Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Handbook of

Food Additives Third Edition Compiled by Michael and Irene Ash

Synapse Information Resources

Contents

Preface Abbreviations Part I Part II Part III Part IV Appendix

...........................................................................................................................5 ...........................................................................................................................8 Trade Name Reference ......................................................................................16 Chemical Component Cross-Reference ..........................................................780 Functional/Application Index ........................................................................2103 Manufacturers Directory ...............................................................................2646 .....................................................................................................................2789 CAS Number Index........................................................................................2790 EINECS/ELINCS Number Index .....................................................................2901 FEMA Number Index .....................................................................................2978 FDA Regulatory Number Index ......................................................................3008 E Number Index ............................................................................................3081 INS Index ......................................................................................................3100 Japanese Regulations of Food Additives with Standards of Use ...................3132 Glossary .......................................................................................................3149 Bibliography .................................................................................................3159

© Synapse Information Resources, Inc. 2008 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by an means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of Synapse Information Resources, Inc.

Published by Synapse Information Resources, Inc. 1247 Taft Ave. Endicott, NY 13760

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008900013 ISBN-13: 978-1-934764-00-8 ISBN-10: 1-934764-00-0

Printed in the U.S.A.

Preface Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition has been extensively updated and expanded in this new edition. It describes more than 5500 trade names, and more than 4000 generic chemicals and materials, available from worldwide manufacturers, that function as direct additives in foods available for consumption. Food additives are defined here as substances that are (1) intentionally added to a food to affect its overall quality or (2) expected or reasonably expected to become a part of the food as a result of any aspect of production, processing, storage, or packaging. Entries for both trade names and chemicals contain extensive information that comprehensively profiles each product. This reference is unique in that it functions as a single source for information on both the trade name products and the chemicals that are used as food additives throughout the world. It includes summaries of regulatory information for the United States, Europe, and Japan. The products described in this Handbook are cross-referenced in multiple ways: chemical composition, function/application, CAS numbers, EINECS numbers, FEMA numbers, and EEC E numbers, INS number, and US CFR regulatory numbers. Handbook of Food Additives contains the following sections: Trade Name Reference contains over 5500 alphabetical entries of trade name food additive chemicals and materials. Each entry provides information on its manufacturer, chemical composition, CAS, EINECS/ELINCS identifying numbers, general properties, applications and functions, toxicology, compliance, and regulatory information as provided by the manufacturer and other sources. All entries containing references that are described in greater detail in another section are linked with hypertext, e.g., in the Trade Name Products section, A-C® 316A is described with links to other parts of the reference and the Internet: A-C® 316A [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized HDPE homopolymer See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Protective coating for fruits, vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.260, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1620, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EU, Australia, Japan listed Properties: Wh. waxy gran., powd.; waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.98 g/cc; visc. 8500 cps (150 C); drop pt. 140 C; acid no. 16; flash pt. (OC) > 255 C; hardness < 0.5 dmm; ≈ 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2500 mg/kg; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 total particulates (powd.); negligible skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes, particulates may cause mech. irritation; nuisance dust by inh. (powd.); low toxicity by ing.; TSCA listed Environmental: Not considered biodeg. Precaution: Combustible; powd. may form explosive mixts. in air; static charges may ignite combustible atmospheres; melts in proximity to fires causing slippery floors/stairs; spillages may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers, amines Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, combustible gases may be generated in fire conditions Storage: Keep away from excessive heat, strong oxidizing agents, amines "Honeywell Spec. Chems." and "Polyethylene, oxidized" and the other chemicals are linked to the manufacturer and generic chemical sections.

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Preface You can jump to linked entries by clicking your mouse on the hyperlink, e.g., "Honeywell Spec. Chems.". Additionally, Internet links (http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp) are provided for instant transition to corporate and division web sites. Generic Products, Synonyms, Trade Name Cross-Reference contains contains an alphabetical listing of food chemicals and materials. Each food chemical entry includes, wherever possible, its synonyms, CAS number, EINECS/ELINCS number, FEMA number, and E number, INS number, molecular formula, chemical properties, function and application, toxicology, precautions, usage level, and regulatory information, as well as the manufacturers of the chemicals/materials. The trade name products from Part I that are equivalent to the chemical or contain that chemical compound as the trade name product's major chemical constituent are cross-referenced. Synonyms for these chemical entries are comprehensively cross-referenced back to the main entry. Functional/Application Cross-Reference is a powerful tool for locating the trade names and chemicals based on their function and/or industrial application area. By searching for key functional words related to Food Additives such as anticaking agent, texturizer, aerating agent within a food application area such as desserts, health foods, etc., the user is directed to the trade names and/or chemicals that have that specific functional/application attribute.. Manufacturers Directory contains detailed contact information for all manufacturers of the trade name products and generic chemicals that are referenced in this Handbook. Wherever possible, telephone, telefax, toll-free 800 numbers, e-mail and Internet addresses, and complete mailing addresses are included for each manufacturer. Click on the internet address and access the manufacturers website or click on the email address and send them a message. CAS Cross-Reference contains CAS number entries followed by a listing of their generic chemical and trade name product equivalents in alphabetical order. All entries are hyperlinked to the appropriate products. EINECS/ELINCS Cross-Reference contains EINECS/ELINCS number entries followed by a listing of its generic chemical and trade name product equivalents in alphabetical order. All entries are hyperlinked to the appropriate products. FEMA Number Index orders chemicals (that have assigned FEMA numbers) contained in this reference by these numbers. These numbers have been assigned by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association). E Number Table orders the chemicals by the European Union designation for food additives. INS Table orders the chemicals by an international numbering system prepared by the Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants (CCFAC) for the purpose of providing a method for identifying food additives by number as an alternative to the declaration of the specific chemical name. It is based on the E number system. FDA 21CFR Regulatory Number Cross-Reference orders the trade names and chemicals by their FDA CFR regulation numbers. Each section# is linked to the FDA's web site so that full viewing of that regulation is just a mouse-click away. Japanese Regulations contains an alphabetical listing of food chemicals along with use, usage level, and limitation guidelines. Glossary contains definitions of terminology associated with associated with the food additive industry.

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Preface This reference is the culmination of many years of research, investigation of product sources acquired through personal contacts and correspondences with major chemical manufacturers worldwide, as well as toxicological databases, chemical references, and internet research.

Michael and Irene Ash

NOTE The information contained in this reference is accurate to the best of our knowledge; however, no liability will be assumed by the publisher or the authors for the correctness or comprehensiveness of such information. The determination of the suitability of these products for prospective use is the responsibility of the user. It is herewith recommended that those who plan to use any of the products referenced seek the manufacturers instructions for the handling of that chemical. Regulations and standards are complicated and are dependent on both the chemistry and the application involved. Variation in laws and standards exist from country to country. The ultimate decision on compliance must be made by the user with full understanding of the application as well as working with the producer or distributor of the ingredients used in the formulation.

The Editors

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Abbreviations abs. ABS absorp. ACGIH

absolute acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene absorption American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists ACN acrylonitrile act. active ADI acceptable daily intake (FAO/WHO) ADR adverse drug reactions AEL acceptable exposure limit adsorp. adsorption agric. agricultural agrochem. agrochemical a.i. active ingredient AIHA American Industrial Hygiene Association alc. alcohol Am., Amer American amts. amounts anhyd. anhydrous ANSI American National Standards Institute AOC assimilable organic carbon APHA American Public Health Association API Active Pharmceutical Ingredients applic(s). application(s) aq. aqueous AS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene ASA acrylic-styrene-acrylonitrile ASBC Am. Society of Brewing Chemists ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ATH alumina trihydrate atm atmosphere at.wt. atomic weight autoignit. autoignition aux(s). auxiliary, auxililaries avail. available avg. average a.w. atomic weight BAC biological activated carbon BATF Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (U.S.) BDG butyl diglycol BDOC biodegradable dissolved organic carbon BfArM Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte (Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, Germany) BGA Federal Republic of Germany Health Dept. certification

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

BgVV

Bundesinsititut für Gesundheitlichen Verbraucherschutz und Veterinärmedizin (Federal Institute for Consumer Health Protection and Veterinary Medicine) (Germany) BHA butylated hydroxyanisole BHT butylated hydroxytoluene biochem. biochemical biodeg. biodegradable bldg. building blk. black BMC bulk molding compound BOD biochemical oxygen demand BP British Pharmacopoeia b.p. boiling point BR butadiene rubbers, polybutadienes B&R Ball & Ring br., brn. brown brnsh. brownish BS British Standards B/S butadiene/styrene BSI British Standards Institute BSS British Standard Sieve Btu British thermal unit B.U. Brabender units (viscosity) BVC British Veterinary Codex BVO brominated vegetable oil byprod. byproduct(s) C degrees Centigrade CAA Clean Air Act CAB cellulose acetate butyrate calcd. calculated cap. capillary CAS Chemical Abstracts Service CC closed cup cc cubic centimeter(s) CCFAC Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants CCl4 carbon tetrachloride CD completely denatured CDA completely denatured alcohol CEL corporate exposure limit CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, & Liability Act (U.S.) CFC chlorofluorocarbon CFN Council on Food & Nutrition (Am. Medical Assoc.) CFR Code of Federal Regulations (U.S.) 8

Abbreviations cfu cGMP

colony-forming units current good manufacturing practice (U.S. FDA) ch. Chapter char. characteristic, characterized chel. chelation chem(s). chemical(s) CI Color Index CIIR chlorobutyl rubber CIR Cosmetic Ingredient Review cks centistoke(s) cl clear CL ceiling concentration cm centimeter(s) cubic centimeter(s) cm3 CMC carboxymethylcellulose CMC critical Micelle concentration c.m.p. capillary melting point CNS central nervous system CO carbon monoxide COC Cleveland Open Cup COD chemical oxygen demand coeff. coefficient COF coefficient of friction compat. compatible compd(s). compound(s) compr. compression conc(s). concentrated, concentration(s) conduct. Conductive, conductivity const. constant contg. containing cosolv. cosolvent CP Canadian Pharmacopoeia cp centipoise(s) CPE chlorinated polyethylene cps centipoise(s) CPVC chlorinated polyvinyl chloride CR chloroprene rubber, polychloroprene cryst. crystalline, crystallization cs centistoke(s) cSt centistoke(s) CTFA Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association ctks centistoke(s) CWA Clean Water Act cwt hundred weight DAB Deutsche. Arzneibuch (German Pharmacopoeia) DAC Deutscher Arneimittel Codex (German Pharmacopoeia Codex) D&C Drugs & Cosmetics dc direct current Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

DE dextrose equivalent DEA diethanolamide, diethanolamine dec. decomposes decomp. decomposition DEG diethylene glycol deliq. deliquescent dens. density deriv(s). derivative(s) descrip. description dg decigram(s) DI deionized diam. diameter dielec. dielectric dil. dilute DIN Deutsches Institut fuer Normung (German Standards Organization) disp. dispersible, dispersion dissip. dissipation dist. distilled distort. distortion distrib. distributor dk. dark DMF dimethyl formamide DMF Drug Master Files DO dissolved oxygen D.O. dissolved oxygen DOC dissolved organic carbon DOM dissolved organic matter DOP dioctyl phthalate DOT Department of Transportation (U.S.) DPG diphenyl guanidine, dipropylene glycol DSB dry solids basis DSI Canadian Provisional Domestic Substance list DTUL deflection temperature under load DVB divinylbenzene DW distilled water, deionized water DWV drainage, waste and vent eb, EB electron beam EC European Community EC50 environmental concentration, 50% EDTA ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid EE epoxy equivalent EEC European Economic Community EED environmental endocrine disrupter EEW epoxide equivalent weight e.g. for example EGC Epoxide Group Content EINECS European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances elec. electrical

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Abbreviations ELINCS

European List of Notified Chemical Substances elong. elongation EMI electromagnetic interference EMS electromagnetic shielding ENB 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene EO ethylene oxide EP European Pharmacopoeia EP extreme pressure EPA Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.) EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, ethylene-propylene terpolymer EPR ethylene-propylene rubber EPS expandable polystyrene equip. equipment equiv. equivalent ESCR environmental stress crack resistance ESD electrostatic discharge ESO epoxidized soybean oil ESP electrostatic protection esp. especially EU European Union Eur.Ph. European Pharmacopoeia EVA ethylene vinyl acetate evap. Evaporation exc. excellent F degrees Fahrenheit FA fatty acid FAO Food and Agriculture Organization (United Nations) FAP Food Additive Petition (U.S.) FCC Food Chemicals Codex FCC fluorochlorocarbon FDA Food and Drug Administration (U.S.) FD&C Foods, Drugs, and Cosmetics FEMA Flavor and Extract Manufacturers’ Association (U.S.) FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene FFA free fatty acid FFDCA Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act FG food grade FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (U.S. EPA) FKM fluoroelastomer fl fluid flamm. flammable, flammability flex. flexural FNB Food and Nutrition Board f.p. freezing point FP French Pharmacopoeia FR flame retardant FR-ABS flame retardant ABS Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FRP fiberglass-reinforced plastics F-T Fischer-Tropsch ft foot, feet f.w. formula weight G giga g gram(s) gal gallon(s) g/d gram/dyne GFRP glass fiber-reinforced plastic G-H Gardner-Holdt GI gastro-intestinal glac. glacial GLP good laboratory practice GLY glycine GMP good manufacturing practice gpd gallons per day gpm gallons per minute GPPS general purpose polystyrene gpt gallons per ton gr. gravity gran. granules, granular GRAS generally recognized as safe grn(sh). green. greenish GRP glass-reinforced plastics, glassreinforced polyester GVS Gardner varnish scale (color) GWP Global warming potential h hour(s) HAF high abrasion furnace carbon black HALS hindered amine light stabilizer HAP hazardous air pollutant HAPS hazardous air pollutants HAP's hazardous air pollutants HB horizontal burning HC hydrocarbon HCFC hydrochlorofluorocarbon HCl hydrochloride, hydrochloric acid HDPE high-density polyethylene HDT heat distortion (deflection) temp. HFC hydrofluorocarbon Hg mercury HIPS high-impact polystyrene HLB hydrophilic lipophilic balance HMIS Hazardous Material Identification System hr hour(s) HTST high temperature short-time pasteurization HEUR hydrophobically modified ethoxylate urethane HVAC heating, ventilation, air conditioning HVP hydrolyzed vegetable protein 10

Abbreviations hyd. hydrog. Hz IARC

hydroxyl hydrogenated hertz International Agency for Research on Cancer (United Nations) i.b.p. initial boiling point IDLH immediately dangerous to life and health I&I industrial and institutional IIR isobutylene-isoprene rubber IM intramuscular immisc. immiscible IMP inosine monophosphate in. inch(es) Inc. Incorporated inc. increases, increased INCI International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient incl. including incompat. incompatible incorp. Incorporated, incorporation indent. indentation ing. ingestion ingred(s). ingredient(s) inh. inhalation inj. injection inorg. inorganic INS International Numbering System for Food Additives insol. insoluble Int’l. International IOFI International Organization of the Flavor Industry IP intraperitoneal IPA isopropyl alcohol IPM isopropyl myristate IPP isopropyl palmitate IR isoprene rubber (synthetic), polyisoprene irreg. irregular IU International Unit IV intravenous J joule JCIC Japanese Cosmetic Ingredients Codex JCID Japanese Cosmetic Ingredients Dictionary JECFA Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives JP Japanese Pharmacopoeia JSCI Japanese Standard of Cosmetic Ingredients JSFA Japan Standards for Food Additives k kilo KB Kauri-Butanol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

kg kilogram(s) KTPP potassium tripolyphosphate KU Krebs units l liter(s) LAB linear alkylbenzene LAS linear alkylbenzene sulfonate LAO linear alpha olefins lb pound(s) LC50 lethal concentration 50% LCLo lethal concentration low LD0 lethal dose 0% LD50 lethal dose 50% LDLo lowest published lethal dose LDPE low-density polyethylene LED light-emitting diode lel lower explosive level lg. large liq. liquid LLDPE linear low-density polyethylene LMDPE linear medium-density polyethylene LOEL lowest observed effect level lt. light Ltd. Limited LVP low vapor pressure M mega M mole m milli m meter(s) mmeta manuf. manufacturer max. maximum mbar millibar MCF methyl chloroform MCL maximum contaminant level MCT medium chain triglycerides MD machine direction, mold direction MEA monoethanolamine, monoethanolamide mech. mechanial med. medium MEK methyl ethyl ketone mfg. manufacture mg milligram(s) mgd million gallons/day MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone microcryst. microcrystalline microgran. microgranules, microgranular MID Meat Inspection Division (USDA) MIL Military Specifications mil 0.001 inch min minute(s) min. mineral min. minimum 11

Abbreviations MIPA

monoisopropanolamine, monoisopropanolamide misc. miscible, miscellaneous MITI Japanese Inventory of Chemical Substances (list) mixt(s). mixture(s) ml milliliter(s) MLD minimum lethal dose mm millimeter(s) MMAP modified mixed aniline point MMW-HDPE medium molecular weight high density polyethylene mN millinewton(s) mo, mos month(s) mod. moderately mod. modulus monocl. monoclinic m.p. melting point mPa•s millipascal-second(s) mppcf million particles per cubic foot MRL maximum residual limits MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet MT medium thermal mus mouse MVTR moisture vapor transmission rate m.w. molecular weight N normal nat. natural NB nonbreaking N/B nitrile-butadiene NBR nitrile rubber, nitrile-butadiene rubber NC nitrocellulose NCI National Cancer Institute need. needles neg. negative neut. neutral, neutralized NF National Formulary NFPA National Fire Protection Association ng nanogram NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) nm nanometer no. number N 2O nitrous oxide NOx nitrogen oxides NOEL no observed effect level NOI not otherwise indexed (U.S. DOT) nonalc. nonalcoholic nonaq. nonaqueous nonbiodeg. nonbiodegradable nonflamm. nonflammable nonyel. nonyellowing Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

N.O.S. NPRI NR NSF NTP NV o- ortho OBPA OC ODC ODP OEL OEM OMS org. orig. OSHA OTC o/w oz p- para Pa PBT pbw PC PCB pcf PCMX PCP PCTFE PDIS PE PEEK PEG PEIS PEK PEL perc percut. PES PET petrol. PFPE PG pH Ph. Ph.Eur.

not otherwise specified (transport regulations) National Pollutant Release Inventory (Canada) natural rubber, isoprene rubber (natural) National Sanitation Foundation, National Standards Foundation National Toxicology Program (U.S.) nonvolatiles oxybisphenoxarsine open cup ozone-depleting compound ozone-depletion potential occupational exposure limit original equipment manufacturer odorless mineral spirits organic original Occupational Safety and Health Administration (U.S.) over-the-counter oil-in-water ounce Pascal polybutylene terephthalate parts by weight polycarbonate polychlorinated biphenyl pounds per cubic foot p-chloro-m-xylenol Pest Control Product Act, 1972 (Canada) polychlorotrifluoroethylene primary dermal irritation score polyethylene polyetheretherketone polyethylene glycol primary eye irritation score polyetherketone permissible exposure level perchloroethylene percutaneous polyether sulfone polyethylene terephthalate petroleum perfluoropolyether propylene glycol hydrogen-ion concentration Pharmacopoeia European Pharmacopoeia 12

Abbreviations PHA phosphonohyroxyacetic acid pharm. pharmaceutical Ph.Eur. European Pharmacopoeia phr parts per hundred of rubber or resin PIB polyisobutylene PIN product identification number PIR polyisocyanurate Pk peak concentration pkg. packaging PM, P-M Pensky-Martens PMCC Pensky-Martens closed cup PMMA polymethyl methacrylate PMOC Pensky-Martens open cup PO propylene oxide POC particulate organic carbon POE polyoxyethylene, polyoxyethylated polyunsat. polyunsaturated PoM prescription-only medicine POM polyoxymethylene POP polyoxypropylene, polyoxypropylated POP's persistant organic pollutants powd. powder PP polypropylene ppb parts per billion PPE polyphenylene ether PPG polypropylene glycol pph parts per hundred (percent) ppm parts per million PPO polyphenylene oxide PPS polyphenylene sulfide ppt parts per trillion pract. practically prep(s). preparation(s) prod. product(s), production props. properties PS polystyrene ps poise psi pounds per square inch psia pounds per square inch absolute psig pounds per square inch gauge pt. point Pt-Co platinum-cobalt PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene PTMEG polytetramethylene ether glycol PU polyurethane PUF polyurethane foam PUR polyurethane PVA polyvinyl alcohol PVAc polyvinyl acetate PVAL polyvinyl alcohol PVB polyvinyl butyral PVC polyvinyl chloride Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PVC-P plasticized polyvinyl chloride PVC-U unplasticized polyvinyl chloride PVDC, PVdC polyvinylidene chloride PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride PVM polyvinyl methyl ether PVM/MA polyvinyl methyl ether/maleic anhydride PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone PWB partial weight bearing qt quart quat. quaternary R&B Ring & Ball rbt rabbit RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (U.S. EPA 40CFR §261) R&D research and development RDA recommended daily allowances rdsh. reddish rec. recommended ref. refractive reg. registry regs. regulations REL recommended exposure limit rep. represents resist. resistance, resistant, resistivity resp. respectively RFI radio frequency interference r.h. relative humidity rhomb. rhombic RIM reaction injection molded/molding RO reverse osmosis rpm revolutions per minute RQ reportable quantity R.T. room temperature RTECS Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (U.S.) RTM resin transfer molding RTV room temperature vulcanizing RV recreational vehicle s second(s) s- secondary SADT self accelerating decomposition temp. SAN styrene-acrylonitrile sapon. saponification SARA Superfund Amendments & Reauthorization Act (U.S.) sat. saturated S/B styrene/butadiene SBR styrene/butadiene rubber SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene SD specially denatured SDA specially denatured alcohol SE self-emulsifying 13

Abbreviations SEBS styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene sec. secondary semicryst. semicrystalline semiliq. semiliquid semisyn. semisynthetic sl. slight, slightly sm. small SMA styrene maleic anhydride SMC sheet molding compound SMG succinylated monoglycerides SNAP Significant New Alternative Policy (U.S. EPA) soften. softening sol. soluble, solubility solid. solidification sol’n. solution solv(s). solvent(s) sp. specific spec. specification, specialty SPF sun protection factor spp. non-specified species SRF semireiniforced furnace SS stainless steel SSU Saybolt Universal Seconds std. standard STEL short term exposure limit Stod. Stoddard solvent STP standard temperature and pressure str. strength subcut. subcutaneous subl. sublimes surf. surface SUS Saybolt Universal Seconds susp. suspension syn. synthetic t tertiary TAPPI Technical Association of the Pulp & Paper Industry TBHQ tert-butyl hydroquinone TCC Tag closed cup TCLo toxic concentration low TDI toluene diisocyanate TDLo toxic dose low TDS total dissolved solids TEA triethanolamine, triethanolamide tech. technical temp. temperature tens. tensile, tension tert tertiary THF tetrahydrofuran THMs trihalomethanes TIPA triisopropanolamine Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TKPP tetrapotassium pyrophosphate TLV Threshold Limit Value TLV-CL Threshold Limit Value/ceiling limit TLV-STEL Threshold Limit Value/short therm exposure limit TLV-TWA Threshold Limit Value/time weighted average TMC thick molding compound TOC Tag open cup, total organic carbon tox. toxicity TPE thermoplastic elastomer TPU thermoplastic polyurethane TRI Toxic Release Inventory TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act tsp teaspoon TSS total suspended solids TWA time weighted average TWC time weighted concentration typ. typical uel upper explosive limits UF urea formaldehyde UF ultra filtration UHF ultra high frequency UHMW ultra high molecular weight UHMWPE ultra high molecular weight polyethylene UHT ultra high temperature UL Underwriter’s Laboratory UN No. United Nations Substance Identification Number (for transport purposes) unsat. unsaturated UPVC unplasticized polyvinyl chloride USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture USFA United States Food Additives USP United States Pharmacopeia uv, UV ultraviolet V volt VA vinyl acetate VAE vinyl acetate ethylene VC vinyl chloride VCA vinyl chloride-acrylic VdC, VDC vinylidene chloride veg(s). vegetable, vegetables visc. viscous, viscosity VM&P Varnish Makers and Painters VOC volatile organic compounds vol. volume v/v volume by volume wh. white WEEL Workplace Environmental Exposure Level (U.S.) WFC World Food Council

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Abbreviations WHMIS WHO wks w/o wt. w/v w/w XLPE X-PE yel. ylsh. yr # %

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (Canada) World Health Organization (United Nations) weeks water-in-oil weight weight by volume weight by weight crosslinked polyethylene crosslinked polyethylene yellow yellowish year number percent

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

< > ≤ ± ≥ @ α β δ, Δ ε γ ω µ µg ≈

less than greater than less than or equal to plus or minus greater than or equal to at alpha beta delta epsilon gamma omega micron, micrometer microgram approximately equal to

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Part I: Trade Name Reference AP™ 25 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fully-refined Paraffin wax See Paraffin wax (petroleum), clay-treated CAS 64742-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-145-6 Uses: Lubricant, mold release agent, moisture resistance/retention aid, thickener in food Regulatory: 21CFR 172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Wh. waxy translucent solid; tasteless; odorless; m.p. 126 F AP™ 35 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fully-refined Paraffin wax See Paraffin wax (petroleum), clay-treated CAS 64742-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-145-6 Uses: Lubricant, mold release agent, moisture resistance/retention aid, thickener in food Regulatory: 21CFR 172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Wh. waxy translucent solid; tasteless; odorless; m.p. 135 F AP™ 45 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fully-refined Paraffin wax See Paraffin wax (petroleum), clay-treated CAS 64742-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-145-6 Uses: Lubricant, mold release agent, moisture resistance/retention aid, thickener in food Regulatory: 21CFR 172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Wh. waxy translucent solid; tasteless; odorless; m.p. 150 F AA USP [Vertellus Perf. Material http://www.vertellus.com] Chem. Descrip.: Castor oil See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil CAS 8001-79-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-293-8 Uses: Lubricant for food processing; lubricant, release agent, protective coatings for vitamins, tableting Regulatory: FDA approval Properties: Sol. in alcohols, esters, ethers, ketone, and aromatic solvs.; visc. 7.3 stokes; acid no. 2; iodine no. (Wijs) 86; sapon. no. 180 A.B.C. #7 [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Buttercream stabilizer that also increases yields while eliminating grit and shortening taste. Ablunol S-20 [Taiwan Surf. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.taiwansurfactant.com.tw/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan laurate CAS 1338-39-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-663-3 Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Properties: Oily liq.; oil-sol.; water-disp.; HLB 8.6; nonionic; 100% act. Ablunol S-60 [Taiwan Surf. http://www.taiwansurfactant.com.tw/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Properties: Waxy flake; HLB 4.7; nonionic; 100% act. Ablunol S-80 [Taiwan Surf. http://www.taiwansurfactant.com.tw/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan oleate CAS 1338-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Properties: Oily liq.; HLB 4.3; nonionic; 100% act. Ablunol S-85 [Taiwan Surf. http://www.taiwansurfactant.com.tw/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan trioleate CAS 26266-58-0; EINECS/ELINCS 247-569-3 Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Properties: Oily liq.; HLB 1.8; nonionic; 100% act. Ablunol T-20 [Taiwan Surf. http://www.taiwansurfactant.com.tw/] Chem. Descrip.: POE sorbitan laurate Uses: O/w emulsifier for foods Properties: Oily liq.; water-sol.; HLB 16.7; nonionic; 100% solids Ablunol T-60 [Taiwan Surf. http://www.taiwansurfactant.com.tw/] Chem. Descrip.: POE sorbitan stearate Uses: O/w emulsifier for foods Properties: Oily liq.; water-sol.; HLB 14.9; nonionic; 100% conc. Ablunol T-80 [Taiwan Surf. http://www.taiwansurfactant.com.tw/] Chem. Descrip.: POE sorbitan oleate Uses: O/w emulsifier for foods Properties: Oily liq.; water-sol.; HLB 15.0; 16

Part I: Trade Name Reference nonionic; 100% conc. Abscents® 3000 [UOP http://www.uop.com] Chem. Descrip.: Organophilic molecular sieve (sodium aluminosilicate) See Zeolite CAS 1318-02-1; EINECS/ELINCS 215-283-8 Uses: Adsorbent for foods Features: Food-grade; polymer additive for adsorbing low m.w. organics such as aliphatics, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, chlorinated hydrocarbons, org. acids, and aromatics; rec. for use with reactive compds. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. dry powd.; odorless; 3 µ avg. particle size; insol. in water or org. solvs.; surf. area > 400 m2/g; pH 9-10 (10%) Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: nonbiodeg. HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store tightly closed A-C® 6 [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp; Baerlocher France] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese Properties: Wh. waxy prills, powd., char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.92 g/cc; visc. 375 cps (140 C); drop pt. 106 C; acid no. nil; flash pt. (COC) 307 C; hardness 4.0 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; mild skin irritant; dust may cause mech. eye and respiratory tract irritation; OSHA TWA 5 mg/m3 (respirable dust), 15 mg/m3 (total dust) recommended; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible solid; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxidized and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight A-C® 6A [Honeywell Spec. Chems. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese Properties: Wh. waxy prills, powd., char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.92 g/cc; visc. 375 cps (140 C); drop pt. 106 C; acid no. nil; flash pt. > 231 C; hardness 4.0 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; mild skin irritant; dust may cause mech. eye and respiratory tract irritation; OSHA TWA 5 mg/m3 (respirable dust), 15 mg/m3 (total dust) recommended; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible solid; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon, various oxidized and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight A-C® 7 [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer wax See Polyethylene wax CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese Properties: Prills, powd.; char. waxy odor; sol. in hot min. oil and fatty esters; dens. 0.92 g/cc; visc. 450 cps (140 C); drop pt. 109 C; acid no. nil; flash pt. (COC) 304 C; hardness 2.5 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible solid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxidized 17

Part I: Trade Name Reference and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight

and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight

A-C® 7A [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer wax See Polyethylene wax CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese Properties: Prills, powd.; char. waxy odor; sol. in hot min. oil and fatty esters; dens. 0.92 g/cc; visc. 450 cps (140 C); drop pt. 109 C; acid no. nil; hardness 2.5 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible solid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxidized and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight

A-C® 8A [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese Properties: Powd.; char. waxy odor; dens. 0.93 g/cc; visc. 450 cps (140 C); drop pt. 113 C (Mettler); acid no. nil; hardness 1.0 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible solid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxidized and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight

A-C® 8 [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp; Baerlocher France] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese Properties: Prills, powd.; char. waxy odor; dens. 0.93 g/cc; visc. 400 cps (140 C); drop. pt. 116 C; acid no. nil; flash pt. (COC) 307 C; hardness 1.0 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible solid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxidized Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

A-C® 9 [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp; Baerlocher France] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese Properties: Prills, powd.; char. waxy odor; dens. 0.94 g/cc; visc. 450 cps (140 C); drop. pt. 117 C; acid no. nil; flash pt. (COC) 318 C; hardness 0.5 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible solid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxidized and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 18

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight A-C® 9A [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese Properties: Powd.; char. waxy odor; avg. particle size 220 µ; dens. 0.94 g/cc; visc. 450 cps (140 C); drop. pt. 117 C; acid no. nil; hardness 0.5 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible solid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxidized and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight A-C® 9CF [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: DOT not regulated; RCRA, SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Chemical Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese inventory (draft); OSHA combustible solid Properties: Solid; char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.88-0.97; m.p. 92-122 C; flash pt. (OC) > 230 C; fire pt. > 313 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; mild skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Combustible solid; wear protective gloves with long sleeves, chemical goggles, respirator if dusty conditions prevail; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, combustible gases Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight A-C® 9F [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese Properties: Fine powd.; char. waxy odor; avg. particle size 110 µ; dens. 0.94 g/cc; visc. 450 cps (140 C); drop. pt. 117 C; acid no. nil; hardness 0.5 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible solid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxidized and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight A-C® 16A [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: DOT not regulated; RCRA, SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Chemical Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese inventory (draft); OSHA combustible solid Properties: Solid; char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.88-0.97; m.p. 92-122 C; flash pt. (OC) > 230 C; fire pt. > 313 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; mild skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Combustible solid; wear protective gloves with long sleeves, chemical goggles, respirator if dusty conditions prevail; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, 19

Part I: Trade Name Reference combustible gases Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight AC-130 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein Chem. Analysis: 8% moisture; 1.5% fat CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Protein supplement in food Features: Precipitated from fresh skim milk Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine free-flowing powd.; clean odor/flavor; particle size 30 mesh; pH 3.7-5.2; 97.2% (dry basis) protein Storage: Keep in a cool, dry place AC-180 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein Chem. Analysis: 8% mositure; 1.5% fat CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Protein supplement in food Features: Precipitated from fresh skim milk Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine free-flowing powd.; clean odor; bland flavor; particle size 80 mesh; pH 3.7-5.2; 97.2% (dry basis) protein Storage: Keep in a cool, dry place A-C® 316 [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized HDPE homopolymer See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Protective coating for fruits, vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.260, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1620, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EU, Australia, Japan listed Properties: Wh. waxy gran., powd.; waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.98 g/cc; visc. 8500 cps (150 C); drop pt. 140 C; acid no. 16; flash pt. (OC) > 255 C; hardness < 0.5 dmm; ≈ 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2500 mg/kg; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 total particulates (powd.); negligible skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes, particulates may cause mech. irritation; nuisance dust by inh. (powd.); low toxicity by ing.; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Combustible; powd. may form explosive mixts. in air; static charges may ignite combustible atmospheres; melts in proximity to fires causing slippery floors/stairs; spillages may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers, amines Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, combustible gases may be generated in fire conditions Storage: Keep away from excessive heat, strong oxidizing agents, amines A-C® 316A [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized HDPE homopolymer See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Protective coating for fruits, vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.260, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1620, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EU, Australia, Japan listed Properties: Wh. waxy gran., powd.; waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.98 g/cc; visc. 8500 cps (150 C); drop pt. 140 C; acid no. 16; flash pt. (OC) > 255 C; hardness < 0.5 dmm; ≈ 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2500 mg/kg; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 total particulates (powd.); negligible skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes, particulates may cause mech. irritation; nuisance dust by inh. (powd.); low toxicity by ing.; TSCA listed Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Combustible; powd. may form explosive mixts. in air; static charges may ignite combustible atmospheres; melts in proximity to fires causing slippery floors/stairs; spillages may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers, amines Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, combustible gases may be generated in fire conditions Storage: Keep away from excessive heat, strong oxidizing agents, amines A-C® 617G [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer 20

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: DOT not regulated; RCRA, SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Chemical Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese inventory (draft); OSHA combustible solid Properties: Solid; char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.91 g/cc; visc. 200 cps (140 C); drop. pt. 102 C; flash pt. (OC) > 230 C; fire pt. > 313 C; acid no. nil; hardness 7.0 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; mild skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Combustible solid; wear protective gloves with long sleeves, chemical goggles, respirator if dusty conditions prevail; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, combustible gases HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight A-C® 629 [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized polyethylene homopolymer See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Protective coating for fruits, vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.260, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1620, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EU, Australia, Japan listed Properties: Wh. waxy prills, powd., char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.93 g/cc; visc. 200 cps (140 C); drop pt. 101 C; acid no. 15; flash pt. (COC) 274 C; hardness 5.5 dmm; ≈ 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2500 mg/kg; nonirritating to skin and eyes; dust may cause mech. irritation; OSHA TWA 5 mg/m3 (respirable dust), 15 mg/m3 (total dust) recommended; TSCA listed Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Combustible; powd. may form explosive mixts. in air; static charges may ignite combustible atmospheres; melts in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

proximity to fires causing slippery floors/stairs; spillages may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers, amines Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, combustible gases may be generated in fire conditions Storage: Keep away from excessive heat, strong oxidizing agents, amines A-C® 629A [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized polyethylene homopolymer See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Protective coating for fruits, vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.260, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1620, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EU, Australia, Japan listed Properties: Wh. waxy prills, powd.; char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.93 g/cc; visc. 200 cps (140 C); drop pt. 101 C; acid no. 15; flash pt. (OC) > 255 C; hardness 5.5 dmm; ≈ 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2500 mg/kg; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 total particulates (powd.); negligible skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes, particulates may cause mech. irritation; nuisance dust by inh. (powd.); low toxicity by ing.; TSCA listed Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Combustible; powd. may form explosive mixts. in air; static charges may ignite combustible atmospheres; melts in proximity to fires causing slippery floors/stairs; spillages may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers, amines Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, combustible gases may be generated in fire conditions Storage: Keep away from excessive heat, strong oxidizing agents, amines A-C® 655 [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized polyethylene homopolymer See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Protective coating for fruits, vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.260, 175.105, 21

Part I: Trade Name Reference 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1620, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EU, Australia, Japan listed Properties: Wh. waxy prills; char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.93 g/cc; visc. 210 cps (140 C); drop pt. 107 C; acid no. 16; flash pt. (COC) 274 C; hardness 2.5 dmm; ≈ 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2500 mg/kg; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 total particulates (powd.); negligible skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes, particulates may cause mech. irritation; nuisance dust by inh. (powd.); low toxicity by ing.; TSCA listed Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Combustible; powd. may form explosive mixts. in air; static charges may ignite combustible atmospheres; melts in proximity to fires causing slippery floors/stairs; spillages may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers, amines Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, combustible gases may be generated in fire conditions Storage: Keep away from excessive heat, strong oxidizing agents, amines A-C® 680 [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized polyethylene homopolymer See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Protective coating for fruits, vegetables Features: Emulsifiable Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.260, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1620, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EU, Australia, Japan listed Properties: Wh. waxy prills; char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.93 g/cc; visc. 250 cps (140 C); drop pt. 108 C; acid no. 16; flash pt. (COC) 277 C; hardness 1.5 dmm; ≈ 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2500 mg/kg; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 total particulates (powd.); negligible skin irritant; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nonirritating to eyes, particulates may cause mech. irritation; nuisance dust by inh. (powd.); low toxicity by ing.; TSCA listed Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Combustible; powd. may form explosive mixts. in air; static charges may ignite combustible atmospheres; melts in proximity to fires causing slippery floors/stairs; spillages may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers, amines Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, combustible gases may be generated in fire conditions Storage: Keep away from excessive heat, strong oxidizing agents, amines A-C® 715 [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer See Polyethylene CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese Properties: Diced form; char. waxy odor; sp.gr. 0.92; visc. 4000 cps (140 C); drop pt. 109 C; acid no. nil; flash pt. (COC) 302 C; hardness 2.5 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible solid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxidized and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight A-C® 735 [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer See Polyethylene CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 22

Part I: Trade Name Reference 178.3850, 179.45; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese Properties: Diced form; char. waxy odor; sp.gr. 0.92; visc. 6000 cps (140 C); drop pt. 110 C; acid no. nil; hardness 2.5 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible solid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxidized and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from direct heat, sunlight A-C® 810A [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: DOT not regulated; RCRA, SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Chemical Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese inventory (draft); OSHA combustible solid Properties: Solid; char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.88-0.97; m.p. 92-122 C; flash pt. (OC) > 230 C; fire pt. > 313 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; mild skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Wear protective gloves with long sleeves, chemical goggles, respirator if dusty conditions prevail; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, combustible gases Storage: Avoid excessive heat A-C® 820A [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: DOT not regulated; RCRA, SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Chemical Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese inventory (draft); OSHA combustible solid Properties: Solid; char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.88-0.97; m.p. 92-122 C; flash Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pt. (OC) > 230 C; fire pt. > 313 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; mild skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Wear protective gloves with long sleeves, chemical goggles, respirator if dusty conditions prevail; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, combustible gases Storage: Avoid excessive heat A-C® 1702 [Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: DOT not regulated; RCRA, SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Australian Chemical Inventory; Japan ENCS; Korean inventory; Philippines PICCS; Chinese inventory (draft); OSHA combustible solid Properties: Grease-like solid; char. waxy odor; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.88 g/cc; visc. 40 cps (140 C); drop. pt. 92 C; acid no. nil; flash pt. (COC) 232 C; fire pt. > 313 C; hardness 90.0 dmm (D1321) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; mild skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: not considered biodeg. Precaution: Combustible solid; wear protective gloves with long sleeves, chemical goggles, respirator if dusty conditions prevail; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon, various oxidized and nonoxidized hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area; avoid excessive heat, direct sunlight Accoline [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mixt. of food grade phosphates with various degrees of polymerization Uses: Binder, color enhancer, texturizer for prep. of all comminuted meat prods. subject to heat treatment, e.g., cooked sausages Features: Avail. in visc., nonvisc., and instant sol. types 23

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FAO/WHO, EU compliance Use Level: 3-5 g/kg final prod. Accoline-Mix [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mixt. of food grade phosphates with proteins, carbohydrates, antioxidants, spices, flavor enhancers, etc. Uses: Binder, color enhancer, texturizer for comminuted meat prods., e.g., cooked sausages Use Level: 10-30 g/kg final prod. AccuCoat® 05520 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Unmodified, bleached Corn starch with added mineral oil See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.35% protein CAS 9005-25-8; 8012-95-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6; 232-384-2 Uses: Confectionery processing aid and whitener used for making impressions (molds) into which fluid confections are deposited for shaping and drying used in donut sugars, dusting starch, gummy bears, jelly beans, jelly slices, shaped candies, and sugar coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: 2%. thru 100 mesh; bulk dens. (packed) 46 lb/ft3; pH (1:5) 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity AccuFlo 05602 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: common Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 50 ppm max. SO2 CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Dusting powder, dry flow aid, and whitener in bakery goods, chewing gum, donut coatings, marshmallows, and sheeted doughs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: 2%. thru 100 mesh; bulk dens. (packed) 57lb/ft3; pH (1:5) 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

humidity Acid Blocker - 1, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Suppresses astringency of tea, cranberry, lemonade Features: Lowers perceived acidity of citrus, high-acid beverages, fat-free dressing and yogurt Regulatory: GRAS; CFR §172.510; 21 CFR §101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; bland taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils Use Level: 0.1-3 ppm Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cavendish bananas (99.499.5%) and ascorbic acid (0.5-0.6%) See LAscorbic acid Chem. Analysis: 2125% sol. solids Uses: Banana flavor for fruit preparations, nectars, juices, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, baby food, ice cream, yogurt and other frozen desserts and soft food diets Features: Produced by ripening, hand peeling, pulping, sieving and deaerating banana pulp Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; GMO complaint Properties: Ripe banana flavor/odor; pH 4.2-4.5 Storage: 12 mos. when stored @ 15-30 C in sealed containers Acid Proof Caramel Powder [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Double strength acid proof-type caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant Features: High intensity natural colorant Properties: Free-flowing powd.; 100% min. through 40 mesh, 90% min. through 100 mesh; pH 3.0-4.0 (1%); 4% max. moisture Storage: Unlimited shelf life under normal storage conditions Acid Protease DS [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Protease from Aspergillus niger CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Enzyme for dietary supplement use Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; proteinase act. ≥ 35,000 u/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization or allergic reaction in sensitized individuals when inhaled; nontoxic 24

Part I: Trade Name Reference Environmental: biodegradable Precaution: Wear respirator approved for this type dust, protective glasses or eye shield, impermeable gloves, and overalls Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry area Aclame™ [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Alitame Uses: Sweetener for foods, beverages, fruit juices Act II 200 USP [Luzenac Am. http://www.luzenac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Talc USP/FCC See Talc CAS 14807-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 238-877-9 Uses: Glidant, anticaking agent, colorant, lubricant in foods Act II 400 USP [Luzenac Am. http://www.luzenac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Talc USP/FCC See Talc CAS 14807-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 238-877-9 Uses: Dusting agent, antitackifier in foods Properties: Very fine powd.; 4 µ median particle size; 99.9% min. through 325 mesh; bulk dens. 10-15 lb/ft3 (loose); brightness (GE) 89 min. Acticarbone® [Ceca SA http://www.ceca.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Adsorbent for foods (decolorization/purification of sugar/glucose syrups, citric/tartaric/lactic acids, edible oils, food flavors, wines) Features: Inert Properties: Solid blk. powd. or pellets; no odor; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.18-0.6; not flamm. Toxicology: Sl. irritant to eyes and skin; chronic exposure to dust may cause pneumoconiosis Precaution: Avoid dispersion of dust into air to reduce the potential explosion hazard; avoid accumulation of static electricity Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Keep in closed, labeled containers in a ventilated area Actif-8® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Formulated mixture of sodium aluminum phosphate (60-100%) and calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous (15-40%) See Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 7785-88-8; 7758-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-090-4; 231-837-1 Uses: Leavening agent in self-rising flour, self-rising corn meal mixes, pancake flour, prepared mixes, and other baking preps. Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1217 (calcium phosphate) and 21CFR §182.1781 (sodium aluminum phosphate) Properties: Wh. free-flowing, odorless powd.; 1% max. on 60 mesh, 6% max. on 100 mesh, 15% max. on 140 mesh; sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.45 g/ml ; 3.decomp. remp. 600 C; pH 3.8 (1 wt/wt%); 98-105% assay; 7-8.5% loss on ignition; 29.1% Ca; 22.6% P Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust); mild irritant to eyes and skin; TSCA listed NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store in an area that is cool and dry, isolated from all toxic and harmful substances Actiphyte® of Queen-of-the-Meadow Concentrate [Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Meadowsweet extract See Meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria) extract CAS 84775-57-5; EINECS/ELINCS 283-886-3 Uses: Used in herbal beers Properties: Lt. to med. amber liq.; char. odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.00-1.05; ref. index 1.4440-1.4540 ActiStar™ RT 75330 [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Food starch, dietary fiber containing high levels of resistant starch used in breads, rolls, and buns, pizza and tortillas, pancakes and biscuits, cookies, cakes, muffins, sweet breads, and crackers; used as a replacement for flour in baked goods Features: Not digested within small intestine; high dietary fiber; low water binding capacity; process-tolerant in all food systems; low glycemic response Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Bland taste; 54% resistant starch, 36% digestible starch, 8% moisture Activa™ TG-RM [Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomoto-usa.com; http://www.ajichem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium caseinate, 25

Part I: Trade Name Reference maltodextrin, and transglutaminase Uses: Enzyme for protein crosslinking, specifically to restructure muscle foods such as red meat, poultry, and seafood Features: Active over fairly wide pH range and broad temp. range (except during high temp. cooking) Regulatory: US FDA and GRAS acceptance Activa™ TG-SF [Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomoto-usa.com; http://www.ajichem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin, starch, sodium phosphate, and transglutaminase Uses: Enzyme for protein crosslinking, esp. for seafood applics. such as block-surimi, meat substitutes/analogs, natural cheese, processed cheese, yogurt, cream cheese, frozen desserts Features: Active over fairly wide pH range and broad temp. range (except during high temp. cooking) Regulatory: US FDA and GRAS acceptance Use Level: 25 ppm in meat substitutes/analogs; 100 ppm in natural cheese; 250 ppm inprocessed cheese; 70 ppm in cream cheese; 30 ppm in yogurt, 20ppm in frozen desserts Activa™ TG-TI [Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomoto-usa.com; http://www.ajichem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin and transglutaminase Uses: Enzyme for protein crosslinking to improve texture in protein systems Features: Active over fairly wide pH range and broad temp. range (except during high temp. cooking) Regulatory: US FDA and GRAS acceptance Activera™ 10X [Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis gel CAS 94349-62-9; EINECS/ELINCS 305-181-2 Uses: Full range of prods. for ingestible use Properties: Cl. colorless to pale yel. liq.; completely sol. in water; sp. gr. 1.02 +/- 0.03; b.p. 212 F Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents, acids and alkalis Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Activera™ 1-1FA (Filtered) [Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis gel CAS 94349-62-9; EINECS/ELINCS 305-181-2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Vegetable drink and juice enhancer Features: Rec. where consistent quality and color stability are important Properties: Colorless cloudy liq.; sl. veg. odor; completely sol. in water; sp. gr. 1.003 +/- 0.005 Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents, acids and alkalis Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Keep containers closed until use; store away from heat and direct sunlight Activera™ 1-1 UA (Unfiltered) [Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Vegetable drink for the health food industry; flavor enhancer for juices Features: Mixable with vegetable and fruit juices Properties: Colorless cloudy liq., almost neutral taste Activera™ 1-200 A [Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis gel See Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Used in veg. drinks; reconstitute by adding 199 parts of deionized water to 1 part powd. by wt. Properties: Eggshell-wh. free-flowing powd. Actobind® 3900 [Advanced Food Systems http://www.afsnj.com/] Uses: Provides quick cold viscosity, freeze/thaw stability, and bake stability Features: Can be incorporated without lumping under minimal agitation Properties: Cold water soluble Actogel 1315 [Advanced Food Systems http://www.afsnj.com/] Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for glossy, high brix syrups such as caramel Actoloid® 303 [Advanced Food Systems http://www.afsnj.com/] Uses: Stabilizer, viscosifier in various sauces, dips, dressings Features: Synergistic blend of food stabilizers; smoother flow characteristic than xanthan gum Actoloid® 665 [Advanced Food Systems http://www.afsnj.com/] Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for frozen sauces, fillings, gravy; controls water migration of pizza sauce to crust Actoloid® 2210 [Advanced Food Systems http://www.afsnj.com/] Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier, viscosifier in 26

Part I: Trade Name Reference various sauces Acumer® 1000 [Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Partial sodium salt of polyacrylic acid, 20% neutralized See Sodium polyacrylate CAS 9003-04-7 Uses: Scale inhibitor for boiler water (food contact) Features: Inhibits deposition of calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, etc.; effective over wide range of pH, water hardness, and temps.; exc. freeze-thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 176.170, 176.180 Properties: Colorless to straw-colored cl. to sl. hazy homogeneous sol'n.; sol. in brine sol'ns.; m.w. 2000 (avg.); dens. 10.3 lb/gal; visc. 100400 cps; pH 3.2-4.0; 47-49% total solids Toxicology: Sl. eye and skin irritant Storage: Can develop sl. hazy appearance after long-term cold storage, and cause separation; does not impair performance, but recommend that prod. not freeze in order to avoid remixing Acumer® 1510 [Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylic acid homopolymer colloidal sol'n. CAS 9003-01-4 Uses: Dispersant for boiler water (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 176.170 Properties: Colorless cl. visc. liq.; infinite dilutability with water; m.w. ≈ 60,000; visc. 160 cps; pH ≈ 2 (5% aq.); 25% solids Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 3 g/kg; causes eye damage and sl. skin irritation; vapors may be irritating to eyes and respiratory tract, and cause headache and nausea in poorly ventilated areas Acumer® 1850 [Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium salt of polycarboxylate See Sodium polycarboxylate CAS 37199-81-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Scale inhibitor for boiler water (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170 Properties: M.w. 30,000; pH 9-10.8; 23% act. Acumer® 9300 [Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium polyacrylate CAS 9003-04-7 Uses: Scale inhibitor for boiler water (food contact) Features: Inhibits deposition of calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, etc.; effective over wide range of pH, water hardness, and temps.; exc. freeze-thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 176.170, 176.180 Properties: Colorless to straw-colored cl. to sl. hazy homogeneous sol'n.; sol. in brine sol'ns.; m.w. 4500; dens. 11.1 lb/gal; visc. 500-1200 cps; pH 6.5-8.0; 44-46% total solids Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Environmental: LC50 (daphnia, 48 h) > 1000 ppm, (trout, 96 h) 700 ppm, (sunfish, 96 h) > 1000 ppm ADA Tablets [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Azodicarbonamide plus other edible excipients Uses: Oxidizing agent, dough conditioner for foods Features: Increases loaf volume and improves crumb structure Properties: Yel. tablets Use Level: 5-25 ppm; each tablet provides 20 ppm azodicarbonamide/100 lb flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 6 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Adekanol B-3009A [Adeka Fine Chem. http://www.adk.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Nonsilicone Uses: Antifoam in food Adeka Propylene Glycol (P) [Adeka Fine Chem. http://www.adk.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol CAS 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-338-0 Uses: Pharmaceutical grade for food additives 27

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: APHA > 10 color; sp.gr. 1.037-1.039 Adi-pure® [Invista http://www.invista.com] Chem. Descrip.: High purity adipic acid CAS 124-04-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-673-3 Uses: Acidulant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1009 Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst. powd.; sol. 2.5% in water; m.w. 146.14; dens. 1.34 (18 C); bulk dens. 40-45 lb/ft3 (loose); melt visc. 4.54 cP (160 C); vapor pressure 0.106 mm Hg; m.p. 152-153 C; b.p. 337 C with decomp.; flash pt. (TCC) 196 C; pH 3.2 (1 g/l in water); > 99.9% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mice) 1900 mg/kg; sl. acute toxicity; eye and upper respiratory tract irritant; mild skin irritant Environmental: aquatic toxicity LC50 (fathead minnows, 96 h) 88 mg/l Precaution: Combustible; under severe dusting conditions may form explosive mixts. in air; incompat. with strong oxidants; slowly decomp. above b.p. Storage: Store in well ventilated area in tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, flames; avoid dust generation Adjuzyme® [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Uses: Brewing enzyme for low-calorie beer Properties: Liq. ADM Clintose® A [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 8.5% moisture; ash 100 ppm CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener for use in baking, canning,beverages, and dry mixes Features: High fermentability, high osmotic pressure, natural flavor enhancement Properties: Wh. particles; mild sweet taste; particle size 85% thru #50 screen, 20% thru #200 screen; 99.7% dextrose ADM Clintose® CR 10 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: Moisture 5% CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Binder, solubilizer, crystal growth inhibitor, viscosifier, bodying agent, film former in food applics. Features: Nonhygroscopic; nonsweet, nutritive Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

saccharide Regulatory: USP, FCC, GRAS, FDA 21 CFR 184.1444 Properties: Wh. powd.., odorless, bland taste; 90% min. through #60 mesh sieve; 80% min. through #100 mesh sieve; dens. 34.0 lbs/ft3; pH 4.7 (20% sol'n.); 96.5% tri-, tetra-, and higher saccharides Toxicology: Inh. may cause irritation Precaution: Wear safety glasses; flammable dust when finely divided and suspended in air; keep away from sources of ignition; avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None ADM Clintose® CR 15 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: Moisture 5% CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Binder, solubilizer, crystal growth inhibitor, viscosifier, bodying agent, film former in food applics. Features: Nonhygroscopic; nonsweet, nutritive saccharide Regulatory: USP, FCC, GRAS, FDA 21 CFR 184.1444 Properties: Wh. powd.., odorless, bland taste; 90% min. through #60 mesh sieve; 80% min. through #100 mesh sieve; dens. 35.0 lbs/ft3; pH 4.7 (20% sol'n.); 99.7% act., 8.5% moisture Toxicology: Inh. may cause irritation Precaution: Wear safety glasses; flammable dust when finely divided and suspended in air; keep away from sources of ignition; avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None ADM Clintose® CR 18 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: Moisture 5% CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Binder, solubilizer, crystal growth inhibitor, viscosifier, bodying agent, film former in food applics. Features: Nonhygroscopic; nonsweet, nutritive saccharide Regulatory: USP, FCC, GRAS, FDA 21 CFR 184.1444 Properties: Wh. powd.., odorless, bland taste; 90% min. through #60 mesh sieve; 80% min. 28

Part I: Trade Name Reference through #100 mesh sieve; dens. 37.0 lbs/ft3; pH 4.7 (20% sol'n.); 99.7% act., 8.5% moisture Toxicology: Inh. may cause irritation Precaution: Wear safety glasses; flammable dust when finely divided and suspended in air; keep away from sources of ignition; avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None ADM Clintose CR 24 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin, maltose (7.0%), dextrose (7.0%) See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 5% max. moisture CAS 9050-36-6; 69-79-4; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4; 200-716-5; 200075-1 Uses: F.p. depressant, sweetness adjuster, binder, crystal growth inhibitor, bodying agent, film-former in instant beverage mixes, sports drinks, soft and flavored drinks, meat, dairy prods., baked goods, frozen foods, salad dressings, sauces, confections Features: Exceptionally bland flavor and color profile; excellent clarity and stability, neutral color and flavor; low browning tendency Properties: Water-wh., neutral taste; bulk dens. 37.0 lb/ft.3;pH (20%sol'n.) 4.5; 86% tri-, tetra-, and higher saccharides ADM Clintose® Dextrose A [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Refined dextrose See Glucose Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8.5%; sulfated ash 0.02% CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener, flavoring agent, flavor enhancer for foods, baking, confections, canning Features: Features mild sweetness, high fermentability, negative heat of sol'n., high osmotic pressure Regulatory: USP, FCC, FDA 21 CFR 168.110, 168.111 Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst., odorless, bland sweet taste; 99% min. through #16 screen; dens. 34.0 lbs/ft3; 99.7% act., 8.5% moisture Toxicology: Inh. may cause irritation Precaution: Avoid ignition sources where fine Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dusts are generated ADM Clintose® Dextrose C [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Refined dextrose See Glucose Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8.5%; sulfated ash 0.02% CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener, flavoring agent, flavor enhancer for foods, baking, confections, canning Features: Features mild sweetness, high fermentability, negative heat of sol'n., high osmotic pressure Regulatory: USP, FCC, FDA 21 CFR 168.110, 168.111 Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst., odorless, bland sweet taste; 99% min. through #16 screen; 25% min. through #200 screen; 50% sol. in water @ R.T.; dens. 34.0 lbs/ft3; m.p. 83 C; 8.5% moisture Toxicology: Inh. may cause irritation Precaution: Avoid ignition sources where fine dusts are generated Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO vapors Storage: Store @ R.T. ADM Clintose® Dextrose F [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Refined dextrose See Glucose Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8.5%; sulfated ash 0.02% CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener, flavoring agent, flavor enhancer for foods, baking, confections, canning Features: Features mild sweetness, high fermentability, negative heat of sol'n., high osmotic pressure Regulatory: USP, FCC, FDA 21 CFR 168.110, 168.111 Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst., odorless, bland sweet taste; 98% min. through #60 screen; 50% min. through #200 screen; 50% sol. in water @ R.T.; dens. 34.0 lbs/ft3; m.p. 83 C; 8.5% moisture Toxicology: Inh. may cause irritation Precaution: Wear dust mask if dust is nuisance; 29

Part I: Trade Name Reference avoid ignition sources where fine dusts are generated Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO vapors Storage: Store @ R.T. ADM Clintose® Dextrose Greens [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose syrup See Glucose, liquid Chem. Analysis: Dry substance 83.6%; sulfated ash 0.02% CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in production of caramel color, food applications, and in fermentations Features: Economical source of dextrose affording the advantages of liq. handling Regulatory: USP, FCC, FDA 21 CFR 184.1866 GRAS Properties: Water-wh. to cl. yel. liq. characteristic odor; sweet taste; sol. in water; sp. gr. 1.35; pH 4.2 Toxicology: Nontoxic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store @ 130 F to avoid crystallizations ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Refined dextrose See Glucose Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8.5%; sulfated ash 0.02% CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener, flavoring agent, flavor enhancer for foods, baking, confections, canning Features: Where fine particle size is required; features mild sweetness, high fermentability, negative heat of sol'n., high osmotic pressure Regulatory: USP, FCC, FDA 21 CFR 168.110, 168.111 Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst., odorless, bland sweet taste; 95% min. through #100 screen; 60-90% min. through #200 screen; 50% sol. in water @ R.T.; dens. 34.0 lbs/ft3; m.p. 83 C; 8.5% moisture Toxicology: Inh. may cause irritation Precaution: Wear dust mask if dust is nuisance; avoid ignition sources where fine dusts are generated Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO vapors Storage: Store @ R.T. ADM Clintose F [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 8.5% moisture; ash 100 ppm CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener for use in baking, canning, beverages, and dry mixes Features: High fermentability, high osmotic pressure, natural flavor enhancement Properties: Wh.fine particles; mild sweet taste; particle size 98% thru #50 screen, 60% thru #100 screen; 99.7% dextrose ADM Clintose® VF [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose See Glucose Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8.5%; sulfated ash 0.02% CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener featuring mild sweetness, natural flavor enhancement, high fermentability, high osmotic pressure; for baking, confections, canning Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR 168.110, 168.111 Properties: Wh., crystalline powd.; 99% through 100 mesh, 75% through 200 mesh; bland, sweet taste; odorless; 50% sol. in water @ 68 F; m.p. 83 C Toxicology: Inh. may cause irritation Precaution: Avoid ignition sources where fine dusts are generated Storage: Store @ R.T. with 50% relative humidity ADM Cream Acid Salt [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate, corn starch, monocalcium phosphate, and calcium sulfate See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Corn (Zea mays) starch Uses: Leavening agent for baking Features: Can be combined with baking soda to produce a complete baking powd. Storage: 18 mos. shelf life, best when used before 12mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing 30

Part I: Trade Name Reference .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose syrup and Fructose See Glucose, liquid Chem. Analysis: Moisture ≈ 23%; solids ≈ 76.7% CAS 8029-43-4; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener, humectant, crystallization control agent, viscosity reducer, flavor enhancer, flavor and color development aid, texture softener, water activity reducer, and freeze point depressant in foods; infant foods, sweet-meat, chocolates, condensed milk, jams and jellies Properties: Cl. lt. straw-colored liq. characteristic odor; sweet taste; completely misc. in water; sp. gr. 1.35; visc. 1100 cps;b.p. 226 F; pH 4.04.9 Toxicology: Nontoxic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store @ 95-105 F Admul CSL 2010 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium stearoyl lactylate CAS 5793-94-2; EINECS/ELINCS 227-335-7 Uses: Bread improver, antistaling agent, dough conditioner Properties: Powd.; anionic; 100% conc. Admul Datem 1005 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoglyceride diacetylated tartaric acid esters See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides CAS 91052-81-2 Uses: Emulsifier, dough conditioner for foods, baked prods. Properties: Paste, powd., microbead; HLB 8.0; anionic; 100% conc. Admul Emulsponge 5306 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoglycerides blend See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent for foods, sponge cakes, ice cream mixes Properties: Powd.; HLB 4.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Admul GLP 2033 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactic acid ester of monoglycerides See Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, shortenings, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

toppings, and desserts Properties: Flake.; nonionic; 100% conc. Admul MG 40-04 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoglycerides See Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, bakery prods., margarine, shortenings, creams, desserts, ice cream Properties: Microbead; HLB 4.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Admul MG 42-04 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoglycerides See Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, bakery prods., margarine, shortenings, creams, desserts, ice cream Properties: Microbead; HLB 4.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Admul MG 44-04 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoglycerides See Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Food emulsifier used in bakery prods., margarines, shortenings, creams, desserts, ice cream Properties: Microbead; HLB 4.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Admul MG 60-04 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monodiglycerides See Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, bakery prods., margarine, shortenings, creams, desserts, ice cream Properties: Microbead; HLB 4.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Admul PGE 1405 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl ester Uses: Emulsifier and aerating agent for foods, syn. creams Features: Strong w/o props. and good aerating props. Properties: Microbead; HLB 5.0-6.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Admul PGE 1410 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl ester Uses: Emulsifier and aerating agent for 31

Part I: Trade Name Reference foods, syn. creams Features: Strong w/o props. and good aerating props. Properties: Paste; HLB 6.9; nonionic; 100% conc. Admul SSL 1078 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium stearoyl lactylate CAS 25383-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 246-929-7 Uses: O/w emulsifier for foods; bread improver, antistaling agent Properties: Free-flowing powd.; anionic; 100% conc. Admul SSL 2012 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium stearoyl lactylate CAS 25383-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 246-929-7 Uses: O/w emulsifier for foods; bread improver Properties: Flake; anionic; 100% conc. Admul WOL 1403 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglycerol polyricinoleate See Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate Uses: Visc. modifier in chocolate; pan release agent Properties: Liq.; nonionic; 100% conc. Adocloud N-100 [Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il] Chem. Descrip.: Citrus water extract, vegetable oil Uses: Clouding agent for beverages, natural juices Features: All natural; general purpose; produces stable cloudy emulsions; dilutable; thermodynamically stable; high cloud; no bitterness or off-flavors Adocream AP-66 [Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il] Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for low-fat ice cream and sherbets Features: Partially integrated Adocream KS-56P [Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il] Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for ice cream Features: Rec. for premium grade ice cream with > 12% veg. fat or butterfat; gives smooth creamy texture, exc. overrun stability, and freeze/thaw stability

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Adocream Z-86 [Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il] Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for ice cream Features: Rec. for med. grade ice cream prepared from 6-10% veg. fat or butterfat Adox® 3125 [Int'l. Dioxcide http://www.idiclo2.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chlorite aq. sol'n. CAS 7758-19-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-836-6 UN 1908 Uses: In mech. generation of chlorine dioxide for biological control in food processing; ClO2 used as disinfectant and oxidant in bleaching flour, sanitizing of food processing equip., poultry chiller water and meat processing plants Regulatory: EPA reg. no. 9150-7; GRAS; ANSI/NSF 60 certified Properties: Pale yel. cl. liq.; faint bleach-like odor; misc. in water; m.w. 90.45; sp.gr. 1.23 (20 C); dens. 10.2 lb/gal; f.p. -4.5 C; b.p. 103.6 C; pH 12.5-13; 25% conc. in water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 165 mg/kg; skin irritant; severe eye irritant; possible permanent eye damage; inh. irritates nose and throat; ing. irritates GI tract; may cause vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, pain, liver/kidney/blood cell damage Precaution: Corrosive; does not burn but combustibles wetted with prod. and subsequently dried are easily ignited and burn vigorously; incompat. with reducing agents, sulfur-contg. materials, powd. metals, ammonium compds., acids Hazardous Ingredients: Sodium chlorite (25%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Reacts on mixing with acids to give toxic chlorine dioxide and chlorine gas; residues will give off oxygen on being heated strongly HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, dry, fireproof building; keep away from combustibles and acids Adox® 8125 [Int'l. Dioxcide http://www.idiclo2.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chlorite CAS 7758-19-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-836-6 UN 1908 Uses: Antimicrobial for food processing Regulatory: EPA reg. no. 9150-7; GRAS; ANSI/NSF 60 certified Properties: Pale grn. cl. liq.; faint bleach-like odor; misc. in water; m.w. 90.45; sp.gr. 1.24 32

Part I: Trade Name Reference (20 C); f.p. -9 C; b.p. 106 C; pH 12.5-13; 25% conc. in water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 165 mg/kg; skin irritant; severe eye irritant; possible permanent eye damage; inh. irritates nose and throat; ing. irritates GI tract; may cause vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, pain, liver/kidney/blood cell damage Precaution: Corrosive; does not burn but combustibles wetted with prod. and subsequently dried are easily ignited and burn vigorously; incompat. with reducing agents, sulfur-contg. materials, powd. metals, ammonium compds., acids Hazardous Ingredients: Sodium chlorite (25%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Reacts on mixing with acids to give toxic chlorine dioxide and chlorine gas; residues will give off oxygen on being heated strongly HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, dry, fireproof building; keep away from combustibles and acids Advanta-GEL™ P75 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: pregelatinized potato-based functional native starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Viscosifier, texturizer in instant pie fillings, various baked goods Features: Exc. moisture retention Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §182.1 Properties: Wh. powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; sp. gr. 1.5 Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Wear safety glasses, gloves; nuisance dust with dust explosion possibilities Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, nitrogen, unidentified org. compds., water Storage: Store @ ambient temps. in clean, dry, well-ventilated area Aerion BV 50 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk-based Uses: Instant topping base used for products such as decoration cream, mousse, instant ice cream, milk shake and cake filling, neutral ready-to-eat desserts, e.g., chocolate mousse and bavaroise Features: Economical; label-friendly and Enumber free Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Storage @ > 22 C negatively influences whipping properties Aerion DP 40 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Uses: Instant topping base for prods. such as decoration cream, mousse, instant ice cream, milk shake and cake filling, neutral ready-to-eat desserts, e.g., chocolate mousse and bavaroise Features: Exc. whipping properties, even at lower dosages; cannot be overwhipped; whipping with water or milk up to 18 C is possible; moisture uptake hardly influences the whipping props. Properties: Neutral flavor Storage: Storage at temperatures > 22 C negatively influences the whipping props. Aerion DP 41 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Uses: Instant topping base for prods. such as decoration cream, mousse, instant ice cream, milk shake and cake filling Features: Exc. whipping props., even at lower dosages; cannot be overwhipped; whipping with water or milk up to 18 C is possible; moisture uptake hardly influences the whipping props.; in crème chantilly has short texture, firm consistency, and optimal taste Properties: Neutral flavor Storage: Not sensitive to extreme storage temps. (10-30 C), provided that the product is tempered at 20 C before use Aerion DP 73 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Uses: Instant topping base for prods. such as decoration cream, mousse, instant ice cream, milk shake and cake filling, yogurt mousse, and yogurt or cheese cake fillings, vegetarian prods. Features: Exc. whipping props., even at lower dosages; cannot be overwhipped; whipping with water, yogurt, or milk up to 35 C is possible; moisture uptake hardly influences the whipping props.; recommended for a wide variety of neutral and low pH applics. Properties: Dissolves in milk Storage: Not sensitive to extreme storage temps. (10-30 C), provided that the product is tempered at 20 C before use Aerobake® M19 [Albright & Wilson Australia http://www.albright.com.au] Chem. Descrip.: Specially formulated, 33

Part I: Trade Name Reference concentrated, double-acting baking powd. based on phosphate aerators, sodium bicarbonate, and flour CAS 144-55-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-633-8 Uses: Baking powder for use by flour millers in self-raising flour Features: Conc., double-acting Aerobake® P17 [Albright & Wilson Australia http://www.albright.com.au] Chem. Descrip.: baking powder Uses: Single-acting baking powder for use for commercial pastry Features: Conc.; high levels of CO2 yield Aeromix® G [Albright & Wilson Australia http://www.albright.com.au] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of food-grade phosphate aerators based on sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Aerator specifically designed for doughnuts Features: Used where medium dough rate of reaction is required; reaction rate adjusted to suit donut mechanical production. Aeromix® M [Albright & Wilson Australia http://www.albright.com.au] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of food-grade phosphate aerators based on sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Aerator specifically designed for packet mixes and flours Features: Gives the correct aerating performance and controls the pH of the product; forms the basis of self-raising flour when combined with sodium bicarbonate in the flour Aeroperl® 300 Pharma [Degussa/Aerosil & Silanes http://www.aerosil.com; http://www.sivento-silanes.com; Degussa AG/Aerosil & Silanes; Eigenmann & Veronelli http://www.eigver.it] Chem. Descrip.: Fumed silica See Silica, fumed Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (> 99.8%), CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, flow aid for foods Features: High absorp. capacity Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; 30 nm avg. particle size; hardly sol. in water; dens., tapped ≈ 280 g/l surf. area ≈ 300 m2/g; m.p. ≈ 1700 C; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pH 3.5-5.5 (40 g/l suspension) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10,000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; noncarcinogenic; nonmutagenic Environmental: EC50 (daphnia magna, 24 h) > 10,000 mg/l Precaution: Wear safety goggles Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: 2 yr shelf life; store in closed containers under dry conditions protected from volatile substances Aerophos® P [Albright & Wilson Australia http://www.albright.com.au] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Chemical aerator used when a slow reaction is required, e.g., for baking powd., self-raising flour, and prepared mixes Features: Aids in extending shelf life in dry mixes and gives controlled release of carbon dioxide in doughs Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; 0.2% +250 µm particle size, 1% +150 µm; m.w. 221.94; pH 4.1 (1%); 98% acidity, 4% orthophosphate Toxicology: Avoid inhaling dust, prolonged skin contact Storage: Store in cool, dry place Aerophos XA [Albright & Wilson Australia http://www.albright.com.au] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium phosphate monobasic See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate CAS 7758-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-837-1 Uses: Chemical aerator, esp. for crumpets and biscuits, where very fast dough rate of reaction is required; nutrient Regulatory: FCC, Australian compliance Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd. Toxicology: Avoid inhaling dust, prolonged skin contact Storage: Store in cool, dry place Aerophos® XA [Albright & Wilson Australia http://www.albright.com.au] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium phosphate monobasic, anhydrous See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous CAS 7758-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-837-1 Uses: Chemical aerator and leavening agent used when a fast reaction is required, e.g., quick-cook applics. 34

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Used in conjunction with slower-acting aerators to give an optimum leavening agent Aerosil® 380 [Degussa/Aerosil & Silanes http://www.aerosil.com; http://www.siventosilanes.com; Degussa AG/Aerosil & Silanes; Eigenmann & Veronelli http://www.eigver.it] Chem. Descrip.: Fumed silica See Silica, fumed Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (> 99.8%), Al2O3 (< 0.05%), TiO2 (< 0.03%) CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Filler for direct and indirect food applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.146(b), 160.105(a)(d), 172.230(a), 172.480, 173.340(a), 175, 176, 177, 573.940 Properties: Wh. fluffy powd.; 7 nm avg. particle size; sp.gr. 2.2; dens. ≈ 120 g/l (densed); surf. area 380±30 m2/g; pH 3.6-4.3 (4% aq. susp.) Toxicology: TLV 10 mg/m3 total dust; LD50 > 20,000 mg/kg; may cause eye, skin, or respiratory tract irritation on overexposure Precaution: Incompat. with strong bases and hydrofluoric acid AeroWhip® Foam Stabilizer [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropylcellulose Chem. Analysis: 5.0 max. moisture (as packed); 0.5% max. ash CAS 9004-64-2 Uses: Foam stabilizer and syneresis control agent for use in dairy and nondairy whipped toppings Features: Increased overrun; improved body and mouthfeel; processing efficiency Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.870; E463 Properties: Wh. to off-wh. granular solid;sol. in most polar organic solvents; sol. in water < 38 C; insol. in water > 45C; sp. gr. 1.010; pH 5.08.0 (in water) AF 10 FG [Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydimethylsiloxane CAS 9016-00-6 Uses: Antifoam for foods, poultry, and meat processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 40CFR §180.1001c,d; kosher Properties: Wh. liq.; disp. in water; sp.gr. 1.00; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; flash pt. > 212 F (PMCC); pH 4-5 (1% aq.); nonionic; 10% act. AF 30 FG [Harcros Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.harcroschem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydimethylsiloxane CAS 9016-00-6 Uses: Antifoam for foods, poultry, and meat processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 40CFR §180.1001c,d; kosher Properties: Wh. liq.; water-disp.; sp.gr. 1.01; dens. 8.4 lb/gal; flash pt. (PMCC) > 212 F; pH 4-5 (1% aq.); nonionic; 30% act. AF 100 FG [Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone antifoam Uses: Antifoam for foods, edible oils, meat and poultry processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 40CFR §180.1001c,d; kosher Properties: Translucent liq.; sol. in aliphatic, aromatic, and chlorinated solvs.; insol. in water; sp.gr. 1.01; dens. 8.4 lb/gal; pour pt. < 0 F; flash pt. (PMCC) > 600 F; 100% conc. AF 8805 FG [Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone antifoam Uses: Antifoam for foods, poultry, and meat processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 40CFR §180.1001c,d; kosher Properties: Wh. liq.; water-disp.; sp.gr. 1.00; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; flash pt. (PMCC) > 212 F; pH 4-5 (1% aq.); nonionic; 5% act. AF 8810 FG [Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone antifoam Uses: Antifoam for foods, poultry, and meat processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 40CFR §180.1001c,d; kosher Properties: Wh. liq.; sp.gr. 1.00; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; flash pt. (PMCC) > 212 F; pH 4-5 (1% aq.); nonionic; 10% act. AF 8820 FG [Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone antifoam Uses: Antifoam for foods, poultry, and meat processing Features: Dilutable Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 40CFR §180.1001c,d; kosher Properties: Wh. liq.; water-disp.; sp.gr. 1.00; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; flash pt. (PMCC) > 212 F; pH 4-5 (1% aq.); nonionic; 20% act. 35

Part I: Trade Name Reference AF 8830 FG [Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone antifoam Uses: Antifoam for foods, poultry, and meat processing Regulatory: FDA §173.340, 40CFR §180.1001c,d; kosher Properties: Wh. liq.; water-disp.; sp.gr. 1.00; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; flash pt. (PMCC) > 212 F; pH 4-5 (1% aq.); nonionic; 30% act. AF 9000 [GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Harwick Std. Distrib. http://www.harwickstandard.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone and silica Uses: Defoamer in nonaq. direct and indirect food additives (corn oil mfg., deep-fat frying, esterification of veg. oils) Regulatory: FDA, USDA compliance; kosher Properties: Gray; sol. in aliphatic, aromatic, and chlorinated solvs.; sp.gr. 1.01; dens. 8.4 lb/gal; visc. 2500 cps; flash pt. (OC) 315 C; 100% Si Storage: 12 mos. storage life when stored in original unopened containers @ 16-23 C; use mild agitation prior to use to disperse solids uniformly AF 9010 [GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Harwick Std. Distrib. http://www.harwickstandard.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone, PEG stearate, sorbitan stearate, and silica emulsion Uses: Defoamer for aq. systems, food applics. (fruit and vegetable processing, jam and jelly making, wine prod., fermentation processes), Features: Easy disp., dilutable with water, exc. foam control Regulatory: FDA, USDA, kosher compliance; EPA approved Properties: Wh. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.01; visc. 1500 cps; nonionic; 10% act. silicone solids Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in original container above 4-27 C AF 9020 [GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Harwick Std. Distrib. http://www.harwickstandard.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone, PEG stearate, sorbitan stearate, and silica aq. emulsion Uses: Defoamer for food processing (fermentation, brine systems, wine, yeast, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

etc.) Regulatory: FDA, USDA compliance; kosher; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d) exempt Properties: Wh. emulsion; disp. in warm or cold water with mild agitation; sp.gr. 1.01; dens. 8.4 lb/gal; visc. 3500 cps; fermentation, brine systems, chewing gum base, fruit processing, instant coffee, cheese whey, jelly, pickle, potato, rice, sauce, soft drink, veg., yeast, and wine processing, sugar refining, syrups; nonionic; 20% silicone, 28.75% solids Storage: 12 mos. storage life when stored in original unopened container at 4-27 C AF 9030 [GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Harwick Std. Distrib. http://www.harwickstandard.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone, PEG stearate, sorbitan stearate, and silica emulsion Uses: Defoamer for aq. systems, food applics. (fruit and vegetable processing, jam and jelly making, wine prod., fermentation processes) Features: Easy disp., dilutable with water, exc. foam control Regulatory: FDA, USDA, kosher compliance; EPA approved Properties: Wh. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.01; visc. 5000 cps; nonionic; 30% act. silicone solids Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in original container above 4-27 C AF HL-36 [Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com] Uses: Antifoam for fermentation, processing beet sugar and yeast, distillation Features: Nonsilicone Regulatory: FDA §173.340(a)(3); kosher Properties: Cl. liq.; water-disp.; sp.gr. 1.00; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; flash pt. (PMCC) > 300 F; 100% act. AFC AS 300 P [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch,and Norbixin See Food starch, modified Uses: Colorant in baked goods and low-pH beverages to achieve yellow to orange-red colors Features: Acid-stable Properties: Orange fine powd.; sol. in aq. systems @ pH 2-14 AFC AS 920 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Annatto tree extract (Bixa orellana) in a carrier of polysorbate 80, 36

Part I: Trade Name Reference propylene glycol, and potassium hydroxide See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Uses: Antiprecipitant, colorant in cheese prods., beverages, and confections Properties: Liq. AFC OS 460 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Annatto tree extract (Bixa orellana) in soybean oil, propylene glycol, and potassium hydroxide See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; Potassium hydroxide; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Uses: Colorant for cheese prods., snack foods, beverages, and confections AFC OWS 550 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Annatto tree extract (Bixa orellana), in propylene glycol, vegetable oil, glyceryl oleate, and potassium hydroxide See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Uses: Colorant for baked goods, process cheese and cheese prods., and confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.30; DOT nonregulated; SARA acute health hazard; Canada DSL, Australia AICS, Japan MITI listed or exempt Properties: Brn. visc. liq.; char. odor; sol. in oil; disp. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; b.p. 187-229 C; flash pt. (CC) > 93 C Toxicology: Can cause irritation to eyes, skin; inh. of mists may cause upper respiratory tract irritation; ing. may cause nausea, abdominal pain; may cause allergic reactions; TSCA listed Precaution: Will burn Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: COx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a sanitary, dry, cool area in tightly closed containers; avoid freezing AFC WOS 550 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Annatto tree extract (Bixa orellana), propylene glycol, glyceryl oleate, potassium hydroxide See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Uses: Colorant for baked goods, process cheese and cheese prods., ice cream, and confections Properties: Water-sol. AFC WS 445 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Annatto tree extract (Bixa orellana), water, potassium hydroxide, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

castor oil (≤ 0.55%) See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Uses: Colorant for baked goods, cheeses and cheese prods., cereals, snack foods, coffee creamers, sausage casings, seasoning, and ice cream Properties: Water-sol. AFC WS 890 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Annatto tree extract (Bixa orellana), water, potassium hydroxide, castor oil (≤ 0.5%) See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Uses: Colorant for baked goods, cheeses and cheese prods., cereals, snack foods, coffee creamers, sausage casings, seasoning, and ice cream Properties: Sol. in water AFC WS 4600P [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Annatto tree extract (Bixa orellana), potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Uses: Colorant for baked goods, cereals, snack foods, seasonings Properties: Powd.; sol. in water Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agar agar See Agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, gellant for chiffon pies, meringues, pie fillings, icings, toppings, cookies, Neufchatel cream cheeses, yogurt, chocolate milk drinks, sherbets, jelly candies, sweets, poultry/meat canning, jams; antistaling agent for breads Properties: Water-sol. Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agar agar See Agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, gellant for chiffon pies, meringues, pie fillings, icings, toppings, cookies, Neufchatel cream cheeses, yogurt, chocolate milk drinks, sherbets, jelly candies, sweets, poultry/meat canning, jams; antistaling agent for breads 37

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Water-sol. Agar Agar NF S-150-B Powdered [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agar agar See Agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, gellant for chiffon pies, meringues, pie fillings, icings, toppings, cookies, Neufchatel cream cheeses, yogurt, chocolate milk drinks, sherbets, jelly candies, sweets, poultry/meat canning, jams; antistaling agent for breads Properties: Water-sol. Agar Agar S-100 [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agar agar See Agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, gellant for chiffon pies, meringues, pie fillings, icings, toppings, cookies, Neufchatel cream cheeses, yogurt, chocolate milk drinks, sherbets, jelly candies, sweets, poultry/meat canning, jams; antistaling agent for breads Properties: Water-sol. Agnique FOH SA-20 [Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com] Chem. Descrip.: Steareth-20 CAS 9005-00-9 Uses: Emulsifier for fruit coatings Regulatory: EPA exempt Properties: Gardner 1 solid; sol. in water, xylene; HLB 15.3; m.p. 40 C; cloud pt. 91 C (5% saline); flash pt. 460 F; nonionic Agnique GLY 96 [Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin CP/USP CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Visc. modifier, flavor enhancer, solvent, humectant, thickener, and solubilizer in foods Regulatory: EPA-exempt; SARA nonreportable Properties: Water-wh. visc. liq.; odorless; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.2517; m.p. 18 C; b.p. 171 C; pour pt. 18 C; flash pt. (CC) 199 C; 96.0% min. glycerol Toxicology: TLV:TWA 10 mg/m3 (mist); LD50 (oral, rat) 12.6 g/kg; mild eye irritant, moderate skin irritant; inhalation of mist may cause respiratory irritation; TSCA listed Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; avoid excessive heat, open flames; incompat. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

with strong acids and oxidizers Agnique GLY 99-U [Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin CP/USP CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Visc. modifier, flavor enhancer, solvent, humectant, thickener, and solubilizer in foods Regulatory: EPA exempt Properties: Water-wh. visc. liq.; odorless; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.2607; m.p. 18 C; b.p. 171 C; pour pt. 18 C; flash pt. (CC) 199 C; 99.5% min. glycerol Toxicology: TLV:TWA 10 mg/m3 (mist); LD50 (oral, rat) 12.6 g/kg; mild eye irritant, moderate skin irritant; inhalation of mist may cause respiratory irritation Storage: Store in cool, dry area; avoid excessive heat, open flames; incompat. with strong acids and oxidizers Ajax® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate FCC See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate CAS 10031-30-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-837-1 Uses: Leavening agent for baking powd., selfrising flour, pancake flour, prepared mixes; ingred. in bread improvers, mfg. of cookies, crackers; acidulant in bread; acidulant and buffer in dry beverage mixes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1217 Properties: Brilliant wh. free-flowing cryst.; 93% through 100 mesh, 12% through 200 mesh; m.w. 252.2; bulk dens. 71 lb/ft3; neutralizing value 80; pH 3.7 (1%); 15.9-17% assay (Ca) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 17500 mg/kg; TSCA listed NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. shelf life; store in cool, dry place in closed containers Ajitide™ GMP [Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomoto-usa.com; http://www.ajichem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Disodium 5' guanlyate See Disodium guanylate Chem. Analysis: Arsenic ≤ 1 mg/kg; heavy metals < 10 mg/kg; lead < 10 mg/kg Uses: Flavor enhancer for foods Properties: Colorless to wh. crystals or powd.; odorless; char. taste; m.w. 147.19; pH 7.0-8.5 Ajitide™ I+G [Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomoto-usa.com; 38

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.ajichem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Disodium 5' inosinate and Disodium 5' guanlyate See Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate Chem. Analysis: Arsenic < 1 mg/kg; heavy metals < 10 mg/kg; lead < 10 mg/kg Uses: Flavor enhancer for foods Properties: Colorless to wh. crystals or powd.; odorless; char. taste; pH 7.0-8.5 (1 in 20 sol'n) Ajitide™ IMP [Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomoto-usa.com; http://www.ajichem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Disodium 5' inosinate See Disodium inosinate Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 10 mg/kg max.; lead 10 mg/kg max.; barium 0.015% max.; arsenic 1 mg/kg max. Uses: Flavor enhancer for foods Features: Suppresses harsh flavors; synergistic with glutamates Properties: Colorless or wh. crystals or powd.; odorless; char. taste; m.w. 392.17; pH 7.0-8.5 (1:20 sol'n) Akorex C [Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated canola oils See Hydrogenated canola oil CAS 68334-28-1 Uses: Used as spray oil, in bakery prods., nutritional snacks Properties: Iodine no. 84 Akucell® AF 0305 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; odorless; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; bulk dens. 500-800 g/l; visc. 300-600 mPa·s; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 5% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 0705 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 500-2500 mPa·s; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 4% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 1505 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 1000-4000 mPa·s; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 3% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx 39

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 1605 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 1800-5000 mPa·s; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 3% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 1705 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 500-800 mPa·s; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 2% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Akucell® AF 1985 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 800-1600 mPa·s; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 2% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 2085 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 1600-3200 mPa·s; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 2% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package

40

Part I: Trade Name Reference Akucell® AF 2085F [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 1600-3200 mPa·s; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.) Use Level: 0.5-0.7% (yogurt drinks) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 2205 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 2500-4500 mPa·s; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 2% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 2405 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 6500-11,000 mPa·s; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 2% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 2782 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 98% min. through 60 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500-800 g/l; visc. 1600-3200 mPa·s; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 2785 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 41

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 1500-2500 mPa·s (1%); pH 6.58.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 1% conc. Use Level: 0.25% (soft ice cream); 0.10-0.30% (bakery prods.); 0.4-0.6% (deep frozen and fried prods.); 0.35% (creamy soups, sauces) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 2805 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 2500-4500 mPa·s (1%); pH 6.58.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 1% conc. Use Level: 0.10-0.30% (bakery prods.); 0.40.6% (deep frozen and fried prods.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 2982 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carboxymethyl cellulose (99.5-100%) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8% max.; lead 3 ppm max.; sodium chloride 0.15% max.; heavy metals 10 ppm max. CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 98% min. through 60 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500-800 g/l; visc. 5000-8000 mPa·s; autoignition temp. ≈ 250 C; pH 6.5-8.5 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Akucell® AF 2985 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 5000-8000 mPa·s (1%); pH 6.58.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 1% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 3085 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 42

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, crystallization retarder, moisture binder, fat absorp. reducer for foodstuffs (dairy prods., ice cream, frozen desserts, sauces, bakery prods., beverages, deep-frozen and fried prods.) Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 99.5% min. through 35 mesh; 60% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 500800 g/l; visc. 8000-12,000 mPa·s (1%); pH 6.58.5 (1% sol'n.); 99.5% min. act.; 1% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000-27,000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning produces NOx Storage: Keep closed, cool, and dry in orig. package Akucell® AF 3295 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Uses: Improves yield/bite, reduces syneresis in process meat; stabilizes proteins, release flavor, texturizer in fruit preparations; visc. control agent, volume increaser, moisture retention agent, freeze/thaw stabilizer in bakery prods.; body/mouthfeel,/flavor enhancer in beverages; mouthfeel enhancer, thickener, protein stabilizer, syneresis reducer in desserts; mouthfeel/body enhancer, suspension aid, temp. stabilizer in salad dressings, condiments, soups, sauces Regulatory: DOT not regulated; E-466 compliance; FDA 21 CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Properties: Sol. in water; visc. 6000-12,000 mPa·s Toxicology: TSCA listed Akwilox 133 [Am. Chem. Services] Chem. Descrip.: Brominated soybean oil CAS 68952-98-7 Uses: Visc. modifier in soft drinks Properties: Lt. amber liq.; bland odor, taste; sp.gr. 1.33; 100% act. Alanate Sodium Caseinate [Fonterra NZ Ingreds. http://www.fonterra.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium caseinate CAS 9005-46-3 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for nutritional applics. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Albrite® Dicalcium Phosphate [Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.] Chem. Descrip.: Dicalcium phosphate anhyd. USP, FCC See Calcium phosphate dibasic CAS 7757-93-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-826-1 Uses: Calcium and phosphorus source in foods for infants, invalids, and geriatric patients and in animal feeds Features: Noncombustible Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1217, 182.8217; DOT nonregulated; SARA nonreportable; EU, UK compliance Properties: Wh. fine powd.; 3% on 325 mesh; odorless; tasteless; insol. in water; m.w. 136.06; 97-105% assay; 7-8.5% loss on ignition; 28.5-30.8% calcium as CaO Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10,000 mg/kg; may cause eye irritation; may cause sl. transient skin irritation on prolonged contact; dusts may cause upper respiratory tract irritation; ing. of lg. amts. may cause abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None known HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers in cool, dry, sanitary area; protect packages from water and contamination Albrite® SAPP Food Grade [Albright & Wilson Australia http://www.albright.com.au] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate See Sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: For nonleavening applics., e.g., potato processing, general purpose buffering and acidifying agent, meat processing, cheese emulsifying salt Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; 0.2% +250 µm particle size, 1% +150 µm; m.w. 221.94; pH 4.1 (1%); 98% acidity, 5% orthophosphate Toxicology: Avoid inhaling dust, prolonged skin contact Storage: Store in cool, dry place Albrite® STPP-F [Albright & Wilson Australia http://www.albright.com.au] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate, food grade See Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 7758-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-694-5 Uses: Buffer, texturizer for processed meat, fish, and cheese; dispersant for fats; color retention aid Regulatory: FCC, Australian compliance 43

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; 3% +210 µm particle size, 39% +75 µm; m.w. 367.86; dens. 1.0 g/ml; pH 9.7 (1%); 94% act. Toxicology: Avoid inhaling dust, prolonged contact with skin Storage: Store in cool, dry place to avoid caking Albrite® STPP-FC [Albright & Wilson Australia http://www.albright.com.au] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate, food grade See Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 7758-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-694-5 Uses: Buffer, texturizer for processed meat, fish, and cheese; dispersant for fats; color retention aid Regulatory: FCC, Australian compliance Properties: Wh. coarse free-flowing powd.; 1% +500 µm particle size, 65% +75 µm; m.w. 367.86; dens. 0.55 g/ml; pH 9.7 (1%); 92% act. Toxicology: Avoid inhaling dust, prolonged contact with skin Storage: Store in cool, dry place to avoid caking Alcalase® [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bacterial protease CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Enzyme used in foods to improve functional, nutritional, and flavoring props. of proteins (milk protein modification) Alcohol Surfin Plus [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Grain alcohol See Alcohol CAS 64-17-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-578-6 Uses: Alcohol ingred. in beverages Features: Purest chemical and organoleptic props.; triple distilled Alcohol Warming - 3, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor enhancer for beverages Features: Makes 10 proof taste like 20 proof; gives the mouth warming and mouth presence of higher proof beverages; blends well with flavors Regulatory: GRAS; CFR §172.510; 21 CFR §101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless liq.; bland taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils, water Use Level: 0.01% Alcohol Warming - 4, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor enhancer for beverages Features: Makes 10 proof taste like 20 proof; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gives the mouth warming and mouth presence of higher proof beverages Regulatory: GRAS; CFR §172.510; 21 CFR §101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless liq.; bland taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils, water Use Level: 0.01% Alcohol Warming - 5, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor enhancer for beverages Features: Makes 10 proof taste like 20 proof; gives the mouth warming and mouth presence of higher proof beverages Regulatory: GRAS; CFR §172.510; 21 CFR §101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; bland taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils, water Use Level: 0.01% Alcohol Warming - 6, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor enhancer for beverages Features: Makes low proof alcohol taste like higher proof alcohol; gives the bite and mouth warming of higher proof beverages Regulatory: GRAS; CFR §172.510; 21 CFR §101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; bland taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils, water Use Level: 0.01% Alcolec® 30-A [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin with corn flour carrier See Corn (Zea mays) flour Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, antisticking agent, shelf life extender, mixing aid for baked goods, yeast buns, pie crusts, cakes, cookies Features: Facilitates dough handling, improves blending and mixing Regulatory: Kosher approved Alcolec® BS [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Single bleached lecithin FCC CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: W/o emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant, stabilizer, release agent, lubricant, foam suppressant, solubilizer for foods; choline source Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Gardner 14 max. liq.; acid no. 32 max.; HLB 4.0; nonionic; 1% max. moisture 44

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in original unopened container Alcolec® F-100 [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: De-oiled lecithin FCC CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; instantizing agent for milk powd., cocoa beverage powds., dessert powds., protein powds., gravy mixes, cake mixes, etc.; choline source Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Lt. tan/yel. powd., bland odor and taste; acid no. 36 max.; HLB 8.0; 1% max. moisture Use Level: 0.2-0.9% (as instantizer) Storage: Store below 25 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Alcolec® FF-100 [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: De-oiled lecithin FCC CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; instantizing agent for milk powd., cocoa beverage powds., dessert powds., protein powds., gravy mixes, cake mixes, etc.; choline source Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Lt. tan/yel. fine powd., bland odor and taste; acid no. 36 max.; HLB 8.0; 1% max. moisture Use Level: 0.2-0.9% as instantizer Storage: Store below 25 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Alcolec® Granules [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin FCC CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Wetting agent, release agent, o/w emulsifier, stabilizer, diet supplement in foods; instantizing agent for milk powd., cocoa beverage powds., protein powds., gravy mixes, cake mixes, etc.; choline source Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Lt. tan/yel. gran., bland odor and taste; disp. in water; sp.gr. 0.5; acid no. 36 max.; HLB 8.0; nonionic; 97% act., 1% max. moisture Environmental: biodegradable Precaution: Avoid sources of heat Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store below 25 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Alcolec® HWS [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxylated lecithin in a wheat starch carrier See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Improves pie crust, cakes, cake mixes, yeast-raised doughs; gluten conditioner; antisticking agent in prod. of biscuits, cookies, sugar wafers, cones Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Tan powd.; 1.2-1.5% oil content Use Level: 0.5-2.0% Storage: Store at 60-90 F; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Alcolec® PG [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oil-free lecithin containing 97% phospholipids CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: Virtually oil-free Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approval Properties: Sl. yel. waxy gran.; 1% max. moisture Storage: Store below 25 C; protect from light and moisture; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Alcolec® PS 20 P [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: powdered soybean Lecithin with Tricalciumphosphate (0.5% max.) as a flow agent See Calcium phosphate tribasic Chem. Analysis: 20% min. phosphatidylserine; 1.5% max. moisture CAS 8030-76-0; 7758-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 310-129-7; 231-840-8 Uses: Wetting agent, release agent, o/w emulsifier, stabilizer, nutritional supplements Regulatory: FDA §21 CFR 184.1400 GRAS Properties: Lt. tan/yel. powd.; disp. in water and paraffin (50 g/l); mild typical odor; dens. <1 g/cm3; pH 5-8 (10 g/l water); nonionic Environmental: biodegradable Precaution: Do not expose to direct heat or open fire; avoid strong oxidizers Storage: 2 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container; store @ R.T. 45

Part I: Trade Name Reference Alcolec® PS 40 P [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: powdered soybean Lecithin with Tricalciumphosphate (0.5% max.) as a flow agent See Calcium phosphate tribasic Chem. Analysis: 40% min. phosphatidylserine; 1.5% max. moisture CAS 8030-76-0; 7758-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 310-129-7; 231-840-8 Uses: Wetting agent, release agent, o/w emulsifier, stabilizer, nutritional supplements Regulatory: FDA §21 CFR 184.1400 GRAS Properties: Yelsh.-brown powd.; disp. in water and paraffin (50 g/l); mild typical odor; dens. <1 g/cm3; pH 5-8 (10 g/l water); nonionic Toxicology: 2 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container; store @ R.T. Environmental: biodegradable Precaution: Do not expose to direct heat or open fire; avoid strong oxidizers Storage: 2 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container protected from light; store @ cool temps. Alcolec® PS 50 P [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: powdered soybean Lecithin with Tricalciumphosphate (0.5% max.) as a flow agent See Calcium phosphate tribasic Chem. Analysis: 50% min. phosphatidylserine; 2.0% max. moisture CAS 8030-76-0; 7758-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 310-129-7; 231-840-8. Uses: Wetting agent, release agent, o/w emulsifier, stabilizer, nutritional supplements Regulatory: FDA §21 CFR 184.1400 GRAS Properties: Yelsh.-brown powd.; disp. in water and paraffin (50 g/l); mild typical odor; dens. <1 g/cm3; pH 5-8 (10 g/l water); nonionic Environmental: biodegradable Precaution: Do not expose to direct heat or open fire; avoid strong oxidizers Storage: 2 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container protected from light; store @ R.T. Alcolec® S [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Unbleached lecithin FCC CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: W/o emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant, stabilizer, release agent, lubricant, foam suppressant, solubilizer for Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods; choline source Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Amber to brnish. visc. liq.; Gardner 17; hydratable in water; sp.gr. 1.03; flash pt. > 400 F; acid no. 32 max.; HLB 4.0; nonionic; 1% max. moisture Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Surfaces covered with lethicin are very slick Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened containers Alcolec® XTRA-A [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Premium lecithin containing 66% phospholipids CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods, esp. for use with oil or fat prods. Features: Rec. where low fatty acid is important Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Amber high visc. liq.; HLB 2.0; acid no. 25 max.; 100% conc.; 0.8% max. moisture Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in original unopened container Alcolec® Z-3 [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxylated lecithin CAS 8029-76-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-440-6 Uses: Wetting agent, emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant for foods; dispersant for colors and flavors in aq. systems; wetting agent for fatty powds.; instantizing agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.814, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Lt. amber liq.; sol. in most fat solv. except acetone; sp. gr. 1.03; visc. 8000 cps; acid no. < 38; flash pt. > 400 F; HLB 9.7; nonionic; < 1.5% moisture, < 42% oil content Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes Precaution: Wear splash goggles and impervious gloves Storage: 18 mos. shelf life in original unopened container; store @60-9- F Aldo® DO [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl dioleate Chem. Analysis: Glycerine 1% max. CAS 25637-84-7; EINECS/ELINCS 247-144-2 Uses: Emulsifier Regulatory: Kosher; approved under many FDA food and food contact regulations 46

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Wh. to off-wh. soft solid; Gardner 5 max.; odorless; m.p. 42-52 C; iodine no. 50-60; acid value 3 max. Aldo® HMO [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate, high mono See Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Surfactant for food Regulatory: 21 CFR 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.210, 177.2600, 177.2800, 181.22, 181.27, 184.1323 Properties: Yel. semiliq.; mild fatty odor; m.p. < 20 C; HLB 3.0; acid value 2 max.; sapon. no. 145-155; nonionic Storage: Store in cool dry aiea Aldo® HMO PG KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate, high mono in propylene glycol Chem. Analysis: 0.5% max.moisture; 8-12% propylene glycol 45% min. α monoglyceride CAS 67701-32-0; 57-55-6 Uses: Surfactant for food applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.210, 177.2600, 177.2800, 184.1324 Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; Gardner color 3 max.; mild, fatty odor; acid value 1 max.; iodine value 61 min.; nonionic Storage: Store in cool, dry area Aldo® HMS-65 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: hydrogenated soya, mono-, and di glycerides Chem. Analysis: 0.5% max.moisture; 1.5% max. free glyceride; 52% min. monoglycerides Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer, dispersant, softener for foods, baked goods, dairy prods. (coffee whiteners, frozen desserts, whipped toppings), edible oils/shortenings, confectionery, pet foods, peanut butter Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505 (GRAS); kosher Properties: Wh. beads, mild fatty odor; bland taste; m.p. 47-51 C; peroxide no. 21 max. Storage: Store in cool, dry area Aldo® HMS KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate, high mono CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer, dispersant, softener for foods, baked Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

goods, dairy prods. (coffee whiteners, frozen desserts, whipped toppings), edible oils/shortenings, confectionery, pet foods, peanut butter Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505 (GRAS); kosher Properties: Wh. beads, bland odor and taste; m.p. 64 C; HLB 3; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 170; nonionic; 52% alpha monoglycerides Use Level: 3-5% on shortening (cakes), 0.10.2% (frozen desserts), 0.4% (margarine), 0.40.8% (caramels) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Aldo® LP KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl-lacto ester of fatty acids CAS 1335-49-5 Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent, whipping agent, foam stabilizer for foods, cakes, whipped toppings, frozen dairy systems Features: Alpha tending Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.852, kosher Properties: Ivory bead, mild odor; m.p. 40-45 C; HLB 2.5; acid no. 6 max.; 6-10% alpha monoglyceride Use Level: 4-8% on shortening (cake), 6-12% (whipped toppings), 4-10% (frozen dairy systems) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Aldo® MCT [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Caloric source, suspension medium in dietary supplements; emulsifier in flavors Properties: Liq.; low odor; bland taste; acid no. 0.10 max.; sapon. no. 345 Aldo® MCT KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 73398-61-5; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Dietary supplement, calorie source in foods (used to produce energy); lubricant for confectionery coatings; antisticking agent; carrier for spray coatings; solvent, diluent, and fixing agent for flavors Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Cl. liq., neutral odor and taste; acid no. 0.10 max.; iodine no. 1.0 max.; sapon. no. 335-360; hyd. no. 10 max.; 0.1% max. moisture Aldo® MCT Special KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride 47

Part I: Trade Name Reference Chem. Analysis: 0.1 max. moisture CAS 73398-61-5; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Dietary supplement; calorie source; antisticking agent in gel capsules and confectionery coatings; diluent and flavor fixative in food Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Cl. liq., neutral odor and taste; acid no. 0.10 max.; iodine no. 1.0 max.; sapon. no. 335-340; hyd. no. 10 max.; 0.1% max. moisture Aldo® MLD KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monolaurate, dispersible See Glyceryl laurate Chem. Analysis: 30% min. α monoglycerides; 7% free glycerine CAS 142-18-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-526-6 Uses: Emulsifier for veg. oil; dispersant and solubilizer for flavors and spice oils; antifoam and defoamer in food processing systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 184.1505; kosher Properties: Soft solid; mild odor; m.p. 23 C; HLB 7; acid no. 5 max.; nonionic Storage: Store in cool, dry place Aldo® MO KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monooleate See Glyceryl oleate CAS 25496-72-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Emulsifier, flavoring agent Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Liq.; HLB 3; acid no. 2; sapon. no. 171; nonionic Aldo® MO PG KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monooleate and propylene glycol See Glyceryl oleate Chem. Analysis: Moisture 1% max.; free propylene glycol 9-11%; alpha monoglyceride 40% min. Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier for food Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.210, 177.2600, 177.2800, 184.1324, 184.1666 Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; Gardner color 5 max.; acid value 2 max.; sapon. no. 145-155; peroxide value 5 max. Aldo® MS-20 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 glyceryl stearate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 68153-76-4 Uses: Emulsifier, antifoam for foods Properties: Solid; HLB 13.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Aldo® MS LG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate Chem. Analysis: 1% max. moisture; 42% min.α monoglycerides; 1% max. free glycerine CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Emulsifier in cakes, frozen desserts, margarine, confectionery, dehydrated potatoes Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 184.1505 (GRAS); kosher Properties: Wh. beads, bland odor and taste; m.p. 56-60 C; HLB 3; acid no. 2 max.; nonionic Storage: Store in dry, cool area Aldo® MS#2 Special KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Chem. Analysis: 1% max. moisture CAS 67701-33-1 Uses: Antisticking and softening agent in chewing gum bases; mouth feel improver, mold release agent, and antisticking agent in confectionery prods. Features: For use in food requiring higher quality mono- and diglycerides with lower melting points Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 175.350, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570; kosher Properties: Wh. wax-like beads or flakes; mild odor; bland taste; 100% thru #8 mesh, 5% max. thru #100 mesh; m.p. 55-58 C; HLB 4; acid value 3.5 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 166-176 Storage: Store in a cool, dry place Aldo® MSD KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: glyceryl stearate SE, glyceryl stearate and potassium stearate Chem. Analysis: 30% min. α monoglycerides Uses: Lubricant, antisticking agent for confectionery cutting surfaces; release agent on container surfaces; softener for dough systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 184.1505 (GRAS); kosher Properties: Tan beads, bland odor; 100% 48

Part I: Trade Name Reference through 8 mesh, 5% max. through 100 mesh; m.p. 58-60 C; HLB 6; acid no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 130-145; nonionic Aldo® MS KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; antisticking agent, chewability improver, shelf life extender in chewing gum, caramels; oil separation preventer in fudges, fudge sauces, peanut butter; aerating agent for whipped toppings (with Glycosperse S-20 FG); mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer in peanut butter; flow aid in fudge sauces Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Wh. beads, mild odor, bland taste; 100% through 8 mesh, 5% through 100 mesh; m.p. 59 C; HLB 4.0; acid no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 160-165; nonionic; 35% min. alpha monoglycerides Use Level: 0.5-1% (chewing gum), 0.5% (fudge), 2-4% (peanut butter), 1% (caramel) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Aldo® MS LG FG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate, low glycerin CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer for foods, baked goods, dairy prods., edible oils/shortenings, confectionery, pet foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Wh. beads, bland odor and taste; m.p. 58-62 C; HLB 3; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 162; nonionic; 40-45% alpha monoglycerides Use Level: 4-6% on shortening (cake), 0.1-0.2% (frozen desserts), 0.5% (margarine), 0.05-1% (dry potatoes) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Aldo® MS LG KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate, low glycerin CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, baked goods, dairy prods., edible oils/shortenings, confectionery; volume improver, texturizer in cakes; emulsion stabilizer in margarine; crystallization retarder in starch jellies; improves palatability and rehydration in dehydrated potatoes; fat separation retarder, moisture retention aid, and extrusion aid in pet foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505 (GRAS); Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

kosher Properties: Wh. beads, bland odor and taste; m.p. 60-65 C; HLB 3; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic; 40% min. alpha monoglycerides Use Level: 4-6% on shortening (cake), 0.1-0.2% (frozen desserts), 0.5% (margarine), 0.250.6% (starch jellies) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Aldo® PGHMS KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol stearate, high mono Chem. Analysis: 70-76% monoester CAS 1323-39-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-354-3 Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent, whipping agent, volume improver, foam stabilizer, moisture retention aid for foods, cakes, cake mixes, whipped toppings, shortening Features: Alpha tending; food grade; promotes more stable foam structure Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.856; kosher Properties: Off-wh. beads or flakes, bland odor and taste; m.p. 36-42 C; HLB 3; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; nonionic Storage: Store in cool, dry area Aldo® PGME-90 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol stearate Chem. Analysis: 0.5 max. moisture CAS 1323-39-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-354-3 Uses: Coemulsifier, aerating agent, whipping agent, volume improver, foam stabilizer, moisture retention aid for foods, cakes, cake mixes, whipped toppings, shortening Features: Food grade Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. waxy beads; visc. 9 cps; m.p. 43 C; acid no. 8 max.; sapon. no. 160-175; hyd. no. 155-175; nonionic Storage: Store in cool, dry area Aldosperse® 38/62 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated palm glyceride and PEG-200 hydrogenated glyceryl palmate Chem. Analysis: 1% max. moisture (KarlFischer) CAS 67784-87-6; 67784-88-7; EINECS/ELINCS 294-638-9 Uses: Dough strengthener for bread, buns, rolls, yeast-raised doughnuts 49

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.834, 184.1505 (GRAS); kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. beads, mild fatty odor; m.p. 57-60 C; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 125-135; nonionic Storage: Store in tied polybags in dry area below 100 F Aldosperse® 40/60 [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: 60% Glyceryl stearate and 40% PEG-20 glyceryl stearate Uses: Emulsifier for ice cream; dough conditioner for foods Properties: Gardner 2 beads; HLB 7±1; m.p. 57 C; acid no. 2. Aldosperse® 40/60 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: 60% Glyceryl stearate and 40% PEG-20 glyceryl stearate Uses: Emulsifier for foods; dough strengthener for bread, buns, rolls, yeastraised doughnuts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.834, 184.1505 (GRAS); kosher Properties: Cream-colored beads, bland odor and taste; 100% through 8 mesh, 5% through 100 mesh; m.p. 57 C; HLB 7; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 120-135; nonionic; 30% alpha monoglyceride Use Level: 4-8 oz/cwt flour (bread, doughnuts), 6-8 oz/cwt flour (buns, rolls) Storage: Store in tied polybags in dry area below 100 F Aldosperse® MS BO KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate Chem. Analysis: 40% min α monoglyceride; 1% max. free glycerine; 0.4% max moisture (Karl Fischer) CAS 31566-31-1; EINECS/ELINCS 250-705-4 Uses: Emulsifier for chewing, fudge and fudge sauces, peanut butter, whipped toppings, and caramels Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. beads; mild odor; bland taste; m.p. 55-65 C; HLB 5.2; acid no. 2 max. Use Level: 0.5-1% chewing gum, 0.5% fudge and fudge sauces, 2-4% peanut butter, 0.250.5% whipped toppings, and 1% caramels Storage: Store in a cool, dry place

Aldosperse® MS-20 [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 glyceryl stearate CAS 51158-08-8 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant for foods Properties: Wh. soft solid; sol. in ethanol; disp. in water; HLB 13±1; m.p. 32-38 C; acid no. 2; sapon. no. 65-75; hyd. no. 73; nonionic Aldosperse® MS-20 FG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 glyceryl stearate CAS 68553-11-7 Uses: Dough strengthener, volume improver, texturizer, moisture retention aid in yeastraised baked goods; emulsifier in foods, whipped veg. oil toppings, frozen desserts, icings, icing mixes; nondairy creamer in beverage coffee Features: Provides more uniform texture; improves crumb structure Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.834 Properties: Straw-colored liq.; m.p. 27 C; HLB 13.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 68-75; hyd. no. 65-80; pH 6 (5%); nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 2-4 oz/cwt flour (baked goods), 3-6 oz/cwt flour (cake), 0.2-0.45% (whipped toppings) Storage: Store with lid firmly in place in cool, dry area Aldosperse® MS-20 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 glyceryl stearate CAS 68553-11-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; dough strengthener, volume improver, texturizer, moisture retention aid for baked goods; emulsifier for whipped toppings, frozen desserts, icings, icing mixes; nondairy creamer in beverage coffee Features: Proves more uniform texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.834; kosher Properties: Straw-colored soft solid, mild odor, bland taste; m.p. 27 C; HLB 13; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 65-75; hyd. no. 65-80; nonionic Use Level: 2-4 oz/cwt flour (baked goods), 3-6 oz/cwt flour (cake), 0.2-0.4% (whipped toppings) Storage: Store with lid firmly in place in cool, dry area Aldosperse® O-20 [Lonza

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Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: 80% Glyceryl stearate, 20% polysorbate 80 Uses: Emulsifier for ice cream; dough conditioner for foods Properties: Straw beads; m.p. 55-65 C; HLB 5.2; acid no. 2; sapon. no. 140-150 Aldosperse® O-20 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: 80% Glyceryl stearate, 20% polysorbate 80 CAS 31566-31-1; 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, ice cream, ice milk, and frozen desserts; whipping agent, texturizer, bodying agent for foods Features: Food grade; provides overrun props., max. dryness; ideal for high temp. short time pasteurization Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.840, 184.1505 (GRAS); kosher Properties: Lt. tan beads, mild odor, bland taste; 100% through 8 mesh, 5% max. through 100 mesh; m.p. 50-65 C; HLB 5; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 140-155; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.1-0.25% (ice cream), 0.15-0.25% (ice milk), 0.1-0.25% (frozen desserts) Storage: Store in cool, dry area below 35 C Aldosperse® TS-20 [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate (80%), polysorbate 65 (20%) Uses: Emulsifier for ice cream; dough conditioner for foods Properties: Straw beads; m.p. 55-65 C; HLB 4.3; acid no. 2; sapon. no. 150-160. Aldosperse® TS-20 FG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: 80% Glyceryl stearate, 20% polysorbate 65 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, frozen desserts, ice cream, ice milk, frozen custard, softserve and other specialty prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.838 Properties: Lt. tan beads, bland odor and taste; 20% max. 100 mesh; HLB 4.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 150-160; hyd. no. 160-185; nonionic; 100% conc. Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of mono- and diglycerides and polysorbate 65 See Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Emulsifier, whipping agent, bodying agent for foods, ice cream, frozen desserts, sherbets Features: Provides overrun props., dryness Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.838, 184.1505 (GRAS); kosher Properties: Lt. tan beads, mild odor and taste; 100% through 8 mesh, 5% max. through 100 mesh; HLB 4; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 150160; hyd. no. 160-190 Use Level: 0.1-0.25% (ice cream, frozen desserts), 0.25% (sherbets) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Aldosperse® TS-40 [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate (60%), polysorbate 65 (40%) Uses: Emulsifier for ice cream; dough conditioner for foods Properties: Straw beads; m.p. 40-60 C; HLB 6.0; acid no. 2; sapon. no. 120-130. Aldosperse® TS-40 FG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: 60% Glyceryl stearate, 40% polysorbate 65 Uses: Emulsifier for frozen desserts Properties: Bead; HLB 6.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: 60% Glyceryl stearate, 40% Polysorbate 65 Uses: Emulsifier, whipping agent, texturizer, bodying agent for foods, frozen desserts, ice cream, sherbet Features: Provides overrun props., dryness Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.838, 184.1505 (GRAS); kosher Properties: Tan beads, mild odor; 100% through 8 mesh, 5% max. through 100 mesh; m.p. 55 C; HLB 6; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 135-145; hyd. no. 140-155; nonionic Use Level: 0.1-0.25% (ice cream, frozen desserts), 0.25% (sherbets) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Alginade® DC [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Alginate blend Uses: Thickener, gellant, stabilizer for whipped cream, ice lollies Alginade® MR [ISP Alginates 51

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Alginate blend Uses: Stabilizer for ice cream, ice lollies, milk shakes Features: Improves resist. to heat shock Alginade® MRE [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Alginate blend Uses: Stabilizer for ice cream Features: Improves resist. to heat shock Alkamuls® PSMO-20 [Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Rhodia Canada] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent for foods, ice cream mixes, cake icing, nonstandard frozen desserts Properties: Yel. liq.; water-sol.; HLB 15; nonionic; 97% act. Alkamuls® PSTO-20 [Rhodia Canada] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 85 CAS 9005-70-3 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Amber liq.; typ. odor; water disp.; dens. 1.0 g/ml; HLB 11; sapon. no. 80-95; nonionic; 97% act. Aloe Gold Seal-Natural [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis Chem. Analysis: 100% aloe solids; 8% max. moisture CAS 8001-97-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-295-9 Uses: Moisturizer, soothing agent in dietary supplements, juice blends with aloe, health drinks, sports/fitness drinks Properties: Lt. cream to beige fine powd., mod. veg. odor; after reconsitituting 1:199 with DI water Use Level: 0.5-25% in juice blends Storage: Highly hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place with desiccant; add preservatives on reconstitution Aloe Vera Gel - Natural [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf juice Chem. Analysis: 0.5% min. aloe solids Uses: Digestive aid in health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks Properties: Yel.-grn., sl. hazy liq.; lt. veg. odor; sp.gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0 Use Level: 15% min. of finished prod. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: This is a nat. prod. which will darken with age; sl. fallout may occur over time; protect from oxidation Storage: Store at room temp.; darkens with age; protect from oxidation Aloe Vera Gel - Natural with Pulp [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf juice Chem. Analysis: 0.5% min. aloe solids Uses: Digestive aid in health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks Properties: Yel.-grn., cl. to sl. hazy liq.; lt. veg. odor; sp.gr. 1.00-1.01; pH 3.5-5.0 Use Level: 15% min. of finished prod. Precaution: This is a nat. prod. which will darken with age; sl. fallout may occur over time; protect from oxidation Storage: Store at room temp.; darkens with age; protect from oxidation Aloe Con UP 10 [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera gel, ultra purified grade See Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Used for beverages Properties: Gardner 3 max. liq.; pH 4.0-5.0; 5% solids Aloe Con UP 40 [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera gel, ultra purified grade See Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Used for beverages Properties: Gardner 3 max. liq.; pH 4.0-5.0; 20% solids Aloe Con UP-200 [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Freeze-dried aloe vera gel, ultra purified grade See Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Used for beverages Properties: Gardner 3 max. powd.; pH 4.0-5.0; 100% solids Aloe Con WG 10 [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera whole gel See Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Used for beverages Properties: Lt. tan, typ. aloe flavor; pH 4.0-5.0; 5 ± 1% solids Aloe Con WG 40 [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera whole gel See Aloe 52

Part I: Trade Name Reference barbadensis gel Uses: Used for beverages Properties: Dk. tan to brn., typ. aloe flavor; sp.gr. 1.1±0.05; pH 3.5-5.0; 20 ± 5% solids Storage: Store in container; protect from light; 6 mo shelf life Aloe Con WG 200 [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera whole gel See Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Used for beverages Properties: Lt. tan, typ. aloe flavor; pH 4.0-5.0; 100% solids Aloe Con WLG 10 [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera whole leaf gel See Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Used for beverages Properties: Gardner 3 max. liq.; pH 4.0-5.0; 5% solids Aloe Con WLG 200 [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Freeze-dried aloe vera whole leaf gel See Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Used for beverages, health supplements Properties: Sl. tan free-flowing powd.; pH 3.5-5.5 (1:199); < 7% moisture Aloe Vera Extract, Oil Sol. Liq. [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera extract See Aloe barbadensis extract CAS 85507-69-3; EINECS/ELINCS 287-390-8 Uses: Nutraceutical for health drinks, sports beverages, soft drinks, candies and chewing gum. Properties: Lt. yel. cl. oil; char. veg. odor; sp.gr. 0.847-0.854 Aloe Vera Gel 1X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera gel, food grade See Aloe barbadensis gel Chem. Analysis: 0.5% min. total solids Uses: Used in foods and beverages (digestion aid, health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks) Properties: Ye.-grn. cl. to sl. hazy liq., lt. veg. odor; sp.gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0 Precaution: Protect from oxidation Storage: Store @ R.T.; protect from oxidation; may darken with age Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aloe Vera Gel 10X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera gel, food grade See Aloe barbadensis gel Chem. Analysis: 4.6% min. total solids Uses: Used in foods and beverages (digestion aid, health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks) Properties: Lt. amber cl. to sl. hazy liq., mod. veg. odor; sp.gr. 1.022-1.032; pH 3.5-5.0 Storage: Store @ R.T.; protect from oxidation; may darken with age Aloe Vera Gel 40X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera gel, food grade See Aloe barbadensis gel Chem. Analysis: 18.4% min. total solids Uses: Used in foods and beverages (digestion aid, health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks) Properties: Amber cl. to sl. hazy liq. with possible precipitate, strong veg. odor; sp.gr. 1.100-1.120; pH 3.5-5.0 Storage: Store @ R.T.; protect from oxidation; may darken with age Aloe Vera Gel Powd., Dehydrated [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera gel, dehydrated (200 X conc.) See Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Flavoring agent, texturizer in beverages, health foods Properties: Lt. tan fluffy powd.; char. veg.-like odor; pH 4-5; 100% solids Aloe Vera Gel Regular 1X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf juice Chem. Analysis: 0.5% min. aloe solids Uses: Digestive aid in health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks Properties: Gardner 3 max. liq., lt. veg. odor; sp.gr. 0.997-1.004; pH3.5-5.0 Precaution: This is a nat. prod. which will darken with age; sl. fallout may occur over time; protect from oxidation Storage: Store at room temp.; darkens with age; protect from oxidation Aloe Vera Gel Regular 10X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf juice Chem. Analysis: 4.6% min. aloe solids 53

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Digestive aid in health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks Properties: Lt. amber cl. to sl. hazy liq.; sp.gr. 1.022-1.032 (25 C); pH 3.5-5.0 Precaution: This is a nat. prod. which will with age; sl. fallout may occur over time; protect from oxidation Storage: Store at room temp.; darkens with age; protect from oxidation Aloe Vera Gel Regular 40X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf juice Chem. Analysis: 18.4% min. aloe solids Uses: Digestive aid in health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks Properties: Lt. amber cl. to sl. hazy liq.; sp.gr. 1.100-1.120 (25 C); pH 3.5-5.0 Precaution: This is a nat. prod. which will with age; sl. fallout may occur over time; protect from oxidation Storage: Store at room temp.; darkens with age; protect from oxidation Aloe Vera Gel Spray Dried Powd. [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera gel, dehydrated (20 X conc.) See Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Flavoring agent, texturizer in beverages, foods Properties: Wh. to ylsh. powd.; char. veg.-like odor and flavor; no off flavors; 10% solids; < 10% moisture

Properties: Yel.-grn. cl. to sl. hazy liq.; lt. veg. odor and taste; sp.gr. 1.000-1.010; pH 3.5-5.0 Use Level: 15% min. of the finished prod. Storage: Protect from oxidation; store at room temp.; nat. prod. that will darken with age; sl. fallout may occur over time Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 1X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe vera gel, food grade See Aloe barbadensis gel CAS 8001-97-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-295-9 Uses: Used in foods and beverages (digestion aid, health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks) Properties: Yel.-grn. cl. to sl. hazy liq., lt. veg. odor; sp.gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0; 0.5% min. total solids Storage: Store @ R.T.; protect from oxidation; may darken with age Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 3X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf CAS 8001-97-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-295-9 Uses: Botanical extract for health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks Properties: Yel.-grn. cl. to sl. hazy liq., lt. veg. odor; sp.gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0 Storage: Store in a cool, dry place

Aloe Vera Oil Regular [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis extract, extracted onto soybean oil base See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Uses: Used in internal/oral applics. (oral ointments, soft gel encapsulation) Properties: Yel. oil, veg. odor; sp.gr. 0.9190.924; acid no. 1.1 max.; sapon. no. 185-200; < 10% moisture Storage: Store at R.T.; do not store above 65 C for > 24 h; if stored below 25 C, heat prod. to clarify

Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 5X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf Chem. Analysis: 4.75% min. aloe solids CAS 8001-97-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-295-9 Uses: Botanical extract for health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks Features: High in essential biomolecules, vitamins, and minerals; no pathogens Properties: Lt. amber cl. to sl. hazy liq., mod. veg. odor; sp.gr. 1.022-1.032; pH 3.5-5.0 Use Level: 3.0% of final prod. Precaution: Protect from oxidation Storage: Store @ R.T.

Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf CAS 8001-97-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-295-9 Uses: Used in foods and beverages (digestion aid, health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks)

Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 20X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf Chem. Analysis: 19.0% min. aloe solids CAS 8001-97-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-295-9 Uses: Botanical extract for health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness

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Part I: Trade Name Reference drinks Features: High in essential biomolecules, vitamins, and minerals; no pathogens Properties: Cl. to sl. hazy liq. with possible precipitate, mod. veg. odor; sp.gr. 1.100-1.120; pH 3.5-5.0 Use Level: 0.75% of final prod. Precaution: Protect from oxidation Storage: Store @ R.T. Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic Freeze Dried [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf Chem. Analysis: 100% aloe solids; 8% max. moisture CAS 8001-97-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-295-9 Uses: Botanical extract for health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks Properties: Lt. cream to beige fine powd.; sp. gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0 Storage: Keep in cool, dry place, once reconstituted, prod. will darken with age; preserve after reconstitution Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf Chem. Analysis: 100% aloe solids; 8% max. moisture CAS 8001-97-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-295-9 Uses: Botanical extract for health drinks, juice blends, health foods, sports/fitness drinks Features: High in essential biomolecules, vitamins, and minerals Properties: Lt. cream to beige fine powd.; sp. gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0 Storage: Keep in cool, dry place, once reconstituted, prod. will darken with age; preserve after reconstitution Alomine 042 [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Animal protein hydrolysate See Hydrolyzed collagen CAS 92113-31-0 Uses: Protein source for foods; meat flavor Features: Nonfoaming; rec. where low gelling and low visc. are required Properties: Powd.; completely cold sol.; pH 6 (1%); < 5% moisture Alomine 223 [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Protein hydrolysate, taste Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enhancer, citric acid (antioxidant) See Hydrolyzed collagen Uses: Brine additive, tenderizer, esp. for injected prods., such as cooked ham, poultry prods. Features: Phosphate-free; improves tenderness of final prod. Properties: Free-flowing powd., lt. aromatic odor; readily sol. in water; bulk dens. 1.2 l/kg Use Level: 0.5% on final prod. wt. Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Alpha-Cel BH40 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Filter aid medium for wine/beer/juice filtration Properties: Avg. fiber length 60 microns; bulk volume 12; water retention 5.0 g/g Environmental: environmentally safe Storage: Indefinite shelf life Alpha-Cel BH300 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Filter aid medium for wine/beer/juice filtration Properties: Avg. fiber length 30 microns; bulk volume 17; water retention 3.0 g/g Environmental: environmentally safe Storage: Indefinite shelf life Alpha-Cel C40 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Filter aid medium for wine/beer/juice filtration Properties: Avg. fiber length 120 microns; bulk volume 5.0; water retention 6.5 g/g Environmental: environmentally safe Storage: Indefinite shelf life Alpha-Cel C100 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Filter aid medium for wine/beer/juice filtration Properties: Avg. fiber length 110 microns; bulk volume 7; water retention 6.5 g/g Environmental: environmentally safe Storage: Indefinite shelf life Alpha Cellulose, Powdered BH 200 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Powdered cellulose Chem. Analysis: 5-7% moisture CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Fiber source, bulking agent in low calorie formulations; anticaking agent, clarifier, filtering agent, flavor carrier, tablet 55

Part I: Trade Name Reference binder for foods Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; pH 5.5-7.5 (10% susp.) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; keep container closed when not in use Alphadim® 70K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono-diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for puddings, coffee whiteners, ice cream, frozen desserts, whipped toppings, chip dips, and sour cream bases Properties: Wh. to cream colored powd.; m.p. 61-64 C; 72% min. mono Alphadim® 90AB [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High-purity, molecularly dist. monoglyceride prepared from fully hardened edible fats and glycerin See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 67701-33-1 Uses: Food additive; stabilizer and dispersant for fat particles in coffee whiteners; starch complexing agent, softener in breads; emulsifier, stabilizer for margarine, dehydrated potatoes, chewing gum, peanut butter Features: Provides functional improvements in processing and storage stability Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Wh. to cream fine bead; m.p. 65-71 C; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 150-165; nonionic; 90% min. alpha monoester Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Alphadim® 90PBK [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono-diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for margarine, coffee whiteners, dehydrated potatoes, peanut butter, chewing gum, pasta, snacks, and cereal prods. Properties: Wh. to cream colored bead; m.p. 6468 C; iodine no. 5 max.; 90% min. mono Alphadim® 90SBK [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High-purity, molecularly dist. monoglyceride prepared from fully hardened soybean oil and glycerin See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Stabilizer, dispersant for fat particles in coffee whiteners; starch complexing agent; antisticking agent; emulsifier for margarine, pasta, snacks, cereals, dehydrated potatoes, confection coatings, chewing gum, peanut butter Features: Provides a stable, finely dispersed emulsion Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to cream fine bead; 99% through 10 mesh; m.p. 70-75 C; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 150-165; HLB 3.5; nonionic; 90% min. alpha monoester Storage: Indefinite storage life under proper cool, dry conditions Alphadim® 90SBK FG [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono-diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for pasta, snacks, and cereal prods. Properties: Wh. to cream colored bead; m.p. 7075 C; iodine no. 3 max.; 90% min. mono Alphadim® 90VCK [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High-purity, molecularly dist. monoglyceride prepared from partially hardened soybean oil and glycerin with TBHQ and citric acid See t-Butyl hydroquinone; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for margarine, coffee whiteners, cake and icing shortenings Features: Provides a stable emulsion of finely dispersed water droplets Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Ivory plastic; m.p. 58-62 C; iodine no. 54-65; sapon. no. 150-165; HLB 3.5; nonionic; 90% min. alpha monoester Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Altalc 200 USP [Luzenac Am. http://www.luzenac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Talc USP/FCC See Talc Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (61%), MgO (31%), Al2O3 (1%), Fe2O3 (1%), CaO (0.5%) CAS 14807-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 238-877-9 Uses: Chewing gum base; dusting agent and antitackifier in foods Features: Good brightness Properties: Wh. powd.; 9 µ median particle size; 98% min. through 200 mesh; bulk dens. 24-28 lb/ft3 (loose), 62 lb/ft3 (tapped); TAPPI 56

Part I: Trade Name Reference brightness 88; pH 8 (10% slurry) Altalc 300 USP [Luzenac Am. http://www.luzenac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Talc USP/FCC See Talc Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (61%), MgO (31%), Al2O3 (1%), Fe2O3 (1%) CAS 14807-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 238-877-9 Uses: Antitackifier, dusting agent for foods Features: Exc. brightness Properties: Wh. powd.; 6 µ median particle size; 98% min. through 325 mesh; bulk dens. 15-19 lb/ft3 (loose), 42 lb/ft3 (tapped); TAPPI brightness 91; pH 9 (10% slurry) Altalc 325 USP [Luzenac Am. http://www.luzenac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Talc USP/FCC See Talc CAS 14807-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 238-877-9 Uses: Glidant, anticaking agent, lubricant, colorant, dusting powd. for foods Altalc 400 USP [Luzenac Am. http://www.luzenac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Talc USP/FCC See Talc Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (61%), MgO (31%), Al2O3 (1%), Fe2O3 (1%), CaO (0.5%) CAS 14807-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 238-877-9 Uses: Filler, dusting agent, antitackifier for foods Features: High purity; exc. brightness; specially processed for microbial control Properties: Wh. powd.; 4 µ median particle size; 99.9% min. through 325 mesh; bulk dens. 1216 lb/ft3 (loose), 41 lb/ft3 (tapped); TAPPI brightness 92; pH 9 (10% slurry) Altalc 500 USP [Luzenac Am. http://www.luzenac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Talc USP/FCC See Talc Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (62%), MgO (32%), Al2O3 (0.5%), Fe2O3 (0.5%), CaO (0.5%) CAS 14807-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 238-877-9 Uses: Diluent, glidant, antitackifier, TiO2 extender pigment for tableting, foods Features: High purity; ultrafine with very consistent particle size Properties: Wh. powd.; 4 µ median particle size; 99.9% through 400 mesh; bulk dens. 11-15 lb/ft3 (loose), 38 lb/ft3 (tapped); TAPPI brightness 92; pH 9 (10% slurry) Aluminum Stearate 22 [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aluminum distearate CAS 300-92-5; EINECS/ELINCS 206-101-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Leavening agent Properties: Solid; sol. hot in aromatic and aliphatic solvs. and oils; water-insol. Amalty® [Mitsubishi Int'l. http://www.micusa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0 Uses: Sweetener, humectant for sugar-free confectionery, sauces, spices, processed foods, vitamin supplements, foods for diabetics Features: Mild sweetener with no aftertaste; does not cause tooth decay; heat-stable; low hygroscopicity Properties: Wh. powd. or gran.; m.p. 140 C; ≥ 93.5% act. Amaranth Oil [Nu-World Amaranth http://www.nuworldamaranth.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Natural amaranth oil high in squalene CAS 915-67-3; EINECS/ELINCS 213-022-2 Uses: Heat stabilizer in foods Features: Exc. natural source of omega acids, highly unsat. Properties: Light-colored cl. oily liq., delicate agreeable odor and taste Amberlite™ FPC14 Na [Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid cation exchanger Uses: Strong acid cation exchange resin specially developed for food applications, including the decalcification of thin sugar juices and other demineralization applications Features: Food grade; exc. stability; high capacity and yield; exc. purification Properties: Amber beads; moisture holding capacity 41-49% Amberlite™ FPC23 H [Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid cation exchanger Uses: Macroreticular, high capacity, strongly acidic cation exchange resin for citric and lactic acid processing as well as demineralization of conc. sugar streams in food processing Features: Food grade; exc. stability; high capacity and yield; exc. purification Properties: Opaque spherical beads; moisture holding capacity 44-53% 57

Part I: Trade Name Reference Amberlite™ FPX66 [Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com] Chem. Descrip.: resin Uses: Adsorbent resin for juice upgrading, purification, and the recovery of polyphenols and natural extracts Features: Food grade; resistance to all commonly used organic solvents; high capacity and yield; high mech. stability Properties: Wh. beads; sp. gr. 1.015-1.025; surf. area ≥ 700 m2/g; moisture holding capacity 6270% Amerfloc® 275 [Ashland/Drew Ind. Div. http://www.ashchem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acrylamide-acrylic acid resin See Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer Uses: Flocculant for beet/cane sugar clarification; thickener in aq. animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.5, 176.110, 176.170, 176.180, 573.120; EPA approved for potable water @ 1 ppm max. Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; pH 7.0 (0.5%); anionic Storage: Store in cool, dry place Amfal-46 [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethoxylated monodiglycerides (40%), mono-diglycerides (60%) See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Dough strengthener; dough softener; protein/starch complexing agents, absorption improver, shelf life extender for foods Features: Improves slicing qualities Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 1.25% max. on flour Storage: Store up to 6 mos. under cool, dry conditions; keep poly liner closed when not in use Amflex [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fungal amylase from Aspergillus oryzae with cereal filler and other edible excipients See Amylase CAS 9000-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7 Uses: Enzyme dough conditioner, volume improver, texturizer, softener for breads Features: Converts damaged starch gran. in bread flour to fermentable sugars; provides Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

more uniform gas prod., reduced proof time, greater volume, uniform crust color, better grain/texture, added softness in bread crumb Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Sl. off-wh. to beige tablet, char. odor Storage: Store cool and dry; 6 mos. min. shelf life AMG 800 BG [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Amyloglucosidase CAS 9032-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-877-2 Uses: Enzyme used as volume improver and crust color improver in the baking industry; can also be used on frozen doughs to trigger the production of CO2 from yeast after thawing Amioca™ [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch consisting primarily of amylopectin See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Processing aid, thickener, texturizer for canned foods, cooked snacks Features: Develops visc. without gelling; produces clear, cohesive, long texture when cooked, and good shelf life Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity AMT 1.2L [Amano Enzyme http://www.amanoenzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: S-Amylase from Microbacterium See Amylase CAS 9000-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7 Uses: Enzyme for food processing, starch, maltotriose rich syrup 58

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Liq. Amygluten 110 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat gluten See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten CAS 8002-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-317-7 Uses: Imparts elasticity and extensibility to doughs, improving loaf volume, mixing and proofing tolerance, water absorption, dough consistency, machinability and resistance to freezing.; viscosity builder and water binder in meat and meat replacement prods.; base for soy sauce and savoury prods.; consistency and cooking tolerance improver, stickiness, checking and oil uptake inhibitor in noodles and pasta Properties: Fine, sl. yelsh. powd.; wheat taste; insol. in water Amylase DS [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Amylase from Aspergillus oryzae CAS 9000-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7 Uses: Enzyme for dietary supplement use Features: Amylolytic; high saccharification activity on starch Properties: Off-wh. to brnish. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization when inhaled; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine or aquatic organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear approved respirator for this type of dust, impermeable gloves, protective eye glasses, and overalls Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry area AmyloGel™ 03001 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Native high amylose Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 10 mg/kg max. SO2 CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gellant and viscosifier for gum candies Features: 50% high amylose type starch refined from a special hybrid corn; ; low hot visc.; rapid visc. development upon cooling; quickly sets to a firm gel; reduced storing time for deposited candy Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 43 lbs/ft3; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity AmyloGel™ 03003 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Native high amylose Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 1.0% ash;10 mg/kg max. SO2 CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Coating agent for fried food; predust for battered and breaded food; used in formed and extruded prods. Features: 70% high amylose type starch refined from a special hybrid corn; rapid visc. development upon cooling; quickly sets to a firm gel; fluid hot viscosity Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 45 lbs/ft3; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Amylogum CLS [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gum Arabic substitute Anethole Extra USP 21/22, FCC [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: (E)-1-Methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)benzene stabilized with 0.005% Tenox GT-1 (a food grade antioxidant) See Anethole CAS 4180-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-205-5 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60; DOT: Chemicals n.o.i.; USP and FCC compliance Properties: Nearly colorless cl. liq.; solid @ low temps.; char. anise-like odor; sweet taste; 100% sol. in alcohol; m.w. 148.21; sp.gr. 0.983-0.988; dens. 8.22 lb/gal; vapor pressure 0.04 mm Hg; m.p. 70 F; b.p. 232.2 C; flash pt. (TCC) > 93.3 C; ref. index 1.5602-1.5613; 99.5% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2090 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; irritating to skin; may cause eye irritation on prolonged contact; TSCA listed 59

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Incompat. with strong acids, strong bases, materials that react with unsat. cyclic oxygenated compds.; prolonged/excessive heat and/or exposure to air may cause decomp. or oxidation of the material Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO2, CO, acrid fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Keep container tightly closed when not in use; store @ ≥ 21 C to maintain liq. state; store away from heat, sparks, open flames; avoid prolonged exposure to air Anhydrous Citric Acid [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid CAS 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 Uses: Antioxidant, flavor enhancer, chelating agent, sequestrant, trace metal scavenger Antelope Aerator [Albright & Wilson Australia http://www.albright.com.au] Chem. Descrip.: Specially formulated chemical aerator based on sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: General purpose aerator for use by commercial pastry chefs when slow dough rate of reaction is required Regulatory: FCC, Australian compliance Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; 0.1% +250 µm particle size, 0.8% +150 µm; 64.5% acidity Toxicology: Avoid inhaling dust, prolonged skin contact Storage: Store in cool, dry place Anterior Pituitary Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Anthium 200® [Int'l. Dioxcide http://www.idiclo2.com] Chem. Descrip.: Stabilized chlorine dioxide CAS 10049-04-4; EINECS/ELINCS 233-162-8 Uses: Antimicrobial for potato storage protection Features: Exc. shelf life and no chloro-organic residues Properties: 2% Anticromos® [Ceca SA http://www.ceca.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Adsorbent for foods (decolorization/purification of sugar/glucose syrups, citric/tartaric/lactic acids, edible oils, food flavors, wines) Antifoam C100F [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Chem. Analysis: Silica content 6% Uses: Antifoam for wide variety of food processes Properties: Translucent grey liq.; tasteless; sl. odor; sol. in amyl acetate, ethyl acetate, 2ethyl hexanol, kerosine, methyl isobutyl ketone, per-chlorethylene, toluene, wh. spirits, xylene; sp.gr. 1.0; flash pt. > 300 C; 100% act. Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antifoam C100K [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Chem. Analysis: Silica content 6% Uses: Antifoam for wide variety of food processes including adhesives, deep fat frying, edible oil processing, molasses, paper coating, soft drink manufacturing, sugar refining Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Translucent grey liq.; tasteless; sl. odor; sp.gr. 1.0; flash pt. > 300 C; 100% act. Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antifoam C100N [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Uses: Antifoam for food Regulatory: Acceptable under the food regulations of UK, USA, an many other countries Properties: Translucent liq.; tasteless; sl. odor; sp.gr. 1.0; visc. 600 cP; flash pt. > 315 C; 100% act. Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antifoam E 100 conc. [Bayer http://www.bayerus.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoglycerides and diglycerides of fatty acids 60

Part I: Trade Name Reference Chem. Analysis: Ash 0.5% max. Uses: Antifoam for extraction of sugar, feeding yeast beer yeast, confectionery mfg., fruit processing Properties: Yellowish liq.; weak odor; not misc. in water; dens. 0.93-0.96; visc. 235 mPa·s min.; vapor pressure 100 mbar max.; b.p. 190 C; setting pt. ≈ 3 C; flash pt. 200 C; ignition pt. ≈ 400 C; pH 5-6 (1% in water); iodine no. 7383; sapon. no. 154-162; peroxide no. 6 max.; acid no. 2 max. Antifoam F5 [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Chem. Analysis: Silica content 5% Uses: Antifoam for aq. food processing applics. including fermentation processes, jam mfg.; low-foam washing formulations, paper coating, pickle processing, potato chip mfg., soft drink mfg., sugar molasses, vinegar mfg., wine mfg. Features: Outstanding reliability, versatility; highly effective in foam control; acceptable under UK, USA and many other countries food regulations; available in emulsion form Properties: Off-wh. visc. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.0 Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antifoam FD20P [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Chem. Analysis: Silicone 20% Uses: Antifoam for brewing, food processing applics. Features: Outstanding reliability, versatility; highly effective; acceptable under UK, USA and many other countries' food regulations; available in emulsion form; easily extracted from beer by filtration Properties: Off-wh. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.0 Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antifoam FD30 [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Chem. Analysis: Silicone 30% Uses: Antifoam for brewing, food processing applics. Features: Outstanding reliability, versatility; highly effective; acceptable under UK, USA and many other countries' food regulations; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

available in emulsion form Properties: Off-wh. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.0 Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antifoam FD30K [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Chem. Analysis: Silicone 30% Uses: Antifoam for aq. food processing applics. including fermentation processes, jam mfg., potato chip mfg., soft drink mfg., sugar molasses, vinegar mfg. wine mfg. Features: Outstanding reliability, versatility; highly effective in foam control; acceptable under UK, USA and many other countries food regulations; available in emulsion form Properties: Off-wh. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.0 Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antifoam FD30P [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Chem. Analysis: Silicone 30% Uses: Antifoam for food processing applics. Features: Outstanding reliability, versatility; highly effective; acceptable under UK, USA and many other countries' food regulations; available in emulsion form Properties: Off-wh. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.0 Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antifoam FD50 [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Chem. Analysis: Silicone 50% Uses: Antifoam for bottle washing, brewing, fermentation processes, jam mfg., potato chip mfg., sugar beet processing, sugar molasses, vegetable processing, wine mfg. Features: Outstanding reliability, versatility; highly effective; acceptable under UK, USA and many other countries' food regulations; available in emulsion form Properties: Off-wh. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.0 Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container; do not allow to freeze Antifoam FDK [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. 61

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.baschem.co.uk] Chem. Analysis: Silicone 10% Uses: Antifoam for aq. food processing applics. including animal feeds, fermentation processes, jam mfg.; low-foam washing formulations, paper coating, pet food mfg., potato chip mfg., soft drink mfg., sugar molasses, vinegar mfg. wine mfg. Features: Outstanding reliability, versatility; highly effective in foam control; acceptable under UK, USA and many other countries food regulations; available in emulsion form Properties: Off-wh. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.0 Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antifoam FDP [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Uses: Antifoam for food Features: Designed for durability; stable to high shear; outstanding reliability, versatility; highly effective; acceptable under UK, USA and many other countries' food regulations Properties: Off-wh. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.0 Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antifoam FG10 [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Chem. Analysis: Silicone 10% Uses: Antifoam for food Features: Designed for durability; stable to high shear; outstanding reliability, versatility; highly effective; acceptable under UK, USA and many other countries' food regulations Properties: Off-wh. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.0 Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antifoam FG50 [Basildon Chem. Co. Ltd. http://www.baschem.co.uk] Chem. Analysis: Silicone 50% Uses: Antifoam for food processing applics. Features: Outstanding efficiency, versatility; economical; available in emulsion form; alkali resistant Properties: Off-wh. emulsion; sp.gr. 1.0 Toxicology: Prolonged contact with skin, eyes may cause some irritation Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: 1 yr. when stored @ < 35 C in unopened container Antispumin® ZU [Stockhausen http://www.stockhausen-inc.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Ethoxylated/propoxylated fatty alcohols Uses: Defoamer for cheese factory effluent, dairy effluent, pectin prod. effluent, beet sugar extraction Properties: Yel. sl. cloudy oily visc. liq., typ. odor; forms unstable emulsion in water; sp.gr. 0.92; visc. 100 cp; b.p. 412 F; pour pt. -30 C; flash pt. 323 F; pH 5.5 (10%); nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: Skin irritant on prolonged contact Antrancine® 14 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: BHT and sunflower oil See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil CAS 128-37-0; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204881-4; 232-273-9 Uses: Antioxidant in chewing gum Antrancine® 19 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Propyl gallate, citric acid and propylene glycol CAS 121-79-9; 77-92-9; 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-498-2; 201-069-1; 200338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for use in food Antrancine® 20 CH-P [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: BHA, propylgallate, citric acid and propylene glycol See Propyl gallate CAS 25013-16-5; 121-79-9; 77-92-9; 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 204-498-2; 201069-1; 200-338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for fish oils Antrancine® 25 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: BHA and sunflower oil See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil CAS 25013-16-5; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 232-273-9 Uses: Antioxidant in chewing gum Antrancine® 52 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: BHA, BHT and sunflower oil See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil CAS 25013-16-5; 128-37-0; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 204-881-4; 232273-9 62

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Antioxidant for use in foods Antrancine® 55 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: BHA, BHT and sunflower oil See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil CAS 25013-16-5; 128-37-0; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 204-881-4; 232273-9 Uses: Antioxidant for mayonnaise and dressings Antrancine® 220 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: TBHQ, citric acid and propylene glycol See t-Butyl hydroquinone CAS 1948-33-0; 77-92-9; 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 217-752-2; 201-069-1; 200338-0 Uses: Antioxidant in biscuits, frying oils, shortenings, and vegetable oils Regulatory: Not approved for use within the EU Antrancine® 342 Plus [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Tocopherol, ascorbyl palmitate, lecithin and sunflower oil See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil CAS 1406-18-4; 137-66-6; 8002-43-5; 8001-216; EINECS/ELINCS 215-798-8; 205-305-4; 232-307-2; 232-273-9 Uses: Antioxidant for use in foods AP™ 125 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fully-refined paraffin wax See Paraffin wax (petroleum), clay-treated CAS 64742-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-145-6 Uses: Lubricant, mold release, moisture resistance aid, retention aid, and thickener for foods Regulatory: 21CFR 172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Wh. waxy solid; m.p. 126 F AP™ 135 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fully-refined paraffin wax See Paraffin wax (petroleum), clay-treated CAS 64742-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-145-6 Uses: Lubricant, mold release, moisture resistance aid, retention aid, and thickener for foods Regulatory: 21CFR 172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Wh. waxy solid; m.p. 135 F AP™ 145 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fully-refined paraffin wax See Paraffin wax (petroleum), clay-treated CAS 64742-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-145-6 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Lubricant, mold release, moisture resistance aid, retention aid, and thickener for foods Regulatory: 21CFR 172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Wh. waxy solid; m.p. 145 F AP™ 150 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fully-refined paraffin wax See Paraffin wax (petroleum), clay-treated CAS 64742-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-145-6 Uses: Lubricant, mold release, moisture resistance aid, retention aid, and thickener for foods Regulatory: 21CFR 172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Wh. waxy solid; m.p. 150 F Apple esters - 1, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Nat. flavor in baked goods, beverages, sweet goods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21 CFR §172.510; 21 CFR §101.22; kosher Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; apple taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, oil, water Use Level: 0.01% Aquacoat® CPD [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose acetate phthalate aq. disp. USP/NF, Eur.Ph., JP CAS 9004-38-0 Uses: Enteric coating for nutritional prods. Features: Allows acid-sensitive substances to pass thru the stomach unaffected or to keep stomach-upsetting substances from releasing in the stomach; low visc.; nontacky Regulatory: GRAS; kosher Properties: Odorless; tasteless; visc. < 50 cp; pH 2-3; 19-27% CAP; 29-32% total solids Storage: 18 mos. shelf life when stored refrigerated @ 5 C; 9 mos. shelf life when stored @ ambient temps. Aquagel MP™ [Marcel Carrageenan http://www.marcel.com.ph] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Binder, appearance enhancer, texture improver, and fat-protein emulsion stabilzer for meat Features: Increases production yield; Improves texture, sliceability and mouthfeel of finished prod.; increases ability of meat to retain water during and after processing 63

Part I: Trade Name Reference Aquagel WD™ [Marcel Carrageenan http://www.marcel.com.ph] Chem. Descrip.: carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant in crystal cl. and fruit pulp water dessert gels Features: Provides enzyme stability to gels; provides a complete range of texture from soft to elastic to brittle gels Aqualon® 7H0F [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Improves mouthfeel, body, and texture, controls ice crystal formation in sherbet, frozen breakfast drinks; thickener inhibiting syneresis, preventing shrinkage in pie fillings; thickener, suspending aid in reduced-calorie beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol. Use Level: 0.05-0.2% (beverages), 0.1-0.5% (sherbet), 0.1-0.5% (pie fillings), 0.1-0.3% (frozen breakfast drinks) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7H0XF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for eggnog Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol. Use Level: 0.1-0.3% (eggnog) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7H3SF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for barbecue sauces, pickle relish; mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent, texturizer, ice crystal control agent in sherbet, frozen breakfast drinks; thickener inhibiting syneresis, preventing shrinkage in pie fillings; stabilizer in jams/jellies Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol.; bulk dens. 0.65-0.95 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

g/ml; visc. 1000-2800 cps; pH 6.5-8.5 (1%) Use Level: 0.05-0.1% (dietetic beverages), 0.10.5% (sherbet, pie fillings, barbecue sauces), 0.1-0.4% (jams), 0.1-0.7% (variegated syrup), 0.03-0.5% (instant hot cereal), 0.1-0.25% (sweet goods), 0.1-0.3% (breakfast drinks), 0.1-0.5% (meringues) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7H3SXF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Controls texture and sugar crystal size in frostings and icings; inhibits syneresis in puddings; thickener, improves mouthfeel, body in reduced-calorie cocoa mixes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol. Use Level: 0.05-0.5% (frostings), 0.1-0.3% (puddings), 0.2-0.5% (cocoa mixes) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7H4F [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent, texturizer, ice crystal control agent in ice cream; gravy thickener, processing aid in canned pet foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol.; bulk dens. 0.65-0.95 g/ml; visc. 3000-6000 cps; pH 6.5-8.5 (1%) Use Level: 0.1-0.25% (ice cream), 0.2-0.5% (canned pet food) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7H4XF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Improves mouthfeel, body, and texture, controls ice crystal formation in soft serve; gravy thickener, extrusion aid in dry pet foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol. Use Level: 0.1-0.5% (soft serve), 0.3-0.5% (pet 64

Part I: Trade Name Reference food) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7HC4F [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Improves mouthfeel, body, and texture, controls ice crystal formation in ice cream, ice milk Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol. Use Level: 0.1-0.25% (ice cream), 0.1-0.5% (ice milk) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7HCF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Improves mouthfeel, body, and texture, controls ice crystal formation in ice cream, ice milk Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol. Use Level: 0.1-0.25% (ice cream), 0.1-0.5% (ice milk) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7HF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent, texturizer, ice crystal control agent in ice cream, soft serve; syneresis inhibitor in puddings; bodying agent in reduced-calorie spreads; suspending aid in syrups, fruit drinks; stabilizer; binder, oil/fat barrier Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol.; bulk dens. 0.65-0.95 g/ml; visc. 1500-3000 cps; pH 6.5-8.5 (1%) Use Level: 0.1-0.25% (ice cream), 0.1-0.5% (soft serve), 0.1-0.3% (puddings), 0.1-0.3% (spreads), 0.1-0.7% (variegated syrup), 0.10.3% (marshmallow topping), 0.1-0.4% (batters), 0.1-0.3% (cake dry mix), 0.1-0.25% (sweet goods), 0.1-0.4% (tortillas) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7HXF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Improves mouthfeel, body, and texture, controls ice crystal formation in ice cream; improves mouthfeel and body in bar mixes, breakfast drinks, fruit drink mix Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol. Use Level: 0.1-0.25% (ice cream), 0.1-0.3% (bar mixes), 0.2-0.8% (breakfast drinks, fruit drink mix) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7LF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for table syrup; moisture retention aid, crystal size control agent in icings; binder and lubricant for animal feed pellets; mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent in bar mixes, hot chocolate mix Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol.; bulk dens. 0.65-0.95 g/ml; visc. 50-200 cps; pH 6.5-8.5 (1%) Use Level: 0.05-0.5% (icings), 0.1-1.0% (syrup), 0.1-0.3% (bar mixes), 0.1-0.4% (hot chocolate mix), 0.05-0.1% (animal feed) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7LXF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Improves mouthfeel, body, flavor perception in breakfast drinks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol. Use Level: 0.2-0.8% (breakfast drinks) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7M8SF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium 65

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Moisture retention aid, texturizer, crystal size control agent in donuts and sweet goods icings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol.; bulk dens. 0.65-0.95 g/ml; visc. 200-800 cps; pH 6.5-8.5 (1%) Use Level: 0.05-0.5% (icings) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 7MF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for marshmallow toppings; moisture retention aid, texturizer, crystal size control agent in icings; protein stabilizer in acidified milk; suspending aid, mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent in frozen breakfast drinks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol.; bulk dens. 0.65-0.95 g/ml; visc. 400-800 cps; pH 6.5-8.5 (1%) Use Level: 0.05-0.5% (icings), 0.1-0.3% (marshmallow topping), 0.2-0.3% (acidified milk), 0.1-0.3% (breakfast drinks) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 9H4F [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for chocolate toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol.; bulk dens. 0.65-0.95 g/ml; visc. 2500-6000 cps; pH 6.5-8.5 (1%) Use Level: 0.2-0.4% (chocolate topping) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 9H4XF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, suspending aid providing rapid visc. build in salad dressing mixes; moisture retention, extrusion aid in semimoist pet foods; improves flavor in breakfast drinks, fruit drink mix Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Water-sol. Use Level: 0.05-0.2% (salad dressing mix), 0.20.4% (pet food), 0.1-0.3% (dry cake mixes), 0.2-0.8% (breakfast drinks, fruit drink mix) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 9M8F [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for table syrup; binder, fat and oil barrier, suspending aid, visc. control agent for batter for deep-fat frying Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol.; bulk dens. 0.65-0.95 g/ml; visc. 400-800 cps; pH 6.5-8.5 (1%) Use Level: 0.1-1.0% (syrup), 0.1-0.4% (batter) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 9M8XF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener improving mouthfeel in reduced-calorie cocoa mixes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol. Use Level: 0.2-0.5% (cocoa mixes) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 9M31F [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for syrups; mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent, suspending agent in reduced-calorie beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol.; bulk dens. 0.65-0.95 g/ml; visc. 1500-3100 cps; pH 6.5-8.5 (1%) Use Level: 0.05-0.2% (beverages), 0.1-1.0% (syrups) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Aqualon® 9M31XF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 66

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Thickener, suspending aid providing rapid visc. build in salad dressing mixes; improves mouthfeel in reduced-calorie cocoa mixes, fruit drink mix; binder, fat/oil barrier, suspending aid in batters for deep frying Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS Properties: Water-sol. Use Level: 0.02-0.5% (cocoa mixes), 0.2-0.8% (fruit drink mix), 0.05-0.2% (salad dressing mix), 0.1-0.4% (batters) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin

Uses: Migrating from cotton/cotton fabrics in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 182.70; OSHA hazardous; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; SARA §302/304/313 nonreportable, §311/312 Fire Hazard; CERCLA, RCRA nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; odorless; water sol.; sp.gr. 1.59, 1.0068 (2%); bulk dens. 0.75 g/ml; visc. 15-30 cps (CMC-7L3T, 2%), 25-50 (CMC-7LT, 2%, CMC-7L1T, 4%), 80-200 cps (CMC-7L2T, 4%), 300-600 cps (CMC-7MT, 2%), 1600-3100 cps (CMC-7M31T, 2%); surf. tens. 71 dynes/cm (1%); ref. index 1.3355 (2%); pH 6.5-8.5 (1%); autoignition temp. > 698 F (dust); browning temp. 440 F Toxicology: May cause mild eye irritation; may cause skin irritation by abrasion; inh. may cause respiratory irritation; prolonged, repeated skin contact may cause sensitization; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Flamm. dust potential; wear safety glasses, impervious gloves, protective clothing; spills may be slippery; avoid generating dust Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, smoke HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area in closed container

Aqualon® Cellulose Gum [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, standard, food, and pharmaceutical grades See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Suspending agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1745, GRAS; DOT nonregulated; SARA §302/304/311/312/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. gran. powd.; odorless; water-sol.; sp.gr. 1.59; 8% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; may cause skin irritation by mech. abrasion; inh. of dust may cause respiratory tract irritation; repeated ing., skin contact may cause allergic reaction in susceptible individuals; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (rainbow trout or bluegill sunfish, 96 h) 100-1000 mg/l, pract. nontoxic Precaution: Flamm. dust; may cause flamm. dust-air mixts.; static charges may cause flash fire; avoid conditions that generate dust; spills may be slippery; keep away from heat, flame, sparks Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, smoke HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; keep container closed when not in use; do not store indirect sunlight, or expose to UV radiation

Aqualon® N-7 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Color stabilizer for easily oxidizable substances; diluent in colorants and inks for marking foods; binder, filler in dry vitamin preps. and animal feed; flavor fixing agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1(b), 73.1001, 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Sol. in various org. solvs. incl. alcohols, hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones; visc. 5.6-8 cps (5% in 80 parts toluene, 20 parts ethanol); 3% max. moisture

Aqualon® CMC-T [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC, tech. grades See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8% max. CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8

Aqualon® N-10 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Color stabilizer for easily oxidizable substances; diluent in colorants and inks

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Part I: Trade Name Reference for marking foods; binder, filler in dry vitamin preps. and animal feed; flavor fixing agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1(b), 73.1001, 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Sol. in various org. solvs. incl. alcohols, hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones; visc. 8-11 cps (5% in 80 parts toluene, 20 parts ethanol); 3% max. moisture Aqualon® N-14 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Color stabilizer for easily oxidizable substances; diluent in colorants and inks for marking foods; binder, filler in dry vitamin preps. and animal feed; flavor fixing agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1(b), 73.1001, 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Sol. in various org. solvs. incl. alcohols, hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones; visc. 12-16 cps (5% in 80 parts toluene, 20 parts ethanol); 3% max. moisture Aqualon® N-22 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Color stabilizer for easily oxidizable substances; diluent in colorants and inks for marking foods; binder, filler in dry vitamin preps. and animal feed; flavor fixing agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1(b), 73.1001, 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Sol. in various org. solvs. incl. alcohols, hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones; visc. 18-24 cps (5% in 80 parts toluene, 20 parts ethanol); 3% max. moisture Aqualon® N-50 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Color stabilizer for easily oxidizable substances; diluent in colorants and inks for marking foods; binder, filler in dry vitamin preps. and animal feed; flavor fixing agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1(b), 73.1001, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

172.868, 573.420 Properties: Sol. in various org. solvs. incl. alcohols, hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones; visc. 40-52 cps (5% in 80 parts toluene, 20 parts ethanol); 3% max. moisture Aqualon® N-100 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Color stabilizer for easily oxidizable substances; diluent in colorants and inks for marking foods; binder, filler in dry vitamin preps. and animal feed; flavor fixing agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1(b), 73.1001, 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Sol. in various org. solvs. incl. alcohols, hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones; visc. 80-105 cps (5% in 80 parts toluene, 20 parts ethanol); 3% max. moisture Arasco® [Martek Biosciences http://www.martekbio.com] Chem. Descrip.: Arachidonic acid (40%) CAS 506-32-1; EINECS/ELINCS 208-033-4 Uses: Vegetable oil from fungi to supplement infant formula (in conjunction with RBDDhasco®) Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Yel. cl. liq. Archer Soybean Oil 86-070-0 [ADM Refined Oils http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soybean oil See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil CAS 8001-22-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-274-4 Uses: Veg. oil for mayonnaise, salad dressings, spreads, canned foods, sauces, bakery goods Features: Refined, bleached, deoderized Properties: Cl. brilliant oil, bland flavor; iodine no. 125±4; peroxide no. 1 Arco B [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patcoadditives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Flour, monocalcium phosphate, salt, ammonium sulfate, potassium bromate, potassium iodate See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Sodium chloride Uses: Yeast food for yeast-raised baked goods Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; 0.23-0.27% total oxidant 68

Part I: Trade Name Reference Arco B NB [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate, salt, wheat flour, ascorbic acid, ammonium sulfate, ADA and amylolytic enzyme See LAscorbic acid; Sodium chloride; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Bromate replacer in bread, buns, and rolls Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 9.511.5% moisture; 70-72% ash Arcon® F [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 9% max. moisture; 19% total dietary fiber; 290 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein supplement for specialty foods Features: Soluble sugars and anti-nutritional factors removed, bland flavor Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Free-flowing powd.; 69% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Arcon® G [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 9% max. moisture; 19% total dietary fiber; 290 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein supplement for specialty foods; meets requirements for military ground beef applications Features: Soluble sugars and anti-nutritional factors removed, bland flavor Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Granules; 69% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Arcon® Plus 411 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc. and isolated soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 12% total dietary fiber; 320 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein supplement, water binder, emulsifier for use in processed meat prods., bakery prods., and nutritional Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

powder drink bases Features: Water-washed, high protein solubility, low flavor profile, good dispersibility Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Fine powd.; water-dispersible; pH (10% disp. in water) 7.0-7.4; 77% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Arcon® S [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 20% total dietary fiber; 290 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein supplement, water binder, fat emulsifier for use in meat prods., creambased soups and sauces, bakery products, and nutritional powder drink bases Features: Low flavor profile, high protein solubility, dispersible Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Fine powd.; pH (10% disp. in water) 7.0-7.4; 72% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Arcon® SF [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc., sodium acid pyrophosphate, and carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 290 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; 7758-16-9; 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8; 231-835-0; 232524-2 Uses: Protein supplement specially developed for dry addition applics. in emulsified meat systems Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% through #100 U.S. Standard; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.0-6.5; 65% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Arcon® SH [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein, sodium acid pyrophosphate, and corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein 69

Part I: Trade Name Reference Chem. Analysis: 9% max. moisture; 320 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; 7758-16-9; 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8; 231-835-0; 232679-6 Uses: Protein supplement specially developed for use in whole muscle injection and restructured meat applics. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% through #100 U.S. Standard; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.0-6.5; 52% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Arcon® SJ [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 19% total dietary fiber; 290 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein supplement, water binder, emulsifier for use in emulsified meat prods., surimi analogs, coarse ground meat systems, etc. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Fine powd.; 68% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Arcon® SK Fortified [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc., zinc oxide, niacinamide, ferrous sulfate, copper gluconate, vitamin A palmitate, calcium pantothenate,; thiamine mononitrate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, and cyanocobalamin See Calcium Dpantothenate; Copper gluconate (ic); Ferrous sulfate anhydrous; Pyridoxine HCl; Retinyl palmitate; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Thiamine nitrate Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 20% total dietary fiber; 290 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; 1314-13-2; 98-92-0; 7720-787; 527-09-3; 79-81-2; 137-08-6; 532-43-4; 5856-0; 83-88-5; 68-19-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232720-8; 215-222-5; 202-713-4; 231-753-5; 208408-2; 201-228-5; 205-278-9; 208-537-4; 200386-2; 201-507-1; 200-680-0 Uses: Protein supplement, water binder, fat emulsifier for use in emulsified meat and bakery prods., nutritional powd. drink Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bases Features: Low flavor profile, high protein solubility, good dispersibility Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Fine powd.; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.8-7.2; 70% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Arcon® SM [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 20% total dietary fiber; 290 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein supplement, water binder, emulsifier for use in processed meat prods., bakery prods., and nutritional powder drink bases Features: Water-washed, high protein solubility, low flavor profile, good dispersibility Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Fine powd.; pH (10% disp. in water) 7.0-7.4; 70% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Arcon® T, Fortified Arcon T [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Textured soy protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein for ground meats, fish, poultry; 21% total dietary fiber; 290 calories/100 g Properties: Variety of textures, sizes, colors; 69% min. protein, 9% max. moisture Arcon® VF [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 19% dietary fiber; 9% max. moisture,;290 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein source for protein supplement in meat system Features: Bland taste Properties: Free-flowing very fine powd.; 69% min. protein, 9% max. moisture Arcon® VF [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 9% max. moisture; 19% total 70

Part I: Trade Name Reference dietary fiber; 290 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein supplement for specialty foods Features: Soluble sugars and anti-nutritional factors removed, bland flavor Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Fine powd.; 69% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Ardex® F [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6.5% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein supplement for specialty food applics.; emulsifier and emulsion stabilizer; combined with sweet dairy whey for use as a non-fat dry milk replacer in margarine, batters, and confections; used in imitation dairy-type products, nutritional applications, baby foods, and sauces Features: Low viscosity, highly soluble, low flavor and odor profile Properties: 90% through #100 U.S. Standard; pH 6.8-7.3; 90% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Ardex® F Dispersible [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6.5% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein supplement for specialty food applics.; emulsifier and emulsion stabilizer; combined with sweet dairy whey for use as a non-fat dry milk replacer in margarine, batters, and confections Features: Readily dispersible, low viscosity, highly soluble, low flavor and odor profile Properties: 90% through #100 U.S. Standard; pH 6.8-7.3; 90% min. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store < 75 F and 60% relatve humidity Ardex F® [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6.5% max. moisture Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein supplement for infant formulas, processed dairy foods, milk replacer Features: Readily dispersible, low viscosity, highly soluble, low flavor, low odor Properties: pH 6.8-7.2; 90% min. protein, Arise 5000™ [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat protein isolate See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein Uses: Film-former, water migration control agent, shelf life extender for frozen and refrigerated dough, frozen bread dough, par-baked dough, par-baked pizza crust, pocket sandwiches, dry mixes like breads and cakes Features: Enhances crispness; reduced mix time, increased water absorption and increased processing tolerance for improved volume, symmetry, and cell structure Properties: Pale cream, clean fresh odor; sol. in water Storage: Store under cool, dry and sanitary conditions Arise 6000™ [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat protein isolate See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein Uses: Protein supplement, rheology modifier, texturizer, water binder for foods, panbaked bread, frozen bread doughs Features: Improves texture and firmness of prod.; excellent water absorption and binding capacity Properties: Pale cream color; clean, fresh odor Use Level: 3-8% Storage: Store under cool, dry and sanitary conditions Arise 8000™ [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat protein isolate See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein Uses: Protein supplement for breads, rolls, bakery mixes, breakfast cereals, breadings and snack foods Features: Where strength, elasticity, exceptional functionality and high protein content are required Properties: Pale cream color; clean, fresh odor Storage: Store under cool, dry and sanitary conditions Arlac P® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. 71

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium lactate FCC Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 5 ppm max.; methanol and methyl esters 250 ppm max.; chloride 500 ppm max. CAS 996-31-6; EINECS/ELINCS 213-631-3 Uses: Antimicrobial, shelf life extender for meat, poultry, and seafood prods.; preservative, humectant, flavor, buffer in foods Regulatory: GRAS; FCC, JECFA, E326 compliance; FDA 21CFR §184.1639 Properties: Colorless, transparent liq.; sl. saline taste; m.w. 128.18; sp.gr. 1.310-1.340; dens. 12 lb/gal; pH 6.5-7.5; 58-62% lactate Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store in tightly closed container Arlac S® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium lactate Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 5 ppm max.; methanol and methyl esters 250 ppm max.; chloride 500 ppm max. CAS 72-17-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-772-0 Uses: Antimicrobial, shelf life extender for meat, poultry, and seafood prods.; preservative, humectant, flavor, buffer in foods Regulatory: GRAS; USP, FCC, JECFA, E325 compliance; FDA 21CFR §184.1768 Properties: Colorless, transparent liq.; sl. saline taste; m.w. 112.06; sp.gr. 1.310-1.340; dens. 12 lb/gal; pH 6.5-7.5; 58-62% lactate Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store in tightly closed container Arlacel® 186 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate, propylene glycol See Glyceryl oleate; Propylene glycol CAS 67701-32-0; 57-55-6 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier Regulatory: SARA §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Pale yel. cl. liq.; sol. in ethanol, IPA, cottonseed and min. oils; sp.gr. 1; visc. 150 cps; HLB 2.8; flash pt. (COC) > 300 F; nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: Nonirritant by ing., inh., or skin contact Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ 50-90 F in original closed containers Aromahop® [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Beta-acid hop oil fraction isolated from Pfico2-Hop, hops extract See Hops (Humulus lupulus) extract Uses: Brewery additive providing consistent bitter-free source of hop aroma and flavor in beer brewed for light stability Features: For brewkettle addition Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21 CFR §182.20 Properties: Semi-solid Storage: Store at R.T. or under refrigeration Aromahop® OE [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Beta-acid hop oil fraction of CO2 hop extract See Hops (Humulus lupulus) extract Chem. Analysis: 25-35% hop oils Uses: Brewery additive providing hop aroma without bitterness in beer brewed for light stability Features: For brew kettle addition Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FDA 21 CFR §182.20 Properties: Dk. yel.-brn. to dk. grn. or blk. paste; dens. 0.9-1.1 g/ml Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store at 15-25 C in full, closed containers Aromild® [Mitsubishi Int'l. Food http://www.mifiusa.com] Chem. Descrip.: yeast extract Chem. Analysis: Total nitrogen > 6%; NaCl < 10%; heavy metals < 20 ppm; arsenic < 2 ppm CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Flavor in meats, poultry, fish, seafood, vegetables, condiments, soups, snack foods, gravies, sauces, seasonings, sweets, baby foods Features: Very strong taste, 10 times stronger than MSG; reduced salty, sour taste; does not contain MCP, DCP Properties: Lt. yel. powd.; weak yeast odor Arovas [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Complete curing compd. with reduced phosphate content Uses: Curing agent for cooked hams, pork loins, bacon, poultry prods. Ascend™ Trehalose [Cargill Foods 72

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Trehalose CAS 99-20-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-739-6 Uses: Mild sweetener, preservative in baked goods, beverages, confectionery, frozen food, fruit preparations, ice cream, desserts, surimi, frozen fish, tablets Features: Nonhygroscopic; high sol.; moisture barrier; low pH stability; high glass transition temp.; non-browning Regulatory: GRAS; approved in Japan, Taiwan, Korea; kosher Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; pH 4.5-6.5; > 98% Trehalose Ascorbic Acid Tablets 120 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ascorbic acid; inert edible excipients See L-Ascorbic acid Uses: Dough conditioner Features: Increases loaf volume; improves crumb structure Properties: Wh. to lt. beige tablets; 5.45 g ascorbic acid/tablet Use Level: 0.5-2 tablets per 100 lbs of flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 6 mos. Ascorbic Acid USP, FCC [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ascorbic acid USP, FCC, EP See L-Ascorbic acid CAS 50-81-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-066-2 Uses: Vitamin C source, antioxidant in foods (gelatin prods.); flavoring agent Features: Used where mesh range is critical in providing uniformity in granular foods, e.g., gelatin prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Wh. or sl. yel. cryst. powd., pract. odorless, pleasantly tart taste; sol. 1 g/3 ml water, 30 ml alcohol; m.w. 176.13; bulk dens. 0.8-1.1 (tapped); m.p. 190 C; pH 1.9-2.4 (10% aq.); 99-100.5% assay Precaution: May deteriorate on exposure to atmospheric moisture, oxidizes readily in aq. sol'n.; avoid contact with iron, copper, or nickel salts Storage: Store in tight, light-resist. containers, optimally @ ≤ 72 F; avoid exposure to moisture and excessive heat Ascorbo-120 [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Coated ascorbic acid and other edible excipients See L-Ascorbic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 50-81-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-066-2 Uses: Dough conditioner, intermediate oxidizer providing machine tolerance and dough strength to bread flours Features: For high usage level applics.; esp. effective in whole grain prods. Properties: Tablets supplying 120 ppm ascorbic acid to each cwt of flour Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored under cool, dry conditions Ascorbo-160-2 Powder [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Coated ascorbic acid, calcium sulfate, and tricalcium phosphate See LAscorbic acid; Calcium phosphate tribasic Uses: Dough conditioner, intermediate oxidizer providing machine tolerance and dough strength to dry mixes and bases, esp. for whole grain variety breads Properties: Powd.; 1 oz supplies 60 ppm ascorbic acid/cwt of flour Use Level: 0.5-3 oz/cwt flour Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored under cool, dry conditions; close poly liner when not in use Ascorbo-C Tablets [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Coated ascorbic acid and other edible excipients See L-Ascorbic acid CAS 50-81-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-066-2 Uses: Dough conditioner, intermediate oxidizer providing machine tolerance and dough strength to bread flours Features: Used with bromate, azodicarbonamide, and iodates Properties: Tablets supplying 30 ppm ascorbic acid to each cwt of flour Use Level: 200 ppm max. ascorbic acid/cwt flour Asset [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour; enzymes; ascorbic acid; calcium peroxide; azodicarbonamide See L-Ascorbic acid; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Dough conditioner for yeast-raised baked goods Features: Potassium bromate substitute; oxidizing agents improve dough elasticity and gas retention for better oven spring and greater loaf volume Use Level: 1 oz per 100 lbs of flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Assist LC-5 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate, Lcysteine, tricalcium phosphate, silicon dioxide, corn starch See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Corn (Zea mays) starch; Silica Uses: Dough relaxer in pan breads, hearth breads, buns, and rolls Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; < 3% moisture; 5.5-5.75% L-cysteine Astor™ OK 6080 [Honeywell Spec. Wax & Addit. http://www.acwax.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline wax CAS 64742-42-3; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Wax for food coatings; chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.886, 178.3710; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia, Korea listed Properties: Wh. to brn. waxy solid (prill, pellet or slab form); waxy odor; insol. in water (1%); sp.gr. 0.83-0.87; visc. 18-23 cst (100 C); m.p. 65-90 C; congeal pt. 183-188 F; flash pt. (COC) > 260 C; ref. index 1.427-1.441 (100 C); 100% act. Toxicology: Exposure to fumes from melting may cause irritation to eyes, respiratory system; contact with molten material will cause thermal burns; contact with powd. may cause mech. irritation to eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Spillages may be slippery; melts in proximity to fire causing slippery floors; does not ignite readily, but will burn; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Fire may produce dense smoke and irritating or poisonous gases incl. CO, CO2 Storage: Avoid excess heat A-TAB® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium phosphate dibasic CAS 7757-93-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-826-1 Uses: Calcium source, phosphorus source for nutritional supplements Regulatory: USP, FCC, EP, DMF 8145, kosher Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; 1% max. on 20 mesh, 40% min. on 100 mesh; sl. sol in water (0.08 wt/wt% @100 C); insol. in alcohol; pH 5; hygroscopic; 98-105% assay; 7-8.5% loss on ignition; 29.1% Ca; 22.6% P Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

rat) > 10000 mg/kg Storage: Store in an area that is cool, dry, sanitary, isolated from all toxic and harmful substances Atlas® 1500 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Food emulsifier; emulsion stabilizer and film-former in caramels; retards starch crystallization in starch jellies; inhibits oil separation in peanut butter; in dehydrated potatoes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS, 184.1505; Canada compliance Properties: Ivory wh. flakes, bland odor and taste; sol. above its m.p. in IPA, veg., min. oils; m.p. 140 F; HLB 3.5; iodine no. < 5; flash pt. > 300 F; nonionic; 52% min. alpha monoglyceride Use Level: 0.5-1% (caramel), 0.25-0.5% on starch (starch jellies), 0.5-4% on fat (peanut butter), 0.5-1% (dehydrated potatoes), 0.250.5% on starch (starch jellies) Toxicology: Nonirritating to skin, noncorrosive Atlas® 5520 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides, polysorbate 60 with BHA, citric acid See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Food emulsifier, conditioner/softener for yeast-raised baked goods, e.g., bread, rolls; pan-release agent; when sprayed on buns, functions as pan release and minimzes seed loss; extends shelf life in doughnuts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, 172.836 Properties: Golden cl. liq.; sol. in veg. oils; disp. in water; m.p. 45 F; HLB 8.1; iodine no. 41; flash pt. > 300 F; 29% alpha monoglyceride Use Level: 0.6-0.8% on flour (bread), 1.25% on flour (doughnuts) Atmos® 150 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Food emulsifier for puddings, frozen desserts; emulsion stabilizer for icings; provides lubrication for taco shells; extrusion aid for pasta; also for coffee 74

Part I: Trade Name Reference whiteners, whipped toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS, §184.1505; Canada compliance Properties: Ivory wh. powd., bland odor and taste; sol. above its m.p. in veg. oils, min. oil, IPA; insol. in water, cottonseed oil; m.p. 140 F; HLB 3.2; iodine no. ≤ 5; flash pt. > 300 F; nonionic; 52% min. alpha monoglyceride Use Level: 4-6% in shortening (icings), 0.2-1% (puddings), 0.2-1% (tacos), 0.1-0.2% (frozen desserts) Toxicology: Nonirritating to skin, noncorrosive Atmos® 300 K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Food emulsifier; provides dispersibility in coffee whiteners, flavors; defoamer for sugar-protein syrup systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, kosher Properties: Lt. amber liq.; m.p. 71 F; HLB 2.8; iodine no. 68±3; nonionic; 46% min. alpha monoglyceride Use Level: 0.4% (coffee whiteners), 0.02-0.05% (defoaming) Atmos® 378 K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated blend of mono- and diglycerides, polysorbate 60, and sodium stearoyl lactylate See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier blend for cakes permitting use of vegetable oil in certain formulations; provides aeration and volume Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, 172.846 Properties: Ivory wh. plastic solid; HLB 5.5; iodine no. 5; 19% alpha monoglyceride Use Level: 1-2.75% on flour (cake) Atmul® 695 K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505 Properties: Amber semiliq.; m.p. 77 F; HLB 3.0; iodine no. 76±3; nonionic; 52% min. alpha monoglyceride Atmul® 1003 K [Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505 Properties: Ivory wh. plastic solid; m.p. 119 F; HLB 2.8; iodine no. 85±3; nonionic; 40% min. alpha monoglyceride Atomite® [IMERYS http://www.imerys.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (97.6%), MgCO3 (1.5%), moisture (0.2% max.) CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Pigment, filler, reinforcing agent for foods Features: High brightness, controlled particle size, easy dispersing grade Regulatory: NSF compliance Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; 3.0 µ mean particle size; fineness (Hegman) 6.0; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; bulk dens. 45 lb/ft3 (loose); surf. area 2.8 m2/g; oil absorp. 15; pH 9.5 (5% slurry); nonflamm. Toxicology: TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3, considered nuisance dust Precaution: Incompat. with acids Atsurf® 456K [Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglycerol ester Uses: Surfactant for food industry Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Properties: Liq. Atsurf® 596K [Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Surfactant for food industry Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Yel. cl. liq.; visc. 130 cps; HLB 2.8 Atsurf® HPLS [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fatty glyceride ester Uses: Bakery emulsifier Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Yel. cl. liq.; sp.gr. ≈ 0.96; visc. 70 cps (40 C), 9 cps (100 C); acid no. 2.0 max.; flash pt. > 149 C; 65% min. fatty glyceride; 1.0% max. water Storage: Good storage stability Avagel™ 520 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Moisturizer, moisture barrier, lubricant, 75

Part I: Trade Name Reference conditioner for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.880, 173.340, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570. 178.3700, 178.3910, 573.720 Properties: Opaque, white semi-solid; consistency 370 dmm Avagel™ 525 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Conditioner, lubricant, moisturizer, moisture barrier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880, 173.340, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 176.170 Properties: Lovibond 1.0Y max. color (2´´); odorless; tasteless; consistency 305 dmm Avagel™ 530 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of petrolatum, min. oils, and waxes See Mineral oil Uses: Release agent, lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 1.0Y max. color (2´´); odorless; tasteless Avagel™ 560 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Conditioner, lubricant, moisturizer, moisture barrier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880, 173.340, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 176.170 Properties: Wh., opaque, semisolid; consistency 305 dmm Avanel® S-74 [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alkyl ether sulfonate Uses: Boil-out surfactant for sugar beet and sugar cane processing Features: Mild; stable in presence of hypochlorite and over entire pH range Properties: Cl. liq., odorless; sol. in water and various inorg. sol'ns.; m.w. 260; sp.gr. 1.10; visc. 30 cps; solid. pt. -8 C; flash pt. 200 F; anionic; 35% conc. Environmental: biodeg. Avapol™ 20 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: POE (20) sorbitan Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

monolaurate See Polysorbate 20 CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3400; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Yel. to amber liq.; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.05; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; vapor dens. > 1; flash pt. (COC) 266 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 64 ml/kg; may cause skin, eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with fluorine, chlorine, strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, other toxic gases HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area in sealed, labeled containers Avapol™ 20K [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: POE (20) sorbitan monolaurate See Polysorbate 20 CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3400; CERCLA nonreportable; kosher Properties: Yel. to amber liq.; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.05; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; vapor dens. > 1; flash pt. (COC) 266 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 64 ml/kg; may cause skin, eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with fluorine, chlorine, strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, other toxic gases HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area in sealed, labeled containers Avapol™ 60 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: POE (20) sorbitan monostearate See Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Syn. flavoring agent, defoamer, emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetting agent, dough conditioner Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.836, 173.340, 178.3400; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Yel. soft solid; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.10; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; vapor dens. > 1; m.p. 25 C; b.p. > 200 C; flash pt. (COC) 285 C 76

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 64 ml/kg; primary skin irritation index (rabbit) 0.72; may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with fluorine, chlorine, strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, other toxic gases HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area in sealed, labeled containers Avapol™ 60K [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: POE (20) sorbitan monostearate See Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Defoamer, emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetting agent, dough conditioner Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.836, 173.340, 178.3400; CERCLA nonreportable; kosher Properties: Yel. soft solid; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.10; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; vapor dens. > 1; m.p. 25 C; b.p. > 200 C; flash pt. (COC) 285 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 64 ml/kg; primary skin irritation index (rabbit) 0.72; may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with fluorine, chlorine, strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, other toxic gases HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area in sealed, labeled containers Avapol™ 65 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: POE (20) sorbitan tristearate See Polysorbate 65 CAS 9005-71-4 Uses: Emulsifier, defoamer, dispersant, solubilizer, wetting agent in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.838, 173.340, 178.3400 Properties: Tan solid Avapol™ 80 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: POE (20) sorbitan monooleate See Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Defoamer, emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetting agent in food Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.840, 173.340, 175.105, 178.3400; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Yel to amber liq.; bland odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.06-1.09; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; vapor dens. > 1; m.p. -12 C; b.p. > 350 C; flash pt. (COC) 288 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 64 ml/kg; primary skin irritation index (rabbit) 0.13; may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with fluorine, chlorine, strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, other toxic gases HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area in sealed, labeled containers Avapol™ 80K [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: POE (20) sorbitan monooleate See Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Defoamer, emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetting agent in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.840, 173.340, 175.105, 178.3400; kosher, CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Yel to amber liq.; bland odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.06-1.09; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; vapor dens. > 1; m.p. -12 C; b.p. > 350 C; flash pt. (COC) 288 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 64 ml/kg; primary skin irritation index (rabbit) 0.13; may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with fluorine, chlorine, strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, other toxic gases HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area in sealed, labeled containers Avapol™ EMD [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethoxylated mono/diglycerides See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides CAS 61163-33-5 Uses: Emulsifier, crystal modifier, aeration enhancer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.834, kosher Properties: Pale yellow, semi-solid Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 64 ml/kg; primary 77

Part I: Trade Name Reference skin irritation index (rabbit) 0.13; may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with fluorine, chlorine, strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, other toxic gases HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area in sealed, labeled containers Avatar® Amber Petrolatum [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Processing aid, softener, internal/external lubricant, release agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880, 178.3700, 573.720 Properties: Lovibond 35Y/8R max. color (2´´); odorless; tasteless Avatar® Petrolatum SS [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Processing aid, softener, internal/external lubricant, release agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880, 178.3700, 573.720 Properties: Lovibond 35Y/8R max. color (2´´); odorless; tasteless Avatar® Snow White™ [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Processing aid, softener, internal/external lubricant, release agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; USDA H-1 and/or 3-H certified Properties: Lovibond 1.0Y max. color (2´´); odorless; tasteless Avatar® Soft White™ [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Processing aid, softener, internal/external lubricant, release agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; USDA H-1 and/or 3-H certified Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Lovibond 1.7Y max. color (2´´); odorless; tasteless Avatar® Yellow Petrolatum [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Processing aid, softener, internal/external lubricant, release agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880, 178.3700, 573.720 Properties: Lovibond 35Y/3R max. color (2´´); odorless; tasteless Avebe MD 20 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bodying agent, carrier, and dispersant in bakery prods. and instant desserts such as cookies, biscuits, and crackers Properties: Grans.; salty taste Avebe SPG 20 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spray-driedglucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Bodying agent, carrier, and dispersant in bakery prods. and instant desserts such as cookies biscuits and crackers Avebe SPG 30 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spray-driedglucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Filler and carrier for infant, diet and health foods Avester™ SMS sobitan ester [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan monostearate See Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier, defoamer, dispersant, solubilizer, wetting agent in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.842, 173.340, 175.105, 178.3400 Properties: Waxy, cream-colored solid AvGard TSP [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate See Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate CAS 10101-89-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-509-8 UN 3077 Uses: Processing aid for salmonella reduction in poultry 78

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1778; SARA acute health hazard; Canada DSL, Australia AICS, Japan MITI listed Properties: White, free-flowing granular solid; 100% through 10 mesh, 10% through 80 mesh; odorless; sol. 30% in water; m.w. 1560; bulk dens. 55 lb/ft3; m.p. 75 C; pH 11.8 (1%); noncombustible; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7400 mg/kg; causes eye burns, skin irritation; inh. may cause coughing, chest pain, shortness of breath, upper respiratory tract irritation; ing. may cause irritation, corrosion, burns to mouth/esophagus; TSCA listed Environmental: EC50 (daphnia magna, 96 h) 126 mg/l; pract. nontoxic Precaution: DOT environmental hazard; avoid moisture, strong acids, magnesium; potentially fatal CO gas can form in enclosed areas when alkaline prods. contact materials contg. sugars Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: NaOx, POx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry, well ventilated area, away from foodstuffs or animal feed; store in tightly closed containers Avicel® CL-611 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum USP/NF See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-34-6; 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Fat replacement, mouthfeel enhancer in foods; stabilizer in low-fat emulsions; foam stabilizer, ice crystal growth control agent, syneresis inhibitor, visc. builder, opacifier, particulate suspending agent for dressings, frozen desserts, whipped toppings Features: Imparts creamy mouthfeel; heat and freeze-thaw stable; stable @ pH 4-11 Regulatory: GRAS; kosher; CERCLA nonreportable; Australia AICS; China; Japan ENCS (8-568/8-203); Philippines PICCS Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; odorless; bulk dens. 0.6; pH 6-8 (2% solids disp.); volatiles ≈ 4% Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) > 5.82 mg/l Precaution: Slippery when wet Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Long shelf-life stability; hygroscopic; 2 yr. shelf life when stored in cool, dry place; avoid excessive heat and moisture Avicel® RC-501 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel in colloidal disp. See Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6 Uses: Fat replacement system imparting short creamy mouthfeel; stabilizer in low-fat emulsions; provides foam stability, controls ice crystal growth and syneresis, adds visc. and opacity, suspends particulates Regulatory: FDA GRAS Avicel® RC-581 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum USP/NF See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-34-6; 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Fat replacement, mouthfeel enhancer in foods; stabilizer in low-fat emulsions; foam stabilizer, ice crystal growth control agent, syneresis inhibitor, visc. builder, opacifier, particulate suspending agent in frozen desserts, whipped toppings Features: Imparts short creamy mouthfeel; heat and freeze-thaw stable; stable @ pH 4-11 Regulatory: FDA GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable; Australia AICS; China; Japan ENCS (8-568/8-203); Philippines PICCS Properties: Off-wh., free-flowing powd.; odorless; tasteless; insol. in water; bulk dens. 0.6; ignition temp. 420 C min.; pH 6-8 (2% solids disp.); volatiles ≈ 4% Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) > 5.82 mg/l Precaution: Slippery when wet NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Long shelf-life stability; hygroscopic; 2 yr. shelf life when stored in cool, dry place; avoid excessive heat and moisture Avicel® RC-591F [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose and Sodium carboxymethylcellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-34-6; 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9; 265-995-8 79

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Fat replacement system imparting creamy mouthfeel; stabilizer in low-fat emulsions; provides foam stability, controls ice crystal growth/syneresis, adds visc. and opacity, suspends particulates; for baked goods, sour cream, mayonnaise, frozen yogurt Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Off-wh., free-flowing, odorless powd.; disp. in water; density, bulk 0.6 g/cc; pH 6.08.0 (2% solids dispersion) Precaution: Accumulation of overhead settled dust may form explosive concs. in air when disturbed and dispersed; slippery when wet NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers away from excessive heat Avonlac™ 134 [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Conc. whey protein Chem. Analysis: 34% protein; 4.0% moisture; < 4.0% fat CAS 84082-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7 Uses: Nutritional supplement for bakery applics., beverage and dry mixes, ice cream, infant nutrition formulas, UHT milk, and processed cheeses Features: Good sol.; high water retention capacity Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: pH 6.0-7.0 (10% sol'n.) Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Avonlac™ 170 [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Conc. whey protein Chem. Analysis: 72% protein; 4.0% moisture; 15.0% fat CAS 84082-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7 Uses: Nutritional supplement and emulsifier for bakery applics., beverage and dry mixes, ice cream, infant nutrition formulas, UHT milk, and processed cheeses Features: Good sol.; high water retention capacity; reduced lactose Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: pH 6.5 (10% sol'n.) Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Avonlac™ 180 [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Conc. whey protein Chem. Analysis: 78% protein; 4.0% moisture; 9.5% fat CAS 84082-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7 Uses: Nutritional supplement and emulsifier for bakery applics., beverage and dry mixes, ice cream, infant nutrition formulas, UHT milk, and processed cheeses Features: Good sol.; high water retention capacity; reduced lactose Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: pH 6.5 (10% sol'n.) Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Avox™ 2 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ BHA (BHA)/Avox™ Propyl Gallate (propyl Gallate)/citric acid in propylene glycol Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, and chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.615; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Pale yel. liq. Avox™ 4 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ BHA (BHA), Avox™ BHT (BHT) in vegetable oil CAS 25013-16-5; 128-37-0; 68956-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 204-881-4; 273313-5 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, and frozen raw breaded shrimp Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §161.175, 164.110, 166.110, 172.110, 172.115; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Pale yel. liq. Avox™ 4B [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Avox™ BHA (BHA) in vegetable oil CAS 25013-16-5; 68956-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 273-313-5 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, frozen raw breaded shrimp, syn. flavoring substances and adjuvants; flavor adjuvant Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §161.175, 164.110, 166.110, 172.110, 172.115, 172.515, 172.615, 80

Part I: Trade Name Reference 182.3169; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Pale yel. liq. Avox™ 6 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ BHA (BHA, Avox™ BHT (BHT), Avox™ Propyl gallate (propyl gallate), citric acid in vegetable oil/propylene glycol/mono-diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 25013-16-5; 128-37-0; 121-79-9; 77-929,5949-29-1; 68956-68-3; 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 204-881-4; 204498-2; 201-069-1; 273-313-5; 200-338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, and chewing gum Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.615; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard Properties: Cl. amber liq.; sol. in water; sp. gr. 1.008; visc. 333 mPa.sm.p. < 0 C; b.p. > 482 F; flash pt. (COO) 113 C Toxicology: Sl. irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed Environmental: prevent runoff from entering drains, sewers, or streams Precaution: Wear chemical safety goggles, rubber gloves, impervious clothing, safety shoes; avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store at a minimum of 25 C to prevent crystallization or separation; contact with metals such as mild steel, black iron, brass or copper will result in color formation Avox™ 7 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ BHA (BHA)/Avox™ Avox™ Propyl gallate (propyl gallate)/citric acid in propylene glycol/mono-diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 25013-16-5; 121-79-9; 77-92-9; 57-55-6; 67254-73-3; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 204498-2; 201-069-1; 200-338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, and chewing gum Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.615; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Lt. brn. liq.

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Avox™ 8 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Avox™ BHT (BHT) (20%) in vegetable oil (80%) CAS 128-37-0; 68956-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-881-4; 273-313-5 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, chewing gum, enriched rice and frozen raw breaded shrimp Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.350, 161.175, 164.110, 166.110, 172.110, 172.115, 172.615, 182.3173; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosherSARA §311/312 acute health hazard Properties: Cl. golden liq.; sl. odor; negligibly sol. in water; sp. gr. 0.925; b.p. > 204 F; flash pt. (PMCC) 139 C Toxicology: Sl. irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed Environmental: prevent runoff from entering drains, sewers, or streams Precaution: Wear chemical safety goggles, rubber gloves, impervious clothing, safety shoes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store at a minimum of 25 C to prevent crystallization or separation; contact with metals such as mild steel, black iron, brass or copper will result in color formation Avox™ 20 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: TBHQ (20%), citric acid (10%), propylene glycol (70%) See t-Butyl hydroquinone Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts and margarine Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.185; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard Properties: Yel. cl. liq., mild odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.19; visc. 5.6 cst; m.p. 20 C; b.p. 100 C; pH 9 Toxicology: LD50 (rat) > 5 g/kg (pract. nontoxic); may cause eye/sl. skin irritation; inh. of spray-generated, conc. vapors or mist, may cause nose and throat irritation, headache, nausea and/or drowsiness; ing. of more than several mouthfuls may cause abdominal discomfort, nausea and diarrhea; aspiration may occur during swallowing or vomiting resulting in lung damage; TSCA listed 81

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: OSHA hazardous; sl. reactive to metals Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 and SOx from heating HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store at ≥ 25 C to prevent crystallization; do not store in open or unlabelled containers Avox™ 20A [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: TBHQ (32%), citric acid (3%), vegetable oil (30%), propylene glycol (15%), glyceryl monooleate (32%) See t-Butyl hydroquinone; Glyceryl oleate Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts and margarine Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.185; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard Properties: Lt. amber visc. liq., mild odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.19; visc. 369 mPa·s; flash pt. ≈ 126 C Toxicology: LD50 (rat) > 5 g/kg (pract. nontoxic); may cause eye/sl. skin irritation; inh. of spray-generated, conc. vapors or mist, may cause nose and throat irritation, headache, nausea and/or drowsiness; ing. of more than several mouthfuls may cause abdominal discomfort, nausea and diarrhea; aspiration may occur during swallowing or vomiting resulting in lung damage; TSCA listed Precaution: OSHA hazardous; sl. reactive to metals Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 and SOx from heating HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store between 10-32 C to avoid separation; do not store in open or unlabelled containers Avox™ 20B [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ TBHQ (TBHQ), citric acid in propylene glycol See t-Butyl hydroquinone CAS 1948-33-0; 77-92-9; 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 217-752-2; 201-069-1; 200338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts and margarine Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.185; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Amber liq. Avox™ 21 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: TBHQ (20%), citric acid (1%), vegetable oil (32%), propylene glycol (15%), glyceryl monooleate (32%) See t-Butyl hydroquinone; t-Butyl hydroquinone Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts and margarine Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.185; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard Properties: Lt. amber liq., mild odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.19; visc. 5.6 cst; b.p. 205 C; flash pt. ≈ 112 C; autoignition temp. 423 C Toxicology: LD50 (rat) > 5 g/kg (pract. nontoxic); may cause eye/sl. skin irritation; inh. of spray-generated, conc. vapors or mist, may cause nose and throat irritation, headache, nausea and/or drowsiness; ing. of more than several mouthfuls may cause abdominal discomfort, nausea and diarrhea; aspiration may occur during swallowing or vomiting resulting in lung damage; TSCA listed Precaution: OSHA hazardous; sl. reactive to metals Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 and SOx from heating HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store between 10-32 C to avoid separation; do not store in open or unlabelled containers Avox™ 22 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ BHA (BHA), Avox™ TBHQ (TBHQ), citric acid in propylene glycol See BHA; t-Butyl hydroquinone CAS 25013-16-5; 1948-33-0; 77-92-9,5949-29-1; 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 217752-2; 201-069-1; 200-338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts and margarine Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Amber liq.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Avox™ 25 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ BHT (BHT, Avox™ TBHQ (TBHQ), citric acid in vegetable oil/propylene glycol/monodiglycerides See t-Butyl hydroquinone; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 128-37-0; 1948-33-0; 77-92-9; 68956-68-3; 57-55-6; 67254-73-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204881-4; 217-752-2; 201-069-1; 273-313-5; 200338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts and margarine Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Golden brn. liq. Avox™ 26 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ BHA (BHA), Avox™ BHT (BHT), citric acid in vegetable oil/propylene glycol/mono-diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 25013-16-5; 128-37-0; 77-92-9; 68956-683; 57-55-6; 67254-73-3; EINECS/ELINCS 246563-8; 204-881-4; 201-069-1; 273-313-5; 200338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts and margarine Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Golden brn. liq. Avox™ 27 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ BHA (BHA), Avox™ TBHQ (TBHQ), citric acid in propylene glycol/mono-diglycerides See tButyl hydroquinone; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 25013-16-5; 1948-33-0; 77-92-9, 57-55-6; 67254-73-3; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 217752-2; 201-069-1; 200-338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts and margarine Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Golden brn. liq. Avox™ A [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ BHA (BHA), citric acid in propylene glycol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 25013-16-5; 77-92-9; 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 201-069-1; 200338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, chewing gum, enriched rice and frozen raw breaded shrimp; flavor adjuvant Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §161.175, 164.110, 166.110, 172.110, 172.115, 172.515, 172.615, 182.3169; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Pale yel. liq. Avox™ BHA [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHA CAS 25013-16-5; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, chewing gum, enriched rice and frozen raw breaded shrimp Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.350, 161.175, 164.110, 166.110, 172.110, 172.115, 172.615, 182.3173; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Wh., waxy flake Avox™ BHT [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHT CAS 128-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-881-4 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, chewing gum, personal care, pet care, enriched rice and frozen raw breaded shrimp Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.350, 161.175, 164.110, 166.110, 172.110, 172.115, 172.615, 182.3173; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Wh. crystalline solid Avox™ Propyl Gallate [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester See Propyl gallate CAS 121-79-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-498-2 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, and chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.615, 184.1660; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. Avox™ R [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ BHA (BHA), citric acid in propylene glycol CAS 25013-16-5; 77-92-9; 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8; 201-069-1; 20083

Part I: Trade Name Reference 338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for food Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Pale yel. liq. Storage: * Avox™ S-1 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ Propyl gallate (propyl gallate), citric acid in propylene glycol CAS 121-79-9; 77-92-9; 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-498-2; 201-069-1; 200338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, and chewing gum Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.615, 184.1660; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Lt. amber liq. Avox™ S-2 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Avox™ Propyl gallate (propyl gallate), citric acid in propylene glycol CAS 121-79-9; 77-92-9; 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-498-2; 201-069-1; 200338-0 Uses: Antioxidant for mixed nuts, margarine, and chewing gum Features: Aids the preservation of taste, odor and color integrity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.615, 184.1660; FDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; kosher Properties: Lt. amber liq. Axol® C 62 [Evonik Goldschmidt GmbH http://www.goldschmidt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid ester of glycerol mono/distearates See Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-05-6 Uses: Food emulsifier, surfactant Regulatory: EU E472c, German food compliance Properties: Wh.-ivory powd., char. odor; disp. in water, warm essential oils; insol. in veg. oils; sp.gr. 0.900; m.p. 58-64 C; HLB 10.0±1; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 215-265; flash pt. > 100 C; pH 6.0 (50 g/l water); anionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: Nonhazardous; avoid formation of dusts

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aytex®-P [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch, highly refined, unmodified See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture, 0.4% protein CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Ingred. for breakfast cereals, bakery mixes, soups, sauces Features: Delicate texture, flavor, and light color; cooked pastes are resist. to overmixing and tolerant to reheating Properties: Brilliant wh. powd.; pH 6.0 Storage: 1 yr. max. shelf life; store in cool, dry location; keep container closed when not in use B-45 [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: A no-time dough accelerant and conditioner for all breads Properties: Powd. BGL™ 355 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate CAS 58748-27-9; EINECS/ELINCS 271-516-3 Uses: Solvent and carrier for flavors; energy source in nutritional foods and beverages Regulatory: 21CFR §170.30, 172.856, 173.340, 175.300, 176.170, 176.210, 177.2800 Properties: Clear liq. BP Pyro [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Leavening agent for baking powds., baking creams, and prepared doughnut and cake mixes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1087 Properties: Wh. crystalline powd. or solid; odorless; sol. in water; m.w. 222.15; dens. 0.61 g/ml ; m.p. > 900 C; pH 2.8-4.5 (1 wt/wt%); hygroscopic; 100% Toxicology: OSHA:TWA 2.5 mg/m3 (total dust); LD50 (oral, mouse) 2650 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 300 mg/kg; acute eye irritant; low acute irritant to skin and on inh. and ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid dusting conditions, heat, open flame, sparks, static electricty, strong oxidizing agents and bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: POx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in a sanitary, 84

Part I: Trade Name Reference dry, cool, isolated area away from all toxic and harmful substances Bacom [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids, acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids, potassium hydroxide CAS 67254-73-3; 977093-27-8; 1310-58-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-181-3 Uses: Softener and shelf-life extender for bread, morning goods, bun doughs and cake Properties: Liq. Use Level: 1-2% to bread, morning goods, buns doughs and cake Toxicology: May cause eye and skin irritation; prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis Environmental: readily biodeg. Storage: Store in orig. pkg. in cool, dry place 21825 Bacom [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Water, mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids, diacetyltartaric and fatty acid esters of glycerol See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods; color enhancer, texturizer for crumbs Use Level: 1-2% calc. on flour wt. Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in cool and dry conditions Bagel Base [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate, ascorbic acid, potassium bromate, L-cysteine hydrochloride See L-Ascorbic acid; Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous Uses: Dough conditioner for bagels Features: Conc. Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 0.50-1.0%/cwt flour Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored under cool, dry conditions Baka-Snak® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Texturizer, shelf life extender, volume control agent, crisping agent for baked or fried puffed snacks, cookies, crackers, breading mixes, other baked goods, pet Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods, confectionery intermediates, instant puddings Features: Pregelatinized; contributes to uniform cell structure and reduces breakage in prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Bakels Thickener [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acetylated distarch adipate CAS 63798-35-6 Uses: Thickener for foods Properties: Powd. Toxicology: Contains substances, which may cause sensitization, allergic, or irritant response; may cause irritation of the resp. tract Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Wear eye, skin, and resp. protection; avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in cool and dry conditions Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch; ferrous sulfate; niacin; thiamine hydrochloride; riboflavin; tricalcium phosphate; folic acid See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Ferrous sulfate anhydrous; Nicotinic acid; Thiamine HCl; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Vitamin source, iron source for bread, buns, rolls Features: Meets std. for enriched bread, rolls, and buns Regulatory: 21 CFR 136.115 Properties: Free-flowing powd. 85

Part I: Trade Name Reference Use Level: ½ oz/100 lb flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch; niacin; reduced iron; thiamine hydrochloride; riboflavin; folic acid; tricalcium phosphate See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Nicotinic acid; Thiamine HCl; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Vitamin source, iron source for bread, buns, rolls Features: Meets std. for enriched bread, rolls, and buns Use Level: ¼ oz/100 lb flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use BakeSmart® [Advanced Ingreds. http://www.advancedingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose syrup, dextrose, and fiber See Glucose; Glucose, liquid CAS 8027-56-3; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1 Uses: Moisture control agent in baked goods, fillings for pies, donuts and pastries, dough, pretzels, tortilla, etc. Features: Cuts total ingredient costs, increases production yields and increases shelf life, which reduces spoils and returns Properties: Cream-gold powd., odorless, sweetpowdery taste; completely sol. in water; dens. 26 lb/ft3 Toxicology: Noncarcinogenic; not harmful Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Avoid powerful oxidizing agents such as perchloric acid Storage: 12 mos. shelf life if stored inunopened containers; store @ ≤ 85 F; after opening, use the remaining contents within two weeks Bake Soft [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour, calcium sulfate, salt, calcium carbonate, and enzyme See Sodium chloride; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Product line of enzymatic softeners for wh. bread, hamburger buns, sweet rolls, donuts Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; 11.5-14% moisture; 3.4-4.5% salt Bake-Well 52 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Soy oil, coconut oil, mineral oil (25%), and lecithin See Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Uses: Release agent, antisticking agent for baking pans, molds, and conveyor belts Properties: Amber liq.; iodine no. 50-60; smoke pt. 325 F Bake-Well 80/20 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Soy oil, white mineral oil USP (20%), and lecithin (1.75-2.25%) See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Uses: Release agent, antisticking agent for baking pans, molds, and conveyor belts Properties: Amber liq.; i.v. 100-110; smoke pt. 325 F Bake-Well Bun Release [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono-diglycerides, polysorbate 60 (35-37%), water, and propylene glycol See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Bun pan release agent Properties: Amber liq.; i.v. 39-44; 24% min. mono Bake-Well Divider Oil [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mineral oil USP EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for use in dough dividers Properties: Cl. liq.; sp.gr. 0.86-0.89; visc. 63-72 cps; flash pt. 445 F Bake-Well All Vegetable High Stability Pan Oil [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Soy oil, white mineral oil (25%), and lecithin (0.5%) See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Uses: Pan/mold release agent Properties: Amber liq.; i.v. 80-92; smoke pt. 330 F min. Bake-Well K Machine Oil [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mineral oil USP EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for use in dough dividers Properties: Cl. liq.; visc. 38-43 cps; flash pt. 400 86

Part I: Trade Name Reference F BAN 800 MG [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bacterial amylase CAS 9000-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7 Uses: Bread softening agent Features: Used where elasticity of the bread is not an important criteria Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored at 25 C; longer shelf life when stored at 5 C; store under dry and cold condition preferable under refrigeration Banana Essence - 1000 Fold Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: fresh bananas Uses: Banana flavoring agent in water based aroma system is used to impart a banana flavour, esp. in refrigerated beverages and in refrigerated and frozen dairy prods.; used in combination with banana puree and other ingredients to enhance the banana aroma of a product Features: No solvents, processing aids or stabilizers have been added; characteristic esters, aldehydes, ketones and other components give strength and character to the banana essence Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; GMO compliant Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; intense banana odor; sol. in water, ethanol, propylene glycol; insol. in vegetable oils Use Level: 1% by weight and then adjusted up or down Storage: 12 mos. when stored @ < 7 C in sealed containers away from air, light; do not freeze Banana Essence 1000 Fold Natural [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Banana essence contg. acetaldehyde, ethanol, diacetyl, butyrate, butyl acetate, ethyl-2-methyl butyrate, 2hexenal, isoamyl acetate, methyl amylketone, isoamyl alcohol, etc. Uses: Banana flavoring agent in foods Features: Produces natural fresh banana effect comprising top and body notes of ripe banana fruit for water-based flavor systems; also in combination with other fruit extracts for tropical or exotic fruit effect Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified Properties: Colorless cl. liq., intense odor and taste of fresh bananas of the Cavendish Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

variety; sol. in water, ethanol, propylene glycol; insol. in veg. oils; sp.gr. 1.0; m.p. 0 C; b.p. 99100 C; flash pt. > 80 C Use Level: 0.5-1% (fruit drinks, Italian ices), 1% (ice cream), 1-1.5% (sparkling waters), 1-2% (yogurt) Toxicology: Possible dizziness, light-headed feeling Storage: > 12 mos. stability stored below 7 C in sealed containers away from air and light; avoid freezing Banana Flakes Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: fresh bananas Chem. Analysis: 2.5% moisture; protein 3.7%; fat 0.5%; 80% carbohydrates Uses: Flavoring agent for dry fruit preparations, powdered drinks, cake mixes, fruit preps., nectars, juices, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, baby food, ice cream, yogurt and other frozen desserts and soft food diets Features: Flakes reconstituted 1:3 with water is used in the same traditional uses as fresh mashed bananas; no additives or carriers are used Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified, GMO compliant Properties: Creamy ylsh. flakes; ripe banana odor; acidity 1-2% Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed, high dens. PE containers Banana Powder - Trofi Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cavendish bananas Chem. Analysis: Moisture 3.0% max.; fat 0.5%; protein 3.7%; 80% carbohydrates; 350 cal/ 100 g Uses: Flavoring agent in foods such as fruit preparations, nectars, juices, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, baby food, ice cream, yogurt, frozen desserts, and soft food diets Features: Puree made by reconstituting one part powd. with three parts water; carriers and additives are not used Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; GMO complaint Properties: Creamy ylsh. powd.; mashed banana odor; dens. 600-680 g/l; acidity 1-2% Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed containers Banana Treattarome 9730 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd 87

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isoamyl acetate, butyl acetate, pentan-2-yl acetate, pentan-2-yl butyrate See s-Amyl acetate; n-Butyl acetate; 2-Pentyl butyrate CAS 123-92-2; 123-86-4; 626-38-0; 60415-61-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-662-3; 204-658-1 Uses: Banana flavor for food Features: Intense banana, fruity and estery Properties: Banana flavor Use Level: < 0.05% Bareco® C-1035 [Baker Petrolite/Polymers http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite/p olymers] Chem. Descrip.: Hard microcrystalline wax consisting of n-paraffinic, branched paraffinic, and naphthenic hydrocarbons CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Chewing gum base; microcapsules for flavoring substances Regulatory: Incl. FDA §172.230, 172.615, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 178.3710, 179.45 Properties: Color 0.5 (D1500) wax; very low sol. in org. solvs.; sp.gr. 0.93; visc. 80-110 SUS (99 C); m.p. 94 C Bareco® C-4040 [Baker Petrolite/Polymers http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite/p olymers] Chem. Descrip.: Synthetic wax CAS 8002-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Uses: Chewing gum base; protective coating on fruits and vegetables; defoamer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.888, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3720, 178.3850, 179.45 Properties: Visc. 4.5-8.3 cP (149 C); m.p. 100106.5 C Bareco® PX-100 [Baker Petrolite/Polymers http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite/p olymers] Chem. Descrip.: Synthetic wax CAS 8002-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Uses: Chewing gum base; food applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.250 Properties: Visc. 8.6-11.7 cP (120 C); congeal pt. 97-99 C Bareco® SP-200 [Baker Petrolite/Polymers http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite/p Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

olymers] Chem. Descrip.: Synthetic wax copolymer CAS 8002-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Uses: Chewing gum base; protective coating on fruits and vegetables; defoamer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.888, 178.3720 Properties: Visc. 9.7-13.5 cP (99 C); m.p. 9398.5 C Bar ENRICH™ 040 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat gluten See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten CAS 8002-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-317-7 Uses: Cereal bar binding system; source of fiber, protein, and vitamins for breakfast bars, bakery prods., and snacks Features: Helps people to feel fuller for longer and reduce snacking between meals; contains 50% less available carbohydrates than a pure sugar / glucose syrup based binder Properties: Fine, sl. yelsh. powd.; wheat taste; insol. in water BarFlex® 171 [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Conc. whey protein isolate Chem. Analysis: 72% protein; 4.0% moisture; < 15.0% fat CAS 84082-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7 Uses: Nutritional supplement, emulsifier, texturizer, shelf-life extender, and flavor enhancer in fortified beverages, nutrition and food bars, bakery applics., and confectionery Features: Good sol.; high water retention capacity Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: Bland taste; pH 6.5 (10% sol'n.) Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Barmax™ [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein isolate Chem. Analysis: 90% protein; 10.0% moisture; < 1.0% fat CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Nutritional supplement for bakery applics. and cookies Features: Soft texture, extended shelf life; low fat Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: Bland taste 88

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Barpro™ [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: partially hydrolyzed milk protein Chem. Analysis: 90% protein; 6.0% moisture; < 1.0% fat CAS 8049-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 296-575-2 Uses: Nutritional supplement for bakery applics. and cookies Features: Soft texture, extended shelf life; low fat Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: Bland taste; pH 5.5 (10% sol'n.) Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Basic Natural™ TM [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate and vegetable powd. See Vegetable powder Uses: Dough conditioner, gluten modifier for breads, bun, English muffins, puff pastry Features: Patented; natural; produces doughs with superior machining qualities; gentle reducing action, more tolerance to mixing and dosage level; produces drier doughs Properties: Free-flowing Use Level: 1-4 oz/100 lb flour (breads, buns), 16 oz/100 lb flour (English muffins), 1-5 oz/100 lb flour (puff pastry) Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored in cool, dry conditions; keep plastic bags sealed when not in use Batter Bind® S [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, film-former for batters to provide good adhesion of the coating to meat, poultry, or seafood prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; readily disp. in cold water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity BatterCrisp™ 05530 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 12% moisture; 0.3% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Viscosifier and coating agent in high starch batters and coated food products such as fish fillets, shrimp, scallops, poultry, meats, onion rings, and vegetables Features: Maximum adhesion in battered and breaded food items; consistent viscosity under processing conditions; continuous, uniform coating; improved color and texture in a variety of fried foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 51 lbs/ft3; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity BatterCrisp™ 90240 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.1% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Film former, protective barrier in coatings; batter starch and coating agent for food prods. such as fish fillets, shrimp, poultry, meats (marinated), onion rings, and vegetables; improves the texture and structure of extruded food prods. (such as potato, meat and vegetable products) by increasing the internal bonding strength to improve forming and cutting. Features: Provides a crisp texture in battered foods, esp. in french fries; significantly reduces oil pick-up in fried foods; provides structural integrity in battered and formed prods.; improves batter adhesion; reduces batter "blow Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 45 lbs/ft3; pH 5.5 89

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Batter Up® F [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from dent corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Starch for batters and breading applics. for seafood (fillets, sticks, shrimp, scallops), poultry prods., onion rings; provides exc. adhesion; withstands freezing, deep fat frying, steam table conditions Features: Withstands freezing, deep fat frying and steam table conditions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; pH 5.0-7.0; 10-12% moisture Bayer Butyl 101-3 [Bayer/Rubber Bus. Grp. http://www.bayerrubber.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer rubber; no antioxidant CAS 9010-85-9 Uses: Chewing gum base Features: Butyl rubber Properties: Bales; sp.gr. 0.92; Mooney visc. 4460 (ML1+8, 125 C) Bayer Butyl 402 [Bayer/Rubber Bus. Grp. http://www.bayerrubber.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer rubber; nonstaining stabilizer CAS 9010-85-9 Uses: Food applics. Features: Butyl rubber; vulcanized with sulfur, quinoid, resin; fast curing Properties: Amber bales; sp.gr. 0.92; Mooney visc. 47 (ML1+8, 100 C) Baysical® KN [Lanxess http://www.lanxess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium silicate CAS 1344-95-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-710-8 Uses: Flow aid in foods (table salt, instant powds.) Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; odorless; surf. area ≈ 35; brightness 97; pH ≈ 10.5 B&C Caramel Powder [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods, dry mixes, soups, gravies, frozen foods, specialties Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Natural Properties: Free-flowing powd.; 100% min. through 40 mesh, 90% min. through 100 mesh; pH 6.7-7.7 (1%); 4% max. moisture Storage: Unlimited shelf life under normal storage conditions BCF™ [Cargill Flavor Systems http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/] Uses: Blue cheese flavor in food Features: White mold mutant used in production of these products Properties: Liq. Use Level: 0.25-1.0% of formulas (1.0-2.0% in processed cheese) Beakin LV1 [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Complexed lecithin Chem. Analysis: 0.8% max. moisture CAS 8030-76-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Instantizer, mold release agent for foods, spray oils; emulsifier for w/o food emulsions; wetting agent in instant foods and beverages Properties: Translucent fluid; visc. 10 stokes; HLB 2.0; acid no. 25 max. Storage: 18 mos. min shelf liife when stored in orig., unopened containers; store @50-95 F; exposure to freezing or near-freezing temperatures may promote separation of oil from the phospholipids Beakin LV2 [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Complexed lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier for w/o food emulsions, instantized mixes; pan/mold release agent Properties: Translucent fluid; visc. 10 stokes; HLB 2.0; acid no. 30 max. Beakin LV3 [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Complexed lecithin with vegetable oil Uses: Emulsifier for w/o food emulsions, processed cheese, instantized foods, dry mixes; release agent Properties: Translucent fluid; visc. 5 stokes; HLB 2.0; acid no. 25 max. Beakin LV4 [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Complexed lecithin with vegetable oil 90

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Dispersant, dust control agent, pan/mold release agent for foods; food emulsifier for w/o emulsions Properties: Translucent fluid; visc.5 stokes; HLB 2.0; acid no. 25 max. Beakin LV30 [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Complexed lecithin with vegetable oil Uses: Emulsifier for foods, w/o emulsions, drink mixes; instantizing agent; pan/mold release agent Properties: Translucent fluid; water-disp.; visc. 5 stokes; HLB 4.0; acid no. 30 max. Bealite™ 650 [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: sorbitan monostearate, polysorbate 60, mono and diglycerides See Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; 9005-67-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier for low-fat cakes, icings, breads Bealite™ 2315 [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier for frosting, whipped topping; improves cake crumb Bealite™ 3401L [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol mono and diesters of fatty acids, mono and diglycerides Uses: Emulsifier for layer cakes Bealite™ 3558 [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol monostearate, DATEM, mono and diglycerides, See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Propylene glycol stearate CAS 1323-39-3; 91052-81-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-354-3 Uses: Emulsifier for aerating sponge cakes

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Bealite™ 3561 [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: mono and diglycerides Uses: Emulsifier for cakes, muffins, brownies, sauces Bealite™ EV [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: mono and diglycerides and wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Bealite™ [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Free-flowing spray-dried prod. Beef Booster, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in beef, savory, fish, shellfish, chicken Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Thick, dk. brown liq.; beefy, roasted, tuna fish taste; sol. in alcohol, oil, water Use Level: 10 ppm as consumed in finished prods. Beeswax SP 6 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax, USP/NF CAS 8012-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973, and CTFA listed Properties: Yel. slabs, cakes, or pellets; m.p. 6265 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 89-103 Toxicology: TSCA listed Beeswax SP 11 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax, USP/NF CAS 8012-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. slabs, cakes, or pellets; m.p. 6265 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 89-103 Toxicology: TSCA listed

91

Part I: Trade Name Reference Beeswax SP 44 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax CAS 8006-40-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surface-finishing agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973, GRAS; CTFA listed Properties: Wh. slabs, cakes, or pellets; m.p. 6065 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 89-103 Beeswax SP 45 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax CAS 8006-40-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973, GRAS; CTFA listed Properties: Wh. slabs, cakes, or pellets; m.p. 6065 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 89-103 Beeswax SP 139W [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax CAS 8006-40-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973, GRAS; CTFA listed Properties: Wh. slabs, cakes, or pellets; m.p. 6065 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 89-103 Beeswax SP 139Y [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax CAS 8012-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973, GRAS; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. slabs, cakes, or pellets; m.p. 6065 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 89-103 Beeswax SP 154 ISO Beeswax® [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax CAS 8012-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973, GRAS; CTFA listed Properties: Amber slabs, cakes, or pellets; m.p. 60-65 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 89-103 Beeswax SP 420 [Strahl & Pitsch Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax, USP/NF CAS 8012-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. slabs, cakes, or pellets; m.p. 6265 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 89-103 Toxicology: TSCA listed Beeswax SP 422 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax, USP/NF CAS 8012-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973; CTFA listed Properties: Wh. slabs, cakes, or pellets; m.p. 6265 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 89-103 Toxicology: TSCA listed Beeswax SP 424 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax, USP/NF CAS 8012-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973; CTFA listed Properties: Wh. slabs, cakes, or pellets; m.p. 6265 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 89-103 Toxicology: TSCA listed Beeswax SP 426 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax, USP/NF CAS 8012-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, glazing agent, surface-finishing agent, release agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973; CTFA listed Properties: Wh. slabs, cakes, or pellets; m.p. 6265 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 89-103 Toxicology: TSCA listed Benecel® Methylcellulose [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl cellulose See Methylcellulose CAS 9004-67-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, rheology control agent, film-former, suspending agent, water-retention aid, binder for foods Regulatory: OSHA hazardous; SARA §302/304/313 nonreportable, §311/312 Fire Hazard; CERCLA, RCRA nonreportable; DOT not regulated; Canada DSL; Korea KECL 92

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; odorless; water-sol.; sp.gr. 0.25; visc. 10-12,000 mPa·s (2% aq.); pH 5-7 (1% sol'n.); nonionic Toxicology: May cause eye, skin irritation by abrasion; inh. may cause respiratory tract irritation; not mutagenic; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses, impervious gloves, protective clothing; may form flamm. dust/air mixts.; spills may be slippery; avoid generating dust; avoid breathing dust; ground all equipment; incompat. with acids, oxidizers, alkalis, strong sunlight, UV light, free radicals Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, smoke HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area in closed container; keep away from heat, flame, sparks, ignition sources Benecel® M 042 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl cellulose See Methylcellulose CAS 9004-67-5 Uses: Thickener for cheese sauces; synergistic with starch, improving prod. cling; moisture retention, thermal gelation for meat patties, structured potato prods.; provides adhesion for microwavable foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1480, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147 Properties: Nonionic Use Level: 0.5-1.2% (cheese sauces), 0.050.15% (meat patties), 0.25-0.75% (potato prods.), 0.1-2.5% (batters), 20-75% (microwave foods) Benecel® M 043 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl cellulose See Methylcellulose CAS 9004-67-5 Uses: Thickener, suspending aid, binder; inhibits syneresis; prevents shrinkage in pie fillings; thermal gelation; for barbecue/cheese sauces, salad dressings; reduces oil absorp. during frying of onion rings; moisture retention in meat patties Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1480, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147 Properties: Nonionic Use Level: 0.3-0.6% (pie fillings), 0.2-1.0% (barbecue sauces), 0.5-1.2% (cheese sauces), 0.2-0.8% (salad dressings), 0.4-2.5% (onion Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

rings), 0.05-0.15% (meat patties), 0.25-0.75% (potato prods.), 20-75% (microwave prods.), 0.1-0.75% (tortillas) Benecel® MP 643 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Thickener, suspending aid for salad dressings; controls batter visc., improves moisture retention, gas retention during baking, improving volume and texture of dry mix cakes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874 Properties: Nonionic Use Level: 0.2-0.8% (salad dressings), 0.1-0.5% (cakes) Benecel® MP 824 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Binder; improves mouthfeel, body, texture; ice crystal control in frozen dairy desserts; thickener, suspending aid for salad dressings; reduces oil absorp. during frying; foam stabilizer for whipped toppings; thickener for low-solids syrup Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874 Properties: Nonionic Use Level: 0.1-0.5% (frozen dairy desserts); 0.20.8% (salad dressings), 0.5-3.0% (seafood prods.), 0.1-0.9% (whipped toppings), 0.20.8% (syrup) Benecel® MP 843 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, binder, texturizer, syneresis inhibitor, air entrainment agent, moisture enhancer, mouthfeel enhancer in foods, mousse, frostings, cakes, doughnuts, diet jelly, syrup; ice crystal control agent in frozen dairy prods.; processing aid for tortillas; emulsion stabilizer, gravy thickener in pet foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874 Properties: Nonionic Use Level: 0.2-0.6% (mousse, doughnuts), 0.10.2% (frostings), 0.1-0.5% (frozen dairy desserts, dry mix cakes), 0.5-3.0% (seafood 93

Part I: Trade Name Reference prods.), 0.2-0.5% (canned pet foods), 0.050.5% (tortillas), 0.25-0.75% (diet jelly), 0.20.8% (syrup) Benecel® MP 874 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Binder, thickener, inhibits syneresis, prevents shrinkage in pie fillings; thickener for barbecue sauces; thermal gelation reduces boil-over during baking; thickener, suspending aid for salad dressings; reduces oil absorp. in onion rings, tacos Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874 Properties: Nonionic Use Level: 0.3-0.6% (pie fillings), 0.2-1.0% (barbecue sauces), 0.2-0.8% (salad dressings), 0.4-2.5% (onion rings), 0.2-0.5% (canned pet food), 0.1-2.5% (batters) Benecel® MP 943 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Thickener, suspending agent for salad dressings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874 Properties: Nonionic Use Level: 0.2-0.8% (salad dressings) Benefat® [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Short and long-chain triglycerides Uses: Fat and oil replacement in dairy, confectionery, bakery prods., reduced-fat prods. Features: Free of trans fatty acids; highly resist. to oxidation; 5 cal/g fat; gives foods creamy taste, texture, and mouthfeel similar to full-fat prods. Regulatory: Permitted food ingred. in USA, Chile, Colombia, Korea, Japan, Taiwan; complies with fat/oil regulations in Australia, New Zealand; EU approval pending Benefiber® [Novartis Pharma http://www.pharma.us.novartis.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natural dietary vegetable fiber extracted from hydrolyzed guar gum Uses: Stabilizer, foam stabilizer for foods; ice crystal control agent for smooth ice cream Features: Provides low visc., exc. clarity, low Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sweetness, physical, heat, and pH stability; resist. to heat, acid, salt, and digestive enzymes; exc. coating props. Properties: Water-sol.; visc. 10 cps (10%); pH 6.4-7.0; 80% min. dietary fiber Beneo™ ST [ORAFTI Active Food Ingreds. http://www.orafti.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Inulin CAS 9005-80-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-684-3 Uses: Fat mimetic, mouthfeel and body enhancer, natural sweetener in food; stabilizer for mousses and foams Features: Standard powd. Properties: Wh., odorless powd.; ≈ 92% assay Beneo™ Synergy1 [ORAFTI Active Food Ingreds. http://www.orafti.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Inulin and oligofructose CAS 9005-80-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-684-3 Uses: Dietary fiber and bone improvement supplement in food Features: Improve digestive health in general and bone health in particular Properties: Wh., odorless powd.; ≈ 92% assay Benol® [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil NF CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Gloss aid, internal lubricant, carrier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, §178.3620(a) Properties: Water wh., odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.839-0.855; visc. 18-20 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -7 C; flash pt. 182 C Be Square® 175 [Baker Petrolite/Polymers http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite/p olymers] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline wax CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Plasticizer for chewing gum Features: Plastic wax; offers high ductility, flexibility at very low temps. Regulatory: Incl. FDA §172.230, 172.615, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 178.3710, 179.45 Properties: Amber wax; dens. 0.93 g/cc; visc. 13 cps (99 C); m.p. 83 C; flash pt. 293 C Be Square® 185 [Baker Petrolite/Polymers http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite/p olymers] Chem. Descrip.: Hard microcryst. wax consisting of n-paraffinic, branched paraffinic, 94

Part I: Trade Name Reference and naphthenic hydrocarbons See Microcrystalline wax CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: Incl. FDA §172.230, 172.615, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 178.3710, 179.45 Properties: Amber wax; very low sol. in org. solvs.; sp.gr. 0.93; visc. 15 cps (99 C); m.p. 90.5 C Be Square® 195 [Baker Petrolite/Polymers http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite/p olymers] Chem. Descrip.: Hard microcryst. wax consisting of n-paraffinic, branched paraffinic, and naphthenic hydrocarbons See Microcrystalline wax CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA §172.230, 172.615, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 178.3710, 179.45, etc. Properties: Wh., amber wax; very low sol. in org. solvs.; sp.gr. 0.93; visc. 15.5 cps (99 C); m.p. 93 C Beta Carotene 30% FS [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: β-Carotene in Corn oil with dlα-Tocopherol added as an antioxidant See Carotene; Corn (Zea mays) oil; Dl-αtocopherol CAS 7235-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6 Uses: Colorant or nutrient for food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.95 (food use), 73.1095 (drug use), 73.2095 (cosmetic use) Properties: Terra-cotta red fluid, fresh char. odor;sl sol. in all oils and fats; 30% min. assay Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container Beta Carotene 1% CWS [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: β-Carotene with dextrin, gum acacia, partially hydrogenated veg. oil, sucrose and antioxidants (sodium ascorbate, dl-α-tocopherol) See Carotene; Hydrogenated vegetable oil Uses: Colorant for dry foods (beverage powds., cake mixes, instant pudding, icing mixes, dry salad dressings/sauces/gravies), aq. applics. (ice cream, prepared cakes, imitation dairy prods., egg substitutes, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sauces/gravies) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.95 (food use), 73.1095 (drug use), 73.2095 (cosmetic use), GRAS Properties: Orange fine powd.; 90% min. through 80 mesh; disp. in water; 1% min. assay (β-carotene) Toxicology: Avoid ingestion or direct contact by applying suitable protective measures and personal hygiene Storage: Store in tightly closed container in cool place protected from light and humidity; sensitive to air, heat Beta-Carotene 10% DC/GFP [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Beta-carotene See Carotene CAS 7235-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6 Uses: Colorant for foods, feed Regulatory: Kosher and halal certified Properties: Free-flowing, nondusting beadlet powd. Beta-Carotene Dry Powd. 10% DC/GFP [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Beta-carotene in a matrix of Modified starch and Sucrose, coated with Native starch with antioxidants and anticaking agents See Carotene; Starch sodium octenyl succinate Chem. Analysis: 10% min. assay CAS 7235-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6 Uses: Dietary supplement in hypoallergenic food products Regulatory: USP, EP Properties: Free-flowing dk. red uniform sperical particles; mild characteristic odor; bulk dens. 0.7 g/ml Storage: Store in tightly sealed original packaging @ R.T. in dry dark place; sensitive to oxygen, light, heat and moisture Beta-Tabs [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium metabisulfite, starch, and other edible excipients Uses: Reducing agent, dough conditioner for pizza, puff pastry, English muffins, pie doughs, bread prods., flour tortillas Features: Produces rapid relaxation Properties: Tablets supplying 30 ppm sodium metabisulfite/cwt flour Use Level: 1-3 tablets/cwt of flour Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored in cool, dry conditions

95

Part I: Trade Name Reference Betricing [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated veg. oil (soybean, cottonseed), mono- and diglycerides, < 0.9% polysorbate 60 See Hydrogenated vegetable oil; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Polysorbate 60 Uses: Fat/emulsifier system for filler-type, buttercream and flat icings Features: Produces light, high volume icings with good body and texture; outstanding for water-in-oil emulsions Regulatory: FDA GRASkosher Properties: Lovibond 2.0R max. plastic; insol. in water; m.p. 114-120 F; flash pt. 260 C; 2.43.0% mono Toxicology: Dermatitis could result from prolonged residence of oil on skin of allergy sensitive individuals Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store @ s65-80 F Betrkake [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated veg. oil (soybean, cottonseed), mono- and diglycerides See Hydrogenated vegetable oil; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Chem. Analysis: 3.1-3.6% mono Uses: High quality emulsified shortening for cakes, icings, and sweet doughs Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or oily liq. Toxicology: Dermatitis could result from prolonged residence of oil on skin of allergy sensitive individuals Precaution: Avoid inh. of veg. oil mists and excessive heating BFP 30 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, flavor and color dispersions, snacks, high protein foods Properties: Liq.; iodine no. 90-93; 40% min. mono BFP 64K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides from hydrogenated soybean oil and glycerin, TBHQ, citric acid See t-Butyl hydroquinone; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier, crumb softener for bread, sweet goods, bakery mixes, shortening, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

margarine Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Lovibond 3R plastic; c.m.p. 48-50 C; iodine no. 65-72; 42% min. alpha monoester BFP 65 PLM [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides Chem. Analysis: 52% min. αmonoglyceride Uses: Trans-free emulsifier for all food prods. Properties: Solid BFP 65C [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patcoadditives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, bakery mixes, cakes, sweet goods, icings, margarine, sour cream dips, fillings, tortillas Properties: Votated ivory wh. plastic; c.m.p. 130 F; iodine no. 40-50; 52% min. mono BFP 65K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides from veg. lipid source See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Chem. Analysis: 52% min. alpha mono Uses: Emulsifier for foods, bakery mixes, cakes, sweet goods, icings, margarine, sour cream dips, fillings, tortillas; mouthfeel enhancer; stabilizer; fat dispersant Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Votated ivory wh. plastic; c.m.p. 4850 C; iodine no. 65-75 BFP 74A [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides from animal lipid source See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for frozen desserts, ice cream, margarine & margarine spreads, jelly, whipped toppings, caramel, nougats, gum, confectionery coating, sour cream dips Properties: Bead, flake; c.m.p. 60-63 C; iodine no. 3 max.; 42% min. alpha mono BFP 74K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides from veg. lipid source See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Food emulsifier; texturizer; inhibits oil 96

Part I: Trade Name Reference separation Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Bead, flake; c.m.p. 60-63 C; iodine no. 3 max.; 42% min. alpha mono BFP 75K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides from hydrogenated soybean oil and glycerin with citric acid See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, coffee whiteners, whipped toppings, snack food, chewing gum, margarine, frozen dessert, jelly, confectionery coatings, sour cream dips, caramel, nougats Regulatory: FDA GRAS 21CFR §184.1505; E471 Properties: Wh. to cream flake or bead; c.m.p. 140-145 F; HLB 3.2; iodine no. 3 max.; nonionic; 100% conc.; 52% min. alpha mono Use Level: 0.35-10% Storage: Store at 65-95 F BFP 800 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for baked prods., bakery mixes, pasta, cereal, sauces, and gravies Properties: Wh. to cream colored powd.; m.p. 57-64 C; iodine no. 32-34; 90% min. mono BFP GLP [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, stable aerated prods. and w/o emulsions Properties: Ivory-colored fine flakes; c.m.p. 115130 F; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic BFP L 100 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides from canola oil See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Food emulsifier; emulsion stabilizer; stabilizer for flavors; solubilizer for vitamin oils; fat dispersant Features: For systems requiring liq. monoglyceride Properties: Semisolid-liq.; c.m.p. 80-85 F; iodine no. 95-105; 52% mono BFP L Mono [Caravan Ingreds. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides from veg. lipid source See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, cakes, bread, sweet goods, shortening Features: Sparging effect Properties: Votated ivory wh. plastic; c.m.p. 4850 C; iodine no. 70-74; 26-28% min. alpha mono BFP RA-15 K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides from canola oil See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Food emulsifier Features: For systems requiring liq. monoglyceride Properties: Semisolid-liq.; c.m.p. 75-80 F; iodine no. 87-114; 42% mono min. BFP White Sour [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Flour, lactic acid, monocalcium phosphate, phosphoric acid, salt, dry yeast, and acetic acid See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Uses: Sour for French bread, English muffins, snack crackers, and snacks Properties: Free-flowing powd.; pH 3.2-3.4; 6.87.4% protein B.F. Vita Plus 6429 [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Dough conditioner and min. yeast food; works up at mixer, during make-up, in oven, and on shelf Features: Bromate-free Binasol™ 15 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Binder, moisture retention aid, stabilizer for neutral and highly acidic foods, restructured foods, dry mixes, dips, fruit fillings, relishes, fondants, pulpy textures; visc. control agent in dairy, bakery, snacks; cold processing aid, dispersant, process stability improver, shelf-life improver, freshness improver, stabilizer, visc. control agent in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Features: Pregelatinized starch; exc. freeze/thaw stability 97

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; kosher, Passover certified Properties: Wh. coarse powd.; 30% max. on 50 mesh, 28% max. through 200 mesh; pH 6.0; 5% moisture Binasol™ 81 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, binder, moisture retention aid for pulp texture, relishes, sauces, tomato sauces, meat patties Features: Pregelatinized starch; imparts med. to high visc.; stable to heat, acid, and freeze/thaw conditions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Coarse powd.; 50% on 100 mesh, 30% through 200 mesh; pH 6.0; 6% moisture Binasol™ 90C [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener and freeze-thaw stabilizer for pulpy textures, relishes, sauces Features: Pregelatinized starch Binasol™ 95 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener for delicately flavored sauces Features: Pregelatinized starch; easy dispersion into hot or cold liqs.; hydrates to a smooth, creamy texture with excellent steam table stability; complete dispersion with a limited amount of diluents Properties: Coarse particles; bland flavor Bindox-HV-051 [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium caseinate CAS 9005-46-3 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, water binder for meat prods. Features: Provides homogeneous distribution of fat, prevents fat separation, improves consistency, and increases protein content (nutritional value) Regulatory: FAO/WHO compliance Properties: Visc. 10,000-20,000 cps (15%); pH 6.8-7.2 (2%); 88% min. protein Bindox-LV-050 [Vaessen-Schoemaker Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium caseinate CAS 9005-46-3 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, water binder for meat prods. Features: Provides homogeneous distribution of fat, prevents fat separation, improves consistency, and increases protein content (nutritional value) Regulatory: FAO/WHO compliance Properties: Visc. 1200 cps (15%); pH 6.4-6.8 (2%); 88% min. protein Bindtex [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Moisture retention aid, low-temp. stabilizer, shelf life extender for injected and/or tumbled meat or poultry, refrigerated and frozen foods Features: Exc. resist. to low temp. storage; low gelatinization temp. Regulatory: Meets Nat'l. Food Processors Assoc. stds. for thermophilic spores Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd., bland taste; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 11% moisture Bioblend® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Uses: Vitamin fortifier, mineral fortifier for foods and beverages, incl. cereal, dietetic, milling, surimi, and structured prods. Bioblend # 7 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ascorbic acid; vitamin E acetate; dicalcium phosphate; vitamin A palmitate; niacinamide; zinc oxide; reduced iron; copper gluconate; calcium pantothenate; vitamin D-3; pyridoxine hydrochloride; riboflavin; thiamine mononitrate; folic acid; biotin; potassium iodide; vitamin B-12 See L-Ascorbic acid; d-Biotin; Calcium D-pantothenate; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Cholecalciferol; Copper gluconate (ic); Pyridoxine HCl; Retinyl palmitate; Riboflavin; Thiamine nitrate; Tocopheryl acetate Uses: Vitamin min. blend Features: Provides 100% RDI Use Level: 330 mg per serving to deliver 100% RDI Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; 98

Part I: Trade Name Reference keep container closed when not in use Biodiastase 1000 [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Amylase, protease, and cellulase from Aspergillus oryzae Uses: Enzyme for foods, digestive preps. Properties: Lt. yel. to lt. brown powd.; sl. peculiar odor; freely sol. in water; prac. insol. in ethanol Toxicology: May cause skin irritation; repeated inh. of enzyme dust may induce sensitization and may cause allergic type reactions in sensitized individuals; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear protective glasses and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store container in a cool and dry place Biogluten 130 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat gluten See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten CAS 8002-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-317-7 Uses: Imparts elasticity and extensibility to doughs, improving loaf volume, mixing and proofing tolerance, water absorption, dough consistency, machinability and resistance to freezing.; viscosity builder and water binder in meat and meat replacement prods.; base for soy sauce and savoury prods.; consistency and cooking tolerance improver, stickiness, checking and oil uptake inhibitor in noodles and pasta Features: Extracted from organically grown wheat Properties: Fine, sl. yelsh. powd.; wheat taste; insol. in water Bionature® Amber Liquid Honey [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: Moisture 18.6% max.; ash 0.2% CAS 8028-66-8; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Uses: Sweetener in food Features: Sweet, free from offensive flavors/odors Properties: Sweet odor/flavor; color 85-114 mm Storage: Store @ 60-70 F; can lose flavor and darken in color when stored for extended times over 130 F; when stored at temps. less than 60 F can crystallize which is reversible by heating Bionature® Extra Light Amber Liquid Honey Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: Ash 0.2% max CAS 8028-66-8; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Uses: Sweetener in food Properties: Sweet odor/flavor; color 34-50 mm Storage: Store @ 60-70 F; can lose flavor and darken in color when stored for extended times over 130 F; when stored at temps. less than 60 F can crystallize which is reversible by heating Bionature® Light Amber Liquid Honey [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Honey Chem. Analysis: 0.2% ash max.; moisture 18.6% max. CAS 8028-66-8; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Uses: Sweetener, humectant for dairy prods., meats, frozen foods, ice cream, granola bars, peanut butter, sauces, candies Features: All nat.; contains no preservatives; improves keeping quality by improving moisture retention Properties: Liq.; sweet odor Storage: Store at 60-70 F; if stored at temps. > 60 F, honey can crystallize; honey can lose flavor and darken in color when stored at temps. > 130 F Bionature® Light Liquid Molasses [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Molasses See Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) Chem. Analysis: 11% max. ash CAS 68476-78-8 Uses: Sweetener, humectant, shelf life extender, color and flavor enhancer, buffer in baked goods; leavening agent in cookies; antioxidant Features: Nat.; contains no preservatives; sweeter and lighter color than blackstrap molasses Properties: Lt. brown liq.; dens. 11.5 lb/gal.; pH 5.0 (10% slurry) Use Level: 2-6% based on flour (yeast reaised breads), 1-3% based on flour (cookies), >1% based on flour (cakes), 3% on total fat content (shelf life extension) Storage: Store at 60-70 F; ideal loading temps. are 125-130 F; min. pumping temps. are 100110 F Bionature® Medium Liquid Molasses [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Molasses See Molasses 99

Part I: Trade Name Reference (Saccharum officinarum) Chem. Analysis: Ash 11% max. CAS 68476-78-8 Uses: Sweetener in food Features: Typical cane molasses aroma and flavor; food grade Properties: Dk.brn. visc. liq.; sweet, clean odor/flavor; dens. 11.5 lb/gal.; pH 5.0 (10% slurry) Storage: Store at 60-70 F; ideal loading temps. are 125-130 F; min. pumping temps. are 100110 F Biospumex 36K [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Polyalkoxyether-based Uses: Defoamer in sugar prod., starch extraction from corn flour, and protein extraction from vegetables Features: Silicone-free; not affected by sterilization; mixes easily in water, aq. media; can be used at temps. 0-100 C Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §173.340 Properties: Cl. to sl. hazy lt. yel. liq.; dens. 1.001.01; pH (10% sol'n) 5-7; acid value 4-9; nonionic; 100% act. Storage: Store @ R.T. Biospumex 275K [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: alkyl polyalkoxyether Chem. Analysis: 0.4% mositure Uses: Defoamer in fermentation and food processing for starch extraction from corn flour, protein extraction from vegetables and also biomass, natural flavors and citric acid mfg. Features: Particularly rec. for media containing starch, glucose and/or molasses; silicone-free; does not affect the dissolved oxygen rate; stable to conventional sterilization conditions Regulatory: BGA XXXVI & LMBG 11 paragr. II Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; dens. 1.015-1.025; cloud pt. 27.5-32.5 C; pH (5% sol'n) 5-8; nonionic Environmental: no toxicity towards a wide range of micro-organisms Biospumex 278/89K [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Polyalkoxyether-based Chem. Analysis: Water 48-55% Uses: Defoamer in food processing such as the sugar beet industry Features: High defoaming in acidic or alkaline media; particularly efficient in aq. media at Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

temps. > 45 C; mixes easily with water, aq. media at temps. 40-150 C; particularly suitable for vacuum conc. evaporation and distillation systems Properties: Cl., colorless to yel. liq.; dens. 1.0321.052 (15 C); pour pt. < -10 C; pH (5% sol'n) 68.5; nonionic Storage: Store @ R.T. Biospumex FDA 165 K [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: food-grade dimethylpolysiloxane oil Chem. Analysis: 33-39% solids Uses: Defoamer in food processes including potato washing Features: Mixes easily in water, aq. media; can be used at temps. 0-100 C; stable in acidic and alkaline sol'ns; compat. with polymer emulsions Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §173.340(a)(2), 175.105, 176.170, 176.200 Properties: Milky wh. liq.; dens. ≈ 1 g/ml; pH 3.55.5 Storage: Store @ 0-40 C Biscuitine™ 500 [Loders Croklaan BV http://www.croklaan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fractionated, nonhydrogenated, refined vegetable oil of nonlauric origin CAS 68956-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 273-313-5 Uses: Fat for confectionery and bakery fillings, toffees, Muesli bars, shortenings Regulatory: EU Food Law compliant; kosher; non-GMO Properties: Lovibond 3.0 max. liq., powd., semisolid, or solid (depending on temp.); neutral odor; bland taste; almost insol. in water; sol. in lipophyllic solvents Toxicology: May cause eye irritation; not a skin irritant; no hazard from ing. Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Avoid direct sunlight and strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO and acroleine Storage: 9 mos. max. shelf life; store in an odorless, clean, cool and dry place Bitrit-1™ (1% Biotin Trituration) [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Biotin FCC in dicalcium phosphate dihydrate carrier See d-Biotin; Calcium phosphate dibasic CAS 58-85-5 100

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: As a source of the micronutrient biotin in pharm., food and special dietary food prods. including multivitamin tablets, capsules, or powd. forms Regulatory: USP, EP, FCC Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; odorless; 98% min. through 80 mesh; insol. in water, m.w. 244.31; org. solvs.; bulk dens. 50 lb/ft3; 10 mg min. d-biotin/g Storage: 2 yr shelf life; store @ 59-86 F Bitterness Blocker 1, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor blocker for blocking bitter taste of naringin, potassium, APM, saccharin, sucralose, grapefruit, protein, HVP, caffeine Features: Suppresses astringency or tea, cranberry, lemonade; lowers perceived acidity of citrus, high-acid beverages, fat-free dressing, yogurt Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21 CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Liq.; faint, nodescript taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils Use Level: 0.1-4 ppm as consumed Bitterness Blocker 2, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor blocker for blocking bitter taste of naringin, potassium, APM, saccharin, sucralose, grapefruit, protein, HVP, caffeine Features: Suppresses astringency or tea, cranberry, lemonade; lowers perceived acidity of citrus, high-acid beverages, fat-free dressing, yogurt Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21 CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Liq.; faint, nodescript taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils Use Level: 0.1-4 ppm as consumed Bitterness Blocker 3, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor blocker for blocking bitter taste of naringin, potassium, APM, saccharin, sucralose, grapefruit, protein, HVP, caffeine Features: Suppresses astringency or tea, cranberry, lemonade; lowers perceived acidity of citrus, high-acid beverages, fat-free dressing, yogurt Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21 CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Liq.; faint, nodescript taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils Use Level: 0.1-4 ppm as consumed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Bitterness Blocker 4, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor blocker for blocking bitter taste of naringin, potassium, APM, saccharin, sucralose, grapefruit, protein, HVP, caffeine Features: Suppresses astringency or tea, cranberry, lemonade; lowers perceived acidity of citrus, high-acid beverages, fat-free dressing, yogurt Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21 CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Liq.; faint, nodescript taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils Use Level: 0.1-4 ppm as consumed Bitterness Blocker 5, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor blocker for blocking bitter taste of naringin, potassium, APM, saccharin, sucralose, grapefruit, protein, HVP, caffeine Features: Suppresses astringency or tea, cranberry, lemonade; lowers perceived acidity of citrus, high-acid beverages, fat-free dressing, yogurt Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21 CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Liq.; faint, nodescript taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils Use Level: 0.1-4 ppm as consumed Bitterness Blocker 6, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor blocker for blocking bitter taste of naringin, potassium, APM, saccharin, sucralose, grapefruit, protein, HVP, caffeine Features: Suppresses astringency or tea, cranberry, lemonade; lowers perceived acidity of citrus, high-acid beverages, fat-free dressing, yogurt Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21 CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Liq.; faint, nodescript taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils Use Level: 0.1-4 ppm as consumed Bitterness Blocker 7, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor blocker for blocking bitter taste of naringin, potassium, APM, saccharin, sucralose, grapefruit, protein, HVP, caffeine Features: Suppresses astringency or tea, cranberry, lemonade; lowers perceived acidity of citrus, high-acid beverages, fat-free dressing, yogurt Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21 CFR §172.510, 101

Part I: Trade Name Reference 101.22; kosher Properties: Liq.; faint, nodescript taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils Use Level: 0.1-4 ppm as consumed Bitterness Blocker 8, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor blocker for blocking bitter taste of naringin, potassium, APM, saccharin, sucralose, grapefruit, protein, HVP, caffeine Features: Suppresses astringency or tea, cranberry, lemonade; lowers perceived acidity of citrus, high-acid beverages, fat-free dressing, yogurt Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21 CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Liq.; faint, nodescript taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils Use Level: 0.1-4 ppm as consumed Bitterness Blocker 9, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor blocker for blocking bitter taste of naringin, potassium, APM, saccharin, sucralose, grapefruit, protein, HVP, caffeine Features: Blends well with other flavors Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21 CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Liq.; faint, nodescript taste; sol. in PG, alcohol, flavor oils Use Level: 0.2-4 ppm for beverages; 4-10 ppm for pharmaceuticals Bitterness Blocker 10, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor blocker for blocking burn and bite of potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate Features: Blocks soy protein bitterness Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21 CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl., visc. liq.; bland, sl. floral taste; sol. in water, PG, alcohol, oil Use Level: 0.2-4 ppm as consumed BL-60® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic with aluminum sulfate anhydrous See Aluminum sulfate CAS 7785-88-8; 10043-01-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-090-4; 233-135-0 Uses: Leavening agent for baking powds., cereals, cake mixes Features: More sensitive to heat than Levair, releases final acidity at a batter temp. of 120 F; rec. for cake mixes containing highly Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsified shortenings Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; 1% max. on 60 mesh, 15% max. on 140 mesh; bulk dens. 50 lb/ft3; neutralizing value 100 min.; pH 2.7 (1% susp.) Toxicology: OSHA:TWA 2.5 mg/m3 (total dust); LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; may cause eye irritation; nonirritating to skin Precaution: Avoid direct or prolonged contact with skin and eyes Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in a sanitary, dry, cool, isolated area away from all toxic and harmful substances Blandol® [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant, gloss aid, carrier, processing aid for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, §178.3620(a) Properties: Water-wh., odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.839-0.855; visc. 14-17 cSt (40 C); pour pt. 12 C; flash pt. 185 C Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.optafood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel See Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6 Uses: Fat mimetic, thickener, opacifier, texturizer for salad dressings, mayonnaise, processed and reduced fat cheese, frozen desserts, ice cream, whipped toppings, soups and sauces, bakery fillings, puddings; emulsion stabilizer in soups and sauces; opacifier, shelf life extender in whipped toppings; crystallization control agent in frozen desserts, ice cream Features: Process tolerant; shear resist. Regulatory: Kosher Blendmax 322 [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzyme-modified lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier, wetting agent for instantizing whole milk powds., emulsifying veg. and animal fats in milk replacer prods.; dough conditioner, antistaling agent in baking Features: Enhanced water dispersibility Properties: Amber liq.; oil-sol., water-disp.; sp.gr. 102

Part I: Trade Name Reference 1.04; visc. 8000 cP; HLB 8.0; acid no. 40; 100% conc., 0.4% moisture Blue Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in salad dressings, dips, sauces Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Oily liq.; blue cheese taste; sol. in oil, PG, triacetin; insol. in water Use Level: 0.01% Bonus Blend [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ascorbic acid; vitamin E acetate; vitamin A palmitate; zinc oxide; reduced iron; sugar; niacin; vitamin D-3; calcium pantothenate; pyridoxine hydrochloride; folic acid; riboflavin; thiamine mononitrate; biotin; vitamin B-12 See L-Ascorbic acid; d-Biotin; d-Biotin; Calcium D-pantothenate; Cholecalciferol; Nicotinic acid; Pyridoxine HCl; Retinyl palmitate; Sucrose; Thiamine nitrate; Tocopheryl acetate Uses: Enrichment blend for bakery goods Use Level: 250 mg per serving Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use Borax [U.S. Borax http://www.borax.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tetraborate decahydrate See Sodium borate decahydrate CAS 1303-96-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-540-4 Uses: Mfg. of food-contact paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 181.30; SARA nonreportable, DOT nonregulated Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless; sol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 381.37; sp.gr. 1.71; vapor pressure negligible; m.p. 62 C; pH 6.1 (0.1%); nonflamm.; > 99% act. Toxicology: OSHA PEL 10 mg/m3 total dust; LD50 (oral, rat) 4500-5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 10,000 mg/kg; low acute oral and dermal toxicity; inh. at levels > 10 mg/m3 may cause mild irritation to nose and throat; ing. of lg. amts. may cause GI symptoms; TSCA listed Environmental: EC50 (daphnia magna, 24 h) 242 mg; lg. amts. can be harmful to plants and other species Precaution: Reacts as weak acid which may Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cause corrosion of base metals; incompat. with strong reducing agents will generates hydrogen gas NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store indoors in dry area; avoid wide fluctuations in temp. and humidity Borax Decahydrate NF [U.S. Borax http://www.borax.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tetraborate decahydrate See Sodium borate decahydrate CAS 1303-96-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-540-4 Uses: Mfg. of food-contact paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 181.30; SARA, RCRA nonreportable, DOT nonregulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; South Korea listed; Japan MITI; WHMIS D2A Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 381.37; sp.gr. 1.71; vapor pressure negligible; m.p. 62 C; pH 6.1 (0.1%); nonflamm.; > 99% act. Toxicology: OSHA PEL 10 mg/m3 total dust; LD50 (oral, rat) 4500-5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 10,000 mg/kg; low acute oral and dermal toxicity; inh. at levels > 10 mg/m3 may cause mild irritation to nose and throat; ing. of lg. amts. may cause GI symptoms; TSCA listed Environmental: EC50 (daphnia magna, 24 h) 242 mg; lg. amts. can be harmful to plants and other species Precaution: Reacts as weak acid which may cause corrosion of base metals; incompat. with strong reducing agents will generates hydrogen gas NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store indoors in dry area; avoid wide fluctuations in temp. and humidity Borax Decahydrate SQ [U.S. Borax http://www.borax.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tetraborate decahydrate See Sodium borate decahydrate CAS 1303-96-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-540-4 Uses: Mfg. of food-contact paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 181.30; SARA, RCRA nonreportable, DOT nonregulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; South Korea listed; Japan MITI; WHMIS D2A Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 381.37; sp.gr. 1.71; vapor pressure negligible; m.p. 62 C; pH 103

Part I: Trade Name Reference 6.1 (0.1%); nonflamm.; > 99% act. Toxicology: OSHA PEL 10 mg/m3 total dust; LD50 (oral, rat) 4500-5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 10,000 mg/kg; low acute oral and dermal toxicity; inh. at levels > 10 mg/m3 may cause mild irritation to nose and throat; ing. of lg. amts. may cause GI symptoms; TSCA listed Environmental: EC50 (daphnia magna, 24 h) 242 mg; lg. amts. can be harmful to plants and other species Precaution: Reacts as weak acid which may cause corrosion of base metals; incompat. with strong reducing agents will generates hydrogen gas NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store indoors in dry area; avoid wide fluctuations in temp. and humidity Borax Decahydrate Techinical Grade [U.S. Borax http://www.borax.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tetraborate decahydrate See Sodium borate decahydrate CAS 1303-96-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-540-4 Uses: Mfg. of food-contact paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 181.30; SARA, RCRA nonreportable, DOT nonregulated; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; South Korea listed; Japan MITI; WHMIS D2A Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 381.37; sp.gr. 1.71; vapor pressure negligible; m.p. 62 C; pH 6.1 (0.1%); nonflamm.; > 99% act. Toxicology: OSHA PEL 10 mg/m3 total dust; LD50 (oral, rat) 4500-5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 10,000 mg/kg; low acute oral and dermal toxicity; inh. at levels > 10 mg/m3 may cause mild irritation to nose and throat; ing. of lg. amts. may cause GI symptoms; TSCA listed Environmental: EC50 (daphnia magna, 24 h) 242 mg; lg. amts. can be harmful to plants and other species Precaution: Reacts as weak acid which may cause corrosion of base metals; incompat. with strong reducing agents will generates hydrogen gas NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store indoors in dry area; avoid wide fluctuations in temp. and humidity

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Brain Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Bread Crust Note, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor for bread, bread crumbs, biscuits, crackers, cake Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Visc., brown-red liq.; bread crust, toasted bread, cracker, biscuit, cake taste; sol. in water, PG, alcohol Use Level: 200-600 ppm Brew Aid B Without Oxidants [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate, monocalcium phosphate, flour See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Chem. Analysis: 14.80% calcium CAS 7778-18-9; 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231900-3; 207-439-9 Uses: Yeast food, dough conditioner, buffer for dough stage of brew systems, breads Features: Companion prod. for Brew Buffer or Ferment Buffer; contains no potassium bromate or other oxidants Properties: Gran.; 100% through USBS 20 mesh Use Level: 4-8 oz/100 lb flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Brewers Fermex® [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carbohydrase from Aspergillus sp. and Rhizopus oryzae See Carbohydrase EINECS/ELINCS 232-575-0 Uses: Brewing enzyme to inc. fermentability of wort Properties: Powd. Brewers Mylase® [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carbohydrase from Aspergillus sp. and Rhizopus oryzae See Carbohydrase EINECS/ELINCS 232-575-0 Uses: Brewing enzyme for mfg. of light beer Features: Inc. degree of fermentation; rec. where inactivation during pasteurization is 104

Part I: Trade Name Reference desired Properties: Powd. Brewloid® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate; monocalcium phosphate; starch; potassium bromate; potassium iodate See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Uses: Yeast food, dough conditioner, buffer for the dough stage of a brew system; bread improver Features: Provides two oxidizing agents to improve dough elasticity and gas retention for greater loaf volume Properties: Powd.; 100% through 20 mesh Use Level: 4-8 oz per 100 lbs Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos. BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 28DE [Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Ingred. Innovations http://www.ingredientinnovations.com] Chem. Descrip.: Low conversion Brown rice syrup Uses: Crystallization control agent in ice cream and confections; binder in formed and extruded bars; increases viscosity, gloss and body in dressings Features: Ideal for bulking, coating and spray drying Regulatory: Available as certified organic Storage: Hygroscopic BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 42DE [Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Ingred. Innovations http://www.ingredientinnovations.com] Chem. Descrip.: Medium conversion Brown rice syrup Uses: Bodying agent in syrups, dressings and beverages; crystallization control agent in ice cream and confections; maintains softness in jellies and soft cookies; binder in granola and bar products; enhances body, texture, and chewiness in bars Regulatory: Available as certified organic Storage: Hygroscopic BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 45DE High Maltose [Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Ingred. Innovations http://www.ingredientinnovations.com] Chem. Descrip.: High maltose Brown rice syrup Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Sweetener substitute for sucrose in dairy and baking when less sweetness is required; flavor masking agent Features: Highly fermentable; replacement for malt extract when lower flavor and color are desired Regulatory: Available as certified organic Storage: Hygroscopic BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 60DE [Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Ingred. Innovations http://www.ingredientinnovations.com] Chem. Descrip.: High conversion Brown rice syrup Uses: Sweetener and texture control agent in frozen dairy prods.; shelf life extender for confectionery; flavor masking agent Features: High degree of sweetness Regulatory: Available as certified organic Storage: Hygroscopic BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 28DE [Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Ingred. Innovations http://www.ingredientinnovations.com] Chem. Descrip.: Low conversion Tapioca syrup Uses: Improves body, texture and chewiness in candy bars; binder in formed and extruded bars; crystallization control agent in ice cream and confections; increases viscosity, gloss and body in dressings Regulatory: Available as certified organic Storage: Hygroscopic BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 42DE [Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Ingred. Innovations http://www.ingredientinnovations.com] Chem. Descrip.: Medium conversion Tapioca syrup Uses: Improves body in syrups, dressings and beverages; maintains softness in jellies and soft cookies; enhances body, texture and chewiness in bars Regulatory: Available as certified organic Storage: Hygroscopic BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 45DE High Maltose [Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Ingred. Innovations http://www.ingredientinnovations.com] Chem. Descrip.: High maltose Tapioca syrup Uses: Sweetener, flavor masking agent, and functional substitute for sucrose in dairy 105

Part I: Trade Name Reference and baking when less sweetness is required Features: Highly fermentable; replacement for malt extract when lower flavor and color are desired Regulatory: Available as certified organic Properties: Free-flowing powd. Storage: Hygroscopic BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 63DE [Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Ingred. Innovations http://www.ingredientinnovations.com] Chem. Descrip.: High conversion Tapioca syrup Uses: Shelf life extender in confectionery; sweetener and texture control agent in frozen dairy prods. Features: High degree of sweetness Regulatory: Available as certified organic Storage: Hygroscopic Britesorb® [PQ http://www.pqcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silica hydrogel-based composition Uses: Preservative, stabilizer for beer Properties: Wh. powd.; water-insol. Britesorb® A 100 [PQ http://www.pqcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silica, amorphous hydrogel (33%), water (64%) See Silica, amorphous hydrated CAS 7631-86-9; 7732-18-5 Uses: Preservative, stabilizer, chillproofing agent for beer Regulatory: SARA §302/304/313 nonreportable Properties: Damp wh. powd. or lumps; odorless; water-insol.; noncombustible Toxicology: May cause eye irritation/abrasion, skin irritation; inh. causes irritation to lungs and respiratory tract; may cause sneezing, dryness of mucous membranes (inh.), dryness, itching (skin exposure), redness, tearing (eye exposure) Environmental: no adverse effects known or suspected Precaution: Incompat. with water reactive materials, such as metal hydrides; wear loose fitting rubber gloves, safety glasses or chemical goggles Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Britesorb™ C935 [PQ http://www.pqcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silica gel Chem. Analysis: > 94% silicon dioxide (ignited basis); 1.8% magnesium CAS 63231-67-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Shelf-life extender for edible frying oils; quality improver for fried foods; color buildup control agent Properties: Partical diameter (median) 40 μ; surface area 535 m2/g Toxicology: TSCA listed Storage: Keep containers closed; store in original containers of sanitary glass, stainless steel of food-contact containers; separate from non-food chemicals Britesorb® D300 Beer Stabilizer [PQ http://www.pqcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicon dioxide (94%), water (6%) See Silica, amorphous hydrated CAS 7631-86-9; 7732-18-5 Uses: Preservative, stabilizer, chillproofing agent for beer Regulatory: SARA §302/304/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd. or lumps; odorless; noncombustible Toxicology: May cause eye irritation/abrasion, may cause skin irritation; inh. causes irritation to lungs and respiratory tract; may cause sneezing, dryness of mucous membranes (inh.), dryness, itching (skin exposure), redness, tearing (eye exposure) Precaution: Use NIOSH-approved respirator where dust occurs; loose fitting rubber gloves with separate cotton liners; wear safety glasses or chemical goggles; avoid chlorine trifluoride, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, oxygen difluoride HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Britesorb® D300CE Beer Stabilizer [PQ http://www.pqcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silica, amorphous hydrogel, water See Silica, amorphous; Silica, amorphous hydrated; Water CAS 7631-86-9; 112926-00-86; 7732-18-5 Uses: Preservative, stabilizer, chillproofing agent for beer Regulatory: SARA §302/313 nonreportable; FDA 21CFR §172.230, 172.480, 173.340, 175.105, 177.2260, 177.2420, 182.90 Properties: Wh. powd. or lumps; odorless; very sl. sol.; bulk dens. 0.75 g/cc; noncombustible Toxicology: May cause eye irritation/abrasion, skin irritation; inh. causes irritation to lungs and respiratory tract Precaution: Wear body-covering protective clothing and loose fitting rubber gloves with separate cotton liners; wear safety 106

Part I: Trade Name Reference glasses or chemical goggles; avoid chlorine trifluoride, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, oxygen difluoride Storage: Keep containers closed; store in original containers of sanitary glass, stainless steel of food-contact containers; separate from non-food chemicals Britol® 6NF [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Binder, carrier, defoamer, dispersant, extender, lubricant, moisture barrier, plasticizer, protective agent, release agent, softener for foods Properties: Sp.gr. 0.830-0.858; visc. 8.5-10.8 cst (40 C); pour pt. -24 C max.; flash pt. 166 C min. Britol® 7NF [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Binder, carrier, defoamer, dispersant, extender, lubricant, moisture barrier, plasticizer, protective agent, release agent, softener for foods Properties: Sp.gr. 0.840-0.858; visc. 10.8-13.6 cst (40 C); pour pt. -18 C max.; flash pt. 171 C min. Britol® 9NF [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Binder, carrier, defoamer, dispersant, extender, lubricant, moisture barrier, plasticizer, protective agent, release agent, softener for foods Properties: Sp.gr. 0.845-0.860; visc. 14.4-16.9 cst (40 C); pour pt. -18 C max.; flash pt. 171 C min. Britol® 20USP [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Binder, carrier, defoamer, dispersant, extender, lubricant, moisture barrier, plasticizer, protective agent, release agent, softener for foods Properties: Sp.gr. 0.858-0.870; visc. 37.9-40.1 cst (40 C); pour pt. -18 C max.; flash pt. 193 C min. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Britol® 35USP [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Binder, carrier, defoamer, dispersant, extender, lubricant, moisture barrier, plasticizer, protective agent, release agent, softener for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620(a) Properties: Colorless liq.; odorless; tasteless; sol. in organic solvents; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.862-0.880; visc. 65.8-71.0 cst (40 C); pour pt. -15 C max.; flash pt. (COC)> 188 C min. Precaution: Avoid contact with oxidizing agents, sunlight or UV light, and heat or high temp. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: COx and soot HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Britol® 50USP [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Binder, carrier, defoamer, dispersant, extender, lubricant, moisture barrier, plasticizer, protective agent, release agent, softener for foods Properties: Sp.gr. 0.870-0.890; visc. 91-102.4 cst (40 C); pour pt. -12 C max.; flash pt. 249 C min. Bro Action [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Chem. Descrip.: Combination min. yeast food, dough accelerant, and natural cultured dough conditioner Uses: Dough improver system. Bro-Eze [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Release agent for foods Features: Highly conc.; to be used in place of dusting flour; increases number of bakes between glazes while reducing cripples; eliminates all pan oils Bro-Eze III [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Release agent for foods Features: To be used in place of dusting flour; increases number of bakes between glazes while reducing cripples; eliminates all pan oils

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Brolite 1A [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Premium cultured butter flavor. Bromitabs [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium bromate and other edible excipients Uses: Oxidizing agent, dough conditioner for foods Features: Increases loaf volume and improves crumb structure Properties: Wh. tablets Use Level: 1 tablet/100 lb flour; each tablet provides 60 ppm potassium bromate Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 6 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Bro Rye Sour [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natural, cultured rye sour Uses: Sour producing richly full-flavored rye breads. Brosoft [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides, lecithins See Lecithin; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Crumb softener and tenderizer for all baked goods; promotes max. absorption rates so that batches have increased yields Properties: Powd. Bro-Spice [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Emulsified spice mix that adds tenderness and nat. golden color to baked goods Bro White Sour [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natural sour flavor produced from a natural sour culture and a fermented sponge Uses: Adds zest to any baked prod. by adding natural flavor that is only produced from a sour culture. Brown 'N Serve™ [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Release agent, mold inhibitor for baked goods Regulatory: Kosher

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Buffalo® Corn Starch [Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener for soups, sauces, gravies, and puddings Features: Exhibits smooth viscosity when hot and forms a gel upon cooling Bulgur Enrichment [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch; vitamin A palmitate; reduced iron; thiamine mononitrate; riboflavin; folic acid See Retinyl palmitate; Thiamine nitrate; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; 79-81-2; 7439-89-6; 532-43-4; 83-88-5; 59-30-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6; 201-228-5; 231-096-4; 208-537-4; 201-507-1; 200-419-0 Uses: Enrichment blend for bulgur Features: Meets fortification requirements for Bulgur/Soy-Fortified Bulgur (BWSF) Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd. Use Level: 0.5 oz per 100 lbs of bulgar Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use Butter Booster, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Yel. to amber liq.; sweet butter taste; sol. in water, oil, alcohol Use Level: 0.2 ppm as consumed BV 40 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Skim milk powder; maltodextrin; emulsifiers; stabilizer Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for flour mixes like sponge mixes, biscuits, cakes, and Swiss-rolls Properties: Wh. creamy powd.; 100% < 500 µm particle size; pH 6.7 (10%) at 20 C Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored under conditions of 10-25 C and max. 60% r.h. BV 46 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Uses: Whipping agent and stabilizer for ready-to-use powder mixes, like sponge 108

Part I: Trade Name Reference cake mix, biscuits, cakes and all other egg batters Features: Outstanding whipping speed, exc. whipping properties and smooth stable batter with low specific gravity; good crumb structure after baking; insensitive to oils or fats Properties: Powd. Byco 1500 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed gelatin NF CAS 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 270-082-2 Uses: Nutritional prods. Features: Deodorized Properties: Sol. in water, propylene glycol; insol. in min. oil, IPA; m.w. 3000 Byco A [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Croda Colloids Ltd http://www.croda-colloids.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed gelatin Chem. Analysis: 7% max. moisture CAS 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 295-635-5 Uses: Protein enrichment in protein bars and drinks, meal replacements, and slimming prods., sports recovery prods., clinical nutrition, low calorie and diabetic prods.; viscosity modifier and emulsifier; flavor and aroma protection agent Regulatory: FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide listed; NF Properties: Wh. to pale cream spray-dried powd., char. odor and taste; sol. in water, propylene glycol; insol. in min.oil, IPA; m.w. 4000; bulk dens. 0.25-0.40 g/cc; pH 5.5-6.5 (10% aq.) Storage: Store in cool dry conditions in sealed containers, away from odiferous materials; indefinitely stable Byco C [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Croda Colloids Ltd http://www.croda-colloids.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed gelatin Chem. Analysis: 7% max. moisture CAS 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 295-635-5 Uses: Protein enrichment in protein bars and drinks, meal replacements, and slimming prods., sports recovery prods., clinical nutrition, low calorie and diabetic prods.; viscosity modifier and emulsifier; flavor and aroma protection agent Features: Bland taste and aroma; heat stable Regulatory: FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide listed; NF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. to pale cream spray-dried powd., char. odor and taste; sol. in water, propylene glycol; insol. in min oil, IPA; m.w. 10,000; bulk dens. 0.15-0.30 g/cc; pH 5.5-6.5 (10% aq.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg Storage: Store in cool dry conditions in sealed containers, away from odiferous materials; indefinitely stable Byco M [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed gelatin CAS 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 293-481-3 Uses: Protein enrichment in protein bars and drinks, meal replacements, and slimming prods., sports recovery prods., clinical nutrition, low calorie and diabetic prods.; viscosity modifier and emulsifier; flavor and aroma protection agent Features: Bland taste and aroma; heat stable Regulatory: FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide listed; NF Properties: Spray-dried powd.; sol. in cold water; m.w. 25,000 Byco O [Croda Colloids Ltd http://www.crodacolloids.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed gelatin Chem. Analysis: 7% max. moisture CAS 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 295-635-5 Uses: Protein enrichment in protein bars and drinks, meal replacements, and slimming prods., sports recovery prods., clinical nutrition, low calorie and diabetic prods.; viscosity modifier and emulsifier; flavor and aroma protection agent Features: Bland taste and aroma; heat stable; high purity Regulatory: FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide listed; NF Properties: Wh. to pale cream spray-dried powd., char. odor and taste; sol. in water; m.w. 1000-2000; bulk dens. 0.25-0.40 g/cc; pH 5.56.5 (10% aq.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg Storage: Store in cool dry conditions in sealed containers, away from odiferous materials; indefinitely stable C12 Peption [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: hydrolyzed milk protein- based CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Supports a natural blood pressure 109

Part I: Trade Name Reference mechanism and used in tablets, capsules, bars, chewables, beverages, and dairy products Features: Natural, fast action formula Regulatory: FDA GRAS Cab-O-Sil® EH-5 [Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: Untreated fumed silica, undensed See Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.350, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1400, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; 0.02% 325 mesh residue; sp.gr. 2.2; bulk dens. 2.5 lb/ft3; surf. area 380±30 m2/g; ref. index 1.46; pH 3.74.3 (4% aq. slurry); > 99.8% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; inert to mildly irritating to skin; inert to very mildly irritating to eyes Storage: Store in dry environment away from chemical vapors Cab-O-Sil® H-5 [Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: syn., colloidal silicon dioxide See Silica, fumed Uses: Rheology control agent, suspension agent, adsorbent in food Features: Provides exc. fluidization and free-flow properties; high performance at low loading levels Properties: Powd.; avg. particle length 0.2-0.3 microns; sp.gr. 2.2; bulk dens. 3 lbs/ft3; ref. index 1.46; pH 3.7-4.3 (4% aq. slurry) Cab-O-Sil® H-5 [Cabot GmbH; Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: Untreated fumed silica, undensed See Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.350, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1400, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; 0.02% 325 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mesh residue; sp.gr. 2.2; bulk dens. 2.5 lb/ft3; surf. area 300±25 m2/g; ref. index 1.46; pH 3.74.3 (4% aq. slurry); > 99.8% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; inert to mildly irritating to skin; inert to very mildly irritating to eyes Storage: Store in dry environment away from chemical vapors Cab-O-Sil® HS-5 [Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: Untreated fumed silica, undensed See Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Rheology control agent, reinforcing agent for foods; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.350, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1400, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90 Properties: 0.02% 325 mesh residue; bulk dens. 2.5 lb/ft3; surf. area 325±25 m2/g; pH 3.7-4.3 (4% aq. slurry); > 99.8% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; inert to mildly irritating to skin; inert to very mildly irritating to eyes Storage: Store in dry environment away from chemical vapors Cab-O-Sil® LM-130 [Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: Untreated fumed silica, undensed See Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.350, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1400, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90 Properties: 0.02% 325 mesh residue; sp.gr. 2.2; bulk dens. 3 lb/ft3; surf. area 130±15 m2/g; ref. index 1.46; pH 3.7-4.3 (4% aq. slurry); > 99.8% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; inert to mildly irritating to skin; inert to very mildly irritating to eyes Storage: Store in dry environment away from chemical vapors Cab-O-Sil® LM-150 [Cabot/Cab-O-Sil 110

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: Untreated fumed silica, undensed See Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.350, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1400, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; 0.02% 325 mesh residue; sp.gr. 2.2; bulk dens. 2.5 lb/ft3; surf. area 160±15 m2/g; ref. index 1.46; pH 3.74.3 (4% aq. slurry); > 99.8% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; inert to mildly irritating to skin; inert to very mildly irritating to eyes Storage: Store in dry environment away from chemical vapors Cab-O-Sil® LM-150D [Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: Untreated fumed silica, densed See Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.350, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1400, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90 Properties: 0.02% 325 mesh residue; sp.gr. 2.2; bulk dens. 5 lb/ft3; surf. area 160±15 m2/g; ref. index 1.46; pH 3.7-4.3 (4% aq. slurry); > 99.8% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; inert to mildly irritating to skin; inert to very mildly irritating to eyes Storage: Store in dry environment away from chemical vapors Cab-O-Sil® M-5 [Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: Untreated fumed silica, undensed See Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Rheology control, flow aid for foods; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.350, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

177.1400, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90 Properties: Wh. fine powd., odorless; 0.2-0.3 µ avg. particle size; 0.02% 325 mesh residue; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.2; dens. 18.3 lb/gal; bulk dens. 2.5 lb/ft3; surf. area 200±25 m2/g; ref. index 1.46; pH 3.7-4.3 (40% aq. slurry); > 99.8% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; nontoxic by ingestion; inert to mildly irritating to skin; inert to very mildly irritating to eyes Storage: Store in dry environment away from chemical vapors Cab-O-Sil® M-5P [Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: Untreated fumed silica See Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Rheology control agent, flow control agent for foods; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.350, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1400, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90 Properties: Wh. fine powd., odorless; 0.02% 325 mesh residue; bulk dens. 2.5 lb/ft3; surf. area 200±15 m2/g; pH 3.8-4.2 (4% aq. slurry) Toxicology: LD50 (oral) > 5000 mg/kg Storage: 2 yr. shelf life in clean, dry area away from chem. vapors @ ambient temps. Cab-O-Sil® M-7D [Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: Untreated fumed silica, densed See Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.350, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1400, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90 Properties: 0.02% 325 mesh residue; sp.gr. 2.2; bulk dens. 5 lb/ft3; surf. area 200±25 m2/g; ref. index 1.46; pH 3.7-4.3 (4% aq. slurry); > 99.8% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; inert to mildly irritating to skin; inert to very mildly irritating to eyes 111

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Store in dry environment away from chemical vapors Cab-O-Sil® MS-75D [Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: Untreated fumed silica, densed See Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.350, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1400, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90 Properties: 0.02% 325 mesh residue; sp.gr. 2.2 bulk dens. 5 lb/ft3; surf. area 255±25 m2/g; ref. index 1.46; pH 3.7-4.3 (4% aq. slurry); > 99.8% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; inert to mildly irritating to skin; inert to very mildly irritating to eyes Storage: Store in dry environment away from chemical vapors Cab-O-Sil® PTG [Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf] Chem. Descrip.: Untreated fumed silica, undensed See Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.350, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1400, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90 Properties: 0.02% 325 mesh residue; sp.gr. 2.2; bulk dens. 2.5 lb/ft3; surf. area 200±25 m2/g; ref. index 1.46; pH 3.7-4.3 (4% aq. slurry); > 99.8% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; inert to mildly irritating to skin; inert to very mildly irritating to eyes Storage: Store in dry environment away from chemical vapors C*ActiStar™ [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Food starch, dietary fiber containing high levels of resistant starch and producing butyrate for intestinal health, diabetic prods., slimming foods, powdered Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

drinks and mixes, bakery prods., low-fat fermented milk and flavored milk, cereal bars, instant soups Features: Not digested within small intestine, reaches large intestine where it is fermented and acts as a colonic nutrient; low water binding capacity; low visc.; nonhygroscopic; pleasant, nonsandy mouthfeel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; bland taste; 54% resistant starch, 36% digestible starch, 8% moisture Cain's PDC (Pizza Dough Conditioner) [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate, salt, Lcysteine, vegetable powd., tricalcium phosphate, and fungal enzymes See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Sodium chloride; Vegetable powder Uses: Dough conditioner, starch modifier for pizza and tortilla doughs Features: Patented; for use where rapid reduction of flour proteins is required; provides rapid hydration, more extensible doughs with superior machining qualities Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 4-12 oz/cwt flour Storage: 6 mos. shelf life under cool, dry conditions; keep container closed when not in use Cake D-Lite [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol monoester, distilled monglycerides, sodium stearoyl lactylate, silicon dioxide See Silica Chem. Analysis: Moisture 1.5% max.; alpha monoglyceride content 34-38% Uses: Emulsifier for layer cakes, snack cakes, and muffins Properties: Powd. Cake STA [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Starch, whey protein conc., carboxymethylcellulose, monosodium phosphate See Sodium phosphate Uses: Stabilizer, shelf life extender, antistaling agent, visc. builder for layer cake batters, pancake batters, and waffle batters Features: Improves handling and increases moisture retention Properties: Visc. 1s2,000 cps (10%); pH 5.8 (5% 112

Part I: Trade Name Reference aq.); 6% moisture Use Level: 2-5 oz/100 lb flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Cake Flavor Enhancer [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol, sugar, flavoring, and water See Sucrose Uses: Flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, water reducing agent in cakes Features: Lemon flavor Properties: Cl. liq.; lemon flavor Use Level: 2% on batter wt. Toxicology: May cause eye and skin irritation; prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis Environmental: readily biodeg. Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in cool and dry conditions Cake Mix 96 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated soybean oil, propylene glycol mono and diesters of fats and fatty acids, mono- and diglycerides, optional lecithin See Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids Uses: High performance fat for single-stage household cake mixes Regulatory: FDA GRAS, kosher Properties: Lovibond 4.5R-40Y max. plastic; m.p. 108-115 F; 5.5-6.1% mono Calci-Press™ MD [Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate and maltodextrin binder Uses: Calcium source for nutritional supplements, food fortification Features: Directly compressible; can be formulated to aid in rapid disintegration Regulatory: FCC compliance Properties: Free-flowing fine powd.; ≤ 2% on 16 mesh, ≤ 75% on 60 mesh, ≤ 20% through 200 mesh; dens. 0.8-1.2 g/ml (tapped); 34-38% assay (elemental Ca); ≤ 500 ppb lead Calcium Carbonate 2927 Extra Heavy [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98-100.5%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for dietary Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

supplements; alkali, nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, firming agent, yeast nutrient in foods; nutrient, dietary supplement in animal feed Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; 4.50 µ median particle size; odorless; pract. insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; dens. 22.57 lb/solid gal; dens. (tapped) 62 lb/ft3; surf. area 2.4 m2/g; pH 9.7; 0.2% max. moisture Toxicology: ACGIH 10 mg/m3; may cause mech. irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be harmful to aqatic life; no bioaccumulation or food chain conc. toxicity potential Precaution: Wear dust goggles and impervious gloves; avoid contact with acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Calcium oxide HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Calcium Carbonate 2928 Ultra Heavy [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98-100.5%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for dietary supplements; alkali, nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, firming agent, yeast nutrient in foods; nutrient, dietary supplement in animal feed Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; 12.00 µ median particle size; odorless; pract. insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; dens. 22.57 lb/solid gal; dens. (tapped) 94 lb/ft3; surf. area 0.7 m2/g; pH 10.1; 0.2% max. moisture Toxicology: ACGIH 10 mg/m3; may cause mech. irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be harmful to aqatic life; no bioaccumulation or food chain conc. toxicity potential Precaution: Wear dust goggles and impervious gloves; avoid contact with acids HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Calcium Ascorbate USP FCC [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium ascorbate 113

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 5743-27-1; EINECS/ELINCS 227-261-5 Uses: Preservative, antioxidant, vitamin C source for foods, esp. dry preps. Features: Sodium-free, acid-free Regulatory: FDA GRAS, USP, FCC, Ph. Eur. Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. powd., pract. odorless ; freely sol. in water;preac. insol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 426.35; pH 6.8-7.4 (10% aq.); 99.0-100.5% assay Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Calcium oxide Storage: Store in tight light-resist. containers, optimally @ ≤ 72 F; avoid exposure to moisture, excessive heat Calcium Carbonate BC 300 Light [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate USP/FCC Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98-100.5%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for dietary supplements; alkali, nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, firming agent, yeast nutrient in foods; nutrient, dietary supplement in animal feed Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; 1.90 µ median particle size; odorless;pract. insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; dens. 22.57 lb/solid gal; compacted dens. 27 lb/ft3; dry brightness 98; nonflamm.; pH 9.8; 0.2% max. moisture; 0% volatiles Toxicology: ACGIH 5 mg/m3 respirable dust, 10 mg/m3 total dust; may cause mech. irritation to eyes and respiratory tract; noncarcinogenic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Calcium Carbonate BC 2924 Extra Light [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate USP/FCC Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98-100.5%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for dietary supplements; alkali, nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, firming agent, yeast nutrient in foods; nutrient, dietary supplement in animal feed Regulatory: USP. FCC, kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; 1.80 µ median particle Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

size; odorless;pract. insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; dens. 22.57 lb/solid gal; compacted dens. 27 lb/ft3; dry brightness 98; nonflamm.; pH 9.8; 2% max. moisture; 0% volatiles Toxicology: ACGIH 5 mg/m3 respirable dust, 10 mg/m3 total dust; may cause mech. irritation to eyes and respiratory tract HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Calcium Carbonate BC 2925 Medium [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate USP/FCC Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98-100.5%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for dietary supplements; alkali, nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, firming agent, yeast nutrient in foods; nutrient, dietary supplement in animal feed Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; 2.60 µ median particle size; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; dens. 22.57 lb/solid gal; compacted dens. 33 lb/ft3; dry brightness 98; nonflamm.; pH 9.8; 2% max. moisture; 0% volatiles Toxicology: ACGIH 5 mg/m3 respirable dust, 10 mg/m3 total dust; may cause mech. irritation to eyes and respiratory tract HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Calcium Carbonate BC 2926 Light [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate USP/FCC Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98-100.5%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for dietary supplements; alkali, nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, firming agent, yeast nutrient in foods; nutrient, dietary supplement in animal feed Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; 0.80 µ median particle size; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; dens. 22.57 lb/solid gal; compacted dens. 33 lb/ft3; dry brightness 98; nonflamm.; pH 9.5; 2% max. moisture; 0% volatiles Toxicology: ACGIH 5 mg/m3 respirable dust, 10 mg/m3 total dust; may cause mech. irritation to eyes and respiratory tract HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 114

Part I: Trade Name Reference Calcium Carbonate Purified 2923 Heavy [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate USP/FCC Chem. Analysis: 0.2% max. moisture; 0% volatiles; CaCO3 (98-100.5%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for dietary supplements; alkali, nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, firming agent, yeast nutrient in foods; nutrient, dietary supplement in animal feed Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; 3.00 µ median particle size; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; dens. 22.57 lb/solid gal; compacted dens. 53 lb/ft3; dry brightness 97; nonflamm.; pH 9.5 Toxicology: ACGIH 5 mg/m3 respirable dust, 10 mg/m3 total dust; may cause mech. irritation to eyes and respiratory tract HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Calcium Caseinate A [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein and Soya lecithin See Lecithin Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture; 90.3% protein; 1% fat; 0.2% lactose; 3.5% ash CAS 9000-71-9; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1; 232-307-2 Uses: Protein source used in dietetic, sports, and health foods, slimming, and geriatric formulas, mixes for instant drinks and sachet packed high protein formulas Features: Spray-dried, instantized and agglomerated; free-flowing; low dusting; exc. dispersibility; low in lactose Properties: Wh. to cream powd.; bland, neutral odor; particle size <1000 ìm; neutral taste and odor; pH (10%) sol'n.) 6.8 Storage: 2 yr shelf life if stored @5-25 C and 70% max. humidity in original sealed pkg. Calcium Caseinate I [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein and Soya lecithin See Lecithin Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture; 90.3% protein; 1% fat; 0.2% lactose; 3.5% ash CAS 9000-71-9; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1; 232-307-2 Uses: Protein source, specifically developed for use in mixes for instant drinks; also for Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

use in used in dietetic, sports and health foods, slimming and geriatric formulas Features: Spray-dried, instantized and agglomerated; free-flowing; low dusting; low in lactose; high biological value and digestibility Properties: Wh. to cream powd.; bland, neutral odor; particle size <1000 ìm; neutral taste and odor; pH (10%) sol'n.) 6.8 Storage: 2 yr shelf life if stored @5-25 C and 70% max. humidity in original sealed pkg. Calcium Caseinate R [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium caseinate Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture; 90.5% protein; 0.8% fat; 3.5% ash; energy value1550kJ/100g CAS 9005-43-0 Uses: Protein source in protein-fortified foods; emulsifier, water binder and stabilizer in dairy prods., e.g., yogurt, processed cheese, low-fat spreads, sauces, imitation and processed cheese Properties: Wh. to cream powd.; bland, neutral taste/odor; particle size <800 ìm; neutral taste and odor; bulk dens. 470 g/l; pH (10%) sol'n.) 6.8 Storage: 2 yr shelf life if stored @5-25 C and 70% max. humidity in original sealed pkg. Calcium Caseinate S [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium caseinate CAS 9005-43-0 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for dietetic, sport, slimming, infant, and health foods; protein fortifier for cream soups, cultured dairy, biscuits, cereal prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §135.110, GRAS Properties: Lt. cream spray dried powd.; 100% through 35 mesh; clean, bland flavor and odor; dens. 0.35 g/ml (tapped); pH 6.5-7.1 (10%, 20 C) Use Level: 1-5% of final prod. Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry environment; store at least 25 C and >70% humidity in original, sealed bags Calcium Oxide 801 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium oxide FCC Chem. Analysis: CaO (95-100.5%) CAS 1305-78-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-138-9 UN 1910 Uses: Neutralizer in dairy industry (pasteurization of whole milk); alkali, 115

Part I: Trade Name Reference nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, yeast food in foods and food processing; neutralizer for phosphoric acid in prod. of baking powd. Properties: Wh. powd.; 99.8% through 200 mesh; odorless; sl. sol. in water; sp.gr. 3.30; dens. 65-75 lb/ft3 (compacted), 36-46 lb/ft3 (loose); dry brightness 88-92; nonflamm.; 0% volatiles Toxicology: ACGIH TLV 2 mg/m3; corrosive; irritant; may cause burns or irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes of upper respiratory tract; cryst. silica is known carcinogen Precaution: Incompat. with water and acids; alkaline; exothermic reaction with water Hazardous Ingredients: Cryst. silica (0.1-1.0%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 2

Calcium Stearate 920-T [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium stearate FCC CAS 1592-23-0; EINECS/ELINCS 216-472-8 Uses: Anticaking agent, emulsifier, lubricant, water repellent, and thickener in foods Properties: Wh. powd.; sl. fatty odor; 99.0% max. through 200 mesh; insol. in water; bulk dens. 16.2 g/ml; m.p. 302-320 F; pH 7.0-9.0; 4.0 % max. moisture; 9-10.5% oxide Toxicology: Dust can cause discomfort of the nose, throat, and respiratory tract, coughing and choking Environmental: not hazardous to aquatic life Precaution: Avoid dust formation, contact with eyes and skin Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning will produce toxic fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0

Calcium Pantothenate USP, FCC [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium pantothenate USP, FCC, EP See Calcium D-pantothenate CAS 137-08-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-278-9 Uses: Pantothenic acid source to fortify dry foods and enrichment premixes, usually in combination with other vitamins Regulatory: USP, FCC, Ph. Eur. Properties: Wh. spray-dried, free-flowing powd., odorless, sl. hygroscopic; freely sol. in water (1 g/3 ml water); sol. in glycerin; pract. insol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; m.w. 476.54; 90110% assay Precaution: Sl. sensitive to heat Storage: Store in dry place @ 59-96 F

Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate NF CAS 7778-18-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-900-3 Uses: Calcium source for enriched flours, breads, cereals, baking powd., yeast foods, canned vegetables, juices, jellies, preserves; buffer, processing aid in beer mfg. Features: Inert

Calcium Stearate 2307-G [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium stearate FCC CAS 1592-23-0; EINECS/ELINCS 216-472-8 Uses: Dietary supplement, curing agent, binder in foods Features: Tallow grade; noncaking Properties: 99.9% max. through 325 mesh; bulk dens. 0.19 g/ml; m.p. 145-155 C; 3% max. moisture; 9-10.5% oxide Toxicology: Dust can cause discomfort of the nose, throat, and respiratory tract, coughing and choking Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning will produce toxic fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Calcium Sulfate BC 164 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate anhyd. NF See Calcium sulfate Chem. Analysis: CaSO4 (98-101%) CAS 7778-18-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-900-3 Uses: Calcium source for foods (enriched flours, breads, cereals, baking powd., yeast foods, canned vegetables, juices, jellies, preserves); buffer, processing aid in beer mfg. Features: Inert Properties: Wh. powd.; 5.50 µ median particle size; 97% through 325 mesh; 99% through 200 mesh; odorless; sol. 26% in water; sp.gr. 2.96; dens. 76-86 lb/ft3 (compacted), 35-41 lb/ft3 (loose); oil absorp. 28-32; dry brightness 9396; m.p. 1450 C (dec.); nonflamm.; pH 10-11 Toxicology: TLV 10 mg/m3; may cause eye irritation; nuisance dust may cause coughing, sneezing, nasal irritation Precaution: Incompat. with acids 116

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Ingredients: Calcium sulfate (98100%), calcium carbonate (0-2%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SO2, CaO (above 1450 C) HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Calcium Sulfate BC 166 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate dihydrate NF/FCC Chem. Analysis: CaSO4 · 2H2O (98-101%) CAS 13397-24-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-900-3 Uses: Calcium source for foods (enriched flours, breads, cereals, baking powd., yeast foods, canned vegetables, juices, jellies, preserves); buffer, processing aid in beer mfg. Features: Inert Properties: Wh. powd.; 99% through 325 mesh; 100% through 200 mesh; odorless; sol. 26% in water; sp.gr. 2.32; dens. 70-76 lb/ft3 (compacted), 34-39 lb/ft3 (loose); dry brightness 87-91; m.p. 1450 C (dec.); nonflamm.; pH 6.2-7.2 Toxicology: TLV 10 mg/m3; may cause eye irritation; nuisance dust may cause coughing, sneezing, nasal irritation Precaution: Incompat. with acids Hazardous Ingredients: Calcium sulfate (98100%), calcium carbonate (0-2%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SO2, CaO (above 1450 C) HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 CalEssence® 70 Enhanced Purity [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ultra-low precipitated calcium carbonate USP/FCC Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for nutritional supplements, calcium-fortified foods, beverages, dairy prods. Features: Meets stringent regulatory requirements, such as Calif. Prop. 65 Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher Properties: Prisms; 0.70 µ median particle size; compacted dens. 37 lb/ft3; surf. area 8.1 m2/g Toxicology: Overexposure may cause irritation of eyes, skin and respiratory system; acute ing. may result in mild GI distress; chronic exposure may result in hypercalcemia; alkalosis, or renal impairment; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

noncarcinogenic Environmental: no significant effects; not harmful to aquatic life; no bioaccumulation or food chain conc. toxicity potential Precaution: Avoid contact with acids, alum, ammonium salts, and mercury/hydrogen mixtures; ignites on contact with fluorine HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 CalEssence® 80 Enhanced Purity [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ultra-low precipitated calcium carbonate USP/FCC Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for nutritional supplements, calcium-fortified foods, beverages, dairy prods. Features: Meets stringent regulatory requirements, such as Calif. Prop. 65 Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher Properties: Prismatic cubic blend; 0.80 µ median particle size; compacted dens. 33 lb/ft3; surf. area 7.0 m2/g Toxicology: Overexposure may cause irritation of eyes, skin and respiratory system; acute ing. may result in mild GI distress; chronic exposure may result in hypercalcemia; alkalosis, or renal impairment; noncarcinogenic Environmental: no significant effects; not harmful to aquatic life; no bioaccumulation or food chain conc. toxicity potential Precaution: Avoid contact with acids, alum, ammonium salts, and mercury/hydrogen mixtures; ignites on contact with fluorine HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 CalEssence® 160 Enhanced Purity [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ultra-low precipitated calcium carbonate USP/FCC Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for nutritional supplements, calcium-fortified foods, beverages, dairy prods. Features: Meets stringent regulatory requirements, such as Calif. Prop. 65; best for redispersible powds. due to open structure and rapid dispersibility Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher 117

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Scaleno-hedral particles; 1.60 µ median particle size; compacted dens. 26 lb/ft3; surf. area 8.7 m2/g Toxicology: Overexposure may cause irritation of eyes, skin and respiratory system; acute ing. may result in mild GI distress; chronic exposure may result in hypercalcemia; alkalosis, or renal impairment; noncarcinogenic Environmental: no significant effects; not harmful to aquatic life; no bioaccumulation or food chain conc. toxicity potential Precaution: Avoid contact with acids, alum, ammonium salts, and mercury/hydrogen mixtures; ignites on contact with fluorine HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 CalEssence® 300 Enhanced Purity [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ultra-low precipitated calcium carbonate USP/FCC Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for nutritional supplements, calcium-fortified foods, baked and formed goods (cereals, snack bars) Features: Meets stringent regulatory requirements, such as Calif. Prop. 65; preferred when minimizing tablet size Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher Properties: Cubic particles; 3.00 µ median particle size; compacted dens. 53 lb/ft3; surf. area 3.0 m2/g Toxicology: Overexposure may cause irritation of eyes, skin and respiratory system; acute ing. may result in mild GI distress; chronic exposure may result in hypercalcemia; alkalosis, or renal impairment; noncarcinogenic Environmental: no significant effects; not harmful to aquatic life; no bioaccumulation or food chain conc. toxicity potential Precaution: Avoid contact with acids, alum, ammonium salts, and mercury/hydrogen mixtures; ignites on contact with fluorine HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 CalEssence® 450 Enhanced Purity [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ultra-low precipitated calcium carbonate USP/FCC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for nutritional supplements, calcium-fortified foods, baked and formed goods (cereals, snack bars) Features: Meets stringent regulatory requirements, such as Calif. Prop. 65; preferred when minimizing tablet size Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher Properties: Cubic particles; 4.50 µ median particle size; compacted dens. 68 lb/ft3; surf. area 2.2 m2/g Toxicology: Overexposure may cause irritation of eyes, skin and respiratory system; acute ing. may result in mild GI distress; chronic exposure may result in hypercalcemia; alkalosis, or renal impairment; noncarcinogenic Environmental: no significant effects; not harmful to aquatic life; no bioaccumulation or food chain conc. toxicity potential Precaution: Avoid contact with acids, alum, ammonium salts, and mercury/hydrogen mixtures; ignites on contact with fluorine HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 CalEssence® 1500 Enhanced Purity [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ultra-low precipitated calcium carbonate USP/FCC Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (98%) CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for nutritional supplements, calcium-fortified foods, beverages, dairy prods. Features: Meets stringent regulatory requirements, such as Calif. Prop. 65; preferred when minimizing tablet size Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher Properties: Semi-regular prismatic wh. odorless particles; 15.00 µ median particle size; partly sol. in water; sp. gr. 2,71; compacted dens. 90 lb/ft3; surf. area 2.0 m2/g Toxicology: Overexposure may cause irritation of eyes, skin and respiratory system; acute ing. may result in mild GI distress; chronic exposure may result in hypercalcemia; alkalosis, or renal impairment; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Environmental: no significant effects; not harmful to aquatic life; no bioaccumulation or food chain conc. toxicity potential 118

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Avoid contact with acids, alum, ammonium salts, and mercury/hydrogen mixtures; ignites on contact with fluorine HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Calgon® Carbon Type ADP [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer for foods Regulatory: Certified to ANSI/NSF Std. 61 Properties: Blk. powd.; 80x325 sieve size; 6580% on 325 mesh; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc; iodine no. 1200 min.; 5% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type APA [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer for foods Properties: Blk.; 12x40 sieve size; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type APC [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer for foods Properties: Blk.; 12x40 sieve size; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type BL® [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer, purifier for foods Properties: Blk. powd.; 65-75% -325 mesh; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc; bulk dens. 0.59 g/cc (dense); surf. area 1000-1100 m2/g; iodine no. 1000 min.; sp.heat 0.25 (100 C); 2% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type C® [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer for foods Properties: Blk. powd.; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type CAL® [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated 119

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer for foods; sugar refining Properties: Blk. gran.; 12x40 sieve size; 0.9-1.1 mm mean particle diam.; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc; bulk dens. 0.49 g/cc (dense); surf. area 1000-1100 m2/g; iodine no. 1000 min.; pH 7.5; sp.heat 0.25 (100 C); 2% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type Cane Cal® [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer for foods Properties: Blk.; 12 x 40 sieve size; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type CPG® LF [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer for foods Properties: Blk.; 8x30, 12x40 sieve sizes; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type GW [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer for foods Properties: Blk. powd.; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type GW 12x40 [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Filter medium for dechlorination and removal of trace dissolved organics from water treatment, for food processing and beverage industries Properties: Blk. gran.; 12x40 sieve size; 0.9-1.1 mm mean particle diam.; 5% max. < 40 mesh; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc; iodine no. 850 min.; 2% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type OL® [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer for foods Properties: Blk. gran.; 20x50 sieve size; 3% > 20 mesh, 1% < 50 mesh; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc; bulk dens. 0.48 g/cc (dense); 120

Part I: Trade Name Reference surf. area 1000-1100 m2/g; iodine no. 1050 min.; sp. heat 0.25 (100 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type PWA® [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer for foods Features: Rec. where low pH sol'ns. are encountered Properties: Blk. powd.; 65-75% -325 mesh; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc; bulk dens. 0.51 g/cc (dense); surf. area 900-1000 m2/g; iodine no. 900 min.; pH 6-8; sp. heat 0.25 (100 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type RB® [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Filter aid, purifier for foods Features: Provides fast filtration, easy wettability, min. dusting chars. Properties: Blk. powd.; 60-75% -325 mesh; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc; bulk dens. 0.48 g/cc (dense); surf. area 1100-1300 m2/g; iodine no. 1070 min.; sp.heat 0.25 (100 C); 2% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calgon® Carbon Type SGL® [Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon See Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Decolorizer for foods; purifier for sugar sol'ns. Properties: Blk. gran.; 8 x 30 sieve size; 1.5-1.7 mm mean particle diam.; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.3 g/cc; bulk dens. 0.52 g/cc (dense); surf. area 900-1000 m2/g; iodine no. 900 min.; sp.heat 0.25 (100 C); 2% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic by ing.; LC50 (inh., rat) 64.4 mg/l; pract. nontoxic by inh.; ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3, OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (respirable); may cause eye irritation; dust may be sl. irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Potential oxygen depletion hazard; contact with strong oxidizers (e.g., ozone, liq. oxygen, chlorine, permanganate) may result in fire; fire may generate CO Calib [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium bromate, calcium iodate, and other edible excipients Uses: Dough conditioner, dough strengthener for continuous mix processing Features: Provides balanced blend of fast and slow acting oxidizers to improve dough strength throughout baking process Properties: Tablet supplying 45 ppm potassium bromate and 15 ppm calcium iodate/cwt flour Use Level: 1 tablet; 75 ppm max. (total bromates and iodates)/cwt flour Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored under cool, dry conditions Caliment® Dicalcium Phosphate Milled [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate FCC See Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate CAS 7789-77-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-826-1 Uses: Calcium source, phosphorus source for foods for infants, invalids, and geriatric 121

Part I: Trade Name Reference patients and in animal feeds; gellant with alginates in fruit pulps, desserts, and in pet food Features: Nonflamm. Regulatory: EU, FCC compliance Properties: Wh. fine impalpable powd., odorless, tasteless; insol. in water; m.w. 172.09; 31.933.5% calcium as CaO Toxicology: Nontoxic Storage: 2 yr. shelf life; store in closed pkgs. in cool, dry place; protect from contamination Calsoft® L-60 [Pilot http://www.pilotchemical.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate See Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate CAS 25155-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 246-680-4 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier for washing fruits and vegetables Properties: Water-wh. pasty liq.; odorless; dens. 8.7 lb/gal; pH 7.4; anionic; 60% solids Environmental: biodeg. Cameo® Showcase [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sugar, dextrose, agar, modified food starch, tricalcium phosphate See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Food starch, modified; Glucose; Sucrose Uses: Stabilizer for retail-type icings and glazes Features: Produces semitransparent icing; system is activated in hot tap water Properties: 100% through 20 mesh granulation; 2.5% ash Use Level: 10% on total sugar in formulation Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use; hygroscopic; protect from exposure to air for extended periods Cameo Velvet® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sugar, calcium sulfate, dextrose, calcium carbonate, agar, modified food starch, salt, artificial color, and monoand diglycerides See Food starch, modified; Glucose; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Sodium chloride; Sucrose Uses: Icing stabilizer for wh. glossy icings and coatings for yeast-raised goods, donuts, cakes, fried pies, honeybuns, foods exposed to high humidity or packed in poly Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bags Features: Pumpable; easy processing; prevents weeping or melting of icing inside pkg. Properties: 3% loss on drying; 32% ash Use Level: 10% on powd. sugar wt. (icings); 68% on powd. sugar (glazes) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use; hygroscopic; protect from exposure to air for extended periods Cameo Velvet WT [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sugar, calcium sulfate, dextrose, calcium carbonate, agar, modified food starch, salt, mono- and diglycerides See Food starch, modified; Glucose; Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Sodium chloride; Sucrose Uses: Icing stabilizer for glossy semitransparent icings and glazes for yeastraised goods, donuts, cakes, fried pies, honeybuns, chocolate or colored icings, foods exposed to high humidity or packed in poly bags Features: Produces quick drying icing or glaze that is ready to be packaged soon after applic.; icings remain pumpable and process easily; prevents weeping or melting of icing inside pkg. Properties: 3% loss on drying; 31% ash Use Level: 10% on powd. sugar wt. (icings); 68% on powd. sugar (glazes) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use; hygroscopic; protect from exposure to air for extended periods Camphene 46 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: 2,2-Dimethyl-3methylenebicyclo [2.2.1] heptane See Camphene CAS 79-92-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-234-8 UN 1325 Uses: Chem. intermediate for flavors Regulatory: DOT regulated; USA, Europe, Canada, Australia, Japan, Philippines, China listed Properties: Wh. semi-solid; APHA color 40 max.; m.w. 136.24; sp.gr. 0.845; dens. 7.05 lb/gal; b.p. 160 C; flash pt. (TCC) 23.3 C Toxicology: TSCA listed 122

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Flamm. Camphene P&F, FCC [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: 2,2-Dimethyl-3methylenebicyclo [2.2.1] heptane; αFenchene, and Tricyclene See Camphene CAS 79-92-5; 471-84-1; 508-32-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-234-8; 208-083-7 UN 1325 Uses: Fragrance enhancer in foods; syn. flavoring agent Features: Provides lift to pine, lavender, lavandin, cedar, and citrus fragrances Regulatory: DOT regulated; FCC compliant; GRAS Properties: Wh. solid; mild camphor-like odor; completely sol. in alcohol; m.w. 136.24; sp.gr. 0.839 @ 60 C; dens. 7.00 lb/gal; b.p. 160 C; flash pt. (TCC) 34.4 C Toxicology: Not skin sensitizing; contact with undiluted material is irritating to eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 1 Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oat hull-based fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Dietary fiber, partial flour replacement for baked goods, cereals, beverages, snack foods, pasta, meat prods., sauces, supplements, low fat systems, pharmaceuticals; water holding capacity, fat mimetic, moisturizer in foods; texturizer in ground meat prods.; strengthener in dry foods e.g., taco shells, ice cream cones; texturizer, shelf life extender in cookies, breads, crackers Features: Natural fiber for boosting dietary fiber levels in foods without masking delicate flavors Regulatory: GRAS; USDA approval; kosher Properties: Creamy-wh. color; microfine, med., coarse granulations; neutral odor; bland flavor; pH 5.5-6.5; 5% max. moisture; 90% TDF Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 100 [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oat fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Dietary fiber, texturizer for cookies, crackers, biscuits, nutritional tablets Features: Stable over wide pH and temp. range; lowest water and oil holding capacity Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS Properties: Dk. tan natural grain color; coarse grind size; bland flavor; 85% TDF Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 200 [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oat fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for breads and baked goods, health food formulations, cereals, snack foods, supplements; strengthener in crackers and cookies Features: Low water absorp.; low cost; higher in total dietary fiber than wheat bran; contains 30% hemicellulose, linked to fecal regularity Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS Properties: Lt. tan color; med. and fine grind; neutral odor; bland flavor; bulk dens. 26-40.5 lb/ft3 (packed); pH 5.5-7.5; 7% max. moisture; 90% TDF Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oat fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Dietary fiber, shelf life extender, calorie reducer in breads, low-fat baked goods, fried snacks, meat prods., pasta, nutritional bars Features: All purpose; mod. water absorption; virtually noncaloric; smooth mouthfeel and texture; complements gel-type replacers in fatfree foods Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS Properties: Lt. cream color; microfine, ultrafine, fine, and med. grinds; neutral odor; bland flavor; bulk dens. 23-39 lb/ft3; pH 5.5-7.5; 7% max. moisture; 94% TDF Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 500 [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oat fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Dietary fiber, shelf life extender, calorie reducer in breads; visc. builder in nutritional beverages; carrier for flavor systems in seasonings; antisticking agent, texturizer in tortillas Features: High quality; provides moist mouthfeel; mod. high water absorption; virtually noncaloric; smooth mouthfeel and texture; complements gel-type replacers in fatfree foods Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS Properties: Lt. creamy wh. color; microfine and 123

Part I: Trade Name Reference ultrafine grinds; neutral odor; bland flavor; bulk dens. 24.1-27.0 lb/ft3 (packed); pH 5.5-7.5; 7% max. moisture; 95.5% TDF; < 5% sol. fiber Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770 [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oat fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Texturizer, strengthener, shelf life extender for baked goods, low and no-fat cookies and cakes, taco shells, tortilla chips, ice cream cones, extruded prods., ground meat prods. Features: Highest water and oil holding capacity; stable over wide pH and temp. range; essentially fat and calorie-free Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS Properties: Med. tan color; fine grind; bland flavor; 98-100% through 50 mesh, 85-100% through 100 mesh; bulk dens. 11.5-15 lb/ft3 (packed); pH 6.5-8.5; 7% max. moisture; 91% TDF; < 2% sol. fiber Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780 [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oat fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Texturizer, strengthener, shelf life extender for baked goods, low and no-fat cookies and cakes, taco shells, tortilla chips, ice cream cones, extruded prods., ground meat prods. Features: Highest water and oil holding capacity; stable over wide pH and temp. range; essentially fat- and calorie-free Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS Properties: Lt. cream or creamy wh. color; fine grind; bland flavor; 98-100% through 50 mesh, 85-100% through 100 mesh; bulk dens. 11.515 lb/ft3 (packed); pH 5.5-7.5; 7% max. moisture; 91% TDF; < 2% sol. fiber Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oat fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Texturizer, strengthener, shelf life extender for baked goods, low and no-fat cookies and cakes, taco shells, tortilla chips, ice cream cones, extruded prods., ground meat prods. Features: Highest water and oil holding capacity; stable over wide pH and temp. range; essentially fat- and calorie-free Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Lt. cream or creamy wh. color; fine grind; bland flavor; > 99% through 50 mesh, > 95% through 100 mesh; bulk dens. 11-14 lb/ft3 (packed); pH 6-7; 7% max. moisture; 91% TDF; < 2% sol. fiber Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Corn Bran [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn bran See Corn (Zea mays) bran Uses: Fiber source for powd. drinks, nutritional bars, cereals Features: Great taste; twice as much dietary fiber as wheat bran; stabilized to reduce microbiological impurities and prevent offflavors Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Lt. tan color; med., fine, ultrafine grinds; sl. corn flavor; 10% max. moisture; 85% TDF Storage: 6 mos. min. shelf life Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.optafood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Uses: Dietary fiber, nutrient, texturizer for baked goods, cereals, snack foods, nutritional bars Features: Stabilized to extend shelf life; lower microbial count; reduced lipolytic enzyme activity Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Golden reddish brn. color; fine, med. coarse grinds; sweet nutty toasted odor and flavor; 10% max. moisture; 15% TDF; 4% sol. fiber Storage: 6 mos. min. shelf life Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Micro-Lite Corn Bran [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.optafood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn bran See Corn (Zea mays) bran Uses: Dietary fiber for high-fiber formulations, baked goods, cereals, beverages, snack foods, pasta, pharmaceuticals Features: Natural; contains higher total dietary fiber than Stabilized Corn Bran, is lighter in color and blander in taste; smooth mouthfeel at low granulation; low microbial count Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Lt. tan color; fine, ultrafine, med. 124

Part I: Trade Name Reference granulations; typ. odor; bland flavor; 10% max. moisture; 85% TDF; 2% sol. fiber Storage: 6 mos. min. shelf life Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oat Bran [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oat bran See Oat (Avena sativa) bran Uses: Dietary fiber for baked goods, drink mixes, nutritional bars, nutraceutical prods. Features: Stabilized to reduce bitter flavor; low microbiological impurities Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Lt. cream color; fine, ultrafine, and med. grinds; typ. odor; sl. sweet oat flavor; 10% max. moisture; 18.4% TDF; 8% sol. fiber comprised of β-glucan Storage: 6 mos. min shelf life Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oatex® [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Steel-cut oat groat, high-fiber fraction from oat hulls, and bran fraction of the oat endosperm See Oat (Avena sativa) bran; Oat (Avena sativa) fiber; Whole oat Uses: Dietary fiber for baked goods, cereals, snack foods, meat prods. Features: Stabilized to reduce enzyme activity that causes rancidity; low in fat, sat. fat, and cholesterol; linked to cholesterol reduction in humans Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Lt. tan color; coarse granulation; sweet oat odor and flavor; 47% through 60 mesh, 33% on 35 mesh; 10% max. moisture; 18% TDF, 3.5% sol. fiber consisting of βglucan Storage: 6 mos. min. shelf life Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Red Wheat Bran [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.optafood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat bran See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran Uses: Dietary fiber for baked goods, cereals, snack foods, pasta, supplements, pharmaceuticals Features: Natural; stabilized to protect against flavor degradation and to provide crispness and mouthfeel; low microbial count Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Red brn. color; coarse, med., fine, ultrafine granulations; typ. odor; nutty flavor; 10% max. moisture; 50% TDF; 3% sol. fiber Storage: 6 mos. min. shelf life Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Canadian Harvest® Stabilized White Wheat Bran [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.optafood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat bran See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran Uses: Dietary fiber for foods (baked goods, cereals, snack foods, pasta), supplements, pharmaceuticals Features: Rec. where a creamy colored wheat fiber is desired; softer texture and milder flavor than Stabilized Red Wheat Bran; stabilized for reduced off-flavors; low microbial count; reduced lipolytic enzyme activity Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Tan color; coarse, med., fine, ultrafine granulations; typ. odor; nutty flavor; 10% max. moisture; 38% TDF; 5% sol. fiber Storage: 6 mos. min. shelf life Canarcel 60 [Oxiteno Mexico http://www.oxiteno.com.mx] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, bread, icings, fillings, whipping and toppings, chocolate coatings, shortenings, flavors and dairy systems; gloss aid in chocolate Properties: Cream waxy flakes; HLB 4.7; nonionic Canarcel 65 [Oxiteno Mexico http://www.oxiteno.com.mx] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan tristearate CAS 26658-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4 Uses: Oil emulsifier for foods; crystallization accelerator in chocolate Properties: Cream waxy flakes; HLB 2.2; nonionic Canarcel 80 [Oxiteno Mexico http://www.oxiteno.com.mx] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan oleate CAS 1338-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 Uses: Oil emulsifier for foods; emulsifier for crystal modification and bloom retardation Properties: Amber liq.; HLB 4.3; nonionic Canarcel TW 20 [Oxiteno Mexico http://www.oxiteno.com.mx] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 sorbitan laurate See Polysorbate 20 CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Solubilizer for flavors Properties: Yel. liq.; HLB 16.7; nonionic Canarcel TW 60 [Oxiteno Mexico 125

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.oxiteno.com.mx] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 sorbitan stearate See Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier for icings, frozen desserts, whipped toppings, coatings, and fillings; dough conditioner for bread, cake mixes, rolls, sweet goods; emulsifier for gelatin desserts, salad dressings; foaming agent for nonalcoholic beverages Properties: Yel. visc. liq.; HLB 14.9; nonionic Canarcel TW 80 [Oxiteno Mexico http://www.oxiteno.com.mx] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 sorbitan oleate See Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, frozen desserts, ice creams, shortenings, whipped toppings; flavor and color dispersant for pickles; defoamer for beet sugar and yeast processing Properties: Yel. liq.; HLB 15.0; nonionic Candelilla Wax SP 24A [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Candelilla wax substitute See Candelilla synthetic CAS 136097-95-5 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, 176.180, 184.1976; CTFA listed Properties: Amber crude lumps, refined lumps, flakes, or powd.; m.p. (R & B) 165-175 F; acid no. 2-10; sapon. no. 50-65; 45% max. paraffinic hydrocarbons Candelilla Wax SP 50 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Candelilla wax See Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax CAS 8006-44-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-347-0 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.320, 176.180, 184.1976; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. crude lumps, refined lumps, flakes, or powd.; m.p. 68.5-72.5 C; acid no. 1222; sapon. no. 43-65; flash pt. 241 C min.; 45% max. paraffinic hydrocarbons Toxicology: TSCA listed Candelilla Wax SP 75 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Candelilla wax See Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 8006-44-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-347-0 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.320, 176.180, 184.1976; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. crude lumps, refined lumps, flakes, or powd.; m.p. 68.5-72.5 C; acid no. 1222; sapon. no. 43-65; flash pt. 241 C min.; 45% max. paraffinic hydrocarbons Toxicology: TSCA listed Candelilla Wax SP 78 Prime Quality Crude [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Candelilla wax See Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax CAS 8006-44-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-347-0 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.320, 176.180, 184.1976; CTFA listed Properties: Tan crude lumps, refined lumps, flakes, or powd.; m.p. 68.5-72.5 C; acid no. 1222; sapon. no. 43-65; flash pt. 241 C min.; 45% max. paraffinic hydrocarbons Toxicology: TSCA listed Candelilla Wax SP 99 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Candelilla wax See Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax CAS 8006-44-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-347-0 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.320, 176.180, 184.1976; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. crude lumps, refined lumps, flakes, or powd.; m.p. 68.5-72.5 C; acid no. 1222; sapon. no. 43-65; flash pt. 241 C min.; 45% max. paraffinic hydrocarbons Toxicology: TSCA listed Candelilla Wax SP 350 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Candelilla wax See Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax CAS 8006-44-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-347-0 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.320, 176.180, 184.1976; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. crude lumps, refined lumps, flakes, or powd.; m.p. 68.5-72.5 C; acid no. 1222; sapon. no. 43-65; flash pt. 241 C min.; 45% max. paraffinic hydrocarbons Toxicology: TSCA listed Candelilla Wax SP 803 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Candelilla wax substitute See Candelilla synthetic 126

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 136097-95-5 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.320, 176.180; CTFA listed Properties: Tan crude lumps, refined lumps, flakes, or powd.; m.p. 174-180 F; acid no. 815; sapon. no. 30-40; 45% max. paraffinic hydrocarbons Candelilla Wax Fine [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Candelilla wax See Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax CAS 8006-44-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-347-0 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.320, 176.180; CTFA listed Properties: Powd.; 98% min. through 60 mesh, 70% min. through 120 mesh, 30% min. through 200 mesh, 10% min. through 325 mesh; 45% max. paraffinic hydrocarbons Toxicology: TSCA listed Can-Fil® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener, suspending agent for canned foods, soups, stews, gravies, pet foods, etc. Features: Reduces fat migration during retorting Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Canners TF [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Unmodified corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Process stability improver, visc. control agent in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Features: Meets canning specifications for thermophiles Canocol S-20 [Centro China http://www.centro.ttnet.net] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan monolaurate Uses: Emulsifier in food applics. Properties: Liq.; HLB 8.6; nonionic; 100% solids Canocol S-60 [Centro China http://www.centro.ttnet.net] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan monostearate Uses: Emulsifier in food applics. Properties: Flake; HLB 4.7; nonionic; 100% solids Canocol S-80 [Centro China http://www.centro.ttnet.net] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan monooleate Uses: Emulsifier in food applics. Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; acid no. 7 max; HLB 4.3; flash pt. > 300 F; nonionic; 99% act. Storage: Store in cool, dry area Canocol S-85 [Centro China http://www.centro.ttnet.net] Chem. Descrip.: sorbitan trioleate Uses: Emulsifier in food applics. Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; insol. in water; sol. in mineral oil, fats, oils, and alcohol; acid no. 7 max; HLB 4.3; flash pt. > 300 F; nonionic; 99% act. Storage: Store in cool, dry area Canocol T-20 [Centro China http://www.centro.ttnet.net] Chem. Descrip.: Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Chem. Analysis: 3% max. moisture Uses: Emulsifier for fats and oils in whipped veg. oil, imitation dry cream mix, cake mixes, confectionery coatings, cake icing, and pie filling Properties: Visc. yel. liq.; disp. in water, mineral oil, aromatic and aliphatic solvents; dens. 1.1 g/ml; HLB 16.7; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 81-96; flash pt. > 300 F; nonionic Canocol T-40 [Centro China http://www.centro.ttnet.net] Chem. Descrip.: Polyoxyethlene sorbitan monolaurate 127

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Emulsifier for food processing applics. Properties: Liq.; HLB 15.6; nonionic Canocol T-60 [Centro China http://www.centro.ttnet.net] Chem. Descrip.: Polyoxyethlene sorbitan monolaurate Uses: Emulsifier for food applics. Properties: Liq.; HLB 14.9; nonionic Canocol T-80 [Centro China http://www.centro.ttnet.net] Chem. Descrip.: Polyoxyethlene sorbitan monolaurate Uses: Emulsifier for food applics. Properties: Liq.; HLB 15.0; nonionic Canocol T-81 [Centro China http://www.centro.ttnet.net] Chem. Descrip.: Polyoxyethlene sorbitan monolaurate Uses: Emulsifier for food applics. Properties: Liq.; HLB 10.0; nonionic Cantaloupe Melon Treattarome 9726 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: mixt. of esters Uses: Flavor for foods Properties: Melon flavor Use Level: 0.02-0.05 Canthaxanthin 10% CWS/N [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Canthaxanthin finely dispersed in corn starch coated gelatin, sucrose, and corn oil See Canthaxanthine; Corn (Zea mays) oil; Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 514-78-3; EINECS/ELINCS 208-187-2 Uses: Colorant for surimi and other foods Features: Imparts a orange-red to red color Properties: Violet-brown powd.; 85% min. through sieve No. 40; disp. in water; 10% min. assay (canthaxanthin) Use Level: 300 mg max./lb of solid or semisolid or pint of liq. food Storage: Store in tightly closed container in cool, dry place, optimally below 46 F; avoid moisture Capmul® GMO [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate CAS 25496-72-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant, defoamer for foods, clinical nutrition, infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements; flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1323, 184.1505 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Lovibond 4R max. semisolid; sol. in org. solvs. and oils; sp.gr. 0.94; visc. 44.8 cs @ 120 F; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; vapor dens. > 1; m.p. 25 C max.; HLB 3-4; acid no. 3 max.; flash pt. 495 F (COC); iodine no. 75 max.; sapon. no. 160-170; nonionic; 40% min. mono Precaution: Chemical splash goggles rec. Storage: 12 mos. min. when stored @ 68-77f Capmul® GMO-50, EP/NF [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate CAS 25496-72-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Multifunctional emulsifier for foods Regulatory: USP/NF, EP, FDA 21 CFR § 184.1505, 21 CFR § 184.1323; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable Properties: Opaque odorless liq.; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.94; visc. 44.8 cs @ 120 F; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; vapor dens. > 1; m.p. 25 C max.; acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 65-95; sapon. no. 150-170; flash pt. 200 F; iodine no. 75 max.; sapon. no. 160-170; nonionic; HLB 3.0-4.0; 40% min. mono Toxicology: Sl. eye irritant; no adverse effects from dermal contact or ing.; vapors and/or aerosols which may be formed at elevated temps. may be irritating to eyes and respiratory tract; noncarcinogenic; nonteratogenic; TSCA listed Environmental: biodegradable; avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways Precaution: Combustible; chemical splash goggles rec. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Retest and re-qualify 12 mos. from the date of manufacture; store in a dry location in tight containers protected from light Capmul® GMS-50 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Emulsifier, bodying agent, lubricant, visc. modifier for clinical nutrition, infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements Properties: Lovibond R4.0 max. bead; mild odor; insol. in water; sol. in oil @ elevated temps.; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; vapor dens. > 1; m.p. 57-62 C; flash pt 480 F (COC); HLB 3-4; acid no. 3.0; iodine no. 5.0; nonionic 128

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Capmul® MCM [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl mono-dicaprylate, deconoic acid monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol See Glyceryl caprate; Glyceryl caprylate CAS 26402-26-6; 26402-22-2; EINECS/ELINCS 252-992-1; 247-667-6 Uses: Solvent, dispersant, emulsifier, solubilizer, vehicle, carrier, penetrant for clinical nutrition, nutritional/sports supplements; solubilizer, solvent, carrier, visc. modifier in flavors, fragrances Properties: Lovibond 4R max. liq. to semisolid; mild fatty or grease odor; sol. in oil and alcohol; HLB 5.5-6.0; acid no. 2.5 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; flash pt. (COC) > 300 F; nonionic; 55% min. alpha mono Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Capmul® MCMC8 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl caprylate and 1,2,3Propanetriol See Glycerin CAS 26402-26-6; 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247668-1; 200-289-5 Uses: Solubilizer, solvent, carrier, visc. modifier in flavors, fragrances Regulatory: FDA GRAS; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable Properties: Lovibond 5R max. liq. to semisolid; fatty odor; partly sol. in water; vapor pressure < 1 mmHg; acid no. 2.5 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; nonionic; 55% min. alpha mono Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 mg/kg; sl. eye and skin irritant; ing. may cause GI discomfort; vapors and/or aerosols which may be formed at elevated temps. may be irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Wear chemical splash goggles and neoprene or PVC gloves; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store @ 68-77 F in dry place; requalify after 12 mos.; store away from heat and flame in closed SS storage tanks in a dry area Capmul® MCMC10 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monocaprate See Glyceryl caprate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 26402-22-2; EINECS/ELINCS 247-667-6 Uses: Solubilizer, solvent, carrier, visc. modifier in flavors, fragrances Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Solid; sol. in propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, IPM, octyl stearate, octyl palmitate, SDA alcohol, ethoxydiglycol, phenyl trimethicone; vapor dens. > 1; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; flash pt. (COC) > 150 C; nonionic Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Capmul® MCM-L [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono/diglycerides of caprylic/capric acid in Glycerol See Glycerin; Glyceryl caprate CAS 26402-22-2; 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247667-6; 200-289-5 Uses: Bioavailability enhancer, emulsifier, solubilizer in nutritional applics. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; DMF 3700 Properties: Lovibond 4.0 R max. liq.; fatty odor; vapor pressure < 1 mmHg Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 mg/kg; not expected to cause serious irritation to eyes; no adverse effects to skin Precaution: Wear chemical splash goggles and neoprene gloves for hot oil; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store @ 68-77 F in dry place; requalify after 12 mos. Capmul® MCM-L8 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono/diglycerides of caprylic/capric acid in Glycerol See Glycerin; Glyceryl caprate CAS 26402-22-2; 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247667-6; 200-289-5 Uses: Bioavailability enhancer, emulsifier, solubilizer in nutritional applics. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; DMF 3700 Properties: Lovibond 4.0 R max. liq.; fatty odor; partially sol. in water; vapor pressure < 1 mmHg; acid no. 2.5 max.; flash pt. (COC) > 150 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 mg/kg; sl. irritant to eyes and skin; may cause GI discomfort if ing. in large quantities; vapors and/or aerosols which may be formed at elevated temps. may be irritating to eyes and respiratory tract; noncarcinogenic; nonmutagenic 129

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Wear chemical splash goggles and neoprene gloves for hot oil; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ 68-77 F in dry place; requalify after 12 mos.; store away from heat and flame in closed SS storage tanks in a dry area Capmul® PG-8 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol monocaprylate (>90%) and Propylene glycol dicaprylate (<10%) See Propylene glycol caprylate CAS 31565-12-5; 7384-98-7 Uses: Bioavailability enhancer, emulsifier, solubilizer in nutritional applics. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; DMF17436, E 477; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable Properties: APHA 100 max. liq.; sl. medicinal odor; insol. in water; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; b.p. 137°C @ 4 mm Hg; acid no. 2.5 max.; flash pt. (COC) 136 C; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 mg/kg; sl. eye and skin irritant; vapors and/or aerosols which may be formed at elevated temps. may be irritating to eyes and respiratory tract; noncarcinogenic; nonmutagenic Environmental: biodegradable; avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways Precaution: Wear ANSI-approved goggles and neoprene gloves; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Retest and requalify 24 mos. from the date of manufacture; store in a dry area away from heat and sparks in closed containers; maintain good ventilation Caprol® 3GO [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-3 oleate CAS 33940-98-6; EINECS/ELINCS 251-749-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, frozen desserts, veg. dairy prods., diet spreads; dispersant, emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent for clinical nutrition, infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable Properties: Gardner 7 max. liq.; sl. caramel odor; sol. in org. solvs. and oils; HLB 6.5; acid no. 6 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

max.; iodine no. 78 max.; sapon. no. 125-150; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: Nonirritant to eyes; not a serious irritant to skin; vapors from heated material sl. irritating by inh.; noncarcinogenic; nonmutagenic Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area away from heat and sparks; keep containers closed when not in use; maintain good ventilation Caprol® 3GS [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-3 stearate CAS 37349-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 248-403-2 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, whipping agent in foods, frozen desserts, and fat reduction; bodying agent, emulsifier, visc. modifier for clinical nutrition, infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Properties: Gardner 8 max. powd.; fatty odor; sp.gr. 0.96-1.00; HLB 6.25; acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 120-135; flash pt. (COC) 400 F; nonionic; 100% conc. Precaution: Wear neoprene gloves, chemical splash goggles Caprol® 10G40 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate CAS 34424-98-1; EINECS/ELINCS 252-011-7 Uses: Emulsifier, visc. control agent, stabilizer for foods; emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent for clinical nutrition, infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Properties: Amber to brn., Gardner 7 max. liq.; mild odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1.01; visc. 4432 centistokes; vapor dens. > 1; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; HLB 6.2; acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 60 max.; sapon. no. 125-150; flash pt. (COC) > 425 F; nonionic; 100% conc. Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ambient storage Caprol® 10G10O [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate 130

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 11094-60-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-316-7 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, lubricant, dispersant for foods; dispersant, emulsifier, solubilizer for clinical nutrition, infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Properties: Gardner 9 max. liq.; sol. in oils and org. solvs.; sp.gr. 0.98; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; vapor dens. > 1; b.p. > 500 F; flash pt. 290 C (COC); HLB 3.5; acid no. 8 max.; iodine no. 85 max.; sapon. no. 155-185; nonionic; 100% conc. Precaution: Chemical splash goggles rec.; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Caprol® ET [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl mixed veg. fatty acid esters; conforms to hydrogenated veg. oil NF See Hydrogenated vegetable oil Uses: Emulsifier and crystal inhibitor for foods, vegetable oils; lubricant in clinical nutrition, infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854(c), FCC, SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable Properties: Gardner 8 max. liq.; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.93; m.p. 37-39 C; b.p. 500 F; HLB 2.5; acid no. 8 max.; iodine no. 25 max.; sapon. no. 176-198; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: Sl. eye irritant; no adverse effects to skin; vapors and/or aerosols which may be formed at elevated temps. may be irritating to eyes and respiratory tract; noncarcinogenic; nonmutagenic; nonteratogenic Environmental: avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with oxidizers; wear goggles, neoprene gloves for chem. protection, and PVC-lined gloves for thermal protection HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a dry location in tightly sealed containers @ R.T. away from heat and sparks Caprol® MPGO [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 278-358-4 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, frozen desserts Features: Nongreasy Properties: Nonionic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Caprol® PGE860 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 279-230-0 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; beverage clouding agent; dispersant, emulsifier, solubilizer, visc. modifier, wetting agent for clinical nutrition, infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements Features: Hydrophilic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Properties: Gardner 10 max. visc. liq.; caramel odor; disp. in water; vapor dens. > 1; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; HLB 11.0; acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 60 max.; sapon. no. 90-105; flash pt. (COC) 250 C; nonionic; 100% conc. Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ambient storage Capryol® PGMC [Gattefosse France http://www.gattefosse.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol monocaprylate See Propylene glycol caprylate CAS 31565-12-5 Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.856; E 477; worldwide food additive status Properties: Oily liq.; faint odor; HLB 5.0; 60% monoesters Capsul® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Film-former, encapsulant for flavors, clouds, vitamins, and spices in dry beverage mixes, bakery dry mixes (cakes, cookies), breakfast drinks, creams Features: Forms very stable o/w emulsions at higher solids Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 3.5 (1%); ≈ 5% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; nontoxic; TSCA listed 131

Part I: Trade Name Reference Environmental: no aquatic toxicity established Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Capsul® TA [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from tapioca starch See Food starch, modified Uses: Encapsulant for flavors in dry beverage mixes reconstituted by the addition of water, bartender dry mixes, and bakery dry mixes, such as cakes and cookies. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; starch odor; disperses in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 3.0 (1%); ≈ 5% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; nontoxic; TSCA listed Environmental: no aquatic toxicity established Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Captex® 100 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol dicaprate CAS 53824-77-4; EINECS/ELINCS 258-814-9 Uses: Lubricant, moisturizer, solubilizer, extender, visc. modifier, bioavailability enhancer, vehicle, carrier for vitamins, colors, and flavors for nutritional formulas; pan and mold release agent Features: Nonoily Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.856; Kosher Properties: Cl. liq.; bland odor and taste; misc. with most org. solvs.; vapor dens. > 1; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; acid no. 0.1 max.; sapon. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

no. 270-295; flash pt. (COC) > 200 C; 0.1% max. moisture Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place @ ambient temp. Captex® 200 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate CAS 68583-51-7; EINECS/ELINCS 271-516-3 Uses: Vehicle, carrier, solubilizer, coupling agent, bioavailability enhancer, solvent for flavors, fragrance oil, sol. colorants, vitamins in foods Regulatory: Conforms to hydrogenated veg. oil NF Properties: APHA 100 liq.; odorless; sol. in alcohol, oils, hydrocarbons, ketones; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.92-0.96; visc. 7-13 mPa·s; vapor dens. > 1; vapor press < 1 mm Hg; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 1.0 max.; sapon. no. 315-335; cloud pt. < -20 C; flash pt. (COC) 410 F; ref. index 1.4393 Environmental: avoid runoff to waterways Precaution: Wear PVC or neoprene gloves, goggles, suitable boots; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ambient storage; retest and requalify after 2 yrs. Captex® 200P [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate CAS 68583-51-7; EINECS/ELINCS 271-516-3 Uses: Carrier, vehicle, energy source, bioavailability enhancer, viscosity modifier for nutritional supplements and clinical nutrition Regulatory: USP/NF, EP, DMF 1939, FDA 21 CFR § 172.856; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable Properties: APHA 100 liq.; odorless; sol. in fatty oils and lt. petroleum, hydrocarbons, ketones; sl. sol. in anhyd. ethanol; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.91-0.93; visc. 9-12 cP; vapor dens. > 1; vapor press < 1 mm Hg; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 1.0 max.; sap; hyd. no. 10.0 max.; peroxide no. 1.0 max.; cloud pt. < -15 C; flash pt. (COC) 410 F; ref. index 1.439-1.442 132

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: Nonirritant to eyes and skin; nontoxic; noncarcinogenic Environmental: avoid runoff to waterways Precaution: Wear PVC or neoprene gloves, goggles, suitable boots; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place @ ambient temp.; retest and requalify after 2 yr Captex® 300 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Lubricant, moisturizer, diluent, solubilizer, vehicle, carrier, visc. modifier for clinical nutrition, infant formulas Features: Med. chain triglyceride Properties: Gardner 2 max. liq., bland odor and flavor; sol. in alcohol, oils, hydrocarbons, ketones; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.95; visc. 2430 mPa·s; b.p. > 500 F; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5; sapon. no. 335-350; cloud pt. < -5 C; ref. index 1.4481; flash pt. (COC) 480 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 34 g/kg, (oral, mouse) > 23.5 g/kg; sl. irritating to eyes Environmental: avoid runoff to waterways; biodeg. Precaution: Wear goggles, gloves, apron when working with hot material; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area; keep container closed when not in use Captex® 300 EP/NF [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride (from food grade, veg. oil raw materials) CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Carrier, vehicle, solubilizer, energy source, visc. modifier in nutritional applics. Features: Fully refined; deodorized Regulatory: NF, EP compliance; DMF # 1939 Properties: Misc. with most org. solvs. incl. 95% ethanol; sp.gr. 0.93-0.96; visc. 25-33 mPa·s; vapor dens. > 1; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 1.0 max.; sapon. no. 310-360; flash pt. (COC) 480 F; ref. index 1.440-1.452; 0.2% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 36 ml/kg; no or sl. irritation potential on skin; nonirritating Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

to eyes Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store in dry place @ ambient temp. Captex® 350 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride; conforms to hydrogenated veg. oil NF CAS 68991-68-4 Uses: Diluent, moisturizer, solvent, vehicle, carrier, fixing agent, extender for clinical nutrition, infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements Features: Med. chain triglyceride Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Gardner 2 max. liq., bland odor and flavor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.94; visc. 36-42 mPa·s; vapor dens. > 1; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 1.52 max.; sapon. no. 290-310; cloud pt. 0 C max.; flash pt. (COC) 520 F; ref. index 1.4582 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 36 ml/kg, (oral, mouse) > 25 ml/kg; may cause sl. eye, skin irritation Environmental: avoid runoff to waterways; expected to be biodeg.; not expected to bioaccumulate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area at ambient temps. Captex® 355 EP/NF [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Diluent, lubricant, moisturizer, solubilizer, vehicle, carrier, visc. modifier for clinical nutrition Features: Med. chain triglyceride Regulatory: NF, EP, DMF 1939; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable Properties: Colorless to lt. liq.; no odor; bland flavor; misc. with most org. solvs. incl. 95% ethanol; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.95; visc. 25-33 mPa·s; b.p. > 500 F; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 1.0 max.; sapon. no. 310 - 360; hyd. no. 10.0 max.; ref. index 1.440-1.452; flash pt. (COC) 480 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 36 g/kg, (oral, mouse) 23.5 mg/kg; sl. irritating to eyes; nonirritating to skin; noncarcinogenic; nonmutagenic; nonteratogenic 133

Part I: Trade Name Reference Environmental: avoid runoff to waterways; biodeg. Precaution: Wear goggles, gloves, apron when working with hot material; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area @ ambient temps. and away from heat and direct sunlight; keep container closed when not in use

Environmental: avoid runoff into storm sewers or ditches that lead to waterways; biodeg.; Precaution: Combustible; wear PVC or neoprene gloves, goggles, suitable boots; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 18 mos.; store in closed container in dry place @ ambient temps.; keep away from heat, flame, sparks

Captex® 355 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Diluent, lubricant, moisturizer, solubilizer, vehicle, carrier, visc. modifier for clinical nutrition, infant formulas, sports supplements; carrier for essential oils, flavors, and fragrances Features: Med. chain triglyceride Properties: Lovibond R1.0 max. cl. liq.; neutral odor; bland flavor; misc. with most org. solvs. incl. 95% ethanol; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.920.96; visc. 26-32 mPa·s; b.p. 500 F; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 325345; cloud pt. < -5 C; ref. index 1.4486; flash pt. (COC) 480 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 34 g/kg, (oral, mouse) > 23.5 g/kg; sl. irritating to eyes Environmental: avoid runoff to waterways; biodeg. Precaution: Wear goggles, gloves, apron when working with hot material; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area; keep container closed when not in use

Captex® 800 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol diethylhexanoate See Propylene glycol dioctanoate CAS 93981-97-6; EINECS/ELINCS 301-185-3 Uses: Carrier for essential oils, flavors; vehicle for vitamins, nutritional prods. Features: Nonoily Properties: APHA 100 max. cl. liq., neutral odor; bland flavor; misc. with most org. solvs. incl. 95% ethanol; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.9160.926; visc. 9-13 mPa·s; vapor dens. > 1; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; acid no. 1.0 max.; iodine no. 1.0 max.; sapon. no. 320-340; cloud pt. < -20 C Environmental: avoid runoff to waterways Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizers NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ambient storage

Captex® 500 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl triacetate See Triacetin CAS 102-76-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-051-9 Uses: Solvent, fixing agent for flavors and fragrances in foods; syn. flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1901, GRAS; FCC, USP approved; RCRA not regulated Properties: Colorless liq.; mild vegetable oil odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 1.16; b.p. ≈ 260 C; flash pt. ≈ 146 C; autoignition temp.≈ 432 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3 g/kg; sl. eye irritant Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Captex® 810D [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric/linoleic triglyceride Uses: Diluent, moisturizer, solubilizer, solvent, vehicle, carrier, fixing agent, extender in nutritional applics.; carrier for flavors and fragrances Regulatory: SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable Properties: Gardner 2 max. liq.; mild fatty odor; vapor pressure < 1 mmHg; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 85; sapon. no. 235-253 Toxicology: Sl. eye irritant; no adverse effect to skin; noncarcinogenic; nonmutagenic Precaution: Avoid mist formation and contact with eyes; wear chemical splash goggles and neoprene-type gloves for hot oil; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr min. shelf life; store in dry area in closed, labeled containers; keep away from 134

Part I: Trade Name Reference heat, sparks and flame. Captex® 1000 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tricaprin CAS 621-71-6; EINECS/ELINCS 210-702-0 Uses: Carrier for flavors, fragrances, colors, and vitamins; diluent, lubricant, moisturizer, solubilizer, vehicle, carrier, visc. modifier for clinical nutrition, infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements Features: Provides non-greasy water-resist. film Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Pale yel. solid; misc. with most org. solvs.; sp.gr. 0.92; vapor dens. > 1; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; m.p. 33 C; b.p. > 500 F; acid no. 0.1 max.; sapon. no. 280-320; 0.1% max. moisture Precaution: Wear chemical splash goggles, neoprene gloves; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in dry place @ ambient temp. Captex® 8000 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tricaprylin CAS 538-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 208-686-5 Uses: Carrier for essential oils, flavors; vehicle for vitamins, nutritional prods. Features: Nonoily Properties: APHA 150 max. cl. liq.; neutral odor; bland flavor; misc. with most org. solvs. incl. 95% ethanol; visc. 20-28 mPa·s; acid no. 1.0 max.; iodine no. 1.0 max.; sapon. no. 350-365; cloud pt. < -5 C; ref. index 1.4469 Captex® 8227 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triundecanoin CAS 13552-80-2; EINECS/ELINCS 236-935-8 Uses: Lubricant, moisturizer, visc. modifier, solvent, fixing agent, extender in nutritional applics.; carrier for flavors and fragrances Regulatory: 21 CFR 172.856; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable Properties: APHA 150 solid; fatty odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.9; vapor dens. > 1; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; m.p. 25-29 C; acid no. 0.5 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 270290; cloud pt. 21 C; flash pt. (COC) 350 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 gm/ kg; slight irritant to eyes; no adverse effects to skin or by ing.; noncarcinogenic; nonmutagenic; nonteratogenic Precaution: Wear chemical splash goggles; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Retest and requalify 18 months from the date of manufacture; store in a dry area away from heat or sparks; maintain good ventilation around containers. Captex® CA [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Medium chain triglycerides; Starch See Caprylic/capric triglyceride Chem. Analysis: 4.0 max. moisture CAS 65381-09-1; 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3; 232-686-4 Uses: Clouding agent in fruit, juice, and carbonated type beverages Regulatory: SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; clean, sl. sweet taste; vapor pressure < 1 mmHg; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 85; sapon. no. 235253 Precaution: Avoid mist formation and contact with eyes; wear chemical splash goggles and neoprene-type gloves for hot oil; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 1 yr shelf life; store @ 60-80° F. Captex® SBE [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/Capric/Stearic Triglyceride Chem. Analysis: 0.2 % moisture (max.) CAS 308067-08-5 Uses: Extender for specialty butters such as Shea Butter; improve crystal formation eliminating graininess associated with specialty butters; improves spreadability Features: Does not contain any additives or antioxidants; maintains extremely good oxidative stability Regulatory: Kosher Properties: APHA 250 solid; mild fatty odor; vapor pressure <1 mm Hg; m.p. ≈ 42-47C; flash pt. (PMCC) >200 F Toxicology: Not expected to cause serious irritant to eyes; no adverse effects to skin or by ing.; mist classified as nuisance particulates (ACGIH) Precaution: Wear chemical mask or respirator in presence of mist; avoid high temps. near flash pt. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx 135

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Retest and re-qualify 12 months from the date of manufacture; store in a dry place at 68-77 F Carbowax® E300 NF [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-6 NF, FCC CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 220-045-1 Uses: Defoamer in fermentation, food processing Properties: Cl. visc. liq.; sol. in water; m.w. 300; sp.gr. 1.125; dens. 9.36 lb/gal; f.p. -10 C; visc. 69 cSt; flash pt. (PMCC) > 400 F; ref. index 1.463; sp. heat 0.508 cal/g/°C Toxicology: Extremely low acute oral toxicity; little or no irritation to eyes and skin; not recommended for use on abraded skin; may generate irritating vapors on decomp. Carbowax® E400 NF [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-8 NF, FCC CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 225-856-4 Uses: Defoamer in fermentation, food processing Properties: Cl. visc. liq.; m.w. 400; sp.gr. 1.125; dens. 9.36 lb/gal; f.p. 6 C; visc. 90 cSt; flash pt. (PMCC) > 450 F; ref. index 1.465; sp. heat 0.498 cal/g/°C Toxicology: Extremely low acute oral toxicity; little or no irritation to eyes and skin; not recommended for use on abraded skin; may generate irritating vapors on decomp. Carbowax® E600 NF [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-12 NF, FCC CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 229-859-1 Uses: Defoamer in fermentation, food processing Properties: Cl. visc. liq.; sol. in water, ethanol, cyclomethicone, sunscreens, lactic acid; m.w. 600; sp.gr. 1.126; dens. 9.37 lb/gal; f.p. 22 C; visc. 131 cSt; flash pt. (PMCC) > 450 F; ref. index 1.466; sp. heat 0.490 cal/g/°C Toxicology: Extremely low acute oral toxicity; little or no irritation to eyes and skin; not recommended for use on abraded skin; may generate irritating vapors on decomp. Carbowax® E1000 NF [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 NF, FCC CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Defoamer in fermentation, food processing Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. waxy solid; m.w. 1000; sp.gr. 1.214; f.p. 37 C; visc. 18 cSt (210 F); flash pt. (PMCC) > 450 F Toxicology: Extremely low acute oral toxicity; little or no irritation to eyes and skin; not recommended for use on abraded skin; may generate irritating vapors on decomp. Carbowax® E1450 NF [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-32 NF, FCC CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Defoamer in fermentation, food processing Properties: Wh. waxy solid; m.w. 1450; sp.gr. 1.214; f.p. 44 C; visc. 29 cSt (210 F); flash pt. (PMCC) > 450 F Toxicology: Extremely low acute oral toxicity; little or no irritation to eyes and skin; not recommended for use on abraded skin; may generate irritating vapors on decomp. Carbowax® E3350 NF [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-75 NF, FCC CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Defoamer in fermentation, food processing Properties: Wh. waxy solid, pract. odorless; sol. > 100 g/100 g in water; m.w. 3350; sp.gr. 1.224; visc. 93 cSt (210 F); f.p. 54 C; b.p. dec.; flash pt. (PMCC) > 232 C; pH 4.5-7.5 (5% aq.) Toxicology: Single dose oral toxicity believed to be very low; may cause sl. transient eye irritation; avoid prolonged/repeated contact with abraded skin Precaution: Dusts may present explosive hazard; incompat. with oxidizers, conc. min. acids Carbowax® E8000 NF [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-150 NF, FCC CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Defoamer in fermentation, food processing Properties: Wh. waxy solid, cl. liq. above 65 C, pract. odorless; sol. > 100 g/100 g in water; m.w. 8000; sp.gr. 1.224; f.p. 60 C; visc. 800 cSt (210 F); flash pt. (PMCC) > 260 C; pH 4.57.5 (5% aq.); > 99% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 50 g/kg (low oral toxicity); may cause sl. transient temporary eye irritation; avoid prolonged/repeated exposure on abraded skin 136

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Dusts may present explosive hazard; incompat. with oxidizers, conc. min. acids Carbowax® PEG 4000 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-90 CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Food additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 178.3750, 178.3910; EPA regulated; NF and FCC approved Properties: Wh. opaque hard solid; sol. 66% in water (20 C); m.w. 3600-4400; sp.gr. 1.0926 (60 C); dens. 8.99 lb/gal (80 C); visc. 140.4 cSt (210 F); m.p. 57-59; flash pt. (PMCC) 246 C; nonionic Storage: Store sealed @ < 50 C; for prolonged storage keep under nitrogen atm. Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-6 FCC, USP/NF CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 220-045-1 Uses: Coupling agent, solvent, vehicle, humectant, lubricant, binder, base, bodying agent, dispersant, conditioner, defoamer for food processing; diluent in color additive coatings for fresh citrus fruit Regulatory: USP/NF, FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340 Properties: Water-wh. visc. liq.; sol. in water, alcohols, glycerin, glycols; m.w. 285-315; sp.gr. 1.1250; dens. 9.38 lb/gal; visc. 5.8 cSt (99 C); f.p. -15 to -8 C; hyd. no. 356-394; flash pt. (PMCC) > 180 C; ref. index 1.463; pH 4.57.5 (5% aq.); surf. tens. 44.5 dynes/cm; nonionic Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-8 FCC, USP/NF CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 225-856-4 Uses: Coupling agent, solvent, vehicle, humectant, lubricant, binder, base, bodying agent, dispersant, defoamer for food processing; diluent in color additive coatings for fresh citrus fruit Regulatory: USP/NF, FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340 Properties: Water-wh. visc. liq.; sol. in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, trichloroethylene, Cellosolve®, Carbitol®, dibutyl phthalate, toluene; m.w. 380-420; sp.gr. 1.1254; dens. 9.39 lb/gal; visc. 7.3 cSt (99 C); f.p. 4-8 C; hyd. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

no. 267-295; flash pt. (PMCC) > 180 C; ref. index 1.465; pH 4.5-7.5 (5% aq.); surf. tens. 44.5 dynes/cm; nonionic Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 540 Blend [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-6 and PEG-32 FCC, USP/NF Uses: Diluent in color additive coatings for fresh citrus fruit; bodying agent, dispersant, defoamer for food processing Regulatory: USP/NF, FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340 Properties: Wh. soft waxy solid; sol. in methylene chloride, 73% in water, 50% in trichloroethylene, 48% in methanol; m.w. 500600; sp.gr. 1.0930; dens. 9.17 lb/gal (55 C); visc. 15.1 cSt (99 C); m.p. 38-41 C; hyd. no. 187-224; flash pt. (PMCC) > 180 C; pH 4.5-7.5 (5% aq.) Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 600 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-12 FCC, USP/NF CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 229-859-1 Uses: Diluent in color additive coatings for fresh citrus fruit; bodying agent, dispersant, defoamer for food processing Regulatory: USP/NF, FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340 Properties: Water-wh. visc. liq.; sol. in water, alcohols, glycols; m.w. 570-630; sp.gr. 1.1257; dens. 9.40 lb/gal; visc. 10.8 cSt (99 C); f.p. 2025 C; hyd. no. 178-197; flash pt. (PMCC) > 180 C; ref. index 1.46; pH 4.5-7.5 (5% aq.); surf. tens. 44.5 dynes/cm; nonionic Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 900 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 FCC, USP/NF CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Diluent in color additive coatings for fresh citrus fruit; bodying agent, dispersant, defoamer for food processing Regulatory: USP/NF, FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340 Properties: Wh. soft waxy solid; sol. 86% in water; m.w. 855-945; sp.gr. 1.0927 (60 C); dens. 9.16 lb/gal (55 C); visc. 15.3 cSt (99 C); m.p. 32-36 C; hyd. no. 119-131; flash pt. (PMCC) > 180 C; pH 4.5-7.5 (5% aq.); nonionic Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1000 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 FCC, USP/NF 137

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Diluent in color additive coatings for fresh citrus fruit; bodying agent, dispersant, defoamer for food processing Regulatory: USP/NF, FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340 Properties: Wh. soft waxy solid; sol. 80% in water; m.w. 950-1050; sp.gr. 1.0926 (60 C); dens. 9.16 lb/gal (55 C); visc. 17.2 cSt (99 C); m.p. 37-40 C; hyd. no. 107-118; flash pt. (PMCC) > 180 C; pH 4.5-7.5 (5% aq.); nonionic Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1450 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-32 FCC, USP/NF CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Diluent in color additive coatings for fresh citrus fruit; bodying agent, dispersant, defoamer for food processing Regulatory: USP/NF, FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340 Properties: Wh. soft waxy solid or flake; sol. 72% in water; m.w. 1300-1600; sp.gr. 1.0919 (60 C); dens. 9.17 lb/gal (55 C); bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3 (flake); visc. 26.5 cSt (99 C); m.p. 43-46 C; hyd. no. 70-86; flash pt. (PMCC) > 180 C; pH 4.5-7.5 (5% aq.); nonionic Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 3350 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-75 FCC, USP/NF CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Diluent in color additive coatings for fresh citrus fruit; bodying agent, dispersant, defoamer for food processing Regulatory: USP/NF, FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340 Properties: Wh. hard waxy flake or powd.; sol. 67% in water; m.w. 3000-3700; sp.gr. 1.0926 (60 C); dens. 8.94 lb/gal (80 C); bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3 (flake), 40 lb/ft3 (powd.); visc. 90.8 cSt (99 C); m.p. 54-58 C; hyd. no. 30-37; flash pt. (PMCC) > 180 C; pH 4.5-7.5 (5% aq.); nonionic Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 4600 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-100 FCC, USP/NF CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Diluent in color additive coatings for fresh citrus fruit; bodying agent, dispersant, defoamer for food processing Regulatory: USP/NF, FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. hard waxy flake or powd.; sol. 65% in water; m.w. 4400-4800; sp.gr. 1.0926 (60 C); dens. 8.95 lb/gal (80 C); bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3 (flake), 40 lb/ft3 (powd.); visc. 184 cSt (99 C); m.p. 57-61 C; hyd. no. 23-26; flash pt. PMCC) > 180 C; pH 4.5-7.5 (5% aq.); nonionic Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 8000 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-150 FCC, USP/NF CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Diluent in color additive coatings for fresh citrus fruit; bodying agent, dispersant, defoamer for food processing Regulatory: USP/NF, FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340 Properties: Wh. hard waxy flake or powd.; sol. 63% in water; m.w. 7000-9000; sp.gr. 1.0845 (60 C); dens. 8.96 lb/gal (80 C); bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3 (flake), 40 lb/ft3 (powd.); visc. 822 cSt (99 C); m.p. 60-63 C; hyd. no. 13-16; flash pt. (PMCC) > 180 C; pH 4.5-7.5 (5% aq.); nonionic Carbrea® Tabs [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Azodicarbonamide, carbamide, ascorbic acid, and other edible excipients See L-Ascorbic acid; Urea Uses: Dough conditioner, yeast nutrient, fermentation aid for yeast-raised baked goods Features: Oxidation system provides dough str., gas retention; nitrogen source aids fermentation Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Beige tablets, odorless; disp. in water Use Level: 1-2 tablets/cwt flour Storage: 1 yr. shelf life stored under cool, dry conditions Cardioaid™-M [ADM Nutrition http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Plant sterol-sucrose fatty acid ester complex CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Dietary supplement that helps reduce the absorption of dietary cholesterol used in beverages and other aq. systems Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to tan gran. solid; sl. taste and odor; insol. in waterm.p. 135-140 C; 95% sterols Cardioaid™-CZ [ADM Nutrition 138

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Plant sterol-sucrose fatty acid ester complex Chem. Analysis: 1% max. moisture CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Dietary supplement that helps reduce the absorption of dietary cholesterol used in beverages and other aq. systems Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Yel. to off-wh. paste.; sl. taste and odor; m.p. 15-30 C; 56% sterols Use Level: 0.4 gram per serving of plant sterols, eaten twice a day with meals for a daily total intake of at least 0.8 gram Storage: Shelf life of 18 mos. when sotored in unopened containers; store in closed packaging under dry conditions Cardioaid™-S [ADM Nutrition http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Plant sterol-sucrose fatty acid ester complex Chem. Analysis: 0.1% max. moisture CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Dietary supplement that helps reduce the absorption of dietary cholesterol used in beverages and other aq. systems Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Creamy wh. to pale yel solid.; sl. taste and odor; m.p. 25-30 C; acid no. 1.0 mg KOH/g max.; peroxide no. 5.0 meq/kg max.; 56% sterols Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (8%), maltotriose (10%), dextrose (2%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 5.0% moisture; 21.0 DE CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Sugar crystallization inhibitor, sweetener and binder for sausages, hams and other meat prods., soup and sauce mixes, spices and seasonings, dry mix beverages Features: Relatively low hygroscopicity; good dispersibility; good solubility Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1865 Properties: Neutral taste and low sweetness; bulk dens. (packed) 660 g/l; pH 4.4 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Shelf life 24 mos. from date of manufacture; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Dry GL™ 01925 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (9.5%), maltotriose (11.5%), dextrose (2.5%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 5.0% moisture; 25.0 DE CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Bulking agent for peanut butter, dairy prods., coatings for nuts and snack foods, soup, sauce and gravy mixes, coffee whiteners Features: Low hygroscopicity; can be dissolved in room temperature water at levels up to 70% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1865 Properties: Bland flavor; sl. sweet taste; bulk dens. (packed) 690 g/l; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos. from date of manufacture; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Dry GL™ 01938 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (11%), maltotriose (10%), dextrose (14%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 5.0% moisture; 36.0 DE CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Sweetener used in confections where the addition of water is not desirable such as chewing gum, hard candy, fruit leathers, spices and seasonings, cake and batter mixes Features: Low hygroscopicity; can be dissolved in room temperature water at levels up to 70%; moderate reducing sugars content; reduced tendency to dust Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1865 Properties: Med. coarse grans.; 2% thru on 60 US Mesh; bland flavor; sl. sweet taste; bulk dens. (packed) 900 g/l; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 12 mos. from date of manufacture; store in a clean, dry, odor-free 139

Part I: Trade Name Reference area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (11%), maltotriose (11%), dextrose (13%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 5.0% moisture; 36.0 DE CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Bulking agent, bodying agent, freezing pt. control agent used in foods where the addition of water is not desirable such as chewing gum, hard candy, fruit leathers, spices and seasonings, cake and batter mixes Features: Low hygroscopicity; can be dissolved in room temperature water at levels up to 70%; moderate reducing sugars content; reduced tendency to dust Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1865 Properties: Fine grans.; 98% thru on 8 US Mesh; bland flavor; sl. sweet taste; bulk dens. (packed) 975 g/l; pH 4.7 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 12 mos. from date of manufacture; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (14%), maltotriose (12%), dextrose (19%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 3.5% moisture; 42.0 DE CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Moisture retention aid, sweetener, sugar crystallization retarding and control agent, bodying agent used in foods where the addition of water is not desirable such as jams, jellies, and preserves, syrup and toppings Features: Mod. hygroscopicity; can be dissolved in room temperature water at levels up to 70%; moderate reducing sugars content; reduced tendency to dust Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1865 Properties: Coarse grans.; 5% thru on 40 US Mesh; mod. sweet taste; bulk dens. (packed) 925 g/l; pH 5.0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 12 mos. from date of manufacture; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Dry GL™ 01946 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (14%), maltotriose (12%), dextrose (19%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 3.5% moisture; 42.0 DE CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Sweetener and bodying agent in confectionery prods., jams, jellies and preserves, and syrup and toppings; retards and controls sugar crystallization in foods Features: Retards and controls sugar crystallization in foods; can be dissolved in room temperature water at levels up to 70%; reduced tendency to dust Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1865 Properties: Fine gran. powd.; 98% max. thru 8 US mesh; sweet taste; easily disp. in cold water; bulk dens. 900 g/l; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 12 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Dry MD 01913 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (4%), maltotriose (6%), dextrose (1%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture; 15.0 DE CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Bulking agent, viscosifier, and bodying agent used in beverage, soup, and sauce mixes, dry-mix salad dressing, bakery glazes and icing, nutritional and infant formulas, and spice blends Features: Good solubility, bland flavor and low sweetness, essentially nonhygroscopicity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1444 Properties: Bland flavor and sweet taste; sol. in water; bulk dens. 625 g/l; pH 4.4 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive 140

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Dry MD 01918 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (6%), maltotriose (8%), dextrose (1.5%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture; 18.0 DE CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Bulking agent used in beverage, soup, and sauce mixes, icings, frozen desserts, dietetic and baby foods, and spice blends Features: Very bland flavor; does not cloud; relatively nonhygroscopicity; obtained by enzymatic conversion of common corn starch Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1444 Properties: Sol. in water; bulk dens. 690 g/l; pH 4.5 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Dry MD 01956 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (1.5%), maltotriose (2.0%), dextrose (0.5%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture; 7.5 DE CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Bulking agent, bodying agent, and viscosifier, film-former used in beverage, icing, soup, gravy, and sauce mixes, salad dressings, reduced fat foods, high carbohydrate drinks, and spice blends Features: Very bland flavor; nonhygroscopicity; high solubility, obtained by enzymatic conversion of waxy maize Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1444 Properties: Sol. in water; bulk dens. 545 g/l; pH 4.7 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Dry MD 01960 [Cargill Foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (2.5%), maltotriose (3.5%), dextrose (0.5%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture; 11.0 DE CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Bulking agent, bodying agent, and viscosifier, film-former, and encapsulating aid used in beverage, icing, soup, gravy, and sauce mixes, salad dressings, spraydried encapsulated flavor oils, and spice blends Features: Very bland flavor; nonhygroscopic; obtained by enzymatic conversion of starch Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1444 Properties: Sol. in water; bulk dens. 640 g/l; pH 4.4 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill DrySet™ 07702 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Lightly converted common corndextrin Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture; 0.1% ash CAS 9004-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-675-4 Uses: Crispness enhancer, coating agent for fried food batters, french fry coatings, lowfat coatings for snack food, pastry glazes Features: Facilitates formation of a continuous, uniform coating; helps to maintain crispiness under heat lamps; low solubility; med. to high visc.; light color Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277 Properties: Mild flavor; bulk dens. (packed) 850 g/l; pH 4.0 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 12 mos. from date of manufacture; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Gel™ 03420 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.1% ash; < 10 mg/kg SO2 CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 141

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Bodying agent, viscosifier, opacifier, texturizer, film former, water binder, and filler for soups, sauces, gravies, meat and poultry, dry mixes, icings, batter and breading mixes, cream and custard fillings Features: Thickens rapidly when cooled to form a firm, opaque gel; short, fluid consistency when hot Properties: pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting can be flamm. and explosive. Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Gel™ 03428 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 9.0% moisture; 0.2% ash; < 10 mg/kg SO2 CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Bodying agent and viscosifier for a range of applics. where moisture stability, absorption, and transfer problems exist such as baking powds., icing and dry mixes Features: Short, fluid consistency when hot; thickens rapidly when cooled to form a firm, yet soft gel; good gloss and sheen Properties: Bland flavor; particle size 99.5% thru 200 mesh; pH (1:) 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting can be flamm. and explosive. Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Gel™ 03458 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 10.0% moisture; 50 ppm max. SO2 CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Bodying agent, viscosifier, opacifier, texturizer, film former, water binder, and filler for soups, sauces, gravies, meat and poultry, dry mixes, icings, batter and breading mixes, cream and custard fillings Features: Recommended for use in food systems not requiring stability when subjected to low pH, high shear or excessive heat; thickens rapidly when cooled to form a firm, opaque gel Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Particle size 2.0% thru on 100 mesh; bulk dens. (packed) 44 lbs/ft3; pH (1:5) 4.7 Precaution: Excessive dusting can be flamm. and explosive. Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Moisture retention aid, thickener, and binder for cake mixes, donuts, soup, sauce and gravy mixes, instant puddings and desserts, aerated cream fillings Features: Instant viscosity without cooking; short texture at elevated temps.; gel-type body at R.T. or below Properties: Opaque; 90.0% thru on US 20 mesh; bulk dens. (packed) 44 lbs/ft3; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 12 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12410 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 6% moisture; 10 ppm SO2 CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Instant thickener used in baby food, bakery and cake mixes Features: Instant viscosity without cooking; hydrates quickly; high paste clarity; cohesive texture Properties: Grans.; bulk dens. (packed) 600 g/l; pH 6 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 12 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Set 05030 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Acid-treated, thinned common Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.4% ash CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gelling agent in confectionery prods. 142

Part I: Trade Name Reference such as gum drops, orange slices, and jelly beans Features: Low viscosity permits use at higher solids and improved handling characteristics; cooks out, even in the presence of high sugar concs. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 48 lbs/ft3; visc. (alkaline fluidity) 72 mls; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Set 05032 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Acid-treated, thinned common Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.4% ash CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gelling agent in confectionery prods. such as gum drops, orange slices, and jelly bean centers Features: Low viscosity permits use at higher solids and improved handling characteristics; cooks out, even in the presence of high sugar concs; good clarity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 48 lbs/ft3; visc. (alkaline fluidity) 30 mls; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Set 05033 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Acid-treated, thinned common Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.4% ash CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gelling agent in confectionery prods. such as gum drops, orange slices, and jelly beans Features: Low viscosity permits use at higher solids and improved handling characteristics; cooks out, even in the presence of high sugar concs; good clarity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 48 lbs/ft3; visc. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(alkaline fluidity) 30 mls; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Set 05034 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Acid-treated, thinned common Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thin-boiling starch and gelling agent in hard gum and soft jelly candies Features: Can be cooked by batch process or with continuous cooking systems; quickly sets to a clear gel on cooling; low hot-paste viscosity at hot solids Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: 2% thru on 100 meshy; bulk dens. (loose) 32 lbs/ft3; visc. (alkaline fluidity) 70 mL; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Set 06530 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized starch See Starch, oxidized Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.5% ash CAS 65996-62-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Film former, pan coating agent, glazing agent for confections and gums; gum Arabic replacer or extender Features: Films form with rapid drying, good clarity and flexibility, forms clear solutions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 50 lbs/ft3; visc. (cool tunnel) 50 ml; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Set™ 90030 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture CAS 53124-00-8 143

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Gelling agent in jellied candies such as gum drops, orange slices, jelly bean centers Features: Due to thinner viscosity a high usage level can be used without producing tailing effects; fast set to a firm gel; more consistent, stable texture over the shelf life of jelly candy prods.; needs to be cooked @ 310-330 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 48 lbs/ft3; visc. (alkaline fluidity) 50 mls; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Tex 06201 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Acetylated distarch adipate Chem. Analysis: 11.0% moisture; 0.3% ash CAS 63798-35-6 Uses: Thickener for bakery and fruit fillings (fresh, canned, pail and frozen), soups, sauces and gravies (canned and frozen), frozen entrees, barbecue and tomato sauces, baby food, and pet canned foods Features: Suited for neutral and acid systems; adaptable to both batch and continuous process systems; stable when subjected to prolonged heating; good cold storage and freeze-thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; EC directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bland flavor; bulk dens. (packed) 740 g/l; pH 5.5 Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Tex 06231 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Acetylated distarch adipate Chem. Analysis: 11.0% moisture; 0.5% ash CAS 63798-35-6 Uses: Thickener for baby food, canned soups, sauces, and gravies, dry mix prods., condiments, Oriental food, refrigerated and frozen entrees Features: High viscosity in neutral pH systems; adaptable to most batch systems; cooks easily without prolonged hold times; good cold storage and freeze-thaw stability; good paste clarity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Bland flavor; bulk dens. (packed) 650 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting can be flamm. and explosive. Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized, stabilized and crosslinked acetylated distarch adipate Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture CAS 63798-35-6 Uses: Thickener, binder, moisture retention aid, and shelf life extender for fresh and frozen fruit fillings, instant puddings and pie fillings, cake and bakery mixes, soup, sauce and gravy mixes, and batter mixes Features: Resistant to heat, acid, and shear conditions; hydrates quickly; provides high visc. without cooking; good cold storage and freeze-thaw stability; short texture; exc. paste clarity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Bland flavor; particle size 75 % thru US 200 mesh; bulk dens. (packed) 800 g/l; pH 5.5 Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Carmacid R [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Acid-stable ammonium carminate Uses: Colorant for foods, alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages Features: Natural; produces red shades Properties: 7.5% carminic acid Carmine PG [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated aluminum chelate of carminic acid, carmine lake-red powd. See Carmine (Coccus cacti) CAS 1390-65-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-724-4 Uses: Colorant for foods (meats, ice cream, yogurt, dairy prods., soups, jellies, fruit fillings, beverages, confections, puddings) Features: Natural; produces purple shades Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.100, 73.1100, 73.2087; EU E120 Properties: Sol. in alkaline media; insol. in water and alcohol; up to 60% carminic acid Storage: Keep in cool, dark place

144

Part I: Trade Name Reference Carmine XY/UF [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated aluminum chelate of carminic acid, carmine lake-red powd. See Carmine (Coccus cacti) CAS 1390-65-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-724-4 Uses: Colorant for foods (meats, ice cream, yogurt, dairy prods., soups, jellies, fruit fillings, beverages, confections, puddings) Features: Natural; produces red-yel. shades; high tinting str. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.100, 73.1100, 73.2087; EU E120 Properties: Sol. in alkaline media; insol. in water and alcohol; up to 60% carminic acid Storage: Keep in cool, dark place Carnation® [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil NF CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for food processing Features: Highly refined; hydrophobic; does not change color over time Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620(a) Properties: Water-wh., odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.829-0.845; visc. 11-14 cSt (40 C); pour pt. 12 C; flash pt. 185 C Carnauba Wax SP 8 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba (Copernicia cerifera) wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Toxicology: TSCA listed Carnauba Wax SP 59-2 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax substitute See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Lt. brn. flakes, lumps, or powd.; m.p. 175-187 F; acid no. 8-15; sapon. no. 80-95

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Carnauba Wax SP 63 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. flakes, lumps, or powd.; m.p. 83 C min.; acid no. 2-6; sapon. no. 78-88; flash pt. 310 C min.; 2% max. paraffinic hydrocarbons Toxicology: TSCA listed Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. flakes, lumps, or powd.; m.p. 8086 C min.; acid no. 2-7; sapon. no. 78-95; 0.004% max. heavy metals Toxicology: TSCA listed Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light) [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax substitute See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. flakes, lumps, or powd.; m.p. 7580 C; acid no. 8-12; sapon. no. 46-54 Toxicology: TSCA listed Carnauba Wax SP 135 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax substitute See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Tan flakes, lumps, or powd.; m.p. 145

Part I: Trade Name Reference 169-175 F; acid no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 15-21 Carnauba Wax SP 142 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Brn. flakes, lumps, or powd.; m.p. 82.5 C min.; acid no. 4-10; sapon. no. 78-88; flash pt. 299 C min.; 2% max. paraffinic hydrocarbons Toxicology: TSCA listed Carnauba Wax SP 200 [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Tan flakes, lumps, or powd.; m.p. 82.5 C min.; acid no. 4-10; sapon. no. 78-88; flash pt. 299 C min.; 2% max. paraffinic hydrocarbons Toxicology: TSCA listed Carnauba Wax Coarse [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Powd.; 80% min. through 60 mesh, 60% min. through 120 mesh, 20% min. through 200 mesh, 10% min. through 325 mesh Toxicology: TSCA listed Carnauba Wax Fine [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Powd.; 98% min. through 60 mesh, 75% min. through 120 mesh, 50% min. through 200 mesh, 20% min. through 325 mesh Toxicology: TSCA listed Carnauba Wax Hard [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. confectioner's powd.; 75% min. through 120 mesh; m.p. 81 C min.; acid no. 410; sapon. no. 78-98 Toxicology: TSCA listed Carnauba Wax Soft [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Yel. confectioner's powd.; 75% min. through 120 mesh; m.p. 81 C min.; acid no. 612; sapon. no. 80-100 Toxicology: TSCA listed Carnauba Wax Superfine [Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, fruit coatings, confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978; CTFA listed Properties: Powd.; 99% min. through 60 mesh, 98% min. through 120 mesh, 65% min. through 200 mesh, 40% min. through 325 mesh Toxicology: TSCA listed 146

Part I: Trade Name Reference CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: β-Carotene dispersed in sunflower oil See Carotene; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil CAS 7235-40-7; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6; 232-273-9 Uses: Colorant, nutrient, provitamin A source in food and beverage supplements, nutritional formulations, dietary supplements Regulatory: FCC, FDA CFR 73.95(b) Properties: Red visc. oil; sl. sol. in fats and oils; m.w. 536.85; 30% min. carotene content Toxicology: Can increase risk of lung cancer in heavy smokers and drinkers Caromix® Plus [LycoRed USA http://www.lycored.com] Chem. Descrip.: α-Carotene, β-carotene, lutein, lycopene, astaxanthin, and zeaxanthin See Carotene; Xanthophyll Chem. Analysis: 1% moisture; 178 mg/g (17.8%) carotenoid content CAS 7488-99-5; 7235-40-7; 127-40-2; 502-65-8; 472-61-7; 144-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 230636-6; 204-840-0; 207-949-1; 207-451-4; 205636-4 Uses: For mfg. of beverages Properties: Reddish brn. visc. liq.; char. odor; 100% through #20 U.S. Std. Sieve; 8% moisture; 4% total carotene Storage: Store @ 4 C for optimum stability CaroPure® Crystals [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: β-Carotene See Carotene CAS 7235-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6 Uses: Colorant, nutrient, provitamin A source in food and beverage supplements, nutritional formulations, dietary supplements CarraBind™ 27 [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant for marshmellows Features: Increases production yield CarraBind™ MPF-60B [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant for cooked flans or custards CarraBind™ MPF-74I [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Visc. builder, shape enhancer for instant flans and puddings CarraBind™ Series [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Stabilizer, binder for foods, meat and poultry prods. CarraFat™ [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan emulsion with water, salt, and flavoring See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Fat replacement in meat and poultry formulations esp. in ground or emulsified processed meat and poultry prods. Features: Low-calorie and cholesterol-free substitute for animal fat in processed meats; heat stable; microwavable Regulatory: FDA approved; kosher certified Properties: Off-wh. glossy, smooth powd., fatty flavor; 8% max. moisture Use Level: 5-25% (ground beef), 10-30% (breakfast sausage) Storage: Stable for up to 1 yr. when kept dry at ambient temps.; keep container tightly closed CarraJell™ 27 [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gelatin replacement for cakes, baked goods, confectionery prods.; foam control agent for beer CarraJell™ 34M [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant for pimento olive stuffing; foam control agent for beer CarraJell™ 46AF [Carrageenan Co. 147

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Foam control agent for beer CarraJell™ 69AF [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Foam control agent for beer CarraJell™ 70 SAG [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gelatin replacement for water dessert jelly; foam control agent for beer CarraJell™ Series [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant for dessert gels, low calorie jellies CarraLite™ [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fat flavored carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Fat replacement, stabilizer, gellant, bodying agent for dairy, bakery, confections, dietary and nutritional beverages, dessert mixes Regulatory: FDA approved; kosher certified Properties: Off-wh., fatty flavor; 95% through 80 mesh; swells in cold water; completely sol. in hot water; visc. 40-50 cps; pH 7-9 (1.5%); 8% max. moisture Use Level: 0.8-1.6% Storage: Stable for up to 1 yr. when stored dry at ambient temps.; keep containers tightly closed CarraLizer™ C-1 [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of carrageenan and other nat. gums See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Stabilizer, texturizer, fats/solids separation preventer, ice crystal control agent for premium full-fat and sugar-free Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ice creams Features: Prevents whey-off while unfrozen mix is in storage; protects from heat shock by preventing formation of lg. ice crystals Properties: 10% prod. fat content Use Level: 0.32-0.40% CarraLizer™ C-2 [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of carrageenan and other nat. gums See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Stabilizer, texturizer, fats/solids separation preventer, ice crystal control agent for premium full-fat and sugar-free ice creams Features: Prevents whey-off while unfrozen mix is in storage; protects from heat shock by preventing formation of lg. ice crystals Properties: ≥ 12% prod. fat content Use Level: 0.40% CarraLizer™ C-3 [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of carrageenan and other nat. gums See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Stabilizer, texturizer, fats/solids separation preventer, ice crystal control agent for premium full-fat and sugar-free ice creams Features: Prevents whey-off while unfrozen mix is in storage; protects from heat shock by preventing formation of lg. ice crystals Properties: 10% prod. fat content Use Level: 0.40% CarraLizer™ C-4 [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of carrageenan and other nat. gums See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Stabilizer, texturizer, fats/solids separation preventer, ice crystal control agent for premium full-fat and sugar-free ice creams Features: Prevents whey-off while unfrozen mix is in storage; protects from heat shock by preventing formation of lg. ice crystals Properties: 2-6% prod. fat content Use Level: 0.42-0.50% CarraVis™ 5 [Carrageenan Co. 148

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Visc. builder for salad dressings, mayonnaise; stabilizer for milk prods. CarraVis™ 60CL [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Syneresis control, bodying agent for dry mix cooked with milk; stabilizer for instant breakfasts, shakes; bodying agent, fruit suspension aid for yogurt; stabilizer for milk prods. CarraVis™ 80B [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Syneresis control, bodying agent, level starch gellation for pudding and pie fillings; stabilizer for milk prods. CarraVis™ 150LC [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Thickening gelation for cold prepared custards; stabilizer for milk prods. CarraVis™ 612X [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Visc. builder for fruit drinks; stabilizer for milk prods. CarraVis™ Series [Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrocolloid gum blend CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Stabilizer, suspending agent, gellant, emulsifier, thickener for dairy, beverage, and other foods Carrot Flakes Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: carrots and green banana Chem. Analysis: 5% max. moisture Uses: Carrot flavor in dry fruit preparations, drinks, vegetable preparations, baby foods, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cakes, soups, drinks, and soft food diets Features: Foreign material absent; produced by ripening, blanching, extracting, pulping, dosing green banana as carrier and sieving the mixture, then drum drying it Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; GMO compliant Properties: Orange yel. flakes; mashed cooked carrot odor/flavor; 20% min. retained thru US 20 mesh; dens. 120-200 g/l Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed containers Carrot Powder Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: carrots and green banana starch Chem. Analysis: 5% max. moisture Uses: Carrot flavor in dry fruit preps., drinks, vegetable preparations, baby foods, cakes, soups, drinks, and soft food diets Features: Foreign material absent; produced by ripening, blanching, extracting, pulping, dosing green banana as carrier and sieving the mixture, then drum drying , and milling Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; GMO compliant Properties: Orange yel. powd.; mashed cooked carrot odor/flavor; 5% max. retained thru US 60 mesh; dens. 520-660 g/l Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed original containers Carstab® DLTDP [Struktol http://www.struktol.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dilauryl thiodipropionate CAS 123-28-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-614-1 Uses: Preservative for foods; antioxidant migrating to foods from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 181.24, 182.3280, GRAS Properties: Wh. cryst. flake; sol. (g/100 g): 65 g toluene, 60 g ethyl acetate, 55 g acetone, 52 g heptane; insol. in water; m.w. 514; sp.gr. 0.896 (80 C); f.p. 40 C; acid no. 0.5; 99% purity Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10,3 g/kg; low oral and dermal toxicity Carstab® DSTDP [Struktol http://www.struktol.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Distearyl thiodipropionate CAS 693-36-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-750-5 Uses: Antioxidant migrating to foods from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 149

Part I: Trade Name Reference 181.24 Properties: Wh. cryst. flake or powd.; sol. (g/100 g): 13 g toluene, 2 g heptane, acetone; insol. in water; m.w. 682; sp.gr. 0.858 (80 C); f.p. 65 C; acid no. 1.0; 98% purity Toxicology: Low oral and dermal toxicity Cassis Ketone, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in tropical, berry flavors Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Lt. yel., cl. liq.; black currant, dark, sulfury taste; sol. in water, oil, alcohol, PG Use Level: 0.1-4 ppm as consumed Castorwax® NF [Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated castor oil NF CAS 8001-78-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-292-2 Uses: Wax for foods Regulatory: FDA approval Properties: Flake; tasteless; sol. in hot solvs.; sp.gr. 1.02; m.p. 87 C; acid no. 2; iodine no. (Wijs) 5; sapon. no. 180; hyd. no. 158; penetration hardness 2 Toxicology: Nontoxic Catalase NL Amano [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Catalase from Aspergillus niger CAS 9001-05-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-577-1 Uses: Enzyme for food processing, decomp. of H2O2 Properties: Lt. to dk. brn. liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water; pH 5.5-7.5 Toxicology: Skin irritant; nontoxic; inh.of aerosols or dust resulting from inappropriate handling may induce sensitization and may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals Precaution: Wear respirator approved for aerosols and potential airborne concs., protective eye glasses, and latex gloves; and avoid formation of aerosols Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store container in cool, dry place with good ventilation Cavamax® W6 [Wacker-Chemie Fine Chemicals GmbH http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp; Wacker Fine Chemicals Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: α-Cyclodextrin See Cyclodextrin CAS 10016-20-3; EINECS/ELINCS 233-007-4 Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other substances, masking flavor, odor, or coloration, stabilizing against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., for use in foods Properties: Wh. to sl. ylsh. powd.; sol. 14.5 g/100 ml in water; m.w. 973; bulk dens. 0.4-0.7 g/cm3; 90% min. conc., 11% max. water Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in sealed containers under dry conditions Cavamax® W6 Food [Wacker-Chemie Fine Chemicals GmbH http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp; Wacker Fine Chemicals http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: α-Cyclodextrin See Cyclodextrin Chem. Analysis: 14% max. moisture CAS 10016-20-3; EINECS/ELINCS 233-007-4 Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer, and delivery system for flavor molecules Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher; SARA and CERCLA nonreportable; DSL listed Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; sol. in water (145 g/l); m.w. 973; bulk dens. 0.4-0.7 g/cc Toxicology: OSHA PEL 15 mg/m3 (inhalable dust); LD50 (oral, rat) > 10000 mg/kg Environmental: EC50 ( Daphnia magna, 48 h) > 100 mg/l; readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid dust formation and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: 12 mos. shelf life from date of delivery; store in sealed containers under dry conditions Cavamax® W7 Food [Wacker-Chemie Fine Chemicals GmbH http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp; Wacker Fine Chemicals http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: β-Cyclodextrin See Cyclodextrin 150

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 7585-39-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-493-2 Uses: Flavor protectant in food Regulatory: FDA GRAS; SARA and CERCLA nonreportable; DSL listed Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; sol. in water (1.85 g/100 ml); m.w. 1135; bulk dens. 0.4-0.7 g/cc Toxicology: OSHA PEL 15 mg/m3 (inhalable dust); LD50 (oral, rat) > 12000 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2000 mg/kg Environmental: EC50 ( carp, 96 h) 7561 mg/l; 82% biodeg. (28 days) Precaution: Avoid dust formation and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: 12 mos. shelf life from date of delivery Cavamax® W8 Food [Wacker-Chemie Fine Chemicals GmbH http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp; Wacker Fine Chemicals http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: γ-Cyclodextrin See Cyclodextrin Chem. Analysis: 11% max. moisture CAS 17465-86-0; EINECS/ELINCS 241-482-4 Uses: Flavor protectant in food Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher; SARA and CERCLA nonreportable; DSL listed Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; sol. in water (23.3 g/100 ml); m.w. 1297; bulk dens. 0.4-0.7 g/cc Toxicology: OSHA PEL 15 mg/m3 (inhalable dust); LD50 (oral, rat) > 9000 mg/kg Environmental: EC50 ( Daphna magna, 48 h) > 100 mg/l; readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid dust formation and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: 12 mos. shelf life from date of delivery; store in sealed containers under dry conditions Cavasol® W6 HP TL [Wacker-Chemie Fine Chemicals GmbH http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp; Wacker Fine Chemicals http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin CAS 128446-33-3 Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other substances, masking flavor, odor, or coloration, stabilizing against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., for use in foods Properties: Ylsh. cl. liq.; sol. > 200 g/100 ml water; sol. in methanol, ethanol; m.w. 1184; dens. 1.1-1.2 g/ml; visc. 20-80 mPa·s; 50% aq. Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in sealed containers Cavasol® W7 HP [Wacker-Chemie Fine Chemicals GmbH http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp; Wacker Fine Chemicals http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin CAS 128446-35-5 Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other substances, masking flavor, odor, or coloration, stabilizing against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., for use in foods Features: Low cost, highly sol. Regulatory: SARA and CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; sol. > 200 g/100 ml water; sol. in methanol, ethanol, pyridine, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide; m.w. 1507; bulk dens. 0.2-0.3 g/ml Toxicology: OSHA PEL 15 mg/m3 (inhalable dust); LD50 (oral, rat) > 2243 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2000 mg/kg Environmental: EC50 (Daphnia magna, 48 h) > 1084 mg/l; not easily biodeg. 6% (28 days) Precaution: Avoid dust formation and oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in sealed containers Cavasol® W7 M TL [Wacker-Chemie Fine Chemicals GmbH http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp; Wacker Fine Chemicals http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl-β-cyclodextrin CAS 128446-36-6 Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other 151

Part I: Trade Name Reference substances, masking flavor, odor, or coloration, stabilizing against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., for use in foods Properties: Ylsh. cl. liq.; odorless; sol. > 150 g/100 ml water; sol. in methanol, ethanol, pyridine, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide; m.w. 1311; dens. 1.2 g/ml; visc. 20-80 mPa·s; 50% aq. Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in sealed containers Cavasol® W8 HP Pharma [Wacker-Chemie Fine Chemicals GmbH http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp; Wacker Fine Chemicals http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_group /divisions/fine-chemicals/fine-chemicals.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin CAS 128446-34-4 Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules, increasing the sol. and bioavailability of other substances, masking flavor, odor, or coloration, stabilizing against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis, turning liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds., for use in foods Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. > 150 g/100 ml water; sol. in methanol, ethanol, pyridine, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide; m.w. 1580; bulk dens. 0.2-0.3 g/ml Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ R.T. in sealed containers C*BatterCrisp [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Starch modified by oxidation (maize, wheat) or esterification (high amylose) CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Batter starch for meat, seafood, poultry, cheese, vegetables Features: High adhesion, film-forming; good crispiness and deep-freeze stability Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified CC™-103 [IMERYS http://www.imerys.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Pigment, filler, reinforcing agent for foods Properties: Wh. coarse powd., odorless; 80% through 325 mesh; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; dens. 22.57 lb/gal; bulk dens. 72 lb/ft3 (loose); bulking value 0.044; ref. index 1.59; pH 9.5; nonflamm. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3, considered nuisance dust Precaution: Incompat. with acids CC-901 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium caseinate, spray dried Chem. Analysis: 6% moisture; 1.8% fat CAS 9005-43-0 Uses: Food additive Features: Low visc.; where low viscosity and a bland flavor are required Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine free-flowing powd.; clean/bland odor/flavor; pH 6.6-7.3; 95% (dry basis) protein Storage: Store in cool, dry place CC-901 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium caseinate CAS 9005-43-0 Uses: Texturizer for health and nutrition bars Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine free-flowing powd.; clean/bland odor/flavor; pH 6.6-7.3; 6% moisture Storage: Store in cool, dry place CC-902I [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium caseinate, spray dried, instantized Chem. Analysis: 6% moisture; 2% fat CAS 9005-43-0 Uses: Bodying agent, mouthfeel enhancer for milk-based drinks, foods (imitation cheese, bakery prods., frozen dairy dessert, health foods, nutritional drinks) Features: Readily disp. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine free-flowing powd.; clean/bland odor/flavor; pH 6.6-7.3; 90% protein Storage: Store in cool, dry place C*CleanSet [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Thinned starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Thickener for molding starch Features: Reduced visc. C*ClearCrisp [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Potato or wheat starch modified by dextrinization See Starch 152

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Batter starch for French fries Features: Clear coating; neutral taste C*ClearSet [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Thinned starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Thickener for high-clarity gums Features: Reduced visc. Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified CDC-10A [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour, diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono-diglycerides, monodiglycerides, ethoxylated monodiglycerides, soy flour, lecithin, ascorbic acid, potassium bromate, lcysteine, fungal amylase See L-Ascorbic acid; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of monoand diglycerides; Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Lecithin; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Dough conditioner for breads Features: Rec. for use in string line-produced hearth prods. where extensibility and crispy crust are important Use Level: 0.75-1.25% on flour (no-time doughs) Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored in cool, dry conditions CDC-10A (NB) [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour, diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono-diglycerides, monodiglycerides, ethoxylated monodiglycerides, soy flour, calcium salts, lecithin, ascorbic acid, l-cysteine, fungal amylase, azodicarbonamide See Amylase; L-Ascorbic acid; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Lecithin; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Dough conditioner for breads Features: Bromate-free; rec. for use in string line-produced hearth prods. where extensibility and crispy crust are important Use Level: 0.75-1.25% on flour (no-time doughs) Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored in cool, dry conditions Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CDC-50 [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono-diglycerides; mono- and diglycerides See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of monoand diglycerides; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Dough conditioner, dough strengthener, softener, volume improver, shelf life extender, texturizer for yeastraised bakery prods. Features: Improves volume, grain, keeping qualities of bread prods.; produces superior crumb texture Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Sl. off-wh. free-flowing powd., sl. acrid odor, char. flavor; m.p. 60 C; acid no. 2757; iodine no. 2.0 max.; sapon. no. 325-350; pH 2.2-2.4 (10% aq. disp.); 100% act. Use Level: 0.5% on flour (bread, buns) Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored in cool, dry conditions; keep plastic bag sealed when not in use CDC-79 [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soya flour, wheat flour, lecithin, barley malt, ascorbic acid See LAscorbic acid; Malt; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Dough conditioner, dough strengthener, volume improver for yeastraised prods. Features: Rec. where claims of natural or health food are made; provides tolerance to mechanical abuse; improves volume, grain; vital wheat gluten replacement Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Dry free-flowing Use Level: 1.5-2.25%/cwt flour (yeast-raised prods.); 1:1 replacement for vital wheat gluten Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored in cool, dry conditions CDC-2001 [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour, dextrose, diacetyl tartaric acid esters of monodiglycerides, mono-diglycerides, soy flour, lecithin, vegetable powd., ascorbic acid, potassium bromate, azodicarbonamide, carbamide, fungal amylase See L-Ascorbic acid; L-Ascorbic acid; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Glucose; 153

Part I: Trade Name Reference Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Urea; Vegetable powder; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Dough conditioner Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Cream-colored free-flowing powd., char. odor; acid no. 20-25; sapon. no. 140150; ester no. 114-120; pH 3.6-4.0 (10% disp.); 0.3 ± 2% potassium bromate Storage: 6 mos. min. shelf life stored under cool, dry conditions CDC-2500 [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour, diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono-diglycerides, monodiglycerides, dextrose, soy flour, lecithin, ascorbic acid, and fungal enzymes See LAscorbic acid; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Glucose; Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Dough conditioner, volume improver, texturizer, shelf life extender for yeastraised bakery prods. Features: Improves volume, dough tolerance and absorption, machining of doughs, grain, texture, keeping qualities; accelerates proof times Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 0.5-0.75% on flour (sponge and dough systems), 0.75-1.25% on flour (straight or no-time doughs), 0.5-1.25% on flour (doughnut, other mixes) Storage: 6 mos. min. shelf life stored under cool, dry conditions CDF™ [Cargill Flavor Systems http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/] Uses: Dairy flavor of sour cream, cream, condensed milk, milk, buttermilk, yogurt for food prods. Features: Variety of flavor profiles and intensities available Properties: Liq. C*DrySet [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Thinned starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Thickener for batters, coatings, confectionery gums Features: Reduced visc. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C-D Stabilizer [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special gum system Uses: Dough conditioner, texturizer, moisturizer, tenderizer, shelf life extender for cake doughnuts CE 90 GBT [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: predigested Casein-hydrolyzate CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Dietary supplement for sports tablet formulations and to supplement dietary protein sources in instant drink mixes and special diet foods Features: Medium degree of hydrolysis; mixture of poly and short chain peptides; low in free amino acids; improved nitrogen retention; high biological value CE 90 GMM [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: clarified Casein-hydrolyzate Chem. Analysis: 19% casein phospho peptides CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Dietary supplement and emulsifiert for infant formulas, enteral clinical formulas; source of casein phospho peptides (CPP), in health and functional foods Features: Reduced- allergenic; low in free amino acids; good solubility and clarity in solutions; low bitterness Properties: Bland taste; pH neutral CE 90 STL [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Casein-hydrolyzate CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Dietary supplement specifically designed fo therapeutic infant formulas where a max. reduction in antigenic props. is required; used in medical nutritional formulas Features: High percentage of short chain peptides; low level of free amino acids; low bitterness; retort stable emulsions can be prepared with this prod. Properties: Bland taste; pH neutral Ceamgel 1313™ [PL Thomas http://www.plthomas.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant, emulsion and heat stabilizer, 154

Part I: Trade Name Reference texturizer and weepage prevention agent for cooked meat and seafood prods. Properties: Cold-water sol. Ceamgel 3383 [PL Thomas http://www.plthomas.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Mouthfeel enhancer, gellant, texturizer, water retention aid, freeze-thaw stabilizer and yield improver for cooked and sliced meat, poultry and seafood Features: Soft, flexible gelling performance Ceamgel M-9393 [PL Thomas http://www.plthomas.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Texturizer, syneresis control agent, freeze-thaw stabilizer, and water binder for cooked meat and seafood prods. Features: Can be incorporated in a brine solution, which can be added to the meat by multi-needle injection, tumbling or by using both procedures Properties: Cold-water sol.

Properties: Neutral flavor; m.p. 89-93 F Cegemett® [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Uses: Emulsifier for meat prods., frankfurters, sausages Cegemett® MZ 490 [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Mono and diglycerides of edible fatty acids, esterified with citric acid See Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for liver sausages and fat emulsions; prevents gelation and fat separation in mfg. of boiled and cooked sausages Regulatory: FDA §172.832 Properties: Yel.-wh. powd., neutral odor and taste; m.p. 60-64 C; acid no. 40-60; iodine no. < 2; sapon. no. 220-240; 20-30% monoglyceride Use Level: 0.5-1% (liver sausage) Storage: At least 1 yr. storage life when stored in cool, dry place at temps. ≤ 30 C

Cebes® 21-25 [Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Palm kernel oil and partially hydrogenated palm kernel oil See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil Uses: Oil for chocolate and pastel compd. coatings Features: Hard, brittle Properties: Neutral flavor; m.p. 92-96 F

Cekol® 30 [Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and filmformer for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC; USP/NF, Eur.Ph. and other compliances Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; dens. 1.6 g/cc (20 C); bulk dens. 400-800 kg/m3; visc. 10 mPa·s (1%); decomp. pt. 240 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (1%); 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Use Level: JECFA ADI not specified Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,000 mg/kg; powd. may dry the skin; dust may irritate eyes; inh. of dust may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: biodeg.; BOD7 ≈ 50-100 g O2/kg Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; avoid dusting

Cebes® 21-29 [Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated palm kernel oil Uses: Oil for chocolate and pastel compd. coatings Features: Hard, brittle

Cekol 150 [Noviant CMC Oy http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and film-

Cebes® 21-20 [Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Fractionated Palm kernel oil See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil CAS 8023-79-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-425-4 Uses: Oil for chocolate and pastel compd. coatings Features: Hard, brittle Properties: Neutral flavor; m.p. 89-92 F

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Part I: Trade Name Reference former for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC; USP/NF, Eur.Ph. and other compliances Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; dens. 1.6 g/cc (20 C); bulk dens. 400-800 kg/m3; visc. 20 mPa·s (1%); decomp. pt. 240 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (1%); 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Use Level: JECFA ADI not specified Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,000 mg/kg; powd. may dry the skin; dust may irritate eyes; inh. of dust may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: biodeg.; BOD7 ≈ 50-100 g O2/kg Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; avoid dusting Cekol® 300 [Noviant CMC Oy http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and filmformer for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC; USP/NF, Eur.Ph. and other compliances Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; dens. 1.6 g/cc (20 C); bulk dens. 400-800 kg/m3; visc. 45 mPa·s (1%); decomp. pt. 240 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (1%); 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Use Level: JECFA ADI not specified Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,000 mg/kg; powd. may dry the skin; dust may irritate eyes; inh. of dust may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: biodeg.; BOD7 ≈ 50-100 g O2/kg Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; avoid dusting Cekol® 500 T [Noviant CMC Oy http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC (99.5% min.) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and filmformer for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; odorless; visc. 350-700 mPa·s; 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Cekol® 700 [Noviant CMC Oy Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and filmformer for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC; USP/NF, Eur.Ph. and other compliances Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; dens. 1.6 g/cc (20 C); bulk dens. 400-800 kg/m3; visc. 100 mPa·s (1%); decomp. pt. 240 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (1%); 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Use Level: JECFA ADI not specified Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,000 mg/kg; powd. may dry the skin; dust may irritate eyes; inh. of dust may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: biodeg.; BOD7 ≈ 50-100 g O2/kg Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; avoid dusting Cekol® 2000 [Noviant CMC Oy http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and filmformer for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC; USP/NF, Eur.Ph. and other compliances Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; dens. 1.6 g/cc (20 C); bulk dens. 400-800 kg/m3; visc. 180 mPa·s (1%); decomp. pt. 240 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (1%); 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Use Level: JECFA ADI not specified Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,000 mg/kg; powd. may dry the skin; dust may irritate eyes; inh. of dust may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: biodeg.; BOD7 ≈ 50-100 g O2/kg Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; avoid dusting Cekol® 2000S [Noviant CMC Oy http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and film156

Part I: Trade Name Reference former for foods Features: Rec. for severe conditions, formulations with very high electrolyte or peroxide concs., and when an almost instant visc. buildup is required Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC; USP/NF, Eur.Ph. and other compliances Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; dens. 1.6 g/cc (20 C); bulk dens. 400-800 kg/m3; visc. 180 mPa·s (1%); decomp. pt. 240 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (1%); 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Use Level: JECFA ADI not specified Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,000 mg/kg; powd. may dry the skin; dust may irritate eyes; inh. of dust may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: biodeg.; BOD7 ≈ 50-100 gO2/kg Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; avoid dusting Cekol® 4000 [Noviant CMC Oy http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and filmformer for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC; USP/NF, Eur.Ph. and other compliances Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; dens. 1.6 g/cc (20 C); bulk dens. 400-800 kg/m3; visc. 500 mPa·s (1%); decomp. pt. 240 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (1%); 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Use Level: JECFA ADI not specified Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,000 mg/kg; powd. may dry the skin; dust may irritate eyes; inh. of dust may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: biodeg.; BOD7 ≈ 50-100 g O2/kg Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; avoid dusting Cekol® 10000 [Noviant CMC Oy http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and filmformer for foods; binder for processing recycled tobacco Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC; USP/NF, Eur.Ph. and other compliances Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; dens. 1.6 g/cc (20 C); bulk dens. 400-800 kg/m3; visc. 800 mPa·s (1%); decomp. pt. 240 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (1%); 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Use Level: JECFA ADI not specified Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,000 mg/kg; powd. may dry the skin; dust may irritate eyes; inh. of dust may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: biodeg.; BOD7 ≈ 50-100 g O2/kg Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; avoid dusting Cekol® 10000 I [Noviant CMC Oy http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC (99.5% min.) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and filmformer for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC Properties: Visc. 400-900 mPa·s; 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Cekol® 30000 [Noviant CMC Oy http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and filmformer for foods; binder for processing recycled tobacco Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC; USP/NF, Eur.Ph. and other compliances Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; dens. 1.6 g/cc (20 C); bulk dens. 400-800 kg/m3; visc. 3500 mPa·s (1%); decomp. pt. 240 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (1%); 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Use Level: JECFA ADI not specified Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,000 mg/kg; powd. may dry the skin; dust may irritate eyes; inh. of dust may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: biodeg.; BOD7 ≈ 50-100 g O2/kg Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; avoid dusting

157

Part I: Trade Name Reference Cekol® 50000 [Noviant CMC Oy http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and filmformer for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC; USP/NF, Eur.Ph. and other compliances Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; dens. 1.6 g/cc (20 C); bulk dens. 400-800 kg/m3; visc. 6000 mPa·s (1%); decomp. pt. 240 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (1%); 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Use Level: JECFA ADI not specified Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,000 mg/kg; powd. may dry the skin; dust may irritate eyes; inh. of dust may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: biodeg.; BOD7 ≈ 50-100 g O2/kg Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; avoid dusting Cekol® 100000 [Noviant CMC Oy http://www.noviantgroup.com; Noviant Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium CMC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, protective colloid, water retention agent, and filmformer for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC Properties: Visc. > 9000 mPa·s; 99.5% act.; 10% max. moisture Celish® [Daicel USA] Chem. Descrip.: Microfibrillated cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Functional food ingred., thickener, fat replacer, thixotrope; water binder for highmoisture, low-fat foods; stabilizer for emulsions and suspensions Cellogen HP-5HS [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for foods, bakery mixes; dairy stabilizer Features: Moderate hydration; resist. to heat, enzyme, and bacterial decomp.; superb waterholding ability; inert; wide compat. with other anionic and nonionic thickeners Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Visc. 2000-3000 cps (1%) Cellogen HP-6HS [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for foods, bakery mixes; dairy stabilizer Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Visc. 3000-4000 cps (1%) Cellogen HP-6HS.9 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for foods, bakery mixes; dairy stabilizer Features: Milk, salt, and sugar sol'n. stability; resist. to heat, enzyme, and bacterial decomp.; superb water-holding ability Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Visc. 3000-4000 cps (1%) Cellogen HP-8A [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Water binder for foods Features: Resist. to heat, enzyme, and bacterial decomp.; superb water-holding ability Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Visc. 25-45 cps (2%) Cellogen HP-12HS [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for foods, bakery mixes; dairy stabilizer Features: High efficiency; resist. to heat, enzyme, and bacterial decomp.; superb waterholding ability; inert; wide compat. with other anionic and nonionic thickeners Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Visc. 6000-8000 cps (1%) Cellogen HP-SB [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 158

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Thickener for foods, bakery mixes; dairy stabilizer Features: Acid/milk sol'n. stability; minimizes turbidity; resist. to heat, enzyme, and bacterial decomp.; superb water-holding ability Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Visc. 150-250 cps (2%) Cellulase DS [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulase from Aspergillus niger CAS 9012-54-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-734-4 Uses: Enzyme for dietary supplement use Features: High acti. of CMC-ase Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; may cause sensitization or allergic reaction in sensitized individuals Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Storage: Store in coo, dry place Cellulase TR [Deerland Enzymes http://www.deerland-enzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulase derived from Trichoderma reesei See Cellulase CAS 9012-54-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-734-4 Uses: Enzyme for treatment of vegetables for decomposition of fiber and an increase in digestibility Properties: Lt. tan to wh. powd., free of offensive odor and taste; water-sol.; 6,000 u/g Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store sealed containers, under cool, dry conditions Celogen® AZ 120 [Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Azodicarbonamide CAS 123-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-650-8 Uses: Maturing agent for flour Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.806 (45 ppm), 175.300, 177.1210 (2% max.), 177.1520, 177.2600 (5% max.) Properties: Yel.-orange fine powd.; 2 µ avg. particle size; char. odor; sol. with decomp. in alkaline sol'ns.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in benzene, ethylene dichloride; sp.gr. 1.66; decomp. pt. 190-220 C; gas yield 220 cc/g STP; gas: 65% N2, 24% CO, 5% CO2, 5% NH3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6800 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; may cause eye irritation; repeated inh. exposure can cause respiratory sensitization and asthma; exposure to decomp. gases can irritate eyes, lungs, mucous membranes Environmental: > 70% biodeg.; LC50 (fathead minnow, 48 h) > 50 mg/l; EC50 (daphnia magna, 48 h) 11 mg/l; sl. toxic to nontoxic in aquatic species Precaution: May form explosive dust-air mixts.; will continue to burn once ignited; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids, bases, metallic compds. (will reduce decomp. temp.) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: nitrogen, COx, ammonia, traces of cyanic acid; combustion prods.: COx, NOx, smoke, ash Storage: Store in cool, dry area in closed containers; avoid any heat source close to 180 C Celogen® AZ 130 [Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Azodicarbonamide CAS 123-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-650-8 Uses: Maturing agent for flour Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.806 (45 ppm), 175.300, 177.1210 (2% max.), 177.1520, 177.2600 (5% max.) Properties: Yel.-orange fine powd.; 3 µ avg. particle size; char. odor; sol. with decomp. in alkaline sol'ns.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in benzene, ethylene dichloride; sp.gr. 1.66; decomp. pt. 190-220 C; gas yield 220 cc/g STP; gas: 65% N2, 24% CO, 5% CO2, 5% NH3 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6.8 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; repeated min. inh. may cause respiratory sensitization and asthma; decomp. gases may cause irritation to eyes, lungs, mucous membranes Environmental: > 70% biodeg.; LC50 (fathead minnow, 48 h) > 50 mg/l; EC50 (daphnia magna, 48 h) 11 mg/l; sl. toxic to nontoxic in aquatic species Precaution: May form explosive dust-air mixts.; will continue to burn once ignited; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids, bases, metallic compds. (will reduce decomp. temp.); evolves large vols. of gas during decomp. 159

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: nitrogen, COx, ammonia, traces of cyanic acid; combustion prods.: COx, NOx, smoke, ash Storage: Store in cool, dry area in closed containers; avoid any heat source close to 180 C Celogen® AZ 150 [Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Azodicarbonamide CAS 123-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-650-8 Uses: Maturing agent for flour Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.806 (45 ppm), 175.300, 177.1210 (2% max.), 177.1520, 177.2600 (5% max.) Properties: Yel.-orange powd.; 5 µ avg. particle size; char. odor; sol. with decomp. in alkaline sol'ns.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in benzene, ethylene dichloride; sp.gr. 1.66; decomp. pt. 190-220 C; gas yield 220 cc/g STP; gas: 65% N2, 24% CO, 5% CO2, 5% NH3 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6.8 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; repeated min. inh. may cause respiratory sensitization and asthma; decomp. gases may cause irritation to eyes, lungs, mucous membranes Environmental: > 70% biodeg.; LC50 (fathead minnow, 48 h) > 50 mg/l; EC50 (daphnia magna, 48 h) 11 mg/l; sl. toxic to nontoxic in aquatic species Precaution: May form explosive dust-air mixts.; will continue to burn once ignited; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids, bases, metallic compds. (will reduce decomp. temp.); evolves large vols. of gas during decomp. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: nitrogen, COx, ammonia, traces of cyanic acid; combustion prods.: COx, NOx, smoke, ash Storage: Store in cool, dry area in closed containers; avoid any heat source close to 180 C Celogen® AZ 180 [Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Azodicarbonamide CAS 123-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-650-8 Uses: Maturing agent for flour Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.806 (45 ppm), 175.300, 177.1210 (2% max.), 177.1520, 177.2600 (5% max.) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Yel.-orange powd.; 8 µ avg. particle size; char. odor; sol. with decomp. in alkaline sol'ns.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in benzene, ethylene dichloride; sp.gr. 1.66; decomp. pt. 190-220 C; gas yield 220 cc/g STP; gas: 65% N2, 24% CO, 5% CO2, 5% NH3 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6.8 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; repeated min. inh. may cause respiratory sensitization and asthma; decomp. gases may cause irritation to eyes, lungs, mucous membranes Environmental: > 70% biodeg.; LC50 (fathead minnow, 48 h) > 50 mg/l; EC50 (daphnia magna, 48 h) 11 mg/l; sl. toxic to nontoxic in aquatic species Precaution: May form explosive dust-air mixts.; will continue to burn once ignited; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids, bases, metallic compds. (will reduce decomp. temp.); evolves large vols. of gas during decomp. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: nitrogen, COx, ammonia, traces of cyanic acid; combustion prods.: COx, NOx, smoke, ash Storage: Store in cool, dry area in closed containers; avoid any heat source close to 180 C Celogen® AZ 199 [Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Azodicarbonamide CAS 123-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-650-8 Uses: Maturing agent for flour Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.806 (45 ppm), 175.300, 177.1210 (2% max.), 177.1520, 177.2600 (5% max.) Properties: Yel.-orange powd.; 10 µ avg. particle size; char. odor; sol. with decomp. in alkaline sol'ns.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in benzene, ethylene dichloride; sp.gr. 1.66; decomp. pt. 190-220 C; gas yield 220 cc/g STP; gas: 65% N2, 24% CO, 5% CO2, 5% NH3 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6.8 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2 g/kg; sl. eye irritant; repeated min. inh. may cause respiratory sensitization and asthma; decomp. gases may cause irritation to eyes, lungs, mucous membranes Environmental: > 70% biodeg.; LC50 (fathead minnow, 48 h) > 50 mg/l; EC50 (daphnia magna, 48 h) 11 mg/l; sl. toxic to nontoxic 160

Part I: Trade Name Reference in aquatic species Precaution: May form explosive dust-air mixts.; will continue to burn once ignited; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids, bases, metallic compds. (will reduce decomp. temp.); evolves large vols. of gas during decomp. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: nitrogen, COx, ammonia, traces of cyanic acid; combustion prods.: COx, NOx, smoke, ash Storage: Store in cool, dry area in closed containers; avoid any heat source close to 180 C C*EmCap [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: starch from waxy maize See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, encapsulant for flavor emulsions, whitening agents, flavor encapsulation, beverages Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*EmTex [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: starch from waxy maize See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, encapsulant for salad dressings, cakes, coffee whiteners, creamers; gum Arabic replacement in flavor applics. Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified Centrocap® 162US [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin, highly filtered CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier, w/o emulsifier for foods Features: Designed for encapsulation where clarity and brilliance are required Properties: Amber fluid; oil-sol.; visc. 3500 cP; acid no. 28; 0.3% moisture Centrocap® 273SS [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin, highly filtered CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier, w/o emulsifier for foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Designed for encapsulation where clarity and brilliance are required Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Lt. amber low-visc. fluid; oil-sol.; visc. 1500 cP; acid no. 27; 0.3% moisture Storage: Store in closed container @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Centrocap® B [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special soybean lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier, emulsifier for foods Features: Highly filtered; fluidized with refined vegetable oil to enable high speed encapsulation; low VOCs; rec. for encapsulation where clarity and brilliance are required Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400; Kosher; GRAS Properties: Lt. amber liq.; bland to bean-like odor; visc. 3500 max. cps; HLB 4; acid no. 3036; 0.8% max. moisture; 56-60% acetone insolubles Environmental: biodeg. Hazardous Ingredients: None Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in orig. unopened container @ 16-32 C; separation may occur @ < 16 C Centrol® 1P-UB [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Standard food grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier, emulsifier for foods, esp. infant formulas and dairy replacement systems Features: Low VOCs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400; Kosher; GRAS Properties: Amber liq.; bland to bean-like odor; acid no. 18-24; 1.5% max. moisture; 68-72% acetone insolubles Toxicology: Possible mild irritant to eyes Environmental: biodeg. Hazardous Ingredients: None Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in orig. unopened container @ 16-32 C; separation may occur @ < 16 C Centrol® 3F SB [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Standard grade lecithin, single bleached CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 161

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier, w/o emulsifier, dispersant for foods, incl. chocolate, margarine, shortenings Features: More highly filtered than 2F type Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Lt. amber med. visc. fluid; oil-sol.; visc. 12,000 cP max.; acid no. 32 max.; amphoteric; 0.8% max. moisture Storage: Store in closed container @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life Centrol® 3F UB [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Standard grade lecithin, unbleached CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier, w/o emulsifier for foods incl. chocolate, margarine, shortenings Features: More highly filtered than 2F type Properties: Amber fluid; oil-sol.; visc. 6000 cP; acid no. 27; amphoteric; 0.3% moisture Centrol® 3F-SB [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Standard food grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier, emulsifier for foods, esp. infant formulas and dairy replacement systems Features: Low VOCs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400; Kosher; GRAS Properties: Lt. amber liq.; bland to bean-like odor; visc. 12,000 max. cps; acid no. 25-29; 0.8% max. moisture; 62-64% acetone insolubles Toxicology: Possible mild irritant to eyes Environmental: biodeg. Hazardous Ingredients: None Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in orig. unopened container @ 16-32 C; separation may occur @ < 16 C Centrol® 3F-UB [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier, emulsifier for foods, esp. infant formulas and dairy replacement systems Features: Highly filtered; better clarity; low VOCs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400; Kosher; GRAS Properties: Amber liq.; bland to bean-like odor; visc. 12,000 max. cps; HLB 4; acid no. 25-29; 0.8% max. moisture; 62-64% acetone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

insolubles Toxicology: Possible mild irritant to eyes Environmental: biodeg. Hazardous Ingredients: None Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in orig. unopened container @ 16-32 C; separation may occur @ < 16 C Centrol® 3F-UB Premium [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier, emulsifier for foods Features: Highly filtered; low VOCs; commonly used in where clarity is important Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400; Kosher; GRAS Properties: Amber clear, brilliant liq.; bland to bean-like odor; visc. 10,000 max. cps; HLB 4; acid no. 25-29; 0.8% max. moisture; 62-64% acetone insolubles Toxicology: Possible mild irritant to eyes Environmental: biodeg. Hazardous Ingredients: None Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in orig. unopened container @ 16-32 C; separation may occur @ < 16 C Centrolex® R [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier, visc. modifier, wetting agent for foods; fat control agent in ground meat prods.; improves dough machinability in baked goods; when solubilized, instantizes dry powds. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Lt. tan or yel. gran., very bland odor and flavor; oil-sol, water-disp.; bulk dens. 0.38 g/cc; HLB 7; acid no. 36 max.; 1% max. moisture Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in dry, closed, original containers below 25 C Centrophase® HR2B [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier, release agent, wetting agent for foods, esp. cheese sauces, nondairy creamers, shortening Features: Patented; heat-resist.; will not develop burned odor, color, or taste on heating 162

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400; kosher approved Properties: Lt. amber fluid; oil-sol., water-disp.; sp.gr. 1.02; visc. 5000 cP; acid no. 22; pour pt. 10 F; amphoteric; 0.6% moisture Storage: Store in closed container @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Centrophase® HR4B [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier, release agent, wetting agent for foods, esp. in deep fat fryer or continuous cooking systems Features: Heat-resist.; suitable for extended high heat cooking; will not develop burned odor, color, or taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400; kosher approved Properties: Amber heavy-bodied sl. hazy fluid; oil-sol., water-disp.; sp.gr. 1.02; visc. 3300 cP; acid no. 24; pour pt. 10 F; amphoteric; 0.6% moisture Storage: Store in closed containers @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Centura A Gelatin [Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Type A porkskin gelatin, 100 bloom See Gelatin CAS 9000-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-554-6 Uses: Protein supplement in foods; clarifier for juice and wine fining Features: Low visc. Cerabeil White DAB [Baerlocher France; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: White beeswax EP See Beeswax, white CAS 8006-40-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Coating agent for gelled confections; anti-adhesive agent in baked goods Regulatory: FDA, EP compliance Properties: Wh. pellets; sol. in chloroform, xylene; sl. sol. in ethyl alcohol; insol. in water; drop pt. 61-65 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 87-104 Environmental: > 90% biodeg. Ceraphyl® ICA [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isocetyl alcohol CAS 36311-34-9; EINECS/ELINCS 252-964-9 Uses: Carrier, extender for flavors Features: Nongreasy Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Colorless cl. liq., low odor; sol. @ 5% in peanut and min. oils, 95% ethanol, IPM, oleyl alcohol, castor oil, cyclomethicone; insol. in water; m.w. 242; sp.gr. 0.830-0.840; HLB 12-14; acid no. 5 max.; iodine no. 10 max.; sapon. no. 10 max.; hyd. no. 195-230 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; mild eye and skin irritant; noncomedogenic Cerelose® Anhydrous Dextrose [Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose See Glucose CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Free water control agent in food systems; food grade, recrystallized prod.; very high purity; yields low moisture C*Eridex [Cargill Sweetness Solutions http://www.cargillsweetness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Erythritol CAS 149-32-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-737-3 Uses: Nutritive bulk sweetener, mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer, shelf life enhancer, processing aid, cooling agent in zero- or low-calorie beverages, chewing gum, fondant; table-top sweetener Features: Noncaloric; nonhygroscopic; masks unwanted flavors; synergistic with intense sweeteners Properties: Crystalline powd.; pleasant cool taste Certified® Confectioners Glaze [Mantrose Bradshaw Zinsser http://www.mbzgroup.com] Uses: Glazing agent for confectionery CFI-10 [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono and diglycerides, whey, soya flour, ethoxylated mono and diglycerides See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Dough conditioner, starch complexing agent, softener, texturizer, shelf life extender for bakery prods. (bread, buns, rolls, sweet goods, doughnuts, tortillas) Features: Provides improved crumb texture and resiliency Properties: Sl. off-wh. to cream free-flowing powd., sl. dairy odor; pH 5.9±0.1 (10% aq. disp.); 41% alpha-monodiglycerides, 13.2% protein, 1% max. moisture Use Level: 4-6 oz/cwt of flour Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored under cool, dry conditions 163

Part I: Trade Name Reference CFM® 190 [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: nonfat whey protein isolate Chem. Analysis: 90% protein; 4.5% moisture; < 1.0% fat CAS 84082-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7 Uses: Nutritional supplement, emulsifier, and foaming agent in fortified beverages, nutrition bars, dietetic prods., sauces, dressings, egg white substitutes, meat prods. Features: Sol. over a wide pH range; highly purified, undenatured form Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: Bland taste; pH 6.0 (10% sol'n.) Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Cheddar Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in snack foods, spreads, dips, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Oily liq.; cheddar cheese taste; sol. in oil, PG, triacetin; insol. in water Use Level: 0.01% Chemal OA-9 [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Oleth-9 CAS 9004-98-2 Uses: Emulsifier for waxes used in coating citrus fruit Properties: Liq.; HLB 11.9; cloud pt. 52 C (1% aq.); nonionic; 100% conc. Chemstat® G-118/52 [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monostearate See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Dough strengthener, emulsifier, flavoring agent, adjuvant, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, solvent, vehicle, stabilizer, thickener, surfactant, surf.finishing agent, texturizer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §174.5, 184.1324, 184.1505, GRAS; SARA §311/312 Immediate Health Hazard; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Japan MITI; Australia AICS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. flakes; mild odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.90; flash pt. (COC) > 93 C; volatiles < 1%; 52% min. act. Toxicology: Causes eye, skin, mucous membrane irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and face shield; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon, smoke, fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed; avoid high temps. Chemstat® G-118/95 [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monostearate See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Food additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §174.5, 184.1324 Properties: Beads; 90% min. act. Chemstat® HTSA #18 [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Oleamide CAS 301-02-0; EINECS/ELINCS 206-103-9 Uses: Release agent migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §181.28 Properties: Beads Chemstat® HTSA #18S [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Stearamide CAS 124-26-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-693-2 Uses: Release agent migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §181.28 Properties: Beads C*HiForm [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Starch from waxy miaze or tapioca CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Gellant for sauces, microwavable foods, quiche fillings Features: Cold water swelling; smooth texture, high visc., and clean flavor on rehydration; super dispersibility; optimal processing flexibility Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*HiForm 12715 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA 164

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy maize starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Viscosifier, stabilizer, dispersant for instant pie fillings, quiche fillings, cakes mixes, cheese sauces, cheese preps., fruit preps., instant puddings and desserts, hot instant sauce binders, dressings, microwave foods Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*HiForm 12716 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy maize starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Viscosifier, stabilizer, dispersant for instant creams fillings, instant pie fillings, quiche fillings, cakes mixes, marmelade, instant puddings and desserts, hot instant sauces and gravies, hot instant soups, hot instant and energy drinks, dressings Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*HiForm 12742 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy maize starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Viscosifier, stabilizer, dispersant for bakery mixes, fresh cheese, cheese sauces, dry food mixes, instant puddings and desserts, vending soups, vinaigrettes, microwave food Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*HiForm 12747 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy maize starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Viscosifier, stabilizer, dispersant for instant pie fillings, quiche fillings, indirect extruded snacks, hot instant sauce binders, dressings Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*HiForm 12748 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy maize starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Viscosifier, stabilizer, dispersant for instant creams fillings, instant pie fillings, quiche fillings, fresh cheese, cheese sauces, cheese preps., marmalades, jams, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dry food mixes, hot instant sauces/gravies/soups/drinks, dressings Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*HiForm 12791 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy maize starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Viscosifier, stabilizer, dispersant for cake mixes, sheeted baked snacks, marmalades, jams, hot instant and energy drinks, microwave foods, baby drinks, baby meals Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*HiForm 72345 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: tapioca See Tapioca starch Uses: Viscosifier, stabilizer, dispersant for instant creams fillings, bakery mixes, fresh cheese, marmalades, jams, dry food mixes, instant pudding and desserts, hot instant energy drinks, sauce binders, vending soups, vinaigrettes, microwave foods Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified Chocotop™ 100 [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Range of fractionated soya lecithins See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, visc. reducer for confections, esp. for chocolate mfg. Features: Controls yield value Properties: Liq.; amphoteric; 100% conc. Chocotop™ 320 [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soybean lecithin, fractionated See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, visc. reducer for chocolate prods. Properties: Fluid Cinnamon Oil 950 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Eugenol (1-10%) and Cinnamic aldehyde (> 50%) See Cinnamal CAS 97-53-0; 104-55-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202589-1; 203-213-9 Uses: Flavor for food and beverages Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan IEC; Philippines PICCS; China SEPA/CICS 165

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Yel. liq.; cinnamon odor and taste; sp.gr. 1.05; vapor dens. ≈ 4.6; b.p. 239 C; flash pt. (TCC) 100 C Toxicology: May cause irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep container tightly closed C*IsoMaltidex [Cargill Sweetness Solutions http://www.cargillsweetness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isomalt CAS 64519-82-0 Uses: Protects against moisture pickup in hard candy Properties: Powd. C*IsoMaltidex LQ [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Isomalt and maltitol syrup Uses: Sweetener for hard candy Features: Improved workability; increased visc. Properties: Liq. Citation™ 55 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; USDA H-1 and/or 3H certified Properties: Odorless; tasteless; sp.gr. 0.8270.850; visc. 150-605 SUS (100 F) Toxicology: Nontoxic Citation™ 55S [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; sp.gr. 0.8270.838; visc. 150-605 SUS (100 F) Toxicology: Nontoxic Citation™ 70 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Divider oil and pan oil for bakery doughs; food grade protective coatings Regulatory: NF, FCC, FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; kosher, USDA H-1 and/or 3H certified; SARA §302, 311/312, 313 nonreportable ; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Colorless oily liq.; odorless; tasteless; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.835-0.854; visc. 165755 SUS (100 F); vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; pour pt. 20 F; flash pt. 280 F Toxicology: ACGIH TLV -TWA 5 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (oil mist); nontoxic Precaution: Avoid excessive heat and open flames, chlorine, fluorine, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers and in cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers and combustible material Citation™ 90 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Divider oil and pan oil for bakery doughs; food grade protective coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; USDA H-1 and/or 3H certified Properties: Colorless oily liq.; odorless; tasteless; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.839-0.859; visc. 185905 SUS (100 F); vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; pour pt. 20 F; flash pt. 280 F Toxicology: ACGIH TLV -TWA 5 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (oil mist); nontoxic Precaution: Avoid excessive heat and open flames, chlorine, fluorine, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers and in cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers and combustible material Citation™ 100 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant for foods 166

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: USP/NF, FCC, kosher, FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; SARA §302, 311/312, 313 nonreportable ; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Colorless oily liq.; odorless; tasteless; sp.gr. 0.839-0.859; visc. 195 SUS (100 F); vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; pour pt. 20 F max.; flash pt. ≥ 280 F Toxicology: Nontoxic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in sealed containers and in cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers and combustible material Citation™ 130 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; sp.gr. 0.8480.867; visc. 125-135 SUS (100 F) Toxicology: Nontoxic Citation™ 150 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; sp.gr. 0.8500.870; visc. 145-155 SUS (100 F) Toxicology: Nontoxic Citation™ 180 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Dough divider, confectionery release agent Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher, FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; SARA §302, 311/312, 313 nonreportable ; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Colorless; odorless; tasteless; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.859-0.875; visc. 180-190 SUS (100 F); vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; pour pt. 20 F; flash pt. (COC) 350 F Toxicology: ACGIH TLV -TWA 5 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (oil mist); Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nontoxic; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid excessive heat and open flames, chlorine, fluorine, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers and in cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers and combustible material Citation™ 210 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant for foods Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher, FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; USDA H-1 and/or 3H certified Properties: Odorless; tasteless; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.8470.868; visc. 200-215 SUS (100 F); vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; pour pt. 20 F; flash pt. (COC) 350 F Toxicology: ACGIH TLV -TWA 5 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (oil mist); nontoxic Precaution: Avoid excessive heat and open flames, chlorine, fluorine, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers and in cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers and combustible material Citation™ 280 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; sp.gr. 0.8480.870; visc. 270-290 SUS (100 F) Toxicology: Nontoxic Citation™ 350 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant for foods Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher, FDA 21CFR 167

Part I: Trade Name Reference §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; USDA H-1 and/or 3H certified Properties: Odorless; tasteless; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.8500.873; visc. 345-365 SUS (100 F); vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; pour pt. 20 F; flash pt. (COC) 350 F Toxicology: ACGIH TLV -TWA 5 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (oil mist); nontoxic Precaution: Avoid excessive heat and open flames, chlorine, fluorine, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers and in cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers and combustible material Citation™ 550 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant for foods Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher, FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.8600.880; visc. 475-595 SUS (100 F); vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; pour pt. 20 F; flash pt. (COC) 350 F Toxicology: ACGIH TLV -TWA 5 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 5 mg/m3 (oil mist); nontoxic Precaution: Avoid excessive heat and open flames, chlorine, fluorine, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers and in cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers and combustible material Cithrol GDO N/E [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl dioleate CAS 25637-84-7; EINECS/ELINCS 247-144-2 Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant in foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 2.0; nonionic; 100% conc.

Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant in foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 2.9; anionic; 100% conc. Cithrol GDS N/E [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl distearate CAS 1323-83-7; EINECS/ELINCS 215-359-0 Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant in foods Properties: Solid; HLB 3.4; nonionic; 100% conc. Cithrol GDS S/E [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl distearate SE Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant in foods Properties: Solid; HLB 4.2; anionic; 100% conc. Cithrol GML S/E [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl laurate SE CAS 27215-38-9 Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant in foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 5.6; anionic; 100% conc. Cithrol GMO N/E [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant Properties: Amber liq./semisolid; HLB 3.3; nonionic; 100% conc. Cithrol GMS 0400 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monostearate NF See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-664-4 Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier, lubricant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1324, GRAS; FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide listed Properties: Off-wh. pastille; disp. in min. oil; insol. in water, IPA, propylene glycol; m.p. 55 C; nonionic

Cithrol GDO S/E [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl dioleate SE

Cithrol GMS A/S [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: glyceryl stearate and PEG-100 stearate See Glyceryl stearate SE Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant in foods Properties: Wh. waxy solid; HLB 10.9; m.p. 52 C; sapon. no. 96; nonionic; 100% conc.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Cithrol GMS N/E [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant in foods Properties: Off-wh. solid; HLB 3.4; nonionic; 100% conc. Cithrol GMS S/E [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate SE CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant in foods Properties: Solid; HLB 4.4; anionic; 100% conc. Cithrol PGML S/E [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol laurate SE Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant in foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 3.6; anionic; 100% conc. Cithrol PGMO S/E [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol oleate SE Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant in foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 3.9; anionic; 100% conc. Citral FG [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethylSee Citral CAS 5392-40-5; EINECS/ELINCS 226-394-6 Uses: Flavor, fragrance Properties: Cl., colorless to pale yellowish liq.; citrus, lemon, agrumic, peely odor; fresh, fruity, citrus-like, candy-like taste; substantivity 24 hrs. Citral Extra [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethylSee Citral CAS 5392-40-5; EINECS/ELINCS 226-394-6 Uses: Fresh, lemon-like, green, sl. lime-like fragrance and flavoring Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR 182.60; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 2-515) Properties: Cl., colorless to pale yellowish liq.; fresh, citrusy-green, lemon peel odor; freshfruity, lemon-like taste; sparingly sol. in water; sol. in in most org. solvs.; m.w. 152.23; sp.gr. 0.878-0.890; b.p. 225 C; flash pt. (CC) 98 C; ref. index 1.4860-1.4900; substantivity 24 hrs. Toxicology: TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store in original containers @ R.T.; test for quality after 24 mos. Citraxine [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Phosphate-free curing compd. on citrate basis Uses: Curing agent for traditional-style cooked hams Features: Improved natural flavor Citreatt Lemon 3123 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deterpenated lemon oil See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil CAS 8008-56-8; EINECS/ELINCS 284-515-8 Uses: Flavoring agent for foods Properties: Oil; sol. in 90% ethanol; dens. 0.9010.909; flash pt. > 80 C; ref. index 1.482-1.486 Citreatt Lemon 6122 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Partially deterpenated lemon oil See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil CAS 8008-56-8; EINECS/ELINCS 284-515-8 Uses: Flavoring agent for foods Properties: Oil; sol. 1 in 5-10 in 90% ethanol; dens. 0.855-0.865; flash pt. > 51 C; ref. index 1.475-1.478 Citreatt Lime 3135 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deterpenated lime oil See Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil CAS 8008-26-2; EINECS/ELINCS 290-010-3 Uses: Flavoring agent for foods Properties: Oil; sol. in 90% ethanol; dens. 0.9110.921; flash pt. > 68 C; ref. index 1.478-1.481 Citreatt Lime 6134 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Partially deterpenated lime oil See Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil CAS 8008-26-2; EINECS/ELINCS 290-010-3 Uses: Flavoring agent for foods Properties: Oil; sol. in 90% ethanol; dens. 0.8830.890; flash pt. > 54 C; ref. index 1.475-1.478 Citreatt Orange 3111 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deterpenated orange oil See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil 169

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 8008-57-9 Uses: Flavoring agent for foods Properties: Oil; sol. 1 to 2-10 in 90% ethanol; dens. 0.873-0.883; flash pt. > 71 C; ref. index 1.460-1.466 Citreatt Orange 6110 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Partially deterpenated orange oil See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil CAS 8008-57-9 Uses: Flavoring agent for foods Properties: Oil; sol. 1 to 8-10 in 90% ethanol; dens. 0.841-0.848; flash pt. > 49 C; ref. index 1.470-1.473 Citric Acid FCC Fine Granular [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid anhydrous CAS 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 Uses: Taste enhancer, solubilizer, texturizer in food and beverages Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; acetic taste; sl. deliquescent in moist air; sol. in water (1g/0.5 ml) Citric Acid FCC Granular [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid anhydrous CAS 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 Uses: Taste enhancer, solubilizer, texturizer in food and beverages Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; acetic taste; sl. deliquescent in moist air; sol. in water (1g/0.5 ml) Citric Acid FCC Powder [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid anhydrous CAS 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 Uses: Taste enhancer, solubilizer, texturizer in food and beverages Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; acetic taste; sl. deliquescent in moist air; sol. in water (1g/0.5 ml) Citric Acid, USP FCC Anhydrous Granular [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid USP, FCC, EP CAS 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 Uses: Acidulant, flavor enhancer, sequestrant, dispersant in processed foods and beverages Regulatory: GRAS, USP, FCC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store in dry place; avoid excessive exposure to heat and humidity Citric Acid Anhyd.FG [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid CAS 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 Uses: Acidulant, flavor enhancer, sequestrant, dispersant in processed foods and beverages; used as sequestrant of metal ions to give protection from the development of off-flavors and off-odors in certain foodstuffs Features: Imparts a clean, refreshing tartness Properties: Translucent crystals or wh. cryst. powd.; strong acidic taste; odorless; very sol. in water; freely sol. in alcohol Storage: Store in tight containers; avoid exposure to heat and humidity Citric Acid Anhyd.GR [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid CAS 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 Uses: Acidulant, flavor enhancer, sequestrant, dispersant in processed foods and beverages Features: Imparts a clean, refreshing tartness Properties: Translucent crystals or wh. cryst. powd.; strong acidic taste; odorless; very sol. in water; freely sol. in alcohol Storage: Store in tight containers; avoid exposure to heat and humidity Citri-Fi® 100 [Fiberstar http://www.fiberstar.net] Chem. Descrip.: Citrus fiber Chem. Analysis: 6.78% moisture; 1.02% fat; 33.3% sol. fiber; 37.6% insol. fiber Uses: Fat replacement, moisture control agent, oil and water binder, and thickener for breads, buns, and rolls, pastry, pies, cakes, and cookies, pizza crust, tortillas, and chips, Italian sausages, nutritional bars Features: All natural Regulatory: FDA GRAS and non-GMO Properties: Lt. yel to beige, free-flowing powd.; > 95% thru < 30 mesh Toxicology: Essentially nonallergenic Storage: 3 yr. shelf life from date of manufacture; store in a clean, cool, dry place Citri-Fi® 100 FG [Fiberstar http://www.fiberstar.net] Chem. Descrip.: Citrus fiber Chem. Analysis: 6.78% moisture; 1.02% fat; 33.3% sol. fiber; 37.6% insol. fiber 170

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Moisturizer in cinnamon rolls, Danish pastry, and bagels; moisture retention aid in fruit fillings; stabilizer in cheese cake; strengthening agent in cereals and crackers; syneresis control in smoothies; fat reduction agent in sauces, gravy, mayonnaise Features: All natural Regulatory: FDA GRAS and non-GMO Properties: Lt. yel to beige, free-flowing fine grans..; > 95% thru < 100 mesh Toxicology: Presents essentially nonallergenic Storage: 3 yr. shelf life from date of manufacture; store in a clean, cool, dry place Citri-Fi® 100 M40 [Fiberstar http://www.fiberstar.net] Chem. Descrip.: Citrus fiber Chem. Analysis: 6.78% moisture; 1.02% fat; 33.3% sol. fiber; 37.6% insol. fiber Uses: Syneresis control agent beef patties, emulsifier and flavor retention aid in marinades Features: All natural Regulatory: FDA GRAS and non-GMO Properties: Lt. yel to beige, free-flowing powd.; > 90% thru < 200 mesh Toxicology: Presents essentially nonallergenic Storage: 3 yr. shelf life from date of manufacture; store in a clean, cool, dry place Citri-Fi® 200 [Fiberstar http://www.fiberstar.net] Chem. Descrip.: Citrus fiber Chem. Analysis: 7.06% moisture; 1.14% fat; 37.6% sol. fiber; 38% insol. fiber Uses: Fat replacement, moisture control agent, oil and water binder, and thickener for pastries, cakes, pies, burrito fillings, sauce/salad fillings, fried chicken and corn dogs, Italian meatballs and sausages Features: All natural Regulatory: FDA GRAS and non-GMO Properties: Lt. yel to beige, free-flowing powd.; > 95% thru < 30 mesh Toxicology: Presents essentially nonallergenic Storage: 3 yr. shelf life from date of manufacture; store in a clean, cool, dry place Citri-Fi® 300 FG [Fiberstar http://www.fiberstar.net] Chem. Descrip.: Citrus fiber Chem. Analysis: 8.29% moisture; 1.38% fat; 75.8% sol. fiber; 40.6% insol. fiber Uses: Moisturizer in biscuits, cake donuts; emulsifier and flavor retention aid in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

marinades Features: All natural Regulatory: FDA GRAS and non-GMO Properties: Lt. yel to beige, free-flowing fine grans..; > 95% thru < 30 mesh Toxicology: Presents essentially nonallergenic Storage: 3 yr. shelf life from date of manufacture; store in a clean, cool, dry place Citrocoat® [Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/] Chem. Descrip.: encapsulated citric acid CAS 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 Uses: Foam inhibitor in gelling agents and preserving sugar; acidulant in instant drinks; extended/sustained acidulant in sour fruit gums and chewing gums; acidulant in milk products; flour improver Features: Protects against moisture, microorganisms, oxygen, temp., chemical reactions Regulatory: EP compliance Properties: Gran. Citrofol® AI [Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Triethyl citrate FCC, USP/NF, EP CAS 77-93-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-070-7 Uses: Food additive; flavoring agent, solvent, vehicle in foods; carrier for flavors; whipping aid in dried egg white Features: Stable to light; sweet, plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1911 GRAS; USP approved; E 1505; DOT nonregulated; CERCLA nonhazardous; SARA nonhazardous Properties: Colorless/translucent sl. oily liq., free of suspended matter; sl. odor; sol. 6.5 g/100 ml in water; m.w. 276.3; sp.gr. 1.137; visc. 35.2 mPa·s; vapor pressure 1.33 hPa (107 C); b.p. 294 C; sapon. no. 609.20; pour pt. -45.5 C; flash pt. 150 C; ref. index 1.440; 99% min. assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 3200 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 6 h) 1300 mg/kg; may cause eye and skin irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong bases and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may lead to release of irritating gases and vapors 171

Part I: Trade Name Reference HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Unlimited storage when stored @ R.T. in tightly closed original container in cool, dry place Citrofol® BII [Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Acetyltributyl citrate USP/NF See Acetyl tributyl citrate CAS 77-90-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-067-0 Uses: Flavor, plasticizer for foods Features: High b.p. Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; CERCLA nonhazardous; SARA nonhazardous Properties: Colorless/translucent sl. oily liq., free of suspended matter; sl. odor; insol. in water; m.w. 402.5; sp.gr. 1.045; visc. 33 mPa·s; vapor pressure 1.33 hPa (173 C); b.p. 327 C; sapon. no. 550-558; pour pt. -59 C; flash pt. 204 C; ref. index 1.445; 99% min. assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 26,300 mg/kg; may cause eye and skin irritation with susceptible persons; TSCA listed Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong bases and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can lead to release of irritating gases and vapors HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Unlimited storage when stored @ R.T. in tightly closed original container in cool, dry place Citronellal 80 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-al See Citronellal CAS 106-23-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-376-6 UN 1993 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; raw material for mfg. of flavor grade citronellal; chem. intermediate for synthesis of other flavor chems. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; DOT regulated Properties: Cl. liq.; m.w. 154.25; sp.gr. 0.8500.863; dens. 7.14 lb/gal; b.p. 202.2 C; flash pt. (TCC) 78.9 C; ref. index 1.446-1.456 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2500 mg/kg; no skin sensitization or irritation; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Combustible Citronellol 96 FCC [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citronellol See β-Citronellol CAS 106-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-375-0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; DOT: Chemicals n.o.i. Properties: APHA 20 max. liq.; clean rose floral note; sol. 1 in 2 in 70% alcohol v/v; sp.gr. 0.850-0.860; b.p. 434 F; flash pt. (TCC) 214 F; ref. index 1.454-1.462 (20 C); 96% min. act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3450 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2650 mg/kg; undiluted liq. may cause skin/eye irritation Citronellol AJ FCC [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citronellol See β-Citronellol CAS 106-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-375-0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; DOT: Chemicals n.o.i. Properties: APHA 20 max. liq.; clean rose floral note; sol. 1 in 2 in 70% alcohol v/v; sp.gr. 0.850-0.860; b.p. 426 F; flash pt. (TCC) 214 F; ref. index 1.454-1.462 (20 C); 94-96% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3450 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2650 mg/kg; undiluted liq. may cause skin/eye irritation Citrostabil® S [Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Buffered, highly conc. citric acid aq. sol'n. CAS 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 Uses: Acidulant, pH control agent for mfg. of candy, hard caramels and jelly articles (preventing sugar inversion), and for fish prods. Features: Provides clear, fresh, fruity taste; high buffering capacity; suppresses hydrolytic decomp. of colloids; minimal water content Regulatory: EU compliance as food addit. Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. cl. liq., nearly odorless; completely misc. with water; dens. ≈ 1.30 g/ml; visc. 50-80 mPa·s; b.p. 105 C; pH 2.0-2.2 (10%); ≈ 75% act.; 25-27% water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 11,700 mg/kg; may cause eye or skin irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Storage: Store @ R.T. in original container; 172

Part I: Trade Name Reference avoid freezing Citrus Booster, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in citrus, fruit beverages Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. liq.; citrus taste; sol. in water, oil, alcohol Use Level: 1 ppm as consumed Claigeon® [Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl dihydrojasmonate CAS 24851-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 253-379-1 Uses: Citrus flavor for flavoring compounds Features: Tenacious floral, jasmin-like odor Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; tenacious floral, jasmin-like odor; m.w. 226.3; dens. 0.999-1.007; flash pt. 160 C; ref. index 1.4561.462; acid value ≤ 1 Toxicology: TSCA listed Clarase® Conc. [Genencor Int'l. http://www.genencor.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fungal α-amylase from controlled fermentation of Aspergillus oryzae var.; FCC See Amylase CAS 9000-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7 Uses: Food-grade enzyme for dextrinizing (liquefying) and saccharifying (glucose and maltose liberating) starch; used for baking, brewing, cereal, chocolate syrup, jelly, juice, syrups, and starch modification Properties: Wh. to lt. tan amorphous dry powd., free of offensive odor; readily water-sol. Storage: Activity loss < 10% in 1 yr. stored in sealed containers under cool, dry conditions; 5 C storage extends life Clarit® 100 [Süd-Chemie AG http://www.sudchemie.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium bentonite Chem. Analysis: 0.04% Na; 0.62% Ca; 0.14% Mg; 0.12% Fe; 6.0 ppm lead; 1.2 ppm arsenic Uses: Additive/aux., clarifier improving life span, digestibility and appearance of foods, beverages; binder, stabilizer for protein and other impurities in wines, beers, fruit juices, vinegar Features: Good swelling props.; can easily be suspended and stirred right into the beverage Properties: Beige gran.; earthy, clean odor; particle size 0.23-5 mm Clarit® 125 [Süd-Chemie AG http://www.sudHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

chemie.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium bentonite/sodium bentonite Chem. Analysis: 15% max. mositure; 0.46% Na; 0.52% Ca; 0.15% Mg; 0.11% Fe; 5.0 ppm lead; 1.0 ppm arsenic Uses: Additive/aux., adsorbent, clarifier improving life span, digestibility and appearance of foods, beverages; binder, stabilizer for protein and other impurities in wines, beers, fruit juices, vinegar Properties: Beige gran.; earthy, clean odor; particle size 0.23-5 mm Clarit® 1100 [Süd-Chemie AG http://www.sudchemie.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium bentonite/sodium bentonite Chem. Analysis: 15% max. mositure; 0.26% Na; 0.74% Ca; 0.23% Mg; 0.04% Fe; 4.5 ppm lead; 1.1 ppm arsenic Uses: Additive/aux., adsorbent, clarifier improving life span, digestibility and appearance of foods, beverages; binder, stabilizer for protein and other impurities in wines, beers, fruit juices, vinegar Features: Low iron content; easily suspended and stirred into beverage Regulatory: E-Nr. 558 compliant Properties: Lt. beige gran.; earthy, clean odor; particle size 0.23-5 mm Clarity [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fractionated partially hydrogenated soybean oil CAS 8016-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-410-2 Uses: Specialty oil for salad dressing and light duty cooking; diluent, lubricant, moisturizer for clinical nutrition, nutritional/sports supplements Properties: Lovibond 1.5R liq.; m.p. < 70 F; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 120 max. Clay BC 347 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Colloidal kaolin USP Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (44-48%); Al2O3 (39-41%); CaO (0.30%); Fe2O3 (0.70%) CAS 1332-58-7; EINECS/ELINCS 296-473-8 Uses: Anticaking agent for solids and clarifier for liqs. during food processing Regulatory: DOT nonhazardous; SARA §311/312 reportable, §304/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to buff powd.; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.60; dens. 45-52 lb/ft3 (tapped), 173

Part I: Trade Name Reference 18-24 lb/ft3 (loose); dry brightness 86-90; nonflamm.; pH 7-8; 1% max. moisture Toxicology: ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 total dust, 5 mg/m3 respirable dust; long-term overexposure to high concs. of dust may produce x-ray evidence of dust in lungs and may affect respiratory function; TSCA listed Environmental: no harmful effects known other than those associated with suspended inert solids in water Precaution: Slippery when wet Hazardous Ingredients: Inhalable silica not expected to be present in dust at levels exceeding 1%; cryst. silica Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area at ambient temps. Clay BC 638 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Kaolin USP Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (44-46%); Al2O3 (38-40%); CaO (0.01-0.04%); MgO (0.20-0.30%); Fe2O3 (0.20-0.40%); TiO2 (1.20-1.60%) CAS 1332-58-7; EINECS/ELINCS 296-473-8 Uses: Anticaking agent for solids and clarifier for liqs. during food processing Regulatory: DOT nonhazardous; SARA §311/312 reportable, §304/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to buff fine powd.; 4 µ median particle size; 99.7% through 325 mesh, 100% through 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.60; dens. 53-58 lb/ft3 (tapped), 21-25 lb/ft3 (loose); oil absorp. 24-30; dry brightness 84-88; nonflamm.; pH 4.3-5.3; 2-4% moisture Toxicology: ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 total dust, 5 mg/m3 respirable dust; long-term overexposure to high concs. of dust may produce x-ray evidence of dust in lungs and may affect respiratory function; TSCA listed Environmental: no harmful effects known other than those associated with suspended inert solids in water Precaution: Slippery when wet Hazardous Ingredients: Inhalable silica not expected to be present in dust at levels exceeding 1%; cryst. silica Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area at ambient temps. CleanSet 03730 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: native corn starch blended Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

with food grade mineral oil (0.7%) See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 10% moisture; 0.1% ash CAS 9005-25-8; 8012-95-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6; 232-384-2 Uses: Moisture absorbent for cast confections; functional component in mogul mfg. systems for gum and jelly candies, marshmallow, and fondant creams Features: Receives and holds clear, detailed impressions through depositing, drying, cooling, and setting; added oil reduces dust for improved plant sanitation Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878 Properties: Wh. odoless fine powd.; bulk dens. (packed) 46 lbs/ft3; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting can be flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity CleanSet 03736 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: native corn starch blended with food grade mineral oil (0.8%) See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 10% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; 8012-95-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6; 232-384-2 Uses: Moisture absorbent for cast confections; functional component in mogul mfg. systems for gum and jelly candies, marshmallow, and fondant creams Features: Receives and holds clear, detailed impressions through depositing, drying, cooling, and setting; added oil reduces dust for improved plant sanitation Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878 Properties: Wh. odoless fine powd.; pH (1:5) 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting can be flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity CleanSet 03737 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: native corn starch blended with food grade mineral oil (0.2%) See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 10.5% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; 8012-95-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6; 232-384-2 174

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Moisture absorbent for cast confections; functional component in mogul mfg. systems for gum and jelly candies, marshmallow, and fondant creams Features: Receives and holds clear, detailed impressions through depositing, drying, cooling, and setting; added oil reduces dust for improved plant sanitation Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878 Properties: Wh. odoless fine powd.; pH (1:5) 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting can be flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity CleanSet 03738 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: native corn starch blended with food grade mineral oil (0.3%) See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 10.5% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; 8012-95-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6; 232-384-2 Uses: Moisture absorbent for cast confections; functional component in mogul mfg. systems for gum and jelly candies, marshmallow, and fondant creams Features: Receives and holds clear, detailed impressions through depositing, drying, cooling, and setting; added oil reduces dust for improved plant sanitation Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878 Properties: Wh. odoless fine powd.; pH (1:5) 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting can be flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Clearate B-60 [W.A. Cleary Prods. http://www.waclearyproducts.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soya lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: W/o emulsifier for food Properties: Liq.; nonionic; 65% conc. Clearate Special Extra [W.A. Cleary Prods. http://www.waclearyproducts.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Dispersant in foods Properties: Liq.; nonionic

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Clearate WDF [W.A. Cleary Prods. http://www.waclearyproducts.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soya lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier for foods, icings, cakes, instant cocoa Properties: Liq.; HLB 8.0; nonionic; 60% conc. Clearbrew® 43% IX High Maltose Liquid Adjunct [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (43%), maltotriose (20%), dextrose (12%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 80.4-81.6% total extract; 18.419.6% mositure CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Adjunct for brewing Features: Demineralized; low levels of sodium and sulfur dioxide; color-stable Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4198 (100/60 F); dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 54,000 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4923-1.4956 (45 C); 73-77% total fermentables Storage: Shelf life ≥ 6 mos.; store @ 110-130 F Clearbrew® 53/44 Liquid Adjunct [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (31%), maltotriose (20%), dextrose (24%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 84.5% total extract; 40 ppm max. SO2; 327 cal/100/g CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Adjunct for the brewing industry Features: High conc. of fermentable sugars Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4396 (80 F); dens. 12.00 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 140,000 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4970-1.5003 (45 C); pH (1:10) 4.5-5.3; 75% total fermentables Storage: Shelf life ≥ 6 mos.; store @ 110-130 F Clearbrew® 60/43 Liquid Adjunct [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (36%), maltotriose (10%), dextrose (31%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 81.3-82.5% total extract; 40 175

Part I: Trade Name Reference ppm max. SO2; 326 cal/100/g CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Adjunct for brewing full-bodied beers Features: High conc. of fermentable sugars Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4264 (80 F); dens. 11.89 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100,000 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4918-1.4950 (45 C); pH (1:10) 4.5-5.3; 7579% total fermentables Storage: Shelf life ≥ 6 mos.; store @ 110-130 F Clearbrew® 60/44 IX Liquid Adjunct [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (36%), maltotriose (10%), dextrose (31%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 83.4-84.6% total extract; 3 ppm max. SO2; 335 cal/100/g CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Adjunct for brewing full-bodied beers Features: Demineralized; color-stable adjunct; low levels of salt and SO2 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4398 (80 F); dens. 12.00 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 140,000 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4974-1.5007 (45 C); pH (1:10) 4.0-6.0; 7579% total fermentables Storage: Shelf life ≥ 6 mos.; store @ 110-130 F Clearbrew® 60/44 Liquid Adjunct [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (36%), maltotriose (10%), dextrose (31%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 83.3-84.5% total extract; 40 ppm max. SO2; 334 cal/100/g CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Adjunct for brewing full-bodied beers Features: High conc. of fermentable sugars Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4401 (80 F); dens. 12.01 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 100,000 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4972-1.5005 (45 C); pH (1:10) 4.5-5.3; 7579% total fermentables Storage: Shelf life ≥ 6 mos.; store @ 110-130 F Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Clearbrew® 63/43 Liquid Adjunct [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (31%), maltotriose (13%), dextrose (36%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 81.4-82.6% total extract; 40 ppm max. SO2; 327 cal/100/g CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Adjunct for the brewing industry Features: High conc. of fermentable sugars Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4263 (80 F); dens. 11.89 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 25,000 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4916-1.4948 (45 C); pH (1:10) 4.5-5.3; 7579% total fermentables Storage: Shelf life ≥ 6 mos.; store @ 110-130 F Clearbrew® 63/44 Liquid Adjunct [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose (31%), maltotriose (13%), dextrose (36%) and higher saccharides See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 83.4-84.6% total extract; 40 ppm max. SO2; 335 cal/100/g CAS 69-79-4; 1109-28-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5; 214-174-2; 200075-1 Uses: Adjunct for the brewing industry Features: High conc. of fermentable sugars Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4399 (80 F); dens. 12.01 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 110,000 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4969-1.5002 (45 C); pH (1:10) 4.5-5.3; 7882% total fermentables Storage: Shelf life ≥ 6 mos.; store @ 110-130 F Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 77.3-78.5% total solids; 21.522.7% moisture; 23-27 DE CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for infant food; adds body, mouthfeel, and crystallization control in dairy, ice cream, coffee creamers, and meats Features: Low protein and mineral content; low dextrose content Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland 176

Part I: Trade Name Reference taste; sp.gr. 1.4131 (80 F); dens. 11.77 lb/gal (80 F); ref. index 1.4885-1.4918; pH 4-6 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Cleardex® 25/42 IX [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 77.5-78.7% total solids; 21.322.5% moisture; 23-27 DE; 312 cal/100 g CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener; adds body, mouthfeel, and crystallization control in dairy, ice cream, and meats; also for spray drying, coating, and bulking applics. Features: Demineralized; low dextrose content Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4125 (80 F); dens. 11.78 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 160,000 cP; ref. index 1.48761.4909; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Cleardex® 28/42 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 77.4-78.6% total solids; 21.422.6% moisture; 26-30 DE; 311 cal/100 g CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener; adds body, mouthfeel, and crystallization control in dairy, ice cream, and meats; also for spray drying, coating, and bulking applics. Features: Demineralized; low dextrose content Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4127 (80 F); dens. 11.78 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 160,000 cP; ref. index 1.48761.4909; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Cleardex® 36/43 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 79.8-81.0% total solids; 19.020.2% moisture; 34-38 DE; 320 cal/100 g CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener; adds body and crystallization control in ice cream, frozen novelties, and chips Features: Low dextrose content; heat shock stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4265 (80 F); dens. 11.89 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 132,000 cP; ref. index 1.49251.4958; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearjel® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, visc. builder, texturizer for canned foods (cream style corn, pork and beans, soups, sauces, gravies), bakery prods. (fruit pie fillings), specialty items; thickener, clarifier, and gloss aid in retorted foods; shelf life extender for canned foods Features: Offers smooth, short, stable texture and resist. to boil during baking; does not set to gel on cooling; resist. to high temp., acid; not rec. for frozen food applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Clearjel® S [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, visc. builder, texturizer, gloss aid for canned foods (cream style corn, soups, sauces, gravies, canned dinner prods.), specialty items Features: Provides smooth, short texture in high pH systems; little or no tendency to gel; remains smooth after extended storage Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; 177

Part I: Trade Name Reference insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Clearsweet® 25/42 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Total solids 77.4-78.6%; moisture 21.4-22.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.05%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener; adds body, mouthfeel, and crystallization control in dairy, ice cream, and meats; for spray drying, coating, and bulking applics. Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4127 (80/60 F); dens. 11.78 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 160,000 cP (80 F), 5000 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4876-1.4909; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1); DE 23-27 Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 25/42 IX [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Total solids 77.5-78.7%; moisture 21.3-22.5%; sulfated ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 3 ppm max..; 312 cal/g; DE 23-27 CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener; adds body, mouthfeel, and crystallization control in dairy, ice cream, and meats; for spray drying, coating, and bulking applics. Features: Low dextrose content Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4125 (80 F); dens. 11.78 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 160,000 cP (80 F), 5000 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4880-1.4912; pH 4.0-6.0 (1:1) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 28/42 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Total solids 77.4-78.6%; moisture 21.4-22.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.05%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener; adds body, mouthfeel, and crystallization control in dairy, ice cream, and meats; for spray drying, coating, and bulking applics. Features: Low dextrose content Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4127 (80/60 F); dens. 11.78 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 160,000 cP (80 F), 5000 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4876-1.4909; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1); DE 26-30 Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 36/43 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Total solids 79.8-81.0%; moisture 19.0-20.2%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.05%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods; bodying power and crystallization control for ice cream, frozen novelties, and chips Features: Heat shock stability; low dextrose content Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4265 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 132,000 cP (80 F), 3100 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4926-1.4959; DE 41-45; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 43% High Maltose [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Total solids 80.3-81.5%; moisture 18.5-19.7%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener; improves flavor, body, and texture at high sucrose replacement levels while imparting resistance to color 178

Part I: Trade Name Reference formation, moisture absorption, and crystallization in finished products such as hard candies Features: Contains maltose as its major carbohydrate constituent Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR 184.1865 Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4262 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 54,000 cP (80 F), 1600 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4921-1.4954; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 43/43 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, acid-converted Chem. Analysis: Moisture 18.7-18.8%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.05%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods (confections, jams, jellies, fountain and table syrups); provides body in sauces, and condiments, and provides protectionfrom crystallization in products such as ice cream and confections Features: Carbon-refined Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4197 (100/60 F); dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 81,000 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4936; DE 43; pH 4.5 (1:1); 80.7% total solids Storage: Store @ 110 -130 F; retest after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 43/43 IX [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined Chem. Analysis: Total solids 80.2-81.4%; moisture 18.6-19.8%; sulfated ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 3 ppm max.; sodium 200 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods (confections, jams, jellies, fountain and table syrups) Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4262 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 81,000 cP (80 F), 2500 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4923-1.4956; DE 41-45; pH 4-6 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2 [Cargill Foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined Chem. Analysis: Total solids 80.1-81.3%; moisture 18.7-19.9%; protein 0.05%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; sulfur dioxide 10 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods (confections, jams, jellies, fountain and table syrups); provides body in sauces, and condiments, and provides protection from crystallization in products such as ice cream and confections Features: Mod. sweetness level; carbon-refined; minimal sulfur dioxide content Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4264 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 81,000 cP (80 F), 2500 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4920-1.4953; DE 41-45; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 43/44 IX [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined Chem. Analysis: Total solids 82.2-83.4%; moisture 16.6-17.8%; sulfated ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 3 ppm max.; sodium 200 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods (confections, jams, jellies, fountain and table syrups); provides body in sauces, and condiments, and provides protection from crystallization in products such as ice cream and confections Features: Demineralized to contain low levels of salt and SO2 Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4339 (80/60 F); dens. 12.00 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 220,000 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4978-1.5011; pH 4-6 (1:1); DE 41-45 Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 43/44.5 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined Chem. Analysis: Total solids 83.1-84.3%; moisture 15.7-16.9%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 179

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Sweetener for chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4470 (80/60 F); dens. 12.06 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 700,000 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.5003-1.5037; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1); DE 4145 Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 43/45 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Total solids 84.1-85.3%; moisture 14.7-15.9%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for chewing gum Features: Carbon-refined Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4540 (80/60 F); dens. 12.12 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 1,200,000 cP (80 F), 12,000 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.5032-1.5065; pH 4.55.3 (1:1); DE 41-45 Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 43/45 IX [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Total solids 84.2-85.4%; moisture 14.6-15.8%; sulfated ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 3 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for chewing gum Features: Carbon-refined; contains low levels of salt and SO2 Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4537 (80/60 F); dens. 12.12 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 1,200,000 cP (80 F), 12,000 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.5034-1.5068; pH 4-6 (1:1); DE 41-45 Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 50% High Maltose [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Total solids 80.4-81.6%; moisture 18.4-19.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener that improves flavor, body, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

and texture while imparting resistance to color formation, moisture absorption, and crystallization for hard candies Features: High maltose syrup Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4262 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 33,000 cP (80 F), 1200 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4920-1.4952; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 53/44 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Total solids 82.7-83.9%; moisture 16.1-17.3%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max.; DE 51-55 CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods requiring a lower level of higher saccharides and a lower moisture level, such as preserves and jams and jellies Features: Carbon-refined; high solids Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4396 (80/60 F); dens. 12.00 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 140,000 cP (80 F), 3,200 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4970-1.5003; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 53/44 Low SO2 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, Chem. Analysis: Total solids 82.7-83.9%; moisture 16.1-17.3%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.07%; sulfur dioxide 10 ppm max.; DE 51-55 CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods requiring a lower level of higher saccharides and a lower moisture level, such as preserves and jams and jellies Features: Carbon-refined with high solids and the added feature of a minimal sulfur dioxide content; increased conc. of dextrose and maltose and reduced level of higher saccharides Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4396 (80/60 F); dens. 12.00 180

Part I: Trade Name Reference lb/gal (80 F); visc. 140,000 cP (80 F), 3,200 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4970-1.5003; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 63/43 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup, carbon-refined Chem. Analysis: Total solids 81.4-82.6%; moisture 17.4-18.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.07; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods (baking, flavoring, beverages) Features: High conc. of fermentable sugars; lower visc. Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4263 (80/60 F); dens. 11.89 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 25,000 cps (80 F), 1000 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4916-1.4948; DE 61-65; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 63/44 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Total solids 83.4-84.6%; moisture 15.4-16.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.07; sulfur dioxide 40 ppm max. ; DE 61-65 CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods (baking, flavoring, beverages) Features: Higher levels of mono- and disaccharides; high sweetness and fermentability Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4399 (80/60 F); dens. 12.01 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 110,000 cps (80 F), 2500 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4969-1.5002;pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 63/44 Low SO2 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Total solids 83.4-84.6%; moisture 15.4-16.6%; sulfated ash 0.4% max.; protein 0.07; sulfur dioxide 10 ppm max.; DE 61-65 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods (baking, flavoring, beverages) Features: Carbon-refined; minimal sulfur dioxide content; high conc. of fermentable sugars Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4399 (80/60 F); dens. 12.01 lb/gal (80 F); visc. 110,000 cps (80 F), 2500 cP (140 F); ref. index 1.4969-1.5002; pH 4.5-5.3 (1:1) Storage: Store @ 110-130 F; evaluate for fitness after 6 mos. Clearsweet® 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 71% total solids; moisture 28.529.5%; sulfated ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 2 ppm max.; DE 97 CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods (baking, brewing, fermentation, pickles, wine) Features: Low ash; high dextrose content Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.3348 (100/60 F); dens. 11.13 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 57 cps (120 F); ref. index 1.4644; pH 4.2 (1:1) Clearsweet® 99 Refined Liquid Dextrose [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose (99%) See Glucose Chem. Analysis: Moisture 28.5-29.5%; sulfated ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 2 ppm max. CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener, carbohydrate source in fermentation for foods, brewing Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Cl. liq. @ 140 F, solid @ R.T.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.3341 (100/60 F); dens. 11.12 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 41 cps (130 F); ref. index 1.4640; pH 4.5 (10%); 71% total solids; 99.5% fermentables Storage: Store @ 125-135 F Clearsweet® Unrefined 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 71% total solids; 28.5-29.5% moisture; DE 95-99 CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Fermentation feedstock for food Features: High dextrose content 181

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865 GRAS Properties: Sp.gr. 1.2821 (20 C); dens. 10.67 lb/gal (20 C); ref. index 1.4395; pH 3.4-5.4 (1:1) CLSP 499 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Palm kernel oil, lecithin See Lecithin; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil CAS 8023-79-8; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-425-4; 232-307-2 Uses: Lauric coating fat for pastel and chocolate flavored confectionery coatings; cocoa butter alternative in confectionery or compound coatings, solid bars, blocks, filled bars, shell moldings, hollow figures, pralines and high quality caramels and toffees Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or oily liq.; insol. in water; m.p. 31-33.8 C Toxicology: Dermatitis could result from prolonged residence of oil on skin of allergy sensitive individuals Precaution: Avoid excessive heating and inh. of veg. mists Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight @ 65-80 F CLSP 555 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated palm kernel oil, lecithin See Hydrogenated palm kernel oil; Lecithin CAS 68990-82-9; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 273-627-2; 232-307-2 Uses: Lauric center fat or confectionery coating fat; peanut butter fillings; cocoa butter alternative for confectionery or compound coatings, solid bars, blocks, filled bars, shell moldings, hollow figures, whipping powders, coffee whiteners and caramels and toffees Features: Used where a high degree of diluent fat is present Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or oily liq.; insol. in water Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight @ 65-80 F C*Maltidex CH 16385 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol syrup CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0 Uses: Sweetener for hard and soft candies, gums, pastilles, foams, jam, jellies, ice Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cream, baked goods, sugar-free prods., diabetic prods. Features: Functional replacement for sugar and glucose syrup in sugar-free and diabetic prods. Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Crystalline wh. powd.; 55% act. C*Maltidex L 16303 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol syrup CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0 Uses: Sweetener for hard and soft candies, gums, pastilles, foams, jam, jellies, ice cream, baked goods, sugar-free prods., diabetic prods. Features: Functional replacement for sugar and glucose syrup in sugar-free and diabetic prods. Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Cl. colorless syrup; 55% act. C*Maltidex M 16311 [Cargill Sweetness Solutions http://www.cargillsweetness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol syrup CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0 Uses: Sweetener for hard and soft candies, gums, pastilles, foams, jam, jellies, ice cream, baked goods, sugar-free prods., diabetic prods. Features: Functional replacement for sugar and glucose syrup in sugar-free and diabetic prods. Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Cl. colorless syrup; 75% act. CMC Daicel [Daicel USA] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, binder, stabilizer, protective colloid, suspending agent for foods CMP-221 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein isolate Chem. Analysis: 6% moisture CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Additive for low-fat prods., nutritional supplements in powd. or extruded form Features: Exc. sol.; low fat content; low lactose content; natural ingred., consumer-friendly labeling; better-balanced amino acid profile than casein or vegetable proteins Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Lt. cream color; clean, milk-like flavor; disp. in water; pH 6.7-7.2; 90% protein Storage: Store in cool, dry place 182

Part I: Trade Name Reference CMP-GP [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein isolate CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, whitener for medical/diet formulations, health drinks Features: Low in sodium; low pH tolerant; high protein content; low lactose level; natural ingred., consumer-friendly labeling Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Creamy wh. fine powd.; clean, milklike flavor; pH 6.7; 6% moisture Storage: Store in cool, dry place CMP-I® [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, whitener for medical/diet formulations, health drinks Features: Fat sparing props.; low in sodium; low pH tolerant; natural ingred., consumer-friendly labeling Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Lt. cream-colored fine powd.; clean, milk-like flavor; sol. in water; pH 6.8-7.3; 5.5% moisture Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonsensitizing; nonirritant Storage: Store in cool, dry place CNP BRSDE42CL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified brown rice syrup Chem. Analysis: Ash 0.7% Uses: Sweetener in food Features: Low flavor impact Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 125 poise @ 100 F; pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent 45%; glucose 21 g/100 g; maltose 19 g/100 g Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food grade warehouse CNP BRSHG40 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High glucose brown rice syrup Uses: Lightly filtered to make opaque syrup with buttery flavor notes; preferred sweetener for soy-based prods., granola, cereals, sauces, catsup Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100 poise (100 F); DE 70; pH 6.0-6.6 (10%) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CNP BRSHM [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High maltose brown rice syrup Uses: Lightly filtered to make opaque syrup with buttery flavor notes; sweetener for hard candies, cough drops, home brew beers, flavor carrier, extruded bars/confections Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 125 poise (100 F); DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (10%) CNP BRSHMCL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified high maltose brown rice syrup Uses: Sweetener, flavor carrier for hard candies, home brew beers, extruded bars/confections Features: Patented syrup with further filtration to produce a clear syrup with low flavor profile Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 125 poise (100 F); DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%) CNP BRSMC10 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Med. conversion brown rice syrup Uses: Lightly filtered to make opaque syrup with buttery flavor notes; sweetener, humectant for soy-based prods.; beverage sweetener, licorice, soft confections, caramel corn, granola, cereals, baked goods, cookies, table syrups, desserts Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 125 poise (100 F); DE 50; pH 6.0-6.6 (10%) CNP BRSMC20 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Med. conversion brown rice syrup Uses: Lightly filtered to make opaque syrup with buttery flavor notes; sweetener, humectant for soy-based prods.; beverage sweetener, licorice, soft confections, caramel corn, granola, cereals, baked goods, cookies, table syrups, desserts Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100 poise (100 F); DE 55; pH 6.0-6.6 (10%) CNP BRSMC35 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Med. conversion brown rice syrup 183

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Lightly filtered to make opaque syrup with buttery flavor notes; sweetener, humectant for soy-based prods.; beverage sweetener, licorice, soft confections, caramel corn, granola, cereals, baked goods, cookies, table syrups, desserts Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100 poise (100 F); DE 60; pH 6.0-6.6 (10%) CNP BRSMC35CL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified med. conversion brown rice syrup Uses: Sweetener, humectant for soy-based prods.; sweetener for beverages, licorice, soft confections, caramel corn, granola, cereals, baked goods, cookies, table syrups Features: Patented syrup with further filtration to produce a clear syrup with low flavor profile Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100 poise (100 F); DE 57; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%) CNP BRSSHG40 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High glucose brown rice syrup solids Uses: Sweetener, humectant for instant soups, baking, soy-based prods. Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Lt. beige drum-dried powd., -30 mesh, caramel flavor; DE 70; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%)

produce a clear syrup with low flavor profile Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Lt. beige drum-dried powd., -30 mesh, caramel flavor or off-wh. spray-dried powd., -100 mesh, bland taste; DE 42; pH 6.06.6 (5%) CNP Fat Replacer [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: rice syrup See Brown rice syrup Chem. Analysis: 14% moisture; 0.5% ash Uses: Fat substitute in food prods. Features: Can replace up to 100% of the fat in reduced fat or fat-free products Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to straw solid; waxy sweet taste; dens. 10 lb/gal; pH 6.0-6.6 Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food grade warehouse CNP OPPRSRDCL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified partially polished org. brown rice syrup Chem. Analysis: 0.7% ash Uses: Sweetener in food Properties: Gold to amber; sweet taste; dens. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 150 poise @ 100 F; pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution) Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food grade warehouse

CNP BRSSHM [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High maltose brown rice syrup solids Uses: Sweetener, flavor carrier for hard candies, home brew beers, extruded bars/confections Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Off-wh. spray-dried powd., -100 mesh, bland taste or lt. beige drum-dried powd., -30 mesh, caramel flavor; DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%)

CNP ORSHG40 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High-glucose, organic brown rice syrup Chem. Analysis: Glucose 3 g/100 g; maltose 29 g/100 g Uses: Sweetener in food Features: Lightly filtered; mild buttery flavor note Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 100 poise @ 100 F; pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); 70% dextrose equivalent Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food grade warehouse

CNP BRSSHMCL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified high maltose brown rice syrup solids Uses: Sweetener, flavor carrier for hard candies, home brew beers, extruded bars/confections Features: Patented syrup with further filtration to

CNP ORSHM [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: org. brown rice syrup Uses: Sweetener in food Features: Lightly filtered; mild buttery flavor note Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 150 poise @ 100 F; pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent

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Part I: Trade Name Reference 42%; glucose 3 g/100 g; maltose 29 g/100 g Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food grade warehouse CNP ORSHMCL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified org. brown rice syrup Chem. Analysis: Ash 0.7% Uses: Sweetener in food Properties: Gold to amber; sweet taste; dens. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 125 poise @ 100 F; pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent 42%; glucose 4 g/100 g; maltose 31 g/100 g Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food grade warehouse CNP ORSMC10 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: org. brown rice syrup Uses: Sweetener in food Features: Lightly filtered; mild buttery flavor note Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 125 poise @ 100 F; pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent 50%; glucose 13 g/100 g; maltose 33 g/100 g Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food grade warehouse CNP ORSMC20 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: org. brown rice syrup Uses: Sweetener in food Features: Lightly filtered; mild buttery flavor note Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 100 poise @ 100 F; pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent 55%; glucose 20 g/100 g; maltose 19 g/100 g Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food grade warehouse CNP ORSMC35 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: org. brown rice syrup Uses: Sweetener in food Features: Lightly filtered; mild buttery flavor note Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 100 poise @ 100 F; pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent 60%; glucose 33 g/100 g; maltose 23 g/100 g Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food grade warehouse CNP ORSMC35CL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified org. brown rice syrup Chem. Analysis: Ash 0.7% Uses: Sweetener in food Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Gold to amber; sweet taste; dens. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 125 poise @ 100 F; pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent 60%; glucose 29 g/100 g; maltose 25 g/100 g Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food grade warehouse CNP ORSMC40 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: org. brown rice syrup Uses: Sweetener in food Features: Lightly filtered; mild buttery flavor note Properties: Straw to amber; sweet taste; dens. 11.8 lbs/gal @ 100 F; visc. 100 poise @ 100 F; pH 6.0-6.6 (5% dilution); dextrose equivalent 70%; glucose 40 g/100 g; maltose 16 g/100 g Storage: Store unopened @ 60-90 F in food grade warehouse CNP PPRSRDCL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified low conversion partially polished brown rice syrup Uses: Sweetener for foods Features: Patented syrup with further filtration to produce a clear syrup with low flavor profile; preferred in high usage and nonfat prod. formulation Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 150 poise (100 F); DE 26; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%) CNP RPC70XFG [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Rice protein conc. Chem. Analysis: < 5% moisture; 1.8% ash Uses: Nutrient, protein source for wide range of dry mixes, prepared foods, animal feed, hypoallergenic protein prods. Features: Patented prod. providing both conc. rice protein and dietary fiber with low residual sugars Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Finely ground powd., > 90% -140 mesh; pH 6.0-6.6 (5% disp.); > 69% protein CNP RSSHG40 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High glucose rice syrup solids Uses: Sweetener, humectant for instant soups, baking, soy-based prods. Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Lt. beige drum-dried powd., -30 mesh, caramel flavor; sol. in water; DE 70; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%) CNP RSSHM [Calif. Natural Prods. 185

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High maltose rice syrup solids Uses: Drum-dried: sweetener, humectant for instant soups, baking, soy-based prods.; spray-dried: carrier, sol. complex carbohydrate, bulking agent, flavor carrier for dry beverage mixes for sports/oral rehydration, home brew kits Features: Low osmolality Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Off-wh. spray-dried powd., -100 mesh, bland taste or lt. beige drum-dried powd., -30 mesh, caramel flavor; sol. in water; DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%)

profile; used for applics. with high syrup usage or lightly flavored prods. such as vanillaflavored desserts Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal; visc. 125 poise (100 F); DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%) CNP WRSMC30 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Med. conversion rice syrup Uses: Patented traditional syrup from wh. rice, lightly filtered to produce a translucent syrup Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100 poise (100 F); DE 57; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%); dextrose equivalent 57%; glucose 25 g/100 g; maltose 27 g/100 g

CNP RSSRD [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Low conversion rice syrup solids Uses: Carrier, sol. complex carbohydrate, bulking agent, flavor carrier for dry beverage mixes for sports/oral rehydration, home brew kits Features: Low osmolality Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Off-wh. spray-dried powd., -100 mesh, bland taste; sol. in water; DE 26; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%)

CNP WRSMC30CL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified med. conversion rice syrup Uses: Patented clear syrup with low flavor profile; used for applics. with high syrup usage or lightly flavored prods. such as vanillaflavored desserts Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal; visc. 100 poise (100 F); DE 57; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%)

CNP WRSHG40 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High glucose rice syrup Uses: Patented traditional syrup from wh. rice, lightly filtered to produce a translucent syrup Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 100 poise (100 F); DE 70; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%); dextrose equivalent 70%; glucose 42 g/100 g; maltose 19 g/100 g

CNP WRSRD [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Low conversion rice syrup Uses: Patented traditional syrup from wh. rice, lightly filtered to produce a translucent syrup Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 150 poise (100 F); DE 26; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%); dextrose equivalent 26%; glucose 6 g/100 g; maltose 13 g/100 g

CNP WRSHM [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High maltose rice syrup Uses: Patented traditional syrup from wh. rice, lightly filtered to produce a translucent syrup Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 125 poise (100 F); DE 42; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%); dextrose equivalent 42%; glucose 3 g/100 g; maltose 31 g/100 g

CNP WRSRDCL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified low conversion rice syrup Uses: Patented clear syrup with low flavor profile; used for applics. with high syrup usage or lightly flavored prods. such as vanillaflavored desserts Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Dens. 11.8 lb/gal; visc. 150 poise (100 F); DE 26%; pH 6.0-6.6 (5%); dextrose equivalent 26%; glucose 6 g/100 g; maltose 13 g/100 g

CNP WRSHMCL [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Clarified high maltose rice syrup Uses: Patented clear syrup with low flavor Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Co-adjuzyme® [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Conc. fungal saccharifying enzyme system Uses: Brewing enzyme for prod. of fermentable sugars Properties: Liq. Coated Ascorbic Acid, Type EC [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ascorbic acid USP, FCC See L-Ascorbic acid; Ethylcellulose CAS 50-81-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-066-2 Uses: Source of vitamin C and antioxidant in foods where ethylcellulose is permitted as a food additive Regulatory: USP, FCC, Ph. Eur. Properties: Wh. or sl. yel. cryst. powd., pract. odorless, pleasantly tart taste; 100% through 20 mesh, 20% max. through 50 mesh; sol. 1 g/3 ml water, 30 ml alcohol; m.w. 176.13; bulk dens. 0.8-1.0 (tapped); m.p. 190 C; pH 1.9-2.4 (10% aq.); 97.5% min. assay Precaution: Sensitive to heat Storage: Store in tight, light-resist. containers, optimally @ ≤ 72 F; avoid exposure to moisture and excessive heat Cocal Reaction Flavor, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in chocolate, confectionaries, baked goods, coffee Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Dk. brown, visc. liq.; strong, rich chocolate taste; sol. in water, PG, alcohol Cocoa Powder Black Alkalized [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: 10-12% fat Uses: Flavor booster for bakery prods; coloring ingred.; blending component Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Blk.; pH 7.5-8.7 Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative humidity in well-ventilated area free from strong odors and well ventilated Cocoa Powder Dark Brown Alkalized [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: 10-12% fat Uses: Flavoring agent for cereal and bakery prods., coatings, coloring ingred. Properties: Dk. brn.; pH 7.5-8.5 Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

humidity in well-ventilated area Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: 15-22% fat Uses: Flavoring agent for hot chocolate drinks, breakfast cocoas, instant drink mixes, pastes, syrups, pudding and ice cream powders, ice creams, dairy products like puddings, chocolate milk and custards Properties: Med. brn.; pH 6.5-7.5 Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative humidity in well-ventilated area Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: 15-22% fat Uses: Flavoring for dairy products like mousses and puddings, dairy mixes, ice creams, syrups, toppings, frostings, fudges, pastes, chocolate confectionery, bakery products and mixes Properties: Med. to dk. brn.; pH 6.5-7.5 Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative humidity in well-ventilated area away from strong odors Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: 15-22% fat Uses: Flavoring agent for dairy products like mousses and puddings, dairy mixes, ice creams, syrups, toppings, frostings, fudges, pastes, chocolate confectionery, bakery products and mixes Properties: Med. to dk. brn.; pH 6.5-7.5 Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative humidity in well-ventilated area away from strong odors Cocoa Powder Natural [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: 10-12% fat Uses: Flavoring agent for compound coatings, bakery products, spreads, syrups, frostings, toppings, creams, chocolate confectionery Properties: Lt. brn.; pH 5.1-6.0 Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative humidity in well-ventilated area Cocoa Powder Natural - High Fat [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: 22-24% fat 187

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Flavoring agent for compound coatings, bakery products, spreads, syrups, frostings, toppings, creams, chocolate confectionery Properties: Lt. brn.; pH 5.1-6.0 Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative humidity in well-ventilated area Cocoa Powder Natural - Medium Fat [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: 15-22% fat Uses: Flavoring agent for compound coatings, bakery products, spreads, syrups, frostings, toppings, creams, chocolate confectionery Properties: Lt. brn.; pH 5.1-6.0 Storage: Store @ 55-65 F and < 50% relative humidity in well-ventilated area Coconad MT [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic triglyceride Uses: Emulsifier for foods; coffee whitener, flavor diluent Properties: Pale, yel., cl. liq.; solid. pt. -20 max; nonionic; 100% conc. Coconad RK [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; coffee whitener, release agent for processing, flavor diluent Properties: Pale, yel., cl. liq.; solid. pt. -20 max; nonionic; 100% conc. Coffee Booster - 1, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in sweet goods, beverages Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. liq.; freshly brewed coffee taste; sol. in oil, PG, alcohol Use Level: 0.5-2 ppm as consumed Coffee Booster - 2, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in sweet goods, beverages Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. yel. liq.; freshly brewed coffee taste; sol. in oil, PG, alcohol Use Level: 0.5-2 ppm as consumed Cold Pressed Grapefruit Oil [Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cold pressed grapefruit oil See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil CAS 8016-20-4 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Colorant, flavor enhancer, fragrance enhancer for foods Properties: Cl. to pale yel. oil; sweet grapefuit aroma; sol. in benzyl benzoate and min. oil; sl. sol. in PG; insol. in water and glycerine; sp.gr. 0.848-0.858; vapor pressure 2 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 349 F; flash pt. (CC) 48 C; ref. index 1.4750-1.4780; 98% volatile Toxicology: Mod. irritant to skin, eyes, nose, and throat; sl. allergen; mod. ing. and sl. inh. hazard Precaution: Combustible; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Ingredients: None HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ < 21 C in well-ventilated, covered area; once opened, head space should be purged with inert gas and tightly resealed Cold Pressed Orange Oil [Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cold pressed orange oil— midseason and Valencia See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil CAS 8008-57-9 Uses: Color enhancer, flavor booster for foods Properties: Lt. yel.-orange liq.; fresh orange aroma; sol. in benzyl benzoate, min. oil; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerine; sp.gr. 0.842-0.846; vapor pressure 2 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 349 F; flash pt. (CC) 118 F; ref. index 1.4720-1.4740; 98% volatile Toxicology: Mod. irritant, sl. allergen; mod. ing. and sl. inh. hazard Precaution: Combustible; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store tightly sealed in full containers in well-ventilated area @ < 21 C; partially filled containers should be blanketed with nitrogen Colflo® 67 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, cold temp. storage stabilizer, shelf life extender for frozen foods, fruit pie fillings, frozen meat pies and gravies, frozen soups and sauces, frozen Oriental foods 188

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Very good freeze/thaw stability; produces smooth, short texture; suitable at low pH; exc. clarity; no syneresis Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland taste; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Colloidal Kaolin BC 825 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Kaolin USP (95%), bentonite (5%) Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (43-47%); Al2O3 (36-40%); CaO (0.04-0.08%); MgO (0.20-0.40%); Fe2O3 (0.20-0.40%); TiO2 (1.20-2.20%) Uses: Anticaking agent for solids and clarifier for liqs. during food processing Regulatory: USP Properties: Wh. to buff fine powd.; 99.8% through 325 mesh, 100% through 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.58; dens. 3238 lb/ft3 (tapped), 12-18 lb/ft3 (loose); oil absorp. 49-53; dry brightness 88-92; nonflamm.; pH 6.5-8.5; 1% max. moisture; 0% volatiles Toxicology: ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 (total nuisance dust), 5 mg/m3 (respirable nuisance dust); may cause delayed respiratory disease if dust is inhaled over prolonged period Precaution: Very slippery when wet Hazardous Ingredients: Cryst. silica Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Colloidal Kaolin BC 2457 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Colloidal kaolin USP Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (44-46%); Al2O3 (37-40%); CaO (0.03-0.06%); MgO (0.20-0.40%); Fe2O3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(0.20-0.40%); TiO2 (1.50-2.00%) CAS 1332-58-7; EINECS/ELINCS 296-473-8 Uses: Anticaking agent for solids and clarifier for liqs. during food processing Regulatory: DOT nonhazardous; SARA §311/312 reportable, §304/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to buff powd.; 0.60 µ median particle size; 99.8% through 325 mesh; 100% through 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.60; dens. 33-39 lb/ft3 (tapped), 12-16 lb/ft3 (loose); oil absorp. 36-40; dry brightness 88-91; nonflamm.; pH 6.7-7.7; 1% max. moisture; 0% volatiles Toxicology: ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 total dust, 5 mg/m3 respirable dust; long-term overexposure to high concs. of dust may produce x-ray evidence of dust in lungs and may affect respiratory function; TSCA listed Environmental: no harmful effects known other than those associated with suspended inert solids in water Precaution: Slippery when wet Hazardous Ingredients: Inhalable silica not expected to be present in dust at levels exceeding 1%; cryst. silica Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area at ambient temps. Colloidal Kaolin BC 2747 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Colloidal kaolin USP Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (44-47%); Al2O3 (38-41%); CaO (0.30%); Fe2O3 (0.70%) CAS 1332-58-7; EINECS/ELINCS 296-473-8 Uses: Anticaking agent for solids and clarifier for liqs. during food processing Regulatory: USP, DOT nonhazardous; SARA §311/312 reportable, §304/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to buff powd.; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.60; dens. 45-52 lb/ft3 (tapped), 18-24 lb/ft3 (loose); dry brightness 86-90; nonflamm.; pH 7-8 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 total dust, 5 mg/m3 respirable dust; long-term overexposure to high concs. of dust may produce x-ray evidence of dust in lungs and may affect respiratory function; TSCA listed Environmental: no harmful effects known other than those associated with suspended inert solids in water Precaution: Slippery when wet Hazardous Ingredients: Inhalable silica not expected to be present in dust at levels 189

Part I: Trade Name Reference exceeding 1%; cryst. silica Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area at ambient temps. Colloidal Kaolin BC 2749 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Colloidal kaolin USP Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (44-46%); Al2O3 (38-41%); CaO (0.02-0.05%); MgO (0.20-.40%); Fe2O3 (0.20-0.40%); TiO2 (1.30-1.80%) CAS 1332-58-7; EINECS/ELINCS 296-473-8 Uses: Anticaking agent for solids and clarifier for liqs. during food processing Regulatory: USP, DOT nonhazardous; SARA §311/312 reportable, §304/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to buff powd.; 1.00 µ median particle size; 99.9% through 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.60; dens. 3339 lb/ft3 (tapped), 12-17 lb/ft3 (loose); oil absorp. 38-42; dry brightness 87-91; nonflamm.; pH 6.7-7.7; 1% max. moisture Toxicology: ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3 total dust, 5 mg/m3 respirable dust; long-term overexposure to high concs. of dust may produce x-ray evidence of dust in lungs and may affect respiratory function; TSCA listed Environmental: no harmful effects known other than those associated with suspended inert solids in water Precaution: Slippery when wet Hazardous Ingredients: Inhalable silica not expected to be present in dust at levels exceeding 1%; cryst. silica Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area at ambient temps. Complemix® 50 [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sulfonated ester Uses: Wetting agent, emulsifier, clouding agent for foods and beverages Properties: Nearly colorless liq.; sp.gr. 0.93; anionic; 50% act. Complemix® 100 [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com; Cytec Ind. BV] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate NF See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate CAS 577-11-7; EINECS/ELINCS 209-406-4 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, wetting agent, clouding agent for foods and beverages; dispersant; solubilizer; modifier Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: TSCA, EEC compliance Properties: Wh. waxy solid, odor of octyl alcohol; sol. 1.5 g/100 g in water; sp.gr. 1.1; anionic; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat), 4.2 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 1 g/kg; causes moderate eye and skin irritation Compritol® 888 ATO [Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; Gattefosse Spain http://www.gattefosse.es] Chem. Descrip.: Tribehenin CAS 18641-57-1; EINECS/ELINCS 242-471-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; additive for tablet mfg. Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1328 GRAS; USP/NF, EP, and JSFA compliance; DMF no. 4663 Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd. (spherical particles), faint odor, tasteless; 85% through 250 mesh; sol. hot in chloroform, methylene chloride; insol. in water, min. oil, ethanol; m.p. 69-74 C; HLB 2.0; acid no. < 4; iodine no. < 3; sapon. no. 145-165; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: LD0 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg Storage: Preserve in orig. container; store below 35 C; prevent exposure to air, light, heat, and moisture Concentrated DARILOID® KB [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate blend CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Stabilizer for dairy prods., sour cream, cottage cheese dressings, cream cheese, egg nog, ice cream fruit, cottage cheese fruit, fruit beverages, water ice, sherbet and lowfat novelties Properties: 28 mesh; milk-sol.; pH 5.4 Concentrated DARILOID® XL [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate blend See Algin Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer for milk-based systems (puddings, pie fillings, custards, cheese dips, cheesecake, eggnog, milk shake powd., chiffons, toppings, syrups, baked cream fillings, whipping cream) Properties: 42 mesh; milk-sol.; pH 10 (1%)

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Confectioners F & G [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer in gum candies; gelling agent in confectionery Features: Thin-boiling starch for developing proper depositing visc. and finished textures Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; pH 5.5; 11% moisture Consista® [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for prod. of creamstyle corn, meat prods., and other low-acid foods Features: High visc.; provides short, smooth textures, exc. clarity, resist. to syneresis, freeze/thaw cycles Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; bland; 90% through 100 mesh; pH 5.5 (uncooked); 10-12% moisture Use Level: 1.5-5.0% (cream-style corn, gravies, sauces, soups, puddings) Controx® VP [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin (40%), tocopherol (25%), ascorbyl palmitate (25%), hydrogenated palm glyceride citrate (10%) Uses: Antioxidant for fats in the food industry, esp. for stabilization of vegetable oils, frying fats, margarine, shortenings, release agents Regulatory: EU compliance Properties: Reddish-brn. paste, typ. odor, mild taste; oil-sol.; 17.5% tocopherol. Use Level: 0.02-0.1% on fat content in final prod. Cookerzyme® [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bacterial enzyme system derived from Bacillus subtilis Uses: Brewing enzyme for rapid hydrolysis of starch adjuncts Properties: Powd. or liq. CornSweet® 42 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp; MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: High fructose corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for use at 50-100% replacement for sucrose or invert sugar; clean, nonmasking sweetness for use in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

delicate flavored foods Properties: Water-wh. low-visc. syrup, sweet taste; dens. 11.23 lb/gal; visc. 225 cps (70 F); b.p. 230 F; pH 3.5; 71% solids, 42% min. fructose, 29% moisture Storage: Store @ 80-90 F CornSweet® 55 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp; MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: High fructose corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for carbonated drinks, still drinks, processed foods Properties: Water-wh. syrup, sweet taste; odorless; sp.gr. 1.35; dens. 11.55 lb/gal; visc. 1200 cps (70 F); b.p. 230 F; pH 3.5; 77% solids, 55% min. fructose, 23% moisture Storage: Store @ 80-85 F for ease in pumping and blending Cornsweet® 90 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: high fructose corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 90% fructose; 77% solids; 23% moisture CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in reduced calorie foods such as beverages, jellies, and dressings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 184.1866; FCC Properties: Cl., colorless to sl. straw colored liq.; sweet taste; odorless; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.35; b.p. 230 F; pH 3.5 Toxicology: Nontoxic; noncarcinogenic Storage: Store @ 70-85F CornSweet® 95 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp; MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: High fructose corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Moisture 23%; sulfated ash 0.03% CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener offering intense sweetness, sweetness synergism, flavor enhancement, humectancy, low water activity, f.p. depression, high osmotic pressure; for beverages, baked goods, frozen foods, cereals, dairy prods., reduced-calorie foods Properties: Water-wh. liq., very sweet taste; sp.gr. 1.35; dens. 11.56 lb/gal; visc. 575 cps (80 F); b.p. 230 F; pH 3.5; 77% dry solids, 95% fructose. Storage: Store @ 65-75 F 191

Part I: Trade Name Reference CornSweet® Crystalline Fructose [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp; MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Fructose FCC/USP Uses: Sweetener offering intense sweetness, sweetness synergism, flavor enhancement, humectancy, low water activity, f.p. depression, high osmotic pressure; for beverages, baked goods, frozen foods, cereals, dairy prods., reduced-calorie foods Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst., odorless, clean very sweet taste; 1% max. on 16 mesh, 10% max. through 100 mesh; bulk dens. 52 lb/ft3; m.p. 103 C; 99.9% act. Storage: Store @ 25 C and 50% r.h. 42/43 Corn Syrup [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Acid converted corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener, flavoring agent, bodying agent, moisture retention aid in foods, candies, jams, jellies, fountain and table syrups Properties: Water-wh. med. visc. liq., char. odor, sweet-bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4201 (100/60 F); dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 1000 poises (80 F); pH 4.8; DE 42; Baumé 43 (100 F); 80.7% total solids, 19.3% moisture 62/43 Corn Syrup [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Acid-enzyme converted corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for baked goods (bread, rolls), nougats, fondants, etc. Features: High proportion of fermentable carbohydrates and increased sweetness Properties: Water-wh. syrup, char. odor, sweet taste; sp.gr. 1.4201 (100/60 F); dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 400 poises (80 F); pH 4.8 (1:1); DE 62; Baumé 43 (100 F); 82% total solids, 18% moisture Corn Syrup 36/43 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 80.3% total solids, 19.7% moisture CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Nutritive carbohydrate sweetener for ice cream, hard candies, cough drops; crystal formation inhibitor and bodying agent Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Colorless syrup; dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 1000 poise (80 F); pH 4.8 (1:1); DE 36; Baume 43 (100 F) Corn Syrup 42/43 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Nutritive carbohydrate sweetener for candies, jams, jellies, fountain and table syrups Properties: Dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 1000 poise (80 F); pH 4.8 (1:1); DE 42; Baume 43 (100 F); 80.7% total solids, 19.3% moisture Corn Syrup 52/43 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Nutritive carbohydrate sweetener for marshmallows, gum drops, nougats; sl. sweeter than 42/43 Properties: Dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 550 poise (80 F); pH 4.8 (1:1); DE 52; Baume 43 (100 F); 81.2% total solids, 18.8% moisture Corn Syrup 62/43 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Nutritive carbohydrate sweetener for baked goods, nougats, fondants; sweeter than 42/43 Properties: Dens. 11.84 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 400 poise (80 F); pH 4.8 (1:1); DE 62; Baume 43 (100 F); 82% total solids, 18% moisture Corn Syrup 62/44 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Nutritive carbohydrate sweetener for baked goods, nougats, fondants Properties: Dens. 11.95 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 1300 poise (80 F); pH 4.8 (1:1); DE 62; Baume 44 (100 F); 84% total solids, 16% moisture Corn Syrup 97/71 [ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessing .asp] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 192

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Nutritive carbohydrate sweetener with high sweetness and high fermentables; for fermentation, baked goods Features: Highly enzyme converted; it may be used interchangeably with liquid dextrose Properties: Dens. 11.07 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 0.36 poise (120 F); pH 4.5 (1:1); DE 97; 71% total solids, 29% moisture Cottonseed Cooking Oil [ADM Refined Oils http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cottonseed oil, refined, bleached, deodorized See Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil CAS 8001-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-280-7 Uses: Veg. oil for frying Properties: Cloudy oil, pleasing flavor; iodine no. 100-115 Covi-Ox® T-70 [Cognis/Nutrition & Health; Cognis/Care Chems.; Cognis Canada] Chem. Descrip.: Tocopherol CAS 1406-18-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-798-8 Uses: Antioxidant, blocking agent for foods Features: Natural Regulatory: 21 CFR §182.3890 Properties: Brwnsh. red visc. liq.; 70% min. total natural tocopherols Covi-Ox® T-90 [Cognis/Nutrition & Health] Chem. Descrip.: Mixed tocopherol conc. NF/FCC (typically 14% d-α, 2% d-β, 60% d-γ, 24% d-δ CAS 1406-18-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-798-8 Uses: Antioxidant for foods; γ-tocopherol source in nutritional supplements Features: Low volatility; exc. carry-through chars. Regulatory: 21 CFR §182.3890, kosher Properties: Brownish-red cl. visc. oil; bland to mild odor and taste; misc. with org. solvs., veg. oils, animal fats; sparingly sol. in abs. ethanol; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.94-0.96 g/cm3 Precaution: Unstable to acid, light, alkali, oxidizing agents Storage: 36 mos. shelf life when stored @ 15-30 C in unopened original container; protect from heat, light, and air in tightly closed containers; do not refrigerate Covitol® 700 [Cognis/Nutrition & Health] Chem. Descrip.: D-α-Tocopherol USP on silicon dioxide carrier, surf. treated with gum acacia See Acacia; Silica Uses: Antioxidant; nutrient, dietary supplement for chewable tablets and twoHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

piece capsules; natural vitamin E fortifier for foods Features: Stable to air and light; unstable to alkali and acid Properties: Wh. to lt. cream free-flowing gran. powd.; bland odor and taste; 60% through 40 mesh, 10% through 120 mesh; insol. in water and org. solvs.; bulk dens. 0.40-0.50 g/cm3 Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in unopened original container; protect from heat, light, moisture, and freezing Covitol® 700 WD [Cognis/Nutrition & Health] Chem. Descrip.: D-α-Tocopherol USP/FCC in carrier of gum acacia, surf. treated See Acacia Uses: Antioxidant; nutrient, dietary supplement for dry powd. mixes and effervescent tablets that are added to water; natural vitamin E fortifier for foods incl. dry baby formulas Features: Stable to air and light; unstable to alkali and acid Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Lt. tan fine powd.; bland odor and taste; water-disp.; insol. in org. solvs. Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in unopened original container; protect from heat, light, moisture, and freezing Covitol® 1360 [Cognis/Nutrition & Health] Chem. Descrip.: Tocopheryl acetate CAS 1406-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-710-0 Uses: Dietary supplement in food prods. Regulatory: USP, FCC, kosher, Halal Properties: Yel. cl. visc. liq.; wh. to off-wh. cryst. powd. with mild odor or taste; sparingly sol. in ethanol; misc. with org. solvents, veg. oils and fats; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.94-0.95; m.p. 7378 C; 960 mg/g min. assay Storage: Store in tightly closed dontainer in cool, dry place protected from heat, light, and oxygen Covitol® 1360J [Cognis/Nutrition & Health] Chem. Descrip.: d-α-Tocopheryl acetate USP/FCC CAS 58-95-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-710-0 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement liq. prep. and food fortification Features: Stable to air, light, acids Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Very pale yel. cl. visc. oil; little or no odor and taste; misc. with org. solvs., veg. oils and fats; sparingly sol. in ethanol; insol. in 193

Part I: Trade Name Reference water; m.w. 472.75; sp.gr. 0.94-0.96 g/cm3 Precaution: Unstable to alkali and oxidizing agents Storage: 48 mos. shelf life in unopened original pkg.; store @ 15-30 C; protect from heat, light, air in tightly closed containers; do not refrigerate; may crystallize on exposure to cold temps. Covitol® F-350M [Cognis/Nutrition & Health] Chem. Descrip.: Tocopherol CAS 1406-18-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-798-8 Uses: Preservative for drink mixes; dietary supplement for foods Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §182.3890 Properties: Cream powd.; mild odor and taste; insol. in veg. oils and org. solvents; 235 mg/g of d-α tocopherol conc. FCC plus 59 mg/g of d-β, d-γ, and d-δ tocopherol FCC. Storage: Store in tightly closed dontainer in cool, dry place protected from heat, light, and oxygen; use promptly after opening Covitol® F-1000-2 [Cognis/Nutrition & Health] Chem. Descrip.: Tocopherol and soybean oil See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil CAS 1406-18-4; 8001-22-7; EINECS/ELINCS 215-798-8; 232-274-4 Uses: Dietary supplement in foods Features: Derived from nat. sources Regulatory: USP, FCC< kosher, Halal Properties: Brn.-red cl. visc. oil; bland to mild odor; misc. with org. solvs., veg. oils and fats; sparingly sol. in ethanol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.94-0.95; 671 mg/g min. assay Storage: 36 mos. shelf life; store in tightly closed dontainer in cool, dry place protected from heat, light, and oxygen COWCIUM® Natural Milk Calcium FG [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natural milk calcium (calcium (27% minimum) and phosphorus (10% minimum) mixture) derived from bovine milk CAS 7758-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-837-1 Uses: Calcium source, phosphorus source for direct compression of nutritional supplement tablets, food supplements Features: Directly compressible; free of lactose Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine gran.; min. salt flavor; 10% max. moisture; 27% min. Ca, 10% min. P Storage: 3 yr. min. shelf life; store in cool, dry location (5-20 C, < 60% r.h.) with fresh, clean, circulating air; protect from microbial Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

contamination Coyote Brand Agar 80 mesh [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: colloidal polysaccharide Uses: Gellant, moisture stabilizer for baked goods, meat applics., dairy prods.; gelatin replacement in vegan prods. Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1115; kosher Properties: Sol. in boiling water; gel strength 900-1000 g/cm2 Coyote Brand Agar 100 mesh [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: colloidal polysaccharide Uses: Gellant, moisture stabilizer for baked goods, meat applics., dairy prods.; gelatin replacement in vegan prods.; texturizer for icing Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1115; kosher Properties: Sol. in boiling water; gel strength 900-1000 g/cm2 Coyote Brand Agar Type Z100 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: colloidal polysaccharide Uses: Gellant, moisture stabilizer for baked goods, meat applics., dairy prods.; gelatin replacement in vegan prods. Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1115; kosher Properties: Sol. in boiling water; gel strength 900-1000 g/cm2 Coyote Brand Agar-Agar 150 Mesh Gelidium [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: colloidal polysaccharide Uses: Gellant, moisture stabilizer for baked goods, meat applics., dairy prods.; gelatin replacement in vegan prods. Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1115; kosher Properties: Sol. in boiling water; gel strength < 750 g/cm2 Coyote Brand Tara Gum [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: Tara gum, polysaccharide composed of mannose and galactose derived from the tara seed Chem. Analysis: Moisture < 14%; ash (total) < 10%; heavy metals as Pb 20 ppm max.; Pb 5 ppm max.; As 3ppm max. CAS 39300-88-4 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, gelling agent, suspension aid in food Regulatory: FDA GRAS 194

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Wh. powd.; 98% through US Std. 80 mesh; Brookfield visc. 3500-5000 cps in 1% sol'n. (spindle 4, 25 C, 20 rpm), 4000-6000 cps (spindle 4, 85 C, 20 rpm); pH 4-6 (1% sol'n.) Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: exocellular polysaccharide Uses: Visc. control agent for baked goods, beverages, confectionery, dairy prods., desserts, dressings and dips, fried foods, frozen foods, meat analogs, pasta, restructured foods, pet foods, soups, sauces, and gravies Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.695 Properties: Disp in cold water; visc. generally 1200-1650 cps Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: exocellular polysaccharide Uses: Visc. control agent for baked goods, beverages, confectionery, dairy prods., desserts, dressings and dips, fried foods, frozen foods, meat analogs, pasta, restructured foods, pet foods, soups, sauces, and gravies Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.695 Properties: Visc. generally 1200-1650 cps Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: exocellular polysaccharide Uses: Visc. control agent for baked goods, beverages, confectionery, dairy prods., desserts, dressings and dips, fried foods, frozen foods, meat analogs, pasta, restructured foods, pet foods, soups, sauces, and gravies Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.695 Properties: Visc. generally 1200-1650 cps Coyote Brand Xanthan DF [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: exocellular polysaccharide Uses: Visc. control agent in food Features: Nongelling; dust-free Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.695 Properties: Visc. generally 1200-1650 cps Coyote Brand Xanthan ID [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: exocellular polysaccharide Uses: Mouthfeel enhancer and visc. control agent in baked goods, beverages, confectionery, dairy prods., desserts, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dressings and dips, fried foods, frozen foods, meat analogs, pasta, restructured foods, pet foods, soups, sauces, and gravies Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.695 Properties: Instantly disp.; visc. generally 12001650 cps Coyote Brand Xanthan ST [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: exocellular polysaccharide Uses: Visc. control agent in food Features: Nongelling; for use in high salt/brine food Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.695 Properties: Visc. generally 1200-1650 cps Coyote Brand Xanthan TR [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: exocellular polysaccharide Uses: Visc. control agent in food Features: Nongelling; transparent Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.695 Properties: Visc. generally 1200-1650 cps Coyote Stabilizer APG-200 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Suspension aid, mouthfeel enhancer in dairy-based drinks, other beverages, desserts, dressings and dips, frozen food, soups, sauces, and gravies Coyote Stabilizer C-Gum 200 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Gellant in water dessert gels Coyote Stabilizer CKLX-MS [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: blend of carrageenan, locust bean gum, xanthan, konjac See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Konjac flour; Xanthan gum Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 40 ppm max.; arsenic 2 ppm max.; lead 10 ppm max. Uses: Thickener, gelling agent, fat replacer in foods, pet foods Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21 CFR §170.30, 172.620, 172.695, 184.1343 Properties: Off-wh. powd.; typical bland odor; particle size 75% through US Std. 80 mesh; Brookfield visc. 3000 cps min. (spindle 4, 4 h); pH 4.3-6.3 (1% sol'n); gel strength 300 g/cm2 min. (0.5% sol'n.) Coyote Stabilizer CS-100 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Suspension aid for beverages 195

Part I: Trade Name Reference Coyote Stabilizer CS-DK [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Thickener, gelling agent for pudding Coyote Stabilizer CT-D100 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Texturizer for yogurt Coyote Stabilizer DS-101 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Suspension aid, mouthfeel enhancer for smoothies; suspension aid, emulsifier in salad dressings; viscosifier, texturizer, suspension aid, shelf life extender in beverages, dressings, dips, ice cream, salsas, soups, gravies Regulatory: Kosher Coyote Stabilizer HCS-1 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Shelf life extender for ice cream Coyote Stabilizer HTPF [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Creates viscous set, prevents boil-out in pie fillings Coyote Stabilizer JB-900 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Creates viscous set, prevents boil-out in pie fillings Coyote Stabilizer KS-Flan [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Prevents syneresis in puddings Coyote Stabilizer KSP-1 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Prevents syneresis in puddings Coyote Stabilizer KT-MS [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: konjac flour, tara gum See Tara gum Uses: Solids reducer for BBQ sauces; thickener Coyote Stabilizer NJ-1 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: For aseptic, UHT, HTST formualtions; in coffee, cappuccino Coyote Stabilizer NJ-2 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Phase separation control in nondairy creamers Coyote Stabilizer OG-500 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Freeze/thaw control for frozen foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Coyote Stabilizer PF-3 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Suspension aid, emulsifier in salad dressings Coyote Stabilizer ST-101 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Solids reducer for BBQ sauces Regulatory: Kosher Coyote Stabilizer TC-1 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Shelf-life extender, freeze-thaw improver for tortillas Coyote Stabilizer TC-20 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Shelf-life extender, freeze-thaw improver for tortillas Coyote Stabilizer VPB-1 [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Uses: Fat replacer, binder for meat analogs Coyote Brand Konjac A [Gum Tech. http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.php] Chem. Descrip.: Konjac, linear polysaccharide composed of mannose and glucose derived from tubers of "elephant yam" See Konjac flour Chem. Analysis: Moisture < 14%; ash (total) < 1%; heavy metals as Pb 30 ppm max.; Pb 5 ppm max.; As 3 ppm max. CAS 37220-17-0 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer in food; dough conditioner, extender in bakery applics.; moisture control agent in noodle, dumpling applics.; gelling agent, texturizer in confectionery, dairy prods.; thickener, mouthfeel in beverages Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Wh. powd.; particle size 95% through 100 mesh; Brookfield visc. > 18,000 cps (1% sol'n., spindle 6, 20 rpm); pH 6-8 (1% sol'n) C.P. 30 [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour and calcium propionate See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour CAS 130498-22-5; 4075-81-4; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6; 223-795-8 Uses: Mold inhibitor for breads, rolls Properties: Powd. Use Level: 0.7% of flour wt. Toxicology: May cause allergic reaction, sensitization, eye and skin irritation; prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis 196

Part I: Trade Name Reference Environmental: readily biodeg. Storage: Store in orig. pkg. in cool, dry place CPF™ [Cargill Flavor Systems http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/] Uses: Cheese flavor in food Features: Variety of flavor profiles available C*PharmIsoMaltidex 16540 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Isomalt CAS 64519-82-0 Uses: Sweetener for sugar-free candies, diabetic prods. Features: Functional replacement for sugar and glucose syrup in sugar-free and diabetic prods. Regulatory: EP C*Pulp Tex 12930 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized starch from waxy maize See Starch, pregelatinized CAS 977050-93-3 Uses: Texturizer, stabilizer for foods, esp. bakery prods. (muffin/cake mixes), instant sauces/gravies, food powds., microwave foods, beverage mixes, tomato sauces Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified CreamTex™ 75720 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: stabilized, medium cross-linked tapioca starch listed as food starch, modified See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 13% moisture; 0.5% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Thickener in frozen soups and sauces, chilled dairy desserts, neutral sauces Features: Good heat and shear stability; short, smooth and creamy texture; high viscosity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Powd.; bland taste; easily disp. in cold water; bulk dens. 700 g/l; pH 6.0 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Cream Enhancer - 1, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to impart sweetness and mouthfeel of cream Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless to lt. yel., cl. liq.; faintly Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

spicy taste; sol. in alcohol, PG, water Use Level: 0.02%-0.2% Cremodan® DC [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Uses: Stabilizer, ice crystal control agent, color binder, bodying agent, texturizer in water ices Cremodan® Mousse [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Emulsifier/stabilizer system Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, aerating agent, shelf life enhancer in frozen mousse Cremodan® SL [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Emulsifier/stabilizer system Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, bodying agent, texturizer, ice crystal control agent, aerating agent in sorbet and sherbet Cremophor® NP 10 [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Nonoxynol-10 CAS 9016-45-9; EINECS/ELINCS 248-294-1 Uses: Solubilizer for essential oils and flavors Properties: Liq.; nonionic Cremophor® NP 14 [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Nonoxynol-14 CAS 9016-45-9 Uses: Solubilizer for essential oils and flavors Properties: Liq.; nonionic Crestaflake [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Specialty fat Uses: Flavor enhancer, texturizer for pizza crust Features: For incorporation into dough before baking Properties: Flakes Crestagel [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Uses: Glazing agent, gloss aid for sweet rolls, hot cross buns, etc. Features: Sweet; adds surface sheen Properties: Gel Crestaglaze Conc. [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Uses: Glazing agent, gloss aid for bread prods. 197

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Paste Crestawhip 100 [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Uses: Emulsifier for baking Features: Multifunctional gel type system; for use by craft and small scale bakers Crestawhip 200 [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Uses: Emulsifier for baking Features: High efficiency; general purpose; gel type; gives consistency in prod. volume, whip times, and batter sp.gr.; for use in plant bakeries and larger manufacturing operations Crestawhip 225 [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Uses: Emulsifier for baking Features: Gives exc. consistency in finished sponge; minimizes manual handling; deliverable semi-bulk Properties: Pumpable and meterable soft gel Crestawhip 250 [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Uses: Emulsifier for baking Features: Conc.; general purpose; gel type; for use in plant bakeries and larger manufacturing operations; can be used typically at levels of 70% of Crestawhip 200 Crestawhip 450 [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Uses: Emulsifier for baking Features: Gel type; single emulsifier Crester KZ [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglycerol and edible fatty acid mixed esters Uses: Emulsifier for foods, coffee whiteners; volume improver, texturizer, and shelf life extender in cakes and flour confectionery; gel stabilizer in sponges and Swiss rolls; whipping aid, foam stabilizer in whipped desserts; emulsion stabilizer in syn. creams Properties: Solid; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 120-150; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 2-4% basis shortening (cakes), 1015% gel systems (sponges) Crester L [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglycerol and fatty acids mixed ester Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Crystallization control agent, aerating agent, emulsifier for foods; emulsifier for margarine; emulsion stabilizer for syn. creams Properties: Paste; acid no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 130-140; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.3-4% Crester PR [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglycerol polyricinoleate See Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate Uses: Visc. modifier in foods; emulsifier in bakery release sprays; flow aid reducing yield value of chocolate or coatings Properties: Liq.; acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 72103; sapon. no. 170-180; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.2-0.5% (chocolate), 1-4% (pan grease) Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Creta Plus [Omya UK http://www.omya.co.uk/web/omya_uk.nsf/Ho mePage_Lang1?OpenForm&omya_langid=1& omya_navid=0000] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate with addition of thiamine hydrochloride, nicotinamide and reduced iron See Niacinamide; Thiamine HCl Chem. Analysis: 0.1% moisture CAS 471-34-1; 67-03-8; 98-92-0; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9; 200-641-8; 202713-4 Uses: Fortification and mfg. of bread and flour Properties: Mean particle size 3.4 μ; dens. 2.7 g/ml; pH 9; 98% Calcium carbonate Creta Praeparata V [Omya UK http://www.omya.co.uk/web/omya_uk.nsf/Ho mePage_Lang1?OpenForm&omya_langid=1& omya_navid=0000] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Fortification and mfg. of bread and flour, cereals Regulatory: BP Properties: Mean particle size 3 μ; bulk dens. (packed) 1.2 g/ml; pH 9; 98% Calcium carbonate Crill 1 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan laurate CAS 1338-39-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-663-3 Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent for foods; 198

Part I: Trade Name Reference antifoam for syrups, calf starters Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.210, 178.3120, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt; EEC, UK clearance; DOT nonregulated/nonhazardous; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Pale yel. cl. visc. liq.; sol. in ethanol, oleyl alcohol, min. oil; disp. in water; sp.gr. 1.00; visc. 39-49 poise; HLB 8.6; acid no. 4-7; sapon. no. 160-175; hyd. no. 330-358; nonionic; 98% conc. Use Level: 0.1-0.2% (calf starters), 0.01-0.05% (syrups) Toxicology: LD50 (acute oral) > 20 g/kg; essentially nonirritating to eyes; may be mildly irritating to skin; no significant adverse health effects are known; may aggravate pre-existing dermatological conditions Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning will produce COx Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Crill 2 [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan palmitate CAS 26266-57-9; EINECS/ELINCS 247-568-8 Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent for foods; antifoam for syrups, calf starters Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, 176.210, 178.3120, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt; EEC compliance; FDA nonregulated/nonhazardous; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Pale tan hard waxy solid; partially sol. in propylene glycol, ethyl and oleyl alcohols, olive oil, oleic acid; disp. in water; vapor pressure negligible; m.p. 46 C; HLB 6.7; sapon. no. 140-150; nonionic; 98% conc. Toxicology: Acute oral toxicity > 15.9 g/kg; essentially nonirritating to eyes (30% sol'n.), and to skin (50% sol'n.); no adverse health effects are known; may aggravate preexisting dermatological conditions Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning will produce COx Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Crill 3 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier for shortenings; controls crystallization and prevents fat bloom in chocolate and coatings; emulsion stabilizer in coffee whiteners, whipped desserts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.836, 172.842, 173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 176.210, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt; EEC, UK clearance Properties: Cream/yel. hard waxy solid; low odor; partially sol. in oleyl alcohol, olive oil, oleic acid; insol. in water; m.p. 54 C; HLB 4.7; acid no. 5-10; sapon. no. 146-157; hyd. no. 235-260; nonionic; 98% conc. Use Level: 0.5% (chocolate), 0.1-0.2% (coffee whiteners), 0.2-0.4% (shortenings, whipped desserts) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 31 g/kg; nonirritating to eyes Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Crill 3 NF [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate NF CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier, rehydration aid in foods Features: Mild; multifunctional; solubilizer for compds. with low sol. in lipophilic bases Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.836, 172.842 Properties: Cream/yel. solid; sol. in ethanol, oleyl alcohol, min. oil, IPM, olive oil, oleic acid; insol. in water; gels in propylene glycol; HLB 4.7; acid no. < 10; sapon. no. 147-157; hyd. no. 235-260; nonionic; 1% max. water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 31 g/kg; nonirritating to eyes; mild skin irritant Crill 4 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan oleate CAS 1338-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 Uses: Antifoam for food processing; emulsion stabilizer for calf starters, syn. creams, whipped desserts; wetting agent, defeathering aid in poultry Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, 176.210, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt; EEC compliance Properties: Amber visc. liq.; sol. in ethyl, 199

Part I: Trade Name Reference isopropyl, and oleyl alcohols, min. oil, IPM, olive oil, oleic acid; HLB 4.3; acid no. 5.5-7.5; sapon. no. 147-160; hyd. no. 193-209; nonionic; 98% conc. Use Level: 0.5-5%; 0.2-0.4% (calf starter, whipped dessert); 0.1-0.2% (cream), 175 ppm of scald water (poultry) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 40 g/kg; nonirritating to eyes Crill 35 [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan tristearate CAS 26658-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4 Uses: Emulsifier, lubricant for foods Properties: Pale tan hard waxy solid; partly sol. in oleyl alcohol, min. and olive oil, IPM, oleic acid; m.p. 48 C; HLB 2.1; sapon. no. 176-188; nonionic; 98% conc. Crill 41 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan tristearate CAS 26658-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; controls crystallization and prevents fat bloom in chocolate and confectioners coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, 176.210, 178.3120, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt; EEC compliance Properties: Cream/yel. solid; m.p. 53 C; HLB 2.1; acid no. 7 max.; sapon. no. 172-185; hyd. no. 60-80; nonionic Crill 43 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan sesquioleate CAS 8007-43-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-360-1 Uses: W/o emulsifier, wetting agent, pigment dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, 176.210, 178.3120; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt Properties: Amber visc. liq.; sol. in oleyl alcohol, min. and olive oil, oleic acid; HLB 3.7; sapon. no. 149-160; nonionic; 98% conc. Crill 45 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan trioleate CAS 26266-58-0; EINECS/ELINCS 247-569-3 Uses: W/o emulsifier, wetting agent, pigment dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

176.210, 178.3120, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt Properties: Amber visc. liq.; sol. in oleyl alcohol, min. oil, olive oil, IPM, IPA, oleic acid; insol. in water, propylene glycol; HLB 1.8; sapon. no. 172-186; nonionic; 98% conc. Crill 50 [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan oleate, tech. CAS 1338-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, wetting agent for foods Properties: Liq.; nonionic; 98% conc. Crillet 1 HP [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 20 NF, EP CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Solubilizer, o/w emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, wetting agent in foods Features: Often combined with a member of the Crill range in emulsification systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt; EP compliance Properties: Yel. to amber cl. liq.; low odor; sol. in water, ethyl alcohol, IPA, propylene glycol, oleyl alcohol, oleic acid; HLB 16.7; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 40-50; hyd. no. 96-108; peroxide value 2 max.; surf. tens. 38.5 dynes/cm (0.1%); nonionic; ≤ 0.2% water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 30 g/kg; mild skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes Crillet 1 NF [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 20 NF CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Solubilizer, o/w emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, wetting agent in foods Features: Often combined with a member of the Crill range in emulsification systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt; EEC compliance Properties: Yel. to amber cl. liq.; low odor; sol. in water, ethyl alcohol, IPA, propylene glycol, oleyl alcohol, oleic acid; partly sol. in IPM; insol. in propylene glycol, min. oil; HLB 16.7; acid no. 2.2 max.; sapon. no. 40-50; hyd. no. 96-108; surf. tens.; nonionic; 97% conc.; 3% max. water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 30 g/kg; mild skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes 200

Part I: Trade Name Reference Crillet 1 Super [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG (20) sorbitan monolaurate See Polysorbate 20 CAS 9005-64-5 (generic) Uses: Solubilizer for flavors Regulatory: FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide listed Properties: Cl. yel. liq.; HLB 16.7; nonionic Crillet 2 Super [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG (20) sorbitan monopalmitate See Polysorbate 40 Uses: Surfactant for foods Properties: Cl. yel. liq.; HLB 15.6; nonionic Crillet 3 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, icings; starch/protein complexing agent and aerating agent in cakes; emulsion stabilizer in calf starters, coffee whiteners, margarine; crystallization control agent; reduces palate cling in chocolate and coatings; fat separation preventer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.836, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt; EEC, UK clearance Properties: Yel. liq. gels to soft solid on cooling; sol. in ethyl, isopropyl, and oleyl alcohol, oleic acid; partly sol. in water; HLB 14.9; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 81-96; pH 5-7 (5%); surf. tens. 42.5 dynes/cm (0.1%); nonionic; 97% conc. Use Level: 0.2-0.4% (cake), 0.1-0.2% (calf starter), 0.5% (chocolate), 0.05-0.1% (coffee whitener) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 38 g/kg; nonirritating to eyes Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Crillet 3 NF [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 NF CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: Produces stable emulsions; multipurpose Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.836, 172.842 Properties: Yel. visc. liq. to soft solid; sol. in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

water, ethanol, oleyl alcohol, oleic acid, IPA; disp. in propylene glycol; partly sol. in IPM; insol. in propylene glycol, min. oil, olive oil; HLB 14.9; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 81-96; nonionic; 3% max. water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 38 g/kg; mild skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes Crillet 4 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 NF CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; fat agglomeration control agent in ice cream; solubilizer producing stable vitamin and essential oil emulsions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.623, 172.840, 172.846, 173.340, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt; EEC, UK clearance Properties: Yel. amber cl. liq.; faint char. odor; sol. in water, ethyl, isopropyl, and oleyl alcohols, oleic acid; HLB 15.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 65-80; pH 6-7 (5%); surf. tens. 42.5 dynes/cm (0.1%); nonionic; 97% conc. Use Level: 0.02-0.05% (ice cream), 5-15% of oil or vitamin Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 38 g/kg; nonirritating to eyes Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Crillet 4 HP [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 NF CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier, yeast defoamer, solubilizer, dispersant, surfactant, wetting agent in foods Features: Esp. suitable for systems with unsat. lipid components Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.840, 172.846; FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide listed Properties: Cl. yel. liq.; sol. in water, IPA; disp. in propylene glycol; insol. in min. oil; HLB 15.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 6580; peroxide value ≤ 2; nonionic; ≤ 0.2% water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 38 g/kg; mild skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes Crillet 4 NF [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 NF CAS 9005-65-6 201

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Emulsifier, yeast defoamer, solubilizer, dispersant, surfactant, wetting agent in foods Features: Esp. suitable for systems with unsat. lipid components Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.840, 172.846 Properties: Yel. to amber clear; sol. in water, ethanol, oleyl alcohol, oleic acid, IPA; partly sol. in IPM; disp. in propylene glycol; insol. in min. oil, olive oil; HLB 15.0; acid no. 2.2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 65-80; nonionic; 3% max. water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 38 g/kg; mild skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes Crillet 4 Super [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Surfactant; o/w emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer, wetting agent, dispersant; multipurpose food additive Regulatory: NF, FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide listed Properties: Cl. yel. liq.; HLB 15.0; nonionic Crillet 31 [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 61 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent for food applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210 Properties: Yel./amber solid; sol. in oleyl alcohol, oleic acid; partly sol. in ethanol, IPM, olive oil, kerosene, xylene, trichlorethylene; partly sol. (gels) in water, min. oil; HLB 9.6; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 98-113; hyd. no. 170-200; nonionic; 97% conc. Crillet 35 [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 65 CAS 9005-71-4 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.838, 176.210, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt; EEC compliance Properties: Cream/buff waxy solid; sol. in ethyl and oleyl alcohols, oleic acid, trichlorethylene, partly sol. in water; HLB 10.5; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 88-98; hyd. no. 44-60; surf. tens. 42.5 dynes/cm (0.1%); nonionic; 97% conc. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Crillet 41 [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 81 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent for food applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210; 40CFR §180.1001(c) exempt Properties: Amber liq.; sol. in ethanol, oleyl alcohol, IPM, oleic acid, kerosene, butyl stearate; partly sol. in water, olive oil, xylene, trichlorethylene; HLB 10.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon no. 96-104; hyd. no. 134-150; nonionic; 97% conc. Crillet 45 [Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 85 CAS 9005-70-3 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent for food applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 178.3400; 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) exempt Properties: Amber cl. visc. liq.; sol. in ethyl and oleyl alcohols, IPM, oleic acid, kerosene, trichlorethylene, butyl stearate; HLB 11.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 82-95; hyd. no. 39-52; surf. tens. 41 dynes/cm (0.1%); nonionic; 97% conc. Crispcoat™ UC [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: High amylose corn starch and dextrin See Corn (Zea mays) starch Uses: Gellant, film-former, texturizer for battered and fried foods, esp. French fries Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1, 184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5 (1%); 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity 202

Part I: Trade Name Reference Crisp Film® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified (high amylose corn starch) See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, film-former, texturizer for extruded foods; protective barrier as coating for fried foods Features: Imparts internal bonding strength and texture; gelatinizes at higher temps. than conventional starches; reduced oil pickup and moisture loss Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Crisp Note, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in savory prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; crisp fried chicken, bacon, beef fat taste; sol. in oil, PG, alcohol, fat Use Level: 10-20 ppm Crodacreme Range [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of mono/diglycerides of fatty acids, guar gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, carrageenan, and glucose syrup solids See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Corn syrup solids; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for ice cream Regulatory: UK clearance Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Solid; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: ADI 150 mg/kg bodyweight Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Crodamol GTCC [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl tricaprylate/caprate See Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Lubricant, release agent, glazing agent for bakery prods., sugar confectionery, flour confectionery; solvent carrier for flavors and fragrances; prevents excessive dehydration in dried fruit; hypoallergenic baby food formulations; wetting agent; nutritional source of lipids Features: Exc. oxidative stability; nongreasy; substitute for min. hydrocarbon oils Regulatory: Kosher; non-GM Properties: Colorless to pale straw cl. liq.; sol. in castor oil, corn oil, min. oil, oleyl alcohol, ethanol; sp.gr. 0.950; visc. 30 cst; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 325-345; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.25-1% (dried fruit, sugar confectionery) Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Crodatem L [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Diacetyl tartaric acid derivs. of fatty acid mono and diglycerides See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides CAS 91052-81-2 Uses: Antistaling agent, starch complexing agent in biscuits, cake mixes, gravy mix; toffee emulsifier; controls starch gelation in snack foods, pastas; improves dispersibility of coffee whiteners; emulsifies fat in meat prods. Properties: Amber visc. liq.; acid no. 110-130; iodine no. 70-80; sapon. no. 45-500; nonionic; 100% conc. Crodesta F-10 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose distearate CAS 27195-16-0; EINECS/ELINCS 248-317-5 203

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, texturizer in foods; protective coating on fruits Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.859 Properties: Off-wh. powd.; sol. in oil; insol. in water; HLB 3.0; m.p. 60-68 C; acid no. 5 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 140-200; hyd. no. 80-130; nonionic; 100% act. Crodesta F-110 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose distearate and sucrose stearate Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, texturizer in foods; protective coating on fruits Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.859 Properties: Off-wh. powd.; water-sol.; HLB 12.0; m.p. 72-78 C; acid no. 5 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 85-145; hyd. no. 475-525; nonionic; 100% act. Crodesta F-160 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose stearate CAS 25168-73-4; EINECS/ELINCS 246-705-9 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, texturizer in foods; protective coating on fruits Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.859 Properties: Wh. powd.; water-sol.; HLB 14.5; m.p. 70-74 C; acid no. 5 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 75-153; hyd. no. 545-595; nonionic; 100% act. Crossential® GLA E95 SR [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: high purity γ-Linolenic acid CAS 506-26-3; EINECS/ELINCS 293-054-1 Uses: Dietary supplement Features: Low peroxide value and para-anisidine value Properties: Cl. pale yel. liq.; 95% min. Crossential® EPO TG25 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: γ-Linoleic acid derived from evening primrose oil See Linoleic acid CAS 60-33-3; EINECS/ELINCS 289-859-2 Uses: Fatty acids used as dietary supplement Properties: Yel. liq.; sol. in min. oil, IPA; insol. in water, propylene glycol; HLB 7.12; 25% as triglyceride Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Crossential® GLA TG40 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: γ-linolenic acid derived from borage seed oil See Linolenic acid CAS 463-40-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-334-8 Uses: Nutritional applics. Properties: Yel. liq.; sol. in min. oil, IPA; insol. in water, propylene glycol; HLB 7.21; 38% as triglyceride Crossential® GMO [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol monooleate See Glyceryl oleate Chem. Analysis: 90% monoester, 84% oleic acid CAS 37220-82-9; EINECS/ELINCS 247-038-6 Uses: W/o emulsifier and emulsion stabilizer in nutritional applics. Regulatory: EP, GRAS, FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide listed Properties: Yel. liq.; sol. in min. oil, IPA; insol. in water, propylene glycol; HLB 3.3; 38% as triglyceride Crossential® LN80 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: α-Linolenic acid See Linolenic acid Chem. Analysis: 80% min. free fatty acid purity CAS 463-40-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-334-8 Uses: Nutritional value in dietary applications; source of energy; dietary supplement in clinical nutrition Properties: Liq. Crossential® SA-14 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vipers bugloss (Echium plantagineum) oil Chem. Analysis: 88% unsaturated fatty acids of which 47% are n-3 and 25% are n-6 CAS 84988-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 284-877-7 Uses: Nutrient supplement Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA nonreportable Properties: Pale yel. oily liq.; sol. in min. oil, IPA; insol. in water, propylene glycol; sp.gr. < 1; HLB 18.58; acid no. 2.0 max. Toxicology: May cause sl. eye irritation Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Ingredients: None 204

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in cool, dry place Crust EZE [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour; diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; distilled monoglycerides; veg. oil (soybean oil); ascorbic acid; azodicarbonamide; fungal amylase; l-cysteine hydrochloride See L-Ascorbic acid; Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Dough conditioner, texturizer for crusty hard rolls, Italian and French bread, rolls; shelf life extender Use Level: 2% based on flour wt. Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos. Crystal Ace PL-300L [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled monoglyceride, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, fat, and oil Uses: Shortening base for cake Properties: Liq. Crystal Tex™ 627 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca dextrin Uses: Gellant, film-former, shelf life extender for panned confectionery, high-solids baked fillings, bakery and snack glazes; adhesion promoter, barrier in panned confectionery; carrier for spray-dried flavor and fragrance encapsulation Features: Exc. hydratability; rec. where immediate water binding is required, i.e., gumming and dusting applics.; low visc.; provides smooth mouthfeel; exc. sol'n. stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to yel. fine powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 34 (1%); 10% max. moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Crystal Tex™ 644 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca dextrin Uses: Gellant, film-former for confectionery, dairy desserts, soups, sauces, bakery/snack glazes, bakery fillings, dressings; gloss aid, strengthener, stabilizer, barrier aid for confectionery; fat mimetic and mouthfeel enhancer in dairy desserts, dressings; rheology control agent in soups, sauces; gloss aid in baker/snack glazes; crisping agent in coated prods. Features: Good fat barrier props.; hydrates easily above 75 C; very low hot visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to yel. fine powd.; dextrin odor; sl. sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 36 lb/ft3; pH 3-4 (1%); 10% max. moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; no hazard by ing.; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Crystal Tex™ 648 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca dextrin Uses: Gellant, film-former, structurizing agent, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer in confectionery, dairy desserts, bakery/snack glazes, bakery fillings, dressings, spreads; crisping agent in coated prods.; gloss aid, strengthener, stabilizer, barrier aid for confectionery; gum Arabic replacement in confectionery hard gums; fat mimetic and mouthfeel enhancer in dairy desserts, dressings, spreads; gloss aid in bakery/snack glazes Features: Hydrates easily above 75 C; very low 205

Part I: Trade Name Reference hot visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Creamy to wh. fine powd.; starch odor; neutral taste; sl. sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 3-4 (1%); 10% max. moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Crystalac® Confectioner's Glaze [Mantrose Bradshaw Zinsser http://www.mbzgroup.com] Uses: Glazing agent for confectionery Features: Minimizes tack and dries fast CrystalBan™ [Nutricepts http://www.nutricepts.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium gluconate CAS 527-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 208-407-7 Uses: Calcium lactate crystallization inhibitor, body enhancer, and yield improver for processed cheese; moisture migration inhibitor in the cheese block Features: Applied at the last or next to last salting stage in the same manner that sodium chloride salt is applied Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Wh. crystals; 30% thru 40 mesh; pH 6.8-7.5 (10% suspension); 99.5% Use Level: 0.6% and 0.9% of curd weight Storage: 2 yr. shelf life; store in dry area CrystaLean® [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Starch-based Uses: Bulking agent, texturizer, fiber, strengthener for baked prods., extruded snacks, cereals, diabetic and nutritional foods Features: Conc. source of resist. starch; provides controlled release of glucose; benefits of both sol. and insol. fiber Regulatory: Kosher Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. color; bland flavor; not gritty Crystal Gum™ [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca dextrin Uses: Gellant, film-former for pan coating of confections; glazing agent for cakes, donuts, fruit, nuts, and candies; gum Arabic replacement in hard candies; fat dispersant, butter flavor enhancer in butter sauces for frozen vegetables Features: Good clarity; resist. to cracking and chipping; nontacky Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to yel. powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; disp. in cold water, but optimal sol. @ 60-71 C; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 3.5 (1%); 7% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity CS-10FG [Ducey Chem.] Uses: Antifoam for direct food uses (wine, beverages, edible oils, seafood) Storage: 6 mos. shelf life CS-30FG [Ducey Chem.] Uses: Antifoam for direct food uses (wine, beverages, edible oils, seafood) Storage: 6 mos. shelf life CS-100FG [Ducey Chem.] Uses: Antifoam for direct food uses (wine, beverages, edible oils, seafood) Storage: 6 mos. shelf life CS-922 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sodium caseinate, spray dried Uses: Solubilizer for foods, imitation cheese, bakery prods., frozen dairy desserts, health foods, nutritional drinks Regulatory: Kosher 206

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine free-flowing powd.; clean/bland odor/flavor; pH 6.6-7.7; 6% moisture Storage: Store in cool, dry place C*Sorbidex C [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol syrup CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Humectant, shelf life extender for foods, chewing gum; sweetener Features: Crystallizing props. Properties: Syrup C*Sorbidex C 16121 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol liquid CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Humectant to extend shelf-life of foods, baked goods; noncariogenic sweetener for food Regulatory: USP/NF, EP, JP Properties: Cl. colorless syrup; sweet taste C*Sorbidex C 16122 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol liquid CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Humectant to extend shelf-life of foods, baked goods; noncariogenic sweetener for food Regulatory: USP/NF, EP, JP Properties: Cl. colorless syrup; sweet taste C*Sorbidex S 16603 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Cooling aid, hygroscopicity aid, solubilizer in chewing gum, biscuits, ginger bread, fruit fillings, and ice cream Regulatory: USP/NF, EP, JP Properties: Sweet taste; rapidly sol. in water C*Tex 06201 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, stabilizer, viscosifier for foods, esp. fruit pie fillings, chilled desserts, puddings, yogurt desserts, soups, sauces, gravies Features: Cook-up starch Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

C*Tex 06203 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, stabilizer, viscosifier for foods, esp. canned custards, puddings, salad dressings, mayonnaise, soups, sauces, gravies, ketchup Features: Cook-up starch Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*Tex 06204 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy maize starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Texturizer, stabilizer, viscosifier for foods, esp. baking stable fruit fillings, chilled puddings and desserts, canned custards, UHT puddings and desserts, ketchup and tomato sauces Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*Tex 06205 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, stabilizer, viscosifier for foods, esp. dry food mixes, soups, sauces, gravies, ketchup, baby foods, bakery prods. (fruit pie fillings), canned custards Features: Cook-up starch Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*Tex 06209 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, stabilizer, viscosifier for foods, esp. bakery prods. (cream fillings, fruit pie fillings), dry food mixes, soups, sauces, gravies, baby foods, chilled dairy desserts, puddings Features: Cook-up starch Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*Tex 06214 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, stabilizer, viscosifier for foods, esp. fruit pie fillings, chilled desserts, canned custards, dry food mixes, salad dressings, mayonnaise, soups, sauces, gravies, ketchup 207

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Cook-up starch Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*Tex 06218 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy maize starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Texturizer, stabilizer, viscosifier for foods, esp. pie fillings, quiche fillings, fruit desserts, dry mixes and food prods., baby foods Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*Tex 06219 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, stabilizer, viscosifier for foods, esp. dry food mixes, soups, sauces, gravies, baby foods, bakery prods. (cream fillings, fruit pie fillings, soft bread, cakes), chilled dairy desserts, puddings Features: Cook-up starch Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*Tex-Instant 12605 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized starch from waxy maize See Starch, pregelatinized CAS 977050-93-3 Uses: Texturizer, stabilizer for foods, esp. bakery prods. (instant fruit pie fillings, muffin/cake mixes, cookies, extruded snacks), instant puddings/soups/sauces/gravies, food powds., microwave foods, salad dressings, mayonnaise, beverage mixes, tomato sauces Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*Tex-Instant 12606 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized starch from waxy maize See Starch, pregelatinized CAS 977050-93-3 Uses: Texturizer, stabilizer for foods, esp. bakery prods. (instant cream/fruit pie fillings, muffin/cake mixes, frozen dough, extruded snacks), low-fat butter spreads, instant puddings/soups/sauces/gravies, salad dressings, mayonnaise Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

C*Tex-Instant 12612 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Uses: Visc. developer, stabilizer for instant cream fillings, instant pie fillings, quiche fillings, cake mixes Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified C*Tex-Instant 12616 [Cargill-Cerestar BVBA http://www.cargill.com/] Uses: Visc. developer, stabilizer for instant cream fillings, instant pie fillings, crackers, fresh cheese, cheese preps., cheese sauces, dry food mixes, instant pudding and desserts, instant sauces and gravies, instant soups, baby drinks, baby meals Regulatory: Kosher, Halal certified Culinox® 999® Food Grade Salt [Morton Salt http://www.mortonsalt.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chloride FCC CAS 7647-14-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-598-3 Uses: Salt for comminuted meats, baking, canning/pickling, cheese, confections, egg. prods., meat/poultry, margarine, spreads, peanut butter, mayonnaise, salad dressings Features: High purity food-grade; consistent saltiness intensity and stringent standards on visible, insol. extraneous material Properties: Cubic crystals; 44-64% retained on 50 mesh, 17-36% on 70 mesh; mean crystal size 340 µm; mean surf. area 84 cm2/g; bulk dens. 1.2-1.27 g/ml (loose); 99.97% NaCl Curafos® 11-2 [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate FCC, sodium polyphosphate glassy FCC See Pentasodium triphosphate; Sodium hexametaphosphate Uses: Food additive for meat, poultry, and seafood industries; enhances and stabilizes cured meat color, inhibits undesirable color changes and off-flavors, increases retention of natural juices in cured meat prods., beef roasts, fabricated meat; antioxidant providing better flavor and aroma; improves texture of final prod. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. gran., odorless; 1% max. on 20 mesh, 30% max. through 100 mesh; pH 9.19.8 (1%) Storage: Store cool and dry Curafos® 22-4 [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate 208

Part I: Trade Name Reference FCC, sodium polyphosphate glassy FCC See Pentasodium triphosphate; Sodium hexametaphosphate CAS 7758-29-4; 10124-56-8; EINECS/ELINCS 213-837-7; 233-343-1 Uses: Food additive, color enhancer, moisture retention aid for use in pickle sol'ns. for cured beef prods., corned beef, pastrami, cured pork prods., bacon Features: Provides more rapid cure color development, better natural juice retention, reduced shrinkage Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. gran., odorless; 1% max. on 20 mesh, 30% max. through 100 mesh; pH 8.89.2 (1%) Storage: Store cool and dry Curafos® Optibind [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate FCC, Trisodium diphosphate See Pentasodium triphosphate; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate CAS 7758-29-4; 7722-88-5; 14691-80-6; EINECS/ELINCS 213-837-7; 231-767-1 Uses: Yield and appearance enhancer in processed meat prods. Features: Food grade Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. gran., odorless; sol. in water; pH 9.3 (1% sol'n.); hygroscopic; < 30% Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust); may cause eye, skin, and resp. tract irritation; low acute dermal toxicity; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid direct or prolonged contact with skin and eyes, breathing dust, extreme humidity, strong acids and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: POx and SOx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 18 mos. shelf life; store cool and dry in tightly closed container Curafos® STPP [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate FCC See Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 7758-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-694-5 UN 3077 Uses: Food additive for meat processing, poultry, and seafood industries, processed foods, confections Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1810; SARA nonhazardous; kosher; Canada DSL, Australia AICS, Japan MITI listed Properties: Wh. gran. or powd.; 1% max. on 20 mesh, 20 max. through 100 mesh (gran.), 1% max. on 40 mesh, 80% min. through 100 mesh (powd.); odorless; m.w. 368; sol. 13% in water; m.p. 622 C; pH 9.5-10.3 (1%); noncombustible; 85% min. assay Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3; may cause sl. eye irritation, skin irritation; inh. of dusts may cause upper respiratory tract irritation; ing. of lg. quantities may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin discoloration, dec. blood pressure/heart rate, coma; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT environmental hazard; incompat. with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents; avoid water Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: NaOx, POx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 18 mos. shelf life; hygroscopic; store in cool, dry area in tightly closed containers Curafos® Stabilcolor [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate FCC, Trisodium diphosphate CAS 14691-80-6 Uses: Binding agent and appearance enhancer in processed meat prods., poultry, and seafood products Features: Food grade Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. gran., odorless powd.; sol. in water; dens. 0.7-0.8 g/ml; m.p. > 600 C; pH 7.1 (1% sol'n.); hygroscopic; 100% Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust); may cause eye, skin, and resp. tract irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid direct or prolonged contact with skin and eyes, breathing dust, extreme humidity, strong acids and oxidizing agents NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store cool and dry in tightly closed container Curafos® Optibalance [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate FCC, Trisodium diphosphate See Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 7758-29-4; 14691-80-6; EINECS/ELINCS 213-837-7 209

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Yield and appearance enhancer in processed meat prods. Regulatory: Kosher; FCC Properties: Wh. gran., odorless; > 90% thru #20 mesh, < 35% thru #100 mesh; bulk dens. 0.6g/cc (loose); pH 8.3-8.9 (1% sol'n.); hygroscopic Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust); TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid direct or prolonged contact with skin and eyes, breathing dust, extreme humidity, strong acids and oxidizing agents NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 18 mos. shelf life; store cool and dry Curavis® 250 [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium hexametaphosphate FCC, sodium tripolyphosphate FCC, sodium acid pyrophosphate FCC See Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 10124-56-8; 7758-29-4; 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 233-343-1; 213-837-7; 231835-0 Uses: Food additive, protein binder, emulsion stabilizer, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer, color enhancer, color stabilizer for cooked sausage items such as franks, bologna, Vienna sausage, knockwurst Regulatory: FCC, USDA, kosher approved Properties: Wh. gran., odorless; 5% max. on 20 mesh, 30% max. through 100 mesh; pH 7.68.1 (1%) Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust) ; LD50 (dermal, rabbit) > 4640 mg/kg; eye, skin, and resp. tract irritant; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid direct or prolonged contact with skin and eyes, breathing dust, extreme humidity, strong acids and oxidizing agents NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store cool and dry in tightly closed container isolated from all toxic and harmful substances Curavis® 350 [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium hexametaphosphate FCC, sodium tripolyphosphate FCC, sodium acid pyrophosphate FCC See Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 10124-56-8; 7758-29-4; 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 233-343-1; 213-837-7; 231835-0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Food additive, color enhancer in cooked sausage prods., franks, bologna, Vienna sausage, knockwurst Features: Developed to allow faster cure color development; rec. for rapid processing techniques Regulatory: USDA, kosher approved Properties: Wh. gran, odorless; 5% max. on 20 mesh, 30% max. through 100 mesh; pH 7.07.5 (1%) Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust) ; LD50 (dermal, rabbit) > 4640 mg/kg; eye, skin, and resp. tract irritant; noncarcinogenic Precaution: Avoid direct or prolonged contact with skin and eyes, breathing dust, extreme humidity, strong acids and oxidizing agents NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store cool and dry CVC™ Type A Coated Ascorbic Acid [BASF http://www.basf.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ascorbic acid and Ethylcellulose (≈ 1.2%) See L-Ascorbic acid CAS 50-81-7; 9004-57-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200066-2 Uses: Dietary supplement for food Regulatory: USP/FCC Properties: Wh. fine gran. powd.; almost odorless; particle size US Sieve #30 (600μ) min. 99% thru; m.w. 176.1; ≈ 97% act. Storage: 42 months shelf-life; store in tightly closed containers @ R.T; protect from light and in a dry place Cyanox® 1212 [Cytec Ind./Polymer Addit.] Chem. Descrip.: Mixed lauryl-stearyl thiodipropionate See Lauryl/stearyl thiodipropionate Uses: Antioxidant for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS (0.02% max. total antioxidants) Properties: Wh. waxy cryst. flakes, char. sweet ester odor; sol. (g/100 g): 30.0 g in toluene, 4.2 g in n-heptane; 0.05 g in water and 95% ethanol; sp.gr. 1.018; bulk dens. 27.6 lb/ft3; vapor pressure 2.7 mm Hg (163 C); m.p. 50 C; acid no. 1.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg (estimate), (dermal, rabbit) > 2 g/kg (estimate); minimal eye and skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxides 210

Part I: Trade Name Reference of sulfur Cyanox® LTDP [Cytec Ind./Polymer Addit.] Chem. Descrip.: Dilauryl thiodipropionate CAS 123-28-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-614-1 Uses: Preservative for foods; antioxidant migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §181.24, 182.3280, GRAS; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS listed Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., char. sweet ester odor; sol. (g/100 g): 51.2 g in MEK and acetone, 40.5 g in n-heptane, 39.4 g in ethyl acetate; < 0.5 g in 95% ethanol; m.w. 514; sp.gr. 0.915 (50 C); bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3; vapor pressure 0.2 mm Hg (163 C); m.p. 40 C; acid no. 1.0; decomp. temp. > 300 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 25 g/kg (estimate), (dermal, rabbit) > 10 g/kg (estimate); LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) > 3000 ppm; direct contact may cause mild eye and skin irritation; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Cyanox® STDP [Cytec Ind./Polymer Addit.] Chem. Descrip.: Distearyl thiodipropionate CAS 693-36-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-750-5 Uses: Antioxidant migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §181.24; GRAS (200 ppm max.) Properties: Wh. waxy cryst. flakes, char. sweet ester odor; sol. (g/100 g): 10.7 g in toluene, 1.5 g in n-heptane; < 0.5 g in ethyl acetate, 95% ethanol, and MEK; m.w. 683; sp.gr. 1.027; dens. 4.18 lb/gal; bulk dens. 26.9 lb/ft3; vapor pressure 0.15 mm (162 C); m.p. 64 C; acid no. 1.5 max. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg (estimate), (dermal, rabbit) > 2 g/kg (estimate); direct contact may cause minimal eye and skin irritation; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, oxides of sulfur Cysteine Peption [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: whey protein-hydrolyzate CAS 84082-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7 Uses: Dietary supplement for powders, bars and acid-based drinks Features: Benefits the liver and antioxidant redox state

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Dairyland C 270 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sweet dairy whey; nonfat dry milk; sodium caseinate; disodium phosphate See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Uses: Supplement, nonfat dry milk substitute in baking goods, cakes, cream fillings, sweets Features: Eliminates the soy flour flavor assoc. with soy/whey blends, esp. in cakes and delicate flavored sweet goods Properties: 4% moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use DARILOID® [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: sodium alginate, dextrin, phosphoric acid, trisodium salt See Algin; Sodium phosphate tribasic CAS 9005-38-3; 9004-53-9; 7601-54-9 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for dairy prods.; thickener for foods, chocolate milk, softserve frozen desserts, ice cream, ice milk, custard, variegated syrup, fudge toppings, puddings, pie filings, cheese dips, eggnog, whipping cream Regulatory: Canada DSL; Australia AICS Properties: Lt. ivory gran.; sl. odor; 42 mesh; milk-sol. at pasteurization temps.; sol. in water; pH 10 (1%) Toxicology: Nuisance dust; may cause mild irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear safety glasses, gloves; slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers; minimize dust generation, accumulation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place out of direct sunlight; keep container tightly closed Dariloid® QH [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Buffered standardized sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, stabilizer for instant powd. mixes, puddings, cheesecake mix, whipped toppings, bakery fillings, instant egg nog, milk shake, and dessert dry mixes 211

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS; kosher Properties: Lt. ivory fine gran. powd.; 100 mesh; milk-sol.; pH 10.2 (1%) Darimix SD-101 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Solubilized reconstructed milk prod. from dairy derived ingreds. Chem. Analysis: 5.0% moisture; <1.0% fat; 51% lactose Uses: Nonfat milk powd. replacement for baked goods Features: Nutritional, physical and chem. props. of nonfat milk solids at significant cost savings Regulatory: Kosher Properties: pH 6.3-6.7; 35% protein Storage: Store in cool, dry area Dark Rye Sour [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Sour for darkest of rye breads DATEM [Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il] Chem. Descrip.: DATA esters of mono and diglycerides Uses: Emulsifier for food DC-103 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Analysis: 8.5-10% moisture Uses: Dough conditioner for pizza dough, short-time dough systems Features: Produces more uniform crust, improved sheeting and pressing, better water absorp.; standardizes prod. volume Regulatory: Kosher Properties: pH 3.0-4.0 Use Level: 0.5-1% on flour wt. Storage: Store in cool, dry area DC-203CX [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Analysis: 8.5-10% moisture Uses: Dough conditioner, antisticking agent for tortilla dough, short-time dough systems Features: Produces more flexible tortilla, improved sheeting and pressing, better water absorp.; standardizes prod. volume Regulatory: Kosher Properties: pH 3.0-4.0 Use Level: 0.5-1% on flour wt. Storage: Store in cool, dry area

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

DCF™ [Cargill Flavor Systems http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/] Uses: Butter flavor in food Features: Variety of flavor profiles available Properties: Liq. De-Mol® Dry Molasses Powder [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: 70% Molasses See Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) Chem. Analysis: 13% max. ash; 3.5% max. moisture; 9.5 max. protein CAS 68476-78-8 Uses: Sweetener for cakes and baking mixes Features: Used where low water absorption ingredients are necessary Properties: Dark rich brn. free-flowing powd.; 98% min. thru 25 USBS, 30-50% thru USBS #100 Storage: Shelf life up to 18 mos. if containers are unopened; store at RT Decaglyn 1-L [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 laurate CAS 34406-66-1 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant for foods Features: Hydrophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Pale yel. visc. liq.; HLB 15.5; nonionic; 100% conc. Decaglyn 1-LN [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 linoleate CAS 102643-06-1 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant for foods Features: Hydrophilic Properties: Pale yel. visc. liq.; HLB 12.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Decaglyn 1-M [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 myristate CAS 87390-32-7 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant for foods Features: Hydrophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Pale yel. visc. liq.; HLB 14.0; nonionic; 100% conc.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Decaglyn 1-OV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 279-230-0 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant for foods Features: Hydrophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Pale yel. visc. liq.; HLB 12.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed Decaglyn 1-SV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 stearate CAS 79777-30-3 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant for foods Features: Hydrophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Pale yel. plate; HLB 12.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Decaglyn 2-SV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 distearate CAS 12764-60-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier for foods Features: Hydrophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Pale yel. plate; HLB 9.5; nonionic; 100% conc. Decanox MTS-30P [ADM Supplements http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: mixed tocopherols (d-forms of alpha, beta, gamma, and delta tocopherols) derived from edible vegetable oils Uses: Natural antioxidant product used in food, dietary supplements to delay the onset of rancidity and extend shelf life of waterbased systems containing fats and oils; fortifier for foods and beverages Regulatory: Kosher, USP, FCC Properties: Tan, wh. free-flowing granular powd.; little or no odor or taste; 300 mg/g min. tocopherols, 22 mg/g min. d-alpha Precaution: May oxidize upon exposure to air and light.; do not expose to alkalis or strong oxidizing agents Storage: Shelf life 12 mos.; store in tightly closed containers protected from light, heat, and air Decanox MTS-50 [ADM Supplements http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: mixed tocopherols (d-forms of Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

alpha, beta, gamma, and delta tocopherols) derived from edible vegetable oils Uses: Natural antioxidant product used in food to delay the onset of rancidity and extend shelf life of water-based systems containing fats and oils; fortifier for foods Regulatory: Kosher, USP, FCC Properties: Clear, brownish red, visc. oil.; typical veg. odor; mild characteristic taste; sp. gr. 0.93; 500 mg/g min. tocopherols; 100 mg/g max. d-alpha Precaution: May oxidize upon exposure to air and light.; do not expose to alkalis or transition metals Storage: Shelf life 36 mos. Decanox MTS-70 [ADM Supplements http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: mixed tocopherols (d-forms of alpha, beta, gamma, and delta tocopherols) derived from edible vegetable oils Uses: Natural antioxidant product used in food to delay the onset of rancidity and extend shelf life of water-based systems containing fats and oils Regulatory: Kosher, USP, FCC Properties: Clear, brownish red, visc. oil.; typical veg. odor; mild characteristic taste; sp. gr. 0.93; 700 mg/g min. tocopherols; 140 mg/g alpha max. Precaution: May oxidize upon exposure to air and light.; do not expose to alkalis or transition metals Storage: Shelf life 36 mos. Defatted Beef Liver Granular [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried defatted granular form processed from beef livers Chem. Analysis: 6% max. loss on drying Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Gran. Storage: Store in cool dry area Defatted Wheat Germ #1 [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Uses: Flavoring agent, nutrient, protein source, dietary fiber in cereals, baked goods, granola bars, crackers, toppings Properties: Lt. tan gran. with dark speckling Defatted Wheat Germ #2 [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See 213

Part I: Trade Name Reference Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: Moisture 5.0% max.; fat 1.0% max.; protein 30% min. Uses: Flavoring agent, nutrient, protein source, dietary fiber in cereals, breads, muffins, biscuits, cakes, bagels, donuts, granola bars, crackers, toppings Properties: Tan to dk. brn. grans.; 100% through USS #10, 15% through USS #80; char. wheat germ flavor Defatted Wheat Germ #3 [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: Moisture 7.0% max.; fat 1.0% max.; protein 30% min. Uses: Flavoring agent, nutrient, protein source, dietary fiber in batter mixes, flour blends, filler for meat prods., sauces, seasoning carrier Properties: Lt. tan; flour-like consistency; nat. wheat grain flavor Defatted Wheat Germ #5 [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: Moisture 7.0% max.; fat 1.0% max.; protein 30% min. Uses: Flavoring agent, nutrient, protein source, dietary fiber in cereals, breads, muffins, biscuits, cakes, bagels, donuts, granola bars, crackers, toppings Properties: Dk. tan gran. with dk. tan speckling; nat. wheat germ flavor Defatted Wheat Germ #6 [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: Moisture 7.0% max.; fat 1.0% max.; protein 30% min. Uses: Flavoring agent, nutrient, protein source, dietary fiber in cereals, breads, muffins, biscuits, cakes, bagels, donuts, granola bars, crackers, toppings Properties: Speckled, lt. and dk. tan; 100% through USS #60 screen; toasted, nat. wheat germ flavor Defatted Wheat Germ #8 [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: Moisture 7.0% max.; fat 1.0% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

max.; protein 30% min. Uses: Flavoring agent, nutrient, protein source, dietary fiber in cereals, breads, muffins, biscuits, cakes, bagels, donuts, granola bars, crackers, toppings Properties: Med. tan with dk. speckling; toasted nut-like flavor Defatted Wheat Germ #9 [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: Moisture 7.0% max.; fat 1.0% max.; protein 30% min. Uses: Flavoring agent, nutrient, protein source, dietary fiber in batter mixes, flour blends, filler for meat prods., sauces, seasoning carrier, tablet and capsule filler Properties: Med. brn.; flour-like consistency; toasty flavor with mild, lingering, nut-like taste Degressal® SD 22 [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Fatty alcohol alkoxylate Uses: Defoamer for sugar processing Features: Effective over wide temp. range Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohols, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons; sol. hazy in water, 5% HCl; partly sol. in petrol. oils; dens. 1.00 g/cm3 (23 C); visc. 100 mPa·s; set pt. -10 C; acid no. 0; 100% act. Degressal® SD 23 [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Alcohol alkoxylate Uses: Defoamer for sugar processing Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohols, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons; insol. in water, petrol. oils; dens. 1.02 g/cm3 (23 C); visc. 800 mPa·s; set pt. -30 C; acid no. 0; 100% act. Delios® [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Medium chain triglycerides Uses: Nutrient, solvent for rapid absorp. and metabolization of fat for dietetic foods; absorbent, solvent for foods (baby food, health foods, diet foods, sports food); solvent for aromas, vitamins, colorants; base for pan release compds.; glazing agent, antisticking agent for food, esp. confectionery Features: Exc. oxidation stability Delios® C [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Capric acid triglyceride See 214

Part I: Trade Name Reference Capric triglyceride Uses: Solv. for flavors and oil-sol. food additives; component for glazing and release agents; surf. treating agent for dried fruits, confectionery; fat malabsorption for dietary foodstuffs; fat for icings, fat powds.; ingred. for sports food Features: Exc. oxidative stability; precise and narrow m.p. Properties: Wh. cryst. mass, neutral odor, sl. to coconut taste; m.p. 30 C; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 300; hyd. no. 5 max. Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions in tightly closed containers below 25 C; 18 mos. storage life in original pkg. Delios® S [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Solvent for flavors and oil-sol. food additives for dietetic prods., sport foods; glazing and release agent for dried fruit and confectionery; lubricant, release agent for baked goods; antidusting agent; visc. reducer Features: Also avail. as kosher grade (Delios SU); very good oxidation stability Properties: Colorless to sl. ylsh. liq., neutral odor, sl. coconut taste; misc. with ethanol; visc. 27 mPa·s; cloud pt. 0 C max.; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 335-350; hyd. no. 5 max.; 70% caprylic acid, 30% capric acid Storage: Store in tightly closed containers @ 030 C; avoid contact with water; 18 mos. storage life in original pkg. Delios® V [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric acid triglyceride See Caprylic/capric triglyceride Chem. Analysis: 60% caprylic acid, 40% capric acid. CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Solv. for flavors and oil-sol. food additives; exc. oxidation stability; for dietetic prods., sport foods; glazing and release agent for dried fruit and confectionery Features: Exc. oxidation stability Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., neutral odor, sl. to coconut taste; misc. with ethanol; visc. 30 mPa·s; cloud pt. 0 C max.; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 330-345; hyd. no. 5 max. Storage: Store in tightly closed containers @ 0Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

30 C; avoid contact with water; 18 mos. storage life in original pkg. Delios® VK [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric acid triglyceride See Caprylic/capric triglyceride Chem. Analysis: 54-64% caprylic acid, 34-46% capric acid CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Solvent for flavors and oil-sol. food additives for dietetic prods., sport foods; glazing and release agent for dried fruit and confectionery; antidusting agent; visc. reducer for lecithin Features: Exc. oxidation stability; good cold water stability; low visc. Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., neutral odor, sl. to coconut taste; misc. with ethanol; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 330-345; hyd. no. 5 max. Storage: Store in tightly closed containers @ 030 C; avoid contact with water; 24 mos. storage life in original pkg. Delta™ 7393 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from dent and waxy corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Cook-up starch, bodying agent, texturizer, flavoring agent for spoonable salad dressings; bodying agent, mouthfeel improver, gelling agent, process stability improver, shelf-life improver, freshness improver, temp./pH/shear/freeze-thaw stabilizer, visc. control agent in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Features: Provides low pH stability, high shear tolerance, good stability to cold Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; pH 5.5; 11% moisture Delta™ SD 7393 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from dent and waxy corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Cook-up starch, bodying agent, texturizer, flavoring agent for spoonable salad dressings Features: Provides low pH stability, high shear tolerance, good stability to cold Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; pH 5.5; 11% moisture Delvo-Add™ [DSM Food Spec. 215

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.dsm.com] Uses: Starter culture, flavor enhancer, texturizer for cheese and for fermented milk applics. Delvocid® [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natamycin-based CAS 7681-93-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-683-5 Uses: Antimycotic that is active against all yeasts and molds for cheeses Features: Potent at extremely low concs.; improves product quality and appearance and yields substantial savings without affecting color, smell, or taste Delvocid® Dip [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natamycin-based CAS 7681-93-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-683-5 Uses: Antimycotic for making a dipping suspension for the surface treatment of cheese Features: Potent at extremely low concs.; improves the distribution of natamycin in the dipping bath as well as the adhesion of the suspension to the whole cheese surface Delvocid® XT [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natamycin-based CAS 7681-93-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-683-5 Uses: Antimycotic for making a suspension for dip and spray applications for the surface treatment of cheeseblocks and shredded cheese Features: Potent at extremely low concs.; easily sprayable and improves the distribution of natamycin in the suspension as well as the adhesion of the suspension to the whole cheese surface Delvocid® XT2 [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natamycin-based CAS 7681-93-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-683-5 Uses: Antimycotic developed for making a solution for spray applications for the surface treatment of shredded cheese Features: Potent at extremely low concs.; easily sprayable and improves the distribution of natamycin in the suspension as well as the adhesion of the suspension to the whole cheese surface Delvo-Pro™ [DSM Food Spec. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.dsm.com] Uses: Starter culture for mild yogurt and fermented milk prods.; probiotic functionality Delvo-Tam™ [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Uses: Starter culture for cheese and fermented milk prods. Delvo-Tec™ [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Uses: Starter culture for cheese and dairy prods. Features: Reliable and controllable acidification Delvowax® [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: mixtures of paraffin waxes, microcrystalline waxes, and various elastiticity improving polymers See Microcrystalline wax; Paraffin CAS 8002-74-2; 8063-08-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6; 264-038-1 Uses: Moisture barrier for cheese Features: Fully refined, food grade; can be supplied with various melting temps. and in a variety of colors; cheeses are dipped in it after which the wax solidifies and adheres to the cheese surface Properties: Liq. Delvozyme® [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lysozyme-based formulated product CAS 9001-63-2 Uses: Antimicrobial for ripened cheese; effective against vegetative cells of [l]Clostridium tyrobutyricum[r] that may cause defects such as off-flavors, butyric rancidity, and the phenomenon of ‘late blowing’; antibacterial in alcoholic fermentation. Properties: Wh. granules; 95% act. Use Level: 250 to 350 mg/l in fermentation for wine Storage: 24 mos. shelf-life in unopened containers; store @ 5 - 15 C Delvozyme® G [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lysozyme-based formulated product CAS 9001-63-2 Uses: Antimicrobial for the prevention of late blowing in hard and semihard cheese with medium to long ripening times at elevated 216

Part I: Trade Name Reference temps. Properties: Granulate Delvozyme® G [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lysozyme-based formulated product CAS 9001-63-2 Uses: Antimicrobial for the prevention of late blowing in hard and semihard cheese with medium to long ripening times at elevated temps. Properties: Granulate Delvozyme® L [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Chicken egg white Lysozymebased formulated product CAS 9001-63-2 Uses: Antimicrobial for the prevention of late blowing in hard and semi-hard cheese with medium to long ripening times at elevated temps. Properties: Liq. DeMIDE RCN-ME-100 [DeForest Enterprises http://www.deforest.net] Chem. Descrip.: Cocamide DEA (1:1) CAS 61791-31-9; EINECS/ELINCS 263-163-9 Uses: Adjuvant for pesticides; delinting cottonseed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 173.322, 175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3120; DOT nonregulated Properties: Lt. amber visc. liq.; sol. or disp. in most solvs.; insol. or disp. in water, oils, and fats; sp.gr. 1.0 g/ml; b.p. > 300 F; flash pt. (COC) > 300 F; pH 8.0-11.0 (10% in DW); nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (rat) 2.7 g/kg; severe eye irritant; skin irritant, prolonged contact may cause burns; ing. may cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; inh. may cause coughing, headache, and nausea; contains DEA: LD50 (oral, rat) 710 mg/kg Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Ingredients: DEA (7% max.) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: COx, NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 De-Mol® Molasses Flake [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Molasses See Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chem. Analysis: 4% max. moisture Uses: Sweetener in desserts, gingerbread, and mixes Properties: Dark brn. flake; 70% molasses Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store at room temp. 65-75 F; recommend stacking prod. at no more than two pallets high Dependox AXC [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Soy flour, ascorbic acid, mono-diglycerides, datem, ADA, corn starch, enzyme, and sunflower oil See LAscorbic acid; Corn (Zea mays) starch; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil Uses: Bromate replacer, dough improver in bread, buns Properties: Powd.; 5-8% moisture; 32-36% protein Descote® Ascorbic Acid 60% [Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Encapsulated ascorbic acid USP; each gram of coated prod. contains 600 mg ascorbic acid in edible matrix See LAscorbic acid Uses: Encapsulated ingreds. providing taste/odor masking and preventing interaction of actives for foods, nutritional supplements and powds., weight loss supplements, health bars Properties: Wh. to off-wh. relatively free-flowing material with some soft agglomerates, sl. char. odor, satisfactory taste; 95% min. through 20 mesh, 20% max. through 100 mesh; 58.8% min. assay Storage: Physically/chemically stable when stored in cool, dry area, preferably @ 59-86 F Descote® Niacinamide 331/3% [Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Encapsulated niacinamide USP/FCC; each gram of coated prod. contains 333 mg niacinamide in edible coating of stearic acid with 1% silicon dioxide NF as flow agent See Silica Uses: Encapsulated ingreds. providing taste/odor masking and preventing interaction of actives in dry foods Regulatory: Niacinamide is FDA GRAS as a nutrient; stearic acid is edible food grade Properties: Pract. wh. relatively free-flowing 217

Part I: Trade Name Reference powd., sl. char odor, satisfactory taste; 99% min. through 20 mesh, 65% min. through 60 mesh; 32.6% min. assay Storage: Physically/chemically stable for 2 yrs. when stored in cool, dry area @ 59-86 F Descote® Pyridoxine Hydrochoride 331/3% [Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Encapsulated pyridoxine hydrochloride; each gram of coated prod. contains 333 mg pyridoxine hydrochloride in edible coating of mono- and diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Pyridoxine HCl Uses: Encapsulated ingreds. providing taste/odor masking and preventing interaction of actives in dry foods Regulatory: Pyridoxine HCl is FDA GRAS as a nutrient; coating materials are edible food grade prods. Properties: Pract. wh. relatively free-flowing powd., sl. char odor, satisfactory taste; 99% min.through 20 mesh, 80% min. through 60 mesh; 32.6% min. assay Storage: Physically/chemically stable when stored in cool, dry area @ 59-86 F Descote® Riboflavin 331/3% [Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Encapsulated riboflavin USP/FCC; each gram of coated prod. contains 333 mg ribovlavin in edible coating of monoand diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Encapsulated ingreds. providing taste/odor masking and preventing interaction of actives in dry foods Regulatory: Riboflavin is FDA GRAS as a nutrient; coating materials are edible food grade prods. Properties: Orange-brn. relatively free-flowing powd., sl. char odor, satisfactory taste; 99% min. through 20 mesh, 60% min. through 60 mesh; 32.6% min. assay Storage: Physically/chemically stable for 2 yrs. when stored in cool, dry area @ 59-86 F Descote® Thiamine Mononitrate 331/3% [Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Encapsulated thiamine mononitrate USP/FCC; each gram of coated prod. contains 333 mg of it in edible coating of mono- and diglycerides See Carbonyl fluoride; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acids; Thiamine nitrate CAS 532-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 208-537-4 Uses: Encapsulated ingreds. providing taste/odor masking and preventing interaction of actives in dry foods Regulatory: Thiamine mononitrate is FDA GRAS as a nutrient; coating materials are edible food grade prods. Properties: Pract. wh. relatively free-flowing powd., sl. char odor, satisfactory taste; 99% min. through 20 mesh, 65% min. through 60 mesh; 32.6% min. assay Storage: Physically/chemically stable for 2 yrs. when stored in cool, dry area @ 59-86 F Desiccated Beef Liver Granular Undefatted [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried undefatted granular form processed from beef livers Chem. Analysis: 6% max. loss on drying Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Lt.-tan to dk.-brown powd. Storage: Store in a cool dry place Desiccated Beef Liver Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried, undefatted powd. processed from beef livers Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Desiccated Beef Liver Powder Defatted [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried, defatted powd. processed from beef livers Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Desiccated Hog Bile [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried prod. from fresh hog bile contg. hyodeoxycholic acid, sodium glycohyodeoxycholate, sodium taurohydeoxycholate Uses: Nutritive food additive Storage: Preserve in tight containers with moisture-proof liners, in cool, dry place Desiccated Ox Bile [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried ox bile Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd.; pH 6.5-7.5 Storage: Preserve in tight containers with moisture-proof liners, in cool, dry place 218

Part I: Trade Name Reference Desiccated Pork Liver Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried, undefatted powd. processed from pork livers Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Detergent CR [Arol Chem. Prods.] Chem. Descrip.: Fatty ethanolamine condensate Uses: Detergent, wetting agent, emulsifier, thickener for foods Properties: Pale amber liq.; mild odor; readily sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.01; 100% act. DEXSTAR™ Agglomerated Dextrose [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: dextrose and maltodextrin See Glucose CAS 50-99-7; 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 232-940-4 Uses: Sweetener for beverages, confectionery, and seasoning blends Features: Manufactured under environmentalycontrolled conditions; exhibits excellent purity and uniformity Dextranase L Amano [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp; Amano Enzyme USA; Unipex http://www.unipex.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextranase from Leuconostoc mesenteroideserraticum CAS 9025-70-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-803-9 Uses: Enzyme for sugar refining; improves the purification process of cane sugar Properties: Lt. brn. liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water; pH 6.0-8.5 Environmental: biodeg.; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator approved for this type of aerosols and potential airborne concs. latex gloves and protective glasses; avoid formation of aerosols, splashing, and high-pressure washing Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry place with good ventilation DextriPlus™ HSPR05 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Rice oligodextrin Chem. Analysis: ≈ 3% protein Uses: Visc. and body modifier for liq. systems; flavor carrier; hypoallergenic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

prods.; oral rehydration and sports beverage/carbohydrate loading prods.; control of osmolality; bulking agent; cryst. inhibitor Features: Similar D.E. and functionality to maltodextrin Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Bland taste; disp. readily into aq. sol'ns.; DE 5; pH 6.5-6.7 (10% in DI water) DextriPlus™ HSPR18 [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Rice oligodextrin Chem. Analysis: ≈ 3% protein Uses: Visc. and body modifier for liq. systems; flavor carrier; hypoallergenic prods.; oral rehydration and sports beverage/carbohydrate loading prods.; control of osmolality; bulking agent; cryst. inhibitor Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Bland taste; disp. readily into aq. sol'ns.; DE 18; pH 6.5-6.7 (10% in DI water) Dextrofin® [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose See Glucose CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener for foods DGMS [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-2 stearate CAS 12694-22-3; EINECS/ELINCS 235-777-7 Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Pale yel. solid; HLB 5.0; nonionic; 100% conc. DHA Beadlets Type 15 [LycoRed USA http://www.lycored.com] Chem. Descrip.: Docosahexaenoic acid Chem. Analysis: 8% moisture CAS 25167-62-8 Uses: Dietary supplement in food premixes Properties: Beige to lt. tan beadlets; char. odor; 100% through #20 U.S. Std. Sieve; 150 mg/g DHA Storage: Store @ 4 C for optimum stability Dhasco® [Martek Biosciences http://www.martekbio.com] Chem. Descrip.: Docosahexaenoic acid (40%) CAS 25167-62-8 Uses: Vegetable oil from marine microalgae to supplement infant formulas (in conjunction with RBD-Arasco®) Regulatory: GRAS 219

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Yel.-orange cl. liq. DiaFil® 525 [World Minerals http://www.worldminerals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Amorphous diatomite See Diatomaceous earth, amorphous Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (93%), Al2O3 (3%), Fe2O3 (1.3%), CaO (1.1%), cryst. silica (< 1%) CAS 61790-53-2 Uses: Filler for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC compliance; EPA reg. no. 59910-1 Properties: Sl. off-wh. fine powd.; odorless; 16 µ median particle size; fineness (Hegman) 1-2; sp.gr. 2.2; dens. 18.28 lb/solid gal; bulking value 0.055 gal/lb; surf. area 26-28 m2/g; oil absorp. 112-116; ref. index 1.43; pH 7.5-8.5 DiaFil® 530 [World Minerals http://www.worldminerals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Amorphous diatomite See Diatomaceous earth, amorphous Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (93%), Al2O3 (3%), Fe2O3 (1.3%), CaO (1.1%), cryst. silica (< 1%) CAS 61790-53-2 Uses: Filler for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC compliance; EPA reg. no. 59910-1 Properties: Sl. off-wh. fine powd.; odorless; 12 µ median particle size; fineness (Hegman) 2-3; sp.gr. 2.2; dens. 18.28 lb/solid gal; bulking value 0.055 gal/lb; surf. area 26-28 m2/g; oil absorp. 112-116; ref. index 1.43; pH 7.5-8.5 DiaFil® 570 [World Minerals http://www.worldminerals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Amorphous diatomite See Diatomaceous earth, amorphous Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (93%), Al2O3 (3%), Fe2O3 (1.3%), CaO (1.1%), cryst. silica (< 1%) CAS 61790-53-2 Uses: Filler for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC compliance; EPA reg. no. 59910-1 Properties: Sl. off-wh. fine powd.; odorless; 9 µ median particle size; fineness (Hegman) 4-4.5; sp.gr. 2.2; dens. 18.28 lb/solid gal; bulking value 0.055 gal/lb; surf. area 26-28 m2/g; oil absorp. 112-116; ref. index 1.43; pH 7.5-8.5 DiaFil® 590 [World Minerals http://www.worldminerals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Amorphous diatomite See Diatomaceous earth, amorphous Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (93%), Al2O3 (3%), Fe2O3 (1.3%), CaO (1.1%), cryst. silica (< 1%) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 61790-53-2 Uses: Filler for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC compliance; EPA reg. no. 59910-1 Properties: Sl. off-wh. fine powd.; odorless; 6 µ median particle size; fineness (Hegman) 5.56.0; sp.gr. 2.2; dens. 18.28 lb/solid gal; bulking value 0.055 gal/lb; surf. area 26-28 m2/g; oil absorp. 112-116; ref. index 1.43; pH 7.5-8.5 Diagum LBG [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, suspending agent, water binder for food use; low cold sol'n. visc., post-cooked sol'n. visc. in 3000 cps range; min. bacteria count that meets or exceeds all food standards Diaion HP10 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: High porous polymer Uses: Syn. adsorbent for vitamins, enzymes, fatty acids, other bioactive substances; decolorization applics. Diaion® HP30 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: High porous polymer Uses: Syn. adsorbent for vitamins, enzymes, fatty acids, other bioactive substances; decolorization applics. Diaion® HP40 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: High porous polymer Uses: Syn. adsorbent for vitamins, enzymes, fatty acids, other bioactive substances; decolorization applics. Diaion® HP50 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: High porous polymer Uses: Syn. adsorbent for vitamins, enzymes, fatty acids, other bioactive substances; decolorization applics. Diaion® SA20A [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Polystyrene CAS 9003-53-6; EINECS/ELINCS 202-851-5 Uses: Ion-exchange resin for purification of foods and potable water (removes undesirable ions) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.25 220

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Gel; 300-1180 µ particle size; dens. 1.13 g/l (wet); anionic Precaution: Avoid exposure to high temp., sparks, flames, etc. and mixing with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place with good ventilation; at high temp., rapid degradation of resins may occur; below 0 C, freezing of resins may occur Diaion® SA21A [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Polystyrene CAS 9003-53-6; EINECS/ELINCS 202-851-5 Uses: Ion-exchange resin for purification of foods and potable water (removes undesirable ions) Features: Very low crosslinking Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.25 Properties: Gel; 300-1180 µ particle size; dens. 1.09 g/l (wet); anionic Precaution: Avoid exposure to high temp., sparks, flames, etc. and mixing with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place with good ventilation; at high temp., rapid degradation of resins may occur; below 0 C, freezing of resins may occur Diaion® UBK530 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Polystyrene CAS 9003-53-6; EINECS/ELINCS 202-851-5 Uses: Ion-exchange resin for purification of foods and potable water (removes undesirable ions) Properties: Gel; 220 µ±20 um particle size; cationic Precaution: Avoid exposure to high temp., sparks, flames, etc. and mixing with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place with good ventilation; at high temp., rapid degradation of resins may occur; below 0 C, freezing of resins may occur Diaion® UBK550 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Polystyrene CAS 9003-53-6; EINECS/ELINCS 202-851-5 Uses: Ion-exchange resin for purification of foods and potable water (removes undesirable ions) Properties: Gel; 220 µ±20 um particle size; cationic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Avoid exposure to high temp., sparks, flames, etc. and mixing with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place with good ventilation; at high temp., rapid degradation of resins may occur; below 0 C, freezing of resins may occur Diaion® UBK555 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Polystyrene CAS 9003-53-6; EINECS/ELINCS 202-851-5 Uses: Ion-exchange resin for purification of foods and potable water (removes undesirable ions) Regulatory: FDA compliant Properties: Gel; 220 µ±20 um particle size; cationic Precaution: Avoid exposure to high temp., sparks, flames, etc. and mixing with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place with good ventilation; at high temp., rapid degradation of resins may occur; below 0 C, freezing of resins may occur Diaion® WA10 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylate See Polyacrylic acid CAS 9003-01-4 Uses: Purifier for dextrose, beet sugar sol'ns. Features: Large decolorization capacity Properties: Gel; 300-1180 µ particle size; dens. 1.05 g/l (wet) Precaution: Avoid exposure to high temp., sparks, flames, etc. and mixing with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place with good ventilation; at high temp., rapid degradation of resins may occur; below 0 C, freezing of resins may occur Diaion® WA30 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Polystyrene CAS 9003-53-6; EINECS/ELINCS 202-851-5 Uses: Ion-exchange resin for purification of foods and potable water (removes undesirable ions); purification of glycerin and enzymes Features: Premium high grade performance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.25 Properties: High porous polymer matrix; 3001180 µ particle size; dens. 1.05 g/l (wet) 221

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Avoid exposure to high temp., sparks, flames, etc. and mixing with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place with good ventilation; at high temp., rapid degradation of resins may occur; below 0 C, freezing of resins may occur Diaion® WK10 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Polymethacrylate Uses: Cation exchange resin for refining of cane sugar; purifier for foods Features: Weakly acidic Properties: Porous polymer matrix; 300-1180 µ particle size; dens. 1.15 g/l (wet) Precaution: Avoid exposure to high temp., sparks, flames, etc. and mixing with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place with good ventilation; at high temp., rapid degradation of resins may occur; below 0 C, freezing of resins may occur Diaion® WK11 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Polymethacrylate Uses: Purifier for foods Properties: Porous polymer matrix; 300-1180 µ particle size; dens. 1.16 g/l (wet) Precaution: Avoid exposure to high temp., sparks, flames, etc. and mixing with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place with good ventilation; at high temp., rapid degradation of resins may occur; below 0 C, freezing of resins may occur Diaion® WK100 [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Polymethacrylate Uses: Purifier for foods Features: Exc. stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.25 Properties: Porous polymer matrix; 300-1180 µ particle size Precaution: Avoid exposure to high temp., sparks, flames, etc. and mixing with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place with good ventilation; at high temp., rapid degradation of resins may occur; below 0 C, freezing of resins may occur

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Diaion® WT01S [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Polymethacrylate Uses: Purifier for foods Properties: Porous polymer matrix; fully spherical; 106-300 µ particle size Precaution: Avoid exposure to high temp., sparks, flames, etc. and mixing with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry, dark place with good ventilation; at high temp., rapid degradation of resins may occur; below 0 C, freezing of resins may occur Diastase DS [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Diastase from malt CAS 9000-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7 Uses: Enzyme for dietary supplement use Features: High α-amylase and saccharification actiivty Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol in water Toxicology: Skin irritant; inh. of aerosols may produce sensitization and allergic reactions in sensitized individuals Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine and aquatic organisms Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry place Dimethyloctanol P&F [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethyloctanol See 3,7Dimethyl-1-octanol CAS 106-21-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-374-5 Uses: Fragrance, flavoring agent Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: DOT: Chemicals n.o.i. Properties: APHA 50 max. liq.; waxy rose-type odor and taste; sol. 1 in 3 in 70% alcohol; sp.gr. 0.826-0.842; b.p. 423 F; acid no. 1.0 max.; flash pt. (TCC) 203 F; ref. index 1.4351.445 (20 C); 98% min. act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2400 mg/kg; nonirritating, nonsensitizing to skin Dimodan® CP [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cottonseed oil dist. 222

Part I: Trade Name Reference monoglyceride, unsat. See Cottonseed glyceride CAS 8029-44-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-438-5 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: EU, FDA §184.1505, GRAS; avail. as kosher grade Properties: Plastic; m.p. 52 C; iodine no. 80; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Dimodan® H SK-A [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated soybean oil dist. monoglyceride, unsat. See Hydrogenated soy glyceride CAS 61789-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 263-030-5 Uses: Emulsifier, starch complexing agent, antisticking agent for foods; crumb softener for bread; aerating agent in cake mixes and frozen desserts Regulatory: EU, FDA §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Beads, powd.; m.p. 72 C; iodine no. 2 max.; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Dimodan® HA [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. monoglyceride from edible refined hydrogenated lard or tallow See Hydrogenated lard glyceride; Hydrogenated tallow glyceride Uses: Emulsifier, starch complexing agent for foods, margarine, cake shortenings, confectionery coatings; softener for bread; peanut butter stabilizer; amylose complexing agent for dehydrated potatoes Regulatory: EU E471, FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Beads; m.p. 70 C; iodine no. 2 max.; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Use Level: 0.1-0.2% (margarine), 2-6% (cake shortening), 0.5-1.5% (starchy foods) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Dimodan® HP [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. Vegetable oil glyceride from edible, fully hydrogenated palm-based oil See Hydrogenated lard glyceride Chem. Analysis: Monoester content 90% min.; free glycerol 1% max.; s 3 mg/kg max.; Pb 2 mg/kg max.; Hg 1 mg/kg max.; Cd 1 mg/kg max. heavy metals 10 mg/kg max. CAS 97593-29-8; EINECS/ELINCS 307-332-8 Uses: Emulsifier for food Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: EU E471 compliant; FDA 21CFR §184.1324 Properties: Iodine no. 2 max.dropping pt. ≈ 69C; nonionic Storage: Store in cool, dry area @ r.t. and r.h. 80% max. Dimodan® O Kosher [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated soybean oil glyceride with antioxidants (200 ppm max. BHT, 200 ppm max. citric acid) See Hydrogenated soy glyceride CAS 61789-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 263-030-5 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, margarine, icing shortenings, coffee whiteners Regulatory: EU, FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS, FCC, kosher Properties: Block; m.p. 57 C; iodine no. 60; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Use Level: 0.1-0.3% (margarine), 2-6% (cake shortening), 0.3-1% (icing shortening), 0.1-2% (coffee whiteners) Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Dimodan® PV 300 Kosher [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated soybean oil dist. monoglyceride, unsat. See Hydrogenated soy glyceride CAS 61789-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 263-030-5 Uses: Emulsifier, starch complexing agent, antisticking agent in foods; crumb softener for bread; aerating agent in cake mixes and frozen desserts; amylose complexing agent for extruded snack foods, pasta, and dehydrated potato prods. Regulatory: EU, FDA §184.1505, GRAS; kosher Properties: Fine powd.; m.p. 72 C; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Use Level: 0.3-1% on flour (bread), 0.1-0.3% (pasta), 0.1-0.5% (dehydrated potatoes) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Dimodan® PVP Kosher [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated palm oil dist. monoglyceride See Hydrogenated palm glyceride CAS 97593-29-8; EINECS/ELINCS 294-638-9 Uses: Emulsifier for margarine, cake shortening, confectionery coatings; crumb 223

Part I: Trade Name Reference softener for bread; amylose complexing agent for dehydrated potato prods.; aerating agent for cake mixes, frozen desserts; starch complexing agent in foods; stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer, gloss aid, flavor enhancer for peanut butter Regulatory: EU E471; FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS; kosher Properties: Beads; m.p. 69 C; iodine no. 2 max.; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Use Level: 0.1-0.2% (margarine), 2-6% (cake shortening), 1-2.5% (peanut butter), 0.1-0.5% (dried potato) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Dimodan® S [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lard dist. monoglyceride, unsat. with antioxidants (200 ppm max. BHT, 200 ppm max. citric acid) See Lard glyceride CAS 61789-10-4; EINECS/ELINCS 263-032-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, margarine, cake shortenings, icing shortenings, coffee whiteners Regulatory: EU, FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS; FCC Properties: Block; m.p. 55 C; iodine no. 50; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Use Level: 0.1-0.3% (margarine), 2-6% (cake shortening), 2-3% (icing shortening), 0.1-1% (coffee whitener) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Direct-Set™ [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Uses: Starter culture for cheese and dairy prods. Disfoam CA-115 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Polyalkylene glycol deriv. Uses: Defoaming agent for medium composed of nonfat soybean powd., vegetable oils Properties: Insol. in water Disfoam CA-123 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Polyalkylene glycol deriv. Uses: Defoaming agent for medium composed of molasses, nonfat soybean powd., starch Properties: Sl. sol. in cold water Disfoam FD-2 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Polyalkylene glycol deriv. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Defoaming effect for aq. systems incl. food processing Dissolvine® E-CA-10 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium disodium EDTA, USP CAS 62-33-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200-529-9 Uses: Sequestrant for foods Features: Food grade Regulatory: USP, DOT nonregulated; DSL listed Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; odorless; sol. 800 g/l in water (20 C); bulk dens. 690 kg/m3; m.p. 348 C; pH 7 (1% sol'n.); 98-100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; inh. of dust may cause mild irritation; possible eye irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (bluegill, 96 hr) 2340 mg/l; COD 690 mg/g Precaution: Avoid contact with aluminum, copper, copper alloys, and nickel; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon and nitrogen NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep closed and dry Dissolvine® E-FE-13 [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium ferric EDTA CAS 15708-41-5; EINECS/ELINCS 239-802-2 Uses: Sequestrant for foods Features: Food grade Properties: Yel.-grn. odorless powd.; m.p. 80 C; pH ≈ 4.0-5.5 (1% sol'n.); 87-89% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2,000 mg/kg; minimally irritating to eyes; sl. irritating to skin; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Environmental: biodegradable; LC50 (fish, 96 h) 2592 mg/l Precaution: Avoid contact with aluminum, copper, copper alloys, and nickel; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon and nitrogen NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep closed and dry Dissolvine® NA-2-P [Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: Disodium EDTA, USP CAS 139-33-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-358-3 Uses: Sequestrant for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: USP, DOT nonregulated; DSL listed 224

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; odorless; sol. 100 g/l in water (20 C); bulk dens. 700 kg/m3; m.p. 110 C; pH 4.5 (1% sol'n.); 89.491.2% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid contact with aluminum, copper, copper alloys, and nickel; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon and nitrogen NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep closed and dry Divergan® F [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Crospovidone CAS 9003-39-8 Uses: Stabilizing and clarifying agents for drinks (beer, wine, clear fruit juices) Features: Improves color, bouquet, taste and stability in wine Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to creamy hygroscopic powd.; faint characteristic odor; insol. in water and common solvents; bulk dens. 0.10-0.30 g/cm3 Storage: 3 yr shelf life when stored in unopened containers Divergan® HM [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: CrosslinkedPVPP based See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil CAS 9003-39-8 Uses: Shelf-life extender, colloidal stabilizer, clarifier in beverages, wine or sparkling wine stock Features: Removes heavy metals; can be used in conjunction with other stabilizers; easy handling and disposal Regulatory: FDA approved Properties: Creamy wh. hygroscopic powd.; insol. in water and all common solvents; bulk dens. 0.10-0.30 g/cm3 Divergan® RS [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Crospovidone CAS 9003-39-8 Uses: Stabilizing agent for beer; used during filtration for reduction of phenolic compds. Features: Coarse-grain particles; mechanically strong Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. hygroscopic powd.; avg. particle size 80-00 μ faint characteristic odor; insol. in water and all common solvents Storage: 3 yr shelf life when stored in unopened containers Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Divider Oil # 90 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mineral oil EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620; USP/NF Properties: Water transparent color; tasteless; visc. 85-90 SSU (100 F); pour pt. 20 F max.; flash pt. (COC) 345 F min. Storage: 1 yr. max. shelf life; store in cool, dry location; keep container closed when not in use Divider Oil #200 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mineral oil Uses: Release agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620; USP/NF Properties: Transparent liq.; visc. 200-210 SSU at 100 F; pour pt 20 F max; flash pt. (COC) 370 F min. Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; keep container closed when not in use Divider Oil # 210 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mineral oil EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent for foods Features: Type 210 visc. Regulatory: USP DK Creamer [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Emulsifier blend Uses: Emulsifier in foods DK Ester F-10 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/; Montello] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose fatty acid ester See Sucrose fatty acid esters Chem. Analysis: 808 Kcal/100g CAS 977019-37-6 Uses: Food additive for stabilizing emulsion, dispersant, solubilizer Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; avg. m.w. 1588; HLB 1.0; nonionic; 100% conc. DK Ester F-20W [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/; Montello] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose fatty acid ester See Sucrose fatty acid esters 225

Part I: Trade Name Reference Chem. Analysis: 763 Kcal/100g CAS 977019-37-6 Uses: Emulsion stabilizer, dispersant, solubilizer, lubricant for foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Avg. m.w. 1275; HLB 2.0 DK Ester F-50 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/; Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose fatty acid ester See Sucrose fatty acid esters Chem. Analysis: 675 Kcal/100g CAS 977019-37-6 Uses: Emulsion stabilizer, dispersant, solubilizer for foods; starch retrogradation inhibitor in baked goods, flour pastes and fish paste Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; avg. m.w. 777; HLB 6.0; nonionic; 100% conc. DK Ester F 70 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose fatty acid ester See Sucrose fatty acid esters Chem. Analysis: 668 Kcal/100g CAS 977019-37-6 Uses: Food additive for stabilizing emulsion, dispersant, solubilizer Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; avg. m.w. 754; HLB 8.0; nonionic; 100% conc. DK Ester F 90 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose fatty acid ester See Sucrose fatty acid esters Chem. Analysis: 662 Kcal/100g CAS 977019-37-6 Uses: Food additive for stabilizing emulsion, dispersant, solubilizer; starch retrogradation inhibitor in baked goods, flour pastes and fish paste Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; avg. m.w. 736; HLB 9.5; nonionic; 100% conc. DK Ester F-110 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/; Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose fatty acid ester See Sucrose fatty acid esters Chem. Analysis: 658 Kcal/100g CAS 977019-37-6 Uses: O/w emulsifier for coffee whiteners and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

creamers, whipped toppings, frozen dairy desserts, and milk drinks; starch retrogradation inhibitor in baked goods, flour pastes and fish paste Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; avg. m.w. 723; HLB 11.0; nonionic; 100% conc. DK Ester F-140 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose fatty acid ester See Sucrose fatty acid esters Chem. Analysis: 646 Kcal/100g CAS 977019-37-6 Uses: Food additive for stabilizing emulsion, dispersant, solubilizer Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; avg. m.w. 690; HLB 13.0; nonionic; 100% conc. DK Ester F-160 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/; Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose fatty acid ester See Sucrose fatty acid esters Chem. Analysis: 6534Kcal/100g CAS 977019-37-6 Uses: O/w emulsifier for coffee whiteners and creamers, whipped toppings, frozen dairy desserts, and milk drinks; starch retrogradation inhibitor in baked goods, flour pastes and fish paste; prevents flatsour spoilage in canned coffee and tea drinks Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; avg. m.w. 659; HLB 15.0; nonionic; 100% conc. DK Foamer [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Emulsifier blend Uses: Emulsifier, foaming agent in foods Do Crest 60 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Ethoxylated monodiglycerides and wheat flour See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Dough shortening for yeast-raised bakery prods. Properties: Wh. powd.; 4% max. moisture Do Crest Gold [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy flour, ethoxylated mono226

Part I: Trade Name Reference diglycerides See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Dough strengthener for yeast-raised prods. Properties: Cream powd.; 26% min. protein Doh-Tone [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch, enzyme, calcium stearate, and silicon dioxide See Silica; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Enzyme for wh. bread, variety breads, hamburger buns, sweet rolls, donuts Features: Alternative to malted-barley flour as a flour treatment; improved loaf volume Properties: Free-flowing powd.; 7-11% moisture; 0.50-1% ash Dohyfral D3-2000 AG [Solvay Pharmaceuticals BV http://www.solvayvitamins.nl/] Chem. Descrip.: Cryst. Vitamin D3 in peanut oil See Cholecalciferol; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil CAS 67-97-0; 8002-03-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200673-2; 232-296-4 Uses: Vitamin for foods, margarine, milk) Regulatory: USP, Ph.Eur. compliance Domestic CM Enrichment with Folic Acid [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch; ferrous sulfate; niacin; thiamine mononitrate; tricalcium phosphate; riboflavin; folic acid See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Corn (Zea mays) starch; Ferrous sulfate anhydrous; Nicotinic acid; Thiamine nitrate Uses: Vitamin source, iron source for corn meal Features: Meets std. for enriched corn meals Properties: Powd. Use Level: ½ oz/100 lb of corn meal Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use Donut Pyro® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate, leavening, FCC CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Leavening agent for baking, cereals, esp. doughnut mixes prepared in doughnut machines Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1087 Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; 100% through 60 mesh, 99% through 200 mesh; sol. 13 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

g/100 g saturated sol'n.; m.w. 221.94; bulk dens. 68 lb/ft3; pH 4.3 (1%); 100% act. Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust) ; LD50 (dermal, rabbit) > 7940 mg/kg; eye, skin, and resp. tract irritant; noncarcinogenic Precaution: Avoid dusting conditions, open flame, spark, static electricity, strong bases and oxidizing agents NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Do Sure [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Whey and L-cysteine monohydrochloride See Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous Uses: Dough conditioner for pizza dough Features: No-time; provides rapid dough development; whey contributes tenderness, flavor, and crust color Properties: Dry free-flowing powd.; 90% through 60 mesh; 3.5-5% moisture Use Level: 2 lb/100 lb flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Double Strength Acid Proof Caramel Colour [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods, beverages, acidulated carbonated beverages, nonacidulated drinks, processed foods Features: Natural; prolonged stability and brilliance in acidulated carbonated beverages Properties: Sp.gr. 1.266-1.277 (60 F); dens. 10.54-10.63 lb/gal (60 F); visc. 300 cps max. (68 F); pH 2.8-3.0 Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life Doughcon-Ace MB [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: emulsifier, vitamin C (0.6%), enzyme, yeast food Uses: Volume improver and softener for bakery prods., esp. for frozen dough Features: Halal grade available Properties: Disp. in water Use Level: 0.5-2% to flour weight Doughmaker [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum, enzyme active soy flour, SSL, datem, ascorbic acid, enzyme, corn starch See L-Ascorbic acid; Corn (Zea 227

Part I: Trade Name Reference mays) starch; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Bromate replacer in pan breads, hearth breads, buns, and rolls Properties: Low-dusting powd.; 11-13% protein; 0.81-0.83% ascorbic acid Doughmaker 4 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Datem, calcium sulfate, ascorbic acid, enzyme, ADA, monodiglycerides, wheat starch See L-Ascorbic acid; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of monoand diglycerides; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Bromate replacer in pan breads, hearth breads, buns, and rolls Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 2.3-2.5% ascorbic acid Doughmaker 5 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum, enzyme active soy flour, SSL, datem, sunflower oil, ascorbic acid, ADA, corn starch See L-Ascorbic acid; Corn (Zea mays) starch; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil Uses: Bromate replacer in pan breads, hearth breads, buns, and rolls Properties: Tan powd.; 6-8.5% moisture; 7-9% protein DoughMaster 200 [Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of oxidants, fungal enzymes, surfactants, and enzyme active soy flour See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Dough conditioner, dough improver, bread improver for baked goods Features: Bromate-free; provides exc. tolerance and str. Regulatory: Kosher DoughMaster 300 [Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of oxidants, fungal enzymes, surfactants, and enzyme active soy flour See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Dough conditioner, dough improver, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bread improver for frozen doughs Features: Bromate-free Regulatory: Kosher Doughmaster FR(V) [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: vital gluten, glycerin fatty acid ester See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten CAS 8002-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-317-7 Uses: Improver for machine tolerance and extensibility to industrially-processed bread and buns Features: Halal grade available Use Level: 2-3% to flour weight Dough-Rise™ [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: sodium aluminum phosphate and a mixture of monocalcium phosphate and calcium acid pyrophosphate See Calcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic CAS 7785-88-8; 7758-23-8; 14866-19-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-090-4; 231-837-1 Uses: Leavening agent for baking, cereals, esp. doughnut mixes prepared in doughnut machines Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1217 (calcium phosphate) and §182.1781 (sodium aluminum phosphate) Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; pH 3.2-3.6 (1%) Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust) ; may cause burns, permanent damage to the cornea; irritant to skin and resp. tract Precaution: Avoid dusting conditions, extreme heat and humidity NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 18 mos. shelf life Dow EP530 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Poloxamer-181 See Poloxamer 181 CAS 53637-25-5 Uses: Defoamer in scald baths for poultry defeathering and hog dehairing machines Regulatory: 21CFR §172.808, 176.200, 176.210, 178.1010 Properties: Liq.; m.w. 2000; sp.gr. 1.017; dens. 8.46 lb/gal; visc. 321 cSt; pour pt. -32 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 420 F; ref. index 1.452; surf. tens. 42.6 dynes/cm (100 ppm); nonionic

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Dow Corning® 200 Fluid, Food Grade [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethyl silicone fluid See Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Defoamer for nonaq. systems, food processing, meat, poultry and seafood processing, rendering Regulatory: FDA, EPA, USDA, kosher approved Properties: Thin cl. fluid; sol. in food-grade glycols; visc. 350 cSt; 100% act. Dow Corning® 1920 Powdered Antifoam [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone dispersed on freeflowing powd. Uses: Defoamer for fermentation, beverages, preserves, meat, poultry, seafood, and rendering in food industry Regulatory: FDA, USDA, kosher approved Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; sol. in foodgrade glycols; nonionic; 20% act. Use Level: 50 ppm Dow Corning® Q7-2243 LVA [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com] Chem. Descrip.: polydimethylsiloxane See Dimethylsiloxane CAS 63148-62-9 Uses: Antifoam for foods Regulatory: USP, EP, FDA 21CFR §173.340, 332.10; kosher Properties: Gray translucent visc. liq.; sp. gr. 0.975; ref. index 1.404; nonionic; 100% act. Storage: 18 mo shelf life stored in original unopened containers at ambient temps.; avoid extreme temps.; settling may occur during storage; mix before use Dow Corning® Q7-2587 [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com] Chem. Descrip.: Simethicone emulsion USP contg. simethicone USP, stearate emulsifiers, sorbic acid, benzoic acid, thickeners, and water Chem. Analysis: 41.7 % NV; 30.4 % siloxane Uses: Defoamer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 332.10; USP Properties: Wh. creamy flowable liq.; characteristic odor; water-dilutable; sp. gr. 1.0; visc. 10000 cSt; b.p. 35 C; flash pt. (CC) > 214 F; pH 2.6; nonionic; 30% act. Toxicology: Sl. eye irritant Precaution: Avoid contact with oxidizing materials Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, incompletely burned carbon compds., SiO2, Cl compds, formaldehyde, and metal oxides NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life when stored between 5 and 32 C; stir gently before use; do not ship below 0 C; freeze/thaw cycling may break emulsion Dow Corning® Antifoam 1500 [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethylsiloxane (> 60.0%) and Methylated silica (7.0 - 13.0%) See Siloxanes and silicones, dimethyl, reaction prods. with silica CAS 63148-62-9; 67762-90-7 Uses: Foam control agent for foods, meat and poultry prod., fermentation Regulatory: FDA, USDA, EPA, kosher approved; SARA §311/312/313 unreportable Properties: Med. off-wh. liq.; dilutable in foodgrade glycols; sp. gr. 1.0; visc. 900 mPa s; b.p. ≥ 100 C; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; 100% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses as min. protection; avoid oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, traces of incompletely burned C compounds, SiO2, and formaldehyde NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Dow Corning® Antifoam 1510-US [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Foam control agent for foods, fermentation, beverages, preserves, meat, poultry, seafood, fruit and vegetable processing Regulatory: FDA, EPA, USDA, kosher approved Properties: Med. wh. cream; nonionic; 10% act. Dow Corning® Antifoam 1520-US [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Foam control agent for foods, fermentation, beverages, meat/poultry/seafood processing Features: Effective for hot and cold systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 176.170, 176.180, EPA 40CFR §180.1001, USDA, kosher approved Properties: Milky-wh. thin cream; water-dilutable; sp.gr. 1.0; visc. 6000 cp; pH 4.0; nonionic; 20% act. 229

Part I: Trade Name Reference Use Level: 10 ppm (foods) Toxicology: May cause temporary eye discomfort Storage: 12 mo shelf life when store @ 20-40 C Dow Corning® Antifoam A Compd., Food Grade [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com] Chem. Descrip.: Simethicone CAS 8050-81-5 Uses: Foam control agent for food processing, beverage processing, fermentation, edible oil mfg., rendering Regulatory: FDA, USDA, EPA, kosher approved Properties: Med. off-wh., gray liq.; dilutable in aliphatic, aromatic or chlorinated solvs., food grade glycols; nonionic; 100% act. Dow Corning® Antifoam AF Emulsion, Food Grade [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aq. simethicone emulsion CAS 8050-81-5 Uses: Foam control agent for foods, beverages, preserves, fermentation, dairy prods., rendering Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, USDA, EPA 40CFR §180.1001, kosher Properties: Milky wh. thick cream; waterdilutable; sp.gr. 1.0; visc. 50,000 cp; pH 3.5; nonionic; 30% act. Use Level: 30 ppm Toxicology: Food grade; may cause temporary eye discomfort Storage: 6 mo shelf life when stored @ 20-40 C Dow Corning® Antifoam C Emulsion [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aq. simethicone emulsion CAS 8050-81-5 Uses: Foam control agent for food processing, fruit juice processing, food sauce prep. Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA, EPA, kosher, USDA approved Properties: Med. wh. cream; water dilutable; nonionic; 30% act. Use Level: 30 ppm Dow Corning® Antifoam FG-10 [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aq. silicone emulsion Uses: Foam control agent for food industry, fermentation, beverages, preserves, meat, poultry, seafood, high sugar-content processes Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA, EPA, USDA, kosher approved Properties: Thin wh. cream; nonionic; 10% act. Use Level: 100 ppm Dow Corning® Medical Antifoam AF Emulsion [Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com] Chem. Descrip.: Simethicone USP emulsion with stearate emulsifiers, sorbic acid, and water Uses: Foam preventive/suppressant in fermentation processes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §332.10 (OTC drug), 173.340 (to 33.3 ppm in foods) Properties: Wh. creamy paste; water-dilutable; sp.gr. 1.0; pH 2.7; nonionic; 30% act. Toxicology: Essentially no significant silicone absorption on ingestion Storage: 12 mo shelf life stored in original unopened containers between 5 and 32 C; avoid freezing; freeze/thaw cycling may break emulsion Dow Glycerine 96% USP [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin FCC, USP CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Humectant, solvent in foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; E422 compliant; avail. in kosher grade Properties: Colorless visc. liq.; odorless; sweet taste; misc. with ethanol, IPA, water; immiscible with benzene, chloroform, ethyl ether, heptane; sp.gr. 1.25170; dens. 1.24770g/cm3; visc. 624 cps (20 C); f.p. 8 C; b.p. 175 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 198.8 C; ref. index 1.46752 (20 C); 96% act., 4% water Dow Glycerine 99.5% USP/EP [Dow Europe] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin FCC, USP, EP CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Humectant, solvent in foods; sweetener, flavoring agent Regulatory: USP, Eur. Ph., FDA GRAS; E422 compliant; avail. in kosher grade Properties: Colorless visc. liq.; odorless; sweet taste; misc. with ethanol, IPA, water; immiscible with benzene, chloroform, ethyl ether, heptane; m.w. 92.09; sp.gr. 1.26201; dens. 1.25802 g/cm3; visc. 1410 cps (20 C); vapor pressure 0.0025 mm Hg (50 C); f.p. 17 C; b.p. 290 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 195.5 C; ref. index 1.47399 (20 C); surf. tens. 63 dynes/cm (20 C); 99.5% act.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference DP 40 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated coconut oil; glucose syrup; sodium caseinate; lactylated esters of mono- and diglycerides; sodium alginate See Algin; Glucose, liquid; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Instant whipping base for toppings, cake fillings, and ready-to-eat desserts such as mousses, cheesecakes, and ice cream Features: Gelatin-free; cannot be overwhipped Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §168.120, 170.3, 172.848, 182.1748, 184.1724 Properties: Off-wh. spary-dried emulsion; clean, sl. sweet flavor; 3% max. moisture Use Level: 5-10% in mousse recipes Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in a cool, odor-free, dry environment at 5-22 C and <70% r.h. in original, sealed bags

Chem. Analysis: 2% protein; 35% fat; 57% carbohydrates; 2.5% moisture; 3.5% ash; 2300KJ/100g CAS 50-99-7; 9000-71-9; 7758-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1; 232-555-1; 231837-1 Uses: Whitening agent and nondairy creamer for hot beverages, e.g., coffee, tea, and hot chocolate; creamer for soups, sauces and instant powder mixes; aroma and flavor enhancer of the final beverage Features: Suitable for a milky performance in instant powder mixes Regulatory: EU compliant; not GMO or GMO derived Properties: Yel. powd.; sl. sweet taste; bulk dens. 560 g/l Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in a odorfree, dnormal conditions @ 5-25 C and ≤ 70% r.h. in the original, sealed pkg.

DP 313 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose solids; vegetable fat; milk protein; emulsifier, and sodium aluminum silicate as a stabilizer See Sodium silicoaluminate Chem. Analysis: 4.5% protein; 31.5% fat; 58.5% carbohydrates; 2.5% moisture; 3% ash; 2250KJ/100g CAS 50-99-7; 9000-71-9; 1344-00-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1; 232-555-1; 215684-8 Uses: Whitening agent and nondairy creamer for hot beverages, e.g., coffee, tea, and hot chocolate; creamer for soups, sauces and instant powder mixes; aroma and flavor enhancer of the final beverage Features: Contributes to a creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: EU compliant; not GMO or GMO derived Properties: Creamy yel. powd.; sl. sweet taste; bulk dens. 590 g/l Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in a odorfree, dnormal conditions @ 5-25 C and ≤ 70% r.h. in the original, sealed pkg.

DP 363 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose solids; vegetable fat; milk protein; emulsifier, and sodium aluminum silicate as a stabilizer See Sodium silicoaluminate Chem. Analysis: 4.5% protein; 35.5% fat; 54.5% carbohydrates; 2.5% moisture; 3% ash; 2350KJ/100g CAS 50-99-7; 9000-71-9; 1344-00-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1; 232-555-1; 215684-8 Uses: Whitening agent and nondairy creamer for hot beverages, e.g., coffee, tea, and hot chocolate; creamer for soups, sauces and instant powder mixes; aroma and flavor enhancer of the final beverage Features: Suitable for a milky performance in instant powder mixes Regulatory: EU compliant; not GMO or GMO derived Properties: Wh. powd.; sl. sweet taste; bulk dens. 590 g/l Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in a odorfree, dnormal conditions @ 5-25 C and ≤ 70% r.h. in the original, sealed pkg.

DP 325 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose solids; vegetable fat; milk protein; emulsifier, and calcium dihydrogen phosphate as a stabilizer See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous

DP 374 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose solids; vegetable fat; milk protein; emulsifier, and sodium aluminum silicate as a stabilizer See Sodium silicoaluminate

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Chem. Analysis: 6.5% protein; 49.5% fat; 39% carbohydrates; 2% moisture; 3% ash; 2650KJ/100g CAS 50-99-7; 9000-71-9; 1344-00-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1; 232-555-1; 215684-8 Uses: Foaming agent, mouthfeel enhancer, whitener for hot beverages like cappuccinos and hot chocolate drinks Features: Contributes to a creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: EU compliant; not GMO or GMO derived Properties: Cream to yel. powd.; lt. creamy, sl. sweet taste; bulk dens. 596 g/l Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in a odorfree, dnormal conditions @ 5-25 C and ≤ 70% r.h. in the original, sealed pkg. DP 644 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated palm oil; lactose; sodium caseinate Uses: Shortening, mouthfeel enhancer for baking, confectionery fillings, soups, sauces, spreads, and dessert powders Features: Exc. heat stability; contributes to a creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §168.122, 170.3, 182.1748, GRAS Properties: Lt. cream-colored spray-dried powd.; clean odor and taste; sol. in hot sol'ns. Storage: 1-1.5 yr. shelf life when stored in a cool, odor-free, dry environment at 5-22 C and < 70% r.h. in original, sealed bags DPO™ 100 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of vegetable oil, high smoke pt. mineral oil, lecithin, TBHQ complex, and dimethylpolysiloxane See tButyl hydroquinone; Dimethylsiloxane CAS 68956-68-3; 8042-47-5; 8002-43-5; 194833-0; 63148-62-9; EINECS/ELINCS 273-3135; 232-455-8; 232-307-2; 217-752-2 Uses: Release agent for baked goods Features: Provides exc. gumming resist. and carbonization on pan surfs. Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable ; SARA §313 nonreportable; kosher Properties: Cl., amber liq.; mild odor; sp. gr. 0.890; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm HG Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid excessive heat, open flames, strong oxidizers and acids Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx and other byproducts depending on conditions of oxidation NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store away from oxidizing agnet and combustible materials DPO™ 225 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of winterized soybean oil and mineral oil See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil CAS 8001-22-7; 8012-95-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-274-4; 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent for baked goods Features: Exc. stability Drakeol® 10 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lt. mineral oil NF CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.838-0.864; dens. 7.08-7.25 lb/gal; visc. 17.7-20.2 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -9 C; flash pt. 182 C; ref. index 1.4692 Toxicology: STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless aspiration occurs (which may cause pneumonitis and may be fatal); laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents; spillages may be slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakeol® 10B [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lt. mineral oil NF CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant, 232

Part I: Trade Name Reference defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT and OSHA nonhazardous Properties: Sp.gr. 0.884; visc. 17.7-20.2 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -40 C; flash pt. 160 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Drakeol® 13 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lt. mineral oil NF CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubes and greases, fruit/veg. coatings, divider oils for foods; release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.871 (60/60 F); dens. 7.11-7.27 lb/gal; visc. 24.2-26.3 cSt (40 C); vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg (70 F); i.b.p. 580 F; pour pt. -9 C; flash pt. 185 C Toxicology: STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless aspiration occurs (which may cause pneumonitis and may be fatal); laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents; spillages may be slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakeol® 15 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lt. mineral oil NF CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

evaporation and contamination Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.850-0.873; dens. 7.13-7.30 lb/gal; visc. 28.1-30.3 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -12 C; flash pt. 188 C; ref. index 1.4740 Toxicology: STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless aspiration occurs (which may cause pneumonitis and may be fatal); laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents; spillages may be slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakeol® 19 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubes and greases, divider oils for foods; release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.88 (60/60 F); dens. 7.14-7.31 lb/gal; visc. 34.9-37.3 cSt (40 C); vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg (70 F); b.p. 590 F; pour pt. -12 C; flash pt. 188 C; ref. index 1.4725 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; STEL 10 mg/m3; relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless aspiration occurs; laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed 233

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakeol® 21 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.876 (60/60 F); dens. 7.15-7.32 lb/gal; visc. 38.4-41.5 cSt (40 C); vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg (70 F); b.p. 600 F; pour pt. -12 C; flash pt. 193 C; ref. index 1.4733 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; STEL 10 mg/m3; relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless aspiration occurs; laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakeol® 34 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Plasticizer, lubricant for bakery pan oils; food grade lubes and greases; release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.858-0.872; dens. 7.19-7.31 lb/gal; visc. 72.0-79.5 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -9 C; flash pt. 238 C; ref. index 1.4760 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; STEL 10 mg/m3; relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless aspiration occurs; laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakeol® 35 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination; bakery pan oils; food grade lubes and greases Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.882 (60/60 F); dens. 7.25-7.35 lb/gal; visc. 65.8-71.0 cSt (40 C); vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg (70 F); i.b.p. 650 f; pour pt. -15 C; flash pt. 216 C; ref. index 1.4785 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; STEL 10 mg/m3; relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless aspiration occurs; laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides 234

Part I: Trade Name Reference HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakeol® 5 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lt. mineral oil NF CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Mold release agent, lubricant for foods, egg coatings, fruit/veg. coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.828-0.838; dens. 6.89-7.00 lb/gal; visc. 7.6-8.7 cSt (40 C); vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg (70 F); b.p. 320 F; pour pt. -9 C; flash pt. 154 C; ref. index 1.4600 Toxicology: STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless aspiration occurs (which may cause pneumonitis and may be fatal); laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents; spillages may be slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakeol® 7 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lt. mineral oil NF CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Protective coating for foods, eggs, fruits, and vegetables; divider oil, mold release lubricant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.828-0.843; dens. 6.94-7.08 lb/gal; visc. 10.8-13.6 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -9 C; flash pt. 177 C; ref. index 1.4632 Toxicology: STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

aspiration occurs (which may cause pneumonitis and may be fatal); laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents; spillages may be slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakeol® 9 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lt. mineral oil NF CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Divider oil, mold release lubricant for foods; coating for fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.838-0.854; dens. 7.03-7.16 lb/gal; visc. 14.2-17.0 cSt (40 C); pour pt. 09 C; flash pt. 179 C; ref. index 1.4665 Toxicology: STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless aspiration occurs (which may cause pneumonitis and may be fatal); laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents; spillages may be slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakeol® 350 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination; bakery pan 235

Part I: Trade Name Reference oils; food grade lubes and greases Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. .857/.873 (60/60 F); visc. 66.7-71.2 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -15 C; flash pt. 227 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; STEL 10 mg/m3; relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless aspiration occurs; laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakeol® 32 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT nonregulated; OSHA nonhazardous; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia, Canada DSL, China, EC, Japan, Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. transparent liq., odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.856-0.876; dens. 7.18-7.35 lb/gal; visc. 60.0-63.3 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -12 C; flash pt. 213 C; ref. index 1.4770 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; STEL 10 mg/m3; relatively nontoxic by ingestion unless aspiration occurs; laxative props. may result in abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes on direct contact; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakesol® 165 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated light CAS 64742-47-8; EINECS/ELINCS 265-149-8 Uses: Coating on egg shells; defoamer in foods; float on fermentation fluids; froth flotation cleaning of vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.884, 178.3650, 573.740; RCRA nonreportable; DOT regulated; SARA §311/312 Chronic Health Hazard, §313, CERCLA nonreportable; WHMIS D2B; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China listed; Europe EINECS; Korea ECS; Philippines PICCS Properties: Cl. liq.; mild petroleum odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.786 (60/60 F); dens. 6.56 lb/gal (60 F); visc. 1.68 cSt (100 F); vapor pressure < 0.1 mm Hg; vapor dens. 6.2; i.b.p. 191 C min.; pour pt. -40 C; flash pt. 74 C; KB value 29; lel 1.0; uel 6.0; autoignition temp. 213 C; < 1% aromatics Toxicology: Repeated skin contact can cause irritation; aspiration if ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear gloves, eye protection; combustible liq.; keep away from all sources of ignition; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container tightly closed in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Drakesol® 165AT [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petroleum distillates CAS 64742-14-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-298-5 Uses: Processing solvent for food processing; coating on egg shells; defoamer in foods; float on fermentation fluids; froth flotation cleaning of vegetables Features: High purity hydrocarbon Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.884, 178.3650, 573.740; DOT regulated; SARA §311/312 Chronic Health Hazard, §313 nonreportable; WHMIS B3, D2B; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China listed; Europe EINECS; Korea ECS; Philippines PICCS Properties: Cl. liq.; sl. hydrocarbon odor; sp.gr. 0.786 (60/60 F); dens. 6.56 lb/gal (60 F); visc. 236

Part I: Trade Name Reference 1.66 cSt (100 F); vapor pressure > 0.1 mm Hg; vapor dens. 4.5; i.b.p. 191 C min.; pour pt. -40 C; flash pt. (COC) 74 C; KB value 28; < 1% aromatics Toxicology: Cause skin irritation; aspiration hazard if ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear gloves, eye protection; combustible liq., vapor; keep away from all sources of ignition NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Drakesol® 205 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated middle CAS 64742-46-7; EINECS/ELINCS 265-148-2 Uses: Solvent for food processing; coating on egg shells; defoamer in foods; float on fermentation fluids; froth flotation cleaning of vegetables Features: High purity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.884, 178.3650, 573.740; DOT not regulated; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China listed; Europe EINECS; Japan ENCS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless liq.; sl. peroleum odor; sol. in hydrocarbons,; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.795 (60/60 F); dens. 6.64 lb/gal (60 F); visc. 2.18 cSt (100 F); vapor pressure 0.22 mm Hg; vapor dens. 4.5; i.b.p. 221 C min.; pour pt. -26 C; b.p. 226.7 C; flash pt. 99 C; KB value 26.5; < 1% aromatics Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid breathing vapors, mists Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakesol® 220 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mineral oil CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Coating on egg shells; defoamer in foods; float on fermentation fluids; froth flotation cleaning of vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.884, 178.3650, 573.740; SARA §313 nonreportable; OSHA nonhazardous; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China listed; Europe EINECS; Japan ENCs; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Cl. liq.; sl hydrocarbon odor; sol. in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

hydrocarbons; insol. in water; m.w. 0.8; sp.gr. 0.804 (60/60 F); dens. 6.69 lb/gal (60 F); visc. 2.28 cSt (100 F); vapor pressure < 0.1 mm Hg; vapor dens. 6.7; i.b.p. 235 C min.; pour pt. -18 C; b.p. 239.4-276.7 C; flash pt. 102 C; KB value 24.5; < 1% aromatics Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Do not allow to enter sewers, watercourses; avoid breathing vapors or mist Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakesol® 260 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mineral oil CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Coating on egg shells; defoamer in foods; float on fermentation fluids; froth flotation cleaning of vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.884, 178.3620(b), 178.3650, 573.740; OSHA nonhazardous; DOT not regulated; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China listed; Europe EINECS; Japan ENCs; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Cl. liq.; sl. hydrocarbon; m.w. 230; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.812 (60/60 F); dens. 6.76 lb/gal (60 F); visc. 4.3 cSt (100 F); vapor pressure < 0.1 mm Hg; vapor dens. 8.1; i.b.p. 266 C min.; pour pt. -4 C; b.p. 268.3-307.8 C; flash pt. 127 C; KB value 22.6; autoignition temp. 220 C; < 1% aromatics; 100% volatiles Toxicology: Wear eye protection; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid breathing vapors, mists; do not allow to enter sewers, watercourses Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Drakesol® 260 AT [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil, tech. CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Froth flotation cleaning of vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.884, 178.3620(b), 178.3650, 573.740; not regulated for shipping; CERCLA, SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable Properties: Transparent water-wh. liq.; ngeligible 237

Part I: Trade Name Reference sol. in water; m.w. 230; sp.gr. 0.8146 (15.6 C); dens. 6.78 lb/gal (15.6 C); visc. 3.90 cSt (100 F); vapor pressure 0.01 mm Hg; vapor dens. > 1; i.b.p. 268 C; pour pt. -6.67 C; cloud pt. -2.8 C; flash pt. (CC) 127 C; autoignition temp. 220 C; ref. index 1.4498 (20 C); KB value 22; sp. heat 0.492; < 1% aromatics Toxicology: TSCA listed HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep containers tightly closed in cool, well-ventilated area away from heat and all sources of ignition Drakesol® 305 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil, tech. CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Froth flotation cleaning of vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.884, 178.3620(b), 178.3650, 573.740; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, China, Japan ENCS, Korea KCL, Philippines PICCS listed Properties: Cl. liq.; sl. hydrocarbon odor; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; m.w. 266; sp.gr. 0.8299 (15.6 C); dens. 6.91 lb/gal (15.6 C); visc. 6.27 cSt (100 F); vapor pressure < 0.01 mm Hg; vapor dens. 9.2; i.b.p. 304 C; pour pt. 4.4 C; b.p. 304.4-357.2 C; cloud pt. 10 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 151.7 C; autoignition temp. 220 C; ref. index 1.4570 (20 C); KB value 20; sp. heat 0.493; 100% act. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3 (oil mist); minimal eye/minimal to sl. skin irritant; not expected to be inh. hazard @ ambient conditions; aspiration may cause chem. pneumonitis, pulmonary edema, hemorrhage, death; ing. may cause GI discomfort, vomiting, diarrhea; laxative props.; TSCA listed Environmental: do not allow spills to enter sewers or watercourses Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents; spillages may be slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizing materials Draketex 50 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lt. mineral oil NF CAS 8042-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620, 573.680; DOT and OSHA nonhazardous Properties: Sp.gr. 0.820-0.835; dens. 6.86-6.96 lb/gal; visc. 6.5-7.8 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -9 C; flash pt. 152 C; ref. index 1.4570 Toxicology: TSCA listed Drapex® 6.8 [Chemtura/Plastic Addit.] Chem. Descrip.: Epoxidized soybean oil CAS 8013-07-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-391-0 Uses: Plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Features: Imparts exc. heat and lt. stability; offers resist. to extraction by oils and solvs., resist. to migration, low volatility Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §181.27 Properties: Liq.; Gardner 1 color, faintly fatty odor; sol. < 0.01% in water; m.w. 1000; sp.gr. 0.992; dens. 8.27 lb/gal; visc. 320 cps; pour pt. 0 C; acid no. 0.5; iodine no. 1.6; flash pt. (COC) 290 C; ref. index 1.45710 Dress'n® 400 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from dent and waxy corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Cook-up starch, emulsion stabilizer, visc. builder, texturizer for semisolid or heavy cream type salad dressings Features: Good acid tolerance; resist. to shear; produces visc. dressing with short, smooth texture and no set-back Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; pH 5.5; 11% moisture DREWMULSE® 200K [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Emulsifier, emollient, antistat, stabilizer, visc. builder, opacifier for foods (breads, chewing gum base, frozen desserts, peanut butter, margarine, candies, toppings) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800; kosher; Europe, Japan, Canada, Australia, Korea, Philippines, China listed Properties: Ivory wh. flakes; sl. fatty odor; sp.gr. 0.9145; visc. 30 cSt (70 C); m.p. 60 C; HLB 2.8; iodine no. 2; sapon. no. 170; flash pt. > 94 238

Part I: Trade Name Reference C; 0% RVOC; nonionic; 42% monoester; 0.17% moisture Toxicology: LD50 > 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store @ 18-32 C; avoid prolonged storage above 32 C DREWMULSE® GMC-810 [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mixture of Caprylic acid monoglyceride, Glyceryl monodecanoate, Glyceryl dicaprylate, Glyceryl dicaprate, Triglycerides, mixed decanoate and octanoateand Glycerin See Caprylic/capric triglyceride; Glyceryl caprate; Glyceryl caprylate CAS 26402-26-6; 26402-22-2; 36354-80-0 20; 53988-07-1; 73398-61-5; 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-668-1; 247-667-6; 252992-1; 258-903-2; 277-452-2; 200-289-5 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, opacifier and visc. builder Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Sl. yel. soft solid to liq.; fatty odor; dispersibel in water; sol. in propylene glycol (10% w/v), ethyl acetate (10% w/v), and xylene (10% w/v); sp. gr. 0.992; m.p, 24-30 C; HLB 4.8; acid no. 1.0; iodine no 0.05; sapon. no. 276; flash pt. (PMCC) >94 C; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12600 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) >10 g/kg; may cause sl. irritation to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear goggles and gloves if splashing is possible; avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents and strong alkalies Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in drums @ < 32 C in a dry, wellventilated aqrea; avoid freezing and excessive heat DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate Chem. Analysis: 0.01% moisture; 15 g total carbohydrate; 85 g total fat; 825 cal CAS 25496-72-4; EINECS/ELINCS 247-038-6 Uses: Antifoam or defoaming agent, lubricant for food; emulsifier for shortenings, bakery mixes, bread, cake mixes, icings; dispersant and solubilizing agent for flavors and essential oils Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §175.300, 175.320 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

184.1323 (GRAS); kosher Properties: Gardner 6 liq.; mild, fatty odor; sp. gr. 0.94; visc. 92.0 cps (100 F); HLB 3.4; iodine no. 78; sapon. no. 168; flash pt. 239 C; nonionic; 40-45% conc. Toxicology: Sl. skin and minimal eye irritation Storage: Store in sealed containers @ < 32 C; avoid overheating DREWPOL 3-5-CC [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglycerol penta(caprylatecaprate) CAS 147923-42-0 Uses: Carrier for flavors, vitamins, essential oils and colors; lubricant; mineral oil alternative, for applics. including release agent and polishing agent.; fat source for specialized nutritional prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; kosher grade Properties: Pale yel. liq., bland flavor and odor; sp. gr. 0.93; HLB 3.0 ; iodine no. 0.06; sapon. no. 305; flash pt. (PMCC) 280 C; ref. index 1.45; pH 6 (10% aq.); nonionic; 100% act. Use Level: 0% RVOC Toxicology: Eye irritant; mild skin irritant; inh. of vapors or mists of the product may be irritating to the resp. tract; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear safety goggles with side shields; use impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers @ < 90 F DREWPOL® 10-1-CC [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglyceryl monocaprylate See Polyglyceryl-10 caprylate Chem. Analysis: 0.06% moisture; 26.4 g/100 g total fat; 220 cal /100 g CAS 68937-16-6 Uses: Weighting agent for beverage emulsions Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.854.kosher Properties: Visc. amber cl. to sl. hazy visc. liq.; f.p. -7 C; HLB 14.5; acid no. 2.8; iodine no. 2; sapon. no. 100; hyd. no. 700; pH 7 (3% disp.); flash pt. (PMCC) > 94 C; surf. tension 29 dynes/cm; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 ml/kg); pract. nontoxic Environmental: biodeg. 239

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Wear safety goggles and gloves Storage: Avoid prolonged storage above 90 F DREWPOL® 10-6-O [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglyceryl hexaoleate See Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate CAS 65573-03-7 Uses: Food emulsifier for margarine; solubilizer for flavors and essential oils; dispersant for high-solids preps.; suspending agent for food colors; antifoam and defoaming agent in sugar-protein syrups; inhibits crystallization in salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.854, kosher Properties: Amber cl. to hazy visc. liq.; sp. gr. 0.972; visc. 821 cSt; HLB 6.0; acid no. 2.1; iodine no. 75; sapon. no. 153; hyd. no. 113; nonionic; 0.1% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 ml/kg); practically nontoxic orally Environmental: biodegradable Precaution: Avoid prolonged storage above 90 F DREWPOL® 10-10-O [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate (95-100%) and Oleic acid (0-5%) CAS 11094-60-3; 112-80-1; EINECS/ELINCS 234-316-7; 204-007-1 Uses: Emulsifier for margarines and shortenings (0.1 - 1.0%); solubilizer for vitamins, flavors; inhibits crystallization in salad oils; antifoam and defoaming agent especially in sugar-protein syrups Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.854, kosher Properties: Amber cl. visc. liq.; fatty odor; sp. gr. 0.9014 g/ml; visc. 92.2 cSt @37 C; m.p. -37.2 C; acid no. 10.0 max.; HLB 3.0; flash pt. >94 C; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >5000-15,000 mg/kg; noncarcinogenic; pract. nontoxic orally; may cause mild irritation to eyes; inh. of vapors irritating to respiratory system; acute ing. may cause mild GI distress Environmental: biodegradable Precaution: Wear goggles and gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx and/or low molecular weight hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 DREWPOL PGPR [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 68936-89-0 Uses: Rheology modifier in chocolate coatings; emulsifier for margarines and shortenings; solubilizer for flavors and essential oils; suspending agent for food colors; antifoam and defoaming agent especially in sugar-protein syrups; stabilizer in w/o emulsions; flow improver for molten chocolate Regulatory: FDA GRAS; E476; kosher grade Properties: Lt. yel. liq., mild fatty odor; sp. gr. 0.944; HLB 0.4; iodine no. 85; sapon. no. 184; hyd. no. 85; flash pt. (PMCC) > 93.9 C; nonionic; 100% act. Use Level: 0-7.5 mg/kg bw; ≤ 0.3% in chocolate; ≤ 1.0% for margarines, low fat margarines, spreads, creamers, and dairy analogs at levels Toxicology: Mild eye and skin irritant; inh. of vapors or mists of the product may be irritating to the resp. tract; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear safety goggles and face shield if splashing is possible; use impervious gloves and suitable protective clothing; may react with strong alkalies Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp: COx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry, well-ventilated area Dri-Do [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: White flour, salt, calcium sulfate, calcium peroxide See Sodium chloride Uses: Dough drier, whitener in yeast-raised baked goods Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; 10-11% moisture; 19.1-21% ash Dri-Do Plus [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Soy flour, salt, calcium peroxide See Sodium chloride; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Dough drier used to reduce stickiness and/or increase absorption of yeast leavened doughs Properties: Cream-colored free-flowing powd.; 6.5% moisture; 10-12.5% ash Dri-Mol® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Molasses, wheat starch, calcium stearate (anticaking agent), soy 240

Part I: Trade Name Reference flour, lecithin (processing aid) See Molasses (Saccharum officinarum); Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, colorant, partial leavening agent for variety breads, baked goods, desserts, barbecue sauces, mixes Features: Mild; high water absorp.; convenient handling Properties: Dk. rich brn. free-flowing powd.; 98% min. through 25 mesh; 30-60% through 60 mesh; bulk dens. 47 lb/ft3 (loose), 58 lb/ft3 (packed); 55% molasses solids; 4% max. moisture; 4% max. protein Use Level: Replaces liq. molasses at ≈ lb for lb Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F) Dri-Mol® 60 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Molasses; wheat starch; silicon dioxide; lecithin See Molasses (Saccharum officinarum); Silica; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer, leavening agent for breads, baking Features: High water absorption; imparts a nat., dark coloring; avoids waste factor involved with drums; storage space required is minimal Properties: Dark rich, brn. powd.; 98% min. through 25 mesh; 30-60% through 60 mesh, 20-40% through 100 mesh; dens. 47 lb/ft3 (loose), 58 lb/ft3 (packed); 60% solids Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store at room temp. 65-75 F; recommend stacking prod. at no more than two pallets high Dri-Mol® 604 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Molasses, wheat starch, high fructose corn syrup, calcium stearate (anticaking agent), soy flour, hydroxylated lecithin (processing aid) See Corn syrup, high fructose; Molasses (Saccharum officinarum); Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer, colorant, partial leavening agent for baked goods, desserts, mixes Features: Mild; high water absorp.; convenient handling Properties: Lt. brn. free-flowing powd.; 98% min. through 25 mesh; 30-60% through 60 mesh; bulk dens. 48 lb/ft3 (loose), 58 lb/ft3 (packed); 55% molasses solids; 4% max. moisture; 1.5% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

max. protein Use Level: Replaces liq. molasses at ≈ lb for lb Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F) Dri-Mol® Flake [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Molasses; wheat starch; soy flour; lecithin See Molasses (Saccharum officinarum); Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer for baked goods, health foods Features: High water absorption; imparts a nat., dark coloring; avoids waste factor involved with drums; storage space required is minimal Properties: Dark rich brn. flake; 30% min. through 20 mesh, 10% through 40 mesh; dens. 25 lb/ft3 (loose), 32 lb/ft3 (packed) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store at room temp. 65-75 F; recommend stacking prod. at no more than two pallets high Dritex S [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated soybean oil CAS 8016-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-410-2 Uses: Crystallization promoter, m.p. modifier, bodying agent, lubricant, and moisturizer for clinical nutrition, nutritional/sports supplements Properties: Lovibond 3R max. liq., flake, bead; drop pt. 155 F; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 15; sapon. no. 189-197 Toxicology: Nontoxic Drize-P Powder [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate, soy flour, diammonium phosphate, calcium peroxide, tricalcium phosphate See Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Dough conditioner for yeast-raised baked goods Features: Produces drier doughs with improved handling chars. Properties: Powd. Use Level: 0.5 oz/cwt flour Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored under cool, dry conditions Dry-Flo® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 241

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Dusting aid and lubricant for foods Features: Hydrophobic; extremely resist. to wetting in aq. media Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. free-flowing fine powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses; potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity DryGel™ 03417 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 4.5% moisture, 10 mg/kg max. SO2 CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Dusting agent, moisture control agent, anticaking agent, flow aid in dough and noodle prods., dry mixes, batter and breading mixes, confectioners' sugar, baking powd., icing mixes Features: Controls moisture of other ingredients present in dry mixes Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 53 lbs/ft3; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting can be flamm. and explosive. Storage: Shelf life 12 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity DryGel™ 03418 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 6.5% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Dusting agent, moisture control agent, anticaking agent, flow aid in dough and noodle prods., dry mixes, batter and breading mixes, confectioners' sugar, baking powd., icing mixes Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Controls moisture of other ingredients present in dry mixes Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 46 lbs/ft3; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting can be flamm. and explosive. Storage: Shelf life 12 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Dry-Tack® 250 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carbohydrate Uses: Binder and adhesion agent for particulates, seasonings and flavorings to low-moisture foods, including snacks, cereals and bakery prods. Features: Hydrophobic; extremely resist. to wetting in aq. media Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. free-flowing fine powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 3.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Low oral toxicity; particulates may scratch eye surface cna cause mech. irritation; nontoxic Precaution: Wear safety glasses; potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Dry Vitamin D3 Type 100 SD [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cholecalciferol compounded with dicalcium phosphate, lactose, acacia, coconut oil, BHT, and silicon dioxide See Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Silica CAS 67-97-0; 7757-93-9; 63-42-3; 9000-01-5; 8001-31-8; 128-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 200673-2; 231-826-1; 200-559-2; 232-519-5; 232282-8; 204-881-4; 231-545-4 Uses: Nutrient for foods and prods. which are reconstituted with liqs. Properties: Sol. in cold water; 100,000 min. IU vitamin D/g Toxicology: Vitamin D: potentially toxic esp. for young children; excessive ingestion may cause hypercalcemia, hypercalcuria Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed 242

Part I: Trade Name Reference container; sensitive to air, heat, light, and humidity Dry Vitamin E Acetate 50% SD [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate USP, FCC compded. with hydrolyzed gelatin, 3% silicon dioxide See Silica CAS 7695-91-2; 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-710-0; 270-082-2; 231-545-4 Uses: Vitamin E source for food prods., chewable or coated dietary supplements Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing powd., acceptable odor and taste; 95% min. through 20 mesh; sl. hygroscopic; disp. readily in cold or warm water; 50% min. dl-α-tocopheryl acetate Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container; avoid excessive heat DS-100A [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled diglycerol monostearate See Polyglyceryl-2 stearate CAS 9009-32-9; EINECS/ELINCS 235-777-7 Uses: O/w emulsifier; alpha-ending emulsifier; alpha-crystalline stabilizer for sponge cake foaming gel Properties: Plastic; acid value 3 max.; iodine value 2 max.; sapon. value 120-135 DSP/TSP 30% [FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium phosphate dibasic, sodium phosphate tribasic (0.866:1) See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Chem. Analysis: Arsenic 3 ppm max.; fluoride 50 ppm max.; heavy metals 10 ppm max. Uses: Acidulant, buffer, nutritional supplement, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FCC grade; DOT nonregulated Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; odorless; sp.gr. 1.362 (55 C); solid. pt. 38.5 C; pH 11.41 (1% sol'n.); 30% conc. Toxicology: Sl. eye and skin irritant Duodenal Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Durem™ 114 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides with Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

BHT and citric acid to protect flavor See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, icings, cakes, margarine, sweet doughs, whipped toppings, veg. dairy prods., reduced-fat foods Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Cream plastic, typ. odor/flavor; HLB 2.8; m.p. 43-49 C; iodine no. 65-75; flash pt. 300 F min.; nonionic; 100% conc.; 40% min. alpha monoglyceride Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances Durem™ 117 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides with citric acid (preservative) See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, margarine, bread, frozen desserts, veg. dairy prods., Danish, candies, chewing gum, reduced-fat foods Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Wh. beads, flakes, typ. odor/flavor; m.p. 62-65 C; HLB 2.8; iodine no. 5 max.; flash pt. 300 F min.; nonionic; 100% conc.; 40% min. alpha monoglyceride Use Level: 0.04-0.25% (frozen desserts) Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances Durem™ 204 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides with BHT and citric acid (preservatives) See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, icings, cakes, margarine, sweet doughs, whipped toppings, veg. dairy prods., reduced-fat foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Cream plastic, typ. odor/flavor; m.p. 114-121 F; HLB 3.3; iodine no. 65-75; flash pt. 300 F min.; nonionic; 100% conc., 52% min. mono Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances Durem™ 207 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides with citric acid to protect flavor See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, frozen desserts, whipped toppings, veg. dairy prods., candies, bread, chewing gum, sweet dough; peanut butter stabilizer Regulatory: GRAS 243

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Wh. bead, flakes, typ. odor/flavor; m.p. 140-146 F; HLB 3.3; iodine no. 5 max.; flash pt. 300 F min.; nonionic; 100% conc.; 52% min. alpha mono Use Level: 0.04-0.25% (frozen desserts) Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances Durem™ 207-E [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides with citric acid to help protect flavor See Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, continuous and conventional breads, sweet doughs; emulsifier hydrate for breads and nonfat cakes; crumb softener Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., bland odor/flavor; m.p. 140-146 F; HLB 4.2; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic; 100% act.; 50% min. alpha mono Storage: Store sealed in cool, dry area away from odor-producing substances; 90 days storage life @ 40-80 F Durem™ 224 NG [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer in icings, cakes, margarines, Danish and sweet doughs, whipped toppings and other vegetable dairy systems Features: Food grade; derived from non-GMO vegetable oils Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1505; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel solid matrix or oily liq.; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.698 -0.921; HLB 3.3; iodine no. .47-57 max.; flash pt. 260 C; 52% min. α-monoglyceride Precaution: Avoid excessive heating Storage: Store in an odor free environment @ 427 C Durem™ 300 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides, propylene glycol See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer in flavor and color systems; wetting agent, antifoam for foods Properties: Cl. liq.; HLB 3.0; iodine no. 63 min.; 45% min. mono Durfax® 60 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, cakes, whipped Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

toppings, coffee whiteners, icing, confectionery coating Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.836 Properties: Soft gel; sol. in water; HLB 14.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 81-96; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.46% max. (cake), 0.4% max. (whipped toppings, coffee whiteners), 0.46% max. (icings), 0.5% max. (confectionery coatings), 1% max. (shortenings) Storage: Store sealed in a cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances; 180 day storage life @ 40-95 F Durfax® 60K [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, o/w emulsions Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Yel. visc. liq.; sol. in water, cottonseed oil; HLB 14.9; nonionic; 100% act. Durfax® 65 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 65 CAS 9005-71-4 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, frozen desserts, cakes, icings, whipped toppings, coffee whiteners; foaming agent for nonalcoholic beverage mixes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.838 Properties: Cream plastic; water-disp.; HLB 10.5; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 88-98; hyd. no. 44-60; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.1% max. (frozen desserts), 0.32% max. (cakes, icings), 0.4% max. (whipped toppings, coffee whiteners) Storage: Store sealed in a cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances; 180 day storage life @ 40-95 F Durfax® 80 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, frozen desserts, whipped toppings, shortenings; solubilizer, dispersant in pickles, vitamins; yeast defoamer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.840 Properties: Yel. liq.; water-sol.; HLB 15.0; acid no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 65-80; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.1% max. (frozen desserts), 0.4% max. (whipped toppings), 1% max. (shortenings), 4 ppm max. (yeast) Storage: Store sealed in a cool, dry place away 244

Part I: Trade Name Reference from odor-producing substances; 180 day storage life @ 40-95 F Durfax® EOM [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 glyceryl stearate CAS 68153-76-4 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, cakes, icings; dough conditioner in yeast-raised bakery goods; bakery hydrates Properties: Plastic; HLB 13.5; sapon. no. 65-75; hyd. no. 65-80; nonionic; 100% conc. Durfax® EOM K [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 glyceryl stearate CAS 68153-76-4 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; dough conditioner Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Paste; m.p. 80-85 F; HLB 13.1; nonionic; 100% act. Durkex 100BHA [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated soybean oil with BHA to protect flavor See BHA; Hydrogenated soybean oil Uses: Higher stability oil used in frying (snacks, potato chips), coating/spraying (crackers, croutons), antidusting (spices, grains, dry mixes), moisture barrier (ready-to-freeze breads), color/flavor carrier, clouding agent, lubricant; confectionery Features: Stability approximately three times greater than ordinary salad oil Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or liq.; insol. in water; m.p. 3.2-122 F; flash pt. 260 C Precaution: Avoid excessive heating Storage: Store in an area free of undesirable odors @18-35 C Durkex 500 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated veg. oil (cottonseed, soybean) See Hydrogenated vegetable oil CAS 68334-28-1; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6 Uses: High stability oil for coating/spraying (dried fruit, crackers), frying/roasting (nuts), antidusting (gravies, soups), color/flavor carrier, lubricant, moisture barrier, min./coconut oil replacement, in confectionery, nondairy veg. prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or liq.; insol. in water; m.p. 3.2-122 F; flash pt. 260 C Precaution: Avoid excessive heating and inh. of veg. oil mists Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Durkex™ NT 100 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Palm oil See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil CAS 8002-75-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-316-1 Uses: High stability oil for coating/spraying (dried fruit, crackers), frying/roasting (nuts), antidusting (gravies, soups), color/flavor carrier, lubricant, moisture barrier, min./coconut oil replacement, in confectionery, nondairy veg. prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or liq.; insol. in water; m.p. 3.2-122 F; flash pt. 260 C Toxicology: Dermatitis could result from prolonged residence of oil on skin of allergy sensitive individuals Precaution: Avoid excessive heating and inh. of veg. oil mists Storage: Store in an area free of undesirable odors @18-35 C Durlac® 100W [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl lactopalmitate/stearate with citric acid to protect flavor Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent for prepared food mixes, whipped toppings, veg. dairy systems, cakes, cake shortenings; confectionery gloss enhancer Features: Alpha-tending Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.852, EU, DK, FAO/WHO clearance Properties: Lovibond 10R max. flake, tart flavor; m.p. 46-54 C;HLB 2.4; acid no. 5 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 245-260; flash pt. > 148 C; fire pt. > 148 C; nonionic; 100% conc., 610% mono Use Level: 4-10% (cake shortening), 5-10% fat basis (whipped toppings), 3-5% (instant desserts), 1-3% fat basis (confectionery coatings) Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances; reseal between use Dur-Lo® [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides with BHA and citric acid to help protect flavor See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for reduced-fat foods; fat replacement or reduction in sour dressings and other veg. dairy systems, bakery cake mixes, cookies Regulatory: GRAS; kosher 245

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Ivory plastic; m.p. 111-122 F; HLB 2.1; iodine no. 66-70; 100% conc., 17-22% alpha mono Use Level: 50% Dur-Lo and 50% water to replace fat in a formula Storage: Store sealed away from odor-producing substances; 6 mo storage life at 65-80 F Durtan® 60 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier, gloss aid for foods, chocolate coatings, cakes, icing, whipped topping, coffee whiteners, confectionery coatings, beverage mixes; syn. flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.842; kosher Properties: Cream flakes; HLB 4.7; acid no. 510; sapon. no. 147-157; hyd. no. 235-260; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.61% max. (cake), 0.4% max. (whipped toppings, coffee whiteners), 0.7% max. icings, 1% max. (confectionery coatings) Storage: Store sealed in a cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances; 180 day storage life @ 40-80 F Durtan® 65 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan tristearate Chem. Analysis: 1% moisture CAS 26658-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4 Uses: Emulsifier, gloss aid, bloom inhibitor in compd. coatings and chocolate Features: Inhibits formation of bloom; improves initial gloss Regulatory: FDA GRAS, kosher Properties: Gardner 3 max. cream/flake; capillary m.p. 53-56 C; acid no. 15 max.; sapon. no. 176-188; hyd. no. 66-80; nonionic; 1% moisture Use Level: 0.5-1.0% Storage: Store between 4-27 C; keep away from undesirable odors Dynacet® 211P [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acetylated monoglycerides of edible fatty acids See Acetylated monoand diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-55-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; fat base for prep. of dip coatings; coating agent for Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

shortenings, toppings, meat and sausages; stabilizer in whipping masses and ice cream Regulatory: USP, E472a Properties: Waxy solid; nonionic Dynacet® 212P [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acetylated monoglycerides of edible fatty acids See Acetylated monoand diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-55-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; fat base for prep. of dip coatings; coating agent for shortenings, toppings, meat and sausages; stabilizer in whipping masses and ice cream Properties: Waxy solid; m.p. 35 C; acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 350; nonionic; 100% conc. Dynacet® 285 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diacetylated monoglycerides Uses: Lubricant, release agent in prod. of sausage casings Regulatory: USP, CFR §172.828 , E472a Properties: Cl. liq.; dens. 0.98 kg/dm3; visc. 45 mPa·s; acid no. 0.3 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 385-415 Dynasan® 114 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; Eigenmann & Veronelli http://www.eigver.it] Chem. Descrip.: Trimyristin CAS 555-45-3; EINECS/ELINCS 209-099-7 Uses: Binder, lubricant for compressed confectioneries Properties: Wh. powd./flakes; m.p. 55-58 C; cl. pt. 57 C; acid no. 1.0 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 230-238 Environmental: environmentally compat. Dynasan® 116 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. 246

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tripalmitin CAS 555-44-2; EINECS/ELINCS 209-098-1 Uses: Aux. in prod. of compressed sweets Regulatory: JCIC Properties: Wh. microcryst. powd.; sol. in ether and benzene; m.p. 61-65 C; cl. pt. 63 C; acid no. 0.5 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 205-215 Environmental: environmentally compat. Dynasan® 118 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tristearin CAS 555-43-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-097-6 Uses: Crystallization accelerator in chocolate, compound coatings, and other fat prods.; lubricant in cakes, prod. of compressed sweets Regulatory: CFR 21 §172.811, JCIC Properties: Wh. microcryst. powd./flakes; sol. in ether and benzene; m.p. 69-73 C; cl. pt. 71 C; acid no. 0.5 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 186-192; nonionic Environmental: environmentally compat. Dynasan® 120 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerides, triglycerides and derivs. Uses: Aux. in prod. of compressed sweets Properties: Microfine powd. Dynasan® P60 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated palm oil EINECS/ELINCS 271-056-3 Uses: Consistency regulator for fats and fat preps.; coating fat for salt, spices, citric acid; stabilizer to prevent oil separation in nut pastes Regulatory: USP Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; m.p. 58-62 C; acid no. 0.3 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 190-210; hydroxyl no. 10 max. Environmental: environmentally compat.

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Eastman® DEP [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diethyl phthalate CAS 84-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-550-6 Uses: Chem. raw material and flavor extractant for flavors and fragrances Regulatory: SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; odorless; sol. 0.12 g/l in water; sp.gr. 1.12 (20/20 C); dens. 9.32 lb/gal (20 C); visc. 9.5 mPa·s; vapor pressure 0.0005 mbar (20 C); f.p. < -50 C; b.p. 298 C; flash pt. (COC) 161 C; autoignition temp. 457 C; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 9000 mg/kg, (skin, guinea pig) > 20 ml/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 6 h) > 4.64 mg/l; ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; low hazard; sl. eye/skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: BOD5 2000 mg/g; COD 16602100 mg/g; LC50 (rainbow trout, 96 h) 12 mg/l, NOEC 3.8 mg/l, (fathead minnow, 96 h) 17 mg/l, NOEC 4 mg/l; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 86 mg/l; prevent runoff from entering drains, sewers, streams Precaution: Reacts with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers Eastman® Glacial Acetic Acid Food Grade, Kosher [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glacial acetic acid FCC See Acetic acid, glacial CAS 64-19-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-580-7 Uses: Acidulant, flavor enhancer, carrier, formulating aid, curing agent, preservative in food processing (baked goods, fats, oils, milk prods., frozen dairy prods., processed fruit, condiments, relishes, soft candy, sweet sauce, gelatin, puddings, snack foods, soft beverages) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1005, GRAS; kosher; DOT regulated; SARA §311/312 fire hazard, immediate (acute) health hazard; Canada DSL listed Properties: Colorless liq.; pungent vinegar odor; completely sol. in water; m.w. 60.06; sp.gr. 1.051 (20 C); visc. 1.22 cps (20 C); vapor pressure 11.4 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. 16.4 C; b.p. 118 C; flash pt. (TCC) 42 C; ref. index 1.3698; 247

Part I: Trade Name Reference pH 2.4 (60 g/l water); 99.5-100.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3310-3530 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1060 mg/kg; causes severe eye/skin burns; vapor is irritating by inh., eye contact; harmful if swallowed; ing. may cause burns of GI tract; TSCA listed Environmental: COD 1.03 g oxygen/g; BOD-5 0.34-0.88 g oxygen/g; LC50 (daphnia, 96 h) > 100 mg/l; biodeg.; strongly acidic aq. sol'n.; may cause adverse environmental effects; high BOD; potential to cause oxygen depletion in aq. systems Precaution: Combustible liq. and vapor; can react violently with strong oxidizing agents; can react with metals, strong bases, amines Storage: Keep container closed; keep away from heat and flame Eastman® Propionic Acid, Food Grade, Kosher [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propionic acid CAS 79-09-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-176-3 Uses: Preservative, mold inhibitor, acidulant, flavor enhancer, carrier, formulating aid, curing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1081, GRAS; kosher; DOT regulated; SARA §311/312 fire hazard, immediate (acute) health hazard; Canada DSL listed Properties: Colorless liq.; pungent odor; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.993 (20 C); vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (5 C); f.p. -21 C; b.p. 141 C; flash pt. (TCC) 52 C; 100% act. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 2600-4260 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 496 mg/kg; causes severe skin/eye burns; harmful if swallowed; mist or vapor irritating to eyes and respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: COD 1400 mg/g; BOD-5 3601300 mg/g; LC50 (daphnia, 24 h) 130 mg/l; mod. acidic aq. sol'n.; may cause adverse environmental effects Precaution: Combustible liq. or vapor; reacts with metals, strong bases, amines, strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed Eastman® Propionic Anhydride, Kosher [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propionic anhydride CAS 123-62-6 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Flavoring agent Regulatory: SARA §311/312 immediate (acute) health hazard, fire hazard, §313 nonreportable Properties: Colorless liq.; pungent odor; dec. in water; m.w. 130.14; sp.gr. 1.007 (24 C); dens. 8.44 lb/gal (20 C); visc. 1.16 cP; vapor pressure 1.33 mbar (21 C); f.p. -45 C; b.p. 167 C; flash pt. (TCC) 63 C; ref. index 1.4022 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2360 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 10.07 g/kg; causes eye and skin burns; harmful if swallowed; mist or vapor irritating to eyes and respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: mod. acidic aq. sol'n.; may cause adverse environmental effects Precaution: Combustible liq. and vapor; reacts with water; contents may develop pressure if exposed to water; reacts with metals, strong bases, amines; reacts violently with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Keep container closed; keep away from heat and flame Eastman® Triacetin, Food Grade [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triacetin CAS 102-76-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-051-9 Uses: Food additive; flavorings; animal feeds; pet foods; syn. flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1901, GRAS; avail. in kosher grade; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL listed Properties: Colorless liq.; sl. odor; mod. sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.16 (24 C); visc. 17.4 cps; vapor pressure 1.33 mbar (100 C); f.p. 3 C; b.p. 258 C; decomp. pt. 265 C; flash pt. (COC) 153.3 C; ref. index 1.429-1.431; 99.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6400-12,800 mg/kg, (skin, guinea pig) > 20 ml/kg; sl. skin/eye irritant; nonsensitizing to skin; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (fathead minnow, 96 h) > 165 mg/l; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) > 811 mg/l Precaution: Reacts with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed EC-25® [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids, mono- and 248

Part I: Trade Name Reference diglycerides, partially hydrogenated soybean oil, lecithin, BHT, citric acid See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, cakes, cake mixes, cookies, reduced-fat foods Features: Used with all-purpose shortenings for conventional cakes or with emulsified shortenings for very lean cakes, cookies, fatreduced foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.856; kosher Properties: Lt. straw plastic; m.p. 90-100 F; HLB 2.6; nonionic; 100% act., 34-38% propylene glycol monoester Use Level: 12-25% of fat (layer cake), 5-10% (dry mixes), 15-25% of fat (soft cookies) Storage: Store sealed in cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances; 6 mo storage life at 65-85 F Ecco Wax M-85 [Eastern Color & Chem. http://easterncolor.net] Chem. Descrip.: Highly refined microcrystalline wax CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Protective coating on raw fruits/vegetables; masticatory substance in chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Water-wh. wax; flash pt. (COC) 550 F; congealing pt. 185 F Ecco Wax MM-5 [Eastern Color & Chem. http://easterncolor.net] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline wax CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Protective coating on raw fruits/vegetables; masticatory substance in chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Wh. medium-firm wax; odorless; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.940; b.p. 650 F; flash pt. (COC) 535 F Toxicology: Eye irritant; mild skin irritant Precaution: Wear protective glasses or face shield and impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. COx and other noxious vapors Econo Divider Oil [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable oil-based Uses: Lubricant for use specifically in Mono® dough dividers, in small bakeries and instore operations Features: Contains no min. hydrocarbons (wh. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

oils) Economix Gelatin [Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Type A porkskin gelatin, 150 bloom See Gelatin CAS 9000-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-554-6 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, gellant, texturizer in foods Features: General purpose grade Edenor® NHTi/3 [Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated tallow glycerides CAS 67701-27-3; EINECS/ELINCS 266-945-8 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Wh. liq.; odorless; m.p. 56-61 C; acid no. 0-3; iodine no. (Wijs) 0-1; sapon. no. 191202 Storage: 2 wk stability when stored in refined steel or Al tanks @ 70-80 C; 8 wk stability if kept under nitrogen blanket; prod. color may intensify during longer storage without affecting quality Edible Beef Gelatin [GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Type B or calfskin gelatin See Gelatin CAS 9000-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-554-6 Uses: Edible protein for foods, wine/beer/juice clarification, dietetic uses Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Pale yel. vitreous brittle solid, nearly odorless and tasteless; sol. in warm water; swells due to hydration in cold water; sp.gr. 1.2; dens. 1.3-1.4; b.p. > 100 C (dec.); pH 5.07.5; flash pt. nonflamm.; 9-13% moisture Toxicology: Nuisance dust; contact with dust causes mild eye irritation; inhaling dust may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store in airtight containers @ R.T.; avoid exposure to water or excessive heat Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin [GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Gelatin CAS 9000-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-554-6 Uses: Gellant for desserts, confectionery, lunch meats; whipping agent in marshmallows, mousses; protective colloid in confectionery, ice cream; binder in canned meats, cheeses, dairy; clarifier in beer, wine, juices; film-former in fruit 249

Part I: Trade Name Reference coatings; thickener, emulsifier, stabilizer in foods; processing aid for microencapsulation of colors, flavors, vitamins Properties: Completely sol. in hot water; pH 5.26.2; 8-12% moisture Storage: Store in airtight containers @ R.T.; avoid exposure to water or excessive heat Edicol® [Lucid Colloids http://www.lucidgroup.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Rheology control agent, visc. builder, thickener, processing aid, binder, protective colloid, dough improver in cheese, baked goods, beverages, canned foods, soups, salad dressing, feeds; ice crystal preventer; stabilizer in sour dairy prods.; nat. flavoring agent Properties: Wh. to cream-wh. powd., sl. char. grassy or beany odor, neutral taste; sol. in hot and cold water; nonionic Edigel® 100 Powder Wheat Starch [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Chem. Analysis: 8% moisture; 3.5% protein; 0.6% ash CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Filler, binder for sausage extrusion and pelletized foods Properties: Off-wh. powd.; pH 3.8 Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch See Starch Chem. Analysis: 8% moisture; 3.5% protein; 0.6% ash CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Filler, binder for bakery mixes, cakes, muffins, donuts, breadings, soups, cereals Properties: Off-wh. powd.; pH 4.0 EE 90 FX [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: egg albumin-hydrolyzate See Albumen CAS 9006-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-936-2 Uses: Dietary supplement designed for suboptimal amino acid profile of other dietary proteins in nutritional diet and protein supplements Features: High levels of essential amino acids; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

readily available poly and short chain peptides; high biological value protein EFICACIA™ [Colloides Naturels Int'l. http://www.cniworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acacia gum See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsion stabilizer for flavors, beverages (soft drinks) Features: Not chemically modified, GMO-free Properties: 100% Use Level: 4-7% in liquid emulsions Egg White Solids Type EP-1 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed egg white See Egg whites Uses: Nutrient for foods and beverages Features: High protein; applic. for heating and retorting; will not coagulate Storage: Exc. shelf stability Egg White Solids Type K-200 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated egg whites Uses: Gellant, water binder for meats, meat analogues, and breadings Features: High gel str.; forms opaque gel Storage: Exc. shelf stability Egg White Solids Type P-18 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated egg whites with sodium lauryl sulfate as whipping aid See Albumen Uses: Whipping agent for confectionery Egg White Solids Type P-18G [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated egg whites without additives See Albumen CAS 9006-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-936-2 Uses: A whipping egg white used in aerated confections or where clarity of sol'n. is important. Egg White Solids Type P-18-J [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Egg white See Egg whites Uses: Whipping agent in aerated confections or where sugar carrying props. are important Features: No additives Storage: Exc. shelf stability Egg White Solids Type P-19 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated egg whites See Albumen 250

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 9006-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-936-2 Uses: Ingred. for bakery and confectionery applics. Features: Similar to P-20 except it does not contain whipping additives Egg White Solids Type P-20 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Albumen Chem. Analysis: 8% max. moisture CAS 9006-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-936-2 Uses: Emulsifier, protective colloid, foaming agent for large commercial bakeries, angel food cakes, meringues, toppings, chiffon pies, candy Features: 80% min. protein; extremely rapid foaming Properties: Powd., bland odor; 100% through 80 mesh, 90% through 100 mesh; pH 6.5-7.5 Storage: Store dry, no refrigeration needed Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated egg whites, cellulose gum See Albumen; Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Uses: Emulsifier, protective colloid, foaming agent for large commercial bakeries, angel food cakes, meringues, toppings, chiffon pies, candy Features: Combines foaming props. of P-20 with exc. foam stability by addition of cellulose gum Egg White Solids Type P-21 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated egg whites See Albumen CAS 9006-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-936-2 Uses: Flavoring agent for use alone or with yolk to prepare omelets, custards, etc. Egg White Solids Type P-39 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated egg whites See Albumen CAS 9006-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-936-2 Uses: Gellant, binder for meat and seafood; fat replacer Features: pH similar to freshly broken liq. egg white; low cholesterol Egg White Solids Type P-110 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated egg whites See Albumen CAS 9006-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-936-2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Binder, coagulant for foods Features: Contains all egg white proteins in natural proportion Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-1 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried egg yolk with 40-60 ppm β-carotene color Uses: Food ingred. for sweet doughs, cake mixes, baby foods, sauces, pie fillings, egg noodles, ice cream, eggnog, mayonnaise, salad dressings Features: 30% min. protein, 56% min. fat Properties: Powd.; 100% through 16 mesh; pH 6.5±0.3; 5% max. moisture Storage: Store @ 40-50 F for storage over 30 days Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-1-FF [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated egg yolk with sodium silicoaluminate See Dried egg yolk Uses: Visc. builder, stabilizer for mayonnaise and salad dressings Features: Contains free-flow agent Use Level: 1 lb/1¼ lb water to replace 2¼ lb liq. or frozen yolk Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-2 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated egg yolk stabilized by removal of natural glucose See Dried egg yolk Uses: Ingred. for cake mixes, frozen doughs, and other foods where long shelf life is required Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-2-FF [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated egg yolk stabilized by removal of natural glucose contg. free-flow agent See Dried egg yolk Uses: Ingred. for cake mixes, frozen doughs, and other foods where long shelf life is required Eisai Natural Vitamin E Series [Eisai http://www.eisai.co.jp/index-e.html; Unipex http://www.unipex.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mixt. of α, β, γ, and δ tocopherols See Tocopherol CAS 1406-18-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-798-8 Uses: Antioxidant for foods; stabilizer for animal fats, vegetable oils, processed foods, liposoluble vitamins; prevents discoloration and browning of colorants 251

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: USA GRAS Properties: Oil, emulsion, or emulsified powd. Use Level: 0.02-0.1% of fat and oil content Eleggance™ [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Whey protein concentrate, potato starch, sodium stearoyl lactylate See Starch; Whey protein Chem. Analysis: ≈ 8% moisture CAS 84082-51-9; 9005-25-8; 25383-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7; 232-686-4; 246929-7 Uses: Egg replacement Features: Superior textural and organoleptic properties Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 182.1, 184.1979; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Cream to yel. powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Use Level: Liq. whole eggs, yolks, and eggwhites (fresh or frozen), replace 100% egg with 25% of this prod. and 75% liq. or water (by wt.); for dried egg, replace 100% of this prod. Toxicology: Low oral toxicity; particulates may scratch eye surface and cause mech. irritation; nontoxic Precaution: Wear safety glasses; potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Eliane™ 100 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Native potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener for powdered soups and sauces Features: Higher visc. than dried potato starch; easy to reconstitute without lumping; clean, neutral flavor profile; exc. clarity Eliane™ BC 110 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Amylopectin potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener for clear dressings Features: Ultra high clarity; pourable texture; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

exc. process stability; clean, neutral flavor profile Eliane™ BC 140 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener for instant fruit fillings Features: Ultra clarity; pure fruit flavor; good baking quality; allows dosage reductions of 20% compared to currently used starches Eliane™ BC 160 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for instant bakery cream Features: Excellent texture and mouthfeel; cost saving through lower dosage Eliane™ VC 120 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener for clear dressings Features: Ultra high clarity; pourable texture; exc. process stability; clean, neutral flavor profile EM 6 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium caseinate CAS 9005-46-3 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for meat prods. (emulsified sausages, meatballs, meat loaves), dips, spreads, cream soups, nondairy creamers, imitation cheese Features: Exc. heat stability; insensitive to salt Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1748 GRAS Properties: Lt. cream color; 100% through 20 mesh; clean, bland flavor/odor; very sol. in water; easy to disperse and dissolve in brines; bulk dens. 0.53 g/ml (tapped); visc. 3.0 mPa·s; pH 6.8 (10%, 20 C); protein (89.5%) Use Level: 1-2% (meat prods.) Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored < 25 C and < 70% r.h. in original sealed bags; store in cool, dry environment EM 7 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium caseinate CAS 9005-46-3 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for yogurt, toppings, nondairy creamers, emulsified meats, and spreads Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1748, GRAS Properties: Lt. cream spray-dried powd.; 100% 252

Part I: Trade Name Reference through 20 mesh; clean, bland flavor and odor; sol. in water (> 99%); dens. 0.50 g/ml (tapped); visc. 2 Pa·s (15%, 20 C); pH 6.8-7.0 (10%, 20 C) Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry environment; store at least 25 C and < 70% humidity in original, sealed bags EM 9N [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein Chem. Analysis: 90.5% protein; 5% moisture; 3.5% (825C) ash; 0.8% fat; 1550 kJ/100 g CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, structure improver, nutritional supplement, and calcium source for nutritional beverages, powdered dietetic prods., protein bars, processed cheese, imitation cheese, and a range of processed meat and poultry prods.; salted jellies of this are used in meat products to improve firmness, sliceability and process yields Features: Solutions characterized by low visc. and opaque appearance; conc. sol'ns. attain high, jelly-like visc. if 1-2% salt is added Properties: Wh. to cream powd.; neutral taste; bulk dens. 475 g/l; pH (10% sol'n.) 6.8 Storage: Shelf life 2 yrs. when stored in odorfree conditions @ 5-25 C and ≤ 70% h.h. in sealed orig. pkg. EM 12 [DMV USA http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein prepared from fresh curd casein; trisodium citrate, and sodium ascorbate Chem. Analysis: 85.5% protein; 5% moisture; 2% (825 C) ash; 1% fat; 1500 kJ/100 g CAS 9000-71-9; 68-04-2; 134-03-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1; 200-675-3; 205126-1 Uses: Binder in fermented, dry and semi-dry sausages; improves firmness and sliceability of meat prods.; contributes to shorter ripening period and higher production yield Features: Added as a dry powder to the meat/fat blend in the bowl chopper or in the mincing/mixing process Properties: Wh. to cream powd. neutral odor and taste Storage: Shelf life 2 yrs. when stored in odorfree conditions @ 5-25 C and ≤ 70% r.h. in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sealed orig. pkg. EM 14 [DMV USA http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein prepared from fresh curd casein; Sodium bicarbonate as an acidity regulator Chem. Analysis: 82% protein; 9% moisture; 7.7% (825 C) ash; 1% fat; 1420 kJ/100 g; 0.3% lactose CAS 9000-71-9; 144-55-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232555-1; 205-633-8 Uses: Binder in fermented, dry and semi-dry sausages; improves firmness and sliceability of meat prods.; contributes to shorter ripening period and higher production yield Features: Exc. dispersing and dissolving props.; when brushed or sprayed on item, it gives a glossy coating to the finished baked prod. Properties: Wh. to cream powd. neutral odor and taste; sol. in water (>99%); bulk dens. 800 g/l Storage: Shelf life 2 yrs. when stored in odorfree conditions @ 5-25 C and ≤ 70% r.h. in sealed orig. pkg. EM 20 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium caseinate CAS 9005-46-3 Uses: Emulsifier providing structure to meat and poultry prods., processed cheese, pasta prods. EM 25 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium caseinate CAS 9005-46-3 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, flavor enhancer, texturizer for emulsified meat and poultry prods., sausages, meat loaves, liver prods., luncheon meats, hams Features: Good heat stability; insensitive to salt Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1748 Properties: Lt. cream powd.; 100% through 20 mesh; clean/bland odor and taste; completely sol. in water; bulk dens. 0.53 g/ml (tapped); visc. 1.5 Pa·s (15%, 20 C); pH 6.8 (10%, 20 C); protein (90%); fat (0.8%); moisture (5%) Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored below 25 C and < 70% r.h. in original, sealed bags; store in cool, dry environment EM LV [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium caseinate and soya 253

Part I: Trade Name Reference lecithin See Lecithin Chem. Analysis: 90% protein; 5% moisture; 4% (825C) ash; 1% fat; 1560 kJ/100 g CAS 9005-46-3; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, protein source in meat prods. Features: Keeps visc. of meat emulsions and brines low Properties: Wh. to cream powd.; neutral taste; bulk dens. 525 g/l; pH (10% sol'n.) 6.8; visc. 1.50 Pa.s Storage: Shelf life 2 yrs. when stored in odorfree conditions @ 5-25 C and ≤ 70% h.h. in sealed orig. pkg. Ema-Up KM-100 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled monoglyceride, polyglycerol ester of fatty acids, caseinate Uses: Sponge cake emulsifier Properties: Powd. Emalex DISG-2EX [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Diglyceryl diisostearate See Polyglyceryl-2 diisostearate CAS 67938-21-0; EINECS/ELINCS 267-821-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: JCID compliance Properties: Pale yel. liq.; HLB 2; nonionic Emalex DISG-3EX [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate CAS 85404-84-8; EINECS/ELINCS 291-548-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: JCID compliance Properties: Pale yel. liq.; HLB 4; nonionic Emalex DISG-5 [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-5 diisostearate CAS 63705-03-3 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Cream-colored wax; HLB 6; nonionic Emalex DISG-10EX [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 diisostearate CAS 102033-55-6 Uses: Emulsifier in foods Properties: Nonionic Emalex DSG-2 [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-2 distearate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 9009-32-9 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Cream-colored solid; HLB 2; nonionic Emalex DSG-3 [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-3 distearate CAS 94423-19-5 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Cream-colored solid; HLB 3; nonionic Emalex DSG-5 [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-5 distearate Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Cream-colored solid; HLB 6; nonionic Emalex DSG-6 [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-6 distearate CAS 9009-32-9; EINECS/ELINCS 252-010-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Nonionic Emalex GMS-B [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monostearate See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Surfactant for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI compliance Properties: Cream-colored beads; HLB 5; nonionic Emalex GMS-F [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Surfactant for foods Properties: Cream beads, HLB 5; nonionic Emalex MOG-2 [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-2 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 256-367-4 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Emalex MSG-2 [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Diglyceryl monostearate See Polyglyceryl-2 stearate CAS 12694-22-3; EINECS/ELINCS 235-777-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: JCID compliance 254

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Cream-colored solid; HLB 7; nonionic Emalex MSG-2MA [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Diglyceryl monostearate See Polyglyceryl-2 stearate CAS 12694-22-3; EINECS/ELINCS 235-777-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: JCID compliance Properties: Cream-colored solid; HLB 5; nonionic Emalex MSG-2ME [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Diglyceryl monostearate See Polyglyceryl-2 stearate CAS 12694-22-3; EINECS/ELINCS 235-777-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: JCID compliance Properties: Cream-colored solid; HLB 7; nonionic Emalex MSG-6K [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Hexaglyceryl monostearate See Polyglyceryl-6 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Pale yel. wax Emalex PGML [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol monolaurate See Propylene glycol laurate CAS 142-55-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-542-3 Uses: Surfactant for foods Regulatory: JCID compliance Properties: Pale yel. oil; HLB 4; nonionic Emalex PGMS [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol monostearate See Propylene glycol stearate CAS 1323-39-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-354-3 Uses: Surfactant for foods Regulatory: JSCI compliance Properties: Wh. powd.; HLB 2; nonionic Emalex TISG-2 [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Diglyceryl triisostearate See Polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate CAS 120486-24-0 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: JCID compliance Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Pale yel. liq.; HLB 0; nonionic Emalex TISG-10 [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglyceryl triisostearate See Polyglyceryl-10 triisostearate Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Nonionic Emalex TSG-10 [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 tristearate See Polyglyceryl-10 tristearate CAS 9009-32-9 (generic) Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: HLB 8 Emalex VS-31 [Nihon Emulsion http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Mixt. of nonionic surfactants Uses: Solubilizer for oil-sol. vitamins Properties: Pale yel. soft paste; HLB 14; nonionic Emasol L-10(F) [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan monolaurate See Sorbitan laurate CAS 1338-39-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-663-3 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, candy, whipped cream, coffee whiteners, caramel; emulsifier, foaming agent for flour paste Regulatory: Japan approved food additive; JHPA approved for food-contact Properties: Brn. oily liq.; sol. in ethanol, xylene; sol. hazy in water, hexane; visc. 230 mPa·s (60 C); f.p. 13-14 C; HLB 8.6; acid no. 4-7; sapon. no. 158-170; hyd. no. 330-358; nonionic; 100% conc. Emasol P-10(F) [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan monopalmitate See Sorbitan palmitate CAS 26266-57-9; EINECS/ELINCS 247-568-8 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, whipped cream, coffee whiteners, caramel; emulsifier, foaming agent for flour paste Regulatory: Japan approved food additive Properties: Ylsh. brn. beads; sol. in xylene; sol. hazy in water, hexane; disp. in ethanol; visc. 310 mPa·s (60 C); m.p. 46 C; HLB 6.7; acid no. 7.5 max.; sapon. no. 140-150; hyd. no. 275-305; nonionic; 100% conc.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference EmCap 06376 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Starch sodium octenyl succinate Chem. Analysis: 6% moisture; 0.3% ash; 10 mg/kg max. SO2 Uses: Encapsulation aid, oxidation inhibitor, spray-drying agent, viscosity control agent in high fat systems, spices, and savory Features: Low visc.; cold-water soluble; easily dispersible; good oxidation resistance; lipophilic; can be used alone or in combination with maltodextrins or corn syrup solids to control viscosity with negligible impact on yield Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 815 g/l; visc. (Brookfield) @ 30% solids 90 cps; pH 2.8 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos. from date of manufacture; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity EmCap-Instant 12639 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 5.5 % moisture; 0.5% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Encapsulation aid, oxidation inhibitor, spray-drying agent, viscosity control agent in spray-dried citrus oils and essences, spray-dried and liquid clouds, spray-dried cheese and dairy flavors Features: Low visc.; superior cold-water soluble; easily dispersible; good oxidation resistance; lipophilic; can be used alone or in combination with maltodextrins or corn syrup solids to control viscosity with negligible impact on yield Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bland flavor; particle size on US 80 Mesh 25%; bulk dens. (packed) 320 g/l; visc. (Brookfield) @ 30% solids 600 cps; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dust is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos. from date of manufacture; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Emersol® 6313 NF [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Low-titer oleic acid USP/NF CAS 112-80-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-007-1 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer, emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; EPA exempt Properties: Lt. yel. cl. liq., fatty acid odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.891 (25/20 C); m.p. 14 C; b.p. 286 C (100 mm); acid no. 201-204; iodine no. 88-93; flash pt. (CC) 184-189 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 21.5 ml/kg; mild eye and skin irritant Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat and open flames; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, alkalis Emersol® 6320 [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid, double pressed CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; EPA exempt Properties: Wh. waxy solid, fatty acid odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.85 (75/20 C); m.p. 52-57 C; b.p. 383 C; acid no. 205-210; iodine no. 3.55.0; flash pt. (COC) 185 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; mild eye and skin irritant Storage: Stored in closed containers away from heat or open flames; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, alkalis Emersol® 6321 [Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com] Chem. Descrip.: Low-titer wh. oleic acid USP/NF CAS 112-80-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-007-1 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer, emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; EPA exempt Properties: Lt. cl. liq., fatty acid odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.891 (25/20 C); m.p. 14 C; b.p. 286 C (100 mm); acid no. 201-204; iodine no. 87-92; flash pt. (CC) 184-189 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 21.5 ml/kg; mild eye, moderate skin irritant Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat and open flames; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, alkalis Emersol® 6332 [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid, triple pressed USP/NF CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer, emulsifier for foods 256

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; EPA exempt Properties: Wh. waxy solid, fatty acid odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.85 (75/20 C); m.p. 52-57 C; b.p. 383 C; acid no. 205-211; iodine no. 0.5 max.; flash pt. (COC) 185 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; mild eye and skin irritant Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat and open flames; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, alkalis Emersol® 6333 [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Low-linoleic content oleic acid USP/NF CAS 112-80-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-007-1 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer, emulsifier, solubilizer Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; EPA exempt Properties: Lt. cl. liq., fatty acid odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.891 (25/20 C); m.p. 14 C; b.p. 286 C (100 mm); acid no. 200-204; iodine no. 86-91; flash pt. (CC) 184-189 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 21.5 ml/kg; mild eye, moderate skin irritant Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat and open flames; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, alkalis Emersol® 6349 [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; EPA exempt Properties: Wh. waxy flakes, fatty acid odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.85 (75/25 C); m.p. 5960.5 C; b.p. 383 C (760 mm); acid no. 203206; iodine no. 0.5 max.; flash pt. (COC) 185 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; mild eye irritant Storage: Keep in closed containers; avoid heat and open flames, contact with strong oxidizers and alkalis Emersol® 7036 [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid (46%), hexadecanoic acid (53%), and Tetradecanoic acid (1%) See Myristic acid; Palmitic acid CAS 57-11-4; 57-10-3; 544-63-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4; 200-312-9; 208875-2 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Food grade Regulatory: NF, kosher, free of chick edema factor; SARA §311/312, §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. waxy solid, fatty acid odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.85; m.p. 54-56 C; b.p. 215 C; flash pt. (COC) 365 F Toxicology: Nontoxic; not irritating to eyes or skin Precaution: Avoid contact with strong oxidizers, bases and acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers in cool, dry area Emery® 917 [Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin CP/USP kosher CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Visc. modifier, flavor enhancer, solvent, humectant, thickener, and solubilizer in foods Properties: Water-wh. liq.; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.2607; m.p. 18 C; b.p. 171 C; flash pt. (CC) 199 C; 99.7% min. glycerol Toxicology: TLV:TWA 10 mg/m3 (mist); LD50 (oral, rat) 12.6 g/kg; mild eye irritant, moderate skin irritant; inhalation of mist may cause respiratory irritation Storage: Store in cool, dry area; avoid excessive heat, open flames; incompat. with strong acids and oxidizers EMG 20 K [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethoxylated monodiglycerides, PEG (20) mono-diglycerides See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides CAS 61163-33-5 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, icings, whipped toppings, frozen desserts; dough strengthener in yeast-raised doughs Properties: Plastic; sapon. no. 65-75; hyd. no. 65-80 Empire NB-No Time Dough Conditioner [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patcoadditives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of conditioners, reducing agents, oxidizing agents Uses: Dough conditioner, dough strengthener for breads, rolls, bagels Features: Improves tolerance and machinability of dough; potassium bromate-free Regulatory: Kosher 257

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Powd. Use Level: 1% on flour wt. Emplex [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium stearoyl lactylate CAS 25383-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 246-929-7 Uses: Starch complexing agent, protein complexing agent for bakery prods.; emulsifier, conditioner, softener for processed foods, dehydrated potatoes, cheese substitutes, nondairy coffee whiteners, puddings, snack dips, sauces, and gravies Regulatory: FDA §172.846 Properties: Lt. tan powd., mild caramel odor; sol. in water and oil; acid no. 60-80; ester no. 150190; anionic; 100% conc., 3.5-5.0% sodium Use Level: 0.2-0.6%, 4-8 oz/cwt Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions (< 90 F) Emser® 555 [DMV USA http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed milk protein CAS 8049-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 296-575-2 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, water binder, flavor enhancer for meat and poultry prods. (hot dogs, baloney, other full-fat and low-fat items); brine ingred. Features: Low dusting Properties: Cream colored powd.; 100% through 20 mesh; clean, salty flavor; easily disp. in water; bulk dens. 0.50 g/ml (tapped); low visc.; pH 6.3 (10%, 20 C); protein (57%), fat (3%), moisture (5%) Use Level: 1-2% Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored below 25 C and < 70% r.h. in original, sealed bags; store in cool, odor-free, dry environment Emser® 736 [DMV USA http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Reduced lactose whey and hydrolyzed sodium caseinate See Whey, reduced lactose Chem. Analysis: 45% protein Uses: Emulsifier, water binder, flavor enhancer for meat and poultry prods. (sausages, whole muscle items, processed poultry) Features: Clean flavor and color; disp.; low visc. Use Level: 1-2% Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored below 25 C and < 70% r.h. in original, sealed bags; store Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

in cool, odor-free, dry environment Emulbesto 100 A [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soybean lecithin, acetylated See Acetylated lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier for improved feed utilization, calf milk replacement, piglet starters, fish feed; fat and protein enrichment Properties: Fluid; nonionic Emulbesto 100 E [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soybean lecithin, enzymatically modified See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier for improved feed utilization, calf milk replacement, piglet starters, fish feed; fat and protein enrichment Properties: Fluid; nonionic Emulfluid® [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Range of hydrophilic lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Fat emulsifier, stabilizer for prod. of foodstuffs (baked goods, margarine, infant formulas, pasta, powd. mixes, release agents) Properties: Liq.; water-disp.; amphoteric; 100% conc. Emulfluid® A [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Higher water dispersibility soy lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer for aq. systems, o/w emulsions; stabilizer for emulsions and dispersions in mfg. of foodstuffs (baked goods, margarine, infant formulas, powd. mixes, release agents) Properties: Char. odor; water-disp.; acid no. 25 max.; pH 6 (1%); 1% moisture Emulfluid® AS [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, dispersant for high heat systems, baked goods, release agents Features: Heat-stable 258

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Higher water dispersibility Emulfluid® E [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin, enzymatically modified CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant for high-fat systems; baking additive for crisp breads, liq. sour doughs; coemulsifier; stabilizer, flavor enhancer improving frying chars. in margarine Properties: Enhanced water dispersibility Emulfluid® HL 66 [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Range of hydroxylated fluid soy lecithins See Hydroxylated lecithin CAS 8029-76-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-440-6 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant for baked goods, confections, powd. mixes, chewing gums, esp. o/w emulsions Properties: Higher water dispersibility Emulgum™ [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled soya lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Softener, antistaling agent, moisture retention agent for foods, chewing gum Features: Aids freshness Properties: Powd. Emulpur™ N [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled soy lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant esp. for flavorsensitive systems, crackers, cookies, baked goods, powd. mixes, frozen doughs, ice cream Properties: Powd. Emulpur™ N P-1 [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled soybean lecithin fraction See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, release agent for foods, baked goods Features: Natural Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS Properties: Lt. tan to med. yel. powd., bland to sl. nut-like flavor; 90% < 0.315 mm; sol. @ 60 C in fat; disp. in water; pH 5.7-6.5; amphoteric; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

95% conc. Storage: Store below 25 C in sealed containers; sensitive to light; reclose drum immediately after opening Emulsi-Phos 440™ [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Trisodium phosphate and insol. sodium metaphosphate See Sodium phosphate tribasic CAS 7601-54-9; 10361-03-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-509-8; 233-782-9 Uses: Emulsifier, protein modifier in pasteurized process cheese Features: Food-grade Regulatory: FCC compliance Properties: Wh. anhyd. powd., no foreign odor; 0.2% max. on 10 mesh Toxicology: Causes eye burns, skin and respiratory tract irritation; avoid breathing dust Storage: Keep container closed; empty containers contain residue Emulsi-Phos 660™ [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Trisodium phosphate and insol. sodium metaphosphate See Sodium phosphate tribasic CAS 7601-54-9; 10361-03-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-509-8; 233-782-9 Uses: Emulsifier, protein modifier, visc. builder, melt regulator, bodying agent, hardener in pasteurized process cheese Features: Food-grade Regulatory: FCC compliance Properties: Wh. anhyd. powd., no foreign odor; 0.2% max. on 10 mesh Toxicology: Causes eye burns, skin and respiratory tract irritation; avoid breathing dust Storage: Keep container closed; empty containers contain residue Emulsi-Phos 990™ [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Trisodium phosphate and insol. sodium metaphosphate See Sodium phosphate tribasic CAS 7601-54-9; 10361-03-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-509-8; 233-782-9 Uses: Emulsifier, protein modifier, visc. control agent, bodying agent, melt regulator, hardener in pasteurized process cheese 259

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Food-grade Regulatory: FCC compliance Properties: Wh. anhyd. powd., no foreign odor; 0.2% max. on 10 mesh Toxicology: Causes eye burns, skin and respiratory tract irritation; avoid breathing dust Storage: Keep container closed; empty containers contain residue Emulthin M-35 [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, wetting agent for foods, esp. for baking industry; release agent for waffles; flour improver Properties: Spray-dried powd.; amphoteric; 50% conc. Encapsul® 855 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca dextrin, corn dextrin Uses: Film-former, emulsion stabilizer, encapsulant, binder for flavor oils used in dry mixes, e.g., cakes, puddings, beverages; encapsulant, stabilizer for spices Features: Low visc.; high sol. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Yel. to lt. tan powd.; dextrin odor; bland taste; readily disp. in cold water under good agitation; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 3 (1%); ≈ 6% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity EnergySmart® Granular [Advanced Ingreds. http://www.advancedingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fruit juice and nat. grain dextrins Uses: Dietary supplement, refined sugar replacement in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Provides up to 50% longer-lasting energy than sucrose or fructose Regulatory: Kosher, pareve Properties: Pale amber to off-wh. gran.; no odor; bland taste; completely sol. in water; 15 mesh or 24 mesh particle size; sp.gr. 0.8-0.9 g/cc; 3% max. moisture Toxicology: Nontoxic Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents such as perchloric acid; dust explosion may occur if suspended in air with ignition source Hazardous Ingredients: None Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in unopened containers @ < 70 F; relative humidity must not exceed 50% EnergySmart® Liquid [Advanced Ingreds. http://www.advancedingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fruit juice and nat. grain dextrins Uses: Dietary supplement, refined sugar replacement in foods Features: Provides up to 50% longer-lasting energy than sucrose or fructose Regulatory: Kosher, pareve Properties: Amber to dk. brn. syrup; no odor; sweet, bland taste; completely sol. in water; dens. 11.8 lb/gal; visc. 9295 cps (78.5 Brix); b.p. 220 F; 22 ± 1% moisture Toxicology: Nontoxic Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents such as perchloric acid Hazardous Ingredients: None Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in unopened containers @ 50-80 F; darkening may occur over time without affecting quality Engevita® Bland [Lallemand Bio-Ingreds. http://www.bio-lallemand.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried inactive baker's yeast Uses: Carrier for seasonings; flavor base for crackers, seasonings, health foods; nutrient, vitamin B source in health industry; industrial fermentation of microbes Properties: Flakes, powd., or tablets Engevita® Fortified B [Lallemand Bio-Ingreds. http://www.bio-lallemand.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried inactive baker's yeast Uses: Carrier for seasonings; flavor base for 260

Part I: Trade Name Reference crackers, seasonings, health foods; nutrient, vitamin B source in health industry; industrial fermentation of microbes Properties: Flakes, powd., or tablets

Enzeco® Catalase [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Uses: Enzyme for foods Features: Not avail. as kosher certified prod.

Engevita® Toasted [Lallemand Bio-Ingreds. http://www.bio-lallemand.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried inactive baker's yeast Uses: Carrier for seasonings; flavor base for crackers, seasonings, health foods; nutrient, vitamin B source in health industry; industrial fermentation of microbes Properties: Flakes, powd., or tablets

Enzeco® Cellulase FG [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulase derived from Aspergillus niger CAS 9012-54-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-734-4 Uses: Enzyme for digestive aid prods. Features: Food-grade; high activity on a broad range of cellulose and hemicellulose forms

EN PHOS 50 [FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium phosphate, dibasic, K2HPO4/potassium phosphate, monobasic KH2PO4 (2.336:1) See Potassium phosphate dibasic Uses: Buffer, sequestrant, antioxidant in foods Regulatory: FCC grade; DOT nonregulated Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; odorless; sp.gr. 1.514; solid. pt. -17.8 C; pH 7.15 (1% sol'n.); 49.8-50.2% conc. Toxicology: Sl. eye and skin irritant

Enzeco® Chillproof [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: derived from Papain Uses: Brewing enzyme that prevents storage 'chill-haze' Properties: Liq. or powd.; completely sol. in water

Enrichment Tablet with Folic Acid [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ferrous sulfate; niacin; thiamine mononitrate; riboflavin; folic acid; other edible excipients See Ferrous sulfate anhydrous; Nicotinic acid; Thiamine nitrate Chem. Analysis: Per tablet: thiamine nitrate (290 mg), riboflavin (170 mg), niacin (2000 mg), folic acid (71 mg), iron (1600 mg) Uses: Enrichment blend, fortifier for bread, buns, rolls Features: Meets std. for Enriched Bakery Products Use Level: 1 tablet/100 lb of flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use Enzeco® Baking Enzyme 1000 [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzyme derived from Aspergillus niger Uses: Enzyme, shelf life extender for baked goods, esp. sour dough prods. Features: Low pH Properties: Powd. or liq. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Enzeco® Dual Protease [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Botanical protease CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Enzyme for tenderizing seafood such as clam and squid Properties: Powd. Enzeco® Esterase/Lipase [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Esterase/lipase derived from Mucor miehei See Esterase; Lipase Uses: Enzyme which hydrolyzes triglycerides and produces high levels of short chain fatty acids without excessive prod. of longer chain fatty acids used in flavor modification in cheese,oils, and meats Enzeco® Fungal Acid Protease [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fungal protease derived from Aspergillus niger CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Enzyme used in meat tenderizing in an acid media and low pH protein hydrolysis Properties: Powd.; pH 2.5-3.0 Enzeco® Fungal Alpha Amylase [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Alpha amylase from Aspergillus oryzae See α-Amylase CAS 9000-90-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-565-6 261

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Enzyme for foods Properties: Liq., powd., or dust-free microgranulate Enzeco® Fungal Lactase [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactase derived from Aspergillus oryzae See β-Galactosidase CAS 9031-11-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-864-1 Uses: Enzyme used in tablet applics., and milk-related applics. such as low/no lactose milk, enzyme modified cheese, and cheese prod.; used in dry mixes containing lactose or in lactase type tablets or capsules Features: Stable at acid pH and high temps.; activity is standardized based on assay in Food Chems. Codex IV; optimum temperature of 55 C Properties: pH 4.0-7.5 Enzeco® Fungal Protease Concentrate [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fungal protease derived from Aspergillus oryzae CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Enzyme for the flavor modification of cheese, oils, and meats Features: Cost effectiive for general protein hydrolysis; highly conc.; optimum temp. range of ≤ 50 C Properties: Powd.; pH 3.0-6.0; 500,000 HUT/g Enzeco® Glucoamylase Powder AN [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glucoamylase derived from Aspergillus niger See Amyloglucosidase CAS 9032-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-877-2 Uses: Enzyme for baking applics. to enhance proofing in lean or frozen doughs Features: Very pure glycoamylase with little protease or amylase side activity Properties: Powd. Enzeco® Glucoamylase Powder RO [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glucoamylase derived from Rhizopus oryzae See Amyloglucosidase CAS 9032-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-877-2 Uses: Brewing enzyme Features: High in glucoamylase activity as well as appreciable amts. of endo-amylase and protease activity Properties: Powd. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Enzeco® Lysozyme Chloride [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Derived from egg whites Uses: Enzyme used as a digestive aid Properties: Liq., powd. or lyophylized crystalline forms Enzeco® Mash-Zyme [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of special enzymes Uses: Brewing enzyme Features: Duplicates activity of naturally occurring enzymes found in malt Enzeco® Lipase RO 20 [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase derived from Rhizopus oryzae See Lipase CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Enzyme used in milk-related applics. Features: Produces significant levels of short chain fatty acids such as C8 Enzeco® Neutral Bacterial Protease 2X [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bacterial protease derived from Bacillus subtilis CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Enzyme used for the flavor modification of cheese, oils, and meats Features: Substantial amylase side activity; operating temp. ≤ 6- C Properties: pH 6.0-9.0 Enzeco® Pectinase AJ [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectinase derived from Aspergillus niger CAS 9032-75-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-885-6 Uses: Enzyme used to clarify fruit juices (such as apple and grape) and used for wine mfg. Properties: Liq. Enzeco® Pentosanase DV [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pentosanase Uses: Enzyme for baking Properties: Liq. Enzeco® Xylanase BSX [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xylanase derived from Bacillus subtilis 262

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 9025-55-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-798-3 Uses: Enzyme used to treat flours for the mfg. of bread and rolls; can be added to dough conditioners or directly in the bakery together with other baking ingreds. Properties: Lt. beige free-flowing powd.; 16,000 BXU/g Use Level: 4-9 g per cwt. flour Storage: Act. loss of < 10% within 1 yr.; store in a dry place @ R.T. Enzobake® [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of proteases and amylases from A. oryzae See Amylase; Protease Uses: Baking enzyme for addition to the sponge or dough side to improve fermentability and to relax the dough when using strong flours Properties: Powd. Enzopharm® [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of fungal amylase and fungal protease See Amylase Uses: Enzyme for nutritional supplements Epax 1050 TG [EPAX AS http://www.epax.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fish oil glycerides with eicosapentaenoic acid (6%) and docosahexaenoic acid (27% min.) See Fish glycerides CAS 100085-40-3; EINECS/ELINCS 309-181-3 Uses: Food additive in infant nutrition, functional foods; nutritional supplement for pregnancy/lactation, and elderly/geriatric nutrition Features: Omega-3 fatty acid Properties: Yel. liq.; sl. fish odor; soluble in organic solvent; sp.gr. Ca 900kg/m3; f.p. > 100 C Environmental: readily biodegradable; nontoxic to fish or other aquatic life Storage: Protect against oxidation; cover with nitrogen Epax 4510 TG [EPAX AS http://www.epax.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fish oil glycerides with eicosapentaenoic acid (44%) and docosahexaenoic acid (15% min.) See Fish glycerides Uses: Food additive Features: Omega-3 fatty acid Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; sl. fish odor; soluble in organic solvent; sp.gr. Ca 900kg/m3; f.p. > 180 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

C Environmental: readily biodegradable; nontoxic to fish or other aquatic life Storage: Protect against oxidation; cover with nitrogen Epax 5500 EE [EPAX AS http://www.epax.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethyl ester with eicosapentaenoic acid (30%) and docosahexaenoic acid (20% min.) Uses: Food additive Features: Omega-3 fatty acid Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; sl. fish odor; soluble in organic solvent; sp.gr. Ca 900kg/m3; f.p. > 160 C Environmental: readily biodegradable; nontoxic to fish or other aquatic life Storage: Protect against oxidation; cover with nitrogen Epax 6000 EE [EPAX AS http://www.epax.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethyl ester with eicosapentaenoic acid (33% min.) and docosahexaenoic acid (22% min.) Uses: Food additive Features: Omega-3 fatty acid Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; sl. fish odor; soluble in organic solvent; sp.gr. Ca 900kg/m3; f.p. > 160 C Environmental: readily biodegradable; nontoxic to fish or other aquatic life Storage: Protect against oxidation; cover with nitrogen Epax 6000 TG [EPAX AS http://www.epax.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fish oil glycerides with eicosapentaenoic acid (34%) and docosahexaenoic acid (24% min.) See Fish glycerides Uses: Food additive Features: Omega-3 fatty acid Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; sl. fish odor; soluble in organic solvent; sp.gr. Ca 900kg/m3; f.p. > 180 C Environmental: readily biodegradable; nontoxic to fish or other aquatic life Storage: Protect against oxidation; cover with nitrogen Epikuron™ 100 G [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled soy lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Surfactant, nutritional supplement for health foods, dietetic prods., tonics, 263

Part I: Trade Name Reference tablets, powd. mixes Properties: Gran. Epikuron™ 130 [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Phosphatidylcholine-enriched (30% min.) deoiled soy lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, choline enrichment, carrier for dietetics, tonics, tablets, nutritional supplements, powd. mixes Properties: Powd. Epikuron™ 130 G [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Phosphatidylcholine-enriched (30% min.) deoiled soy lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Surfactant for enhanced nutritional supplements, dietetic supplements, health foods Properties: Gran. Equal® [NutraSweet http://www.nutrasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aspartame CAS 22839-47-0; EINECS/ELINCS 245-261-3 Uses: Sweetener for foods, hot/cold beverages incl. yogurt, frozen desserts, soft drinks, puddings, breakfast foods Features: Low-calorie; limited use in cooking and baking; loss of sweetness may result on prolonged exposure to high temps.; 2 calories/tsp. Storage: Indefinite shelf life if kept dry, away from heat and humidity Eribate® [PMP Fermentation Prods. http://www.pmpinc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium erythorbate FCC CAS 6381-77-7; EINECS/ELINCS 228-973-9 Uses: Antioxidant, preservative for fresh and cured meats, fish, beverages, fruit, vegetables; inhibits growth of microorganisms and formation of nitrosamines in cured meats; color stabilizer, flavor protectant, shelf life extender in foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; USDA Properties: Wh. or ylsh. wh. cryst. powd. or gran., odorless; readily water-sol.; m.w. 216.12; pH 5.5-8.0 (1 in 20 sol'n.); 98.0% min. assay Use Level: 87.5 oz/100 gal of pickle, 7/8 oz/100 lb (meat or meat byprods.), 10% sol'n. (applied to surfaces of cured cuts prior to pkg.) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Stable in dry form, easily oxidized on exposure to air in aq. sol'n. Storage: Store in tight, light-resist. containers Eridex 16952 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Erythritol (99.5%) Chem. Analysis: 99.85% dry substance; < 0.2 Kcal/g CAS 149-32-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-737-3 Uses: Low-calorie sweetener; flavor enhancer, formulation aid, humectant, nutritive sweetener, stabilizer, thickener, sequestrant,and texturizer in sugar-free fruit preps., and low-calorie bakery pie fillings Features: Nonhygroscopic; low solubility, easy crystallization; reduced laxative effects; can easily be dissolved in water and is recommended for use in solutions Regulatory: FDA GRAS, Australia, New Zealand, JECFA, Taiwan, Singapore, Korea, Russia, Israel, South Africa and Paraguay approved Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sweet taste, cooling effect; pH (30% sol'n.) 6 Use Level: FDA: bakery fillings, cakes, and cookies- 15%; chewing gum-60%; reduced and low calorie carbonated and noncarbonated beverages- 3.5%; hard candy99%; frozen dairy desserts and puddings- 10% Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 36 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Eridex 16955 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Erythritol (99.85%) Chem. Analysis: (< 0.2 Kcal/g) CAS 149-32-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-737-3 Uses: Low-calorie sweetener; flavor enhancer, formulation aid, humectant, nutritive sweetener, stabilizer, thickener, sequestrant,and texturizer in sugar-free fruit preps., and low-calorie bakery pie fillings Features: Nonhygroscopic; low solubility, easy crystallization; reduced laxative effects; can easily be dissolved in water and is recommended for use in solutions Regulatory: FDA GRAS, Australia, New Zealand, JECFA, Taiwan, Singapore, Korea, Russia, Israel, South Africa and Paraguay approved 264

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Transparent coarse cryst.; sweet taste, cooling effect; pH (30% sol'n.) 6 Use Level: FDA: bakery fillings, cakes, and cookies- 15%; chewing gum-60%; reduced and low calorie carbonated and noncarbonated beverages- 3.5%; hard candy99%; frozen dairy desserts and puddings- 10% Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 36 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Ervol® [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, §178.3620(a) Properties: Water-wh., odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.849-0.865; visc. 24-26 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -7 C; flash pt. 185 C Esprion® 300 [DMV USA http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Demineralized and delactose whey Chem. Analysis: 30% protein; 55.8% carbohydrates; 2% fat; 8.7% (550 C) ash; 3.5% moisture; 1500 kJ/100g CAS 92129-90-3 Uses: Skim milk substitute in ice cream, other dairy prods., confectionery, soups, and sauces Features: 1:1 replacement for skim milk; between 25-50% of skim milk powd. can be replaced by this prod. Regulatory: EU compliant for non-GMO labeling Properties: Wh. to cream powd.; neutral taste; particle size <500 μm; pH (10% sol'n.) 6.4 Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored @5-25 C and < 70% r.h. in original, sealed pkg. Esprion® 611 [DMV USA http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Demineralized and delactose whey; vegetable fat, and mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids as an emulsifier Chem. Analysis: 15% protein; 27% carbohydrates; 51% fat; 8.7% (550 C) ash; 3% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

moisture; 2600 kJ/100g CAS 92129-90-3; 67254-73-3 Uses: Whole milk substitute in ice cream, bakery and pastry prods., soups, and sauces, esp. suitable for soft ice cream powd. and custom blended powd. mixts. for prep. of artisimal ice cream Features: Produces a good body and a creamy mouthfeel; economical Regulatory: EU compliant for non-GMO labeling Properties: Wh. to cream powd.; milky, creamy taste; particle size <500 μm; pH (10% sol'n.) 6.7 Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored @5-25 C and < 70% r.h. in original, sealed pkg. Essiccum® [Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dry soluble vinegar flavor (specially processed blend of sodium diacetate, citric acid, and lactose) Uses: Unique dry prod. tasting like vinegar; mild acidulant; for flavoring soups, gravies, dressings, fish prods., spice preps., sour dough; avoids pungent, tart, astringent flavor nuances of the fruit acids; stabilizes color; antimicrobial Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. powd., acetic acid odor; completely water-sol.; bulk dens. 900 g/l; pH 3.8 (1%); 1.7% max. water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4960 mg/kg (neutral); may cause eye or skin irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong bases and oxidizing agents Storage: Hygroscopic; store in original container tightly closed in dry, cool place Essiccum® K [Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dry soluble vinegar flavor (specially processed blend of sodium diacetate, citric acid, and lactose) Uses: Mild acidulant for flavoring soups, gravies, dressings, fish prods., spice preps., sour dough; color stabilizer; antimicrobial Features: Unique dry prod. tasting like vinegar; avoids pungent, tart, astringent flavor nuances of the fruit acids; lactose-free Regulatory: FDA approved; GRAS; Kosher Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., acetic acid odor; completely water-sol.; bulk dens. 900 g/l; pH 4.2 (1%); 51-55% assay (as free acetic acid) 265

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: May cause eye irritation HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Hygroscopic; 6 mos. shelf life in tightly sealed containers Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride (60% C8 + 40% C10) CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Solvent, carrier for flavors, fragrances, food ingreds.; lubricant, mold release for foods; nutrient, fat source in dietetic prods., adult and infant nutrition Features: Min. oil replacement Regulatory: Ph.Eur., BP, DAB compliance; Japan approval Properties: Lovibond 5Y/0.5R oil, odorless, bland taste; visc. 23 mPa·s; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 325-345; hyd. no. 5 max.; cloud pt. -8 C Environmental: readily biodeg. Storage: Store @ R.T. in dry atmosphere Estasan™ GT 8-60 3580 MCT Oil [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride (60% C8 + 40% C10) CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Solvent, carrier for flavors, fragrances, food ingreds.; lubricant, mold release for foods; fat source in dietetic prods. Regulatory: BP, DAB compliance; Japan approval; kosher; DSL listed Properties: Lovibond 5Y/0.5R oil, odorless, bland taste; visc. 30 mPa·s; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 325-345; hyd. no. 5 max.; cloud pt. -8 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >2 g/kg; vapor can cause irritation; eye irritant; nonirritant to skin; non mutagenic; TSCA listed Environmental: readily biodeg.; LC50 48 h, fish) >100 mg/l Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store @ R.T. in dry atmosphere Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride (65% C8 + 35% C10) CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Solvent, carrier for flavors, fragrances, food ingreds.; lubricant, mold release for Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods; nutrient, fat source in dietetic prods., adult and infant nutrition Features: Min. oil replacement Regulatory: Ph.Eur., BP, DAB compliance; Japan approval Properties: Lovibond 5Y/0.5R oil, odorless, bland taste; visc. 23 mPa·s; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 325-360; hyd. no. 5 max.; cloud pt. -5 C Environmental: readily biodeg. Storage: Store @ R.T. in dry atmosphere Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride (70% C8 + 25-30% C10) CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Solvent, carrier for flavors, fragrances, food ingreds.; lubricant, mold release for foods; nutrient, fat source in dietetic prods., adult and infant nutrition Features: Min. oil replacement Regulatory: Ph.Eur., BP, DAB compliance; Japan approval Properties: Lovibond 5Y/0.5R oil, odorless, bland taste; visc. 23 mPa·s; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 335-360; hyd. no. 5 max.; cloud pt. -12 C Environmental: readily biodeg. Storage: Store @ R.T. in dry atmosphere Ester Gum 8D [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deodorized glycerol ester of wood rosin, chewing gum grade (> 98%) and residual additives, modifiers, colorants, reactants and/or impurities (< 2%) See Glyceryl rosinate CAS 8050-31-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-482-5 Uses: Masticatory ingred. in chewing gums Features: Thermoplastic resin Regulatory: OSHA nonhazardous; DOT nonregulated; TDG nonregulated; ICAO nonregulated; IMDG nonregulated; WHMIS noncontrolled; SARA §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan MITI; Korea ECL Properties: USDA Rosin N max. flakes; odorless; negligible sol. in water; sol. in aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, and CCl4; sp.gr. 1.08; dens. 1.07 kg/l; soften. pt. 90 C; acid no. 6.5 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Wear face shield, gloves when 266

Part I: Trade Name Reference handling molten material; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed Ester Gum 8D-SP [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deodorized glycerol ester of tall oil rosin-chewing gum grade See Glyceryl rosinate CAS 8050-31-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-482-5 Uses: Hard thermoplastic resin used in chewing gums Properties: USDA Rosin Scale: WG solid, flakes; low odor; sol. in aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, and CCl4; dens. 1.07 k/gl; R&B soften. pt. 80 C; acid no. 6.9 Ester Gum 10D [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol ester of a partially dimerized rosin See Glyceryl rosinate CAS 8050-31-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-482-5 Uses: Softener, plasticizer for elastomeric masticatory agents in chewing gums Features: Thermoplastic resin Properties: USDA Rosin M max. flakes; sol. in aromatic, aliphatic, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones; insol. in water; G-H visc. H; soften. pt. 116 C; acid no. 7 Ethocel™ Standard 4 Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC, JP CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Color diluent in foods; fixing agent for flavors; binder, filler in dry vitamin preps., animal feeds; water vapor barrier to improve shelf life, prevent hydrolysis of ingreds., mask taste Features: Chemically inert; broad compat.; good stability @ pH 3-11 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.1001(b), 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Wh. to lt. tan gran. powd.; essentially odorless and tasteless; insol. in water; bulk dens. 0.4 g/cc; visc. 3-5.5 cP (5% in 80/20 toluene:alcohol); nonionic; 48.0-49.5% ethoxyl content Toxicology: Dust may cause temporary mech. irritation to eyes under extreme conditions; considered nuisance dusts when inhaled Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Environmental: nonbiodeg. Precaution: Will burn under certain conditions; melts on exposure to open flame; supports combustion; can form explosive mixts. in air; store away from peroxides or other oxidizing agents Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored below 32 C in dry area away from heat sources Ethocel™ Standard 7 FP Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC, JP CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Binder, filler for foods; protective coating for vitamin/min. tablets; fixing agent for flavors Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.1001, 172.868, 573.420; FCC III and NF 18 compliance Properties: Wh. fine particle; 5-15 µ mean particle size; essentially odorless and tasteless; sol. in org. solvs. incl. aliphatic alcohols, ethers, ketones, and aromatic hydrocarbons; insol. in water; visc. 6-8 cP; nonionic; 48-49.5% ethoxyl content; 2% moisture Toxicology: Dust may cause temporary mech. irritation to eyes under extreme conditions; considered nuisance dusts when inhaled Environmental: nonbiodeg. Precaution: Will burn under certain conditions; melts on exposure to open flame; supports combustion; can form explosive mixts. in air; store away from peroxides or other oxidizing agents Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored below 32 C in dry area away from heat sources Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC, JP CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Binder, filler for foods, dry vitamin preps., animal feed; protective coating for vitamin/min. tablets; color diluent in foods; fixing agent for flavors; water vapor barrier to improve shelf life, prevent hydrolysis of ingreds., mask taste Features: Chemically inert; broad compat.; good stability @ pH 3-11 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.1001(b), 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Wh. to lt. tan gran. powd.; essentially 267

Part I: Trade Name Reference odorless and tasteless; insol. in water; bulk dens. 0.4 g/cc; visc. 6-8 cP (5% in 80/20 toluene:alcohol); nonionic; 48.0-49.5% ethoxyl content Toxicology: Dust may cause temporary mech. irritation to eyes under extreme conditions; considered nuisance dusts when inhaled Environmental: nonbiodeg. Precaution: Will burn under certain conditions; melts on exposure to open flame; supports combustion; can form explosive mixts. in air; store away from peroxides or other oxidizing agents Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored below 32 C in dry area away from heat sources Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC, JP CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Binder, filler for foods, dry vitamin preps., animal feed; protective coating for vitamin/min. tablets; color diluent in foods; fixing agent for flavors; water vapor barrier to improve shelf life, prevent hydrolysis of ingreds., mask taste Features: Chemically inert; broad compat.; good stability @ pH 3-11 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.1001(b), 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Wh. to lt. tan gran. powd.; essentially odorless and tasteless; insol. in water; bulk dens. 0.4 g/cc; visc. 9-11 cP (5% in 80/20 toluene:alcohol); nonionic; 48.0-49.5% ethoxyl content Toxicology: Dust may cause temporary mech. irritation to eyes under extreme conditions; considered nuisance dusts when inhaled Environmental: nonbiodeg. Precaution: Will burn under certain conditions; melts on exposure to open flame; supports combustion; can form explosive mixts. in air; store away from peroxides or other oxidizing agents Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored below 32 C in dry area away from heat sources Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC, JP CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Binder, filler for foods, dry vitamin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

preps., animal feed; protective coating for vitamin/min. tablets; color diluent in foods; fixing agent for flavors; water vapor barrier to improve shelf life, prevent hydrolysis of ingreds., mask taste Features: Chemically inert; broad compat.; good stability @ pH 3-11 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.1001(b), 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Wh. to lt. tan gran. powd.; essentially odorless and tasteless; insol. in water; visc. 12.6-15.4 (5% sol'n of 80% toluene and 20% alcohol); nonionic; 48.0-49.5% ethoxyl content Toxicology: Dust may cause temporary mech. irritation to eyes under extreme conditions; considered nuisance dusts when inhaled Environmental: nonbiodeg. Precaution: Will burn under certain conditions; melts on exposure to open flame; supports combustion; can form explosive mixts. in air; store away from peroxides or other oxidizing agents Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored below 32 C in dry area away from heat sources Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC, JP CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Binder, filler for foods, dry vitamin preps., animal feed; protective coating for vitamin/min. tablets; color diluent in foods; fixing agent for flavors; water vapor barrier to improve shelf life, prevent hydrolysis of ingreds., mask taste Features: Chemically inert; broad compat.; good stability @ pH 3-11 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.1001(b), 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Wh. to lt. tan gran. powd.; essentially odorless and tasteless; insol. in water; bulk dens. 0.4 g/cc; visc. 18-22 cP (5% in 80/20 toluene:alcohol); nonionic; 48.0-49.5% ethoxyl content Toxicology: Dust may cause temporary mech. irritation to eyes under extreme conditions; considered nuisance dusts when inhaled Environmental: nonbiodeg. Precaution: Will burn under certain conditions; melts on exposure to open flame; supports combustion; can form explosive mixts. in air; store away from peroxides or 268

Part I: Trade Name Reference other oxidizing agents Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored below 32 C in dry area away from heat sources Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC, JP CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Binder, filler for foods, dry vitamin preps., animal feed; protective coating for vitamin/min. tablets; color diluent in foods; fixing agent for flavors; water vapor barrier to improve shelf life, prevent hydrolysis of ingreds., mask taste Features: Chemically inert; broad compat.; good stability @ pH 3-11 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.1001(b), 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Wh. to lt. tan gran. powd.; essentially odorless and tasteless; insol. in water; bulk dens. 0.4 g/cc; visc. 41-49 cP (5% in 80/20 toluene:alcohol); nonionic; 48.0-49.5% ethoxyl content Toxicology: Dust may cause temporary mech. irritation to eyes under extreme conditions; considered nuisance dusts when inhaled Environmental: nonbiodeg. Precaution: Will burn under certain conditions; melts on exposure to open flame; supports combustion; can form explosive mixts. in air; store away from peroxides or other oxidizing agents Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored below 32 C in dry area away from heat sources Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylcellulose NF, FCC, JP CAS 9004-57-3 Uses: Binder, filler for foods, dry vitamin preps., animal feed; protective coating for vitamin/min. tablets; color diluent in foods; fixing agent for flavors; water vapor barrier to improve shelf life, prevent hydrolysis of ingreds., mask taste Features: Chemically inert; broad compat.; good stability @ pH 3-11 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.1001(b), 172.868, 573.420 Properties: Wh. to lt. tan gran. powd.; essentially odorless and tasteless; insol. in water; bulk dens. 0.4 g/cc; visc. 90-110 cP (5% in 80/20 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

toluene:alcohol); nonionic; 48.0-49.5% ethoxyl content Toxicology: Dust may cause temporary mech. irritation to eyes under extreme conditions; considered nuisance dusts when inhaled Environmental: nonbiodeg. Precaution: Will burn under certain conditions; melts on exposure to open flame; supports combustion; can form explosive mixts. in air; store away from peroxides or other oxidizing agents Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored below 32 C in dry area away from heat sources Evanstab® 12 [Evans Chemetics http://www.evans-chemetics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dilauryl thiodipropionate CAS 123-28-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-614-1 Uses: Stabilizer, preservative for oils, fats, foods Features: Nonstaining Properties: Wh. cryst. flakes or powd.; m.w. 514; f.p. 40.0 C min.; sol. in acetone, MEK, nheptane, toluene, ethyl acetate, ethanol; acid no. 1.0 max.; 99.0% min. assay Evanstab® 18 [Evans Chemetics http://www.evans-chemetics.com] Chem. Descrip.: Distearyl thiodipropionate CAS 693-36-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-750-5 Uses: Antioxidant for edible fats and oils Features: Nonstaining Regulatory: FDA approved Properties: Wh. cryst. flakes or powd.; m.w. 683; f.p. 64.0 C min.; sol. (g/100 g sol'n.) 11 g toluene, 2 g n-heptane; < 1 g ethyl acetate, 95% ethanol, MEK, water; 98.0% min. assay EverFresh® [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Uses: Melanosis inhibitor, sulfite replacement to prevent blackspot on shrimp Features: Patented; binds to the enzyme causing undesirable surf. discoloration; no effect on flavor or texture; more effective than sulfites; self-affirmed GRAS prod. Eversoft Plus Kosher [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour, calcium sulfate, salt, and enzyme See Sodium chloride; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Enzymatic softener for yeast-raised white bread, hamburger buns, sweet rolls, donuts, and sponge, snack, and foam cakes 269

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Cream-colored powd.; 8.9-11.9% moisture, 2.6-3.6% salt Exafine® 250 [Cosucra SA http://www.cosucra.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pea outer fibers Uses: Dietary fiber with high water retention capacity; for bakery prods., pasta, snacks, cereals, dietary specialties, extruded prods. Properties: Beige powd., neutral taste; 90% < 250 µ; 90% min. dry matter. Storage: Store under dry conditions Exafine® 500 [Cosucra SA http://www.cosucra.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pea outer fibers Uses: Dietary fiber with high water retention capacity; for bakery prods., pasta, snacks, cereals, dietary specialties, extruded prods. Properties: Beige powd., neutral taste; 90% < 500 µ; 90% min. dry matter. Storage: Store under dry conditions Exafine® 1000 [Cosucra SA http://www.cosucra.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pea outer fibers Uses: Dietary fiber with high water retention capacity; for bakery prods., pasta, snacks, cereals, dietary specialties, extruded prods. Properties: Beige powd., neutral taste; 90% < 1 mm; 90% min. dry matter. Storage: Store under dry conditions Exafine® 2000 [Cosucra SA http://www.cosucra.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pea outer fibers Uses: Dietary fiber with high water retention capacity; for bakery prods., pasta, snacks, cereals, dietary specialties, extruded prods. Properties: Beige powd., neutral taste; 90% < 2 mm; 90% min. dry matter. Storage: Store under dry conditions Excel 122V [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl mono/distearate; glyceryl mono/dioleate Uses: Emulsifier for foods, margarine, shortening; emulsifier, dispersant for peanut butter; antistaling agent for bread, prepared mixes Regulatory: Japan approved food additive; JHOSPA compliance Properties: Lt. yel. paste; sol. hazy in ethanol, xylene; disp. in hexane; insol. in water; visc. 42 mPa·s (60 C); HLB 3; acid no. 3 max.; nonionic; 100% conc.; 52% min. total monoglycerides Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Excel 200 [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl mono/distearate; glyceryl mono/dioleate Uses: Emulsifier for foods, margarine, shortening; emulsifier, dispersant for peanut butter; antistaling agent for bread, prepared mixes Regulatory: Japan approved food additive; JHOSPA compliance Properties: Wh. powd.; disp. in ethanol, xylene; insol. in water, hexane; visc. 29 mPa·s (74 C); HLB 3.5; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 14-18; nonionic; 100% conc.; 79% min. total monoglycerides Excel O-95F [Kao/Edible Fat & Oil http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Monoglyceride oleic acid base, distilled See Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Emulsifier Properties: Solid; HLB 3.5; nonionic; 100% conc. Excel O-95R [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Monoglyceride oleic acid base, distilled See Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; flavoring agent Features: High purity; effective at lower use levels; good stability Regulatory: JSCI compliance Properties: Wh. waxy solid; mild taste; sol. in ethanol, xylene; insol. in water, hexane; HLB 3.5; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 75-85; nonionic; 100% conc.; 93% min. total monoglycerides Excel P-40 [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol monostearate, glycerol distearate See Glyceryl distearate; Glyceryl stearate Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Wh. powd.; sl. insol. in xylene; insol. in ethanol, n-hexane, water; acid no. 3 max.; HLB 2.8 Excel P-40S [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl mono and distearates See Glyceryl mono/distearate Uses: Emulsifier for foods, margarine, shortening; emulsifier, dispersant for peanut butter; antistaling agent for bread, prepared mixes Regulatory: Japan approved food additive; JHOSPA compliance Properties: Wh. powd.; disp. in water, xylene; 270

Part I: Trade Name Reference insol. in ethanol, hexane; visc. 26 mPa·s (80 C); m.p. 55.5-59.5 C; HLB 2.8; acid no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 163-173; nonionic; 100% conc.; 35% min. total monoglycerides Excel T-95 [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: High purity; effective at lower use levels; good stability Regulatory: Japan approved food additive; JSCI, JHOSPA compliance Properties: Wh. beads; mild taste; disp. in ethanol, xylene; insol. in water, hexane; visc. 28 mPa·s (80 C); m.p. 63-68 C; HLB 3.8; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 155165; nonionic; 100% conc.; 95% min. total monoglycerides Excel T-95 Powder [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol monostearate See Glyceryl stearate Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Wh. powd.; sl. sol. in ethanol, xylene; insol. in n-hexane, water; m.p. 63-68 C; acid no. 2 max.; HLB 3.8 Excel VS-95 [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Monoglyceride, dist. See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: High purity; effective at lower use levels; good stability Regulatory: Japan approved food additive; JSCI compliance Properties: Wh. beads; mild taste; disp. in ethanol, xylene; insol. in water, hexane; m.p. 63-68 C; HLB 3.8; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 155-165; nonionic; 100% conc.; 95% min. total monoglycerides Excelsponge-7 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled monoglyceride, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, polyglycerol fatty acid ester, sorbitol CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Foaming gel for sponge cake with fat and oil Exp F 115 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Gelling agent, texturizer, visc. control Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

agent in confectionery Exp F 117 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gelling agent, texturizer, visc. control agent in confectionery Exp F 301 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Cold processing agent, freeze/thaw stabilizer, moisture control agent, shelflife/freshness improver, texturizer, visc. control agent in bakery, snacks; cold processing agent, shelf-life/freshness improver, texturizer, visc. control agent in fruit fillings, fruit preps., jams; bodying agent, cold processing agent, process stability improver, texturizer, visc. control agent in dairy Exp F 303 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Cold processing agent, freeze/thaw stabilizer, moisture control agent, shelflife/freshness improver, texturizer, visc. control agent in bakery, snacks; cold processing agent, shelf-life/freshness improver, texturizer, visc. control agent in fruit fillings, fruit preps., jams; bodying agent, cold processing agent, process stability improver, texturizer, visc. control agent in dairy Exp F 307 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Cold processing agent, freeze/thaw stabilizer, moisture control agent, shelflife/freshness improver, texturizer, visc. control agent in bakery, snacks; cold processing agent, shelf-life/freshness improver, texturizer, visc. control agent in fruit fillings, fruit preps., jams; bodying agent, cold processing agent, process 271

Part I: Trade Name Reference stability improver, texturizer, visc. control agent in dairy Expandex™ Modified Starch [Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified tapioca starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Texturizer, expansion and structure stabilizer for ethnic and gluten-free bakery applics.; synergist for leavening agents Explosol® SSG-1 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium starch glycolate CAS 9063-38-1 Uses: Disintegrant, dissolution aid in dry blends, foods Features: Absorbs water rapidly; resulting swelling causes rapid disintegration of tablets and granules Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. relatively free-flowing powd.; ≤ 10% on 200 mesh; odorless; tasteless; visc. 36 cps; pH 6.45 (1 g/30 ml water); 1.03% loss on drying Explosol® SSG-2 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium starch glycolate CAS 9063-38-1 Uses: Disintegrant, dissolution aid in dry blends, foods Features: Absorbs water rapidly; resulting swelling causes rapid disintegration of tablets and granules Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. relatively free-flowing powd.; ≤ 10% on 200 mesh; odorless; tasteless; visc. 24 cps; pH 6.90 (1 g/30 ml water); 3.56% loss on drying Exp-Merigel 113 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: waxy maize starch, See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Water binder, viscosity builder, freeze/thaw stabilizer in instant desserts, soups and sauces Features: Highly crosslinked and stabilised pregelatinized starch; to low pH and high sheer processing and it provides better dispersibility and faster viscosity development Export Masa Enrichment [ADM Specialty Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch; vitamin A palmitate; niacin; BHA; BHT; reduced iron; thiamine mononitrate; riboflavin; tricalcium phosphate; folic acid See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Corn (Zea mays) starch; Nicotinic acid; Retinyl palmitate; Thiamine nitrate Uses: Enrichment blend for corn masa flour Features: Meets fortification requirement for Instant Corn-Soya Masa Flour (MF) Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 0.5 oz/100 lb of instant corn masa flour/soya flour formulated blend Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use Export Mineral Blend with TCP [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: tricalcium phosphate; iodized salt; magnesium oxide; ferrous fumarate; zinc sulfate See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Sodium chloride Uses: Specialty mineral blend for export blends Features: Meets min. requirements for Corn-Soy Blend (CSB), Wheat-Soy Blend (WSB), CornSoy Milk Blend (CSSM), Wheat-Soy Milk Blend (WSM) Properties: Powd. Use Level: 60.17 lb/2000 lb batch of final product Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use Expresa® 2200 [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Brewer's yeast extract, purified and autolyzed See Yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Flavor enhancer, bodying agent, mouthfeel enhancer, nutrient in savory foods, biscuits, sauces, dark meaty flavors, snack seasonings Features: Instant solubility; high sol. nitrogen components (> 11%); very low NaCl (< 0.2%) and chloride Exter™ Family [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed vegetable proteins See Hydrolyzed vegetable protein CAS 100209-45-8; EINECS/ELINCS 309-353-8 272

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Flavoring agent for beef, chicken, cheese, fish, bouillon, pork Features: Flavor-specific profile incl. basic HVP flavors, general roasted/brown beef, chicken, pork, tomato, onion, cheese, mushroom, bacon, and ham Regulatory: Meets US and European regulatory standards Properties: Powd., liq., and paste forms Extract of Hog Bile [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hog bile extract contg. hyodeoxycholic acid, sodium glycohyodeoxycholate, sodium taurohydeoxycholate Uses: Nutritive food additive Storage: Preserve in tight containers with moisture-proof liners, in cool, dry place Extract of Ox Bile NF XI [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ox bile extract contg. 45-50% sodium taurocholate, 25% sodium glycocholate EINECS/ELINCS 206-643-5 Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Lt. color; sol. in water, alcohol; pH 6.5-7.5 Storage: Preserve in tight containers with moisture-proof liners, in cool, dry place Extram® H [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy flour, whey, calcium sulfate See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Chem. Analysis: 5.9% moisture Uses: Nonfat dry milk replacement, texturizer in baked goods, breads, cakes, sweet goods, cookies, donuts, Roman Meal prods. Features: Economical Properties: 41% protein Use Level: 1-3% on flour wt.; replaces nonfat dry milk @ lb for lb (breads, sweet goods, cookies); 20-50% replacement of nonfat dry milk (cakes, donuts) Storage: 9 mos. max. shelf life; store in cool, dry location; keep container closed when not in use Eye Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Powd. E-Z 1 [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Dough improver for all flat breads incl. pitas, pizzas, and tortillas; improves flavor, handling, and shelf-life EZ Fill 06370 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Starch sodium octenyl succinate Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.2% ash; SO2 10 mg/kg max. Uses: Filling aid in canned soups, sauces and gravies, canned pasta sauces, canned pet foods, shelf-stable items Features: High filling viscosity; cohesive texture; ensures uniform suspension of particulates for consistent fill; minimal splash-out or spillage for high-speed fillings; retains some viscosity post-process Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 740 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity EZ Fill 06750 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 12% moisture CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Filling aid in canned soups, canned stews, canned pet foods, shelf-stable retorted items Features: Cooks out quickly to a high initial visc.; cohesive texture; provides uniform suspension of particulates for consistent fill; starch thins during retorting to permit rapid heat penetration; limited residual viscosity after retorting; exc. clarity Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 740 g/l; pH (1:3) 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Famodan MS Kosher [Danisco USA 273

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; fat crystal modifier and bloom retarder in cocoa butter substitutes, compd. coatings, imitation dairy systems; texturizer for frostings and icings Regulatory: EU, FDA 21CFR §172.842, FCC, kosher; ADI 0-25 mg/kg Properties: Coarse powd.; m.p. 57 C; acid no. 510; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 147-157; hyd. no. 235-260; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.5-2% based on fat content Storage: Store in cool, dry area Farinex™ T 440 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: tapioca starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Thickener for cold-prepared fruit fillings and jams Features: Exc. clarity; rapid visc. development; smooth, shiny appearance Farinex WM 55 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy maize starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Binder, thickener, and shelf-life improver in bakery prods. and instant desserts including cream fillings Features: Good resistance to shear and heat Fat Replacer 785 [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carbohydrates (maltodextrin, vegetable fiber), stabilizers (carrageenan, carboxymethylcellulose sodium), flavor See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Chem. Analysis: 45-50% carbohydrates, 5% max. protein, 5% max. salt, 0.5% max. fat, 5% max. moisture CAS 9050-36-6; 9000-07-1; 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4; 232-524-2; 265995-8 Uses: Fat replacement for partial or full replacement of solid animal fats in processed meat prods. (burgers, cooked sausage, liver paté); reduces cooking/frying losses Features: Does not affect taste, texture, or mouthfeel; stable @ -18 to 160 C FDF™ [Cargill Flavor Systems http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/] Uses: Cheese, butter flavor in food Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Variety of flavor profiles available Properties: Liq. F E Blend K with Folic Acid [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch; niacin; reduced iron; thiamine mononitrate; riboflavin; folic acid; tricalcium phosphate See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Corn (Zea mays) starch; Nicotinic acid; Thiamine nitrate Uses: Enrichment blend for corn meal Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 0.25 oz/100 lb of corn meal Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use Fermaloid® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monocalcium phosphate, corn starch, salt, ammonium sulfate, potassium bromate, potassium iodate See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Corn (Zea mays) starch; Sodium chloride Uses: Yeast food, dough improver, and water conditioner for breads, fermentation Features: Acid-type; provides acid salt to lower pH value in the dough Properties: Gran.; 100% through 20 mesh Use Level: 8-10 oz/100 lb flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Ferment Buffer [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calciumcarbonate, ammonium sulfate, flour, calcium sulfate, salt See Calcium carbonate; Sodium chloride Uses: Yeast food, buffer for controlled fermentation brew systems Features: Produces even yeast growth for optimum prod. of fermentation flavors and yeast conditioning Properties: Off-wh. gran.; 100% through 20 mesh; 2.5% moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300 [Nikken Foods Co. Ltd. http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Naturally fermented soy sauce with added MSG See Caprylic glycinate; MSG 274

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 142-47-2 Uses: Flavoring for soups, stews, gravies, seasonings, cocktail mixes, juices, dressings, vegetable spreads, snack foods, prepared foods Properties: Free-flowing powd. Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area in sealed containers; avoid storage at elevated temps. Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301 [Nikken Foods Co. Ltd. http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Naturally fermented soy sauce Uses: Flavoring for soups, stews, gravies, seasonings, cocktail mixes, juices, dressings, vegetable spreads, snack foods, prepared foods Properties: Free-flowing powd. Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area in sealed containers; avoid storage at elevated temps. Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303 [Nikken Foods Co. Ltd. http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Naturally fermented soy sauce Uses: Flavoring for soups, stews, gravies, seasonings, cocktail mixes, juices, dressings, vegetable spreads, snack foods, prepared foods Properties: Free-flowing powd. Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area in sealed containers; avoid storage at elevated temps. Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307 [Nikken Foods Co. Ltd. http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Naturally fermented soy sauce Uses: Flavoring for soups, stews, gravies, seasonings, cocktail mixes, juices, dressings, vegetable spreads, snack foods, prepared foods Properties: Free-flowing powd. Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area in sealed containers; avoid storage at elevated temps. Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311 [Nikken Foods Co. Ltd. http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Naturally fermented soy sauce Uses: Flavoring for soups, stews, gravies, seasonings, cocktail mixes, juices, dressings, vegetable spreads, snack foods, prepared foods Properties: Free-flowing powd. Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area in sealed containers; avoid storage at elevated Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

temps. Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317 [Nikken Foods Co. Ltd. http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Naturally fermented soy sauce Uses: Flavoring for soups, stews, gravies, seasonings, cocktail mixes, juices, dressings, vegetable spreads, snack foods, prepared foods Properties: Free-flowing powd. Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area in sealed containers; avoid storage at elevated temps. Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320 [Nikken Foods Co. Ltd. http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Naturally fermented Chineseproduced soy sauce Uses: Flavoring for soups, stews, gravies, seasonings, cocktail mixes, juices, dressings, vegetable spreads, snack foods, prepared foods Properties: Free-flowing powd. Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area in sealed containers; avoid storage at elevated temps. Ferronyl® [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Carbonyl iron FCC See Iron CAS 7439-89-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-096-4 Uses: Dietary iron supplement for vitamins, foods, animal feeds Features: High bioavailability; highly resist. to oxidation Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR §184.1375, 582.5375 Properties: Micropowd.; 3-4 µ avg. particle size; 90% < 10 µ particle size; 98% min. Fe Toxicology: Very low toxicity FiberRite™ RW [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Fiber source and crispness enhancer in bakery prods., pasta and nutritional food prods., snacks, batter prods., and breakfast cereals Features: Easily incorporated in food formulations Properties: Wh.; neutral flavor Fibersym® RW [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch 275

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Fiber source and crispness enhancer in bakery prods., pasta and nutritional food prods., snacks, batter prods., and breakfast cereals Features: Resistant; delivers 70% total dietary fiber (AOAC Method 991.43); low waterholding capacity; nearly invisible source of fiber Properties: Wh.; neutral flavor Fibrex® [Danisco Sugar http://www.danisco.com; Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Natural prod. from sugarbeets Uses: Dietary fiber for bakery prods., meat prods.; moisture retention aid, shelf life extender in breads; fat replacer (finer fractions); texturizer (coarse fractions) Features: Provides calorie reduction, prolongs freshness in bread thru water-holding capacity; gluten-free Properties: Avail. in various particle sizes, coarse sm. and large flakes; pH 4.5±0.5; 73% dietary fiber of which 1/3 is soluble Use Level: 1-3% on flour wt. (breads), 1-1.5% on meat quantity (meat loaf, sauce, pates, soups), 0.5-1% (hamburgers) Storage: Store dry @ < 65% r.h. Fibrim® [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for baked goods, cereals, beverages, high-fiber and reduced-calorie foods Properties: Light color; neutral taste Fibruline® XL [Cosucra SA http://www.cosucra.com] Chem. Descrip.: Chicory inulin Chem. Analysis: 99% min. fiber; 0.5% free sugars CAS 9005-80-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-684-3 Uses: Fat mimetic, fat replacement, and texturizer in food Features: Natural, GMO-free Properties: Wh. fiber; tasteless and odorless; highly dispersible Storage: Store under dry conditions for max. 1 yr. Fibruline® Instant [Cosucra SA http://www.cosucra.com] Chem. Descrip.: Chicory inulin Chem. Analysis: 90% min. fiber CAS 9005-80-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-684-3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Fat mimetic and texturizer in food Features: Natural, GMO-free Properties: Wh. fiber; tasteless and odorless; highly dispersible; 10% solubility Storage: Store under dry conditions for max. 1 yr. Filmtec® [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membranes consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for liq. separations for food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Filmtec® BW30-400 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations for food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Filmtec® BW30-2540 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations for food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: 2.5 in.; water flow rate 600 gpd Filmtec® BW30-4014 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Properties: 4 in.; water flow rate 450 gpd Filmtec® BW30-4040 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin 276

Part I: Trade Name Reference polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations for food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: 4 in.; water flow rate 1800 gpd Filmtec® SW30-2514 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for sea water purification for emergency drinking water at sea Properties: Water flow rate 100 gpd Filmtec® SW30-2540 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for sea water purification for emergency drinking water at sea, food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: Water flow rate 500 gpd Filmtec® SW30-4040 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for sea water purification for emergency drinking water at sea, food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: Water flow rate 1500 gpd Filmtec® SW30HR-2521 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Membrane for sea water purification for emergency drinking water at sea, food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: Water flow rate 130 gpd Filmtec® TW30-2026 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations of tap water elements for use in food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: 2.12 in.; water flow rate 220 gpd Filmtec® TW30-2514 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations of tap water elements for use in food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: 2.5 in.; water flow rate 150 gpd Filmtec® TW30-2521 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations of tap water elements for use in food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: 2.5 in.; water flow rate 250 gpd

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Filmtec® TW30-2540 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations of tap water elements for use in food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: 2.5 in.; water flow rate 600 gpd Filmtec® TW30-4014 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations of tap water elements for use in food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: 4 in.; water flow rate 450 gpd Filmtec® TW30-4021 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations of tap water elements for use in food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: 4 in.; water flow rate 800 gpd Filmtec® TW30-4040 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations of tap water elements for use in food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Properties: 4 in.; water flow rate 1800 gpd Filmtec® TW30HP-2540 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations of tap water elements for use in food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Filmtec® TW30HP-4611 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations of tap water elements for use in food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Filmtec® TW30HP-4641 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spiral wound, composite thin film membrane consisting of ultrathin polyamide barrier, polysulfone interlayer, and polyester web See Polysulfone resin Uses: Membrane for RO liq. separations of tap water elements for use in food processing Features: Superior resist. to chem. hydrolysis and microbiological attack Regulatory: Meets all FDA requirements for food contact Finlac™ DC [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactitol CAS 585-86-4; EINECS/ELINCS 209-566-6 Uses: Sweetener for confections Features: Reduced caloric level; requires no binders; nonhygroscopic Regulatory: EP Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; pract. odorless; 278

Part I: Trade Name Reference mild, sweet taste; 100% assay Finmalt L [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol syrup CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0 Uses: Sweetener for foods, soft candies Features: Sugar replacement and reduction; calorie reduction Properties: Colorless liq., odorless, sweet taste; pH 4-6; 75% dry substance Storage: Store below 30 C; avoid temp. fluctuations, water condensation Firm-Tex® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, binder, texturizer, shelf life extender in cooked meat prods., e.g., turkey rolls; moisture loss reducer in vacuum packaged meats; visc. builder, texturizer in high pH soups, sauces, gravies; water binder in pasta fillings Features: Low gelatinization temp.; exc. water binding capacity; partial replacement for skin milk powd.; smooth, short texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Use Level: 2-4% Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Fish 30% [Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com] Chem. Descrip.: Marine lipid conc. Uses: Nutrient supplement Properties: Gardner 5.5 color; sp.gr. 0.9170.932; acid no. 2; iodine no. 180-205; sapon. no. 180-192

http://www.aristaindustries.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fish liver oil Uses: Nutritive additive Properties: Acid no. < 1.2; iodine no. 140-180; sapon. no. 155-175 Flavourcin™ 1500 [Britannia Natural Prods. http://amcan-ingredients.com/pages/fca.htm] Uses: Flavoring agent, antibacterial for foods (soups, sauces, dips, spreads, frozen foods) Features: Garlic flavor Properties: Aq. sol'n. or dry powd. Flo-Max 5 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: Moisture ≈ 10%) Uses: Glaze for fruits, nuts, pastries; replacement for gum Arabic Regulatory: OSHA nonhazardous Properties: Off-wh. powd.; starch odor; m.w. 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5 Toxicology: May cause mechanical eye irritation; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, nitrogen, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps. FloAm® 200 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Powdered cellulose, dextrose, enzymes See Glucose Uses: Oxygen scavenger, anticaking agent, antimycotic reducing oxygen levels in packaged shredded cheese (mozzarella, muenster, Monterey jack) Properties: Wh. fibrous powd.; 5% max. 100 mesh, 20% max. 200 mesh; partly sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5 g/cc; pH 5-7.5 (10% susp.) Use Level: 2% by wt. of cheese Toxicology: Inhalation of enzyme dust may cause allergenic reactions on repeated exposure; skin/eye irritant on prolonged direct contact Storage: Store in cool, dry area; avoid exposure to high temps. and humidity FloAm® 200C [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Powdered cellulose, dextrose, annatto, enzymes See Annatto (Bixa orellana); Glucose

Fish Liver Oil [Arista Ind. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Oxygen scavenger, anticaking agent, antimycotic reducing oxygen levels in packaged shredded cheese (cheddar or Colby type cheeses) Properties: Cheese-colored fibrous powd.; 5% max. 100 mesh, 20% max. 200 mesh; partly sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5 g/cc; pH 5-7.5 (10% susp.) Use Level: 2% by wt. of cheese Toxicology: Inhalation of enzyme dust may cause allergenic reactions on repeated exposure; skin/eye irritant on prolonged direct contact Storage: Store in cool, dry area; avoid exposure to high temps. and humidity FloAm® 210 HC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Powdered cellulose, dextrose, annatto, enzymes See Annatto (Bixa orellana); Glucose Uses: Oxygen scavenger, anticaking agent, antimycotic reducing oxygen levels in packaged shredded cheese Properties: Cheese-colored fibrous powd.; 5% max. 100 mesh, 20% max. 200 mesh; partly sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5 g/cc; pH 5-7.5 (10% susp.) Use Level: 2% Toxicology: Inhalation of enzyme dust may cause allergenic reactions on repeated exposure; skin/eye irritant on prolonged direct contact Storage: Store in cool, dry area; avoid exposure to high temps. and humidity FloAm® 221 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Powdered cellulose, potassium sorbate Uses: Anticaking agent, antimycotic agent reducing oxygen levels in packaged shredded cheese Properties: Powd.; 5% max. 100 mesh, 20% max. 200 mesh; pH 5-7.5 (10% susp.) FloAm® 240 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose, dextrose, enzymes See Glucose Uses: Oxygen scavenger, reducing oxygen levels in packaged cheese

See Glucose Uses: Oxygen scavenger which preserves freshness of shredded and grated cheese prods. without use of fungicides, bactericides, or other toxic compds., while acting as anticaking agent; antimycotic agent by reducing oxygen level in pkg. Properties: Trace through 30 mesh; 30% through 100 mesh; 60% through 200 mesh; pH 5-7.5 Use Level: 2% (shredded cheese) FloAm® 500 CF [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Rice flour, nat. flavors, salt, dextrose, annatto, enzymes See Annatto (Bixa orellana); Glucose Uses: Oxygen scavenger, anticaking agent, antimycotic agent in shredded cheese; cheddar flavor enhancer Properties: Trace through 30 mesh; 30% through 100 mesh; 60% through 200 mesh; pH 4.5-7 Use Level: 4% FloAm® 500 TF [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Rice flour, taco spices, salt, dextrose, annatto, enzymes See Annatto (Bixa orellana); Glucose Uses: Oxygen scavenger, anticaking agent, antimycotic agent in shredded cheese; provides taco flavoring for food service or consumer pkgs. of flavored cheese Properties: Trace through 30 mesh; 30% through 100 mesh; 60% through 200 mesh; pH 5-7.5 Use Level: 4% FloAm® 540 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Rice flour, dextrose, enzymes See Glucose Uses: Oxygen scavenger which preserves freshness of packaged cheese prods. FloAm® 740 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Rice flour, cellulose, dextrose, enzymes See Glucose Uses: Oxygen scavenger which preserves freshness of packaged cheese prods., esp. high moisture cheese

FloAm® 500 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Rice flour, dextrose, enzymes Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part I: Trade Name Reference FloAm® System [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Oxygen scavenging enzymes, anticaking agent (powd. cellulose, sodium aluminum silicate, microcryst. cellulose, etc.), dextrose (a processing aid) See Glucose; Microcrystalline cellulose; Sodium silicoaluminate Uses: Oxygen scavenging enzyme system which protects packaged prods. from mold by reducing oxygen content; produces no off flavors or odors; used for shredding or dicing of mozzarella, muenster, monterey jack, and other cheeses Properties: Wh. powd. Use Level: 2% max. (CFR) Flo-Gard® AB [PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com] Chem. Descrip.: Amorphous silica See Silica, amorphous Chem. Analysis: SiO2 anhyd. basis (97.5% ) CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Anticaking agent for powd. foods; absorbent for oils and fats in batter mixes, bread conditioners, dried egg yolks, dehydrated soup mixes, milk substitutes, real and artificial cheese powds., spices, and artificial sweetener Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.146, 160.105, 160.180, 172.480; Kosher and Pareve approved Properties: Wh. ultrafine powd.; odorless; tasteless; 20 µm median agglomerate size; bulk dens. 8 lb/ft3; surf. area 150 m2/g; moisture absorp. 200 ml/100 g; oil absorp. (corn oil) 270 ml/100 g; pH 7 (5% aq. suspension) Use Level: 2% max. Toxicology: Drying effect on skin, mucous membranes Flo-Gard® FF [PPG/Silica Prods. http://www.ppg.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicon dioxide See Silica EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Flow control agent, anticaking agent for finer, smaller particle size foods; absorbent for oils and fats in fine salts, seasoned salts, non-dairy creamers, and paprika Properties: Fine free-flowing powd.; 10 µm median agglomerate size; sp.gr. 2.1; bulk dens. 8 lb/ft3; surf. area 180 m2/g; moisture Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

absorp. 165 cc/100 g; oil absorp. 210 cc/100 g; pH 7 (5% aq. suspension); ref. index 1.46; MOH Scale hardness 0; 97.5% SiO2 anhyd. basis Toxicology: Drying effect on skin, mucous membranes Flo-Gard® SP [PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com] Chem. Descrip.: Amorphous precipitated silica See Silica, amorphous CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Flow control agent for powd. foods Features: Na2SO4 residual salt Properties: Powd.; pH 7 (5% slurry) Flojel® 60 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, film-former for confections (jelly gum candies, orange slices, mint leaves, jelly bean centers), chewing gum, pharmaceutical tablets, pet foods; whitening agent in sugar shells Features: Thin boiling; low hot visc.; used at higher solids than conventional starches; produces jellies with exc. sheen and desirable stringy texture Regulatory: OSHA nonhazardous; DOT not regulated Properties: Wh. to off-wh. coarse powd.; starch odor; m.w. 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5; ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses, gloves; sensitive to static electricity Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, nitrogen, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Flojel® 65 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, film-former for confections (jelly gum candies, orange slices, mint leaves, jelly bean centers), chewing gum; whitening agent in sugar shells Features: Thin boiling; low hot visc.; used at higher solids than conventional starches; produces jellies with exc. sheen and desirable stringy texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT 281

Part I: Trade Name Reference nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Use Level: 12-14% dry solids basis (gum candy, as sole gellant) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Flojel® G [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, film-former for confections (jelly gum candies, orange slices, mint leaves, jelly bean centers), chewing gum; whitening agent in sugar shells Features: Thin boiling; low hot visc.; used at higher solids than conventional starches; produces jellies with exc. sheen and desirable stringy texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Use Level: 12-14% dry solids basis (gum candy, as sole gellant) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Flo-Malt® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Extract of malted barley and corn, wheat starch, silicon dioxide (anticaking agent), hydroxylated lecithin (processing aid) See Malt; Silica; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 977023-73-6 Uses: Sweetener, flavoring agent, flavor enhancer for baked goods, mixes, candy, cereals, dairy prods. Features: Convenient handling; high water absorp.; improves yeast fermentation Properties: Lt. tan free-flowing powd.; 98% min. through 25 mesh; 30-50% through 60 mesh; bulk dens. 46 lb/ft3 (loose), 57 lb/ft3 (packed); 65% malt extract solids; 8% max. moisture; 3% max. protein Use Level: Replaces liq. malt @ ≈ lb for lb Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F) Fluid AK [Wacker Silicones http://www.wackersilicones.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethylpolysiloxane terminated with nonreactive trimethylsiloxy groups See Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Defoamer in food processing Features: Features inertness, heat and oxidative stability, exc. elec. props. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 176.200, 176.210; EPA 40CFR §181.1001(c)(d) Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; misc. with nonpolar liqs. (hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, ethers); range of visc.; ref. index 1.35-1.41; dielec. str. 350 V/mil; dielec. const. 2.7 (100 cycles); vol. resist. 1 x 1014 ohm-cm (500 V) Foam Blast® 7 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone antifoam compd. Uses: Antifoam, foam control agent in nonaq. systems, edible oil processing, meat processing, fat rendering Features: Food-grade Properties: 100% act. Foam Blast® 10 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone antifoam compd. Uses: Antifoam, foam control agent in nonaq. systems, edible oil processing, meat processing, fat rendering Features: Food-grade; more compat. and 282

Part I: Trade Name Reference dispersible than Foam Blast 5, but less defoaming efficiency Properties: Solv. disp.; emulsifiable in water; 100% act. Foam Blast® 10K [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone compd. Uses: Defoamer for nonaq. foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 100% act. Foam Blast® 102 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polydimethylsiloxane emulsion See Polydimethylsiloxane CAS 9016-00-6 Uses: Defoamer for starch and proteinaceous systems, hot and cold processes, yeast fermentations, sugar beet processing, caustic potato peeling, starch, protein, animal feeds Features: Food-grade; rec. for systems requiring an acid or alkaline tolerant defoamer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 100 ppm max. Properties: Wh. emulsion; dens. 8.35 lb/gal; visc. 1500-2500 cps; flash pt. (PMCC) none; pH 7.2; nonionic; 10% silicone Use Level: 0.01-0.1% based on foaming system; 10-100 ppm (foods) Foam Blast® 102K [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone defoamer Uses: Defoamer for starch and proteinaceous systems, yeast fermentations, sugar beet processing, caustic potato peeling, vegetable processing, soups, gravies, fruit juices, jellies/jams, freeze-dried coffee, clam processing, animal feeds Features: Food-grade; rec. for systems requiring an acid or alkaline tolerant defoamer Regulatory: FDA §173.340, 100 ppm max., USDA, kosher compliance; exempt from labeling under 21CFR §101.100(a)(3)(ii)(c) Properties: Wh. emulsion; disp. in water; dens. 8.50 lb/gal; visc. 1200-1600 cps; flash pt. (PMCC) none; pH 6.5-7.5; nonionic; 10% act. Use Level: 10-100 ppm Foam Blast® 150 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for processing seafood, potatoes, freeze-dried beverages, syrup Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

evaporations, and cooking of fruits and vegetables Properties: Disp. in water; 30% act. Foam Blast® 150K [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for starch and proteinaceous systems, yeast fermentations, sugar beet processing, caustic potato peeling, seafood/vegetable processing, soups, gravies, fruit juices, jellies/jams, freezedried coffee, animal feeds Features: Food-grade; rec. for systems requiring an acid or alkaline tolerant defoamer Regulatory: FDA §173.340, 33 ppm max., kosher compliance Properties: Wh. emulsion; disp. in water; dens. 8.30 lb/gal; visc. 2100 cps; flash pt. (PMCC) none; pH 7.0; nonionic; 30% act. Use Level: 5-33 ppm Foam Blast® 300K [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Nonsilicone defoamer Uses: Defoamer for food processing, esp. extraction of protein from soybeans, potato and vegetable slicing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340(a)(2) Properties: Dk. amber opaque liq.; disp. in water; sp.gr. 0.950 g/ml; dens. 7.92 lb/gal; visc. 300 cps; pour pt. 45 F; flash pt. (PMCC) > 550 F; nonionic; 100% organic Use Level: 25-250 ppm, 1000 ppm max. Storage: Store above 40 F; if solidified, heat before use; if stratified, mix before use Foam Buster™ [Helena http://www.helenachemical.com] Chem. Descrip.: dimethyl polysiloxane (20%) and emulsifiers See Dimethylsiloxane CAS 63148-62-9 Uses: Defoamer for food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340; RCRA, CERLCA nonreportable; not regulated for transport; SARA Immediate Health Hazard Properties: Wh. milky liq.; faint odor; disp. in water; sp.gr. 0.97-0.98 (75 F); dens. 8.10-8.20 lb/gal; visc. 600 max. cps; f.p. < 35 F; flash pt. > 200 F; 20% act.; < 1% volatiles Toxicology: Nontoxic; may cause skin, eye irritation Precaution: Wear impervious gloves, chemical goggles Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, silicon 283

Part I: Trade Name Reference oxides under fire conditions NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Foamkill® 8G [Crucible] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone compd. Uses: Defoamer for nonaq. systems, foods, starch extractions and processing, anaerobic fermentations, vitamins Regulatory: FDA §173.340 Properties: Gray sl. hazy liq., bland odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 1.020; b.p. > 300 F; flash pt. (TOC) > 300 F; 100% act. Toxicology: May cause eye irritation, mild skin irritation on prolonged/repeated contact Foamkill® 618 [Crucible] Chem. Descrip.: Org. and organo-silicone conc. See Silicone Uses: Defoamer for foods Regulatory: FDA §175.105, 176.210, 178.3120 Properties: Pale yel.; hydrocarbon odor; disp. in water; sp.gr. 0.930; visc. 1000 cps; flash pt. (TOC) 250 F; nonionic; 100% act. Storage: 1 yr. min. shelf stability Foamkill® 810F [Crucible] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone emulsion CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Defoamer for aq. systems, foods, egg washing, soft drink and wine making, vegetable processing, yeast processing, jam/jellies, starch sol'ns., protein processing Regulatory: FDA §173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 176.200, 176.210 Properties: Wh. pourable visc. liq., bland odor; disp. in water; sp.gr. 1.000; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; visc. 300 cps; b.p. 212 F; flash pt. (TOC) > 212 F; pH 7.0; nonionic; 10% act. Use Level: 100 ppm max. Toxicology: May cause eye irritation, mild skin irritation on prolonged/repeated contact Foamkill® 830F [Crucible] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Defoamer for aq. systems, foods, soft drink mfg., fermentation, vegetable washing, sugar beet processing, jams/jellies, starch and protein processing Regulatory: FDA §172.340, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210 Properties: Wh. pourable visc. liq., bland odor; disp. in water; sp.gr. 0.993; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; visc. 3500 cps; b.p. 212 F; flash pt. (TOC) > 212 F; pH 7.0; nonionic; 30% act. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Use Level: To 33 ppm Toxicology: May cause eye irritation, mild skin irritation on prolonged/repeated contact Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Produces SiO2 upon burning Storage: Avoid freezing Foamkill® 836A [Crucible] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsions See Silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for foods Regulatory: FDA §175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210 Properties: Wh. pourable viscous liq.; sp.gr. 1.00; visc. 3000 cps; pH 8.0; nonionic Foamkill® MSF Conc. [Crucible] Chem. Descrip.: Organo-silicone See Silicone Uses: Defoamer for high and low temp. applics., esp. foods (fruit and veg. washing, egg washing, soft drinks, wine making, yeast processing, jam/jellies, sugar refining) Features: Conc. for formulating defoamers Regulatory: FDA §173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210 Properties: Wh. visc. liq., mild pleasant odor; readily disp. in water; sp.gr. 1.084; dens. 9.02 lb/gal; visc. 20,000 cps; b.p. 212 F; flash pt. > 212 F; pH 9.02 (1%); nonionic; 15% dimethylpolysiloxane Use Level: 66 ppm max. Toxicology: May cause eye irritation, mild skin irritation on prolonged/repeated skin contact Folded Orange Oil 5-Fold [Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com] Chem. Descrip.: Orange oil distilled from winterized peel oil of fresh oranges See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract CAS 8028-48-6 Uses: Flavoring agent, fragrance, color enhancer for foods, beverages Properties: Dk. orange oil; fresh orange aroma; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.860-0.870; b.p. 349 F; flash pt. (CC) 48 C; ref. index 1.4775-1.4785; 85% volatile Toxicology: Mod. irritant to skin, eyes, nose, and throat; sl. allergen; mod. ing. and sl. inh. hazard Precaution: Combustible; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Ingredients: None 284

Part I: Trade Name Reference HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ 0-24 C in orig. sealed containers in sprinklered warehouse; once opened, head space should be purged with inert gas and tightly resealed Folded Orange Oil 10-Fold [Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com] Chem. Descrip.: Orange oil distilled from winterized peel oil of fresh oranges See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract CAS 8028-48-6 Uses: Flavoring agent, fragrance, color enhancer for foods, beverages Properties: Dk. orange oil; fresh orange aroma; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.870-0.890; b.p. 349 F; flash pt. (CC) 49 C; ref. index 1.4760-1.4860; 78% volatile Toxicology: Mod. irritant to skin, eyes, nose, and throat; sl. allergen; mod. ing. and sl. inh. hazard Precaution: Combustible; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Ingredients: None HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ 0-24 C in orig. sealed containers in sprinklered warehouse; once opened, head space should be purged with inert gas and tightly resealed Folic Acid 10% Trituration [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Folic acid USP, FCC in calcium phosphate dibasic carrier CAS 59-30-3; 7757-93-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200419-0; 231-826-1 Uses: Vitamin essential for forming certain body proteins and genetic materials for cell nucleus; for food formulations Properties: Lt. yel. to ylsh. orange powd.; 100% through 80 mesh; insol. in water and org. solvs.; m.w. 441.40; 10% min. assay Precaution: Fairly stable in presence of air and heat, but destroyed by light and uv radiation Storage: Store in tight, light-resist. containers; avoid exposure to moisture and excessive heat Fonoline® White [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

defoamer in foods; confectionery lubricants; meat packing Features: Soft, low m.p. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Wh., odorless; visc. 9-14 cSt (100 C); m.p. 53-58 C; pour pt. 20 F Fonoline® Yellow [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods; confectionery lubricant; meat packing Features: Soft, low m.p. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Yel., odorless; visc. 9-14 cSt (100 C); m.p. 53-58 C; pour pt. 20 F; HLB 8.4; 99% solids Formulaid® [Martek Biosciences http://www.martekbio.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blended vegetable triglyceride oils (docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid) Uses: Supplement for infant formulas Features: Closely matches composition of breast milk Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Golden cl. liq. FP600 [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat protein conc. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein Uses: Improves the extensibility and sheeting of dough; enhances pliability and shelf life of tortillas and flat bread; improves textural firmness in pasta, meat extended and meat analog prods.; binding agent in surimi prods.; partial replacement for egg whites in dairy prods. Storage: Store under cool, dry and sanitary conditions Freedom™ 540 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Palm oil See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil CAS 8002-75-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-316-1 Uses: Coating fat for bakery, confectionery, and nutritional bars Features: Steep melting profile; good heat stability Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or oily 285

Part I: Trade Name Reference liq.; insol. in water Toxicology: Dermatitis could result from prolonged residence of oil on skin of allergy sensitive individuals Precaution: Avoid excessive heating and inh. of veg. mists Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight @ 65-80 F Freedom™ 875 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Palm oil and palm kernel oil See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil CAS 8002-75-3; 8023-79-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-316-1; 232-425-4 Uses: Coating fat for cookies, donuts, and snack cake Features: Steep melting profile; good heat stability; fast crystallization properties Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or oily liq.; insol. in water Toxicology: Dermatitis could result from prolonged residence of oil on skin of allergy sensitive individuals Precaution: Avoid excessive heating and inh. of veg. mists Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight @ 65-80 F

CAS 8002-75-3; 8023-79-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-316-1; 232-425-4 Uses: Coating fat for confectionery Features: Steep melting profile; good heat stability; nontempering Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or oily liq.; insol. in water Toxicology: Dermatitis could result from prolonged residence of oil on skin of allergy sensitive individuals Precaution: Avoid excessive heating and inh. of veg. mists Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight @ 65-80 F Freedom™ IC 600 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Palm oil See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil CAS 8002-75-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-316-1 Uses: Coating fat for ice cream and frozen dessert Features: Quick setting properties Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or oily liq.; insol. in water Toxicology: Dermatitis could result from prolonged residence of oil on skin of allergy sensitive individuals Precaution: Avoid excessive heating and inh. of veg. mists Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight @ 65-80 F

Freedom™ 905 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Palm oil and palm kernel oil See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil CAS 8002-75-3; 8023-79-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-316-1; 232-425-4 Uses: Coating fat for confectionery and bakery prods. Features: Steep melting profile; good heat stability; improved crystallization properties Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or oily liq.; insol. in water Toxicology: Dermatitis could result from prolonged residence of oil on skin of allergy sensitive individuals Precaution: Avoid excessive heating and inh. of veg. mists Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight @ 65-80 F

Freeze Dried Beef Liver Powd. Defatted [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried defatted powd. processed from beef livers Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Storage: Store in cool, dry area

Freedom™ 910 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Palm oil and palm kernel oil See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil

Freeze Dried Beef Liver Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried powd. processed from beef livers

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Free-Flowing KCl [Reheis http://www.reheis.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium chloride USP/FCC, BP, EP CAS 7447-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-211-8 Uses: Functional food additive Features: Resists hardening and caking for up to 12 wks Properties: Gran.; 20-60 mesh

286

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Freeze Dried Pork Liver Powder Defatted [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried powd. processed from pork livers Chem. Analysis: 6% max. loss on drying Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Storage: Store in a cool dry place Freeze Dried Pork Liver Powder Undefatted [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried powd. processed from pork livers Chem. Analysis: 6% max. loss on drying Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Storage: Store in a cool dry place Freezist® M [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for canned puddings, frozen sauces, pies, sauces, gravies, soups, baby foods, fruit pie fillings Features: Exc. freeze/thaw and cold temp. stability; forms smooth, creamy cooked preps. with resist. to heat and acid Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Powd.; 98% through 60 mesh; pH 5.0 (50% uncooked sol'n.); 11.5% moisture Frescolat MGA [Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com] Chem. Descrip.: Menthone glycerin acetal CAS 63187-91-7 Uses: Cooling agent, flavoring agent in foods Features: Mild cooling flavor Regulatory: FEMA/GRAS approved Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; faintly minty odor, easily masked by perfume oils; virtually tasteless; oil-sol.; m.w. 228.4; dens. 1.030; congeal pt. < -30 C; acid no. 1 max.; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.473-1.480; 98% min. assay Precaution: Avoid combustible substances Storage: 1 yr. min. storage stability when stored in tightly sealed containers under cool conditions Frescolat® ML [Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com] Chem. Descrip.: Menthyl lactate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 59259-38-0; EINECS/ELINCS 261-678-3 Uses: Cooling agent, flavoring agent in powd. drink mixes, chewing gums, sweets Features: Mild cooling flavor Properties: Colorless liq. or solid, faintly minty odor, pract. tasteless; sol. in ethanol (50 vol. %), diethyl phthalate, min. oil, 1,2-propanediol; m.w. 228.4; acid no. 1 max.; flash pt. > 100 C; pH 4-8 Precaution: Avoid combustible substances Fresh-N® [Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com] Chem. Descrip.: Alpha amylase from B. subtilis See α-Amylase CAS 9000-90-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-565-6 Uses: Enzyme, shelf life extender for baked goods Features: Heat-resist. Freshness Enhancer - BWF, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to impart berries and fruit flavors to food prods. Features: Has freshly picked, vine ripened taste Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; tasteless, sl. saltly taste; sol. in water, alcohol, oil, PG Use Level: 0.1-1.0 ppm as consumed Freshness Enhancer - Cit, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to impart "freshly squeezed" taste to citrus flavors, juices and other citrus prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless liq.; tasteless, sl. saltly taste; sol. in water, alcohol, oil, PG Use Level: 0.1-1.0 ppm as consumed Freshness Enhancer - D, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to impart "freshly prepared" taste to dairy flavors, prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Lt. yel. to yel. liq.; tasteless, sl. saltly taste; sol. in water, alcohol, oil, PG Use Level: 0.1-1.0 ppm consumed Freshness Enhancer - MBF, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to impart "fresh picked, vine ripened" taste to mint, berry and fruit 287

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Yel. to lt yel., cl. liq.; tasteless, sl. saltly taste; sol. in water, alcohol, oil, PG Use Level: 0.1-1.0 ppm consumed Freshness Enhancer - Mint, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to impart "fresh picked" taste to mint Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Yel. to lt yel., cl. liq.; tasteless, sl. saltly taste; sol. in water, alcohol, oil, PG Use Level: 0.1-1.0 ppm consumed Friendy 55(V) [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable oil, sorbitol, distilled monoglyceride, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyglycerol fatty acid ester CAS 68956-68-3; 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 273313-5; 200-061-5 Uses: Emulsifier; foaming gel for sponge cake with fat and oil

Uses: Thickener, texturizer for foods incl. retorted foods, aseptically canned prods., dairy prods. (puddings, cream fillings), frozen foods, fruit prods., acidic sauces Features: Exc. resist. to heat, acid, shear, exceptional cold temp. storage stability; smooth, short texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity

Friendy FF-30 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable oil, distilled monoglyceride, propylene glycol fatty acid ester CAS 68956-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 273-313-5 Uses: Emulsifier; multifunctional shortening

Fructamyl 50A [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: fructose CAS 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, fruit preparations, dairy prods. Properties: Crystalline

Friendy M [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable oil, sorbitol, distilled monoglyceride, glycerin fatty acid ester, lecithin CAS 68956-68-3; 50-70-4; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 273-313-5; 200-061-5; 232307-2 Uses: Quality improver for noodles

Fructamyl 211 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: fructose CAS 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, fruit preparations, dairy prods. Properties: Liq.

Friendy SB [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Edible oil and an emulsifier See Vegetable oil CAS 68956-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 273-313-5 Uses: Butter cream compound Features: Halal grade available Frigex®-W [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fructofin® C [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fructose FCC, USP, NF CAS 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener for baked goods, beverages, cereals, confections, desserts, dairy prods., jams and preserves, meal replacements, and sports nutrition Features: Food grade; stable to air and heat Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; pract. odorless; very sweet taste; very sol. in water (≈ 3.5 g/ml); sol. in ethanol; sparingly sol. in ether; m.w. 180.16; m.p. 102-105 C; pH 4.5-7 (10%); 288

Part I: Trade Name Reference 98% min. act.; 0.1% max. moisture Toxicology: Relatively nontoxic by ing.; may cause skin/eye irritation; prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause respiratory irritation Precaution: Sl. fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; may burn but does not ignite readily; dust-air mixts. may ignite or explode; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, excessive heat, sparks, open flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may release toxic/hazardous gases Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in original sealed pkg. stored below 25 C and < 60% r.h.; hygroscopic Fructofin® CFP [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fructose, endotoxin free white crystalline powder CAS 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener for baked goods, beverages, cereals, confections, desserts, dairy prods., jams ad preserves, meal replacements, and sports nutrition Regulatory: Ph. Eur., USP/NF grade Properties: White crystalline powder with a very sweet taste, 350 µm-600 µm, NMT 10%<125 µm and NMT 8%>870 µm Fructofin® CM [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fructose, milled CAS 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener for baked goods, beverages, cereals, confections, desserts, dairy prods., jams ad preserves, meal replacements, and sports nutrition Properties: White crystalline powder with a very sweet taste Fruisana [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fructose CAS 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener FruitSavr® [Advanced Ingreds. http://www.advancedingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: fruit juice concs. with mediumchain carbohydrates Uses: Moisture binder, shelf-life extender, freeze/thaw stabilizer, and oxidation retarder for fruits, fruit fillings, jams, jellies, fruit yogurt Features: Typically doubles the shelf life of most Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fruit Regulatory: GRAS, kosher Properties: Amber to dk.-brn. liq.; odorless; bland taste; completely sol. in water; dens. 11.8 lb/gal; b.p. 220 F Toxicology: Noncarcinogenic; not harmful Environmental: biodeg. Hazardous Ingredients: None Storage: Shelf life 12 mos. for unopened container; store @ 55-90 F; storage @ > 90 F will accelerate the darkening; do not refrigerate during either shipping or storage Fruitfil® 1 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for neutral and low-acid foods, citrus-flavored puddings/fillings for pies and cakes, dry sauce, soup, and gravy mixes, canned foods, infant foods Features: Provides bland flavor, soft tender gel, good clarity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; kosher, Passover certified Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; mixes readily in cold water; pH 5.7; 11% moisture Fruitrim® [Advanced Ingreds. http://www.advancedingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fruit juice and nat. grain dextrins Uses: Fat replacement for low-fat or fat-free baked goods (breads, brownies, caramels, cinnamon rolls, crackers, flan, frostings, ice cream, muffins, pies, rolls, salad dressings, torts, waffles, yogurts, etc.); binder, emulsifier, and antioxidant in foods Regulatory: Kosher, pareve Properties: Amber liq.; no odor; bland taste; completely sol. in water; dens. 11.8 lb/gal; visc. 4000 cps (78.5 Brix); b.p. 220 F; 22 ± 1% moisture; glucose (42-50%); fructose (2028%); maltose (15-21%); sucrose (0-6%) Toxicology: Nontoxic Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents such as perchloric acid Hazardous Ingredients: None Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in unopened containers @ 50-80 F; darkening may occur over time without affecting quality 289

Part I: Trade Name Reference Fungamyl 800 L [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fungal α-amylase with small amount of amyloglucosidase See Amyloglucosidase CAS 9000-90-2; 9032-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-565-6; 232-877-2 Uses: Breaks down starch in baked goods Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored at 25 C; longer shelf life when stored at 5 C; store under dry and cold condition preferable under refrigeration Fungamyl Super BR [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fungal α-amylase and glucose oxidase CAS 9000-90-2; 9001-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-565-6; 232-601-0 Uses: Used in bread improvers for replacing bromate Features: Suitable for GMO-sensitive applications Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored at 25 C; longer shelf life when stored at 5 C; store under dry and cold condition preferable under refrigeration Furfurrole 302 [Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com] Chem. Descrip.: 1H-Pyrrole, 1-(2furanylmethyl) See 1-Furfuryl-1H-pyrrole CAS 1438-94-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-876-1 Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Kosher Parve Properties: Pale orange to dk. orange cl. liq.; horseradish odor; m.w. 147; sp.gr. 1.1001.200; flash pt. (CC) 180 F; ref. index 1.52901.5360 (20 C) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life G-038 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Acetic acid ester of monoglyceride Uses: Coating agent for meat prods., nuts; releasing agent, defoamer, plasticizer for chewing gum, plastics; enhances aerating ability of shortenings, toppings Properties: Liq.; hydroxyl 20 max.; sapon. value 380-398; iodine value 27-37; acid value 3 max. G-002 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Acetic acid ester of monoglyceride Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Coating agent for meat prods., nuts; releasing agent, defoamer, plasticizer for chewing gum, plastics; enhances aerating ability of shortenings, toppings Properties: Liq.; hydroxyl 20 max.; sapon. value 440-455; iodine value 2 max.; acid value 3 max. G-508 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Acetic acid ester of monoglyceride Uses: Coating agent for meat prods., nuts; releasing agent, defoamer, plasticizer for chewing gum, plastics; enhances aerating ability of shortenings, toppings Properties: Waxy block; m.p. 40-46 C; hydroxyl 125-155; sapon. value 280-295; iodine value 3 max.; acid value 3 max. Gadocal+ [Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium citrate tetrahydrate See Calcium citrate CAS 5785-44-4; EINECS/ELINCS 212-391-7 Uses: Dietary supplement, calcium source for beverages, citrus flavored applics.; citric acid substitute Features: Kosher Properties: Wh. powd., pract. odorless, tart acid taste; very sol. in cold water; vapor pressure pract. zero; pH 3.2-3.7 (1%) Toxicology: Ing. in large quantities may cause nausea, vomiting, cramps; inh. causes coughing, sneezing, and labored breathing; sl. skin irritation; sl. eye irritation; may cause some allergic reaction Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store in a cool, dry place; use in wellventilated areas; avoid humidity and high temps.; preserve in well-closed containers Gadocal Gold [Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com] Chem. Descrip.: citric acid calcium salt and carbohydrates See Calcium citrate CAS 813-94-5; EINECS/ELINCS 212-391-7 Uses: Dietary supplement, calcium source, acidity regulator, and firming agent in food Features: Kosher; non-GMO prod. Properties: Wh. solid crystals, no unusual odor, tart acid taste; fpH 3.0-5.0 Toxicology: May cause respiratory tract, eye and skin irritation; nontoxic Environmental: biodeg. 290

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Use goggles, full suit, dust respirator, boots, and gloves Storage: 2-yr. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place; use in well-ventilated areas; avoid humidity and high temps.; preserve in wellclosed containers Gadolin Calcium [Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium citrate and dietary fiber Chem. Analysis: 4.8-5.3% assay (as Ca); 5256% dietary fiber; 68-71% total carbohydrates CAS 813-94-5; EINECS/ELINCS 212-391-7 Uses: Dietary supplement, calcium source, acidity regulator in food Features: Kosher; non-GMO prod. Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., pract. odorless; freely sol. in water; vapor pressure pract. zero; pH 4.0-5.0 (1%) Storage: 2 yr. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place; use in well-ventilated areas; avoid humidity and high temps.; preserve in well-closed containers Gadolin Magnesium [Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium citrate Chem. Analysis: 73-77% carbohydrates; 50-55% dietary fiber; 146 Kcal/100 g CAS 7779-25-1 Uses: Dietary supplement, acidity regulator and dietary supplement for foods Features: No raw materials from bovine origin are used nor are any bovine constituents present Regulatory: Kosher; EU directive 2003/89, annex 3a for no food allergens; non-GMO prod. Properties: Wh. to off-wh.powd., pract. odorless; very sol. in water;pH 3.8-4.8 (1%) Storage: 2 yr shelf-life; store in a cool, dry place in a tightly closed container; avoid exposure to air Gadomag+ [Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium citrate CAS 7779-25-1 Uses: Dietary supplement, magnesium source for foods, beverages Features: Kosher Properties: Wh. powd., pract. odorless; very sol. in water; pH 4.0-6.0 (1%); 12.5% min. assay (as Mg); 1% max. water Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful if swallowed Precaution: Avoid raising dust Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO Storage: Store in a cool, dry place in sealed bags Gado Multimin [Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium citrate, magnesium citrate, zinc citrate dihydrate, and fructose See Zinc citrate Chem. Analysis: 7.8-8.6% calcium; 2-2.4% magnesium; 30% carbohydrates; 256.5 Kcal/100 g CAS 813-94-5; 3344-18-1; 5990-32-9; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 212-391-7; 208-901-2; 200333-3 Uses: Dietary supplement, calcium source, acidity regulator in food Features: Kosher; non-GMO prod. Properties: Wh. solid crystals., no unusual odor; freely sol. in water; vapor pressure pract. zero; pH 4.0-5.0 (1%) Toxicology: Skin and eye irritant Environmental: biodeg.; no ecotoxicity Precaution: Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions; wear goggles, full suit, dust respirator, boots, and gloves; reactive with oxidizers; avoid breathing dust Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO and ZO toxic fumes Storage: 2 yr. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place; use in well-ventilated areas; avoid humidity and high temps.; preserve in well-closed containers Gadophit [Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium hydroxide phosphate and calcium citrate Chem. Analysis: 30-33% min. assay (as Ca); 1% max. water CAS 12167-74-7; 813-94-5; EINECS/ELINCS 212-391-7 Uses: Calcium fortification for soy and dairy prods. Features: Kosher; non-GMO prod. Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; < 10 μ (97%) very sl. sol. in water; pH 3.5-4.5 (1%) Precaution: Wear chemical safety goggles, gloves, and dust mask Storage: 2 yr. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place 291

Part I: Trade Name Reference in sealed bags Gadozinc+ [Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com] Chem. Descrip.: Zinc citrate CAS 546-46-3 Uses: Dietary supplement for foods and beverages Features: Kosher Properties: Wh. powd., pract. odorless; very sol. in water; m.p. 335 C; pH 4.0-5.0 (1%); 25% min. assay (as Zn) Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, and upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; avoid raising dust Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, Zn, ZnO; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in a cool, dry place Galacid Excel 50 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: L(+) Lactic acid (49.5-50.5%) See Lactic acid Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 10 ppm max.; sulfate 10 ppm max.; sulphated ash 0.05% max.; cyanide 5 ppm max.; lead 0.5 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: Flavoring agent and pH control agent in food Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E270; complies with Food Chemical Codex V Properties: Cl. liq.; Hazen color 50 max.; sl. acid odor, taste; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.11-1.13; hygroscopic Galacid Excel 80 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: L(+) Lactic acid (49.5-50.5%) See Lactic acid Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 10 ppm max.; sulfate 10 ppm max.; sulphated ash 0.05% max.; cyanide 5 ppm max.; lead 0.5 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: Flavoring agent and pH control agent in food Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E270; complies with Food Chemical Codex V Properties: Cl. liq.; Hazen color 50 max.; sl. acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

odor, taste; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.18-1.19; hygroscopic Galacid Excel 88 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: L(+) Lactic acid (87.5-88.5%) See Lactic acid Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 10 ppm max.; sulfate 10 ppm max.; sulphated ash 0.05% max.; cyanide 5 ppm max.; lead 0.5 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: Flavoring agent and pH control agent in food Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E270; complies with Food Chemical Codex V Properties: Cl. liq.; Hazen color 50 max.; sl. acid odor, taste; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.20-1.22 Galacid Feed 80 - XT [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Lactic acid (80% min.) Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 150 ppm max.; calcium 120 ppm max.; chloride 40 ppm max.; sulfate 150 ppm max.; sulphated ash 1% max.; lead 5 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: Flavoring agent and pH control agent in food Properties: Brown liq.; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.181.28 Galacid Food 80 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: L(+) Lactic acid (79.5-80.5%) See Lactic acid Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 10 ppm max.; sulfate 10 ppm max.; sulphated ash 0.1% max.; cyanide 5 ppm max.; lead 0.5 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: Preservative and pH control agent in mayonnaise, dressings, sauces, salads, fish and shrimp prods.; direct acidification of cottage cheese, mozzarella, etc.; fermentation booster in rye bread; flavoring agent in margarine, butter, yogurt; pH adjuster in wine, cider, canned vegetables such as gherkins, olives, rasped carrots, onions, etc Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E270; complies with Food Chemical Codex V Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; Hazen color 150 max.; sl. 292

Part I: Trade Name Reference acid odor, taste; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.18-1.19 Galacid Food 80 Improved [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: L(+) Lactic acid (79.5-80.5%) See Lactic acid Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 10 ppm max.; sulfate 10 ppm max.; sulphated ash 0.1% max.; cyanide 5 ppm max.; lead 0.5 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: Preservative and pH control agent in mayonnaise, dressings, sauces, salads, fish and shrimp prods.; direct acidification of cottage cheese, mozzarella, etc.; fermentation booster in rye bread; flavoring agent in margarine, butter, yogurt; pH adjuster in wine, cider, canned vegetables such as gherkins, olives, rasped carrots, onions, etc Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E270; complies with Food Chemical Codex V Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; Hazen color 100 max.; sl. acid odor, taste; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.18-1.19 Galacid Food 88 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: L(+) Lactic acid (87.5-88.5%) See Lactic acid Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 10 ppm max.; sulfate 10 ppm max.; sulphated ash 0.1% max.; cyanide 5 ppm max.; lead 0.5 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: Preservative and pH control agent in mayonnaise, dressings, sauces, salads, fish and shrimp prods.; direct acidification of cottage cheese, mozzarella, etc.; fermentation booster in rye bread; flavoring agent in margarine, butter, yogurt; pH adjuster in wine, cider, canned vegetables such as gherkins, olives, rasped carrots, onions, etc Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E270; complies with Food Chemical Codex V Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; Hazen color 150 max.; sl. acid odor, taste; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.1951.205 Galacid Food 88 Improved [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: L(+) Lactic acid (87.5-88.5%) See Lactic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 10 ppm max.; sulfate 10 ppm max.; sulphated ash 0.1% max.; cyanide 5 ppm max.; lead 0.5 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: Preservative and pH control agent in mayonnaise, dressings, sauces, salads, fish and shrimp prods.; direct acidification of cottage cheese, mozzarella, etc.; fermentation booster in rye bread; flavoring agent in margarine, butter, yogurt; pH adjuster in wine, cider, canned vegetables such as gherkins, olives, rasped carrots, onions, etc Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E270; complies with Food Chemical Codex V Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; Hazen color 100 max.; sl. acid odor, taste; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.1951.205 Galacid Heat-Stable 80 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: L(+) Lactic acid (79.5-80.5%) See Lactic acid Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 5 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 10 ppm max.; sulfate 10 ppm max.; sulphated ash 0.05% max.; cyanide 5 ppm max.; lead 0.5 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: Preservative and pH control agent in mayonnaise, dressings, sauces, salads, fish and shrimp prods.; direct acidification of cottage cheese, mozzarella, etc.; fermentation booster in rye bread; flavoring agent in margarine, butter, yogurt; pH adjuster in wine, cider, canned vegetables such as gherkins, olives, rasped carrots, onions, etc Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E270; complies with Food Chemical Codex V, EP 2002, USP 27 Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; Hazen color 50 max.; sl. acid odor, taste; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.18-1.19 Galacid Heat-Stable 88 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: L(+) Lactic acid (87.5-88.5%) See Lactic acid Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 5 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 10 ppm max.; sulfate 10 ppm max.; sulphated ash 0.05% max.; cyanide 5 ppm max.; lead 0.5 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 293

Part I: Trade Name Reference ppm max. Uses: Preservative and pH control agent in mayonnaise, dressings, sauces, salads, fish and shrimp prods.; direct acidification of cottage cheese, mozzarella, etc.; fermentation booster in rye bread; flavoring agent in margarine, butter, yogurt; pH adjuster in wine, cider, canned vegetables such as gherkins, olives, rasped carrots, onions, etc Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E270; complies with Food Chemical Codex V, EP 2002, USP 27 Properties: Cl. liq.; Hazen color 50 max.; sl. acid odor, taste; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.20-1.21 Galacid Heat-Stable 90 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: L(+) Lactic acid (89.5-90.5%) See Lactic acid Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 5 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 10 ppm max.; sulfate 10 ppm max.; sulphated ash 0.05% max.; cyanide 5 ppm max.; lead 0.5 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: Preservative and pH control agent in mayonnaise, dressings, sauces, salads, fish and shrimp prods.; direct acidification of cottage cheese, mozzarella, etc.; fermentation booster in rye bread; flavoring agent in margarine, butter, yogurt; pH adjuster in wine, cider, canned vegetables such as gherkins, olives, rasped carrots, onions, etc Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E270; complies with Food Chemical Codex V, EP 2002, USP 27 Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; Hazen color 50 max.; sl. acid odor, taste; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.20-1.21 Galacid Powder 25 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: nat. Lactic acid (25%) with carriers of maltodextrine, arabic gum Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 10 ppm max. Uses: Preservative and pH control agent in mayonnaise, dressings, sauces, salads, fish and shrimp prods.; direct acidification of cottage cheese, mozzarella, etc.; fermentation booster in rye bread; flavoring agent in margarine, butter, yogurt; pH adjuster in wine, cider, canned vegetables such as gherkins, olives, rasped carrots, onions, etc Regulatory: Europe E270 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. powd.; freely sol. in water; m.w. 90.08; pH 2.6-2.8 (1% sol'n) Galaflow PL 60 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium lactate (59-61%) Chem. Analysis: Potassium 17.7-18.9%; sodium 0.14% max.; heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 50 ppm max.; sulfate 10 ppm max.; cyanide 0.5 ppm max.; lead 2 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. CAS 996-31-6; EINECS/ELINCS 213-631-3 Uses: Antimicrobial agent in meat prods.; shelf life improver for sausages, hams, poultry, etc Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E326; complies with FCC V Properties: Hazen color fresh sol'n 50 max.; almost odorless; mild saline taste; m.w. 128.2; dens. 1.32-1.35; pH 6.5-7.5 Galaflow PSL 60 75/25 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium lactate (44-46%) and sodium lactate (14-16%) Chem. Analysis: Potassium 13.4-14.1%; sodium 2.8-3.3% max.; heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 30 ppm max.; sulfate 20 ppm max.; lead 2 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. CAS 996-31-6 Uses: pH control agent and preservative in fish and shrimps prods.; shelf life inprover in sausages, hams, poultry, etc. Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E325, E326 Properties: Cl. sol'n; Hazen color fresh sol'n 100 max.; almost odorless; mild saline taste; dens. 1.32-1.35; pH 6.5-7.5 Galaflow SL [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium lactate CAS 72-17-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-772-0 Uses: Antimicrobial agent in meat prods.; shelf life improver for sausages, hams, poultry, etc Galaflow SPL 60 50/50 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium lactate (29-31%) and sodium lactate (29-31%) Chem. Analysis: Potassium 8.8-9.5%; sodium 5.9-6.4% max.; heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 30 ppm max.; sulfate 20 ppm max.; 294

Part I: Trade Name Reference lead 2 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: pH control agent and preservative in fish and shrimps prods.; shelf life inprover in sausages, hams, poultry, etc. Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E325, E326 Properties: Cl. sol'n; Hazen color fresh sol'n 50 max.; almost odorless; mild saline taste; dens. 1.32-1.35; pH 6.5-7.5 Galaflow SPL 60 60/40 [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium lactate (23-25%) and sodium lactate (35-37%) Chem. Analysis: Potassium 7.0-7.6%; sodium 7.1-7.6% max.; heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; calcium 10 ppm max.; chloride 30 ppm max.; sulfate 20 ppm max.; lead 2 ppm max.; arsenic 1 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max. Uses: pH control agent and preservative in fish and shrimps prods.; shelf life inprover in sausages, hams, poultry, etc. Regulatory: GRAS; Europe E325, E326 Properties: Cl. sol'n; Hazen color fresh sol'n 100 max.; almost odorless; mild saline taste; dens. 1.32-1.35; pH 6.5-7.5 Galaxium [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium lactate CAS 814-80-2; EINECS/ELINCS 212-406-7 Uses: Mineral supplement (calcium source) for food and health food fortification, dairy prods., sports and diet drinks; firming agent for bottled fruits and vegetables; gellant for jams and jellies Features: High sol. Galaxium Pentahydrate Powder [Galactic http://www.lactic.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium lactate Chem. Analysis: Calcium 13.1-14.5%; heavy metals 5 ppm max.; iron 80 ppm max.; chloride 80 ppm max.; sulfate 400 ppm max.; phosphate 150 ppm max.; lead 2 ppm max.; arsenic 3 ppm max.; mercury 1 ppm max.; fluoride 15 ppm max.; madnesium and alkali salts 1.0% max. Uses: Calcium supplement, gelling agent, and firming agent in food Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Europe E327; complies with FCC V Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; highly sol.; mild taste; m.w. 308; pH 6-8 Garlic Booster Natural, Kosher, Single Fold Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net] Uses: Flavor to replace fresh garlic or add fresh top note to garlic oil Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. yel. liq.; fresh garlic taste; sol. in oil Use Level: 1-1000 ppm Garlic Replacer Natural, Kosher [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to replace garlic oil in many applics. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Yel. liq.; strong garlic taste; sol. in oil, alcohol Use Level: 0.1-1.0 ppm Gb Select® [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: yeast extracts and yeast extract-based natural flavorings Uses: Flavoring agent, mouthfeel enhancer for meat, beef, chicken, and pork Features: Does not contain added HVP, MSG, GMP, IMP and/or caramel; replaces meat extracts; contributes to color performance Storage: 18 mos. GD 2210 [Syral http://www.syral.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose syrup solids See Corn syrup solids Chem. Analysis: 22% DE CAS 68131-37-3; EINECS/ELINCS 268-616-4 Uses: Bodying agent, viscosity builder, mouthfeel enhancer, and binding agent for sauces/soups and sweet dry blends Features: 27% of the sweetening power of sucrose Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865; EC council directive 2001/111/EEC Properties: Bulk dens. 600 g/l; tapped dens. 730 g/l GD 2910 [Syral http://www.syral.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose syrup solids See Corn syrup solids Chem. Analysis: 29% DE CAS 68131-37-3; EINECS/ELINCS 268-616-4 Uses: Bodying agent, viscosity builder, mouthfeel enhancer, and binding agent for bakery fillings, glazes, icings, cakes and biscuits, coffee creamers, chewable candies, cereal bars, frozen foods, and 295

Part I: Trade Name Reference sweet dry blends Features: 31% of the sweetening power of sucrose Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865; EC council directive 2001/111/EEC Properties: Bulk dens. 550 g/l

Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2600 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat

GD 3910 [Syral http://www.syral.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose syrup solids See Corn syrup solids Chem. Analysis: 39% DE CAS 68131-37-3; EINECS/ELINCS 268-616-4 Uses: Bodying agent, viscosity builder, mouthfeel enhancer, browning agent, and binding agent for glazes and icings, biscuits, confectionery, infant food, frozen foods, and sweet dry blends Features: 41% of the sweetening power of sucrose Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865; EC council directive 2001/111/EEC Properties: Bulk dens. 750 g/l; tapped dens. 830 g/l

Gelcarin® DG 5262 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, sucrose, potassium chloride, calcium sulfate, dihydrate See Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 57-50-1; 7447-40-7; 10101-414; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 200-334-9; 231-211-8 Uses: Gellant, stabilizer, thickener for water, foodstuffs, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6-10.5 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2600 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container

Gelatinized Dura-Jel® [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for acid and neutral systems, cake mixes, instant puddings, bakery fillings, soft, cookies, instant gravy/sauce mixes Features: Gelatinized starch; good freeze/thaw stability, clarity, blandness, resist. to syneresis Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., bland flavor; pH 5; 5% moisture Gelcarin® DG 3252 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, sucrose, potassium chloride See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 57-50-1; 7447-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 200-334-9; 231211-8 Uses: Gellant, stabilizer, thickener for water, foodstuffs, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6-10.5 (1% sol'n.) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Gelcarin® DG 5264 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, sucrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 57-50-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232524-2; 200-334-9 Uses: Gellant, stabilizer, thickener for water, foodstuffs, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 7-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2970 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container Gelcarin® DX 4268 [FMC Biopolymer 296

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, potassium citrate, sucrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 866-84-2; 57-50-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 212-755-5; 200334-9 Uses: Gellant, stabilizer, thickener for water, foodstuffs, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 7-10 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2970 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container; avoid excessive heat Gelcarin® GP-359 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Fat replacement system for sour cream; provides creamy mouthfeel, soft gel structure, smoothness, and opacity Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sp. gr. ≈ 1; pH 7.0-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: Low oral, dermal, and inh. toxicity; nonirritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container in a cool, dry place Gelcarin® GP-379NF [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Iota-Carrageenan USP/NF See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Fat replacement for gravies providing creaminess, cling, hot visc., and mouthfeel; provides creamy texture, foam stability, syneresis control, and aids extrusion of proteins in whipped toppings Features: High thixotropy; elastic medium str. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gel type; polyol reactive; protein reactive; promotes freeze/thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.7255; GRAS; kosher Properties: Sol. in hot water Storage: 14 mos. shelf life Gelcarin® GP-911NF [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Kappa-Carrageenan USP/NF See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Fat replacement, mouthfeel enhancer, opacifier, flavor enhancer for nonfat pasteurized processed cheese Features: Low visc.; brittle, firm gel type; polyol reactive; protein reactive; provides creamy mouthfeel, loaf structure, sliceability, smoothness, opacity; reduces rubber texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.7255; GRAS; kosher Properties: Sol. in hot water; partly sol. in cold water Storage: 14 mos. shelf life Gelcarin® GP 4265 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, sucrose, potassium chloride See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 57-50-1; 7447-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 231-211-8 Uses: Gellant, stabilizer, thickener for water, foodstuffs, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Rec. for gelatin-free gels; provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6-10.5 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2600 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat Gelcarin® ME 8151 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, sodium chloride, rapeseed oil See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil CAS 9000-07-1; 7647-14-5; 8002-13-9; 297

Part I: Trade Name Reference EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 231-598-3 Uses: Gellant for foods, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Lt. tan to tan powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 12% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 7.5-10.5 Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable particulate), 3 mg/m3 (respirable particulate); TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat Gelcarin® PS 3439 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, locust bean gum, konjac flour, potassium chloride See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-07-1; 9000-40-2; 37220-17-0; 744740-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 232-541-5; 253-404-6; 231-211-8 Uses: Gellant for foods, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Lt. tan to tan powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 12% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 7.5-9.5 Toxicology: Respiratory sensitizer; respiratory irritant; ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable particulate), 3 mg/m3 (respirable particulate); TSCA listed Environmental: keep material out of lakes, streams, ponds, sewer drains Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet; prevent eye contact Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat Gelcarin® SQ 3290 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose, carrageenan, locust bean gum, konjac flour, xanthan gum, postassium citrate See Carrageenan Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Chondrus crispus); Glucose; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Potassium citrate CAS 50-99-7; 9000-07-1; 9000-40-2; 37220-170; 11138-66-2; 866-84-2; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1; 232-524-2; 232-541-5; 253-404-6; 234-394-2; 212-755-5 Uses: Gellant for foods, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0-11 (in sol'n.) Toxicology: Respiratory sensitizer; respiratory irritant at high concs.; ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable particulate), 3 mg/m3 (respirable particulate); TSCA listed Environmental: keep material out of lakes, streams, ponds, sewer drains Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet; prevent eye contact Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur and nitrogen oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Gelcarin® XP 3337 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose, carrageenan, glyceryl monostearate, locust bean gum, konjac flour, xanthan gum, postassium citrate See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose; Glyceryl stearate; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Potassium citrate CAS 50-99-7; 9000-07-1; 31566-31-1; 9000-402; 37220-17-0; 11138-66-2; 866-84-2; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1; 232-524-2; 250705-4; 232-541-5; 253-404-6; 234-394-2; 212755-5 Uses: Gellant for foods, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 12% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.5-9.5 (1.5% gel) Toxicology: Respiratory sensitizer; respiratory 298

Part I: Trade Name Reference irritant at high concs.; ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable particulate), 3 mg/m3 (respirable particulate); TSCA listed Environmental: keep material out of lakes, streams, ponds, sewer drains Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur and nitrogen oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Gelcarin® XP 3435 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose, carrageenan, locust bean gum, konjac flour, postassium citrate See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Potassium citrate CAS 50-99-7; 9000-07-1; 9000-40-2; 37220-170; 866-84-2; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1; 232524-2; 232-541-5; 253-404-6; 212-755-5 Uses: Gellant for foods, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: SARA §311 Acute Health Hazard; CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Lt. tan to tan powd.; marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 7.0 Toxicology: Respiratory sensitizer; respiratory irritant at high concs.; ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable PNOC), 3 mg/m3 (respirable PNOC); TSCA listed Environmental: keep material out of lakes, streams, ponds, sewer drains Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur and nitrogen oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Gelcarin® XP 3447 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose, carrageenan, locust bean gum, konjac flour See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 50-99-7; 9000-07-1; 9000-40-2; 37220-170; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1; 232-524-2; 232-541-5; 253-404-6 Uses: Gellant for foods, caramel fillings and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: SARA §311 Acute Health Hazard; CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Lt. tan to tan powd.; marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 7-10 Toxicology: Respiratory sensitizer; respiratory irritant at high concs.; ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable PNOC), 3 mg/m3 (respirable PNOC); TSCA listed Environmental: keep material out of lakes, streams, ponds, sewer drains Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur and nitrogen oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Geleol® [Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; Gattefosse Spain http://www.gattefosse.es] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Emulsifier, consistency agent, opacifier for foods Regulatory: EP, USP/NF compliance; E471, FCC, PSFA compliance; DMF no. 9052 Properties: Gardner < 3 waxy solid, faint odor; m.p. 53-57 C; HLB 3.0; acid no. < 3; iodine no. < 3; sapon. no. 160-180; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: Sl. irritating to eyes, nonirritating to skin Gel 'N' Melt® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, strengthener for imitation cheese incl. mozzarella, processed American, and cheddar Features: Replacement for caseins and caseinates; enhances melt, sliceability; thermoreversible Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland taste; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 9% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible 299

Part I: Trade Name Reference nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Gelose® 50 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: unmodified high-amylose starch Chem. Analysis: Moisture 15% max.; protein 0.5%; fat < 0.3%; ash 0.5%; sodium 0.0095%; calcium 0.0048%; potassium 0.002%; Mg 0.0041%; Fe 0.0005%; phosphorus < 0.0011%; zinc 0.0003% CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Thickener, crispness improver for confectionery, batters, extruded product Features: Gluten-free; superior freeze-thaw stability; easy to digest Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; sl. cereal odor; 99% through 112 micron screen; pH 4.0-5.5 Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Potential dust explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, water, typical combustion by-products HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yrs. shelf life; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. Gelose® 80 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: Moisture 15% max.; protein 0.5%; fat < 0.3%; ash 0.5%; sodium 0.0095%; calcium 0.0048%; potassium 0.002%; Mg 0.0041%; Fe 0.0005%; phosphorus < 0.0011%; zinc 0.0003% CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener, crispness improver for confectionery, batters, extruded product Features: Gluten-free; superior freeze-thaw stability; easy to digest Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; sl. cereal odor; 99% through 112 micron screen; pH 4.0-5.5 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Potential dust explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, water, typical combustion by-products HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yrs. shelf life; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. GemGel 100 [Manildra Group USA http://www.manildrausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: pregelatinized wheat starch See Starch Chem. Analysis: 9.0% moisture; 0.40% protein; 0.5% fat; 0.5% fiber; 0.4% ash CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Thickener for food Features: Food grade; for applications requiring superior color, flavor and clarity Properties: Wh. powd.; 80% min. thru US Sieve #100; bulk dens. 30-35 lb/ft3; pH 6.0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Gempolym [G.M. Assoc. http://www.gempolym.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Galactomannan polysaccharide See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Texturizer, binder for dough; homogenizer for peanut butter; texturizer for soups, sauces, dressings, and mayonnaise; water binder, texturizer, taste improver for sausages, canned meats, fish and veg. dishes Properties: Rod-like; very sol. in cold water; m.w. 1-2 X 106 GemStar 100 [Manildra Group USA http://www.manildrausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: highly refined wheat starch See Starch Chem. Analysis: 11.0% moisture; 0.40% protein; 0.5% fat; 0.5% fiber; 0.25% ash CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Thickener for food Features: Food grade; for applications requiring superior color, flavor and clarity Properties: Wh. powd.; 100% thru US Sieve #40; bulk dens. 38-40 lb/ft3; pH 6.50 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place GemStar 2000 [Manildra Group USA http://www.manildrausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: modified, crosslinked wheat 300

Part I: Trade Name Reference starch See Sodium hypochlorite; Starch Chem. Analysis: 10-12% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Thickener for food systems that are resistant to heat, sheer, and low pH conditions Features: Cooked paste is more viscosity stable than native starch; resistance to viscosity breakdown and loss of texture in acidic media; resistance to mechanical sheer and viscosity breakdown at high (retort) temps.; GMO-free carbohydrates Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; pH 5.0-6.0 Storage: Stored in a cool, dry, and sanitary place GemStar 3000 [Manildra Group USA http://www.manildrausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: modified wheat starch See Starch Chem. Analysis: 10-12% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Thickener for food Features: In food systems that require paste clarity and low temp. stability; lower gelatinization temp.; GMO-free carbohydrate; improved freeze-thaw stability Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; pH 4.5-6.0 Storage: Stored in a cool, dry, and sanitary place GemStar 3000 [Manildra Group USA http://www.manildrausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: modified wheat starch oxidized with sodium hypochlorite See Starch Chem. Analysis: 10-12% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; 7681-52-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4; 231-668-3 Uses: Thickener for food systems that require high solids dispersions and resistance to viscosity increases or gelling; GMO-free carbohydrates; adhesion promoter for food coatings or batters Features: Low visc.; soft-gel formation; resistance to retrogration Properties: Wh. powd.; pH 5.0-6.0 Storage: Stored in a cool, dry, and sanitary place Genu® 12CG [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, low-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, thickener for fruit preps. in fruit yogurt, bakery fillings; thickener, suspending agent for toppings and variegated syrups in bakery industry Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Properties: pH 3.8-4.4 (1%); 27-35% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

methoxylation; 65-73% free acid Use Level: 0.8-1.4% (yogurt fruit, bakery fillings), 0.5-1.0% (toppings, sauces, syrups) Genu® 18CG [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, low-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, thickener for fruit preps. in fruit yogurt, bakery fillings, fruit spreads with 45-68% sol. solids; gellant for canned fruit preps. for fruit-flavored milk dessert Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Properties: pH 3.2-4.0 (1%); 35-45% methoxylation; 55-65% free acid Use Level: 0.8-1.0% (yogurt fruit, bakery fillings) Genu® 18CG-YA [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, low-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Protein stabilizer for cultured milk prods.; increases body; designed for cup set Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Use Level: 0.1-0.2% (cultured milk prods.) Genu® 20AS [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, low-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for jams, jellies, yogurt fruit, bakery fillings, fruit spreads with 45-68% sol. solids; thickener for toppings, ready-tospread frostings, and variegated syrups in bakery industry Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Properties: pH 3.8-4.4 (1%); 33-40% methoxylation; 15-20% amidation Use Level: 0.8-1.0% (yogurt fruit, bakery fillings), 0.2-0.6% (frostings) Genu® 22CG [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, low-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, thickener for yogurt fruit, bakery fillings, fruit spreads with 45-68% sol. solids; viscosity builder, bodying agent for ready-to-spread frostings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Use Level: 0.2-0.6% (frostings), 0.8-1.0% (yogurt fruit, bakery fillings) Genu® 102AS [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, low-methoxyl 301

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, thickener for yogurt fruit, bakery fillings, fruit spreads with 45-68% sol. solids, firm jellies in confectionery industry at neutral pH Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Use Level: 0.8-1.0% (yogurt fruit, bakery fillings), 1.5-2.0% (firm jellies) Genu® 104AS [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, low-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for jams, jellies, yogurt fruit, bakery fillings, fruit spreads with 5-25% sol. solids, milk prods.; thickener for toppings, ready-to-spread frostings, and variegated syrups in bakery industry Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Properties: pH 3.8-4.4 (1%); 27-33% methoxylation; 20-25% amidation Use Level: 0.8-1.4% (yogurt fruit, bakery fillings), 0.2-0.6% (frostings) Genu® 104AS-YA [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, low-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Protein stabilizer, bodying agent for cultured milk prods. Features: Designed for bulk set Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Use Level: 0.1-0.2% (cultured milk prods.) Genu® BA-KING [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, high-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for heat-stable jams and jellies in fruit preserving and bakery industries Features: Allows filling large containers @ elevated temps. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Properties: pH 2.7-3.2 (4%); 68-71% methoxylation Use Level: 0.5-1.0% (fruit filling) Genu® BB Rapid Set [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, high-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for jams and preserves in jars, jellies in bakery industry; stabilizer for pulp suspension and oil emulsion in citrus drink concs. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: pH 3.4-4.2 (4%); 71-75% methoxylation Use Level: 0.2-9.5% (jams, jellies in jars) Genu® DD Extra-Slow Set [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, high-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for jams and preserves in lg. containers, e.g., drums Features: Allows for lower filling temp. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Properties: pH 3.4-4.2 (4%); 61-64% methoxylation Use Level: 0.3-0.7% (jams) Genu® DD Slow Set [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, high-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for jams and preserves in lg. containers Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Properties: pH 3.4-4.2 (4%); 63-66% methoxylation Use Level: 0.3-0.7% (jellies in jars) Genu® JMJ [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, high-methoxyl type CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Stabilizer, protective colloid for milk proteins in cultured milk drinks and milk/fruit juice drinks having a long shelf life Features: Allows pasteurization of acidic milk prods. without curdling Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Properties: pH 2.7-3.2 (4%) Use Level: 0.4-0.7% (dairy drinks) Genu® Type DJ [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, low-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for jellies (jet cook applics.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Use Level: 1.0-2.5% (jellies) Genu® VIS [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, high-methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Bodying agent, mouthfeel enhancer in diet soft drinks, fruit drinks Features: Restores mouthfeel imparted by natural sweeteners Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Use Level: 0.1-0.2% (diet soft drinks, fruit drinks) 302

Part I: Trade Name Reference Genugel® X-902-02 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant, thickener, stabilizer, suspending agent, water binder, bodying agent, mouthfeel enhancer for foods Genulacta® CP-100 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Visc. builder, mouthfeel enhancer in instant puddings and flan Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.620; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.7 Use Level: 0.2-0.3% (instant puddings) Genulacta® CSM-2 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Thickener, mouthfeel enhancer in instant aerated desserts; suspending agent for cocoa in instant chocolate drinks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.620; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.7 Use Level: 0.15-0.25% (aerated desserts), 0.050.10% (instant chocolate drink) Genu® Pectins [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin; high-methoxyl and low-methoxyl purified natural hydrocolloid derived from citrus peels CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for jellies, jams, fruit preps.; visc. builder, bodying agent, suspending agent, protective colloid, and stabilizer for foods, convenience foods, beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Properties: Lt. cream to grayish powd.; no odor and flavor Genu® Pectin USP/100 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin USP CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gelling agent for jellies, jams, fruit preps.; visc. builder, bodying agent, suspending agent, protective colloid, and stabilizer for food systems, convenience Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods and beverages Regulatory: FCC, EEC compliance; GRAS Properties: Free-flowing granulate; essentially odorless and flavorless; 100-mesh particle size; sol. in water as 4% sol'n. @ 60 C; high m.w.; whiteness > 83; pH 3.6-4.1 (1% aq.) Genu® Pectin USP/200 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin USP CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gelling agent for jellies, jams, fruit preps.; visc. builder, bodying agent, suspending agent, protective colloid, and stabilizer for food systems, convenience foods, beverages, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries Regulatory: FCC, EEC compliance; GRAS Properties: Free-flowing granulate; essentially odorless and flavorless; 200-mesh particle size; sol. in water as 4% sol'n. @ 60 C; high m.w.; whiteness > 88; pH 3.6-4.4 (1% aq.) Genu® Pectin USP-L/200 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin USP CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gelling agent for jellies, jams, fruit preps.; visc. builder, bodying agent, suspending agent, protective colloid, and stabilizer for food systems, convenience foods, beverages, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries Regulatory: FCC, EEC compliance; GRAS Properties: Free-flowing granulate; essentially odorless and flavorless; sol. in water as 4% sol'n. @ 60 C; visc. 80-180 cs (2%); pH 3.6-4.4 (1% aq.) Genuvisco® [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant, thickener, stabilizer, suspending agent, water binder, bodying agent, mouthfeel enhancer for foods Genuvisco® CSW-2 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant, visc. builder, mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent for instant coldwater visc., nondairy prods. 303

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.620; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.7 Use Level: 0.1-0.3% (instant prods.) Geraniol BJ FCC [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Geraniol (70-72%), nerol Uses: Flavoring agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60; DOT: Chemicals n.o.i. Properties: Liq.; mild sweet floral-rose odor; sol. 1 in 3 in 70% alcohol v/v; sp.gr. 0.870-0.885; b.p. 444 F; flash pt. (TCC) 214 F; ref. index 1.469-1.478 (20 C); 99% min. act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3600 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; mild skin irritation and sensitization possible Geraniol Fine FCC [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Geraniol (98% min.), nerol (1%) Uses: Flavoring agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60; DOT: Chemicals n.o.i. Properties: APHA 30 max. liq.; mild sweet floralrose odor; sol. 1 in 3 in 70% alcohol v/v; sp.gr. 0.870-0.885; b.p. 444 F; flash pt. (TCC) 217 F; ref. index 1.469-1.478 (20 C); 99% min. act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3600 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; mild skin irritation and sensitization possible Geranyl Acetate 60 FCC [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Geranyl acetate (60-65%), neryl acetate Uses: Flavoring agent for fruit flavor compositions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60; DOT: Chemicals n.o.i. Properties: APHA 20 max. liq.; sweet, floral-fruit rosy odor; sp.gr. 0.900-0.914; b.p. 452 F; acid no. 0.1 max.; flash pt. (TCC) 218 F; ref. index 1.458-1.464 (20 C); 98.5% min. act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6300 mg/kg; mildly to severely irritating to skin in undiluted form; nonsensitizing Geranyl Acetate Extra FCC [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Geranyl acetate (98% min.) CAS 105-87-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-341-5 Uses: Flavoring agent for fruit flavor compositions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60; DOT: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chemicals n.o.i. Properties: APHA 20 max. liq.; sweet, floral-fruit rosy odor; sol. 1 in 9 in 70% alcohol; sp.gr. 0.900-0.914; b.p. 451 F; acid no. 1.0 max.; flash pt. (TCC) 220 F; ref. index 1.458-1.464 (20 C); 98.5% min. act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6300 mg/kg; mildly to severely irritating to skin in undiluted form; nonsensitizing Gistex® [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Baker's yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Meat extract replacement, flavor, flavor enhancer for foods Features: Imparts a savory stock type flavor and enhances other savory flavor notes; synergistically enhances hydrolyzed veg. protein used at 1 part Glistex to 2 parts HVP Gistex® XII [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Baker's yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Flavor enhancer, nutrient, vitamin B source, glutamic acid source in savory foods, soups, sauces, stocks Features: Offers a clean flavor profile and exc. enhancing abilities; effective at maximizing the flavor of meat, fish, game, poultry, and vegetables Regulatory: Kosher Glacier II [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose; agar; locust bean gum; titanium dioxide; modified tapioca starch; salt; mono- and diglycerides; nonfat milk See Glucose; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Nonfat dry milk; Sodium chloride Uses: Icing stabilizer; freeze-thaw stabilizer for frozen donut glazes, icings Properties: Wh. powd.; bland odor Use Level: 5-7% based on powdered sugar wt. Toxicology: Can cause allergic reaction to skin Precaution: Avoid contact with oxidizers, reducers, and bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use; do not leave product exposed to the air for extended 304

Part I: Trade Name Reference periods as it will absorb moisture Glass H® [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Long chain sodium hexametaphosphate CAS 10124-56-8; EINECS/ELINCS 233-343-1 Uses: Sequestrant, emulsifier, suspending agent, protein stabilizer for dairy prods. esp. processed cheese, ice cream, and frozen desserts; protein dispersant in whey processing; water binder for cured pork Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC compliance Properties: Powd., gran., plate; 99.9% through 20 mesh (powd.), 100% through 8 mesh (gran.); infinitely sol. in water; m.w. 2204; pH 6.3 (1%); anionic Use Level: 2% (process cheese), 0.1-0.5% (whey), 0.1-0.2% (ice cream) Glicepol 160 [Oxiteno Mexico http://www.oxiteno.com.mx] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol stearate See Glyceryl stearate CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, shortening, margarine, icings, dairy substitutes, cake mixes, Danish, sweet dough, whipped toppings, chewing gum, frozen desserts, caramels, dried potatoes; defoamer for food processing; peanut butter stabilizer Properties: Cream colotred waxy flakes; HLB 2.8; nonionic; 100% conc. Glicepol 180 [Oxiteno Mexico http://www.oxiteno.com.mx] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol oleate See Glyceryl oleate CAS 25496-72-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, baking, ice cream, shortening, margarine, frozen desserts; antifoam for sugar and protein processing Properties: Amber paste; HLB 2.8; nonionic; 100% conc. Glicepol GMS 20 [Oxiteno Mexico http://www.oxiteno.com.mx] Chem. Descrip.: POE (20) glycerol stearate See PEG-20 glyceryl stearate CAS 977055-13-2 Uses: Dough conditioner; emulsifier in baking, dairy, confectionery, snack, margarine, coffee whiteners, icings, and whipped toppings Properties: Lt. yel. semisolid paste; HLB 13.1; nonionic; 100% conc. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Glicopol 2-G [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl dilaurate CAS 27638-00-2; EINECS/ELINCS 248-586-9 Uses: Food lubricant Properties: Nonionic Globe® Corn Syrup Solids [Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com] Chem. Descrip.: corn syrup solids CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetness control agent, bodying agent, viscosity builder, flavor, humectant, binding agent, and browning agent in beverages and other food applics. Features: Has consistent carbohydrate distribution and low ash content; used where liq. prods. cannot be used Gloria® [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant, carrier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, §178.3620(a) Properties: Water-wh., odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.859-0.880; visc. 39-42 cSt (40 C); pour pt. 12 C; flash pt. 204 C Glucidex 2 [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy maize-based Uses: Gellant, thickener for confectionery, gums, jellies, chewy sweets, toffees, marshmallows Properties: Cl. thick sol'n. Glucidex 6 D [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6 Uses: Carrier for confectionery hard gums; coating; spray drying of heat-sensitive prods. Features: Nonhygroscopic Properties: Clear sol'n.; bland taste Glucidex 9 [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6 Uses: Carrier for foods Properties: Cl. thick sol'n.; bland taste; neutral sweetness Glucidex 12 D [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutrient, bulking agent in milk powds., 305

Part I: Trade Name Reference baby foods in jars, dry soups and sauces Properties: Cl. sol'n.; very sl. sweet taste Glucidex 17 D [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6 Uses: Nutrient, bulking agent in milk powds., baby foods in jars, dry soups and sauces Properties: Cl. sol'n.; very sl. sweet taste Glucidex 19 D [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6 Uses: Nutrient, bulking agent in milk powds., baby foods in jars, dry soups and sauces Properties: Cl. sol'n.; very sl. sweet taste Glucidex 21 D [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Low DE dried glucose syrup See Glucose, liquid Uses: Water binder, visc. builder for meat prods., alcohol-free beers, ketchup, sauces, coffee whiteners Features: Hardly fermentable Glucidex 29 D [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6 Uses: Reducing sugar source, oligosaccharide source in foods Properties: Sl. sweet taste Glucidex® IT6 [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bulking agent for dry beverage mixes, dry soups, sauces, and spice blends; carrier for flavors and fragrances Features: Easier handling and processing; better flowability; quick disp. and dissolution; consistent particle size Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Spherical, wh. free-flowing microgran. powd.; odorless; almost instantaneous dispersal and dissolution in water Glucidex® IT8 [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bulking agent for dry beverage mixes, dry soups, sauces, and spice blends; carrier for flavors and fragrances Features: Easier handling and processing; better flowability; quick disp. and dissolution; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

consistent particle size Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Spherical, wh. free-flowing microgran. powd.; odorless; almost instantaneous dispersal and dissolution in water Glucidex® IT12 [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bulking agent for dry beverage mixes, dry soups, sauces, and spice blends; carrier for flavors and fragrances Features: Easier handling and processing; better flowability; quick disp. and dissolution; consistent particle size Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Spherical, wh. free-flowing microgran. powd.; odorless; almost instantaneous dispersal and dissolution in water Glucidex® IT19 [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bulking agent for dry beverage mixes, dry soups, sauces, and spice blends; carrier for flavors and fragrances Features: Easier handling and processing; better flowability; quick disp. and dissolution; consistent particle size Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Spherical, wh. free-flowing microgran. powd.; odorless; almost instantaneous dispersal and dissolution in water Glucidex® IT21 [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Dried glucose syrup See Glucose, liquid Uses: Bulking agent for dry beverage mixes, dry soups, sauces, and spice blends; carrier for flavors and fragrances Features: Easier handling and processing; better flowability; quick disp. and dissolution; consistent particle size Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Spherical, wh. free-flowing microgran. powd.; odorless; almost instantaneous dispersal and dissolution in water Glucidex® IT29 [Roquette 306

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Dried glucose syrup See Glucose, liquid Uses: Bulking agent for dry beverage mixes, dry soups, sauces, and spice blends; carrier for flavors and fragrances Features: Easier handling and processing; better flowability; quick disp. and dissolution; consistent particle size Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Spherical, wh. free-flowing microgran. powd.; odorless; almost instantaneous dispersal and dissolution in water Glucidex® IT33 [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Dried glucose syrup See Glucose, liquid Uses: Bulking agent for dry beverage mixes, dry soups, sauces, and spice blends; carrier for flavors and fragrances Features: Easier handling and processing; better flowability; quick disp. and dissolution; consistent particle size Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Spherical, wh. free-flowing microgran. powd.; odorless; almost instantaneous dispersal and dissolution in water Glucidex® IT38 [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Dried glucose syrup See Glucose, liquid Uses: Bulking agent for dry beverage mixes, dry soups, sauces, and spice blends; carrier for flavors and fragrances Features: Easier handling and processing; better flowability; quick disp. and dissolution; consistent particle size Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Spherical, wh. free-flowing microgran. powd.; odorless; almost instantaneous dispersal and dissolution in water Glucidex® IT47 [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Dried glucose syrup See Glucose, liquid Uses: Bulking agent for dry beverage mixes, dry soups, sauces, and spice blends; carrier for flavors and fragrances Features: Easier handling and processing; better Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flowability; quick disp. and dissolution; consistent particle size Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Spherical, wh. free-flowing microgran. powd.; odorless; almost instantaneous dispersal and dissolution in water Glucodry 210 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup solids See Corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Sweetener in baby foods, confectionery prods., coffee creamers, dry mixes Properties: Powd. Glucodry 210 G [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: dried glucose syrup See Corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Bulking agent, dispersing agent, sweetener in baby foods, dry mixes Glucodry 310 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup solids See Corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Sweetener in baby foods, confectionery prods., coffee creamers, dairy prods., dry mixes Glucodry 350 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup solids See Corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Sweetener in bakery prods., baby foods, confectionery prods., coffee creamers, dairy prods., dry mixes Glucodry 380 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup solids See Corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Sweetener in baby foods, dairy prods. Glucodry 430 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup solids See Corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, fruit-based 307

Part I: Trade Name Reference prods., bakery prods., meats, soups, sauces, dressings, frozen dairy, alcoholic beverages; sucrose replacement for fatbased cream fillings Features: Regular ground type; renders creamy and not to sweet taste without impact on processing Use Level: 30% of total dry sugars Glucomalt 151 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 38 DE; 79% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, fermentation prods., ice cream Properties: Visc. 14.5 Pa s (40 C) Glucomalt 161 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, fermentation prods., ice cream Glucomalt 351 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 43 DE; 79% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, fermentation prods., bakery prods. Properties: Visc. 6.5 Pa s (40 C) Glucomalt 361 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 43 DE; 81% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery Properties: Visc. 14.0 Pa s (40 C) Glucomalt 371 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 43 DE; 83% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery Properties: Visc. 67 Pa s (40 C)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Glucomalt 451 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery Glucomalt 461 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery Glucomalt 551 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 42 DE; 79% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, bakery prods., fermentation prods., ice cream Properties: Visc. 6.5 Pa s (40 C) Glucomalt 561 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 42 DE; 81% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, fermentation prods. Properties: Visc. 14.5 Pa s (40 C) Glucomalt 571 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 42 DE; 83% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery Properties: Visc. 69.0 Pa s (40 C) Glucomalt 661 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, fermentation prods. Glucomalt 710 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 52 DE; 70% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 308

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Sweetener in fermentation prods. Properties: Visc. 0.2 Pa s (40 C) Glucomalt 731 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in fermentation prods. Glucomalt 760 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 52 DE; 80% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, bakery, fruit-based prods., fermentation prods. Properties: Visc. 4.0 Pa s (40 C) Glucomalt 771 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high maltose glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, bakery, fruit-based prods., fermentation prods. Gluconal® CA M [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium gluconate monohydrate FCC/USP, EP, JP CAS 299-28-5; EINECS/ELINCS 206-075-8 Uses: Mineral source for dietary supplements, fortified foods, animal feeds Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184, GRAS Properties: Wh. powd./gran.; odorless; pract. tasteless; sol. 40 g/l water; m.w. 448.4; bulk dens. 300-650 kg/m3; pH 7.5 (1%); 98.5-100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; nonhazardous at current use levels; extremely high levels may result in hypercalcemia and possible renal impairment Storage: Store in well-closed containers in dry place at ambient temps. (15-20 C); material should be retested after 3 yrs. storage Gluconal® CU-P [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Copper gluconate FCC/USP See Copper gluconate (ic) CAS 527-09-3; EINECS/ELINCS 208-408-2 Uses: Mineral source for dietary Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

supplements, fortified foods, animal feeds Features: Food grade Regulatory: USP, FCC, FDA 21CFR §184.1260, 582.80; US GRAS Properties: Lt. blue powd.; faint char. odor; almost tasteless; sol. 500 g/l water; m.w. 453.8; bulk dens. 450-550 kg/m3; pH 4.6 (1%); decomp. temp. ≈ 160 C; 98-100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1710 mg/kg; harmful if swallowed; nonhazardous at current use levels Storage: Store in well-closed containers in dry place at ambient temps. (15-20 C); material should be retested after 3 yrs. storage Gluconal® FE Food [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ferrous gluconate FCC CAS 299-29-6; EINECS/ELINCS 206-076-3 Uses: Mineral source for dietary supplements, fortified foods, animal feeds; color enhancer, texturizer for blk. olives during canning Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §582.80; US GRAS, E 579 compliant Properties: Yel.-gray to pale greenish-yel. powd./gran.; faint char. odor resembling burnt sugar; saline taste at first, then sl. chalybeate; sol. 100 g/l water; m.w. 446.1; bulk dens. 650850 kg/m3; pH 4.5 (1%); decomp. temp. ≈ 100 C; 87.5-95% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4600 mg/kg; nonhazardous at current use levels Environmental: readily biodegradable; no bioaccumulation Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in well-closed containers, protected from light, in dry place at ambient temps. (15-20 C); material should be retested after 3 yrs. storage Gluconal® FE Pharma [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ferrous gluconate FCC CAS 299-29-6; EINECS/ELINCS 206-076-3 Uses: Mineral source for human and veterinary pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements Features: Pharmaceutical grade Regulatory: USP. EP, E 579; FDA GRAS Properties: Yel.-gray to pale greenish-yel. powd.; char. odor resembling burnt sugar; saline taste 309

Part I: Trade Name Reference at first, then sl. chalybeate; sol. 100 g/l water; m.w. 482.2; bulk dens. 650-850 kg/m3; pH 4.50.5.5% (10 g/90 g water); decomp. temp. ≈ 100 C; 97.0-102.0% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4600 mg/kg; nonhazardous at current use levels Environmental: readily biodegradable; no bioaccumulation Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in well-closed containers, protected from light, in dry place at ambient temps. (15-20 C); material should be retested after 3 yrs. storage Gluconal® K-G [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium gluconate FCC/USP See Potassium D-gluconate CAS 299-27-4; EINECS/ELINCS 206-074-2 Uses: Mineral source for dietary supplements, fortified foods, animal feeds Features: Food grade Regulatory: USP, US GRAS, E 577 compliant Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd./gran.; faint char. odor; sl. bitter taste; sol. 1000 g/l cold water; m.w. 234.3; bulk dens. 500-650 kg/m3; pH 7.1 (1%); 95-100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6060 mg/kg; nonhazardous at current use levels; may cause eye irritation with susceptible persons or irritation of the respiratory tract Precaution: Use dust mask, safety glasses; avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in well-closed containers in dry place at ambient temps. (15-20 C); material should be retested after 3 yrs. storage Gluconal® MG-P [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium gluconateanhydrous FCC/USP CAS 3632-91-5; EINECS/ELINCS 222-848-2 Uses: Mineral source for dietary supplements, fortified foods, animal feeds Features: Food grade Regulatory: USP, US GRAS, E 580 compliant Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd./gran.; sol. 160 g/l cold water; m.w. 414.6; bulk dens. 500-750 kg/m3; pH 7.3 ((50 g/l H2O, solution)); 86-99% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 9100 mg/kg; nonhazardous at current use levels; may Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cause eye irritation with susceptible persons or irritation of the respiratory tract Environmental: readily biodegradable; no bioaccumulation Precaution: Use dust mask, safety glasses; avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in well-closed containers in dry place at ambient temps. (15-20 C); material should be retested after 3 yrs. storage Gluconal® MN-P [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Manganese gluconate FCC/USP CAS 6485-39-8; EINECS/ELINCS 229-350-4 Uses: Mineral source for dietary supplements, fortified foods, animal feeds Features: Food grade Regulatory: USP, FDA 21CFR §184.1452, 582.5452; US GRAS compliant Properties: Off-wh. odorless powd. or gran.; astringent taste; sol. 110 g/l cold water; m.w. 481.3; bulk dens. 500-600 kg/m3; pH ≈6.5 (50 g/l H2O, sol'n.); 90.5-100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; nonhazardous at current use levels; nontoxic Environmental: readily biodegradable; no bioaccumulation Precaution: Use dust mask, safety glasses; avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in well-closed containers in dry place at ambient temps. (15-20 C); material should be retested after 3 yrs. storage Gluconal® ZN-G [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Zinc gluconate FCC/USP CAS 4468-02-4; EINECS/ELINCS 224-736-9 Uses: Mineral source for dietary supplements, fortified foods, animal feeds Features: Food grade Regulatory: USP, FCC, FDA 21CFR §182.8988; US GRAS, California Proposition 65 compliant Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd./gran.; almost tasteless; faint characteristic odor; sol. 100 g/l cold water; m.w. 455.7; bulk dens. 600-800 kg/m3; pH 6.5 (1%); decomp. temp. ≈155 C; 85.5-100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; nonhazardous at current use levels Environmental: readily biodegradable; no 310

Part I: Trade Name Reference bioaccumulation Precaution: Use dust mask, safety glasses; avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in well-closed containers in dry place at ambient temps. (15-20 C); material should be retested after 3 yrs. storage Gluconal® ZN-P [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Zinc gluconate anhydrous Chem. Analysis: 11.6% max. mositure CAS 4468-02-4; EINECS/ELINCS 224-736-9 Uses: Mineral source for dietary supplements, fortified foods, animal feeds Features: Food grade Regulatory: USP, FCC, FDA 21CFR §182.8988; US GRAS, California Proposition 65 compliant Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd..; almost tasteless; faint characteristic odor; sol. in water (10 g/100 ml); m.w. 455.7; bulk dens. 600-800 kg/m3; pH 6.5 (1%); decomp. temp. ≈155 C; 97.0-102.0% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; nonhazardous at current use levels Environmental: readily biodegradable; no bioaccumulation Precaution: Use dust mask, safety glasses; avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in well-closed containers in dry place at ambient temps. (15-20 C); material should be retested after 3 yrs. storage Glucoplus 161 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery Glucoplus 163 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery Glucoplus 173 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery Glucoplus 331 [Tate & Lyle UK Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, fermentation prods. Glucoplus 351 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, fermentation prods. Glucoplus 361 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, fermentation prods., ice cream Glucoplus 371 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery Glucoplus 531 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in bakery prods. Glucoplus 561 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, bakery prods., fermentation prods., ice cream Glucoplus 571 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery Glucosweet 251 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content 311

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in bakery prods., ice cream Features: Produced from a multiple enzyme process Glucosweet 261 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 62 DE; 81% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, bakery prods., ice cream Properties: Visc. 3.5 Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 341 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, bakery prods., fruit-based prods. Glucosweet 361 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 67 DE; 81% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, bakery prods., fruit-based prods. Properties: Visc. 3.0 Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 371 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 61 DE; 83% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, bakery prods., fruit-based prods., ice cream Properties: Visc. 11 Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 431 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 70 DE; 75% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy, fruit preparations, prepared foods, soups, sauces, dressings Properties: Visc. 0.3 Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 451 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 70 DE; 79% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery Properties: Visc. 1.1 Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 461 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 70 DE; 81% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, dairy, fruitbased prods., ice cream, sauces Properties: Visc. 2.8 Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 471 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 70 DE; 83% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, bakery, fruit-based prods. Properties: Visc. 6.0 Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 481 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 70 DE; 815 DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, fruit-based prods. Properties: Visc. 14.2 Pa s (40 C) 312

Part I: Trade Name Reference Glucosweet 611 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy, fruit preparations, prepared foods, soups, sauces, dressings Glucosweet 660 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages Glucosweet 661 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 75 DE; 81% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages Properties: Visc. 2.2 Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 680 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 75 DE; 84% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in fruit-based prods. Properties: Visc. 7.5 Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 681 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in fruit-based prods. Glucosweet 711 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 80 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

DE; 71% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy, fruit preparations, prepared foods, soups, sauces, dressings Properties: Visc. 0.1 Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 731 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 80 DE; 75% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy, fruit preparations, prepared foods, soups, sauces, dressings Properties: Visc. 0.25Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 761 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content; 80 DE; 81% DS CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, fruit-based prods. Properties: Visc. 2.0 Pa s (40 C) Glucosweet 931 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose syrup with fructose See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose on dry content CAS 8029-43-4; 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy, fruit preparations, prepared foods, soups, sauces, dressings Properties: Visc. 0.15 Pa s (40 C) Glutaminase Daiwa C100S [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp; Amano Enzyme USA; Unipex http://www.unipex.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glutaminase from Bacillus subtilis with sodium chloride as an additive See Glutaminase CAS 9001-47-2; 7647-14-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-598-3 Uses: Enzyme for foods, converting Lglutamine to L-glutamic acid which has 313

Part I: Trade Name Reference flavor enhancing props. in savory food systems, e.g., miso, soy sauce, mirin (sweet sake used as a seasoning) and pickles, etc. Features: Good thermal stability, salt-resistance, and alcohol-resistance Properties: Lt. brn. powd.; typical fermentation odor; sol. in water Toxicology: May irritate skin and eyes; inh. of aerosols or dust resulting from inappropriate handling may induce sensitization and may cause allergic reactions in sensitized individuals; nontoxic Environmental: biodeg.; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear approved respirator, latex gloves, and eye protection for dust and potential airborne concs. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store cool and dry Gluzyme 10000 BG [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose oxidase CAS 9001-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-601-0 Uses: Gluten strengthening aid in bread improvers Features: Cost-effective; facilitates baking processes; consistently high volume; superior product appearance; reliable dough handling Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored at 25 C; longer shelf life when stored at 5 C; store under dry and cold condition preferable under refrigeration Gluzyme Mono 10000 BG [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose oxidase CAS 9001-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-601-0 Uses: Gluten strengthening aid in bread improvers Features: Suitable for GMO-sensitive applics.; cost-effective; facilitates baking processes; consistently high volume; superior product appearance; reliable dough handling Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored at 25 C; longer shelf life when stored at 5 C; store under dry and cold condition preferable under refrigeration Glycomul® L K [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan laurate CAS 1338-39-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-663-3 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Amber cl. liq.; sol. in methanol, ethanol, naphtha; disp. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; visc. 3100 cps (30 C); HLB 9; acid no. 7 max.; sapon. no. 158-170; hyd. no. 330-358; flash pt. 204 C; pH 6.5 (5%); nonionic; 99% min. conc. Glycomul® S KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate NF, FCC CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, baked goods, icings, fillings, whipped toppings; rehydration aid in prod. of active dry yeast; syn. flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.842; kosher certified Properties: Tan beads, mild odor; 100% through 8 mesh, 5% through 100 mesh; m.p. 53 C; HLB 5; acid no. 5-10; sapon. no. 147-157; hyd. no. 235-260; nonionic; 1% max. moisture Glycomul® TS KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan tristearate CAS 26658-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; antibloom agent in chocolates Properties: Gardner 2 beads; m.p. 55 C; HLB 2; acid no. 14; nonionic Glycon® CAN KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. canola fatty acid See Canola acid CAS 67701-08-0 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; FCC approved; kosher food grade Properties: Lovibond 3Y/0.3R color (5¼); acid no. 270; iodine no. 120-125; sapon. no. 201 Glycon® CLK KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Coconut fatty acid See Coconut acid EINECS/ELINCS 262-978-7 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; FCC approved; kosher food grade Properties: Lovibond 3Y/0.3R color (5¼); acid no. 270; iodine no. 3-5; sapon. no. 272 Glycon® G-100 [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 314

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Humectant, bodying agent, moisture control agent for sugarless confections, controlled-moisture foods; sweetener, flavoring agent Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; odorless; APHA 12 max. color; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.2607; vapor pressure < 0.1 mm Hg; vapor dens. 3.17; b.p. 290 C; flash pt. (COC) 177 C; autoignition temp. 370 C; 99.5% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12,600 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 4090 mg/kg, (oral, guinea pig) 7750 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat) > 570 mg/m3 Environmental: ERC50 (mycrostic sp.) 2900 mg/l, (entosiphon sp.) 3200 mg/l Precaution: Spills may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Acrolein, other toxic vapors, COx Storage: Keep container closed when not in use; protect from light, heat Glycon® G-300 [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin (96%) CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Humectant, bodying agent, moisture control agent for sugarless confections, controlled-moisture foods; sweetener, flavoring agent Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; odorless; APHA 12 max. color; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.25; vapor pressure < 0.1 mm Hg; vapor dens. 3.17; b.p. 290 C (decomposes); flash pt. (COC) 177 C; autoignition temp. 370 C; sp.gr. 1.2517; 96% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12,600 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 4090 mg/kg, (oral, guinea pig) 7750 mg/kg, (oral, rabbit) 27 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 10 g/kg; mild skin, eye irritant Environmental: ERC50 (mycrostic sp.) 2900 mg/l, (entosiphon sp.) 3200 mg/l Precaution: Spills may be slippery; wear adequate protective clothing; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2 Storage: Keep container until use; protect from heat, direct sunlight Glycon® O75 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: High oleic fatty acid See Oleic acid CAS 112-80-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-007-1 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; FCC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

approved; kosher food grade Properties: Lovibond 2Y/0.2R color (5¼); acid no. 200; iodine no. 125-135; sapon. no. 201 Glycon® S-65 T [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated tallow fatty acid See Hydrogenated tallow acid CAS 61790-38-3; EINECS/ELINCS 263-130-9 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods; component of other food additives Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860 Properties: Acid no. 204; iodine no. 0.8; sapon. no. 205 Glycon® S-70 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: 70% Stearic acid CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods; component of other food additives Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; kosher Properties: Solid; acid no. 203; iodine no. 0.8; sapon. no. 204 Glycon® S-90 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: 90% Stearic acid CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods; component of other food additives Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; kosher Properties: Solid; acid no. 199; iodine no. 0.7; sapon. no. 201 Glycon® SFA KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soya fatty acid See Soy acid CAS 68308-53-2; EINECS/ELINCS 269-657-0 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; FCC approved; kosher Properties: Lovibond 2Y/0.3R color (5¼); acid no. 200; iodine no. 126 min.; sapon. no. 201 Glycon® TP KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid, triple pressed. CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods; component of other food additives Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860; kosher Properties: Solid; acid no. 210; iodine no. 0.8; sapon. no. 211 315

Part I: Trade Name Reference Glycosperse® L-10 K [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-10 sorbitan laurate CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: O/w emulsifier, visc. modifier for aq. systems, foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Gardner 5 liq.; HLB 8; acid no. 2; nonionic Glycosperse® L-20 K [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 20 CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Emulsifier, flavor solubilizer, flavor dispersant in foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Yel. cl. liq.; sol. in water, alcohol, acetone; sp.gr. 1.1; visc. 400 cps; HLB 16.7; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 40-50; hyd. no. 96108; pH 7 (5%); nonionic; 3% max. moisture Glycosperse® O-20 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 NF FCC CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier for ice cream, frozen desserts, whipped edible oil topping; solubilizer, dispersant for shortenings, pickles, vitamin-min. preps., gelatin desserts; wetting agent in poultry defeathering scald, colorants; defoamer for cottage cheese Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.100, 73.1001, 172.515, 172.840, 173.40, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3400; kosher Properties: Amber cl. liq., mild odor; HLB 15.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 6580; nonionic; 3% max. moisture Storage: Store in cool, dry area Glycosperse® S-20 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 NF FCC CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier for whipped toppings, cakes, shortenings, nondairy creamers, protective coatings on raw fruits/vegs.; opacifier in confection coatings; foaming agent in beverages; dispersant in gelatin desserts; wetting agent for colors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.836; kosher Properties: Gardner 7 max. soft solid; HLB 15.0; m.p. 28 C; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 81-96; pH 7 (5%); nonionic; 3% max. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

moisture Storage: Store in cool, dry area Glycosperse® TS-20 KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 65 FCC CAS 9005-71-4 Uses: Emulsifier for ice cream, frozen desserts, cakes, whipped toppings, nondairy creamers, icings, fillings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.838; kosher Properties: Soft solid, bland odor; m.p. 31 C; HLB 11.0; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 88-98 hyd. no. 44-60; nonionic; 3% max. moisture Storage: Store in cool, dry area GMS 90 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated monoglycerides Chem. Analysis: 23% mono Uses: Emulsifier for breads, buns, sweet goods, tortillas, pizza Properties: Wh. plastic; iodine no. 3 max. GMS 90 Double Strength [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated monoglycerides Uses: Emulsifier for breads, buns, yeast leavened sweet goods, tortillas, pizza Properties: Wh. plastic; iodine no. 3 max.; 45% mono GMS 400V [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate, veg. grade CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Prevents sticking and hardening in chewing gum; emulsion stabilizer for margarine; emulsifier in shortenings increasing performance in cake and pastry prod. Properties: Solid; m.p. 57-60 C; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 160-170; nonionic; 45% min. monoglyceride Use Level: 0.5% (chewing gum), 0.25-0.5% (margarine), 6-8% (shortenings) GMS 402V [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate SE, veg. grade CAS 11099-07-3 Uses: Starch complexing agent, shelf life extender for bread; improves quality and volume in cakes; emulsifier in coffee 316

Part I: Trade Name Reference whiteners, filled milk; stabilizer for mayonnaise; fat dispersant in soups Features: Controls/improves emulsification Properties: Solid; m.w. 54-58 C; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 158-165; anionic; 42% min. monoglyceride Use Level: 0.75-5% (bread, cake), 1-1.5% (coffee whitener), 0.5% (mayonnaise), 6-8% (shortenings) Gold n Flavor® 25/75 Butter Blends [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: Contains 25% butter Uses: Flavoring in food Properties: M.p. 46-49 C; iodine value 76-79 Storage: Store @ R.T. Gold n Flavor® 105-090 Bakers Margarine [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Uses: Flavor and butter substitute in bakery prods. and fillings Properties: M.p. 113-122 C; iodine value 68-80 Storage: Store @ R.T. Gold n Flavor® 105-100 Bakers Roll-in Margarine [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Uses: Flavoring; butter substitute Features: Exc. buttery flavor Properties: M.p. 111.2-120.2 C; iodine value 74 Storage: Store @ R.T. Gold n Flavor® 105-060 Table Grade Margarine [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Uses: Flavoring for cookies, icings, fillings, sauces, soups, Danish pastries, breads and rolls, candies, and caramels Properties: Iodine value 94 Storage: Store @ R.T. Golden Gate Sour [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Flour, salt, corn flour, malt, fumaric acid, sodium diacetate, and lactic acid See Corn (Zea mays) flour; Sodium chloride Uses: Sour dough flavoring agent for bread, rolls, and specialty prods. Features: Stable components; acidic nature assists in retarding growth of mold Properties: Dry free-flowing powd.; 98% through 20 mesh; pH 3.8 (5%); 10% moisture Use Level: 10% on total flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Goldex® II [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn flour, corn dextrin, salt, FD&C yellow #5, FD&C red #40 See Corn (Zea mays) flour; Dextrin; FD&C Red No. 40; FD&C Yellow No. 5; Sodium chloride Uses: Colorant, texturizer, moisture retention aid for baked goods Features: Provides a rich yellow color in dry convenient-to-use form; readily disperses for even color distribution Properties: Lt. yel. dry free-flowing powd.; 100% through 20 mesh; 9.5% max. moisture Use Level: 3-3.5% on total flour (cakes); 11.15% on flour (yeast-raised sweet goods, specialty breads) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Gold-N-Shine [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Powd. designed to replace egg wash; imparts golden shine to baked goods when mixed with water; dissolves easily, does not lump Properties: Free-flowing powd. Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Protective colloid, stabilizer, suspending agent, emulsifier, film-former, visc. builder for foods, confectionery, flavors; foam stabilizer in brewing; sugar crystallization retarder in candies, jellies, glazes, chewing gums; flavoring agent Properties: Wh. gran., almost odorless and tasteless; sol. in hot or cold water Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Protective colloid, stabilizer, suspending agent, emulsifier, film-former, visc. builder for foods, confectionery, flavors; foam stabilizer in brewing; sugar crystallization retarder in candies, jellies, glazes, chewing gums; flavoring agent Properties: Wh. gran., almost odorless and tasteless; sol. in hot or cold water

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Granular Gum Ghatti #1 [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum ghatti CAS 9000-28-6 Uses: Stabilizer, binder, emulsifier forming o/w emulsions; used in beverage emulsions where it forms orange oil emulsions, in table syrup emulsions Properties: Water-sol. Grapefruit Artificial Flavor 4115 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: n-Octanal (1-10%), n-Decacal (1-10%), β-Linalool (1-10%), Triacetin (1050%), d-Limonene (10-50%) See Decanal; Linalool CAS 124-13-0; 112-31-2; 78-70-6; 102-76-1; 5989-27-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-683-8; 203957-4; 201-134-4; 203-051-9; 227-813-5 UN 1993 Uses: Grapefruit flavor for food Regulatory: Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China SEPA/CICS Properties: Nearly colorless liq.; grapefruit odor; sp.gr. 0.975; vapor dens. > 1; b.p. 189 C; flash pt. (TCC) 52 C Toxicology: Skin irritant; ing. may cause lung damage; TSCA listed Environmental: marine pollutant Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong acids, bases and materials that react with unsat. hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters and aldehydes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep container tightly closed; avoid prolonged exposure to air Grapefruit Terpenes [Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com] Chem. Descrip.: Grapefruit oil terpenes Chem. Analysis: D-Limonene (95%) CAS 68917-32-8 Uses: Flavoring agent and aroma additive for foods Properties: Cl. liq.; grapefuit aroma; sol. in benzyl benzoate and min. oil; sl. sol. in PG; insol. in water and glycerine; sp.gr. 0.842; vapor pressure ≈ 1 mm Hg (20 C); flash pt. (CC) 115 F; 95% volatile Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: Mod. irritant to skin, eyes, nose, and throat; sl. allergen; mod. ing. and sl. inh. hazard Precaution: Combustible; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Ingredients: D-limonene Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. produces CO, CO2, and smoke HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ < 21 C in well-ventilated, covered area; once opened, head space should be purged with inert gas and tightly resealed Green Banana Powder Trogreen Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cavendish bananas Chem. Analysis: Moisture 5.0% max.; protein 34%; fat < 1.0%; 62-63% carbohydrates; 6-10% fiber Uses: Banana flavor in foods; gluten-free flour to replace wheat flour for those with gluten allergies; neutral flavor carrier and thickener in liq. formulations and dry mixes Features: High in potassium; good gelling chars.; no carriers or additives used Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; GMO compliant Properties: Cream powd. Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed orig. containers Green Soap [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Fatty acid sodium salt Uses: Lubricant for food industry Properties: Green solid Greetin [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable oil-based Uses: Release emulsion for highly automated, high vol. prod. lines of bread prods. Grilamid® L25 [EMS-GRIVORY N. Am. http://www.emsgrivory.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Nylon 12 resin CAS 25038-74-8 Uses: Used in sausage skins for precooked sausages Properties: Dens. 1.01 g/cm3; m.p. 176 C; ens. E-Mod 1100 MPa; stress @ yield 6 MPa; tear resist. 5 N/mm; impact str. (notched, Charpy, 23 C) 10 kJ/m2); melt volume rate (275 C/5 kg) 20 cm3/10 min 318

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Store in sealed , undamaged bags Grindamyl™ [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Uses: Baking enzyme providing superior handling in dough, and larger volume, better crust color, finer crumb structure, better crumb softness, and extended shelf life in baked goods Grindox™ [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Uses: Antioxidant for fats and oils, margarines and spreads, snacks, dressings and marinades, processed meat and fish prods., bakery prods. such as cereals, biscuits, and crackers Grindox™ Ascorbyl Palmitate [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ascorbyl palmitate CAS 137-66-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-305-4 Uses: Antioxidant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3149 GRAS; E304 compliant Grindsted™ ACETEM [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acetic acid esters of monoglycerides See Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-55-6 Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent for foods, shortenings, toppings, cakes, edible coatings; plasticizer for chewing gum base Properties: Solid/liq.; nonionic; 100% conc. Grindsted™ Alginate FD 000 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Alginic acid CAS 9005-32-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-680-1 Uses: Texturizer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1011, GRAS; E400 compliant Properties: Water-sol. Grindsted™ Alginate FD 100 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Texturizer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; E401 compliant Properties: Water-sol. Grindsted™ Alginate FD 200 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium alginate CAS 9005-36-1 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Texturizer for foods; gellant for bakery fruit fillings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1610, GRAS; E402 compliant Properties: Water-sol. Grindsted™ Alginate FD 400 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium alginate CAS 9005-35-0 Uses: Texturizer for foods; gellant for bakery fruit fillings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1187, GRAS; E404 compliant Properties: Water-sol. Grindsted™ BK [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Uses: Stabilizer, texturizer for fresh cheese (cottage cheese, cream cheese), processed cheese (spreadable, sliced or shredded), cheese analogs Grindsted™ Carrageenan CW 100 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant, visc. builder, flavor enhancer for fruit glazes Grindsted™ CITREM [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid esters of mono and diglycerides See Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-05-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, frying margarine and meat emulsions Properties: Flakes; HLB 11; anionic; 100% conc. Grindsted™ FSB [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, moisture retention aid for baked goods; inc. volume in cakes Grindsted™ GA 1350 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Emulsifier blend Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent, stabilizer in cakes Grindsted™ GA 1350 K-A [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol ester in fatty acids, mono-diglycerides, sodium stearoyl 319

Part I: Trade Name Reference lactylate and tricalcium phosphate See Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids Chem. Analysis: As 3 mg/kg max.; Pb 2 mg/kg max.; Hg 1 mg/kg max.; Cd 1 mg/kg max. heavy metals 10 mg/kg max.; free propylene glycol 1% max.; free glycerol 1% max.; monoester content 75% min. Uses: Emulsifier for regular and reduced fat cakes and muffins Features: Improved whipping of cake and muffin batter; improved grain and texture; increased tenderness of low-fat prods. Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21CFR §172.846, 172.856, 182.1217, 184.1505; E471, 477, 481 compliant Properties: Powd.; acid value 15 max.; iodine value 2 max. Use Level: 0.75-1.0% for high ratio, low fat cakes; 0.25-0.75% for cake muffins; 0.5-1.0% for low fat cake muffins Storage: 12 mos. when stored in unbroken pkg. @ < 10 C and < 80% relative humidity; keep away from sunlight and odorous prods. Grindsted™ Guar [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Texturizer for foods; stabilizer for fruit pulp and juice, mouthfeel improver for carbonated soft drinks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1339 GRAS; E412 compliant Properties: Water-sol.

Grindsted™ LACTEM P-22 Kosher [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactic acid esters of mono and diglycerides See Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Chem. Analysis: As 3 mg/kg max.; Pb 2 mg/kg max.; Hg 1 mg/kg max.; Cd 1 mg/kg max. heavy metals 10 mg/kg max. Uses: Emulsifier for vegetable whipping creams, chocolate, chocolate compound, topping powds., cake margarine, high ratio shortening Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21CFR §172.852; E472b compliant Properties: Beads; m.p. ≈ 44 C; acid value 4 max.; iodine value 2 max.; sapon. value 270300 Use Level: 3-8% (cake shortening), 8-12% (whipped topping powd.), 0.5-1% (liq. imitation whipping cream), 0.2-0.5% (UHT dairy creams), 0.5-2% (compd. coatings) Storage: 12 mos. when stored in unbroken pkg. @ < 10 C and < 80% relative humidity; keep away from sunlight, odorous prods. Grindsted™ LBG [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Texturizer for foods; reduces syneresis, improves pumpability in bakery fruit fillings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1343 GRAS; E410 compliant Properties: Water-sol.

Grindsted™ JU [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Uses: Stabilizer for fruit pulp and juice, mouthfeel improver for carbonated soft drinks, alcoholic beverages, vegetable protein drinks, coffee and tea beverages

Grindsted Monodye HV 52 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diglycerides Uses: Food additive Regulatory: GRAS

Grindsted™ LACTEM [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactic acid esters of mono and diglycerides See Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, shortening, cake mixes, cake improvers, toppings, and dessert powds. Properties: Solid/flakes; HLB 5.1-8.2; nonionic; 100% conc.

Grindsted™ Pectin [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Texturizer for foods; stabilizer for fruit pulp and juice, mouthfeel improver for carbonated soft drinks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588 GRAS; E440 compliant Properties: Water-sol.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Grindsted™ PECTIN CF 120 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, texturizer for bakery fruit fillings Features: Ensures flavor release Grindsted™ PECTIN CF 140 B [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, texturizer for bakery fruit fillings Features: Superior syneresis control; suitable for post processing and subsequent gelation Grindsted™ PECTIN FB 220 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, stabilizer for bakery fruit fillings Features: Provides pumpable fruit preps.; ensures flavor release Grindsted™ PECTIN FB 850 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, stabilizer for bakery fruit fillings Features: Provides pumpable fruit preps.; ensures flavor release Grindsted™ PECTIN LA 040 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, texturizer for jams, jellies Features: Provides spreadable to softly gelled textures Grindsted™ PECTIN LB 401 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, visc. builder, flavor enhancer for fruit glazes Grindsted™ PECTIN LC 700 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Thixotrope for fruit glazes including high-sugar/low-sugar jams and jellies, fruit preps. for yogurt and ice cream Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Grindsted™ PECTIN MRS 351 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, texturizer for jams, jellies, bakery fillings Features: Provides homogeneous fruit distribution Grindsted™ PECTIN RS 400 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, texturizer for jams, jellies Features: Provides homogeneous fruit distribution Grindsted™ PECTIN SF [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, texturizer for jams, jellies Features: Provides spreadable to softly gelled textures Grindsted™ PECTIN SS 200 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, texturizer for jams, jellies Features: Provides spreadable texture esp. in puree and pulp Grindsted™ PECTIN XSS 100 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant, texturizer for jams, jellies Features: Provides spreadable texture esp. in puree and pulp Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 310 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Thixotrope, suspending agent for fruit in yogurt fruit preps. Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 450 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Thixotrope, suspending agent for fruit in yogurt fruit preps. Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 738 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin 321

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Stabilizer, visc. builder in yogurt fruit preps. Grindsted™ PGMS USV K-A [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled propylene glycol esters made from fully hydrogenated vegetable oil with added antioxidant Chem. Analysis: Monoester content 90% min.; free propylene glycol 1.2% max.; As 3 mg/kg max.; Pb 2 mg/kg max.; Hg 1 mg/kg max.; Cd 1 mg/kg max.; heavy metals 10 mg/kg max. Uses: Emulsifier for whipped toppings, cake shortenings, cake mixes Features: Short whipping time; improves overrun; creates nice, stiff foam; provides clean mouthfeel when whipped; promotes large cake volume; promotes uniform crumb structure and bigger volume in cakes Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21 CFR §172.856 Properties: Beads; dropping pt. ≈ 40 C; iodine value 5 max. Use Level: 0.5-6.0% depneding on product Storage: 18 mos. in unbroken packaging in cool, dry area; keep away from sunlight Grindsted™ PRO 45 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Emulsifier and propionate system Uses: Emulsifier, moisture retention aid for baked goods GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80 [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum USP, EP CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Emulsion stabilizer, foam stabilizer, syneresis control agent for salad dressings, cake mixes, sauces, relishes, fruit fillings, fruit beverages, cole slaw dressings, instant soups Features: Antisyneresis effect; absence of thixotropy; freeze-thaw stable; stable in high salt sol'ns. @ pH 3-9; temp.-resist.; synergistic with guar, locust bean gum Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA nonreportable Properties: Creamy-wh. fine powd.; 100% min. through 60 mesh, 95% min. through 80 mesh; almost neutral odor; sol. in cold water; sp.gr. 0.8; visc. 1400-1700 mPa·s; flash pt. (Seta CC) > 93 C; pH 5-8 (1%); 91-108% assay; 713% loss on drying Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: May cause skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritation; low acute oral toxicity; TSCA listed Precaution: Will burn under fire conditions; dust explosion hazard; avoid dusting conditions, extreme heat, open flame, sparks; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored cool and dry in closed containers GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200 [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum USP, EP CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, suspending agent for solids and oil droplets, emulsion stabilizer, foam stabilizer in foods (baking, cereals, meat, poultry, dairy/cheese, processed foods, beverages, confections) Features: Pseudoplastic behavior; antisyneresis effect; absence of thixotropy; stable in acidic and alkaline sol'ns.; temp.-resist.; synergistic with guar and locust bean gums; freeze-thaw and pH stable (3-9); instant visc. buildup, fair dispersibility Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; E 415 compliance; kosher; DOT nonregulated; SARA nonreportable Properties: Creamy-wh. very fine gran. powd.; 100% min. through 80 mesh, 92% min. through 200 mesh; almost neutral odor; sol. in cold water; sp.gr. 0.8; visc. 1200-1600 mPa·s; flash pt. (CC) > 93 C; pH 6-8 (1%); 91-108% assay; 6-12% loss on drying Use Level: 0.15-0.5% (salad dressing), 0.050.25% (cake mixes), 0.1-0.3% (sauces), 0.10.25% (relish), 0.03-0.15% (fruit fillings), 0.050.15% (fruit beverages), 0.3-0.5% (dry instant soups) Toxicology: May cause foreign body irritation to eyes; essential nonirritating to skin (may cause sl. transient irritation); dusts may cause upper respiratory tract irritation; pract. nontoxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Will burn under fire conditions; dust explosion hazard; avoid dusting conditions, extreme heat, open flame, sparks; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, cationic surfactants; spills may become slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx (under fire 322

Part I: Trade Name Reference conditions) HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored cool and dry in closed containers

sol. in cold water; visc. 1200-1600 cps; pH 6-8; 6-14% moisture Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry area

GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200 [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum (> 88%), water (< 12%) CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Emulsion stabilizer, foam stabilizer, syneresis control agent for salad dressings, cake mixes, sauces, relishes, fruit fillings, fruit beverages, cole slaw dressings, instant soups Features: Produces translucent prods.; freezethaw stable; stable in high salt sol'ns., @ pH 39; pseudoplastic behavior; synergistic with guar gum, locust bean gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; DOT nonregulated; SARA nonhazardous; Canada DSL, Australia AICS, Japan MITI listed Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 200 mesh; flour-like odor; sol. in cold water; sp.gr. 0.8 (25 C); visc. 1300-1700 cps; flash pt. (CC) > 93 C; pH 6-8 (1%); 6-12% moisture Toxicology: OSHA TWA 5 mg/m3 (resp. fraction); may cause foreign body irritation in eyes, sl. transient skin irritation; inh. of dusts may cause upper respiratory tract irritation; pract. nontoxic by ing. Precaution: Will burn; mod. dust explosion hazard; spills may be slippery when wet; avoid dusting conditions, extreme heat, sparks, open flame; incompat. with strong oxidizers, cationic surfactants NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in a dry area in closed containers

GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum USP, EP CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, suspending agent for solids and oil droplets, emulsion stabilizer, foam stabilizer in foods (baking, cereals, meat, poultry, dairy/cheese, processed foods, beverages, confections) Features: Pseudoplastic behavior; antisyneresis effect; absence of thixotropy; stable in acidic and alkaline sol'ns.; temp.-resist.; synergistic with guar, locust bean gums; freeze-thaw and pH stable (3-9); very fast visc. buildup, very good dispersibility Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Creamy-wh. gran. powd.; 90% min. through 20 mesh, 5% max. through 200 mesh; almost neutral odor; sol. in cold water; visc. 1200-1600 mPa·s; pH 6-8 (1%); 91-108% assay; 8-14% loss on drying Use Level: 0.15-0.5% (salad dressing), 0.050.25% (cake mixes), 0.1-0.3% (sauces), 0.10.25% (relish), 0.03-0.15% (fruit fillings), 0.050.15% (fruit beverages), 0.3-0.5% (dry instant soups) Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored cool and dry

GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Emulsion stabilizer, foam stabilizer, syneresis control agent for salad dressings, sauces, bakery emulsions, fruit preps., syrups, pickle relishes Features: Freeze-thaw stable; highly resist. to temp.; stable in high salt sol'ns., @ pH 3-9; synergistic with guar and locust bean gum; nondusting Properties: Creamy wh. powd.; 95% min. through 16 mesh, 5% max. through 200 mesh; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum, food grade CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Emulsion stabilizer, foam stabilizer, syneresis control agent in salad dressings, cake mixes, sauces, relishes, fruit fillings, fruit beverages, cole slaw dressings, instant soups Features: Freeze-thaw stable; stable in high salt sol'ns., @ pH 3-9; pseudoplastic behavior; easily dispersible with special grades Properties: Creamy-wh. color; sol. in cold water; visc. 1400 cps min; pH 6-8; 6-12% moisture Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in cool, dry conditions GRINDSTED®Xanthan SUPRA [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Emulsion stabilizer, suspending agent, 323

Part I: Trade Name Reference thickener for foods Features: Freeze-thaw and pH stable (3-9); synergistic with guar and locust bean gums; slow visc. buildup, exc. dispersibility Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Very coarse gran.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.15-0.5% (salad dressing), 0.050.25% (cake mixes), 0.1-0.3% (sauces), 0.10.25% (relish), 0.03-0.15% (fruit fillings), 0.050.15% (fruit beverages), 0.3-0.5% (dry instant soups) GRINDSTED®Xanthan ULTRA [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum, food grade CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Visc. builder for salad dressings, chocolate syrups, cake icings and fillings, and cake mixes Features: Designed for rapid hydration Properties: Visc. 1200-1600 cps; pH 6-8; 6-12% moisture Guardian™ NR 100 [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nisin and Rosemary extract See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract CAS 1414-45-5; 84604-14-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-807-5; 283-291-9 Uses: Antioxidant and antimicrobial in pasteurized soups and sauces, low-pH sauces and marinades, and RTE foods Features: Natural; growth delay of spoilage such as lactic bacteria; against gram-positive bacteria Guardian™ NR 250 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nisin and Rosemary extract See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract CAS 1414-45-5; 84604-14-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-807-5; 283-291-9 Uses: Antioxidant and antimicrobial in heatprocessed meat products such as cooked sausages, hot dogs, and cooked hams Features: Natural; growth delay of spoilage such as lactic bacteria; against gram-positive bacteria Guardian® [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rosemary extract See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract CAS 84604-14-8; EINECS/ELINCS 283-291-9 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Antioxidant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Guar Gum Food Grade 40N [Hindustan Gum & Chems. http://www.hindustangum.com] Uses: Thickener, viscosifier, texturizer Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 4000 cps (1%) Guar Gum Food Grade 55I [Hindustan Gum & Chems. http://www.hindustangum.com] Uses: Thickener, viscosifier, texturizer Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 5500 cps (1%) Guar Gum Food Grade 150FC [Hindustan Gum & Chems. http://www.hindustangum.com] Uses: Thickener, viscosifier, texturizer Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 5000 cps (1%) Guar Gum Food Grade 160FC [Hindustan Gum & Chems. http://www.hindustangum.com] Uses: Thickener, viscosifier, texturizer Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 5800 cps (1%) Guar Gum Food Grade 225F [Hindustan Gum & Chems. http://www.hindustangum.com] Uses: Thickener, viscosifier, texturizer Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 3000 cps (1%) Guar Gum Food Grade 260F [Hindustan Gum & Chems. http://www.hindustangum.com] Uses: Thickener, viscosifier, texturizer Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 5800 cps (1%) Guar Gum Food Grade 270F [Hindustan Gum & Chems. http://www.hindustangum.com] Uses: Thickener, viscosifier, texturizer Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 6800 cps (1%) Guar Gum Food Grade 4000FC [Hindustan Gum & Chems. http://www.hindustangum.com] Uses: Thickener, viscosifier, texturizer Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 4000 cps (1%) Guar Gum Food Grade 4500F [Hindustan Gum & Chems. http://www.hindustangum.com] Uses: Thickener, viscosifier, texturizer Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 4500 cps (1%) Guar Gum Food Grade DP80 [Hindustan Gum & Chems. http://www.hindustangum.com] Uses: Thickener, viscosifier, texturizer 324

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 120 cps (1%) Guar Gum Food Grade HV400F [Hindustan Gum & Chems. http://www.hindustangum.com] Uses: Thickener, viscosifier, texturizer Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 5200 cps (1%) Guava Treattarome 9740 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hexanol, ethyl butyrate, ethyl hexanoate, cis 3-hexenyl acetate, ethyl phenylacetate, phenylethyl acetate, and 3phenylpropyl acetate See Ethyl caproate; 3-Hexenyl acetate; Hexyl alcohol; Hydrocinnamyl acetate CAS 111-27-3; 105-54-4; 123-66-0; 1708-82-3; 101-97-3; 122-72-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203852-3; 203-306-4; 204-640-3; 216-965-8; 202993-8; 204-569-8 Uses: Flavor for food Properties: Guava flavor Use Level: 0.02-0.06 Guava Flakes Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: pink Guava Chem. Analysis: 4% max. moisture; 65% carbohydrates Uses: Guava flavor for dry fruit preparations, nectars, drinks, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, frozen desserts, and soft food diets Features: Produced by ripening, blanching, extracting, pulping, sieving and sterilizing the pulp, then drum drying it without any carriers or additivies Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified, GMO compliant Properties: Dk. red flakes.; dehydrated Guava odor;/flavor/color; 15-30% retained thru US 20 mesh; dens. 100-150 g/l Use Level: Flakes reconstituted 9:1 with water Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed, original containers Guava PowderTrobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: pink Guava Chem. Analysis: 4% max. moisture; 65% carbohydrates Uses: Guava flavor for dry fruit preparations, nectars, drinks, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, frozen desserts, and soft food diets Features: Produced by ripening, blanching, extracting, pulping, sieving and sterilizing the Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pulp, then drum drying it without any carriers or additivies Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified, GMO compliant Properties: Dk. red powd..; dehydrated Guava odor;/flavor/color; 15-30% retained thru US 60 mesh; dens. 480-560 g/l Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed, original containers Gum Arabic CSP Spray Dried [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum arabic NF from Acacia senegal See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Used in the food industry; in prep. of lowcalorie dry food and beverage mixes; flavoring agent Properties: Creamy wh. powd., 98% through 120 mesh; sol. 1 g/2 ml of water yielding lt. amber sol'n.; pH 4.0-4.5 Gum Arabic G-150 Powdered [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Protective colloid, stabilizer, thickener for confectionery, candies, jellies, glazes, chewing gum, flavor emulsions, citrus oil and beverage flavor emulsions; foam stabilizer in beer Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless; watersol. Gum Arabic NF/FCC Clean Amber Sorts [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Protective colloid, stabilizer, thickener for confectionery, candies, jellies, glazes, chewing gum, flavor emulsions, citrus oil and beverage flavor emulsions; foam stabilizer in beer; flavoring agent Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless; watersol. Gum Guar Type M Powdered [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, binder, suspending agent, stabilizer, dietary fiber source for soft cheese, ice cream, fruit drinks, dietetic beverages, cocoa beverages, baked goods, frozen pie fillings, icings, salad dressings, 325

Part I: Trade Name Reference relishes; binder/lubricant in sausages Properties: Water-sol. Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV) [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, binder, suspending agent, stabilizer, dietary fiber source for soft cheese, ice cream, fruit drinks, dietetic beverages, cocoa beverages, baked goods, frozen pie fillings, icings, salad dressings, relishes; binder/lubricant in sausages Properties: Water-sol. Gum Guar Type MM Powdered [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, binder, suspending agent, stabilizer, dietary fiber source for soft cheese prods., ice cream, fruit drinks, dietetic/cocoa beverages, baked goods, frozen pie fillings, icings, salad dressings, relishes; binder/lubricant in sausages Properties: Wh. to cream-wh. fine powd., nearly odorless; 97% through 140 mesh, ≥ 90% through 200 mesh; visc. ≥ 3500 cps (1%); pH 5.0-6.4 Gumixan K [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Hydrophilic colloid, thickener, suspending agent, emulsion stabilizer for foods (salad dressings, sauces, canned foods, frozen foods, beverages, syrups, bakery prods.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; FCC; E-415; kosher Properties: Cream to wh. powd., std. particle size; readily sol. in hot or cold water, common acidulants; sol. hot in glycerol, ethylene glycol Use Level: 0.2-1% (salad dressing, sauces), 0.05-0.1% (powd. beverages), 0.1-0.5% (syrups, bakery fillings) Gumixan KF [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Hydrophilic colloid, thickener, suspending agent, emulsion stabilizer for foods (salad dressings, sauces, canned Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods, frozen foods, beverages, syrups, bakery prods.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; FCC; E-415; kosher Properties: Cream to wh. fine powd.; readily sol. in hot or cold water, common acidulants; sol. hot in glycerol, ethylene glycol Use Level: 0.2-1% (salad dressing, sauces), 0.05-0.1% (powd. beverages), 0.1-0.5% (syrups, bakery fillings) Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, binder in foods (salad dressings, sauces, bakery toppings, flavor syrups, confectionery) Properties: Ylsh. wh. to tan powd., odorless, insipid taste; swells rapidly in hot or cold water; insol. in alcohol, other org. solvs. H-50 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener for instant puddings, instant pastry fillings, instant gravies, instant soups, refrigerated and frozen prods. Features: Pregelatinized; high visc.; provides smoothness, creaminess, fast mouth meltaway, bland flavor; exc. low temp. stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; starch odor; bland taste; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Halibut Liver Oil 60,000A/1,000D [Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com] Chem. Descrip.: Halibut liver oil Uses: Nutritive additive Features: 60,000 IU/g min. vitamin A, 1000 IU/g max. vitamin D Properties: Acid no. 2; iodine no. 112-150; sapon. no. 180 max. HallStar® GDS 386F [HallStar http://www.cphall.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl distearate Chem. Analysis: 210 ppm moisture CAS 1323-83-7; EINECS/ELINCS 215-359-0 Uses: Encapsulating agent for flavors; emulsifier for dairy and bakery products Features: Food-grade Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Wh. to off-wh. waxy flake, typ. mild fatty odor; insol. in water; sol. in IPA, min. oil; partly sol. in peanut oil; m.p. 56-59 C; HLB 2.4; acid no. 5.0 max.; sapon. no. 182-188; flash pt. (COC) 450 F; nonionic; 100% conc. Precaution: Wear safety goggles and gloves Storage: Store in sealed containers; avoid prolonged storage > 90 Hamine [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mixt. of food grade phosphates Uses: Food additive, buffer, color enhancer for cured meat and fish prods. subject to heat treatment, e.g., cooked hams, pork loins, poultry meats Features: Reduces cooking losses, improves sliceability and color Properties: Completely sol. in cold water Hamine-Mix [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mixt. of food grade phosphates and functional additives Uses: Food additive, buffer for cured meat and fish prods. subject to heat treatment, e.g., cooked hams, pork loins, poultry meats, beef rounds, bacon Use Level: 10-30 g/kg final prod. HCA-411 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed casein Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture CAS 65072-00-6; EINECS/ELINCS 265-363-1 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, film-former for nutritional applics. Features: Provides a rich source of short chain Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

peptides and amino acids Properties: Cream-colored fine spray-dried powd.; sl. bitter flavor; sol. in water (not a cl. sol'n.); pH 6.4-6.8; 86% protein Storage: Store in cool, dry place below 25 C Heart Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Hearty Beef Key, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor of beef and savory for food prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. lt. yel. to yel. liq.; roast beef, pot roast, beefy taste; sol. in oil and alcohol Use Level: 0.005-0.5 ppm as consumed in finsihed prods. Hedimuls-LO/01 [Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of alkoxylated alcohols and ester Uses: Sec. direct food additive permitted in food for human consumption; emulsifier; surfactant Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173, 178.3400 Properties: Pasty; sol. in water (80 C), ethanol, toluene; sl. sol. in min. oil (80 C); dens. ≈ 1.00 g/cm3 (50 C); visc. ≈ 100 mPa·s (50 C); HLB ≈ 10.5; > 98% act. Toxicology: LD50 > 39 g/kg Environmental: LC50 (daphnia, 48 h) > 10 mg/l; biodeg. (OECD 302 B) ≈ 37% Hedimuls-PW/01 [Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of alkoxylated alcohols and ester Uses: Food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172, 173.340, 175.105, 178.3400 Properties: Solid; sol. in ethanol, toluene; dens. ≈ 1.02 g/cm3 (50 C); visc. ≈ 185 mPa·s (50C); HLB ≈ 9.8; > 99.5% act. Toxicology: LD50 > 15 g/kg Environmental: LC50 (daphnia, 48 h) > 10 mg/l; biodeg. (OECD 302 B) ≈ 60% 327

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hedimuls-RS/01 [Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of alkoxylated alcohols and ester Uses: Sec. direct food additive permitted in food for human consumption Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173, 178.3400 Properties: Solid; sol. in ethanol, toluene, min. oil (80 C), water (80 C); dens. ≈ 1.00 g/cm3 (50 C); visc. ≈ 99 mPa·s (50 C); HLB ≈ 10.5; > 98% act. Toxicology: LD50 > 39 g/kg Environmental: LC50 (daphnia, 48 h) > 10 mg/l; biodeg. (OECD 302 B) ≈ 37% Hedimuls-TO/01 [Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of alkoxylated alcohol and ester Uses: Food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172, 173.340, 175.105, 178.3400 Properties: Solid; sol. in toluene; sol. in ethanol (80 C); insol. in water, min. oil; dens. ≈ 1.02 g/cm3 (50 C); visc. ≈ 185 mPa·s (50 C); HLB ≈ 9.8; > 99.5% act. Toxicology: LD50 > 15 g/kg Environmental: LC50 (daphnia, 48 h) > 10 mg/l; biodeg. (OECD 302 B) ≈ 60% Hedipin-DITA [Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Diisotridecyl adipate CAS 26401-35-4; EINECS/ELINCS 247-660-8 Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Properties: Liq.; sapon. no. 225

Hedipin-PEDS G [Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Pentaerythrityl distearate CAS 13081-97-5; EINECS/ELINCS 235-991-0 Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Properties: Pellets; sapon. no. 180; nonionic Hedipin-SHO/500 [Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-50 sorbitan hexaoleate CAS 57171-56-9 Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Properties: Liq.; HLB 10; nonionic Henneg-50 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Prepared scrambled egg mix contg. whole egg, skim milk, and vegetable oil Uses: Add water for scrambled eggs or as food ingred. Hentex-10 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Whole egg and corn syrup See Egg powder Uses: Frozen whole egg replacement in cookies, muffins, pies, yeast dough, breads, bagels, and layer cakes Hentex-12 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pasteurized whole egg solids, maltodextrin, corn starch, and salt See Corn (Zea mays) starch; Egg powder; Sodium chloride Uses: Whole egg replacement for muffins, cookies, and cakes Features: Cost effective alternative

Hedipin-IOO [Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Isooctyloleate See Isooctyl oleate Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Properties: Liq.; sapon. no. 145

Hentex-20 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Whole egg fortified with yolk and co-dried with corn syrup See Dried egg yolk; Egg powder Uses: Ingred. for cakes, soft cookies, doughnuts, or where extra richness is required

Hedipin-ITS [Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Isotridecylstearate See Isotridecyl stearate CAS 31565-37-4; EINECS/ELINCS 250-703-3 Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Properties: Liq.; sapon. no. 128

Hentex-20A [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Whole egg fortified with yolk and co-dried with corn syrup See Corn syrup; Dried egg yolk; Egg powder Uses: Modification of Hentex-20 for use where egg function is less critical.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Hentex-30 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Egg yolk, corn syrup, and dextrin blend See Dried egg yolk Uses: Ingred. for sweet doughs, pie bases, doughnuts, and ice cream Hentex-30A [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Egg yolk, corn syrup, and dextrin blend modified with yolk and corn syrup See Dried egg yolk Uses: Ingred. for sweet doughs, pie bases, doughnuts, and ice cream, and where extra richness is required Hentex-35 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Egg white, corn oil, and nonfat dry milk See Corn (Zea mays) oil; Egg powder Uses: Whole egg replacement, protein source for foods Features: Contains no cholesterol, source of high quality protein Hentex-70 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Whole egg co-dried with sucrose See Egg powder Uses: Ingred. for sponge cakes and other cakes where whipping performance is important Hentex-76 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Whole egg, soy flour, corn syrup, salt, and lecithin blend See Egg powder; Sodium chloride; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Ingred. for yeast doughs, cookies, and some cakes Hentex-85 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Egg yolk, whole egg, sucrose blend See Dried egg yolk; Egg powder Uses: Egg replacement for foods Features: Rec. for applics. requiring extra richness of yolk as well as the structure building props. of whole egg Hentex Type P-100 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Instantized albumen CAS 9006-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-936-2 Uses: Ingred. for nutritional drinks Features: Sugar free, nonwhipping Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Exc. shelf stability Hentex Type P-600 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Albumen with sodium lauryl sulfate as whipping aid Uses: Ingred. for high protein drink mixes and other applics. where instant props. are required Features: High foaming instant prod. Hentex Type P-1100 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Albumen with no additives CAS 9006-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-936-2 Uses: Ingred. for high protein drink mixes and other applics. where instant props. are required Features: Instantized egg white prod. Hercules® AR 160 [Hercules http://www.herc.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-16 rosinate See PEG-16 rosin acid Uses: Low foaming surfactant, detergent, emulsifier, wetting agent, suspending agent, dispersant for food related areas Regulatory: FDA compliance Properties: Gardner 14 soft wax; sol. in water, IPA, benzene, toluene, ester solvs.; visc. 250 cps (38 C); cloud pt. 68 C (2%); pH 8 (1%); surf. tens. 37.6 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); nonionic; 100% conc. Hercules® Ester Gum 8BG [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified glycerol ester of wood rosin, beverage grade See Glyceryl rosinate CAS 8050-31-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-482-5 Uses: Clouding agent, citrus oil stabilizer for beverages Features: Thermoplastic resin gum Properties: USDA Rosin N max. flakes; sol. in aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, terpenes, esters, ketones, and citrus and essential oils; dens. 1.08 kg/l; soften. pt. 90 C; acid no. 6.5. Hetsorb O-5 [Global-Seven http://www.globalseven.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 81 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier, surfactant, visc. reducer for foods Properties: Gardner 8 max. liq.; sol. in IPA; disp. in water; HLB 10.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 329

Part I: Trade Name Reference 96-104; hyd. no. 134-150; nonionic; 97% conc. Hexahop® 95 [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Chem. Descrip.: hexahydro-iso-α acids and tetrahydro-iso-α acids produced from CO2 hop extract Uses: Brewery additive that acts as an antimicrobial and improves foam stand and cling used for light-stable hopping in beer that will be packaged in green or clear glass Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.560(b)(6)(7) Properties: Amber colored aq. sol'n.; sol. in deionized water and alcohol; dens. 1.04 g/ml; visc. 49.65 mPas; pH 8.5-11.0; 10% w/w Storage: Store in unopened cartons @ 15-25 C Hexahop Gold® [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Chem. Descrip.: hexahydro-iso-α acids and tetrahydro-iso-α acids produced from CO2 hop extract Uses: Brewery additive providing bitterness to beer; foam enhancer, antimicrobial agent for beer Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.560(b)(6)(7) Properties: Yel. to amber colored aq. sol'n.; sol. in deionized water and alcohol; dens. 1.02 g/ml; visc. 49.65 mPas; pH 8.5-11.0; 10% w/w Storage: Store in unopened cartons @ 15-25 C Hexaphos® [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Med. chain sodium hexametaphosphate CAS 10124-56-8; EINECS/ELINCS 233-343-1 Uses: Sequestrant, emulsifier, suspending agent, protein stabilizer for dairy prods. esp. processed cheese, ice cream, and frozen desserts; protein dispersant in whey processing; water binder for cured pork Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC compliance Properties: Powd., gran., plate; 99.9% through 20 mesh (powd.), 100% through 8 mesh (gran.); infinitely sol. in water; m.w. 1388; bulk dens. 62 lb/ft3 (powd.), 79 lb/ft3 (gran.), 75 lb/ft3 (plate); pH 6.9 (1%); anionic Use Level: 2% (process cheese), 0.1-0.5% (whey), 0.1-0.2% (ice cream) Hi-maize 260 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Resistant starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Dietary fiber, texturizer for lowHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

moisture foods, breads, muffins, snacks, pretzels, cereals, pasta Features: Less water holding prop.; contributes to uniform cell size and improves structure; virtually fat-free; doesn't turn rancid Properties: Wh. to off wh. fine powd.; 10-15 µ avg. particle size; bland taste; pH 4.5-7.5 (20% slurry); 60% min. TDF; 14% max. moisture Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store away from highly aromatic materials Hi-Cap™ 100 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Film-former, encapsulant for flavors, clouds, vitamins, and spices in dry beverage mixes, coffees, teas, creamers, bakery dry mixes (cakes, cookies), breakfast drinks, bar mixes Features: Rec. at high oil loading; exc. resist. to oxidation; total replacement for gum Arabic and gelatin; forms very stable o/w emulsions at higher solids; reduced losses during spraydrying Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. fine powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 4 (1%); ≈ 6% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Hi-Cap™ 200 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch, corn syrup solids See Food starch, modified Uses: Encapsulating agent for flavors, clouds, vitamins, spices used in dry beverage mixes, bakery dry mixes, creamers Features: Exc. resist. to oxidation; forms stable high load o/w emulsions; total replacement for 330

Part I: Trade Name Reference gum Arabic and gelatin Properties: Wh. fine powd.; pH ≈ 4; ≈ 6% moisture Hiflo® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, clarifier, gloss aid for foods, frozen gravies, sauces, pot pies, and dinners Features: Good low temp. storage stability Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; bland taste; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 11% moisture Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store away from highly aromatic materials HiForm™ 12744 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 8% moisture CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Granular cold water swelling starch used in moderate cold manufacturing processes such as sauces, fruit fillings and toppings, dry soup mix and gravies Features: Instant viscosity without cooking; rapid hydration, excellent texture and long shelf life; good dispersion props. Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: 90% thru US 200 mesh; 600 g//l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity HiForm™ 72348 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 6% moisture CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Granular cold water swelling starch and water binder used in a wide variety of instant foods and in mild to medium cold mfg. processes such as in instant sauces, instant bakery fillings, dairy and yogurt desserts and frozen foods Features: Smooth and superior creamy texture; moderate heat and shear resistance; superior freeze-thaw stability; exc. cl. flavor and paste Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

clarity; stability at both low and high temps Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: 550 g//l; pH 6 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Hi-Jel™ S [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer for instant puddings, dips, sauces, acidic systems Features: Pregelatinized starch; provides med. visc.; imparts smooth, creamy texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., bland flavor; 0.5% on 60 mesh, 72% through 200 mesh; pH 6; 6% moisture Hi-maize® 240 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: granular resistant starch Uses: Dietary fiber for use in breads, bakery prods., nutrition bars, breakfast cereals, pasta and noodles, sheeted baked snacks, extruded snacks, and thickened beverages; texturizer and processing aid in lowmoisture food systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1, 184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity HiOmega® Flaxseed Oil [Polar Foods http://www.polarfoods.net] Chem. Descrip.: Flaxseed oil See Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil 331

Part I: Trade Name Reference Chem. Analysis: 0.11% moisture CAS 8001-26-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-278-6 Uses: Dietary fiber and bone improvement supplement in food Features: Improve digestive health in general and bone health in particular Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher; non-GMO Properties: Golden yel. oil; acid no. 0.50; peroxide no. 4.0; ≈ 92% assay Storage: 2 yr. shelf life in the original unopened containers; store in a cool and dry environment, protected from direct sunlight; once opened, the oil should be blanketed under nitrogen and used within 6 mos. HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder [Polar Foods http://www.polarfoods.net] Chem. Descrip.: Flaxseed oil, maltodextrin, and stearic acid as a coating See Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil Chem. Analysis: 0.11% moisture CAS 8001-26-1; 9050-36-6; 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-278-6; 232-940-4; 200313-4 Uses: Source of EFAs for nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, salad dressings and condiments, baking prods., cereals, beverages, juices, frozen foods, processed meats and cheeses, and nutritional bars Features: High levels of Omega 3; shelf stable; light tasting, and low odor; contains no allergens; 0 trans fat Regulatory: Kosher; non-GMO Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing granules; 100% thru 12 mesh screen; ≈ 92% assay Storage: 18 mos. shelf life when stored in orig. sealed pkg.; store in a cool and dry environment, protected from heat @ 50-90 F Hi-Set® 322 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, film-former for confectionery, jelly gum candies, gum drops, jelly bean centers Features: Low hot visc.; offers benefits of thinboiling and high amylose starches; can form firm gels; gelatinizes at sl. higher temp. than conventional starches; fast setting; longer shelf life; rec. for continuous processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

insol. in water; m.w. >10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Use Level: 12-14% dry solids basis (jelly gum candies) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Hi-Set® 377 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, film-former for confections, gum candies, fruit snacks, fruit bars Features: Low hot visc. Properties: Wh. powd; pH ≈ 5; ≈ 11% moisture Use Level: 12-14% Hi-Set® C [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch (high amylose corn starch) See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, texturizer for confectioneries such as jelly gum candies; coating, filmformer for French fries Features: High gel str.; quick setting; requires higher cooking temps. than regular corn starch Properties: Wh. powd.; pH ≈5; ≈ 11% moisture; ≈ 55% amylose Hi-Set® CHG [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch (high amylose corn starch) See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant for confections such as jelly gum mfg.; stabilizer for aerated confections such as nougats Features: Low hot visc.; superatmospheric cooking temps. of 300-335 F are required; faster production and increased yield due to quick-setting chars. Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; pH ≈ 5; ≈ 11% moisture; ≈ 55% amylose 332

Part I: Trade Name Reference HLA-198 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed whey protein conc. Chem. Analysis: 6% moisture; 5% fat Uses: Binder, emulsifier, film-former for nutritional applics. Features: Provides a rich source of short chain peptides and amino acids Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Cream-colored fine spray-dried powd.; bland flavor; sol. in water; 83% protein (dry basis) Storage: Store in cool, dry place below 25 C

sp.gr. 0.98-1.03; dens. 8.4 lb/gal.; visc. 2300 cps; vapor pressure <1 mm Hg; acid no. 20 max.; pour pt. 16 C; pH 4-7 (5%); 100% act. Toxicology: Inh. of vapors or finely misted materials may cause irritation to mucosa, dizziness, and nausea; irritant to eyes, GI, and skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid strong oxidants Hazardous Ingredients: Combustion: CO, CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in closed, factory sealed containers at temps. >32 C

HMP-26 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrolyzed Sodium caseinate Chem. Analysis: 6% moisture; 2% fat CAS 9004-36-3 Uses: Binder and emulsifier for foods, imitation cheese, bakery prods., frozen dairy desserts, fish and meat prods. Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine free-flowing powd.; clean/bland odor/flavor; pH 6.6-7.2; 92% protein Storage: Store in cool, dry place

Hodag® CO-350 [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethylsiloxane CAS 63148-62-9 Uses: Antifoam for nonaq. foaming systems, fermentation, foods Regulatory: FDA approved; SARA §311/312 possible chronic health effects, §313 nonreportable Properties: Colorless syrup-like cl. liq.; mild odor; sol. in amyl acetate, aromatic solvs., 2ethylhexanol, kerosene; insol. in water, paraffin oil, glycols, ethanol, methanol, glycerin; sp.gr. 0.97; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; visc. 330-370 cSt; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; b.p. > 200 C; pour pt. -50 C; flash pt. (COC) 221 C; 100% act.; 0.1% volatile Toxicology: Vapors/finely misted material may irritate mucous membranes and cause irritation, dizziness, nausea; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; keep away from excessive heat, ignition sources Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original containers @ 20-32 C; store and use in well-ventilated areas; store out of sun

Hodag® CB-6 KP [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fatty acid ester emulsion Uses: Antifoam for cane and beet sugar processing; crystallization promoter for sugar; emulsifier for nonsugar components assisting in their removal during cane and beet sugar processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854, 176.210 Properties: Amber liq.; bland odor; disp. in water;

Hodag® FD-62 K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydimethylsiloxane emulsion See Dimethylsiloxane CAS 63148-62-9 Uses: Antifoam for aq. systems for fermentation, foods (beverages, syrups, chewing gum bases, yeast mfg., wine, vinegar, jams, cooking oils, chocolate, etc.) Regulatory: Kosher, FDA 21CFR

HLA-209 [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed lactalbumin See Whey protein Chem. Analysis: 6% moisture; 4% fat CAS 9013-90-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-750-1 Uses: Protein supplement in nutritional applics. Features: Provides a rich source of short chain peptides and amino acids Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Cream-colored, fine, spray dried powder; sl. bitter flavor; pH 6.1-6.8; 93.6% protein (dry basis) Storage: Store in a cool place < 25 C

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Part I: Trade Name Reference §173.340(a)(2); SARA §311/312 possible chronic health effects, §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. creamy emulsion; mild odor; disp. in water with mild agitation; sp.gr. 0.981.02; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; visc. 2100 cSt; vapor pressure 20 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. > 100 C; pour pt. 10 C; flash pt. (COC) 221 C; 10% act.; 8090% volatiles by vol. Toxicology: Vapors/finely misted material may irritate mucous membranes and cause irritation, dizziness, nausea; may cause eye irritation; thermal burns possible on skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; keep away from excessive heat, ignition sources Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original containers @ 20-32 C; protect from freezing; store and use in well-ventilated areas; store out of sun Hodag® FD-82K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydimethylsiloxane emulsion See Dimethylsiloxane CAS 63148-62-9 Uses: Antifoam for aq. systems for fermentation, foods (beverages, syrups, chewing gum bases, yeast mfg., wine, vinegar, jams, cooking oils, chocolate, etc.) Features: Avail. as kosher grade, Hodag FD-82 K Regulatory: FDA approved, 30 ppm max. in final prod. Properties: Wh. creamy emulsion; mild odor; disp. in water with mild agitation; sp.gr. 0.991.02; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; visc. 2100 cSt; vapor pressure 15 mm Hg (20 C); i.b.p. 100 C; pour pt. 10 C; flash pt. (COC) > 20 F; 30% act.; 5070% volatiles (water) Toxicology: Vapors/finely misted material may irritate mucous membranes and cause irritation, dizziness, nausea; may cause eye irritation; ing. may irritate digestive tract; prolonged/repeated skin contact may irritate hair follicles and block sebaceous glands; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; keep away from excessive heat, ignition sources; spillages may be slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original containers @ 20-32 C; protect from freezing; store and use in well-ventilated areas; store out of sun Hodag® FLO-3K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Proprietary fatty acid ester blend Uses: Antifoam for corn processing aid in syrups, starches, and molasses; emulsifier in food processing Properties: Amber liq.; mild odor; disp. in water; sp.gr. 0.98; dens. 8.2 lb/gal.; visc. 800 cst; vapor pressure <1 mm Hg; b.p. >200 C; pour pt. -2 C; 100% act. Toxicology: Inh. of vapors or finely misted materials may cause irritation to mucosa, dizziness, and nausea; irritant to eyes, GI, and skin; TSCA listed Hazardous Ingredients: Combustion: CO, CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in closed, factory sealed containers at temps. >49 C Hodag® S-35 K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids with propylene glycol Uses: Emulsifier, dough strengthener, flavoring agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, solvent, vehicle, stabilizer, thickener, surfactant, surface-finishing agent, texturizer for foods incl. shortenings, whipped toppings, coffee whiteners, frozen desserts, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.3, 176.210, 184.1(b)(1), 184.1505, GRAS; FCC compliant; kosher; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable Properties: Yel. cl. liq.; bland odor; sol. in alcohols, veg. and min. oils; disp. in water; sp.gr. 0.97; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; visc. 140 cps; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; b.p. > 200 C; HLB 2.8; acid no. 5 max.; iodine no. 83; sapon. no. 135; pour pt. -17 C; clear pt. 24 C; flash pt. (COC) 110 C; nonionic; 100% conc.; 1% max. moisture Toxicology: May cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; keep away from excessive heat, 334

Part I: Trade Name Reference ignition sources; spillages may be slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in closed original containers below 32 C; store and use in well-ventilated areas Hombitan® FG [Sachtleben Chemie GmbH http://www.sachtleben.de/] Chem. Descrip.: Titanium dioxide CAS 13463-67-7; EINECS/ELINCS 236-675-5 Uses: Pigment for sugar coatings, chewing gum, boiled sweets and cigarette paper Features: Exc. opacity, optimum dispersibility in all media and best possible lightening power; ultra-high purity and safety Regulatory: FDA compliant, E 171 Homecraft™ Create 730 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Chem. Analysis: 12% moisture CAS 130498-22-5; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Uses: Functional flour used as a thickener and stabilizer in neutral and acidic food systems Features: Use where tolerance to heat and shear is required; imparts smooth texture and exc. mouthfeel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.105; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; typical odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.3; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Wear safety goggles and gloves; potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Homecraft™ Create 765 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour See Wheat Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Triticum vulgare) flour Chem. Analysis: 12% moisture CAS 130498-22-5; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Uses: Functional flour used as a thickener and stabilizer in neutral and acidic food systems such as cheese and meat sauces and soups Features: Use where exceptional freeze-thaw stability is required and texture and flavor balance is desired Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.105; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; typical odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.3; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Wear safety goggles and gloves; potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Homecraft™ Express 760 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized wheat flour See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Chem. Analysis: 10% moisture CAS 130498-22-5; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Uses: Functional flour used as a thickener and stabilizer in neutral and acidic food systems and those requiring cooking and baking; used in dry mix soups, gravies, sauces and microwavable applics. Features: Contributes a short, heavy bodied texture; good acid and heat tolerance; lends the texture, opacity and flavor balance; good synergy with a variety of thickeners Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.105; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; typical odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.3; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; low oral toxicity; low 335

Part I: Trade Name Reference toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Wear safety goggles and gloves; potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Honi-Bake® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Honey, high fructose corn syrup, wheat starch, corn syrup, soy flour, calcium stearate (anticaking agent), lecithin (processing aid) See Corn syrup, high fructose; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer, humectant for baked goods, variety breads, mixes, sauces, snacks Features: Convenient handling; high water absorp.; source of reducing sugars Properties: Golden yel. free-flowing powd.; 98% min. through 25 mesh; 30-50% through 60 mesh; mild honey flavor; bulk dens. 47 lb/ft3 (loose), 57 lb/ft3 (packed); 65% honey solids; 3.5% max. moisture; 1.7% max. protein Use Level: Replaces liq. honey at ≈ lb for lb Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F) Honi-Bake® 705 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Honey, wheat starch, soy flour, calcium stearate (anticaking agent), lecithin (processing aid) See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer, humectant for baked goods, mixes, sauces, snacks Features: Convenient handling; high water absorp.; source of reducing sugars Properties: Golden yel. free-flowing powd.; 98% min. through 25 mesh; 30-50% through 60 mesh; intense honey flavor; bulk dens. 46 lb/ft3 (loose), 60 lb/ft3 (packed); 65% honey solids; 3.5% max. moisture; 1.7% max. protein Use Level: Replaces liq. honey at ≈ lb for lb Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Honi-Flake [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Honey; high fructose corn syrup; wheat starch; corn syrup; soy flour; lecithin See Corn syrup, high fructose; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer, colorant in baked goods, health foods Features: High water absorption; imparts a nat., dark coloring; avoids waste factor involved with drums and sanitation problems inherent with liq. honey; storage space required is minimal Properties: Golden yel. flake; 30% min. through 20 mesh, 10% max. through 40 mesh; dens. 33 lb/ft3 (loose), 40 lb/ft3 (packed) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store at room temp. 65-75 F; recommend stacking prod. at no more than two pallets high Honi-Flake 705 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Honey; wheat starch; soy flour; lecithin See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer, humectant for baked goods Features: High water absorption; imparts a nat., dark coloring; avoids waste factor involved with drums and sanitation problems inherent with liq. honey; storage space required is minimal Properties: Golden yel. flake; 30% max. through 20 mesh; 10% max. through 40 mesh; dens. 30 lb/ft3 (loose), 41 lb/ft3 (packed) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store at room temp. 65-75 F; recommend stacking prod. at no more than two pallets high Hoosier 5 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Processing aid, flow aid, moisture control agent, external dusting agent in dry food mixes (soups, sauces) Features: Low moisture content Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); 7.5% max. moisture (as packed) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye 336

Part I: Trade Name Reference surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Hop Pellets Isomerized [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Uses: Brewery additive providing bitterness and hop aroma to beer Storage: Store in unopened cartons @ 0-8 C for max. potential Hop Pellets Stabilized [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Uses: Brewery additive providing bitterness and hop aroma to beer Storage: Store in unopened cartons @ 0-8 C for max. potential Hop Pellets Type 45 [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Chem. Analysis: 7-12% moisture Uses: Brewery additive providing bitterness and hop aroma to beer Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Cylindrical pellets; 6 mm diameter Storage: Store in unopened cartons @ 0-8 C for max. potential Hop Pellets Type 90 [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Chem. Analysis: 0.4-3.5% hop oils; 4-16% α acids; 7-12% moisture Uses: Brewery additive providing bitterness and hop aroma to beer Storage: Store in unopened cartons @ 0-8 C for max. potential HT® Monocalcium Phosphate [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium phosphate FCC See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate CAS 10031-30-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-837-1 Uses: Acidulant for foods and beverages, leavening acid, nutrient, dietary supplement, yeast food dough conditioner Regulatory: FCC compliance HT-Proteolytic® 200N [Deerland Enzymes Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.deerland-enzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bacterial protease CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins for baking (cracker/cookie gluten modification), brewing (malt supplementation), candy, fermentation, fish/soya processing, protein modification, animal feed supplements Features: Food-grade; effective over neutral and alkaline pH range Properties: Wh. to lt. tan amorphous dry powd., free of offensive odor; readily water-sol.; 2500 - 4500 NU/g Storage: Activity loss < 10% in 1 yr. stored in sealed containers under cool, dry conditions; 5 C storage extends life HT-Proteolytic® Conc. [Deerland Enzymes http://www.deerland-enzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bacterial protease See Protease CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Food-grade enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins over neutral and alkaline pH range; for baking (cracker/cookie gluten modification), brewing (malt supplementation), candy, fermentation, fish/soya processing, protein modification Properties: Wh. to lt. tan amorphous dry powd., free of offensive odor and taste; readily watersol.; 2500 - 4500 NU/g Storage: Activity loss ≤ 10% in 1 yr. stored in sealed containers under cool, dry conditions; 5 C storage extends life HuberCal 150 Elite [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate Chem. Analysis: Lead levels < 125 ppb CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for dietary supplements and food Regulatory: USP, EP, JP; kosher, SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; FDA §21 CFR 137.105, 137.350, 169.115, 173.25, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 178.3297, 181.29, 184.1409 Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; particle size, median 20 μ; screen residue, 325 mesh 35%; sol. in water (1.3 mg/l,); bulk dens., tamped 1.6 g/cc; decomp. temp. 700-900 C; pH 8.4-10.2 (5% aq. suspension); <1% moisture loss on drying; 100% act. 337

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: ACGIH 10 mg/m3 total dust; dust may cause mechanical irritation to eyes; dries skin and mucous membranes; inh. causes respiratory tract irritation; no evidence of mutagenic, reproductive or carcinogenic effects.; TSCA listed Environmental: nonbiodeg.; LC50 (fish) > 200 mg/l; not considered to be harmful to aquatic life Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and impervious gloves; avoid contact with strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 1 yr shelf life when stored in original protective pkg. away from moisture, and extremes in temperature (> 90 F) and humidity (> 80% relative humidity) HuberCal 150 FG [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for dietary supplements and food fortification Features: Food grade, high purity, low moisture Regulatory: FCC compliant; FDA 21 CFR §137.105, 137.350, 169.115, 173.25, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 178.3297, 181.29, 184.1409 Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; particle size, median 20 μ; sol. in water (1.3 mg/l,); dens.2.7 g/cc; decomp. temp. 700-900 C; pH 8.4-10.2 (5% aq. suspension) Toxicology: ACGIH 10 mg/m3 total dust; LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust may cause mechanical irritation to eyes; dries skin and mucous membranes; inh. causes respiratory tract irritation; noncarcinogenic Environmental: nonbiodeg.; LC50 (fish) > 200 mg/l; not considered to be harmful to aquatic life Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and impervious gloves; avoid contact with strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 1 yr shelf life when stored in original protective pkg. away from moisture, and extremes in temperature (> 90 F) and humidity (> 80% relative humidity)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

HuberCal 250 FG [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for dietary supplements and food fortification Features: Food grade, high purity, low moisture Regulatory: FCC compliant; kosher, SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; FDA 21 CFR §137.105, 137.350, 169.115, 173.25, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 178.3297, 181.29, 184.1409 Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; particle size, median 12 μ; sol. in water (1.3 mg/l,); dens.2.7 g/cc; decomp. temp. 700-900 C; pH 8.4-10.2 (5% aq. suspension); 100% Toxicology: ACGIH 10 mg/m3 total dust; LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust may cause mechanical irritation to eyes; dries skin and mucous membranes; inh. causes respiratory tract irritation; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Environmental: nonbiodeg.; LC50 (fish) > 200 mg/l; not considered to be harmful to aquatic life Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and impervious gloves; avoid contact with strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 1 yr shelf life when stored in original protective pkg. away from moisture, and extremes in temperature (> 90 F) and humidity (> 80% relative humidity) HuberCal 500 FG [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for dietary supplements and food fortification Features: Food grade, high purity, low moisture Regulatory: FCC compliant; kosher, SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; FDA 21 CFR §137.105, 137.350, 169.115, 173.25, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 178.3297, 181.29, 184.1409 Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; particle size, median 6 μ; sol. in water (1.3 mg/l,); dens.2.7 g/cc; decomp. temp. 700-900 C; pH 8.4-10.2 (5% aq. suspension); 100% Toxicology: ACGIH 10 mg/m3 total dust; LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust may cause 338

Part I: Trade Name Reference mechanical irritation to eyes; dries skin and mucous membranes; inh. causes respiratory tract irritation; noncarcinogenic Environmental: nonbiodeg.; LC50 (fish) > 200 mg/l; not considered to be harmful to aquatic life Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and impervious gloves; avoid contact with strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 1 yr shelf life when stored in original protective pkg. away from moisture, and extremes in temperature (> 90 F) and humidity (> 80% relative humidity) Hubersorb® 600 [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium silicate (99%) and sodium sulfate (1%) CAS 1344-95-2; 7757-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-710-8; 231-820-9 Uses: Conditioner, carrier, anticaking agent, flow aid for foods Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; 6 µm avg. particle size; insol. in water; m.p. ≈ 1700 C;surf. area 300 m2/g; oil absorp. 475 cc/100 g; pH 10.0 (20%); noncombustible Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; nonirritating to eyes; may dry skin and mucous membranes; does not cause sensitization; noncarcinogenic Environmental: does not present any risk to the environment; not biodegradable; inert Precaution: Wear safety goggles with side shields, protective clothing, impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a dry area Hubersorb® 5121 [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium silicate (>98%) and sodium sulfate (<2%) Chem. Analysis: Moisture 10% max. CAS 1344-95-2; 7757-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-710-8; 231-820-9 Uses: Flow aid and carrier for food applics. Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21CFR §172.410, 169.179, 133.146, 182.2227, 182.2906, 175.105, 176.170, 177.2355, 178.3297 Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; 25 µm avg. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

particle size; insol. in water; dens. 2.1 g/ccm.p. ≈ 1700 C; surf. area 50 m2/g; oil absorp. 90 cc/100 g; pH 8.4-10.2 (5% water suspension); noncombustible Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; nonirritating to eyes; may dry skin and mucous membranes; does not cause sensitization; noncarcinogenic Environmental: does not present any risk to the environment; not biodegradable; inert Precaution: Wear safety goggles with side shields, protective clothing, impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a dry area Hyderase [Amano Enzyme http://www.amanoenzyme.co.jp; Amano Enzyme USA] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose oxidase from Aspergillus See Glucose oxidase CAS 9001-05-2; 9001-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-577-1; 232-601-0 Uses: Enzyme for yeast-raised baked goods, removal of oxygen and glucose Features: Replaces potassium bromate; food enzyme in Europe and Japan markets, improving mixing/proofing tolerance, providing high vol. yield in wheat doughs; replacement for ascorbic acid Regulatory: Certified food additive in Japan Properties: Off-wh. to lt. brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water Toxicology: May be a skin irritant; inh. of aerosols or dust may induce sensitization and allergic reactions in sensitized individuals; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store container in a cool and dry place Hyderase HC [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger See Catalase; Glucose oxidase CAS 9001-37-0; 9001-05-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-601-0; 232-577-1 339

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Enzyme for food processing, baking, removal of oxygen and glucose Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; stable pH range 5.0-8.0; Glucose oxidase activity ≥ 1,500 units/g; catalase activity 60,000 -90,000 units/g Toxicology: May be a skin irritant; inh. of aerosols or dust may induce sensitization and allergic reactions in sensitized individuals; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Hyderase L [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger See Catalase; Glucose oxidase CAS 9001-37-0; 9001-05-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-601-0; 232-577-1 Uses: Enzyme for food processing, removal of oxygen and glucose Properties: Lt. to dk. brown liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water; Glucose oxidase activity ≥ 10,000 units/g; catalase activity ≥ 100,000 units/g Toxicology: May be a skin irritant; inh. of aerosols or dust may induce sensitization and allergic reactions in sensitized individuals; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Hydrobrite® 300PO [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620(a) Properties: Odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.8500.880; visc. 48-60 cSt (40 C); distill. pt. 260 C min. (10 mm, 2.5%); pour pt. 10 F Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hydrobrite® 1000 [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Highly refined white mineral oil USP See Mineral oil CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8 Uses: Protective coating on foods Features: Hydrophobic; chemically inert; exc. UV and color stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620(a) Properties: Colorless; odorless; tasteless; m.w. 690; sp.gr. 0.860-0.885; kinematic visc. 180240 cSt (40 C) Hydrokote® 102 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated vegetable oil with lecithin CAS 68334-28-1; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6; 232-307-2 Uses: Food ingred. Features: Cocoa butter replacement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1, GRAS Properties: Off-wh. waxy solid; insol. in water; vapor pressure <1 mm Hg; m.p. 38.3-39.4 C; b.p. >500 F; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 230250; flash pt. (COC) >390 F Toxicology: Contact with eyes and skin not expected to cause serious irritation Precaution: Wear chemical splash goggles and neoprene gloves for hot oil; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Retest and re-qualify 12 mos. from the date of manufacture; store in a dry, odor-free location @ R.T. Hydrokote® 112 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated vegetable oil CAS 68334-28-1; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6 Uses: Bodying agent, lubricant, moisturizer, visc. modifier in clinical nutrition, nutritional/sports supplements Features: Cocoa butter replacement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1 (GRAS) Properties: Lt. yel. oil when melted; sp.gr. ≈ 0.9; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; m.p. 45.6-47.8 C; b.p. > 500 F; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 225-245; flash pt. (COC) > 390 C Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Hyflo Super-Cel® [Celite http://www.worldminerals.com/celite.html] Chem. Descrip.: Diatomaceous earth 340

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 7631-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Filter aid for beer processing Properties: Wh. powd.; 7 µ median pore size; 5% 150 mesh residue; sp.gr. 2.3; dens. 10 lb/ft3 (dry); pH 10 Hylon® V [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Unmodified high amylose corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gellant, film-former, opacifier for foods, confectionery, jelly gum candies, batter coatings, extruded and fried snacks Features: Can form more rigid gels than conventional corn starch; forms stronger, tougher films; requires higher cooking temps. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. >10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 70% amylose; ≈ 11% moisture Use Level: 25-50% of total starch (jelly gum candies) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Hylon® VII [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Unmodified high amylose corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gellant, film-former, opacifier for foods, confectionery, jelly gum candies, batter coatings, extruded and fried snacks Features: Can form more rigid gels than conventional corn starch; forms stronger, tougher films; requires higher cooking temps. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. >10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 55% amylose; ≈ 11% moisture Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Use Level: 30-60% of total starch (jelly gum candies) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Hypothalamus Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Hystar® 3375 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate Chem. Analysis: Water 25% CAS 68425-17-2 Uses: Humectant, bodying agent, sweetener, moisture control agent for sugarless confections, controlled-moisture foods Features: Rec. where sweet taste and low hygroscopicity are required Regulatory: Kosher certification Properties: Water-wh. cl. liq.; sp.gr. 1.32; visc. 7000 cps (25 C), 1500 cps (40 C); pH neutral; 75% act. Hystar® 4075 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate CAS 68425-17-2 Uses: Humectant, bodying agent, moisture control agent for sugarless confections, controlled-moisture foods Features: Rec. where sweet taste and low hygroscopicity are required Regulatory: Kosher certification Properties: Water-wh. cl. liq.; sp.gr. 1.33; visc. 1000 cps (40 C); pH neutral; 75% act. Hystar® 5875 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated starch 341

Part I: Trade Name Reference hydrolysate CAS 68425-17-2 Uses: Humectant, bodying agent, moisture control agent for sugarless confections, controlled-moisture foods Features: Rec. where texture and taste are important Properties: Water-wh. cl. liq.; sp.gr. 1.35; visc. 1700 cps (25C), 500 cps (40 C); pH 5.0-7.5 (14% w/w in water); 75% act.

Hystrene® 5016 NF FG [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid, triple pressed CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Lubricant, release agent, binder, defoamer for foods; component for producing other food grade additives; flavoring agent Properties: Lovibond 1.0Y-0.1R solid; solid pt. 54.5-56.5 C; acid no. 206-210; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 206-211; 100% conc.

Hystar® 5885 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol (> 55%) Chem. Analysis: Water 14-16% Uses: Sweetener in baked goods, confectionery applics.; replacement for sucrose in sugar-free applics. Features: For applics. requiring higher solids content Properties: Cl., syrupy liq.; visc. 55,000 cps; pH neutral; 75% act.

Hystrene® 7018 FG [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Lubricant, release agent, binder, defoamer for foods; component for producing other food grade additives; flavoring agent Properties: Lovibond 1.0Y-0.1R solid; solid. pt. 58.0-62.5 C; acid no. 200-205; iodine no. 0.8 max.; sapon. no. 200-206; 100% conc.

Hystar® 6075 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate CAS 68425-17-2 Uses: Humectant, bodying agent, moisture control agent for sugarless confections, controlled-moisture foods Features: Rec. where very low hygroscopicity is required Regulatory: Kosher certification Properties: Water-wh. cl. liq., bland taste; sp.gr. 1.35; visc. 2000 cps (40 C); pH neutral; 75% act. Hystar® HM-75 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate Chem. Analysis: Water 24-26% CAS 68425-17-2 Uses: Humectant, bodying agent, sweetener, moisture control agent for sugarless confections, controlled-moisture foods Features: Rec. where taste and texture are important Regulatory: Kosher certification Properties: Water-wh. cl. liq.; sp.gr. 1.48; visc. 1600 cps (25 C), 500 cps (40 C); pH neutral; 75% act.

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hystrene® 9718 NF FG [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid NF (92%) CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Lubricant, release agent, binder, defoamer for foods; component for producing other food grade additives; flavoring agent Properties: Solid; solid. pt. 66.5-68.5 C; acid no. 196-201; iodine no. 0.8 max.; sapon no. 196201; 100% conc. IGI 1070A [IGI http://www.igiwax.com] Chem. Descrip.: Paraffin wax See Paraffin Chem. Analysis: 0.7% max oil CAS 8002-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Uses: Wax used in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.886, 178.3710 compliant Properties: Saybolt color 28 min.; visc. (kinematic) 3.6 cSt @ 212 F; m.p. 129 F IGI 1230A [IGI http://www.igiwax.com] Chem. Descrip.: Paraffin wax See Paraffin Chem. Analysis: 0.5% max oil CAS 8002-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Uses: Wax used in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.886, 178.3710 compliant Properties: Saybolt color 28 min.; visc. (kinematic) 3.3 cSt @ 212 F; m.p. 130 F IGI 1239A [IGI http://www.igiwax.com] Chem. Descrip.: Paraffin wax See Paraffin Chem. Analysis: 0.5% max oil 342

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 8002-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Uses: Wax used in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.886, 178.3710 compliant Properties: Saybolt color 28 min.; visc. (kinematic) 4.3 cSt @ 212 F; m.p. 138 F IGI 1240A [IGI http://www.igiwax.com] Chem. Descrip.: Paraffin wax See Paraffin Chem. Analysis: 0.5% max oil CAS 8002-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Uses: Wax used in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.886, 178.3710 compliant Properties: Saybolt color 28 min.; visc. (kinematic) 4.1 cSt @ 212 F; m.p. 136 F Ice # 2 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate and polysorbate 80 Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier, bodying agent for frozen desserts Features: Provides overrun and dryness Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.840 Properties: Ivory bead; HLB 5.2; m.p. 59-63 C; nonionic; 32-38% alpha monoglyceride Use Level: 0.04-0.25% (frozen desserts) Storage: Store in cool, dry place; reseal drums between use; 3 mo life for optimum freeflowing props. Idromag® ERB [Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium hydroxide Chem. Analysis: 99.0-100.5% of magnesium hydroxide CAS 1309-42-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-170-3 Uses: pH control agent, and processing aid in food processing Regulatory: EP Properties: Wh. fine amorphous powd.; pract. insol. in water; dissolves in dilute acids Storage: Keep in bags tightly closed and stored in original packaging Idromag® ERM [Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium hydroxide Chem. Analysis: 95.0-100.5% of magnesium hydroxide CAS 1309-42-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-170-3 Uses: pH control agent, and processing aid in food processing Regulatory: EP Properties: Wh. fine amorphous powd.; pract. insol. in water; dissolves in dilute acids Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Keep in bags tightly closed and stored in original packaging IDX-20 NB [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium iodate and other edible excipients CAS 7789-80-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-191-3 Uses: Dough conditioner, oxidation agent in foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Wh. dust-free tablets, odorless; disp. in water; 0.908 g calcium iodate/tablet Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store cool and dry IF-131 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer for instant soups, instant gravy dry mixes, instant sauces Features: Pregelatinized; high visc.; provides rapid dispersibility, smoothness; exc. low temp. stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. sl. coarse powd.; starch odor; bland taste; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Imperial 400 [Luzenac Am. http://www.luzenac.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Talc USP/FCC CAS 14807-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 238-877-9 Uses: Anticaking agent, coating agent, lubricant, release agent, surf. finishing agent, texturizer in foods, food processing; dusting agent, filler for chewing gum; release agent in tablet molds Features: Inert Regulatory: FDA approved for food-contact 343

Part I: Trade Name Reference applics.; DOT nonhazardous Properties: Wh. to grayish-wh. fine powd.; 4.5 µ median particle size; 99.9% through 325 mesh; sl. earthy odor; sol. in hot, conc. phosphoric acid; insol. in water, cold acids and alkalis; sp.gr. 2.7-2.8; dens. 38 lb/ft3 (tapped), 14 lb/ft3 (loose); oil absorp. 35; brightness 90; pH sl. alkaline; hardness (Mohs) 1.0-1.5; 0.4% max. moisture Toxicology: ACGIH TWA/TLV 2 mg/m3 (respirable dust); inh. of lg. amts. of dust may cause mucous membranes/respiratory tract irritation; chronic exposure may cause pulmonary fibrosis, shortness of breath, chronic cough, heart failure, pneumoconiosis; tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Very slippery when wet Hazardous Ingredients: May contain 0-3% of: dolomite, chlorite, calcite, magnesite Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers Imperial FD [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy flour, dextrose, calcium sulfate, sodium stearoyl lactylate, wheat flour, tricalcium phosphate, fungal enzymes, ascorbic acid See L-Ascorbic acid; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Glucose; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Dough conditioner, shelf life extender for yeast-raised frozen bakery prods. Features: Increased tolerance in freeze/thaw cycles Properties: Gran.; 99.5% through 20 mesh; 12.5% moisture Use Level: 2% on total flour wt. Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Improved Paniplus M [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy flour, calcium sulfate, salt, dicalcium phosphate, calcium peroxide, ammonium phosphate See Calcium phosphate dibasic; Sodium chloride; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Chem. Analysis: 10.8% moisture Uses: Dough conditioner, oxidizer, crumb whitener, calcium source for nutritional fortification, shelf life extender in breads Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Similar to Regular Paniplus with additional benefit of crumb whitening and additional amts. of calcium for nutritional fortification; produces fine grain and texture Properties: Gran.; 98% min.through 40 mesh; pH 9.4 (5% aq.); 0.71% calcium peroxide activity Use Level: 6-8 oz/10 lb flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Imwitor® 161 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan tristearate CAS 26658-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4 Uses: Fat blooming retarder in foods Regulatory: E492 Properties: Powd. Imwitor® 171 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Self-emulsifying monodiglyceride See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier, complexing agent for pasta, bakery goods, potato prods., margarine, and ice cream Regulatory: E471 Properties: Powd.; nonionic; 85% conc. Imwitor® 175 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Self-emulsifying mono/diglyceride derived from edible oils See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for baking, bread improvers, soups, sauces, dressings, sausages Regulatory: E471 Properties: Powd.; m.p. 60 C; acid no. 5 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 140-160; nonionic; 50% monoglycerides Imwitor® 191 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. 344

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Emulsifier for bread improvers, soft caramels, potato prods., margarine, ice cream, pasta Regulatory: E471 Properties: Ylsh. powd.; sol. in oils, molten fats, acetone, ether; m.p. 66-71 C; solid. pt. 63-68 C; HLB 4.4; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 155-170; nonionic; 90% monoglycerides Environmental: environmentally compat. Imwitor® 325 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides derived from edible oils See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, bread improvers; stabilizer in whipping masses and ice cream; fat base for prep. of dip coatings Properties: Powd.; m.p. 70 C; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 165-175; nonionic; 60% monoglycerides Imwitor® 361 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides esterified with citric acid See Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-05-6 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for boiled and cooked sausages, soups, sauces, dressings; soft fat, filling fat for food fillings Regulatory: E472c, E472b Properties: Owd. Imwitor® 370 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate citrate CAS 39175-72-9; EINECS/ELINCS 259-855-5 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for boiled and cooked sausages, soups, sauces, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dressings Features: Food-grade Regulatory: E472c, E472b Properties: Wh. to ivory powd., neutral odor and taste; m.p. 60 C; HLB 10-12; acid no. 15-25; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 230-260; anionic; 10-30% monoglycerides Environmental: environmentally compat. Imwitor® 372 P [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-05-6 Uses: Emulsifier and stabilizer in meat prods., sausages, and cheeses Features: Forms stable emulsions at pH 4-7 Regulatory: E 472 c, JCIC Properties: Flakes; oil-sol.; acid no. 25 max.; HLB ≈ 10-12 Imwitor® 372 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides esterified with citric acid See Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-05-6 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for boiled and cooked sausages, soups, sauces, dressings; hard fat for prod. of finished items Features: High melting; good temp. stability Regulatory: E472c, E472b Properties: Powd./flakes; m.p. 60 C; acid no. 25 max.; iodine no. 2; sapon. no. 240-260; 20% monoglycerides Imwitor® 373 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides esterified with citric acid See Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-05-6 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for boiled and 345

Part I: Trade Name Reference cooked sausages, soups, sauces, dressings; hard fat for prod. of solid and hollow items Regulatory: E471, E472c Properties: Powd./flakes; m.p. 60 C; acid no. 20 max.; iodine no. 2; sapon. no. 170-185; 35% monoglycerides Imwitor® 375 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl citrate/lactate/linoleate/oleate CAS 9174-23-9 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for release emulsions; o/w emulsifier for highly polar oils and fats, for foods; hard fat Features: Food-grade Regulatory: E472b, E472c compliance Properties: Yel. highly visc. liq., char. odor (similar to soya oil), neutral taste; sol. in acetone, MCT, fatty oils; water-disp.; HLB 11.0; acid no. 15 max.; iodine no. 90; sapon. no. 230-250; nonionic; 10-30% monoglcyerides Environmental: environmentally compat. Imwitor® 380 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides, esterified with citric acid and mono- and diglycerides, esterified with lactic acid See Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Lactic acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: O/w emulsifier, stabilizer for boiled and cooked sausages, soups, salads, dressings Regulatory: E472c, E472b Properties: Ylsh. liq.; oil-sol.; HLB ≈ 11 Imwitor® 440 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monoleate linoleate Uses: Emulsifier for bread improvers; stabilizer for whipping masses and ice cream; fat base for prep. of dip coatings Regulatory: USP, EP compliant Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Ylsh. liq.; HLB 3.7; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 120; sapon. no. 155-175; nonionic; > 40% monoglycerides Imwitor® 460 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides based on soya oil See Soybean oil glycerides Uses: Emulsifier for bread improvers; stabilizer in whipping masses and ice cream; fat base for prep. of dip coatings Regulatory: E471 compliant Properties: Pasty; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 110; sapon. no. 160-175; nonionic; 60% monoglycerides Imwitor® 491 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Emulsifier for bread improvers, soft caramels, baking goods, toffees, potato prods., ice cream, margarine, and pasta; coemulsifier; dispersant; consistency regulator; dietary food Regulatory: USP/NF Properties: Off-wh. powd.; m.p. 66-77; nonionic; 90% conc. Imwitor® 515 S [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides esterified with lactic acid See Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for baked goods, whipped toppings Regulatory: E472b Properties: Flakes Imwitor® 520 S [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides 346

Part I: Trade Name Reference esterified with lactic acid See Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for baked goods, whipped toppings Regulatory: E472b Properties: Flakes Imwitor® 550 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium stearyl lactylate See Sodium stearoyl lactylate CAS 25383-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 246-929-7 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant for baked goods, breads, cakes, cake mixes, pastry, toppings, and snacks; compressing aid in prod. of compressed sweets Regulatory: E481 compliant Properties: Powd.; nonionic; 100% conc. Imwitor® 600 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-3 polyricinoleate CAS 29894-35-7 Uses: W/o emulsifier for low-calorie spreads and salad dressings, cocoa-based sweets, chocolate masses Regulatory: E476 Properties: Liq.; HLB ≈ 4 Imwitor® 651 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl ester based on edible fats Uses: Emulsifier for baked goods, fat emulsions, chewing gum Regulatory: E475 Properties: Powd., pellets Imwitor® 652 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl ester ased on edible fats Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Emulsifier for baked goods, fat emulsions, chewing gum Regulatory: E475 Properties: Powd., pellets Imwitor® 742 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric glycerides CAS 85409-09-2; EINECS/ELINCS 287-075-5 Uses: Plasticizer for hard fats; compressing aid in prod. of compressed sweets Regulatory: DAB 1999, USP/ NF, JCIC Properties: Wh-ylsh. cryst. solid, sl. coconut odor, fatty bitter taste; sol. in ethanol, acetone, ether, heptane, hexane; misc. with oils and fats; m.p. 25 C; HLB 3-4; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 250-280; nonionic; 45% min. monoglycerides Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; moderate skin irritant (undiluted) Environmental: environmentally compat. Imwitor® 900 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 85666-92-8; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: W/o coemulsifier, dispersant, stabilizer for bread improvers, margarine, ice cream, sausages; compressing aid in prod. of compressed sweets Regulatory: E471 compliant Properties: Ylsh. powd.; sol. in fats, oils, waxes; m.p. 56-61 C; HLB 3.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 160-175; nonionic; 4050% monoglycerides Environmental: environmentally compat. Imwitor® 900 K [Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Food emulsifier Regulatory: USP, Ph.Eur., JCIC Properties: Wh. powd.; sl. fatty odor; sol. in all fats, oils, waxes, chloroform, ether, ethanol (@ 60 C); m.p. 56-60 C; acid no. 3 max.; HLB 3.8; sapon. no. 160-176; nonionic; 100% conc., 4248% monoglycerides Imwitor® 928 [Sasol Germany 347

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl cocoate CAS 61789-05-7; EINECS/ELINCS 263-027-9 Uses: Surfactant for nutritional fields; crystallization accelerator for chocolate, compd. coatings, other fat prods.; stabilizer; dispersant Regulatory: DAB 1999, USP/NF, JCIC Properties: Soft wh. substance; sol. in acetone, ether, water/ethanol; m.p. 33-37 C; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 200-220; nonionic Environmental: environmentally compat. Imwitor® 948 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides derived from unsat. edible oils Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent for dried milk powd.; compressing aid in prod. of compressed sweets Regulatory: E473 compliant; USP, Ph. Eur. Properties: Ylsh. liq.; > 40% monoglyceride content Imwitor® 960 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate SE CAS 11099-07-3 Uses: Emulsifier for bread improvers, potato prods., sausages; consistency regulator for coating and hydrophobing of powd. foodstuffs and additives, e.g., salt, spices, citric acid Regulatory: E471 compliant Properties: Ylsh. flakes; sol. in fats, oils, waxes; m.p. 56-61 C; HLB 12.0; acid no. 5 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 150-180; anionic; 35% monoglycerides Imwitor® 960K [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate SE Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

containing sodium stearate CAS 31566-31-1; 822-16-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6; 212-490-5 Uses: Emulsifier for bread improvers Features: Self-emulsifying Regulatory: B.P., JCIC Properties: Ylsh. flakes; m.p. 56-61 C; HLB 12; acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 150-175; anionic; 30% min. monoglycerides; 7% max. free glycerol Environmental: environmentally compat. Imwitor® 988 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl caprylate CAS 26402-26-6; EINECS/ELINCS 247-668-1 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant, plasticizer, lubricant, consistency regulator, carrier for nutritional fields; softener for chewing gum bases; emulsifier for bread improvers Regulatory: E472 compliant; USP/ NF, JCIC Properties: Almost colorless liq./semisolid; sol. in water/ethanol (25/75), acetone, ether, heptane; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 275-300; nonionic; 50% monoglycerides Environmental: environmentally compat. Imwitor® 1327 GR [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides esterified with diacetyl tartaric acid (with carrier) See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides CAS 91052-81-2 Uses: Emulsifier for bread improvers; hard fat Features: Well-balanced consistency and melting chars. Regulatory: E472e, E170, E341 compliance Properties: Powd. Imwitor® 1339 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides esterified with diacetyl tartaric acid (with carrier) See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides CAS 91052-81-2 348

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Emulsifier for bread improvers Features: Hard fat for prod. of finished items with good temp. stability Regulatory: E472e, E170 compliance Properties: Powd.; acid no. 65-85; iodine no. 2; sapon. no. 380-420 Imwitor® 2020 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoglyceride diacetylated tartaric acid ester See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides CAS 91052-81-2 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, baked goods, bread improvers; soft filling fat for prod. of confectionery and fillings with a cooling effect Properties: Pasty; acid no. 65-85; iodine no. 80; sapon. no. 420-455; 100% conc. Incromega DHA 500TG SR [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Omega 3 essential fatty acids derived from marine oils (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (10:50)) EINECS/ELINCS 309-181-3 Uses: Dietary supplement for clinical nutrition, maternal nutrition, infant eye, brain and nervous system development; functional foods Properties: Liq. Incromega DHA700E SR [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Docosahexaenoic acid CAS 25167-62-8; EINECS/ELINCS 309-181-3 Uses: Dietary supplement for clinical nutrition, maternal nutrition, infant eye, brain and nervous system development; functional foods Regulatory: EP Properties: Cl. pale liq. Incromega TG3322 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Omega 3 essential fatty acids derived from marine oils [eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (33:22)] EINECS/ELINCS 309-181-3 Uses: Dietary supplement in functional foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Eu.Ph. compliant Properties: Liq., sol. in min. oil; partly sol. in IPA; insol. in water, propylene glycol Industrene® 226 FG K [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Canola acid CAS 67701-08-0 Uses: Lubricant, release agent, binder, defoamer for foods; intermediate for food emulsifiers Properties: Liq.; Lovibond 25.0Y/2.5R; solid. pt. 26 C max.; acid no. 195-203; iodine no. 125135; sapon. no. 195-204; 100% conc. Industrene® 5016 NF [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid NF CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Lubricant, release agent, binder, defoamer for foods; intermediate for foodgrade emulsifiers; flavoring agent Properties: Acid no. 206-210; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 206-211 Industrene® 7018 FG [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: 70% Stearic acid CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Lubricant, release agent, binder, defoamer for foods; intermediate for foodgrade emulsifiers Properties: Lovibond 2.0Y/0.2R solid; solid. pt. 58-62 C; acid no. 200-207; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 200-208; 100% conc. Instant Thickener [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Esterified waxy maize starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener for foods, cold pie fillings Features: Disperses, gels easily in cold water Properties: Wh. to cream powd.; neutral odor, taste Toxicology: Contains substances, which may cause sensitization, allergic, or irritant response; may cause irritation of the resp. tract Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Wear eye, skin, and resp. protection; avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: 9 mos. shelf life when stored in cool and dry conditions 349

Part I: Trade Name Reference Instant Calcium [Nutragal Ltd http://www.nutragal.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soluble calcium salt Uses: Calcium source, mineral fortifier for food and health food such as beverage powders, instant baby food powders, soup powders, coffee whiteners, tabletop sweeteners, cocoa powders, instant puddings, sports powder drinks, dairy products, and animal food Features: Tasteless, odorless, and colorless when dissolved; granular like texture and freeflowing chars.; calcium content may enable suitable health claim labeling Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184, GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; instantly sol. in cold or hot water; bulk dens. 400-650 kg/m3; 9.410.6% Ca Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored under cool and dry conditions Instant Cal + Magnesium [Nutragal Ltd http://www.nutragal.com] Chem. Analysis: <> content (6.47.1%); <<magnesium>> (3.3-3.5%) Uses: Mineral fortifier for food and health food such as beverage powders, instant baby food powders, instant soup powders, coffee whiteners, tabletop sweeteners, cocoa powders, instant puddings, sports powder drinks, and dairy products Features: Tasteless, odorless, and colorless when dissolved Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; instantly sol. in cold or hot water; bulk dens. 400-650 kg/m3 Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored under cool and dry conditions Instant Cal + Vitamin D [Nutragal Ltd http://www.nutragal.com] Chem. Analysis: <> content (9.410.6%); <> content (40 I.U.); Origanox™ (stabilizer) Uses: Mineral fortifier for food and health food such as beverage powders, instant baby food powders, instant soup powders, coffee whiteners, tabletop sweeteners, cocoa powders, instant puddings, sports powder drinks, and dairy products Features: Tasteless, odorless, and colorless when dissolved Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184, GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; instantly sol. in cold or Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

hot water; bulk dens. 400-650 kg/m3 Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored under cool and dry conditions Instant Clearjel® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer for dry mix gravies and sauces, instant fruit pie fillings, applics. contg. acid or that require cooking/baking, refrigerated and frozen foods Features: Pregelatinized; good heat and acid tolerance; good cold temp. storage stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Instant N-Oil® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized tapioca dextrin Uses: Texturizer, fat enhancer, mouthfeel enhancer for low-fat and low-oil foods prods., frozen desserts, pourable and spoonable salad dressings, margarine spreads, imitation sour cream Features: Pregelatinized; can be processed under high temps., acidic conditions, high shear Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. sl. coarse powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5 (1%); ≈ 7% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 350

Part I: Trade Name Reference 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Instant N-Oil® II [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca maltodextrin Uses: Texturizer, fat enhancer, mouthfeel enhancer for low-fat and low-oil foods prods., frozen desserts, pourable and spoonable salad dressings, imitation sour cream, microwavable cheese sauces Features: Pregelatinized; exc. long term stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1444; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; very bland taste; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6.5 (1%); ≈ 7% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Instant Pure-Flo® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized modified food starch derived from waxy corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, bodying agent for instant dry mixes such as soups, gravies, and beverages, refrigerated and frozen foods Features: Gains viscosity rapidly; exc. low temp. stability; rec. where ease of dispersibility is important Regulatory: Not regulated for transport; FDA 21 CFR §172.892; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. sl. coarse powd.; starch odor; bland taste; sol. in water; m.w. > Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Mechanical eye irritant; low oral toxicity; TSCA listed Precaution: Sensitive to static electricity Instant Pure-Flo® F [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer for cream soups, Bavarian cream fillings, gravies, instant puddings, refrigerated and frozen foods Features: Pregelatinized; extremely smooth; provides sheen, fast mouth meltaway; exc. low temp. stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. finely ground powd.; starch odor; bland taste; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Instant Purity® SMR [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca maltodextrin Uses: Texturizer, nonfat milk solids replacement, mouthfeel enhancer in ice cream, frozen desserts Features: Does not mask desirable flavors or contribute off-notes; slows meltdown Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1444; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6.5 (1%); ≈ 7% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed 351

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Instant Tender-Jel® 419 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer for salad dressings, tomato prods., fruit mixes, pie fillings, instant soups, sauces, and gravies Features: Pregelatinized starch; provides stable visc. in acid and neutral food systems, clarity, sheen, short texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; 97% through 100 mesh, 80% through 200 mesh; pH 5; 3% moisture Storage: Store at ambient temps. and humidity; store under cool, dry conditions for sl. improved handling Instant Tender-Jel® 434 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, water binder for extra moist cakes, doughnuts, soft cookies, fruit pie fillings, mixes, instant cream-style soups, instant gravies Features: Pregelatinized starch; high moisture capacity for high visc. sol'ns. and high moisture gels Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; 5% max. on 100 mesh, 75% min. through 200 mesh; pH 4.5-6.0; 5.5% max. moisture Storage: Store at ambient temps. and humidity; store under cool, dry conditions for sl. improved handling Instant Tender-Jel® 479 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, water binder for high acid tomato-based sauces and fruit fillings, and for dry mixes Features: Precooked starch; produces med. visc. sol'ns. with exc. resist. to heat, refrigeration, acid, shear stresses; hydrates at slow rate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Powd.; 15% on 60 mesh, 65% on 100 mesh, 30% through 100 mesh; pH 5.0-6.5; 5.5% moisture Instant Tender-Jel® 480 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder for sauces, gravies, dips, toppings, fillings, dry mixes Features: Precooked starch; produces med. to high visc. sol'ns. @ 1-5% usage levels; reduced lumping tendencies; resists heat, moderate stress; exc. freeze/thaw stability; for systems above pH 4 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Powd.; 5% on 60 mesh, 65% on 100 mesh, 30% through 100 mesh; pH 5.0-6.5; 5.5% moisture Instant Tender-Jel® C [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, water binder for extra moist cakes, doughnuts, soft cookies, fruit pie fillings/mixes, instant cream-style soups, instant gravies Features: Pregelatinized starch; high moisture holding, forming high visc. sol'ns. and high moisture gels Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; 5% max. on 100 mesh, 80% min. through 200 mesh; pH 5-6; 2-5% moisture Storage: Store at ambient temps. and humidity; store under cool, dry conditions for sl. improved handling Instant Textaid®-A [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer for wide range of food applics., incl. instant soups, sauces, toppings Features: Pregelatinized; rec. for systems where heat and mech. stress are minimal; ease of dispersion; fast mouth meltaway Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. coarse powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 8 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture 352

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Instant Textra [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, mouthfeel enhancer, lubricant, texturizer, gloss aid, clarifier for beverages, sauces, syrups; suspending agent for fruit pulp in beverages; texturizer for reduced-solids foods, e.g., "lite" pancake or fruit syrups Features: Oil-like props.; resist. to acid, heat, and mod. shear Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland taste; sol. in cold water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 7% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Instant X-Pand'R® [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Binder for dough; texture improver in bakery and snack prods. Features: Provides expansion uniform cell structure to finished products Storage: Store at ambient temps. and humidity; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

store under cool, dry conditions for sl. improved handling Insta*Starch® 10/70 SH [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified tapioca starch, maltodextrin See Tapioca starch Uses: Thickener for soups, sauces and gravies, fruit fillings and toppings, puddings, cream fillings, and dry mixes Features: Dustless; performs well in liq. or dry systems, acidic prods. to pH 4; short, creamy texture; good freeze-thaw stability; exc. for dry mixes Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; bland odor/taste; bulk dens. 0.20-0.30 g/cc; visc. 350-750 cps; 8% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Insta*Starch® 100 PFX [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch, guar gum, vegetable oil See Food starch, modified; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, thickener for soups, sauces and gravies, fruit fillings and toppings, puddings, cream fillings and dry mixes Features: Disperses with min. agitation; dustless and free-flowing; good freeze-thaw stability; exc. for dry mixes; effective in acidic prods to pH 4 Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Off-wh. color; bland odor/taste; instantly disp. in hot or cold formulas; bulk dens. 0.24-0.30 g/cc; visc. 9-15 (Bostwick); 8% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, suspending agent, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for lowcalorie syrups, sauces, gravies, beverages, frozen desserts, cream fillings, toppings Features: Exc. stability at low usage levels; good freeze-thaw stability; dustless and free-flowing; clear appearance in syrups 353

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 1% max. on 20 mesh, 1% max. below 200 mesh; bland odor/taste; rapid disp. in cold or hot water; bulk dens. 0.22-0.34 g/cc; visc. 20-100 cps; 7.5% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, suspending agent, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for lowcalorie syrups, sauces, gravies, beverages, frozen desserts, cream fillings, and toppings; thickener for low-calorie foods Features: Exc. stability at low usage levels; dustless and free-flowing; clear appearance in syrups; good freeze-thaw stability, stability @ pH 4-10 Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Wh. powd.; 35% max. on 40 mesh, 90% min. on 200 mesh; bland odor/taste; rapid disp. in cold or hot water; bulk dens. 0.22-0.32 g/cc; visc. 100-250 cps; 9% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Insta*Thick® CMC 10(12) HS [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose gum, maltodextrin See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Uses: Visc. builder, dispersant for foods Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 10% max. on 30 mesh, 1% max. below 200 mesh; bland odor/taste; bulk dens. 0.22-0.30 g/cc; visc. 1000-2000 cps; 7% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in cool, dry place Insta*Thick® G2X-10 [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin, guar gum, xanthan gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Visc. builder, thickener, dispersant for salad dressings, dairy and fruit dips, soups, salsa, relishes, entrees, sauces, toppings, beverages, and dry mixes Features: Rapid dispersion and dissolution; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

lump-free thickening; can be used in liq. or dry systems; dustless and free-flowing Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 25% max. on 40 mesh, 88% min. on 200 mesh; bland odor/taste; bulk dens. 0.22-0.30 g/cc; visc. 800-1200 cps; 7.5% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Insta*Thick® Guar Gum [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, visc. builder, fiber source, dispersant for sauces, gravies, dairy and fruit dips, cream fillings, frozen dairy desserts, salad dressings, nutritional beverages, salsas, relishes, beverages Features: Rapid dispersion and dissolution; thickens rapidly in cold or hot water; lump-free thickening; dustless and free-flowing; nat. Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 35% max. on 40 mesh, 90% min. on 200 mesh; bland odor/taste; bulk dens. 0.22-0.30 g/cc; 11% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Stabilizer, low-calorie bulking agent, fiber source, flavor encapsulant, foam stabilizer, emulsion stabilizer, dispersant for liq. beverages, confections, high fiber mixes; flavoring agent Features: Low visc.; rapid dispersion and dissolution Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 35% max. on 40 mesh, 905 min.on 200 mesh; bland odor/taste; bulk dens. 0.22-0.32 g/cc; 10% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for frozen dairy 354

Part I: Trade Name Reference desserts, gravies, sauces, dairy and fruit dips, salad dressings, salsas, relishes, dry mixes Features: Lump-free thickening; rapid dispersion; dustless and free-flowing; thickens rapidly in cold water or hot water, but achieves max. visc. @ ≥ 170 F Insta*Thick® X-10 [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin, xanthan gum Uses: Visc. builder, thickener, stabilizer, freeze-thaw stabilizer, dispersant for soups, dairy and fruit dips, salad dressings, sauces, gravies, fillings, toppings, salsas, relishes, dry mixes Features: Lump-free thickening; stabilizes low pH systems; can be used in liq. or dry systems; rapid dispersion and dissolution Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 25% max. on 40 mesh, 88% min. on 200 mesh; bland odor/taste; bulk dens. 0.24-0.30 g/cc; 7.5% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in cool, dry place Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Visc. builder, stabilizer, emulsion stabilizer, texturizer for emulsions, sauces, gravies, toppings, syrups, confections, soups, frozen foods, salad dressings, bakery fillings and icings, beverages Features: High visc.; good pH stability; reacts with guar and locust bean gums to give gelled textures; works well in dry mixes; dustless and free-flowing Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 25% max. on 40 mesh, 80% min. on 200 mesh; bland odor/taste; rapidly sol. in cold and hot water; bulk dens. 0.22-0.28 g/cc; visc. 600-1200 cps; 13% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place IPSO-C403 [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc. from high quality defatted soy beans See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein source Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Powd.; 95% < 150 µ particle size; 70% min. protein. IPSO-FC [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein isolate See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein source, gellant, oil emulsifier for spray-dried processed foods, e.g., semidairy and nondairy fat concs., spraydried milk replacers, etc. Features: Low heat gelling Properties: Cream-colored nondusting powd.; highly sol.; 92% protein, 5% moisture IPSO-MR Dispersible [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein isolate See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein source, gellant, emulsifier for comminuted meats, injection brines for additional binding and sliceability in cooked hams, cooked sausage, pork loins, poultry prods., patties, meat and fish balls, cream soups Features: Strong gelling Properties: Cream-colored nondusting freeflowing powd., neutral taste and flavor; pH 7; 92.2% protein, 3.5% moisture Iron Bile Salts [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of ox bile with a source of ferric iron Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Brnsh.-yel. powd.; hygroscopic; pH 6.6 IS-07(P) [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin fatty acid ester and stabilizers Uses: Emulsifier for low-fat and high-fat ice cream, bar ice, cup ice, and soft-serve Features: Kosher grade available Isagel® PF 38 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cassia gum, Potassium chloride, Potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, AMF carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 11078-30-1; 7447-40-7; 584-08-7; 471-341; 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 234-299-6; 355

Part I: Trade Name Reference 231-211-8; 209-529-3; 207-439-9; 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant for foods Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Lt. tan powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 15% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 9.5-11.5 Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin; ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable PNOC), 3 mg/m3 (respirable PNOC) Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat Isagel® RGS 40 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: processed euchema seaweed and dextrose See Glucose CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Gellant for foods Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Japan ENCS; Korea; Philippines PICCS Properties: Ylsh. to wh. powd.; odorless; sol. in water 12% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 9-11 Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable PNOC), 3 mg/m3 (respirable PNOC); TSCA listed Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat Isagum® SB 35 N [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: guar gum, xanthan gum, cassia gum, locust bean gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-30-0; 11138-66-2; 11078-30-1; 900040-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8; 234-394-2; 234-299-6; 232-541-5 Uses: Gellant for foods Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL (except cassia gum); Australia AICS; Korea Properties: Lt. tan powd.; almost odorless; sol. in water 15% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 5.5-7.0 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable PNOC), 3 mg/m3 (respirable PNOC); TSCA listed Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat IsoClear® 42 High Fructose Corn Syrup [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High fructose corn syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Moisture 28.5-29.5%; sulfated ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 3 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods, beverages, pharmaceuticals Features: Replaces sucrose and invert syrup; clean, nonmasking taste; meets all stds. of National Soft Drink Assoc. for color, taste, odor, floc, sediment, and microbiological stds. Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR §184.1866 Properties: Water-wh. cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.3372 (100/60 F); dens. 11.15 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 220 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4643 (20 C); pH 4.0; 94% solids (fructose 42%, dextrose 52%); 71% total solids IsoClear® 55 High Fructose Corn Syrup [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High fructose corn syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Moisture 22.5-23.5%; sulfated ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 3 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods, beverages Features: Replaces sucrose and invert syrup; clean, nonmasking taste; easy handling; stable; meets all stds. of National Soft Drink Assoc. for color, taste, odor, floc, sediment, and microbiological stds. Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR §184.1866 Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.3746 (100/60 F); dens. 11.46 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 760 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4786 (20 C); pH 4.0; 96% solids (fructose 55%, dextrose 41%); 77% total solids Isohop® [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Aq. sol'n. of potassium salts of isoalpha acids standardized at 30% w/v, from hop conc. Uses: Brewery additive providing economic, controlled bitterness to beer Features: For post-fermentation injection Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.560(b)(2-5), Storage: Store @ 2-8 C under refrigeration 356

Part I: Trade Name Reference Isosweet 031 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 50% fructose in dry content; 75% DS Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy, fruit preparations Properties: Visc. 0.05 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 041 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 50% fructose in dry content; 77% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in carbonated beverages, dairy, fruit preps. Properties: Visc. 0.07 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 100 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: high fructose corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 42% high fructose; 71% solids CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in food formulations, beverages formulations Features: Can be used to replace up to 100% of the sucrose in most food and beverage formulations; from a multiple enzyme process Isosweet 111 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 42% fructose in dry content; 71% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in carbonated beverages, nectars and fruit drinks, ice tea and coffee drinks, yogurt, bakery fillings, dairy, confectionery, fermentation prods. Properties: Visc. 0.05 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 131 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 42% fructose in dry content CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages Isosweet 180 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: high fructose corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 42% high fructose; 80% solids Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in food and beverages Features: Can be used to replace up to 100% of the sucrose in most food and beverage formulations; from a multiple enzyme process Properties: Clean, nonmasking taste; water wh. color Isosweet 311 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 34% fructose in dry content; 71% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in carbonated beverages, sports and energy drinks, and dairy prods. Properties: Visc. 0.07 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 331 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 34% fructose in dry content; 75% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy Properties: Visc. 0.18 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 360 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 34% fructose in dry content; 80% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in bakery prods., beverages Properties: Visc. 0.60 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 411 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 28% fructose in dry content; 71% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, processed fruit, dairy desserts Isosweet 413 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 28% fructose in dry content CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, processed 357

Part I: Trade Name Reference fruit, dairy desserts Properties: Visc. 0.05 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 431 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 28% fructose in dry content; 75% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy desserts Properties: Visc. 0.08 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 433 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 28% fructose in dry content CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy desserts Isosweet 460 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 28% fructose in dry content; 80% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy prods., fruit prods. Properties: Visc. 0.75 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 470 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 28% fructose in dry content; 82% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in fruit prods. Properties: Visc. 1.6 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 490 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 28% fructose in dry content; 86% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in fruit prods., confectionery Properties: Visc. 6.0 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 511 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 24% fructose in dry content CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in fruit prods., beverages Isosweet 513 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 24% fructose in dry content; 71% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, canned fruit, canned vegetables, savory sauces Properties: Visc. 0.06 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 531 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 24% fructose in dry content; 75% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, fruit prods. Properties: Visc. 0.3 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 533 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 24% fructose in dry content; 75% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in savory sauces Properties: Visc. 0.17 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 560 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 24% fructose in dry content; 80% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in fruit prods. Properties: Visc. 1.2 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 631 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 24% fructose in dry content; ; 75% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, fruit prods., prepared foods Properties: Visc. 0.3 Pa s (40 C)

358

Part I: Trade Name Reference Isosweet 633 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 21% fructose in dry content CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in fruit prods. Isosweet 660 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 18% fructose in dry content; 80% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in fruit preparations, confectionery, prepared foods Properties: Visc. 1.4 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 671 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 18% fructose in dry content CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in fruit preparations, ice cream Isosweet 683 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 18% fructose in dry content CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in fruit preparations Isosweet 711 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose in dry content; 71% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages Properties: Visc. 0.1 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 731 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 9% fructose in dry content; 75% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, prepared foods, savory sauces Properties: Visc. 0.3 Pa s (40 C) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Isosweet 733 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 18% fructose in dry content; 75% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, prepared foods Properties: Visc. 0.2 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 760 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: glucose-fructose syrup Chem. Analysis: 18% fructose in dry content; 80% DS CAS 50-99-7; 57-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, fruit preparations, prepared foods Properties: Visc. 1.1 Pa s (40 C) Isosweet 5500 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: corn syrup with the principal sugars contained being Fructose and Dextrose See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 55% high fructose CAS 57-48-7; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200333-3; 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener in carbonated beverages, still beverages, processed foods Ixper® 60 C Calcium Peroxide FCC [Solvay Interox] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium peroxide (60%), calcium carbonate (12-26%), and calcium hydroxide (10-24%) CAS 1305-79-9; 1305-62-0; 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 215-139-4; 215-137-3; 207439-9 UN 1457 Uses: Enhances flavor, texture, shelf life in dough conditioners for baking Regulatory: Kosher; SARA §311/312 fire/immediate health hazard Properties: Very pale yel powd.; odorless; sl. water sol.; m.w. 72.08; sp.gr. 2.92; bulk dens. 800 kg/m3; m.p. 275 C; decomposition temp. > 275 C; pH 11.9 (10 g/l slurry); 13.3% avail. oxygen Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat, powd. 50%) > 2 g/kg, (dermal., rat, powd. 50%) > 2 g/kg, (inh., rat, powd. 35%) > 5 g/m3; irritating to mucous membrane and skin; corrosive to 359

Part I: Trade Name Reference eyes Environmental: LC50 (cyprinus carpio, 48 h, powd. 50%) 160 mg/l; EC50 (daphnia sp., 24 h, powd. 16%) 25.6 mg/l Precaution: Wear dust-proof goggles, protective gloves, overalls; oxidizer; store away from water, acids, bases, metals, metal salts, reducing agents, org. materials, flamm. substances Storage: Store below 40 C in dry location away from heat, direct sunlight in containers fitted with safety valve or vent Ixper® 75 C Calcium Peroxide FCC [Solvay Interox] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium peroxide (75%), calcium carbonate, and calcium hydroxide UN 1457 Uses: Enhances flavor, texture, shelf life in dough conditioners for baking Regulatory: SARA §311/312 fire/immediate health hazard Properties: Very pale yel powd.; odorless; sl. water sol.; m.w. 72.08; bulk dens. 0.55-0.65 g/ml; pH ≈ 12; 16.1-17.2% avail. oxygen Precaution: Oxidizer; store away from acids, bases, metals, metal salts, reducing agents, org. materials, flamm. substances Storage: Store below 40 C in dry location away from heat, direct sunlight in containers fitted with safety valve or vent J-0021 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol monolaurate See Polyglyceryl-10 laurate Uses: O/w emulsifier; alpha-ending emulsifier; alpha-crystalline stabilizer for sponge cake foaming gel Properties: Visc. paste; acid value 6 max.; iodine value 3 max.; sapon. value 60-72 J-0081H [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol monostearate See Polyglyceryl-10 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 Uses: O/w emulsifier; alpha-ending emulsifier; alpha-crystalline stabilizer for sponge cake foaming gel Properties: Hydrated paste; acid value 1 max.; sapon. value 21-26 J-0381 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol monoleate See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Polyglyceryl-10 oleate Uses: O/w emulsifier; alpha-ending emulsifier; alpha-crystalline stabilizer for sponge cake foaming gel Properties: Visc. paste; acid value 6 max.; iodine value 23-33; sapon. value 55-67 J-4081 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Tetraglycerol monostearate See Polyglyceryl-4 stearate Uses: O/w emulsifier; for aerated food with high fat content cakes and sponges, certain types of margarine and other emulsions Properties: Beads; acid value 10; iodine value 3 max.; sapon. value 136-160; HLB 5.6 J-4581 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Tetraglycerol monooleate See Polyglyceryl-4 oleate Uses: O/w emulsifier; for aerated food with high fat content cakes and sponges, certain types of margarine and other emulsions Properties: Visc. paste; acid value 12; iodine value 38-58; sapon. value 120-150; HLB 6.3 Jasmoneige® [Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl jasmonate CAS 39924-52-2; EINECS/ELINCS 254-705-5 Uses: Flavoring agent Features: Powerful floral-herbaceous, sweet odor-like jasmin absolute Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; floralherbaceous, sweet, jasmin-like odor; m.w. 224.3 Toxicology: TSCA listed Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade [Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polysaccharide Uses: Thickener and stabilizer for food prods. (salad dressings, bakery, beverages, instant prods., canned food, soups, gravies, sauces, frozen foods, confectionery, dairy prods., meat prods., dietetic prods.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; EEC, FAO, FCC, USP, JSFA approved Properties: Wh.- to cream-colored free-flowing powd., 100% < 250 µm (60 US mesh, normal), 100% < 180 µm (80 US mesh, fine); readily sol. in water; insol. in most org. solvs.; visc. 1300-1700 mPa·s; pH 7±1 (1%); anionic; 91360

Part I: Trade Name Reference 108% assay (dry basis); < 15% moisture Storage: Store in cool, dry place; preservative rec. if stored > 24 h JustFiber® 20E [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Pseudo-emulsifier in cake and muffin batter systems; anticaking agent for cheese Features: Provide better adhesion and improved absorption in cheese Properties: Wh.; odorless Use Level: 2% JustFiber® 20PS [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose with potassium sorbate Chem. Analysis: ≤ 0.3% ash CAS 9004-34-6; 590-00-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232674-9; 246-376-1 Uses: Anticaking agent formulated to improve the flow of shredded and grated cheese Properties: Wh.; odorless; ≤ 80% thru #100 mesh, ≤ 60% thru #200 mesh; pH 5.0 - 7.5 (10% suspension) Use Level: 2% JustFiber® 80 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Pseudo-emulsifier in cake and muffin batter systems; anticaking agent for cheese Features: Provide better adhesion and improved absorption in cheese Properties: Wh.; odorless Use Level: 2-3% JustFiber® BF200 FCC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: dietary fiber from bamboo Uses: Strengthener for baked products, including pretzels, wafers, baked and fried tortilla chips and ice cream cones; bulking agent in food; fat reducer by decreasing fat pick-up during frying; improves dimensional stability by reducing shrinkage in fragile foods Regulatory: FCC Properties: Avg. fiber length 40 μ; 90-100% thru #100 mesh, 75-90% thru #200 mesh; dens., bulk 2.1-2.5 cc/g; water retention 3.8 g/g JustFiber® BF200 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: dietary fiber from bamboo Uses: Strengthener for baked products, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

including pretzels, wafers, baked and fried tortilla chips and ice cream cones; bulking agent in food; fat reducer by decreasing fat pick-up during frying; improves dimensional stability by reducing shrinkage in fragile foods Properties: Flavorless and odorless; avg. fiber length 35 μ; 0% thru #40; 90-100% thru #100 mesh, 70-90% thru #200 mesh; dens., bulk 15 lb/ft3; water retention 3.5 g/g JustFiber® BFC 40 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: dietary fiber from bamboo Uses: Strengthener for baked products, including pretzels, wafers, baked and fried tortilla chips and ice cream cones; bulking agent in food; fat reducer by decreasing fat pick-up during frying; improves dimensional stability by reducing shrinkage in fragile foods Properties: Avg. fiber length 400 μ; 90-95% thru #100 mesh, 70-80% thru #200 mesh; dens., bulk 5.0-6.0 cc/g; water retention 7.0 g/g JustFiber® BVF 65 FCC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: dietary fiber from cotton seed Uses: Strengthener for baked products, including pretzels, wafers, baked and fried tortilla chips and ice cream cones; bulking agent in food; fat reducer by decreasing fat pick-up during frying; improves dimensional stability by reducing shrinkage in fragile foods Regulatory: FCC Properties: Avg. fiber length 55 μ; 0% thru #40 mesh, 85% thru #100 mesh, 60% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens. 180-220 cc/50 g; water retention 5.0 g/g JustFiber® BVF 200 FCC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: dietary fiber from cotton seed Chem. Analysis: 99% total dietary fiber Uses: Strengthener for beverages, baked products, including pretzels, wafers, baked and fried tortilla chips and ice cream cones; bulking agent in food; fat reducer by decreasing fat pick-up during frying; improves dimensional stability by reducing shrinkage in fragile foods Regulatory: FCC Properties: Flavorless and odorless; avg. fiber length 40 μ; 0% thru #40 mesh, 90% thru #100 361

Part I: Trade Name Reference mesh, 80% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens. 130160 cc/50 g; water retention 3.8 g/g JustFiber® C10CL [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: dietary fiber from bamboo Uses: Strengthener for baked products, including pretzels, wafers, baked and fried tortilla chips and ice cream cones; bulking agent in food; fat reducer by decreasing fat pick-up during frying; improves dimensional stability by reducing shrinkage in fragile foods Properties: Avg. fiber length 900 μ; 30% thru #40 mesh, 40% thru #100 mesh, 10% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens., 280-320 cc/50 g; water retention 10.0 g/g JustFiber® C100FCC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: dietary fiber from bamboo Uses: Strengthener for baked products, including pretzels, wafers, baked and fried tortilla chips and ice cream cones; bulking agent in food; fat reducer by decreasing fat pick-up during frying; improves dimensional stability by reducing shrinkage in fragile foods Regulatory: FCC Properties: Avg. fiber length 75μ; 5% thru #40 mesh, 70% thru #100 mesh, 20% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens., 240-260 cc/50 g; water retention 7.0 g/g JustFiber® L20 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Pseudo-emulsifier in cake and muffin batter systems; anticaking agent for cheese Features: Provide better adhesion and improved absorption in cheese Properties: Wh.; odorless Use Level: 1-2% JustFiber® WWF10 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: dietary wheat fiber Uses: Water and oil binder in food systems; dimensional stabilizer and volume enhancer in baked goods; texturizer in foods including sauces and dips Properties: Avg. fiber length 400 μ; 30% thru #40 mesh, 40% thru #100 mesh, 10% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens., 300-380 cc/50 g; water retention 10.0 g/g JustFiber® WWF40 [Int'l. Fiber Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: dietary wheat fiber Uses: Water and oil binder in food systems; dimensional stabilizer and volume enhancer in baked goods; texturizer in foods including sauces and dips Properties: Avg. fiber length 60 μ; 60-90% through #100 mesh, 25-55% through #200 mesh; dens., bulk 8.0 lb/ft3; water retention 6.5 g/g JustFiber® WWF200 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: dietary wheat fiber Chem. Analysis: 99% total dietary fiber Uses: Water and oil binder in food systems and beverages; dimensional stabilizer and volume enhancer in baked goods; texturizer in foods including sauces and dips Features: Rapid suspension because of ultrafine particle size Properties: Flavorless and odorless; avg. fiber length 35 μ; 0% thru #40 mesh, 95% thru #100 mesh, 80% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens., 120130 cc/50 g; water retention 3.5 g/g JustFiber® WWF300 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: dietary wheat fiber Uses: Water and oil binder in food systems; dimensional stabilizer and volume enhancer in baked goods; texturizer in foods including sauces and dips Properties: Avg. fiber length 22 μ; 0% thru #40 mesh, 98% thru #100 mesh, 90% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens., 130-150 cc/50 g; water retention 4.0 g/g K4484 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca dextrin Uses: Gellant, film-former for glazes, pan coating, confectionery, candies; adhesive, binder in food prods.; glazing agent, filmformer for pastry glazes, on fruits, nuts, candies; gum Arabic replacement in hard gum candies; carrier for spray-dried prods. Features: High sol.; good clarity; low hot visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to yel. powd.; dextrin odor; bland flavor; disp. in cold water, optimal sol. @ 60-71 C; m.w. >10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 2.5 (1%); ≈ 7% moisture 362

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Kalipol™ 32 [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monosodium phosphate, 32% act. sol'n. See Sodium phosphate CAS 7558-80-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-449-2 Uses: Buffer for water treatment in foods, animal feeds Features: Avail. in food grade Properties: Cl. solid, sp.gr. 1.2; visc. 5 mPa · s; pH 4-5 (1% act. sol'n.); 31-33% act. Karaya Gum FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Karaya gum See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum CAS 9000-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-539-4 Uses: Stabilizer, water binder, emulsifier for water ices, sherbets, cheese spreads, meringue powds., meat processing Properties: Water-sol. Kasal® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium aluminum phosphate, basic FCC See Sodium aluminum phosphate basic Uses: Food additive for baking, cereals, dairy, and processed cheese Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; 0% on 200 mesh, 2% on 325 mesh; sl. sol.; bulk dens 42 lb/ft3; pH 9.3 (25% susp.) Kasal® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic CAS 7785-88-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-090-4 Uses: Emulsifier for processed cheeses Regulatory: FCC; FDA 21CFR §182.1781 Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; dens. 0.38 g/ml ; pH 9.2 (1%); 100% act. Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust) ; LD50 (rate, oral) > 5000 mg/kg, (dermal, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; may cause eye irritation; not irritating to skin; low acute inh. toxicity; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid strong acids, alkaloids, pyrogallol, lead acetate, resorcinol, antipyrine, chloral hydrate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: POx and SOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in tightly closed containers in an area that is sanitary, dry, cool, isolated from all toxic and harmful substances Katch® Fish Phosphate [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate See Pentasodium triphosphate Uses: Additive for fish processing; sequestrant for multivalent metal ions to inhibit oxidative rancidity; moisture regulator during thawing and cooking; emulsifier for fat and protein; solubilizer Features: Food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.6760, 182.6810, GRAS; FCC compliance Properties: Wh. gran.; 15% max. on 20 mesh, 30% max. through 100 mesh Use Level: < 0.5% Toxicology: May cause irritation to respiratory tract; avoid breathing dust Storage: Keep container closed Kaydol® [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: White mineral oil USP (100%) with trace amounts of Vitamin E (5-10 ppm) See D-α-Tocopherol CAS 8020-83-5; 59-02-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232384-2; 200-412-2 Uses: Release agent, binder, lubricant, defoamer, protective coating, antidusting agent, sealant, polishing agent in foods; float on fermentation fluids to prevent/retard evaporation and contamination Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, §178.3620(a;) DOT, IMDG, ICAo nonregulated; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; NJ Right-to-Know; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan ENCS; Korea ECL Properties: Water-wh. liq.; odorless; tasteless; insol. in water; sol. in organic solvents; sp.gr. 0.869-0.885; visc. 64-70 cSt (40 C); vapor pressure < 0.01 mm Hg; pour pt. -23 C; b.p. > 230 C; flash pt. > 188 C; partitioning coefficient 363

Part I: Trade Name Reference log POW > 6; 0% volatiles Toxicology: LD50 (ing., rat) > 5000 mg/kg; mineral oil mist: ACGIH TWA 5.0 mg/m3, STEL 10.mg/m3; chronic inh. may cause pulmonary edema or aspiration pneumonia; oil deposits in the lung from inh. may lead to fibrosis and reduced pulmonary function; prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause irritation or oil acne; TSCA listed Environmental: inherently biodeg. under aerobic conditions Precaution: Use oil resistant gloves, face shield, protective clothing; prevent from entering sewers and drains; residual vapors may ignite; ground all containers and equipment; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, soot NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep drums tightly closed; store in dry place out of strong sunlight and away from heat, flame KC Yeast Food - No Bromate [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate; salt; starch; ammonium sulfate; ascorbic acid; azodicarbonamide See L-Ascorbic acid; Sodium chloride Uses: Yeast food; fermentation accelerator; dough improver Features: Increases loaf volume due to faster yeast growth and improved gas retention; provides nitrogen and mineral nutrients for rapid yeast growth; contains no potassium bromate Properties: Powd.; 100% through 20 mesh Use Level: 6-12 oz per 100 lbs of flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos. KC Yeast Food - No Oxidants [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate; salt; starch; ammonium sulfate See Sodium chloride Uses: Yeast food; fermentation accelerator; dough improver Features: Provides nitrogen and mineral nutrients for rapid yeast growth and calcium salts for water conditioning; increases loaf volume due to faster yeast growth and improved gas retention Properties: Powd.; 100% through 20 mesh Use Level: 6-12 oz per 100 lbs of flour Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos. KELACID® NF [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Alginic acid CAS 9005-32-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-680-1 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1011, GRAS; FCC/NF compliance; EU E400 compliance; Kosher approved Properties: Wh. fibrous particles, odorless and tasteless; 93% min. through 80 mesh, 88% min. through 100 mesh; sol. in alkaline sol'n.; swells in water; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; pH 2.63.2 (3% aq. slurry); surf. tens. 53 dynes/cm; 7% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in fire; spills are slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in cool, dry place @ 46-59 F Kelcogel® [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified gellan gum FCC CAS 71010-52-1; EINECS/ELINCS 275-117-5 Uses: Gellant, texturizer, stabilizer, suspending agent, film-former in foods, aspics, confections, dessert gels, icings, bakery fillings, dairy prods., frostings, glazes, jams/jellies, structured foods, lowfat foods, beverages, pet foods Features: High m.w. polysaccharide Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.665; EU E418, JECFA, Japan, Canada approvals Properties: Cream to wh. dry free-flowing powd., sl. odor; 100% through 28 mesh; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; pH 4.5-7.5; anionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in cool, dry place Kelcogel® BF [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gellan gum CAS 71010-52-1; EINECS/ELINCS 275-117-5 364

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Gellant for bakery fillings (< 50% solids) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.665; EU E418, JECFA, Japan, Canada approvals Properties: Cream to wh. dry free-flowing powd., sl. odor; 100% through 28 mesh; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; pH 7.0-9.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in cool, dry place Kelcogel® BF10 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gellan gum CAS 71010-52-1; EINECS/ELINCS 275-117-5 Uses: Gellant for bakery fillings (> 50% solids) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.665; EU E418, JECFA, Japan, Canada approvals Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 42 mesh; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; pH 6.5-8.5 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in cool, dry place Kelcogel® F [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gellan gum CAS 71010-52-1; EINECS/ELINCS 275-117-5 Uses: Gellant, film-former, stabilizer, suspending agent, texturizer for foods, aspics, farinaceous foods, structured foods, beverages, dairy, sauces, batters, breadings, lowfat spreads, adhesion systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.665; EU E418, JECFA, Japan, Canada approvals Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 100 mesh; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; pH 4.57.5 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in cool, dry place Kelcogel® IF [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gellan gum CAS 71010-52-1; EINECS/ELINCS 275-117-5 Uses: Gellant, binder for icings, frostings, and glazes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.665; EU E418, JECFA, Japan, Canada approvals Properties: Cream to wh. dry free-flowing powd., sl. odor; 100% through 28 mesh; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; pH 4.5-7.5 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in cool, dry place Kelcogel® JJ [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gellan gum CAS 71010-52-1; EINECS/ELINCS 275-117-5 Uses: Gellant for reduced-calorie jams and jellies, fruit spreads Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.665; EU E418, JECFA, Japan, Canada approvals Properties: Cream to wh. dry free-flowing powd., sl. odor; 100% through 28 mesh; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; pH 7-9 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in cool, dry place Kelcogel® LT [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gellan gum, low acyl CAS 71010-52-1; EINECS/ELINCS 275-117-5 Uses: Gellant, thickener, stabilizer, binder, film-former for foods, dessert gels, dairy, dressings, sauces, reduced-fat spreads, 365

Part I: Trade Name Reference spice adhesion on snacks, batters and dressings Properties: Particle size (Tyler) 42 mesh Kelcogel® LT100 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gellan gum, high acyl CAS 71010-52-1; EINECS/ELINCS 275-117-5 Uses: Gellant, film-former, texturizer for foods, dairy, dips, dressings, cheese, puddings; film-former for improved crispness, w/o barrier and holding time for fried foods, dessert gels, confectionery, marshmallow creams, non-fruit fillings, beverages Features: Provides elastic, cohesive gel texture Properties: Particle size (Tyler) 40 mesh Kelcoloid® HVF [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, stabilizer for foods, fruit and chocolate syrups, sauces, icings, frozen foods, salad dressings, relish, batters, barbecue sauces, food emulsions; flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.858, EU E405 compliance Properties: Cream fibrous particles, sl. odor; 175 µ particle size; 80 mesh; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.46; dens. 33.71 lb/ft3; visc. 400 cps (1%), 7000 cps (2%); ref. index 1.3343; pH 3.7; surf. tens. 58 dynes/cm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Kelcoloid® LVF [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, stabilizer for foods, fruit and chocolate syrups, sauces, icings, frozen foods, salad dressings, relish, batters, barbecue sauces, food emulsions; flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.858, EU E405 compliance Properties: Cream fibrous particles; 175 µ particle size; 80 mesh; sp.gr. 1.46; dens. 33.71 lb/ft3; visc. 120 cps (1%), 1200 cps (2%); ref. index 1.3343; pH 3.7; surf. tens. 58 dynes/cm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Kelcoloid® O [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, stabilizer for foods; foam stabilizer for beer; flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.858, EU E405 compliance Properties: Cream fibrous particles; 175 µ particle size; sp.gr. 1.46; dens. 33.71 lb/ft3; visc. 25 cps (1%), 130 cps (2%); ref. index 1.3343; pH 4.0; surf. tens. 58 dynes/cm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Kelcoloid® S [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, stabilizer for foods, fruit and chocolate syrups, sauces, icings, frozen foods, salad dressings, relish, batters, barbecue sauces, food emulsions; foam stabilizer for beer; flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.858, EU E405 compliance Properties: Cream fibrous particles; 175 µ particle size; sp.gr. 1.46; dens. 33.71 lb/ft3; visc. 20 cps (1%), 120 cps (2%); ref. index 1.3343; pH 4.1; surf. tens. 58 dynes/cm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Kelcosol® [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, emulsifier, thickener, stabilizer for foods (puddings, pie fillings, bakery fillings, chiffons, sauces, dessert gels) Features: High visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Cream fibrous particles, sl. odor; 80 mesh; water-sol.; sp.gr. 1.64; dens. 43.38 lb/ft3; visc. 1300 cps (1%), 15,000 cps (2%); pH 7; surf. tens. 70 dynes/cm; 9% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers 366

Part I: Trade Name Reference KELGIN® F [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Algin, refined CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, thickener, suspending agent, stabilizer for foods (batters, icings, bakery gels, sauces, gravies, frozen foods, syrups, fountain syrups, dry mixes, dietetic beverages) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Ivory gran., sl. odor; 80 mesh; watersol.; sp.gr. 1.59; dens. 54.62 lb/ft3; visc. 300 cps (1%), 4000 cps (2%); ref. index 1.3343; pH 7; surf. tens. 62 dynes/cm; 13% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers KELGIN® HV [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, thickener, suspending agent, stabilizer for foods (batters, icings, bakery gels, sauces, gravies, frozen foods, syrups, fountain syrups, dry mixes, dietetic beverages) Features: High visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Ivory gran., sl. odor; 30 mesh; watersol.; sp.gr. 1.59; dens. 54.62 lb/ft3; visc. 800 cps (1%), 10,000 cps (2%); ref. index 1.3343; pH 7; surf. tens. 62 dynes/cm; 13% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers KELGIN® LV [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, thickener, suspending agent, stabilizer for foods (batters, icings, bakery gels, sauces, gravies, frozen foods, syrups, fountain syrups, dry mixes, dietetic beverages) Features: Low-visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Ivory gran., sl. odor; 42 mesh; watersol.; sp.gr. 1.59; dens. 54.62 lb/ft3; visc. 60 cps (1%), 500 cps (2%); ref. index 1.3343; pH 7; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

surf. tens. 62 dynes/cm; 13% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers KELGIN® MV [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, thickener, suspending agent, stabilizer for foods (batters, icings, bakery gels, sauces, gravies, frozen foods, syrups, fountain syrups, dry mixes, dietetic beverages) Features: Med.-visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Ivory gran., sl. odor; 30 mesh; watersol.; sp.gr. 1.59; dens. 54.62 lb/ft3; visc. 400 cps (1%), 6000 cps (2%); ref. index 1.3343; pH 7; surf. tens. 62 dynes/cm; 13% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers KELGIN® QL [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate blend See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gelling agent, emulsifier and stabilizer in foods Properties: Ivory gran. particles; visc. 30 cps; pH neutral. KELGIN® XL [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Refined sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, thickener, suspending agent, stabilizer for foods (batters, icings, bakery gels, sauces, gravies, frozen foods, syrups, fountain syrups, dry mixes, dietetic beverages) Features: Very low visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Ivory gran., sl. odor; 42 mesh; watersol.; sp.gr. 1.59; dens. 54.62 lb/ft3; visc. 30 cps (1%), 160 cps (2%); ref. index 1.3343; pH 7; surf. tens. 62 dynes/cm; 13% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers 367

Part I: Trade Name Reference Kelgum® [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum, locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Uses: Thickener for desserts, gelled confectioneries, gels Kelgum® 87 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum, xanthan gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Stabilizer, bodying agent, thickener for dairy prods., pasteurized process cheese food, yogurt dry mix, novelty water and ice milk bars, salad dressing, gravies, pasteurized liq. egg preps., syrup, pudding dry mix, cookie filling, nonfat frozen desserts Properties: 100 mesh; visc. 2700 cps (1%); pH 7.0 Use Level: 0.1-0.3% (coldpack cheese), 0.210.28% (nonfat frozen desserts), 0.2-0.45% (salad dressing), 0.15-0.3% (dry pudding mix), 0.08-0.2% (imitation liq. creamer), 0.12-0.18% (novelty ice milk bars) Kelgum® 100 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Uses: Suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer for ice cream, frozen novelties, sherbet, sorbet, whipping cream Kelgum® 331 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum, xanthan gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer for food service dressings, sauces, cold pack cheese Kelgum® GFS [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum, locust bean gum, guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Uses: Gellant, thickener, syneresis control agent for processed cheeses, sour cream, cream cheese, cheesecake, dry bakery blends

http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum, guar gum, carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer for ice cream, sorbet, milk shakes KELMAR® [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium alginate CAS 9005-36-1 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, stabilizer, water binder for foods, dietetic and low-sodium foods, dry mixes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1610, GRAS; EU E402 compliance Properties: Cream gran., sl. odor; 100 mesh; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 270 cps (1%), 3200 cps (2%); pH 7.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers Kelnoodlizer® [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate blend CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Thickener, binder for noodles Properties: Particle size (Tyler) 20 mesh; visc. 150 cps (1%) KELSET® [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, emulsifier, stabilizer in foods (bakery fillings, tomato sauces, glazes) Features: Self-gelling gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Lt. ivory soft gel, sl. odor; 177 µ particle size; 80 mesh; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; pH 7.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Keltone® [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Algin See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gelling agent, emulsifier and stabilizer in foods (hot and cold water dessert gels) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance KELTONE® HV [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Low calcium sodium alginate NF See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, thickener, stabilizer, suspending agent, film-former for foods, puddings, pie fillings, bakery fillings, chiffons, sauces, and dessert gels Features: Med. visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance; Kosher approved Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 95% min. through 60 mesh, 90% min. through 80 mesh; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 400 cps (1%), 3500 cps (2%); pH 7; 90.8-106.0% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in cool, dry place @ 46-59 F KELTONE® LVNF [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Low calcium sodium alginate NF See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, thickener, stabilizer, suspending agent, film-former for foods, puddings, pie fillings, bakery fillings, chiffons, sauces, and dessert gels Features: Low-visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance; Kosher approved Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 95% min. through 100 mesh, 85% min. through 150 mesh; water-sol.; sp.gr. 1.64; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 100-300 cP (2%), 250 cps (2%); pH 6.4-8.0 (2%); ref. index 1.3342; 90.8-106.0% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in cool, dry place @ 46-59 F KELTOSE® [ISP Alginates Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium alginate and ammonium alginate Uses: Gellant, binder, emulsifier, and stabilizer in foods, icings, fruit fillings, meringues Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Ivory gran., sl. odor; 177 µ particle size; 80 mesh; water-sol.; dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 250 cps; pH 7.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation, skin irritation on prolonged contact; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers, alkaline sol'ns. Storage: Store in cool, dry place Keltrol® [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food-grade xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Stabilizer for foods, bakery fillings, flavor emulsions, canned food, dry mixes, frozen foods, juice drinks, dressings, relishes, gravies, sauces, syrups, baked goods, batters, puddings and pie fillings; suspending agent for fruit pulp Features: Stable in acid systems; salt compatibility Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; EU E415 compliance Properties: Cream to wh. powd., sl. odor; ≥ 95% through 80 mesh; sol. in hot and cold water; swells in glycerin and propylene glycol; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 52.2 lb/ft3; visc. 1200-1600 cps (1% gum in 1% KCl sol'n.); pH 7.0; surf. tens. 75 dynes/cm; 11% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers Keltrol® 521 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for dressings, 369

Part I: Trade Name Reference frozen desserts, sauces, milk prods., salsas, fruit preps., relishes, syrups, baked goods, instant desserts Features: Low dusting Keltrol® 1000 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: High microbiological purity grade thickener, stabilizer used for bakery fillings, flavor emulsions, canned foods, dry mixes, frozen foods, juice drinks, dressings, relishes, gravies, sauces, syrups, baked goods, batters, puddings, pie fillings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; EU E415 compliance Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 175 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 1400 cps (1%); pH 7.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers Keltrol® BT [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, emulsifier, suspending agent, stabilizer for foods, bakery fillings, flavor emulsions, canned foods, dry mixes, frozen foods, juice drinks, dressings, relishes, gravies, sauces, syrups, baked goods, batters, puddings, pie fillings Features: Brine tolerant; improved sol. in high salt systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; FCC, NF, EU E415 compliance; Kosher approved Properties: Cream to wh. gran. powd., sl. odor; ≥ 95% through 80 mesh; sol. in hot or cold water; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 1200-1600 cps (1% gum in 1% KCl sol'n.); pH 6.1-8.1 (1% aq.); 6-14% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in sealed containers in cool, dry place @ 46-59 F Keltrol® CR [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum NF CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Food-grade thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, suspending agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; EU E415 compliance; Kosher approved Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 100% min. through 80 mesh, 92% min. through 200 mesh; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 1200-1600 cP (1% salt sol'n.); pH 6.1-8.1 (1%); 91-108% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in sealed containers in cool, dry place @ 46-59 F Keltrol® F [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food-grade xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Stabilizer for foods, bakery fillings, flavor emulsions, canned foods, dry mixes, frozen foods, juice drinks, dressings, relishes, gravies, sauces, syrups, baked goods, batters, puddings, pie fillings; suspending agent for fruit pulp Features: Rapidly soluble Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; EU E415 compliance Properties: Cream to wh. powd.; ≥ 92% through 200 mesh; sol. in cold and hot water; swells in glycerin and propylene glycol; sp.gr. 1.5; bulk dens. 52.2 lb/ft3; visc. 1200-1600 cps (1% gum in 1% KCl sol'n.); pH 7.0; surf. tens. 75 dynes/cm; 11% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers 370

Part I: Trade Name Reference Keltrol® GM [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, suspending agent, stabilizer for bakery fillings, flavor emulsions, canned foods, dry mixes, frozen foods, juice drinks, dressings, relishes, gravies, sauces, syrups, baked goods, batters, puddings, pie fillings Features: Dust-free Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; FCC, NF, EU E415 compliance; kosher Properties: Cream to wh. gran. powd., sl. odor; ≥ 95% through 42 mesh, ≤ 25% through 100 mesh; sol. in cold or hot water; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 1200-1600 cps (1% gum in 1% KCl sol'n.); pH 6.1-8.0 (1% aq.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers Keltrol® HP [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, suspending agent for bakery fillings, flavor emulsions, canned foods, dry mixes, juice drinks, beverages, frozen foods, pourable and spoonable dressings, relishes, gravies and sauces, syrups, baked goods, batters, puddings Features: Greater suspending power Properties: Particle size (Tyler) 80 mesh; visc. 1500 cps (1%) Keltrol® HP 594 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for dressings, sauces, marinades Features: Exc. suspension; high visc. at low use level Keltrol® RD 576 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for relishes, salsas, fruit toppings Features: Transparent; low dusting; very dispersible Keltrol® RD [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for bakery fillings, flavor emulsions, canned foods, dry mixes, frozen foods, juice drinks, dressings, relishes, gravies, sauces, syrups, baked goods, batters, puddings, pie fillings Features: Readily dispersible Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; EU E415 compliance Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 990 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 1400 cps (1%); pH 7.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers Keltrol® SF [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, suspending agent, stabilizer for bakery fillings, flavor emulsions, canned foods, dry mixes, frozen foods, juice drinks, dressings, relishes, gravies, sauces, syrups, baked goods, batters, puddings, pie fillings Features: Altered rheology; smooth flow Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; FCC, NF, EU E415 compliance; kosher Properties: Wh. to cream powd., sl. odor; ≥ 100% through 60 mesh, ≥ 95% through 80 mesh; sol. in cold or hot water; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 800-1300 cps; pH 6.1-8.1 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers 371

Part I: Trade Name Reference Keltrol® T [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, suspending agent, stabilizer for bakery fillings, flavor emulsions, canned foods, dry mixes, frozen foods, juice drinks, dressings, relishes, gravies, sauces, syrups, baked goods, batters, puddings, pie fillings Features: Transparent; produces clear sol'ns. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; FCC, NF, EU E415 compliance; kosher Properties: Cream to wh. powd., sl. odor; 100% through 60 mesh, ≥ 95% through 80 mesh; sol. in hot or cold water; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 1200-1600 cps (1% gum in 1% KCl sol'n.); pH 7.0±1.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in sealed containers in cool, dry place @ 46-59 F Keltrol® T 622 [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for vinaigrette style dressings, clear beverages, relishes, syrups Features: Transparent; very versatile Keltrol® TF [CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Emulsifier, thickener, suspending agent, stabilizer for bakery fillings, flavor emulsions, canned foods, dry mixes, frozen foods, juice drinks, dressings, relishes, gravies, sauces, syrups, baked goods, batters, puddings, pie fillings Features: Rapidly soluble; transparent; suitable for clear systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.695; FCC, NF, EU E415 compliance; kosher Properties: Cream to wh. powd., sl. odor; 100% through 80 mesh, ≥ 92% through 200 mesh; sol. in hot or cold water; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 1200-1600 cps (1% gum in 1% KCl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sol'n.); pH 7.0±1.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; excessive dust inhalation may cause respiratory irritation; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Not flamm., but powd. will burn if involved in a fire; spills are slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store in sealed containers in cool, dry place @ 46-59 F Kelvis® [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate, refined See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, binder for food batters; thickener, binder for sauces, noodles Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Ivory gran.; 150 mesh; water-sol.; sp.gr. 1.59; dens. 54.62 lb/ft3; visc. 760 cps (1%), 9000 cps (2%); ref. index 1.3343; pH 7; surf. tens. 62 dynes/cm; 13% moisture Kemamide® S [Chemtura/Olefins & Styrenics] Chem. Descrip.: Stearamide CAS 124-26-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-693-2 Uses: Release agent migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; FDA 21CFR §175.105, 177.1210, 178.3860, 178.3910, 179.45, 181.28; CERCLA nonregulated; SARA nonreportable; PA Right-to-Know nonregulated; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; NJ Right-to-Know reportable; Japan ENCS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Gardner 4 max. waxy solid, powd. or pellet; sl. fatty odor; m.w. 278; sol. (g/100 g solv. @ 50 C) > 10 in chloroform, 10 in IPA, 4 in MEK, 3 in methyl alcohol, 2 in toluene; insol. in water; dens. 0.809 g/ml (130 C); visc. 5.8 cP (130 C); m.p. 98-108 C; b.p. > 288 C; acid no. 4 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; flash pt. 197 C (PMCC); fire pt. 268 C (COC); 95% min. amide Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10,000 mg/kg; dust may cause respiratory tract irritation; may cause sl. eye, skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Use safety glasses, neoprene gloves; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents 372

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, other harmful gases; thermal decomposition may result in NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store at ambient temp. Kemamide® U [Chemtura/Olefins & Styrenics] Chem. Descrip.: Oleamide CAS 301-02-0; EINECS/ELINCS 206-103-9 Uses: Release agent migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 178.3910, 179.45, 181.28; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan ENCS; Korea ECL Properties: Gardner 5 max. waxy solid, powd., and pellet; sl. fatty odor; m.w. 275; insol. in water; sol. (g/100 g solv. @ 30 C) > 30 in IPA, 28 in methyl alcohol, 25 in toluene, > 20 in MEK; dens. 0.823 g/ml (130 C); visc. 5.5 cP (130 C); m.p. 68-78 C; b.p. > 260 C; acid no. 4 max.; iodine no. 72-90; flash pt. 245 C (COC); 95% min. amide Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10,000 mg/kg; dust may cause respiratory tract irritation; may cause sl. eye, skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Use safety glasses, neoprene gloves; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx Storage: Store at ambient temp. Kemamide® W-39 [Chemtura/Olefins & Styrenics] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylene distearamide CAS 110-30-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-755-6 Uses: Release agent migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 177.1200, 177.2470, 177.2480, 181.28; CERCLA nonregulated; SARA nonreportable; NJ Right-to-Know reportable Properties: Gardner 18 max. flakes; sl. fatty odor; insol. in water; sol. (g/100 g solv. @ 70 C) 2.0 g toluene, 1.6 g dichloroethane; 1.4 g IPA, 0.9 g MEK; m.p. 140 C; acid no. 10 max.; m.p. 140 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 299 C (COC); fire pt. 315 C (COC); nonionic Toxicology: Dust may cause respiratory tract irritation; may cause sl. eye, skin irritation Environmental: not expected to be toxic to aquatic organisms Precaution: Use safety glasses, neoprene gloves; incompat. with strong oxidizing Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Kemester® 2050 [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl eicosenate See Methyl eicosanoate CAS 1120-28-1; EINECS/ELINCS 214-304-8 Uses: Foam depressant and nutrient in fermentation Properties: Gardner 14 max. color; acid no. 25 max.; iodine no. 90-110; sapon. no. 180-190 Kemester® 4516 [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl stearate See Methyl stearate CAS 112-61-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-990-4 Uses: Defoamer, nutrient in fermentation Properties: Gardner 1 max. color; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 2.5 max.; sapon. no. 192-202 Kemstrene® 96.0% USP [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined glycerin USP CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Ingred. in food prods. Properties: Sp.gr. 1.25165 min; 96.0% purity Kena® FP-28 [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate FCC, sodium hexametaphosphate FCC blend See Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 7758-29-4; 10124-56-8; EINECS/ELINCS 213-837-7; 233-343-1 Uses: Food additive, oxidative stabilizer, tenderizer, moisture retention aid, texturizer for poultry to be cooked, smoked, cured, or dehydrated, and for raw frozen items, chicken rolls, turkey rolls, cooked boned chicken meat, precooked breaded parts, barbecued chicken, other convenience foods Features: Provides oxidative stability, increases tenderness, provides better moisture retention, better texture Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. gran., odorless; 1% max. on 20 mesh, 30% max. through 100 mesh; sol. in water; m.p. 622 C; pH 9.1-9.8 (1%); hygroscopic Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust); eye and skin irritant; low acute inh. toxicity; TSCA listed 373

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: POx and SOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store cool and dry Kidney Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Kirnol® Range [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Fatty acid mono and diglycerides based or vegetable or animal sources See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, baked goods Features: General purpose Properties: Nonionic; < 60% mono content Kiwifruit Treattarome 9770 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, hexanal, trans 2-hexenal, hexanol,ethyl hexanoate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate See Ethyl caproate; trans-2Hexenal; Hexyl alcohol CAS 623-42-7; 105-54-4; 66-25-1; 6728-26-3; 111-27-3; 123-66-0; 93-58-3; 93-89-0; EINECS/ELINCS 210-792-1; 203-306-4; 200624-5; 229-778-1; 203-852-3; 204-640-3; 202259-7; 202-284-3 Uses: Flavor for food Features: Fresh, green, fruity Properties: Kiwi fruit flavor Use Level: 0.02-0.06 Klearol® [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil NF CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Gloss aid, plasticizer, release agent, softener in food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, §178.3620(a) Properties: Water-wh., odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.822-0.833; visc. 7-10 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -7 C; flash pt. 138 C Kleistase E5S [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp; Amano Enzyme USA] Chem. Descrip.: bacterial α-Amylase from Bacillus subtilis with sodium chloride ethanol, and DL-methionine as additives See Alcohol; α-Amylase Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 9000-90-2; 7647-14-5; 64-17-5; 59-51-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-565-6; 231-598-3; 200578-6; 200-432-1 Uses: Enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch (glucose syrup, fructose syrup, maltose syrup, dextrin, etc); improves the quality of biscuits, crackers, etc. Properties: Tan to brn. liq.; fermentation odor; sol. in water; pH 5.8-6.8; ≥ 51,300 AU/g act. Toxicology: Inh. of aerosols or dust resulting from inappropriate handling may induce sensitization and may cause allergic reactions in sensitized individuals; skin irritant; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid inhalation of dusts and mists, splashing, and high-pressure washing Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry place with good ventilation Kleistase T10S [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp; Amano Enzyme USA] Chem. Descrip.: bacterial thermostable αAmylase from Bacillus subtilis dditives See α-Amylase CAS 9000-90-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-565-6 Uses: Enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch (maltodextrin, glucose syrup, highfructose syrup, high-maltose syrup, and oligosaccharide); reducing the high viscosity of the starch slurry; used in brewing industry and alcohol prod. Properties: Tan to brn. liq.; fermentation odor; sol. in water; pH 6.5-7.5; ≥ 13,100 LJ/g act. Toxicology: Inh. of aerosols or dust resulting from inappropriate handling may induce sensitization and may cause allergic reactions in sensitized individuals; skin irritant; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid inhalation of mists, splashing, and highpressure washing Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None 374

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Store in cool, dry place with good ventilation Klucel® 'F' Grades [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Premium grades hydroxypropylcellulose NF; grades designated 'FF' also meet FCC specs. CAS 9004-64-2 Uses: Surface-active thickener, stabilizer, film-former, suspending agent, protective colloid for food applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.870 Properties: Off-wh. powd., tasteless; 85% min. through 30 mesh, 99% min. through 20 mesh; water-sol.; dissolves easily in many polar org. solvs.; soften. pt. 100-150 C; pH 5.0-8.5; surf. tens. 43.6 dynes/cm (0.1%); nonionic; 5% max. moisture Toxicology: Nontoxic orally; nonirritating to skin; may cause transient eye irritation KocoaKreme 154 [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Chem. Analysis: Fat 27% Uses: Foaming agent in beverage applics. Properties: Dens. 0.22-0.26 Kol Guard® 7373 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Freeze/thaw stabilizer for neutral pH, frozen foods, frozen fruits, cream pies, boilin-bag foods, pot pies, TV dinners, canned fillings, lemon puddings, refrigerated foods, baby foods Features: Imparts sheen, clarity, blandness Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; pH 5.6; 11% moisture Kol Guard® 7413 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Stabilizer for low-temp., low pH food systems incl. fresh/frozen fruit pies, meat prods., sauces, gravies, baby food; shelf life extender in cook-up puddings; body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness enhancer, shelf-life/freshness improver, visc. control agent for soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Features: Resists freeze/thaw breakdown, maintains short paste texture, high sheen, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

clarity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; pH 5.6; 11.5% moisture Kol Guard® 7467 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: starch Uses: Viscosifier, body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness/sh elf-life/freshness improver in soups, sauces, gravies, dressing, fruit filling, fruit preps., jams Features: For neutral to acidic food systems Kollidon® CL [BASF http://www.basf.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Crospovidone CAS 9003-39-8 Uses: Filter aid for clarification of wine and beer Regulatory: USP/NF, EP, JP Properties: 60% max. < 50 µm; 95% min. < 250 µm; insol. but swells in water; bulk dens. 0.300.40 g/ml; surf. area 1 m2/g; pH 5.0-7.5 (1% aq.); swelling pressure ≈ < 10 kPa; 12.0-12.8% N; [le[ 5% loss on drying Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 6.8 g/kg; no teratogenic, mutagenic or carcinogenic effects Storage: Hygroscopic; 3 yrs. min. shelf life Kosteran-T/1 [Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan monotallate See Sorbitan tallate Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Properties: Liq.; HLB 4.3; nonionic Koster Keunen Beeswax [Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: wh. beeswaxand yel. beeswax See Beeswax, white; Beeswax, yellow CAS 8006-40-4; 8012-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973 Properties: Wh./yel. wax; sol. 24.2 g/100 ml in benzene; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.950-0.960; m.p. 61-65 C; acid no. 17-24; iodine no. 8-11; cloud pt. < 65 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 242250 C; ref. index 1.4398-1.4451; dielec. const. 3.1-3.3 Toxicology: LD50 (oral) 5 g/kg Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids 375

Part I: Trade Name Reference HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Koster Keunen Beeswax #100P [Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: White beeswax See Beeswax, white CAS 8006-40-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973 Properties: Wh. wax; m.p. 61-65 C; acid no. 1724; iodine no. 8-11; cloud pt. < 65 C; flash pt. 2420250 C Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Koster Keunen Candelilla [Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax CAS 8006-44-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-347-0 Uses: Gellant for candy; chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.320, 176.180 Properties: Yel to brn. wax; aromatic odor; sol. hot in alcohol, benzene, petroleum ether; sp.gr. 0.9820-0.9930; m.p. 68.5-72.5 C; b.p. > 240 C; flash pt. (COC) > 240 C; acid no. 1119; iodine no. 19-44; sapon. no. 44-66; ref. index 1.4555; dielec. const. 2.50-2.63 Precaution: Wear gloves, splash goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, dry well-ventilated area away from oxidizers, acids Koster Keunen Carnauba [Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba (Copernicia cerifera) wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods, candy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1978 Properties: Wax; sol. (g/100 cc): 1.690 g chloroform, 0.610 g xylene, 0.518 g benzene, 0.440 g turpentine, 0.324 g acetone; sp.gr. 0.996-0.998; m.p. 82.5-86 C; acid no. 2-6; iodine no. 7-14; sapon. no. 78-88; flash pt. > 300 C; ref. index 1.463; dielec. const. 2.674.20 Koster Keunen Microcrystalline Waxes [Koster Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline wax CAS 64742-42-3; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Chewing gum base; protective coating on raw fruits and vegetables; defoamer for foods Regulatory: FDA §172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Wh. to amber wax; sp.gr. 0.90-0.94; visc. 50-100 (210 F); m.p. 140-190 F; acid no. 0-0.2; iodine no. 0.-1.5; sapon. no. 0-2; flash pt. > 425 F; fire pt. > 550 F Koster Keunen Paraffin Wax [Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Paraffin CAS 8002-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Uses: Wax for protection of foods, fruits, cheese, and vegetables; chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.250, 175.300 Properties: Wax; sol. (g/100 cc): 40 g benzene, 9 g min. oil, 3 g dichloroethane, 0.4 g IPA; m.p. various grades from 118-165 F; ref. index 1.4219-1.4357 Koster Keunen Synthetic Spermaceti [Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Syn. spermaceti (cetyl palmitate and other esters) See Cetyl esters CAS 136097-97-7 Uses: Moisturizer, thickener, gellant for mfg. of sweetmeats, candies, confectionery Regulatory: FDA approved Properties: Pastilles; sol. in boiling alcohol, chloroform, carbon disulfide, volatile oils; sp.gr. 0.940-0.946; visc. 6.7-7.4 (100 C); m.p. 45-49 C; acid no. 0-0.5; iodine no. < 3; sapon. no. 116-125; flash pt. > 240 C; ref. index 1.440 (60 C) Kotilen-S/3 [Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 65 CAS 9005-71-4 Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Properties: Solid; HLB 10.5; nonionic KRYSTAR® 300 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fructose Uses: Sweetener in bakery prods., snacks, beverages, confectionery, dairy prods., sauces, prepared foods Features: Noncaloric; noncariogenic; made from sugar; approx. 600 times sweeter than sugar; extremely stable; maintains sweetness @ high food processing temps. (pasteurization, 376

Part I: Trade Name Reference sterilization, etc.) and prolonged storage; stable in neutral and acidic prods. Properties: Wh. gran. or syrup Krystar® 300 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fructose CAS 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy, fruit preparations Features: High solubility, synergy with nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners and interaction with a variety of food ingreds. Properties: Wh. free-flowing crystalline material or water wh. liq. KRYSTAR® 450 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fructose Uses: Sweetener in bakery prods., snacks, beverages, confectionery, dairy prods., sauces, prepared foods Properties: Wh. gran. or syrup Krystar® 450 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fructose CAS 7660-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-333-3 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy, and fruit preps. Properties: Wh. free-flowing crystalline material or water wh. liq. KRYSTAR® Liquid [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fructose Uses: Sweetener in bakery prods., snacks, beverages, confectionery, dairy prods., sauces, prepared foods Properties: Liq.; 77% solids KRYSTAR® Powder [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fructose Uses: Sweetener in bakery prods., snacks, beverages, confectionery, dairy prods., sauces, prepared foods Properties: Powd. LE 80 BT [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Whey protein-hydrolysate CAS 84082-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7 Uses: Protein supplement for drink mixes and special diet foods Features: Predigested; mixture of short chain peptides and free amino acids; high levels of Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

essential amino acids; high biological value Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored under conditions of 5-25 C and max. 75% r.h. in the original sealed bag Lac-Glaze 20E [Japan Shellac http://www.japan-shellac.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Bleached dewaxed shellac/ethanol See Alcohol Uses: Coating agent, gloss aid, moisture barrier, antiblocking agent, shelf life extender for foods, esp. for coating chocolates, candies, fruits, health foods Properties: Lt. yel.; 20 ± 1.5% NV Lac-Glaze 20E-N [Japan Shellac http://www.japan-shellac.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: NSC shellac/ethanol See Alcohol Uses: Coating agent, gloss aid, moisture barrier, antiblocking agent, shelf life extender for foods, esp. for coating chocolates, candies, fruits, health foods Properties: Brn.; 20 ± 1.5% NV Lac-Glaze 25E [Japan Shellac http://www.japan-shellac.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Bleached dewaxed shellac/ethanol See Alcohol Uses: Coating agent, gloss aid, moisture barrier, antiblocking agent, shelf life extender for foods, esp. for coating chocolates, candies, fruits, health foods Properties: Lt. yel.; 25 ± 2% NV Lac-Glaze 25E-N [Japan Shellac http://www.japan-shellac.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: NSC shellac/ethanol See Alcohol Uses: Coating agent, gloss aid, moisture barrier, antiblocking agent, shelf life extender for foods, esp. for coating chocolates, candies, fruits, health foods Properties: Brn.; 25 ± 2% NV Lac-Glaze 32E [Japan Shellac http://www.japan-shellac.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Bleached dewaxed shellac/ethanol See Alcohol Uses: Coating agent, gloss aid, moisture barrier, antiblocking agent, shelf life extender for foods, esp. for coating chocolates, candies, fruits, health foods Properties: Yel.; 32 ± 2% NV

377

Part I: Trade Name Reference Lac-Glaze 32E-N [Japan Shellac http://www.japan-shellac.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: NSC shellac/ethanol See Alcohol Uses: Coating agent, gloss aid, moisture barrier, antiblocking agent, shelf life extender for foods, esp. for coating chocolates, candies, fruits, health foods Properties: Brn.; 32 ± 2% NV Lactarin® CM 2254 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, sucrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 57-50-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232524-2; 200-334-9 Uses: Visc. improver, mouthfeel improver, suspension aid, stabilizer chocolate milk systems, including HTST and UHT Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. 10% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0-10.5 Toxicology: Sucrose: LD50 (oral, rat) 2970 mg/kg; carrageenan: LD50 (dermal, rabbit) > 2 g/kg, (inh., rat, 4 h) > 0.93 mg/l; nonsensitizing; TSCA listed Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Lactarin® MV-306 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan and dextrin See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 9004-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 232-675-4 Uses: Fat replacement system for cheese sauce Features: Provides cling, creaminess, hot visc., and mouthfeel Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water (10% max.); sp. gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: Low oral, dermal and inh. toxicity; nonirritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store in tightly closed container away from excessive heat Lactarin® MV-308 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan and dextrin See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 9004-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 232-675-4 Uses: Fat replacement system for frozen shakes; prevents whey separation and improves mouthfeel Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water (10% max.); sp. gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: Low oral, dermal and inh. toxicity; nonirritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container away from excessive heat Lactarin® MV-406 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Fat replacement system for buttermilktype dry mix dressings Features: Provides creaminess, thickening, body, cling, and mouthfeel Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water (10% max.); sp. gr. ≈ 1; pH 7.0-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5,000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2,000 mg/kg; low oral, dermal and inh. toxicity; nonirritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Precaution: Accumulation of excessive dust on overhead structures may form explosive concentrations when disturbed and dispersed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container away from excessive heat Lactarin® MV 2066 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See 378

Part I: Trade Name Reference Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Thickener, suspension aid for water, milk applics. such as flavored cold drinks, desserts Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. 10% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 7.0-10.5 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2 g/kg, (inh., rat, 4 h) > 0.93 mg/l; nonsensitizing; TSCA listed Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat Lactarin® PS-185X [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Fat replacement system for buttermilktype dry mix dressings Features: Provides creaminess, thickening, body, cling, and mouthfeel Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water (10% max.); sp. gr. ≈ 1; pH 7.0-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5,000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2,000 mg/kg; low oral, dermal and inh. toxicity; nonirritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Precaution: Accumulation of excessive dust on overhead structures may form explosive concentrations when disturbed and dispersed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SOx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container away from excessive heat Lactarin® XP 3410 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenam, guar gum, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 9000-07-1; 9000-30-0; 9004-34-6; 9004-324; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 232-536-8; 232-674-9 Uses: Gellant for foods Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. 10% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 5.5-10.0 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Lactase 14-DS [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Lactase from Aspergillus oryzae See β-Galactosidase CAS 9031-11-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-864-1 Uses: Enzyme for dietary supplement use Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; β-Galactosidase act. ≥ 14,000 u/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization in allergic individuals when inhaled; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine and aquatic organisms Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry place Lactase F Amano [Mitsubishi Int'l. http://www.micusa.com; Amano Enzyme USA] Chem. Descrip.: Lactase from Aspergillus oryzae See β-Galactosidase CAS 9031-11-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-864-1 Uses: Enzyme for dairy processing, lactose hydrolysis Features: Very stable to heat Properties: Sl. yel. to wh. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; insol. in ethanol, acetone, and isopropyl alcohol; ≥ 14,000 units/g lactase act. Toxicology: Irritant to eyes and skin; nontoxic; nonpathogenic Environmental: biodeg.; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear approved respirator, latex gloves, and eye protection; avoid dust formation, splashing, and high-pressure 379

Part I: Trade Name Reference washing Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry place with good ventilation Lacticol® CFT [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate; Diphosphoric acid, tetrasodium salt; Diphosphoric acid, disodium salt; Sucrose See Algin; Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate CAS 9005-38-3; 7722-88-5; 7758-16-9; 57-50-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-767-1; 231-835-0; 200334-9 Uses: Thickener, gellant for savory dips, bakery cream fillings, cheesecake toppings, milk shakes, instant drinks, chilled desserts, instant puddings and mousses Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Wh. to tan powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; pH ≈ 7 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: Mild eye irritant; prolonged contact with skin can cause drying or chapping Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear safety glasses and gloves; minimize dust formation; avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry place, out of direct sunlight Lacticol® F336 [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Phosphoric acid, disodium salt; Diphosphoric acid, tetrasodium salt; Sulfuric acid, calcium salt (1:1); Alginic acid, sodium salt; Sucrose See Algin; Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate CAS 7558-79-4; 7722-88-5; 10101-41-4; 900538-3; 57-50-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-448-7; 231-767-1; 231-900-3; 200-334-9 Uses: Thickener, gellant for milk-based systems, bakery cream fillings, cheesecake toppings, instant puddings Properties: Wh. to ylsh. brn. powd.; sl. odor; pH ≈ 8 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: Mild eye irritant; prolonged contact with skin can cause drying or chapping; nonmutagenic; nonteratogenic Environmental: biodeg. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Wear safety glasses and gloves; powdered material may form explosive dustair mixtures; minimize dust formation; avoid strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Lacticol® F616 [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Alginate blend Uses: Thickener, gellant for bakery filling creams, milk-based desserts, pie fillings Properties: 125-250 μ, 60-120 mesh Lactipol C [Oxiteno Mexico http://www.oxiteno.com.mx] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate See Calcium stearoyl lactylate CAS 5793-94-2; EINECS/ELINCS 227-335-7 Uses: Emulsifier, complexing agent for dehydrated potatoes, dairy systems; dough conditioner for yeast-raised baked prods.; crumb softener; starch complexing agent; bread improver; freeze/thaw emulsions Properties: Fine wh. powd.; HLB 21.0; anionic; 100% conc. Lactipol S [Oxiteno Mexico http://www.oxiteno.com.mx] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate See Sodium stearoyl lactylate CAS 25383-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 246-929-7 Uses: Conditioner, softener for baked prods.; emulsifier and complexing agent for dehydrated potatoes, dairy systems, puddings, sauces, icings, and imitation cheeses; dough conditioner for yeastraised baked goods Properties: Wh. creamy powd.; HLB 21.0; anionic; 100% conc. Lactitol AC [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactitol anhyd. (98-102%) See Lactitol CAS 585-86-4; EINECS/ELINCS 209-566-5 Uses: Sweetener, bulking agent, sucrose replacement in chocolate, baked goods, chewing gum, ice cream, fruit preps., confections, table-top sweeteners; cryoprotectant for surimi Features: Stable to air and heat Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; mild sweet taste; highly sol. in water (≈ 1.9 g/ml); sparingly sol. to insol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 380

Part I: Trade Name Reference 344.37; m.p. 147-154 C; pH 4.5-7.0 (10%); 0.5% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27.5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 4.5 g/kg; may cause skin/eye irritation; prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause respiratory irritation; excessive consumption can cause laxation Environmental: LC50 (daphnia magna) > 10,000 mg/l; biodeg. complete in 5 days Precaution: Sl. fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; may burn but does not ignite readily; dust-air mixts. may ignite or explode; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids, excessive heat, sparks, open flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may release toxic/hazardous fumes of furfural, CO2, CO Storage: 2 yrs. shelf life when stored in original sealed pkgs. below 20 C and < 55% r.h.; marginally hygroscopic Lactitol MC [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactitol monohydrate CAS 81025-04-9; EINECS/ELINCS 209-566-5 Uses: Sweetener, bulking agent, sucrose replacement in chocolate, baked goods, chewing gum, ice cream, fruit preps., confections, table-top sweeteners; cryoprotectant for surimi Features: Stable to air and heat Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; mild sweet taste; highly sol. in water (≈ 1.7 g/ml); sparingly sol. to insol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 362.37; m.p. 94-100 C; pH 4.5-7.0 (10%); 98101% act.; 4.5-5.5% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27.5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 4.5 g/kg; relatively nontoxic by ing.; may cause skin/eye irritation; prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause respiratory irritation; excessive consumption can cause laxation Environmental: LC50 (daphnia magna) > 10,000 mg/l; biodeg. complete in 5 days Precaution: Sl. fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; may burn but does not ignite readily; dust-air mixts. may ignite or explode; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, strong acids, excessive heat, sparks, open flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may release toxic/hazardous fumes of Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

furfural, CO2, CO Storage: Only marginally hygroscopic; 2 yrs. shelf life when stored in original, sealed pkgs. below 25 C and < 65% r.h. Lactoferrin [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein-derived from cow's milk CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Antimicrobial and bacteriostat for organisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Listeria, and Candida for infant formulas, health supplements, functional foods and drinks; promotes balance of the intestinal flora; antioxidant; iron scavenger; iron carrier and the bioavailability promoter of iron Features: Purified and spray-dried Lactogel® FX 7351 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, sucrose, disodium phosphate See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous CAS 9000-07-1; 57-50-1; 7558-79-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 200-334-9; 231448-7 Uses: Gellant, stabilizer, thickener for water, foodstuffs, hot filled dairy desserts, flans Regulatory: CERCLA reportable (disodium phosphate: 5000 lbs); Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS; WHMIS D2B Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.5-9.5 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container Lactoperoxidase [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk protein-derived from cow's milk CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Uses: Preservative for food; promotes balance of the intestinal flora Features: Purified and spray-dried Lactoval® [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk calcium complex Chem. Analysis: 17% calcium Uses: Calcium source for calcium-fortified 381

Part I: Trade Name Reference drinks, tablets, fermented milk prods., sports beverages, milk shakes, breakfast cereals, and dietary supplements Properties: Wh. cream colored powd.; 95% < 100 µm particle size; milky, bland flavor and odor; dens. 500 g/l (packed); pH 6.0 (10% disp., 20 C) Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored under conditions of 5-25 C and max. 75% r.h. in the original sealed bag Lactoval® HiCal [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk calcium complex Chem. Analysis: 4% protein; 4% carbohydrates; <1% fat; 5% moisure; 150 KJ/100 g Uses: Calcium source for calcium fortified drinks, tablets, sports beverages, and dietary supplements Features: High bioavailability of milk minerals; clean taste; all natural; Ca:P ratio of 2.20:1 contributes to efficient calciun absorption Properties: pH (10% sol'n.) 6.5-7.5; 25% calcium; 11% phosphorus; 1% sodium; 1% potassium; 0.9% magnesium; 1% chloride Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored under conditions of 5-25 C and max. 75% r.h. in the original sealed bag Lactoval® HiCal micronized [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com] Chem. Descrip.: Milk calcium complex Chem. Analysis: 4% protein; 4% carbohydrates; <1% fat; 5% moisure; 150 KJ/100 g Uses: Calcium source for calcium fortified drinks, tablets, sports beverages, and dietary supplements Features: High bioavailability of milk minerals; clean taste; all natural; Ca:P ratio of 2.20:1 contributes to efficient calciun absorption Properties: Particle size (90%) 90%<10 μ m; pH (10% sol'n.) 6.5-7.5; 25% calcium; 11% phosphorus; 1% sodium; 1% potassium; 0.9% magnesium; 1% chloride Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored under conditions of 5-25 C and max. 75% r.h. in the original sealed bag Lacty® M [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactitol monohydrate CAS 81025-04-9; EINECS/ELINCS 209-566-5 Uses: Bulk sweetener for reduced-calorie prods., diabetic prods. Features: Stable Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: USP, FCC, E 966 compliance Properties: Wh. to lt. brn. cryst. powd.; 1000 µm max. particle size; odorless; sweet taste; very sol. in water; m.w. 362; bulk dens. 0.6-0.8 kg/m3; m.p. 98-102 C; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; pH 4.5-7.0 (10% aq.); 96% min. assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; health injuries are not known or expected under normal use; nontoxic; noncarcinogenic; nonmutagenic Environmental: readily biodeg.; no special environmental precautions required; BOD5 550 mg/g; COD 955 mg/g; bioaccumulation is unlikely; ecological injuries are not known or expected under normal use Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store @ R.T.; keep container tightly closed in dry place Lake States Autolyzed Type B [Lake States http://www.wplakestates.com] Chem. Descrip.: Autolyzed yeast Uses: Flavor enhancer used in soup bases, sauces, salad dressings, gravies, marinades, and seasoning rubs Features: Delivers sl. meat characteristics; natural substitute for MSG and HVP's Use Level: 0.50-1.00% of application weight Storage: Store in cool, dry conditions Lake States Autolyzed Type P [Lake States http://www.wplakestates.com] Chem. Descrip.: Autolyzed yeast Uses: Flavor enhancer providing umami sensation used in soup bases, sauces, salad dressings, gravies, marinades, and seasoning rubs; binder and shelf-life extender for emulsion meat prods. Features: Delivers sl. meat characteristics; natural substitute for MSG and HVP's Use Level: 1.0-3.0% of application weight Storage: Store in cool, dry conditions Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast [Lake States http://www.wplakestates.com] Chem. Descrip.: Torula dried yeast, natural smoke flavoring Uses: Smoke flavoring and flavor enhancer for BBQ sauces, meat marinades, and seasoning rubs, hot dogs, bologna, and smoked sausages Use Level: 0.5-1.0% of application weight (BBQ sauces, meat marinades, and seasoning rubs); 1.0-3.0% of application weight (smoke house meat) 382

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Store in cool, dry conditions Lakewax 37 [Lakeland Labs Ltd http://www.lakeland-labs.co.uk/] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized polyethylene homopolymer emulsion See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Wax for fruit coating Features: Hard wax; highly stable Regulatory: ADR nonhazardous for transport Properties: Off-wh. emulsion; sm. particle size; soften. pt. 134 C; pH 9.5; hardness 0.5 mm; nonionic; 35% solids Lakewax 52 [Lakeland Labs Ltd http://www.lakeland-labs.co.uk/] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer emulsion CAS 9010-77-9 Uses: Wax for fruit coating Features: Med. hard wax; highly stable Regulatory: ADR nonhazardous for transport Properties: Cl. translucent emulsion; sm. particle size; soften. pt. 108 C; pH 10; hardness 2 mm; nonionic; 25% solids Lakewax 60/40 [Lakeland Labs Ltd http://www.lakeland-labs.co.uk/] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized polyethylene homopolymer emulsion See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Wax for fruit coating Features: Soft wax; highly stable Regulatory: ADR nonhazardous for transport Properties: Off-wh. translucent emulsion; sm. particle size; soften. pt. 104 C; pH 9.0; hardness 5.5 mm; nonionic; 40% solids Lamchem™ PE-113 [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium glyceryl oleate phosphate CAS 208539-93-9 Uses: Surfactant, w/o emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant, lubricant, release agent for foods, chocolate, dairy prods.; water repellent; lubricant, release agent in chocolate covered candies, confectioneries; visc. reducer for chocolate coatings; pan release agent for baking; improves taste and texture of fat-free foods Features: Stable over wide temp. range; contains no nitrogen derivs. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §163.123, 163.130, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

163.135, 163.140, 163.145, 163.150, 163.155, 170.3(n)(38), 170.3(o)(8)(18)(29), 184.1521, GRAS Properties: Tan cl. visc. liq.; bland odor; sol. in warm water/alcohol mixt.; sl. sol. (hazy) in veg. and min. oils; sol. < 1% by vol. in water; sp.gr. 1.03; dens. 8.5lb/gal; visc. 150 cSt (40 C); vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; b.p. > 200 C; acid no. 50-100; iodine no. 95; pour pt. -20 C; flash pt. (COC) > 150 C; anionic; < 3% volatiles Toxicology: May cause eye irritation Precaution: Spillages may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; keep away from excessive heat, ignition sources Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2, POx, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in closed factory-sealed containers below 90 F; heat and 40 C and mix well prior to transferring out of container; store and use in well-ventilated area; store out of sun Lamchem™ PE-130 K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium glyceryl oleate phosphate CAS 208539-94-0 Uses: Surfactant, w/o emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant, lubricant, release agent for foods, chocolate, dairy prods.; water repellent; lubricant, release agent in chocolate covered candies, confectioneries; visc. reducer for chocolate coatings; pan release agent for baking; improves taste and texture of fat-free foods Features: Stable over wide temp. range; contains no nitrogen derivs. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §163.123, 163.130, 163.135, 163.140, 163.145, 163.150, 163.155, 170.3(n)(38), 170.3(o)(8)(18)(29), 184.1521, GRAS Properties: Tan opaque visc. liq.; bland odor; sol. in warm water/alcohol mixt.; sl. sol. (hazy) in veg. and min. oils; sol. < 1% by vol. in water; sp.gr. 1.03; dens. 8.6 lb/gal; visc. 200 cSt (40 C); vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; b.p. > 200 C; acid no. 45-70; iodine no. 100; pour pt. -8 C; flash pt. (COC) > 150 C; anionic; < 3% volatiles Toxicology: May cause eye irritation Precaution: Spillages may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; 383

Part I: Trade Name Reference keep away from excessive heat, ignition sources Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2, POx, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in closed factory-sealed containers below 90 F; heat and 40 C and mix well prior to transferring out of container; store and use in well-ventilated area; store out of sun Lamegin® EE Range [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Acetic acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids See Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-55-6 Uses: Coating agent, emulsifier for aerating agents and whipped topping concs. for baked goods Properties: Nonionic Lamegin® EE 50 [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Acetic acid ester of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids See Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-55-6 Uses: Coating agents, basic emulsifiers for aerating agents and whipped topping concs. for baked goods Regulatory: EU E 472a, FDA 21CFR §172.828 Properties: Wh. to cream-colored wax, neutral odor and taste; m.p. 40-46 C; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 250-290 Storage: 1 yr. storage in original pkg. under dry, cool (R.T.) conditions Lamegin® EE 70 [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Acetic acid ester of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids See Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-55-6 Uses: Coating agents, basic emulsifiers for aerating agents and whipped topping concs. for baked goods Regulatory: EU E 472a, FDA 21CFR §172.828 Properties: Wh. to cream-colored wax-like plastic, neutral odor and taste; m.p. 36-40 C; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 300-320; hyd. no. 100-120; pH 5.0-6.5 (1:10 in methanol/water 1:1) Storage: 1 yr. storage in original pkg. under dry, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cool (R.T.) conditions Lamegin® EE 100 [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Acetic acid ester of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids See Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-55-6 Uses: Coating agents, basic emulsifiers for aerating agents and whipped topping concs. for baked goods Regulatory: EU E 472a, FDA 21CFR §172.828 Properties: Wh. to cream-colored wax, neutral odor and taste; m.p. 28-32 C; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 370-390; hyd. no. 10 max.; pH 5.0-6.5 (1:10 in methanol/water 1:1) Storage: 1 yr. storage in original pkg. under dry, cool (R.T.) conditions Lamegin® GLP Range [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Lactic acid esters of mono and diglycerides of fatty acids See Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, baked goods; aerating agent for whipped toppings Properties: Nonionic Lamegin® Range [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Esters of mono- and diglycerides Uses: Emulsifier for foods, baked goods, desserts Lamegin® WT [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Uses: Emulsifier for foods, desserts, whipped desserts, decoration and filling creams, whipped creams Features: Good foam stability Lamegin® WTP [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Uses: Emulsifier for foods, liq. toppings Lamegin® ZE Range [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-05-6 Uses: Emulsifier for minced meat prods. and in mfg. of instant dry yeast for baking Lamemul® K 2000-Range [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Mono and diglycerides of 384

Part I: Trade Name Reference edible fatty acids, microbeaded See Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Raw material in mfg. of baking additives; improves crumb; delays staling; improves kneading and fermenting tolerance of dough; antistick agent for mfg. of noodles; improves sensory props. of potato-based food prods.; emulsifier in ice cream mfg. Regulatory: EU Properties: Wh. powd., neutral odor and taste; 60% on 0.2 mm sieve, 100% on 0.5 mm sieve; bulk dens. 550-650 g/l; m.p. 68-72 C; acid no. < 3; iodine no. < 2; sapon. no. 155-165; pH 4-5 (1:10 in methanol/water 1:1); 90-95% total monoglyceride Storage: 1 yr. shelf life under cool, dry conditions below 30 C Lamequick® CE 6630 [Cognis/Nutrition & Health] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose syrup solids, hydrogenated vegetable oil, acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids as emuslfier, and milk protein See Corn syrup solids Chem. Analysis: 4-6% protein CAS 68131-37-3; 68334-28-1; 68990-55-6; 900071-9; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6; 232-555-1 Uses: Whipping agent for whipped toppings, cake fillings, mousse desserts, and frozen desserts Regulatory: FCC, FAO/WHO, EEC compliance Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing powd., neutral milky taste; pH 6.8-7.8 (10% aq.); 60% fat/emulsifier, 10% protein. Storage: 2 yr. shelf life stored under dry, cool conditions (16-24 C) away from odor-intensive prods. Lamesorb® Range [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan esters of fatty acids/polysorbates Uses: Emulsifier for o/w and w/o emulsions for baking Properties: Nonionic Lamesorb® SMO-20 [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 sorbitan oleate See Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier for whipped toppings, ice cream, salad dressing, sauces; dough improver in cakes, baked goods; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

crystallization retarder for confectionery coatings, shortenings; solubilizer for soft drinks; fruit/veg. coating; sugar/yeast defoamer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.840, EU compliance Properties: Yel. visc. liq., neutral odor, sl. bitter taste; HLB 14-16; acid no. < 2; sapon. no. 4555; hyd. no. 65-80; nonionic; < 3% water Storage: 1 yr. storage life in protected drums below 30 C Lauroglycol® 90 [Gattefosse France http://www.gattefosse.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol monolaurate See Propylene glycol laurate CAS 142-55-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-542-3 Uses: Food additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.856; E 477; DMF no. 7818; worldwide food additive status Properties: Oily liq.; faint odor; HLB 5.0; 90% monoesters LBO™ [Cargill Flavor Systems http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/] Uses: Butterfat/cream flavor for food Properties: Paste L-Carnipure® ALC [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride CAS 5080-50-2 Uses: Antioxidant in dietary supplements Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; m.w. 239.70; amphoteric; 98.0-101.0% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat): > 5000 mg/kg; nonirritant to skin; nonmutagenic Environmental: biodeg. Storage: 2 yr shelf life; store in a dry place Lecigran™ 5750 [Riceland Foods http://www.riceland.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, dry blending/instantizing agent for foods, dietary supplements, animal feeds; stabilizer, dispersant for color and flavor suspensions; improves shortening, stabilizes dough structure in baked goods; release agent, dispersant in waffles; egg replacer/extender; emulsifier for oils in baby foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS Properties: Fine powd., superior odor and flavor profile; 97% min. phospholipid 385

Part I: Trade Name Reference Use Level: 0.2-0.5% (baked goods), 1-2% (waffles), 0.4-0.7% (egg replacer), 0.2-1% (baby food), 0.2-1% (instant powds.) Storage: Hygroscopic; store in sealed containers below 25 C; protect from light and moisture Lecigran™ 6750 [Riceland Foods http://www.riceland.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, blending agent for foods, dairy prods., cocoa powd., high protein beverages, gravies, instant/prepared foods, dietary supplements, animal feeds; stabilizer, dispersant for color and flavor suspensions Properties: Extra fine powd.; 97% min. phospholipid Use Level: 0.2-0.5% (dairy prods., meat prods.), 0.2-1% (pudding mixes, coffee whiteners, infant formulas, icings), 0.5% (cocoa powd., egg replacers, ice cream) Lecigran™ A [Riceland Foods http://www.riceland.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled lecithin with 1% flow agent to increase flowability Uses: Emulsifier, blending agent for foods, dairy prods., cocoa powd., high protein beverages, gravies, instant/prepared foods, dietary supplements, animal feeds; stabilizer, dispersant for color and flavor suspensions Properties: Lt. tan to med. yel. fine gran., superior odor and flavor profiles; 97% min. phospholipid Use Level: 0.1-0.5% flour basis (bakery mixes), 0.2-0.5% (meat prods.), 0.2-1% (icings, pudding mixes, coffee whiteners, infant formulas), 0.5% (ice cream, egg replacers), 0.75-1% (caramel) Storage: Hygroscopic; store in sealed containers below 25 C; protect from light and moisture Lecigran™ C [Riceland Foods http://www.riceland.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled lecithin with ≤ 2% tricalcium phosphate to enhance flowability See Calcium phosphate tribasic Uses: Emulsifier, blending agent for foods, dairy prods., cocoa powd., high protein beverages, gravies, instant/prepared foods, dietary supplements, animal feeds; stabilizer, dispersant for color and flavor suspensions Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS Properties: Lt. tan to med. yel. gran., superior odor and flavor profiles; 97% min. phospholipid Use Level: 0.1-0.5% flour basis (bakery mixes), 0.2-0.5% (meat prods.), 0.2-1% (icings, pudding mixes, coffee whiteners, infant formulas), 0.5% (ice cream, egg replacers), 0.75-1% (caramel) Storage: Hygroscopic; store in sealed containers below 25 C; protect from light and moisture Lecigran™ F [Riceland Foods http://www.riceland.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, blending agent for foods, dietary supplements, animal feeds; stabilizer, dispersant for color and flavor suspensions; visc. control agent in icings, filings; softener, plasticizer for chewing gum base; increases smoothness in ice cream Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS Properties: Lt. tan to med. yel. fine gran., superior odor and flavor profiles; 97% min. phospholipid Use Level: 0.3-0.7% (coating compds.), 0.2-1% (icings, fillings), 0.7-2% (chewing gum base), 0.5% max. (ice cream), 2-4% of fat (pet food) Storage: Hygroscopic; store in sealed containers below 25 C; protect from light and moisture Lecigran™ M [Riceland Foods http://www.riceland.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, blending agent for foods, dairy prods., cocoa powd., high protein beverages, gravies, instant/prepared foods, dietary supplements, animal feeds; stabilizer, dispersant for color and flavor suspensions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS Properties: Lt. tan to med. yel. free-flowing gran., superior odor and flavor profile; 97% min. phospholipid Use Level: 0.1-0.5% flour basis (bakery mixes), 0.2-0.5% (meat prods.), 0.2-1% (icings, pudding mixes, coffee whiteners, infant formulas), 0.5% (ice cream, egg replacers), 0.75-1% (caramel) Storage: Hygroscopic; store in sealed containers below 25 C; protect from light and moisture Lecigran™ Super A [Riceland Foods 386

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.riceland.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled lecithin with calcium silicate as flow agent Uses: Emulsifier, blending agent for foods, dietary supplements Properties: Lt. tan to med. yel. free-flowing fine gran.; 94% min. phospholipid Storage: Hygroscopic; store in sealed containers below 25 C; protect from light and moisture Lecigran™ T [Riceland Foods http://www.riceland.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled lecithin with tricalcium phosphate to enhance flowability See Calcium phosphate tribasic Uses: Emulsifier, blending agent for foods, dairy prods., cocoa powd., high protein beverages, gravies, instant/prepared foods, dietary supplements, animal feeds; stabilizer, dispersant for color and flavor suspensions Properties: Powd.; 97% min. phospholipid Lecion LP-1 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin, lactose, dextrose See Glucose CAS 8002-43-5; 63-42-3; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2; 200-559-2; 200075-1 Uses: Quality improver for noodles; o/w emulsifier, dispersant; accelerator for gelatinization of starchy food Leciprime™ 1500 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Fluid soy lecithin Chem. Analysis: 1% max. moisture CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, fat extender, release agent in baked goods; emulsifier, antispatter aid in margarine; visc. control agent in chocolate; flavor carrier in chewing gum; emulsifier, stabilizer in salad dressings; lubricant, extrusion aid in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS Properties: Lovibond color 2.5 max. fluid; disperses readily in oils and forms hydrates/emulsions in water; dens. 1.03 g/cc; visc. 7000 cps; acid no. 30 max.; 62% min. acetone insolubles; 0,1% max. hexane insolubles Use Level: 0.2-0.5% (margarine, chewing gum, salad dressing, batters/breadings), 0.2-1% (chocolate), 0.5-1% (baked goods) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Shelf life 24 mos. when stored @ 20-77 F; ; hygroscopic; store in sealed shipping container; may be heated to below 140 F to facilitate handling Lecisoy 1400 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Fluid lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Visc. reducer for chocolate, confections, and compd. coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400 GRAS Properties: Gardner (undiluted) 17 liq.; visc. 7500 cps; acid no. 28; 62-65% acetone insolubles; 0.7% moisture Storage: Hygroscopic; keep sealed in shipping container until ready for use; store below 25 C; short term heating to facilitate handling is acceptable if surf. temps. are held below 160 F Lecisperse™ 3236 [Riceland Foods http://www.riceland.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Fluid lecithin with soybean oil See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Uses: Dispersant, instantizer, release agent for foods Features: Can be pumped or sprayed undiluted Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS Properties: Gardner (undiluted) 14 liq.; visc. 400 cps; acid no. 25; 34% acetone insolubles; 0.5% moisture Storage: Keep sealed until use @ 50-90 F; hygroscopic Lecitreme™ 40 [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5 Uses: Food emulsifier; improves texture of sauces; prevents dipping in cakes Regulatory: E322 Lecitreme™ 50 [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5 Uses: Food emulsifier; improves texture of sauces; prevents dipping in cakes Regulatory: E322 Lecitreme™ [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Uses: Emulsifier for foods 387

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Free-flowing spray-dried prod. Lemalta Flavor® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Water, malt syrup, imitation rum flavor, sugar, orange oil, lemon oil, algin deriv., imitation butter flavor, vanillin, nutmeg oil, vanilla, glyceryl oleate See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil; Malt extract; Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil; Sucrose Uses: Flavoring agent for cakes and icings Features: Imparts a rich malt and citrus flavor; disperses readily in batter systems or icings Properties: Yellowish brown liq. Use Level: 2-3 oz/100 lb batter or icing Storage: 9 mos. shelf life, best when used before 6 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Lem-O-Fos® 101 [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate FCC, tetrasodium pyrophosphate with natural lemon juice conc. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice; Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 7758-29-4; 7722-88-5; EINECS/ELINCS 213-837-7; 231-767-1 Uses: Antioxidant for meat, poultry, seafood; processing aid, flavor enhancer for fresh beef or pork, chunked or formed meats, cooked meat prods., frozen patties and fillets, and minced fish; binder, sliceability aid for formed rolls and roasts; color retention aid, off-flavor retarder in foods Features: Provides improved succulence Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Yel.-tan gran., lemon odor; 5% max. on 12 mesh, 30% max. through 100 mesh; pH 8.4-9.0 (1%) Toxicology: OSHA:TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust); LD50 (oral, rat) 3900 mg/kg; may cause eye, skin, and resp. tract irritation; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid dusting conditions, heat, extreme humidity, strong acids and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store cool and dry

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lemon - FC, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in beverage applics. requiring cl., non-turbid qualities Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; fresh made lemonade taste; sol. in oil, alcohol, water, PG Use Level: 8-10 ppm as consumed Lemon Base [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: mixt. of Citral, γ-Terpinene, αPinene, d-Limonene, and β-Pinene CAS 5392-40-5; 99-85-4; 7785-26-4; 5989-27-5; 18172-67-3; EINECS/ELINCS 226-394-6; 202794-6; 232-077-3; 227-813-5; 242-060-2 Uses: Flavor in food and beverages Regulatory: SARA §311/312: reportable Properties: Cl., liq.; lemon odor; sol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 0.849; vapor pressure ≈ 2 mm Hg; b.p. 177 C; flash pt. (TCC) 48 C Toxicology: Irritating to skin; may cause sensitization by skin contact Precaution: Keep away from excessive heat, open flames, strong acids and bases; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves and apron when handling Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx and acrid fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from heat and in a tiggtly closed container Lemon Flavor WONF #8545 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nat. lemon oil (> 50%), Nat. expressed lime oil (10-50%), Ethanol (110%), Citral (1-10%) See Alcohol; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil; Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil CAS 8088-56-8; 8088-26-2; 64-17-5; 5392-40-5; EINECS/ELINCS 284-515-8; 290-010-3; 200578-6; 226-394-6 UN 1993 Uses: Lemon flavor for food Features: All natural ; radiant lemon character Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Philippines PICCS; China SEPA/CICS; NJ Right-to-Know; MA, PA Hazardous substance list Properties: Green liq.; lemon-type odor; sol. in alcohol; 10% sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.856; flash pt. (TCC) 64 C 388

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: Ing. may cause lung damage; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong acids, bases and materials that react with unsat. hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters and aldehydes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 1 Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep container tightly closed; avoid prolonged exposure to air LEM, Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mycelium Extract [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Shiitake mycelium extract from Lentinus edodes with 70% dextrose carrier See Glucose Uses: Ingred. for health foods, teas, beverages Features: Polysaccharides, lignins actives Properties: Brn. gran.; max. 20 mesh or finer; sol. in water Storage: 24 mo shelf life Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol 30% [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octacosanol (30-35%), triacontanol (25-40%), dotriacontanol (1018%), hexacosanol (2-10%) See 1Dotriacontanol; 1-Hexacosanol; Myricyl alcohol Uses: Ingred. for dietary supplements, healthy foods including nutraceutical vegetable oils and oil-based spreads Features: Natural waxy alcohol blend; for the support of healthy cholesterol and energy levels Properties: Wh. to off-wh. gran. powd.; sol. in aromatics and aliphatics @ 70-80 C; insol. in water; m.p. 70-82 C; 95% min. alcohols; 5% max. natural hydrocarbons Storage: Store in cool, dry environment protected from heat sources and sunlight Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol 95% [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octacosanol (80-97%) CAS 557-61-9 Uses: Ingred. for dietary supplements and healthy foods Features: For the support of athletic and sexual Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

performance Properties: Wh. to off-wh. gran. powd.; sol. in aromatics and aliphatics; insol. in water; m.p. 70-82 C Storage: 3 yrs. min. shelf life; store in cool, dry environment protected from heat sources and sunlight Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol GF [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octacosanol (8.1%) in a base of maize syrup powd. (90-92%) See Corn syrup solids Uses: Ingred. for sports-type electrolyte replacement and carbohydrate-loading beverages, nutritional supplement tablets or capsules for dietetic and health food applics., e.g., sports endurance supplements, weightloss prods., energy-boosting or stressreducing supplements Features: Natural waxy alcohol blend Properties: 10% max. moisture Storage: Store in cool, dry environment protected from heat sources and sunlight Lesstanol™ Natural Policosanol 60 [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octacosanol (55-70%), 1triacontanol (5-20%), 1-hexacosanol (215%), 1-tetracosanol (0-10%), 1heptacosanol (0-0.5%), See Myricyl alcohol Uses: Ingred. for dietary supplements, healthy foods including nutraceutical vegetable oils and oil-based spreads Features: For the support of healthy cholesterol and energy levels Properties: Wh. to off-wh. gran. powd.; sol. in aromatics and aliphatics; insol. in water; m.p. 70-82 C Storage: 3 yrs. min. shelf life; store in cool, dry environment protected from heat sources and sunlight Levair® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium aluminum phosphate, acidic FCC See Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic CAS 7785-88-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-090-4 Uses: Leavening agent, buffer for baking powds., prepared cake/cookie/muffin/pancake mixes, cereals, producing baked goods with firm yet tender crumb texture, and dry crust with moist eating props., in frozen doughs (with yeast) Features: Slow-acting; exc. buffering action 389

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; < 1% on 60 mesh, 8% on 140 mesh; m.w. 949.9; bulk dens. 50 lb/ft3; neutralizing value 100; pH 2.7 (1% susp.); 95% min. assay Levn-Lite® [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium aluminum phosphate with flow conditioners (calcium carbonate, precipitated amorphous silica) See Silica; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic CAS 7785-88-8; 471-34-1; 61790-53-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-090-4; 207-439-9 Uses: Functional food additive; leavening agent in bakery prods. (refrigerated and frozen prods., commercial baking powds., prepared mixes) Features: Heat-triggered Regulatory: FCC compliance Properties: Anhyd. wh. powd.; 12% max. on 140 mesh Lexol® GT-865 [Inolex http://www.inolex.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Carrier for flavors Properties: APHA 100 max. cl. liq., odorless, tasteless; sol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 0.947; visc. 25 cps; f.p. -19 C; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 335-355; flash pt. (PMCC) 233 C; ref. index 1.4471; 100% conc. Lexol® PG-800 [Inolex http://www.inolex.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol dioctanoate CAS 56519-71-2; EINECS/ELINCS 301-185-3 Uses: Solvent, carrier, vehicle for flavors, fragrance, vitamins Features: Nonoily feel, oxidation stability Properties: Colorless cl. liq., char. odor; sol. in alcohol, min. oil, acetone; sp.gr. 0.918; visc. 10 cps; f.p. -34 C; acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 320-340; flash pt. (COC) 272 C; ref. index 1.4350; 100% conc. Lexol® PG-865 [Inolex http://www.inolex.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate CAS 68583-51-7; EINECS/ELINCS 271-516-3 Uses: Vehicle for flavors, fragrances, vitamins; solubilizer Properties: APHA 100 max. cl. liq., odorless; sol. in alcohol, min. and veg. oil, acetone; sp.gr. 0.922; visc. 10 cps; f.p. -38 C; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 315-335; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flash pt. (PMCC) 195 C; ref. index 1.4391; 100% conc. Storage: Store in tightly closed original containers @ 13-38 C to avoid deterioration or contamination; store bulk liq. under dry inert atmosphere in SS or aluminum vessels Licowax PED 121 [Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariantnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized polyethylene wax See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Wax for citrus fruit coating emulsions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.260, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1620, etc.; BgVV approved Properties: Almost wh. flakes; dens. 0.97-0.99 g/cm3 (20 C); visc. ≈ 200 mPa·s; drop pt. 113118 C; acid no. 16-19 Storage: Store dry @ R.T. Licowax PED 821 [Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariantnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized PE wax See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Protective coating for fruits, vegetables Regulatory: EC, BgVV compliant; FDA §172.260, 175.105, 177.1620 compliant Properties: Almost wh. fine grain; sp.gr. 0.940.96; visc. ≈ 180 mPa·s; acid no. 14-18; drop pt. 102-108 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg Environmental: nontoxic to fish and bacteria Storage: Keep in dry storage @ R.T. Lime Oil 410 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: α-Terpineol (1-10%), γTerpineol (10-50%), d-Limonene (10-50%), Terpinolene (1-10%), Citral (10-50% See γTerpinene CAS 98-55-5; 99-85-4; 5989-27-5; 586-62-9; 5392-40-5; EINECS/ELINCS 202-680-6; 202794-6; 227-813-5; 209-578-0; 226-394-6 UN 1993 Uses: Flavor in food Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Properties: Nearly colorless liq.; lime odor; sol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 0.856; vapor dens. > 1; b.p. 177 C; flash pt. (TCC) 50 C Toxicology: Harmful; skin irritant; may cause skin sensitization; ing. may cause lung 390

Part I: Trade Name Reference damage; TSCA listed Environmental: marine pollutant; toxic to aquatic organisms Precaution: Flamm.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong acids, bases and materials that react with unsat. hydrocarbons and oxygenated terpenes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep container tightly closed; avoid prolonged exposure to air Lime Oil E-96 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: α-Terpineol (10-50%), γTerpineol (10-50%), D-Limonene (10-50%) See γ-Terpinene CAS 98-55-5; 99-85-4; 5989-27-5; EINECS/ELINCS 202-680-6; 202-794-6; 227813-5 UN 1993 Uses: Flavor in food Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Australia AICS Properties: Nearly colorless liq.; lime odor; sol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 0.856; vapor dens. > 1; b.p. 163 C; flash pt. (TCC) 50 C Toxicology: Harmful; skin irritant; may cause skin sensitization; ing. may cause lung damage; TSCA listed Environmental: marine pollutant; very toxic to aquatic organisms Precaution: Flamm.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong acids, bases and materials that react with unsat. hydrocarbons and oxygenated terpenes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep container tightly closed; avoid prolonged exposure to air Linalool 95 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Linalool (98.5%) CAS 78-70-6; EINECS/ELINCS 201-134-4 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan IEC; Korea KECL/ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Cl. liq.; floral odor; sol. 1 in 4 in 60% alcohol; m.w. 154.25; sp.gr. 0.861-0.870; dens. 7.20 lb/gal; vapor pressure ≈ 0.4 mm Hg; vapor dens. 5.3; b.p. 192.8 C; flash pt. (TCC) 80 C; ref. index 1.461-1.465 (20 C); 95% min. act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2790 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) 5610 mg/kg; undiluted liq. may be irritating to skin and eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves; incompat. with strong acids, bases, materials that react with terpene alcohols Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Keep container tightly closed when not in use; keep away from excessive heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; avoid prolonged exposure to air Linalool 925 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol See Linalool CAS 78-70-6; EINECS/ELINCS 201-134-4 UN 1993 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60; DOT regulated Properties: Cl. liq.; m.w. 154.25; sp.gr. 0.863; dens. 7.2 lb/gal; b.p. 192.8 C; flash pt. (TCC) 78.9 C; ref. index 1.463 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2790 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5610 mg/kg; undiluted liq. may irritate eyes and skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Lipase 8 [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Fat-splitting enzyme for removal of yolk lipids from egg albumen; ingred. for vitamin-mineral mixes Features: Min. 8 USP lipase units/mg Properties: Sl. yel. or cream-colored powd., sl. nonoffensive odor 391

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Preserve in tight containers in cool, dry place Lipase 16 [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Fat-splitting enzyme for removal of yolk lipids from egg albumen; ingred. for vitamin-mineral mixes Features: Min. 16 USP lipase units/mg Properties: Sl. yel. or cream-colored powd., sl. nonoffensive odor Storage: Preserve in tight containers in cool, dry place Lipase 24 [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Fat-splitting enzyme for removal of yolk lipids from egg albumen; ingred. for vitamin-mineral mixes Features: Min. 24 USP lipase units/mg Properties: Sl. yel. or cream-colored powd., sl. nonoffensive odor Precaution: Preserve in tight containers in cool, dry place Storage: Preserve in tight containers in cool, dry place Lipase 30 [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Fat-splitting enzyme for removal of yolk lipids from egg albumen; ingred. for vitamin-mineral mixes Features: Min. 30 USP lipase units/mg Properties: Sl. yel. or cream-colored powd., sl. nonoffensive odor Storage: Preserve in tight containers in cool, dry place Lipase A Amano 6 [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase from Aspergillus niger CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of oils and fats for flavor prod.; useful for transesterifications Regulatory: Certified as existing food additive in Japan Properties: Lt. yelsh. to lt. brn. powd.; ≥ 60,000 units/g of lipase act. Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization when inhaled Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store in cool, dry conditions Lipase AP12 [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp; Amano Enzyme USA] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase from Aspergillus niger CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Enzyme Properties: Lt. yel.-brown powd.; sl. peculiar odor and taste; sol. in water; insol. in ethanol; fat digestive act. 12000-15000 u/g ( pH 7) Toxicology: May be a skin irritant; inh. of aerosols or dust may induce sensitization and allergic reactions in sensitized individuals; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Storage: Store container in a cool and dry place Lipase AY Amano 30 [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp; Amano Enzyme USA] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase from Candida rugosa CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Enzyme for dairy processing, fats and oils processing for flavor production and for the production of enzyme modified cheese Regulatory: FDA GRAS; certified as a food additive in Japan Properties: Lt. yel.-brown powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; m.w. 64,000; stable pH range 5.0-8.0; Lipase act. ≥ 30,000 units/g Toxicology: May be a skin irritant; inh. of aerosols or dust may induce sensitization and allergic reactions in sensitized individuals; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store container in a cool and dry place Lipase DF-DS [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Triacylglycerol lipase from Rhizopus oryzae fermentation See Lipase CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 392

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Enzyme for dietary supplement use for improving digestion Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; pH range 2.0- 9.0; Lipase act. ≥ 150 units/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization in allergic individuals when inhaled; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine and aquatic organisms Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry place Lipase DS [Amano Enzyme http://www.amanoenzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase from Aspergillus niger CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Enzyme for dietary supplement use Properties: Lt. ylsh. to lt. brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; pH range 2.0- 9.0; Lipase act. ≥ 120,000 u/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization in allergic individuals when inhaled; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine and aquatic organisms when dissolve with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Storage: Store in cool, dry place Lipase G Amano 50 [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp; Amano Enzyme USA] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase from Penicillium camembertii CAS 9040-75-9 Uses: Enzyme for dairy processing, fats and oils processing Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; stable pH range 4.0- 7.0; Lipase act. ≥ 50,000 units/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization in allergic individuals when inhaled; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine and aquatic organisms when dissolve with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

formation Lipase M Amano 10 [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase from Mucor javanicus CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Enzyme for dairy processing, fats and oils processing Properties: Powd.; ≥ 10,000 units/g lipase act. Lipo GMS 450 [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer for foods, frozen desserts, dairy systems, whipped toppings, confections, chewing gum, baked goods, sweet doughs, and peanut butter Features: General purpose Regulatory: Kosher grade avail. Properties: Wh. bead or flake; HLB 3.6±1; acid no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 165-182; nonionic; 100% act. Lipo GMS 470 [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate SE CAS 11099-07-3 Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer for foods, frozen desserts, dairy systems, whipped toppings, confections, chewing gum, baked goods, sweet doughs, and peanut butter Features: General purpose Regulatory: Kosher grade avail. Properties: Wh. bead or flake; HLB 5.8±1; acid no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 138-152; anionic; 100% act. Lipoec® [Cognis/Nutrition & Health] Chem. Descrip.: Emulsifier blend based on lactated glycerides See Thioctic acid CAS 62-46-4 Uses: Dietary supplement in the food industry Properties: Yel. cryst. powd.; faint odor; sol. in methanol, ethanol, and chloroform; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 206.33; bulk dens. 0.40 g/cc; m.p. 60-62 C; 100% conc. Precaution: Will polymerize @ temp. > 62 C in the presence of moisture when exposed to light Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in a tightly closed container @ R.T. protected from heat and light 393

Part I: Trade Name Reference Lipomic 601 [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mica CAS 12001-26-2; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Uses: Filler, slip agent for foods Features: Controlled particle size distribution; talc replacement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.2496; DOT nonregulated Properties: Off-wh. to gray shiny powd.; 36-40 µ particle size; odorless; insol. in water, most org. solvs.; sp.gr. 2.80; flash pt. none; pH 6-8 (10% aq.); 1% max. moisture Toxicology: Long-term overexposure to high concs. of dust may produce x-ray evidence of dust in the lungs, and may affect respiratory function Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Container may be hazardous when emptied Hazardous Ingredients: May contain < 1% silica (quartz) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None known Storage: Keep containers closed until used; do not store in heat or direct sunlight Liponate GC-K [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Clouding agent, diluent for vitamins, solvent for oil-disp. materials, useful in flavor systems and dietary formulations Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.30; kosher grade Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. oily liq., bland odor and taste; sol. in anhyd. alcohol, min. and veg. oils; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.935-0.955; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 335-360; nonionic Liponate PC [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate CAS 68583-51-7; EINECS/ELINCS 271-516-3 Uses: Clouding agent, diluent for vitamins, solvent for oil-disp. materials, useful in flavor systems and dietary formulations Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.860, 172.856; kosher grade avail. Properties: Colorless cl. liq., bland odor and taste; sol. in min. and veg. oils, ethanol; waterinsol.; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 315-335; nonionic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lipopan 50 BG [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Crumb structure improver, whiteness improver, and dough conditioner and stabilizer Features: Unlocks the natural strengthening potential in flour Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored at 25 C; longer shelf life when stored at 5 C; store under dry and cold condition preferable under refrigeration Lipopan F BG [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Dough strengthener for French- and Turkish-style bread, overnight fermented bread Features: Provides good dough stability, bread volume, and quality Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored at 25 C; longer shelf life when stored at 5 C; store under dry and cold condition preferable under refrigeration Lipopan S BG [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Whitener in Chinese steamed bread Features: Effectively replaces some of the chemical bleaching agents used to give steamed bread its pure white color Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored at 25 C; longer shelf life when stored at 5 C; store under dry and cold condition preferable under refrigeration Liposorb L-20 [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 20 CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: O/w emulsifier, thickener, lubricant for foods (flavor systems, salad dressings, pickles, coffee whiteners, whipped toppings, frozen desserts, baked goods, icings, fillings, and confections); solubilizer for oils Features: Hydrophilic; used in conjunction with Liposorb esters Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; kosher grade avail. 394

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Yel. liq.; HLB 16.7±1; sapon. no. 4050; hyd. no. 96-108; nonionic; 100% act. Liposorb O-20 [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Surfactant for food processing; flavor and color dispersant for pickles; defoamer for beet sugar, yeast processing; wetting agent for poultry defeathering; crystal control agent for salt; solubilizer for oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.840; kosher grade avail. Properties: Yel. liq.; HLB 15.0±1; sapon. no. 4555; hyd. no. 65-80; nonionic; 100% act. Liposorb O-20K [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Surfactant for foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Yel. to lt. amber liq.; bland char. odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.050-1.090; b.p. > 212 F; flash pt. > 300 F; pH 5.5-7.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) < 5 g/kg; nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg.; no known ecological problems Precaution: Keep away from heat and flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, CO Storage: Keep containers closed until use; do not store in heat or direct sunlight Liposorb S [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier, thickener, lubricant, surfactant for foods (coffee whiteners, whipped toppings, frozen desserts, baked goods, icings, fillings, and confectionery coatings) Features: Lipophilic; used with POE Liposorb series Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.842; kosher grade avail. Properties: Cream beads or flakes; HLB 4.7±1; sapon. no. 147-157; hyd. no. 235-260; nonionic; 100% act. Liposorb S-20K [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Emulsifier, defoamer for foods, flavor systems, salad dressings, pickles, coffee whiteners, whipped toppings, frozen desserts, baked goods, icings, fillings, and confections; solubilizer for oils Features: Hydrophilic; used in conjunction with Liposorb sorbitan esters Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.836; kosher grade avail. Properties: Yel. liq. to gel; bland char. odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; b.p. > 212 F; HLB 14.9±1; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 81-96; flash pt. > 300 F; pH 5.5-7.0; nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) < 5 g/kg; nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Keep away from heat and flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, CO Storage: Keep containers closed until use; do not store in heat or direct sunlight Liposorb TS [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan tristearate CAS 26658-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4 Uses: Emulsifier, thickener for coffee whiteners, whipped toppings, frozen desserts, baked goods, icings, fillings, and confectionery coatings Features: Lipophilic; used with POE Liposorb series Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.842; kosher grade avail. Properties: Cream flakes or beads; HLB 2.1±1; sapon. no. 175-190; hyd. no. 65-80; nonionic; 100% act. Liposorb TS-20 [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 65 CAS 9005-71-4 Uses: Emulsifier, defoamer for foods, flavor systems, salad dressings, pickles, coffee whiteners, whipped toppings, frozen desserts, baked goods, icings, fillings, and confections Features: Hydrophilic; used in conjunction with Liposorb sorbitan esters Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.838; kosher grade avail. Properties: Tan solid wax; HLB 10.5±1; sapon. no. 88-98; hyd. no. 44-60; nonionic; 100% act.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Liposorb TS-20K [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 65 CAS 9005-71-4 Uses: Texturizer for cakes, doughnuts, icings; dispersant for nondairy coffee whiteners Regulatory: Kosher; Japan listed Properties: Yel. to tan waxy solid; bland char. odor; sol. in ethanol; sl. sol. in veg. oils; disp. in water; misc. hot with min. oil; sp.gr. 1.1; b.p. > 212 F; flash pt. > 300 F; nonionic Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonhazardous; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Keep containers closed until use; do not store in heat or direct sunlight; keep away from heat and flame Lipovol A [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Avocado (Persea gratissimia) oil See Avocado (Persea gratissima) oil CAS 8024-32-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-428-0 Uses: Conditioner, gloss aid for foods Features: High film gloss and rapid spread Properties: Yel. to green visc. oil, bland char. odor; sol. in oils; sp.gr. 0.908-0.925; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 65-95; sapon. no. 177-198; ref. index 1.460-1.470 Lipovol ALM [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sweet almond (Prunus amygdalys dulcis) oil See Sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) oil CAS 8007-69-0 Uses: Conditioner, gloss aid for foods Features: High film gloss and rapid spread Properties: Pale yel. cl. oily liq., bland, odorless; sol. in min. oil, isopropyl esters, ether, chloroform, benzene, and solv. hexane; waterinsol.; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 95-115; sapon. no. 185-200 Lipovol HS-K [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated soybean oil CAS 8016-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-410-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner for foods Properties: Yel. oil; acid no. 0.5 max.; iodine no. 101-114; sapon. no. 186-197 Lipovol P [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 72869-69-3 Uses: Gloss aid for foods Features: High film gloss Properties: Straw oily liq., bland char. fatty odor; sol. in min. oil and isopropyl esters; insol. in water; acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 90-115; sapon. no. 185-195 Lipovol PAL [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Palm (Elaeis guineenis) oil See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil CAS 8002-75-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-316-1 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner for foods Properties: Off-wh. paste; acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 44-59; sapon. no. 195-205 Lipovol SAF [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil CAS 8001-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-276-5 Uses: Conditioner, gloss aid for foods Features: High film gloss and rapid spread Properties: Yel. oil; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 135-155; sapon. no. 182-202 Lipovol SES [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil CAS 8008-74-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-370-6 Uses: Solvent, vehicle for foods Properties: Yel. cl. liq.; bland char. odor; sol. in isopropyl esters and min. oil; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.916-0.921; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 103-116; sapon. no. 188-195 Lipovol SOY [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Soybean (Glycine soja) oil CAS 8001-22-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-274-4 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner for foods Features: Natural Properties: Yel. oil; acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 120-145; sapon. no. 180-200 Lipovol SUN [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sunflower (Helianthus annus) seed oil See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil CAS 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-273-9 Uses: Conditioner, spreading agent, gloss aid for margarine Properties: Lt. yel. oily liq., bland, char. fatty 396

Part I: Trade Name Reference odor; sol. in min. oil and isopropyl esters; insol. in water; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 120-140; sapon. no. 185-195; 0.05% max. moisture Lipovol WGO [Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil CAS 8006-95-9 Uses: Gloss aid for foods Properties: Yel./brn. oil; char. fatty odor; sol. in oils; insol. in water; acid no. 5 max.; iodine no. 120-140; sapon. no. 175-195 Liquamil-340 [Deerland Enzymes http://www.deerland-enzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bacterial α-amylase of Bacillus subtilis CAS 9000-90-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-565-6 Uses: Antistaling agent in baking; liquefier of adjuncts and removal of starch haze in brewing; viscosity reducer in mfg. of precooked cereals and chocolate syrups Features: Food-grade; exceptional themostability; higher solids can therefore be easily handled and the need to cool prior to enzyme addition is alleviated; no activators required Properties: Wh. to lt. tan amorphous dry powd., free of offensive odor and taste; readily watersol.; 340,000 mwu/g Storage: Activity loss < 10% in 1 yr. stored in sealed containers under cool, dry conditions; 5 C storage extends life Liquamil-1200 [Deerland Enzymes http://www.deerland-enzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bacterial α-amylase of Bacillus subtilis CAS 9000-90-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-565-6 Uses: Antistaling agent in baking; liquefier of adjuncts and removal of starch haze in brewing; viscosity reducer in mfg. of precooked cereals and chocolate syrups Features: Food-grade; exceptional themostability; higher solids can therefore be easily handled and the need to cool prior to enzyme addition is alleviated; no activators required Properties: Wh. to lt. tan amorphous dry powd., free of offensive odor and taste; readily watersol.; 1,200,000 mwu/g Storage: Activity loss < 10% in 1 yr. stored in sealed containers under cool, dry conditions; 5 C storage extends life Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Liquamil 7000 Concentrate [Deerland Enzymes http://www.deerland-enzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bacterial α-amylase of Bacillus subtilis CAS 9000-90-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-565-6 Uses: Antistaling agent in baking; liquefier of adjuncts and removal of starch haze in brewing; viscosity reducer in mfg. of precooked cereals and chocolate syrups Features: Food-grade; exceptional themostability; higher solids can therefore be easily handled and the need to cool prior to enzyme addition is alleviated; no activators required Properties: Wh. to lt. tan amorphous dry powd., free of offensive odor and taste; readily watersol.; 6,000,000-8,000,000 mwu/g Storage: Activity loss < 10% in 1 yr. stored in sealed containers under cool, dry conditions; 5 C storage extends life Liquid Canola Oil [ADM Refined Oils http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Canola oil, low sat. fat, refined, bleached, deodorized See Canola oil CAS 8002-13-9 Uses: Oil for salad dressings, mayonnaise, frying, baking, cooking, processed foods Properties: Cl. brilliant oil, bland flavor; iodine no. 116±3 Liquid Monobac [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids, hydrogenated vegetable oil, acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids, and enzymes CAS 67254-73-3; 68334-28-1; 977093-27-8; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6 Uses: Crumb softener and shelf-life extender for bread, rolls, and fermented goods Properties: Liq. Toxicology: May cause eye and skin irritation; prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis Environmental: readily biodeg. Storage: Store in orig. pkg. in cool, dry place Liquid Vitamin D3 [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cholecalciferolwith edible corn oil See Corn (Zea mays) oil CAS 67-97-0; 8001-30-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200673-2; 232-281-2 Uses: Used in foods, oil dispersions, encapsulated prods., food fortification 397

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: USP, FCC, Ph. Eur. Properties: Yel. cl. liq., sl. char. odor, bland fatty taste; misc. with edible oils/fats; sol. in ether, hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 384.64; sp.gr. 0.9-0.95; visc. 50-90 cps; 100,000 min. IU vitamin D/g Toxicology: Vitamin D: potentially toxic esp. for young children; excessive ingestion may cause hypercalcemia, hypercalcuria Storage: Store @ 70 F; refrigerate if stored for several mos., then hold @ 24 h before opening; close tightly Liquinat® [Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid CAS 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 Uses: Acidulant, pH control agent for foods, soft drinks, preserved fruit, baking materials, margarine, fats, oils, feeds Features: Liq. form permits easier handling and processing Properties: Liq. Litesse® [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydextrose FCC CAS 68424-04-4 Uses: Bulking agent, texturizer, formulation aid, humectant, mouthfeel enhancer, f.p. depressant, sugar replacement for foods, lite prods., frozen desserts, confections, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Replaces functionality lost when sugar is replaced by high-intensity sweeteners Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.841; EU, Japan, JECFA approvals Properties: Wh. to cream-colored powd., odorless, clean neutral taste; very water-sol.; sparingly to insol. in most org. solvs.; pH 2.53.5 (10% aq.); 90% min. assay, 1 calorie/g Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 30 g/kg; may be mild eye irritant; sensitive individuals may experience laxative effect from excessive consumption Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids Storage: Store powd. prod. in well-sealed containers at or below R.T. at low humidity Litesse® II [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydextrose FCC CAS 68424-04-4 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Bulking agent, mouthfeel enhancer, f.p. depressant, texturizer for foods, lite prods., frozen desserts, confections Features: Replaces functionality lost when sugar is replaced by high-intensity sweeteners; provides smooth texture and meltdown Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.841 Properties: Wh. to lt. cream powd., odorless, bland taste; very sol. in water; sparingly to insol. in most org. solvs.; pH 2.5-3.5 (10%); 90% min. assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 30 g/kg; may be mild eye irritant; sensitive individuals may experience laxative effect from excessive consumption Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids Storage: Store in tight containers @ or below R.T. under low humidity conditions Litesse® Ultra™ [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Refined polydextrose (90% min.), 1,6-anhydro-D-glucose (4% max.), sorbitol (6% max.) Uses: Bulking agent, texturizer for foods Properties: Wh. fine powd.; pract. odorless; sl. sweet taste; very sol. in water (≈ 80 g/100 ml @ 20 C); sparingly sol. to insol. in most org. solvs.; m.p. 110-130 C; pH 4.5-6.5 (10% aq.); 4% max. water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 15 g/kg; relatively nontoxic by ing.; may cause skin irritation, sl. eye irritation; not a known skin sensitizer; prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause respiratory irritation; excessive consumption may cause laxation Environmental: EC50 (daphnia magna, 24 h) > 1000 mg/l Precaution: May burn but does not ignite readily; dust-air mixts. may ignite or explode; avoid contact with strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizers, excessive heat, sparks, open flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed containers below 40 C Liver Concentrated Paste [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dried liver extract Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Lt. tan to dk. brn. powd. or paste, char. odor and taste; hygroscopic; partly sol. in 398

Part I: Trade Name Reference water and alcohol Storage: Store in tight containers in cool, dry place Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200 [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, water binder, suspending agent, stabilizer for soft cheese and spreads, bread, cakes, biscuits, frozen pie fillings, sausages, stuffed meat prods., canned pet foods; freeze/thaw stabilizer in ice cream Properties: Wh. to cream-wh. powd., nearly odorless; 97% through 100 mesh, ≥ 25% through 200 mesh; visc. ≥ 2800 cps (1%); pH 5.0-6.4 Locust Bean Gum Type A-100 [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, visc. modifier, water binder, suspending agent, stabilizer for foods (cheese, confections, bakery prods., pie fillings, meat binder, sauces, salad dressings) Properties: Off-wh. to lt. tan powd.; disp. in water; insol. in most org. liqs. Locust Bean Gum Type A-250 [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, visc. modifier, water binder, suspending agent, stabilizer for foods (cheese, confections, bakery prods., pie fillings, meat binder, sauces, salad dressings) Properties: Off-wh. to lt. tan powd.; disp. in water; insol. in most org. liqs. Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, visc. modifier, water binder, suspending agent, stabilizer for foods (cheese, confections, bakery prods., pie fillings, meat binder, sauces, salad dressings) Properties: Off-wh. to lt. tan powd.; disp. in water; insol. in most org. liqs. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lonzest® GMS-C [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monostearate, cosmetic grade See Glyceryl stearate Chem. Analysis: 42-48% alpha monoglycerides, 3% free glycerin CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier for o/w emulsions in foods Properties: Lt.-tan beads or flakes; oil-sol.; HLB 5; acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 168-176; nonionic; 2% max. moisture Lonzest® GMS-D [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monostearate, disp. See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier for foods Properties: Beads; HLB 6; acid no. 3; sapon. no. 143; nonionic Lonzest® GMS-LG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monostearate, low glycerine See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Emulsifier in foods Properties: Beads; HLB 3; acid no. 2; sapon. no. 215; nonionic Lonzest® GMS-TECH [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monostearate, technical See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Emulsifier in foods Properties: Beads; acid no. 3; sapon. no. 163 Lonzest® HPO-40 [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-40 sorbitan tetraoleate Chem. Analysis: 0.5% max. moisture CAS 63089-86-1 Uses: O/w emulsifier for foods Properties: Cl. yel. to amber liq.; mild odor; HLB 13; acid no. 7-12; sapon. no. 95-110; hyd. no. 25-35; nonionic Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from heat and direct sunlight Lonzest® MSA [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monostearate, acid stable See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Surfactant, o/w emulsifier, visc. modifier in foods Features: Acid-stable; electrolyte-resist. 399

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Beads; HLB 11; acid no. 2; sapon. no. 93; nonionic Lonzest® SMO-20 [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer in foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 15.0; nonionic; 100% conc. LoSalt [Klinge Chems. http://www.klingechemicals.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium chloride CAS 7447-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-211-8 Uses: Reduced-sodium salt alternative for cooking and table use Lo-Temp® 452 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from waxy corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, water binder for microwave foods, sauces, gravies, emulsified meats; cold processing aid, moisture control agent, shelf-life/freshness improver, visc. control agent in bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness/sh elf-life/freshness improver, visc. control agent in fruit filling, fruit preps., jams; body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness/sh elf-life/freshness improver in dairy Features: Specialized starch for low temp. processing in neutral and moderately acidic food systems; good freeze/thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., good odor/flavor; 88% through 60 mesh; pH 6.0-7.0 (5%); 5% moisture Lo-Temp® 588 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from waxy corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener for frozen pies, fruit fillings Features: Specialized starch; acid-stable Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 L.S.B. Stabl [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Conc. icing stabilizer designed only to be used in white icings. LSC™ 3070 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin (16-100% by wt.) and mixed triglycerides (0-84% by wt.) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, and/or emulsifier in spreads, confections, baked goods Features: Low-viscosity Regulatory: 21CFR §184.1400 (GRAS); FCC; CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302/311/312/313 nonreportable; kosher Properties: Tranlucent, amber liq.; nut-like odor; negligibly sol. in water; sp. gr. < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid Cl, F, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated place in sealed containers LSC™ 4060 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin (16-100% by wt.) and mixed triglycerides (0-84% by wt.) CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, and/or emulsifier in spreads, confections, baked goods Features: Low-viscosity Regulatory: 21CFR §184.1400 (GRAS); FCC; CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302/311/312/313 nonreportable; kosher Properties: Tranlucent, amber liq.; nut-like odor; negligibly sol. in water; sp. gr. < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid Cl, F, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated place in sealed containers LSC™ 5050 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin (16-100% by wt.) and mixed triglycerides (0-84% by wt.) CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, and/or emulsifier in spreads, confections, baked goods Features: Medium-viscosity Regulatory: 21CFR §184.1400 (GRAS); FCC; CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302/311/312/313 nonreportable; kosher 400

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Tranlucent, brn. liq.; nut-like odor; negligibly sol. in water; sp. gr. < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid Cl, F, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated place in sealed containers LSC™ 6040 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin (16-100% by wt.) and mixed triglycerides (0-84% by wt.) CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, and/or emulsifier in spreads, confections, baked goods Features: Heavy-bodied Regulatory: 21CFR §184.1400 (GRAS); FCC; CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302/311/312/313 nonreportable; kosher Properties: Tranlucent, brn. liq.; nut-like odor; negligibly sol. in water; sp. gr. < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid Cl, F, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated place in sealed containers LSC™ 6040B [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin (16-100% by wt.) and mixed triglycerides (0-84% by wt.) CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, and/or emulsifier in spreads, confections, baked goods Features: Heavy-bodied; bleached version of LSC 6040 Regulatory: 21CFR §184.1400 (GRAS); FCC; CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302/311/312/313 nonreportable; kosher Properties: Tranlucent, brn. liq.; nut-like odor; negligibly sol. in water; sp. gr. < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid Cl, F, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated place in sealed containers LSC™ 6040DB [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin (16-100% by wt.) and mixed triglycerides (0-84% by wt.) CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, and/or emulsifier in spreads, confections, baked goods Features: Heavy-bodied; double-bleached version of LSC 6040 Regulatory: 21CFR §184.1400 (GRAS); FCC; CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302/311/312/313 nonreportable; kosher Properties: Tranlucent, brn. liq.; nut-like odor; negligibly sol. in water; sp. gr. < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid Cl, F, and other strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated place in sealed containers Lucantin® Red [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Canthaxanthine CAS 514-78-3; EINECS/ELINCS 208-187-2 Uses: For pigmentation of egg yolks, skin and legs of broilers Lucarotin® 1 CWD/K [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Beta-carotene See Carotene CAS 7235-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6 Uses: Colorant for foods, feed Properties: Red-orange dry powd.; disperses easily in cold water Storage: 2 yr shelf life when stored in original unopened containers; sensitive light, heat, and moisture Lucarotin® 10 CWD O [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Beta-carotene in a matrix of Modified food starch and Glucose syrup; stabilized with dl-alpha-Tocopherol with tricalcium phosphate as a flow aid See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Carotene; Corn syrup; Food starch, modified; Tocopherol CAS 7235-40-7; 53124-00-8; 8029-43-4; 140618-4; 7758-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6; 232-436-4; 215-798-8; 231-840-8 401

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Colorant for fruit juices, beverages, lemonade, pasta, cheese, soup and instant soup powder, confectionery, biscuits, etc. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Free-flowing br. to red fine powd.; cold-water dispersible; m.w. 536.9; 10% min. act. Storage: 2 yr shelf life when stored in tightly closed, original containers away from light and moisture @ ≤ 25 C Lucarotin® 10 CWD S/Y [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Beta-carotene See Carotene CAS 7235-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6 Uses: Colorant for foods Properties: Dry powd. Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Beta-carotene in a matrix of Modified food starch and Isomalt; stabilized with dl-alpha-Tocopherol, Sodium ascorbatewith tricalcium phosphate as an anticaking agent See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Carotene; Food starch, modified; Tocopherol CAS 7235-40-7; 53124-00-8; 64519-82-0; 140618-4; 134-03-2; 7758-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6; 215-798-8; 205-126-1; 231-840-8 Uses: Colorant for fruit juices, beverages, and other foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Free-flowing dk. red fine powd.; characteristic odor; particle size US Sieve #20 (850 μ) 100% min. thru; cold-water dispersible; m.w. 536.9; 20% min. act. Storage: 3 yr shelf life when stored in tightly closed, original containers away from heat, light and moisture @ ≤ 25 C Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Beta-carotene in a matrix of Modified food starch and Isomalt; stabilized with dl-alpha-Tocopherol, Sodium ascorbatewith tricalcium phosphate as an anticaking agent See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Carotene; Food starch, modified; Tocopherol CAS 7235-40-7; 53124-00-8; 64519-82-0; 140618-4; 134-03-2; 7758-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6; 215-798-8; 205-126-1; 231-840-8 Uses: Colorant for fruit juices, beverages, and other foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Free-flowing dk. red fine powd.; characteristic odor; particle size US Sieve #20 (850 μ) 100% min. thru; cold-water dispersible; m.w. 536.9; 20% min. act. Storage: 3 yr shelf life when stored in tightly closed, original containers away from heat, light and moisture @ ≤ 25 C Lucarotin® 30 M [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Beta-carotene dispersed in Corn oil See Carotene; Corn (Zea mays) oil CAS 7235-40-7; 8001-30-7; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6; 232-281-2 Uses: Dietary supplement and colorant for oils, fats, margarine, butter, processed cheese, cheese spreads, milk replacement prods., ice cream, soups, sauces, fillings of baked goods, and egg prods. Properties: Oily disp. Storage: 36 mos. shelf life for unopened container; store under nitrogen in the tightly sealed, lightproof pkg.; once opened use remaining contents as quickly as possible Lucarotin® 30 SUN [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Beta-carotene dispersed in sunflower oil See Carotene; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil CAS 7235-40-7; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6; 232-273-9 Uses: Dietary supplement and colorant for oils, fats, margarine, butter, processed cheese, cheese spreads, milk replacement prods., ice cream, soups, sauces, fillings of baked goods, and egg prods. Properties: Oily disp. Storage: 36 mos. shelf life for unopened container; store under nitrogen in the tightly sealed, lightproof pkg.; once opened use remaining contents as quickly as possible Lumisorb™ PSML-20 K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 20 CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, bakery, dairy, confectionery, and convenience foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Yel. liq.; sol. in water, alcohol and methanol; sp.gr. 1.1; HLB 16.7; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 40-50; hyd. no. 96-108; nonionic; 100% conc.; 3% max. moisture 402

Part I: Trade Name Reference Lumisorb™ PSML-80 [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-80 sorbitan laurate (80%0 in water (28%) CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, bakery, dairy, confectionery, and convenience foods Properties: Yel. liq.; bland odor; water-sol.; sp.gr. 1.1; b.p. >100 C @ 760mm Hg; HLB 19.4; acid no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 7-15; hyd. no. 25-40; flash pt. >232 C (COC); nonionic; 27-29% moisture Toxicology: May cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 and thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 FCC CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier for ice cream, fruit sherbet, oils and fats, dietary foods, shortenings, whipped toppings; solubilizer in vitamin preps., pickles; surfactant in salt mfg. and BBQ sauce; wetting agent in poultry defeathering; dispersant for gelatins; defoamer in yeast and cheese mfg., food processing; syn. flavor adjuvant; emulsifier in milk replacers for calves Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.840, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.180, 178.3400, 573.860; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable Properties: Yel. cl. liq.; bland odor; sol. in water, alcohol, veg. oils, ethyl acetate, methanol, toluene; forms a gel @ 60% in water; insol. in min. oils; sp.gr. 1.07; dens. 9.0 lb/gal; visc. 400 cps; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; b.p. > 200 C; HLB 15; acid no. 2.0 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 65-80; pour pt. -12 C; flash pt. (COC) 278 C; pH 7 (5% aq.); 3% max. moisture Toxicology: May cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Keep away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion produces CO, CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in closed, factory-sealed containers below 32 C; store and use in well-ventilated area Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lumisorb™ PSMO-20K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier for food processing, frozen desserts; dispersant for flavor oils; flavor enhancer, color enhancer in pickles Features: Improves dryness and melt down in frozen desserts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.836, 172.845, 172.854; also avail. in kosher grade Properties: Yel. liq., bland odor; water-sol.; sp.gr. 1.1; b.p. > 350 F (760 mm); HLB 15.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 65-80; flash pt. (COC) > 150 C; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.05-0.2% Toxicology: May cause eye irritation Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in well-ventilated areas @ 50-120 F; keep away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier for food processing (chocolate, confectionery coatings, panned sugar); aerating agent in cakes; volume improver in icings and fillings; whipping aid in whipped toppings; flavor adjuvant; dispersant in dry coffee whiteners; stabilizer in salad dressings; foaming agent in beverage mixes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.836, 172.854, 173.340, 178.3400, 573.840 Properties: Yel. liq. (may gel on standing), mild odor; water-sol.; sp.gr. 1.1; b.p. > 200 C (760 mm); HLB 14.9; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 81-96; flash pt. (COC) > 175 C; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.05-1% Toxicology: May cause eye irritation Precaution: Avoid oxidizing agents Storage: Store in well-ventilated areas @ 50-120 F; keep away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 LK [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 Chem. Analysis: Moisture 3.0% max. CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier, flavor adjuvant 403

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.836, 172.854; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS; Australia AICS; Korea ECL; Switzerland SWISS; Philippines PICCS Properties: Soft solid; mild odor; water-sol.; sp.gr. 1.1; pour pt. 25 C; b.p. > 200 C (760 mm); HLB 14.9; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 81-96; pH (2% aq.) 6; flash pt. (COC) 266 C; 100% conc. Toxicology: May cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in well-ventilated areas @ 50-120 F; keep away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources Lumisorb™ PSTS-20K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 65 CAS 9005-71-4 Uses: Emulsifier for food processing; dispersant for dry coffee whiteners Properties: Yel. soft solid, bland odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; b.p. > 200 C (760 mm); HLB 10.5; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 88-98; hyd. no. 42-60; flash pt. (COC) > 175 C; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.1-0.3% Toxicology: May cause eye irritation Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion produces CO2, CO, thick smoke Storage: Store in well-ventilated area @ 50-120 F; keep away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources Lumisorb™ SML K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan laurate CAS 1338-39-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-663-3 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Yel. liq.; water-disp.; oil-sol.; sp.gr. 1.0; HLB 8.6; acid no. 7 max.; sapon. no. 158170; hyd. no. 330-358; nonionic; 100% conc. Lumisorb™ SMS KP [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier for food processing (chocolate and confectionery coatings); volume improver in icings and fillings; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dispersant in dry coffee whiteners, flavor oils; syn. flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.842, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 178.3400, 573.960; also avail. kosher Properties: Cream flakes; insol. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; b.p. > 200 C (760 mm); HLB 4.7; acid no. 10 max.; sapon. no. 147-157; hyd. no. 235260; flash pt. (COC) > 175 C; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: May cause eye irritation Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion produces CO2, CO, thick smoke Storage: Store in well-ventilated areas @ 50-120 F; keep away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources Lumisorb™ STS K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan tristearate CAS 26658-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: Kosher; 21 CFR 178.3400 Properties: Tan flakes; insol. in water, veg. and mineral oils; oil-sol.; sp.gr. 1.0; HLB 2.1; acid no. 15 max.; sapon. no. 175-190; hyd. no. 6580; nonionic; 100% conc. Storage: Store in closed, factory-sealed containers at temps <32 C; when stored for prolonged periods of time should be kept under a nitrogen atmosphere Lumulse® GMO K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate CAS 25496-72-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Emulsifier, opacifier, stabilizer for foods, frozen desserts; stabilizer in pet foods, margarine; dough conditioner for tacos and tortillas; flavoring agent Features: Improves overrun in frozen desserts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166, 175.105, 175.320, 176.210, 177.2800, 181.27; also avail. in kosher grade Properties: Yel. opaque liq., bland odor; insol. in water; sol. in ethanol, propylene glycol, org. solvs., veg. and min. oils; sp.gr. 0.95; dens. 8.0 lb/gal; visc. 90 cSt (40 C); b.p. > 200 C (760 mm); HLB 3.4; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 96; sapon. no. 160-170; pour pt. 0 C; flash pt. 215 C; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: May cause eye irritation Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents 404

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Store in well-ventilated areas @ 50-120 F; keep away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources Lumulse® GMR K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl ricinoleate CAS 141-08-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-455-0 Uses: Emulsifier, opacifier, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: Kosher; CFR 175.105 Properties: Amber liq.; nondispersible in water; sp.gr. 0.99; dens. 8.25 lb/gal; nonionic; 100% conc. Lumulse® GMS K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 31566-31-1 Uses: Low HLB emulsifier for use in coffee whiteners, margarines, cheese spreads, sour cream, dips and ice creams in order to improve dispersibility, control consistency and improve emulsion stability.; used to modify fat crystallization and impart self-emulsifying characteristics to oils and shortenings. Regulatory: GRAS; FDA 21CFR §170.3(o), 175.300, 175.320, 176.200, 176.210, 181.27, 184.1324, 184.1505, 184.1(b)(1) Properties: Wh. flakes; bland odor; sol. in fats, oils, waxes; insol. in water; dens. 7.6 lbs/gal; m.p. 51 C; HLB 3.9; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 1.0; sapon. no. 165-176; flash pt. (COC) > 175 C; nonionic Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store in closed, factory sealed container @ < 90 F Lumulse® PGO K [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglyceryl monooleate FCC See Polyglyceryl-3 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Emulsifier for ice cream providing controlled overrun, drier freezer texture, smoother frozen prod.; surfactant for fats and oils in baked goods (coatings, icing bases, fillings, mixes, flavors); emulsifier for oils in margarine, shortenings; antifoam for carbohydrate systems, syrups, jellies, jams, preserves, dietary emulsions, beverage bases, vitamin concs. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; kosher; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable Properties: Yel. to amber liq.; bland odor and taste; disp. in water; sol. in veg. oil, min. oil, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

IPA; sp.gr. 0.98; dens. 8.1 lb/gal; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; HLB 7.0; acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 100; sapon. no. 125-150; flash pt. (COC) > 175 C; nonionic; 100% conc.; negligible volatiles Toxicology: May cause eye irritation; not likely to cause significant skin irritation on prolonged/repeated contact, but thermal burns possible; inh. of vapors may irritate mucous membranes and cause dizziness, nausea Precaution: Keep away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion produces CO, CO2, thick smoke Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in closed, factory-sealed containers below 32 C; store and use in well-ventilated area Lumulse® POE (20) GMSK [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 glyceryl stearate See PEG-20 glyceryl stearate CAS 68153-76-4 Uses: Emulsifier for cakes, icings, whipped toppings; dough conditioner for breads; dispersant for coffee whiteners; controls agglomeration in frozen desserts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.834, Part 136 Properties: Pale yel. semisolid, bland odor; sol. in ethanol, partly sol. in veg. oil, disp. in propylene glycol, water; sp.gr. 1.1 (35 C); b.p. > 200 C (760 mm); acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 65-75; flash pt. (COC) > 300 F; nonionic Use Level: 0.1-0.4% Toxicology: May cause eye, digestive tract irritation; skin irritant on prolonged/repeated contact Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion produces CO, CO2 Storage: Store in closed containers @ 50-120 F; keep away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources Lumulse® POE (100) MS [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-100 stearate See PEG-2 stearate Chem. Analysis: Moisture 1% max. CAS 9004-99-3 Uses: Emulsifier in foods Regulatory: OSHA nonhazardous Properties: Off-wh. solid; Gardner color 2 max.; 405

Part I: Trade Name Reference bland odor; disp. in water; dens. 8.4 lbs/gal; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; vapor dens. >1; evaporation rate <1; m.p. 54-59 C; b.p. > 200 C; HLB 13.6; acid value 1 max.; volatiles < 1%; sapon. value 9-15; hyd. value 15-25; flash pt. (COC) > 350 F Toxicology: May cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers; do not puncture, drag or slide container Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Shelf life 2 yrs.; store in closed, factory sealed container @ 50-120 F; keep away from heat, sparks, flame; keep out of sun Lumulse® S-35 [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol ester Uses: Emulsifier for food processing Properties: Yel. liq.; sp.gr. 0.97; HLB 3.0; pour pt. 5 C; nonionic; 100% conc. Lung Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Lutavit® Niacin Feed Grade [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Nicotinic acid CAS 59-67-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-441-0 Uses: Vitamin reinforcement for foods Lutein DC [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Lutein in a matrix of Gelatin; stabilized with Sucrose; stabilized with Tocopherol, Sodium ascorbate, and Ascorbyl palmitate as antioxidants, with tricalcium phosphate as a flow aid See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Xanthophyll CAS 127-40-2; 9000-70-8; 57-50-1; 1406-18-4; 134-03-2; 137-66-6; 7758-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-840-0; 232-554-6; 200334-9; 215-798-8; 205-126-1; 205-305-4 Uses: Dietary supplement for use in multivitamin-mineral, and lycopene tablets, hard capsules and antioxidant formulations Properties: Free-flowing dk. orange powd.; particle size 20 μ), min 90%; water dispersible (35-40 C); m.w. 536.9; 5% min. act. Storage: 2 yr shelf life when stored in tightly closed, original containers away from light, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

heat, and moisture @ ≤ 25 C Lutein-Beads® [LycoRed USA http://www.lycored.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dry stabilized lutein and zeaxanthin See Xanthophyll Chem. Analysis: 8% moisture; lutein (5%); zeaxanthan (0.25%) Uses: Dietary supplement in food premixes Properties: Lt. red beadlets; char. odor; 100% through #20 U.S. Std. Sieve Storage: Store @ 4 C for optimum stability Luwax® OA 5 [BASF http://www.basf.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Oxidized polyethylene wax See Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Wax for coating of fruits Features: High hardness Regulatory: FDA CFR § 172.260, 176.170/180/210, 172.260, 175.105/125/350, 176.200/300, 177.1200/1210/1390/1400/1620/2600/2800/29 10, 178.3120 Properties: Gran. or powd.; dens. 0.97 g/cc; visc. 410 mm2/s (120 C); m.p. 104 C; drop pt. 110 C; acid no. 16; penetration hardness < 1 dmm Storage: Unlimited shelf life if stored in original containers Lycasin® [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0 Uses: Sweetener for confectionery Features: Reduces hygroscopicity of finished prod.; sufficient visc. to allow its use on industrial confectionery mfg. equip.; cannot be fermented into harmful acids by oral bacteria Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Cl., visc., colorless liq.; sweet taste; miscible in water Lycasin® HBC [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0 Uses: Sweetener for confectionery Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Cl., visc., colorless liq.; sweet taste; miscible in water LycoVit® 10% DC [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Lycopene in a matrix of Modified food starch and Gelatin; stabilized 406

Part I: Trade Name Reference with Sucrose; stabilized with Tocopherol, Sodium ascorbate, and Ascorbyl palmitate with tricalcium phosphate as a flow aid See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Food starch, modified CAS 502-65-8; 53124-00-8; 9000-70-8; 57-50-1; 1406-18-4; 134-03-2; 137-66-6; 7758-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 207-949-1; 232-554-6; 200334-9; 215-798-8; 205-126-1; 205-305-4 Uses: Colorant for foods Properties: Free-flowing dk. red fine powd.; particle size US Sieve #20 (850 μ) min 100 % thru; water dispersible (35-40 C); m.w. 536.9; 10% min. act. Storage: 3 yr shelf life when stored in tightly closed, original containers away from light and moisture @ ≤ 25 C Lyc-O-Mato® 6% [LycoRed Israel http://www.lycored.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lycopene and other natural tomato phytonutrients extracted from tomatoes Chem. Analysis: < 0.5% moisture CAS 502-65-8; EINECS/ELINCS 207-949-1 Uses: Natural tomato oleoresin for use in food Regulatory: USP/NF, GRAS, E 160d, kosher Properties: Visc. dark red liq.; characteristic odor; 6% lycopene Storage: 2 yr. shelf-life; store in original sealed container at 4 C Lyc-O-Mato® 7% [LycoRed Israel http://www.lycored.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lycopene and other natural tomato phytonutrients extracted from tomatoes Chem. Analysis: < 0.5% moisture CAS 502-65-8; EINECS/ELINCS 207-949-1 Uses: Natural tomato oleoresin for use in food Regulatory: USP/NF, GRAS, E 160d, kosher Properties: Visc. dark red liq.; characteristic odor; 7% lycopene Storage: 2 yr. shelf-life; store in original sealed container at 4 C Lyc-O-Mato® 10% [LycoRed Israel http://www.lycored.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lycopene and other natural tomato phytonutrients extracted from tomatoes Chem. Analysis: < 0.5% moisture CAS 502-65-8; EINECS/ELINCS 207-949-1 Uses: Natural tomato oleoresin for use in food Regulatory: USP/NF, GRAS, E 160d, kosher Properties: Visc. dark red liq.; characteristic odor; 10% min. lycopene Storage: 2 yr. shelf-life; store in original sealed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

container at 4 C Lyc-O-Mato® 15% [LycoRed Israel http://www.lycored.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lycopene and other natural tomato phytonutrients extracted from tomatoes Chem. Analysis: < 0.5% moisture CAS 502-65-8; EINECS/ELINCS 207-949-1 Uses: Natural tomato oleoresin for use in food Regulatory: USP/NF, GRAS, E 160d, kosher Properties: Visc. dark red liq.; characteristic odor; 15% lycopene Storage: 2 yr. shelf-life; store in original sealed container at 4 C Lymphatic Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Macaroni Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch; ferrous sulfate; niacin; thiamine mononitrate; riboflavin; tricalcium phosphate; folic acid See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Ferrous sulfate anhydrous; Nicotinic acid; Thiamine nitrate; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Enrichment blend for durum flour Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 0.5 oz/100 lb of durum flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use Maco-O-Line 091 [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Binder, gellant, stabilizer, peeling agent, colorant for foods, esp. for injection brines Features: Rec. where low visc. is required and where finished prod. should have firm/strong texture Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; visc. < 300 cps (5%); pH 7-8 (1%); < 10% moisture Use Level: 0.1-0.3% on final prod. wt. Magnasweet® 100 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium 407

Part I: Trade Name Reference glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0; EINECS/ELINCS 258-887-7 Uses: Sweetener Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Wh. crystalline powd. Magnasweet® 110 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Liq. Magnasweet® 115 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Liq. Magnasweet® 118 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Liq. Magnasweet® 120 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Wh. powd. Magnasweet® 125 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Wh. powd. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Magnasweet® 135 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Wh. powd. Magnasweet® 136 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Liq. Magnasweet® 150 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Wh. powd. Magnasweet® 165 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Wh. powd. Magnasweet® 180 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Wh. powd. Magnasweet® 185 [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 408

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer Regulatory: GRAS; Kosher; Parve Properties: Wh. powd. Magnasweet® [Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 Uses: Flavor enhancer, sweetness potentiator for artificial sweetener systems Features: Synergistic with natural sweeteners Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1408 GRAS Properties: Powd. or presolubilized forms (glycerin or propylene glycol sol'ns.), intense lingering sweetness; hygroscopic; sol. in most solvs. Storage: Exc. long-term shelf stability; avoid unwanted moisture accumulation Magnesium Carbonate 309-S Light [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium carbonate USP Chem. Analysis: MgO (40-43.5%); CaO (0.45%); Fe (0.02%) CAS 546-93-0; EINECS/ELINCS 208-915-9 Uses: Alkali, drying agent, color retention agent, carrier, anticaking agent in foods; filter aid, clarifier in food and beverage processing Regulatory: USP, kosher, SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; 99% through 325 mesh; 99.5% through 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.24; dens. 4-7 lb/ft3 (loose); vapor pressure nil; decomp. pt. 250 C; pH sl. alkaline; > 98% NV Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5-10 mg/m3 respirable fraction (total particulate); nuisance dust; dust may cause eye irritation; inh. of dust may cause nose/throat irritation; ing. may cause diarrhea, abdominal pain; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium carbonate (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: If heated to high temps., may emit metallic oxides, CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Magnesium Carbonate 320-S Heavy [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium carbonate USP Chem. Analysis: MgO (40-43.5%); CaO (0.45%); Cl (0.07%); Fe (0.01%); SO4 (0.30%) CAS 546-93-0; EINECS/ELINCS 208-915-9 Uses: Alkali, drying agent, color retention agent, carrier, anticaking agent in foods; filter aid, clarifier in food and beverage processing Regulatory: USP, Kosher, SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; 97% through 325 mesh; 99.5% through 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.22; dens. 15-22 lb/ft3 (loose); vapor pressure nil; decomp. pt. 250 C; pH sl. alkaline; > 98% NV Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5-10 mg/m3 respirable fraction (total particulate); nuisance dust; dust may cause eye irritation; inh. of dust may cause nose/throat irritation; ing. may cause diarrhea, abdominal pain; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium carbonate (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: If heated to high temps., may emit metallic oxides, CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Magnesium Carbonate 321 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium carbonate USP Chem. Analysis: MgO (40-43.5%); CaO (0.45%); Fe (0.02%) CAS 546-93-0; EINECS/ELINCS 208-915-9 Uses: Alkali, drying agent, color retention agent, carrier, anticaking agent in foods; filter aid, clarifier in food and beverage processing Regulatory: USP, kosher, SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. gran. powd.; 5% through 100 mesh; 15% through 60 mesh, 100% through 20 mesh; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.22; dens. 35-40 lb/ft3 (loose); vapor pressure nil; decomp. pt. 250 C; pH sl. alkaline; > 98% NV Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5-10 mg/m3 respirable fraction (total particulate); nuisance dust; dust may cause eye irritation; inh. of dust may cause nose/throat irritation; ing. may cause diarrhea, abdominal pain; 409

Part I: Trade Name Reference TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium carbonate (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: If heated to high temps., may emit metallic oxides, CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Magnesium Caseinate S [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium caseinate Chem. Analysis: 91.5% protein; 4% moisture; 3.5% ash; 0.8% fat; 0.2% lactose CAS 68409-78-9 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for clinical and enteral formulas, sports and functional food Features: Heat stable; spray-dried; gives a low visc. stable sol'n. with a milky appearance Regulatory: EU compliant Properties: Wh.-cream powd.; bland taste; neutral odor; particle size <315ìm; bulk dens. (tapped) 300 g/l; pH (10% sol'n.) 7.1 Storage: Shelf life 2 yrs when stored in original sealed container @ 5-25 C and 70% max. R.H. in odor free environment Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S7 Light [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium hydroxide USP Chem. Analysis: Mg(OH)2 (95-100.5%); CaO (0.70%); Cl (0.10%); Fe (0.03%); SO4 (0.50%) CAS 1309-42-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-170-3 Uses: Nutrient supplement, pH control agent, processing aid in food prep. Regulatory: USP, Kosher, DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.38; dens. 38.5-45.6 lb/ft3 (loose); vapor pressure none; decomp. pt. 350 C; > 98% NV Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5-10 mg/m3 respirable fraction (total particulate); nuisance dust; may cause mech. irritation to eyes; high airborne levels of dust can cause nose/throat irritation; ing. may cause diarrhea, abdominal pain; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium hydroxide (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: If heated to high temps., may emit metallic oxides Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S9 Medium [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium hydroxide USP Chem. Analysis: Mg(OH)2 (95-100.5%); CaO (0.70%); Cl (0.10%); Fe (0.03%); SO4 (0.50%) CAS 1309-42-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-170-3 Uses: Nutrient supplement, pH control agent, processing aid in food prep. Regulatory: USP, kosher, DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.38; dens. 53.0-59.3 lb/ft3 (loose); vapor pressure none; decomp. pt. 350 C; > 98% NV Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5-10 mg/m3 respirable fraction (total particulate); nuisance dust; may cause mech. irritation to eyes; high airborne levels of dust can cause nose/throat irritation; ing. may cause diarrhea, abdominal pain; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium hydroxide (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: If heated to high temps., may emit metallic oxides Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S12 Heavy [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium hydroxide USP Chem. Analysis: Mg(OH)2 (95-100.5%); CaO (0.70%); Cl (0.10%); Fe (0.03%); SO4 (0.50%) CAS 1309-42-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-170-3 Uses: Nutrient supplement, pH control agent, processing aid in food prep. Regulatory: USP, kosher, DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.38; dens. 65.5-78.0 lb/ft3 (loose); vapor pressure none; decomp. pt. 350 C; > 98% NV Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5-10 mg/m3 respirable fraction (total particulate); nuisance dust; may cause mech. irritation to eyes; high airborne levels of dust can cause nose/throat irritation; ing. may cause diarrhea, abdominal pain; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids 410

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium hydroxide (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: If heated to high temps., may emit metallic oxides Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S Xtra Light [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium hydroxide USP Chem. Analysis: Mg(OH)2 (95-100.5%); CaO (0.70%); Cl (0.10%); Fe (0.03%); SO4 (0.50%) CAS 1309-42-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-170-3 Uses: Nutrient supplement, pH control agent, processing aid in food prep. Regulatory: USP, kosher, DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.38; dens. 25-38 lb/ft3 (loose); vapor pressure none; decomp. pt. 350 C; > 98% NV Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5-10 mg/m3 respirable fraction (total particulate); nuisance dust; may cause mech. irritation to eyes; high airborne levels of dust can cause nose/throat irritation; ing. may cause diarrhea, abdominal pain; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium hydroxide (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: If heated to high temps., may emit metallic oxides Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Magnesium Oxide 310-FCC Heavy [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium oxide Chem. Analysis: MgO (99%); CaO (0.08%); Cl (0.10%); Fe (0.004%) CAS 1309-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-171-9 Uses: Alkali, neutralizer in foods and food processing Regulatory: USP, DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 3.46; dens. (bulk) 25 lb/ft3 (loose); vapor pressure nil; m.p. 5792 F; b.p. 3200 C (1 atm); ≈ 100% Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids; reacts exothermically with water to form insol. magnesium hydroxide Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium oxide (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Magnesium Oxide 310-S Heavy [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium oxide USP Chem. Analysis: MgO (96.0-100.5%); CaO (1.00%); Cl (0.03%); Fe (0.05%); SO4 (0.75%) CAS 1309-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-171-9 Uses: Alkali, neutralizer in foods and food processing Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; 99% through 325 mesh; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 3.46; dens. 1925 lb/ft3 (loose); vapor pressure nil; m.p. 5166 F; b.p. 3200 C (1 atm); > 96% NV Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 respirable fraction (total particulate); nuisance dust; ing. may cause nausea, vomiting, GI upset, diarrhea; inh. of dust can cause nasal/respiratory tract irritation; may cause sl. eye irritation, redness, pain; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids; reacts exothermically with water to form insol. magnesium hydroxide Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium oxide (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Magnesium Oxide 310-SGR Heavy [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium oxide Chem. Analysis: MgO (96.0-100.5%); CaO (1.00%); Cl (0.10%); Fe (0.05%); SO4 (0.75%) CAS 1309-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-171-9 Uses: Alkali, neutralizer in foods and food processing Regulatory: USP, DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; 1.0-8.0% through 100 mesh; insol. in water; sp.gr. 3.46; dens.56-75 lb/ft3 (packed); vapor pressure nil; m.p. 5792 F; b.p. 3200 C (1 atm); ≈ 100% Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids; reacts exothermically with water to form insol. 411

Part I: Trade Name Reference magnesium hydroxide Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium oxide (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Magnesium Oxide 310-SH Heavy [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium oxide USP Chem. Analysis: MgO (96.0-100.5%); CaO (1.00%); Cl (0.03%); Fe (0.05%); SO4 (0.75%) CAS 1309-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-171-9 Uses: Alkali, neutralizer in foods and food processing Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; 99% through 325 mesh; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 3.46; dens. 2531 lb/ft3 (bulk); vapor pressure nil; m.p. 5166 F; b.p. 3200 C (1 atm); > 96% NV Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 respirable fraction (total particulate); nuisance dust; ing. may cause nausea, vomiting, GI upset, diarrhea; inh. of dust can cause nasal/respiratory tract irritation; may cause sl. eye irritation, redness, pain; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids; reacts exothermically with water to form insol. magnesium hydroxide Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium oxide (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Magnesium Oxide 311-S Light [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium oxide USP Chem. Analysis: MgO (96.0-100.5%); CaO (1.00%); Cl (0.03%); Fe (0.05%); SO4 (0.75%) CAS 1309-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-171-9 Uses: Alkali, neutralizer in foods and food processing Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; 99% through 325 mesh; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 3.46; dens. 1219 lb/ft3 (loose); vapor pressure nil; m.p. 5166 F; b.p. 3200 C (1 atm); > 96% NV Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 respirable fraction (total particulate); nuisance dust; ing. may cause nausea, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

vomiting, GI upset, diarrhea; inh. of dust can cause nasal/respiratory tract irritation; may cause sl. eye irritation, redness, pain; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids; reacts exothermically with water to form insol. magnesium hydroxide Hazardous Ingredients: Magnesium oxide (100%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Magnesium Stearate 2311-G [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium stearate FCC CAS 557-04-0; EINECS/ELINCS 209-150-3 Uses: Dietary supplement, defoamer in foods Features: Vegetable grade Properties: 98% max. through 200 mesh; bulk dens. 0.16 g/ml; m.p. 130-145 C; 4% max. moisture; 7.2-8.0% oxide Magnesium Stearate NF FGD [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium stearate NF CAS 557-04-0; EINECS/ELINCS 209-150-3 Uses: Lubricant, anticaking agent, flow aid for food powds. Features: Nonaq. Properties: 99.8% through 325 mesh; apparent dens. 20 lb/ft3; m.p. 135-156 C; 6% max. moisture Mag-nificent [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimagnesium phosphate trihydrate FCC See Magnesium phosphate dibasic CAS 7782-75-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-823-5 Uses: Nutritional source of magnesium and phosphorus in infant formula and diet beverages; pH control agent, dietary supplement, flow aid in foods Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd. or grans.; odorless; sl. sol. in water; sol. in dilute acid; pH neutral sol'n. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10,000 mg/kg; sl. irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, dry place Magox® Feed Grade [Premier Chems. http://www.premierchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Nat. magnesium oxide (89.5% 412

Part I: Trade Name Reference min.) CAS 1309-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-171-9 Uses: For mineral premixes, feed supplements, and other applics. for livestock and poultry Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Sol. 98-99% in 0.4% HCl; 63% on 100 mesh; bulk dens. 960 kg/m3; Mg (54% min.), CaO (3.2%) Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; hygroscopic, protect from atm. Magox® Feed Grade 100 [Premier Chems. http://www.premierchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Nat. magnesium oxide (89% min.) CAS 1309-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-171-9 Uses: For mineral premixes, feed supplements, and other applics. for livestock and poultry Regulatory: GRAS Properties: 20% max. on 100 mesh; bulk dens. 960 kg/m3; Mg (54% min.), CaO (3.2%) Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; hygroscopic, protect from atm. Magox® Sugar Grade [Premier Chems. http://www.premierchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium oxide (93.72%) CAS 1309-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-171-9 Uses: Neutralizer for raw cane and beet sugar juice; scale inhibitor in juice heaters, evaporators, & juice lines Properties: 91% min. on 400 mesh; bulk dens. 40 lb/ft3 (loose), 58 lb/ft3 (tapped) Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; hygroscopic, protect from atm. Maisine® [Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; Gattefosse Spain http://www.gattefosse.es] Chem. Descrip.: Corn glycerides CAS 85536-08-9; EINECS/ELINCS 287-489-6 Uses: Food emulsifier for ice creams, sauces, bread, and rice cakes Properties: Liq.; HLB 3.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Maisine® 35-1 [Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; Gattefosse Spain http://www.gattefosse.es] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monolinoleate See Glyceryl linoleate CAS 2277-28-3; EINECS/ELINCS 218-901-4 Uses: Food additive Regulatory: EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §184.1505 GRAS, FCC, E471, JSFA compliance; DMF no. 5797 Properties: Oily liq.; faint odor; HLB 3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Maitake Mushroom Extract [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maitake mushroom extract from Grifola frondosa with 20% dextrose carrier See Glucose Uses: Ingred. for health foods, beverages Properties: Brn. fine powd.; min. 20 mesh or finer; partly sol. in water Storage: 24 mo shelf life Maldex 150 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 15 DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bulking agent, dispersing agent in baby foods, sport drinks, confectionery, dry mixes; energy source, encapsulant or carrier in spray-drying applics.; chewability aid in chews and caramels; foam stabilizer in gums and jellies Properties: Powd. Use Level: ≤ 10% of total sugars Maldex 180 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 18 DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bulking agent, dispersant in baby foods, sport drinks, confectionery, dry mixes; energy source, encapsulant or carrier in spray-drying applics.; chewability aid in chews and caramels; foam stabilizer in gums and jellies Properties: Powd. Use Level: ≤ 10% of total sugars Maldex G 180 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bulking agent, dispersant in baby foods, sport drinks, confectionery, dry mixes Properties: Agglomerated powd. Malta*Gran® 10 [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn maltodextrin Uses: Bulking agent, crystallization inhibitor, mouthfeel enhancer for nutritional beverages, cocoa and tea mixes, frostings, glaze mixes, cheese sauces, soup mixes; carrier for ingreds. 413

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Very low sweetness; reduces bulk dens. of dry mixes; dustless and free-flowing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Wh. powd.; 10% max. on 20 mesh, 90% min. on 200 mesh; bland odor/taste; rapid sol. in cold or hot water; bulk dens. 0.24-0.30 g/cc; pH 4.1-5.0; DE 8-12; 4.8% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Malta*Gran® 18 M [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn maltodextrin Uses: Bulking agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Wh. powd.; 10% max. on 20 mesh, 90% min. on 200 mesh; bland odor/taste; bulk dens. 0.32-0.36 g/cc; pH 4.1-5.0; DE 16-20; 5% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Maltisorb® 75/75 [Roquette http://www.roquette.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0 Uses: Sweetener for cereals, milk prods., dry mixes, tablets, snacks, marzipan Features: Sucrose substitute Regulatory: USP/NF, EP, JECFA Properties: Powd.; sweet taste; freely sol. in water; visc. 2400 mPa.s Maltisweet™ 3145 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol sol'n. NF CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0 Uses: Caloric sweetener, flavor enhancer in foods, esp. fruit flavors, chewing gum, cookies, cakes, cream centers, dried fruit, fillings, frozen desserts, fudge, gummi candies, hard candy, health bars, jams, jellies, pancake syrups, sauces, soft confections, sports beverages Features: Noncrystallizing; FDA caloric value 3 calories/g; does not promote tooth decay; slowly absorbed for reduced rise in blood glucose and insulin response Properties: Clear, visc. liq.; sweet taste; sol. in water and ethyl alcohol; misc. in glycerin and propylene glycol in all proportions; insol.in veg. and min. oils; visc. ≈1700 cps; b.p. ≈105 C; flash pt. >150 C; 75% sol'n., 65% act. on Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dry basis Maltisweet™ 6580 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol Chem. Analysis: Water ≈ 20% Uses: Sweetener in bakery, confectionery; replacement for sucrose in sugar-free applics. Properties: Cl. to opaque, visc. liq.; visc. 15,000 cps; pH neutral; 80% solids Maltisweet™ 6585 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol Chem. Analysis: Water ≈ 15% Uses: Sweetener in bakery, confectionery; replacement for sucrose in sugar-free applics. Properties: Cl. to opaque, visc. liq.; visc. 82,500 cps; pH neutral; 85% solids Maltisweet™ B [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol Chem. Analysis: Water ≈ 25% Uses: Sweetener in food, confectionery, nutritional bars, hard candy, soft confections, caramel, taffy; replacement for sucrose in sugar-free applics. Properties: Cl. syrupy liq.; visc. 3500 cps; pH 5.0-7.5 (14% w/w in water) Maltisweet™ CM 40 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol Chem. Analysis: Water < 1% Uses: Sweetener, bulking agent in sugar free, reduced calorie and light prods. Features: 90% the sweetness of sucrose and 2.1 cal/g; medium hygroscopicity Regulatory: FCC Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; particle size 98% through #40 US seive; m.w. 344; m.p. 144-147 C Maltisweet™ CM 100 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol Chem. Analysis: Water < 1% Uses: Sweetener, bulking agent in sugar free, reduced calorie and light prods. Features: 90% the sweetness of sucrose and 2.1 cal/g Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; particle size 414

Part I: Trade Name Reference 95% through #100 US seive; m.w. 344; sol. 175 g/ 100 ml water; m.p. 144-147 C Maltisweet™ CM 9820 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: maltitol Chem. Analysis: Water < 1% Uses: Replacement for sugar Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; particle size > 95% through 840 micron sieve; sol. 175 g/100 ml water; m.w. 344; m.p. 144-147 C Maltisweet™ CM Fines [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: maltitol Chem. Analysis: Water < 1% Uses: Replacement for sugar in most food and confectionery applics. Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; particle size > 95% through 100 US sieve; sol. 175 g/100 ml water; m.w. 344; m.p. 144-147 C Maltisweet™ IC [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol syrup Uses: Sweetener; replacement for sucrose and corn syrup solids in no-sugar-added ice cream prods. Properties: Cl. syrupy liq.; m.w. 344; visc. 1700 cps; m.p. 144-152 C; pH 5.0-7.5 (14% w/w in water) Maltisweet™ M95 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol Chem. Analysis: Moisture 33-35% Uses: Sweetener in bakery, confectionery, frozen dairy, food, nutritional bars, soft cookies, muffins, cakes, pie fillings, spreads, cake and yeast-raised doughnuts, sweet breads, pastries, sugar-free prods. Properties: Cl., visc. liq.; visc. 90 cps; pH 5.0-8.0 (20% sol'n.) Maltisweet™ MH65 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol Uses: Sweetener in hard candy, caramel applics. Properties: Cl. syrupy liq.; visc. 2300 cps; pH 5.0-7.5 (14% w/w/ in water) Maltisweet™ MH80 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Sweetener in sugar-free, hard candy Features: Improved flavor release; equivalent stability to sugar candy; no surface recrystallization; reduces/eliminates the use of high intensity sweetener Maltoferm® 10001 [Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Ingred. Innovations http://www.ingredientinnovations.com] Chem. Descrip.: Malted barley extract See Malt extract CAS 8002-48-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-310-9 Uses: Flavoring agent for foods Features: Nondiastatic; provides rich natural malt flavor Properties: Free-flowing powd. Precaution: Grain dust explosion possible Storage: Hygroscopic Maltoferm® 10001 VDK [Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Ingred. Innovations http://www.ingredientinnovations.com] Chem. Descrip.: Malted barley extract See Malt extract CAS 8002-48-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-310-9 Uses: Flavoring agent, colorant in foods Features: Provides rich natural malt flavor and dark color; nondiastatic Properties: Free-flowing powd. Precaution: Grain dust explosion possible Storage: Hygroscopic Maltoferm® A-6001 [Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Ingred. Innovations http://www.ingredientinnovations.com] Chem. Descrip.: Malted barley extract See Malt extract CAS 8002-48-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-310-9 Uses: Colorant for foods Features: Provides soluble color Properties: Dk. red. to blk. free-flowing powd. Storage: Hygroscopic Maltrin® M040 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutritive polymer, moisture binder/stabilizer, texturizer in baked goods, cheese prods., processed meats; fat replacement in margarine, confectionery coatings; film-former in spray-drying, encapsulation; cryst. inhibitor in ice cream; anticaking agent; fat and oil replacement; pan coatings; soup and gravy mixes; nonbrowning carrier for drying sensitive 415

Part I: Trade Name Reference prods. Features: Nonsweet; adds sol'n. visc., good mouthfeel Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Wh. powd., bland flavor; can be dissolved up to 40% in water; bulk dens. 0.51 g/cc (packed); DE 5; pH 4-5; 6% max. moisture Maltrin® M050 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutritive polymer, film-former, visc. builder, opacifier, mouthfeel enhancer for foods, beverages, pan coatings, soup and gravy mixes; nonbrowning carrier for drying sensitive prods.; thickener for food systems Features: Nonsweet Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Wh. powd.; can be dissolved up to 40% in water yielding opaque syrup; bulk dens. 0.56 g/cc (packed); DE 5; pH 4-5 Maltrin® M100 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutritive polymer, carrier, filler, extender, bulking agent for foods, dry mixes, spray-dried foods, frozen foods, confections, bakery goods, nondairy prods., snack foods; bloom control agent, moisture control agent in hard candy Features: Nonsweet Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Wh. powd., bland, low sweetness; disp. readily to produce cl. sol'ns. at 30%; bulk dens. 0.56 g/cc (packed); DE 10; pH 4.0-4.7 (20%); 6% max. moisture Maltrin® M150 [Grain Processing Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutritive polymer, bulking agent, bodying agent, diluent, binder, filler, filmformer, humectant for foods, cake and cookie mixes, confections, frozen desserts, glazes, dehydrated foods, flavored syrups; carrier for seasonings, artificial sweeteners, other powd. food specialties Features: Very slightly sweet; directly compressible Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Wh. powd.; disp. to produce cl. sol'n. at 50%; bulk dens. 0.61 g/cc (packed); DE 15; pH 4.0-4.7 (20%); 6% max. moisture Maltrin® M180 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutritive polymer; bulking agent, bodying agent, diluent, binder, film-former for foods, cake and cookie mixes, confections, frozen desserts, glazes, dehydrated foods, flavored syrups; carrier for seasonings, artificial sweeteners, other powd. specialties Features: Slightly sweet; directly compressible Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Wh. powd., bland; disp. easily to produce cl. sol'ns. up to 60%; bulk dens. 0.63 g/cc (packed); DE 18; pH 4.0-4.7; 6% max. moisture Maltrin® M200 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Coating agent, binder, mouthfeel enhancer foods, coffee whiteners, glazes, cake and cookie mixes, frozen desserts, fondants, frozen egg prods., meringue and icing powds., whipped prods., nut coatings, meat systems Features: For prods. where clarity, blandness, 416

Part I: Trade Name Reference and rapid dispersibility are important; directly compressible Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §168.121, 184.1865, GRAS Properties: Wh. powd.; disp. rapidly in cold or hot water to produce cl. sol'n. at 60%; bulk dens. 0.64 g/cc (packed); DE 20; pH 4.0-4.7 (20%); 6% max. moisture Maltrin® M250 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Binder, mouthfeel enhancer for foods, coffee whiteners, imitation dairy prods., peanut butter, citrus powds., frozen desserts, dry mixes, beverages, dried eggs; spray drying aid Features: Dried glucose syrup; directly compressible Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §168.121, 184.1865, GRAS Properties: Wh. powd., sl. sweet, no undesirable aftertaste; disp. rapidly in hot or cold water to produce cl. sol'n. at 70%; bulk dens. 0.67 g/cc (packed); DE 25; pH 4.5-5.5; 6% max. moisture Maltrin® M510 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutritive polymer, binder, carrier, diluent, sweetness regulator for foods, dry mixes; carrier for artificial sweeteners, seasonings, and other powd. food specialties Features: Flowable form of Maltrin M100; exc. dispersibility and dissolution; directly compressible; improves hardness, friability; low hygroscopicity Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Wh. free-flowing fine gran., bland; disp. easily to produce cl. sol'ns. to 30%; bulk dens. 0.56 g/cc (packed); DE 10; pH 4.0-4.7. Maltrin® M520 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Carrier, filler, mouthfeel enhancer for Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

low-moisture food systems (cookie fillings, icings, frostings with smooth mouthfeel), finely milled dry blends (powdered sugar, spices) Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Wh. fine powd., bland, low sweetness; 10% min. on 200 mesh; bulk dens. 34 lb/ft3 (packed); DE 9-12; pH 4.0-4.7 (20%); 6% max. moisture Maltrin® M700 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agglomerated maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutritive polymer, bulking agent, carrier, solubilizer, emulsifier for absorbed components in foods, dry mixes (esp. low calorie or high flavored mixes); carrier for most nonaq. liqs. (flavor oils, veg. oils) Features: Agglomerated form of Maltrin M100; exc. dissolution; inert Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Free-flowing gran.; neutral flavor; disp. easily to cl. sol'n. @ 30% solids, opaque sol'n. > 40% solids; bulk dens. 0.13 g/cc (packed); DE 9-12; pH 6.0-7.0 (20%); 6% max. moisture Maltrin® QD M440 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agglomerated maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutritive polymer, binder, diluent, flow aid for foods Features: Agglomerated form of Maltrin M040; exc. dispersibility and dissolution Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Wh. free-flowing gran. powd., bland; 90% min. on 200 mesh, 10% max. on 20 mesh; quickly dispersible at levels to 15% in water; bulk dens. 0.30 g/cc (packed); DE 4-7; pH 4.0-5.1 (20%); 6% max. moisture 417

Part I: Trade Name Reference Maltrin® QD M500 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agglomerated maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutritive polymer, binder, diluent, flow aid, sweetness regulator for foods Features: Agglomerated form of Maltrin M100; exc. dispersibility and dissolution; directly compressible; improves hardness, friability; low hygroscopicity Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Wh. free-flowing gran., bland, neutral flavor; 90% min. on 200 mesh, 10% min. on 20 mesh; quickly disp. in water to 30%; bulk dens. 0.34 g/cc (packed); DE 9-12; pH 4.0-5.1. Maltrin® QD M550 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agglomerated maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutritive polymer, binder, carrier, diluent, flow aid for foods Features: Agglomerated form of Maltrin M150; exc. dispersibility and dissolution; directly compressible Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Wh. free-flowing gran.; 87% on 200 mesh, 4% on 20 mesh; quickly disp. up to 50% solids; bulk dens. 0.37 g/cc (packed); DE 1317; pH 4.0-5.1; 6% max. moisture Maltrin® QD M580 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agglomerated maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Nutritive polymer, binder, diluent, flow aid for foods Features: Quick dispersing; high rate of sol'n., exc. particulate str. Regulatory: 9CFR §318.7(c)(4), 319.140, 319.143, 319.182, 319.180, 319.181, 319.281, 319.300, 319.301, 319.306, 319.312, 381.147(f)(4), 381.159, 381.160; 21CFR §184.1444, GRAS Properties: Wh. free-flowing gran., bland; 10% max. on 20 mesh, 85% min. on 200 mesh; quickly disp. in water to 60% conc.; absorbs up Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

to 10-11% moisture remaining free-flowing; bulk dens. 0.40 g/cc (packed); DE 16.5-19.5; pH 4.0-5.1; 6% max. moisture Maltrin® QD M600 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agglomerated corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Nutritive polymer, binder, carrier, bulking agent, diluent, flow aid for foods Features: Agglomerated form of Maltrin M200; quick dispersing; directly compressible Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §168.121, 184.1865, GRAS Properties: Wh. free-flowing gran., bland, sl. sweet; 87% on 200 mesh, 4% on 20 mesh; quickly disp. in water to 60% conc.; bulk dens. 0.40 g/cc (packed); DE 20-23; pH 4.0-5.1 (20%); 6% max. moisture Mammary Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Freeze-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Mango Flakes Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: flesh of ripe mango and green banana (15%) as carrier Chem. Analysis: 3% max. moisture; 2.8% protein; 0.5% fat; 93% carbohydrates Uses: Mango flavor for dry fruit preparations, powdered drinks, nectars, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, frozen desserts, and soft food diets Features: Produced by ripening, blanching, extracting, dosing the green banana and then drum drying it Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified, GMO compliant Properties: Yel. flakes; mashed mango odor;/flavor/color; 12% retained thru US 20 mesh; dens. 190-260 g/l Use Level: One part flakes to six parts water Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed, original containers Mango Powder Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: flesh of ripe mango and green banana (15%) as carrier Chem. Analysis: 3% max. moisture; 2.8% protein; 0.5% fat; 93% carbohydrates 418

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Mango flavor for dry fruit preparations, powdered drinks, nectars, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, frozen desserts, and soft food diets Features: Produced by ripening, blanching, extracting, dosing the green banana and then drum drying and milling it Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified, GMO compliant Properties: Yel. powd.; mashed mango odor;/flavor/color; 5% retained thru US 60 mesh; dens. 480-560 g/l Use Level: One part powder to six parts water Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed, original containers Mannogem™ [SPI Polyols http://www.spipolyols.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltitol Uses: Sweetener in chewing gum, chocolate, confectionery Regulatory: USP, FCC, FDA 21 CFR §180.25 Properties: Wh. crystalline powd. particle size 98% through #40 US sieve; sol. 22 g/100 ml water; m.w. 182; m.p. 165-169 C; pH 4.0-7.5 (10% w/w in water) Use Level: 98% in pressed mints; 40% in soft candy; 31% in chewing gum; 15% in nonstandardized jams and jelly; 8% in confections, frostings, 5% in other candy, cough drops; < 2.5% in other unstandardized foods Manucol® DH [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Thickener, gellant, stabilizer for bakery glazes, filling creams, cheesecake toppings, cheese spreads, processed cheeses, instant puddings, aspics Regulatory: DOT not regulated; FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS; Australia AICS Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 250 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 65 mPa·s; pH neutral Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) > 4.7; dry powd. may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear gloves, safety glasses; slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store in cool, dry place out of direct sunlight; keep container tightly closed Manucol® DM [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, film-former for ice cream, chilled desserts, softer reversible gels, bakery fillings Regulatory: DOT not regulated; FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS; Australia AICS Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 250 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 250 cps (1%), 5500 cps (2%); pH 6.0. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) > 4.7; dry powd. may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear gloves, safety glasses; slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place out of direct sunlight; keep container tightly closed Manucol® DMF [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, film-former for bakery filling creams, softer reversible gels, structured fish, potato prods. Regulatory: DOT not regulated; FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS; Australia AICS Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 105 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 300 cps (1%), 7000 cps (2%); pH 6. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) > 4.7; dry powd. may cause eye irritation; nuisance dust; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear gloves, safety glasses; slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place out of direct sunlight; keep container tightly closed

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Manucol® JKT [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Specialty algin blend requiring addition of a food-grade acid or calcium salt Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, film-former for foods (structured glacé fruit, high solids fillings, bakery fillings, bakery jellies, dry mixes, instant puddings, instant mousses, egg prods.) Properties: 250 mesh; pH 7. Manucol® LB [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, film-former for foods (softer reversible gels, bakery fillings) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 355 µ particle size; 40 mesh; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 150 cps (1%), 1500 cps (2%); pH 6 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers MANUCOL® SMF [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Alginate and sucrose See Algin CAS 9005-38-3; 57-50-1 Uses: Thickener, gellant, stabilizer used for bakery filling creams, cheesecake toppings, chilled desserts, and instant puddings Regulatory: DOT not regulated; FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Properties: Wh. to ylsh. brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; pH ≈ 7 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) > 4.7; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear gloves, safety glasses; slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place out of direct sunlight; keep container tightly closed Manucol® Ester B [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Foam stabilizer for beer; flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.858, EU E405 compliance Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 250 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 20 cps (1%), 110 cps (2%); pH 4.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Manucol® Ester ER/K [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Emulsifier, thickener, stabilizer for fermented milks, fruit drinks, citrus concs.; flavoring agent Features: Hydrates readily in hot or cold water; surf. active Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.858, EU E405 compliance; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS; Australia AICS Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 355 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 125 cps (1%), 1120 cps (2%); pH 4.0 (1% sol'n) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear gloves, safety glasses; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store in tightly closed container in cool, dry place out of direct sunlight; hygroscopic Manucol® Ester M [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Alginic acid, ester wth 1,2propanediol See Propylene glycol alginate CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Emulsifier, thickener, stabilizer for confectionery, pourable dressings, mustard/mint sauces, meringues, yogurt/fruit preps., fruit drinks, citrus concs., topping syrups; flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.858, EU E405 compliance; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS; Australia AICS Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 355 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 500 cps (1%); pH ≈ 4.0 (1% sol'n) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed 420

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Wear gloves, safety glasses; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container in cool, dry place out of direct sunlight; hygroscopic Manugel® C [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Specialty algin blend requiring addition of a food-grade acid or calcium salt Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, film-former for foods (structured glacé fruit, high solids fillings, bakery fillings, bakery jellies, dry mixes) Properties: 60 mesh; pH 10 Manugel® DJX [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, film-former for foods (strong gels, pet foods, dessert gels, structured fish and meat, potato prods.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 65 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 200 cps (1%), 2200 cps (2%); pH 7 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Manugel® DMB [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, film-former for foods (glazes, instant water jelly, structured fish/meat/vegetables/anchovy, tomato prods., potato prods., aspics, coating batters, canned pet food) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 105 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 300 cps (1%), 3000 cps (2%); pH 6.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manugel® GHB [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, film-former for foods (strong gels, pet foods, dessert gels, structured fish and meat) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 250 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 75 cps (1%), 550 cps (2%); pH 6 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Manugel® GMB [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Thickener, gellant, stabilizer for glazes, instant water jelly, structured fish/meat/vegetables/anchovies/peppers, tomato prods., aspics, coating batters, canned pet food, aquaculture, pet food brawn Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1724, GRAS; EU E401 compliance Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; 250 µ particle size; water-sol.; bulk dens. ≈ 50 lb/ft3; visc. 185 cps (1%); pH neutral Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; dry powd. may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Manugel® JKB [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Specialty algin blend requiring addition of a food-grade acid or calcium salt Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, film-former for foods (structured glacé fruit, high solids fillings, bakery fillings, bakery jellies, dry mixes) Properties: 60 mesh; pH 7. Manugel® L98 [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Specialty algin blend requiring addition of a food-grade acid or calcium salt Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, film-former for foods (fruit fillings, glazes, instant puddings, instant mousses, instant water jelly) Properties: 150 mesh; pH 7 421

Part I: Trade Name Reference Manugel® PTB [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Alginate blend Uses: Thickener, gellant, stabilizer for fruit fillings Manugel® PTJ [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Specialty algin blend requiring addition of a food-grade acid or calcium salt Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, film-former for foods (structured glacé fruit, high solids fillings, bakery fillings, bakery jellies, dry mixes) Properties: 150 mesh; pH 7 Manugel® PTJA [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Alginate blend Uses: Thickener, gellant, stabilizer used for fruit fillings MAPS® 501 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: Moisture 15% max.; protein 0.3%; fat 0.23%; ash 0.5%; sodium 0.0090%; calcium 0.0002%; potassium 0.0055%; Mg 0.00079%; Fe 0.00043%; phosphorus 0.0025%; copper < 0.00001%; zinc < 0.00007% Uses: Viscosifier, stabilizer for bakery, soups, sauces, gravies, protein Features: Exc. freeze-thaw stability Regulatory: GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; 98% through 100 micron screen; pH 5.0-7.0 Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Potential dust explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, water, typical combustion by-products HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yrs. shelf life; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. Maquat™ FD-2003 [Mason http://www.maquat.com/] Chem. Analysis: Quaternary content 1-3% Uses: Surfactant, odor control agent for use in meat, poultry, dairy, food processing Properties: Blue/green; completely sol. in water; bulk dens. 0.65-0.75; pH 6-8; cationic Toxicology: Sl. toxic by ing.; prolonged, repeated exposure causes skin irritation; may cause minor to mod. eye irritation Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Use eye protection, gloves Marbase 2209™ [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Palm oil See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil CAS 8002-75-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-316-1 Uses: Coating fat for bakery, confectionery, and nutritional bars Features: Steep melting profile; good heat stability Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix or oily liq.; insol. in water Toxicology: Dermatitis could result from prolonged residence of oil on skin of allergy sensitive individuals Precaution: Avoid excessive heating and inh. of veg. mists Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place away @ 65-80 F; no refrigeration required Marinco® H [Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium hydroxide Chem. Analysis: 96.0-100.5% magnesium hydroxide CAS 1309-42-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-170-3 Uses: Magnesium source for vitamins, magnesium supplement in fortifiers; neutralizer for foods Regulatory: USP, FCC compliance Properties: Free-flowing powd.; 99% through 325 mesh; bulk dens. 0.2 g/ml; 98.4% act. Toxicology: Toxic when inhaled; harmless to skin Storage: Store in sealed containers in a dry area Marinco® OH [Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium oxide USP heavy Chem. Analysis: 96.0-100.5% magnesium oxide CAS 1309-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-171-9 Uses: Dietary supplement for food Regulatory: USP Properties: Flat platelets; 3 µm avg. particle size; 99.5% min. through 325 mesh; dens., tamped 0.35-0.65 g/ml; 98.4% act. Marine Colloids™ Carrageenan [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 422

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Fat replacement systems, gellants; provides rheology, structure, and mouthfeel; nongelling carrageenan binds moisture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.620, 182.7255, GRAS; EU compliance Properties: Powd. sl. marine odor Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5,000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2,000 mg/kg; low oral, dermal and inh. toxicity; nonirritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Precaution: Powd. becomes slippery when wet; accumulation of overhead settled dust may form explosive concentrations in air when disturbed and dispersed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Masil® SF 5 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Water-wh. oily, cl. liq.; odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.916; visc. 5 cSt; pour pt. -65 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 280 F; ref. index 1.3970 Masil® SF 10 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Sp.gr. 0.940; pour pt. -65 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 320 F; ref. index 1.3990 Masil® SF 100 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Water-wh. oily, cl. liq.; odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.968; visc. 100 cps; pour pt. 55 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 461 C; ref. index 1.4030 Masil® SF 200 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Water-wh. oily, cl. liq.; odorless, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

tasteless; sp.gr. 0.972; visc. 200 cSt; pour pt. 50 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 460 F; ref. index 1.4031 Masil® SF 350 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Water-wh. oily, cl. liq.; odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.973; visc. 350 cSt; pour pt. 50 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 500 F; ref. index 1.4032 Masil® SF 350 FG [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Colorless cl. liq., bland odor; misc. in aliphatic/aromatic/halogenated solvs.; insol. in water, lower alcohols; sp.gr. 0.966-0.972; visc. 332.5-367.5 cst; b.p. > 300 F; pour pt. -50 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 500 F; ref. index 1.40251.4045 Toxicology: Temporary eye irritant; nonirritating to skin Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F Masil® SF 500 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Water-wh. oily, cl. liq.; odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.973; visc. 500 cSt; pour pt. 50 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 500 F; ref. index 1.4033 Masil® SF 1000 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Water-wh. oily, cl. liq.; odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.974; visc. 1000 cSt; pour pt. -50 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 500 F; ref. index 1.4035; CC flash pt. 260 C

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Masil® SF 5000 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Water-wh. oily, cl. liq.; odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.975; visc. 5000 cSt; pour pt. -49 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 500 F; ref. index 1.4035 Masil® SF 10,000 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Water-wh. oily, cl. liq.; odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.975; visc. 10,000 cSt; pour pt. -47 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 500 F; ref. index 1.4035 Masil® SF 60,000 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Water-wh. oily, cl. liq.; odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.977; visc. 60,000 cSt; pour pt. -44 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 500 F; ref. index 1.4035 Masil® SF 1,000,000 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Release agent, defoamer for nonaq. food processing Properties: Sp.gr. 0.979; pour pt. -25 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 500 F; ref. index 1.4035 Mastercote FP 9002 [Sensient Colors http://www.sensienttech.com/corporate/sensient_color_group.ht m] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax and carnauba wax in an alcohol solution of shellac See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 232-383-7; 8015-86-9; 9000-59-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7; 232-399-4; 232549-9 Uses: Coating agent in the polishing of sugar coated confectionery Features: Ready to use; easy to apply; exc. gloss Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mastercote FP 9072 [Sensient Colors http://www.sensienttech.com/corporate/sensient_color_group.ht m] Chem. Descrip.: Shellac (25%0 in sol'n. CAS 9000-59-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-549-9 Uses: Coating agent, sealing agent, filmformer, barrier, and preprint base for sugar coated confectionery Features: Totally aqueous; no organic solvents; high gloss and good adhesion; alcohol can be added if required Properties: Cl., sl. amber liq. Maxarome® Plus [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Flavor enhancer, mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent, nutrient, amino acid source, vitamin B source in savory foods, low-salt formulations Features: Contains > 4% naturally occurring GMP and IMP flavor nucleotides; imparts a sweeter, savory flavor which is fully expressed when used in conjunction with other flavor systems Regulatory: Kosher, halal Maxarome® Premium [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Flavor enhancer, mouthfeel enhancer in food Features: Masks undesirable flavors; enhances salt perception; MSG replacer; rounds off sharp flavor peaks Regulatory: Kosher, halal Properties: Meaty, brothy flavor Maxarome® Standard [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Flavor enhancer, mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent, nutrient, amino acid source, vitamin B source in savory foods, low-salt formulations Features: Masks undesirable flavors; enhances salt perception; MSG replacer; for use whenever cost reduction, flavor enhancement, sodium reduction, MSG replacement, HVP replacement or label statement improvements are desired 424

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: Kosher, halal Maxavor® [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Yeast extract-based flavors Uses: Flavoring agent, mouthfeel enhancer, color enhancer, aroma in foods; meat extract replacer Features: Does not contain added HVP, MSG, GMP/IMP and/or caramel Maxavor™ RYE-A, RYE-AS [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Yeast extract See Yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Designed to give a general roasted, brown flavor note to a savory system; RYEA is a good starting ingred. when a pandripping type of flavor profile is desired; RYEAS provides a more intense darker roast beef flavor Maxavor™ RYE-B [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Yeast extract See Yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Imparts a distinct roast beef note to a finished prod. Maxavor™ RYE-C [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Yeast extract See Yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Imparts a distinct baked/roasted chicken skin type note to a finished prod. Maxavor™ RYE-D [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Yeast extract See Yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Imparts a sweet roasted pork or poultry note to a finished prod. Maxavor™ RYE-T [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Yeast extract See Yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Imparts a unique taste sensation combining nuances of beef and tomato flavor; at high levels the beef notes dominate; compat. with pH 4 systems Properties: Reddish-brn. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Maxi-Gel® 445 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener for neutral to sl. acidic foods, cream soups, cream/fruit pies, sauces, gravies Features: Cook-up starch; rec. for systems requiring high freeze/thaw, visc., and texture stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; disp. in cold water; pH 5.3 (10% slurry); 11.5% moisture Maxi-Gel® 542 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener for puddings, frozen fruit pies Features: Cook-up starch Maxi-Gel® 617 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Freeze/thaw stabilizer, moisture control agent, shelf-life/freshness improver, visc. control agent in bakery, snacks; freeze/thaw stabilizer, fat reducer in dairy; thickener in low pH food systems; body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness/sh elf-life/freshness improver, visc. control agent in fruit fillings, fruit preps., jams, dairy Features: Cook-up starch; exc. freeze/thaw, visc., texture stability Maxi-Gel® 700 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Visc. stabilizer, texturizer for cultured dairy prods. Features: Cook-up starch; exc. freeze/thaw, water holding stability; exceptional processing tolerance Maxi-Gel® 7776 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Cook-up starch, stabilizer, thickener for highly acidic and aseptically processed foods; produces short, smooth pastes resist. 425

Part I: Trade Name Reference to heat, shear, acid, freeze/thaw stresses; for canned fruit pie fillings, tomato-based sauces, gravies Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; 5% max. on 60 mesh; pH 4.5-6.0 (cooked); 10-13% moisture Maximaize® DJ [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, texturizer for soups, sauces, gravies, fruit pies, canned foods Features: Cook-up starch; rec. for neutral to acidic foods and foods subject to vigorous processing; provides clarity, sheen, blandness, stability, short texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland flavor; 90% min. through 100 mesh; pH 4.5-6 (10% uncooked sol'n.); 10-13% moisture Maximaize® HV [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for canned foods, cream-style corn, stew gravies, sauces, soups, pie fillings Features: Cook-up starch; rec. for neutral systems and foods that are processed at high temps.; provides short smooth textures, exc. clarity, resist. to syneresis Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland flavor; 90% min. through 100 mesh; pH 4.5-6 (10% uncooked sol'n.); 10-13% moisture Mazaca® 3543X [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from maize See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 15% max. moisture; 0.30 g/100 g protein; < 0.23 g/100 g fat; 0.5 g/100 g ash; 87.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Adhesion promoter and carrier for clear coat batters for vegetables, meat, poultry, and meat analog Features: Reduces charring and blistering from cooking surface Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. fine powd.; particle size 98% thru #100 US Standard screen; bland taste; pH Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

5.0-7.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. Mazol® 80 MGK [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 glyceryl stearate CAS 68153-76-4 Uses: Emulsifier for pan release aids, cake and cake mixes, icings, icing mixes, frozen desserts, coffee whiteners; dough conditioner for yeast-leavened baking prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.834; kosher Properties: Pale yel. oily liq. or semigel, faint char. odor, mild taste; sol. in ethanol, water; sol. hot in min. oil; partly sol. in soybean oil, disp. in propylene glycol, veg. oil; sp.gr. 1.00 (70 C); m.p. 25-27 C; b.p. > 300 F; HLB 13.5; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 1; sapon. no. 65-75; hyd. no. 65-80; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.5% (dough conditioner), 0.5% (cakes), 0.45% (whipped toppings), 0.5% (icings), 0.2% (frozen desserts), 0.4% (coffee whiteners), 0.5% (emulsifier in pan release agents) Toxicology: Nonirritating Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F Mazol® 159 [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate CAS 68201-46-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Amber liq.; sol. in water, min. oil; disp. in min. spirits, toluene, IPA; HLB 13.0; acid no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 82-98; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic Mazol® 300 K [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; coemulsifier for cake mixes; antifoam for sugar and protein processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1323, 184.1666, GRAS; kosher Properties: Amber liq.; sol. in min. oil, toluene, 426

Part I: Trade Name Reference IPA, ethanol, veg. oil; disp. in min. spirits, propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.p. 20 C; HLB 3.8; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 80; sapon. no. 145-155; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic; 100% conc., 40% alpha mono Mazol® GMO K [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate CAS 37220-82-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods, bakery and prepared mixes, margarine, convenience foods, frozen desserts; antifoam for sugar and protein processing; coemulsifier for cake mixes; dispersant for oil or solvent systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1323, GRAS; kosher Properties: Tan paste, ester odor; sol. in min. oil, veg. oil, ethanol, toluene, IPA; disp. in min. spirits, propylene glycol; sp.gr. 0.94; m.p. 25 C; b.p. > 300 F; HLB 3.8; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 90; sapon. no. 160-170; flash pt. (PMCC) > 200 F; nonionic; 100% act., 40% min. monoglycerides Toxicology: Nonirritating Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F Mazol® GMS-K [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 11099-07-3 Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods, bakery and prepared mixes, margarine, convenience foods, frozen desserts; antifoam for sugar and protein processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to cream flakes, ester odor; sol. in IPA; sol. hot in min. oil, veg. oil, propylene glycol, toluene; disp. hot in ethanol; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.908; m.p. 61 C; b.p. > 300 F; HLB 3.9; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 165-176; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic; 100% conc., 40% min. monoglyceride Toxicology: Nonirritating, noncomedogenic Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mazol® PGO-31 K [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Triglyceryl oleate See Polyglyceryl-3 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; solubilizer for flavors and essential oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854, kosher Properties: Gardner 8 max. liq.; sol. in min. oil, veg. oil, propylene glycol, toluene, IPA; disp. in ethanol, min. spirits; insol. in water; HLB 6.2; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 78; sapon. no. 140150; nonionic; 100% conc. Mazol® PGO-104 K [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglyceryl tetraoleate See Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate CAS 34424-98-1; EINECS/ELINCS 252-011-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; solubilizer and carrier for essential oils and flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; kosher Properties: Dk. liq.; sol. in IPA, min. oil, veg. oil, toluene; disp. in ethanol, propylene glycol, min. spirits; insol. in water; HLB 6.2; acid no. 8 max.; iodine no. 61; sapon. no. 125-145; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F Mazu® DF 10 P Mod 11 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Organic defoamer Uses: Defoamer for yeast fermentation Properties: Liq.; sp.gr. 0.990; visc. 250 cps; flash pt. (PMCC) > 300 F Mazu® DF 100S [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone compd. Uses: Defoamer for fermentation, veg. oils Features: Food-grade Regulatory: FDA compliance Properties: Liq.; sp.gr. 0.99; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; 100% silicone Mazu® DF 200S [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone compd. Uses: Defoamer for fermentation, veg. oils Features: Food-grade Regulatory: FDA compliance Properties: Liq.; sp.gr. 0.99; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; visc. 2000 cSt; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; 100% silicone 427

Part I: Trade Name Reference Mazu® DF 201 PM MOD 3 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Organic defoamer Uses: Defoamer for protein and starch, potato processing Properties: Liq.; sp.gr. 0.966; visc. 400 cps; flash pt. (PMCC) > 300 F Mazu® DF 203 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Organic defoamer Uses: Defoamer for foods, proteins Properties: Liq.; sp.gr. 0.97; visc. 2000 cps; flash pt. (PMCC) > 200 F Mazu® DF 204 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Uses: Enzyme, amino acid, and citric acid defoamer for fermentation applics. Features: Modest wetting chars. Properties: Cl. liq.; water-disp.; sp.gr. 1.010; visc. 400 cps; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F Mazu® DF 210S [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for fermentation, brine systems, cheese processing, chewing gum, food processing, wine making, yeast processing Features: Food-grade Regulatory: FDA compliance Properties: Liq.; water-disp.; sp.gr. 1.00; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; visc. 400 cS; flash pt. (PMCC) none; pH 7.0; nonionic; 10% silicone Mazu® DF 307 [Emerald Foam Control http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Organic defoamer Uses: Defoamer for hot processing, food applics. Properties: Emulsion; sp.gr. 0.99; visc. 1300 cps; flash pt. (PMCC) > 200 F MD 1210 [Syral http://www.syral.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 12% DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bodying agent, viscosity builder, mouthfeel enhancer, and binding agent for coffee creamers, confectionery, beverages and frozen foods Features: 23% of the sweetening power of sucrose Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1444; EC council directive 2001/111/EC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Bulk dens. 400 g/l; tapped dens. 540 g/l MD 1225 [Syral http://www.syral.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 12% DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bodying agent, viscosity builder, mouthfeel enhancer, and binding agent for coffee creamers, confectionery, beverages and frozen foods, spice blends Features: 23% of the sweetening power of sucrose Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1444; EC council directive 2001/111/EC Properties: Bulk dens. 450 g/l; tapped dens. 550 g/l MD 1710 [Syral http://www.syral.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 17% DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bodying agent, viscosity builder, mouthfeel enhancer, and binding agent for dairy spreads, coffee creamers, infant milk substitute, slimming prods., and enteral nutrition Features: 25% of the sweetening power of sucrose Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1444; EC council directive 2001/111/EC Properties: Bulk dens. 450 g/l MD 1910 [Syral http://www.syral.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 19% DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Bodying agent, viscosity builder, mouthfeel enhancer, and binding agent for dairy spreads, coffee creamers, extruded snacks, ready to use mixes for drinks, sports drinks, slimming prods., and sauces/soups Features: 26% of the sweetening power of sucrose Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1444; EC council directive 2001/111/EC Properties: Bulk dens. 500 g/l; tapped dens. 620 g/l MDG [Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 67254-73-3 Uses: Emulsifier for food 428

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Available in grades of 40% and 60% monoglyceride content Meatbind®-3000 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat gluten See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Chem. Analysis: 13% moisture, 30% protein, 3.5% fat CAS 8002-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-317-7 Uses: Filler, binder in meat prods. Properties: Off-wh. powd. Meaty Key, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor of beef savory for food prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Lt. yel. to yel. liq.; sulfurol, vaitamin B-12 like, roast beef, pot roast, beefy taste; sol. in oil, alcohol Use Level: 0.005-0.2 ppm as consumed Mekon® White [Baker Petrolite/Polymers http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite/p olymers] Chem. Descrip.: Hard microcrystalline wax CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Chewing gum base; microcapsules for flavoring substances Regulatory: Incl. FDA §172.230, 172.615, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 178.3710, 179.45 Properties: Wh. wax; very low sol. in org. solvs.; dens. 0.78 g/cc (99 C); visc. 15 cps (99 C); m.p. 94 C Melojel® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener, texturizer for cooked creams, custard fillings, puddings, icings, Turkish paste, caramels, dry mix soups, sauces, and gravies Features: Provides smooth, rigid texture to finished prod.; not rec. for extended or cold temp. storage Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Melon Key, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor of melon, watermelon, cucumber, tropical flavors, strawberry flavors for food prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. liq.; melon taste; sol. in oil, alcohol, PG; sl. sol. in water Use Level: 0.5-10 ppm as consumed Merecol® FA [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth, guar, xanthan, and locust bean gums See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum; Xanthan gum Uses: Stabilizer for pourable salad dressing, potato salad, bakery, confectionery, flavors, emulsions, carbonated and flavored beverages with pulp; provides economical emulsification, body, and stability Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Cream-colored powd.; ≥ 98% through 60 mesh; readily sol. in hot and cold water; visc. 1000-1700 cps; pH 6.2-6.6 (1%) Use Level: 0.4-0.6% (salad dressing) Merecol® FAL [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic See Acacia; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Emulsion stabilizer for institutional salad dressings; provides economical emulsification, body, and stability Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Cream-colored powd.; ≥ 98% through 60 mesh; readily sol. in hot and cold water; visc. 1500-2500 cps; pH 6.0-6.5 (1%) Use Level: 0.4-0.6% (salad dressing) 429

Part I: Trade Name Reference Merecol® FT [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Water-sol. vegetable gums Uses: Stabilizer for oil-free salad dressing; achieves body and texture of a low-calorie dressing without the use of oil Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Cream-wh. fine powd., nearly odorless; sol.: must be heated to 90 C for complete hydration Merecol® G [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natural gums, cellulose gums, and seaweed extracts Uses: Stabilizer for low-calorie syrups Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Off-wh. powd.; completely sol. in hot water Merecol® GL [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum, guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Uses: Stabilizer for prod. of cream cheese and flour doughs by tying up free water and minimizing syneresis; improves mouthfeel, body, and texture Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Creamy wh. fine powd., nearly odorless; 98% through 60 mesh; visc. ≥ 500 cps (1%); pH 5.7-6.4 Use Level: 0.25% (flour doughs, cheeses) Merecol® GX [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum, xanthan gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Xanthan gum Uses: Stabilizer for processing of dry soup, sauce, and beverage mixes; provides rapid hydration; stable over broad pH range while in aq. media; improves mouthfeel, body, and texture Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Cream-colored fine powd., nearly odorless; ≥ 97% through 80 mesh; readily sol. in hot and cold water; visc. ≥ 2400 cps (1%); pH 5.5-6.5 Use Level: 0.1-0.2% Merecol® I [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Veg. gums and xanthan gum See Xanthan gum Uses: Stabilizer, gellant providing exc. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsion/heat stability in milk- and waterbased pudding and gelled foods, pie fillings, bakery jellies, imitation sour cream, tomato aspic, chip dips, baby foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Off-wh. powd.; completely sol. in hot water Merecol® IC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum, carrageenan, and psyllium husks, standardized with dextrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Psyllium Uses: Stabilizer for ice cream, ice milk; aids prod. of homogeneous mixt. of fat, milk solids, sugar, and water which will result in small ice crystals, uniform air cells when frozen; provides extra dryness for soft-serve items; high in dietary fiber Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Cream-colored dry powd., neutral flavor; readily disp., sol. above 60 C in water; visc. 2000 cps (2%) Use Level: 0.35-0.60% Merecol® K [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of water-sol. gums Uses: General purpose food stabilizer formulated for its ability to hydrate in cold water and milk; adds creaminess and stability to instant puddings and mousse formulations Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Lt. tan powd.; completely sol. in cold water and/or milk; visc. 300-500 cps (1%) Use Level: 0.25-0.50% Merecol® LK [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth, guar gum, carrageenan, standardized with potassium chloride See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Potassium chloride; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum Uses: Stabilizer formulated as a replacement for xanthan; offers superior flowability, improved mouthfeel Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher for Passover Properties: Cream-colored powd.; ≥ 98% through 60 mesh; readily sol. in hot and cold water; visc. ≥ 1000 cps (1%); pH 6.2-6.6 (1%) 430

Part I: Trade Name Reference Use Level: 0.35-0.60% Merecol® MS [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum FCC standardized with veg. gums See Xanthan gum Uses: Stabilizer for food applics., esp. pourable salad dressings Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Cream-colored powd.; ≥ 97% through 80 mesh; readily sol. in hot and cold water; visc. ≥ 1200 cps (1%); pH 6.2-6.6 (1%) Merecol® R [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum, carrageenan, standardized with calcium sulfate See Calcium sulfate; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Stabilizer aiding prod. of ricotta cheese by minimizing syneresis and improving body texture and mouthfeel; extra dry Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Creamy wh. powd., odorless; 95% through 80 mesh; visc. ≥ 500 cps (1%); pH 5.5-6.5 Use Level: 0.2-0.3% (ricotta cheese) Merecol® RB [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum, locust bean gum, and carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Uses: Stabilizer aiding ricotta cheese prod. by tying up free water, minimizing syneresis, and improving mouthfeel, body, and texture; produces ricotta cheese with exc. sliceability, moisture retention, and extended shelf life Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Creamy wh. fine powd., nearly odorless; 98% through 60 mesh; visc. ≥ 1000 cps (1%); pH 5.5-6.5 Merecol® RCS [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum, locust bean gum, and guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Xanthan gum Uses: Stabilizer aiding ricotta cheese prod. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

by tying up free water, minimizing syneresis, improving mouthfeel, body, texture; produces ricotta with exc. sliceability, moisture retention, extended shelf life; also for cottage cheese dressings, spreads Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Creamy wh. fine powd., nearly odorless; 98% through 60 mesh; visc. ≥ 1000 cps (1%); pH 5.5-6.5 Use Level: 0.1-0.2% (ricotta cheese), 0.4-0.5% (spreads) Storage: Store in cool, dry area in closed container Merecol® S [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified starch, carrageenan, vegetable gum, and dextrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose; Starch Uses: Stabilizer for use as a gelatin substitute in buttermilk, yogurt, and sour cream dressings; provides desirable set and mouthfeel Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Creamy wh. powd., odorless; sol.: must be heated to 60 C for complete hydration; visc. ≥ 125 cps (2%) Storage: Store in cool, dry area in closed container Merecol® SH [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum and psyllium husks standardized with dextrose See Glucose; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Psyllium Uses: Stabilizer for ice milk, sherbet, fruit ice, lollies, popsicles; assists in homogeneous mixt. of sugar and water which will result in small ice crystals and uniform air cells when frozen; high in dietary fiber Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Cream-colored dry powd., neutral flavor; readily disp., sol. > 60 C in water; visc. ≥ 550 cps Use Level: 0.35-0.60% Merecol® Y [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified starch, carrageenan, veg. gum psyllium, and dextrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose; Psyllium; Starch 431

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Stabilizer for use as a gelatin substitute in yogurt, sour cream, and salad dressings; provides desirable set and mouthfeel; high in dietary fiber Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Geige-tan powd., odorless; sol.: must be heated to 60 C for complete hydration; visc. ≥ 125 cps (2%) Merezan® 8 [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum FCC from Xanthomonas campestris CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener for foods Properties: Cream-colored powd., ≥ 97% through 80 mesh; readily sol. in hot and cold water; visc. ≥ 1200 cps (1%); pH 6.1-8.1 (1%) Storage: Store in clean, cool, dry area; 1 yr. min. shelf life Merezan® 20 [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum FCC from Xanthomonas campestris CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener for foods Properties: Cream-colored powd., ≥ 97% through 200 mesh; readily sol. in hot and cold water; visc. ≥ 1200 cps (1%); pH 6.1-8.1 Storage: Store in clean, cool, dry area; 1 yr. min. shelf life Merigel 100 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: pregelatinized corn starch See Corn starch, pregelatinized Uses: Viscosifier in instant dairy desserts, instant baby food formulations, cold process sauces, dressings, dry mix formulations; controls dough rheology; moisture control agent, humectant, texturizer in bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer, cold processing aid, texturizer, visc. control agent in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Merigel 310 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: highly crosslinked pregelatinized waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Uses: Body/mouthfeel enhancer, cold processing aid, texturizer, visc. control agent in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dressings Merigel 340 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: highly crosslinked pregelatinized waxy corn starch See Propyl phenylacetate CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Moisture control agent, humectant, texturizer, shelf-life/freshness improver, freeze/thaw stabilizer in bakery, snacks; cold processing agent, binder, texturizer for prepared foods; body/mouthfeel enhancer, cold processing aid, texturizer, visc. control agent in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings, fruit fillings, fruit preps., jams Features: Resistant to low pH and high sheer processing Merigel 341 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: highly crosslinked pregelatinized waxy corn starch See Propyl phenylacetate CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Moisture control agent, humectant, texturizer, shelf-life/freshness improver, freeze/thaw stabilizer in bakery, snacks; cold processing agent, binder, texturizer for prepared foods; cold processing aid, texturizer, visc. control agent in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings, fruit fillings, fruit preps., jams; body/mouthfeel enhancer in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Features: Resistant to low pH and high sheer processing Merigel 342 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: crosslinked pregelatinized waxy corn starch See Propyl phenylacetate Uses: Shelf-life/freshness improver, freeze/thaw stabilizer, viscosity control agent in bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings; cold processing aid, texturizer, visc. control agent in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings, fruit fillings, fruit preps., jams Merigel 347 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: highly crosslinked 432

Part I: Trade Name Reference pregelatinized waxy corn starch See Propyl phenylacetate Uses: Moisture control agent, humectant, texturizer, shelf-life/freshness improver, freeze/thaw stabilizer, visc. control agent in bakery, snacks; cold processing agent, binder, texturizer for prepared foods; cold processing aid, texturizer, visc. control agent in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings, fruit fillings, fruit preps., jams; body/mouthfeel enhancer in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Meritena 100 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Moisture control agent, humectant, texturizer in bakery, snacks; binder, texturizer, visc. control agent for prepared foods; carrier, excipient in pharmaceuticals; binder, gelling agent, texturizer in confectionery; body/mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer, visc. control agent, gelling agent in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Meritena 141 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Binder in dough pastel applics. Features: Low microbial count Meritena 200 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: wheat starch Uses: Moisture control agent, humectant, texturizer in bakery, snacks; binder, texturizer, visc. control agent for prepared foods; gelling agent, texturizer in confectionery; body/mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer, visc. control agent in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings; gelling agent in dairy Meritena 290 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: wheat starch Uses: Moisture control agent, humectant, texturizer in bakery, snacks; binder, texturizer, visc. control agent for prepared foods; gelling agent, texturizer in confectionery; body/mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer, visc. control agent in dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings; gelling Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

agent in dairy Meritena 300 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: corn starch Uses: Body/mouthfeel enhancer, visc. control agent in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings; moisture control agent in bakery, snacks Meritol 121 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol solution CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Coating agent for sugar-free pan coating; stabilizer for liq. enzyme preps. in the fermentation industry Regulatory: EP, USP, FCC, E420 Meritol 130 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol solution CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Coating agent for sugar-free pan coating; stabilizer for liq. enzyme preps. in the fermentation industry Regulatory: EP, USP, FCC, E420 Meritol 160 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol solution CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Binder, adhesion promoter, humectant and shelf-life improver in bakery and confectionery industries Regulatory: EP, USP, FCC, E420 Meritose 100 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: D-Glucose monohydrate Chem. Analysis: 99% dextrose; 0.5% other sugars CAS 5996-10-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Humectant, shelf-life improver, sweetener, viscosity control agent, and texturizer in bakery prods. confectionery, and snacks; solubilizer in beverages; crumb structure enhancer in cakes and biscuits; cooling agent in panned prods.source of fermentable sugars in cider and fruit wines Features: Provides 70% of the sweetness of sucrose Properties: Cryst. solid Meritose 200 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: D-Glucose monohydrate 433

Part I: Trade Name Reference Chem. Analysis: 99% dextrose and 0.5% other sugars CAS 5996-10-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Humectant, shelf-life improver, sweetener, viscosity control agent, and texturizer in bakery prods. and snacks; solubilizer in beverages; crumb structure enhancer in cakes and biscuits; cooling agent in panned prods.source of fermentable sugars in cider and fruit wines Features: Provides 70% of the sweetness of sucrose Meritose 220 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: D-Glucose monohydrate Chem. Analysis: 99% dextrose and 0.5% other sugars CAS 5996-10-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Crumb structure enhancer in cakes and biscuits; cooling agent in panned prods.source of fermentable sugars in cider and fruit wines Features: Provides 70% of the sweetness of sucrose Meritose 300 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: D-Glucose monohydrate Chem. Analysis: 99% dextrose and 0.5% other sugars CAS 5996-10-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Humectant, shelf-life improver, sweetener, viscosity control agent, and texturizer in bakery prods. and snacks; solubilizer in beverages; crumb structure enhancer in cakes and biscuits; cooling agent in panned prods.; source of fermentable sugars in cider and fruit wines Features: Provides 70% of the sweetness of sucrose Properties: 91% dry substance Metarin™ 210-L [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin with selected oil carriers Uses: Release agent for confectionery Features: Offers ease of handling in cold weather and capacity for uniform spraying and thin films Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172, 182 Properties: Liq.; acid no. 0.5-1.0; 0.2-0.5% moisture Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

containers; store at 60-90 F Metarin™ 436 [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin and veg. oil See Vegetable oil Uses: Instantizer, dispersant, flavor enhancer, wetting agent, antisedimentation agent, antiflotation agent for mfg. of cold water-sol. food prods. Features: High oxidative stability Regulatory: GRAS, FDA 21CFR 184.1400 Properties: Gardner 14 max. color; visc. 1.25 poise max.; acid no. 20 max.; 1% max. moisture Metarin™ 785-15K [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin, veg. oils, stearates, and antioxidants See Vegetable oil Uses: Release agent for use on belts and/or hot or cold slabs, esp. effective with nut brittles and hard candies Features: Does not impart color to prod.; resist. to oxidation Properties: Milky noncongealing liq., odorless, tasteless; visc. 200 cps Metarin™ C [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Compd. of deoiled soybean lecithin and milk constituents See Lecithin Uses: Instantizer for caseinates Properties: Powd. Metarin™ CP [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled soy lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Instantizer for powd. mixes, milk prods., dietetic prods., soups, sauces, flavor-sensitive systems Features: Enhanced props. Properties: Powd. Metarin™ DA 51 [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Food additive Features: Multipurpose; sprayable at R.T.; can be dissolved in other fats and oils Regulatory: GRAS, FDA 21CFR §184.1400 Properties: Gardner 14 max. color; visc. 1500 cps; acid no. 25 max.; 0.8% max. moisture 434

Part I: Trade Name Reference Metarin™ F [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Compd. of soybean lecithin and vegetable oils See Lecithin Uses: Instantizer for foods (cocoa prods., soups, sauces), animal feed Features: Hydrophilic; cold sprayable Properties: Liq.; nonionic; 100% conc. Metarin™ P [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled soy lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Instantizer for powdery foods, milk powds., cocoa prods., dietetic prods., proteins, soups, sauces, baby food, esp. flavor-sensitive systems Features: Hydrophilic Properties: Powd.; sol. in oil and fat; nonionic; 100% conc. Methocel® 310 Series [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose ether Uses: Thickener, binder, film-former, moisture retention aid, suspending agent, surfactant, lubricant, protective colloid, and emulsifier for foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sl. off-wh. gran.; 100-500 µ particle size; sol. in water and some org. solvs.; 8% max. moisture Toxicology: TSCA listed Methocel® A4C Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; Colorcon http://www.colorcon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methylcellulose Chem. Analysis: 5% max. loss on drying CAS 9004-67-5 Uses: Granulation binder, viscosity modifier, suspending agent in foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS 21CFR §182.1480, 9CFR 318.7, 381.147, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Wh. to sl. off-wh. gran. powd.; 99.0% min. through # 40 US standard sieve; watersol.; visc. 289-525 mPa·s; pH 5.5-8.0 (1% sol'n.) Storage: 5 yr shelf life from date of manufacture; store in a tightly sealed container Methocel® A15C Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methylcellulose Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 9004-67-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, adhesive, gellant in foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS 21CFR §182.1480, 9CFR 318.7, 381.147, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Visc. 1500 cps Methocel® A15LV Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methylcellulose CAS 9004-67-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, adhesive, gellant in foods; volume improver and moisturizer in microwave cakes; bodying agent and texturizer for reducedfat cheese sauces Features: Adds fat-like texture Regulatory: FDA GRAS 21CFR §182.1480, 9CFR 318.7, 381.147, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Wh./off-wh. powd.; visc. 15 mPa·s Use Level: 0.4-0.8% (cake), 1% (reduced-fat cheese sauce) Methocel® E4M Premium EP [Dow http://www.dow.com; Colorcon http://www.colorcon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Chem. Analysis: 5% max. loss on drying: CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Visc. control agent, gellant, foam booster/stabilizer, film-former, dispersant, lubricant, binder, emulsion stabilizer, suspending agent for foods; improves binding str., aids release in extruded seafood prods.; mouthfeel enhancer in salad dressings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874, USDA, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Wh./off-wh. powd.; 99.0% min. through #40 US standard sieve; visc. 4000 mPa·s; pH 5.5-8.0 (1% sol'n.) Storage: Shelf life 5 yr from date of manufacture; keep in closed containers Methocel® E6 Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Visc. control agent, gellant, foam booster/stabilizer, film-former, dispersant, lubricant, binder, emulsion stabilizer, and 435

Part I: Trade Name Reference suspending agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874, USDA, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Wh./off-wh. powd.; visc. 6 mPa·s Methocel® E15 Food Grade [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, adhesive, gellant in foods; improves binding str. and reduces oil absorp. during frying in tacos, meat/poultry/seafood batters, French fry dips Regulatory: FDA, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Visc. 15 cps Use Level: 0.1-0.75% (taco), 0.2-0.5% (meat batter) Methocel® E15LV [Dow http://www.dow.com; Colorcon http://www.colorcon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose ether Uses: Thickener, binder, film-former, moisture retention aid, suspending agent, surfactant, lubricant, protective colloid, and emulsifier for foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sp.gr. 1.29; tens. str. 69 MPa±10%; elong. 5-15% Toxicology: TSCA listed Methocel® E15LV Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Visc. control agent, gellant, foam booster/stabilizer, film-former, dispersant, lubricant, binder, emulsion stabilizer, and suspending agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874, USDA, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Wh./off-wh. powd.; visc. 15 mPa·s Methocel® F4M Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, adhesive, gellant in foods; provides moist texture in reduced-fat cakes; provides firm thermal gel structure to structured meat, veg., and poultry prods. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874, USDA, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Visc. 4000 cps Use Level: 0.2-0.4% (cake), 0.8% (structured meat) Methocel® J5MS [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Thickener, binder, film-former, moisture retention aid, suspending agent, surfactant, lubricant, protective colloid, and emulsifier for foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Visc. 5000 mPa·s Toxicology: TSCA listed Methocel® K3 Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Visc. control agent, film-former for foods; improves freeze/thaw stability in bakery glazes; provides elasticity and improves adhesion of candy coatings; emulsion stabilizer, dispersant for flavor oil emulsions and encapsulation Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874, USDA, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Wh./off-wh. powd.; visc. 3 mPa·s Use Level: 0.1-10.2% (glaze), 0.5-12% (candy coatings), 10-16% (flavors) Methocel® K4M Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Visc. control agent, gellant, foam booster/stabilizer, film-former, dispersant, lubricant, binder, emulsion stabilizer, suspending agent for foods, ice cream cones, icings, extruded seafood prods., structured meats/poultry, desserts, soups; bodying agent, texturizer in rice flour breads; dough release agent in tortillas; binder in tacos; lubricant in extruded snacks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874, USDA, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Visc. 4000 mPa·s Use Level: 1-3% basis flour (rice flour bread), 436

Part I: Trade Name Reference 0.2-0.4% wet dough basis (tortilla), 0.1-0.75% (taco) Methocel® K15M Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Visc. control agent, gellant, foam booster/stabilizer, film-former, dispersant, lubricant, binder, emulsion stabilizer, and suspending agent for foods, gravies, whipped toppings, desserts, diet foods, pet foods; stabilizer and shelf life extender for salad dressings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874, USDA, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Wh./off-wh. powd.; visc. 15,000 mPa·s Use Level: 0.3-0.5% (dressings, gravies), 0.10.5% (desserts), 0.3-0.8% (diet foods) Methocel® K100LV Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Visc. control agent, gellant, foam booster/stabilizer, film-former, dispersant, lubricant, binder, emulsion stabilizer, suspending agent for foods, whipped toppings, mousses, canned pet foods; moisturizer, volume improver in muffins, conventional, microwave, and reduced-fat cakes; texturizer for butter cream icings; stabilizer for structured potato prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874, USDA, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Wh./off-wh. powd.; visc. 100 mPa·s Use Level: 0.03-0.25% (muffins), 0.15-0.8% (cake), 0.1-0.2% powd. sugar basis (icings), 0.3-0.5% (potato) Methocel® K100M Premium [Dow http://www.dow.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Visc. control agent, gellant, foam booster/stabilizer, film-former, dispersant, lubricant, binder, emulsion stabilizer, and suspending agent for foods; dough release Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

agent in tortillas; binder in taco shells/chips, extruded onion rings; improves pie fillings; stabilizer for salad dressings; adhesion promoter for glazes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874, USDA, FCC, USP, EP, JP, BP; kosher Properties: Wh./off-wh. powd.; visc. 100,000 mPa·s Use Level: 0.1-0.75% (taco), 0.3-0.5% (pie fillings, dressings), 0.5-2.5% (onion), 1% (glaze) Methyl/Propyl Parbens (3/1) NF [Protameen http://www.protameen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Methylparaben and propylparaben Uses: Preservative for foods Meyprodor® [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Galactomannan CAS 11078-30-1; EINECS/ELINCS 234-299-6 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, fiber enrichment for foods Features: Low microbial counts; no guar taste or odor Properties: Neutral taste and odor Meyprodyn 200® [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Binder, stabilizer, thickener for foods, esp. for cold processing Features: Very low bacterial count; exc. freezethaw stability; acid stable Properties: Wh. creamy fine powd.; neutral taste; 60% min. -200 mesh; cold water sol.; pH 6 (1%) Storage: Store cold and dry in original packing Meyprogen®-MP® [Danisco Functional Systems http://www.danisco.com/functionalsystems] Chem. Descrip.: Carob bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Stabilizer, gellant for foods, esp. for meat applics.; texture improver, consistency improver, sliceability improver, syneresis inhibitor Properties: Neutral smell and taste Meyprogen®-MS® [Danisco Functional Systems http://www.danisco.com/functionalsystems] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrocolloids 437

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Thickener/stabilizer/starch/emulsifier for convenience food (dressings, soups, sauces, ketchup, salad compds.) Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Texture modifier, syneresis control agent, and viscosity builder in a wide range of food prods. including dressings, ice cream, cakes, beverages, and dairy prods. Properties: Wh. to creamy colored fine powd.; 1.00% max. on 150 mesh; sol. in water; visc. 4800 mPa·s (after 2 h min.), 5000 mPa·s (after 24 h min.); pH 6.5 (1% sol'n.); 12% moisture Storage: Store in cool dry area in original unopened pkg. Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 HF [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Texture modifier, syneresis control agent, and viscosity builder in a wide range of food prods. including dressings, ice cream, cakes, beverages, and dairy prods. Properties: Particle size 106 µm; visc. > 6000 mPa·s Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100 [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Texture modifier, syneresis control agent, and viscosity builder in a wide range of food prods. including dressings, ice cream, cakes, beverages, and dairy prods. Properties: Particle size 150 µm; visc. 30004000 mPa·s Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175 [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Texture modifier, syneresis control agent, and viscosity builder in a wide range of food prods. including dressings, ice cream, cakes, beverages, and dairy prods. Properties: Particle size 88 µm; visc. 3000-4000 mPa·s Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Texture modifier, syneresis control agent, and viscosity builder in a wide range of food prods. including dressings, ice cream, cakes, beverages, and dairy prods. Properties: Particle size 75 µm; visc. 3000-4000 mPa·s Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 [Danisco Textural Ingredients] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Texture modifier, syneresis control agent, and viscosity builder in a wide range of food prods. including dressings, ice cream, cakes, beverages, and dairy prods. Properties: Particle size 69 µm; visc. 3000-4000 mPa·s MG-60 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Vital wheat gluten, polysorbate 60, partially hydrogenated soy oil, sodium stearoyl lactylate See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Uses: Ingred. for wh. bread, variety breads, hamburger and hot dog buns Features: Modified gluten Properties: Honey-colored powd.; 5-8% moisture, 58% min. protein MG-F [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Vital wheat gluten, ethoxylated mono-diglycerides See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Uses: Ingred. for high-fiber bread prods. Features: Modified gluten Properties: Free-flowing powd.; water-disp.; 6.5% moisture, 70.3% min. protein MGO [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate CAS 25496-72-4; EINECS/ELINCS 247-038-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Pale yel. paste; HLB 2.5; nonionic; 438

Part I: Trade Name Reference 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed MG-S [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Vital wheat gluten, sodium stearoyl lactylate, calcium stearoyl-2lactylate, lactylic stearate See Calcium stearoyl lactylate; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Uses: Ingred. for standardized baked prods. Features: Modified gluten Properties: Cream-colored fine powd.; 4.5% moisture, 56% protein MGS-150V [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate SE CAS 11099-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: Acid-stable Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Wh. plate; HLB 10.0; anionic MGS-ASE [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate SE CAS 11099-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for foods Features: Contains soap Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Wh. flake; HLB 6.0; anionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed MGS-AV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 11099-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Wh. flake; HLB 4.0; nonionic; 100% conc. MGS-BMV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 11099-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: Emulsifier in foods Properties: Wh. bead; HLB 3.0; lipophilic MGS-BSEV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate SE CAS 11099-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: Emulsifier in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. bead; HLB 8.0; lipophilic MGS-DEXV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate, Glyceryl stearate SE and PEG-10 stearate CAS 11099-07-3; 9004-99-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Wh. flake; HLB 5.5; anionic; 100% conc. MGS-F20V [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate Chem. Analysis: Monoglyceride 20% CAS 11099-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Wh. flake; HLB 7.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed MGS-F40V [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate Chem. Analysis: 40% monoglyceride CAS 11099-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Wh. flake; HLB 4.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed MGS-F50 [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate Chem. Analysis: 50% monoglyceride CAS 11099-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Wh. bead; HLB 3.5; nonionic; 100% conc.; 50% monoglyceride Toxicology: TSCA listed MGS-F50SE [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate SE CAS 11099-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: Lipophilic 439

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Wh. flake; HLB 5.0; anionic Toxicology: TSCA listed MGS-F75V [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate Chem. Analysis: 75% monoglyceride CAS 11099-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Wh. flake; HLB 1.5; nonionic; 100% conc.; 75% monoglyceride Toxicology: TSCA listed MGS-TGL [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate, stearic acid, glycol stearate and triceteth-5 phosphate CAS 11099-07-3; 57-11-4; 111-60-4; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6; 200-313-4; 203886-9 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: Acid-stable; lipophilic Properties: Wh. bead; HLB 2.0; nonionic MGS-TGV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate, stearic acid, sorbitan stearate and sodium dioleth-8 phosphate See Sodium oleth-8 phosphate CAS 11099-07-3; 57-11-4; 1338-41-6; 57486-096; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6; 200-313-4; 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: Acid-stable; lipophilic Properties: Wh. flake; HLB 4.0; nonionic MGU [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl undecylenate Uses: Emulsifier Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq./paste Michem® Emulsion 03825 [Michelman http://www.michem.com; http://www.expandingpaper.com] Chem. Descrip.: PE wax aq. emulsion See Polyethylene wax CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Shelf-life extender for fruit and vegetable coatings Features: Rec. @ pH 7+ Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: 0.050 µ particle size; sp.gr. 0.970.99; visc. < 200 cps; flash pt. > 65 C; pH 8.59.5; anionic; 25% NV Michem® Emulsion 62125AM [Michelman http://www.michem.com; http://www.expandingpaper.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax emulsion See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax Chem. Analysis: 24.5 - 25.5% NV CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Shelf-life extender for edible skinned or nonedible skinned fresh fruit and vegetable coatings Features: Rec. @ pH 7+ Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172, 175.105 Properties: 0.030 µ particle size; sp.gr. 0.981.00; Brookfield visc. < 200 cps; flash pt. > 61 C; pH 9.0; anionic; 25% NV Microcat® ECL [Bioscience http://www.bioscienceinc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microbial catalyst Uses: Enzyme, protein, surfactant for cleaning and deodorizing applics. in meatpacking and food processing Features: Food-grade Properties: Brn. translucent liq. Toxicology: Nontoxic, nonpathogenic Environmental: harmless to aquatic life Storage: 1 yr. shelf life; store in-doors @ R.T. Microcel® 101 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6 Uses: Bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, anticaking agent, antisticking agent, antiblocking agent, flow aid, extrusion aid in foods, cheese, snacks, cereals, drink mixes, pasta, breads, pastries Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd.; 50 µ avg. particle size; 1% max. on 60 mesh, 30% max. on 200 mesh; odorless; bulk dens. 0.2-0.4 g/cm3, 0.4-0.6 g/cm3 (tapped); < 5% loss on drying Microcel® 102 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6 Uses: Bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, anticaking agent, antisticking agent, antiblocking agent, flow aid, extrusion aid 440

Part I: Trade Name Reference in foods, cheese, snacks, cereals, drink mixes, pasta, breads, pastries Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd.; 100 µ avg. particle size; 8% max. on 60 mesh, 45% max. on 200 mesh; odorless; bulk dens. 0.2-0.4 g/cm3, 0.4-0.6 g/cm3 (tapped); < 5% loss on drying MicroGARD® MG 100 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactic acid culture Chem. Analysis: 2.9% moisture Uses: Preservative, flavor enhancer for dairy prods., cottage cheese, yogurt, dips, blended cheeses, fresh soups, confections, and prepared sauces Features: Natural; retards growth of gram neg. bacteria, yeast, and molds; also helps control gas production; little or no effect on taste, flavor, or color of food Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Off-wh. color; sl. cooked odor; buttermilk flavor; pH 7.0-7.3 Use Level: 0.1-0.3% (cottage cheese and yogurt); 0.3-1.5% (refrigerated foods, pastries, sauces, and other high moisture prods.) Storage: 1 yr. shelf life @ cool warehouse temps. MicroGARD® MG 200 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: cultured dextrose See Glucose CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Preservative, flavor enhancer for refrigerated salad dressings, pasta and pizza sauces, salsas, fruit juices, pastas, soups, lowfat prods. Features: Natural; retards growth of gram neg. bacteria, yeasts, and molds; little or no effect on taste, flavor, or color of food Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Off-wh. liq.; sl. cooked odor; buttermilk flavor; pH 7.0-7.3; 2.9% moisture Use Level: 0.3-1.0% for dressings, sauces, and other high moisture prods. MicroGARD® MG 300 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: cultured skim milk (grade A) Uses: Preservative, antimicrobial, bacteriostat, shelf life extender, flavor enhancer in foods, refrigerated salad dressings, pasta and pizza sauces, fresh salsas, wet salads, soups, confections, and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dessert cups Features: Natural; retards growth of gram positive bacteria; delays prod. gassing and souring; little or no effect on taste, flavor, or color of food Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Off-wh. color; sl. cooked odor; buttermilk flavor; pH 7.0-7.3; 2.9% moisture Use Level: 0.5-1.0% for high moisture foods Storage: 1 yr. shelf life @ cool warehouse temps. MicroGARD® MG 400 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nonfat milk, lactic acid culture Uses: Preservative, flavor enhancer for foods, refrigerated salad dressings and dips, refrigerated sauces, soups, blended meats, lowfat prods. Features: Natural; retards growth of gram neg. bacteria, lactics, bacilli, selected yeast, and molds Properties: Off-wh. liq.; sl. cooked odor; buttermilk flavor; pH 7.0-7.3; 2.9% moisture Use Level: 0.5-2.0% for refrigerated foods, blended cheeses, dressings, pie fillings, and meats Storage: 1 yr. shelf life at cool warehouse temps. MicroGARD® MG Guardian 300 CM1-50 [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: cultured skim milk (grade A) Uses: Nat. dairy food preservative Features: Little or no effect on taste, flavor, or color of food Micro-White® 10 Codex [IMERYS http://www.imerys.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (97%) CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Food-grade calcium supplement and extender meeting purity requirements for food and food contact applics. (flour, cake mixes, cereals, chewing gum, crackers) Regulatory: FCC, kosher Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, tasteless; 1.0 µm mean particle size; trace retained on 325 mesh; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; pH 9-10 Toxicology: TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3; considered nuisance dust; chronic exposure may cause respiratory problems; may cause skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Nonflamm., nonexplosive; will 441

Part I: Trade Name Reference react with acids to produce carbon dioxide Micro-White® 10 Slurry [IMERYS http://www.imerys.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Pigment, filler, reinforcing agent for foods Features: Ultrafine; exc. optical props.; low visc., low adhesive demand; good retention as filler Properties: Slurry, odorless; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; dens. 15.87 lb/gal; visc. 250 cps; surf. area 8 m2/g; pH 9-10; nonflamm.; 75% solids Precaution: Incompat. with acids

extender meeting purity requirements for food and food contact applics. (flour, cake mixes, cereals, chewing gum, crackers) Regulatory: FCC, kosher Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, tasteless; 7 µm mean particle size; 0.35% retained on 325 mesh; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; pH 9-10 Toxicology: TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3; considered nuisance dust; chronic exposure may cause respiratory problems; may cause skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Nonflamm., nonexplosive; will react with acids to produce carbon dioxide

Micro-White® 25 Codex [IMERYS http://www.imerys.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (96.8%) CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Food-grade calcium supplement and extender meeting purity requirements for food and food contact applics. (flour, cake mixes, cereals, chewing gum, crackers) Regulatory: FCC, kosher Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, tasteless; 3 µm mean particle size; trace retained on 325 mesh; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; pH 9-10 Toxicology: TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3; considered nuisance dust; chronic exposure may cause respiratory problems; may cause skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Nonflamm., nonexplosive; will react with acids to produce carbon dioxide

Micro-White® 100 Codex [IMERYS http://www.imerys.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (95%) CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Food-grade calcium supplement and extender meeting purity requirements for food and food contact applics. (flour, cake mixes, cereals, chewing gum, crackers) Regulatory: FCC, kosher Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, tasteless; 17 µm mean particle size; 7% retained on 325 mesh; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; pH 9-10 Toxicology: TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3; considered nuisance dust; chronic exposure may cause respiratory problems; may cause skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Nonflamm., nonexplosive; will react with acids to produce carbon dioxide

Micro-White® 25 Slurry [IMERYS http://www.imerys.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Filler pigment, reinforcing agent for foods Features: Med.-fine wet-ground Properties: Slurry, odorless; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.71; dens. 15.32 lb/gal; visc. 500 cps; surf. area 3.5 m2/g; pH 9-10; nonflamm.; 72% solids Precaution: Incompat. with acids

Midset™ 30 [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Adhesion promoter and crispness enhancer in gummy candies, jelly bean centers, starch jellies, licorice, taffy, as well as batter and coating systems; heat-lamp stabilizer for batters and coatings Features: Low visc.; allows inclusion of high solids in candy and confections

Micro-White® 50 Codex [IMERYS http://www.imerys.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate Chem. Analysis: CaCO3 (95.5%) CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Food-grade calcium supplement and

Midsol™ 1 [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Tenderizer in bakery mixes; pan

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Part I: Trade Name Reference release agent for baking Features: Low visc.; resistant to heat and low pH foods; resists hydration and swelling in extrusion applics.

pie crusts, baby food, puddings, salad dressings, sauces, gravies, soups and cereal products Properties: Wh.; bland flavor

Midsol™ 2AD [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Water binder, gellant, stabilizer, freezethaw stabilizer in emulsified meat and surimi products Features: High visc., shear and acid resistant

Midsol™ 75 [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Visc. builder, film-former, weeping control agent in icings and glazes Features: Refined large granule; provides higher visc.

Midsol™ 4 [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Visc. builder for soups, sauces, gravies, and bakery fillings; moisture control agent; texturizer in baking Features: High visc.; provides good paste clarity, limited gel formation; freeze-thaw stable; exc. heat, acid and shear stability

Midsol™ Adhere [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Highly refined, modified wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Adhesion promoter, film-former for batter and breading applics. Features: Provides smooth coatings Properties: Powd.; 70% min. through 200 mesh; pH 5-6.5; 9.012% moisture Storage: Store in a cool, dry, and sanitary area

Midsol™ 35 [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Adhesion promoter, film-former for meat and veg. batters and breadings Features: Low visc.

Midsol™ Adhere Plus [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Adhesion promoter, binder, and crisping agent in batter systems for breaded, deep-fried foods including meat, poultry, fish, french fries and appetizers Storage: Store in a cool, dry, and sanitary area

Midsol™ 46 [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: modified, cook-up Wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Texturizer, thickener for soups, sauces, gravies, pie fillings and bakery mixes; stabilizer, moisture control agent in refrigerated and frozen storage conditions Features: Increases process stability of foods subjected to high temperature and shear, as well as acidic conditions Properties: Wh. Midsol™ 50 [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Water binder and fat emulsion stabilizer in cakes, icings, glazes, cookies, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Midsol™ Krisp [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cook-up modified wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Adhesion promoter, film-former; crispness promoter, oil pick-up reducer, shelf life extender in fried foods Features: Cook-up modified; provides extended shelf life under heat lamp Properties: Powd.; 70% min. through 200 mesh; pH 5-6.5; 9.012% moisture Storage: Store in a cool, dry, and sanitary area Miglyol® 808 [Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tricaprylin CAS 538-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 208-686-5 443

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Specialty oil for prod. of dietary foods containing MCT Regulatory: USP, Ph. Eur., JPE Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; dens. 0.95 kg/dm3; visc. 25-35 mPa·s; turbidity pt. -5 C; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 350-360 Environmental: environmentally compat. Miglyol® 810 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Lubricant, carrier, vehicle, solvent for dietary prods. Regulatory: USP, Ph. Eur., JPE, DMF Properties: Colorless liq., neutral odor; sol. in diethyl ether, petrol. ether, chloroform, IPA, toluene, alcohol, min. oil, acetone; sp.gr. 0.940.95; visc. 25-35 mPa·s; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 335-355; pH neutral; cloud pt. 0 C; nonionic Environmental: environmentally compat. Miglyol® 810 N [Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl tricaprylate/tricaprate See Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Specialty oil for prod. of dietary foods containing MCT Properties: Liq.; dens. 0.95 kg/dm3; visc. 25-35 mPa·s; turbidity pt. 0 C; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 335-355 Miglyol® 812 [Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Dispersant, lubricant, anticaking agent, carrier, solvent, solubilizer, suspending agent for dietetic prods. Features: Stable to oxidation Regulatory: USP, Ph. Eur., JPE, DMF Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol, min. oil, acetone; visc. 25-35 mPa·s; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 325-345; cloud pt. 10 C; nonionic; 100% conc. Environmental: environmentally compat. Miglyol® 812 N [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl tricaprylate/tricaprate See Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Specialty oil for prod. of dietary foods containing MCT; fat component for medical nutrition Features: Oxidation-stable Properties: Thin oily liq.; dens. 0.95 kg/dm3; visc. 25-35 mPa·s; turbidity pt. 10 C; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 325-345 Miglyol® 840 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate CAS 68583-51-7; EINECS/ELINCS 271-516-3 Uses: Dispersant, lubricant, carrier, vehicle, solvent, solubilizer, suspending agent for dietetic prods.; flavor fixing agent Features: Oxidation-stable Regulatory: DAB, JCIC, DMF Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol, min. oil, acetone; visc. 8-14 mPa·s; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 0.5 max.; sapon. no. 320-340; cloud pt. -30 C Environmental: environmentally compat. Miglyol® 854 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglycerides contg. beeswax Uses: Antisticking agent, glazing agent for sweets, licorice, jelly babies, wine gums Features: Rec. for prods. with tendency to stick Properties: Med. visc. liq. Miglyol® 855 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglycerides contg. beeswax Uses: Antisticking agent, glazing agent for sweets, licorice, jelly babies, wine gums Features: Rec. for prods. with tendency to stick Properties: Med. visc. liq. 444

Part I: Trade Name Reference Miglyol® 857 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglycerides contg. beeswax Uses: Antisticking agent, glazing agent for sweets, licorice, jelly babies, wine gums Features: Rec. for prods. with tendency to stick Properties: Visc. liq. Miglyol® 860 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglycerides contg. beeswax and carnauba wax Uses: Antisticking agent, glazing agent for sweets, licorice, jelly babies, wine gums Features: Rec. for prods. with tendency to stick Properties: Visc. liq. Miglyol® 864 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglycerides contg. beeswax and carnauba wax Uses: Antisticking agent, glazing agent for sweets, licorice, jelly babies, wine gums Features: Rec. for prods. with tendency to stick Properties: Med. visc. liq. Miglyol® 866 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglycerides contg. beeswax and carnauba wax Uses: Antisticking agent, glazing agent for sweets, licorice, jelly babies, wine gums Features: Rec. for prods. with tendency to stick Properties: Med. visc. liq. Miglyol® 870 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglycerides contg. beeswax and carnauba wax Uses: Antisticking agent, glazing agent for Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sweets, licorice, jelly babies, wine gums Features: Rec. for prods. with tendency to stick Properties: Med. visc. liq. Miglyol® 8108 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl tricaprylate/tricaprate See Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 65381-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Specialty oil for prod. of dietary foods containing MCT Regulatory: USP,EP, JPE Properties: Liq.; dens. 0.95 kg/dm3; visc. 25-35 mPa·s; turbidity pt. 0 C; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 335-355 Milkvis CM™ [Marcel Carrageenan http://www.marcel.com.ph] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Stabilizer, flavor release agent, suspending aid for chocolate milk drinks Features: Imparts homogenous appearance and texture Milopol G-7 [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate CAS 68201-46-7 Uses: Food lubricant Properties: Yel. visc. liq.; typical odor; sol. in water; dens. ≈ 1.05 g/ml; f.p. ≈ 0 C; flash pt. > 270 C Toxicology: Nontoxic by ing., inh., or skin contact Environmental: biodeg.; low toxicity to aquatic life Precaution: Wear goggles and gloves; avoid contact with flames and strong oxidants Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in original container, @ R.T. closed and protected from damp and heat sources Mineral Jelly No. 10 [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods 445

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: OSHA nonhazardous; FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 1Y color; odorless; tasteless; misc. with cosmetic ingred. used in oil-base formulations; visc. 40-43 SUS (210 F); m.p. (Saybolt) 97-105 F; pour pt. 95-105 F Mineral Jelly No. 14 [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 1.0Y color; visc. 2.6-5.7 cSt (100 C); m.p. 38-52 C Mineral Jelly No. 17 [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 1.0Y color; visc. 2.6-5.7 cSt (100 C); m.p. 36-49 C Mineral Spirits 066/3 [CITGO Petrol. http://www.citgo.com/home.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Stoddard solvent CAS 8052-41-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-489-3 UN 1268 Uses: Froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; food coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 172.884, 175.105, 178.3910; SARA §302/304 nonreportable, §311/312 acute health/chronic health/fire hazard, §313 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 nonreportable; may contain detectable amts. 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene Properties: Colorless transparent liq.; lt. paraffinic hydrocarbon odor; sl. sol. in cold water (< 0.05%); sp.gr. 0.770-0.810 (60/60 F); dens. 6.48 lb/gal (15.6 C); visc. 1.36 cst (20 C); vapor pressure 2.6 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. -65 to -25 C; b.p. 160-200 C; flash pt. (TCC) 42-45 C; autoignition temp. 230 C; ref. index 1.4262 (20 C); KB value 33; VOC 777 g/l; 100% act. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV TWA 100 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) > 34,600 mg/kg; mist/vapor may irritate eyes, mucous membranes, respiratory tract; liq. contact may cause minimal to mod. eye irritation, mod. to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

severe skin irritation/inflamm.; may be harmful by inh., skin absorp.; overexposure may cause CNS depression, other target organ effects; may be harmful or fatal by ing.; aspiration into lungs can cause pulmonary edema, chem. pneumonia; TSCA listed Environmental: may cause oxygen depletion in waterways; potentially toxic to water ecosystems; may be hazardous to aquatic life; prevent entry into sewers, waterways; not a DOT marine pollutant Precaution: Combustible liq.; flamm. limits 0.6-6.0%; vapor may cause flash fire; vapors are heavier than air, may flash back; may create vapor/air explosion hazard in confined spaces; spills may create a slipping hazard; floats on water; container can rupture in fire; prevent entry into basements, confined areas; bond and ground equip.; incompat. with strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers (liq. chlorine, other halogens, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: smoke, CO, CO2, possibly other harmful gases/vapors HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from heat, sparks, ignition sources, strong oxidizing conditions MingQiong Brand [Fujian Sanming] Chem. Descrip.: Agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Stabilizer, densifying agent, coagulant, emulsifier, flotation agent for beverages, ice cream, sugar, canned foods, meat prods.; gellant in canned meats, meat prods., fruit jelly Properties: ≤ 15% moisture; ≤ 5% ash Use Level: 0.2-0.5% (gellant for meats); 0.10.3% (fruit jelly) Storage: Keep dry; store @ 18-25 C Mira-Cap® [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Emulsifier, encapsulant for oils incl. flavor oils in dry mixes (beverage powds., bakery and confectionery blends); emulsifier in salad dressings, imitation dairy prods., nondairy coffee whiteners; 446

Part I: Trade Name Reference film-former Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. to off-wh. noncaking powd., bland flavor; cold water-sol.; visc. 100 cp (80 F, 30% solids); pH 6.5; 6% max. moisture Mira-Cleer® 187 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from dent corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer in low-acid or neutral foods, dry pudding mixes, ice cream toppings, bakery fillings, gravies, dairy-based sauces, stews Features: High visc.; resists. thinning, congealing; contributes freeze/thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; readily mixes in cold water; pH 5.7 (10% slurry); 10% moisture Mira-Cleer® 340 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from dent corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener for neutral to low pH foods, aseptic puddings, cheese sauces, tomato sauces, fruit fillings, canned retorted prods.; binder for cooked structured foods Features: Resist. to congealing; provides stable visc., good shelf life under refrigeration Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; disp. in cold water; pH 5.7 (10% slurry); 10% moisture Mira-Cleer® 516 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from dent corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener for canned pet foods, condiment sauces, canned fruit fillings for pies Features: Cook-up starch; rec. for highly acidic foods, or foods processed at high retorting temps.; exc. temp. stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; disp. in cold water; pH 5.7 (10% slurry); 11.5% moisture Mira-Gel® 463 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gellant, texturizer for gel/structured Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

applics., texture modification, highmoisture desserts, cold batters, cookie doughs, bakery fillings, low-moisture confections, icings, microwave preps.; visc. control agent in bakery, snacks, dairy, fruit fillings, fruit preps., jams, dairy, confectionery Features: Cold water swelling gran. starch which forms gels @ R.T. Properties: Wh. powd.; 0.1% max. on 30 mesh, 95% min. through 100 mesh; pH 5.5; 5% moisture Miranol® J2M Conc. [Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Rhodia HPCII France http://www.hpcii.rhodia.com] Chem. Descrip.: Disodium capryloamphodiacetate CAS 68608-64-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-721-0 Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent for food washing and peeling Properties: Cl. liq.; pH 8.2-8.6; amphoteric; 4850% solids Environmental: biodeg. Mira-Quik® MGL [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from potato See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, stabilizer, visc. control agent for gelled foods such as confectionery jellies, bakery fillings, desserts Features: Outstanding gel clarity; high amylose, gelatin replacement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Off-wh. powd., bland flavor; pH 5; 12% moisture Mira-Set® 285 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from dent corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener for prod. of jelly candies, extrusion of fruit pieces or fillings Features: Thin-boiling confectioner's starch Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; 0.1% on 60 mesh, 99% through 100 mesh; pH 5.5; 7% moisture Mira-Sperse® 606 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Shelf-life improver, viscosity control agent in dairy prods. and prepared foods; moisture control agent in baker and snack 447

Part I: Trade Name Reference prods. Features: Designed for neutral to mildly acetic food systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Mira-Sperse® 622 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Cold processing agent, moisture control agent, visc. control agent in bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer, visc. control agent in beverages, dairy; cold processing agent, freeze/thaw stabilizer, dispersant in dairy; body/mouthfeel enhancer, cold processing agent, visc. control agent in fruit fillings, fruit preps., jams, prepared foods, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Mira-Sperse® 623 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for no-oil processed foods, low sugar systems, hot water dispersed dry mixes, acidic food systems, systems which undergo severe processing Features: Cold water swelling starch; exc. flow props Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Agglomerated powd., good odor/flavor; 20% on 30 mesh, 30% through 120 mesh; bulk dens. 11-16 lb/ft3; pH 5-7; 68.5% moisture Mira-Sperse® 626 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for no-oil processed foods, low sugar systems, hot water dispersed dry mixes, neutral to mildly acidic food systems, systems processed under mild conditions Features: Cold water swelling starch; exc. flow props. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Agglomerated powd., good odor/flavor; 20% on 30 mesh, 30% through 120 mesh; bulk dens. 11-16 lb/ft3; pH 5-7; 68.5% moisture

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mira-Sperse® 2000 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Freeze/thaw stabilizer, humectant, visc. control agent, shelf-life/freshness improver in bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer, visc. control agent, cold processing agent, freeze/thaw stabilizer, shelf-life/freshness improver, dispersant in dairy; body/mouthfeel enhancer, visc. control agent, shelf-life/freshness improver in prepared foods, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings; moisture control agent in prepared foods; dispersant in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Mira-Thik® 468 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from dent corn starch See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for acidic foods, dry instant foods, pourable/spoonable salad dressings, fruit pie fillings, pickle relishes, microwave foods Features: Cold water hydrating starch; provides superior smoothness, syneresis control, freeze/thaw resist. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., good odor/flavor; 0.5% on 60 mesh, 98% through 100 mesh; bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3; pH 6.0; 5% moisture Mira-Thik® 469 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from dent corn starch See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for neutral to mildly acidic foods, dry instant foods, puddings, glazes, sauces, soups, gravies, pastry fillings, dairy/microwave prods. Features: Cold water hydrating starch; improves texture, mouthfeel; exc. freeze/thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., good odor/flavor; 0.5% on 60 mesh, 98% through 100 mesh; bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3; pH 6.0; 5% moisture

448

Part I: Trade Name Reference Mira-Thik® 470 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: modified food starch from dent corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Freeze/thaw stabilizer, humectant, visc. control agent, shelf-life/freshness improver in bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer, cold processing agent, freeze/thaw stabilizer, shelf-life/freshness improver in dairy; body/mouthfeel enhancer, visc. control agent, shelflife/freshness improver in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Mira-Thik® 603 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for dry mix and processed foods, acidic food systems, systems which undergo severe processing, spoonable/pourable salad dressings, fruit pie fillings, acidic sauces, microwave applics. Features: Instant starch; exc. freeze/thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., good odor/flavor; 0.5% on 60 mesh, 98% through 100 mesh; bulk dens. 33 lb/ft3 (loose); pH 6.0; 7% moisture Mira-Thik® 606 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for dry mix and processed foods, neutral to mildly acidic food systems, systems processed under mild conditions, gravies, sauces, bakery fillings, dairy prods. Features: Instant starch; exc. freeze/thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., good odor/flavor; 0.5% on 60 mesh, 98% through 100 mesh; bulk dens. 33 lb/ft3 (loose); pH 6.0; 7% moisture Mira-Thik® 609 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch See Food starch, modified Uses: Cold processing aid, moisture control agent, freeze/thaw stabilizer, visc. control Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

agent, shelf-life/freshness improver in bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer, cold processing agent, freeze/thaw stabilizer, shelf-life/freshness; body/mouthfeel enhancer, shelflife/freshness improver in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings; visc. control agent in prepared foods Features: Smooth texture Mix 41 [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein isolate, milk protein, and carbohydrates See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 9010-10-0; 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8; 232-555-1 Uses: Food supplement for children and adults, esp. for sportsmen and for people who perform hard physical labor Properties: Pleasant taste and flavor; 41% protein. Mix 63 [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein isolate and carbohydrates See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 9010-10-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Food supplement esp. suited for slimming purposes since it takes more energy to digest than it contains Features: Low in fat, cholesterol- and lactosefree; daily consumption of 75-100 g supplies FAO/WHO-required amt. of protein Properties: 63% protein. Mix 70 [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein isolate, milk protein, and carbohydrates See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 9010-10-0; 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8; 232-555-1 Uses: Food supplement suited for slimming purposes Features: Similar to Mix 63; increased protein content permits lower daily intake M Kemfluid 219-D [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono-di glycerine C16-C18 fatty acids mixture Uses: Food lubricant 449

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Yel. visc. liq.; typical odor; insol. in water; sol. in fat; dens. ≈ 0.92 g/ml; f.p. 10 C; flash pt. > 190 C Toxicology: Nontoxic by ing., inh., or skin contact Precaution: Wear goggles and gloves; avoid contact with flames Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in original container, @ R.T. closed and protected from damp and heat sources MLO® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Flour, calcium sulfate, salt, and fungal protease enzymes See Sodium chloride Uses: Dough conditioner for breads Features: Produces mellow, pliable dough; reduces mixing time by 15-25% Properties: Lt. cream powd.; 98% min. through 40 mesh Use Level: 4-12 oz/100 lb flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use MoisturLok® Liquid [Advanced Ingreds. http://www.advancedingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose, dextrin See Glucose CAS 50-99-7; 9004-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 232-675-4 Uses: Moisture control agent in processed meat prods. (cold cuts, hamburgers, hot dogs, processed beef, sausage, etc.) Features: Cuts total ingredient costs, increases production yields and increases shelf life, which reduces spoils and returns Properties: Amber to dk. brn. liq.; sol. in water; dens.11.8 lb/gal; b.p. 220 F Toxicology: Noncarcinogenic Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents such as perchloric acid Hazardous Ingredients: None Storage: Shelf life 12 mos. for unopened container; store @ ≤ 55 F; darkening may occur over time without affecting quality; do not refrigerate during either shipping or storage; after opening, use the remaining contents within two weeks

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

MoisturLok® Powder [Advanced Ingreds. http://www.advancedingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose, dextrin, and fiber See Glucose CAS 50-99-7; 9004-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200075-1; 232-675-4 Uses: Moisture control agent in processed meat prods. (cold cuts, hamburgers, hot dogs, processed beef, sausage, etc.) Features: Cuts total ingredient costs, increases production yields and increases shelf life, which reduces spoils and returns Properties: Cream-gold powd., odorless, sweetpowdery taste; dens. 26 lb/ft3 Toxicology: Noncarcinogenic Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents such as perchloric acid; dust explosion may occur if suspended in air with ignition source Storage: 12 mos. shelf life if stored in tightly closed containers; store @ ≤ 85 F Mold-Out® [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cultured wheat flour See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour CAS 130498-22-5; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Uses: Mold inhibitor, pH control agent, flavor enhancer, aroma enhancer for baked goods, bread, rolls, cakes, doughnuts, pizza crusts, tortillas, pita bread Features: No preservatives; in some cases, less yeast can be used; eliminates necessity of adding chems. such as calcium propionate Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Free-flowing powd.; pH < 5.5; < 13% moisture Use Level: 8-16 oz/00 lb flour (bread, rolls) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Monestriol DM [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acetylated glycerine monostearate See Acetylated glyceryl stearate Uses: Food lubricant Properties: Nonionic Monestriol GCT [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl monostearate Uses: Food lubricant 450

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Nonionic Monestriol GE [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono, di, triglycerides C12C18 CAS 91052-53-8; EINECS/ELINCS 293-214-0 Uses: Food lubricant Regulatory: Not classified as dangerous for transport Properties: Yellowish (molten) to ivory-wh. (solid); typical odor; insol. in water; sol. in fat; dens. ≈ 0.95; m.p. 58 C; flash pt. > 200 C; nonionic Environmental: biodeg.; keep out of sewers, drains, surface and underground water; considered to be to low toxicity for aquatic life Precaution: Wear gloves, goggles, overalls; avoid contact with flames Storage: For molten product, store between 6575 C; for solid product, store in closed container @ R.T. protected from dampness, heat sources Monestriol GP [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Food lubricant Properties: Nonionic Monestriol GP-35 [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono, di, triglycerides of fatty acids in C12-C18 See Mono, di, triglycerides C12-C18 CAS 91052-53-8; EINECS/ELINCS 293-214-0 Uses: Food lubricant Regulatory: Not classified as dangerous for transport Properties: Yellowish (molten) to ivory-wh. (solid); typical odor; insol. in water; sol. in fat; dens. ≈ 0.95; m.p. 58 C; flash pt. > 200 C; nonionic Environmental: biodeg.; keep out of sewers, drains, surface and underground water; considered to be to low toxicity for aquatic life Precaution: Wear gloves, goggles, overalls; avoid contact with flames Storage: For molten product, store between 65Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

75 C; for solid product, store in closed container @ R.T. protected from dampness, heat sources Monestriol GP-35-3% [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono, di, triglycerides of fatty acids in C12-C18 See Mono, di, triglycerides C12-C18 CAS 91052-53-8; EINECS/ELINCS 293-214-0 Uses: Food lubricant Regulatory: Not classified as dangerous for transport Properties: Ivory-wh. sol.; typical odor; disp. in water; sol. in fat; dens. ≈ 0.90; m.p. ≈ 58 C; flash pt. > 200 C; anionic Environmental: biodeg.; keep out of sewers, drains, surface water currents; considered to be to low toxicity for aquatic life Precaution: Wear gloves, goggles, overalls; avoid contact with flames Storage: Store in original container @ R.T.; protect from dampness, heat sources Monestriol GP-35-AE [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono, di, triglycerides of fatty acids in C12-C18 See Mono, di, triglycerides C12-C18 CAS 91052-53-8; EINECS/ELINCS 293-214-0 Uses: Food lubricant Regulatory: Not classified as dangerous for transport Properties: Ivory-wh. sol.; typical odor; disp. in water; sol. in fat; dens. ≈ 0.90; m.p. ≈ 59 C; flash pt. > 200 C; anionic Environmental: biodeg.; keep out of sewers, drains, surface water currents; considered to be to low toxicity for aquatic life Precaution: Wear gloves, goggles, overalls; avoid contact with flames Storage: Store in original container @ R.T.; protect from dampness, heat sources Monestriol GP-40 [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono, di, triglycerides of fatty acids in C12-C18 See Mono, di, triglycerides C12-C18 CAS 91052-53-8; EINECS/ELINCS 293-214-0 Uses: Food lubricant Regulatory: Not classified as dangerous for 451

Part I: Trade Name Reference transport Properties: Ivory-wh. sol.; typical odor; insol. in water; sol. in fat; dens. ≈ 0.90; m.p. ≈ 58 C; flash pt. > 200 C; nonionic Toxicology: Not toxic by inh., contact, ing. Environmental: biodeg.; keep out of sewers, drains, surface water currents; considered to be to low toxicity for aquatic life Precaution: Wear gloves, goggles, overalls; avoid contact with flames Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store sol. product @ R.T. in original, sealed container Monestriol GP-40-CF [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono, di, triglycerides of fatty acids in C12-C18 See Mono, di, triglycerides C12-C18 CAS 91052-53-8; EINECS/ELINCS 293-214-0 Uses: Food lubricant Regulatory: Not dangerous for transport Properties: Ivory-wh. solid; typical odor; insol. in water; sol. in fat; dens. ≈ 0.90; m.p. ≈ 58 C; flash pt > 200 C; nonionic Toxicology: Nontoxic Environmental: biodeg. in water; considered to be of low toxicity for aquatic life Precaution: Keep out of sewers, drains, surface and underground water; avoid contact with flames Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store @ R.T. in original, sealed container; protect from direct sun exposure Monestriol GP-40-DC [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Food lubricant Properties: Nonionic Monestriol GP-45 [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl monostearate Uses: Food lubricant Properties: Nonionic Monestriol GP-45-DC [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono, di, triglycerides of fatty Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acids in C12-C18 See Mono, di, triglycerides C12-C18 CAS 91052-53-8; EINECS/ELINCS 293-214-0 Uses: Food lubricant Regulatory: Not classified as dangerous for transport Properties: Yellowish (molten) to ivory-wh. (solid); typical odor; insol. in water; sol. in fat; dens. ≈ 0.95; m.p. 58 C; flash pt. > 200 C; nonionic Toxicology: Non-toxic by inh., contact, ing. Environmental: biodeg.; keep out of sewers, drains, surface water currents; considered to be to low toxicity for aquatic life Precaution: Wear gloves, goggles, overalls; avoid contact with flames Storage: For molten product, store between 6575 C; for solid product, store in closed container @ R.T. protected from dampness, heat sources Mono Ace SP Gold [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Emulsifier blend Uses: Emulsifier, foaming agent in foods Monofreeze 80 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides and polysorbate 80 See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Food additive for frozen desserts Properties: Free-flowing powd.; c.m.p. 140-150 F; iodine no. 38 max.; 41.5% mono min. Monofresh Super [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour, vegetable oil, calcium sulfate, soya flour, and enzumes See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour CAS 130498-22-5; 68956-68-3; 7778-18-9; 68513-95-1; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6; 273313-5; 231-900-3 Uses: Crumb softener and antistaling agent for bread, rolls, and fermented goods Properties: Powd. Use Level: 0.5-1% on flour wt. Toxicology: May cause allergic reaction, sensitization, eye and skin irritation; prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis Environmental: readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in cool 452

Part I: Trade Name Reference and dry conditions Monolan® PL [Akzo Nobel Surf. Chem. AB http://www.surface.akzonobel.com] Chem. Descrip.: High m.w. EO/PO copolymer See EO/PO block polymer or copolymer CAS 9003-11-6 Uses: Defoamer component for sugar beet and yeast prod. Properties: Pale yel. cl. liq., mild odor; sp.gr. 0.973; visc. 930 cs; flash pt. (PMCC) > 150 C; nonionic; 100% act. Monomuls® 90 O18 PH [Cognis/Care Chems.; Cognis GmbH/Care Chems. http://www.cognis.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: W/o emulsifier, stabilizer, refatting agent, thickener for foods; flavoring agent Regulatory: DAC compliance Properties: Almost wh. paste, sl. fatty odor; HLB 3.4; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 67-80; sapon. no. 150-160; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: Up to 5% conc., toxicologically harmless with no irritating or sensitizing effects Storage: 1 yr. min. storage life in sealed original containers at temps. below 30 C, protected from moisture Moon™ Glycerine USP K [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin USP (99-100%) Chem. Analysis: 0.3% max. moisture CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Emulsifier, emollient, humectant, sweetener Regulatory: USP, DOT/ADR/RID/IMDG/ICAO/IATA not regulated; Canada DSL; Japan; Australia; Philippines; China; Korea Properties: APHA 20 max. cl. visc. liq.; bland odor; sweet taste; complete sol. in water; misc. in ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ether, chloroform; relative dens. 1.262; visc. ≈ 1300 mPa·s; vapor pressure < 0.008 mm Hg; m.p. ≈ 18 C; b.p. > 288 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 198.9 C; auto-ignition temp. ≈ 400 C; 99-101% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; may cause mild, transient eye irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (goldfish, 24 h) > 5 g/l; LC0 (golden orfe, 48 h) > 250 mg/l; LC100 (rainbow trout, 96 h) 51-57 g/l; NOEC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(chilomonas paramecium, 48 h) > 10 g/l, (entosiphon sulcatum, 72 h) 3200 mg/l; biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal reaction may release acrolein Storage: Store in clean, tight containers to prevent moisture pickup from air; can be stored in aluminum, stainless steel, fiberglass or resin lined steel vessels Moon™ Kosher Glycerine USP NK [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin USP (99-100%) Chem. Analysis: 0.3% max. moisture CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Emulsifier, emollient, humectant, sweetener Regulatory: USP, kosher, DOT/ADR/RID/IMDG/ICAO/IATA not regulated; Canada DSL; Japan; Australia; Philippines; China; Korea Properties: APHA 20 max. cl. visc. liq.; bland odor; sweet taste; complete sol. in water; misc. in ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ether, chloroform; relative dens. 1.262; visc. ≈ 1300 mPa·s; vapor pressure < 0.008 mm Hg; m.p. ≈ 18 C; b.p. > 288 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 198.9 C; auto-ignition temp. ≈ 400 C; 99-101% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; may cause mild, transient eye irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (goldfish, 24 h) > 5 g/l; LC0 (golden orfe, 48 h) > 250 mg/l; LC100 (rainbow trout, 96 h) 51-57 g/l; NOEC (chilomonas paramecium, 48 h) > 10 g/l, (entosiphon sulcatum, 72 h) 3200 mg/l; biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal reaction may release acrolein Storage: Store in clean, tight containers to prevent moisture pickup from air; can be stored in aluminum, stainless steel, fiberglass or resin lined steel vessels Morflex® MSC [Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monostearyl citrate See Stearyl citrate CAS 1337-33-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-654-4 Uses: Chelating agent, stabilizer for oils; 453

Part I: Trade Name Reference sequestrant in foods and feed Features: Synergistic with antioxidants Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 177.1210, 178.3910, 181.27, 582.6851 Properties: Waxy solid; sol. ≈ 1% in olive oil, safflower oil, corn oil, peanut oil, veg. oil; sp.gr. 0.92 (85 C); m.p. 47 C min.; sapon. no. 140170; neutral. no. 100-125; flash pt. (COC) > 400 F Morillol® [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: 1-Octene-3-ol See 1-Octen-3ol CAS 3391-86-4; EINECS/ELINCS 222-226-0 UN 2810 Uses: Mushroom-like, earthy, herbaceous fragrance and flavoring Properties: Colorless liq.; intense, earthy, mushroom-like odor; sol. in many org. solvs.; sparingly sol. in water; dens. 0.830-0.838; visc. 5.3 mm2; vapor pressure 1 mbar (@ 20 C), 3 mbar (@ 50 C); m.p. -49 C; b.p. 79-81 C (@ 20 hPa); flash pt. 68 C; ignition temp. 245 C; ref. index 1.434-1.440; lel 0.9%; uel 8.0 %; tenacity > 5 days; substantivity > 48 hrs. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 200-1000 mg/l; LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) 3.72 mg/l; harmful by ing.; skin, eye irritant Environmental: LC50 (brachydanio rerio, 96 h) 1.8 mg/l; EC10 (pseudomonas putida, 0.5 h) 1950 mg/l; EC50 (pseudomonas putida, 0.5 h) 3300 mg/l; EC 90 (pseudomonas putida, 0.5 h) 4600 mg/l; readily biodeg. Precaution: Wear protective gloves, safety glasses with side shields Storage: Keep tightly closed in dry, cool, wellventilated place; protect from light Morton® Flour Salt [Morton Salt http://www.mortonsalt.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Extra fine sodium chloride FCC with anticaking additive (1.5% tricalcium phosphate) See Calcium phosphate tribasic Chem. Analysis: NaCl (98.5%) Uses: Salt providing nutritionally avail. calcium from its anticaking additive for food processing (cereal, flour, powd. cheese, dry mixes, dough conditioners, frostings, meat cures, tenderizers, enzyme preps., snacks Features: Food-grade; ground to be extremely fine and free flowing Regulatory: Tricalcium phosphate: GRAS, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

exempt from label declaration under 21CFR §101.100(a)(3) Properties: Fine powd.; 25-37% retained on 140 mesh, 20-27% on 200 mesh; mean crystal size 100 µm; mean surf. area 400 cm2/g; bulk dens. 0.96-1.06 ml (loose) MP2 Harborlite® 900 [Advanced Minerals http://www.advancedminerals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Perlite CAS 130885-09-5 Uses: Filter aid for beverage industry Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; negligibly sol. in water; sp.gr. 2.2-2.4; pH 6.5 - 7.5; nonflamm. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3 (respirable dust); prolonged and repeated exposure to dust can cause chronic pulmonary disease Environmental: chemically inert in the environment Precaution: Wear full-face respirator and goggles with side shields; incompat. with HF acid; avoid breathing dust MSOPB [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglyceride saturated C16C18 fatty acids and Triglyceride unsaturated C16-C18 fatty acids Uses: Food lubricant MSOPB/G [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglyceride saturated C16C18 fatty acids and Triglyceride unsaturated C16-C18 fatty acids Uses: Food lubricant Muffin Aid® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rice flour, fumaric acid, protease, calcium peroxide, and sorbic acid Chem. Analysis: 6% moisture; 5% protein CAS 110-17-8; 9014-01-1; 1305-79-9; 110-44-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-743-0; 232-752-2; 215139-4; 203-768-7 Uses: Structuring agent for English muffins Properties: Off-wh. powd.; acidic odor; pH 2.8 Use Level: 0.5% to 0.75% in flour Precaution: Avoid contact with oxidizers, reducers, and bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not 454

Part I: Trade Name Reference in use Multi-Kem HP-12HS [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for food Features: High-efficiency; resistant to heat, enzyme and bacterial decomp.; superb waterholding ability; wide compatibility with other anionic and nonionic thickening agents Properties: Brookfield visc. 6,000-8,000 cps @ 1% sol'n. Multifect AA 16L [Genencor Int'l. http://www.genencor.com] Chem. Descrip.: α-Amylase See Amylase CAS 9000-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7 Uses: Food-grade enzyme for dextrinizing (liquefying) and saccharifying (glucose and maltose liberating) starch; used for baking, brewing, cereal, chocolate syrup, jelly, juice, syrups, and starch modification Properties: Amber to lt. brn. nonviscous liq., free of offensive odor; misc. with water Storage: Activity loss ≤ 10% in 3 mo when stored in sealed containers under cool, dry conditions Multifect AA 23L [Genencor Int'l. http://www.genencor.com] Chem. Descrip.: β-Amylase (barley) See Amylase CAS 9000-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7 Uses: Enzyme for food processing in high maltose syrups, malt diastatic supplementation Properties: Liq. Multifect CA 1000L [Genencor Int'l. http://www.genencor.com] Chem. Descrip.: Catalase CAS 9001-05-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-577-1 Uses: Enzyme which removes residual hydrogen peroxide by direct conversion to water and oxygen Features: Food grade; does not influence taste, texture, or aroma of final prod.; can be used over wide pH range; act. at low pH; more useful than beef liver catalase Regulatory: FAO, WHO, FCC approved; certified kosher Properties: Brnish. cl. liq.; pH 5.25±0.15 Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in closed container @ 2-4 C Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Multifect GO 1500L [Genencor Int'l. http://www.genencor.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose oxidase and catalase Uses: Enzyme which removes oxygen from food prods. where oxidation is a problem, such as mayonnaise and salad dressings; prod. is appropriate for use in general food applics. where oxygen removal is desired Regulatory: FAO, WHO, FCC approved; certified kosher Properties: Brn. cl. liq.; pH 5.25±0.15 Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in closed container @ 2-4 C Multifex-MM™ [Specialty Mins. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source for high-calcium cow's milk, flavor fortified children's milk, calcium-fortified soy milk, liq. yogurts, smoothie drinks, dry beverage mixes, liq. meals and infant formulas Features: Ultrafine; high bioavailablility; mod. oil absorption; suspends well minimizing settling; no calories, carbohydrates or fats; uncoated; lactose-free Regulatory: FDA GRAS; USP, EP, FCC Properties: Fine powd.;rhombohedral shape; 0.07 µ avg. particle size; sol. in acids, insol. in water and and inorg. solvents; sp.gr. 2.71; dens. (tapped) 0.43 g/cc; oil absorp. 26; dry brightness 98; hydrophilic Multi-Kem FG 30-40X [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, water binder for pet foods, bakery mixes; dairy stabilizer Features: Rapid hydration; wide compat. with other thickeners Properties: Coarse gran.; hydrates in cold and hot water to yield visc. sol'ns.; visc. 2900-3600 cps (1% aq.) Multi-Kem FG 30-70 [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, water binder for pet foods, bakery mixes; dairy stabilizer 455

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Rapid hydration; wide compat. with other thickeners Properties: Fine gran.; hydrates in cold and hot water to yield visc. sol'ns.; visc. 2900-3600 cps (1% aq.) Multi-Kem FG 60-30 [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, water binder for pet foods, bakery mixes; dairy stabilizer Features: Rapid hydration; wide compat. with other thickeners Properties: Coarse gran.; hydrates in cold and hot water to yield visc. sol'ns.; visc. 3300-4000 cps (1% aq.) Multi-Kem FG 60-50 [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, water binder for pet foods, bakery mixes; dairy stabilizer Features: Rapid hydration; wide compat. with other thickeners Properties: Coarse gran.; hydrates in cold and hot water to yield visc. sol'ns.; visc. 3750-4500 cps (1% aq.) Multi-Kem FG 60-70 [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, water binder for pet foods, bakery mixes; dairy stabilizer Features: Rapid hydration; wide compat. with other thickeners Properties: Very fine gran.; hydrates in cold and hot water to yield visc. sol'ns.; visc. 4800-5500 cps (1% aq.) Multiwax® 180-W [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline wax NF (100%), 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (< 10 ppm) See BHT CAS 63231-60-7; 128-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 UN 3257 Uses: Chewing gum base; protective coating on raw fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA §172.886, 178.3710; SARA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

§311/312 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan ENCS listed Properties: Wh. waxy solid; odorless; tasteless; sol. in org. solvs.; misc. with petrol. prods., many essential oils, most animal and veg. fats, oils, and waxes; insol. in water; sp.gr. < 1; visc. 14.3-18.0 cSt (99 C); vapor pressure < 0.005 hPa; m.p. 54-102 C; flash pt. (COC) > 210 C Toxicology: Ing. unlikely to have toxic effects, but may act as intestinal lubricant and result in diarrhea; inh. of vapor/mist may be harmful; aspiration may cause pulmonary edema or aspiration pneumonia; oil deposits in lungs may lead to fibrosis; prolonged/repeated inh. of excessive amts. of oil mist/vapors may cause respiratory tract irritation; when molten, may cause thermal burns; TSCA listed Environmental: stable in water; can be mechanically separated from water; not expected to be acutely toxic to aquatic organisms; prevent entry to sewers, drains Precaution: Will burn if involved in fire; oil will float on water and can spread any fire; residual vapors may explode on ignition; bond/ground all containers/equip.; spillages may be slippery; normally unreactive, but avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents, sunlight, UV light, heat, high temps. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: COx, soot HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place away from strong sunlight; store below 90 C; keep containers tightly closed to prevent contamination Multiwax® ML-445 [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline wax NF (100%), 2.6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (< 10 ppm) See BHT CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 UN 3257 Uses: Chewing gum base; protective coating on raw fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA §172.886, 178.3710; SARA §311/312 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan ENCS listed Properties: Wh. solid.; odorless; sol. in org. solvs.; misc. with petrol. prods., many essential oils, most animal and veg. fats, oils, and waxes; insol. in water; sp.gr. < 1; visc. 14.318.0 cSt (99 C); vapor pressure < 0.005 hPa 456

Part I: Trade Name Reference (20 C); m.p. 54-102 C; flash pt. (COC) 274 C min.; 100% act. Toxicology: Ing. unlikely to have toxic effects, but may act as intestinal lubricant and result in diarrhea; inh. of vapor/mist may be harmful; aspiration may cause pulmonary edema or aspiration pneumonia; oil deposits in lungs may lead to fibrosis; prolonged/repeated inh. of excessive amts. of oil mist/vapors may cause respiratory tract irritation; when molten, may cause thermal burns; TSCA listed Environmental: stable in water; can be mechanically separated from water; not expected to be acutely toxic to aquatic organisms; prevent entry to sewers, drains Precaution: Will burn if involved in fire; oil will float on water and can spread any fire; residual vapors may explode on ignition; bond/ground all containers/equip.; spillages may be slippery; normally unreactive, but avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents, sunlight, UV light, heat, high temps. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: COx, soot HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place away from strong sunlight; store below 90 C; keep containers tightly closed to prevent contamination Multiwax® W-445 [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline wax NF CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Chewing gum base; protective coating on raw fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA §172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Lt. yel. to wh. wax; odorless; tasteless; misc. with petrol. prods., many essential oils, most animal and veg. fats, oils, and waxes; sp.gr. < 1; visc. 14.3-18.0 cSt (99 C); m.p.77-82 C; flash pt. (COC) 274 C min. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers such as hydrogen peroxide, bromine, and chromic acid; use heat protective impervious gloves when handling molten product; use chemical safety goggles and, if handling hot, full face shield Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from heat, flame and strong oxidizing agents; storage temp. < 93 C Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Multiwax® W-835 [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline wax NF (100%), 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (< 10 ppm) See BHT CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 UN 3257 Uses: Chewing gum base; protective coating on raw fruits and vegetables Features: Relatively high m.p. Regulatory: FDA §172.886, 178.3710; SARA §311/312 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan ENCS listed Properties: Wh. waxy solid; odorless; tasteless; sol. in org. solvs.; insol. in water; sp.gr. < 1; visc. 14.3-18.0 cSt (99 C); vapor pressure < 0.005 hPa (20 C); m.p. 54-102 C; flash pt. (COC) > 210 C Toxicology: Ing. unlikely to have toxic effects, but may act as intestinal lubricant and result in diarrhea; inh. of vapor/mist may be harmful; aspiration may cause pulmonary edema or aspiration pneumonia; oil deposits in lungs may lead to fibrosis; prolonged/repeated inh. of excessive amts. of oil mist/vapors may cause respiratory tract irritation; when molten, may cause thermal burns; TSCA listed Environmental: stable in water; can be mechanically separated from water; will float on surf. of water; not expected to be acutely toxic to aquatic organisms; prevent entry to sewers, drains Precaution: Will burn if involved in fire; oil will float on water and can spread any fire; residual vapors may explode on ignition; bond/ground all containers/equip.; spillages may be slippery; normally unreactive, but avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents, sunlight, UV light, heat, high temps. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: COx, soot HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place away from strong sunlight; store below 90 C; keep containers tightly closed to prevent contamination Mushroom Booster, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor of dry mushroom, beef, marinades for food prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 457

Part I: Trade Name Reference 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. liq.; char. mushroom, waxy, sweat, green taste; sol. in oil, alcohol Use Level: 10 ppm as consumed Must Enhancer, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to impart "freshly picked, vine ripened" taste to berry, fruit flavors and prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless to lt. yel., cl. liq.; tasteless, sl. saltly taste; sol. in alcohol, PG, water, oil Use Level: 0.1-1.0 ppm as consumed Mycolase™ [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Uses: Enzyme for liquefying and saccharifying starch into fermentable sugars for use in juices Mylose 120 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in fermentation prods., baby food, coffee creamers Mylose 150 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in fermentation prods., baby food, coffee creamers Mylose 151 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in fermentation prods., baby food, coffee creamers Mylose 220 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 33 DE; 72% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in baby food, beverages, coffee creamers, spray dried prods. Properties: Visc. 1.2 Pas (40 C)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mylose 251 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: enzyme converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in baby food, beverages, coffee creamers, spray dried prods. Mylose 451 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 39 DE; 79% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in high-boiling confectionery, chewy caramels, gums and jellies, fondant and cream fillings, processed fruit, bakery prods., ice cream Properties: Visc. 7.5 Pas (40 C) Mylose 461 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 39 DE; 81% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in high-boiling confectionery, chewy caramels, gums and jellies, processed fruit, bakery prods., ice cream Properties: Visc. 25 Pas (40 C) Mylose 471 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 39 DE; 83% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in high-boiling confectionery, chewy caramels, gums and jellies, fondant and cream fillings, chewing gum, processed fruit, bakery prods., ice cream Properties: Visc. 75 Pas (40 C) Mylose 651 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 41 DE; 79% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in chewy caramels. gums and jellies, candy bars, fondant and cream fillings, processed fruit, bakery prods., ice cream Properties: Visc. 7 Pas (40 C) 458

Part I: Trade Name Reference Mylose 658 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, processed fruit, bakery prods., ice cream Mylose 661 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 41 DE; 83% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in chewy caramels, gums and jellies, candy bars, processed fruit, bakery prods., ice cream Properties: Visc. 20 Pas (40 C) Mylose 671 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, low DE glucose syrup See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 41 DE; 83% DS CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in chewy caramels, gums and jellies, candy bars, fondant and cream fillings, processed fruit, bakery prods., ice cream Properties: Visc. 70 Pas (40 C) Myrcene Supra, FCC [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: 7-Methyl-3-methylene-1,6octadiene See Myrcene CAS 123-35-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-622-5 UN 2319 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in root beer, citrus, and fruit complexes (trace amts.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; DOT regulated; FCC compliant; listed in Canada, Australia, Japan, Korea, Philippines, China Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; m.w. 136.24; sp.gr. 0.7890-0.7975; dens. 6.60 lb/gal; b.p. 165 C; flash pt. (TCC) 44.4 C; ref. index 1.466-1.471 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; undiluted liq. may irritate skin and eyes; TSCA listed Myrj® 45 [Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-8 stearate CAS 9004-99-3 Uses: Food additive in bakery prods. Features: General purpose Regulatory: Canada compliance Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. cream-colored soft waxy solid; sol. in alcohol, disp. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; HLB 11.1; pour pt. 28 C; sapon. no. 82-95; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: Canada: 0.4% max. (baked goods) Myrj® 52 [Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-40 stearate NF CAS 9004-99-3 Uses: O/w emulsifier for foods; antifoam for processed foods, fruit jellies, preserves, sauces Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340 Properties: Ivory waxy solid or flake; sol. in water, acetone, ether, alcohol; sp.gr. 1.1; HLB 16.9; pour pt. 38 C; sapon. no. 25-35; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.02-0.05% (defoaming) Myrj® 52S Pharma [Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-40 stearate NF CAS 9004-99-3 Uses: Defoamer for food processing Regulatory: EP, FDA 21CFR §173.340 Properties: Wh. waxy granular solid; sol. in water, toluol, acetone, ether, Cellosolve, CCl4, alcohol; sp.gr. 1.1; HLB 16.9; pour pt. 38 C; sapon. no. 25-35; nonionic; 100% conc. Myvacet® 9-08K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glyceride, dist. Uses: Emulsifier for food processing Properties: Liq.; sp.gr. 0.94 (80 C); m.p. 4-12 C; HLB 3.8-4.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 410-440; hyd. no. 0-20; nonionic; 96% min. acetylation Myvacet® 9-45K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glyceride Uses: Emulsifier, lubricant, solvent for icings and shortenings Properties: Liq.; sp.gr. 0.94 (80 C); m.p. 4-12 C; HLB 3.8-4.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 43-53; sapon. no. 370-382; hyd. no. 0-15; nonionic; 96% min. acetylation Myvatex® 3-50K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate (dist.) and propylene glycol stearate (dist.) 459

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Sm. beads; sp.gr. 0.91 (80 C); m.p. 58 C; acid no. < 3; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic; 90% max. monoester Myvatex® 8-16K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated palm oil monoglycerides, dist. See Hydrogenated palm glyceride EINECS/ELINCS 294-638-9 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Beads; m.p. 61 C; acid no. < 3; iodine no. 28; nonionic; 72% min. monoester Myvatex® 40-06S [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Myvatex 3-50, lactylic stearate, potassium sorbate, and water Uses: Food emulsifier; improves aeration, volume, texture, and extends shelf life in cakes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.848, 172.856, 184.1505 Properties: Wh. creamy paste; HLB 3.8-4.0; acid no. < 13; iodine no. < 2; nonionic; 25% solids Storage: Prod. must not be allowed to freeze; 6 mo shelf life

glyceride; Rapeseed glyceride Uses: Emulsifier for foods; stabilizer for peanut butter Properties: Beads; m.p. 63 C; acid no. < 4; iodine no. 5 max.; 18% min. monoglyceride Use Level: 1.3-1.75% (peanut butter), FDA max. 2.77% Myvatex® Texture Lite® K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soybean oil monoglycerides, propylene glycol monoesters, sodium stearoyl lactylate, silicon dioxide See Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids; Silica; Soy glyceride Uses: Emulsifier for cakes, icings, cream fillings, whipped toppings, sauces Properties: Powd.; sp.gr. 0.94 (80 C); HLB 3.84.0; acid no. < 13; iodine no. 3 max.; nonionic; 80% min. monoester Myverol 18-01 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. monoglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Surfactant for foods Properties: Microbead; HLB 4.0; nonionic; 100% conc.

Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. monoglyceride prepared from soybean oil See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Self-hydrating dough strengthener, crumb softener, starch complexing agent, extrusion aid, bodying agent, extension aid for yeast-raised bakery goods, ice cream, frozen desserts, pasta, pet food; reduces stickiness, increases shelf life Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; water-disp.; sp.gr. 0.94 (80 C); m.p. 67 C; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 19-36; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Use Level: 0.25-0.5% on flour wt. (baked goods), 1% (cereals), 0.3% (snacks, pet foods), 0.25% (cake), 0.05-0.07% (ice cream), 1-1.75% (pasta) Storage: 12 mo shelf life

Myverol® 18-04 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. hydrogenated palm oil glyceride See Hydrogenated palm glyceride CAS 67784-87-6; EINECS/ELINCS 294-638-9 Uses: Emulsifier for baked goods, confectionery prods., dehydrated potatoes, etc.; texturizer and antisticking agent in toffees; emulsifier for infant formulas; emulsion stabilizer, antispattering aid in margarine; oil stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer, flavor enhancer in peanut butter Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505 (GRAS), EC E471 Properties: Sm. beads; sp.gr. 0.94 (80 C); m.p. 66 C; HLB 3.8-4.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Storage: 24 mo shelf life

Myvatex® Monoset® K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rapeseed oil monoglycerides, cottonseed oil monoglycerides, dist. See Cottonseed

Myverol® 18-04K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated palm oil glyceride See Hydrogenated palm glyceride

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Part I: Trade Name Reference EINECS/ELINCS 294-638-9 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for foods, candy, infant formula, margarine, peanut butter Properties: Sm. bead; sp.gr. 0.94 (80 C); m.p. 66 C; HLB 4.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic; 90% min. monoglyceride Myverol® 18-06K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated soy glyceride CAS 61789-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 263-030-5 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, candy, chewing gum, cake mixes, infant formula, whipped toppings Properties: Wh. bead, char. odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.92 (80 C); m.p. 69 C; b.p. 460 C; HLB 4.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; flash pt. (COC) 227 C; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2 g/kg; nonirritating to skin; sl. eye irritant Myverol 18-06PK [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monostearate (from hydrogenated soybean oil) See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; starch complexing agent, lubricant, and processing aid for extruded foods, for pasta, cereals, instant potatoes, snack foods, pet foods, ice cream, frozen desserts Properties: Powd.; sp.gr. 0.92 (80 C); m.p. 69 C; congeal pt. 70 C; cl. pt. 78 C; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Use Level: 1.0-1.5% (pasta) Storage: 24 mo shelf life Myverol® 18-07 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride, dist. CAS 61789-07-9; EINECS/ELINCS 263-028-4 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; texturizer, antisticking agent in toffees; gloss aid, crystallization promoter in confectionery coatings; emulsion stabilizer, antispattering aid in margarine; aerating agent for whipped toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505 (GRAS), EC E471 Properties: Sm. beads; sp.gr. 0.92 (80 C); m.p. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

68 C; HLB 3.8-4.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Storage: 24 mo shelf life Myverol® 18-07K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride CAS 61789-07-9; EINECS/ELINCS 263-028-4 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for foods, candy, chewing gum, cake mixes, confectionery coatings, infant formula, whipped toppings, peanut butter Properties: Sm. beads; sp.gr. 0.92 (80 C); m.p. 68 C; HLB 4.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic; 90% min. monoglyceride Use Level: 1.5-2.0% (peanut butter) Myverol® 18-35K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Palm oil glyceride See Palm glyceride CAS 97553-32-7; EINECS/ELINCS 307-189-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, confectionery coatings, infant formulas, shortenings Properties: Plastic; sp.gr. 0.94 (80 C); m.p. 60 C; HLB 4.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 36-45; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Myverol® 18-50K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated veg. glyceride, dist. See Hydrogenated vegetable glyceride CAS 61789-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 263-030-5 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, icings, cream fillings, cake mixes, shortenings Properties: Plastic; sp.gr. 0.94 (80 C); m.p. 54 C; HLB 4.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 50-60; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Myverol® 18-92K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sunflower seed oil glyceride CAS 91723-14-7; EINECS/ELINCS 294-518-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, icings, cream fillings, shortenings Properties: Semiplastic; sp.gr. 0.90 (80 C); m.p. 41 C; HLB 4.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 105115; nonionic; 100% conc. Myverol® 18-99 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. glyceryl monooleate deriv. from refined low-erucic canola oil See 461

Part I: Trade Name Reference Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; antifoam for food processing; emulsion stabilizer for diet spreads; emulsifier, aerating agent for icings; oil stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer, flavor enhancer in peanut butter Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS; EC E471 Properties: Semiplastic; sp.gr. 0.93 (80 C); m.p. 35 C; HLB 3.8-4.0; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 90-95; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Storage: 6 mo shelf life Myverol® P-06 [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol hydrogenated soybean oil monostearate See Propylene glycol stearate CAS 1323-39-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-354-3 Uses: Aerating emulsifier for cakes and whipped toppings; provides emulsion stability, extends shelf life; aerator for shortenings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.856, EC E477 Properties: Beads; sp.gr. 0.89 (80 C); m.p. 45 C; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic; 90% min. monoester Storage: 24 mo shelf life Myverol® P-06K [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. monoester from hydrogenated soybean oil and propylene glycol Chem. Analysis: 90% propylene glycol monoester Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, aerating agent in cakes and whipped toppings Properties: Sm. beads; readily sol. in fats and oils; sp.gr. 0.89 (80 C); m.p. 45 C; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; nonionic; 90% min. monoester content Myverol® SMG V [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. succinylated monoglycerides from hydrogenated palm oil or palm stearine Uses: Food emulsifier; dough strengthener for yeast-raised bakery prods.; provides good crumb softening and antistaling props. to baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.830 Properties: Beads; sp.gr. 0.94 (80 C); m.p. 58 C; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acid no. 70-120; iodine no. 3 max.; 12-20% monoester, 55% min. monoglycerides Use Level: 0.125-0.25% flour wt. (baked goods) Storage: 12 mo shelf life Myverol® SMG® VK [Kerry Bioscience http://www.kerryamericas.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated palm oil or palm stearine succinylated monoglyceride See Hydrogenated palm oil succinylated glyceride Uses: Emulsifier for shortenings, dough strengthener, softener for bread baking Properties: Beads; m.p. 58 C; acid no. 70-120; iodine no. 3 max.; nonionic; 12-20% monoester NAA-34 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleic acid CAS 112-80-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-007-1 Uses: Surfactant in food Properties: Liq.; m.p. 8 C; acid no. 198-204; iodine no. 84-92 max. NAA-35 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleic acid CAS 112-80-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-007-1 Uses: Surfactant in food Properties: Liq.; m.p. 8 C; acid no. 196-205; iodine no. 85-95 max. NAA-38 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleic acid CAS 112-80-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-007-1 Uses: Surfactant in food Properties: Liq.; m.p. 8 C; acid no. 196-205; iodine no. 97-107 max. NAA-60 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Caproic acid CAS 142-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 205-550-7 Uses: Surfactant food additive Properties: Yellowish transparent liq.; acid no. 425-483; iodine no. 7.0 max. NAA-82 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic acid CAS 124-07-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-677-5 Uses: Surfactant food additive Properties: Liq.; m.p. 15.5-16.5 C; acid no. 382390; iodine no. 0.5 max. NAA-102 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Capric acid CAS 334-48-5; EINECS/ELINCS 206-376-4 Uses: Food additive Properties: Liq.; m.p. 29.5-31.5 C; acid no. 323327; iodine no. 0.5 max. 462

Part I: Trade Name Reference NAA-122 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Lauric acid CAS 143-07-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-582-1 Uses: Food additive Properties: Bead; m.p. 43-44 C; acid no. 278282; iodine no. 0.5 max. NAA-142 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Myristic acid CAS 544-63-8; EINECS/ELINCS 208-875-2 Uses: Food additive Properties: Bead; m.p. 53-54 C; acid no. 242248; iodine no. 0.5 max. NAA-160 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Palmitic acid CAS 57-10-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-312-9 Uses: Emulsifier for food Properties: Bead; m.p. 59-62 C; acid no. 215220; iodine no. 1.0 max.

CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Emulsifier for food Properties: Bead; m.p. 54-58 C; acid no. 204210; iodine no. 0.5 max. NAA-176 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid (special) CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Emulsifier for food Properties: Bead; m.p. 54-57 C; acid no. 207212; iodine no. 0.5 max. NAA-180 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid (special) CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Emulsifier for food Properties: Bead; m.p. 65-69 C; acid no. 195206; iodine no. 2.0 max.

NAA-174 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid (special) CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Emulsifier for food Properties: Bead; m.p. 56.5-60.5 C; acid no. 202-208; iodine no. 1.0 max.

Nadex® 772 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn dextrin See Dextrin CAS 9004-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-675-4 Uses: Film-former, emulsifier, encapsulant for spray-dried flavors and oils for use in dry mixes (cakes, puddings, drinks); encapsulant, stabilizer for spices Features: Stable; low visc.; high sol. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to tan powd.; dextrin odor; disp. in cold water with agitation, optimal sol. @ 60-71 C; pH ≈ 3 (1%); ≈ 6% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity

NAA-175 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid (special) CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Emulsifier for food Properties: Bead; m.p. 54-58 C; acid no. 204210; iodine no. 0.5 max.

Naftonox® BHT [Chemetall GmbH http://www.chemetall.com] Chem. Descrip.: 2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol See BHT CAS 128-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-881-4 Uses: Antioxidant for food

NAA-171 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Palmitic acid CAS 57-10-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-312-9 Uses: Emulsifier for food Properties: Bead; m.p. 52.5-56.5 C; acid no. 209.5-215.5; iodine no. 2.0 max. NAA-172 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid (special) CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Emulsifier for food Properties: Bead; m.p. 54-58 C; acid no. 204210; iodine no. 1.0 max. NAA-173K [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid (special) CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Emulsifier for food Properties: Bead; m.p. 65-69 C; acid no. 195206; iodine no. 2.0 max.

NAA-175S [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid (special) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Naftonox® TMQ [Chemetall GmbH http://www.chemetall.com] Chem. Descrip.: Poly-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2dihydroquinoline See 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2dihydroquinoline polymer CAS 26780-96-1 Uses: Antioxidant for food Features: Faintly staining Nastar® [Cosucra SA http://www.cosucra.com] Chem. Descrip.: Native pea starch contg. 35% amylose and 65% amylopectin CAS 9005-82-7; 9037-22-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-685-9; 232-911-6 Uses: Gellant, viscosifier with exc. stability to high temps., to shearing, and to variations in pH; for instant soups and sauces, powd. puddings and desserts, canned foods, confectionery, meat prods., cereal prods., dehydrated prods., extruded prods. Properties: Wh. powd., neutral taste; 88% min. dry matter Storage: Store under dry conditions Natamax® G [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natamycin CAS 7681-93-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-683-5 Uses: Antimycotic agent for inhibition of yeasts, molds, fungi, shelf-life extender in beverages and wine Features: No added salt; natural; high efficacy at low concs.; no effect on taste, flavor, or color of food; no reported allergic or sensory reactions Regulatory: FDA GRAS; E235 and JECFA compliant Toxicology: May cause skin and eye irritation Precaution: Prevent exposure to chemical oxidants and sunlight; avoid contact with oxidizing agents, heavy metals Natamax® Gel [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natamycin CAS 7681-93-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-683-5 Uses: Antimycotic agent for inhibition of yeasts, molds, fungi, shelf-life extender in cheese surface treatment, dry sausages surface treatment Features: Improved surface adhesion; natural; high efficacy at low concs.; no effect on taste, flavor, or color of food; no reported allergic or sensory reactions Regulatory: FDA GRAS; E235 and JECFA compliant Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: May cause skin and eye irritation Precaution: Prevent exposure to chemical oxidants and sunlight; avoid contact with oxidizing agents, heavy metals Natamax® SF [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natamycin CAS 7681-93-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-683-5 Uses: Antimycotic agent for inhibition of yeasts, molds, fungi, shelf-life extender in spraying, shredded and blocked cheese, bakery prods. Features: No added sugar; natural; high efficacy at low concs.; no effect on taste, flavor, or color of food; no reported allergic or sensory reactions Regulatory: FDA GRAS; E235 and JECFA compliant Toxicology: May cause skin and eye irritation Precaution: Prevent exposure to chemical oxidants and sunlight; avoid contact with oxidizing agents, heavy metals Natamax® Salt [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: natamycin CAS 7681-93-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-683-5 Uses: Antimycotic agent for inhibition of yeasts, molds, fungi, shelf-life extender in shredded cheese, PVA cheese coating, dry sausages surface treatment Features: No added sugar; natural; high efficacy at low concs.; no effect on taste, flavor, or color of food; no reported allergic or sensory reactions Regulatory: FDA GRAS; E235 and JECFA compliant Use Level: ADI: 0.3 mg/kg body weight per day Toxicology: May cause skin and eye irritation Precaution: Prevent exposure to chemical oxidants and sunlight; avoid contact with oxidizing agents, heavy metals Natamax® [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: 50:50 powd. blend of lactose and active ingred. natamycin CAS 63-42-3; 7681-93-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200559-2; 231-683-5 Uses: Antimycotic for inhibition of yeasts, molds, fungi, shelf life extender in foods, cheese, meats, esp. suitable for surface applics. Features: Natural; high efficacy at low concs.; no effect on taste, flavor, or color of food; no 464

Part I: Trade Name Reference reported allergic or sensory reactions Regulatory: FDA GRAS; E235 and JECFA compliant Properties: Cryst.; low sol. in aq. sol'ns., most org. solvs.; more sol. at pH < 3 and > 9 Use Level: ADI: 0.3 mg/kg body weight per day Toxicology: May cause skin and eye irritation Precaution: Prevent exposure to chemical oxidants and sunlight; avoid contact with oxidizing agents, heavy metals National® 46 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca dextrin, corn dextrin, food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Encapsulant for citrus flavors and other delicate flavor oils, film-former, emulsion stabilizer for spray drying and in cakes, cookies, spice and beverage dry mixes Features: Low visc.; total replacement for gum Arabic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to lt. tan powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 3 (1%); ≈ 6% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 77-1744 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize, with erythorbic acid See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, freeze/thaw stabilizer, suspending agent for particulates in canned foods, soups, stews, gravies, pet foods Features: Reduces tendency for fat migration during retorting Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; pH ≈ 6; ≈ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

8% moisture National® 104 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener for high-solids systems, fruit fillings Features: Pregelatinized; exc. resist. to heat, acid, shear; good freeze/thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. coarse powd.; starch odor; bland taste; sol. in cold water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 150 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch based on waxy maize, erythorbic acid added See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, suspending agent for particulate ingreds. in canned foods, e.g., soups, stews, gravies, pet foods, etc. Features: Reduces tendency for fat migration during retorting Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 182.3041; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 3.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion 465

Part I: Trade Name Reference prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 0280 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca dextrin Uses: Crisping agent, gellant, film-former, texturizer for battered and fried foods, esp. French fries Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; dextrin odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 4 (1%); 7% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 465 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for high pH foods, acid-contg. foods, refrigerated/frozen foods, pie fillings, puddings, gravies, sauces, canned foods, aseptically processed foods (creambased sauces and puddings), microwavable prods. Features: Good resist. to heat, acid, shear; exc. cold temp. storage stability; develops smooth, short texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 711 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer for dry mixes, instant soups/gravies/sauces, instant fruit filling in baked prods., refrigerated/frozen prods. Features: Pregelatinized; ease of dispersion; imparts short, sl. grainy texture; good resist. to acid and heat; good cold temp. storage stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. sl. coarse powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 740 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer for low acid foods and dry mixes (puddings, cream fillings, pastry fillings, soups, sauces, gravies), retorted foods, cooked foods, and refrigerated/frozen foods; water binder in emulsion meats Features: Imparts smooth, short texture; exc. cold temp. storage stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from 466

Part I: Trade Name Reference dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 814 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Crisping agent, gellant, film-former, texturizer for battered and fried foods, esp. French fries Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 912 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Stabilizer for flavor and cloud emulsions in carbonated beverages, and other food emulsions, bakery emulsions, vitamin suspensions, liq. foods contg. oils and fats Features: Gum Arabic replacement Properties: Wh. fine powd.; pH ≈ 5; ≈ 11% moisture National® 1215 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch, unmodified See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener, texturizer, moisture Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

retention agent in foods, dry mixes, instant puddings, instant soups, instant gravies, instant sauces; moisture retention aid in cake mixes Features: Pregelatinized Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. coarse powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 1333 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer for foods, esp. lemon pie fillings, barbecue sauce, refrigerated/frozen foods, low-pH canned foods Features: Exc. resist. to overcooking; resist. to heat, acid, shear; very good cold temp. storage stability; imparts smooth, short texture Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 11% moisture National® 1457 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer for canned foods, low pH fruit fillings, aseptically prepared puddings and fillings, heatprocessed foods Features: Exc. resist. to high temp., shear, acid; imparts smooth, short texture; exc. low temp. and shelf stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture 467

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 1545 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch deroved from waxy maize, erythorbic acid added See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, suspending agent for particulate ingreds. in canned foods, e.g., soups, stews, gravies, pet foods, etc. Features: Reduces tendency for fat migration during retorting Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; pH ≈ 3; ≈ 11% moisture National® 1658 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer for foods esp. aseptically processed puddings, cream fillings, pastry fillings, retorted prods., refrigerated/frozen foods Features: Imparts smooth, short texture when hot, sl. firm texture on cooling; exc. cold temp. storage stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 320 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch See Food starch, modified Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Fat mimetic, lubricant, mouthfeel enhancer in cold-process liq. foods such as instant salad dressings, soups, sauces Features: Very oily; exc. visc. stability in liqs.; contributes virtually no visc.; very resist. to heat, acid, mech. shear; resist. to gelling Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd., bland taste; pH ≈6; ≈8% moisture National® 4012 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer for foods esp. cream/milk-contg. canned foods, pet foods, aseptically processed puddings, other cereal processing Features: Facilitates processing of canned foods in a shorter time, esp. in high temp. continuous retorts; imparts smooth, short texture; good resist. to high shear, acid conditions; provides exc. stability during refrigerated/frozen storage Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 5717 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener for turnover fillings (to prevent boilout during baking), dry mix instant gravies/sauces/salad dressings/beverages Features: Pregelatinized; yields high visc.; very stable @ low pH and extreme heat; withstands high acid and high shear conditions; relatively slow hydration rate Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. sl. coarse powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 468

Part I: Trade Name Reference 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 5730 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener, texturizer for baked or fried puffed foods, snacks, pet foods, crackers, other baked goods Features: Pregelatinized; produces wide variety of textures from light expanded items to crisp brittle prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. sl. coarse powd.; starch odor; neutral taste; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 4 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® 6912 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, suspending agent for particulate ingreds. in canned foods, e.g., soups, stews, gravies, pet foods, etc. Features: Reduces tendency for fat migration during retorting Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; pH ≈ 5; ≈ 11% moisture National® DSR [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Texturizer, nonfat milk solids replacement, mouthfeel enhancer for ice cream, frozen desserts Features: Does not mask desirable flavors or contribute off-notes; slows meltdown Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1444; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 7% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® Frigex [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, low temp. stabilizer for foods esp. puddings, cream fillings, dairy prods. Features: Very stable under low temp. storage; exc. resist. to heat, acid, shear; smooth, short texture; rec. for HTST, UHT, and conventional batch cooking Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland taste; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; 469

Part I: Trade Name Reference minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity National® Frigex HV [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for heat-processed dairy prods., puddings, cream pie filings, desserts; thickener for cream sauces, soups, Bavarian creams Features: Very stable under low temp. storage; smooth, short texture; clean flavor profile Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland taste; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Natural Chicken Key [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in meat, chicken, beef, soups Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Yel.-orange, cl. liq.; roasted chicken, meaty taste; insol. in water; sol. in oil, alcohol Use Level: 0.25 ppm as consumed Natural Flavor White Sour [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour, potato flour, lactic acid, and soy flour See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) flour; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Sour for French bread, English muffins, snack crackers, brown-and-serve prods., snacks Properties: Free-flowing powd.; pH 3.0-3.4; 11.513.5% protein Natural Replacer for Buchu [Natural Advantage Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Peach, berry, grape flavor for food Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. liq.; fruity, black currant taste; sol. in alcohol Use Level: 0.001-0.1ppm as consumed Natural Replacer for Onion [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to replace onion oil in food applics. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; strong onion flavor; sol. in alcohol, oil; sl. sol. in water Use Level: 0.1-10 ppm Natural Replace for Onion [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor in meat and savory flavors; replacement for onion oil Features: Strong onion flavor Regulatory: GRAS; CFR §172.510; 21 CFR §101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. colorless liq.; onion odor; sol. in alcohol, oil; sl. sol. in water Use Level: 0.1-10 ppm as consumed NatureTones™ [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Uses: Natural flavorings from beef and clam extracts, wine, vinegar, soy sauce, etc. Naturome™ Extracts [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Uses: Flavoring agent for alcoholic beverages, fruit juices, bakery fruit fillings Features: Volatile natural ingreds. NBF™ [Cargill Flavor Systems http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/] Uses: Butterfat flavor for food Properties: Powd. N-Creamer™ 46 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Emulsion stabilizer, encapsulant in fatcontg. spray-dried powds., coffee creamers, liq. emulsions (beverages, salad dressings, o/w emulsions) Features: Sodium caseinate replacement; more stable than caseinates in low pH systems 470

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. fine powd.; starch odor; sol. in cold water, optimal sol. @ 71 C; water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 4 (1%); ≈ 6% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity NDF™ [Cargill Flavor Systems http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/] Uses: Dairy flavor of sour cream, cream, condensed milk, milk, buttermilk, yogurt for food prods. Properties: Powd. NEOBEE® 18 [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hybrid safflower oil, refined, deodorized See Hybrid safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil CAS 8001-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-276-5 Uses: Oil for margarine, mayonnaise, salad dressings; solubilizer, solvent, lubricant for foods; nutritional fluid Features: Highly stable Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.30, GRAS; avail. in kosher grade Properties: Sl. yel. liq., sl. fatty odor, bland taste; sol. in alcohol, min. oil, acetone; sp.gr. 0.915; visc. 70 cps; iodine no. 90; sapon. no. 190; surf. tens. 31.6 dynes/cm. Toxicology: Nonirritating Storage: Avoid prolonged storage above 90 F NEOBEE® 895 [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tricaprylin CAS 538-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 208-686-5 Uses: Fat source in nutritional prods.; carrier for flavors, vitamins, essential oils, and colors Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher; Europe, Japan, Canada, Australia, and Korea listed Properties: Water-wh. liq.; bland odor and taste; sp.gr. 0.958; visc. 12.8 cSt (40 C); m.p. 9 C; iodine no. 1.0; sapon.no. 356; hyd. no. 3.0; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flash pt. (PMCC) 229.4 C; ref. index 1.446; 200 ppm moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >15,000 mg/kg; may cause very mild transient eye but not skin irritation when applied undiluted; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers below 32 C; avoid overheating or freezing NEOBEE® 1053 [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 73398-61-5; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Carrier, solubilizer for flavors, vitamins; diluent for food colors, essential oils; clouding agent for beverages; fat source for nutritional prods. Features: Min. oil alternative Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.30, GRAS; kosher; Europe, Japan, Canada, Australia listed Properties: Water-wh. liq.; bland odor and taste; sol. in min. oil, acetone, alcohol; sp.gr. 0.949; visc. 15.9 cSt (100 F); f.p. 5 C; iodine no. 0.1; sapon. no. 334; hyd. no. 1.2; flash pt. (PMCC) 260 C; ref. index 1.447; surf. tens. 29.9 mN/m; 0% RVOC; 0.05% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (rat) > 36 ml/kg; may cause very mild transient eye irritation but no skin irritation when applied undiluted Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store in sealed containers below 32 C; avoid prolonged storage above 32 C; avoid overheating NEOBEE® 1095 [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tricaprin CAS 621-71-6; EINECS/ELINCS 210-702-0 Uses: Hydrogenated fat replacement in margarine, icings, and confections Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS Properties: Cream-colored waxy solid; bland odor; visc. 20.1 cSt (100 F); m.p. 30-33 C; iodine no. 0.04; sapon. no. 300; hyd. no. 5; flash pt. (PMCC) 254 C; 1000 ppm moisture; 0.05% free fatty acid Toxicology: LD50 (rat) > 36 ml/kg; may cause very mild transient eye irritation; no skin irritation Environmental: biodeg.

471

Part I: Trade Name Reference NEOBEE® M-5 [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 73398-61-5; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3 Uses: Diluent, vehicle, carrier for flavors, vitamins, nutritional fluids; solubilizer, cosolvent for fragrances, flavors, food colors; clouding agent for beverages; source of nutritional MCT; fat source in nutritional prods. Features: Min. oil alternative Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.30, GRAS; kosher; Europe, Japan, Canada, Australia listed Properties: Water-wh. oily liq.; bland odor and taste; sol. in alcohol, min. oil, acetone; sp.gr. 0.945; visc. 14.9 cSt (100 F); f.p. -5 C; acid no. 0.10 max.; iodine no. 0.006; sapon. no. 345; hyd. no. 1.4; flash pt. (MCC) 260 C; ref. index 1.447; surf. tens. 28.8 mN/m; 0% RVOC; 200 ppm moisture Toxicology: LD50 (rat) > 30 ml/kg; may cause very mild transient eye but no skin irritation if applied undiluted Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store in sealed containers below 32 C; avoid prolonged storage above 32 C; avoid overheating NEOBEE® M-20 [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate CAS 68583-51-7; EINECS/ELINCS 271-516-3 Uses: Solubilizer, solvent, lubricant, essential oil diluent in foods Features: Low visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.30, 172.856; avail. in kosher grade Properties: Pale yel. oily liq., bland odor; sol. in alcohol containing up to 20% water; visc. 9.5 cps; f.p. -20 C; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 326; hyd. no. 0.6; flash pt. (PMCC) 176.7 C; 0.04% moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >5000 - 15,000 mg/kg; eye irritant; not a primary skin irritant; ing. does not cause adverse effects Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Avoid prolonged storage above 90 F; keep the container tightly closed and in a cool, well-ventilated place Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Neobor® [U.S. Borax http://www.borax.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tetraborate pentahydrate CAS 12179-04-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-540-4 Uses: Mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 181.30; SARA nonreportable, DOT nonregulated; Japan MITI; South Korea listed; Canada DSL Properties: Wh. cryst. gran. or powd.; odorless; sol. in water, glycols; m.w. 291.35; sp.gr. 1.81; vapor pressure negligible (20 C); m.p. < 200 C; pH 9.3 (3%); nonflamm.; > 99% act. Toxicology: OSHA PEL 10 mg/m3 total dust; LD50 (oral, rat) 3200-3400 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat) > 2.0 mg/l; low acute oral and dermal toxicity; inh. @ > 10 mg/m3 may cause mild irritation to nose and throat; TSCA listed Environmental: EC50 (Daphnia magna, 24 h) 242 mg; lg. amts. can be harmful to plants and other species Precaution: Reacts as weak acid which may cause corrosion of base metals; incompat. with strong reducing agents which will generate hydrogen gas NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Rec. dry indoor storage @ R.T. Nerolex™ FCC [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien1-ol See Nerol CAS 106-25-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-378-7 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Raspberry-strawberry effect Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515 Properties: APHA 20 max. cl. liq.; sol. 1 in 9 v/v (50% alcohol); sp.gr. 0.875-0.880; dens. 7.29 lb/gal; b.p. 222.2 C; acid no. 0.2 max.; flash pt. (TCC) > 100 C; ref. index 1.473-1.478 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; may cause eye and skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Nerol/Geraniol 60/40, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to add sweetness and warm, fruity notes to citrus, raspberry-strawberry, honey and other flavors to food prods. Regulatory: Flavor to add sweetness and warm, fruity notes to citrus, raspberry-strawberry, honey and other flavors to food prods. 472

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Colorless liq.; very sweet, deep fruity taste with citrus, raspberry overtones; sol. in most common org. solvs.; insol. in water; sol. 1:5 in 50% alochol Use Level: 10 ppm Nerolidol [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Z,E-3,7,11-Trimethyl-1,6,10dodecatriene-3-ol See Trimethyldodecatrieneol CAS 7212-44-4; EINECS/ELINCS 230-597-5 Uses: Fragrance, flavoring in food Properties: Cl. colorless to pale yel. liq.; sweetly floral, green, woody, lilly-like odor; sparingly sol. in water; sol. in many org. solvs.; m.w. 222.37; sp.gr. 0.870-0.876; b.p. 260-266 C; flash pt. (CC) 125 C; ref. index 1.478-1.483 Use Level: 1-10% Storage: Store in original container @ R.T.; test for quality after 30 mos. Neryl/Geranyl Acetates 60/40, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to add sweetness and warm, fruity notes to citrus, neroli, raspberry, honey and other flavors in food applics. Regulatory: GRAS; CFR §172.510; 21 CFR §101.22; kosher; FEMA Properties: Colorless liq.; very sweet, deep fruity taste with citrus, raspberry overtones; sol. in alcohol, oil; very sl. sol. in water Use Level: 10 ppm NETO® 7300-43/43 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid/enzyme converted corn syrup EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener NETO® 7350-50/43 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid/enzyme converted corn syrup EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Flavor, body, texture improver Neutrase® 1.5 MG [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Protease CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Neutral enzyme for dough extensibility improvement in the production of biscuits, crackers, wafers, and cookies Features: Reliable dough handling; consistently high volume; superior product appearance Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Brn. cl. liq.; water-sol.; dens. 1.25 g/ml Newlase F [Amano Enzyme http://www.amanoenzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase from Rhizopus niveus CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Enzyme for fats and oils processing Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water Toxicology: May cause skin irritation; repeated inh. of enzyme dust may induce sensitization and allergic-type reactions in sensitized individuals; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Storage: Store in cool, dry place NFDM Phos LD Instant [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Uses: Foaming agent in beverages Features: Buffered for use in coffee-based beverages Properties: Dens. 0.26-0.31 NFDM Phos Nth Instant [Kerry Ingreds. http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com] Uses: Foaming agent in beverages Features: Buffered for use in coffee-based beverages Properties: Dens. 0.36-0.44 N-Flate™ [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nonfat dry milk, polyglyceryl esters, food starch modified, guar gum See Food starch, modified; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Shortening replacement, volume improver, texturizer, moisture retention aid in cake mixes, baked goods, reducedcalorie baked goods, whipped prods., microwave cakes Features: Imparts uniform cell structure; exc. tolerance to shear Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §131.125, 172.892, 172.854, 184.1339 Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; insol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6.5 (1%); ≈ 10% moisture 473

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity N'Hance CM [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium salts, enzymes, azodicarbonamide, ascorbic acid, and calcium iodate See L-Ascorbic acid Uses: Dough conditioner for continuous mix bread prod. Features: Potassium bromate-free; provides rapid recovery from abusive dough development in continuous mix systems Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 6 oz/cwt flour Storage: 6 mos. shelf life under cool, dry conditions N'Hance (Phase I) Powd. [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy flour, calcium salts, ammonium sulfate, salt, ascorbic acid, azodicarbonamide, and fungal enzymes See L-Ascorbic acid; Sodium chloride; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Fermentation aid, dough conditioner for most yeast-raised bakery prods. Features: Provides extensibility and gasretaining props. Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 8 oz/cwt flour Storage: 6 mos. shelf life under cool, dry conditions N'Hance (Phase II) Tablets [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium iodate, azodicarbonamide, fungal enzymes, and other edible excipients Uses: Dough conditioner, dough strengthener in yeast-raised bakery prods. Features: Produces strengthening effects of potassium bromate; provide uniform oxidation of flour, improves gas retention, bread quality; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

esp. effective with low protein or poor gluten quality flours Properties: Tablets Use Level: 1-2 tablets in conjunction with Phase I Storage: 6 mos. shelf life under cool, dry conditions N'Hance SD [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy flour, calcium salts, ascorbic acid, azodicarbonamide, calcium iodate, and fungal enzymes See L-Ascorbic acid; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Dough conditioner for use on dough side of liq. fermentation systems where no compounded yeast foods are used, and for straight doughs, sweet doughs, Danish, frozen doughs Features: Potassium bromate replacement Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 0.375-0.5% Storage: 6 mos. shelf life under cool, dry conditions Niacet Calcium Acetate FCC [Niacet http://www.niacet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium acetate FCC CAS 62-54-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-540-9 Uses: Sequestrant, thickener, pH control agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1185; OSHA nonhazardous; RCRA, CERCLA, SAS Title II nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; sol. 26% in water, 2.5% in methanol, 0.1% in ethanol; m.w. 167.10; bulk dens. ≈ 30 lbs/ft3; m.p. 445 C; pH 6.3-8.3 (10% aq.); 99.0% min. purity (dry basis) Toxicology: Relatively low toxicity; strong sol'ns. may cause some eye irritation; transient irritant on inhalation of dust; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear safety glasses; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO Niacet Calcium Propionate FCC [Niacet http://www.niacet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium propionate CAS 4075-81-4; EINECS/ELINCS 223-795-8 Uses: Antimicrobial for control of molds in foods (baked goods, bread, rolls, pies, cakes, pie fillings, cheese), animal feeds 474

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1221 (GRAS) Properties: Wh. powd. or gran.; sol. 28.5% in water, 2% in methanol; m.w. 186.22; m.p. 400 C dec.; pH 8-9.5 (10% aq.); 99% min. purity Use Level: 3-5 oz/cwt flour (wh. bread), 2-4 oz/cwt batter (cheese cake), 0.3% max. (cheese prods.) Toxicology: Food additives, low toxicity; minimal reaction on skin and eye contact; breathing concs. of dust will be irritating Niacet Sodium Acetate 60% FCC [Niacet http://www.niacet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acetate FCC See Sodium acetate anhydrous CAS 127-09-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-823-8 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, pH control agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1721 Properties: Cl. fine cryst.; sol. 73% in methanol, 58% in water, 12% in ethanol; m.w. 136.09; m.p. 58 C; pH 6.5-8.5 (10% aq.); 99% min. purity Toxicology: Low toxicity; strong sol'ns. will cause some eye irritation; only mild skin irritation on prolonged contact Niacet Sodium Acetate Anhyd. FCC [Niacet http://www.niacet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acetate anhyd. FCC See Sodium acetate anhydrous CAS 127-09-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-823-8 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, pH control agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1721 (GRAS) Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. 26% in methanol, 3.2% in ethanol; sol. 58% in water @ 60 C; m.w. 82.03; m.p. 324 C; pH 7.5-9.2 (10% aq.); 99% min. purity Toxicology: Low toxicity; strong sol'ns. will cause some eye irritation; only mild skin irritation on prolonged contact Precaution: Wear safety glasses; avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents and production of airborne particles Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO Niacet Sodium Diacetate FCC [Niacet http://www.niacet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium diacetate FCC CAS 126-96-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-814-9 Uses: Antimicrobial, flavoring agent, adjuvant, and pH control agent, acetic acid source, sodium acetate source in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1754 (GRAS) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. 40% i water, 26% in methanol, 5% in ethanol; m.w. 142.09; m.p. 328 C; pH 4.0-5.0 (10% aq.); 58-60% purity; 39-41% avail. acetic acid Toxicology: Moderately toxic; skin irritant, serious eye irritant on prolonged contact with dust or strong sol'ns. Niacet Sodium Propionate FCC [Niacet http://www.niacet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium propionate FCC CAS 137-40-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-290-4 Uses: Antimicrobial for control of mold in foods (baked goods, bread, rolls, pie crust and fillings, cake, cheese prods.), animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1784 (GRAS) Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. 49% in water, 14% in methanol, 1.4% in ethanol; m.w. 96.06; m.p. 285 C; pH 7.5-9.0 (10% aq.); 99% min. purity Use Level: 3-5 oz/cwt flour (wh. bread), 2-4 oz/cwt batter (cheese cake), 0.3% max. (cheese prods.) Toxicology: Food additive, low toxicity; minimal reaction on skin and eye contact; breathing concs. of dust will be irritating Niacin USP, FCC [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nicotinic acid USP-FCC CAS 59-67-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-441-0 Uses: Vitamin, pellagra preventive for supplementing cereal grain foods Properties: Wh. fine gran. cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless; sol. 1 g/60 ml water; freely sol. in boiling alcohol, sol'ns. of alkali hydroxides and carbonates; pract. insol. in ether; m.w. 123.11; bulk dens. 0.56 g/ml (loose); m.p. 234-238 C; 99.5-101% assay Toxicology: Ingestion may produce vascular dilation; high level intakes may produce severe liver damage Storage: Store in tight, light-resist. containers; avoid exposure to moisture, excessive heat Niacinamide USP, FCC [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Niacinamide USP FCC CAS 98-92-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-713-4 Uses: Essential nutrient for multivitamin preps. and food fortification Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst. powd., nearly odorless, bitter taste; pH (5% aq. sol'n.) 6.07.5, m.p. 128-131 C, 70% min. through 40 mesh, 5% min. through 100 mesh; sol. 1 g/1 ml water, 1.5 ml alcohol, 10 ml glycerin; m.w. 475

Part I: Trade Name Reference 122.13; m.p. 128-131 C; 99.0-101% (dried) assay Storage: Store in dry place @ 59-86 F Nipabutyl [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Butylparaben NF, BP, FCC, Eur. Ph. CAS 94-26-8; EINECS/ELINCS 202-318-7 Uses: Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; EC 0.4% max.; Japan 1% Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless or very faint aromatic odor, tasteless; sol. (g/100 g solv.) 240 g acetone, 220 g methanol, 208 g ethanol, > 200 g IPA, 150 g ether, > 100 g lanolin; m.w. 194.23; m.p. 68-69 C; > 99% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 5 g/kg; nonirritating to skin; sl. irritating to eyes Nipabutyl Sodium [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium butylparaben CAS 36457-20-2; EINECS/ELINCS 253-049-7 Uses: Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods Properties: Wh. fine hygroscopic powd.; sol. in cold water; m.w. 216.21; pH 9.5-10.5 (0.1% aq.); > 99% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 2 g/kg; pure material irritating to skin; sl. irritating to eyes and nasal passages Nipacide® OPP [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: O-Phenyl phenol See oPhenylphenol CAS 90-43-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-993-5 Uses: Preservative for citrus fruit Properties: Cream to wh. flakes, sl. phenolic odor; sol. (g/100 g): 800 g in methanol, 660 g acetone, 590 g ethanol, 490 g ether, 300 g propylene glycol, 275 g ethylene glycol, 270 g benzene; m.w. 170; bulk dens. 0.60-0.65; m.p. 56-58 C; b.p. 286 C; flash pt. (COC) 138 C; 99.5% min. purity Use Level: 0.15-1.3% (citrus dips) Toxicology: LD50 (rats) 2000 mg/kg; harmful by ingestion; corrosive to skin and eyes Storage: Unlimited shelf life if protected from light and moisture; keep containers tightly closed

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nipacombin SK [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Combination of sodium salts of para hydroxy benzoic acid esters Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative for foods Features: For use to pH 8.0-8.5 Properties: Sol. in cold water Nipagin A [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethylparaben NF, BP, FCC, Eur.Ph. CAS 120-47-8; EINECS/ELINCS 204-399-4 Uses: Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods (beer, flavors, fruit juices, fish, pickles, sauces, soft drinks, yogurt) Regulatory: FDA GRAS; EC 0.4% max.; Japan 1% Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd., odorless or very faint aromatic odor, tasteless; sol. (g/100 g solv.) 84 g acetone, 81 g methanol, 70 g ethanol, 40 g ether, 30 g lanolin; m.w. 166.18; m.p. 115-117 C; pH 7; > 99% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 8 g/kg; sl. poisonous if swallowed; nonirritating to skin; sl. irritating to eyes; produces a sl. burning sensation of mouth and tongue Environmental: not very resist. to microbial degradation Precaution: Dust in confined conditions can be a dangerous fire and explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Decomp. may produce acrid irritating thick black smoke Nipagin A Sodium [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium ethylparaben CAS 35285-68-8; EINECS/ELINCS 252-487-6 Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods (beer, flavors, fruit juices, fish, pickles, sauces, soft drinks, yogurt) Properties: Wh. fine powd., almost odorless, tasteless; hygroscopic; sol. in cold water; m.w. 188.16; pH 9.5-10.5 (0.1% aq.); > 99% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2.5 g/kg; sl. poisonous if swallowed; pure material irritating to skin; severe eye irritant; sl. irritating to nasal passages; produces sl. burning sensation of mouth and tongue Environmental: not very resist. to microbial degradation Precaution: Dust in confined conditions can be dangerous fire and explosion hazard 476

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Decomp. may produce acrid irritating thick black smoke Nipagin M [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methylparaben NF, BP, FCC, Eur. Ph. CAS 99-76-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-785-7 Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods (beer, flavors, fruit juices, fish, pickles, sauces, soft drinks, yogurt, soy sauce) Regulatory: FDA GRAS; EC 0.4% max.; Japan 1% Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd., odorless or very faint aromatic odor, tasteless; sol. (g/100 g solv.): 64 g acetone, 60 g IPA, 58 g methanol, 48 g ethanol, 35 g propylene glycol, 23 g ether; m.w. 152.15; m.p. 125-128 C; b.p. 298.6 C; pH ≤ 7; > 99% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 8 g/kg; sl. poisonous if swallowed; sl. irritating to eyes; nonirritating to skin; produces sl. burning sensation of mouth and tongue Environmental: not very resist. to microbial degradation Precaution: Dust in confined conditions can be dangerous fire and explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Decomp. may produce acrid irritating thick black smoke Nipagin M Sodium [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium methylparaben CAS 5026-62-0; EINECS/ELINCS 225-714-1 Uses: Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods (beer, flavors, fruit juices, fish, pickles, sauces, soft drinks, yogurt) Properties: Wh. powd., almost odorless, tasteless; hygroscopic; sol. in cold water; m.w. 174.1; pH 9.5-10.5 (0.1%); > 99% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2.0 g/kg; poisonous if swallowed; severe eye irritant; sl. irritating to skin; sl. irritating to nasal passages; produces sl. burning sensation of mouth and tongue Environmental: not very resist. to microbial degradation Precaution: Dust in confined conditions can be dangerous fire and explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Decomp. may produce acrid irritating thick black smoke

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nipanox® BHT [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHT CAS 128-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-881-4 Uses: Antioxidant for food Properties: Colorless or wh. cryst. powd., odorless and tasteless; insol. in water; m.w. 220.4; f.p. 69.2 C; b.p. 265 C; flash pt. (PM) 122 C; > 99.5% act. Toxicology: Nontoxic Nipasept Sodium® [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium methylparaben, sodium propylparaben, and sodium ethylparaben Uses: Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for aq. foodstuffs Features: Suitable for alkaline preps. to pH 8.08.5 Properties: Sol. in cold water Nipasol M [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylparaben NF, BP, FCC, Eur.Ph. CAS 94-13-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-307-7 Uses: Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; EC 0.4% max.; Japan 1% Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd., odorless or very faint aromatic odor, tasteless; sol. (g/100 g solv.): 105 g acetone, 100 g in methanol, ethanol, 88 g IPA, 80 g lanolin, 50 g ether; m.w. 180.20; m.p. 95-98 C; > 99% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 8 g/kg (pract. nonharmful by ingestion); nonirritant to skin; sl. irritant to eyes Nipasol M Sodium [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium propylparaben CAS 35285-69-9; EINECS/ELINCS 252-488-1 Uses: Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods Properties: Wh. hygroscopic powd.; sol. in cold water; m.w. 202.2; pH 9.5-10.5 (0.1%); > 99% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 3.7 g/kg (pract. nonharmful); nonirritating to skin; sl. irritating to eyes, nasal passages Nipastat® [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methylparaben (> 50%), 477

Part I: Trade Name Reference butylparaben (> 20%), ethylparaben (<15%), and propylparaben (< 10%) Uses: Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods, veg. extracts Regulatory: USA, ECC, and Japanese approvals Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd., virtually odorless, tasteless; sol. 0.14% in water; m.p. 60-125 C; pH 7.0 (10% aq.) Toxicology: Pract. nonharmful by ingestion; nonirritating to skin; sl. irritating to eyes Nisaplin® [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nisin CAS 1414-45-5; EINECS/ELINCS 215-807-5 Uses: Antimicrobial, protectant, bacterial inhibitor for all types of foods such as dairy, meat, bakery prods., and beverages; controls the growth of gram-positive bacteria Features: Manufactured by controlled fermentation, concentration, separation and spray-drying before milling into fine particles, standardization, and pkg. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; JECFA approved; E234 (EI25) Properties: Wh. powd. Use Level: ADI: 0-33.00 units/kg body weight Nisaplin® BS [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nisin CAS 1414-45-5; EINECS/ELINCS 215-807-5 Uses: Antimicrobial, protectant, bacterial inhibitor for bakery applics., e.g., hot plate flour products such as crumpets Features: Heat protected; manufactured by controlled fermentation, concentration, separation and spray-drying before milling into fine particles, standardization, and pkg. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; JECFA approved; E234 (EI25) Nisaplin® ND [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nisin CAS 1414-45-5; EINECS/ELINCS 215-807-5 Uses: Antimicrobial, protectant, bacterial inhibitor for all types of foods that are nondairy; controls the growth of grampositive bacteria Features: Manufactured by controlled fermentation, concentration, separation and spray-drying before milling into fine particles, standardization, and pkg. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; JECFA approved; E234 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(EI25) Nissan Anon BL [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethyl dodecyl betaine See Lauryl betaine CAS 683-10-3; EINECS/ELINCS 211-669-5 Uses: Germicide in foods; extraction aid in fermentation Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; pH 4.5-6.5; amphoteric; 30-33% min. act. Nissan Cation AB [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride See Steartrimonium chloride CAS 112-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-929-1 Uses: Germicide in foods, fermentation Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; cationic; 23% min. act. Nissan Cation BB [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride See Laurtrimonium chloride CAS 112-00-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-927-0 Uses: Germicide in foods, fermentation Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; cationic; 30% min. act. Nissan Cation F2-40E [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Coco-alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride See Cocoalkonium chloride Uses: Germicide in foods and fermentation Properties: Colorless liq.; cationic; 40-44% min. act. Nissan Cation F2-50 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Coco-alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride See Cocoalkonium chloride Uses: Germicide in foods, fermentation Regulatory: JP compliance Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; cationic; 50% min. act. Nissan Cation F2-50E [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Coco-alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride See Cocoalkonium chloride Uses: Germicide in foods and fermentation Regulatory: JP compliance Properties: Colorless liq.; cationic; 48-52% min. act. Nissan Cation M2-100 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Tetradecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride See Myristalkonium 478

Part I: Trade Name Reference chloride CAS 139-08-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-352-0 Uses: Germicide in foods Properties: Wh. or lt. yel. cryst. powd.; cationic; 85% min. act. Nissan Cation PB-40 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride See Cetrimonium chloride CAS 112-02-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-928-6 Uses: Germicide in foods, fermentation Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; cationic; 40% min. act. Nissan Cation PB-300 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride See Cetrimonium chloride CAS 112-02-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-928-6 Uses: Germicide for food prep., fermentation Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; cationic; 26-29% act. Nissan Cation S2-100 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride See Stearalkonium chloride CAS 122-19-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-527-9 Uses: Germicide in food prep. Properties: Wh. or lt. yel. cryst. powd.; cationic; 85% min. act. Nissan Nonion CP-08R [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan caprylate Uses: Emulsifier, o/w emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Properties: Liq.; oil-sol.; HLB 7.3; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion DN-202 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE lauryl ether See Laureth CAS 9002-92-0 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Liq.; oil-sol.; HLB 6.2; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion DN-203 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE lauryl ether See Laureth CAS 9002-92-0 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Liq.; oil-sol.; HLB 7.9; nonionic; 100% conc. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nissan Nonion DN-209 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE lauryl ether See Laureth CAS 9002-92-0 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Liq.; oil-sol.; HLB 13.2; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion LP-20R, LP-20RS [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan laurate CAS 1338-39-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-663-3 Uses: Emulsifier, o/w emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Properties: Gardner 5 max. oily liq.; sol. in methanol, ethanol, acetone, xylene, ethyl ether, kerosene, disp. in water; HLB 8.6; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion LT-221 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 20 CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Gardner 6 max. oily liq.; sol. in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, xylene, ethyl ether, ethylene glycol, HLB 16.7; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion MP-30R [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan myristate Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Solid; oil-sol.; HLB 6.6; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion OP-80R [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan oleate CAS 1338-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 Uses: Emulsifier, o/w emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Properties: Gardner 9 max. oily liq.; oil-sol.; HLB 4.3; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion OP-83RAT [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan sesquioleate CAS 8007-43-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-360-1 Uses: Emulsifier, o/w emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Properties: Gardner 9 max. oily liq.; sol. in ethanol, acetone, xylene, ethyl ether, kerosene, methanol, warm in water; HLB 3.7; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion OP-85R [NOF 479

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan trioleate CAS 26266-58-0; EINECS/ELINCS 247-569-3 Uses: Emulsifier, o/w emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Properties: Gardner 9 max. oily liq.; oil-sol.; HLB 1.8; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion OT-221 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate-80 See Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Gardner 6 max. oily liq.; sol. in water, ethanol, acetone, xylene, disp. in methanol; HLB 15.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion PP-40R [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan palmitate CAS 26266-57-9; EINECS/ELINCS 247-568-8 Uses: Emulsifier, o/w emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Properties: Gardner 7 max. waxy solid; oil-sol.; HLB 6.7; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion PT-221 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE sorbitan monopalmitate Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Gardner 8 max. oily liq.; sol. in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, xylene, ethyl ether, ethylene glycol; HLB 15.3; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion SP-60R [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier, o/w emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Properties: Gardner 5 max. waxy solid; sol. in methanol, ethanol, xylene, kerosene, ethyl ether, disp. in warm water; HLB 4.7; nonionic; 100% conc. Nissan Nonion ST-221 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE sorbitan monostearate Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Gardner 5 max. oily liq.; sol. in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, xylene, ethyl ether, kerosene; HLB 14.9; nonionic; 100% conc. NKC-610 Benzalkonium Chloride [Taiwan K.K. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.taiwankk.com.tw/] Chem. Descrip.: Alkyldimethyl benzylammonium chloride See Benzalkonium chloride Uses: Biocide, algicide, bactericide, fungicide, foaming agent, surfactant for food processing Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; mild char. odor; sol. in water, alcohols, glycerine, acetone, similar polar solvs.; pH 6.0-8.5 (1%); 45-50% solids NKC-620 DCCNA [Taiwan K.K. http://www.taiwankk.com.tw/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium dichloro-striazinetrione See Sodium dichloroisocyanurate CAS 2893-78-9 Uses: Biocide, chlorine source for control of biofouling in food processing Properties: Off-wh. gran. solid; sol. 25 g/100 g in water; pH 6.5±0.1 (1%); 60 ± 3% avail. Cl N-Lite® CL [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, fat mimetic, lubricant, mouthfeel enhancer, stabilizer for flavorsensitive dairy systems, soft-serve frozen desserts, no- or low-fat puddings, yogurt, beverages, sauces Features: Oil-like props.; clean flavor; for batch or continuous processing; very resist. to acid, heat, shear Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; very bland flavor; disp. easily in water with minimal agitation; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity 480

Part I: Trade Name Reference N-Lite® D [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Texturizer, fat mimetic, mouthfeel enhancer for flavor-sensitive dairy systems, frozen desserts, yogurts, imitation cheeses, sour cream, no- and lowfat prods. Features: Rec. where sl. gelling is desired; gelatin and gum replacement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1444; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; very creamy, bland flavor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 6% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity N-Lite® L [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, fat mimetic, lubricant, mouthfeel enhancer for liq. food systems, no- or low-fat prods., spoonable salad dressings, canned soups, microwavable cheese sauces Features: Very oily; exc. stability to gelling; very resist. to acid, heat, shear Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; disp. easily in water with minimal agitation; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6.5 (1%); ≈ 9% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity N-Lite® LP [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Fat mimetic, mouthfeel enhancer, lubricant in cold-process liq. food systems, no- and low-fat prods., pourable instant salad dressings, dry mix soups, microwavable cheese sauces Features: Resist. to gelling, heat, acid, mech. shear; provides smooth, creamy texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 7% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity N-Lok® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified with corn syrup See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8; 8029-43-4 Uses: Encapsulant for flavors (esp. orange and lemon flavors), fats, oils, and vitamins, film-former, emulsion stabilizer in highsolids emulsions for spray-drying, dry mixes (cakes, cookies, beverages, spices) Features: Low visc.; exc. resist. to oxidation; total replacement for gum Arabic, gelatin Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 184.1865; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 4 (1%); ≈ 6% 481

Part I: Trade Name Reference moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity N-Lok® 1930 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified with Corn syrup added See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8; 8029-43-4 Uses: Encapsulating agent for flavors, fats, oils and vitamins Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; starch odor; disperses in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 4 (1%); ≈ 6% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; nontoxic; TSCA listed Environmental: no aquatic toxicity established Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Nofable AO-80 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleyl alcohol CAS 143-28-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-597-3 Uses: Surfactant in food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable AO-90 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleyl alcohol CAS 143-28-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-597-3 Uses: Surfactant in food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nofable AO-99 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleyl alcohol CAS 143-28-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-597-3 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable BO-90K [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium oleate CAS 143-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 205-590-5 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; anionic Nofable BO-90N [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium oleate CAS 143-19-1; EINECS/ELINCS 205-591-0 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable BO-90T [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Triethanolamine oleate See TEA-oleate CAS 2717-15-9; EINECS/ELINCS 220-311-7 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; anionic Nofable BO-99K [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium oleate CAS 143-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 205-590-5 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; anionic Nofable BO-99N [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium oleate CAS 143-19-1; EINECS/ELINCS 205-591-0 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable BO-99T [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Triethanolamine oleate See TEA-oleate CAS 2717-15-9; EINECS/ELINCS 220-311-7 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; anionic Nofable CO-90 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Cholesterol oleate See Cholesteryl oleate CAS 303-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 206-142-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable CO-99 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Cholesterol oleate See Cholesteryl oleate CAS 303-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 206-142-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless

482

Part I: Trade Name Reference Nofable EAO-80 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE oleyl ether See Oleth CAS 9004-98-2 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable EAO-90 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE oleyl ether See Oleth CAS 9004-98-2 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable EAO-99 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE oleyl ether See Oleth CAS 9004-98-2 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable EO-90 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Ethyl oleate CAS 111-62-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-889-5 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable EO-99 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Ethyl oleate CAS 111-62-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-889-5 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable ESO-99 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE sorbitan oleate Uses: Surfactant in food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable ESO-90 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE sorbitan oleate Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable FO-9061 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Fluoroalcohol oleate (1,1,7trihydrododecafluoroheptanol-1) Uses: Surfactant suitable for use in foods Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable FO-9062 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Fluoroalcohol oleate (1,1,2,2tetrahydrotridecafluorooctanol-1) Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable FO-9081 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Fluoroalcohol oleate (1,1,9trihydrohexadecafluorononanol-1) Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable FO-9082 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Fluoroalcohol oleate (1,1,2,2Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

tetrahydroheptadecafluorodecanol-1) Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable FO-9961 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Fluoroalcohol oleate (1,1,7trihydrododecafluoroheptanol-1) Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable FO-9962 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Fluoroalcohol oleate (1,1,2,2tetrahydrotridecafluorooctanol-1) Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable FO-9981 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Fluoroalcohol oleate (1,1,9trihydrohexadecafluorononanol-1) Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable FO-9982 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Fluoroalcohol oleate (1,1,2,2tetrahydroheptadecafluorodecanol-1) Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable GO-901 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol monooleate, 40% See Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic; > 99% act. Nofable GO-901P [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol monooleate, 80% See Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic; > 99% act. Nofable GO-902 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol dioleate See Glyceryl dioleate CAS 25637-84-7; EINECS/ELINCS 247-144-2 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic; > 99% act. Nofable GO-903 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol trioleate See Triolein CAS 122-32-7; EINECS/ELINCS 204-534-7 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic; > 99% 483

Part I: Trade Name Reference act. Nofable GO-991 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol monooleate, 50% See Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic; oleic acid content >99% Nofable GO-991H [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol monooleate, 99% See Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic; > 99% act. Nofable GO-991P [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol monooleate, 90% See Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable GO-992 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol dioleate See Glyceryl dioleate CAS 25637-84-7; EINECS/ELINCS 247-144-2 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable GO-993 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol trioleate See Triolein CAS 122-32-7; EINECS/ELINCS 204-534-7 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic; > 99% act. Nofable MO-90 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl oleate CAS 112-62-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-992-5 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable MO-99 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl oleate CAS 112-62-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-992-5 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable OO-9080 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleyl oleate CAS 3687-45-4; EINECS/ELINCS 222-980-4 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nofable OO-9090 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleyl oleate CAS 3687-45-4; EINECS/ELINCS 222-980-4 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable OO-9980 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleyl oleate CAS 3687-45-4; EINECS/ELINCS 222-980-4 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable OO-9990 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleyl oleate CAS 3687-45-4; EINECS/ELINCS 222-980-4 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable OO-9999 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleyl oleate CAS 3687-45-4; EINECS/ELINCS 222-980-4 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless Nofable PGO-900L [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Linear decaglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-10 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 279-230-0 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-900M [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Mixed decaglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-10 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 279-230-0 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-902L [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Linear diglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-2 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 256-367-4 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-904L [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Linear tetraglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-4 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-904M [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Mixed tetraglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-4 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic 484

Part I: Trade Name Reference Nofable PGO-906L [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Linear hexaglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-6 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-906M [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Mixed hexaglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-6 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-908L [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Linear octaglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-8 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-990L [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Linear decaglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-10 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 279-230-0 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-990M [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Mixed decaglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-10 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 279-230-0 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-992L [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Linear diglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-2 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 256-367-4 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-994L [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Linear tetraglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-4 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-994M [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Mixed tetraglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-4 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic

See Polyglyceryl-6 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-996M [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Mixed hexaglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-6 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable PGO-998L [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Linear octaglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-8 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable SO-901 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan monooleate See Sorbitan oleate CAS 1338-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable SO-902 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan sesquioleate CAS 8007-43-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-360-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable SO-903 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan trioleate CAS 26266-58-0; EINECS/ELINCS 247-569-3 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable SO-991 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan monooleate See Sorbitan oleate CAS 1338-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable SO-992 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan sesquioleate CAS 8007-43-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-360-1 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic Nofable SO-993 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan trioleate CAS 26266-58-0; EINECS/ELINCS 247-569-3 Uses: Surfactant for food Properties: Colorless; odorless; nonionic

Nofable PGO-996L [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Linear hexaglycerol oleate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part I: Trade Name Reference N-Oil® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca dextrin Uses: Texturizer, fat enhancer, mouthfeel enhancer, visc. builder for low-fat and lowoil foods, frozen desserts, pourable/spoonable salad dressings, margarine spreads, imitation sour cream Features: Can be processed under high temps., acidic conditions, shear Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 3.5 (1%); ≈ 7% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cavendish bananas Uses: Banana flavor for fruit preps., nectars, juices, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, baby food, ice cream, yogurt and other frozen desserts and soft food diets Features: Produced by ripening, hand peeling, pulping, sieving and deaerating banana pulp; then, aseptically processing and packaging in presterilized bags @ R.T. Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; GMO complaint Properties: Ripe banana color/flavor/odor; pH 4.7-5.2 Storage: 12 mos. when stored @ 15-30 C in sealed containers Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Liq. extract of corn and malted barley See Malt extract CAS 8002-48-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-310-9 Uses: Sweetener, malt flavoring agent, colorant, humectant, nutrient, shelf life Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

extender, texturizer for baked goods, baby foods, ice cream, confections, cereal Features: Enriches color to a rich golden appearance; contributes to nutritional value Regulatory: Kosher Properties: pH 4.3-5.5 (10%); 10-25% solids Storage: Store @ 40-90 F; 6 mos. max. shelf life Noopazyme [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: fungal Lipase CAS 9001-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 Uses: Increases the brightness and whiteness of cooked white noodles and reduces the grey color of pasta made from wheat flour of poor quality; antisticking agent and firmness improver for pasta Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored at 25 C; longer shelf life when stored at 5 C; store under dry and cold condition preferable under refrigeration Norfox® PGFC [Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/] Uses: Cooling agent for immersion cooling of packaged foods and beverages Novamyl™ 1500 MG [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzymes; wheat grits Uses: Shelf life extender, antistaling agent, water retention aid in baked goods; synergist in combination with other enzymes such as fungal α-amylase, xylanase, and lipase Features: Can be added on top of your current formulation as it does not affect dough characteristics, loaf volume or crumb structure; Effective in most yeast-raised products with baking times longer than 5 min. Properties: Powd.; 10-15% on 40 mesh Use Level: 0.2-0.8 oz per 100 lbs of flour (white pan bread, whole grain bread, soft rolls, buns) Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored at 25 C; longer shelf life when stored at 5 C; store under dry and cold condition preferable under refrigeration Novamyl™ L [Novozymes A/S http://www.novozymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: maltogenic amylase CAS 9000-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7 Uses: Shelf-life extender, antistaling agent in baked goods Features: Effective in most yeast-raised prods. with baking times longer than 5 minutes; 486

Part I: Trade Name Reference improve eating quality over time by maintaining softness and elasticity Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored at 25 C; longer shelf life when stored at 5 C; store under dry and cold condition preferable under refrigeration Novasin [Danisco http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nisin Chem. Analysis: ≤ 2% moisture CAS 1414-45-5; EINECS/ELINCS 215-807-5 Uses: Antimicrobial, shelf life extender for pasteurized processed cheese and liq. eggs, salad dressings, sauces, soups, convenience foods, juices, high moisture baked goods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; E234, EU25 and JECFA compliant Properties: Tan to brn. powd.; sol. in water Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored cool and dry Novation® 1600 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato starch See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch Chem. Analysis: ≈ 18% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, flavor enhancer, texturizer, binder, shelf life extender, consistency agent for aq. foods, fabricated potato prods., processed meats, canned vegetables or fish, pasteurized prods.; partial extender for potato flakes Features: Rec. for mod. temp./shear processing, neutral pH systems; low gelatinization Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; bland taste; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 1900 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato starch See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chem. Analysis: ≈ 18% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, flavor enhancer, mouthfeel enhancer for dry mix soups/sauces, low-fat prods.; water-binder, moisture loss reducer, shelf life extender, consistency agent in vacuum packaged meats Features: Rec. for low temp./low shear processing; low gelatinization; smooth texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; bland taste; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Use Level: 3-4% Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 2300 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: ≈ 12% moisture CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, flavor enhancer, stabilizer in foods, aseptic puddings, dips, sauces, salad dressings, highly acidic systems, fruit fillings Features: Rec. for high temp./high shear processing; imparts smooth, short texture; does not set to a gel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation 487

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 2600 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: ≈ 12% moisture CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, stabilizer, flavor enhancer in foods, retorted soups, gravies, cook-up home preps. Features: Rec. for low to mod. temp./shear processing at neutral pH; imparts smooth, short texture; does not set to a gel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 2700 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: ≈ 12% moisture CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener, texturizer, stabilizer, flavor enhancer in foods, sauces, gravies, soups, dry mixes, dairy foods, delicately flavored sauces, puddings, desserts Features: Rec. for low to mod. temp./shear processing at neutral pH; imparts smooth, short texture; does not set to a gel on cooling Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 3300 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca starch Chem. Analysis: ≈ 12% moisture Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, stabilizer, flavor enhancer, mouthfeel enhancer in dairy foods, yogurt Features: Lower hot visc.; rec. for high temp./high shear processing; imparts smooth, short texture; sets to tender gel on cooling Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 3600 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca starch Chem. Analysis: ≈ 12% moisture Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, stabilizer, flavor enhancer, mouthfeel enhancer in dairy foods, yogurt, sour cream, pasteurized puddings, desserts, soups, sauces; stabilizer, texturizer in fruit preps.; texturizer, reduces meltdown in ice cream Features: Lower hot visc.; rec. for mod. temp./shear processing; imparts smooth, short texture; sets to tender gel on cooling Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 488

Part I: Trade Name Reference 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 4600 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: ≈ 8% moisture CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener for instant foods incl. sauces, gravies, dry mixes; flavor enhancer in some food systems Features: Cold water swelling, providing props. of premium instant starches; exc. sheen, clarity, smoothness; short textured; mod. resist. to heat, acid, shear; improved shelf life stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 5600 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: ≈ 8% moisture CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener, texturizer for instant foods incl. soups, sauces, gravies, dry mixes; flavor enhancer in some food systems Features: Cold water swelling, providing props. of premium instant starches; exc. sheen, clarity, smoothness; short textured; mod. resist. to heat, acid, shear; improved shelf life stability Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream free-flowing coarse powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Use Level: 5% max. (dry solids basis) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 5600-OC [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: ≈ 8% moisture CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener, texturizer for instant foods incl. soups, sauces, gravies, dry mixes, organic foods; flavor enhancer in some food systems Features: Cold water swelling, providing props. of premium instant starches; exc. sheen, clarity, smoothness; short textured; mod. resist. to heat, acid, shear; improved shelf life stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream free-flowing coarse powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%) Use Level: 5% max. (dry solids basis) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to 489

Part I: Trade Name Reference static electricity Novation® 6600 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato starch See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch Chem. Analysis: 8% max. moisture CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Binder, texturizing agent, flavor, thickener in soya, vegetarian and fish burgers, meats, potato prods., dry mix soups and sauces Properties: Yel. powd.; dextrin odor; sol. in water; pH 4.8-7.0 Toxicology: May cause mechanical eye irritation Environmental: readily biodeg.; low potential to bioaccumulate Precaution: Wear safety glasses, gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, nitrogen, unidentified org. compds. Storage: Store @ ambient temps. in clean, dry, well-ventilated place away from odorous materials Novation® 8300 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rice starch from waxy rice See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch Chem. Analysis: ≈ 12% moisture Uses: Texturizer, freeze/thaw stabilizer, flavor enhancer for foods esp. aseptic puddings, dips, sauces, salad dressings, fruit fillings Features: Imparts smooth, short texture; does not set to a gel; rec. for high temp./high shear processing or acidic systems Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; very bland flavor; pH ≈ 6 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store away from highly aromatic materials Novation® 8600 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch Chem. Analysis: ≈ 12% moisture Uses: Texturizer, freeze-thaw stabilizer, flavor enhancer for retorted soups, gravies, and cook-up at home preps. Features: Rec. for mod. temp. and shear food processing @ neutral pH Regulatory: Meets Nat'l. Food Processor Assoc. stds. for thermophilic spores Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd., bland taste; pH ≈ 6 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Novation® 9230 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: ≈ 12% moisture CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, stabilizer, flavor enhancer in organic foods, aseptic puddings, dips, sauces, salad dressings, highly acidic systems, fruit fillings Features: Rec. for high temp./high shear processing, low pH systems; imparts smooth, short texture; does not set to a gel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 9260 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: ≈ 12% moisture CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, stabilizer, flavor enhancer in foods, retorted soups, gravies, cook-up home preps., organic foods Features: Rec. for low to mod. temp./shear processing at neutral pH; imparts smooth, short texture; does not set to a gel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by 490

Part I: Trade Name Reference skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 9270 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: ≈ 12% moisture CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener, texturizer, stabilizer, flavor enhancer in foods, sauces, gravies, soups, dry mixes, dairy foods, delicately flavored sauces, puddings, desserts, organic foods Features: High visc.; rec. for low to mod. temp./shear processing; imparts smooth, short texture; does not set to a gel on cooling Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 9330 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Organic tapioca starch Chem. Analysis: ≈12% moisture Uses: Visc. builder, stabilizer, texturizer, gellant, mouthfeel enhancer for processed organic foods, dairy foods, yogurt Features: Rec. for higher temp. and shear processing Regulatory: Certified as organic by LACON in Europe and by QAI in the United States Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd., bland taste; pH ≈6 Novation® 9360 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Organic tapioca starch Chem. Analysis: ≈ 12% moisture Uses: Visc. builder, stabilizer, texturizer, gellant, mouthfeel enhancer for processed organic foods, pasteurized puddings, desserts, soups, sauces, ice cream, dairy, fruit preps., sour cream Features: Rec. for mod. temp. and shear food processing Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd., bland taste; pH ≈ 6 Novation® 9460 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Chem. Analysis: ≈ 8% moisture CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener for instant foods incl. sauces, gravies, dry mixes; flavor enhancer in some food systems Features: Cold water swelling, providing props. of premium instant starches; exc. sheen, clarity, smoothness; short textured; mod. resist. to heat, acid, shear; improved shelf life stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%) Use Level: 5% max. (dry solids basis) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® 9560 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Starch Chem. Analysis: ≈ 8% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Texturizer and binder in sauces, gravies and a range of dry mixes 491

Part I: Trade Name Reference reconstituted at cold or ambient conditions Features: Works well if hot or boiling water is required; designed for use in processed foods labeled as organic Properties: Off-wh. to cream powd.; sp. gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 Toxicology: Particulates may scratch eye surf. and cause mech. irritation; low order toxicity orally and in skin contact; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3 Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temp. Novation® Prima 300 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Flavor synergist; texturizer, and stabilizer in food prods. that undergo low to mod. heat and shear conditions such as frozen and refrig. entrees, shelf-stable soups and desserts, dairy prods. and fruit preps. Features: Good freeze/thaw stability; tolerance to low temperature storage; bland flavor profile Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. to cream fine powd.; starch odor; sp. gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 Toxicology: Particulates may scratch eye surf. and cause mech. irritation; low order toxicity orally and in skin contact; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3 Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Novation® Prima 600 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Flavor synergist; texturizer, and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer in aseptic puddings, dips and sauces and salad dressings, highly acidic systems such as fruit fillings Features: Good freeze/thaw stability; tolerance to low temperature storage; bland flavor profile Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; starch odor; sp. gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 Toxicology: Particulates may scratch eye surf. and cause mech. irritation; low order toxicity orally and in skin contact; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3 Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity NovaXan 80 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Heat stabilizer, thickener, rheology control agent in bakery applics. Features: Enhances the structure of baked products without toughening, facilitating release from baking pans and reducing fragility of the finished prod, Use Level: 0.10-0.50% in bakery fillings; 0.010.10% in low-calorie breads NovaXan 200 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, rheology control agent in food; stabilizer in salad dressings, sauces and condiments Features: High visc. at low conc.; pseudoplastic flow behavior facilitates mixing, pumping, filling, and pouring; synergistic with other galactomannans; hydrates rapidly and effectively in dry-mix formulations Regulatory: FCC; NF JECFA Properties: Cream colored, free-flowing powd.; particle size 92% thru U.S. standard 200 mesh, 100% thru U.S. standard 80 mesh; visc. 1200-1600 cP; pH 6.1-8.1 Use Level: 0.05-0.20% in cakes, muffins; 0.030.020% in refrigerated, frozen dough systems; 492

Part I: Trade Name Reference 0.10-0.80% in soft cookies; 0.50-1.0% in gluten-free breads; 0.10-1.0% in batter coatings; 0.02-0.10% in tortillas Novelose® 330 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Dietary fiber, texturizer for foods, extruded foods, ready-to-eat cereals, snacks, pasta/noodles, some baked goods, fried foods Features: Resistant to digestion; provides uniform cell size, exc. expansion, improved processing; low water holding capacity; sm. particle size Properties: Wh. to lt. colored powd.; bland flavor; pH ≈ 5.5; 30% TDF; ≈ 8% moisture; < 1% fat Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store away from highly aromatic materials Novomega™ [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: encapsulated menhaden oil, modified food starch, soy protein, mixed tocopherols, and TBHQ See t-Butyl hydroquinone; Food starch, modified; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Tocopherol Chem. Analysis: 4% max. moisture; 41% polyenes; 28% monoenes; 31% saturates; caloric value 650 cal/100 g CAS 8002-50-4; 53124-00-8; 9010-10-0; 140618-4; 1948-33-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-311-4; 232-720-8; 215-798-8; 217-752-2 Uses: Oil that enhances nutritional value of baked goods and bread Features: Resists harsh processin g;easy to handle Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 182.1, 182.3890, 184.1472 Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; particle size 100 μ (avg.); bulk dens. ≈ 20 lb/ft3 Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6-12 mos. shelf life;store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight NP-3 [Nonpareil http://www.nonpareilpotato.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato extract See Potato Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Solanum tuberosum) extract Chem. Analysis: 7.6% max. moisture; 8% protein; 2.0-3.5% ash; 6.1% fiber; 0.8% fat CAS 90083-08-2; EINECS/ELINCS 290-202-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, binder, extender, and antioxidant in processed meats, poultry, and seafood; freeze-thaw stabilizer in hot dogs Features: Replacement for non-fat dry milk as a binder in hot dogs Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to lt. tan fine powd.; bland odor; pH 5.5-7.5 (20% slurry) Use Level: < 2% when used as a flavoring agent; ≤ 12% as binders and extenders; 3% as antioxidant in processed meats Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place in tightly closed containers NP-4 [Nonpareil http://www.nonpareilpotato.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato extract and sodium acid pyrophosphate Chem. Analysis: 7.41% moisture; 7.8% protein; 2.0-3.5% ash; 6.0% fiber; 0.78% fat CAS 90083-08-2; 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 290-202-7; 231-835-0 Uses: Flavoring agent, binder, extender, and antioxidant in processed meats, poultry, and seafood Features: Yields exc. liq. and flavor stability Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to lt. tan fine powd.; bland odor; pH 5.5-7.5 (20% slurry) Use Level: < 2% when used as a flavoring agent; ≤ 12% as binders and extenders; 3% as antioxidant in processed meats Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place in tightly closed containers NP-5 [Nonpareil http://www.nonpareilpotato.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato extract and mustard See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) extract Chem. Analysis: 7.57% max. moisture; 13.57% protein; 2.0-3.5% ash; 5.82%fiber; 9.7% fat CAS 90083-08-2; EINECS/ELINCS 290-202-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, binder, extender, and antioxidant in processed meats, poultry, and seafood; freeze-thaw stabilizer in hot dogs Features: All natural; pecially designed for use in injection and vacuum tumbling applics. Regulatory: Kosher 493

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Wh. to lt. tan fine powd.; bland odor; pH 5.5-7.5 (20% slurry) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in a cool, dry place in tightly closed containers N-So-Soft [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour; enzymes See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Enzyme softener in flour tortillas, bagels; shelf life extender in bagels Features: Special high-temperature resistant enzyme product; provide extended softness to products that endure high-temp. processing Use Level: 2-3 oz/100 lb flour (bagels); 6-8 oz/100 lb flour (tortillas); 2.5-3 oz/100 lb flour (pitas) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep containers well closed when not in use N-Surance™ [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: food starch, modifiedl and maltodextrin See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8; 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Heat-shock stabilizer for frozen desserts; prevents excessive coarseness and iciness in ice cream and other frozen desserts; ice crystal growth inhibitor, bodying agent, creaminess improver, meltdown controller in frozen desserts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 184.1444 Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; sp. gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (in sol'n.) Use Level: 1.5% Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Avoid dispersing powd. in air; prevent build-up of powd. on surf. HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6-12 mos. shelf life;store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight N-Tack® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup solids derived from waxy corn starch CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Tackifier, adhesion promoter for seasonings, flavors, and particulates on Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

snacks, cereals, reduced-fat snacks, pretzels, crackers, baking Features: Low visc.; high solids Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §168.121; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland taste; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 10% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Nu Mould™ [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch with mineral oil See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; 8012-95-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6; 232-384-2 Uses: Molding medium for confections such as marshmallows, jelly gums, cream centers, and caramels Features: Added mineral oil enables it to be easily compacted and used to form sharp molded impressions for confections; ensures dust-free prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh.powd.; starch odor; sp. gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (in sol'n.) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, N Nurupan™ [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fullfat toasted soy flour See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour CAS 68513-95-1 494

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Antioxidant, emulsifier, shelf life extender in dry baked goods, fancy pastry, confectionery Features: Extends freshness Properties: Powd. Nustar® [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca and potato See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for fruit pie fillings, processed foods, frozen meat pies and gravies, soups, sauces, oriental foods Features: Cook-up starch; stable to heat, acid, freeze/thaw stress; maintains clarity and sheen, resists syneresis Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; 98% through 100 mesh, 85% through 200 mesh; pH 6.0; 13% moisture Nu-Star® 115 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: modified potato starch Nu-Star® 120 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: modified potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Body/mouthfeel enhancer, freeze/thaw stabilizer, shelf-life/freshness improver in dairy; freeze/thaw stabilizer, moisture control agent, texturizer, water binder in meats; body/mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer, shelf-life/freshness improver, visc. control agent in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Nu-Star® 140 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Freeze/thaw stabilizer, humectant, visc. control agent, moisture control agent in bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer, freeze/thaw stabilizer, shelf-life/freshness improver, visc. control agent in dairy; body/mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer, shelflife/freshness improver, visc. control agent in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Features: Moderate visc.; exc. water binding chars. NutraFiber® NF 40 [Int'l. Fiber Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose Chem. Analysis: 5.5% moisture CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Bulking agent, shelf life improver, texturizer in food Features: Highly pruified; low calorie and low carbohydrate content; derived from all natural plant sources Properties: Inert in color, flavor, and odor; 8095% thru on 100 mesh; 60-95% thru on 200 mesh; avg. fiber length 60 μ; insol. in water; bulk dens.2.8-3.3 cc/g; water retention 5.5 g/g NutraFiber® NF 200 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Bulking agent, shelf life improver, texturizer in food Features: Highly pruified; low calorie and low carbohydrate content; derived from all natural plant sources Properties: Inert in color, flavor, and odor; 93100% thru on 100 mesh; 75-100% thru on 200 mesh; avg. fiber length 22 μ; insol. in water; bulk dens.2.1-2.4 cc/g; water retention 3.0 g/g NutraFiber® NF 300 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose Chem. Analysis: 3.0% moisture CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Bulking agent, shelf life improver, texturizer in food Features: Highly pruified; low calorie and low carbohydrate content; derived from all natural plant sources Properties: Inert in color, flavor, and odor; 100% thru on 100 mesh; 100% thru on 200 mesh; avg. fiber length 35 μ; insol. in water; bulk dens.2.1-2.6 cc/g; water retention 4.2 g/g NutraSweet® [NutraSweet http://www.nutrasweet.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aspartame CAS 22839-47-0; EINECS/ELINCS 245-261-3 Uses: Sweetener for foods, hot/cold beverages Features: Low-calorie; approx. 200 times sweeter than sugar; limited use in cooking and baking; loss of sweetness may result on prolonged exposure to high temps.; 2 calories/tsp. Properties: Crystalline powd., gran., 495

Part I: Trade Name Reference encapsulated, micronized, or liq.; odorless; particle size < 150 µm; bulk dens. 0.25 kg/l; 100% act. Storage: Indefinite shelf life if kept dry, away from heat and humidity Nutricol® ME 7421 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Konjac flour, potato starch See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch CAS 37220-17-0; 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 253-404-6 Uses: Gellant for foodstuffs Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §311 Acute Health Hazard; Canada DSL (konjac flour) Properties: Lt tan to tan powd.; marine odor; sol. 15% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6-9 (in sol'n.) Toxicology: Respiratory sensitizer Environmental: not expected to be toxic to the environment, aquatic organisms Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of nitrogen and sulfur NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Nutricol® ME 9420 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Konjac flour, potato starch See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch CAS 37220-17-0; 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 253-404-6 Uses: Gellant for foodstuffs Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §311 Acute Health Hazard; Canada DSL (konjac flour) Properties: Lt tan to tan powd.; marine odor; sol. 15% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6-9 (in sol'n.) Toxicology: Respiratory sensitizer Environmental: not expected to be toxic to the environment, aquatic organisms Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of nitrogen and sulfur NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Nutricol® XP 3413 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, Konjac flour, potato starch See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

starch CAS 9000-07-1; 37220-17-0; 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 253-404-6 Uses: Gellant for foodstuffs Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §311 Acute Health Hazard; Canada DSL (carrageenan, konjac flour) Properties: Lt tan to tan powd.; marine odor; sol. 15% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6-9 (in sol'n.) Toxicology: Respiratory sensitizer Environmental: not expected to be toxic to the aquatic organisms Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of nitrogen and sulfur NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Nutriene Tocotrienol [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tocotrienol tocopherol conc. Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement for foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 nonreportable Properties: Dk. red oily liq.; sl. odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.91 (30 C); m.p. 15 C; flash pt. > 93 C; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (skin, rat) > 2000 mg/kg; low hazard by inh., eye and skin contact; expected to be low ing. hazard Precaution: Can react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed Nutrifos® 088 [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate See Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 7758-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 213-837-7 Uses: Texturizer, retention agent in meat and dessert prods.; sequestrant inhibiting oxidative rancidity; moisture loss regulator during thawing/cooking; emulsifier for fat and protein; in pet foods, prod. of food starch, as egg wash, boiler water additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.6810, GRAS, 582, 172.892, 173.310; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 318.147; FCC compliance Properties: Anhyd. wh. free-flowing lt. dense 496

Part I: Trade Name Reference gran.; 1% max. on 16 mesh, 30% max. through 100 mesh; m.w. 367.9; pH 9.5-10.1 (1%); 90% min. assay Use Level: 0.5% max. (processed meat and poultry, seafood) Toxicology: May cause irritation to respiratory tract; avoid breathing dust Nutrifos® 100 [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: mixture of potassium phosphates CAS 7758-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 213-837-7 Uses: Antioxidant, moisture rentention aid during thawing and cooking; emulsifier for fats and proteins; sequestrant, pH control agent, buffering agent, coagulant, dispersing agent, protein modifier, curing agent, flavor enhancer, humectant, thickener, stabilizer, and texturizer in meat, processed meat, poultry and seafood Features: Highly soluble and sodium free Nutrifos® B-75 [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate See Pentasodium triphosphate Uses: Sequestrant inhibiting oxidative rancidity in foods; moisture loss regulator during thawing/cooking; emulsifier for fat, protein; solubilizer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.6810, 182.6760, GRAS; USDA approved; FCC compliance Properties: Wh. gran.; 15% max. on 20 mesh, 30% max. through 100 mesh Use Level: 0.5% max. (seafood, processed meats and poultry) Toxicology: May cause irritation to respiratory tract; avoid breathing dust Storage: Keep container closed Nutrifos® B-90 [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate blend See Pentasodium triphosphate Uses: Sequestrant inhibiting oxidative rancidity in cured meats, eggs, poultry, processed meats, seafood, and spice blends; moisture loss regulator during thawing/cooking; emulsifier for fat, protein; solubilizer Regulatory: FCC compliance Properties: Wh. gran. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nutrifos® BC [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate FCC See Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 7758-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 213-837-7 Uses: Sequestrant inhibiting oxidative rancidity in foods; moisture loss regulator during thawing/cooking; emulsifier for fat, protein Features: Fast-dissolving when dry-blended with sodium chloride Regulatory: FCC compliance Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 367.9 Nutrifos® L-50 [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate and tetrasodium pyrophosphate See Pentasodium triphosphate Uses: Sequestrant inhibiting oxidative rancidity in foods; moisture loss regulator during thawing/cooking; emulsifier for fat, protein; gellant in surimi Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.6810, 182.6789, GRAS; USDA approved Properties: Anhyd. wh. powd.; 10% max. on 100 mesh, 65% min. through 270 mesh; pH 9.810.5 (1%); 54% min. assay (as P2O5) Use Level: 0.5% max. (processed meat and poultry, seafood) Toxicology: May cause irritation to respiratory tract; avoid breathing dust Storage: Keep container closed Nutrifos® Powder [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium tripolyphosphate, anhydrous See Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 7758-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 213-837-7 Uses: Sequestrant inhibiting oxidative rancidity in foods; moisture loss regulator during thawing/cooking; emulsifier for fat, protein; in pet foods; prod. of food starch; as boiler water additive for food contact; as egg washing compd. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.6810, GRAS, 582, 172.892, 173.310; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 318.147 Properties: Anhyd. wh. powd.; 10% max. on 100 mesh, 65% min. through 270 mesh; pH 9.510.2 (1%); 90% min. assay Use Level: 0.5% max. (processed meat and poultry, seafood) Toxicology: May cause irritation to respiratory 497

Part I: Trade Name Reference tract; avoid breathing dust Storage: Keep container closed Nutrilife® [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Enzyme-protein compds. with primarily α-amylase activity CAS 9000-90-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-565-6 Uses: Enzyme for baking, improving mixing and fermentation tolerance, improving dough rheology, providing fine crumb structure, increasing volume; antistaling agent for baking Features: Synergistic effect with emulsifiers Regulatory: FAO/WHO compliance Properties: Powd.; bulk dens. 500-600 g/l; 5-8% moisture Storage: 1 yr. storage life if kept dry @ R.T. Nutriloid® Gum Arabic [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Soluble dietary fiber, emulsifier, coating agent, binder for powd. or liq. drinks, juices, milk shakes, soups, and sauces; flavoring agent Features: Helps emulsify, coat, and bind without increasing visc. Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 1 cps (1%), 10 cps (10%); 94.2% soluble fiber Nutrinova® Potassium Sorbate Granules [Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium sorbate CAS 590-00-1; EINECS/ELINCS 246-376-1 Uses: Preservative for a wide variety of food, yeast-leavened bakery prods., beverages, dairy prods., margarine and low-fat spread, and wines Features: Used in products with low water content Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher; GMO-free; JECFA compliant Properties: Grans., powd., or 50% aq. sol'n.; sol. in water Vinsorb® [Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium sorbate CAS 590-00-1; EINECS/ELINCS 246-376-1 Uses: Preservative for a wide variety of food, yeast-leavened bakery prods., beverages, dairy prods., margarine and low-fat spread, and wines Features: Used in products with low water content Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher; GMO-free; JECFA compliant Properties: Neutral taste and smell Nutrinova® Sorbic Acid [Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbic acid CAS 110-44-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-768-7 Uses: Preservative for a wide variety of food, yeast-leavened bakery prods., beverages, dairy prods., margarine and low-fat spread, and wines Features: Used in products with low water content Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher; GMO-free; JECFA compliant Properties: Sparingly sol. in water Nutriose® FB06 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: resistant dextrin CAS 9004-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-675-4 Uses: Dietary fiber for beverages, diary, soups, sauces, extruded snacks, cereals and baked goods; bodying agent and mouthfeel enhancer; improves the aftertaste of highintensity sweeteners; fat or sugar replacer Features: Adds fiber, reduces fat or sugar and lowers calories Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.30; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. powd.; negligible odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.0 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Nutrisoy® 7B [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipoxidase enzyme active and defatted soy flour See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Dough conditioner, crumb whitener for 498

Part I: Trade Name Reference breads and rolls Features: The enzyme bleaches yel. pigments in flour to produce a brighter, whiter crumb Properties: 7% moisture; 52% protein; 1% fat Storage: 18 mos. shelf life, best when used before 12 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Nutristim® [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Betaine CAS 107-43-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-490-6 Uses: Methyl donor for fermentation Features: Provides methyl groups helping to maintain high metabolic activity; used in the production of amino acids and some vitamins. N-Zorbit® M [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca maltodextrin, ammonium bicarbonate Uses: Dispersant, volume improver for dry food mixes, soup mixes, gravy mixes, cake mixes; diluent for spice blends, color blends, dry mix beverages; flow aid in foods contg. veg. oils and nonaq. liqs.; grinding aid for high oil or fatty foods, e.g., nuts; adsorbent for oils and fats; bulking agent for low-calorie, artificially sweetened dry mixes Features: Very low bulk dens. Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; bland taste; sol. in cold water; bulk dens. ≈ 6 lb/ft3; pH ≈ 7; ≈ 5% moisture O.B. Stabilizer [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Stabilizer for meringue toppings; prevents fillings from cracking during baking; also for bread wash, glazes, and icing Oenogum™ S FiltraClear [Colloides Naturels Int'l. http://www.cniworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Senegal Acacia gum See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Stabilizer for wines Features: Low fouling index and very low turbidity Properties: Powd. Use Level: 10 to 30g/hl Ointment Base No. 4 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; OSHA and FDA nonhazardous Properties: Wh. semisolid, odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.8 (60/60 F); visc. 60-70 SUS (210 F); m.p. 118-125 F; congeal pt. 109-119 F; flash pt. (COC) 400 F Toxicology: Pract. nontoxic by ingestion, but laxative props. may cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes and skin on direct contact; STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); TSCA listed Precaution: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides; may react with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Ointment Base No. 6 [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; OSHA and FDA nonhazardous Properties: Wh. semisolid, odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.864 (60/60 F); visc. 6070 SUS (210 F); m.p. 122-133 F; congeal pt. 120-130 F; flash pt. (COC) 400 F Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustion may produce dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides; may react with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, flame, oxidizers OL-700 [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleic acid (70-95%) CAS 112-80-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-007-1 Uses: Humectant in food Regulatory: Not regulated for transport; Canada DSL; Australia; Korea; Japan ENCS; Philippines, China Properties: Water wh. to yellowish liq.; musty, fatty odor; negligible sol. in water; relative dens. ≈ 0.9; vapor pressure < 0.75 mm Hg; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. > 180 C; acid no. 198204; iodine no. 88-95; 0.3% max. moisture Toxicology: Causes mild, transient eye 499

Part I: Trade Name Reference irritation; ing. may cause GI tract irritation; prolonged, repeated contact causes mild, primary skin irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (fathead minnow, 96 h) 205 mg/l, (red killfish, 96 h) 217 mg/l; lethal dose (goldfish) 8 mg/l Precaution: Wear goggles or face shield with goggles, rubber or plastic gloves, respirator if mist, vapor is generated; avoid all contact; incompat. with strong oxidizers; do not dispose of via sinks, drains or into the immediate environment Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp., burning may produce CO, CO2 Storage: Store in resin-lined steel, aluminum, stainless steel or reinforced fiberglass vessels away from sources of ignition OL-710 [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Oleic acid (70-95%) CAS 112-80-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-007-1 Uses: Humectant in food Regulatory: Not regulated for transport; Canada DSL; Australia; Korea; Japan ENCS; Philippines, China Properties: Water wh. to yellowish liq.; musty, fatty odor; negligible sol. in water; relative dens. ≈ 0.9; vapor pressure < 0.75 mm Hg; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. > 180 C; acid no. 199204; iodine no. 88-95; 0.3% max. moisture Toxicology: Causes mild, transient eye irritation; ing. may cause GI tract irritation; prolonged, repeated contact causes mild, primary skin irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (fathead minnow, 96 h) 205 mg/l, (red killfish, 96 h) 217 mg/l; lethal dose (goldfish) 8 mg/l Precaution: Wear goggles or face shield with goggles, rubber or plastic gloves, respirator if mist, vapor is generated; avoid all contact; incompat. with strong oxidizers; do not dispose of via sinks, drains or into the immediate environment Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp., burning may produce CO, CO2 Storage: Store in resin-lined steel, aluminum, stainless steel or reinforced fiberglass vessels away from sources of ignition Olean® [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: proprietary Uses: Fat replacer and frying oil substitute Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

used in snack foods such as potato chips, tortilla chips, cheese curls, sprayed crackers, and microwave popcorn Oleocal® C-102 [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rapeseed oil, low erucic acid, refined, bleached, deodorized See Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil CAS 120962-03-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-299-0 Uses: Oil for foods (baking, blending, frying, salad dressings) Features: Exceptional shelf life Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 177.2800, 184.1555; DOT nonreportable; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 nonreportable; Canada DSL, Korea ECL listed Properties: Lt. amber cl. liq.; faint fatty odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.92; dens. 7.6 lb/gal; visc. 67 cSt; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; b.p. > 200 C; iodine no. 118; pour pt. -32 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 200 C; ref. index 1.46; 100% act.; 0.15% moisture Toxicology: Negligible effect by inh. unless heated to produce vapors; vapors may irritate mucous membranes and cause dizziness, nausea; may cause eye irritation; thermal burns possible on skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Spillages may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers @ 10-49 C in well-ventilated area, away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources, sunlight Oleocal® C-102 A [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rapeseed oil, low erucic acid, from food-grade canola oil, refined, bleached, deodorized with additive to inc. oxidative stability See Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil CAS 120962-03-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-299-0 Uses: Oil for foods (baking, blending, frying, salad dressings) Features: Increased oxidative stability; exc. thermal stability; high flash pt.; low volatility; exc. shelf life Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 500

Part I: Trade Name Reference nonreportable; Canada DSL, Korea ECL listed Properties: Lt. amber liq.; faint fatty odor; bland flavor; sol. in min. oil; disp. in propylene glycol, hexylene glycol; insol. in ethanol, water; sp.gr. 0.92; dens. 7.6 lb/gal; visc. 67 cSt; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; b.p. > 200 C; iodine no. 118; pour pt. -32 C; smoke pt. 250 C; flash pt. (COC) 321 C; ref. index 1.46; 99.9% act.; 0.15% max. moisture Toxicology: Pract. nontoxic; negligible effect by inh. unless heated to produce vapors; vapors may irritate mucous membranes and cause dizziness, nausea; may cause eye irritation; thermal burns possible on skin contact; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Combustible liq.; spillages may be slippery; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 9 mos. shelf life when stored in closed, factory-sealed containers @ 10-49 C, in wellventilated area, away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources, sunlight Oleocal® ME-70 [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl esters of animal fat, primarily methyl oleate Uses: Food coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 175.105 Properties: Yel. liq.; mild odor; sp.gr. 0.88; dens. 7.3 lb/gal; visc. 5 cSt (40 F); acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 60-68; sapon. no. 190-195; pour pt. 4 C; cloud pt. 11 C; flash pt. (COC) 188 C; 95% act.; 0.1% max. moisture Toxicology: Nontoxic Oleocal® ME-112 [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl canolate CAS 112-62-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-992-5 Uses: Food coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 175.105 Properties: Yel. liq.; mild odor; sp.gr. 0.88; dens. 7.3 lb/gal; visc. 5 cSt (40 F); acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 110-118; sapon. no. 182-193; pour pt. 4 C; cloud pt. 11 C; flash pt. (COC) 188 C; nonionic; 95% act.; 0.1% max. moisture Environmental: biodeg.

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Oleocal® ME-130 [Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Methyl soyate CAS 67784-80-9 Uses: Food coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 175.105 Properties: Yel. liq.; mild odor; sp.gr. 0.88; dens. 7.3 lb/gal; visc. 4.6 cSt (40 F); acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 128-136; sapon. no. 189-194; pour pt. -15 C; cloud pt. -5 C; flash pt. (COC) 190 C; 95% act.; 0.1% max. moisture Toxicology: Pract. nontoxic Environmental: biodeg. Omegaphyl 3020 [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Omega-3 triglyceride, ≈ 100% with mixed tocopherols < 1%, soybean oil See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil CAS 8016-70-4 Uses: Nutraceutical and dietary supplement Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; bland to mild fish-like odor; insol. in water; sol. in fat; sp. gr. 0.88; b.p. > 250 C; acid no. 3 max; flash pt. (PMCC) >93 C Toxicology: May cause mild irritation to eyes, skin, and resp. tract Precaution: Wear safety goggles and Neoprene gloves; keep away from strong oxidizing agents. heat, sparks, or open flame Storage: Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry area away from lt. and air OmegaPure® Refined Menhaden Oil [Omega Protein http://www.omegapure.com] Chem. Descrip.: Menhaden oil, tocopherol, and TBHQ See t-Butyl hydroquinone CAS 8002-50-4; 1406-18-4; 1948-33-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-311-4; 215-798-8; 217752-2 Uses: Source of essential long chain omega3 fatty acids for baked goods, candies, milk and meat prods.; fish and poultry prods., processed fruit and vegetable juices, snack foods, sauces, toppings, and syrups Features: Oxidative and flavor stability; benefits of both EPA and DHA Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Gardner 3.5 max; tasteless; odorless; peroxide no. 1-3 Omya-Cal FG 4-AZ [Omya Arizona] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate FCC CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 501

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Calcium fortifier for foods and dietary supplements Features: No ozone-depleting chems. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1409; kosher; Canada DSL listed Properties: Wh. powd.; 3.8 µ median diam.; odorless; sol. 1.3 mg/100 g water (18 C); sp.gr. 2.7; dens. 0.60 g/cc (loose), 1.10 g/cc (packed); brightness 93; flash pt. nonflamm.; pH 9.7 (10% slurry); < 0.2% moisture Toxicology: Dust may irritate respiratory tract; eye irritant; repeated/prolonged skin contact may cause drying, irritation; ing. of very lg. quantities may cause intestinal obstruction, constipation; chronic exposure may cause pneumoconiosis; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts with acids to liberate CO2; ignites on contact with fluorine; incompat. with alum and ammonium salts Hazardous Ingredients: Limestone (> 99%); silica quartz (< 0.3%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce calcium oxide and CO2 NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Omya-Cal FG 6-AZ [Omya Arizona] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate FCC CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium fortifier for foods and dietary supplements Features: No ozone-depleting chems. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1409; kosher; Canada DSL listed Properties: Wh. powd.; 6.0 µ median diam.; odorless; sol. 1.3 mg/100 g water (18 C); sp.gr. 2.7; dens. 0.65 g/cc (loose), 1.20 g/cc (packed); brightness 93; flash pt. nonflamm.; pH 9.7 (10% slurry); < 0.2% moisture Toxicology: Dust may irritate respiratory tract; eye irritant; repeated/prolonged skin contact may cause drying, irritation; ing. of very lg. quantities may cause intestinal obstruction, constipation; chronic exposure may cause pneumoconiosis; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts with acids to liberate CO2; ignites on contact with fluorine; incompat. with alum and ammonium salts Hazardous Ingredients: Limestone (> 99%); silica quartz (< 0.3%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce calcium oxide and CO2 NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Omya-Cal FG 10-AZ [Omya Arizona] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate FCC CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium fortifier for foods and dietary supplements Features: No ozone-depleting chems. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1409; kosher; Canada DSL listed Properties: Wh. powd.; 12 µ median diam.; odorless; sol. 1.3 mg/100 g water (18 C); sp.gr. 2.7; dens. 0.80 g/cc (loose), 1.50 g/cc (packed); brightness 92; flash pt. nonflamm.; pH 9.7 (10% slurry); < 0.2% moisture Toxicology: Dust may irritate respiratory tract; eye irritant; repeated/prolonged skin contact may cause drying, irritation; ing. of very lg. quantities may cause intestinal obstruction, constipation; chronic exposure may cause pneumoconiosis; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts with acids to liberate CO2; ignites on contact with fluorine; incompat. with alum and ammonium salts Hazardous Ingredients: Limestone (> 99%); silica quartz (< 0.3%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce calcium oxide and CO2 NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Omya-Cal FG 15-AZ [Omya Arizona] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate FCC CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium fortifier for foods and dietary supplements Features: No ozone-depleting chems. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1409; kosher; Canada DSL listed Properties: Wh. powd.; 15 µ median diam.; odorless; sol. 1.3 mg/100 g water (18 C); sp.gr. 2.7; dens. 1.00 g/cc (loose), 1.55 g/cc (packed); brightness 92; flash pt. nonflamm.; pH 9.7 (10% slurry); < 0.2% moisture Toxicology: Dust may irritate respiratory tract; eye irritant; repeated/prolonged skin contact may cause drying, irritation; ing. of very lg. quantities may cause intestinal obstruction, constipation; chronic exposure may cause pneumoconiosis; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts with acids to liberate CO2; ignites on contact with fluorine; incompat. with alum and ammonium salts Hazardous Ingredients: Limestone (> 99%); silica quartz (< 0.3%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce calcium oxide and CO2 502

Part I: Trade Name Reference NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 OptaGrade® [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Starch-based CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Texturizer, thickener, binder, stabilizer for dairy prods., cottage cheese, sour cream, natural and processed cheese, cream cheese; fat replacement in reduced fat and fat-free prods. Features: Provides firmer texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: Kosher OptaMist® [Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com] Chem. Descrip.: Starch-based CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Texturizer, thickener, binder, stabilizer for dairy prods., cottage cheese, sour cream, natural and processed cheese, cream cheese; fat replacement in reduced fat and fat-free prods. Features: Provides firmer texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: Kosher Optim™ Glycerine 99.7 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin FCC, USP CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Humectant, solvent in foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; E422 compliant; kosher grade; SARA §311/312 nonhazardous Properties: Colorless visc. liq.; odorless; sweet taste; misc. with ethanol, IPA, water; immiscible with benzene, chloroform, ethyl ether, heptane; m.w. 92.09; sp.gr. 1.26201; dens. 1.25802 g/cm3; visc. 1410 cps (20 C); vapor pressure 0.0025 mm Hg (50 C); f.p. 17 C; b.p. 290 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 195.5 C; autoignition temp. 370 C; ref. index 1.47399 (20 C); surf. tens. 63 dynes/cm (20 C); dielec. const. 41.14 (2 x 106 Hz, 20 C); 99.7% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 17,000-27,200 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 10,000 mg/kg; may cause sl. transient eye irritation; may be absorbed through skin in potentially harmful amts. when applied in lg. quantities to severe burns; extremely low toxicity by ing.; swallowing larger amts. may cause injury, CNS effects, inc. blood sugar levels; inh. of heated material or mist may cause upper respiratory irritation; may cause Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

kidney/liver/GI effects in very lg. doses Environmental: high biodeg.; BOD5 0.54 p/p; low bioconcentration potential; LC50 (fish) > 100 mg/l; pract. nontoxic to fish; prevent entry into sewers, storm drains, surf. water, soil Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents (e.g., sodium hypochlorite, hypochlorous acid) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Acrolein; combustion: aldehydes, CO, CO2 Storage: Store @ 64-130 F Orchic Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gross Michel bananas Chem. Analysis: Moisture 3.0% max.; protein 3.7%; fat 0.5%; carbohydrates 80%, 350 cal/100 G Uses: Flavoring agent in dry fruit preparations, powdered drinks, cake mixes, nectars, juices, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, baby food, ice cream, yogurt, frozen desserts, and soft diet food Features: Produced by ripening hand peeling, pulping, sieving and sterilizing the pulp. then roller drying and milling; carriers and additives are not used Regulatory: Halal, kosher, BCS Oko-Garantie GmbH certified Properties: Creamy yel. powd.; banana taste/odor; 10% max. retained on 60 mesh; dens. 600-680 g/l Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed original containers Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: fresh bananas Chem. Analysis: 2.5% max. moisture; 3.5% protein; 0.5% fat; 80% carbohydrates; 350 cal/ 100 g Uses: Banana flavoring agent in dry fruit preps., powdered drinks, cake mixes, nectars, juices, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, baby food, ice cream, yogurt and other frozen desserts, and soft food diets Features: Produced by controlled ripening, hand 503

Part I: Trade Name Reference peeling, pulping, sieving and sterilizing the pulp, then roller drying it; no carriers or additives used Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; BCS OkoGarantie GmbH ( Germany) for processing of organic prods. Properties: Creamy ylsh. flakes; ripe banana odor; dens. 360-440 g/l; acidity 1-2% Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed, high dens. PE containers Organolatum™ [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Release agent, conditioner in food Regulatory: 21CFR 184.1505 (GRAS), kosher; certified organic Properties: Wh. opaque semisolid; m.p. 100-140 F Origanox™ OS-LB [RAD Int'l. http://www.radint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Origanum vulgare extract See Wild marjoram extract Uses: Antioxidant in food processing, bakery prods. and snacks, sauces, dressing, mayonaise, condiments, fried prods., bulk oils, margarines, oils, fats, fish oils, pet food prods., health care prods., dietary supplements, Properties: Sol. in water; disp. in oil Origanox™ WS [RAD Int'l. http://www.radint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Origanum vulgare extract See Wild marjoram extract Uses: Antioxidant in food processing and health foods Features: Natural; easy skin penetration; very effective to protect oxygen-sensitive ingreds., e.g., natural fragrances, colors, flavors; stable and act. @ 180 C Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Yel. to lt. brn. powd.; mild tea-like odor; completely sol. in water; 7% act. Use Level: 0.01-0.05% Toxicology: Nontoxic Storage: 2 yrs. shelf life when stored in cool, dry place Origanox™ WS-CR [RAD Int'l. http://www.radint.com] Chem. Descrip.: mixt. of Origanox™ WS (water soluble Origanum vulgare) and Cranberry extract See Cranberry (vaccinum macrocarpon) fruit extract; Wild marjoram extract Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 8015-01-8; 91770-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 294-875-8 Uses: Antioxidant in food processing, bakery prods. and snacks, sauces, dressing, mayonaise, condiments, fried prods., bulk oils, margarines, oils, fats, fish oils, pet food prods., health care prods., dietary supplements, Features: Natural; allows for "green" labeling; highly effective at low dosing; supports antimicrobial activity; organoleptic neutral Properties: Sol. in water; disp. in oil Origanox™ WS-LB [RAD Int'l. http://www.radint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Origanum vulgare extract See Wild marjoram extract Uses: Antioxidant in food processing, bakery prods. and snacks, sauces, dressing, mayonaise, condiments, fried prods., bulk oils, margarines, oils, fats, fish oils, pet food prods., health care prods., dietary supplements, anti-inflammatory agent; free radical scavenger; anti-allergic agent Features: Natural; allows for "green" labeling; highly effective at low dosing; supports antimicrobial activity; organoleptic neutral; used in prods. sensitive to sl. taste or color changes Properties: Sol. in water; disp. in oil 21115 Ovalett [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Water; sugar; polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Sucrose Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for sponge and cake batters Properties: Unpigmented paste Use Level: 1-2% on batter wt. Storage: 9 mos. shelf life when stored in cool and dry conditions 21110 Ovalett NNC [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Water; sugar; polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; potassium sorbate See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Sucrose Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for sponge and cake batters Properties: Unpigmented paste Use Level: 1-2% on flour wt. Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in cool 504

Part I: Trade Name Reference and dry conditions 21118 Ovalett Special [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; mono- and di-glycerides of fatty acids; sugar; potassium sorbate See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Sucrose Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for sponge and cake batters Properties: Unpigmented paste Storage: 6 mos. shelf life when stored in cool and dry conditions Ovarian Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Oxine® [Bio-Cide Int'l. http://www.biocide.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chlorite (3.35% min.), chlorine dioxide (trace), water Uses: Bacteriostat for direct food contact applics., food processing Features: Nonflamm.; nonexplosive; stable sol'n. Regulatory: EPA reg. no. 9804-1; FDA, USDA approvals; kosher certified; DOT nonhazardous; SARA §312/313 nonreportable; chlorine dioxide produced from activation reportable under SARA §313 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; very faint chlorinelike odor; sol. 100% in water; sp.gr. 1.03 g/ml (20 C); vapor pressure 23.7 mm Hg; f.p. -1.72 C; b.p. 100.5 C; pH 8.35; < 0.1% volatiles; 2.08% avail. ClO2 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4360 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2020 mg/kg; may cause eye and skin irritation; ing. may cause gastric discomfort, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, methemoglobinemia (in lg. quantities); may be irritating to nose and throat; TSCA listed Precaution: Strong oxidizer; do not allow chlorine dioxide gas to accumulate in confined spaces; do not allow prod. to evaporate to dryness; incompat. with acids, chlorine compds., hypochlorites, sulfur/sulfite compds., phosphorus, org. solvs. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Exposure to acids Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

or chlorine compds. can produce uncontrolled generation of chlorine dioxide gas NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompat. materials, combustible/flamm. materials, direct sunlight; keep containers tightly closed when not in use; prevent spillages Oxipur [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mixt. of saccharides of different degrees of polymerization Uses: Water binder, color enhancer, color stabilizer, flavor enhancer, bacteriological stabilizer, sliceability aid, moisture retention agent for foods, cooked meats, poultry prods., e.g., hams, cassler, tongues Properties: Low sweetness profile; easily sol. in water; pH 5-6 (1%); DE 20%; 5% max. moisture Use Level: 1-2% on final prod. Oxipur-Mix [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Complete injection brine mix Uses: Water binder, moisture retention aid, color enhancer, and sliceability aid in cooked hams and shoulders, pork loins Oxitabs [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium bromate, calcium iodate, and other edible excipients Uses: Oxidizing agent, dough conditioner for breads Features: Increases loaf volume; improves crumb structure Properties: Wh. tablets; 45 ppm potassium bromate and 15 ppm calcium iodate per tablet Use Level: 1-2 tablets/100 lb flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 6 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Oxyfos™ [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Kidney or pinto bean extract contg. kaempferol (natural antioxidant) Uses: Free radical scavenger preventing cell degradation caused by lipid peroxidation in the human body, and fructooligosaccharides source to promote beneficial intestinal flora (bifidobacteria), for use in healthy foods/snacks, 505

Part I: Trade Name Reference encapsulated or tableted nutritional supplements; antioxidant in ramen noodles, high fat snacks and foods; flavor potentiator; HVP replacement Properties: Brn. powd.; sol. in water with agitation; < 10% moisture Use Level: 2-15% (foods) Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life; store in cool (15-30 C) dry environment, protected from heat Oxy’Less®.CS [Naturex http://www.naturex.com] Chem. Descrip.: rosemary extract containing carnosic acid See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract CAS 84604-14-8; 3650-09-7; EINECS/ELINCS 283-291-9 Uses: Antioxidant for snacks, animal fats, mayonnaise, potato flakes, cookies, flavors, and seafood Properties: Tan powd.; very lt. flavor; oil-sol.; 20% carnosic acid Oxy’Less®.Clear [Naturex http://www.naturex.com] Chem. Descrip.: rosemary extract containing carnosic acid See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract CAS 84604-14-8; 3650-09-7; EINECS/ELINCS 283-291-9 Uses: Antioxidant for snacks, animal fats, mayonnaise, potato flakes, cookies, flavors, and seafood Properties: Amber liq.; very lt. flavor; oil-sol. and water-disp.; 4.5% min. carnosic acid Oxy’Less®.Clear S [Naturex http://www.naturex.com] Chem. Descrip.: rosemary extract containing carnosic acid See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract CAS 84604-14-8; 3650-09-7; EINECS/ELINCS 283-291-9 Uses: Antioxidant for snacks, animal fats, mayonnaise, potato flakes, cookies, flavors, and seafood Properties: Tan powd..; very lt. flavor; oil-and water-disp.; 4% min. carnosic acid Oxynex® 2004 [Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.asp] Chem. Descrip.: BHT (20%), ascorbyl palmitate (10%), citric acid (10%), glyceryl stearate, glyceryl oleate, propylene glycol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Antioxidant for essential oils Regulatory: EC and US GRAS compliance Properties: Unctuous mass, almost odorless, pract. tasteless; sol. in many org. solvs.; insol. in water Oxynex® AP [Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.asp] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable oil, lecithin, ascorbyl palmitate, and citric acid Uses: Antioxidant for edible oils, salad dressing, mayonnaise, margarines, fatty filling for confectionery Features: May be mixed straight into fats and oils without further processing Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Reddish brown to brown suspension; characteristic odor Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in tightly sealed container @ 15-25 C Oxynex® K [Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.asp] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-8 (62%), tocopherol (30%), ascorbyl palmitate (5%), ascorbic acid (1%), and citric acid (1%) See LAscorbic acid Uses: Antioxidant, stabilizer for fats and oils, free radical scavenger for foods, essential oils Features: Esp. for protection of sat. and unsat. components of the oil phase and for inhibition of formation of free radicals Regulatory: EC, GRAS compliance Properties: Yel. to lt. brn. transparent liq., char. faint odor; des, 1.07 g/cm3; flash pt. > 100 C; pH 3.5 (20 g/l, water) Environmental: sl. polluting substance Oxynex® L [Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.asp] Chem. Descrip.: Tocopherol (30%), ascorbyl palmitate (5%), ascorbic acid (1%), citric acid (1%), ethanol (53%), vegetable oil (20%) See Alcohol; L-Ascorbic acid UN 1170 Uses: Antioxidant for stabilization of highgrade fats, oils and fat-containing foodstuffs (e.g., shortenings), anti-adhesive emulsions, dried soups, instant cake mixes, essential oils Properties: Yel. to reddish brn. transparent liq., 506

Part I: Trade Name Reference char. odor; dens. 0.89 g/cm3; flahs pt. 11 C; pH 3 - 4 (20 g/l, water) Environmental: sl. polluting substance Precaution: Highly flamm. Storage: Keep container tightly closed; keep away from sources of ignition - no smoking Oxynex® LM [Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.asp] Chem. Descrip.: Tocopherol (25%), lecithin (25%), ascorbyl palmitate (20%), glyceryl stearate, glyceryl oleate, citric acid (2.5%) Uses: Antioxidant esp. for high-grade veg. fats and fat-containing foodstuffs (e.g., shortenings), mayonnaise, margarine, cake mixes, essential oils Regulatory: German, EC, US GRAS compliances Properties: Lt. brn. waxy solid; odorless and tasteless in dilution; sol. in oils and fats; sparingly sol. in water; dens. 1.04 g/cm3; m.p. ≈55 C Environmental: sl. polluting substance Storage: Store at 2 C to 8 C. Oxyvac™ [Nutricepts http://www.nutricepts.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrose, enzymes See Glucose Uses: Processing aid in food prod. Features: Will discolor some red meats; has no effect on taste of food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.100(3)(ii)(c) OxyVac™-S [Nutricepts http://www.nutricepts.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzyme system Uses: Antioxidant and shelf-life extender in fresh whole muscle meats and cooked whole or divided meats; processing aid in food prods. Features: Designed to not produce flavors, odors, or color changes Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §101.100(3)(ii)(c); kosher Properties: Wh. fine powd. Ozonox 47316 Prills [Sovereign http://www.sovchem.net] Chem. Descrip.: High m.w. proprietary hydrocarbon blend Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.615(a), 177.1200(c), 177.1650(a)(3), 177.2600, 178.3710 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. prills; sp. gr. 0.91; m.p. 63-66 C; b.p. > 315 C; 100% Toxicology: Dust and fumes can irritate eyes; may cause mild irritation to skin; irritant from inh.; noncarcinogenic Environmental: very slow biodegradation Precaution: Wear gloves, dust mask and eye/face; avoid contact with eyes and skin; prevent dust formation and contact with water Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 5 yr. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place in unopened containersaway from strong oxidizing agents Packers Powder [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nitrite curing salts Uses: Curing agent for cured meats Panacet 810 [NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Med. chain triglyceride Uses: Raw material for special foods Properties: Liq.; nonionic; 100% conc. Panalite® 90-80 K [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: Monoglyceride content > 90%; free glycerol 1.2% Uses: Emulsifier, shelf-life extender, stabilizer, aeration enhancer, taste improver in bakery prods., margarine and peanut butter, coffee whiteners, extruded prods. Properties: Ivory block or flake; m.p. 128-136 F; acid value 3 max.; iodine value 50-60 Storage: Store @ < 95 C; avoid excessive exposure to light, moisture Panalite® 90-130 K [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Analysis: Monoglyceride content > 90%; free glycerol 1.2% Uses: Emulsifier, shelf-life extender, stabilizer, aeration enhancer, taste improver in bakery prods., margarine and peanut butter, coffee whiteners, extruded prods. Properties: Ivory color; m.p. 90-110 F; acid value 3 max.; iodine value 80-100 Storage: Store @ < 75 C; avoid excessive exposure to light, moisture

507

Part I: Trade Name Reference Panalite® 90D K [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. mono- and diglycerides derived from vegetable sources, ascorbic acid (to preserve freshness) See L-Ascorbic acid; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier, shelf-life extender, stabilizer, aeration enhancer, taste improver in bakery prods., margarine and peanut butter, coffee whiteners, extruded prods. Features: Self-emulsifying; readily hydrates during mixing; improves volume, grain, machining props. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. superfine powd.; m.p. 66 C; nonionic; 90% min. alpha mono Use Level: 2-5 oz/100 lb flour (bread); 4-6 oz/100 lb flour (sweet goods) Storage: 12 mos. max. shelf life; store in cool, dry location; maintain prod. below 90 F at all times; keep containers closed when not in use Panatex® K [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated monoglycerides; polysorbate 60; acetic acid; propionic acid Uses: Shelf life extender for baking; emulsifier for w/o emulsions; crumb softener Features: Lipophilic Properties: Creamy wh. soft plastic; pH 3.5 (5% aq.); 21% alpha monoglyceride; 76% volatiles Use Level: 6-16 oz per 100 lbs of flour (breads), 8-16 oz per 100 lbs of flour (buns, rolls), 1-3% based on flour (sweets, yeast raised doughnuts), 1% based on flour (cakes) Storage: 12 mos. max. shelf life; best used before 9 mos; avoid extremes of heat and cold; material will separate above 135 F; will freeze below 32 F; store at 70-90 F for two days before use Pancreas Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Freeze-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Pancreatin 3X USP Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase, amylase, and protease enzymes Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carbohydrates, or fats; enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas Properties: Powd. Storage: Store in a cool, dry area in tightly closed polyliners within secure containers Pancreatin 4X USP Granular [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase, amylase, and protease enzymes Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins, carbohydrates, or fats; enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas Regulatory: USP Properties: Mottled tan, free-flowing mixture of granules and powd. Storage: Store in a cool, dry area in tightly closed polyliners within secure containers Pancreatin 4X USP Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase, amylase, and protease enzymes Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins, carbohydrates, or fats; enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas Regulatory: USP Properties: Mottled tan, free-flowing mixture of granules and powd. Storage: Store in a cool, dry area in tightly closed polyliners within secure containers Pancreatin 5X USP Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase, amylase, and protease enzymes Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins, carbohydrates, or fats; enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas Properties: Powd. Storage: Store in a cool, dry area in tightly closed polyliners within secure containers Pancreatin 6X USP Powder [Am. Labs 508

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase, amylase, and protease enzymes Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins, carbohydrates, or fats; enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas Properties: Powd. Storage: Store in a cool, dry area in tightly closed polyliners within secure containers Pancreatin 8X USP Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase, amylase, and protease enzymes Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins, carbohydrates, or fats; enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas Regulatory: USP Properties: Wh. to off-wh. granules Storage: Store in a cool, dry area in tightly closed polyliners within secure containers Pancreatin BP 98 [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase, amylase, and protease enzymes Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins, carbohydrates, or fats; enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas Pancreatin USP 23 [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase, amylase, and protease enzymes Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins, carbohydrates, or fats; enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas Properties: Powd. Pancrelipase USP Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipase, amylase, and protease enzymes Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins, carbohydrates, or fats; enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas Regulatory: USP Properties: Off-wh. to lt. tan powd. Storage: Store in a cool, dry area in tightly closed polyliners within secure containers PanEze™ [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soybean oil, lecithin, and cottonseed oil See Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil CAS 8001-22-7; 8002-43-5; 8001-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-274-4; 232-307-2; 232280-7 Uses: Release agent for baked goods Features: Flourless, sprayable Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302//313 nonreportable; kosher; certified organic Properties: Opaque, yel, semisolid liq.; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; vapor pressure < 1.0 mmHg Toxicology: Nonirritating to eyes and skin Precaution: Avoid excessive heat, open flames, Cl, F, and other strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Smoke, CO, and other prods. of incomplete combustion NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material PanEze™ W [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soybean oil, lecithin, and cottonseed oil See Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil CAS 8001-22-7; 8002-43-5; 8001-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-274-4; 232-307-2; 232280-7 Uses: Release agent for baked goods Features: Flourless, sprayable Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302//313 nonreportable; kosher; certified organic Properties: Opaque, yel, semisolid liq.; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg Toxicology: Nonirritating to eyes and skin Precaution: Avoid excessive heat, open 509

Part I: Trade Name Reference flames, Cl, F, and other strong oxidizers, and strong acids NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Panicrust LC K [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium stearoyl lactylate, calcium sulfate, L-cysteine hydrochloride See Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous Uses: Dough strengthener, dough conditioner, texturizer, stabilizer for pizza crust, tortillas, puff pastry, yeast-raised doughs, no-time bread systems Features: Reduces mixing time, minimizes shrinkage; improves freeze-thaw stability Properties: Off-wh. to lt. tan free-flowing powd.; 98% through 20 mesh; 1% max. moisture Use Level: 8-16 oz/100 lb flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Paniplex CK [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium stearoyl lactylate CAS 5793-94-2; EINECS/ELINCS 227-335-7 Uses: Conditioner, emulsifier, texturizer for baked goods, frozen dough, puddings, toppings, dehydrated potatoes, extruded prods.; dough strengthener, shelf life extender for yeast-raised baked goods; whipping agent Features: Improves dough tolerance, retards crumb firming and improves prod. texture Properties: Cream-colored powd.; acid no. 5086; ester no. 125-164; anionic; 32-38% total lactic acid; 4.2-5.2% Ca Use Level: 4-6 oz/100 lb flour (bread); 6-8 oz/100 lb flour (buns, rolls) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; sl. hygroscopic; store in cool, dry location; avoid temps. above 90 F at all times; keep containers well closed when not in use Paniplex SK [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium stearoyl lactylate CAS 25383-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 246-929-7 Uses: Conditioner, emulsifier, texturizer for baked goods, frozen doughs, puddings, whipped toppings, dehydrated potatoes, extruded prods.; emulsifier for water and oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

systems; dough strengthener/softener in baked goods, bread, buns, rolls; texturizer for yeast-raised donuts, donut mixes, cakes; freeze/thaw stabilizer in coffee creamers, puddings; emulsion stabilizer in icings and fillings; visc. control agent in sauces, gravies Features: Lipophilic; improves dough tolerance, retards crumb firming and improves prod. texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110(c)(15), 172.846 Properties: Cream-colored powd.; readily disp. in hot oil, fat, or water; acid no. 60-80; ester no. 150-190; anionic; 31-34% total lactic acid; 3.55.0% Na Use Level: 0.25-0.50% on flour wt. (bread, buns, rolls); 0.5% max. on flour wt. (yeast-raised donuts); 0.1-0.2% on finished prod. wt. (cakes); 0.5% max. on flour wt. (yeast-raised sweet goods); 0.1-0.5% on flour wt (cookies, crackers) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; sl. hygroscopic; store in cool, dry location; avoid temps. above 90 F at all times; keep containers well closed when not in use Paniset® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sugar, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, vegetable gums (agar, locust bean gum), dextrose, sodium phosphate, mono- and diglycerides See Glucose; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Sucrose Uses: Stabilizer for icings, glazes Features: Single-strength; remains easily pumpable for extended periods, but dries rapidly after applic. to bakery foods; max. control over water migration; rec. for icings requiring long pot life without thickening Properties: 3% loss on drying; 41% ash Use Level: 8-10% on powd. sugar wt. (icings); 68% on powd. sugar (glazes) Storage: 12 mos. max. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep container well closed when not in use; hygroscopic; do not expose to air for extended periods Panistay® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sugar, calcium carbonate, 510

Part I: Trade Name Reference calcium sulfate, vegetable gums (agar, locust bean gum), dextrose, sodium phosphate, titanium dioxide, mono- and diglycerides See Glucose; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Sucrose Uses: Stabilizer for glossy white icings and glazes for sweet goods, Danish, donuts, honeybuns, fried prods. Features: Single-strength; easily pumpable for extended periods, but dries rapidly after applic. to bakery foods; rec. where long pot life without thickening is required; max. control over water migration Properties: 3% loss on drying; 42% ash Use Level: 8-10% on powd. sugar wt. (icings); 610% on powd. sugar (glazes) Storage: 12 mos. max. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep container well closed when not in use; hygroscopic; do not expose to air for extended periods PanKote™ [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable-based cake pan grease Uses: Release agent for baked goods, esp. sweet goods Features: Sprayable Regulatory: Food-grade; kosher Properties: Semisolid PanKote™ L [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pan grease Uses: Release agent for baked goods, esp. cakes Features: Sprayable; very cost effective; lowvisc. PanKote™ T [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pan grease Uses: Release agent for baked goods, esp. cakes Features: Sprayable; high visc. version of PanKote Properties: Visc. 4000 cps Panodan™ 120 Series [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diacetyl tartaric esters of mono- and diglycerides, enzymes, and flow agents See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer; dough Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

strengthener for foods, baked goods; improves fat particle distribution in coffee whiteners Panodan™ 140 Series [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diacetyl tartaric esters of mono- and diglycerides, enzymes, and flow agents See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer; dough strengthener for foods, baked goods; improves fat particle distribution in coffee whiteners Panodan™ 150 [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diacetyl tartaric ester/monoand diglycerides blend See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer; dough strengthener for foods, baked goods; improves fat particle distribution in coffee whiteners Regulatory: Avail. in kosher grade Properties: Powd.; acid no. 47-57; sapon. no. 325-355 Panodan™ 150 Kosher [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono-and diglycerides and monodiglycerides from edible refined vegetable fats See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Uses: Dough conditioner for yeast-raised baked goods; crumb softener for white bread Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1101, 184.1505, GRAS; FCC, kosher Properties: Fine powd.; drop pt. 56 C; acid no. 47-57; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 325-355 Use Level: 0.3-0.7% on flour in yeast-raised doughs Storage: Store in dry area, below 20 C, with liner securely closed Panodan™ 205 [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diacetyl tartaric ester of monoglycerides with 5% flow agent See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer; dough strengthener for foods, baked goods; 511

Part I: Trade Name Reference improves fat particle distribution in coffee whiteners Regulatory: Avail. in kosher grade Properties: Fine powd.; acid no. 62-76; sapon. no. 380-425 Panodan™ 205 K [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diacetyl tartaric ester of monoglycerides See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Chem. Analysis: As 3 mg/kg max.; Pb 2 mg/kg max.; Hg 1 mg/kg max.; Cd 1 mg/kg max. heavy metals 10 mg/kg max. Uses: Emulsifier for yeast raised baked goods Features: Increases volume of baked bread; improves dough stability, handling and production tolerance of bakery goods Regulatory: E472e; FDA 21 CFR §184.1101; kosher Properties: Fine powd.; dropping pt. ≈ 50 C; acid no. 62-76; sapon. no. 380-425 Storage: 18 mos. when stored in unbroken pkg. in cool, dry area @ < 20 C Panodan™ 235 [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monoglyceride diacetyl tartaric acid ester See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides CAS 91052-81-2 Uses: Emulsifier for bakery prods. Properties: Wh. fine powd.; m.p. 45 C; sapon. no. 395-420; anionic Panodan™ FDP [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diacetyl tartaric ester of monoglycerides See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides CAS 91052-81-2 Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer; dough strengthener for foods, baked goods; improves fat particle distribution in coffee whiteners Regulatory: EU, FDA 21CFR §184.1101, GRAS; ADI 0-50 mg/kg; avail. in kosher grade Properties: Beads.; acid no. 62-76; sapon. no. 380-425 Panodan™ FDP Kosher [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono- and diglycerides made from edible refined vegetable fat See Diacetyl tartaric Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acid esters of mono- and diglycerides CAS 91052-81-2 Uses: Dough conditioner, volume improver for yeast-raised doughs; emulsifier for liq. and powd. coffee whiteners, confectionery prods., vitamin dispersions, o/w emulsions Features: Gives more tolerance in mfg. doughs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1101, GRAS; EU E472(e), kosher Properties: Powd.; m.p. 45 C; acid no. 62-76; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 380-425 Use Level: 0.2-0.5% (yeast-raised doughs), 0.10.2% (liq. coffee whitener), 0.3-1% (powd. coffee whitener), 0.5-1% (confectionery coatings), 0.2-1% (o/w emulsions) Storage: Store in cool, dry area @ 10 C; storage above 20 C may cause caking Panodan™ SDK [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Diacetyl tartaric ester of monoglycerides See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides CAS 91052-81-2 Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer; dough strengthener for foods, baked goods; improves fat particle distribution in coffee whiteners Regulatory: EU, FDA §184.1101 (GRAS); ADI 050 mg/kg; avail. in kosher grade Properties: Amber semiliq.; m.p. 45 C; acid no. 62-76; sapon. no. 380-425 Pan-O-Lite® [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium aluminum phosphate with calcium phosphate monohydrate, calcium carbonate, precipitated amorphous silica See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Silica; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic Uses: Acidulant, leavening agent in bakery applics. (pancakes, waffles, cakes, prepared mixes) Features: Adds to structure resiliency, crumb whiteness, and baking tolerance of wh. cake mixes Regulatory: FCC compliance Properties: Anhyd. wh. powd.; 3% max. on 100 mesh, 12% max. on 140 mesh Panosorb® [Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbic acid CAS 110-44-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-768-7 512

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Preservative against molds, yeast, and bacteria for slice and packaged breads, yeast-raised cakes and fine bakery products, French style bakery goods, buns, rolls, sour dough prods., bagels, pretzels, pizza, English muffins Features: Less yeasty flavor; low-dust prod.; no negative impact on dough or bread volume leading to savings in yeast quantities and fermentation time Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher; GMO-free; JECFA compliant Properties: Neutral odor, flavor, taste Pantastic [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy flour; enzymes See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Uses: Dough strengthener, dough conditioner, shelf life extender, softener for yeast-raised dough prods. Features: Provides a whiter crumb with a fine grain and texture Use Level: 0.25% based on flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep containers well closed when not in use Papain Concentrate [Deerland Enzymes http://www.deerland-enzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Protease Chem. Analysis: 45,000 F.C.C. PU/mg assay CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins; for brewing (stabilizes and chillproofs beer); fermentation; fish/soya processing; meat tenderizers; protein modification; animal feed supplement Features: Rapidly reduces viscosity of protein gels Properties: Tan to lt. brn. amorphous dry powd., free of offensive odors and taste; water-sol. Use Level: 0.01-0.1% Storage: Activity loss ≤ 10% in 1 yr. stored in sealed containers under cool dry conditions; 5 C storage extends life Papaya Powder Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maradol red papaya and green banana (20%) Chem. Analysis: 5% max. moisture; 5% protein ; 1.0% fat; 85% carbohydrates; 4% ash ; 7% dietary fiber Uses: Papaya flavor in dry fruit preparations, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

powdered drinks, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, frozen desserts, and soft food diets Features: Produced by ripening, blanching, extracting, pulping, dosing green banana carrier and the mixture, then drum drying and milling it Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; GMO compliant Properties: Orange yel. powd.; papaya odor/flavor; 10% min thru US 60 mesh; dens. 600-700 g/l Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed original containers Paramount B [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated palm kernel oil CAS 68990-82-9; EINECS/ELINCS 273-627-2 Uses: Lauric center fat for confectioner's coatings, veg. dairy systems, candy centers, icings Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Solid; m.p. 93-96 F Paramount C [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated palm kernel oil, lecithin Uses: Lauric center fat for confectioner's coatings, veg. dairy systems, candy centers, icings Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Flake; m.p. 101-104 F Paramount H [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated veg. oil (palm kernel, soybean, cottonseed) See Hydrogenated vegetable oil CAS 68334-28-1; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6 Uses: Lauric center fat for confectioner's coatings, veg. dairy systems, candy centers, icings Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Liq.; m.p. 107-109 F Paramount X [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated veg. oil (palm kernel, soybean, cottonseed) See Hydrogenated vegetable oil CAS 68334-28-1; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6 Uses: Lauric center fat for confectioner's coatings, veg. dairy systems, candy centers, icings, doughnut glazes; icing stabilizer Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Liq.; m.p. 107-109 F 513

Part I: Trade Name Reference Paramount XX [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated veg. oil (palm kernel, soybean, cottonseed) See Hydrogenated vegetable oil CAS 68334-28-1; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6 Uses: Lauric center fat for confectioner's coatings, veg. dairy systems, candy centers, icings, doughnut glazes; icing stabilizer Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Flake; m.p. 117-119 F Parathyroid Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Parmesan Acid, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Chem. Descrip.: 3-Methylpentanoic acid CAS 105-43-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-297-7 Uses: Flavor of Parmesan cheese used in cheese blend prods. Features: Naturally occurs in baked potato, cheese, rum, and Oriental tobacco Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; Parmesan cheese flavor; sol. in alcohol, oil, water, and PG Use Level: 0.02-5 ppm as consumed Parotid Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Partially Hydro Soybean Oil [ADM Refined Oils http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated soybean oil See Hydrogenated soybean oil CAS 8016-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-410-2 Uses: Oil with exc. oxidative stability; for breads, rolls, processed fried foods, packaged frying oil Properties: Lovibond 1.5R max. oil, bland flavor; iodine no. 108±4 Paselli™ EZ 2909 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified tapioca starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Thickener for instant puddings Features: Clean flavor profile; smooth, creamy texture; exc. processing, freeze/thaw stability Paselli™ EZ Range [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Paselli™ EZ Sperse Range [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Viscosifier for cold-prepared fruit and cream fillings, cook-up puddings, hot beverages Features: Smooth texture Paselli™ Easy-Gel [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Viscosifier, bodying agent, mouthfeel enhancer for cold-prepared desserts, pudding, mousse, cheesecake, bavarois Features: Can be substituted for gelatin in instant aerated or set desserts Paselli™ FP [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato fiber Uses: Water binder for meat, snacks, soups Paselli™ SA 2 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: partially hydrolyzed potato starch See Starch Chem. Analysis: 3.8 kcal/g; < 3 DE CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Fat replacer in bakery goods, low-fat foods Features: Fully digestible Properties: Off-wh. powd.; bulk dens. 400 kg/m3; pH 5.5-7.0 Storage: 1 yr. shelf life Passion Fruit Flakes Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: passion fruit and green banana (10%) as carrier Chem. Analysis: 5% max. moisture Uses: Passion fruit flavor in dry fruit preparations, drinks, vegetable preps., baby foods, cakes, soups, drinks, and soft food diets Features: Foreign material absent; produced by ripening, blanching, extracting, pulping, dosing the green banana as carrier and sieving the 514

Part I: Trade Name Reference mixture, then drum drying it Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; GMO compliant Properties: Yel. flakes; mashed cooked passion fruit odor/flavor; 25% min. thru US 20 mesh; dens. 350-500 g/l Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed original containers Passion Fruit Powder Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: passion fruit and green banana Chem. Analysis: 5% max. moisture Uses: Flavoring agent in dry fruit preparations, drinks, vegetable preparations, baby foods, cakes, soups, drinks Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified Properties: Mashed cooked passion fruit odor/flavor; dens. 350-500 g/l Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed containers Passion Fruit Treattarome 9750 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethyl butyrate, ethyl hexanoate, hexyl acetate, hexyl hexanoate, linalool, 2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane, and various sulfur esters See Ethyl caproate CAS 105-54-4; 123-66-0; 142-92-7; 6378-65-0; 78-70-6; 67715-80-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203306-4; 204-640-3; 205-572-7; 228-952-4; 201134-4; 261-699-8 Uses: Flavor for food Properties: Passion fruit flavor Use Level: 0.01-0.05% Passionate Melon, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor of tropical flavor for food applcs. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Lt. yel. cl. liq.; passionfruit, honeydew melon, watermelon flavor; sol. in alcohol, oil, PG Use Level: 0.1-4 ppm as consumed Patco® 3 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of Emplex sodium stearoyl lactylate and Verv® calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate See Calcium stearoyl lactylate Uses: Conditioner, softener, starch complexing agent, protein complexing Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

agent for yeast-leavened bakery prods., buns, rolls, bread, sweet goods Regulatory: FDA approved 8 oz/cwt flour max. Properties: Lt. tan powd., mild caramel odor; acid no. 55-83; ester no. 137-177; 100% act., 3.9-5.1% sodium/calcium Use Level: 4-8 oz/cwt flour Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Pationic® 900 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl monostearate/oleate from animal sources See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Direct food substance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1324, GRAS Properties: Ivory wh. fine beads; m.p. 66 C; nonionic; 96% monoglyceride Pationic® 901 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. glyceryl stearate derived from fully hydrogenated veg. oil CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Direct food substance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1324, GRAS Properties: Ivory wh. fine beads; m.p. 72 C; nonionic; 96% monoglyceride Pationic® 907 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate from veg. sources CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Direct food substance; flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Ivory wh. liq. @ 40-45 C, soft paste at ambient temps.; nonionic; 96% monoglyceride Pationic® 909 [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dist. glyceryl stearate derived from fully hydrogenated veg. oil CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Direct food substance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1324, GRAS Properties: Ivory wh. fine beads; 98% through 100 mesh; m.p. 72 C; nonionic; 96% monoglyceride Pationic® 919 [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl tristearate See Tristearin CAS 555-43-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-097-6 515

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Migrating from cotton/cotton fabrics in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.70 Properties: Ivory wh. fine beads; 98% through 100 mesh; m.p. 65 C; nonionic Pationic® 925 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium/sodium stearoyl lactylate Uses: Dough strengthener, emulsifier, processing aid, surfactant, stabilizer, formulation aid, texturizer, whipping agent, conditioner in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.844, 172.846 Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 99% through 20 mesh; m.p. 45-55 C; sapon. no. 195-230 Pationic® 930 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate See Calcium stearoyl lactylate CAS 5793-94-2; EINECS/ELINCS 227-335-7 Uses: Dough conditioner, whipping agent, conditioner in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.844 Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 99% through 20 mesh; m.p. 45-55 C; sapon. no. 195-230; anionic; 4.2-5.2% Ca Pationic® 940 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate See Calcium stearoyl lactylate CAS 5793-94-2; EINECS/ELINCS 227-335-7 Uses: Dough conditioner, whipping agent, conditioner in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.844 Properties: Ivory free-flowing powd.; basic pH; anionic; 12% Ca Pationic® 1019 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl tristearate See Tristearin CAS 555-43-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-097-6 Uses: Migrating from cotton/cotton fabrics in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.70 Properties: Ivory wh. very fine flakes; m.p. 65 C Pationic® 1042 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Direct food substance Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Ivory wh. very fine flakes; m.p. 60-63 C; 43% monoglyceride Pationic® 1042K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate, kosher CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Direct food substance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Ivory wh. very fine flakes; m.p. 62 C; 43% α-monoglyceride Pationic® 1042KB [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate, kosher See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Direct food substances affirmed as GRAS Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Ivory wh. fine beads; m.p. 62 C; 43% α-monoglyceride Pationic® 1052 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate from animal sources CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Direct food substance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Ivory wh. very fine flakes; m.p. 62 C; 53% α-monoglyceride Pationic® 1052K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate from veg. sources, kosher CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Direct food substance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Ivory wh. very fine flakes; m.p. 62 C; 53% α-monoglyceride Pationic® 1052KB [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Direct food substances affirmed as GRAS Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS; kosher Properties: Ivory wh. fine beads; m.p. 62 C; 53% α-monoglyceride Pationic® 1061 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate from veg. sources 516

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Direct food additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505, GRAS Properties: Amber visc. liq. @ 19 C; m.p. 39-41 C; 44% α-monoglyceride Pationic® 1233 [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium lactate CAS 814-80-2; EINECS/ELINCS 212-406-7 Uses: Firming agent, flavor enhancer, flavoring agent, adjuvant, leavening agent, nutrient supplement, stabilizer, thickener in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1207, GRAS Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; pH 7.1 (1%); 13% Ca Pationic® 1240 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium lactate CAS 814-80-2; EINECS/ELINCS 212-406-7 Uses: Firming agent, flavor enhancer, flavoring agent, adjuvant, leavening agent, nutrient supplement, stabilizer, thickener in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1207, GRAS Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; pH basic; 19.5% Ca Pationic® 1250 [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium lactate CAS 814-80-2; EINECS/ELINCS 212-406-7 Uses: Firming agent, flavor enhancer, flavoring agent, adjuvant, leavening agent, nutrient supplement, stabilizer, thickener in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.844, 184.1207 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; pH basic; 15.5% Ca Paygel® 290/295 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized wheat starch, highly refined, unmodified See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener, binder, water absorbent, fat emulsion stabilizer for foods, sausages, canned chili, soups, meat sauces, gravies, breading compds., donuts, flour-based mixes; strengthener in baked goods Properties: Wh. powd.; 99% min. through 30 mesh, 90% min. through 100 mesh; hydrates Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

rapidly in cold water; bulk dens. 26 lb/ft3 (loose), 30 lb/ft3 (packed); pH 6.0 (10% slurry); 7% moisture, 0.6% protein Storage: 1 yr. max. shelf life; store in cool, dry location; keep container closed when not in use PB-100 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: propylene glycol esters of fatty acids See Propylene glycol monoand diesters of fats and fatty acids CAS 977050-70-6 Uses: Alpha-ending emulsifier in toppings, powdered cake improvers, cake mixes; alpha-crystalline stabilizer for sponge cake foaming gel Regulatory: E477 Properties: Beads; m.p. 54-60; HLB 3.0 (caluculated); acid value 3 max.; iodine value 3 max.; sapon. value 135-145; hydroxyl value 135-160 PD-23 [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deodorized kerosene CAS 8008-20-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-366-4 Uses: Solvent, defoamer in froth flotation of vegetables Features: Refined aliphatic solvent; non-VOC Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.884, 178.3650 Properties: Colorless cl. liq., nearly odorless; sp.gr. 0.800 (60/60 C); visc. 2.6 cSt (40 C); vapor pressure < 0.01 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 452 F; pour pt. 0 F; flash pt. (COC) 230 F; ref. index 1.442 PD-25 [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petroleum distillates EINECS/ELINCS 232-298-5 Uses: Solvent, defoamer in froth flotation of vegetables Features: Refined aliphatic solvent; non-VOC Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.884, 178.3650 Properties: Colorless cl. liq., nearly odorless; sp.gr. 0.810 (60/60 C); visc. 3.9 cSt (40 C); vapor pressure < 0.01 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 510 F; pour pt. 20 F; flash pt. (COC) 260 F; ref. index 1.446 PD-28 [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petroleum distillates EINECS/ELINCS 232-298-5 Uses: Solvent, defoamer in froth flotation of vegetables Features: Refined aliphatic solvent; non-VOC Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620(a) 517

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Colorless liq., nearly odorless; sp.gr. 0.820 (60/60 C); visc. 4.6 cSt (40 C); vapor pressure < 0.01 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 526 F; pour pt. 30 F; flash pt. (COC) 285 F; ref. index 1.450 Peanut oil 545-000 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: fully refined peanut oil See Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil CAS 8002-03-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-296-4 Uses: Peanut flavor in food Properties: Iodine value 90-110 Storage: Store @ R.T. Pear Enhancer, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to enhance, build pear flavors Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; bartlett pear taste; sl. sol. in water; sol. in alcohol, oil Use Level: 2-10 ppm as consumed PenBind® 100 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; < 0.1g/100g protein; < 0.1g/100g; fat; 0.3 g/100 g ash; +85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Binder, gellant, stabilizer, texturizer in processed meat prods., fresh and processed poultry, deli meats, and hams Features: Very high visc.; smooth texture; retort and shear stabiltiy; does not mask texture or taste Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenBind® 120 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; < 0.22 g/100 g protein; < 0.1 g/100 g fat; 0.3 g/100 g ash; 85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Moisture barrier, crisping agent, and adhesion promoter for clear coat batters Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Remains crispy throughout extended hold times; reduces toughness; low visc. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenBind® 123 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; < 0.22 g/100 g protein; < 0.1 g/100 g fat; 0.3 g/100 g ash; 85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Moisture barrier, crisping agent, and toughness extender for clear coat batters Features: Used where improved hold time is required; extremely wh. in color Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenBind® 150 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from tapioca See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 15% max. moisture; < 0.2 g/100 g protein; < 0.2 g/100 g; fat; 0.24 g/100 g ash; 89.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Moisture barrier, crisping agent for clear coat batters Features: Remains crispy throughout extended hold times; reduces toughness; low visc. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 5.0-7.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenBind® 180 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; 0.1 g/100 g 518

Part I: Trade Name Reference protein; < 0.1 g/100 g fat; 0.3 g/100 g ash; +85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Moisture barrier, crisping agent for French fry clear coat batters Features: Extends heat lamp hold times Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenBind® 190 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; 0.1 g/100 g protein; < 0.1 g/100 g fat; 0.3 g/100 g ash; +85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Moisture barrier, crisping agent for clear coat batters Features: Extends heat lamp hold times Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of production; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenBind® 196 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; 0.1 g/100 g protein; < 0.1 g/100 g fat; 0.3 g/100 g ash; +85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Moisture barrier for clear coat batters Features: Inc. hold time, reduces oil pick-up in food service applics. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of production; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenBind® 830 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; < 0.1 g/100 g protein; < 0.1 g/100 g fat; 0.33 g/100 g ash; +82.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Gelling agent and texturizer in imitation cheese Features: Water holding capacity; med. visc. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 5.5-7.5 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of production; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenBind® 959 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 15% max. moisture; 0.12 g/100 g protein; < 0.59 g/100 g fat; 0.26 g/100 g ash; +88.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Freeze-thaw stabilizer, gellant, water binder for processed meat prods. Features: Provides clear disp. with protein @ low cooking temps.; does not mask desired meat texture or taste Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 5.5-7.5 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenBind® 1000 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; < 0.1g/100g protein; < 0.1g/100g fat; 0.3 g/100 g ash; 85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Freeze-thaw stabilizer, gellant, water binder for processed meat prods., deli meats, turkey breasts, and hams Features: Provides clear disp. with protein @ low cooking temps.; does not mask desired meat texture or taste Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; 519

Part I: Trade Name Reference keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenBind® 1015 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; < 0.1g/100g protein; < 0.1g/100g fat; 0.3 g/100 g ash; 85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Freeze-thaw stabilizer, gellant, water binder for processed meat prods., deli meats, turkey breasts, canned meat prods., and hams Features: Provides yield improvement, purge deduction, smooth texture, clear dispersion; high visc. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenCling® 205 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; < 0.1 g/100 g protein; < 0.1 g/100 g fat; 0.5 g/100 g ash; +81.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Crispness improver, binder, and film former for predusts, batters, and Asian noodles Features: Smooth texture; high visc.; provides yield improvement; does not mask subtle flavors of prods. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenCling® 510 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; 0.27 g/100 g protein; < 0.1 g/100 g fat; 0.1 g/100 g ash; +85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Moisture barrier, water binder, texturizer for reduced fat emulsified meat prods. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenCling® 530 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; 0.27 g/100 g protein; < 0.1 g/100 g fat; 0.3 g/100 g ash; +85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Moisture control agent, water binder, texturizer for reduced-fat emulsified meat prods. Features: Very high visc.; improves yield Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenCling® 580 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; 0.22 g/100 g protein; < 0.1 g/100 g fat; 0.3 g/100 g ash; +85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Moisture control agent, water binder, firming agent, film-former for reduced-fat emulsified meats; moisture control agent, water binder, crisping agent, film-former for wafers and crackers Features: Short body; med. visc. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenCling® 597 [Penford Food Ingreds. 520

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 18% max. moisture; 0.27 g/100 g protein; < 0.1 g/100 g fat; 0.3 g/100 g ash; +85.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Smoothing agent, crisping agent for clear coat batters, breadings Features: Provides extended hold time; offsets surface roughness caused by other ingreds. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; bland taste; particle size 98% thru US #100 screen; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenCling® 720B [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: dextrin Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8% max.; protein 0.1%; fat < 0.1%; ash 0.5%; sodium 0.0030%; calcium 0.0024%; potassium 0.0045%; Mg 0.007%; Fe < 0.0001%; phosphorus 0.080%; copper 0.0003%; zinc 0.0002% Uses: Thickener, crispness improver for batters and breadings, cl. coat batters Features: Extends hold time Regulatory: GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; 75% through US standard #200, 90% through US standard 100 screen; pH 5.0-7.0 Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Potential dust explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, water, typical combustion by-products Storage: 2 yrs. shelf life; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. PenCling® 9172 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Adhesion promoter and carrier for clear coat batters for vegetables, meat, poultry, and meat analog Features: Reduces charring and blistering from cooking surface Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; bland taste Storage: 2 yr shelf life from date of productions; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

to avoid moisture absorp. PenCook® 10 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Native potato starch See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Water binder, visc. builder, gellant, adhesive for soups, sauces, gravies, baked goods, meats, seafood Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. color; odorless; bland taste Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Potential dust explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, water, typical combustion by-products HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenCook® 30 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: native rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch Chem. Analysis: Moisture 14%; protein 0.37%; fat 0.44%; ash 0.24%; sodium 0.0398%; calcium 0.0253%; potassium 0.0027%; Mg 0.0067%; Fe 0.00008%; phosphorus < 0.020%; copper 0.00011%; zinc 0.00014% Uses: Viscosifier, water-holding aid, binder for coatings, protein, baby food, extruded snacks, dairy and desserts Features: Gluten-free Properties: Wh. powd.; bland taste; 98% through US screen #100; pH 5.5-7.5 Storage: 2 yrs. shelf life; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. PenCook® 37 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: native waxy rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch Chem. Analysis: Moisture 14% max.; protein 0.43%; fat 0.25%; ash 0.24%; sodium 0.0447%; calcium 0.016%; potassium 0.0027%; Mg 0.0050%; Fe 0.00007%; phosphorus < 0.020%; copper 0.00010%; zinc 0.00007% Uses: Viscosifier, water-holding aid, binder for baby food, health food, processed meats, coatings, chicken and mushroom marinade, puffed snacks, dairy desserts, ice cream Features: Gluten-free; superior freeze-thaw 521

Part I: Trade Name Reference stability; easy to digest Properties: Wh. powd.; bland taste; 98% through US screen #100; pH 5.5-7.5 Storage: 2 yrs. shelf life; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. PenCook® 50 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Native tapioca starch Uses: Water binder, visc. builder, dusting agent, adhesive, thickener for foods Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; bland taste Precaution: Potential dust explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, water, typical combustion by-products HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenCrisp® 905 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch, potato dextrin, rice flour, Salt, Sodium acid pyrophosphate, sodium bicarbonate, and xanthan gum See Food starch, modified; Sodium chloride Chem. Analysis: 15% max. moisture; 1.9 g/100 g protein; 0.2 g/100 g fat; 6.8 g/100 g ash; 80.0 g/100 g carbohydrates CAS 53124-00-8; 7647-14-5; 758-16-9; 144-558; 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-598-3; 231-835-0; 205-633-8; 234-394-2 Uses: Adhesion promoter, carrier, binder, and film former for clear coat batters for vegetables, meat, poultry, and meat analog Features: Provides extended hold time Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; bland taste; pH 6.0-8.0 Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenPlus® 40 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized modified food starch from potato See Food starch, modified Uses: Water binder, crisping agent for extruded snacks, cereals, pet foods Features: Reduces machine energy requirements Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Bland taste Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenPlus® 40M [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized modified food starch from potato, monoglycerides See Food starch, modified Uses: Water binder, crisping agent for extruded snacks, cereals, pet foods Features: Contains lubricants for inc. extruder throughput; reduces machine energy requirements Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Bland taste Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenPlus® 47 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized modified food starch from potato See Food starch, modified Uses: Water binder, texturizer for custard creams, pie fillings, cakes, muffins, soups, gravies, sauces, cheese sauces, salad dressings Features: Provides smooth glistening texture, clear heavy disp., short body; stable @ low pH Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. color; bland taste Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenPlus® 47B [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized modified food starch from potato See Food starch, modified Uses: Water binder, texturizer for custard creams, pie fillings, cakes, muffins, soups, gravies, sauces, cheese sauces, salad dressings Features: Provides smooth glistening texture, clear heavy disp., short body; stable @ low pH Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. color; bland taste Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenPlus® 205 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Uses: Water binder, visc. builder for cakes, 522

Part I: Trade Name Reference muffins, pancakes, waffles, breads, frostings, soups, sauces, gravies; volume improver for cakes and muffins Features: Provides heavy clear disps., short body Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. color; bland taste Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Potential dust explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, water, typical combustion by-products HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenPlus® 205B [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized modified food starch from potato See Food starch, modified Uses: Water binder, visc. builder for cakes, muffins, pancakes, waffles, breads, frostings, soups, sauces, gravies; volume improver for cakes and muffins Features: Provides heavy clear disps., short body Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; bland taste Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Potential dust explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, water, typical combustion by-products HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenPlus® 300 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized modified food starch from potato See Food starch, modified Uses: Water binder, visc. builder for cakes, cookies, muffins, donuts, corn breads, waffles, pancakes, breads, emulsified meats; volume improver for cakes Features: Provides clear disp., long body Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; bland taste Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Potential dust explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, water, typical Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

combustion by-products HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenPlus® 2100 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized modified food starch from potato See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, water binder, texturizer, freeze-thaw stabilizer for soups, sauces, gravies Features: Provides smooth, creamy, sl. grainy texture; superior steam table stability over extended hold times Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland taste Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Potential dust explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, water, typical combustion by-products HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenPlus® MG [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized unmodified potato starch, monoglyceride See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch Uses: Water binder, softener, antitackifier, antistaling agent, moisture retention aid for doughs, wheat and corn flour tortillas, pizza crusts Features: Improves machinability Regulatory: Kosher Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenPlus® UM [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized unmodified potato starch See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Visc. builder, water binder for cakes, muffins, pancakes, waffles, donuts, breadings, nuts, batters, coatings, corn breads, ice creams cones Features: Provides transparent disp., long body Regulatory: Kosher; GRAS; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; sm. particle size; bland 523

Part I: Trade Name Reference taste Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Potential dust explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, water, typical combustion by-products HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. PenPlus® UX [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized unmodified potato starch See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Visc. builder, water binder for cakes, muffins, pancakes, waffles, donuts, breadings, nuts, batters, coatings, corn breads, ice creams cones Features: Provides transparent disp., long body Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. color; lg. particle size; bland taste Storage: Keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. Penreco Amber [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods; fruit/vegetable coatings; animal feed supplements Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; OSHA nonhazardous; DOT nonhazardous Properties: Yel. semisolid, odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.86 (60 F); visc. 68-82 SUS (210 F); m.p. 122-135 F; congeal pt. 123 F; solid. pt. 122 F; flash pt. (COC) 400 F; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >5 g/kg; LD50 (dermal, rat) 2 g/kg; ACGIH 5 mg/m3 TWA, 10 mg/m3 STEL; pract. nontoxic by ingestion, but laxative props. may cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes and skin on direct contact; STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides Storage: Store in closed containers away from Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Penreco Blond [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; OSHA nonhazardous; DOT nonhazardous Properties: Yel. semisolid, odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.86 (60 F); visc. 68-82 SUS (210 F); m.p. 122-135 F; congeal pt. 123 F; solid. pt. 122 F; flash pt. (COC) 400 F; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >5 g/kg; LD50 (dermal, rat) 2 g/kg; ACGIH 5 mg/m3 TWA, 10 mg/m3 STEL; pract. nontoxic by ingestion, but laxative props. may cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes and skin on direct contact; STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Penreco Cream [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; OSHA nonhazardous; DOT nonhazardous Properties: Cream visc. semisolid, odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.87 (60/60 F); visc. 64-75 SUS (210 F); m.p. 122125 F; b.p. 650 F; congeal pt. 125 F; solid. pt. 122 F; flash pt. (COC) 445 F Toxicology: Pract. nontoxic by ingestion, but laxative props. may cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes and skin on direct contact; STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: 524

Part I: Trade Name Reference dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Penreco Lily [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; OSHA nonhazardous; DOT nonhazardous Properties: Wh. visc. material, odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.86 (60/60 F); visc. 6475 SUS (210 F); m.p. 122-135 F; b.p. 650 F; congeal pt. 124 F; solid. pt. 123 F; flash pt. (COC) 400 F Toxicology: Pract. nontoxic by ingestion, but laxative props. may cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes and skin on direct contact; STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Penreco Regent [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; OSHA nonhazardous; DOT nonhazardous Properties: Wh. semisolid, odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.86 (60/60 F); visc. 5770 SUS (210 F); m.p. 125-130 F; b.p. 650 F; congeal pt. 120 F; solid. pt. 119 F; flash pt. (COC) 400 F Toxicology: Pract. nontoxic by ingestion, but laxative props. may cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes and skin on direct contact; STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Penreco Royal [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; OSHA nonhazardous; DOT nonhazardous Properties: Yel. semisolid, odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.86 (60 F); visc. 57-70 SUS (210 F); m.p. 118-130 F; congeal pt. 118 F; solid. pt. 115 F; flash pt. (COC) 400 F; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >5 g/kg; LD50 (dermal, rat) 2 g/kg; ACGIH 5 mg/m3 TWA, 10 mg/m3 STEL; pract. nontoxic by ingestion, but laxative props. may cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes and skin on direct contact; STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Penreco Snow [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Base, solvent, carrier for foods (animal feed supplement, fruit/veg. coatings); release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: USP, FDA 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; OSHA nonhazardous; DOT nonhazardous Properties: Wh. opaque semisolid, odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.86 (60/60 F); visc. 64-75 SUS (210 F); vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg (70 F); m.p. 122-135 F; b.p. 650 F; congeal pt. 123 F; solid. pt. 121 F; flash pt. (COC) 400 F Toxicology: Pract. nontoxic by ingestion, but laxative props. may cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes and skin on direct contact; STEL 10 525

Part I: Trade Name Reference mg/m3 (as oil mist); TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Penreco Super [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; OSHA nonhazardous; DOT nonhazardous Properties: Wh. opaque semisolid, odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.86 (60/60 F); visc. 60-75 SUS (210 F); m.p. 122-135 F; b.p. 650 F; congeal pt. 125 F; solid. pt. 124 F; flash pt. (COC) 400 F Toxicology: Pract. nontoxic by ingestion, but laxative props. may cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to eyes and skin on direct contact; STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers Penreco Ultima [Penreco http://www.penreco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Base, carrier for foods, fruit/vegetable coatings; release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; OSHA nonhazardous; DOT nonhazardous Properties: Wh. opaque semisolid, odorless; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.86 (60/60 F); visc. 60-70 SUS (210 F); m.p. 130-140 F; b.p. 650 F; congeal pt. 130 F; solid. pt. 128 F; flash pt. (COC) 400 F Toxicology: Pract. nontoxic by ingestion, but laxative props. may cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea; minimally irritating to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

eyes and skin on direct contact; STEL 10 mg/m3 (as oil mist); TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: dense smoke, CO, CO2, other oxides Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, oxidizers PenTexture® 300 [Penford Food Ingreds. http://www.penfordfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch from potatoes See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: Moisture 8% max.; protein < 0.1%; fat < 0.1%; ash 0.3%; +95.0 g/100 g CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Bulking agent for and natural colorant for tomato sauces, tomato paste, pizza sauces, spaghetti sauces, pulp, fruit-based prods. Features: Easily dispersed in food systems; pulpy texture; no flavor interference in tomato prods. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to off wh. coarse particles; bland taste; 98% through US standard #12, 90% through US standard 100 screen; pH 5.0-7.0 Storage: 2 yr. shelf life from date of prod.; keep away from water, humidity, high temps. to avoid moisture absorp. Peppermint Oil 540 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: L-Menthol (> 50%), Neomenthol (1-10%), L-Menthone (10-50%), L-Methyl acetate (1-10%), 1,8-Cineole (110%) See Eucalyptol; 1-Menthol; l-Menthyl acetate; d-Neomenthol CAS 2216-51-5; 2216-52-6; 14073-97-3; 262323-6; 470-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 218-690-9; 218-691-4; 237-926-1; 220-076-0; 207-431-5 UN 1993 (bulk) Uses: Flavor for chocolate/mint candies, and chewing gum Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan IEC Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; mint-type odor; sol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 0.896; vapor dens. > 1; b.p. 204 C; flash pt. (TCC) 74 C Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong acids, bases and materials that react with unsat. hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters 526

Part I: Trade Name Reference and ethers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep container tightly closed; avoid prolonged exposure to air Pepsin 1:3000 Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pepsin CAS 9001-75-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-629-3 Uses: Proteolytic enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas; digests coagulated egg albumen; enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins Properties: Off-wh. to lt. brn. powd., nonoffensive char. odor, salty taste; freely sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; pH 3-4 (2%) Storage: Preserve in tight containers with moisture-proof liners, in cool, dry place Pepsin 1:6000 [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pepsin CAS 9001-75-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-629-3 Uses: Proteolytic enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas; digests coagulated egg albumen; enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins Properties: Powd. or gran. Storage: Preserve in tight containers with moisture-proof liners, in cool, dry place Pepsin 1:10,000 Powd. or Gran. [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pepsin CAS 9001-75-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-629-3 Uses: Proteolytic enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas; digests coagulated egg albumen; enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins Properties: Weak yel. to lt. brn. gran. or powd., nonoffensive char. odor, salty taste; freely sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; pH 3-4 (2%) Storage: Preserve in tight containers with Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

moisture-proof liners, in cool, dry place Pepsin 1:15,000 Powd. [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pepsin CAS 9001-75-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-629-3 Uses: Proteolytic enzyme for food/cheese mfg., meat tenderizers; digestive aid in nutritional formulas (tablets, capsules, powds.), animal health formulas; digests coagulated egg albumen; enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins Properties: Weak yel. to lt. brn. powd., nonoffensive char. odor, salty taste; freely sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; pH 3-4 (2%) Storage: Preserve in tight containers with moisture-proof liners, in cool, dry place Perfecta® [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Features: Lightest color, med. consistency, high m.p. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 0.3Y color; visc. 9-14 cSt (100 C); m.p. 57-60 C Perfectamyl™ Gel MB [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Texturizer, gellant for casein-reduced cheese analogs, and dairy prods. Perfection® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate, leavening, FCC CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Leavening agent for baking, cereals, doughnuts, cakes, prepared mixes, devil's food cake formulations Features: Food-grade; fast acting; often used with slower-acting sodium acid pyrophosphates to increase reaction rate Regulatory: FCC Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; 100% through 60 mesh, 99% through 200 mesh; sol. 13 g/100 g saturated sol'n.; m.w. 221.94; bulk dens. 68 lb/ft3; m.p. > 900 C;pH 4.3 (1%); hygroscopic; 100%. act. 527

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: OSHA:TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust); LD50 (oral, rat) 2650 mg/kg; may cause eye, skin, and resp. tract irritation; may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid breathing dust, direct or prolonged contact with skin and eyes, dusting conditions, heat, open flame, spark, static electricity, strong bases and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: POx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in an area that is cool, dry, away from ignition sources, isolated from all toxic and harmful substances Performarome [Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Uses: Flavoring agent for hard-boiled candies, bakery fruit fillings Performix™ A Lecithin [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy lecithin and mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids See Lecithin Chem. Analysis: 1% max. moisture; 0.05% max. hexane insol. ; 56% min. acetone insol. CAS 8002-43-5; 67254-73-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: W/o and o/w emulsifier for chewing gum bases, confections, and margarine. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, 184.1505; EC Directive 74/329/EEC. Properties: Translucent liq.; Gardner color 14 max.; acid value 30 max. Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ < 95 C in unopened, original packaging; avoid excessive exposure to light, moisture Performix™ E Lecithin [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin Chem. Analysis: 0.80% max. moisture CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier in agglomerated powders, aqueous release agents, instant beverage mixes and foods Properties: Gardner color 14 max.; translucent fluid; acid value 26 max.; hexane insol. 0.05% max.; acetone insol. 50% min.; moisture 0.8% max. Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ < 95 C in unopened, original packaging; avoid excessive exposure to light, moisture Perma-Flo® [Tate & Lyle UK Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for acidic and neutral foods, sauces, gravies, puddings, pie fillings, canned and frozen foods, baby foods, imitation dairy prods. Features: Cook-up starch; maintains freezethaw/shelf-life stability, bland flavor, smooth uniform visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., bland flavor; 95% through 100 mesh; pH 5.5 (uncooked); 12% moisture Perma-Flo® HV [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Freeze/thaw stabilizer, visc. control agent, moisture control agent, shelflife/freshness improver in bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer, shelflife/freshness improver, visc. control agent in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Features: High visc.; smooth texture; good stability in acidic and neutral systems and in high shear pumping and mixing processes Permitex [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sugar; calcium carbonate; agar; salt; mono- and diglycerides; artificial flavor See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Sodium chloride; Sucrose Uses: Icing stabilizer Features: Quick setting props. allow products to be packaged soon after applic., but icings and glazes remain pumpable at applic. temp. Use Level: 2-3% based on powdered sugar wt. Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep container closed when not in use; do not leave product exposed to the air for extended periods as it will absorb moisture Pescamine [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Uses: Yield improvers for fish; reduces dripping losses in frozen fish prods. PG USP [Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol CAS 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-338-0 Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier, texturizer, antioxidant, anticaking agent, humectant 528

Part I: Trade Name Reference for certain food applics. Regulatory: USP, FCC, Eur. Ph., JP Properties: APHA 10 max. color; sol. in water; m.w. 76.1; sp.gr. 1.035 (20/20 C); dens. 8.62 lb/gal (20 C); visc. 46 cps; vapor pressure < 0.1 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 189 C; HLB 9.4; flash pt. (Seta) 211 F; ref. index 1.431; surf. tens. 38 dynes/cm; sp. heat 0.593 Cal/g°C; 99.5% min. assay HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Phenylethyl Alcohol Extra [BASF http://www.basf.com] Chem. Descrip.: 2-Phenylethanol See Phenethyl alcohol CAS 60-12-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-456-2 Uses: Mildly floral, rose-like fragrance and flavoring with nuances of hyacinth and honey Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; floral, rose, honey odor; floral, rose, sl. chocolate-like taste; sol. in water (20 g/l), ethanol (> 500 g/l); dens. 1.02; visc. 12 mm2/s; vapor pressure 0.08 mbar; m.p. -65 C; b.p. 219 C; flash pt. 101.5 C; pH 67; autoignition temp. 410 C; lel 1.4%; uel 11.9%; substanitivity > 48 hrs. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2230 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) 2 g/kg; irritating to eyes Environmental: LC50 (Leuciscus idus, 96 h) 220-460 mg/l; NOEC 100 mg/l; EC/LC0 (48 h) ≈ 250 mg/l; do not allow product to enter drains; readily biodeg. Precaution: Wear protective gloves, safety glasses with side shields; avoid contact with skin Storage: Keep tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place; protect from light Phosal® 50 SA+ [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Safflower oil and lecithin See Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Uses: Solubilizer for lipophilic substances; phosphatidylcholine source for nutritional supplements, esp. as capsule filling mass Properties: Honey yel. fluid, typ. odor; dilutable with water; dens. 0.9-1.0 g/cm3 (20 C); visc. 5000 mPa·s max.; pH 5.5-7.5; 53 ± 3% phosphatidylcholine Toxicology: Edible; oral and topical applicable; nontoxic Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear safety glasses; avoid contact with eyes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store in clean, cool, dry place @ 15-20 C in well-closed containers; warming reverses sedimentation; protect from light, gross contamination with bacteria; use soon after opening Phosal® 53 MCT [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin in Caprylic/capric triglyceride, and Alcohol (5% max.); Oleic acid, and Ascorbyl palmitate CAS 8030-76-0; 526220-27-2; 64-17-5; 112-801; 137-66-6; EINECS/ELINCS 310-129-7; 265724-3; 200-578-6; 204-007-1; 205-305-4 Uses: Solubilizer for lipophilic substances; phosphatidylcholine source for dietetics, esp. as filling mass for soft gelatin capsules Properties: Honey yel. fluid, typ. odor; dilutable with water; sp.gr. 1.0 g/ml; visc. 5000 mPa·s max.; flash pt. 30 C; pH 6-8; 56 ± 3% phosphatidylcholine; 5% ethanol Toxicology: Avoid eye contact and ingestion; harmless by inh. and skin contact; considered nontoxic Storage: Store in clean, dry place @ R.T. in closed containers; warming reverses sedimentation; use immediately after opening; protect from light Phosal® 75 SA [Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin, ethanol, and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil See Alcohol Uses: Solubilizer for lipophilic substances; phosphatidylcholine source for nutritional supplements, esp. as capsule filling mass Properties: Honey yel. fluid, nut-like odor; dilutable with water; dens. 1.0 g/cm3; visc. 5500 mPa·s max.; pH 6-8; 75 ± 3% phosphatidylcholine, 9% ethanol Toxicology: Edible; oral and topical applicable; nontoxic Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear safety glasses; avoid contact with eyes; avoid sources of ignition and static discharges Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in clean, dry place @ 15-25 C in tightly closed containers; warming reverses sedimentation; use soon after opening; protect from light, gross contamination with bacteria Phospholipon® 90 G [Am. Lecithin 529

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.americanlecithin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin, 90% min. soya 3-snphosphatidylcholine CAS 97281-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Phosphatidylcholine source for dietetics Properties: Lt. yel. solid or gran., typ. odor; dilutable with water; dens. 1.0 g/cm3 (20 C); bulk dens. 400-500 kg/m3; acid no. 0.5 max.; pH 7±1; 95% conc. Toxicology: Harmless; edible; oral and topical applicable Environmental: biodeg.; ecologically harmless; forms slippery surfs. with water; do not discharge into drains, surf. waters, groundwater Storage: Hygroscopic; store in clean, dry place @ 5-20 C in tightly closed containers, sealed under inert gas; protect from light Phytol™ PNUT [Custom Ingreds. http://www.custoblend.com] Chem. Descrip.: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil CAS 8002-03-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-296-4 Uses: Lubricating oil for foods Regulatory: EU, Japan approved PhytroX® LT 10 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: D-mixed tocopherols, ascorbyl palmitate in a lecithin and sunflower oil carrier See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; d-δTocopherol CAS 119-13-1; 137-66-6; 8002-43-5; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-305-4; 232-307-2; 232273-9 Uses: Preservative, shelf-life extender for vegetable oils and animal fats, frying oils and specific oil blends for infant food, mayonnaise, baked products and confectionery PhytroX® LT 15 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: D-mixed tocopherols, ascorbyl palmitate in a lecithin and sunflower oil carrier See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; d-δTocopherol CAS 119-13-1; 137-66-6; 8002-43-5; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-305-4; 232-307-2; 232273-9 Uses: Preservative, shelf-life extender for Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

vegetable oils and animal fats, frying oils and specific oil blends for infant food, mayonnaise, baked products and confectionery PhytroX® LTR 10 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: D-mixed tocopherols, ascorbyl palmitate and rosemary extractin a lecithin and sunflower oil carrier See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; dδ-Tocopherol CAS 119-13-1; 137-66-6; 84604-14-8; 8002-435; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-305-4; 283-291-9; 232-307-2; 232-273-9 Uses: Preservative, shelf-life extender for frying oils and specific oil blends for infant food, mayonnaise, baked products and confectionery PhytroX® LTR 15 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: D-mixed tocopherols, ascorbyl palmitate and rosemary extractin a lecithin and sunflower oil carrier See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; dδ-Tocopherol CAS 119-13-1; 137-66-6; 84604-14-8; 8002-435; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-305-4; 283-291-9; 232-307-2; 232-273-9 Uses: Preservative, shelf-life extender for frying oils and specific oil blends for infant food, mayonnaise, baked products and confectionery PhytroX® Tocomix L50 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: D-mixed tocopherols (50%), ascorbyl palmitate, lecithin and sunflower oil as carrier See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; d-δ-Tocopherol CAS 119-13-1; 137-66-6; 8002-43-5; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-305-4; 232-307-2; 232273-9 Uses: Preservative, shelf-life extender for vegetable oils and animal fats, frying oils and specific oil blends for infant food, mayonnaise, baked products and confectionery Features: Easy to handle; cost effective

530

Part I: Trade Name Reference PhytroX® Tocomix L70 [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: D-mixed tocopherols (70%), ascorbyl palmitate, lecithin and sunflower oil as carrier See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; d-δ-Tocopherol CAS 119-13-1; 137-66-6; 8002-43-5; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-305-4; 232-307-2; 232273-9 Uses: Preservative, shelf-life extender for vegetable oils and animal fats, frying oils and specific oil blends for infant food, mayonnaise, baked products and confectionery Features: Easy to handle; cost effective Piccolyte® C115 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydipentene CAS 9003-73-0 Uses: Cleared under FDA regulations for use as masticatory agents in chewing gum compositions Regulatory: FDA compliance as masticatory agent in chewing gum Properties: Gardner 4 (50% in toluene) solid, flakes; sol. in aliphatic, aromatic, chlorinated hydrocarbons, min. oil, VM&P naphtha, turpentine, ether, amyl and butyl acetates, long-chain aliphatic alcohols; sp.gr. 0.94-0.99; melt visc. 204 C (1 poise); soften. pt. (R&B) 115 C; acid no. < 1; sapon. no. < 2; flash pt. (COC) 235 C Piccolyte® C125 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyterpene resin derived from poly-limonene See Terpene resin CAS 9003-74-1 Uses: Masticatory agents in chewing gum compositions Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.515, 172.615, 175.105, 175.320, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.2600 Properties: Gardner 4 (50% in toluene) solid, flakes; sol. in aliphatic, aromatic, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, min. oil, VM&P naphtha, turpentine, ether, amyl and butyl acetates, long-chain aliphatic alcohols; sp.gr. 0.94-0.99 melt visc. 214 C; soften. pt. (R&B) 125 C; acid no. < 1; sapon. no. < 2; flash pt. (COC) 241 C

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Piccolyte® S115 [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyterpene resin derived from poly-β-pinene See Terpene resin CAS 9003-74-1 Uses: Marking on fruits and vegs., chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA compliance Properties: Gardner 2 solid; sol. in aliphatic, aromatic, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters, ethers, long-chain alcohols, higher ketones; insol. in water; dens. 0.99 kg/l; melt visc. 220 C; acid no. < 1; sapon. no. < 2; soften pt. 115 C; flash pt. (COC) 234 C Pie Dough Culture [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Provides greater tolerances to mixing variation in pie doughs, improves crust color and flavor; produces finished crusts with dry, flaky char. Pie Dough-N-Answer [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Pie dough relaxer that produces tender, flaky crust while preventing doughs from shrinking. Pineal Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Freeze-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Pineapple Flakes Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cayenne pineapple and green banana as carrier (20%) Chem. Analysis: 5% max. moisture; 2.1% protein; 0.5% fat; 52% total sugars; 5% dietary fiber Uses: Pineapple flavor in dry fruit preparations, powdered drinks, cake mixes, pies, bread and some frozen desserts and soft food diets Features: Produced by ripening the pineapple, extracting, pulping, dosing the green banana carrier and sieving the mixture; then drum drying it Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; GMO complaint Properties: Pineapple color/flavor/odor; flakes; 25% retained thru 20 mesh; dens. 360-440 g/l Use Level: Reconstituted 1:5 with water are used in the same uses as crushed pineapple 531

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed original containers Pineapple Powder Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cayenne pineapple and green banana as carrier (20%) Chem. Analysis: 5% max. moisture; 2.1% protein; 0.5% fat; 52% total sugars; 5% dietary fiber Uses: Pineapple flavor in dry fruit preparations, powdered drinks, cake mixes, pies, bread and some frozen desserts and soft food diets Features: Produced by ripening the pineapple, extracting, pulping, dosing the green banana carrier and sieving the mixture; then drum drying it Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified; GMO complaint Properties: Pineapple color/flavor/odor; powd.; 25% retained thru 20 mesh; dens. 550-650 g/l Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed original containers Pineapple Ketone, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Chem. Descrip.: 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy3(2H)furanone See 4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl3(2H) furanone CAS 3658-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 222-908-8 Uses: Flavor for use in fruit, meat, coffee, candy, cola, and baked goods Features: Naturally occurs in coffee, grapes, malt, pineapples, raspberries, roasted almonds and filberts, strawberries Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Lt. yel. to dark tan solid; cotton candy, caramelized pineapple-strawberry odor and taste; sol. in alcohol, PG, sl. sol. in water Pineapple Ketone Acetate, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Chem. Descrip.: 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy3(2H)furanone See Furaneol acetate CAS 4166-20-5 Uses: Flavoring agent in fruit, meat, coffee, candy, cola, baked goods, artificially sweetened foods and beverages Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; sugar odor and taste; sol. in alcohol, oil, and PG, sl. sol. in water Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Use Level: 0.005-5 ppm as consumed alpha-Pinene P&F [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: α-Pinene with 400 ppm Tenox GT-1 (food-grade antioxidant) CAS 7785-26-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-077-3 UN 2368 Uses: Syn. flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515 Properties: Colorless liq., warm resinous pinelike aroma, balsamic taste; sol. 1 in 15 in 80% alcohol; m.w. 136.24; sp.gr. 0.851-0.855; dens. 7.14 lb/gal; b.p. 156.7 C; flash pt. (TCC) 29.4 C; ref. index 1.464-1.468 (20 C); 99% min. act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3700 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; mod. skin irritant; oxidized material produces some sensitization reactions; TSCA listed Environmental: marine pollutant beta-Pinene P&F [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: β-Pinene with 500 ppm Tenox GT-1 (food-grade antioxidant) CAS 18172-67-3; EINECS/ELINCS 242-060-2 UN 2319 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515 Properties: Cl. appearance, dry woody or piney resinous odor; sol. 1 in 14 in 80% alcohol; m.w. 136.24; sp.gr. 0.864-0.872; dens. 7.24 lb/gal; b.p. 165 C; flash pt. (TCC) 35 C; ref. index 1.477-1.481 (20 C); 97% min. act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4700 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; mod. skin irritant; contact may cause skin and eye irritation; TSCA listed Pinnacle™ 170 USP White Petrolatum [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum white See Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Opaque, white semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 170 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLV532

Part I: Trade Name Reference TWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Pinnacle™ 170A USP Amber Petrolatum [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum amber See Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Opaque, amber semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 170 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLVTWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Pinnacle™ 190 USP White Petrolatum [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum white See Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Opaque, white semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 190 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLVTWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Pinnacle™ 190A USP Amber Petrolatum [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum amber See Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Opaque, amber semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 190 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLVTWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Pinnacle™ 225 USP White Petrolatum [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum white See Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Opaque, white semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 225 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLVTWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material 533

Part I: Trade Name Reference Pinnacle™ 225A USP Amber Petrolatum [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum amber See Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Amber semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 225 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLVTWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Pinnacle™ LC 170 Petrolatum, USP [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Opaque, white semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 170 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLVTWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Pinnacle™ LC 190 Petrolatum, USP [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Opaque, white semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 190 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLVTWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Pinnacle™ LC 225 Petrolatum, USP [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Opaque, white semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 225 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLVTWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Pinnacle™ WF 170 Petrolatum, USP [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Opaque, white semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; 534

Part I: Trade Name Reference sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 170 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLVTWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Pinnacle™ WF 190 Petrolatum, USP [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Opaque, white semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 190 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLVTWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Pinnacle™ WF 225 Petrolatum, USP [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, conditioner, moisture resistance/retention aid in food Regulatory: USP, FCC, 21CFR 172.880, 178.3700, 573.720; SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Opaque, white semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp. gr < 1; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; 35-80 C; consistency 225 dmm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; ACGIH TLVTWA 2 mg/m3 (oil mist), OSHA PEL 2 mg/m3 (wax fumes) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Avoid extreme heat, chlorine, fluorine, strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Paraffin fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material Pionier® 17106 [Hansen & Rosenthal http://www.hansen-rosenthal.de/] Chem. Descrip.: Polydecene (> 50%), hydrogenated microcrystalline wax (2550%) Uses: Protective coating on raw fruits/vegetables; masticatory substance in chewing gum base Features: Smooth consistency; good adhesiveness Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.886, 178.3710; DAB, BP compliance Properties: Snow-wh. liq./solid; m.w. > 500; dens. 830-840 kg/m3 (70 C); visc. 9.5-11.5 mm2/s (90 C); m.p. 65-70 C; congeal pt. 59-64 C Toxicology: Nontoxic orally Environmental: not ecotoxic; potentially biodeg.; not expected to bioaccumulate in aquatic environment Pisane® [Cosucra SA http://www.cosucra.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pea protein isolate Uses: Functional and nutritional additive, water and fat binder, emulsifier, foaming agent for meat and fish prods., biscuits, pastry-making, desserts, prepared dishes, soups, sauces, dietary, health, and baby foods Features: GMO-free; gluten-free Properties: Cream-colored powd., neutral taste; < 150 µ; easily dispersible; pH 7.5 (10%); 94% min. dry matter Storage: Store under dry conditions for max. 1 yr. Pita Soft [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Dough improver providing greater tolerance and keeping qualities in lean formulated baked goods such as pita breads, tortillas, soft pretzels, and bagels; keeps prods. soft for days Placental Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive 535

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Powd. Plantain Powder Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Plantain bananas Chem. Analysis: 5% max. moisture; 4-7 protein%; 0.6% fat; 62-65% carbohydrates; 5% fiber Uses: Neutral flavoring agent in foods; glutenfree wheat flour replacement; thickener in liq. formulations, dry mixes Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified Properties: Cream powd.; neutral flavor Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed containers Plantex® [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Range of prods. based on yeast extracts and manufactured under mild conditions where all hydrolysis is accomplished by enzymes and all processing is at low temps. See Yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Uses: Flavoring agent for foods Features: HVP-free; flavor profiles incl. basic flavors, general roasted/brown beef, chicken, pork, tomato, onion, cheese, mushroom, bacon, and ham Properties: Powd. and paste forms Plasdone® C-15 [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, homopolymer See PVP CAS 9003-39-8; EINECS/ELINCS 201-800-4 Uses: Clarifier for beer, wine, vinegar; tableting adjuvant for vitamins, minerals, flavor concs., nonnutritive sweeteners; stabilizer, bodying agent, dispersant in foods Regulatory: Not regulated for transport; FDA 21CFR §173.55; USP, FCC, BP, German Ph., French Ph., Italian Ph. compliance; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS; Australia AICS Properties: Wh. to creamy wh. powd, odorless, tasteless; 50 µ mean particle size; hygroscopic; sol. in aq. and org. solv. systems; bulk dens. 0.1-0.25 g/cc; pH 3-7 (5% aq.); 5% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral) > 10 g/kg; very low chronic oral toxicity; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (juvenile turbot, 96 h) > 1 g/l, (corophium volutator, 10 d) > 1 g/l; EC50 (marine algae, 72 h) > 1 g/l; not readily biodeg. (11% in 28 d) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Wear gloves, safety glasses; incompat. oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of nitrogen Storage: Prevent excessive moisture pickup; store in tightly closed containers in coo, dry place out of direct sunlight; keep away from heat, sparks, flame Plasdone® C-30 [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: PVP (Povidone USP) CAS 9003-39-8; EINECS/ELINCS 201-800-4 Uses: Clarifier for beer, wine, vinegar; tableting adjuvant for vitamins, minerals, flavor concs., nonnutritive sweeteners; stabilizer, bodying agent, dispersant in foods Regulatory: USP/NF, FCC, BP, EP, JP, JPE compliance; FDA 21CFR §173.55; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS; Australia AICS Properties: Wh. to creamy wh. powd, odorless, tasteless; 30 µ mean particle size; hygroscopic; sol. in water, aq. and org. solv. systems; bulk dens. 0.25-0.4 g/cc; flash pt. none; pH 3-7 (5% aq.); 5% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 m/kg (very low toxicity); not absorbed topically; not a primary skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes; nonsensitizing; prolonged contact may cause dermatitis; nuisance dust: TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 total, 5 mg/m3 respirable; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (juvenile turbot, 96 h) > 1 g/l, (corophium volutator, 10 d) > 1 g/l; EC50 (marine algae, 72 h) > 1 g/l; not readily biodeg. (11% in 28 d) Precaution: Wear gloves, safety glasses; incompat. with strong oxidizing or reducing agents; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of nitrogen Storage: Prevent excessive moisture pickup Plasdone® K-25 [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: PVP (Povidone USP) CAS 9003-39-8; EINECS/ELINCS 201-800-4 Uses: Clarifier for beer, wine, vinegar; tableting adjuvant for vitamins, minerals, flavor concs., nonnutritive sweeteners; stabilizer, bodying agent, dispersant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.55; USP, FCC, BP, German Ph., French Ph., Italian Ph. compliance Properties: Wh. or creamy wh. powd., odorless, 536

Part I: Trade Name Reference tasteless; hygroscopic; sol. in aq. and org. solvs.; pH 3-7 (5% aq.); 5% max. moisture Toxicology: Very low chronic oral toxicity Storage: Prevent excessive moisture pickup Plasdone® K-29/32 [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: PVP (Povidone USP) CAS 9003-39-8; EINECS/ELINCS 201-800-4 Uses: Clarifier for beer, wine, vinegar; tableting adjuvant for vitamins, minerals, flavor concs., nonnutritive sweeteners; stabilizer, bodying agent, dispersant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.55; USP, FCC, BP, German Ph., French Ph., Italian Ph. compliance Properties: Wh. or creamy wh. powd., odorless, tasteless; hygroscopic; sol. in water, aq. and org. solvs.; flash pt. none; pH 3-7 (5% aq.); 5% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 100,000 mg/kg; very low chronic oral toxicity; not absorbed topically; not a primary skin irritant; nonirritating to eyes; nuisance dust: TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 total, 5 mg/m3 respirable Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing or reducing agents; heated to decomp., may emit toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Prevent excessive moisture pickup Plasdone® K-90 [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: PVP (Povidone USP) CAS 9003-39-8; EINECS/ELINCS 201-800-4 Uses: Clarifier for beer, wine, vinegar; tableting adjuvant for vitamins, minerals, flavor concs., nonnutritive sweeteners; stabilizer, bodying agent, dispersant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.55; USP, FCC, JP,BP, German Ph., French Ph., Italian Ph. compliance Properties: Wh. or creamy wh. powd., odorless, tasteless; 10% max. < 75 µ particle size; hygroscopic; sol. in water, aq. and org. solvs.; bulk dens. 0.4-0.6 g/cc; pH 3-7 (5% aq.); 5% max. moisture Toxicology: Very low chronic oral toxicity; essentially nontoxic by inh., IV, or other parenteral routes; not a primary skin irritant; nonsensitizing; nonirritating to eyes Storage: Prevent excessive moisture pickup Pluracol® E300 [BASF/Perf. Chems. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-6 CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 220-045-1 Uses: Dispersant in food tablets and preps. Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; m.w. 300; sol. in water and org. solvs. except aliphatic hydrocarbons; dens. 9.4 lb/gal; sp.gr. 1.12; visc. 5.9 cs (99 C); flash pt. (COC) 210 C; pour pt. -13 C; surf. tens. 62.9 dynes/cm (1%); pH 5.7 (5% aq.); nonionic Pluracol® E400 [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-8 CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 225-856-4 Uses: Dispersant in food tablets and preps. Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in water and org. solvs. except aliphatic hydrocarbons; dens. 9.4 lb/gal; sp.gr. 1.12; visc. 7.39 cs (210 F); flash pt. 460 F; surf. tens. 66.6 dynes/cm (1%); pH 6.2 (5% aq.); nonionic; 100% act. Pluracol® E600 [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-12 CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 229-859-1 Uses: Dispersant in food tablets and preps. Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in water and org. solvs. except aliphatic hydrocarbons; dens. 9.4 lb/gal; sp.gr. 1.12; visc. 10.83 cs (210 F); flash pt. 480 F; surf. tens. 65.2 dynes/cm (1%); pH 5.3 (5% aq.); nonionic; 100% act. Pluracol® E4000 [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-75 CAS 25322-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Uses: Dispersant in food tablets and preps. Properties: Wh. waxy solid; sol. in water and org. solvs. except aliphatic hydrocarbons; dens. 10.0 lb/gal; sp.gr. 1.20; m.p. 59.5 C; flash pt. > 490 F; surf. tens. 61.9 dynes/cm (1%); pH 6.7 (5% aq.); nonionic; 100% act. Pluracol® W5100N [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: PPG-33-buteth-45 CAS 74623-31-7 Uses: Defoamer for food processing Properties: APHA 40 max. visc. liq.; sol. in 537

Part I: Trade Name Reference water, alcohols, ketones, esters, benzene, toluene, glycol ethers, chlorinated solvs.; dens. 8.83 lb/gal; sp.gr. 1.06; visc. 5100 SUS (100 F); cloud pt. 55 C (1%); flash pt. (OC) 437 F; pour pt. -20 F; pH 5.5-7.0 (10% aq.); nonionic Plurafac® LF 1300 [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Alkoxylated straight chain alcohol Uses: Defoamer for sugar processing Features: Low foaming Properties: Sl. ylsh. cl. liq.; sol. @ 10% in wh. spirit, benzene, ethanol, IPA, trichlorethylene; dens. 0.97 g/cm3; visc. 140 cps; set pt. -5 C; pH 7 (5% aq.); surf. tens. 35 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); nonionic; 100% conc. Environmental: < 80% biodeg.; toxic to aquatic organisms; may cause long-term adverse effects on aquatic environment Storage: Hygroscopic; 2 yrs. shelf life when stored in tightly closed original containers below 20 C Plurol® Diisostearique [Gattefosse France http://www.gattefosse.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate CAS 66082-42-6; EINECS/ELINCS 291-548-1 Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods Features: Cold process; exc. appearance, gloss, afterfeel, and stability at 50 C Regulatory: DMF no. 11696 Properties: Pale yel. cl. to sl. opalescent visc. liq., faint odor; sol. in min. and veg. oils; insol. in water, alcohols; acid no. < 5; iodine no. < 8; sapon. no. 128-148; ref. index 1.471-1.475; nonionic; < 0.5% water Storage: Avoid moisture and air; storage below 18 C can lead to reversible opalescence Plurol® Oleique CC 497 [Gattefosse France http://www.gattefosse.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-6 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; cloud inhibitor in salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; FCC compliance; worldwide food additive status; E475 compliance Properties: Visc. liq.; char. odor; HLB 6; nonionic Plurol® Stearique WL 1009 [Gattefosse France http://www.gattefosse.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-6 distearate CAS 34424-97-0; EINECS/ELINCS 252-010-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FCC listed Properties: Gardner < 10 waxy solid, faint odor; sol. in chloroform, methylene chloride; partly sol. in ethanol; disp. in water; HLB 9.0; drop pt. 48-53 C; acid no. < 5; iodine no. < 3; sapon. no. 120-140; pH 7.0-9.5 (10% aq.); nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: Nonirritating to eyes Pluronic® PE 6100 [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: PO/EO block polymer See EO/PO block polymer or copolymer CAS 9003-11-6 Uses: Defoamer for sugar processing Features: Low foaming Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in ethanol, 2propanol, toluene, tetrachloroethylene, min. spirit; m.w. 2000; dens. 1.02 g/cm3; visc. 350 mPa·s; pour pt. -20 C; cloud pt. 24 C (1% aq.); ref. index 1.45; pH 7 (5% aq.); surf. tens. 40 mN/m (1 g/l in DW); nonionic; 100% conc. Pluronic® PE 6200 [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: PO/EO block polymer See EO/PO block polymer or copolymer CAS 9003-11-6 Uses: Defoamer for sugar processing Features: Low foaming Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in water, 10% HCl, ethanol, 2-propanol, toluene, tetrachloroethylene; m.w. 2500; dens. 1.04 g/cm3; visc. 500 mPa·s; pour pt. -14 C; cloud pt. 32 C (1% aq.); ref. index 1.45; pH 7 (5% aq.); surf. tens. 41 mN/m (1 g/l in DW); nonionic; 100% conc. Pluronic® PE 6400 [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: PO/EO block polymer See EO/PO block polymer or copolymer CAS 9003-11-6 Uses: Defoamer for sugar processing Features: Low foaming Properties: Colorless sl. cloudy liq.; sol. in water, 10% HCl, ethanol, 2-propanol, toluene, tetrachloroethylene; m.w. 3000; dens. 1.05 g/cm3; visc. 1000 mPa·s; pour pt. 16 C; cloud pt. 59 C (1% aq.); ref. index 1.45; pH 7 (5% aq.); surf. tens. 41 mN/m (1 g/l in DW); nonionic; 100% conc. Pluronic® PE 8100 [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: PO/EO block polymer See 538

Part I: Trade Name Reference EO/PO block polymer or copolymer CAS 9003-11-6 Uses: Defoamer for sugar processing Features: Low foaming Properties: Colorless cl. to sl. cloudy liq.; sol. in 2-propanol, toluene, tetrachloroethylene; m.w. 2600; dens. 1.04 g/cm3; visc. 700 mPa·s; pour pt. -30 C; cloud pt. 18 C (1% aq.); ref. index 1.45 (70 C); pH 7 (5% aq.); surf. tens. 35 mN/m (1 g/l in DW); nonionic; 100% conc. Pluronic® RPE 2520 [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: EO/PO block polymer See EO/PO block polymer or copolymer CAS 9003-11-6 Uses: Defoamer for sugar processing Properties: Liq.; sol. in toluene, min. spirits, wh. spirit, spindle oil, ethanol, IPA; dens. 1.0 g/cc; visc. 1500 cps; set pt. -20 C; cloud pt. 28 C (in water); pH 9 (5% aq.); surf. tens. 37 dynes/cm; nonionic; 100% conc. Storage: Hygroscopic; 2 yr. shelf life when stored indoors in tightly sealed original pkg.; protect from frost; may become cloudy @ low temps. (heat to 25-30 C to reverse) PO-100 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol ester of fatty acids Uses: Alpha-ending emulsifier in toppings, powdered cake improvers, cake mixes, alpha-crystalline stabilizer for sponge cake foaming gel Properties: Liq.; HLB 3.4 (caluculated); acid value 3 max.; iodine value 3 max.; sapon. value 162-172; hydroxyl value 165-195 Poem DM-100 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Uses: Emulsifier and antibacterial in food Poem DO-100 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Uses: Emulsifier for oils and fats in food Poem DP-95RF [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Uses: Emulsifier and antibacterial for beverages Use Level: 300-1500 ppm in coffee; 2000-3000 ppm in corn soup and shiruko Poem DS-100A [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Uses: Emulsifier and foaming agent for cakes Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Gives smooth, good texture; keeps natural flavor of cake; stable cake through high foaming stability; produces a variety of cakes that are highly oil-proof Polar Bake [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of conditioners, enzymes, and oxidizing agents Uses: Dough conditioner, frozen dough stabilizer for baked goods Features: Provides exc. machinability, reduced proof times, and exc. grain, texture, crust color, and freshness of finished prod. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd. PolarTex 05732 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Modified Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 10% moisture; 10 ppm max. SO2 CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener and water binder for use in bologna, hot dogs, poultry loaves, surimi, fruit and pie fillings, sauces, gravies, and soups Features: Excellent cold storage and freezethaw stability; low heat hydration temp. Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 Properties: Particle size 2% thru 100 mesh; bulk dens. (packed) 43 lbs/ft3; pH (1:5) 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity PolarTex 05733 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 10% moisture; 10 ppm max. SO2 CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Thickener for aseptic puddings, cheese sauces, fruit fillings, gravies, tomato sauces Features: Exce. cold storage stability; mod. set back; smooth, creamy texture Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 Properties: Particle size 2% thru 100 mesh; bulk dens. (packed) 49 lbs/ft3; pH (1:5) 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable 539

Part I: Trade Name Reference and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity PolarTex 05734 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Modified Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 10% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener for use in acidic sauces, fruit fillings, refrigerated or frozen foods, retorted foods, toppings, and hot-filled foods Features: Provides stability at low pH, high temp. processing and in excessive shear equipment; smooth creamy texture; good freeze-thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 Properties: Particle size 2% thru 100 mesh; pH (1:5) 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity PolarTex 05735 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.5% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Viscosifier for aseptic puddings and desserts, cream fillings, dairy prods., hot dogs, formed meat, surimi and poultry prods., retorted prods. Features: Low hot paste visc.; withstands wide range of processing conditions; stable in neutral and acidic food systems; contributes to soft, tender set of finished prods.; exc. freezethaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 Properties: Bland flavor; bulk dens. (packed) 48 lbs/ft3; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity PolarTex 05736 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

phosphate Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.5% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Viscosifier for use in canned food items, aseptically processed food, lemon fillings, Bavarian creams, puddings and cream pie fillings Features: Withstands a wide range of processing conditions; performs well in acidic systems; contributes a soft, tender set to finished prods.; good freeze-thaw stability; low hot paste viscosity provides rapid heat transfer Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 Properties: Bland flavor; bulk dens. (packed) 770 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity PolarTex 06727 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.5% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Viscosifier and stabilizer designed for food systems requiring light to moderate processing, such as frozen entrees, soups, sauces and gravies, hot dogs, formed meat, surimi and poultry, injected ham and poultry, and dry mixes (cook-up) Features: Low gelatinization temps., exc. pastry clarity; extremely high viscosity in neutral pH systems; exceptional cold storage and freezethaw stability; creamy texture; adaptable to most batch systems Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 Properties: Bland flavor; bulk dens. (packed) 720 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity PolarTex 06728 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Viscosifier and stabilizer designed for 540

Part I: Trade Name Reference food systems requiring light to moderate processing, such as frozen entrees, soups, sauces and gravies, hot dogs, formed meat, surimi and poultry, injected ham and poultry, and dry mixes Features: Low gelatinization temps., exc. pastry clarity; extremely high viscosity in neutral pH systems; exceptional cold storage and freezethaw stability; creamy texture Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bland flavor; pH (1:3) 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity

foods (gravies, soups, sauces), spoonable dressings, yogurt, and sour Features: Superior performance in continuous, high shear systems; stable viscosity under conditions of extreme heat and/or acid; good cold storage and freeze-thaw stability; short texture; exc. paste clarity Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bland flavor; bulk dens. (packed) 720 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity

PolarTex 06740 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.5% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Thickener designed for food systems requiring moderate to severe processing, such as bakery and fruit fillings, aseptic/shelf stable foods, soups, sauces and gravies, barbeque and tomato-based sauces, and salad dressings Features: Superior performance in continuous high shear systems; resistant to high heat and low pH; good cold storage and freeze-thaw stability; short texture; excellent paste clarity Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bland flavor; bulk dens. (packed) 720 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity

PolarTex 06747 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.5% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Viscosifier and stabilizer designed for food systems requiring severe processing and/or good heat penetration, such as canned fruit fillings, aseptic/shelf stable foods (gravies, soups, sauces), spoonable dressings, yogurt, and sour cream Features: Superior performance in continuous, high shear systems; stable viscosity under conditions of extreme heat and/or acid; good cold storage and freeze-thaw stability; short texture; exc. paste clarity Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bland flavor; bulk dens. (packed) 720 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity

PolarTex 06746 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.5% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Viscosifier and stabilizer designed for food systems requiring severe processing and/or good heat penetration, such as canned fruit fillings, aseptic/shelf stable

PolarTex 06748 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Viscosifier and stabilizer designed for food systems requiring moderate to severe processing conditions, such as pie fillings, bakery cream, frozen desserts, canned

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Part I: Trade Name Reference soups and sauces, salad dressings and creams; UHT dairy desserts Features: Exceptional cold storage and freezethaw stability; smooth, short texture; exc. paste clarity; resistant to high heat conditions Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bland flavor; bulk dens. (packed) 720 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity PolarTex-Instant 12640 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture; 0.9% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Pregelatinized thickener and binder designed for use in a wide variety of food prods. including instant puddings and pie fillings, soup, sauce and gravy mixes, cake and bakery mixes, cheese sauces, and custard fillings Features: Extremely high viscosity without cooking; smooth, creamy texture similar to cook-up starches; exc. cold storage and freeze-thaw stability; hydrates rapidly; provides moisture retention and extends shelf life of baked products Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bland flavor; 90% thru US 200 Mesh (.075 mm); bulk dens. (packed) 710 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 6 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity PolarTex-Instant 12641 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 3.5% moisture; 0.3% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Instant thickener recommended for food prods. prepared under abusive processing conditions, such as pastry fillings, puddings, fruit pies, sauce and gravy mixes, dressings Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Resistant to heat, acid and shear conditions; prevents boil-out in fruit pies and turnovers; exc. cold storage and freeze-thaw stability; provides moderate viscosity without cooking; for both neutral and acidic systems; rehydrates rapidly Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: 85% thru US 200 Mesh (.075 mm); bulk dens. (packed) 800 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity PolarTex-Instant 12643 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 8% moisture; 0.9% ash CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Pregelatinized thickener and binder designed to provide excellent storage stability in a variety of food prods. such as cake and bakery mixes, muffins and quick breads, instant puddings, custard and pie fillings, soups, sauces; and gravy mixes Features: Rapid hydration; extremely high viscosity without cooking; can be used in neutral and acidic foods; exc. cold storage, freeze-thaw stability, and paste clarity Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: 85% thru US 200 Mesh (.075 mm); bulk dens. (packed) 710 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Polyaldo® 10-1-O [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglyceryl monooleate See Polyglyceryl-10 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 279-230-0 Uses: Emulsifier for cakes, ice cream, desserts, beverages Features: Polysorbate replacer Regulatory: Made to food grade and Kosher requirements Properties: Waxy solid; HLB 13; nonionic Polyaldo® 10-1-O KFG [Lonza 542

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 279-230-0 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854, kosher Properties: Hazy visc. liq., mild odor, bland taste; HLB 14; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 70-80; hyd. no. 480-510; nonionic Polyaldo® 10-1-S KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglyceryl monostearate See Polyglyceryl-10 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent in cakes, desserts, beverages Features: Polysorbate replacer Regulatory: Made to food grade and Kosher requirements Properties: Soft solid; HLB 13; nonionic Polyaldo® 10-2-P [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglyceryl dipalmitate See Polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate Uses: Emulsifier, crystallization inhibitor in cakes, desserts, beverages Features: Polysorbate replacer Regulatory: Made to food grade and Kosher requirements Properties: Soft solid; HLB 12; nonionic Polyaldo® 10-6-O KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglyceryl hexaoleate See Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate Uses: Wetting agent in foods (icings, whipped toppings, pie fillings), beverages Regulatory: Made to food grade and Kosher requirements; 21 CFR 172.854 Properties: Liq.; acid value 5 max.; sapon. value 135-155; HLB 5; nonionic; 1% max, moisture Polyaldo® DGDO [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate CAS 11094-60-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-316-7 Uses: Emulsifier for baking, ice cream, general food use; crystal inhibitor in veg. oils; wetting agent; defoamer in sugarprotein syrups; dispersant, solubilizer for margarine Properties: Liq.; HLB 3.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Polyaldo® DGDO KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate CAS 11094-60-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-316-7 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Dispersant, solubilizer in margarine; antifoam and defoamer in sugar-protein syrups; crystallization inhibitor in high quality salad oils for salad dressings and mayonnaise Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; kosher Properties: Amber cl. liq., mild odor; sol. in ethanol, min. and veg. oils, insol. in water; HLB 3±1; acid no. 20 max.; iodine no. 80 max.; sapon. no. 155-185; hyd. no. 25-45; nonionic Use Level: 0.02-0.05% (syrups), 0.1-1.0% (margarine), 0.1% (salad oils) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Polyaldo® HGDS [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-6 distearate CAS 9009-32-9; EINECS/ELINCS 252-010-1 Uses: Emulsifier for baking, ice cream, reduced-fat foods, general food use; whipping agent for toppings and icings; foam stabilizer in acidic formulations; fat emulsifier; antisticking agent Properties: Bead; HLB 7.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Polyaldo® HGDS KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-6 distearate CAS 9009-32-9; EINECS/ELINCS 252-010-1 Uses: Emulsifier for cake mixes; whipping agent, foam stabilizer providing overrun to whipped creams; freeze/thaw stabilizer for frozen desserts; antisticking agent and chewability promoter in chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; kosher Properties: Tan beads, mild fatty odor, bland taste; sol. in ethanol; disp. in water; HLB 7±1; m.p. 56 C; acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 120-140; nonionic Use Level: 0.1-0.5% (frozen desserts) Storage: Store in cool, dry area Polyaldo® HGMP KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl ester fatty acid See Polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate Chem. Analysis: 0.5% max. moisture; 4% max. ash CAS 67784-82-1 Uses: Emulsifier for cake mixes; whipping agent in whipped creams; freeze/thaw stabilizer Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Waxy tan to lt. brn. solid; mild odor; mild taste; m.p. 45-50 C; HLB 11; acid no. 4 543

Part I: Trade Name Reference max.; iodine no. 1 max.; hydrophilic; nonionic Storage: Store in cool, dry place Polyaldo® TGMS [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-3 stearate CAS 37349-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 248-403-2 Uses: Emulsifier for baking, ice cream, whipped toppings, fillings, frostings, salad dressings, aerated fat systems, shortenings, general food use; aerating agent, whipping agent in fat-based systems and shortenings; fat replacement in frozen desserts; hardener, gloss aid in hard butters Regulatory: Kosher certified; 21 CFR 172.854 Properties: Off-wh. beads; bland taste; mild odor; m.p. 55 CHLB 7.0; acid no. 8 max.; nonionic; 100% conc. Storage: Store in a dry, cool area. Polyaldo® TGMSH KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglyceryl monoshortening See Polyglyceryl-3 shortening Chem. Analysis: 1% max. moisture Uses: Polysorbate replacer in icings, whipped toppings, and pie fillings Regulatory: 21 CFR 172.854; kosher Properties: Viscous liq.; sl. haze; HLB 7; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no.115-135; hyd. no. 330-390; nonionic; 1% max. moisture Polyaldo® TGMS KFG [Lonza http://www.lonza.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-3 stearate CAS 37349-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 248-403-2 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; aerating agent, whipping agent in fat-based systems, cakes, and cake icings; permits substantial fat reduction in frozen desserts; hardener and gloss aid in hard butter confectionery coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; kosher Properties: Off-wh. beads, mild odor, bland taste; sol. in ethanol, min. and veg. oils; insol. in water; HLB 7±1; m.p. 55 C; acid no. 8 max.; iodine no. 4 max.; sapon. no. 120-140; nonionic Storage: Store in cool, dry area Polyclar® 10 [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone homopolymer See Crospovidone CAS 9003-39-8 Uses: Beer stabilizer and haze inhibitor Properties: Fine wh. powd.; 13 µ avg. particle Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

size; insol. in water, acids, alkalis, and all org. solvs.; pH 5-11 (1 g/100 ml water) Polyclar® BV [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone See Crospovidone CAS 9003-39-8 Uses: Binder, adsorbent, and complexing agent in beer foam stabilization Features: No adverse effects on flavor, color, or aroma Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.50 Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; particle size (avg.) 30 μ; insol. in water; pH 5.0-11.0 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >5,000 mg/kg; low toxicity; not irritating to skin; TSCA listed Environmental: EC50 (maine algae, 72 h) >1,000 mg/L; biodeg.: 11% in 28 days Precaution: Avoid generating or breathing dust, strong oxidizing and reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: NOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry area away from direct sunlight Polyclar® Super R [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone See Crospovidone CAS 9003-39-8 Uses: Shelf-life extender, haze inhibitor, stabilizer for beer Features: Insol. in beer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.50 Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; particle size (avg.) 25 μ; insol. in water; pH 5.0-11.0 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >5,000 mg/kg; low toxicity; not irritating to skin; TSCA listed Environmental: EC50 (maine algae, 72 h) >1,000 mg/L; biodeg.: 11% in 28 days Precaution: Wear safety glasses and gloves HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Polyclar® Ultra Fine [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone See Crospovidone Chem. Analysis: 5% max. moisture CAS 9003-39-8 Uses: Binder, adsorbent, and complexing agent in beer foam stabilization Properties: Wh. to grey, free-flowing powd.; particle size (avg.) 13 mm; insol. in water; pH 544

Part I: Trade Name Reference 3.0-7.0 (5% sol'n.); hygroscopic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >5,000 mg/kg; low toxicity; not irritating to skin; TSCA listed Environmental: EC50 (maine algae, 72 h) >1,000 mg/L; biodeg.: 11% in 28 days Precaution: Avoid generating or breathing dust, strong oxidizing and reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: NOx HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry area away from direct sunlight Polyclar® Ultra K-100 [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone blended with cellulose, caseinate, and silicates See Crospovidone CAS 9003-39-8; 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Binder, adsorbent, and complexing agent in wine stabilization Properties: Wh. to grey, free-flowing powd.; pH 6-8; hygroscopic Toxicology: Low toxicity Polycon® S60 K [Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier, crystallization promoter, surface film-former, defoamer, flavor dispersant for foods, cakes, icings in combination with mono- and diglycerides, confectionery, coffee whiteners, whipped toppings; syn. flavoring agent Features: Lipophilic; rec. for emulsions where weaker water-binding props. and enhanced aeration are desired Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.842 Properties: Cream-colored powd.; m.p. 130 F; HLB 4.7; nonionic Use Level: 0.02-0.05% (defoaming), 0.5-2% (flavors) Polyglycol P1200 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PPG-20 CAS 25322-69-4 Uses: Boiler water additive (food contact); defoamer for beet sugar and yeast processing Regulatory: 21CFR §173.310, 173.340(a)(3), 176.200, 176.210 Properties: Liq.; m.w. 1200; sp.gr. 1.007; dens. 8.38 lb/gal; visc. 175 cSt; pour pt. -40 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 345 F; ref. index 1.448; surf. tens. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

43.3 dynes/cm (100 ppm); sp. heat 0.459 cal/g/°C; nonionic Polyglycol P2000 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PPG-26 CAS 25322-69-4 Uses: Boiler water additive (food contact); defoamer for beet sugar and yeast processing Regulatory: 21CFR §173.310, 173.340(a)(3), 176.200, 176.210 Properties: Liq.; sol. in ethanol, IPM, cyclomethicone, sunscreens, lactic acid; partly sol. in water, lt. min. oil; m.w. 2000; sp.gr. 1.002; dens. 8.34 lb/gal; visc. 300 cSt; pour pt. -30 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 390 F; ref. index 1.449; surf. tens. 39.6 dynes/cm (100 ppm); sp. heat 0.452 cal/g/°C; nonionic Polyglycol P4000 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PPG-30 CAS 25322-69-4 Uses: Boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: 21CFR §173.310, 176.200 Properties: Liq.; m.w. 4000; sp.gr. 1.005; dens. 8.36 lb/gal; visc. 800 cSt; pour pt. -26 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 365 F; ref. index 1.450; surf. tens. 39.6 dynes/cm (100 ppm); nonionic Polymuls® Range [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglycerol esters Uses: Emulsifier for foods, snacks, cereals, desserts, cake fillings, shortening Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; E475 compliance Polymuls® PGPR [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglycerol polyricinoleate See Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate Uses: Emulsifier for foods, margarine, shortening, chocolate confectionery; release agent, glazing agent for foods Regulatory: E476 compliance Polyox® WSR 301 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-90M NF CAS 25322-68-3 Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages (300 ppm max.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 177.1350; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d) Properties: Wh. gran. powd., mild ammoniacal 545

Part I: Trade Name Reference odor; 100% through 10 mesh, 96% through 20 mesh; sol. in water, some chlorinated solvs., alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones; m.w. 4,000,000; bulk dens. 19-37 lb/ft3; visc. 1650-5500 cps (1% aq.); m.p. 62-67 C; pH 810 (1% aq.); nonionic Precaution: Slippery when wet Storage: Store in sealed containers below 25 C, away from heat; avoid dust buildup Polyox® WSR 303 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene oxide NF CAS 25322-68-3 Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages (300 ppm max.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 177.1350; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d) Properties: Wh. gran. powd., mild ammoniacal odor; 100% through 10 mesh, 96% through 20 mesh; sol. in water, some chlorinated solvs., alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones; m.w. 7,000,000; bulk dens. 19-37 lb/ft3; visc. 7500-10,000 cps (1% aq.); m.p. 62-67 C; pH 810 (sol'n.); nonionic Precaution: Slippery when wet Storage: Store in sealed containers below 25 C, away from heat; avoid dust buildup Polyox® WSR 308 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene oxide CAS 25322-68-3 Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages (300 ppm max.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 177.1350; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d) Properties: Wh. gran. powd., mild ammoniacal odor; 100% through 10 mesh, 96% through 20 mesh; sol. in water, some chlorinated solvs., alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones; m.w. 8,000,000; sp.gr. 1.15-1.26; bulk dens. 19-37 lb/ft3; visc. 10,000-15,000 cps (1% aq.); m.p. 62-67 C; pH 8-10 (sol'n.); nonionic Precaution: Slippery when wet Storage: Store in sealed containers below 25 C, away from heat; avoid dust buildup Polyox® WSR Coagulant [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-115M NF CAS 25322-68-3 Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

beverages (300 ppm max.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 177.1350; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d) Properties: Wh. gran. powd., mild ammoniacal odor; 100% through 10 mesh, 96% through 20 mesh; sol. in water, some chlorinated solvs., alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones; m.w. 5,000,000; sp.gr. 1.15-1.26; bulk dens. 19-37 lb/ft3; visc. 5500-7500 cps (1% aq.); m.p. 62-67 C; pH 8-10 (sol'n.); nonionic Precaution: Slippery when wet Storage: Store in sealed containers below 25 C, away from heat; avoid dust buildup Polywax® 500 [Baker Petrolite http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer (m.w. 500) CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: Incl. FDA §172.888, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 178.3720, 179.45 Properties: Prills; low sol. in org. solvs., esp. at R.T.; sol. in CCl4, benzene, xylene, toluene, turpentine; m.w. 500; melt index > 5000 g/10 min; dens. 0.93 g/cc; visc. 6.6 cps (99 C); m.p. 88 C; soften. pt. (R&B) 88 C Polywax® 600 [Baker Petrolite http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer (m.w. 600) CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Food applics. Features: Syn. polymer; outstanding heat stability and resist. to chemical attack Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.888, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3720, 178.3850, 179.45 Properties: Visc. 64 SUS (149 C); m.p. 94 C Polywax® 655 [Baker Petrolite http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer (m.w. 655) CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: Incl. FDA 21CFR §172.888, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 178.3720, 179.45 546

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Prilled; low sol. in org. solvs., esp. at R.T.; sol. in CCl4, benzene, xylene, toluene, turpentine; m.w. 655; melt index > 5000 g/10 min; dens. 0.94 g/cc; visc. 5 cps (149 C); m.p. 99 C; soften. pt. (R&B) 99 C Polywax® 850 [Baker Petrolite http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer (m.w. 850) CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Food applics. Regulatory: Incl. FDA 21CFR §172.888, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 178.3720, 179.45 Properties: M.w. 850; melt index > 5000 g/10 min; dens. 0.96 g/cc; visc. 8.5 cs (149 C); m.p. 107 C; soften. pt (R&B) 107 C Polywax® 1000 [Baker Petrolite http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer (m.w. 1000) CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Food applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.888, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3720, 178.3850, 179.45 Properties: Prilled; low sol. in org. solvs., esp. at R.T.; sol. in CCl4, benzene, xylene, toluene, turpentine; m.w. 1000; melt index > 5000 g/10 min; dens. 0.96 g/cc; visc. 12 cps (149 C); m.p. 113 C; soften. pt. (R&B) 113 C Polywax® 2000 [Baker Petrolite http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer (m.w. 2000) CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Ion-exchange membrane in prod. of grapefruit juice to adjust ratio of citric acid to total solids Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.20, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45 Properties: Prilled; low sol. in org. solvs., esp. at R.T.; sol. in CCl4, benzene, xylene, toluene, turpentine; m.w. 2000; melt index > 5000 g/10 min; dens. 0.97 g/cc; visc. 48 cps (149 C); m.p. 126 C; soften. pt. (R&B) 126 C

http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene homopolymer (m.w. 3000) CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Ion-exchange membrane in prod. of grapefruit juice to adjust ratio of citric acid to total solids Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.20, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1520, 177.2600, 178.3570, 178.3850, 179.45 Properties: M.w. 3000; melt index > 5000 g/10 min; dens. 0.98 g/cc; visc. 130 cps (149 C); m.p. 129 C; soften. pt. (R&B) 129 C Polywet® ND-2 [Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium polyacrylate, bisulfite terminated aq. sol'n. CAS 9003-04-7 Uses: Min. scale control agent during evaporation of beet or cane sugar juice; boiler water additive (food contact); defoamer in food processing Features: Effective over wide pH range; resists hydrolysis; stable to acid and alkali Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.73, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1210; Australia, Canada, China, EU, Japan, Korea, and Philippines compliances; DOT, IMDG, ICAO nonregulated; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; NJ Rightto-Know Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. cl. liq., char. odor; sol. in alcohols and water; m.w. ≈ 1000; sp.gr. 1.16; visc. 24-40 cps; pH 6.8-7.8; anionic; 25% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 23 g/kg; eye irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (bluegill sunfish, 96 h) > 8000 ppm; nontoxic to fish or activated sludge microorganisms Precaution: Use chemical resistant gloves, safety glasses, chemical protective clothing; prevent from entering sewer systems, surface water or soil NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from sources of direct heat in a dry area; stable to prolonged storage below freezing

Polywax® 3000 [Baker Petrolite Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Polywet® ND-35 [Chemtura http://www.chemtura.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium polyacrylate, bisulfite terminated, aq. sol'n. CAS 9003-04-7 Uses: Min. scale control agent during evaporation of beet or cane sugar juice; boiler water additive (food contact); defoamer in food processing Features: Nonfoaming; effective over broad pH range Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.73, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1210; DOT, IMDG, ICAO nonregulated; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; NJ Right-to-Know; Australia, Canada, China, EU, Japan, Korea, and Philippines compliances Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; char. odor; sol. in alcohols and water; sp.gr. 1.25; visc. 5090 cps; pH 7.2; anionic; 34% solids Toxicology: Expected LD50 (oral, rat) > 11 g/kg; sl. irritating to eyes; nonirritating to skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Use chemical resistant gloves, safety glasses, chemical protective clothing; prevent from entering sewer systems, surface water or soil; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store away from sources of direct heat in dry area; keep containers closed when not in use; stable to prolonged storage at temps. below freezing Polywet® WTC 6512 [Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium polyacrylate, bisulfite terminated, aq. sol'n. CAS 9003-04-7 Uses: Min. scale control agent during evaporation of beet or cane sugar juice; boiler water additive (food contact); defoamer in food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.73, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1210; Australia, Canada, EU, Japan, Korea, and Philippines compliances Properties: Yel. to amber liq.; char. odor; sol. in alcohols and water; sp.gr. 1.30; visc. 400-1300 cps; pH 6.8-7.8; anionic; 48% solids Toxicology: Expected LD50 (oral, rat) 10 g/kg; may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

agents Storage: Store away from sources of direct heat in dry area; keep containers closed when not in use; stable to prolonged storage at temps. below freezing Polywet® Z-1766 [Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium polyacrylate, bisulfite terminated, aq. sol'n. CAS 9003-04-7 Uses: Min. scale control agent during evaporation of beet or cane sugar juice; boiler water additive (food contact); defoamer in food processing Features: Effective over broad pH range; resists hydrolysis Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.73, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1210; Australia, Canada, EU, Japan, Korea, and Philippines compliances Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. cl. to opalescent liq., char. odor; sol. in alcohols and water; sp.gr. 1.23; visc. 180-350 cps; pH 7.0; anionic; 35% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 12.3 g/kg; nonirritating to eyes and skin Storage: Store in closed containers away from sources of direct heat in a dry area; stable to prolonged storage below freezing Pork Pancreas Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Freeze-dried defatted prod. derived from hog pancreas glands Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Potassium Caseinate S [DMV USA http://www.dmv-international.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium caseinate CAS 68131-54-4 Uses: Emulsifier for low-sodium dietetic foods Properties: Spray-dried Potato Enhancer - 1, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to enhance potato flavors of snack foods, sauces, soups Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; potato taste; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol, oil Use Level: 0.001-0.01% as consumed 548

Part I: Trade Name Reference Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Agar agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, emulsifier, bulking agent for foods (bakery prods., confectionery, dairy, cheese, canning); flavoring agent Properties: Wh. to pale yel. powd., sl. char. odor, mucilaginous taste; insol. in cold water, slowly sol. in hot water, completely sol. in boiling water; insol. in alcohol and most org. solvs. Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60 [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Agar agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, emulsifier, bulking agent for foods (bakery prods., confectionery, dairy, cheese, canning); flavoring agent Properties: Wh. to pale yel. powd., sl. char. odor, mucilaginous taste; insol. in cold water, slowly sol. in hot water, completely sol. in boiling water; insol. in alcohol and most org. solvs. Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80 [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Agar agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, emulsifier, bulking agent for foods (bakery prods., confectionery, dairy, cheese, canning); flavoring agent Properties: Wh. to pale yel. powd., sl. char. odor, mucilaginous taste; insol. in cold water, slowly sol. in hot water, completely sol. in boiling water; insol. in alcohol and most org. solvs. Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100 [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Agar agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, emulsifier, bulking agent for foods (bakery prods., confectionery, dairy, cheese, canning); flavoring agent Properties: Wh. to pale yel. powd., sl. char. odor, mucilaginous taste; insol. in cold water, slowly sol. in hot water, completely sol. in boiling water; insol. in alcohol and most org. solvs. Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150 [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Agar agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, emulsifier, bulking agent for foods (bakery prods., confectionery, dairy, cheese, canning); flavoring agent Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. to pale yel. powd., sl. char. odor, mucilaginous taste; insol. in cold water, slowly sol. in hot water, completely sol. in boiling water; insol. in alcohol and most org. solvs. Powdered Guar Gum Type A [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, visc. modifier, water binder, stabilizer, lubricant for foods (dairy prods., bakery, meat, beverages, salad dressings) Properties: Wh. to ylsh. powd., nearly odorless, bland taste; disp. in cold or hot water; insol. in org. solvs. Powdered Guar Gum Type AA [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, visc. modifier, water binder, stabilizer, lubricant for foods (dairy prods., bakery, meat, beverages, salad dressings) Properties: Wh. to ylsh. powd., nearly odorless, bland taste; disp. in cold or hot water; insol. in org. solvs. Powdered Guar Gum Type B [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, visc. modifier, water binder, stabilizer, lubricant for foods (dairy prods., bakery, meat, beverages, salad dressings) Properties: Wh. to ylsh. powd., nearly odorless, bland taste; disp. in cold or hot water; insol. in org. solvs. Powdered Guar Gum Type BB [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, visc. modifier, water binder, stabilizer, lubricant for foods (dairy prods., bakery, meat, beverages, salad dressings) Properties: Wh. to ylsh. powd., nearly odorless, bland taste; disp. in cold or hot water; insol. in org. solvs. Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Protective colloid, stabilizer, suspending agent, emulsifier, film-former, visc. builder for foods (confectionery, 549

Part I: Trade Name Reference flavors); foam stabilizer in brewing; sugar crystallization retarder in candies, jellies, glazes, chewing gum; flavoring agent Properties: Powd., almost odorless and tasteless; sol. in hot or cold water Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Protective colloid, stabilizer, suspending agent, emulsifier, film-former, visc. builder for foods (confectionery, flavors, foam stabilizer in brewing); sugar crystallization retarder in candies, jellies, glazes, chewing gum; flavoring agent Properties: Powd., almost odorless and tasteless; sol. in hot or cold water Powdered Gum Ghatti #1 [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum ghatti CAS 9000-28-6 Uses: Stabilizer, binder, emulsifier forming o/w emulsions; used in beverage emulsions where it forms orange oil emulsions, in table syrup emulsions Properties: Off-wh. to lt. amber gum; 99% through 80 mesh, ≥ 90% through 100 mesh; visc. ≥ 100 cps (5%) Powdered Gum Ghatti G-1 [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Gum ghatti Chem. Analysis: 15% max. moisture; 3.6% max. total ash, 2.5% acid insol. residue CAS 9000-28-6 Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent, emulsion stabilizer for foods; emulsifier for flavor oils; stabilizer for table syrup emulsions Features: Low ash Properties: Lt. brn. free-flowing powd., odorless; 99.9% min. through 80 mesh, 98% min. through 140 mesh; visc. 200 cps min. (5%); pH 4.5-5.2 (5%) Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Karaya gum FCC See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum CAS 9000-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-539-4 Uses: Stabilizer, water binder, emulsifier for foods, water ices, sherbets, cheese spreads, meringue powds., meat Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

processing Properties: Water-sol. Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Karaya gum NF/FCC See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum CAS 9000-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-539-4 Uses: Stabilizer, water binder, emulsifier for water ices, sherbets, cheese spreads, meringue powds., meat processing Properties: Powd.; 100% through 80 mesh, ≥ 60% through 200 mesh; swells in water, insol. in alcohol; visc. ≥ 200 cps (1%); pH 4.4-4.8 Use Level: 0.2-0.4% (sherbets), < 0.8% (cheese spreads), 0.25-1% (meat) Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, binder in foods (salad dressings, sauces, bakery toppings, flavor syrups, confectionery) Properties: Ylsh. wh. to tan powd., odorless, insipid taste; swells rapidly in hot or cold water; insol. in alcohol, other org. solvs. Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-150 [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Gum tragacanth USP/NF/FCC See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Thickener, visc. control agent, emulsifier in foods Features: Low insol. matter Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd., bland mucilaginous odor and taste; 95% min. through 140 mesh, 65% min. through 200 mesh; visc. 1000 cps min. (1%); pH 5-6 (1%); 15% max. moisture Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-200 [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Gum tragacanth USP/NF/FCC See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Thickener, visc. control agent, emulsifier in foods Features: Low insol. matter Properties: Lt. cream to lt. yel. free-flowing powd., bland mucilaginous odor and taste; 95% min. through 140 mesh, 65% min. through 200 mesh; visc. 700 cps min. (1%); pH 5-6 (1%); 15% max. moisture 550

Part I: Trade Name Reference Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-300 [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Gum tragacanth USP/NF/FCC See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Thickener, visc. control agent, emulsifier in foods Features: Low insol. matter Properties: Lt. cream to lt. yel. free-flowing powd., bland mucilaginous odor and taste; 95% min. through 140 mesh, 65% min. through 200 mesh; visc. 490 cps min. (1%); pH 5-6 (1%); 15% max. moisture Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-400 [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Gum tragacanth USP/NF/FCC See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Thickener, visc. control agent, emulsifier in foods Features: Low insol. matter Properties: Lt. cream to lt. yel. free-flowing powd., bland mucilaginous odor and taste; 95% min. through 140 mesh, 65% min. through 200 mesh; visc. 350 cps min. (1%); pH 5-6 (1%); 15% max. moisture Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-500 [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Gum tragacanth USP/NF/FCC See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Thickener, visc. control agent, emulsifier in foods Features: Low insol. matter Properties: Lt. cream to lt. yel. free-flowing powd., bland mucilaginous odor and taste; 95% min. through 140 mesh, 65% min. through 200 mesh; visc. 280 cps min. (1%); pH 5-6 (1%); 15% max. moisture Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, binder in foods (salad dressings, sauces, bakery toppings, flavor syrups, confectionery) Properties: Ylsh. wh. to tan powd., odorless, insipid taste; swells rapidly in hot or cold water; insol. in alcohol, other org. solvs. Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Premium [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, binder in foods (salad dressings, sauces, bakery toppings, flavor syrups, confectionery) Properties: Ylsh. wh. to tan powd., odorless, insipid taste; swells rapidly in hot or cold water; insol. in alcohol, other org. solvs. Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, binder in foods (salad dressings, sauces, bakery toppings, flavor syrups, confectionery) Properties: Ylsh. wh. to tan powd., odorless, insipid taste; swells rapidly in hot or cold water; insol. in alcohol, other org. solvs. Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, binder in foods (salad dressings, sauces, bakery toppings, flavor syrups, confectionery) Properties: Ylsh. wh. to tan powd., odorless, insipid taste; swells rapidly in hot or cold water; insol. in alcohol, other org. solvs. Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, binder in foods (salad dressings, sauces, bakery toppings, flavor syrups, confectionery) Properties: Ylsh. wh. to tan powd., odorless, insipid taste; swells rapidly in hot or cold water; insol. in alcohol, other org. solvs. Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 551

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, binder in foods (salad dressings, sauces, bakery toppings, flavor syrups, confectionery) Properties: Ylsh. wh. to tan powd., odorless, insipid taste; swells rapidly in hot or cold water; insol. in alcohol, other org. solvs. Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent, thickener, stabilizer, binder in foods (salad dressings, sauces, bakery toppings, flavor syrups, confectionery) Properties: Ylsh. wh. to tan powd., odorless, insipid taste; swells rapidly in hot or cold water; insol. in alcohol, other org. solvs. Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum FCC See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, water binder, suspending agent, and stabilizer for soft cheese, cheese spreads, ice cream, baked goods, cakes, frozen pie fillings, sausages, stuffed meat prods., canned pet foods Properties: Water-sol. Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1 [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Thickener, water binder, suspending agent, emulsifier for salad dressings, bakery, flavor emulsions, fruit fillings, cream fillings, citrus beverages, barbecue and steak sauces Properties: Water-sol. Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum NF See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Thickener, water binder, suspending agent, emulsifier for salad dressings, bakery, flavor emulsions, fruit fillings, cream fillings, citrus beverages, barbecue and steak sauces Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. to cream-wh. fine powd.; 100% through 80 mesh, ≥ 45% through 200 mesh; visc. 420-520 cps (1%); pH 4.8-5.8 PP-100 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol ester of fatty acids Uses: Alpha-ending emulsifier in toppings, powdered cake improvers, cake mixes, alpha-crystalline stabilizer for sponge cake foaming gel Properties: Waxy block; m.p. 30-36; HLB 3.7 (caluculated); acid value 3 max.; iodine value 3 max.; sapon. value 173-183; hydroxyl value 170-190 PR-100 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Tetraglycerol polyricinoleate Uses: O/w emulsifier; visc. reducer for chocolate Properties: Visc. paste; acid value 3; iodine value 72-103; hydroxyl value 75-100 Praline Reaction Flavor, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor for strawberry, meat, confectionaries, baked goods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Brownish-red liq.; caramelized sugar, sweet flavor; sol. in alcohol, water, PG Use Level: 0.002-0.01% Precept™ 8120™ [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Wetting agent, o/w emulsifier, dough conditioner for bread and pita; release agent; lubricant Features: Low VOCs Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Yel. powd.; low flavor; oil sol.; disp. in water; HLB 8-10; acid no. 15; 1.0% moisture; 97% acetone insolubles Environmental: biodeg. Hazardous Ingredients: None Precept™ 8140™ [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Wetting agent, o/w emulsifier, release agent, lubricant in sugar-coated snacks and precooked waffles Features: Low VOCs; heat resist. 552

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Yel. powd.; low flavor; oil sol.; disp. in water; HLB 8-10; acid no. 15; 1.0% moisture; 97% acetone insolubles Environmental: biodeg. Hazardous Ingredients: None Precept™ 8160™ [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled, enzyme-modified lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Wetting agent, o/w emulsifier, crumb softener, dough conditioner, lubricant in foods Features: Low VOCs Regulatory: GRAS; kosher Properties: Yel. powd.; low flavor; oil sol.; disp. in water; HLB 8-10; acid no. 20; 0.8% moisture; 97% acetone insolubles Environmental: biodeg. Hazardous Ingredients: None Precirol ATO 5 [Gattefosse France http://www.gattefosse.fr] Chem. Descrip.: Tripalmitin and tristearin Uses: Food additive Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §184.1329 GRAS, FCC, Japanese Stds. of Food Addit.; CMF no. 5116 Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; faint odor; m.p. 53-57 C; HLB 2.0; acid no. < 6; iodine no. < 3; sapon. no. 175-195; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: LD0 (oral, rat) > 6 g/kg Prefera® CSL [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium stearoyl lactylate CAS 5793-94-2; EINECS/ELINCS 227-335-7 Uses: Dough conditioner for breads, rolls Properties: Powd.; anionic; 100% conc. Prefera® SSL [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium stearoyl lactyl-2lactate See Sodium stearoyl lactylate CAS 25383-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 246-929-7 Uses: Emulsifier, fermentation tolerance improver, volume improver, texturizer, antistaling agent for foods, yeast-raised baked goods Regulatory: EU E 481; FDA 21CFR §172.846 Properties: Cream-colored microbeads, char. odor and taste; 10% on 0.2 mm sieve, 65% on 0.5 mm sieve; bulk dens. 550-650 g/l; m.p. 4250 C; acid no. 60-80; sapon. no. 210-240; pH 5-6 (1:10 in methanol/water 1:1); 30-34% lactic acid content Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: 1 yr. shelf life stored under cool, dry conditions below 20 C Pregel 10 [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Instant wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener, texturizer, fat absorption control agent, visc. control agent in foods Features: Thickens without cooking; provides a creamy texture and structure to foods Pregel 40 [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Instant wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Water binder, moisture retention aid, shelf life extender in baked goods; flow aid for retorted prods. Features: High visc.; hydrates rapidly Pregel 46 [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Instant wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Moisture retention aid in baking; visc. control agent in soups, sauces, gravies Features: Hydrates rapidly; superior acid, heat and shear stability Pre-Gel Amaranth Powder [Nu-World Amaranth http://www.nuworldamaranth.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Natural amaranth powd. CAS 915-67-3; EINECS/ELINCS 213-022-2 Uses: Absorbent, diluent, disintegrant, nutrient, compression agent for foods Features: Meets specs for food ingred. Properties: Off-wh. free-flowing powd.; 4.5-6.0% moisture Prejel™ 200 [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Chem. Descrip.: modified potato starch See Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for cold-prepared fruit fillings and jams Features: Exc. clarity; rapid visc. development; smooth, shiny appearance; baking stable; lowpH stable; resistant to freeze/thaw processing Prejel™ VA 70 S AGGL [Avebe http://www.avebe.com] Uses: Thickener for cold or hot prepared fruit fillings, instant desserts, frostings 553

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Use when lumping must be avoided Premi®Coat [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natamycin-based Uses: Surface preservative, shelf life enhancer for fully matured dry-cured sausages Features: Nonedible; minimizes moisture loss; protects against growth of mold, yeast, and surf. bacteria Premi®Nat [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natamycin-based Uses: Antimycotic for dry fermented meats and sausages Premium Granular Gum Arabic [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Food additive; emulsifier in soft drinks; film-former in confections; emulsion stabilizer in flavors Features: Low bacteria count; low visc. Properties: Lt. amber coarse gran., odorless, tasteless; 90% min. through 6 mesh, 20% max. through 60 mesh; visc. 200 cps max. (20%); pH 4.0-4.8 (20%); 15% max. moisture Premium Powdered Gum Arabic [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Food additive; emulsifier in soft drinks; film-former in confections; emulsion stabilizer in flavors Features: Low bacteria count; low visc. Properties: Off-wh. to buff free-flowing powd., odorless, tasteless; 98% min. through 140 mesh; pH 4-4.8 (20%); 15% max. moisture Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 1 [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Karaya gum See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum CAS 9000-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-539-4 Uses: Water binder for meats Features: Low insol. matter; lt. color Properties: Buff to lt. tan free-flowing powd., faint acetic acid-like odor; 99% min. through 80 mesh; visc. 300 cps min. (1%), 7000 cps min. (2%); pH 4.3-5.0 (1%); 19% max. moisture

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 1 Special [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Karaya gum See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum CAS 9000-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-539-4 Uses: Water binder for meats Features: Low insol. matter; lt. color Properties: Off-wh. to buff free-flowing powd., faint acetic acid-like odor; 99% min. through 80 mesh; visc. 400 cps min. (1%), 8000 cps min. (2%); pH 4.3-5.0 (1%); 20% max. moisture Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 2 [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Karaya gum See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum CAS 9000-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-539-4 Uses: Water binder for meats Features: Low insol. matter; lt. color Properties: Buff to lt. brn. free-flowing powd., faint acetic acid-like odor; 99% min. through 80 mesh; visc. 300 cps min. (1%), 6000 cps min. (2%); pH 4.3-5.0 (1%); 19% max. moisture Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 2 HV [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Karaya gum See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum CAS 9000-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-539-4 Uses: Water binder for meats Features: Low insol. matter; lt. color Properties: Tan to lt. brn. free-flowing powd., faint acetic acid-like odor; 99% min. through 80 mesh; visc. 500 cps min. (1%), 8000 cps min. (2%); pH 4.3-5.0 (1%); 19% max. moisture Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 3 [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Karaya gum See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum CAS 9000-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-539-4 Uses: Water binder for meats Features: Low insol. matter; lt. color Properties: Tan to brn. free-flowing powd., faint acetic acid-like odor; 99% min. through 80 mesh; visc. 200 cps min. (1%), 5000 cps min. (2%); pH 4.3-5.0 (1%); 19% max. moisture Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic [Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsifier for soft drinks; film-former in confections; emulsion stabilizer in flavors Features: Low bacteria count; low visc. Properties: Wh. to cream free-flowing powd., 554

Part I: Trade Name Reference odorless, tasteless; 99% min. through 60 mesh, 80% min. through 140 mesh; visc. 150 cps max. (20%); pH 4.0-4.8 (20%); 12% max. moisture Prenol [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: 3-Methyl-2-butene-1-ol See 3Methyl-2-buten-1-ol CAS 556-82-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-141-4 Uses: Fragrance and flavoring (fresh, herbal, green, fruity, sl. lavender-like) Features: Alkali-stable Regulatory: Ksher Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in water (170 g/l) and many organic solvents; sp. gr. 0.8450.865; b.p. 141 C (1013 hPa); flash pt. 51.5 C; ref. index 1.442-1.444 Use Level: Trace levels Toxicology: TSCA listed Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in original sealed containers @15-25 C Preventol® O Extra Flakes [Bayer AG http://www.bayer-ag.de; http://www.bayer.com] Chem. Descrip.: 2-Phenylphenol (99.5% min.) See o-Phenylphenol CAS 90-43-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-993-5 Uses: Preservative, bactericide, yeast inhibitor, fungicide for whole citrus fruit Preventol® ON Extra Flakes [Bayer AG http://www.bayer-ag.de; http://www.bayer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium 2-phenylphenolate (95% min.) See Sodium o-phenylphenate CAS 132-27-4; EINECS/ELINCS 205-055-6 Uses: Preservative, bactericide, yeast inhibitor, fungicide for whole citrus fruit Features: Broad spectrum activity against bacteria, yeasts, mold fungi Pricerine™ 9081 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerine See Glycerin CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Solvent, humectant, bodying agent in foods Properties: APHA 10 color; odorless; sp.gr. 1.228; 86.5% min. act. Pricerine™ 9083 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerine See Glycerin CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Solvent, humectant, bodying agent for Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods Properties: APHA 10 color; odorless; sp.gr. 1.262; 99.5% min. act. Pricerine™ 9091 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable grade glycerin CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Solvent, humectant, bodying agent Regulatory: SARA §311/312 Immediate Hazard, §313 nonreportable; TDG, DOT not regulated; Canada, Australia, EU, USA, Japan, China, Korea, Philippines compliant Properties: APHA 10 color; liq. odorless; misc. in ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in in ether and in chloroform; sp.gr. 1.262; b.p. 290 Cflash pt. (OC) 177 C; pH ≈ 7; 99.5% min. act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >25,000 mg/kg; LC50(dermal, rabbit) >18700 mg/kg; OSHA PEL 15 mg/m3 TWA (total dust); not genotoxic Environmental: BOD (5 d) 86%; LC50 (96 h, fish) > 5000 mg/l; low toxicity to aquatic organisms Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and impervious gloves; avoid strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in original closed containers under dry conditions. hygroscopic Pricerine™ 9098 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerine See Glycerin CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Solvent, humectant, bodying agent for foods Properties: APHA 15 color; sp.gr. 1.263; 99.7% min. act. Pricerine™ 9099 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Solvent, humectant, bodying agent Regulatory: TDG, DOT not regulated; Canada, Australia, EU, USA, Japan, China, Korea, Philippines compliant Properties: APHA 10 color; liq. odorless; miscible in water and ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ether and chloroform; sp.gr. 1.263; b.p. 290 C; flash pt. (OC) 177 C; pH ≈ 7; 99.7% min. act. Toxicology: OSHA PEL 15 mg/m3 TWA (total dust); LD50 (oral, rat) >25, 000 mg/kg; 555

Part I: Trade Name Reference nonirritant to eyes, by ing., and inh. Environmental: BOD (5 d) 86%; LC50 (96 h, fish) > 5000 mg/l; low toxicity to aquatic organisms Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and PVC gloves; avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Acrolein HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in the original closed containers under dry conditions; hygroscopic Prime Alginate F-400 [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant for foods Features: Offers high rate of reactivity with calcium salts to form firm heat-stable gels Properties: Tan to gray powd., sl. char. aroma; cold-water sol. forming a visc. sol'n.; visc. 400 cps (1%); pH 6-7; 15% max. moisture Storage: Store away from moisture, humidity, and high temps. Prime Alginate F-500 [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant for foods, reformed foods, batter mixes, creme fillings, calciumreactive applics. Properties: Visc. 500-700 cps (1%) Prime Alginate F-600 [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant for foods Features: Offers high rate of reactivity with calcium salts to form firm heat-stable gels Properties: Tan to gray powd., sl. char. aroma; cold-water sol. forming a visc. sol'n.; visc. 600+ cps (1%); pH 6-7; 15% max. moisture Storage: Store away from moisture, humidity, and high temps. Prime Alignate F-25 [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant for foods, structured foods, heat-resist. jellies, bakery mixes, food coatings, frostings; thickener for sauces Features: Offers high rate of reactivity to form firm heat-stable gels Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Tan to gray powd., sl. char. aroma; cold-water sol. forming a visc. sol'n.; visc. 25 cps (1%); pH 6-7; 15% max. moisture Storage: Store away from moisture, humidity, and high temps. Prime Alignate F-40 [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant for foods Features: Offers high rate of reactivity to form firm heat-stable gels Properties: Tan to gray powd., sl. char. aroma; cold-water sol. forming a visc. sol'n.; visc. 40 cps (1%); pH 6-7; 15% max. moisture Storage: Store away from moisture, humidity, and high temps. Prime Alignate F-200 [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant for foods, heat-resist. jellies, bakery mixes Features: Designed for mixing with other dry ingreds. and where rapid sol. is required Properties: -200 mesh; visc. 400-600 cps (1%) Pro V2 [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolysed wheat protein See Hydrolyzed wheat protein CAS 70084-87-6; EINECS/ELINCS 305-225-0 Uses: Protein enrichment in sports recovery bars and drinks, meal replacements, medicinal foods, functional foods, enteral foods used after surgery, radio- or chemotherapy or other catabolic conditions Features: Highly bioavailable glutamine source; low odor and color, making it suitable for blending with other proteins; sol. over pH range 3-8 Properties: Off-wh. powd. readily dispersible in water ProEm™ 100 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono-/diglycerides Chem. Analysis: α monoglycerides [42%] and diglycerides Uses: W/o emulsifier in food Regulatory: 21CFR 184.1505 (GRAS), kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. semisolid; m.p. 80-85 F ProEm™ 300 [Avatar 556

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono-/diglycerides Chem. Analysis: α monoglycerides [46%] and diglycerides Uses: W/o and o/w emulsifier in food Regulatory: 21CFR 184.1505 (GRAS), kosher Properties: Cl. yel. liq,; m.p. 70 F ProEm™ 74 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono-/diglycerides Chem. Analysis: α monoglycerides [42%] and diglycerides Uses: W/o and o/w emulsifier in food Regulatory: 21CFR 184.1505 (GRAS), kosher Properties: Ivory-white flaked solid; m.p. 135145 F ProEm™ 75 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono-/diglycerides Chem. Analysis: α monoglycerides [52%] and diglycerides Uses: W/o and o/w emulsifier in food Regulatory: 21CFR 184.1505 (GRAS), kosher Properties: Ivory-white flaked solid; m.p. 140145 F Probenz® PG [Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium benzoate FCC CAS 582-25-2; EINECS/ELINCS 209-481-3 Uses: Preservative in foods, beverages Regulatory: GRAS, DOT nonregulated Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; easily sol. in cold water; very sl. sol. in methanol; m.w. 160.22; sp.gr. 1.5; b.p. > 300 C; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 4800 mg/kg; may cause eye, skin, respiratory tract irritation Precaution: May be slippery when wet; may be combustible at high temps.; may form explosive dust-air mixts.; incompat. with ferric salts, acids, oxidizers; use splash goggles, lab coat, gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Compds. of C, H, N, and O, pungent fumes; combustion prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store in ventilated area away from ignition sources Probenz® SG [Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium benzoate FCC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 532-32-1; EINECS/ELINCS 208-534-8 Uses: Preservative for carbonated beverages, preserved fruit and its juices, syrups, jams, fillings, prepared salads and condiments; flavoring agent Regulatory: DOT nonregulated Properties: Wh. cryst./gran.; odorless; easily sol. in cold water, hot water; partly sol. in methanol; m.w. 144.11; sp.gr. 1.44; vapor pressure 0 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. 300 C; pH 8 (1% aq.); 99100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4010 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 1600 mg/kg, (oral, rabbit) 2000 mg/kg, (oral, dog) 2000 mg/kg; may be harmful by ing. (sm. amts. mixed with food not harmful to humans; lg. amts. may cause stomach pain, nausea, vomiting); may cause skin irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: medaka, oryzias latipes were given up to 80,000 ppm in their diet; 13/50 fish died after 24 weeks Precaution: Combustible; very sl. to sl. flamm. in presence of open flames, sparks, heat; highly reactive with oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store in ventilated area away from ignition sources Procol CLA [Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Conjugated Linoleic acid and Hydrolyzed protein CAS 60-33-3; 73049-73-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200470-9 Uses: Protein enrichment in protein bars and drinks, dietary supplement, and slimming prods., sports nutrition, fortified foods Features: Bland taste and aroma; excellent energy source Regulatory: Kosher grade available Properties: Off-wh. powd. ProCon™ [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Release agent for confectionery Features: For slab, belt, and kettle release; stable at high temps. Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Paste ProCon™ 7 NF [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mineral oil NF Uses: Release agent for confectionery Features: Highly stable Regulatory: USDA H-1 and 3H listed; kosher 557

Part I: Trade Name Reference certified Properties: Odorless; tasteless; low visc. ProCon™ 9 NF [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mineral oil NF Uses: Release agent for confectionery Features: Highly stable Regulatory: USDA H-1 and 3H listed; kosher certified Properties: Odorless; tasteless; med. visc. Procon® 20/60 [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein source, water binder in cooked or raw beef patties, ground meat foods, coarse ground sausages, and meatballs Features: Good water binding but limited fat binding and emulsification props. Properties: Uncolored gran.; 97% min. through #14 sieve, 10% max. through #60 sieve; 70% min. protein, 10% max. moisture Storage: Store in cool, dry place below 26.5 C at ≤ 60% r.h. Procon® 20/60-SL [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soya protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein, water binder for foods Features: Good water binding but limited fat binding and emulsification props. Properties: Lt. tan gran., fortified ProCon™ 350 USP [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mineral oil USP Uses: Release agent for confectionery Features: Highly stable Regulatory: USDA H-1 and 3H listed; kosher certified Properties: Odorless; tasteless; high visc. ProCon™ 8515 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Release agent for confectionery, esp. for mfg. of brittles and hard candies Features: Effective on hot or cold fiber or neoprene slabs or belts; stable at high temps.; presence of solids requires agitation during use Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Sprayable fluid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ProCon™ CP [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Release agent for confectionery, esp. for kettle release for hard candies Features: Rec. where clarity is most important; stable at high temps. Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Stiff paste ProCon™ EZE [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Release agent for confectionery Features: Cost-effective; stable at high temps. Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Sprayable fluid ProCon™ S [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Contains hydrophobic silica for bodying See Silica Uses: Release agent for confectionery Features: Stable at high temps.; requires no agitation Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Sprayable fluid ProCon™ SM [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Release agent for confectionery for slab, belt, and kettle release Features: Stable at high temps. Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Opaque yel. semisolid ProCon™ VS [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Veg.-based Uses: Release agent for confectionery Features: Cost-effective; stable at high temps. Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Sprayable fluid; smoke pt. 400 F min. Pro-Fam® 646 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Soy protein used for dry powdered mixes, injected meat products Features: Recommended for use in brine systems that are to be injected into meat and fish products Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; dispersible; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.2-6.6; 90% min. protein 558

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 780 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Soy protein for use in nutritional bars, high-protein rice crisps, infant formulas, nutritional supplements, spray-dried products, creamers, and high-fat powders Features: For applications where very lowviscosity protein is desired; clean-flavored Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.8-7.2; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 781 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Soy protein for use in nutritional supplements, dairy-free products, infant formulas, milk-replacers, spray-dried products, creamers, and high-fat powders Features: For applications where very lowviscosity protein is desired; clean-flavored Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.8-7.2; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 782 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 360 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Soy protein for use in nutritional bars, beverages, and other nutraceutical and functional food applics. Features: For applications where highly dispersible, highly soluble protein is desired; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bland flavor Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.8-7.2; 80% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 825 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Soy protein designed for low-viscosity beverages, nutritional bars, and extruded cereal pieces Features: For applications where highly dispersible, highly soluble protein is desired; bland flavor; low viscosity Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.6-7.3; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 873 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g; 2 mg/g min. isoflavones CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Soy protein designed for nutritional bars, extruded cereal pieces, beverages/supplements, sauces, gravies, soups, and dairy blends Features: For applications where highly dispersible, highly soluble protein is desired Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.7-7.3; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 875 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 559

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Soy protein that stabilizes sauces and soups Features: Highly soluble Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.7-7.3; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 880 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Soy protein for extruded cereal pieces and beverages Features: Highly soluble, dispersible, med. viscosity Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.7-7.3; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 891 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Soy protein designed for extruded cereal pieces, beverages/supplements, sauces, gravies, soups, and dairy blends Features: Highly soluble, dispersible Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.7-7.3; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 892 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g; isoflavones 2 mg/g min. CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Soy protein designed for nutritional beverages Features: Highly soluble, dispersible, mediumviscosity, unique flavor Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.7-7.3; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 922 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein and calcium phosphate See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 360 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; 7758-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8; 231-837-1 Uses: Soy protein, emulsifier, and emulsion stabilizer designed for nutritional beverages Features: Highly soluble, readily dispersible, moderate viscosity when dispersions are heated, low odor and flavor profile, calcium fortified Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.8-7.3; 80% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 930 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein and soy lecithin (<2%) See Lecithin; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8; 232-307-2 Uses: Soy protein designed for high-protein nutritional foods Features: High-density, very bland flavor Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.2-6.6; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 931 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein and soy lecithin See Lecithin; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein 560

Part I: Trade Name Reference Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8; 232-307-2 Uses: Soy protein designed for high-protein nutritional foods Features: High-density, very bland flavor Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 5.8-6.4; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 932 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein and soy lecithin (<2%) See Lecithin; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g; isoflavones 2 mg/g min. CAS 68153-28-6; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8; 232-307-2 Uses: Soy protein designed for powdered nutritional beverages and bars Features: Readily dispersible, clean flavor Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.2-6.6; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 955 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein for high protein tablets, nutrition bars, fermented meat, extruded snack items, pasta, baked prods., fresh cheese prods. Features: High density, high dispersibilty Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Spray-dried, bland; low sol.; pH 5.35.7; 90% min. protein Pro-Fam® 974 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Soy protein designed for food systems where high functional protein is required Features: Soluble, dispersible Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 7.0-7.4; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 976 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein; niacin; ferrous sulfate; thiamine mononitrate; riboflavin; folic acid See Ferrous sulfate anhydrous; Nicotinic acid; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Thiamine nitrate Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; 59-67-6; 7720-78-7; 532-43-4; 83-88-5; 59-30-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8; 200-441-0; 231-753-5; 208-537-4; 201-507-1; 200-419-0 Uses: Soy protein designed specifically for use in pasta Features: Light appearance, bland flavor profile, dispersible Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 6.2-6.6; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro-Fam® 977 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated Soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture; 380 calories/100 g CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Soy protein designed for low-energy processing systems that require a highly functional protein Features: Soluble, dispersible, salt tolerant Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 90% on #100 U.S. standard screen; pH (10% disp. in water) 7.0-7.4; 90% min. protein Storage: Shelf life 1 yr.; store below 75 F and 60% relative humidity Pro Fam® H200 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzedsoy protein See 561

Part I: Trade Name Reference Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Chem. Analysis: 7% max. moisture CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein for whole muscle meat products labeled as hydrolyzed soy protein Features: Highly soluble, highly functional, dispersible Properties: Spray-dried, bland; easily disp.; pH 6.8-7.3; 82% min. protein Proflex [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Active enzyme deriv. of Aspergillus oryzae (high proportion of protease, lower amt. of α-amylase) with cereal filler, and other edible excipients See Amylase Uses: Enzyme dough conditioner improving pliability, pan flow, softness, grain, and texture Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Sl. off-wh. to beige tablet, char. odor Storage: 6 mos. shelf life under cool, dry conditions Progallin® P [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propyl gallate CAS 121-79-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-498-2 Uses: Antioxidant for fats and oils in foods Features: Synergistic with other antioxidants Properties: Wh. to creamy wh. fine powd.; odorless; sol. (g/100 g): 50 g in ethanol, 40 g in propylene glycol, 6 g in lanolin, 0.35 g in water; m.w. 212.21; m.p. 148-151 C; > 98% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3.7 g/kg (pract. nonharmful); local sensitization or irritation on skin contact or inhalation ProKote™ 135 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Release agent for baking, stainless steel band ingred. processing of granola bars and cookies ProKote™ 500 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pan grease Uses: Release agent for baked goods Features: Flourless ProKote™ 552 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bread pan oil Uses: Release agent for baked goods, buns, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

breads, rolls Features: Food-grade, high effective; low cost; dilutable on site Regulatory: SARA §302/313 nonreportable; CERCLA nonreportable Properties: Wh. milky fluid; sl. odor; water-sol.; sp. gr. 0.980-1.020; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg Toxicology: Not irritating to eyes or skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid strong acids and bases, excessive heat and open flames NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: No special requirments ProKote™ 650 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable oil-based proprietary blend Uses: Release agent for for bun, bread and roll production Features: Lecithin-free Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302 nonreportable Properties: Opaque wh. to off-wh. semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sp. gr. 0/815-0.880 @ 140 F; vapor pressure < 0.0005 mmHg; m.p. 98-105 F; flash pt. 375 F Toxicology: No significant health hazard identified Precaution: Avoid excessive heat, open flames, strong oxidizers and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Incomplete burning can produce COx and other toxic gases NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat sources, oxidizing agents, and combustible materials ProKote™ 915 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bread pan oil that is ProKote™ diluted to 10% solids Uses: Release agent for baked goods, buns, breads, rolls Features: Virtually eliminates polymerization Regulatory: Kosher ProKote™ B [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Release agent for baking, band oven operations, thin-film release in cookie, cracker, bagel, and pizza shells Features: High lecithin content 562

Part I: Trade Name Reference ProKote™ C [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated soybean oil, lecithin, coconut oil, mineral oil, TBHQ complex, and dimethylpolysiloxane See t-Butyl hydroquinone; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Dimethylsiloxane CAS 8016-70-4; 8002-43-5; 8001-31-8; 8042-475; 1948-33-0; 63148-62-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-410-2; 232-307-2; 232-282-8; 232-455-8; 217-752-2 Uses: Release agent for baked goods Features: High smoke pt. (325 F min.); high stability Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Transparent dk. amber liq.; negligible sol in water; sol. in hydrocarbonsvapor pressure < 1.0 mmHg; vapor dens. >1 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid excessive heat, open flames, Cl, F, and other strong oxidizers and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Incomplete burning can produce COx and other toxic gases NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store away from strong oxidizing agents or combustible material ProKote™ ODO [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Dough divider Regulatory: Organic certified Properties: Translucent lt., amber liq. ProKote™ S [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Release agent for baking, high-speed egg baking and frying Features: High performance under baking conditions above 500 F ProKote™ S35 [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone-based Uses: Release agent for use with waffle irons Features: High performance Properties: Water-sol. ProKote™ V [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Conventional soybean oilbased release agent See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 8001-22-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-274-4 Uses: Release agent for bun, bread and roll production Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher ProKote™ VO [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Release agent for baked goods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Certified organic Properties: Translucent lt, amber liq. ProKote™ VS [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated soybean oil, lecithin, dimethylpolysiloxane, and TBHQ complex See t-Butyl hydroquinone; Dimethylsiloxane CAS 8016-70-4; 8002-43-5; 63148-62-9; 194833-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-410-2; 232-307-2; 217-752-2 Uses: Release agent for baked goods Features: Blended with winterized veg. oil to reduce polymerization and increase AOM stability Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302/313 nonreportable Properties: Cl., lt. yel. liq.; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sp. gr. ≈ 0.921; vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid excessive heat, open flames, Cl, F, other strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Smoke, CO, and other prods. of incomplete combustion NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Promax® 70 [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Functional soya protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein source, emulsifier, water binder, fat binder for foods Properties: Lt. cream-colored fine powd. Promax® 70L [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Functional soya protein conc. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein source, emulsifier, water binder, fat binder for foods Properties: Lt. cream-colored fine powd. Promodan SP [Danisco USA 563

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol stearate CAS 1323-39-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-354-3 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: M.p. 38-45 C; 90% min. monoester Promodan USV [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol ester Uses: Emulsifier for foods; aerating agent and foam stabilizer for whipped toppings; aerating agent for fine bakery goods and cake shortenings (in combination with Dimodans) Regulatory: EU, FDA §172.856 Properties: Sm. beads; drop pt. 41 C; 90% min. monoester Promodan USV Kosher [Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol ester made from fully hydrogenated vegetable oil with antioxidant (200 ppm max. citric acid in propylene glycol) Uses: Emulsifier for cake mixes, cake shortenings, whipped toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.856; kosher Properties: Ivory beads; drop pt. 41 C; iodine no. 5 max.; 90% min. propylene glycol monoester Use Level: 3-6% based on fat (cake mixes), 36% (shoretning), 0.5-1% (prewhipped frozen toppings), 5-10% (powd. toppings), 0.5-1% (imitation whipped cream) Storage: Store in cool, dry area; storage above 20 C may cause caking ProOxine® [Bio-Cide Int'l. http://www.biocide.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chlorite (8.33% min.), chlorine dioxide (trace), water UN 1908 Uses: Bacteriostat, deodorizer for direct food contact applics., food processing Features: Stable Regulatory: EPA reg. no. 9804-9; FDA, USDA approvals; kosher certified; DOT nonhazardous; SARA §312/313 nonreportable; chlorine dioxide produced from activation reportable under SARA §313 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; very faint chlorinelike odor; sol. 100% in water; sp.gr. 1.06-1.10 g/ml (20 C); vapor pressure 23.7 mm Hg; f.p. 3.78 C; b.p. 105 C; pH 8.7; 97% volatiles; 2.08% avail. ClO2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 500-5050 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5050 mg/kg; may cause eye and skin irritation; ing. may cause gastric discomfort, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, methemoglobinemia (in lg. quantities); may be irritating to nose and throat; TSCA listed Precaution: Strong oxidizer; do not allow chlorine dioxide gas to accumulate in confined spaces; do not allow prod. to evaporate to dryness; incompat. with acids, chlorine compds., hypochlorites, sulfur/sulfite compds., phosphorus, org. solvs. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Exposure to acids or chlorine compds. can produce uncontrolled generation of chlorine dioxide gas NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompat. materials, combustible/flamm. materials, direct sunlight; keep containers tightly closed when not in use; prevent spillages ProPhos™ [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Uses: Lubricant, release agent for baking Features: Premium pan release; stability superior to lecithin Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.3(o)(18) GRAS Proplus® Brand Isolated Soy Protein Prod. [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated soy protein with vitamins, minerals See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Uses: Nutrient, protein source for meat prods. Features: No cholesterol; virtually no fats or carbohydrates Propylene Glycol USP, FCC [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: 1,2-Propanediol See Propylene glycol CAS 57-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-338-0 Uses: Solvent, humectant, preservative for foods, pet foods, snacks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1666; USDA approved; Kosher Properties: Colorless cl. visc. liq.; practically odorless; sl. char. taste; completely sol. in water, acetone, ethyl ether, and methanol; m.w. 76.10; sp.gr. 1.0381; dens. 8.64 lb/gal; visc. 60.5 cP (20 C); vapor pressure < 0.1 mm 564

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hg (20 C); f.p. -60 C; b.p. 187 C; flash pt. (TCC) 101 C; ref. index 1.4326 (20 C); 99.5% purity Toxicology: Low toxicity Storage: Hygroscopic; overheating for prolonged periods may result in degradation of odor and taste Propylene Glycol Alginate HV [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Food grade emulsifier and stabilizer for thick, creamy, textured salad dressings, w/o emulsions Properties: Water-sol. Propylene Glycol Alginate LV FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate FCC standardized with dextrose See Glucose; Propylene glycol alginate Uses: Emulsifier and stabilizer for salad dressings, meat and flavor sauces, milk shakes, fountain syrups, and fruit juices Properties: Wh. to ylsh. powd., flavorless; ≥ 95% through 80 mesh; visc. 1000-1500 cps (2%); pH 3.6-4.3 Use Level: 0.4-1.0% Propymuls® Range [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol esters Uses: Emulsifier for foods, desserts, cake fillings, margarine, shortening Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.856; E477 compliance Prostate Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Protachem™ OMC [Protameen http://www.protameen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Octyl methoxycinnamate CAS 5466-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 226-775-7 Uses: UV absorber in foods Features: {UV absorber} in foods Protachem™ SLP 95 [Protameen http://www.protameen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium lauryl sulfate CAS 151-21-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-788-1 Uses: Surfactant in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Only made for large special orders Protacide™ DMDM [Protameen http://www.protameen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: DMDM hydantoin CAS 6440-58-0; EINECS/ELINCS 229-222-8 Uses: Shelf-life extender for food Protacide™ NA2 P [Protameen http://www.protameen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Disodium EDTA CAS 139-33-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-358-3 Uses: Shelf-life extender in food Protacide™ NA3 EDTA [Protameen http://www.protameen.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Trisodium EDTA CAS 150-38-9; EINECS/ELINCS 205-758-8 Uses: Shelf-life extender for food Protanal Ester CF [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier, mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer for lactobacillus drinks Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; sol. in water Toxicology: TLV 10 mg/m3 total dust; LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg (essentially nontoxic); may cause eye irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in cool, dry place Protanal Ester SD-H [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer, syneresis preventer for mayonnaise/dressings; flavoring agent Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Australia AICS; China; Japan ENCS (8-236/8-237/8247); Korea (KE-00490); Philippines PICCS Properties: Wh. to tan powd., sl. odor; sol. in water; autoignition temp. > 200 C; pH 3.5-4.7 (2% aq. sol'n.) Toxicology: TLV 10 mg/m3 total dust; LD50 (oral, rat) > 7.2 g/kg (essentially nontoxic); may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: BOD(5) ≈ 300 mg O2/g; COD ≈ 600 mg O2/g Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, high temps. high humidity 565

Part I: Trade Name Reference HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat Protease A Amano 2 [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Protease from Aspergillus oryzae CAS 9073-78-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-642-4 Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of cheese protein for cheese flavor and cheese whey protein for hypoallergenic protein Regulatory: GRAS, FCC; certified as existing food additive in Japan Properties: Lt. ylsh. to lt. brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; ≥ 20,000 units/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; inh. of enzyme dust may induce sensitization and may cause allergic type reactions in sensitized individuals Environmental: biodeg.; not harmful to aquatic and marine organisms when dissolved with copious amounts of water Precaution: Avoid dust formation, splashing and high-pressure washing; wear respirator, latex gloves and protective glasses Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry place with good ventilation Protease A-DS [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Protease from Aspergillus oryzae CAS 9073-78-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-642-4 Uses: Enzyme for dietary supplement use Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; pH range 2.0- 9.0; protease act. ≥ 20,000 u/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization in allergic individuals when inhaled; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine and aquatic organisms when dissolve with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in cool, dry area Protease DS [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Protease from Aspergillus Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

melleus CAS 9074-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-642-4 Uses: Enzyme for dietary supplement use Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; pH range 2.0- 9.0; protease act. ≥ 60,000 u/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization in allergic individuals when inhaled; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine and aquatic organisms when dissolve with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Storage: Store in cool, dry area Protease DS [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Phytase enzyme CAS 37288-11-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-630-9 Uses: Enzyme for dietary supplements Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; pH range 2.0- 9.0; phytase act. ≥ 3,000 u/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization in allergic individuals when inhaled; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine and aquatic organisms when dissolve with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Protease M Amano [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Protease from Aspergillus oryzae CAS 9025-49-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-642-4 Uses: Enzyme for food processing; protein, acid casein, and cheese protein hydrolysis Regulatory: Japanese certified food additive Properties: Lt. ylsh. to lt. brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; stable pH range 3.0-6.0; protease act. ≥ 5500 units/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization in allergic individuals when inhaled; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine and aquatic organisms when dissolve with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective 566

Part I: Trade Name Reference glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Storage: Store in cool, dry area Protease N Amano [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Protease from Bacillus subtilis CAS 76774-43-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of cheese whey protein Properties: Lt. ylsh. to lt. brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; stable pH range 5.0-7.0; protease act. ≥ 150,000 units/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization in allergic individuals when inhaled; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine and aquatic organisms when dissolve with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Storage: Store in cool, dry area

mycelia Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.230, 173.320, 175.105, 176.170, 176.180, 176.300; BP, USP, MITI and BGA approved Properties: Liq.; 50% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 320 mg/kg; strong skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Protector Gelatin [Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Type A porkskin gelatin, 200 bloom CAS 9000-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-554-6 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, gellant, texturizer in food processing, bakery prods. Features: General purpose; low bloom; low visc. Protex 50FP [Genencor Int'l. http://www.genencor.com] Chem. Descrip.: Protease derived from Aspergillus oryzae var., maltodextrin diluent CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of peptide bonds; for baking (improves grain, texture, loaf volume), meat tenderizer formulations; hydrolyzes and modifies plant and animal protein under acid conditions; brewing, fermentation Properties: Lt. tan to wh. powd., free of offensive odor and taste; water-sol. Use Level: 0.01-0.1% Storage: Activity loss ≤ 10% in 1 yr. stored in sealed containers under cool dry conditions; 5 C storage extends life

Protease P Amano 6 [Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Protease from Aspergillus melleus CAS 9074-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-642-4 Uses: Enzyme for flavor improvement of meat extract and fish juice Regulatory: Certified food additive in Japan Properties: Lt. ylsh. to lt. brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water; stable pH range 5.0-9.0; protease act. ≥ 60,000 units/g Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; dust may cause sensitization in allergic individuals when inhaled; nontoxic Environmental: biodegradable; not harmful to marine and aquatic organisms when dissolve with copious amounts of water Precaution: Wear respirator, protective glasses, and impervious gloves; avoid dust formation Storage: Store in cool, dry area

Protol® [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant, carrier for food processing Features: Hydrophobic; chemically inert; exc. UV and color stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, §178.3620(a) Properties: Water-wh., odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.859-0.875; visc. 35-37 cSt (40 C); pour pt. 12 C; flash pt. 188 C

Protectol® GDA [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Glutaraldehyde See Glutaral CAS 111-30-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-856-5 Uses: Antimicrobial in cane and beet sugar mills; disinfectant in sugar refining; microcapsules for flavoring substances Features: Prevents growth of bacteria, slimeforming microorganisms, algae, and fungal

Protopet® Alba [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Carrier, lubricant, moisture barrier, protective agent, softener for food processing Features: Med. consistency and m.p.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 1.0Y color, odorless; visc. 10-16 cSt (100 C); m.p. 54-60 C Protopet® White 1S [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Carrier, lubricant, moisture barrier, protective agent, softener for food processing, meat packing; confectionery lubricant; release agent Features: Med. consistency and m.p. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 1.5Y color, odorless; visc. 10-16 cSt (100 C); m.p. 54-60 C Protopet® White 2L [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Carrier, lubricant, moisture barrier, protective agent, softener for food processing Features: Med. consistency and m.p. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 8Y0.6R color, odorless; visc. 10-16 cSt (100 C); m.p. 54-60 C Protopet® White 3C [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Carrier, lubricant, moisture barrier, protective agent, softener for food processing Features: Med. consistency and m.p. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 25Y1.0R color, odorless; visc. 10-16 cSt (100 C); m.p. 54-60 C Protopet® Yellow 2A [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Carrier, lubricant, moisture barrier, protective agent, softener for food processing, meat packing; confectionery lubricant; release agent Features: Med. consistency and m.p. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 30Y/2.5R color, odorless; visc. 10-16 cSt (100 C); m.p. 54-60 C

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PROVIgel® CSS 25 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Carob bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Hot-water sol.; visc. 2100-2500 mPa·s (hot visc.) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® CSS 30 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Carob bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Hot-water sol.; visc. 2600-3000 mPa·s (hot visc.) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® CSS 300 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Carob bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Visc. 2800-3000 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® CSS 330 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Carob bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Visc. 3000-3200 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® CSS 35 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Carob bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods 568

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Hot-water sol.; visc. 2700-3100 mPa·s (hot visc.) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight

calorie foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Visc. 700-1100 mPa·s (3% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight

PROVIgel® DPC 6 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Depolymerized carob bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Sol. in hot water; visc. 600-900 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight

PROVIgel® DPG 5 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Depolymerized guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Stabilizer, binder, thickener for foods; stabilizer for diet prods. and reducedcalorie foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Visc. 4000-4500 mPa·s (3% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight

PROVIgel® DPC 15 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Depolymerized carob bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Sol. in hot water; visc. 1200-1500 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight

PROVIgel® DPG 7 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Depolymerized guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Stabilizer, binder, thickener for foods; stabilizer for diet prods. and reducedcalorie foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Visc. 500-700 mPa·s (1% aq., 2 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight

PROVIgel® DPG 1 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Depolymerized guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Stabilizer, binder, thickener for foods; stabilizer for diet prods. and reducedcalorie foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Visc. 800-950 mPa·s (10% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight

PROVIgel® DPG 9 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Depolymerized guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Stabilizer, binder, thickener for foods; stabilizer for diet prods. and reducedcalorie foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Visc. 1900-2400 mPa·s (1% aq., 2 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight

PROVIgel® DPG 3 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Depolymerized guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Stabilizer, binder, thickener for foods; stabilizer for diet prods. and reduced-

PROVIgel® DPG 11 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Depolymerized guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Stabilizer, binder, thickener for foods; stabilizer for diet prods. and reduced-

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Part I: Trade Name Reference calorie foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Visc. 3500-4000 mPa·s (1% aq., 2 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® EXC 25 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Extracted carob bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Sol. in hot water; visc. 2100-2500 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® EXC 30 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Extracted carob bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Sol. in hot water; visc. 3000-3500 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® EXC 35 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Extracted carob bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Sol. in hot water; visc. 2700-3100 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® EXG 01 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Extracted, depolymzerized guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, binder Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 80-150 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h)

http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Extracted, depolymzerized guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, binder, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 400-800 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® EXG 10 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Extracted, depolymzerized guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, binder, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 900-1500 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® EXG 20 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Extracted, depolymzerized guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, binder, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 1900-2300 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® EXG 40 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Extracted guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, binder, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 4500-5000 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight

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Part I: Trade Name Reference PROVIgel® GSS 5 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum with high galactomanan content See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for nutritional prods. Features: Easily combined with other hydrocolloids Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 2500-3000 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® GSS 6 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum with high galactomanan content See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for nutritional prods. Features: Easily combined with other hydrocolloids Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 2700-3900 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® GSS 7 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum with high galactomanan content See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for nutritional prods. Features: Easily combined with other hydrocolloids Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 3000-3500 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® GSS 8 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum with high galactomanan content See Guar Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for nutritional prods. Features: Easily combined with other hydrocolloids Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 5550-6000 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® GSS 9 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum with high galactomanan content See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for nutritional prods. Features: Easily combined with other hydrocolloids Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 3000-3500 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® GSS 10 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum with high galactomanan content See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for nutritional prods. Features: Easily combined with other hydrocolloids Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 5000-5500 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® GSS 11 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum with high galactomanan content See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for nutritional prods. 571

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Easily combined with other hydrocolloids Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 5550-6000 mPa·s Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® NAC 25 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Carob bean gum with high galactomannan content See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Wh. to cream-colored powd.; neutral taste; sol. in hot water; visc. 2000-2400 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® NAC 30 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Carob bean gum with high galactomannan content See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Wh. to cream-colored powd.; neutral taste; sol. in hot water; visc. 2500-3000 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® NAC 35 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Carob bean gum with high galactomannan content See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: E410 compliance Properties: Wh. to cream-colored powd.; neutral taste; sol. in hot water; visc. 3000-3200 mPa·s (1% aq., 1 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PROVIgel® NAG 753 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum with high galactomanan content See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener for foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Visc. 3300-3700 mPa·s (1% aq., 2 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® NAG 755 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum with high galactomanan content See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener for foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Visc. 4800-5200 mPa·s (1% aq., 2 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® NAG 903 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum with high galactomanan content See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener for foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Visc. 3300-3700 mPa·s (1% aq., 2 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® NAG 905 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum with high galactomanan content See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener for foods Regulatory: E412 compliance Properties: Visc. 4800-5200 mPa·s (1% aq., 2 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® NAT 201 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Tara gum CAS 39300-88-4 572

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Thickener for foods Regulatory: E417 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 3500-4500 mPa·s (1% aq., 2 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® NAT 202 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Tara gum CAS 39300-88-4 Uses: Thickener for foods Regulatory: E417 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 2950-3200 mPa·s (1% aq., 2 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® NAT 203 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Tara gum CAS 39300-88-4 Uses: Thickener for foods Regulatory: E417 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 4500-6000 mPa·s (1% aq., 2 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® NAT 204 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Tara gum CAS 39300-88-4 Uses: Thickener for foods Regulatory: E417 compliance Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 400-5500 mPa·s (1% aq., 2 h) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVIgel® TSS [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Chem. Descrip.: Tara gum CAS 39300-88-4 Uses: Thickener and binder for foods Regulatory: E417 compliance Properties: Sol. in hot water; visc. 5000-6800 mPa·s (hot ), 3000-3800 mPa·s (cold), Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight Provim ESP® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vital wheat gluten See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten CAS 8002-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-317-7 Uses: Forms cohesive, elastic dough, increases baking tolerances with increased absorp., mixing time tolerance, and fermentation tolerance for food prods. incl. baked goods, cereals, pet foods, pasta, and cheese analog prods. Features: Easily mixed with other dry ingreds.; easily handled and stored Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1322 GRAS Properties: Lt. tan powd.; 100% through 30 mesh, 5% max. on 60 mesh; insol. in water; 58% moisture, 75% protein, 1% fat Use Level: 2-3% on flour wt. (hard rolls, French and Italian breads); 1-3% on flour (dark breads, rye); 2-3% on flour (raisin bread); 0.51.5% on flour (yeast-raised sweet goods); 12% on flour (pretzels, crackers) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use PROVImel® DN 10 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Thickener, binder for soups, sauces, ready-to-serve meals, salad creams, salad mayonnaises, chutneys, fine-cuisine salads PROVImel® DN 11 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder for soups, sauces, ready-made meals, cold preps. of emulsified, oil-contg. sauces Features: Improves appearance; provides creamy consistency; exc. freeze/thaw stability, acid stability; prevents phase separation Properties: Sol. in cold water Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® DN 12 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder, shelf life extender for soups, sauces, delicatessen Features: Improves appearance; provides creamy consistency; improves freeze/thaw capacity; exc. effect on sterilizing capacity Properties: Sol. in hot water Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight 573

Part I: Trade Name Reference PROVImel® DN 13 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer for salad dressings, dressings and sauces with oil content of 60% Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® DN 14 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer, binder, thickener for soups, sauces, ready-made meals, salad dressings Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® DN 15 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer, binder, thickener for processed foods, sauces, frozen foods, delicatessen, ketchup Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® FM 601 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer for sour milk prods., yogurt Features: Disperses very well and gives the yoghurt a good firmness and structure as well as a fine, creamy consistency Properties: Not-water sol. Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® FM 602 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer for sour milk prods., yogurt Features: Does not at all affect the viscosity of the yogurt milk before pasteurization Properties: Hot-water-sol. Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® FO 1 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier for soft ice cream, milk shakes, and water ice Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® FO 2 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer for water ices with high Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

overrun Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® FO 3 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer for water ices without overrun Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® FO 4 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier for ice cream, milk ice cream, industrially produced Nougat sauces, topping syrup Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® FO 5 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier for milk ice cream and ice cream with vegetable fat Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® FO 6 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier for ice cream with milk fat or vegetable-based fat Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® FO 7 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer for soft ice cream powd. Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in closed original pkg. at R.T. and protected from moisture and direct sunlight PROVImel® NT 611 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for the production of fruit syrups PROVImel® NT 625 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer for industrially produced dessert sauces with a fat content of 8-16% PROVImel® NT 631 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for the production 574

Part I: Trade Name Reference of fruit preps. such as syrups, fruit soups PROVImel® NT 650 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Stabilizer for commercial production of frozen mousses with a fat content of 3-10% PROVImel® NT 659 [Provisco http://www.provisco.ch] Uses: Gelling agent, stabilizer for instant powdered formulations for cream type puddings produced with cold milk Provon® 190 HS [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: nonfat whey protein isolate Chem. Analysis: 92% protein; 4.0% moisture; < 0.5% fat CAS 84082-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7 Uses: Nutritional supplement, emulsifier in cl. protein fortified beverages and dietetic prods. Features: Sol. over a wide pH range Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: Bland taste; pH 6.4 (10% sol'n.) Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Provon® 290 [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: instantized whey protein isolate, lecithin Chem. Analysis: 90% protein; 4.5% moisture; < 1.3% fat CAS 84082-51-9; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7; 232-307-2 Uses: Nutritional supplement and emulsifier in sports and fortified beverages, dietetic prods., and nutritional dry mixes Features: Sol. over a wide pH range Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: Neutral taste; water-disp.; pH 7.0 (10% sol'n.) Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Provon® A-190 [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: whey protein isolate, phosphoric acid, and citric acid Chem. Analysis: 80% protein; 3.0% moisture; < 1.0% fat CAS 84082-51-9; 7664-38-2; 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7; 231-633-2; 201Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

069-1 Uses: Nutritional supplement in sports and fortified beverages, smoothies, dietetic prods., protein waters, protein fortified teas and juices, nutritional dry mixes Features: Better flavor expression @ low pH; clean flavor; low foaming. sl. turbid and cloudy Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: Bland taste; pH 3.2-3.5 (10% sol'n.) Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Proxan® SG 22 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: xanthan gum, guar gum, dextrose See Glucose; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 11138-66-2; 9000-30-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2; 232-536-8; 200075-1 Uses: Gellant for foods Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Japan ENCS (8535/8-90/8-543/8-46); Korea (KE-35422/KE18143/KE-17727); Philippines PICCS Properties: Ylsh. to wh. powd.; almost odorless; sol. 12% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 5.5-8.0 (1%sol'n.) Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable PNOC), 3 mg/m3 (respirable PNOC); TSCA listed Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of sulfur NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Proxan® SG 23 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: xanthan gum, guar gum, dextrose See Glucose; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 11138-66-2; 9000-30-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2; 232-536-8; 200075-1 Uses: Gellant for foods Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Japan ENCS (8535/8-90/8-543/8-46); Korea (KE-35422/KE18143/KE-17727); Philippines PICCS Properties: Ylsh. to wh. powd.; almost odorless; sol. 12% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0-8.0 (1%sol'n.) 575

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable PNOC), 3 mg/m3 (respirable PNOC); TSCA listed Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of sulfur NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Proxan® SG 25 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: xanthan gum, guar gum, dextrose See Glyceryl stearate SE; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 11138-66-2; 9000-30-0; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2; 232-536-8; 200075-1 Uses: Gellant for foods Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Japan ENCS (8535/8-90/8-543/8-46); Korea (KE-35422/KE18143/KE-17727); Philippines PICCS Properties: Ylsh. to wh. powd.; almost odorless; sol. 12% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 5.5-7.0 (1%sol'n.) Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable PNOC), 3 mg/m3 (respirable PNOC) Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of sulfur NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container PS-100 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol ester of fatty acids Uses: Alpha-ending emulsifier in toppings, powdered cake improvers, cake mixes, alpha-crystalline stabilizer for sponge cake foaming gel Properties: Beads; m.p. 42-48; HLB 3.9 (caluculated); acid value 3 max.; iodine value 3 max.; sapon. value 157-167; hydroxyl value 175-195

Chem. Analysis: Iron 15 mg/100 g; calcium 250 mg/ 100 g; moisture 3.5-4.5% Uses: Nutrient, protein source, dietary fiber, flavoring agent, texturizer, vitamin source for variety breads, cookies, cereals, stuffing, snacks, breading, other baked, stove-top, frozen, microwavable, fried, and extruded foods Features: Nongluten natural additive; provides 'soft crunch' texture, mild nutty toasted sweet flavor Properties: Sl. toasted nutty flavor; 4 ± 0.5% moisture Pumpkin Flakes Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: flesh of Cucurvita Moschata pumpkin Chem. Analysis: 4% moisture; 9% protein; 1-2% fat ; ≈ 1-2% ash; 75% carbohydrates Uses: Pumpkin flavor for vegetable preparations, cakes, muffins, pies, bread, baby food and soft food diets Features: Flakes reconstituted 1:9 with water is same traditional uses as cooked pumpkin; no additives or carriers are used Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified, GMO compliant Properties: Tan ylsh. flakes; mashed cooked pumpkin odor;/flavor/color; 15-30% retained thru US 20 mesh Use Level: Flakes reconstituted 1:9 with water Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed, original containers

Puffed Amaranth [Nu-World Amaranth http://www.nuworldamaranth.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Whole grain Amaranthus cruentus

Pumpkin Powder Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: flesh of Cucurvita Moschata pumpkin Chem. Analysis: 4% moisture; 9% protein; 1-2% fat ; ≈ 1-2% ash; 75% carbohydrates Uses: Pumpkin flavor for dry soups and other vegetable preparations, cake mixes, muffins, pies, bread, baby food and soft food diets Features: Produced by ripening, blanching, extracting, pulping, sieving and sterilizing the pulp. then drying it without any carriers or additivies, and milling it Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified, GMO compliant Properties: Tan ylsh. powd.; mashed cooked pumpkin odor;/flavor/color; 5% retained thru US 60 mesh Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed,

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P/T 25 [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Pizza and tortilla conditioner resulting in shorter mixing times with increased extensibility; minimizes cracking of tortillas.

Part I: Trade Name Reference original containers Pumpkin Essence - 1000 Fold Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: flesh of the wilted fresh pumpkin of the species Cucurvita Moschata Uses: Pumpkin flavor in a water-based aroma system esp. in refrigerated and frozen prods.; used in combination with pumpkin puree and other ingredis. to enhance the pumpkin aroma of prods. Features: Produced by condensation of volatile components of freshly processed pumpkin products Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified, GMO compliant Properties: Cl. colorless liq.; intense pumpkin odor; sol. in water, ethanol, propylene glycol; insol. in veg. oils; sp. gr. ≈ 1.0 Use Level: 1% by weight and adjust up or down as desired Storage: 12 mos. when stored @ < 7 C in sealed containers without exposure to air or light Purac® BF S/30 [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: L-Lactic acid buffered with Lsodium lactate, potassium lactate See Lactic acid; Sodium lactate Uses: Food additive Regulatory: USA GRAS, FCC, JSFA, EUSFA compliance; E270 and E325 compliance Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; char. odor; completely sol. in water; dens. 1.24-1.26 g/ml (20 C); b.p. 105-115 C; decomp. pt. > 200 C; pH 2.8-3.2 (10% aq.); 78-82% assay Toxicology: May cause eye irritation Environmental: probably readily biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep tightly closed in dry place; avoid prolonged storage times; avoid temps. above 200 C Purac® CL 21 HiPure [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: L(+)-Lactic acid; citric acid See Lactic acid Chem. Analysis: Heavy metals 10 ppm max.; iron 10 ppm max.; chlroide 20 ppm max.; sulphate 10 ppm max. CAS 79-33-4; 77-92-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201196-2; 201-069-1 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: pH regulator, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: USA FDA GRAS; E270, E330 compliance Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; Apha color 30 max.; char. odor; completely sol. in water; dens. 1292 kg/m3; visc. 60 cP; b.p. 114 C; pH 2.0-3.0 (10% sol'n.) Toxicology: Risk of serious damage to eyes; skin irritant Environmental: no bioaccumulation Precaution: Wear rubber gloves, face shield or tightly fitting safety goggles, lightweight protective clothing; incompat. with oxidizing agents; avoid temps. > 200 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed Purac® CL 21/80 [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: L-Lactic acid; citric acid See Lactic acid Uses: pH adjuster, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: USA FDA GRAS; E270, E330 compliance; SARA III nonreportable Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; strong vinegar-like odor; completely sol. in water; dens. 1.28-1.30 g/ml; decomp. pt. > 200 C; pH 2.0-2.2 (10% aq.) Toxicology: Skin and severe eye irritant; risk of serious eye damage; inh. may cause irritation, breathing difficulties, headache, dizziness; ing. may cause burns, vomiting, GI upset; TSCA listed Environmental: bioaccumulation unlikely; do not allow contamination of ground water Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents, metals, acids, bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx; thermal decomp. can produce irritating gases and vapors HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container tightly closed; keep in cool, dry place; avoid temps. above 200 C Purac® FCC 50 [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: L-Lactic acid See Lactic acid CAS 79-33-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-296-2 Uses: Acidulant, preservative, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: USA FDA GRAS, FCC, JSFA, EUSFA, E 270 compliance Properties: Colorless, yel. or lt. brn. liq.; char. agreeable odor; mild acid taste; completely sol. 577

Part I: Trade Name Reference in water; dens. 1.12-1.14 g/ml (20 C); visc. 560 mPa·s (50-90%); b.p. 110 C (40%); decomp. pt. > 200 C; pH < 2; surf. tens. 44-50 mN/m (50-90%); 49.5-50.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; irritating to eyes and skin; risk of serious eye damage; inh. may cause respiratory system irritation Environmental: readily biodeg.; BOD5 0.45 mg O2/mg; COD 0.90 mg O2/mg; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 240 mg/l; LC50 (fish, 48 h) 320 mg/l Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed; avoid temps. above 200 C

in water; dens. 1.20-1.22 g/ml (20 C); visc. 560 mPa·s (50-90%); b.p. 110 C (40%); decomp. pt. > 200 C; pH < 2; surf. tens. 44-50 mN/m (50-90%); 87.5-88.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; irritating to eyes and skin; risk of serious eye damage; inh. may cause respiratory system irritation Environmental: readily biodeg.; BOD5 0.45 mg O2/mg; COD 0.90 mg O2/mg; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 240 mg/l; LC50 (fish, 48 h) 320 mg/l Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed; avoid temps. above 200 C

Purac® FCC 80 [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: L-Lactic acid See Lactic acid CAS 79-33-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-296-2 Uses: Acidulant, preservative, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: USA FDA GRAS, FCC, JSFA, EUSFA, E 270 compliance Properties: Colorless, yel. or lt. brn. liq.; char. agreeable odor; mild acid taste; completely sol. in water; dens. 1.18-1.20 g/ml (20 C); visc. 560 mPa·s (50-90%); b.p. 110 C (40%); decomp. pt. > 200 C; pH < 2; surf. tens. 44-50 mN/m (50-90%); 79.5-80.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; irritating to eyes and skin; risk of serious eye damage; inh. may cause respiratory system irritation Environmental: readily biodeg.; BOD5 0.45 mg O2/mg; COD 0.90 mg O2/mg; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 240 mg/l; LC50 (fish, 48 h) 320 mg/l Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed; avoid temps. above 200 C

Purac® HS 50 [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: L-Lactic acid See Lactic acid CAS 79-33-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-296-2 Uses: Acidulant, antimicrobial, preservative, flavoring agent for foods Features: Heat-stable Regulatory: FCC, JSFA, EUSFA, E 270, FDA GRAS compliance Properties: Colorless/yel./lt. brn. liq.; char. agreeable odor; mild acid char.; completely sol. in water; m.w. 90; dens. 1.12-1.14 g/ml (20 C); visc. 5-60 mPa·s (50-90%); b.p. 110 C (40%), 125 C (90%); decomp. pt. > 200 C; flash pt. none; pH < 2; surf. tens. 50-44 mN/m (50-90% sol'n.); 49.5-50.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; irritating to eyes and skin; risk of serious damage to eyes; inh. of mist causes respiratory system irritation; nonmutagenic; noncarcinogenic Environmental: readily biodeg.; BOD5 0.45 mg O2/mg; COD 0.90 mg O2/mg; no bioaccumulation; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 240 mg/l; LC50 (fish, 48 h) 320 mg/l Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents; avoid temps. above 200 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed

Purac® FCC 88 [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: L-Lactic acid See Lactic acid CAS 79-33-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-296-2 Uses: Acidulant, preservative, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: USA FDA GRAS, FCC, JSFA, EUSFA, E 270 compliance Properties: Colorless, yel. or lt. brn. liq.; char. agreeable odor; mild acid taste; completely sol. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Purac® LM 25 HiPure [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: L(+)-Lactic acid (25-54%), malic acid See N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Lactic acid CAS 79-33-4; 617-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 201578

Part I: Trade Name Reference 196-2 Uses: pH regulator, flavoring agent in confectionery prods. Regulatory: USA FDA GRAS; E270, E296 compliance Properties: Colorless to yel. liq.; Apha color 30 max.; char. odor; completely sol. in water; b.p. > 100 C; decomp. temp. > 200 C; pH 2.3-2.5 Toxicology: Risk of serious damage to eyes; skin irritant; inh. of mists causes respiratory system irritation Environmental: no bioaccumulation Precaution: Wear rubber gloves, face shield or tightly fitting safety goggles, lightweight protective clothing; incompat. with oxidizing agents; avoid temps. > 200 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed Purac® PF 90 [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: L-Lactic acid See Lactic acid CAS 79-33-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-296-2 Uses: pH regulator and acidulant in food Regulatory: USP, JP, EP, FDA GRAS, E 270 compliance Properties: Colorless/yel./lt. brn. liq.; char. agreeable odor; mild acid char.; completely sol. in water; m.w. 90; dens. 1.20-1.21 g/ml (20 C); visc. 5-60 mPa·s (50-90%); b.p. 110 C (40%), 125 C (90%); decomp. pt. > 200 C; flash pt. none; pH < 2; surf. tens. 50-44 mN/m (50-90% sol'n.); 89.5-90.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; irritating to eyes and skin; risk of serious damage to eyes; inh. of mist causes respiratory system irritation; nonmutagenic; noncarcinogenic Environmental: readily biodeg.; BOD5 0.45 mg O2/mg; COD 0.90 mg O2/mg; no bioaccumulation; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 240 mg/l; LC50 (fish, 48 h) 320 mg/l Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents; avoid temps. above 200 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed Purac® PH 90 [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: L(+) Lactic acid See Lactic acid CAS 79-33-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-196-2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: USP, JP, EP and GRAS compliance Properties: APHA 10 max. liq., characteric odor; bland acid taste; completely sol. in water; m.w. 90; sp.gr. 1.21-1.22; visc. 5-60 mPa.s; b.p. 110C; pH <2; decomp. temp. > 200 C; 87.588.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat ) 3730 mg/kg; LD50 (dermal, rabbit ) 2000 mg/kg; irritating to skin; risk of serious damage to eyes; inhalation causes burns of the upper digestive and respiratory tracts Environmental: EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 240mg/l; readily biodegradable; BOD5 = 0.45 mg O2 /mg; COD = 0.90 mg O2 /mg Precaution: Avoid contact with skin and eyes; use personal protective equipment; avoid oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed and properly labeled Purac® Powder H 60 [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactic acid (58-62%); calcium lactate (35-41%) Uses: Food additive Regulatory: USA FDA GRAS; E 270, E 327 compliance Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. powd.; char. lactic acid flavor; pure lactic acid taste; 4% max. water Storage: Store in cool, dry place (12-15 C); keep container tightly sealed Purac Sanilac® [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactic acid CAS 50-21-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-018-0 UN 1760 Uses: Flavoring agent Regulatory: EPA FIFRA registration ; FDA GRAS compliant Properties: Colorless/yel./lt. brn. liq. with agreeable odor; sol. in water; m.w. 90.08; dens. 1.18-1.19 g/ml; visc. 5-60 mPa·s; b.p. 110 C (40% sol.), 125 C (90% sol.); f.p. > 112 C; pH 2 Toxicology: Causes irreversible eye damage or skin burns; harmful if swallowed; inh. cause irritation of the respiratory tract; LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 4875 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2000 mg/kg; ing. may cause GI irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: biodegradable; EC50 (daphnia, 579

Part I: Trade Name Reference 96h) 240 mg/l, (algae) 3500 mg/l; LC50 (fish, 48h) 320 mg/l; no bioaccumulation Precaution: Do not get in eyes, on skin or on clothing; wear impervious gloves and tightly fitting safety goggles; avoid temp. above 140 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container tightly closed in a cool, dry place Puracal® DC [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium lactate pentahydrate See Calcium lactate CAS 63690-56-2; EINECS/ELINCS 212-406-7 Uses: Nutrient supplement Features: Nonhygroscopic; low friability; high compactibility; high sol. and bioavailability Regulatory: GRAS, FCC, USP, EP, JSFA, EUSFA compliance Properties: Wh. powd.; 90% min. 100-425 µm sieve; neutral odor and taste; sol. 9 g/100 ml in water; m.w. 218; pH 6.0-8.5 (10 g in 90 g water); 99-101% assay

22-27% loss on drying Toxicology: LDLo (IV, mouse) 140 mg/kg; health injuries are not known or expected under normal use; avoid contact with skin and eyes; noncarcinogenic; nonmutagenic Environmental: no special environmental precautions required; no bioaccumulation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Nonhygroscopic; keep tightly closed in a dry place

Puracal® PP/FCC [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium lactate pentahydrate See Calcium lactate CAS 63690-56-2; EINECS/ELINCS 212-406-7 Uses: Calcium fortifier, nutrient supplement, bioavailability enhancer for beverages, juices, powd. drinks Features: Provides good sol. Regulatory: USA GRAS, FCC, USP, EP, E327, DAB, JSFA compliance Properties: Wh. powd./chips; sol. 9 g/100 ml in water; m.w. 218 (anhyd.); pH 6.0-8.5 (10% aq.); 98% min. assay

Purac® Fresh S [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium L-lactate (30-50%) and acetic acid (20-40%) CAS 867-56-1; 64-19-7; EINECS/ELINCS 212762-3; 200-580-7 UN 2790 Uses: pH regulator, flavoring agent, and preservative in foods Regulatory: USA FDA GRAS; E325, E260 compliance Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; Apha color 50 max.; mild acid taste; completely sol. in water; sp. gr. 1.16-1.18; dens. 1170-1190 kg/m3; flash pt. > 176 F; pH 3.0-3.4 Toxicology: Causes burns to eyes, skin and resp. tract; TSCA listed Environmental: bioaccumulation unlikely Precaution: Wear rubber gloves, face shield or tightly fitting safety goggles, protective clothing; incompat. with oxidizing agents; avoid temps. > 200 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce irritating gases and vapors NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container tightly closed

Puracal® PP/USP [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium lactate pentahydrate See Calcium lactate CAS 63690-56-2; EINECS/ELINCS 212-406-7 Uses: Calcium fortifier for foods Regulatory: E 327, FDA GRAS, FCC, USP/EP, JSFA, EUSFA compliance Properties: Wh. powd.; 90% min. 75-425 µm, 98% min. ≤ 500 µm; neutral odor and taste; sol. 9 g/100 ml water; m.w. 218; bulk dens. 300-500 kg/m3; m.p. > 200 C; decomp. pt. > 200 C; flash pt. not applicable; pH 6-8.5 (10% aq.); 99-101% assay; 13.4-14.5% assay (Ca);

Purac® Fresh S39 [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium L-lactate (29-31%) and acetic acid (39-41%) Chem. Analysis: 68-72% total dry solids CAS 867-56-1; 64-19-7; EINECS/ELINCS 212762-3; 200-580-7 UN 2790 Uses: pH regulator, flavoring agent, and preservative in foods Regulatory: USA FDA GRAS; E325, E260 compliance Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; Apha color 50 max.; mild acid taste; completely sol. in water; sp. gr.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference 1.17-1.19; dens. 1170-1190 kg/m3; flash pt. > 176 F; pH 4.1-4.5 Toxicology: Causes burns to eyes, skin and resp. tract Environmental: bioaccumulation unlikely Precaution: Wear rubber gloves, face shield or tightly fitting safety goggles, protective clothing; incompat. with oxidizing agents; avoid temps. > 200 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed Puramex® AL [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aluminum lactate CAS 18917-91-4; EINECS/ELINCS 242-670-9 Uses: Mineral fortification of milk and fermented dairy drinks Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; sol. 26 g/100 ml in water; m.w. 294; bulk dens. 580 kg/m3; m.p. > 200 C; pH 3-4 (4% aq. sol'n.)); 99% min. assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral/rat) >2000mg/kg; noncarcinogenic; may cause Alzheimer's Disease if introduced parenterally Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizers and dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Puramex® FE [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ferrous lactate CAS 85993-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 227-608-0 Uses: Mineral fortification of milk and fermented dairy drinks Regulatory: FDA GRAS; EU E585 compliance Properties: Lt. green powd.; sl. characteristic odor; sol. 2.2 g/100 ml in water; m.w. 270; bulk dens. 680 kg/m3; m.p. 150 -170 C; pH 4.5-6.0 (2% aq.); decomp. temp. > 200 C; 98% min. assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat )> 2000mg/kg; eye irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: readily biodegradable Precaution: Insure adequate ventilation; avoid strong oxidizers NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep in dry place Puramex® MG [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium lactate CAS 18917-93-6; EINECS/ELINCS 242-671-4 Uses: Mineral fortification of milk and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fermented dairy drinks Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; sol. 5.2 g/100 ml in water; m.w. 238; dens. 500kg/m3; m.p. 200 CpH 5.0-7.0 (5% aq. sol'n.); 98% min. assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral/rat) >2000mg/kg; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Precaution: May cause dust explosion; avoid oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Puramex® MN [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Manganese lactate CAS 16039-56-8 Uses: Mineral fortification of milk and fermented dairy drinks Properties: Pink powd.; sol. 10 g/100 ml in water; m.w. 233 (anhyd.); pH 5.0-7.0 (5% aq.); 98% min. assay Puramex® ZN [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Zinc lactate dihydrate CAS 63179-81-7; EINECS/ELINCS 240-178-9 Uses: Mineral fortification of milk and fermented dairy drinks Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; sol. 5 g/100 ml in water; m.w. 279.4; bulk dens. 900 kg/m3; m.p. 200 C; pH 5-8 (10% aq. sol'n.); 98% min. assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral/rat) >2000mg/kg; may cause eye irritation with susceptible persons; harmful if swallowed ; noncarcinogenic Environmental: EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 8.3 mg/l Precaution: Thermal decomposition releases irritating gases and vapors; avoid dust formation; remove all sources of ignition Storage: Keep in dry place Purasal® HiPure P [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium lactate CAS 996-31-6; EINECS/ELINCS 213-631-3 Uses: Humectant, antimicrobial preservative for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; EU E326 compliance; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: APHA 100 max. liq.; sl. to no odor; mildly saline taste; high sol. in water; m.w. 128 (anhyd.); sp.gr. 1.32-1.35 g/ml (20 C); dens. 11-11.3 lb/gal; b.p. 239 F (60% sol'n.); flash pt. none; ref. index 1.415-1.422; pH 5.5-7.5 (10% aq.); 58-62% assay Toxicology: Nonhazardous; TSCA listed 581

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Ingredients: None Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep containers tightly closed; store in cool, dry, ventilated area; avoid temps. above 239 F Purasal® LITE 60 S/6 [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium lactate; potassium lactate Uses: Food additive Regulatory: USA FDA GRAS, FCC, EUSFA, E325, E326 compliance Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; sl. to no odor; completely sol. in water; dens. 1.32-1.35 g/ml (20 C); visc. 38 cps (20 C); b.p. 116 C; decomp. pt. > 200 C; pH 6.5-7.5 (60%); ref. index 1.415-1.425; 60% act. in water Toxicology: No known health hazards Environmental: unlikely to bioaccumulate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx; burning produces irritating fumes Storage: Keep tightly closed in dry place; avoid temps. above 200 C Purasal® NH/COS [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ammonium lactate CAS 515-98-0; EINECS/ELINCS 208-214-8 Uses: Nutrient supplement in foods Properties: APHA 50 max. cl. liq.; m.w. 107; dens. 1.16-1.19 g/ml; ref. index 1.42-1.45; pH 4.0-5.0 (14.2 g in 85.8 g water); 99-101% assay Purasal® P HiPure 60 [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: L-Potassium lactate aq. sol'n. See Potassium lactate CAS 996-31-6; EINECS/ELINCS 288-752-8 Uses: Antimicrobial in foods Regulatory: USA FDA GRAS, FCC, EUSFA, E 326 compliance Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; sl. to no odor; mild saline taste; completely sol. in water; dens. 1.32-1.35 g/ml (20 C); visc. 24-26 mPa·s (20 C, 60%); b.p. 115 C (60%); decomp. pt. > 200 C; pH 6.5-8.5; ref. index 1.415-1.422; 58-62% assay Toxicology: May cause eye irritation Environmental: unlikely to bioaccumulate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx; burning produces irritating fumes Storage: Keep tightly closed in a dry place; avoid temps. above 200 C Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Purasal® S [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium lactate CAS 72-17-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-772-0 Uses: Humectant, antimicrobial preservative for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; JSFA, EU E325 compliance; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: APHA 100 max. liq.; sl. to no odor; mildly saline taste; high sol. in water; m.w. 112 (anhyd.); sp.gr. 1.32-1.34 g/ml (20 C); dens. 11-11.2 lb/gal; flash pt. none; ref. index 1.4221.425; pH 6.5-8.5 (10% aq.); 59-61% assay Toxicology: Nonhazardous; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep containers tightly closed; store in cool, dry, ventilated area; avoid temps. above 239 F Purasal® S/PF 60 [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium lactate CAS 72-17-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-772-0 Uses: Emulsifier, humectant, pH control agent for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; USP, EU E325 compliance; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: APHA 50 max. liq.; sl. to no odor; high sol. in water; m.w. 112 (anhyd.); sp.gr. 1.32-1.34 g/ml (20 C); flash pt. none; ref. index 1.422-1.425; pH 6.5-8.5 (10% aq.); 59-61% assay Toxicology: Nonhazardous; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep containers tightly closed; store in cool, dry, ventilated area; avoid temps. above 239 F Purasal® S/SP 60 [PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium lactate CAS 72-17-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-772-0 Uses: Emulsifier, flavor enhancer, flavor adjuvant, humectant, pH control agent, antimicrobial in foods; shelf life extender, flavor enhancer for cooked beef; pathogen control agent in cured and uncured meats, poultry prods., reduced-fat prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS, USDA 9CFR §319.180; JSFA compliance; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: APHA 200 max. liq.; sl. to no odor; mildly saline taste; high sol. in water; m.w. 112 582

Part I: Trade Name Reference (anhyd.); sp.gr. 1.32-1.34 g/ml (20 C); flash pt. none; ref. index 1.422-1.425; pH 6.5-8.5; anionic; 59-61% assay Use Level: 2% max. (meat and poultry prods.) Toxicology: Nonhazardous; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep containers tightly closed; store in cool, dry, ventilated area; avoid temps. above 239 F Purasolv® BL [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: n-Butyl-(S)-lactate See Butyl(S)-lactate CAS 34451-19-9; EINECS/ELINCS 252-036-3 Uses: Food additive; flavoring agent Features: Non-ozone depleting Regulatory: FDA approved GRAS flavor Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. cl. liq.; mild char. odor; partly misc. with water and most org. solvs.; m.w. 146; sp.gr. 0.975-0.985 (20 C); visc. 3.9 mPa·s; vapor pressure 0.3 mbar (20 C); b.p. 189 C; flash pt. (CC) 79 C; autoignition temp. 380 C; ref. index 1.418-1.422; 97% min. assay Toxicology: TLV 25 mg/m3 max.; LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat) > 5140 mg/m3; irritating to eyes, skin; risk of serious eye damage; may degrease skin; may cause coughing, headache; high concs. of vapors may cause respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects Environmental: BOD5 0.76 mg O2/mg; COD 1.97 mg O2/mg; readily biodeg.; unlikely to bioaccumulate; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 423 mg/l, (algae) 0.93 g/l; LC50 (fish, 48 h) 75 mg/l Precaution: LEL 1% (100 C); UEL 7.9% (150 C); can be oxidized; hydrolyzes in presence of water, acids, bases; avoid temps. above 79 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: irritating fumes Storage: Keep container tightly closed Purasolv® EL [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethyl-(S)- lactate See Ethyl(S)-lactate CAS 687-47-8; EINECS/ELINCS 211-694-1 UN 1190 Uses: Food additive; flavoring agent Features: Non-ozone depleting; low volatility Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA approved GRAS flavor; JECFA approved food additive Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; mild char. odor; completely misc. with water, most org. solvs.; m.w. 118; sp.gr. 1.03 (20 C); visc. 2.8 cP (20 C); vapor pressure 2.7 mbar (20 C); m.p. -3 C; b.p. 154 C; flash pt. (CC) 61 C; autoignition temp. 400 C; surf. tens. 30.6 dynes/cm; KB value > 1000 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2500 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 8 h) > 5400 mg/m3; eye irritant; risk of serious eye damage; irritating to respiratory system, mucous membranes; skin contact may degrease skin, cause erythema Environmental: BOD28 1.43 mg O2/mg; COD 1.66 mg O2/mg; readily biodeg.; unlikely to bioaccumulate; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 683 mg/l, (algae) 2200 mg/l; LC50 (fish, 48 h) 320 mg/l Precaution: Hydrolyzes in presence of water, acids, bases; avoid temps. above 61 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx; thermal decomp. can lead to release of irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed Purasolv® ELECT [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethyl-(S)- lactate See Ethyl(S)-lactate CAS 687-47-8; EINECS/ELINCS 211-694-1 UN 1190 Uses: Food additive Features: Non-ozone depleting Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FAO/WHO, JECFA approved Properties: Colorless cl. liq., char. mild pleasant odor; misc. with water and most org. solvs.; m.w. 118; sp.gr. 1.030-1.038; m.p. -3 C; b.p. 154 C; flash pt. (CC) 52 C; ref. index 1.4101.420; autoignition temp. 400 C; 99% min. assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2500 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 8 h) > 5400 mg/m3; eye irritant; risk of serious eye damage; irritating to respiratory system, mucous membranes; skin contact may degrease skin, cause erythema; inh. of high vapor concs. can cause CNS depression, narcosis; immediately degrades into lactic acid and ethanol Environmental: BOD28 1.43 mg O2/mg; COD 1.66 mg O2/mg; readily biodeg.; unlikely to bioaccumulate; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 683 583

Part I: Trade Name Reference mg/l, (algae) 2200 mg/l; LC50 (fish, 48 h) 320 mg/l Precaution: Hydrolyzes in presence of water, acids, bases; avoid temps. above 61 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx; thermal decomp. can lead to release of irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed Purasolv® ELS [PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethyl-(S)- lactate See Ethyl(S)-lactate CAS 687-47-8; EINECS/ELINCS 211-694-1 UN 1190 Uses: Food additive Features: Non-ozone depleting Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FAO/WHO, JECFA approved Properties: Colorless cl. liq., char. mild pleasant odor; misc. with water and most org. solvs.; m.w. 118; sp.gr. 1.030-1.038; m.p. -3 C; b.p. 154 C; flash pt. (CC) 52 C; ref. index 1.4101.420; autoignition temp. 400 C; 98% min. assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2500 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 8 h) > 5400 mg/m3; eye irritant; risk of serious eye damage; irritating to respiratory system, mucous membranes; skin contact may degrease skin, cause erythema; inh. of high vapor concs. can cause CNS depression, narcosis; immediately degrades into lactic acid and ethanol Environmental: BOD28 1.43 mg O2/mg; COD 1.66 mg O2/mg; readily biodeg.; unlikely to bioaccumulate; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) 683 mg/l, (algae) 2200 mg/l; LC50 (fish, 48 h) 320 mg/l Precaution: Hydrolyzes in presence of water, acids, bases; avoid temps. above 61 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx; thermal decomp. can lead to release of irritating gases and vapors Storage: Keep container tightly closed Pure Food Powder [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: unmodified corn starch Uses: Processing aid, visc. control agent for dry mix cakes and muffins, fillings; body/mouthfeel enhancer, gelling agent in cheese sauce, desserts; gelling agent, moisture control agent, visc. control agent in batters, breading; body/mouthfeel Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enhancer, visc. control agent in dry mix soups and sauces, savory sauces, soups Pureco® 76 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil, refined, bleached, deodorized CAS 8001-31-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-282-8 Uses: Diluent, lubricant, vehicle, carrier for pail coating, corn popping, nut roasting, mellorine, general purpose food applics., infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements Properties: Lovibond R1.5 max. semisolid; typical odor; m.p. 74.3-80.6 F; iodine no. 10 max.; sapon. no. 248-264. Storage: Retest and requalify 12 mos. from the date of manufacture.; store in dry place @ R.T. Pureco® Canola [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Canola oil, refined, bleached, deodorized CAS 8002-13-9 Uses: Lubricant for nutritional prods. Features: Melting props. Properties: Lovibond 1.5 red max. liq.; vapor pressure > 1 mm Hg; b.p. >500 F; sapon. no. 180-193 ; flash pt. (COC) > 500 F Precaution: Wear chemical splash goggles and neoprene gloves for hot oil; avoid high temps. near flash pt. and strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Retest and requalify 12 months from the date of manufacture; store in dry place @ R.T. Pureco® HOS [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: High oleic sunflower seed oil, refined, bleached, deodorized See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil CAS 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-273-9 Uses: Lubricant for nutritional prods. Features: Melting props. Properties: Pale yel oil; neutral odor; sp. gr. 0.92; vapor pressure <1 mm Hg; flash pt (COC) >200 C Toxicology: Not a serious eye irritant; no adverse effects to skin or by ing. Environmental: prevent run-off to sewers, streams or other bodies of water Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Retest and requalify 12 mos. from the 584

Part I: Trade Name Reference date of manufacture; store in a dry place @ R.T. Pureco® HSC-1 [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated veg. oils, refined, bleached, deodorized See Hydrogenated vegetable oil EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6 Uses: Lubricant for nutritional prods. Features: Melting props. Properties: Solid @ R.T.; lt.-yel. liq. above m.p.; vapor pressure <1 mm Hg Toxicology: Not a serious eye or skin irritant Environmental: prevent run-off to sewers, streams or other bodies of water. Precaution: Wear chemical splash goggles and neoprene gloves for hot oil; in presence of veg. oil mists or dusts, use of a NIOSH/OSHA approved mask and/or respirator.; avoid high temps. near flash pt. and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Retest and requalify 12 mos. from the date of manufacture; store in a dry place @ R.T. Pureco® Soybean [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycine soja oil, refined, bleached, deodorized See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil CAS 8001-22-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-274-4 Uses: Lubricant and moisturizer for nutritional prods. Features: Melting props. Properties: Liq.; color (Lovibond value) 1.5 red max.; sl. odor; insol. in water; sp. gr. ≈ 0.9 @ 10 0F; vapor pressure <1 mm Hg; b.p. > 500 F; sapon. no. 185-197; peroxide no. (meq/kg) 1.0 max.; flash pt. (COC) > 500 F Toxicology: Contact with skin and eyes not expected to cause serious irritation; mist classified as nuisance particulates (ACGIH) Precaution: Wear chemical splash goggles Storage: Retest and requalify 12 months from the date of manufacture; store in a dry place at 70-75 F Pure-Cote™ B790 NF [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Binder for seasonings on snacks and cereals; smooth glossy coating agent for Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

confections and baked goods Features: Fast drying; low visc. Regulatory: NF Properties: Cl. film; flavor-free; sol. in cold water; very low visc. Pure-Dent® B700 NF [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Unmodified corn (Zea mays) starch USP, NF CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener for salad dressings, cooked puddings, bakery fillings, gravies Regulatory: NF Properties: Off-wh. powd., no odor, bland flavor; pH 5.5-6.5; 9-12.5% moisture Pure-Dent® B810 NF [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn (Zea mays) starch NF CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Binder, diluent, absorbent, disintegrant, sweetness regulator for foods Features: Free-flowing; inert; low hygroscopicity; improves hardness and friability; food additive complying with regs. for food starch-modified; high visc., exc. gel str. Regulatory: NF, FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., no odor, bland flavor; pH 4.5-7.0; 8-11% moisture Pure-Dent® B812 USP [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn (Zea mays) starch USP CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Binder, diluent, absorbent for foods Features: Food additive complying with regs. for food starch-modified Regulatory: USP, FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland flavor; pH 6.0; 11% moisture Pure-Dent® B815 NF [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn (Zea mays) starch NF CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Binder, diluent, absorbent for foods Features: Food additive complying with regs. for food starch-modified Regulatory: NF, FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. fine powd., odorless, bland flavor; pH 4.5-7.0; 8-11% moisture Pure-Dent® B816 USP [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Topical corn (Zea mays) 585

Part I: Trade Name Reference starch USP CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Binder, diluent, absorbent for foods Features: Food additive complying with regs. for food starch-modified Regulatory: USP, FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland flavor; pH 6.0; 11% moisture Pure-Dent® B880 NF [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified corn (Zea mays) starch NF CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Binder, diluent, absorbent for foods Features: Low visc.; inert; food additive complying with regs. for food starch-modified Regulatory: NF, FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland flavor; pH 6.0; 11% moisture Pure-Dent® B890 NF [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified corn (Zea mays) starch NF CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Binder, diluent, absorbent for foods Features: Low visc.; inert; food additive complying with regs. for food starch-modified Regulatory: NF, FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland flavor; sol. in cold water; pH 6.0; 11% moisture Pure-Flo® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer for aseptically processed foods, canned puddings Features: Very resist. to high temps. and shear; exc. freezer/refrigerator storage stability; produces smooth, short, heavy texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Pure-Gel® B980 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for frozen foods, soups, sauces, gravies, fruit pie fillings requiring additional processing tolerance Features: Rec. for food systems requiring heat, shear, or acid stability; imparts good freeze/thaw stability Pure-Gel® B990 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for frozen foods, soups, sauces, gravies, fruit pie fillings, emulsified meats, ham prods. Features: Rec. for food systems requiring heat, shear, or acid stability; imparts exc. freeze/thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland flavor; pH 6.0; 10.5% moisture Pure-Gel® B992 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified FCC See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for frozen foods, soups, sauces, gravies, fruit pie fillings requiring additional processing tolerance Features: Rec. for food systems requiring heat, shear, or acid stability; imparts exc. freeze/thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., typ. odor, bland flavor; pH 6.0; 10.5% moisture Pure-Gel® B994 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for frozen foods, soups, sauces, gravies, fruit pie fillings requiring additional processing tolerance Features: Rec. for food systems requiring heat, shear, or acid stability; imparts good freeze/thaw stability

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Pure-Gel® B996 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for frozen foods, soups, sauces, gravies, fruit pie fillings requiring additional processing tolerance Features: Rec. for food systems requiring heat, shear, or acid stability; imparts mod. freeze/thaw stability Pure/Riviera Olive Oil NF [Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com] Chem. Descrip.: Olive oil See Olive (Olea europaea) oil CAS 8001-25-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-277-0 Uses: Food ingred. Properties: Greenish-yel. bright and cl. oily liq.; sp.gr. 0.910-0.915; solid. pt. 17-26 C; acid no. 0.5; iodine no. 79-88; sapon. no. 190-195 Pure-Set® B950 [Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified CAS 65996-63-6 Uses: Gellant, binder for confectionery, gum candies, jellies; binder for frankfurters and bologna Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., sl. odor, bland flavor; pH 5.5-6.5; 9-12% moisture Purity® 4 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch, modified derived from tapioca CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for foods, fillings, sauces, puddings, dry mixes, canned foods, frozen foods Features: Smooth, short texture; good resist. to heat, acid, shear; inherent freeze/thaw stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland taste; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Purity® 5 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Moisture control agent, flow aid, dusting agent, shelf life extender for dry food mixes; anticaking agent for hygroscopic materials; texturizing agent Features: Low moisture content; protects moisture-sensitive ingreds.; imparts smooth, short texture Properties: Wh. powd.; pH ≈ 5; 7.5% max. moisture (as packed) Purity® 21D [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Gellant, film-former for foods Features: High whiteness; firm gel str. in sol'ns. on cooling Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Purity® 69 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified starch derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Clarifier, smoothing agent, texturizer, stabilizer for cream and fruit pie fillings, sauces, gravies; stabilizer for frozen foods Features: Resist. to high temps., low pH 587

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin and by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Purity® 270 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Visc. builder, protective colloid for salad dressings Features: Rec. for continuous processing; low hot visc.; develops soft gel on cooling; latent set Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Purity® 420 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Visc. builder, protective colloid, texturizer, bodying agent, shelf life extender for salad dressings, sauces Features: Rec. for continuous processing; resist. to acid, shear, high temps. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd., starch odor; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 5.5 (1%); ≈ 11% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin and by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Purity® 550 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Visc. builder, stabilizer, protective colloid, texturizer, shelf-life extender for salad dressings Features: Rec. for continuous and batch processing; resist. to shear Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd., starch odor; m.w. > 10000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 5.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin and by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Purity® 660 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from corn See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for cream and/or milk-containing canned foods, pet foods, processed puddings and desserts Features: Rec. for high temp. continuous retorts; exc. stability during refrigerated and frozen storage; good resist. to high shear and acid conditions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd., starch odor; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 6 (1%); ≈ 11% 588

Part I: Trade Name Reference moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin and by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Purity® 825 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Moisture control agent, flow aid, dusting agent for dry food mixes; anticaking agent for hygroscopic materials; texturizing agent Features: Low moisture content; protects moisture-sensitive ingreds.; imparts smooth, short texture Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; pH ≈ 6; 2.5% max. moisture (as packed) Purity® 87 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Visc. builder for yogurt, sour cream, and cultured prods. Features: Extremely resist. to high heat, shear, acid; exc. low temp. and long-term storage stability Properties: Bland Storage: Long term storage stability Purity® 90 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Texturizer, thickener, water binder, mouthfeel enhancer for foods contg. a protein matrix, Asian food prods. incl. noodles, meat prods. (hot dogs, emulsion meats, low-fat meat prods.); thickener for dry food mixes Features: Low gelatinization temp.; rapid hydration profile; good clarity; low temp. stability; does not mask flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Purity® 9200 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: ≈11% moisture CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener and texturizing agent in cooked snacks; viscosity aid in canning operations Features: Develops viscosity without gelling properties and a clear, cohesive long texture when cooked Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; sp. gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Purity® CS C [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer for gravies, soups, puddings, refrigerated/frozen foods; colorant, brightener, gloss aid, stabilizer for cream-style corn Features: Exc. clarity; will not gel upon cooling; 589

Part I: Trade Name Reference exc. resist. to low temp. storage Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; extremely bland; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 11% moisture Purity® D [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, gellant for bakery and Bavarian cream fillings, dry mixes, and canned cream fillings; thickener for baby foods, fruit gels Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; neutral taste; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin and by ing. Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Purity® FC [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, tricalcium phosphate See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Food starch, modified Uses: Flow aid, dusting agent, antisticking agent, shelf life extender for noodles, dough skins, dry food mixes, confections Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 10% moisture Purity* FG [Petro-Canada http://www.petrocanada.ca; http://www.calflo.com] Uses: Heat transfer fluid for use in food processing Regulatory: USDA and Canadian Dept. of Agric. approved; Kosher Properties: Cl. and bright liq.; odorless; sp.gr. 0.853 (15 C), 0.651 (316 C); visc. 34.2 cSt (40 C), 0.72 cSt (316 C); vapor pressure 0.44 kPa (38 C), 14.27 kPa (316 C); pour pt. -18 C; flash pt. (COC) 209 C; sp.heat 1.94 kJ/kg·K (38 C), 2.88 kJ/kg·K (316 C) Toxicology: Nontoxic

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Purity® HO [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, corn syrup solids See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener for low acid food prods., instant puddings, bakery fillings; nonfat dried milk replacement in baked goods in combination with whey solids Features: Pregelatinized; high cold visc.; rec. for food prods. that are not subjected to high temps. or violent agitation Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 184.1865; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Purity® HPC [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer, gloss aid, clarifier, syneresis inhibitor for aq. food systems, high acid foods, retorted prods., soups, sauces, bottled pickles, relishes, fruit fillings Features: Good freeze-thaw stability; improved heat penetration in sterilized prods. Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 11% moisture Purity® NCS [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, thickener, texturizer, shelf life extender for canned foods, licorice, cream style corn, gravies, sauces, and stews Features: Very resist. to overcooking in low pH systems; resist. to high shear processing Regulatory: Meets National Food Processors 590

Part I: Trade Name Reference Assoc. standards for thermophilic spores Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; pH ≈ 5; ≈ 11% moisture Purity® TF [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dent corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gellant, film-former, texturizer for cooked creams, custard fillings, puddings, icings, Turkish paste confectioneries, caramels; opacifier for soups, sauces, gravies; molding starch additive Features: Not rec. for extended or cold temp. storage; tendency to exhibit syneresis Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Purity® W [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, smoothing agent, clarifier for gravies, stews, soups, puddings, desserts; colorant, brightener, gloss aid in cream-style corn Features: Smooth, short texture; good low and high temp. stability; minimizes the retrogradation over long storage periods; effective in neutral and some acid systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd., starch odor; very bland taste; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

and by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Purity® Cloud [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, opacifier for processed gravies, sauces, soups, and stews Features: Good low temp. stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland taste; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 5.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin and by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Purity® Gum 40 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, gum Arabic replacement in hard gum candies, e.g., lozenges, cough drops, wine gums, fruit gums; film-former in coatings for confections, glazes Features: Exc. clarity, sheen, stability; low visc.; provides uniform flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation 591

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Purity® Gum 59 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, film-former, gum Arabic replacement in pan coating of confections and tablets, as glaze for bakery items, as coating for adhesion of seasonings and seeds to crackers and nut meats Features: Low visc.; produces smooth, clear, glossy, nonsticky, pliable films with exc. resist. to cracking and chipping Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; sol. in cold water, but heating @ 60-71 C yields complete disp. at faster rate; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 6% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Purity® Gum 539 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified and corn syrup solids See Food starch, modified Uses: Emulsion stabilizer for food emulsions, bakery emulsions, beverage clouds; visc. builder, stabilizer for oil in pourable salad dressings Features: Pregelatinized; very good dispersibility; high visc.; partial or total replacement for gums Properties: Wh. to off-wh. coarse powd.; pH ≈ 5; ≈ 8% moisture Purity® Gum 1773 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Emulsion stabilizer for food emulsions, bakery emulsions, vitamin suspensions, liq. foods contg. oils and fats, flavor emulsions, beverage clouds in carbonated and still beverages; gum Arabic replacement in flavor emulsions Features: Very good visc. stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. fine powd.; starch odor; sol. in cold water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 4 (1%); ≈ 6% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Purity® Gum 2000 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Emulsion stabilizer for food emulsions, bakery emulsions, vitamin suspensions, liq. foods contg. oils and fats, flavor emulsions, beverage clouds in carbonated and still beverages; gum Arabic replacement in flavor emulsions Features: Very good visc. stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. fine powd.; starch odor; sol. in cold water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 4 (1%); ≈ 6% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation 592

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Purity® Gum BE [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Emulsion stabilizer for flavors and cloud emulsions in carbonated and still beverages; emulsion stabilizer in other food emulsions, bakery emulsions, vitamin suspensions, liq. foods contg. oils and fats; gum Arabic replacement Features: Low visc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. fine powd.; starch odor; sol. in cold water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 4 (1%); ≈ 6% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Puron AG [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Disodium diphosphate See Sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Aerating agent, acidulant for prep. of baking powders, self-raising flours, chemically leavened baked flour confections Features: Used in conjunction with sodium bicarbonate Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 221.97; bulk dens. 1.1; pH 4.3 Storage: 2 yr. shelf life Puron F [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Disodium diphosphate See Sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Acidulant, buffer in foodstuffs; additive Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

in meat processing; constituent of emulsifying salts; darkening preventive for potatoes Features: Non-aerator grade Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 221.97; bulk dens. 1.1; pH 3.7-5.0; 95% min. assay Storage: 2 yr. shelf life Puron SR [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Disodium diphosphate See Sodium acid pyrophosphate Chem. Analysis: Lead < 1 ppm; arsenic < 1 ppm; cadmium < 0.1 ppm; fluoride < 3.5 ppm; heavy metal < 10 ppm; mercury < 1 ppm CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Aerating agent, acidulant for prep. of baking powders, chemically leavened flour confectioneries Features: Used in conjunction with sodium bicarbonate; slower acting than Puron AG Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 221.97; bulk dens. 1.1; pH 4.3 Storage: 2 yr. shelf life Purox B food/pharma [DSM Special Prods. http://www.dsm.com/en_US/html/dsp/homepa ge.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Benzoic acid CAS 65-85-0; EINECS/ELINCS 200-618-2 Uses: Preservative in food Regulatory: USP/NF, EP, JP, FCC; kosher Properties: Wh. flakes; characteristic odor; solid. pt. 121.5-122.5 C; 99.98 min. assay Storage: 2 yr shelf life Py-ran® [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monocalcium phosphate anhydrous, monoaluminum phosphate anhydrous, dicalcium phosphate anhydrous, and amorphous precipitated silicon dioxide See Aluminum orthophosphate; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Diatomaceous earth CAS 7758-23-8; 7784-30-7; 7757-93-9; 7631-869; EINECS/ELINCS 231-837-1; 232-056-9; 231-826-1; 231-545-4 Uses: Functional food additive; buffer, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, firming agent, leavening agent, sequestrant, stabilizer in cereals, dough, preserves, fruit jelly; calcium supplement in foods Regulatory: FCC compliance Properties: Wh., odorless crystals; 0.5% max. on 100 mesh, 15% max. on 200 mesh; 16.8593

Part I: Trade Name Reference 18.3% assay (as Ca) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7,100 mg/kg; practically nontoxic; sl. irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Pyrazine Mixture, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor for cocoa, chocolate, coffee, roasted nuts, meats, potato, tobacco Regulatory: GRAS; CFR §172.510; 21 CFR §101.22; kosher Properties: Lt yel. liq.; nutty, roasted, chocolate taste; sol. in oil, PG, alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.968-0.970 (15 C); b.p. 59 C (10mm Hg); flash pt. 57 C Use Level: 0.05-5 ppm Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in tightly closed container away from light and sources of ignition @ ≤ 20 C Pyridoxine Hydrochloride USP, FCC [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vitamin B6 See Pyridoxine HCl CAS 58-56-0; EINECS/ELINCS 200-386-2 Uses: Dietary supplement for mfg. of dry and liq. pharmaceuticals and in vitamin fortification of foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS; USP, FCC, Ph. Eur. Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless; 95% min. through 100 mesh; freely sol. in water (1 g/5ml); sl. sol. in alcohol (1 g/100 ml); insol. in ether; m.w. 205.64; m.p. 202-206 C; pH 2-4 (10% aq.); 98% min. assay Toxicology: Ingestion of 500 mg or more daily for 6 mos. may cause ataxia and severe neuropathy Precaution: Avoid exposure to excessive heat, alkali, light Storage: Store in tightly closed containers away from light, moisture, excessive heat @ optimum temp. < 72 F QEMI DF 210 FG [Qemi Int'l. http://www.qemi.com] Chem. Descrip.: silicone defoamer in silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for food processing and fermentation processes Properties: Cream wh.; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; nonionic; 10% act. QEMI DF 220 FG [Qemi Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.qemi.com] Chem. Descrip.: silicone defoamer in silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for food processing and fermentation processes Properties: Cream wh.; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; pH (5% aq.) 7.5; nonionic; 20% act. QEMI DF 230 FG [Qemi Int'l. http://www.qemi.com] Chem. Descrip.: silicone defoamer in silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for fermentation process and instant coffee Properties: Amber liq.; sl. odor; sl. disp. in water; sp.gr. 0.96; visc. 50-175; pour pt. 8-11 C; nonionic; 100% act. Storage: Stable for 12 mos.; keep in closed container @ R.T. away from heat, sparks, open flame; avoid storing outdoors QEMI DF 8501A [Qemi Int'l. http://www.qemi.com] Chem. Descrip.: mixture of org. compounds Uses: Defoamer for starch and protein sol'ns. for food Regulatory: 21 CFR §173.340(a), 573.940; kosher Properties: Yel. opaque liq.; disp. in water; sp.gr. 0.96; visc. 1000-3500 cps; pour pt. -5 C Storage: Keep in closed container away from extreme heat; protect from freezing QEMI DF 8542R [Qemi Int'l. http://www.qemi.com] Chem. Descrip.: org. antifoam Chem. Analysis: Water 0.1% Uses: Defoamer for the mfg. of citric acid, amino acids, enzymes, food processing Features: Increased yield; exc. foam control Regulatory: 21 CFR §173.340(3); kosher; pareve Properties: Cl. liq.; sp.gr. 0.998; visc. 400 cps Storage: Keep in closed container away from extreme heat; protect from freezing QEMI DF 8942 [Qemi Int'l. http://www.qemi.com] Chem. Descrip.: org. antifoam Uses: Defoamer for food processing and food contact applics. Regulatory: 21 CFR §173.340, 175.105, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1400, 178.3120 Properties: Opaque wh. to amber liq.; sp.gr. 1.0; visc. 550 cps; pour pt. < 30 F; flash pt. (PMCC) 594

Part I: Trade Name Reference > 300 F; 100% act. Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Qemisurf 300K [Qemi Int'l. http://www.qemi.com] Uses: Surfactant, antifoam for food processing Properties: Cl. yel. liq.; mild fatty odor; bland taste; sp.gr. 0.96; Brookfield visc. ≈ 180 cps; flash pt. 300 F; HLB 2.8 Storage: Store @ R.T. Qual Flo® [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Powd. cellulose FCC CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, flow aid for foods, mozzarella, provolone cheeses in institutional size bags for pizzeria, restaurant, and retail trades Features: Designed for fast turnover foods that do not require prolonged shelf life Properties: Wh. fibrous powd., odorless; 0% 300 µ residue, 30% max. 32 µ residue; 40 µ avg. fiber length, 18 µ avg. fiber thickness; partly sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5 g/cc; apparent dens. 185-220 g/l; pH 5-7.5; 99.5% act. Toxicology: Inhalation of dust may cause allergenic reactions on repeated exposure Storage: Store in cool, dry area Qual Flo® 20E [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Improves flow, prevents clumping, anticaking agent for cheese Properties: Wh. Use Level: 2% Qual Flo® 20PS [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Improves flow, prevents clumping, anticaking agent for cheese Properties: Wh. Qual Flo® 200 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Improves flow, prevents clumping, anticaking agent for cheese Properties: Wh. Use Level: 2-3% Qual Flo® 200LD [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Improves flow, prevents clumping, anticaking agent for cheese Properties: Wh. Use Level: 1-2% Qual Flo® C [Int'l. Fiber Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Powd. cellulose FCC, annatto See Annatto (Bixa orellana); Cellulose Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, and flow agent for foodstuffs; designed for fast turnover foods that do not require prolonged shelf life, e.g., institutional size bags for pizzeria, restaurant, and retail trades; for cheddar, Colby cheeses Properties: Yel.-orange fibrous powd., odorless; 0% 300 µ residue, 30% max. 32 µ residue; 40 µ avg. fiber length, 18 µ avg. fiber thickness; partly sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.5 g/cc; apparent dens. 185-220 g/l; pH 5-7.5; 99.5% act. Toxicology: Inhalation of dust may cause allergenic reactions on repeated exposure Storage: Store in cool, dry area Qual Flo® EXT [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Uses: Improves flow, prevents clumping, anticaking agent for cheese Properties: Wh. Quick-Tex W4 Icing Stabilizer [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Uses: Icing stabilizer, shelf life extender for most transparent icings Features: Boiling type Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd. Quix Icing Stabilizer [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Uses: Icing stabilizer, shelf life extender for transparent icings Features: Boiling type Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd. Use Level: 0.5-0.7% on powd. sugar Radiamuls MG 2141 [Oleon NV http://www.oleon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol monostearate, SE See Glyceryl stearate SE CAS 11099-07-3 Uses: Plasticizer, homogenizer, defoamer, rehydrator, anticaking agent in foods Properties: Powd./flakes; anionic; 40% conc. Radiamuls MG 2143 [Oleon NV http://www.oleon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable glycerol monostearate See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Plasticizer, homogenizer, defoamer, 595

Part I: Trade Name Reference rehydrator, anticaking agent in foods Properties: Powd./flakes; HLB 3.0; nonionic; 40% conc. Radiamuls MG 2152 [Oleon NV http://www.oleon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol monooleate See Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Plasticizer, homogenizer, defoamer, rehydrator, anticaking agent in foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 2.8; nonionic; 40% conc. Radiamuls MG 2900 [Oleon NV http://www.oleon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerol monostearate See Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Plasticizer, homogenizer, defoamer, rehydrator, anticaking agent in foods Properties: Powd./flakes; HLB 3.9; nonionic; 90% + conc. Rapidase® [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectinase CAS 9032-75-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-885-6 Uses: Range of enzymes for maceration, cloudy juice, depectinization, advanced extraction, pomace pectin recovery, advanced pomace extraction, French cider production and starch degradation Redihop® [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Highly purified aq. sol'n. of of the potassium salt of reduced isoalpha acids standardized @ 35% w/w, from hops extract Uses: Flavoring agent (bittering agent), light stabilizer for light or reduced-calorie beers Features: Provides a smooth bitterness with less after-bitter and improved light stability; for postfermentation injection Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.560(b)(2-5), Storage: Store at 20-22 C; may precipitate during storage Redisol® 78D [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from potato See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer for toppings, icings, cheese sauces; meringue stabilizer; film-former on dry roasted peanuts Features: Pregelatinized starch; produces med. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flow, smooth, cream-like texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; 5% on 60 mesh, 50% through 200 mesh; pH 6; 6% moisture Redisol® 88 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for instant foods, dry mixes, puddings, icings, pie fillings, chip dips, soup mixes, spreads Features: Pregelatinized starch; provides heavy flow, smooth, creamy texture, sl. chewy tender mouthfeel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Powd.; 98% through 100 mesh, 85% through 200 mesh; pH 6.0; 6% moisture Redisol® 248 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from potato See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, bulking agent for milk-gel instant puddings, cream soup mixes, sauces, gravies, snack dips, spreads Features: Pregelatinized starch; provides smooth, visc. sol'ns., good acid resist. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; kosher, Passover certified Properties: Powd.; 0.2% on 140 mesh, 92% through 200 mesh; cold water sol.; pH 6.0; 7% moisture Redisol® 412 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for convenience foods, instant puddings, cake mixes, icings, nonbaked refrigerated desserts Features: Pregelatinized starch; produces smooth, soft, tender gels of short texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Powd.; 98% through 100 mesh, 85% through 200 mesh; pH 6.0; 7% moisture Redi-Tex® [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from dent corn See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 5-6% moisture Uses: Texturizer for hot or cold processed food systems, apple sauce, tomato paste/sauce, apricot puree, sauces, 596

Part I: Trade Name Reference gravies, dry mixes; extender for tomato pastes, juices, soups, stews, sauces; extender for coconut in candies Features: Cold water swelling starch providing pulpy texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. flakes, bland flavor; 2% on 10 mesh, 97% on 100 mesh, 3% through 100 mesh; visc. 34,000 cps; pH 6.0 (10%) Red Miso Powder 6100 [Nikken Foods Co. Ltd. http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Fermented soy beans and barley with salt Uses: Provides a salty, meaty flavor with bitter overtones; used for oriental sauces, soups, chili, spreads, and as replacement for MSG or HVP; most effective in beef or pork applics. Properties: Brn. freeze-dried free-flowing fine powd., mild typical fermented soy aroma; 4% moisture, 20.6% protein, 20% salt, 9% fat Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area in sealed containers; avoid storage at elevated temps. Reduce®-150 [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of sodium stearoyl lactylate, calcium sulfate, and sodium sulfite Uses: Dough conditioner for flour tortillas, pie crusts, and pizza shells Properties: Lt. tan free-flowing powd., mild caramel odor; acid no. 30-40; 11-15% calcium, 2.0-2.8% sodium Use Level: 4-16 oz/cwt flour Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions Regent® 12XX [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monocalcium phosphate, monohydrate FCC See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate CAS 10031-30-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-837-1 Uses: Acidulant, leavening agent for baking, cereal, pancake mixes, cookie mixes, angel food cakes, beverages; bread improver in yeast-raised doughs Features: Very fast action; used with other acids in double-acting baking powds. Properties: Brilliant wh. free-flowing cryst.; 99% through 100 mesh, 87% through 200 mesh; bulk dens. 66 lb/ft3; neutralizing value 80; pH 3.7 (1%); 15.9-17% assay (Ca) Regular Paniplus® 2X [ADM Specialty Ingreds. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate; calcium peroxide; dicalcium phosphate; diammonium phosphate See Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Calcium phosphate dibasic Uses: Dough conditioner, shelf life extender, calcium source in foods Properties: Dull wh. powd.; 98% through 40 mesh; 1.46% calcium peroxide Use Level: 3-4 oz per 100 lbs of flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep containers well closed when not in use Reheis Less Salt Blend [Reheis http://www.reheis.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium chloride, USP/FCC, BO, EP CAS 7447-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-211-8 Uses: Sodium replacement or nutrient replacement for foods Reishi Mycelium Biomass REIMYC [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Reishi mycelium biomass from Ganoderma lucidum Uses: Ingred. for health foods; powds. in herbal tea blends Features: Polysaccharides and peptidomannans actives Properties: Lt. rdsh.-brn. powd.; insol. in water Storage: 24 mo shelf life Reishi Mycelium Extract [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Reishi mycelium extract from Ganoderma lucidum with 70% dextrose carrier See Glucose Uses: Ingred. for health foods, teas, beverages, nutritional supplements Features: Polysaccharides and lignins actives Properties: Brownish-red gran. Storage: 24 mo shelf life Remy CA [Remy Industries NV http://www.remy-industries.be] Chem. Descrip.: Rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Gellant, binder for confectionery, fancy foods Features: Neutral starch Properties: Wh. oven-dried crystals Remy DR [Remy Industries NV 597

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.remy-industries.be] Chem. Descrip.: Rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Gellant, binder for foods, confectionery, chocolate filling, biscuits, extruded snacks, custards, frozen vegetables with cream sauce Features: Milled neutral starch Properties: Wh. powd., neutral taste; 7% max. on 200 mesh; sol. in hot water; insol. in cold water; bulk dens. 0.40 g/cm3; pH 6.0-7.5 (10%); 15% max. moisture, 0.55% max. protein, 0.1% max. fat Toxicology: Nonhazardous Precaution: Dust explosion is possible Storage: 5 yr. min. storage life when stored in unopened original packing in dry place free from odors, insects, rodents Remy FG [Remy Industries NV http://www.remy-industries.be] Chem. Descrip.: Rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Gellant, binder for confectionery molding, dusting of chewing gum, baking powd. Features: Neutral starch Properties: Wh. finely milled powd., neutral taste Remy FG-P [Remy Industries NV http://www.remy-industries.be] Chem. Descrip.: Rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Gellant, binder for baby foods, food specialties, instant foods Features: Pregelatinized starch Properties: Wh. powd., neutral taste; cold water sol. Remygel 14-552 [Remy Industries NV http://www.remy-industries.be] Chem. Descrip.: Modified waxy rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, oil/fat substitute in baby foods, sauces, soups, salad dressings, frozen foods, preserves, low-fat margarine/butter Features: When cooked, forms a creamy gel which resists freezing, sterilization, acid environments Properties: Wh. powd., neutral taste; 7% max. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

on 200 mesh; sol. in hot water; insol. in cold water; bulk dens. 0.40 g/cm3; pH 6.0-7.5 (10%); 15% max. moisture, 0.55% max. protein, 0.1% max. fat Toxicology: Nonhazardous Precaution: Dust explosion is possible Storage: 5 yr. min. storage life in unopened original packing in dry place free from odors, insects, and rodents Remygel 14-552-P [Remy Industries NV http://www.remy-industries.be] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, oil/fat substitute in food specialties, baby foods, sauces, soups, salad dressings, frozen foods, preserves, low-fat margarine/butter Features: Pre-cooked version of Remygel AX and AX-2 Properties: Wh. powd., neutral taste; sol. in cold water Remygel 663 [Remy Industries NV http://www.remy-industries.be] Chem. Descrip.: Modified waxy rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, oil/fat substitute in food specialties, baby foods, sauces, soups, salad dressings, frozen foods, preserves, low-fat margarine/butter, fruit preps. Features: Oven-stable, less sensitive to shear stress Properties: Wh. powd., neutral taste; 7% max. on 200 mesh; sol. in hot water; insol. in cold water; bulk dens. 0.40 g/cm3; pH 6.0-7.5 (10%); 15% max. moisture, 0.55% max. protein, 0.1% max. fat Toxicology: Nonhazardous Precaution: Dust explosion is possible Storage: 5 yr. min. storage life in unopened original packing in dry place free from odors, insects, and rodents Remygel 663-B-P [Remy Industries NV http://www.remy-industries.be] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, oil/fat substitute in food specialties, baby foods, sauces, soups, salad dressings, frozen 598

Part I: Trade Name Reference foods, preserves, low-fat margarine/butter Features: Pre-cooked version of Remygel AX and AX-2 Properties: Wh. powd., neutral taste; sol. in cold water Remyline AX-Dr [Remy Industries NV http://www.remy-industries.be] Chem. Descrip.: Native waxy rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, oil/fat substitute in food specialties, baby foods, sauces, soups, salad dressings, frozen foods, preserves, low-fat margarine/butter; when cooked, forms a smooth gel which resists freezing Properties: Wh. powd., neutral taste; 7% max. on 200 mesh; sol. in hot water; insol. in cold water; bulk dens. 0.40 g/cm3; pH 6.0-7.5 (10%); 15% max. moisture, 0.55% max. protein, 0.1% max. fat Toxicology: Nonhazardous Precaution: Dust explosion is possible Storage: 5 yr. min. storage life in unopened original packing in dry place free from odors, insects, and rodents Remyline FG-AX-P [Remy Industries NV http://www.remy-industries.be] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Binder, thickener, stabilizer, oil/fat substitute in food specialties, baby foods, sauces, soups, salad dressings, frozen foods, preserves, low-fat margarine/butter Features: Pre-cooked version of Remyline AX Properties: Wh. powd., neutral taste; sol. in cold water Resinall 622 [Resinall http://www.resinall.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Rosin ester in toluene Uses: Chewing gum base Properties: Neat resin: dens. 9.0 lb/gal; m.p. (R&B) 90 C; acid no. 8; 70% solids in toluene: Gardner 9 color; visc. (Gardner) 2 Resinogum DD [Colloides Naturels Int'l. http://www.cniworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum resin dammar purified and deodorized See Dammar CAS 9000-16-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-528-4 Uses: Stabilizer for essential oils in emulsions for flavored drinks Features: 100% natural food resin; not Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

chemically modified; dissolves rapidly at R.T. in essential oils of up to 50% conc. Properties: Yel. flakes; sp.gr. 1.04-1.08; m.p. 75125 C Resistamyl 131 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Viscosifier, bodying agent in instant prods.; texturizer in foods; suspension aid in canned prods.; improves crispiness, reduces oil uptake in batters, breadings Resistamyl 231 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Viscosifier, bodying agent in instant prods.; texturizer in foods; suspension aid in canned prods.; improves crispiness, reduces oil uptake in batters, breadings Resistamyl 310 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: crosslinked waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener in canned foods, instant cook up foods; visc. control agent, texturizer, body/mouthfeel enhancer in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Resistamyl 330 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: modifier waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Uses: Freeze/thaw stabilizer, moisture control agent, shelf-life/freshness improver, visc. control agent for bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer, visc. control agent in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings; suspension agent in canned foods Resistamyl 341 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: crosslinked, stabilized waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Visc. control agent, chill stabilizer, shelf-life improver for neutral pH canned foods; visc. control agent, body/chill stabilizer for dry mixes, soups, sauces, 599

Part I: Trade Name Reference dairy desserts; moisture control agent, texturizer, water binder, extender for meats; freeze/thaw stabilizer, shelf-life/freshness improver, visc. control agent in bakery, snacks; texturizer, stabilizer in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Resistamyl 342 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: highly crosslinked, stabilized waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Visc. control agent, body enhancer, freeze/thaw stabilizer in canned foods, soups, low pH sauces, salad dressings and relishes, fruit preparations and dairy desserts Resistamyl 343 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: highly crosslinked, stabilized waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Visc. control agent, body enhancer, freeze/thaw stabilizer in canned foods, soups, low pH sauces, salad dressings, relishes, fruit preparations and dairy desserts Resistamyl 345 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: highly crosslinked, stabilized waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Visc. control agent, body enhancer, freeze/thaw stabilizer in canned foods, soups, low pH sauces, relishes, fruit preparations and dairy desserts Resistamyl 346 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: highly crosslinked, stabilized waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Freeze/thaw stabilizer, shelflife/freshness improver, visc. control agent for bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer, freeze/thaw stabilizer, texturizer, visc. control agent for dairy; moisture control agent, texturizer, water binder, extender for meat; body/mouthfeel enhancer, shelf-life/freshness improver, stabilizer, texturizer, visc. control agent for soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Resistamyl 347 [Tate & Lyle UK Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: crosslinked, stabilized waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Freeze/thaw stabilizer, shelflife/freshness improver, visc. control agent for bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer, freeze/thaw stabilizer for dairy; texturizer, visc. control agent for dairy, fruit filling, fruit preps., jams; moisture control agent, texturizer, water binder, extender for meat; body/mouthfeel enhancer, shelflife/freshness improver, stabilizer, texturizer, visc. control agent for soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Resistamyl 348 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: crosslinked, stabilized waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Body/mouthfeel enhancer, freeze/thaw stabilizer for dairy; texturizer, visc. control agent for dairy, fruit filling, fruit preps., jams; body/mouthfeel enhancer, shelflife/freshness improver, stabilizer, texturizer, visc. control agent for soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Resistamyl 349 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: highly crosslinked, stabilized waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Uses: Body/mouthfeel enhancer, processing stabilizer, texturizer, visc. control agent for dairy; body/mouthfeel enhancer, stabilizer, texturizer, visc. control agent for soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Revel A [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Palm oil See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil Chem. Analysis: 0.05% free fatty acd CAS 8002-75-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-316-1 Uses: Structuring and stabilizing fat for peanut butter; crystallizing agent in lauric fat-based compound coatings Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix; insol. in water; capillary m.p. 140 F; iodine no. 14; peroxide no. 1.0 max.; flash pt. > 500 F Use Level: 2% in peanut butter and 1.5-3.5% in the coating fat phase Precaution: Avoid inh. of veg. mists Storage: 180 day shelf life; store @ 15-26 C in 600

Part I: Trade Name Reference area free of odors Rex® Vitamin Fortified Wheat Germ Oil [Viobin http://www.viobinusa.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat germ oil, fortified with vitamin A and vitamin D See Cholecalciferol; Ergocalciferol; Retinol; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil Uses: Nutritive ingred. Features: Nutritionally rich veg. oil contg. ≈ 6% lecithin-rich phosphatides, 4.7% unsaponifiable material rich in octacosonal, vitamin E, active tocopherols, sitosterols, and dihydrositosterol Properties: Oil Rezista® [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, shelf life extender for acidic foods which are held at high temps. for long periods, tart fruit pie fillings, glazes, baker's jellies, yogurt fruit bases Features: Cook-up starch; provides freeze/thaw stability, resist. to syneresis Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., bland flavor; pH 5.0 (uncooked); 12% moisture Rezista® 682 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: waxy cook up starch Uses: Body/mouthfeel enhancer, processing stabilizer, shelf-life/freshness improver, temp/pH/shear/freeze-thaw stabilizer, visc. control agent for soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Rezista® HV [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy Uses: Body/mouthfeel enhancer, processing stabilizer, shelf-life/freshness improver, temp/pH/shear/freeze-thaw stabilizer, visc. control agent for soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Rheodol SP-S30 [Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan tristearate CAS 26658-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4 Uses: Food additive (Japan) Features: Highly lipophilic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Japan approved food additive; JSCI compliance Properties: Grayish wh. powd.; sol. in xylene; sol. hazy in ethanol; disp. in hexane; insol. in water; m.p. 54.4 C; HLB 2.1; acid no. 12-14; sapon. no. 176-188; hyd. no. 66-80; nonionic; 100% conc. Rhodacal® DS-4 [Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Rhodia HPCII France http://www.hpcii.rhodia.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate aq. sol'n. See Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate CAS 25155-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 246-680-4 Uses: Surfactant for fruit and vegetable washing Regulatory: FDA compliance; exempt from tolerance under EPA 40CFR §180.1001(c)(e) Properties: Dk. brn. liq.; surf. tens. 32 dynes/cm (@ CMC); anionic; 22% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rats) 2.77 g/kg, (IV, mice) 105 mg/kg Rhodacal® LDS-22 [Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com] Chem. Descrip.: Linear sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate See Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate CAS 68081-81-2; EINECS/ELINCS 246-680-4 Uses: Emulsifier for fruit and vegetable washing Regulatory: FDA compliance Properties: Gardner 2 cl. liq.; visc. 200 cps; pH 7.0-8.2 (10%); surf. tens. 32 dynes/cm (@ CMC); anionic; 22.4-22.6% act. Storage: 270 day shelf life Rhodaline 202 [Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com] Chem. Descrip.: Med. m.w. sodium polyacrylate sol'n. CAS 9003-04-7 Uses: Boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180; EPA compliance Properties: Lt. straw-colored liq.; water-sol.; m.w. 60,000; sp.gr. 1.25; visc. 2000 cps; pH 8.0; anionic; 35% solids Storage: Not affected by freeze-thaw cycling; can be stored over wide temp. range; if prod. freezes, warm to 100 F and mix well before using Rhodapon® BOS [Rhodia HPCII 601

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Rhodia HPCII France http://www.hpcii.rhodia.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium 2-ethylhexylsulfate See Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate CAS 126-92-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-812-8 Uses: Surfactant for fruit and vegetable washing Features: High electrolyte tolerance Regulatory: FDA compliance Properties: Cl. liq.; visc. 50 cps; cloud pt. < 10 C; pH 9.5-10.5 (10%); surf. tens. 33 dynes/cm (@ CMC); anionic; 39-40% act. Environmental: biodeg. Rhodapon® LCP [Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium lauryl sulfate CAS 151-21-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-788-1 Uses: Surfactant for fruit coatings Features: Low cloud pt. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.822, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1630, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.1010, 178.3120, 178.3400, 179.45 Properties: Yel. cl. liq.; visc. 100 cps; pH 7.5-8.5 (10%); surf. tens. 30 dynes/cm (@ CMC); anionic; 29-30% act. Rhodapon® LSB [Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium lauryl sulfate CAS 151-21-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-788-1 Uses: Emulsifier, whipping agent, surfactant, wetting agent in foods, coatings on fresh citrus fruits Features: High-foaming Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.822, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1630, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.1010, 178.3120, 178.3400, 179.45 Properties: Pale cl. liq.; visc. 150 cps; HLB 40; cloud pt. 20 C; pH 8 (10%); anionic; 29% act. Rhodapon® SM Special [Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium lauryl sulfate CAS 151-21-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-788-1 Uses: Emulsifier, whipping agent, surfactant, wetting agent in foods, coatings on fresh citrus fruits Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.822, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1630, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.1010, 178.3120, 178.3400, 179.45 Properties: Wh. paste; pH 8; anionic; 38% act. Rhodiarome® Extra-Pure [Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodia-ppa.com/ppa/home.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Ethyl vanillin CAS 121-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-464-7 Uses: Used in combination with vanillin as a flavoring agent in food Regulatory: FEMA; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China; Europe EINECS; Japan ENCS; Philippines PICCS; South Korea; Kosher Properties: Powd.; powerful vanilla odor Toxicology: TSCA listed Rhodorsil® R-4710AC [Bluestar Silicones France] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethylpolysiloxane emulsion Uses: Antifoam for food processing Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sp.gr. 1.0; dilutable in water; visc. 400 cSt; pH 7.0; nonionic Storage: 1 yr. when stored in original, unopened container @ 2-30 C Rhodorsil® RA-4730AC [Bluestar Silicones France] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethylpolysiloxane emulsion Uses: Antifoam for food processing, fruit and juice processing Features: Highly effective in many acid or alkaline sol'ns Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR 173.340 (for conc. < 33 ppm); kosher Properties: Sp.gr. 1.0; dilutable in water; visc. 1000-2000 cSt; pH 7.0; solids 30%; nonionic Storage: 1 yr. when stored in original, unopened container @ 1-30 C Rhovanil #174 Fine Mesh [Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodia-ppa.com/ppa/home.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Vanillin CAS 121-33-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-465-2 Uses: Flavor in confectioneries by mixing it to sugar powder, chocolate powders, vanillin sugar, beverages Regulatory: FEMA; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China; Europe EINECS; Japan ENCS; Philippines PICCS; South Korea; Hallal; Kosher Properties: Powd.; vanilla odor Toxicology: TSCA listed Rhovanil #174 Free Flow [Rhodia Organics 602

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.rhodia-ppa.com/ppa/home.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Vanillin CAS 121-33-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-465-2 Uses: Flavoring agent for bakeries, confectionery, chocolate powders, beverages Features: Used where automatical dosing equipment are used, or when ingredients have to face long transport durations Regulatory: FEMA; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China; Europe EINECS; Japan ENCS; Philippines PICCS; South Korea; Hallal; Kosher Properties: Powd.; vanilla odor Toxicology: TSCA listed Rhovanil™ Extra-Pure [Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodia-ppa.com/ppa/home.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: Vanillin CAS 121-33-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-465-2 Uses: Flavor for chocolate, ice creams, soft drinks, confectioneries, and baking Regulatory: Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China; Europe EINECS; Japan ENCS; Philippines PICCS; South Korea; Hallal; Kosher Properties: Powd.; sweet, creamy, vanilla odor Toxicology: TSCA listed Riboflavin-5´-Phosphate Sodium USP, FCC [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium USP, FCC, EP CAS 130-40-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-988-6 Uses: Riboflavin source in in instant dry foods where it is essential to obtain potencies above the solubility of riboflavin Regulatory: USP Properties: Yellow to orange powd., pH (1% aq. sol'n.) 5.0-6.3; sol. in water ≈ 3g/100mL, very sl. sol. in alcohol, pract. insol. in ether, chloroform, and acetone; 75.0-79.0% (dry) assay Precaution: Incompat. with sol'ns. contg. calcium or metallic salts which form insoluble phosphates Storage: Store in dry place @ 59-86 F in tight, light-resist. containers; avoid heat and prolonged exposure to light Rice*Complete® 3 [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: 10% Rice protein, 90% rice maltodextrin (3DE) Uses: Fat mimetic, mouthfeel enhancer, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, gellant, fat/oil replacement in salad dressings, baked goods, frostings, soups, gravies, dips; adhesive for granola, nut coatings; bodying agent for beverages; moisture retention agent Features: Provides creamy texture in water; gels in cold water above 15% Properties: Creamy wh. powd., bland odor, flavor; 100% through 140 mesh; 10% rice protein, 8% max. moisture Storage: Store in cool, dry area Rice*Complete® 35 [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: 10% Rice protein, 90% rice syrup solids (25DE) Uses: Fat mimetic, mouthfeel enhancer, sweetener in baked goods, frostings, nutritional beverages; bodying agent in beverages Properties: Cream-colored powd., bland odor, flavor; 100% through 140 mesh; 10% rice protein, 8% max. moisture Storage: Store in cool, dry area RICEO™ [Tsuno Rice Fine Chems. http://www.tsuno.co.jp; Tri-K Ind. http://www.tri-k.com] Chem. Descrip.: extracted from rice bran See Rice (Oryza sativa) bran Chem. Analysis: 8.2% protein; 11.1% dietary fiber; 5.33% K; 11.1% inositol Uses: Functional food Features: Rich source of the water-soluble vitamins; GMO-free Properties: Water-sol. powd. Rice*Trin® 16 [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rice maltodextrin Uses: Bodying agent, mouthfeel enhancer, osmolality regulator, carrier for flavors and minor ingreds., bulking agent in frostings, baked goods, soups, sauces, salad dressings, coffee whiteners, confections, snacks Features: Natural; no excess sweetness Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS Properties: Creamy wh. powd., bland odor and flavor; sol. in cold or hot water Storage: Store in cool, dry area Rice*Trin® 16 Organic [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rice maltodextrin Uses: Crystallization inhibitor, bulking agent, 603

Part I: Trade Name Reference gloss aid, mouthfeel enhancer for confections, salad dressings, baked goods, coffee whiteners, nutritional beverages, soups, sauces, gravies, dips Features: Low sweetness; hypoallergenic; dustless and free-flowing; GMO-free Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 2% max. on 20 mesh; sl. sweet odor/taste; rapid sol. in cold or hot water; bulk dens. 0.55-0.66 g/cc; pH 6-7; DE 14-18; 6% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Rice*Trin® 35 [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rice syrup solids (35DE) Uses: Bodying agent, mouthfeel enhancer, osmolality regulator, sweetener, humectant for nutritional beverages, confections, snacks, baked goods Features: Natural Properties: Creamy wh. powd., bland odor and flavor; 100% through 140 mesh; sol. in cold or hot water; < 6% moisture Storage: 12 mos. when stored in cool, dry area

supplement, iron fortifier for flour Features: Provides vitamins and iron per 100 lb flour to conform with FDA 21CFR §136.115A(1) Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Yel. tablet; disp. in R.T. water; 4.984 g ferrous sulfate, 2 g niacin, 0.29 g thiamine HCl, 0.17 g riboflavin/tablet Use Level: 1 tablet/cwt flour Storage: 6 mos. storage life under cool, dry conditions Rikemal Agepet [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled monoglyceride, calcium carbonate, lecithin CAS 471-34-1; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9; 232-307-2 Uses: Defoamer in tofu processing Features: Kosher grade available Rikemal MI-1 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled monoglyceride, edible fat Uses: Emulsifier for bar ice cream Features: Helps maintain desirable firmness and texture; enhances heat shock resistance

Rice Trin® 35 Organic [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rice syrup solids Uses: Sweetener, osmolality regulator, crystallization inhibitor, opacifier for org. foods, confections, sauces, baked goods, frozen desserts, toppings, syrups, beverages, ice cream, yogurt, pudding, org. infant rehydration formulas Features: Hypoallergenic; GMO-free Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 2% max.on 20 mesh; sl. sweet odor/taste; bulk dens. 0.55-0.65 g/cc; pH 6-7; DE 33-37; 6% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in cool, dry place

Rikemal MI-2-(V) [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled monoglyceride, edible fat Uses: Emulsifier for high fat ice cream requiring exc. palate-pleasing texture and feel Features: Kosher grade available

Rice Vinegar Flavored Powder 5401 [Nikken Foods Co. Ltd. http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: fortified rice vinegar Uses: Flavoring agent in food

Rikemal MI-8(V) [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled monoglyceride, edible fat Uses: Emulsifier for bar ice cream Features: Kosher grade available; provides firmness and texture and enhances heat shock resistance

Rich-Pak® [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin, niacin, ferrous sulfate, and other edible excipients See Ferrous sulfate anhydrous; Nicotinic acid; Thiamine HCl Uses: Nutrient supplement, vitamin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Rikemal MI-3 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled monoglyceride, edible fat Uses: Emulsifier for soft ice cream Features: Provides a firm and creamy texture as well as heat shock resistance

Rikemal MM-100 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled monoglyceride, 604

Part I: Trade Name Reference caseinate, dextrose See Glucose CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Emulsifier for bread, rolls,and other bakery prods. Features: Direct blend with flour is recommended Properties: Disp. in water Use Level: 0.25-0.3% to flour weight Rikemal Super [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled monoglyceride, calcium carbonate, lecithin, and silicon dioxide See Novaculite CAS 471-34-1; 8002-43-5; 14808-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9; 232-307-2 Uses: Softener and dough improver for bakery prods. Features: Direct blend with dough is recommended; kosher grade available Use Level: 0.25-0.3% to flour weight Rikemal Y-61 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, lecithin, sorbitan fatty acid ester CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier in food Rimulsoft Super [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled monoglyceride Uses: Emulsifier; softener for bakery prods. Features: Kosher grade available; direct blend with dough is recommended Use Level: 0.25-0.3% to flour weight Riplex IF-22 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: proprietary formula with unsaturated DMG base Uses: Stabilizer-emulsifier for use in rice ice cream Features: Good maintenance of structure property and suitable for ice cream that requires to be heat shock resistant Riplex IS-10 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: proprietary formula with saturated DMG base Uses: Stabilizer-emulsifier for use in rice ice cream Features: Good melting sensation in mouth without gluey feeling; superior solubility; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

uniform quality; low cost Riplex SF-33 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: proprietary formula with unsaturated DMG base Uses: Stabilizer-emulsifier for use in sherbet Features: Appropriate overrun and good melting sensation in the mouth; promotes more efficient freezing process Rocarna [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mixt. of reducing sugars, vitamins, organic and inorganic salts Uses: Maturing agent, curing agent, pH adjuster, color retention aid, color stabilizer, rancidity inhibitor for prod. of semi-dried sausage and salami Features: Complete additive; used with Vascoferment starter cultures Properties: 5% max. moisture Use Level: 10 g Rocarna with 10 g nitrite salt/1 kg sausage mix Rockdefoam MSL-59 [Rock Chemie http://www.rockchemie.com/] Chem. Descrip.: silcone-based Chem. Analysis: 55 ± 1% solids Uses: Defoamer in food applics. Properties: Milky visc. liq.; dens. 1.055 g/cc; solid. pt. +3neutral pH; nonionic Toxicology: Not harmful Rockdefoam NUL-200 [Rock Chemie http://www.rockchemie.com/] Uses: Defoamer for the production of gelatin, potato and sugar processing Properties: Yellowish liq.; sp.gr. 0.93-0.97; visc. 200-400 cp; flash pt. 220 C; 100% act. Use Level: 50-100 ppm Toxicology: Considered to be harmless Environmental: readily biodeg.; non-toxic to aquatic life Rockdefoam SL-45 [Rock Chemie http://www.rockchemie.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Poly dimethyl siloxane Uses: Defoamer for food Features: Does not cause corrosion Properties: Milky visc. liq.; neutral pH (1:10 solv.); nonionic Toxicology: Considered to be harmless Rockdefoam SL-59 [Rock Chemie http://www.rockchemie.com/] Chem. Descrip.: silicone-based 605

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Defoamer in food applics. Properties: Milky visc. liq.; neutral pH (1:10 solv.); nonionic Toxicology: Considered to be harmless Rockdefoam SLU-120 [Rock Chemie http://www.rockchemie.com/] Chem. Descrip.: modified polydimethyl siloxane emulsion Uses: Defoamer for various stages of sugar mfg. Features: Silicon-based Properties: Milky liq.; disp. in water; pH neutral (1:10 solv.); 19-21% solids; nonionic Toxicology: Considered to be harmless Storage: Protect from freezing Rocoat® Niacinamide 331/3% [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Niacinamide USP FCC coated with mono and diglycerides of edible fatty acids and ≤ 1.5% silicon dioxide See Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Silica CAS 98-92-0; 67701-32-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202713-4 Uses: Nutrient for dry foods Features: Provides taste-free and odorless form and protects the vitamin Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Wh. relatively free-flowing powd. with some soft agglomerates, sl. char. odor, satisfactory taste; 99% min. through 20 mesh, 50% max. through 200 mesh; 32.6% assay (niacinamide) Storage: Store below 72 F Rocoat® Thiamine Mononitrate 331/3% [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Thiamine nitrate USP/FCC in inert coating of mono- and diglycerides of edible fatty acids See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 532-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 208-537-4 Uses: Nutrient for dry foods Features: Provides taste-free and odorless form and protects the vitamin Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Wh. to off-wh. relatively free-flowing powd. with some soft agglomerates, sl. odor, taste-free; 99% min. through 30 mesh, 50% max. through 200 mesh; 32.6% assay Storage: Store in a dry place @ 46-59 F

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Rolloff 100C [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable oil-based with natural emulsifiers Uses: Release agent for cake and sponge release applics., for use on pans, baking sheets, indented trays, and oven bands Features: General purpose; can be applied by brush, spray and spinning disk Rolloff 200 [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Uses: Release agent for foods Features: For applic. onto oven bands where min. applic. levels require a low visc., high efficiency system Ross Beeswax [Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com] Chem. Descrip.: Beeswax CAS 8012-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant Features: Avail. as crude, yel. refined, and wh. bleached grades Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973 Properties: Lt. taffy to deep brn. wax, char. honey odor; m.p. 62-65 C; acid no. 17-24; cloud pt. -65 C max. Ross Candelilla Wax [Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com] Chem. Descrip.: Candelilla wax See Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax CAS 8006-44-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-347-0 Uses: Chewing gum base Features: Avail. as crude and refined grades Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.320, 176.180 Properties: Grayish-green wax-like fat, aromatic odor; sp.gr. 0.977-0.982; m.p. 38-49 C; acid no. 5-24; iodine no. 2-10; sapon. no. 210-239; flash pt. 470 F min.; ref. index 1.4360 Ross Carnauba Wax [Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba (Copernicia cerifera) wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods Features: Avail. as Prime or No. 1 Yel. or No. 3 North Country grades Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1978 Properties: Flakes or powd.; sp.gr. 0.996-0.998; 606

Part I: Trade Name Reference m.p. 181.4 F min.; acid no. 2-10; iodine no. 714; sapon. no. 78-95; flash pt. 570 F min.; ref. index 1.4540 Ross Wax #100 [Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com] Chem. Descrip.: Synthetic wax CAS 8002-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Uses: Chewing gum base; protective coating on raw fruits and vegetables; defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA §172.886, 172.888 Properties: Wh. flakes; sol. hot in most solvs.; visc. 80 SUS (120 C); congeal pt. 200-210 F; acid no. nil; sapon. no. nil Royal Baking Powd. [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch, sodium aluminum phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, monocalcium phosphate See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Corn (Zea mays) starch; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic Uses: Leavening agent for cakes having a high portion of corn syrup solids or other simple sugars in place of sucrose Features: Multiple-acting Use Level: 6% max. on flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use RTU-Icing Stabilizer [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Uses: Icing stabilizer for ready-to-use donut glazes, white, chocolate, and maple icings Features: Produces high gloss icings and glazes with clean flavor and exc. eye appeal Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd. Use Level: 10% on powd. sugar Rudol® [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lt. mineral oil NF EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Binder, carrier, conditioner, defoamer, dispersant, extender, lubricant, moisture barrier, plasticizer, protective agent, softener for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3620(a) Properties: Water-wh., odorless, tasteless; sp.gr. 0.852-0.870; visc. 28-30 cSt (40 C); pour pt. -7 C; flash pt. 188 C Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Rye Sour #4 [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Conc. natural rye flavor for a distinctive rye flavor for high quality rye breads Rye Sour (Culture) [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rye flour; spices; salt; onion powd.; bacterial culture See Onion powder; Rye (Secale cereale) flour; Sodium chloride Uses: Sour, flavoring agent for rye bread Features: Tangy rye flavor; acidity from the souring organisms helps retard rope development Use Level: 5.5-6.5% based on flour wt. Storage: Recommended shelf life is 9 mos. when stored in a cool dry location; to prolong shelf stability, store under 60 F Ry-Fla-Vor [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rye flour, salt, fumaric acid, acetic acid, spices See Rye (Secale cereale) flour; Sodium chloride Uses: Flavoring agent for rye bread; flavor enhancer for wheat bread, oatmeal bread, other variety breads Features: Highly conc.; imparts a pleasing aroma and tart taste; lowers pH of finished rye bread, imparting distinct acid flavor Properties: 98% through 20 mesh; typ. rye odor; 10% moisture Use Level: 8 oz/100 lb flour (American type rye); 16 oz/100 lb flour (pumpernickel, salt rye); 24 oz/100 lb flour (Jewish rye); 6-9 oz/100 lb flour (wheat bread, oatmeal bread) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Ryoto Ester SP [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sugar ester, monoglyceride, sorbitol, propylene glycol See Sodium laureth-5 sulfate Uses: Emulsifier, batter aerating agent, stabilizer for foods, sponge and pound cake Use Level: 6% on flour (sponge cake) Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester B-100D [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol behenate See Polyglyceryl-10 behenate Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 3 607

Part I: Trade Name Reference Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester ER-60D [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol erucate See Polyglyceryl-10 erucate Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 7 Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L-7D [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol laurate See Polyglyceryl-10 laurate CAS 34406-66-1 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 16 Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L-10D [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol laurate See Polyglyceryl-10 laurate CAS 34406-66-1 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 15 Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L-20D [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol laurate See Polyglyceryl-10 laurate CAS 34406-66-1 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 13 Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester O-15D [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol oleate See Polyglyceryl-10 oleate CAS 9007-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 279-230-0 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 13 Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester S-24D [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol stearate See Polyglyceryl-10 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Properties: Solid; HLB 11-12 Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester S-28D [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol stearate See Polyglyceryl-10 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Properties: Solid; HLB 10-12

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-10D [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol stearate See Polyglyceryl-10 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Properties: Aq. paste; HLB 14-15; 40% ester, 5% ethanol, 55% water Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-15D [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol stearate in water/ethanol See Alcohol; Polyglyceryl-10 stearate Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Properties: Aq. paste; HLB 13-14; 30% ester, 5% ethanol, 65% water Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-20D [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Decaglycerol stearate in water/ethanol See Alcohol; Polyglyceryl-10 stearate Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Properties: Aq. paste; HLB 12-13; 30% ester, 5% ethanol, 65% water Ryoto Sugar Ester B-370 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose tribehenate Uses: Emulsifier, antibacterial, wetting agent, dispersant for foods; anticaking agent for hygroscopic powd. foods (spices, powd. seasonings); antisticking for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; partly sol. in propylene glycol, glycerin, liq. paraffin, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, water; m.p. 53-63 C; decomp. pt. 241 C; HLB 3; nonionic Use Level: 0.5-1.5% (spices), 0.1-0.5% (coffee whitener), 0.1-10% (shortening) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose erucate Uses: Emulsifier for foods, creams, milk beverages, confections, chewing gum; demulsifier for whipping cream, ice cream; wetting agent, dispersant for colorants; fresh fruit coating; starch complexing agent; antistaling agent; dough conditioner; aerating agent for batters; fat crystal 608

Part I: Trade Name Reference control agent in chocolate; shortening oil Properties: Liq.; odorless; tasteless; HLB 1 Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose erucate Uses: Emulsifier for foods, creams, milk beverages, confections, chewing gum; demulsifier for whipping cream, ice cream; wetting agent, dispersant for colorants; fresh fruit coating; starch complexing agent; antistaling agent; dough conditioner; aerating agent for batters; fat crystal control agent in chocolate; shortening oil Properties: Resinous; odorless; tasteless; HLB 2 Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester L-195 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose polylaurate Uses: Emulsifier for foods; antisticking for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening Properties: Waxy; odorless; tasteless; HLB 1; nonionic Use Level: 0.5-1% on flour (noodles), 0.1-0.5% (coffee whitener), 0.1-10% (shortening) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester L-595 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose dilaurate CAS 25915-57-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-345-5 Uses: Emulsifier, antibacterial, wetting agent, dispersant for foods; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening Properties: Pellet; odorless; tasteless; sol. in water, ethanol; partly sol. in glycerin; HLB 5; nonionic Use Level: 0.5-1% on flour (noodles), 0.1-0.5% (coffee whitener), 0.1-10% (shortening) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg.

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ryoto Sugar Ester L-1695 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose laurate CAS 25339-99-5; EINECS/ELINCS 246-873-3 Uses: Emulsifier, antibacterial, wetting agent, dispersant for foods; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening Properties: Pellet; odorless; tasteless; sol. in water, ethanol; partly sol. in glycerin; m.p. 3547 C; decomp. pt. 235 C; HLB 16; surf. tens. 31.6 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); nonionic Use Level: 0.5-1% on flour (noodles), 0.1-0.5% (coffee whitener), 0.1-10% (shortening) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester LWA-1570 [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose laurate, water (50%), ethanol (4%) See Alcohol Uses: O/w and w/o emulsifier, softener, conditioner, aerating agent in foods; detergent for foods, vegetable/fruit scrubbing Properties: Liq.; odorless; tasteless; HLB 15.0; nonionic; 40% conc. Use Level: 0.5-1% on flour (noodles), 0.1-0.5% (coffee whitener), 0.1-10% (shortening) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester M-1695 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose myristate CAS 27216-47-3; EINECS/ELINCS 248-340-0 Uses: Emulsifier, antibacterial, wetting agent, dispersant for foods; antiprecipitant in canned drinks; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening Properties: Pellet; sol. in water, propylene glycol, ethanol; partly sol. in glycerin; m.p. 27-40 C; decomp. pt. 243 C; HLB 16; nonionic Use Level: 0.03-0.3% (canned drinks), 0.5-1% on flour (noodles), 0.1-0.5% (coffee whitener), 0.1-10% (shortenin Ryoto Sugar Ester O-170 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose polyoleate Uses: Antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for foods, coffee whiteners, 609

Part I: Trade Name Reference shortening Properties: Liq.; odorless; tasteless; HLB 1; nonionic Use Level: 0.5-1% on flour (noodles), 0.1-0.5% (coffee whitener), 0.1-10% (shortening) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose oleate CAS 25496-92-8; EINECS/ELINCS 247-041-2 Uses: Emulsifier, antibacterial, wetting agent, dispersant for foods, vegetable/fruit scrubbing; improves dryness in ice cream; fruit coating agent; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening Properties: Pellet; sol. in water, ethanol; partly sol. in glycerin; m.p. 27-43 C; decomp. pt. 227 C; HLB 15; surf. tens. 34.5 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); Ross-Miles foam 14 mm (0.25% aq., initial); nonionic Use Level: 0.1-0.3% (ice cream), 0.5-1% on flour (noodles), 0.1-0.5% (coffee whitener), 0.1-10% (shortening) Ryoto Sugar Ester OWA-1570 [MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose oleate CAS 25496-92-8; EINECS/ELINCS 247-041-2 Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, softener, detergent for foods, vegetable/fruit scrubbing Properties: Paste; odorless; tasteless; HLB 15.0; nonionic; 40% conc. Use Level: 0.5-1% on flour (noodles), 0.1-0.5% (coffee whitener), 0.1-10% (shortening) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose palmitate CAS 26446-38-8; EINECS/ELINCS 247-706-7 Uses: Emulsifier for foods, creams, milk beverages, confections, chewing gum; demulsifier for whipping cream, ice cream; wetting agent, dispersant for colorants; fresh fruit coating; starch complexing agent; antistaling agent; dough conditioner; aerating agent for batters; fat crystal control agent in chocolate; shortening oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; HLB 1; nonionic Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose palmitate CAS 26446-38-8; EINECS/ELINCS 247-706-7 Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, softener, detergent for foods; solubilizer, dispersant for flavors; fat crystal inhibitor for fats and oils; dough strengthener; improves dryness in ice cream; fruit coating agent; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening; canned drinks Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; partly sol. in water, propylene glycol, glycerin, liq. paraffin, soybean and cottonseed oils; m.p. 4754 C; decomp. pt. 237 C; HLB 15.0; surf. tens. 35.4 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); Ross-Miles foam 15 mm (0.25% aq., initial); nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.3-1% on flour (bread), 0.1-0.3% (ice cream), 0.03-0.3% (canned drinks), 0.51% on flour (noodles) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose palmitate CAS 26446-38-8; EINECS/ELINCS 247-706-7 Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, softener, detergent for foods; solubilizer, dispersant for flavors; fat crystal inhibitor for fats and oils; dough strengthener; improves dryness in ice cream; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening; canned drinks, soy sauce Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; sol. in water; partly sol. in propylene glycol, glycerin, liq. paraffin, soybean and cottonseed oils; m.p. 40-48 C; decomp. pt. 235 C; HLB 16; surf. tens. 34.5 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); Ross-Miles foam 24 mm (0.25% aq., initial); nonionic Use Level: 0.3-1% on flour (bread), 0.1-0.3% (ice cream), 0.03-0.3% (canned drinks), 0.010.002% (soy sauce) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. 610

Part I: Trade Name Reference Ryoto Sugar Ester POS-135 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose ester of mixed fatty acid with sm. amt. of tocopherol (antioxidant) See Sucrose fatty acid esters Uses: Emulsifier for foods, esp. shortening; crystallization enhancer for solid fats, producing smooth texture and preventing separation; visc. reducer, prevents fat blooming and controls rate of crystallization in chocolates Properties: Waxy; odorless; tasteless; HLB 1 Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester S-070 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose polystearate Uses: O/w and w/o emulsifier, softener, conditioner, aerating agent in foods; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening Properties: Powd.; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.5-1% on flour (noodles), 0.1-0.5% (coffee whitener), 0.1-10% (shortening) Ryoto Sugar Ester S-170 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose di, tristearate See Sucrose polystearate Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, softener, detergent for foods; o/w emulsifier in caramels, coffee whitener, shortening, whipped toppings, ice cream, chocolate; anticaking agent in powd. foods (spices, seasonings); antifoam in soybean curd; antisticking agent for noodles Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; partly sol. in propylene glycol, glycerin, liq. paraffin, soybean and cottonseed oils; insol. in water; m.p. 51-61 C; decomp. pt. 260 C; HLB 1.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.1-0.5% (caramel, margarine), 0.20.5% (chocolate), 0.5-1.5% (spices), 0.5-1% on flour (noodles) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose di, tristearate See Sucrose polystearate Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, softener, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

detergent for foods; o/w emulsifier in caramels, margarine, coffee whiteners, shortening, chocolate, whipped toppings, ice cream; antifoam in soybean curd; antisticking agent for noodles Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; partly sol. in propylene glycol, glycerin, liq. paraffin, soybean and cottonseed oils; insol. in water; m.p. 52-61 C; decomp. pt. 253 C; HLB 2.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.1-0.5% (caramel, margarine), 0.20.5% (chocolate), 0.5-1% on flour (noodles), 0.1-10% (shortening) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose tristearate CAS 27923-63-3; EINECS/ELINCS 248-731-6 Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, softener, detergent for foods; o/w emulsifier in caramels, coffee whiteners, shortening, chocolate, whipped toppings, ice cream; antifoam in soybean curd; antisticking agent for noodles Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; partly sol. in propylene glycol, glycerin, liq. paraffin, soybean and cottonseed oils; insol. in water; m.p. 51-58 C; decomp. pt. 238 C; HLB 3; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.1-0.5% (caramel, soybean curd); 0.2-0.5% (chocolate), 0.5-1% on flour (noodles) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370F [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose tristearate CAS 27923-63-3; EINECS/ELINCS 248-731-6 Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, softener, detergent for tablet candy Features: Increases fluidity of raw materials and efficiency of filling in tableting machine; ultrafine version of S-370 Properties: Ultrafine powd.; odorless; tasteless; HLB 3; nonionic Use Level: 0.5-1.5% (tablet candy) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. 611

Part I: Trade Name Reference Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose distearate CAS 27195-16-0; EINECS/ELINCS 248-317-5 Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, softener, detergent for foods; volume improver, crumb improver in sponge cake; w/o emulsifier in caramels, chewing gum, margarine, low-fat spreads, chocolate, sugar mfg., coffee whiteners; antisticking agent for noodles; anticrystallization agent for jelly Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; partly sol. in propylene glycol, glycerin, liq. paraffin, soybean and cottonseed oils; insol. in water; m.p. 50-57 C; decomp. pt. 231 C; HLB 5.0; surf. tens. 38.1 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.3-1% (sponge cake), 0.1-0.5% (caramel), 0.2-0.5% (chocolate), 0.005-0.01% (sugar) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose distearate CAS 27195-16-0; EINECS/ELINCS 248-317-5 Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, softener, detergent for foods; volume improver, crumb improver in sponge cake; w/o emulsifier in caramels, chewing gum, coffee whiteners, shortening, chocolate, ice cream; antisticking agent for noodles; anticrystallization for jelly; syneresis preventer in puddings Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; partly sol. in propylene glycol, glycerin, liq. paraffin, soybean and cottonseed oils, water; m.p. 4960 C; decomp. pt. 233 C; HLB 7.0; surf. tens. 37.4 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); nonionic Use Level: 0.3-1% (sponge cake), 0.1-0.5% (caramel), 0.2-0.5% (chocolate), 0.1-0.3% (ice cream) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose mono, distearate See Sucrose distearate CAS 27195-16-0; EINECS/ELINCS 248-317-5 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, softener, detergent for foods; volume improver, crumb improver in sponge cake; emulsifier in caramels, chewing gum, coffee whiteners, shortening; antisticking agent for noodles; anticrystallization agent for jelly; syneresis preventer in pudding; in ice cream Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; partly sol. in propylene glycol, glycerin, liq. paraffin, soybean and cottonseed oils, water; m.p. 4956 C; decomp. pt. 234 C; HLB 9.0; surf. tens. 35.8 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.3-1% (sponge cake), 0.1-0.5% (caramel), 0.1-0.3% (ice cream), 0.1-0.5% (coffee whitener) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose stearate CAS 25168-73-4; EINECS/ELINCS 246-705-9 Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, detergent for foods; solubilizer, dispersant for flavors; dough strengthener; volume improver, crumb improver in sponge cake; fruit coating agent; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening; in ice cream, frozen foods Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; sol. in water; partly sol. in propylene glycol, glycerin, liq. paraffin, soybean and cottonseed oils; m.p. 49-55 C; decomp. pt. 234 C; HLB 15.0; surf. tens. 34.7 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); Ross-Miles foam 11 mm (0.25% aq., initial); nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.3-1% on flour (bread, sponge cake), 0.1-0.3% (ice cream), 0.2-1% (frozen foods) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670 [Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose stearate CAS 25168-73-4; EINECS/ELINCS 246-705-9 Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, detergent for foods; solubilizer, dispersant for flavors; visc. reducer in chocolate; dough strengthener; volume improver, crumb 612

Part I: Trade Name Reference improver in sponge cake; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening; in ice cream, frozen foods Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; sol. in water; partly sol. in propylene glycol, glycerin, liq. paraffin, soybean and cottonseed oils; m.p. 49-56 C; decomp. pt. 237 C; HLB 16; surf. tens. 34.7 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); Ross-Miles foam 12 mm (0.25% aq., initial); nonionic Use Level: 0.3-1% on flour (bread, sponge cake), 0.1-0.3% (ice cream), 0.2-1% (frozen foods) Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonirritating to eyes and skin Environmental: biodeg. Ry-So [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patcoadditives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Rye flour, lactic acid, monocalcium phosphate, salt, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, and dry yeast See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Rye (Secale cereale) flour; Sodium chloride Uses: Sour for rye breads and rye flour-based snacks Properties: Free-flowing powd.; pH 3.4-3.6; 7.59.5% protein SAF-119FG [Silchem http://www.silcheminc.com; Akrochem http://www.akrochem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethylsiloxane fluid with nonionic emulsifiers Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Prevents foam from forming; keeps system nonfoaming with quick knockdown; 4 cycle min. freeze/thaw stability Properties: Wh. fluid; sp.gr. ≈ 1.0; visc. 1500 cps max.; nonionic; 10% silicone Storage: Exc. stability when stored in cool area (40-80 F) in tightly closed containers; avoid freezing; avoid temps. over 115 F (will cause separation) SAF-129FG [Silchem http://www.silcheminc.com; Akrochem http://www.akrochem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethylsiloxane fluid with nonionic emulsifiers Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Prevents foam from forming; keeps system nonfoaming with quick knockdown; 4 cycle min. freeze/thaw stability Properties: Wh. fluid; sp.gr. ≈ 1.0; visc. 1500 cps max.; nonionic; 20% silicone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Exc. stability when stored in cool area (40-80 F) in tightly closed containers; avoid freezing; avoid temps. over 115 F (will cause separation) SAF-139FG [Silchem http://www.silcheminc.com; Akrochem http://www.akrochem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethylsiloxane fluid with nonionic emulsifiers Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Prevents foam from forming; keeps system nonfoaming with quick knockdown; 4 cycle min. freeze/thaw stability Properties: Wh. fluid; sp.gr. ≈ 1.0; visc. 1500 cps max.; nonionic; 30% silicone Storage: Exc. stability when stored in cool area (40-80 F) in tightly closed containers; avoid freezing; avoid temps. over 115 F (will cause separation) Sag 100 [GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone compd. Uses: Antifoam for edible oil processing, jam/jelly/sauce mfg., food frying, hog scalding, feed supplement mfg. Features: Food grade, autoclavable Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 176.170, 176.180; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; CERCLA nonreportable; SARA nonreportable; MA Right-to-Know nonreportable; PA Right-to-Know nonreportable; NJ Right-to-Know reportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan ENCS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS; Europe EINECS Properties: Translucent liq.; mild odor; sp.gr. 0.988; vapor dens. > 1; vapor pressure < 1.33 hPa; m.p. < -50 C; b.p. > 150 C; flash pt. 207 C; evaporation rate < 1 Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: prevent runoff Precaution: Use protective gloves, glasses Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, oxides of silicon HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Sag 710 [GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone and silica Uses: Antifoam for beverage mfg., whey processing, dehydration/evap./extraction processes, meat/poultry processing, 613

Part I: Trade Name Reference washing/pkg. operations (eggs, vegetables, seafood), ethanol fermentation, flavorings mfg. Features: Food-grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105 Properties: Disp. in water; 10% act. Sag 720 [GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for beverage mfg., whey processing, dehydration/evap./extraction processes, meat/poultry processing, washing/pkg. operations (eggs, vegetables, seafood), ethanol fermentation, flavorings mfg. Features: Food-grade Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105; USDA approved; CERCLA nonreportable; SARA nonreportable; MA Right-to-Know reportable (hydrogen chloride); NJ Right-to-Know reportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan ENCS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Opaque wh. liq.; mild odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.01; vapor dens > 1; vapor pressure < 26.6 hPa; m.p. 0 C; b.p. > 100 C; evaporation rate < 1; 20% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Use protective gloves and glasses Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, oxides of silicon HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Sag 730 [GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silica filled polydimethylsiloxane (< 35%) and proprietary additives (< 10%) in water Uses: Defoamer for beverage mfg., whey processing, dehydration/evap./extraction processes, meat/poultry processing, washing/pkg. operations (eggs, vegetables, seafood), ethanol fermentation, flavorings mfg. Features: Food-grade Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1640(b); BATF 27CFR §240.1051; USDA approved; CERCLA nonreportable; SARA nonreportable; MA Right-to-Know reportable (hydrogen chloride); PA Right-to-Know nonreportable; NJ Right-to-Know reportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan ENCS; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS; Europe EINECS Properties: Opaque wh. liq.; mild odor; disp. in water; sp.gr. 1.007; vapor dens > 1; vapor pressure < 26.6 hPa; m.p. 0 C; b.p. > 100 C; evaporation rate < 1; 30% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Use protective gloves and glasses Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, oxides of silicon HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Sag 770 [GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silica filled polydimethylsiloxane (< 15%) and proprietary additives (< 30%) in water Uses: Foam control agent in snack food processing, ethanol fermentation, vegetable washing, beverage processing Features: Food grade emulsion used to control protein or starch stabilized foam; provides rapid knockdown of existing foams; exc. durability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1640(b); USDA approved Properties: Opaque wh. liq.; mild odor; disp. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; vapor dens > 1; vapor pressure < 26.6 hPa; m.p. 0 C; b.p. > 100 C; evaporation rate < 1 Precaution: Use protective gloves, glasses; prevent runoff Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, oxides of silicon Sag 5693 [GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com] Uses: Antifoam for sugar beet processing, in mold, fungal, and yeast fermentation Features: Food grade; combines foam control with low oxygen suppression; autoclavable Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340 Properties: Sol. in lard, soybean, and vegetable oils; disp. in water SAIB-SG [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose acetate isobutyrate, special grade CAS 126-13-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-771-6 Uses: Clouding agent for clear liqs., for use in food drinks except in U.S. Features: Good thermal, UV, and hydrolytic stability Regulatory: Kosher 614

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Gardner < 1 visc. liq., low odor; sol. in most alcohols, veg. oils, flavoring oils, animal fats, veg.-based waxes; m.w. 832-856; sp.gr. 1.146; dens. 9.55 lb/gal; visc. 100,000 cP (30 C); dec. pt. 288 C; flash pt. (COC) 260 C; ref. index 1.454 (20 C) Use Level: 50-500 ppm (various countries except U.S.) Storage: Warm drum contents to 25-40 C for ease of handling Salioca 05330 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maize starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 11.0% moisture; 0.4% ash CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Bodying agent and viscosifier for food systems requiring low hot viscosity and firm body such as salad dressings, institutional pack dressings and as a dressing base Features: Dressings exhibit very firm body; thin hot paste viscosity; low initial viscosity increases ease of forming emulsion; high setback on storage; exc. acid, heat and shear stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 49 lbs/ft3; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Salioca 06436 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Maize starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 11.0% moisture; 0.4% ash CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Bodying agent and viscosifier for food systems requiring heavy with a tender gel body such as spoonable dressings, Bavarian creams, puddings, and as a dressing base Features: Dressings are heavy bodied and creamy; thin hot paste visc.; provides acid, heat and shear stability; tolerates a wide range of process conditions; adaptable to a range of formulation variables; good shelf-life stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bulk dens. (packed) 49 lbs/ft3; pH 5.5 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Excessive dusting is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Salioca™ 06758 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Modified Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Chem. Analysis: 10.0% moisture; 10 ppm max. SO2 CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Bodying agent and viscosifier for food systems requiring heavy with a tender gel body such as spoonable dressings, Bavarian creams, puddings, and as a dressing base Features: Short, creamy texture; moderate setback; exc. processing and shelf stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Particle size 2.0% thru 100 mesh; bulk dens. (packed) 42 lbs/ft3; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flamm. and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Salivation Enhancer, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor to impart succulence, cause salivation Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Yel. to amber liq.; over ripe fruit taste; sol. in water, alcohol, oil, PG Use Level: 1-10 ppm Salt Enhancer, Natural, Kosher [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Chem. Analysis: 11% sodium Uses: Flavor enhancer for use with potassium chloride and/or sodium chloride to amplify salty taste; to remove aftertaste of potassium Features: Does not replacer salt; naturally occurring Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Wh. powder; salty taste; sol. in water Use Level: 0.1% in dry form Sammi Gelatine [Sammi Ind. Co. Ltd http://www.sammi-gelatin.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gelatin KP, USP/NF, JP, BP 615

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 9000-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-554-6 Uses: Gellant, thickener, film-former, protective colloid, adhesive agent, stabilizer, emulsifier, foaming agent, whipping agent, beverage fining agent for foods Properties: 12 mesh; visc. 23-46 mps; pH 5.05.5; < 12% loss on drying Santicizer® 141 [Ferro/Polymer Addit. http://www.ferro.com] Chem. Descrip.: 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (91-93%) See Diphenyl octyl phosphate CAS 1241-94-7 Uses: Plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA reportable; FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 181.27 compliant Properties: APHA 40 max. cl. oily liq.; odorless; m.w. 362; b.p. 239 C; sol. 0.003% in water; sp.gr. 1.088-1.093; dens. 9.1 lb/gal; visc. 16.4 cSt; pour pt. -54 C; ref. index 1.507-1.510; flash pt. (COC) 435 F; fire pt. (COC) 460 F; 43 phr in PVC sheet: tens. str. 2930 psi; tens. elong. 320%; hardness (Shore A) 84; VOC 2.5% Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 15,800 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 7940 mg/kg; causes skin irritation; elev. processing temps. may release toxic vapors which are harmful if inh.; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (fathead minnow, 96 h) 14 mg/l, (rainbow trout, 96 h) 15 mg/l; harmful; EC50 (daphnia magna, 48 h) 0.15 mg/l, (algae, 48 h) 0.2 mg/l; toxic Santone® 3-1-SH [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-3 stearate CAS 37349-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 248-403-2 Uses: Emulsifier; aerating agent for lipid systems; solubilizer; color/flavor dispersant in water Properties: Cream bead; m.p. 128-130 F; HLB 7.2; sapon. no. 122-139; nonionic; 27-34% total mono- and diglycerides Santone® 3-1-S XTR [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Triglyceryl stearate See Polyglyceryl-3 stearate CAS 37349-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 248-403-2 Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent, whipping agent for foods, nonaq. lipid systems in bakery, dairy, and confectionery applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; kosher Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. bead; m.p. 125-135 F; drop pt. 52-56 C; HLB 6.9; acid no. 8 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 130-145; hyd. no. 300-350; nonionic Storage: Store sealed in cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances; 1 yr. storage life at 40-80 F Santone® 8-1-O [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-8 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 Uses: Emulsifier, visc. reducer for foods, protein systems; emulsion stabilizer in ice cream toppings; direct replacement for polysorbates (1:1); in whipped toppings; clouding agent for beverages; color and flavor dispersant; gloss aid in compound coatings; wetting agent for proteins and cocoa powd. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; kosher Properties: Amber liq.; visc. 16,000 cps (50 C); HLB 13.0; acid no. 5 max.; iodine no. 30-40; sapon. no. 75-85; hyd. no. 460-520; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.1-0.45% (whipped toppings), 0.10.4% (protein), 0.1-1% (beverages), 0.5-1% (ice cream toppings), 2% fat basis (compd. coatings) Storage: Store sealed in cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances; 1 yr. storage life at 40-95 F; stir well Santone® 10-10-0 [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglycerol-10 decaoleate See Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate CAS 11094-60-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-316-7 Uses: Food emulsifier; solubilizer; emulsion stabilizer; dispersant aid in flavors and colors; antifoam in sugar-protein syrups; emulsifier, lubricant, stabilizer in chilled and frozen foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; kosher Properties: Lovibond 4.0R max. liq.; visc. 88 cps (50 C); HLB 2.0; acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 65-80; sapon. no. 165-180; hyd. no. 25-45; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.5-1% (colors/flavors), 0.5-1% (emulsion stabilizer), 0.05% (antifoam) Storage: Store sealed in cool, dry place away from odor-producing substances; 1 yr. storage life at 40-90 F SAPP-NL [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate 616

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Emulsion stabilizer; improves flavor and texture in hot dogs and lunch meats; pH control agent and sequestrant in icings and frostings; protein modifier in processed meats; emulsifier in cheese processing; prevents darkening in processed potatoes Features: For products that require a long production cycle, long bench tolerance or long storage life Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh., free-flowing powd.; odorless; tasteless SAPP 26 [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Leavening acid for powder, cake mixes, refrigerated or frozen dough and cake doughnuts; emulsifier, formulation aid, humectant, pH control agent, acidulant, buffering agent, coagulant, dispersing agent, protein modifier, processing aid, sequestrant, stabilizer and thickener, synergist, and texturizer Features: Food grade; slow-reacting, med. reactivity grade; used is in products that require a long production cycle, long bench tolerance or long storage life Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Wh., free-flowing powd.; odorless; tasteless; 93% through 200 mesh; sol. 15 g/100 g water; m.w. 221.9; bulk dens. 65 lb/ft3; 98.3% assay SAPP 28 [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Double-acting leavening agent for baked goods; slow-med. reactivity; general purpose leavening acid and major component of commercial baking powds., prepared mixes, bakery cakes; emulsifier, formulation aid, humectant, pH control agent, acidulant, buffering agent, coagulant, dispersing agent, protein modifier, processing aid, sequestrant, stabilizer and thickener, synergist, and texturizer Features: All-purpose; delayed gas release is especially suited to institutional and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

commercial baking of large batches Regulatory: FCC, kosher Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; odorless; tasteless; 93% through 200 mesh; sol. 15 g/100 g water; m.w. 221.9; bulk dens. 65 lb/ft3; 98.5% assay SAPP #4 [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate Chem. Analysis: 93.0% min. assay CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Leavening acid for refrigerated biscuits and other products requiring a slow reaction rate Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §182.1087; FCC; kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; 1% max. thru #100 mesh, 15% max. thru #200 mesh; sol. in water; m.p. > 900 C; pH 3.8-4.5 @ 1 wt/wt%; 100% act. Toxicology: OSHA:TWA 2.5 mg/m3 (total dust); LD50 (oral, mouse) 2650 mg/kg; eye irritant; sl. irritant to skin; may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid dusting conditions, sparks, heat, open flame, static electricity, strong bases and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: POx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in cool, dry area SAPP 40 [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Double-acting leavening agent for baked goods; fastest grade in which 40% of avail. acidity released initially during mixing; used alone or in combination for machined cake donuts and prepared mixes; emulsifier, formulation aid, humectant, pH control agent, acidulant, buffering agent, coagulant, dispersing agent, protein modifier, processing aid, sequestrant, stabilizer and thickener, synergist, and texturizer Regulatory: FCC, kosher Properties: Wh., free-flowing powd.; odorless; tasteless SAPP 43 [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate 617

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Leavening acid for baking powder, cake mixes, refrigerated or frozen dough and cake doughnuts; emulsifier, formulation aid, humectant, pH control agent, acidulant, buffering agent, coagulant, dispersing agent, protein modifier, processing aid, sequestrant, stabilizer and thickener, synergist, and texturizer Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh., free-flowing powd.; odorless; tasteless SAPP RD-1 [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Leavening acid for baking powder, cake mixes, refrigerated or frozen dough and cake doughnuts; emulsifier, formulation aid, humectant, pH control agent, acidulant, buffering agent, coagulant, dispersing agent, protein modifier, processing aid, sequestrant, stabilizer and thickener, synergist, and texturizer Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh., free-flowing powd.; odorless; tasteless Satin Sweet® 55% Maltose Corn Syrup [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High maltose (57%) corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Moisture 18-20%; sulfated ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 2 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods (dairy, brewing, confectionery) Features: Near absence of sodium and sulfur dioxide Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR §184.1865 Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4194 (100/60 F); dens. 11.83 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 25,500 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4938 (45 C); pH 4.0 (1:1); 81% total solids Satin Sweet® 65% Maltose Corn Syrup [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High maltose (65%) corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Moisture 18-20%; sulfated ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 2 ppm max. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods (ice cream, table syrups, confectionery) Features: Near absence of sodium and sulfur dioxide Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR §184.1865 Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4174 (100/60 F); dens. 11.82 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 25,500 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4929 (45 C); pH 4.3 (1:1); 81% total solids Satin Sweet® 70% Maltose Corn Syrup [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High maltose (70%) corn syrup Chem. Analysis: Moisture 18-20%; sulfated ash 0.05% max.; sulfur dioxide 2 ppm max. CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener for foods (ice cream, table syrups, confectionery) Features: Near absence of sodium and sulfur dioxide Regulatory: GRAS 21CFR §184.1865 Properties: Cl. liq.; char. odor; sweet, bland taste; sp.gr. 1.4169 (100/60 F); dens. 11.81 lb/gal (100 F); visc. 25,500 cps (80 F); ref. index 1.4927 (45 C); pH 4.0 (1:1); 81% total solids Savorkey® [DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com] Uses: Flavoring agent that produce chicken and beef profiles Storage: 18 mos. shelf life SC-5050 [Calumet Lubricants http://www.calumetlubricants.com] Chem. Descrip.: Paraffin wax CAS 8002-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Uses: Chewing gum base Properties: Saybolt color +30; 37.0 SUS @ 210 F; m.p. 124.5 F SC-5051 [Calumet Lubricants http://www.calumetlubricants.com] Chem. Descrip.: Paraffin wax CAS 8002-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Uses: Chewing gum base; protective coating on fruits and vegetables; defoamer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.886, 178.3710 Properties: Saybolt color +30; 37.0 SUS @ 210 F; m.p. 124.5 F

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Scogin™ HV [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Thickener, water binder, emulsion stabilizer, suspending agent, gellant, filmformer for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Japan ENCS (8-237); Korea (KE00492); Philippines PICCS Properties: Ivory colored granular powd.; 30 mesh; almost odorless; sol. in water; visc. 130 cps (0.5%), 800 cps (1%), 10,000 cps (2%), 75,000 (3%); pH 6.5-8.5 (1% aq.sol'n.); autoignition temp. > 200 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) 4.72 mg/l; ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable particulate), 3 mg/m3 (respirable particulate); TSCA listed Environmental: BOD(5) ≈ 400 mg O2/g; COD ≈ 650 mg O2 g; biodeg. Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers, high temps., high humidity HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Avoid exposure to extreme heat Scogin™ LV [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Thickener, water binder, emulsion stabilizer, suspending agent, gellant, filmformer for foods; flavor enhancer Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Japan ENCS (8-237); Korea (KE00492); Philippines PICCS Properties: Ivory colored granular powd.; 40 mesh; almost odorless; sol. in water; visc. 20 cps (0.5%), 60 cps (1%), 600 cps (2%), 3500 (3%); pH 6.5-8.5 (1% aq.sol'n.); autoignition temp. > 200 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) 4.72 mg/l; ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable particulate), 3 mg/m3 (respirable particulate); TSCA listed Environmental: BOD(5) ≈ 400 mg O2/g; COD ≈ 650 mg O2 g; biodeg. Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers, high temps., high humidity NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

container; avoid exposure to extreme heat Scogin™ MV [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Thickener, water binder, emulsion stabilizer, suspending agent, gellant, filmformer for foods; flavor enhancer Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Japan ENCS (8-237); Korea (KE00492); Philippines PICCS Properties: Ivory colored granular powd.; 30 mesh; almost odorless; sol. in water; visc. 80 cps (0.5%), 400 cps (1%), 5000 cps (2%), 30,000 (3%); pH 6.5-8.5 (1% aq.sol'n.); autoignition temp. > 200 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) 4.72 mg/l; ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable particulate), 3 mg/m3 (respirable particulate); TSCA listed Environmental: BOD(5) ≈ 400 mg O2/g; COD ≈ 650 mg O2 g; biodeg. Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet; incompat. with strong oxidizers, high temps., high humidity NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 SeaFresh™ 10 [FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com] Chem. Descrip.: Long chain polyphosphate Chem. Analysis: 0.1% insol. substances Uses: Protein denaturation inhibitor, dehydration inhibitor for frozen shrimps Features: High viscosity at working temps. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC grade Properties: Cl., colorless, odorless liq.; sp. gr. 1.53-1.55; visc. 70 cp; pH (1% sol'n.) 6.5-7.2 solid. pt. -11.5 C Toxicology: Sl. irritant to eyes and skin SeaFresh™ 50 [FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com] Chem. Descrip.: Long chain polyphosphate Chem. Analysis: 0.1% insol. substances Uses: Protein denaturation inhibitor, dehydration inhibitor for frozen shrimps Features: High viscosity at working temps. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC grade Properties: Cl., colorless, odorless liq.; sp. gr. 1.53-1.55; visc. 70 cp; pH (1% sol'n.) 6.5-7.2 solid. pt. -11.5 C Toxicology: Sl. irritant to eyes and skin

619

Part I: Trade Name Reference SeaGel® DP 437 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, dextrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose CAS 9000-07-1; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232524-2; 200-075-1 Uses: Viscosifier for foodstuffs, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: DOT not regulated; CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. 10% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: Low oral, dermal and inh. toxicity; nonirritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet; accumulation of overhead settled dust may form explosive concentrations in air when disturbed and dispersed NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container SeaGel® FL 644L [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, dextrose, locust bean gum See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-07-1; 50-99-7; 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 200-075-1; 232541-5 Uses: Viscosifier for foodstuffs, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: DOT not regulated; CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. 10% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 7.0-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: Low oral, dermal and inh. toxicity; nonirritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet; accumulation of overhead settled dust may form explosive concentrations in air when disturbed and dispersed NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container SeaGel® GP 713 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, dextrose, sodium chloride See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose CAS 9000-07-1; 50-99-7; 7647-14-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 200-075-1; 231598-3 Uses: Viscosifier for foodstuffs, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: DOT not regulated; CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. 10% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 7.0-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet; accumulation of overhead settled dust may form explosive concentrations in air when disturbed and dispersed NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container SeaGel® PS 182 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenanand dextrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose CAS 9000-07-1; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232524-2; 200-075-1 Uses: Viscosifier for food, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: DOT not regulated; CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. 10% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) 620

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable PNOC), 3 mg/m3 (respirable PNOC); may be irritating to eyes and skin; low oral, dermal and inh. toxicity; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container SeaGel® XP 3428 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Konjac flour, modified corn starch, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium; Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 37220-17-0; 9005-25-8; 9004-34-6; 900432-4; EINECS/ELINCS 253-404-6; 232-679-6; 232-674-9 Uses: Gellant, viscosifier for foodstuffs, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §311 Acute Health Hazard; Canada DSL Properties: Lt. tan to tan powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. 12% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 5.0-7.5 Toxicology: Respiratory sensitizer; nonirritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: NOx and SOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container SeaGel® XP 3611 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, dextrose, potassium chloride See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose CAS 9000-07-1; 50-99-7; 7447-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 200-075-1; 231211-8 Uses: Viscosifier for food, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: DOT not regulated; CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. 10% max. in water; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 7.0-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin; nonsensitizing to the skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Precaution: Becomes slippery when wet NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container SeaKem® CM-611 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: carrageenan and dextrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose CAS 9000-07-1; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232524-2; 200-075-1 Uses: Fat replacement system for fluid milk Features: Provides mouthfeel and body; prevents whey separation Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water (10% max. by wt.); pH 6.0 - 10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: Irritating to the eyes and skin; nonsensitizing to the skin Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: SOx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in cool, dry place SeaKem® GP-418 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan and dextrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose CAS 9000-07-1; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232524-2; 200-075-1 Uses: Fat replacement system for nonfat pasteurized processed cheese; provides creamy mouthfeel, loaf structure, sliceability, smoothness, opacity; enhances flavor; reduces rubber texture Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water (12% max. by wt.); pH 6.0 - 10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: Nonirritating to the eyes and skin; nonsensitizing to the skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Precaution: Slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: SOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 621

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in cool, dry place SeaKem® IC-611 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: carrageenan and dextrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose CAS 9000-07-1; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232524-2; 200-075-1 Uses: Fat replacement system for hard-pack and soft-serve frozen desserts, frozen yogurt; provides creamy mouthfeel, ice crystal control, improved extrudability, and control of whey separation Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water (12% max. by wt.); pH 6.0 - 10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: Nonirritating to the eyes and skin; nonsensitizing to the skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity to aquatic organisms Precaution: Slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: SOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in cool, dry place SeaKem® IC-912 [FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com] Chem. Descrip.: carrageenan and dextrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose CAS 9000-07-1; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232524-2; 200-075-1 Uses: Fat replacement system for hard-pack frozen desserts, frozen yogurt; provides creamy mouthfeel, ice crystal control, foam stability, improved extrudability and meltdown, and control of whey separation Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water (10% max. by wt.); sp. gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0 - 10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: Irritating to the eyes and skin; nonsensitizing to the skin; noncarcinogenic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: SOx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in cool, dry place Seenox DL [Shipro Kasei Kaisha http://www.shipro.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Didodecyl thiodipropionate See Dilauryl thiodipropionate CAS 123-28-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-615-1 Uses: Preservative for foods; antioxidant Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 181.24, 182.3280 Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 514.9; m.p. 39-42 C; < 0.1% ash Seenox DS [Shipro Kasei Kaisha http://www.shipro.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Dioctadecyl thiodipropionate See Distearyl thiodipropionate CAS 693-36-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-750-5 Uses: Antioxidant migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 181.24 Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 683.2; m.p. 61-64 C; < 0.1% ash Seesorb 202 [Shipro Kasei Kaisha http://www.shipro.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: 4-t-Butylphenyl salicylate See p-t-Butylphenyl salicylate CAS 87-18-3 Uses: Plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 181.27 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; m.w. 270.3; m.p. 62-65 C; < 0.1% ash Serdas® GLN [Elementis Spec. Europe] Chem. Descrip.: Surfactants in mineral oil Uses: Defoamer for sugar processing Properties: Disp. in water Servit® Range [Cognis http://www.cognis.de] Chem. Descrip.: Citric acid esters of mono and diglycerides of fatty acids with other emulsifiers See Citric acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Food emulsifier for mfg. of instant dry yeast for baked goods Sethness AP100 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sulfite and ammonia process caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (baked goods, flavors, seasonings, sauces, beverages, candy, cereals, chocolate, soup, textured protein, vinegar) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150d; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Dk. brn. liq.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.31571.3206 (60 F); dens. 10.95-11.00 lb/gal (60 F); flash pt. > 100 C; pH 2.8-3.1; 100% act. Use Level: 1.0% in candy and licorice 622

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD Hazardous Ingredients: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, dry environment, ≤ 33 C; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation Sethness OC90 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (beverages, flavors, seasonings, sauces, cereals, dairy, soup, textured protein, vinegar) Features: Organic and non-GMO Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150a; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Dk. brn. liq.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.3111.330 (60 F); dens. 10.93-11.08 lb/gal (60 F); flash pt. > 100 C; pH 3.5-5.0; 100% act. Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD Hazardous Ingredients: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 1 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, dry environment, ≤ 33 C; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation Sethness OC234 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caramel color See Caramel Chem. Analysis: 4.0% max. moisture CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (beverages, flavors, seasonings, sauces, cereals, dairy, soup, textured protein, vinegar) Features: Organic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150a; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Amorphous dk.-brn. powd.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; particle size 90% min. thru #100 U.S.S. Sieve; completely sol. in water; pH 6.0-7.5 (1% sol'n.); hygroscopic; 100% act. Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD Precaution: Class I dust hazard Storage: 1 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, dry environment, ≤ 90 F; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation Sethness P060 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ammonia process caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (beverages, flavors, seasonings, sauces, cereals, dairy, soup, textured protein, vinegar) Features: Positively charged, low sulfite Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150c; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Dk. brn. liq.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.3241.336 (60 F); dens. 11.02-11.13 lb/gal (60 F); flash pt. > 100 C; pH 4.5-5.5; 100% act. Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD Hazardous Ingredients: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, dry environment, ≤ 33 C; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation Sethness P170 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ammonia process caramel color CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (protein drinks, flavors, seasonings, sauces, cereals, dairy, soup, textured protein, vinegar) Features: Positively charged, low sulfite Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150c; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Dk. brn. liq.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.37571.3809 (60 F); dens. 11.46-11.50 lb/gal (60 F); flash pt. > 100 C; pH 3.8-4.1; 100% act. Use Level: 0.4% in protein drinks Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD 623

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Ingredients: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, dry environment, ≤ 33 C; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation Sethness P212 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ammonia process caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (beverages, flavors, seasonings, sauces, cereals, dairy, soup, textured protein, vinegar) Features: Positively charged, low sulfite Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150c; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Dk. brn. liq.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.32661.3340 (60 F); dens. 11.05-11.11 lb/gal (60 F); flash pt. > 100 C; pH 4.1-4.7; 100% act. Use Level: 0.4% in protein drinks Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD Hazardous Ingredients: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, dry environment, ≤ 33 C; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation Sethness RT80 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sulfite process Caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (beverages, flavors, seasonings, sauces, cereals, dairy, soup, textured protein, vinegar) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150b; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Liq.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.250-1.283 (60 F); dens. 10.46-10.73 lb/gal (60 F); flash pt. > 100 C; pH 5.30-6.30; 100% act. Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD Hazardous Ingredients: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, dry environment, ≤ 33 C; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation Sethness RT120 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sulfite and ammonia process caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (baked goods, flavors, seasonings, sauces, beverages, candy, cereals, chocolate, soup, textured protein, vinegar) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150d; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Red-toned liq.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.323-1.328 (60 F); dens. 11.02-11.06 lb/gal (60 F); flash pt. > 100 C; pH 3.7-4.0; 100% act. Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD Hazardous Ingredients: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, dry environment, ≤ 33 C; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation Sethness SB115 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sulfite and ammonia process caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (baked goods, flavors, seasonings, sauces, beverages, candy, cereals, chocolate, soup, textured protein, vinegar) Features: Non-GMO spirit caramel color Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150d; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Liq.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.295-1.343 (60 F); dens. 10.81-11.21 lb/gal (60 F); flash pt. > 100 C; pH 3.00-4.00; 100% act. Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD Hazardous Ingredients: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, 624

Part I: Trade Name Reference dry environment, ≤ 33 C; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation Sethness SP50 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ammonia process caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (baked goods, flavors, seasonings, sauces, soup, textured protein) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150c; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Dk. brn. liq.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.32661.3340 (60 F); dens. 11.05-11.11 lb/gal (60 F); flash pt. > 100 C; pH 3.7-4.2; 100% act. Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD Hazardous Ingredients: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, dry environment, ≤ 33 C; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation Sethness SSC300 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (beverages, flavors, seasonings, sauces, cereals, dairy, soup, textured protein, vinegar) Features: Non-GMO Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150a; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Liq.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.250-1.283 (60 F); dens. 10.46-10.73 lb/gal (60 F); flash pt. > 100 C; pH 5.30-6.30; 100% act. Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD Hazardous Ingredients: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, dry environment, ≤ 33 C; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sethness YT25 [Sethness Prods. http://www.sethness.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caramel color See Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 Uses: Colorant for foods (beverages, flavors, seasonings, sauces, cereals, dairy, soup, textured protein, vinegar) Features: No ammonia or sulfite reactants Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 182.1235; E150a; European Directives 94/36/EC, 95/45/EC Properties: Yel.-toned liq.; char. bitter burnt sugar taste; completely sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.376-1.381 (60 F); dens. 11.45-11.50 lb/gal (60 F); flash pt. > 100 C; pH 3.9-4.4; 100% act. Toxicology: No known acute or chronic health hazards Environmental: may contribute to BOD and COD Hazardous Ingredients: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life when stored in cool, dry environment, ≤ 33 C; high temp. storage accelerates product degradation SF18-350 [GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethicone fluid CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Lubricant, antifoam, mold release agent for foods; antifoam in fermentation, corn oil mfg., deep-fat frying Regulatory: FDA compliance Properties: Water-wh. cl. oily liq., tasteless, odorless; disp. in org. solvs.; sp.gr. 0.973; dens. 8.0 lb/gal; visc. 350 cs; pour pt. -58 F; flash pt. (PMCC) 204 C; ref. index 1.4030 Sheffield Brand Anhydrous Lactose NF [Kerry Bio-Science/Sheffield Prods. http://www.sheffield-products.com; http://www.kerrygroup.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactose NF CAS 63-42-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-559-2 Uses: Nutrient, multifunctional ingred. in infant formulas, geriatric, dietetic, and health foods Properties: Wh. to creamy free-flowing powd.; two grades with various particle sizes (Direct Tableting, 60 M); sol. 40 g/100 ml in water; m.w. 342.3; 0.11% max. moisture Storage: Nonhygroscopic; 12 mos. min. shelf life for unopened pkgs.; store in cool, dry area in 625

Part I: Trade Name Reference closed containers Sheffield Brand Lactose Monohydrate NF [Kerry Bio-Science/Sheffield Prods. http://www.sheffield-products.com; http://www.kerrygroup.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lactose monohydrate NF CAS 10039-26-6 Uses: Nutrient, multifunctional ingred. in infant formulas, geriatric, dietetic, and health foods Properties: Wh. to creamy free-flowing powd.; three grades with various particle sizes (80 M, Capsulating, Impalpable); sol. 20 g/100 ml in water; 0.5% max. moisture Storage: Nonhygroscopic; 12 mos. min. shelf life for unopened pkgs.; store in cool, dry area in closed containers Shellsol® D100S [Shell Netherlands] Chem. Descrip.: Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated light CAS 64742-47-8; EINECS/ELINCS 265-149-8 Uses: Solvent for food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.884, 178.3650; BgVV compliant Properties: Low odor; m.w. 206; dens. 0.797 kg/l (15 C); visc. 3.2 mm2/s; vapor pressure 0.003 kPa (20 C); i.b.p. 238 C; pour pt. -26 C; flash pt. 105 C; autoignition temp. 232 C; KB value 26; surf. tens. 28 mN/m (20 C); dielec. const. 2.1 (20 C) Precaution: LEL 0.5 vol.% (100 C); UEL 5.5 vol.% (150 C) Storage: 12 mos. min. shelf life under proper storage Shellsol® Heptane [Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com] Chem. Descrip.: Heptane (C7) CAS 64742-89-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-563-8 Uses: Solvent for protective coatings on citrus fruits Features: Hydrotreated; hydrotreating removes unwanted compds. (e.g., sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen), converts unsat. hydrocarbons (olefins, acetylenes, aromatics), results in relatively low odor; exc. for recycling; no more than trace amts. of HAPs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.250; SARA nonreportable Properties: Saybolt 30 min color; sp.gr. 0.695 (60/60 F); vapor pressure 41 mm Hg (68 F); i.b.p. 189 F min.; distillation range 194-208 F; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flash pt. 7 F; KB value 32 min.; VOC 5.71 lb/gal; 91.2 vol.% paraffins, 8.8 vol.% cycloparaffins Shellsol® W HT [Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com] Chem. Descrip.: Solvent naphtha (petroleum), light aliphatic See Naphtha, light aliphatic CAS 64742-89-8; EINECS/ELINCS 265-192-2 UN 1268 Uses: Solvent for protective coatings on citrus fruits Features: High solvency; hydrotreating removes unwanted compds. (e.g., sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen), converts unsat. hydrocarbons (olefins, acetylenes, aromatics), results in relatively low odor; no more than trace amts. of HAPs; high cycloparaffin content Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.250; SARA §311/131 acute health/chronic health/fire hazard; Calif. Prop. 65 reportable [toluene (0.2%)] Properties: Lt. colored liq.; low hydrocarbon odor; negligible sol. in water; m.w. 101; sp.gr. 0.734 (60/60 F); vapor pressure 41 mm Hg (68 F); i.b.p. 205 F min.; b.p. 210-234 F; flash pt. 7 C; KB value 32 min.; VOC 6.1 lb/gal (60 F) Toxicology: If aspirated, can cause severe lung damage, chem. pneumonitis; may be fatal if swallowed; may cause CNS depression (dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, nausea, incoordination, unconsciousness, death); may cause eye irritation/temporary discomfort, skin irritation, burning sensation, defatting; chronic exposure may cause hearing loss; chronic abuse may cause irregular heart rhythms, cardiac arrest; target organs: heart, auditory system; TSCA listed Environmental: prevent entry into waterways, sewers Precaution: Extremely flamm.; flamm. in air 0.8-8 vol.%; vapors are heavier than air; vapors may flash back; prevent vapor accumulation; ground equip.; avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents; prevent entry into basements, confined areas Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Complex mixt. of airborne solids, liqs. and gases, incl. CO, CO2, other org. compds. HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep closed when not in use; keep away from heat, sparks, flame 626

Part I: Trade Name Reference Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mycelium Biomass, Certified Organic [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Shiitake mycelium extract from Lentinus edodes Uses: Nutritional supplement in dried soups or tonic drinks Properties: Brn. gran.; max. 20 mesh or finer; sol. in water Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mushroom Extract Powder 4:1 [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Shiitake mushroom extract from Lentinus edodes See Glucose Chem. Analysis: < 6.0% moisture; 37.4% protein; 11.2% ash; 43.8% carbohydrates Uses: Ingred. for health food beverages, nutritional supplements Features: Polysaccharides, lentinan actives Properties: Brn. fine powd.; min. 20 mesh or finer; sol. in water Storage: 24 mo shelf life Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mycelium Biomass, Certified Organic [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Shiitake mycelium biomass from Lentinus edodes Uses: Nutritional supplement and flavoring agent in health foods and teas Features: Polysaccharides, peptidomannans, lentinan actives Properties: Lt. brn. powd.; insol. in water Storage: 24 mo shelf life Shokusen SE [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Sugar esters, propylene glycol, ethanol, and sodium citrate See Alcohol Uses: Detergent for washing agrochemicals and bacteria from foods, vegetables, fruit Features: Minimal foaming Environmental: biodeg. Shur-Fil® 427 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified (waxy corn starch) See Food starch, modified Uses: Processing aid during prep. and filling of canned, retorted foods, e.g., soups, stews, chop suey, chili, vegetables; visc. control agent, suspension aid for soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Features: Cooks up at pre-canning temps. to a Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thick, stable visc. which holds food particles in uniform suspension for controlled dispensing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Use Level: 3.25-3.75% Shur-Fil® 677 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Uses: Visc. control agent, suspension aid for soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Sicovit® Series [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Uses: Colorant, pigment for foods, instant drink granules Features: Soluble Regulatory: Ph.Fr., USP/NF, FAO compliance, kosher Silbione™ 70414 [Bluestar Silicones France] Chem. Descrip.: Polydimethylsiloxane oil in water Uses: Antifoam for foods Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §175.105, 176.170, 176.180, 176.300 Properties: Wh. creamy liq.; thins in water; nil to sl. odor; sp.gr. 1.0; pH 7; nonionic; 15% act. Storage: 12 mos. shelf life stored in original unopened container @ 2-30 C Silbione™ 70462 [Bluestar Silicones France] Chem. Descrip.: Simethicone CAS 8050-81-5 Uses: Antifoam for food Regulatory: USP/NF, EP Properties: Milky wh. visc.emulsion; dispersible in water; insol. in organic solvents; sp.gr. 1.0; visc. 600 cps; vapor pressure 2.3 kPa; b.p. 100 C; flash pt. > 80 C; pH 3.5; nonionic; 20% act. Toxicology: Not considered harmful by contact with skin or ing. Environmental: LC50 (fish: brachydanio rerio, 96 h) >100 mg/l; not biodegradable or bioaccumulable Precaution: Wear goggles and PVC gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx and silica Storage: 12 mos. shelf life stored in original unopened container @ 5-25 C Silbione® Antifoam 70452 Compound [Bluestar Silicones France] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethylpolysiloxane USP See Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Uses: Antifoam for food processing in coffee, tea, edible and frying oils, mfg. of potato chips, vegetable oil esterification; prep. of wines, molasses, and odorous extracts, 627

Part I: Trade Name Reference preserves and jams Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 332.10, 332.15; DOT nonregulated; SARA nonreportable Properties: Off-wh. visc. liq.; sl. odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; visc. 1300 cps; vapor pressure < 0.01 mm Hg (20 C); flash pt. (CC)) > 200 C; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 19,800 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 10 ml/kg; sl. eye irritant; nonirritating to skin; pract. nontoxic by acute ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Will burn under fire conditions; avoid heat, open flame, static electricity, strong bases/acids/oxidizing agents; contains dimethylpolysiloxane which can generate formaldehyde Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion may produce formaldehyde, CO2, cryst. silica; thermal decomp. prods.: dimethylcyclosiloxanes, methylphenylcyclosiloxanes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life if stored @ 40-86 F in tightly closed containers in well-ventilated area away from incompat. materials; do not allow to freeze Silcasil S [Lanxess http://www.lanxess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated silica See Silica, hydrated CAS 1343-98-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-683-2 Uses: Anticaking agent, flow aid for foods (table salt, sugar, spices, baking powd., powdered milk, soups, sauces, tomato and fruit powd., instant drinks) Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; odorless; ≈ 7 mean particle size; odorless; pH ≈ 6.5 SiLCRON® G-100 [Millennium Inorg. Chems. http://www.mic-global.com; http://www.millenniumchem.com] Chem. Descrip.: silica gel USP (94-96%) and water (4-6%) See Silica, amorphous CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Carrier, anticaking agent, absorbent, dispersant, grinding aid, cleansing agent, desiccant, flow aid in foods Features: Chemically pure; does not impart taste, color, or odor Regulatory: FDA approved; kosher; USP compliance; DOT not regulated; SARA §302/304/313, CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan MITI Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. powd.; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.1; m.p. ≈ 1600 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (10% slurry) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat, 48 h) > 31,600 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit, 48 h) > 2 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) > 2 mg/l; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses, gloves for prolonged, repeated contact; avoid breathing dust HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area SiLCRON® G-100T [Millennium Inorg. Chems. http://www.mic-global.com; http://www.millenniumchem.com] Chem. Descrip.: silica gel (94-96%) and water (4-6%) See Silica, amorphous CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Carrier, anticaking agent, absorbent, desiccant, flow aid in foods Features: Chemically pure; does not impart taste, color, or odor Regulatory: FDA approved; kosher; DOT not regulated; SARA §302/304/313, CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan MITI Properties: Wh. powd.; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.1; m.p. ≈ 1600 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (10% slurry) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat, 48 h) > 31,600 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit, 48 h) > 2 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) > 2 mg/l Precaution: Wear safety glasses, gloves for prolonged, repeated contact; avoid breathing dust HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area SiLCRON® G-600 [Millennium Inorg. Chems. http://www.mic-global.com; http://www.millenniumchem.com] Chem. Descrip.: silica gel (94-96%) and water (4-6%) See Silica, amorphous CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Carrier, cleanser, desiccant, flow aid in foods Regulatory: FDA approved; kosher; DOT not regulated; SARA §302/304/313, CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan MITI Properties: Wh. powd.; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.1; m.p. ≈ 1600 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (10% slurry) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat, 48 h) > 31,600 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit, 48 h) > 2 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) > 2 mg/l Precaution: Wear safety glasses, gloves for 628

Part I: Trade Name Reference prolonged, repeated contact; avoid breathing dust HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area SiLCRON® G-601 [Millennium Inorg. Chems. http://www.mic-global.com; http://www.millenniumchem.com] Chem. Descrip.: silica gel (94-96%) and water (4-6%) See Silica, amorphous CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Carrier, cleanser, desiccant, flow aid, grinding aid in foods Regulatory: FDA approved; kosher; DOT not regulated; SARA §302/304/313, CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan MITI Properties: Wh. powd.; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.1; m.p. ≈ 1600 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (10% slurry) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat, 48 h) > 31,600 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit, 48 h) > 2 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) > 2 mg/l Precaution: Wear safety glasses, gloves for prolonged, repeated contact; avoid breathing dust HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area SiLCRON® G-650 [Millennium Inorg. Chems. http://www.mic-global.com; http://www.millenniumchem.com] Chem. Descrip.: silica gel (94-96%) and water (4-6%) See Silica, amorphous CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Carrier, anticaking agent, absorbent, dispersant, grinding aid, cleanser, desiccant, flow aid in foods Regulatory: FDA approved; kosher; DOT not regulated; SARA §302/304/313, CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan MITI Properties: Wh. powd.; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.1; m.p. ≈ 1600 C; pH 6.5-8.0 (10% slurry) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat, 48 h) > 31,600 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit, 48 h) > 2 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) > 2 mg/l Precaution: Wear safety glasses, gloves for prolonged, repeated contact; avoid breathing dust HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

SiLCRON® G-910 [Millennium Inorg. Chems. http://www.mic-global.com; http://www.millenniumchem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Amorphous silica gel See Silica, amorphous hydrated CAS 63231-67-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Carrier, cleanser, desiccant, powd. dispersant, flow aid in foods Regulatory: FDA approved; kosher Properties: Fine wh. odorless powd.; insol. in water; m.p. ≈1600 C; pH (10% slurry) 3 - 6 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 80 mg/m3/ % SiO2; LD50 (oral, rat) > 31,600 mg/kg; LD50 (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; not considered an ocular irritant based on tests with rabbits.; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Environmental: no known adverse effects on the aquatic environment. Silfar® 1000 [Wacker-Chemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index.js p] Chem. Descrip.: polydimethylsiloxane USP See Polydimethylsiloxane CAS 9016-00-6 Uses: Antifoam for foods Regulatory: USP, EP Silfar® 350 [Wacker-Chemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index.js p] Chem. Descrip.: polydimethylsiloxane USP See Polydimethylsiloxane CAS 9016-00-6 Uses: Antifoam for foods Regulatory: USP, EP Silfar® 500 [Wacker-Chemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index.js p] Chem. Descrip.: polydimethylsiloxane USP See Polydimethylsiloxane CAS 9016-00-6 Uses: Antifoam for foods Regulatory: USP, EP Silfar® S 184 [Wacker-Chemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index.js p] Chem. Descrip.: Simethicone USP CAS 8050-81-5 Uses: Antifoam for foods (esp. for foodstuffs contg. greases and fats), fermentation Features: Readily sterilized by heat Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340; USP, EP 629

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Colorless opaque sl. translucent; dens. 1.0 g/cm3; visc. 2200-4000 mPa·s; 100% act. Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in tightly closed original containers @ 5-30 C Silfar® SE 4 [Wacker-Chemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index.js p] Chem. Descrip.: Simethicone USP antifoam emulsion CAS 8050-81-5 Uses: Antifoam for foods including vegetables processing and beverages Regulatory: USP, EP Properties: Milky wh. emulsion; dens. 1.0 g/ml; visc. ≈ 1500 -5000 mPa s; nonionic; 30% Storage: 6 month shelf life when stored in tightly closed original containers @ 0-25 C Silfoam® Emulsion SE 21 [Wacker Silicones http://www.wackersilicones.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for food processing; USDA approved for egg washing, cleaning meatprocessing equip., fruit/veg. washing, soups, etc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 176.200, 176.210; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d); USDA compliance for egg washing, cleaning meat-processing equip., fruit/veg. washing, soups, etc. Properties: Creamy emulsion; very good dispersibility in water; visc. 1500 cps; anionic; 10% act. Storage: 6 mos. storage life @ R.T.

Uses: Antifoam for food processing; USDA approved for egg washing, cleaning meatprocessing equip., fruit/veg. washing, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 176.200, 176.210; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d); USDA compliance for egg washing, cleaning meat-processing equip., fruit/veg. washing, soups, etc. Properties: Creamy emulsion; poor dispersibility in water; visc. 15,000 cps; anionic; 30% act. Storage: 6 mos. storage life @ R.T. Silicone Antifoam Emulsion SE 9 [WackerChemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index.js p] Chem. Descrip.: Simethicone CAS 8050-81-5 Uses: Antifoam, processing aid for foods, fermentation Regulatory: FDA §173.340, BGA II, VII Properties: Milky wh. med. visc. o/w emulsion; sp.gr. 1.0; pH 6-8; nonionic; 10% act. in water

Silfoam® Emulsion SE 23 [Wacker Silicones http://www.wackersilicones.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for food processing; USDA approved for egg washing, cleaning meatprocessing equip., fruit/veg. washing, soups, etc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 176.200, 176.210; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d); USDA compliance for egg washing, cleaning meat-processing equip., fruit/veg. washing, printing ink, soups, etc. Properties: Creamy emulsion; poor dispersibility in water; visc. 5000 cps; anionic; 30% act. Storage: 6 mos. storage life @ R.T.

Silvergum® RE 85K [Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Arizona BV] Chem. Descrip.: glyceryl rosinate See Glyceryl rosinate CAS 8050-31-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-482-5 Uses: Plasticizer and softener in bubble and stick gum bases Features: Good taste and low odor; softening pt. on low end of the FDA softening pt. range; provide soft smoothe texture in gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615; SARA nonreportable; CERCLA unlisted Properties: Gardner 8 max solid or flakes; sl. odor; m.w. ≈ 751; sp. gr. 1.01soften. pt. (R&B) 80-86 C (of base resin); acid no. 5; flash pt. (SCC) 241.11C; nonflamm. Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; inh. of dust may cause respiratory irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear chemical goggles and face shield , impervious gloves and coveralls to protect from contact; avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Smoke, COx, and other products of combustion Storage: Store @ ambient temp. and atmospheric pressure; guard against dust accumulation

Silfoam® Emulsion SE 25 [Wacker Silicones http://www.wackersilicones.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion

Simplex [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium stearoyl lactylate

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Part I: Trade Name Reference (50%); wheat flour; enzymes See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Chem. Analysis: 8% moisture Uses: Enzyme softener, strengthener, shelf life extender for baked goods Features: Allows for a reduction in sodium stearoyl lactylate usage without loss of strength Use Level: 0.75-1% per 100 lbs of flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep containers well closed when not in use Sipernat® 22 [Degussa/Fillers & Pigments http://www.degussa-fp.com/fp/en/; Degussa AG/Fillers & Pigments http://www.degussakrefeld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Syn. amorphous precipitated silica See Silica, amorphous CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Adsorbent, anticaking agent, and flow control agent for foods (table salt, powd. sweetener); as aid to convert liqs. into powds.; processing aid Features: Hydrophilic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 133.146, 160.105, 160.185, 172.230, 172.340, 172.480, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90, 573.940(b)(c) Properties: Wh. fluffy powd., 18 nm avg. particle size; dens. 270 g/l (tapped); surf. area 190 m2/g; pH 6.3 (5% aq. susp.); 98% assay Use Level: 0.1-0.5% (table salt), 0.5% (powd. sweetener) Sipernat® 22S [Degussa/Fillers & Pigments http://www.degussa-fp.com/fp/en/; Degussa AG/Fillers & Pigments http://www.degussakrefeld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated silica See Silica, hydrated CAS 1343-98-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-683-2 Uses: Flow control agent, anticaking agent for foods (spices, guar gum, dried soup, powd. cheese); converts liqs. to powds. Features: Hydrophilic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 133.146, 160.105, 160.185, 172.230, 172.340, 172.480, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90, 573.940(b)(c) Properties: Wh. loose powd.; 18 nm avg. particle size; dens. 120 g/l (tapped); surf. area 190 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

m2/g; pH 6.3 (5% aq. susp.); 98% assay Use Level: 0.25-2%; 0.1-2% (spices), 1% (guar gum, powd. cheese), 1-2% (soup) Sipernat® 50 [Degussa/Fillers & Pigments http://www.degussa-fp.com/fp/en/; Degussa AG/Fillers & Pigments http://www.degussakrefeld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated silica See Silica, hydrated CAS 1343-98-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-683-2 Uses: Carrier, flow control agent, anticaking agent for foods (spices, high fat seasoning, cake mixes) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 133.146, 160.105, 160.185, 172.230, 172.340, 172.480, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90, 573.940(b)(c) Properties: Loose wh. powd.; pH 6.0-7.4 (5%); 7% max. moisture Use Level: 0.25-2%; 0.1-2% (spices), 1% (high fat seasoning), 1.5% (cake mixes) Toxicology: Inhalation may cause respiratory tract irritation Sipernat® 50S [Degussa/Fillers & Pigments http://www.degussa-fp.com/fp/en/; Degussa AG/Fillers & Pigments http://www.degussakrefeld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Syn. amorphous precipitated silica See Silica, amorphous CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Flow control agent, anticaking agent, and defoamer for foods (cocoa powd., dried soup, cake mix) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 133.146, 160.105, 160.185, 172.230, 172.340, 172.480, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90, 573.940(b)(c) Properties: Wh. loose powd.; 7 µm avg. agglomerate size; tapped dens. 100 g/l; surf. area 480 m2/g; pH 6.7 (5%); 99% SiO2, 5% moisture Use Level: 0.25-2%; 0.5-2% (cocoa powd.), 0.5% (dried soup), 1.5% (cake mix) Toxicology: Inhalation may cause respiratory tract irritation Sirodex 310 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: high dextrose-containg glucose syrup Uses: Source of fermentable sugar for 631

Part I: Trade Name Reference fermentation of beer, cider; sucrose substitute in soft drinks, juices, nectars Storage: Store @ > 55 C Sirodex 331 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: high dextrose-containg glucose syrup Uses: Source of fermentable sugar for fermentation of beer, cider; sucrose substitute in soft drinks, juices, nectars Storage: Store @ > 55 C Sirodex 431 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: high dextrose-containg glucose syrup Uses: Source of fermentable sugar for fermentation of beer, cider; sucrose substitute in soft drinks, juices, nectars Storage: Store @ > 55 C Sirodex 810 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: highly pure dextrose sol'n. See Glucose Uses: Used in dextrose panning to produce coated sugar confectionery; sucrose substitute in soft drinks, juices, nectars; used to produce dextrose-based frostings, glazes, fondants Storage: Store @ > 55 C Skipjack Liver Oil 30,000A/20,000D [Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com] Chem. Descrip.: Skipjack liver oil Uses: Nutritive additive Features: Contains 30,000 IU/g vitamin A, 20,000 IU/g vitamin D Properties: Oil; sp.gr. 0.915-0.925; iodine no. 120-160; sapon. no. 178-190 Skipjack Liver Oil 40,000A/20,000D [Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com] Chem. Descrip.: Skipjack liver oil Uses: Nutritive additive Features: Contains 40,000 IU/g vitamin A, 20,000 IU/g vitamin D Properties: Oil; sp.gr. 0.915-0.925; iodine no. 120-160; sapon. no. 178-190 SL-10 [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan laurate CAS 1338-39-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-663-3 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: Lipophilic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Pale yel. liq.; HLB 8.6; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed Slip-Ayd® SL 506 [Elementis Spec. http://www.elementis-specialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax (18.5%) in dipropylene glycol methyl ether (81.5%) See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; PPG-2 methyl ether Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1978 Properties: 1-3 µ avg. particle size; fineness (Hegman) 7.25; sp.gr. 0.96; dens. 8.0 lb/gal; soften. pt. 82-86 C; hardness 2.0-3.0 Slip-Ayd® SL 508 [Elementis Spec. http://www.elementis-specialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax (17.5%), isopropanol (82.5%) dispersion See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Isopropyl alcohol Uses: Anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surface-finishing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1978 Properties: 2-4 µ avg. particle size; fineness (Hegman) 6.75; sp.gr. 0.82; dens. 6.8 lb/gal; soften. pt. 82-86 C; hardness 2.0-3.0 Slovacid® S 45 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-45 stearate CAS 9004-99-3 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Properties: Solid S-Maz® 60K [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier, coupling agent for foods, veg. and dairy prods., cakes; gloss aid in chocolate, nondairy creamers; synthetic flavoring; defoamer in food processing; protective coatings on raw fruits/vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.842, 173.340, 573.960; kosher Properties: Wh. to cream flakes, ester odor; sol. in ethanol; disp. in water; sp.gr. 0.954 (70 C); 632

Part I: Trade Name Reference m.p. 52 C; b.p. > 300 F; HLB 4.7; acid no. 10 max.; sapon. no. 147-157; hyd. no. 235-260; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic Use Level: 0.4% max. (whipped toppings), 0.61% (cakes), 0.7% (icings, fillings), 1% (confectionery coatings), GMP (fruit/veg. coating, flavor, defoamer) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 32 g/kg; nonirritating Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F S-Maz® 80K [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan oleate CAS 1338-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 Uses: Lubricant, process defoamer, opacifier, coemulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant, suspending agent, coupling agent in foods Features: Prepares exc. w/o emulsions Regulatory: Kosher grade Properties: Gardner 6 liq.; sol. in min. oils, min. spirits, toluene, veg. oil; insol. in water; HLB 4.6; acid no. 8 max.; sapon. no. 149-160; hyd. no. 193-209; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic S-Maz® 85K [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan trioleate CAS 26266-58-0; EINECS/ELINCS 247-569-3 Uses: Lubricant, process defoamer, opacifier, coemulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant, suspending agent, coupling agent in foods Features: Prepares exc. w/o emulsions Regulatory: Kosher grade Properties: Gardner 6 liq.; sol. in min. oils, min. spirits, toluene, veg. oil; insol. in water; HLB 2.1; acid no. 14 max.; sapon. no. 172-186; hyd. no. 56-68; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic S-Nauba #1-120 [Shamrock Tech. http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Wax for fruit and candy coatings; anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surf. finishing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978 Properties: Pale yel. powd.; 90% -120 mesh; insol. in aliphatic solvs.; partly sol. in aromatic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

solvs.; sp.gr. 1.00; m.p. 84 C; acid no. 2-10; iodine no. 7-14; sapon. no. 75-85 Toxicology: TSCA listed S-Nauba #1 Flake [Shamrock Tech. http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Wax for fruit and candy coatings; anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surf. finishing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978 Properties: Yel. flake; sp.gr. 1.00; m.p. 84 C; acid no. 2-10; iodine no. 7-14; sapon. no. 7585 Toxicology: TSCA listed S-Nauba #3-120 [Shamrock Tech. http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Wax for fruit and candy coatings; anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surf. finishing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978 Properties: Lt. yel. powd.; 90% -120 mesh; sp.gr. 1.00; m.p. 84 C; acid no. 2-10; iodine no. 7-14; sapon. no. 75-85 Toxicology: TSCA listed S-Nauba #3 Flake [Shamrock Tech. http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Wax for fruit and candy coatings; anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surf. finishing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978 Properties: Amer flake; sp.gr. 1.00; m.p. 84 C; acid no. 2-10; iodine no. 7-14; sapon. no. 7585 Toxicology: TSCA listed S-Nauba 5021 [Shamrock Tech. http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carnauba wax See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 Uses: Wax for fruit and candy coatings; anticaking agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surf. finishing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 633

Part I: Trade Name Reference 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 184.1978; USDA approved Properties: Off-wh. extra fine powd.; 12.5 µ particle size; 100% -400 mesh; sp.gr. 0.995; m.p. 84 C; acid no. 2-10; iodine no. 7-14; sapon. no. 75-85 Toxicology: TSCA listed Snow Fresh® [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate, calcium chloride, l-ascorbic acid, citric acid Uses: Food additive, color enhancer, texturizer for processed fresh fruit and vegetables; shelf life extender for most treated foods; antioxidant delaying enzymatic browning Regulatory: FCC GRAS Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; pH 2.5±0.3 (1%); 92% min. assay Use Level: 0.5% max. (processed meat and poultry, seafood) Snow White® F&P [U.S. Gypsum http://www.usg.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate anhyd. See Calcium sulfate CAS 7778-18-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-900-3 Uses: Filler for foods Regulatory: GRAS, FCC, and NF compliant Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; low to no odor; 7 µ median particle size; sol. in water (0.26 g/100 cc); sp.gr. 2.96; bulk dens. ≈ 45-70 lb/ft3; ref. index 1.56; pH 10.4; decomp. > 1450 C Toxicology: Direct contact may cause eye, skin and/or respiratory irritation Environmental: zero VOC content; no known adverse effect on the ecology. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CaO and SO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. in dry location; keep containers closed when not in use SO-10EX [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan palmitate CAS 26266-57-9; EINECS/ELINCS 247-568-8 Uses: Emulsifier for food Regulatory: Approved as food additive Properties: Lt. yel. flake; HLB 6.7 SO-10V [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan oleate CAS 1338-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Yel. liq.; HLB 4.3; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed SO-15MV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan sesquioleate CAS 8007-43-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-360-1 Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods Regulatory: Approved as food additive Properties: Yel. liq.; HLB 3.7 SO-15V [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan sesquioleate CAS 8007-43-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-360-1 Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods Regulatory: JP compliance; JSCI listed Properties: Yel. liq.; HLB 4.5; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed Sodaphos® [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Short chain sodium hexametaphosphate CAS 10124-56-8; EINECS/ELINCS 233-343-1 Uses: Emulsifier, sequestrant, suspending agent, protein stabilizer for dairy prods. esp. processed cheese, ice cream, and frozen desserts; protein dispersant in whey processing; water binder for cured pork Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC compliance Properties: Powd., gran., plate; 99.9% through 20 mesh (powd.), 100% through 8 mesh (gran.); infinitely sol. in water; m.w. 664; bulk dens. 62 lb/ft3 (powd.), 79 lb/ft3 (gran.), 75 lb/ft3 (plate); pH 7.7 (1%); anionic Use Level: 2% (process cheese), 0.1-0.5% (whey), 0.1-0.2% (ice cream) Soda Phos (FG) [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium hexametaphosphate CAS 10124-56-8; EINECS/ELINCS 233-343-1 Uses: Sequestrant, neutral salt, deflocculant, curing agent, dough strengthener, emulsifier, firming agent, flavor enhancer, flavoring agent, humectant, nutrient supplement, processing aid, stabilizer and thickener, surface-active agent, synergist, texturizer and buffering agent in meat, seafood, poultry, vegetables, cream, half & half, ice cream, whey, processed cheese, eggs, table syrup and toppings 634

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher; non-GMO prod. Properties: Wh., free-flowing, odorless, tasteless powd./plates, gran.; completely sol. in water Sodium Alginate HV [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate NF/FCC See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Food grade emulsifier, stabilizer, suspending agent for ice cream, sherbets, soft drinks, bakery jellies, prevention of freezer burn; freeze/thaw stabilizer for lemon pie fillings Properties: Water-sol. Sodium Alginate LV [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin Chem. Analysis: Ash 25% max.; insol. matter 0.2% max. CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Food grade emulsifier, stabilizer, suspending agent for ice cream, sherbets, soft drinks, bakery jellies, prevention of freezer burn; freeze/thaw stabilizer for lemon pie fillings Properties: Off-wh. to lt tan; water-sol.; visc. > 20 cps Storage: 2 yrs.; store in tightly sealed containers @ ambient temps. Sodium Ascorbate USP, FCC [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium ascorbate USP, FCC CAS 134-03-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-126-1 Uses: Preservative, antioxidant, and vitamin C source in foods, esp. where neutral pH and less acid taste are important, and where freeflowing gran. prod. is required Regulatory: FDA GRAS, USP, FCC, Ph. Eur. Properties: Wh. to ylsh. cryst. powd., pract. odorless, pleasantly saline taste with tart overtone; 90% through 80 mesh, 95% max. through 100 mesh; sol. 90 g/100 ml water; m.w. 198.11; bulk dens. 0.8-1.1 (tapped); pH 7-8 (10% aq.); 99-101% (dry) assay Precaution: Oxidizes readily in sol'n.; exposure to light or atmospheric moisture may darken prod.; avoid contact with iron, copper, or nickel salts Storage: Store in tight, light-resist. containers, optimally @ ≤ 72 F; avoid exposure to moisture and excessive heat Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium Benzoate, Powder FCC Food Grade/E211/EP Grade [Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium benzoate CAS 532-32-1; EINECS/ELINCS 208-534-8 Uses: Shelf-life extender for foods and beverages Regulatory: DOT nonregulated Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; easily sol. in cold water; very sl. sol. in methanol; m.w. 160.22; sp.gr. 1.5; b.p. > 300 C; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 4800 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 1600 mg/kg, (oral rabbit, 2000 mg/kg, (oral, dog) 200 mg/kg; may cause eye, skin, respiratory tract irritation Precaution: May be slippery when wet; may be combustible at high temps.; may form explosive dust-air mixts.; incompat. with ferric salts, acids, oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Compds. of C, H, N, and O, pungent fumes; combustion prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store in ventilated area away from ignition sources Sodium Bicarbonate Fine Granular USP/FCC [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium bicarbonate USP CAS 144-55-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-633-8 Uses: pH control agent for foods (colors, conditioners, starches, candies) Regulatory: USP/FCC Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst., odorless;trace on 80 mesh, 2.0% max. on 100 mesh; bulk dens. 60 lb/ft3; 99% min. assay Storage: 36mos. shelf life Sodium Bicarbonate Treated Free Flowing [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium bicarbonate, tricalcium phosphate FCC See Calcium phosphate tribasic Uses: Ingred. for foods (self-rising four and corn meal) Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst., odorless; 2% min. on 80 mesh, 60% max. on 325 mesh; bulk dens. 60 lb/ft3; 99% min. assay Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P [Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium caseinate Chem. Analysis: 6% moisture; 2.5 % fat CAS 9005-46-3 635

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Binder, emulsifier for foods (imitation cheese, bakery prods., frozen dairy dessert, health foods) Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to lt. cream free-flowing powd.; clean/bland odor/flavor; pH 6.6-7.2; 91% protein Storage: Store in cool, dry place Sofical Beta [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable oil, glycerin fatty acid ester, lecithin CAS 68956-68-3; 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 273-313-5; 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier; softener for soft bakery specialties Features: Direct blend with dough is recommended Use Level: 2-3% to flour weight Sof-One [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patcoadditives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour, calcium sulfate, salt, and enzyme See Sodium chloride; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Enzymatic softener for wh. bread, variety breads, hamburger buns, bagels, sweet goods, donuts, yeast-raised cake Properties: Free-flowing powd.; 12-14% moisture; 6.2-7.2% Ca So-Free [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Uses: Release agent for foods Features: Completely free from soya-based ingreds. Soft Cel® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy flour; calcium sulfate; enzymes See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Chem. Analysis: 12% max. moisture Uses: Dough conditioner, dough softener, shelf life extender, and enzymatic crumb softener for baked goods Use Level: 2-5 oz per 100 lbs of flour Storage: 9 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location preferably under refrigeration; best when used before 9 mos; keep containers well closed when not in use; at 5 C enzyme activity will be maintained

enzymes; lecithin See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Dough conditioner, dough softener, shelf life extender, and enzymatic crumb softener for baked goods Properties: 12% max. moisture Use Level: 2-5 oz per 100 lbs of flour Storage: 9 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location preferably under refrigeration; best when used before 9 mos; keep containers well closed when not in use; at 5 C enzyme activity will be maintained Softenol® 3108 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: C8-10 fatty acid triglyceride See C8-10 acid triglyceride Uses: Lubricant for prod. of sausage casings and for machinery used in food and confectionery industries; emulsifier, stabilizer for sausages, soups, dressings, sauces Properties: Liq., neutral odor and taste; dens. 0.950 g/cm3; visc. 25-35 mPa·s; turbidity pt. 10 C; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 325-345 Environmental: biodeg. Softenol® 3600 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fatty acid ester Uses: Antifoam for prod. of sweets, preserves, jams, potato prods.; emulsifier for bread improvers Softenol® 3660 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Triglyceride Uses: Lubricant; emulsifier for bread improvers Properties: Liq.

Soft Cel® (Without Soy Flour) [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour; calcium sulfate; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Softenol® 3767 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl ester Uses: Emulsifier for bakery prods. and whipped toppings Softenol® 3945 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Emulsifier for bread improvers, soft caramels, potato prods., margarine, ice cream, pasta Properties: Microcryst. powd. Softenol® 3995 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 Uses: Emulsifier for bakery prods. and whipped toppings Properties: Powds., 3945, 3995 are microfine powds. Soft-Set® [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from dent corn starch See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: 7.5% moisture Uses: Stabilizer, moisture binder for frostings, salad dressings, instant desserts, cream fillings, microwave foods; whipping aid; visc. control agent, gelling agent for dairy, soups, sauces, gravies, dressings, bakery, snacks Features: Cold water swelling instant starch with low initial visc., forming soft gel in 60 min Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. fine powd.; 0.5% max. on 30 mesh, 95% min. through 100 mesh; 70% cold water sol.; pH 5.5 Soft Touch K [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated mono- and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

diglycerides, polysorbate 60 (10.8%), sodium stearoyl lactylate, and propionic acid, phosphoric acid (as preservatives) See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier, softener, strengthener for cakes, yeast-raised donuts, and breads; aerating agent, texturizer in cakes; texturizer, shelf life extender in yeast-raised donuts Features: Hydrated Properties: HLB 4.8; pH 4.2 (5% aq.); 68.5% volatiles; 14% alpha monoglyceride Use Level: 8-16 oz/100 lb flour (breads); 1-3% on flour (cakes); 8 oz/100 lb flour (yeast-raised donuts) Storage: 12 mos. max. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store @ 70-90 F for two days prior to use; avoid extremes of heat and cold; separates above 135 F; freezes below 32 F; keep from freezing Solec™ 100L [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Distilled soy monoglycerides and soy lecithin See Lecithin; Soy glyceride Uses: Crumb softener, dough conditioner for yeast-raised bakery goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, 184.1505, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Cream-colored free-flowing powd.; m.p. 152-158 F; 70-74% α-monoglycerides; 0.5% max. moisture Storage: Store in cool dry place (60-90 F) Solec® 152 [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Release agent, wetting agent for foods for spray release applics., oil-based aerosol spray release systems Features: Bland, sprayable food grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400; kosher Properties: Amber low visc. fluid; oil-sol.; visc. 1200 cP; acid no. 22; amphoteric; 100% conc. Storage: Store in closed container at 16-32 C; mildly agitate before use Solec™ 162SS [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin, highly filtered CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier, w/o emulsifier for foods Features: Designed for encapsulation where clarity and brilliance are required 637

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Lt. amber fluid; oil-sol.; visc. 3500 cP; HLB 4; acid no. 36 max.; 0.3% moisture Storage: Store in closed containers @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened containers Solec™ 68 SB [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods, esp. margarine and chocolate confections; mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier Features: Food/standard grade rich in phospholipids Regulatory: FDA §184.1400; kosher Properties: Lt. amber fluid; oil-sol.; visc. 15,000 cP max.; HLB ≈ 2; acid no. 25 max.; amphoteric; 0.8% max. moisture Storage: Store in closed container @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life Solec™ 68-UB [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods, margarine, chocolate confections; mixing/blending aid; visc. modifier Features: Food/standard grade rich in phospholipids Regulatory: FDA §184.1400; kosher Properties: Amber liq.; oil-sol.; visc. 15,000 cP max.; HLB ≈ 2; acid no. 25 max.; amphoteric; 0.8% max. moisture Storage: Store in closed container @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life Solec™ 70 SB [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods, esp. margarine and chocolate confections; mixing/blending aid; visc. modifier Features: Food/standard grade rich in phospholipids Regulatory: FDA §184.1400; kosher Properties: Lt. amber thick fluid; oil-sol.; visc. 30,000 cP max.; HLB ≈ 2; acid no. 26 max.; amphoteric; 0.8% max. moisture Storage: Store in closed container @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life Solec™ 70 UB [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods, esp. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

margarine and chocolate confections; mixing/blending aid; visc. modifier Features: Food/standard grade Properties: Amber fluid; visc. 18,000 cP; acid no. 23; amphoteric; 0.4% moisture Solec™ A [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxylated soy lecithin See Hydroxylated lecithin CAS 8029-76-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-440-6 Uses: O/w emulsifier, release agent, wetting agent for foods, baked goods; solubilizer, dispersant aiding flavor/color incorporation; emulsion stabilizer in salad dressings; wetting agent for fatty powds. Features: Increased hydrophilic props. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.814; kosher approved Properties: Lt. amber-yel. heavy-bodied fluid; oilsol., water-disp.; HLB 9-10; acid no. 27; amphoteric; 1.2% moisture Storage: Store in closed containers @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Solec® C [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: W/o emulsifier, release agent, wetting agent for flavor-sensitive foods and drinks (caramel corn, chocolate, instantizing applics., milk powds.) Features: Sprayable Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400; kosher Properties: Amber low-visc. fluid, low flavor; oilsol.; visc. 1000 cP; acid no. 27; amphoteric; 0.3% moisture Storage: Store in closed container @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original unopened container Solec™ CX [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, suspending agent for foods; fat control agent in ground meat prods.; improves dough machinability in baked goods; when solubilized, instantizes dry powds. Properties: Yel. gran.; oil-sol., water-disp.; bulk dens. 0.44 g/cc; acid no. 27; amphoteric; 100% conc. Solec™ D [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier, visc. modifier, wetting agent for foods esp. instantizing applics. 638

Part I: Trade Name Reference where it controls hydration rate of hydrophilic powds.; fat control agent in ground meat prods.; improves dough machinability in baked goods Properties: Yel. fine powd., low flavor; oil-sol., water-disp.; bulk dens. 0.46 g/cc; acid no. 27; 0.7% moisture Use Level: 0.5-1.0% Solec™ E [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin, ethoxylated monodiglycerides, propylene glycol See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides Uses: O/w emulsifier, release agent, wetting agent for foods, esp. instantizing, milk powds.; belt release in continuous cooking operations Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Amber fluid; oil-sol., highly waterdisp.; sp.gr. 1.01; visc. 6500 cP; HLB 12; acid no. 17; amphoteric; 0.3% moisture Storage: Store in closed container @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Solec™ F [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin See Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier, visc. modifier, wetting agent for foods (baked goods, cheese sauces, chocolate, frostings, granola bars, meat gravies, milk powds., nondairy creamers); reduces fat requirement; enhances smoothness, reduces tackiness in chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Properties: Lt. tan or yel. powd., bland odor and flavor; oil-sol., water-disp.; bulk dens. 0.45 g/cc; acid no. 36 max.; 1% max. moisture Storage: Store in dry, closed, original container below 25 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original unopened container Solec® HR [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Release agent, wetting agent, lubricant, emulsifier for foods Features: Heat-resist. multifunctional ingredient; does not develop burned odor, color, or taste at high temps.; resists darkening at temps. of 350 F Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS; kosher approved Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Amber fluid; sol. in liq. veg. and min oil, aliphatic, aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons, petroleum ether; sp.gr. 1.01; visc. 3000 cP max.; pour pt. < 5 F; acid no. 36 max.; amphoteric; 0.8% max. moisture Storage: Store in closed containers @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life Solec™ K [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzyme-modified lecithin (treated with phospholipase A) CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Mixing/blending aid, w/o emulsifier, wetting agent for instantizing whole milk powds., o/w emulsions, and for antistaling in confectioneries, breads, rolls, and buns; antistaling agent, shelf-life extender in yeast-raised baked goods; crumb softener; dough conditioner Regulatory: GRAS; kosher Properties: Amber liq.; oil-sol.; disp. in water and aq. systems; visc. 5000 cps; HLB ≈ 12; acid no. 24; 0.4% moisture; 57% acetone insolubles Environmental: biodeg.; low VOC Solec™ M [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade soy lecithin containing coconut oil, cottonseed oil, and antioxidants (propylene glycol, BHA, citric acid) See Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Lecithin Uses: Release agent, wetting agent for delicately flavored food systems, esp. cheese release Features: Sprayable Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Amber low-visc. fluid, low odor and flavor; oil-sol.; sp.gr. 0.98; visc. 150 cP; acid no. 12; amphoteric; 0.3% moisture Storage: Store in closed container @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Solec™ P [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: O/w emulsifier, visc. modifier, wetting agent for foods; fat control agent in ground meat prods.; improves dough machinability in baked goods; when solubilized, instantizes dry powds. Features: Can be easily sterilized and filtered in solvs. Properties: Yel. gran., low flavor; oil-sol., waterdisp.; bulk dens. 0.38 g/cc; acid no. 27; 0.7% 639

Part I: Trade Name Reference moisture Solec™ S [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxylated lecithin CAS 8029-76-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-440-6 Uses: O/w emulsifier, wetting agent for foods; solubilizer and dispersant aiding color/flavor incorporation; wetting agent for fatty powds. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.814; kosher approved Properties: Lt. amber-yel. heavy-bodied fluid; oilsol., water-disp.; HLB 9-10; acid no. 27; amphoteric; 100% conc. Storage: Store in closed container @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Solec™ W [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade soy lecithin containing coconut oil, cottonseed oil, and antioxidants (propylene glycol, BHA, citric acid) See Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil Uses: Release agent, wetting agent for delicately flavored food systems, esp. cheese release Features: Sprayable Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Amber low visc. fluid, low odor and flavor; oil-sol.; visc. 150 cP; acid no. 12; amphoteric; 0.3% moisture Storage: Store in closed container @ 16-32 C; 1 yr. shelf life in original, unopened container Solec™ WD [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Special grade lecithin with ethoxylated monodiglycerides, PG See Propylene glycol Uses: Mixing/blending aid, visc. modifier, w/o emulsifier for foods Features: Low VOCs Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Amber liq.; disp. in water; visc. 1500 cps; HLB ≈ 12; acid no. 17; 0.4% moisture; 49% acetone insolubles Environmental: biodeg. Solid Invert Sugar [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Invert sugar CAS 8013-17-0 Uses: Sweetener for baking and candy Properties: Solid; sp.gr. 1.369; pH 4.5-5.5; 9095% invert on solids, 5-10% sucrose on solids

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Solka-Floc® [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Powd. cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Anticaking agent, dietary fiber, bulking agent, thickener, binder, opacifier, cryostabilizer, filter aid in foods Features: Noncaloric; 99% dietary fiber; aids fat reduction, water absorption, dimensional stability, extrusion; improves cling Solka-Floc® 20 FCC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose Chem. Analysis: 99% total fiber CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Binder for food systems; anticaking and flow agent for dry mixes and shredded/grated cheeses; dimensional stabilizer and volume enhancer in baked prods.; texturizer for foods, including sauces and dips Regulatory: FCC Properties: Avg. fiber length 100 μ; 0.5% thru #40 mesh, 80-90% thru #100 mesh, 55-75% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens. 3.3-4.0 cc/g; water retention 6.5 g/g Solka-Floc® 20 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose NF CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Pseudo-emulsifier in cake and muffin batter systems Features: Improves the aeration process Properties: Powd.; avg. particle size 100 µ; 0-5% on 40 mesh, 80-90% through 100 mesh, 5575% through 200 mesh; wet bulk dens. 11.5 lbs/ft3; pH 5.0-7.5 Solka-Floc® 40 NF [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Bulking agent, texturizer in food; water and oil binding agent in food systems; anticaking agent, flow agent for dry mixes Properties: Avg. fiber length 60 microns; bulk volume 2.8-3.3; water retention 5.5 g/g Solka-Floc® 200 FCC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Binder for food systems; anticaking and flow agent for dry mixes and 640

Part I: Trade Name Reference shredded/grated cheeses; dimensional stabilizer and volume enhancer in baked prods; texturizer for foods, including sauces and dips Regulatory: FCC Properties: Avg. fiber length 35 μ; 0% thru #40 mesh, 93-100% thru #100 mesh 75-100% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens. 2.1-2.6 cc/g; water retention 3.0 g/g Solka-Floc® 300 FCC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Binder for food systems; anticaking and flow agent for dry mixes and shredded/grated cheeses; dimensional stabilizer and volume enhancer in baked prods; texturizer for foods, including sauces and dips Properties: Avg. fiber length 22 μ; 0% thru #40 mesh, 100% thru #100 mesh 100% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens. 2.1-2.4 cc/g; water retention 4.2 g/g Solka-Floc® 300 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose NF CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Pseudo-emulsifier in cake and muffin batter systems Features: Improves the aeration process Properties: Avg. particle size 22 µ; 0% on 40 mesh, 100% through 100 mesh, 100% through 200 mesh; wet bulk dens. 20 lbs/ft3; pH 5.0-7.5 Solka-Floc® 900 FCC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose Chem. Analysis: 99% total dietary fiber CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Binder for food systems; anticaking and flow agent for dry mixes and shredded/grated cheeses; dimensional stabilizer and volume enhancer in baked prods; texturizer for foods, including sauces and dips Properties: Avg. fiber length 110 μ; 0-8% thru #40 mesh, 60-80% thru #100 mesh 30-55% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens. 5.2-6.2 cc/g; water retention 9.5 g/g Solka-Floc® 1016 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose NF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Pseudo-emulsifier in cake and muffin batter systems Features: Improves the aeration process Properties: Avg. particle size 210 µ; 0-8% on 40 mesh, 60-80% through 100 mesh, 30-55% through 200 mesh; wet bulk dens. 6.5 lbs/ft3; pH 5.0-7.5 Solka-Floc® JF 600/20 [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Analysis: 99% total dietary fiber Uses: Reduces shrinkage and increases juiciness in meats; dimensional stabilizer in freezing and cooking meats; retains the emulsion of juices and fats; meat extender Features: Zero calories and zero net carbohydrates; cost effective Regulatory: FCC Properties: Avg. fiber length 25 μ; 0% thru #40 mesh, 100% thru #100 mesh 100% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens. 2.1-2.4 cc/g; water retention 4.2 g/g Solka-Floc® JF BH40 FCC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Analysis: 99% total dietary fiber Uses: Reduces shrinkage and increases juiciness in meats; dimensional stabilizer in freezing and cooking meats; retains the emulsion of juices and fats; meat extender Features: Zero calories and zero net carbohydrates; cost effective Regulatory: FCC Properties: Avg. fiber length 60 μ; 0-3% thru #40 mesh, 80-95% thru #100 mesh 60-85% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens. 2.8-3.3 cc/g; water retention 5.5 g/g Solka-Floc® JF BH200 FCC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Analysis: 99% total dietary fiber Uses: Reduces shrinkage and increases juiciness in meats; dimensional stabilizer in freezing and cooking meats; retains the emulsion of juices and fats; meat extender Features: Zero calories and zero net carbohydrates; cost effective Regulatory: FCC Properties: Avg. fiber length 35 μ; 0% thru #40 mesh, 93-100% thru #100 mesh 75-100% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens. 2.1-2.6 cc/g; water retention 3.0 g/g

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Solka-Floc® JF HS40 FCC [Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/] Chem. Analysis: 99% total dietary fiber Uses: Reduces shrinkage and increases juiciness in meats; dimensional stabilizer in freezing and cooking meats; retains the emulsion of juices and fats; meat extender Features: Zero calories and zero net carbohydrates; cost effective Regulatory: FCC Properties: Avg. fiber length 120 μ; 0-8% thru #40 mesh, 60-80% thru #100 mesh 30-55% thru #200 mesh; bulk dens. 5.2-6.2 cc/g; water retention 9.5 g/g Soluble Beef Liver Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzymatic digest of liver Chem. Analysis: 4% max. loss on drying Uses: Nutrient supplement for tablets and capsules Properties: Hygroscopic; completely sol. in water; pH 4.0-6.5 (2% sol'n.) Storage: Store in cool, dry area in tightly closed polyliners within secure containers Soluble Pork Liver Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzymatic digest of liver Chem. Analysis: 2.5% max. loss on drying Uses: Nutrient supplement for tablets and capsules Properties: Hygroscopic; completely sol. in water; pH 4.5-5.5 (2% sol'n.) Storage: Store in cool, dry area in tightly closed polyliners within secure containers Soluble Trachea CS 16 Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted powd. processed from beef trachea contg. 16-17% chondroitin sulfate Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Off-wh. to lt. tan amorphous freeflowing powd., char. odor; sol. > 50 g/100 ml in water; 87% protein, 13% N Precaution: Dust-air mixts. may be explosive Storage: Hygroscopic; preserve in tight containers in cool, dry place Soluble Trachea Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glandular prod. contg. 8-10% chondroitin sulfate Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Off-wh. to lt. tan free-flowing powd.; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

hygroscopic; sol.: cl. to hazy sol'n. (5% in water) Sol-U-Tein EA [Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Albumen CAS 9006-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-936-2 Uses: Binder, coagulant, film-former for foods Properties: Yel. powd.; 100% through 80 mesh; 90% through 100 mesh; bland odor; pH 6.58.0; 75% ovalbumin, ovoconalbumin, ovomucoid, ovomucin, ovoglobulin, lysozyme, and avidin Sonojell® No. 4 [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 0.5Y color; visc. 2.6-5.7 cSt (100 C); m.p. 38-52 C Sonojell® No. 9 [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond color 0.5Y; visc. 2.6-5.7 Cst (100 C); m.p. 42-49 C Sorbax PML-20 [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 20 (> 96%) and water (< 4%) CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: O/w emulsifier, solubilizer for flavors Regulatory: RCRA nonreportable; SARA §311/312 Immediate Health Hazard; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Japan MITI; Australia AICS Properties: Amber liq.; mild odor; water-sol.; sp.gr. 1.05; HLB 16.7; flash pt. (COC) > 148 C; sapon. no. 45; volatiles 3%; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 64 ml/kg; causes eye, skin, mucous membrane irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side 642

Part I: Trade Name Reference shields and face shield; wear neoprene or butyl rubber gloves; spills are slippery; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon, smoke, fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed; avoid high temps. Sorbax PMO-5 [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 81 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: O/w emulsifier, solubilizer for flavors; emulsifier for veg. oils Regulatory: RCRA nonreportable; SARA §311/312 Immediate Health Hazard; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS NLP; Japan MITI; Australia AICS; Korea ECL Properties: Visc., lt. amber liq.; mild odor; watersol.; sp.gr. 1.0; HLB 10.0; flash pt. (COC) 149 C; sapon. no. 100; volatiles < 3%; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: Causes eye, skin, mucous membrane irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and face shield; wear neoprene or butyl rubber gloves; spills are slippery; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon, smoke, fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed; avoid high temps. Sorbax PMO-20 [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: O/w emulsifier, solubilizer for flavors; emulsifier for veg. oils Regulatory: RCRA nonreportable; SARA §311/312 Immediate Health Hazard; Canada DSL; Europe EINECS; Japan MITI; Australia AICS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Visc., lt. amber liq.; mild odor; watersol.; sp.gr. 1.08; HLB 15.0; flash pt. (COC) 232 C; sapon. no. 50; volatiles < 3%; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 64 ml/kg; causes eye, skin, mucous membrane irritation; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and face shield; wear neoprene or butyl rubber gloves; spills are slippery; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon, smoke, fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed; avoid high temps. Sorbax PMP-20 [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 40 CAS 9005-66-7 Uses: O/w emulsifier, solubilizer for flavors; emulsifier for veg. oils Properties: Liq.; water-sol.; HLB 15.6; sapon. no. 46; nonionic; 100% conc. Sorbax PMS-20 [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 (> 96%) and water (< 4%) CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: O/w emulsifier, solubilizer for flavors; emulsifier for veg. oils Regulatory: RCRA nonreportable; SARA §311/312 Immediate Health Hazard; Canada DSL; Japan MITI; Australia AICS Properties: Yel. soft paste; bland odor; watersol.; sp.gr. 1.08; vapor dens. > 1; HLB 14.9; flash pt. (COC) 285 C; sapon. no. 50; volatiles 4%; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: Causes eye, skin, mucous membrane irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and face shield; wear neoprene or butyl rubber gloves; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon, smoke, fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed; avoid high temps. Sorbax PTO-20 [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 85 CAS 9005-70-3 Uses: O/w emulsifier, solubilizer for flavors; emulsifier for veg. oils Regulatory: RCRA nonreportable; SARA 643

Part I: Trade Name Reference §311/312 Immediate Health Hazard; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Properties: Yel. liq., gel; bland odor; water-sol.; HLB 11.0; flash pt. (COC) 301 C; sapon. no. 88; volatiles < 1%; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: Causes eye, skin, mucous membrane irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and face shield; wear neoprene or butyl rubber gloves; incompat. with oxidizers; spills are slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon, smoke, fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed; avoid high temps. Sorbax PTS-20 [Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.com ] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 65 CAS 9005-71-4 Uses: O/w emulsifier, solubilizer for flavors; emulsifier for veg. oils Regulatory: RCRA nonreportable; SARA §311/312 Immediate Health Hazard; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Korea ECL; Philippine PICCS Properties: Waxy, yel. solid; fatty odor; watersol.; HLB 10.5; sapon. no. 93; volatiles < 4%; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: Causes eye, skin, mucous membrane irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields and face shield; wear neoprene or butyl rubber gloves; incompat. with oxidizers; spills are slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of carbon, smoke, fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed; avoid high temps. Sorbex [British Bakels http://www.bakels.com] Chem. Descrip.: Potassium sorbate, calcium propionate,and diluent CAS 590-00-1; 4075-81-4; EINECS/ELINCS 246376-1; 223-795-8 Uses: Mold inhibitor for cakes Properties: Powd. Use Level: 0.2% on batter wt. in flour confectionery Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in cool and dry conditions Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sorbifin® [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Sweetener, bulking agent in foods Sorbitan 60 K [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan monostearate See Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier for baking, o/w emulsions; emulsifier, volume improver, texturizer, stabilizer in batters; rehydration aid in active dry yeast; protective coating for raw fruits and vegs.; syn. flavoring agent; gloss aid in confectionery coatings Features: Highly lipophilic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.842 Properties: Waxy beads; disp. in oil; m.p. 130 F; acid no. 7; sapon. no. 152; hyd. no. 250; nonionic Use Level: 1-2% on shortening (cakes); 1% max. on total wt. (confectionery coatings); 0.30.5% on total wt. (coffee whiteners) Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; keep container closed when not in use Sorbitol Sol'n. High Mannitol [ADM Food Addit. http://www.admworld.com; http://food.admworld.com/food] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Sweetener, humectant, plasticizer, and stabilizer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 175.380, 176.210, 177.2420, 182.99, 184.1835; GRAS; USP, FCC compliance Toxicology: Noncarcinogenic Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store in tightly closed container Sorbitol Sol'n. Noncrystallizing [ADM Food Addit. http://www.admworld.com; http://food.admworld.com/food] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol with other polyhydric alcohols Uses: Humectant, sweetener, visc. builder for sugar-free foods Features: Noncariogenic; formulated to resist crystallization Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 175.380, 176.210, 177.2420, 182.99, 184.1835; GRAS; NF, JECFA, E420 644

Part I: Trade Name Reference compliance Properties: Clear, colorless syrup; no odor; sweet bland taste; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.2901.320; visc. 190 cps; b.p. 105 C; ref. index 1.457-1.467; 45-55% assay Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Store in dry, well-ventilated area in tightly closed containers Sorbitol Special™ Polyol Solution [SPI Pharma http://www.spipharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol (40-55%), sorbitol anhydrides (15-30%), mannitol (1-10%) See D-Mannitol; Sorbitol anhydride Uses: Plasticizer, gloss aid, moisture control agent for soft gelatin capsules, food supplements Features: Keeps capsule shell soft and pliable; reduces dry time of capsule shell; extends shelf life; noncrystallizing Regulatory: DMF no. 11651; USP pending; worldwide approvals Properties: Cl. visc. liq.; sol. in water; sp. gr. 1.32; b.p. > 212 F; 76% solids; 24% water Toxicology: Ing. of large amounts may cause gastrointestinal disturbances including a laxative action; no skin irritation from shortterm exposure Precaution: Wear goggles and gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx; low molecular weight hydrocarbons HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container tightly closed and store @ R.T. Sorbo® [SPI Polyols http://www.spipolyols.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol sol'n. CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Humectant, bodying agent, flavoring agent, nutritive sweetener, anticaking agent, curing agent, pickling agent, drying agent, emulsifier, firming agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, sequestrant, stabilizer, thickener, texturizer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1835, GRAS; kosher Properties: Water-wh. liq., essentially odorless, pleasantly sweet taste; sp.gr. > 1.285; visc. 130 cps; ref. index 1.458; 70% act. Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC [SPI Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Pharma http://www.spipharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitol sol'n. in water CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Humectant, sugar crystallization control agent in cereal coatings, chewing gum, cream centers, hard candy, dried fruit, icings, fillings, fondants, frozen desserts, jellies, sauces, sausage, shredded coconut, soft confections, diabetic prods.; nutritive sweetener Features: Inert; can withstand high temps. without browning; does not promote tooth decay; slowly absorbed Regulatory: USP, FCC, FDA 21CFR §184.1835 GRAS Properties: APHA 10 max., cl. visc. liq.; visc. ≈110 cps; b.p. ≈105 C @ 760 mm Hg; flash pt. >300 C; pH neutal to litmus Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 15.9 g/kg; LD50 (oral, mouse) > 17.8 g/kg; may cause sl. irritation to eyes; no skin irritation from short-term exposure; ing. of sm. amounts are nontoxic; ing. of large amounts can cause GI disturbances including a laxative action HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container tightly closed and store at room temperature Sorbogem™ [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Cryst. sorbitol CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Humectant, shelf life extender, texturizer, bodying agent, bulking agent, flavoring agent, sweetener, crystallization modifier/inhibitor, plasticizer, mouthfeel enhancer in foods, baked goods, cake mixes, icings, fillings, frozen desserts, dry roasted nuts, surimi, confectionery, etc. Regulatory: NF, FCC Properties: Wh. crystalline powd. or gran.; m.w. 182; sol. in water (235 g/100 ml water); m.p. 99-101 C; pH 3.5-7.0 (10% w/w in water); 91.0-100.5 assay (dry basis) Sorbogem™ 712 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Cryst. sorbitol NF, FCC CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Cryoprotectant, crystallization inhibitor, freeze pt. depressant, and plasticizer in food and confectionery applics. Regulatory: NF, FCC, Canada DSL 645

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Fine cryst. powd.; 95% < 420 µ, 65% > 74 µ particle size; sweet taste; sol. in water; m.w. 182.17; sp.gr. 1.28; 91-100.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,900 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 17,800 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear appropriate eye protection, impervious gloves HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container @ R.T.; hygroscopic Sorbogem™ 834 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Cryst. sorbitol NF, FCC CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Cryoprotectant, crystallization inhibitor, freeze pt. depressant, and plasticizer in food and confectionery applics. Regulatory: NF, FCC, Canada DSL Properties: Med.-coarse free-flowing powd.; 95% < 420 µ, 85% > 74 µ particle size; sweet taste; 91-100.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,900 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 17,800 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear appropriate eye protection, impervious gloves HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container @ R.T.; hygroscopic Sorbogem™ 1162 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Cryst. sorbitol NF, FCC CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Cryoprotectant, crystallization inhibitor, freeze pt. depressant, and plasticizer in food and confectionery applics. Regulatory: NF, FCC, Canada DSL Properties: Coarse free-flowing powd.; 75% < 840 µ, 95% > 44 µ particle size; sweet taste; 91-100.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,900 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 17,800 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear appropriate eye protection, impervious gloves HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container @ R.T.; hygroscopic Sorbogem™ 2016 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Cryst. sorbitol NF, FCC CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Cryoprotectant, crystallization inhibitor, freeze pt. depressant, and plasticizer in food and confectionery applics. Regulatory: NF, FCC, Canada DSL Properties: Wh. crystalline free-flowing odorless powd.; 92% < 420 µ, 88% > 74 µ particle size; sweet taste; sol. in water; in sol. in in vegetable and mineral oils; miscible in glycerin and propylene glycol in all proportions; flash pt. > 150 C; 91-100.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,900 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 17,800 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear appropriate eye protection, impervious gloves HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container @ R.T.; hygroscopic Sorbogem™ Fines [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: Cryst. sorbitol NF, FCC CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Uses: Cryoprotectant, crystallization inhibitor, freeze pt. depressant, and plasticizer in food and confectionery applics. Regulatory: NF, FCC, Canada DSL Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd.; 95% < 149 µ particle size; sweet taste; sol. in water (235 g/100 ml water); m.w. 182; m.p. 99-101 C; pH 3.5-7.0 (10% w/w in water); 91-100.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,900 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 17,800 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear appropriate eye protection, impervious gloves HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container @ R.T.; hygroscopic Sorgen 30 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan sesquioleate CAS 8007-43-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-360-1 Uses: Antifoamer and emulsifier for foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 3.7; nonionic; 100% conc. Sorgen 40 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan oleate CAS 1338-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 Uses: Antifoamer and emulsifier for foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 4.3; nonionic; 100% conc.

646

Part I: Trade Name Reference Sorgen 50 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Antifoamer and emulsifier for foods Properties: Pellet; HLB 4.7; nonionic; 100% conc. Sorgen 90 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan laurate CAS 1338-39-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-663-3 Uses: Antifoamer and emulsifier for foods Properties: Liq.; HLB 8.6; nonionic; 100% conc. Sorgen TW20 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE-20 sorbitan laurate See Polysorbate 20 CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Emulsifier and antifoaming agent for foods Properties: Liq.; water-sol.; HLB 16.7; nonionic; 100% conc. Sorgen TW60 [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: POE sorbitan stearate Uses: Emulsifier and antifoaming agent for foods Properties: Sl. yellowish-brn. paste; water-sol.; HLB 14.9; nonionic; 100% conc. Sour Base M [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Uses: Flavoring agent for specialty prods., bread, and rolls. Features: Imparts a tangy, natural fermentation flavor Sour Dough Base [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour, potato flour, buttermilk solids, monocalcium phosphate, whey powd., lactic acid, phosphoric acid, and acetic acid See Buttermilk powder; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Potato (Solanum tuberosum) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour; Whey, dry Uses: Sour for sour-dough breads and snacks Properties: Free-flowing powd.; pH 2.9-3.3; 1012% protein Soyapan™ [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fullfat soya flour, enzyme Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

active See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour CAS 68513-95-1 Uses: Emulsifier, flour improver, shelf life extender for wh. bread and toast, ready mixes, bread improvers, baking additives Features: Provides lighter crumb, freshness Properties: Powd. Soylec® 220T [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: pre-mix product of lecithin, refined soybean oil, and toasted flour See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Chem. Analysis: 8% max. moisture, 15-19% fat, 16% total dietary fiber; 350 calories /100g CAS 8002-43-5; 8001-22-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2; 232-274-4 Uses: Partial or complete egg and/or shortening replacer for pie crusts; bakery mixes; donuts; sweet goods; cakes; pastries Properties: Free-flowing powd.; 46% min. protein Soylec® A-10 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Premix prod. of lecithin and Bakers Nutrisoy See Lecithin; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Chem. Analysis: 16% total dietary fiber; 0.45% min. protein, 10-12% fat, 9% max. moisture; 300 calories/100 g Uses: For bakery mixes (donuts, sweet goods, cakes, pastries); 16% total dietary fiber; 360 calories/100 g Storage: Store <75 F and 60% relative humidity Soylec® C-15 [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Premix prod. of lecithin and soy bean flour See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Chem. Analysis: 16% total dietary fiber; 8% max. moisture; 0.46% max. protein; 14-18% max. fat; 360 calories/100 g Uses: Replacement for egg, milk, and/or shortening in bakery mixes (donuts, sweet goods, cakes, pastries) SP-10V [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan palmitate CAS 26266-57-9; EINECS/ELINCS 247-568-8 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Pale yel. flake; HLB 6.7; nonionic; 100% conc. 647

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: TSCA listed Span® 20 Pharma [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan laurate CAS 1338-39-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-663-3 Uses: W/o emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, lubricant, softener for foods Regulatory: EP Properties: Amber liq.; sol. (@ 1%) in IPA, perchloroethylene, xylene, cottonseed oil, min. oil; sol. (hazy) in propylene glycol; visc. 4250 cps; HLB 8.6; nonionic; 100% act. Span® 40 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan palmitate NF CAS 26266-57-9; EINECS/ELINCS 247-568-8 Uses: O/w coemulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, lubricant, softener for foods Properties: Tan solid; sol. (@ 1%) in IPA, xylene; sol. (hazy) in perchloroethylene; HLB 6.7; pour pt. 48 C; nonionic; 100% act. Span® 60 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate NF CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: O/w coemulsifier, stabilizer, solubilizer, thickener, lubricant, softener for foods; volume improver, texturizer in cakes, whipped toppings, confectionery coatings, coffee whiteners; improves chocolate props.; flavor dispersant; defoamer for process foods Features: For use alone or in combination with Tweens Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.842, 173.340; Canada compliance Properties: Tan beads; sol. (@1%): sol. in IPA; sol. (hazy) in perchloroethylene, xylene; insol. in water, cottonseed oil; HLB 4.7; pour pt. 127 F; nonionic Use Level: 0.8% (milk chocolate), 0.8% (confectionery coatings), 0.02-0.05% (defoaming) Span® 60 Pharma Powder [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: O/w coemulsifier, stabilizer, solubilizer, thickener, lubricant, softener, antistat for foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: EP Properties: Liq. to gel; HLB 4.7; nonionic Span® 60 Veg Spray [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Features: Vegetable source Properties: Beads; HLB 4.7; 100% conc. Span® 60K [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate NF CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, solubilizer, thickener, lubricant, softener for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.842 Properties: Pale cream beads; sol. (@1%): sol. in IPA; sol. (hazy) in perchloroethylene, xylene; HLB 4.7; pour pt. 53 C; nonionic; 100% act. Span® 65 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan tristearate CAS 26658-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, lubricant, softener for foods, margarine, shortening, confectionery coatings Regulatory: Canada compliance Properties: Cream solid; sol. (@ 1%) in IPA, perchloroethylene, xylene; HLB 2.1; pour pt. 53 C; nonionic; 100% act. Use Level: Canada: 1% max. in foods Span® 65K [Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan tristearate CAS 26658-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, lubricant, softener for foods, margarine, shortening, confectionery coatings Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Tan waxy bead; HLB 2.1; pour pt. 53 C; nonionic Span® 80V Pharma [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan oleate NF CAS 1338-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 Uses: Emulsifier for polymer dispersions used to clarify beet or cane sugar juice/liquor Regulatory: EP, FDA 21CFR 173.75; DOT 648

Part I: Trade Name Reference nonregulated; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable Properties: Yel. to amber liq.;sol. (@ 10%) in IPA, perchloroethylene, xylene, cottonseed oil, ethanol, min. oil, veg. oil; insol. in acetone, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, water; sp.gr. 1.0; visc. 1000 cps; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. > 100 C; HLB 4.3; acid no. 8 max.; sapon. no. 145-160; hyd. no. 193-210; pour pt. ≈ 3 F; flash pt. (COC) > 148.9 C; nonionic; 100% act.; 1-2% water Use Level: 0.70 ppm (sugar juice), 1.4 ppm (sugar liquor) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 39.8 g/kg; relatively harmless by ing.; no hazards are known to be associated with exposure; not likely to cause irritation via eye contact, skin contact, inh., or ing.; TSCA listed Environmental: BOD (28 d) 62 %; LC50 (96 h, static, rainbow trout) > 1000 mg/l Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents; wear safety goggles with side shields and impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO2, CO HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ 50-90 F in original closed container Span® 85 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan trioleate Chem. Analysis: 90-100%) CAS 26266-58-0; EINECS/ELINCS 247-569-3 Uses: O/w emulsifier, dispersant, stabilizer, thickener, lubricant, softener for foods, sausage casings Regulatory: DOT, TDG not regulated; RCRA nonreportable; Canada, Australia, Japan, China, Korea, Philippines compliance Properties: Amber liq.; sol. (@ 1%) in IPA, perchloroethylene, xylene, cottonseed and min. oils; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.95; visc. 210 cps; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; pour pt. ≈ 26 C; b.p. > 100 C; HLB 1.8; flash pt. (OC) > 300 F; nonionic; 100% act. Use Level: Canada: 0.35% of casing Toxicology: May cause sl. skin irritation Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields, impervious gloves; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in original container Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Spearmint Oil 603 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dihydrocarvone (1-10%), Carvone, L- (> 50%), Limonene, L- (10-50%), Menthone, L- (1-10%), Octanol, 3- (1-10%) See l-Carvone; d-Dihydrocarvone; lLimonene; l-Menthone; 3-Octanol CAS 7764-50-3; 6485-40-1; 5989-54-8; 1407397-3; 589-98-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-857-0; 229-352-5; 227-815-6; 237-926-1; 209-667-4 UN 3082 Uses: Flavor for food Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Properties: Nearly colorless liq.; mint-type odor; sol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 0.923; vapor dens. ≈ 5.2; b.p. 191 C; flash pt. (TCC) 74 C Toxicology: Harmful by ing.; skin irritant; may cause sensitization by skin contact; TSCA listed Environmental: very toxic to aquatic environment Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong acids, bases and materials that react with unsat. hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers and esters Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep container tightly closed; avoid prolonged exposure to air Spearmint Oil 660 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dihydrocarvone (1-10%), Limonene, L- (1-10%) See dDihydrocarvone; l-Limonene CAS 7764-50-3; 5989-54-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-857-0; 227-815-6 UN 1993 (bulk) Uses: Flavor for food Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Properties: Nearly colorless liq.; mint-type odor; sol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 0.951; vapor dens. ≈ 5.2; b.p. 225 C; flash pt. (TCC) 68 C Toxicology: Harmful by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with 649

Part I: Trade Name Reference strong acids, bases and materials that react with unsat. hydrocarbons and oxygenated terpenes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep container tightly closed; avoid prolonged exposure to air Special Liquid Invert Sugar [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Invert sugar CAS 8013-17-0 Uses: Sweetener for soft drinks, fruit drinks, and canning Properties: Liq.; pH 4.8±0.5; 33.2-38.4% sucrose Special Naphtholite 66/3 [CITGO Petrol. http://www.citgo.com/home.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: VM&P naphtha CAS 8032-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-453-7 UN 1268 Uses: Froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; food coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 175.105, 178.3530; SARA §302/304 nonreportable, §311/312 acute health/chronic health/fire hazard, §313 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 reportable (benzene, toluene) Properties: Colorless transparent liq.; lt. hydrocarbon odor; negligible sol. in cold water (< 0.01%); sp.gr. 0.750-0.770 (60/60 F); dens. 6.32 lb/gal; visc. 0.786 cSt (20 C); vapor pressure 5.2 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. -57 to -25 C; b.p. 125-151 C; flash pt. (TCC)18-20 C; autoignition temp. ≈ 232 C; ref. index 1.4198 (20 C); KB value 36; VOC 758 g/l Toxicology: ACGIH TLV TWA 300 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg; mist/vapor may irritate mucous membranes, respiratory tract; liq. contact may cause minimal eye, mod. to severe skin irritation/inflamm.; may be harmful by inh., skin absorp.; may be harmful or fatal by ing. ; overexposure may cause CNS depression, other target organ effects; aspiration into lungs can cause pulmonary edema, chem. pneumonia; TSCA listed Environmental: may cause oxygen depletion in waterways; potentially toxic to water ecosystems; may be hazardous to aquatic life; may contribute to smog; prevent entry into sewers, waterways; not a DOT marine Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pollutant Precaution: Flamm.; flamm. limits 0.9-6.7%; vapor may cause flash fire; vapors are heavier than air, may flash back; may create vapor/air explosion hazard in confined space; spills may create slipping hazard; floats on water; container can rupture in fire; prevent entry into basements, confined areas; bond and ground equip.; incompat. with strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers (liq. chlorine, other halogens, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: smoke, CO, CO2, possibly other harmful gases/vapors HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from heat, sparks, ignition sources, strong oxidizing conditions Special Oil 107 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl trienanthate Uses: Tracer oil for butter; release agent for conveyor belts in the prod. of sweets Properties: Liq.; dens. 0.96 kg/dm3; visc. 20 mPa·s; turbidity pt. -20 C; acid no. 0.3 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 385-395 Spleen Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Splenda® [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sucralose CAS 56038-13-2 Uses: Sweetener for foods (carbonate, still, and alcoholic beverages, baked goods, cereals, jams, dairy, confections, chewing gum) Features: Noncaloric; noncariogenic; made from sugar; approx. 600 times sweeter than sugar; extremely stable; maintains sweetness @ high food processing temps. (pasteurization, sterilization, etc.) and prolonged storage; stable in neutral and acidic prods. Properties: Free-flowing cryst. powd. or 25% aq. 650

Part I: Trade Name Reference sol'n.; sugar-like taste; water-sol. Environmental: biodeg.; nontoxic to fish and aquatic organisms SPL Lipase 30 [Scientific Protein Labs http://www.spl-pharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipolytic enzyme Uses: Fat-splitting enzyme for foods Properties: Cream-colored amorphous powd., faint char. but not offensive odor; partly sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; ≤ 5% moisture Storage: Store in tight containers in cool, dry place SPL Lipase-CE [Scientific Protein Labs http://www.spl-pharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lipolytic enzyme Uses: Fat-splitting enzyme for foods Properties: Cream-colored amorphous powd., faint char. but not offensive odor; partly sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; ≤ 5% moisture Storage: Store in tight containers in cool, dry place; protect from high temps. and excessive moisture SPL Pancreatin 4X USP [Scientific Protein Labs http://www.spl-pharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzymes, principally proteases, amylase, lipase See Protease Uses: Enzyme which hydrolyzes fats to glycerol and fatty acids, changes protein into proteoses and derived substances, converts starch to dextrins and sugars Properties: Cream-colored amorphous powd., faint char. but not offensive odor; partly sol. in water; insol. in alcohol Storage: Store in tight containers in cool, dry place SPL Pancreatin 6X USP [Scientific Protein Labs http://www.spl-pharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzymes, principally proteases, amylase, lipase See Protease Uses: Enzyme which hydrolyzes fats to glycerol and fatty acids, changes protein into proteoses and derived substances, converts starch to dextrins and sugars Properties: Cream-colored amorphous powd., faint char. but not offensive odor; partly sol. in water; insol. in alcohol Storage: Store in tight containers in cool, dry place SPL Pancreatin 8X USP [Scientific Protein Labs http://www.spl-pharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzymes, principally Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

proteases, amylase, lipase See Protease Uses: Enzyme which hydrolyzes fats to glycerol and fatty acids, changes protein into proteoses and derived substances, converts starch to dextrins and sugars Properties: Cream-colored amorphous powd., faint char. but not offensive odor; partly sol. in water; insol. in alcohol Storage: Store in tight containers in cool, dry place SPL Pancrelipase USP [Scientific Protein Labs http://www.spl-pharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzymes, principally lipase, amylase, protease Uses: Enzyme which hydrolyzes fats to glycerol and fatty acids, changes protein into proteoses and derived substances, converts starch to dextrins and sugars Properties: Cream-colored amorphous powd., faint char. but not offensive odor; partly sol. in water; insol. in alcohol Storage: Store in tight containers in cool, dry place Sponge-Up 20 [Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids, distilled monoglyceride, caseinate Uses: Sponge cake emulsifier Properties: Powd. Sporban Regular [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium benzoate, propylene glycol, methyl and propyl parabens, water, and citric acid See Methylparaben; Propylparaben Uses: Mold inhibitor, preservative in foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS Properties: Colorless cl. oily liq., odorless, sharp astringent flavor; 20% sodium benzoate, 2% methyl paraben, 1% propyl paraben Storage: 6 mos. shelf life stored under cool, dry conditions Spray Dried Beef Liver Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Frozen raw liver Chem. Analysis: 6% max. loss on drying Uses: Nutrient supplement for tablets and capsules Storage: Store in cool, dry area in tightly closed polyliners within secure containers Spray Dried Gum Arabic NF/FCC CS-R 651

Part I: Trade Name Reference [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Protective colloid, stabilizer, thickener for confectionery, candies, jellies, glazes, chewing gum, flavor emulsions, citrus oil and beverage flavor emulsions; foam stabilizer in beer; flavoring agent Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless; watersol. Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Protective colloid, stabilizer, suspending agent, visc. builder, emulsifier, film-former for foods (confectionery, flavors); sugar crystallization retarder in candies, jellies, glazes, chewing gums; foam stabilizer in brewing; flavoring agent Properties: Powd., almost odorless and tasteless; sol. in hot or cold water Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra [Gumix Int'l.] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Protective colloid, stabilizer, suspending agent, visc. builder, emulsifier, film-former for foods (confectionery, flavors); sugar crystallization retarder in candies, jellies, glazes, chewing gums; foam stabilizer in brewing; flavoring agent Properties: Powd., almost odorless and tasteless; sol. in hot or cold water Spray Dried Hemoglobin [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: High protein prod. collected from edible whole beef blood Uses: Meat protein supplement for meat prods. Spray Dried Pork Liver Powder [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Frozen raw liver Chem. Analysis: 6% max. loss on drying Uses: Nutrient supplement for tablets and capsules Storage: Store in cool, dry area in tightly closed polyliners within secure containers SQ®-48 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat gluten See Wheat Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Triticum vulgare) gluten Chem. Analysis: 12% moisture 47% protein, 1.5% fat CAS 8002-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-317-7 Uses: Filler, binder in meat prods. Properties: Lt. tan powd.; 12% moisture, 47% protein, 1.5% fat SS-10MV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 Uses: Emulsifier and dispersant in food Regulatory: Approved as food additive Properties: Wh. to pale yel. flake; HLB 4.7 SS-15V [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan sesquistearate Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Wh. to pale yel. flake; HLB 4.2; nonionic; 100% conc. SSL [Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium stearoyl lactylate CAS 25383-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 246-929-7 Uses: Emulsifier for food Sta-O-Paque® [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: waxy corn starch Uses: Body/mouthfeel enhancer, opacifying agent, visc. control agent for fruit drinks, nutritional drinks, sports drinks Sta-Set RC™ [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Rapeseed oil and cottonseed oil blend See Canola oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil Chem. Analysis: 0.10% max moisture; 0.15% max. free fatty acid CAS 8002-13-9; 8001-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-280-7 Uses: Crystal formation agent and stabilizer for peanut butter Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to yel. crystalline matrix; insol. in water; capillary m.p. 145 F; iodine no. 4; peroxide no. 1.0 max.; flash pt. > 500 F Precaution: Avoid inh. of veg. mists Storage: 120 day shelf life; store @ 65-80 F in area free of odors Stabil® 9 [ICL Performance Prods. 652

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic, calcium phosphate anhyd., calcium carbonate, precipitated amorphous silica See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Silica Uses: Leavening agent for self-rising flours, self-rising corn meal, and biscuit mixes for a full-volumed/light prod. Regulatory: FCC compliance Properties: Anhyd. wh. powd.; 20% max. on 200 mesh, 10% min. on 325 mesh; 92% min. assay Use Level: 0.5% max. (processed meat and poultry, seafood) StabilEnhance® OSR [Naturex http://www.naturex.com] Chem. Descrip.: rosemary extract containing carnosic acid See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract CAS 84604-14-8; 3650-09-7; EINECS/ELINCS 283-291-9 Uses: Antioxidant for snacks, animal fats, mayonnaise, potato flakes, cookies, flavors, and seafood Properties: Dk. brn. to gold liq. or tan powd.; lt. flavor; oil-sol.; 2.5-5% carnosic acid StabilEnhance® WSR [Naturex http://www.naturex.com] Chem. Descrip.: rosemary extract containing rosmarinic acid See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract CAS 84604-14-8; 20283-92-5 Uses: Enhances the freshness and increases shelf life of beer, soft drinks, and carotenoids; increases stability and enhances the colors of prods. containing anthocyanins Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§101.22; E.C. directive 88/388 and Properties: Tan powd.; very lt. flavor; oil-sol. Stabilite™ 1 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: maltitol, sorbitol and high m.w. polymers Chem. Analysis: Water 23-28% Uses: Stabilizer, sweetener for sugar-free caramels and hard candy, food, confectionery systems Features: Medium hygroscopicity Properties: Cl., visc. syrupy liq.; visc. 6200 cps; pH neutral Stabilite™ SD30 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: maltitol, sorbitol and high m.w. polymers Chem. Analysis: Moisture < 8% Uses: Stabilizer, sweetener for sugar-free caramels and hard candy, food, confectionery systems Properties: Wh. powd.; pH 4.0-5.0 (20% sol'n.) Stabilite™ SD60 [Corn Prods. Spec. Ingreds. http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/] Chem. Descrip.: maltitol, sorbitol and high m.w. polymers Chem. Analysis: Moisture < 8% Uses: Stabilizer, sweetener for sugar-free caramels and hard candy, food, confectionery systems Properties: Powd.; pH 4.0-5.0 (20% sol'n.) StabiTex 06330 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 11% moisture; 0.4% ash; SO2 10 mg/kg max. CAS 55963-33-2 Uses: Thickener recommended for food systems requiring light to moderate processing conditions, such as soups, sauces and gravies, canned foods, Oriental foods, dry mixes (cook-up), and aerated confectionery prods. Features: High viscosity in neutral pH systems; adaptable to most batch systems; cooks easily without prolonged hold times; creamy texture Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: Bland flavor; bulk dens. (packed) 770 g/l; pH 5.5 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 24 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity StabiTex-Instant™ 12620 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 4% moisture CAS 55963-33-2 Uses: Pregelatinized thickener and binder designed to provide good process stability in a wide variety of food prods., such cake and bakery mixes, fruit and pie fillings, instant puddings, soup, sauces, and gravy; provides moisture retention and extends 653

Part I: Trade Name Reference shelf life in baked products Features: Moderate viscosity without cooking; short texture; good paste clarity; not recommended for frozen food prods.; resistant to heat, acid and shear Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 and EC Directive 95/2/EC Properties: 90% thru US 200 Mesh (.075 mm); bulk dens. (packed) 690g/l; pH 5.8 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 12 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity StabiTex-Instant™ 12624 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture; 0.3 ash CAS 55963-33-2 Uses: Thickener designed for high-quality food prods., such cake and cookies, instant puddings and pie fillings, instant puddings, soup, sauces, and gravy, and extruded snack foods; provides moisture retention and extends shelf life in baked products Features: Extremely high viscosity without cooking; hydrates quickly; not recommended for frozen food prods.; good past clarity; smooth creamy texture Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 Properties: Bland flavor; 70% thru US 200 Mesh (.075 mm); bulk dens. (packed) 690 g/l; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 12 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 [Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Acetylated distarch phosphate Chem. Analysis: 5% moisture CAS 68130-14-3 Uses: Pregelatinized thickener and binder designed to provide good process stability in a wide range of food prods. such as fresh and frozen fruit fillings, instant puddings, pie fillings, cake, bakery, and batter mixes, soup, sauce and gravy mixes; provides moisture retention and extends shelf life in baked products Features: Resistant to heat, acid and shear Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

conditions; mod. hydration rate; provides viscosity without cooking; good cold storage and freeze-thaw stability short texture; good paste clarity Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 Properties: 85% thru US 200 Mesh (.075 mm); bulk dens. (packed) 800 g/l; pH 5.0 Precaution: Excessive dusting is flammable and explosive Storage: Shelf life 12 mos.; store in a clean, dry, odor-free area at ambient temperature and humidity Stabl Plus [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Icing stabilizer designed for wrapped icings; can be used in any icing Features: Highly conc. Sta-Freeze Icing Stabilizer [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Uses: Icing stabilizer, shelf life extender for transparent icings, frozen sweet and Danish icings Features: Boil type; produces icings with exc. freeze/thaw stability Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Plastic Use Level: 10% on powd. sugar Sta-Kleer 1000X Icing Stabilizer [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Uses: Icing stabilizer, shelf life extender for opaque cinnamon roll and donut icings Features: Boil type; not rec. for chocolate, maple or colored icings Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd. Use Level: 2.5-4% on powd. sugar Sta-Kleer C [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Uses: Icing stabilizer for semitransparent icings and glazings Features: Boil type; exc. eye appeal and shelf life Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 4-5% on powd. sugar Sta-Kwik Icing Stabilizer [Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com] Uses: Icing stabilizer for transparent flat icings and butter creams Features: Nonboil type for use where cooking facilities are not avail.; exc. for inj. cream 654

Part I: Trade Name Reference filings Properties: Powd. Use Level: 5-10% on powd.sugar Staley® 200-26/42 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid/enzyme, low conversion corn syrup EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Mild sweetener; adds body; retards crystallization Properties: Colorless; bland flavor, sl. sweet Staley® 300-36/42 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid/enzyme, low conversion corn syrup EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Mild sweetener; adds body; retards crystallization Properties: Colorless; bland flavor, sl. sweet Staley® 1300-42/43 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: acid converted, regular conversion corn syrup EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Improves body in ice cream, confections, canning, baking Staley® 3370 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: enzyme converted corn sweetener See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 90% dextrose; 10% corn sugars EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Sweetener in food Staley® 7350 Waxy No. 1 Starch [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener for foods Features: Thick boiling waxy starch; greater thickening, lower gelatinization temp., and improved paste clarity and stability than regular unmodified corn starch Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1 GRAS Properties: Wh. powd.; bulk dens. 40 lb/ft3; pH 4.5-6.0; 10-13% moisture Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP) [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Unmodified corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener, bodying agent for bakery fillings, salad dressings, gravies, puddings, sauces, stews, pet foods; adhesion promoter for breading mixes; texturizer for cakes, cookies, and snacks Properties: Wh. powd.; pH 4.0-6.5; 9-10% moisture Staleydex® 95 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: enzyme-converted corn sweetener that is 95% dextrose and 5% other corn sugars See Glucose Chem. Analysis: 95% dextrose CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener in canned fruits and vegetables and fermentation process for food and beverages Staleydex® 130 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: dextrose See Glucose CAS 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener in prepared food; flavoring agent in meat Properties: Cl., colorless liq. Staleydex® 333 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: D-glucose monohydrate See Glucose CAS 5996-10-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener for bakery prods., snacks, beverages, chewing gum, confectionery, sauces, soups, gravies, and dressings Features: Fermentable; 65-85% as sweet as sucrose Properties: Gran.; readily sol. in water Sta-Lite® 318 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: blend of Maltodextrin and Polydextrose CAS 9050-36-6; 68424-04-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Sweetener, body/mouthfeel improver, viscosity control agent in frozen dairy and dessert prods. Properties: Liq. Sta-Lite® 370 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydextrose CAS 68424-04-4 Uses: Bulking agent, bodying agent, 655

Part I: Trade Name Reference texturizer in reduced-calorie and lowcalorie foods (baked goods, confections, dairy, jams, jellies, soups, sauces, gravies); sweetener replacement in reduced-calorie, low-calorie foods Features: Nonsweet; low-calorie; provides only 1 Kcal/g Properties: Liq.; water-sol. Sta-Lite® III [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydextrose CAS 68424-04-4 Uses: Bulking agent, bodying agent, texturizer in reduced-calorie and lowcalorie foods (baked goods, confections, dairy, jams, jellies, soups, sauces, gravies); sweetener replacement in reduced-calorie, low-calorie foods Features: Nonsweet; low-calorie; provides only 1 Kcal/g Properties: Gran.; water-sol. Sta-Lite® III F [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydextrose CAS 68424-04-4 Uses: Bulking agent, bodying agent, texturizer in reduced-calorie and lowcalorie foods (baked goods, confections, dairy, jams, jellies, soups, sauces, gravies); sweetener replacement in reduced-calorie, low-calorie foods Features: Nonsweet; low-calorie; provides only 1 Kcal/g Properties: Fine gran.; water-sol. Sta-Lite® III WS [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydextrose CAS 68424-04-4 Uses: Bulking agent, sweetener replacement in low-calorie, reduced-calorie foods Features: Nonsweet; low-calorie; provides only 1 Kcal/g Properties: Gran.; water-sol. Stamere® CK NF FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Thickener, gellant for instant prods.; texturizer in lowfat meat prods. providing juiciness while reducing fat and increasing prod. yield; setting agent, syneresis control Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

agent, separation preventer in milk puddings, custards, and pies Properties: Lt. tan powd.; water-sol.; visc. > 250 cps (1%); pH 6-9 Stamere® CKM FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Stabilizer for instant puddings requiring no heat, ice cream, milk gel, water gel prods., gelatin-type desserts with sheen and mouthfeel of gelatin, low-calorie jams and jellies; moisture control agent, fat control agent in meat prods. Properties: Lt. tan powd.; water-sol.; visc. > 500 cps (1%); pH 8.0-10.5 Use Level: 0.5-0.7% (instant pudding), 0.4% (ice cream) Stamere® CK-S NF FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Suspending agent, stabilizer, thickener, gelling agent for food industry Properties: Water-sol. Stamere® HT [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fucelleran Uses: Gellant for water-gel prods., gelatintype desserts with sheen and mouthfeel of gelatin, low-calorie jams and jellies Stamere® N-325 NF FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Suspending agent, stabilizer, thickener, gelling agent for food industry Properties: Water-sol. Stamere® N-350 E FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant for water-gel prods., gelatintype desserts with sheen and mouthfeel of gelatin, low-calorie jams and jellies Properties: Off-wh. to lt. tan powd.; ≥ 97% through 40 mesh; pH 8-10 656

Part I: Trade Name Reference Stamere® N-350 NF FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Suspending agent, stabilizer, thickener, gellant for foods Properties: Water-sol. Stamere® N-350 S NF FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Suspending agent, stabilizer, thickener, gelling agent for food industry Properties: Water-sol. Stamere® NI NF FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Suspending agent, stabilizer, thickener, gelling agent for food industry Stamere® NIC FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Stabilizer, texturizer, ice crystal control agent for ice cream and related milk prods. Features: Provides smooth, creamy texture with elimination of ice formation; produces slow, smooth melt down Properties: Off-wh. to lt. tan powd.; ≥ 97% through 60 mesh; pH 8-10 Use Level: 0.3-0.12% Stamere® NK [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant, setting agent, syneresis control agent, separation preventer for milk gels such as puddings, custards, pies, etc. Sta-Mist® 7415 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Clouding agent for foods and beverages, esp. carbonated soft drinks Features: Lipophilic starch producing an opaque Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsion when cooked and processed with certain oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. pearl powd.; pH 5.7; 11% moisture Standard Super-Cel [Celite http://www.worldminerals.com/celite.html] Chem. Descrip.: Diatomaceous earth CAS 7631-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Filler, filter aid, carrier for beer Properties: Buff/pink powd.; 3.5 µ median pore size; 4% 150 mesh residue; sp.gr. 2.2; dens. 8 lb/ft3 (dry); pH 7; 0.5% moisture Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patcoadditives.com] Uses: Icing stabilizer, shelf-life extender for icings and glazes incl. transparent sweet roll and Danish icings, chlocolate, white, or maple donut icings, and donut glazes Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 6-8% on powd. sugar Star Flake® Dendritic ES Salt [Morton Salt http://www.mortonsalt.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chloride FCC with anticaking additive (0.5% sodium silicoaluminate), crystal modifying agent (sodium ferrocyanide) Uses: Table salt Features: High purity food-grade Regulatory: Sodium silicoaluminate: GRAS, 21CFR §182.2727; sodium silicoaluminate and sodium ferrocyanide: exempt from label declaration under 21CFR 101.100(a)(3) Properties: Powd.; 25-45% retained on 70 mesh, 16-38% on 100 mesh; mean crystal size 230 µm; mean surf. area 270 cm2/g; bulk dens. 0.85-0.93 g/ml (loose); 99.9% NaCl Star Flake® Dendritic Salt [Morton Salt http://www.mortonsalt.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chloride FCC with crystal modifying agent (sodium ferrocyanide) Uses: Salt for comminuted meats, seasonings/flavors, cheddar/Colby cheese processing, cottage cheese, peanut butter, potato/corn chips, oil-roasted snacks, condiments, cake mixes, breadings, enzyme preps., curing prods., sauces Features: High purity; food-grade; high specific surf. area, rapid dissolution rate/flowability, 657

Part I: Trade Name Reference high liq. adsorptive capacity and caking resist., and low apparent density Regulatory: Sodium ferrocyanide: FDA 21CFR §172.490 Properties: Porous star-shaped cryst. cubes; 2545% retained on 70 mesh, 16-38% on 100 mesh; mean crystal size 230 µm; mean surf. area 270 cm2/g; bulk dens. 0.85-0.93 g/ml (loose); 99.9% NaCl Star™ Glycerine USP, FCC [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin USP (96% min.) in water CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Humectant, sweetener Regulatory: USP/FCC, DOT/ADR/RID/IMDG/ICAO/IATA not regulated; Canada DSL; Japan; Australia; Philippines; China; Korea Properties: APHA 10 max. cl. visc. liq.; bland odor; sweet taste; completely sol. in water; misc. with ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ether, chloroform; sp.gr. 1.2517-1.2531; visc. ≈ 1410 mPa·s; vapor pressure < 0.1 mm Hg; b.p. > 288 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 198.9 C; autoignition temp. ≈ 393 C; 4% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; may cause mild, transient eye irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (goldfish, 24 h) > 5 g/l; LC0 (golden orfe, 48 h) > 250 mg/l; LC100 (rainbow trout, 96 h) 51-57 g/l; NOEC (chilomonas paramecium, 48 h) > 10 g/l, (entosiphon sulcatum, 72 h) 3200 mg/l; biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal reaction may release acrolein Storage: Store in clean, tight containers to prevent moisture pickup from air; can be stored in aluminum, stainless steel, fiberglass or resin lined steel vessels Star™ K Glycerine USP, FCC [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin USP (96% min.) in water CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Humectant, sweetener Regulatory: USP/FCC, EP, kosher, DOT/ADR/RID/IMDG/ICAO/IATA not regulated; Canada DSL; Japan; Australia; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Philippines; China; Korea Properties: APHA 10 max. cl. visc. liq.; bland odor; sweet taste; completely sol. in water; misc. with ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ether, chloroform; sp.gr. 1.2517-1.2531; visc. ≈ 1410 mPa·s; vapor pressure < 0.1 mm Hg; b.p. > 288 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 198.9 C; autoignition temp. ≈ 393 C; 4% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; may cause mild, transient eye irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (goldfish, 24 h) > 5 g/l; LC0 (golden orfe, 48 h) > 250 mg/l; LC100 (rainbow trout, 96 h) 51-57 g/l; NOEC (chilomonas paramecium, 48 h) > 10 g/l, (entosiphon sulcatum, 72 h) 3200 mg/l; biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal reaction may release acrolein Storage: Store in clean, tight containers to prevent moisture pickup from air; can be stored in aluminum, stainless steel, fiberglass or resin lined steel vessels Star™ V Glycerine USP, FCC [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin USP (96% min.) in water CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Humectant, sweetener Regulatory: USP/FCC, EP, DOT/ADR/RID/IMDG/ICAO/IATA not regulated; Canada DSL; Japan; Australia; Philippines; China; Korea Properties: APHA 10 max. cl. visc. liq.; bland odor; sweet taste; completely sol. in water; misc. with ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ether, chloroform; sp.gr. 1.2517-1.2531; visc. ≈ 1410 mPa·s; vapor pressure < 0.1 mm Hg; b.p. > 288 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 198.9 C; autoignition temp. ≈ 393 C; 4% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; may cause mild, transient eye irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (goldfish, 24 h) > 5 g/l; LC0 (golden orfe, 48 h) > 250 mg/l; LC100 (rainbow trout, 96 h) 51-57 g/l; NOEC (chilomonas paramecium, 48 h) > 10 g/l, (entosiphon sulcatum, 72 h) 3200 mg/l; biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, 658

Part I: Trade Name Reference strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal reaction may release acrolein Storage: Store in clean, tight containers to prevent moisture pickup from air; can be stored in aluminum, stainless steel, fiberglass or resin lined steel vessels StarchPlus™ SPR [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Gellant, shortening, fat substitute for baked goods, sucrose pudding systems Features: Short texture starch; easy mixing; retains most of rice protein while most of fat and fiber are removed; freeze/thaw stable; replaces up to 50% fat in baked goods Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Granulation 95% < 200 mesh; easily dispersed; bulk dens. 28 lb/ft3; pH 6.9 (10% disp.); < 5% moisture StarchPlus™ SPW-LP [Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Low protein waxy rice starch See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8 Uses: Fat replacement for frozen desserts Features: Long texture starch; low flavor impact; exc. freeze/thaw props. Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Gel; low flavor; bulk dens. 28 lb/ft3; pH 6.3 (10% disp.); < 5% moisture Use Level: 1-5% Starco™ 447 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for instant foods, dry mixes, puddings, icings, cream fillings, dips, soup mixes, spreads Features: Pregelatinized starch; produces heavy-flow pastes with smooth, creamy texture; imparts sl. fudge-like delicate mouthfeel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; 1% max. on 140 mesh, 90% min. through 200 mesh; pH 5.5; 5.5% max. moisture

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Star-Dri® 1 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 1 DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Flavor carrier, binder, nutritive additive, anticaking agent, mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent for bakery mixes Features: Provides blandness Properties: Powd.; dens. 31 lb/ft3 Star-Dri® 5 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 5 DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Flavor carrier, nutritive additive, anticaking agent, binder, mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent for frostings, dairy desserts Features: Provides solubility, blandness Properties: Powd.; dens. 32 lb/ft3 Star-Dri® 10 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 10 DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Flavor carrier, nutritive additive, anticaking agent, binder, mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent for dairy desserts, sugar fondants, batters Features: Provides solubility, blandness Properties: Powd.; dens. 34 lb/ft3 Star-Dri® 15 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 15 DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Flavor carrier, nutritive additive, anticaking agent, binder, mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent for confections, beverage mixes, dairy desserts Features: Provides solubility, blandness Properties: Powd.; dens. 35 lb/ft3 Star-Dri® 18 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 18 DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Flavor carrier, nutritive additive, anticaking agent, binder, mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent for dairy desserts Features: Provides solubility, blandness 659

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Powd.; dens. 36 lb/ft3 Star-Dri® 20 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Maintains visc. and body as fat content is reduced in adult and infant nutritional formulas, salad dressings Properties: Powd.; m.w. 3736; dens. 38 lb/ft3; DE 20 Star-Dri® 42C [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup solids Chem. Analysis: 44 DE CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Maintains visc. and body as fat content is reduced in meats, dry mixes, ice cream Properties: Coarsely ground powd.; m.w. 1120; dens. 38 lb/ft3 Star-Dri® 42F [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup solids Chem. Analysis: 44 DE CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Maintains visc. and body as fat content is reduced in frostings, fondants, confections Properties: Finely ground powd.; m.w. 1120; dens. 30 lb/ft3 Star-Dri® 42R [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup solids Chem. Analysis: 44 DE CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Maintains visc. and body as fat content is reduced in meats, dry mixes, ice cream Properties: Powd.; m.w. 1120; dens. 38 lb/ft3 Star-Dri® 150 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 15 DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Carrier Star-Dri® 180 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin derived from dent corn Chem. Analysis: 18 DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Processing aid and viscosity control agent in beverages; sweetener and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

humectant in bakery prods. and snacks Star-Dri® 200 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup solids derived from waxy corn Chem. Analysis: 20 DE CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Sweetener and bulking agent for fruit fillings and jams Star-Dri® 240 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3 Uses: Carrier Properties: DE 24 Star-Dri® 1005A [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 10 DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Dispersant, bulking agent, nutritive additive, anticaking agent, binder, mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent for nutritional beverages, dry mixes, sauces, gravies, spice blends; carrier for oil-sol. flavors, emulsifiers, colors, fats Features: Provides rapid solubility, blandness Properties: Agglomerated powd.; < 20% on 20 mesh, < 20% through 200 mesh; dens. 5 lb/ft3; pH 4-6; 6% max. moisture Star-Dri® 1015A [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin Chem. Analysis: 10 DE CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Dispersant, bulking agent, nutritive additive, anticaking agent, binder, mouthfeel enhancer, bodying agent for nutritional beverages, dry mixes Features: Provides solubility, blandness Properties: Agglomerated powd.; dens. 15 lb/ft3 Starplex® 90 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: High-purity, molecularly distilled monoglyceride prepared from edible fats or oils and glycerin with TBHQ and citric acid See t-Butyl hydroquinone Uses: Softener, shelf life extender in baked goods; emulsifier, stabilizer for fat in sauces and gravies; starch complexing agent for pasta, cereal 660

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Provides increased hydration and improved functionality of the monoglyceride Regulatory: FDA GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to cream powd.; water-disp.; m.p. 63-69 C; acid no. 4.0 max.; iodine no. 2530; sapon. no. 150-165; 90% min. alpha monoester Use Level: 0.2-1.0%; 2-6 oz/cwt flour Storage: Store below 90 F Starspray [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Uses: Release emulsion for use by the instore and craft baker Features: For applic. by brush or hand spray Starwax® 100 [Baker Petrolite/Polymers http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite/p olymers] Chem. Descrip.: Hard microcrystalline wax consisting of n-paraffinic, branched paraffinic, and naphthenic hydrocarbons CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Chewing gum base; microcapsules for flavoring substances Regulatory: Incl. FDA §172.230, 172.615, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 178.3710, 179.45 Properties: Color 1.0 (D1500) wax; very low sol. in org. solvs.; sp.gr. 0.93; visc. 15 cps (99 C); m.p. 88 C

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland taste; pH 4.5; 4% moisture Sta-Slim™ 143 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from potato starch See Food starch, modified Uses: Fat replacement, mouthfeel enhancer for low-fat foods, salad dressings, baked goods, imitation cream cheese, soups, meat prods.; texturizer, water binder for meats; body/mouthfeel enhancer, humectant for fruit fillings; humectant, shelf-life/freshness improver, visc. control agent for bakery, snacks Features: 4 calorie/g; provides appearance of higher fat prods.; aids perception of creaminess Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland taste; pH 7; 11% moisture

Sta-Rx® NF [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch NF See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Food starch Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; meets specs for food starch modified Properties: Wh. powd., free of objectionable odor, sl. char. taste; 0.5% max. on 80 mesh, 5% max. on 325 mesh; pH 64.5-7.0.0; 9.512.5% moisture

Sta-Slim™ 150 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Instant, pregelatinized modified food starch derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Fat replacement, mouthfeel enhancer for low-fat foods, salad dressings, baked goods; body/mouthfeel enhancer, cold processing aid, fat reducer, visc. control in dairy; body/mouthfeel enhancer, calorie reducer, cold processing aid, fat reducer, gelling agent, shelf-life/freshness improver in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Features: 4 calorie/g; provides appearance of higher fat prods.; aids perception of creaminess Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland taste; pH 4.5; 4% moisture

Sta-Slim™ 142 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Instant, pregelatinized modified food starch derived from potato See Food starch, modified Uses: Fat replacement, mouthfeel enhancer for low-fat foods, salad dressings, baked goods Features: 4 calorie/g; provides appearance of higher fat prods.; aids perception of creaminess

Sta-Slim™ 151 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Fat replacer, mouthfeel enhancer for low-fat foods, salad dressings, baked goods; humectant, shelf-life/freshness improver, visc. control agent for bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer, fat reducer, visc. control agent in dairy; body/mouthfeel enhancer, fat reducer, visc.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference control agent, gelling agent, shelflife/freshness improver in soups, sauces, gravies, dressings Features: 4 calorie/g; provides appearance of higher fat prods.; aids perception of creaminess Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bland taste; pH 7; 11% moisture Sta-White [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patco-additives.com] Uses: Icing stabilizer, shelf-life extender for very white opaque icings and glazes for sweet rolls, Danishes, and donuts Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 4-5% on powd. sugar Staybelite® Ester 5-E [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl hydrogenated rosinate CAS 65997-13-9; EINECS/ELINCS 266-042-9 Uses: Thermoplastic syn. resin; as softener/plasticizer for the masticatory agent in chewing gum bases; used in food processing operations Properties: USDA Rosin solid, flakes; low odor; sol. in esters, ketones, higher alcohols, glycol ethers, and aliphatic, aromatic, and chlorinated hydrocarbons; dens. 1.06 kg/l; Hercules drop soften. pt. 81 C; acid no. 5 STEPANOL® LCP [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium lauryl sulfate CAS 151-21-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-788-1 Uses: Emulsifier, whipping agent, surfactant, wetting agent in foods Features: Low cloud pt. Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21CFR §172.822, 176.170, 176.210, 177.1210, 177.1630, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3400; EU, Japan, Canada, and Australia listed Properties: Cl. low-visc. liq.; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.03; dens. 8.6 lb/gal; visc. 20 cps; f.p. 11 C; pour pt. 14 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 94 C; pH 78.5 (10%); 0% RVOC; anionic; 28-30% act. Toxicology: Sl. toxic orally; mod. eye irritant; mild skin irritant Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store in sealed containers in cool, dry place @ 90-125 F Sterotex® HM NF [ABITEC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated soybean oils; conforms to hydrogenated vegetable oil NF CAS 8016-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-410-2 Uses: Tablet lubricant for nutrition Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. fine powd., yel. oil when melted; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.9; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; m.p. 67-70 C; b.p. > 500 F; acid no. 0.4 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 186196; flash pt. (COC) > 550 F Toxicology: Veg. oil mists classified as 'nuisance particles' Precaution: Oil-soaked materials may spontaneously combust; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place Sterotex® K [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated castor oil Uses: Lubricant for tablets, clinical nutrition Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. to lt. tan powd., odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.9; bulk dens. 0.48; m.p. 8184 C; b.p. > 500 f; acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 185-195; flash pt. (COC) > 600 F Toxicology: Nontoxic; veg. oil mists classified as 'nuisance particles' Precaution: Oil-soaked materials may spontaneously combust Sterotex® NF [ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated cottonseed oil CAS 68334-00-0; EINECS/ELINCS 269-804-9 Uses: Lubricant for tableting and compaction in nutritional supplements Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. powd. @ R.T., lt. yel. oil when melted; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.9; m.p. 140-145 F; b.p. > 500 F; acid no. 0.4 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 188-198; flash pt. (COC) > 640 F Toxicology: Veg. oil mists classified as 'nuisance particles'; sl. irritating to eyes, skin Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Wear safety glasses, PVC gloves, work uniform; oil-soaked materials may spontaneously combust; incompat. with oxidizers 662

Part I: Trade Name Reference NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area; keep container closed when not in use Stir-N-Set® FG [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified starch derived from tapioca CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Cold processing gelling agent in pastry fillings, imitation custards, cake icings, and spoonable salad dressings, and in foods for institutional, fast food, and restaurant trades Features: Does not require the addition of salts to form the gel; disperses easily in aq. media; performs well in acid and neutral media Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin and by ing. Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Stomach Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Struct-Sure® 20 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Stabilizer, texturizer, visc. builder, moisture control agent for cultured dairy prods., gelatin-free yogurts, sour cream, cheese derivs., puddings Features: Rec. for dairy systems with high shear and higher temp. HTST processing; vegetarian and kosher status on labels Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; sl. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 10% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Struktol® Calcium Stearate [Struktol http://www.struktol.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium stearate CAS 1592-23-0; EINECS/ELINCS 216-472-8 Uses: Defoamer in food processing; flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, release agent, stabilizer, thickener in foods; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Features: High purity, clear melt, nonwettable, low dusting Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 177.1200, 177.2410, 177.2600, 178.2010, 181.29, 184.1229 Properties: Powd.; 7.5% max. on 200 mesh, 1% max. on 100 mesh; bulk dens. 20-22 lb/ft3; m.p. 148-150 C; 4% max. moisture; 11.2% max. CaO Storage: Unlimited storage stability in cool, dry area Struktol® TR 016 [Struktol http://www.struktol.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of calcium fatty acid salt and amide with sites avail. for hydrogen bonding Uses: Defoamer in food processing; adjuvant, lubricant, release agent, stabilizer, thickener in foods; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 177.1200, 177.1400, 177.2260, 177.2410, 177.2600, 178.2010, 178.3860, 179.45, 181.29, 184.1229 Properties: Pale yel. pellets or microbeads, neutral odor; sp.gr. 1.0; m.p. 99 C; flash pt. > 290 C 663

Part I: Trade Name Reference Toxicology: Harmless Storage: > 2 yrs. storage stability under normal storage conditions Struktol® TR 065 [Struktol http://www.struktol.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of med. m.w. resins Uses: Chewing gum base; moisture barrier on soft gelatin capsules Features: Stable to 700 F processing temps.; compat. with polar and nonpolar polymers Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.280, 172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 177.1200, 177.2600 Properties: Lt. tan color, resinous odor; sp.gr. 1.01; drop pt. 108 C Storage: 2 yrs. min. stability under normal storage conditions Struktol® TR 141 [Struktol http://www.struktol.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sat. primary amide Uses: Release agent migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, 177.1210, 178.3910, 179.45, 181.28 Properties: Cream-colored beads or pellets; relatively insol. in water; limited sol. in alcohol, ketones, aromatic solvs.; bulk dens. 0.6 lb/ft3; m.p. 98-104 C; acid no. 9; iodine no. 1 max.; flash pt. 210 C; 94% amide Storage: 2 yr. min. storage stability under normal storage conditions Sturcal® F PCC [Mins. Tech. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Nutritional supplement and calcium fortifier in cereals, baked goods, beverages including milk and soymilk, yogurts, probiotics, and granola and other snack bars Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §176.170, 176.180, GRAS; USP, BP, Eur. Ph. Properties: Wh. odorless, powd.; partially sol. in water; dens. 0.78-0.96 g/ml; 60-100% Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust may irritate eyes and skin; resp. tract irritant Environmental: not harmful to aq. life Precaution: Ignites on contact with F; avoid contact with acids HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Sturcal® H PCC [Mins. Tech. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Calcium source and bulking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §176.170, 176.180, GRAS; USP, BP, Eur. Ph. Properties: Wh. odorless, powd.; partially sol. in water; dens. 0.78-0.96 g/ml; 60-100% Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust may irritate eyes and skin; resp. tract irritant Environmental: not harmful to aq. life Precaution: Ignites on contact with F; avoid contact with acids HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Sturcal® L PCC [Mins. Tech. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Bulking agent in food Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §176.170, 176.180, GRAS; USP, BP, Eur. Ph. Properties: Wh. odorless, powd.; partially sol. in water; dens. 0.78-0.96 g/ml; 60-100% Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust may irritate eyes and skin; resp. tract irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: not harmful to aq. life Precaution: Ignites on contact with F; avoid contact with acids HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area sub4salt® [Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/] Chem. Descrip.: mineral salts blend Uses: Sodium reducer, sodium substitute for bakery prods., canned foods, convenience foods, dietetic foods, food supplements, sauces, sausages, soups, flavors, seasoning mix for snacks Properties: Grans.; salty taste Sucrosweet 210 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: blend of sucrose and glucose CAS 57-50-1; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200334-9; 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy desserts, sauces 664

Part I: Trade Name Reference Sucrosweet 311 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: blend of sucrose and glucose CAS 57-50-1; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200334-9; 200-075-1 Uses: Sweetener in beverages, dairy desserts, sauces Sulfotex OA [Cognis/Care Chems.; Cognis Canada] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate CAS 126-92-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-812-8 Uses: Foaming agent, wetting agent for food processing Features: Effective in high electrolyte concs. Properties: Lt. amber; dens. 9.2 lb/gal; pH 8.010.0 (10%); anionic; 43-46% act. Environmental: biodeg. Sunett® Food A [Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acesulfame K See Acesulfame potassium CAS 55589-62-3; EINECS/ELINCS 259-715-3 Uses: Sweetener for beverages, confectionery, dairy prods., table sweeteners, and baked goods Features: Superb solubility; 200 times sweeter than sugar; exc. storage, temp., and pH stability Regulatory: JECFA, FCC, EC, JSFA, EU, and USP compliant Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; particle size < 1000 µm Sunett® Food B [Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acesulfame K See Acesulfame potassium CAS 55589-62-3; EINECS/ELINCS 259-715-3 Uses: Sweetener for food dry mixes Features: Exc. dry mixing; 200 times sweeter than sugar; exc. storage, temp., and pH stability Regulatory: JECFA, FCC, EC, JSFA, EU, and USP compliant Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; particle size < 100-600 µm Sunett® Food C [Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acesulfame K See Acesulfame potassium CAS 55589-62-3; EINECS/ELINCS 259-715-3 Uses: Sweetener for food dry mixes, table top sweeteners, and sachets Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: 200 times sweeter than sugar; exc. storage, temp., and pH stability Regulatory: JECFA, FCC, EC, JSFA, EU, and USP compliant Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; particle size < 355 µm Sunett® Food D [Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acesulfame K See Acesulfame potassium CAS 55589-62-3; EINECS/ELINCS 259-715-3 Uses: Sweetener for food dry mixes, chewing gum, table top sweetener, and sachets Features: Larger surface area; 200 times sweeter than sugar; exc. storage, temp., and pH stability Regulatory: JECFA, FCC, EC, JSFA, EU, and USP compliant Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; particle size < 100 µm Sunmalt [Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm] Chem. Descrip.: Maltose monohydrate, food grade See Maltose Chem. Analysis: Moisture < 7% CAS 6363-53-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5 Uses: Sweetener, bulking agent; prolongs shelf life of baked goods; stabilizes and enhances flavors; microbial growth inhibitor on poultry skin; sugar crystallization inhibitor; oils/fats absorber; sweetness reducer; food processing improver Features: One-third the sweetness of sucrose; more heat- or acid-stable than sucrose and is less subject to decomp. or denaturation in food processing Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., free of undesirable odor or taste; 100% through 10 mesh, 15-20% through 50 mesh, 70-75% through 100 mesh; sol. 70 mg/100 ml; m.w. 342; m.p. 120-125 C; pH 4.0-6.0; > 92% purity Use Level: 1.2-2.6% (drinks), 1-2% (bakery prods.), 10-20% (chocolate), 7-10% (chewing gum), 3-4% (ice cream), 20-25% (candy), 1520% (jam), 30-100% (tablets) Sunmalt™ S [Mitsubishi Int'l. http://www.micusa.com] Chem. Descrip.: Crystalline maltose EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5 Uses: Sweetener, sweetness reducer in foods, savory batters, reduced-fat prods.; 665

Part I: Trade Name Reference melts on baked goods yielding glossy, nontacking coating; adhesion promoter for particulates on baked goods; nutrient providing twice the avail. energy in sports drinks as glucose Features: 30% as sweet as sucrose; exc. flow props. Properties: Spray-dried powd.; m.p. 120-125 C Sunny Safe [Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose fatty acid ester compd. See Sucrose fatty acid esters CAS 977019-37-6 Uses: Washing agent for foods Properties: Liq.; nonionic Superb® Oil Hydro Winterized Soybean Oil [ADM Refined Oils http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Partially hydrogenated soybean oil CAS 8016-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-410-2 Uses: Veg. oil for salad dressings, cooking, baking, frying, processed foods Properties: Cl. brilliant oil, bland flavor; iodine no. 125±4; peroxide no. 1 max. Supercol® G2-S [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Improves cling of gravies, sauces; good pour chars.; stabilizer, bodying agent for ice cream and frozen desserts Features: Resistant to meltdown; heat-shock resistance by reducing crystal growth during storage Use Level: 0.1-0.25% Supercol® G3-S [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Chem. Analysis: 13% max. moisture; 0.7 max. fat; 0.9% max. ash CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Improves cling of gravies, sauces; good pour chars.; stabilizer, bodying agent for ice cream; bodying agent in gravies Features: Used where fast disp., high visc., and gradual hydration rate are desired; low content of fines Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1339 Properties: Wh. to cream color powd.; particle size 98% min. thru U.S> sieve #60; disp. in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

water Supercol® GF [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Bodying agent; improves mouthfeel in beverages; improves suspension of meat/veg. chunks in soups; aids cling in gravies, sauces; prevents syneresis, improves shelf life in cheese spreads; thickener for dry mixes; frozen foods, frostings, jams, meats Properties: Med. to fine grans.; 150 mesh;rapid cold-water hydration Use Level: ≤ 0.3% Supercol® U [Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Bodying agent; mouthfeel enhancer in beverages; syneresis preventer, shelf life extender in cheese spreads; thickener for dry mixes; frozen foods Properties: Fine grans.; 200 mesh; rapid coldwater hydration Use Level: ≤ 0.5% Superfine Ground Mustard [French's Ingreds. http://www.frenchsflavoringredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mustard Uses: Flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, emulsifier, suspending agent, opacifier for sauces, dressings, low-fat and fat-free applics. Features: Savory; stable to high heat, acid, salt; provides opacity and cling Properties: Disp. in water Superfloc® 103G [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Emulsion; anionic Superfloc® 107GD [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 666

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Powd.; anionic Superfloc® 130G [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Emulsion; anionic Superfloc® 130GH [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Emulsion; anionic Superfloc® 135GD [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Powd.; anionic Superfloc® 220G [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Emulsion; cationic Superfloc® 234GD [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Powd.; cationic Superfloc® 240G [Cytec Ind. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Emulsion; cationic Superfloc® 240GL [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Emulsion; cationic Superfloc® 240GSD [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Emulsion; cationic Superfloc® 255G [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Emulsion; cationic Superfloc® 730G [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyamine Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Liq. Superfloc® 770G [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyamine Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Liq. 667

Part I: Trade Name Reference Superfloc® 781G [Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyamine Uses: Flocculant, dewatering aid for food processing waste destined for recycling as animal feed Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Liq. Storage: Magnifloc® 781G Superla® No. 5 [Chevron http://www.chevron.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3570, 178.3620, 573.680, USDA, USP, CTFA approved; kosher; pareve; RCRA, SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China ECS; Europe EINECS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless liq.; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.831; visc. 7.84 cSt (40 C), 53 SUS (100 C); pour pt. -7 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 154 C; ref. index 1.4660; vapor pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 100 F Toxicology: Not expected to be eye, skin irritant; not expected to be harmful if ing., inh.; ACGIH TLV TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid release into sewage, drainage systems, bodies of water; use in well-ventilated area; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ground all containers Superla® No. 7 [Chevron http://www.chevron.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3570, 178.3620, 573.680, USDA, USP, CTFA approved; kosher; pareve; RCRA, SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China ECS; Europe EINECS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless liq.; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.851; visc. 13.3 cSt (40 C), 75 SUS (100 C); Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pour pt. -18 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 182 C; ref. index 1.4666; vapor pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 100 F Toxicology: Not expected to be eye, skin irritant; not expected to be harmful if ing., inh.; ACGIH TLV TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid release into sewage, drainage systems, bodies of water; use in well-ventilated area; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ground all containers Superla® No. 9 [Chevron http://www.chevron.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3570, 178.3620, 573.680, USDA, USP, CTFA approved; kosher; pareve; RCRA, SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China ECS; Europe EINECS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless liq.; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.852; visc. 15.6 cSt (40 C), 85 SUS (100 C); pour pt. -15 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 185 C; ref. index 1.4715; vapor pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 100 F Toxicology: Not expected to be eye, skin irritant; not expected to be harmful if ing., inh.; ACGIH TLV TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid release into sewage, drainage systems, bodies of water; use in well-ventilated area; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ground all containers Superla® No. 10 [Chevron http://www.chevron.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3570, 178.3620, 573.680, USDA, USP, CTFA approved; kosher; pareve; RCRA, SARA 668

Part I: Trade Name Reference §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China ECS; Europe EINECS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless liq.; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.853; visc. 19.0 cSt (40 C), 96 SUS (100 C); pour pt. -12 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 188 C; ref. index 1.4728; vapor pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 100 F Toxicology: Not expected to be eye, skin irritant; not expected to be harmful if ing., inh.; ACGIH TLV TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid release into sewage, drainage systems, bodies of water; use in well-ventilated area; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ground all containers Superla® No. 13 [Chevron http://www.chevron.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3570, 178.3620, 573.680, USDA, USP, CTFA approved; kosher; pareve; RCRA, SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China ECS; Europe EINECS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless liq.; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.856; visc. 25.2 cSt (40 C), 127 SUS (100 C); pour pt. -12 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 193 C; ref. index 1.4728; vapor pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 100 F Toxicology: Not expected to be eye, skin irritant; not expected to be harmful if ing., inh.; ACGIH TLV TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid release into sewage, drainage systems, bodies of water; use in well-ventilated area; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ground all containers

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Superla® No. 18 [Chevron http://www.chevron.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3570, 178.3620, 573.680, USDA, USP, CTFA approved; kosher; pareve; RCRA, SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China ECS; Europe EINECS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless liq.; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.861; visc. 36.0 cSt (40 C), 186 SUS (100 C); pour pt. -12 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 202 C; ref. index 1.4738; vapor pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 100 F Toxicology: Not expected to be eye, skin irritant; not expected to be harmful if ing., inh.; ACGIH TLV TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid release into sewage, drainage systems, bodies of water; use in well-ventilated area; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ground all containers Superla® No. 21 [Chevron http://www.chevron.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3570, 178.3620, 573.680, USDA, USP, CTFA approved; kosher; pareve; RCRA, SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China ECS; Europe EINECS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless liq.; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.863; visc. 40.5 cSt (40 C), 209 SUS (100 C); pour pt. -12 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 210 C; ref. index 1.4744; vapor pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 100 F Toxicology: Not expected to be eye, skin irritant; not expected to be harmful if ing., inh.; ACGIH TLV TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid release into sewage, 669

Part I: Trade Name Reference drainage systems, bodies of water; use in well-ventilated area; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ground all containers Superla® No. 31 [Chevron http://www.chevron.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3570, 178.3620, 573.680, USDA, USP, CTFA approved; kosher; pareve; RCRA, SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China ECS; Europe EINECS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless liq.; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.867; visc. 59.3 cSt (40 C), 310 SUS (100 C); pour pt. -12 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 227 C; ref. index 1.4763; vapor pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 100 F Toxicology: Not expected to be eye, skin irritant; not expected to be harmful if ing., inh.; ACGIH TLV TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid release into sewage, drainage systems, bodies of water; use in well-ventilated area; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ground all containers Superla® No. 35 [Chevron http://www.chevron.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP CAS 8020-83-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2 Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3570, 178.3620, 573.680, USDA, USP, CTFA approved; kosher; pareve; RCRA, SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China ECS; Europe EINECS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless liq.; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.868; visc. 67.3 cSt (40 C), 353 SUS (100 C); pour pt. -12 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 229 C; ref. index 1.4772; vapor pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 100 F Toxicology: Not expected to be eye, skin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

irritant; not expected to be harmful if ing., inh.; ACGIH TLV TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid release into sewage, drainage systems, bodies of water; use in well-ventilated area; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ground all containers Superla® No. 38 [Chevron http://www.chevron.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3570, 178.3620, 573.680, USDA, USP, CTFA approved; kosher; pareve; RCRA, SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China ECS; Europe EINECS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless liq.; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.868; visc. 76.0 cSt (40 C), 390 SUS (100 C); pour pt. -12 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 232 C; vapor pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 100 F Toxicology: Not expected to be eye, skin irritant; not expected to be harmful if ing., inh.; ACGIH TLV TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid release into sewage, drainage systems, bodies of water; use in well-ventilated area; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ground all containers Superla® No. 50 [Chevron http://www.chevron.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. mineral oil USP Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.878, 178.3570, 178.3620, 573.680, USDA, USP, CTFA approved; kosher; pareve; RCRA, SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China ECS; Europe EINECS; Korea ECL; Philippines PICCS Properties: Colorless, odorless, tasteless liq.; sol. in hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.870; visc. 104.0 cSt (40 C), 540 SUS (100 C); pour pt. -12 C; b.p. > 260 C; flash pt. 268 670

Part I: Trade Name Reference C; vapor pressure < 0.01 mmHg @ 100 F Toxicology: Not expected to be eye, skin irritant; not expected to be harmful if ing., inh.; ACGIH TLV TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be readily biodeg. Precaution: Avoid release into sewage, drainage systems, bodies of water; use in well-ventilated area; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Ground all containers Superol™ K (kosher) [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin USP (99.7% min.) CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Humectant in foods Regulatory: USP/FCC, EP, DOT/ADR/RID/IMDG/ICAO/IATA not regulated; Canada DSL; Japan; Australia; Philippines; China; Korea Properties: APHA 10 max. visc. liq.; odorless; sweet taste; completely sol. in water; misc. with ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ether, chloroform; sp.gr. 1.2613 min.; visc. ≈ 1300 mPa·s; vapor pressure < 0.008 mm Hg; b.p. > 288 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 198.9 C; autoignition temp. ≈ 400 C; 0.3% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; may cause mild, transient eye irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (goldfish, 24 h) > 5 g/l; LC0 (golden orfe, 48 h) > 250 mg/l; LC100 (rainbow trout, 96 h) 51-57 g/l; NOEC (chilomonas paramecium, 48 h) > 10 g/l, (entosiphon sulcatum, 72 h) 3200 mg/l; biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal reaction may release acrolein Storage: Store in clean, tight containers to prevent moisture pickup from air; can be stored in aluminum, stainless steel, fiberglass or resin lined steel vessels Superol™ NK [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin USP (99-100%) CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Humectant in foods Regulatory: USP/FCC, EP, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

DOT/ADR/RID/IMDG/ICAO/IATA not regulated; Canada DSL; Japan; Australia; Philippines; China; Korea Properties: APHA 10 max. visc. liq.; odorless; sweet taste; completely sol. in water; misc. with ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ether, chloroform; sp.gr. 1.2613 min.; visc. ≈ 1300 mPa·s; vapor pressure < 0.008 mm Hg; b.p. > 288 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 198.9 C; autoignition temp. ≈ 400 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; may cause mild, transient eye irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (goldfish, 24 h) > 5 g/l; LC0 (golden orfe, 48 h) > 250 mg/l; LC100 (rainbow trout, 96 h) 51-57 g/l; NOEC (chilomonas paramecium, 48 h) > 10 g/l, (entosiphon sulcatum, 72 h) 3200 mg/l; biodeg. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal reaction may release acrolein Storage: Store in clean, tight containers to prevent moisture pickup from air; can be stored in aluminum, stainless steel, fiberglass or resin lined steel vessels Superol™ V (vegetable) [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin USP (99-100%) CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 Uses: Humectant, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: USP/FCC, EP, DOT/ADR/RID/IMDG/ICAO/IATA not regulated; Canada DSL; Japan; Australia; Philippines; China; Korea Properties: APHA 10 max. visc. liq.; odorless; sweet taste; completely sol. in water; misc. with ethanol; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ether, chloroform; sp.gr. 1.2613 min.; visc. ≈ 1300 mPa·s; vapor pressure < 0.008 mm Hg; b.p. > 288 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 198.9 C; autoignition temp. ≈ 400 C; 0.3% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; may cause mild, transient eye irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (goldfish, 24 h) > 5 g/l; LC0 (golden orfe, 48 h) > 250 mg/l; LC100 (rainbow trout, 96 h) 51-57 g/l; NOEC (chilomonas paramecium, 48 h) > 10 g/l, (entosiphon sulcatum, 72 h) 3200 mg/l; biodeg. 671

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal reaction may release acrolein Storage: Store in clean, tight containers to prevent moisture pickup from air; can be stored in aluminum, stainless steel, fiberglass or resin lined steel vessels Super Salox [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Color enhancing/retaining additives Uses: Protectant, stabilizer for natural meat color in minced meat, meat balls, fresh sausage, hams, corned beef, other processed/cooked meat prods. Regulatory: FAO/WHO, EU compliance Properties: 5% max. moisture Use Level: 0.5-2 g/kg end prod. Super Set [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Uses: Icing stabilizer Features: Highly conc. blend; prevents icings from breaking down in almost any condition Superset® LV [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, film-former, shelf life extender for confections, jelly gum candies, gum drops, jelly bean centers Features: Quick setting; low hot visc.; process tolerance; rec. for continuous processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; insol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Use Level: 10-13% dry solids basis (confections) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Superspun [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Cereal-based Uses: Release agent for control of batter flow, providing smooth surf. to baked goods, esp. prods. to be enrobed in chocolate Supertex/Supertex Plus [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Uses: Emulsifier, crumb softener, shelf life extender for breads Super White Fonoline® [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. petrolatum USP CAS 8027-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Features: Low m.p. grade with superior snow white color, exhibiting elegant feel and texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880 Properties: Lovibond 0.5Y color; sp. gr. 0.880; visc. 9-14 cSt (100 C); m.p. 50-56 C Super White Protopet® [Sonneborn http://www.sonneborn.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wh. petrolatum USP CAS 8009-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 Uses: Release agent, lubricant, sealant, polishing agent, protective coating, defoamer in foods Features: High purity, med. consistency, med. m.p. grade; rec. where extra whiteness is preferred Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880, 178.3700 Properties: Lovibond 1.0Y max. color; odorless; sol. in organic solvents and oil; insol. in water; visc. 10-16 cSt (100 C); m.p. 54-60 C; 100% act. Toxicology: No harmful effects Precaution: Wear oil-resistant gloves; avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents and heat or high temps. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: COx and soot NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a dry place away from sunlight @ ≤ 90 C Super-Zyme [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Flour, salt, calcium sulfate, and enzyme See Sodium chloride Uses: Enzyme for wh. bread, hamburger 672

Part I: Trade Name Reference buns, sweet rolls, yeast-raised donuts Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; 8% moisture; 20.5% ash Suprarenal (Adrenal) Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Suprarenal Cortex Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Nutrient, protein source for meat prods., beverages, healthy foods, medical foods, baked goods, fresh and frozen desserts, pasta, cereals, nondairy prods. Supro® EX Isolated Soy Protein [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated soy protein See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 68153-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Uses: Protein source, texturizer, emulsion stabilizer for meat prods., flavor-sensitive meat systems Properties: Clean flavor Supro Systems™ Vegetable Protein Product [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Isolated soy protein-based See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Uses: Protein source, texturizer for processed meats, leavened baked goods Supro XT™ Brand Isolated Soy Protein [Solae http://www.solae.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soy protein-based See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Uses: Nutrient, protein source for liq. and powd. beverages Surfactant® AR 150 [Hercules http://www.herc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Oxyethylene glycol ester of rosin Uses: Emulsifier, detergent for foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Hydrophilic; low foaming Properties: Liq. to wax; nonionic; 100% conc. Surfonic® L12-3 [Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com] Chem. Descrip.: C10-12 pareth-3 CAS 66455-15-0 Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 176.300, 177.1200, 177.1210, 178.3120, 178.3400, 181.30, 182.99; EINECS, DSL, MITI listed Properties: Cl. to sl. turbid liq.; water-insol.; m.w. 295; sp.gr. 0.9317; dens. 7.8 lb/gal; visc. 33 cps; HLB 9.0; hyd. no. 190; pour pt. -12.2 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 137.7 C; pH 5.5-6.5 (1% in aq. IPA); nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from moisture Surfonic® L12-6 [Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com] Chem. Descrip.: C10-12 pareth-6 CAS 66455-15-0 Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 176.300, 177.1200, 177.1210, 178.3120, 178.3400, 181.30, 182.99; EINECS, DSL, MITI listed Properties: Cl. to sl. turbid liq.; water-sol.; m.w. 428; sp.gr. 0.9820; dens. 8.2 lb/gal; visc. 43 cps; HLB 12.4; hyd. no. 133; pour pt. 10 C; cloud pt. 48-52 C (1% aq.); flash pt. (PMCC) 162.7 C; pH 5.5-6.5 (1% in aq. IPA); Draves wetting 4.0 s (0.1%); nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from moisture Surfonic® L12-8 [Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com] Chem. Descrip.: C10-12 pareth-8 CAS 66455-15-0 Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 176.300, 177.1200, 177.1210, 178.1010, 178.3120, 178.3400, 181.30, 182.99; EINECS, DSL, MITI listed Properties: Liq.; sol. in water; m.w. 516; sp.gr. 1.0045; visc. 98 cps; HLB 13.6; hyd. no. 109; 673

Part I: Trade Name Reference pour pt. 18.3 C; cloud pt. 80 C (1% in DI water); flash pt. (PMCC) 204.4 C; Draves wetting 8.4 s (0.1%); nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from moisture Surfonic® L24-3 [Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com] Chem. Descrip.: C12-14 pareth-3 CAS 68439-50-9 Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 176.300, 177.1200, 177.1210, 178.3120, 178.3400, 178.3910, 181.30, 182.99; EINECS, DSL, MITI listed Properties: Cl. to sl. turbid liq.; water-insol.; m.w. 330; dens. 7.8 lb/gal; HLB 8.0; hyd. no. 173; pour pt. 4.4 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 151.7 C; pH 5.5-6.5 (1% in aq. IPA); nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from moisture Surfonic® L24-4 [Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com] Chem. Descrip.: C12-14 pareth-4 CAS 68439-50-9 Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 176.300, 177.1200, 177.1210, 178.3120, 178.3400, 181.30, 182.99; EINECS, DSL, MITI listed Properties: Liq.; insol. in water; m.w. 373; sp.gr. 0.9432; visc. 31 cps; HLB 9.4; hyd. no. 150; pour pt. 4.4 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 173.9 C; nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from moisture Surfonic® L24-7 [Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com] Chem. Descrip.: C12-14 pareth-7 CAS 68439-50-9 Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 176.300, 177.1200, 177.1210, 178.3120, 178.3400, 181.30, 182.99; EINECS, DSL, MITI listed Properties: Cl. to sl. turbid liq.; water-sol.; m.w. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

487; sp.gr. 0.9824; dens. 8.1 lb/gal; visc. 47 cps; HLB 11.9; hyd. no. 117; pour pt. 15 C; cloud pt. 48-52 C (1% aq.); flash pt. (PMCC) 190.6 C; pH 5.5-6.5 (1% in aq. IPA); Draves wetting 8.7 s (0.1%); nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from moisture Surfonic® L24-9 [Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com] Chem. Descrip.: C12-14 pareth-8.2 See C12-14 pareth-8 CAS 68439-50-9 Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 176.300, 177.1200, 177.1210, 178.1010, 178.3120, 178.3400, 181.30, 182.99; EINECS, DSL, MITI listed Properties: Cl. to sl. turbid semiliq.; water-sol.; m.w. 561; sp.gr.0.9935; dens. 8.3 lb/gal; visc. 61 cps; HLB 13.0; hyd. no. 100; pour pt. 20 C; cloud pt. 73-77 C (1% aq.); flash pt. (PMCC) 162.8 C; pH 5.5-6.5 (1% in aq. IPA); Draves wetting 13.9 s (0.1%); nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from moisture Surfonic® L24-12 [Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com] Chem. Descrip.: C12-14 pareth-10.8 See C1214 pareth-11 CAS 68439-50-9 Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 176.300, 177.1200, 177.1210, 178.1010, 178.3120, 178.3400, 181.30, 182.99; EINECS, DSL, MITI listed Properties: Waxy solid; water-sol.; m.w. 703; dens. 8.4 lb/gal; HLB 14.4; hyd. no. 83; pour pt. 28 C; cloud pt. 65-71 C (1% in 10% NaCl); flash pt. (PMCC) 204.4 C; pH 5.5-6.5 (1% in aq. IPA); Draves wetting 35.1 s (0.1%); nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from moisture

674

Part I: Trade Name Reference Surfonic® L46-7 [Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com] Chem. Descrip.: C14-16 pareth-7 Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 176.300, 177.1200, 177.1210, 178.3120, 178.3400, 181.30, 182.99; EINECS, DSL, MITI listed Properties: Cl. to sl. turbid semisolid; water-sol.; m.w. 534; sp.gr. 0.9790; dens. 8.0 lb/gal; visc. 63 cps; HLB 11.6; hyd. no. 107; pour pt. 22 C; cloud pt. 48-52 C (1% aq.); flash pt. (PMCC) 204.4 C; pH 5.5-6.5 (1% in aq. IPA); Draves wetting 20.6 s (0.1%); nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from moisture Surfonic® L610-3 [Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Ethoxylated alcohol CAS 70879-83-3 Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 176.300, 177.1200, 177.1210, 178.3120, 178.3400, 181.30; EINECS, DSL, MITI listed Properties: Liq.; insol. in water; m.w. 276; sp.gr. 0.9408; visc. 20 cps; HLB 9.6; hyd. no. 210; pour pt. -9.4 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 79.4 C; nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from moisture Sustane SAIB [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food grade sucrose acetate isobutyrate CAS 27216-37-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-771-6 Uses: Weighting agent in beverage emulsions Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 nonreportable; kosher Properties: Colorless visc. liq.; sl. odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.146; visc. 100,000 cps (30 C); b.p. 288 C (with decomp.); flash pt. (TCC) 226.5 C; 100% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 25.6 g/kg, (skin, rat) > 20 ml/kg; low hazard by inh., eye and skin contact; expected to be low ing. hazard; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Environmental: BOD-5 0.56-1.4 g oxygen/g; COD 1.63 g oxygen/g; EC50 (daphnia, 48 h) > 1.11 mg/l; high BOD and potential to cause oxygen depletion in aq. systems; low potential to persist in the environment; low potential to affect aquatic organisms Precaution: Can react with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed Sustane SAIB CO [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose acetate isobutyrate, food grade CAS 27216-37-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-771-6 Uses: Weighting agent in beverage emulsions; prevents flavoring oil from forming a ring in the finished beverage Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.833, GRAS; kosher Properties: Pt-Co 200 max. color, liq.; sp.gr. 1.1; dens. 9.17 lb/gal; visc. 3000 cps; acid no. 0.2; flash pt. (TCC) 143 C Sustane SAIB ET-10 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food grade sucrose acetate isobutyrate (89-91%), ethanol (9-11%) See Alcohol Uses: Weighting agent in beverage emulsions; to prevent flavoring oil from forming a ring in the finished beverage Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.833, GRAS; kosher; DOT regulated; SARA §311/312 fire hazard, immediate (acute) health hazard; Canada DSL, EINECS listed; kosher Properties: Lt. yel. visc. liq.; ester odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.10; visc. 1000 cps; b.p. 105 C; acid no. < 0.2; flash pt. (Seta CC) 28 C Toxicology: High vapor concs. may cause drowsiness and irritation of the eyes or respiratory tract; prolonged/repeated skin contact may cause drying, cracking, irritation; human skin sensitizer; contains ethanol; expected to be low ing. hazard; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. and vapor; vapors may cause flash fire or ignite explosively; vapors may flash back; may react violently with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 675

Part I: Trade Name Reference HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container tightly closed; keep away from heat, sparks, flame Sweet Potato Flakes Trobana® [Confoco http://www.confoco.com] Chem. Descrip.: tubers of the sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) plant Chem. Analysis: 4% max. moisture; 4-7% protein; 0.5% fat; 3.2% dietary fiber; 50% total sugar; 88% carbohydrates Uses: Sweet potato flavor with same traditional uses of mashed cooked sweet potatoes including soft food diets Features: Produced by sorting. trimming, cooking, pulping, sieving and roller drying, without any carriers or additives; foreign matter absent Regulatory: Halal, kosher certified, GMO compliant Properties: Brownish-orange flakes; mashed cooked sweet potato flavor; 15% retained thru US 20 mesh Use Level: Reconstituted 1:6 with water Storage: 18 mos. when stored @ 21 C in sealed, original containers Sweetness Enhancer - 1, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor enhancer to improve sugar-free formulas Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. yel. liq.; sugary taste; sol. in water, oil, alcohol Use Level: 10-20 ppm as consumed Sweetness Enhancer - 2, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor enhancer to improve sugar-free formulas Features: Removes metallic, thin aftertaste; creates an overall impression of sugar; increases nweetness intensity by 20-50% Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. yel. liq.; sugary taste; sol. in water, oil, alcohol Use Level: 10-20 ppm as consumed Sweet'n'Neat® 50 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin; honey Uses: Sweetener, humectant, flavor enhancer for foods Features: Nat.; avoids sanitation problems Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

inherent with liq. honey Properties: Lt. yel. powd.; 98% min. through 10 mesh, 78% through 60 mesh, 50% through 100 mesh; 2.5% moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store at room temp. 65-75 F; recommend stacking prod. at no more than two pallets high Sweet'n'Neat® 65 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Molasses, maltodextrin See Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer, humectant for beverages, sauces, mixes Features: Natural; convenient handling Properties: Dk. rich brn. free-flowing spray-dried powd.; 100% min. through 20 mesh; 65% molasses solids; 4% max. moisture Use Level: Replaces liq. molasses @ ≈ lb for lb Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F) Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Honey, wheat starch, calcium stearate (anticaking agent), lecithin (processing aid) See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer, humectant for snacks, candy, baked goods, sauces, dairy, meats, poultry prods., pan and compd. coatings, nut coatings and blends, batter and breading mixes Features: Low moisture content; high water absorp.; source of reducing sugars Properties: Golden yel. free-flowing powd.; 98% min. through 25 mesh; 30-50% through 60 mesh; bulk dens. 49 lb/ft3 (loose), 59 lb/ft3 (packed); 70% honey solids; 3.5% max. moisture; 1.5% max. protein Use Level: 5-10% of total wt.; replaces liq. honey @ lb for lb Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F) Sweet'n'Neat® 3000 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Honey, wheat starch, lecithin (processing aid) See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer, humectant for natural foods, snacks, candy, baked goods, mixes, sauces, dairy, meats; flavor in frozen desserts and ice cream Features: Natural; low moisture content; high 676

Part I: Trade Name Reference water absorp.; source of reducing sugars; does not contain anticaking agent Properties: Golden yel. free-flowing flakes; 30% mi. through 20 mesh; 10% max. through 40 mesh; bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3 (loose), 39 lb/ft3 (packed); 70% honey solids; 3.5% max. moisture; 1.7% max. protein Use Level: 5-10% of total formula wt. Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F) Sweet'n'Neat® 4000 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Molasses, wheat starch, silicon dioxide (anticaking agent), hydroxylated lecithin (processing aid) See Molasses (Saccharum officinarum); Silica; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor extender, flavor enhancer, vitamin/min. source for baked goods, barbecue sauces, mixes, candy, dairy, meats, poultry prods. Features: Natural; controlled water absorp. capacity; convenient handling Properties: Dk. rich brn. powd.; 98% min. through 25 mesh; 45-75% through 60 mesh; bulk dens. 46 lb/ft3 (loose), 57 lb/ft3 (packed); 75% molasses solids; 4% max. moisture; 6% max. protein Use Level: 5-10% of total formula wt. Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F) Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Molasses, wheat starch, hydroxylated lecithin (processing aid) See Molasses (Saccharum officinarum); Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor extender, flavor enhancer, vitamin/min. source for baked goods, barbecue sauces, mixes, candy, dairy, meats, poultry prods.; flavor, texturizer, colorant in crunchy frozen novelty coatings or candy bars; flavor, partial replacement for dairy chocolate chips in ice cream Features: Natural; controlled water absorp. capacity; retains crunch char. in fat-based systems Properties: Dk. rich brn. flake; 30% max. through 20 mesh, 10% max. through 40 mesh; bulk dens. 21 lb/ft3 (loose), 27 lb/ft3 (packed); 75% molasses solids; 4% max. moisture; 6%max. protein Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Use Level: 5-10% of total formula wt. Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F) Sweet'N'Neat® 7000 Dry Malt Flakes [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Extract of malted barley; corn extract; wheat starch; hydroxylated lecithin See Corn (Zea mays) extract; Malt extract; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor extender, flavor enhancer in dry technology food applics. Features: Rich malt flavor; crunchy mouthfeel Properties: Lt. tan flakes; 30% max.20 mesh, 10% max. through 40 mesh; dens. 27 lb/ft3 (loose), 37 lb/ft3 (packed) Use Level: 5-10% of the total formula wt. Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store at room temp. 65-75 F; recommend stacking prod. at no more than two pallets high Sweet'N'Neat® Dry Raisin Flakes [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Raisin juice concentrate; wheat starch; hydroxylated lecithin See Raisin juice conc.; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, humectant, flavor enhancer in dry technology foods Features: Nat.; low moisture content; provides fermentable sugars Properties: Lt. tan flake; 30% max.through 20 mesh, 10% through 30 mesh; dens. 45 lb/ft3 (loose), 53 lb/ft3 (packed); 70% raisin solids (dry basis); 3% moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store at room temp. 65-75 F; recommend stacking prod. at no more than two pallets high Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Raisin juice conc., wheat starch, hydroxylated lecithin (processing aid), silicon dioxide See Silica; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer, colorant, humectant, oxidizer, mold retardant for baked goods, mixes, cereal, snacks Features: Natural; low moisture content; provides fermentable sugars; convenient handling Properties: Lt. tan free-flowing powd.; 98% min. through 25 mesh; 25-50% through 60 mesh; bulk dens. 45 lb/ft3 (loose), 53 lb/ft3 (packed); 70% raisin solids; 3% max. moisture; 2.5% 677

Part I: Trade Name Reference max. protein Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F)

Uses: Syrup for baking, flavoring, beverages Features: High concentration of fermentable sugars

Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Roast Honey Nut Coating [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose, honey, salt, wheat starch, calcium stearate (anticaking agent), lecithin (processing aid) See Sodium chloride; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Coating to produce dry-roasted honeycoated nuts, sunflower seeds, and baked or extruded snacks Properties: Lt. yel.; 100% min. through 20 mesh, 80-95% through 60 mesh; sweet, salty, mild honey flavor; bulk dens. 55 lb/ft3 (loose), 67 lb/ft3 (packed); 2% max. moisture Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F)

Sweetose® 4325-63/43 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE acid/enzyme converted corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Syrup for baking, flavoring, beverages Features: High concentration of fermentable sugars; low SO2

Sweet'n'Neat® Oil Roast Honey Nut Coating [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sucrose, wheat starch, honey, calcium stearate (anticaking agent), lecithin (processing aid) See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Coating to produce oil-roasted honeycoated nuts, sunflower seeds, and baked or extruded snacks Properties: Lt. yel.; 100% min.through 20 mesh, 70-95% through 60 mesh; sweet mild honey flavor; bulk dens. 55 lb/ft3 (loose), 67 lb/ft3 (packed); 2% max. moisture Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F)

Sweetose® 4425-63/44 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE acid/enzyme converted corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Syrup for baking, flavoring, beverages Features: High concentration of fermentable sugars; low SO2

Sweet'n'Neat® Tack Blend X [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maltodextrin, lactose, xanthan gum Uses: Adhesive, browning agent in oilroasted nuts and other snacks Properties: Wh. powd.; 95% min. through 60 mesh; bland flavor; bulk dens. 32 lb/ft3 (loose), 46 lb/ft3 (packed); visc. 150-200 cps (40 C, 46% sol'n.); pH 4-5; 5.0% max. moisture Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored unopened @ normal R.T. (65-75 F) Sweetose® 4300-63/43 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE acid/enzyme converted corn syrup EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sweetose® 4400-63/44 [Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com] Chem. Descrip.: high DE acid/enzyme converted corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Syrup for baking, flavoring, beverages Features: High concentration of fermentable sugars; low SO2

Swelite® [Cosucra SA http://www.cosucra.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pea inner fibers Uses: Dietary fiber with very high water retention capacity; enables development of 'lighter' prods. while maintaining texture; for pastries, cereal prods., meat prods., desserts, dairy prods., soups, sauces, dietetic foods, extruded prods. Properties: Wh. powd., neutral taste; 95% < 400 µ (standard), 95% < 100 µ (micronized) Storage: Store under dry conditions Swelite® Micro [Cosucra SA http://www.cosucra.com; Feinkost Ingred.] Chem. Descrip.: Micronized pea inner fibers Uses: Dietary fiber, gellant, water retention aid; as substitute for high-calorie prods.; in meat/poultry prods., frozen foods, ready meals, soups, sauces, dairy prods., drinks, pastries, confectionery, dietetic foods, extruded prods. Properties: Wh. powd., neutral taste; 90% < 50 µ; 90% min. dry matter Storage: Store under dry conditions 678

Part I: Trade Name Reference Sylysia 256N [Fuji Silysia http://www.fujisilysia.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Syn. amorphous silica, surface treated with hydrocarbon-type wax See Silica, amorphous Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (99.4%) Uses: Microcapsules for flavoring substances Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.230, 176.170 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., odorless, tasteless; 2.50-3.50 µm avg. particle size; 0.05% max. 45 µ sieve; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.1; brightness 90 min.; ref. index 1.46; pH 6.08.3 (5% aq. slurry) Toxicology: Nuisance dust; dust may cause irritation of skin, mucous membranes; silica component: LD50 (oral, rat) > 31,600 mg/kg (48 h), (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg (48 h); ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3; not considered an ocular irritant Environmental: not known to have any adverse effect on aquatic environment Precaution: Reacts with HF; can burn explosively if a cloud of dust is generated and exposed to ignition source Storage: Keep tightly sealed to protect quality Sylysia 310P [Fuji Silysia http://www.fujisilysia.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Syn. amorphous silica See Silica, amorphous Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (99.5%) CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Anticaking agent in salt and seasonings, curing mixts. for meat/poultry Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §160.105, 172.480; USDA cleared for certain uses in salt and seasonings, curing mixts. for meat/poultry Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., odorless, tasteless; 1.1-1.5 µm avg. particle size; 0.05% max. 45 µ sieve; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.1; oil absorp. 250-350 ml/100 g (linseed oil); brightness 94 min.; ref. index 1.46; pH 6.8-8.0 (5% aq. slurry) Toxicology: Dust may cause irritation of skin, mucous membranes; LD50 (oral, rat) > 31,000 mg/kg (48 h), (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg (48 h); ACGIH TLV 6 mg/m3 (total dust); very low oral toxicity; not considered an ocular irritant Environmental: not known to have any adverse effect on aquatic environment Precaution: Nonflamm.; reacts with HF HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep tightly sealed to protect quality Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sylysia 350 [Fuji Silysia http://www.fujisilysia.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Syn. amorphous silica See Silica, amorphous Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (99.5%) CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Anticaking agent in salt and seasonings, curing mixts. for meat/poultry Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §160.105, 172.480; USDA cleared for certain uses in salt and seasonings, curing mixts. for meat/poultry Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., odorless, tasteless; 1.7-2.1 µm avg. particle size; 0.05% max. 45 µ sieve; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.1; surf. area 300 m2/g; oil absorp. 300-350 ml/100 g (linseed oil); brightness 95 min.; ref. index 1.46; pH 6.8-8.0 (5% aq. slurry) Toxicology: Dust may cause irritation of skin, mucous membranes; LD50 (oral, rat) > 31,000 mg/kg (48 h), (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg (48 h); ACGIH TLV 6 mg/m3 (total dust); very low oral toxicity; not considered an ocular irritant Environmental: not known to have any adverse effect on aquatic environment Precaution: Nonflamm.; reacts with HF HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep tightly sealed to protect quality Sylysia 370 [Fuji Silysia http://www.fujisilysia.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Syn. amorphous silica See Silica, amorphous Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (99.5%) CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Uses: Anticaking agent in salt and seasonings, curing mixts. for meat/poultry Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §160.105, 172.480; USDA cleared for certain uses in salt and seasonings, curing mixts. for meat/poultry Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., odorless, tasteless; 3.13 µm avg. particle size; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.1; oil absorp. 306 ml/100 g; brightness 98.8; ref. index 1.46; pH 7.7 (5% slurry) Toxicology: Dust may cause irritation of skin, mucous membranes; LD50 (oral, rat) > 31,000 mg/kg (48 h), (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg (48 h); ACGIH TLV 6 mg/m3 (total dust); very low oral toxicity; not considered an ocular irritant Environmental: not known to have any adverse effect on aquatic environment Precaution: Nonflamm.; reacts with HF 679

Part I: Trade Name Reference HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep tightly sealed to protect quality Sylysia 436 [Fuji Silysia http://www.fujisilysia.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Syn. amorphous silica, surf. treated with hydrocarbon-type wax See Silica, amorphous Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (99.4%) Uses: Microcapsules for flavoring substances Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.230, 176.170 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., odorless, tasteless; 2.50-3.50 µm avg. particle size; 0.05% max. 45 µ sieve; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.1; brightness 90 min.; ref. index 1.46; pH 6.08.3 (5% aq. slurry) Toxicology: Nuisance dust; dust may cause irritation of skin, mucous membranes; silica component: LD50 (oral, rat) > 31,600 mg/kg (48 h), (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg (48 h); ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3; not considered an ocular irritant Environmental: not known to have any adverse effect on aquatic environment Precaution: Reacts with HF; can burn explosively if a cloud of dust is generated and exposed to ignition source Storage: Keep tightly sealed to protect quality Sylysia 456 [Fuji Silysia http://www.fujisilysia.co.jp/] Chem. Descrip.: Syn. amorphous silica, surf. treated with hydrocarbon-type wax See Silica, amorphous Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (99.4%) Uses: Microcapsules for flavoring substances Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.230, 176.170 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., odorless, tasteless; 4.9-6.2 µm avg. particle size; 0.05% max. 45 µ sieve; insol. in water; sp.gr. 2.1; brightness 95 min.; ref. index 1.46; pH 6.0-8.3 (5% aq. slurry) Toxicology: Nuisance dust; dust may cause irritation of skin, mucous membranes; silica component: LD50 (oral, rat) > 31,600 mg/kg (48 h), (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg (48 h); ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3; not considered an ocular irritant Environmental: not known to have any adverse effect on aquatic environment Precaution: Reacts with HF; can burn explosively if a cloud of dust is generated and exposed to ignition source Storage: Keep tightly sealed to protect quality Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Syncal® CaS [PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium saccharin USP/FCC/BP CAS 6485-34-3; EINECS/ELINCS 229-349-9 Uses: Syn. sweetening agent for dietetic foods, beverages, snacks; for formulations where low sodium content and improved taste are required; exc. free flow chars. and low degree of dust Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §180.37; BP compliance Properties: Wh. fine free-flowing powd.; m.w. 404.45; 98% min. assay Syncal® GS [PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium saccharin USP/FCC/BP See Saccharin sodium anhydrous CAS 128-44-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-886-1 Uses: Syn. sweetening agent for dietetic foods, beverages, snacks, tobacco Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §180.37; BP compliance Properties: Wh. nondusting, free-flowing gran., uniformly sized particles, odorless; sol. 46% in water; m.w. 241.20; sp.gr. > 1; 98-101% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 14,200 mg/kg; nuisance dust ACGIH 10 mg/m3; potential for foreign body irritation to eyes, skin, respiratory tract; suspect carcinogen in rats on extreme exposure Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents; hazardous decomp. prods.: CO, NOx, SO2 Storage: Avoid excessive heat and humidity on storage to prevent caking Syncal® GSD [PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium saccharin USP/FCC/BP See Saccharin sodium anhydrous CAS 128-44-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-886-1 Uses: Syn. sweetening agent for dietetic foods, beverages, snacks, tobacco Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §180.37; BP compliance Properties: Wh. nondusting gran., mixed sized particles, odorless; sol. 46% in water; m.w. 241.20; sp.gr. > 1; 98-101% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 14,200 mg/kg; nuisance dust ACGIH 10 mg/m3; potential for foreign body irritation to eyes, skin, 680

Part I: Trade Name Reference respiratory tract; suspect carcinogen in rats on extreme exposure Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents; hazardous decomp. prods.: CO, NOx, SO2 Storage: Avoid excessive heat and humidity on storage to prevent caking Syncal® S [PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium saccharin USP/FCC/BP See Saccharin sodium anhydrous CAS 128-44-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-886-1 Uses: Syn. sweetening agent for dietetic foods, beverages, snacks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §180.37; BP compliance Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd., odorless; m.w. 205.17; sp.gr. > 1; 98-101% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 14,200 mg/kg; suspect carcinogen in rats on extreme exposure; nuisance dust Storage: Avoid excessive heat and humidity to prevent caking Syncal® SDI [PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com] Chem. Descrip.: Saccharin insoluble USP/FCC/BP CAS 81-07-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-321-0 Uses: Syn. sweetening agent for dietetic foods, beverages, snacks, tobacco Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §180.37; BP compliance Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; sol. 0.03% in water; m.w. 183.18; sp.gr. > 1; m.p. 226-230 C; 98-101% assay Toxicology: Nuisance dust ACGIH 10 mg/m3 Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents Storage: Avoid excessive heat and humidity on storage to prevent caking Syncal® SDS [PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium saccharin USP/FCC/BP See Saccharin sodium anhydrous CAS 128-44-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-886-1 Uses: Syn. sweetening agent for dietetic foods, beverages, snacks, tobacco; for applics. requiring free flow chars. and low degree of dust Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §180.37; USP/FCC/BP compliance Properties: Wh. fine free-flowing spray-dried powd.; very fine particle size; sol. 46% in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

water; m.w. 205.17; sp.gr. > 1; 98-101% assay Toxicology: Nuisance dust TLV 10 mg/m3 Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents Storage: Avoid excessive heat on storage to prevent caking Synperonic® LF/RA260 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Alkoxylated primary alcohol CAS 69227-21-0 Uses: Antifoam for sugar beet processing Features: Low foam Properties: Colorless liq.; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.93 (20 C); hyd. no. 111; pour pt. -19 C; cloud pt. 36 C (10% in 25% BDG); pH 6.3 (1% aq.); nonionic; 100% conc. Environmental: biodeg. Synperonic® PE/L61 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Poloxamer 181 CAS 9003-11-6 Uses: Antifoam for sugar beet processing, fermentation, citric acid, yeast Features: Multiuse Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in ethanol, toluene; partly sol. in kerosene; insol. in water; m.w. 2100; sp.gr. 1.02; hyd. no. 53; pour pt. 30 C; cloud pt. 17 C (10% aq.); pH 6.3 (2.5% aq.); surf. tens. 36.6 mN/m (0.1%, 20 C); Ross-Miles foam 5 mm (initial, 0.1%); nonionic; 100% conc. Synperonic® PE/L81 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Poloxamer 231 CAS 9003-11-6 Uses: Antifoam for sugar beet processing, fermentation, citric acid, yeast Features: Multiuse Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in ethanol, toluene; partly sol. in kerosene; insol. in water; m.w. 2750; sp.gr. 1.02; hyd. no. 41; pour pt. 27 C; cloud pt. 16 C (10% aq.); pH 6.3 (2.5% aq.); surf. tens. 35 mN/m (0.1%, 20 C); RossMiles foam 9 mm (initial, 0.1%); nonionic; 100% conc. Synperonic® PE/L101 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Poloxamer 331 CAS 9003-11-6 681

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Antifoam for sugar beet processing, fermentation, citric acid, yeast Features: Multiuse Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in ethanol, toluene; insol. in water, ethylene glycol; m.w. 3800; sp.gr. 1.02; hyd. no. 29.5; pour pt. -9 C; cloud pt. 11 C (10% aq.); pH 6.3 (2.5% aq.); surf. tens. 32.4 mN/m (0.1%, 20 C); RossMiles foam 17 mm (initial, 0.1%); nonionic; 100% conc. Synperonic® PE/L121 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Poloxamer 401 CAS 9003-11-6 Uses: Antifoam for sugar beet processing, fermentation, citric acid, yeast Features: Multiuse Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in ethanol, toluene; insol. in water, ethylene glycol; m.w. 4400; sp.gr. 1.02; hyd. no. 25.5; pour pt. -6 C; cloud pt. 10 C (10% aq.); pH 6.3 (2.5% aq.); surf. tens. 32.5 mN/m (0.1%, 20 C); RossMiles foam 24 mm (initial, 0.1%); nonionic; 100% conc. Synperonic® T/701 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Poloxamine 701 CAS 11111-34-5 Uses: Antifoam for sugar beet processing, fermentation, citric acid, yeast Properties: Yel. liq.; insol. in water; m.w. 3700; sp.gr. 1.02; hyd. no. 61.5; pour pt. -24 C; cloud pt. 16.5 C (10% aq.); pH 10 (2.5% aq.); surf. tens. 34.2 mN/m (0.5%, 20 C); Ross-Miles foam 3 mm (initial, 0.1%); nonionic; 100% conc. Synperonic® T/1301 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Poloxamine 1301 CAS 11111-34-5 Uses: Antifoam for sugar beet processing, fermentation, citric acid, yeast Properties: Yel. liq.; insol. in water; m.w. 6900; sp.gr. 1.02; hyd. no. 33; pour pt. -15 C; cloud pt. 12.5 C (10% aq.); pH 10 (2.5% aq.); surf. tens. 33 mN/m (0.5%, 20 C); Ross-Miles foam 9 mm (initial, 0.1%); nonionic; 100% conc.

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synpro® Aluminum Monostearate NF [Ferro/Polymer Addit. http://www.ferro.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aluminum monostearate NF See Aluminum stearate CAS 7047-84-9; EINECS/ELINCS 230-325-5 Uses: Stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §181.29 Properties: Wh. fine free-flowing powd., 99% through 325 mesh, 98% through 200 mesh; 7.0 µ median particle size; mild fatty odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. > 1.0; m.p. 220250 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 500 F; 15.3% assay (as Al2O3), 1.6% moisture Toxicology: TLV 10 mg/m3; dust can cause discomfort of nose, throat, upper respiratory tract, coughing; eye contact or prolonged skin contact may cause irritation; ingestion can cause gastrointestinal discomfort Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; decomp. prods.: Al2O3, CO2; dust explosions may occur in presence of ignition source Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from heat, spark or flame Synpro® Calcium Stearate Kosher Food Grade (LD) [Ferro/Polymer Addit. http://www.ferro.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium stearate FCC CAS 1592-23-0; EINECS/ELINCS 216-472-8 Uses: Lubricant, tablet mold release agent, flow aid, antitackifier in foods Properties: Powd.; fineness 99% through 200 mesh; apparent dens. 0.2 g/cc; m.p. 154 C; 2.5% moisture Synpro® Magnesium Stearate Food Grade (Kosher) [Ferro/Polymer Addit. http://www.ferro.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium stearate FCC CAS 557-04-0; EINECS/ELINCS 209-150-3 Uses: Lubricant, tablet mold release agent, flow aid, antitackifier in foods Properties: Powd.; fineness 99% through 325 mesh; apparent dens. 0.25 g/cc; soften. pt. 147 C; 1.5% moisture Synpro® Magnesium Stearate NF Veg. [Ferro/Polymer Addit. http://www.ferro.com] Chem. Descrip.: Magnesium stearate NF CAS 557-04-0; EINECS/ELINCS 209-150-3 Uses: Stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §181.29 Properties: Wh. fine free-flowing powd.; 99.9% 682

Part I: Trade Name Reference through 325 mesh; 7 µ median particle size; mild fatty odor; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. > 1.0; apparent dens. 0.3 g/cc; m.p. 155 C; flash pt. (PMCC) > 500 F; 4.8% assay (as Mg); 2.8% moisture Toxicology: TLV 10 mg/m3; inh. of dust can cause discomfort to nose, throat, upper respiratory tract, coughing, choking; eye contact or prolonged skin contact can cause discomfort; ingestion can cause gastrointestinal discomfort Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; decomp. prods.: CO2, MgO; dust explosions may occur in presence of ignition source Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from heat, sparks, or flame Synpro® Zinc Stearate (Kosher) [Ferro/Polymer Addit. http://www.ferro.com] Chem. Descrip.: Zinc stearate CAS 557-05-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-151-9 Uses: Lubricant, tablet mold release agent, flow aid in foods Properties: Fine particulate; 99% through 200 mesh; apparent dens. 0.333 g/cc; m.p. 123 C; 0.2% moisture Syral OX 70 [Syral http://www.syral.com/] Chem. Descrip.: D-Sorbitol See Sorbitol Chem. Analysis: 39% DE CAS 50-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-061-5 Regulatory: EEC council directives 94/35/EEC, 95/31/EEC, USP/NF, and FCC compliant Properties: Limpid, colorless, odorless, sl. sweet syrup T-1 [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Stearic acid CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Humectant in food prods. Regulatory: Not regulated for transport; Canada DSL; Australia; Korea; Japan ENCS; Philippines, China Properties: Water wh. to yellowish solid; musty, fatty odor; negligible sol. in water; relative dens. ≈ 0.84; vapor pressure < 0.75 mm Hg; b.p. 240 C; flash pt. > 180 C; acid no. 202-209; iodine no. 1 max.; 0.3% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; causes mild, transient eye irritation; ing. may cause GI tract irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear goggles or face shield with goggles, rubber or plastic gloves, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

respirator if mist, vapor is generated; combustible at sufficient concentrations; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp., burning may produce CO, CO2 Storage: Store away from sources of ignition, incompat. materials T-1855 [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Octadecanoic acid (48-58%) See Stearic acid CAS 57-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4 Uses: Humectant in foods Regulatory: Not regulated for transport; Canada DSL; Australia; Korea; Japan ENCS; Philippines; China Properties: Water wh. to yellowish solid; mesty fatty odor; negligible sol. in water; relative dens. ≈ 0.84; vapor pressure < 0.75 mm Hg @ 100 C; b.p. 240 C @ 15 mm Hg; flash pt. (ASTM D 92) > 180 C; acid no. 204-209; iodine no. 1 max.; 0.3% max. moisture Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Wear rubber gloves, goggles or face shield with goggles, respirator if mist, vapor is generated; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp., burning may produce CO, CO2 Storage: Store away from possible sources of ignition in acid-resistant vessels such as steel, aluminum or stainless steel coated with resin lining TA-10X FG [Taylor http://www.taylorchemical.com/] Uses: Defoaming, antifoam agent for food processing, potatoes, seafood, vegetable washing, pickles, beverages, egg washing, rendering, juices Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §173.340(2); EPA 40 CFR 180.1001(d); kosher, pareve Properties: Wh. liq; Brookfield visc. 1800 cp; nominal pH 4; nonionic; 10% act. TA-20X FG [Taylor http://www.taylorchemical.com/] Uses: Defoaming, antifoam agent for food processing, potatoes, seafood, vegetable washing, pickles, beverages, egg washing, rendering, juices Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §173.340(2); EPA 40 CFR 180.1001(d) Properties: Wh. liq; Brookfield visc. 1800 cp; 683

Part I: Trade Name Reference nominal pH 4; nonionic; 20% act. TA-100 FG [Taylor http://www.taylorchemical.com/] Uses: Defoaming, antifoam agent for corn oil manufacture, deep fat frying, esterification of vegetable oil, adhesive/glue manufacture, rendering Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §173.340(2); EPA 40 CFR 180.1001(d); kosher, pareve Properties: Grey, opaque liq; Brookfield visc. 2800 cp; 100% act. TA-100A FG [Taylor http://www.taylorchemical.com/] Uses: Defoaming, antifoam agent for corn oil manufacture, deep fat frying, esterification of vegetable oil, adhesive/glue manufacture, rendering Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §173.340(2); EPA 40 CFR 180.1001(d); kosher, pareve Properties: Grey, translucent liq; Brookfield visc. 1600 cp; 100% act. Tablo® [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium starch glycolate CAS 9063-38-1 Uses: Disintegrant, dissolution aid in wet and dry granulation, dry blends, foods Features: Absorbs water rapidly; resulting swelling causes rapid disintegration of tablets and granules Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. relatively free-flowing powd.; ≤ 10% on 200 mesh; odorless; tasteless; visc. 23 cps; pH 6.30 (1 g/30 ml water); 3.4% loss on drying Tab Tex [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated cottonseed oil CAS 68334-00-9; EINECS/ELINCS 269-804-9 Uses: Release agent, tableting aid for foods and bakery Properties: Wh. fine powd.; c.m.p. 57 C min.; iodine no. 5 max. Tabulose® 101 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6 Uses: Bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, anticaking agent, antisticking agent, antiblocking agent, flow aid, extrusion aid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

in foods, cheese, snacks, cereals, drink mixes, pasta, breads, pastries Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd.; 50 µ avg. particle size; 1% max. on 60 mesh, 30% max. on 200 mesh; odorless; bulk dens. 0.2-0.4 g/cm3, 0.4-0.6 g/cm3 (tapped); < 5% loss on drying Tabulose® 102 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6 Uses: Bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, anticaking agent, antisticking agent, antiblocking agent, flow aid, extrusion aid in foods, cheese, snacks, cereals, drink mixes, pasta, breads, pastries Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd.; 100 µ avg. particle size; 8% max. on 60 mesh, 45% max. on 200 mesh; odorless; bulk dens. 0.2-0.4 g/cm3, 0.4-0.6 g/cm3 (tapped); < 5% loss on drying Tabulose® SC-200 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer in foods (incl. ice cream, juices) Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic Tabulose® SC-580 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Microcrystalline cellulose (8692%), cellulose gum (8-14%) Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer, bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, sec. emulsifier, fat replacer in foods, ice cream, juices, frozen desserts, salad dressings, 684

Part I: Trade Name Reference drink mixes, lowfat and nonfat prods. Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; visc. 72-168 cps (1.2% solids); pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); 8.3-13.8% CMC content; ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic Tabulose® SC-601 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Microcrystalline cellulose (8993%), cellulose gum (7-11%) Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer, bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, sec. emulsifier, fat replacer in foods, ice cream, juices, frozen desserts, salad dressings, drink mixes, lowfat and nonfat prods. Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; visc. 72-168 cps (2.1% solids); pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); 6.8-11.3% CMC content; ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic Tabulose® SC-611 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer, bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, sec. emulsifier, fat replacer in foods, ice cream, juices, frozen desserts, salad dressings, drink mixes, lowfat and nonfat prods. Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); ≤ 8% loss on drying Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Hygroscopic Tabulose® SC-612 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Microcrystalline cellulose (8189%), cellulose gum (11-19%) Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer, bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, sec. emulsifier, fat replacer in foods, ice cream, juices, frozen desserts, salad dressings, drink mixes, lowfat and nonfat prods. Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; visc. 51-150 cps (2.6% solids); pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); 11.3-18.8% CMC content; ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic Tabulose® SC-613 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Microcrystalline cellulose (8189%), cellulose gum (11-19%) Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer, bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, sec. emulsifier, fat replacer in foods, ice cream, juices, frozen desserts, salad dressings, drink mixes, lowfat and nonfat prods. Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; visc. 340-540 cps (2.6% solids); pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); 11.3-18.8% CMC content; ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic Tabulose® SC-681 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose 685

Part I: Trade Name Reference gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Microcrystalline cellulose (8692%), cellulose gum (8-14%) Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer, bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, sec. emulsifier, fat replacer in foods, ice cream, juices, frozen desserts, salad dressings, drink mixes, lowfat and nonfat prods. Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; visc. 72-168 cps (1.2% solids); pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); 8.3-13.8% CMC content; ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic Tagat® L2 [Degussa Care Spec.] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 glyceryl laurate CAS 51248-32-9 Uses: Surfactant for o/w emulsions; solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils; dispersant Regulatory: DAC, JCIC registered Properties: Ivory liq.; sol. in water; insol. in veg. and min. oils; m.p. 60-80 C; HLB 15.7; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 4 max.; sapon. no. 50-70; hyd. no. 60-80; nonionic; 100% conc. Tagat® O2 [Degussa Care Spec.] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 glyceryl oleate CAS 51192-09-7 Uses: Surfactant for o/w emulsions; solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils; dispersant Regulatory: DAC, JCIC registered Properties: Yel. liq.; sol. in water; insol. in veg. and min. oils; m.p. 70-85 C; HLB 15.0; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 21-27; sapon. no. 40-55; hyd. no. 70-85; nonionic; 100% conc. Tagat® S [Degussa Care Spec.] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-30 glyceryl stearate CAS 51158-08-8 Uses: Solubilizer, emulsifier for o/w emulsions; solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils; dispersant Regulatory: DAC, JSCI registered Properties: Ivory solid, partially liq.; sol. with sl. turbidity in water; insol. in veg. and min. oils; HLB 16.4; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 30-47; hyd. no. 53-70; nonionic; 100% conc. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tagat® S2 [Degussa Care Spec.] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-20 glyceryl stearate CAS 51158-08-8 Uses: Solubilizer for o/w emulsions, flavors, vitamin oils; dispersant Regulatory: DAC, JSCI registered Properties: Ivory solid, partially liq.; sol. with sl. turbidity in water; insol. in veg. and min. oils; m.p. 65-85 C; HLB 15.0; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 40-60; hyd. no. 65-85; nonionic; 100% conc. Talin® [RFI Ingreds. http://www.rfiingredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Thaumatin CAS 53850-34-3 Uses: Sweetener, flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, flavor masking agent, flavor modifier for foods, beverages, esp. with citrus flavors; mouthfeel improver in low fat and low calorie prods. Features: Masks bitter and unpleasant aftertastes associated with soya, intense sweeteners, vitamins, minerals, and herbs; inc. intensity of spice, mint, and fruit flavors; synergistic; noncariogenic Regulatory: FDA GRAS;FEMA 3732; EEC compliance Properties: Freely sol. in water; sol. in aq. alcohol, glycerol, propylene glycol, sugar alcohols; sol. in 66% ethanol; 100% Toxicology: JECFA classified as safe, no max. ADI Tally® 100 Plus [Loders Croklaan Inc] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl stearate, PEG-20 glyceryl stearate, hydrogenated soybean oil Uses: Emulsifier, dough strengthener, crumb softener, and antistaling agent in breads and other yeast-raised baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.834 Properties: Cream bead; HLB 6.1; m.p. 55-57 C; nonionic; 100% conc., 32-37% mono Tamol® 850 [Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium polymethacrylate aq. sol'n. CAS 25086-62-8 Uses: Scale inhibitor for boiler water (food contact) Features: Low foaming Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180 686

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Lt. yel. cl. liq.; m.w. 30,000; dens. 9.9 lb/gal; visc. 250 cps; pour pt. 32 F; pH 9.010.8; surf. tens. 71 dyne/cm (1%); anionic; 2931% total solids Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2 g/kg; contact causes irritation of eyes and skin Tamol® 960 [Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium polymethacrylate aq. sol'n. CAS 25086-62-8 Uses: Scale inhibitor for boiler water (food contact) Features: Low foaming Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180 Properties: Pale yel. cl. liq.; m.w. 5000; dens. 10.6 lb/gal; visc. 550 cps; pour pt. 32 F; pH 89; surf. tens. 63 dynes/cm (1%); anionic; 40% act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; contact causes irritation of eyes and skin Tandem® 5 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides, polysorbate 60 with BHA, and citric acid as preservatives See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Chem. Analysis: 31% alpha monoglyceride CAS 67254-73-3; 9005-67-8; 7664-38-2; 137-406; EINECS/ELINCS 231-633-2; 205-290-4 Uses: Food emulsifier, conditioner/softener for yeast-raised baked goods, e.g., bread, rolls; extends shelf life in doughnuts; enhances aeration, volume, and stability in icings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505 Properties: Ivory wh. plastic solid; sol. in veg. oils; disp. in water; m.p. 128 F; HLB 8.1; iodine no. 30; flash pt. > 300 F; nonionic Use Level: 0.4-0.5% on flour (bread), 1.2Þ% on flour (doughnuts), 5-7.5% in shortening (icings) Tandem® 8 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides, polysorbate 60 with BHA, and citric acid as preservatives See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Chem. Analysis: 31% alpha monoglyceride CAS 67254-73-3; 9005-67-8; 7664-38-2; 137-40Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

6 (; EINECS/ELINCS 231-633-2; 205-290-4 Uses: Food emulsifier, conditioner/softener for yeast-raised baked goods, e.g., bread, rolls; extends shelf life in doughnuts; enhances aeration, volume, and stability in icings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505 Properties: Ivory wh. plastic solid; HLB 8.1; iodine no. 22; pour pt. 52 C Use Level: 0.4-0.5% on flour (bread), 1.25% on flour (doughnuts), 5-7.5% in shortening (icings) Tandem® 11H K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated mono- and diglycerides, polysorbate 60 with sodium propionate and lactic acid See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Chem. Analysis: 19.5% alpha monoglyceride CAS 67254-73-3; 9005-67-8; 137-40-6; 50-21-5; EINECS/ELINCS 205-290-4; 200-018-0 Uses: Food emulsifier, conditioner/softener for yeast-raised baked goods, e.g., bread, rolls; provides aeration and volume in cakes; extends shelf life in doughnuts Properties: Ivory wh. soft plastic; disp. in water; HLB 6.3; iodine no. < 3; flash pt. > 300 F; pH 5; 50% conc. Use Level: 1-1.2% on flour (bread), 1-2.75% on flour (cake), 2.5% on flour (doughnuts) Tandem® 552 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Mono- and diglycerides, polysorbate 60, phosphoric acid, and sodium propionate as a preservative See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Chem. Analysis: 29% alpha monoglyceride CAS 67254-73-3; 9005-67-8; 7664-38-2; 137-406; EINECS/ELINCS 231-633-2; 205-290-4 Uses: Emulsifier, conditioner, softener for foods, yeast-raised baked goods, e.g., bread, rolls; pan release agent for buns; shelf life extender in doughnuts Features: When sprayed on buns, minimizes seed loss Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505; kosher Properties: Golden cl. liq.; sol. in veg. oils; disp. in water; m.p. 45 F; HLB 8.1; iodine no. 41; flash pt. > 300 F Use Level: 0.6-0.8% on flour (bread), 1.25% on flour (doughnuts)

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Tandem® 552 K [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of mono- and diglycerides and polysorbate 60 See Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Polysorbate 60 CAS 67254-73-3; 9005-67-8 Uses: Food emulsifier, conditioner/softener for yeast-raised baked goods, e.g., bread, rolls; extends shelf life in doughnuts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1505; kosher Properties: Golden cl. liq.; HLB 8.1; iodine no. 41; 29% alpha monoglyceride Use Level: 0.6-0.8% on flour (bread) Tang [MLG Enterprises] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium citrate, citric acid, sodium chloride Uses: Flavoring agent for rye, sour French, pizza crust, English muffins, pretzels, extruded dough prods. Features: Highly conc. precipitated form of citric acid; imparts distinctive tart flavor; replaces dry sours Properties: Free-flowing powd. Use Level: 3-8 oz/cwt flour Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions; 6 mos. shelf life Tapioca #1 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: unmodified tapioca starch Uses: Processing aid, visc. control agent for bakery, snacks; body/mouthfeel enhancer for dairy desserts Properties: Bland flavor Tapioca Dextrin 11 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrin CAS 9004-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-675-4 Uses: Shelf-life/freshness improver, solubilizer for candy coatings; visc. control agent, crispness enhancer, adhesion aid, cold processing aid for batters, breading; carrier for flavorings, colors in dry preparations Features: Food grade Tapioca Dextrin 12 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dextrin Uses: Shelf-life/freshness improver, solubilizer for candy coatings; visc. control agent, crispness enhancer, adhesion aid, cold processing aid for batters, breading; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carrier for flavorings, colors in dry preparations Features: Food grade Taterfos® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate, non-leavening CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Additive for processed foods; maintains natural white color of cooked potatoes Regulatory: Kosher, FCC Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; 1% max. on 70 mesh, 95% min. through 200 mesh; sol. 13 g/100 g saturated sol'n.; m.w. 221.9; bulk dens. 68 lb/ft3; pH 4.0-4.8 (1%); 95% min. assay Storage: Store cool and dry T-Det® N-50 [Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nonoxynol-50 CAS 9016-45-9 Uses: Defoamer for food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340; 40CFR §180.1001c,d,e Properties: Wh. solid; water-sol.; sp.gr. 1.07 (132 F); dens. 8.9 lb/gal (132 F); HLB 18.0; pour pt. 120 F; cloud pt. > 212 F (1%); flash pt. (PMCC) > 500 F; pH 5-7 (1% aq.); nonionic; 99.5% min. act. T-Det® N-507 [Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nonoxynol-50 CAS 9016-45-9 Uses: Defoamer for food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340; 40CFR §180.1001c,d,e Properties: APHA 100 opaque liq.; sp.gr. 1.09; dens. 9.1 lb/gal; visc. 760 cps; HLB 18.0; cloud pt. > 100 C (1%); flash pt. > 212 F (TOC); pour pt. 40 F; nonionic; 70 ± 0.5% act. Tenderfil® 8 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for canned and frozen foods, pie/cake fillings, sauces, gravies, soups, frozen dinners, baby foods Features: Cook-up starch; prevents syneresis during storage; high resist. to heat, freezethaw, and acid Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 688

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Wh. powd.; 98% through 100 mesh, 85% through 200 mesh; pH 6.0; 13% moisture Tenderfil® 9 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for canned foods, baby foods, sauces, gravies, soups, dietetic foods, creme fillings, puddings, veg./fruit puree Features: Cook-up starch; good resist. to heat, acids; forms semisoft tender gels with creamy texture; resists syneresis Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Powd., 98% through 100 mesh, 85% through 200 mesh; pH 6.0; 12% moisture Tenderfil® 428 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for pie fillings, aseptic puddings, frozen fillings Features: Cook-up starch for highly acidic food systems and those requiring visc. stability under high shear processing; provides good freeze/thaw stability in frozen preps Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: pH 5-6; 10-13% moisture Tenderfil® 473A [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Thickener for acidic foods, fruit puddings, canned baby foods, bakers jellies, canned cream soups Features: Cook-up starch; provides visc. stability at R.T. and under refrigeration Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; kosher, Passover certified Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; mixes readily in cold water; pH 5.7 (10% slurry); 11.5% moisture Tenox® 2 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHA (20%), propyl gallate (6%), citric acid (4%) in propylene glycol (70%) Uses: Antioxidant for foods, animal feeds, pet foods Features: Food-grade Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water, fats and oils; sp.gr. 1.064 (20 C); visc. 95 cP; b.p. 197 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 108 C; autoignition temp. 429 C; thermal decomp. no exotherm to 500 C Use Level: 0.076% fat (FDA), 0.05% fat (USDA) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; at elevated temps., vapor may cause eye/respiratory tract irritation; may cause allergic skin reaction; contains BHA, a possible human carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination Tenox® 4 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHA (20%), BHT (20%) in corn oil (60%) See Corn (Zea mays) oil Uses: Antioxidant for baked goods, bakery mixes and shortening, candies, cereal, cookies, crackers, edible fats, lard, meat prods., nuts, rice, sausages, breaded shrimp, spices, vitamins Features: Food-grade; exc. 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3169, 182.3173; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 reportable (BHA); Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan ENCS listed Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; sl. odor; exc. sol. in fats and oils; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.942 (20 C); visc. 61 cP; b.p. > 482 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 137 C; autoignition temp. 346 C Use Level: 0.05% fat (FDA), 0.05% fat (USDA) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (BHT), 10 mg/m3 (corn oil, mist); causes eye/skin irritation; at elevated temps., vapor may cause eye/respiratory tract irritation; ing. may cause GI tract irritation; contains BHA, a possible human carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: May accumulate a static charge which could act as an ignition source; can react with strong oxidizing agents 689

Part I: Trade Name Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination; plastic containers should not be heated above 80 C Tenox® 4B [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHT (20%) in corn oil (80%) See Corn (Zea mays) oil Uses: Antioxidant for foods, baked goods and mixes, beverage mixes, candies, cereals, citrus oils, crackers, dessert mixes, edible fats, flavors, meat prods., min. oil, nuts, rice, sausages, breaded shrimp, vitamins, yeast Features: Exc. 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3169; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 reportable (BHA); Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan ENCS listed Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; sl. odor; exc. sol. in fats and oils; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.951 (20 C); visc. 69 cP; b.p. > 480 C; flash pt. (Seta CC) 152 C Use Level: 0.1% fat (FDA), 0.05% fat (USDA) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (corn oil, mist); causes eye/skin irritation; at elevated temps., vapor may cause eye/respiratory tract irritation; contains BHA, a possible human carcinogen; TSCA listed Environmental: Expected to have high BOD/potential to cause oxygen depletion in aq. systems, high potential to affect some aquatic organisms, mod. potential to affect germination; after dil. and waste treatment, not expected to cause adverse environmental effects Precaution: Can react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination Tenox® 6 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHA (10%), BHT (10%), Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

propyl gallate (6%), citric acid (6%) in corn oil (28%), glyceryl oleate (28%), propylene glycol (12%) See Corn (Zea mays) oil Uses: Antioxidant for foods, baked goods and mixes, crackers, meat and poultry prods., sausages, spices, pet foods, animal feeds Features: Very good 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Amber liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water, fats and oils; sp.gr. 1.008 (20 C); visc. 333 cP; m.p. < 0 C; b.p. > 482 C; flash pt. (COC) 113 C; thermal decomp. temp. 480 C Use Level: 0.076% fat (FDA), 0.076% fat (USDA) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; at elevated temps., vapor may cause eye/respiratory tract irritation; may cause allergic skin reaction; contains BHA, a possible human carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Can react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination Tenox® 7 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHA (28%), propyl gallate (12%), citric acid (6%) in propylene glycol (34%), glyceryl oleate (20%) Uses: Antioxidant for foods, baked goods and mixes, candies, crackers, edible fats, margarine, meat prods., min. oil, poultry fat, sausages, snack foods, spices, pet foods, animal feeds Features: Food-grade; very good 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Amber liq.; sl. odor; very good sol. in fats and oils; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.081 (20 C); visc. 291 cP; f.p. < -18 C; b.p. 236 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 113 C; autoignition temp. 385 C; thermal decomp. no exotherm to 500 C 690

Part I: Trade Name Reference Use Level: 0.05% fat (FDA), 0.035% fat (USDA) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; at elevated temps., vapor may cause eye/respiratory tract irritation; may cause allergic skin reaction; contains BHA, a possible human carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Can react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination Tenox® 8 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHT (20%), corn oil (80%) See Corn (Zea mays) oil Uses: Antioxidant for foods, baked goods, cereals, crackers, nuts, rice, breaded shrimp, vitamins Features: Food-grade; good 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3173; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; kosher; Calif. Prop. 65 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan ENCS listed Properties: Lt. straw to lt. amber liq.; sl. odor; exc. sol. in fats and oils; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.925 (20 C); visc. 49 cP; b.p. > 204 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 139 C; autoignition temp. 379 C Use Level: 0.1% fat (FDA), 0.05% fat (USDA) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (BHT), 10 mg/m3 (corn oil); low hazard by inh., eye/skin contact; expected to be low ing. hazard; TSCA listed Precaution: Can react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination Tenox® 20 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: t-Butyl hydroquinone (< 25%), citric acid (< 15%) in propylene glycol (> 65%) Uses: Antioxidant for foods, baked goods, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fish oils and prods., frying oils, potato chips, poultry prods., snack foods, veg. oils, inedible fats, pet foods, animal feeds Features: Food-grade; good 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Amber liq.; sweet odor; sol. in water, fats and oils; sp.gr. 1.087 (20 C); visc. 235 cP; flash pt. (TCC) 113 C Use Level: 0.1% fat (FDA), 0.05% fat (USDA) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; reacts with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing; stir well before using Tenox® 20A [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: t-Butylhydroquinone (20%), citric acid (3%) in glyceryl oleate (32%), veg. oils (30%), propylene glycol (15%) See tButyl hydroquinone; Vegetable oil Uses: Antioxidant for foods, candies, cookies, edible fats, fish oils and prods., frying oils, margarine, meat and poultry prods., nuts, potato chips, poultry fat, sausages, snack foods, spices, veg. oil, pet foods, animal feeds Features: Food-grade; good 'carry through' in baked goods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Amber visc. liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water, fats and oils; sp.gr. 0.998 (20 C); visc. 369 cP; b.p. 105 C; flash pt. 126 C; thermal decomp. temp. 315 C Use Level: 0.1% fat (FDA), 0.05% fat (USDA) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to 691

Part I: Trade Name Reference avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination Tenox® 20B [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: t-Butyl hydroquinone (20%) and citric acid (3%) in propylene glycol (77%) Uses: Antioxidant for foods, baked goods, frying oils, potato chips, poultry prods., snack foods, veg. oils Features: Good 'carry through' in baked foods Properties: Lt. amber to pale golden brn. sol'n.; good sol. in fats and oils; sp.gr. 1.047; visc. 120 cP Use Level: 0.1% fat (FDA), 0.05% fat (USDA) Storage: 12 mos. shelf life Tenox® 21 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: t-Butylhydroquinone (20%), citric acid (1%) in veg. oil (32%), glyceryl oleate (32%), propylene glycol (15%) See tButyl hydroquinone; Vegetable oil Uses: Antioxidant for foods, frying oils, margarine, snack foods, veg. oils Features: Food-grade; good 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Amber visc. liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water, fats and oils; sp.gr. 0.991 (20 C); visc. 284 cP; b.p. 205 C; flash pt. (Seta CC) 112 C; thermal decomp. no exotherm to 500 C Use Level: 0.1% fat (FDA), 0.05% fat (USDA) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination; plastic containers should not be heated above 80 C Tenox® 22 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHA (20%), t-butyl hydroquinone (6%), and citric acid (4%) in propylene glycol (70%) Uses: Antioxidant for foods, baked goods, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pet foods, animal feeds Features: Food-grade; very good 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Lt. amber visc. liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water, fats and oils; sp.gr. 1.054 (20 C); visc. 91 cP; b.p. 204 C; flash pt. (Seta CC) 103 C; thermal decomp. no exotherm to 500 C Use Level: 0.076% fat (FDA), 0.05% fat (USDA) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; at elevated temps., vapor may cause eye/respiratory tract irritation; contains BHA, a possible human carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination Tenox® 25 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHT (10%), TBHQ (10%), citric acid (3%) in corn oil (31%), glyceryl oleate (31%), propylene glycol (15%) See tButyl hydroquinone; Corn (Zea mays) oil Uses: Antioxidant for foods, bakery prods. and mixes, shortening, candies, cookies, crackers, edible fats, lard, margarine, meat prods., sausages, snack foods, spices, animal feeds Features: Exc. 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Amber visc. liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water, fats and oils; sp.gr. 0.938 (20 C); visc. 190 cP; b.p. 215 C; flash pt. 113 C Use Level: 0.10% fat (FDA), 0.10% fat (USDA) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to 692

Part I: Trade Name Reference avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination Tenox® 26 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHA (10%), BHT (10%), tbutyl hydroquinone (6%), and citric acid (6%) in corn oil (28%), glyceryl oleate (28%), propylene glycol (12%) See Corn (Zea mays) oil Uses: Antioxidant for foods, bakery prods. and mixes, poultry prods., sausages, spices, pet foods, animal feeds Features: Very good 'carry through' in baked foods Properties: Golden brn. sol'n.; exc. sol. in fats and oils; sp.gr. 0.997; visc. 235 cP Use Level: 0.076% fat (FDA), 0.076% fat (USDA) Tenox® A [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHA (40%), citric acid (8%) in propylene glycol (52%) Uses: Antioxidant for foods, baked goods, beverage mixes, dessert mixes, rice, breaded shrimp, vitamins Features: Food-grade; exc. 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3169, 184.1033, 184.1666; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 reportable (BHA); Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan ENCS listed Properties: Lt. yel. visc. liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water, fats and oils; sp.gr. 1.071 (20 C); visc. 144 cP; b.p. 198 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 108 C; autoignition temp. 390 C Use Level: 0.05% fat (FDA), 0.025% fat (USDA) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; at elevated temps., vapor may cause eye/respiratory tract irritation; may cause human skin sensitization; ing. may cause GI tract irritation; contains BHA, a possible human carcinogen; TSCA listed Environmental: Expected to have high BOD/potential to cause oxygen depletion in aq. systems, high potential to affect some aquatic organisms, mod. potential to affect germination; after dil. and waste treatment, not expected to cause adverse environmental effects Precaution: May react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination Tenox® BHA [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHA CAS 25013-16-5; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8 Uses: Antioxidant for foods, beverage and dessert mixes, chewing gum, flavorings, citrus oils, nuts, vitamins, yeast; shelf life extender in cooked foods; stabilizer for fats, oils, vitamins, pet foods, etc. Features: 'carry through' effect in cooked foods, providing extended shelf life Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §161.175, 164.110, 166.110, 172.110, 172.515, 182.3169; USDA 9CFR 318.7, 381.147; kosher; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Wh. waxy tablets or flakes, sl. char. odor; sol. in ethanol, diisobutyl adipate, propylene glycol, glyceryl oleate, soya oil, lard, yel. grease, and paraffin; insol. in water; m.w. 180.25; sp.gr. 1.05 (20 C); m.p. 48-63 C; b.p. 264-270 C (733 mm); flash pt. (COC) 155 C; thermal decomp. no exotherm to 500 C; > 99% act. Use Level: 200 ppm (general), 1000 ppm (chewing gum base), 5000 ppm (flavors), 2-90 ppm (dry mixes) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2500-5000 mg/kg; causes eye/skin irritation; dust/vapor irritating to eyes, respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (fathead minnow, 96 h) 2.2 mg/l, (daphnia, 96 h) 3.2 mg/l Precaution: Powd. material may form explosive dust/air mixts.; minimize dust generation/accumulation; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; keep container closed; protect from contamination

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Tenox® BHT [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHT CAS 128-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-881-4 Uses: Antioxidant for foods, chewing gum, edible fats, nuts; stabilizer for oils, fats, cereals Features: Provides 'carry through' effectiveness in cooked foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.350, 161.175, 164.110, 166.110, 172.115, 172.615, 182.3173; USDA 9CFR 318.7, 381.147; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Wh. gran. cryst., very sl. odor; sol. in paraffin, lard, yel. grease, diisobutyl adipate; insol. in water, glycerol, propylene glycol; m.w. 220; sp.gr. 1.048 (20 C); m.p. 69.7 C; b.p. 265 C (760 mm); flash pt. (COC) 129 C; autoignition temp. 368 C; thermal decomp. temp. no exotherm to 500 C; 100% act. Use Level: 200 ppm (general), 1000 ppm (chewing gum base), 50 ppm (dry potatoes), 100 ppm (USDA) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 mg/m3; NIOSH REL 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 1700 mg/kg, (skin, guinea pig) > 8000 mg/kg; at elevated temps., vapor may cause eye/respiratory tract irritation; sl to mod. skin irritant; nonsensitizing; TSCA listed Environmental: BOD5 510 mg/g; COD 2270 mg/g; ThOD 2980 mg/g Precaution: Powd. material may form explosive dust/air mixts.; minimize dust generation/accumulation; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; keep container closed; protect from contamination Tenox® CA-30 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol (60-75%), citric acid (15-35%), esters of propylene glycol and citric acid (0-20%) Uses: Antioxidant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1033, 184.1666; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 immediate (acute) health hazard; kosher Properties: Colorless liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sp.gr. > 1; m.p. < -10 C Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; at elevated temps., vapor may cause eye/respiratory tract irritation; may cause human skin sensitization; expected to be low ing. hazard Precaution: Can react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing Tenox® CA-50 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol (< 50%), citric acid (< 50%), esters of propylene glycol and citric acid (< 50%), water (< 20%) Uses: Antioxidant, stabilizer, shelf life extender for fats, oils, foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1033, 184.1666; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 immediate (acute) health hazard; kosher Properties: Colorless to lt. straw liq.; sl. odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.25 (20 C) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; at elevated temps., vapor may cause eye/respiratory tract irritation; may cause human skin sensitization; expected to be low ing. hazard Precaution: Can react with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing Tenox® PG [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propyl gallate CAS 121-79-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-498-2 Uses: Antioxidant, stabilizer for veg. oils, poultry fat; shelf life extender for butter oils, poultry fat, etc. Features: Nondiscoloring; often in combination with citric acid, BHA, and/or BHT; suggested for use in veg. oils in countries where TBHQ not permitted Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.615, 184.1660; USDA 9CFR 318.7, 381.147; kosher; DOT nonregulated; SARA 694

Part I: Trade Name Reference §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., very sl. char. odor; sol. in ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerol; sol. 35 mg/l in water; m.w. 212.20; sp.gr. 1.21; m.p. 146-150 C; b.p. 148 C dec.; flash pt. (Seta CC) 187 C; autoignition temp. 438 C; thermal decomp. temp. 330 C; pH 5.7-6.3 Use Level: 200 ppm (general), 1000 ppm (chewing gum base) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3000 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 2000 mg/kg; may cause allergic skin reaction; TSCA listed Precaution: Can dec. @ elevated temps.; minimize dust generation/accumulation; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store in cool place; keep container closed; protect from contamination Tenox® R [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: BHA (20%), citric acid (20%) in propylene glycol (60%) Uses: Antioxidant for foods, baked goods, pet foods, animal feeds Features: Food-grade; exc. 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3169, 184.1033, 184.1666; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 reportable (BHA); Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan ENCS listed Properties: Lt. yel. visc. liq.; sol. in water, fats and oils; sp.gr. 1.117; visc. 229 cP; b.p. 195 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 113 C; autoignition temp. 424 C Use Level: 0.1% fat (FDA), 0.05% fat (USDA) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; at elevated temps., vapor may cause eye/respiratory tract irritation; ing. may cause GI tract irritation; may cause human skin sensitization; contains BHA, possible human carcinogen; TSCA listed Environmental: Expected to have high BOD/potential to cause oxygen depletion in aq. systems, high potential to affect some aquatic organisms, mod. potential to affect germination; after dil. and waste treatment, not expected to cause adverse environmental effects Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination Tenox® S-1 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propyl gallate (20%), citric acid (10%) in propylene glycol (70%) Uses: Antioxidant for foods, fish oils and prods., poultry fat, veg. oils, pet foods, animal feeds Features: Food-grade; fair 'carry through' in baked foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICCS, Japan MITI, Korea ECL listed Properties: Lt. amber liq. mild odor; sol. in water, fats and oils; sp.gr. 1.127; visc. 244 cP; b.p. 195 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 107 C; autoignition temp. 446 C; thermal decomp. temp. 475 C Use Level: 0.1% fat (FDA), 0.05% fat (USDA) Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; may cause allergic skin reaction; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store @ 10-32 C to avoid separation and prolong shelf life; keep container closed; protect from freezing, contamination Tenox® S-2 [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propyl gallate (20%), citric acid (1%) in propylene glycol (79%) Uses: Antioxidant for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1033, 184.1660, 184.1666; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §311 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan ENCS listed Properties: Lt. amber liq.; mild odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.127 (20 C); visc. 244 cP; vapor pressure negligible; b.p. 195 C; flash pt. 695

Part I: Trade Name Reference (PMCC) 107 C; autoignition temp. 446 C Toxicology: Causes eye/skin irritation; may cause allergic skin reaction; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container closed; protect from contamination Tenox® TBHQ [Eastman http://www.eastman.com] Chem. Descrip.: t-Butyl hydroquinone CAS 1948-33-0; EINECS/ELINCS 217-752-2 Uses: Antioxidant, stabilizer for foods, edible fats, fish oils and prods., frying oils, margarine, nuts, poultry fat, veg. oils, waxes; used in combination with BHA and/or BHT in meat and poultry prods. to provide max. protection with USDA compliance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.110, 166.110, 172.185; USDA 9CFR 318.7, 381.147; kosher; DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312 acute health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL, EINECS, Australia AICS, Japan MITI listed Properties: Wh. to lt. tan cryst., very sl. odor; sol. in ethanol, ethyl acetate, propylene glycol, veg. oils; mod. sol. in water; m.w. 166.22; sp.gr. 1.05 (20 C); m.p. 126.5-128.5 C; b.p. 295 C; flash pt. (COC) 171 C; autoignition temp. 457 C; thermal decomp. no exotherm to 400 C Use Level: 200 ppm (FDA); not permitted in combination with propyl gallate Toxicology: LD50 (oral, male rat) 951 mg/kg, (skin, guinea pig) > 1000 mg/kg; causes mod. to strong eye/mod. skin irritation; extended contact may cause temporary skin discoloration; sl. skin sensitization; TSCA listed Environmental: BOD5 70 mg/g; BOD20 2000 mg/g; COD 2200 mg/g; ThOD 2450 mg/g; LC50 (fathead minnow, 96 h) 0.6 mg/l, (daphnid, 96 h) 3.2 mg/l Precaution: Powd. material may form explosive dust/air mixts.; minimize dust generation/accumulation; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. shelf life; store in closed container away from contamination Teriyaki Sauce Powder 7028 [Nikken Foods Co. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ltd. http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: blend of fermented soy sauce, flavorings and spices on maltodextrin carrier CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Uses: Flavoring agent for food Features: Free of MSG, HVP; can be rehydrated to a full-flavored teriyaki sauce γ-Terpinene P&F [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)1,4-cyclohexadiene See γ-Terpinene CAS 99-85-4; EINECS/ELINCS 202-794-6 UN 2319 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance for foods Regulatory: DOT regulated; FDA 21CFR §172.515 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; char. lemon odor; sl. bitter herbaceous, citrus-like taste (@ > 40 ppm conc.), pleasant and citrusy at lower levels; m.w. 136.24; sp.gr. 0.846-0.848; dens. 7.06 lb/gal; b.p. 115 C; flash pt. (TCC) 55.6 C; ref. index 1.472-1.477; 98% min. act. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3650 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; undiluted liq. may irritate skin and eyes; TSCA listed Terra Alba [Allied Custom Gypsum http://www.alliedcustomgypsum.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate dihydrate (> 90%), calcium sulfate (< 10%), calcium carbonate (< 3%), crystalline silica (< 0.5%) See Quartz CAS 13397-24-5; 7778-18-9; 471-34-1; 1480860-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-900-3 Uses: Dough conditioner, firming agent, nutrient, dietary supplement in yeast-raised baked goods; carrier for bleaching agents; stabilizer, thickener, pH control agent, sequestrant; in brewing and fermentation processes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1230, GRAS Properties: Wh. fine free-flowing powd., odorless, tasteless; 95% through 325 sieve; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 172.17; sp.gr. 2.32; bulk dens. 45 lb/ft3 (loose); pH 7-7.5; 98% min. assay Toxicology: Nuisance particulate; high exposure to dust may cause eye and respiratory system irritation Precaution: Incompat. with aluminum, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SOx 696

Part I: Trade Name Reference HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Freeze-dried aloe vera gel powd. See Aloe barbadensis gel Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods/beverages (health/sports/fitness drinks, juice blends, health foods) Properties: Beige to lt. brn. fine cryst. powd.; After reconstitution 1:99: sp.gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0; 8% max. moisture Storage: Preserve after reconstitution; may darken with age Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X Decolorized [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf juice and maltodextrin Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods/beverages (health/sports/fitness drinks, juice blends, health foods) Properties: Wh. to lt. beige fine cryst. powd.; After reconstitution 1:99: sp.gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0; 8% max. moisture Storage: Preserve after reconstitution; may darken with age Terra-Pure™ Certified Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 200X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf juice Chem. Analysis: 100% aloe solids; 8% max. moisture Uses: Moisturizer, soothing agent for edible prods., health drinks, sports/fitness drinks, Regulatory: USDA (NOP)/IFOAM certified organic Properties: Wh. to lt. beige fine cryst. powd.; After reconstitution 1:199: sp.gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0 Storage: Store in a cool, dry place; preserve after reconstitution; may darken with age Terra-Pure™ Certified Spray Dried Aloe Vera Powder, 200X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf juice Chem. Analysis: 100% aloe solids; 8% max. moisture Uses: In foods, beverages Properties: Lt. cream to beige fine powd., mod. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

veg. odor; disperses rapidly in most aq. sol'ns.; After reconsitituting 1:199 with DI water: sp.gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0 Storage: Highly hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place with desiccant; add preservatives on reconstitution Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Aloe Vera Powder Regular, 200X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf juice Chem. Analysis: 100% aloe solids Uses: Botanical extract for health drinks, juice blends with aloe, health foods, and sports/fitness drinks Features: Pasteurized to maintain efficacy Properties: Lt. cream to beige, fine crystalline powd.; sp.gr. 0.997-1.004 (25 C); pH 3.5-5.0 Storage: Store in a cool, dry place; preserve after reconstitution; may darken with age Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Regular 200X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Freeze-dried aloe vera gel powd. 200X See Aloe barbadensis gel Chem. Analysis: 8% max. moisture Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods/beverages (health/sports/fitness drinks, juice blends, health foods) Properties: Lt. cream to beige fine cryst. powd.; After reconstitution 1:199: sp.gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0 Storage: Preserve after reconstitution; may darken with age Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Freeze Dried Decolorized 200X [Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com] Chem. Descrip.: Aloe barbadensis leaf juice Chem. Analysis: 100% aloe solids; 8% max. moisture Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods/beverages (health/sports/fitness drinks, juice blends, health foods) Properties: Wh. to lt. beige fine cryst. powd.; After reconstitution 1:199: sp.gr. 0.997-1.004; pH 3.5-5.0; 8% max. moisture Storage: Preserve after reconstitution; may darken with age Tetraglyn 1-OV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-4 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 697

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: O/w emulsifier, anticrystallizing agent for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Pale yel. visc. liq.; HLB 6.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed Tetraglyn 1-SV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-4 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Features: Lipophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Wh. flake; HLB 6.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed Tetraglyn 3-S [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-4 tristearate CAS 99734-29-9 Uses: O/w emulsifier, anticrystallizing agent for foods Properties: Wh. flake; nonionic; 100% conc. Tetraglyn 5-O [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-4 pentaoleate CAS 103230-29-1 Uses: O/w emulsifier, anticrystallizing agent for foods Properties: Pale yel. liq.; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed Tetraglyn 5-S [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl-4 pentastearate CAS 99570-00-0 Uses: O/w emulsifier for foods; anticrystallizing agent for fats Properties: Wh. flake; nonionic; 100% conc. Tetrahop® [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Highly purified aq. sol'n. of potassium salt of tetrahydroisoalpha acids standardized @ 10% w/v, from hops extract Uses: Light stabilizer, foam stabilizer, flavor stabilizer, bitterness enhancer and antimicrobial effects for beer Features: Produces light-stable beer with improved foam stand and cling and enhanced bitterness qualities and flavor stability; for postfermentation injection Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store at R.T. Tetrahop® [John I. Hass http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Highly purified aq. sol'n. of potassium salt of tetrahydroisoα acids from CO2 hops extract Chem. Analysis: 9.0% ± 0.5 of tetrahydro-iso-αacids Uses: Foam enhancer and antimicrobial for beer when used as a post fermentation replacement for a part of the normal bittering; protectant against 'light-struck' flavor Properties: Yel. to amber-colored aq. sol'n.; sol. in pH-adjusted demineralized water and ethanol; sp. gr. 1.017; visc. 5.08 mPas Storage: 18 mos.. shelf life; store at R.T. in full, closed containers Textaid®-A [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from corn See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for foods esp. tomato prods. (tomato, spaghetti, and pizza sauces), fruit prods. (donut and turnover fillings), drinks, cereals, baby foods; binder, texturizer in fabricated potato prods. Features: Pregelatinized; imparts pulpy or grainy texture to both high and low acid foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. coarse powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 8 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Textra® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, mouthfeel 698

Part I: Trade Name Reference enhancer for liq. foods, beverages, sauces, syrups; suspending agent for particulates, e.g., fruit pulp in juice beverages; promotes adhesion of sauces to food prods. Features: Exc. stability to gelling; provides smooth, flowable texture and sl. cohesiveness; resist. to acid, heat, high shear Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 9% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Textra® Plus [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Mouthfeel enhancer, gloss aid, clarifier in drinks (coffee, tea, chocolate, dry mixes); suspending agent for fruit pulp in juice beverages; visc. builder, texturizer, adhesion promoter in sauces, e.g., soy sauce; texturizer in reduced-solids foods, e.g., "lite" pancake syrup Features: Exc. dispersibility and oil-like props.; imparts sheen, clarity, bland taste; exc. gelling stability on refrigeration Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing coarse powd.; starch odor; bland taste; sol. in cold water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Textrion PROGEL 800 [DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com] Chem. Descrip.: whey protein conc. prepared from casein whey CAS 84082-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7 Uses: Texturizer, viscosity builder, serum formation inhibitor in set or stirred yogurts and dessert prods.; texture improver and emulsifier in convenience foods Features: Consistent visc. control; soluble and gelling over wide pH range; exc. flavor profile; suitable for vegetarians Regulatory: EU compliant Properties: Neutral odor and odor Storage: Shelf life 2 yrs when stored in original sealed container @ 5-25 C and 70% max. R.H. in odor free environment Textureze™ NB 100 [ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Alginic acid, sodium salt; Cellulose; Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt; sucrose See Algin; Carboxymethylcellulose CAS 9005-38-3; 9004-34-6; 9004-32-4; 57-50-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9; 265-995-8 Uses: Stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer, and texturizer for nutritional beverages Features: Impart a refreshing and clean mouthfeel Regulatory: FDA GRAS (21 CFR §184.1724). Properties: Wh. powd.; disp. in water; sp. gr. 0.55, pH 6.0-8.0 (2% solids dispersion); hygroscopic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >5,000; may cause mild eye irritation; prolonged contact with skin may cause drying and chapping; TSCA listed Environmental: biodeg. Precaution: Minimize dust generation; avoid contact with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, out of direct sunlight in tightly closed containers

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Textureze™ MT 200 [ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate, dextrose, calcium lactate, distilled monoglycerides and partially hydrogenated vegetable oil See Algin; Glucose CAS 9005-38-3; 50-99-7; 814-80-2; 68334-28-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1; 212-406-7; 269820-6 Uses: Thickener, gellant, stabilizer for restructured meat prods., poultry pieces (ground or formed, raw or cooked) Regulatory: FDA GRAS Use Level: 2.0% in restructured meat prods.; 1.6% in poultry pieces TFC® 999® Salt [Morton Salt http://www.mortonsalt.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chloride FCC with trace anticaking agent (sodium ferrocyanide) CAS 7647-14-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-598-3 Uses: Salt for continuous cheddar/Colby cheese processing Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Sodium ferrocyanide: 21CFR §172.490; exempt from label declaration under 21CFR 101.100(a)(3) Properties: Powd.; 44-64% retained on 50 mesh, 17-36% on 70 mesh; mean crystal size 340 µm; mean surf. area 84 cm2/g; bulk dens. 1.21.27 g/ml (loose); 99.97% NaCl TFC® H.G. Blending Salt [Morton Salt http://www.mortonsalt.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chloride FCC with anticaking agent (sodium ferrocyanide) Uses: Salt Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Sodium ferrocyanide: FDA 21CFR §172.490, exempt from label declaration under 21CFR §101.100(a)(3) Properties: Powd.; 33-89% retained 40 mesh, 12-49% retained 50 mesh (Hutchinson); mean crystal size 380 µm; mean surf. area 76 cm2/g; bulk dens. 1.15-1.23 g/ml (loose); 99.85% NaCl TFC Purex® Salt [Morton Salt http://www.mortonsalt.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium chloride FCC with anticaking agent (sodium ferrocyanide) Uses: Salt for ham, bacon, corned beef prods. Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Sodium ferrocyanide: FDA 21CFR §172.490, exempt from label declaration under Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

21CFR §101.100(a)(3) Properties: Powd.; 25-57% retained on 50 mesh, 10-37% on 70 mesh; mean crystal size 410 µm; mean surf. area 70 cm2/g; bulk dens. 1.171.28 g/ml (loose); 99.82% NaCl Thermal Select 75%/80%/85% (FG) [ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com] Chem. Descrip.: Phosphoric acid CAS 7664-38-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-633-2 Uses: Acidulant, pH control agent, buffering agent, flavor enhancer, flavoring agent, sequestrant, stabilizer and thickener, and synergist; used in cola beverages, carbonated and noncarbonated beverages, candy, fruits, jams, and jellies, lard, yogurt, bakery prods. Features: Food-grade Regulatory: FCC compliance Properties: Cl. to sl. golden syrupy liq.; pleasing acid taste when diluted Toxicology: Causes eye burns, skin and respiratory tract irritation; avoid breathing dust Storage: Keep container closed; empty containers contain residue Thermax® 34 [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Conc. whey protein Chem. Analysis: 34% protein; 4.0% moisture; 4.0% fat CAS 84082-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7 Uses: Nutritional supplement and water binder in ultra-pasteurized and UHT prods., ready-to-drink beverages, chocolate, soups, sauces, ice cream/frozen yogurt, processed cheeses, and infant formulas Features: Exc. flavor profile; acid and heat stable; high solubility Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: pH 6.8-7.2 (10% sol'n.) Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Thermax® 690 [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed whey protein isolate Chem. Analysis: 90% protein; 4.0% moisture; < 1.0% fat Uses: Nutritional supplement for nutritional, weight-loss, clinical nutrition, and sports beverages Features: Sol. over a wide pH range; exc. heat 700

Part I: Trade Name Reference stability; remains stable throughout UHT and retort thermal processing; low fat and carbohydrate content Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: Mild taste; pH 7.5(10% sol'n.) Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Thermflo® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Stabilizer, texturizer for fruit fillings and glazes, puddings, custards and cream pie fillings, gravies, sauces, frozen foods Features: Rec. for high or low pH systems processed under high temp., high shear, or lengthy processing conditions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd., starch odor; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin and by ing. Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Thermolec 57 [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified soya lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Pan/mold release agent for baked goods, dairy prods., instant beverage mixes, instant foods, confections; emulsifier Properties: Translucent fluid; visc. 30 stokes; HLB 7.0; acid no. 28 max.; 0.80% max. water Thermolec 200 [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified soya lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier for infant formulas, coffee creamers, gravies, sauces, baked goods, dairy prods., instant foods and beverage mixes, confections; release agent Properties: Translucent fluid; visc. 60 stokes; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

HLB 7.0; acid no. 30 max.; 0.80% max. water Thermolec WFC [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxylated soya lecithin See Hydroxylated lecithin CAS 8029-76-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-440-6 Uses: Emulsifier for o/w emulsions, infant formulas, coffee creamers, gravies, sauces, instant dry mixes Properties: Translucent fluid; visc. 90 stokes; HLB 11.0; acid no. 30 max.; 1% max. water Thermshear [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for dairy prods., puddings, cream fillings, yogurt, dressings; shelf life extender, gloss aid, flow aid for high acid sauces such as plum and lemon; water binder, syneresis inhibitor, stabilizer for prods. that require refrigeration or repeated freeze-thaw cycles Features: Cook-up starch; exc. low temp. stability; rec. for harsh processing conditions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd., starch odor; bland, neutral taste; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 6 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin and by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Thermtex® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, viscosity builder, heat penetration aid in retorted foods such as cook-in-can fruit fillings and aseptically processed canned foods, high shear systems such as emulsion meats, spoonable salad dressings Features: Allows excellent heat penetration during retorting; exc. cold temp. storage 701

Part I: Trade Name Reference stability; exc. resist. to visc. breakdown under extreme processing conditions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd., starch odor; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 5.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin and by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Thiamine Hydrochloride USP, FCC [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vitamin B1 hydrochloride USP, FCC, EP See Thiamine HCl CAS 67-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-641-8 Uses: Nutrient, thiamine source in dry prods. (infant formulas, dry foods for reconstitution); flavoring agent Features: Not rec. for dry prods. with high moisture content Regulatory: USP, FCC, Ph. Eur. Properties: Wh. or almost wh. powd.; freely sol. in water Precaution: Avoid heat, alkalis, prolonged light exposure Storage: Store in dry place in tightly closed container Thibola 100 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gelling agent, texturizer, visc. control agent in jelly and gum candies, processed cheeses, cultured prods.; texturizer, visc. control agent in retort applics. Thibola 230 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gelling agent, texturizer, visc. control agent in jelly and gum candies, processed cheeses, cultured prods.; texturizer, visc. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

control agent in retort applics. Thibola 300 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Gelling agent, texturizer, visc. control agent in jelly and gum candies Thin-N-Thik® 99 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified, derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. control agent for puddings, sauces, gravies, fruit pie fillings, tomatobased prods., stews, meat prods. Features: Cook-up starch providing controlled thin-to-thick visc. change to retorted and aseptically processed foods, acid and neutral systems Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd.; 90% through 100 mesh; pH 5.5 (uncooked); 12% moisture Thomil G [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl myristate CAS 589-68-4; EINECS/ELINCS 248-329-0 Uses: Food lubricant Properties: Nonionic Thymus Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Ticaxan® Regular [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, emulsifier, suspending agent, binder, moisture control agent in foods (salad dressings, sauces, fruit beverages, dry mixes, refrigerated dough, cake mixes, relish, pie fillings, bakery emulsions) TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1144 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener, suspending agent for foods, salad dressings, relishes, gravies, sauces Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.25-0.50% 702

Part I: Trade Name Reference TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1155 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Suspending agent for foods, beverages, marinades, meal replacers, esp. for suspending all-natural seaweed liq. base in neutraceutical beverages Features: Provides mouthfeel and suspension without adding visc. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-0.3% TIC Pretested® Action Gum 5000 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener, suspending aid for salad dressing, gravies, and dry powd. mixes Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® Action Gum 6700 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener, suspending aid for salad dressing, gravies, dry powd. mixes Features: All natural; low cost; low usage Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® Action Gum 8200 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener, suspending agent, moisture-binder and shelf-life extender in bakery prods., dry mix applics. Features: All natural; rapid hydration characteristics Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® Action Gum 19444 Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, suspending agent in foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-0.4% TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 100 FCC/NF Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agar agar gum See Agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Gellant for foods; anticrystallization agent for sugar in doughnut glazes; texturizer in jelly candies, marshmallows; stabilizer for meringue mixes; flavoring agent; gelatin replacement in fining of wines, juices, and vinegar Features: Rigid gel which must boil to hydrate; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stable under low pH conditions; tolerates large percentages of salts without changes in gel structure Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Med. mesh powd.; 90% through 100 mesh; m.w. 5000-30,000; visc. forms gel on heating; gel pt. 88-103 F; pH 4-7; 20% max. moisture Use Level: 0.15-0.25% (bakery icings), 0.250.45% (pie fillings), 0.1-0.2% (bakery glazes), 0.5-0.65% (low calorie jams/jellies), 1.1-1.25% (candy gels), 8-10% (dental impressions) TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 110 FCC/NF Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Gellant for foods, icings, doughnut glazes, canned meats/fish/poultry; anticrystallization agent for sugar in doughnut glazes; texturizer in jelly candies, marshmallows; stabilizer for meringue mixes; gelatin replacement in fining of wines, juices, and vinegar Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 100 mesh powd.; sol. in water @ 212 F for 5 min Use Level: 0.8-1.2% (general use); 0.2% (icings); 0.5-1% (doughnut glazes); 0.3-1.8% (jelly candies, marshmallow); 0.5-2.0% (canned meat/fish/poultry); 0.05-10.15% (wines/juices/vinegar) TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 150 FCC/NF Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Gellant for foods, icings, doughnut glazes, canned meats/fish/poultry; anticrystallization agent for sugar in doughnut glazes; texturizer in jelly candies, marshmallows; stabilizer for meringue mixes; gelatin replacement in fining of wines, juices, and vinegar Regulatory: Kosher Properties: 150 mesh powd.; sol. in water @ 212 F for 5 min Use Level: 0.2% (icings); 0.5-1% (doughnut glazes); 0.3-1.8% (jelly candies, marshmallow); 0.5-2.0% (canned meat/fish/poultry); 0.05-10.15% (wines/juices/vinegar)

703

Part I: Trade Name Reference TIC Pretested® Agar RS-100 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Gellant for foods, icings, doughnut glazes, canned meats/fish/poultry; anticrystallization agent for sugar in doughnut glazes; texturizer in jelly candies, marshmallows; stabilizer for meringue mixes; gelatin replacement in fining of wines, juices, and vinegar Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 150-180 F Use Level: 0.2% (icings); 0.5-1% (doughnut glazes); 0.3-1.8% (jelly candies, marshmallow); 0.5-2.0% (canned meat/fish/poultry); 0.05-10.15% (wines/juices/vinegar) TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-30 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Gellant, gelatin replacement for foods (esp. confections, dairy prods., lowfat dairy prods.) Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 150-180 F Use Level: 0.15-1.3% TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-500 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 Uses: Gellant, gelatin replacement in Gummy Bears and similar jelly-like confections Features: All natural; does not require boiling in order to hydrate; forms flexible, heat reversible gels that have a gelling point below 65 C resulting in more flexible gels Regulatory: Kosher Use Level: 0.60-1.25% TIC Pretested® Arabic FT-1 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic USP See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Carrier, antioxidant, flavor retention aid for spray-dried flavors; flavoring agent Features: Provides clean taste; may be labeled 'natural' Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; 85% min. dietary fiber, 15% max. moisture TIC Pretested® Arabic PH SD [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic FCC/NF See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsifier, water binder, adhesion promoter for beverage emulsions and flavor encapsulation; low visc. and high fiber for beverage mixes and meal replacers; flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1330, GRAS Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing powd., odorless, bland flavor; 55% min. on 100 mesh; visc. 300 cps max.; pH 4-5; 85% min. dietary fiber, 15% max. moisture TIC Pretested® Aragum® 1067-T SS Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of gum Arabic, other gums and sugar solids See Acacia Uses: Adhesion promoter, tackifier, thickener for confectionery (snacks, seed cakes), other binding applics. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 5-10% TIC Pretested® Aragum® 3173 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of gum Arabic and other gums See Acacia Uses: Visc. builder for bakery flavor emulsions, confections Features: Gum tragacanth replacement Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.25-0.75% TIC Pretested® Aragum® 9000 M Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of gum Arabic and other gums standardized with dextrin See Acacia Uses: Clouding agent for flavor emulsions Features: 1:1 replacement for gum Arabic; stable in presence of alcohol; can be stored refrigerated without setting Regulatory: FDA approved; kosher Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., bland odor, sl. sweet flavor; 20% min. on 80 mesh; sol. in cold water; visc. 600 cps max. (30%); pH 4-7; 12% max. moisture Use Level: 15-20% TIC Pretested® Aragum® T-1998 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of gum Arabic and other gums See Acacia Uses: Emulsifier, thickener, stabilizer for beverages, bakery flavors, salad dressing 704

Part I: Trade Name Reference emulsions Features: Gum tragacanth replacement Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.4-1.5% TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic FCC/NF Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Film-former, starch replacer in bakery, dry mixes, meal replacers, tableting applics.; flavor carrier; encapsulant for high-quality flavors; flavoring agent Features: Good adhesion and water binding; superior white/bright color chars. in finished prods. Properties: Bright wh. freeflowing powd.; odorless; bland taste; 80% min. through USS #80 mesh; low visc. TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic NF/USP Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic USP See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Flavor carrier; sugar coating plasticizer; flavoring agent Features: Rec. for light colored applics. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic PreHydrated® [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Binder, flavor carrier, adhesive for foods, confections, soups; glazing agent for bakery glazes, pet food glazes; flavoring agent Features: Dust-free; rapid hydration Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Wh. coarse powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 3-30% TIC Pretested® Caragum 200 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: blend of deodorized guar gum and locust bean gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-30-0; 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8; 232-541-5 Uses: Visc. control agent, visc. booster, thickener for soups, sauces, gravies; replacement for locust bean gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. @ 180 F in water TIC Pretested® Caragum 300 2473 Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, emulsifier in sauces, baked goods Features: Low cost replacement for locust bean gum at 1:1 ratio Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. @ 165 F in water Use Level: 0.15-1.25% TIC Pretested® CMC 2500 S [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium carboxymethylcellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener for foods; controls texture and ice crystal growth in frozen dairy prods.; retains moisture in bakery and calorie applics.; synergistic with casein, other proteins Regulatory: FDA GRAS, FCC Properties: Off-wh. to tan free-flowing powd., odorless, bland flavor; 25% min. on 140 mesh, 65% max. through 140 mesh; sol. in cold or hot water; visc. 1400-2400 cps; pH 6.0-8.5; 99.5% min. purity, 8% max. moisture TIC Pretested® Colloid 451T Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Texturizer, oil and shortening replacement, moisture retention aid for lowfat muffins; water binder, ice crystal control agent in frozen dough; batter visc. control agent in dry cake mixes Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.15-0.2% (low-fat muffins), 0.2-0.3% (frozen doughs), 0.1-0.15% (dry cake mixes) TIC Pretested® Colloid 488T Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium alginate See Algin CAS 9005-38-3 Uses: Gellant, film-former, emulsifier, suspending agent for foods (dairy prods., extruded foods, beverages, salad dressings, dessert gels, sauces, frozen desserts, bakery prods.) Features: Reactive with milk, calcium ions Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; med. visc. Use Level: 0.2-1%; 0.3-0.5% (pie fillings) TIC Pretested® Colloid 515M-T Powder [TIC 705

Part I: Trade Name Reference Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Gellant for icings, glazes, fruit fillings; antitackifier, moisture binder, sugar crystallization control aid in icings Features: Forms strong, elastic gels without heat Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.5-0.7% (icings, glazes); 1-2% (fruit fillings) TIC Pretested® Colloid 517 T Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mixt. of kappa and lambda carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Suspending agent for cocoa, bodying agent in milk- and water-based powd. drinks, powd. cocoa drinks, chocolate syrup Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-0.4% TIC Pretested® Colloid 590 T Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Water loss control agent, flexibilizer for frozen tortillas, baked goods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 165 F Use Level: 0.075-0.1% TIC Pretested® Colloid 600 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Kappa-Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Emulsifier, binder, stabilizer, thickener for bakery gels Features: Needs to be heated to 170 F to hydrate Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 170 F Use Level: 0.87-1.25% TIC Pretested® Colloid 601 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Kappa-Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Visc. builder for nutritional prods., meal replacers, dairy, shakes, instant hot cocoa Features: Rec. for nutritional prods. sold to nursing homes where prod. must hold constant visc. for up to 4 h Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.35-0.65% TIC Pretested® Colloid 601-M Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Kappa-Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Visc. builder, suspending agent for dairy, meal replacers, shakes, instant hot cocoa Features: No K+ buffer Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.05-0.30% TIC Pretested® Colloid 602 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol alginate CAS 9005-37-2 Uses: Gellant, film-former, emulsifier, suspending agent for foods (dairy prods., extruded foods, beverages, salad dressings, dessert gels, sauces, frozen desserts, bakery prods.) Features: Reactive with milk Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.07-0.20% (finished drink wt.); 0.651.0% (alcoholic beverages) TIC Pretested® Colloid 614 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: For bakery, pie fillings, fresh and frozen pies Features: Freeze-thaw stable Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 165 F Use Level: 0.15-0.25% (with starch) TIC Pretested® Colloid 666-1 Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Visc. builder for cheese soups, sauces, gravies Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.25-0.75% TIC Pretested® Colloid 710 H Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Kappa-Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Uses: Gellant, thickener for puddings, baked goods; thickener for syrup, aloe gel Features: Synergistic with most starches; prevents 'weeping' in puddings 706

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.2-0.5% (alone), 0.1-0.15% (with starch) TIC Pretested® Colloid 720 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lambda-Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Suspending agent, mouthfeel enhancer for milk-based or milk-like beverages Features: Adds rich creaminess Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-0.8% TIC Pretested® Colloid 760 MB Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Suspending agent for chocolate milk, dairy prods. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.03-0.04% TIC Pretested® Colloid 775 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lambda-Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Thickener for cold milk, dairy, instant puddings, fruit and chocolate syrups, milk shakes, bakery prods., breadwash, refrigerated omelets Features: Reactive with milk proteins; develops visc. @ low usage levels, soft gels @ higher levels; gels with heat; provides creamy texture, clean full flavor release; synergistic with most starches Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: 35% max. on 200 mesh; sol. in cold water; visc. 450 cps min. (1%); pH 8-9.5; 12% max. moisture Use Level: 0.1-0.3% (milk shakes), 0.8-1.2% (instant pudding), 0.2% (heated milk); 0.10.4% (refrigerated omelets) TIC Pretested® Colloid 780 MB [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Viscosity builder, suspending agent, and stabilizer system for milk beverages such as chocolate milk Features: Provides a small amount of viscosity at very low levels Regulatory: Kosher Use Level: 0.02-0.30% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TIC Pretested® Colloid 787 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Water binder, processing aid which prevents syneresis, aids freeze/thaw props., adds sheen and gloss, prevents cracking in pie fillings; water binder, ice crystals control agent in frozen doughs Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.2-0.4% (pie fillings), 0.05-0.15% (frozen doughs) TIC Pretested® Colloid 787-TP Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Water binder for frozen pizza sauce preventing water from migrating into the dough Regulatory: Kosher Use Level: 0.15-0.25% TIC Pretested® Colloid 825 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Kappa-Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant, opacifier for meats, pet foods Features: Sl. higher levels of insol. matter; yields gels with some opacity Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.1-2.75% TIC Pretested® Colloid 881 M Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Iota-Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant for fruit spreads; suspending agent for solids in liq. systems; combined with starches, used as partial fat replacer in minced and emulsified meats Features: Reactive in water and milk systems; yields pliable gels with superior organoleptic props.; hydrates fully above 70 C Regulatory: FDA approved; kosher Properties: Lt. tan free-flowing powd., nearly odorless, bland flavor; 100% min. through 40 mesh; sol. in water @ 180 F; pH 6-8; 15% max. moisture Use Level: 0.8-1.2% TIC Pretested® Colloid 911 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Glazing agent, coating agent for frozen blueberries; prevents weeping in blueberry muffins, baked goods Features: Added to berries while being thawed, 707

Part I: Trade Name Reference absorbs water to form a glaze Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 1-1.25% TIC Pretested® Colloid 1004 T Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent for citrus pulp drinks; emulsifier for coconut cream; suspending agent for pineapple pulp Features: Heat stable @ low pH; all natural Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.15-0.3% TIC Pretested® Colloid 1023 T Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Water binder, ice crystal control agent in frozen doughs, flour and corn tortillas Features: Adds flexibility and strength Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-0.4% (frozen doughs) TIC Pretested® Colloid Bind I-96 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Binder in meats, soy burgers, vegetables, noodles, surimi, meat analogs Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.5-1.5% TIC Pretested® Colloid Fold 'N Flex Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Flexibilizer for baked goods, tortillas, pita breads, pizza dough Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 4 oz/100 lb flour TIC Pretested® Colloid Noodlizer Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Noodle and pasta improver; strengthener for fresh noodles Features: Inhibits fat absorption during frying Regulatory: Kosher Use Level: 0.1%-0.35% TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-3161-F Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Suppresses cold water visc., provides water gel str. and protein reactivity in meats (injection, marinade, emulsion) Features: Fine mesh prod. suitable for needle injection (will not clog) Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Use Level: 1-2% (in brine) TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Suppresses cold water visc., provides water gel str. and protein reactivity in meats, sausages, hot dogs, baloney, salami, pepperoni Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F TIC Pretested® Colloid Sticktic [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Adhesion promoter, film-former for adhesion of any food prod. (granola bars, spices, sesame seeds, etc.) Use Level: 5-10% (cracker adhesive) TIC Pretested® Colloid Supersmooth Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Suspending agent, bodying agent in nutritional meal replacers Properties: Clean taste Use Level: 0.1-0.4% TIC Pretested® Colloid Ultrasmooth Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Suspending agent, bodying agent in nutritional meal replacers, rice drinks, soybased drinks, functional foods Features: Less foaming than Colloid Supersmooth Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-0.4% TIC Pretested® Colloid Vegi-Film Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Edible film, coating for foods, baked goods, as glaze for chicken or other food subject to drying out Features: Elastic, pliable yet strong Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 1.5-2.5% TIC Pretested® Colloid XC-6515-1 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer for sugar syrup when packing cherries Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.3-0.75% TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 140-HD [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Emulsifier for dairy beverages Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F 708

Part I: Trade Name Reference Use Level: 2-3 lbs/100 gal TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 366-THK [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener for milk, cocoa beverages Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener, suspending agent, water binder for frozen foods, sauces, gravies, marinades Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 2004 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Emulsifier for ice creams Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.2-0.4% TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 17456 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Emulsifier for ice creams Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.1-0.35% TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 3540 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer for ice cream and novelties; chewy mouthfeel enhancer TIC Pretested® Dairyblend Organic IC [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Emulsifier for 100% org. ice creams Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.3-0.45% TIC Pretested® Dairyblend WT-P Stabilizer [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: blend of gums and insoluble fiber Uses: Foam stabilizer for full fat and fat free whipped toppings Features: At the prescribed loading levels, the viscosity increase is minimal and does not inhibit foam formation; insoluble solids component aids in the foam stabilization Use Level: 0.4-0.8% of final prod. TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/HV Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of tragacanth, guar, and xanthan gums See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Tragacanth Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Astragalus gummifer) gum; Xanthan gum Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier for salad dressings, and rice-based drinks Features: Replacement for propylene glycol alginate Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-1.5% TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of tragacanth, guar, and xanthan gums See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum; Xanthan gum Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier for foods Features: Replacement for propylene glycol alginate Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-1.5% TIC Pretested® Guarcel 201 Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum-based See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, mouthfeel enhancer in instant beverages, dry mixes, frozen pops Features: Rapid hydration Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.15-0.25% TIC Pretested® Guarcel 302 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum-based See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Thickener for dairy-based dry mix beverages, hot cocoa mix Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-0.4% TIC Pretested® Guarcel 402 Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum-based See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Thickener for dairy, frozen pops, sorbets, sherbets Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-0.4%

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Part I: Trade Name Reference TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, suspending agent for instant beverages/soup mixes/cocoa, sauces, marinades, gravies, bakery mixes Features: Fine mesh suitable for dry mixes where rapid hydration is required; high visc.; low microbial profile Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Fine powd.; bland taste; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-1.0% TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/28-D [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Visc. modifier for instant beverages, instant soup mixes, instant cocoa, sauces, marinades, gravies, bakery mixes Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® GuarNT 3500 F Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener for soups, sauces, marinades, gravies, hot cocoa mixes, dry mix applics. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Bland taste; sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® GuarNT Bland 200 HV Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener for soups, sauces, marinades, gravies, hot cocoa mixes, dry mix applics. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Bland taste; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-1.5% TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsifier for flavor emulsion concs., cloud emulsions and spray-dried cloud powds; foam stabilizer in beer; clarifier in wines; fat emulsifier, sugar crystallization retarder in confections; flavoring agent; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

whipping aid, stabilizer in aerated confections (with hydrolyzed soy protein); glazing agent, stabilizer, flexibilizer in bakery bun glazes Properties: Sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsifier for flavor emulsion concs., cloud emulsions and spray-dried cloud powds; foam stabilizer in beer; clarifier in wines; fat emulsifier, sugar crystallization retarder in confections; flavoring agent; whipping aid, stabilizer in aerated confections (with hydrolyzed soy protein); glazing agent, stabilizer, flexibilizer in bakery bun glazes Features: Easy dispersing, but takes longer to hydrate Properties: Gran.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 15-30% TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsifier for flavor emulsion concs., cloud emulsions and spray-dried cloud powds; foam stabilizer in beer; clarifier in wines; fat emulsifier, sugar crystallization retarder in confections; flavoring agent; whipping aid, stabilizer in aerated confections (with hydrolyzed soy protein); glazing agent, stabilizer, flexibilizer in bakery bun glazes Features: 1:1 replacement for A. senegal in beverage emulsions Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 12-22% TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsifier for flavor emulsion concs., cloud emulsions and spray-dried cloud powds; foam stabilizer in beer; clarifier in wines; fat emulsifier, sugar crystallization retarder in confections; flavoring agent; whipping aid, stabilizer in aerated confections (with hydrolyzed soy protein); glazing agent, stabilizer, flexibilizer in 710

Part I: Trade Name Reference bakery bun glazes Features: Prehydrated; dust-free; no lumps when dispersed; rapid hydration Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 12-22% TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsifier, binder for beverage emulsions; emulsifier for flavor emulsion concs., cloud emulsions and spray-dried cloud powds; foam stabilizer in beer; clarifier in wines; fat emulsifier, sugar crystallization retarder in confections; whipping aid, stabilizer in aerated confections (with hydrolyzed soy protein); glazing agent, stabilizer, flexibilizer in bakery bun glazes; flavoring agent Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Fine powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 5-30% TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Encapsulation carrier for flavor oils; carrier for spray-dried flavors; foam stabilizer in beer; clarifier in wines; fat emulsifier, sugar crystallization retarder in confections; whipping aid, stabilizer in aerated confections (with hydrolyzed soy protein); glazing agent, stabilizer, flexibilizer in bakery bun glazes; excipient in pharmaceutical tablets; flavoring agent Features: High in sol. dietary fiber Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 3-30% TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic FCC/NF See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsifier for beverage emulsions; encapsulation carrier for flavor oils; dietary fiber for dry mixes and meal replacers; carrier in spray-dried flavors; foam stabilizer in beer; clarifier in wines; flavoring agent; fat emulsifier, sugar crystallization retarder in confections; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

whipping aid, stabilizer in aerated confections (with hydrolyzed soy protein); glazing agent, stabilizer, flexibilizer in bakery bun glazes Features: High in sol. dietary fiber; low visc.; good adhesion and water binding chars.; said to be virtually noncaloric Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1330, GRAS; kosher Properties: Wh. to off-wh. spray-dried freeflowing powd., odorless, bland flavor; 80% min. through 80 mesh; sol. in cold water; visc. 300 cps max.; pH 4-5; 85% dietary fiber, 11% max. moisture Use Level: 3-30% TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Pre-Hydrated® [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Binder; carrier in spray-dried flavors; foam stabilizer in beer; clarifier in wines; formulation of cloud emulsions and spray-dried cloud powds.; sugar crystallization retarder and fat emulsifier in confections; flavoring agent; whipping aid, stabilizer for aerated confections (with hydrolyzed soy protein); glazing agent, stabilizer, flexibilizer for baked buns Features: Dust-free; rapid hydration; high in sol. dietary fiber (typically 85%) Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 3-30% TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic FCC See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsifier for flavor emulsion concs., cloud emulsions and spray-dried cloud powds; foam stabilizer in beer; clarifier in wines; fat emulsifier, sugar crystallization retarder in confections; flavoring agent; whipping aid, stabilizer in aerated confections (with hydrolyzed soy protein); glazing agent, stabilizer, flexibilizer in bakery bun glazes Features: Highest purity Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 5-30%

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Part I: Trade Name Reference TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry NF/USP Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic FCC/USP See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, emulsifier, flavoring agent Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Binder, film-former, sol. dietary fiber in nutritional bars, milk-based beverages, pet food; flavoring agent Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 3-30% TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic White 3871 Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Film-former, flavor carrier in confections, marshmallows, pharmaceutical tablets; flavoring agent Features: Produces highest whiteness powd. and sol'n. color Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 3-30% TIC Pretested® Gum Guar 8/22 NF/FCC Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum FCC/NF See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, moisture control agent in foods Features: Quick hydration; freeze/thaw and pH stable (4-9) Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Powd.; 4% max. on 100 mesh, 75% min. through 200 mesh; sol. in cold water; visc. 3000 cps min.; pH 4-7; 15% max. moisture Use Level: 0.125-0.2% (instant soup), 0.1250.25% (sauces, gravies, instant beverages), 0.25-0.35% (cake mixes), 0.1-0.4% (ice cream mixes), 0.3-0.45% (batters), 0.15-0.25% (fresh tortillas) TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland 200 HV Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener for soups, sauces, marinades, gravies, hot cocoa mixes, functional foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Fine powd.; reduced odor; bland taste; sol. in cold water; high visc. Use Level: 0.1-1.5% TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland Fine Mesh Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener for soups, sauces, marinades, gravies, hot cocoa mixes Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Fine powd.; reduced odor; bland taste; sol. in cold water; med. visc. Use Level: 0.1-1.5% TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, film-former, binder for foods (ice cream, dairy prods., instant soups, dressings, sauces, gravies, cakes, donuts, frozen foods, cheese, pet food) Features: High visc., milk reactivity Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 10002000 cP (2%) Use Level: 0.5-2.0% TIC Pretested® Gum Guar VLV Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener for functional foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; very low visc. Use Level: 1-3% TIC Pretested® Locust Bean Gum Clarified Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Gellant for foods, clear prods., pharmaceuticals Features: Precipitated with alcohol to remove 712

Part I: Trade Name Reference the protein; superior clarity alone and when used with other gums for gels; gelatin replacement Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 165 F Use Level: 0.15-0.75% TIC Pretested® Locust Bean Gum POR/A Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Visc. builder for cream cheese, dairy applics., functional foods; water binder in frozen dairy prods. and cream cheese Features: Needs heat to hydrate; freeze/thaw and pH stable (3.6-9) Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Powd.; 10% max. on 100 mesh; visc. 2700 cps min. (1%); pH 5-7; 15% max. moisture Use Level: 0.1-0.25% (cake mixes, dough), 0.10.3% (sauces), 0.1-0.4% (dairy stabilizer mix), 0.12-0.2% (fresh tortillas), 0.125-0.25% (pie fillings), 0.2-0.3% (cream cheese), 0.35-0.45% (fruit yogurt) TIC Pretested® No Fat Snack Dry Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Adhesive, binder for spices on snack foods Features: Low fat; replaces oil; requires sec. oven for final drying Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 5-12% TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Arabic Spray Dry Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer, dietary fiber in high fiber soups, gravies, sauces, functional foods; flavoring agent Features: Provides creamy texture without adding visc.; high in sol. dietary fiber (typically 85%) Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-5% TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Fiberplus Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Dietary fiber, adhesion promoter, filmformer for high fiber soups, bars, functional foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: High in sol. dietary fiber Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 1-2% TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Pre-Hydrated Arabic [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Mouthfeel enhancer, texturizer, dietary fiber in high fiber soups, gravies, sauces, functional foods Features: Provides creamy texture without adding visc.; high in sol. dietary fiber (typically 85%); dust-free; produces lump-free dispersions Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-5% TIC Pretested® Pectin 1300 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Viscosifier, mouthfeel enhancer for acidified beverages that contain ingredients such as milk or soy Features: Unstandardized high methoxyl pectin derived from citrus peels; can be used to create gels or films under the proper conditions, including percent solids, pH, temperature, and the presence of plasticizers Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Partially sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® Pectin 1694 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Visc. builder, mouthfeel enhancer for drinks, fruit juices, noncarbonated beverages, functional foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-0.6% TIC Pretested® Pectin AM 800 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Viscosifier, mouthfeel enhancer for acidified beverages that contain ingredients such as milk or soy Features: All natural Regulatory: Kosher Use Level: 0.1-0.5%

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Part I: Trade Name Reference TIC Pretested® Pectin HM Rapid Set Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for jams, jellies, bakery fillings Features: Rec. for jams that are kept in small jars (< 1 kg); helps avoid fruit flotation; requires pH 3.3-3.5 and 63-67% sugar solids Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS; kosher Properties: Ylsh. to tan free-flowing powd., nearly odorless, sl. sweet mucilaginous taste; 98% min. through 60 mesh; dissolves in water forming opalescent colloid sol'n.; pract. insol. in alcohol; visc. 25-100 cps (1%); pH 3-4.2; 12% max. moisture Use Level: 0.8-1.2% TIC Pretested® Pectin HM Slow Set Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for jams, jellies, preserves, bakery fillings Features: Rec. for jams mfg. in large containers (> 1 kg); requires pH 3.3-3.5 and 63-67% sugar solids Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS; kosher Properties: Ylsh. to tan free-flowing powd., nearly odorless, bland mucilaginous taste; 98% min. through 60 mesh; dissolves in water forming opalescent colloid sol'n.; pract. insol. in alcohol; visc. 25-100 cps (1%); pH 3-4; 12% max. moisture Use Level: 0.8-1.2% TIC Pretested® Pectin LM 32 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, low methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for foods, fruit gels, yogurt Features: Good at pH 2.8-6.5; sets @ 50-70 C; synergistic with locust bean gum Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; partial sol. in cold water, heat to 195 F for gels Use Level: 0.8-1.2% TIC Pretested® Pectin LM 35 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin, amidated low methoxyl CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Gellant for foods, fruit gels, yogurt, yogurt drinks Features: Best at pH 3.2-3.6; sets @ 40-70 C; synergistic with locust bean gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Kosher Use Level: 0.8-1.2% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener, suspending agent for foods, salad dressings, relishes, sauces, gravies, soups, industrial applics. Features: Dust-free; produces lump-free disps. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.25-0.50% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Gellant, film-former, emulsifier, suspending agent for beverages (hot chocolate, instant drinks, alcohol stable drinks), salad dressings Features: Less dust; virtually no lumping; more uniform hydration Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.07-1.0% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener, texturizer, emulsion stabilizer, freeze/thaw stabilizer, suspending agent for gravies, sauces, marinades; suspending agent in other applics. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-0.5% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum XPGA/LV Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of tragacanth, guar, and xanthan gums See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum; Xanthan gum Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier for foods, salad dressings, beverages, cream-based beverages, citrus pulp suspension Features: Replacement for propylene glycol alginate; dust-free; lump-free for easier disp. and faster hydration Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-1.5% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar 714

Part I: Trade Name Reference (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, suspending agent for soups, sauces, marinades, gravies, hot cocoa mixes Features: Highest visc.; prehydrated Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; bland taste; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-1.0% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Chem. Analysis: 15% max. moisture CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, visc. builder for foods and beverages incl. frozen foods, bakery fillings, salad dressings, and nutraceutical beverages Features: Prehydrated for ease in use; reduced odor; no mealy taste or off-odor; med. visc. Properties: Tan free-flowing powd.; nearly odorless; bland flavor; 5% max. on USS #40 mesh; visc. 1500 cps min.; pH 3-7 TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Carrier for spray-dried flavors; foam stabilizer in beer; clarifier in wines; anticrystallization agent for sugar and fat emulsifier in confections; whipping agent, stabilizer for aerated confections; flavoring agent; stabilizer, flexibilizer in bakery glazes Features: Dust-free; rapid hydration; high in sol. dietary fiber Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 3-30% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsifier for flavor emulsion concs., cloud emulsions and spray-dried cloud powds; foam stabilizer in beer; clarifier in wines; fat emulsifier, sugar crystallization retarder in confections; flavoring agent; whipping aid, stabilizer in aerated confections (with hydrolyzed soy protein); Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

glazing agent, stabilizer, flexibilizer in bakery bun glazes Features: Less dust; ready for oil addition after only 45 min Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 5-30% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Locust Bean Gum Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Gellant for foods, dairy applics., cream cheese Features: Prehydrated; nonlumping; used at 1:1 replacement of powd. locust bean gum Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 165 F Use Level: 0.15-0.75% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Pectin 1694 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 Uses: Visc. builder, mouthfeel enhancer for drinks, fruit juices, noncarbonated beverages, functional foods Features: Prehydrated for ease of disp.; virtually lump-free; no nuisance dust during handling Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-0.2% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Blend of natural gums Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier, visc. builder for salad dressings, sauces, marinades, gravies, relishes, soups Features: Prehydrated for ease of disp.; less nuisance dust when handled; replacement for xanthan and xanthan/alginate blends; heat stable, freeze/thaw stable; pH stable (3.2-9); hydrates slowly Properties: Dust-free powd.; 90% min on 140 mesh; sol. in cold water; visc. 3500-5000 cps; pH 6-7; 15% max. moisture Use Level: 0.25-0.45% (pourable dressings), 0.45-0.55% (spoonable dressings), 0.25-0.3% (relishes), 0.3-0.4% (fresh salad), 0.25-0.4% (barbecue sauce), 0.25-0.35% (mustard) TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250ST Powder [TIC Gums 715

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Emulsion stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer, suspending agent for salad dressing emulsions, hot sauce, relishes, sauces, gravies, Asian marinades/sauces Features: Replacement for xanthan and xanthan/alginate blends; specially formulated for high salt applics. or premix conditions Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.125-0.6% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer 8444 ST [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer, suspending agent for highsalt liq. flavor enhancers, relishes, hot sauce, soy sauce, wing sauce Features: More salt-tolerant; suitable for R.T. and refrigerated storage conditions Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.3-0.4% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer XC8444 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer, suspending agent for particulates in liq. egg prods., sauces, drinks Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.05-0.15% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaloid® 210 S Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: blend of natural gums Uses: Binder, emulsifier for confections, low/no fat foods Features: 1:1 replacement for tragacanth; very creamy flow chars. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.5-2.0% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 15 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Freeze/thaw stabilizer for foods, dairy, frozen foods, baked goods Features: No added visc. to finished prod.; compat. with wide range of food ingreds., e.g., proteins, sugars, and hydrocolloids; stable @ pH 4-10 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Odorless; tasteless; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-1.5% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for dairy, noncarbonated beverages, alcoholic beverages, frozen pops Features: Economical; rec. where clarity is not important; compat. with wide range of food ingreds., e.g., proteins, sugars, other hydrocolloids; stable @ pH 4-10 Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-0.8% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 X Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for dairy, noncarbonated beverages, alcoholic beverages, frozen pops, cosmetics (liq. makeup) Features: Economical; rec. where clarity is not important; compat. with wide range of food ingreds., e.g., proteins, sugars, other hydrocolloids; stable @ pH 4-10 Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-0.8% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for syrups, dairy, noncarbonated beverages, frozen pops Features: High visc.; smooth rheology; very clear in sol'n.; nondusting; compat. with wide range of food ingreds., e.g., proteins, sugars, other hydrocolloids; stable @ pH 4-10 Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; odorless; tasteless; sol. in 716

Part I: Trade Name Reference cold water Use Level: 0.075-0.6% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC PH-2500 Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum USP/FCC See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for foods; fat/oil barrier in batters; texturizer and ice crystal control agent in frozen prods.; moisture retention aid in bakery prods. Features: Prehydrated; synergistic with casein, most proteins; stable over pH 4-10 Properties: Dust-free powd., odorless, tasteless; 60% min. on 100 mesh; sol. in hot or cold water; visc. 1500-2500 cps (1%); pH 6.0-8.5; 99.5% min. purity Use Level: 0.1-0.2% (ice cream/soft serve mixes, donut mixes), 0.25-0.4% (variegated syrup, pet food gravy), 0.125-0.2% (cake mixes), 0.075-0.175% (fresh tortilla) TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for salad dressings, cream sauces, gravies, lowcalorie/low-fat prods. Features: Prehydrated for easy disp.; smooth rheology Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.05-0.35% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for clear syrups, relishes Features: Developed where clear sol'n. color is important Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.01-0.6% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, suspending agent, water binder in instant beverages mixes, relishes, hot sauce, Asian sauces, high salt applics. Features: Salt-tolerant Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.01-0.6% TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, visc. builder for dressings, emulsions, cake mixes, fruit juices, frozen sauces Features: Prehydrated for superior disp. (lumpfree) and faster hydration; not for use in conjunction with cellulose gum or guar gum; pH stable Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Dust-free; 60% min on 100 mesh; sol. in cold water; visc. 1000 cps min.; pH 6-7; 15% max. moisture Use Level: 0.2-0.35% (dressings), 0.3-0.5% (emulsions), 0.25-0.35% (cake mixes), 0.070.15% (fruit juices), 0.25-0.3% (frozen sauces) TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 210 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Emulsion stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer, suspending agent for icings, glazes, confections Features: Gum tragacanth replacement Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.5-2.0% TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 228 M Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum system Uses: Texturizer, emulsion stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer, suspending agent providing creamy texture and exceptional cling in pourable salad dressings Features: Alternative to xanthan/alginate blends; sensitive to salt which lowers visc. and delays hydration; tolerates vinegar Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.25-0.5% TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 243 M Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Emulsion stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer, suspending agent for salad 717

Part I: Trade Name Reference dressing emulsions, low oil mayonnaise Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.5-2.5% TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum system with emulsifiers Uses: Emulsifier, visc. builder, emulsion stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer, suspending agent, polysorbate replacement for salad dressings, marinades, gravies, relishes, soups Features: Produces dressings which are creamier and lighter in color Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-0.5% TIC Pretested® Stabilizer 64 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer, anticrystallization agent for water ices, sorbet Features: Cost effective; aids smooth melt down Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.3-0.5% TIC Pretested® Stabilizer 424 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer for cheese sauce, cream cheese, cheesecake, quiche Features: Locust bean gum replacement (1:1 replacement in most applics.) Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 165 F Use Level: 0.15-0.75% TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Double D Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer, water binder for ice cream Features: Good melt down chars.; freeze/thaw stable; produces creamy, not gummy, texture Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.2-0.5% TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Foam Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Foam stabilizer for fondants, marshmallow toppings, whipped cream, meringue and similar products Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Cold water sol. Use Level: 0.1-0.6% TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Ice 101-A Powder [TIC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer for water ices, sherbets, fruit drinks Features: Highest quality Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.2-0.3% TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Ice-200 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Stabilizer for water ices, sherbets, liq. pops (to be frozen by consumer) Features: Exc. dispersion Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-0.4% TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Ice-Pop Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer for ice pops Features: Provides cool taste, good melting props.; holds flavor from being 'sucked out' prematurely Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.15-0.45% TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Soft Serve Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer for ice cream, esp. packaged dry mix which is reconstituted at the ice cream store (soft serve) Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.25-0.65% TIC Pretested® Stabilizer WT Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer for whipped cream, imitation whipped cream, low-fat whipped toppings Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.25-0.40% TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC-424 Heavy Duty [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer, water binder for cream cheese, dairy, cheese cake, quiche Features: Heavy duty for industrial cream cheese which must tolerate a lot of abuse Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.15-0.30% 718

Part I: Trade Name Reference TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC-1692 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Stabilizer for ice cream, dairy Features: 10-12% fat Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.25-0.35% TIC Pretested® Taragel® Konjac High Viscosity [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener, gelling agent Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F TIC Pretested® Tara Gum 100 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener for dairy prods., soups, sauces Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F TIC Pretested® TICA-algin 1500 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener for fruit filled snack bars, pie fillings requiring heat-stability; useful for jelly doughnut fillings, batters and breadings, bakery creams and icings, desserts such as mousse Properties: Sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 450-PCS Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Antiflocculant, stabilizer for protein in soup concentrate; emulsifier for cocoa and cream containing beverages Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.05%-0.1% TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 550-PT Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 Uses: Gellant for foods Features: Forms rigid gel @ 1.5% gum level when heated to 180 F and cooled to ambient temps.; resultant gel is heat reversible and relatively stable with minimal syneresis during prolonged storage Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 1.25-1.75% TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 795 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Gellant, binder, film-former for confectionery coatings, bakery glazes/icings; gelatin replacement in vegetarian foods Features: Yields soft, flexible gel that forms a stable film after drying; compat. with polyols and other bulking agents Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.1-2.0% TIC Pretested® Ticagel® AF-1408 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener for pet food gelling applics. Features: All natural Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Partially sol. in cold water, for gels heat to 180 F TIC Pretested® Ticagel® Algin-CAM Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Gellant for bakery, puddings Features: Provides good clean set Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.8-1.2% TIC Pretested® Ticagel® ME 100 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: natural hydrocolloid extracted from red seaweed Uses: Gellant, binder, and yield increaser for processed meats Features: Stable in neutral and alkaline pH; degrades in acidic conditions Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.3-0.75% TIC Pretested® Ticagel® PG-730 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Gellant, suspending agent, bodying agent for beverages, mango, fruit juices Features: Pectin replacement Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; bland taste; patial sol. in cold water, heat to 195 F for gels Use Level: 0.4-0.6% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-B No Fat Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Texturizer, oil and shortening 719

Part I: Trade Name Reference replacement, moisture retention aid for lowfat muffins; antitackifier, moisture binder, sugar crystal control agent in icings; cracker adhesive Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 1-2% (low-fat muffins), 2-4% (icings), 2-4% (cracker adhesive), 1-2% (bakery glazes) TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-DP No Fat Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Additive for low-fat dairy prods., sour cream, low-fat frozen desserts Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 1.5-2.0% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-DY No Fat Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Mouthfeel enhancer, anticrystallization agent for low-fat dairy yogurt, ice cream, frozen desserts Features: Improves meltdown props. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.6-1.0% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S1 No Fat Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrocolloid blend with emulsifiers and thickeners (tragacanth, gum Arabic, xanthan) See Acacia; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum; Xanthan gum Uses: Thickener, oil replacement, mouthfeel enhancer for clear, fat-free salad dressings Features: Provides mouthfeel of oil Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 18003200 cps; pH 4.5-6.5; 85% dietary fiber, 11% max. moisture Use Level: 1.25-1.5% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S2 No Fat Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrocolloid blend with emulsifiers and thickeners (tragacanth, gum Arabic, starch, xanthan) See Acacia; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum; Xanthan gum Uses: Thickener, oil replacement, mouthfeel enhancer for creamy fat-free salad dressings Features: Provides mouthfeel of oil Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; visc. 18003200 cps; pH 4.5-6.5; 85% dietary fiber, 11% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

max. moisture Use Level: 0.7-1.1% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S-96 No Fat Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Fat replacement, stabilizer for no-fat and low-fat salad dressings Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 2.25-2.75% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, fat mimetic for mayonnaise, salad dressings, sauces, low-fat and no-fat prods. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 9-13% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 412 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener for sauces Features: Economical; rec. for use @ pH 3.5-7.0 Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-0.35% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 431 M Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Additive for zero-, reduced- or low-sugar jellies Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 212 F for 5 min Use Level: 1-2% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 472 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Additive for fresh salads Features: Propylene oxide-treated Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 508 M Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Additive for frozen pops, water ices, sherbets Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.2-0.4% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 875 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener for milk prods. such as protein shake, protein drink, pudding, and sour cream; synergist in starch making Features: All natural; interacts with milk and soy protein 720

Part I: Trade Name Reference Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Cold-water sol. TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 1019 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Suspending agent for pineapple pulp and emulsifier for coconut fat in fruit beverages Features: Acid-stable Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in water @ 180 F Use Level: 0.3-0.4% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 1070 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Gellant for jellies, jams, esp. no-sugar jellies Features: Forms clear, flexible gels with no weeping Use Level: 1-2% TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Lite Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Gellant for foods; moisture retention aid, antistaling aid, oil pickup reducer in doughnuts; moisture retention aid, pan release agent for cakes, high fiber breads, bagels Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.25-1 lb/100 lb flour TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Tica-thick [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.1-0.75% TIC Pretested® Ticalose® 602 Standard Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Freeze/thaw stabilizer for frozen foods Features: Med. visc.; narrow visc. range Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water; visc. 400-800 cps Use Level: 0.1-1.25% TIC Pretested® Ticalose® 700 Standard Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Uses: Additive for frozen foods Features: Freeze/thaw stable Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; med. visc. Use Level: 0.1-1.25% TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, moisture retention aid, filmformer for foods, carbonated beverages (gas entrapment), fruit drinks (mouthfeel enhancement); binder, lubricant in vitamins; ice crystallization control agent in icings Features: Low-visc. grade; rec. where high solids levels, encapsulation, or film-forming are desirable; stable @ pH 4-10 Properties: Fine particle size (120 mesh); odorless; tasteless; visc. 10-15 cps (1%), 2550 cps (2%); anionic Use Level: 0.05-0.5% (icings), 0.1-1% (syrup), 0.1-0.3% (dry beverage mix), 0.05-0.1% (animal feed pellets) TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, suspending agent, stabilizer, visc. builder, ice crystal control aid, mouthfeel enhancer for foods, ice cream, sorbets, fried foods (controls fat absorp.), cake mixes (retains moisture), meringues (prevents syneresis), pizza/frozen dough (improves dry str.), bar mixes, breakfast drinks, instant gravies/sauces Features: High-visc.; stable @ pH 4-10 Properties: Std. particle size (80 mesh); odorless; tasteless; visc. 1500-2500 cps (1%); anionic Use Level: 0.1-0.7 (variegated syrup), 0.1-0.4% (batter for deep frying), 0.03-0.5% (instant hot cereals), 0.1-0.3% (cake mixes), 0.1-0.5% (soft serve desserts), 0.1-0.3% (reduced-calorie spreads), 0.1-0.4% (tortillas) TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Fine Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Additive for syrups, dairy, dry mixes, instant beverage mixes Features: Compat. with wide range of food ingreds., e.g., proteins, sugars, other hydrocolloids; stable @ pH 4-10 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; visc. 400-5500 cps Use Level: 0.075-0.6% 721

Part I: Trade Name Reference TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15000 Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gum See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. builder for dairy, noncarbonated beverages, alcoholic beverages, sugar-free frozen pops, cosmetics (liq. makeup) Features: Exhibits very high visc. at low concs.; very low usage levels required; produces clear sol'ns. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.075-0.6% TIC Pretested® Ticamulsion® A-2010 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: gum arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Emulsifier in both weighted and unweighted beverage emulsions and other flavor applics. Features: Superior emulsion stability over both modified food starch and traditional gum arabic; non-GMO; can be used at just half the level of other emulsifiers Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FEMA; kosher Properties: Cold water sol. TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® CM-Xanthan Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for sauces, salad dressings, bakery, dairy Features: Reduced nuisance dust Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Coarse powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.05-0.35% TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan 200 FCC/USP/NF Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, processing aid for foods Features: Features pseudoplasticity, heat and pH stability, high visc., good sol. Regulatory: FDA approved Properties: Cream-colored free-flowing powd., nearly odorless, typ. bland flavor; 95% min. through 200 mesh, 70% min. through 270 mesh; sol. in cold water; visc. 1000 cps; pH 6.5-7.5; 15% max. moisture Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, suspending agent in clear syrups, relishes Features: Rec. for applics. requiring clear sol'ns. and pH stability Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.01-0.6% TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Salt Tolerant Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for high-salt foods, instant beverage mixes, relishes, hot sauce Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.05-0.35% TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth 200 [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for salad dressings, hot sauces, gravies, BBQ sauces Features: Special grade of xanthan produced to create a smooth rheological profile; hydrates faster in finished applics. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.05-0.75% TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer for salad dressings, cream sauces, gravies, low calorie/low fat prods. Features: Smooth rheology Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.05-0.35% TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: Gum Arabic See Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Uses: Binder, thickener, film-former in org. foods, flavors, confections, functional foods; flavoring agent 722

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Certified organic; replaces maltodextrin and modified food starch in spraydried flavors, flavor emulsions, confections; replaces corn syrup and high fructose corn syrup as binder, viscosifier Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water Use Level: 0.5-30% TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Guar Gum 3500 F Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Thickener for dairy prods., sauces, marinades, salads, meats, baked goods, canned foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Sol. in cold water TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Locust Bean Gum Powder [TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com] Chem. Descrip.: locust bean gum See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Uses: Thickener for gravies, sauces, dairy prods. Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Disp. in cold water Tilol GCT-R [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate Uses: Food lubricant Properties: Nonionic Tilol GP-O [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7 Uses: Lubricant for foods Properties: Nonionic Timeflex [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Proteolytic enzyme derived from Bacillus subtilis with cereal derivs. and other edible excipients Uses: Bacterial enzyme tablet, fermentation accelerator, quality improver for crackers, cookies, and pizza prod. Features: Provides reduction in mixing Properties: Tablet; readily disintegrates in R.T. water Tinamul® [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Monodiglyceride based on edible fats See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier, oil separation preventer in hazelnut and almond pastes, and for prep. of bakery goods, margarine, ice cream, release agents, sausages, mayonnaise, toffees, snacks Properties: Powd.; m.p. 60 C; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 160-170; nonionic; 45% monoglycerides TIstar A [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Uses: Thickener for canned pie fillings, soups and gravies, noodles and glazes Features: Superb water-holding ability; physiologically inert; wide compatibility with other anionic, nonionic thickening agents TIstar C [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca starch Uses: Thickener for baby foods, puddings, cream fillings, vegetable/fruit purees Features: Superb water-holding ability; physiologically inert; wide compatibility with other anionic, nonionic thickening agents TIstar D [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca starch Uses: Thickener for canned low-pH pie fillings, sauces, soups and gravies, refrigerated and frozen foods Features: Superb water-holding ability; physiologically inert; wide compatibility with other anionic, nonionic thickening agents TIstar Dextrin D-400 [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca starch Uses: Thickener for spray-drying flavors, crisp-coating fries Features: Superb water-holding ability; physiologically inert; wide compatibility with other anionic, nonionic thickening agents TIstar Native Tapioca [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca starch Uses: Thickener for extruded snacks, all natural foods, cookies, cones Features: Superb water-holding ability; physiologically inert; wide compatibility with other anionic, nonionic thickening agents 723

Part I: Trade Name Reference TIstar P [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca starch Uses: Thickener for chilled desserts, dairy prods., microwave prods. Features: Superb water-holding ability; physiologically inert; wide compatibility with other anionic, nonionic thickening agents TIstar Pearls [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca starch Uses: Thickener for puddings, souffles, specialties Features: Superb water-holding ability; physiologically inert; wide compatibility with other anionic, nonionic thickening agents TIstar Pregelled Tapioca [Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Tapioca starch Uses: Thickener for breading, tableting, instant cold thickening T-Maz® 20 [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 20 CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent, stabilizer, dispersant, visc. modifier, suspending agent for foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Yel. liq.; sol. in water, ethanol, acetone, toluene, veg. oil, propylene glycol; sp.gr. 1.1; visc. 400 cps; HLB 16.7; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 40-50; hyd. no. 96-108; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic; 97% act. T-Maz® 28 [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: PEG-80 sorbitan laurate CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Emulsifier/solubilizer of essential oils, wetting agent, visc. modifier, stabilizer, dispersant in foods Properties: Pale yel. liq.; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; visc. 1100 cps; HLB 19.2; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 5-15; hyd. no. 25-40; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; 30% max. water T-Maz® 60K [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Emulsifier for foods, whipped toppings, shortenings, cake icings/fillings, confectionery coatings, dressings; dough conditioner for bakery goods; protective coatings on raw fruits/vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.836, 173.340, 573.840; kosher Properties: Yel. to amber cl. gel, bland odor; sol. in water, ethanol, min. spirits, toluene; disp. in propylene glycol; sp.gr. 1.08; m.p. 23-25 C; b.p. > 300 F; HLB 14.9; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 81-96; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.4% (whipped toppings, coffee whiteners), 1% (shortening), 4.5% (nonalcoholic mixes), 0.5% (confectionery coatings), 0.5% (dough conditioner, gelatin desserts), 0.5-4.5% (colors), GMP (syn. flavor, defoamer) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 64 g/kg; nonirritating Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F T-Maz® 65K [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 65 CAS 9005-71-4 Uses: Emulsifier for frozen desserts, whipped toppings, cake icings and fillings, coffee whiteners; defoamer in food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.838, 173.340; kosher Properties: Tan waxy paste, char. ester odor; sol. @ 2% in ethanol, veg. oil, disp. in water, insol. in min. oil, propylene glycol; m.p. 30-32 C; b.p. > 300 F; HLB 10.5; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 88-98; hyd. no. 44-60; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.1% (ice cream), 0.32% (cakes, icings, fillings), 0.4% (whipped toppings, coffee whiteners), GMP (defoamer) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 39.8 g/kg; nonirritating, nonsensitizing Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F T-Maz® 80 [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent, 724

Part I: Trade Name Reference stabilizer, dispersant, visc. modifier, suspending agent for foods Properties: Yel. liq.; sol. in water, ethanol, veg. oil, toluol; sp.gr. 1.0; visc. 400 cps; HLB 15.0; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 65-80; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic; 97% min. act. T-Maz® 80K [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Solubilizer, emulsifier for foods, vitamins, edible oils, ice cream, shortenings, pickles, whipped toppings, gelatin desserts; defoamer in cottage cheese, yeast; crystal modifier in NaCl Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.840, 173.340, 573.860; kosher Properties: Yel. cl. liq., bland odor; sol. in water, ethanol, veg. oil; disp. in propylene glycol, toluene; sp.gr. 1.09; b.p. > 300 F; HLB 15.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 6580; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.05% (pickle prods.), 0.1% (ice cream), 1% (shortenings), 4% (yeast defoamers), 175-475 mg/day (vitamins), 360 mg/day (dietary prods.), 80 ppm (defoamer in cottage cheese), 50 ppm (BBQ sauce colors) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 30 ml/kg (mild); nonirritating, noncomedogenic Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F T-Maz® 80KLM [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80, low melt pt. CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent, stabilizer, dispersant, visc. modifier, suspending agent for foods Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Gardner 5 liq.; sol. @ 5% in water, veg. oil, @ 2% in ethanol; disp. in toluene, propylene glycol; HLB 15.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 65-80; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F T-Maz® 81 [BASF/Perf. Chems. http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008.htm l] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 81 CAS 9005-65-6 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent, stabilizer, dispersant, visc. modifier, suspending agent for foods Properties: Gardner 6 liq.; sol. in min. spirits; disp. in water, min. oils, toluene, veg. oils; HLB 10.0; sapon. no. 96-104; hyd. no. 134-150; flash pt. (PMCC) > 350 F; nonionic; 100% conc. TO-10V [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant for foods Features: Hydrophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Yel. liq.; water-sol.; HLB 15.0; nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed Tocomix L50 IP [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: D-mixed tocopherols in sunflower oil as carrier See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; d-δTocopherol CAS 119-13-1; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232273-9 Uses: Antioxidant used in biscuits, grains, cereals, nuts, cured meat and sausage, dehydrated potato flakes, mayonnaise, dressings, margarine, veg. oils, animal fats, and frying oils Properties: Liq. Tocomix L70 IP [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: D-mixed tocopherols in sunflower oil as carrier See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; d-δTocopherol CAS 119-13-1; 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232273-9 Uses: Antioxidant used in biscuits, grains, cereals, nuts, cured meat and sausage, dehydrated potato flakes, mayonnaise, dressings, margarine, veg. oils, animal fats, and frying oils Properties: Liq. Tocomix P30 IP [Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sray-dried D-mixed tocopherols on a starch carrier See d-δ725

Part I: Trade Name Reference Tocopherol CAS 119-13-1 Uses: Antioxidant used in biscuits, grains, cereals, nuts, cured meat and sausage, dehydrated potato flakes, mayonnaise, dressings, margarine, veg. oils, animal fats, and frying oils Properties: Powd. Toffix® P [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Palm kernel oil triglyceride See Palm oil triglycerides Uses: Fat containing an emulsifier for the prod. of soft caramels, toffees, and chewing sweets Properties: Block; m.p. 36-38 C; acid no. 0.3 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 235-255 Tomato Key - 1, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor for sauces, soups, dressings, paste, catsup Features: Natural Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. liq.; vine-ripened toamto taste; sol. in water, oil, alcohol, PG Use Level: 0.005% Tomato Key - 2, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor for sauces, soups, dressings, paste, catsup Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Cl. liq.; vine-ripened toamto taste; sol. in water, oil, alcohol, PG Use Level: 0.005% Tomato Oil 010 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Propylene glycol (> 50 %), Dimethyl sulfide (1-10%) CAS 57-55-6; 75-18-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200309-2; 200-846-2 UN 1993 Uses: Flavor for food Regulatory: SARA §311/312 listed; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Philippines PICCS; China SEPA/CICS Properties: Nearly colorless liq.; strong tomato odor; sol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 1.024; b.p. 187 C; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flash pt. (TCC) 22 C Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong acids, bases and materials that react with glycols and sulfides Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx, acrid fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 1 Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep container tightly closed; avoid prolonged exposure to air Tomat-O-Red® 8% [LycoRed Israel http://www.lycored.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lycopene and other antioxidant phytonutrients natural to tomatoes CAS 502-65-8; EINECS/ELINCS 207-949-1 Uses: Antioxidant and colorant for foods such as beverages, powdered beverages, dairy foods, surimi, confectionery, bakery prods., breakfast cereals, nutritional bars, soups, meal replacements, sauces, salsa, pastas, chips and snacks, dips and spreads Features: Nat. food ingred.; used most effectively to color foods after it is emulsified or solubilized to form a transparent microemulsion or an opaque emulsion Regulatory: USP/NF, GRAS, E 160d, kosher Properties: Liq.; instantly dissolves in water; 8% lycopene Storage: 2 yr. shelf-life; store in original sealed container at 4 C Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD [LycoRed Israel http://www.lycored.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lycopene CAS 502-65-8; EINECS/ELINCS 207-949-1 Uses: Antioxidant and colorant for foods such as beverages, powdered beverages, dairy foods, surimi, confectionery, bakery prods., breakfast cereals, nutritional bars, soups, meal replacements, sauces, salsa, pastas, chips and snacks, dips and spreads Features: Nat. food ingred.; high conc. of lycopene Regulatory: USP/NF, GRAS, E 160d, kosher Properties: Free-flowing powd.; cold water sol.; 100,000 ppm lycopene Storage: 2 yr. shelf-life; store in original sealed container at 4 C

726

Part I: Trade Name Reference Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG [LycoRed Israel http://www.lycored.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lycopene in glycerol See Glycerin CAS 502-65-8; 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 207949-1; 200-289-5 Uses: Antioxidant and colorant for foods such as beverages, powdered beverages, dairy foods, surimi, confectionery, bakery prods., breakfast cereals, nutritional bars, soups, meal replacements, sauces, salsa, pastas, chips and snacks, dips and spreads Features: Nat. food ingred.; high conc. of lycopene Regulatory: USP/NF, GRAS, E 160d, kosher Properties: Liq.; instantly dissolves in water; 20,000 ppm lycopene Storage: 2 yr. shelf-life; store in original sealed container at 4 C Tonsil® Optimum 210 FF [Süd-Chemie AG http://www.sud-chemie.com] Chem. Analysis: ≈ 10% free moisture, 66.8% SiO2; 14.2% Al2O3; 1.1% CaO; 3.7% Fe2O3; 2.3% MgO; K2O (2.2%) Uses: Bleaching agent and absorption agent for the refinement of eidble oils and fats Features: Exc. filtration performance Properties: Fine, yelsh. grey powd.; particle size 5% > 150 μ, 60% > 25 μ; bulk dens. 550 g/l; surf. area 200 m2/g; pH 2.2-4.8 (10% suspension) Topcithin® [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soya lecithin, highly purified, with bacteriological and analytical controls CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, flow aid, shelf life extender for foods (infant formulas, powdered mixes, milk prods., chocolate) Features: Low microbiological and heavy metal content; improves physical appearance Properties: Liq.; nonionic; 100% conc. Topcithin® AF-1 Type DB [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin, natural, double bleached CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400, GRAS Properties: Gardner 12 max. translucent to opaque liq.; visc. 10,000 cps; acid no. 32 max.; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

amphoteric; 100% conc. Topcithin® SB [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin, single bleached CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: GRAS, FDA 21CFR §184.1400 Properties: Gardner 14 max. translucent to opaque liq.; visc. 10,000 cps; acid no. 32 max.; 1% max. moisture Topcitihin® UB [Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin, unbleached CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: GRAS, FDA 21CFR §184.1400 Properties: Gardner 16 max. translucent to opaque liq.; visc. 10,000 cps; acid no. 32 max.; 1% max. moisture Top Mate Kosher [Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com] Chem. Descrip.: Mono-diglycerides and ethoxylated mono-diglycerides See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, bakery mixes, bread, buns, and sweet goods Properties: Cream powd.; 56% min. mono Trachea Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC [Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tragacanth gum See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 Uses: Thickener, water binder, suspending agent, emulsifier for salad dressings, bakery, flavor emulsions, fruit fillings, cream fillings, citrus beverages, barbecue and steak sauces Properties: Water-sol. Trans-5 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polydimethylsiloxane emulsion See Silicone emulsion 727

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Antifoam for aq. systems, foods; direct food additive in most foods; processing aid and sec. direct food additive Features: Food-grade; does not impart flavor, odor, or functional attributes to food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340 compliant Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.34 lb/gal; nonionic; 5% silicone Use Level: 200 ppm max. Trans-5 A [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acidified silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade; formaldehyde-free Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.34 lb/gal; 5% silicone Use Level: 200 ppm max. Trans-5 K [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.34 lb/gal; 5% silicone Use Level: 200 ppm max. Trans-5 PK [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher for Passover certified Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.34 lb/gal; 5% silicone Use Level: 200 ppm max. Trans-10 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for aq. systems incl. food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340 Properties: Wh. milky liq.; mild odor; disp. in water; sp.gr. 0.97-1.00; dens. 8.09-8.34 lb/gal; visc. 4220-4880 cps (73 F); b.p. 212 F; flash pt. none to 212 F; pH 7.9-8.2 (as is); nonionic; 10% act. Toxicology: May cause sl. eye and skin irritation; minimal effect by ingestion Hazardous Ingredients: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

F; keep from freezing Trans-10 A [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acidified silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade; formaldehyde-free Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.34 lb/gal; 10% silicone Use Level: 100 ppm max. Trans-10 K [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.34 lb/gal; 10% act. Use Level: 100 ppm max. Trans-10 M [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Thinner visc. than Trans-10 Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.34 lb/gal; 10% act. Use Level: 100 ppm max. Trans-10 PK [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher for Passover certified Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.37 lb/gal; 10% act. Use Level: 100 ppm max. Trans-20 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for aq. systems incl. food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340 Properties: Wh. milky liq.; mild odor; water-disp.; sp.gr. 0.98-1.01; dens. 8.17-8.42 lb/gal; b.p. 212 F; flash pt. none to 212 F; pH 7.0-7.3 (5% aq. disp.); nonionic; 20% act. Toxicology: May cause sl. eye and skin irritation; minimal effect by ingestion Hazardous Ingredients: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 728

Part I: Trade Name Reference F; keep from freezing Trans-20 A [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acidified silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade; formaldehyde-free Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.36 lb/gal; 20% silicone Use Level: 50 ppm max. Trans-20 K [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acidified silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade; formaldehyde-free Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.35 lb/gal; 20% act. Use Level: 50 ppm max. Trans-20 PK [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher for Passover certified Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.37 lb/gal; 20% act. Use Level: 50 ppm max. Trans-30 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for aq. systems incl. food processing Properties: Wh. milky liq.; mild odor; water-disp.; sp.gr. 0.98-1.01; dens. 8.17-8.42 lb/gal; b.p. 212 F; flash pt. none to 212 F; pH 7.0-7.3 (5% aq. disp.); 30% act. Toxicology: May cause sl. eye and skin irritation; minimal effects by ingestion Hazardous Ingredients: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F; keep from freezing Trans-30 K [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.37 lb/gal; 30% silicone Use Level: 33 ppm max. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trans-30 PK [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher for Passover certified Properties: Disp. in water; dens. 8.40 lb/gal; 30% act. Use Level: 33 ppm max. Trans-100 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone compd. Uses: Defoamer for food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340 Properties: Lt. gray opaque liq.; bland odor; sol. in aliphatic, aromatic, and chlorinated hydrocarbons; insol. in water; sp.gr. 1.01; dens. 8.42 lb/gal; vapor pressure 0.01 mm Hg; b.p. > 300 F; flash pt. > 500 F; pH 7.0 (5% disp. in 50:50 IPA/water); 100% act. Use Level: 10 ppm max. Toxicology: May cause sl. eye and skin irritation; minimal effects by ingestion Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning may produce CO, CO2, SOx Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F; keep from freezing Trans-100 K [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone compd. Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Insol. in water; dens. 8.54 lb/gal; 100% act. Use Level: 10 ppm max. Trans-100 PK [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone compd. Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher for Passover certified Properties: Insol. in water; dens. 8.54 lb/gal; 100% act. Use Level: 10 ppm max. Trans-220 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nonsilicone aq. emulsion Uses: Antifoam for food processing Features: Long-lasting Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340 Properties: Wh. creamy liq.; tasteless, odorless; 729

Part I: Trade Name Reference water-disp. with agitation; sp.gr. 0.93-0.95; dens. 7.95 lb/gal; b.p. 212 F; flash pt. > 280 F; pH 7.0-7.2 (5% aq. disp.) Toxicology: May cause sl. eye and skin irritation; minimal effects by ingestion Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F; keep from freezing Trans-220 K [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nonsilicone aq. emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Emulsion; disp. in water with agitation; dens. 7.95 lb/gal Trans-278 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: silicone and polypropylene glycol aq. emulsion See Silicone emulsion Uses: Antifoam for foods, beet sugar/yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210 compliant Properties: Disp. in water with agitation; dens. 8.34 lb/gal; 19% act. Trans-278 K [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone and polypropylene glycol Uses: Antifoam for foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Disp. in water with agitation; dens. 8.34 lb/gal Trans-280 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Uses: Defoamer for use as a direct food additive in processing of beet sugar and yeast Features: Non-aqueous, silicone-free; very quick dispersibility in aqueous media and a high degree of spreadability in the foaming system Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 178.3120 Properties: Disp. in water Trans-286 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nonsilicone aq. emulsion Uses: Antifoam for aq. systems, foods Properties: Disp. in water with agitation; dens. 7.95 lb/gal Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trans-400 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Uses: Defoamer for use in food processing Features: Food grade; does not alter the taste or odor of food prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS, §175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3910, kosher Properties: Disp. in water Trans-1030 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for aq. systems, foods Features: Food-grade Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340 Properties: Wh. milky liq.; mild odor; water-disp.; sp.gr. 0.98-1.01; dens. 8.17-8.42 lb/gal; b.p. 212 F; flash pt. none to 212 F; pH 7.0-7.3 (5% aq. disp.); nonionic; 3% silicone Use Level: 333 ppm max. Toxicology: May cause sl. skin and eye irritation Hazardous Ingredients: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in well-ventilated area below 120 F; keep from freezing Trans-1030 K [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Silicone emulsion Uses: Defoamer for aq. systems incl. food processing Regulatory: Kosher Properties: Water-disp.; dens. 8.34 lb/gal; 3% silicone Use Level: 333 ppm max. Trans-FG2 [Trans-Chemco http://www.transchemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Nonsilicone aq. emulsion Uses: Defoamer for veg. canning, food processing Features: Food-grade Properties: Water-disp.; dens. 8.33 lb/gal Trans-P2000 K [Trans-Chemco http://www.trans-chemco.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polypropylene glycol CAS 25322-69-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-338-0 Uses: Defoamer for foods, fermentation Regulatory: Kosher certified Properties: Insol. in water; dens. < 8.30 lb/gal; 100% act. 730

Part I: Trade Name Reference Trem® [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Active proteolytic enzymes derived from bromelain and other edible excipients Uses: Enzyme tablet, dough improver, texturizer, crumb softener for yeast-raised bakery prods., cookie and cracker doughs Features: Produces fast, controlled mix reduction; provides doughs with superior machinability, improved grain Storage: 6 mos. storage life under cool, dry conditions Triacetina [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl triacetate See Triacetin CAS 102-76-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-051-9 Uses: Food lubricant Properties: Nonionic TRI-CAL WG [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tricalcium phosphate anhyd. NF, FCC See Calcium phosphate tribasic CAS 7758-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-840-8 Uses: Food additive; mineral supplement Features: Noncombustible Regulatory: NF, FCC, FDA 21CFR §182.1217; DOT nonregulated; SARA nonreportable Properties: Wh. gran. solid; odorless; 1% on 40 mesh, 54% on 100 mesh, 15% through 325 mesh; odorless; tasteless; sol. in dil. min. acid; pract. insol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 1004.6; m.p. 1670 C; pH 6.8 (20%); 100% act.; 8% max. loss on ignition; 17.3% P, 37.6% Ca Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; dusts may cause eye irritation, upper respiratory tract irritation; low acute dermal and oral toxicity; ing. of lg. amts. may cause abdominal pain/cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None known HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in tightly closed containers in cool, dry, sanitary area; avoid contamination of storage containers Triol 91 [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glycerin tricaprylate/tricaprate See Caprylic/capric triglyceride Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 73398-61-5; EINECS/ELINCS 277-452-2 Uses: Lubricant for foods Regulatory: Not regulated for transport Properties: Colorless liq.; typical odor; insol. in water; sol. in fat; dens. ≈ 0.95; flash pt. > 200 C Environmental: keep our of sewers, drains, surface and underground water Precaution: Wear gloves, goggles, overall skin protection; avoid contact with flames Trioleina [Undesa http://www.undesa.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com] Chem. Descrip.: Glyceryl trioleate See Triolein CAS 122-32-7; EINECS/ELINCS 204-534-7 Uses: Food lubricant Properties: Nonionic TRI-TAB [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Tricalcium phosphate anhyd. NF, FCC See Calcium phosphate tribasic Chem. Analysis: 17.3% P, 37.6% Ca CAS 7758-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-840-8 Uses: Mineral supplement Regulatory: NF, FCC , DMF no. 5670 Properties: Wh. gran. solid; 0% on 20 mesh, 15% max. on 40 mesh, 5% max. through 325 mesh; odorless; tasteless; sol. in dil. min. acid; pract. insol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 1004.6; m.p. 1670 C; pH 7.2 (20% aq. slurry); 8% max. loss on ignition Toxicology: LD50 (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; dust may cause eye irritation; low acute dermal toxicity; ing. of large quantities may cause abdominal pain, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; not a suspected carcinogen; TSCA listed Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in tightly closed containers in an area that is isolated from all toxic and harmful substances, sanitary, dry, cool Triton® X-15 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octoxynol-1 CAS 9002-93-1; EINECS/ELINCS 264-520-1 Uses: Surfactant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.210, EPA compliance Properties: APHA 250 liq.; sol. in aliphatic hydrocarbons; misc. with aromatics, alcohols, glycols, ethers, ketones; m.w. 250; sp.gr. 0.985; dens. 8.2 lb/gal; visc. 790 cps; HLB 3.6; flash pt. > 300 F (TOC); pour pt. 15 F; nonionic; 100% act. 731

Part I: Trade Name Reference Triton® X-45 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octoxynol-5 CAS 9002-93-1 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3400, EPA compliance Properties: Cl. liq.; sol. in oil; misc. with alcohol, glycols, ethers, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons; m.w. 426; sp.gr. 1.040; dens. 8.7 lb/gal; visc. 290 cps; HLB 10.4; cloud pt. < 0 C (1%); flash pt. > 300 F (TOC); pour pt. -26 C; surf. tens. 28 dynes/cm (0.1%); Ross-Miles foam 16 mm (0.1%, initial, 120 F); nonionic; 100% act.

Triton® X-305-70% [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octoxynol-30 CAS 9002-93-1 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3400, EPA compliance Properties: APHA 150 liq.; sol. in inorg. salt sol'ns., aq. min. acids; misc. with water, alcohols, glycols, ethers, ketones; m.w. 1526; sp.gr. 1.095; dens. 9.1 lb/gal; visc. 470 cps; HLB 17.3; pour pt. 35 F; cloud pt. > 100 C (1%); flash pt. > 300 F (TOC); surf. tens. 37 dynes/cm (0.1%); Ross-Miles foam 150 mm (0.1%, initial, 120 F); nonionic; 70% act.

Triton® X-100 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octoxynol-9 (9-10 EO) CAS 9002-93-1 Uses: Surfactant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3400, EPA compliance Properties: Cl. liq.; sol. in water, toluene, xylene, trichlorethylene, ethylene glycol, alcohols; m.w. 628; sp.gr. 1.065; dens. 8.9 lb/gal; visc. 240 cps; HLB 13.5; cloud pt. 65 C (1% aq.); flash pt. > 300 F (TOC); pour pt. 45 F; pH 6 (5% aq.); surf. tens. 30 dynes/cm (1%); Ross-Miles foam 110 mm (0.1%, 120 F); nonionic; 100% act.

Triton® X-405-70% [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octoxynol-40 CAS 9002-93-1 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3400, EPA compliance Properties: APHA 250 liq.; sol. in inorg. salt sol'ns., aq. min. acids; misc. with water, alcohols, glycols, ethers, ketones; m.w. 1966; sp.gr. 1.102; dens. 9.2 lb/gal; visc. 490 cps; HLB 17.9; cloud pt. > 100 C (1%); flash pt. > 212 F (TOC); pour pt. 25 F; surf. tens. 37 dynes/cm (0.1%); Ross-Miles foam 126 mm (0.1%, initial, 120 F); nonionic; 70% act.

Triton® X-102 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octoxynol-13 (12-13 EO) CAS 9002-93-1 Uses: Surfactant for foods Features: Effective at high temps., in presence of electrolytes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3400, EPA compliance Properties: Lt. color cl. liq.; sol. in water, many common org. solvs.; m.w. 756; sp.gr. 1.07; dens. 8.9 lb/gal; visc. 330 cps; HLB 14.6; cloud pt. 88 C (1% aq.); flash pt. > 300 F (TOC); pour pt. 60 F; surf. tens. 32 dynes/cm (1%); Ross-Miles foam 130 mm (0.1%, 120 F); nonionic; 100% act.

Triton® X-705-70% [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octoxynol-70 CAS 9002-93-1 Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, EPA compliance Properties: APHA 500 liq.; sol. in inorg. salt sol'ns., aq. min. acids; misc. with water, alcohols, glycols, ethers, ketones; sp.gr. 1.1; dens. 9.2 lb/gal; visc. 505 cP; HLB 18.7; pour pt. 43 F; cloud pt. > 100 C (1% aq.); flash pt. (Seta CC) > 230 F; surf. tens. 39 dynes/cm (0.1%); Ross-Miles foam 95 mm (0.1%, initial, 120 F); nonionic; 70% act.

Triton® X-120 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Octoxynol-9 (9-10 EO) CAS 9002-93-1 Uses: Surfactant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3400 Properties: Wh. solid; m.w. 628; nonionic; 40% conc.

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TroKote™ [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Light mineral oil, petrolatum, and paraffin wax See Paraffin CAS 8042-47-5; 8009-03-8; 64742-51-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-455-8; 232-373-2 Uses: Lubricant, release agent for baking, troughs and chutes Features: Sprayable; high visc.; food grade Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302/313 nonreportable; kosher 732

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Opaque wh. to off-wh. semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water; sol. in hydrocarbons; sp.gr. 0.815-0.880 (140 F); m.p. 114-122 F; b.p. ≈ 600 F; flash pt. 375 F Toxicology: ACGIH TLV-TWA 5 mg/m3 oil mist, TLV-STEL 10 mg/m3 oil mist; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers away from heat, flames, strong oxidizing agents, or combustible materials TroKote™ Light [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Petroleum-based trough grease Uses: Lubricant, release agent for baking, troughs and chutes Features: Sprayable; low visc. version of TroKote TroKote™ V [Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soybean oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, lecithin, and TBHQ See t-Butyl hydroquinone; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil CAS 8001-22-7; 8016-70-4; 8002-43-5; 1948-330; EINECS/ELINCS 232-274-4; 232-410-2; 232-307-2; 217-752-2 Uses: Release agent for baking, thin film applics. Features: Sprayable; low visc. Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §302/313 nonreportable; kosher Properties: Opaque, ivory, semisolid; mild odor; negligibly sol. in water (> 0.1%); vapor pressure < 1.0 mm Hg; flash pt. 540 F Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid excessive heat, open flames, Cl, F, other strong oxidizers, and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx and toxic gases from incomplete burning NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store away from oxidizers and combustible material TruCal® D7 [Glanbia Nutritional http://www.glanbianutritionals.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium (24%), phosphorus (>12.5%) Chem. Analysis: 7% protein; 5.0% moisture; < 0.5% fat Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 7440-70-2; 7723-14-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-179-5; 231-768-7 Uses: Calcium source for use in nutritional supplements, diet, sports, and isotonic beverages, bakery prods., nutrition bars, calcium-enriched dairy prods. Features: Sol. in acidic pH range Regulatory: Kosher and Halal approved Properties: Free-flowing, off-wh. powd.; bland taste; particle size (90%) < 7 μ Storage: 2 yr. shelflife; store in a cool, dry, clean environment @ R.T. away from strong odors and other contaminants Trypsin 1:75 [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Trypsin CAS 9002-07-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-650-8 Uses: Proteolytic enzyme for foods, protein digestion Properties: Cream-colored amorphous powd., char. nonoffensive odor Storage: Preserve in tight containers in cool, dry place Trypsin 1:80 [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Trypsin CAS 9002-07-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-650-8 Uses: Proteolytic enzyme for foods, protein digestion Properties: Cream-colored amorphous powd., char. nonoffensive odor Storage: Preserve in tight containers in cool, dry place Trypsin 1:150 [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Trypsin CAS 9002-07-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-650-8 Uses: Proteolytic enzyme for foods, protein digestion Properties: Cream-colored amorphous powd., char. nonoffensive odor Storage: Preserve in tight containers in cool, dry place TS-10MV [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant for foods Properties: Yel. visc. liq.; sol. in water; HLB 14.9; hydrophilic; 100% conc. 733

Part I: Trade Name Reference TS-10V [Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant for o/w prods., foods Features: Hydrophilic Regulatory: JSCI listed Properties: Yel. visc. liq.; sol. in water, ethanol, ethyl acetate, toluene; HLB 14.9; sapon. no. 43-49; pH 5.7-7.7 (5%); nonionic; 100% conc. Toxicology: TSCA listed TSP/DSP 40% [FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium phosphate, tribasic/sodium phosphate, dibasic (1:0.866) See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate tribasic Uses: Acidulant, buffer, nutritional supplement, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FCC grade; DOT nonregulated Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; odorless; sp.gr. 1.480 (65 C); solid. pt. 58 C; pH 11.4 (1% sol'n.); 39.8-40.2% conc.; < 0.2% insol. Toxicology: Sl. eye and skin irritant TVP, Fortified TVP [ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Textured vegetable protein Chem. Analysis: 9% max. moisture; 18% total dietary fiber; 270 calories/100 g Uses: Protein for ground meat in beef patties, sausage, vegetarian foods, meatloaf mix, etc. Properties: Variety of textures, sizes, colors; 5053% protein Storage: Store in a cool dry place

http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Solubilizer, emulsifier, dispersant for flavors, vitamin oils; foaming agent for nonalcoholic beverages; improves panned coatings; defoamer for process foods; emulsion stabilizer for salad dressings; in whipped toppings, cakes, icings, puddings Regulatory: USP/NF, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.836, 173.340 Properties: Yel. liq.; sol. in water, at low levels in cottonseed oil; visc. 600 cps; HLB 14.9; nonionic Use Level: 1-3% (beverages), 0.2% on coating (panned coatings), 0.02-0.05% (defoaming), 0.3% (salad dressing) Tween® 60K [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 NF CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier, dough strengthener for foods; emulsifier, dispersant for flavors; foaming agent for beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.836 Properties: Pale yel. liq.; sol. in water, IPA, ethyl alcohol; sp.gr. 1.1; visc. 600 cps; HLB 14.9; flash pt. > 300 F; sapon. no. 45-55; nonionic; 100% act. Tween® 60V [Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 60 See Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Veg. source base stock; emulsifier for frozen desserts, salad dressings, cake mixes; dough conditioner for bakery Properties: Liq. to gel; HLB 14.9; nonionic; 100% conc.

Tween® 20 Pharma [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 20 NF CAS 9005-64-5 Uses: Solubilizer, emulsifier, dispersant for flavors, essential oils, vitamin oils; food surfactant Regulatory: USP/NF, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.515 Properties: Pale yel. liq.; sol. in water, methanol, ethanol, IPA, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, cottonseed oil; sp.gr. 1.1; visc. 400 cps; HLB 16.7; flash pt. > 300 F; sapon. no. 40-50; nonionic; 100% act.

Tween® 61 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 61 CAS 9005-67-8 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils; wetting agent; dispersant Properties: Ivory waxy solid; sol. in methanol, ethanol; disp. in water; sp.gr. 1.06; HLB 9.6; flash pt. > 300 F; pour pt. 100 F; sapon. no. 95-115; nonionic; 100% act.

Tween® 60 Pharma [Uniqema

Tween® 65 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com;

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 65 CAS 9005-71-4 Uses: Solubilizer, emulsifier for flavors, essential oils, vitamin oils; provides dryness and overrun in ice cream; defoamer for process foods; whipping agent in sherbet, whipped toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.838, 173.340; Canada compliance Properties: Tan solid; sol. at low levels in cottonseed oil; disp. in water; HLB 10.5; pour pt. 92 F; nonionic Use Level: 0.05-0.1% (ice cream, sherbet), 0.020.05% (defoaming) Tween® 80K [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 NF CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods, vitamins, oils; antifoam Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.840 Properties: Yel. brn. liq.; sol. in water, IPA, ethanol; sp.gr. 1.08; visc. 425 cps; HLB 15.0; flash pt. > 300 F; sapon. no. 45-55; nonionic; 100% act. Tween® 80V Pharma [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Solubilizer, emulsifier for flavors, vitamin oils; emulsion stabilizer for dietary supplements; provides dryness in ice cream; flavor/color dispersant in pickles, yeast defoamers; antifoam for beet sugar prod.; crystal size control agent in salt Regulatory: USP/NF, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.840 Properties: Yel. brn. liq.; sol. in water, at low levels in cottonseed oil; visc. 460 cps; HLB 15.0; nonionic Use Level: 350 mg/daily dose max. (dietary supplements), 0.02-0.1% (ice cream), 0.05% (pickles), 0.02-0.05% (defoaming), 10 ppm (salt) Tween® 81 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 81 CAS 9005-65-6 Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils Regulatory: SARA §311/312, 313 nonreportable Properties: Yel. brn. oily liq.; sol. in min. and corn oil, dioxane, Cellosolve, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, aniline; disp. in water; sp.gr. 1; visc. 450 cps; HLB 10.0; flash pt. > 300 F; sapon. no. 96-104; nonionic; 100% act. Environmental: BOD (28 d) 50%; COD 2.2g O2/g; low toxicity for aquatic life Precaution: Wear safety goggles with side shields and impervious gloves; avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in original containers Tween® 85 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polysorbate 85 CAS 9005-70-3 Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant, solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils Properties: Yel. brn. liq.; sol. in veg. oil, Cellosolve, lower alcohols, aromatic solvs., ethyl acetate, min. oils and spirits, acetone, dioxane, CCl4 and ethylene glycol; disp. in water; sp.gr. 1.0; visc. 300 cps; HLB 11.0; flash pt. > 300 F; sapon. no. 80-95; nonionic; 100% act. Toxicology: Human skin irritant Tylopur® C 300 P2 [Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariantnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, normal etherification See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. modifier, emulsifier, stabilizer, binder in foods, salad dressings Features: Highly purified Properties: Powd.; 95% min. through 80 mesh, 60% min. through 140 mesh; sol. in water; visc. 300 mPa·s (1.8%, 20 C); pH 6-8 (1%); anionic; 99.5% min. act.; 10% max. moisture Storage: Long shelf life if stored in closed bags under dry conditions Tylopur® C 600 G1 [Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariantnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium carboxymethylcellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium 735

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. modifier, stabilizer in foods, milk shakes Properties: Gran.; 95% min. through 18 mesh, 20% max. through 80 mesh; sol. in water; visc. 600 mPa·s (1.8%, 20 C); pH 6-8 (1%); anionic; 99.5% min. act.; 10% max. moisture Storage: Long shelf life if stored in closed bags under dry conditions Tylopur® C 1000 P2 [Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariantnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium carboxymethylcellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. modifier, emulsifier, stabilizer, binder for desserts, whipped puddings, egg custard, mayonnaise, ketchup Features: Highly purified Properties: Sol. in water; visc. 1000 mPa·s (1.8%, 20 C); anionic Storage: Long shelf life if stored in closed bags under dry conditions Tylopur® C 6000 G1 [Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariantnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, normal etherification See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, crystallization control agent in ice cream; visc. modifier, stabilizer in yogurt, sour milk drinks, fruit and vegetable juices Features: Highly purified Properties: Gran.; 95% min. through 18 mesh; 20% max. through 80 mesh; sol. in water; visc. 6000 mPa·s (1.8%, 20 C); pH 6-8 (1%); anionic; 99.5% min. act.; 10% max. moisture Storage: Long shelf life if stored in closed bags under dry conditions Tylopur® C 10000 P2 [Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariantnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium carboxymethylcellulose See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Thickener, binder for sauces, soups, gravies; stabilizer, shelf-life extender in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bakery and dough prods. Features: Highly purified Properties: Powd.; 95% min. through 80 mesh, 60% min. through 140 mesh; sol. in water; visc. 10,000 mPa·s (1.8%, 20 C); pH 6-8 (1%); anionic Storage: Long shelf life if stored in closed bags under dry conditions Tylopur® CB 30000 G1 [Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariantnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, highly etherified See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, crystallization control agent in ice cream; thickener, stabilizer in yogurt, sour milk drinks, fruit and vegetable juices; dispersant, visc. modifier for soft drinks Features: Highly purified Properties: Wh. to pale ylsh. gran.; 95% min. through 18 mesh, 20% max. through 80 mesh; sol. in water; visc. 30,000 mPa·s (1.8%, 20 C); pH 6-8 (1%); anionic; 99.5% min. act.; 10% max. moisture Storage: Long shelf life if stored in closed bags under dry conditions Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 [Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, highly etherified See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Binder, crystallization control agent in ice cream; stabilizer, shelf-life extender in bakery and dough prods.; thickener, stabilizer in yogurt, sour milk drinks, fruit and vegetable juices Properties: Powd.; 95% min. through 80 mesh, 60% min. through 140 mesh; sol. in water; visc. 30,000 mPa·s (1.8%, 20 C); anionic; 99.5% min. act.; 10% max. moisture Storage: Long shelf life if stored in closed bags under dry conditions Type CG6 8x30 [Cameron Carbon http://www.cameroncarbon.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon, coal base See Carbon, activated Chem. Analysis: 2% max. moisture; 12% ash CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Beverage decolorization aid Features: High iodine value; well-developed 736

Part I: Trade Name Reference pore structure; excellent mech. str. Properties: Gran.; mesh size >8 15% max.,; <30 4% max.; sp.gr. 0.45; bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3; iodine no. 920; abrasion no. 80 Type CG6/AW 8x30 [Cameron Carbon http://www.cameroncarbon.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon, coal base See Carbon, activated Chem. Analysis: 5% max. moisture (as packed); 12% ash CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Beverage decolorization Properties: Gran.; mesh size 8x30; sp.gr. 0.45; bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3; iodine no. 950; hardness 76 Type CG6/AW 12x40 [Cameron Carbon http://www.cameroncarbon.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon, coal base See Carbon, activated Chem. Analysis: Moisture 5%; ash 8% CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Beverage decolorization Properties: Gran.; mesh size 12x40; sp.gr. 0.49; iodine no. 1000; hardness 76 Type PAC-TS [Cameron Carbon http://www.cameroncarbon.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Activated carbon, coal base See Carbon, activated Chem. Analysis: 8% mositure; 3% max. ash; 0.03-0.1% iron salt; 0.03-0.2% chloride CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 Uses: Absorbent for color bodies and other impurities in wine and fruit juice Features: High iodine value; chemically pure; low ash content Regulatory: FCC compliant Properties: Gran.; particle size 200 - 325 US Mesh; sp.gr. 0.45; bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3; iodine no. 1050-115-; pH 3-5 Ucarfloc® Polymer 300 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene oxide CAS 25322-68-3 Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages (300 ppm max.) Features: Thermoplastic resin Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 177.1350; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d) Properties: Wh. gran. powd., mild ammoniacal odor; 100% through 10 mesh, 96% through 20 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mesh; sol. in water, some chlorinated solvs., alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones; m.w. 4,000,000; sp.gr. 1.15-1.26; bulk dens. 19-37 lb/ft3; visc. 1650-5500 cps (1% aq.); m.p. 62-67 C; pH 8-10 (sol'n.); nonionic Precaution: Slippery when wet Storage: Store in sealed containers below 25 C, away from heat; avoid dust buildup Ucarfloc® Polymer 302 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene oxide CAS 25322-68-3 Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages (300 ppm max.) Features: Thermoplastic resin Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 177.1350; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d) Properties: Wh. gran. powd., mild ammoniacal odor; 100% through 10 mesh, 96% through 20 mesh; sol. in water, some chlorinated solvs., alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones; m.w. 5,000,000; sp.gr. 1.15-1.26; bulk dens. 19-37 lb/ft3; visc. 5500-7500 cps (1% aq.); m.p. 62-67 C; pH 8-10 (sol'n.); nonionic Precaution: Slippery when wet Storage: Store in sealed containers below 25 C, away from heat; avoid dust buildup Ucarfloc® Polymer 304 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene oxide CAS 25322-68-3 Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages (300 ppm max.) Features: Thermoplastic resin Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 177.1350; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d) Properties: Wh. gran. powd., mild ammoniacal odor; 100% through 10 mesh, 96% through 20 mesh; sol. in water, some chlorinated solvs., alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones; m.w. 7,000,000; sp.gr. 1.15-1.26; bulk dens. 19-37 lb/ft3; visc. 7500-10,000 cps (1% aq.); m.p. 62-67 C; pH 8-10 (sol'n.); nonionic Precaution: Slippery when wet Storage: Store in sealed containers below 25 C, away from heat; avoid dust buildup

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Ucarfloc® Polymer 309 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene oxide CAS 25322-68-3 Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages (300 ppm max.) Features: Thermoplastic resin Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 177.1350; EPA 40CFR §180.1001(d) Properties: Wh. gran. powd., mild ammoniacal odor; 100% through 10 mesh, 96% through 20 mesh; sol. in water, some chlorinated solvs., alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones; m.w. 8,000,000; sp.gr. 1.15-1.26; bulk dens. 19-37 lb/ft3; visc. 10,000-15,000 cps (1% aq.); m.p. 62-67 C; pH 8-10 (sol'n.); nonionic Precaution: Slippery when wet Storage: Store in sealed containers below 25 C, away from heat; avoid dust buildup

water (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 176.210(d)(3), 178.3120, 178.3570, 178.3910 Properties: Cl. liq., char. odor; m.w. 3380 (avg.); sp.gr. 1.062 (20/20 C); dens. 8.81 lb/gal (20 C); visc. 3520 SUS (38 C); pour pt. -29 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 172 C; ref. index 1.4598 (20 C); pH 4.5-7.5 (10% aq.); nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 38 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Ucon® 50-HB-5100 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PPG-33-buteth-45 CAS 9038-95-3 Uses: Food processing; antifoam in boiler water (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 176.200, 176.210(d)(3), 177.1200, 178.3120, 178.3570, 178.3910 Properties: Cl. visc. liq., low char. odor; m.w. 3930 (avg.); sp.gr. 1.063 (20/20 C); dens. 8.85 lb/gal (20 C); visc. 5100 SUS (38 C); pour pt. 29 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 180 C; ref. index 1.4596 (20 C); pH 5.5-7.5 (10% aq.); nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 49 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed

Ucon® 50-HB-660 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PPG-12-buteth-16 CAS 9038-95-3 Uses: Food processing; antifoam in boiler water (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 176.210(d)(3), 178.3120, 178.3570, 178.3910 Properties: Cl. liq., low char. odor; m.w. 1590 (avg.); sp.gr. 1.051 (20/20 C); dens. 8.75 lb/gal (20 C); visc. 660 SUS (38 C); pour pt. -34 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 202 C; ref. index 1.4576 (20 C); pH 5.5-7.5 (10% aq.); nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 18 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed

Ukanil 2340 [Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com] Chem. Descrip.: Polyol alkoxylate Uses: Antifoam for sugar beet processing, fermentation, citric acid, yeast Properties: Colorless liq.; sp.gr. 1.04; hyd. no. 50; pour pt. -28 C; cloud pt. 40 C (1% aq.); pH 5.5 (10% in 10/1 methanol/water); surf. tens. 41 mN/m (0.5%, 20 C); nonionic; 100% act.

Ucon® 50-HB-2000 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PPG-20-buteth-30 CAS 9038-95-3 Uses: Food processing; antifoam in boiler water (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 176.210(d)(3), 178.3120, 178.3570, 178.3910 Properties: M.w. 2660 (avg.); sp.gr. 1.062 (20/20 C); dens. 8.84 lb/gal (20 C); visc. 2000 SUS (38 C); pour pt. -32 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 172 C; ref. index 1.4590 (20 C); nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 21 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed

UltraGuar™ [PL Thomas http://www.plthomas.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 Uses: Thickener, consistency agent, syneresis control in instant beverages, sauces, dressings, soups, gravies Features: Rapidly hydrating; produces exceptionally high viscosity; speeds up processing time; quickly in both hot and cold aq. soli'n. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FCC compliant; kosher

Ucon® 50-HB-3520 [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: PPG-28-buteth-35 CAS 9038-95-3 Uses: Food processing; antifoam in boiler

Ultra-Crisp™ CS [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn starch, waxy

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Texturizer for baked cereals, baked snacks, coated snacks Features: Cold water swelling; provides expansion and crispy texture, clean meltaway in mouth, clean flavor profile Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Use Level: 10-60% Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Ultraflex® [Baker Petrolite/Polymers http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite/p olymers] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline wax CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Chewing gum base; microcapsules for flavoring substances Features: Offers high ductility, flexibility at very low temps. Regulatory: Incl. FDA 21CFR §172.230, 172.615, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 178.3710, 179.45 Properties: Amber wax; also avail. in wh.; dens. 0.93 g/cc; visc. 13 cps (99 C); m.p. 69 C; flash pt. 293 C Ultralec® F [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin Chem. Analysis: 1% max. moisture CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, wetting agent for baked goods, confections, dairy products, ice cream stabilizers, icings, frostings, instant beverage mixes, instant foods, and meat Features: Ultrafiltered, deoiled, for hydrophilic instantizing applications, provides excellent Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsification properties in reduced-fat and flavor-sensitive applications Properties: Lt. gold fine granules; HLB 7.0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored below 60 F in the original containers; keep container well closed when not in use Ultralec® G [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin Chem. Analysis: 1% max. moisture CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, wetting agent for baked goods, confections, dairy products, ice cream stabilizers, icings, frostings, instant beverage mixes, instant foods, and meat Features: Ultrafiltered, deoiled, for hydrophilic instantizing applications, provides excellent emulsification properties in reduced-fat and flavor-sensitive applications Properties: Lt. gold granules; HLB 7.0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored below 60 F in the original containers; keep container well closed when not in use Ultralec® P [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Lecithin Chem. Analysis: 1% max. moisture CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, wetting agent for baked goods, confections, dairy products, ice cream stabilizers, icings, frostings, instant beverage mixes, instant foods, and meat; in sauces and gravies Features: Ultrafiltered, deoiled, for hydrophilic instantizing applications, provides excellent emulsification properties in reduced-fat and flavor-sensitive applications Properties: Lt. gold powd.; HLB 7.0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored below 60 F in the original containers; keep container well closed when not in use Ultra-Set® LT [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified See Food starch, modified Uses: Gellant, film-former for confections, jelly gum candies, gum drops, orange slices, jubes, high-solids centers, panned confections Features: Quick setting; ease of cooking; low hot visc.; rapidly yields high gel str. without having 739

Part I: Trade Name Reference to be cooked at extremely high temps. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; starch odor; sl. sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 5.5 (1%); ≈ 9% moisture Use Level: 10-13% dry solids basis (confections) Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Ultra-Sperse® [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Texturizer, thickener, stabilizer for dry food mixes, instant soups, instant sauces, instant gravies, suspending agent in fruit fillings Features: Cold water swelling; exc. dispersibility; imparts smooth, short texture Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing coarse powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 7 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Use Level: 10-60% Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ultra-Sperse® 5 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for instant foods, dry mixes (sauces, gravies), bakery applics. (fruit pie fillings, glazes, pastry fillings), instant lowcalorie foods; stabilizer for refrigerated or frozen foods Features: High performance; cold water swelling; yields short texture with good sheen, clarity, smoothness; good resist. to heat, acid, shear Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing coarse powd.; readily disp. in hot or cold water; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 8% moisture Ultra-Sperse® 2000 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Visc. builder, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for instant foods, instant creamstyle soups, cheese sauces, gravies, turnover fillings; cold temp. storage stabilizer for refrigerated or frozen foods Features: High performance; cold water swelling; exc. dispersibility; imparts exc. sheen, smoothness; exc. cold temp. storage stability; resist. to heating Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing coarse powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Use Level: 10-60% Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Ultra-Sperse® A [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Waxy corn starch See Corn 740

Part I: Trade Name Reference starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer for dry mixes (instant sauces/soups/gravies), esp. those that are reconstituted and microwaved Features: All natural; high performance; cold water swelling; exc. dispersibility; smooth texture; high cold visc. Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing coarse powd.; bland flavor; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 8% moisture Ultra-Sperse® HV [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: ≈ 8% moisture CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Thickener, mouthfeel enhancer for dry mixes (instant sauces/soups/gravies), esp. those that are reconstituted and microwaved Features: Non-GMO, high performance; disperses easily without lumping Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing coarse powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; sol. in water; sp. gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Avoid dispersing powd. in air; prevent build-up on surf. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, N HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temp.; sensitive to static electricity Ultra-Sperse® M [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for turnover fillings and dry mix foods (instant soups/sauces/gravies/salad dressings); cold temp. storage stabilizer for refrigerated or frozen foods Features: High performance; cold water swelling; exc. dispersibility; imparts exc. sheen, clarity, smoothness, short texture; resist. to heat, acid, shear; rec. for harsh Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

processing conditions (microwaving, milling, low pH) Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing coarse powd.; disp. in hot or cold water; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 8% moisture Ultra-Sperse® SR [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Chem. Analysis: ≈ 8% moisture CAS 53124-00-8 Uses: Thickener, mouthfeel enhancer for heavy bodied salad dressing and microwaveable sauces Features: For food systems subject to severe processing conditions; exc. sheen and cold temp. storage stability to refrigerated or frozen prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. coarse powd.; starch odor; bland flavor; sol. in water; sp. gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact Precaution: Avoid dispersing powd. in air; prevent build-up on surf. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, N Storage: Store @ ambient temp.; sensitive to static electricity Ultra-Tex® 1 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn starch See Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: Thickener, texturizer, stabilizer, mouthfeel enhancer for instant foods, bakery cream fillings, sauces, dry mixes (reconstituted at cold/ambient temps.), refrigerated or frozen foods, microwave reconstituted foods Features: All natural; cold water swelling; imparts smooth, short texture; clean flavor profile Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; pH ≈ 7; ≈ 8% moisture

741

Part I: Trade Name Reference Ultra-Tex® 2 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer, stabilizer for instant foods, dry mixes (sauces, gravies), bakery applics. (fruit pie fillings, glazes, pastry fillings), refrigerated/frozen foods Features: High performance; cold water swelling; exc. sheen, clarity, smoothness; very good resist. to heat, acid, shear; rec. for prods. exposed to high heat or stored under frozen or cold temps.; suitable in acid and neutral systems Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 8% moisture Ultra-Tex® 3 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from tapioca See Food starch, modified Uses: Texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for instant foods (sauces, pastry fillings, Bavarian creams), dairy prods. (cheese sauces), frozen foods, baked goods Features: High performance; cold water swelling; good mouth meltaway chars.; provides smooth, short, glossy texture; tolerant to heating and acids; exc. cold temp. stability Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; starch odor; very bland flavor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Ultra-Tex® 4 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for instant foods (salad Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dressings), turnover fillings, microwavable sauces; cold temp. storage stabilizer for refrigerated/frozen foods Features: Cold water swelling; rec. for severe processing conditions; produces smooth, short texture, sheen; exc. resist. to heat, shear, acid Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; starch odor; sol. in water; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH ≈ 6 (1%); ≈ 8% moisture Toxicology: Possible physical irritant from dust particles; particulates may scratch eye surfs. and cause mech. irritation; possible nuisance dust by inh.; maintain below TWA 10 mg/m3; low oral toxicity; low toxicity by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Does not undergo spontaneous decomp.; typ. combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N, water Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; sensitive to static electricity Ultra-Tex® 2000 [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food starch modified derived from waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Thickener, texturizer, mouthfeel enhancer for instant foods, dry mixes (sauces, gravies, dairy prods.), microwavable cheese sauces, gravies, instant cream-style soups; particulate suspending agent and cold temp. storage stabilizer for refrigerated/frozen foods (frozen pot pies, frozen dinners) Features: Cold water swelling; exc. sheen; rec. for mild to mod. processing conditions; clean flavor profile Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine powd.; pH ≈ 6; ≈ 8% moisture Uni-Malt [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patcoadditives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Enzyme active cereal malt and sodium chloride See Malt Uses: Enzyme for breads, buns, rolls, English muffins Properties: Tan free-flowing powd.; 4.5-7.0% moisture Uniplex 84 [Unitex http://www.unitexchemical.com] Chem. Descrip.: Acetyl tributyl citrate 742

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 77-90-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-067-0 Uses: Plasticizer for direct food contact applics.; plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Features: Produces resins with exc. heat stability and low toxicity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1200, 177.1210, 178.3910, 181.27 Properties: APHA 30 max. color, essentially odorless; insol. in water; m.w. 402.5; sp.gr. 1.045-1.055; dens. 8.74 lb/gal; visc. 33 cps; b.p. 173 C (1 mm Hg); pour pt. -75 C; flash pt. (COC) 204 C; ref. index 1.441; 99% min. assay USG Terra Alba F&P [U.S. Gypsum http://www.usg.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium sulfate dihydrate (9098%) CAS 10101-41-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-900-3 Uses: Filler for foods Regulatory: FCC, NF, GRAS compliance Properties: Off-wh. to wh. powd.; low to no odor; 12 µ median particle size; low odor; sol. in water ≈ 0.21 g/100 g sol'n.); sp.gr. 2.32-2.96; bulk dens. ≈ 45-150 lb/ft3; m.p. 1450 C (dec.); pH 7.3 Toxicology: Exposure to high dust levels may irritate the skin, eyes, nose, throat, or upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: zero VOC content; no known adverse effect on the ecology Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CaO, SO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. in dry location; keep containers closed when not in use Uterus Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form V-90® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Coated monocalcium phosphate anhyd. FCC See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous CAS 7758-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-837-1 Uses: Leavening agent for baking, cereal, cake mixes, self-rising flour and corn meal, pancake and waffle mixes, baking powd. Features: Delayed-action Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1217; FCC Properties: Wh. gran. free-flowing powd.; 1% max. on 140 mesh, 90% min. through 200 mesh; m.w. 234.1; bulk dens. 66 lb/ft3; neutralizing value 83; pH 4.2 (1%); 16.8-18.3% assay (Ca) Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust); LD50 (dermal, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; severe eye irritant; skin and resp. irritant; ing. of large quantities may cause abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.; TSCA listed NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in tightly closed containers in an area that is isolated from all toxic and harmful substances, sanitary, dry, cool V-1655 [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Octadecanoic acid (46.5%), hexandecanoic acid (51%) See Palmitic acid; Stearic acid CAS 57-11-4; 57-10-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200313-4 Uses: Humectant in food prods. Regulatory: Not regulated for transport; Canada DSL; Philippines; China; Korea; Australia; Japan ENCS Properties: Water wh. to yel. solid; musty, fatty odor; insol. in water; relative dens. 0.845; vapor pressure 0.99 mm Hg @ 165 C; b.p. 351.5-376 C; flash pt. > 200 C; autoignition temp. > 250 C; acid no. 205-210; iodine no. 0.5 max.; 0.3% max. moisture Toxicology: Causes mild, transient eye irritation; repeated, prolonged skin contact causes irritation; ing. may irritate GI tract; inh. may cause transient pulmonary irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear goggles or face shield with goggles, rubber gloves, respirator if mist, vapor is generated; avoid eye, skin contact; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may produce CO, CO2 Storage: Store away from sources of ignition in acid resistant vessels such as aluminum, stainless steel or steel coated with resin lining V-1695 [Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hexadecanoic acid (95-100%) See Palmitic acid 743

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 57-10-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-312-9 Uses: Humectant in food prods. Regulatory: Not regulated for transport; Canada DSL; Philippines; China; Korea; Australia; Japan ENCS Properties: Water wh. to yel. solid; musty, fatty odor; insol. in water; relative dens. 0.845; vapor pressure 0.99 mm Hg @ 165 C; b.p. 178-191 C; flash pt. > 200 C; autoignition temp. > 250 C; acid no. 217-222; iodine no. 0.5 max.; 0.3% max. moisture Toxicology: Causes mild, transient eye irritation; repeated, prolonged skin contact causes irritation; ing. may irritate GI tract; inh. may cause transient pulmonary irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear goggles or face shield with goggles, rubber gloves, respirator if mist, vapor is generated; avoid eye, skin contact; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may produce CO, CO2 Storage: Store away from sources of ignition in acid resistant vessels such as aluminum, stainless steel or steel coated with resin lining Vanall [Am. Ingreds./Patco http://www.patcoadditives.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated sorbitan stearate, monoglycerides, polysorbate 60, and propylene glycol Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent in snack, sponge, and layer cakes, and muffins Properties: Cream plastic; pH 4.5-5.0; 67-70% volatiles Vanlite [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated propylene glycol stearate, stearoyl lactylic acid, and monoglycerides, See Propylene glycol stearate Uses: Emulsifier for layer cakes, snack cakes and muffins Properties: Ivory wh. plastic; pH 3.3-4.3; 74-75% volatiles, 8-9.5% mono Vantalc® 6H [R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com] Chem. Descrip.: Talc (hydrous magnesium silicate) Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (61.8%), MgO (31.3%), Fe2O3 (1.3%) CAS 14807-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 238-877-9 Uses: Migrating to food from paper/paperboard Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: High purity, hydrophobicity, brightness and oil absorp.; no ozone-depleting substances Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.1210, 182.90 Properties: Wh. powd.; 2.0 µm median particle size; 99.9% < 325 mesh; dens. 2.7 mg/m3; bulk dens. 14 lb/ft3 (compacted); oil absorp. 52; brightness 87; pH 9.6 (10% aq. slurry) Toxicology: TSCA listed Vascan [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Uses: Antioxidant, preservative for cooked meats, sauces, salads, snack foods Vascomix 404 [Vaessen-Schoemaker http://www.vaessen-schoemaker.com] Chem. Descrip.: Spray-dried whey protein powd., cooking salt See Sodium chloride CAS 84082-51-9; 7647-14-5; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7; 231-598-3 Uses: Fat binder, water binder, texturizer in ground meat prods. like meat balls, meat patties Features: Reduces frying losses Properties: Powd.; 23.3% protein, 34.7% total sugars, 17.5% NaCl, 4% moisture Use Level: 2.5-3% Storage: Store cool and dry in unopened bags Vee Gee 100 B [Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Type B calfskin gelatin See Gelatin CAS 9000-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-554-6 Uses: Candies; clarifier for wine and juice; filler in capsules; food supplementation Features: Lowest bloom; economical Vee Gee 200 B [Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Type B calfskin gelatin, 200 bloom See Gelatin CAS 9000-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-554-6 Uses: Food additive Vee Gee Beef Hide Hydrolysate Gelatin [Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed gelatin derived from porkskin collagen CAS 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 270-082-2 Uses: Film-former in foods (microencapsulation of flavors and food colors); protein source in foods (protein drinks, protein energy bars); clarifier in 744

Part I: Trade Name Reference wine, beer and fruit juice Features: Nongelling Regulatory: USP/NF, GRAS Properties: Off-wh. to amber spray-dried powd.; typ. bouillon-like odor and flavor; sol. in cold water; bulk dens. 300-500 g/l; pH 5.0-6.5 (10% sol'n.); 8% max. moisture Vee Gee Bone Hydrolysate Gelatin [Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed gelatin derived from ossein CAS 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 270-082-2 Uses: Film-former in foods (microencapsulation of flavors and food colors); protein source in foods (protein drinks, protein energy bars); clarifier in wine, beer and fruit juice Features: Nongelling Regulatory: USP/NF, GRAS Properties: Off-wh. to amber spray-dried powd.; typ. bouillon-like odor and flavor; bulk dens. 300-500 g/l; sol. in cold water; pH 5-6 (10% sol'n.); 8% max. moisture Vee Gee Calf Hydrolysate Gelatin [Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed gelatin derived from beef skins CAS 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 270-082-2 Uses: Film-former in foods (microencapsulation of flavors and food colors); protein source in foods (protein drinks, protein energy bars); clarifier in wine, beer and fruit juice Features: Nongelling Properties: Yel. to amber; typ. bouillon-like odor and flavor; sol. in cold water; pH 4.7-5.7; 10% max. moisture Vee Gee Fish Hydrolysate Gelatin [Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed gelatin derived fromfish collagen CAS 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 270-082-2 Uses: Film-former in foods (microencapsulation of flavors and food colors); protein source in foods (protein drinks, protein energy bars); clarifier in wine, beer and fruit juice Features: Nongelling Regulatory: USP/NF, GRAS Properties: Off-wh. to lt. amber; bland to very mild piscine flavor and odor; sol. in cold water; bulk dens. 250-500 g/l; pH 5.0 - 6.5 (10% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sol'n.); 10% max. moisture Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins [Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Gelatin NF CAS 9000-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-554-6 Uses: Tablet binder, gellant, protective colloid, film-former, stabilizer, binder, dispersant, softener, tenderizer, foaming agent, whipping agent, water imbiber, flocculant, clarifier, protein source for foods, health foods Regulatory: USP/NF. GRAS Properties: Lt. straw coarse gran. to fine powds., sl. typ. bouillon-like odor and flavor; insol. in cold water, but swells and softens on immersion; dissolves in hot water; insol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 1.2; b.p. dec. > 100 C; complete combustion > 500 C; nonflamm. Toxicology: Nuisance dust limits apply, 15 mg/m3, 10 mg/m3 total dust Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Vee Gee Porkskin Hydrolysate Gelatin [Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrolyzed gelatin derived from porkskin collagen CAS 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 270-082-2 Uses: Film-former in foods (microencapsulation of flavors and food colors); protein source in foods (protein drinks, protein energy bars); clarifier in wine, beer and fruit juice Features: Nongelling Regulatory: USP/NF Properties: Lt. cream-colored powd.; no objectionable foreign odor; sol. in cold water; bulk dens. 200 - 500 g/l; pH 5-6 (10% sol'n.); 8% max. moisture Vegapure® 67 WDP [Cognis/Nutrition & Health] Chem. Descrip.: Glucose syrup, sodium caseinate, antioxidants and an anticaking agent See Corn syrup Chem. Analysis: 40% min. sterol content; < 5% moisture; ≈ 13% protein CAS 8029-43-4; 9004-36-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Uses: Dietary supplement in the food industry and functional foods (table spreads and dairy prods.) for reducing the absorption of cholesterol from the digestive tract Regulatory: FDA GRAS 745

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Cream powd.; mild, neutral to sl. fatty odor; sl, sweet fatty taste Precaution: 2 yr. shelf life when stored @ temp.< 25 C Storage: 2 yr. shelf life when stored in a tightly closed container @ R.T. protected from heat and light Veg-Blend 7 w/spice [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Pourable custom-blended veg. prods. Uses: Vegetable flavoring in beverages Veg-Blend 7 w/o spice [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Pourable custom-blended veg. prods. Uses: Vegetable flavoring in beverages Veg-Blend Meripoix [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: carrot, onion, celery Chem. Analysis: Contains carrots, onions and celery Uses: Vegetable flavoring in soups, sauces, base Properties: 100% Veg-Con Beet [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. Chem. Analysis: 45%. 65% solids Uses: Flavoring, coloring agent in food Properties: 100% Veg-Con Cabbage [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. Chem. Analysis: 45% solids Uses: Flavoring agent for food and beverages Properties: 100% Veg-Con Carrot [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Carrot juice, carrot juice from conc., carrot juice conc., carrot extract See Carrot (Daucus carota) extract; Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) juice Chem. Analysis: 40%, 42%,a nd 60% solids Uses: Flavor and coloring agent used for beverages, baked goods, soups, dressings, dips, salsas, sauces, gravies, savory flavor enhancement, meat and poultry marinades, snack foods, rice and pasta dishes, food bases, cereal food Properties: Bright orange; pH 4.5-5.1; 100% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Use Level: 1 gal/8.37 gal water yields 9.37 gal of 8° brix juice Storage: Keep frozen Veg-Con Celery [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Celery juice, celery juice from conc., celery juice conc., celery extract See Celery (Apium graveolens) extract Chem. Analysis: 40%, 45% solids Uses: Savory flavoring agent for beverages, baked goods, soups, dressings, dips, salsas, sauces, gravies, savory flavor enhancement, meat and poultry marinades, snack foods, rice and pasta dishes, food bases, cereal prods., food Properties: Green; pH 4.0-6.0; 100% Use Level: 1 gal/16.8 gal water yields 17.8 gal of 3° brix single-strength celery juice Storage: Keep frozen Veg-Con Cucumber [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. Chem. Analysis: 45% solids Uses: Flavoring in salad dressing Properties: 100% Veg-Con Garlic [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. Uses: Flavoring in foods and beverages Veg-Con Green Bell Pepper [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. Chem. Analysis: 45% solids Uses: Flavoring, coloring agent in food and beverages Properties: 100% Veg-Con Onion [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Onion juice, onion juice from conc., onion juice conc., and onion extract See Onion (Allium cepa) extract; Onion (Allium cepa) juice Chem. Analysis: 40%, 45%, 70% solids Uses: Used for beverages, baked goods, soups, dressings, dips, salsas, sauces, gravies, savory flavor enhancement, meat and poultry marinades, snack foods, rice and pasta dishes, food bases, cereal prods., health food, baby food Properties: Dull yel. appearance; pH 4.0-5.0; 100% Use Level: 1 gal/7.8 gal water yields 8.8 gal of 6° 746

Part I: Trade Name Reference brix single-strength onion juice Storage: Keep frozen Veg-Dry Beet [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. powd. Uses: Nutrient, coloring agent in foods and beverages Properties: Powd.; sol. in water Veg-Dry Cabbage [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. powd. Uses: Flavoring agent for food and beverages Properties: Powd.; sol. in water Veg-Dry Carrot, Roasted [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. powd. Uses: Flavoring and savory in foods Properties: Powd.; sol. in water; 100% Veg-Dry Carrot [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. powd. Uses: Flavor, nutrient, coloring agent in food and beverages Properties: Powd.; sol. in water Veg-Dry Celery, Roasted [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. powd. Uses: Flavor, savory for food and beverages Properties: Powd.; sol. in water; 100%

protectant for nutritional supplement tablets Properties: < 10% moisture Storage: Store in sealed containers under cool conditions (< 20 C) Vegetable All Purpose Shortening [ADM Refined Oils http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Soybean and cottonseed oils See Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Uses: Shortening for baking, frying, and cooking Properties: Lovibond 2.0R max. oil, bland flavor; m.p. 118±4 F; iodine no. 74-79 Velcorin® [Bayer AG http://www.bayer-ag.de; http://www.bayer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dimethyl dicarbonate (99.8% min.) CAS 4525-33-1; EINECS/ELINCS 224-859-8 Uses: Yeast inhibitor, bactericide, sterilizer for cold sterilization of beverages Features: Effective against typ. beveragespoiling microorganisms such as fermentative yeast, mycoderma, fermentative bacteria; dec. through hydrolysis, resulting in formation of sm. amts. of CO2 and methanol, natural

Veg-Dry Onion, Roasted [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. powd. Uses: Flavoring and savory in foods Properties: Sol. in water

Velsicure® BTF [Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com] Chem. Descrip.: Benzophenone CAS 119-61-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-337-6 Uses: Food additive Regulatory: Clean Air Act §111 Potential Human Health Hazard (40CFR 60.489); Hazardous Organic NESHAP (HON) Synthetic Organic Chemicals (40CFR 63.100-106) Properties: APHA 0.1 max. off-wh. solid flake; insol. in cold water, sol. in chloroform, ethyl alcohol; m.w. 182.21; sp.gr. 1.08 (54/4 C); m.p. 47-49 C; b.p. 306.1 C; vapor pressure 1.1; flash pt. 138 C; 99.9% min. assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 1600-2895 mg/kg, (oral, rat) 1900-10,000 mg/kg , (skin, rabbit) 3535 mg/kg, (skin, guinea pig) > 1000 mg/kg; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (daphnia magna, 24h) 0.27 mg/l, (fathead minnow, 96h) 15 mg/l HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0

Vege-Coat [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Maize protein See Corn protein Uses: Antioxidant glaze for nuts; antisticking agent for licorice, candies; coating,

Veron® 191 [AB Enzymes GmbH http://www.abenzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Conc. fungal xylanase CAS 9025-55-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-798-3 Uses: Dough conditioner in baking Features: Convert the insoluble hemicelluloses

Veg-Dry Garlic [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. powd. Uses: Flavoring in foods and beverages Properties: Sol. in water Veg-Dry Mirepoix [Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/] Chem. Descrip.: vegetable juice conc. powd. Uses: Flavoring and savory in foods Properties: Sol. in water

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part I: Trade Name Reference of dough into soluble ones during the baking process Veron® N [AB Enzymes GmbH http://www.abenzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: xylanase CAS 9025-55-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-798-3 Uses: Firming agent in noodles and pasta; and oil absorption inhibitor for instant noodles Features: Improve quality and is cost-saving Veron® N [AB Enzymes GmbH http://www.abenzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: xylanase CAS 9025-55-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-798-3 Uses: Firming agent in noodles and pasta; and oil absorption inhibitor for instant noodles Features: Improve quality and is cost-saving Veron® TX [AB Enzymes GmbH http://www.abenzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Amylase, with xylanase and Transglutaminase CAS 9000-92-4; 9025-55-2; 81046-85-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7; 232-798-3 Uses: Firming agent in noodles and pasta; and oil absorption inhibitor for instant noodles VersaCal™ DA [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium phosphate dibasic Chem. Analysis: 21% min. P, 27.5-29.0% Ca CAS 7757-93-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-826-1 Uses: Source of calcium and phosphorus in beverage and food Regulatory: FCC Properties: Wh. odorless, tasteless powd.; 20% thru #200 mesh, 25% thru #325 mesh; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 136.06; sp. gr. 1.6; hygroscopic; 7-8.5% loss on ignition Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust); LD50 (oral, rat) > 10000 mg/kg; eye irritant; sl. skin irritant Precaution: Avoid dust and extreme humidity Storage: 36 mos. shelf life; store in tightly closed containers in an area that is isolated from all toxic and harmful substances, sanitary, dry, cool Versene™ CA [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium-disodium EDTA See Calcium disodium EDTA CAS 62-33-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200-529-9 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Direct food additive; chelating agent preventing metal catalyzed oxidative breakdown in foods, beverages Features: High purity Regulatory: FCC, USP, and kosher compliance Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 410; dens. 40 lb/ft3; pH 6.5-7.5 (1%); 97-102% act. Versene NA [Dow http://www.dow.com] Chem. Descrip.: Disodium EDTA dihydrate USP, FCC CAS 6381-92-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-358-3 Uses: Direct food additive; chelating agent preventing metal catalyzed oxidative breakdown in foods, beverages Features: High purity Regulatory: FCC, USP, and Kosher compliance Properties: Wh. cryst.; m.w. 372; dens. 67 lb/ft3; pH 4.3-4.7 (1%); chel. value 267; 99% act. Verv® [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate See Calcium stearoyl lactylate CAS 5793-94-2; EINECS/ELINCS 227-335-7 Uses: Starch complexing agent, protein complexing agent, softener in yeastleavened bakery prods.; conditioner in dehydrated potatoes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.844 Properties: Cream powd., mild caramel odor, sl. tart taste; acid no. 50-86; ester no. 124-164; anionic; 100% conc., 4.2-5.2% Ca Use Level: 4-8 oz/cwt flour; 0.3-0.5% Storage: Store under cool dry conditions, below 90 F Vestowax® AO 3533 [Degussa AG/Marl] Chem. Descrip.: Polyethylene wax CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses: Citrus fruit coatings Properties: Nearly wh. pellets; sp.gr. 0.97 (23 C); visc. < 280 mPa·s; acid no. 16-19; sapon. no. 30-40; penetration no. 1; Mettler drop pt. 114120 C max. ViCALity Albafil® PCC [Mins. Tech. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate USP CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Fortifier and nutritional supplement for beverages such as milk and soymilk, drinkable yogurts and probiotics; breakfast cereals, baked goods, snack foods, breakfast bars, crackers and dairy products such as 748

Part I: Trade Name Reference milk, ice cream, and yogurt Features: Preferred for its smoothness, taste, and feel Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §176.170, 176.180, GRAS, USP; FCC; American Institute of Baking certified; kosher; California Proposition 65 compliant Properties: Prismatic cryst.; avg. particle size 0.7 µ Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust or powd. may cause eye and skin irritation; not toxic in small amts.; TSCA listed Environmental: not expected to be harmful to aq. life Precaution: Wear dust goggles; use impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CaO HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area ViCALity Albaglos® PCC [Mins. Tech. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Fortifier and nutritional supplement for beverages such as milk and soymilk, drinkable yogurts and probiotics; breakfast cereals, baked goods, snack foods, breakfast bars, crackers and dairy products such as milk, ice cream, and yogurt Features: Similar tapped dens. and surf. areas to ViCALity™ Medium Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §176.170, 176.180, GRAS; FCC; American Institute of Baking certified; kosher; California Proposition 65 compliant Properties: Prismatic cryst.; 0.8 µ size Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust or powd. may cause eye and skin irritation; not toxic in small amts. Environmental: not expected to be harmful to aq. life Precaution: Wear dust goggles; use impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CaO HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 ViCALity® Extra Heavy PCC [Mins. Tech. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Fortifier and nutritional supplement for beverages such as milk and soymilk, drinkable yogurts and probiotics; breakfast cereals, baked goods, snack foods, breakfast bars, crackers and dairy products such as milk, ice cream, and yogurt Features: Low surf. area; high tapped dens. Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §176.170, 176.180, GRAS; FCC; American Institute of Baking certified; kosher; California Proposition 65 compliant Properties: Cubic cryst.; 4.5 µ median particle size Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust or powd. may cause eye and skin irritation; not toxic in small amts. Environmental: not expected to be harmful to aq. life Precaution: Wear dust goggles; use impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CaO HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 ViCALity® Extra Light PCC [Mins. Tech. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate USP CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Fortifier and nutritional supplement for beverages such as milk and soymilk, drinkable yogurts and probiotics; breakfast cereals, baked goods, snack foods, breakfast bars, crackers and dairy products such as milk, ice cream, and yogurt Features: High surf. area; low tapped dens. Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §176.170, 176.180, GRAS; FCC; American Institute of Baking certified; kosher; California Proposition 65 compliant Properties: Scalenohedral cryst.; 1.8-2.6 µ median particle sizes Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust or powd. may cause eye and skin irritation; not toxic in small amts. Environmental: not expected to be harmful to aq. life Precaution: Wear dust goggles; use impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CaO HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 749

Part I: Trade Name Reference ViCALity® Heavy PCC [Mins. Tech. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Fortifier and nutritional supplement for beverages such as milk and soymilk, drinkable yogurts and probiotics; breakfast cereals, baked goods, snack foods, breakfast bars, crackers and dairy products such as milk, ice cream, and yogurt Features: Low surf. area; high tapped dens. Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §176.170, 176.180, GRAS; FCC; American Institute of Baking certified; kosher; California Proposition 65 compliant Properties: Cubic cryst.; 3 µ median particle size Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust or powd. may cause eye and skin irritation; not toxic in small amts. Environmental: not expected to be harmful to aq. life Precaution: Wear dust goggles; use impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CaO HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 ViCALity® Light PCC [Mins. Tech. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate USP CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Fortifier and nutritional supplement for beverages such as milk and soymilk, drinkable yogurts and probiotics; breakfast cereals, baked goods, snack foods, breakfast bars, crackers and dairy products such as milk, ice cream, and yogurt Features: High surf. area; low tapped dens. Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §176.170, 176.180, GRAS; FCC; American Institute of Baking certified; kosher; California Proposition 65 compliant Properties: Scalenohedral cryst.; 1.8-2.6 µ median particle sizes Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust or powd. may cause eye and skin irritation; not toxic in small amts. Environmental: not expected to be harmful to aq. life Precaution: Wear dust goggles; use impervious gloves Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CaO HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 ViCALity® Medium PCC [Mins. Tech. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated calcium carbonate USP CAS 471-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Fortifier and nutritional supplement for beverages such as milk and soymilk, drinkable yogurts and probiotics; breakfast cereals, baked goods, snack foods, breakfast bars, crackers and dairy products such as milk, ice cream, and yogurt Features: High surf. area; low tapped dens. Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §176.170, 176.180, GRAS; FCC; American Institute of Baking certified; kosher; California Proposition 65 compliant Properties: Scalenohedral cryst.; 1.8-2.6 µ median particle sizes Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; dust or powd. may cause eye and skin irritation; not toxic in small amts. Environmental: not expected to be harmful to aq. life Precaution: Wear dust goggles; use impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CaO HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Vicron® FG 15-15 [Specialty Mins. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate FCC Chem. Analysis: < 3 ppm lead CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Masticating agent in chewing gum; fortifier in food,; dusting agent in frosting and confectionery Regulatory: FCC; American Institute of Baking certified; kosher Properties: Irreg. rhombohedron shape; avg. particle size 3.5 μ tapped dens. 0.99 g/cc; surf. area 3.1 m2/g; > 94.0% calcium carbonate Vicron® FG 25-11 [Specialty Mins. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate FCC Chem. Analysis: < 3 ppm lead CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Masticating agent in chewing gum; fortifier in food,; dusting agent in frosting and confectionery Regulatory: FCC; American Institute of Baking 750

Part I: Trade Name Reference certified; kosher Properties: Irreg. rhombohedron shape; avg. particle size 5.5 μ; tapped dens. 1.19 g/cc; surf. area 1.8 m2/g; > 94.0% calcium carbonate Vicron® FG 41-8 [Specialty Mins. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate FCC Chem. Analysis: < 3 ppm lead CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Masticating agent in chewing gum; fortifier in food,; dusting agent in frosting and confectionery Regulatory: FCC; American Institute of Baking certified; kosher Properties: Irreg. rhombohedron shape; avg. particle size 8.0 μ; tapped dens. 1.38 g/cc; surf. area 1.3 m2/g; > 94.0% calcium carbonate Vicron® FG 45-3 [Specialty Mins. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate FCC Chem. Analysis: < 3 ppm lead CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Masticating agent in chewing gum; fortifier in food,; dusting agent in frosting and confectionery Regulatory: FCC; American Institute of Baking certified; kosher Properties: Irreg. rhombohedron shape; avg. particle size 10.0 μ; tapped dens. 1.40 g/cc; surf. area 1.1 m2/g; > 94.0% calcium carbonate Vicron® FG 75-17 [Specialty Mins. http://www.mineralstech.com] Chem. Descrip.: Calcium carbonate FCC Chem. Analysis: < 3 ppm lead CAS 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207-439-9 Uses: Masticating agent in chewing gum; fortifier in food,; dusting agent in frosting and confectionery Regulatory: FCC; American Institute of Baking certified; kosher Properties: Irreg. rhombohedron shape; avg. particle size 17.0 μ; tapped dens. 1.44 g/cc; surf. area 1.0 m2/g; > 94.0% calcium carbonate Victor Cream® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium acid pyrophosphate, leavening, FCC CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Uses: Leavening agent for baking, cereals, in mixes for institutional, bakery, and consumer applics. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1087; FCC Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; 100% through 60 mesh, 99% through 200 mesh; sol. 13 g/100 g saturated sol'n.; sol. in water; m.w. 221.94; bulk dens. 68 lb/ft3; m.p. > 900 C;pH 4.3 (1%) Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust); severe eye irritant; sl. skin irritant; ing. may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid dusting conditions, open flame, spark, and static electricity, strong bases and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: POx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in an area that is isolated from all toxic and harmful substances, sanitary, dry, cool Victory® [Baker Petrolite/Polymers http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite/p olymers] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline wax CAS 63231-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 Uses: Chewing gum base; microcapsules for flavoring substances Features: Offers high ductility, flexibility at very low temps. Regulatory: Incl. FDA 21CFR §172.230, 172.615, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 178.3710, 179.45 Properties: Wh., amber wax; dens. 0.93 g/cc; visc. 13 cps (99 C); m.p. 79 C; flash pt. 293 C Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ [Viobin http://www.viobinusa.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ, toasted with corn syrup solids See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Uses: Stabilizer, texturizer, nutrient, and flavor for crackers, cereals, cake/bread mixes, and snack foods Properties: Nutty flavor Viobin Wheat Germ Oil [Viobin http://www.viobinusa.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat germ oil See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil CAS 8006-95-9 Uses: Vitamin E source, nutritional supplement for foods; substitute for heavily processed veg. oils in salad oil, batter mixes, cake mixes, etc. Features: Natural; high protein, high fiber, low fat Properties: Oil 751

Part I: Trade Name Reference Viscarin® BK 1761 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, sucrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 57-50-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232524-2; 200-334-9 Uses: Gellant, stabilizer, thickener for water, foodstuffs, cold instant bakery fillings, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2970 mf/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container; avoid excessive exposure to heat Viscarin® GP-209NF [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: lambda-Carrageenan See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Fat replacement providing cling, creaminess, hot visc., and mouthfeel for cheese sauce Features: High visc.; nongelling; protein reactive; polyol reactive Viscarin® JC 1270 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: microcrystalline cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, acacia gum, sucrose, trisodium citrate, xanthan gum See Acacia; Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-34-6; 9004-32-4; 9000-01-5; 57-50-1; 68-04-2; 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232674-9; 232-519-5; 200-334-9; 200-675-3; 234394-2 Uses: Viscosifier for food, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS; Korea Properties: Off-wh. powd.; odorless; disp. in water; bulk dens. 0.6; pH 6-8 (2% solids disp.); Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

volatiles ≈ 4% water Precaution: Slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides on burning NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container; avoid excessive exposure to heat Viscarin® ME 3397 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, sodium chloride, sodium tripolyphosphate See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 9000-07-1; 7647-14-5; 7758-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 231-598-3; 231838-7 Uses: Viscosifier for foodstuffs, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA reportable (sodium tripolyphosphate: 5000 lbs); Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0-10.5 (1% sol'n.) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin Precaution: Slippery when wet NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container Viscarin® PS 3377 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, potassium carbonate, calcium sulfate, dihydrate, sodium carbonate See Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 584-08-7; 10101-41-4; 497-198; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 209-529-3; 207-838-8 Uses: Viscosifier for food, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; SARA §311 Acute Health Hazard; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Lt. tan to tan powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 12% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 8-12 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Slippery when wet NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 752

Part I: Trade Name Reference Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container Viscarin® SA 439 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, dextrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose CAS 9000-07-1; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232524-2; 200-075-1 Uses: Viscosifier for foodstuffs, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0-10.5 (in sol'n.) Toxicology: Low oral, dermal and inh. toxicity; nonirritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Precaution: Slippery when wet Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat Viscarin® SD-389 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, dextrose See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Glucose CAS 9000-07-1; 50-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232524-2; 200-075-1 Uses: Fat replacement system for spoonable mayonnaise providing creamy mouthfeel, body structure, rheology, and opacity; in gravies, provides creaminess, cling, hot visc. and mouthfeel Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0-10.5 (in sol'n.) Toxicology: Low oral, dermal and inh. toxicity; nonirritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to be toxic to aquatic organisms Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SOx Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat Viscarin® TP 389 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: Carrageenan, silica, amorphous See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 Uses: Viscosifier for foodstuffs, caramel Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sol. in water 10% max.; sp.gr. ≈ 1; pH 6.0-10.5 (in sol'n.) Toxicology: Noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to be toxic to aquatic organisms Precaution: Slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container; avoid exposure to excessive heat Viscarin® XP-3160 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: carrageenan and sodium chloride See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; 7647-14-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2; 231-598-3 Uses: Fat replacement system for pork sausage; provides juiciness, tenderness Properties: Powd.; sl. marine odor; sp. gr. ≈ 1.0; sol. in water (10% max. by wt.); pH 7.5-10.5 (1.5% sol'n.) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not expected to have significant toxicity on aquatic organisms NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place Viscarin® XP 3399 [FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com] Chem. Descrip.: microcrystalline cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, maltodextrin, carrageenan See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9004-34-6; 9004-32-4; 9050-36-6; 9000-071; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9; 232-940-4; 232-524-2 Uses: Viscosifier for food, caramel fillings and toppings Features: Provides short texture, creamy mouthfeel Regulatory: CERCLA nonreportable; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; China; Philippines PICCS 753

Part I: Trade Name Reference Properties: Off-wh. powd.; odorless; sol. in water 10% max.; bulk dens. 0.6; pH 6-8 (2% solids disp.); volatiles ≈ 4% water Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Slippery when wet Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Sulfur oxides on burning NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container; avoid excessive exposure to heat Viscocel® SC-200 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer in foods (incl. ice cream, juices) Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic Viscocel® SC-580F [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Microcrystalline cellulose (8692%), cellulose gum (8-14%) Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer, bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, sec. emulsifier, fat replacer in foods, ice cream, juices, frozen desserts, salad dressings, drink mixes, lowfat and nonfat prods. Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; visc. 72-168 cps (1.2% solids); pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); 8.3-13.8% CMC content; ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic

http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Microcrystalline cellulose (8993%), cellulose gum (7-11%) Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer, bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, sec. emulsifier, fat replacer in foods, ice cream, frozen desserts, salad dressings, drink mixes, lowfat and nonfat prods. Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; visc. 72-168 cps (2.1% solids); pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); 6.8-11.3% CMC content; ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic Viscocel® SC-611 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer in foods (incl. ice cream, juices) Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic

Viscocel® SC-601 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA

Viscocel® SC-612 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Microcrystalline cellulose (8189%), cellulose gum (11-19%) Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer, bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, sec. emulsifier, fat replacer in foods, ice cream, frozen desserts, salad dressings, drink mixes, lowfat and nonfat prods.

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; visc. 51-150 cps (2.6% solids); pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); 11.3-18.8% CMC content; ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic Viscocel® SC-613 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Microcrystalline cellulose (8189%), cellulose gum (11-19%) Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer, bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, sec. emulsifier, fat replacer in foods, ice cream, frozen desserts, salad dressings, drink mixes, lowfat and nonfat prods. Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; visc. 340-540 cps (2.6% solids); pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); 11.3-18.8% CMC content; ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic Viscocel® SC-681 [Blanver Farmoquimica http://www.blanver.com.br; Blanver USA http://www.blanver.com.br] Chem. Descrip.: Cellulose gel (microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose gum) See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: Microcrystalline cellulose (8692%), cellulose gum (8-14%) Uses: Suspending agent, visc. builder, thickener, compatibilizer, stabilizer, bulking agent, filler, fiber supplement, sec. emulsifier, fat replacer in foods, ice cream, frozen desserts, salad dressings, drink mixes, lowfat and nonfat prods. Features: Hydrates rapidly; generates colloidal disp. with thixotropic props. in concs. as low as 1%; stable across wide temp. range Properties: Wh. to lt. cream fine powd.; ≤ 1% on 60 mesh, ≤ 45% on 200 mesh; odorless; insol. in water, org. solvs., dil. acids; visc. 72-168 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cps (1.2% solids); pH 6-8 (1.2 g/100 ml water); 8.3-13.8% CMC content; ≤ 8% loss on drying Storage: Hygroscopic Viscosomimetic - 1, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: Flavor for mouth-feel builder, viscosomimetic, wine "legginess", artificially sweetened beverages Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless to lt yel., cl. liq.; faint, pleasant taste; sol. in oil, PG, alcohol; sl. sol. in water Use Level: 1-3 ppm as consumed Viscosomimetic - 2, Natural [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Uses: flavor, mouth-feel builder, viscosomimetic, wine "legginess" for artificially sweetened beverages Regulatory: GRAS; CFR §172.510; 21 CFR §101.22; kosher Properties: Colorless to lt yel., cl. liq.; faint, pleasant taste; sol. in oil, PG, alcohol; sl. sol. in water Use Level: 1-5 ppm as consumed Vis*Quick® 11 [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Coagglomeration of xanthan gum and guar gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Xanthan gum substitute, visc. builder, mouthfeel enhancer, flavor release aid, emulsion stabilizer, stabilizer, texturizer for gravies, sauces, toppings, syrups, confections, salad dressings, soups, broths, bakery fillings and icings, emulsions Features: High visc.; pseudoplastic; short texture; exc. performance in dry mixes Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 25% max. on 40 mesh, 80% min. on 20 mesh; bland odor/taste; rapidly disp. in cold and hot water; bulk dens. 0.22-0.32 g/cc; 14% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Vis*Quick® 21 [Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Coagglomeration of guar gum and xanthan gum See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Uses: Xanthan gum substitute, mouthfeel 755

Part I: Trade Name Reference enhancer, flavor release aid, emulsion stabilizer, stabilizer for gravies, sauces, toppings, syrups, confections, salad dressings, soups, broths, bakery fillings and icings, frozen dairy desserts Features: Pseudoplastic Regulatory: Kosher approved Properties: Off-wh. powd.; 25% max. on 40 mesh, 80% min. on 200 mesh; bland odor/taste; disp. in cold and hot water; bulk dens. 0.22-0.32 g/cc; 15% max. moisture Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry place Vitacel® AF 12 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Apple fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for tablets, foods Features: Only organically grown apples are used Properties: Beige brn. coarse powd.; 98% max. 200 µm residue; fruity, aromatic odor and flavor; bulk dens. 460 g/l; water-binding capacity: 500%; pH 3.7 (10%); 45% insol. dietary fiber, 15% sol. dietary fiber Vitacel® AF 400 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Apple fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for baked goods, long shelf life goods, muesli mixes, bars, fruit mixes Features: Only organically grown apples are used Properties: Beige brn. powd.; 80% max. 32 µm residue, 40% max. 150 µm residue; fruity, aromatic odor and flavor; bulk dens. 450 g/l; water-binding capacity 500%; pH 3.7 (10%); 45% insol. dietary fiber, 15% sol. dietary fiber Vitacel® AF 400/30 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Apple fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for beverages and yogurts Features: Only organically grown apples are used Properties: Beige brn. fine powd.; 40% max. 25 µm residue, 5% max. 32 µm residue; fruity, aromatic odor and flavor; bulk dens. 300 g/l; water-binding capacity 510%; pH 3.7 (10%); 45% insol. dietary fiber, 15% sol. dietary fiber Vitacel® AFE 400 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Apple fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for breads, gingerbreads, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

and fine baked goods Features: Only organically grown apples are used Properties: Beige brn. powd.; 80% max. 32 µm residue, 40% max. 150 µm residue; fruity, aromatic odor and flavor; bulk dens. 500 g/l; water-binding capacity 650%; pH pH 3.7 (10%); 35% insol. dietary fiber, 25% sol. dietary fiber Vitacel® AFF 12 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Apple fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for muesli mixes, fruit and cereal bars, and foods Features: Only organically grown apples are used Properties: Beige brn. solid flakes; 95% min. 1000 µm residue; fruity, aromatic odor and flavor; bulk dens. 320 g/l; pH 3.7 (10%); 45% insol. dietary fiber, 15% sol. dietary fiber Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Bamboo fiber Uses: Dietary fiber in used in fruit juices, beverages, spices, tablets, bakery goods, pasta, fragile products, batters, shredded cheese, sauces, mustards, and ketchups Properties: Inert, non-caloric, and tasteless Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 101 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Oat fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Dietary fiber, flow aid for grated cheese, powdered cheese, and powdered foods; tableting aid Features: Pleasant mouthfeel Properties: Wh. to grayish wh. powd.; 50 µm particle size; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 300 g/l; water-binding capacity 350%; oil absorp. 200%; pH 6.0±0.5 (10%); 90% min. dietary fiber Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 200 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Oat fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for baked goods, meats, sausages, poultry, and fish Features: Pleasant mouthfeel Properties: Wh. powd.; 250 µm fiber length; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 110 g/l; water-binding capacity 710%; oil absorp. 500%; pH 6.0±0.5 (10%); 90% min. dietary 756

Part I: Trade Name Reference fiber Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Oat fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for baked goods, seasonings, pasta, cheese prods., panades, extruded prods., waffles, sausage prods. Features: Pleasant mouthfeel Properties: Wh. powd.; 80 µm fiber length; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 180 g/l; water-binding capacity 400%; oil absorp. 300%; pH 6.0±0.5 (10%); 90% min. dietary fiber Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600/30 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Oat fiber See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for beverages, sauces, gravies, and instant products Features: Pleasant mouthfeel Properties: Wh. powd.; 35 µm fiber length; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 190 g/l; water-binding capacity 300%; oil absorp. 280%; pH 6.0±0.5 (10%); 90% min. dietary fiber Vitacel® OF 400/30 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Orange fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for beverages, flavorings, sauces and gravies Features: Pleasant mouthfeel Properties: Lt. yel. fine powd.; 50% max. 25 µm residue, 15% max. 32 µm residue; orange, sl. bitter odor and flavor; bulk dens. 300 g/l; water-binding capacity 860%; pH 3.7 (10%); 32% insol. dietary fiber; 28% sol. dietary fiber Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose EPG 70 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Powdered cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Dietary fiber, separating agent, carrier for seasonings, condensed goods, and flavorings Features: Indigestible; high chemical and microbial purity Properties: Wh. gran.; 300 µm gran. size; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 350 g/l; waterbinding capacity 388%; pH 5.0-7.5; 99.5% act.; ≈ 98% dietary fiber; 7% max. moisture Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 00 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Powdered cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Dietary fiber, separating agent, carrier for flavorings, and baked goods Features: Indigestible; high chemical and microbial purity Properties: Wh. powd.; 120 µm fiber length; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 165 g/l; water-binding capacity 435%; pH 5.0-7.5; 99.5% act.; ≈ 98% dietary fiber; 7% max. moisture Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Powdered cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Dietary fiber, separating agent, carrier for grated cheese, baked goods, seasonings, panades, pasta, and extruded goods Features: Indigestible; high chemical and microbial purity Properties: Wh. powd.; 60 µm fiber length; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 195 g/l; water-binding capacity 331%; pH 5.0-7.5; 99.5% act.; ≈ 98% dietary fiber; 7% max. moisture Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600-30 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Powdered cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Dietary fiber, separating agent, carrier in instant and diet prods., and beverages Features: Indigestible; high chemical and microbial purity Properties: Wh. powd.; 30 µm fiber length; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 220 g/l; water-binding capacity 375%; pH 5.0-7.5; 99.5% act.; ≈ 98% dietary fiber; 7% max. moisture Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Powdered cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Dietary fiber, flow aid for grated cheese, powdered cheese, seasonings, powdered prods., and tablets 757

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Indigestible; high chemical and microbial purity Properties: Wh. fine powd.; 40 µm fiber length; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 300 g/l; pH 5.0-7.5; 99.5% act.; ≈ 98% dietary fiber; 7% max. moisture Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose LC 200 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Powdered cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Dietary fiber, separating agent, carrier for meat and fish Features: Indigestible; high chemical and microbial purity Properties: Wh. fiber; 300 µm fiber length; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 75 g/l; water-binding capacity 790%; pH 5.0-7.5; 99.5% act.; ≈ 98% dietary fiber; 7% max. moisture Vitacel® Prolac [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Microencapsulated, probiotic lactobacillus cultures Uses: Probiotic enrichment of food Features: To improve the competitive properties of the microorganisms to the native intestinal flora and, in this manner, to achieve probiotic effectiveness at the active site that is as high as possible Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored at room temp. under dry conditions Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat fiber Uses: Dietary fiber, flow aid for shredded cheese, cheese powders, spices and seasonings, powd. prods., tablets Properties: Fine powd.; 50 µm particle size; bulk dens. 310 g/l; water-binding capacity 350%; oil absorp. 200%; pH 6.5±1 (10%) Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 200 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for baked goods, meats, sausages, poultry, and fish Properties: Wh. fiber; 250 µm fiber length; 85% max. 32 µm residue, 20% max. 100 µm residue; bulk dens. 80 g/l; water-binding capacity 740%; oil absorp. 390%; pH 6.5±1 (10% susp.); 94.5% insol. dietary fiber, 2.5% sol. dietary fiber Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for baked goods, seasonings, spices, pasta, cheese, panades, extruded foods, waffles, sausages Properties: Fine powd.; 80 µm fiber length; 45% max. 32 µm residue, 2% max. 100 µm residue; bulk dens. 210 g/l; water-binding capacity 400%; oil absorp. 200%; pH 6.5±1 (10%) Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600/30 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat fiber Uses: Dietary fiber for beverages, sauces, gravies, and instant prods. Properties: Fine powd.; 30 µm fiber length; bulk dens. 255 g/l; water-binding capacity 350%; oil absorp. 190%; pH 6.5±1 (10%) Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel HS 73 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat fiber gel Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder for calorieand/or fat-reduced foods Features: Pleasant mouthfeel Properties: Milky wh. gel, neutral flavor and odor; dens. (240 g/l±15%); pH 6±1 (10%) Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel WFG HS 73 [J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat fiber (70%) and maltodextrin (30%) aq. disp. Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder, dietary fiber for reduced-calorie and reduced-fat foods Features: Pleasant mouthfeel Properties: Milky wh. powd.; 50 µm avg. particle size; 5% max. > 100 µm, 30% max. > 32 µm; neutral odor and taste; bulk dens. 240 g/l; visc. 1000-2000 mPa·s (2% disp.); pH 6±1 (10% susp.); 66% insol. dietary fiber, 2% sol. dietary fiber; 8% moisture Vitalex® A [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour, soy flour, ethoxylated monoglycerides, calcium dioxide See Calcium peroxide; Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Uses: Dough conditioner improving quality and replacing a portion or all of gluten in bread, buns, rolls, and variety breads 758

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Synergistic; max. functionality added to sponge Properties: Lt. cream color; 17% ethoxylated mono Use Level: 2% on flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life, best when used before 9 mos; store in dry location; maintain above 70 F at all times; keep containers closed when not in use Vitamin A and D-3 Blend [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Retinyl palmitate, cholecalciferol, in corn (Zea mays) oiland dl-α-Tocopherol as an antioxidant See Cholecalciferol; Corn (Zea mays) oil unsaponifiables CAS 79-81-2; 67-97-0; 8001-30-7; 1406-18-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-228-5; 200-673-2; 232281-2; 215-798-8 Uses: Vitamin supplement for food preps. Properties: Greenish yel. to golden yel., oil liq.; acid value 2.0 (max); Vitamin A 1.0 million UI/g and Vitamin D3 100,000 IU/g Toxicology: Sustained daily intakes of Vitamin A exceeding 50,000 IU in adults and 20,000 IU in infants and young children may cause toxic manifestations Storage: May crystallize on storage, sensitive to air, heat and light; keep container sealed tightly and store below 15 C Vitamin A Palmitate USP, FCC Type P1.7 [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vitamin A palmitate USP-FCC See Retinyl palmitate CAS 79-81-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-228-5 Uses: Used when max. vitamin A conc. required in soft gelatin capsules, multivitamins, to fortify foods (margarine), liq. infant formulas Regulatory: USP, FCC Properties: Greenish-yel. to golden-yel. oily liq., char. odor; misc. with edible oils and fats; sol. in hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 524.9; sp.gr. 0.90-0.95; 1,600,000 IU/g min. Toxicology: Sustained daily intakes exceeding 50,000 IU (adults), 20,000 IU (infants) may cause toxic effects (headache, vomiting, liver damage); US RDA 8000 IU (pregnant/lactating women) Storage: Store in cool place under refrigeration; contents may crystallize; warm to 40 C to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

liquefy before use Vitamin B12 0.1% SD [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cyanocobalamin stabilized in a matrix of modified food starch with sodium citrate, citric acid, preservatives (sodium benzoate, sorbic acid), silicon dioxide See Citric acid; Food starch, modified; Silica Uses: Easy blending and distribution in foods, premixes, dry prods., liq. mixts. or suspensions Properties: Pink fine powd.; sl. hygroscopic; 98% min. through 40 mesh; disperses in cold or warm water; insol. in org. solvs. Storage: Store in cool dry place in tightly closed container, optimally @ 46-59 C; avoid excessive heat Vitamin B12 1% Trituration [DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cyanocobalamin USP with carrier (calcium phosphate dibasic) Uses: Used in dry formulations, pharmaceutical tablets/capsules and food premixes where water sol. is not critical and reducing agents or moisture are not present Regulatory: USP, FCC, Ph. Eur. Properties: Lt. pink fine powd.; 99% min. through 100 mesh; insol. in water and org. solvs.; m.w. 1355.38 Storage: Store in cool dry place in tightly closed container, optimally @ 46-59 C. Vitamin E Acetate Dry Powd. 50% DC/GFP [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate EINECS/ELINCS 231-710-0 Uses: Antioxidant for foods, feeds Regulatory: Kosher and halal certified Properties: Wh. free-flowing, nondusting beadlet powd.; odorless; disperses in cold water; 50% act. Storage: 3 yr shelf life when stored in original containers in a dry place @ R.T. Vitamin E Acetate Dry Powd. SD 50 [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate EINECS/ELINCS 231-710-0 Uses: Antioxidant for foods, feeds Properties: Dry powd. Vitamin E dl-alpha Tocopheryl Acetate USP [Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com] Chem. Descrip.: dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate USP CAS 7695-91-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-710-0 759

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Antioxidant, vitamin source for foods Properties: Cl. yel. visc., nearly odorless liq.; water-insol; freely sol. in alcohol; miscible with water, acetone, chloroform, ether, and vegetable oils Vitamin K1 Dry Powd. 1% GFP [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Vitamin K1 CAS 84-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-564-2 Uses: Vitamin for foods, feeds Features: Gelatin-free Properties: Dry powd. Vitamin K1 Dry Powd. 5% GFP [BASF AG http://www.basf.de] Chem. Descrip.: Vitamin K1 CAS 84-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-564-2 Uses: Vitamin for foods, feeds Features: Gelatin-free Properties: Dry powd. Vita Plus White Culture 6328 [Brolite Prods. http://www.bakewithbrolite.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natural dough conditioner and mineral yeast food Uses: Cultured conditioner that works at the mixer, during make-up, in the oven, and on the shelf; for all yeast-raised baked goods. Vitiben® [Cimbar Perf. Mins. http://www.cimbar.com] Chem. Descrip.: Natural bentonite Chem. Analysis: SiO2 (63.59%), Al2O3 (21.43%); moisture (7-9%) CAS 1302-78-9; EINECS/ELINCS 215-108-5 Uses: Clarifier, heat stabilizer, and processing aid for wine and juice production; adsorbent and coagulant for undesirable substances so they can be filtered out during fining or clarification Features: Superior dispersibility Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1155 Properties: 83-87% through 20 mesh, 29-33% through 30 mesh; sp.gr. 2.8; bulk dens. 70 lb/ft3; pH 9.6 (6% susp.) Use Level: 1-10 lb/1000 gal Storage: Store in tightly closed package Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ [Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Uses: Protein source, dietary fiber, vitamin source, mineral source, nutritional ingred. in baked prods., breakfast cereals, snack Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

and dietetic foods; flavor Features: Natural source of high quality protein, 20% dietary fiber, nutritionally significant amounts of certain vitamins and minerals Properties: Gran., flour, and extruded forms; nutty flavor Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets [Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Uses: Protein source, vitamin source, mineral source, texturizer, flavoring agent, nut replacement in crackers, cookies, cakes, confections, nutritional snack foods, other bakery prods. Features: Natural rich source of high quality protein, vitamins, and minerals; provides crunchy texture, mild nutty flavor, appealing bite; as total or partial replacement for nuts; no additives, low cost, stable shelf life Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets [Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: 7.0% max. moisture; 30% min. protein; 1% max. fat; 5% max. crude fiber; 14.5% insol. fiber; 4.8% sol. fiber; 6.0% ash Uses: Source of dietary fiber, high quality protein, complex carbohydrates and specific essential vitamins and minerals; basic supplement for cookies, crackers, nut replacements, nutrition bars, snack mixes, salad toppings, ice cream, and yogurt toppings Features: Nearly fat-free; cholesterol-free, sodium-free; shelf stable Regulatory: Non-GMO Properties: Flour; nutty flavor; 1.0% thru #4 max. U.S. Standard Sieve Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets [Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: 7.0% max. moisture; 30% min. protein; 1% max. fat; 5% max. crude fiber; 14.5% insol. fiber; 4.8% sol. fiber; 6.0% ash Uses: Source of dietary fiber, high quality protein, complex carbohydrates and specific essential vitamins and minerals; basic supplement for cookies, crackers, nutrition bars, snack mixes, salad toppings, ice cream, and yogurt toppings 760

Part I: Trade Name Reference Features: Nearly fat-free; cholesterol-free, sodium-free; shelf stable Regulatory: Non-GMO Properties: Flour; nutty flavor; 0.0% thru #6 max. U.S. Standard Sieve Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour [Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: 7.0% max. moisture; 30% min. protein; 1% max. fat; 5% max. crude fiber; 14.5% insol. fiber; 4.8% sol. fiber; 6.0% ash Uses: Source of dietary fiber, high quality protein, complex carbohydrates and specific essential vitamins and minerals; basic supplement for cold and hot breakfast cereals, breads, muffins, bagels, cakes, donuts, and pies Features: Nearly fat-free; cholesterol-free, sodium-free; shelf stable Regulatory: Non-GMO Properties: Flour; nutty flavor; 10% thru #30 max. U.S. Standard Sieve Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules [Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: 7.0% max. moisture; 30% min. protein; 1% max. fat; 5% max. crude fiber; 14.5% insol. fiber; 4.8% sol. fiber; 6.0% ash Uses: Source of dietary fiber, high quality protein, complex carbohydrates and specific essential vitamins and minerals; basic supplement for breads, muffins, bagels, cakes, nutrition bars, snack bars and mixes Features: Nearly fat-free; cholesterol-free, sodium-free; shelf stable Regulatory: Non-GMO Properties: Flour; nutty flavor; 0.0% thru #10 max. U.S. Standard Sieve Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Flour [Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: 7.0% max. moisture; 30% min. protein; 1% max. fat; 5% max. crude fiber; 14.5% insol. fiber; 4.8% sol. fiber; 6.0% ash Uses: Source of dietary fiber, high quality protein, complex carbohydrates and specific essential vitamins and minerals; basic supplement for cold and hot breakfast Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cereals; carrier for seasonings; filler for meat prods.; dietary supplement Features: Nearly fat-free; cholesterol-free, sodium-free; shelf stable Regulatory: Non-GMO Properties: Flour; nutty flavor; 10% thru #30 max. U.S. Standard Sieve Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Granules [Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: 7.0% max. moisture; 30% min. protein; 1% max. fat; 5% max. crude fiber; 14.5% insol. fiber; 4.8% sol. fiber; 6.0% ash Uses: Source of dietary fiber, high quality protein, complex carbohydrates and specific essential vitamins and minerals; basic supplement for cold and hot breakfast cereal, nutrition bars, snack bars and mixes Features: Nearly fat-free; cholesterol-free, sodium-free; shelf stable Regulatory: Non-GMO Properties: Flour; nutty flavor; 0.0% thru #10 max. U.S. Standard Sieve Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R80R Flour [Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Defatted wheat germ See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Chem. Analysis: 7.0% max. moisture; 30% min. protein; 1% max. fat; 5% max. crude fiber; 14.5% insol. fiber; 4.8% sol. fiber; 6.0% ash Uses: Source of dietary fiber, high quality protein, complex carbohydrates and specific essential vitamins and minerals; carrier for seasonings; dietary supplement Features: Nearly fat-free; cholesterol-free, sodium-free; shelf stable Regulatory: Non-GMO Properties: Flour; nutty flavor; 0.0% thru #30 max. U.S. Standard Sieve Vitinc® Wheat Germ Oil [Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat germ oil, cold processed See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil CAS 8006-95-9 Uses: Source of vitamin E, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and omega-3 fatty acids, with zero cholesterol Properties: Sp.gr. 0.92; iodine no. 128; sapon. no. 186; ref. index 1.4753

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Part I: Trade Name Reference Vitrafos® [Innophos http://www.innophos.com] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium polyphosphate CAS 68915-31-1; EINECS/ELINCS 256-779-4 Uses: Sequestrant and preservative adjunct for use in dairy, beverage, and miscellaneous foods Regulatory: FCC Properties: Wh. gran. solid; 1% max.thru #20 mesh, 5% max. thru #60 mesh, 60% min. thru #100 mesh; odorless; sol. in water; sp. gr. 1.6; m.p. 628 C; pH 6.7-7.2 Toxicology: OSHA TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust); LD50 (oral, rat) 3053 mg/kg; eye irritant; sl. skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid dust and extreme humidity Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: POx, and SOx Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in tightly closed containers in an area that is isolated from all toxic and harmful substances, sanitary, dry, cool Vivacel® 12 [JRS Pharma http://www.jrspharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6 Uses: Tablet binder for health foods Features: Very good flowability, suited for direct tableting Properties: 150 µm avg. particle size; 6% max. moisture Vivacel® 101 [JRS Pharma http://www.jrspharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose NF, Ph.Eur., BP, DAB Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture CAS 9004-34-6 Uses: Tablet binder for health foods, esp. for tableting and spheronization Properties: 50 µm avg. particle size; bulk dens. 320 g/l, 2.2 ml/g (tapped) Storage: Nearly unlimited shelf life when stored dry in orig. sealed bags; 36 mos. guaranteed life Vivacel® 102 [JRS Pharma http://www.jrspharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose NF, Ph.Eur., BP, DAB Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture CAS 9004-34-6 Uses: Tablet binder for health foods Features: Better flowability than Vivacel 101, suited for direct tableting Properties: 100 µm avg. particle size; bulk dens. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

350 g/l, 1.9 ml/g (tapped) Storage: Nearly unlimited shelf life when stored dry in orig. sealed bags; 36 mos. guaranteed life Vivacel® 112 [JRS Pharma http://www.jrspharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose Chem. Analysis: 3% max. moisture CAS 9004-34-6 Uses: Tablet binder for health foods Features: Better flowability; suited for direct tableting of water-sensitive substances Properties: 100 µm avg. particle size Vivacel® 200 [JRS Pharma http://www.jrspharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose Chem. Analysis: 6% max. moisture CAS 9004-34-6 Uses: Tablet binder for health foods Features: Best flowability; suited for direct tableting Properties: 190 µm avg. particle size Vivapur® 101 [JRS Pharma http://www.jrspharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Dietary fiber, dispersant, separating agent, carrier, flow aid for ground cheese, seasonings, instant prods. Features: Indigestible; high chemical and microbial purity; pleasant mouthfeel Regulatory: DAB, Ph.Eur., NF, JP compliances; kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; 50 µm particle size; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 320 g/l; water-binding capacity 255%; pH 5.5-7.0 (10% susp.); 99.5% act. Vivapur® 102 [JRS Pharma http://www.jrspharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Tableting agent for extending food prods; flow aid Features: Indigestible; high chemical and microbial purity; pleasant mouthfeel Regulatory: DAB, Ph.Eur., NF, JP compliances; kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; 100 µm particle size; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 350 g/l; water-binding capacity 244%; pH 5.5-7.0 (10% susp.); 99.5% act. Vivapur® 105 [JRS Pharma 762

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.jrspharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Dietary fiber, separating agent, carrier for instant sauces, gravies, and soups, and enriched diet beverages Features: Indigestible; high chemical and microbial purity; pleasant mouthfeel Regulatory: DAB, Ph.Eur., NF, JP compliances; kosher Properties: Wh. powd.; 20 µm particle size; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 0.20-0.26 g/cm3; water-binding capacity 270%; pH 5.57.0 (10% susp.); 99.5% act. Vivapur® 200 [JRS Pharma http://www.jrspharma.com] Chem. Descrip.: Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 Uses: Dietary fiber, separating agent, flow aid in foods Features: Indigestible; high chemical and microbial purity; pleasant mouthfeel Regulatory: NF, EP, JP, GRAS Properties: Wh. powd.; 250 µm particle size; neutral flavor and odor; bulk dens. 0.31-0.37 g/lcm3; water-binding capacity 244%; pH 5.57.0 (10% susp.); 99.5% act. Volclay® KWK Agglomerated [Am. Colloid http://www.colloid.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food grade sodium bentonite Chem. Analysis: 63.02% SiO2; 21.08% Al2O3; 12% max. moisture Uses: Filter aid for clarification and fining of wine, beer, and vinegar Features: Prevents cloudiness and removes heat-sensitive proteins; high montmorillonite content, large surface area, and contains low grit; super-dispersing Properties: Dry paticle size 15.0% max. retained on 100 mesh, 20.0% max. retained on 30 mesh; visc. (5% solids) 10-50 cps; pH (5% solids) 8.5-10.5 Volclay® KWK Food Grade [Am. Colloid http://www.colloid.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food grade sodium bentonite Chem. Analysis: 63.02% SiO2; 21.08% Al2O3; 12% max. moisture Uses: Filter aid for clarification and fining of wine, beer, and vinegar Features: Prevents cloudiness and removes heat-sensitive proteins Properties: Grans.; dry particle size 1.0% max. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

retained on 16 mesh, 35.0% max. retained on 20 mesh; pH (5% solids) 8.0-10.0 Volclay® KWK Krystal Klear [Am. Colloid http://www.colloid.com] Chem. Descrip.: Food grade sodium bentonite Chem. Analysis: 64.10% SiO2; 19.89% Al2O3 Uses: Filter aid for clarification and cold fining of wine, beer, and vinegar Features: High montmorillonite content, large surface area, exhibits rapid cold-water dispersion and contains low grit; prevents cloudiness while removing heat-sensitive proteins Regulatory: FCC Properties: Dry particle size 1.0% max. retained on 16 mesh, 35.0% max. retained on 20 mesh; pH (5% solids) 8.5-10.5 V-V Artificial Vanilla® [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Flour; vanilllin; propenyl guaethol See Propenylguaethol; Vanillin Uses: Vanilla flavoring agent for foods Features: Lt. colored powd. will not discolor white batter or icing prods. Properties: Powd., rich aromatic odor Use Level: 1-2% based on flour or sugar Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep containers closed when not in use V-V Vanilla [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Uses: Conc. artificial vanilla flavoring Properties: Dry powd. Vykamol 83G [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Sorbitan stearate (Crill 3) and polysorbate 60 (Crillet 3) Uses: Emulsifier for cake mixes (improves hydration, volume, and shelf life), confectionery coatings (antibloom agent), icings/toppings (improves emulsification, volume), pastry fat; emulsion stabilizer in calf starters, syn. creams, whipped desserts Regulatory: UK clearance Properties: Solid; m.p. 50-55 C; HLB 6.2; acid no. 3-7; sapon. no. 130-135; nonionic; 100% conc. Use Level: 0.5-0.9% (cakes), 1% (chocolate), 0.5-0.6% (icings), 0.4-0.6% (cream), 0.2-0.4% (whipped dessert) Storage: Store under cool, dry conditions 763

Part I: Trade Name Reference WS-3, Artificial [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Chem. Descrip.: N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3carboxamide CAS 39711-79-0; EINECS/ELINCS 254-599-0 Uses: Flavor for beverages and gelatin desserts Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510; kosher Properties: Wh. crystalline powder; clean, cooling taste; sol. in alcohol; sol. in water (0.1%) Use Level: 5-100 ppm as consumed Walocel® CRT 30 A [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: 99.5% assay CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. builder for food Properties: Grans. or powd.; Brookfield visc. 2535 mPa·s Walocel® CRT 70 A [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: 99.5% min. CMC content CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. builder for food Properties: Grans. or powd.; Brookfield visc. 7090 mPa·s Walocel® CRT 100 A [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: 99.5% assay CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. builder for food Properties: Grans. or powd.; Brookfield visc. 110-160 mPa·s Walocel® CRT 1000 A [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: 99.5% assay CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. builder for food Properties: Grans. or powd.; Brookfield visc. 550-800 mPa·s

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Walocel® CRT 2000 A [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: 99.5% assay CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. builder for food Properties: Grans. or powd.; Brookfield visc. 1900-2800 mPa·s Walocel® CRT 10000 A [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: 99.5% assay CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. builder for food Properties: Grans. or powd.; Brookfield visc. 900-1500 mPa·s Walocel® CRT 15000 A [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. builder for food Properties: Grans. or powd.; Brookfield visc. 1900-2600 mPa·s Walocel® CRT 20000 A [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: 99.5% assay CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. builder for food Properties: Grans. or powd.; Brookfield visc. 1900-2600 mPa·s Walocel® CRT 30000 A [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Chem. Analysis: 99.5% assay CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 Uses: Visc. builder for food Properties: Grans. or powd.; Brookfield visc. 3000-4000 mPa·s Walocel® HM 15 PA [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Rheology control agent for aq. sol'n.; fat/protein replacer, water binder for 764

Part I: Trade Name Reference extruded prods., deep fat fried prods., structured potato prods., marinades, soups, sauces, dressings, bakery goods, glazes and jelly coatings, coatings for pills/tablets Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21 CFR §172.874; EU E 464 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; Brookfield visc. 12-18 mPa·s Walocel® HM 50 PA [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Rheology control agent for aq. sol'n.; fat/protein replacer, water binder for extruded prods., deep fat fried prods., structured potato prods., marinades, soups, sauces, dressings, bakery goods, glazes and jelly coatings, coatings for pills/tablets Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21 CFR §172.874; EU E 464 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; Brookfield visc. 40-60 mPa·s Walocel® HM 100 PA [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Rheology control agent for aq. sol'n.; fat/protein replacer, water binder for extruded prods., deep fat fried prods., structured potato prods., marinades, soups, sauces, dressings, bakery goods, glazes and jelly coatings, coatings for pills/tablets Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21 CFR §172.874; EU E 464 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; Brookfield visc. 80-120 mPa·s Walocel® HM 400 PA [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Rheology control agent for aq. sol'n.; fat/protein replacer, water binder for extruded prods., deep fat fried prods., structured potato prods., marinades, soups, sauces, dressings, bakery goods, glazes and jelly coatings, coatings for Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pills/tablets Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21 CFR §172.874; EU E 464 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; Brookfield visc. 320-480 mPa·s Walocel® HM 1500 PA [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Rheology control agent for aq. sol'n.; fat/protein replacer, water binder for extruded prods., deep fat fried prods., structured potato prods., marinades, soups, sauces, dressings, bakery goods, glazes and jelly coatings, coatings for pills/tablets Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21 CFR §172.874; EU E 464 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; Brookfield visc. 1200-1800 mPa·s Walocel® HM 4000 PA [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Rheology control agent for aq. sol'n.; fat/protein replacer, water binder for extruded prods., deep fat fried prods., structured potato prods., marinades, soups, sauces, dressings, bakery goods, glazes and jelly coatings, coatings for pills/tablets Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21 CFR §172.874; EU E 464 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; Brookfield visc. 3200-4800 mPa·s Walocel® HM 15000 PA [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Rheology control agent for aq. sol'n.; fat/protein replacer, water binder for extruded prods., deep fat fried prods., structured potato prods., marinades, soups, sauces, dressings, bakery goods, glazes and jelly coatings, coatings for pills/tablets Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21 CFR §172.874; EU E 464 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; Brookfield visc. 765

Part I: Trade Name Reference 12,000-18,000 mPa·s Walocel® HM 100000 PA [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Rheology control agent for aq. sol'n.; fat/protein replacer, water binder for extruded prods., deep fat fried prods., structured potato prods., marinades, soups, sauces, dressings, bakery goods, glazes and jelly coatings, coatings for pills/tablets Regulatory: Kosher; FDA 21 CFR §172.874; EU E 464 Properties: Odorless; tasteless; Brookfield visc. 80,000-120,000 mPa·s Walocel® HM 100000 PPA 2208 [Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 Uses: Emulsifier, film-former, protective colloid, suspending agent in foods Watermelon Treattarome 9724 [R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com] Chem. Descrip.: n-aldehydes, nonenols, and nonadienols Uses: Flavor for food Features: Overdosing leads to rind notes Properties: Watermelon flavor Use Level: 0.02-0.06 Waxy #1 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: starch Uses: Body/mouthfeel enhancer, suspension aid, visc. control agent for dry mix soups, sauces WECOBEE® FS [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated vegetable oil CAS 68334-28-1; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6 Uses: Cocoa butter replacement for foods (salad dressing, snack dips, confectionery coatings, dairy toppings, baked goods) Features: Exc. mold release Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.30, GRAS; kosher; Europe, Korea, Canada, Australia listed Properties: Wh. to off-wh. solid; bland odor and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

taste; sp.gr. 0.90; dens.7.5 lb/gal; m.p. 39.8 C; iodine no. 2.8; sapon. no. 244; flash pt. (PMCC) > 282 C; 0% RVOC; 100 ppm moisture Toxicology: LD50 > 5 ml/kg; nontoxic; may cause minimal eye but no skin irritation Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store in sealed containers below 32 C; avoid overheating WECOBEE® M [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated vegetable oil Chem. Analysis: 100% Hydrogenated vegetable oil CAS 68938-37-4; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6 Uses: Cocoa butter replacement for foods (coffee whiteners, whipped toppings, salad dressing, snack dips, confectionery coatings, dairy toppings, baked goods) Features: Exc. mold release Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.30, GRAS; kosher; conforms to USP/NF (hard fat); Europe, Korea, Canada, Australia listed Properties: Wh. to off-wh. soft solid; bland odor and taste; sp.gr. 0.908 (40 C); visc. 35.8 cSt (40 C); m.p. 35 C; acid no. 0.20 max.; iodine no. 1.2; sapon. value 242; flash pt. (PMCC) > 282 C; 0% RVOC; 200 ppm moisture Toxicology: LD50 > 5 ml/kg; may cause minimal eye but no skin irritation Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store in sealed containers below 32 C; avoid overheating WECOBEE® S [Stepan http://www.stepan.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated vegetable oil CAS 68334-28-1; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6 Uses: Cocoa butter replacement for foods (coffee whiteners, whipped toppings, salad dressing, snack dips, confectionery coatings, dairy toppings, baked goods) Features: Exc. mold release Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.30, 175.105, 176.210, GRAS; kosher; Europe, Canada, Australia, Philippines, Korea listed Properties: Wh. to off-wh. flakes; bland odor and taste; sp.gr. 0.90 g/ml; dens. 7.5 lb/gal; visc. 14.0 cps (150 F); m.p. 44 C; acid no. 0.20 max.; iodine no. 3; sapon. value 240; flash pt. (PMCC) > 282 C; 0% RVOC; 300 ppm moisture Toxicology: LD50 > 5 ml/kg; may cause minimal eye but no skin irritation; TSCA listed 766

Part I: Trade Name Reference Environmental: biodeg. Storage: Store in sealed containers below 32 C; avoid overheating Wheatex™ [Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat protein See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein Uses: Extender, meat substitute, water binder for chicken, beef and fish patties, chicken salad, pizza toppings, meatballs, meat loaf, chicken nuggets, ground beef, bologna, sausages, jerky, and surimi Features: Excellent fibrous structure possesses the look and texture of meat; low flavor profile with no aftertaste allows for decreased flavor usage; retorts extremely well without burn; maintains integrity better than other textured proteins Properties: Lt. cream or custom color; 10% max. moisture Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in cool, dry and sanitary conditions Wheat-Eze® [Cain Food Industries http://www.cainfood.com] Chem. Descrip.: Active fungal enzyme deriv. of Aspergillus oryzae (protease) and other edible excipients CAS 9014-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2 Uses: Dough conditioner for breads, buns, rolls, sweet goods Features: Reduces mixing requirements, improves machinability, gas retaining props., crust color, pan flow Properties: Tablet Use Level: 1/2 -2 tablets/cwt flour Storage: 6 mos. storage life under cool, dry conditions Whetpro®-75 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vital wheat gluten See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Chem. Analysis: 7-8% max. moisture, 2% max. fat CAS 8002-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-317-7 Uses: Dough conditioner, formulation aid, nutrient supplement, processing aid, stabilizer, thickener in foods incl. baked goods, cereals, pet foods, pasta, and cheese analog prods. Features: Readily forms cohesive and elastic dough, absorbing about two parts of water Regulatory: GRAS-CFR 184.1322 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Lt. tan powd.; 82% protein Whetpro®-80 [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vital wheat gluten See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Chem. Analysis: 8% max.moisture; 2% max. fat CAS 8002-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-317-7 Uses: Ingred. for foods incl. baked goods, cereals, pet foods, pasta, and cheese analog prods. Features: High protein free-flowing Properties: Lt. tan powd.; 80% protein Whetstar® 3 Food Powd. Wheat Starch [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Chem. Analysis: 7% moisture, 0.3% protein CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Uses: For sugar grinding applics. Properties: Wh. powd.; pH 6.0 White Sour 2X [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Corn flour; wheat flour; lactic acid; starch; acetic acid; silicon dioxide; monocalcium phosphate; salt; dried yeast See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Corn (Zea mays) flour; Silica; Sodium chloride; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour; Yeast, dried Uses: Flavoring agent, aroma for bread, rolls, specialty prods.; mold inhibitor for baked goods Properties: Powd. Use Level: 3-5% based on flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep containers closed when not in use White Sour [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat flour; corn flour; lactic acid; salt; dried yeast; tricalcium phosphate See Calcium phosphate tribasic; Corn (Zea mays) flour; Sodium chloride; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour; Yeast, dried Uses: Flavoring agent, aroma for bread, rolls, specialty prods.; mold inhibitor for baked goods Features: Tangy, natural fermentation flavor and aroma Properties: Powd. Use Level: 2-5% based on flour Storage: 12 mos. shelf life when stored in a cool, 767

Part I: Trade Name Reference dry location; best when used before 9 mos; keep containers closed when not in use Whole Egg Solids Type W-1 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Egg solids Uses: Ingred. for flavor and texture for cookies, layer cakes, pound cakes, pies, sweet goods, egg noodles, mayonnaise, salad dressings Features: 45% min. protein, 40% min. fat Properties: Powd.; 100% through 16 mesh; pH 8.5±0.5 Use Level: 1 lb/3 lb water to replace 4 lb liq. or frozen whole egg Storage: Store in cooler @ 40-50 F Whole Egg Solids Type W-1-FF [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated whole egg with sodium silicoaluminate Uses: Ingred. for cookies, layer cakes, pound cakes, pies, sweet goods, egg noodles, mayonnaise, salad dressings Features: Similar to W-1 with anticaking agent added to enhance free-flowing props. and aid in rehydration Whole Egg Solids Type W-2 [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated whole egg stabilized by removing natural glucose Uses: Ingred. for dry mixes which require long shelf life Whole Egg Solids Type W-2-FF [Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com] Chem. Descrip.: Dehydrated whole egg stabilized by removing natural glucose Uses: Ingred. for dry mixes which require long shelf life Features: Similar to W-2 with free-flow agent Whole Pituitary Substance [Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com] Chem. Descrip.: Vacuum-dried defatted glandular prod. Uses: Nutritive food additive Properties: Powd. or freeze-dried form Winsense™-3 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3carboxamide CAS 39711-79-0; EINECS/ELINCS 254-599-0 Uses: Cooling agent and flavoring agent in confectionery prods. Regulatory: FDA GRAS; EU Commission Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Decision 1999/217/EC Properties: Wh., wh. crystalline powd..; menthollike odor; sol. in water (< 0,1% by wt.); m.p. 189-216 F; flash pt. (TCC) > 212 F; 99.4% Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 5300 mg/kg; may cause mild eye irritation; not a skin irritant; nonmutagenic; not a teratogen Environmental: nonozone depleting Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, and apron when handling; avoid excessive exposure strong acids and bases,air, and heat HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container Winsense™ Extra 400 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3carboxamide, Menthyl lactate, and N,2,3Trimethyl-2-isopropylbutamide Chem. Analysis: 100% volatiles by wt. CAS 39711-79-0; 59259-38-0; 51115-67-4; EINECS/ELINCS 254-599-0; 261-678-3; 256974-4 Uses: Cooling agent and flavoring agent in alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages, confectionery, dairy prods., bakery goods Features: Enhanced sensory experience Regulatory: FDA GRAS; EU Commission Decision 1999/217/EC Properties: Liq.; faint, fruity odor; sp.gr. 0.893; sol. in water (7% by wt.); b.p. 519.9 F; flash pt. (TCC) > 200 F; pH 4.36 Toxicology: May cause mild eye irritation Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, and apron when handling; avoid excessive exposure strong acids and bases,air, and heat Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, NOx, and acrid fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container Winsense™ Extra 500 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3carboxamide, Menthyl lactate, and N,2,3Trimethyl-2-isopropylbutamide Chem. Analysis: 100% volatiles by wt. CAS 39711-79-0; 59259-38-0; 51115-67-4; EINECS/ELINCS 254-599-0; 261-678-3; 256974-4 Uses: Cooling agent and flavoring agent in alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages, 768

Part I: Trade Name Reference confectionery, dairy prods., bakery goods Features: Enhanced sensory experience Regulatory: FDA GRAS; EU Commission Decision 1999/217/EC Properties: Cl. colorless liq.; faint, fruity odor; sp.gr. 0.9490; sol. in water (7% by wt.); b.p. 515.1 F; flash pt. (TCC) > 212 F; ref. index 1.489 (20 C) Toxicology: May cause eye irritation Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, and apron when handling; avoid excessive exposure strong acids and bases,air, and heat Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, NOx, and acrid fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container WinSense WS-23 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: N,2,3-Trimethyl-2isopropylbutamide CAS 51115-67-4; EINECS/ELINCS 256-974-4 Uses: Flavoring agent, cooling agent in confectionery prods. Features: No side effects such as burning, stinging, or tingling sensations Regulatory: DOT: Chemicals n.o.i. Properties: Wh. powd.; menthol-type odor; sol. in water (7.0 g/l); vapor pressure 0.004 mm Hg; m.p. 62-64 C;b.p. 252 C; flash pt. (TCC) > 212 F; 99% min. purity Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 500-1000 mg/kg; not a skin irritant; irritating to eyes; no evidence of contact hypersensitivity; harmful by inh. and if swallowed; nonmutagenic (Ames test) Environmental: no environmental exposure controls required under Community environmental protection laws; SARA Title III Section 311/312 Precaution: Avoid contact with strong acids, strong bases, and materials that react with organic amines Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx, acrid fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Do not store in close proximity to excessive heat, open flames, strong acids or strong bases; keep container tightly closed when not in use; exposure to air causes degradation Witafrol® 7420 [Sasol Germany Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Caprylic/capric glycerides CAS 85409-09-2; EINECS/ELINCS 287-075-5 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant, plasticizer, lubricant, consistency regulator, refatting agent, penetrant, carrier, adsorp. promoter for nutritional applics.; antifoam for prod. of sweets, preserves, jams, potato prods., and flavorings Properties: Sl. ylsh. oil; sol. in water/ethanol (50/50), acetone; sol. cloudy in ether, heptane; dens. 1.02 kg/dm3; visc. 190 mPa·s; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 230-260; flash pt. > 180 C; nonionic; 40-42% monoglycerides Witafrol® 7456 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fatty acid ester of polyalcohols Uses: Antifoam for processing of dairy prods. Features: Pronounced/spontaneous retardation effect on foam formation caused by proteins Properties: Liq.; dens. 1.04 kg/dm3; visc. 220 mPa·s; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-60; flash pt. > 180 C Witafrol® 7480 N [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Fatty acid ester of polyalcohols Uses: Defoamer, antifoam for sugar beet processing, dairy industries, jams, fruit flavors/juices, seasonings, other foods Properties: Liq.; dens. 0.98 kg/dm3; visc. 80 mPa·s; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 175-195; flash pt. > 180 C Witarix® 200 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Coconut/palm kernel oil triglyceride 769

Part I: Trade Name Reference Uses: Hard fat for foods Features: Well-balanced consistency and melting chars. Properties: Block; m.p. 33-35 C; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 235-250 Witarix® 212 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated palm kernel oil CAS 68990-82-9; EINECS/ELINCS 273-627-2 Uses: Hard fat for chocolate, confectionery prods. Features: Soft consistency, good temp. stability Properties: Block; m.p. 36-38 C; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 240-255 Witarix® 440 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated soybean oil CAS 8016-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-410-2 Uses: Soft fat, filling fat for fillings, chocolate and confectionery prods. Features: Soft consistency Properties: Block; m.p. 35-37 C; acid no. 0.2 max.; iodine no. 70; sapon. no. 190 Witocan® 42/44 [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated cocoglycerides Uses: Hard fat for prod. of food articles with good temp. stability Features: High melting Regulatory: USP, Ph.Eur. Properties: Block, pellets; m.p. 42-44 C; acid no. 0.3 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 220230; hydroxyl value 15 max. Witocan 42/44 [Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrogenated coconut oil CAS 84836-98-6; EINECS/ELINCS 284-283-8 Uses: Raw material for foods Witocan® H [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Coconut/palm kernel oil triglyceride Uses: Hard fat for foods, esp. for prod. of solid and hollow articles Properties: Block, pellets; m.p. 33-35 C; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 235245 Witocan® HS [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Coconut/palm kernel oil triglyceride Uses: Hard fat esp. for thin coatings Features: Exc. consistency and melting chars. Properties: Block, pellets; m.p. 33-35 C; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 235245 Witocan® P [Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasololefinssurfactants.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com] Chem. Descrip.: Coconut/palm kernel oil triglyceride Uses: Hard fat for a wide range of food applics. Features: Pleasant melting props. in the mouth Properties: Block, pellets; m.p. 34-36 C; acid no. 0.1 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 235245 WNA [Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com] Chem. Descrip.: Modified food starch derived from modified waxy maize See Food starch, modified Uses: Bodying agent, stabilizer, texturizer for salad dressings, HTST processed aseptically canned foods such as puddings, sauces, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 nonreportable Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd., starch odor; m.w. > 10,000; sp.gr. 1.5; pH 6.5 (1%); ≈ 11% moisture Toxicology: TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; particulates may scratch eye surfaces and cause mech. irritation; low toxicity to skin and by ing.; TSCA listed 770

Part I: Trade Name Reference Precaution: Potential for dust explosion; sensitive to static elec.; minimize dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2, N Storage: Store @ ambient temps. Worcestershire Sauce Powd. 4200 [Nikken Foods Co. Ltd. http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: spray-dried blend of nat. ingreds. Uses: Flavoring agent for food WS-3 [Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com] Chem. Descrip.: Cyclohexanecarboxamide, Nethyl-5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)- See NEthyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide CAS 39711-79-0; EINECS/ELINCS 254-599-0 Uses: Cooling agent for confectionery prods. Regulatory: DOT: Chemicals n.o.i. Properties: Wh. cryst.; sl. mentol-like odor; >0.1% sol. in water; 100% sol. in alcohol; 0.1% max. sol. in water; m.p. 87-102 C; flash pt. (TCC) 212 F; pH 6.1; nonmutagenic (Ames test); 99% min. purity Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 3000 mg/kg; similar menthane derivs. have caused temporary local anesthetic action on the eye Environmental: SARA Title III Section 311/312 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx, acrid fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Do not store near excessive heat, open flames, strong acids or bases; avoid exposure to air; keep in tightly closed containers WS-23 [Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodiappa.com/ppa/home.jsp] Chem. Descrip.: N,2,3-Trimethyl-2isopropylbutamide CAS 51115-67-4; EINECS/ELINCS 256-974-4 Uses: Flavoring agent for food; provides a delayed and prolonged cooling effect Regulatory: FEMA; kosher Properties: Powd. WS-23, Artificial [Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net] Chem. Descrip.: N,2,3-Trimethyl-2isopropylbutamide CAS 51115-67-4; EINECS/ELINCS 256-974-4 Uses: Flavor for food, beverages, and confectionery Regulatory: FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510; kosher Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. to off-wh. crystalline powder; cool taste; sol. in alcohol, oil, PG Use Level: 1-10 ppm Wundrol 100 [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable oil-based Uses: Divider and dough transfer lubricant for large scale, fully automated bakeries Features: High efficiency; high stability; edible; contains no min. hydrocarbons (wh. oils) Wundrol Super [Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk] Chem. Descrip.: Vegetable oil-based Uses: Lubricant for lighter usage divider operations, e.g., in-store and craft bakeries; min. oil replacement Features: Edible; contains no min. hydrocarbons (wh. oils) Xpando [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides, mono- and diglycerides See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for foods, icings; dough strengthener for yeast-raised bakery prods. Properties: Votated cream-colored plastic; c.m.p. 125-135 F; iodine no. 14-18; 24-28% mono Xpando 70 [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Ethoxylated monodiglycerides, mono-diglycerides See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Dough strengthener for yeast-raised bakery prods. and mixes Properties: Votated cream-colored plastic; c.m.p. 110-120 F; i.v. 15-20; 16-18% mono Xpando Powder [Caravan Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Ethoxylated monodiglycerides, mono-diglycerides See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier for yeast-raised bakery prods. and mixes Properties: Wh. beads; c.m.p. 128-135 F; iodine no. 2 max.; 28-31% mono X-Pand'R® [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized food starch modified (waxy corn starch) See Food 771

Part I: Trade Name Reference starch, modified Uses: Provides cohesiveness for extruded snack foods; expanding agent for snacks which are baked or fried; carrier for cereal flours, cheese/veg. powds., peanut butter, soy protein, etc.; visc. control agent for bakery, snacks Features: Forms pliable nonsticking doughs for cold processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Properties: Wh. powd., bland flavor; 95% through 100 mesh, 75% through 200 mesh; pH 6.0; 5% moisture X-Pand'R® 612 [Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com] Chem. Descrip.: Pregelatinized waxy starch Uses: Dough binding agent, texturizer, extrusion tolerance aid, visc. control agent in bakery, snacks Xylitab® 100 [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xylitol (95% min.) with polydextrose (3.5% max.) as binder Uses: Nutritive sweetener for foods Features: Stable to air and heat Regulatory: USP/NF, Ph. Eur, JP, FCC Properties: Wh. cryst. gran.; pract. odorless; very sweet, cool taste; highly sol. in water; pract. insol. in most org. solvs.; bulk dens. 0.50.7 g/ml; 0.5% max. moisture Toxicology: Relatively nontoxic by ing.; may cause skin/eye irritation; prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause respiratory irritation; excessive consumption can cause laxation Precaution: Sl. fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; may burn but does not ignite readily; dust-air mixts. may ignite or explode; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, excessive heat, sparks, flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may release toxic/hazardous gases, CO, CO2, furfural Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored in original sealed pkg. below 25 C and < 65% r.h.; marginally hygroscopic Xylitab® 200 [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xylitol (96.5% min.) with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (2% max.) as binder See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Nutritive sweetener for foods Features: Stable to air and heat Regulatory: USP/NF, Ph. Eur, JP, FCC Properties: Wh. cryst. gran.; pract. odorless; very sweet, cool taste; highly sol. in water; pract. insol. in most org. solvs.; bulk dens. 0.50.7 g/ml; 0.5% max. moisture Toxicology: Relatively nontoxic by ing.; may cause skin/eye irritation; prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause respiratory irritation; excessive consumption can cause laxation Precaution: Sl. fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; may burn but does not ignite readily; dust-air mixts. may ignite or explode; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, excessive heat, sparks, flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may release toxic/hazardous gases, CO, CO2, furfural Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored in original sealed pkg. below 25 C and < 65% r.h.; marginally hygroscopic Xylitab® 300 [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xylitol (98.5-101%) CAS 87-99-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-788-0 Uses: Nutritive sweetener for foods Features: Stable to air and heat Regulatory: USP/NF, Ph. Eur, JP, FCC Properties: Wh. cryst. gran.; pract. odorless; very sweet, cool taste; highly sol. in water; pract. insol. in most org. solvs.; bulk dens. 0.40.7 g/ml; 0.5% max. moisture Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 22 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 22,100 mg/kg; relatively nontoxic by ing.; may cause skin/eye irritation; prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause respiratory irritation; excessive consumption can cause laxation Precaution: Sl. fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; may burn but does not ignite readily; dust-air mixts. may ignite or explode; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, excessive heat, sparks, flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may release toxic/hazardous gases, CO, CO2, furfural Storage: 3 mos. shelf life when stored in original sealed pkg. below 25 C and < 65% r.h.; marginally hygroscopic Xylitol CFP [Danisco Sweeteners 772

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xylitol (96.5% min.) CAS 87-99-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-788-0 Uses: Sweetener, cooling agent, flavor enhancer, bulking agent in sugar-free chewing gum, dietietic prods., and confections Regulatory: FCC, USP, NF, Ph.Eur. Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; pract. odorless; very sweet Xylitol CG [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: Xylitol (96.5% min.) CAS 87-99-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-788-0 Uses: Sweetener for foods Features: Food grade; stable to air and heat Regulatory: FCC, USP, NF, Ph.Eur. Properties: Wh. cryst. gran.; pract. odorless; very sweet, cool taste; highly sol. in water; pract. insol. in most org. solvs.; bulk dens. 0.50.7g/ml; 96.5% assay Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 22 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 3770 mg/kg; relatively nontoxic by ing.; may cause skin/eye irritation; prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause respiratory irritation; excessive consumption may cause laxation Precaution: Sl. fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; may burn but does not ignite readily; dust-air mixts. may ignite or explode; avoid contact with strong oxidizers, excessive heat, open flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may release toxic/hazardous gases Storage: 3 yr. shelf life when stored in original sealed pkg. below 25 C and < 65% r.h.; marginally hygroscopic D-Xylose CL [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: D-Xylose See D(+)-Xylose CAS 58-86-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-400-7 Uses: Sweetener for foods Features: Stable to heat and air; nonflamm. Regulatory: DOT nonhazardous; FEMA GRAS Properties: Off-wh. to wh. fine cryst. powd.; odorless; sweet taste, no discernible aftertaste; very sol. in water (≈ 117 g/100 ml @ 20 C); m.w. 150.13; dens. 1.52 g/ml (20 C); m.p. 156-158 C; pH 3-6 (10%); 98.5-101% assay; 0.5% max. moisture Toxicology: May cause skin/eye irritation; prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

respiratory irritation, sneezing, coughing; ing. may cause intestinal bloating, cramping, nausea, diarrhea Environmental: environmental damage is not anticipated under normal conditions of use Precaution: Dust may form explosive mixt. in air; avoid strong oxidizers, heat, moisture Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Under fire conditions or thermal decomp., may emit toxic fumes of CO, CO2; none formed on contact with water Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in original sealed pkg. below 25 C and < 65% r.h.; marginally hygroscopic D-Xylose CT [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: D-Xylose See D(+)-Xylose CAS 58-86-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-400-7 Uses: Sweetener for foods Features: Stable to heat and air; nonflamm. Regulatory: DOT nonhazardous; FEMA GRAS Properties: Off-wh. to wh. fine cryst. powd.; odorless; sweet taste, no discernible aftertaste; very sol. in water (≈ 117 g/100 ml @ 20 C); m.w. 150.13; dens. 1.52 g/ml (20 C); m.p. 156-158 C; pH 3-6 (10%); 98.5-101% assay; 0.5% max. moisture Toxicology: May cause skin/eye irritation; prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause respiratory irritation, sneezing, coughing; ing. may cause intestinal bloating, cramping, nausea, diarrhea Environmental: environmental damage is not anticipated under normal conditions of use Precaution: Dust may form explosive mixt. in air; avoid strong oxidizers, heat, moisture Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Under fire conditions or thermal decomp., may emit toxic fumes of CO, CO2; none formed on contact with water Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in original sealed pkg. below 25 C and < 65% r.h.; marginally hygroscopic D-Xylose CTR [Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com] Chem. Descrip.: D-Xylose See D(+)-Xylose CAS 58-86-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-400-7 Uses: Sweetener for foods Features: Stable to heat and air; nonflamm. Regulatory: DOT nonhazardous; FEMA GRAS Properties: Off-wh. to wh. fine cryst. powd.; odorless; sweet taste, no discernible 773

Part I: Trade Name Reference aftertaste; very sol. in water (≈ 117 g/100 ml @ 20 C); m.w. 150.13; dens. 1.52 g/ml (20 C); m.p. 156-158 C; pH 3-6 (10%); 98.5-101% assay; 0.5% max. moisture Toxicology: May cause skin/eye irritation; prolonged inh. (nuisance particle) may cause respiratory irritation, sneezing, coughing; ing. may cause intestinal bloating, cramping, nausea, diarrhea Environmental: environmental damage is not anticipated under normal conditions of use Precaution: Dust may form explosive mixt. in air; avoid strong oxidizers, heat, moisture Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Under fire conditions or thermal decomp., may emit toxic fumes of CO, CO2; none formed on contact with water Storage: 1 yr. shelf life when stored in original sealed pkg. below 25 C and < 65% r.h.; marginally hygroscopic Yelkin® 1018 [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Hydroxylated soya lecithin See Hydroxylated lecithin CAS 8029-76-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-440-6 Uses: Emulsifier for baked goods, whipped/dry toppings, instant dry beverage mixes, dairy prods., instant foods, release agents, confections Properties: Translucent turbid fluid; visc. 100 stokes; HLB 9.0; acid no. 38 max.; 1% max. water Yelkin® DS [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Standardized soya lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier for drink mixes, candies, animal feeds, pet foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400 GRAS; E322 compliance; kosher Properties: Translucent fluid; visc. 65-85 stokes; HLB 4.0; acid no. 30 max.; 1% max. water Storage: 18 mos. min. shelf life when stored unopened in original pkg.; store below 35 C; avoid excessive exposure to light and moisture Yelkin® Gold [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Purified soya lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier for instantized foods, liq. emulsions, infant formulas, baked goods, confections, instant beverage mixes, dairy Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

prods. Properties: Transparent fluid; visc. 60 stokes; HLB 4.0; acid no. 30 max.; 0.5% max. water Yelkin® SS [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Standardized soya lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Dough conditioner, pan lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400 GRAS; E322 compliance; kosher Properties: Translucent fluid; visc. 65-85 stokes; HLB 4.0; acid no. 30 max.; 1% max. water Storage: 18 mos. min. shelf life when stored unopened in original pkg.; store below 35 C; avoid excessive exposure to light and moisture Yelkin® T [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Standardized soya lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier for candies, margarine, baked goods, icings, frostings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400 GRAS; E322 compliance; kosher Properties: Opaque plastic; HLB 4.0; acid no. 25 max.; 1% max. water Storage: 18 mos. min. shelf life when stored unopened in original pkg.; store below 35 C; avoid excessive exposure to light and moisture Yelkin® TS [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Standardized soya lecithin CAS 8030-76-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier for chocolate, frosting, baked goods, icings, margarine Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1400 GRAS; E322 compliance; kosher Properties: Brn. to yel. visc. fluid; bland odor and flavor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 1.05; visc. 65-85 stokes; HLB 4.0; acid no. 30 max.; 1% max. water Toxicology: Approved for human consumption; sl. irritation may occur on direct eye contact; extremely low volatility makes inh. exposure unlikely; avoid if sensitive to soy prods. Storage: 18 mos. min. shelf life when stored unopened in original pkg.; store below 35 C; avoid excessive exposure to light and moisture Yelkinol® G [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled lecithin 774

Part I: Trade Name Reference CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, dietary supplement for foods, sauces, gravies, nondairy creamers, cake mixes, drink mixes, feeds Properties: Lt. gold gran.; HLB 7.0; 1% max. water Yelkinol® P [ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Deoiled lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, dietary supplement for foods, sauces, gravies, nondairy creamers, cake mixes, drink mixes, feeds Properties: Lt. gold powd.; HLB 7.0; 1% max. water Yellow Blend No. 3300 Powd. [ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com] Chem. Descrip.: Wheat starch, soybean oil, vegetable color extracted from annatto and turmeric See Annatto (Bixa orellana); Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Turmeric (Curcuma longa); Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Uses: Colorant for baked goods, dry mixes, sauces Features: Natural colorant derived from pure veg. pigments; alternative to FD&C Yel. No. 5; more intense yel. than Yellow Blend No. 3100 Properties: Yel. powd.; 97% through 120 mesh; bland taste; fat-sol.; 10-14% moisture; 10% fat Use Level: 0.1-0.5% Storage: 12 mos. shelf life stored in original unopened container, best when used before 9 mos; store @ R.T. (65-75 F); avoid direct exposure to light; keep containers well closed when not in use Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) [Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com] Chem. Descrip.: Yucca schidigera extract Chem. Analysis: Moisture 10% max.; ash 3.0% max.; fat 1.0% max.; protein 1.0% max.; fiber 1.0% max.; carbohydrates 90% max.; arsenic 2 ppm max.; heavy metals 20 ppm max. Uses: Natural flavoring agent, foaming agent in foods, beers, frozen carbonated beverages, foamy bar mixes, wine coolers, schnapps, root beer, barley drinks, feeds Features: No preservatives Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; organic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

certified food Properties: Tan to brn. powd.; mild, sweet, caramel-like odor; bittersweet taste; easily diluted; 100% through US 50 mesh; pH 3.5-4.5 Storage: 2 yr. min. shelf life; keep packages tightly sealed protect from exposure to moisture Zeofree® 80 [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Silica, amorphous (96-99%) and sodium sulfate (0.1-4%) Chem. Analysis: Moisture 3-7% CAS 112926-00-8; 7757-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4; 231-820-9 Uses: Defoamer; carrier; anticaking agent, free-flow aid for powd. detergents; flow aid for food Properties: Powd.; 6.0 µ avg. particle size; bulk dens. 9 lbs/ft3; m.p. ≈ 1700 C; surf. area 140 m2/g; oil absorp. 190 cc/100 g; pH 6-8 (5% water suspension) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2000 mg/kg; dust may irritate the respiratory system; does not cause sensitization; TSCA listed Environmental: EC50 (fish) > 10000 mg/l, (Daphnia )> 10000 mg/l; biodegradable; inert Precaution: Avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a dry area Zeofree® 5162 [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Silica, amorphous (96-99%) and sodium sulfate (0.1-4%) CAS 112926-00-8; 7757-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4; 231-820-9 Uses: Flow aid for food Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; insol. in water; dens. 2.0 g/cc; m.p. ≈ 1700 C; pH 6-8 (5% water suspension) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2000 mg/kg; dust may irritate the respiratory system; does not cause sensitization; TSCA listed Environmental: EC50 (fish) > 10000 mg/l, (Daphnia )> 10000 mg/l; biodegradable; inert Precaution: Avoid dust formation; wear safety glasses with side shields, protective 775

Part I: Trade Name Reference clothing, and impervious gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a dry area Zeolex® 7 [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium silicoaluminate See Sodium sulfate Chem. Analysis: Moisture 3-8% CAS 1344-00-9; 7757-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-684-8; 231-820-9 Uses: Flow aid for food Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR food additive approval Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; 6 µ avg. particle size; bulk dens. 17 lbs/ft3; m.p. ≈ 1700 C;surf. area 115 m2/g; oil absorp. 115 cc/100 g; pH 6.5-7.5 (5% water suspension); noncombustible Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2000 mg/kg; nonirritating to eyes; may dry skin and mucous membranes; does not cause sensitization; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Environmental: not harmful to aquatic life; not degradable; inert Precaution: Dust can cause irritation to the respiratory system Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a dry place Zeolex® 7A [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium silicoaluminate CAS 1344-00-9; EINECS/ELINCS 215-684-8 Uses: Flow aid for food Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR food additive approval Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; 12 µ avg. particle size; dens. 1.9 g.cm3; m.p. ≈ 1700 C; pH 6.5-7.5 (5% water suspension); noncombustible Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2000 mg/kg; nonirritating to eyes; may dry skin and mucous membranes; does not cause sensitization; noncarcinogenic Environmental: not harmful to aquatic life; not degradable; inert Precaution: Dust can cause irritation to the respiratory system Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a dry place Zeolex® 23A [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Sodium silicoaluminate See Sodium sulfate Chem. Analysis: Moisture 4.5-8.0% CAS 1344-00-9; 7757-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-684-8; 231-820-9 Uses: Flow aid for food Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR food additive approval Properties: Wh., odorless powd.; 8 µ avg. particle size; bulk dens. 18 lbs/ft3; m.p. ≈ 1700 C;surf. 73 m2/g; oil absorp. 120 cc/100 g; pH 10.2 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2000 mg/kg; nonirritating to eyes; may dry skin and mucous membranes; does not cause sensitization; noncarcinogenic; TSCA listed Environmental: not harmful to aquatic life; not degradable; inert Precaution: Dust can cause irritation to the respiratory system Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a dry place Zeolex® 201 [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: syn. sodium aluminosilicate (95-99%) and sodium sulfate See Sodium silicoaluminate Chem. Analysis: Moisture 4.5-8.0% CAS 1344-00-9; 7757-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-684-8; 231-820-9 Uses: Flow aid for food Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR food additive approval Properties: Wh., odorless powd.; 15 µm avg. particle size; insol. in water; bulk dens. 18 lbs/ft3; m.p. ≈ 1700 C; surf. area 75 m2/g; oil absorp. 115 cc/100 g; pH 10; noncombustible Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2000 mg/kg; nonirritating to eyes; may dry skin and mucous membranes; does not cause sensitization; TSCA listed Environmental: not harmful to aquatic life; not degradable; inert Precaution: Dust can cause mechanical irritation to eyes; wear safety glasses with 776

Part I: Trade Name Reference side shields Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a dry place Zeolex® 5161 [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: syn. silicon dioxide See Novaculite Uses: Flow aid for food Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR food additive approval Properties: Powd.; 27 µm avg. particle size; bulk dens. 14 lbs/ft3; surf. area 160 m2/g; oil absorp. 220 cc/100 g; pH 7.0 Zeolex® 5162 [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: syn. silicon dioxide See Novaculite Uses: Flow aid for food Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR food additive approval Properties: Powd.; 19 µm avg. particle size; bulk dens. 9 lbs/ft3; surf. area 160 m2/g; oil absorp. 220 cc/100 g; pH 7.0 Zeon® Extra Green [Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp] Chem. Descrip.: Cis-3-hexen-1-ol See 3Hexenol CAS 928-96-1; EINECS/ELINCS 213-192-8 Uses: Fragrance and flavoring agent in fruity flavors and green tea flavors Features: Refreshing top note of delicate floral fragrances such as muguet and lilac Regulatory: GRAS Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; fresh, intensely grn. grassy odor; m.w. 100.2 Toxicology: TSCA listed Zeosyl® 110SD [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated silica See Silica, hydrated Chem. Analysis: Moisture 3-7% CAS 1343-98-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-683-2 Uses: Carrier; reinforcing agent; flow aid for food Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR food additive approval Properties: Powd.; 40 µm avg. particle size; bulk dens. 9 lbs/ft3; surf. area 140 m2/g; oil absorp. 190 cc/100 g; pH 7.0 Zeosyl® 200 [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Hydrated silica (96-99%) and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sodium sulfate (0.1-4%) See Silica, amorphous hydrated CAS 112926-00-8; 7757-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-683-2 Uses: Flow aid for food Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §160.105, 160.185, 172.230, 172.480, 173.340, 175.105, 175.390, 176.170, 177.2250, 177.2420, 182.90, 573.940, 584.700; kosher; DOT not regulated; CERCLA nonreportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China IECSC; Europe EINECS; Japan ENCS (1-548; 1-501); Korea KECI (KE31032; KE-31609); Philippines PICCS Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; 10 µm avg. particle size; insol. in water; dens. 2.0; m.p. ≈ 1700 C; surf. area 250 m2/g; oil absorp. 200 cc/100 g; pH 7.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2 g/kg; dust may cause mechanical eye irritation Environmental: EC50 (fish) > 10 g/l, (daphnia) > 10 g/l; not considered harmful to aquatic life Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields, protective clothing, impervious gloves; avoid dust formation NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area in closed container; protect from physical damage Zeothix® 265 [Huber Engineered Materials http://www.hubermaterials.com/] Chem. Descrip.: Precipitated amorphous silica (96-99%) and sodium silicate (0.1-4%) See Silica, amorphous; Sodium sulfate CAS 112926-00-8; 7757-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4; 231-820-9 Uses: Thickener, rheology control agent, thixotrope in food Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR food additive approval; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; China IECSC; Europe EINECS; Japan ENCS (1-548; 1-501); Korea KECI (KE-31032; KE-31609); Philippines PICCS Properties: Wh. powd.; 1.7 µ avg. particle size; odorless; fineness (Hegman) 7.0; insol. in water; dens. 2.0 g/ml; bulk dens. 17 lb/gal; m.p. ≈ 1700 C; surf. area 260 m2/g; oil absorp. 220 cc/100 g; ref. index 1.46; pH 7.0 (5%) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2 g/kg; dust may irritate respiratory system; ing. may cause discomfort; TSCA listed 777

Part I: Trade Name Reference Environmental: EC50 (fish) > 10 g/l, (daphnia) > 10 g/l Precaution: Wear safety glasses with side shields, protective clothing, impervious gloves; avoid dust formation NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in dry area in closed container at ambient temps.; protect from physical damage Zinc Oxide 66 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Zinc oxide USP Chem. Analysis: ZnO (99.0-100.5%) CAS 1314-13-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-222-5 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: USP, DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 reportable Properties: Wh. powd.; 99.5% through 325 mesh, 100% through 200 mesh; odorless; sol. 0.00016 g/cc in water; sp.gr. 5.61; dens. 62-68 lb/ft3 (tapped), 24-30 lb/ft3 (loose); oil absorp. 14-18; dry brightness 97-100; m.p. 3587 F; nonflamm.; pH 6.8-7.8; 0% volatiles Toxicology: ACGIH TWA (8 h) 10 mg/m3; inh. may cause metallic taste, cough, dizziness, fever, chills, headache, nausea; overexposure may produce metal fume fever; skin/eye irritant; chronic exposure may cause respiratory irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts violently with magnesium when heated resulting in explosion; mixts. with chlorinated rubber explode when heated above 215 C Hazardous Ingredients: Zinc oxide (99.9%); lead (0.0025%); cadmium (0.005%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None; toxic fumes are produced in fire HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; keep containers tightly closed; handle in wellventilated areas only Zinc Oxide 6601 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Zinc oxide USP Chem. Analysis: ZnO (99.0-100.5%) CAS 1314-13-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-222-5 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: USP, DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 reportable Properties: Wh. powd.; 0.12 µ avg. particle size; 99.9% through 325 mesh, 100% through 200 mesh; odorless; sol. 0.00016 g/cc in water; sp.gr. 5.60; dens. 30 lb/ft3 (tapped); surf. area Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

9.0 m2/g; oil absorp. 14-18; dry brightness 97100; m.p. 3587 F; nonflamm.; pH 6.8-7.8; 0% volatiles Toxicology: ACGIH TWA (8 h) 10 mg/m3; inh. may cause metallic taste, cough, dizziness, fever, chills, headache, nausea; overexposure may produce metal fume fever; skin/eye irritant; chronic exposure may cause respiratory irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts violently with magnesium when heated resulting in explosion; mixts. with chlorinated rubber explode when heated above 215 C Hazardous Ingredients: Zinc oxide (99.9%); lead (0.0025%); cadmium (0.005%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None; toxic fumes are produced in fire HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; keep containers tightly closed; handle in wellventilated areas only Zinc Oxide 6605 [Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com] Chem. Descrip.: Zinc oxide USP Chem. Analysis: ZnO (99.9%) CAS 1314-13-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-222-5 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: USP, FCC, BP, EP, JP, DOT nonregulated; SARA §313 reportable Properties: Wh. odorless powd.; 99.9% through 325 mesh; sol. 0.00016 g/cc in water; sp.gr. 5.61; dens. 30.0 lb/ft3 (apparent); m.p. 3587 F; nonflamm.; 0.20 max. moisture Toxicology: ACGIH TWA (8 h) 10 mg/m3; inh. may cause metallic taste, cough, dizziness, fever, chills, headache, nausea; overexposure may produce metal fume fever; skin/eye irritant; chronic exposure may cause respiratory irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts violently with magnesium when heated resulting in explosion; mixts. with chlorinated rubber explode when heated above 215 C Hazardous Ingredients: Zinc oxide (99.9%); lead (0.0025%); cadmium (0.005%) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None; toxic fumes are produced in fire HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; keep containers tightly closed; handle in wellventilated areas only Zinc Oxide CR-4 [G.H. Chems. Ltd 778

Part I: Trade Name Reference http://www.ghchemicals.com/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com] Chem. Descrip.: Zinc oxide CAS 1314-13-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-222-5 Uses: Nutrient for human consumption Regulatory: DOT nonregulated Properties: Wh. fine powd.; odorless; sol. 1.6 mg in water (29 C); sol. in ammonia, ammonium chloride, diluted acetic acid, or min. acids and strong bases; insol. in alcohol, ether, diluted sulfuric acid; m.w. 81.37; sp.gr. 5.6; m.p. 1975 C; pH 6 Toxicology: May irritate eyes; no skin irritation with short exposure; toxic by absorp. through peritoneum; inh. of fumes may cause fume fever Precaution: Incompat. with chlorinated rubber, flax oil, magnesium, and strong bases and acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: When heated can produce toxic fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store covered in cool, dry, wellventilated area Zymafilt® L-300 [Deerland Enzymes http://www.deerland-enzymes.com] Chem. Descrip.: Bacterial β-glucanase of Bacillus subtilis var. See β-Glucanase from Bacillus subtilis Uses: Reduces viscosity of aq. sol'ns. of beta-glucans, increasing filtration rates, reducing stickiness, foam and other handling problems in processing cereals Features: Food-grade; no activators or cofactors needed Properties: Wh. to lt. tan amorphous dry powd., free of offensive odor and taste; readily watersol. Use Level: 0.1-0.5% based on the weight of unmalted cereal Storage: Activity loss < 10% in 6 mos. stored in sealed containers under cool, dry conditions; 5 C storage extends life

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Part II: Chemical Component CrossReference AA. See Adipic acid AA/AM. See Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer ABFA. See Azodicarbonamide Abies alba; Abies alba needles and twigs. See Silver fir (Abies alba) needles and twigs Abies balsamea; Abies balsamea balsam; Abies balsamea oleoresin. See Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea) Abies sibirica; Abies sibirica needle oil. See Fir (Abies sibirica) needle oil Abies sibirica needles and twigs. See Fir (Abies sibirica) needles and twigs Abies sibirica oil. See Fir (Abies sibirica) needle oil Absinthe oil. See Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil Absinthium. See Artemisia absinthium Absinthium oil. See Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil Absolute alcohol; Absolute ethanol. See Alcohol Acacia CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 FEMA 2001; INS414; E414 Synonyms: Acacia farnesiana; Acacia gum; Acacia senegal; Acacia syrup; Arabic gum; Australian gum; Gum Arabic; Gum hashab; Gum ovaline; Gum senegal; Indian gum; Kordofan gum; Senegal gum; Sudan gum Classification: Water-sol. gum Definition: Dried gummy exudate from stems and branches of Acacia farnesiana or A. senegal Properties: Ylsh.-wh. angular fragments, odorless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 240,000 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 18 g/kg; very low toxicity by ing.; inh. or ing. may produce hives, eczema, angioedema, asthma; allergic responses; people prone to allergies should avoid acacia; severe eye irritant; experimental reproductive effects; mutation data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, flavoring agent, adjuvant, formulation aid, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

humectant, surface-finishing agent, firming agent, processing aid, foam stabilizer, texturizer, crystallization inhibitor in foods; thickener, stabilizer for soft drinks, cake mixes, confectionery; mfg. of spray-dried flavors; suspending agent in syrups; dietary fiber Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.179, 169.182, 172.230, 172.510, 184.1330, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; ADI not specified (JECFA); USP/NF, EP, BP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AEP Colloids http://www.aepcolloids.com; Agrisales Ltd http://www.agriproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alfred L. Wolff Inc http://www.alwolff.com; Alland & Robert http://www.allandetrobert.fr; Arthur Branwell http://www.branwell.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Brenntag Southeast Brenntag Specialties; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com; Colloides Naturels Int'l. http://www.cniworld.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Functional Foods

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.functionalfoods.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Gumix Int'l.; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Ikeda http://www.ikedabussan.com; Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/ Integra http://www.integrachem.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; Lucid Colloids http://www.lucidgroup.com/ Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; NB Entrepreneurs http://www.nbent.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com; PureWorld Botanicals http://www.pureworld.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King; TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: EFICACIA™; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Gum Arabic CSP Spray Dried; Gum Arabic G-150 Powdered

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Gum Arabic NF/FCC Clean Amber Sorts; Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic; Nutriloid® Gum Arabic; Oenogum™ S FiltraClear; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Premium Granular Gum Arabic; Premium Powdered Gum Arabic; Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic; Spray Dried Gum Arabic NF/FCC CS-R Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A230 NF Extra; TIC Pretested® Arabic FT-1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Arabic PH SD; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic FCC/NF Powder TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic NF/USP Powder; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic Pre-Hydrated®; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Pre-Hydrated® TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry NF/USP Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic White 3871 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Arabic Spray Dry Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticamulsion® A-2010; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. Trade Names Containing: Beta Carotene 1% CWS; Covitol® 700; Covitol® 700 WD; Dry Vitamin D3 Type 100 SD; Merecol® FAL TIC Pretested® Aragum® 1067-T SS Powder; TIC Pretested® Aragum® 3173 Powder; TIC Pretested® Aragum® 9000 M Powder; TIC Pretested® Aragum® T-1998 Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S1 No Fat Powder TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S2 No Fat Powd.; Viscarin® JC 1270 Acacia catechu; Acacia catechu extract. See Black catechu (Acacia catechu) extract 781

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Acacia farnesiana CAS 9001-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Synonyms: Acacia farnesiana gum; Gum Arabic Definition: Plant material derived from dried, gummy exudate of Acacia farnesiana Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier in beverages, gelatins, puddings, fillings, snack foods, soft candy; flavoring agent in chewing gum, hard candy, cough drops; formulation aid in confections, frostings, fats and oils, nuts, frozen confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.182, 184.1330 Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Acacia farnesiana. See Cassie (Acacia farnesiana) flowers; Acacia Acacia farnesiana flowers. See Cassie (Acacia farnesiana) flowers Acacia farnesiana gum. See Acacia farnesiana Acacia gum. See Acacia Acacia senegal CAS 9000-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-519-5 Synonyms: Gum Arabic Definition: Plant material derived from the dried, gummy exudate of Acacia senegal Uses: Emulsifier in beverages, gelatins, puddings, fillings, snack foods, soft candy; flavoring agent in chewing gum, hard candy, cough drops; formulation aid in confections, frostings, fats and oils, nuts, frozen confections Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.179, 169.182, 184.1330; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Acacia senegal; Acacia syrup. See Acacia Aceite de Algodon. See Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil Aceite de ricino. See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Acer spicatum; Acer spicatum extract solid. See Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) extract solid Acesulfame K. See Acesulfame potassium Acesulfame potassium CAS 55589-62-3; EINECS/ELINCS 259-715-3 INS950 Synonyms: Acesulfame K; 6-Methyl-1,2,3oxathiazine-4 [3H]-one 2,2 dioxide, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

potassium salt; Potassium acesulfame; Potassium 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine4(3H)-1,2,2-dioxide; Sunnette Definition: Potassium salt of 6-methyl-1,2,3oxathiazine-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide Empirical: C4H4NO4S • K Properties: Wh. cryst. solid, odorless, sweet taste, very sl. bitter aftertaste; very sol. in water, DMF, DMSO; sol. in alcohol, glycerinwater; m.w. 201.24; about 200 times sweeter than sucrose; m.p. 250 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Nonnutritive sweetener in sugar substitutes, chewing gum, foods, dairy prods., confections, baked goods, yogurt, desserts, alcoholic beverages, and dry bases for beverages, instant coffee/tea, gelatins, puddings Regulatory: NF, EP, BP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.800; Canada, UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced Ingreds. http://www.advancedingredients.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Dempsey http://www.dempseycorporation.com; Dietary Foods Ltd. http://sweetnlow.dietaryfoods.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Vanco Trading http://vancotrading.com Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names: Sunett® Food A; Sunett® Food B; Sunett® Food C; Sunett® Food D 782

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Acetal CAS 105-57-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-310-6 UN 1088 (DOT); FEMA 2002 Synonyms: Acetaldehyde diethyl acetal; 1,1Diethoxyacetal; 1,1-Diethoxyethane; Diethyl acetal; Ethylidene diethyl ether Classification: Diether Empirical: C6H14O2 Formula: CH3CH(OC2H5)2 Properties: Colorless volatile liq.; agreeable green woody solvent odor; fruity green flavor; very sol. in ethanol, diethyl ether; sol. in heptane, methylcyclohexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, chloroform, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, IPA; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 118.18; dens. 0.831; vapor pressure 10 mm Hg (8 C); m.p. -100 C; b.p. 107-112 C; flash pt. (CC) 36 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4.57 g/kg, (IP, rat) 900 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion and IP route; skin and eye irritant; narcotic; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flames; tends to polymerize on standing; can react vigorously with oxidizers; forms heatsensitive explosive peroxides on contact with air; readily decomposed by dil. acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from ignition sources; lightsensitive, heat-sensitive, moisture-sensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Ashley Polymers http://www.ashleypoly.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chem-Supply http://www.chemsupply.com.au; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lambiotte http://www.lambiotte.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Ticona http://www.ticona.com Westlake Plastics http://www.westlakeplastics.com/ Acetal R. See Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal Acetaldehyde CAS 75-07-0; EINECS/ELINCS 200-836-8 UN 1089 (DOT); FEMA 2003 Synonyms: Acetic aldehyde; Ethanal; Ethyl aldehyde Classification: Aldehyde Empirical: C2H4O Formula: CH3CHO Properties: Colorless fuming liq. or gas; pungent fruity odor; misc. in water, alcohol, ether, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; m.w. 44.06; dens. 0.788 (16/4 C); m.p. -123.5 C; b.p. 20.8 C; flash pt. (CC) -38 C; ref. index 1.3316 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 100 ppm; STEL 150 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 1930 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 640 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3540 mg/kg; poison by intratracheal/IV routes; human systemic irritant by inh.; narcotic; lachrymator; irritating to eyes, respiratory system; confirmed carcinogen; human mutagenic data; experimental tumorigen, teratogen; skin and severe eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. (DOT); can react violently with acid anhydrides, alcohols, ketones, phenols, NH3, halogens, etc.; reaction with oxygen may lead to detonation; common air contaminant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 4, Reactivity 2 Storage: Air-sensitive; store below 4 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, ices, candy, 783

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.2410, 182.60, 27CFR §21.93, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chem-Supply http://www.chemsupply.com.au; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; WackerChemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Acetaldehyde benzyl β-methoxyethyl acetal. See Benzyl methoxyethyl acetal Acetaldehyde diethyl acetal. See Acetal Acetaldehyde, ((3,7-dimethyl-6-octenyl) oxy)-. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

See Citronelloxyacetaldehyde Acetaldehyde, methylethyl-. See 2Methylbutyraldehyde Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal CAS 7493-57-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-327-9 FEMA 2004 Synonyms: Acetal R; Acetaldehyde phenyl ethyl propyl acetal; Benzene, (2-(1propoxyethoxy) ethyl)-; Pepital; 1Phenethoxy-1-propoxyethane; [2-(1Propoxyethoxy) ethyl] benzene; Propyl phenethyl acetal Definition: From acetaldehyde with a mixture of propyl and β-phenyl ethyl alcohols Empirical: C13H20O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. stable liquid; strong odor of green leaves; m.w. 208.30; dens. 0.951; flash pt. 95 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, candy, baked goods Use Level: 0.1-5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Lothar Streeck http://www.lothar-streeck.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Acetaldehyde phenyl ethyl propyl acetal. See Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal Acetaldehyde, trimer. See Paraldehyde Acetamide, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-. See 2,2Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose; 2Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose. See NAcetylglucosamine Acetanhydride. See Acetic anhydride Acetanisole CAS 100-06-1; EINECS/ELINCS 202-815-9 FEMA 2005 Synonyms: 4-Acetylanisole; p-Acetylanisole; Ethanone, 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-; 4´Methoxyacetophenone; pMethoxyacetophenone; 4-Methoxyphenyl methyl ketone; p-Methoxyphenyl methyl ketone; Novatone 784

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: aromatic ketone Definition: From anisole and acetic acid in the presence of boron trifluoride Empirical: C9H10O2 Formula: CH3OC6H4COCH3 Properties: Colorless to ylsh.-wh. cryst.; pleasant floral odor; bitter, unpleasant taste; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol, most org. solvs.; misc. with glycerin; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 150.18; dens. 1.08 kg/l (41 C); m.p. 38 C; b.p. 265 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1720 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; human systemic effects by inh. (pulse rate and blood pressure changes); primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Sweet buttery caramel, vanilla-like, fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Lancaster Synthesis UK http://www.lancastersynthesis.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodiappa.com/ppa/home.jsp SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Suny Chem. Int'l. http://www.sunychem.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Acetate C-7. See Heptyl acetate Acetate C-8. See Octyl acetate Acetate C-9. See n-Nonyl acetate Acetate C-10. See Decyl acetate Acetate C-11. See Undecenyl acetate Acetate C-12. See Lauryl acetate Acetate of lime. See Calcium acetate Acetate PA. See Allyl phenoxyacetate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aceteugenol. See Eugenyl acetate Acetic acid CAS 64-19-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-580-7 UN 2789 (DOT); UN 2790 (DOT); FEMA 2006; INS260; E260 Synonyms: Ethanoic acid; Ethyllic acid; Methanecarboxylic acid; Pyroligneus acid; Vinegar acid Classification: Aliphatic organic acid Empirical: C2H4O2 Formula: CH3COOH Properties: Clear colorless liq.; pungent vinegarlike odor; sharply acid taste; misc. with water, alcohol, glycerol, ether; insol. in carbon disulfide; m.w. 60.03; dens. 1.0492 (20/4 C); m.p. 16.63 C; b.p. 118 C (765 mm); visc. 1.22 cps (20 C); vapor pressure 11.4 mm Hg (20 C); flash pt. (OC) 43 C; autoignition temp. 463 C; ref. index 1.3715 (20 C); surf. tens. 27.42 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 61.70 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm; STEL 15 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 3310 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1060 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion, inhalation; corrosive; strong irritant to eyes, skin, and tissue; caustic; can cause burns, lachrymation; human systemic effects by ing.; experimental reproductive effects; mutation data reported; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.65; COD 1.09; ThOD 1.07 Precaution: Flamm.; moderate fire and explosion hazard exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizers; explosive or violent reactions possible; incompat. with many chems.; a common air contaminant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Prod. of food additives; acidulant, pH control agent, preservative, curing agent, pickling agent, solvent, vehicle, color diluent in foods; flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, condiments; boiler water additive(food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 133.123, 133.124, 133.169, 133.173, 133.178, 133.179, 172.814, 178.1010, 184.1005, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; CERCLA hazardous substance; Europe listed; UK 785

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference approved; USP/NF, BP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Biorganics; Amyl http://www.amyl.com Apollo http://www.apollochemical.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/ Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Daicel Chem. Ind. http://www.daicel.co.jp; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Equistar http://www.equistarchem.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jubilant Organosys http://www.jubilantorganosys.com; Keith Harris & Co. Ltd

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.keithharris.com.au; Lonza Ltd http://www.lonza.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Quaker City; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sterling Chems. http://www.sterlingchemicals.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Veckridge; WackerChemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names Containing: 2X White Sour; BFP White Sour; Panatex® K; Purac® Fresh S; Purac® Fresh S39 Ry-Fla-Vor; Ry-So; Sour Dough Base Acetic acid, allyl ester. See Allyl acetate Acetic acid, amino-s-butyl-. See L-Isoleucine Acetic acid ammonium salt. See Ammonium acetate Acetic acid amyl ester. See Amyl acetate Acetic acid, anhydride. See Acetic anhydride Acetic acid, benzoyl-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl benzoylacetate Acetic acid benzyl ester. See Benzyl acetate Acetic acid, butyl ester; Acetic acid n-butyl 786

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ester. See n-Butyl acetate Acetic acid, cinnamyl ester. See Cinnamyl acetate Acetic acid, citronellyl ester. See Citronellyl acetate Acetic acid, cobalt (2+) salt. See Cobalt diacetate Acetic acid cyclohexyl ester. See Cyclohexyl acetate Acetic acid, cyclohexylethyl ester. See Cyclohexylethyl acetate Acetic acid, dimethyl-. See Isobutyric acid Acetic acid 3,7-dimethyl-octa-2,6-dienyl ester. See Neryl acetate Acetic acid-3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl ester. See Citronellyl acetate Acetic acid, dodecyl ester. See Lauryl acetate Acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids. See Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Acetic acid, ethenyl ester. See Vinyl acetate Acetic acid, ethenyl ester, homopolymer. See Polyvinyl acetate Acetic acid 2-ethylbutyl ester. See 2-Ethylbutyl acetate Acetic acid, (ethylene dinitrilo) tetra-, calcium disodium salt. See Calcium disodium EDTA Acetic acid, (ethylenedinitrilo) tetra-, sodium salt. See Sodium ferric EDTA Acetic acid, (ethylenedinitrilo) tetra-, tetrasodium salt. See Tetrasodium EDTA Acetic acid, (ethylenedinitrilo) tetra-, trisodium salt. See Trisodium EDTA Acetic acid, ethylene ether. See Vinyl acetate Acetic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl acetate Acetic acid furfuryl ester. See Furfuryl acetate Acetic acid geraniol ester. See Geranyl acetate Acetic acid, glacial CAS 64-19-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-580-7 UN 2789; UN 2790; FEMA 2006; INS260; E260 Synonyms: Concentrated acetic acid; Ethanoic acid; Ethanolic acid; Glacial acetic acid; Vinegar acid Classification: Aliphatic organic acid Definition: Pure compd. (99.8% min.) as distinguished from the usual aq. sol'ns. Empirical: C2H4O2 Formula: CH3COOH Properties: Clear colorless liq., pungent char. odor, acid taste when dil. with water; misc. with water, alcohol, acetone, glycerol, ether; insol. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

in chloroform; m.w. 60.05; dens. 1.049 (20/4 C); m.p. 16.2 C; b.p. 118 C; flash pt. 40 C; ref. index 1.3720 Toxicology: TLV/TWA 10 ppm; human poison by unspecified routes; mod. toxic by various routes; corrosive; severe eye and skin irritant; can produce lung obstruction; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Preservative, pH control agent in foods Regulatory: USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Biorganics; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Equistar http://www.equistarchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wacker-Chemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Trade Names: Eastman® Glacial Acetic Acid Food Grade, Kosher Acetic acid heptyl ester. See Heptyl acetate Acetic acid hexyl ester. See Hexyl acetate Acetic acid isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl acetate Acetic acid isopentyl ester. See Isoamyl acetate Acetic acid isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl acetate Acetic acid 2-isopropyl-5-methyl cyclohexyl 787

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ester. See Menthyl acetate Acetic acid, linalool ester. See Linalyl acetate l-Acetic acid, p-menth-3-yl ester. See l-Menthyl acetate Acetic acid, p-menth-3-yl ester, DL-. See dlMenthyl acetate Acetic acid 4-methoxybenzyl ester. See pAnisyl acetate Acetic acid 2-methylbutyl ester. See 2Methylbutyl acetate Acetic acid methyl ester. See Methyl acetate Acetic acid 1-methylethyl ester. See Isopropyl acetate Acetic acid, 2-methylphenyl ester. See o-Cresyl acetate Acetic acid-4-methylphenyl ester. See p-Cresyl acetate Acetic acid 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl acetate Acetic acid nonyl ester; Acetic acid n-nonyl ester. See n-Nonyl acetate Acetic acid octyl ester. See Octyl acetate Acetic acid pentyl ester. See Amyl acetate Acetic acid perillyl ester. See Perillyl acetate Acetic acid, phenyl-, butyl ester. See Butyl phenylacetate Acetic acid, phenyl-, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl ester, (E)-. See Geranyl phenylacetate Acetic acid, phenyl-, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenyl ester. See Citronellyl phenylacetate Acetic acid, phenyl-, 3,7-dimethyl-7-octenyl ester. See Rhodinyl phenylacetate Acetic acid, phenyl ester. See Phenyl acetate Acetic acid, 1-phenylethyl ester. See αMethylbenzyl acetate Acetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester. See 2Phenylethyl acetate Acetic acid, phenyl-, isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl phenylacetate Acetic acid phenylmethyl ester. See Benzyl acetate Acetic acid potassium salt. See Potassium acetate Acetic acid, 2-propenyl ester. See Allyl acetate Acetic acid propyl ester; Acetic acid n-propyl ester. See Propyl acetate Acetic acid, retinyl ester. See Retinyl acetate Acetic acid sodium salt anhydrous. See Sodium acetate anhydrous Acetic acid sodium salt trihydrate. See Sodium acetate trihydrate Acetic acid, o-tolyl ester. See o-Cresyl acetate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Acetic acid, vinyl ester. See Vinyl acetate Acetic acid, vinyl ester, polymer; Acetic acid vinyl ester polymers. See Polyvinyl acetate Acetic acid, zinc salt. See Zinc acetate Acetic aldehyde. See Acetaldehyde Acetic anhydride CAS 108-24-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-564-8 UN 1715 (DOT) Synonyms: Acetanhydride; Acetic acid, anhydride; Acetic oxide; Acetyl anhydride; Acetyl ether; Acetyl oxide; Ethanoic anhydrate Classification: Carboxylic acid anhydride Empirical: C4H6O3 Formula: (CH3CO)2O Properties: Colorless liq., strong acetic odor; sol. in chloroform, ether; sol. in ethanol forming ethyl acetate; misc. in benzene, acetic acid; sl. sol. in water; dec. in hot water, hot alcohol; m.w. 102.09; dens. 1.08 (15/4 C); m.p. -73 C; b.p. 138-140 C; flash pt. 49 C; ref. index 1.3904 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/CL 5 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 1.78 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4000 mg/kg; corrosive; produces irritation and necrosis of tissues in liq. or vapor state; can cause severe lung damage, which could be fatal; mod. toxic by inh., ing., skin contact; skin and severe eye irritant; lachrymator; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; flamm.; fire/explosion hazard exposed to heat or flame; explosive and violent reactions possible; can react vigorously with oxidizers; incompat. with aniline, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylenediamine, HF, water, H2SO4, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, ketone, ethane; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Uses: Esterification agent for food starch modified; dehydrating agent, acetylating agent for flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, esterifier for food starch, in combination with adipic anhydride (0.12% max. adipic anhydride, 5% max. acetic anhydride); BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Advanced ChemTech http://www.advancedchemtech.com/; 788

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brown http://www.brownchem.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chisso http://www.chisso.co.jp/english/; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jubilant Organosys http://www.jubilantorganosys.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; WackerChemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Acetic ester; Acetic ether. See Ethyl acetate Acetic oxide. See Acetic anhydride Acetic, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester; Acetin. See Triacetin Acetisoeugenol CAS 93-29-8; EINECS/ELINCS 202-236-1 FEMA 2470 Synonyms: 4-Acetoxy-3-methoxy-1propenylbenzene; Acetyl isoeugenol; Isoeugenol acetate; Isoeugenyl acetate; 2Methoxy-4-propenylphenyl acetate; 2Methoxy-4-prop-1-enylphenyl acetate Empirical: C12H14O3 Formula: C6H3(CHCHCH3)(OCH3)(OCOCH3) Properties: Wh. cryst.; spicy clove odor; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 206.26; flash pt. 153 F Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3450 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Acetoacetic acid, butyl ester. See Butyl acetoacetate Acetoacetic acid ethyl ester. See Ethylacetoacetate Acetoacetic acid isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl acetoacetate Acetoacetic ester. See Ethylacetoacetate Acetocumenel. See p-Isopropylacetophenone Acetodiphosphonic acid. See Etidronic acid Acetoglycerides. See Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Acetoin. See Acetyl methyl carbinol β-Acetonaphthalene; Acetonaphthone. See 2´Acetonaphthone 2´-Acetonaphthone CAS 93-08-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-216-2 FEMA 2723 Synonyms: β-Acetonaphthalene; Acetonaphthone; 2-Acetonaphthone; βAcetonaphthone; 2-Acetylnaphthalene; βAcetylnaphthalene; Methyl naphthyl ketone; Methyl 2-naphthyl ketone; Methyl βnaphthyl ketone; β-Methyl naphthyl ketone; 1-(2-Naphthalenyl) ethanone; 2-Naphthyl methyl ketone; β-Naphthyl methyl ketone; Orange crystals Classification: Aliphatic ketone Empirical: C12H10O Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. cryst. solid, orange blossom odor, strawberry-like flavor; sol. in most common org. solvs., fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 170.21; m.p. 53 C; b.p. 301-303 C; flash pt. 789

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 168 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 599 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com L C United http://www.lcunited.com; Lancaster Synthesis UK http://www.lancastersynthesis.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-Acetonaphthone; β-Acetonaphthone. See 2´Acetonaphthone Acetone CAS 67-64-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-662-2 UN 1090 (DOT); UN 1091 (DOT); FEMA 3326 Synonyms: Acetone oils; Dimethyl formaldehyde; Dimethylketal; Dimethylketone; DMK; Ketone, dimethyl; Ketone propane; β-Ketopropane; Methyl ketone; Propanone; 2-Propanone; Pyroacetic acid; Pyroacetic ether Classification: Aliphatic ketone Empirical: C3H6O Formula: CH3COCH3 Properties: Colorless volatile transparent liq., sweetish odor, pungent sweetish taste; sol. in water, alcohol, chloroform, dimethylformamide, ether, most volatile oils; m.w. 58.09; sp.gr. 0.792 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 400 mm Hg (39.5 C); m.p. -94.3 C; b.p. 56.2 C; flash pt. (CC) -18 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 750 ppm; STEL 1000 ppm; LD50 (oral, mouse) 3000 mg/kg; narcotic in high conc.; moderately toxic by ingestion and inhalation; lg. doses may cause narcosis; extreme concs. may cause collapse, coma, death; inh. irritates lungs; ing. may cause throat, esophagus, and stomach irritation; peeling and splitting of Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nails, skin rashes; eye irritant; common air contaminant; TSCA listed Environmental: BOD5 0.85; COD 1.12-2.07; ThOD 2.21 Precaution: DOT: flamm. liq.; dangerous fire risk; explosive limit in air 2.6-12.8%; reacts violently with oxidizing agents, chlorinated solv./alkali mixts.; reacts vigorously with sulfur dichloride, potassium t-butoxide, hexachloromelamine Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Complete combustion yields CO2, water vapor; incomplete combustion can produce CO NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight Uses: Color diluent, flavoring agent, processing aid in foods, fruits, spice oleoresins, vegetables; extraction solvent for foods, essential oils Features: Apple-, grape-, pear-, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.30, 73.345, 73.615, 173.210, 175.105, 175.320, 176.180, 176.300, 177.2600, 182.99; 40CFR §180.1001; 30 ppm tolerance in spice oleoresins; FEMA GRAS; SARA §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; Canada DSL; Japan approved with restrictions; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; VOC-exempt Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BASF http://www.basf.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Chem-Supply http://www.chemsupply.com.au; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; 790

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chevron http://www.chevron.com/; Columbus Chem. Ind. http://www.columbuschemical.com Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Georgia Gulf http://www.ggc.com/; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hatco http://www.hatcocorporation.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/ INEOS Phenol http://www.ineosphenol.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Nippon Petrochems. http://www.npcc.co.jp/english; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Primachem Quaker City; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Schenectady Herdillia Ltd http://www.siigroup.com/herdillia/index.htm l; Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; SigmaAldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sumitomo Chem. http://www.sumitomochem.co.jp; Sunnyside

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/; Sunoco http://www.sunocochem.com Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Veckridge; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Acetone oils. See Acetone Acetone peroxides CAS 1336-17-0 INS929 Definition: Derived from a mixture of monomeric and linear dimeric acetone peroxides (mainly 2,2-hydroperoxypropane), with minor proportions of higher polymers, usually mixed with an edible carrier such as cornstarch Properties: Liq. or absorbed on corn starch; trimeric form is cryst.; m.p. 97 C Toxicology: Severe skin and eye irritant Precaution: Flamm. by spontaneous chemical reaction; can react vigorously with reducing materials; trimeric form is shock-sensitive, static electricity-sensitive and may detonate Uses: Bleaching agent, flour treatment agent, dough conditioner, maturing agent in bread, flour, rolls Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.105, 172.802 Acetonic acid. See Lactic acid 4-Acetonylanisole; p-Acetonylanisole. See 1-(pMethoxyphenyl)-2-propanone Acetophenone CAS 98-86-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202-708-7 UN 1993; FEMA 2009 Synonyms: Acetylbenzene; Benzoyl methide; Hypnone; Ketone methyl phenyl; Methyl phenyl ketone; 1-Phenylethanone; 1Phenyl-1-ethanone; Phenyl methyl ketone Classification: Aromatic ketone Empirical: C8H8O Formula: C6H5COCH3 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq. or plates; sweet pungent odor and taste; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, fatty oils, glycerol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 120.15; dens. 1.030 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (15 C); m.p. 20.5 C; b.p. 201.7 C; flash pt. 82.2 C; ref. index 1.5339 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 815 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by IP, subcut. routes; moderate toxicity by ing.; skin and severe eye irritant; narcotic in high concs.; 791

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference a hypnotic; may cause allergic reaction; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Combustible liq.; flamm. exposed to heat, flames, or oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; HAP; Japan approved for flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alemark http://www.amsyn.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Amber Syn. http://www.amsyn.com; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; ChemPur http://www.ChemPur.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; INEOS Phenol http://www.ineosphenol.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mitsui Chems. http://www.mitsuichem.co.jp; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Polimerieuropa Am. http://www.polimerieuropa.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SigmaAldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Acetophenone, 2´-hydroxy-. See oHydroxyacetophenone Acetophenone, 4´-isopropyl-. See pIsopropylacetophenone p-Acetotoluene. See 4´-Methyl acetophenone Acetoxybenzene. See Phenyl acetate 1-Acetoxy-caryolane. See Caryophyllene alcohol acetate 4-Acetoxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)furanone. See Furaneol acetate Acetoxyethane. See Ethyl acetate 1-Acetoxyethylene. See Vinyl acetate 4-Acetoxy-2-hexyl-tetrahydrofuran. See 2Hexyl-4-acetoxytetrahydrofuran Acetoxyl. See Benzoyl peroxide 4-(Acetoxyl phenyl)-2-butanone. See 4-(pAcetoxyphenyl)-2-butanone 9-Acetoxy-1-para-menthene. See p-Menth-1-en9-yl acetate 1-Acetoxy-2-methoxy-4-allylbenzene. See Eugenyl acetate 4-Acetoxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde. See Vanillin acetate 3-(4-Acetoxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propene. See Eugenyl acetate 4-Acetoxy-3-methoxy-1-propenylbenzene. See Acetisoeugenol Acetoxymethylbenzene. See Benzyl acetate 2-Acetoxymethyl furan. See Furfuryl acetate 2-Acetoxypentane. See s-Amyl acetate 4-(p-Acetoxyphenyl)-2-butanone CAS 3572-06-3; EINECS/ELINCS 222-682-0 FEMA 3652 Synonyms: 4-(Acetoxyl phenyl)-2-butanone; 4(3-Oxobutyl)phenyl acetate; 4(Oxybutyl)phenyl Acetate; Raspberry ketone acetate Classification: Ketone Empirical: C12H14O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; rich, fruity odor; sp.gr. 1.00-1.11; b.p. 123-124 C @ 0.2 mm Hg; flash pt. 110 C; ref. index 1.505-1.520 Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent Manuf./Distrib.: Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown 792

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Capital http://www.crown-capital.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1-Acetoxypropane. See Propyl acetate 2-Acetoxypropane. See Isopropyl acetate 3-Acetoxy propene; 3-Acetoxy-1-propene. See Allyl acetate 4-Acetoxytoluene. See p-Cresyl acetate α-Acetoxytoluene. See Benzyl acetate o-Acetoxytoluene. See o-Cresyl acetate p-Acetoxytoluene. See p-Cresyl acetate Acetoyl butyrate. See Butan-3-one-2-yl butyrate N-[2-(5-Acetylamino-4,6-dihydroxy-2hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-3-yloxy)-4,5-. See Chitin 4-(Acetylamino)-5-hydroxy-6-[[7-sulfo-4-[(4sulfophenyl) azo]-1-naphthalenyl] azo]-1,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid, tetrasodium salt. See Brilliant black 1 N-Acetyl-L-2-amino-4-(methylthio) butyric acid. See N-Acetyl-L-methionine Acetyl anhydride. See Acetic anhydride 4-Acetylanisole; p-Acetylanisole. See Acetanisole Acetylated distarch adipate CAS 63798-35-6; 68130-14-3 INS1422; E1422 Classification: Food starch modified Definition: Chemically modified and stabilized food starch crosslinked with adipic anhydride and esterified with acetic anhydride Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. powd. or gran.; flakes, amorphous powd., or coarse particles if pregelatinized Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§175.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Trade Names: Bakels Thickener; Cargill Tex 06201; Cargill Tex 06231; Cargill TexInstant™ 12604 Acetylated distarch glycerol CAS 53123-84-5 INS1423 Synonyms: Starch, acetate, ether with 1,2,3propanetriol (2:1) Classification: Food starch modified Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, solvent, carrier/encapsulating agent, moisture control agent, texturizer and firming agent Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.892 Acetylated distarch oxypropanol CAS 977120-10-7 Classification: Food starch modified Uses: Food additive; food starch modified Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.892, 175.105 Acetylated distarch phosphate CAS 68130-14-3 INS1414; E1414 Synonyms: Starch, acetate hydrogen phosphate Classification: Food starch modified Definition: Chemically modified food starch crosslinked with sodium trimetaphosphate or phosphorus oxychloride and esterified by acetic anhydride or vinyl acetate Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. powd. or gran.; flakes, amorphous powd., or coarse particles if pregelatinized Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder, emulsifier, solvent, carrier, encapsulating agent, moisture control agent, firming agent, texturizer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.892 Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Trade Names: StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 Acetylated glycerides CAS 977051-34-5 Synonyms: Acetylated monoglycerides; Glycerides, acetates; Monoglycerides, acetylated Properties: Acid no. < 6 Uses: Food additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.828, 175.230 Acetylated glycerin monostearate. See Acetylated glyceryl stearate Acetylated glyceryl stearate Synonyms: Acetylated glycerin monostearate Uses: Food lubricant Trade Names: Monestriol DM Acetylated hydrogenated coconut glyceride. See Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glyceride Acetylated hydrogenated coconut glycerides Synonyms: Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glycerides Uses: Emulsifier, emollient, lubricant, and deaerating agent for foods; antidusting agent for powd. foods 793

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glyceride Synonyms: Acetylated hydrogenated coconut glyceride; Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil monoglycerides Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, emollient, lubricant, release agent in food processing; plasticizer, softener for chewing gum Trade Names: Myvacet® 9-08K Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glycerides. See Acetylated hydrogenated coconut glycerides Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil monoglycerides. See Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glyceride Acetylated hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride CAS 165800-53-3 Synonyms: Glycerides, cottonseed-oil, mono-, hydrogenated, acetates Definition: Acetyl ester of the monoglyceride derived from hydrogenated cottonseed oil Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, aerating agent for dry whipped toppings; protective film for foods; moisture and oxygen barrier; plasticizer and softener in chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.828, 175.230 Acetylated hydrogenated lard glyceride CAS 8029-91-2; 93572-31-7; EINECS/ELINCS 297-461-5 Synonyms: Glycerides, lard mono-, hydrogenated, acetates Definition: Acetyl ester of the monoglyceride derived from hydrog. lard Properties: Nonionic Uses: Food additive; lubricant, solvent, plasticizer, film-former, moisture barrier for foods Features: Good moisture vapor barrier properties Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.828 Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glyceride Synonyms: Glycerides, soybean oil, hydrogenated, acetates Properties: Nonionic Uses: Lubricant, emollient, solvent, deaerating agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.828 Trade Names: Myvacet® 9-45K Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides Uses: Emulsifier, lubricant, deaerating agent Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

in foods; antidusting agent for powd. foods and mixes; defoamer for bottling operations (jams, jellies, puddings); lubricant, mold release agent for molded foods; plasticizer, softener for chewing gums Acetylated hydrogenated tallow glyceride CAS 68990-58-9; EINECS/ELINCS 273-612-0 Synonyms: Glycerides, tallow mono-, hydrogenated, acetates Definition: Acetyl ester of hydrog. tallow glyceride Uses: Emulsifier for edible coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.828, 175.230 Acetylated hydrogenated tallow glycerides CAS 91723-32-9; EINECS/ELINCS 294-538-5 Synonyms: Glycerides, tallow mono-, di- and tri-, hydrogenated, acetates Definition: Acetyl ester of hydrogenated tallow glycerides Uses: Emulsifier, plasticizer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.828 Acetylated hydrogenated vegetable glyceride Synonyms: Acetylated hydrogenated vegetable oil glyceride; Glycerides, vegetable oil mono-, hydrogenated, acetates Definition: Acetyl ester of hydrogenated vegetable glyceride Properties: Nonionic Uses: Food additive; film-former, emulsifier in hot-melt strippable food coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.828, 175.230 Acetylated hydrogenated vegetable oil glyceride. See Acetylated hydrogenated vegetable glyceride Acetylated lard glyceride CAS 8029-92-3; EINECS/ELINCS 273-609-4 Synonyms: Glycerides, lard mono-, acetates Definition: Acetyl ester of lard glyceride Uses: Food additive; food emulsifier; filmformer, emulsifier in hot-melt strippable food coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.828, 175.230 Acetylated lecithin CAS 91053-50-8 Properties: Amphoteric Trade Names: Emulbesto 100 A Acetylated mono- and diglycerides. See Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty 794

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acids Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-55-6 INS472a; E472a Synonyms: Acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Acetic acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Acetoglycerides; Acetylated mono- and diglycerides; Mono- and diglycerides, acetic acid esters Definition: Partial or complete esters of glycerin with a mixture of acetic acid and edible fatforming fatty acids Properties: Wh. to pale yel. oily to waxy liq., bland taste; sol. in alcohol, acetone; disp. to sol. in edible oils and fats; insol. in water; HLB 2-3; nonionic; HLB 2.0-3.0 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Coating agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, sequestrant, lubricant, solvent, texturizer in foods, baked goods, fruits, ice cream, meat products, peanut butter, pudding, shortening, whipped toppings; aerating agent; foam stabilizer; lubricant; release agent; chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.828; Europe listed; UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Dynacet® 211P; Dynacet® 212P; Grindsted™ ACETEM; Lamegin® EE Range; Lamegin® EE 50 Lamegin® EE 70; Lamegin® EE 100 Trade Names Containing: Lamequick® CE 6630 Acetylated monoglycerides. See Acetylated glycerides Acetylated oxidized starch CAS 68187-08-6 INS1451; E1451 Synonyms: Starch acetate, oxidized; Starch, acetylated, oxidized Definition: Starch treated with sodium hypochlorite followed by esterification with acetic anhydride Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. powd. or gran.; flakes, amorphous powd., or coarse particles if pregelatinized; insol. in cold water if not Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pregelatinized Uses: Stabilizer, thickener in foods Regulatory: EU approved Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Acetylated palm kernel glycerides CAS 91744-63-7; EINECS/ELINCS 294-627-9 Synonyms: Glycerides, palm kernel oil mono-, di-, and tri-, acetates Definition: Acetyl ester of palm kernel glycerides Uses: Emulsifier in food Acetylated starch. See Starch acetate Acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 977093-27-8 INS472e; E472f Synonyms: Mono- and diglycerides, acetyltartaric acid esters Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, sequestrant in foods Regulatory: Europe listed; UK approved Trade Names Containing: Bacom; Liquid Monobac Acetylbenzene. See Acetophenone Acetylbenzoyl. See 1-Phenyl-1,2-propanedione Acetyl butyl citrate. See Acetyl tributyl citrate Acetyl butyryl CAS 3848-24-6; EINECS/ELINCS 223-350-8 UN 1993; FEMA 2558 Synonyms: Acetyl-n-butyryl; 2,3-Hexanedione; Hexane-2,3-dione; Methyl propyl diketone Classification: Nonaromatic ketone Empirical: C6H10O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2COCOCH3 Properties: Yel. oily liq., powerful creamy sweet buttery odor, butter cheese taste; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 114.15; dens. 0.934 (20/4 C); b.p. 128 C; flash pt. 83 F; ref. index 1.412 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary irritant; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Flammable Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Creamy, butter-like, sweet flavoring Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Fluka 795

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Lancaster Synthesis UK http://www.lancastersynthesis.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Acetyl-n-butyryl. See Acetyl butyryl Acetyl-L-carnitine chloride; acetylcarnitine Lform hydrochloride. See Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride CAS 5080-50-2 Synonyms: Acetyl-L-carnitine chloride; acetylcarnitine L-form hydrochloride; oAcetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride; 1Propanaminium, 2-(acetyloxy)-3-carboxyN,N,N-trimethyl-chloride, (R)- (9CI) Classification: Carnitine derivative Empirical: C9H17NO4HCl Formula: HO2CCH2CH(O2CCH3)CH2N(CH3)3Cl Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; sol. in water and alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 239.70; m.p. 187 C Toxicology: Eye, skin, and resp. tract irritant irritant Precaution: Avoid contact with moisture and strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, NOx, and HCl gas HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Uses: Antioxidant in dietary supplements Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Trade Names: L-Carnipure® ALC o-Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride. See AcetylL-carnitine hydrochloride N-Acetylchitosamine. See N-Acetylglucosamine Acetylcitric acid, tributyl ester. See Acetyl tributyl citrate Acetyl o-cresol. See o-Cresyl acetate Acetyl p-cresol. See p-Cresyl acetate p-Acetyl cumol. See p-Isopropylacetophenone 3-Acetyl-2,5-dimethylfuran CAS 10599-70-9; EINECS/ELINCS 234-216-3 FEMA 3391 Synonyms: 3-Acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan; 2,5Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Dimethyl-3-acetylfuran; 1-(2,5Dimethylfuran-3-yl) ethanone; Furan, 3acetyl-2,5-dimethylClassification: 5-Membered aromatic heterocyclic; aromatic ketone Empirical: C8H10O2 Properties: Colorless to yel. liq.; strong roasted nut-like odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol, fixed oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 138.16; dens. 1.027-1.048; b.p. 100 C (15 mm); flash pt. 82 C; ref. index 1.475-1.496 Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes and skin Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf.-water Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; Organica Trading R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-Acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan. See 3-Acetyl-2,5dimethylfuran Acetylene black. See Carbon black Acetylene trichloride. See Trichloroethylene Acetyl ether. See Acetic anhydride Acetyl eugenol. See Eugenyl acetate Acetyl formaldehyde. See Pyruvaldehyde Acetylformic acid. See Pyruvic acid Acetylformyl. See Pyruvaldehyde Acetylfuran. See 2-Acetylfuran 2-Acetylfuran CAS 1192-62-7; EINECS/ELINCS 214-757-1 FEMA 3163 Synonyms: Acetylfuran; α-Acetylfuran; Ethanone, 1-(2-furanyl)-; Furan, 2-acetyl-; 1(2-Furanyl) ethanone; 2-Furyl methyl ketone; Ketone, 2-furyl methyl; Methyl 2furyl ketone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C6H6O2 Properties: Colorless cryst. to yel.-brn. solid; sol. 796

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference in oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 110.11; dens. 1.0890-1.099 (20 C); m.p. 29-32 C; b.p. 67 C (10 mm); flash pt. 71 C; ref. index 1.5070 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorption; may cause eye/skin/mucous membrane/upper respiratory tract irritation; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, strong reducing agents; capable of creating a dust explosion in powd. form Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in a cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; store under nitrogen; keep away from heat, sparks, and open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, condiments, meats, soups Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Contract Chems. Ltd http://www.contractchemicals.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Narchem http://www.narchem.com; Penn Spec. Chems. http://www.pschem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com α-Acetylfuran. See 2-Acetylfuran N-Acetylglucosamine CAS 7512-17-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-368-2 Synonyms: 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-Dglucopyranose; 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-Dglucose; N-Acetylchitosamine; N-Acetyl-βD-glucosamine; N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine; N-Acetyl-D-glucosaminide; N-(1-Formyl2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-pentyl) acetamide; DGlucose, 2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxyClassification: Nonaromatic amide Empirical: C8H15NO6 Properties: Wh. powd. or needles; mod. sol. in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

waterm.w. 221.21; m.p. 201-204 C Toxicology: LD50 (iv, mouse) 4170 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agent; avoid contact with eyes and skin Storage: Store below 4 C Uses: Natural sweetener in foods Regulatory: Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Biosynth AG http://www.biosynth.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Lancaster Synthesis UK http://www.lancastersynthesis.com; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosamine; N-Acetyl-Dglucosamine; N-Acetyl-D-glucosaminide. See N-Acetylglucosamine Acetyl guaiacol; o-Acetyl guaiacol. See Guaiacyl acetate 2-Acetyl-1-hexanol. See 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-2heptanone Acetyl hydroperoxide. See Peracetic acid 3-Acetyl-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-hexenoic acid [GD]lactone. See Dehydroacetic acid Acetyl isobutyryl. See 4-Methyl-2,3pentanedione Acetyl isoeugenol. See Acetisoeugenol 1,4-Acetyl-isopropyl benzol. See pIsopropylacetophenone Acetyl methionine (INCI); N-Acetylmethionine. See N-Acetyl-L-methionine N-Acetyl-L-methionine CAS 65-82-7; 1115-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200617-7; 214-224-3 797

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: N-Acetyl-L-2-amino-4-(methylthio) butyric acid; Acetyl methionine (INCI); NAcetylmethionine; Methionamine; LMethionine, N-acetylClassification: Substituted amino acid Definition: Deriv. of the amino acid methionine; free or anhyd. form, or as sodium or potassium salts Empirical: C7H13NO3S Formula: CH3SCH2CH2CH(NHCOCH3)COOH Properties: Colorless or lustrous wh. cryst. or powd., odorless; sol. in water, alcohol, alkali, dil. min. acids; insol. in ether; m.w. 191.24; m.p. 104-107 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 435 mg/kg; poison by IV route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, Lmethionine source in foods Features: Not for infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.372 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lancaster Synthesis UK http://www.lancastersynthesis.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Acetyl methyl carbinol CAS 513-86-0; EINECS/ELINCS 208-174-1 UN 2621 (DOT); FEMA 2008 Synonyms: Acetoin; 2,3-Butanolone; 2Butanol-3-one; Dimethylketol; 3-Hydroxy-2butanone; 1-Hydroxyethyl methyl ketone; γHydroxy-β-oxobutane Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Empirical: C4H8O2 Formula: CH3COCH(OH)CH3 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq. or cryst. solid, buttery odor; sol. in ethanol; sl. sol. in ether; misc. with water, alcohol, propylene glycol; insol. in veg. oil; m.w. 88.12; dens. 1.016; m.p. 15 C; b.p. 147-148 C; flash pt. 106 F; ref. index 1.417 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; TDLo (oral, rat, 42 days) 12,600 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., rat) 14 g/kg; mildly toxic by subcut. route; moderate skin irritant; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: flamm. liq.; wear protective gloves, splash-proof eye goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers, alkalies Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits COx, acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Prep. of flavors and essences; aroma carrier, synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, nonalcoholic beverages, ice cream, ices, candy, baked goods, gelatins, puddings, shortening, margarine, cottage cheese Features: Buttery creamy flavor Regulatory: FDA §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Hatco http://www.hatcocorporation.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Midori Kagaku http://www.midorikagaku.co.jp/m060713/e_start_fr.htm Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Ogawa & Co. http://www.ogawa.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com 798

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference R S A http://www.rsa-corporation.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Resource Chem. Ltd http://www.resourcechemical.co.uk; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Soda Aromatic http://www.soda.co.jp Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 1-Acetyl-4-methyl-1,3-pentadiene. See 6-Methyl3,5-heptadien-2-one Acetyl 2-methyl propanoate. See Octyl isobutyrate 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-1,2-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione; 3Acetyl-6-methyl-2,4-pyrandione; 3-Acetyl-6methylpyrandione-2,4; 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-2Hpyran-2,4(3H)-dione. See Dehydroacetic acid β-1,4-N-acetylmuramidase. See Egg white lysozyme 2-Acetylnaphthalene; β-Acetylnaphthalene. See 2´-Acetonaphthone Acetyl nonanoyl; Acetyl nonyryl. See 2,3Undecadione Acetyl oxide. See Acetic anhydride (Acetyloxy) benzene. See Phenyl acetate 4-(Acetyl oxy)-3-methoxybenzaldehyde. See Vanillin acetate 2-(Acetyloxy)-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, tributyl ester. See Acetyl tributyl citrate Acetyl pelargonyl. See 2,3-Undecadione Acetyl pentanoyl. See 2,3-Heptanedione Acetylphenol. See Phenyl acetate 2-Acetylphenol; o-Acetylphenol. See oHydroxyacetophenone Acetylpropionic acid; 3-Acetylpropionic acid; βAcetylpropionic acid. See Levulinic acid Acetylpropionyl. See Pentane-2,3-dione Acetyl pyrazine. See 2-Acetylpyrazine 2-Acetylpyrazine CAS 22047-25-2; EINECS/ELINCS 244-753-5 UN 1325; FEMA 3126 Synonyms: Acetyl pyrazine; Methyl pyrazinyl ketone; Methyl 2-pyrazinyl ketone; 1Pyrazinylethanone; Pyrazin-1-ylethan-1one; 1-Pyrazin-2-yl-ethanone Classification: pyrazine Empirical: C6H6N2O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cryst. or liq.; nutty odor; sol. in acids, alcohol, ether, water Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

@ 230 C; m.w. 122.13; dens. 1.100-1.115 (20 C); m.p. 76-80 C; ref. index 1.530-1.540 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Environmental: keep run-off water out of sewers, water sources Precaution: Flamm. solid; wear protective gloves, splash-proof eye goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids, alkalies Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Chunking http://www.chunkingchem.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 2-Acetylpyridine CAS 1122-62-9; EINECS/ELINCS 214-355-6 FEMA 3251 Synonyms: Ethanone, 1-(2-pyridinyl)-; Methyl 2-pyridyl ketone; Popcorn pyridine; 2799

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference pyridyl methyl ketone Empirical: C7H7NO Properties: Pale yel. to brn. liq.; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 121.13; dens. 1.082; f.p. 10.7 C; b.p. 76-79 C; flash pt. 164 F; ref. index 1.524 Toxicology: Irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; ChemPur http://www.ChemPur.de; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Raschig; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Vertellus Specialties http://www.vertellus.com/; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 3-Acetylpyridine CAS 350-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 206-496-7 FEMA 3424 Synonyms: Methyl 3-pyridyl ketone; Methyl βpyridyl ketone; 1-(3-Pyridenyl) ethanone; 1Pyridin-3-yl ethanone Classification: 6-Membered aromatic heterocyclic Empirical: C7H7NO Properties: Colorless to yel. liq.; sweet, nutty, popcorn odor; sol. in acids, alcohol, ether, water; m.w. 121.14; dens. 1.102; m.p. 13-14 C; b.p. 220 C; flash pt. 302 F; ref. index 1.5340 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, quail) 422 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 182 mg/kg; highly toxic; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; possible teratogen; target organs: nerves; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, jams Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Raschig; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 2-Acetylpyrrole CAS 1072-83-9; EINECS/ELINCS 214-016-2 FEMA 3202 Synonyms: Methyl 2-pyrrolyl ketone; 1-(1HPyrrol-2-yl) ethanone Classification: 5-Membered aromatic heterocyclic Empirical: C6H7NO Properties: Beige to yel. cryst., bread-like odor; sol. in acids, alcohol, ether, water @ 230 C; m.w. 109.12; m.p. 85-90 C; b.p. 220 C; flash pt. (CC) 116 C Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, puddings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; Australia; Japan ENCS (no. 5-101); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lancaster Synthesis UK http://www.lancastersynthesis.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Acetyl red G. See Acid red 1 p-Acetyl toluene. See 4´-Methyl acetophenone Acetyl tributyl citrate CAS 77-90-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-067-0 FEMA 3080 Synonyms: Acetyl butyl citrate; Acetylcitric acid, tributyl ester; 2-(Acetyloxy)-1,2,3propanetricarboxylic acid, tributyl ester; Acetyl tri-n-butyl citrate; ATBC; Citric acid, 800

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference tributyl ester, acetate; 1,2,3Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-(acetyloxy)-, tributyl ester; Tributyl acetyl citrate; Tri-nbutyl O-acetylcitrate; Tributyl Oacetylcitrate; Tributyl 2-(acetyloxy)-1,2,3propanetricarboxylate; Tributyl citrate acetate; Tri-n-butyl citrate acetate Classification: Aliphatic ester Definition: Ester of citric acid Empirical: C20H34O8 Formula: CH3COOC3H4(COOC4H9)3 Properties: Colorless sl. visc. liq., sweet herbaceous odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 402.49; dens. 1.14; b.p. > 300 C; flash pt. 204 C; ref. index 1.4408 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) > 4 g/kg; low toxicity by ing., skin contact, and IP routes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.27; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chemial SpA http://www.chemial.com Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sanken Chem. http://www.taoka-chem.co.jp; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Unitex http://www.unitexchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com Trade Names: Citrofol® BII; Uniplex 84 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Acetyl tri-n-butyl citrate. See Acetyl tributyl citrate Acetyl valeryl. See 2,3-Heptanedione Acetyl vanillin. See Vanillin acetate Achillea millefolium; Achillea millefolium extract. See Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) extract Achillea millefolium oil. See Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) oil Achilleic acid. See Aconitic acid Achiote. See Annatto (Bixa orellana); Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Acid amaranth. See Amaranth Acid ammonium carbonate. See Ammonium bicarbonate Acid blue 3 CAS 3536-49-0; EINECS/ELINCS 222-573-8 INS131; E131 Synonyms: Acid blue 3, calcium salt (2:1); CI 42051; N-[4-[[4-(Diethylamino) phenyl] (5hydroxy-2,4-disulfophenyl) methylene]-2,5cyclohexadien-1-ylidene]-Nethylethanaminium, hydroxide, inner salt, calcium salt (2:1); Ethanaminium, N-[4-[[4(diethylamino) phenyl] (5-hydroxy-2,4disulfophenyl) methylene]-2,5cyclohexadien-1-ylidene]-N-ethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt, calcium salt (2:1); Food blue 5; mHydroxytetraethyldiaminotriphenylcarbinol anhydride disulfonic acid calcium salt; Patent blue; Patent blue V; Patent blue violet Classification: Triphenylmethane color Empirical: C54H62CaN4O14S4 Properties: M.w. 1159.52 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rat) 5 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 1200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx and SOx Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Dudley http://www.dudley-chem.com/dudley.html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Roha http://www.rohadyechem.com/

801

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Acid blue 9 CAS 3844-45-9; EINECS/ELINCS 223-339-8 INS133; E133 Synonyms: Acid blue 9 disodium salt; Brilliant blue FCF; CI 42090; D&C Blue No. 4; NEthyl-N-[4-[[4-[ethyl[(3-sulfophenyl) methyl] amino] phenyl] (2-sulfophenyl) methylene]2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene]-3sulfobenzenemethanaminium hydroxide inner salt, disodium salt; FD&C Blue No. 1 (INCI); Food blue 2; Patent blue AC Classification: Triphenylmethane color Empirical: C37H34N2O9S3 • 2Na Properties: Greenish-blue powd., gran.; sol. (oz/gal): 52 oz propylene glycol, 36 oz glycerin, 25 oz dist. water, 2 oz 95% ethanol; sol. in ether, conc. sulfuric acid; pract. insol. in veg. oils; m.w. 792.86; m.p. 283 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (subcut., mouse) 4600 mg/kg; may cause allergic reactions; possible carcinogen; produces malignant tumors at site of injection and by ing. in rats; experimental neoplastigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, Na2O, and SOx Uses: Colorant in foods, beverages, candy, confections, baked goods, ice cream, dessert powds. Regulatory: Europe listed; UK approved; banned in France, Finland; FD&C Blue No. 1: FDA 21CFR §74.101, 74.1101, 74.2101, 82.101; FDA approved for buccals, orals, topicals; permanently listed Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anar Int'l. http://www.anarchem.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com See also FD&C Blue No. 1 Acid blue 74 CAS 860-22-0; EINECS/ELINCS 212-728-8 INS132; E132 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Blue X; Ceruleinum; CI 73015; 2(1,3-Dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1H-indole-5sulfonic acid disodium salt; Disodium indigo-5,5-disulfonate; FD&C Blue No. 2; Food blue 1; Indigo carmine; Indigo carmine disodium salt; 5,5´-Indigotin disulfonic acid; Indigotine; Indigotine disodium salt; Sodium 5,5´indigotidisulfonate; Soluble indigo Classification: Indigoid color Definition: Disodium salt of 5,5´-indigotin disulfonic acid Empirical: C16H8N2O8S2 • 2Na Properties: Blue-brn. to red-brn. powd.; sol. in water, conc. sulfuric acid; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 466.36 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2 g/kg, (IV, rat) 93 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing., subcut. routes; may cause brain tumors, asthma, rashes, hyperactivity; IV use may produce severe headache, acute pulmonary edema with cardiac arrest, hypertension; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Sensitive to oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of SOx, NOx, Na2O Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Colorant in foods, candy, confections, beverages, dessert powds., pet foods; reagent for testing milk Regulatory: Europe listed; banned in Norway; FD&C Blue No. 2: FDA 21CFR §74.102, 74.1102, 81.1; FDA approved for orals, buccals; not permitted in food (EU) Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com See also FD&C Blue No. 2 Acid blue 9 aluminum lake. See FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake Acid blue 3, calcium salt (2:1). See Acid blue 3 Acid blue 9 disodium salt. See FD&C Blue No. 802

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1; Acid blue 9 Acid bright red; Acid brilliant red. See Acid red 1 Acid calcium phosphate. See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Acid calcium pyrophosphate, Monocalcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate. See Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate Acid magnesium citrate. See Magnesium citrate dibasic Acid magnesium phosphate. See Magnesium phosphate monobasic Acid orange 137. See Orange B Acid potassium carbonate. See Potassium bicarbonate Acid potassium sulfate. See Potassium bisulfate Acid potassium tartrate. See Potassium acid tartrate Acid quinine hydrochloride. See Quinine dihydrochloride Acid red 1 CAS 3734-67-6; EINECS/ELINCS 223-098-9 INS128; E128 Synonyms: Acetyl red G; Acid bright red; Acid brilliant red; Acid red 1, disodium salt; Acid red 2G; Amido naphthol red G; Azophloxin; Azophloxine; CI 18050; Ext. D&C Red No. 11; Food red 10; 2,7Naphthalenenedisulfonic acid, 5(acetylamino)-4-hydroxy-3-(phenylazo)-, disodium salt; Phloxine G; Red 2G Classification: Azobenzene Empirical: C18H15N3Na2O8S2 Properties: M.w. 511.46 Toxicology: Mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx and SOx Uses: Colorant in foods; colorant in breakfast sausages, burger meat (EU) Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Anar Int'l. http://www.anarchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Acid red 18 CAS 2611-82-7; EINECS/ELINCS 220-036-2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

INS124; E124 Synonyms: CI 16255; Coccine; Coccin red; Cochineal; Cochineal Red A; Food red 7; 7Hydroxy-8-[(4-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl) azo]1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, trisodium salt; 1,3-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 7hydroxy-8-[(4-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl) azo]-, trisodium salt; 1,3-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 7-hydroxy-8-((4-sulfo-1-naphthyl) azo), trisodium salt; New coccine; Ponceau 4R; 1-(4-Sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-2-naphthol-6,8disulfonic acid, trisodium salt; SX purple; Trisodium 1-(1-naphthylazo)-2hydroxynaphthalene-4´,6,8-trisulfonate Classification: Monoazo color; azobenzene Empirical: C20H14N2Na3O10S3 Properties: M.w. 607.51 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 8 g/kg, (IP, rat) 600 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 1 g/kg; may cause somnolence, convulsions, coma, changes in tubules, acute renal failure, blood changes, enzyme inhibition; tumorigen; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid strong oxidants Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Irritating and toxic fumes and gases Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep container closed when not in use Uses: Colorant in foods Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Anar Int'l. http://www.anarchem.com; Dudley http://www.dudley-chem.com/dudley.html Dynemic Prods. http://www.foodcolor.net/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Acid red 27 (INCI). See Amaranth Acid red 51. See FD&C Red No. 3 Acid red 1, disodium salt; Acid red 2G. See Acid red 1 Acid red 27, trisodium salt. See Amaranth Acid sodium phosphate. See Sodium phosphate Acid sodium pyrophosphate. See Sodium acid pyrophosphate Acid sodium sulfate. See Sodium bisulfate Acid sodium sulfite. See Sodium bisulfite Acids, soy. See Soy acid 803

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Acids, tallow. See Tallow acid Acids, tallow, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated tallow acid Acid trisodium pyrophosphate. See Trisodium diphosphate Acid yellow 3 CAS 8004-92-0; EINECS/ELINCS 305-897-5 INS104; E104 Synonyms: CI 47005; D&C Yellow No. 10; Dye quinoline yellow; FD&C Yellow No. 10; Food yellow 3; Food yellow 13; 1H-Indene1,3(2H)-dione, 2-(2-quinolinyl)-, sulfonated, sodium salts; Quinoline yellow; 2-(2Quinolyl)-1,3-indandione disulfonic acid disodium salt Classification: Quinoline color Definition: Mixt. of the disodium salts of the mono- and disulfonic acids of 2-(2-quinolyl)1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione Empirical: C18H9NNa2O8S2 Properties: Bright greenish yel.; sol. in water; sl. sol. in ethanol; pract. insol. in veg. oils; m.w. 477.37 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; low toxicity by ing.; irritant; potential allergen; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx and SOx Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: D&C Yellow No. 10: FDA 21CFR §74.2710, 74.3710, 82.1710; FDA approved for dentals, implants, orals, rectals, sublinguals, topicals Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Dynemic Prods. http://www.foodcolor.net/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com Acid yellow 17 CAS 6359-98-4; EINECS/ELINCS 228-819-0 INS107 Synonyms: CI 18965; 2,5-Dichloro-4-(4,5dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-4-((4-sulfophenyl) azo)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) benzenesulfonic acid, disodium salt; Lissamine fast yellow; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Yellow 2G Classification: Azobenzene Empirical: C16H10Cl2N4Na2O7S2 Properties: Solid; m.w. 551.30 Toxicology: May cause eye/skin/respiratory/digestive tract irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Irritating and toxic fumes and gases Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompat. substances; keep container closed when not in use Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: Not permitted for food (EU); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Anar Int'l. http://www.anarchem.com Dynemic Prods. http://www.foodcolor.net/; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Acid yellow 23 (INCI). See FD&C Yellow No. 5; Tartrazine Acid yellow 23 aluminum lake (INCI). See FD&C Yellow No. 5 aluminum lake Acid yellow 23 trisodium salt. See FD&C Yellow No. 5; Tartrazine Acimetion. See DL-Methionine Aconitic acid CAS 499-12-7; EINECS/ELINCS 207-877-0 FEMA 2010 Synonyms: Achilleic acid; Citridic acid; Equisetic acid; 1-Propene-1,2,3tricarboxylic acid; 1,2,3Propenetricarboxylic acid Definition: Occurs in leaves and tubers of Aconitum napellus and other Ranunculaceae Empirical: C6H6O6 Formula: C3H3(COOH)3 Properties: Wh. or ylsh. cryst. solid; sol. in water, alcohol; sl. sol. in ether; m.w. 174.11; m.p. > 195 C; dec. 198-199 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 180 mg/kg; poison by IV route; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent, adjuvant in 804

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1007, 582.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Biosynth Int'l. http://www.biosynth.com; CTC Orgs.; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Acorus calamus. See Calamus oil; Calamus Acorus calamus oil. See Calamus oil Acraldehyde. See Acrolein Acrolein CAS 107-02-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-453-4 UN 1092 (DOT); UN 2607 Synonyms: Acraldehyde; Acrylaldehyde; Acrylic aldehyde; Allyl aldehyde; Ethylene aldehyde; Prop-2-enal; 2-Propenal; Propylene aldehyde Classification: Acrylic aldehyde Empirical: C3H4O Formula: CH2:CHCHO Properties: Colorless to yel. liq.; pungent, burnt sweet odor; sol. in water, ethanol, diethyl ether, petrol. ether, acetone, oil; m.w. 56.06; dens. 0.8389 (20 C); m.p. -88 C; b.p. 52.5 C (760 mm); flash pt. (OC) -18 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 46 mg/kg; ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.1 ppm; human poison by inh. and intradermal route; poison experimentally by most routes; vapors cause lacrimation; primary irritant; irritates skin and mucosa; TSCA listed Environmental: Biodeg.; VOC; BOD5 0; ThOD 2.00; environmental pollutant Precaution: Extremely flamm.; unstable; polymerizes in light or presence of alkali or strong acid; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes, CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 4, Flammability 3, Reactivity 3 Uses: Etherification agent for food starch modified Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 176.300; SARA reportable; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Atofina UK http://www1.arkemagroup.com/uk/gb/f_elf_ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2.cfm Baker Petrolite http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite ; Daicel Chem. Ind. http://www.daicel.co.jp; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com LKT Labs http://www.lktlabs.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Acrylaldehyde. See Acrolein Acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer. See Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer; Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer Acrylamide/acrylic acid resin; Acrylamide/acrylic resin. See Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer Acrylamide homopolymer; Acrylamide, polymers. See Polyacrylamide Acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer CAS 25085-02-3 Synonyms: Acrylamide/sodium acrylate resin; Poly (acrylamide-sodium acrylate); 2Propenamide, polymer with 2-propenoic acid, sodium salt; 2-Propenoic acid, sodium salt, polymer with 2-propenamide Definition: Polymer of acrylamide and sodium acrylate monomers Formula: (C3H5NO • C3H4O2 • Na)x Properties: Wh., cryst., free-flowing powd; little to no odor; compeltely sol. in water; sp. gr. 0.81.0 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid contact with strong oxidants HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Direct food additive; flocculant in clarification of beet sugar juice; scale control agent in beet or cane sugar juice and liquor; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 173.5, 173.310, 175.105, 177.1010; Canada DSL Acrylamide/sodium acrylate resin. See Acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer Synonyms: AA/AM; Acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer; Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer; Propenamide, polymer with propenoic acid, butenoic acid, and/or alkyl propenoates 805

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Polymer of acrylamide and one or more monomers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or one of their simple esters Properties: Nonionic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Flocculant in clarification of beet sugar juice/liquor, cane sugar juice/liquor, corn starch hydrolysate; scale control agent in beet or cane sugar juice and liquor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.5, 175.105, 176.110 Trade Names: Amerfloc® 275 Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer CAS 9003-06-9 Synonyms: Acrylamide/acrylate copolymer; Acrylamide/acrylate polymer; Acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer; Acrylamide/acrylic acid resin; Acrylamide/acrylic resin; Acrylic acid/acrylamide polymer; Acrylic acid, polymer with acrylamide; Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide; Poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid); Polyacrylamide, hydrolyzed; Poly (acrylic acid-acrylamide); 2-Propenamide, polymer with 2-propenoic acid; 2Propenamide-2-propenoic acid polymer; 2Propenoic acid, polymer with 2propenamide Classification: Acrylic Empirical: (C3H5NO • C3H4O2)x Formula: [CH2CH(CONH2)]x[CH2CH(CO2H)]y Properties: Solid; sol. in water and some protonic solvs.; m.w. (143.14)x; sp.gr. 0.750 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2500 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 10,000 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) 720 mg/l; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; severe eye irritant; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, copper, copper alloys, aluminum; insolubilized by chromic salts; capable of creating dust explosion in powd. form Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx, ammonia; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Direct food additive; flocculant in clarification of beet sugar or cane sugar Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

juice and liquor or corn starch hydrolysate; scale control agent in beet or cane sugar juice and liquor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §57.3, 173.5, 175.105, 176.110, 176.180; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com See also Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer Acrylic acid/acrylamide polymer. See Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer Acrylic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl acrylate Acrylic acid homopolymer; Acrylic acid polymer. See Polyacrylic acid Acrylic acid, polymer with acrylamide. See Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer Acrylic acid, polymers; Acrylic acid resin. See Polyacrylic acid Acrylic aldehyde. See Acrolein Acrylic polymer; Acrylic polymer resins; Acrylic resin. See Polyacrylic acid Acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer; Acrylonitrile/butadiene rubber; Acrylonitrile rubber. See Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer Activated alumina; Activated aluminum oxide. See Alumina Activated attapulgite. See Attapulgite Activated carbon. See Carbon, activated Active amyl alcohol. See 2-Methyl-1-butanol Active carbon. See Carbon, activated Active primary amyl alcohol. See 2-Methyl-1butanol Active valeric acid. See 2-Methylbutyric acid Acyl lactylates Properties: Anionic Uses: W/o emulsifiers, ingredients in food prods. ADA; ADC. See Azodicarbonamide Adeps bovis. See Tallow Adeps lanae. See Lanolin Adeps suillus. See Lard Adermine hydrochloride. See Pyridoxine HCl Adiantum capillus veneris; Adiantum capillus veneris extract; Adiantum pedatum extract. See Maidenhair fern (Adiantum capillusveneris) extract Adipic acid CAS 124-04-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-673-3 UN NA 9077 (DOT); FEMA 2011; INS355 Synonyms: AA; 1,4-Butanedicarboxylic acid; Butane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid; Dicarboxylic 806

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acid C6; Hexanedioic acid; 1,6-Hexanedioic acid Classification: Organic dicarboxylic acid Empirical: C6H10O4 Formula: HOOC(CH2)4COOH Properties: Wh. monoclinic prisms, pract. odorless; very sol. in alcohol; sol. in acetone, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 146.16; dens. 1.360 (25/4 C); vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (159.5 C); m.p. 152 C; b.p. 337.5 C; flash pt. (CC) 385 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 1900 mg/kg; ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by other routes; severe eye irritant; may cause occupational asthma; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; can react with oxidizing material Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Flavoring agent, leavening agent, neutralizer, acidulant, pH control agent in foods, baked goods, baking powds., beverages, condiments, dairy prods., frozen desserts, edible oils, fats, gelatin, gravies, margarine, meat prods., oils, snacks; puddings; starch crosslinking agent Regulatory: NF, BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §131.111, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1200, 177.1390, 177.1500, 177.1630, 177.1680, 177.2420, 177.2600, 184.1009, 582.1009, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Japan approved; Europe listed (ADI 0-5 mg/kg, free acid basis); UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Asahi Chem. Ind. http://www.asahi-kasei.co.jp Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmioriginates.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Inolex http://www.inolex.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kanto Denka Kogyo http://www.kantodenka.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Solutia http://www.solutia.com; http://www.coatings-solutia.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sumitomo Chem. http://www.sumitomochem.co.jp; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com United Min. & Chem. http://www.umccorp.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Adi-pure® Adipic acid diammonium salt. See Ammonium adipate Adipic acid, diethyl ester. See Diethyl adipate Adipic acid sodium salt. See Sodium adipate Adipic anhydride CAS 2035-75-8 Uses: Prep. of modified food starch Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; Canada DSL Adipic ketone. See Cyclopentanone 807

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ADPA. See Etidronic acid Adronol acetate. See Cyclohexyl acetate AF red no. 1. See Ponceau 3R Agar CAS 9002-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-658-1 FEMA 2012; INS406; E406 Synonyms: Agar-agar; Agar agar flake; Agar agar gum; Bengal gelatin; Bengal isinglass; Ceylon isinglass; Chinese isinglass; Gelose; Japan agar; Japan isinglass Definition: A colloidal polygalactoside derived from Gelidium spp. or red algae, Rhodoyceae; polysaccharide mixture of agarose and agaropectin Properties: Wh. to pale yel. flake, powd., or gran., either odorless or sl. char. odor; sol. in boiling water; insol. in cold water, org. solvs. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 11 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; occasional allergen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier, thickener, drying agent, surface finishing agent, formulation aid, humectant, protective colloid in foods; antistaling agent in baking, confections, meats, poultry; stabilizer, gellant, thickener in processed foods, desserts, beverages; flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, icings, meringue Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §150.141, 150.161, 184.1115, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AEP Colloids http://www.aepcolloids.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns. Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alfred L. Wolff Inc http://www.alwolff.com; Am. Biorganics Anilax http://www.anilax.com/; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cesalpinia Food http://www.cesalpiniafood.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Colloides Naturels; Colony Ind.; F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/ Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GivaudanQuest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/ Gumix Int'l.; Healan Ingreds. Ltd http://www.healan.com/; Hercules Ltd; Hispanagar http://www.hispanagar.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lucid Colloids http://www.lucidgroup.com/; MLG Enterprises; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Roche Diagnostics http://www.roche-appliedscience.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; USB Spec. Biochems. http://www.usbweb.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names: Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; MingQiong Brand Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar 808

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K150 TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 100 FCC/NF Powder; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 110 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 150 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar RS-100 Powder; TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-500 Powder Trade Names Containing: Cameo® Showcase; Cameo Velvet®; Cameo Velvet WT; Glacier II; Paniset® Panistay®; Permitex Agar-agar; Agar agar flake; Agar agar gum. See Agar Agate. See Novaculite; Quartz Agricultural lime. See Calcium hydroxide Agricultural limestone. See Calcium carbonate ALA. See Thioctic acid Alabaster. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Alanine (INCI). See L-Alanine α-Alanine. See DL-Alanine; L-Alanine DL-Alanine CAS 302-72-7; EINECS/ELINCS 206-126-4 Synonyms: α-Alanine; dl-2-Aminopropanoic acid; dl-α-Aminopropanoic acid; 2Aminopropionic acid; α-Aminopropionic acid Classification: Nonaromatic amino acid Definition: Racemic mixt. of D- and L-alanine Empirical: C3H7NO2 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless, sweet taste; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 89.09; dens. 1.40 kg/l; m.p. 295 C (dec.); sublimes @ 200 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Dietary supplement, nutrient; sweetener for prepared foods; flavor enhancer for sweeteners in pickling mixts. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.540; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; Evonik Degussa Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Interchem http://www.interchem.com Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com L-Alanine CAS 56-41-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-273-8 FEMA 3818 Synonyms: Alanine (INCI); α-Alanine; L-αAlanine; 1,2-Aminopropanoic acid; 2Aminopropionic acid; L-2-Aminopropionic acid; L-α-Aminopropionic acid Classification: Amino acid Empirical: C3H7NO2 Formula: CH3CHNH2COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless, sweet taste; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 89.09; dens. 1.401; m.p. 297 C (dec.) Toxicology: Mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, limitation 6.1% by wt.; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomotousa.com; http://www.ajichem.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Integra 809

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penn BioOrganics http://www.pennbio.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com L-α-Alanine. See L-Alanine β-Alanine, N-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-1oxobutyl)-, monosodium salt (R)-. See Sodium pantothenate Alanine, phenyl-; Alanine, 3-phenyl-. See LPhenylalanine Alanine, phenyl-, D-. See D-Phenylalanine l-Alanine, phenyl-. See L-Phenylalanine Albacol. See Propyl alcohol Albumen CAS 9006-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-936-2 Synonyms: Albumin; Dried egg white; Egg albumin Definition: Dried whites of chicken eggs Properties: Yel. amorphous lumps, scales, or powd.; swells in water, then dissolves gradually; decomp. in moist air; dens. 1.035; m.p. -0.42 C; coagulating temp. 61 C; ref. index 1.356; pH 7.6 Toxicology: May cause allergic reactions in people allergic to milk or eggs; TSCA listed Uses: Protective colloid and emulsifier in food preps., confectionery, baking; clarifying agent, refining agent for wines and vinegar Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §160.145 Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alfred L. Wolff GmbH http://www.alwolff.de; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com; Am. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tartaric Prods. http://www.americantartaric.com Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; British Bakels http://www.bakels.com; Farbest Brands http://www.farbest.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Igreca http://www.igreca.com/; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King Trade Names: EE 90 FX; Egg White Solids Type P-18G; Egg White Solids Type P-19; Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-21 Egg White Solids Type P-39; Egg White Solids Type P-110; Hentex Type P-100; Hentex Type P-1100; Sol-U-Tein EA Trade Names Containing: Egg White Solids Type P-18; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC; Hentex Type P-600 Albumin. See Albumin macro aggregates; Albumen Albumin macro aggregates CAS 70536-17-3 Synonyms: Albumin; MAA Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rat) 17 mg/kg; poison by IV route Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Binder, fining agent in foods, imitation sausage, soups, stews, wine Regulatory: BATF 27CFR §240.1051 Alcalase. See Protease Alcohol CAS 64-17-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-578-6 UN 1170 (DOT); UN 1986 (DOT); UN 1987 (DOT); FEMA 2419 Synonyms: Absolute alcohol; Absolute ethanol; Distilled spirits; Ethanol; Ethanol, undenatured; Ethyl alcohol; Ethyl alcohol, undenatured; Ethyl hydrate; Ethyl hydroxide; EtOH; Grain alcohol; IMS; 810

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Industrial methylated spirit; Methylcarbinol; Spirits of wine Definition: Undenatured ethyl alcohol Empirical: C2H6O Formula: CH3CH2OH Properties: Colorless limpid, volatile liq., vinous odor, pungent taste; misc. with water, methanol, ether, chloroform, 95% acetone, oxygenated/chlorinated solvs.; m.w. 46.08; dens. 0.816 (15.5 C); vapor pressure 44.6 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. -117.3 C; b.p. 78.3 C; flash pt. (CC) 12.7 C; autoignition temp. 362 C; ref. index 1.365 (15 C); surf. tens. 21.99 dynes/cm Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1000 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 7060 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 3750 mg/kg; mod. toxic to humans by ing.; mod. toxic by IV and IP routes; mildly toxic by inh., skin contact; eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant; severe skin irritant; human systemic effects; CNS depressant; ing. of lg. doses can cause alcohol poisoning; human carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen; human reproductive effects by ing., IV; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.27; COD 1.99; ThOD 2.09 Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; dangerous fire and explosion hazard; can react vigorously with oxidizers; reacts violently with many chemicals NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Antimicrobial, extraction solvent, vehicle in foods, pizza crust, alcoholic beverages; flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, maple syrup, alcoholic beverages, condiments, dairy prods.; processing aid (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.30, 73.345, 73.615, 169.3, 169.175, 169.176, 169.177, 169.178, 169.180, 169.181, 172.340, 172.560, 175.105, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1440, 177.1650, 178.1010, 184.1293, GRAS; 27CFR §2.5, 2.12; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; NF compliance (alcohol diluted); SARA §311/312 acute health/chronic health/fire hazard; BP, EP compliance; Japan restricted Manuf./Distrib.: ADM Ethanol Sales; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aldrich Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Carbery Food Ingreds. Ltd http://www.carbery.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Dow http://www.dow.com EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Equistar http://www.equistarchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/ Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Quaker City; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; 811

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Veltek Assoc. http://www.sterile.com Trade Names: Alcohol Surfin Plus Trade Names Containing: Kleistase E5S; LacGlaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N Lac-Glaze 32E; Lac-Glaze 32E-N; Lemon Flavor WONF #8545; Oxynex® L; Phosal® 53 MCT Phosal® 75 SA; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-15D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA20D; Ryoto Sugar Ester LWA-1570; Shokusen SE Sustane SAIB ET-10 Alcohol C3. See Propyl alcohol Alcohol C-5. See n-Amyl alcohol Alcohol C6. See Hexyl alcohol Alcohol C7. See Heptyl alcohol Alcohol C8. See 2-Ethylhexanol; Caprylic alcohol Alcohol C-9. See Nonyl alcohol Alcohol C10. See Decyl alcohol Alcohol C11. See Undecyl alcohol Alcohol C12. See Lauryl alcohol Alcohol C16. See Cetyl alcohol Alcohol C-11 undecylenic. See Undecen-1-ol Alcohol C11 undecylic. See Undecyl alcohol Alcohol, denatured formula 23A. See SD alcohol 23-A Alcohols, tallow, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated tallow alcohol Aldehyde 14. See Undecanal Aldehyde C1. See Formaldehyde Aldehyde C3. See Propionaldehyde Aldehyde C-5. See n-Valeraldehyde Aldehyde C-6. See Hexanal Aldehyde C-7. See Heptanal Aldehyde C-8. See n-Octanal Aldehyde C-9. See Nonanal Aldehyde C10. See Decanal Aldehyde C-12. See Lauric aldehyde; Methyl nonyl acetaldehyde Aldehyde C-14. See Myristaldehyde Aldehyde C14. See γ-Undecalactone Aldehyde C-16. See Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Aldehyde C18. See γ-Nonalactone Aldehyde C-7 dimethyl acetal. See Heptanal dimethyl acetal Aldehyde C-10 dimethyl acetal. See Decanal dimethyl acetal Aldehyde C-12 lauric; Aldehyde C-12 lauryl. See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lauric aldehyde Aldehyde C-12 MNA. See Methyl nonyl acetaldehyde Aldehyde C-14, myristic. See Myristaldehyde Aldehyde C14 pure. See γ-Undecalactone Aldehyde C-16 pure. See Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Aldehyde C-11 undecyclic. See Undecanal Aldehyde C-11 undecylenic. See 9-Undecenal; 10-Undecenal Aldehyde MNA. See Methyl nonyl acetaldehyde Alecost. See Costmary (Chrysanthemum balsamita) Aleurites moluccana; Aleurites moluccana oil. See Kukui (Aleurites moluccana) nut oil Alfalfa extract; Alfalfa herb extract. See Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) extract Alfalfa, herb and seed. See Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) CAS 977092-93-5 Synonyms: Alfalfa, herb and seed; Lucerne Definition: Herb and seed from Medicago sativa Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Natural flavoring agent and nutrient in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) extract CAS 84082-36-0; EINECS/ELINCS 281-984-0 FEMA 2013 Synonyms: Alfalfa extract; Alfalfa herb extract; Lucerne extract; Medicago sativa; Medicago sativa extract; Purple medick extract Definition: Extract of alfalfa, Medicago sativa Uses: Natural flavoring agent in beverages, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/ 812

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference

Algin CAS 9005-38-3 FEMA 2014, 2015; INS401; E401 Synonyms: Alginate, sodium salt; Alginic acid, monosodium salt; Alginic acid,

sodium salt; Algin (polysaccharide); Sodium alginate; Sodium polymannuronate Classification: Hydrophilic polysaccharide Definition: Purified carbohydrate prod. extracted from brown seaweed; sodium salt of alginic acid Empirical: (C6H7NaO6)n Properties: Cream-colored powd., pract. odorless and tasteless; sol. in water forming a gel; insol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; m.w. 198.11; dens. 1.59 kg/l; dec. on heating above 150 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (IV, rat) 1000 mg/kg, (IP, cat) 250 mg/kg; poison by IV and IP routes; causes blood hemorrhage in mice; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Stabilizer for ice cream; thickener, emulsifier, firming agent, flavor enhancer/adjuvant, formulation aid, processing aid, surfactant, texturizer for foods, hard candy, confections, frostings, fruit juice, gelatins, sauces, toppings, ice cream; stabilizer, gellant for prepared foods; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.133, 133.134, 133.162, 133.178, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 173.310, 184.1724, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ABCR http://www.abcr.de; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BDH; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

813

Algae Definition: Plant material obtained from various species of Algae Uses: Flavor enhancer in spices, seasonings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1120, 184.1121, GRAS Algae, brown Synonyms: Brown algae Definition: Seaweeds of Analipus japonicus, Eisenia bicyclis, Hizikia fusiforme, Kjellmaniella gyrata, Laminaria angustata, L. claustonia, L. digitata, L. japonica, L. longicruris, Macrocystis pyrifera, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Flavor adjuvant, flavor enhancer for spices, seasonings, and flavorings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1120, GRAS Algae meal, dried CAS 977010-47-1 Definition: Mixt. of algae cells from Spongiococcum, molasses, corn steep liquor; max. 0.3% ethoxyquin Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Colorant for chicken feed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.275; not permitted in food (EU) Algae, red CAS 977007-74-1 Synonyms: Red algae Definition: Seaweeds of Gloiopeltis furcata, Porphyra crispata, P. deutata, P. perforata, P. suborbiculata, P. tenera, Rhodymenia palmata Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Flavor adjuvant, flavor enhancer for spices, seasonings, and flavorings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1121, GRAS Algaroba. See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Algerian geranium oil. See Geranium maculatum oil

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Colony Ind. Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com; Fallek; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; San Yuan; Sanofi-aventis http://www.sanofiaventis.us; Sansho http://www.sansho.co.jp Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Dariloid® QH; Grindsted™ Alginate FD 100; Kelcosol®; KELGIN® F; KELGIN® HV KELGIN® LV; KELGIN® MV; KELGIN® QL; KELGIN® XL; KELSET® Keltone®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Kelvis®; Manucol® DH Manucol® DM; Manucol® DMF; Manucol® LB; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB Manugel® GHB; Manugel® GMB; Prime Alginate F-400; Prime Alginate F-500; Prime Alginate F-600 Prime Alignate F-25; Prime Alignate F-40; Prime Alignate F-200; Scogin™ HV; Scogin™ LV

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Scogin™ MV; Sodium Alginate HV; Sodium Alginate LV; TIC Pretested® Colloid 488T Powd. Trade Names Containing: Concentrated DARILOID® XL; DARILOID®; DP 40; Lacticol® CFT; Lacticol® F336 Manucol® JKT; MANUCOL® SMF; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® L98 Manugel® PTJ; Textureze™ NB 100; Textureze™ MT 200 Alginate, sodium salt. See Algin Algin gum. See Calcium carrageenan Alginic acid CAS 9005-32-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-680-1 INS400; E400 Synonyms: Landalgine; Norgine; Polymannuronic acid; Sazzio Definition: Hydrophilic colloidal carbohydrate derived from brown seaweed, Phaeophyceae; polysaccharide composed of β-d-mannuronic acid residues Empirical: (C6H8O6)n Properties: Wh. to yel. fibrous powd., odorless, tasteless; sol. in alkaline sol'ns.; very sl. sol. in water; insol. in org. solvs.; capable of absorbing 200-300 times its wt. of water; m.w. ≈ 240,000; acid no. ≥ 230; pH 1.5-3.5 (3% disp.) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 1600 mg/kg; moderately toxic by IP route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, gellant, binder, suspending agent, formulation aid for foods, soups, soup mixes; protective colloid in ice cream; thickener, binder in animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1011, GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Arthur Branwell http://www.branwell.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com; Camida Ltd 814

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com ISP Alginates http://www.ispcorp.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Sanofiaventis http://www.sanofi-aventis.us Sansho http://www.sansho.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stauber Perf. Ingreds. http://www.stauberusa.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Grindsted™ Alginate FD 000; KELACID® NF Alginic acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium alginate Alginic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium alginate Alginic acid, ester with 1,2-propanediol. See Propylene glycol alginate Alginic acid, monosodium salt. See Algin Alginic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium alginate Alginic acid, sodium salt; Algin (polysaccharide). See Algin Aliphatic petroleum distillate. See Naphtha, light aliphatic Alitame CAS 80863-62-3 (anhyd.); CAS 99016-42-9 (hyd.) INS956; E956 Synonyms: L-α-Aspartyl-N-(2,2,4,4tetramethyl-3-thietanyl)-D-alaninamide, hydrated Definition: Dipeptide made of two amin acids, Laspartic acid and D-alanine Empirical: C14H25N3O4S • 2.5 H2O Properties: Wh., crystalline powd., odorless or sl. characteristic odor; freely sol. in water and ethanol ; ≈ 2000 times sweeter than sucrose Uses: Sweetener for foods Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ingreds. http://www.advancedingredients.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; TasteTech Ltd http://www.tastetech.co.uk Trade Names: Aclame™ Alkane C4. See Butane Alkane C6. See Hexane Alkane C7. See Heptane Alkanes, C7-8-iso-. See C7-8 isoparaffin Alkanes, C8-9-iso-. See C8-9 isoparaffin Alkanes, C9-11-iso-. See C9-11 isoparaffin Alkanes, C9-13-iso-. See C9-13 isoparaffin Alkanes, C10-11-iso-. See C10-11 isoparaffin Alkanes, C11-12-iso-. See C11-12 isoparaffin Alkanes, C11-13-iso-. See C11-13 isoparaffin Alkanes, C12-14-iso-. See C12-14 isoparaffin Alkanes, C13-14-iso-. See C13-14 isoparaffin Alkanes, C13-16-iso-. See C13-16 isoparaffin Alkanes, C20-40-iso-. See C20-40 isoparaffin Alkanes, iso-, C8-9. See C8-9 isoparaffin Alkanes, iso-, C10-11. See C10-11 isoparaffin Alkanes, iso-, C11-12. See C11-12 isoparaffin Alkanes, iso-, C11-13. See C11-13 isoparaffin Alkanes, iso-, C13-14. See C13-14 isoparaffin Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria) extract CAS 85251-58-7; 23444-65-7; EINECS/ELINCS 286-471-5 FEMA 2016; INS103 Synonyms: Alkanet extract; Alkanet root extract; Alkanna tinctoria; Alkanna tinctoria extract; Spanish bugloss extract Definition: Extract of the roots of Alkanna tinctoria Uses: Colorant for sausage casings, oleomargarine, shortenings, confectionery, wines Regulatory: Cleared by MID; not listed as approved colorant for cosmetics under FDA 21CFR §73 and 74; FEMA GRAS delisted; Japan approved; not permitted for food (EU) Alkanet extract; Alkanet root extract; Alkanna tinctoria; Alkanna tinctoria extract. See Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria) extract Alkylbenzenesulfonate sodium. See Sodium Nalkylbenzenesulfonate Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride. See Benzalkonium chloride Alkyl C16-18 methyl esters. See Methyl canolate Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Benzalkonium chloride Alkyl dimethyl betaine. See Coco-betaine 815

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Alkyldimethyl (phenylmethyl) quaternary ammonium chlorides; Alkyl ((ethylphenyl) methyl) dimethyl quaternary ammonium chlorides. See Benzalkonium chloride Alletone. See 4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H) furanone Allied whiting. See Calcium carbonate Alligator pear oil. See Avocado (Persea gratissima) oil Allium cepa; Allium cepa extract. See Onion (Allium cepa) extract Allium cepa oil. See Onion (Allium cepa) oil Allium sativum; Allium sativum extract. See Garlic (Allium sativum) extract Allium sativum oil. See Garlic (Allium sativum) oil DL-allo-Isoleucine. See DL-Isoleucine Allomaleic acid. See Fumaric acid Allomaleic acid dimethyl ester. See Dimethyl fumarate Allspice extract. See Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) extract Allspice oleoresin. See Oleoresin allspice Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil CAS 8006-77-7; EINECS/ELINCS 284-540-4 FEMA 2018 Synonyms: Pimenta berries oil; Pimenta berry oil; Pimenta officinalis; Pimenta officinalis oil; Pimenta oil; Pimentoberry oil; Pimento berry oil; Pimento oil Definition: Volatile oil from fruit of Pimenta officinalis, contg. eugenol Properties: Colorless, yel. or reddish liq., allspice odor and taste; becomes darker with age; sol. in glac. acetic acid, 1 vol 90% alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; dens. 1.018-1.048; ref. index 1.527-1.540 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3600 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2820 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; severe skin and eye irritation; weak sensitizer; may cause dermatitis on local contact; mutation data reported; eugenol is mod. toxic; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, meats, condiments, pickles, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Aromas http://www.phoenixaromas.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Allspice (Pimenta officinalis) CAS 977051-72-1 FEMA 2017 Synonyms: Pimenta oil; Pimento oil Definition: Distilled from the fruit of Pimenta officinalis Properties: Yel. to red-yel. liq., odor and taste of allspice; dens. 1.018-1.048; ref. index 1.5271.540 (20 C) Toxicology: Skin irritant Precaution: Combustible Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments, meats, cakes, fruit pies, mincemeat, plum pudding, sauces, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com Allura red; Allura red AC. See FD&C Red No. 40 Allyl acetate CAS 591-87-7; EINECS/ELINCS 209-734-8 UN 2333 (DOT) Synonyms: Acetic acid, allyl ester; Acetic acid, 2-propenyl ester; 3-Acetoxy propene; 3-Acetoxy-1-propene; 2-Propenyl acetate; 2Propenylethanoate Classification: Carboxylic acid ester Empirical: C5H8O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; acrid odor; sol. in acetone, alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 100.13; dens. 0.928; m.p. -22 C; b.p. 103-104 816

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference C; flash pt. (OC) 22 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 130 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1021 mg/kg; toxic by ing.; mod. toxic by inh. and skin contact; skin and eye irritant; causes liver damage; vapors can probably cause mod. to severe irritation to nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract; high concs. can cause CNS depression symptoms; may be harmful by skin absorption; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; dangerous fire hazard; may undergo polymerization in presence of polymerization initiators (e.g., peroxides) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Inoue Perfumery Mfg. http://www.ino-p.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp Allyl acetate; Allylacetic acid. See 4-Pentenoic acid Allyl aldehyde. See Acrolein Allyl 2-aminobenzoate; Allyl o-aminobenzoate. See Allyl anthranilate 4-Allylanisole; p-Allylanisole. See Estragole Allyl anthranilate CAS 7493-63-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-331-0 UN 2810 (DOT); FEMA 2020 Synonyms: Allyl 2-aminobenzoate; Allyl oaminobenzoate; 2-Aminobenzoic acid, allyl ester; Benzoic acid, 2-amino-, 2-propenyl ester Empirical: C10H11NO2 Properties: Colorless to golden clear liq.; floral grape odor; sol. in alcohol, DMSO, benzene; insol. in water; m.w. 177.21; sp.gr. 1.11001.1200; b.p. 105 C (2 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 110 C; ref. index 1.566-1.576 (20 C) Toxicology: Toxic; may be irritating to skin and eyes; may cause liver damage; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ground- and surf.-water Precaution: Probably combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Protect from air and light; store in cool, well-ventilated area under an inert atmosphere; store in a freezer; keep away from ignition sources and naked flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 5-Allyl-1,3-benzodioxole. See Safrol Allyl butanoate. See Allyl butyrate Allyl butyrate CAS 2051-78-7; EINECS/ELINCS 218-129-8 FEMA 2021 Synonyms: Allyl butanoate; Butyric acid, allyl ester; 2-Propenyl butanoate; Vinyl carbinyl butyrate Empirical: C7H12O2 Properties: M.w. 128.17; dens. 0.902; b.p. 44-45 C; flash pt. 107 F; ref. index 1.4158 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 250 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 530 mg/kg; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by skin contact; primary irritant; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Apricot, peach-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Lancaster Synthesis UK http://www.lancastersynthesis.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com 817

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allyl caproate CAS 123-68-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-642-4 UN 2810; FEMA 2032 Synonyms: Allyl capronate; Allyl hexanoate; Allyl hexoate; Caproic acid allyl ester; Hexanoic acid, 2-propenyl ester; 2-Propenyl hexanoate; 2-Propenyl-N-hexanoate Empirical: C9H16O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)4COOCH2CH=CH2 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq., pineapple aroma; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 156.23; dens. 0.887; vapor dens. 5.3; b.p. 75-76 C; flash pt. 151 F; ref. index 1.4243 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 218 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 300 mg/kg; poison by ing., skin contact; human skin irritant; mutation data; respiratory system irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear protective gloves, splashproof goggles Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes, COx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Pungent, fatty, fruity, pineapple-like flavor and fragrance (rum- and pineapple-like on dilution) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Chinessence

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.chinessence.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allyl capronate. See Allyl caproate Allyl caprylate. See Allyl octanoate Allylcatechol methylene ether. See Safrol Allyl cinnamate CAS 1866-31-5; EINECS/ELINCS 217-477-8 FEMA 2022 Synonyms: Allyl-3-phenylacrylate; Propenyl cinnamate; 3-Propenyl 3-phenyl-2propenoate; Vinyl carbinyl cinnamate Empirical: C12H12O2 Properties: Colorless to light yel. liq.; cherry odor; sol. in ether, alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 188.24; dens. 1.052 (25/25 C); b.p. 150-152 C (15 mm); flash pt. >230 F; ref. index 1.5661 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1520 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Peach-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 818

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Allyl cyclohexaneacetate CAS 4728-82-9; EINECS/ELINCS 225-230-0 FEMA 2023 Synonyms: Allyl cyclohexylacetate; Cyclohexylacetic acid allyl ester; 2Propenyl cyclohexaneacetate Empirical: C11H18O2 Properties: Liq., intense fruity aroma; m.w. 182.26; b.p. 66 C; ref. index 1.4574 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 900 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1250 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ChemSampCo http://www.chemsampco.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate CAS 7493-65-4 FEMA 2024 Synonyms: Allyl cyclohexyl butyrate; Allyl 4cyclohexyl butyrate; Allyl hexahydrophenyl butyrate; Cyclohexane butanoic acid 2propenyl ester; Cyclohexane butyric acid allyl ester; 2-Propen-1-yl cyclohexane butyrate Empirical: C13H22O2 Properties: Colorless liq., pineapple odor; m.w. 210.31; b.p. 104 C (1 mm); ref. index 1.4608 (20 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ChemSampCo http://www.chemsampco.com Allyl cyclohexanehexanoate CAS 7493-66-5 FEMA 2025 Synonyms: Allyl cyclohexylcaproate; Allyl cyclohexylcapronate; Cyclohexane hexanoic acid 2-propenyl ester; 2- Propen1-yl cyclohexane caproate; Prop-2-enyl 6cyclohexyl hexanoate Empirical: C14H28O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in oils and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ethanol; insol. in water; m.w. 238.37; sp. gr. 0.90000-0.90500; b.p. 128 C @ 1.5mm Hg; ref. index 1.462 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Weak, fatty, fruity odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Allyl cyclohexanepropionate CAS 2705-87-5; EINECS/ELINCS 220-292-5 FEMA 2026 Synonyms: Allyl-3-cyclohexanepropionate; Allyl cyclohexylpropionate; 3Allylcyclohexyl propionate; Allyl 3cyclohexylpropionate; Allyl hexahydrophenylpropionate; Cyclohexylpropionic acid allyl ester; 2Propenyl 3-cyclohexanepropanoate Classification: cycloaliphatic ester Empirical: C12H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; pineapple odor; misc. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; insol. in glycerin, water; m.w. 196.32; dens. 0.945-0.950; b.p. 91 C (0.13 kPa); flash pt. 212 F; ref. index 1.4571.463 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 585 mg/kg, (oral, guinea pig) 380 mg/kg; poison by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, icings Features: Sweet pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Inoue Perfumery Mfg. http://www.ino-p.com/; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances http://www.iff.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; S. 819

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Black http://www.sblack.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/ T. Hasegawa http://www.t-hasegawa.co.jp Allyl-3-cyclohexanepropionate. See Allyl cyclohexanepropionate Allyl cyclohexanevalerate CAS 7493-68-7 FEMA 2027 Synonyms: Allyl cyclohexylpentanoate; Cyclohexane pentanoic acid 2-propenyl ester; Cyclohexane valeric acid allyl ester; 2- Propen-1-yl cyclohexane pentanoate Empirical: C14H24O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq., char. fruity aroma; m.w. 224.34; b.p. 119 C; ref. index 1.4605 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Allyl cyclohexylacetate. See Allyl cyclohexaneacetate Allyl cyclohexyl butyrate; Allyl 4-cyclohexyl butyrate. See Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate Allyl cyclohexylcaproate; Allyl cyclohexylcapronate. See Allyl cyclohexanehexanoate Allyl cyclohexylpentanoate. See Allyl cyclohexanevalerate Allyl cyclohexylpropionate; 3-Allylcyclohexyl propionate; Allyl 3-cyclohexylpropionate. See Allyl cyclohexanepropionate 1-Allyl-3,4-dimethoxybenzene. See Methyl eugenol 4-Allyl-1,2-dimethoxybenzene. See Methyl isoeugenol; Methyl eugenol Allyl trans-2,3-dimethylacrylate. See Allyl tiglate Allyldioxybenzene methylene ether. See Safrol Allyl disulfanyl-propene. See Allyl disulfide Allyl disulfide CAS 2179-57-9; EINECS/ELINCS 218-548-6 UN 2810; FEMA 2028 Synonyms: Allyl disulfanyl-propene; Diallyl disulfide; Disulfide, di-2-propenyl; 4,5Dithia-1,7-octadiene; 2-Propenyl disulfide Classification: Nonaromatic mercaptan Empirical: C6H10S2 Properties: Liq., char. garlic odor; sol. in most common org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 146.28; dens. 1.008; b.p. 138-139 C; flash pt. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

144 F; ref. index 1.541 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 260 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3600 mg/kg; toxic; severe irritant; stench; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; wear protective gloves, splash-proof eye goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, SOx Storage: Refrigerate Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com; LKT Labs http://www.lktlabs.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allyl enanthate. See Allyl heptanoate Allyl 2-ethylbutyrate CAS 7493-69-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-332-6 FEMA 2029 Synonyms: 2- Propenyl 2-ethylbutyrate Empirical: C9H16O2 Properties: Liq., ethereal, oily fruity odor; sol. in ethanol; misc. with essential oils and flavor materials; insol. in water; m.w. 156.23; sp. gr. 0.882-0.887; b.p. 165-167 C; acid no. 1 max.; ref. index 1.4240 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, puddings Features: Sl. fruit-like note Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allyl 2-furancarboxylate; Allyl furoate. See Allyl 2-furoate 820

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Allyl 2-furoate CAS 4208-49-5; EINECS/ELINCS 224-128-3 FEMA 2030 Synonyms: Allyl 2-furancarboxylate; Allyl furoate; 2-Furancarboxylic acid, 2-propenyl ester; 2-Propenyl furan-2-carboxylate Empirical: C8H8O3 Properties: Colorless or pale straw liq.; caramel, fruity, jam odor; darkens on exposure to air and daylight; m.w. 152.15; sp.gr. 1.181 (23 C); b.p. 206-209 C; flash pt. 205 F; ref. index 1.4945 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation, irritation to mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allylguaiacol; 4-Allylguaiacol. See Eugenol Allyl hendecenoate. See Allyl 10-undecenoate Allyl heptanoate CAS 142-19-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-527-1 FEMA 2031 Synonyms: Allyl enanthate; Allyl heptoate; Allyl heptylate; Allyl oenanthate; 2-Propenyl heptanoate Empirical: C10H18O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)5COOCH2CHCH2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., fruity sweet pineapple, ester-like odor; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 170.28; dens. 0.880; vapor dens. 5.8; b.p. 210 C; flash pt. 154 F; ref. index 1.426 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 810 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion, skin contact; human skin irritant; TSCA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes, COx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Apricot, banana, berry, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Jiande City Xinhua http://www.xhchem.com Lancaster Synthesis UK http://www.lancastersynthesis.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Aromas http://www.phoenixaromas.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/ Allyl heptoate; Allyl heptylate. See Allyl heptanoate Allyl 2,4-hexadienoate. See Allyl sorbate Allyl hexahydrophenyl butyrate. See Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate Allyl hexahydrophenylpropionate. See Allyl cyclohexanepropionate Allyl hexanoate; Allyl hexoate. See Allyl caproate 4-Allyl-1-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzene. See Eugenol Allyl ionone. See Allyl α-ionone 821

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Allyl α-ionone CAS 79-78-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-225-9 FEMA 2033 Synonyms: Allyl ionone; Cetone V; 1,6Heptadien-3-one; 1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2cyclohexene-1-yl)-1,6-heptadiene-3-one; 1(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl) hepta-1,6dien-3-one Empirical: C16H24O Properties: Colorless to yel. liq., fruity woody odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 232.40; dens. 0.928-0.935; b.p. 102-104 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.503-1.507 Toxicology: LD50 (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, toppings Features: Fruity flavor Use Level: Trace to 2% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Lothar Streeck http://www.lothar-streeck.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allyl isorhodanide; Allyl isosulfocyanate. See Allyl isothiocyanate Allyl isothiocyanate CAS 57-06-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-309-2 UN 1545 (DOT); FEMA 2034 Synonyms: Allyl isorhodanide; Allyl isosulfocyanate; Allyl mustard oil; Allyl thiocarbonimide; Artificial mustard oil; 3Isothiocyanato-1-propene; Isothiocyanic acid allyl ester; Mustard oil; 3-Propenyl isothiocyanate; Synthetic mustard oil; Volatile oil of mustard Classification: isothiocyanate Empirical: C4H5NS Formula: CH2=CHCH2NCS Properties: Colorless-pale yel. liq., pungent irritable odor, sharp pungent mustard taste; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

misc. with alcohol, carbon disulfide, ether, most org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 99.16; dens. 1.013-1.016; m.p. -80 C; b.p. 150.7 C; flash pt. 115 F; ref. index 1.5 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 339 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 92 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 88 mg/kg; poison by ing., inh., skin contact, IV, subcut., and IP routes; lachrymator; allergen; eye irritant; may cause contact dermatitis; mutagen; suspected carcinogen; experimental teratogenic/reproductive effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Volatile; combustible liq.; fire risk; highly reactive Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp. or on contact with acid or acid fumes, emits highly toxic fumes of CN–, SOx, and NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats, mustard oil, pickles, salad dressings, sauces Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Accurate Ingreds. http://www.acingiri.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Chemical Inc http://www.chemicalsinc.com Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances http://www.iff.com; Lancaster Synthesis UK http://www.lancastersynthesis.com Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com See also Mustard oil Allyl isovalerate CAS 2835-39-4; EINECS/ELINCS 220-609-7 822

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FEMA 2045 Synonyms: Allyl isovalerianate; Allyl 3methylbutyrate; Isovaleric acid allyl ester; 3-Methylbutanoic acid, 2-propenyl ester; 3Methylbutyric acid, allyl ester; 2-Propenyl isovalerate; 2-Propenyl 3-methylbutanoate Empirical: C8H14O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., apple aroma; m.w. 142.20; b.p. 89-90 C; ref. index 1.4162 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 230 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 560 mg/kg; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by skin contact; experimental carcinogen, tumorigen; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear protective gloves, splashproof eye goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits COx, acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Eastern Chem. http://www.easternchemicalcorp.com/index 3.php; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allyl isovalerianate. See Allyl isovalerate Allyl mercaptan CAS 870-23-5; EINECS/ELINCS 212-792-7 FEMA 2035 Synonyms: Allyl sulfhydrate; Allylthiol; 2Propene-1-thiol; Propene-3-thiol Empirical: C3H6S Formula: CH2:CHCH2SH Properties: Water-wh. liq.; strong garlic odor; darkens on standing; sol. in ether, alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 74.15; dens. 0.925 (23/4 C); b.p. 68 C; flash pt. 14 F; ref. index 0.925 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(23 C) Toxicology: Poison by inh., ing.; strong irritant to skin, mucous membranes Precaution: Combustible; dangerous fire hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp. emits highly toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Atofina UK http://www1.arkemagroup.com/uk/gb/f_elf_ 2.cfm Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lancaster Synthesis UK http://www.lancastersynthesis.com Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com 4-Allyl-1-methoxybenzene. See Estragole 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenol. See Eugenol 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenyl acetate. See Eugenyl acetate 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenyl benzoate. See Eugenyl benzoate 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenyl formate. See Eugenyl formate Allyl trans-2-methyl-2-butenoate. See Allyl tiglate Allyl 3-methylbutyrate. See Allyl isovalerate 1-Allyl-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene; 4-Allyl-1,2methylenedioxybenzene. See Safrol Allyl monosulfide. See Allyl sulfide Allyl mustard oil. See Allyl isothiocyanate Allyl nonanoate CAS 7493-72-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-334-7 FEMA 2036 Synonyms: Allyl pelargonate; 2-Propenyl nonanoate Empirical: C12H22O2 Formula: C3H5OOC(CH2)7CH3 823

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Mobile liq., pineapple odor; m.w. 198.31; b.p. 151 C; ref. index 1.4302 Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, meats Features: Sweet, fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allyl octanoate CAS 4230-97-1; EINECS/ELINCS 224-184-9 FEMA 2037 Synonyms: Allyl caprylate; Allyl octylate; Octanoic acid allyl ester; Octanoic acid-2propenyl ester Empirical: C11H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin, water; m.w. 184.31; dens. 0.8550; b.p. 87-88 C; flash pt. 151 F; ref. index 1.425 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 570 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, dessert gels, puddings Features: Banana, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allyl octylate. See Allyl octanoate Allyl oenanthate. See Allyl heptanoate 1-(β-Allyloxy-2,4-dichlorophenethyl) imidazole. See Imazalil Allyl pelargonate. See Allyl nonanoate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Allyl phenoxyacetate CAS 7493-74-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-335-2 FEMA 2038 Synonyms: Acetate PA; 2-Propenyl phenoxy acetate Empirical: C11H12O3 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; fruity, honey, pineapple-like, green odor; m.w. 192.22; b.p. 100-102 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.5131 (25.5 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 475 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 820 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Honey, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Jiande City Xinhua http://www.xhchem.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Lothar Streeck http://www.lothar-streeck.de; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Organica Aromatics http://www.organicaaroma.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Allyl phenylacetate CAS 1797-74-6; EINECS/ELINCS 217-281-2 FEMA 2039 Synonyms: Allyl α-toluate; Benzeneacetic acid 2-propenyl ester; 2-Propenyl benzeneacetate Empirical: C11H12O2 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq., fruit banana honey odor; m.w. 176.22; b.p. 89-93 C; ref. index 1.5122 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 650 mg/kg; mod. 824

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet, honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allyl-3-phenylacrylate. See Allyl cinnamate Allyl propanoate. See Allyl propionate Allyl propionate CAS 2408-20-0; EINECS/ELINCS 219-307-8 FEMA 2040 Synonyms: Allyl propanoate; 2-Propenyl propanoate Empirical: C6H10O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; apricot-apple odor; m.w. 114.15; sp.gr. 0.914; b.p. 122-123 C; ref. index 1.4105 (20 C), 1.4142 (14 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Imitation apricot aroma Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lancaster Synthesis UK http://www.lancastersynthesis.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allyl propyl disulfide CAS 2179-59-1; EINECS/ELINCS 218-550-7 UN 1993; UN 8027; FEMA 4073 Synonyms: Disulfide, 2-propenyl propyl; 4,5Dithia-1-octene; Onion oil; 2-Propenyl propyl disulfide; Propyl allyl disulfide Empirical: C6H12S2 Properties: Pale yel. to brnsh. yel. clear liq.; pungent garlic onion odor; sol. in DMSO, 95% ethanol, methanol, chloroform, CS2, ether, most org. solvs.; sol. < 1 mg/ml in water; m.w. 148.16; sp.gr. 0.970--0.985 (20 C); m.p. -15 C; b.p. 195-200 C (1013 mBar); flash pt. 56.3 C; ref. index 1.508-1.520 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 ppm; STEL 3 ppm; TDLo (inh., human) 3 ppm; highly toxic by inh. and ing.; powerful irritant; esp. irritating to eyes and respiratory passages; skin irritant; defats the skin; lachrymator; ing. may cause stomach pain, vomiting Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, SOx; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes; poisonous gases, incl. SOx, produced in fire Storage: Store refrigerated; keep away from oxidizing materials; store away from ignition sources Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Chief volatile constituent of onion oil Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com m-Allylpyrocatechin methylene ether; Allylpyrocatechol methylene ether. See Safrol Allyl sorbate CAS 7493-75-6; 30895-79-5 FEMA 2041 Synonyms: Allyl 2,4-hexadienoate; 2-Propenyl hexa-2,4-dienoate Empirical: C9H12O2 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; fruital 825

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference pineapple-like odor; sol. in ethanol; m.w. 152.19; sp. gr. 0.945 -0.947; ref. index 1.506 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Allyl sulfhydrate. See Allyl mercaptan Allyl sulfide CAS 592-88-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-775-1 FEMA 2042 Synonyms: Allyl monosulfide; Diallyl monosulfide; Diallyl sulfide; Diallylthioether; 'Oil garlic'; Thioallyl ether; 3,3´-Thiobis-1-propene Empirical: C6H10S Formula: (CH2:CHCH2)2S Properties: Colorless liq.; garlic odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, chloroform, CCl4; insol. in water; m.w. 114.20; dens. 0.887 (20/4 C); m.p. -83 C; b.p. 138 C; flash pt. 23 C; ref. index 1.4877 (27 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2980 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; irritating to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; explosive reaction with N-bromosuccinimide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic SOx, CO, CO2 Storage: Store at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats; component of artificial oil of garlic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.healthwaychem.com Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Allyl thiocarbonimide. See Allyl isothiocyanate Allylthiol. See Allyl mercaptan Allyl tiglate CAS 7493-71-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-333-1 FEMA 2043 Synonyms: Allyl trans-2,3-dimethylacrylate; Allyl trans-2-methyl-2-butenoate Empirical: C8H12O2 Properties: Fruity odor; m.w. 140.18; dens. 0.926; flash pt. 140 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Berry, jam-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Allyl α-toluate. See Allyl phenylacetate Allyl trisulfide; Allyl trisulphide. See Diallyl trisulfide Allyl 10-undecenoate CAS 7493-76-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-337-3 FEMA 2044 Synonyms: Allyl hendecenoate; Allyl undecylenate; Allyl-2-undecylenate; Allyl undecylenoate; 2- Propen-1-yl 10undecenoate; 10- Undecenoic acid allyl ester Empirical: C14H24O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq., pineapple odor; misc. with most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 224.34; sp. gr. 1.012-1.020; b.p. 180 C; ref. index 1.4448 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 826

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Allyl undecylenate; Allyl-2-undecylenate; Allyl undecylenoate. See Allyl 10-undecenoate 4-Allyl veratrole. See Methyl eugenol Almond artificial essential oil. See Benzaldehyde Almond, bitter, extract. See Bitter almond (Prunus amybdalus) extract Almond, bitter, oil. See Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil Almond extract, bitter. See Bitter almond (Prunus amybdalus) extract Almond oil. See Sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) oil Almond oil, bitter. See Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil Almond oil, sweet. See Sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) oil Alnose. See 4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H) furanone Aloe barbadensis CAS 8001-97-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-295-9 Synonyms: Aloe vera Definition: Plant material derived from the leaves of the aloe, Aloe barbadensis Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (oral, mouse) > 10 g/kg; mutagen Storage: Store @ R.T. protected from oxidation Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aloe Labs http://www.aloelabs.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Stauber Perf. Ingreds. http://www.stauberusa.com; Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com Trade Names: Aloe Gold Seal-Natural; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 3X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 5X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 20X Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic Freeze Dried; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic See also Aloe barbadensis extract; Aloe barbadensis gel Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aloe barbadensis extract CAS 85507-69-3; EINECS/ELINCS 287-390-8 Synonyms: Aloe barbadensis; Aloe extract; Aloe leaves extract; Barbados aloe extract; Curacao aloe extract Definition: Extract of the leaves of the aloe, Aloe barbadensis Uses: Natural flavoring agent, thickener, stabilizer in foods, beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Trade Names: Aloe Vera Extract, Oil Sol. Liq. Trade Names Containing: Aloe Vera Oil Regular See also Aloe extract Aloe barbadensis gel CAS 8001-97-6; 94349-62-9; EINECS/ELINCS 305-181-2 Synonyms: Aloe barbadensis; Aloe gel; Aloe juice; Aloe vera gel; First aid plant Definition: Mucilage obtained from expression of juice from leaves of Aloe barbadensis Miller plant Toxicology: Cross-reacts with benzoin and balsam Peru in those who are allergic to these compds. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, vegetable drinks, health foods; juice enhancer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Aloe Labs http://www.aloelabs.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Stauber Perf. Ingreds. http://www.stauberusa.com; Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com Trade Names: Activera™ 10X; Activera™ 11FA (Filtered); Activera™ 1-1 UA (Unfiltered); Activera™ 1-200 A; Aloe Con UP 10

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Aloe Con UP 40; Aloe Con UP-200; Aloe Con WG 10; Aloe Con WG 40; Aloe Con WG 200 Aloe Con WLG 10; Aloe Con WLG 200; Aloe Vera Gel 1X; Aloe Vera Gel 10X; Aloe Vera Gel 40X Aloe Vera Gel Powd., Dehydrated; Aloe Vera Gel Spray Dried Powd.; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 1X; Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Regular 200X Aloe barbadensis leaf juice Synonyms: Barbadensis leaf juice Uses: Ingred. in health drinks Regulatory: BP, EP compliance Trade Names: Aloe Vera Gel - Natural; Aloe Vera Gel - Natural with Pulp; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 1X; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 10X; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 40X Terra-Pure™ Certified Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 200X; Terra-Pure™ Certified Spray Dried Aloe Vera Powder, 200X; TerraPure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Aloe Vera Powder Regular, 200X; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Freeze Dried Decolorized 200X Trade Names Containing: Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X Decolorized

Aloe vera gel. See Aloe barbadensis gel Alphadex. See Cyclodextrin Alpinia officinarum; Alpinia officinarum extract; Alpinia officinarum root extract; Alpinia root extract. See Galangal root extract Althea (Althea officinalis) flowers CAS 977052-71-3 Synonyms: Althea flowers; Althea officinalis; Marshmallow flowers Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com Althea (Althea officinalis) root CAS 977005-75-6 Synonyms: Hibiscus moscheutos; Marshmallow Definition: Dried root of Althea officinalis Toxicology: Nontoxic Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Althea extract. See Althea officinalis extract Althea officinalis. See Althea (Althea officinalis) flowers; Althea officinalis extract Althea officinalis extract CAS 97676-24-9 FEMA 2048 Synonyms: Althea extract; Althea officinalis; Marshmallow root extract Definition: Extract of the roots of the marshmallow, Althea officinalis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 (roots and flowers); FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com

Aloe extract CAS 84837-08-1; 85507-69-3; EINECS/ELINCS 305-181-2 FEMA 2047 Synonyms: Aloe barbadensis extract; Barbados aloe extract; Curacao aloe extract Definition: Extract of leaves of one or more species of Aloe Properties: Bitter char. flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent, thickener, stabilizer for foods, beverages, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com See also Aloe barbadensis extract

Alum. See Potassium alum dodecahydrate; Potassium alum anhydrous; Sodium alum; Aluminum sulfate Alum, ammonium. See Ammonium alum Alum carmine. See Carmine (Coccus cacti) Alum flour. See Potassium alum dodecahydrate

Aloe gel; Aloe juice. See Aloe barbadensis gel Aloe leaves extract. See Aloe barbadensis extract Aloe vera. See Aloe barbadensis

Alumina CAS 1344-28-1; 1333-84-2 (hydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 215-691-6 Synonyms: Activated alumina; Activated

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference aluminum oxide; Alumina, activated; Alumina, calcined; Alumina, tabular; Aluminium oxide alumite; Aluminium oxydes C; Aluminum oxide; Aluminum oxide (2:3); Alumite; Alundum; Calcined alumina; Tabular alumina Classification: Inorganic compd. Definition: Occurs in nature as the minerals bauxite, bayerite, boehmite, corundum, diaspore, gibbsite Empirical: Al2O3 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., balls, or lumps, odorless, tasteless; pract. insol. in water; very sl. sol. in min. acids; m.w. 101.96; dens. 3.5-4; vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (2158 C); bulking value 0.032 gal/lb; m.p. 2050 C; b.p. 2977 C; oil absorp. 13; hardness (Mohs) 8.8 Toxicology: TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (dust); toxic by inhalation of dust; inh. may cause Shaver's disease; may be irritating to respiratory tract; eye irritant by mech. abrasion; skin drying, peeling; experimental tumorigen and neoplastigen by implant; TSCA listed Precaution: Noncombustible; incompat. with hot chlorinated rubber Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Exothermic reaction above 200 C with halocarbon vapors produces toxic HCl and phosgene Storage: Very hygroscopic Uses: Food additive; dispersant Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1010, 177.1460; exempt from certification, permanently listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Alcan http://www.alcan.com; Alcoa http://www.aldoaco.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com AluChem http://www.aluchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Baikowski Int'l. http://www.baikowski.com Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Cambrex Karlskoga AB; Composition Materials http://compomat.com/home.asp; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; Honeywell Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kahn & Co http://www.kahn.com Lonza Sarl; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; Noah http://www.noahtech.com PQ http://www.pqcorp.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; SPI Pharma http://www.spipharma.com San Yuan; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; Selecto Scientific http://www.selectoinc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sumitomo Chem. http://www.sumitomochem.co.jp Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Wilshire http://users.aol.com/wilshrchem/chmlist2.ht m; Zircar Zirconia http://www.zircarzirconia.com Alumina, activated; Alumina, calcined; Alumina, tabular. See Alumina Aluminium. See Aluminum Aluminium oxide alumite; Aluminium oxydes C. See Alumina Aluminophosphoric acid. See Aluminum orthophosphate Aluminosilicates, zeolites. See Zeolite Aluminosilicic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium silicoaluminate Aluminum CAS 7429-90-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-072-3 UN 1309 (DOT); UN 1396 (DOT); UN NA 9260; INS173; E173 Synonyms: Aluminium; Aluminum bronze; Aluminum dehydrated; Aluminum flake; Aluminum metal; Aluminum powder (INCI); CI 77000; Pigment metal 1 Classification: Metallic element Empirical: Al Properties: Silvery wh. cryst. solid; sol. in HCl, sulfuric acid; insol. in water, alcohol; a.w. 26.98; dens. 2.708; m.p. 660 C; b.p. 2450 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (dust), 2 mg/m3 (sol. salt), 5 mg/m3 (welding fumes); inh. of fine powds. can cause 829

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference pulmonary fibrosis; overexposure may cause skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. in air; dust is explosive by heat, flame, or reaction with oxidizers; reactive; no stable isotopes; dangerous when wet HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 3 Storage: Moisture-sensitive Uses: Colorant in foods; colorant for external coating of sugar confectionery (EC) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1645, 73.2645, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1460, 178.3297; exempt from certification, permanently listed for drug use; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; Belmont Metals http://www.belmontmetals.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com Canbro; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Kaiser Aluminum http://www.kaiseral.com; Landers-Segal Color http://www.pigments.com/; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Royale Pigments & Chems. http://www.royalepigmentschem.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SPI Pharma http://www.spipharma.com; U.S. Aluminum Aluminum ammonium bis (sulfate); Aluminum ammonium sulfate. See Ammonium alum Aluminum bronze. See Aluminum Aluminum calcium lake. See Carmine (Coccus cacti) Aluminum calcium silicate CAS 1327-39-5 INS556 Synonyms: Calcium aluminosilicate; Calcium aluminum silicate Definition: Occurs in nature as the minerals: anorthite, didymolite, lawsonite, etc. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: Al2CaO8Si2; Al2Ca2SiO7 Formula: Common forms: CaAl2Si2O8 and Ca2Al2SiO7 Toxicology: Nuisance dust Uses: Anticaking agent in table salt, vanilla powd. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.179, 182.2122 (2% max.), GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Aluminum caprate CAS 22620-93-5 INS470 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.300 Aluminum caprylate CAS 6028-57-5; EINECS/ELINCS 227-902-9 INS470 Synonyms: Aluminum octanoate; Aluminum trioctanoate; Octanoic acid, aluminum salt Definition: Aluminum salt of caprylic acid Empirical: C8H16O2 • 1/3Al Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 178.3910; Canada DSL Aluminum dehydrated. See Aluminum Aluminum, dihydroxy (octadecanoato-o-). See Aluminum stearate Aluminum distearate CAS 300-92-5; EINECS/ELINCS 206-101-8 Synonyms: Aluminum hydroxide distearate; Aluminum, hydroxybis (octadecanoato-o)-; Aluminum, hydroxybis (stearato)-; Aluminum hydroxydistearate; Hydroxyaluminum distearate; Monohydroxyaluminum distearate Definition: Aluminum salt of stearic acid Empirical: C36H71AlO5 Formula: [CH3(CH2)16COO]2Al(OH) Properties: Wh. powd.; insol. in water, alcohol, ether; forms gel w/ aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons; m.w. 611.05; dens. 1.009; m.p. 145 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 830

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Binder, emulsifier, anticaking agent in foods; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1460, 177.2260, 178.3297, 178.3910, 179.45, 181.22, 181.29; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Trade Names: Aluminum Stearate 22 Aluminum flake. See Aluminum Aluminum hexadecanoate. See Aluminum palmitate Aluminum hydroxide distearate; Aluminum, hydroxybis (octadecanoato-o)-; Aluminum, hydroxybis (stearato)-; Aluminum hydroxydistearate. See Aluminum distearate Aluminum-L-2-hydroxypropionate. See Aluminum lactate Aluminum lactate CAS 18917-91-4; EINECS/ELINCS 242-670-9 Synonyms: Aluminum-L-2-hydroxypropionate; Aluminum trilactate; Aluminum, tris (2hydroxypropanoato)-; Aluminum, tris (lactato)-; Tris (2-hydroxypropanoato) aluminum Classification: Nonaromatic acid salt Definition: Aluminum salt of L-lactic acid Empirical: C9H15AlO9 Formula: Al(CH3CHOHCOO)3 Properties: Wh. powd.; water-sol.; m.w. 294.18; m.p. > 300 C Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; reproductive effector; TSCA listed Uses: Dietary supplement in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; B.I. Chems. Barker Ind. http://www.barkerind.com; Boehringer Ingelheim http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/ Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; PURAC Am. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.purac.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Puramex® AL Aluminum laurate CAS 7230-93-5 INS470 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.300 Aluminum metal. See Aluminum Aluminum monobasic stearate. See Aluminum stearate Aluminum monopalmitate. See Aluminum palmitate Aluminum monostearate. See Aluminum stearate Aluminum myristate CAS 4040-50-0 INS470 Synonyms: Aluminum tetradecanoate; Myristic acid, aluminum salt; Tetradecanoic acid, aluminum salt Classification: Carboxylic acid salt Empirical: C42H81AlO6 Properties: Solid; m.w. 709.07 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863; Canada DSL Aluminum myristates/palmitates Synonyms: Aluminum trimyristate/tripalmitate; Myristic acid, palmitic acid, mixture, aluminum salt Uses: Binder, emulsifier, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 178.3910 Aluminum nicotinate CAS 1976-28-9 Synonyms: Nicotinic acid aluminum salt; 3Pyridinecarboxylic acid aluminum salt; Tris (nicotinato) aluminum Empirical: C18H12AlN3O6 Properties: Solid; m.w. 393.30 Precaution: Burning produces irritating fumes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, niacin source in foods for special dietary use 831

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.310 Manuf./Distrib.: MP Biomedicals http://www.mpbio.com Aluminum octanoate. See Aluminum caprylate Aluminum oleate CAS 688-37-9; EINECS/ELINCS 211-702-3 INS470 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, aluminum salt; 9-Octadecenoic acid, (2)-, aluminum salt (3:1); Oleic acid aluminum salt Empirical: C54H99AlO6 Formula: [CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COO]3Al Properties: Ylsh. visc. mass; sol. in alcohol, benzene, ether, oil turpentine; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 871.36 Precaution: Combustible Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods; migrating to foods from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.300, 182.90, GRAS Aluminum orthophosphate CAS 7784-30-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-056-9 UN 1760 (DOT) Synonyms: Aluminophosphoric acid; Aluminum phosphate; Aluminum phosphate tribasic; Aluphos; Phosphoric acid, aluminum salt (1:1) Empirical: AlO4P Formula: AlPO4 Properties: Wh. cryst.; insol. in water and alcohol; sl. sol. in HCl, nitric acid; m.w. 121.95; dens. 2.566; m.p. 1500 C; isomorphous with quartz Toxicology: Sol'ns. are corrosive to tissue; can cause severe irritation and burns to eyes and skin; inh. can irritate nose, throat, lungs and cause coughing, shortness of breath; avoid contact and inh.; prolonged/repeated exposure can irritate lungs, cause bronchitis; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Produces poisonous gases in fire Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Boscogen Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.boscogen.com; Esprit http://www.espritchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names Containing: Py-ran® Aluminum oxide; Aluminum oxide (2:3). See Alumina Aluminum oxide silicate. See Aluminum silicate Aluminum palmitate CAS 555-35-1 INS470 Synonyms: Aluminum hexadecanoate; Aluminum monopalmitate; Hexadecanoic acid, aluminum salt; Hexadecanoic acid, aluminum salt (3:1); Palmitic acid, aluminum salt Empirical: C48H93AlO6 Formula: [CH3(CH2)14COO]3Al Properties: Wh. to yel. mass or powd.; pract. insol. in water or alcohol; dissolves in petrol. ether or oil turpentine when fresh; m.w. 793.25; dens. 1.072 Precaution: Combustible Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods; migrating to foods from paper Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.300, 182.90, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Aluminum phosphate; Aluminum phosphate tribasic. See Aluminum orthophosphate Aluminum potassium alum; Aluminum potassium disulfate. See Potassium alum anhydrous Aluminum potassium sulfate; Aluminum 832

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference potassium sulfate alum; Aluminum potassium sulfate, anhydrous. See Potassium alum anhydrous Aluminum powder (INCI). See Aluminum Aluminum silicate CAS 1327-36-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-475-1 INS559 Synonyms: Aluminum oxide silicate; CI 77004; Pyrophyllite; Willinite Definition: Complex inorganic salt with 1 mole alumina, 1-3 moles silica; naturally occurring forms: andalusite, cyanite, sillimanite; other aluminum silicate mins. incl. kaolinite, kochite, mullite, newtonite, pyrophyllite, etc. Properties: Varying proportions of Al2O3 and SiO2; wh. mass, crystals, or whiskers; high str.; insol. in water; dens. 2.63; oil absorp. 35-45; GE brightness 82-92; ref. index 1.56; hardness (Mohs) 2 Toxicology: Essentially harmless when given orally or applied to skin; questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data by implantation Uses: Thickener in foods, beverages; anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.1200, 177.1460, 177.2600, 184.1155; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Akrochem http://www.akrochem.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Baikowski Int'l. http://www.baikowski.com; Boehle http://www.interpolymer.com/contentmgr/s howdetails.php/id/204; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Burgess Pigment http://www.burgesspigment.com; Charles B. Chrystal http://www.cbchrystal.com Cimbar Perf. Mins. http://www.cimbar.com; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; IMERYS http://www.imerys.com INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; Kaopolite; Kyowa Chem. Ind. http://www.kyowachem.co.jp; Lenape Ind. http://www.lenape.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com; Selecto Scientific http://www.selectoinc.com; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Southern Clay Prods. http://www.scprod.com Tamms Ind. http://www.tamms.com; Thiele Kaolin http://www.thielekaolin.com/; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; U.S. Silica http://www.u-s-silica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Aluminum silicate dihydrate; Aluminum silicate hydrated; Aluminum silicate hydrous; Aluminum silicate hydroxide. See Kaolin Aluminum sodium bis (sulfate). See Sodium alum Aluminum sodium phosphate. See Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic Aluminum sodium silicate. See Sodium silicoaluminate Aluminum sodium sulfate. See Sodium alum Aluminum starch octenyl succinate CAS 9087-61-0 Synonyms: Starch aluminum octenyl succinate; Starch, hydrogen octenylbutanedioate, aluminum salt; Starch, octenylbutanedioate, aluminum salt Definition: Aluminum salt of the prod. of octenyl/succinic anhydride with starch Properties: Free-flowing wh. powd. Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Food starch modified Regulatory: FDA Inactive Ingredients Guide listed, FDA 21CFR §172.892, 175.105; Canada DSL Aluminum stearate CAS 7047-84-9; EINECS/ELINCS 230-325-5 INS470 Synonyms: Aluminum, dihydroxy (octadecanoato-o-); Aluminum monobasic stearate; Aluminum monostearate; Aluminum stearate, monobasic; Dihydroxyaluminum monostearate; Dihydroxyaluminum stearate; Octadecanoic acid, aluminum salt; Stearic acid, aluminum dihydroxide salt; Stearic acid, aluminum salt Classification: Aliphatic organic; sat. aliphatic carboxylic acid salt Definition: Aluminum salt of stearic acid Empirical: C18H37AlO4 833

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOAl(OH)2 Properties: Wh. to ylsh. fine powd., faint char. odor; sol. in alkali, petrol., turpentine oil; insol. in water, alcohol, ether; m.w. 344.48; dens. 1.070; m.p. 115 C Toxicology: ACGIH TWA 10 mg/m3; TLV/TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; essentially nontoxic; nuisance dust; inh. of high concs. of dust may cause coughing and mild temporary irritation; sl. eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible dust; may form explosive dust-air mixts.; incompat. with acids (reacts vigorously) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: CO, CO2, aluminum oxide; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool area away from ignition sources Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods; in defoamers for beet sugar, yeast processing; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA §172.863, 173.340, 175.105, 175.210, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1460, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3297, 178.3910, 179.45, 181.22, 181.29; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Aerchem http://www.aerchem.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brenntag Specialties; Fallek; Ferro http://www.ferro.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Geo Spec. Chems. http://www.geosc.com; Halstab http://www.halstab.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/; Norac http://www.norac.com/ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Trade Names: Synpro® Aluminum Monostearate NF See also Aluminum tristearate Aluminum stearate, monobasic. See Aluminum stearate Aluminum sulfate CAS 10043-01-3 (anhyd.); 17927-65-0 (hydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 233-135-0 UN 1760 (sol'n.) (DOT); INS520 Synonyms: Alum; Aluminum trisulfate; Cake alum; Dialuminum sulfate; Dialuminum trisulfate; Papermakers' alum; Patent alum; Pearl alum; Sulfuric acid aluminum salt; Sulfuric acid, aluminum salt (3:2) Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: Al2O12S3 Formula: Al2(SO4)3 • 14H2O Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless, sweet taste; sol. 36.4% in water (20 C); insol. in alcohol; m.w. 342.14 (anhyd.); dens. 2.71; b.p. dec. @ 770 C; stable in air Toxicology: ACGIH TLV-TWA 2 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, mouse) 6207 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; irritating to skin, eyes, respiratory tract; ing. causes nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain; hydrolyzes to form sulfuric acid which irritates tissue, esp. lungs; TSCA listed Precaution: Forms sulfuric acid with water; dec. to sulfur oxides at high temps. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Firming agent in foods, pickle relish, pickles, potatoes, pkg. materials; esterification agent for food starch modified Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 182.1125, GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV 834

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.aaechemie.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Alcan http://www.alcan.com Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Altivia http://www.altivia.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BK Giulini Chemie http://www.bkgiulini.com/e-index1.htm; Barker Ind. http://www.barkerind.com Bay Chem. & Supply http://www.baychemical.com/; Columbus Chem. Ind. http://www.columbuschemical.com; Delta http://www.deltachemical.com/; General Alum & Chem. http://www.gacchemical.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com Geo Spec. Chems. http://www.geosc.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Holland http://www.hollandcompany.com; Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Melchemie bv http://www.melchemie.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rasa Ind. http://www.rasa.co.jp; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com San Yuan; Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com; Southern Ionics http://www.southernionics.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Veckridge; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: BL-60® Aluminum tetradecanoate. See Aluminum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

myristate Aluminum trilactate. See Aluminum lactate Aluminum trimyristate/tripalmitate. See Aluminum myristates/palmitates Aluminum trioctanoate. See Aluminum caprylate Aluminum, tris (2-hydroxypropanoato)-; Aluminum, tris (lactato)-. See Aluminum lactate Aluminum tristearate CAS 637-12-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-279-5 Synonyms: Aluminum stearate; Octadecanoic acid, aluminum salt; Stearic acid, aluminum salt; Tribasic aluminum stearate Definition: Aluminum salt of stearic acid Empirical: C54H105O6 • Al Formula: [CH3(CH2)16COO]3Al Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. in alcohol, benzene, oil turpentine, min. oils; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 877.35; dens. 1.070; m.p. 117-120 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Binder, emulsifier, anticaking agent in foods; defoamer in beet sugar and yeast processing; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 173.340, 175.105, 175.210, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1460, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3297, 178.3910, 179.45, 181.22, 181.29; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Gelest http://www.gelest.com; Katsuta Kako http://www.katsuta-kako.co.jp; Kawamura Kasei Ind. Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com See also Aluminum stearate Alumite. See Alumina Alum lake; Alum lake of carminic acid. See Carmine (Coccus cacti) Alum, potassium. See Potassium alum dodecahydrate; Potassium alum anhydrous Alundum. See Alumina Aluphos. See Aluminum orthophosphate Amaranth CAS 915-67-3; EINECS/ELINCS 213-022-2 835

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference INS123; E123 Synonyms: Acid amaranth; Acid red 27 (INCI); Acid red 27, trisodium salt; Azorubin S; CI 16185; D&C Red No. 2; Fast red; FD&C Red No. 2; Food red 2; Food red 9; 2-Hydroxy1,1´-azonaphthalene-3,6,4´-trisulfonic acid trisodium salt; 3-Hydroxy-4-[(4-sulfo-1naphthalenyl) azo]-2,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid trisodium salt; 3-Hydroxy-4-((4-sulfo-1-naphthyl) azo)-2,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid, trisodium salt; Naphthol red; Naphthylamine red; Red cockscomb; Red dye no. 2; Red no. 2; 1-(4Sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-2-naphthol-3,6disulfonic acid trisodium salt Classification: Monoazo dye Empirical: C20H11N2Na3O10S3 Formula: NaSO3C10H5N=NC10H4(SO3Na)2OH Properties: Dk. red to purple powd.; pract. odorless; saline taste; sol. in water, glycerol, propylene glycol, citric acid, tartaric acid; very sl. sol. in alcohol, Cellosolve; insol. in oil, fat, most org. solvs.; m.w. 604.48; dens. ≈ 1.50; m.p. > 300 C; pH ≈ 10.8 (1% aq.); anionic Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 1 g/kg, (IV, rat) 1 g/kg; harmful by inh., ing., skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may cause anaphylactic symptoms, urticaria; possible carcinogen; reproductive effector; tumorigen; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Probably combustible Storage: Store at ambient temps. Uses: Absorbent, diluent, disintegrant, colorant in foods; formerly a certified colorant for foods (US); colorant for aperitif wines, spirit drinks (EC) Regulatory: Banned by FDA for use in foods, drugs, and cosmetics; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Dynemic Prods. http://www.foodcolor.net/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Amaranth Oil; Pre-Gel Amaranth Powder

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Amaranthus cruentus Synonyms: Amaranthus hybridus hypochondriacus; Amaranthus hypochondriacus; Gentleman's cane; Prince's feather; Prince's plume; Purple amaranth; Red amaranth Definition: Tall showy tropical American annual with hair stems and long spikes of usually red flowers; seeds often used as cereal; 15% protein, 7% fat, 63% carbohydrates Uses: Nutrient, protein, dietary fiber, flavoring agent, texturizer, vitamin source for baked goods, snacks, flour, dressings, cereal Trade Names: Puffed Amaranth Amaranthus hybridus hypochondriacus; Amaranthus hypochondriacus. See Amaranthus cruentus Amber; Amber acid. See Succinic acid Ambergris CAS 8038-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-454-2 Synonyms: Ambergris oil; Physeter macrocephalus Definition: Waxy opaque mass obtained from intestinal tract of sperm whale and found on beaches or afloat in the ocean Uses: Natural flavoring agent, aroma in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.50, GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Ambergris oil. See Ambergris Amber musk. See Musk ambrette Ambrette (Hibiscus abelmoschus) seed oil CAS 8015-62-1; 84455-19-6; EINECS/ELINCS 282-891-8 FEMA 2050; 2051 Synonyms: Ambrette seed absolute; Ambrette seed liq.; Hibiscus abelmoschus; Hibiscus abelmoschus seed absolute; Hibiscus abelmoschus seed oil Definition: Volatile oil distilled from seeds of Hibiscus abelmoschus Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq.; brandy-like odor; sp.gr. 0.898-0.920; ref. index 1.4680 (20 C) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Store in 10-50% alcoholic sol'n. at reduced temps. to prevent rancid notes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes 836

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.biolandes.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Payan & Bertrand http://www.payanbertrand.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Ambrette seed absolute; Ambrette seed liq. See Ambrette (Hibiscus abelmoschus) seed oil Ambrettolide CAS 123-69-3; 7779-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204644-5; 231-929-1 FEMA 2555 Synonyms: ω-6-Hexadecenlactone; 6Hexadecenolide; 6-Hexadecen-16-olide; 7Hexadec-7-en-16-olide; 16-Hydroxy-6hexadecenoic acid, ω-lactone; Natural musk ambrette; 1-Oxacycloheptadec-7-en-2-one; Oxacycloheptadec-8-en-2-one, (Z)Classification: lactone; macrocyclic musk Empirical: C16H28O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; powerful musk odor; m.w. 252.44; dens. 0.956; b.p. 185-190 C (16 mm); flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.4790 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 339 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 1600 mg/kg; poison by ing.; eye irritant; may be irritating to skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Payan & Bertrand http://www.payanbertrand.com/; Penta Mfg. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com American ash. See Potassium carbonate American dill seed oil. See Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil American pennyroyal oil. See Pennyroyal (Hedeoma pulegiodes) oil Amethyst. See Quartz Amidated pectin. See Pectin, amidated Amide C18. See Stearamide (Amide-d) lysozyme. See Egg white lysozyme Amides, coco, N,N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl)-. See Cocamide DEA Amido naphthol red G. See Acid red 1 Amine C4. See n-Butylamine Amine γ-glutamyltransferase. See Transglutaminase Aminic acid. See Formic acid Aminoacetic acid. See Sodium glycinate; Glycine (S)-α-Aminobenzenepropanoic acid. See LPhenylalanine Aminobenzoic acid; 4-Aminobenzoic acid; γAminobenzoic acid. See p-Aminobenzoic acid p-Aminobenzoic acid CAS 150-13-0; EINECS/ELINCS 205-753-0 Synonyms: Aminobenzoic acid; 4Aminobenzoic acid; γ-Aminobenzoic acid; 1-Amino-4-carboxybenzene; Anticanitic vitamin; Antichromotrichia factor; Benzoic acid, 4-amino-; 4-Carboxyaniline; pCarboxyaniline; p-Carboxyphenylamine; Chromotrichia factor; PABA (INCI); Vitamin H; Vitamin BX Classification: Aromatic acid Definition: A compound of the vitamin B complex that is necessary for folic acid synthesis, but not essential for the human diet Empirical: C7H7NO2 Formula: NH2C6H4CO2H Properties: Colorless to yel. monoclinic prisms; sol. in oxygenated solvs., ethyl acetate, glac. acetic acid, water; sl. sol. in benzene; insol. in petrol. ether; m.w. 137.13; dens. 1.374; m.p. 187 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2850 mg/kg, (IV, rabbit) 2000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IV routes; ingesting lg. amts. can cause nausea, vomiting, skin rash, 837

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference methemoglobinemia, possibly toxic hepatitis; irritant; can cause allergic eczema and lt. sensitivity in susceptible persons; experimental reproductive effects; mutation data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Vitamin in nutrition Features: A compound of the vitamin B complex that is necessary for folic acid synthesis, but not essential for the human diet Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Cambrex Karlskoga AB; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; ChemSupply http://www.chemsupply.com.au ChemPur http://www.ChemPur.de; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://fun.clariant.com/fun/internet.nsf/04fa 7deb65dc84f9c1256a6200552c10/e56809ab4 8026d1ec1256bf300; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Midori Kagaku http://www.midorikagaku.co.jp/m060713/e_start_fr.htm Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com; Nippon Kayaku http://www.nipponkayaku.co.jp/english/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; HallStar Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.hallstar.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com 2-Aminobenzoic acid, allyl ester. See Allyl anthranilate 2-Aminobenzoic acid, butyl ester. See Butyl anthranilate o-Aminobenzoic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl anthranilate 2-Aminobenzoic acid methyl ester; oAminobenzoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl anthranilate 2-Aminobenzoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl anthranilate 2-Aminobenzoic acid phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl anthranilate 2-Aminobenzoic acid-3-phenyl-2-propenyl ester. See Cinnamyl anthranilate 1-Aminobutane. See n-Butylamine (S)-Aminobutanedioic acid. See L-Aspartic acid L-2-Amino-4-carbamoylbutanic acid; 2-Amino-4carbamoylbutanoic acid. See L-Glutamine 1-Amino-4-carboxybenzene. See pAminobenzoic acid 3-Amino-N-(α-carboxyphenethyl) succinamic acid N-methyl ester. See Aspartame 2-Amino-2-deoxy-(1-4)-β-D-glucopyranan. See Chitosan 2-Amino-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranose; 2-Amino2-deoxyglucose. See Glucosamine N-[4-[[(2-Amino-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl) methyl] amino] benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid. See Folic acid 2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid. See Taurine Aminoethanoic acid. See Sodium glycinate 2-Aminoethanol; 2-Aminoethyl alcohol; βAminoethyl alcohol. See Ethanolamine Aminoethylethandiamine; N-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2838

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ethanediamine; N-(2-Aminoethyl) ethylenediamine. See Diethylenetriamine 2-Aminoethylsulfonic acid. See Taurine Aminoform. See Hexamethylenetetramine 1-2-Aminoglutaramidic acid. See L-Glutamine α-Aminoglutaric acid; L-2-Aminoglutaric acid. See L-Glutamic acid L-2-Aminoglutaric acid hydrochloride. See LGlutamic acid hydrochloride 2-Aminoglutarmaic acid. See L-Glutamine 1-1-Amino-4-guanidovaleric acid; L-Amino-4guanidovaleric acid. See L-Arginine L-1-Amino-4-guanidovaleric acid monohydrochloride. See L-Arginine monohydrochloride α-Aminohydrocinnamic acid. See LPhenylalanine; D-Phenylalanine 2-Amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid; α-Amino-βhydroxybutyric acid; L-2-Amino-3hydroxybutyric acid. See L-Threonine α-Amino-p-hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid; L-αAmino-β-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid; (S)-2-Amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid. See L-Tyrosine 1-Amino-2-hydroxypropane. See Isopropanolamine (+-2)-Amino-3-hydroxypropionic acid. See DLSerine 2-Amino-3-hydroxypropionic acid. See L-Serine 1-N-(p-(((2-Amino-4-hydroxy-6-pteridinyl) methyl) amino) benzoyl) glutamic acid. See Folic acid α-Amino-β-imidazolepropionic acid; L-α-Aminoβ-imidazolepropionic acid. See L-Histidine 1-α-Amino-4 (or 5)-imidazolepropionic acid monohydrochloride. See Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate α´-Amino-3-indolepropionic acid; l-α-Amino-3indolepropionic acid. See L-Tryptophan (±)-2-Amino-3-(3-indolyl)propionic acid. See DLα-Tryptophan 2-Amino-3-indol-3-yl-proprionic acid. See LTryptophan L-α-Aminoisocaproci acid; α-Aminoisocaproic acid. See L-Leucine α-Aminoisopropyl alcohol. See Isopropanolamine α-Aminoisovaleric acid. See DL-α-Valine; LValine DL-2-Aminoisovaleric acid. See DL-α-Valine l-(+)-α-Aminoisovaleric acid. See L-Valine (±)-α-Aminoisovaleric acid. See DL-α-Valine Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid. See LCysteine L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid monohydrochloride. See Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid monohydrochloride monohydrate. See Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate (+)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid. See LCysteine 1-Amino-3-methylbutane. See Isoamylamine 1-α-Amino-γ-methylmercaptobutyric acid; (S)-2Amino-4-(methylmercapto) butyric acid. See L-Methionine (±)-2-Amino-4-(methylmercapto) butyric acid. See DL-Methionine 2-Amino-3-methylpentanoic acid. See LIsoleucine 2-Amino-4-methylpentanoic acid. See LLeucine L-2-Amino-3-methylpentanoic acid. See LIsoleucine 3-((4-Amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl)-5(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium chloride. See Thiamine 3-[(4-Amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-4-(2hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium nitrate. See Thiamine nitrate DL-2-Amino-4-methylthiobutanaoic acid; DL-2Amino-4-(methylthio) butyric acid. See DLMethionine L-2-Amino-4-methylthiobutyric acid. See LMethionine 1,2-Amino-4-methylvaleric acid. See L-Leucine 2-Amino-3-methylvaleric acid. See L-Isoleucine 2-Amino-4-methylvaleric acid. See L-Leucine α-Amino-β-methylvaleric acid. See L-Isoleucine α-Amino-γ-methylvaleric acid. See L-Leucine DL-2-Amino-3-methylvaleric acid. See DLIsoleucine DL-2-Amino-4-methylvaleric acid. See DLLeucine 2-Aminopentanedioic acid; L-2Aminopentanedioic acid. See L-Glutamic acid 2-Aminopentanedioic acid hydrochloride. See L-Glutamic acid hydrochloride α-Amino-β-phenylpropionic acid. See DLPhenylalanine; L-Phenylalanine D-α-Amino-β-phenylpropionic acid. See DPhenylalanine DL-α-Amino-β-phenylpropionic acid. See DLPhenylalanine 839

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference L-α-Amino-β-phenylpropionic acid. See LPhenylalanine 1-Aminopropane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid. See LGlutamic acid 1,2-Aminopropanoic acid. See L-Alanine dl-2-Aminopropanoic acid; dl-α-Aminopropanoic acid. See DL-Alanine 1-Amino-2-propanol; 1-Aminopropan-2-ol. See Isopropanolamine 2-Aminopropionic acid. See DL-Alanine; LAlanine α-Aminopropionic acid. See DL-Alanine L-2-Aminopropionic acid; L-α-Aminopropionic acid. See L-Alanine 1-α-Aminosuccinamic acid; 2-Aminosuccinamic acid; L-α-Aminosuccinamic acid. See LAsparagine (-)-Aminosuccinic acid. See D-Aspartic acid (+)-Aminosuccinic acid. See L-Aspartic acid DL-Aminosuccinic acid. See DL-Aspartic acid L-Aminosuccinic acid; L-α-Aminosuccinic acid. See L-Aspartic acid α-Amino-β-thiopropionic acid; L-2-Amino-3thiopropionic acid. See L-Cysteine Amioca. See Amylopectin Ammonia CAS 7664-41-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-635-3 UN 1005 (anhyd.); UN 2672; UN 2073 (sol'ns.) Synonyms: Ammonia anhydrous; Ammonia gas; Anhydrous ammonia Classification: Inorganic nitrogen compd. Empirical: H3N Formula: NH3 Properties: Colorless gas or liq., sharp, intensely irritating odor; easily liquefied by pressure; sol. in water, alcohol, ether; m.w. 17.03; sp.gr. 0.682 (-33.4 C); f.p. -77 C; b.p. -33.5 C; pH 11.6 (1N aq.) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 25 ppm; STEL 35 ppm; LD50 (inh., mouse, 1 h) 4837 ppm, (oral, rat) 350 mg/kg (ammonium hydroxide); corrosive; inh. of conc. fumes may be fatal; irritating to eyes and mucous membranes; shown to produce cancer of the skin in human doses of 1000 mg/kg of body wt.; TSCA listed Precaution: Moderate fire risk; caustic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Exposed to heat, emits toxic fumes of NH3 and NOx NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Processing aid in foods; microbial fermentation nutrient Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 27CFR §21.95; SARA reportable (anhyd.); Canada DSL; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Agrium http://www.agrium.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BDH; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com Columbus Chem. Ind. http://www.columbuschemical.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com; DPC Ind. http://www.dxsystemsco.com; DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com Dakota Gasification http://www.dakotagas.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Holland http://www.hollandcompany.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Jilin Chem. Ind. http://www.jcic.com.cn; Kemira BV http://www.kemwater.nl/; Koch Nitrogen http://www.kochfertilizer.com/; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com 840

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Solutia http://www.solutia.com; http://www.coatings-solutia.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Veckridge Ammonia anhydrous. See Ammonia Ammonia aqua; Ammonia aqueous. See Ammonium hydroxide Ammonia gas. See Ammonia Ammonia solution; Ammonia solution, strong. See Ammonium hydroxide Ammoniated glycyrrhizin. See Ammonium glycyrrhizate Ammonia water. See Ammonium hydroxide Ammonioformaldehyde. See Hexamethylenetetramine Ammonium acetate CAS 631-61-8; EINECS/ELINCS 211-162-9 INS264 Synonyms: Acetic acid ammonium salt Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Empirical: C2H7NO2 Formula: CH3COONH4 Properties: Colorless or wh. crystals, sl. acetous odor; sol. in alcohol, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in acetone; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 77.08; dens. 1.07; m.p. 114 C; pH 6.7-7.3 (5%) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 632 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 386 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP route; gastric irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and NH3 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic, deliq.; store @ 2-8 C Uses: pH control agent in foods; preservative for meats; animal feed supplement; microbial fermentation nutrient Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alemark http://www.amsyn.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Biorganics; Am. Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Cater Chems. http://www.caterchem.com Daito Chem. Ind. http://www.dcg.co.jp/english.html; Daiwa http://www.ogcorp.co.jp/en/group/daiwa.ht ml; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Johnson Matthey http://www.matthey.com; Kemira ChemSolutions BV http://www.kemira.com; Kishida Chem. http://www.kishida.co.jp; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Magnablend http://www.magnablend.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Min. R&D http://www.mrdc.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Tomiyama Pure Chem. Ind. http://www.tomypure.co.jp; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Ammonium acid phosphate. See Ammonium phosphate Ammonium adipate CAS 3385-41-9 INS359 Synonyms: Adipic acid diammonium salt; Hexanedioic acid, diammonium salt Empirical: C6H16N2O4 Properties: M.w. 180.20 Uses: pH control agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; 841

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Ammonium alginate CAS 9005-34-9 FEMA 2015; INS403; E403 Synonyms: Alginic acid, ammonium salt; Ammonium polymannuronate Classification: Hydrophilic colloid Definition: Ammonium salt of alginic acid Empirical: (C6H7O6NH4)n Properties: Filamentous, grainy, granular, or powd.; colorless or sl. yel.; sl. smell or taste; slowly sol. in water forming visc. sol'n.; insol. in alcohol; pH 5-6 (1%) Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Emulsifier, thickener, stabilizer, humectant, color diluent in foods, gelatins, frostings, jams/jellies, sauces, toppings, ice cream; boiler water additive (food contact); flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, condiments, meats, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 178.3900, 184.1133, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; USDA 9CFR 318.7; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Trade Names Containing: KELTOSE® Ammonium, alkyldimethyl (phenylmethyl)-, chloride. See Benzalkonium chloride Ammonium alum CAS 7784-25-0; 7784-26-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-055-3 INS523 Synonyms: Alum, ammonium; Aluminum ammonium bis (sulfate); Aluminum ammonium sulfate; Ammonium aluminum alum; Ammonium aluminum sulfate; Burnt ammonium alum; Exsiccated ammonium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

alum; Sulfuric acid, aluminum ammonium salt (2:1:1), dodecahydrate Classification: Inorganic aluminum compd. Empirical: Al • H3N • 2H2O4S • 12H2O Formula: AlNH4(SO4)2 • 12H2O Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless, strong sweet astringent taste; freely sol. in glycerol; pract. insol. in alcohol; sol. 1 g/7 ml in water; m.w. 453.33; dens. 1.645; m.p. 94.5 C; b.p. dec. > 280 C; noncombustible Toxicology: TLV/TWA 2 mg/m3 (sol. salts, as Al); irritating if inhaled or ingested; causes redness and irritation to skin and eyes when sulfuric acid forms in presence of moisture Precaution: Incompat. with strong bases (can react vigorously) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: On decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and SOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area in labeled dusttight containers; keep closed when not in use Uses: Stabilizer, firming agent, clarifier in foods; buffer, neutralizer in baking powd.; hardener for gelatin; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §178.3120, 182.90, 182.1127, GRAS; Japan approved except for miso; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aerchem http://www.aerchem.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Cooper Chem. http://www.cooperchemical.com/; Dudley http://www.dudley-chem.com/dudley.html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Holland http://www.hollandcompany.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem 842

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Ammonium aluminum alum; Ammonium aluminum sulfate. See Ammonium alum Ammonium, benzyldiethyl ((2,6-xylylcarbamoyl) methyl)-, benzoate. See Denatonium benzoate Ammonium, benzyldimethyloctadecyl-, chloride. See Stearalkonium chloride Ammonium, benzylhexadecyldimethyl-, chloride. See Cetalkonium chloride Ammonium bicarbonate CAS 1066-33-7; EINECS/ELINCS 213-911-5 UN NA 9081 (DOT); INS503(ii); E503 Synonyms: Acid ammonium carbonate; Ammonium bicarbonate (1:1); Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium hydrogen carbonate; Carbonic acid monoammonium salt; Monoammonium carbonate Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: CH2O3 • H3N Formula: NH4HCO3 Properties: Colorless or wh. hard cryst. or cryst. powd., faint ammonia odor; sol. 17.4% in water (20 C); dec. by hot water; insol. in alcohol, acetone; m.w. 79.1; dens. 1.586; m.p. dec. 3660 C; pH 7.0-7.8 (5%) Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 245 mg/kg; poison by intravenous route; TSCA listed Precaution: Can cause skin rashes of scalp, forehead, or hands; evolves irritating fumes on heating to 35 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and NH3 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Direct food additive; alkali, dough strengthener, leavening agent, pH control agent, texturizer in foods, cookies, crackers; baking powd. ingred.; yeast fermentation nutrient Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 182.1135, 184.1135, GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.alfa.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Biorganics; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BASF http://www.basf.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Church & Dwight http://www.ahperformance.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Ebonex http://www.ebonex.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; San Yuan Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sumitomo Chem. http://www.sumitomochem.co.jp; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Ube Ind. http://www.ubeind.co.jp/japanese/index.htm VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com See also Ammonium carbonate Ammonium bicarbonate (1:1). See Ammonium bicarbonate Ammonium biphosphate. See Ammonium phosphate Ammonium bisulfide. See Ammonium sulfide Ammonium bisulfite CAS 10192-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 233-469-7 UN 2693 (DOT) Synonyms: Ammonium hydrogen sulfite; Ammonium monosulfite; Monoammonium sulfite; Sulfurous acid, monoammonium salt 843

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: H5NO3S Formula: H3N • H2O3S Properties: Solid; m.w. 99.11; commercially as pale yel. aq. sol'n. Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NH4– Uses: Catalyst in mfg. of ammoniated caramels; yeast improver in winemaking Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Brotherton Ltd http://www.brotherton.co.uk; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Esseco SpA http://www.esseco.com FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Hydrite http://www.hydrite.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tessenderlo Kerley http://www.tkinet.com/; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wmblythe.co.uk Ammonium caprate INS470 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863 Ammonium caprylate CAS 5972-76-9; EINECS/ELINCS 227-765-5 INS470 Synonyms: Ammonium octanoate; Octanoic acid, ammonium salt Empirical: C8H16O2 • H3N Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863 Ammonium carbonate CAS 506-87-6; 8000-73-5†; 10361-29-2; EINECS/ELINCS 233-786-0 UN 9084; INS503(i); E503 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Carbonic acid, ammonium salt; Carbonic acid, diammonium salt; Diammonium carbonate; Hartshorn Definition: Mixt. of ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbamate Empirical: CH8N2O3 Formula: (NH4)2CO3 Properties: Wh. powd. or wh. or translucent hard mass, strong ammonia odor, sharp taste; slowly sol. in 4 parts water; dec. by hot water; m.w. 96.11; m.p. 58 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 96 mg/kg; poison by subcutaneous and IV routes; TSCA listed Precaution: Dec. on exposure to air; volatilizes at 60 C; incompat. with acids, acid salts, salts of iron and zinc, alkaloids, alum, tartar emetic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and NH3 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Light-sensitive; keep tightly closed in cool place Uses: Direct food additive; buffer, neutralizer, leavening agent, pH control agent, yeast nutrient in foods, baked goods, caramel, gelatins, wine, baking powd.; fermentation accelerator in winemaking Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 184.1137, GRAS; BATF 27CFR 240.1051, limitation 0.2%; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com BASF http://www.basf.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Ebonex http://www.ebonex.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Keystone Universal http://www.keystoneuniversal.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah 844

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com See also Ammonium bicarbonate Ammonium, (carboxymethyl) dodecyldimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt. See Lauryl betaine Ammonium caseinate CAS 9005-42-9 Synonyms: Casein, ammonium salt Definition: Ammonium salt of casein Properties: Anionic Uses: Dispersant, leveling agent in foods, bakery prods.; prod. of ice cream Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §135.110, 135.140; granted prior sanction via clearance for optional use in food standards for frozen desserts; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com; Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Ammonium chloride CAS 12125-02-9; EINECS/ELINCS 235-186-4 INS510 Synonyms: Ammonium muriate; Sal ammonia; Sal ammoniac; Salmiac Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: H4ClN Formula: NH4Cl Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. or powd., cooling saline taste; sol. 28.3% in water, glycerol; sol. in methanol, ethanol; m.w. 53.50; dens. 1.5274; m.p. 337.8 C; b.p. 520 C; pH 4.5-5.5 (1M water, 20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3; STEL 20 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 1650 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1439 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rabbit) 78 mg/kg; poison by subcutaneous, IV and intramuscular routes; severe eye irritant; mutation data; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with alkalis and their carbonates, lead and silver salts; explosive Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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reaction with potassium chlorate or bromine trifluoride; violent reaction with bromine pentafluoride, NH4, NO3, IF7 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, Cl– , and NH3 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store @ R.T. Uses: Direct food additive; yeast food, dough conditioner/strengthener, flavor enhancer, leavening agent, processing aid, flour treatment agent in foods, beer-brewing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §178.1010, 184.1138, GRAS; SARA reportable; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com Cater Chems. http://www.caterchem.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Dallas Group of Am. http://www.dallasgrp.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Min. R&D http://www.mrdc.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com 845

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com; Xiamen Topusing http://www.topusing.com; Zaclon http://www.zaclon.com Ammonium citrate CAS 7632-50-0 Synonyms: Citric acid, ammonium salt; 2Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, ammonium salt; Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ammonium salt Empirical: C6H8O7 • xH3N Properties: Wh. gran. or cryst.; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 311.42; dens. 1.48 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 331 mg/kg; experimental poison by IV route; skin and eye irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §181.29; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aerchem http://www.aerchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Ammonium citrate dibasic CAS 3012-65-5; EINECS/ELINCS 221-146-3 UN 9087; INS380 Synonyms: Ammonium citrate secondary; Citric acid, diammonium salt; Diammonium citrate; Diammonium hydrogen citrate; 2Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, diammonium salt; 1,2,3Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, diammonium salt Definition: Diammonium salt of citric acid, prepared by partially neutralizing citric acid with ammonia Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C6H14N2O7 Formula: (NH4)2HC6H5O7 Properties: Wh. fine gran. or cryst.; ammoniacal odor; sol. in ≈ 1 part water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 226.19; sp.gr. 1.48 Toxicology: Harmful if swallowed or inhaled; may cause irritation to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; may cause respiratory tract irritation, coughing, shortness of breath, GI tract irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; TSCA listed Environmental: May biodegrade to mod. extent; not expected to significantly bioaccumulate Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions; closed containers exposed to heat may explode Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning may produce ammonia, CO, CO2, NOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in well-closed containers Uses: Food additive; flavor enhancer, pH control agent in foods (nonalcoholic beverages, cheeses); stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 177.1350, 181.29, 184.1140, GRAS; SARA §302/313 nonreportable, §311/312 acute hazard; EC, Canada DSL, Australia, Korea listed Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Jost http://www.jostchemical.com; Kemira ChemSolutions BV http://www.kemira.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Riedel-deHaën http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Fluka ___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Riedel. html; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 846

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ammonium citrate secondary. See Ammonium citrate dibasic Ammonium, didecyldimethyl-, chloride. See Didecyldimonium chloride Ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate; Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. See Ammonium phosphate Ammonium, dimethyldioctadecyl-, chloride. See Distearyldimonium chloride Ammonium ferric citrate. See Iron ammonium citrate Ammonium fumarate INS368 Uses: pH control agent in foods Ammonium furcelleran CAS 977089-77-2 Definition: Ammonium salt of furcelleran Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, gellant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.660 Ammonium glutamate CAS 7558-63-6 INS624; E625 Synonyms: MAG; Monoammonium glutamate; Monoammonium L-glutamate Empirical: C5H9NO4 • H3N Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless; sol. in water; insol. in common org. solvs.; m.w. 164.19 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 1000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and NH3 Uses: Food ingred.; flavor enhancer, salt substitute in meat, poultry Features: Multipurpose Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1500, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147 Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomoto-usa.com; http://www.ajichem.com; Molekula Sarl http://www.molekula.co.uk/; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Ammonium glycyrrhizate CAS 53956-04-0; EINECS/ELINCS 258-887-7 Synonyms: Ammoniated glycyrrhizin; α-DGlucopyranosiduronic acid, (3β,20β)-20carboxy-11-oxo-30-norlean-12-en-3-yl-2-Oβ-D-glucopyranuronosyl-, ammoniate; α-DGlucopyranosiduronic acid, (3β,20β)-20Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carboxy-11-oxo-30-norlean-12-en-3-yl-2-Oβ-D-glucopyranuronosyl-, monoammonium salt; Glycamil; Glycyrram; Glycyrrhizic acid, ammonium salt; Glycyrrhizic acid, monoammonium salt; Glycyrrhizin, ammoniated; MAG; Monoammonium glycyrrhizate; Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate Definition: Ammonium salt of glycyrrhizic acid Empirical: C42H62O16 • H3N Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 840.08; m.p. 209 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg, (IP, rat) > 300 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 540 mg/kg; harmful by ing.; may be harmful by inh., skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation, changes in heart/bladder/adrenal wt., hepatitis, changes in blood count; overexposure can cause sodium retention and potassium loss leading to hypertension, water retention, and electrolyte imbalance; mutagen; reproductive effector; target organs; adrenal cortex; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, NOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, surfactant in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §184.1408, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Fisher Scientific UK http://www.fisher.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; MP Biomedicals http://www.mpbio.com; Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com 847

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ammonium glycyrrhizinate CAS 1407-03-0 FEMA 2528 Synonyms: Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate Definition: Obtained by extraction from ammoniated glycyrrhizin, derived from roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra Empirical: C42H65NO16 • 5H2O Properties: Wh. powder; sweet taste; sol. in ammonia; insol. in glacial acetic acid; m.w. 839.91 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 540 mg/kg; mutagen; reproductive effector; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, sweetness potentiator in foods, beverages, candy, baked goods; surfactant, masking agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1408, GRAS; not permitted for use as nonnutritive sweetener in sugar substitutes; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for orals; BP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Magnasweet® 100; Magnasweet® 110; Magnasweet® 115; Magnasweet® 118; Magnasweet® 120 Magnasweet® 125; Magnasweet® 135; Magnasweet® 136; Magnasweet® 150; Magnasweet® 165 Magnasweet® 180; Magnasweet® 185; Magnasweet® Ammonium hydrogen carbonate. See Ammonium bicarbonate Ammonium hydrogen sulfide. See Ammonium sulfide Ammonium hydrogen sulfite. See Ammonium bisulfite Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ammonium hydrosulfide. See Ammonium sulfide Ammonium hydroxide CAS 1336-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 215-647-6 UN NA 2672 (DOT); INS527; E527 Synonyms: Ammonia aqua; Ammonia aqueous; Ammonia solution; Ammonia solution, strong; Ammonia water; Aqua ammonia; Aqua ammonium; Aqueous ammonia; Spirit of Hartshorn; Strong ammonia solution Classification: Inorganic base Empirical: H5NO Formula: NH4OH Properties: Clear colorless liq., very pungent odor, acrid taste; sol. in water; m.w. 35.06; dens. 0.90; m.p. -77 C; flash pt. none; pH 13.6 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 350 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rabbit) 10 mg/kg; human poison by ing.; experimental poison by inh. and ing.; inhalation irritant; severe eye irritant; liq. can inflict burns; mutation data; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; vapor will ignite, but not readily; incompat. with acrolein, nitromethane, acrylic acid, chlorosulfonic acid, dimethyl sulfate, halogens, HCl, HF, HNO3, propylene oxide, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits NH3 and NOx NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool in strong glass, plastic, or rubber-stoppered bottles not completely filled; store below 26 C Uses: Direct food additive; alkali, leavening agent, pH control agent, surface finishing agent, processing aid for foods, baked goods, caramel, cheese, processed fruits, puddings; diluent, solvent for food colors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 177.1600, 182.90, 184.1139, GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Agrium http://www.agrium.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alexander http://www.alexanderchemical.com Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alpharma http://www.alpharma.com; Ashland 848

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; ChemImpex Int'l. http://www.chemimpex.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; G.J. Chem. http://www.gjchemical.com/; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Pharmco Prods. http://www.pharmcoprod.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Ammonium-L-2-hydroxy propionate. See Ammonium lactate Ammonium isovalerate CAS 7563-33-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-458-1 FEMA 2054 Synonyms: Ammonium 3-methyl butanoate; Isovaleric acid ammonium salt; 3- Methyl butanoic acid ammonium salt Empirical: C5H13O2N Properties: Deliq. cryst.; sol. in alcohol, water; m.w. 109 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods for butter, nut, and cheese flavors, baked goods, syrups Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Ammonium lactate CAS 515-98-0; 52003-58-4; EINECS/ELINCS 208-214-8 INS328 Synonyms: Ammonium-L-2-hydroxy propionate; Lactic acid, ammonium salt; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ammonium salt Definition: Ammonium salt of lactic acid Empirical: C3H9NO3 Formula: CH3CHOHCOONH4 Properties: Colorless to yel. syrupy liq.; sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 107.08; dens. 1.19-1.21 (15 C); m.p. 91-94 C Uses: pH control agent, flour treatment agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Magnablend http://www.magnablend.com; PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Reliable Biopharmaceutical http://www.reliablebiopharm.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Purasal® NH/COS Ammonium laurate CAS 2437-23-2; EINECS/ELINCS 219-439-6 INS470 Formula: CH3(CH2)10COONH4 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863

849

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ammonium DL-malate INS349 Properties: Lt. ylsh. liq.; m.w. 190.2 Uses: pH control agent in foods Ammonium mercaptan. See Ammonium sulfide Ammonium 3-methyl butanoate. See Ammonium isovalerate Ammonium monosulfide. See Ammonium sulfide Ammonium monosulfite. See Ammonium bisulfite Ammonium muriate. See Ammonium chloride Ammonium myristate INS470 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863 Ammonium octadecanoate. See Ammonium stearate Ammonium 9-octadecenoate. See Ammonium oleate Ammonium octanoate. See Ammonium caprylate Ammonium oleate CAS 544-60-5; EINECS/ELINCS 208-873-1 INS470 Synonyms: Ammonium 9-octadecenoate; 9Octadecenoic acid, ammonium salt; Oleic acid ammonium salt Classification: Ammonium soap Definition: Ammonium salt of oleic acid Empirical: C18H37NO2 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COONH4 Properties: Ylsh.-brn. paste; ammonia odor; sol. in water; sl. sol. in acetone, ethanol, methanol, benzene, CCl4, xylene, naphtha; m.w. 299.50; soften. pt. 50-55 F; m.p. 70-72 F; dec. on heating Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Original Bradford Soap Works Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.bradfordsoap.com Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Ammonium palmitate CAS 593-26-0 INS470 Synonyms: Hexadecanoic acid ammonium salt Empirical: C16H35NO2 Formula: C15H31COONH4 Properties: Ylsh. granules; sol. in water, hot alcohols, and benzene; m.w. 273.46; m.p. 20 C Precaution: Combustible Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Ammonium pectinate CAS 83046-90-6 Properties: Solid Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1588, GRAS Ammonium peroxydisulfate. See Ammonium persulfate Ammonium persulfate CAS 7727-54-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-786-5 UN 1444 (DOT); INS923 Synonyms: Ammonium peroxydisulfate; Diammonium peroxodisulfate; Peroxydisulfuric acid diammonium salt Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: H8N2O8S2 Formula: (NH4)2S2O8 Properties: Wh. cryst. solid; sol. in water; m.w. 228.20; dens. 1.982; m.p. dec. @ 120 C; dec. in water forming O2 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg(S2O8)/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 689 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 226 mg/kg, (IV, rabbit) 178 mg/kg; poison by IV and IP routes; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Powerful oxidizer; corrosive; fire risk in contact with reducers; releases oxygen when heated; mixts. with sodium peroxide are explosive; violent reaction with iron or sol'ns. of ammonia + silver salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to 850

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx, NH3, and NOx Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Preservative for foods; bleaching agent for food starch; flour treatment agent (Japan); washing infected yeast Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 175.105, 176.170, 177.1200, 178.3520; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com Chem One http://www.chemone.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hydrite http://www.hydrite.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; JTS Enterprises http://www.jtsenterprisesinc.com; Kaltron/Pettibone http://www.kaltron.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com Mitsubishi Int'l. http://www.micusa.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Primachem Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com Ammonium phosphate CAS 7722-76-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-764-5 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Ammonium acid phosphate; Ammonium biphosphate; Ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate; Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; Ammonium phosphate monobasic; MAP; Monoammonium phosphate; Primary ammonium phosphate Empirical: H6NO4P Formula: NH4H2PO4 Properties: Brilliant wh. cryst. or powd., odorless; mildly acidic in reaction; moderately sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; pract. insol. in acetone; m.w. 115.04; dens. 1.803; m.p. 190 C; pH 4.5 (1%, 20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3160-4500 mg/kg; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with NaOCl NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Direct food additive; mfg. of yeast, vinegar, yeast foods and bread improvers; buffer, pH control agent, dough strengthener, dough conditioner, leavening agent for baked goods, baking powd., margarine, whipped toppings, frozen desserts; yeast/microbial fermentation nutrient Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 184.1141a, GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Agrium http://www.agrium.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Cater Chems. http://www.caterchem.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chisso Am.; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker 851

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.mallbaker.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; San Yuan; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Solutia http://www.solutia.com; http://www.coatings-solutia.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xiamen Topusing http://www.topusing.com Trade Names Containing: Improved Paniplus M See also Ammonium phosphate, dibasic Ammonium phosphate, dibasic CAS 7783-28-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-987-8 Synonyms: Ammonium phosphate; DAP; Diammonium hydrogen orthophosphate; Diammonium hydrogen phosphate; Diammonium phosphate; Dibasic ammonium phosphate; Phosphoric acid diammonium salt; Secondary ammonium phosphate Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: H9N2O4P Formula: (NH4)2HPO4 Properties: Wh. cryst. or powd., odorless, cooling salty taste; mildly alkaline in reaction; sol. 1 g/1.7 ml in water; pract. insol. in alcohol, acetone; m.w. 132.07; dens. 1.619; m.p. 155 C (dec.); pH ≈ 8 (1%); noncombustible Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3160-4500 mg/kg; low to moderate toxicity; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of POx, NOx, and NH3 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T.; keep well closed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient in mfg. of yeast, vinegar, bread improvers; buffer, pH control agent, dough strengthener, dough conditioner, leavening agent, firming agent, processing aid in foods, wines; purifying sugar; emulsifier (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 184.1141b, 573.320, GRAS; BATF 27CFR 240.1051, limitation 0.17% as yeast nutrient in wine prod., 0.8% in sparkling wines; Japan approved; NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Agrium http://www.agrium.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Am. Biorganics Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brown http://www.brownchem.com Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Cater Chems. http://www.caterchem.com; Chisso Am.; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com San Yuan; Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solutia http://www.solutia.com; http://www.coatings-solutia.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 852

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Telechem Int'l. http://www.arrayit.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xiamen Topusing http://www.topusing.com Trade Names Containing: 2X Regular Paniplus®; Drize-P Powder See also Ammonium phosphate Ammonium phosphate monobasic. See Ammonium phosphate Ammonium phosphatides CAS 55965-13-4 INS442; E442 Synonyms: Phosphatidic acid, ammonium salt Definition: Ammonium salts of phosphatidic acids derived from edible fats and oils Properties: Unctuous semisolid; sol. in fats; partly sol. in ethanol; insol. in water Uses: Emulsifier in foods, dairy-based beverages (chocolate milk, cocoa, eggnog); visc. control agent for molten chocolate, substitute for soya lecithin in cocoa, chocolate prods., confectionery Features: Flavor-free Ammonium polymannuronate. See Ammonium alginate Ammonium polyphosphate CAS 14728-39-3; 68333-79-9 INS452(v) Synonyms: APP; Polyphosphoric acid, ammonium salt Empirical: H4NO3P Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 97.01; dec. @ 250 C, with rapid decomp. @ 300 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: environmentally friendly Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, pH control agent, raising agent, sequestrant, water retention agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Solutia http://www.solutia.com; http://www.coatings-solutia.com; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ammonium polysulfide. See Ammonium sulfide Ammonium potassium hydrogen phosphate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 181.29 Ammonium saccharin CAS 6381-61-9; EINECS/ELINCS 228-971-8 Synonyms: 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one 1,1dioxide ammonium salt; Saccharin ammonium; Saccharinate ammonium Empirical: C7H8N2O3S Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., intense sweet taste; sol. in water; m.w. 200.21 Toxicology: Severe eye irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Sweetener for special dietary foods, beverages, drink mixes, processed foods, chewable vitamin tablets, chewing gum, baked goods; sugar substitute for cooking or table use Features: Noncaloric Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §180.37; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (limitation 0.01%) Ammonium stearate CAS 1002-89-7; EINECS/ELINCS 213-695-2 INS470 Synonyms: Ammonium octadecanoate; Octadecanoic acid, ammonium salt; Stearic acid, ammonium salt Classification: Sat. aliphatic carboxylic acid salt Definition: Ammonium salt of stearic acid Empirical: C18H39NO2 Formula: C17H35COONH4 Properties: Wh. to tan wax-like solid, free from ammonia odor; sol. in boiling water, hot toluene; partly sol. hot in butyl acetate, ethanol; m.w. 301.50; dens. 0.89 (22 C); m.p. 73-75 C; anionic Toxicology: ACGIH TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3 (stearates); LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, guinea pig) > 3 g/kg; essentially nontoxic; nuisance dust; inh. of high concs. of dust may cause coughing and mild temporary irritation; sl. eye irritant; ing. may cause irritation, nausea, diarrhea; TSCA listed Precaution: Probable combustible dust; may form explosive dust-air mixts.; incompat. with acids (reacts vigorously) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. 853

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference prods.: CO, CO2, NOx, ammonia Storage: Store in cool area away from ignition sources Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Davidson Labs; Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Original Bradford Soap Works http://www.bradfordsoap.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Ammonium sulfate CAS 7783-20-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-984-1 UN 2506 (DOT); INS517; E517 Synonyms: Diammonium sulfate; Mascagnite; Sulfate of ammonia; Sulfuric acid diammonium salt Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: H8N2O4S Formula: (NH4)2SO4 Properties: Colorless or wh. cryst. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, acetone; m.w. 132.16; dens. 1.77; m.p. > 280 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2840 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 640 mg/kg; moderately toxic by several routes; TSCA listed Precaution: Incandescent reaction on heating with potassium chlorate; reaction with sodium hypochlorite gives the unstable explosive nitrogen trichloride Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, NH3, and SOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. in dry location; sl. hygroscopic; keep container well sealed Uses: Food additive; dough strengthener, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dough conditioner, flour treatment agent, yeast food, firming agent, processing aid, fermentation aid in foods, baked goods, gelatins, puddings; microbial fermentation nutrient Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 177.1200, 184.1143, GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Accurate Chem. & Scientific http://www.accuratechemical.com; Advance Research Chems. http://www.fluoridearc.com; Agrium http://www.agrium.com Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Altivia http://www.altivia.com; Am. Biorganics Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de BASF http://www.basf.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brown http://www.brownchem.com Cater Chems. http://www.caterchem.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Dakota Gasification http://www.dakotagas.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; General Alum & Chem. http://www.gacchemical.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Holland http://www.hollandcompany.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. 854

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.pentamfg.com; QC Corp. http://www.qccorporation.com/ Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; San Yuan; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Arco B; Arco B NB; Fermaloid®; Ferment Buffer; KC Yeast Food - No Bromate KC Yeast Food - No Oxidants; N'Hance (Phase I) Powd. Ammonium sulfhydrate. See Ammonium sulfide Ammonium sulfide CAS 12135-76-1 (sol'n.); 12124-99-1; EINECS/ELINCS 235-223-4 UN 2683 (DOT; UN sol'n.); FEMA 2053 Synonyms: Ammonium bisulfide; Ammonium hydrogen sulfide; Ammonium hydrosulfide; Ammonium mercaptan; Ammonium monosulfide; Ammonium polysulfide; Ammonium sulfhydrate; Monoammonium sulfide Empirical: H8N2S Formula: (NH4)2S Properties: Yel. cryst.; liq. @ R.T.; sol. in alcohol, ammonia, cold water; m.w. 68.15; dens. 0.997 (20/4 C); m.p. dec.; flash pt. 90 F Toxicology: LDLo (oral, mouse) 80 mg/kg, (skin mouse) 2457 mg/kg, IP, mouse) 10 mg/kg; poison by ing., skin contact, subcut., IV, IP routes; corrosive; strong irritant to skin and mucous membranes; readily absorbed through skin; sol'n.: fatal poisoning has been reported from use in hair waves; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; unstable except in absence of moisture and below 0 C; incompat. with zinc Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of SOx, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

NOx, and NH3 Storage: Hygroscopic cryst. Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Columbus Chem. Ind. http://www.columbuschemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Ammonium sulfite CAS 10196-04-0; EINECS/ELINCS 233-484-9 Synonyms: Sulfurous acid, diammonium salt Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: H8N2O3S Formula: (NH4)2SO3 • H2O (commercial form) Properties: Colorless cryst., acrid sulfurous taste; sol. in water; m.w. 116.14; dens. 1.41; sublimes @ 150 C with decomp. Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Caramelization aid in caramel prod. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Camida USA http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Ammonium, trimethyloctadecyl-, chloride. See Steartrimonium chloride Amorphous silica. See Diatomaceous earth, amorphous; Silica, amorphous hydrated Amorphous silica dust. See Silica, fumed Amorphous silica gel. See Silica, amorphous Amygdalin. See Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil 855

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Amyl acetate CAS 628-63-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-047-3 UN 1104 (DOT) Synonyms: Acetic acid amyl ester; Acetic acid pentyl ester; n-Amyl acetate; Amylacetic ester; Amylacetic ether; Pear oil; Pentacetate; 1-Pentanol acetate; Pentyl acetate; 1-Pentyl acetate; n-Pentyl acetate; Pentyl ethanoate; Primary amyl acetate Classification: Carboxylic acid ester Definition: Ester of amyl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: CH3COOC5H11 Properties: Colorless liq. (pure), yel. liq. (commercial); pear or banana-like odor; completely sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 130.19; sp.gr. 0.876 (20 C); vapor pressure 3.5 mm Hg; m.p. -70.8 C; b.p. 149 C; flash pt. (CC) 25 C; autoignition temp. 360 C; ref. index 1.4013; surf. tens. 25.13 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 4.475 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 100 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 6500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; skin and eye irritant; inh. of vapor can irritate nose/throat; higher exposure may cause breathing difficulty, increased heart rate, CNS depression; severe exposures may cause unconsciousness; low order of chronic toxicity; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.72; ThOD 2.34 Precaution: Flamm.; LEL 1.1%; UEL 7.5%; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; mod. explosive as vapor exposed to flame; incompat. with reducing agents, strong acids, strong bases (decomp. can occur), oxidizing agents (increased risk of fire and explosion) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; avoid generating mist Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Banana-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; FEMA GRAS; CERCLA hazardous substance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Osaka Org. Chem. Ind.; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Quaker City; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Toyo Gosei Kogyo http://www.toyogosei.co.jp n-Amyl acetate. See Amyl acetate s-Amyl acetate CAS 626-38-0 UN 1104 (DOT); FEMA 4012 Synonyms: 2-Acetoxypentane; 1-Methylbutyl acetate; 2-Pentanol acetate; pentan-2-yl acetate; 2-Pentyl acetate Classification: Carboxylic acid ester Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: CH3COOCH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless clear liq.; fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 130.19; sp.gr. 0.862-0.866 (20/20 C); m.p. -78.5 C; b.p. 134 C; flash pt. (CC) 32 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 125 ppm; LCLo (inh., guinea pig, 5 h) 10,000 ppm; mild skin and eye irritant; inh. of vapor may cause nose/throat irritation; higher exposure may cause difficulty breathing, increased heart rate, CNS depression symptoms; ing. may 856

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference cause mouth/throat irritation, increased heart rate, headache, dizziness, weakness; unconsciousness on severe exposure; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; mod. explosive as vapor exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with oxidizing materials (increase fire/explosion hazard), strong acids, strong bases, reducing materials (decomp. can occur) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; avoid generating mist Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Trade Names Containing: Banana Treattarome 9730 Amylacetic ester; Amylacetic ether. See Amyl acetate n-Amyl alcohol CAS 71-41-0; EINECS/ELINCS 200-752-1 UN 1105 (DOT); FEMA 2056 Synonyms: Alcohol C-5; Amyl alcohol, normal; n-Butyl carbinol; 1-Pentanol; Pentanol-1; Pentan-1-ol; n-Pentanol; Pentyl alcohol; n-Pentyl alcohol; Primary amyl alcohol Classification: Primary aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C5H12O Formula: CH3(CH2)4OH Properties: Colorless clear liq., somewhat sweet balsamic odor; sl. sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 88.15; sp.gr. 0.812 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 2.2 mm Hg; m.p. -79 C; b.p. 137-139 C; flash pt. (CC) 38 C; autoignition temp. 300 C; ref. index 1.409; surf. tens. 25.6 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 13.9 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3030 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4490 mg/kg; highly toxic; corrosive; narcotic; ingestion of 30 mg can cause death in humans; irritating to respiratory tract; severe eye and skin irritant; can be absorbed through skin in toxic amts.; inh. can cause nose/throat irritation, CNS depression; extreme exposure may cause double vision, deafness, delirium, fatalities; may cause severe lung damage, respiratory/cardiac arrest, or death if Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

aspirated into lungs; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.55; ThOD 2.73 Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; incompat. with oxidizing agents (increases fire/explosion risk) NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 176.180, 176.210; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference s-Amyl alcohol CAS 6032-29-7; EINECS/ELINCS 227-907-6 UN 1105 (DOT); FEMA 3316 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxypentane; 1-Methyl-1butanol; Methyl propyl carbinol; Pentan-2ol; 2-Pentanol; Pentanol-2; s-Pentyl alcohol Classification: Sec. aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C5H12O Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH(OH)CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; mild winey, ethereal odor; sol. in water, alcohol, ether m.w. 88.15; sp.gr. 0.8098 (20 C); f.p. -50 C; m.p. -75 C; b.p. 118-119 C; flash pt. (CC) 33 C; ref. index 1.403-1.409 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1470 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP route; narcotic; skin and severe eye irritant; can be absorbed through skin; inh. may cause nose/throat irritation, headache, dizziness, coughing, nausea, vomiting; severe exposure may cause double vision, deafness, delirium, severe nervous symptoms, fatalities; ing. may cause 'alcohol' intoxication symptoms; may cause severe lung damage, respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, death if aspirated into lungs; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; severe explosion hazard exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with oxidizing agents (increases fire/explosion hazard), hydrogen trisulfide (explosive reaction possible) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Amyl alcohol, active. See 2-Methyl-1-butanol Amyl alcohol, commercial. See Fusel oil refined Amyl alcohol, normal. See n-Amyl alcohol Amyl alcohols, mixed. See Fusel oil refined Amylaldehyde. See n-Valeraldehyde

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Amylase CAS 9000-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7 INS1100 Synonyms: 1,4-D-Glucan glucanohydrolase; Glycogenase Classification: Enzyme Definition: Mixt. of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic linkages of polysaccharides such as glycogen, starch, or their degradation prods. Properties: Off-wh. powd. or suspension Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 15 g/kg; may produce hypersensitivity reactions; TSCA listed Storage: Hygroscopic; keep under argon Uses: Enzyme for conversion of starch to glucose sugar in syrups (esp. corn syrups), baking (to improve crumb softness and shelf life), brewing, distilling, animal feeds; flour treatment agent Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Trade Names: Amflex; AMT 1.2L; Amylase DS; BAN 800 MG; Clarase® Conc. Multifect AA 16L; Multifect AA 23L; Novamyl™ L Trade Names Containing: Biodiastase 1000; CDC-10A (NB); Crust EZE; Enzobake®; Enzopharm® Pancreatin 3X USP Powder; Pancreatin 4X USP Granular; Pancreatin 4X USP Powder; Pancreatin 5X USP Powder; Pancreatin 6X USP Powder Pancreatin 8X USP Powder; Pancreatin BP 98; Pancreatin USP 23; Pancrelipase USP Powder; Proflex SPL Pancreatin 4X USP; SPL Pancreatin 6X USP; SPL Pancreatin 8X USP; SPL Pancrelipase USP; Veron® TX See also Diastase α-Amylase CAS 9000-90-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-565-6 Definition: Enzyme used to liquefy starch Properties: Colorless solid; sol. in water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7500 mg/kg; May cause eye irritation; not irritating to skin; ing. may cause GI irritation, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea 858

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural enzyme for foods (starch hydrolysis reagent) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1027 (from B. licheniformis), GRAS; GRAS for several other sources; UK, Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: B.I. Chems.; Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Roche Diagnostics http://www.roche-appliedscience.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Enzeco® Fungal Alpha Amylase; Fresh-N®; Kleistase T10S; Liquamil-340; Liquamil-1200 Liquamil 7000 Concentrate; Nutrilife® Trade Names Containing: Fungamyl 800 L; Fungamyl Super BR; Kleistase E5S β-Amylase CAS 9001-91-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-566-1 Uses: Natural enzyme for foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com; B.I. Chems.; Bio-Cat http://www.bio-cat.com; Pharmline http://www.pharmlineinc.com; Spec. Enzymes & Biochems. http://www.specialtyenzymes.com Amyl benzoate CAS 2049-96-9; EINECS/ELINCS 218-077-6 Synonyms: n-Amyl benzoate; Benzoic acid, pentyl ester; Pentyl benzoate; n-Pentyl benzoate Definition: Ester of amyl alcohol and benzoic acid Empirical: C12H16O2 Properties: M.w. 192.28; flash pt. > 100 C Toxicology: Primary irritant; mild skin irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.5% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com n-Amyl benzoate. See Amyl benzoate Amyl butyrate CAS 540-18-1; EINECS/ELINCS 208-739-2 UN 2620; FEMA 2059 Synonyms: n-Amyl butyrate; Butanoic acid pentyl ester; Pentyl butanoate; Pentyl butyrate Empirical: C9H18O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2COOCH2(CH2)3CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; strong, penetrating apricot-like odor, sweet taste; very sol. in alcohol, ether; sol. 0.54 g/l in water (50 C); m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.8713 (15/4 C); m.p. 73.2 C; b.p.185-186 C; ref. index 1.4110 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12,210 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, syrups Features: Imitation banana flavor; also in apricot, cherry, pear, plum, and pineapple flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com See also Isoamyl butyrate n-Amyl butyrate. See Amyl butyrate γ-N-Amylbutyrolactone. See γ-Nonalactone Amyl caproate; Amyl capronate. See Amyl hexanoate Amyl caprylate. See Amyl octanoate Amylcarbinol. See Hexyl alcohol 859

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Amyl cinnamal (INCI). See αAmylcinnamaldehyde α-Amylcinnamaldehyde CAS 122-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 204-541-5 FEMA 2061 Synonyms: Amyl cinnamal (INCI); Amylcinnamaldeyhde; Amyl cinnamic aldehyde; α-Amyl cinnamic aldehyde; αAmyl β-phenylacrolein; 2Benzylideneheptanal; Heptanal, 2(phenylmethylene); Jasminaldehyde; Jasmine aldehyde; α-Pentylaldehyde; αPentylcinnamaldehyde; 3-Pentyl-3-phenyl2-propenal; 2-(Phenylmethylene) heptanal Classification: Organic aromatic compd. Empirical: C14H18O Formula: C6H4CH:C(CHO)CH2(CH2)3CH3 Properties: Yellow clear oily liq.; floral (jasmine) odor; sol. in most fixed oils; sol. in 6 vols. of 80% alcohol; m.w. 202.30; dens. 0.970; b.p. 153-154 C (10 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5552 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg: mod. toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com; Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.safcspecialties.com; Soda Aromatic http://www.soda.co.jp Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com α-Amylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal CAS 91-87-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202-104-3 FEMA 2062 Synonyms: Amylcinnamal dimethyl acetal; αN-Amyl cinnamal dimethyl acetal; α-NAmyl-β-phenyl acrolein dimethyl acetal; 1,1Dimethoxy-2-amyl-3-phenyl-2-propene; (2(Dimethoxymethyl)-1-heptenyl) benzene Empirical: C16H24O2 Formula: C6H5CH=C[(CH2)4CH3]CH(OCH3)2 Properties: Pale yel. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 248.37; sp. gr. 0.953-0.963; b.p. 300 C; acid no. 1.0 max.; ref. index 1.5081.513 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Lemon-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Amylcinnamaldeyhde. See αAmylcinnamaldehyde Amylcinnamal dimethyl acetal; α-N-Amyl cinnamal dimethyl acetal. See αAmylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal Amyl cinnamic acetate. See α-Amylcinnamyl acetate α-Amyl cinnamic alcohol; n-Amyl cinnamic alcohol. See α-Amylcinnamyl alcohol Amyl cinnamic aldehyde; α-Amyl cinnamic aldehyde. See α-Amylcinnamaldehyde α-Amylcinnamyl acetate CAS 7493-78-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-339-4 FEMA 2064 Synonyms: Amyl cinnamic acetate; α-N-Amylβ-phenylacryl acetate; 2-Benzylidene-1heptanol acetate; Cinnamyl alcohol, αpentyl, acetate; α-Pentyl cinnamyl acetate; 2-(Phenylmethylene) heptyl acetate Empirical: C16H22O2 Formula: C6H5-CH=C([CH2]4-CH3)-CH2-OCO-CH3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 246.35; sp. gr. 0.953-0.961; acid no. 1.0 max.; ref. index 1.4870-1.495 860

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: Mod. toxic skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com α-Amylcinnamyl alcohol CAS 101-85-9; EINECS/ELINCS 202-982-8 FEMA 2065 Synonyms: α-Amyl cinnamic alcohol; n-Amyl cinnamic alcohol; 2-Amyl-3-phenyl-2propen-1-ol; 2-Benzylidene-heptanol; 2Benzylidene-1-heptanol; α-Pentylcinnamyl alcohol; 2-Pentyl-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ol Empirical: C14H20O Properties: Ylsh. liq.; m.w. 204.31; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.5330-1.5400 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com α-Amylcinnamyl formate CAS 7493-79-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-341-5 FEMA 2066 Synonyms: α-n-Amyl-β-phenylacryl formate; 2-Benzylidene-1-heptyl for; αPentylcinnamyl formate; 2-(Phenyl methylene) heptyl formate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C15H20O2 Properties: Colorless cl. liq., herbaceous odor; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 232.33 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL α-Amylcinnamyl isovalerate CAS 7493-80-3 FEMA 2067 Synonyms: α-n-Amyl-β-phenylacryl isovalerate; Floxin isovalerate; αPentylcinnamyl isovalerate Empirical: C19H28O2 Properties: Colorless liq., mild fruity odor, somewhat spicy flavor; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 288.43 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ChemSampCo http://www.chemsampco.com 2-Amylcyclopentanoneacetic acid methyl ester. See Methyl dihydrojasmonate Amyl ethyl carbinol. See 3-Octanol Amyl ethyl ketone; n-Amyl ethyl ketone. See 3Octanone Amyl formate CAS 638-49-3; EINECS/ELINCS 211-340-6 UN 1109 (DOT); FEMA 2068 Synonyms: n-Amyl formate; Formic acid, pentyl ester; Pentyl formate; n-Pentyl formate Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: HCOOC5H11 Properties: Colorless liq.; plum-like odor; misc. with oils, hydrocarbons, alcohols, ether, ketones; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 116.16; dens. 0.880-0.885; m.p. -73.5 C; b.p. 123.5 C; flash pt. 26.6 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; toxic by inh. and ing.; mod. irritant by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire risk; reacts vigorously with heat, flame, oxidizing materials NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, 861

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference chewing gum Features: Ethereal, fruity, earthy flavoring Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Amyl formate. See Isoamyl formate n-Amyl formate. See Amyl formate Amylfuran CAS 3777-69-3; EINECS/ELINCS 223-234-7 UN 1993; FEMA 3317 Synonyms: 2-n-Amylfuran; 2-Pentylfuran; 2-NPentylfuran Empirical: C9H14O Properties: Colorless to yel. liq.; fruity green earthy beany vegetable metallic odor; m.w. 138.21; sp.gr. 0.886; dens. 7.372 lb/gal; vapor dens. 4.7; b.p. 64-66 C (23 mm Hg); flash pt. 45.55 C; ref. index 1.447 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 1200 mg/kg; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may cause irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; store under nitrogen; keep away from heat and open flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, beverages Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 2-n-Amylfuran. See Amylfuran Amyl 2-furoate CAS 1334-82-3; 4996-48-9; EINECS/ELINCS 215-616-7 FEMA 2072 Synonyms: Furan-2-carboxylic acid pentyl ester; Pentyl-2-furoate Empirical: C10H14O3 Properties: M.w. 182.22; dens. 1.033; b.p. 95-97 C (1 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4740 Storage: Refrigerate; store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, baked goods, condiments Features: Fennel, mildly oily flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Amyl heptanoate CAS 7493-82-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-342-0 FEMA 2073 Synonyms: n-Amyl heptanoate; Heptanoic acid pentyl ester; Pentyl heptanoate Empirical: C12H24O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel., cl. liq., fruity odor; sol. in most organic solvents; m.w. 200.32; b.p. 245.4 C; ref. index 1.42627 (20 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Ethereal, fruity, unripe banana, coconut, lemon odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com n-Amyl heptanoate. See Amyl heptanoate

862

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Amyl hexanoate CAS 540-07-8; EINECS/ELINCS 208-732-4 FEMA 2074 Synonyms: Amyl caproate; Amyl capronate; Amyl hexylate; Hexanoic acid, pentyl ester; Pentyl caproate; Pentyl hexanoate Empirical: C11H22O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)4COO(CH2)4CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; banana odor; m.w. 186.30; sp.gr. 0.8612; m.p. -47 C; b.p. 226 C; flash pt. 89 C; ref. index 1.4202 (25 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com See also Isoamyl hexanoate Amyl hexylate. See Amyl hexanoate Amyl isovalerate CAS 25415-62-7; EINECS/ELINCS 246-954-3 FEMA 2085 Synonyms: n-Amyl isovalerate; Isovaleric acid pentyl ester; Pentyl isovalerate; Pentyl 3methylbutanoate Empirical: C10H20O2 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sp. gr. 0.872; b.p. 169-170 C; flash pt. 72 C; ref. index .421 ± 0.02 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; tobacco additive (UK) Features: Apple, fresh fruity odor Regulatory: Canada approved (foods); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com n-Amyl isovalerate. See Amyl isovalerate Amyl 2-methylbutyrate CAS 68039-26-9; EINECS/ELINCS 268-244-2 Synonyms: N-Amyl 2-methylbutyrate; 2Methyl butanoic acid pentyl ester; Pentyl 2methyl butanoate; Pentyl 2-methyl butyrate Empirical: C10H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; apple, fruity odor; sp. gr. 0.845-0.865; m.w. 172.27; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; b.p. 194-195 C; flash pt. (CC) 69 C; ref. index 1.413-1.416; acidity -1.000 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com N-Amyl 2-methylbutyrate. See Amyl 2methylbutyrate Amyl methyl carbinol; n-Amyl methyl carbinol. See 2-Heptanol Amyl methyl ketone; n-Amyl methyl ketone. See Methyl n-amyl ketone Amyl octanoate CAS 638-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 211-328-0 FEMA 2079 Synonyms: Amyl caprylate; n-Amyl octanoate; Amyl octylate; Pentyl octanoate; Pentyl octylate Empirical: C13H26O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq., orris odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water and glycerin; m.w. 214.35; sp.gr. 0.8562; m.p. -34 C; b.p. 260 C; flash pt. 121 C; ref. index 1.4262 (25 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Sweet wine flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. 863

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com

http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Trade Names Containing: Nastar®

n-Amyl octanoate; Amyl octylate. See Amyl octanoate

Amylopectin 6-gluconohydrolase. See Pullulanase from [l]Klebsiella pneumoniae[r]

Amyloglucosidase CAS 9032-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-877-2 Synonyms: Glucoamylase; exo-1,4-αGlucosidase Definition: Exoamylase enzyme derived from Rhizopus niveus with diatomaceous silica as carrier; hydrolyzes α-1,4-glucoside bonds Properties: Powd.; m.w. ≈ 97,000 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic; keep under argon Uses: Enzyme converting starches to dextrose for food processing; degrading agent for gelatinized starch into constituent sugars for use in distilled spirits, vinegar, low-carbohydrate beer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.110, GRAS; Canada, Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: AMG 800 BG; Enzeco® Glucoamylase Powder AN; Enzeco® Glucoamylase Powder RO Trade Names Containing: Fungamyl 800 L

Amylose CAS 9005-82-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-685-9 Synonyms: (+)-Amylose Classification: Nonaromatic alcohol Definition: The inner, relatively soluble portion of starch granules Properties: Solid Toxicology: Harmful by inh., ing., skin contact; severe irritant; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.180 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Apollo Scientific http://www.apolloscientific.co.uk; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Nastar®

Amylopectin CAS 9037-22-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-911-6 Synonyms: Amioca; Kosol Definition: Branched chain polysaccharide portion of starch, obtained from corn or potato Properties: Solid Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation Storage: Store and use with adequate ventilation Uses: Visc. control agent in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; City Chem. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(+)-Amylose. See Amylose α-Amylose. See Cellulose Amylotriose. See Maltotriose α-Amyl β-phenylacrolein. See αAmylcinnamaldehyde α-N-Amyl-β-phenyl acrolein dimethyl acetal. See α-Amylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal α-N-Amyl-β-phenylacryl acetate. See αAmylcinnamyl acetate α-n-Amyl-β-phenylacryl formate. See αAmylcinnamyl formate α-n-Amyl-β-phenylacryl isovalerate. See αAmylcinnamyl isovalerate 2-Amyl-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-ol. See αAmylcinnamyl alcohol Amyl propanoate. See Amyl propionate Amyl propionate CAS 624-54-4; EINECS/ELINCS 210-852-7 Synonyms: Amyl propanoate; n-Amyl propionate; Pentyl propanoate; Pentyl propionate; n-Pentyl propionate; Propanoic 864

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acid, pentyl ester Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: CH3CH2COOC5H11 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity apricot-pineapple odor; sol. in alcohol, most fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, water @ 160 C; m.w. 144.21; dens. 0.869-0.873; vapor pressure 1.5 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 156 C; flash pt. 106 F; ref. index 1.405-1.409 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 14 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 14 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; fire hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Japan approved as flavoring Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Dow http://www.dow.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com n-Amyl propionate. See Amyl propionate Amyl salicylate CAS 2050-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 218-080-2 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, pentyl ester; Pentyl 2-hydroxybenzoate; Pentyl salicylate; Salicylic acid pentyl ester Definition: Ester of amyl alcohol and salicylic acid Empirical: C12H16O3 Formula: C6H4OHCOOC5H11 Properties: Water-wh. liq., orchid-like odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water, glycerol; m.w. 208.26; dens. 1.053; b.p. 277-278 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5050-1.5080 (20 C) Toxicology: Severe skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Amyl-Δ-valerolactone. See Δ-Decalactone Amyl vinyl carbinol. See 1-Octen-3-ol Amyl vinyl carbinol acetate; Amyl vinyl carbinyl acetate. See 1-Octen-3-yl acetate Amyris. See Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) CAS 977059-69-0 Synonyms: Amyris; Amyris balsamifera; Sandalwood, West Indian; West Indian sandalwood Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) oil CAS 8015-65-4 Synonyms: Amyris balsamifera; Amyris balsamifera oil; Amyris oil; Amyris oil, West Indian type; Sandalwood oil; Sandalwood oil, West Indian; West Indian rosewood oil; West Indian sandalwood oil Definition: Produced by steam distillation of wood from Amyris balsamifera tree, contg. caryophyllene, cadinene, cadinol Properties: Pale-yel. liq.; sandalwood odor; burning taste; sol. in alcohol; dens. 0.96 kg/l (20 C); ref. index 1.5035-1.5120 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4540 mg/kg; low toxicity by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, liqueurs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Asiamerica Int'l.; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; 865

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Amyris balsamifera; Amyris balsamifera oil; Amyris oil; Amyris oil, West Indian type. See Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) oil Ananas comusus extract. See Pineapple (Ananas sativus) extract Ananase. See Bromelain Ananas sativus. See Pineapple (Ananas sativus) extract; Pineapple (Ananas sativus) juice Ananas sativus extract. See Pineapple (Ananas sativus) extract Ananas sativus juice. See Pineapple (Ananas sativus) juice Anchovyxanthin. See Zeaxanthin Andropogo nardus; Andropogon nardus oil. See Lemongrass oil East Indian Anethol. See Anethole trans-Anethol. See trans-Anethole Anethole CAS 104-46-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-205-5 FEMA 2086 Synonyms: Anethol; Anetol; Anise camphor; Benzene, 1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-; Isoestragole; p-Methoxy-β-methylstyrene; 1(p-Methoxyphenyl) propene; 1-Methoxy-4propenylbenzene; 4Methoxypropenylbenzene; pMethoxypropenylbenzene; 4Propenylanisole; p-Propenylanisole; p-1Propenylanisole; p-Propenylphenyl methyl ether Classification: Substituted aromatic ether Definition: Obtained from anise oil and other sources or prepared synthetically Empirical: C10H12O Formula: CH3CH:CHC6H4OCH3 Properties: Wh. cryst. or lt. yel. liq. above 23 C, anise odor, sweet taste; very sl. sol. in water; misc. with abs. alcohol, ether, chloroform; m.w. 148.22; dens. 0.991 (20/20 C); m.p. 22.5 C; b.p. 235.3 C; flash pt. 90 C; ref. index 1.5571.561 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2090 mg/kg; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

poison by ing.; skin contact may cause hives, scaling, blisters; may cause human intolerance reaction; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, licorice candy, baked goods, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; 27CFR §21.151; FEMA GRAS; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Andrea Aromatics Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com; BDH BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/ Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hindustan Mint & Agro Products http://www.hindustanmint.com/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Kishida Chem. http://www.kishida.co.jp; Kobayashi Perfumery 866

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.kobayashikoryo.co.jp; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Soda Aromatic http://www.soda.co.jp; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names: Anethole Extra USP 21/22, FCC p-Anethole. See trans-Anethole trans-Anethole CAS 4180-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 224-052-0 FEMA 2086 Synonyms: trans-Anethol; p-Anethole; transAnise camphor; Anisole, p-propenyl-, (E); Anisole, p-propenyl-, trans-; Benzene, 1methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-, (E)-; trans-pMethoxy-β-methylstyrene; trans-1-(pMethoxyphenyl) propene; (E)-1-Methoxy-4(1-propenyl) benzene; trans-1-Methoxy-4-(1propenyl) benzene; (E)-p-Propenylanisole; trans-p-Propenylanisole Definition: Naturally occurring essential oil Empirical: C10H12O Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. solid; sweet anise odor; sol. in org. solvs., paraffin oil, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol; nonmisc. with water; m.w. 148; sp.gr. 0.985-0.991; m.p. 21-22 C; b.p. 234-237 C; flash pt. > 61 C; ref. index 1.559-1.563 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2090 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 593 mg/kg; irritant; may cause sensitization by skin contact; may cause irritation to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; potential anti-carcinogen; TSCA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. waters Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents; avoid heat, open flames, ignition sources Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat and open flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, beverages Regulatory: Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS; Japan ENCS (no.3-572); FDA CFR §182.60 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/ Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; LKT Labs http://www.lktlabs.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Anethum graveolens oil; Anethum graveolens seed oil. See Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil Anethum sowa oil. See Dill (Anethum sowa) seed oil Anetol. See Anethole Aneurine. See Thiamine Aneurine hydrochloride. See Thiamine HCl Aneurine mononitrate. See Thiamine nitrate Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract CAS 84775-41-7; 977032-49-7; 8015-64-3; EINECS/ELINCS 283-871-1 FEMA 2087 Synonyms: Angelica archangelica; Angelica archangelica extract; Angelica extract; Angelica root extract; Archangelica officinalis; European angelica extract; Garden angelica extract 867

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Extract of roots of Angelica archangelica Properties: Pale yel. to amber liq., pungent odor, bitter-sweet taste; sol. in fixed oils; sl. sol. in min. oil Toxicology: May cause skin rash or swelling when exposed to light Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, syrups Use Level: 0.78% max. in skin cosmetics likely exposed to sunlight Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Flavex Naturextrakte GmbH http://www.flavex.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com

Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §182.20, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com

Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil CAS 8015-64-3; 84775-41-7; 8015-66-5; EINECS/ELINCS 283-871-1 FEMA 2088; 2089; 2091 Synonyms: Angelica archangelica; Angelica archangelica oil; Angelica archangelica root oil; Angelica oil, root; Angelica root oil Definition: Essential oil obtained from roots of Angelica archangelica, contg. mainly D-αphellandrene and cyclopentadecalactone Properties: Pale yel. to amber liq., pungent odor, bittersweet taste; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; sl. sol. in min. oil; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, water; dens. 0.857-0.915 (15/15 C); acid no. 7 max.; ref. index 1.473-1.487 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 11,000 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 2200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, liqueurs Use Level: 0.78% max. in skin cosmetics likely exposed to sunlight

Angelica (Angelica archangelica) seed oil CAS 977050-08-0; 8015-64-3 FEMA 2090 Synonyms: Angelica archangelica; Angelica archangelica seed oil; Angelica seed oil Definition: Extracted from seeds of Angelica archangelica Properties: Lt. yel. liq., sweet taste; sol. in fixed oils; sl. sol. in min. oil; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages Use Level: 0.78% max. in skin cosmetics likely exposed to sunlight Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Angelica archangelica; Angelica archangelica extract. See Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract Angelica archangelica oil; Angelica archangelica root oil. See Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil Angelica archangelica seed oil. See Angelica (Angelica archangelica) seed oil Angelica extract. See Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract Angelica lactone. See Pentadecalactone Angelica oil, root. See Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil Angelica root extract. See Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract Angelica root oil. See Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil Angelica seed oil. See Angelica (Angelica archangelica) seed oil Angostura; Angostura bark. See Angostura (Galipea officinalis) Angostura extract. See Angostura (Galipea officinalis) extract Angostura (Galipea officinalis) CAS 977000-22-8 Synonyms: Angostura; Angostura bark; Carony bark; Cusparia bark; Galipea officinalis Definition: Bark of tree Galipea officinalis Properties: Ylsh. liq., aromatic unpleasant musty odor, burning bitter flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Wm. Bernstein Angostura (Galipea officinalis) extract CAS 68916-12-1; EINECS/ELINCS 294-354-5 FEMA 2092 Synonyms: Angostura extract; Cusparia bark extract; Galipea officinalis; Galipea officinalis extract Definition: Extract derived from tree Galipea officinalis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in beverages, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Anhydrite (natural form). See Calcium sulfate 3,6-Anhydro-d-galactan. See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1,4-Anhydro-D-glucitol, 6-hexadecanoate. See Sorbitan palmitate Anhydro-d-glucitol monooctadecanoate. See Sorbitan stearate 1,6-Anhydro-D-glucose CAS 498-07-7; EINECS/ELINCS 207-855-0 Synonyms: β-D-Glucopyranose, 1,6-anhydro-; D-Glucose, 1,6-anhydro-; Levoglucosan Empirical: C6H10O5 Properties: M.w. 162.14 Uses: Source of carbohydrates Manuf./Distrib.: Biosynth AG http://www.biosynth.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Molekula UK http://www.molekula.co.uk/; Sciencelab http://www.sciencelab.com; Senn Chem. AG http://www.sennchem.com Trade Names Containing: Litesse® Ultra™ Anhydrohexitol sesquioleate. See Sorbitan sesquioleate Anhydrosorbitol monolaurate. See Sorbitan laurate Anhydrosorbitol monooleate. See Sorbitan oleate Anhydrosorbitol monostearate. See Sorbitan stearate Anhydrosorbitol sesquioleate. See Sorbitan sesquioleate Anhydrosorbitol sesquistearate. See Sorbitan sesquistearate Anhydrosorbitol stearate. See Sorbitan stearate Anhydrosorbitol trioleate. See Sorbitan trioleate Anhydrosorbitol tristearate. See Sorbitan tristearate Anhydro-o-sulfaminebenzoic acid. See Saccharin Anhydrous ammonia. See Ammonia Anhydrous calcium sulfate; Anhydrous gypsum. See Calcium sulfate Anhydrous iron oxide. See Ferric oxide Anhydrous lanolin. See Lanolin Aniba rosaeodora; Aniba rosaeodora oil. See Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil Animal oil, monoglycerides, diglycerides. See Lard glycerides Anisaldehyde. See p-Anisaldehyde 2-Anisaldehyde; o-Anisaldehyde. See oMethoxybenzaldehyde p-Anisaldehyde CAS 123-11-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-602-6 FEMA 2670 869

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Anisaldehyde; Anisic aldehyde; pAnisic aldehyde; Aubepine; 4Methoxybenzaldehyde; pMethoxybenzaldehyde Empirical: C8H8O2 Formula: C6H4(OCH3)CHO Properties: Colorless oil, hawthorn odor; sol. in propylene glycol; misc. in alcohol, ether, fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, water; m.w. 136.15; dens. 1.123 (20/4 C); m.p. 2.5 C; b.p. 247-248 C; flash pt. 121 C; ref. index 1.571-1.574 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1510 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; volatile in steam Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Sweetly floral, hawthorn-like fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Japan approved for flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Atul Ltd http://www.atul.co.in; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; CoKEM Assoc. D&O http://dochem.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown Capital http://www.crown-capital.com; L C United http://www.lcunited.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Makhteshim Agan Group http://www.maindustries.com/ Midori Kagaku http://www.midorikagaku.co.jp/m060713/e_start_fr.htm; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Nippon Shokubai http://www.shokubai.co.jp/eng/; Ogawa & Co. http://www.ogawa.net Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com Rit-Chem http://www.ritchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Soda Aromatic http://www.soda.co.jp; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com m-Anisaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-. See Vanillin Anise alcohol; p-Anise alcohol. See p-Anisyl alcohol Anise camphor. See Anethole trans-Anise camphor. See trans-Anethole Aniseed. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum) Aniseed extract. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum) extract Aniseed oil. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil Anise extract. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum) extract Anise fruit. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum) Anise oil. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil Anise (Pimpinella anisum) CAS 977007-65-0 FEMA 2093 Synonyms: Aniseed; Anise fruit; Anise seed; Pimpinella anisum 870

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Pimpinella anisum Properties: Sweet, soft, mild flavor Toxicology: Can cause contact dermatitis Storage: Protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Herbarium; Whole Herb http://www.wholeherbcompany.com/ Anise (Pimpinella anisum) extract CAS 84775-42-8; 84650-59-9; EINECS/ELINCS 283-872-7 FEMA 2093 Synonyms: Aniseed extract; Anise extract; Pimpinella anisum; Pimpinella anisum extract Definition: Extract of dried ripe fruit and seeds of Pimpinella anisum Properties: Dk. grn. liq.; anise sweet, liquorice odor; flash pt. (TCC) 168 F Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 750 mg/kg Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Essential7 http://www.essential7.com; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil CAS 8007-70-3 UN ID8027; FEMA 2094 Synonyms: Aniseed oil; Anise oil; Hydroessential anissette; Oleum anisi; Pimpinella anisum; Pimpinella anisum oil Definition: Volatile oil derived from the dried ripe fruit and seeds of Pimpinella anisum, contg. 80-90% anethole, methylchavicol, anisaldehyde Properties: Colorless or pale yel. liq.; crushed fruit odor, sweet aromatic taste; freely sol. in chloroform, ether; sol. in DMSO, 95% ethanol, acetone; sol. in 3 vols. alcohol; sol. < 1 mg/ml Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

in water; dens. 0.978-0.988 (25/25 C); m.p. 17 C; solid. pt. 15 C min.; b.p. 232 C; flash pt. 92.8 C; ref. index 1.553-1.560; tenacity 20 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2250 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin/respiratory tract irritation; may cause allergic skin reaction; weak sensitizer; may cause contact dermatitis due to anethole content; anethole is quite toxic in animals, but considered safe in humans @ 2.5 mg/kg dose; mutation data reported; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; exposure to air causes polymerization, some oxidation; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store @ ambient temps. in well-closed containers; keep under inert atmosphere; may be light-sensitive; protect from light; do not store in PVC bottles Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, confections, meat, soups, alcoholic beverages, liqueurs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, 182.20, 582.20, GRAS; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk 871

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Anise seed. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum) Anise seed oil star terpeneless. See Star anise (Illicium verum) oil Anise, star. See Star anise (Illicium verum) 4-Anisic acid. See p-Anisic acid p-Anisic acid CAS 100-09-4; EINECS/ELINCS 202-818-5 FEMA 3945 Synonyms: 4-Anisic acid; Benzoic acid, 4methoxy; Draconic acid; 4-Methoxybenzoic acid; p-Methoxybenzoic acid Classification: Organic acid Empirical: C8H8O3 Formula: CH3OC6H4COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. or powd.; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 152.15; dens. 1.385 (4 C); m.p. 183-186 C; b.p. 275-280 C Toxicology: LD50 (subcut., mouse) 400 mg/kg; poison by subcut. route; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Storage: Store @ ambient temps. and pressure Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Atul Ltd http://www.atul.co.in Charkit http://www.charkit.com; D&O http://dochem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Gujarat Organics Ltd http://www.gujaratorganics.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com p-Anisic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl-p-anisate o-Anisic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl omethoxybenzoate p-Anisic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl panisate Anisic alcohol. See p-Anisyl alcohol Anisic aldehyde. See p-Anisaldehyde o-Anisic aldehyde. See o-Methoxybenzaldehyde p-Anisic aldehyde. See p-Anisaldehyde Anisic ketone; Anisketone. See 1-(pMethoxyphenyl)-2-propanone p-Anisol alcohol. See p-Anisyl alcohol Anisole CAS 100-66-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-876-1 UN 2222 (DOT); FEMA 2097 Synonyms: Benzene, methoxy; Ether, methyl phenyl; Methoxybenzene; Methylphenyl ether; Phenol methyl ether; Phenyl methylether Classification: Ether Empirical: C7H8O Formula: CH3OC6H5 Properties: Colorless or straw liq.; anise-like odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 108.13; dens. 0.992; vapor pressure 10 mm (42.2 C); m.p. -37 C; b.p. 154 C; flash pt. 42 C; autoignition temp. 475 C; ref. index 1.515-1.518; surf. tens. 35 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 4.33 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3700 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse, 2 h) 3021 mg/m3; mod. toxic by ing. and inh.; skin irritant; target organs: 872

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference CNS, respiratory system; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 2.52 Precaution: Flamm. liq.; mod. flamm. exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced ChemTech http://www.advancedchemtech.com/; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Blackman Uhler http://www.buchemical.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Suny Chem. Int'l. http://www.sunychem.com Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Anisole, p-methoxy-. See p-Dimethoxybenzene Anisole, o-methyl-. See o-Methylanisole Anisole, p-propenyl-, (E); Anisole, p-propenyl-, trans-. See trans-Anethole Anisyl acetate. See p-Anisyl acetate p-Anisyl acetate CAS 104-21-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-185-8 FEMA 2098 Synonyms: Acetic acid 4-methoxybenzyl ester; Anisyl acetate; 4-Methoxybenzyl acetate; p-Methoxybenzyl acetate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C10H12O3 Formula: CH3OC6H4CH2COCH3 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; floral, fruitlike odor; sweet taste; sol. in org. solvs., alcohol, most oils; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 180.21; dens. 1.104; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

b.p. 270 C; flash pt. 210 F; ref. index 1.5111.516 (20 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Vanilla, plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Anisyl acetone. See 4-p-Methoxyphenyl-2butanone p-Anisyl alcohol CAS 105-13-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-273-6 FEMA 2099 Synonyms: Anise alcohol; p-Anise alcohol; Anisic alcohol; p-Anisol alcohol; Benzenemethanol, 4-methoxy-; 4Methoxybenzenemethanol; 4Methoxybenzyl alcohol; p-Methoxybenzyl alcohol Empirical: C8H10O2 Formula: CH3OC6H4CH2OH Properties: Wh. to pale yel. cryst. or colorless to sl. yel. liq.; floral odor; fruity (peach) taste; sol. in most fixed oils, alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in glycerin; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 138.17; dens. 1.113 (15/15 C); m.p. 25 C; b.p. 259 C; flash pt. 146 C; ref. index 1.543-1.545 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1200 mg/kg; mod. 873

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference toxic by ing.; skin irritant; allergen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Mildly floral, sweet lilac-like fragrance and flavoring Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Anisyl butyrate CAS 6963-56-0; 14617-95-9; EINECS/ELINCS 230-163-5 FEMA 2100 Synonyms: Anisyl-N-butyrate; p-Anisyl butyrate; p-Methoxybenzyl butyrate Empirical: C12H16O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; weak plum-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 208.26; b.p. ≈ 270 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; irritating to skin Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Anisyl-N-butyrate; p-Anisyl butyrate. See Anisyl butyrate Anisyl formate CAS 122-91-8; EINECS/ELINCS 204-582-9 FEMA 2101 Synonyms: p-Anisyl formate; Formic acid 4methoxybenzyl ester; 4Methoxybenzenemethanol methanoate; 4Methoxybenzyl formate; p-Methoxybenzyl formate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C9H10O3 Formula: CH3OC6H4CH2OCOH Properties: Colorless liq.; sweet floral faint balsamic odor; strawberry taste; sol. in most org. solvs.; sol. in 5.5 vols. 70% alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 166.18; dens. 1.035; b.p. 220 C; flash pt. 100 C ref. index 1.5220-1.5240 (20 C) Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, and respiratory system Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Anisyl formate. See Anisyl formate Anisylmethyl ketone; p-Anisyl methyl ketone. See 1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone Anisyl phenylacetate CAS 102-17-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-010-5 FEMA 3740 Synonyms: p-Anisyl phenylacetate; Anisyl αtoluate; p-Methoxybenzyl phenyl acetate; Phenylacetic acid, p-methoxybenzyl ester Empirical: C16H16O3 874

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Colorless, oily liq.; honey-like odor; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 256.30; b.p. 370 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Anisyl phenylacetate. See Anisyl phenylacetate Anisyl propionate CAS 7549-33-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-433-5 FEMA 2102 Synonyms: p-Anisyl propionate; 4Methoxybenzyl propanoate; pMethoxybenzyl propionate Empirical: C11H14O3 Properties: Herbaceous odor; fruity taste; m.w.194.23; dens. 1.070; b.p. 277 C; flash pt. >230 F; ref. index 1.5490 (20 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Fruity vanilla-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Anisyl propionate. See Anisyl propionate Anisyl α-toluate. See Anisyl phenylacetate Annatto. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) Annatto (Bixa orellana) CAS 1393-63-1; 977157-28-0; EINECS/ELINCS 215-735-4 FEMA 2104; INS160b; E160b Synonyms: Achiote; Annatto; Annatto seed; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Annotta; Annotta seed; Arnatta; Arnotta; Arnotta seed; Bixin; CI 75120; CI natural orange 4; Natural orange 4 Definition: Vegetable dye from seeds of Bixa orellana Properties: Orange solid; sol. in alcohol, ether, oils Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 700 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; human systemic effect by skin contact; mutagen Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural colorant, flavoring agent for foods, baked goods; extract as colorant for sausage casings, oleomargarine, cheese, beverages, cereal, ice cream, shortening, food-marking inks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.30, 73.1030, 73.2030; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (water-sol.); Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL; approved for use in ingested drugs in 1963 and for external drugs in 1977 Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Extractos Andinos CA http://www.extractosandinos.com/; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Kalsec http://www.kalsec.com Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; MLG Enterprises; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Sensient Pharm. Tech. http://www.sensient-tech.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. 875

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/ Trade Names Containing: FloAm® 200C; FloAm® 210 HC; FloAm® 500 CF; FloAm® 500 TF; Qual Flo® C Yellow Blend No. 3300 Powd. Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract CAS 1393-63-1; 8015-67-6 FEMA 2103; INS160b; E160b Synonyms: Achiote; Annatto extract; Annatto tree extract; Annotta extract; Arnotta extract; Bixa orellana; Bixin; CI 75120; Natural orange 4 Definition: Carotenoid color contg. bixin (oil/fat extract) or norbixin (alkaline aq. extract), derived from Bixa orellana Properties: Yel.-red sol'ns. or powd. Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 700 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; human systemic effects by skin contact; may cause asthma, rashes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural colorant, flavoring agent for foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, butter, cheese, margarine, cooking oil, salad dressing, cereals, sausage casings, spices Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.30, 73.1030, 73.2030; permanently listed as a color in 1977; exempt from certification, permanently listed for drug use; FEMA GRAS; Japan restricted use Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com Trade Names Containing: AFC AS 920; AFC OS 460; AFC OWS 550; AFC WOS 550; AFC WS 445 AFC WS 890; AFC WS 4600P See also Bixin; Norbixin Annatto extract. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Annatto seed. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) Annatto tree extract. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Annotta. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) Annotta extract. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Annotta seed. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) Annulene. See Benzene Anogeissus latifolia gum. See Gum ghatti Anoxomer CAS 60837-57-2 INS323 Classification: Polymeric antioxidant Definition: 1,4-Benzenediol, 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl) polymer with diethenylbenzene, 4-(1,1dimethylethyl) phenol, 4-methoxyphenol, 4,4´(1-methylethylidene) bis (phenol), 4methylphenol Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Preservative, antioxidant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.105 Anthemis nobilis; Anthemis nobilis extract. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract Anthemis nobilis flower. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) flower Anthemis nobilis oil. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil Anthenum sowa. See Dill (Anethum sowa) seed oil Anthium dioxide. See Chlorine dioxide Anthocyanins INS163(i); E163 Definition: A substance obtained by the physical processing of edible fruits or vegetables; a flavenoid plant pigment consisting of glucose plus anthocyanidins Properties: Water-sol. Uses: Colorant in foods Features: Violet, red, blue color Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.170 Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au Anthracite coal, sulfonated CAS 69013-20-3 Synonyms: Coal, sulfonated; Sulfonated anthracite coal Uses: Ion exchange resin for food treatment Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§173.25 Anthranilic acid cinnamyl ester. See Cinnamyl anthranilate Anthranilic acid, 1,5-dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexenyl ester; Anthranilic acid linalyl ester. See Linalyl anthranilate Anthranilic acid methyl ester. See Methyl 876

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference anthranilate Anthranilic acid 1-methyl-1-(4-methyl-3cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl ester. See Terpinyl anthranilate Anthranilic acid, phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl anthranilate Anthriscus cerefolium; Anthriscus cerefolium extract. See Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) extract Anticanitic vitamin; Antichromotrichia factor. See p-Aminobenzoic acid Antihemorrhagic vitamin. See Vitamin K1 Anti-infective vitamin. See Retinol Anti-pellagra vitamin. See Nicotinic acid Antixerophthalmic vitamin. See Retinol Apium graveolens; Apium graveolens extract. See Celery (Apium graveolens) extract Apium graveolens oil; Apium graveolens seed oil. See Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil APM. See Aspartame Apocarotenal. See β-Apo-8´-carotenal β-Apo-8´-carotenal CAS 1107-26-2; EINECS/ELINCS 214-171-6 INS160e; E160e Synonyms: Apocarotenal; β-Apo-8´-carotenal C30; CI 40820; Food orange 6 Classification: Carotenoid color Empirical: C30H40O Properties: Purplish-blk. cryst. fine powd.; sol. in chloroform; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in water; disp. in warm water; m.w. 416.65; m.p. 136140 C (dec.) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in sealed containers under inert gas and preferably refrigeration Uses: Colorant in foods, pigmentation of egg yolks, chicken skin, beverages, juices, fruit drinks, soups, jams, jellies, gelatins; as vegetable oil sol'n. in fat-based foods incl. process cheese, margarine, salad dressings, fats, oils Features: Provitamin activity (1,200,000 IU vitamin A/g) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.90 (limitation 15 mg/lb of solid or /pint of liq. food); Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium β-Apo-8´-carotenal C30. See β-Apo-8´-carotenal Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

β-Apo-8´-carotenic acid, ethyl ester CAS 1109-11-1 INS160f; E160f Synonyms: CI 40825; CI Food Orange 7; Ethyl ester of β-apo-8´-carotenic acid Classification: Carotenoid Empirical: C32H44O2 Properties: Red to violet-red crystal or crystalline powd. Storage: Store in light-resistant container under inert gas because of sensitivity to lt. and O2 Uses: Colorant in foods β-Apo-8´-carotenic acid, methyl ester CAS 1109-11-1 INS160f Synonyms: CI food orange 7; Ethyl β-apo-8'carotenoate Classification: Carotenoid Empirical: C32H44O2 Properties: Red to violet-red crystals or srystalline powd.; sol. in chloroform; very sl. sol. in ethanol; sl. sol. in veg. oils; insol. in water; m.w. 460.70 Storage: Store in lt.-resistant containers under inert gas; sensitive to O2 and lt. Uses: Colorant in foods APP. See Ammonium polyphosphate Apple acid. See N-Hydroxysuccinic acid Apple essence. See Isoamyl isovalerate Apple fiber Properties: Water-sol. (80%) Uses: Dietary fiber; sweetness enhancer, moisture absorbent, thickener, texturizer in baking and tomato prods. Manuf./Distrib.: Dempsey http://www.dempseycorporation.com Trade Names: Vitacel® AF 12; Vitacel® AF 400; Vitacel® AF 400/30; Vitacel® AFE 400; Vitacel® AFF 12 Apple oil. See Isoamyl isovalerate Apricot kernel oil. See Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil Apricot ketone. See Pentyl 2-furyl ketone Apricot nut oil. See Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil CAS 72869-69-3 FEMA 2105 Synonyms: Apricot kernel oil; Apricot nut oil; Persic oil; Prunus armeniaca; Prunus armeniaca oil 877

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: Oleochemical Definition: Fixed oil expressed from kernels of Prunus armeniaca Properties: Colorless or pale straw clear oily liq., nearly odorless, bland taste; sl. sol. in alcohol; misc. with chloroform, ether, petrol. spirit; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.910-0.923; acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 90-115; sapon. no. 185-195; ref. index 1.4635-1.4655 (40 C) Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, 182.40, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/ George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holme-clark.com Trade Names: Lipovol P Aqua. See Water Aqua ammonia; Aqua ammonium; Aqueous ammonia. See Ammonium hydroxide Aqueous hydrogen chloride. See Hydrochloric acid ARA. See Arachidonic acid Arabic gum. See Acacia Arabinogalactan CAS 9036-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-910-0 FEMA 3254; INS409 Synonyms: (+)-Arabinogalactan; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Arabinogalactoglycan; Larch gum; Larch turpentine; Polyarabinogalactan; Stractan; Venetian turpentine Classification: Natural oleoresin Definition: Polysaccharide extracted from Western larch wood, Larix occidentalis, having galactose and arabinose units in approx. ratio 6:1 Properties: Lt. yel. to amber very visc. liq.; balsam pine odor; sol. in water; m.p. > 200 C (dec.) Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic; keep under argon Uses: Dispersant, emulsifier, thickener, gellant, stabilizer, binder, bodying agent, flavoring agent in foods, candy, essential oils, nonnutritive sweeteners, flavor bases, nonstandardized dressings, pudding mixes; microcapsule for encapsulating flavoring substances Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.230, 172.610; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Kaden Biochems. http://www.kadenbio.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium (+)-Arabinogalactan; Arabinogalactoglycan. See Arabinogalactan Arabino-2-hexulose. See Fructose Arabinose. See L-Arabinose L-Arabinose CAS 5328-37-0 FEMA 3255 Synonyms: Arabinose; Pectin sugar Empirical: C5H10O5 Properties: Wh. crystals; sol. in water; m.w. 150.13; sp. gr. 1.58; m.p. 157-160 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid heat, flames, ignition sources, and incompatibles Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep in a tightly closed container, stored in a cool, dry, ventilated area Uses: Natural sweetener in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan 878

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference approved Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Porta Ltd http://www.porta.cz Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Araboascorbic acid; d-Araboascorbic acid. See Erythorbic acid Arachidonic acid CAS 506-32-1; EINECS/ELINCS 208-033-4 Synonyms: ARA; Archidonate; 5,8,11,14Eicosatetraenoic acid; Eicosa5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-tetraenoic acid Classification: Polyunsat. fatty acid Empirical: C20H32O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)4(CH=CHCH2)4CH2CH2COOH Properties: Colorless oily liq.; sol. in ethanol, DMSO; m.w. 304.52; m.p. -49.5 C; b.p. 163 C (1 mm) Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 33 mg/kg; poison by IV route; vasoconstrictor; platelet aggregator; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may be fatal if injected into bloodstream; experimental reproductive effects; mutation data Precaution: Subject to oxidation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; combustion: CO, CO2 Storage: Store @ -20 C in tightly closed container; protect from exposure to air Uses: Infant formula supplement Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Biomol http://www.biomol.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Vernon Walden Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trade Names: Arasco® Trade Names Containing: Formulaid® Arachis hypogaea; Arachis oil. See Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil Arborvitae; Arborvitae oil. See Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil Archangelica officinalis. See Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract Archidonate. See Arachidonic acid Argentum. See Silver Argeol. See Santalol Arginine (INCI). See L-Arginine L-Arginine CAS 74-79-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-811-1 FEMA 3819 Synonyms: 1-1-Amino-4-guanidovaleric acid; L-Amino-4-guanidovaleric acid; Arginine (INCI) Classification: Amino acid Empirical: C6H14N4O2 Formula: H2NCNHNHCH2CH2CH2CHNH2COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 174.20; m.p. 235 C (dec.); strongly alkaline Toxicology: Mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, limitation 6.6%; Japan approved; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomotousa.com; http://www.ajichem.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com Bachem http://bachem.com; Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods 879

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.functionalfoods.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; M.W. Int'l.; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Arginine glutamate CAS 4320-30-3; EINECS/ELINCS 224-350-0 Synonyms: L-Argininine L-glutamate; LGlutamic acid, compd. with L-arginine (1:1) Definition: Mixt. of salts of arginine and glutamic acid Empirical: C11H23N5O6 Formula: C6H14N4O2 • C5H9NO4 Properties: M.w. 321.3 Uses: Dietary supplement (amino acid), flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: ; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Arginine HCl; Arginine hydrochloride; LArginine hydrochloride; Arginine monohydrochloride. See L-Arginine monohydrochloride L-Arginine monohydrochloride CAS 1119-34-2; EINECS/ELINCS 239-674-8 FEMA 3819 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: L-1-Amino-4-guanidovaleric acid monohydrochloride; Arginine HCl; Arginine hydrochloride; L-Arginine hydrochloride; Arginine monohydrochloride; 1Hydrochloride arginine Empirical: C6H15ClN4O2 Formula: C6H14N4O2 • HCl Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless; sol. in water, sl. sol in hot alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 210.66; dec. 235 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12 g/kg, (IP, rat) 3793 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; experimental teratogen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and HCl Uses: Dietary supplement, nutrient in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Bachem http://bachem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; MonomerPolymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium 880

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Seltzer http://www.seltzeringredients.com/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com L-Argininine L-glutamate. See Arginine glutamate Argon CAS 7440-37-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-147-0 UN 1006 (DOT); UN 1951 (DOT); INS938; E938 Synonyms: Argon, compressed; Argon gas Classification: Noble gas Empirical: Ar Properties: Colorless gas; odorless; tasteless; sol. in org. liqs., olive oil; sl. sol. in water; a.w. 39.948; dens. 1.394 (liq. @ -185.9 C); f.p. 189.3 C; b.p. -185.9 C; nonflamm. Toxicology: Nontoxic by inh. at normal temps. and pressure; simple asphyxiant; can displace oxygen and cause oxygen deficiency (inc. breathing and pulse rate, muscular incoordination, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, collapse, convulsions, death); can cause inert gas narcosis and decompression sickness at increased barometric pressures; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None known Uses: Packing gas in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Liquide Am. http://www.us.airliquide.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; BOC Gases Am. http://www.fuelcellmarkets.com/home.fcm? subsite=453; Praxair http://www.praxair.com Voltaix http://www.voltaix.com Argon, compressed; Argon gas. See Argon Arheol. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil Aristolochia clematitis; Aristolochia clematitis extract; Aristolochia extract. See Serpentaria Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Aristolochia clematitis) extract Aristolochia serpentaria. See Serpentaria (Aristolochia serpentaria) Armoise oil. See Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil Arnatta. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) Arnica. See Arnica montana Arnica montana Synonyms: Arnica; Arnica flowers; Leopard's bane; Mountain tobacco; Wolf's bane Definition: Plant material from dried flowerheads, roots, or rhizomes of Arnica montana Properties: Herbaceous sweet odor, sl. bitter flavor Toxicology: Poison by inh. and ing.; mod. irritant; allergen; may cause contact dermatitis, GI symptoms, nervous disturbances, and collapse Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with oxidizing materials Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages, liqueurs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Arnica extract. See Arnica montana extract Arnica flowers. See Arnica montana Arnica montana. See Arnica montana extract Arnica montana extract CAS 8057-65-6; 68990-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 273-579-2 Synonyms: Arnica extract; Arnica montana Definition: Extract of dried flowerheads of Arnica montana Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Flavex Naturextrakte GmbH http://www.flavex.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Arnotta. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) Arnotta extract. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Arnotta seed. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) 881

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Aromatic castor oil. See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Arrowroot starch. See Starch Artemesia pallens oil. See Davana (Artemisia pallens) oil Artemisia. See Artemisia absinthium Artemisia absinthium; Artemisia absinthium oil. See Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil Artemisia absinthium FEMA 3114 Synonyms: Absinthium; Artemisia; Wormwood Definition: Derived from Artemisia absinthium Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 960 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; allergen; causes contact dermatitis; chronic use may cause tremors, vertigo, vomiting, hallucinations; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: NetQem http://www.netqem.us Artemisia dracunculus; Artemisia dracunculus extract. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) extract Artemisia dracunculus oil. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil Artemisia oil. See Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil Artemisia pallens; Artemisia pallens oil. See Davana (Artemisia pallens) oil Artemisia vulgaris oil. See Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) extract CAS 84012-14-6; EINECS/ELINCS 281-659-3 Synonyms: Artichoke extract; Cynara scolymus; Cynara scolymus extract Definition: Extract of the leaves of Cynara scolymus Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 1 g/kg Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Motherland Herb-Pharm http://www.motherlandusa.com/ Artichoke extract. See Artichoke (Cynara Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

scolymus) extract Artificial almond oil. See Benzaldehyde Artificial ant oil. See Furfural Artificial cinnamon oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil Artificial gum. See Dextrin Artificial musk ambrette. See Musk ambrette Artificial mustard oil. See Allyl isothiocyanate Artificial oil of ants. See Furfural Arwood copper. See Copper Asafetida. See Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum Asafetida extract. See Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum CAS 9000-04-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-522-1 FEMA 2107 Synonyms: Asafetida; Asafetida gum; Asafoetida; Asafoetida oil; Asant; Devil's dung; Ferula; Ferula asafoetida; Ferula asafoetida gum; Food of the gods; Stinking gum Definition: Gum resin exudate from rhizome and roots from Ferula asafoetida Properties: Strong garlic odor; sl. bitter acrid taste Toxicology: Mutagen; TSCA listed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, meats, condiments, soups, Worcestershire sauce Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Essential7 http://www.essential7.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Aromas http://www.phoenixaromas.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) oil CAS 72869-70-6; 9000-04-8 FEMA 2108 Synonyms: Asafetida oil; Ferula asafoetida; Ferula asafoetida gum oil; Ferula asafoetida oil 882

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Essential oil obtained from the gum of the asafetida, Ferula asafoetida Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, candy, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract CAS 90028-70-9; 9000-04-8; EINECS/ELINCS 297-382-6 FEMA 2106 Synonyms: Asafetida extract; Asafetida fluid extract; Ferula asafoetida; Ferula asafoetida extract; Ferula asafoetida gum extract; Ferula foetida; Ferula foetida extract Definition: Brown, gum resin obtained from the roots of Ferula foetida Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats, sauces, pickles (as purified resin, tincture, and oil) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Asafetida fluid extract. See Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract Asafetida gum. See Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum Asafetida oil. See Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) oil Asafoetida; Asafoetida oil; Asant. See Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum Asarum canadense; Asarum canadense oil. See Snakeroot (Asarum canadense) oil Ascorbic acid (INCI); 1-Ascorbic acid. See LAscorbic acid L-Ascorbic acid CAS 50-81-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-066-2 FEMA 2109; INS300; E300 Synonyms: Ascorbic acid (INCI); 1-Ascorbic acid; Cetivamin; Cevitamic acid; 3-Keto-Lgulofuranolactone; 1-3-Ketothreohexuronic acid lactone; L-Lyxoascorbic acid; 3-Oxo-1gulofuranolactone; Vitamin C; 1Xyloascorbic acid Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C6H8O6 Properties: Wh. or sl. yel. cryst. or powd.; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether, chloroform, benzene, petrol. ether, oils, fats; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

m.w. 176.14; m.p. 192 C; flash pt. 99 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 11,900 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 518 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IV routes; human blood systemic effects by IV route; extremely high repeated doses may cause nausea, diarrhea, GI disturbances, flatus; acute renal failure and tubular necrosis; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive, oxygen-sensitive; store @ R.T. Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, color fixing agent, flavoring agent, preservative, raising agent, oxidant, antioxidant in foods, animal feeds; abscission of citrus fruit in harvesting; reducing agent; flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, fruit sauces, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 101,14, 107.100, 137.105, 137.155, 137.160, 137.165, 137.170, 137.175, 137.180, 137.185, 137.200, 137.205, 145.110, 145.115, 145.116, 145.135, 145.136, 145.170, 145.171, 146.185, 146.187, 150.141, 150.161, 155.200, 155.201, 156.145, 161.175, 172.280, 182.3013, 182.3041, 182.8013, GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; USDA 9CFR §318.7; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMC Chems. AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; 883

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF http://www.basf.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Chemcolloids Ltd http://www.chemcolloids.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; CoKEM Assoc. Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; LKT Labs http://www.lktlabs.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whiting-chemicals.co.uk Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Seltzer http://www.seltzeringredients.com/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wako Chem. USA http://www.wakousa.com Trade Names: Ascorbic Acid USP, FCC; Ascorbo-120; Ascorbo-C Tablets Trade Names Containing: Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Arco B NB; Ascorbic Acid Tablets 120; Ascorbo-160-2 Powder; Asset Bagel Base; Bioblend # 7; Bonus Blend; CVC™ Type A Coated Ascorbic Acid; Carbrea® Tabs CDC-10A; CDC-10A (NB); CDC-79; CDC2001; CDC-2001 CDC-2500; Coated Ascorbic Acid, Type EC; Crust EZE; Dependox AXC; Descote® Ascorbic Acid 60%

884

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Doughmaker; Doughmaker 4; Doughmaker 5; Imperial FD; KC Yeast Food - No Bromate N'Hance CM; N'Hance (Phase I) Powd.; N'Hance SD; Oxynex® K; Oxynex® L Panalite® 90D K; Snow Fresh® Ascorbic acid calcium salt. See Calcium ascorbate L-Ascorbic acid, 6-hexadecanoate. See Ascorbyl palmitate L-Ascorbic acid, monooctadecanoate. See Ascorbyl stearate L-Ascorbic acid monosodium salt. See Sodium ascorbate Ascorbic acid palmitate; L-Ascorbic acid palmitate; L-Ascorbic acid 6-palmitate. See Ascorbyl palmitate L(+)-Ascorbic acid sodium salt. See Sodium ascorbate Ascorbyl palmitate CAS 137-66-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-305-4 INS304; E304 Synonyms: L-Ascorbic acid, 6-hexadecanoate; Ascorbic acid palmitate; L-Ascorbic acid palmitate; L-Ascorbic acid 6-palmitate; 6-OPalmitoylascorbic acid; Palmitoyl Lascorbic acid Definition: Ester of ascorbic acid and palmitic acid Empirical: C22H38O7 Properties: Wh. or yel.-wh. powd., citrus odor; sol. in alcohol, animal and veg. oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 414.54; m.p. 107-117 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 25 g/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Preserve in tight containers in cool, dry place Uses: Antioxidant for fats and oils, color preservative, Vitamin C source, stabilizer, emulsifier, sequestrant, synergist with αtocopherol for foods, beverages, bread, lemon drinks, margarine, rolls, shortening, processed meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110, 182.3149, 582.3149, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (0.02% max. in margarine); Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Bimal Pharma Chem; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; LKT Labs http://www.lktlabs.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names: Grindox™ Ascorbyl Palmitate Trade Names Containing: Antrancine® 342 Plus; Controx® VP; Lutein DC; LycoVit® 10% DC; Oxynex® 2004 Oxynex® AP; Oxynex® K; Oxynex® L; Oxynex® LM; Phosal® 53 MCT PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50 PhytroX® Tocomix L70 Ascorbyl stearate CAS 25395-66-8; EINECS/ELINCS 246-944-9 INS305 Synonyms: L-Ascorbic acid, monooctadecanoate; (Stearoyloxy)-Lascorbic acid Definition: Ester of ascorbic acid and stearic acid Empirical: C24H42O7 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Antioxidant, dietary supplement in foods; antioxidant in margarine Regulatory: USDA 9CFR §318.7; FDA 21CFR 885

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference §166.110; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Asparagic acid; L-Asparagic acid. See LAspartic acid Asparagine (INCI). See L-Asparagine L-Asparagine CAS 70-47-3 (anhyd.); 5794-13-8 (monohydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 200-735-9 Synonyms: 1-α-Aminosuccinamic acid; 2Aminosuccinamic acid; L-αAminosuccinamic acid; Asparagine (INCI); (+)-Aspartic acid 4-amide; Aspartic acid βmonoamide Classification: Amino acid Definition: Commonly occurs as the monohydrate Empirical: C4H8N2O3 Formula: H2NCOCH2CHNH2COOH Properties: Anhyd.: Wh. cryst. powd., sl. sweet taste; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 132.12; m.p. 234 C; Monohydrate: Orthorhombic cryst.; sol. in acids, alkalis; pract. insol. in alcohols, ether, benzene; m.w. 150.14 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, 7% max. by wt.; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wilshire http://users.aol.com/wilshrchem/chmlist2.ht m Asparaginic acid. See D-Aspartic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aspartame CAS 22839-47-0; EINECS/ELINCS 245-261-3 INS951 Synonyms: 3-Amino-N-(α-carboxyphenethyl) succinamic acid N-methyl ester; APM; Aspartylphenylalanine methyl ester; N-l-αAspartyl-l-phenylalanine l-methyl ester; Methyl aspartylphenylalanate; 1-Methyl N-Lα-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine Classification: Dipeptide Definition: Consists of L-aspartic acid and the methyl ester of L-phenylalanine; artificial sweetener Empirical: C14H18N2O5 Formula: HOOCCH2CH(NH2)CONHCH(CH2C6H5)COOC H3 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. or colorless need., odorless, sweet taste, prolonged sweet aftertaste; sl. sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 294.34; m.p. 246-248 C; 160 times sweeter than sucrose Toxicology: Human systemic effects by ingestion (allergic dermatitis); possible link to neural problems; headaches; experimental reproductive effects; should not be used by individuals with PKU; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx, CO, CO2 Storage: Preserve in well-closed containers; 5 yr. min. shelf life Uses: Artificial sweetener in sugar substitutes for table use, breakfast cereals, chewing gum, beverages, chewable multivitamin food supplements, frozen desserts, dry mixes for gelatins, puddings, dairy prods.; flavor enhancer in foods, beverages, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.804; Japan, Canada approved; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com Adept Sol'ns.; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem 886

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.alfachem1.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Bachem http://bachem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast Brenntag Specialties; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Cerestar http://www.cargill.com/; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com; Dempsey http://www.dempseycorporation.com Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l.; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; NutraSweet http://www.nutrasweet.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Rit-Chem http://www.ritchem.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Sanofiaventis http://www.sanofi-aventis.us; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sweeteners Plus http://www.sweetenersplus.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Tosoh http://www.tosoh.co.jp Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Vanco Trading http://vancotrading.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com; Worlée-Chemie http://www.worlee.de/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names: Equal®; NutraSweet® Aspartic acid (INCI). See L-Aspartic acid D-Aspartic acid CAS 1783-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 217-234-6 Synonyms: (-)-Aminosuccinic acid; Asparagic acid; Asparaginic acid Classification: Nonessential amino acid Empirical: C4H7NO4 Formula: COOHCH2CH(NH2)COOH Properties: Wh. cryst.; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 133.11; dens. 1.6613; m.p. 269-271 C (dec.) Uses: Ingred. in aspartame Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com DL-Aspartic acid CAS 617-45-8; EINECS/ELINCS 210-513-3 Synonyms: DL-Aminosuccinic acid Classification: Nonessential amino acid Empirical: C4H7NO4 Properties: Colorless or wh. cryst., odorless, acid taste; sl. sol in water; insol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 133.10; dens. 1.663 (12/12 C); m.p. 278-280 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) > 6 g/kg; very low toxicity by IP route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to 887

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Dietary supplement, nutrient in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium L-Aspartic acid CAS 56-84-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-291-6 FEMA 3656 Synonyms: (S)-Aminobutanedioic acid; (+)Aminosuccinic acid; L-Aminosuccinic acid; L-α-Aminosuccinic acid; Asparagic acid; LAsparagic acid; Aspartic acid (INCI); (S)Aspartic acid Classification: Amino acid Empirical: C4H7NO4 Formula: HOOCCH2CHNH2COOH Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst., acid taste; sol. in acids, alkalis; sl. sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 133.11; dens. 1.661 (12.5 C); m.p. 270 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 6 g/kg; low toxicity by IP route; possible brain damage; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, beverages, condiments, seasonings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, 7% max. by wt.; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Bachem http://bachem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Changzhou Changmao Biochem. Eng. http://www.ccbec.com; DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com; Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma http://www.ds-pharma.co.jp/english; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tanabe Seiyaku http://www.tanabe.co.jp/english; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com (S)-Aspartic acid. See L-Aspartic acid (+)-Aspartic acid 4-amide. See L-Asparagine Aspartic acid, magnesium salt; DL-Aspartic acid, magnesium salt (2:1); L-Aspartic acid, magnesium salt (2:1). See Magnesium aspartate Aspartic acid β-monoamide. See L-Asparagine L-Aspartic acid, monopotassium salt; Aspartic 888

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acid, potassium salt; L-Aspartic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium aspartate Aspartic acid sodium salt; L-Aspartic acid sodium salt; L-Aspartic acid sodium salt monohydrate. See Sodium aspartate Aspartylphenylalanine methyl ester; N-l-αAspartyl-l-phenylalanine l-methyl ester. See Aspartame L-α-Aspartyl-N-(2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-thietanyl)D-alaninamide, hydrated. See Alitame Aspergillus niger carbohydrase. See Carbohydrase Asperula odorata; Asperula odorata extract. See Woodruff (Asperula odorata) extract Aspic oil. See Spike lavender oil Astaxanthin CAS 472-61-7; EINECS/ELINCS 207-451-4 Synonyms: 3,3´-Dihydroxy-β,β-carotene-4,4´dione; 3,3´-Dihydroxy-4,4´-diketo-βcarotene; Ovoester Classification: Carotenoid pigment Definition: Carotenoid pigment found mostly in animal organsims, but also occurring in plants Empirical: C40H52O4 Properties: Solid needles or platelets; readily sol. in pyridine, from which it can be crystallized by addition of water; m.w. 596.85; m.p. 182-183 C Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry area below 0 C; keep tightly closed Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§73.35; not permitted in food (EU) Manuf./Distrib.: ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Caromix® Plus Astragalus gummifer; Astragalus gummifer gum. See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum Atactic poly(acrylic acid). See Polyacrylic acid Atactic polystyrene. See Polystyrene Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ATBC. See Acetyl tributyl citrate Attapulgite CAS 1337-76-4; 12174-11-7 Synonyms: Activated attapulgite; Colloidal activated attapulgite; Dioctrahedral smectite; Fuller's earth; Palygorscite; Palygorskite; Palygorskite, calcined Definition: A hydrated aluminum-magnesium silicate, chief ingredient in Fuller's earth Properties: Wh. or gray cryst. Toxicology: Nuisance dust when < 1% cryst. silica is present (PEL 5.00 mg/m3, TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 total dust, 5 mg/m3 respirable); tumorigen; questionable carcinogen with experimental neoplastigenic and tumorigenic data by implant route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §582.99, GRAS; USP/NF, BP compliance (activated) Manuf./Distrib.: Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com Attar of rose. See Rose oil Aubepine. See p-Anisaldehyde Australian gum. See Acacia Autarite. See Calcium iodate Autolyzed yeast Definition: Conc., nonextracted, partially sol. digest produced from food-grade yeast cells which are allowed to die and break up; the remains contain sm. amts. of protein, fats, vitamins, minerals, and MSG Uses: Flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in high temp. processed foods; protein source, binder in foods Features: Releases free glutamate Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Trade Names: Lake States Autolyzed Type B; Lake States Autolyzed Type P Autolyzed yeast extract. See Bakers yeast extract Avena sativa; Avena sativa bran. See Oat (Avena sativa) bran Avocado oil. See Avocado (Persea gratissima) oil Avocado (Persea gratissima) oil CAS 8024-32-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-428-0 889

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Alligator pear oil; Avocado oil; Oils, avocado Definition: Oil obtained by pressing dehydrated avocado pear Persea americana; consists principally of glycerides of fatty acids Properties: Ylsh.-green to brownish-green oil, faint char. odor; sol. in min. oil, isopropyl esters, ethanol; insol. in water; dens. 0.9080.925; iodine no. 84-95; sapon. no. 177-198; ref. index 1.460-1.470 Toxicology: Primary irritant; severe skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion produces CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Food ingred. Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Centerchem http://www.centerchem.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Cognis/Care Chems.; Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/ Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Natural Oils Int'l. http://www.naturaloils.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Provital; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com S. Black http://www.sblack.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Trade Names: Lipovol A Axerophthol. See Retinol Azabenzene. See Pyridine Azacyclohexane. See Piperidine Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1-Aza-2,4-cyclopentadiene. See Pyrrole Azacyclotridecane-2-one, homopolymer; Azacyclotridecane-2-one polyamide. See Nylon 12 1-Azaindene. See Indole 1-Azanaphthalene. See Quinoline 2-Azanaphthalene. See Isoquinoline 3-Azapentane-1,5-diamine. See Diethylenetriamine Azeite. See Olive (Olea europaea) oil Azine. See Pyridine Azobisformamide; 1,1´-Azobisformamide. See Azodicarbonamide Azodicarbonamide CAS 123-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-650-8 INS927a Synonyms: ABFA; ADA; ADC; Azobisformamide; 1,1´-Azobisformamide; Azodicarboxamide; Azoformamide; Diazenedicarboxamide; Formamide, 1,1´azobisEmpirical: C2H4N4O2 Formula: H2NCON=NCONH2 Properties: Pale yel. or orange-red crystals; sol. in hot water; insol. in cold water, alcohol, most org. solvs.; m.w. 116.08; dens. 1.65 kg/l; m.p. 225 C; starts decomposing @ 140 C producing 190 ml/g of N and CO Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 6400 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. solid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Flour treatment agent; bleaching agent in cereal flour; maturing agent for flour; dough conditioner in breads Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 137.105, 137.200, 172.806, 177.1210, 177.2600, 178.3010; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Century Multech http://www.centurymultech.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com 890

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Eiwa Chem. Ind. http://www.eiwachem.co.jp/en/index.html; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Japan Hydrazine http://www.jfine.co.jp/ Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Otsuka Chem. http://www.otsukac.co.jp/; Rit-Chem http://www.ritchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Celogen® AZ 120; Celogen® AZ 130; Celogen® AZ 150; Celogen® AZ 180; Celogen® AZ 199 Trade Names Containing: ADA Tablets; Asset; Carbrea® Tabs; CDC-2001; Crust EZE KC Yeast Food - No Bromate; N'Hance CM; N'Hance (Phase I) Powd.; N'Hance (Phase II) Tablets; N'Hance SD Azodicarboxamide; Azoformamide. See Azodicarbonamide Azole. See Pyrrole Azophloxin; Azophloxine. See Acid red 1 Azorubin S. See Amaranth Aztec marigold extract. See Tagetes (Tagetes erecta) extract Babassu oil. See Babassu (Orbignya oleifera) oil Babassu (Orbignya oleifera) oil CAS 91078-92-1; EINECS/ELINCS 293-376-2 Synonyms: Babassu oil; Oils, babassu Definition: Fixed oil obtained from the nuts of Orbigyna oleifera Properties: Iodine no. 13-18; sapon. no. 247-251 Uses: Food ingred. Features: Supply limited Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/ Bacillus subtilis Carlsberg. See Protease

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Bakers yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2 Synonyms: Autolyzed yeast extract Definition: Conc. of the solubles of mechanically ruptured cells of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in conc. or dried form Properties: Liq., paste, or powd.; sol. in water Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, emulsifier, nutrient supplement, stabilizer, thickener, yeast food, texturizer in foods, salad dressings, frozen desserts, sour cream prods., cheese spreads, snack dips Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.325, 172.896, 172.898, 184.1983, GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 318.147 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Sigma-Aldrich UK http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/uk Baker's yeast glycan CAS 977014-12-2 INS408 Definition: Comminuted, washed, pasteurized, and dried cell walls of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, gellant, texturizer in foods, salad dressings, frozen desserts, sour cream, cheese spreads and dips Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.898 Baking soda. See Sodium bicarbonate Balm. See Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) Balm leaves extract. See Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) extract Balm mint. See Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) Balm mint extract; Balm mint leaf extract. See Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) extract Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) CAS 977051-08-3; 8014-71-9 FEMA 2111 Synonyms: Balm; Balm mint; Lemon balm; Melissa; Melissa officinalis Definition: Leaves of balm mint, Melissa officinalis contg. chiefly citral Properties: Citral odor, tonic-like flavor Toxicology: May cause hypersensitivity reactions Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA 891

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Essential7 http://www.essential7.com Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) extract CAS 84082-61-1; 8014-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 282-007-0 FEMA 2112 Synonyms: Balm leaves extract; Balm mint extract; Balm mint leaf extract; Lemon balm distallate; Lemon balm extract; Melissa officinalis; Melissa officinalis extract Definition: Extract of leaves and tops of Melissa officinalis Properties: Colorless; sp. gr. 1.0; pH 5.5-6.5 @ 35 C Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) oil CAS 8014-71-9 FEMA 2113 Synonyms: Balm mint oil; Balm oil; Lemon balm; Melissa officinalis oil; Melissa oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained from leaves and tops of Melissa officinalis Properties: Yel. to ylsh.-grn. liq.; sol. in alcohol; pract. insol. in water; dens. 0.89-0.925 (15/15 C) Storage: Keep well closed, cool; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Essential7 http://www.essential7.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Phoenix Aromas http://www.phoenixaromas.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Balm mint oil; Balm oil. See Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) oil Balsam Canada. See Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea) Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea) CAS 8007-47-4; 977017-81-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-362-2 FEMA 2115 Synonyms: Abies balsamea; Abies balsamea Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

balsam; Abies balsamea oleoresin; Balsam Canada; Balsam of fir; Balsam fir; Balsam fir oleoresin; Balsams, Abies balsamea; Balsams, Canada; Canada turpentine; Canadian balsam; Fir balsam absolute Definition: Liq. oleoresin obtained from Abies balsamea Properties: Ylsh.-grnsh. liq., pine-like odor, bitter taste; sol. in ether; misc. with benzene, chloroform; insol. in water; dens. 0.987-0.994; acid no. 80-95; ref. index 1.5190-1.5240 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods; chewing gum base (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Balsam capivi; Balsam copaiba. See Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) Synonyms: Balsam capivi; Balsam copaiba; Copaiba; Copaiba balsam; Copaiba oleoresin; Copaifera officinalis balsam; Jesuit's balsam Definition: Oleoresin obtained from Copaifera officinalis Properties: Pale yel. to brnsh.-yel. visc. transparent liq.; peculiar odor; bitter, acrid, nauseating taste; sol. in oxygenated, aromatic and chlorinated solvs., benzene, chloroform, ether, oils, carbon disulfide, abs. alcohol, petrol. ether; insol. in water; dens. 0.9300.995; acid no. 28-95 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with min. acids, 892

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference magnesia, water Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; chewing gum base (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) oil CAS 8001-61-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-288-0 Synonyms: Balsam copaiba oil; Copaiba balsam; Copaiba oil; Copaifera officinalis; Copaifera officinalis oil; Jesuit's balsam Definition: Oil from steam distillation of Copaifera balsam Properties: Colorless to yel. liq., char. aromatic odor, sl. bitter taste; very sol. in alcohol, ether, CS2; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; insol. in water; dens. 0.880-0.907; b.p. 250-275 C; acid no. 28-95; ref. index 1.493-1.500 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; large doses cause vomiting and diarrhea; may also cause dermatitis and kidney damage; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Light-sensitive; keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; chewing gum base (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Balsam copaiba oil. See Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) oil Balsam of fir; Balsam fir; Balsam fir oleoresin. See Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea) Balsamodendro kafal oil. See Opopanax (Opopanax chironium) oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Balsam Peru. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) CAS 8007-00-9; 8016-42-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-352-8 FEMA 2116 Synonyms: Balsam Peru; Balsams, Myroxylon pereirae; Black balsam; China oil; Indian balsam; Meroxylon pereirae; Myroxylon pereirae balsam; Myroxylon pereirae oleoresin; Peruvian balsam Definition: Oleoresin extracted from Myroxylon pereirae; mixt. of resins and chemicals incl. benzyl benzoate, benzyl cinnamate, cinnamic acid, benzoic acid, and vanillin Properties: Dk. brn. visc. liq., pleasant vanilla odor; sol. in fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; dens. 1.1501.170 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 10 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; mild allergen; can cause contact dermatitis and stuffy nose; common sensitizer; may cross-react with benzoin, rosin, benzoic acid, benzyl alcohol, cinnamic acid, essential oils, storax, etc.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when heated Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, syrups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Universal 893

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) oil CAS 977136-92-7 FEMA 2117 Synonyms: Balsam Peru oil; Myroxylon pereirae; Myroxylon pereirae oil; Peru balsam oil Definition: Obtained by extraction or distillation of Peruvian balsam, Myroxylon pereirae, contg. mainly benzyl benzoate, benzyl cinnamate Properties: Yel. to pale brn. sl. visc. liq.; sweet, balsamic odor/taste; sol. in most fixed oils; sol. with turbidity in min. oil; partly sol. in propylene glycol; pract. insol. in glycerin Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Balsam Peru oil. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) oil Balsams, Abies balsamea; Balsams, Canada. See Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea) Balsams, Myroxylon balsamum. See Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) Balsams, Myroxylon pereirae. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) Balsams, tolu; Balsam tolu. See Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) CAS 8011-89-0; 9000-64-0 ; EINECS/ELINCS 232-550-4 FEMA 3070 Synonyms: Balsams, Myroxylon balsamum; Balsams, tolu; Balsam tolu; Myroxylon balsamum balsam; Myroxylon toluiferum; Opobalsam; Resin tolu; Thomas balsam; Tolu balsam; Tolu balsam gum; Tolu balsam oil; Tolu balsam tincture; Toluifera balsamam resin; Tolu resin Definition: Oleoresin obtained from Myroxylon balsamum; main constituents are benzyl esters of cinnamic and benzoic acids Properties: Ylsh.-brn. solid, pleasant aromatic odor and taste; sol. in oxygenated, aromatic, and chlorinated solvs., alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether; pract. insol. in water, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

hexane; acid no. 112-168; sapon. no. 154-220 Toxicology: Primary irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic and irritating fumes and smoke Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, confectionery, baked goods, syrups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Foote & Jenks http://www.footeandjenks.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Banana oil. See Isoamyl acetate BAPP. See Bis (aminopropyl) piperazine Barbadensis leaf juice. See Aloe barbadensis leaf juice Barbados aloe extract. See Aloe extract; Aloe barbadensis extract Barley extract. See Barley (Hordeum distichon) extract Barley (Hordeum distichon) extract CAS 94349-67-4; EINECS/ELINCS 305-187-5 Synonyms: Barley extract; Hordeum distichon extract Definition: Extract of the cereal grass Hordeum distichum Uses: Natural flavoring agent, colorant, humectant in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp Barm. See Yeast Barosma betulina; Barosma betulina oil; Barosma crenulata; Barosma crenulata oil; Barosma serratifolia; Barosma serratifolia oil. See Buchu leaves oil Basic copper sulfate. See Cupric sulfate anhydrous Basic magnesium carbonate. See Magnesium carbonate hydroxide Basil. See Basil (Ocimum basilicum) Basil extract. See Basil (Ocimum basilicum) extract

894

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Basil (Ocimum basilicum) CAS 977050-14-8; 8015-73-4 FEMA 2118 Synonyms: Basil; Ocimum basilicum Definition: Ocimum basilicum Properties: Warm, intense, spicy aroma; mintlike flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Basil (Ocimum basilicum) extract CAS 84775-71-3; EINECS/ELINCS 283-900-8 Synonyms: Basil extract; Common basil extract; Ocimum basilicum; Ocimum basilicum extract; Sweet basil extract Definition: Extract of the leaves and flowers of Ocimum basilicum Properties: Lt. yel. mobile liq.; sol. in veg. oils; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.9050-0.9550; flash pt. 75 C; ref. index 1.4870-1.5150 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp.: COx, smoke, and acrid fumes Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place away from lt. and heat sources Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Features: Herbal odor with petitgrain-like and minty aspects Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Flavex Naturextrakte GmbH http://www.flavex.com Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil CAS 8015-73-4 FEMA 2119 Synonyms: Basil oil; Basil oil, European type; Basil oil, sweet; Ocimum basilicum; Ocimum basilicum oil; Sweet basil oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained from leaves of Ocimum basilicum, contg. methylchavicol, eucalyptol, linalool, estragol Properties: Pale yel. to greenish liq., floral spicy odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; misc. with ether, chloroform; insol. in glycerin, water; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dens. 0.905-0.930 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 2; b.p. 410 F; flash pt. 167 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1400 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ing.; skin, eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; BDH Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hindustan Mint & Agro Products http://www.hindustanmint.com/ Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Basil oil; Basil oil, European type; Basil oil, 895

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference sweet. See Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil Basil oleoresin. See Oleoresin basil Bay. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Bay laurel extract. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) extract Bay leaf oil. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil; Bay (Pimenta acris) oil Bay leaves, sweet, extract. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) extract Bay leaves, sweet, oil. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil Bay leaves, West Indian, oil. See Bay (Pimenta acris) oil Bay oil. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil; Bay (Pimenta acris) oil Bay oil sweet. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil Bay (Pimenta acris) oil CAS 8006-78-8 FEMA 2122 Synonyms: Bay leaf oil; Bay leaves, West Indian, oil; Bay oil; Myrica oil; Pimenta acris; Pimenta acris oil; Pimenta racemosa oil; West Indian bay leaf oil Definition: Volatile oil distilled from leaves of Pimenta acris, contg. 40-55% eugenol, myrcene, chavicol, etc. Properties: Yel. to brnsh.-yel. liq., pleasant odor, sharp spicy taste; very sol. in alcohol, CS2, glac. acetic acid; insol. in water; dens. 0.9620.990 (25/25 C); ref. index 1.500-1.520 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1800 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; may cause human skin irritation and intolerance reaction; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats, stews, soups; mfg. of bay rum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; 27CFR §21.65, 21.75, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Asiamerica Int'l.; BDH; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Eramex Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.a sp; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; U.S. Synthetics; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com See also Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil Bay, sweet. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Beechwood creosote CAS 8021-39-4 Synonyms: Wood creosote Definition: Mixt. of phenols (chiefly guaiacol, creosol, p-cresol) Properties: Colorless or ylsh. oily liq., smoky odor; sol. in glycerol; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether; insol. in water; b.p. 200-220 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Beef tallow. See Tallow Beeswax CAS 8006-40-4 (white); 8012-89-3 (yellow); EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 FEMA 2126 (wh.); INS901; E901 Synonyms: Cera alba; White beeswax; White wax; Yellow beeswax; Yellow wax Definition: Purified wax from the honeycomb of the bee, Apis mellifera; commonly called white wax when bleached, yellow wax when not bleached Properties: Brown or wh. (bleached) solid with faint odor; sl. balsamic taste; pract. insol. in water; sl. sol. in cold alcohol; sol. in hot alcohol, chloroform, benzene, ether, CS2, and oils; dens. 0.95; m.p. 62-65 C; acid no. 17-24; sapon. no. 84 Toxicology: Essentially nontoxic; mild allergen; 896

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference may cause contact dermatitis, human intolerance reaction; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when heated Storage: Store away from heat Uses: Food additive; flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, glazing agent, surface-finishing agent, release agent in foods; candy glaze/polish; chewing gum base; natural flavoring agent in beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, honey Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973, GRAS; FEMA GRAS (white); Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals, topicals Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Baerlocher France; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; British Wax Refining http://www.british-wax.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kimpton Bros. Ltd http://www.kimpton.co.uk Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; MantroseHaeuser http://www.mbzgroup.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Purcell Jojoba Int'l. http://www.purcelljojoba.com RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com Strohmeyer & Arpe http://www.strohmeyer.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; U.S. Synthetics; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Beeswax SP 6; Beeswax SP 11; Beeswax SP 44; Beeswax SP 45; Beeswax SP 139W Beeswax SP 139Y; Beeswax SP 154 ISO Beeswax®; Beeswax SP 420; Beeswax SP 422; Beeswax SP 424 Beeswax SP 426; Ross Beeswax Trade Names Containing: Mastercote FP 9002 See also Beeswax, white; Beeswax, yellow Beeswax, bleached. See Beeswax, white Beeswax, synthetic CAS 71243-51-1; 97026-94-0; 151661-95-9; EINECS/ELINCS 275-286-5 Synonyms: Modified beeswax; Synthetic beeswax (INCI) Definition: Synthetic wax with composition and properties generally indistinguishable from natural beeswax Uses: Wax for confections Features: Lipophilic; used where pure beeswax not required Regulatory: Canada DSL Beeswax, white CAS 8006-40-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 FEMA 2126; INS901; E901 Synonyms: Beeswax; Beeswax, bleached; Bleached beeswax; Bleached wax; White beeswax; White wax Definition: Bleached and purified yellow wax obtained from the honeycomb of the bee, Apis mellifera Properties: Ylsh.-wh. solid, char. odor, tasteless; sol. in chloroform, ether, fixed oils; insol. in water; dens. 0.95; m.p. 62-65 C 897

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent, glazing agent, release agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1973, GRAS; FDA approved for orals, topicals, vaginals; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Baerlocher France; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com Strohmeyer & Arpe http://www.strohmeyer.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Cerabeil White DAB; Koster Keunen Beeswax #100P Trade Names Containing: Koster Keunen Beeswax Beeswax, yellow CAS 8012-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-383-7 FEMA 2126; INS901; E901 Synonyms: Beeswax; Yellow beeswax; Yellow wax Definition: Purified wax from the honeycomb of the bee Apis mellifera Properties: Ylsh. to grayish brn. solid, honey-like odor, faint char. taste; sol. in chloroform, ether, fixed oils; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.95; m.p. 62-65 C Toxicology: Mild allergen Precaution: Combustible when heated Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, surf. finishing agent, glazing agent, release agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.4, 184.1973, GRAS; FDA approved for orals, topicals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Baerlocher France; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com CoKEM Assoc.; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com Strohmeyer & Arpe http://www.strohmeyer.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Koster Keunen Beeswax Beet powder CAS 89957-89-1; EINECS/ELINCS 289-610-8 INS162; E162 Synonyms: Beetroot red (INCI); Beets, dehydrated; Dehydrated beets Definition: Color additive from edible beets, contg. red pigments, betacyanins (principally betanine, CAS 7659-95-2) and yel. pigments, betaxanthins, collectively known as betalains Properties: Dk. red powd.; readily dissolves in water Precaution: Degrades readily at temps. as low as 50 C, esp. on air/light exposure Uses: Colorant in foods, hard candies, yogurt, ice cream, salad dressing, frostings, cake mixes, meat substitutes, soft drinks, gelatin desserts Features: Rec. for foods with short shelf lives that do not require heat treatment Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.40; Europe listed; UK approved; Japan restricted Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Cham Foods (Israel) Ltd http://www.cham.co.il; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com

898

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com Beetroot red (INCI); Beets, dehydrated. See Beet powder Beet sugar. See Sucrose BEHP. See s-Dioctyl phthalate Bengal gelatin; Bengal isinglass. See Agar Benne oil. See Sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil Bentanol. See Benzyl alcohol Bentone. See Kaolin Bentonite CAS 1302-78-9; EINECS/ELINCS 215-108-5 INS558 Synonyms: Bentonite clay; Bentonite magma; CI 77004; Mineral soap; Soap clay; Southern bentonite; Wilkinite Definition: Native hydrated colloidal aluminum silicate clay Formula: Al2O3 • 4SiO2 • nH2O Properties: Light to cream-colored impalpable powd., odorless, sl. earthy taste; forms colloidal suspension in water, thixotropic properties; insol. in water and org. solvs.; pH 9.5-10.5 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rat) 35 mg/kg; poison by IV route causing blood clotting; inert and generally nontoxic; questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store away from moisture Uses: Direct food additive; anticaking agent, filtration aid, suspending agent, emulsifier in foods; colorant, pigment, processing aid, clarifier, stabilizer for wine Features: Hydrophilic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1460, 178.3297, 184.1155, GRAS; Japan restricted (0.5% max. residual); Europe listed; UK approved; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL; FDA approved for orals, topicals Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.allchem.com Am. Colloid http://www.colloid.com; Asbury Carbons http://www.asbury.com; BDH; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Charles B. Chrystal http://www.cbchrystal.com Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Cimbar Perf. Mins. http://www.cimbar.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; IMERYS http://www.imerys.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kaopolite Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; L.V. Lomas http://www.lvlomas.com; Landers-Segal Color http://www.pigments.com/; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Southern Clay Prods. http://www.scprod.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; SüdChemie AG http://www.sud-chemie.com Tamms Ind. http://www.tamms.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; U.S. Silica http://www.u-s-silica.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Volclay Ltd http://www.volclay.com.au Wilfrid Smith http://www.wilfridsmith.co.uk/home.htm; Wyo-Ben http://www.wyoben.com; ZenPharm Int'l.

899

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.zenpharm.com/; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Vitiben® Trade Names Containing: Colloidal Kaolin BC 825 Bentonite clay; Bentonite magma. See Bentonite Benylate. See Benzyl benzoate Benzalacetone. See Benzylidene acetone Benzal alcohol. See Benzyl alcohol Benzaldehyde CAS 100-52-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-860-4 UN 1989 (DOT); UN 1990; UN NA 1993; FEMA 2127 Synonyms: Almond artificial essential oil; Artificial almond oil; Benzenecarbaldehyde; Benzene carbonal; Benzene carboxaldehyde; Benzene methylal; Benzic aldehyde; Benzoic aldehyde; Phenylmethanal; Synthetic oil of bitter almond Classification: Aromatic aldehyde Empirical: C7H6O Formula: C6H5CHO Properties: Colorless to yel. oily liq., bitter almond odor, burning taste; very sol. in alcohol, ether, benzene, acetone, petrol. ether, conc. sulfuric acid, liq. CO2, liq. ammonia; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 106.13; sp.gr. 1.041; vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (26.2 C); m.p. -26 C; b.p 179 C; flash pt. (CC) 62 C; ref. index 1.544 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1300 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 9 mg/kg, (subcut., rabbit) 5000 mg/kg; highly toxic; poison by ing. and IP routes; allergen; feeble local anesthetic; skin and eye irritant; vapors can irritate nose, throat, lungs; CNS depressant (nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, abdominal pain); 1 g/kg may be fatal in humans; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Combustible liq.; a strong reducing agent; acts violently with oxidizers; incompat. with strong bases, strong reducing agents, alkaline cyanide sol'n., heavy metal salts NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive; store in cool, dry, wellventilated area, protected from light; store under nitrogen or other inert atm.; keep tightly closed when not in use Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant, and fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; USP/NF, BP compliance; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties Britannia Natural Prods. http://amcaningredients.com/pages/fca.htm; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; DSM NV http://www.dsm.com/nl_NL/html/home/dsm _home.cgi; Elan http://www.elanchemical.com; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Foote & Jenks http://www.footeandjenks.com/; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mitsubishi

900

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Naturex http://www.naturex.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com Quimdis; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; RitChem http://www.ritchem.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal CAS 1125-88-8; EINECS/ELINCS 214-413-0 FEMA 2128 Synonyms: Dimethoxymethylbenzene; Dimethoxyphenylmethane; α,αDimethoxytoluene Empirical: C9H12O2 Formula: C6H5CH(OCH3)2 Properties: Liq.; floral odor; m.w. 152.19; dens. 1.014 (20/4 C); b.p. 198 C; flash pt. 55 C; ref. index 1.4950 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1220 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal CAS 1319-88-6; 1708-39-0; EINECS/ELINCS 215-294-8 FEMA 2129 Synonyms: Benzaldehyde glyceryl 1,3-cyclic acetal; Benzal glyceryl acetal; Benzylidene glycerol; 1,3-O-Benzylidene glycerol; Butyl phenyl acetate; 5-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,3dioxane; 2-Phenyl-m-dioxan-5-ol Empirical: C10H12O3 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; mild almond odor; m.w. 180.22; dens. 1.183-1.193; flash pt. 165 F; ref. index 1.535-1.541 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3150 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1296 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion and IP routes; mildly toxic by skin contact Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Benzaldehyde glyceryl 1,3-cyclic acetal. See Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal Benzaldehyde, 4-, hydroxy-3-methoxy-. See Vanillin Benzaldehyde, 2-methoxy-. See oMethoxybenzaldehyde Benzaldehyde propylene acetal. See Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal CAS 2568-25-4; EINECS/ELINCS 219-906-4 FEMA 2130 Synonyms: Benzaldehyde propylene acetal; 4Methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-Methyl-2phenyl-m-dioxolane Empirical: C10H12O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 164.21; sp. gr. 1.06-1.066;b.p. 83-85 C @ 4.00 mm; flash pt. 98 C; ref. index 1.500-1.506 Toxicology: TSCA listed 901

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Hofmen Int'l. http://www.hofmeninternational.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Benzaldehyde, 3-thoxy-4-hydroxy-. See Ethyl vanillin Benzal glyceryl acetal. See Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal Benzalkonium chloride CAS 8001-54-5; 61789-71-7; 63449-41-2; 6839101-5; 68424-85-1; 68989-00-4; 85409-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-479-9; 263-080-8; 264151-6; 269-919-4; 270-325-2; 273-544-1; 287089-1 UN 1760 (DOT) Synonyms: Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride; Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; Alkyldimethyl (phenylmethyl) quaternary ammonium chlorides; Alkyl ((ethylphenyl) methyl) dimethyl quaternary ammonium chlorides; Ammonium, alkyldimethyl (phenylmethyl)-, chloride; Octyl-octadecyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chlorides; Quaternary ammonium compds., benzyl-C8-18alkyldimethyl, chlorides Classification: Quaternary ammonium salt Definition: Mixt. of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides Formula: C6H5CH2N(CH3)2RCl, R = C8H17 to C18H37 Properties: Wh. or ylsh.-wh. amorphous powd. or gelatinous pieces; aromatic odor; bitter taste; very sol. in water, alcohol, acetone; sl. sol. in benzene; insol. in ether; m.p. 34-37 C; Cationic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 240 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 14,500 µg/kg; highly toxic; poison by parenteral, ing., IP, IV routes; human poison by ing.; large systemic doses can cause nausea, vomiting, muscle paralysis, CNS depression, local tissue damage; human Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

skin and severe eye irritant; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; incompat. with anionic detergents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl–, NH3, and NOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Uses: Biocide, algicide, bactericide, fungicide, foaming agent, surfactant for food processing Use Level: 0.1-0.3% Regulatory: USA not restricted; FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.300, 178.1010; FDA approved for ophthalmics, injectables, otics, topicals; Japan, Europe listed; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Chemron http://www.chemron.com; DeForest Enterprises http://www.deforest.net Dishman USA http://www.dishmanusa.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FeF Chems. A/S http://www.fefchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Gresco Mfg.; Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Interchem http://www.interchem.com JFC Technologies http://www.jfctechnologies.com; Lonza Ltd http://www.lonza.com; Mason http://www.maquat.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rhodia HPCII France http://www.hpcii.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium 902

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stepan Europe; Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: NKC-610 Benzalkonium Chloride 1-Benzazine. See Quinoline 2-Benzazine. See Isoquinoline 1-Benzazole. See Indole Benzenacetic acid. See Phenylacetic acid Benzene CAS 71-43-2; EINECS/ELINCS 200-753-7 UN 1114 (DOT) Synonyms: Annulene; Benzol; Benzole; Benzolene; Bicarburet of hydrogen; Carbon oil; Coal naphtha; Cyclohexatriene; Mineral naphtha; Motor benzol; Nitration benzene; Phene; Phenyl hydride; Pyrobenzol; Pyrobenzole Classification: Aromatic hydrocarbon Empirical: C6H6 Properties: Colorless to light-yel. mobile nonpolar liq., aromatic hydrocarbon odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, chloroform, CCl4, acetone, oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 78.11; sp.gr. 0.8790 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 100 mm Hg (26 C); f.p. 5.5 C; b.p. 80.1 C; flash pt. (CC) -11 C; ref. index 1.50110 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 3.8 ml/kg, (skin, mouse) 48 mg/kg; very toxic; narcotic; poison by inh. causing CNS depression, dizziness, headache, nausea, unconsciousness; absorbed through the skin causing systemic effects; severe eye irritant; mod. skin irritant; chronic exposure can cause bone marrow damage, leukemia; human carcinogen; mutagenic effects; experimental neoplastigen, tumorigen, teratogen; common air contaminant; TSCA listed Precaution: Extremely flamm.; fire risk; incompat. with oxidizers, peroxides, chlorine, nitric acid, ozone, interhalogens, metal perchlorates, etc.; explosion risk; potential violent reactions Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None known NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight, away from heat/ignition sources, away from corrosives Uses: Extraction solvent for modified hop extract for flavoring beer Use Level: 2 ppm (pharmaceuticals) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.560, 175.105; SARA reportable; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Equistar http://www.equistarchem.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nova Ltd http://www.novachem.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Petroquimica Uniao http://www.pqu.com.br/siteindex.htm; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sunoco http://www.sunocochem.com Benzeneacetaldehyde. See Phenylacetaldehyde Benzeneacetaldehyde, cyclic acetal with glycerol. See Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl cyclic acetals Benzeneacetaldehyde, 4-methyl-. See pTolylacetaldehyde Benzeneacetaldehyde, 4-(1-methylethyl). See pIsopropylphenylacetaldehyde Benzeneacetic acid. See Phenylacetic acid Benzeneacetic acid, butyl ester. See Butyl phenylacetate Benzeneacetic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6octadienylester, (E)-. See Geranyl 903

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference phenylacetate Benzeneacetic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenyl ester. See Citronellyl phenylacetate Benzeneacetic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-7-octenyl ester, (S)-. See Rhodinyl phenylacetate Benzeneacetic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl phenylacetate Benzeneacetic acid, 3-hexenyl ester, (Z)-. See cis-3-Hexenyl phenylacetate Benzeneacetic acid, 3-methylbutyl ester. See Isoamyl phenylacetate Benzeneacetic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl phenylacetate Benzene acetic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester. See Isopropyl phenylacetate Benzene acetic acid 4-methyl phenyl ester. See p-Tolyl phenylacetate Benzeneacetic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl phenylacetate Benzeneacetic acid, octyl ester. See Octyl phenylacetate Benzeneacetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester. See Phenethyl phenylacetate Benzeneacetic acid 2-propenyl ester. See Allyl phenylacetate 1-Benzeneazo-2-naphthylamine; 1-Benzene-azoβ-naphthylamine. See 1-(Phenylazo)-2naphthylamine Benzene, 1-(benzyloxy)-2-methoxy-4-propenyl-. See Isoeugenyl benzyl ether Benzenebutanoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl 4-phenylbutyrate Benzene, (butoxymethyl)-. See Benzyl butyl ether Benzenecarbaldehyde. See Benzaldehyde Benzenecarbinol. See Benzyl alcohol Benzene carbonal; Benzene carboxaldehyde. See Benzaldehyde Benzenecarboxylic acid. See Benzoic acid 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester. See s-Dioctyl phthalate 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 2-butoxy-2oxoethyl, butyl ester. See n-Butyl phthalyl-nbutyl glycolate 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester. See Diethyl phthalate Benzene, 1,3-dimethoxy-. See mDimethoxybenzene Benzene, 1,4-dimethoxy-. See pDimethoxybenzene Benzene, m-dimethoxy-. See mDimethoxybenzene Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Benzene, 1,2-dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-. See Methyl eugenol Benzene, 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-methoxy-4methyl-3,5-dinitro-. See Musk ambrette 1,3-Benzenediol; m-Benzenediol. See Resorcinol Benzeneethanol. See Phenethyl alcohol Benzeneethanol, β-methyl-. See 2-Phenyl propanol-1 Benzene, ethenyl-, homopolymer. See Polystyrene Benzene, ethenyl-, polymer with 1,3-butadiene. See Styrene/butadiene polymer Benzene formic acid. See Benzoic acid Benzene, (2-isothiocyanatoethyl)-. See Phenethyl isothiocyanate Benzenemethanaminium, N-(2-((2,6dimethylphenyl) amino)-2-oxoethyl)-N,Ndiethyl-, benzoate. See Denatonium benzoate Benzenemethanaminium, N,N-dimethyl-Ntetradecyl-, chloride. See Myristalkonium chloride Benzenemethanaminium, N-ethyl-N-[4-[[4-[ethyl [(3-sulfophenyl) methyl] amino] phenyl] (2sulfophenyl) methylene]-2,5-cyclohexadien-1ylidene]-3-sulfo-, hydroxide, inner salt, aluminum salt. See FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake Benzenemethanaminium, N-hexadecyl-N,Ndimethyl-, chloride. See Cetalkonium chloride Benzenemethanethiol. See Benzyl mercaptan Benzenemethanol. See Benzyl alcohol Benzenemethanol, 3,5-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl)-4hydroxy-. See 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-tbutylphenol Benzenemethanol, α-ethyl-. See 1-Phenyl-1propanol Benzenemethanol, 4-methoxy-. See p-Anisyl alcohol Benzenemethanol, α-methyl-. See αMethylbenzyl alcohol Benzenemethanol, α-methyl-, acetate. See αMethylbenzyl acetate Benzenemethanol, α,α,4-trimethyl-. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol Benzene, methoxy. See Anisole Benzene, 1-methoxy-2-methyl-. See oMethylanisole Benzene, 2-methoxy-1-(phenylmethoxy)-4-(1propenyl)-. See Isoeugenyl benzyl ether Benzene, 1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-. See Anethole 904

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Benzene, 1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-, (E)-. See trans-Anethole Benzene methylal. See Benzaldehyde Benzene, 1,2-(methylenedioxy)-4-propenyl. See Isosafrole Benzene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-. See pα-Dimethylstyrene Benzene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-. See pCymene Benzenepropanal. See Hydrocinnamaldehyde Benzenepropanal, α-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-. See Cyclamen aldehyde Benzenepropanoic acid. See Hydrocinnamic acid Benzenepropanoic acid, α-[[3-(3,4dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl] oxy]-3,4dihydroxy-; Benzenepropanoic acid, α-[[(3,4dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl] oxy]-3,4dihydroxy-. See Rosmarinic acid Benzenepropanoic acid, β-oxo-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl benzoylacetate Benzenepropanol; 3-Benzenepropanol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol Benzenepropanol, propanoate. See 3Phenylpropyl propionate Benzenepropionic acid. See Hydrocinnamic acid Benzene, (2-(1-propoxyethoxy) ethyl)-. See Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal Benzenesulfonic acid, alkyl deriv., sodium salts. See Sodium N-alkylbenzenesulfonate Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, sodium salt. See Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Benzenethiol. See Thiophenol Benzenol. See Phenol Benzic aldehyde. See Benzaldehyde Benzilidene acetone. See Benzylidene acetone 4-(2-Benzimidazolyl) thiazol. See Thiabendazole Benzin; Benzine. See Naphtha 1-Benzine. See Quinoline Benzine (light petroleum distillate). See VM&P naphtha 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one-1,1-dioxide; 3Benzisothiazolinone-1,1-dioxide. See Saccharin 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one 1,1-dioxide ammonium salt. See Ammonium saccharin 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one 1,1-dioxide, potassium salt. See Potassium saccharin 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, 1,1-dioxide, calcium salt; 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, 1,1-dioxide, calcium salt hydrate. See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Calcium saccharin 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, 1,1-dioxide, potassium salt. See Potassium saccharin 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide, sodium salt. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous Benzoate of soda; Benzoate sodium. See Sodium benzoate Benzodihydropyrone; 1,2-Benzodihydropyrone. See Dihydrocoumarin 1,3-Benzodioxole. See 1,2Methylenedioxybenzene 1,3-Benzodioxole-5-carboxaldehyde; 3,4Benzodioxole-5-carboxaldehyde. See Heliotropine 1,3-Benzodioxol-5-ol. See Sesamol 4-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl) butan-2-one. See Piperonyl acetone 1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl methyl isobutyrate. See Piperonyl isobutyrate 1-[5-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4pentadienyl] piperidine (E,E)-; 1,3Benzodioxol-5-yl-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl piperine; 5-Benzo [1,3] dioxol-5-yl-1-piperidin1-yl-penta-2,4-dien-1-one. See Piperine Benzododecinium chloride. See Lauralkonium chloride Benzoic acid CAS 65-85-0; EINECS/ELINCS 200-618-2 FEMA 2131; INS210; E210 Synonyms: Benzenecarboxylic acid; Benzene formic acid; Carboxybenzene; Dracylic acid; Phenylcarboxylic acid; Phenylformic acid Classification: Aromatic acid Empirical: C7H6O2 Formula: C6H5COOH Properties: Wh. scales, needles, crystals, benzoin odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene, carbon disulfide; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 122.13; dens. 1.2659; m.p. 121.25 C; b.p. 249.2 C; subl. at 100 C; flash pt. 121.1 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2530 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1460 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion, IP routes; poison by subcut. route; severe eye/skin irritant; may cause human intolerance reaction, asthma, hyperactivity in children; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to 905

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative, buffer in foods; synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, icings Use Level: 0.5% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §150.141, 150.161, 166.40, 166.110, 175.300, 177.1390, 184.1021, GRAS 0.1% max. in foods; USA EPA registered; Japan 0.2% max.; Europe listed 0.5% max.; FEMA GRAS; cleared by MID to retard flavor reversion in oleomargarine at 0.1%; Japan approved with limitations; Europe listed; UK approved; approved for orals, rectals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brown http://www.brownchem.com Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Trigon Chemie GmbH http://www.trigonde.com/; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com;

906

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Purox B food/pharma Trade Names Containing: Dow Corning® Q72587 Benzoic acid, 4-amino-. See p-Aminobenzoic acid Benzoic acid, 2-amino-, butyl ester. See Butyl anthranilate Benzoic acid, 2-amino-, cyclohexyl ester. See Cyclohexyl anthranilate Benzoic acid, 2-amino-, methyl ester. See Methyl anthranilate Benzoic acid, 2-amino-, 2-phenylethyl ester. See Phenethyl anthranilate Benzoic acid, 2-amino-, 2-propenyl ester. See Allyl anthranilate Benzoic acid, benzyl ester. See Benzyl benzoate Benzoic acid calcium salt. See Calcium benzoate Benzoic acid, cinnamyl ester. See Cinnamyl benzoate Benzoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl benzoate Benzoic acid geraniol ester; Benzoic acid geranyl ester. See Geranyl benzoate Benzoic acid, hexahydro-. See Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Benzoic acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl benzoate Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-; Benzoic acid, phydroxy-. See 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, butyl ester. See Butyl salicylate Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl) phenyl ester. See p-t-Butylphenyl salicylate Benzoic acid, p-hydroxy-, heptyl ester. See Heptyl paraben Benzoic acid, p-hydroxy-, isopropyl ester. See Isopropylparaben Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, phenylmethyl ester. See Benzylparaben Benzoic acid, isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl benzoate Benzoic acid, isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl benzoate Benzoic acid, 4-methoxy. See p-Anisic acid Benzoic acid, 2-methoxy-, methyl ester. See Methyl o-methoxybenzoate Benzoic acid, 4-methoxy-, methyl ester; Benzoic acid, p-methoxy-, methyl ester. See Methyl panisate Benzoic acid, 1-(3-methyl) butyl ester. See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Isoamyl benzoate Benzoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl benzoate Benzoic acid, 1-methylethyl ester. See Isopropyl benzoate Benzoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl benzoate Benzoic acid, pentyl ester. See Amyl benzoate Benzoic acid peroxide. See Benzoyl peroxide Benzoic acid phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl benzoate Benzoic acid phenylmethyl ester. See Benzyl benzoate Benzoic acid potassium salt. See Potassium benzoate Benzoic acid, n-propyl ester. See Propyl benzoate Benzoic acid sodium salt. See Sodium benzoate o-Benzoic acid sulfimide. See Saccharin Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl gallate Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, methyl ester. See Methyl gallate Benzoic aldehyde. See Benzaldehyde Benzoic ether. See Ethyl benzoate Benzoin CAS 119-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-331-3 FEMA 2132 Synonyms: Benzoylphenylcarbinol; Bitter almond oil camphor; Ethanone, 2-hydroxy1,2-diphenyl-; α-Hydroxybenzyl phenyl ketone; 2-Hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanone; 2Hydroxy-2-phenylacetophenone; αHydroxy-α-phenylacetophenone; Ketone, αhydroxybenzyl phenyl Classification: Aromatic org. compd. Empirical: C14H12O2 Formula: C6H5CH(OH)COC6H5 Properties: Wh. or ylsh. cryst., sl. camphor odor; sol. in acetone, pyridine, hot water; sl. sol. in water, ether; m.w. 212.22; m.p. 137 C; b.p. 344 C (163 mm) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 8870 mg/kg; sl. toxic by ing. and skin contact; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings; color diluent in fruits, vegetables 907

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Features: Medicinal, vanilla-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, no residue, 172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; FDA approved for orals; BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Chunking http://www.chunkingchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; GCA; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Suny Chem. Int'l. http://www.sunychem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wako Pure Chem. Ind. http://www.wakochem.co.jp/english/ See also Gum benzoin Benzoin extract. See Benzoin (Styrax benzoin) extract Benzoin gum; Benzoin resin. See Gum benzoin Benzoin (Styrax benzoin) extract CAS 84696-18-4; 84929-79-3; EINECS/ELINCS 284-557-7 Synonyms: Benzoin extract; Styrax benzoin extract; Styrax benzon; Styrax extract Definition: Extract of the balsamic resin of Styrax benzoin Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Benzoin (Styrax benzoin) gum (INCI). See Gum benzoin Benzol; Benzole; Benzolene. See Benzene Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Benzoline. See VM&P naphtha Benzoperoxide. See Benzoyl peroxide Benzophenone CAS 119-61-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-337-6 FEMA 2134 Synonyms: Benzoylbenzene; Diphenyl ketone; Diphenyl methanone; αOxodiphenylmethane; Phenyl ketone Classification: Organic compd.; aromatic ketone Empirical: C13H10O Formula: C6H5COC6H5 Properties: Wh. rhombic cryst., persistent roselike odor; sol. in fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; m.w. 182.23; sp.gr. 1.0976 (α, 50/50 C), 1.108 (β, 23/40 C); m.p. 49 C (α), 26 C (β), 47 C (γ); b.p. 305 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2895 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 727 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when heated; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Apricot, peach-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 177.2600; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: 3V http://www.3v.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chemetall Chem. Prods. http://www.chemetall.com Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://fun.clariant.com/fun/internet.nsf/04fa 7deb65dc84f9c1256a6200552c10/e56809ab4 8026d1ec1256bf300; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems.

908

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GCA; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Interchem http://www.interchem.com; Lamberti http://www.lamberti.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; MorreTec Ind. http://www.morretec.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Suny Chem. Int'l. http://www.sunychem.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names: Velsicure® BTF 2H-1-Benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-, acetate. See dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 3,4-dihydro-. See Dihydrocoumarin 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 6-methyl-. See 6Methylcoumarin Benzo[b]pyridine. See Quinoline Benzo(c)pyridine. See Isoquinoline Benzopyrrole; 1H-Benzo[b]pyrrole; 2,3Benzopyrrole. See Indole o-Benzosulfimide. See Saccharin Benzosulfonazole. See Benzothiazole Benzothiazole CAS 95-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 202-396-2 FEMA 3256 Synonyms: Benzosulfonazole; 1-Thia-3azaindene Empirical: C7H5NS Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Yel., orange, or brn. liq.; sol. 4300 mg/l in water; m.w. 135.18; dens. 1.246; vapor pressure 0.0143 mm Hg; m.p. 2 C; b.p. 231 C; flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.643 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 380 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 100 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 95 mg/kg; toxic; harmful by ing., inh., skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may cause irritability, food intake effects, vascular effects, pulmonary embolism, liver changes; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, baked goods, meats, soups, dairy prods. Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 1-Benzoxy-1-(2-methoxyethoxy)-ethane. See Benzyl methoxyethyl acetal Benzoylacetic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl benzoylacetate Benzoylacetyl. See 1-Phenyl-1,2-propanedione Benzoyl alcohol. See Benzyl alcohol Benzoylbenzene. See Benzophenone Benzoyl eugenol. See Eugenyl benzoate Benzoyl methide. See Acetophenone Benzoyl methyl ketone. See 1-Phenyl-1,2propanedione Benzoyl peroxide CAS 94-36-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-327-6 UN 2085 (DOT); UN 2086 (DOT); UN 2087 (DOT); UN 2088 (DOT); UN 2089 (DOT); UN 2090 (DOT); UN 3102; UN 3104; INS928 Synonyms: Acetoxyl; Benzoic acid peroxide; Benzoperoxide; Benzoyl superoxide; BP; 909

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference BPO; Dibenzoyl peroxide Classification: Aromatic organic peroxide Empirical: C14H10O4 Formula: [C6H5C(O)]2O2 Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. or gran. powd.; faint odor of benzaldehyde; tasteless; sol. in nearly all org. solvs. incl. benzene, chloroform, ether; sl. sol. in alcohols, veg. oils, water; m.w. 242.23; dens. 1.3340; m.p. 103105 C; b.p. dec.; flash pt. (CC) 80 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 7710 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 250 mg/kg; highly toxic by inh.; poison by ingestion, IP routes; eye, skin, mucous membrane irritant; may cause sensitization by skin contact; human mutation data reported; tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; ignites readily and burns rapidly; oxidizing agent; explosion hazard; can dec. explosively if confined when heated Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 4 Uses: Direct food additive; flour treatment agent, preservative in foods; bleaching agent, oxidizing agent in bleaching oils, flours, and in cheese prod. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.102, 133.106, 133.111, 133.141, 133.165, 133.181, 133.183, 133.195, 137.105, 172.814, 175.105, 176.170, 177.2420, 177.2600, 184.1157, GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan approved with limitations; FDA approved for ophthalmics; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Arkema/Organic Peroxides http://www.arkema.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Interchem http://www.interchem.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Kawaguchi Chem. http://www.kawaguchichemical.co.jp/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; MonomerPolymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Norac Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.norac.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sanken Chem. http://www.taokachem.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Benzoylphenylcarbinol. See Benzoin Benzoyl superoxide. See Benzoyl peroxide Benzylacetaldehyde. See Hydrocinnamaldehyde Benzyl acetate CAS 140-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 205-399-7 FEMA 2135 Synonyms: Acetic acid benzyl ester; Acetic acid phenylmethyl ester; Acetoxymethylbenzene; α-Acetoxytoluene; Benzyl ethanoate; Phenylmethyl acetate Classification: Carboxylic acid ester Definition: Ester of benzyl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C9H10O2 Formula: CH3COOCH2C6H5 Properties: Colorless liq., sweet floral fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, benzene, most fixed oils, propylene glycol; pract. insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 150.19; sp.gr. 1.06; m.p. -51.5 C; b.p. 213.5 C; flash pt. (CC) 90 C; ref. index 1.501 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 2490 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., mouse, 22 h) 1300 mg/m3; mod. toxic by ingestion and subcutaneous routes; poison by inhalation; may be sl. absorbed through skin; mild eye irritant; antipsychotic; inh. of vapors can probably cause nose/throat irritation; high concs. can cause CNS depression, drowsiness, poor coordination, unconsciousness; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents (increases fire/explosion risk), acids, bases, reducing agents (decomp. can occur) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, acetic acid; heated to decomp., emits irritating fumes 910

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Apple, apricot, cherry, plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; R.W. Greeff Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Benzylacetic acid. See Hydrocinnamic acid Benzyl acetoacetate CAS 5396-89-4; EINECS/ELINCS 226-416-4 FEMA 2136 Synonyms: Benzyl acetyl acetate; Benzyl βketobutyrate; Benzyl 3-oxobutanoate Empirical: C11H12O3 Formula: CH3COCH2COOCH2C6H5 Properties: Ylsh. oily liq.; weak odor; sol. in alkali solutions at room temp.; m.w. 192.22; dens. 1.112; b.p. 156-159 C (10 mm); flash pt. >230 F Toxicology: Irritating to skin, eyes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; WackerChemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Benzylacetone. See Benzylidene acetone Benzyl acetyl acetate. See Benzyl acetoacetate Benzyl alcohol CAS 100-51-6; EINECS/ELINCS 202-859-9 FEMA 2137 Synonyms: Bentanol; Benzal alcohol; Benzenecarbinol; Benzenemethanol; Benzoyl alcohol; (Hydroxymethyl) benzene; Hydroxytoluene; α-Hydroxytoluene; Phenolcarbinol; Phenylcarbinol; 911

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Phenylmethanol; Phenylmethyl alcohol; αToluenol Classification: Aromatic alcohol Empirical: C7H8O Formula: C6H5CH2OH Properties: Water-wh. liq., faint aromatic odor, sharp burning taste; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether, water @ 206 C (dec.); m.w. 108.15; sp.gr. 1.042; vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (58 C); m.p. -15.3 C; b.p. 205.7 C; flash pt. (CC) 93 C; ref. index 1.540 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1230 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 400 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2000 mg/kg; poison by ing., IP, IV routes; mod. toxic by inh., skin contact; mod. skin and severe eye irritant; may cross-react with balsam Peru in sensitive persons; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with oxidizers (increased fire and explosion risk), acids (exothermic polymerization), sulfuric acid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Dec. explosively at 180 C with sulfuric acid; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat and ignition sources; lightsensitive Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative, solubilizer in foods; synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Citrus berry cherry-like flavor Use Level: 10% (disinfectant, local anesthetic), 1% (additive to injectables), 1% max. (solvs., perfumes, and flavorings in finished prods.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 175.300, 177.1210; FEMA GRAS; USA EPA registered; Japan approved as flavoring; Europe listed; Canada DSL; FDA approved for use in injectables, parenterals, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; AMC Chems.; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Iberica SA http://www.givaudan.com Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lanxess http://www.lanxess.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Osaka Org. Chem. Ind.; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom 912

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Tessenderlo Chemie http://www.tessenderlo.com Tosoh http://www.tosoh.co.jp; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Benzyl alcohol cinnamic ester. See Benzyl cinnamate Benzyl alcohol, 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-. See 4Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol Benzyl alcohol, ether with isoeugenol. See Isoeugenyl benzyl ether Benzyl alcohol, α-ethyl-. See 1-Phenyl-1propanol Benzyl alcohol formate. See Benzyl formate Benzyl alcohol, α-methyl-, acetate. See αMethylbenzyl acetate Benzyl benzene carboxylate. See Benzyl benzoate Benzyl benzoate CAS 120-51-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-402-9 UN 2810; FEMA 2138 Synonyms: Benylate; Benzoic acid, benzyl ester; Benzoic acid phenylmethyl ester; Benzyl benzene carboxylate; Benzyl phenylformate; Phenylmethyl benzoate Classification: aromatic compd. Definition: Ester of benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid Empirical: C14H12O2 Formula: C6H5COOCH2C6H5 Properties: Colorless oily liq., sl. aromatic odor; sol. in oxygenated/chlorinated solvs.; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 212.26; sp.gr. 1.116-1.120; m.p. 21 C; b.p. 324 C; flash pt. (CC) 298 F; ref. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

index 1.568 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion, skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; reactive with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid and irritating fumes and smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum; solvent, vehicle in foods Features: Sweet, cherry, pineapple, strawberrylike flavor Use Level: 0.5% max. (finished cosmetics) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for injectables, orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL; Australia AICS; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Boehme Filatex http://www.boehmefilatex.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA 913

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.merck.de; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Ogawa & Co. http://www.ogawa.net Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/ Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Benzyl butanoate; Benzyl n-butanoate. See Benzyl butyrate Benzyl-t-butanol. See Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol Benzyl but-2(trans)-enoate. See Benzyl crotonate Benzylbutyl alcohol. See α-Propylphenethyl alcohol Benzyl butyl ether CAS 588-67-0; EINECS/ELINCS 209-626-0 FEMA 2139 Synonyms: Benzene, (butoxymethyl)-; Benzyl n-butyl ether; Butyl benzyl ether; n-Butyl benzyl ether; Ether, benzyl butyl Empirical: C11H16O Properties: Colorless liq., misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w.164.25; sp.gr. 0.931 (10 C); b.p. 220-221 C (744 mm) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Benzyl n-butyl ether. See Benzyl butyl ether

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Benzyl butyrate CAS 103-37-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-105-1 FEMA 2140 Synonyms: Benzyl butanoate; Benzyl nbutanoate; Benzyl n-butyrate; Butyric acid, benzyl ester Empirical: C11H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, water @ 239 C; m.w. 178.23; dens. 1.009; b.p. 240 C; flash pt. 225 F; ref. index 1.490-1.495 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2330 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Apricot, berry, peach, pear, plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Benzyl n-butyrate. See Benzyl butyrate Benzyl carbinol. See Phenethyl alcohol Benzylcarbinol isobutyrate. See Phenethyl 914

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference isobutyrate Benzylcarbinyl acetate. See 2-Phenylethyl acetate Benzyl carbinyl anthranilate. See Phenethyl anthranilate Benzyl carbinyl benzoate. See Phenethyl benzoate Benzylcarbinyl butyrate. See Phenethyl butyrate Benzyl carbinyl caproate. See Phenethyl hexanoate Benzyl carbinyl cinnamate. See Phenethyl cinnamate Benzylcarbinyl formate. See Phenethyl formate Benzyl carbinyl hexanoate. See Phenethyl hexanoate Benzyl carbinyl 2-hydroxybenzoate. See Phenethyl salicylate Benzylcarbinyl isobutyrate. See Phenethyl isobutyrate Benzyl carbinyl methanoate. See Phenethyl formate Benzylcarbinyl 2-methylbutyrate. See Phenethyl-2-methylbutyrate Benzylcarbinyl octanoate. See Phenethyl caprylate Benzyl carbinyl 3-phenyl propenoate. See Phenethyl cinnamate Benzylcarbinyl propionate. See Phenethyl propionate Benzyl carbinyl tiglate. See Phenethyl tiglate Benzylcarbinyl-α-toluate. See Phenethyl phenylacetate Benzyl cinnamate CAS 103-41-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-109-3 FEMA 2142 Synonyms: Benzyl alcohol cinnamic ester; Benzyl γ-phenylacrylate; Benzyl 3phenylpropenoate; Benzyl 3-phenyl-2propenoate; Cinnamein; trans-Cinnamic acid benzyl ester; Phenylmethyl 3-phenyl-2propenoate; 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid phenylmethyl ester Definition: Ester of benzyl alcohol and cinnamic acid, found in balsams of Peru, Tolu, Styrax, Copaiba and others Empirical: C16H14O2 Properties: Wh. cryst., aromatic balsam-like odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, water; m.w. 238.30; vapor pressure 1 mm (173.8 C); m.p. 39 C; b.p. 350 C; flash pt. 100 C Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (oral, guinea pig) 3760 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mild allergen and skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Chocolate, apricot, cherry, peach, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com; Chemetall Chem. Prods. http://www.chemetall.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Benzyl crotonate CAS 65416-24-2; EINECS/ELINCS 265-764-1 Synonyms: Benzyl but-2(trans)-enoate Classification: Ester Properties: Flash pt. (CC) > 100 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Benzyldiethyl [(2,6-xylylcarbomoyl) methyl] ammonium benzoate. See Denatonium benzoate Benzyl trans-2,3-dimethyl acrylate. See Benzyl 915

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference tiglate Benzyl 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenoate. See Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate Benzyl dimethyl carbinol. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinol Benzyl dimethyl carbinyl acetate. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate Benzyl dimethylcarbinyl butyrate. See α,αDimethylphenethyl butyrate Benzyl dimethylcarbinyl formate. See α,αDimethylphenethyl formate Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate CAS 7492-69-5 FEMA 2143 Synonyms: Benzyl 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenoate; Benzyl methyl tiglate; 2,3-Dimethyl-2butenoic acid phenyl methyl ester; 2,3Dmethyl-2-butenoic acid benzyl ester; Phenyl methyl 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenoate Empirical: C13H16O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; warm, herbal, fruity spicy odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 1.013 ± 0.06; b.p. 259 C; acid no. 1.0 max; flash pt. (TCC) 296 C; ref. index 1.5100-1.5170 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 2- Benzyl-4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane. See Phenylacetaldehyde 2,3-butylene glycol acetal Benzyldimethyldodecylammonium chloride. See Lauralkonium chloride Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride. See Cetalkonium chloride Benzyldimethylstearyl ammonium chloride. See Stearalkonium chloride 2-Benzyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-ylmethanol. See Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetal Benzyl dipropyl ketone CAS 7492-37-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-317-4 FEMA 2146 Synonyms: 1-Benzyl dipropyl ketone; 3Benzyl-4-heptanone; 4-Heptanone, 3benzyl-; 4-Heptanone, 3-(phenylmethyl)-; Morellone Classification: Aromatic ketone Empirical: C14H20O Properties: Colorless pale liq.; m.w. 204.34 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4400 mg/kg; low Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

toxicity by ing. Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com 1-Benzyl dipropyl ketone. See Benzyl dipropyl ketone Benzyl disulfide CAS 150-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-764-0 FEMA 3617 Synonyms: α-(Benzyldithio)toluene; Bis(phenylmethyl) disulfide; Dibenzyl disulfide; Di (phenylmethyl) disulfide; Disulfide dibenzyl Empirical: C14H14S2 Formula: C6H5CH2SSCH2C6H5 Properties: Pale-yel. leaflets or pink flakes; burnt caramel odor; sol. in hot alcohol, ether, benzene, hydrocarbon solvs.; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 246.40; m.p. 71-72 C; b.p. > 270 C (with decomp.) Toxicology: Irritating to respiratory system, skin, and eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Camida USA http://www.camida.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Benzyldithiomethane. See Methyl benzyl disulfide α-(Benzyldithio)toluene. See Benzyl disulfide Benzyl ethanoate. See Benzyl acetate Benzyl ether CAS 103-50-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-118-2 FEMA 2371 916

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Benzyl oxide; Dibenzyl ether; Dibenzyl oxide; 1,1´-[Oxybis (methylene)] bis [benzene] Empirical: C14H14O Formula: (C6H5CH2)2O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. unstable liq.; misc. with ethanol, ether, chloroform, acetone; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 198.28; dens. 1.043 (20/4 C); m.p. 5 C; b.p. 298 C (dec.); flash pt. (CC) 275 F; ref. index 1.557 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; vapors may be narcotic in high conc.; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizing materials; mod. explosion hazard by spontaneous chemical reaction NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Sweet chocolate-like, fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Camida USA http://www.camida.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Benzylethyl alcohol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol Benzyl ethyl ether CAS 539-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 208-714-6 FEMA 2144 Synonyms: Benzyl ethyl oxide; (Ethoxymethyl)benzene; Ethyl benzyl ether Empirical: C9H12O Formula: C6H5CH2OC2H5 Properties: Colorless oily liq.; pineapple odor; misc. with alcohol, ether; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 136.19; dens. 0.949; b.p. 186 C; ref. index 1.4955 (20 C); volatile with steam Toxicology: Narcotic in high concs.; may be skin irritant Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Benzyl ethyl oxide. See Benzyl ethyl ether Benzyl formate CAS 104-57-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-214-4 FEMA 2145 Synonyms: Benzyl alcohol formate; Benzyl methanoate; Formic acid benzyl ester; Formic acid phenylmethyl ester Empirical: C8H8O2 Formula: HCOOCH2C6H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; floral-fruity odor; misc. with alcohols, ketones, oils; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 136.15; dens. 1.081; b.p. 202-203 C; flash pt. 83 C; ref. index 1.5100-1.5120 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1400 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; may be narcotic in high concs.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid, irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-Benzyl-4-heptanone. See Benzyl dipropyl ketone Benzylhexadecyldimethylammonium chloride. See Cetalkonium chloride Benzyl hydrosulfide. See Benzyl mercaptan Benzyl 2-hydroxybenzoate. See Benzylsalicylate Benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate. See Benzylparaben Benzyl o-hydroxybenzoate. See Benzylsalicylate Benzyl p-hydroxybenzoate. See Benzylparaben 917

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 2-Benzyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxane; 2Benzyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane. See Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetal Benzylideneacetaldehyde. See Cinnamal Benzylidene acetone CAS 122-57-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-555-1 FEMA 2881 Synonyms: Benzalacetone; Benzilidene acetone; Benzylacetone; Cinnamyl methyl ketone; Methyl styryl ketone; 4Phenylbutenone; 4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one; trans-4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one; Styryl methyl ketone Classification: Aromatic compd. Empirical: C10H10O Formula: C6H5CH:CHCOCH3 Properties: Colorless cryst., odor of coumarin, sweet pungent floral flavor; sol. in alcohol, ether, benzene, H2SO4, chloroform; insol. in water; m.w. 146.19; dens. 1.0097; m.p. 39-42 C; b.p. 260-262 C; flash pt. 150 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2031 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1210 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 112 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP route; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Raschig; Rit-Chem http://www.ritchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Benzylidene acetone methyl; 3-Benzylidene-2butanone. See 3-Methyl-4-phenyl-3-buten-2one Benzylidene glycerol; 1,3-O-Benzylidene glycerol. See Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal 2-Benzylideneheptanal. See αAmylcinnamaldehyde 2-Benzylidene-heptanol; 2-Benzylidene-1heptanol. See α-Amylcinnamyl alcohol 2-Benzylidene-1-heptanol acetate. See αAmylcinnamyl acetate 2-Benzylidene-1-heptyl for. See αAmylcinnamyl formate 2-Benzylidene hexanal. See αButylcinnamaldehyde 2-Benzylidene-octanal. See αHexylcinnamaldehyde Benzyl isoamyl alcohol; Benzyl isobutyl carbinol. See α-Isobutylphenethyl alcohol Benzyl isobutyl ketone. See 4-Methyl-1-phenyl2-pentanone Benzyl isobutyrate CAS 103-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-095-9 FEMA 2141 Synonyms: Benzyl 2-methyl propanoate; Benzyl-2-methylpropionate; Isobutyric acid benzyl ester Empirical: C11H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity floral jasmine odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 178.25; dens. 1.001-1.005; b.p. 105-108 C (4 mm); flash pt. 100 C; ref. index 1.489-1.4920 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2850 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem 918

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Benzyl isoeugenol; Benzylisoeugenol ether. See Isoeugenyl benzyl ether Benzyl isovalerate CAS 103-38-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-106-7 FEMA 2152 Synonyms: Benzyl 3-methyl butanoate; Benzyl 3-methyl butyrate; Isopentanoic acid, phenylmethyl ester; Isopropyl acetic acid, benzyl ester; Isovaleric acid, benzyl ester; 3-Methylbutanoic acid, phenylethyl ester Classification: Aromatic compd. Empirical: C12H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; apple, pineapple odor; sol. in alcohol, most fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 192.26; dens. 0.988; b.p. 245 C; flash pt. >230 F; ref. index 1.486-1.490 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Apple, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Benzyl β-ketobutyrate. See Benzyl acetoacetate Benzyl ketone. See 1,3-Diphenyl-2-propanone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Benzyl mercaptan CAS 100-53-8; EINECS/ELINCS 202-862-5 UN 1228 (DOT); UN 3071 (DOT); FEMA 2147 Synonyms: Benzenemethanethiol; Benzyl hydrosulfide; Benzylthiol; (Mercaptomethyl) benzene; α-Mercaptotoluene; Methanethiol, phenyl-; Phenylmethanethiol; Phenylmethyl mercaptan; Thiobenzyl alcohol; αToluenethiol; α-Tolyl mercaptan Classification: Aromatic mercaptan; aromatic thiol Empirical: C7H8S Formula: C6H5CH2SH Properties: Colorless liq.; strong leek-like odor; very sol. in ethanol, ether; sol. in CS2; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 124.19; dens. 1.058 (20 C); b.p. 194-195 C; flash pt. (CC) 70 C; ref. index 1.576 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 493 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 373 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse, 4 h) 178 ppm; poison by ing., inh., IP routes; eye irritant; mild mucous membrane irritant; lachrymator; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; oxidizes in air to dibenzyl disulfide; vigorous reaction with oxidizers; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx, hydrogen sulfide; heated to decomp. or on contact with acid or acid fumes, emits highly toxic fumes of SOx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 919

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Benzyl methanoate. See Benzyl formate 2-Benzyl-4-methanol-1,3-dioxane. See Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetal Benzyl methoxyethyl acetal CAS 7492-39-9 FEMA 2148 Synonyms: Acetaldehyde benzyl βmethoxyethyl acetal; 1-Benzoxy-1-(2methoxyethoxy)-ethane; 1-Benzyloxy-1-(βmethoxy)ethoxy ethane Empirical: C12H18O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity odor; sol. in alcohols; insol. in water; m.w.210.27; sp. gr. 1.019-1.025; b.p. 161.00-162.00 C @ 10.00 mm Hg; acid no. 1 max.; ref. index 1.484 ± 0.02 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Benzyl 2-methoxy-4-propenyl phenyl ether. See Isoeugenyl benzyl ether Benzyl-2-methylbutanoate. See Benzyl-2methylbutyrate Benzyl 3-methyl butanoate. See Benzyl isovalerate Benzyl trans-2-methyl-2-butenoate. See Benzyl tiglate Benzyl-2-methylbutyrate CAS 56423-40-6 Synonyms: Benzyl-2-methylbutanoate; Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, phenylmethyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C12H16O2 Properties: M.w. 192.26; flash pt. (CC) > 130 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Benzyl 3-methyl butyrate. See Benzyl isovalerate Benzyl 2-methylcrotonate; Benzyl trans-2methyl crotonate. See Benzyl tiglate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Benzyl methyl disulfide. See Methyl benzyl disulfide Benzyl 2-methyl propanoate; Benzyl-2methylpropionate. See Benzyl isobutyrate Benzyl 2-methylpropyl ketone. See 4-Methyl-1phenyl-2-pentanone Benzyl methyl tiglate. See Benzyl 2,3dimethylcrotonate Benzyl 2-methyulbut-2(trans)-enoate. See Benzyl tiglate Benzyl oxide. See Benzyl ether Benzyl 3-oxobutanoate. See Benzyl acetoacetate 1-Benzyloxy-1-(β-methoxy)ethoxy ethane. See Benzyl methoxyethyl acetal 1-Benzyloxy-2-methoxy-4-propenyl benzene. See Isoeugenyl benzyl ether Benzylparaben CAS 94-18-8; EINECS/ELINCS 202-311-9 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, phenylmethyl ester; Benzyl 4hydroxybenzoate; Benzyl phydroxybenzoate; Phenylmethyl 4hydroxybenzoate Definition: Ester of benzyl alcohol and phydroxybenzoic acid Empirical: C14H12O3 Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 228.25; m.p. 111 C Toxicology: May cause eye and skin irritation; nontoxic; TSCA listed Environmental: Biodeg. prods. are nontoxic Precaution: Keep away from heat, sources of ignition, and oxidizing agents; do not breathe dust HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area in a tightly closed container @ ≤ 25 C Uses: Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods Regulatory: BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; ChemDesign http://www.bayerus.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R S A http://www.rsa-corporation.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com 920

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Benzyl phenylacetate CAS 102-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-008-4 FEMA 2149 Synonyms: Benzyl α-toluate Empirical: C15H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; floral odor; honey-like taste; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether; m.w. 226.28; dens. 1.097-1.099; b.p. 320 C; flash pt. >100 C; ref. index 1.553-1.558 Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com; Elan http://www.elanchemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Benzyl γ-phenylacrylate. See Benzyl cinnamate Benzyl phenylformate. See Benzyl benzoate Benzyl 3-phenylpropenoate; Benzyl 3-phenyl-2propenoate. See Benzyl cinnamate Benzyl propanoate; Benzyl n-propanoate. See Benzyl propionate Benzyl propionate CAS 122-63-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-559-3 FEMA 2150 Synonyms: Benzyl propanoate; Benzyl npropanoate Classification: aromatic compd. Empirical: C10H12O2 Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; floral-fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, most fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 164.20; dens. 1.036; b.p. 219-220 C; flash pt. 100 C; ref. index 1.496-1.500 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, icings Features: Sweet, berry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Benzylpropyl acetate. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate Benzylpropyl carbinol; Benzyl-n-propyl carbinol. See α-Propylphenethyl alcohol 2-Benzyl-2-propyl formate. See α,αDimethylphenethyl formate Benzylsalicylate CAS 118-58-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-262-9 FEMA 2151 Synonyms: Benzyl 2-hydroxybenzoate; Benzyl o-hydroxybenzoate; Phenylmethyl 2hydroxybenzoate Definition: Ester of benzyl alcohol and salicylic acid Empirical: C14H12O3 Properties: Colorless visc. liq., pleasant balsamlike odor; sol. in fixed oils, oxygenated solvs. sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 228.26; dens. 1.175; b.p. 208 C (26 mm); flash pt. 100 C; ref. index 1.579; acid value < 1 921

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2227 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when heated or exposed to flame; incompat. with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. Flavors and Fragrances USA/Fragrances; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Benzylstearyl dimethylammonium chloride. See Stearalkonium chloride Benzylthiol. See Benzyl mercaptan Benzyl tiglate CAS 37526-88-8; EINECS/ELINCS 253-544-8 FEMA 3330 Synonyms: Benzyl trans-2,3-dimethyl acrylate; Benzyl trans-2-methyl-2-butenoate; Benzyl 2-methylcrotonate; Benzyl trans-2-methyl crotonate; Benzyl 2-methyulbut-2(trans)Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enoate; 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, phenylmethyl ester, (E)-; Phenylmethyl (E)2-methyl-2-butenoate Empirical: C12H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; vegetable earthy mushroom odor, rosy undertones; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 190.24; sp.gr. 1.029-1.034; dens. 8.562-8.604 lb/gal; vapor pressure < 0.001 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 139 C (9 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 110 C; ref. index 1.515-1.521 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; may be irritating to skin, eyes, respiratory system; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; vapor or mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. waters Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; keep tightly closed; keep away from ignition sources, naked flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; DSL, AICS listed Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Benzyl α-toluate. See Benzyl phenylacetate Bergamal. See 2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal Bergamiol; Bergamol. See Linalyl acetate Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil CAS 8007-75-8; 85049-52-1; EINECS/ELINCS 289-612-9 UN 1197 (DOT); UN NA 1993 (DOT); FEMA 2153 Synonyms: Bergamot oil; Bergamot oil, Reggio Definition: Psoralen-free volatile oil obtained from the fruit of Citrus aurantium bergamia, contg. 36-45% l-linalyl acetate, 6% l-linalool, 922

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference and d-limonene, dipentene, bergaptene Properties: Yel.-grn. liq., agreeable odor, bitter taste; sol. in fixed oils; misc. with alcohol, glac. acetic acid; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; dens. 0.875-0.880 (25/25 C); ref. index 1.4641.467 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 11,520 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; mild skin irritant and allergen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, icings, Earl Grey tea Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, 582.20, GRAS; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Council of Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com CoKEM Assoc.; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Flavex Naturextrakte GmbH http://www.flavex.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.C. Dudley http://www.jcdudley.co.uk/; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Bergamot oil; Bergamot oil, Reggio. See Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil Bersera delpechiana; Bersera delpechiana wood oil. See Linaloe (Bersera delpechiana) wood oil Betadex. See β-Cyclodextrin; Cyclodextrin Betaine CAS 107-43-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-490-6 Synonyms: (Carboxymethyl) trimethylammonium hydroxide, inner salt; 1-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylmethanaminium hydroxide, inner salt; Glycine betaine; Glycocoll betaine; Glycyl betaine; Oxyneurine; Trimethylglycine; Trimethylglycocoll Classification: Zwitterion Empirical: C5H11NO2 Formula: (CH3)3N+CH2COO– Properties: Wh. solid crystals or grans.; characteristic odor; easily sol. in cold water; m.w. 117.17; m.p. 300 C (decomposes) Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 830 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 10,800 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; mildly toxic by subcut. route; skin or respiratory tract irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents; wear splash goggles, gloves, and lab coat Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Methyl donor for foods, fermentation Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMINO GmbH http://www.aminoactives.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Camida USA http://www.camida.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ 923

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names: Nutristim® Betaine lauryldimethylaminoacetate. See Lauryl betaine Betaines, coco alkyldimethyl. See Coco-betaine Betanin. See Betanine Betanine CAS 7659-95-2 INS162; E162 Synonyms: Betanin; 4-[2-(2-Carboxy-5-(β-Dglucopyranosyloxy)-2,3-dihydrohydroxy1H-indol-1-yl)ethenyl)-2,3-dihydro-2,6pyridinedicarboxylic acid Definition: Coloring principal in beets Empirical: C24H26N2O13 Properties: M.w. 550.52 Toxicology: Mutagen Uses: Colorant in foods Features: Limited stability to heat, light, oxygen, and SO2 Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de See also Beet powder Betula. See Methyl salicylate Betula alba; Betula alba oil; Betula lenta; Betula lenta oil. See Birch (Betula alba) oil Betula oil. See Methyl salicylate Betula pendula tar oil. See Birch (Betula pendula) tar oil BHA CAS 25013-16-5; EINECS/ELINCS 246-563-8 FEMA 2183; INS320 Synonyms: Butylated hydroxyanisole; Butylhydroxyanisole; 2(3)-t-Butyl-4hydroxyanisole; t-Butylhydroxyanisole; tButyl-4-hydroxyanisole; t-Butyl-4methoxyphenol; (1,1-Dimethylethyl)-4methoxyphenol; Hydroxyanisole, butylated Definition: Mixture of isomers of tertiary butylsubstituted 4-methoxyphenols Empirical: C11H16O2 Properties: Wh. or sl. yel. cryst. or waxy solid, faint char. aromatic odor; sol. in ethanol, petrol. ether, 50% or higher alcohol, propylene glycol, chloroform, fats, oils; insol. in water; m.w. 180.27; m.p. 48-55 C; b.p. 264-270 C (733 mm) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2000 mg/kg; mod. toxicity by ing., IP routes; may cause rashes, hyperactivity; confirmed carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen, tumorigen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Antioxidant, preservative for foods; antioxidant for fats and oils; antioxidant in beet sugar and yeast defoamers; antioxidant for chewing gum; pkg. material for irradiated foods; Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, potatoes, shortening; antioxidant migrating from food pkg. Use Level: 0.02% max. (preservation of fixed oils, fats, vitamin oil concs.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110, 172.110, 172.515, 172.615, 173.340, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1210, 177.1350, 178.3120, 178.3570, 179.45; Canada DSL; 181.22, 181.24 (0.005% migrating from food pkg.), 182.3169 (0.02% max. of fat or oil), GRAS; FEMA GRAS; USDA 9CFR 318.7, 381.147; Japan approved 0.2-1 g/kg; Europe approved; UK approved; approved for orals, rectals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliant Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties 924

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; UOP http://www.uop.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Avox™ BHA; Tenox® BHA Trade Names Containing: Antrancine® 20 CHP; Antrancine® 25; Antrancine® 52; Antrancine® 55; Atlas® 5520 Avox™ 2; Avox™ 4; Avox™ 4B; Avox™ 6; Avox™ 7 Avox™ 22; Avox™ 22; Avox™ 26; Avox™ 27; Avox™ A Avox™ R; Durkex 100BHA; Dur-Lo®; Export Masa Enrichment; Solec™ M Solec™ W; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8; Tenox® 2; Tenox® 4 Tenox® 6; Tenox® 7; Tenox® 22; Tenox® 26; Tenox® A Tenox® R 3-BHA. See 3-t-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole BHT CAS 128-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-881-4 FEMA 2184; INS321 Synonyms: 2,6-Bis (1,1-dimethylethyl)-4methylphenol; Butylated hydroxytoluene; 2,6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol; DBPC; 2,6-Di-tbutyl-p-cresol; Di-t-butyl-p-cresol; 2,6-Di-tbutyl-4-methylphenol; Hydroxytoluene, butylated; 4-Methyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol; Methyl di-t-butylphenol Classification: Substituted toluene Empirical: C15H24O Formula: [C(CH3)3]2CH3C6H2OH Properties: Wh. cryst. solid, faint char. odor; sol. in toluene, alcohols, MEK, acetone, Cellosolve, petrol. ether, chloroform, benzene, most HC solvs.; insol. in water, propylene glycol; m.w. 220.39; sp.gr. 1.048 (20/4 C); m.p. 68 C; b.p. 265 C; flash pt. (TOC) 260 F Toxicology: ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 890 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 138 mg/kg, IV, mouse) 180 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; poison by IP, IV routes; suspected carcinogen; human skin irritant; eye irritant; may cause rashes, hyperactivity; experimental teratogen, reproductive Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Antioxidant, preservative for foods, animal feed; antioxidant for fats and oils; antioxidant in beet sugar and yeast defoamers; antioxidant migrating from food pkg.; antioxidant for chewing gum; flavoring agent; pkg. material for irradiated foods Features: Prevents flavor deterioration, rancidity Use Level: 0.02% max. (preservation of fixed oils, fats, vitamin oil concs.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.350, 166.110, 172.115, 172.615 (0.1% max.), 172.185, 173.340 (0.1% of defoamer), 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.2260, 177.2600, 178.2010, 178.3120, 178.3570, 179.45, 181.22, 181.24 (0.005% migrating from food pkg.), 182.3173 (0.02% max. of fat/oil), GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; FEMA GRAS; Japan 0.2-1 g/kg; Europe, UK; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chemtura/Great Lakes http://www.chemtura.com/corporate/v/index .jsp?vgnextoid=2a497e765e59b010VgnVCM 10000052d7010aRCRD&vgn Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Cognis Perf. 925

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chems. http://www.cognis.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/ Equistar http://www.equistarchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Lanxess http://www.lanxess.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com; Raschig Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; UOP http://www.uop.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wako Pure Chem. Ind. http://www.wakochem.co.jp/english/ Trade Names: Avox™ BHT; Naftonox® BHT; Nipanox® BHT; Tenox® BHT Trade Names Containing: Antrancine® 14; Antrancine® 52; Antrancine® 55; Avox™ 4; Avox™ 6 Avox™ 8; Avox™ 25; Avox™ 26; Dimodan® O Kosher; Dimodan® S Dry Vitamin D3 Type 100 SD; Durem™ 114; Durem™ 204; EC-25® Export Masa Enrichment; Multiwax® 180-W; Multiwax® ML-445; Multiwax® W-835; Oxynex® 2004

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tenox® 4; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 6; Tenox® 8; Tenox® 25 Tenox® 26 Biacetyl. See Diacetyl Bibenzene. See Biphenyl Bicalcium phosphate. See Calcium phosphate dibasic Bicarbonate of soda. See Sodium bicarbonate Bicarburet of hydrogen. See Benzene 1,2-Bichloroethane. See Ethylene dichloride Bicyclo (2.2.1) heptane, 2,2-dimethyl-3methylene-. See Camphene Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 7,7-dimethyl-2methylene-. See α-Fenchene Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol, 2-ethyl-1,3,3trimethyl-, endo-, (-)-. See 2-Ethyl fenchol Bicyclo (2.2.1) heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, endo-. See DL-Borneol Bicyclo (2.2.1) heptan-2-ol, 1,3,3-trimethyl-, acetate. See Fenchyl acetate Bicyclo (2.2.1) heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, acetate, endo-. See Bornyl acetate Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, formate, endo-. See Bornyl formate Bicyclo (2.2.1) heptan-2-one, 1,3,3-trimethyl-. See d-Fenchone Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-one, 1,3,3-trimethyl-, (1R)-. See l-Fenchone Bicyclo (3.1.1.) hept-2-ene-2-methanol, 6,6dimethyl-, acetate (1S)-. See Myrtenyl acetate Biophyll. See Chlorophyll Biotin (INCI); (+)-Biotin. See d-Biotin d-Biotin CAS 58-85-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-399-3 Synonyms: Biotin (INCI); (+)-Biotin; d-(+)Biotin; Coenzyme R; [3aS-(3a-α,4b,6aα)]Hexahydro-2-oxo-1H-thieno [3,4-d] imidazole-4-pentanoic acid; cis-Hexahydro2-oxo-1H-thieno (3,4)-imidazole-4-valeric acid; 1H-Theino (3,4-d) imidazole-4pentanoic acid, hexahydro-2-oxo-, (3aS-(3aα-4-β,6a-α))-; Vitamin B7; Vitamin H Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C10H16N2O3S Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in water, alcohol; insol. in common org. solvs.; m.w. 244.31; m.p. 231-233 C Toxicology: No human toxic symptoms reported on heavy dosage; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx, SOx 926

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods; microbial fermentation nutrient Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 107.100, 182.8159, GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com BASF http://www.basf.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma http://www.ds-pharma.co.jp; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/ George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Graymor http://www.graymorusa.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; M.W. Int'l. Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Molecular BioSciences http://www.molbio.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Roche Diagnostics http://www.roche-appliedscience.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names Containing: Bioblend # 7; Bitrit1™ (1% Biotin Trituration); Bonus Blend; Bonus Blend d-(+)-Biotin. See d-Biotin Biphenyl CAS 92-52-4; EINECS/ELINCS 202-163-5 FEMA 3129; INS230; E230 Synonyms: Bibenzene; 1,1´-Biphenyl; Diphenyl; Lemonene; Phenyl benzene; PHPH; Xenene Empirical: C12H10 Formula: C6H5C6H5 Properties: Wh. scales or colorless leaflets, pleasant odor; sol. in oxygenated/chlorinated solvs., alcohols, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 154.08; dens. 1.041; m.p. 70 C; b.p. 256 C; flash pt. (CC) 112.7 C; ref. index 1.588 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.2 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 3280 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 56 mg/kg; irritant; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; human systemic effects by inh. of very sm. amts.; CNS depression, paralysis, convulsions reported; experimental tumorigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Preservative for foods; fungistat for citrus fruit wraps Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §178.2010; FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; HAP; Europe listed; UK approved; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bayer/Industrial Chems./Textile http://bayermaterialscience.com; Fluka 927

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Merck Chimie S.A.S. http://www.merckchimie.fr/; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium 1,1´-Biphenyl. See Biphenyl Biphenyl disulfide. See Phenyl disulfide (1,1´-Biphenyl)-2-ol; 2-Biphenylol; o-Biphenylol. See o-Phenylphenol (1,1´-Biphenyl)-2-ol, sodium salt; 2-Biphenylol, sodium salt. See Sodium o-phenylphenate Biphenyl oxide. See Diphenyl oxide Birch (Betula alba) oil CAS 8001-88-5; 8027-43-8; 68917-50-0; EINECS/ELINCS 281-660-9 Synonyms: Betula alba; Betula alba oil; Betula lenta; Betula lenta oil; Birch oil; Birch tar oil; Black birch oil; Sweet birch oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained from Betula alba or B. lenta Properties: Brn. liq., leather-like odor; sol. in fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, min. oil, propylene glycol; sp.gr. 0.886-0.950 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, syrups, birch beer Manuf./Distrib.: Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Payan & Bertrand http://www.payanbertrand.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Birch (Betula pendula) tar oil CAS 8001-88-5; 68917-50-0 Synonyms: Betula pendula tar oil; Birch tar oil; Birch tar oil, rectified Definition: Derived from tar of bark and wood of Betula pendula Properties: Clear, dark brown liq.; leather-like or smoky odor; sol. in most fixed oils; insol. glycerin, mineral oil, propylene glycol; dens. 0.886-0.950; b.p. 175 C; ref. index 1.522001.59000 Toxicology: Skin irritant; mod. irritating to eyes and mucous membranes; mild allergen; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizers Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com See also Birch (Betula alba) oil Birch oil. See Birch (Betula alba) oil Birch tar oil. See Birch (Betula pendula) tar oil; Birch (Betula alba) oil Birch tar oil, rectified. See Birch (Betula pendula) tar oil Birthwort extract. See Serpentaria (Aristolochia clematitis) extract Bisabolene. See γ-Bisabolene γ-Bisabolene CAS 495-62-5; EINECS/ELINCS 207-805-8 FEMA 3331 Synonyms: Bisabolene; 4-(1,5-Dimethyl-4hexylidene)-1-methylcyclohexene; 6-Methyl2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl) hept-1,5-diene Classification: Hydrocarbon Empirical: C15H24 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq.; sweet, spicy, balsamic odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 204.35; b.p. 148 C (18 mm Hg); flash pt. > 100 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, beverages, baked goods, cigarettes Use Level: 1-5% Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Molekula UK http://www.molekula.co.uk/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com Bisabolmyrrh. See Opopanax gum Bisabolmyrrh oil. See Opopanax (Opopanax chironium) oil Bis (2-aminoethyl) amine; Bis (β-aminoethyl) amine. See Diethylenetriamine Bis (aminopropyl) piperazine CAS 7209-38-3 UN 1760 (DOT) 928

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: BAPP; 1,4-Bis (aminopropyl) piperazine; 1,4-Bis-(3-aminopropyl) piperazine Classification: Heterocyclic organic compd. Empirical: C10H24N4 Properties: Clear liq.; m.w. 200.38; sp.gr. 0.97; m.p. 15 C; b.p. 295 C; flash pt. (COC) 325 F; ref. index 1.5001 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 3500 µg/kg; poison by IV route; corrosive; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes; TSCA listed Precaution: Corrosive Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Dietary supplement in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de 1,4-Bis (aminopropyl) piperazine; 1,4-Bis-(3aminopropyl) piperazine. See Bis (aminopropyl) piperazine Bis (n-butyl) sebacate. See Dibutyl sebacate Bis (2-carboxyethyl) sulfide. See 3,3´Thiodipropionic acid 3,6-Bis (carboxymethyl)-3,5-diazooctanedioic acid. See Edetic acid 1,4-Bis (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3dimethylbutane. See Nordihydroguaiaretic acid 2,6-Bis (1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol. See BHT Bis (dodecyloxycarbonylethyl) sulfide. See Dilauryl thiodipropionate Bis (2-ethylhexyl)-1,2-benzenedicarboxylate; Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. See s-Dioctyl phthalate Bis (2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate; 1,4Bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfobutanedioic acid sodium salt. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Bis (2-furfuryl) disulfide. See Difurfuryl disulfide Bis (D-gluconato) copper. See Copper gluconate (ic) Bis (D-gluconato-O1,O2)-iron. See Ferrous gluconate Bis (D-gluconato-O1,O2)-iron dihydrate. See Ferrous gluconate dihydrate Bis (D-gluconato-O1,O2) manganese. See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manganese gluconate Bis [2-(2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl] ether. See PEG4 N,N-Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) coco amides; N,N-Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) coco fatty acid amide. See Cocamide DEA N,N-Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) dodecanamide; Bis (2hydroxyethyl) lauramide; N,N-Bis (2hydroxyethyl) lauramide; N,N-Bis (βhydroxyethyl) lauramide. See Lauramide DEA 1,7-Bis(4-hydroxymethoxyphenyl)-1,6heptadiene-3,5-dione. See Curcumin 1,7-Bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6heptadiene-3,5-dione. See Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin; 1,3Bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5dimethylimidazolidinedione; 1,3-Bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine2,4-dione; Bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethyl2,4-imidazolidinedione. See DMDM hydantoin 4,5-Bis-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyridin-3-ol. See Pyridoxine Bis (lactato) magnesium. See Magnesium lactate (2,2-Bis(2-methyl propoxy)ethyl) benzene. See Phenylacetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal 1,2-Bis (octadecanamido) ethane. See Ethylene distearamide 2,3-Bis [(9E)-9-octadecenoyloxy] propyl (9E)-9octadecenoate. See Triolein Bisodium carbonate. See Sodium carbonate Bisodium tartrate. See Sodium tartrate Bis(phenylmethyl) disulfide. See Benzyl disulfide 1,2-Bis (stearoylamino) ethane; N,N-Bisstearoylethylenediamide. See Ethylene distearamide Bisulfate; Bisulfite. See Sulfur dioxide Bitter almond extract. See Bitter almond (Prunus amybdalus) extract Bitter almond oil. See Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil Bitter almond oil camphor. See Benzoin Bitter almond (Prunus amybdalus) extract CAS 90320-35-7; EINECS/ELINCS 291-060-9 Synonyms: Almond, bitter, extract; Almond extract, bitter; Bitter almond extract; Prunus amygdalus; Prunus amygdalus amara extract; Prunus amygdalus extract Definition: Extract of the seeds of Prunus amygdalus 929

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil CAS 8013-76-1; 8015-75-6; EINECS/ELINCS 291-060-9 (extract) UN 1990; FEMA 2046 Synonyms: Almond, bitter, oil; Almond oil, bitter; Amygdalin; Bitter almond oil; Prunus amygdalus; Prunus amygdalus amara oil; Prunus amygdalus oil Definition: The volatile essential oil distilled from ground kernels of bitter almonds Prunus amygdalus var. amara Properties: Colorless liq., strong almond odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin; dens. 1.045-1.070 (15 C); b.p. 179 C; flash pt. (TCC) 64 C; ref. index 1.5428-1.5439 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 960 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1220 mg/kg; human poison by ing.; mod. toxic by skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of CN– Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, liqueurs, cakes, confections, gelatin desserts, maraschino cherries, pastries Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; must be treated and redistilled to remove hydrocyanic acid; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.fleurchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Naturex http://www.naturex.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Bitter ash. See Quassia Bitter fennel oil. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) extract Synonyms: Bitter orange extract; Citrus amara; Citrus aurantium; Citrus aurantium fruit extract; Orange, bitter, extract; Orange extract, bitter Definition: Extract of fruit of Citrus aurantium Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: AIDP http://www.aidp.com; Belmont Chems. http://www.belmontchemicals.com; Mini Star Int'l. http://www.ministar.com Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) oil CAS 68916-04-1 FEMA 2823 Synonyms: Bitter orange oil; Bitter orange peel oil; Citrus amara; Citrus aurantium; Citrus aurantium amara; Neroli bigarde oil; Orange, bitter, oil; Orange oil, bitter; Orange peel, bitter, oil Definition: Volatile oil expressed from peel of Citrus aurantium, contg. about 90% dlimonene and citral, decyl aldehyde, methyl anthranilate, linalool, terpineol Properties: Pale yel. to yel.-brn. liq., char. orange odor, bitter taste; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; misc. with abs. alcohol, in 1 vol. glac. acetic acid; very sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.8450.851; ref. index 1.470 (20 C) Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics 930

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract CAS 8028-48-6; 72968-50-4; 977081-87-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-433-8; 277-143-2 Synonyms: Bitter orange peel extract; Citrus amara; Citrus aurantium; Citrus aurantium amara; Citrus aurantium amara peel extract; Citrus aurantium peel extract; Orange peel, bitter, extract; Orange peel extract, bitter Definition: Extract of the peel of the bitter orange, Citrus aurantium amara Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Essential7 http://www.essential7.com; Florachem http://www.florachem.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Folded Orange Oil 5-Fold; Folded Orange Oil 10-Fold Bitter orange extract. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) extract Bitter orange oil. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) oil Bitter orange peel. See Curacao orange peel Bitter orange peel extract. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract Bitter orange peel oil. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) oil Bitter root. See Gentian (Gentiana lutea) Bitter salts. See Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Bitter wood. See Quassia Bixa orellana. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Bixin CAS 6983-79-5 E160b Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: α-Bixin; Isobixin Empirical: C25H30O4 Properties: Brownish-red cryst.; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 394.51; m.p. 198 C Uses: Colorant in foods See also Annatto (Bixa orellana); Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Bixin. See Annatto (Bixa orellana); Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract α-Bixin. See Bixin Black balsam. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) Blackberry extract. See Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract; Blackberry (Rubus villosus) extract Blackberry fruit extract. See Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract CAS 84787-69-9; EINECS/ELINCS 287-110-6 FEMA 2155 Synonyms: Blackberry extract; Blackberry fruit extract; Dewberry extract; Rubus extract; Rubus fruticosus; Rubus fruticosus extract Definition: Extract of fruit of Rubus fruticocus Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/ Blackberry (Rubus villosus) extract CAS 93165-71-0; EINECS/ELINCS 296-958-4 Synonyms: Blackberry extract; Rubus villosus extract Definition: Extract of fruit of Rubus villosus Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Black birch oil. See Birch (Betula alba) oil Black caraway (Nigella sativa) CAS 977017-84-7; 8000-42-8 FEMA 2237 Synonyms: Black carraway; Black cumin; Caraway, black; Nigella sativa Definition: Derived from Nigella sativa Properties: Dark yel.; flash pt. 55C Storage: Shelf life 6 mos.; store @16 C in dark 931

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference glass, aluminum. plastic, or steel containers Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Ferlow Botanicals http://www.ferlowbotanicals.com/ Black carraway. See Black caraway (Nigella sativa) Black catechu (Acacia catechu) extract CAS 8001-76-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-291-7 FEMA 2264 Synonyms: Acacia catechu; Acacia catechu extract; Black catechu extract; Catechu, black, extract Definition: Extract derived from Acacia catechu Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Black catechu extract. See Black catechu (Acacia catechu) extract Black cumin. See Black caraway (Nigella sativa) Black currant extract. See Black currant (Ribes nigrum) extract Black currant (Ribes nigrum) extract CAS 68606-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 271-749-0 INS163(iii) Synonyms: Black currant extract; Ribes nigrum; Ribes nigrum extract Definition: Extract of the fruit of the black currant, Ribes nigrum Properties: Cl. lt.-yel. liq.; characteristic odor; insol. in water; b.p. > 250 C; flash pt. 500 F Toxicology: May irritate eyes and skin; noncarcinogenic Precaution: Wear safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp.: acrid fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent, colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Freeman Ind. http://www.freemanllc.com; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com Black haw bark extract. See Black haw (Viburnum prunifolium) bark extract Black haw (Viburnum prunifolium) bark extract CAS 84929-54-4; EINECS/ELINCS 284-537-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Black haw bark extract; Haw bark, black, extract; Viburnum prunifolium; Viburnum prunifolium extract Definition: Extract of the bark of Viburnum prunifolium Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Black magnetic oxide; Black oxide, precipitated. See Iron oxide black Black pepper oil. See Black pepper (Piper nigrum) oil Black pepper oleoresin, Pepper oleoresin. See Oleoresin black pepper Black pepper (Piper nigrum) oil CAS 8006-82-4; 84929-41-9; EINECS/ELINCS 284-524-7 FEMA 2844; 2845 Synonyms: Black pepper oil; Pepper, black, oil; Pepper oil, black; Piper nigrum; Piper nigrum oil Definition: Derived from Piper nigrum; main constituents incl. α and β-pinene, βcaryophyllene, l-limonene, d-hydrocarveol, piperidine Properties: Spicy, warm odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water Toxicology: Primary irritant; mod. skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Store in lt.-resistant containers Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, 182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk 932

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Black PN. See Brilliant black 1 Black rouge. See Iron oxide black Blackthorn berries. See Blackthorn berries (Prunus spinosa) Blackthorn berries (Prunus spinosa) CAS 977052-03-1 FEMA 3020 Synonyms: Blackthorn berries; Prunus spinosa; Prunus spinosa berries; Sloe berries Definition: Prunus spinosa Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Bleached beeswax. See Beeswax, white Bleached deodorized tallow. See Tallow Bleached lard. See Lard Bleached shellac. See Shellac Bleached starch. See Starch, bleached Bleached wax. See Beeswax, white Bleaching sol'n. See Sodium hypochlorite BLO. See Butyrolactone Blood sugar. See Glucose Blue chamomile flower oil; Blue chamomile oil. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil Blue copper. See Cupric sulfate anhydrous Blue copperas. See Cupric sulfate pentahydrate Blue no. 1; Blue no. 3. See FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake Bluestone. See Cupric sulfate pentahydrate; Cupric sulfate anhydrous Blue vitriol. See Cupric sulfate pentahydrate; Cupric sulfate anhydrous Blue X. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil CAS 8015-77-8 FEMA 2156 Synonyms: Aniba rosaeodora; Aniba rosaeodora oil; Bois de rose oil; Bois de rose oil terpeneless; Boronia absolute; Callitropsis oil; Ginger root oil; Hyssop oil; Ivy absolute; Mace oil; Rosewood oil; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sandalwood oil; Tolu balsam; Vetiver oil Definition: Oil derived from Aniba rosaeodora Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq.; flowery sweet woody linalool odor; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in glycerin; insol. in water; dens. 0.88 kg/l (20 C); flash pt. (TCC) 74 C) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin, if inhaled; may be harmful if swallowed Precaution: Avoid contact or contamination with strong acids, alkalis, or oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO and unidentified org. compds. may be formed during combustion; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Bois de rose oil; Bois de rose oil terpeneless. See Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil Boletic acid. See Fumaric acid Boletic acid dimethyl ester. See Dimethyl fumarate Bolus alba. See Kaolin Boracic acid. See Boric acid Borage (Borago officinalis) seed oil Synonyms: Borage oil; Borage seed oil; Borago officinalis Definition: Fixed oil obtained from seeds of Borago officinalis Properties: Yel. golden clear oil, sl. fatty odor Uses: Food ingred. Manuf./Distrib.: Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista 933

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/ KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com Borage oil; Borage seed oil; Borago officinalis. See Borage (Borago officinalis) seed oil Borates, tetra, sodium salts, pentahydrate. See Sodium tetraborate pentahydrate Borax; Borax decahydrate. See Sodium borate decahydrate Boric acid CAS 10043-35-3; EINECS/ELINCS 233-139-2 E284 Synonyms: Boracic acid; Boron trihydroxide; Orthoboric acid Classification: Inorganic acid Empirical: H3BO3 Formula: BH3O3 Properties: Wh. or colorless cryst. powd., gran.; odorless; almost tasteless or sl. acidic taste; sol. in water, alcohol, glycerol; insol. in ether, benzene; m.w. 61.83; dens. 1.435; m.p. 171 C; b.p. 300 C; loses 1.5 H2O @ 300 C; nonflamm. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2660 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 1400 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 1330 mg/kg; LDLo (IP, mouse) 800 mg/kg; poison by inh., subcut. routes; mod. toxic by IP, IV routes; human poison by ing.; mod. toxic to humans by skin contact, subcut. routes; human skin irritant; human systemic effects; acute poisoning causes digestive upsets in man, CNS stimulation, depression, renal damage, circulatory collapse; dose of 5-20 g in adults may be fatal; experimental reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Hygroscopic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Boric anhydride NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Preservative for foods; preservative in adhesives, sizes, and coatings for food-contact paper; fungistat in citrus fruits Use Level: 0.01-1.0% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 178.2010, 181.22, 181.30; USA not restricted; Europe listed; permitted in Switzerland and Sweden as preservative in some processed seafood; Canada DSL; FDA approved for Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ophthalmics, otics, topicals; NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Advance Research Chems. http://www.fluoridearc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nippon Denko http://www.nippondenko.co.jp; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; San Yuan Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com U.S. Borax http://www.borax.com/; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Veckridge Boric acid disodium salt. See Sodium borate decahydrate Boric acid, disodium salt, pentahydrate. See Sodium tetraborate pentahydrate 2-Bornanol; 2-Bornanol, endo-. See DL-Borneol 2-Bornanone; Bornan-2-one. See Camphor Borneo camphor; Borneol. See DL-Borneol

934

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference DL-Borneol CAS 507-70-0; EINECS/ELINCS 208-080-0 UN 1312 (DOT); FEMA 2157 Synonyms: Bicyclo (2.2.1) heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7trimethyl-, endo-; 2-Bornanol; 2-Bornanol, endo-; Borneo camphor; Borneol; transBorneol; Bornyl alcohol; Camphane, 2hydroxy-; 2-Camphanol; Camphol; 2Hydroxycamphane; Mayalan camphor; Sumatra camphor; DL-1,7,7Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol; endo1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo (2.2.1) heptan-2-ol Empirical: C10H18O Formula: C10H17OH Properties: Colorless plates; pungent, peppery/camphor-like odor; burning taste; sol. in alcohol, oxygenated/aromatic solvs., chloroform, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 154.24; sp.gr. 1.011 (20 C); m.p. 208 C; b.p. 212 C; flash pt. 150 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mild irritant; may cause nausea, vomiting, mental confusion, dizziness, convulsions; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; fire risk in presence of open flame; reactive with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, syrups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium trans-Borneol. See DL-Borneol Borneol acetate. See Bornyl acetate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Borneol, formate. See Bornyl formate Borneol isovalerate. See Bornyl isovalerate Bornyl acetate CAS 76-49-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-964-4 FEMA 2159 Synonyms: Bicyclo (2.2.1) heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7trimethyl-, acetate, endo-; Borneol acetate; levo-Bornyl acetate; Bornyl acetic ether; Bornyl ethanoate; 2-Camphanol acetate; endo-2-Camphanyl ethanoate; 1,7,7Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol acetate; endo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl acetate Empirical: C12H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq. or wh. cryst. solid; piney odor; fresh, burning taste; sol. in alcohol, most fixed oils; sl. sol. in water; insol. in propyl glycol; m.w. 196.29; dens. 0.981-0.985; m.p. 27.5 C; b.p. 225-226 C; flash pt. 89 C; ref. index 1.462-1.466; tenacity 4 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, solvent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, syrups Use Level: < 10% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 4-1216); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com levo-Bornyl acetate; Bornyl acetic ether. See Bornyl acetate Bornyl alcohol. See DL-Borneol Bornyl butanoate. See Bornyl butyrate Bornyl butyrate CAS 13109-70-1; EINECS/ELINCS 236-036-0 FEMA 3907 Synonyms: Bornyl butanoate; Butanoic acid, 935

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo -2.2.1] hept-2-yl ester, endo; Butyric acid, 2-bornyl ester; 1,7,7Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-yl butanoate Properties: Colorless liq.; herbaceous odor; sol. in oils; sl. sol. in water; sp. gr. 0.981-0.991; b.p. 247 C; ref. index 1.462-1.469 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Bornyl ethanoate. See Bornyl acetate Bornyl formate CAS 7492-41-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-319-5 FEMA 2161 Synonyms: Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7trimethyl-, formate, endo-; Borneol, formate; Bornyl methanoate Empirical: C11H18O2 Formula: C10H17OOCH Properties: Colorless, oily liq.; piney odor; m.w. 182.26; dens. 1.007-1.009; b.p. 106-108 C (21 mm); ref. index 1.4689 Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, syrups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Bornyl isovalerate CAS 76-50-6 (D-); 53022-14-3; 59672-05-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-966-5 (D-); 261-849-2 FEMA 2165 Synonyms: Borneol isovalerate; d-Bornyl isovalerate; 2-Bornyl 3-methylbutyrate; Bornyval; Isovaleric acid, 2-bornyl ester; (1R-endo)-3-Methylbutanoic acid 1,7,7trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl ester; (1Rendo)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2yl 3-methylbutanoate Empirical: C15H26O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2COOC10H17 Properties: Liq.; odor and taste of valerian and camphor; sol. in alcohol, ether; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 238.36; dens. 0.955; b.p. 255-260 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, syrups Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com d-Bornyl isovalerate. See Bornyl isovalerate exo-Bornyl isovalerate. See Isobornyl isovalerate Bornyl methanoate. See Bornyl formate Bornyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Bornyl valerate exo-Bornyl 3-methylbutanoate isovalerate. See Isobornyl isovalerate 2-Bornyl 3-methylbutyrate. See Bornyl isovalerate Bornyl N-pentanoate. See Bornyl valerate Bornyl valerate CAS 7549-41-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-435-6 FEMA 2164 Synonyms: Bornyl 3-methylbutanoate; Bornyl N-pentanoate; Endo-2-bornyl valerate; Bornyl valerianate; Endo-2-camphanyl valerate; Endo-pentanoic acid 1,7,7trimethyl bicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-yl ester; Endo-1,7,7-trimethyl bicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-yl valerate Empirical: C15H26O2 Properties: Colorless oil; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 238.37; dens. 0.951 (20 C); b.p. 255-260 C; ref. index 1.4605 (18 C) Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Endo-2-bornyl valerate; Bornyl valerianate. See Bornyl valerate Bornyval. See Bornyl isovalerate Boronia absolute. See Boronia (Boronia megastigma) flowers; Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil Boronia (Boronia megastigma) flowers CAS 8053-33-6; EINECS/ELINCS 294-926-4 (extract) FEMA 2167 Synonyms: Boronia absolute; Boronia flowers; Boronia megastigma; Boronia megastigma flowers Definition: Derived from Boronia megastigma 936

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Dk. grn., visc. liq.; sweet woody fruity odor; 0.95-1.02 @ 25 C, 7.905-8.487 lb/gal; insol in water and propylene glycol Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Boronia flowers; Boronia megastigma; Boronia megastigma flowers. See Boronia (Boronia megastigma) flowers Boron sodium oxide, pentahydrate. See Sodium tetraborate pentahydrate Boron trihydroxide. See Boric acid Boswellia carterii; Boswellia carterii bark extract. See Olibanum (Boswellia carterii) extract Boswellia carterii birdw. resinoid. See Olibanum (Boswellia carterii) oil Boswellia carterii extract. See Olibanum (Boswellia carterii) extract Boswellia carterii gum; Boswellia carterii resin. See Olibanum Bourbonal. See Ethyl vanillin Bovine rennet. See Rennet BP. See Benzoyl peroxide BPBG. See n-Butyl phthalyl-n-butyl glycolate BPO. See Benzoyl peroxide Bran absolute. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil Bran, avena sativa; Bran, oat. See Oat (Avena sativa) bran Bran, rice. See Rice (Oryza sativa) bran Brassica campestris oil; Brassica oleifera. See Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil Brazil wax. See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax Bread sugar. See D-Glucose monohydrate Brevoortia; Brevoortia tyrannus oil. See Menhaden oil Brilliant black. See Brilliant black 1 Brilliant black 1 CAS 2519-30-4; EINECS/ELINCS 219-746-5 INS151; E151 Synonyms: 4-(Acetylamino)-5-hydroxy-6-[[7sulfo-4-[(4-sulfophenyl) azo]-1naphthalenyl] azo]-1,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid, tetrasodium salt; Black PN; Brilliant black; Brilliant black Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

BN; CI 28440; CI food black 1, tetrasodium salt; Food black 1; 1,7Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 4-acetamido-5hydroxy-6-((7-sulfo-4-((p-sulfophenyl) azo)1-naphthyl) azo)-, Na4 salt; 1,7Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 4(acetylamino)-5-hydroxy-6-[[7-sulfo-4-[(4sulfophenyl) azo]-1-naphthalenyl] azo]-, Na4 salt; Tetrasodium 1-acetamido-2-hydroxy-3(4-((4-sulfonatophenylazo)-7-sulfonato-1naphthylazo)) naphthalene-4,6-disulfonate Classification: Diazo color Empirical: C28H21N5O14S4 • 4Na Properties: M.w. 871.74 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (IP, rat) 900 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 2500 mg/kg; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may cause wt. loss and changes in bladder/testicular wt. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, NOx, SOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Dynemic Prods. http://www.foodcolor.net/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Brilliant black BN. See Brilliant black 1 Brilliant blue FCF. See FD&C Blue No. 1; Acid blue 9 Brilliant carmine 6B; Brilliant carmine 6BN. See Litholrubine BK Brine. See Sodium chloride British gum. See Dextrin Bromelain CAS 9001-00-7; 37189-34-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-572-4; 253-387-5 INS1101(iii) Synonyms: Ananase; Bromelain juice; Bromelains; Bromelin; Bromelin ananase; Fruit bromelain; Plant protease concentrate 937

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Mixt. of enzymes found in pineapple (Ananas comosus) fruit and stems Properties: Wh. to tan amorphous powd.; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 85 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 30 mg/kg; poison by IP and IV routes; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Milk-clotting proteolytic enzyme; flour treatment agent, stabilizer, flavor enhancer, processing aid in foods, beer, bread, cereals, meat, poultry, wine; dough conditioner; texturizer in baking; clarifier, chillproofing agent in beer; meat tenderizer, tissue softener; prep. of precooked cereals Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1024, GRAS; Canada, UK, Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Bromelain juice; Bromelains. See Bromelain Bromelia. See β-Naphthyl ethyl ether Bromelin; Bromelin ananase. See Bromelain Bromic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium bromate Bromide salt of potassium. See Potassium bromide Brominated soybean oil CAS 68952-98-7 Synonyms: Brominated vegetable oil; BVO Properties: Clear yel. viscous oily liq., bland odor; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, hexane, fixed oils; insol. in water; dec. without flash at 480 F Toxicology: Possible mild eye irritation; experimental reproductive effects Precaution: Avoid strong alkali, amines Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Br– Uses: Visc. modifier, clouding agent, and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier in soft drinks; stabilizer for flavoring oils in fruit-flavored beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §180.30; Canada DSL Trade Names: Akwilox 133 Brominated vegetable oil CAS 8016-94-2 FEMA 2168; INS443 Properties: Pale yel. to dk. brn. visc. oily liq., bland or fruity odor, bland taste; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, hexane, fixed oils; insol. in water Toxicology: Experimental reproductive effects Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Br– Uses: Flavoring agent, emulsifier, stabilizer for foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods; stabilizer for flavoring oils in fruitflavored beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §180.30; FEMA GRAS delisted; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com See also Brominated soybean oil Bromine CAS 7726-95-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-778-1 UN 1744 (DOT) Synonyms: Dibromine Classification: Inorganic liq. nonmetallic halogen element Empirical: Br2 Properties: Dk. red fuming liq., pungent odor; sol. in CCl4, chloroform, methylene chloride, CS2, ether, methanol, conc. HCl; sol. 3.38% in water (20 C); a.w. 159.83; sp.gr. 3.119 (20/4 C); dens. 25.9 lb/gal; vapor pressure 175 mm (21 C); f.p. -7.27 C; b.p. 58.8 C; ref. index 1.6083 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2600 ppm; LDLo (inh., human) 1000 ppm; TLV 0.1 ppm in air; toxic by ingestion and inhalation; severe skin, eye and mucous membrane irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; reactive and corrosive; strong oxidizing agent may ignite combustibles on contact; highly dangerous; attacks most metals (Pt, Pd); aluminum reacts vigorously; potassium reacts explosively 938

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: When heated, emits highly toxic fumes; will react with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Weighting agent for flavors and fragrances Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com AmeriBrom http://www.ameribrom.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Chemtura/Great Lakes http://www.chemtura.com/corporate/v/index .jsp?vgnextoid=2a497e765e59b010VgnVCM 10000052d7010aRCRD&vgn; Columbus Chem. Ind. http://www.columbuschemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hawks Chem. Co Ltd http://www.hawkschem.com/; ICL Industrial Prods. http://www.dsbg.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com; Schumacher http://www.schumacher.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Bronze powder. See Copper Brown acetate. See Calcium acetate Brown algae. See Algae, brown Brown FK CAS 8062-14-4 INS154; E154 Synonyms: Chocolate brown FK; CI Food Brown 1; Kipper brown Definition: Brown mixture of six synthetic azo dyes, with the addition of sodium chloride, and/or sodium sulfate Properties: Sol. in water; sparingly sol. in ethanol Uses: Colorant in foods; colorant in kippers (EC) Regulatory: Prohibited in Australia, Austria, Canada, Finland, Ireland, Japan, Norway, Sweden and the United States Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Brown HT CAS 4553-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 224-924-0 INS155; E155 Synonyms: Chocolate brown HT; CI 20285; CI Food Brown 3 Empirical: C17H18N4Na2O9S2 Properties: M.w. 652.57 Toxicology: Can produce bad reactions in asthmatics and people allergic to aspirin Uses: Colorant in chocolate cake mixes Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Roha http://www.rohadyechem.com/ Brown rice syrup Definition: A product consisting of ≈ 50% soluble complex carbohydrates, 45% maltose, and 3% glucose derived from rice that still contains the bran Storage: 1 yr. shelf life in unopened containers; once opened, store in cool, dry place Uses: Sweetener, humectant in foods, esp. soy-based prods. Trade Names: BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 28DE; BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 42DE; BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 45DE High Maltose; BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 60DE; CNP BRSDE42CL CNP BRSHG40; CNP BRSHM; CNP BRSHMCL; CNP BRSMC10; CNP BRSMC20 CNP BRSMC35; CNP BRSMC35CL; CNP Fat Replacer; CNP OPPRSRDCL; CNP ORSHG40 CNP ORSHM; CNP ORSHMCL; CNP ORSMC10; CNP ORSMC20; CNP ORSMC35 CNP ORSMC35CL; CNP ORSMC40; CNP PPRSRDCL Brown rice syrup solids Synonyms: BRSS Properties: Creamy color; sl. caramel flavor note Storage: Store in cool, dry area, below 95 F, air conditioned preferred Uses: Sweetener, humectant, sol. complex carbohydrate, bulking agent, flavor carrier for foods, dry beverage mixes, hard candies, home brew beers, extruded bars/confections Manuf./Distrib.: Calif. Natural Prods. http://www.cnp.com/ Trade Names: CNP BRSSHG40; CNP BRSSHM; CNP BRSSHMCL BRSS. See Brown rice syrup solids Brucite. See Magnesium hydroxide 939

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference B/S. See Styrene/butadiene polymer Buchu leaf oil. See Buchu leaves oil Buchu leaves oil CAS 68650-46-4; 84649-93-4; EINECS/ELINCS 283-474-3 FEMA 2169 Synonyms: Barosma betulina; Barosma betulina oil; Barosma crenulata; Barosma crenulata oil; Barosma serratifolia; Barosma serratifolia oil; Buchu leaf oil Definition: Derived from Barosma betulina, B. crenulata, or B. serratifolia Properties: Yel. to brnsh. yel. visc. oily liq.; strong bitter sweet mint camphor woody fruity odor, fresh bitter flavor; sol. in ethanol, fixed oils; insol. in water, propylene glycol; sp.gr. 0.890-0.951; ref. index 1.467-1.480 (20 C) Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Buckbean extract; Buckbean leaf extract. See Buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata) extract Buckbean leaves. See Buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata) leaves Buckbean leaves extract. See Buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata) extract Buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata) extract CAS 84082-63-3; 977038-52-0; EINECS/ELINCS 282-009-1 Synonyms: Buckbean extract; Buckbean leaf extract; Buckbean leaves extract; Menyanthes trifoliata; Menyanthes trifoliata extract Definition: Extract of the dried leaves of the Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

buckbean, Menyanthes trifoliata Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata) leaves CAS 977038-51-9 Synonyms: Buckbean leaves Definition: Derived from Menyanthes trifoliata Properties: Bitter tonic flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Bulgarian rose oil. See Rose oil Bulnesia sarmienti oil. See Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil Burning bush. See Dittany (Dictamnus albus) roots Burnt alum. See Potassium alum anhydrous Burnt ammonium alum. See Ammonium alum Burnt lime. See Calcium oxide Burnt potassium alum. See Potassium alum anhydrous Burnt sienna. See Iron oxide red Burnt sugar; Burnt sugar coloring. See Caramel Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer CAS 9003-18-3 Synonyms: Acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer; Acrylonitrile/butadiene rubber; Acrylonitrile rubber; 1,3-Butadiene, polymer with 2propenenitrile; NBR; Nitrile/butadiene rubber; Nitrile elastomer; Nitrile rubber; 2Propenenitrile, polymer with 1,3-butadiene Classification: Polymer Definition: Synthetic rubber made by random polymerization of acrylonitrile and butadiene by free-radical catalysis Empirical: (C7H9N)x Formula: [CH2CH=CHCH2]x[CHCNCH2]y Properties: Dens. 0.980; tens. str. 1000-3000 psi; elong. 100-700% Toxicology: Suspected carcinogen Precaution: Combustible Uses: Films and coatings for food contact Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 177.1200, 177.1200, 177.2600, 181.32; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium 1,3-Butadiene-2-methyl polymer with 2-methyl-1propene. See Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer 940

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1,3-Butadiene, polymer with 2-propenenitrile. See Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer Butadiene/styrene copolymer; 1,3Butadiene/styrene copolymer; Butadiene/styrene polymer; 1,3Butadiene/styrene polymer; Butadiene/styrene resin; 1,3Butadiene/styrene resin; Butadiene/styrene rubber. See Styrene/butadiene polymer Butadione. See Diacetyl Butal; Butaldehyde; Butalyde; Butanal; nButanal. See n-Butyraldehyde Butanal, 2-ethyl-. See 2-Ethylbutyraldehyde 1-Butanal, 3-methyl-. See Isovaleraldehyde Butanal, 2-methyl-. See 2-Methylbutyraldehyde 1-Butanamine. See n-Butylamine Butane CAS 106-97-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-448-7 UN 1011 (DOT); INS943a; E943a Synonyms: Alkane C4; n-Butane; Butyl hydride; Diethyl; Liquefied petroleum gas; Methylethylmethane Classification: Alkane; hydrocarbon Empirical: C4H10 Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless gas; faint disagreeable odor; easily liquefied under pressure @ R.T.; sol. in ethanol, ether, chloroform; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 58.12; sp.gr. 0.599; vapor pressure 1620 mm Hg (17 psig, 21 C); f.p. 138 C; b.p. -0.5 C; flash pt. (CC) -60 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 800 ppm; LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) 658 g/m3; mildly toxic by inh.; causes drowsiness; anesthetic and asphyxiant props.; narcotic in high concs.; liq. may cause burns or frostbite to skin and eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. gas; very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; highly explosive; explosive limits 1.9-8.5%; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents (increases fire/explosion risk) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 4, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store at or above ground level in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; cylinder temp. should not exceed 51 C; limit quantities Uses: Direct food additive; propellant, aerating agent, gas for foamed and sprayed food prods. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.350, 184.1165, GRAS; approved for topicals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aeropres http://www.aeropres.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BOC Gases http://www.boc.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de n-Butane. See Butane 1-Butaneamine, 3-methyl-. See Isoamylamine Butanecarboxylic acid; 1-Butanecarboxylic acid. See n-Valeric acid 1,4-Butanedicarboxylic acid; Butane-1,4dicarboxylic acid. See Adipic acid Butane, 1,1-diethoxy-. See Butyraldehyde diethyl acetal Butanedioic acid; 1,4-Butanedioic acid. See Succinic acid Butanedioic acid diethyl ester. See Diethyl succinate Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-. See L-Tartaric acid Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, calcium salt; Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, [R-(R,R)]-, calcium salt (1:1). See Calcium tartrate Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, monopotassium salt. See Potassium acid tartrate Butanedioic acid, dimethyl ester. See Dimethyl succinate Butanedioic acid disodium salt. See Sodium succinate Butanedioic acid, hydroxy-. See NHydroxysuccinic acid Butanedioic acid, sulfo-,1,4-bis( 2-ethylhexyl ) ester, sodium salt. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Butanedioic anhydride. See Succinic anhydride 1,3-Butanediol; Butane-1,3-diol. See Butylene glycol Butanedione; 2,3-Butanedione. See Diacetyl 1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol; 2(r),3(s)-1,2,3,4Butanetetrol. See Erythritol Butanethiol; 1-Butanethiol; n-Butanethiol. See n-Butyl mercaptan Butanic acid; Butanoic acid; n-Butanoic acid. See n-Butyric acid Butanoic acid-2-butoxy-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl ester. See Butyl butyryl lactate 941

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Butanoic acid, cyclohexyl ester. See Cyclohexyl butyrate Butanoic acid decyl ester. See Decyl butyrate Butanoic acid (2Z)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl ester. See Neryl butyrate Butanoic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl ester. See Geranyl butyrate Butanoic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenyl ester. See Citronellyl butyrate Butanoic acid 1-ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexen-1yl ester. See Linalyl butyrate Butanoic acid, 1-ethenylhexyl ester. See 1Octen-3-yl butyrate Butanoic acid, 2-ethyl-. See Diethylacetic acid Butanoic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl butyrate Butanoic acid, 2-furanylmethyl ester. See Furfuryl butyrate Butanoic acid, heptyl ester. See Heptyl butyrate Butanoic acid, 3-hexenyl ester, (Z)-. See cis-3Hexenyl butyrate Butanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-. See 2-Methylbutyric acid Butanoic acid, 3-methylbutyl ester. See Isoamyl butyrate Butanoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl butyrate Butanoic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester. See Isopropyl butyrate Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 3-hexenyl eser, (Z)-. See cis-3-Hexenyl isovalerate Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3-hexenyl ester, (Z)-. See cis-3-Hexenyl 2-methylbutyrate Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, hexyl ester. See Hexyl isovalerate Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl isovalerate Butanoic acid 1-methyl-2-oxopropyl ester. See Butan-3-one-2-yl butyrate Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-phenylethyl ester. See Phenethyl-2-methylbutyrate Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, phenylmethyl ester. See Benzyl-2-methylbutyrate Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 3-phenyl-2-propenyl ester. See Cinnamyl isovalerate Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl ester, ex-. See Isobornyl isovalerate Butanoic acid octyl ester. See Octyl butyrate Butanoic acid, 3-oxo-, 3-methylbutyl ester. See Isoamyl acetoacetate Butanoic acid pentyl ester. See Amyl butyrate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Butanoic acid 1-phenyl propyl ester. See αEthylbenzyl butyrate Butanoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester. See Tributyrin Butanoic acid propyl ester. See Propyl butyrate Butanoic acid (tetrahydro-2-furanyl) methyl ester. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate Butanoic acid, 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo -2.2.1] hept-2-yl ester, endo. See Bornyl butyrate Butanol; 1-Butanol; Butan-1-ol. See Butyl alcohol 2-Butanol CAS 78-92-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-158-5 UN 1120 (DOT) Synonyms: Butan-2-ol; s-Butanol; 2-Butyl alcohol; s-Butyl alcohol; Butylene hydrate; Ethylmethyl carbinol; 2-Hydroxybutane; Methyl ethyl carbinol; 1-Methyl propanol; SBA; Secondary butyl alcohol Classification: Sec. aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C4H10O Formula: CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; strong pleasant sweet odor; sol. in water, ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene; m.w. 74.12; sp.gr. 0.807 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 18.3 mm Hg; m.p. -89 C; b.p. 99-100 C; flash pt. 23 C; autoignition temp. 405 C; ref. index 1.3972 (20 C); surf. tens. 23.37 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 16.56 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 100 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 6480 mg/kg, (IP, rabbit) 277 mg/kg; poison by IV and IP routes; mildly toxic by ing.; skin and eye irritant; excessive inh. may cause nose/throat irritation, headache, nausea, fatigue, dizziness; unconsciousness, coma in extreme cases; if aspirated into lungs, may cause severe lung damage, respiratory and cardiac arrest, possibly death; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.76; COD 2.49; ThOD 2.59 Precaution: Flamm.; incompat. with alkali metals (increases fire/explosion risk, forms flamm. hydrogen gas), acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides (vigorous reactions), chlorine, isocyanates, ethylene oxide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Unstable peroxides may form after prolonged storage NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area out of 942

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference direct sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; extraction of fish protein Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 176.180; SARA §313 reportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Quaker City; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com Butan-2-ol. See 2-Butanol n-Butanol. See Butyl alcohol s-Butanol. See 2-Butanol 1,2-Butanolide; 1,4-Butanolide. See Butyrolactone 1-Butanol, 2-methyl-, acetate. See 2-Methylbutyl acetate 2-Butanol, 2-methyl-4-phenyl-. See Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol 2,3-Butanolone; 2-Butanol-3-one. See Acetyl methyl carbinol Butanone; 2-Butanone; 3-Butanone. See Methyl ethyl ketone Butan-3-one-2-butyrate. See Butan-3-one-2-yl butyrate 2-Butanone, 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-. See Zingerone 2-Butanone, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-. See 4-(pHydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone 2-Butanone, 4-(p-methoxyphenyl)-. See 4-pMethoxyphenyl-2-butanone 2-Butanone, 4-(4-methylphenyl)-. See 4-(pTolyl)-2-butanone 2-Butanone, 4-2(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1yl)-. See Dihydro-β-ionone 2-Butanone, 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1yl)-. See Dihydro-α-ionone Butan-3-one-2-yl butyrate CAS 84642-61-5; EINECS/ELINCS 283-438-7 FEMA 3332 Synonyms: Acetoyl butyrate; Butanoic acid 1methyl-2-oxopropyl ester; Butan-3-one-2Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

butyrate; sec-Butan-3-onyl butyrate; 1Methyl-2-oxopropyl butyrate; 3-Oxobutan-2yl butyrate Empirical: C8H14O3 Formula: CH3CH2CH2CO2CH(CH3)COCH3 Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. liq., red berry odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol, most oils; insol. in water; m.w. 158.19; dens. 0.972-0.992; flash pt. 179 F; ref. index 1.408-1.429 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may cause irritation Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat and open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Berry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com sec-Butan-3-onyl butyrate. See Butan-3-one-2yl butyrate 2-Butenedioic acid; (E)-Butenedioic acid; transButenedioic acid. See Fumaric acid 2-Butenedioic acid, diethyl ester, (E)-; transButenedioic acid dimethyl ester. See Dimethyl fumarate 2-Butenedioic acid ferrous salt. See Ferrous fumarate Z)-2-Butenedioic acid homopolymer. See Polymaleic acid 2-Butenoic acid; α-Butenoic acid. See Crotonic acid 2-Butenoic acid, butyl ester; (E)-2-Butenoic acid butyl ester. See Butyl crotonate 2-Butenoic acid, ethyl ester; trans-2-Butenoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl crotonate 2-Butenoic acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl 2butenoate 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, (E)-. See Tiglic acid 2-Butenoic acid, methyl ester, (E)-; trans-2Butenoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl crotonate 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester, (E)-. See Ethyl tiglate 943

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 2-Butenoic acid, 3-methyl-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl senecioate 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 1-isopropyl ester, (E)-. See Isopropyl tiglate 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, phenylmethyl ester, (E)-. See Benzyl tiglate 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl-2-butenoate 2-Butenoic acid propyl ester; (E)-2-Butenoic acid propyl ester. See Propyl crotonate 3-Butenol-2-ol, 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen1-yl)-. See α-Ionol 3-Buten-2-ol, 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1yl)-. See β-Ionol 3-Buten-2-one, 3-methyl-4-phenyl-. See 3Methyl-4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one 3-Buten-2-one, 3-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2cyclohexen-1-yl)-. See α-Isomethylionone 3-Buten-2-one, 4-(2,4,6,6-tetramethyl-2cyclohexen-1-yl)-. See α-Irone 2-Buten-1-one, 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1,3cyclohexadien-1-yl)-. See β-Damascenone (2-Butenylidene) acetic acid. See Sorbic acid Butoxyethanol CAS 111-76-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-905-0 UN 2369 (DOT) Synonyms: 2-Butoxyethanol; 2-Butoxy-1ethanol; 2-n-Butoxyethanol; nButoxyethanol; o-Butyl ethylene glycol; Butyl glycol; n-Butyl glycol; EGMBE; Ethylene glycol butyl ether; Ethylene glycol n-butyl ether; Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; Ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether; Glycol butyl ether; Glycol monobutyl ether; Monobutyl glycol ether; 3-Oxa-1-heptanol Classification: Glycol ether Empirical: C6H14O2 Formula: HOCH2CH2OC4H9 Properties: Colorless clear mobile liq.; mild pleasant odor; sol. in water, alcohol, ether; misc. wit most org. solvs.; m.w. 118.20; sp.gr. 0.9019 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 300 mm Hg (140 C); m.p. -74.8 C; b.p. 171.2 C; flash pt. 62 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 25 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 1480 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 220 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 490 mg/kg; poison by ing., skin contact, IP, IV routes; mod. toxic by inh., subcut.; human systemic effects; skin/eye irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: BOD5 0.71; COD 2.20; ThOD 2.31 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: DOT: Poisonous material; flamm. exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with oxidizers, strong caustics; attacks some types of rubber, plastics, and coatings Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed, grounded containers in cool, ventilated area, away from work areas; use in minimal quantities Uses: Flume wash water additive for washing sugar beets prior to slicing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.315, 175.105, 176.210, 177.1650, 178.1010, 178.3297, 178.3570; Canada DSL; SARA §313 reportable; HAP; VOC Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 2-Butoxyethanol; 2-Butoxy-1-ethanol; 2-nButoxyethanol; n-Butoxyethanol. See Butoxyethanol Butter acids CAS 85536-25-0; 91745-88-9 FEMA 2171 Synonyms: Fatty acids, butter Empirical: C8H14O3 Properties: Waxy solid; sol. in oils; poorly sol. in alcohol; low melting, variable; m.w. 158.20 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, butter, cream cheese, milk, cream Features: Typical odor and flavor of fatty acids; naturally occurs in butter Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 944

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Butter esters CAS 977019-26-3; 97926-23-3 FEMA 2172 Definition: Synthesized by esterification of the mixed butter acids with ethanol Properties: Waxy solid; fruity, fatty, oily, waxy odor and flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, popcorn oil, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Buttermilk powder CAS 2246-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Synonyms: Buttermilk solids; Butyris lac; Butyris lac powder Definition: Naturally occurring prod. obtained by dehydration of the liq. recovered from the churning of cow's milk or cream to prepare butter Uses: Food ingred. Trade Names Containing: Sour Dough Base Buttermilk solids. See Buttermilk powder Butter of zinc. See Zinc chloride Button lac. See Shellac Butyl acetate (INCI); 1-Butyl acetate. See nButyl acetate n-Butyl acetate CAS 123-86-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-658-1 UN 1123 (DOT); FEMA 2174 Synonyms: Acetic acid, butyl ester; Acetic acid n-butyl ester; Butyl acetate (INCI); 1Butyl acetate; Butyl ethanoate Classification: Carboxylic acid ester Definition: Ester of butyl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C6H12O2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: CH3COOC4H9 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, benzene, hydrocarbons; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 116.18; sp.gr. 0.8826 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 15 mm Hg; f.p. -75 C; b.p. 126.3 C; flash pt. (TOC) 36.6 C; ref. index 1.2951 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 150 ppm; STEL 200 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 14.13 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 1230 mg/kg; mildly toxic by inh., ing.; mod. toxic by IP route; skin irritant; severe eye irritant; mild allergen; inh. or ing. can cause CNS depression, headache, nausea, unconsciousness; experimental teratogen; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.52; COD 2.32; ThOD 2.21 Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to flame; mod. explosive when exposed to flame; incompat. with strong oxidizers (increases fire risk), strong acids or strong bases (decomp. can occur), potassium t-butylate (ignition can occur) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; ground drums and bond transfer containers Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 175.320, 177.1200; FEMA GRAS; CERCLA hazardous substance; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMC Chems.; AP Resources http://www.apr.co.kr; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BASF http://www.basf.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; Brenntag 945

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference AG http://www.brenntag.de; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Chisso Am.; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/ Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Nippon Syn. Chem. Ind.; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names Containing: Banana Treattarome 9730 Butylacetic acid. See Caproic acid Butyl acetoacetate CAS 591-60-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-722-2 FEMA 2176 Synonyms: Acetoacetic acid, butyl ester; Butyl-β-ketobutyrate; Butyl-3-oxobutanoate; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

3-Oxo-butanoic acid butyl ester Empirical: C8H14O3 Formula: CH3COCH2COOCH2CH2CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 158.20; dens. 0.9694 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 0.19 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 213.9 C; flash pt. 85 C; ref. index 1.4245 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 11,260 mg/kg; primary irritant; mildly toxic by ing.; eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet, fruity, brandy, fermented odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Wacker Chems. http://www.wackersilicones.com Wacker-Chemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Butylacetone. See Methyl n-amyl ketone Butyl alcohol CAS 71-36-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-751-6 UN 1120 (DOT); FEMA 2178 Synonyms: Butanol; 1-Butanol; Butan-1-ol; nButanol; n-Butyl alcohol; Butyl hydroxide; Butyric alcohol; 1-Hydroxybutane; Methylolpropane; Propyl carbinol; Propylmethanol Classification: Primary aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C4H10O Formula: CH3(CH2)2CH2OH Properties: Colorless clear mobile liq., char. penetrating vinous odor; sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether, many org. solvs.; m.w. 74.14; sp.gr. 0.8109 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 5.5 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. -90 C; b.p. 117.7 C; flash pt. 35 C; ref. index 1.3993 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/CL 50 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 790 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 377 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3400 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by skin contact, ing., subcut., IP routes; skin and severe eye irritant; CNS depressant; TSCA listed 946

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Environmental: BOD5 1.66; COD 2.46; ThOD 2.59 Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; mod. explosive exposed to flame; incompat. with oxidizing materials, aluminum, chromium trioxides; increased fire and explosion hazard; reacts at elevated temps. with Al Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight Uses: Diluent in colorants for confectionery, tableted food supplements, gum; solvent in prod. of hops for beer brewing; Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages, cream Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.515, 172.560, 175.105, 175.320, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1440, 177.1650, 177.2800; 27CFR §21.99; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL; SARA §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; VOC Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMC Chems.; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/ Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Chisso Am.; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fisher Scientific Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Jilin Chem. Ind. http://www.jcic.com.cn; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nippon Syn. Chem. Ind.; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ 2-Butyl alcohol. See 2-Butanol n-Butyl alcohol. See Butyl alcohol s-Butyl alcohol. See 2-Butanol n-Butylaldehyde. See n-Butyraldehyde Butylaldehyde diethyl acetal. See Butyraldehyde diethyl acetal Butylamine. See n-Butylamine n-Butylamine CAS 109-73-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-699-2 UN 1125 (DOT); FEMA 3130 Synonyms: Amine C4; 1-Aminobutane; 1Butanamine; Butylamine; MNBA; Monobutylamine; Mono-n-butylamine Classification: Saturated aliphatic amine Empirical: C4H11N Formula: CH3(CH2)3NH2 Properties: Colorless liq., amine odor; very sol. 947

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference in acetone; sol. in benzene, ethanol, ether, water; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 73.14; dens. 0.7327; m.p. -50 C; b.p. 78 C; flash pt. (OC) -1.1 C; ref. index 1.4010 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/CL 5 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 366 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 629 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 198 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 850 mg/kg; poison by ing., skin contact, IV routes; mod. toxic by inh., IP routes; potent irritant to eyes, mucous membranes; direct skin contact causes severe primary irritation and blistering; experimental tumorigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 2.24; ThOD 2.63 Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; explodes on contact with perchloryl fluoride Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Refrigerate; may be heat- and airsensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fishy pungent flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; CERCLA hazardous substance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Daicel Chem. Ind. http://www.daicel.co.jp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Butyl-2-aminobenzoate; Butyl-o-aminobenzoate. See Butyl anthranilate Butyl anthranilate CAS 7756-96-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-816-7 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 2181 Synonyms: 2-Aminobenzoic acid, butyl ester; Benzoic acid, 2-amino-, butyl ester; Butyl-2aminobenzoate; Butyl-o-aminobenzoate; nButyl anthranilate Empirical: C11H15NO2 Properties: Lt. yel. to dk. brn. liq.; pleasant grape odor, wh. flower note; sol. in alcohol, DMSO; insol. in water; m.w. 193.25; sp.gr. 1.060 (15.5 C); m.p. < 0 C; b.p. 182 C; flash pt. 110 C; ref. index 1.5420 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf.-water Precaution: Probably combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; will hydrolyze under high and low pH conditions Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Sensitive to air and light; store in cool, well-ventilated area in tightly closed container under an inert atmosphere; refrigerate Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com n-Butyl anthranilate. See Butyl anthranilate Butylated hydroxyanisole. See BHA Butylated hydroxymethyl phenol. See 4Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol Butylated hydroxytoluene. See BHT Butyl benzene acetate. See Butyl phenylacetate Butyl benzyl ether; n-Butyl benzyl ether. See Benzyl butyl ether n-Butyl n-butanoate. See Butyl butyrate Butyl O-butanoyl lactate. See Butyl butyryl lactate Butyl 2-butenoate; Butyl (2E)-2-butenoate. See Butyl crotonate Butyl butyrate CAS 109-21-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-656-8 UN 3272; FEMA 2186 948

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: n-Butyl n-butanoate; n-Butyl butyrate; n-Butyl n-butyrate; Butyric acid, butyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2COO(CH2)3CH3 Properties: Colorless liq., pineapple odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, veg. oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol, water; m.w. 144.24; dens. 0.67-0.871; vapor pressure 1.81 mm Hg; vapor dens. 4.9; b.p. 166 C; flash pt. 53 C; ref. index 1.405 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 9520 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 2300 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP; mildly toxic by ing.; mod. irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes; narcotic in high concs.; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 2.44 Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Apple, banana, berry, peach, pear-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Hercules http://www.herc.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com n-Butyl butyrate; n-Butyl n-butyrate. See Butyl butyrate Butyl butyrolactate. See Butyl butyryl lactate Butyl γ-butyrolactone. See Butyl levulinate γ-n-Butyl-γ-butyrolactone. See γ-Octalactone Butyl butyrol lactate. See Butyl butyryl lactate Butyl butyryl lactate CAS 7492-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-326-3 FEMA 2190 Synonyms: Butanoic acid-2-butoxy-1-methyl2-oxoethyl ester; Butyl O-butanoyl lactate; Butyl butyrolactate; Butyl butyrol lactate; nButyl n-butyryl lactate; Butyric acid ester with butyl lactate; Butyryllactic acid butyl ester; Lactic acid, butyl ester, butyrate Classification: lactate ester Empirical: C11H20O4 Properties: Colorless liq., creamy buttery odor; sol. in oxygenated solvs., propylene glycol; misc. with alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 216.28; dens. 0.970; vapor dens. 7.4; b.p. 90 C (2 mm); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.420 Toxicology: Primary irritant; skin, eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear protective gloves, splash-proof eye goggles Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits COx, acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com 949

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com n-Butyl n-butyryl lactate. See Butyl butyryl lactate Butyl caproate; Butyl capronate. See Butyl hexanoate dl-s-Butylcarbinol. See 2-Methyl-1-butanol n-Butyl carbinol. See n-Amyl alcohol s-Butyl carbinol. See 2-Methyl-1-butanol Butyl carbobutoxymethyl phthalate. See n-Butyl phthalyl-n-butyl glycolate α-Butylcinnamaldehyde CAS 7492-44-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-320-0 FEMA 2191 Synonyms: 2-Benzylidene hexanal; Butyl cinnamic aldehyde; α-Butyl cinnamic aldehyde; α-Butyl-β-phenylacrolein; 2(Phenylmethylene) hexanal Empirical: C13H16O Formula: C6H5CH=C(C4H9)CHO Properties: Pale yel. liq., lily-like odor; m.w. 188.27; sp.gr. 0.825 (15.5 C); b.p. 265 C; flash pt. > 200 F; ref. index 1.563-1.569 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4400 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com Butyl cinnamate CAS 538-65-8; EINECS/ELINCS 208-699-6 FEMA 2192 Synonyms: n-Butyl cinnamate; Butyl β-phenyl acrylate; n-Butyl phenylacrylate; Butyl 3phenyl propenoate; Butyl 3-phenyl-2propenoate; Cinnamic acid-n-butyl ester Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C13H16O2 Properties: Colorless, mobile liq., cocoa-like odor; sol. in 95% alcohol, chloroform, benzene, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 204.27; sp.gr. 1.007-1.013; vapor dens. 7; b.p. 279280 C (@ 1013 mBar); flash pt. (CC) > 99 C; ref. index 1.541-1.546 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin, eye irritant Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com n-Butyl cinnamate. See Butyl cinnamate Butyl cinnamic aldehyde; α-Butyl cinnamic aldehyde. See α-Butylcinnamaldehyde Butyl crotonate CAS 7299-91-4 Synonyms: 2-Butenoic acid, butyl ester; (E)-2Butenoic acid butyl ester; Butyl 2butenoate; Butyl (2E)-2-butenoate; Butyl crotonate; Crotonic acid, n-butyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C8H14O2 Properties: M.w. 142.1974; flash pt. (CC) 61 C Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com; TCI Am. 950

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.tciamerica.com Butyl crotonate. See Butyl crotonate Butyl 2-decenoate CAS 7492-45-7 FEMA 2194 Synonyms: n-Butyl decylenate; 2-Decenoic acid butyl ester Empirical: C14H26O2 Properties: Colorless liq., peach/apricot odor, fruity green taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 226.36 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com n-Butyl decylenate. See Butyl 2-decenoate 5-Butyl-dihydro-furan-2-one. See γ-Octalactone 5-t-Butyl-1,3-dinitro-4-methoxy-2methylbenzene; 4-t-Butyl-2,6-dinitro-3methoxytoluene. See Musk ambrette Butyl dodecanoate; Butyl dodecylate. See Butyl laurate Butylene glycol CAS 107-88-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-529-7 Synonyms: 1,3-Butanediol; Butane-1,3-diol; 1,3-Butylene glycol; β-Butylene glycol; 1,3Dihydroxybutane; Methyltrimethylene glycol Classification: Aliphatic diol; polyhydric alcohol Empirical: C4H10O2 Formula: HOCH2CH2CHOHCH3 Properties: Pract. colorless visc. liq., sweet flavor with bitter aftertaste; sol. in water, alcohol, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 90.12; dens. 1.004-1.006 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 0.06 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. < -50 C; b.p. 207.5 C; flash pt. 121 C; ref. index 1.4401 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 23 g/kg, (subcut., rat) 20 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 10,276 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 20 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing. and subcut. routes; primary eye irritant; temp. nervous system stimulation, depression; may cause gastric upset, drowsiness, respiratory failure, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

convulsions, kidney damage; reproductive effector; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 1.07 Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Food additive; solv. for natural and synthetic flavors in foods; formulation aid, processing aid in mfg. of sausage casings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.712, 173.220, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1680, 177.2420, 178.2010; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Kyowa Hakko USA http://www.kyowausa.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Quaker City Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com 1,3-Butylene glycol; β-Butylene glycol. See Butylene glycol Butylene hydrate. See 2-Butanol Butyl ethanoate. See n-Butyl acetate Butyl ethyl carbinol. See 3-Heptanol Butyl ethylene. See 1-Hexene o-Butyl ethylene glycol. See Butoxyethanol Butyl ethyl ketone; n-Butyl ethyl ketone. See 3Heptanone Butyl ethyl malonate CAS 17373-84-1 FEMA 2195 Synonyms: Butyl ethyl propane dioate; Ethyl butyl malonate; Malonic acid butyl ethyl 951

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ester; Propane dioic acid butyl ethyl ester Empirical: C9H16O4 Formula: (CH3)3CO2CCH2CO2C2H5 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 188.22; dens. 0.994; b.p. 222 C; acid no. 1 max.; flash pt. 189 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Lonza Ltd http://www.lonza.com t-Butyl ethyl malonate CAS 32864-38-3; EINECS/ELINCS 251-269-8 Synonyms: Ethyl t-butyl malonate; Malonic acid, t-butyl ethyl ester Empirical: C9H16O4 Formula: C2H5OOCCH2COOC(CH3)3 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 188.22; sp. gr. 0.994; b.p. 83-85 C Toxicology: May cause eye and skin irritation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in a cool, dry place in a tightly sealed container away from oxidizing agents Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Butyl ethyl propane dioate. See Butyl ethyl malonate Butyl formal. See n-Valeraldehyde Butyl formate CAS 592-84-7; EINECS/ELINCS 209-772-5 UN 1128 (DOT); FEMA 2196 Synonyms: n-Butyl formate; Formic acid butyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C5H10O2 Formula: HCOO(CH2)3CH3 Properties: Colorless liq., plum-like odor; sl. sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 102.14; dens. 0.892; m.p. -90 C; b.p. 106.8 C; flash pt. (CC) 64 C; ref. index 1.3890-1.3891 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 2656 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by inh.; human systemic effects by inh.; irritant; narcotic in high concs.; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Flamm. liq.; dangerous fire risk; incompat. with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com n-Butyl formate. See Butyl formate Butyl glycol; n-Butyl glycol. See Butoxyethanol Butyl glycolyl butyl phthalate. See n-Butyl phthalyl-n-butyl glycolate Butyl 10-hendecenoate. See Butyl 10undecenoate Butyl heptanoate CAS 5454-28-4; EINECS/ELINCS 226-707-6 FEMA 2199 Synonyms: Butyl heptoate; Butyl heptylate Empirical: C11H22O2 Properties: Colorless liq., sl. fruity odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 186.30; sp.gr. 0.85553; m.p. -68.4 C; b.p. 226.2 C; flash pt. 91 C; ref. index 1.42280 (20 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Apple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS 952

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Butyl heptoate; Butyl heptylate. See Butyl heptanoate Butyl (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadienoate. See Butyl sorbate Butyl hexanoate CAS 626-82-4; EINECS/ELINCS 210-964-6 FEMA 2201 Synonyms: Butyl caproate; Butyl capronate; n-Butyl hexanoate; Butyl hexylate; Hexanoic acid, butyl ester Empirical: C10H20O2 Properties: Liq., pineapple-like odor; m.w. 172.27; sp.gr. 0.8623; m.p. -63 to -64 C; b.p. 208 C; flash pt. 76 C; ref. index 1.4153 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes, COx Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly sealed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com n-Butyl hexanoate; Butyl hexylate. See Butyl hexanoate Butyl hydride. See Butane t-Butyl hydroquinone CAS 1948-33-0; EINECS/ELINCS 217-752-2 INS319 Synonyms: 2-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-1,4benzenediol; Mono-t-butyl hydroquinone; Mono-tertiarybutylhydroquinone; MTBHQ; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TBHQ Classification: Aromatic organic compd.; phenol; hydroquinone Empirical: C10H14O2 Properties: Wh. to lt. tan cryst. solid; sol. in ethyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, acetone, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 166.24; m.p. 126.5-128.5 C; flash pt. (COC) 171 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 700 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 300 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; tumorigen and mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Food additive; antioxidant, preservative, stabilizer for foods, beef patties, dry cereals, edible fats, margarine, dried meat, margarine, pizza toppings, potato chips, poultry, sausage, vegetable oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.185 (limitation 0.02% of oil), 177.2420; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (limitation 0.003% in dry sausage, 0.006% with BHA/BHT, 0.01% in rendered animal fat, 0.02% with BHA and/or BHT, 0.02% in margarine), 381.147 (limitation 0.01% on fat in poultry; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AECI http://www.aafc.co.za; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fallek; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mitsui & Co. USA http://www.mitsui.com Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Skymart Enterprises Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; UOP http://www.uop.com; Universal Preserv-AChem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Trade Names: Tenox® TBHQ Trade Names Containing: Alphadim® 90VCK; Antrancine® 220; Avox™ 20; Avox™ 20A; Avox™ 20B 953

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Avox™ 21; Avox™ 21; Avox™ 22; Avox™ 25; Avox™ 27 BFP 64K; DPO™ 100; Novomega™; OmegaPure® Refined Menhaden Oil; ProKote™ C ProKote™ VS; Starplex® 90; Tenox® 20; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 20B Tenox® 21; Tenox® 22; Tenox® 25; Tenox® 26; TroKote™ V 2-t-Butylhydroquinone methyl ether. See 3-tButyl-4-hydroxyanisole Butyl hydroxide. See Butyl alcohol Butylhydroxyanisole; 2(3)-t-Butyl-4hydroxyanisole. See BHA 3-t-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole CAS 121-00-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-442-7 Synonyms: 3-BHA; 2-t-Butylhydroquinone methyl ether; 2-t-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol; 2(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-4-methoxyphenol; 4Hydroxy-3-t-butylanisole; 4-Methoxy-2-tbutylphenol; Phenol, (1,1-dimethylethyl)-4methoxyEmpirical: C11H16O2 Properties: Solid; m.w. 180.27; m.p. 59-63 C; flash pt. > 110 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2910 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 32 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; may cause irritation to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; tumorigen and mutagen; questionable carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Antioxidant for foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium t-Butylhydroxyanisole; t-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole. See BHA Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; n-Butyl 4hydroxybenzoate. See Butylparaben n-Butyl o-hydroxybenzoate. See Butyl salicylate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

n-Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate. See Butylparaben Butyl o-hydroxybenzoate. See Butyl salicylate Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate. See Butylparaben n-Butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate potassium salt. See Potassium butyl paraben 4-Butyl-4-hydroxyoctanoic acid, γ-lactone. See 4,4-Dibutyl-γ-butyrolactone Butyl 2-hydroxypropanoate; Butyl αhydroxypropionate; n-Butyl-S(-)-2hydroxypropionate. See Butyl lactate Butyl-(S)-(-)-2-hydroxy propionate; Butyl-(S)-2hydroxy propionate. See Butyl-(S)-lactate 3-Butylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone; Butylidene phthalide. See 3Butylidenephthalide 3-Butylidenephthalide CAS 551-08-6; EINECS/ELINCS 208-991-3 FEMA 3333 Synonyms: 3-Butylidene-1(3H)isobenzofuranone; Butylidene phthalide; 3n-Butylidene phthalide; n-Butylidene phthalide; 1(3H)-Isobenzofuranone, 3butylidene-; Ligusticum lactone Empirical: C12H12O2 Properties: Yel. oily liq.; celery-like odor and taste; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 188.23; sp.gr. 1.1100-1.1102; dens. 9.2479.249 lb/gal; b.p. 319-321 C; flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.577 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1850 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; harmful by ing.; may be harmful by inh., skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, spice flavors, soup flavors, cigarettes Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd 954

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-n-Butylidene phthalide; n-Butylidene phthalide. See 3-Butylidenephthalide Butyl isobutyrate CAS 97-87-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-614-6 UN 3272; FEMA 2188 Synonyms: Butyl 2-methylpropanoate; n-Butyl 2-methyl propanoate; Butyl 2methylpropionate Empirical: C8H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity odor, pineapple taste; misc. with alcohol, ether, fixed oils; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 144.21; dens. 0.862; vapor dens. 4.9; b.p. 155156 C; flash pt. 110 F; ref. index 1.4025 Toxicology: Eye, skin, respiratory system irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Apple, banana-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com n-Butyl isopentanoate. See n-Butyl isovalerate Butyl isophenyl acetate. See Isobutyl phenylacetate Butyl isovalerate; 1-Butyl isovalerate. See nButyl isovalerate n-Butyl isovalerate CAS 109-19-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-654-7 UN 3272; FEMA 2218 Synonyms: n-Butyl isopentanoate; Butyl isovalerate; 1-Butyl isovalerate; Butyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

isovalerianate; Butyl 3-methylbutanoate; Butyl 3-methylbutyrate; Isovaleric acid butyl ester; 3-Methylbutanoic acid, butyl ester Empirical: C9H18O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., fruity odor; misc. with alcohol, fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 158.27; dens. 0.851-0.857; vapor dens. 5.4; b.p. 150 C; flash pt. 58 C; ref. index 1.407 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8200 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin, eye, respiratory system irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear protective gloves, splashproof goggles; flamm. when exposed to heat, flames, sparks, oxidizers; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Apple, peach-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Butyl isovalerianate. See n-Butyl isovalerate Butyl-β-ketobutyrate. See Butyl acetoacetate Butyl lactate CAS 138-22-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-316-4 FEMA 2205 Synonyms: Butyl 2-hydroxypropanoate; Butyl α-hydroxypropionate; n-Butyl-S(-)-2hydroxypropionate; n-Butyl lactate; 2955

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hydroxypropanoic acid butyl ester; Lactic acid butyl ester; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy, butyl ester Classification: Lactate ester Empirical: C7H14O3 Formula: CH3CHOHCOOC4H9 Properties: Water-wh. liq., mild odor; misc. with many lacquer solvs., diluents, oils, alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; hydrolyzed in acids and alkalis; m.w. 146.19; dens. 0.974-0.984 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 0.4 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. -43 C; b.p. 188 C; flash pt. (TOC) 75.5 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 ppm; LD50 (subcut., rat) 12 g/kg; LDLo (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by IP route; skin irritant; toxic conc. 4 ppm in air (humans); TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; COD 1.97; ThOD 1.97; Nonozone depleting Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com Ciba Spec. Chems./Water & Paper; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; Kaltron/Pettibone http://www.kaltron.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com; PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Butyl L-lactate. See Butyl-(S)-lactate n-Butyl lactate. See Butyl lactate n-Butyl-(S)-lactate. See Butyl-(S)-lactate Butyl-(S)-lactate CAS 34451-19-9; EINECS/ELINCS 252-036-3 Synonyms: Butyl-(S)-(-)-2-hydroxy propionate; Butyl-(S)-2-hydroxy propionate; Butyl Llactate; n-Butyl-(S)-lactate; Butyl-(S)-(-)lactate; Lactic acid butyl ester Classification: Lactate ester Empirical: C7H14O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sweet fruity fermented odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 146.19; sp.gr. 0.97800-0.99200; dens. 8.1388.254 lb/gal; m.p. -28 C; b.p. 185-187 C; flash pt. 157 F; ref. index 1.4190-1.429 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (subcut., rat) 12 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; vapor/mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from heat, open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Solvent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Trade Names: Purasolv® BL Butyl-(S)-(-)-lactate. See Butyl-(S)-lactate Butyl laevulinate; n-Butyl laevulinate. See Butyl levulinate Butyl laurate CAS 106-18-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-370-3 FEMA 2206 Synonyms: Butyl dodecanoate; Butyl dodecylate; dodecanoic acid butyl ester; Lauric acid butyl ester Empirical: C16H32O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)10COO(CH2)3CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 256.43; dens. 0.860 (20/4 956

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference C); m.p. -7 C; b.p. 194 C (30 mm); ref. index 1.435 (20 C) Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 177.2600; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; NOF Am.; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Butyl levulinate CAS 2052-15-5; EINECS/ELINCS 218-143-4 FEMA 2207 Synonyms: Butyl γ-butyrolactone; Butyl laevulinate; n-Butyl laevulinate; n-Butyl levulinate; Butyl 4-oxopentanoate; 4Ketopentanoic acid butyl ester; Levulinic acid, butyl ester; Pentanoic acid, 4-oxo-, butyl ester Empirical: C9H16O3 Properties: Liq., bitter taste; sol. in ether, alcohol, chloroform; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 172.23; dens. 0.974; b.p. 238 C; flash pt. 197 F; ref. index 1.4283 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

n-Butyl levulinate. See Butyl levulinate Butyl mercaptan; 1-Butyl mercaptan. See nButyl mercaptan n-Butyl mercaptan CAS 109-79-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-705-3 UN 2347 (DOT); FEMA 3478 Synonyms: Butanethiol; 1-Butanethiol; nButanethiol; Butyl mercaptan; 1-Butyl mercaptan; n-Butyl thioalcohol; 1Mercaptobutane; Thiobutanol; Thiobutylalcohol Classification: Alkyl mercaptan Empirical: C4H10S Formula: n-C4H9SH Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; strong offensive garlic or skunk-like odor; very sol. in alcohol, ether, liq. hydrogen sulfide; sl. sol. in oils; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 90.19; dens. 0.8365 (25/4 C); m.p. -116 C; b.p. 98 C; flash pt. (TCC) -7 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.5 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 1500 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 399 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by inh. and ing.; eye irritant; sl. skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, sparks, oxidizers; incompat. with strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, strong acids, alkali metals, nitric acid; violent reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Reaction with strong acids can produce toxic fumes of hydrogen sulfide; heated to decomp., emits toxic SOx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; ground drums and bond transfer containers Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, meats, soups, condiments, pickles, seasonings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd 957

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-t-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol. See 3-t-Butyl-4hydroxyanisole t-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol. See BHA Butyl 2-methylbutanoate. See N-Butyl-2methylbutyrate Butyl 3-methylbutanoate; Butyl 3methylbutyrate. See n-Butyl isovalerate N-Butyl-2-methylbutyrate CAS 15706-73-7; 51115-64-1; EINECS/ELINCS 239-798-2 UN 3272; UN 1993; FEMA 3393 Synonyms: Butyl 2-methylbutanoate Empirical: C9H18O2 Formula: C2H5CH(CH3)CO2(CH2)3CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; green grassy, fruity cocoa odor; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 158.24; sp.gr. 0.859-0.866 (20 C); vapor dens. 5.4; dens. 7.156-7.214 lb/gal; m.p. 174176 C; b.p. 174-175 C; flash pt. (CC) 57 C; ref. index 1.405-1.411 (20 C) Toxicology: Eye irritant; may cause respiratory system irritation; causes defatting to skin; may cause stomach pain, vomiting; TSCA listed Environmental: do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds, public waters Precaution: Flamm.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, acrid fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, preserves, spreads Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 6-t-Butyl-3-methyl-2,4-dinitroanisole. See Musk ambrette 2,6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol. See BHT Butyl 2-methylpropanoate; n-Butyl 2-methyl propanoate; Butyl 2-methylpropionate. See Butyl isobutyrate Butyl monosulfide. See Butyl sulfide Butyl octadecanoate; n-Butyl octadecanoate. See Butyl stearate Butyl oleate sulfate; Butyl oleate, sulfated. See Sulfated butyl oleate Butyloxepanone CAS 5579-78-2; EINECS/ELINCS 226-963-9 FEMA 3613 Synonyms: 7-Butyloxepan-2-one; εDecalactone; 6-Decanolide; 7-Oxepanone, 7-butylClassification: Lactone Empirical: C10H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 170.25; dens. 0.976 g/ml; b.p. 117 C (3 mm Hg); flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.461 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 5252 mg/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; vapor or mist is irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 7-Butyloxepan-2-one. See Butyloxepanone Butyl-3-oxobutanoate. See Butyl acetoacetate Butyl 4-oxopentanoate. See Butyl levulinate

958

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Butylparaben CAS 94-26-8; EINECS/ELINCS 202-318-7 FEMA 2203 Synonyms: Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; n-Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; n-Butyl phydroxybenzoate; Butyl phydroxybenzoate; Butyl parasept; 4Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester; pHydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester; Parasept Definition: Ester of butyl alcohol and phydroxybenzoic acid Empirical: C11H14O3 Properties: Colorless or wh. cryst. powd.; freely sol. in acetone, alcohols, ether, chloroform, propylene glycol; very sl. sol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 194.22; m.p. 68-72 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 13,200 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 230 mg/kg; poison by IP route; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Preserve in well-closed containers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Preservative for foods; synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; EPA registered; Japan approved (0.012-1 g/kg as p-hydroxybenzoic acid); Europe listed; approved for injectables, orals, rectals, topicals; NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AcmeHardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Air Products San Fu http://www.airproducts.com.tw/; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com Eigenmann & Veronelli http://www.eigver.it; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; ISP Sutton Labs Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Kraft Chem. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/ HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vevy http://www.vevy.com/VevyEurope.aspx Trade Names: Nipabutyl Trade Names Containing: Nipastat® Butylparaben, potassium salt. See Potassium butyl paraben Butylparaben, sodium salt. See Sodium butylparaben Butyl parasept. See Butylparaben n-Butyl pentanoate. See Butyl valerate Butyl phenylacetate CAS 122-43-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-543-6 FEMA 2209 Synonyms: Acetic acid, phenyl-, butyl ester; Benzeneacetic acid, butyl ester; Butyl benzene acetate; n-Butyl phenyl acetate; Butyl α-toluate; Phenylethanoic acid butyl ester Empirical: C12H16O2 Formula: C4H9OOCCH2C6H5 Properties: Colorless liq., honey-like odor; sol. in 2 vols. 80% alcohol; m.w. 192.26; dens. 0.9910.994 (25/25 C); b.p. 260 C; flash pt. 74 C; ref. index 1.488-1.490 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, 959

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference puddings Features: Honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com See also Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal n-Butyl phenyl acetate. See Butyl phenylacetate 4-t-Butylphenylacetic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl p-t-butylphenylacetate α-Butyl-β-phenylacrolein. See αButylcinnamaldehyde Butyl β-phenyl acrylate; n-Butyl phenylacrylate; Butyl 3-phenyl propenoate; Butyl 3-phenyl-2propenoate. See Butyl cinnamate 4-t-Butylphenyl salicylate. See p-t-Butylphenyl salicylate p-t-Butylphenyl salicylate CAS 87-18-3 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, 4-(1,1dimethylethyl) phenyl ester; 4-t-Butylphenyl salicylate; TBS Empirical: C17H18O3 Formula: (CH3)3CC6H4OOCC6H4OH Properties: Off-wh. cryst., odorless; sol. in alcohol, ethyl acetate, toluene; insol. in water; m.w. 270.13; m.p. 62-64 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2900 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 181.27 Manuf./Distrib.: ChemService http://www.chemservice.com Trade Names: Seesorb 202 Butyl phthalate butyl glycolate; Butyl phthalyl butyl glycolate (INCI). See n-Butyl phthalyl-nbutyl glycolate n-Butyl phthalyl-n-butyl glycolate CAS 85-70-1; EINECS/ELINCS 201-624-8 Synonyms: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 2Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

butoxy-2-oxoethyl, butyl ester; BPBG; Butyl carbobutoxymethyl phthalate; Butyl glycolyl butyl phthalate; Butyl phthalate butyl glycolate; Butyl phthalyl butyl glycolate (INCI); Dibutyl-o-(ocarboxybenzoyl) glycolate; Dibutyl-ocarboxybenzoyloxyacetate; Glycolic acid, butyl ester, butyl phthalate; Glycolic acid, phthalate, dibutyl ester; Phthalic acid, butoxycarbonylmethyl butyl ester; Phthalic acid, butyl ester, butyl glycolate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C18H24O6 Formula: C4H9OOCC6H4COOCH2COOC4H9 Properties: Colorless liq., odorless; insol. in water; m.w. 336.42; dens. 1.093-1.103 (25/25 C); b.p. 219 C (5 mm); flash pt. 390 F; ref. index 1.4880; extremely light-stable Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7 g/kg, (IP, rat) 6889 mg/kg; mildly toxic by IP; eye irritant; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid and irritating fumes Uses: Plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 181.22, 181.27 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com Butyl propanoate; Butyl propionate. See n-Butyl propionate n-Butyl propionate CAS 590-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 209-669-5 UN 1914 (DOT); FEMA 2211 Synonyms: Butyl propanoate; Butyl propionate; Propanoic acid butyl ester Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: CH3CH2COOC4H9 Properties: Colorless liq., earthy faintly sweet odor, apricot-like taste; very sol. in alcohol, ether; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 130.19; dens. 0.8754 (20/4 C); f.p. 32 C; m.p. -89 C; b.p. 145-146 C; flash pt. 90 F; ref. index 1.401 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5000 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerously flamm. 960

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with oxidizers, reducers; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Banana-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com Butyl rubber. See Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer Butyl salicylate CAS 2052-14-4; EINECS/ELINCS 218-142-9 FEMA 3650 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, butyl ester; n-Butyl o-hydroxybenzoate; Butyl ohydroxybenzoate; n-Butyl salicylate; 2Hydroxybenzoic acid, butyl ester; Nefolia; Salicylic acid n-butyl ester Empirical: C11H14O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in in organic solvents and oils; insol. in water and glycerol; sp. gr. 1.070-1.080; m.w. 194.23; ref. index 1.508-1.520 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages, chewing gum Features: Rough, herbaceous, chemical odor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ICN Biomed. Research Prods. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com n-Butyl salicylate. See Butyl salicylate Butyl sorbate CAS 7367-78-4 Synonyms: Butyl (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadienoate; 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, butyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C10H16O2 Properties: M.w. 168.2352; flash pt. (CC) 100 C Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Butyl stearate CAS 123-95-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-666-5 FEMA 2214 Synonyms: Butyl octadecanoate; n-Butyl octadecanoate; n-Butyl stearate; Octadecanoic acid butyl ester Definition: Ester of butyl alcohol and stearic acid Empirical: C22H44O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COO(CH2)3CH3 Properties: Colorless liq., solidifying @ 19 C; pract. odorless; sol. in alcohol, ether, hydrocarbon oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 340.60; dens. 0.86 (20/4 C); m.p. 17-22 C; b.p. 343 C; flash pt. (CC) 160 C; ref. index 1.4430 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 32 g/kg; low toxicity by ing.; skin irritant; experimental reproductive data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Syn. flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages; in defoamers for beet sugar and yeast processing; plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.27; FDA approved for topicals; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock 961

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com Amerchol http://www.dow.com/ucc/amerchol/index.ht m; Anar http://anarsoapandchemical.com/; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com Chemol; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Inolex http://www.inolex.com Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kenrich Petrochems. http://www.westnet.com/~kpiemm/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; NOF Am.; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Phoenix http://www.phoenix-chem.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Unitex http://www.unitexchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com n-Butyl stearate. See Butyl stearate Butyl sulfide CAS 544-40-1; EINECS/ELINCS 208-870-5 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 2215 Synonyms: Butyl monosulfide; n-Butyl sulfide; Butylthiobutane; Dibutyl sulfide; nDibutyl sulfide; Dibutyl thioether; 5Thianonane; 1,1´-Thiobisbutane Classification: Nonaromatic mercaptan Empirical: C8H18S Formula: CH3(CH2)3S(CH2)3CH3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; very sol. in alcohol, ether; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 146.30; sp. gr. 0.839; vapor dens. 5; m.p. -80 C; b.p. 182 C; flash pt. (CC) 76 C; ref. index 1.4530 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2220 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; LCLo (inh. mouse) 1800 mg/m3; mod. toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; irritating to eyes, respiratory system; TSCA listed Environmental: keep out of sewers, water sources Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Green, vegetative, onion garlic, horseradish, savory taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Hofmen Int'l. http://www.hofmeninternational.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com n-Butyl sulfide. See Butyl sulfide n-Butyl thioalcohol. See n-Butyl mercaptan Butylthiobutane. See Butyl sulfide Butyl α-toluate. See Butyl phenylacetate Butyl undecenoate. See Butyl 10-undecenoate 962

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Butyl 10-undecenoate CAS 109-42-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-670-4 FEMA 2216 Synonyms: Butyl 10-hendecenoate; Butyl undecenoate; Butyl undecylenoate; 10Undecenoic acid, butyl ester Empirical: C15H28O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 240.39; sp.gr. 0.8751 (20 C); b.p. 125-128 C (3 mm); ref. index 1.4426 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, icings Features: Fatty butter, wine, floral, fruity odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Butyl undecylenoate. See Butyl 10-undecenoate Butyl valerate CAS 591-68-4; EINECS/ELINCS 209-728-5 FEMA 2217 Synonyms: n-Butyl pentanoate; n-Butyl valerate; n-Butyl-n-valerianate Empirical: C9H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity odor; sol. in propylene glycol, most org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.868 (20 C); vapor dens. 5.4; b.p. 186-187 C; flash pt. 152 F; ref. index 1.408-1.416 Toxicology: Eye, skin, respiratory system irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: keep run-off water out of sewers, water sources Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Apple, raspberry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Oxford Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com n-Butyl valerate; n-Butyl-n-valerianate. See Butyl valerate Butynoic acid, 3-phenyl-2-propenyl ester. See Cinnamyl butyrate Butyral; Butyraldehyde. See n-Butyraldehyde n-Butyraldehyde CAS 123-72-8; EINECS/ELINCS 204-646-6 UN 1129 (DOT); FEMA 2219 Synonyms: Butal; Butaldehyde; Butalyde; Butanal; n-Butanal; n-Butylaldehyde; Butyral; Butyraldehyde; Butyric aldehyde Classification: Aldehyde Empirical: C4H8O Formula: CH3CH2CH2CHO Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in water; misc. with ether @ 75 C, org. solvs.; m.w. 72.10; sp.gr. 0.800; m.p. -99 C; f.p. 12 F; b.p. 75-76 C; flash pt. (CC) 20 F; ref. index 1.3843 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2490 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 800 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3560 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 8000 ppm; mod. toxic by ing., inh., skin contact, IP, and subcut. routes; severe skin and eye irritant; delayed hypersensitivity; suspected carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat and flame; incompat. with oxidizing materials; reacts vigorously with chlorosulfonic acid, HNO3, H2SO4 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 3, Reactivity 2 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages, icings Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 176.170; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit 963

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chisso Am.; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Butyraldehyde diethyl acetal CAS 3658-95-5 Synonyms: Butane, 1,1-diethoxy-; Butylaldehyde diethyl acetal; nButyraldehyde diethyl acetal; 1,1Diethoxybutane Classification: Ether Empirical: C8H18O2 Properties: M.w. 146.229; flash pt. (CC) 30 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Hofmen Int'l. http://www.hofmeninternational.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com n-Butyraldehyde diethyl acetal. See Butyraldehyde diethyl acetal Butyraldehyde, 2-ethyl-. See 2Ethylbutyraldehyde Butyraldehyde, 2-methyl-. See 2Methylbutyraldehyde Butyraldehyde propylene glycol acetal CAS 4352-99-2; EINECS/ELINCS 224-420-0 Synonyms: 4-Methyl-2-proyl-1,3-dioxolane; 2Propyl-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane Classification: Ether Empirical: C7H14O2 Properties: M.w. 130.2; sp.gr. 0.906; b.p. 137 C; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flash pt. (CC) 31.66 C; ref. index 1.412 (20 C) Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Butyric acid. See n-Butyric acid n-Butyric acid CAS 107-92-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-532-3 UN 2820 (DOT); FEMA 2221 Synonyms: Butanic acid; Butanoic acid; nButanoic acid; Butyric acid; Carboxylic acid C4; Ethylacetic acid; 1-Propanecarboxylic acid; Propylformic acid Classification: Aliphatic carboxylic acid Empirical: C4H8O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2COOH Properties: Colorless liq., strong rancid butter odor; sol. in water, alcohol, ether; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 88.12; dens. 0.9590 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 0.84 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. -5.5 C; m.p. -7.9 C; b.p. 163.5 C; flash pt. 72 C; ref. index 1.397 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2940 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 3180 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 3180 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 800 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 530 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, subcut., IP, and IV routes; severe skin and eye irritant; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds, public waters Precaution: Corrosive material; combustible liq.; may react with oxidizers; incandescent reaction with chromium trioxide above 100 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum 964

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Food additive; synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, margarine, animal feeds Features: Pungent flavor, reminiscent of rancid butter Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §178.2010, 184.1784, 182.60, 582.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Butyric acid, allyl ester. See Allyl butyrate Butyric acid alpha-ethyl benzyl ester. See αEthylbenzyl butyrate Butyric acid, benzyl ester. See Benzyl butyrate Butyric acid, 2-bornyl ester. See Bornyl butyrate Butyric acid, butyl ester. See Butyl butyrate Butyric acid, cinnamyl ester. See Cinnamyl butyrate Butyric acid, cyclohexyl ester. See Cyclohexyl butyrate Butyric acid decyl ester. See Decyl butyrate Butyric acid, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl ester. See Geranyl butyrate Butyric acid, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenyl ester. See Rhodinyl butyrate Butyric acid ester with butyl lactate. See Butyl butyryl lactate Butyric acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl butyrate Butyric acid furfuryl ester. See Furfuryl butyrate Butyric acid, heptyl ester. See Heptyl butyrate Butyric acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl butyrate Butyric acid, 3-hydroxy-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate Butyric acid isoamyl ester. See Isoamyl butyrate Butyric acid isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl butyrate Butyric acid lactone. See Butyrolactone Butyric acid linalyl ester. See Linalyl butyrate Butyric acid, 2-methyl-. See 2-Methylbutyric acid Butyric acid, methyl ester. See Methyl butyrate Butyric acid, 2-methyl-, phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl-2-methylbutyrate Butyric acid, 1-pentylallyl ester. See 1-Octen-3yl butyrate Butyric acid phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl butyrate Butyric acid, 4-phenyl-, methyl ester. See Methyl 4-phenylbutyrate Butyric acid, propyl ester. See Propyl butyrate Butyric acid tetrahydrofurfuryl ester. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate Butyric acid triester with glycerin. See 965

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Tributyrin Butyric acid, 1-vinylhexyl ester. See 1-Octen-3yl butyrate Butyric alcohol. See Butyl alcohol Butyric aldehyde. See n-Butyraldehyde Butyric ether. See Ethyl butyrate Butyrin. See Tributyrin Butyris lac; Butyris lac powder. See Buttermilk powder Butyroin. See 5-Hydroxy-4-octanone Butyrolactone CAS 96-48-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-509-5 FEMA 3291 Synonyms: BLO; 1,2-Butanolide; 1,4Butanolide; Butyric acid lactone; 4Butyrolactone; α-Butyrolactone; γButyrolactone; Butyryl lactone; 4Deoxytetronic acid; Dihydro-2(3H)furanone; GBL; 4-Hydroxybutanoic acid lactone; γ-Hydroxybutyric acid cyclic ester; 4-Hydroxybutyric acid γ-lactone; γHydroxybutyric acid lactone; γHydroxybutyrolactone; Tetrahydro-2furanone Classification: Lactone Empirical: C4H6O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., mild caramel odor; sol. in methanol, ethanol, acetone, ether, benzene; misc. with water; insol. in aliphatic hydrocarbons; m.w. 86.09; dens. 1.120; m.p. 45 C; b.p. 204-205 C; flash pt. (OC) 98 C; ref. index 1.4348; volatile with steam; hydrolyzed by hot alcohol sol'ns. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1800 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion, IV, IP routes; suspected carcinogen, tumorigen; experimental reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 1.67 Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, meats, soups, dairy prods., soy milk, cereals Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com BASF http://www.basf.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; G.J. Chem. http://www.gjchemical.com/ Gelest http://www.gelest.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Honeywell Spec. Chems. http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index.js p; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/ Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Quaker City R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ 4-Butyrolactone; α-Butyrolactone; γButyrolactone. See Butyrolactone Butyrone. See 4-Heptanone Butyryllactic acid butyl ester. See Butyl butyryl lactate Butyryl lactone. See Butyrolactone Butyryl triglyceride. See Tributyrin Buxus chinensis. See Jojoba (Buxus chinensis) oil BVO. See Brominated soybean oil C-318. See Octafluorocyclobutane CA. See Cellulose triacetate; Carnosic acid Cacao butter. See Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) butter Cacao extract. See Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) extract Cacao resinoin. See Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) butter 966

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference C8 acid. See Caprylic acid

Cade oil rectified; Cade oils. See Cade oil

C8-10 acid triglyceride Uses: Lubricant for prod. of sausage casings and for machinery used in food and confectionery industries; emulsifier, stabilizer for sausages, soups, dressings, sauces; emulsifier for milk replacers (animal feed) Trade Names: Softenol® 3108

Cadinene CAS 29350-73-0; EINECS/ELINCS 249-580-9 Synonyms: Cadinenes; [1S-(1-α,4-α,4a-α,6α,8-[gab]]-Decahydro-1,6-dimethyl-4-(1methylethyl) naphthalene, didehydro deriv.; Sesquiterpene Classification: Sesquiterpene derived from essential oils Empirical: C15H26 Properties: Yel. clear oily liq.; char. odor; sol. (mg/ml): ≥ 100 mg/ml in 95% ethanol, acetone (21.5 C), 10-50 mg/ml in DMSO (21.5 C), < 1 mg/ml water (21 C); m.w. 206.41; sp.gr. 0.9080.925; vapor pressure 40 mm Hg (179.8 C); b.p. -120 C (9 mm Hg); flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.51-1.52 (20 C) Toxicology: Possible eye irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Sensitive to prolonged exposure to light; store refrigerated Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, candies, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com

Cactus root extract. See Yucca schidigera extract Cade oil CAS 8013-10-3 Synonyms: Cade oil rectified; Cade oils; Cadmium oil; Caparlem; Essence de Cade; Haarlem oil; Harlem oil; Holland blasam; Juniper tar; Juniper tar oil; Juniperus oxycedrus; Juniperus oxycedrus oil; Juniperus oxycedrus tar (INCI); Kadeoel; Kaparlem; Oleum cadium; Silver balsam; Silver drops; Tar, juniper; Tar, juniperus oxycedrus; Tilly drops Definition: Volatile oil from wood of Juniperus oxycedrus L.; chief constituent is cadinene, a sesquiterpene Properties: Yel. to dk. brn. oily liq.; char. smoky tar-like phenolic acrid odor; bitter taste; sol. in chloroform, amyl alcohol, glac. acetic acid, oil turpentine; partly sol. in alcohol or petrol. ether; very sl. sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.952-0.961; ref. index 1.5110-1.5200 (25 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8014 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; may cause gastritis, somnolence; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Features: Gin-like smoky flavor Regulatory: Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cadinenes. See Cadinene Cadmium oil. See Cade oil Caffeine CAS 58-08-2; EINECS/ELINCS 200-362-1 FEMA 2224 Synonyms: Coffeine; 3,7-Dihydro-1,3,7trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione; Guaranine; Methyltheobromide; Methyltheobromine; 1Methyltheobromine; 7-Methyltheophylline; 1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3.7-dihydro-1,3,7trimethyl-; Theine; 1,3,7-Trimethyl-2,6dioxopurine; 1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine Classification: Heterocyclic organic compd. Empirical: C8H10N4O2 Properties: Wh. fleecy mass, powd. or need., odorless, bitter taste; freely sol. in chloroform; sl. sol. in water, alcohol, ether; m.w. 194.22; dens. 1.23; m.p. 238 C; sublimes @ 178 C; pH neutral; hydrate is efflorescent in air Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 192 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 260 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 170 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 105 mg/kg; poison by ing., subcut., IV, IP, intramuscular, rectal routes; human poison 967

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference by ing.; human systemic effects; diuretic effect; can cause blood pressure/heart rate changes, heartburn, upset stomach, diarrhea; 200-500 mg can cause headache, tremors, nervousness, and irritability; human teratogen; mutagenic data; questionable carcinogen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Flavoring agent for cola and orange beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1180 (limitation 0.02%), GRAS; FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aarti Ind. Ltd http://www.aartigroup.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF http://www.basf.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Boehringer Ingelheim http://www.boehringeringelheim.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de CoKEM Assoc.; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; M.W. Int'l.; MLG Enterprises Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Natra US http://www.natraus.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; Quimdis R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SigmaAldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Caffeine nut extract. See Kola (Cola acuminata) extract Cajeputene. See l-Limonene; d-Limonene; dlLimonene Cajeputi oil. See Cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendron) oil Cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendron) oil CAS 8008-98-8 UN NA 1993; FEMA 2225 Synonyms: Cajeputi oil; Cajeput oil; Melaleuca leucadendron; Melaleuca leucadendron oil; Tea tree; White tea tree 968

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Volatile oil from fresh leaves and twigs of Melaleuca leucadendron, contg. 5060% eucalyptol and l-pinene, terpineol, and aldehydes Properties: Colorless of ylsh. liq., agreeable camphor odor, bitter aromatic taste; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether, CS2; very sl. sol. in water; sol. in 1 vol. 80% alcohol; dens. 0.9120.925; ref. index 1.4660-1.4710 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3870 mg/kg Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq. HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep well closed, cool, protected from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Cajeput oil. See Cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendron) oil Cajeputol. See Eucalyptol Cake alum. See Aluminum sulfate Calamus CAS 977022-90-4 FEMA 2226 Synonyms: Acorus calamus; Sweet flag Definition: Acorus calamus Uses: Flavoring agent prohibited in foods, formerly in beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages, bitters Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§189.110; prohibited in foods; FEMA GRAS delisted Calamus oil CAS 8015-79-0; EINECS/ELINCS 283-869-0 FEMA 2227 Synonyms: Acorus calamus; Acorus calamus oil; German calamus oil; Sweet flag oil Definition: Volatile oil from rhizome of Acorus calamus contg. eugenol, asarone, stearopten Properties: Yel. to ylsh.-brn. visc. liq., aromatic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

odor, bitter taste; misc. with alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.960-0.970 (20/20 C); acid no. 4.0 max.; sapon. no. 16-20; flash pt. 200 F; ref. index 1.507-1.515 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 777 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 221 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent prohibited in foods, formerly in beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages, vermouth, fortified wines Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §189.110, prohibited from use in food; FEMA GRAS delisted; Japan approved (calamus); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Calcia. See Calcium oxide Calciate (2-), ((ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetato)-, disodium. See Calcium disodium EDTA Calciferol. See Ergocalciferol Calcined alumina. See Alumina Calcined magnesia; Calcined magnesite. See Magnesium oxide Calcined soda. See Sodium carbonate Calciofon. See Calcium gluconate Calciol. See Cholecalciferol Calcite. See Calcium carbonate Calcium CAS 7440-70-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-179-5 UN 1401 (DOT) Classification: Alkaline-earth element Empirical: Ca Properties: Silver-wh. soft crystals; sol. in acid; a.w. 40.08; dens. 1.57; vapor pressure 10 mm 969

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference (983 C); m.p. 845 C; b.p. 1480 C; sublimes above m.p. in vacuum; hardness (Brinell) 17 Toxicology: Skin, eyes, mucous membrane irritant (fumes); TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. in finely divided state; fire and explosion hazard when heated or on contact with strong oxidizing agents; dangerous when wet; dec. in water to liberate hydrogen; incompat. with air NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 2 Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: COWCIUM® Natural Milk Calcium FG; TruCal® D7 Calcium abietate. See Calcium resinate Calcium acetate CAS 62-54-4 (anhyd.); 5743-26-0 (monohydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 200-540-9 FEMA 2228; INS263; E263 Synonyms: Acetate of lime; Brown acetate; Calcium diacetate; Gray acetate; Lime acetate; Lime pyrolignite; Vinegar salts Definition: Calcium salt of acetic acid Empirical: C4H6CaO4; C4H6CaO4 • H2O Formula: (CH3COO)2Ca (anhyd.) or (CH3COO)2Ca • H2O (monohydrate) Properties: Wh. powd., odorless or almost odorless, sl. bitter taste; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; pract. insol. in acetone, dehydrated alcohol, benzene; m.w. 158.18 (anhyd.), 176.17 (monohydrate); dens. 1.50; heated above 160 C, dec. to CaCO3 and acetone Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 75 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 52 mg/kg; poison by IV and IP routes; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Food additive; preservative, firming agent, pH control agent, processing aid, sequestrant, stabilizer, texturizer, thickener for foods, baked goods, cake mixes, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fillings, gelatins, syrups, sauces, toppings, pkg. materials; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 181.22, 181.29, 182.6197, 184.1185, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; approved for orals, topicals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aerchem http://www.aerchem.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alemark http://www.amsyn.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Barium & Chems. http://www.bariumchemicals.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kemira ChemSolutions BV http://www.kemira.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Niacet http://www.niacet.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Niacet Calcium Acetate FCC See also Calcium diacetate Calcium acid pyrophosphate. See Calcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate Calcium acid sulfite. See Calcium hydrogen 970

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference sulfite Calcium alginate CAS 9005-35-0 FEMA 2015; INS404; E404 Synonyms: Alginic acid, calcium salt Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Definition: Calcium salt of alginic acid Empirical: (C12H14CaO12)n Formula: [(C6H7O6)2Ca]n Properties: Wh. or cream-colored powd. or filaments, sl. odor and taste; sol. in alkaline sol'n.; insol. in water, acid, org. solvs.; m.w. 195.16 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 1407 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 64 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP route; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, gellant, antifoam for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1187, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed (ADI 0-25 mg/kg, as alginic acid); UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Hydro Pronova a.s. http://www.hydro.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomiyama Pure Chem. Ind. http://www.tomypure.co.jp Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Grindsted™ Alginate FD 400 Trade Names Containing: KELTOSE® Calcium aluminosilicate; Calcium aluminum silicate. See Aluminum calcium silicate Calcium ascorbate CAS 5743-27-1; 5743-28-2 (dihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 227-261-5 INS302; E302 Synonyms: Ascorbic acid calcium salt Empirical: C12H14CaO12 (anhyd.); C12H14CaO12 • 2H2O (dihydrate) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: Ca(C6H7O6)2 • 2H2O (dihydrate) Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. cryst. powd., pract. odorless; freely sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether, methanol, ethanol; m.w. 390.31 (anhyd.), 426.35 (dihydrate); m.p. 16 C (dec.) (dihydrate); pH 6.8-7.4 (10% sol'n.) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Antioxidant, color fixing agent, preservative in foods; vitamin C source; color preservative in meats, conc. dairy prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3189, GRAS; approved for orals; Europe listed; UK approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; M.W. Int'l.; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Calcium Ascorbate USP FCC Calcium bentonite Synonyms: Calcium montmorillonite; Pascalite Classification: Nonswelling bentonite Properties: Tan to yelsh. fine powd.; pH 7-9 Uses: Additive/aux., clarifier improving life span, digestibility and appearance of foods, beverages; binder, stabilizer for protein and other impurities in wines, beers, fruit juices, vinegar Manuf./Distrib.: Cimbar Perf. Mins. 971

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.cimbar.com Trade Names: Clarit® 100 Trade Names Containing: Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 Calcium benzoate CAS 2090-05-3; EINECS/ELINCS 218-235-4 INS213; E213 Synonyms: Benzoic acid calcium salt; Calcium dibenzoate Definition: Calcium salt of benzoic acid Empirical: C14H10CaO4 (anhyd.); C14H10CaO4 • 3H2O (trihydrate) Properties: Avail. as the trihydrate; wh. orthorhombic cryst. or powd.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 282.31 (anhyd.), 374.26 (trihydrate); dens. 1.44 kg/l Toxicology: May cause an intolerance reaction in some people Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Preservative for foods, margarine Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110, 178.2010; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Chattem http://www.chattemchemicals.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Kemira ChemSolutions BV http://www.kemira.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Calcium 2-benzosulfimide; Calcium obenzosulfimide. See Calcium saccharin Calcium bicarbonate. See Calcium hydrogen carbonate Calcium biphosphate. See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) monohydrate. See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate Calcium bisulfite. See Calcium hydrogen sulfite Calcium borogluconate CAS 5743-34-0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Calcium diborogluconate; DGluconic acid cyclic 4,5-ester with boric acid calcium salt Empirical: C12H20B2CaO16 Properties: Cryst.; freely sol. in water; m.w. 482.01 Uses: Mineral source in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Glucona Am.; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Shan Par Ind. http://www.shanpar.com Calcium bromate CAS 10102-75-7; EINECS/ELINCS 233-278-9 UN 1450; INS924b Empirical: Br2CaO6; Br2CaO6 • H2O Formula: Ca(BrO3)2 or Ca(BrO3)2 • H2O Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; very sol. in water; m.w. 295.88 (anhyd.), 313.90 (monohydrate); dens. 3.329; m.p. 179-181 C Toxicology: Nuisance dust Precaution: Contact with combustible material may cause fire; avoid reducing agents, organic material, and metal powds. NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep containers tightly sealed and stored in a cool, dry place Uses: Dough conditioner, flour maturing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110 Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com; Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com Calcium bromide CAS 7789-41-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-164-6 Synonyms: Calcium dibromide Empirical: Br2Ca; Br2Ca • 2H2O Formula: CaBr2 or CaBr2 • 2H2O Properties: Gran. or rhombic cryst., odorless, sharp saline taste; very sol. in water, methanol, ethanol; sol. in acetone; pract. insol. in ether; m.w. 199.91 (anhyd.), 235.93 (dihydrate); dens. 3.353 (25/4 C, anhyd.); m.p. 730 C (sl. decomp., anhyd.) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 437 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP and subcut. routes; mutation data reported; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with potassium 972

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Br– Storage: Deliq.; hygroscopic; keep well closed Uses: Preservative for foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Chemtura/Great Lakes http://www.chemtura.com/corporate/v/index .jsp?vgnextoid=2a497e765e59b010VgnVCM 10000052d7010aRCRD&vgn; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Great Western Inorg. http://www.greatwesterninorganics.com; Hawks Chem. Co Ltd http://www.hawkschem.com/ ICL Industrial Prods. http://www.dsbg.com; Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tetra http://www.tetrachemicals.com Calcium caprate CAS 13747-30-3 INS470; E470a Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.863, 175.300; Canada DSL Calcium caprylate CAS 6107-56-8 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Calcium octanoate; Caprylic acid calcium salt; Octanoic acid calcium salt Empirical: C16H30O4Ca • H2O Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; soapy odor; m.w. 344.51 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1500-12000 mg/kg; skin irritant Precaution: Wear splash goggles, dust respirator, full suit and boots; keep away from heat and sauces of ignition; do not breathe dust HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

anticaking agent, calcium source in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.863, 175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Shepherd http://www.shepchem.com Calcium carbonate CAS 471-34-1; 1317-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 207439-9 INS170i; E170i Synonyms: Agricultural limestone; Allied whiting; Calcite; Calcium carbonate (INCI); Calcium carbonate (1:1); Calcium carbonate, precipitated; Calcium monocarbonate; Carbonic acid calcium salt; Carbonic acid calcium salt (1:1); Chalk; CI 77220; Dolomite; Drop chalk; English white; Franklin; Limestone; Lithographic stone; Marble; Monocalcium carbonate; Natural calcium carbonate; Paris white; Pigment white 18; Portland stone; Precipitated calcium carbonate; Precipitated chalk; Prepared chalk; Vaterite; Vienna white; White powder; Whiting Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Found in nature as the minerals limestone, marble, aragonite, calcite, and vaterite Empirical: CCaO3 Formula: CO3 • Ca Properties: Wh. powd. or colorless crystals; odorless; tasteless; sol. in dil. acids; very sl. sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 100.09; dens. 2.7-2.95; bulking value 0.045 gal/lb; oil absorp. 63; m.p. 825 C (dec.); stable in air; noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 of air (nuisance particulate); LD50 (oral, rat) 6450 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; severe eye and mod. skin irritant; irritating to respiratory system; common air contaminant; may cause kidney damage, CNS effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Ignites on contact with F2; Incompat. with acids, alum, ammonium salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store in a cool, dry, wellventilated area away from incompatible 973

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference substances Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, firming agent, yeast food, calcium fortification, colorant, alkali, anticaking agent, buffer, stabilizer in foods; fortification of bread; release agent; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1070, 137.105, 137.155, 137.160, 137.165, 137.170, 137.175, 137.180, 137.185, 137.350, 169.115, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1460, 177.1600, 177.1680, 177.2260, 178.3297, 181.22, 181.29, 184.1191, 184.1409, GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051, limitation 30 lb/1000 gal of wine; Japan approved (1-2%); Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for implants, orals, otics, permanently listed; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ABCR http://www.abcr.de; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; AluChem http://www.aluchem.com; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com Archway Sales http://www.archwaysales.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com BASF http://www.basf.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com Brenntag Specialties; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Charles B. Chrystal http://www.cbchrystal.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fisher Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Janssen-Cilag http://www.janssen-cilag.nl/; Landers-Segal Color http://www.pigments.com/; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Luzenac Am. http://www.luzenac.com Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Melchemie bv http://www.melchemie.com/; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Miljac http://www.miljac.com Mississippi Lime http://www.mississippilime.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SPI Pharma http://www.spipharma.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Specialty Mins. http://www.mineralstech.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Tamms Ind. http://www.tamms.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l.

974

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Atomite®; Calcium Carbonate 2927 Extra Heavy; Calcium Carbonate 2928 Ultra Heavy; Calcium Carbonate BC 300 Light; Calcium Carbonate BC 2924 Extra Light Calcium Carbonate BC 2925 Medium; Calcium Carbonate BC 2926 Light; Calcium Carbonate Purified 2923 Heavy; CalEssence® 70 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 80 Enhanced Purity CalEssence® 160 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 300 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 450 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 1500 Enhanced Purity; CC™103 Creta Praeparata V; HuberCal 150 Elite; HuberCal 150 FG; HuberCal 250 FG; HuberCal 500 FG Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 10 Slurry; Micro-White® 25 Codex; MicroWhite® 25 Slurry; Micro-White® 50 Codex Micro-White® 100 Codex; Multifex-MM™; Omya-Cal FG 4-AZ; Omya-Cal FG 6-AZ; Omya-Cal FG 10-AZ Omya-Cal FG 15-AZ; Sturcal® F PCC; Sturcal® H PCC; Sturcal® L PCC; ViCALity Albafil® PCC ViCALity Albaglos® PCC; ViCALity® Extra Heavy PCC; ViCALity® Extra Light PCC; ViCALity® Heavy PCC; ViCALity® Light PCC ViCALity® Medium PCC; Vicron® FG 15-15; Vicron® FG 25-11; Vicron® FG 41-8; Vicron® FG 45-3 Vicron® FG 75-17 Trade Names Containing: Assist LC-5; Bake Soft; Calci-Press™ MD; Cameo Velvet®; Cameo Velvet WT Creta Plus; Ferment Buffer; Isagel® PF 38; Ixper® 60 C Calcium Peroxide FCC; Ixper® 75 C Calcium Peroxide FCC Levn-Lite®; Paniset®; Panistay®; Pan-OLite®; Permitex Rikemal Agepet; Rikemal Super; Stabil® 9; Terra Alba Calcium carbonate (INCI); Calcium carbonate (1:1); Calcium carbonate, precipitated. See Calcium carbonate Calcium carboxymethyl cellulose CAS 9050-04-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Calcium cellulose glycolate; Carboxymethylcellulose calcium; Carmellose calcium; Cellulose carboxymethyl ether calcium salt Definition: Calcium salt of a polycarboxymethyl ether of cellulose Properties: Wh. to lt. yel. powd., odorless Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4400 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 6800 mg/kg; TSCA listed Storage: Preserve in tight containers Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, gellant, suspending agent in foods Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; Japan approved; restricted; 2% max. in foods; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Daicel Chem. Ind. http://www.daicel.co.jp; Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lehmann & Voss http://www.lehvoss.de Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk Calcium carrageenan CAS 9049-05-2 Synonyms: Algin gum; Calcium carrageenin; Calcium carragheenate; Carrageenan, calcium salt; Carrageenan, calcium (II) salt Definition: Calcium salt of carrageenan; mixt. of highly sulfated polygalactosides, extracted from seaweed Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5140 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 8710 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 136.115, 136.130, 136.160, 136.180, 139.121, 139.122, 150.141, 150.161, 172.626, 176.170; approved for orals 975

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Calcium carrageenin; Calcium carragheenate. See Calcium carrageenan Calcium caseinate CAS 9005-43-0 Synonyms: Casein, calcium salt; Casseins, calcium complexes Definition: Calcium salt of casein Properties: Wh. or sl. yel. powd., nearly odorless; insol. in cold water Uses: Dietary supplement in foods, creamed cottage cheese, processed cheese, frozen desserts, nutritional beverages, powd. diet supplements Features: Milky appearance, smooth feel in the mouth Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §135.110, 135.140, 172.840, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com; Blossom Farm Prods.; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; DMV USA http://www.dmv-international.com Excelpro; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com Trade Names: Calcium Caseinate R; Calcium Caseinate S; CC-901; CC-901; CC-902I Calcium cellulose glycolate. See Calcium carboxymethyl cellulose Calcium chloride CAS 10043-52-4 (anhyd.); 10035-04-8 (dihydrate); 7774-34-7 (hexahydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 233-140-8 INS509; E509 Synonyms: Calcium chloride anhydrous Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: CaCl2 (anhyd.); CaCl2 • 2H2O (dihydrate) Properties: Grayish-wh. cryst., granules, lumps, or flakes; odorless; freely sol. in water and alcohol; m.w. 110.99 (anhyd.), 147.01 (dihydrate); dens. 2.16 (anhyd.), 1.83 (dihydrate); m.p. 772 C (anhyd.), 176 C (dihydrate); b.p. > 1600 C; pH 4.5-9.2 (5%) Toxicology: LD50 (oral rat) 1000 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 264 mg/kg; poison by IV, intramuscular, IP, subcut. routes; mod. toxic by ing. causing stomach and heart disturbances; severe eye irritant; human systemic effects; tumorigen; mutagen; questionable Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts violently with BrF3, (B2O3 + CaO); reaction with zinc releases explosive hydrogen gas; exothermic reaction with water Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; deliq.; store @ R.T.; keep well closed Uses: Sequestrant, firming agent, anticaking agent, antimicrobial, curing agent, pickling agent, flavor enhancer, humectant, nutrient supplement, pH control agent, processing aid, stabilizer, surfactant, texturizer, thickener, synergist in foods; isomerization agent in prep. of hops for beer brewing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.102, 133.108, 133.111, 133.113, 133.118, 133.127, 133.136, 133.138, 133.141, 145.145, 150.141, 150.161, 172.560, 178.1010, 184.1193, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147, 3% max.; Canada DSL; Japan approved (1% max.); Europe listed (ADI not specified); UK approved; WHO limitation: 350-800 mg/kg (canned fruits/veg.), 200 mg/kg (preserves, processed cheese); approved for injectables, ophthalmics, orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Akzo Nobel Salt http://www.akzonobelsalt.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemtura/Great Lakes http://www.chemtura.com/corporate/v/index .jsp?vgnextoid=2a497e765e59b010VgnVCM 10000052d7010aRCRD&vgn; DC Chem. http://www.dcchem.co.kr/english/index.asp 976

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kemira Kemi UK; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Reheis http://www.reheis.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp; Wako Chem. USA http://www.wakousa.com Trade Names Containing: Snow Fresh® Calcium chloride anhydrous. See Calcium chloride Calcium citrate CAS 813-94-5 (anhyd.); 5785-44-4 (tetrahydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 212-391-7 INS333; E333 Synonyms: Calcium citrate tertiary; Citric acid calcium salt; Dicalcium citrate; Lime citrate; Tricalcium citrate; Tricalcium dicitrate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C12H10Ca3O14 • 4H2O Formula: Ca3(C6H5O7)2 • 4H2O (tetrahydrate) Properties: Wh. fine powd., odorless; sl. sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol; sol. in dil. HCl and nitric acid; m.w. 570.50 (tetrahydrate); loses water of cryst. @ 100 C, dec. @ 230 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Dietary supplement, nutrient (calcium source), sequestrant, buffer, pH control agent, antioxidant, stabilizer, and raising agent n foods; pH control agent in jams, jellies, marmalades, soft drinks, and wines; emulsifying salt; antioxidant synergist in foods; firming agent for fruits and vegetables; salt substitute in diet food; carrier in chewing gums, flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 184.1195, GRAS; Japan approved (1% max. as calcium); Europe listed; UK approved; approved for orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Boehringer Ingelheim http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Clofine Dairy & Food Prods. http://www.clofinedairy.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; 977

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Jost http://www.jostchemical.com; Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nutricepts http://www.nutricepts.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Quimdis RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rit-Chem http://www.ritchem.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Gadocal+ Trade Names Containing: Gadocal Gold; Gadolin Calcium; Gado Multimin; Gadophit; Tang Calcium citrate tertiary. See Calcium citrate Calcium cyclamate CAS 139-06-0 INS952 Synonyms: Calcium cyclohexanesulfamate; Calcium cyclohexyl sulfamate; Cyclamate calcium; Cyclamate, calcium salt; Cyclamic acid calcium salt; Cyclamic acid hemicalcium salt; Cyclohexanesulfamic acid calcium salt; Sucaryl calcium Classification: Cyclamates Empirical: C6H12NO3S • ½Ca Formula: (C6H11NHSO3)2Ca • 2H2O Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; sweet taste; freely sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol, benzene, chloroform; m.w. 198.3 Toxicology: LDLo (oral, rat) 10 mg/kg; poison by ing. and IV routes; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

neoplastigen; experimental reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of SOx and NOx Uses: Nonnutritive sweetener prohibited in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §189.135; prohibited from direct addition or use in human food; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma-Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Zhong Hua Fang Da http://www.fangda.com.hk/english/ Calcium cyclohexanesulfamate; Calcium cyclohexyl sulfamate. See Calcium cyclamate Calcium diacetate CAS 66905-25-7 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 226516-5 Empirical: C6H10CaO6 Uses: Sequestrant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.6197, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com See also Calcium acetate Calcium diacetate. See Calcium acetate Calcium dibenzoate. See Calcium benzoate Calcium diborogluconate. See Calcium borogluconate Calcium dibromide. See Calcium bromide Calcium di-D-gluconate. See Calcium gluconate Calcium diglutamate. See Calcium glutamate Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate CAS 14866-19-4; EINECS/ELINCS 238-933-2 INS450(vii) Synonyms: Acid calcium pyrophosphate, Monocalcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate; Monocalcium dihydrogen diphosphate Classification: Phosphate Empirical: CaH2P2O7 Properties: Wh. crystals or powd.; m.w. 215.97 978

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, pH control agent, raising agent, sequestrant, water retention agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Calcium dihydrogen phosphate. See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Calcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate CAS 14866-19-4 INS450 (vii); E450 Synonyms: Calcium acid pyrophosphate; Monocalcium dihydrogen diphosphate Empirical: CaH2P2O7 Properties: Wh. crystals or powd.; m.w. 215.97 Uses: Dietary supplement, emulsifier, raising agent in foods Regulatory: 1% max. as calcium in foods; Japan approved; restricted Manuf./Distrib.: Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Trade Names Containing: Dough-Rise™ Calcium dihydrogen sulfite. See Calcium hydrogen sulfite Calcium dihydroxide. See Calcium hydroxide Calcium d(+)-N-(α,γ-dihydroxy-β,βdimethylbutyryl)-β-alaninate; Calcium N-(2,4dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl-β-alanine. See Calcium D-pantothenate Calcium dilactate. See Calcium lactate Calcium dioxide. See Calcium peroxide Calcium diphosphate. See Calcium pyrophosphate Calcium dipropionate. See Calcium propionate Calcium disodium edathamil; Calcium disodium edetate. See Calcium disodium EDTA Calcium disodium EDTA CAS 62-33-9 (anhyd.); 23411-34-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200-529-9 INS385 Synonyms: Acetic acid, (ethylene dinitrilo) tetra-, calcium disodium salt; Calciate (2-), ((ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetato)-, disodium; Calcium disodium edathamil; Calcium disodium edetate; Calcium disodium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid; Calcium EDTA; Disodium calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; Edetate calcium disodium; Edetic acid calcium disodium salt; EDTA calcium disodium salt; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, calcium disodium salt; Sodium calcium edetate Classification: Substituted diamine Definition: Mixt. of calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate dihydrate (predominantly) and trihydrate Empirical: C10H12CaN2Na2O8 Formula: CaNa2C10H12N2O8 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. or gran., odorless, faint salt taste; sol. in water; insol. in org. solvs.; m.w. 374.27 (anhyd.), 410.30 (dihydrate); bulk dens. 0.67; pH 6.5-8.0; stable in air Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10 g/kg, (IP, rat) 3850 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing. and IV routes; possible link to liver damage in test animals; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx Storage: Sl. hygroscopic Uses: Antioxidant, preservative, chelating agent, sequestrant, color retention agent, flavor retention agent, texture retention agent in foods; color stabilizer, clarifier in distilled alcohol beverages; antigushing agent in fermented malt beverages; hog scald agent Features: Prevents discoloration, rancidity, offodors; promotes color, flavor, and texture retention Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 155.200, 155.201, 161.173, 166.110, 169.115, 169.140, 169.150, 172.120, 172.135, 175.105, 176.170; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Canada DSL; Japan approved (0.035 g/kg max.); Europe listed; permitted in UK only in canned fish, shellfish; FDA approved for injectables (IM, IV), intravenous, orals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Am. Biorganics; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; DanChem Tech. http://www.danchem.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Hampshire; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; 979

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Dissolvine® E-CA-10; Versene™ CA Calcium disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. See Calcium disodium EDTA Calcium distearate. See Calcium stearate Calcium dodecanoate. See Calcium laurate Calcium EDTA. See Calcium disodium EDTA Calcium ferrocyanide EINECS/ELINCS 215-476-7 INS538 Synonyms: Calcium hexacyanoferrate; Yellow prussiate of calcium; Yellow prussiate of lime Empirical: C6Ca2FeN6 Formula: Ca2Fe(CN)6 or Ca2Fe(CN)6 • 12H2O Properties: Yel. cryst. or cryst. powd.; sol. 620 g/l water (20 C); insol. in alcohol; m.w. 292.12 (anhyd.), 508.3 (dodecahydrate) Uses: Anticaking agent in foods, table salt Calcium formate CAS 544-17-2; EINECS/ELINCS 208-863-7; 208376-3 INS238 Synonyms: Formic acid calcium salt Empirical: C2H2CaO4 Formula: (HCOO)2Ca Properties: Wh. orthorhombic cryst. or cryst. powd., sl. acetic acid-like odor; sol. in water, pract. insol. in alcohol; m.w. 130.12; dens. 2.015; m.p. 300 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2650 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 154 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; primary eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Preservative for foods and silage; animal nutrition Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: BCH Brühl http://www.bchbruehl.de; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Calcium fumarate CAS 3416-22-6; 19855-56-2; EINECS/ELINCS 243-376-3 INS367 Synonyms: Fumarate, calcium Empirical: C4H2CaO4 Properties: Wh. powd.; pract. odorless; sol. 1% in water; m.w. 154.14; pH 5.5-7.5 Uses: Dietary supplement for calcium fortification of foods; pH control agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.350 Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Calcium furcelleran Definition: Calcium salt of furcelleran Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.660 Calcium 4-(β-d-galactosido)-d-gluconate. See Calcium lactobionate Calcium gluconate CAS 299-28-5 (anhyd.); 18016-24-5 (monohydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 206-075-8 INS578; E578 Synonyms: Calciofon; Calcium di-Dgluconate; Calcium d-gluconate; Calcium hexagluconate; Calglucol; Calglucon; Glucal; Gluconic acid calcium salt; DGluconic acid calcium salt; d-Gluconic acid, calcium salt (2:1) Definition: Calcium salt of D-gluconic acid Empirical: C12H22O14 • Ca Formula: Ca[HOCH2(CHOH)4COO]2 Properties: Wh. fluffy powd. or gran., odorless, pract. tasteless; sol. in hot water; insol. in alcohol, acetic acid, other org. solvs.; sparingly and slowly sol. in water; stable in air; m.w. 430.4 (anhyd.), 448.39 (monohydrate); m.p. loses water @ 120 C; pH neutral Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rat) 950 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 2890 mg/kg; mod. toxic by subcut., IP, IV routes; human systemic effects in 980

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference infants by intramuscular route (dermatitis, fever); may cause GI and cardiac disturbances; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Food additive; mineral source (calcium) for foods, dietetic foods, beverages; buffer, pH control agent, firming agent, sequestrant, texturizer, stabilizer, thickener, formulation aid in foods; anticaking agent in coffee powds. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §150.141, 150.161, 184.1199, GRAS; Japan restricted (1% max. as calcium); Europe listed; UK approved; WHO limitation 350 ppm max. (fruits, veg.), 200 ppm (jams, jellies); BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ACTA Pharmacal; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com Adept Sol'ns.; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; CoKEM Assoc.; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Glucona Am.; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Jungbunzlauer Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Seppic http://www.seppic.com; Shan Par Ind. http://www.shanpar.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names: Gluconal® CA M Calcium d-gluconate. See Calcium gluconate Calcium glutamate CAS 19238-49-4 INS623; E623 Synonyms: Calcium diglutamate; Monocalcium di-L-glutamate Empirical: C10H16CaN2O8 • xH2O (x = 0, 1, 2 or 4) Properties: Wh., practically odorless crystals or crystalline powd.; freely sol. in water; m.w. 332.32 (anhydrous) Uses: Flavor enhancer and salt substitute in foods Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com Calcium glycerinophosphate. See Calcium glycerophosphate Calcium glycerophosphate CAS 126-95-4; 1336-00-1; 27214-00-2 (hydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 204-813-3; 215-643-4; 248328-5 INS383 981

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Calcium glycerinophosphate; Calcium phosphoglycerate; 1-(Dihydrogen phosphate)-1,2,3-propanetriol, calcium salt; 2-(Dihydrogen phosphate)-1,2,3propanetriol, calcium salt (1:1); Glycerophosphate calcium; Glycerophosphate calcium salt; Glycerophosphoric acid calcium salt; 1,2,3Propanetriol, mono (dihydrogen phosphate), calcium salt (1:1) Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C3H7CaO6P Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd., odorless, almost tasteless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 210.14; dec. above 170 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Sl. hygroscopic Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement, thickener, gellant, stabilizer in foods, gelatins, puddings, fillings, baking powd.; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 181.29, 184.1201, GRAS; Japan restricted (1% max. as calcium); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Ingreds. Inc http://www.amer-ing.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; MP Biomedicals http://www.mpbio.com; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Seppic http://www.seppic.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Calcium 5´-guanylate CAS 38966-30-2 INS629; E629 Synonyms: Calcium guaosine-5´monophosphate Empirical: C10H12CaN5O8P • xH2O Properties: Wh. to off-wh. cryst. or powd.; odorless; sparingly sol. in water; m.w. 401.20 (anhyd.) Uses: Flavor enhancer in foods Calcium guaosine-5´-monophosphate. See Calcium 5´-guanylate Calcium hexacyanoferrate. See Calcium ferrocyanide Calcium 2,4-hexadienoate. See Calcium sorbate Calcium hexagluconate. See Calcium gluconate Calcium hexametaphosphate CAS 10102-76-8 Toxicology: Nuisance dust Uses: Sequestrant, pH control agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.6203, GRAS Calcium hydrate. See Calcium hydroxide Calcium hydrogen carbonate CAS 3983-19-5 INS170(ii); E170 Synonyms: Calcium bicarbonate Empirical: C2H2CaO6 Properties: M.w. 162.1142 Uses: Surface colorant, anticaking agent, stabilizer in foods Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Calcium hydrogen malate INS352(i); E352 Synonyms: Monocalcium 2-DLhydroxysuccinate; Monocalcium DL-malate Definition: Monocalcium salt of DL-malic acid Formula: (C4H5O5)2Ca Properties: Wh. powd. Uses: pH control agent and seasoning in jams, fruits, and jellies Calcium hydrogen orthophosphate; Calcium hydrogen phosphate; Calcium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous. See Calcium phosphate dibasic Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate. See Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Calcium hydrogen sulfite CAS 13780-03-5 982

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference UN 1923 (DOT); INS227; E227 Synonyms: Calcium acid sulfite; Calcium bisulfite; Calcium dihydrogen sulfite Empirical: H2CaO6S2 Formula: Ca(HSO3)2 Properties: Ylsh. liq.; strong sulfur dioxide odor; m.w. 204.24; dens. 1.06 Toxicology: Irritating and corrosive to skin and tissue Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Preservative, antioxidant in foods Calcium hydrosilicate. See Calcium silicate Calcium hydroxide CAS 1305-62-0; EINECS/ELINCS 215-137-3 INS526; E526 Synonyms: Agricultural lime; Calcium dihydroxide; Calcium hydrate; Carboxide; Caustic lime; Hydrated lime; Lime, hydrated; Lime milk; Lime, slaked; Lime water; Milk of lime; Slaked lime Classification: Inorganic base Empirical: H2CaO2 Formula: Ca(OH)2 Properties: Wh. soft cryst. powd., alkaline sl. bitter taste; sl. sol. in water; sol. in glycerol, syrup, acid; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 74.10; dens. 2.34; m.p. loses water at 580 C; pH 12.4 (sat. sol'n. @ 25 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 7.34 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; severe eye irritant; irritating to skin, mucous membrane, respiratory tract; dust is industrial hazard; causes dermatitis; mutation data reported; common air contaminant; TSCA listed Precaution: Corrosive material; violent reaction with maleic anhydride, nitroethane, nitromethane, nitroparaffins, etc.; reaction with polychlorinated phenols + potassium nitrate forms extremely toxic prods. HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Uses: Food additive; buffer, neutralizer, pH control agent, firming agent, processing aid in foods; in malting process in beer-making Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 135.110, 176.180, 176.210, 184.1205, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Japan restricted (1% max. as calcium); Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for injectables, orals, topicals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Brenntag Specialties Charkit http://www.charkit.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; GDL Int'l. http://www.gdlinternational.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mississippi Lime http://www.mississippilime.com Noah http://www.noahtech.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Specialty Mins. http://www.mineralstech.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com U.S. Gypsum http://www.usg.com/; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Ixper® 60 C Calcium Peroxide FCC; Ixper® 75 C Calcium Peroxide FCC Calcium hydroxide phosphate CAS 12167-74-7 FEMA 3081; E341c Synonyms: Calcium phosphate tribasic; Precipitated calcium phosphate; Tricalcium phosphate Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Variable mixt. of calcium phosphates Formula: (1) Ca5(OH)(PO4)3 or (2) 10CaO • 3P2O5 • H2O 983

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Wh. powd. or cryst.; sol. in dil. HCl; pract. insol. in water, alcohol; m.w. (1) 502.31, (2) 1004.64 Toxicology: Skin and eye irritant; nuisance dust Uses: Food ingred., nutrient, dietary supplement in cereal flours, dressings; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.105, 137.155, 137.160, 137.165, 137.170, 137.175, 137.180, 137.185, 169.179, 169.182, 175.300, 181.29, 182.1217, 182.8217, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan approved (1% max. as calcium), restricted; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Innophos; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names Containing: Gadophit Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate; Calcium-L-2hydroxypropionate. See Calcium lactate Calcium[α-hydroxysuccinate. See Calcium malate Calcium 5´-inosinate CAS 38966-29-9 (Ca salt anhyd.) INS633; E633 Synonyms: Calcium inosine-5'monophosphate Empirical: C10H11CaN4O8P • xH2O Properties: White or off-white, odorless crystals,or powd.; m.w. 386.19 (anhyd.) Uses: Flavor enhancer in foods Calcium inosine-5'-monophosphate. See Calcium 5´-inosinate Calcium iodate CAS 7789-80-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-191-3 INS916 Synonyms: Autarite; Iodic acid, calcium salt; Lautarite Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: CaI2O6 • H2O Formula: Ca(IO3)2 • H2O Properties: Wh. powd. or colorless cryst.; odorless or sl. odor; sl. sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; dec. on heating; m.w. 407.90 Toxicology: Nuisance dust; irritant Precaution: Oxidizer Uses: Food additive; dough strengthener, dough conditioner, oxidation agent, flour treatment agent, maturing agent for bread; iodine dietary supplement; iodine source for animal nutrition Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 184.1206, 582.80, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomen Am. http://www.tomenamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wmblythe.co.uk Trade Names: IDX-20 NB Trade Names Containing: Calib; N'Hance CM; N'Hance (Phase II) Tablets; N'Hance SD; Oxitabs Calcium isoascorbate INS318 Uses: Antioxidant for foods Calcium lactate CAS 814-80-2 (anhyd.); 5743-47-5; 41372-22-9 (monohydrate, trihydrate); 63690-56-2 (pentahydrate); 28305-25-1 (calcium S984

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference lactate); EINECS/ELINCS 212-406-7; 248-9533 INS327; E327 Synonyms: Calcium dilactate; Calcium 2hydroxypropanoate; Calcium-L-2hydroxypropionate; 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, calcium salt; 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, calcium salt (2:1); Propanoic acid, 2hydroxy-, calcium salt Empirical: C6H10CaO6 • xH2O Formula: [CH3CH(OH)COO]2Ca • xH2O, x < 5 Properties: Wh. to cream-colored cryst. powd. or granules containing up to 5 moles of water of crystallization, almost odorless; pentahydrate is somewhat efflorescent, is sol. in water, pract. insol. in alcohol; becomes anhyd. at 120 C; m.w. 218.22 (anhyd.), 236.24 (monohydrate), 272.27 (trihydrate), 308.30 (pentahydrate) Toxicology: LDLo (IV mouse) 140 mg/kg; poison by IV route; may cause GI and cardiac disturbances; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Buffer, pH control agent, dough conditioner, firming agent, flavor enhancer, flavoring agent, leavening agent, flour treatment agent, nutrient supplement, stabilizer, thickener, antioxidant, filmformer in foods; emulsifier in shortening; humectant in confectionery; yeast food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §145.145, 150.141, 150.161, 184.1207, GRAS except for infant foods/formulas; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (0.6% max.); Japan approved (1% max. as calcium); Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL; BP, EP compliance (pentahydrate, trihydrate) Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Boith China http://www.boith.com Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/ Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nutricepts http://www.nutricepts.com; PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Reliable Biopharmaceutical http://www.reliablebiopharm.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wilke Int'l. http://www.wilkeinternational.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names: Galaxium; Galaxium Pentahydrate Powder; Pationic® 1233; Pationic® 1240; Pationic® 1250 Puracal® DC; Puracal® PP/FCC; Puracal® PP/USP Trade Names Containing: Purac® Powder H 60; Textureze™ MT 200 Calcium lactobionate CAS 5001-51-4; EINECS/ELINCS 225-668-2 INS399 Synonyms: Calcium 4-(β-d-galactosido)-dgluconate Definition: Calcium salt of lactobionic acid Empirical: C24H42CaO24 985

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Wh. to cream free-flowing powd.; bland taste; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 754.66; m.p. 120 C (dec.); pH 6.57.5 (10% sol'n.) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in well -closed container in a dry place at ambient temperatures around 20 C; retest after storage for three yrs. Uses: Stabilizer, firming agent in foods, dry pudding mixes; accelerates the gelling process in reconstituted puddings Features: Use of excessive amounts can result in unexpected organoleptic props. of the pudding Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.720 Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Reliable Biopharmaceutical http://www.reliablebiopharm.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Calcium laurate CAS 4696-56-4; EINECS/ELINCS 225-166-3 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Calcium dodecanoate; Dodecanoic acid, calcium salt; Lauric acid, calcium salt Definition: Calcium salt of lauric acid Empirical: C12H24O2 • ½Ca Formula: Ca(C12H23O2)2 • H2O Properties: Wh. needles; sl. sol. in water; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 456.71; m.p. 182 C Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bärlocher GmbH http://www.baerlocher.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; NOF Am.; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Calcium malate CAS 17482-42-7 INS352(ii); E352 Synonyms: Calcium[α-hydroxysuccinate; Calcium DL-malate; Calcium salt of hydroxybutanedioic acid Definition: Calcium salt of malic acid Empirical: C4H4CaO5 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: Ca(C4H4O5) Properties: Wh. powd.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 172.14 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in well-closed containers Uses: Calcium supplement, pH control agent in foods Regulatory: Australia approved food additive Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Jost http://www.jostchemical.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Calcium DL-malate. See Calcium malate Calcium metasilicate CAS 10101-39-0; EINECS/ELINCS 233-250-6 Synonyms: Calcium silicate; Calcium silicate n-hydrate; Silicic acid, calcium salt; Silicic acid, calcium salt (1:1); Silicic acid (H2SiO3), calcium salt (1:1) Empirical: CaH2O3Si Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; insol. in water; m.w. 118.18; m.p. 1540 C Toxicology: Dust is irritating to eyes, skin, and mucous membranes; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses, impervious gloves, and protective clothing HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, dry place in a tightly sealed container Uses: Anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Colloid http://www.colloid.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Nyco Mins. http://www.nycominerals.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com See also Calcium silicate Calcium monocarbonate. See Calcium carbonate Calcium monohydrogen phosphate. See Calcium phosphate dibasic Calcium monohydrogen phosphate dihydrate. See Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Calcium monosilicate. See Calcium silicate Calcium montmorillonite. See Calcium bentonite Calcium myristate CAS 15284-51-2; EINECS/ELINCS 239-328-6 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Calcium tetradecanoate; Myristic 986

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acid, calcium salt; Tetradecanoic acid, calcium salt Definition: Calcium salt of myristic acid Empirical: C14H28O2 • ½Ca Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 178.2010; Canada DSL Calcium octadecanoate. See Calcium stearate Calcium octanoate. See Calcium caprylate Calcium oleate CAS 142-17-6 INS470; E470a Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, calcium salt; Oleic acid calcium salt Empirical: C36H66CaO4 Properties: Pale yel. transparent cryst. solid; sol. in benzene, chloroform; pract. insol. in water, alcohol, acetone, ether, petrol. ether; m.w. 602.97; m.p. 83 C; dec. above 140 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.300, 181.29; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Calcium oleyl lactylate INS482(ii) Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer in foods Calcium orthophosphate. See Calcium phosphate tribasic Calcium oxide CAS 1305-78-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-138-9 UN 1910 (DOT); INS529; E529 Synonyms: Burnt lime; Calcia; Calx; Fluxing lime; Lime; Pebble lime; Quicklime; Unslaked lime Classification: Alkaline earth oxide Empirical: CaO Properties: Wh. or gray cryst. or powd., odorless; sol. in acids, glycerol, sugar sol'n.; sol. in water forming Ca(OH)2 and generating heat; pract. insol. in alcohol; m.w. 56.08; dens. 3.40; m.p. 2570 C; b.p. 2850 C; noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 mg/m3; strong Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

caustic; may cause severe irritation to skin, mucous membranes, eyes; a common air contaminant; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; powd. may react explosively with water; mixts. with ethanol may ignite if heated; violent reactions with B2O3 + CaCl2, interhalogens, F2, HF, P2O5 + heat; incandescent reaction with liq. HF NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Moisture-sensitive Uses: Alkali, pH control agent, anticaking agent, nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner in foods, sugar processing; flour treatment agent; yeast food; hog/poultry scald agent; prod. of citrus pulp pellets (animal feed) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1210, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; AluChem http://www.aluchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ash Grove Cement http://www.ashgrove.com; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mins. Tech. http://www.mineralstech.com; Mississippi Lime http://www.mississippilime.com; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Specialty Mins. http://www.mineralstech.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; U.S. Gypsum http://www.usg.com/ Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Calcium Oxide 801 Calcium palmitate CAS 542-42-7 INS470; E470a 987

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C32H62CaO4 Properties: M.w. 550.92 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.300; Canada DSL listed Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com Calcium pantothenate. See Calcium Dpantothenate Calcium D-pantothenate CAS 137-08-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-278-9 Synonyms: Calcium d(+)-N-(α,γ-dihydroxy-β,βdimethylbutyryl)-β-alaninate; Calcium N(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl-βalanine; Calcium pantothenate; d-Calcium pantothenate; Calcium d-pantothenate; N(2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutyryl-βalanine calcium; D-N-(2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3dimethyl-1-oxobutyl-β-alanine, calcium salt; Extro calcium pantothenate; Pantothenate calcium; Pantothenic acid, calcium salt; Vitamin B5; Vitamin B5, calcium salt Definition: Calcium salt of pantothenic acid Empirical: C19H34N2O10 • Ca Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, sweetish taste with sl. bitter aftertaste; stable in air; sol. in water, glycerol; insol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; m.w. 490.63; m.p. 170-172 C; dec. 195196 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 10 g/kg, (IP, rat) 820 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 830 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP, subcut., and IV routes; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Sl. hygroscopic Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, infant formulas Features: Only D isomer has vitamin activity, both D and DL used in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1212, GRAS; Japan approved (1% max. as calcium); BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; Daiichi Fine Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chems. https://www.daiichi-fcj.co.jp/eng/; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Unipex http://www.unipex.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names: Calcium Pantothenate USP, FCC Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SK Fortified; Bioblend # 7; Bonus Blend d-Calcium pantothenate; Calcium dpantothenate. See Calcium D-pantothenate Calcium pantothenate calcium chloride double salt (d or dl) CAS 6363-38-8 Definition: Calcium chloride double salt of dl- or d-calcium pantothenate Empirical: C19H34N2O10 • Ca2Cl2 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, bitter taste; sol. in water, glycerin; insol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; m.w. 601.61 Toxicology: Mod. toxic by IP, subcut., IV routes; mildly toxic by ingestion Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Sl. hygroscopic Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, vitamin supplement in foods for special dietary uses Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.330, GRAS Calcium peroxide CAS 1305-79-9; EINECS/ELINCS 215-139-4 UN 1457 (DOT); INS930 Synonyms: Calcium dioxide; Calcium superoxide Empirical: CaO2 988

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Wh. or ylsh. powd. or granular material, odorless, almost tasteless; decomp. in moist air; pract. insol. in water; dissolves in acids, forming hydrogen peroxide; m.w. 72.08; m.p. dec. @ 275 C Toxicology: Irritating in conc. form; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. if hot and mixed with finely divided combustible material; oxidizer; reacts with moisture to form slaked lime; a strong alkali Uses: Flour treatment agent, dough conditioner, oxidizing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110; GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; B.I. Chems. Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Burlington Chem. http://www.burco.com; Eagle-Picher http://www.eaglepicher.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Solvay Interox; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: 2X Regular Paniplus®; Asset; Dri-Do; Dri-Do Plus; Drize-P Powder Improved Paniplus M; Ixper® 60 C Calcium Peroxide FCC; Ixper® 75 C Calcium Peroxide FCC; Muffin Aid®; Vitalex® A Calcium phosphate (INCI). See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Calcium phosphate dibasic CAS 7757-93-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-826-1 INS341(ii) Synonyms: Bicalcium phosphate; Calcium hydrogen orthophosphate; Calcium hydrogen phosphate; Calcium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous; Calcium monohydrogen phosphate; DCP-0; Dicalcium orthophosphate; Dicalcium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

orthophosphate anhydrous; Dicalcium phosphate; Phosphoric acid calcium salt (1:1); Secondary calcium phosphate Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: HCaO4P Formula: CaHPO4 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless, tasteless; sol. in dilute HCl, nitric, and acetic acids; insol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 136.07; dens. 2.306; loses water at 109 C; stable in air Toxicology: No known toxicity; skin and eye irritant; nuisance dust HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Deliq.; store @ R.T. Uses: pH control agent, flour treatment agent, nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, firming agent, texturizer, raising agent, anticaking agent, water retention agent, stabilizer, antioxidant synergist in foods, baked goods, cereal prods., dessert gels; yeast food; mineral supplement in foods, cereals, animal feed; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.105, 175.300, 181.29, 182.1217, 182.8217, GRAS; Japan approved (1% max. as calcium); Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for dentals, orals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Innophos; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast Brenntag Specialties; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuji Chem. Ind. http://www.fujichemical.co.jp; Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com; ICL 989

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com Innophos http://www.rhodia.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Albrite® Dicalcium Phosphate; VersaCal™ DA Trade Names Containing: 2X Regular Paniplus®; A-TAB®; Bioblend # 7; Bitrit-1™ (1% Biotin Trituration); Folic Acid 10% Trituration Improved Paniplus M; Py-ran®; Vitamin B12 1% Trituration Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate CAS 7789-77-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-826-1 Synonyms: Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate; Calcium monohydrogen phosphate dihydrate; DCP-2; Dicalcium orthophosphate dihydrate; Dicalcium phosphate; Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate Empirical: CaHO4P • 2H2O Properties: Monoclinic cryst.; sol. in dil. HCl or HNO3; sl. sol. in dil. acetic acid; pract. insol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 172.09; dens. 2.31 Toxicology: Skin and eye irritant; nuisance dust Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Deliq.; loses water of cryst. slowly below 100 C Uses: Dietary supplement, mineral Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

supplement in foods, cereals, animal feeds; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §181.29; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Innophos; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lehmann & Voss http://www.lehvoss.de Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Caliment® Dicalcium Phosphate Milled Trade Names Containing: Dry Vitamin D3 Type 990

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 100 SD Calcium phosphate monobasic. See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous CAS 7758-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-837-1 INS341(i); E341 (i) Synonyms: Acid calcium phosphate; Calcium biphosphate; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate; Calcium phosphate (INCI); Calcium phosphate monobasic; Calcium tetrahydrogen diorthophosphate; MCP/A; Monocalcium orthophosphate; Monocalcium phosphate; Monocalcium phosphate anhydrous; Phosphoric acid calcium salt (2:1) Empirical: H4CaO8P2 Formula: Ca(H2PO4)2 Properties: Wh. powd.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 234.05; dens. 2.22 kg/l (16 C); releases water of cryst. above 100 C; dec. @ 200 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 17,500 mg/kg; low toxicity by ing.; a nuisance dust; TSCA listed Uses: Leavening agent in baking powds., self-rising flour, self-rising corn meal, pancake flour, prepared cake and muffin mixes; buffer, pH control agent, flour treatment agent, firming agent, texturizer, anticaking agent, water retention agent in foods; pH control agent in malt; mineral supplement; animal feed supplement; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 136.115, 136.130, 136.160, 136.180, 137.165, 137.175, 137.180, 137.270, 150.141, 150.161, 155.200, 175.300, 181.29, 182.1217, 182.6215, 182.8217; Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuji Chem. Ind. USA Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; SigmaAldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Vernon Walden Trade Names: Aerophos® XA; V-90® Trade Names Containing: 2X White Sour; Actif8®; ADM Cream Acid Salt; Aerophos XA; Aerophos XA Arco B; BFP White Sour; Brew Aid B Without Oxidants; Brewloid®; DoughRise™ DP 325; Fermaloid®; Pro-Fam® 922; Pyran®; Royal Baking Powd. Ry-So; Sour Dough Base; Stabil® 9 Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate CAS 10031-30-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-837-1 INS341(i) Synonyms: Acid calcium phosphate; Calcium biphosphate; Calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) monohydrate; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate; Calcium tetrahydrogen diorthophosphate monohydrate; MCP; Monocalcium orthophosphate monohydrate; Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate Definition: Phosphoric acid calcium salt (2:1) Empirical: CaH4O8P2 • H2O Formula: CaH4(PO4)2 • H2O Properties: Colorless pearly scales or powd., strong acid taste; sol. in water and acids; m.w. 252.08; dens. 2.22 (18/4 C); m.p. loses water at 100 C, dec. 200 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 17,500 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 15,250 mg/kg; nuisance dust Precaution: Hygroscopic 991

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Deliq. in air Uses: Leavening agent in foods; emulsifier, buffer, dough conditioner, firming agent, nutrient, dietary/mineral supplement, sequestrant, acidulant for foods, beverages; yeast food; pH control agent in malt; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 136.115, 136.130, 136.160, 136.180, 137.165, 137.175, 137.270, 150.141, 150.161, 155.200, 175.300, 181.29, 182.1217, 182.6215, 182.8217, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kemira Kemi UK Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Ajax®; HT® Monocalcium Phosphate; Regent® 12XX Trade Names Containing: Aerophos XA; PanO-Lite® Calcium phosphate tertiary. See Calcium phosphate tribasic Calcium phosphate tribasic CAS 7758-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-840-8 FEMA 3081; INS341(iii) Synonyms: Calcium orthophosphate; Calcium phosphate tertiary; Phosphoric acid, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

calcium salt (2:3); Precipitated calcium phosphate; TCP; Tertiary calcium phosphate; Tribasic calcium phosphate; Tricalcium bis (orthophosphate); Tricalcium orthophosphate; Tricalcium phosphate Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Variable mixt. of calcium phosphates; occurs in nature as minerals oxydapatit, voelicherite, whitlockite; tech. prod. is bone ash Empirical: Ca3O8P2 Formula: Ca3(PO4)2 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless, tasteless; sol. in dil. HCl or HNO3; pract. insol. in water, alcohol, acetic acid; m.w. 310.18; dens. 3.18; m.p. 1670 C; flash pt. (CC) 230 C; ref. index 1.63; stable in air; nonflamm. Toxicology: May cause irritation by ing., inh., eye/skin contact; inh. may cause flu-like illness; may cause eye redness, tearing, blurred vision, skin reddening, itching, inflamm.; overexposure may cause bone damage, nausea, vomiting, headache; may aggravate ulcers; target organs: stomach, kidneys, liver; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Phosphine, POx, calcium oxide; may emit toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. in cool, dry place; avoid excessive heat; keep tightly closed when not in use Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, flour treatment agent, firming agent, leavening agent, buffer, pH control agent, sequestrant, texturizer, stabilizer, fat rendering aid, water retention agent in foods; meat tenderizer; yeast food; anticaking agent for food powds., dry beverages, table salt; yeast food, chewing gum base, raising agent, emulsifier (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.105, 137.155, 137.160, 137.165, 137.170, 137.175, 137.180, 137.185, 169.179, 169.182, 175.300, 181.29, 182.1217, 182.8217, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; FEMA GRAS; DOT nonregulated; Canada DSL; SARA §302/304/313 nonreportable; Japan approved (1% max. as calcium), restricted; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance 992

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chem One http://www.chemone.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kaltron/Pettibone http://www.kaltron.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; PhytoTech. Labs http://www.phytotechlab.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stauber Perf. Ingreds. http://www.stauberusa.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com Trade Names: TRI-CAL WG; TRI-TAB Trade Names Containing: Alcolec® PS 20 P; Alcolec® PS 40 P; Alcolec® PS 50 P; Ascorbo-160-2 Powder; Assist LC-5 Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid; Cain's PDC (Pizza Dough Conditioner); Cameo® Showcase; Domestic CM Enrichment with Folic Acid Drize-P Powder; Export Masa Enrichment; Export Mineral Blend with TCP; F E Blend K with Folic Acid; Imperial FD Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ T; Lucarotin® 10 CWD O; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R Lutein DC; LycoVit® 10% DC; Macaroni Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Morton® Flour Salt; Purity® FC Sodium Bicarbonate Treated Free Flowing; White Sour See also Calcium hydroxide phosphate Calcium phosphoglycerate. See Calcium glycerophosphate Calcium phytate CAS 7776-28-5 Synonyms: Hexacalcium phytate; Phytocalcium Empirical: C6H6Ca6O24P6 Formula: C6H6(CaPO4)6 Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 888.42; pH neutral (sat. sol'n.) Uses: Sequestrant in wine and vinegar prods.; calcium source in nutrition Features: Removes excess metals Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Calcium polyphosphate INS452(iv) Classification: Polyphosphate Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, pH control agent, raising agent, sequestrant, water retention agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg 993

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Calcium polysilicate. See Calcium silicate Calcium propionate CAS 4075-81-4 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 223795-8 INS282; E282 Synonyms: Calcium dipropionate; Propanoic acid, calcium salt; Propionic acid, calcium salt Definition: Calcium salt of propionic acid Empirical: C6H10CaO4 Formula: Ca(OOCCH2CH3)2 Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., faint odor of propionic acid; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 186.23; m.p. > 300 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3920 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 2350 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Hygroscopic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry location; keep container closed when not in use Uses: Direct food additive; antimicrobial, mold inhibitor, preservative in foods, bread, cheese, confections, frostings, gelatins, puddings, fillings, jams, jellies, tobacco; antimycotic migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.123, 133.124, 133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 136.110, 136.115, 136.130, 136.160, 136.180, 150.141, 150.161, 179.45, 181.22, 181.23, 184.1221, GRAS; Canada DSL; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 0.32% max. on wt. of flour, 381.147, 0.3% max. on wt. of flour in fresh pie dough; Japan approved with limitations; Europe listed Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Adept Sol'ns. Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Kemira ChemSolutions BV http://www.kemira.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Niacet http://www.niacet.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names: Niacet Calcium Propionate FCC Trade Names Containing: C.P. 30; Sorbex Calcium pyrophosphate CAS 7790-76-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-221-5 Synonyms: Calcium diphosphate; Dicalcium pyrophosphate; Diphosphoric acid, calcium salt (1:2) Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: Ca2O7P2 Formula: Ca2P2O7 Properties: Wh. fine powd., tasteless; sol. in dilute HCl; insol. in water; m.w. 254.10; dens. 3.09; m.p. 1230 C Toxicology: No known toxicity; nuisance dust Uses: Buffer, neutralizer, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods; animal feed supplement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.8223, GRAS; approved for dentals, orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Calcium resinate CAS 9007-13-0 UN 1313 (DOT); UN 1314 (DOT) 994

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Calcium abietate; Calcium rosinate; Limed rosin; Rosin, lime-hardened Empirical: C88H124CaO8 Formula: Ca(C44H62O4)2 Properties: Ylsh.-wh. amorphous powd. or lumps, rosin odor; sol. in acid, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, ether, amyl alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 1349.5; soften. pt. 115-165 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. solid; dangerous fire risk; spontaneous heating; reactive with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Diluent for colors in egg shells Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3870; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Arakawa USA http://www.arakawa-usa.com; Barium & Chems. http://www.bariumchemicals.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Hummel Croton http://www.hummelcroton.com; Resinall http://www.resinall.com/ Calcium ribonucleotides. See Calcium 5´ribonucleotides Calcium 5´-ribonucleotides INS634; E634 Synonyms: Calcium ribonucleotides Definition: Mixture of calcium inosine-5'monophosphate and calcium guanosine-5'monophosphate Empirical: C10H11CaN4O8P • x H2O and C10H12CaN5O8P • xH2O Properties: Wh. or off-wh. crystals or powder; odorless; sparingly sol. in water Uses: Flavor enhancer in foods Calcium rosinate. See Calcium resinate Calcium saccharin CAS 6485-34-3 (anhyd.); 6381-91-5 (hydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 229-349-9 INS954 Synonyms: 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, 1,1dioxide, calcium salt; 1,2-Benzisothiazol3(2H)-one, 1,1-dioxide, calcium salt hydrate; Calcium 2-benzosulfimide; Calcium obenzosulfimide; Calcium saccharinate; Saccharin calcium; Sulfobenzoic imide calcium salt Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C14H10CaN2O6S2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., faint aromatic odor, intensely sweet taste; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 406.46 (anhyd.), 467.48 (hydrate) Toxicology: Confirmed carcinogen; tumorigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and SOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Preserve in well-closed containers Uses: Nonnutritive sweetener for beverages, drink mixes, processed foods, chewable vitamin tablets, chewing gum, baked goods; sugar substitute for cooking or table use Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §150.141, 150.161, 180.37; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (limitation 0.01% in bacon); FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com BASF MicroCheck http://www.basfbiocides.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Syncal® CaS Calcium saccharinate. See Calcium saccharin Calcium salt of hydroxybutanedioic acid. See Calcium malate Calcium silicate CAS 1344-95-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-710-8 INS552; E552 Synonyms: Calcium hydrosilicate; Calcium monosilicate; Calcium polysilicate; Okenite; Silicic acid, calcium salt Classification: Carbonates Definition: Hydrous or anhydrous silicate with 995

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference varying proportions of calcium oxide and silica Empirical: (1) CaO3Si; (2) Ca2O4Si; (3) Ca3O5Si Properties: Wh. or cream-colored powd.; odorless; sol. in nitrilotriacetic acid; pract. insol. in water; forms a gel with min. acids; m.w. 116.16 (1); dens. 2.10; bulk dens. 15-16 lb/ft3; absorp. power 600% (water); surf. area 95-175 m2/g; m.p. 1540 C; pH 8.4-10.2 (5% aq. susp.); nonflamm. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust); nuisance particulate; pract. nontoxic orally, but inh. may cause respiratory tract irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid prolonged contact with water (sol'n. reverts to sol. calcium salts and amorphous silica) Uses: Anticaking agent, filter aid, suspending agent for foods, baking powd., table salt; glazing agent, polishing agent, release agent for sweets; dusting agent for chewing gum; coating agent for rice Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.179, 172.410, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1460, 177.1680, 177.2260, 177.2355, 178.3297, 182.2227, 182.2906, 573.260, GRAS (limitation 2% in table salt, 5% in baking powd.); Canada DSL; Europe listed; UK approved; approved for orals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Brenntag Specialties; Cary http://www.thecarycompany.com; Celite http://www.worldminerals.com/celite.html; Chem-Materials http://www.chemmaterials.com D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp Trade Names: Baysical® KN Trade Names Containing: Hubersorb® 600; Hubersorb® 5121; Lecigran™ Super A See also Calcium metasilicate Calcium silicate n-hydrate. See Calcium metasilicate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Calcium sodium caseinate Classification: Milk protein Properties: Wh. to lt. cream powd.; clean, bland odor; highly soluble Uses: Solubilizer in foods, nutritional applics., bakery prods., imitation cheese, frozen dairy desserts, health foods, nutritional drinks Features: Good heat stability Trade Names: CS-922 Calcium/sodium stearoyl lactylate Classification: Acyl lactylate Definition: Calcium/sodium salt derived from stearic and lactic acids Uses: Dough strengthener, emulsifier, processing aid, surfactant, stabilizer, formulation aid, whipping agent, conditioner in foods Features: Contains no milk protein Trade Names: Pationic® 925 Calcium sorbate CAS 7492-55-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-321-6 INS203; E203 Synonyms: Calcium 2,4-hexadienoate; 2,4Hexadienoic acid, calcium salt Definition: Calcium salt of sorbic acid Empirical: C12H14CaO4 Formula: Ca(OOCC5H7)2 Properties: Solid; sl. sol. in water Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Preservative, mold inhibitor in foods, cheese, margarine, pkg. materials Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110, 182.3225, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (not allowed in cooked sausage); Europe listed Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com Calcium stearate CAS 1592-23-0; EINECS/ELINCS 216-472-8 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Calcium distearate; Calcium octadecanoate; Octadecanoic acid calcium salt; Stearic acid, calcium salt Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Definition: Calcium salt of stearic acid Empirical: C36H70CaO4 996

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Formula: Ca(C18H35O2)2 Properties: Wh. impalpable powd., sl. char. odor; insol. in water, alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in hot alcohol, hot veg. and min. oils; m.w. 607.04; bulk dens. 20 lb/ft3; m.p. 149 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust); nuisance dust; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Direct food additive; anticaking agent, binder, emulsifier, flavoring agent, adjuvant, lubricant, release agent, stabilizer, thickener, conditioner in foods; in defoamers for beet sugar, yeast processing; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.179, 169.182, 172.863, 173.340; must conform to FDA specs for fats or fatty acids derived from edible oils, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2410, 177.2600, 178.1010,; Canada DSL; 178.2010, 179.45, 181.22, 181.29, 184.1229, GRAS; FDA approved for implants, orals, rectals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Accurate Chem. & Scientific http://www.accuratechemical.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adeka Fine Chem. http://www.adk.co.jp; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com Cometals; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.crodausa.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eka Chems. Ltd; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html Fallek; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; In-Cide Tech. http://www.incidetech.net; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; James M. Brown Ltd http://www.jamesmbrown.co.uk KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/ Norac http://www.norac.com/; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sankyo Org. Chems. http://www.sankyo.co.jp; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Shandong Haihua Tianhe http://www.tianhe-chemical.com Sigma-Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Calcium Stearate 2307-G; 997

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Calcium Stearate 920-T; Struktol® Calcium Stearate; Synpro® Calcium Stearate Kosher Food Grade (LD) Trade Names Containing: Doh-Tone; Dri-Mol®; Dri-Mol® 604; Honi-Bake®; Honi-Bake® 705 Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Roast Honey Nut Coating; Sweet'n'Neat® Oil Roast Honey Nut Coating Calcium stearoyl fumarate INS486 Uses: Emulsifier in foods; dough conditioner, whipping agent in breads Calcium stearoyl lactylate CAS 5793-94-2; EINECS/ELINCS 227-335-7 INS482(i); E482 Synonyms: Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate; Calcium stearyl-2-lactylate; Calcium stelate; Octadecanoic acid, 2-(1-carboxyethoxy)-1methyl-2-oxoethyl ester, calcium salt; Stearic acid ester with lactate of lactic acid calcium salt Definition: Calcium salt of stearic acid ester of lactyl lactate Empirical: C48H86CaO12 Properties: Cream-colored nonhygroscopic powd., caramel odor; sparingly sol. in water; m.w. 895.30; m.p. 45-60 C; HLB 5.1; acid no. 50-86; pH 4.7 (2% aq. susp.); anionic Toxicology: No known toxicity; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Dough conditioner for bakery prods.; whipping agent, emulsifier, stabilizer in foods; conditioner for dehydrated potatoes; emulsifier (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.844, 176.170, 177.1200; must conform to FDA specs for fats or fatty acids derived from edible oils; Japan approved with restrictions; Canada DSL; Europe listed; UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Wilshire Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://users.aol.com/wilshrchem/chmlist2.ht m Trade Names: Admul CSL 2010; Lactipol C; Paniplex CK; Pationic® 930; Pationic® 940 Prefera® CSL; Verv® Trade Names Containing: MG-S; Patco® 3 Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate; Calcium stearyl-2lactylate; Calcium stelate. See Calcium stearoyl lactylate Calcium sulfate CAS 7778-18-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-900-3 INS516; E516 Synonyms: Anhydrite (natural form); Anhydrous calcium sulfate; Anhydrous gypsum; Calcium sulfate (1:1); Calcium sulfonate; Gypsum; Plaster of Paris; Sulfuric acid, calcium salt; Sulfuric acid, calcium salt (1:1) Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: CaO4S Formula: Ca • H2O4S Properties: Wh. to sl. yel.-wh. powd. or crystals, odorless, tasteless; sl. sol. in water; sol. in 3 N HCl; m.w. 136.14; dens. 2.964; bulking value 0.052 gal/lb; oil absorp. 10; m.p. 1450 C; anionic Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust); nuisance dust; ingestion may result in intestinal obstruction because it absorbs water and hardens; no known toxicity on the skin; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts violently with aluminum when heated; mixts. with phosphorus ignite at high temps. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, dough strengthener, firming agent, sequestrant, anticaking agent, colorant, leavening agent, pH control agent, processing aid, stabilizer, texturizer, thickener, drying agent, synergist in foods; yeast food, flour treatment agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133, 133.102, 133.106, 133.111, 133.141, 133.165, 133.181, 133.183, 133.195, 137.105, 137.155, 137.160, 137.165, 137.170, 137.175, 137.180, 137.185, 150.141, 150.161, 155.200, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1460, 178.3297, 184.1230,; Canada DSL; 998

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051, limitation 16.69 lb/1000 gal; Japan approved with restrictions (1% max.); Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; not permitted in food (EU) Manuf./Distrib.: ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advance Research Chems. http://www.fluoridearc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allied Custom Gypsum http://www.alliedcustomgypsum.com; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Biologos http://www.biologos.com/; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Charles B. Chrystal http://www.cbchrystal.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Franklin Ind. Mins. http://www.frankmin.com Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Imperial-OELImport http://www.imperial-oel-import.de Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kemira Kemi AB http://www.kemirakemi.com/; King Ind. http://www.kingindustries.com/; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Lubrizol http://www.lubrizol.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com; Penta Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Stepan http://www.stepan.com Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; U.S. Gypsum http://www.usg.com/; Universal Preserv-AChem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Snow White® F&P Trade Names Containing: 2X Regular Paniplus®; ADM Cream Acid Salt; Arco B NB; Ascorbo-160-2 Powder; Bagel Base Bake Soft; Basic Natural™ TM; Brew Aid B Without Oxidants; Brewloid®; Cain's PDC (Pizza Dough Conditioner) Cameo Velvet®; Cameo Velvet WT; Doughmaker 4; Dri-Do; Drize-P Powder Eversoft Plus Kosher; Extram® H; Ferment Buffer; Imperial FD; Improved Paniplus M KC Yeast Food - No Bromate; KC Yeast Food - No Oxidants; Merecol® R; MLO®; Monofresh Super Panicrust LC K; Paniset®; Panistay®; Reduce®-150; Sof-One Soft Cel®; Soft Cel® (Without Soy Flour); Super-Zyme; Terra Alba Calcium sulfate (1:1). See Calcium sulfate Calcium sulfate dihydrate CAS 10101-41-4; 13397-24-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-900-3 Synonyms: Alabaster; Calcium (II) sulfate dihydrate (1:1:2); CI 77231; CI pigment white 25; Gypsum; Gypsum stone; Land plaster; Light spar; Magnesia white; Mineral white; Native calcium sulfate; Pigment white 25; Precipitated calcium sulfate; Terra alba Classification: Calcium compd.; sulfate salt 999

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: CaO4S • 2H2O Formula: CaSO4 • 2H2O Properties: Wh. lumps or powd.; odorless; sol. in water; very slowly sol. in glycerol; pract. insol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 172.10; dens. 2.32; m.p. 128 C (loses 1.5 H2O); b.p. 163 C (loses 2 H2O) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust); nuisance dust; irritant; human systemic effects by inh. (fibrosing alveolitis, respiratory system effects, effects on nose); questionable carcinogen Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry location; keep containers well closed when not in use Uses: Nutrient, calcium source, dietary supplement, filler, firming agent, sequestrant, stabilizer, thickener, pH control agent in foods; yeast food, dough conditioner in baked goods; carrier for bleaching agents Regulatory: FDA approved for orals; NF, BP, EP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Charles B. Chrystal http://www.cbchrystal.com; Dudley http://www.dudleychem.com/dudley.html EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Franklin Ind. Mins. http://www.frankmin.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Strem Chems. http://www.strem.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; U.S. Gypsum http://www.usg.com/; Universal Preserv-AChem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Calcium Sulfate BC 166; USG Terra Alba F&P Trade Names Containing: Gelcarin® DG 5262; Lacticol® F336; Terra Alba; Viscarin® PS 3377 Calcium (II) sulfate dihydrate (1:1:2). See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Calcium sulfite CAS 10257-55-3 INS226; E226 Synonyms: Sulfurous acid, calcium salt (1:1) Empirical: CaO3S Formula: CaSO3 Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. in sulfurous acid; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 120.14 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Preservative, antioxidant, color stabilizer in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Camida USA http://www.camida.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp Calcium sulfonate. See Calcium sulfate Calcium superoxide. See Calcium peroxide Calcium tartarate (INCI). See Calcium tartrate Calcium tartrate CAS 3164-34-9 (dihydrate); 5892-21-7 (anhydrous); EINECS/ELINCS 221-621-5 INS354 Synonyms: Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, calcium salt; Butanedioic acid, 2,3dihydroxy-, [R-(R,R)]-, calcium salt (1:1); Calcium tartarate (INCI); Calcium L-tartrate; Calcium tartrate dihydrate; Calcium tartrate tetrahydrate; 2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid, calcium salt; Tartaric acid, calcium salt Definition: Calcium salt of tartaric acid; avail. as the dihydrate and tetrahydrate Empirical: C4H4CaO6 1000

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Formula: CaC4H4O6 • 2H2O (dihydrate); CaC4H4O6 • 4H2O (tetrahydrate) Properties: Anhyd.: wh. cryst.; m.w. 188.14; Dihydrate: m.w. 224.18; Tetrahydrate; wh. powd.; m.w. 260.23; sol. in HCl; sl. sol. in water and ethanol Uses: Preservative, pH control agent in foods Regulatory: Australian approved food additive Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Calcium L-tartrate; Calcium tartrate dihydrate; Calcium tartrate tetrahydrate. See Calcium tartrate Calcium tetradecanoate. See Calcium myristate Calcium tetrahydrogen diorthophosphate. See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Calcium tetrahydrogen diorthophosphate monohydrate. See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate C10 alcohol. See Decyl alcohol C8 alcohols. See Caprylic alcohol C-8 aldehyde. See n-Octanal C-9 aldehyde. See Nonanal C10 aldehyde. See Decanal C-16 aldehyde. See Ethyl methylphenylglycidate C-12 aldehyde, lauric. See Lauric aldehyde C-14 aldehyde, myristic. See Myristaldehyde Calendula. See Calendula officinalis Calendula extract. See Calendula officinalis extract Calendula officinalis CAS 977001-93-6 FEMA 2658 Synonyms: Calendula; Marigold, pot; Pot marigold Definition: Derived from flowers of Calendula officinalis Properties: Volatile oil Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com See also Calendula officinalis extract Calendula officinalis extract CAS 84776-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 283-949-5 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Calendula extract; Calendula officinalis; Marigold extract; Marigold flower extract Definition: Extract of flowers of Calendula officinalis Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 300 mg/kg Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA GRAS; not listed as approved colorant for cosmetics under FDA 21CFR §73 and 74 Manuf./Distrib.: Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Cognis/Care Chems.; Cosmetochem Int'l. http://www.cosmetochem.com/; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com See also Calendula officinalis Calglucol; Calglucon. See Calcium gluconate California buckthorn. See Cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) extract Callitris quadrivalvis; Callitris quadrivalvis gum. See Sandarac (Callitris quadrivalvis) gum Callitropsis oil. See Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil C12 alpha olefin. See Dodecene-1 Calumba. See Calumba (Jatrorrhiza palmata) root Calumba (Jatrorrhiza palmata) root CAS 977000-55-7 Synonyms: Calumba; Colombo; Jatrorhiza palmata; Jatrorhiza palmata root Definition: Derived from Jatrorhiza palmata, contg. columbamine, palmatine, jateorhizine, columbin Properties: Yel.; sl. odor; bitter tonic taste Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages 1001

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Calumba (Jatrorrhiza palmata) root extract CAS 977000-74-0 Synonyms: Calumba root extract; Jatrorrhiza palmata; Jatrorrhiza palmata root extract Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510 Calumba root extract. See Calumba (Jatrorrhiza palmata) root extract Calx. See Calcium oxide Camellia oleifera. See Camellia oleifera extract Camellia oleifera extract CAS 84650-60-2 Synonyms: Camellia oleifera; Green tea extract; Tea leaf extract; Tea leaves extract Definition: Extract of the leaves of Camellia oleifera Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Gallaher Group http://www.gallahergroup.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Camellia sinensis. See Camellia sinensis extract Camellia sinensis extract CAS 84650-60-2; EINECS/ELINCS 283-519-7 Synonyms: Camellia sinensis; Camellia sinensis leaves extract; Green tea extract; Tea extract; Tea leaves extract; Thea sinensis extract Definition: Extract of the leaves of Camellia sinensis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Gallaher Group http://www.gallaher-group.com; Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com Camellia sinensis leaves extract. See Camellia sinensis extract Camomile extract. See Matricaria (Chamomilla recutita) extract; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract Camomile flower. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) flower; Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Camomile oil. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil Camphane, 2-hydroxy-; 2-Camphanol. See DLBorneol 2-Camphanol acetate. See Bornyl acetate 2-Camphanone. See Camphor 2-Camphanyl acetate. See Isobornyl acetate endo-2-Camphanyl ethanoate. See Bornyl acetate Endo-2-camphanyl valerate. See Bornyl valerate Camphene CAS 79-92-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-234-8 UN 2319; UN 9011 (DOT); FEMA 2229 Synonyms: Bicyclo (2.2.1) heptane, 2,2dimethyl-3-methylene-; 2,2-Dimethyl-3methylenebicyclo [2.2.1] heptane; 2,2Dimethyl-3-methylenenorbornane; 3,3Dimethyl-2-methylene norcamphane Definition: Occurs in many essential oils such as turpentine, cypress oil, camphor oil from Lauraceae species, bergamot oil, etc. Empirical: C10H16 Properties: Colorless cubic cryst., oily odor, terpene camphoraceous taste; sol. in alcohol, ether, cyclohexane, chlorinated solvs.; misc. with fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 136.26; dens. 0.842 (54/4 C); m.p. 50-51 C; b.p. 159 C; ref. index 1.452 (55 C); tenacity 1 hr. on blotter Toxicology: Toxic by ing.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; yields flamm. vapors when heated; reacts with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 4-613); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Camphor Allied Prods. http://www.camphor-allied.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr1002

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference hansen.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Trade Names: Camphene 46 Trade Names Containing: Camphene P&F, FCC Camphol. See DL-Borneol Camphor CAS 76-22-2; 464-49-3 (D-+); 21368-68-3 (DL); EINECS/ELINCS 200-945-0; 207-355-2 (D-+); 244-350-4 (DL) UN 1325; UN 2717 (DOT); FEMA 2230 (D-) Synonyms: 2-Bornanone; Bornan-2-one; 2Camphanone; Camphora; Cinnamomum camphora; Formosa camphor; Gum camphor; Japan camphor; 2-Keto-1,7,7trimethylnorcamphane; Laurel camphor; Matricaria camphor; 2-Oxobornane; 1,7,7Trimethylbicyclo (2.2.1)-2-heptanone; 1,7,7Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-one; 1,7,7Trimethylnorcamphor Classification: Aliphatic cyclohexyl compd. Definition: Ketone derived from wood of the camphor tree, Cinnamomum camphora or prepared synthetically Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Colorless or wh. translucent cryst. mass, char. fragrant penetrating odor, sl. bitter cooling taste; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, fixed/volatile oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 152.24; dens. 0.992 (25/4 C); m.p. 179.7 C; b.p. 204 C; subl. @ ambient temp./pressure; flash pt. 150 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 1310 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 3000 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., mouse, 3 h) 400 mg/m3; human poison by ing.; experimental poison by inh., subcut., IP routes; local irritant; ingestion by humans Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

may cause nausea, vomiting, vertigo, mental confusion, delirium, convulsions, coma, respiratory failure, death; chronic exposure may cause transient hepatic and renal damage; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with potassium permanganate; can react with oxidizers; vapor is explosive exposed to heat, flame, or CrO3 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep tightly closed away from heat Uses: Natural or synthetic flavoring agent in foods, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments Features: Medicinal-type flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 172.515, 175.105, 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; banned in U.S. for internal use; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Andrea Aromatics; Asiamerica Int'l. Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com Buckton Scott Ltd http://www.buckton.com; Camphor Allied Prods. http://www.camphor-allied.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/ Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; 1003

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; San Yuan; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; U.S. Synthetics; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Camphora. See Camphor Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil CAS 8008-51-3; EINECS/ELINCS 295-980-1 UN 1130 (DOT); FEMA 2231 Synonyms: Camphor, Japanese, white oil; Camphor oil; Camphor oil brown; Camphor oil light; Camphor oil, rectified; Camphor oil white; Camphor oil white Japanese; Camphor oil yellow; Camphor white oil; Cinnamomum camphora oil; Formosa camphor oil; Formose oil of campor; Japanese camphor oil; Light camphor oil; Liquid camphor; White camphor oil Definition: Oil extracted from the wood of the camphor tree, Cinnamomum camphora Properties: Colorless to yel.-brn. liq.; camphor or safrole odor; sol. in paraffin oil; insol. in water; dens. 0.87 kg/l (white), 0.97 kg/l (yel.), 1.07 kg/l (brown); b.p. > 200 C (yel.); flash pt. (TCC) 52 C; ref. index 1.46700-1.47200 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg; TDLo (oral, human) 29 mg/kg; primary irritant; mild skin irritant; may be harmful if swallowed; may be irritating if inhaled; may cause Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

tremors, convulsions in humans; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; avoid contact or contamination with strong acids, alkalis, or oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO and unidentified org. compds. may be formed during combustion Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Camphor, Japanese, white oil; Camphor oil; Camphor oil brown; Camphor oil light; Camphor oil, rectified; Camphor oil white; Camphor oil white Japanese; Camphor oil yellow; Camphor white oil. See Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil Canada turpentine; Canadian balsam. See Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea) Canadian fir needle oil. See Fir (Abies alba) needle oil Canadian hemlock oil. See Spruce oil Canadian snakeroot oil. See Snakeroot (Asarum canadense) oil Cananga; Cananga odorata; Cananga odorata oil; Cananga oil. See Ylang ylang (Cananga odorata) oil Canarium commune gum oil; Canarium commune oil. See Elemi oil 1004

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Canarium indicum resinoid. See Elemi gum Canarium luzonicum oil; Canarium oil. See Elemi oil Candelilla; Candelilla cera. See Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax CAS 8006-44-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-347-0 FEMA 3479; INS902; E902 Synonyms: Candelilla; Candelilla cera; Candelilla wax; Euphorbia cerifera wax Definition: Purified wax obtained from leaves of the candelilla plant, Euphorbia cerifera Properties: Yel.-brown to translucent solid; sol. in acetone, benzene, carbon disulfide, chloroform, hot petrol. ether, gasoline, oils, toluene, turpentine, CCl4; sparingly sol. in alcohol; pract. insol. in water; dens. 0.983; m.p. 67-68 C; acid no. 10-20; sapon. no. 5065; ref. index 1.4555 Toxicology: No known toxicity Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; glazing agent in foods, hard candy; lubricant, surfacefinishing agent, protective coating for citrus; masticatory substance in chewing gum base; natural flavoring agent in beverages, ice cream, confectionery, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, 176.180, 184.1976, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; approved for orals, topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Charlotte Chem. http://www.charlotte.com.mx; Darwin http://www.darwinchemical.com Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Candelilla Wax SP 50; Candelilla Wax SP 75; Candelilla Wax SP 78 Prime Quality Crude; Candelilla Wax SP 99; Candelilla Wax SP 350 Candelilla Wax Fine; Koster Keunen Candelilla; Ross Candelilla Wax Candelilla synthetic CAS 136097-95-5 Synonyms: Synthetic candelilla; Synthetic candelilla wax (INCI) Definition: Synthetic wax intended to be generally indistinguishable from natural candelilla wax Uses: Chewing gum base Manuf./Distrib.: Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Trade Names: Candelilla Wax SP 24A; Candelilla Wax SP 803 Candelilla wax. See Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax Candida utilis. See Yeast, dried Candlenut oil. See Kukui (Aleurites moluccana) nut oil Cane sugar. See Sucrose Canola. See Canola oil Canola acid CAS 67701-08-0 Synonyms: Canola fatty acid; C16-18 and C18 unsaturated alkylcarboxylic acid; Fatty acids, C16-18 and C18 unsaturated Classification: Fatty acid Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods Manuf./Distrib.: Peter Cremer N. Am. Trade Names: Glycon® CAN KFG; Industrene® 226 FG K Canola fatty acid. See Canola acid Canola methyl ester. See Methyl canolate Canola oil CAS 8002-13-9 ; 120962-03-0 Synonyms: Canola; Colza oil; Rapeseed; Rapeseed oil 1005

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Low-erucic rapeseed oil Properties: Yel.-brn. oily liq., odorless, bland flavor; insol. in water; dens. 0.913-0.917; m.p. 17-22 C; iodine no. 110-120; sapon. no. 180193; flash pt. (CC) 600 F Toxicology: Can cause acne-like skin eruptions Uses: Food ingred. (frying shortening, nondairy fat, salad oil) Features: Natural oil Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com Anar http://anarsoapandchemical.com/; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk Columbus Foods http://www.columbusfoods.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/ Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Spectrum Naturals http://www.spectrumnaturals.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com Trade Names: Liquid Canola Oil; Pureco® Canola Trade Names Containing: Sta-Set RC™ See also Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil Canola oil glyceride CAS 226993-77-7 Definition: Monoglyceride derived from canola oil Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer, antifoam, flavor enhancer, oil stabilizer in foods; emulsion stabilizer for diet spreads; aerating agent for icings Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Canola oil (low erucic acid rapeseed oil). See Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil Canola oil, methyl ester. See Methyl canolate Cantha; Canthaxanthin. See Canthaxanthine Canthaxanthine CAS 514-78-3; EINECS/ELINCS 208-187-2 INS161g; E161g Synonyms: Cantha; Canthaxanthin; βCarotene-4,4´-dione; CI 40850; 4,4´-Diketoβ-carotene; Food orange 8 Definition: Synthetic non-provitamin A carotenoid Empirical: C40H52O2 Properties: Violet cryst. solid; sol. in chloroform and various oils; very sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in water; easily absorbed by fat; m.w. 564.86; m.p. 211-213 C (dec.) Toxicology: Oral intake may cause loss of night vision; patients at risk for retinopathy should avoid excessive use Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Sensitive to light and oxygen; store under inert gas at low temps. Uses: Food additive; colorant for foods, pigmentation of egg yolks, broiler parts, tomato prods., salad dressings, fruit drinks, sausage prods., baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.75, 73.1075; exempt from certification, permanently listed for drug use; Europe listed; UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Trade Names: Lucantin® Red Trade Names Containing: Canthaxanthin 10% CWS/N Caoutchouc. See Natural rubber CAP. See Cellulose acetate phthalate Caparlem. See Cade oil Cape jasmine extract. See Gardenia Florida extract Capraldehyde. See Decanal Capraldehyde dimethyl acetal. See Decanal dimethyl acetal Capric acid CAS 334-48-5; EINECS/ELINCS 206-376-4 FEMA 2364; INS570; E570 Synonyms: n-Capric acid; Caprinic acid; Caprynic acid; Carboxylic acid C10; Decanoic acid; n-Decanoic acid; Decoic acid; n-Decoic acid; Decylic acid; n-Decylic 1006

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acid; 1-Nonanecarboxylic acid Classification: Fatty acid Empirical: C10H20O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)8COOH Properties: Wh. to pale yel. crystals, unpleasant odor; sol. in org. solvs. incl. ethanol, alkalis; insol. in water; m.w. 172.27; dens. 0.8858 (40 C); vapor dens. 5.9; m.p. 31.5 C; b.p. 270 C; flash pt (TCC) > 230 F; acid no. 320-330; ref. index 1.4288 (40 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 129 mg/kg; poison by IV route; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (fish, 96 h) 20 mg/kg Precaution: Combustible; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits COx, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Component in mfg. of food-grade additives; in defoamers for beet sugar and yeast processing; defoamer, lubricant, binder, foam stabilizer, glazing agent in foods; coatings on fresh citrus fruit; flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, shortening Features: Citrus-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.860, 173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.1010, 178.3570, 178.3910; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acmehardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Berje Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.berjeinc.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Primachem Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Trade Names: NAA-102 n-Capric acid. See Capric acid Capric acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl decanoate N-Capric acid isoamyl ester. See Isoamyl caprate Capric acid methyl ester. See Methyl caprate N-Capric acid, sodium salt. See Sodium caprate Capric alcohol. See Decyl alcohol Capric aldehyde. See Decanal Capric triglyceride Uses: Emulsifier in foods; solvent for flavors and oil-sol. food additives Features: Exc. fluidity Trade Names: Delios® C 1007

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Caprinaldehyde. See Decanal Caprinic acid. See Capric acid Caprinic alcohol. See Decyl alcohol Caproaldehyde. See Hexanal Caproic acid CAS 142-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 205-550-7 UN 1760; UN 2829 (DOT); FEMA 2559 Synonyms: Butylacetic acid; n-Caproic acid; Capronic acid; Carboxylic acid C6; Hexanoic acid; 1-Hexanoic acid; n-Hexanoic acid; Hexoic acid; Pentiformic acid; Pentylformic acid Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)4COOH Properties: Colorless oily liq., odor of Limburger cheese; very sol. in ether, fixed oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 116.18; dens. 0.9295 (20/20 C); f.p. -3.4 C; b.p. 205 C; flash pt. (COC) 215 F; ref. index 1.415-1.418 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3000 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 3180 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 3180 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 630 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, IP, and subcut. routes; corrosive; skin and severe eye irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; combustible exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; washing/lye peeling of fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 173.315, 184.1025; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acmehardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Axxence Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de B.I. Chems.; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Chisso Am.; CoKEM Assoc. De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/ Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Primachem Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; United Coconut Chem. http://www.cocochem.ph Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names: NAA-60 n-Caproic acid. See Caproic acid Caproic acid allyl ester. See Allyl caproate N-Caproic acid isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl hexanoate Caproic aldehyde. See Hexanal δ-Caprolactone. See δ-Hexalactone γ-Caprolactone. See γ-Hexalactone Capronaldehyde. See Hexanal Capronic acid. See Caproic acid Caproyl alcohol. See Hexyl alcohol 1008

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference n-Caproylaldehyde. See Hexanal Caproyl ethanol. See 3-Octanon-1-ol Capryl acetate. See Decyl acetate Capryl alcohol. See 2-Octanol Caprylaldehyde. See n-Octanal Caprylic acid CAS 124-07-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-677-5 UN 3265; FEMA 2799; INS570; E570 Synonyms: C8 acid; n-Caprylic acid; 1Heptanecarboxylic acid; Octanoic acid; nOctanoic acid; Octic acid; Octoic acid; nOctoic acid; n-Octylic acid Classification: Fatty acid Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)6COOH Properties: Colorless leaf or oily liq.; unpleasant odor; burning rancid taste; sol. in alkalis, ethanol, chloroform, ether, carbon disulfide, petrol. ether, glac. acetic acid; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 144.21; dens. 0.91 (20/4 C); vapor dens. 4.9; m.p. 16 C; b.p. 237.5 C; flash pt. (TCC) 110 C; ref. index 1.4280 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10,080 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; yields irritating vapors which can cause coughing; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, alkalies Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, antimicrobial, foam stabilizer, glazing agent, antifoam in foods; mfg. of food-grade additives, defoamers, lubricants; antimicrobial preservative in cheese wraps; coatings on fresh citrus fruit; washing/lye peeling of fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.860, 173.315, 173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.1010, 178.3570, 178.3910, 184.1025, GRAS; GRAS as indirect additive; FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; AcmeHardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Imperial-OEL-Import http://www.imperialoel-import.de; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Primachem; Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence 1009

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; United Coconut Chem. http://www.cocochem.ph; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Trade Names: NAA-82 n-Caprylic acid. See Caprylic acid Caprylic acid calcium salt. See Calcium caprylate Caprylic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl caprylate Caprylic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol. See Propylene glycol caprylate Caprylic acid monoglyceride. See Glyceryl caprylate Caprylic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester. See Tricaprylin Caprylic acid sodium salt. See Sodium caprylate Caprylic acid triglyceride. See Tricaprylin Caprylic alcohol CAS 111-87-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-917-6 FEMA 2800 Synonyms: Alcohol C8; C8 alcohols; Heptyl carbinol; 1-Hydroxyoctane; Octanol; 1Octanol; Octan-1-ol; n-Octanol; Octyl alcohol; n-Octyl alcohol; Primary octyl alcohol Classification: Primary aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C8H18O Formula: CH3(CH2)6CH2OH Properties: Colorless oily liq., fresh orange-rose odor, sl. herbaceous taste; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; misc. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 130.26; dens. 0.827; vapor pressure 0.0794 mm Hg; m.p. 16.7 C; b.p. 194.5 C; flash pt. 81 C; ref. index 1.429 (20 C); surf. tens. 26.92 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 10.34 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 1790 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 69 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; skin and eye irritant; does not readily form a vapor; vapors may cause CNS depression; can probably cause 'alcohol' intoxication effects; may cause severe lung damage, respiratory and/or cardiac arrest and death if aspirated into lungs; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.58; ThOD 2.95 Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from heat and ignition sources Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, intermediate, solvent for beverages, candy, gelatin desserts, ice cream, pudding mixes; defoamer in microcapsules for encapsulating flavoring substances Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.230, 172.515 (only for encapsulating lemon, dist. lime, orange, peppermint, and spearmint oils), 172.864, 173.280, 175.105, 175.300, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.1390, 177.2800, 178.3480; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; M. Michel http://www.mmichel.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; Shandong Haihua Tianhe http://www.tianhe-chemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Caprylic aldehyde. See n-Octanal 1010

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Caprylic/capric acid CAS 67762-36-1; EINECS/ELINCS 267-013-3 Synonyms: Fatty acids, C6-12 Uses: Lubricant, release agent, binder, defoamer in foods; intermediate for food emulsifiers Manuf./Distrib.: Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Caprylic, capric acid, propylene glycol diester. See Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate Caprylic/capric glycerides CAS 85409-09-2; EINECS/ELINCS 287-075-5 E471 Synonyms: Glycerides, C8-10 Definition: Mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of caprylic and capric acids Properties: Nonionic Uses: Antifoam for foods, prod. of sweets, preserves, jams, potato prods. and flavorings Regulatory: FDA 21, CFR § 184.1505; GRAS; Canada DSL Trade Names: Imwitor® 742; Witafrol® 7420 Caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride CAS 68991-68-4 Synonyms: Dodecanoic acid, mixed triesters with octanoic acid, decanoic acid, and 1,2,3-propanetriol Definition: Mixed triester of glycerin with caprylic, capric and lauric acids Uses: Emollient, solvent, carrier, fixing agent, and extender for nutritional applics. Trade Names: Captex® 350 Caprylic/capric/linoleic triglyceride Synonyms: 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, mixed triesters with octanoic acid, decanoic acid, and 1,2,3-propanetriol Definition: Mixed triester of glycerin with caprylic, capric, and linoleic acids Uses: Emollient, solvent, carrier, fixing agent, and extender for nutritional applics.; carrier for flavors and fragrances Trade Names: Captex® 810D Caprylic/capric/oleic triglyceride Uses: Emollient, solvent, and extender in nutritional applics.; carrier for flavors and fragrances Caprylic/capric/stearic triglyceride CAS 308067-08-5 Synonyms: Octadecanoic acid, mixed triesters with octanoic acid, decanoic acid, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

and 1,2,3-propanetriol Classification: Nonhydrogenated, low-trans structured lipid Definition: Mixed triester of glycerin with caprylic, capric and stearic acids Uses: Ingred. in food Trade Names: Captex® SBE Caprylic/capric triglyceride CAS 526220-27-2; 65381-09-1; 73398-61-5; EINECS/ELINCS 265-724-3, 277-452-2 Synonyms: Glycerides, mixed decanoyl and octanoyl; Glyceryl caprylate/caprate; Glyceryl tricaprylate/caprate; Medium chain triglycerides; Mixed decanoic and octanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol; Mono decanoyl octanoyl glyceride; Octanoic/decanoic acid triglyceride; ODOL; Triglycerides, mixed decanoate and octanoate Definition: Mixed triester of glycerin and caprylic and capric acids Properties: Transparent or ylsh. cl. liq.; HLB 4 6; acid no. 0.5 max. ; iodine no. 1.0 max.; sapon. no. 260 - 290; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >2 g/kg; eye irritant Environmental: Biodeg. Precaution: Keep away from heat, sparks or open flames. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier in foods; bakery lubricant; release agent, glazing agent for confectionery; solvent carrier for flavors and fragrances; emulsifier and softener of chewing gum matrix Regulatory: Approved for topicals Manuf./Distrib.: Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Stepan http://www.stepan.com Trade Names: Aldo® MCT; Aldo® MCT KFG; Aldo® MCT Special KFG; Captex® 300; 1011

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Captex® 300 EP/NF Captex® 355 EP/NF; Captex® 355; Coconad RK; Crodamol GTCC; Delios® S Delios® V; Delios® VK; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3580 MCT Oil; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577 Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579; Lexol® GT-865; Liponate GC-K; Miglyol® 810; Miglyol® 810 N Miglyol® 812; Miglyol® 812 N; Miglyol® 8108; NEOBEE® 1053; NEOBEE® M-5 Trade Names Containing: Captex® CA; DREWMULSE® GMC-810; Phosal® 53 MCT; Triol 91 Caprylic glycinate Trade Names Containing: Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300 Caprylic triglyceride Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods; coffee whitener; flavor diluent Trade Names: Coconad MT Capryloamphocarboxyglycinate; Capryloamphodiacetate. See Disodium capryloamphodiacetate Capryl propionate. See Decyl propionate Caprylyl acetate. See Octyl acetate Caprynic acid. See Capric acid Capsaicin synthetic analog. See Nonanoyl 4hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamide Capsanthin/capsorubin E160c Definition: Coloring material derived from paprika oleoresin, consistg. predominantly of capsanthin and capsorubin Uses: Colorant in foods (including eggs and meat products Capsicin. See Oleoresin capsicum Capsicum CAS 977007-72-9; 977071-33-2; 8023-77-6 FEMA 2266, 2849 Synonyms: Capsicum annuum; Capsicum frutescens; Cayenne; Cayenne pepper; Red pepper Definition: Plant material derived from dried ripe fruit of Capsicum frutescens or C. annuum, contg. capsaicin Toxicology: In large doses, can cause diarrhea and weight loss Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

condiments, meats, pickles, soups Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §73.340, 101.22, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Steve Weiss http://www.steveweiss.com Capsicum annum. See Paprika (Capsicum annum) Capsicum annum oleoresin. See Oleoresin paprika Capsicum annuum. See Capsicum Capsicum extract. See Capsicum frutescens extract Capsicum frutescens. See Capsicum; Capsicum frutescens extract; Oleoresin capsicum Capsicum frutescens extract CAS 84625-29-6; 85940-30-3; 8023-77-6; EINECS/ELINCS 283-403-6; 288-920-0 FEMA 2233 Synonyms: Capsicum extract; Capsicum frutescens Definition: Extract of the dried fruit of the capsicum, Capsicum frutescens Toxicology: Mutagen Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Kalsec http://www.kalsec.com; Phoenix Aromas http://www.phoenixaromas.com Capsicum frutescens oleoresin (INCI); Capsicum frutescens resin; Capsicum oleoresin. See Oleoresin capsicum Caramel CAS 8028-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-435-9 FEMA 2235; INS150abcd; E150abcd Synonyms: Burnt sugar; Burnt sugar coloring; Caramel color; Natural brown 10; Plain caramel Definition: Obtained from heating sucrose or glucose sol'ns.; with E numbers based on type: E150a- no ammonia or sulfite reactants, 1012

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference E150b- sulfite reactant but no ammonia, E150c- ammonia reactants but no sulfite, E150d- sulfite and ammonia reactants Properties: Dk. brn. to black liq. or solid, char. burnt sugar odor, pleasant bitter taste; sol. in water (colloidal); sol. in dil. alcohol up to 55% (v/v); insol. in most org. solvs.; sp.gr. 1.25-1.38 Toxicology: Mutagenic data; may reduce wh. blood cells and destroy vitamin B6; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Food additive; flavoring agent, sweetener, colorant for foods, soft drinks (esp. root beer, colas), blended whiskey, beer, baked goods, syrups, preserves, candies, pet food, canned meat prods.; processing aid Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 73.1085, 73.2085, 182.1235, 582.1235, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan restricted; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals, rectals, topicals, permanently listed; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adept Sol'ns.; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast Brenntag Specialties; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com; FONA Int'l. http://www.fona.com/ Foote & Jenks http://www.footeandjenks.com/; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sensient Flavors http://www.sensienttech.com; Sensient Pharm. Tech. http://www.sensient-tech.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Triple Crown Am. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Acid Proof Caramel Powder; B&C Caramel Powder; Double Strength Acid Proof Caramel Colour; Sethness AP100; Sethness OC90 Sethness OC234; Sethness P060; Sethness P170; Sethness P212; Sethness RT80 Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115; Sethness SP50; Sethness SSC300; Sethness YT25 Caramel acetate. See Furaneol acetate Caramel color. See Caramel Caraway. See Caraway (Carum carvi) Caraway, black. See Black caraway (Nigella sativa) Caraway (Carum carvi) CAS 977001-27-6; 85940-31-4 FEMA 2236 Synonyms: Caraway; Carum carvi Definition: Dried fruit, often termed seeds, of Carum carvi Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, condiments, cook cheese, rye bread, meats, vegetables Features: Strongly aromatic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§101.22, 133.127, 182.10; FEMA GRAS Caraway (Carum carvi) oil CAS 8000-42-8; 85940-31-4; EINECS/ELINCS 288-921-6 FEMA 2238 Synonyms: Caraway oil; Carum carvi; Carum carvi fruit oil; Carum carvi oil Definition: Volatile oil distilled from the dried ripe fruit of Carum carvi, contg. carvone, dlimonene Properties: Colorless to pale yel. clear oily liq., caraway odor and taste; darkens and thickens with age; sol. in 8 vols. 80% alcohol; pract. insol. in water; dens. 0.900-0.910 (25/25 C); ref. index 1.485-1.497 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3500 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1780 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 1013

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, condiments, meats, cookies, liqueurs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, 182.20, 582.20 GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Caraway oil. See Caraway (Carum carvi) oil Carbamide; Carbamide resin; Carbamidic acid; Carbamimidic acid. See Urea Carbamodithioic acid, cyano-, disodium salt. See Disodium cyanodithioimidocarbonate Carbamodithioic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt. See Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate Carbethoxyacetic ester. See Diethyl malonate p-Carbethoxyphenol. See Ethylparaben Carbinol. See Methyl alcohol Carbohydrase EINECS/ELINCS 232-575-0 Synonyms: Aspergillus niger carbohydrase Definition: Enzyme prep. from varieties of Aspergillus niger; examples are amylase, invertase, and maltase Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10 g/kg, (oral, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mouse) 4 g/kg Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Production aid, enzyme for breakdown of complex carbohydrates for foods; removal aid for visceral mass in clams processing, shells in shrimp processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.120 Trade Names: Brewers Fermex®; Brewers Mylase® Carbohydrase-protease Classification: Enzyme Definition: Obtained from fermentation of Bacillus licheniformis Properties: Brn. amorphous powd. or liq.; sol. in water; insol. i alcohol, chloroform, ether Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins or carbohydrates for use in alcoholic beverages, nutritive sweeteners, protein hydrolysates, starch syrups, candy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1027, GRAS Carbohydrate gum. See Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 'Carbolic acid'. See Phenol 2-Carbomethoxyaniline; o-Carbomethoxyaniline. See Methyl anthranilate 3-(Carbomethoxymethyl)-2pentylcyclopentanone. See Methyl dihydrojasmonate 2-Carbomethoxyphenol. See Methyl salicylate 3-(Carbomethoxy) pyridine. See Methyl nicotinate Carbon, activated CAS 7440-44-0; 64365-11-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-153-3 UN NA 1361 (DOT); UN 1362 (DOT) Synonyms: Activated carbon; Active carbon; CI 77265; Decolorizing carbon; Graphite; Pigment black 10 Empirical: C Properties: Black porous solid, coarse gran., or powd.; odorless; tasteless; insol. in water, org. solvs.; m.w. 12.01; dens. 0.08-0.5 Toxicology: Toxic by inh. of dust; dust irritant, esp. to eyes and mucous membranes; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. solid; DOT: spontaneously combustible; dust is flamm. and explosive when exposed to heat, flame, 1014

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference or oxides HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Decolorizing agent, taste/odor control agent, purification agent in food processing; processing aid, colorant, coloring adjunct in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.1210, 240.365, 240.401, 240.405, 240.527, 240.527a, GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; USDA 9CFR §318.7 Manuf./Distrib.: AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Asbury Carbons http://www.asbury.com; Calgon Carbon http://www.calgoncarbon.com Carbochem http://www.carbochem.com; Ceca SA http://www.ceca.fr; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Graver Tech. http://www.gravertech.com/ Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com MeadWestvaco http://www.meadwestvaco.com; Melchemie bv http://www.melchemie.com/; Millipore http://www.millipore.com; Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/; NUCON Int'l. http://www.nucon-int.com NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Norit Am. http://www.norit-americas.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; ProSciTech http://www.proscitech.com.au; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Süd-Chemie Inc http://www.sudchemieinc.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vara Int'l. http://www.calgoncarbon.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Acticarbone®; Anticromos®; Calgon® Carbon Type ADP; Calgon® Carbon Type APA; Calgon® Carbon Type APC

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Calgon® Carbon Type BL®; Calgon® Carbon Type C®; Calgon® Carbon Type CAL®; Calgon® Carbon Type Cane Cal®; Calgon® Carbon Type CPG® LF Calgon® Carbon Type GW; Calgon® Carbon Type GW 12x40; Calgon® Carbon Type OL®; Calgon® Carbon Type PWA®; Calgon® Carbon Type RB® Calgon® Carbon Type SGL®; Type CG6 8x30; Type CG6/AW 8x30; Type CG6/AW 12x40; Type PAC-TS Carbonate magnesium. See Magnesium carbonate Carbonate of potash. See Potassium carbonate Carbon black CAS 1333-86-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-609-9 INS152 Synonyms: Acetylene black; Carbon black acetylene; Channel black; Charcoal; CI 77266; Furnace black; Lamp black; Oilfurnace black; Pigment black 6; Pigment black 7; Thermal acetylene black; Thermal atomic black; Thermal black; Vegetable carbon Definition: Finely divided particles of elemental carbon obtained by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons (channel or impingement process) Properties: Insol. in water, ethanol, veg. oil Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 3.5 mg/m3; TCLo (inh., rat, 6 h) 50 mg/m3; TLV 3.5 mg/m3; low toxicity by ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact; nuisance dust in high concs.; suspected carcinogen; tumorigen, mutagen; TSCA listed Uses: Purification agent, colorant in food processing Regulatory: Banned by US FDA; channel carbon black: FDA 21CFR §176.170, 177.1650, 177.2400, 177.2600, 178.3297; not permitted for food (EU); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Akrochem http://www.akrochem.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Archway Sales http://www.archwaysales.com; Asbury Carbons http://www.asbury.com BASF http://www.basf.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf; Cabot 1015

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://w1.cabot-corp.com; Chem-Materials http://www.chem-materials.com Columbian Chems. http://www.columbianchemicals.com; Continental Carbon http://www.continentalcarbon.com; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; Degussa Engineered Carbons; Elementis Spec. http://www.elementisspecialties.com ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Heucotech Ltd http://www.heubachcolor.de; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; Landers-Segal Color http://www.pigments.com/; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Royale Pigments & Chems. http://www.royalepigments-chem.com; San Yuan; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Tamms Ind. http://www.tamms.com; Tiarco http://www.tiarco.com/; Zeochem http://www.zeochem.com/ See also Vegetable carbon Carbon black acetylene. See Carbon black Carbon difluoride oxide. See Carbonyl fluoride Carbon dioxide CAS 124-38-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-696-9 UN 1013 (DOT); UN 1015 (DOT); UN 1041 (DOT); UN 1845 (DOT); UN 1952 (DOT); UN 2187 (DOT); INS290; E290 Synonyms: Carbonic acid anhydride; Carbonic acid gas; Carbonic anhydride; Dry ice Classification: Gas Empirical: CO2 Properties: Colorless gas; odorless; sol. 1 vol. dissolves in about 1 vol. of water; m.w. 44.01; m.p. subl. @ -78.5 C; nonflamm. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5000 ppm; STEL 30,000 ppm; LCLo, (inh., human, 1 min) 10 pph; asphyxiant at > 10%; skin contact can cause burns; experimental teratogen; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Various dusts explode in CO2 atmospheres; several bulk metals will burn in CO2; reacts vigorously with various chems.; incompat. with acrylaldehyde, aziridine, metal acetylides, sodium peroxide Uses: Direct food additive; preservative, aerating agent, carbonation agent, cooling agent, freezing agent, leavening agent, pH control agent, processing aid, propellant, aerating agent, packing gas in foods, carbonated beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.115, 169.140, 169.150 GRAS, USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; BATF 27CFR 240.1051; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL; FDA approved for inhalants; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: ADM Ethanol Sales; AF Pharmaceuticals; Air Liquide Am. http://www.us.airliquide.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Airgas Carbonic http://www.airgas.com/carbonic Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BOC Gases http://www.boc.com; Continental Carbonic Prods. http://www.continentalcarbonic.com/; Dow http://www.dow.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com Messer http://www.messergroup.com; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html; Nova Ltd http://www.novachem.com; Praxair http://www.praxair.com Scott Spec. Gases http://www.scottgas.com; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Carbon fluoride oxide. See Carbonyl fluoride Carbonic acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium carbonate Carbonic acid anhydride. See Carbon dioxide Carbonic acid calcium salt; Carbonic acid calcium salt (1:1). See Calcium carbonate Carbonic acid, diammonium salt. See Ammonium carbonate Carbonic acid dipotassium salt. See Potassium carbonate Carbonic acid disodium salt. See Sodium carbonate Carbonic acid, disodium salt, compd. with hydrogen peroxide (2:3). See Sodium 1016

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference percarbonate Carbonic acid gas. See Carbon dioxide Carbonic acid magnesium salt; Carbonic acid magnesium salt (1:1); Carbonic acid magnesium salt (2:1). See Magnesium carbonate Carbonic acid monoammonium salt. See Ammonium bicarbonate Carbonic acid monopotassium salt. See Potassium bicarbonate Carbonic acid monosodium salt. See Sodium bicarbonate Carbonic acid, sodium salt (2:3). See Sodium sesquicarbonate Carbonic acid, zinc salt (1:1). See Zinc carbonate Carbonic anhydride. See Carbon dioxide Carbonic difluoride. See Carbonyl fluoride Carbon oil. See Benzene Carbon oxyfluoride. See Carbonyl fluoride Carbonyl diamide; Carbonyldiamine. See Urea Carbonyl difluoride. See Carbonyl fluoride Carbonyl fluoride CAS 353-50-4 UN 2417 (DOT) Synonyms: Carbon difluoride oxide; Carbon fluoride oxide; Carbonic difluoride; Carbon oxyfluoride; Carbonyl difluoride; Difluoroformaldehyde; Fluophosgene; Fluoroformyl fluoride; Fluorophosgene Empirical: CF2O Formula: COF2 Properties: Colorless gas; pungent; instantly hydrolyzed by water; m.w. 66.01; dens. 1.139 (-114 C); m.p. -114 C; b.p. -83.1 C; nonflamm. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 ppm; STEL 5 ppm; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) 360 ppm; mod. toxic by inh.; strong irritant to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Poison gas; hydrolyzes instantly to form HF on contact with moisture Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of CO and F– Storage: Hygroscopic Trade Names Containing: Descote® Thiamine Mononitrate 331/3%

Carboxycyclohexane. See Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Carboxyethane. See Propionic acid 2-(1-Carboxyethoxy)-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl stearate. See Stearoyl lactylic acid 2-Carboxyfuran. See 2-Furoic acid 4-[2-(2-Carboxy-5-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2,3dihydrohydroxy-1H-indol-1-yl)ethenyl)-2,3dihydro-2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid. See Betanine 3-Carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid sodium salt. See Sodium citrate 3-Carboxy-5-hydroxy-1-p-sulfophenyl-4-psulfophenylazopyrazole trisodium salt. See FD&C Yellow No. 5; Tartrazine 3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1propanaminium hydroxide, inner salt. See LCarnitine Carboxylic acid C4. See n-Butyric acid Carboxylic acid C5. See 2-Methylbutyric acid Carboxylic acid C5. See n-Valeric acid Carboxylic acid C-6. See Diethylacetic acid Carboxylic acid C6. See Caproic acid Carboxylic acid C7. See Heptanoic acid Carboxylic acid C9. See Nonanoic acid Carboxylic acid C10. See Capric acid Carboxylic acid C18. See Stearic acid

Carbonyl iron. See Iron Carboxide. See Calcium hydroxide 4-Carboxyaniline; p-Carboxyaniline. See pAminobenzoic acid Carboxybenzene. See Benzoic acid

Carboxymethylcellulose CAS 9000-11-7 FEMA 2239 Synonyms: Cellulose carboxymethyl ether Classification: Synthetic gum Toxicology: LD (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; LD50 (IV, mouse) 47 mg/kg; shown to cause cancer in animals when ingested; toxicity on skin not known; may cause immune responses; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, icings, toppings, meats; substance migrating from cotton/cotton fabrics in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 182.70; FDA approved for orals; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com;

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Colony Ind. Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com; Hercules http://www.herc.com; Inchema http://www.inchema-usa.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names Containing: Cake STA; Textureze™ NB 100 See also Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Carboxymethylcellulose calcium. See Calcium carboxymethyl cellulose Carboxymethyl cellulose, enzymatically hydrolyzed. See Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, enzymatically hydrolyzed Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CAS 9004-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-995-8 INS466; E466 Synonyms: Carboxymethylcellulose; Carboxymethylcellulose, sodium salt; Carboxymethyl ether cellulose sodium salt; Carmellose sodium; Cellulose carboxymethyl ether; Cellulose carboxymethyl ether sodium salt; Cellulose glycolic acid sodium salt; Cellulose gum (INCI); Cellulose, polyanionic; Cellulose sodium glycolate; CMC; CMC sodium salt; NaCMC; SCMC; Sodium carboxymethylcellulose; Sodium cellulose glycolate; Sodium CMC; Sodium CMcellulose Classification: Synthetic cellulose gum Definition: Sodium salt of the polycarboxymethyl ether of cellulose Formula: RnOCH2COONa Properties: Colorless or wh. powd. or gran., odorless; water sol. depends on degree of substitution; insol. in org. liqs.; m.w. 21,000500,000; visc. various; m.p. > 300 C; pH 6.58.5 (1%); Anionic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,000 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., 4 h, rat) > 5800 mg/m3; mildly toxic by ing.; questionable carcinogen; experimental reproductive effects, neoplastigenic data; tumorigen; migrates to food from pkg. materials; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Food additive; stabilizer, binder, thickener, emulsifier, extender in foods; boiler water additive (food contact); migrating from cotton in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.134, 133.178, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 173.310, 175.105, 175.300, 182.70, 182.1745, 582.1745, GRAS; USDA 9CFR 318.7, limitation 1.5%, must be added dry; 9CFR 381.147; Canada DSL; Japan restricted (2% max.); Europe listed; UK approved; approved for dentals, injectables, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Arthur Branwell http://www.branwell.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF http://www.basf.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/; FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Gumix Int'l.; Hercules/Aqualon 1018

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.aqualon.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com J.W.S. Delavau http://www.delavau.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sansho http://www.sansho.co.jp Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wako Chem. USA http://www.wakousa.com Trade Names: Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085; Akucell® AF 3295; Aqualon® 7H0F; Aqualon® 7H0XF; Aqualon® 7H3SF Aqualon® 7H3SXF; Aqualon® 7H4F; Aqualon® 7H4XF; Aqualon® 7HC4F; Aqualon® 7HCF Aqualon® 7HF; Aqualon® 7HXF; Aqualon® 7LF; Aqualon® 7LXF; Aqualon® 7M8SF Aqualon® 7MF; Aqualon® 9H4F; Aqualon® 9H4XF; Aqualon® 9M8F; Aqualon® 9M8XF Aqualon® 9M31F; Aqualon® 9M31XF; Aqualon® Cellulose Gum; Aqualon® CMCT; Cekol® 30 Cekol 150; Cekol® 300; Cekol® 500 T; Cekol® 700; Cekol® 2000 Cekol® 2000S; Cekol® 4000; Cekol® 10000; Cekol® 10000 I; Cekol® 30000

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cekol® 50000; Cekol® 100000; Cellogen HP-5HS; Cellogen HP-6HS; Cellogen HP6HS.9 Cellogen HP-8A; Cellogen HP-12HS; Cellogen HP-SB; CMC Daicel; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Multi-Kem HP12HS; TIC Pretested® CMC 2500 S; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 15 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 X Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC PH-2500 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Fine Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15000 Powder; Tylopur® C 300 P2; Tylopur® C 600 G1; Tylopur® C 1000 P2 Tylopur® C 6000 G1; Tylopur® C 10000 P2; Tylopur® CB 30000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2; Walocel® CRT 30 A Walocel® CRT 70 A; Walocel® CRT 100 A; Walocel® CRT 1000 A; Walocel® CRT 2000 A; Walocel® CRT 10000 A Walocel® CRT 15000 A; Walocel® CRT 20000 A; Walocel® CRT 30000 A Trade Names Containing: Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581; Avicel® RC-591F; Crodacreme Range; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC Fat Replacer 785; Insta*Thick® CMC 10(12) HS; Lactarin® XP 3410; SeaGel® XP 3428; Tabulose® SC-200 Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscarin® JC 1270; Viscarin® XP 3399; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-611; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 Xylitab® 200 See also Carboxymethylcellulose Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium, partially enzymatically hydrolyzed. See Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, enzymatically 1019

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference hydrolyzed Carboxymethylcellulose, sodium salt; Carboxymethyl ether cellulose sodium salt. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Carboxymethylmethylcellulose Synonyms: CMMC Classification: Water-sol. resin Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, rheology control agent, film-former, suspending agent, water-retention aid, binder in foods Carboxymethyl starch sodium salt. See Sodium starch glycolate (Carboxymethyl) trimethylammonium hydroxide, inner salt. See Betaine Carboxyphenol. See Ethylparaben 4-Carboxyphenol. See 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid p-Carboxyphenylamine. See p-Aminobenzoic acid 9-(o-Carboxyphenyl)-6-hydroxy-2,4,5,7tetraiodo-3-isoxanthone. See FD&C Red No. 3 3-Carboxypyridine. See Nicotinic acid 1-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylmethanaminium hydroxide, inner salt. See Betaine Cardam fruit; Cardamom. See Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) CAS 977005-95-0; 8000-66-6 FEMA 2240 Synonyms: Cardam fruit; Cardamom; Cardamom fruit; Cardamom seed; Cardamon; Elettaria cardamomum; Grains of paradise Definition: Dried ripe seeds of Elettaria cardamomum Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Aromatic, natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 182.10, 582.10, GRAS; FDA approved for orals; FEMA GRAS; BP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil CAS 8000-66-6; 85940-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 288-922-1 FEMA 2241 Synonyms: Cardamom oil; Cardamom seed oil; Cardamon oil; Elettaria cardamomum; Elettaria cardamomum oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained from the dried Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ripe seeds of Elettaria cardamomum, contg. eucalyptol, sabinene, etc. Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq., aromatic penetrating odor of cardamom, pungent taste; sol. in ether; misc. with alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.917-0.947 (25/4 C); ref. index 1.4630-1.4660 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, pickles, condiments, curry sauces, confectionery, liqueurs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Cardamom fruit. See Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) Cardamom oil. See Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil Cardamom seed. See Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) 1020

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Cardamom seed oil. See Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil Cardamon. See Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) Cardamon oil. See Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil Caricaxanthin. See Kryptoxanthin Carmellose calcium. See Calcium carboxymethyl cellulose Carmellose sodium. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Carmine; Carmine alum lake; Carmine, certified. See Carmine (Coccus cacti) Carmine (Coccus cacti) CAS 1390-65-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-724-4 FEMA 2242; INS120; E120 Synonyms: Alum carmine; Aluminum calcium lake; Alum lake; Alum lake of carminic acid; Carmine; Carmine alum lake; Carmine, certified; Carmine extract; Carmine, high purity biological stain; B Rose Liq. Definition: Aluminum lake of the coloring agent, cochineal; cochineal is a natural pigment derived from the dried female insect Coccus cacti Empirical: C22H20O13 Properties: Bright red cryst., easily powdered; sol. in alkali, borax; sl. sol. in hot water; pract. insol. in cold water, dilute acids; m.w. 492.39; decomp. @ 250 C Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorption; may cause eye/skin irritation; suspected of causing food intolerance; may cause allergic cheilitis, occupational asthma in sensitive patients Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, aluminum oxide; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Colorant in foods, esp. for producing pink shades in retorted protein prods., candy, confections; natural flavoring agent in foods, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.100, must be pasteurized to destroy Salmonella, 73.1100, 73.2087; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals, exempt from certification, permanently listed; JEFCA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Fruit Processors http://www.americanfruit.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Burlington Bio-Medical; Chemetall Chem. Prods. http://www.chemetall.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Dudley http://www.dudleychem.com/dudley.html; F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/ Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/ Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; MLG Enterprises; MP Biomedicals http://www.mpbio.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; ProSciTech http://www.proscitech.com.au; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sensient Flavors http://www.sensienttech.com; Sensient Pharm. Tech. http://www.sensient-tech.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Trade Names: Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF 1021

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Carmine extract; Carmine, high purity biological stain. See Carmine (Coccus cacti) Carnauba. See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax CAS 8015-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-399-4 INS903; E903 Synonyms: Brazil wax; Carnauba; Carnauba wax; Cera carnauba; Copernica cerefera wax; Copernicia cerifera wax; Waxes, carnauba Definition: Wax obtained from leaves and leaf buds of the carnauba palm, Copernica cerifera Properties: Yel. greenish brown lumps, solid, char. odor; sol. in ether, alkalis, warm benzene, warm chloroform, toluene; sl. sol. in boiling alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.995 (15/15 C); m.p. 82-85.5 C; acid no. 2-7; sapon. no. 78-89; ref. index 1.4500 Toxicology: Essentially nontoxic; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Protect from light Uses: Direct food additive; anticaking agent, glazing agent, coating agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, surfacefinishing agent in foods, baked goods, confections, fresh and processed fruits, gravies, soft candy; chewing gum base; glazing agent, polishing agent for candies Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 184.1978, GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed (permitted only in chocolate prods.); UK approved; approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alland & Robert http://www.allandetrobert.fr; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; British Wax Refining http://www.british-wax.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Chemcor; CoKEM Assoc.; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Freund Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.freund.co.jp; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kimpton Bros. Ltd http://www.kimpton.co.uk; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Mitsui & Co. USA http://www.mitsui.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Powdersize http://www.powdersize.com; Roeper GmbH http://www.roeper.de; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Scheel http://www.scheelcorp.com/; Shamrock Tech. http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Specialty Prods. http://www.specialtyproductsco.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; Strohmeyer & Arpe http://www.strohmeyer.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 59-2; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light) Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine; Koster Keunen Carnauba; Michem® Emulsion 62125AM Ross Carnauba Wax; S-Nauba #1-120; SNauba #1 Flake; S-Nauba #3-120; S-Nauba #3 Flake S-Nauba 5021 1022

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names Containing: Mastercote FP 9002; Slip-Ayd® SL 506; Slip-Ayd® SL 508 Carnauba wax. See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax Carnitine (INCI). See L-Carnitine L-Carnitine CAS 541-15-1; 7634-98-2; EINECS/ELINCS 208768-0 Synonyms: 3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,Ntrimethyl-1-propanaminium hydroxide, inner salt; Carnitine (INCI); β-Hydroxy-γtrimethylaminobutyrate; 1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt; Vitamin B7 Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C7H15NO3 Formula: (CH3)3N+CH2CH(OH)CH2COO– Properties: Cryst.; sol. in water; insol. in acetone, ether; m.w. 161.20; m.p. 197-212 C Toxicology: LD50 (subcut., mouse) 9 g/kg; irritant; target organ: GI system; no adverse human effects on excess intake Storage: Very hygroscopic; store under nitrogen Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in infant formulas Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Changzhou Changmao Biochem. Eng. http://www.ccbec.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Carnosic acid CAS 3650-09-7 Synonyms: CA; 4a(2H)Phenanthrenecarboxylic acid, 1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-5,6-dihydroxy-1,1dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-, (4aR,10aS)(9CI); RoseOx; Salvin Classification: Polyphenolic compound Empirical: C20H28O4 Properties: Yel. powd.; m.w. 332.4 Storage: Store away from lt. @-20 C Uses: Antioxidant in food Features: Inhibits lipid absorption in the gastrointestinal tract by strongly inhibiting lipase, an enzyme that breaks down dietary fats Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/ Trade Names Containing: Oxy’Less®.CS; Oxy’Less®.Clear; Oxy’Less®.Clear S; StabilEnhance® OSR Carob bean extract. See Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract Carob bean gum. See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract CAS 84961-45-5; EINECS/ELINCS 284-634-5 FEMA 2243 Synonyms: Carob bean extract; Carob extract; Ceratonia siliqua; Ceratonia siliqua extract; Locust tree extract; St. John's bread extract Definition: Extract of the fruit of the carob, Ceratonia siliqua Properties: Sweet taste Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, icings, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Carob extract. See Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract Carob flour. See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Carob galactomannan. See Galactomannan Carob gum. See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Carony bark. See Angostura (Galipea officinalis) Carotene CAS 7235-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 230-636-6 INS160a; E160a(ii) Synonyms: β-Carotene; Beta-carotene (INCI); CI 40800; CI 75130; Food orange 5; Natural yellow 26; Provitamin A Classification: Carotenoid pigment Definition: A precursor of Vitamin A occurring naturally in plants Empirical: C40H56 Properties: Purple hexagonal prisms, red leaflets; sol. in carbon disulfide, benzene, chloroform, veg. oils; mod. sol. in ether, petrol. ether, oils; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 536.89; 1023

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference m.p. 178-179 C Toxicology: Nontoxic on skin; massive doses may cause yellowing of the skin; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Sensitive to alkali, air, and light Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Refrigerate Uses: Direct food additive; colorant, nutrient, dietary supplement, vitamin A precursor for foods, orange beverages, cheese, dairy prods., butter, ice cream, oleomargarine, puddings, fats and oils, processed fruits, fruit juices, infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.95, 73.1095, 73.2095, 101.9, 166.110, 184.1245, GRAS; FDA exempt from certification, permanently listed for drug use; Japan restricted; Europe listed; UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com BASF http://www.basf.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Bronson & Jacobs Pty. Ltd http://www.bronsonandjacobs.com.au; Cognis http://www.cognis.de; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Quimdis; Sensient Flavors http://www.sensienttech.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names: Beta-Carotene 10% DC/GFP; CaroPure® Crystals; Lucarotin® 1 CWD/K; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lucarotin® 10 CWD S/Y Trade Names Containing: Beta Carotene 30% FS; Beta Carotene 1% CWS; Beta-Carotene Dry Powd. 10% DC/GFP; CaroCare® Nat. βCarotene 30% S; Caromix® Plus Lucarotin® 10 CWD O; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Lucarotin® 30 M; Lucarotin® 30 SUN Carotene. See α-Carotene α-Carotene CAS 7488-99-5 Synonyms: Carotene; R(+)-α-Carotene Definition: A form of carotene with a α-ring at one end and an ε-ring at the other Empirical: C40H56 Properties: M.w. 536.88 Uses: Colorant in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Southcot http://www.carotenestandards.com Trade Names Containing: Caromix® Plus β-Carotene; Beta-carotene (INCI). See Carotene R(+)-α-Carotene. See α-Carotene all trans-β-carotene-3,3´-diol; β,β-Carotene-3,3´diol. See Zeaxanthin β,ε-Carotene-3,3´-diol. See Xanthophyll β-Carotene-4,4´-dione. See Canthaxanthine (3R)β, β-Caroten-3-ol; (R)-all-trans-β-Caroten-3ol. See Kryptoxanthin Carrageen; Carrageenan. See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Carrageenan, calcium salt; Carrageenan, calcium (II) salt. See Calcium carrageenan Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) CAS 9000-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-524-2 FEMA 2596; INS407 Synonyms: 3,6-Anhydro-d-galactan; Carrageen; Carrageenan; Carrageenan gum; Carrageenin; Carragheanin; Carraghennan; Chondrus; Gum carrageenan; Irish gum; Irish moss Classification: Sulfated polysaccharide Definition: Hydrocolloid obtained from various members of the Gigartinaceae or Solieriaceae families of the red seaweed, Rhodophyceae; consists of sulfite esters of galactose and 3,6anhydrogalactose copolymers Properties: Yel. wh. powd., odorless, tasteless; sol. in hot water, hot conc. NaCl sol'n.; insol. in oils and org. solvs. Toxicology: LDLo (IV, rabbit) 5 mg/kg; poison by IV route; experimental tumorigen; 1024

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference suspected carcinogen; linked to ulcers in colon, fetal damage in test animals; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Emulsifier, binder, extender, stabilizer, thickener, gellant, suspending agent in foods, milk/dairy prods., diet drinks; stabilizer in ice cream; protective colloid; flavor enhancer Use Level: 1-5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.133, 133.134, 133.162, 133.178,133.179, 136.110, 136.115, 136.130, 136.160, 136.180, 139.121, 139.122, 150.141, 150.161, 172.620, 172.623, 172.626, 176.170, 182.7255, GRAS; Canada DSL; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Japan approved; JSCI, European listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AEP Colloids http://www.aepcolloids.com; Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Adept Sol'ns. Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arthur Branwell http://www.branwell.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brenntag Southeast Brenntag Specialties; CEAMSA http://www.ceamsa.com; CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com Cesalpinia Food http://www.cesalpiniafood.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemcolloids Ltd http://www.chemcolloids.com; Colloides Naturels Colony Ind.; Danisco Cultor UK; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/; FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fabrichem Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GivaudanQuest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Gumix Int'l.; Healan Ingreds. Ltd http://www.healan.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com; Hercules http://www.herc.com; Hispanagar http://www.hispanagar.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lucid Colloids http://www.lucidgroup.com/; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Nitta Gelatin NA http://www.nitta-gelatin.com/; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Seppic http://www.seppic.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Tomen Am. http://www.tomenamerica.com; Toyota Tsusho Am. http://www.taiamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com Trade Names: Aquagel MP™; Aquagel WD™; CarraBind™ 27; CarraBind™ MPF-60B; CarraBind™ MPF-74I CarraBind™ Series; CarraFat™; CarraJell™ 27; CarraJell™ 34M; CarraJell™ 46AF CarraJell™ 69AF; CarraJell™ 70 SAG; CarraJell™ Series; CarraLite™; CarraVis™ 5

1025

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference CarraVis™ 60CL; CarraVis™ 80B; CarraVis™ 150LC; CarraVis™ 612X; Ceamgel 1313™ Ceamgel 3383; Ceamgel M-9393; Gelcarin® GP-359; Gelcarin® GP-379NF; Gelcarin® GP-911NF Genugel® X-902-02; Genulacta® CP-100; Genulacta® CSM-2; Genuvisco®; Genuvisco® CSW-2 Grindsted™ Carrageenan CW 100; Lactarin® MV-406; Lactarin® PS-185X; Maco-O-Line 091; Marine Colloids™ Carrageenan Milkvis CM™; Stamere® CK NF FCC; Stamere® CKM FCC; Stamere® CK-S NF FCC; Stamere® N-325 NF FCC Stamere® N-350 E FCC; Stamere® N-350 NF FCC; Stamere® N-350 S NF FCC; Stamere® NI NF FCC; Stamere® NIC FCC Stamere® NK; TIC Pretested® Colloid 517 T Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 600 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 601 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 601-M Powd. TIC Pretested® Colloid 710 H Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 720 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 775 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 825 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 881 M Powder TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 795 Powder; Viscarin® GP-209NF Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SF; CarraLizer™ C-1; CarraLizer™ C-2; CarraLizer™ C-3; CarraLizer™ C-4 Coyote Stabilizer CKLX-MS; Crodacreme Range; Fat Replacer 785; Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262 Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265; Gelcarin® ME 8151; Gelcarin® PS 3439 Gelcarin® SQ 3290; Gelcarin® XP 3337; Gelcarin® XP 3435; Gelcarin® XP 3447; Isagel® PF 38 Kelgum® XK9; Lactarin® CM 2254; Lactarin® MV-306; Lactarin® MV-308; Lactarin® MV 2066 Lactarin® XP 3410; Lactogel® FX 7351; Merecol® IC; Merecol® LK; Merecol® R Merecol® RB; Merecol® S; Merecol® Y; Nutricol® XP 3413; SeaGel® DP 437

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

SeaGel® FL 644L; SeaGel® GP 713; SeaGel® PS 182; SeaGel® XP 3611; SeaKem® CM-611 SeaKem® GP-418; SeaKem® IC-611; SeaKem® IC-912; Viscarin® BK 1761; Viscarin® ME 3397 Viscarin® PS 3377; Viscarin® SA 439; Viscarin® SD-389; Viscarin® TP 389; Viscarin® XP-3160 Viscarin® XP 3399 Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract FEMA 2596; INS407 Synonyms: Carrageenan extract; Chondrus crispus; Chondrus crispus extract; Chondrus extract; Irish moss extract Definition: Extract of carrageenan, Chondrus crispus Properties: Ylsh. or tan to wh. powd., odorless, mucilaginous taste; sol. in water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5650 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 8730 mg/kg; possible carcinogen; TSCA listed Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, gellant in foods, milk prods., jams, jellies, soft drinks, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.7255, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for nasals, topicals Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Carrageenan Co. http://www.carrageenanco.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Carrageenan extract. See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract Carrageenan gum. See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Carrageenan, potassium salt. See Potassium carrageenan Carrageenan, sodium salt. See Sodium carrageenan Carrageenin; Carragheanin; Carraghennan. See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Carrot (Daucus carota) extract CAS 84929-61-3; EINECS/ELINCS 284-545-1 Synonyms: Carrot extract; Daucus carota; Daucus carota sativa extract Definition: Extract of roots of Daucus carota Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes 1026

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.biolandes.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Trade Names Containing: Veg-Con Carrot Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) juice CAS 84929-61-3; EINECS/ELINCS 284-545-1 Synonyms: Carrot juice; Daucus carota; Daucus carota juice; Daucus carota sativa juice Definition: Juice expressed from fresh pulp of carrots, Daucus carota sativa Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Florida Food Prods. http://www.floridafood.com/; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Trade Names Containing: Veg-Con Carrot Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil CAS 8015-88-1; EINECS/ELINCS 284-545-1 FEMA 2244 Synonyms: Carrot seed oil; Carrot seed oil terpeneless; Daucus carota; Daucus oil Definition: Oil obtained from the seeds of the carrot, Daucus carota sativa Properties: Lt. yel. to amber liq., aromatic odor, sweet piquant flavor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; sp.gr. 0.866-0.940 (20 C); b.p. 284 F; flash pt. 142 F; ref. index 1.4820-1.4910 Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, condiments, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.300, 182.20, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; F.D. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Carrot (Daucus carota) seed extract CAS 84929-61-3; EINECS/ELINCS 284-545-1 Synonyms: Carrot seed extract; Daucus carota; Daucus carota extract Definition: Extract of the seeds of Daucus carota Uses: Natural flavoring agent in liqueurs Regulatory: FDA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Carrot extract. See Carrot (Daucus carota) extract Carrot juice. See Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) juice Carrot seed extract. See Carrot (Daucus carota) seed extract Carrot seed oil; Carrot seed oil terpeneless. See Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil Carthamus tinctorious oil. See Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Carthamus tinctorius. See Hybrid safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil; Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Carthamus tinctorius hybrid oil; Carthamus tinctorius oil. See Hybrid safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Carum carvi; Carum carvi fruit oil; Carum carvi oil. See Caraway (Carum carvi) oil Carum petroselinum. See Parsley (Carum petroselinum) extract; Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil Carum petroselinum extract; Carum petroselinum herb extract. See Parsley (Carum petroselinum) extract Carvacrol CAS 499-75-2; EINECS/ELINCS 207-889-6 FEMA 2245 Synonyms: 2-p-Cymenol; Cymophenol; 2Hydroxy-p-cymene; Isopropyl-o-cresol; 5Isopropyl-2-methylphenol; Isothymol; 2Methyl-5-isopropylphenol; 2-Methyl-5-(1methylethyl) phenol; o-Thymol 1027

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C10H14O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. thick oily liq.; spicy thymol odor; freely sol. in oxygenated solvs., alcohol, ether; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 150.22; dens. 0.976 (20/4 C); m.p. 0-2 C; b.p. 234-236 C; ref. index 1.523 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 810 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 680 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 80 mg/kg; LDLo (skin, rabbit) 2700 mg/kg; poison by ing. and subcut. route; mod. toxic by skin contact; severe skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; volatile with steam Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Carvacryl ethyl ether CAS 4732-13-2; EINECS/ELINCS 225-238-4 FEMA 2246 Synonyms: 2-Ethoxy-p-cymene; 2-Ethoxy-1methyl-4-(1-methyl ethyl) benzene; Ethyl carvacrol; Ethyl carvacryl ether; 5Isopropyl-2-methylethoxybenzene; Isopropyl methyl phenetole Empirical: C12H18O Properties: Pale yel. oily light liq., carrot-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 178.27; b.p. 235 C; flash pt. (TCC) 200 F ref. index 1.49650 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Carvene. See l-Limonene (+)-Carvene. See d-Limonene Carveol CAS 99-48-9; EINECS/ELINCS 202-757-4 FEMA 2247 Synonyms: p-Mentha-6,8-dien-2-ol; 1-Methyl4-isopropenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-ol; 2- Methyl5-(1-methyl ethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-o l Classification: Nonaromatic alcohol Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 152.24; sp. gr. 0.9452-0.9486; b.p. 226-227 C (15 mm); flash pt. 209 F; ref. index 1.4960 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Carvol. See Carvone; l-Carvone 4-Carvomenthenol CAS 562-74-3; EINECS/ELINCS 209-235-5 FEMA 2248 Synonyms: (S)-1-Isopropyl-4-methyl-3cyclohexen-1-ol; 1-p-Menthen-4-ol; (S)-pMenth-1-en-4-ol; 1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-1cyclohexene-4-ol; 4-Methyl-1-(1methylethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol; Origanol; Terpinene-4-ol; (+)-Terpinen-4-ol; 4Terpinenol; Terpinenol-4; Terpinen-4-ol; 4Terpineol Classification: cyclic terpene Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless liq.; herbal, pepper, earthy, woody odor; very sl. sol. in water; sol. in PG, oils, 60% alcohol; m.w. 154.25; dens. 0.933 (20/4 C); b.p. 211-213 C; flash pt. 79 C; ref. index 1.479 (20 C) 1028

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1300 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; harmful; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Use Level: 1-5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-3260); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com 3-Carvomenthenone. See d-Piperitone Carvone CAS 99-49-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-759-5 FEMA 2249 Synonyms: Carvol; 2-Cyclohexen-1-one, 2methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-; 6,8(9)-pMenthadien-2-one; [GD]-1-Methyl-4isopropenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one; 2-Methyl5-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-one Classification: terpene ketone Empirical: C10H14O Properties: Pale yel. clear mobile liq.; sol. in ethanol, org. esters, aldehydes, ketones, min. oil, chlorinated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 150; sp.gr. 0.965 (20 C); b.p. 230 C; flash pt. (TCC) 83 C; ref. index 1.4989 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1640 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 2675 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and subcut. routes; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, liqueurs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com; ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com (-)-Carvone. See l-Carvone (+)-Carvone. See d-Carvone d-Carvone CAS 2244-16-8; EINECS/ELINCS 218-827-2 FEMA 2249 Synonyms: (+)-Carvone; d(+)-Carvone; (S)Carvone; d-p-Mentha-6,8,(9)-dien-2-one; d1-Methyl-4-isopropenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one; (S)-2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-2cyclohexen-1-one Empirical: C10H14O Properties: Colorless liq., caraway odor; sol. in propylene glycol, fixed oils; misc. in alcohol; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 150.24; dens. 0.9560.960; ref. index 1.496-1.499 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3170 µg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4 mg/kg; poison by ingestion and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; 1029

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com d(+)-Carvone. See d-Carvone l-Carvone CAS 6485-40-1; EINECS/ELINCS 229-352-5 FEMA 2249 Synonyms: Carvol; (-)-Carvone; 1-6,8(9)-pMenthadien-2-one; (-)-1,8-p-Menthadien-6one; L-p-Mentha-1(6),8-dien-2-one; 1-1Methyl-4-isopropenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one; (R)-2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-2cyclohexen-1-one Empirical: C10H14O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., spearmint odor; sol. in paraffin oil, propylene glycol, fixed oils; misc. in alcohol; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 150.22; dens. 0.956-0.960; b.p. 227-230 C; flash pt. 192 F; ref. index 1.495-1.499 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1640 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 56 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant, and fragrance in foods, beverages, soft drinks, ice cream, candy, baked goods, confectionery Features: Minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium/Perf. Chems. http://www.millenniumchem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trade Names Containing: Spearmint Oil 603 (S)-Carvone. See d-Carvone Carvyl acetate CAS 97-42-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-580-2 FEMA 2250 Synonyms: p-Mentha-6,8-dien-2-ol, acetate; 1p-Mentha-6(8,9)-dien-2-yl acetate; 2-Methyl5-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-ol acetate Empirical: C12H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq., spearmint-like odor; m.w. 194.27; sp. gr. 0.976; b.p. 115-116 C; flash pt. 208 F; ref. index 1.4750 Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/ Carvyl propionate CAS 97-45-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-583-9 FEMA 2251 Synonyms: L-Carvyl propionate; p-Mentha6,8-dien-2-ol, propionate; 1-p-Mentha-6,8(9)dien-2-yl propionate; l-p-Mentha-6,8-dien-2yl propionate; 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)2-cyclohexen-1-ol propionate Empirical: C13H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq., minty/fruity odor, sweet fruity minty taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 208.30; dens. 0.952; b.p. 239 C; flash pt. 226 F; ref. index 1.4740 1030

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet, minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com L-Carvyl propionate. See Carvyl propionate Caryophyllene. See β-Caryophyllene β-Caryophyllene CAS 87-44-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-746-1 FEMA 2252 Synonyms: Caryophyllene; (-)-transCaryophyllene; 8-Methylene-4,11,11(trimethyl) bicyclo (7.2.0) undec-4-ene; trans-(1R,9S)-8-Methylene-4,11,11trimethylbicyclo[7.2.0] undec-4-ene; 4,11,11-Trimethyl-8-methylene, bicyclo [7.2.0] undec-4-ene Definition: A mix of sesquiterpenes occurring in many essential oils (clove oil, lavender oil, cinnamon leaves, copaiba balsam) Empirical: C15H24 Properties: Colorless oil, terpene odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 204.36; dens. 0.902 (20/4 C); b.p. 262-264 C; flash pt. (CC) 116 C; ref. index 1.429 (20 C); tenacity 72 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments Features: Chief hydrocarbon component of clove oil Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 4-592); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com (-)-trans-Caryophyllene. See β-Caryophyllene Caryophyllene acetate. See Caryophyllene alcohol acetate Caryophyllene alcohol CAS 4586-22-5; 56747-96-7; EINECS/ELINCS 260-364-3 FEMA 3741 Synonyms: α-Caryophyllene alcohol; Decahydro-2,2,4,8-tetramethyl-4,8methanoazulen-9-ol Empirical: C15H26O Properties: Wh. cryst. solid, moss-like spicy odor, minty earthy flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 222.36; dens. 0.986 (17 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL α-Caryophyllene alcohol. See Caryophyllene alcohol Caryophyllene alcohol acetate CAS 32214-91-8; 57082-24-3; EINECS/ELINCS 250-960-1 Synonyms: 1-Acetoxy-caryolane; Caryophyllene acetate; β-Caryophyllene alcohol acetate; 4,11,11-Trimethyl-8methylenebicyclo [7.2.0] undec-3-en-5-yl acetate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C17H28O2 Properties: Cryst. solid; mild fruity, woody, earthy odor; insol. in water; sol. in 80% alcohol; m.w. 264.41; dens. 1.003 (17 C); m.p. 40 C; b.p. 149-152 C (10 mm); flash pt. 105 C; ref. index 1.4919 (17 C); tenacity 6 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, 1031

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 1-8% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 4-1228); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lothar Streeck http://www.lothar-streeck.de; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com β-Caryophyllene alcohol acetate. See Caryophyllene alcohol acetate Caryophyllene epoxide; β-Caryophyllene epoxide. See β-Caryophyllene oxide β-Caryophyllene oxide CAS 1139-30-6; EINECS/ELINCS 214-519-7 FEMA 4085 Synonyms: Caryophyllene epoxide; βCaryophyllene epoxide; Epoxycaryophyllene; (-)Epoxydihydrocaryophyllene; 4-12,12Trimethyl-9-methylene-5-oxatricyclo [8.2.2.0.0.4.6] dodecane Empirical: C15H24O Properties: Cryst.; m.w. 220.36; m.p. 45-59 C; flash pt. > 230 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Caryophyllic acid. See Eugenol Caryophyllus oil. See Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil Casamino acid. See Hydrolyzed protein Cascara bark extract; Cascara, bitterless, extract; Cascara extract. See Cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) extract Cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) extract CAS 8015-89-2; 84650-55-5; 8007-06-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-400-8; 283-515-5 UN 1197 (DOT); FEMA 2253 Synonyms: California buckthorn; Cascara bark extract; Cascara, bitterless, extract; Cascara extract; Cascara sagrada bark extract; Cascara sagrada extract; Chittembark; Rhamnus purshiana; Rhamnus purshiana bark extract; Rhamnus purshiana extract Definition: Extract of dried bark of Rhamnus purshiana HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Cascara sagrada. See Cascara sagraga Cascara sagrada bark extract; Cascara sagrada extract. See Cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) extract Cascara sagraga Synonyms: Cascara sagrada Definition: Derived from Rhamnus purshiana Properties: Bitter tonic flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: BDH; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com M.W. Int'l.; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com 1032

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Cascarilla bark oil. See Cascarilla oil Cascarilla oil CAS 8007-06-5; EINECS/ELINCS 284-284-3 FEMA 2255 Synonyms: Cascarilla bark oil; Croton bark oil; Croton cascarilla; Croton cascarilla oil; Croton eluteria; Croton eluteria oil; Croton extract; Sweetwood bark oil Definition: Volatile oil from bark of Croton eluteria or C. cascarilla Properties: Yel. to greenish liq.; pleasant spicy odor; very sol. in alcohol, ether; sol. in most fixed oils, min. oil; pract. insol. in glycerol, propylene glycol; dens. 0.890-0.925 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Essential7 http://www.essential7.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Casein CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Synonyms: Milk protein, casein; Proteins, milk Definition: Mixt. of phosphoproteins obtained from cow's milk Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. in alkaline sol'ns. Toxicology: Mild sensitive reactions in persons allergic to cow's milk; TSCA listed Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Dietary supplement in frozen desserts, cheeses; migrating to food from paper/paperboard; animal feed ingred.; processing aid (Japan) Features: Low in fat and cholesterol Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.4, 135.110, 135.140, 166.110, 182.90, GRAS; Japan restricted; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aabbitt Adhesives http://www.aabbitt.com; Adept Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Biorganics; Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Blossom Farm Prods. Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Havero Hoogwegt BV http://www.havero.nl Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nat'l. Casein http://www.nationalcasein.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Roche Diagnostics http://www.roche-applied-science.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Ultra Additives http://www.ultraadditives.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Trade Names: CE 90 GBT; CE 90 GMM; CE 90 STL See also Milk protein Casein, ammonium salt. See Ammonium caseinate Casein, calcium salt. See Calcium caseinate Casein hydrolysate. See Hydrolyzed casein Casein, potassium salt. See Potassium caseinate Casein-sodium; Casein-sodium complex; Casein sodium salt. See Sodium caseinate Caseins, potassium complexes. See Potassium caseinate Caseins, sodium complexes. See Sodium caseinate Cassava starch. See Tapioca starch Casseins, calcium complexes. See Calcium caseinate Cassel green. See Manganese oxide (ous) Cassia. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) 1033

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Cassia aldehyde. See Cinnamal Cassia bark extract. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract Cassia bark oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil Cassia gum E499 Synonyms: Gum cassia Classification: Galactomannan Definition: Purified flour from the endosperm of the seeds of Cassia tora/obtusifolia and is comprised of at least 75% polysaccharide consisting primarily of a linear chain of 1,4-_D-mannopyranose units with 1,6-linked_-Dgalactopyranose units. Properties: Swells in water and forms highviscosity aqueous colloids after it is boiled Uses: Thickener, stabilizer in foods Features: Natural Regulatory: Japan approved; FDA approved for buccals Manuf./Distrib.: Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Trade Names Containing: Isagel® PF 38; Isagum® SB 35 N Cassia obovata; Cassia obovata extract. See Senna (Cassia obovata) extract Cassia oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil Cassie absolute. See Cassie (Acacia farnesiana) flowers Cassie (Acacia farnesiana) flowers CAS 977017-58-5; 89958-31-6 FEMA 2260 Synonyms: Acacia farnesiana; Acacia farnesiana flowers; Cassie absolute; Cassie flowers Definition: Flowers from Acacia farnesiana Properties: Warm floral intense odor with a balsamic undertone Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Cassie flowers. See Cassie (Acacia farnesiana) flowers Castanea dentata; Castanea dentata leaves. See Chestnut (Castanea dentata) leaves Castanea sativa; Castanea vulgaris extract. See Chestnut (Castanea sativa) extract Castor; Castorem oil. See Castoreum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Castoreum CAS 8023-83-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-427-5 Synonyms: Castor; Castorem oil; Castoreum absolute; Castoreum oil; Castoreum resinoid; Castoreum tincture; Hyperabsolute castoreum Definition: Dried preputial or vaginal follicles of the beaver,Castor fiber L. and C. canadensis Properties: Dk. brn. Semi-solid to solid; sol. in isopropyl myristate; insol. in water; flash pt. (TCC) > 200 F Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments, toppings Features: Leather smoky animal sweet odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.50, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Payan & Bertrand http://www.payanbertrand.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Castoreum absolute. See Castoreum extract; Castoreum Castoreum extract CAS 8023-83-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-427-5 FEMA 2261 Synonyms: Castoreum absolute; Castorium extract Definition: Derived from Castor fiber L. and C. canadensis Properties: Dk. brn. semi-solid to solid; leathery odor; sol. in isopropyl myristate; insol. in water; flash pt. (TCC) 300 F Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.50, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Payan & Bertrand http://www.payanbertrand.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Castoreum liquid CAS 977016-89-9 FEMA 2262 Definition: From Castor fiber and C. canadensis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.50; FEMA GRAS Castoreum oil; Castoreum resinoid; Castoreum tincture. See Castoreum 1034

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Castorium extract. See Castoreum extract Castor oil; Castor oil aromatic. See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Castor oil, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated castor oil Castor (Ricinus communis) oil CAS 1323-38-2; 8001-79-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-293-8 FEMA 2263; INS1503 Synonyms: Aceite de ricino; Aromatic castor oil; Castor oil; Castor oil aromatic; Huile de ricini; Oil of Palma Christi; Oleum ricini; Ricini oleum; Ricinus communis oil; Ricinus oil; Tangantangan oil Classification: Vegetable oil Definition: Fixed oil obtained from seeds of Ricinus communis Properties: Colorless to pale yel. viscous oily liq., char. odor; sol. in alcohol; misc. with glac. acetic acid, chloroform, ether; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.961; m.p. -12 C; b.p. 313 C; acid no. < 4; iodine no. 83-88; sapon. no. 176187; hyd. no. 160-168; flash pt. 230 C; ref. index 1.478; surf. tens. 39 dynes/cm (20 C) Toxicology: Moderately toxic by ing.; allergen; eye irritant; mild skin irritant; mist may cause sl. irritation of nose and throat; purgative, laxative in large doses; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat; spontaneous heating may occur; incompat. with acids and bases (hydrolysis can occur), strong oxidizing agents (increased fire hazard) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: @ 340-400 C, pyrolysis occurs yielding heptaldehyde and undecylenic acids; further decomp. yields CO, CO2, possibly acrolein NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; avoid generating mist Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, foaming agent, antisticking agent, release agent, drying oil in foods; antisticking agent, release agent for hard candy prod.; component of protective coatings for vitamin/mineral tablets; natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Use Level: 0.08-23 mg (solid oral dosage forms); 5-12.5% (topicals) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.510, 172.876, 175.105, 175.300, 176.210, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3120, 178.3520, 178.3570, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.26, 181.28; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; FDA approved for injectables, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Amber Syn. http://www.amsyn.com Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Degen http://www.degenoil.com; Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Geo. Pfau's Sons http://www.pfauoil.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; GeorgiaPacific/Actrachem http://www.gp.com/chemical Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; John L Seaton Ltd http://www.seatons-uk.co.uk KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lanaetex Prods.; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com

1035

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; SüdChemie AG http://www.sud-chemie.com Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com Vliengenthart BV http://www.vliegenthart.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com; Zeochem http://www.zeochem.com/ Trade Names: AA USP Trade Names Containing: AFC WS 445; AFC WS 890 Castorwax. See Hydrogenated castor oil Catalase CAS 9001-05-2; 9001-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-577-1; 232-601-0 Classification: Oxidizing enzyme Definition: Enzyme found in animals, plants, bacteria, and fungi Properties: M.w. ≈ 240,000; dens. 1.00 Toxicology: Mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Oxidizing enzyme in food preservation; production aid in cheese; enzyme in decomposing residual hydrogen peroxide in cheese mfg., bleaching and oxidizing processes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.135; Canada, UK, Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Roche Diagnostics http://www.roche-appliedscience.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Wako Chem. USA http://www.wakousa.com Trade Names: Catalase NL Amano; Multifect CA 1000L Trade Names Containing: Hyderase HC; Hyderase L; Multifect GO 1500L Catechu, black, extract. See Black catechu (Acacia catechu) extract Caustic alcohol. See Sodium ethylate Caustic lime. See Calcium hydroxide Caustic potash. See Potassium hydroxide Caustic soda. See Sodium hydroxide Cayenne; Cayenne pepper. See Capsicum CCC. See Chlorophyllin-copper complex C16-18 and C18 unsaturated alkylcarboxylic acid. See Canola acid CDAC. See Cetalkonium chloride C-8 dimethylacetal. See Octanal dimethyl acetal Cedar leaf oil. See Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil CAS 8007-20-3 FEMA 2267 Synonyms: Arborvitae; Arborvitae oil; Cedar leaf oil; Cedar, white, leaf oil; Thuja oil; White cedarleaf oil; White cedar oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from fresh leaves of Thuja occidentalis, not a true cedar; mainly contg. dα-thujone Properties: Ylsh. oil, strong camphoraceous odor reminiscent of sage; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, propylene glycol; insol. in water and glycerin; dens. 0.910-0.920; ref. index 1.4560-1.4590 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 830 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4100 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; ing. of large quantities causes hypertension, bradycardia, tachypnea, convulsions, death; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; 1036

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) extract CAS 90131-58-1; EINECS/ELINCS 290-370-1 Synonyms: Cedar, white, extract; Thuja occidentalis; Thuja occidentalis bark extract; Thuya occidentalis; Thuya occidentalis bark extract; White cedar extract Definition: Extract of the bark of the thuja, Thuja occidentalis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com Cedar, white, extract. See Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) extract Cedar, white, leaf oil. See Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil Cedarwood camphor. See Cedarwood oil alcohols Cedarwood oil alcohols CAS 68603-22-5 Synonyms: Cedarwood camphor Empirical: C15H26O Properties: Wh. cryst., mild odor of cedarwood; sol. in benzyl benzoate; sl. sol. in glycol, min. oil; m.w. 222.36; dens. 0.98; m.p. 75 C; ref. index 1.506-1.514 (20 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Cedarwood oil terpenes CAS 68608-32-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-257-7 Synonyms: Cedarwood terpenes Empirical: C15H24 Properties: Sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 204.34; ref. index 1.4983-1.4989 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Chinessence Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.chinessence.com; Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown Capital http://www.crown-capital.com Cedarwood terpenes. See Cedarwood oil terpenes Cedro oil. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil Celery (Apium graveolens) extract CAS 89997-35-3; 8015-90-5; EINECS/ELINCS 289-668-4 FEMA 2269 Synonyms: Apium graveolens; Apium graveolens extract; Celery extract; Celery seed extract Definition: Extract of the herb, roots, and seeds of the celery, Apium graveolens Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Trade Names Containing: Veg-Con Celery Celery (Apium graveolens) seed CAS 977007-75-2; 8015-90-5 FEMA 2268 Synonyms: Apium graveolens Definition: Seeds of Apium graveolens Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, baked goods, condiments, meats, soups, pickles Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 182.10; FEMA GRAS Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil CAS 8015-90-5 FEMA 2271 Synonyms: Apium graveolens oil; Apium graveolens seed oil; Celery oil; Celery seed oil Definition: Volatile oil from celery seed, Apium graveolens; major constituent is (+)-limonene (> 50%) Properties: Ylsh. green to brown liq., very sol. in alcohol; insol. in water and glycerin; sp. gr. 0.870-0.895; b.p. 183.00 C @ 760.00 mm ; acid no. 3 max.; ref. index .47700-1.49300 1037

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments, meats, pickles, soups, soft drinks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/ Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Celery extract. See Celery (Apium graveolens) extract Celery ketone. See 3-Methyl-5-propyl-2cyclohexen-1-one Celery oil. See Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil Celery seed extract. See Celery (Apium graveolens) extract Celery seed oil. See Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil Cellacephate. See Cellulose acetate phthalate 'Cellosolve'; 'Cellosolve' solvent. See Ethoxyethanol Cellulase CAS 9012-54-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-734-4 Classification: Enzyme complex Definition: Derived from Aspergillus niger Properties: Off-wh. powd.; m.w. ≈ 31,000 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: May cause respiratory allergy in susceptible individuals, mild skin irritation on prolonged or direct contact Storage: Refrigerate; hygroscopic; keep under argon Uses: Enzyme which aids bacteria in the hydrolysis of cellulose; digestive aid in brewing industry; enzyme for removal of visceral masses during clam processing and of shells in shrimp processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.120, GRAS; UK, Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Enzyme Development http://www.enzymedevelopment.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Cellulase DS; Cellulase TR; Enzeco® Cellulase FG Trade Names Containing: Biodiastase 1000 Cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; 65996-61-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 INS460(ii); E460 Synonyms: α-Amylose; α-Cellulose; Cellulose crystalline; Cellulose powder; Cellulose, powdered; Cellulose pulp; Cotton fiber; Crystalline cellulose; Hydroxycellulose; Powdered cellulose; Pyrocellulose; Wood pulp, bleached Definition: Natural polysaccharide derived from plant fibers Properties: Colorless to wh. solid, odorless; sl. sol. in sodium hydroxide sol'n.; insol. in water, dil. acids, and org. solvs.; m.w. 160,000560,000; dens. ≈ 1.5 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust); nuisance dust; cannot be digested by humans; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier, thickener, dispersant, anticaking agent, binder, 1038

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference bulking agent, disintegrant, filter aid, texturizer in foods; clarifier for beer Use Level: 5-20% (tablet binders, disintegrants), 30% (capsule diluent) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.2260; GRAS; Europe listed; use in baby foods not permitted in UK; FDA approved for buccals, dentals, orals; USP/NF compliance (powdered); BP, EP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adept Sol'ns.; Akzo Nobel UK http://www.akzonobel.uk.com/; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Bioengineering AG http://www.bioengineering.ch; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Celite http://www.worldminerals.com/celite.html; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com Dow Europe; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fitltd.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Hercules BV; Hercules Ltd Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/ Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; NB Entrepreneurs http://www.nbent.com; Omya UK http://www.omya.co.uk/web/omya_uk.nsf/H omePage_Lang1?OpenForm&omya_langid =1&omya_navid=0000; Quimdis; Reed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; U.S. Synthetics; Welding GmbH http://www.welding.de Trade Names: Alpha Cellulose, Powdered BH 200; Celish®; NutraFiber® NF 40; NutraFiber® NF 200; NutraFiber® NF 300 Qual Flo®; Solka-Floc®; Solka-Floc® 20 FCC; Solka-Floc® 20; Solka-Floc® 40 NF Solka-Floc® 200 FCC; Solka-Floc® 300 FCC; Solka-Floc® 300; Solka-Floc® 900 FCC; Solka-Floc® 1016 Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose EPG 70; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 00; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600-30; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101 Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose LC 200 Trade Names Containing: FloAm® 200; FloAm® 200C; FloAm® 210 HC; FloAm® 221; FloAm® 240 FloAm® 740; FloAm® System; JustFiber® 20PS; Polyclar® Ultra K-100; Qual Flo® C Textureze™ NB 100 α-Cellulose. See Cellulose Cellulose, acetate, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate. See Cellulose acetate phthalate Cellulose acetate phthalate CAS 9004-38-0 Synonyms: CAP; Cellacephate; Cellulose, acetate, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate Classification: Polymer Definition: Reaction prod. of phthalic anhydride and a partial acetate ester of cellulose Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd., sl. odor of acetic acid; sol. in acetone, dioxane; insol. in water, alcohol Toxicology: Harmful solid; irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Enteric coating for nutritional prods. Regulatory: FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com FeF Chems. A/S http://www.fefchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; 1039

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Lehmann & Voss http://www.lehvoss.de Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Aquacoat® CPD Cellulose carboxymethyl ether. See Carboxymethylcellulose; Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Cellulose carboxymethyl ether calcium salt. See Calcium carboxymethyl cellulose Cellulose carboxymethyl ether sodium salt. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Cellulose crystalline. See Cellulose Cellulose, diethylaminoethyl. See Diethylaminoethyl cellulose Cellulose ethyl; Cellulose ethylate; Cellulose ethyl ether. See Ethylcellulose Cellulose ethyl hydroxyethyl ether. See Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Cellulose gel. See Microcrystalline cellulose Cellulose glycolic acid sodium salt; Cellulose gum (INCI). See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Cellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl ether. See Hydroxypropylcellulose Cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl ether; Cellulose 2-hydroxypropyl methyl ether. See Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Cellulose methyl; Cellulose methylate; Cellulose methyl ether. See Methylcellulose Cellulose, methyl ethyl. See Methyl ethyl cellulose Cellulose, polyanionic. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Cellulose powder; Cellulose, powdered; Cellulose pulp. See Cellulose Cellulose sodium glycolate. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Cellulose triacetate CAS 9012-09-3 Synonyms: CA; Triacetate; Triacetyl cellulose Classification: Thermoplastic Empirical: C12H16O8 Formula: C6H7O2(OOCCH3)3 Properties: Wh. flakes or ylsh. amorphous; insol. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

in water, alcohol, ether; sol. in glacial acetic acid, tetrachloroethane; m.w. approx. 72,00074,000 Uses: Fixing agent in immobilization of enzyme preps. (foods) Features: Resistant to most solvents Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.357; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; MultiKem http://www.multikem.com/ Cephrol. See β-Citronellol Cera alba. See Beeswax Cera carnauba. See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax Cera microcristallina. See Microcrystalline wax Ceratonia. See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Ceratonia siliqua. See Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Ceratonia siliqua extract. See Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract Ceratonia siliqua gum. See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Ceresin. See Ozokerite Ceruleinum. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 Cerulignol. See Dihydroeugenol Ceryl alcohol. See 1-Hexacosanol Cetalkonium chloride CAS 122-18-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-526-3 Synonyms: Ammonium, benzylhexadecyldimethyl-, chloride; Benzenemethanaminium, N-hexadecyl-N,Ndimethyl-, chloride; Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride; Benzylhexadecyldimethylammonium chloride; CDAC; Cetyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; Dimethylhexadecylbenzylammonium chloride; N-Hexadecyl-N,Ndimethylbenzenemethanaminium chloride; Hexadecyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride Classification: Quaternary ammonium salt 1040

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C25H46ClN Formula: C6H5CH2N(CH3)2(C16H33)Cl Properties: Colorless crystalline powd. or leaflets; odorless; sol. in water, oxygenated solvs., alcohol, acetone, esters, propylene glycol, glycerol, CCl4; m.w. 396.12; m.p. 58-60 C; pH 7.2 (aq. sol'n.); cationic Toxicology: LD (oral, rat) > 500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx and Cl– Uses: Antimicrobial in cane-sugar and beetsugar mills Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.320, 175.105, 178.1010; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Dishman USA http://www.dishmanusa.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Cetivamin. See L-Ascorbic acid Cetone V. See Allyl α-ionone α-Cetone. See Methyl α-ionone; αIsomethylionone β-Cetone. See Methyl β-ionone Cetraria islandica extract; Cetraria islandicus. See Iceland moss (Cetraria islandicus) extract Cetrimonium chloride CAS 112-02-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-928-6 Synonyms: Cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; Palmityl trimethyl ammonium chloride; N,N,N-Trimethyl-1hexadecanaminium chloride Classification: Quaternary ammonium salt Empirical: C19H42ClN Formula: C16H33(CH3)3NCl Properties: M.w. 320.01; Cationic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Germicide in foods, fermentation Regulatory: FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Accord http://www.accordchem.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; City Chem. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.citychemical.com; Dishman USA http://www.dishman-usa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Trade Names: Nissan Cation PB-40; Nissan Cation PB-300 Cetyl alcohol CAS 124-29-8; 36653-82-4; EINECS/ELINCS 253-149-0 FEMA 2554 Synonyms: Alcohol C16; C16 linear primary alcohol; Ethal; Ethol; 1-Hexadecanol; Hexadecyl alcohol; Palmityl alcohol Classification: Fatty alcohol Empirical: C16H34O Formula: CH3(CH2)14CH2OH Properties: Wh. waxy solid; partially sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 242.27; dens. 0.8176 (49.5 C); m.p. 49.3 C; b.p. 344 C; acid no. ≤ 2; iodine no. ≤ 5; hyd. no. 218-238; flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.4283; surface-active dispersant, wetting agent, and compatibility aid for enhancing color acceptance in high solids coatings (alkyds, epoxies, UV and EB-cured coatings); emulsifier for emulsion polymerization Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP routes; eye and human skin irritant; can cause hives; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, color diluent, intermediate for confectionery, food supplements in tablet form, gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.1001, 172.515, 172.864, 175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.2800, 178.3480, 178.3910; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for ophthalmics, orals, otics, rectals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Aceto http://www.aceto.com Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Amerchol 1041

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.dow.com/ucc/amerchol/index.ht m; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chempri http://www.chempri.com Chemron http://www.chemron.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Croda Chem. Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Ecogreen Oleochems. http://www.ecogreenoleo.com; Efkay Chems. Ltd; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kimpton Bros. Ltd http://www.kimpton.co.uk; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/ Lonza http://www.lonza.com; M. Michel http://www.mmichel.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/ Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/ Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stepan http://www.stepan.com Tomen Am. http://www.tomenamerica.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Cetyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Cetalkonium chloride Cetyl esters CAS 8002-23-1; 136097-97-7 INS909 Synonyms: Cetyl esters wax; Spermaceti; Spermaceti synthetic; Spermaceti wax; Spermaceti wax, refined; Synthetic spermaceti; Synthetic spermaceti wax Classification: Synthetic wax Definition: A mixt. of sat. fatty alcohols (C14 to C18) and sat. fatty acids (C14 to C18) Properties: Wh. to off. wh. translucent flakes, faint odor, bland mild taste; sol. in boiling alcohol, ether, chloroform; insol. in water; dens. 0.820; m.p. 43-47 C; acid no. 5 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 109-120; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Glazing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 177.1200; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; CoKEM Assoc.; Cognis http://www.cognis.de Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Efkay Chems. 1042

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ltd; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/ Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/ NOF Am.; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com; Werner G. Smith http://www.wernergsmith.com Trade Names: Koster Keunen Synthetic Spermaceti Cetyl esters wax. See Cetyl esters Cetylic acid. See Palmitic acid Cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. See Cetrimonium chloride Cevadic acid. See Tiglic acid Cevitamic acid. See L-Ascorbic acid Ceylon cinnamon. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) Ceylon cinnamon leaf oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil Ceylon cinnamon oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil Ceylon isinglass. See Agar C8-10 fatty acid triglyceride Uses: Lubricant for prod. of sausage casings C12 fatty alcohol ethoxylate. See Laureth CFC 12. See Dichlorodifluoromethane CFC 113. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane CFC 115. See Chloropentafluoroethane Chalcedony. See Novaculite; Quartz Chalk. See Calcium carbonate Chameleon mineral. See Potassium permanganate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chamomile Definition: Dried flowerheads derived from Chamomilla recutita or Chamaemelum nobile Uses: Aromatic bitter, natural flavoring agent in foods, alcoholic beverages, herbal teas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract CAS 84649-86-5; 8015-92-7; EINECS/ELINCS 283-467-5 FEMA 2274 Synonyms: Anthemis nobilis; Anthemis nobilis extract; Camomile extract; Chamomile, English, extract; Chamomile extract; Chamomile flower extract; Chamomile, Roman, extract; English chamomile extract; Roman chamomile extract Definition: Extract of flowers of Anthemis nobilis Properties: Cl. amber liq.; sol. in cold water Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory and GI tract Precaution: Reactive with oxidizing agents; do not breathe gas, fumes, vapor, spray; wear splash goggles, lab coat, and vapor respirator HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated area Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; DSL listed Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) flower CAS 977007-26-3 Synonyms: Anthemis nobilis; Anthemis nobilis flower; Camomile flower; Chamomile flower; English chamomile flower; Roman chamomile flower Definition: Flowers from Anthemis nobilis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods 1043

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil CAS 8015-92-7 FEMA 2272, 2275 Synonyms: Anthemis nobilis; Anthemis nobilis oil; Camomile oil; Chamomile flower, English, oil; Chamomile flower oil; Chamomile oil; Chamomile oil, English; Chamomile oil, Roman; English chamomile oil; Roman chamomile oil Definition: Volatile oil distilled from dried flower heads of Anthemis nobilis; contg. amyl and butyl esters of angelic and tiglic acids, butyric acid, etc. Properties: Blue to brownish-yel. liq.; strong aromatic sweet herbal green cognac woody odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, propylene glycol; sol. in 6 vols. 70% alcohol; sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin; dens. 0.905-0.915 (15/15 C); sapon. no. 260-296; ref. index 1.442-1.448 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; mild allergen; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when heated Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Chamomile, English, extract; Chamomile Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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extract. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract Chamomile extract, German; Chamomile extract Hungarian. See Matricaria (Chamomilla recutita) extract Chamomile flower. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) flower; Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower Chamomile flower, English, oil. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil Chamomile flower extract. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract Chamomile flower oil. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower CAS 977001-96-9 Synonyms: Camomile flower; Chamomile flower; German chamomile flower; Hungarian chamomile flower; Matricaria chamomilla; Matricaria chamomilla flower Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10 Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil CAS 8002-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 282-006-5 FEMA 2273 Synonyms: Blue chamomile flower oil; Blue chamomile oil; Camomile oil; Chamomile flower, Hungarian, oil; Chamomile flower oil; Chamomile oil, blue; Chamomile oil, German; Chamomile oil, Hungarian; German chamomile oil; Hungarian chamomile flower oil; Hungarian chamomile oil; Matricaria chamomilla; Matricaria chamomilla flower oil; Matricaria chamomilla oil; Matricaria oil; Wild chamomile oil Properties: Blue-ylsh.-brn. liq., butter-like consistency when cooled, strong odor, bitter aromatic taste; very sol. in alcohol; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in min. oil, glycerin; dens. 0.905-0.915 (15/15 C); sapon. no. 45; flash pt. 200 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; mild allergen, skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light 1044

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Chamomile oil. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil Chamomile oil, blue. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil Chamomile oil, English. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil Chamomile oil, German; Chamomile oil, Hungarian. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil Chamomile oil, Roman. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil Chamomile, Roman, extract. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract Chamomilla recutita; Chamomilla recutita extract. See Matricaria (Chamomilla recutita) extract Champacawood oil. See Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil Channel black; Charcoal. See Carbon black Chavicol methyl ether; Chavicyl methyl ether. See Estragole Checkerberry extract. See Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) extract Checkerberry oil. See Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) oil Cherry butyate. See Isoamyl-2-methylbutyrate Cherry kernel oil. See Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) pit oil Cherry laurel leaf; Cherry laurel leaves. See Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) leaves Cherry laurel oil. See Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) oil Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) leaves CAS 977052-78-0 Synonyms: Cherry laurel leaf; Cherry laurel leaves; English laurel leaves; Laurel cherry leaves; Prunus laurocerasus; Prunus laurocerasus leaves Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: Highly toxic; may be fatal if ingested; may cause gasping, weakness, excitement, pupil dilation, spasms, convulsions, coma, respiratory failure Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) oil CAS 8000-44-0 FEMA 2277 Synonyms: Cherry laurel oil; Prunus laurocerasus; Prunus laurocerasus oil Definition: Volatile oil derived from leaves of Prunus laurocerasus, contg. HCN, benzaldehyde, etc. Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., odor and taste similar to bitter almond oil; sol. in 2 vols 70% alcohol, in benzene, chloroform, ether; sl. sol. in water; dens. 1.054-1.066 (20/20 C) Toxicology: Very poisonous; contains hydrogen cyanide (very toxic) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of CN– Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, maraschino cherries, extracts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Cherry pit extract CAS 977038-54-2; 8000-44-0 FEMA 2278 Synonyms: Cherry pit oil extract; Cherry pits, extract; Prunus avium; Prunus cerasus Definition: Extract derived from Prunus avium (sweet cherry) or P. cerasus (sour cherry) Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream; liqueurs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Cherry pit oil. See Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) pit oil Cherry pit oil extract; Cherry pits, extract. See Cherry pit extract Cherry pit, sweet, oil. See Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) pit oil Chervil. See Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) CAS 1338-80-3 FEMA 2279 1045

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Anthriscus cerefolium; Chervil Definition: Derived from Anthriscus cerefolium Properties: Sweet and aromatic Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, condiments Features: Used like parsley Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Reincke & Fichtner http://reincke-fichtner.de Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) extract CAS 85085-20-7; EINECS/ELINCS 285-352-5 Synonyms: Anthriscus cerefolium; Anthriscus cerefolium extract; Chervil extract Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Chervil extract. See Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) extract Chestnut (Castanea dentata) leaves CAS 977052-79-1 Synonyms: Castanea dentata; Castanea dentata leaves; Chestnut leaf; Chestnut leaves Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Chestnut (Castanea sativa) extract CAS 84695-99-8; EINECS/ELINCS 283-619-0 Synonyms: Castanea sativa; Castanea vulgaris extract; Chestnut extract; Chestnut leaf extract Definition: Extract of leaves of Castanea sativa Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Chestnut extract. See Chestnut (Castanea sativa) extract Chestnut leaf. See Chestnut (Castanea dentata) leaves Chestnut leaf extract. See Chestnut (Castanea sativa) extract Chestnut leaves. See Chestnut (Castanea dentata) leaves Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chicorium intybus extract. See Chicory (Cichorium intybus) extract Chicory (Cichorium intybus) extract CAS 68650-43-1; EINECS/ELINCS 272-045-6 FEMA 2280 Synonyms: Chicorium intybus extract; Chicory extract; Cichorium intybus Definition: Extract of roots of the chicory, Chicorium intybus Properties: Bitter tonic flavor Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat) 600 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods; colorant in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan restricted Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Chicory extract. See Chicory (Cichorium intybus) extract Chile saltpeter. See Sodium nitrate Chimaphila umbellata; Chimaphila umbellata leaf extract; Chimaphila umbellata leaves extract. See Pipsissewa (Chimaphila umbellata) leaves extract China bark extract. See Cinchona extract; Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) China clay. See Kaolin China oil. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) Chinese bean oil. See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Chinese cinnamon. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) Chinese cinnamon leaf oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil Chinese cinnamon oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil Chinese ginger. See Galanga Chinese isinglass. See Agar Chinese seasoning. See MSG Chinese tea extract. See Tea (Thea sinensis) extract Chinese white. See Zinc oxide Chinoleine; Chinolin; Chinoline. See Quinoline Chirata. See Swertia chirata 1046

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chitin CAS 1398-61-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-744-3 Synonyms: N-[2-(5-Acetylamino-4,6dihydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydropyran-3-yloxy)-4,5-; β-Chitin; Poly (N-acetylD-glucosamine) Classification: Biopolymer Definition: Glucosamine polysaccharide; consists chiefly of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues; found in yeasts, fungi, marine invertebrates and arthropods Empirical: (C8H13NO5)n Properties: Wh., amorphous, semitransparent mass; sol. in conc. HCl, H2SO4; insol. in the common solvs.; m.w. ≈ 400,000 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rat) 50 mg/kg; TSCA listed Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Thickener, stabilizer in foods Features: Natural Regulatory: ; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomoto-usa.com; http://www.ajichem.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Amerchol http://www.dow.com/ucc/amerchol/index.ht m Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Jedwards Int'l. http://www.codliveroil.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/ Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

β-Chitin. See Chitin Chitinase. See Glucanase Chitin, deacylated. See Chitosan Chitobiase; Chitodextrinase. See Glucanase Chitosamine. See Glucosamine Chitosan CAS 9012-76-4; EINECS/ELINCS 222-311-2 Synonyms: 2-Amino-2-deoxy-(1-4)-β-Dglucopyranan; Chitin, deacylated; Poly (Dglucosamine) Definition: Deacylated derivative of chitin Properties: M.w. ≈ 70,000 Toxicology: TSCA listed Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, dietary fiber in foods; binder for fats, protein Features: Natural ; lipophilic; may absorb fat-sol. vitamins Regulatory: Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/ Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Jedwards Int'l. http://www.codliveroil.com; M.W. Int'l.; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal Preserv1047

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Wako Chem. USA http://www.wakousa.com; Wilke Int'l. http://www.wilkeinternational.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Chittembark. See Cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) extract Chloor; Chlor. See Chlorine Chloramizol. See Imazalil Chlore. See Chlorine Chlorhydric acid. See Hydrochloric acid Chlorine CAS 7782-50-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-959-5 UN 1017 (DOT); INS925 Synonyms: Chloor; Chlor; Chlore; Cloro; Molecular chlorine Classification: Halogen Empirical: Cl2 Formula: Cl • Cl Properties: Greenish-yel. gas, amber liq., or rhombic crystal, pungent nauseating odor; sol. in alkalis; sl. sol. in cold water; m.w. 70.90; sp.gr. (liq.) 1.47 (0 C, 3.65 atm); vapor pressure 4800 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. -101 C; b.p. -34.5 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.5 ppm; STEL 1 ppm; LC50 (inh., rat, 1 h) 293 ppm; highly toxic, corrosive; poison by inh.; strong irritant to eyes, mucous membranes; human respiratory system effects (chronic pulmonary edema, emphysema); human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Strong oxidizer that supports combustion of other org. materials; combines with moisture to liberate O2 and form HCl; explodes on contact with many chemicals; reactive with many common substances NFPA: Health 4, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Flour treatment agent, bleaching agent, antimicrobial, preservative, oxidizing agent in food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.105, 137.200; GRAS; HAP; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adeka Fine Chem. http://www.adk.co.jp; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allied Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Universal http://www.allieduniversal.com Altivia http://www.altivia.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Asahi Chem. Ind. http://www.asahi-kasei.co.jp; BASF http://www.basf.com Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; DPC Ind. http://www.dxsystemsco.com; Delta http://www.deltachemical.com/; Dow http://www.dow.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com Finnish Chems. Oy http://www.finnishchemicals.com; Georgia Gulf http://www.ggc.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Hydrite http://www.hydrite.com Melchemie bv http://www.melchemie.com/; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Olin/Chlor Alkali http://www.olinchloralkali.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp Wah Chang http://www.wahchang.com/ Chlorine dioxide CAS 10049-04-4; EINECS/ELINCS 233-162-8 UN NA 9191; INS926 Synonyms: Anthium dioxide; Chlorine oxide; Chlorine (IV) oxide; Chlorine peroxide; Chloroperoxyl; Chloryl radical Classification: Halogen oxide Empirical: ClO2 Formula: O=Cl-O Properties: Red to yel. gas, unpleasant odor; dec. in water; m.w. 67.46; dens. (liq.) 1.642; m.p. -59 C; b.p. 11 C; explodes when heated Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.1 ppm; STEL 0.3 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 292 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 15 min) 500 ppm; mod. toxic by inh.; primary irritant; very irritating to skin and mucous membranes; eye irritant; may cause pulmonary edema; mutagen; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed 1048

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: DOT hazard: forbidden; unstable; highly explosive; strong oxidizing agent; reacts violently with organic materials; reacts with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes of HCl Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., produces toxic fumes of Cl– Uses: Bleaching agent, oxidizing agent for foods, flour; flour treatment agent; purification of water; taste and odor control agent; bactericide Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.105, 137.200, 173.300, 178.1010; granted prior sanction via clearance for optional use as a bleaching agent for flour under food standards §15; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland/Drew Ind. Div. http://www.ashchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Eka Chems. http://www.eka.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Finnish Chems. Oy http://www.finnishchemicals.com Int'l. Dioxcide http://www.idiclo2.com; Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp Trade Names: Anthium 200® Trade Names Containing: Oxine®; ProOxine® Chlorine oxide; Chlorine (IV) oxide; Chlorine peroxide. See Chlorine dioxide 1-Chloro-2,2-dichloroethylene. See Trichloroethylene Chlorodimethyl ether. See Chloromethyl methyl ether 1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane; 3-Chloro-1,2epoxypropane. See Epichlorohydrin Chlorofluorocarbon 113. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chlorofyl. See Chlorophyll 2-Chloroisopropyl alcohol. See 2-Chloro-1propanol Chloromethane. See Methyl chloride Chloromethoxymethane. See Chloromethyl methyl ether Chloromethylated aminated styrenedivinylbenzene resin CAS 60177-39-1 Synonyms: Poly (divinylbenzene-co-trimethyl (vinylbenzyl) ammonium chloride); Styrene/DVB resin, chloromethylated aminated Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– and NO2 Uses: Decolorizing agent and clarifier for treatment of refinery sugar liquors and juices Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.70; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium (Chloromethyl) ethylene oxide. See Epichlorohydrin Chloromethyl methyl ether CAS 107-30-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-480-1 UN 1239 (DOT) Synonyms: Chlorodimethyl ether; Chloromethoxymethane; CMME; Dimethylchloroether; Methoxymethyl chloride; Methylchloromethyl ether; Monochlorodimethyl ether Classification: Halogenated aliphatic ether Empirical: C2H5ClO Properties: Colorless liq.; irritating odor; sol. in ethanol, ether, many org. solvs.; dec. in hot ethanol; hydrolyzes very fast in water; m.w. 80.52; dens. 1.07; m.p. -103.5 C; b.p. 59 C; flash pt. (CC) 15 C; surf. tens. 30 dynes/cm Toxicology: LD50 (oral) 1000 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 7 h) 55 ppm; mod. toxic; poison by inh.; mod. toxic by ing.; ing. can cause severe irritation to the mouth, throat, and stomach; inh. can cause severe irritation to nose, throat, upper respiratory tract; severe exposure may cause pulmonary edema and possibly death; can cause severe skin and eye irritation with burns and permanent scarring; lachrymator; confirmed human carcinogen; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; corrosive; reacts with water to produce HCl, methanol, and formaldehyde; reacts with divalent metals to form very reactive prod. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, CO, hydrogen chloride, phosgene; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 3, Reactivity 2 Uses: Ion exchange membrane in prod. of grapefruit juice Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.20; HAP Manuf./Distrib.: Tokyo Kasei Kogyo http://www.tokyokasei.co.jp 1049

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chloromethyloxirane; 2-(Chloromethyl) oxirane. See Epichlorohydrin Chloropentafluoroethane CAS 76-15-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-938-2 UN 1020 (DOT); INS945 Synonyms: CFC 115; F 115; Fluorocarbon 115; Freon 115; Monochloropentafluoroethane; R 115 Classification: Nonaromatic halogenated hydrocarbons Empirical: C2ClF5 Formula: CClF2CF3 Properties: Colorless liquefied gas; odorless; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 154.47; dens. 1.5678 (-42 C); vapor pressure 760 mm Hg; m.p. -106 C; b.p. -39.3 C; ref. index 1.290; surf. tens. 5 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 1.0; nonflamm. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1000 ppm; mildly toxic by inhalation; TSCA listed Environmental: ThOD 0.10 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of F– and Cl– Storage: Store away from heat Uses: Propellant, aerating agent in foamed or sprayed food prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.345; SARA §313 reportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Matheson Gas Prods. http://www.mathesontrigas.com Chloroperoxyl. See Chlorine dioxide Chlorophyll CAS 1406-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 215-800-7 INS140; E140 Synonyms: Biophyll; Chlorofyl; CI 75810; Green chlorophyl Properties: Dk. green liq. Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 285 mg/kg; poison by IV and IP routes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Colorant in foods, casings, rendered fats, oleomargarine, shortening, oils Regulatory: Green chlorophyll cleared by MID for coloring sausage casings, oleomargarine, and shortening, and in marking or branding inks for prods. in an amt. sufficient for the purpose; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL; may be mixed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

with approved synthetic dyes or harmless inert materials such as common salt or sugar; Japan restricted Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BDH Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Wako Chem. USA http://www.wakousa.com Chlorophyllin-copper complex CAS 11006-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 234-242-5 INS141(i); E141ii Synonyms: CCC; Chlorophyllin, copper sodium complex; CI 75815; Copper sodium chlorophyllin; Potassium sodium copper chlorophyllin; Sodium copper chlorophyllin Classification: Food starch modified Definition: Obtained from chlorophyll from dehydrated alfalfa by replacing the methyl and phytyl ester groups with alkali and replacing the magnesium with copper Properties: Grn.-blk. powd. Uses: Colorant in foods Features: Blue-green color Use Level: 0.1% max. (dentifrices); 0.003% max. (bone cement) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1125, 73.2125, 73.3110; exempt from certification, permanently listed for drug use and medical devices Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. 1050

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.anmarinternational.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Boith China http://www.boith.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com Chlorophyllin, copper sodium complex. See Chlorophyllin-copper complex Chloropotassuril. See Potassium chloride 2-Chloropropanol. See 2-Chloro-1-propanol 2-Chloro-1-propanol CAS 78-89-7 UN 2611 Synonyms: 2-Chloroisopropyl alcohol; 2Chloropropanol; 2-Chloropropyl alcohol; βChloropropyl alcohol; 1-Hydroxy-2chloropropane; 1-Propanol, 2-chloro-; Propylene chlorohydrin Empirical: C3H7ClO Formula: HOCH2CHClCH3 Properties: Colorless clear liq.; pleasant odor; sol. in water; sol. > 10% in ether, 95% ethanol; m.w. 94.54; sp.gr. 1.1; b.p. 133-134 C; flash pt. 52 C; ref. index 1.4390 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 218 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 529 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 500 ppm; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by inh. and skin contact; skin and severe eye irritant; can burn eyes; may cause mucous membrane/lung irritation and hemolysis; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; incompat. with oxidizing agents; may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of chlorine NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store refrigerated; protect from light Uses: Prep. of food starch modified Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; Canada DSL 2-Chloropropyl alcohol; β-Chloropropyl alcohol. See 2-Chloro-1-propanol Chloropropylene oxide; 3-Chloro-1,2-propylene oxide; γ-Chloropropylene oxide. See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Epichlorohydrin Chlorous acid, sodium salt. See Sodium chlorite Chloryl radical. See Chlorine dioxide Chocolate brown FK. See Brown FK Chocolate brown HT. See Brown HT Cholalic acid; Cholalin. See Cholic acid Cholecalciferol CAS 67-97-0; EINECS/ELINCS 200-673-2 Synonyms: Calciol; 5,7-Cholestadien-3-β-ol; 7Dehydrocholesterol; 9,10-Secocholestra5,7,10(19)-trien-3-ol, (3β,5z,7e)-; 9,10Seco(5Z,7E)-5,7,10(19)-cholestratrien-3-ol; Vitamin D3 Classification: Organic compd.; sterol; vitamin Empirical: C27H44O Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst., odorless; unstable in light and air; sol. in acetone, alcohol, chloroform, fatty oils; insol. in water; m.w. 384.71; m.p. 84-88 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 42 mg/kg; poison by ing.; experimental teratogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Affected by air and light Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Dietary supplement, nutrient in foods, infant formulas, margarine; animal feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §107.10, 166.110, 184.1950, GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; Daiichi Fine Chems. https://www.daiichi-fcj.co.jp/eng/; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de;

1051

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Solvay Pharmaceuticals BV http://www.solvayvitamins.nl/; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Bioblend # 7; Bonus Blend; Dohyfral D3-2000 AG; Dry Vitamin D3 Type 100 SD; Liquid Vitamin D3 Rex® Vitamin Fortified Wheat Germ Oil; Vitamin A and D-3 Blend 5,7-Cholestadien-3-β-ol. See Cholecalciferol Cholest-5-en-3β-ol; 5-Cholesten-3-β-ol; Cholesteric esters; Cholesterin. See Cholesterol Cholesterol CAS 57-88-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-353-2 Synonyms: Cholest-5-en-3β-ol; 5-Cholesten-3β-ol; Cholesteric esters; Cholesterin; Cholesteryl alcohol; 3-β-Hydroxycholest-5ene Classification: Steroid alcohol Definition: Mono-unsaturated sec. alcohol of the cyclopentenophenanthrene system Empirical: C27H46O Formula: C27H45OH Properties: Wh. or faintly yel. pearly granules or crystals, almost odorless; yel. to tan color on prolonged exposure to light; sol. in ethers, acetone, chloroform, dioxane, ethyl acetate, hexane, benzene, petrol. ether, oils, fats; sl. sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 386.67; dens. 1.067; m.p. 148.5 C; b.p. 360 C (dec.) Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rabbit) 2100 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 800 mg/kg; nontoxic to skin; questionable carcinogen; tumorigen, mutagen; reproductive effector; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive; refrigerate Uses: Emulsifier in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Natural Regulatory: Japan approved; approved for ophthalmics, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de CoKEM Assoc.; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd; Croda Chem. Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Genzyme http://www.genzyme.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solvay Pharmaceuticals BV http://www.solvayvitamins.nl/ Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Cholesteryl alcohol. See Cholesterol 1052

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Cholesteryl oleate CAS 303-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 206-142-1 Classification: Steroid Empirical: C45H78O2 Properties: M.w. 651.12; m.p. 44-47 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Nofable CO-90; Nofable CO-99 Cholic acid CAS 81-25-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-337-8 INS1000 Synonyms: Cholalic acid; Cholalin; Colalin; 3,7,12-Trihydroxycholanic acid; 3α,7α,12αTrihydroxy-5-β-cholan-24-oic acid Classification: Steroid Empirical: C24H40O5 Properties: Wh. cryst. (monohydrate); bitter taste with sweetish aftertaste; sol. in glacial acetic acid, acetone, alcohol; sl. sol. in chloroform; insol. in water, benzene; m.w. 408.58; m.p. 198 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 4950 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 330 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 330 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier in foods Regulatory: Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Cholic acid, monosodium salt; Cholic acid sodium salt. See Ox bile extract Choline acetate CAS 14586-35-7 INS1001(i) Uses: Emulsifier in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Sigma-Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Choline bitartrate CAS 87-67-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-763-4 INS1001(v) Synonyms: Choline hydrogen tartrate; Choline tartrate; Choline, tartrate (1:1) salt; Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl, salt with (R-(R+,R+))-2,3dihydroxybutanedioic acid (1:1); Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, salt with (R-(R,R))-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (1:1); (2-Hydroxyethyl) trimethyl ammonium bitartrate Empirical: C9H19NO7 Formula: (C5H14NO) • C4H5O6 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless or lt. trimethylamine odor; sour acetic taste; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether, chloroform, benzene; m.w. 253.25; m.p. 151153 C Toxicology: Irritant; high dosages may cause salivation, sweating, nausea, diarrhea, depression Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Dietary supplement, nutrient in foods; emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.8250, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com Fallek; GMI Prods. http://www.gmioriginates.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; 1053

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Choline carbonate INS1001(ii) Classification: Choline compd. Uses: Emulsifier in foods Choline chlorhydrate. See Choline chloride Choline chloride CAS 67-48-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-655-4 INS1001(iii) Synonyms: Choline chlorhydrate; Choline hydrochloride; Cholinium chloride; Hepacholine; (2-Hydroxyethyl) trimethylammonium chloride Empirical: C5H14NO • Cl Formula: (CH3)3N(Cl)CH2CH2OH Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst., sl. odor of trimethylamine; sol. in water and alcohol; m.w. 139.65 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 9 g/kg, (IP, rat) 400 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 53 mg/kg; poison by IP and IV routes; moderately toxic by ing., subcut. routes; high dosages may cause adverse effects; suspected carcinogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl–, NOx, NH3 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Emulsifier, nutrient, mineral supplement, dietary supplement in foods; animal feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.8252, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Choline citrate INS1001(iv) Uses: Emulsifier in foods Manuf./Distrib.: TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Choline hydrochloride. See Choline chloride Choline hydrogen tartrate. See Choline bitartrate Choline lactate INS1001(vi) Uses: Emulsifier in foods Choline phosphate CAS 107-73-3 Synonyms: Phosphocholine; OPhosphocholine; Phosphoryl choline Empirical: C5H14NO4P Properties: M.w. 183.14 Uses: Fermentation regulator; taste improver in sake Regulatory: 0.2 g/L in sake; Japan approved Choline tartrate; Choline, tartrate (1:1) salt. See Choline bitartrate Cholinium chloride. See Choline chloride Chondroitin polysulfate. See Chondroitin sulfate Chondroitin sulfate CAS 9007-28-7 Synonyms: Chondroitin polysulfate; Chondroitin sulfuric acid; Chondroitin sulfuric acids; Chonsurid Classification: Mucopolysaccharide Definition: Major constituent of the cartilaginous tissue in the body Properties: M.w. ≈ 50,000 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 2340 mg/kg; TDLo (oral, rat, 26 wk intermittent) 455 g/kg, (IV, rat, 14 days intermittent) 1680 mg/kg; may cause wt. loss, change in liver wt.; TSCA listed Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan 1054

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com Bioiberica http://www.bioiberica.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Celsus Labs http://www.heparin.com/; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com Croda Chem. Europe Ltd; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Jedwards Int'l. http://www.codliveroil.com; Kraeber GmbH http://www.kraeber.de/; M.W. Int'l.; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Wako Chem. USA http://www.wakousa.com Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com; Wilke Int'l. http://www.wilkeinternational.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names Containing: Soluble Trachea CS 16 Substance Chondroitin sulfuric acid; Chondroitin sulfuric acids. See Chondroitin sulfate Chondrus. See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Chondrus crispus; Chondrus crispus extract; Chondrus extract. See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract Chonsurid. See Chondroitin sulfate 6-Chromanol, 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12trimethyl tridecyl)-. See DL-α-Tocopherol 6-Chromanol, 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12trimethyltridecyl)-, acetate. See dl-αTocopheryl acetate 2-Chromanone. See Dihydrocoumarin Chromic oxide hydrated. See Chromium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

hydroxide green Chromium hydroxide green CAS 12001-99-9; EINECS/ELINCS 215-160-9 Synonyms: Chromic oxide hydrated; Chromium oxide hydrate; CI 77289; Dichromium trioxide; Guignet's green; Hydrated chromic sesquioxide; Hydrated chromium oxide green; Hydrated chromium sesquioxide; Pigment green 18; Veridian Classification: Inorganic pigment Empirical: H4Cr2O5 Formula: Cr2O(OH)4 Properties: Bluish/brilliant green transparent powd.; m.w. 188.02; dens. 3.2 kg/l; dec. on heating above 250 C Toxicology: Applic. to skin may cause allergic reaction; ingestion results in violent gastrointestinal irritation Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1326, 73.2326; exempt from certification, permanently listed for drug use Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Presperse http://www.presperse.com/; Presperse http://www.presperse.com/; TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com Chromium oxide hydrate. See Chromium hydroxide green Chromotrichia factor. See p-Aminobenzoic acid Chrystanthemum balsamita. See Costmary (Chrysanthemum balsamita) Chymosin. See Rennet CI 11380. See 1-(Phenylazo)-2-naphthylamine CI 12156. See Citrus red no. 2 CI 14700. See Ponceau SX; FD&C Red No. 4 CI 15850. See Litholrubine BK CI 15985. See FD&C Yellow No. 6 CI 15985:1. See FD&C Yellow No. 6 aluminum lake CI 16035. See FD&C Red No. 40 CI 16155. See Ponceau 3R CI 16185. See Amaranth CI 16255. See Acid red 18 CI 18050. See Acid red 1 CI 18965. See Acid yellow 17 CI 19140. See FD&C Yellow No. 5; Tartrazine CI 19140:1. See FD&C Yellow No. 5 aluminum lake CI 19235. See Orange B CI 20285. See Brown HT CI 28440. See Brilliant black 1 1055

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference CI 40800. See Carotene CI 40820. See β-Apo-8´-carotenal CI 40825. See β-Apo-8´-carotenic acid, ethyl ester CI 40850. See Canthaxanthine CI 42051. See Acid blue 3 CI 42053. See FD&C Green No. 3; Fast green FCF CI 42090. See FD&C Blue No. 1; Acid blue 9 CI 42090:2. See FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake CI 45430. See FD&C Red No. 3 CI 47005. See Acid yellow 3 CI 73015. See FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake; FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 CI 75120. See Annatto (Bixa orellana); Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract CI 75125. See Lycopene CI 75130. See Carotene CI 75135. See Rubixanthin CI 75300. See Curcumin; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) CI 75810. See Chlorophyll CI 75815. See Chlorophyllin-copper complex CI 76505. See Resorcinol CI 77000. See Aluminum CI 77004. See Aluminum silicate; Kaolin; Bentonite CI 77007. See Ultramarine blue CI 77019. See Mica; Talc CI 77220. See Calcium carbonate CI 77231. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate CI 77265. See Carbon, activated CI 77266. See Carbon black; Vegetable carbon CI 77289. See Chromium hydroxide green CI 77320. See Cobalt CI 77400. See Copper CI 77480. See Gold CI 77489. See Iron oxides CI 77491. See Iron oxide red; Iron oxides; Ferric oxide CI 77499. See Iron oxides; Iron oxide black CI 77711. See Silica, fumed CI 77713. See Magnesium carbonate CI 77718. See Talc CI 77726. See Manganese oxide (ous) CI 77755. See Potassium permanganate CI 77775. See Nickel CI 77820. See Silver CI 77864. See Stannous chloride anhydrous CI 77891. See Titanium dioxide CI 77947. See Zinc oxide Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CI 77950. See Zinc carbonate Cichorium intybus. See Chicory (Cichorium intybus) extract CI food black 1, tetrasodium salt. See Brilliant black 1 CI Food Brown 1. See Brown FK CI Food Brown 3. See Brown HT CI food orange 7. See β-Apo-8´-carotenic acid, methyl ester CI Food Orange 7. See β-Apo-8´-carotenic acid, ethyl ester CI food red 6; CI food red 6, disodium salt. See Ponceau 3R CI natural orange 4. See Annatto (Bixa orellana) CI natural red 22. See Red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus) CI natural red 28. See Orchil Cincholepidine. See Lepidine Cinchona bark extract. See Cinchona extract Cinchona extract CAS 68990-12-5 FEMA 2285 Synonyms: China bark extract; Cinchona bark extract; Peruvian bark extract; Quinine bark extract Definition: Extract derived from Cinchona spp. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Cinchonan-9-ol, 6´-mnethoxy-. See Quinine Cinene. See d-Limonene; dl-Limonene Cineol; 1,8-Cineol; Cineole. See Eucalyptol 1,4-Cineole CAS 470-67-7; EINECS/ELINCS 207-428-9 FEMA 3658 Synonyms: 1,4-Epoxy-p-menthane; Isocineole; p-Menthane, 1,4-epoxy-; 1-Methyl-4-(1methylethyl)-7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] heptane; 7-Oxabicyclo (2.2.1) heptane, 1-methyl-4-(1methylethyl)Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless liq., camphoraceous odor, spicy flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 154.25; dens. 0.887; m.p. -46 C; b.p. 65 C (16 mm); flash pt. 118 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3100 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, 1056

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference baked goods, ice cream, meats, hard and soft candy, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1,8-Cineole. See Eucalyptol Cinnamal CAS 104-55-2; 14371-10-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-213-9 FEMA 2286 Synonyms: Benzylideneacetaldehyde; Cassia aldehyde; Cinnamaldehyde; Cinnamic aldehyde; Cinnamyl aldehyde; Phenylacrolein; 3-Phenylpropenal; 3Phenyl-2-propenal; 2-Propenal, 3-phenylClassification: Aromatic aldehyde Definition: A syn. liq. with strong cinnamon odor isolated from a wood-rotting fungus; found in Ceylon and Chinese cinnamon oils Empirical: C9H8O Formula: C6H5CH:CHCHO Properties: Ylsh. oily liq., strong cinnamon odor, burning aromatic taste; misc. with oxygenated and chlorinated solvs., alcohol, ether, chloroform, fixed oils; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 132.16; dens. 1.048-1.052; m.p. -7.5 C; b.p. 246 C; flash pt. 248 F; ref. index 1.6191.623 (20 C); thickens on exposure to air Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2220 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 75 mg/kg; poison by IV and parenteral routes; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; severe human skin irritant; one of the most common allergens; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; may ignite after delay in contact with NaOH; volatile with steam; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40 F in tightly Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments, meats Features: Cinnamon-, vanilla-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/ Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names Containing: Cinnamon Oil 950 Cinnamaldehyde. See Cinnamal Cinnamaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal CAS 5660-60-6; EINECS/ELINCS 227-110-3 FEMA 2287 Synonyms: Cinnamic aldehyde ethylene glycol acetal; Cinncloval; 2-Styryl-1,3dioxolane; 2-Styryl-m-dioxolane Definition: From cinnamic aldehyde and ethylene glycol Empirical: C11H12O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., cinnamon-like odor and flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 176.22; b.p. 265 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, candy, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Cinnamein. See Benzyl cinnamate Cinnamene; Cinnamenol. See Styrene Cinnamic acetate. See Cinnamyl acetate Cinnamic acid CAS 621-82-9; EINECS/ELINCS 210-708-3 FEMA 2288 Synonyms: Cinnamylic acid; 3-Phenylacrylic acid; β-Phenylacrylic acid; t-β-Phenylacrylic acid; 3-Phenylpropenoic acid; 3-Phenyl-2propenoic acid Empirical: C9H8O2 Formula: C6H5CH:CHCOOH Properties: Wh. monoclinic cryst., honey floral odor; sol. in benzene, ether, acetone, glac. acetic acid, carbon disulfide, fixed oils; m.w. 148.17; dens. 1.2475 (4/4 C); m.p. 133 C; b.p. 300 C; flash pt. > 212 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2500 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1600 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 380 mg/kg; poison by IV and IP routes; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Sweet, cinnamon-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; BP compliance; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Raschig; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com trans-Cinnamic acid benzyl ester. See Benzyl cinnamate Cinnamic acid-n-butyl ester. See Butyl cinnamate Cinnamic acid cinnamyl ester. See Cinnamyl cinnamate Cinnamic acid, cyclohexyl ester. See Cyclohexyl cinnamate Cinnamic acid, 3,4-dihydroxy-, 2-ester with 3(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) lactic acid. See Rosmarinic acid Cinnamic acid-1,5-dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexenyl ester; Cinnamic acid-1,5-dimethyl-1-vinyl-4hexen-1-yl ester. See Linalyl cinnamate Cinnamic acid heptyl ester. See Heptyl cinnamate Cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-. See Ferulic acid Cinnamic acid, isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl cinnamate Cinnamic acid, isopentyl ester. See Isoamyl cinnamate Cinnamic acid, linalyl ester. See Linalyl cinnamate Cinnamic acid phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl cinnamate 1058

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Cinnamic acid, 3-phenylpropyl ester. See 3Phenylpropyl cinnamate Cinnamic acid propyl ester. See Propyl cinnamate Cinnamic alcohol. See Cinnamyl alcohol Cinnamic aldehyde. See Cinnamal Cinnamic aldehyde ethylene glycol acetal. See Cinnamaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal Cinnamol. See Styrene Cinnamomum camphora. See Camphor Cinnamomum camphora oil. See Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil Cinnamomum cassia. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil Cinnamomum cassia extract. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract Cinnamomum cassia oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil Cinnamomum cecidodaphne Meissn. See Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria) extract Cinnamomum oleoresin. See Oleoresin cinnamon bark Cinnamomum zeylanicum. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract Cinnamon. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) Cinnamon bark extract CAS 977038-60-0 Definition: Extract of the bark of Cinnamomum spp. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS See also Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract Cinnamon bark oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil Cinnamon bark oil, Ceylon. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil Cinnamon bark, oleoresin, Ceylon; Cinnamon bark, oleoresin, Chinese; Cinnamon bark, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

oleoresin, Saigon. See Oleoresin cinnamon bark Cinnamon, Chinese. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) FEMA 2256 Synonyms: Cassia; Chinese cinnamon; Cinnamomum cassia; Cinnamon; Cinnamon, Chinese Definition: Plant material derived from dried bark of Cinnamomum cassia Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, 182.20, 582.10, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract CAS 84961-46-6; 8015-91-6; EINECS/ELINCS 284-635-0 FEMA 2257; 2290 Synonyms: Cassia bark extract; Cinnamomum cassia; Cinnamomum cassia extract; Cinnamon bark extract; Cinnamon extract; Cinnamon oleroresin, nat. Definition: Extract of the dried bark of the cinnamon, Cinnamomum cassia Properties: Greenish-brown to reddish-brown, visc. liq.; spciy, sweet, cinnamon-like odor; sp.gr. 1.0308-1.0808; flash pt. (CC) > 140 C; ref. index 1.5944-1.6024 Storage: Store @ 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers; protect from light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Use Level: 0.2% max. of cassia oil in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil CAS 8007-80-5 FEMA 2258 Synonyms: Artificial cinnamon oil; Cassia bark oil; Cassia oil; Chinese cinnamon oil; Cinnamomum cassia; Cinnamomum cassia oil; Cinnamon bark oil; Cinnamon oil; Saigon cinnamon 1059

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Volatile oil distilled from the leaves and twigs of Cinnamomum cassia, contg. 8090% cinnamaldehyde, plus cinnamyl acetate, eugenol Properties: Ylsh. to brnsh. liq., cinnamon odor, spicy burning taste; darkens and thickens on exposure to air; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin, min. oil; dens. 1.045-1.063; ref. index 1.6020-1.6060 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2800 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 500 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 320 mg/kg; poison by skin contact; mod. toxic by ing., IP routes; primary irritant; human skin irritant; may cause respiratory stimulation, acute pulmonary edema; suspected weak carcinogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §145.135, 145.140, 145.145, 145.180, 145.181, 182.20, GRAS, 27CFR §21.151; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Adept Sol'ns.; Asiamerica Int'l.; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Millennium/F&F Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SKW Chems. http://www.skwchem.com/ Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) FEMA 2289 Synonyms: Ceylon cinnamon; Chinese cinnamon; Cinnamomum zeylanicum; Cinnamon; Saigon cinnamon Definition: Cinnamomum zeylanicum Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, apple butter, condiments, meats Regulatory: FEMA GRAS Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil CAS 8015-91-6; EINECS/ELINCS 283-479-0 FEMA 2291 Synonyms: Ceylon cinnamon oil; Cinnamomum zeylanicum; Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark oil; Cinnamon bark oil; Cinnamon bark oil, Ceylon; Cinnamon oil, Ceylon; Cinnamon oil, Sri Lankan Definition: Volatile oil from bark of Ceylon cinnamon Cinnamomum zeylanicum, contg. 50-65% cinnamaldehyde, 4-8% eugenol, and phellandrene Properties: Lt. yel. liq., char. cinnamon odor; gradually becomes reddish; sol. in ethanol; insol. in water; dens. 1.000-1.030; ref. index 1.565-1.582 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50(oral, rat) 2650 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) >5000 mg/kg Precaution: Wear, gloves, lab coat, and vapor respirator; avoid contact with oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments, meats Use Level: 0.1% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §145.135, 145.140, 1060

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 145.145, 145.181, 182.20, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Alfred L. Wolff GmbH http://www.alwolff.de; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Cooke Aromatics Pty. Ltd http://www.cookearomatics.com.au; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/; Ikeda http://www.ikedabussan.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract CAS 84649-98-9; 8015-91-6; EINECS/ELINCS 283-479-0 FEMA 2290 Synonyms: Cinnamomum zeylanicum; Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract; Cinnamon bark extract; Cinnamon, crude extract; Cinnamon extract Definition: Extract of the dried bark of the cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Properties: Yel. liq.; char., sweet-spicy, burning, strong odor; essentially insol. in water; dens. 1.010-1.030; flash pt. ≈ 88 C; ref. index 1.5341.591 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 4980 mg/kg; may cause convulsions, ataxia, respiratory stimulation Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FEMA 182.20, 582.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Gallaher Group http://www.gallahergroup.com; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil CAS 8015-91-6; EINECS/ELINCS 283-479-0 FEMA 2292 Synonyms: Ceylon cinnamon leaf oil; Chinese cinnamon leaf oil; Cinnamon leaf oil; Cinnamon leaf oil, Ceylon; Cinnamon leaf oil, Seychelles; Saigon cinnamon leaf oil; Seychelles cinnamon leaf oil Definition: Oil obtained by steam distillation of leaves from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Properties: Lt. to dk. brn. liq., spicy cinnamon, clove odor and taste; sol. in oxygenated solvs., fixed oils, propylene glycol, min. oil; insol. in glycerin, water; dens. 1.05 kg/l (20 C); flash pt. 194 F Toxicology: May irritate eyes, skin Precaution: Wear oil/solv. resistant gloves, chemical splash goggles or face shield Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in full, sealed containers in cool, dry place away from sources of ignition, heat, direct sunlight Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, condiments, pickles, meats, spiced fruits Use Level: 0.1% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Gallaher Group http://www.gallahergroup.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com Payan & Bertrand http://www.payanbertrand.com/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com 1061

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Cinnamon, crude extract. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract Cinnamon extract. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract Cinnamon leaf oil; Cinnamon leaf oil, Ceylon; Cinnamon leaf oil, Seychelles. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil Cinnamon oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil Cinnamon oil, Ceylon; Cinnamon oil, Sri Lankan. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil Cinnamon oleroresin, nat. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract Cinnamyl acetate CAS 103-54-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-121-9 FEMA 2293 Synonyms: Acetic acid, cinnamyl ester; Cinnamic acetate; 3-Phenylallyl acetate; γPhenylallyl acetate; 2-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol acetate; 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-yl acetate Definition: Ester of cinnamyl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C11H12O2 Properties: Colorless liq., sweet floral odor; misc. with chloroform, ether, fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, water @ 264 C; m.w. 176.23; dens. 1.047-1.051; b.p. 265 C; flash pt. 244 F; ref. index 1.539-1.543 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3300 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion and IP routes; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Prodasynth Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cinnamyl alcohol CAS 104-54-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-212-3 FEMA 2294 Synonyms: Cinnamic alcohol; 3-Phenylallyl alcohol; γ-Phenylallyl alcohol; 3-Phenyl-2propenol; 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol; Styrone; Styryl alcohol; Styryl carbinol Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C9H10O Formula: C6H5CH:CHCH2OH Properties: Wh. to ylsh. needles or cryst. mass, hyacinth odor; sol. in water, glycerol, propylene glycol, alcohol, ether, other common org. solvs.; m.w. 134.19; dens. 1.0397 (35/35 C); vapor dens. 4.6; m.p. 33 C; b.p. 250 C; flash pt. 126 C; ref. index 1.58190 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; can cause allergic reaction; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds, public waters Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Features: Balsamic, sweetly floral fragrance and flavor Use Level: 0.8% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; 1062

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Cinnamyl alcohol anthranilate. See Cinnamyl anthranilate Cinnamyl alcohol, benzoate. See Cinnamyl benzoate Cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamate. See Cinnamyl cinnamate Cinnamyl alcohol, formate. See Cinnamyl formate Cinnamyl alcohol, α-pentyl, acetate. See αAmylcinnamyl acetate Cinnamyl aldehyde. See Cinnamal Cinnamyl-2-aminobenzoate; Cinnamyl-oaminobenzoate. See Cinnamyl anthranilate Cinnamyl anthranilate CAS 87-29-6 FEMA 2295 Synonyms: 2-Aminobenzoic acid-3-phenyl-2propenyl ester; Anthranilic acid cinnamyl ester; Cinnamyl alcohol anthranilate; Cinnamyl-2-aminobenzoate; Cinnamyl-oaminobenzoate; 3-Phenyl-2propenylanthranilate; 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1yl anthranilate Empirical: C16H15NO2 Properties: Reddish yel. powd., balsamic odor; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 253.32; dens. 1.180 (15.5 C); m.p. 60 C; b.p. 332 C; flash pt. > 100 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5000 mg/kg; suspected carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen; mutation data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §189.113; prohibited from direct addition or use in human food; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Cinnamyl benzoate CAS 5320-75-2; EINECS/ELINCS 226-180-2 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, cinnamyl ester; Cinnamyl alcohol, benzoate; 3-Phenylallyl benzoate; 3-Phenyl-2-propenyl benzoate Empirical: C16H14O2 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 238.29; dens. 1.04; m.p. 31 C; b.p. 209 C (13 mm) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.5% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Cinnamyl butyrate CAS 103-61-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-128-7 FEMA 2296 Synonyms: Butynoic acid, 3-phenyl-2propenyl ester; Butyric acid, cinnamyl ester; 3-Phenylallyl butanoate; 3-Phenyl-2propenyl butanoate; Phenyl propenyl-nbutyrate Empirical: C13H16O2 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq., fruity sl. floral odor, honey-like taste; insol. in water; m.w. 204.27; dens. 1.010-1.015 (25/25 C); b.p. 300 C; flash pt. > 100 C Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Grau 1063

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cinnamyl cinnamate CAS 122-69-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-566-1 FEMA 2298 Synonyms: Cinnamic acid cinnamyl ester; Cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamate; Cinnyl cinnamate; Phenylallyl cinnamate; 3Phenyl-2-propenoic acid 3-phenyl-2propenyl ester; 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-yl cinnamate; 3-Phenyl-2-propenyl 3-phenyl-2propenoate; 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, 3phenyl-2-propenyl ester; Styracin Empirical: C18H16O2 Formula: C5H5CH=CHCOOCH2CH=CHC6H5 Properties: Cryst.; sweet resinous odor; sol. in alcohol, benzene; m.w. 264.31; dens. 1.1565 (4 C); trans-trans: needles; pract. insol. in water; sol. 1 g/3 ml ether; m.p. 44 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cinnamyl formate CAS 104-65-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-223-3 FEMA 2299 Synonyms: Cinnamyl alcohol, formate; Cinnamyl methanoate; Formic acid, cinnamyl ester; 3-Phenylallyl methanoate; 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-yl formate Empirical: C10H10O2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq., balsamic fruityfloral odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 162.19; dens. 1.080; b.p. 250-254 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5500-1.5560 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2900 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cinnamylic acid. See Cinnamic acid Cinnamyl isobutyrate CAS 103-59-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-126-6 FEMA 2297 Synonyms: Isobutyric acid, cinnamyl ester; 2Methylpropanoic acid, 3-phenyl-2-propenyl ester; 3-Phenylallyl 2-methylpropanoate; 3Phenyl-2-propenyl 2-methylpropanoate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C13H16O2 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq., sweet balsamic fruity odor; insol. in water; m.w. 204.27; dens. 1.01; vapor dens. 7; b.p. 254 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5230-1.5280 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; COx Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original container tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, toppings Features: Sweet, fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 1064

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Cinnamyl isovalerate CAS 140-27-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-407-9 FEMA 2302 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 3phenyl-2-propenyl ester; Cinnamyl 3-methyl butyrate; Isovaleric acid, cinnamyl ester; 3Methylbutanoic acid 3-phenyl-2-propenyl ester; 3-Phenylallyl isovalerate; 3Phenylallyl 3-methylbutanoate; 3-Phenyl-2propenyl 3-methylbutanoate Definition: Obtained by esterification of cinnamic alcohol with isovaleric acid Empirical: C14H18O2 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq., rose-like odor, apple-like taste; misc. with alcohol, ether, chloroform, most oils; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 218.29; sp.gr. 0.9920.996; vapor dens. 7.5; b.p. 313 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.518-1.524 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Rose, spicy, balsamic flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Abaco http://www.abacoinc.net/; Advanced Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cinnamyl methanoate. See Cinnamyl formate Cinnamyl 3-methyl butyrate. See Cinnamyl isovalerate Cinnamyl methyl ketone. See Benzylidene acetone Cinnamyl phenylacetate CAS 7492-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-322-1 FEMA 2300 Synonyms: Cinnamyl α-toluate; 3-Phenylallyl phenylacetate; 3-Phenyl-2-propenyl benzeneacetate Empirical: C17H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq., honey-like flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 252.32; dens. 1.09; b.p. 333-335 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Cinnamyl propionate CAS 103-56-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-124-5 FEMA 2301 Synonyms: 3-Phenylallyl propionate; γPhenylallyl propionate; 3-Phenyl-2-propenyl propanoate; 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-yl propionate; Propionic acid, cinnamyl ester Definition: Obtained by esterification of cinnamic alcohol with propionic acid Empirical: C12H14O2 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq., spicy fruity odor; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether, most oils; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 190.24; dens. 1.0370-1.0410 (15 C); b.p. 289 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.5180-1.5240 (20 C) 1065

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3400 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cinnamyl α-toluate. See Cinnamyl phenylacetate Cinncloval. See Cinnamaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal Cinnyl cinnamate. See Cinnamyl cinnamate CI pigment white 25. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate C7-8 isoalkanes. See C7-8 isoparaffin C8-9 isoalkanes. See C8-9 isoparaffin C9-11 isoalkanes. See C9-11 isoparaffin C9-13 isoalkanes. See C9-13 isoparaffin C10-11 isoalkanes. See C10-11 isoparaffin C11-12 isoalkanes. See C11-12 isoparaffin C11-13 isoalkanes. See C11-13 isoparaffin C12-14 isoalkanes. See C12-14 isoparaffin C13-14 isoalkanes. See C13-14 isoparaffin C13-16 isoalkanes. See C13-16 isoparaffin C20-40 isoalkanes. See C20-40 isoparaffin C7-8 isoparaffin CAS 64742-48-9 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 274-273-1 Synonyms: Alkanes, C7-8-iso-; C7-8 isoalkanes; Isoalkanes, C7-8 Definition: Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 7-8 carbons in the alkyl chain Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Environmental: Minimizes VOC Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; in coatings on fruits/vegetables/egg shells; in froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; in insecticides for processed foods Features: Extremely low surf. tens. to improve flow and wetting; minimizes VOC; virtually HAPs free Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 173.340; virtually HAPs free C8-9 isoparaffin CAS 64742-48-9 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 265-150-3 Synonyms: Alkanes, C8-9-iso-; Alkanes, iso-, C8-9; C8-9 isoalkanes; Isoalkanes, C8-9 Definition: Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 8-9 carbons in alkyl chain Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; in coatings on fruits/vegetables/egg shells; in froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; in insecticides for processed foods Features: Extremely low surf. tens. to improve flow and wetting Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 173.340 C9-11 isoparaffin CAS 68551-16-6; 64742-48-9 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 271-365-3; 265-150-3 Synonyms: Alkanes, C9-11-iso-; C9-11 isoalkanes; Isoalkanes, C9-11 Definition: Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 9-11 carbons in alkyl chain Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; in coatings on fruits/vegetables/egg shells; in froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; in insecticides for processed foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 173.340 C9-13 isoparaffin CAS 64365-06-6 (generic) Synonyms: Alkanes, C9-13-iso-; C9-13 isoalkanes; Isoalkanes, C9-13 Definition: Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 9-13 carbons in alkyl chain Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; in coatings on fruits/vegetables/egg shells; in froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; in insecticides for processed foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 173.340 C10-11 isoparaffin CAS 64742-48-9 (generic) Synonyms: Alkanes, C10-11-iso-; Alkanes, iso-, C10-11; C10-11 isoalkanes; Isoalkanes, C10-11 1066

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 10-11 carbons in the alkyl chain Environmental: Minimizes VOC Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; in coatings on fruits/vegetables/egg shells; in froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; in insecticides for processed foods Features: Extremely low surf. tens. to improve flow and wetting; minimizes VOC; virtually HAPs-free Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 173.340; virtually HAPs-free C11-12 isoparaffin CAS 64742-48-9 (generic) Synonyms: Alkanes, C11-12-iso-; Alkanes, iso-, C11-12; C11-12 isoalkanes; Isoalkanes, C11-12 Definition: Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 11-12 carbons in the alkyl chain Environmental: Minimizes VOC Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; in coatings on fruits/vegetables/egg shells; in froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; in insecticides for processed foods Features: Extremely low surf. tens. to improve flow and wetting; minimizes VOC; virtually HAPs-free Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 173.340; virtually HAPs-free C11-13 isoparaffin CAS 64742-48-9 (generic) Synonyms: Alkanes, C11-13-iso-; Alkanes, iso-, C11-13; C11-13 isoalkanes; Isoalkanes, C11-13 Definition: Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 11-13 carbons in the alkyl chain Environmental: Minimizes VOC Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; in coatings on fruits/vegetables/egg shells; in froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; in insecticides for processed foods Features: Extremely low surf. tens. to improve flow and wetting; minimizes VOC; virtually HAPs-free Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 173.340; virtually HAPs-free C12-14 isoparaffin CAS 68551-19-9; EINECS/ELINCS 271-369-5 Synonyms: Alkanes, C12-14-iso-; C12-14 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

isoalkanes; Isoalkanes, C12-14 Definition: Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 12-14 carbons in the alkyl chain Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; in coatings on fruits/vegetables/egg shells; in froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; in insecticides for processed foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 173.340 C13-14 isoparaffin CAS 64742-48-9 (generic) Synonyms: Alkanes, C13-14-iso-; Alkanes, iso-, C13-14; C13-14 isoalkanes; Isoalkanes, C13-14 Definition: Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 13-14 carbons in the alkyl chain Environmental: Minimizes VOC Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; in coatings on fruits/vegetables/egg shells; in froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; in insecticides for processed foods Features: Minimizes VOC; virtually HAPs-free Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 173.340; virtually HAPs-free C13-16 isoparaffin CAS 68551-20-2; EINECS/ELINCS 271-370-0 Synonyms: Alkanes, C13-16-iso-; C13-16 isoalkanes; Isoalkanes, C13-16 Classification: Aliphatic hydrocarbon Definition: Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 13-16 carbons in the alkyl chain Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; in coatings on fruits/vegetables/egg shells; in froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; in insecticides for processed foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 173.340; Canada DSL C20-40 isoparaffin CAS 64365-06-6 Synonyms: Alkanes, C20-40-iso-; C20-40 isoalkanes; Isoalkanes, C20-40 Definition: Mixt. of branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 20-40 carbons in the alkyl chain Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; in coatings on fruits/vegetables/egg shells; in froth flotation cleaning of vegetables; in insecticides for processed foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.882, 173.340 Cistus absolute; Cistus absolute decol; Cistus 1067

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference essential oil; Cistus labdaniferus. See Labdanum (Cistus labdaniferus) Citral CAS 5392-40-5; EINECS/ELINCS 226-394-6 FEMA 2303 Synonyms: Citral natural; 2,6Dimethyloctadien-2,6-al-8; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadienal; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-al; Geranial; Neral; 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7dimethylClassification: Aldehyde Empirical: C10H16O Formula: (CH3)2C:CHCH2CHC(CH3)CHCHO Properties: Pale yel. mobile liq., strong lemon odor; sol. in oxygenated solvs., glycerin, propylene glycol, min. oil, fixed oils, 95% alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 152.24; dens. 0.891-0.987 (15 C); b.p. 220-225 C; flash pt. 198 F; ref. index 1.486-1.490; tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4960 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 460 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; severe human skin irritant; mutagenic data; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant, flavor enhancer in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Fresh, lemon-like, green, sl. lime-like fragrance and flavor Use Level: 0.1-5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Japan approved as flavoring (ENCS no. 4-515); Canada DSL; Philippines Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lothar Streeck http://www.lotharstreeck.de; Lucta SA http://www.lucta.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Surco Prods. http://www.citrusandallied.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names: Citral FG; Citral Extra Trade Names Containing: Lemon Base; Lemon Flavor WONF #8545; Lime Oil 410 Citral diethyl acetal CAS 7492-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-323-7 FEMA 2304 Synonyms: Citral diethyl acetate; 1,1Diethoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene; 3,7Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal diethyl acetal; 2,6Octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-, diethyl acetal; 2,6-Octadiene, 1,1-diethoxy-3,7-dimethylClassification: Nonaromatic acetal Empirical: C14H26O2 Properties: Colorless liq., mild green citrus odor; sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 226.36; dens. 0.8745-0.8790 (15 C); b.p. 230 C; flash pt. 79 C; ref. index 1.4520-1.4545 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; mutagen; 1068

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, condiments Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Citral diethyl acetate. See Citral diethyl acetal Citral dimethyl acetal CAS 7549-37-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-434-0 FEMA 2305 Synonyms: 1,1-Dimethoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,6octadiene; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal dimethyl acetal; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien1-al dimethyl acetal Classification: Nonaromatic acetal Empirical: C12H22O2 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq., fresh lemonlike odor; m.w. 198.31; dens. 0.885; b.p. 198 C; flash pt. 180 F; ref. index 1.4560-1.4630 (20 C) Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Moisture-sensitive Uses: Syn. flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Lemon-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicaHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

trading.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Citral natural. See Citral Citral propylene glycol acetal CAS 10444-50-5; EINECS/ELINCS 233-929-7 Synonyms: Citral 1,2-propylene glycol acetal; 2-(2,6- Dimethyl hepta-1,5-dienyl)-4-methyl1,3-dioxolane Definition: Obtained by condensation of citral with propylene glycol, using a catalyst Empirical: C13H22O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., lemon-orange odor, mild lemon flavor; sol. in propylene glycol, alcohol, oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 210.32 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Citral 1,2-propylene glycol acetal. See Citral propylene glycol acetal Citrem. See Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Citric acid CAS 77-92-9 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 201069-1 FEMA 2306; INS330; E330 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3propanetricarboxylic acid; 2Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid; βHydroxytricarballylic acid Classification: Organic acid Empirical: C6H8O7 Formula: HOC(COOH)(CH2COOH)2 Properties: Colorless translucent crystals or powd., odorless, strongly acidic tart taste; very sol. in water, alcohol, and ether; very sl. sol. in ether; m.w. 192.43; dens. 1.542; m.p. 153 C; flash pt. 212 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6730 mg/kg; poison by IV; mod. toxic by subcut. and IP routes; poison by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; primary irritant; severe eye, mod. skin irritant; some allergenic props.; erodes tooth enamel; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; potentially explosive reaction with metal nitrates Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke, fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 1069

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Acidulant in beverages, foods, flavoring extracts, confections, soft drinks; antioxidant, chelating agent, sequestrant, trace metal scavenger, dispersant in foods; flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §131.111, 131.112, 131.138, 133, 145.131, 145.145, 146.187, 150.141, 150.161, 155.130, 161.190, 166.40, 166.110, 169.115, 169.140, 169.150, 172.755, 173.160, 173.165, 173.280, GRAS; Canada DSL; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; BATF 27CFR §240.1051, limitation 5.8 lb/1000 gal; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved injectables, buccals, inhalants, nasals, ophthalmics, topicals, orals, otics; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com; AMC Chems. AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemcolloids Ltd http://www.chemcolloids.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; CoKEM Assoc. DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com; EMD Chems. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.emdchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/ HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com Ikeda http://www.ikedabussan.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Lucid Colloids http://www.lucidgroup.com/; M.W. Int'l. Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phelps Dodge Refining http://www.pdec.com/; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.a sp Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/ Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/; Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com; Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/ U.S. Petrochem. Ind. http://www.uspetrochemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Anhydrous Citric Acid; Citric Acid FCC Fine Granular; Citric Acid FCC Granular; Citric Acid FCC Powder; Citric Acid, USP FCC Anhydrous Granular Citric Acid Anhyd.FG; Citric Acid Anhyd.GR; Citrocoat®; Citrostabil® S; Liquinat® Trade Names Containing: Alomine 223; Alphadim® 90VCK; Antrancine® 19; Antrancine® 20 CH-P; Antrancine® 220 Atlas® 5520; Avox™ 2; Avox™ 6; Avox™ 7; Avox™ 20 Avox™ 20A; Avox™ 20B; Avox™ 21; Avox™ 22; Avox™ 25 Avox™ 26; Avox™ 27; Avox™ A; Avox™ R; Avox™ S-1 Avox™ S-2; BFP 64K; BFP 75K; Dimodan® O Kosher; Dimodan® S Durem™ 114; Durem™ 117; Durem™ 204; Durem™ 207; Durem™ 207-E Durlac® 100W; Dur-Lo®; EC-25®; Essiccum® Essiccum® K; Oxynex® 2004; Oxynex® AP; Oxynex® K; Oxynex® L Oxynex® LM; Promodan USV Kosher; Provon® A-190; Purac® CL 21 HiPure; Purac® CL 21/80 Snow Fresh®; Solec™ M; Solec™ W; Sporban Regular; Starplex® 90

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8; Tang; Tenox® 2; Tenox® 6 Tenox® 7; Tenox® 20; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 20B; Tenox® 21 Tenox® 22; Tenox® 25; Tenox® 26; Tenox® A; Tenox® CA-30 Tenox® CA-50; Tenox® R; Tenox® S-1; Tenox® S-2; Vitamin B12 0.1% SD Citric acid, ammonium iron (3+) salt. See Iron ammonium citrate Citric acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium citrate Citric acid calcium salt. See Calcium citrate Citric acid, diammonium salt. See Ammonium citrate dibasic Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 68990-05-6; 91744-38-6 INS472c; E472c Synonyms: Citrem; Citroglycerides; Fatty acid mono- and diglycerides, citric acid esters; Mono- and diglycerides citrates; Mono- and diglycerides, citric acid esters Definition: Mixt. of esters of citric acid and edible fatty acids with glycerol Properties: Wh. to ivory oily to waxy material; sol. in edible oils and fats; disp. in hot water; insol. in cold water; HLB 10.0-12.0 Uses: Surfactant; emulsifier, stabilizer in mayonnaise, salad dressings, sauces; emulsifier, antispattering agent in margarine; fat replacement in high-fat foods; synergist and solubilizer for antioxidants; sequestrant in foods; flour improver for baked goods; protein-binder in sausages; stabilizer for fats, baking fat emulsions, margarine, shortening Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.832; Europe listed; UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Trade Names: Axol® C 62; Cegemett® MZ 490; Grindsted™ CITREM; Imwitor® 361; Imwitor® 372 P Imwitor® 372; Imwitor® 373; Lamegin® ZE Range; Servit® Range Trade Names Containing: Imwitor® 380 Citric acid hydrous. See Citric acid monohydrate Citric acid, isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl citrate Citric acid, magnesium salt. See Magnesium 1071

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference citrate Citric acid monohydrate CAS 5949-29-1; EINECS/ELINCS 201-069-1 FEMA 2306 Synonyms: Citric acid hydrous; Hydrous citric acid; 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid monohydrate Empirical: C6H8O7 • H2O Properties: Wh. or colorless cryst. or powd., odorless; sol. in water, alcohol (1:1.5); sl. sol. in ether; m.w. 210.14; efflorescent in dry air Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 375 mg/kg; irritant; may cause dental erosion or local irritation if ingested frequently or in large amts. Precaution: Airtight storage HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Acidulant in beverages, preserves, candies, desserts, dairy prods.; antioxidant and chelating agent in meat, seafood, fat and oils for flavor and color stability; synergist for antioxidants Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for ophthalmics, orals, topicals; USP, BP, EP, German Pharmacopoeia, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Cerestar http://www.cargill.com/ Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Jungbunzlauer Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Citric acid monopotassium salt. See Potassium dihydrogen citrate Citric acid monosodium salt. See Sodium citrate Citric acid, octadecyl ester. See Stearyl citrate Citric acid sodium salt. See Sodium citrate Citric acid, tributyl ester, acetate. See Acetyl tributyl citrate Citric acid, trioctadecyl ester. See Tristearyl citrate Citric acid, tripotassium salt. See Potassium citrate Citric acid trisodium salt. See Trisodium citrate Citric acid, zinc salt; Citric acid, zinc salt (2:3). See Zinc citrate Citridic acid. See Aconitic acid Citroglycerides. See Citric acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids (±)-Citronallal. See Citronellal Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) oil CAS 8000-29-1 1072

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FEMA 2308 Synonyms: Citronella oil; Citronella oil, Ceylon; Citronella oil, Java; Cymbopogon nardus; Cymbopogon nardus oil Definition: Essential oil from citronella grass, Cymbopogon nardus, contg. citronellal, geraniol, citronellol Properties: Lt. ylsh. to brn. oil; pungent citrus-like odor; sol. in 80% alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.887-0.906; vapor pressure 1 mm Hg; flash pt. 170 F; ref. index 1.468-1.483 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7200 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 713 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4700 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing., skin contact; primary irritant; skin and severe eye irritant; may cause allergic reactions such as stuffy nose, hay fever, asthma, skin rash; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §182.20, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; not permitted on food crops; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/ Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Citronellal CAS 106-23-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-376-6 FEMA 2307 Synonyms: (±)-Citronallal; 3,7-Dimethyl-6octenal; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-al; Rhodinal Classification: Organic compd.; acrylic terpene aldehyde Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., strong lemon-citronella-rose odor; sol. in alcohol, most oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin, water; m.w. 154.25; dens. 0.8500.860; b.p. 83-85 C (11 mm); flash pt. 170 F; ref. index 1.446-1.456; tenacity 8 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: Do not discharge lakes, streams, ponds, public waters Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Fresh, green, citrus-like fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Japan approved as flavoring (ENCS no. 2-514); Japan MITI; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd 1073

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; GuiZhou Essence http://www.eschemical.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Trade Names: Citronellal 80 Citronellal hydrate; Citronellal, hydroxy-. See Hydroxycitronellal Citronella oil; Citronella oil, Ceylon; Citronella oil, Java. See Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) oil Citronellol (INCI). See β-Citronellol α-Citronellol. See (-)-Rhodinol β-Citronellol CAS 106-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-375-0 FEMA 2309 Synonyms: Cephrol; Citronellol (INCI); dCitronellol; dl-Citronellol; (±)-β-Citronellol; 2,6-Dimethyl-2-octen-8-ol; 3,7-Dimethyl-6octen-1-ol; 3,7-Dimethyl-oct-6-en-1-ol; 6Octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-; Rhodinol; Rodinol Classification: Nonaromatic alcohol Empirical: C10H20O Formula: (CH3)2C:CHCH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2OH Properties: Colorless oily liq., rose odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin @ 225 C; m.w. 156.30; dens. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

0.850-0.860; b.p. 222 C; flash pt. 215 F; ref. index 1.454-1.462; tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3450 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 880 mg/kg, (IM, mouse) 4 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2650 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, mouse) 100 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, intramuscular routes; primary irritant; severe skin irritant; may cause spastic paralysis; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Fresh floral, rose-like fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 2-258); Japan MITI; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances http://www.iff.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Jiande City Xinhua http://www.xhchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lothar Streeck http://www.lothar-streeck.de Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com 1074

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names: Citronellol 96 FCC; Citronellol AJ FCC d-Citronellol; dl-Citronellol. See β-Citronellol l-Citronellol. See (-)-Rhodinol; Rhodinol (±)-β-Citronellol. See β-Citronellol Citronellol, hydroxy-. See Hydroxycitronellol Citronelloxyacetaldehyde CAS 7492-67-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-324-2 FEMA 2310 Synonyms: Acetaldehyde, ((3,7-dimethyl-6octenyl) oxy)-; ((3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenyl) oxy) acetaldehyde; 6,10-Dimethyl-3-oxa-9undecenal; 6,10-Dimethyl-3-oxa-9undecenal Empirical: C12H22O2 Formula: (CH3)2C=CHCH2CH2CHCH3CH2CH2OCH2CHO Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; strong rose, aldehydic, ozone-like odor; m.w. 198.28; sp.gr. 0.921-1.020; b.p. 130 C (12 mm); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.450-1.490 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Use Level: Up to 10% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances http://www.iff.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com Citronellyl acetate CAS 150-84-5; 67650-82-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-775-0 FEMA 2311 Synonyms: Acetic acid, citronellyl ester; Acetic acid-3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl ester; 2,6-Dimethyl-2-octen-8-ol acetate; 3,7Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol acetate; 3,7-Dimethyl6-octen-1-yl acetate; 6-Octen-1-ol, 3,7dimethyl-, acetate Classification: floral ester Definition: Ester of citronellol and acetic acid; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

found in oils of Citronella Ceylon, geranium, etc. Empirical: C12H22O2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity rose-like odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, water @ 229 C; m.w. 198.34; dens. 0.883-0.893; b.p. 240 C; flash pt. > 212 F; ref. index 1.440-1.450 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6800 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; China listed; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Anthea Aromatics http://www.anthea-aromatics.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1075

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference α-Citronellyl acetate. See Rhodinyl acetate Citronellyl acetone. See Tetrahydro-pseudoionone Citronellyl butyrate CAS 141-16-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-463-4 FEMA 2312 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-6octenyl ester; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl butyrate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C14H26O2 Properties: Colorless liq., rose-like odor, sweet plum-like taste; misc. with alcohol, ether, chloroform, most oils; insol. in water @ 245 C; m.w. 226.36; dens. 0.880-0.886; vapor dens. 7.7; b.p. 134-135 C (12 mm); flash pt. (CC) 110 C; ref. index 1.444-1.448; tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8400 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary irritant; may be irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf.-water Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, fruit flavors, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Sweet, fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. USA http://www.takasago.com/; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Citronellyl formate CAS 105-85-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-338-9 FEMA 2314 Synonyms: l-Citronellyl formate; Citronellyl methanoate; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol formate; 2,6-Dimethyl-2-octen-8-yl formate; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl formate; Formic acid, citronellyl ester; Formic acid-3,7dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl ester Classification: Floral ester; acylic terpene ester Empirical: C11H20O2 Formula: C10H19OOCH Properties: Colorless oily liq., fruity rose-like odor, sweet fruity taste; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 184.28; dens. 0.897; b.p. 235 C; flash pt. 198 F; ref. index 1.4430-1.4490; tenacity 6 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8400 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Use Level: < 10% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Japan approved as flavoring (ENCS no. 2-762); Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Organica 1076

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com l-Citronellyl formate. See Citronellyl formate Citronellyl isobutyrate CAS 97-89-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202-616-7 FEMA 2313 Synonyms: Citronellyl 2-methylpropionate; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl isobutyrate; 3,7Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl 2-methylpropanoate; 3,7-Dimethyloct-6-enyl 2-methylpropanoate Classification: Floral ester Definition: Obtained by direct esterification of citronellol with isobutyric acid via azeotropic conditions or using isobutyric anhydride Empirical: C14H26O2 Properties: Colorless liq., sweet fruity rose-like odor, apricot-like taste; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether, most oils; insol. in water; m.w. 226.36; dens. 0.8760-0.8830; vapor dens. 7.7; b.p. 249 C; flash pt. 100 C; ref. index 1.4400-1.4480 Toxicology: Skin, eye irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: keep run-off water out of sewers, water sources Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Use Level: < 5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 2-762); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Citronellyl isovalerate CAS 68922-10-1; EINECS/ELINCS 272-982-0 Synonyms: Dihydrogeranyl isovalerate; 3,7Dimethyloct-6-enyl 3-methylbutanoate Empirical: C15H28O2 Formula: (CH3)2C=CHCH2CH2CHCH3CHCH2OCOCH2C H(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq.; heavy floral odor; sol. in ethanol; m.w. 240.38; sp.gr. 0.88-0.89; dens. 7.322-7.406 lb/gal; b.p. 237 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.4435 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Citronellyl methanoate. See Citronellyl formate Citronellyl 2-methylpropionate. See Citronellyl isobutyrate Citronellyl phenylacetate CAS 139-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-373-5 FEMA 2315 Synonyms: Acetic acid, phenyl-, 3,7-dimethyl6-octenyl ester; Benzeneacetic acid, 3,7dimethyl-6-octenyl ester; l-Citronellyl Phenylacetate; Citronellyl α-toluate; 3,7Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl phenylacetate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C18H26O2 Properties: Color liq.; honey rose-like odor; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol, oils; m.w. 274.41; dens. 0.992 (15.5 C); b.p. 342 C; ref. index 1.5100; tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods 1077

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Use Level: < 5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (3-1754); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com l-Citronellyl Phenylacetate. See Citronellyl phenylacetate Citronellyl propionate CAS 141-14-0; EINECS/ELINCS 205-461-3 FEMA 2316 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenyl propanoate; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl propionate Classification: Floral ester; acrylic terpene ester Definition: Obtained by direct esterification of citronellol with propionic acid under azeotropic conditions or using propionic anhydride Empirical: C13H24O2 Properties: Colorless liq., rose-like odor, bittersweet plum-like taste; misc. with alcohol, most oils; insol. in water; m.w. 212.33; dens. 0.8810-0.8840; b.p. 242 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.4430-1.4490; tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Use Level: < 5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com See also Rhodinyl propionate Citronellyl α-toluate. See Citronellyl phenylacetate Citronellyl valerate CAS 7540-53-6 FEMA 2317 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl valerate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C15H28O2 Properties: Liq., rose herb honey-like odor; m.w. 240.39; dens. 0.890; b.p. 237 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4435 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Citrucel. See Methylcellulose Citrus amara. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) extract; Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract; Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) oil Citrus aurantifolia; Citrus aurantifolia oil. See Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil Citrus aurantifolia oil terpeneless. See Lime oil terpeneless Citrus aurantium. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) extract; Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract; Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) oil; Petitgrain oil Citrus aurantium amara. See Bitter orange 1078

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference (Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract; Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) oil Citrus aurantium amara peel extract. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract Citrus aurantium dulcis. See Orange (Ctrus aurantium dulcis) flower extract; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower oil; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) peel extract Citrus aurantium dulcis extract; Citrus aurantium dulcis flower extract. See Orange (Ctrus aurantium dulcis) flower extract Citrus aurantium dulcis flower oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower oil Citrus aurantium dulcis fruit extract. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) extract Citrus aurantium dulcis oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower oil Citrus aurantium dulcis peel extract. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) peel extract Citrus aurantium fruit extract. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) extract Citrus aurantium oil. See Petitgrain oil Citrus aurantium peel extract. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract Citrus decumana extract. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) extract Citrus dulcis. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower water; Orange (Ctrus aurantium dulcis) flower extract; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) extract; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) peel extract Citrus extract CAS 977038-62-2; 94266-47-4; EINECS/ELINCS 304-454-3 FEMA 2318 Synonyms: Citrus peels extract Definition: Extract derived from Citrus spp. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com Citrus grandis; Citrus grandis extract. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) extract Citrus grandis juice. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) juice Citrus grandis oil. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil Citrus grandis seed extract. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) seed extract Citrus limon. See Lemon oil, distilled; Lemon Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

oil terpeneless; Petitgrain, lemon oil Citrus limon extract. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) extract Citrus limon juice extract. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice extract Citrus limon oil. See Petitgrain, lemon oil; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil Citrus limon oil, distilled. See Lemon oil, distilled Citrus limon oil terpeneless. See Lemon oil terpeneless Citrus limonum. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice powder; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice extract; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) peel extract; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) extract; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice Citrus medica limonum. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice powder; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) peel extract; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) extract; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil Citrus medica limonum extract. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) extract Citrus medica limonum juice. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice Citrus medica limonum juice extract. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice extract Citrus medica limonum juice powder. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice powder Citrus medica limonum oil. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil Citrus medica limonum peel extract. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) peel extract Citrus nobilis; Citrus nobilis oil. See Mandarin orange oil Citrus oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil Citrus paradisi; Citrus paradisi extract. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) extract Citrus paradisi peel oil. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil Citrus paradisi seed extract. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) seed extract Citrus pectin. See Pectin Citrus peels extract. See Citrus extract Citrus red 2. See Orchil Citrus red no. 2 CAS 6358-53-8 INS121 Synonyms: CI 12156; Orcein; Solvent red 80 1079

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: Monoazo color Empirical: C18H16N2O3 Properties: Mod. sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 308.36; m.p. 156 C Toxicology: LD50 (unreported, mouse) > 4 g/kg; experimental carcinogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Colorant in oranges Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.302 (limitation 2 ppm); permanently listed; not permitted for food (EU) Manuf./Distrib.: Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com Citrus reticulata. See Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) oil; Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) extract; Mandarin orange oil Citrus reticulata extract. See Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) extract Citrus reticulata oil. See Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) oil; Mandarin orange oil Citrus sinensis. See Orange oil, distilled; Orange oil terpeneless Citrus sinensis extract. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) extract Citrus sinensis oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil Citrus sinensis oil, distilled. See Orange oil, distilled Citrus sinensis oil terpeneless. See Orange oil terpeneless Citrus sinensis peel oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil Citrus vulgaris; Citrus vulgaris oil. See Petitgrain oil Citrus water extract Trade Names Containing: Adocloud N-100 Civet CAS 68916-26-7; EINECS/ELINCS 272-826-1 FEMA 2319 Synonyms: Civet absolute; Zibet; Zibeth; Zibetum Definition: Derived from civet cats, Viverra civetta and V. zibetha Properties: Amber to dk. amber semi-solid to solid; sol. in isopropyl myristate; insol. in water; flash pt. (TCC) > 200 F Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.50, GRAS; FEMA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Payan & Bertrand http://www.payanbertrand.com/; Phoenix Aromas http://www.phoenixaromas.com Civet absolute. See Civet Clarified honey. See Honey Clary. See Clary (Salvia sclarea) Clary oil. See Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil Clary sage. See Clary (Salvia sclarea) Clary sage oil. See Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil Clary (Salvia sclarea) CAS 977051-94-7 FEMA 2320 Synonyms: Clary; Clary sage; Sage, clary; Salvia sclarea Definition: Salvia sclarea Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil CAS 8016-63-5; 8022-56-8; EINECS/ELINCS 283-911-8 FEMA 2321 Synonyms: Clary oil; Clary sage oil; Muscatel oil; Muscatel sage oil; Sage oil clary; Salvia sclarea Definition: Oil from steam distillation of flowering tops and leaves of Salvia sclarea Properties: Pale yel. liq., herbaceous odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; dens. ≈ 0.90 kg/l; vapor dens. > air; flash pt. > 174 F; ref. index 1.451.48 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5600 mg/kg; low toxicity by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 24 mos. when stored in dk., fresh, dry place Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages, condiments Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; F.D. 1080

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com C11 LAS. See N-Undecylbenzenesulfonic acid C18 linear alcohol. See Stearyl alcohol C6 linear alpha olefin. See 1-Hexene C12 linear primary alcohol. See Lauryl alcohol C16 linear primary alcohol. See Cetyl alcohol Cloro. See Chlorine Clove CAS 977007-79-6 FEMA 2327 Synonyms: Cloves Definition: Eugenia spp. Properties: Spicy, clove-like aroma; warm flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, spiced cherries, meats, Worcestershire sauce, five spice powder, curry powders, garam masala Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 184.1257, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com Clove bud extract. See Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract Clove bud oil. See Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil Clove bud oleoresin. See Oleoresin clove bud Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract CAS 84961-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 284-638-7 FEMA 2322 Synonyms: Clove bud extract; Clove extract; Eugenia caryophyllus; Eugenia caryophyllus extract Definition: Extract derived from dried flower buds of the clove, Eugenia caryophyllus; the main constituents are eugenol, caryophyllene, eugenyl acetate and small quantities of furfural and traces of vanillin and methyl aryl ketone Properties: Clear, pale yel. to yel. liq.; spicy odor; sp. gr. 1.045-1.057; ref. index 1.513Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1.533 Uses: Natural flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods; antioxidant in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1257, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil CAS 8015-97-2 FEMA 2325 Synonyms: Clove leaf oil; Clove leaf oil Madagascar; Eugenia caryophyllus; Eugenia caryophyllus leaf oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained by steam distillation of leaves of Eugenia caryophyllus, contg. mostly eugenol Properties: Pale yel. liq.; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin, min. oil; sp. gr. 1.036-1.046; flash pt. (TCC) > 200 F; ref. index 1.527-1.538 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1370 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; severe skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, apple butter, pickles, condiments, meats Features: Sweet, spicey clove odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1257, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Adept Sol'ns.; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland 1081

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil CAS 8000-34-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-185-5 FEMA 2323 Synonyms: Caryophyllus oil; Clove bud oil; Eugenia caryophyllus; Eugenia caryophyllus oil Definition: Volatile oil distilled from the dried flower buds of Eugenia caryophyllus, contg. 82-87% eugenol, 10% acetyleugenol, caryophyllene, etc. Properties: Colorless to pale yel. volatile liq.; char. odor and taste of clove; becomes darker and thicker with age; very sol. in strong alcohol, ether, glac. acetic acid; insol. in water; dens. 1.036-1.060; b.p. 250 C; ref. index 1.527-1.538 (20 C) Toxicology: Strongly irritating to skin; causes allergic skin rashes; may cause hypersensitivity; Bud: LD50 (oral, rat) 2650 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; mutagenic data; Stem: LD50 (oral, rat) 2020 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, meats, condiments, spiced fruits, jellies, confectionery Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1257, GRAS; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Council of Europe listed; FDA approved for buccals, orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Clove extract. See Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract Clove leaf oil; Clove leaf oil Madagascar. See Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil Clover CAS 977002-83-7 Synonyms: Clover tops; Trifolium Definition: Derived from Trifolium spp. Properties: Intense unpleasant odor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Clover blossom extract; Clover extract. See Clover (Trifolium pratense) extract Clover tops. See Clover Clover tops extract; Clover tops, red, extract solid. See Clover (Trifolium pratense) extract

1082

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Clover (Trifolium pratense) extract CAS 85085-25-2; EINECS/ELINCS 285-356-7 FEMA 2326 Synonyms: Clover blossom extract; Clover extract; Clover tops extract; Clover tops, red, extract solid; Trifolium extract; Trifolium pratense; Trifolium pratense extract Definition: Extract of the flowers of Trifolium pratense Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Cloves. See Clove Cluytyl. See Octacosanol CMC; CMC sodium salt. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CMMC. See Carboxymethylmethylcellulose CMME. See Chloromethyl methyl ether Coal naphtha. See Benzene Coal, sulfonated. See Anthracite coal, sulfonated Coal tar naphtha; Coal tar naphtha distillate. See Naphtha Cobalt CAS 7440-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-158-0 Synonyms: CI 77320; Super cobalt Classification: Metallic element Empirical: Co Properties: Steel gray, shiny, hard, somewhat malleable metal; powd., cryst.; sol. in nitric acid; a.w. 58.93; dens. 8.9; m.p. 1493 C; b.p. 3100 C; ferromagnetic Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.02 mg(Co)/m3 (metal, dust, fume); LD50 (oral, rat) 6171 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rat) 100 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 100 mg/kg; poison by IV, IP routes; mod. toxic by ing.; ing. may cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; inh. of powd. may cause pulmonary damage; powd. can cause dermatitis; TSCA listed Precaution: Dust is flamm.; attacked by dil. hydrochloric and sulfuric acids; corrodes readily in air; explosive reaction with ammonium nitrate + heat; ignites on contact with bromine pentafluoride; incandescent reaction with acetylene, nitryl fluoride Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Processing aid in foods Features: Natural Regulatory: Japan approved; not permitted in certain foods; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Cerac http://www.cerac.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Powmet; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Cobalt acetate; Cobalt (II) acetate; Cobalt (2+) acetate. See Cobalt diacetate Cobalt caprylate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Drier migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 181.25 Cobalt chloride (INCI); Cobalt (II) chloride. See Cobalt chloride (ous) Cobalt chloride (ous) CAS 7646-79-9 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 231589-4 Synonyms: Cobalt chloride (INCI); Cobalt (II) chloride; Cobalt dichloride; Cobalt muriate; Cobaltous chloride; Cobaltous chloride anhydrous; Cobaltous dichloride Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: Cl2Co Formula: CoCl2 Properties: Blue powd. or cryst.; turns pink on exposure to moist air; sol. in water, alcohols, acetone, ether, glycerol, pyridine, polar org. solvs.; m.w. 129.83; dens. 3.367 (25/4 C); m.p. 724 C; b.p. 1049 C; dec. 400 C on long heating in air; sublimes @ 500 C in HCl gas Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 80 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 20 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 49 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., mouse) 100 mg/kg; poison by ing., skin contact, IP, IV, subcut. routes; mod. toxic to humans by ing.; may cause death in children; human systemic effects by ing. (anorexia, goiter, wt. loss); experimental 1083

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference carcinogen, teratogen, reproductive effects; tumorigen; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with metals (e.g., sodium, potassium) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages (prohibited) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §189.120; prohibited from direct addition or use in human food; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Celtic Chems. Ltd http://www.celticchemicals.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Hall Chem. http://www.hallchem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Cobalt diacetate CAS 71-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-755-8 Synonyms: Acetic acid, cobalt (2+) salt; Cobalt acetate; Cobalt (II) acetate; Cobalt (2+) acetate; Cobaltous acetate; Cobaltous diacetate Definition: Avail. commercially as the tetrahydrate Empirical: C4H6O4 • Co Formula: [CH3COO]2Co Properties: Lt. pink to red cryst.; sol. in water, acids, ethanol; m.w. 177.03; dens. 1.71 kg/l; loses water above 140 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 503 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 31 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; mutagenic data; questionable carcinogen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Deliq. Uses: Foam stabilizer for malt beverages Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alemark http://www.amsyn.com; Barker Ind. http://www.barkerind.com; Hall Chem. http://www.hallchem.com; McGean-Rohco Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.mcgean.com/; OM Group http://www.omgi.com Satyam Pharma-Chem http://www.satyam.co.in/; Shepherd http://www.shepchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Westdry Ind. Cobalt dichloride. See Cobalt chloride (ous) Cobalt gluconate CAS 71957-08-9; EINECS/ELINCS 276-206-1 Synonyms: Gluconic acid, cobalt salt Definition: Cobalt salt of gluconic acid Empirical: C12H22CoO14 Properties: Powd.; sol. in cold water; m.w. 449.3 Toxicology: Irritant by skin contact, ing., or inh. Precaution: Keep away from heat and sources of ignition; ground all equipment containing this material; do not breathe in dust; wear dust respirator, protective gloves, and lab coat HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, well-ventilated area Uses: Mineral source in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Shan Par Ind. http://www.shanpar.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Cobalt muriate. See Cobalt chloride (ous) Cobaltous acetate. See Cobalt diacetate Cobaltous chloride; Cobaltous chloride anhydrous. See Cobalt chloride (ous) Cobaltous diacetate. See Cobalt diacetate Cobaltous dichloride. See Cobalt chloride (ous) Cobaltous sulfate; Cobalt sulfate; Cobalt sulfate (1:1); Cobalt (II) sulfate; Cobalt (II) sulfate (1:1). See Cobalt sulfate (ous) Cobalt sulfate (ous) CAS 10124-43-3 (anhyd.); 10026-24-1 (hydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 233-334-2 Synonyms: Cobaltous sulfate; Cobalt sulfate; Cobalt sulfate (1:1); Cobalt (II) sulfate; Cobalt (II) sulfate (1:1); Sulfuric acid, cobalt (2+) salt (1:1) Definition: Obtained by action of sulfuric acid on cobaltous oxide; hexahydrate occurs in nature as the min. bieberite; commercial prod. is the 1084

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference hexahydrate or the monohydrate Empirical: O4S • Co Formula: CoSO4 Properties: Anhyd.: Red to lavender dimorphic, orthorhombic cryst.; dissolves slowly in boiling water; m.w. 154.99; dens. 3.71 (25/4 C); stable to 708 C; Monohydrate: Rose cryst.; dissolves slowly in boiling water; dens. 3.08 (25/4 C); Hexahydrate: Lt. red. cryst. solid; sol. 330 g/l in water; dens. 2.01 kg/l; Heptahydrate: Pink to red cryst.; sol. in water; sl. sol. in methanol, ethanol; dens. 2.03 (25/4 C) Toxicology: TLV/TWA 0.05 mg(Co)/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 424 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 143 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, dog) 20 mg/kg; poison by IV, IP routes; mod. toxic by ing.; questionable carcinogen Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Catalyst in boiler water additive (food contact); foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages (prohibited); micronutrient in animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310 (catalyst in boiler water), 189.120 (prohibited from direct addition or use in human food); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Barker Ind. http://www.barkerind.com; Brandeis http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hall Chem. http://www.hallchem.com; Johnson Matthey plc http://www.matthey.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; McGean-Rohco http://www.mcgean.com/ Noah http://www.noahtech.com; OM Group http://www.omgi.com; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; San Yuan; Shepherd http://www.shepchem.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Cocamide DEA CAS 8051-30-7; 61791-31-9; 68603-42-9; EINECS/ELINCS 263-163-9; 271-657-0 Synonyms: Amides, coco, N,N-bis (2hydroxyethyl)-; N,N-Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) coco amides; N,N-Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) coco fatty acid amide; Coco DEA; Coconut acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

diethanolamide; Coconut acid polydiethanolamide (2:1 type); Coconut acid superamide (1:1 type); Coconut diethanolamide; Cocoyl diethanolamide; Diethanolamine coconut fatty acid condensate Definition: Ethanolamides of coconut acid Formula: RCO–N(CH2CH2OH)2, RCO– represents the coconut acid radical Properties: Amber liq. Toxicology: May produce contact sensitivity; TSCA listed Uses: Delinting of cottonseed for prod. of cottonseed oil; byprods. for use in animal feed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 173.322 (0.2% max.), 175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2800; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com; Custom Ingreds. http://www.custoblend.com; JLK Ind. http://www.solae.com; McIntyre http://www.mcintyregroup.com; Mitsui & Co. USA http://www.mitsui.com Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com; Venus Ethoxyethers http://www.venusgoa.com Trade Names: DeMIDE RCN-ME-100 Coccine; Coccin red. See Acid red 18 Cochin. See Lemongrass oil East Indian Cochineal; Cochineal Red A. See Acid red 18 Cocoa butter. See Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) butter Cocoa extract. See Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) extract Cocoalkonium chloride CAS 61789-71-7; EINECS/ELINCS 263-080-8 Synonyms: Cocoalkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; Cocobenzyldimethylammonium chloride; Coco dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; Coco dimonium chloride; Dimethyl cocobenzyl ammonium chloride; Quaternary ammonium compds., benzylcoco alkyldimethyl, chlorides Classification: Quaternary ammonium salt Formula: RN+(CH3)2CH2C6H5Cl–, R rep. mainly C12 + C14 alkyl straight chain Properties: Liq.; cationic 1085

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Germicide in foods, fermentation Manuf./Distrib.: Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Nissan Cation F2-40E; Nissan Cation F2-50; Nissan Cation F2-50E Cocoalkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Cocoalkonium chloride Cocoamino betaine. See Coco-betaine Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) butter CAS 8002-31-1; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Synonyms: Cacao butter; Cacao resinoin; Cocoa butter; Theobroma cacao; Theobroma cacao butter; Theobroma oil Definition: Ylsh. wh. solid obtained from roasted seeds of Theobroma cacao; contains chiefly glycerides of stearic, palmitic, oleic, arachidic, and linoleic acids Properties: Ylsh.-wh. solid, chocolate-like odor and taste; very sol. in ether, chloroform, benzene, petrol. ether; sol. in boiling abs. alcohol; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.858-0.864 (100/25 C); m.p. 30-35 C; iodine no. 33-42; sapon. no. 188-195; ref. index 1.4537-1.4585 (40 C) Toxicology: May cause allergic skin reactions Precaution: Combustible HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Preserve in well-closed containers Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; chewing gum base; mfg. of chocolate Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FDA approved for orals, rectals, topicals; NF, BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Kaufholz & Co.; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com; Natra US http://www.natraus.com; Paulaur Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.paulaur.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) extract CAS 84649-99-0; EINECS/ELINCS 283-480-6 Synonyms: Cacao extract; Cocoa extract; Theobroma cacao; Theobroma cacao extract Definition: Extract of Theobroma cacao Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Gallaher Group http://www.gallahergroup.com; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldinnatural.com/ Cocobenzyldimethylammonium chloride. See Cocoalkonium chloride Coco-betaine CAS 68424-94-2; 85409-25-2; EINECS/ELINCS 270-329-4 Synonyms: Alkyl dimethyl betaine; Betaines, coco alkyldimethyl; Cocoamino betaine; Cocodimethylamino betaine; Coco dimethyl betaine; Coco dimethyl glycine; Coconut betaine; Dimethylcocoamino betaine; Quaternary ammonium compds., carboxymethyl (coco alkyl) dimethyl hydroxides, inner salts Classification: Zwitterion (inner salt) 1086

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Formula: RN+(CH3)2CH2COO–, where R = alkyl groups derived from coconut oil Properties: Amphoteric Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Germicide in foods; extractant for fermentation Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Colonial Chem. http://www.colonialchem.com; DeWolf Chem. http://www.dewolfchem.com Coco DEA. See Cocamide DEA Cocodimethylamino betaine. See Coco-betaine Coco dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Cocoalkonium chloride Coco dimethyl betaine; Coco dimethyl glycine. See Coco-betaine Coco dimonium chloride. See Cocoalkonium chloride Coco fatty acid. See Coconut acid Cocoglycerides CAS 92045-31-3; 85536-06-7; EINECS/ELINCS 295-412-2 Synonyms: Glycerides, coco; Glycerides, coconut, mono-, di-, and triDefinition: Mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides derived from coconut oil Uses: Fat for ice cream, chocolate, and confectionery prods. Coconut acid CAS 8037-14-7; 61788-47-4; 67701-05-7; 6893785-9; EINECS/ELINCS 262-978-7 Synonyms: Coco fatty acid; Coconut fatty acid; Coconut fatty acids; Coconut oil acids; Coconut oil fatty acids; Fatty acids, coco Definition: Mixtures of fatty acids Empirical: C12H24O2 Formula: RCOOH, R = coco Properties: Pale yel. solid; insol. in water; m.w. 200.32; m.p. 23-27 C; acid no. 260-270; sapon. no. 262-272 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Food ingred. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3910; approved for topicals Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alnor Oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.alnoroil.com Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brenntag Specialties; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Magna-Kron http://www.magnakron.com; NOF Am.; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Nottingham http://www.ppiinc.com Paulaur http://www.paulaur.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Glycon® CLK KFG Coconut acid diethanolamide. See Cocamide DEA Coconut acid methyl ester. See Methyl cocoate Coconut acid polydiethanolamide (2:1 type); Coconut acid superamide (1:1 type). See Cocamide DEA Coconut aldehyde. See γ-Nonalactone Coconut betaine. See Coco-betaine Coconut butter. See Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil CAS 8001-31-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-282-8 UN 1363 (DOT) Synonyms: Coconut butter; Coconut oil; Coconut palm oil; Cocos nucifera; Copra oil Classification: Saturated fat Definition: Fixed oil obtained from kernels of seeds of Cocos nucifera Properties: Wh. fatty solid or liq., sweet nutty taste; sol. in oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; very sol. in chloroform, ether, CS2; pract. insol. in water; dens. 0.903 (0/4 C); m.p. 21-27 C; acid no. < 6; iodine no. 8-9.5; sapon. no. 255-258; ref. index 1.4485-1.4495; flash pt. (CC) 550 F; surf. tens. 33.4 dynes/cm Toxicology: May cause allergic skin reaction; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. solid when exposed to heat or flame; may spontaneously heat and 1087

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ignite if stored wet and hot Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2 from combustion HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Edible fat, coating agent, emulsifier, release agent, formulation aid, texturizer in foods, baked goods, candy, desserts, shortening, margarine; migrating to foods from cotton in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800, 182.70; GRAS; FDA approved for orals, topicals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Amber Syn. http://www.amsyn.com Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Chemron http://www.chemron.com; Croda Singapore http://www.croda.com.sg; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; L.V. Lomas http://www.lvlomas.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Naturals http://www.spectrumnaturals.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Thornley Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welchholme-clark.com Trade Names: Pureco® 76 Trade Names Containing: Bake-Well 52; Dry Vitamin D3 Type 100 SD; ProKote™ C; Solec™ M; Solec™ W Coconut diethanolamide. See Cocamide DEA Coconut fatty acid; Coconut fatty acids. See Coconut acid Coconut oil. See Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil Coconut oil acids; Coconut oil fatty acids. See Coconut acid Coconut oil, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated coconut oil Coconut oil triglycerides Uses: Soft fat and filling for prod. of cooling fillings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210 Coconut palm oil; Cocos nucifera. See Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil Cocoyl diethanolamide. See Cocamide DEA Cod liver oil CAS 8001-69-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-289-6 Synonyms: Gadidae oil; Gadi lecur; Gadus morrhua; Gadus morrhua liver oil; Morrhua oil Definition: Fixed oil expressed from fresh livers of Gadus morrhua and other species of codfish, contg. vitamins A and D, omega 3 fatty acid Properties: Amber thin oily liq., sl. fishy odor and taste; sol. in ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, carbon disulfide, petroleum ether; sl. sol. in alcohol; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.9180.927; iodine no. 145-180; sapon. no. 180-192; ref. index 1.4705-1.4745 Toxicology: No known toxicity Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2 from combustion HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800; GRAS for use in dietary supplements; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan 1088

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.allanchem.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; F.H. Taussig http://fhtaussig.net/; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/ George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Jedwards Int'l. http://www.codliveroil.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Coenzyme R. See d-Biotin Coffea arabica; Coffee bean extract. See Coffee (Coffea arabica) bean extract Coffee (Coffea arabica) bean extract CAS 8001-67-0; 84650-00-0; EINECS/ELINCS 283-481-1 Synonyms: Coffea arabica; Coffee bean extract Definition: Extract of beans of Coffea arabica Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 1 g/kg Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; antioxidant in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Essential7 http://www.essential7.com; Gallaher Group http://www.gallaher-group.com; Gallaher Group http://www.gallaher-group.com; Gallaher Group http://www.gallahergroup.com Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Coffeine. See Caffeine Cognac oil. See Ethyl heptanoate; Cognac oil, green or white Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cognac oil, green or white CAS 8016-21-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-403-4 FEMA 2331 (green), 2332 (white) Synonyms: Cognac oil; 'Ethyl oenanthate'; Wine yeast oil Properties: Yel. liq.; char. cognac aroma with a fruity note; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.87; ref. index 1.4275-1.4295 (20 C) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.50, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Cognac oil, synthetic. See Ethyl heptanoate Cola acuminata; Cola acuminata nut extract. See Kola (Cola acuminata) extract Colalin. See Cholic acid Cola nut extract. See Kola (Cola acuminata) extract Collagen CAS 9007-34-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-697-4 Synonyms: Collagen fiber; Ossein Definition: Fibrous protein derived from connective tissues in animals; a polypeptide contg. three peptide chains; rich in proline and hydroxyproline Properties: Clear to hazy, colorless fibers; m.w. ≈ 130,000 Toxicology: May cause urticaria Storage: Sensitive to humidity; keep under argon Uses: Ingred. in sausage casing Regulatory: BP compliance (collagen suture, sterile reconstituted) Manuf./Distrib.: Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Alfa Chem 1089

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com Bioiberica http://www.bioiberica.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Cognis/Care Chems. Cosmetochem Int'l. http://www.cosmetochem.com/; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lanaetex Prods.; Maybrook; PB Leiner USA http://www.gelatin.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Roche Diagnostics http://www.rocheapplied-science.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; UnitedGuardian http://www.u-g.com/ Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Collagen fiber. See Collagen Collagen hydrolysates. See Hydrolyzed collagen Colloidal activated attapulgite. See Attapulgite Colloidal ferric oxide. See Ferric oxide Colloidal gold. See Gold Colloidal silica; Colloidal silicon dioxide. See Silica, fumed Cologel. See Methylcellulose Colombo. See Calumba (Jatrorrhiza palmata) root Colonial spirit. See Methyl alcohol Colophane; Colophonium; Colophony. See Rosin Columbian spirits. See Methyl alcohol Colza oil. See Canola oil; Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Commiphora. See Myrrh gum Commiphora myrrha. See Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) extract; Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) oil Commiphora myrrha extract; Commiphora myrrha gum extract. See Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) extract Commiphora myrrha oil. See Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) oil Common basil extract. See Basil (Ocimum basilicum) extract Common salt. See Sodium chloride Common speedwell extract. See Veronica officinalis extract Common thyme. See Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Concentrated acetic acid. See Acetic acid, glacial Concrete rose Bulgarian; Concrete rose Morocco; Concrete rose Turkish. See Rose oil Condy's crystals. See Potassium permanganate Confectioner's sugar. See Sucrose Coniferic acid. See Ferulic acid Copaiba. See Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) Copaiba balsam. See Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) oil; Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) Copaiba oil. See Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) oil Copaiba oleoresin. See Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) Copaifera officinalis. See Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) oil Copaifera officinalis balsam. See Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) Copaifera officinalis oil. See Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) oil Copal (INCI). See Copal resin Copal resin CAS 9000-14-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-527-9 Synonyms: Copal (INCI); Cowrie; Gum copal; Kaurie; Resin copal Definition: Resin obtained as a fossil or as an exudate from various species of Leguminosae Properties: Ylsh. to ylsh.-brn. hard or soft solids; odorless; tasteless; hard copals are pract. insol. in usual solvs.; soft copals are partly sol. in alcohol, chloroform, glac. acetic acid; both after fusion are sol. in oil turpentine and linseed oil Uses: Chewing gum base 1090

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Features: Natural Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 175.105, 175.300, 177.1200; Canada DSL; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Alland & Robert http://www.allandetrobert.fr; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Copals, Manila CAS 9000-42-4 Synonyms: Manila copals Definition: Obtained from a natural plant resin Toxicology: May cause an allergic reaction, particularly dermatitis Uses: Diluent in food colorants Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§73.1 Copernica cerefera wax; Copernicia cerifera wax. See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax Copper CAS 7440-50-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-159-6 UN 3089 (DOT) Synonyms: Arwood copper; Bronze powder; CI 77400; Copper-airborne; Copper bronze; Copper-milled; Copper slag-airborne; Copper slag-milled; Gold bronze; Kafar copper; Pigment metal 2; Raney copper Classification: Element Empirical: Cu Properties: Reddish lustrous metal; insol. in water, org. solvs.; sol. in nitric acid (reacts); very slowly sol. with HCl, sulfuric acid; a.w. 63.54; dens. 8.96; vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (1628 C); m.p. 1083 C; b.p. 2595 C; high elec. and thermal conductivity Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.2 mg/m3 (fume), 1 mg(Cu)/m3 (dusts and mists); TDLo (oral, human) 120 µg/kg; poison to humans by ing., inh.; may cause damage to liver, kidneys, spleen, and blood; tumorigen; questionable carcinogen; experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. solid; fine particles may burn in air; reacts violently with ammonium nitrate, bromates, iodates, chlorates, hydrogen peroxide, sodium peroxide, sulfuric acid; liq. copper explodes on contact with water; incandescent reaction with KO2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Dietary supplement in foods; herbicide for potable water; processing aid (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS for use in dietary supplements; Japan restricted; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Am. Chemet; Asarco http://www.asarco.com; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Atotech USA http://www.atotechusa.com; Belmont Metals http://www.belmontmetals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/ Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Riedel-deHaën http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Fluka ___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Riedel. html; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Copper-airborne. See Copper Copperas. See Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Ferrous sulfate anhydrous Copperas red. See Iron oxide red Copper bronze. See Copper Copper digluconate; Copper di-D-gluconate; Copper gluconate (INCI). See Copper gluconate (ic) Copper gluconate (ic) CAS 527-09-3; EINECS/ELINCS 208-408-2 Synonyms: Bis (D-gluconato) copper; Copper digluconate; Copper di-D-gluconate; Copper gluconate (INCI); Cupric gluconate Definition: Copper salt of gluconic acid; avail. as the monohydrate Empirical: C12H22CuO14 Formula: [HOCOO– CHOHCHCHOHCHOHCH2OH]2Cu++ Properties: Lt. blue powd., odorless; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in acetone, ether; m.w. 453.85 Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; mineral source, 1091

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference nutrient, dietary supplement, synergist in foods; feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1260, GRAS; Japan approved (0.6 mg/L as copper in milk); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ACTA Pharmacal; Adept Sol'ns.; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Glucona Am.; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Shan Par Ind. http://www.shanpar.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Vernon Walden; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Gluconal® CU-P Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SK Fortified; Bioblend # 7 Copper (I) iodide. See Copper iodide (ous) Copper iodide (ous) CAS 7681-65-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-674-6 Synonyms: Copper (I) iodide; Cuprous iodide Empirical: CuI Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in ammonia and KI sol'ns.; insol. in water; dens. 5.653; m.p. 606 C; b.p. 1290 C Toxicology: May be harmful if inhaled or absorbed through the skin; harmful if swallowed; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompatible with oxidizing agents, alkali metals Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of I– Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, animal feeds; source of dietary iodine in table salt Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §100.155, 101.155, 177.2470, 178.2010, 184.1265, 582.80, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ajay http://www.ajaysqm.com; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Cooper Chem. http://www.cooperchemical.com/; Deepwater Chems. http://www.deepwaterchemicals.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Shepherd http://www.shepchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wmblythe.co.uk Copper-milled. See Copper Copper monosulfate. See Cupric sulfate anhydrous Copper slag-airborne; Copper slag-milled. See Copper Copper sodium chlorophyllin. See Chlorophyllin-copper complex Copper sulfate; Copper (II) sulfate. See Cupric sulfate anhydrous Copper sulfate (ic). See Cupric sulfate pentahydrate; Cupric sulfate anhydrous Copper sulfate pentahydrate; Copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate. See Cupric sulfate pentahydrate Copra oil. See Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil Cordycepic acid. See D-Mannitol Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil CAS 8008-52-4; 84775-50-8; EINECS/ELINCS 283-880-0 FEMA 2334 Synonyms: Coriander oil; Coriandrum sativum; Coriandrum sativum oil Definition: Volatile oil from steam distillation of ripe fruit of Coriandrum sativum, contg. dlinalool and its acetate Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., char. odor and taste; very sol. in chloroform, ether, glac. acetic acid; sol. in stronger alcohol; pract. insol. in water; dens. 0.863-0.875 (25/25 C); 1092

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ref. index 1.4620-1.4720 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4130 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; can cause allergic reaction, esp. of the skin; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent, preservative in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, condiments, meats, sausages, curry powd. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Council of Europe listed; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Coriander oil; Coriandrum sativum; Coriandrum sativum oil. See Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil Corn bran. See Corn (Zea mays) bran Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Corn dextrin. See Dextrin Corn extract. See Corn (Zea mays) extract Corn gluten; Corn gluten meal. See Corn (Zea mays) meal Corn gluten protein. See Corn (Zea mays) gluten protein Corn glycerides CAS 85536-08-9; EINECS/ELINCS 287-489-6 Synonyms: Glycerides, corn, mono-, di-, and triDefinition: Mixture of mono, di, and triglycerides derived from corn oil Uses: Emulsifier in foods Trade Names: Maisine® Corn maltodextrin Uses: Thickener, bulking agent, crystallization inhibitor, mouthfeel enhancer, carrier for foods, nutritional beverages, sugar-free drink mixes, frostings, glaze mixes, cheese sauces, soup mixes Trade Names: Malta*Gran® 10; Malta*Gran® 18 M Corn meal. See Corn (Zea mays) meal Cornmint oil, partially dementholized. See Mentha arvensis oil Corn oil. See Corn (Zea mays) oil Corn oil, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated corn oil Corn oil, nonsaponifiable fraction; Corn oil unsaponifiables. See Corn (Zea mays) oil unsaponifiables Corn protein Synonyms: Maize protein Uses: Antioxidant glaze for nuts; antisticking agent for licorice, candies; coating, protectant for nutritional supplement tablets Trade Names: Vege-Coat Corn silk extract. See Corn (Zea mays) silk extract Corn starch. See Starch; Corn (Zea mays) starch Corn starch, pregelatinized CAS 9005-25-8 Synonyms: Maize starch, pregelatinized Use Level: 3-15% (tablet disintegrant) Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Chemacon GmbH 1093

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.chemacon.de Colorcon http://www.colorcon.com; Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com; Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/ Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Roquette Am. http://www.roquette.fr; Universal Preserv-AChem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Merigel 100 Corn starch, waxy CAS 977050-52-4 Synonyms: Waxy corn starch; Waxy maize starch Definition: Variant of normal corn contg. nearly 100% amylopectin molecules, which are thick and easy to gelatinize Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, texturizer for foods Features: Very visc. and stringy Trade Names: Amioca™; Can-Fil®; C*EmCap; C*EmTex; C*HiForm 12715 C*HiForm 12716; C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 12747; C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 12791 C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06218; Exp-Merigel 113; Farinex WM 55; Flo-Max 5 Instant Thickener; MAPS® 501; Merigel 310; National® 5730; Novation® 2300 Novation® 2600; Novation® 2700; Novation® 4600; Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC Novation® 9230; Novation® 9260; Novation® 9270; Novation® 9460; Novation® Prima 300 Novation® Prima 600; Resistamyl 310; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 342 Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348 Resistamyl 349; Rezista® HV; Staley® 7350 Waxy No. 1 Starch; Ultra-Crisp™ CS; UltraSperse® A Corn steep liquor CAS 66071-94-1 Definition: Visc. conc. of corn solubles, rich in vitamins, amino acids, minerals, and other growth stimulants Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: Believed to be nonhazardous Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§73.275; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Corn sugar. See Glucose Corn sugar gum. See Xanthan gum Corn sugar syrup. See Corn syrup Corn syrup CAS 8029-43-4; 977004-12-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-436-4 Synonyms: Corn sugar syrup; Glucose syrup; Syrups, hydrolyzed starch Definition: Mixture of D-glucose, maltose, and maltodextrins; obtained by partial hydrolysis of corn starch Properties: Aq. syrup Toxicology: May cause allergic reaction Uses: Nutritive sweetener, dietary supplement, thickener, bodying agent, texturizer, carrier in foods, soft drinks, beer, other beverages; feedstock in fermentation Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §131.112, 133.124, 133.178, 133.179, 145.3, 145.134, 145.180, 146.3, 146.145, 146.146, 155.200, 169.175, 184.1865, GRAS; cleared by MID to flavor sausage, hamburger, meat loaf, luncheon meat, chopped or pressed ham; for use alone at 2% or in combination with corn syrup solids or glucose syrup, with combination totaling 2% on dry basis; approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: ADM http://www.admworld.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Trade Names: Avebe SPG 20; Avebe SPG 30; Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; Cleardex® 25/42 IX; Cleardex® 28/42 Cleardex® 36/43; Clearsweet® 25/42; Clearsweet® 25/42 IX; Clearsweet® 28/42; Clearsweet® 36/43 Clearsweet® 43% High Maltose; Clearsweet® 43/43; Clearsweet® 43/43 IX; Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 43/44 IX

1094

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Clearsweet® 43/44.5; Clearsweet® 43/45; Clearsweet® 43/45 IX; Clearsweet® 50% High Maltose; Clearsweet® 53/44 Clearsweet® 53/44 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 63/43; Clearsweet® 63/44; Clearsweet® 63/44 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup Clearsweet® Unrefined 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup; CornSweet® 42; CornSweet® 55; Cornsweet® 90; CornSweet® 95 42/43 Corn Syrup; 62/43 Corn Syrup; Corn Syrup 36/43; Corn Syrup 42/43; Corn Syrup 52/43 Corn Syrup 62/43; Corn Syrup 62/44; Corn Syrup 97/71; Globe® Corn Syrup Solids; Glucomalt 151 Glucomalt 161; Glucomalt 351; Glucomalt 361; Glucomalt 371; Glucomalt 451 Glucomalt 461; Glucomalt 551; Glucomalt 561; Glucomalt 571; Glucomalt 661 Glucomalt 710; Glucomalt 731; Glucomalt 760; Glucomalt 771; Glucoplus 161 Glucoplus 163; Glucoplus 173; Glucoplus 331; Glucoplus 351; Glucoplus 361 Glucoplus 371; Glucoplus 531; Glucoplus 561; Glucoplus 571; IsoClear® 42 High Fructose Corn Syrup IsoClear® 55 High Fructose Corn Syrup; Isosweet 100; Isosweet 180; Mylose 120; Mylose 150 Mylose 151; Mylose 220; Mylose 251; Mylose 451; Mylose 461 Mylose 471; Mylose 651; Mylose 658; Mylose 661; Mylose 671 NETO® 7300-43/43; NETO® 7350-50/43; Staley® 200-26/42; Staley® 300-36/42; Staley® 1300-42/43 Staley® 3370; Sweetose® 4300-63/43; Sweetose® 4325-63/43; Sweetose® 440063/44; Sweetose® 4425-63/44 Trade Names Containing: Glucosweet 251; Glucosweet 261; Glucosweet 341; Glucosweet 361; Glucosweet 371 Glucosweet 431; Glucosweet 451; Glucosweet 461; Glucosweet 471; Glucosweet 481 Glucosweet 611; Glucosweet 660; Glucosweet 661; Glucosweet 680; Glucosweet 681 Glucosweet 711; Glucosweet 731; Glucosweet 761; Glucosweet 931; Hentex10 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hentex-20; Hentex-20A; Hentex-30; Hentex30A; Hentex-76 Honi-Bake®; Honi-Flake; Lucarotin® 10 CWD O; N-Lok®; N-Lok® 1930 Vegapure® 67 WDP See also Glucose, liquid Corn syrup, high fructose CAS 977042-84-4 Synonyms: HFCS; High fructose corn syrup Uses: Moisturizer, crystallization control agent, sweetener for foods, beverages, ice cream; microbiological growth control agent; provides controllable substrate Features: High osmotic pressure Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §131.111, 131.112, 131.170, 131.200, 131.203, 131.206, 184.1866, GRAS; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: Glorybee Natural Sweeteners http://www.glorybee.com/glorybee/Index.ht ml Trade Names Containing: Dri-Mol® 604; HoniBake®; Honi-Flake Corn syrup solids CAS 68131-37-3; EINECS/ELINCS 268-616-4 Synonyms: Dried fructose-glucose syrup; Dried glucose syrup; Glucose syrup solids Definition: Dried syrups with a DE-value higher or equal to 20% Properties: Clear visc. syrup Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, sausage, hamburger, meat loaf, luncheon meat, chopped or pressed ham; visc. builder, bodying agent in foods Features: Directly compressible Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §184.1865; EC council directive 2001/111/EEC; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com; Roquette Am. http://www.roquette.fr Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com Trade Names: GD 2210; GD 2910; GD 3910; Glucodry 210; Glucodry 210 G Glucodry 310; Glucodry 350; Glucodry 380; Glucodry 430; Maltrin® M200 1095

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Maltrin® M250; Maltrin® QD M600; N-Tack®; Star-Dri® 20; Star-Dri® 42C Star-Dri® 42F; Star-Dri® 42R; Star-Dri® 200; Star-Dri® 240 Trade Names Containing: Crodacreme Range; Hi-Cap™ 200; Lamequick® CE 6630; Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol GF; Purity® HO Purity® Gum 539; Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ Corn (Zea mays) bran Synonyms: Corn bran; Zea mays Uses: Dietary fiber in foods, beverages, highfiber formulations Features: Natural Trade Names: Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Corn Bran; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Micro-Lite Corn Bran Corn (Zea mays) extract CAS 84696-06-0 Synonyms: Corn extract; Zea mays; Zea mays kernel extract Definition: Extract of the kernels of corn, Zea mays Trade Names Containing: Sweet'N'Neat® 7000 Dry Malt Flakes Corn (Zea mays) flour CAS 68525-86-0; EINECS/ELINCS 271-199-1 Synonyms: Flour, corn; Zea mays Definition: Powd. obtained from fine grinding of inner portion of seeds of Zea mays Uses: Food ingred. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.211, 137.215; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Hesco http://www.hescoinc.com/hesco/default.asp Trade Names Containing: 2X White Sour; Alcolec® 30-A; Golden Gate Sour; Goldex® II; White Sour Corn (Zea mays) gluten protein CAS 9010-66-6; 66071-96-3 Synonyms: Corn gluten protein; Protein, glutens, corn; Zea mays; Zea mays gluten Definition: Corn protein containing the starchy endosperm of the grain Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, texturizer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1321, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Sigma Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Corn (Zea mays) meal CAS 66071-96-3; EINECS/ELINCS 266-116-0 Synonyms: Corn gluten; Corn gluten meal; Corn meal; Glutens, corn; Maize gluten; Maize gluten meal; Zea mays Definition: Coarse flour from milling of Zea mays Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient supplement, texturizer in foods; animal feed ingred. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.250, 137.275, 184.1321, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Hesco http://www.hescoinc.com/hesco/default.asp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Corn (Zea mays) oil CAS 8001-30-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-281-2 Synonyms: Corn oil; Maize oil; Zea mays; Zea mays oil Definition: Refined fixed oil obtained from wet milling of corn, Zea mays Properties: Pale yel. oily liq., faint char. odor and taste; sol. in ether, chloroform, amyl acetate, benzene, CS2, chlorinated and aromatic solvs.; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.9140.921; m.p. -10 C; acid no. 2-6; iodine no. 109133; sapon. no. 187-193; flash pt. 321 C; ref. index 1.470-1.474 Toxicology: Nontoxic; human skin irritant; experimental teratogen; may be an allergen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; dangerous spontaneous heating may occur NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Coating agent, emulsifier, formulation aid, texturizer, dietary supplement in foods, bakery prods., margarine; salad and cooking oil Features: Oleaginous Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, GRAS; FDA approved for injectables, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ADM http://www.admworld.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; 1096

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Alba Int'l. Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl; Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Charkit http://www.charkit.com ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Naturals http://www.spectrumnaturals.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Vandemoortele Bakery Prods. http://www.vandemoortelebakeryproducts.c om/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welchholme-clark.com Trade Names Containing: Beta Carotene 30% FS; Canthaxanthin 10% CWS/N; Hentex-35; Liquid Vitamin D3; Lucarotin® 30 M Tenox® 4; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 6; Tenox® 8; Tenox® 25 Tenox® 26 Corn (Zea mays) oil unsaponifiables CAS 66587-54-0; EINECS/ELINCS 266-416-1 Synonyms: Corn oil, nonsaponifiable fraction; Corn oil unsaponifiables; Zea mays; Zea mays unsaponifiables Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Definition: Fraction of corn oil which is not saponified in the refining recovery of corn oil fatty acids Uses: Ingred. in food Trade Names Containing: Vitamin A and D-3 Blend Corn (Zea mays) silk CAS 977000-79-5 FEMA 2335 Definition: Fresh styles and stigmas of Zea mays Properties: Nearly odorless; faintly sweetish taste Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1262, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Whole Herb http://www.wholeherbcompany.com/ Corn (Zea mays) silk extract CAS 977071-11-6 Synonyms: Corn silk extract; Stigmata maydis extract; Zea mays; Zea mays extract Definition: Extract of the stigmas of Zea mays Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1262, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Corn (Zea mays) starch CAS 9005-25-8; 53112-52-0; 75138-75-9; 977050-51-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Synonyms: Corn starch; Maize starch; Starch, corn; Starch, zea mays; Zea mays; Zea mays starch Definition: Granules obtained from mature grains of corn, Zea mays; carbohydrate polymer consisting primarily of amylose and amylopectin Formula: (C6H10O5)n Properties: Wh. powd. or spheroidal gran.; pract. insol. in cold water and in ethanol (95%) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 6600 mg/kg; primary irritant; no ill effects unless massive doses are given; use of powd. in rubber 1097

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference gloves may cause contact urticaria; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Glucose source, dietary supplement, thickener in foods; filler in baking powder; migrating to foods from cotton in dry food pkg., paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 178.3520, 182.70, 182.90; GRAS for use in dietary supplements Manuf./Distrib.: ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi ng.asp; ADM http://www.admworld.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Cerestar UK http://www.cerestar.com; Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemstar Prods. http://www.chemstar.com; Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com Galactic http://www.lactic.com/; Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; NB Entrepreneurs http://www.nbent.com; Nalco http://www.nalco.com Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com; Penford Prods. http://www.penx.com/products/products_d efault.asp; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com Trade Names: AmyloGel™ 03001; AmyloGel™ 03003; Buffalo® Corn Starch; Canners TF; Cargill Gel™ 03420 Cargill Gel™ 03428; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Cargill GelInstant™ 12410; Cargill Set 05030 Cargill Set 05032; Cargill Set 05033; Cargill Set 05034; DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 Exp F 115; Exp F 117; Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Gelose® 80; Hoosier 5; Hylon® V; Hylon® VII; Melojel® Meritena 100; Meritena 141; Mira-Gel® 463; National® 1215; PolarTex 05732 PolarTex 05734; Pure-Dent® B700 NF; PureDent® B810 NF; Pure-Dent® B812 USP; Pure-Dent® B815 NF Pure-Dent® B816 USP; Pure-Dent® B880 NF; Pure-Dent® B890 NF; Purity® 825; Purity® 9200 Purity® TF; Resistamyl 131; Resistamyl 231; Salioca 05330; Salioca 06436 Salioca™ 06758; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); Sta-Rx® NF; Thibola 100; Thibola 230 Thibola 300; Ultra-Sperse®; Ultra-Tex® 1 Trade Names Containing: AccuCoat® 05520; AccuFlo 05602; ADM Cream Acid Salt; Arcon® SH; Assist LC-5 Canthaxanthin 10% CWS/N; CleanSet 03730; CleanSet 03736; CleanSet 03737; CleanSet 03738 Crispcoat™ UC; Dependox AXC; Domestic CM Enrichment with Folic Acid; Doughmaker; Doughmaker 5 Export Masa Enrichment; F E Blend K with Folic Acid; Fermaloid®; Hentex-12; Nu Mould™ Royal Baking Powd.; SeaGel® XP 3428 Corylone. See Methyl cyclopentenolone Corylus americana; Corylus americana nut oil. See Hazel (Corylus americana) nut oil Corylus avellana; Corylus avellana nut oil. See Hazel (Corylus avellana) nut oil Cosmetic talc. See Talc Costmary. See Costmary (Chrysanthemum balsamita) Costmary (Chrysanthemum balsamita) CAS 977017-86-9 Synonyms: Alecost; Chrystanthemum balsamita; Costmary Definition: From Chrysanthemum balsamita Properties: Pleasant clary sage, tansy, or mintlike odor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages, brewing beer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Costus oil; Costus root oil. See Costus (Saussurea lappa) oil Costus (Saussurea lappa) oil CAS 8023-88-9 FEMA 2336 1098

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Costus oil; Costus root oil; Saussurea lappa Definition: Oil derived from Saussurea lappa Properties: Yel to brn. liq.; insol. in water; flash pt. 120 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3400 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; low toxicity by skin contact; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Essential7 http://www.essential7.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Phoenix Aromas http://www.phoenixaromas.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cotton fiber. See Cellulose Cotton oil. See Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil Cottonseed glyceride CAS 8029-44-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-438-5 Synonyms: Cottonseed oil monoglyceride; Glycerides, cottonseed oil, mono-; Glyceryl mono cottonseed oil Definition: Monoglyceride derived from cottonseed oil Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Trade Names: Dimodan® CP Trade Names Containing: Myvatex® Monoset® K Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil CAS 8001-29-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-280-7 Synonyms: Aceite de Algodon; Cotton oil; Cottonseed oil; Cottonseed oil, winterized; Deodorized winterized cottonseed oil; Gossypium; Oleum Gossypii seminis Definition: Refined fixed oil from seeds of various species of Gossypium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Pale yel. oily liq., nearly odorless; sol. in ether, benzene, chloroform; sl. sol. in alcohol; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.9150.921; f.p. 0-5 C; solid. pt. 31-33 C; iodine no. 109-120; sapon. no. 190-198; flash pt. (CC) 486 F Toxicology: Questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen and teratogen; allergen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; may be dangerous hazard due to spontaneous heating Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2 from combustion NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Coating agent, emulsifier, lubricant, formulation aid, texturizer for foods, cooking oil, margarine, salad oil, shortening Features: Oleaginous Use Level: 56-92% (intramuscular preps.), 0.002-402 mg (solid oral dosage forms) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800, GRAS; FDA approved for intramuscular injectables, orals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Amber Syn. http://www.amsyn.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Good Food Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Natural Oils Int'l. http://www.naturaloils.com; Oilseeds Int'l. http://www.oilseedssf.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sea1099

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welchholme-clark.com Trade Names: Cottonseed Cooking Oil Trade Names Containing: PanEze™; PanEze™ W; Solec™ M; Solec™ W; Sta-Set RC™ Vegetable All Purpose Shortening Cottonseed oil. See Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil Cottonseed oil monoglyceride. See Cottonseed glyceride Cottonseed oil, winterized. See Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil Coumarone/indene copolymer. See Coumarone/indene resin Coumarone/indene resin CAS 35343-70-5; 63393-89-5 Synonyms: Coumarone/indene copolymer; Coumarone resin; Indene/coumarone resin; Poly (coumarone-co-indene); Polyindene resin Classification: Thermosetting resin Properties: Brn. solid; soft and sticky at R.T.; hardens on heating to solid; sol. in hydrocarbon solvs., pyridine, acetone, carbon disulfide, CCl4; insol. in water, alcohol; dens. 1.140; soften. pt. 126 C; flash pt. > 109 C; ref. index 1.63-1.64 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorption; may cause eye/skin irritation; may be irritating to mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Keep tightly closed; store in a cool, dry place Uses: Protective coating on grapefruit, lemons, limes, oranges, tangelos, tangerines; in chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.215, 175.105, 175.300, 177.2600; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Natrochem http://www.natrochem.com; Neville http://www.nevchem.com Coumarone resin. See Coumarone/indene resin Cowrie. See Copal resin C10-12 pareth-3 CAS 66455-15-0 (generic) Classification: Linear alcohol ethoxylate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Trade Names: Surfonic® L12-3 C10-12 pareth-6 CAS 66455-15-0 (generic) Classification: Linear alcohol ethoxylate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Trade Names: Surfonic® L12-6 C10-12 pareth-8 CAS 66455-15-0 (generic) Classification: Linear alcohol ethoxylate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Trade Names: Surfonic® L12-8 C12-14 pareth-3 CAS 68439-50-9 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-3 C12-14 alcohol Classification: Linear alcohol ethoxylate Definition: PEG ether of a mixt. of syn. C12-14 fatty alcohols with avg. 3 moles EO Properties: Nonionic Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Trade Names: Surfonic® L24-3 C12-14 pareth-4 CAS 68439-50-9 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-4 C12-14 alcohol Classification: Linear alcohol ethoxylate Definition: PEG ether of a mixt. of syn. C12-14 fatty alcohols with avg. 4 moles EO Properties: Nonionic Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Trade Names: Surfonic® L24-4 C12-14 pareth-7 CAS 68439-50-9 (generic) 1100

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: PEG-7 C12-14 alcohol Classification: Linear alcohol ethoxylate Definition: PEG ether of a mixt. of syn. C12-14 fatty alcohols with avg. 7 moles EO Properties: Nonionic Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Trade Names: Surfonic® L24-7 C12-14 pareth-8 CAS 68439-50-9 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-8 C12-14 alcohol; PEG-8 C1214 fatty alcohol Classification: Linear alcohol ethoxylate Definition: PEG ether of a mixt. of syn. C12-14 fatty alcohols with avg. 8 moles EO Properties: Nonionic Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Trade Names: Surfonic® L24-9 C12-14 pareth-11 CAS 68439-50-9 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-11 C12-14 alcohol Classification: Linear alcohol ethoxylate Definition: PEG ether of a mixt. of syn. C12-14 fatty alcohols with avg. 11 moles EO Properties: Nonionic Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Trade Names: Surfonic® L24-12 C14-16 pareth-7 Classification: Linear alcohol ethoxylate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Substance in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Trade Names: Surfonic® L46-7 C11 primary alcohol. See Undecyl alcohol Cranberry (vaccinum macrocarpon) fruit extract CAS 91770-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 294-875-8 Uses: Nutritional supplement Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Trade Names Containing: Origanox™ WS-CR Cranesbill extract. See Geranium maculatum extract Cream of tartar. See Potassium acid tartrate Creeping thyme extract. See Wild thyme (Thymus serpillum) extract Creosol; p-Creosol. See 2-Methoxy-4methylphenol 2-Cresol. See o-Cresol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

3-Cresol. See m-Cresol 4-Cresol. See p-Cresol m-Cresol CAS 108-39-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-577-9 UN 2076 (DOT); FEMA 3530 Synonyms: 3-Cresol; m-Cresylic acid; 1Hydroxy-3-methylbenzene; 3Hydroxytoluene; m-Hydroxytoluene; 3Methylphenol; m-Methylphenol; mOxytoluene; m-Toluol Classification: Phenol Empirical: C7H8O Formula: CH3C6H4OH Properties: Colorless to yel. liq., phenolic odor; sol. in water, ethanol, chloroform, diethyl ether, acetone, benzene, other common org. solvs.; misc. with glycerin; m.w. 108.14; dens. 1.034 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 1 mm (52 C); m.p. 12 C; b.p. 203 C; flash pt. (CC) 86 C; ref. index 1.5400 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2.02 g/kg, (skin, rat) 1100 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 168 mg/kg; poison by ing., IV, IP, subcut. routes; mod. toxic by skin contact; chronic poisoning may occur from oral ingestion or absorption through the skin; severe eye and skin irritant; can produce digestive disturbances, skin eruptions, jaundice, uremia; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Corrosive; combustible; mod. explosive in form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; sensitive to light and air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meat prods., soups, snack foods, gravies, nut prods., instant coffee/tea, seasonings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.2410; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for injectables; SARA reportable; HAP; USP/NF, BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Atul Ltd http://www.atul.co.in; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com Imperial-OEL-Import http://www.imperialoel-import.de; J.H. Calo 1101

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.jhcalo.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com o-Cresol CAS 95-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-423-8 UN 2076 (DOT); FEMA 3480 Synonyms: 2-Cresol; o-Cresylic acid; 1Hydroxy-2-methylbenzene; oHydroxytoluene; 2-Methylphenol; oMethylphenol; Orthocresol; o-Oxytoluene; o-Toluol Classification: Aromatic phenol Empirical: C7H8O Properties: Cryst. or liq.; darkens on exposure to air or light; m.w. 108.14; dens. 1.048; vapor pressure 1 mm (38.2 C); m.p. 30-34 C; b.p. 191 C; flash pt. 178 F Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 121 mg/kg, (skin, rat) 620 mg/kg; highly toxic; poison by ing., inh., subcut., IV, IP routes; readily absorbed through skin; severe eye and skin irritant; experimental neoplastigen; questionable carcinogen; human mutagenic data; target organs: nerves, lungs, liver, kidneys; TSCA listed Precaution: Corrosive; flamm. exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Air and light-sensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, meats, meat sauces, soups, condiments, pickles, cereals, seasonings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.2410; FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; HAP; USP/NF, BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Atul Ltd http://www.atul.co.in; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Crowley Tar Prods. http://www.crowleychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Imperial-OEL-Import http://www.imperialoel-import.de; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ p-Cresol CAS 106-44-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-398-6 UN 2076 (DOT); FEMA 2337 Synonyms: 4-Cresol; p-Cresylic acid; 1Hydroxy-4-methylbenzene; 4Hydroxytoluene; p-Hydroxytoluene; 1Methyl-4-hydroxybenzene; 4-Methylphenol; p-Methylphenol; p-Oxytoluene; Paramethyl phenol; p-Toluol; p-Tolyl alcohol Classification: Aromatic alcohol Empirical: C7H8O Formula: CH3C6H4OH Properties: Wh. cryst. mass, phenolic odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, acetone, diethyl ether, benzene, CCl4, hot water, most org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 108.14; dens. 1.0341 (20/4 C); m.p. 32-35 C; b.p. 202 C; flash pt. (CC) 86 C; ref. index 1.5395 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 1.8 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 25 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 301 mg/kg; poison by ing., skin contact, subcut., IV, and IP routes; severe skin and eye irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flames; mod. explosive as vapor when exposed to heat or flame NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: USP/NF, BP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.300, 177.2410; FEMA GRAS; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Biorganics; Atul Ltd http://www.atul.co.in; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Imperial-OEL-Import http://www.imperialoel-import.de; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ 1102

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference o-Cresol acetate. See o-Cresyl acetate p-Cresol acetate. See p-Cresyl acetate o-Cresol methyl ether. See o-Methylanisole p-Cresol methyl ether. See p-Methylanisole o-Cresyl acetate CAS 533-18-6; EINECS/ELINCS 208-556-8 FEMA 3072 Synonyms: Acetic acid, 2-methylphenyl ester; Acetic acid, o-tolyl ester; o-Acetoxytoluene; Acetyl o-cresol; o-Cresol acetate; oCresylic acetate; 2-Methylphenyl acetate; oMethylphenyl acetate; 2-Methylphenyl ester of acetic acid; o-Tolyl acetate Empirical: C9H10O2 Formula: CH3COOC6H4CH3 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in hot water, org. solvs., oils; nearly insol. in cold water; m.w. 150.18; sp. gr. 1.05; b.p. 208 C; ref. index 1.4998 Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruitt, medicinal, sweet floral odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com p-Cresyl acetate CAS 140-39-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-413-1 FEMA 3073 Synonyms: Acetic acid-4-methylphenyl ester; 4-Acetoxytoluene; p-Acetoxytoluene; Acetyl p-cresol; p-Cresol acetate; p-Cresylic acetate; 4-Methylbenzoic acid methyl ester; 4-Methylphenyl acetate; p-Methylphenyl acetate; Paracresyl acetate; p-Tolyl acetate; p-Tolyl ethanoate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C9H10O2 Formula: CH3CO2C6H4CH3 Properties: Colorless liq., anise sweet fragrant odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 150.18; dens. 1.047; b.p. 210-211 C; dec. @ 360 C; flash pt. 90 C; ref. index 1.5010 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2100 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits toxic smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Camida USA http://www.camida.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk Gallaher Group http://www.gallahergroup.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Cresyl caprylate. See p-Cresyl octanoate p-Cresyl dodecanoate. See p-Tolyl laurate o-Cresylic acetate. See o-Cresyl acetate p-Cresylic acetate. See p-Cresyl acetate m-Cresylic acid. See m-Cresol o-Cresylic acid. See o-Cresol p-Cresylic acid. See p-Cresol Cresyl-4-isobutyrate. See p-Tolyl isobutyrate o-Cresyl isobutyrate. See o-Tolyl isobutyrate p-Cresyl isobutyrate. See p-Tolyl isobutyrate p-Cresyl isovalerate CAS 55066-56-3; EINECS/ELINCS 259-465-5 FEMA 3387 Synonyms: p-Cresyl 3-methylbutanoate; Isovaleric acid p-tolyl ester; p-Methylphenyl 3-methylbutanoate; p-Methylphenyl 3methylbutyrate; p-Tolyl isovalerate; p-Tolyl 3-methylbutyrate Empirical: C12H16O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq.; tobacco-like, animal, sweet herbaceous odor; sol. in oils; misc. with ethanol; insol. in water; m.w. 192.26; sp.gr. 0.977-0.987; b.p. 103 C (2 mm Hg); acid no. 1 max.; ref. index 1.485-1.489 Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com p-Cresyl laurate. See p-Tolyl laurate p-Cresyl 3-methylbutanoate. See p-Cresyl isovalerate 1103

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference o-Cresyl methyl ether. See o-Methylanisole p-Cresyl methyl ether. See p-Methylanisole p-Cresyl octanoate CAS 59558-23-5; EINECS/ELINCS 261-803-1 FEMA 3733 Synonyms: p-Cresyl caprylate; pMethylphenyl octanoate; Octanoic acid, 4methylphenyl ester; n-Octanoic acid p-tolyl ester; Octanoic acid p-tolyl ester; p-Tolyl octanoate Empirical: C15H22O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq.; animal herbal floral indolic odor; sol. in alcohol, oils; insol. in water; m.w. 234.34; sp.gr. 0.950-0.960; dens. 7.9388.005 lb/gal; b.p. 265 C; acid no. 1 max.; flash pt. (CC) 110 C; ref. index 1.478-1.488 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1600 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; vapor/mist is irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; irritating to skin; harmful by ing.; may be harmful by inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf.-waters Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources, naked flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; DSL, AICS, EU, China listed Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com p-Cresyl phenylacetate. See p-Tolyl phenylacetate o-Cresyl salicylate. See o-Tolyl salicylate Cretan dittany. See Dittany of Crete Crispmint oil. See Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil Crocus sativus; Crocus sativus extract. See Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) extract Croscarmellose (INCI). See Croscarmellose Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sodium Croscarmellose sodium CAS 74811-65-7 INS468; E468 Synonyms: Croscarmellose (INCI); Crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose; Crosslinked cellulose gum; Crosslinked CMC; Crosslinked NaCMC; Crosslinked sodium carboxymethylcellulose; Crosslinked sodium CMC; Sodium salt of crosslinked carboxymethyl ether cellulose Definition: Sodium salt of thermally crosslinked carboxymethylated cellulose Properties: Wh. to off-wh. free-flowing powd.; odorless; partly sol. in water; insol. in ether, alcohol, org. solvs.; pH 5-7 (1% disp.); hydrophilic Storage: Hygroscopic; store in a well-closed container in a cool, dry, place; 2 yr. shelf life Uses: Stabilizer, binder in foods Use Level: 2% w/w used in tablets prepared by direct compression; 3% w/w in tablets prepared by a wet-granulation process Regulatory: FDA approved for intramuscular injectables, orals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Avebe http://www.avebe.com Avebe http://www.avebe.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com; FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/; Lehmann & Voss http://www.lehvoss.de; Ming Tai Chem. http://www.mingtai.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk 1104

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Crospolyvidone; Crospovidinum. See Crospovidone Crospovidone CAS 9003-39-8; 25249-54-1; 977043-97-2 INS1202; E1202 Synonyms: Crospolyvidone; Crospovidinum; Crosslinked PVP; 1-Ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone homopolymer; Insoluble polyvidone; Insoluble PVP; Polyvidonum insoluble, crosslinked; Poly(vinylpolypyrrolidone); Polyvinylpyrrolidone, crosslinked; PVPP; 2Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, homopolymer; 1Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone homopolymer Definition: Water-insol. synthetic crosslinked homopolymer of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone Empirical: (C6H9NO)n Properties: Wh. powd., faint odor; insol. in water but swells instantly on contact; insol. in most org. solvs.; m.p. > 300 C; hygroscopic Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorption; may cause eye/skin irritation; avoid contact and inh.; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated place; keep tightly closed Uses: Clarifier, filter aid, shelf life enhancer in beer, wine, and vinegar; appearance control agent in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.50; FDA approved for implants, ophthalmics, orals, injectables, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; OSHA nonhazardous Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF http://www.basf.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Divergan® F; Divergan® RS; Kollidon® CL; Polyclar® 10; Polyclar® BV Polyclar® Super R; Polyclar® Ultra Fine Trade Names Containing: Polyclar® Ultra K100 Crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose; Crosslinked cellulose gum; Crosslinked CMC; Crosslinked NaCMC. See Croscarmellose sodium Crosslinked PVP. See Crospovidone Crosslinked sodium carboxymethylcellulose; Crosslinked sodium CMC. See Croscarmellose sodium Croton bark oil; Croton cascarilla; Croton cascarilla oil; Croton eluteria; Croton eluteria oil; Croton extract. See Cascarilla oil Crotonic acid CAS 3724-65-0; EINECS/ELINCS 223-077-4 UN 2823 (DOT) Synonyms: 2-Butenoic acid; α-Butenoic acid; α-Crotonic acid; β-Methacrylic acid; 3Methylacrylic acid; β-Methylacrylic acid Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Definition: The commercial prod. is a mixt. of the cis and trans isomers Empirical: C4H6O2 Formula: CH3CH:CHCOOH Properties: Colorless needle-like cryst.; sol. 555 g/l in water (20 C); m.w. 86.09; dens. 1.018 (15/4 C); vapor pressure 0.19 mm (20 C); m.p. 72 C; b.p. 185 C; flash pt. (COC) 190 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1000 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 100 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 3590 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 600 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, subcut. routes; powerful irritant to tissue; corrosive; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; flamm. when exposed to heat and flames Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Celanese 1105

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chisso Am. Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com

decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com

α-Crotonic acid. See Crotonic acid Crotonic acid, n-butyl ester. See Butyl crotonate Crotonic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl crotonate Crotonic acid, 2-methyl-, (E)-. See Tiglic acid Crotonic acid, methyl ester, (E)-; (E)-Crotonic acid methyl ester. See Methyl crotonate Crotonic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester, (E)-. See Ethyl tiglate Crotonic acid, 3-methyl-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl senecioate Crotonic acid, propyl ester. See Propyl crotonate Crotylidene acetic acid. See Sorbic acid Cryptoxanthin. See Kryptoxanthin Crystalline cellulose. See Cellulose Crystalline silica. See Quartz Crystol carbonate. See Sodium carbonate CSP. See Cupric sulfate pentahydrate Cube alum. See Potassium alum dodecahydrate Cubeb oil. See Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil

Cubebs oil. See Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil Cubic niter. See Sodium nitrate Cucumber alcohol. See 2-trans,6-cisNonadienol Cultivated rye. See Rye (Secale cereale) flour Cumaldehyde. See Cuminaldehyde o-Cumaric aldehyde methyl ether. See oMethoxycinnamaldehyde Cumene aldehyde. See 2-Phenylpropanal o-Cumenol. See o-Isopropylphenol 3-p-Cumenyl-2-methylpropionaldehyde. See Cyclamen aldehyde 3-(p-Cumenyl) propionaldehyde. See 3-(pIsopropylphenyl) propionaldehyde Cumic alcohol. See Cuminic alcohol Cumic aldehyde; p-Cumic aldehyde; Cuminal. See Cuminaldehyde Cumin alcohol. See Cuminic alcohol

Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil CAS 8007-87-2; 90082-59-0; EINECS/ELINCS 290-148-4 FEMA 2339 Synonyms: Cubeb oil; Cubebs oil; Java pepper; Piper cubeba; Piper cubeba fruit oil; Piper cubeba oil; Tailed pepper Definition: Volatile oil from unripe fruit of Piper cubeba, contg. dipentene, cadinene, cubeb camphor Properties: Colorless, pale grn. or ylsh. liq.; spicy odor; sl. acrid taste; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, 10 vols alcohol; misc. with abs. alcohol, chloroform; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; dens. 0.905-0.925; ref. index 1.4921.502 (20 C) Toxicology: Skin irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to

Cuminaldehyde CAS 122-03-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-516-9 FEMA 2341 Synonyms: Cumaldehyde; Cumic aldehyde; pCumic aldehyde; Cuminal; Cuminic aldehyde; p-Cuminic aldehyde; 4Isopropylbenzaldehyde; pIsopropylbenzaldehyde; pIsopropylbenzenecarboxaldehyde; 4-(1Methylethyl) benzaldehyde Definition: Constituent of eucalyptus, myrrh, cassia, cumin, and other essential oils or prepared synthetically Empirical: C10H12O Formula: (CH3)2CHC6H4CHO Properties: Colorless to ylsh. oily liq., strong persistent aromatic odor, acrid burning taste; sol. in alcohol, ether, toluene, oxygenated

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1106

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference solvs.; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 148.21; dens. 0.978 (20 C); b.p. 235-236 C; flash pt. (COC) 104 C; ref. index 1.5301 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1390 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2800 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Mitsubishi Gas http://www.mgc-a.com Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) extract CAS 84775-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 283-881-6 Synonyms: Cumin extract; Cuminum cyminum; Cuminum cyminum extract Definition: Extract of dried seeds of cumin, Cuminum cyminum Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil CAS 8014-13-9; 84775-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 283-881-6 FEMA 2343 Synonyms: Cumin oil; Cumin seed oil; Cuminum cyminum; Cuminum cyminum fruit oil; Cuminum cyminum oil; Cummin Definition: Volatile oil from fruit of Cuminum cyminum, contg. 30-40% cuminaldehyde, pcymene, β-pinene, dipentene Properties: Colorless to yel. liq.; strong odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, 10 vols 80% alcohol; very sol. in chloroform, ether, glycerin, propylene glycol; pract. insol. in water; dens. 0.900-0.935 (25/25 C); ref. index 1.4950-1.5090 (20 C) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2500 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3560 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion and skin contact; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments, meats, curry powders Use Level: 0.4% max. as cumin oil in skin cosmetics exposed to sunlight Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Cumin extract. See Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) extract Cuminic acetaldehyde. See pIsopropylphenylacetaldehyde Cuminic alcohol CAS 536-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 208-640-4 FEMA 2933 Synonyms: Cumic alcohol; Cumin alcohol; Cuminol; Cuminyl alcohol; Cumyl alcohol; p-Cymen-7-ol; 4-Isopropylbenzyl alcohol; pIsopropylbenzyl alcohol Classification: Aromatic alcohol Empirical: C10H14O Formula: CH2OH(C6H4)CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq.; caraway-like odor; aromatic taste; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 1107

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 150.22; dens. 0.982; b.p. 135-136 C (26 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.522 (24 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1020 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2500 mg/kg; harmful liq.; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cuminic aldehyde; p-Cuminic aldehyde. See Cuminaldehyde Cumin oil. See Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil Cuminol. See Cuminic alcohol Cuminone. See p-Isopropylacetophenone Cuminum cyminum; Cuminum cyminum extract. See Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) extract Cuminum cyminum fruit oil; Cuminum cyminum oil. See Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil Cuminyl acetaldehyde. See 3-(pIsopropylphenyl) propionaldehyde Cuminyl alcohol. See Cuminic alcohol Cummin. See Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil Cumyl acetaldehyde. See pIsopropylphenylacetaldehyde Cumyl alcohol. See Cuminic alcohol Cupric gluconate. See Copper gluconate (ic) Cupric sulfate. See Cupric sulfate pentahydrate Cupric sulfate (INCI). See Cupric sulfate anhydrous Cupric sulfate anhydrous CAS 7758-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-847-6 UN NA 9109 (DOT); INS519 Synonyms: Basic copper sulfate; Blue copper; Bluestone; Blue vitriol; Copper monosulfate; Copper sulfate; Copper (II) sulfate; Copper sulfate (ic); Cupric sulfate (INCI); Sulfuric acid, copper salt Classification: Inorganic copper salt Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Definition: Copper salt of sulfuric acid; avail. commercially as the monohydrate or pentahydrate Empirical: CuO4S Formula: CuSO4 Properties: Blue cryst. or cryst. gran. or powd.; odorless; nauseous metallic taste; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 159.60; dens. 3.6; m.p. dec. @ 560 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 300 mg/kg; strong irritant; experimental tumorigen; human poison, systemic effects by ingestion: gastritis, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, hemolysis; eye irritant; no known skin toxicity; mutagen; TSCA listed Environmental: Hazardous to the environment Precaution: Reacts violently with hydroxylamine, magnesium Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Color fixing agent, preservative, nutrient supplement, processing aid in foods, brandy, distilling spirits, infant formula, wine; feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1261, GRAS, 582.80; FDA approved for orals; SARA reportable; Japan approved (0.6 mg/L as copper in milk); BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adheswara Chems. Pvt. Ltd.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/ George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com 1108

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Old Bridge http://www.oldbridgechem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phelps Dodge Refining http://www.pdec.com/ Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Cupric sulfate pentahydrate CAS 7758-99-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-847-6 Synonyms: Blue copperas; Bluestone; Blue vitriol; Copper sulfate (ic); Copper sulfate pentahydrate; Copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate; CSP; Cupric sulfate Classification: Inorganic copper salt Empirical: CuO4S • 5H2O Formula: CuSO4 • 5H2O Properties: Blue cryst. or cryst. gran. or powd., odorless; nauseous metallic taste; very sol. in water; sol. in methanol, glycerin; sl. sol. in ethanol; m.w. 249.70; dens. 2.286 (15.6/4 C); converts to monohydrate @ 110 C and to anhyd. salt @ 250 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 960 mg/kg; TLV/TWA 1 mg (Cu)/m3; harmful; irritant; human poison by unspecified routes; moderately toxic by ing.; corrosive to eyes; nontoxic dermally or by inh.; nonirritating to skin; tumorigen, mutagen Environmental: LC50 (rainbow trout) ≥ 1 mg/l; toxic to bees Precaution: Absorbs moisture readily when exposed to air Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient supplement, processing aid in foods, infant formulas; animal feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1261, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.allchem.com; Chem One http://www.chemone.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Old Bridge http://www.oldbridgechem.com Phelps Dodge Refining http://www.pdec.com/; Phibro-Tech http://www.phibro-tech.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wako Pure Chem. Ind. http://www.wako-chem.co.jp/english/; Xiamen Topusing http://www.topusing.com Cuprous iodide. See Copper iodide (ous) Curacao aloe extract. See Aloe extract; Aloe barbadensis extract Curacao orange peel Synonyms: Bitter orange peel Definition: Citrus aurantium Properties: Char. orange odor, bitter flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Curcuma domestica extract. See Turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract Curcuma longa; Curcuma longa extract. See Turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract Curcuma longa oleoresin. See Oleoresin turmeric Curcuma longa powder. See Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Curcuma oil. See Curcumin Curcuma zedoaria; Curcuma zedoaria extract. See Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria) extract Curcumin CAS 8024-37-1 INS100(i); E100 Synonyms: 1,7-Bis(4-hydroxymethoxyphenyl)1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione; CI 75300; Curcuma oil; Curcumine; Turmeric oil; Turmeric oleoresin; Turmeric yellow Definition: The coloring principle from curcuma Empirical: C21H20O6 Formula: [CH3OC6H3(OH)CH:CHCO]2CH2 1109

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Orange-yel. needles; sol. in water, ether, alcohol; m.p. 183 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 1500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; B&D Nutritional Ingreds. http://www.bndni.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Essential7 http://www.essential7.com Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Reincke & Fichtner http://reinckefichtner.de; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com See also Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Curcumine. See Curcumin Curdlan CAS 54724-00-4 Synonyms: 1,3-β-D-Glucan Classification: Polysaccharide Definition: High m.w. polymer of glucose, β-1,3glucan Empirical: (C6H10O5)n Properties: Wh. to nearly wh. powd.; odorless or almost odorless; insol. in water, alcohol, most inorg. solvs. Storage: Store @ 2-8 C Uses: Firming agent, gellant, formulation aid, processing aid, stabilizer, thickener, texturizer in low-fat meats, vegetable dishes, reduced-fat dressings, sauces, gravies Features: Virtually 100% insol. total dietary fiber; forms elastic gel on heating its aq. suspension; gels are very stable over wide pH range and under severe food processing conditions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.809 Manuf./Distrib.: Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Curled mint oil. See Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil Curry red. See FD&C Red No. 40 Cusparia bark. See Angostura (Galipea Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

officinalis) Cusparia bark extract. See Angostura (Galipea officinalis) extract 1-Cyano-1-(t-butylazo) cyclohexane Cyanocobalamin CAS 68-19-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200-680-0 Synonyms: Cyanocon (III) alamin; Dimethylbenzimidazolycobamide; 5,6Dimethylbenzimidazolycobamide cyanide; α-(5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazolyl) cyanocobamide; Vitamin B12; Vitamin B12 complex Classification: Organic compd. Definition: Produced commercially from cultures of Streptomyces griseus Empirical: C63H88CoN14O14P Properties: Dark red cryst. or powd., odorless and tasteless; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; insol. in acetone, ether, chloroform; m.w. 1355.55 Toxicology: LDLo (subcut., mouse) 3 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1364 mg/kg; poison by subcut. route, mod. toxic by IP route; no hazard to humans from excessive ing. in foods; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of POx, NOx Storage: Very hygroscopic; light-sensitive Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement, vitamin B12 source in foods, infant formulas, animal feed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 107.100, 172.775, 184.1945, GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; 1110

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GDL Int'l. http://www.gdlinternational.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Roussel Uclaf; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SK Fortified; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Vitamin B12 0.1% SD; Vitamin B12 1% Trituration Cyanocon (III) alamin. See Cyanocobalamin Cyanodithioimidocarbonate, disodium. See Disodium cyanodithioimidocarbonate Cyanopsis gum; Cyanopsis tetragonoloba; Cyanopsis tetragonoloba gum. See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Cyclamal. See Cyclamen aldehyde Cyclamate. See Cyclamic acid; Sodium cyclamate Cyclamate calcium; Cyclamate, calcium salt. See Calcium cyclamate Cyclamate sodium. See Sodium cyclamate Cyclamen aldehyde CAS 103-95-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-161-7 FEMA 2743 Synonyms: Benzenepropanal, α-methyl-4-(1methylethyl)-; 3-p-Cumenyl-2methylpropionaldehyde; Cyclamal; pIsopropyl-α-methylhydrocinnamic aldehyde; p-Isopropyl-αmethylphenylpropyl aldehyde; α-Methyl-pisopropylhydrocinnamaldehyde; 2-Methyl3-(p-isopropylphenyl) propanal; 2-Methyl-3(p-isopropylphenyl)-propionaldehyde; Methyl-p-isopropylphenylpropionaldehyde; α-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl) benzenepropanal Classification: aromatic aldehyde Empirical: C13H18O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., strong floral odor; sol. in fixed oils, 1 vol. of 80% alcohol; insol. in propylene glycol, glycerin, water; dens. 0.946-0.952; ref. index 1.5031.508 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3810 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com 1111

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Cyclamic acid CAS 100-88-9; EINECS/ELINCS 202-898-1 INS952 Synonyms: Cyclamate; Cyclohexanesulfamic acid; Cyclohexylamidosulfuric acid; Cyclohexylaminesulfonic acid; Cyclohexylsulfamic acid; Hexamic acid; Sucaryl; Sucaryl acid Empirical: C6H13NO3S Properties: Wh. cryst. solid, odorless, sweetsour taste; sol. in water, alcohol; insol. in oils; m.w. 179.24; m.p. 170 C; slowly hydrolyzed by hot water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12 g/kg, (IV, rat) 4 g/kg; poison by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; suspected human carcinogen; may cause bladder tumors; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and NOx Uses: Nonnutritive sweetener, acidulant in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Cyclamic acid calcium salt; Cyclamic acid hemicalcium salt. See Calcium cyclamate Cyclamic acid sodium salt. See Sodium cyclamate Cyclene. See Tricyclene Cycloamylase. See Cyclodextrin β-Cyclocitral CAS 432-25-7; EINECS/ELINCS 207-081-3 FEMA 3639 Synonyms: 2,6,6-Trimethyl-1 and 2cyclohexen-1-carboxaldehyde Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Colorless to pale cl. yel. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 152.24; dens. 0.943; b.p. 62--63 C (3 mm); flash pt. > 230 F Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, hard and soft candy, puddings, beverages, fruit ices, confectionery, jams, jellies, chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium α-Cyclocitrylidene acetone. See α-Ionone β-Cyclocitrylideneacetone. See β-Ionone α-Cyclocitrylidenebutanone. See Methyl αionone α-Cyclocitrylidene butanone. See αIsomethylionone β-Cyclocitrylidenebutanone. See Methyl βionone α-Cyclocitrylidenemethyl ethyl ketone. See Methyl α-ionone Cyclodextrin CAS 7585-39-9 (β); 10016-20-3 (α); 17465-86-0 (γ); EINECS/ELINCS 231-493-2 (β); 233-007-4 (α); 241-482-4 (γ) Synonyms: Alphadex; Betadex; Cycloamylase; α-Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; γCyclodextrin; Cycloheptaamylose; Cycloheptaglucosan; Cyclomaltoheptaose; Cyclomaltohexaose; Cyclomaltooctaose; Schardinger α-dextrin Definition: Cyclic polysaccharide comprised of six to eight glucopyranose units Empirical: C42H70O35 (β); C36H60O30 (α); C48H80O40 (γ) Properties: M.w. 1135.12 (β), 972.96 (α), 1297.14 (γ); m.p. 300 C (β), 278 C (α) Toxicology: β: LD50 (oral, rat) 18,800 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 356 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by IV and subcut. routes; mildly toxic by ing. α: LD50 (IV, rat) 788 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1 g/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Hygroscopic (γ) Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules; increases the sol. and bioavailability of other substances; masks flavor, odor, or coloration; stabilizes against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis; turns liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds.; processing aid in foods Regulatory: Japan approved; not permitted in certain foods Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland 1112

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.ashchem.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Cyclodextrin Tech. Development http://www.cyclodex.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Wacker Chems. http://www.wackersilicones.com Trade Names: Cavamax® W6; Cavamax® W6 Food; Cavamax® W7 Food; Cavamax® W8 Food α-Cyclodextrin. See Cyclodextrin β-Cyclodextrin CAS 7585-39-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-493-2 FEMA 4028; INS459; E459 Synonyms: Betadex; Cycloheptaamylose; Cycloheptaglucosan; Cyclomaltoheptaose; Schardinger β-dextrin Definition: Cyclic polysaccharide comprised of 7 glucopyranosyl units, produced by action of the enzyme cycloglycosyltransferase on partially hydrolyzed starch Empirical: C42H70O35 Formula: (C6H10O5)7 Properties: Wh. or almost wh. fine cryst. powd., pract. odorless, sl. sweet taste; freely sol. in hot water; sl. sol. in ethanol; sparingly sol. in water; m.w. 1135.12; m.p. 290-300 C (dec.) Toxicology: β: LD50 (oral, rat) 18,800 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 356 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by IV and subcut. routes; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules; increases the sol. and bioavailability of other substances; masks flavor, odor, or coloration; stabilizes against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis; turns liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds.; processing aid in foods Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Biosynth AG http://www.biosynth.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Wacker Chems. http://www.wackersilicones.com See also Cyclodextrin β-Cyclodextrin; γ-Cyclodextrin. See Cyclodextrin γ-Cyclodextrin-2-hydroxypropyl ether. See Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin Cyclo-1,13-ethylenedioxytridecan-1,13-dione; Cyclo-1,13-ethylenedioxytridecane-1,13dione. See Ethylene brassylate Cycloheptaamylose. See β-Cyclodextrin; Cyclodextrin Cycloheptaglucosan. See β-Cyclodextrin; Cyclodextrin 1,3-Cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl-4-isopropyl-. See α-Terpinene 1,4-Cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-. See γ-Terpinene Cyclohexancarboxylic acid. See Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Cyclohexaneacetic acid CAS 5292-21-7; EINECS/ELINCS 226-132-0 FEMA 2347 Synonyms: Cyclohexylacetic acid; Hexahydrophenyl acetic acid Classification: Nonaromatic carboxylic acid Definition: Obtained by catalytic reduction of phenylacetic acid Empirical: C8H14O2 Properties: Cryst. solid; sol. in most org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 142.19; dens. 1.007; m.p. 27-33 C; b.p. 244-246 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4558 (30 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 178 mg/kg; irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa 1113

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cyclohexaneacetic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl cyclohexylacetate Cyclohexane butanoic acid 2-propenyl ester; Cyclohexane butyric acid allyl ester. See Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate Cyclohexanecarboxamide, N-ethyl-5-methyl-2(1-methylethyl)-. See N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3carboxamide Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid CAS 98-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 202-711-3 FEMA 3531 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, hexahydro-; Carboxycyclohexane; Cyclohexancarboxylic acid; Cyclohexanoic acid; Cyclohexylcarboxylic acid; Cyclohexylmethanoic acid; Hexahydrobenzoic acid Empirical: C7H12O2 Properties: Wh. solid or colorless visc. liq.; rum, raisin, fruity, fatty sweet flavor; m.w. 128.17; dens. 1.033; m.p. 30-32 C; b.p. 232-233 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4610 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3265 mg/kg; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may cause irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, puddings, beverages, confectionery, frostings, chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Biosynth AG http://www.biosynth.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; SAFC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate 1,3-Cyclohexanedione, 2-methyl-. See 2-Methyl1,3-cyclohexanedione Cyclohexane ethyl acetate. See Cyclohexylethyl acetate; Ethyl cyclohexylacetate Cyclohexane ethyl propionate. See Ethyl cyclohexanepropionate Cyclohexane hexanoic acid 2-propenyl ester. See Allyl cyclohexanehexanoate cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6-Cyclohexanehexol. See Inositol Cyclohexane pentanoic acid 2-propenyl ester. See Allyl cyclohexanevalerate Cyclohexanesulfamic acid. See Cyclamic acid Cyclohexanesulfamic acid calcium salt. See Calcium cyclamate Cyclohexanesulfamic acid, monosodium salt. See Sodium cyclamate Cyclohexane valeric acid allyl ester. See Allyl cyclohexanevalerate Cyclohexanoic acid. See Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Cyclohexanol acetate. See Cyclohexyl acetate Cyclohexanol formate. See Cyclohexyl formate Cyclohexanol, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-. See Menthol Cyclohexanol, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-. See β-Terpineol Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)-, acetate, [1R-(1α,2β,5α)]-. See Isopulegyl acetate Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-. See Menthol Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-, [1S(α,2α,5β)]-. See d-Neomenthol Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-, acetate. See l-Menthyl acetate; Menthyl acetate; dl-Menthyl acetate Cyclohexanol, 3,3,5-trimethyl-. See Trimethylcyclohexanol Cyclohexanone CAS 108-94-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-631-1 UN 1915 (DOT); FEMA 3909 Synonyms: Cycloyhexyl ketone; Ketohexamethylene; Pimelic ketone; Pimelin ketone Classification: Cyclic ketone Empirical: C6H10O 1114

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Formula: CO(CH2)4CH2 Properties: Water-wh. to pale yel. oily liq., peppermint-acetone odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, common org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 98.08; sp.gr. 0.947 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 10 mm Hg (38.7 C); m.p. -32.1 C; b.p. 156.7 C; flash pt. (CC) 44 C; autoignition temp. 420 C; ref. index 1.4507; surf. tens. 35.05 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 16.10 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 25 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 1535 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., inh., subcut, IV, IP; corrosive; skin and severe eye irritant; inh. may cause throat irritation; ing. may cause GI tract irritation; extreme exposure by inh. or ing. may cause unconsciousness and death; human mutagenic data; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.50; ThOD 2.61 Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents (increases fire and explosion hazard); sl. explosion hazard as vapor exposed to flame; explosive reaction with nitric acid @ 75 C; can form explosive peroxides Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, in tightly closed containers; limit quantities in use Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com Dow http://www.dow.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.pentamfg.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Cyclohexanone, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-. See p-Menthanone Cyclohexanone, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-, (2S-trans)-. See l-Menthone Cyclohexanone, 5-methyl-2-(1methylethylidene)-, (R)-. See d-Pulegone Cyclohexanyl acetate. See Cyclohexyl acetate Cyclohexanyl formate. See Cyclohexyl formate Cyclohexatriene. See Benzene Cyclohexene. See Polydipentene Cyclohex-1-ene-1-methanol, 4-(1methylethenyl)-. See Perillyl alcohol 3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, α,α, 4-trimethyl-. See α-Terpineol Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-. See dl-Limonene Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (S). See l-Limonene 2-Cyclohexen-1-one, 2-methyl-5-(1methylethenyl)-. See Carvone Cyclohexyl acetate CAS 622-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 210-736-6 UN 2243 (DOT); FEMA 2349 Synonyms: Acetic acid cyclohexyl ester; Adronol acetate; Cyclohexanol acetate; Cyclohexanyl acetate; Hexalin acetate; Hexaline acetate Classification: Acetic acid ester Empirical: C8H14O2 Formula: CH3COOC6H11 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq.; fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 142.20; sp.gr. 0.966; b.p. 172-173 C; flash pt. (CC) 58 C; ref. index 1.44001.4410 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6730 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 10 g/kg; mod. toxic by subcut. route; mildly toxic by ing., skin contact; human systemic effects by inh. (conjunctiva irritation, unspecified respiratory changes); systemic irritant to humans; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; 1115

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference incompat. with strong oxidizing agents (increases risk of fire and explosion), strong bases (decomp. can occur) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Cyclohexanol, acetic acid; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight; avoid generating mist; ground drums and bond transfer containers Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cyclohexylacetic acid. See Cyclohexaneacetic acid Cyclohexylacetic acid allyl ester. See Allyl cyclohexaneacetate Cyclohexylacetic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl cyclohexylacetate Cyclohexylamidosulfuric acid; Cyclohexylaminesulfonic acid. See Cyclamic acid Cyclohexyl 2-aminobenzoate; Cyclohexyl oaminobenzoate. See Cyclohexyl anthranilate Cyclohexyl anthranilate CAS 7779-16-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-920-2 FEMA 2350 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, 2-amino-, cyclohexyl ester; Cyclohexyl 2aminobenzoate; Cyclohexyl oaminobenzoate Definition: Obtained from isatoic anhydride and cyclohexanol Empirical: C13H17NO2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. visc. liq.; mild orange blossom odor, grape-like taste; sol. in alcohol, methanol, toluene; sol. 10-50 mg/ml in DMSO; insol. in water; m.w. 219.28; sp.gr. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1.0980-1.1080; b.p. 318 C; flash pt. > 104 C; ref. index 1.559-1.569 (20 C) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Probably combustible; avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area; keep away from ignition sources and naked flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; DOT nonregulated; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com Cyclohexyl butanoate. See Cyclohexyl butyrate Cyclohexyl butyrate CAS 1551-44-6; EINECS/ELINCS 216-290-9 FEMA 2351 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, cyclohexyl ester; Butyric acid, cyclohexyl ester; Cyclohexyl butanoate Definition: Obtained from esterification of cyclohexanol with isobutyric acid Empirical: C10H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq., fresh floral odor, intense sweet taste; sol. in alcohol; almost insol. in water; m.w. 170.25; dens. 0.957; b.p. 212 C; flash pt. 173 F; ref. index 1.4490 Toxicology: LD50 (skin, guinea pig) > 5 g/kg; LDLo (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Apple-, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell 1116

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Cyclohexylcarboxylic acid. See Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Cyclohexyl cinnamate CAS 7779-17-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-921-8 FEMA 2352 Synonyms: Cinnamic acid, cyclohexyl ester; Cyclohexyl β-phenylacrylate; Cyclohexyl 3phenylpropenoate; 2-Propenoic acid, 3phenyl-, cyclohexyl ester Definition: Obtained from cyclohexanol and cinnamic acid Empirical: C15H18O2 Properties: Colorless visc. liq., solidifies when cold; fruity peach cherry almond odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 230.31; sp.gr. 1.054; m.p. 82.4 C; b.p. 195 C (12 mm) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Cyclohexyl disulfide; (Cyclohexyl) disulfide. See Dicyclohexyl disulfide Cyclohexylethyl acetate CAS 21722-83-8; EINECS/ELINCS 244-543-3 FEMA 2348 Synonyms: Acetic acid, cyclohexylethyl ester; Cyclohexaneethanol, acetate; Cyclohexane ethyl acetate; 2-Cyclohexylethyl acetate; Hexahydrophenethyl acetate; Hexahydrophenyl ethyl acetate Classification: Nonaromatic ester Definition: Obtained from the corresponding alcohol by acetylation with sodium acetate in acetic acid sol'n. Empirical: C10H18O2 Formula: CH3CO2CH2CH2C6H11 Properties: Colorless liq., sweet fruity odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 170.25; dens. 0.950; b.p. 104 C (15 mm); acid no. 1.0 max.; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flash pt. 178 F; ref. index 1.4470 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3200 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet, fruity, floral, green, raspberry, apple fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-Cyclohexylethyl acetate. See Cyclohexylethyl acetate Cyclohexyl formate CAS 4351-54-6; EINECS/ELINCS 224-415-3 FEMA 2353 Synonyms: Cyclohexanol formate; Cyclohexanyl formate; Formic acid cyclohexyl ester Empirical: C7H12O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fresh minty cherry-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 128.17; sp.gr. 0.990-0.999; b.p. 162-163 C; flash pt. (CC) 48 C; ref. index 1.4417 (24 C) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Flamm. liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, water NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area; keep away from ignition sources and open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; DOT nonregulated; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; City Chem. 1117

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.citychemical.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com Cyclohexyl isopentanoate. See Cyclohexyl isovalerate Cyclohexyl isovalerate CAS 7774-44-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-874-3 FEMA 2355 Synonyms: Cyclohexyl isopentanoate; Cyclohexyl 3-methylbutanoate Definition: Synthesized from cyclohexane and isovaleric acid in the presence of perchloric acid Empirical: C11H20O2 Properties: Colorless. cl. liq., apple-banana odor; m.w. 184.28; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.925; b.p. 223 C; flash pt. 192 F; ref. index 1.4410 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Cyclohexylmethanoic acid. See Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Cyclohexyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Cyclohexyl isovalerate Cyclohexyl β-phenylacrylate; Cyclohexyl 3phenylpropenoate. See Cyclohexyl cinnamate Cyclohexyl propanoate. See Cyclohexyl propionate Cyclohexyl propionate CAS 6222-35-1; EINECS/ELINCS 228-303-5 FEMA 2354 Synonyms: Cyclohexyl propanoate; Propanoic acid cyclohexyl ester; Propionic acid cyclohexyl ester Empirical: C9H16O2 Properties: Colorless. cl. liq.; apple-banana odor; m.w. 156.22; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.954; b.p. 72-73 C (10 mm); flash pt. 154 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

F; ref. index 1.4430 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Sweet banana, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Cyclohexylpropionic acid allyl ester. See Allyl cyclohexanepropionate Cyclohexyl sulfamate sodium. See Sodium cyclamate Cyclohexylsulfamic acid. See Cyclamic acid Cyclomaltoheptaose; Cyclomaltohexaose; Cyclomaltooctaose. See Cyclodextrin Cyclonol. See Trimethylcyclohexanol Cyclooctafluorobutane. See Octafluorocyclobutane Cyclopentadecanolide. See Pentadecalactone Cyclopentaneacetic acid, 3-oxo-2-(2-pentenyl)-, methyl ester. See Methyl jasmonate Cyclopentaneacetic acid, 3-oxo-2-pentyl-, methyl ester. See Methyl dihydrojasmonate Cyclopentanethiol CAS 1679-07-8 UN 1228 (DOT); UN 3071 (DOT); FEMA 3262 Synonyms: Cyclopentyl mercaptan; Cyclopentylthiol; Mercaptocyclopentane Classification: Sat. cyclic thioalcohol Empirical: C5H10S Properties: Liq.; foul, offensive odor; probably sol. in ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone, benzene, chloroform; probably insol. in water; m.w. 102.20; dens. 0.955 (20 C); b.p. 129-131 C (745 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 25 C; pH very sl. acidic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2680 mg/kg; human poison; ing. unlikely, but probably causes CNS depression; due to obnoxious odor, detectable before harmful airborne levels are reached; inh. may cause CNS depression; high concs. may cause convulsions, respiratory paralysis, coma, death; may cause mild eye and severe skin 1118

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx, hydrogen sulfide gas Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, soups, dairy prods., condiments, pickles, cereals Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Cyclopentanone CAS 120-92-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-435-9 UN 2245; FEMA 3910 Synonyms: Adipic ketone; Dumasin; Ketocyclopentane; Ketopentamethylene Empirical: C5H8O Properties: Liq.; agreeable odor, somewhat peppermint-like; sol. in acetone, alcohol, methanol, hexane; misc. with ether; insol. in water; m.w. 84.12; sp.gr. 0.94869 (20/4 C); m.p. -51.3 C; b.p. 130-131 C; flash pt. 30 C; ref. index 1.4366 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 1950 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., mouse) 2600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP and probably ing. and inh.; harmful liq.; severe eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous exposed to flame; can react with oxidizing agents; polymerizes easily, esp. in presence of acids NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in freezer; keep away from oxidizing materials Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; CU Chemie Uetikon http://www.uetikon.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; GuiZhou Essence http://www.eschemical.com; Inabata Am. http://www.inabataamerica.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com MP Biomedicals http://www.mpbio.com; Mallinckrodt Baker Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Riedel-deHaën http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Fluka ___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Riedel. html; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ 2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-. See 3-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-2-ol-1-one 2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 3-methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-, (Z)-. See cis-Jasmone Cyclopentimine. See Piperidine Cyclopentyl mercaptan; Cyclopentylthiol. See Cyclopentanethiol Cyclotene. See 3-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-2-ol-1one; Methyl cyclopentenolone Cycloyhexyl ketone. See Cyclohexanone Cydonia oblonga; Cydonia oblonga seed. See Quince (Pyrus cydonia) seed Cymbogon martini; Cymbogon martini extract. See Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) extract Cymbopogon citratus. See Lemongrass extract; Lemongrass oil West Indian Cymbopogon citratus extract. See Lemongrass extract Cymbopogon citratus oil. See Lemongrass oil West Indian Cymbopogon flexosus; Cymbopogon flexosus oil. See Lemongrass oil East Indian Cymbopogon lexuosus; Cymbopogon lexuosus extract. See Lemongrass extract Cymbopogon martini oil. See Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) oil Cymbopogon nardus; Cymbopogon nardus oil. See Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) oil Cymbopogon schoenanthus; Cymbopogon schoenanthus extract. See Lemongrass extract p-Cymen-7-carboxaldehyde. See pIsopropylphenylacetaldehyde Cymene. See p-Cymene p-Cymene CAS 99-87-6; EINECS/ELINCS 202-796-7 FEMA 2356 Synonyms: Benzene, 1-methyl-4-(1methylethyl)-; Cymene; Cymol; Dolcymene; 1119

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1-Isopropyl-4-methylbenzene; 4-Isopropyl1-methylbenzene; 4-Isopropyltoluene; pIsopropyltoluene; p-Methylcumene; 1Methyl-4-isopropylbenzene; pMethylisopropyl benzene; 1-Methyl-4-(1methylethyl) benzene; Paracymene; Paracymol Classification: Aromatic hydrocarbon Definition: Obtained chiefly from the wash water of sulfite paper Empirical: C10H14 Formula: (CH3)2CHC6H4CH3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., odorless; sol. in alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 134.24; dens. 0.853; m.p. -68 C; b.p. 176 C; flash pt. (CC) 117 F; ref. index 1.489 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4750 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; human CNS effects at low doses; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. or combustible liq.; sl. explosion hazard in vapor form Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium

p-Cymen-8-ol. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol Cymol. See p-Cymene Cymophenol. See Carvacrol p-Cymyl propanal. See 3-(p-Isopropylphenyl) propionaldehyde Cynara scolymus; Cynara scolymus extract. See Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) extract Cystein; Cysteine (INCI). See L-Cysteine

p-Cymene-7-carboxaldehyde. See pIsopropylphenylacetaldehyde 2-p-Cymenol. See Carvacrol 3-p-Cymenol. See Thymol 8-p-Cymenol. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol p-Cymen-3-ol. See Thymol p-Cymen-7-ol. See Cuminic alcohol

L-Cysteine CAS 52-90-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-158-2 FEMA 3263; INS920; E920 Synonyms: L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid; (+)-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid; α-Amino-β-thiopropionic acid; L-2Amino-3-thiopropionic acid; Cystein; Cysteine (INCI); 3,3´-Dithiobis (2aminopropanoic acid); β-Mercaptoalanine; L-β-Mercaptoalanine; Tioserine Classification: A nonessential amino acid Empirical: C3H7NO2S Formula: HSCH2CH(NH2)COOH Properties: Colorless cryst.; sol. in water, ammonium hydroxide, acetic acid; insol. in ether, acetone, benzene, carbon disulfide, CCl4; m.w. 121.16; m.p. 220 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1870 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1620 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 1550 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP, subcut. routes; irritant; harmful solid; human mutagenic data; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of SOx and NOx Storage: Refrigerate Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavor enhancer, reducing agent, dough strengthener in foods, yeast-leavened baked goods and mixes; reducing agent in bread doughs Features: Supplies up to 0.009 part of total Lcysteine/100 parts flour in dough Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320 (2.3% max. by wt.), 184.1271, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for injectables; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Bachem http://bachem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Nippon Rikagakuyakuhin http://www.nipponrika.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com Trade Names Containing: Assist LC-5; Cain's PDC (Pizza Dough Conditioner); CDC-10A; CDC-10A (NB) Cysteine chlorhydrate. See Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous Cysteine chlorhydrate monohydrate. See Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate Cysteine disulfide. See L-Cystine Cysteine HCl (INCI). See Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous Cysteine HCl monohydrate. See Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate Cysteine hydrochloride; L-Cysteine hydrochloride. See Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous CAS 52-89-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-157-7 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

INS920 Synonyms: L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid monohydrochloride; Cysteine chlorhydrate; Cysteine HCl (INCI); Cysteine hydrochloride; L-Cysteine hydrochloride; LCysteine hydrochloride anhydrous; LCysteine monohydrochloride Classification: Hydrochloride of an amino acid Empirical: C3H7NO2S • HCl Formula: HSCH2CH(NH2)COOH • HCl Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., char. acetic taste; sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 157.62; m.p. 175 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 1250 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 771 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP, IV routes; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, SOx, and Cl– Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, dough strengthener, flour treatment agent, flavoring agent for yeastleavened baked goods, baking mixes Features: Supplies up to 0.009 parts total Lcysteine/100 parts of flour in dough Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, limitation 2.3%, 184.1272, GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns. Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Bachem http://bachem.com Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com 1121

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/ Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Nippon Rikagakuyakuhin http://www.nipponrika.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Paulaur http://www.paulaur.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com Trade Names Containing: Bagel Base; Crust EZE; Do Sure; Panicrust LC K L-Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous. See Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate CAS 7048-04-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-157-7 INS920 Synonyms: L-2-Amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid monohydrochloride monohydrate; Cysteine chlorhydrate monohydrate; Cysteine HCl monohydrate; L-Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate; L-Cysteine monohydrochloride monohydrate Empirical: C3H7NO2S • HCl • H2O Formula: HSCH2CH(NH2)COOH • HCl • H2O Properties: Colorless to wh. powd.; sol. in water, alcohol, acetone; insol. in ether; m.w. 175.64 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; approved for injectables Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; Flamma Spa http://www.flamma.it Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tanabe Seiyaku http://www.tanabe.co.jp/english Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com L-Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate. See Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate L-Cysteine monohydrochloride. See Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous L-Cysteine monohydrochloride monohydrate. See Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate 1122

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Cystin; Cystine (INCI). See L-Cystine L-Cystine CAS 56-89-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-296-3 INS921 Synonyms: Cysteine disulfide; Cystin; Cystine (INCI); Cystine acid; Di(α-amino-βthiolpropionic acid); Dicysteine; β,β´Dithiobisalanine; 3,3´-Dithiobis (2aminopropionic acid); (-)-3,3´-Dithiobis (2aminopropionic acid); β,β-Dithiodialanine; Gelucystine; Oxidized L-cysteine Classification: Amino acid Empirical: C6H12N2O4S2 Formula: HOOCCH(NH2)CH2SSCH2CH(NH2)COOH Properties: Colorless to wh. hexagonal tablets; sol. in hot water, min. acids, aq. alkali; sl. sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 240.30; dec. 260-261 C Toxicology: LDLo (oral, rat) 25 g/kg; low toxicity by ing.; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx and SOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flour treatment agent, dough strengthener in foods; flavoring agent (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, 2.3% max.; 184.1271; GRAS 0.009 parts/100 parts flour max.; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Am. Biorganics; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Bachem http://bachem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com Cystine acid. See L-Cystine Dakins sol'n. See Sodium hypochlorite Dalmatian sage oil. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil Dalmatian sage oleoresin. See Oleoresin sage Damar; Damar gum; Damar (Shorea robusta) (INCI). See Dammar Damascenone. See β-Damascenone β-Damascenone CAS 23696-85-7; EINECS/ELINCS 245-833-2 UN 1197; FEMA 3420 Synonyms: 2-Buten-1-one, 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl1,3-cyclohexadien-1-yl)-; Damascenone; trans-Damascenone; Trimethyl cyclohexadienyl butenone; 4-(2,6,6Trimethyl cyclohexa-1,3-dienyl) but-2-en-4one Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C13H18O Properties: Colorless to yel. liq.; sweet fruity odor and flavor; sol. in alcohol, water, oil, 1123

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference propylene glycol; m.w. 190.28; sp.gr. 0.9460.952; vapor dens. > 1; b.p. 78 C; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref. index 1.51-1.514; acid value 0-1 Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh. skin contact; irritating to eyes, respiratory tract, mucous membranes; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, beverages Features: Constituent of tobacco, tea and rose oils Regulatory: Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/ GuiZhou Essence http://www.eschemical.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Organica Aromatics http://www.organicaaroma.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com trans-Damascenone. See β-Damascenone Damiana; Damiana leaf; Damiana leaves. See Damiana (Turnera diffusa) Damiana (Turnera diffusa) CAS 977000-85-3 Synonyms: Damiana; Damiana leaf; Damiana leaves; Turnera diffusa; Turnera diffusa leaves Definition: Leaves of Turnera diffusa Properties: Bitter tonic, aromatic Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, liqueurs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Dammar CAS 9000-16-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-528-4 Synonyms: Damar; Damar gum; Damar (Shorea robusta) (INCI); Gum Damar; Gum Dammar; Gum, Shorea Robusta; Shorea robusta gum Definition: Exuded oleoresin from Shorea trees Properties: Wh. to dk. brn. solid; sol. in aromatic, hydrocarbon, and chlorinated hydrocarbon solvs. and esters; partly sol. in alcohols; insol. in water; dens. ≈ 1.08 kg/l; m.p. ≈ 110 C; acid no. 20-35 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Keep away from heat and sources of ignition; empty containers pose a fire risk, evaporate the residue under a fume hood; Wear splash goggles, full protective suit, dust respirator, gloves, and boots HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool dry place; ground all material containing the material Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer in foods; diluent in food colorants Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 175.105, 175.300, 177.1200, 177.1400; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alland & Robert http://www.allandetrobert.fr; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Scheel http://www.scheelcorp.com/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk Trade Names: Resinogum DD Dandelion extract; Dandelion fluid extract. See Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract Dandelion root. See Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) root Dandelion root extract, solid. See Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract CAS 68990-74-9; 84775-55-3; 977038-71-3; EINECS/ELINCS 273-624-6 FEMA 2357, 2358 Synonyms: Dandelion extract; Dandelion fluid 1124

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference extract; Dandelion root extract, solid; Taraxacum extract; Taraxacum officinale; Taraxacum officinale extract Definition: Extract of rhizomes and roots of Taraxacum officinale Properties: Bitter tonic, aromatic Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) root Synonyms: Dandelion root; Taraxacum; Taraxacum officinale; Taraxacum officinale root Definition: Dried rhizome and roots of Taraxacum officinale Properties: Bitter tonic, aromatic Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Herbarium; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Stryka Botanics http://www.stryka.com Whole Herb http://www.wholeherbcompany.com/ Danish agar. See Furcelleran DAP. See Ammonium phosphate, dibasic DATEM. See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Daucus carota. See Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) juice; Carrot (Daucus carota) seed extract; Carrot (Daucus carota) extract; Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil Daucus carota extract. See Carrot (Daucus carota) seed extract Daucus carota juice. See Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) juice Daucus carota sativa extract. See Carrot (Daucus carota) extract Daucus carota sativa juice. See Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) juice Daucus oil. See Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil Davana (Artemisia pallens) oil CAS 8016-03-3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 2359 Synonyms: Artemesia pallens oil; Artemisia pallens; Artemisia pallens oil; Davana oil Definition: Oil derived from Artemisia pallens Properties: Pale yel. to yel.-brown liq.; strong penetrating green odor; sp. gr. 0.942000.97030; ref. index 1.47900-1.49100 Toxicology: Mod. skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS (oil); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Davana oil. See Davana (Artemisia pallens) oil DBNPA. See 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide DBPC. See BHT DBS. See Dibutyl sebacate D&C Blue No. 4. See FD&C Blue No. 1; Acid blue 9 DCCNa. See Sodium dichloroisocyanurate 1,2-DCE. See Ethylene dichloride DCM. See Methylene chloride DCP-0. See Calcium phosphate dibasic DCP-2. See Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate D&C Red No. 2. See Amaranth D&C Red No. 3. See FD&C Red No. 3 D&C Red No. 7 calcium lake Definition: Insoluble pigment composed of the calcium salt of D&C Red No. 7 extended on appropriate substrate Uses: Colorant in foods 1125

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §81.1, 82.1051 Manuf./Distrib.: HallStar http://www.hallstar.com D&C Red No. 15. See Ponceau 3R D&C Yellow No. 5. See FD&C Yellow No. 5; Tartrazine D&C Yellow No. 5 aluminum lake Definition: Insoluble pigment composed of the aluminum salt of FD&C Yellow No. 5 extended on an appropriate substrate Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §81.1, 82.1051 D&C Yellow No. 10. See Acid yellow 3 Deadburned magnesite. See Magnesium oxide DEAE-cellulose. See Diethylaminoethyl cellulose Deanol. See Dimethylethanolamine Debricin. See Ficin 2,4-Decadienoic acid, ethyl ester, (E,Z)-. See Ethyl decadienoate Decaglycerin dioleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 dioleate Decaglycerin distearate. See Polyglyceryl-10 distearate Decaglycerin monoisostearate. See Polyglyceryl-10 isostearate Decaglycerin monolaurate. See Polyglyceryl-10 laurate Decaglycerin monolinoleate. See Polyglyceryl10 linoleate Decaglycerin monomyristate. See Polyglyceryl10 myristate Decaglycerin monooleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 oleate Decaglycerin monostearate. See Polyglyceryl10 stearate Decaglycerin pentaoleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 pentaoleate Decaglycerin trioleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 trioleate Decaglycerin tristearate. See Polyglyceryl-10 tristearate Decaglycerol behenate. See Polyglyceryl-10 behenate Decaglycerol decaoleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate Decaglycerol decastearate. See Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate Decaglycerol dioleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 dioleate Decaglycerol erucate. See Polyglyceryl-10 erucate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Decaglycerol monolaurate. See Polyglyceryl-10 laurate Decaglycerol monoleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 oleate Decaglycerol octaoleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 octaoleate Decaglycerol stearate. See Polyglyceryl-10 stearate Decaglycerol tetraoleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate Decaglyceryl behenate. See Polyglyceryl-10 behenate Decaglyceryl decaoleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate Decaglyceryl decastearate. See Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate Decaglyceryl diisostearate. See Polyglyceryl-10 diisostearate Decaglyceryl dioleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 dioleate Decaglyceryl dipalmitate. See Polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate Decaglyceryl distearate. See Polyglyceryl-10 distearate Decaglyceryl erucate. See Polyglyceryl-10 erucate Decaglyceryl hexaoleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate Decaglyceryl monoisostearate. See Polyglyceryl-10 isostearate Decaglyceryl monolaurate. See Polyglyceryl-10 laurate Decaglyceryl monooleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 oleate Decaglyceryl monostearate. See Polyglyceryl10 stearate Decaglyceryl octaoleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 octaoleate Decaglyceryl stearate. See Polyglyceryl-10 stearate Decaglyceryl tetraoleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate Decaglyceryl trioleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 trioleate Decaglyceryl tristearate. See Polyglyceryl-10 tristearate [1S-(1-α,4-α,4a-α,6-α,8-[gab]]-Decahydro-1,6dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl) naphthalene, didehydro deriv. See Cadinene Decahydro-2,2,4,8-tetramethyl-4,8methanoazulen-9-ol. See Caryophyllene alcohol 1126

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference [GD]-Decalactone CAS 705-86-2; EINECS/ELINCS 211-889-1 FEMA 2361 Synonyms: Amyl-[GD]-valerolactone; Decanolide-1,5; Decan-5-olide Classification: Heterocyclic compd.; lactone Empirical: C10H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq., coconut fruity odor, butter-like on dilution; very sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 170.28; dens. 0.954; m.p. -27 C; b.p. 117-120 C (0.02 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.456-1.459 Toxicology: LD (oral, rat) > 4300 mg/kg; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, toppings, oleomargarine Features: Coconut, peach-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; GuiZhou Essence http://www.eschemical.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp ε-Decalactone. See Butyloxepanone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

γ-Decalactone CAS 706-14-9; EINECS/ELINCS 211-892-8 FEMA 2360 Synonyms: γ-N-Decalactone; Decanolide-1,4; γ-N-Hexyl-γ-butyrolactone; 5-Hexyldihydro2(3H)-furanone; 4-Hydroxydecanoic acid lactone; 4-Hydroxydecanoic acid, γ-lactone; Hydroxydecanoic acid-γ-lactone Classification: Nonaromatic lactone Empirical: C10H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity peach odor; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 170.25 dens. 0.952; b.p. 281 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4490 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 56 mg/kg; poison by IV route; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds, public waters Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Peach-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aromor Flavors & Fragrances http://www.aromor.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. 1127

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com γ-N-Decalactone. See γ-Decalactone Decanal CAS 112-31-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-957-4 FEMA 2362 Synonyms: Aldehyde C10; C10 aldehyde; Capraldehyde; Capric aldehyde; Caprinaldehyde; n-Decanal; Decyl aldehyde; 1-Decyl aldehyde; n-Decyl aldehyde; Decylic aldehyde Empirical: C10H20O Formula: CH3(CH2)8CH3 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq., floral fatty odor; sol. in 80% alcohol, fixed oils, volatile oils, min. oils; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 156.30; dens. 0.830 (15/4 C); m.p. 17-18 c; b.p. 208 C; flash pt. 185 F; ref. index 1.42601.4300 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5040 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; severe skin irritant; mutagenic data; risk of serious damage to eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant, and fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Citrus, wax-like, orange-peel fragrance and flavor; fresh citrus-like on dilution Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Trade Names Containing: Grapefruit Artificial Flavor 4115 See also Undecanal n-Decanal. See Decanal Decanal dimethyl acetal CAS 7779-41-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-928-6 FEMA 2363 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-10 dimethyl acetal; Capraldehyde dimethyl acetal; Decylaldehyde DMA; 1,1-Dimethoxy decane; 10,10-Dimethoxydecane Classification: Nonaromatic acetal Definition: Synthesized from decanal and methyl alcohol Empirical: C12H26O2 Properties: Colorless liq., citrus-floral odor, brandy cognac flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 202.34; dens. 0.830 (15.5 C); b.p. 218 C; flash pt. (CC) 62 C; ref. index 1.4244 (24 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; skin irritant; harmful by inh., ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. 1128

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com See also Decyl alcohol 1-Decanamminium, N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl chloride. See Didecyldimonium chloride 1-Decanecarboxylic acid. See Undecanoic acid Decanedioic acid, dibutyl ester. See Dibutyl sebacate Decanoic acid; n-Decanoic acid. See Capric acid Decanoic acid, diester with 1,2,3-propanetriol. See Glyceryl dicaprate Decanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl decanoate Decanoic acid 3-methyl butyl ester. See Isoamyl caprate Decanoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl caprate Decanoic acid, 1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl ester. See Propylene glycol dicaprate Decanoic acid, 1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl ester mixed with 1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl dioctanoate; Decanoic acid, mixed diesters with octanoic acid and propylene glycol. See Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate Decanoic acid, mixed pentaesters with octadecanoic acid and triglycerol. See Triglycerol penta(caprylate-caprate) Decanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl caprate Decanoic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium caprate n-Decanoic acid, 1,3-propanediyl ester. See Propylene glycol dicaprate Decanoic acid propyl ester. See Propyl caprate Decanoic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium caprate Decanol; 1-Decanol; Decan-1-ol; n-Decanol. See Decyl alcohol Decanolide-1,4. See γ-Decalactone Decanolide-1,5; Decan-5-olide. See ΔDecalactone 6-Decanolide. See Butyloxepanone 3-Decanone CAS 928-80-3; EINECS/ELINCS 213-183-9 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 3966 Synonyms: Decan-3-one; Ethyl heptyl ketone Empirical: C10H20O Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 156.27; dens. 0.825; m.p. -4 to -3 C; b.p. 204-205 C; flash pt. 80 F; 1.4220-1.4320 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Citrus, orange flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Apollo Scientific http://www.apolloscientific.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Decan-3-one. See 3-Decanone Decanyl acetate. See Decyl acetate Decaoleic acid, decaester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate 2-Decenal CAS 3913-71-1; EINECS/ELINCS 223-472-1 FEMA 2366 Synonyms: Decenaldehyde; Decylenic aldehyde Classification: Aliphatic higher aldehyde Empirical: C10H18O Formula: CH3(CH2)6CH=CHCHO Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; fatty orange rose floral grn. odor; fatty fried taste; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 154.25; sp.gr. 0.836-0.846; b.p. 228-230 C; ref. index 1.452-1.457 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by skin contact; mildly toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japapn approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com 1129

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ 4-Decenal; 4-cis-Decenal. See cis-4-Decen-1-al 9-Decenal CAS 39770-05-3; EINECS/ELINCS 254-624-5 FEMA 3912 Synonyms: Dec-9-enal; 9-Decen-1-al Properties: Cl. colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 154.25; sp. gr. 0.8410-0.8425; b.p. 211 C; flash pt. (TCC) 208 F; ref. index 1.4200-1.4500 Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Features: Aldehydic dewy rose, waxy, floral odor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Dec-9-enal; 9-Decen-1-al. See 9-Decenal cis-4-Decenal. See cis-4-Decen-1-al cis-4-Decen-1-al CAS 21662-09-9; EINECS/ELINCS 244-514-5 FEMA 3264 Synonyms: 4-Decenal; 4-cis-Decenal; cis-4Decenal; (Z)-4-Decenal Classification: Nonaromatic aldehyde Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., orange-like fatty odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 154.28; dens. 0.847-0.848; b.p. 78-80 C (10 mm); ref. index 1.442-1.444 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 5 g/kg, (skin, guinea pig) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Orange-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com (E)-2-Decenal; (E)-2-Decen-1-al. See trans-2Decenal (E)-4-Decenal. See trans-4-Decenal trans-2-Decenal CAS 3913-81-3; EINECS/ELINCS 223-474-2 FEMA 2366 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: (E)-2-Decenal; (E)-2-Decen-1-al; trans-2-Decen-1-al Classification: Aliphatic higher aldehyde Empirical: C10H18O Formula: CH3(CH2)6CH=CHCHO Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; herbaceous fruity fatty citrus orange peel odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 154.25; spgr. 0.836-0.850; dens. 6.956-7.040 lb/gal; b.p. 228-230 C; flash pt. (CC) 78 C; ref. index 1.454-1.458 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin; defats the skin; ing. may cause stomach pain or vomiting Environmental: Prevent contamination of water sources or sewer Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong alkalis Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep container tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com trans-2-Decen-1-al. See trans-2-Decenal trans-4-Decenal CAS 65405-70-1; EINECS/ELINCS 265-741-6 Synonyms: (E)-4-Decenal; trans-4-Decen-1-al Empirical: C10H18O Formula: CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH2CHO Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; fresh fruity citrus odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 154.25; sp.gr. 0.835-0.845; b.p. 105 C (10 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 78 C; ref. index 1.440-1.450 920 C) Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; vapor/mists irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; TSCA listed 1130

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf.-waters Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat, ignition sources, naked flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods (orange, tangerine, mandarin flavors) Use Level: Traces-1% Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; DSL, AICS, China listed Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com trans-4-Decen-1-al. See trans-4-Decenal (Z)-4-Decenal. See cis-4-Decen-1-al Decenaldehyde. See 2-Decenal Decene-1 CAS 872-05-9; EINECS/ELINCS 212-819-2 UN 1993 Synonyms: 1-Decene; Decylene; Linear C10 alpha olefin Empirical: C10H20 Formula: H2C:CH(CH2)7CH3 Properties: Colorless liq., mild hydrocarbon odor; sol. in alcohol, most org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 140.27; dens. 0.741 (20/4 C); f.p. 66.3 C; b.p. 166-171 C; flash pt. (Seta) 114 F; ref. index 1.421 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral) > 10,000 mg/kg, (dermal) > 10, 000 mg/kg; low acute inhalation toxicity; sl. toxic by ingestion Precaution: Flamm. liq.; avoid contact with air or oxygen (explosion danger, adverse effect on subsequent reactions) NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Intermediate for flavors Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Shell Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 1-Decene. See Decene-1 Decene, homopolymer. See Polydecene 2-Decenoic acid butyl ester. See Butyl 2decenoate 3-Decen-2-one CAS 10519-33-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-059-0 FEMA 3532 Synonyms: Heptylidene acetone; Oenanthylidene acetone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Needles, fruity-floral jasmine-like odor; sol. in alcohol, perfume oils; insol. in water; m.w. 154.25; m.p. 16-17 C; b.p. 125126 C (12 mm) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Decoic acid; n-Decoic acid. See Capric acid Decolorizing carbon. See Carbon, activated Decyl acetate CAS 112-17-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-942-2 FEMA 2367 Synonyms: Acetate C-10; Capryl acetate; Decanyl acetate; Decyl ethanoate Definition: Synthesized by direct acetylation of ndecanol with acetic acid Empirical: C12H24O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)9OOCCH3 Properties: Liq., floral orange-rose odor; sol. in 80% alcohol, ether, benzene; insol. in water; m.w. 200.32; dens. 0.862-0.866; b.p. 187-190 C; flash pt. > 140 C; ref. index 1.4250-1.4300 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Orange-, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. 1131

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium 3-Decylacrolein. See 2-Tridecenal Decyl alcohol CAS 112-30-1; 68526-85-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-956-9 FEMA 2365 Synonyms: Alcohol C10; C10 alcohol; Capric alcohol; Caprinic alcohol; Decanal dimethyl acetal; Decanol; 1-Decanol; Decan-1-ol; nDecanol; n-Decyl alcohol; Decylic alcohol; 1-Hydroxydecane; Noncarbinol; Nonylcarbinol; Primary decyl alcohol Classification: Primary aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C10H22O Formula: CH3(CH2)8CH2OH Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. mod. visc. liq., sweet odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, chloroform, acetic acid; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 158.32; sp.gr. 0.8297 (20/4 C); m.p. 7 C; b.p. 232.9 C; flash pt. (OC) 82 C; ref. index 1.43587; surf. tens. 28.9 dynes/cm (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4720 mg/kg; mod. toxic by skin contact; mildly toxic by ing., inh.; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; inh. may cause nose/throat irritation; high concs. may cause CNS depression, headache, nausea, drowsiness; ing. may cause headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and unconsciousness or coma in severe cases; if aspirated into lungs, may cause severe lung damage and possibly death; possible carcinogen, tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; flamm. when exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with oxidizing agents (increases fire/explosion risk) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

chewing gum; intermediate Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.864, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1390, 178.3480, 178.3910; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; M. Michel http://www.mmichel.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/ Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ See also Decanal dimethyl acetal n-Decyl alcohol. See Decyl alcohol Decyl aldehyde. See Decanal 1-Decyl aldehyde; n-Decyl aldehyde. See Decanal Decylaldehyde DMA. See Decanal dimethyl acetal Decylbenzene sodium sulfonate; Decylbenzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium decylbenzene sulfonate Decyl butanoate. See Decyl butyrate

1132

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Decyl butyrate CAS 5454-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 226-700-8 FEMA 2368 Synonyms: Butanoic acid decyl ester; Butyric acid decyl ester; Decyl butanoate Empirical: C14H28O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2CO2(CH2)9CH3 Properties: Oily liq., apricot-like odor; m.w. 228.37; dens. 0.862; b.p. 134-135 C (8 mm); flash pt. > 230 F Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Decyl carbinol. See Undecyl alcohol N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-decanaminium chloride. See Didecyldimonium chloride Decylene. See Decene-1 Decylenic aldehyde. See 2-Decenal Decyl ethanoate. See Decyl acetate Decylic acid; n-Decylic acid. See Capric acid Decylic alcohol. See Decyl alcohol Decylic aldehyde. See Decanal Decyl octyl alcohol. See Stearyl alcohol Decyl propanoate. See Decyl propionate Decyl propionate CAS 5454-19-3; EINECS/ELINCS 226-703-4 FEMA 2369 Synonyms: Capryl propionate; Decyl propanoate Empirical: C13H26O2 Properties: Liq., ethereal rum fruity odor; m.w. 214.35; dens. 0.864; b.p. 123-134 C (8 mm); flash pt. 225 F; ref. index 1.4291 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Degras. See Lanolin DEHP. See s-Dioctyl phthalate Dehydracetic acid. See Dehydroacetic acid Dehydrated beets. See Beet powder Dehydroacetic acid CAS 520-45-6; 771-03-9; EINECS/ELINCS 208293-9; 212-227-4 INS265 Synonyms: 3-Acetyl-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-4hexenoic acid [GD]-lactone; 3-Acetyl-6methyl-1,2-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione; 3-Acetyl-6methyl-2,4-pyrandione; 3-Acetyl-6methylpyrandione-2,4; 3-Acetyl-6-methyl2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione; Dehydracetic acid; DHA; DHS; Methylacetopyronone Classification: Cyclic ketone Empirical: C8H8O4 Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd.; sol. in oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 168.16; vapor pressure 1 mm (91.7 C); m.p. 109-111 C; b.p. 269 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 922 mg/kg; poison by ing. and IV routes; mod. toxic by IP route; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Preservative for cut or peeled squash Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.130, 65 ppm max. residue in or on prepared squash, GRAS; 175.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Goldlink Industries http://www.goldlinkindustries.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Dehydroacetic acid sodium salt. See Sodium 1133

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference dehydroacetate 7-Dehydrocholesterol. See Cholecalciferol Dehydro p-cymene. See p-α-Dimethylstyrene Dehydroxymenthofurolactone. See Menthalactone Deionized water. See Water DEK. See Diethyl ketone Delphinic acid. See Isovaleric acid (+)-delta-Tocopherol. See d-δ-Tocopherol DEM. See Diethyl malonate Denatonium benzoate CAS 3734-33-6 (anhyd.); 86398-53-0 (monohydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 223-095-2 Synonyms: Ammonium, benzyldiethyl ((2,6xylylcarbamoyl) methyl)-, benzoate; Benzenemethanaminium, N-(2-((2,6dimethylphenyl) amino)-2-oxoethyl)-N,Ndiethyl-, benzoate; Benzyldiethyl [(2,6xylylcarbomoyl) methyl] ammonium benzoate; N-[2-[(2,6-Dimethylphenyl) amino]-2-oxoethyl]-N,Ndiethylbenzenemethanaminium benzoate; Lignocaine benzyl benzoate Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C28H34N2O3; C28H34N2O3 • H2O Formula: C21H29N2O • C7H5O2 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless, extremely bitter taste; very sol. in chloroform, methanol; sol. in water, alcohol; sparingly sol. in acetone; pract. insol. in ether; m.w. 446.59 (anhyd.); m.p. 174-176 C; pH 6.5-7.5 (3%) Toxicology: Anhyd.: LD50 (oral, rat) 584 mg/kg; harmful solid; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx Storage: Hygroscopic (anhyd.) Uses: Aversive bitterant added to toxic substances as a deterrent to ingestion Regulatory: FDA 27CFR §21.151; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; B.I. Chems.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com Burlington Bio-Medical; Ceres Chem. http://www.cereschemical.com/; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Macfarlan Smith http://www.macsmith.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Sentinalco http://www.denatonium.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Deodorized kerosene CAS 8008-20-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-366-4 UN 1223 (DOT) Synonyms: Kerosene, deodorized; Kerosene, odorless; Odorless kerosene Definition: Mixt. of petrol.-derived hydrocarbons contg. 10 to 16 carbon atoms Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq. HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Uses: Solvent, defoamer in froth flotation of vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.200, 176.210 Manuf./Distrib.: Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Trade Names: PD-23 Deodorized winterized cottonseed oil. See Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil β-D-2-o-(6-Deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)-3,5dihydroxy-4-(3-hydroxy-4methoxyhydrocinnamoyl) phenyl glucopyranoside; 1-[4-[[2-o-(6-Deoxy-α-Lmannopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] oxy]2,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4methoxyphenyl)-1-propanone. See Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone 6-Deoxy-L-mannose. See Rhamnose Deoxytetraric acid. See N-Hydroxysuccinic acid 4-Deoxytetronic acid. See Butyrolactone DEP. See Diethyl phthalate DETA. See Diethylenetriamine Detergent enzyme. See Protease Devil's dung. See Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum Devitalized wheat gluten. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Dewberry extract. See Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract Dexpanthenol. See D-Panthenol; DL-Panthenol Dextran CAS 9004-54-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-677-5 Synonyms: Glucose polymer; Macrose Definition: Polymers of glucose with chain-like 1134

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference structures and m.w. to 200,000 Empirical: (C6H10O5)n Properties: Wh. crystalline solid; water-sol.; m.w. ≈ 15,000-200,000 Toxicology: Histamine-releasing props.; may cause anaphylactoid reactions; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; avoid heat and moisture Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes, COx Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Food additive; in soft center confections; as partial substitute for barley malt; thickener, stabilizer in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §186.1275, GRAS as indirect additive; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Accurate Chem. & Scientific http://www.accuratechemical.com; Am. Biorganics; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Dextranase CAS 9025-70-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-803-9 Classification: Enzyme Definition: From Penicillium lilacinum Uses: Natural enzyme for foods Regulatory: UK, Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Dextranase L Amano Dextrans. See Dextrin Dextrin CAS 9004-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-675-4 INS1400 Synonyms: Artificial gum; British gum; Corn dextrin; Dextrans; Dextrin corn; Dextrine; Dextrins; Pyrodextrin; Starch gum; Tapioca; Vegetable gum; White dextrin; Yellow dextrin Classification: Food starch modified Definition: Gum produced by incomplete Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

hydrolysis of starch Empirical: (C6H10O5)n • xH2O Properties: Wh., yel. or brn. powd. or gran.; odorless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, ether; forms colloids; sp.gr. 1.45; autoignition temp. 400 C Toxicology: ACGIH 10 mg/m3 (total dust); LD50 (IV, mouse) 350 mg(Fe)/kg; mildly toxic by IV route; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause irritation; if inhaled in sufficient amts., nuisance particulate will evoke some reversible cellular response in the lungs; TSCA listed Precaution: Potentially explosive as dust; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; avoid excessive temps., excessive dusting Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from moisture; store @ R.T. in cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, heat, incompat. materials; keep container closed Uses: Direct food additive; binder, colloidal stabilizer, extender, formulation aid, processing aid, surface-finishing agent, thickener for foods, pasta, pizza dough, confections, snacks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1277, 186.1275, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; FDA approved for orals, topicals; DOT nonregulated; SARA §302/311/312/313 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 nonreportable; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Avebe http://www.avebe.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com 1135

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com; Roquette UK; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com Trade Names: Nadex® 772; Nutriose® FB06; PenCling® 720B; Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12 Trade Names Containing: Beta Carotene 1% CWS; Cargill DrySet™ 07702; Crispcoat™ UC; DARILOID®; Encapsul® 855 Hentex-30; Hentex-30A; Lactarin® MV-306; Lactarin® MV-308; MoisturLok® Liquid MoisturLok® Powder; National® 46; TIC Pretested® Aragum® 9000 M Powder Dextrin corn; Dextrine; Dextrins. See Dextrin Dextro-limonene. See d-Limonene Dextronic acid. See D-Gluconic acid Dextrose; α-Dextrose. See Glucose Dextrose monohydrate. See D-Glucose monohydrate; D-(+)-Glucose monohydrate Dextrosol. See Glucose DHA. See Docosahexaenoic acid; Dehydroacetic acid DHA-Na. See Sodium dehydroacetate DHS. See Dehydroacetic acid Diacetic ether. See Ethylacetoacetate Diacetyl CAS 431-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 207-069-8 UN 2346 (DOT); FEMA 2370 Synonyms: Biacetyl; Butadione; Butanedione; 2,3-Butanedione; 2,3-Diketobutane; Dimethyl diketone; Dimethylglyoxal Classification: Ketone Empirical: C4H6O2 Formula: CH3COCOCH3 Properties: Yel. to greenish-yel. liq., strong rancid butter odor; sol. in glycerin, water; misc. with alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; m.w. 86.10; dens. 0.9904 (15/15 C); b.p. 88 C; flash pt. 80 F; ref. index 1.393-1.397 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, guinea pig) 990 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 400 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Direct food additive; aroma carrier, flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, shortening, margarine; gelatin hardening agent Features: Pungent, sweet, butter-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1278, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com Chemtura/Olefins & Styrenics; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Diacetylated monoglyceride. See Diacetylated monoglycerides Diacetylated monoglycerides Synonyms: Diacetylated monoglyceride Definition: Glycerin esterified with edible fatforming fatty acids and acetic acid Properties: Clear liq.; sol. in 80% aq. alcohol, veg. and min. oils; acid no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 365-395; hyd. no. 15 max. Storage: Preserve in tight, light-resist. containers Regulatory: FDA approved for orals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: R.T. http://www.rt-corp.com Trade Names: Dynacet® 285 Diacetylated tartaric acid ester glycerides. See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Diacetyl ether. See Ethylacetoacetate Diacetyl fatty acid monoglyceride tartrate. See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and 1136

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference diglycerides Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides CAS 91052-81-2; 977051-29-8 FEMA 4092; INS472e; E472f Synonyms: DATEM; Diacetylated tartaric acid ester glycerides; Diacetyl fatty acid monoglyceride tartrate; Diacetyltartaric and fatty acid esters of glycerol; Mono- and diglycerides, diacetyl tartaric acid esters; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids esterified with mono- and diacetyltartaric acid Definition: Esters of glycerol with mono- and diacetyl tartaric acids and fatty acids Properties: Sticky visc. liqs., amber paste, ivory to yel. waxy flake or powd.; sol. in methanol, ethanol, acetone; disp. in cold and hot water; m.p. 15-43 C; HLB 8.0; Nonionic Precaution: Hydrolyzes in moist air to liberate acetic acid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, sequestrant, flavoring agent for foods, baked goods, mixes, beverages, coffee whiteners, confections, dairy prods., frostings, margarine, oils, chewing gum, meat and poultry prods., emulsified sauces; antistaling agent; starch complexing agent; controls starch gelation; dough conditioner for baked goods, esp. yeast-leavened prods.; carrier or solvent for colors and food antioxidants Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 184.1101, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 0.5% in margarine; 381.147; ADI 0-50 mg/kg body wt. Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fitltd.com Trade Names: Admul Datem 1005; Crodatem L; Imwitor® 1327 GR; Imwitor® 1339; Imwitor® 2020 Panodan™ 235; Panodan™ FDP; Panodan™ FDP Kosher; Panodan™ SDK Trade Names Containing: 21825 Bacom; Bealite™ 3558; CDC-10A; CDC-10A (NB); CDC-50

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CDC-2001; CDC-2500; Crust EZE; Dependox AXC; Doughmaker Doughmaker 4; Doughmaker 5; Panodan™ 120 Series; Panodan™ 140 Series; Panodan™ 150 Panodan™ 150 Kosher; Panodan™ 205; Panodan™ 205 K Diacetyltartaric and fatty acid esters of glycerol. See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride CAS 68514-95-4; 977065-95-4 Synonyms: Dimethyl dialkyl ammonium chloride Properties: Cationic Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Decolorizer in clarification of refinery sugar liquors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.400, 177.1200 Diallyl disulfide. See Allyl disulfide Diallyl monosulfide; Diallyl sulfide; Diallylthioether. See Allyl sulfide Diallyl trisulfide CAS 2050-87-5; EINECS/ELINCS 218-107-8 FEMA 3265 Synonyms: Allyl trisulfide; Allyl trisulphide; Prop-2-enyl-trithio prop-2-ene Empirical: C6H10S3 Properties: Yel. liq.; garlic, onion odor; misc. with ether; insol in water and alcohol; m.w. 178.33; sp. gr. 1.135-1.170; b.p. 112-120 C (16 mm Hg); ref. index 1.600-1.620 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, soups, condiments, pickles Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Dialuminum dipotassium sulfate. See Potassium alum anhydrous Dialuminum sulfate; Dialuminum trisulfate. See Aluminum sulfate 1137

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference α,ε-Diaminocaproic acid; L-α,ε-Diaminocaproic acid. See L-Lysine 2,2´-Diaminodiethylamine. See Diethylenetriamine 1,2-Diaminoethane. See Ethylenediamine 2,6-Diaminohexanoic acid. See L-Lysine 2,6-Diaminohexanoic acid hydrochloride. See L-Lysine hydrochloride Di(α-amino-β-thiolpropionic acid). See LCystine Diammonium carbonate. See Ammonium carbonate Diammonium citrate; Diammonium hydrogen citrate. See Ammonium citrate dibasic Diammonium hydrogen orthophosphate; Diammonium hydrogen phosphate. See Ammonium phosphate, dibasic Diammonium peroxodisulfate. See Ammonium persulfate Diammonium phosphate. See Ammonium phosphate, dibasic Diammonium sulfate. See Ammonium sulfate 2,4-Di-t-amylphenol CAS 120-95-6 Synonyms: Di-t-amylphenol; 2,4-Di-tpentylphenol; 24DTAP; Phenol, 2,4-di-tpentylFormula: [C2H5C(CH3)2]2C6H3OH Properties: M.w. 234.38; dens. 0.930; m.p. 25 C; b.p. 169-170 C (22 mm); flash pt. > 110 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 330 mg/kg; toxic; poison by ing.; eye irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr Di-t-amylphenol. See 2,4-Di-t-amylphenol Diasmol. See 1,3-Nonanediol acetate, mixed esters Diastase CAS 9000-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-567-7 Synonyms: Diastase malt; Diastase of malt; Diastatic enzyme; Maltin Definition: Commercial mixt. contg. amylolytic enzymes; enzyme that converts starch into sugar Properties: Ylsh.-wh. amorphous powd. or syrupy liq.; sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol Toxicology: TSCA listed HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Hygroscopic; keep under argon Uses: Enzyme for dietary supplement use, breadmaking, malted foods; enzyme which converts starch to sugar Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Diastase DS See also Amylase Diastase malt; Diastase of malt; Diastatic enzyme. See Diastase Diatomaceous earth CAS 6067-86-0; 7631-86-9; 68855-54-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Synonyms: Diatomaceous silica; Diatomite; Fossil flour; Infusorial earth; Kieselguhr; Siliceous earth; Silicon dioxide, diatomaceous; Solum diatomeae Definition: Mineral material consisting chiefly of the siliceous frustules and fragments of various species of diatoms Properties: Wh. to pale buff soft bulky solid; insol. in water, acids except HF, dil. alkalis; sol. in strong alkalis; dens. 1.9-2.35; bulk dens. 8-15 lb/ft3; bulking value 0.06 gal/lb; oil absorp. 135-185%; GE brightness 87-90; ref. index 1.42-1.49; hardness (Mohs) 4.5-6.0; 88% silica Toxicology: TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (dust); poison by inhalation and ing.; dust may cause fibrosis of the lungs; tumorigen Precaution: Noncombustible HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Fat refining aid for rendered fats, filter aid in foods; migrating to foods from paper/paperboard; processing aid (Japan) Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §73.1, 133.146, 160.105, 160.185, 172.230, 172.480, 173.340, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1460, 177.1680, 177.2260, 177.2410, 178.3297, 182.90, 573.340, 573.940; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Japan restricted (0.5% max. residual) Manuf./Distrib.: Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brenntag 1138

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; CR Mins. http://www.crminerals.com Celite http://www.worldminerals.com/celite.html; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; Eagle-Picher http://www.eaglepicher.com; Gelest http://www.gelest.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; L.V. Lomas http://www.lvlomas.com; LandersSegal Color http://www.pigments.com/; Nyco Mins. http://www.nycominerals.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tamms Ind. http://www.tamms.com Trade Names: Hyflo Super-Cel®; Standard Super-Cel Trade Names Containing: Py-ran® Diatomaceous earth, amorphous CAS 61790-53-2 Synonyms: Amorphous silica; Diatomaceous earth, natural; Diatomaceous silica; Diatomite; Infusorial earth; Kieselguhr Definition: Diatomaceous earth contg. < 1% cryst. silica Properties: Wh. to tan solid; sol. in hydrofluoric acid; insol. in water Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust); NIOSH REL:TWA 6 mg/m3; harmful dust; nuisance dust; may cause fibrosis of the lungs; irritating to eyes, respiratory system; possible carcinogen; tumorigen; TSCA listed Uses: Filler migrating to food from food pkg. paper/paperboard; carrier for lipase enzyme preps. Features: Inert Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.90, 184.1420, 573.340 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: DiaFil® 525; DiaFil® 530; DiaFil® 570; DiaFil® 590 See also Diatomaceous earth; Silica, amorphous Diatomaceous silica. See Diatomaceous earth, amorphous; Diatomaceous earth Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Diatomite. See Diatomaceous earth, amorphous; Diatomaceous earth 1,4-Diazabenzene. See Pyrazine Diazenedicarboxamide. See Azodicarbonamide 1,4-Diazine; p-Diazine. See Pyrazine Diazotizing salts. See Sodium nitrite Dibam. See Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate Dibasic ammonium phosphate. See Ammonium phosphate, dibasic Dibasic magnesium stearate. See Magnesium stearate Dibasic potassium phosphate. See Potassium phosphate dibasic Dibasic sodium phosphate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Dibasic sodium phosphate dihydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Dibasic sodium phosphate dodecahydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate Dibasic sodium phosphate heptahydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate Dibasic zinc stearate. See Zinc stearate Dibenzoyl peroxide. See Benzoyl peroxide Dibenzyl disulfide. See Benzyl disulfide Dibenzyl ether. See Benzyl ether Dibenzyl ketone. See 1,3-Diphenyl-2-propanone Dibenzyl oxide. See Benzyl ether DIBK. See Diisobutyl ketone Dibromine. See Bromine Dibromocyanoacetamide; α,α-Dibromo-αcyanoacetamide; Dibromonitrilopropionamide. See 2,2Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide CAS 10222-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 233-539-7 Synonyms: Acetamide, 2,2-dibromo-2-cyano-; DBNPA; Dibromocyanoacetamide; α,αDibromo-α-cyanoacetamide; Dibromonitrilopropionamide Classification: Halogenated cyanoacetamide Empirical: C3H2Br2N2O Properties: Clear to amber liq.; antiseptic odor; misc. with water; m.w. 241.89; sp.gr. 1.25; b.p. > 120 C (dec.); flash pt. < 200 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mammal) 118 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 10 mg/kg; poison by ing. and IV routes; primary irritant; severe skin and eye irritant; corrosive; inh. may cause sore throat and possible headaches; ing. may cause abdominal pain Precaution: Hazardous decomp. > 70 C; avoid strong bases 1139

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Above 160 C, bromide and hydrogen bromide fumes may be released; heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of Br– and NOx Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area; keep from freezing; avoid temps. >140 F Uses: Antimicrobial in cane-sugar and beetsugar mills Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.320 (limitation 210 ppm), 175.105, 176.170, 176.300; DOT nonhazardous Manuf./Distrib.: Goldlink Industries http://www.goldlinkindustries.com; Hawks Chem. Co Ltd http://www.hawkschem.com/; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com Dibutyl butyrolactone. See 4,4-Dibutyl-γbutyrolactone 4,4-Dibutyl-γ-butyrolactone CAS 7774-47-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-875-9 FEMA 2372 Synonyms: 4-Butyl-4-hydroxyoctanoic acid, γlactone; Dibutyl butyrolactone; 4,4-Dibutyl4-hydroxybutyric acid, γ-lactone Definition: Synthesized from butyl pentanol and methyl acrylate using a catalyst Empirical: C12H22O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., oily coconut-butter odor, coconut-like flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 198.31 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada approved Dibutyl-o-(o-carboxybenzoyl) glycolate; Dibutylo-carboxybenzoyloxyacetate. See n-Butyl phthalyl-n-butyl glycolate 2,6-Di-t-butyl-p-cresol; Di-t-butyl-p-cresol. See BHT Dibutyl decanedioate. See Dibutyl sebacate 3,5-Di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol. See 4Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol 4,4-Dibutyl-4-hydroxybutyric acid, γ-lactone. See 4,4-Dibutyl-γ-butyrolactone 2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-(hydroxymethyl) phenol. See 4Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol Dibutyl ketone. See Diisobutyl ketone 2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol. See BHT Dibutyl sebacate CAS 109-43-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-672-5 FEMA 2373 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Bis (n-butyl) sebacate; DBS; Decanedioic acid, dibutyl ester; Dibutyl decanedioate; Di-n-butyl sebacate; Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester Definition: Diester of butyl alcohol and sebacic acid Empirical: C18H34O4 Formula: C4H9OCO(CH2)8OCOC4H9 Properties: Colorless clear liq., odorless; sol. in alcohol, IPA, min. oil; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 314.47; dens. 0.936 (20/20 C); b.p. 349 C (760 mm); f.p. -11 C; acid no. 0.1 max.; sapon. no. 352-357; flash pt. 350 F; ref. index 1.429-1.441 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 16 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Preserve in tight containers Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods; plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 177.2600, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.27; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix http://www.phoenix-chem.com/; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com Shandong Haihua Tianhe http://www.tianhe-chemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Unitex http://www.unitexchemical.com; Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com Di-n-butyl sebacate. See Dibutyl sebacate 1140

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Dibutyl sulfide; n-Dibutyl sulfide; Dibutyl thioether. See Butyl sulfide Dicalcium citrate. See Calcium citrate Dicalcium diphosphate INS450(vi) Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, pH control agent, raising agent, sequestrant, water retention agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Dicalcium orthophosphate; Dicalcium orthophosphate anhydrous. See Calcium phosphate dibasic Dicalcium phosphate. See Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Calcium phosphate dibasic Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate. See Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Dicalcium pyrophosphate. See Calcium pyrophosphate Dicaprin. See Glyceryl dicaprate Dicaprylin. See Glyceryl dicaprylate Dicarbethoxymethane. See Diethyl malonate Dicarbomethoxy zinc. See Zinc acetate Dicarboxylic acid C6. See Adipic acid 1,1-Dichloro-2-chloroethylene. See Trichloroethylene 1,6-Dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-β-D-fructofuranosyl-4chloro-4-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranoside. See Sucralose Dichlorodifluoromethane CAS 75-71-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-893-9 UN 1028 (DOT); INS940 Synonyms: CFC 12; Difluorodichloromethane; F 12; FC 12; Fluorocarbon 12; Food freezant 12; Halon; Propellant 12; R 12; Refrigerant 12 Classification: Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon Empirical: CCl2F2 Formula: ClCF2Cl Properties: Colorless gas; may be liquefied under pressure; odorless; noncorrosive; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs., alcohol, ether, acetic acid; m.w. 120.9; sp.gr. 1.325 (21 C, liq.); vapor pressure 5 atm (16 C); f.p. -158 C; b.p. -29.8 C; ref. index 1.290; surf. tens. 9 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 2.13; noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1000 ppm; LC50 (inh., rat, 30 min) 80 pph; human systemic effects by inh.; narcotic in high concs.; may cause nose/throat/respiratory irritation, lightheadedness, drowsiness, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

incoordination, liver changes; severe exposure may cause irregular heartbeat, cardiac arrest, death; contact with aerosol or liq. may cause frostbite to skin and eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Compressed gas; incompat. with reactive metals, e.g., sodium, potassium, aluminum, magnesium, zinc (can react violently or explosively), water (can cause violent spattering or explosion) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of phosgene, Cl–, and F– Storage: Store cylinders in a cool, dry, wellventilated area away from corrosive atmospheres, out of direct sunlight; leaked gas can accumulate in low areas Uses: Direct-contact freezing agent for foods; propellant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §701.30; FDA approved for implants, inhalers, rectals, topicals; USP/NF compliance; SARA §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; BOC Gases http://www.boc.com Dow http://www.dow.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Fluorochem Ltd http://www.fluorochem.net; Matheson Gas Prods. http://www.mathesontrigas.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium UOP http://www.uop.com; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com 2,5-Dichloro-4-(4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-4-((4sulfophenyl) azo)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) benzenesulfonic acid, disodium salt. See Acid yellow 17 Dichloroethane; 1,2-Dichloroethane; Dichloro1,2-ethane; α,β-Dichloroethane; symDichloroethane; Dichloroethylene. See Ethylene dichloride Dichloroisocyanuric acid sodium salt. See Sodium dichloroisocyanurate Dichloromethane. See Methylene chloride ±1-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-(2-propenyloxy) ethyl]-1H-imidazole. See Imazalil Dichromium trioxide. See Chromium hydroxide green 1141

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Dicyclohexyl disulfide CAS 2550-40-5; EINECS/ELINCS 219-851-6 FEMA 3448 Synonyms: Cyclohexyl disulfide; (Cyclohexyl) disulfide Empirical: C12H22S2 Formula: (C6H11S-)2 Properties: Sol. in fats, and alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 230.44; dens. 1.046; b.p. 162-163 C (6 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.543001.55300 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, confectionery, baked goods, puddings, meats, soups Features: Berry-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Dicysteine. See L-Cystine Didecanoic acid, diester with glycerol. See Glyceryl dicaprate Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. See Didecyldimonium chloride Didecyldimonium chloride CAS 7173-51-5; 91490-94-7; EINECS/ELINCS 230-525-2 Synonyms: Ammonium, didecyldimethyl-, chloride; 1-Decanamminium, N-decyl-N,Ndimethyl chloride; N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyl-1decanaminium chloride; Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; Dimethyl didecyl ammonium chloride; N,NDimethyldidecylammonium chloride; Quaternium-12 Classification: Quaternary ammonium chloride Empirical: C22H48ClN Formula: [CH3(CH2)9N(CH3)2(CH2)9CH3]+Cl– Properties: Liq.; sol. in acetone; extremely sol. in benzene; m.w. 362.08; cationic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 84 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 45 mg/kg; poison by ing. and IP routes; primary irritant; causes eye damage and skin irritation; harmful if swallowed; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, NH3, and Cl– Uses: Bactericide, fungicide for food processing, breweries Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.1200; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Dishman USA http://www.dishman-usa.com; Lonza Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.lonza.com D-2,3-Didehydro-erythro-hexono-1,4-lactone. See Erythorbic acid N,N-Didodecyl-1-dodecanamine. See Trilaurylamine Didodecyl 3,3´-thiodipropionate. See Dilauryl thiodipropionate 3,7-Diemthyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl hexanoate. See Linalyl hexanoate Diethanolamine coconut fatty acid condensate. See Cocamide DEA Diethanolamine lauric acid amide; N,N-Diethanol lauramide; N,N-Diethanol lauric acid amide. See Lauramide DEA 1,1-Diethoxyacetal. See Acetal 1,1-Diethoxybutane. See Butyraldehyde diethyl acetal 1,1-Diethoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene. See Citral diethyl acetal 8,8-Diethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-octanol-2. See Hydroxycitronellal diethyl acetal 1,1-Diethoxyethane. See Acetal Diethyl. See Butane Diethyl acetal. See Acetal Diethyl acetaldehyde. See 2-Ethylbutyraldehyde Diethylacetic acid CAS 88-09-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-796-4 FEMA 2429 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 2-ethyl-; Carboxylic acid C-6; 2-Ethyl butanoic acid; Ethylbutyric acid; 2-Ethylbutyric acid; α-Ethylbutyric acid; 3-Pentanecarboxylic acid Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: (C2H5)2CHCOOH Properties: Colorless volatile liq., rancid odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 116.18; dens. 0.917; vapor pressure 0.08 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. -15 C; b.p. 194-195 C; flash pt. (CC) 78 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2200 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 520 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact; irritating to skin, mucous membranes; severe eye irritant; narcotic in high concs.; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Caramel or berry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA 1142

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Diethyl adipatate. See Diethyl adipate Diethyl adipate CAS 141-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-477-0 Synonyms: Adipic acid, diethyl ester; Diethyl adipatate; Diethyl hexanedioate; 1,6-Diethyl hexanedioate; Ethyl adipate; Ethyl δcarboethoxyvalerate; Hexanedioic acid, diethyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C10H18O4 Formula: (-CH2CH2COOC2H5)2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol, many other org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 202.25; sp.gr. 1.009; m.p. -18 C; b.p. 240-251 C; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref. index 1.427 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 8100 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 2190 mg/kg; harmful by ing., inh., skin contact; may cause fetal death, other developmental abnormalities; limited evidence of carcinogenic effect; possible mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Diethylaminoethyl cellulose CAS 9013-34-7 Synonyms: Cellulose, diethylaminoethyl; DEAE-cellulose Formula: RCH2CH2N(C2H5)2, R = cellulose Uses: Fixing agent in immobilization of glucose isomerase enzyme preps. for mfg. of high fructose corn syrup; weakly basic ion exchange resin for food purification Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.357; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium N-[4-[[4-(Diethylamino) phenyl] (5-hydroxy-2,4disulfophenyl) methylene]-2,5-cyclohexadien1-ylidene]-N-ethylethanaminium, hydroxide, inner salt, calcium salt (2:1). See Acid blue 3 Diethyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate. See Diethyl phthalate Diethyl butanedioate. See Diethyl succinate Diethyl decanedioate; Diethyl-1,10decanedioate. See Diethyl sebacate Diethyl 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate; Diethyl 2,3dihydroxysuccinate. See Diethyl tartrate Diethyl diketone. See 3,4-Hexanedione Diethylene glycol distearate. See PEG-2 distearate Diethylene glycol, monoester with stearic acid; Diethylene glycol monostearate; Diethylene glycol stearate. See PEG-2 stearate Diethyleneimide oxide; Diethylene imidoxide; Diethylene oximide. See Morpholine Diethylenetriamine CAS 111-40-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-865-4 UN 2079 (DOT) Synonyms: Aminoethylethandiamine; N-(2Aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine; N-(2Aminoethyl) ethylenediamine; 3Azapentane-1,5-diamine; Bis (2-aminoethyl) amine; Bis (β-aminoethyl) amine; DETA; 2,2´-Diaminodiethylamine; DTA; 2,2´Iminobisethylamine; 2,2´-Iminodiethylamine Classification: Aliphatic polyamine Empirical: C4H13N3 Formula: NH2C2H4NHC2H4NH2 Properties: Colorless to yel. visc. liq.; ammoniacal odor; sol. in water and hydrocarbons; misc. with oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; immisc. with aliphatic solvs.; 1143

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference strongly alkaline; m.w. 103.17; dens. 0.9542 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 0.22 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. -39 C; b.p. 206.7 C; flash pt. (TOC) 99 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 1080 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 74 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1090 mg/kg; toxic by IP, ing., inh., and skin absorption; strong irritant to eyes and skin; high conc. of vapors causes respiratory tract irritation, nausea, vomiting; repeated exposure may cause asthma, skin sensitization; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers; mixt. with nitromethane is a shock-sensitive explosive; ignites on contact with cellulose nitrate; corrosive to copper and its alloys; absorbs CO2 from air to form carbamate salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Ion exchange membrane in prod. of grapefruit juice Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.20, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1200; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alkyl Amines Chems. Ltd http://www.alkylamines.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/ Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Tosoh http://www.tosoh.co.jp Diethylenetriamine crosslinked with epichlorohydrin CAS 25085-17-0 Uses: Ion exchange resin for food treatment Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§173.25; Canada DSL Diethylenimide oxide. See Morpholine Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Diethyl ethanedicarboxylate. See Diethyl succinate Diethyl fumarate CAS 623-91-6; EINECS/ELINCS 210-819-7 Synonyms: Ethyl fumarate Empirical: C8H12O4 Formula: C2H5O2CCH=CHCO2C2H5 Properties: Wh. cryst. or liq.; m.w. 172.18; dens. 1.052; vapor pressure 1 mm (53.2 C); m.p. 1-2 C; b.p. 218-219 C; flash pt. 91 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1780 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Fungistat in tomato juice Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Wychem Ltd http://www.wychem.co.uk See also Ethyl fumarate Diethyl hexanedioate; 1,6-Diethyl hexanedioate. See Diethyl adipate Di (2-ethylhexyl) orthophthalate; Di (2ethylhexyl) phthalate. See s-Dioctyl phthalate Diethyl hydroxybutanedioate; Diethyl 2hydroxybutanedioate; Diethyl 2-hydroxy-1,4butanedioate; Diethyl hydroxysuccinate. See Diethyl malate Diethyl ketone CAS 96-22-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-490-3 UN 1156 (DOT) Synonyms: DEK; Dimethylacetone; Metacetone; Methacetone; 3-Pentanone; Pentanone-3; Propione Empirical: C5H10O Formula: CH3CH2COCH2CH3 Properties: Colorless mobile liq.; acetone odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; sol. in 25 parts water; m.w. 86.14; dens. 0.814; m.p. -42 C; b.p. 99-103 C; flash pt. 55 F; ref. index 1.392 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2.1 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 513 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 20 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP, IV routes; skin and eye irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials; reacts 1144

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference with hydrogen peroxide + nitric acid to form a shock- and heat-sensitive explosive peroxide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Flavor in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Esprit http://www.espritchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Diethyl malate CAS 7554-12-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-444-5 FEMA 2374 Synonyms: Diethyl hydroxybutanedioate; Diethyl 2-hydroxybutanedioate; Diethyl 2hydroxy-1,4-butanedioate; Diethyl hydroxysuccinate Classification: Malic acid deriv. Empirical: C8H14O5 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 190.20; flash pt. 85 C Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, beverages Features: Wine, fruity odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fuso Chem. http://www.fusokk.co.jp; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Diethyl malate. See Diethyl DL-malate Diethyl DL-malate CAS 626-11-9; EINECS/ELINCS 210-930-0 Synonyms: Diethyl malate; Ethyl malate; DLMalic acid diethyl ester Empirical: C8H14O5 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq.; fruity odor and flavor; m.w. 190.20; dens. 1.128 g/ml; b.p. 122-124 C (12 mm); flash pt. 85 C Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Diethyl malonate CAS 105-53-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-305-9 FEMA 2375 Synonyms: Carbethoxyacetic ester; DEM; Dicarbethoxymethane; Diethyl propanedioate; Ethyl malonate; Malonic acid, diethyl ester; Malonic ester; Methanedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester; Propanedioic acid diethyl ester Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Empirical: C7H12O4 Formula: CH2(COOC2H5)2 Properties: Colorless liq., sl. aromatic pleasant odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol, oxygenated solvs.; misc. with alcohol, ether; sol. 1 g/50 ml in water; insol. in glycerin, min. oil; m.w. 160.17; dens. 1.055 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 1 mm (40 C); f.p. -50 C; b.p. 94-95 C (11 mm); flash pt. 80 C; ref. index 1.413 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Austin 1145

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.austinchemical.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Juzen Chem. http://www.juzen-chem.co.jp; Kessler http://www.kesslerchemical.com; Lonza Ltd http://www.lonza.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Tateyama Kasei http://www.tateyamakasei.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Diethyl 1,8-octanedicarboxylate. See Diethyl sebacate Diethyl phthalate CAS 84-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-550-6 Synonyms: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester; DEP; Diethyl 1,2benzenedicarboxylate; Diethyl-o-phthalate; Ethyl phthalate; Phthalic acid, diethyl ester; Phthalol Definition: Aromatic diester of ethyl alcohol and phthalic acid Empirical: C12H14O4 Formula: C6H4(CO2C2H5)2 Properties: Water-wh. oily liq., odorless, bitter taste; misc. with alcohol, ketones, esters, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 222.24; dens. 1.120 (25/25 C); f.p. -40.5 C; b.p. 298 C; flash pt. (OC) 325 F; visc. 31.3 cs (0 C); ref. index 1.500-1.505; stable Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 8600 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 5058 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ingestion, subcut., IP routes; human systemic effects; strong irritant to eyes and mucous membranes; narcotic in high concs.; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.27; 27CFR §21.105; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; SARA reportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aarti Ind. Ltd http://www.aartigroup.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chemial SpA http://www.chemial.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Proviron Ind. NV http://www.proviron.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Unitex http://www.unitexchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com; Whyte 1146

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Eastman® DEP Diethyl-o-phthalate. See Diethyl phthalate Diethyl propanedioate. See Diethyl malonate 2,3-Diethylpyrazine CAS 15707-24-1; EINECS/ELINCS 239-800-1 FEMA 3136 Synonyms: Pyrazine, 2,3-diethylEmpirical: C8H12N2 Properties: Colorless to yel. liq.; raw nutty roast burnt green pepper odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; sol. 4460 mg/l in water; m.w. 136.20; sp.gr. 0.963; dens. 8.013 lb/gal; vapor pressure 0.192 mm Hg; b.p. 180-182 C; flash pt. 64 C; ref. index 1.500 ( 20 C) Toxicology: Vapor/mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; irritating, defatting to skin; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; ing. may cause stomach pain or vomiting; may cause nausea, headache; TSCA listed Environmental: Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources Precaution: Combustible; stench; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, NOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Flavoring agent in frozen foods, candies, drinks Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TCI Am. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.tciamerica.com; Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Diethyl sebacate CAS 110-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-764-5 FEMA 2376 Synonyms: Diethyl decanedioate; Diethyl1,10-decanedioate; Diethyl 1,8octanedicarboxylate; Dodecanedioic acid diethyl ester; Ethyl sebacate; Sebacic acid, diethyl ester Definition: Diester of ethyl alcohol and sebacic acid Empirical: C14H26O4 Formula: CH3CH2OCO(CH2)8COOCH2CH3 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., faint fruity odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, other org. solvs., fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 258.40; dens. 0.960-0.965; m.p. 1-3 C; b.p. 312 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.435 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 14,470 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Oily; quince-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Diethyl succinate CAS 123-25-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-612-0 FEMA 2377 Synonyms: Butanedioic acid diethyl ester; Diethyl butanedioate; Diethyl ethanedicarboxylate; Ethyl succinate; Succinic acid diethyl ester Empirical: C8H14O4 Formula: C2H5OCOCH2CH2COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. clear mobile liq., pleasant odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, ether, 1147

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 174.22; dens. 1.039 (20/4 C); m.p. -20 C; b.p. 97-99 C (10 mm); flash pt. 230 F; ref. index 1.420 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8530 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; may cause fire or explosion on reaction with ethyl trifluoroacetate + sodium hydride Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Boith China http://www.boith.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Diethyl sulfide-2,2´-dicarboxylic acid. See 3,3´Thiodipropionic acid Diethyl tartrate CAS 87-91-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-783-3 FEMA 2378 Synonyms: Diethyl 2,3dihydroxybutanedioate; Diethyl 2,3dihydroxysuccinate; (+)-Diethyl L-tartrate; (R)-2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid diethyl ester; Ethyl tartrate Empirical: C8H14O6 Formula: C2H5OOCCH(OH)CH(OH)COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless thick oily liq.; sl. sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 206.19; dens. 1.204 (20/4 C); m.p. 17 C; b.p. 280 C; flash pt. 93 C; ref. index 1.4476 (20 C) Precaution: Combustible NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium (+)-Diethyl L-tartrate. See Diethyl tartrate 2,5-Diethyltetrahydrofuran CAS 41239-48-9 FEMA 3743 Synonyms: Furan, 2,5-diethyltetrahydroEmpirical: C8H16O Properties: Colorless liq., sweet herbaceous caramellic odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 128.21; b.p. 116 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, esp. for reconstructing mint flavors, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html Difluorodichloromethane. See Dichlorodifluoromethane Difluoroformaldehyde. See Carbonyl fluoride Difurfuryl disulfide CAS 4437-20-1; EINECS/ELINCS 224-649-6 FEMA 3146 Synonyms: Bis (2-furfuryl) disulfide; 2,2Dithiobis (methylene) bisfuran; 2,2´(Dithiodimethylene) difuran; Furan, 2,2dithiobis (methylene) bis-; Furfuryl disulfide; 2-Furfuryl disulfide Empirical: C10H10O2S2 Properties: Pale yel. to brn. oily liq.; stench, unpleasant burnt caramel, coffee, meaty odor; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 226.31; sp.gr. 1.23522-1.25000 (20 C); dens. 10.29010.413 lb/gal; m.p. 10-11 C; b.p. 229-230 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.585-1.600 (20 C) Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation; TSCA 1148

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, SOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Light-sensitive; store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; store under nitrogen Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, esp. coffee, meat, savory flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances http://www.iff.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Diglycerol monostearate. See Polyglyceryl-2 stearate Diglycerol tetrastearate. See Polyglyceryl-2 tetrastearate Diglyceryl diisostearate. See Polyglyceryl-2 diisostearate Diglyceryl distearate. See Polyglyceryl-2 distearate Diglyceryl monooleate. See Polyglyceryl-2 oleate Diglyceryl monostearate. See Polyglyceryl-2 stearate Diglyceryl tetrastearate. See Polyglyceryl-2 tetrastearate Diglyceryl triisostearate. See Polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate Diglycol monostearate; Diglycol stearate. See PEG-2 stearate Dihexyl ether. See Hexyl acetate Dihydroanethole. See p-Propyl anisole 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one. See Dihydrocoumarin Dihydrocarveol CAS 619-01-2; 17699-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 210-575-1 FEMA 2379 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: 1,6-Dihydrocarveol; 8-p-Menthen2-ol; 6-Methyl-3-isopropenylcyclohexanol; 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylvinyl) cyclohexanol; Tuberyl alcohol Definition: Synthesized by reducing carvone and separating the resulting isomers Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Almost colorless to straw-colored oily liq., floral woody odor, sweet somewhat spicy flavor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 154.24; dens. 0.924; b.p. 224-225 C; flash pt. 197 F; ref. index 1.4770 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; moderate skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Features: Minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1,6-Dihydrocarveol. See Dihydrocarveol Dihydrocarveol acetate. See Dihydrocarvyl acetate Dihydrocarvone. See d-Dihydrocarvone cis-Dihydrocarvone CAS 3792-53-8; 20777-49-5; EINECS/ELINCS 244-029-9 Synonyms: (1α,2β,5α)-2-Methyl-5-(1methylvinyl) cyclohexylacetate Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515 d-Dihydrocarvone CAS 5524-05-0; 7764-50-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-857-0 FEMA 3565 Synonyms: Dihydrocarvone; p-Menth-8-en-2one; d-2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexanone Classification: Nonaromatic ketone Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Cl. nearly colorless liq.; herbaceous spearmint odor; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 152.24; dens. 0.926; vapor dens. 5.2; b.p. 87-88 C (6 mm); flash pt. 178 F; ref. index 1.4710 1149

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (subcut., mouse) 2900 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by subcutaneous route; primary irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes, CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store away from heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; keep container tightly closed when not in use Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Minty flavor Use Level: 0.03-0.50% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan IEC; Philippines PICSS; China SEPA/CICS; EPA hazardous waste Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trade Names Containing: Spearmint Oil 603; Spearmint Oil 660 Dihydrocarvyl acetate CAS 20777-49-5; EINECS/ELINCS 244-029-9 FEMA 2380 Synonyms: Dihydrocarveol acetate; lDihydrocarvyl acetate; Diydrocrveyl acetate; p-Menth-8-en-2-ol, acetate; 8-pMenthen-2-yl acetate; p-Menth-8-en-2-yl acetate; 6-Methyl-3-isopropenyl cyclohexyl acetate; 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl) cyclohexyl acetate Classification: Nonaromatic ester Definition: Acetylation of dihydrocarveol Empirical: C12H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq., sweet floral rose-like odor, sl. minty flavor; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 196.29; dens. 0.96; b.p. 232-234 C; flash pt. 194 F; ref. index 1.4590 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments Features: Medicinal, minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com l-Dihydrocarvyl acetate. See Dihydrocarvyl acetate Dihydrochavicol. See 4-Propylphenol Dihydrocinnamaldehyde. See Hydrocinnamaldehyde Dihydrocinnamic acid. See Hydrocinnamic acid Dihydrocinnamic alcohol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol Dihydrocinnamic aldehyde. See Hydrocinnamaldehyde Dihydrocinnamyl alcohol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol Dihydrocitronellol. See 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol Dihydrocoumarin CAS 119-84-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-354-9 FEMA 2381 Synonyms: Benzodihydropyrone; 1,2Benzodihydropyrone; 2H-1-Benzopyran-2one, 3,4-dihydro-; 2-Chromanone; 3,4Dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one; 3,4Dihydrocoumarin; Hydrocoumarin; oHydroxyhydrocinnamic acid-[GD]-lactone; Melilotin; 2-Oxochroman Classification: Heterocyclic compd.; lactone Empirical: C9H8O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cryst., coconut odor; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, chlorinated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 148.17; dens. 1.186; m.p. 24-25 C; b.p. 272 C; flash pt. 266 F; ref. index 1.555 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1460 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, 1150

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown Capital http://www.crown-capital.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com 3,4-Dihydrocoumarin. See Dihydrocoumarin Dihydrocuminyl acetate. See Perillyl acetate Dihydrocuminyl alcohol. See Perillyl alcohol 3,7-Dihydro-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione. See Theobromine 1,2-Dihydro-6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline. See 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline Dihydroeugenol CAS 2785-87-7; EINECS/ELINCS 220-499-0 FEMA 3598 Synonyms: Cerulignol; Guaiacylpropane; 1-(4Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propane; (4Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propane; 4Hydroxy-3-methoxypropylbenzene; 2Methoxy-4-propylphenol; 2-Methoxy-4-(1propyl) phenol; 2-Methoxy-4-npropylphenol; Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-propyl-; 4-Propylguaiacol; p-Propylguaiacol; p-nPropylguaiacol; 4-Propylguaiacolcatechol; 5-Propyl-o-hydroxyanisole; 1-Propyl-3methoxy-4-hydroxybenzene; 4-Propyl-2methoxyphenol Classification: Aromatic alcohol Empirical: C10H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; clove balsamic sharp spicy sweet odor; m.w. 166.22; sp.gr. 1.038; dens. 8.621-8.633 lb/gal; b.p. 125-126 C (14 mm Hg); flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.52431.5257 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2600 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 150 mg/kg, (subcut, mouse) 1450 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 310 mg/kg; toxic; toxic by inh., ing., skin contact; vapor/mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; skin irritant; readily absorbed thru skin; may cause spastic paralysis; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Dihydro-2,5-furandione. See Succinic anhydride Dihydro-2(3H)-furanone. See Butyrolactone Dihydrogen (ethyl) [4-[4-[ethyl (3sulfonatobenzyl) amino] (4-hydroxy-2sulfonatobenzhydrylidene] cyclohexa-2,5dien-1-ylidene] (3-sulfonatobenzyl) ammonium, disodium salt. See Fast green FCF 1-(Dihydrogen phosphate)-1,2,3-propanetriol, calcium salt; 2-(Dihydrogen phosphate)-1,2,3propanetriol, calcium salt (1:1). See Calcium glycerophosphate Dihydrogeranyl acetone. See Tetrahydropseudo-ionone Dihydrogeranyl isovalerate. See Citronellyl isovalerate 7,8-Dihydro-α-ionone. See Dihydro-α-ionone Dihydro-α-ionone CAS 31499-72-6; EINECS/ELINCS 250-657-4 FEMA 3628 Synonyms: 2-Butanone, 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2cyclohexen-1-yl)-; 7,8-Dihydro-α-ionone; 4(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2butanone; 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2cyclohexenyl) butan-2-one Empirical: C13H22O Properties: Colorless liq.; highly diffusive, warm woody earthy herbal orris-violet odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 194.32; dens. 0.922 g/ml; b.p. 90 C (0.1 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 98 C; ref. index 1.477 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; TSCA listed 1151

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. waters Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Air-sensitive; store in cool, dry, wellventilated area; store under argon; keep tightly closed; keep away from ignition sources, naked flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, beverages Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; Australia, China, Canada DSL listed Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Dihydro-β-ionone CAS 17283-81-7; EINECS/ELINCS 241-318-1 FEMA 3626 Synonyms: 2-Butanone, 4-2(2,6,6-trimethyl-1cyclohexen-1-yl)-; 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl cyclohexene-1-yl)-butane-2-one; 4-(2,6,6Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl) butan-2-one Empirical: C13H22O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; woody, floral, orris, sl. amber, fruity odor; sweet, fruity, berry-like, sl. woody, floral taste; m.w. 194.32; dens. 0.923; m.p. 311 C; flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.4810 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may cause sensitization by inh. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, baked goods, ice cream, hard and soft candy, puddings, beverages, dairy prods., confectionery, frostings, jams, jellies, chewing gum Features: Floral, woody fragrance and flavor Use Level: 0.5-5% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Dihydroisophorol. See Trimethylcyclohexanol 4,5-Dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone. See γValerolactone Dihydronorguaiaretic acid. See Nordihydroguaiaretic acid Dihydro-3-(octenyl)-2,5-furandione. See Octenylsuccinic anhydride Dihydrooxirene. See Ethylene oxide 2-(1,3-Dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2H-indol-2-ylidene)2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1H-indole-5-sulfonic acid disodium salt. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 4,5-Dihydro-5-oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-4-[(4sulfophenyl) azo]-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid trisodium salt. See FD&C Yellow No. 5; Tartrazine Dihydropseudoionone; α,βDihydropseudoionone. See Geranyl acetone 2,3-Dihydrosuccinic acid. See L-Tartaric acid 3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-ol. See DL-α-Tocopherol 4,5- Dihydrotoluene. See 2-Methyl-1,3cyclohexadiene 1,2-Dihydro-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-ethoxyquinoline. See 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline 2,5- Dihydro-2,4,5-trimethyl oxazole. See 2,4,5Trimethyl Δ-3-oxazoline 3,7-Dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione. See Caffeine 1,2-Dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline homopolymer; 1,2-Dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline polymer. See 2,2,4Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline polymer Dihydroxyaluminum monostearate; Dihydroxyaluminum stearate. See Aluminum stearate 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde methylene ketal. See Heliotropine 1,3-Dihydroxybenzene; m-Dihydroxybenzene. See Resorcinol 2,3-Dihydroxy-1,2-benzothiazolin-3-one-1,1dioxide. See Saccharin 1,3-Dihydroxybutane. See Butylene glycol 1152

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Dihydroxybutanedioic acid; 2,3Dihydroxybutanedioic acid; L-2,3Dihydroxybutanedioic acid. See L-Tartaric acid 2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium tartrate (R)-2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid diethyl ester. See Diethyl tartrate 2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid, monopotassium monosodium salt. See Potassium sodium tartrate (3R,3´R)-Dihydroxy-β-carotene. See Zeaxanthin 3,3´-Dihydroxy-β,β-carotene-4,4´-dione. See Astaxanthin 3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic acid 2-ester with 3-(3,4dihydroxyphenyl) lactic acid; R-(+)-2-(3,4Dihydroxycinnamoyloxy)-3-(3,4dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid. See Rosmarinic acid 3,3´-Dihydroxy-4,4´-diketo-β-carotene. See Astaxanthin N-(2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutyryl-β-alanine calcium. See Calcium D-pantothenate 2,5-Dihydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyne. See Dimethyl hexynediol D-N-(2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl-βalanine, calcium salt. See Calcium Dpantothenate 2,6-Dihydroxy-3,7-dimethylpurine. See Theobromine 1,3-Dihydroxy-4-hexylbenzene. See 4Hexylresorcinol 3,5-Dihydroxy-4-(3-hydroxy-4methoxyhydrocinnamoyl) phenyl-2-o-(6deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)-β-Dglucopyranoside. See Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone 2,4-Dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3dimethylbutanamide. See D-Panthenol; DLPanthenol d-(+)-2,4-Dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3dimethylbutyramide. See D-Panthenol 1,3-Di (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin. See DMDM hydantoin α-[[(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl] oxy]-3,4-dihydroxybenzenepropanoic acid. See Rosmarinic acid 1,2-Dihydroxypropane. See Propylene glycol 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl docosanoate. See Glyceryl behenate 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl octadecanoate. See Glyceryl stearate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Dihydroxysuccinic acid; α,β-Dihydroxysuccinic acid. See L-Tartaric acid 2,3-Dihydroxysuccinic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium acid tartrate 3´,6´-Dihydroxy-2´,4´,5´,7´-tetraiodospiro [isobenzofuran-1(3H),9´-(9H) xanthen]-3-one disodium salt. See FD&C Red No. 3 1,1-Diisobutoxy-2-phenylethane. See Phenylacetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal Diisobutyl carbinol. See 2,6-Dimethyl heptanol4 Diisobutyl ketone CAS 108-83-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-620-1 UN 1157 (DOT); FEMA 3537 Synonyms: DIBK; Dibutyl ketone; sDiisopropylacetone; 2,6-Dimethyl-4heptanone; 2,6-Dimethylheptan-4-one; Isobutyl ketone; Isovalerone; Valerone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C9H18O Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2COCH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq.; mild sweet peppermint odor; misc. with most org. liqs.; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 142.24; dens. 0.8076; vapor pressure 1.65 mm Hg; m.p. -46 C; b.p. 165 C; flash pt. (CC) 49 C; autoignition temp. 396 C; ref. index 1.4130 (20 C); pH neutral; surf. tens. 24.54 dynes/cm Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 25 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 4300 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 16 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and inh.; irritant to respiratory system; extremely high vapor concs. may cause dizziness, nausea, incoordination, possibly death; severe exposure unlikely; narcotic in high concs.; mild skin and eye irritant; ing. may cause irritation of mouth and stomach; may cause lung injury if aspirated; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.37; COD 2.88; ThOD 2.93 Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; LEL 0.81%; UEL 7.1%; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents (increases fire and explosion hazard) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; FEMA 1153

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/ Di (isooctadecanoic) acid, diester with oxydi (propanediol). See Polyglyceryl-2 diisostearate s-Diisopropylacetone. See Diisobutyl ketone Diisotridecyl adipate CAS 26401-35-4; EINECS/ELINCS 247-660-8 Synonyms: Diisotridecyl hexanedioate; Hexanedioic acid, diisotridecyl ester Empirical: C32H62O4 Properties: M.w. 510.84 Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Manuf./Distrib.: Cognis Perf. Chems. http://www.cognis.com Trade Names: Hedipin-DITA

didodecyl ester; Thiodipropionic acid dilauryl ester Classification: Diester Definition: Diester of lauryl alcohol and 3,3´thiodipropionic acid Empirical: C30H58O4S Formula: (C12H25OOCCH2CH2)2S Properties: Wh. flakes, sweetish odor; sol. in benzene, toluene, acetone, ether, chloroform; sl. sol. in alcohols, ethyl acetate; insol. in water; m.w. 514.94; dens. 0.975; m.p. 40 C; b.p. 240 C (1 mm); acid no. < 1; flash pt. 110 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10.3 g/kg; no known toxicity; eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes; thermal decomp. prods.: SOx Uses: Antioxidant, preservative for foods, edible fats and oils, vegetable oils, animal fats, fatty foods, food pkg.; antioxidant migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.1010, 181.22, 181.24 (0.005% migrating from food pkg.), 182.3280 (0.02% max. fat/oil); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com; Hampshire; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Morton Int'l. http://www.morton.com; http://www.rohmhaas.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Tulstar Prods. http://www.tulstar.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical Ind. http://www.mt-pharma.co.jp/ Trade Names: Carstab® DLTDP; Cyanox® LTDP; Evanstab® 12; Seenox DL

Diisotridecyl hexanedioate. See Diisotridecyl adipate 2,3-Diketobutane. See Diacetyl 4,4´-Diketo-β-carotene. See Canthaxanthine 2,5-Diketotetrahydrofuran. See Succinic anhydride Dilaurin. See Glyceryl dilaurate

Dilauryl 3,3´-thiodipropionate. See Dilauryl thiodipropionate Dill. See Dill (Anethum graveolens)

Dilauryl thiodipropionate CAS 123-28-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-614-1 INS389 Synonyms: Bis (dodecyloxycarbonylethyl) sulfide; Didodecyl 3,3´-thiodipropionate; Dilauryl 3,3´-thiodipropionate; DLT; DLTDP; DLTP; LTDP; Propionic acid, 3,3´-thiodi, didodecyl ester; Thiobis (dodecyl propionate); 3,3´-Thiobispropanoic acid,

Dill (Anethum graveolens) CAS 977050-60-4 FEMA 2382 Synonyms: Anethum graveolens; Dill; Dill leaf; Dill leaves; Dill seed Definition: Seeds and/or leaves of Anethum graveolens Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, condiments, meats, pickles, sauces,

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference stews, vinegar, pastries, vegetables Regulatory: BP compliance; FDA 21CFR §184.1282, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil CAS 8006-75-5; 8016-05-5; 8016-06-6 FEMA 2383 Synonyms: American dill seed oil; Anethum graveolens oil; Anethum graveolens seed oil; Dill fruit oil; Dill oil; Dill seed oil; Dill seed oil, European; European dill seed oil Definition: Volatile oil from dried ripe fruit of Anethum graveolens, contg. 50% carvone, dlimonene, phellandrene, other terpenes Properties: Colorless or pale yel. liq., char. odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, propylene glycol; sol. in 1 vol. 90% alcohol; insol. in water, glycerin; dens. 0.900-0.915 (15/15 C); ref. index 1.4811.492 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4040 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, pickles, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1282, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; BP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Dill (Anethum graveolens) weed oil CAS 8006-75-5 Synonyms: Anethum graveolens; Anethum graveolens oil; Dill oil; Dill weed oil Definition: Oil from dill herb, contg. dphellandrene, terpinene, limonene, carvone, dillapiole, isomyristicin, and myristicin Properties: Sl. yel.; typical dill odor; flash pt. 118 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4040 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid contact with skin, wear protective clothing Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, seasoning blends, pickles Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1282, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed, no restrictions; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; RCB Int'l. Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Dill (Anethum sowa) seed oil Synonyms: Anethum sowa oil; Anthenum sowa; Dill, Indian, oil; Dill seed oil, Indian type; Indian dill seed oil Definition: From Anethum sowa Properties: Caraway-like odor and flavor; sol. in alcohol and other org. solvents; sp. gr. 0.9280.980; ref. index 1.4860-1.4950 Uses: Natural flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 184.1282, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Menthol & Allied Prods. http://www.essentialoilsandaromachemical s.com Dill fruit oil. See Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil Dill, Indian, oil. See Dill (Anethum sowa) seed oil Dill leaf; Dill leaves. See Dill (Anethum graveolens) Dill oil. See Dill (Anethum graveolens) weed oil; 1155

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil Dill seed. See Dill (Anethum graveolens) Dill seed oil; Dill seed oil, European. See Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil Dill seed oil, Indian type. See Dill (Anethum sowa) seed oil Dill weed oil. See Dill (Anethum graveolens) weed oil Dimagnesium diphosphate INS450(viii) Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, pH control agent, raising agent, sequestrant, water retention agent in foods Dimagnesium monohydrogen monophosphate; Dimagnesium orthophosphate; Dimagnesium phosphate. See Magnesium phosphate dibasic Dimagnesium trisilicate. See Magnesium trisilicate Dimethicone CAS 9006-65-9 Synonyms: Dimethicones; Dimethylpolysiloxane; Dimethyl silicone; Dimeticone; Polydimethylsiloxane; Poly (oxy (dimethylsilylene)), α-(trimethylsilyl)-ωmethyl-; α-(Trimethylsilyl)-ω-methylpoly [oxy (dimethylsilylene)] Definition: Silicone oil consisting of a mixt. of fully methylated linear siloxane polymers endblocked with trimethylsiloxy units Empirical: (C2H6OSi)xC4H12Si Properties: Colorless clear liq.; misc. with chloroform, ether; immisc. with water, alcohol; visc. inc. with degree of polymerization Uses: Defoamer in processing foods; chewing gum base; in canned fruits, canned fruit juices; mfg. of food pkg. materials; release agent migrating from food pkg. Features: Oleaginous Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §145.180, 145.181, 146.185, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.28; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL; FDA approved for topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.avatarcorp.com BASF http://www.basf.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com; EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com Evonik Goldschmidt; Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com; Lanaetex Prods. Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Wacker Silicones http://www.wackersilicones.com Trade Names: Dow Corning® 200 Fluid, Food Grade; Fluid AK; Foamkill® 810F; Foamkill® 830F; Masil® SF 5 Masil® SF 10; Masil® SF 100; Masil® SF 200; Masil® SF 350; Masil® SF 350 FG Masil® SF 500; Masil® SF 1000; Masil® SF 5000; Masil® SF 10,000; Masil® SF 60,000 Masil® SF 1,000,000; SF18-350; Silbione® Antifoam 70452 Compound Trade Names Containing: AF 9000; AF 9010; AF 9020; AF 9030; Sag 710 Dimethicone. See Dimethylsiloxane Dimethicones. See Dimethicone 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-allylbenzene. See Methyl eugenol 1,1-Dimethoxy-2-amyl-3-phenyl-2-propene. See α-Amylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal 3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde. See Veratraldehyde 1,2-Dimethoxybenzene. See oDimethoxybenzene 1,3-Dimethoxybenzene. See mDimethoxybenzene 1,4-Dimethoxybenzene. See pDimethoxybenzene m-Dimethoxybenzene CAS 151-10-0; EINECS/ELINCS 205-783-4 FEMA 2385 Synonyms: Benzene, 1,3-dimethoxy-; Benzene, m-dimethoxy-; 1,3Dimethoxybenzene; Dimethylether resorcinol; Dimethylresorcinol; 31156

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methoxyanisole; Resorcinol dimethyl ether Definition: Synthesized from resorcinol by methylation using dimethyl sulfate and alkali Empirical: C8H10O2 Formula: C6H4(OCH3)2 Properties: Pale straw liq., acrid fruity odor reminiscent of nerolin; sol. in alcohol, ether, benzene; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 138.17; dens. 1.067 (20/4 C); b.p. 85-87 C (10 mm); flash pt. 190 F; ref. index 1.525 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 900 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Coconut-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hofmen Int'l. http://www.hofmeninternational.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium o-Dimethoxybenzene CAS 91-16-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-045-3 FEMA 3799 Synonyms: 1,2-Dimethoxybenzene; Pyrocatechol dimethyl ether; Veratrol; Veratrole Classification: Aromatic ether Empirical: C8H10O2 Formula: C6H4(OCH3)2 Properties: Colorless cryst. or liq.; sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 138.17; dens. 1.084; m.p. 15 C; b.p. 205-207 C; flash pt. 189 F; ref. index 1.5330 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 890 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 700 mg/kg; harmful liq.; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Vanilla-like flavor Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium p-Dimethoxybenzene CAS 150-78-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-771-9 FEMA 2386 Synonyms: Anisole, p-methoxy-; Benzene, 1,4-dimethoxy-; 1,4-Dimethoxybenzene; Dimethyl ether hydroquinone; Dimethyl hydroquinone; Dimethylhydroquinone ether; DMB; DMHQ; HQDME; Hydroquinone dimethyl ether; p-Methoxyanisole; Quinol dimethyl ether Classification: Aromatic ether Definition: Obtained by methylation of hydroquinone using dimethyl sulfate and alkali Empirical: C8H10O2 Formula: C6H4(OCH3)2 Properties: Wh. flakes; sweet clover odor; very sol. in benzene, ether; sol. in 95% ethanol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 138.17; dens. 1.053 (55/55 C); m.p. 54-56 C; b.p. 213 C; flash pt. 98 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3600 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 100 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; primary irritant; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may cause somnolence, muscle contraction or spasticity; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers Storage: Refrigerate Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com 3,4-Dimethoxybenzenecarbonal. See Veratraldehyde 1,1-Dimethoxy decane; 10,10-Dimethoxydecane. See Decanal dimethyl acetal 1157

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1,1-Dimethoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene. See Citral dimethyl acetal 1,1-Dimethoxy-3,7-dimethyl-7-octanol; 8,8Dimethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-octanol-2. See Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal (2,2-Dimethoxyethyl)-benzene. See Phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal 1,1-Dimethoxy heptane. See Heptanal dimethyl acetal Dimethoxymethylbenzene. See Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal (2,2-Dimethoxy-1-methylethyl)-benzene. See 2Phenylpropionaldehyde dimethylacetal (2-(Dimethoxymethyl)-1-heptenyl) benzene. See α-Amylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal 1,1-Dimethoxyoctane. See Octanal dimethyl acetal 2,6-Dimethoxy phenol CAS 91-10-1; EINECS/ELINCS 202-041-1 FEMA 3137 Synonyms: 1,3-Dimethyl pyrogallate; Pyrogallol dimethyl ether; Pyrogallol 1,3dimethyl ether Classification: Aromatic phenol Empirical: C8H10O3 Formula: (CH3O)2C6H3OH Properties: Solid; m.w. 154.17; m.p. 53-56 C; b.p. 261 C; flash pt. > 230 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 550 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 2500 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, cat) 100 mg/kg; harmful solid; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com 1,1,-Dimethoxy-2-phenylethane. See Phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal Dimethoxyphenylmethane. See Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal 1,1-Dimethoxy-2-phenylpropane. See 2Phenylpropionaldehyde dimethylacetal Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl) propene. See Methyl isoeugenol 1-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-2-propene; 3-(3,4Dimethoxyphenyl) propene. See Methyl eugenol 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-propenylbenzene. See Methyl isoeugenol 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl) benzene. See Methyl eugenol α,α-Dimethoxytoluene. See Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal Dimethylacetic acid. See Isobutyric acid Dimethylacetone. See Diethyl ketone 2,4-Dimethylacetophenone CAS 89-74-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-935-9 FEMA 2387 Synonyms: Methyl 2,4-dimethylphenyl ketone Classification: Aromatic ketone Definition: Obtained by condensation of acetyl chloride and m-xylene in presence of aluminum or ferric chloride Empirical: C10H12O Formula: CH3COC6H3(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. oil liq., floral sweet odor; m.w. 148.21; dens. 0.998 (20/4 C); b.p. 120 C (10 mm); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.543 (20 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2,5-Dimethyl-3-acetylfuran. See 3-Acetyl-2,5dimethylfuran 2,3-Dimethylacrylic acid; (E)-2,3-Dimethylacrylic acid; trans-2,3-Dimethylacrylic acid; trans-α,βDimethylacrylic acid. See Tiglic acid Dimethylallyl alcohol. See 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol 1,1-Dimethylallyl alcohol. See 2-Methyl-3-buten2-ol 3,3-Dimethylallyl alcohol; γ,γ-Dimethylallyl alcohol. See 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol Dimethylamine CAS 124-40-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-697-4 UN 1032 (DOT); UN 1160 (DOT) 1158

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Dimethylamine anhydrous; DMA; Methanamine, N-methyl-; NMethylmethanamine Classification: Sat. aliphatic amine Empirical: C2H7N Formula: CH3NHCH3 Properties: Colorless liquefied gas; strong fishy odor (below 100 ppm), ammonia-like odor (above 100 ppm); very sol. in water; sol. in ethanol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 45.08; dens. 0.68 (0 C); vapor pressure 1520 mm Hg; m.p. -92.2 C; b.p. 6.9 C; flash pt. 20 C; autoignition temp. 400 C; pH 11.9 (0.1 M aq, sol'n.); surf. tens. 16.33 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 5.26 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 ppm; STEL 15 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 698 mg/kg (33% aq. sol'n.); very toxic; poison on ing.; may cause skin irritation, burns on high exposure; lachrymator; can cause severe eye irritation, 'halo vision'; target organs: liver, skin, testes, respiratory system; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.47; ThOD 2.13 Precaution: Flamm., corrosive, very toxic, compressed gas; LEL 2.8%; UEL 14.4%; incompat. with mercury, acrylaldehyde, acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, nitrosating agents, strong oxidizing agents, fluorine, maleic anhydride; violent/explosive reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Ammonia; reaction with nitrosating agents can form nitrosodimethylamine, a carcinogen; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 4, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; protect from extreme temps.; never expose cylinders to temps. > 52 C or < 29 C Uses: Ion exchange membrane in prod. of grapefruit juice Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.20, 176.170; CERCLA hazardous substance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mallinckrodt Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Dimethylamine anhydrous. See Dimethylamine Dimethylamine/epichlorohydrin copolymer CAS 25988-97-0 Synonyms: Epichlorohydrin/dimethylamine copolymer; Methanamine, N-methyl-, polymer with (chloromethyl) oxirane; Poly (dimethylamine-co-epichlorohydrin) Formula: [N(CH3)2(Cl)CH2CH(OH)CH2]n Properties: Dens. 1.100; visc. 175 cps (50% aq.); ref. index 1.4270 Toxicology: Irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Decolorizer, flocculant in clarification of refinery sugar liquors and juices; clarifier in beverages and vinegar Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.60, 176.170; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Dimethylamine-epichlorohydrin copolymer. See Poly (2-hydroxypropyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride) 2-Dimethylaminoethanol; βDimethylaminoethanol; N,NDimethylaminoethanol; β-Dimethylaminoethyl alcohol. See Dimethylethanolamine Dimethyl anthranilate CAS 85-91-6; EINECS/ELINCS 201-642-6 FEMA 2718 Synonyms: 2-Methylamino methyl benzoate; N-Methylanthranilic acid, methyl ester; Methyl methylaminobenzoate; Methyl 2methylaminobenzoate; Methyl N-methyl-2aminobenzoate; N-Methyl methyl anthranilate; Methyl-N-methyl anthranilate; MMA Classification: aromatic compd. Empirical: C9H11NO2 Properties: Pale yel. liq. or solid; grape-like odor; sol. in fixed oils, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 1159

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 165.21; dens. 1.126-1.132; m.p. 19 C; b.p. 256 C; flash pt. 196 F; ref. index 1.578-1.581 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 180 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, rat) 3380 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, confectionery, ice cream, soft drinks Features: Orange, grape-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com 2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde CAS 15764-16-6; EINECS/ELINCS 239-856-7 FEMA 3427 Classification: Aromatic aldehyde Empirical: C9H10O Properties: Liq.; m.w. 134.18; dens. 0.962; m.p. 9 C; b.p. 102-103 C (14 mm); flash pt. 192 F; ref. index 1.5490 Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

puddings, preserves, spreads Features: Sweet, cherry-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemosgroup.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com α,α-Dimethylbenzenepropanol. See Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol α,α-Dimethylbenzenepropanol acetate. See 2Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl acetate Dimethylbenzimidazolycobamide; 5,6Dimethylbenzimidazolycobamide cyanide; α(5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazolyl) cyanocobamide. See Cyanocobalamin Dimethylbenzyl carbinoacetate. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate Dimethylbenzyl carbinol CAS 100-86-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-896-0 FEMA 2393 Synonyms: Benzyl dimethyl carbinol; α,αDimethylphenethyl alcohol; 1,1-Dimethyl-2phenylethanol; DMBC; 1-Phenyl-2-methyl-2propanol Classification: aromatic alcohol Definition: Synthesized from acetone and benzyl magnesium chloride Empirical: C10H14O Properties: Wh. cryst. solid or liq.; fresh floral odor; bitter taste; sol. in oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 150.22; dens. 0.98 kg/l (20 C); m.p. 24 C; b.p. 108 C (11 mm); flash pt. 92 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1280 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, jellies Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate CAS 151-05-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-781-3 1160

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FEMA 2392 Synonyms: Benzyl dimethyl carbinyl acetate; Benzylpropyl acetate; Dimethylbenzyl carbinoacetate; α,α-Dimethylphenethyl acetate; α,α-Dimethylphenethyl alcohol acetate; 1,1-Dimethyl-2-phenyl acetate; DMBCA Classification: aromatic compd. Definition: Obtained by acetylation of dimethylbenzyl carbinol Empirical: C12H16O2 Formula: C6H5CH2C(CH3)2OOCCH3 Properties: Water-wh. liq. or solid; floral fruity odor; sol. in fixed oils; sol. in alcohol (4 parts/70%); sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 192.26; dens. 0.995-0.999 (supercooled); m.p. 29.5 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.4900-1.4940 (supercooled) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3300 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Dimethylbenzylcarbinyl butyrate. See α,αDimethylphenethyl butyrate Dimethylbenzylcarbinyl formate. See α,αDimethylphenethyl formate 4,5-Dimethyl-2-benzyl-1,3-dioxolan. See Phenylacetaldehyde 2,3-butylene glycol acetal α,α-Dimethylbenzyl isobutyrate CAS 7774-60-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-876-4 FEMA 2388 Synonyms: α,α-Dmethyl benzyl 2-methyl propanoate; 1-Methyl-1-phenyl ethyl isobutyrate; Phenyldimethyl carbinyl isobutyrate; 2-Phenylpropan-2-yl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

isobutyrate; 2-Phenyl propan-2-yl 2-methyl propanoate Definition: Obtained by esterification of dimethylphenyl carbinol with isobutyric acid Empirical: C13H18O2 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 206.28 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Dimethylbenzyloctadecylammonium chloride. See Stearalkonium chloride 6,6-Dimethyl bicyclo (3.1.1) hept-2-ene-2methanol. See Myrtenol (1S)-6,6-Dimethylbicyclo [3.1.1] hept-2-ene-2methanol acetate; (1R)-6,6-Dimethylbicyclo [3.1.1] hept-2-ene-2-methyl acetate; (1S)-(6,6Dimethylbicyclo [3.1.1] hept-2-en-2-yl) methyl acetate. See Myrtenyl acetate β,γ-Dimethyl-α,[GD]-bis (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) butane. See Nordihydroguaiaretic acid Dimethyl butanedioate. See Dimethyl succinate 4,4´-(2,3-Dimethyl-1,4-butanediyl) bis [1,2benzenediol]. See Nordihydroguaiaretic acid 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butenoic acid phenyl methyl ester. See Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-α-aspartyl]-Lphenalanine 1-methyl ester. See Neotame Dimethyl carbinol. See Isopropyl alcohol Dimethylchloroether. See Chloromethyl methyl ether Dimethylcocoamino betaine. See Coco-betaine Dimethyl cocobenzyl ammonium chloride. See Cocoalkonium chloride β-4-Dimethyl-3-cyclohexane-1-ethanol acetate. See p-Menth-1-en-9-yl acetate 3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentadione. See 3,4Dimethylcyclopentane-1,2-dione 3,4-Dimethylcyclopentane-1,2-dione CAS 13494-06-9; EINECS/ELINCS 236-810-8 FEMA 3268 Synonyms: 3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentadione; 3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione; 2Hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one Classification: Aliphatic ketone Empirical: C7H10O2 Properties: Wh. to amber cryst. powd.; sweet maple caramel sugar fenugreek licorice odor; m.w. 126.15; m.p. 64-72 C; flash pt. > 100 C Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; 1161

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Light-sensitive; refrigerate; store under nitrogen; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Features: Complements brown notes in sweet and savory flavors Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Gallaher Group http://www.gallaher-group.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione. See 3,4Dimethylcyclopentane-1,2-dione Dimethyl dialkyl ammonium chloride. See Dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 2,3-Dimethyl-1,4-diazine. See 2,3Dimethylpyrazine 2,5-Dimethyl-1,4-diazine. See 2,5Dimethylpyrazine Dimethyl dicarbonate CAS 4525-33-1; EINECS/ELINCS 224-859-8 INS242; E242 Synonyms: Dimethyl pyrocarbonate; DMDC; Pyrocarbonic acid dimethyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C4H6O5 Formula: (CH3OCO)2O Properties: Liq.; m.w. 134.09; dens. 1.254 (20/4 C); m.p. 15-17 C; b.p. 45-46 C (5 mm); ref. index 1.393 Toxicology: Irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Moisture sensitive; may develop pressure; refrigerate; handle and store under nitrogen Uses: Preservative, yeast inhibitor for foods, wine, dealcoholized and low alcohol wine, teas, beverages; flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.133; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; Fluka Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Velcorin® Dimethyl didecyl ammonium chloride; N,NDimethyldidecylammonium chloride. See Didecyldimonium chloride 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-dihydroxy-3-hexyne. See Dimethyl hexynediol Dimethyl diketone. See Diacetyl 8,8-Dimethyl-2,6-dimethyl-2-octanol. See Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal 3,3-Dimethyl-8,9-dinorbornan-2-ol. See Fenchyl alcohol 3,3-Dimethyl-8,9-dinorbornan-2-one. See dFenchone 3,3-Dimethyl-8,9-dinorbornan-2-yl acetate. See Fenchyl acetate Dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride. See Distearyldimonium chloride 1,4-Dimethyl-3,6-dioxa-1-heptanol. See PPG-2 methyl ether Dimethyl disulfide. See Methyl disulfide Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt. See Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate Dimethyl dithiodipropionate Empirical: C8H14O4S2 Formula: (SCH2CH2COOCH3)2 Uses: Germicide in foods N,N-Dimethyl-Ndodecylbenzenemethanaminium chloride; Dimethyl dodecyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Lauralkonium chloride Dimethyl dodecyl betaine; N,NDimethyldodecylbetaine; N,N-Dimethyl-Ndodecylglycine. See Lauryl betaine Dimethylenediamine. See Ethylenediamine Dimethylene oxide. See Ethylene oxide Dimethylethanolamine CAS 108-01-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-542-8 UN 2051 (DOT) Synonyms: Deanol; 2-Dimethylaminoethanol; β-Dimethylaminoethanol; N,NDimethylaminoethanol; βDimethylaminoethyl alcohol; N,N-Dimethyl ethanolamine; N,N-Dimethyl-2hydroxyethylamine; DMAE; DMEA; Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-; βHydroxyethyldimethylamine Classification: Amino alcohol; alkanolamine Empirical: C4H11NO Formula: (CH3)2NCH2CH2OH 1162

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., amine odor; sol. in water, alcohol, ether; misc. with oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; m.w. 89.14; dens. 0.8866 (20/4 C); visc. 3.8 cps (20 C); vapor pressure 0.42 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. -64 C; b.p. 133 C; flash pt. (TCC) 39 C; autoignition temp. 295 C; ref. index 1.430; surf. tens. 28.3 dynes/cm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2 g/kg, (IP, rat) 1080 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 961 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1370 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., inh., skin contact, IP, subcut. routes; skin and severe eye irritant; CNS stimulant; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 1.80 Precaution: Flamm.; corrosive; can form explosive mixts. with air ≥ 39 C; incompat. with oxidizing agents, strong acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, nitrates, nitrous acid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry, wellventilated area away from heat and ignition sources Uses: Ion exchange membrane in prod. of grapefruit juice Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.20, 175.105, 175.300; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nippon Nyukazai http://www.sankyo.co.jp; Pelron http://www.ele-pelron.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com N,N-Dimethyl ethanolamine. See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Dimethylethanolamine Dimethyl ether hydroquinone. See pDimethoxybenzene Dimethyl ether protocatechualdehyde. See Veratraldehyde Dimethylether resorcinol. See mDimethoxybenzene 2-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-1,4-benzenediol. See tButyl hydroquinone 1-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2-methoxy-4-methyl-3,5dinitrobenzene. See Musk ambrette (1,1-Dimethylethyl)-4-methoxyphenol. See BHA 2-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-4-methoxyphenol. See 3-tButyl-4-hydroxyanisole 2,6-Dimethyl-3-ethylpyrazine. See 2-Ethyl-3,5(6)dimethylpyrazine Dimethyl formaldehyde. See Acetone Dimethyl fumarate CAS 624-49-7 Synonyms: Allomaleic acid dimethyl ester; Boletic acid dimethyl ester; 2-Butenedioic acid, diethyl ester, (E)-; trans-Butenedioic acid dimethyl ester; trans-1,2Ethylenedicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester; Fumaric acid, dimethyl ester Empirical: C6H8O4 Formula: CH3O2CCH=CHCO2CH3 Properties: M.w. 144.13; b.p. 102-103 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2240 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1250 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse, 10 min) > 3100 mg/m3; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Fungistat in tomato juice Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Wychem Ltd http://www.wychem.co.uk 1-(2,5-Dimethylfuran-3-yl) ethanone. See 3Acetyl-2,5-dimethylfuran Dimethylglyoxal. See Diacetyl 2-(2,6- Dimethyl hepta-1,5-dienyl)-4-methyl-1,3dioxolane. See Citral propylene glycol acetal 1163

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 2,6-Dimethyl heptanol-4 CAS 108-82-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-619-6 FEMA 3140 Synonyms: Diisobutyl carbinol; 2,6-Dimethyl4-heptanol; 4-Heptanol, 2,6-dimethyl-; sNonyl alcohol Classification: Nonaromatic alcohol Empirical: C9H20O Formula: [(CH3)2CHCH2]2CH2O Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol and ether; insol. in water; m.w. 144.29; sp.gr. 0.812; f.p. sets to glass at ≈ -65 C; b.p. 177.2180 C; flash pt. 66 C; ref. index 1.423 (21 C); surf. tens. 26 dynes/cm (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3560 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 800 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4600 mg/kg; primary irritant; mild skin/eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanol. See 2,6-Dimethyl heptanol-4 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone; 2,6-Dimethylheptan4-one. See Diisobutyl ketone Dimethylheptenal. See 2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal 2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal CAS 106-72-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-427-2 FEMA 2389 Synonyms: Bergamal; Dimethylheptenal; 2,6Dimethylhept-5-enal; 5-Heptenal, 2,6dimethyl-; Melomor; Melonal; Melonyl Empirical: C9H16O Formula: (CH3)2C:CH(CH2)2CH(CH3)CHO Properties: Pale yel. liq. or oil; melon odor; sol. in 2 parts 70% alcohol; m.w. 140.23; dens. 0.852-0.858; b.p. 80 C (19 mm); flash pt. (TOC) 62.2 C; ref. index 1.443-1.448 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Melon-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Aromor Flavors & Fragrances http://www.aromor.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2,6-Dimethylhept-5-enal. See 2,6-Dimethyl-5heptenal Dimethylhexadecylbenzylammonium chloride. See Cetalkonium chloride 4-(1,5-Dimethyl-4-hexylidene)-1methylcyclohexene. See γ-Bisabolene Dimethyl hexynediol CAS 142-30-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-533-4 Synonyms: 2,5-Dihydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3hexyne; 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-dihydroxy-3hexyne; 2,5-Dimethyl-3-hexyne-2,5-diol Definition: Di-tertiary acetylenic diol Empirical: C8H14O2 Formula: (CH3)2COHCCCOH(CH3)2 Properties: Wh. cryst.; very sol. in acetone, alcohol, ethyl acetate; sol. in water, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in benzene, CCl4, naphtha; m.w. 142.20; sp. gr. 0.949 C; m.p. 94-95 C; b.p. 205-206 C Precaution: Avoid contact with eyes and skin Uses: Intermediate in synthesis of flavors Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com 2,5-Dimethyl-3-hexyne-2,5-diol. See Dimethyl hexynediol 1164

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Dimethyl hydroquinone; Dimethylhydroquinone ether. See p-Dimethoxybenzene N,N-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylamine. See Dimethylethanolamine Dimethylhydroxy furanone; 2,5-Dimethyl-4hydroxy-3-furanone; 2,5-Dimethyl-4-hydroxy3-(2H)-furanone. See 4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl3(2H) furanone 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)furanone. See Furaneol acetate 1,4-Dimethyl-7-(α-hydroxyisopropyl)-[GD]9,10octahydroazulene acetate. See Guaiol acetate 3,7-Dimethyl-7-hydroxyoctanal; 3,7-Dimethyl-7hydroxyoctan-1-al; 3,7-Dimethyl-7-hydroxyoctane-1-al. See Hydroxycitronellal 3,7-Dimethyl-7-hydroxy-1-octanol. See Hydroxycitronellol 5,6-Dimethyl-8-isopropenyl bicyclo [4.4.0]-dec-1en-3-one. See Nootkatone 1,4-Dimethyl-7-isopropenyl-[GD]9,10octahydroazulene; 2,8-Dimethyl-5isopropylidene-bicyclo [5.3.0] dec-1(7)-ene. See Guaiene Dimethylketal. See Acetone Dimethylketol. See Acetyl methyl carbinol Dimethylketone. See Acetone Dimethyl lauryl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Lauralkonium chloride Dimethyl lauryl betaine. See Lauryl betaine N,N-Dimethylmethanamine. See Trimethylamine Dimethylmethane. See Propane 2,2-Dimethyl-3-methylenebicyclo [2.2.1] heptane. See Camphene 6,6-Dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo [3.1.1] heptane. See β-Pinene 7,7-Dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptane. See α-Fenchene 4-(2,2-Dimethyl-6-methylenecyclohexenyl)-3buten-2-one. See γ-Ionone 6,6-Dimethyl-2-methylene [3.1.1.] heptane. See β-Pinene (±)-7,7-Dimethyl-2-methylene-norbor. See αFenchene 2,2-Dimethyl-3-methylenenorbornane; 3,3Dimethyl-2-methylene norcamphane. See Camphene Dimethyl monosulfide. See Dimethyl sulfide Dimethyl myristyl benzylammonium chloride. See Myristalkonium chloride Dimethylnitromethane. See 2-Nitropropane N,N-Dimethyl-Noctadecylbenzenemethanaminium chloride; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Dimethyloctadecylbenzyl ammonium chloride. See Stearalkonium chloride N,N-Dimethyl-N-octadecyl-1-octadecanaminium chloride. See Distearyldimonium chloride 2,6-Dimethyloctadien-2,6-al-8; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadienal; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-al. See Citral 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal diethyl acetal. See Citral diethyl acetal 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal dimethyl acetal; 3,7Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-al dimethyl acetal. See Citral dimethyl acetal 3,7-Dimethyl-octa-2,6-diene-1-thiol; 3,7Dimethyl-2 (trans),6-octadiene-1-thiol. See Thiogeraniol 2,6-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-8-ol. See Nerol 2,6-Dimethyl-2,7-octadien-6-ol. See Linalool 2-cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol. See Nerol 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol. See Linalool 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol. See Geraniol 3,7-Dimethyl-octa-2,6-dien-1-ol; 3,7-Dimethylcis-2,6-octadien-1-ol. See Nerol 3,7-Dimethyl-trans-2,6-octadien-1-ol. See Geraniol 3,7-Dimethyl-(Z)-2,6-octadien-1-ol; cis-3,7Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol. See Nerol (E) 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol; trans-3,7Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol. See Geraniol 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol acetate. See Linalyl acetate cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol acetate. See Neryl acetate (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol acetate; trans3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol acetate. See Geranyl acetate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol 2-aminobenzoate. See Linalyl anthranilate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol benzoate. See Linalyl benzoate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol cinnamate. See Linalyl cinnamate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol formate. See Linalyl formate cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol formate. See Neryl formate trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol formate. See Geranyl formate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol isobutyrate. See Linalyl isobutyrate trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol isobutyrate. See Geranyl isobutyrate 4,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol isovalerate. See 1165

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Linalyl isovalerate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol propanoate. See Linalyl propionate cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol propionate. See Neryl propionate (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol propionate. See Geranyl propionate (Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol propionate. See Neryl propionate 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-thiol. See Thiogeraniol 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl acetate. See Linalyl acetate 3,7-Dimethyl-2-trans-6-octadienyl acetate. See Geranyl acetate cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl-acetate. See Neryl acetate (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl acetoacetate; trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl acetoacetate. See Geranyl acetoacetate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl anthranilate. See Linalyl anthranilate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl benzoate. See Linalyl benzoate 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl benzoate. See Geranyl benzoate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl butanoate. See Linalyl butyrate cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl butanoate. See Neryl butyrate (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl butanoate. See Geranyl butyrate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl butyrate. See Linalyl butyrate 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl butyrate; trans3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl butyrate. See Geranyl butyrate (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl ester, hexanoic acid. See Geranyl hexanoate (Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl ester isovaleric acid. See Neryl isovalerate trans-2,6-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-8-yl ethanoate. See Geranyl acetate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl formate. See Linalyl formate 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl formate; (E)-3,7Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl formate; trans-3,7Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl formate. See Geranyl formate Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl hexanoate; (E)-3,7Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl-n-hexanoate. See Geranyl hexanoate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl isobutyrate. See Linalyl isobutyrate cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl isobutyrate. See Neryl isobutyrate trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl isobutyrate. See Geranyl isobutyrate trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl isopentanoate. See Geranyl isovalerate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl isovalerate. See Linalyl isovalerate 3,7-Dimethyl-2-cis-6-octadien-1-yl isovalerate. See Neryl isovalerate 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl mercaptan. See Thiogeraniol cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl methanoate. See Neryl formate cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl 3methylbutanoate. See Neryl isovalerate (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl 3methylbutanoate. See Geranyl isovalerate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl octanoa. See Linalyl octanoate 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl phenylacetate. See Linalyl phenylacetate 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl phenylacetate; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl phenylacetate; trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl phenylacetate. See Geranyl phenylacetate cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl propanoate. See Neryl propionate (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl propanoate; 3,7Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl propionate. See Geranyl propionate 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-3-yl propionate. See Linalyl propionate trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl propionate. See Geranyl propionate 4α,5-Dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4α,5,6,7-octahydro-7-keto3-isopropenylnahthalen. See Nootkatone 2,6-Dimethyl octanal CAS 7779-07-9 FEMA 2390 Synonyms: 2,6-Dimethyl octanoic aldehyde; Isoaldehyde C-10; Isodecylaldehyde Empirical: C10H20O Properties: Colorless liq., sweet fruity odor, somewhat green flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 156.26 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 1166

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 3,7-Dimethyloctane-1,7-diol; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,7octanediol. See Hydroxycitronellol 3,7-Dimethyloctane-3-ol. See Tetrahydrolinalool 2,6-Dimethyl octanoic aldehyde. See 2,6Dimethyl octanal Dimethyl octanol; 2,6-Dimethyl-8-octanol. See 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol CAS 106-21-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-374-5 FEMA 2391 Synonyms: Dihydrocitronellol; Dimethyl octanol; 2,6-Dimethyl-8-octanol; 3,7Dimethyloctan-1-ol; Geraniol tetrahydride; Perhydrogeraniol; Tetrahydrogeraniol Classification: acrylic terpene Definition: Usually prepared by hydrogenation of geraniol, citronellol, or citronellal Empirical: C10H22O Formula: (CH3)2CH(CH2)3CH(CH3)CH2CH2OH Properties: Colorless liq., sweet rosy odor, bitter taste; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, propylene glycol, alcohol, hydrocarbon solvs.; insol. in glycerol; m.w. 158.29; dens. 0.828 (20/4 C); b.p. 98-99 C (9 mm); flash pt. 97 C; ref. index 1.435 (20 C); tenacity 12 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 2-217); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; DRT http://www.drt.fr; http://www.drt.fr/en; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trade Names: Dimethyloctanol P&F 3,7-Dimethyloctan-1-ol. See 3,7-Dimethyl-1octanol 3,7-Dimethyl-3-octanol; 3,7-Dimethyloctan-3-ol. See Tetrahydrolinalool 3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene. See Ocimene 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenal; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1al. See Citronellal 2,6-Dimethyl-2-octen-8-ol; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen1-ol; 3,7-Dimethyl-oct-6-en-1-ol. See βCitronellol 3,7-Dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol. See Rhodinol (3S)-3,7-Dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol; S-(-)-3,7Dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol. See (-)-Rhodinol 2,6-Dimethyl-2-octen-8-ol acetate; 3,7-Dimethyl6-octen-1-ol acetate. See Citronellyl acetate 3,7-Dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol acetate. See Rhodinyl acetate 2,6-Dimethyl-2-octen-8-ol butyrate; 3,7-Dimethyl6-octen-1-ol butyrate. See Rhodinyl butyrate 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol formate. See Citronellyl formate 3,7-Dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol formate. See Rhodinyl formate 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl acetate. See Citronellyl acetate 3,7-Dimethyl-7-octenyl butanoate; 2,6-Dimethyl2-octen-8-yl butyrate. See Rhodinyl butyrate 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl butyrate. See Citronellyl butyrate 2,6-Dimethyl-2-octen-8-yl formate; 3,7-Dimethyl6-octen-1-yl formate. See Citronellyl formate 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl isobutyrate. See Citronellyl isobutyrate 3,7-Dimethyl-6 or 7-octen-1-yl isobutyrate. See Rhodinyl isobutyrate (S)-3,7-Dimethyloct-7-enyl isovalerate. See Rhodinyl isovalerate 3,7-Dimethyl-6 or 7-octen-1-yl methanoate. See Rhodinyl formate 3,7-Dimethyloct-6-enyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Citronellyl isovalerate (S)-3,7-Dimethyloct-7-enyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Rhodinyl isovalerate 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl 2-methylpropanoate; 3,7-Dimethyloct-6-enyl 2-methylpropanoate. See Citronellyl isobutyrate 3,7-Dimethyl-6 or 7-octen-1-yl 2-methyl propanoate. See Rhodinyl isobutyrate ((3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenyl) oxy) acetaldehyde. See Citronelloxyacetaldehyde 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl phenylacetate. See 1167

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Citronellyl phenylacetate 3,7-Dimethyl-7-octenyl phenylacetate. See Rhodinyl phenylacetate 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenyl propanoate; 3,7Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl propionate. See Citronellyl propionate 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl valerate. See Citronellyl valerate Dimethylol dimethyl hydantoin; 1,3-Dimethylol5,5-dimethyl hydantoin; Dimethylol-5,5dimethylhydantoin. See DMDM hydantoin 4,5-Dimethylol-3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine. See Pyridoxine 6,10-Dimethyl-3-oxa-9-undecenal. See Citronelloxyacetaldehyde 2,5-Dimethyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydrofur-3-yl acetate. See Furaneol acetate α,α-Dimethylphenethyl acetate. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate α,α-Dimethylphenethyl alcohol. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinol α,α-Dimethylphenethyl alcohol acetate. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate α,α-Dimethylphenethyl butanoate. See α,αDimethylphenethyl butyrate α,α-Dimethylphenethyl butyrate CAS 10094-34-5; EINECS/ELINCS 233-221-8 FEMA 2394 Synonyms: Benzyl dimethylcarbinyl butyrate; Dimethylbenzylcarbinyl butyrate; α,αDimethylphenethyl butanoate; DMBC butyrate Classification: aromatic compd. Definition: Obtained by esterification of dimethyl benzyl carbinol with n-butyric acid Empirical: C14H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq., plum-prune odor, apricot/peach/plum-like taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 220.31 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low oral toxicity; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Eramex Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol CAS 103-05-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-074-4 FEMA 3629 Synonyms: Benzyl-t-butanol; 2-Butanol, 2methyl-4-phenyl-; α,αDimethylbenzenepropanol; Dimethyl phenylethyl carbinol; 1,1-Dimethyl-3phenylpropanol; 1,1-Dimethyl-3-phenyl-1propanol; α,α-Dimethyl-δ-phenylpropyl alcohol; 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butanol; 2Methyl-4-phenylbutan-2-ol; Phenylethyl dimethyl carbinol; 2-(2-Phenylethyl)-2propanol; 4-Phenyl-2-methyl-2-butanol; 4Phenyl-2-methyl-butanol-2; 1-Propanol, 1,1dimethyl-3-phenylClassification: Aromatic alcohol Empirical: C11H16O Properties: Colorless cryst.; floral odor; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 164.25; dens. 0.96 kg/l (20 C); m.p. 31-33 C; b.p. 144 C (85 mm); ref. index 1.5090 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2200 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3500 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Dimethyl phenethyl carbinyl acetate. See 2Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl acetate Dimethylphenethyl carbinyl isobutyrate. See 2Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl isobutyrate α,α-Dimethylphenethyl formate CAS 10058-43-2 FEMA 2395 Synonyms: Benzyl dimethylcarbinyl formate; 2-Benzyl-2-propyl formate; Dimethylbenzylcarbinyl formate; DMBC formate Definition: Synthesized from dimethyl benzyl carbinol and formic acid using acetic anhydride Empirical: C11H14O2 1168

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Colorless liq., lily-jasmine odor, spicy taste; sol. in alcohol; almost insol. in water; m.w. 178.23 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 2,5-Dimethylphenol. See 2,5-Xylenol 2,6-Dimethylphenol. See 2,6-Xylenol 3,4-Dimethylphenol. See 3,4-Xylenol 3,6-Dimethylphenol. See 2,5-Xylenol 4,5-Dimethylphenol. See 3,4-Xylenol 1,1-Dimethyl-2-phenyl acetate. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate N-[2-[(2,6-Dimethylphenyl) amino]-2-oxoethyl]N,N-diethylbenzenemethanaminium benzoate. See Denatonium benzoate 1,1-Dimethyl-2-phenylethanol. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinol Dimethyl phenylethyl carbinol. See Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol Dimethyl phenylethyl carbinyl acetate. See 2Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl acetate Dimethylphenylethyl carbinyl isobutyrate. See 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl isobutyrate 4,5- Dimethyl-2-(phenyl methyl)-1,3-dioxolane. See Phenylacetaldehyde 2,3-butylene glycol acetal 1,1-Dimethyl-3-phenylpropanol; 1,1-Dimethyl-3phenyl-1-propanol. See Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol 1,1-Dimethyl-3-phenylpropyl acetate. See 2Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl acetate α,α-Dimethyl-δ-phenylpropyl alcohol. See Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol (1,1-Dimethyl-3-phenylpropyl) ester acetic acid. See 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl acetate 1,1-Dimethyl-3-phenylpropyl isobutyrate; 1,1Dimethyl-3-phenylpropyl 2-methylpropanoate. See 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl isobutyrate Dimethylpolysiloxane. See Polydimethylsiloxane; Dimethicone Dimethylpolysiloxane hydrolyzate. See Dimethylsiloxane 3,3-Dimethyl-1-propanethiol. See 3-Methyl-1butanethiol 2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid ethyl ester; 2,2Dimethylpropionic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl pivalate 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine CAS 5910-89-4; EINECS/ELINCS 227-630-0 FEMA 3271 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: 2,3-Dimethyl-1,4-diazine Classification: pyrazine Empirical: C6H8N2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., nutty cocoa odor; misc. with water, org. solvs.; m.w. 108.16; dens. 1.000-1.022 (20 C); vapor dens. 3.7; b.p. 182 C; flash pt. (OC) 147 F; ref. index 1.506-1.509 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 613 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1390 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; eye, skin, respiratory system irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear protective gloves, splash-proof goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx, COx Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, meats, soups Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Chunking http://www.chunkingchem.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine CAS 123-32-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-618-3 FEMA 3272 Synonyms: 2,5-Dimethyl-1,4-diazine Classification: pyrazine Empirical: C6H8N2 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq.; char. aminelike odor; misc. with water, ethanol, org. solvs.; m.w. 108.14; dens. 0.990; vapor dens. 3.7; m.p. 15 C; b.p. 155 C; flash pt. (OC) 147 F; ref. 1169

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference index 1.497-1.501 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1020 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1350 mg/kg; irritant; mod. toxic by ingestion and IP routes; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx, COx NFPA: Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, tobacco Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; WackerChemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine CAS 108-50-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-589-4 FEMA 3273 Classification: pyrazine Empirical: C6H8N2 Properties: Wh. to yel. cryst. or prisms; nutty coffee odor; sol. in water, ethanol; m.w. 108.14; dens. 0.965 (50 C); m.p. 35-40 C; b.p. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

154 C; flash pt. 127 F; ref. index 1.47481.5013 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 880 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1080 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP route; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 2,6-Dimethylpyridine; α-α´-Dimethylpyridine. See 2,6-Lutidine Dimethyl pyrocarbonate. See Dimethyl dicarbonate 1,3-Dimethyl pyrogallate. See 2,6-Dimethoxy phenol 2,5-Dimethylpyrrole CAS 625-84-3 Classification: Pyrrole Empirical: C6H9N Properties: M.w. 95.15; dens. 0.935 g.ml; b.p. 165 C (740 mm); ref. index 1.505; flash pt. 130 F; flammable Toxicology: Eye, skin, and resp. tract irritant; toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin ,and if swallowed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk Dimethylresorcinol. See m-Dimethoxybenzene 1170

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 6,7-Dimethyl-9-d-ribitylisoalloxazine; 7,8Dimethyl-10-(d-ribityl) isoalloxazine; 7,8Dimethyl-1-(d-ribo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentyl) isoalloxazine. See Riboflavin Dimethyl salicylate. See Methyl omethoxybenzoate Dimethyl silicone. See Dimethicone Dimethyl silicones and siloxanes, reaction prods. with silica. See Siloxanes and silicones, dimethyl, reaction prods. with silica Dimethylsiloxane CAS 63148-62-9 Synonyms: Dimethicone; Dimethylpolysiloxane hydrolyzate; αMethyl-ω-methoxypolydimethylsiloxane; Polydimethylsiloxane, methyl end-blocked; Poly (oxy (dimethylsilylene)); Polyoxy (dimethylsilylene), α-(trimethylsilyl)-ωhydroxy; Silicone oil; Silicone oils; Siloxane, dimethyl-; Siloxanes and silicones, dimethyl-; α-(Trimethylsilyl) poly (oxy (dimethylsilylene))-ω-methyl; α(Trimethylsilyl)-ω-((trimethylsilyl) oxy) Classification: Silane Properties: Sp. gr. 0.963; b.p. > 140 C (0.002 mm); ref. index 1.4040 Toxicology: TDLo (subcut., mouse) 120 g/kg; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; mutagen; TSCA listed Uses: Antifoam for fermentation, foods (beverages, syrups, chewing gum bases, yeast mfg., wine, vinegar, jams, cooking oils, chocolate, etc.) Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names: Dow Corning® Q7-2243 LVA; Hodag® CO-350; Hodag® FD-62 K; Hodag® FD-82K Trade Names Containing: Dow Corning® Antifoam 1500; DPO™ 100; Foam Buster™; ProKote™ C; ProKote™ VS SAF-119FG; SAF-129FG; SAF-139FG Dimethyl stearyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Stearalkonium chloride α,4-Dimethylstyrene; α,p-Dimethylstyrene. See p-α-Dimethylstyrene p-α-Dimethylstyrene CAS 1195-32-0; EINECS/ELINCS 214-795-9 FEMA 3144 Synonyms: Benzene, 1-methyl-4-(1Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

methylethenyl)-; Dehydro p-cymene; α,4Dimethylstyrene; α,p-Dimethylstyrene; 4Isopropenyl toluene; p-Isopropenyl toluene; 1-Methyl-4-isopropenylbenzene; 1-Methyl-4(1-methylethenyl) benzene; 4-Methyl-αmethylstyrene; p-Methyl-α-methylstyrene; 2-(p-Methylphenyl) propene; Styrene, p,αdimethyl-; 2-p-Tolyl propene Empirical: C10H12 Formula: CH3C6H4C(CH3)CH2 Properties: Colorless liq.; citrus, pine-like odor on dil.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 132.22; sp.gr. 0.894-0.904; m.p. -28 C; b.p. 186-190 C; flash pt. (CC) 62 C; ref. index 1.530-1.539 (20 C) Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; vapor/mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, ignition sources, naked flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, AICS, China, DSL, ENCS, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; ProSynth Ltd http://www.prosynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Dimethyl succinate CAS 106-65-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-419-9 FEMA 2396 Synonyms: Butanedioic acid, dimethyl ester; Dimethyl butanedioate; Methyl succinate; Succinic acid, dimethyl ester Empirical: C6H10O4 Formula: CH3OCOCH2CH2COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq., ethereal winey odor; sol. 8 g/l in water; m.w. 146.14; dens. 1.119 (20/4 C); m.p. 16-19 C; b.p. 190-193 C; flash pt. 90 C; ref. index 1.419 1171

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; sl. toxic by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; DSM Chem. N. Am.; DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Dimethyl sulfide CAS 75-18-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-846-2 UN 1164 (DOT); FEMA 2746 Synonyms: Dimethyl monosulfide; DMS; Methyl sulfide; Methyl thioether; Methylthiomethane; 2-Thiapropane; Thiobismethane; Thiopropane; 2Thiopropane Empirical: C2H6S Formula: (CH3)2S Properties: Colorless to straw-colored liq., disagreeable cabbage-like odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 62.14; dens. 0.8458; m.p. -83.2 C; b.p. 37.5-38 C; flash pt. -38 C; autoignition temp. 206 C; ref. index 1.435 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3300 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 8 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat) 40,250 ppm; poison by inh.; mod. toxic by ing.; skin and severe eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire hazard; flamm. limits in air 2.2-19.7%; explosive as vapor; vigorous reactions with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of SOx and may explode NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 4, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Gaylord http://www.gaylordchem.com I. P. Callison http://www.ipcallison.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Trade Names Containing: Tomato Oil 010 3-[(2,4-Dimethyl-5-sulfophenyl) azo]-4-hydroxy1-naphthalenesulfonic acid disodium salt. See Ponceau SX; FD&C Red No. 4 N,N-Dimethyl-Ntetradecylbenzenemethanaminium chloride. See Myristalkonium chloride 3,6-Dimethyl-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-2(4H)benzofuranone. See Menthalactone 4,4´-(2,3-Dimethyltetramethylene) dipyrocatechol. See Nordihydroguaiaretic acid Dimethyl p-tolyl carbinol. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol 5-(2,3-Dimethyltricyclo [2.2.1.02,6] hept-3-yl)-2methylpent-2-en-1-ol. See Santalol 5-(2,3-Dimethyltricyclo [2.2.1.02,6] hept-3-yl)-2methylpent-2-en-1-ol acetate. See Santalyl acetate 3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatretraen-1-ol. See Retinol 1172

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Dimethyl trisulfate. See Dimethyl trisulfide Dimethyl trisulfide CAS 3658-80-8; EINECS/ELINCS 222-910-9 FEMA 3275 Synonyms: Dimethyl trisulfate; Methyl trisulfide; Methyl trithio methane; Trisulfide, dimethyl; 2,3,4-Trithiapentane Empirical: C2H6S3 Formula: CH3SSSCH3 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. clear liq.; stench, strong onion-garlic meat odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol, oil; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 126.25; dens. 1.202 g/ml; m.p. -68 C; b.p. 41 C (6 mm Hg); flash pt. 43 C; ref. index 1.602 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation; exposure may cause nausea, headache, vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from ignition sources, heat, open flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods (garlic, onion, spice, meat, soup, savory flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 6,10-Dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one; 6,10Dimethyl-undeca-5,9-dien-2-one; (E)-6,10Dimethylundeca-5,9-dien-2-one; trans-6,10Dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one. See Geranyl acetone 6,10-Dimethyl-9-undecen-2-one. See Tetrahydro-pseudo-ionone 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexen-1-ol benzoate. See Linalyl benzoate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexen-1-ol cinnamate. See Linalyl cinnamate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexen-1-yl-oaminobenzoate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enyl anthranilate. See Linalyl anthranilate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl benzoate; 1,5Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexen-1-yl benzoate. See Linalyl benzoate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl hex-4-enyl butanoate. See Linalyl butyrate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexen-1-yl cinnamate. See Linalyl cinnamate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexenyl ester, isobutyric acid. See Linalyl isobutyrate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl formate. See Linalyl formate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl hex-4-enyl hexanoate. See Linalyl hexanoate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl isovalerate; 1,5Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl 3methylbutanoate. See Linalyl isovalerate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl 2methylpropanoate. See Linalyl isobutyrate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexenyl octanoate. See Linalyl octanoate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl phenylacetate. See Linalyl phenylacetate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl 3-phenyl-2propenoate. See Linalyl cinnamate 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl propionate. See Linalyl propionate 3,7-Dimethylxanthine. See Theobromine 2,6-Dimethypyridine. See 2,6-Lutidine Dimeticone. See Dimethicone (E)-3,7-Dimetyyl-2,6-octadienyl benzoate. See Geranyl benzoate Dinitrogen monoxide; Dinitrogen oxide. See Nitrous oxide 2,6-Dinitro-3-methoxy-4-t-butyltoluene; 2,6Dinitro-3-methoxy-1-methyl-4-t-butylbenzene. See Musk ambrette Dinkum oil. See Eucalyptus globulus oil Dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. See Distearyldimonium chloride Dioctadecyl thiodipropionate; 3,3´-Dioctadecyl thiodipropionate; Di-n-octadecyl 3,3´thiodipropionate. See Distearyl thiodipropionate Dioctrahedral smectite. See Attapulgite Dioctyl phthalate. See s-Dioctyl phthalate s-Dioctyl phthalate CAS 117-81-7; EINECS/ELINCS 204-211-0 Synonyms: BEHP; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester; Bis (2ethylhexyl)-1,2-benzenedicarboxylate; Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; DEHP; Di (21173

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ethylhexyl) orthophthalate; Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; Dioctyl phthalate; Di-s-octyl phthalate; Ethylhexyl phthalate; 2Ethylhexyl phthalate; Phthalic acid, bis (2ethylhexyl) ester; Phthalic acid, dioctyl ester Definition: Diester of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol and phthalic acid Empirical: C24H38O4 Formula: C6H4[COOCH2CH(C2H5)C4H9]2 Properties: Lt. colored liq.; odorless; misc. with min. oil; insol. in water; m.w. 390.56; dens. 0.985 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 1.32 mm Hg (200 C); pour pt. -46 C; b.p. 231 C (5 mm); flash pt. 199 C; ref. index 1.486 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; STEL 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 30 g/kg, (IP, rat) 30,700 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 250 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 25 g/kg; poison by IV route; GI effects on ing.; primary irritant; may cause irritation of eyes and mucous membranes on overexposure; experimental teratogen; tumorigen, mutagen, reproductive effector; confirmed carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Plasticizer migrating from food pkg. (for foods of high water content only) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1400, 177.2600, 178.3120, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.27; FDA approved for ophthalmics, injectables; Canada DSL; HAP Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chisso Am.; Eastman http://www.eastman.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Di-s-octyl phthalate. See s-Dioctyl phthalate Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate CAS 577-11-7; 1369-66-3; EINECS/ELINCS 209406-4 INS480 Synonyms: Bis (2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate; 1,4-Bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfobutanedioic acid sodium salt; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Butanedioic acid, sulfo-,1,4-bis( 2ethylhexyl ) ester, sodium salt; Dioctyl sulfosodiumsuccinate; Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt; Docusate sodium; DSS; 2-Ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium; NaDOSS; Sodium 1,4-bis (2ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate; Sodium bis (2ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate; Sodium di (2ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate; Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; Sulfobutanedioic acid 1,4bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt; Sulfosuccinic acid 1,4-bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt Definition: Sodium salt of the diester of 2ethylhexyl alcohol and sulfosuccinic acid Empirical: C20H37NaO7S Formula: C8H17OOCCH2CH(SO3Na)COOC8H17 Properties: Wh. wax-like solid, char. octyl alcohol odor; slowly sol. in water; freely sol. in alcohol, glycerol, CCl4, acetone, xylene, hexane; m.w. 445.63; m.p. 173-179 C; anionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 590 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 60 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP routes; poison by IV route; skin, severe eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; preserve in well-closed containers Uses: Emulsifier, processing aid for cane sugar; wetting agent, dispersant, emulsifier, solubilizer in foods; emulsifier for cocoa fat; diluent in food colorants; flavoring agent for dry beverage mixes (with cocoa); wetting agent in fumaric acidacidulated foods, drinks; processing aid, wetting agent for fumaric acid (with EO/PO copolymers) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, with cocoa, 131.130, 133.124, 133.133, 133.134, 133.162, 133.178, 133.179, 163.114, 163.117, 169.115, 169.150, 172.520, 172.808, 172.810, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2800, 178.1010, 178.3400; USDA 9 CFR §318.7, 381.147; FDA approved for injectables (IM), orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alco http://www.alcochemical.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland 1174

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.ashchem.com; Atlas Refinery http://www.atlasrefinery.com Brotherton Ltd http://www.brotherton.co.uk; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Burlington Chem. http://www.burco.com; Ceres Chem. http://www.cereschemical.com/; Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.c om Chemial SpA http://www.chemial.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com DeForest Enterprises http://www.deforest.net; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eastern Color & Chem. http://easterncolor.net; Finetex http://www.finetexinc.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com McIntyre http://www.mcintyregroup.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Venchem http://www.venchem.co.uk; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Complemix® 100 Dioctyl sulfosodiumsuccinate; Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Dioleic acid, diester with decaglycerol. See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Polyglyceryl-10 dioleate Dioleic acid, diester with hexaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate 1,4-Dioxacycloheptadecane-5,17-dione. See Ethylene brassylate 1,3-Dioxaindane. See 1,2Methylenedioxybenzene 1,1-Dioxide-1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one sodium salt. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous 1,3-Dioxolane, 4-methyl-2-pentyl-. See Hexanal propylene glycol acetal m-Dioxybenzene. See Resorcinol Dioxymethyleneprotocatechuic aldehyde. See Heliotropine Dipanol. See dl-Limonene Dipentene. See l-Limonene Dipentene (INCI). See dl-Limonene Dipentene polymer. See Polydipentene 2,4-Di-t-pentylphenol. See 2,4-Di-t-amylphenol Diphenyl. See Biphenyl Diphenyl disulfide. See Phenyl disulfide Diphenyl ether. See Diphenyl oxide Diphenyl-2-ethylhexyl phosphate. See Diphenyl octyl phosphate Diphenyl ketone; Diphenyl methanone. See Benzophenone Di (phenylmethyl) disulfide. See Benzyl disulfide Diphenyl octyl phosphate CAS 1241-94-7 Synonyms: Diphenyl-2-ethylhexyl phosphate; DPOF; 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol ester with diphenyl phosphate; 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl ester phosphoric acid; 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate; Octyl diphenyl phosphate Empirical: C20H27O4P Properties: Colorless liq.; nonvolatile; insol. in water; m.w. 362.44; dens. 1.088-1.093; visc. 25 mPa•s (20 C); flash pt. (COC) 224 C; ref. index 1.507-1.510 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 930 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rabbit) 272 mg/kg; poison by IV route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx Uses: Plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 181.27; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Ashland 1175

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.ashchem.com; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com Trade Names: Santicizer® 141 o-Diphenylol. See o-Phenylphenol Diphenyl oxide CAS 101-84-8; EINECS/ELINCS 202-981-2 FEMA 3667 Synonyms: Biphenyl oxide; Diphenyl ether; Geranium crystals; 1,1´-Oxybisbenzene; Phenoxybenzene; Phenyl ether Classification: Aromatic ether Empirical: C12H10O Formula: (C6H5)2O Properties: Colorless cryst.; geranium odor; sol. in ethanol, benzene, diethyl ether, glac. acetic acid; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 170.21; dens. 1.073;' vapor pressure 0.0213 mm Hg; m.p. 26-30 C; b.p. 259 C; flash pt. 96 C; autoignition temp. 618 C; ref. index 1.5790; surf. tens. 38.82 dynes/cm Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 ppm; STEL 2 ppm (vapor); LD50 (oral, rat) 3370 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; harmful vapor; avoid contact and inh.; primary skin and eye irritant; prolonged exposure causes liver/spleen/kidney/thyroid damage, GI upset; target organs: eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, spleen, thyroid; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 2.63 Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; LEL 0.8%; UEL 1.5%; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, soft candy, beverages Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com D&O http://dochem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Haltermann

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Schenectady Herdillia Ltd http://www.siigroup.com/herdillia/index.htm l 1,3-Diphenyl-2-propanone CAS 102-04-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-000-0 FEMA 2397 Synonyms: Benzyl ketone; Dibenzyl ketone Classification: aromatic ketone Empirical: C15H14O Formula: (C6H5CH2)2CO Properties: Low-melting solid, bitter almond odor; sol. in ether; insol. in water; m.w. 210.28; m.p. 32-34 C; b.p. 330 C; flash pt. > 230 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Diphosphoric acid, calcium salt (1:2). See Calcium pyrophosphate Diphosphoric acid disodium salt. See Sodium acid pyrophosphate Diphosphoric acid tetrapotassium salt. See Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate Diphosphoric acid tetrasodium salt. See Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Dipotassium (E)-but-2-enedioate. See Potassium fumarate Dipotassium carbonate. See Potassium carbonate Dipotassium dichloride. See Potassium chloride Dipotassium diphosphate INS450(iv) Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, pH control agent, raising agent, sequestrant, water retention agent in foods Dipotassium disulfite. See Potassium metabisulfite Dipotassium EDTA dihydrate CAS 25102-12-9 Synonyms: Edetate dipotassium; EDTA 1176

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference dipotassium; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, dipotassium salt dihydrate; (Ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid, dipotassium salt Classification: Nonaromatic amino acid Empirical: C10H14K2N2O8 • 2H2O Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. in water; m.w. 404.47; m.p. 272 C (dec.) Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Storage: Store @ R.T. in tightly closed container Uses: Antioxidant for foods Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Interchem http://www.interchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Dipotassium guanosine-5´-monophosphate. See Dipotassium 5´-guanylate Dipotassium 5´-guanylate CAS 3254-39-5 INS628; E628 Synonyms: Dipotassium guanosine-5´monophosphate; Potassium guanylate; Potassium 5´-guanylate Empirical: C10H12K2N5O8P Properties: Colorless or wh. cryst. or wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; freely sol. in water; pract. insol. in ethanol; m.w. 439.40 Uses: Flavor enhancer in foods Dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate; Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate. See Potassium phosphate dibasic Dipotassium inosine-5'-monophosphate. See Potassium inosinate Dipotassium DL-malate. See Potassium malate Dipotassium monophosphate; Dipotassium orthophosphate. See Potassium phosphate dibasic Dipotassium persulfate. See Potassium persulfate Dipotassium phosphate. See Potassium phosphate dibasic Dipotassium pyrosulfite. See Potassium metabisulfite Dipotassium salt of hydroxybutanedioic acid. See Potassium malate Dipotassium L-(+)-tartrate. See Potassium acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

tartrate Dipropionyl. See 3,4-Hexanedione Dipropyl disulfide. See Propyl disulfide Dipropylene glycol methyl ether; Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether. See PPG-2 methyl ether Dipropyl ketone. See 4-Heptanone Dipropyl methane. See Heptane Dipropyl trisulfide CAS 6028-61-1; EINECS/ELINCS 227-903-4 FEMA 3276 Synonyms: Propyl trisulfide; Propyl trithio propane Empirical: C6H14S3 Properties: Pale to sl. yel. liq.; onion, sulfur, garlic odor; m.w. 182.36; flash pt. 75 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, soups, condiments, pickles Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Disodium acid phosphate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Disodium butanedioate. See Sodium succinate Disodium calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. See Calcium disodium EDTA Disodium capryloamphodiacetate CAS 7702-01-4; 68298-18-0; 68608-64-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-721-0; 269-544-6; 271792-5 Synonyms: Capryloamphocarboxyglycinate; Capryloamphodiacetate; Disodium N-[2(carboxylatomethoxy) ethyl]-N-[2-[(1oxooctyl) amino] ethyl] glycinate; 1HImidazolium, 1-[2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl]1-(carboxymethyl)-2-heptyl-4,5-dihydro-, hydroxide, disodium salt Classification: Amphoteric organic compd. Empirical: C16H31N2O6 • 2Na Properties: Amphoteric Uses: Emulsifier, washing and peeling aid in foods Features: Low foaming Regulatory: Canada DSL Trade Names: Miranol® J2M Conc. 1177

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Disodium carbonate. See Sodium carbonate Disodium carbonate, compd. with hydrogen peroxide (2:3); Disodium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide (2:3). See Sodium percarbonate Disodium N-[2-(carboxylatomethoxy) ethyl]-N-[2[(1-oxooctyl) amino] ethyl] glycinate. See Disodium capryloamphodiacetate Disodium citrate CAS 144-33-2 INS331(ii); E331 Synonyms: Disodium hydrogen citrate; Disodium monohydrogen citrate; Sodium citrate Empirical: C6H6O7 • 2Na Properties: Wh. cryst. or gran. powd., odorless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 236.10; m.p. loses water @ 150 C; b.p. dec. @ red heat Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 1724 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 71 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 2580 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP and subcut. routes; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke, toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Buffer, pH control agent, nutrient, sequestrant, curing accelerator, emulsifier, stabilizer, antioxidant, antioxidant synergist in foods, cultured buttermilk, poultry, cured meat prods., coffee whiteners, margarine, evaporated milk, pork; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §181.29, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Disodium cyanodithioimidocarbonate CAS 138-93-2 Synonyms: Carbamodithioic acid, cyano-, disodium salt; Cyanodithioimidocarbonate, disodium; Imidocarbonic acid, cyanodithio, disodium salt Empirical: C2N2Na2S2 Properties: Orangish powd.; m.w. 162.1 Uses: Antimicrobial in cane-sugar and beetsugar mills Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.320, 175.105, 176.300, 178.3120, 181.30 Disodium dihydrogen diphosphate. See Sodium acid pyrophosphate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate. See Disodium EDTA Disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate; Disodium diphosphate. See Sodium acid pyrophosphate Disodium disulfite. See Sodium metabisulfite Disodium dithionate; Disodium dithionite. See Sodium hydrosulfite Disodium edetate. See Disodium EDTA Disodium EDTA CAS 139-33-3 (anhyd.); 6381-92-6 (dihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 205-358-3 INS386 Synonyms: Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate; Disodium edetate; Disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate; Edetate disodium; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium salt; (Ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid, sodium salt; Glycine, N,N´-1,2ethanediylbis[N-(carboxymethyl)-, disodium salt dihydrate Classification: Substituted diamine Empirical: C10H14N2Na2O8 Formula: (–OOCCH2)2NCH2CH2N(CH2COO–)2 2H+ • 2Na+ Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; freely sol. in water; m.w. 336.24 (anhyd.), 372.24 (dihydrate); m.p. 252 (dec.); pH 4-6 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 56 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 260 mg/kg; poison by IP and IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Preservative, preservative synergist, antioxidant, stabilizer, chelating agent in foods; sequestrant in nonnutritive sweeteners; color retention aid in canned peas; stabilizer for Vitamin B12 in multivitamin preps. (with iron salts); hog scald agent; antioxidant (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 155.200, 169.115, 169.140, 169.150, 172.120, 172.135, 175.105, 176.150, 176.170, 177.1200, 177.2800, 178.1010, 178.3570, 178.3910, 573.360; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Canada DSL; 1178

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Japan approved (0.25 g/kg max. as calcium disodium EDTA); FDA approved for injectables, inhalants, IV, ophthalmics, orals, otics, rectals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Bimal Pharma Chem Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Hampshire Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Dissolvine® NA-2-P; Protacide™ NA2 P; Versene NA Disodium 1,2-ethanebis (carbamodithioate); Disodium ethylene bisdithiocarbamate; Disodium ethylene-1,2-bisdithiocarbamate. See Nabam Disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate. See Disodium EDTA Disodium glycyrrhizin. See Disodium glycyrrhizinate Disodium glycyrrhizinate CAS 71277-79-7 Synonyms: Disodium glycyrrhizin; Glycyrrhizinic acid disodium salt Empirical: C42H62O16 • 2Na Properties: M.w. 869.02 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 144 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mutagen Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Sweetener for foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: ; Japan approved Disodium GMP; Disodium guanosine-5´monophosphate. See Disodium guanylate Disodium guanylate CAS 5550-12-9 (anhyd.) FEMA 3668; INS627; E627 Synonyms: Disodium GMP; Disodium guanosine-5´-monophosphate; Disodium 5´-guanylate; GMP; GMP disodium salt; GMP sodium salt; G-5´-P; Guanosine 5´disodium phosphate; Guanosine monophosphate disodium salt; Guanosine 5´-monophosphate disodium salt; Guanylic acid sodium salt; Sodium GMP; Sodium guanosine-5´-monophosphate; Sodium guanylate; Sodium-5´-guanylate Empirical: C10H12N5O8P • 2Na Formula: Na2C10H12N5O8P • 2HOH Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst., char. taste; sol. in cold water, very sol. in hot water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 407.18 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 15 g/kg, (IP, rat) 3880 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 3400 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 2720 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP, subcut., IV routes; mildly toxic by ing.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx, NOx, Na2O Storage: Moisture-sensitive; keep under argon Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods, baked goods, ice cream, canned foods, meats, poultry, sauces, snack foods, soups, soft candy, puddings, beverages, fats and oils, dairy prods., condiments, seasonings, etc. Features: 200 times stronger than MSG Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §155.120, 155.130, 155.170, 155.200, 155.201, 170.60, 172.530; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Ajitide™ GMP Trade Names Containing: Ajitide™ I+G Disodium 5´-guanylate. See Disodium guanylate 1179

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Disodium hydrogen citrate. See Disodium citrate Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate; Disodium hydrogen phosphate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate Disodium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate Disodium 3-hydroxy-4-((2,4,5-trimethylphenyl) azo)-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonate; Disodium 3hydroxy-4-((2,4,5-trimethylphenyl) azo)-2,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid. See Ponceau 3R Disodium IMP. See Disodium inosinate Disodium indigo-5,5-disulfonate. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 Disodium inosinate CAS 4691-65-0 FEMA 3669; INS631; E631 Synonyms: Disodium IMP; Disodium 5´inosinate; Disodium inosine 5´monophosphate; Disodium inosine-5´phosphate; IMP; IMP disodium salt; IMP sodium salt; Inosine 5´-disodium phosphate; Inosine-5´-monophosphate disodium; Sodium inosinate; Sodium 5´inosinate Definition: A 5´-nucleotide derived from seaweed or dried fish Empirical: C10H11N4O8P • 2Na Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst., char. taste; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 392.17 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,900 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 2730 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 3900 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 4850 mg/kg; mod. toxic by several routes; experimental teratogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx, NOx, Na2O Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, soups, snack foods, beverages, gravies, fats and oils, dairy prods., hams, cured meat, poultry, sausage, fish, seasonings, etc. Features: 100 times stronger than MSG Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §155.120, 155.130, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

155.170, 155.200, 155.201, 170.60, 172.535, must contain ≤ 150 ppm sol. barium; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; FEMA GRAS; UK, Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Ajitide™ IMP Trade Names Containing: Ajitide™ I+G Disodium 5´-inosinate; Disodium inosine 5´monophosphate; Disodium inosine-5´phosphate. See Disodium inosinate DL-Disodium malate; Disodium DL-malate. See Sodium malate Disodium metasilicate. See Sodium metasilicate Disodium monohydrogen citrate. See Disodium citrate Disodium monohydrogen orthophosphate; Disodium monohydrogen phosphate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Disodium monosilicate. See Sodium metasilicate Disodium orthophosphate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Disodium orthophosphate dodecahydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate Disodium orthophosphate heptahydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate Disodium orthophosphatephosphate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Disodium peroxodisulfate; Disodium peroxydisulfate. See Sodium persulfate Disodium phosphate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Disodium phosphate dihydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Disodium phosphate dodecahydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate Disodium phosphate heptahydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate Disodium phosphoric acid. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Disodium pyrophosphate (INCI). See Sodium acid pyrophosphate Disodium pyrosulfite. See Sodium metabisulfite Disodium salt of hydroxybutanedioic acid. See Sodium malate Disodium succinate (INCI). See Sodium succinate 1180

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Disodium sulfate. See Sodium sulfate Disodium sulfide. See Sodium sulfide Disodium sulfite. See Sodium sulfite Disodium tartrate; Disodium L-(+)-tartrate. See Sodium tartrate Disodium thiosulfate. See Sodium thiosulfate anhydrous Disproportionated rosin. See Rosin Distarch phosphate CAS 55963-33-2; 977088-74-6; 977088-75-7 INS1412; E1412 Synonyms: Phosphate crosslinked starch Classification: Food starch modified Definition: Prod. from crosslinking of starch with sodium metaphosphate, sodium trimetaphosphate, or phosphorus oxychloride Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. powd. or gran.; flakes, amorphous powd. or coarse particles if pregelatinized Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Trade Names: StabiTex 06330; StabiTexInstant™ 12620; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624 Distearic acid, diester with hexaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-6 distearate N,N´-Distearoylethylenediamine. See Ethylene distearamide Distearyl citrate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Flavor preservative, plasticizer, sequestrant in foods, oleomargarine, food pkg.; plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 178.3910, 181.27 Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. See Distearyldimonium chloride Distearyldimonium chloride CAS 107-64-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-508-2 Synonyms: Ammonium, dimethyldioctadecyl-, chloride; Dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride; N,N-Dimethyl-N-octadecyl-1octadecanaminium chloride; Dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; Octadecanaminium, N,N-dimethyl-NHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

octadecyl-, chloride; Quaternium-5 Classification: Quaternary ammonium salt Empirical: C38H80N • Cl Properties: Paste; m.w. 586.52; m.p. 36-44 C; cationic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 11,300 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx and Cl– Uses: Surfactant, adjuvant for pesticide use dilutions on growing crops Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 177.1200; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Distearyl palmityl tartrate. See Stearyl tartrate Distearyl thiodipropionate CAS 693-36-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-750-5 INS390 Synonyms: Dioctadecyl thiodipropionate; 3,3´Dioctadecyl thiodipropionate; Di-noctadecyl 3,3´-thiodipropionate; Distearyl 3,3´-thiodipropionate; Distearyl βthiodipropionate; Distearyl β,β´thiodipropionate; Distearyl thiopropionate; DSTDP; DSTP; Propanoic acid, 3,3´-thiobis-, dioctadecyl ester; Propionic acid, 3,3´thiobis-, dioctadecyl ester; 3,3´Thiobispropanoic acid, dioctadecyl ester; Thiodipropionic acid, distearyl ester Classification: Aliphatic organic compd.; thioether Definition: Diester of stearyl alcohol and 3,3´thiodipropionic acid Empirical: C42H82O4S Formula: (C18H37OOCCH2CH2)2S Properties: Wh. flakes; insol. in water; sol. in benzene, toluene, chloroform, and olefin polymers; m.w. 683.18; dens. 0.90 kg/l; m.p. 58-62 C; b.p. 360 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2500 mg/kg, (IP, rat) > 2 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Antioxidant for foods; antioxidant migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 181.22, 181.24 (0.005% migrating from food pkg.); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Celanese 1181

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com; Hampshire Morton Int'l. http://www.morton.com; http://www.rohmhaas.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Skymart Enterprises; Sumitomo Chem. http://www.sumitomo-chem.co.jp; Tulstar Prods. http://www.tulstar.com Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical Ind. http://www.mt-pharma.co.jp/ Trade Names: Carstab® DSTDP; Cyanox® STDP; Evanstab® 18; Seenox DS Distearyl 3,3´-thiodipropionate; Distearyl βthiodipropionate; Distearyl β,β´thiodipropionate; Distearyl thiopropionate. See Distearyl thiodipropionate Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light. See Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated light Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated middle. See Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated middle Distilled lime oil. See Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil Distilled spirits. See Alcohol Distilled water. See Water Disulfide dibenzyl. See Benzyl disulfide Disulfide, diphenyl. See Phenyl disulfide Disulfide, di-2-propenyl. See Allyl disulfide Disulfide, 2-propenyl propyl. See Allyl propyl disulfide Disulfurous acid dipotassium salt. See Potassium metabisulfite Disulfurous acid disodium salt. See Sodium metabisulfite 4,5-Dithia-1,7-octadiene. See Allyl disulfide 4,5-Dithiaoctane. See Propyl disulfide 4,5-Dithia-1-octene. See Allyl propyl disulfide β,β´-Dithiobisalanine. See L-Cystine 3,3´-Dithiobis (2-aminopropanoic acid). See LCysteine 3,3´-Dithiobis (2-aminopropionic acid); (-)-3,3´Dithiobis (2-aminopropionic acid). See LCystine 2,2-Dithiobis (methylene) bisfuran. See Difurfuryl disulfide 2,3-Dithiobutane. See Methyl disulfide β,β-Dithiodialanine. See L-Cystine 2,2´-(Dithiodimethylene) difuran. See Difurfuryl disulfide Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1,2-Dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid; 1,2-Dithiolane3-valeric acid; 5-(1,2-Dithiolan-3-yl) valeric acid. See Thioctic acid Dithionous acid disodium salt. See Sodium hydrosulfite Dithionous acid, zinc salt (1:1). See Zinc hydrosulfite 6,8-Dithiooctanoic acid. See Thioctic acid Dittany. See Dittany (Dictamnus albus) roots Dittany of Crete CAS 977017-92-7 FEMA 2399 Synonyms: Cretan dittany; Origanum dictamnus; Spanish hops Definition: From Origanum dictamnus Properties: Intense pleasant odor, bitter aromatic flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Dittany (Dictamnus albus) roots CAS 977047-65-6 Synonyms: Burning bush; Dittany; Dittany roots; Fraxinella; Gas plant Definition: Roots of Dictamnus albus Properties: Tonic, aromatic flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Dittany roots. See Dittany (Dictamnus albus) roots Diuretic salt. See Potassium acetate Diurobromine. See Theobromine Divinylbenzene-ethylstyrene copolymer CAS 9043-77-0 Synonyms: Poly (divinylbenzene-coethylstyrene); Poly (4-ethylstyrene-codivinylbenzene) Toxicology: Toxic by inh., ing., skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may cause headaches; target organs: CNS, liver, bladder, kidneys, brain; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; may also form alkylbenzenes, vinylbenzenes, naphthalene, benzaldehydes, and phenol; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly 1182

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference closed Uses: Secondary direct food additive; removal of organic substances from aq. foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.65; SARA §313 reportable Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Divinylenimine. See Pyrrole Diydrocrveyl acetate. See Dihydrocarvyl acetate DKP. See Potassium phosphate dibasic DLT; DLTDP; DLTP. See Dilauryl thiodipropionate DMA. See Dimethylamine DMAE. See Dimethylethanolamine DMB. See p-Dimethoxybenzene DMBC. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinol DMBCA. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate DMBC butyrate. See α,α-Dimethylphenethyl butyrate DMBC formate. See α,α-Dimethylphenethyl formate DMDC. See Dimethyl dicarbonate DMDH; DMDMH. See DMDM hydantoin DMDM hydantoin CAS 6440-58-0; EINECS/ELINCS 229-222-8 Synonyms: Bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5dimethylhydantoin; 1,3-Bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5dimethylimidazolidinedione; 1,3-Bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine2,4-dione; Bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione; 1,3-Di (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin; Dimethylol dimethyl hydantoin; 1,3Dimethylol-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin; Dimethylol-5,5-dimethylhydantoin; DMDH; DMDMH; Hydantoin, 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethyl-; Imidazolidinedione, 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethyl-; 2,4Imidazolidinedione, 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylClassification: Organic compd. Empirical: C7H12N2O4 Properties: M.w. 188.21 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2 g/kg; primary irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: May release formaldehyde Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: USA CIR approved, EPA registered; Europe listed 0.6% max.; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; High Polymer Labs http://www.highpolymerlabs.com; Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com Trade Names: Protacide™ DMDM DMDS. See Methyl disulfide DMEA. See Dimethylethanolamine α,α-Dmethyl benzyl 2-methyl propanoate. See α,α-Dimethylbenzyl isobutyrate 2,3-Dmethyl-2-butenoic acid benzyl ester. See Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate DMHQ. See p-Dimethoxybenzene DMK. See Acetone 2,5-DMP. See 2,5-Xylenol 2,6-DMP. See 2,6-Xylenol 3,4-DMP. See 3,4-Xylenol DMP/T. See Magnesium phosphate dibasic DMS. See Dimethyl sulfide Docosahexaenoic acid CAS 25167-62-8; 6217-54-5 UN NA1993 Synonyms: DHA; 4,7,10,13,16,19Docosahexaenoic acid Classification: Unsaturated acid Empirical: C22H32O2 Formula: CH3(CH2CH=CH)6CH2CH2COOH Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; m.w. 328.50; sp. gr. 0.950; m.p. -44.5 to -44.1 C; flash pt. (CC) 144 F; ref. index 1.5049 Precaution: Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing; avoid breathing vapor; avoid strong oxidizing agents; combustible liq. HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in a tight ly closed container under nitrogen away from heat, lt., and open flame @ -20C Uses: Mfg. of food premixes; infant formula supplement Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: DHA Beadlets Type 15; Dhasco® Trade Names Containing: Epax 1050 TG; Epax 4510 TG; Epax 5500 EE; Epax 6000 EE; Epax 6000 TG Formulaid®; Incromega DHA 500TG SR; Incromega DHA700E SR; Incromega TG3322 1183

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic acid. See Docosahexaenoic acid Docosanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester. See Glyceryl behenate Docosanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester. See Tribehenin Docusate sodium. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate δ-Dodecalactone CAS 713-95-1; EINECS/ELINCS 211-932-4 FEMA 2401 Synonyms: Dodecan-5-olide; 5Hydroxydodecanoic acid, δ-lactone Classification: Nonaromatic lactone Definition: Obtained by lactonization of 5hydroxydodecanoic acid Empirical: C12H22O2 Properties: Colorless to very pale straw-yel. visc. liq., fresh-fruit oily odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol, veg. oil; insol. in water; m.w. 198.31; dens. 0.942; m.p. -12 C; b.p. 140-141 C (1 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4600 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, candy, baked goods, toppings, oleomargarine Features: Coconut, peach-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; GuiZhou Essence

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.eschemical.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp γ-Dodecalactone CAS 2305-05-7; EINECS/ELINCS 218-971-6 FEMA 2400 Synonyms: Dodecanolide-1,4; 2(3H)Furanone, dihydro-5-octyl-; 4Hydroxydodecanoic acid γ-lactone; γ-Octylγ-butyrolactone; γ-n-Octyl-γ-n-butyrolactone Classification: Nonaromatic lactone Empirical: C12H22O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., fatty peachy odor, butter peach-like flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 198.31; dens. 0.936; m.p. 17-18 C; b.p. 258 C; ref. index 1.4520 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, jellies Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aromor Flavors & Fragrances http://www.aromor.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1184

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Dodecanal; 1-Dodecanal; n-Dodecanal. See Lauric aldehyde 1-Dodecanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,Ndimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt. See Lauryl betaine Dodecanedioic acid diethyl ester. See Diethyl sebacate Dodecanoic acid; n-Dodecanoic acid. See Lauric acid dodecanoic acid butyl ester. See Butyl laurate Dodecanoic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium laurate Dodecanoic acid, diester with 1,2,3-propanetriol. See Glyceryl dilaurate Dodecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester. See Glyceryl laurate Dodecanoic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl laurate Dodecanoic acid, 2-hydroxypropyl ester. See Propylene glycol laurate Dodecanoic acid, magnesium salt. See Magnesium laurate Dodecanoic acid, 3-methylbutyl ester. See Isoamyl laurate Dodecanoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl laurate Dodecanoic acid 4-methyl phenyl ester. See pTolyl laurate Dodecanoic acid, mixed triesters with octanoic acid, decanoic acid, and 1,2,3-propanetriol. See Caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride Dodecanoic acid, monoester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 laurate Dodecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2propanediol. See Propylene glycol laurate Dodecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl laurate Dodecanoic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium laurate Dodecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester. See Trilaurin Dodecanoic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium laurate 1-Dodecanol; Dodecan-1-ol; n-Dodecanol; nDodecan-1-ol. See Lauryl alcohol Dodecanol acetate; 1-Dodecanol acetate. See Lauryl acetate Dodecanolide-1,4. See γ-Dodecalactone Dodecan-5-olide. See δ-Dodecalactone Dodecanyl acetate. See Lauryl acetate 2,6,10-Dodecatrienol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-. See Farnesol

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2-Dodecenal CAS 4826-62-4; EINECS/ELINCS 225-402-5 FEMA 2402 Synonyms: Dodec-2-en-1-al; 3-Nonyl acrolein; β-Octyl acrolein Empirical: C12H22O Properties: Colorless oily liq., orange-like odor, mandarin taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 182.31; b.p. 272 C Toxicology: LDLo (skin, rabbit) 5 g/kg; severe skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ Dodec-2-en-1-al. See 2-Dodecenal Dodecene-1 CAS 112-41-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-968-4 UN NA 1933 Synonyms: C12 alpha olefin; 1-Dodecene; Dodec-1-ene; α-Dodecene; n-Dodec-1-ene; α-Dodecylene; Tetrapropylene Empirical: C12H24 Formula: H2C:CH(CH2)9CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol, acetone, ether, petrol., coal tar solvs.; m.w. 168.32; dens. 0.764; m.p. -31.5 C; b.p. 213-215 C; flash pt. (Seta) 168 F; ref. index 1.430 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; low acute inhalation toxicity; sl. toxic by ing.; narcotic in high concs.; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; avoid contact with air or oxygen (explosion danger, adverse effect on subsequent reactions) Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Flavor for food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com 1185

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com 1-Dodecene; Dodec-1-ene; α-Dodecene; nDodec-1-ene. See Dodecene-1 Dodecoic acid. See Lauric acid Dodecyl acetate. See Lauryl acetate Dodecyl alcohol; 1-Dodecyl alcohol; n-Dodecyl alcohol. See Lauryl alcohol Dodecyl alcohol acetate. See Lauryl acetate Dodecyl alcohol, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt. See Sodium lauryl sulfate 1-Dodecyl aldehyde; n-Dodecyl aldehyde. See Lauric aldehyde Dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate; Dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium salt; Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt. See Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Dodecylbetaine; (Dodecyldimethylammonio) acetate. See Lauryl betaine Dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Lauralkonium chloride Dodecyldimethylbetaine. See Lauryl betaine Dodecyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride. See Quaternium-14 α-Dodecylene. See Dodecene-1 Dodecyl (ethylbenzyl) dimethylammonium chloride; N-Dodecyl-ar-ethyl-N,Ndimethylbenzenemethanaminium chloride. See Quaternium-14 Dodecyl gallate CAS 1166-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 214-620-6 INS312 Synonyms: Dodecyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate; Gallic acid dodecyl ester; Gallic acid lauryl ester; Lauryl gallate; 3,4,5Trihydroxybenzoic acid, dodecyl ester Definition: Ester of gallic acid Empirical: C19H30O5 Properties: Wh. cryst. solid; sol. in ethanol, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 338.49; m.p. 96-97 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6500 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 1600 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 100 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; may cause intolerance and liver damage; can irritate intestines; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fumes Uses: Antioxidant for foods, oils, fats, cream cheese, cereals, margarine, instant mashed potatoes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110; USDA 9CFR §318.7; not approved for food use in USA; Europe listed; UK approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Dudley http://www.dudley-chem.com/dudley.html; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Dodecyl isobutyrate CAS 6624-71-1 FEMA 3452 Synonyms: Dodecyl 2-methylpropanoate Empirical: C16H32O2 Properties: Liq.; sl. fruity or pract. odorless; sol. in org. solvents; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.8540.860; b.p. 299 C; acid no. 1 max.; ref. index 1.432-1.436 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com Dodecyl 2-methylpropanoate. See Dodecyl isobutyrate Dodecyl sodium sulfate; Dodecylsulfate sodium salt. See Sodium lauryl sulfate Dodecyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate. See Dodecyl gallate Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. See Laurtrimonium chloride Dog rose hips extract. See Dog rose (Rosa canina) hips extract Dog rose (Rosa canina) hips extract CAS 84696-47-9 FEMA 2990 Synonyms: Dog rose hips extract; Rosa canina; Rosa canina hips extract; Rose hips extract Definition: Extract of the hips of the dog rose, Rosa canina Properties: Brown to dark brown powd.; sol. in water; pH 2.5-4. (10% sol'n.) Toxicology: Skin irritant 1186

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Wear safety glasses, dust respirator, protective gloves, and lab coat HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, well-ventilated area @ ≤ 24 C Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Mini Star Int'l. http://www.ministar.com Pharmachem Labs http://www.pharmachemlabs.com; Pharmline http://www.pharmlineinc.com; Vege-Tech http://www.vegetech.com Dolcymene. See p-Cymene Dolomite. See Calcium carbonate 1-Dotriacontanol CAS 6624-79-9 Synonyms: Lacceryl alcohol Classification: Aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C32H66O Properties: M.w. 466.90; m.p. 120 C; b.p. 89 C Uses: Ingred. in dietary supplements, health foods Manuf./Distrib.: Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/ Trade Names Containing: Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol 30% DPGME; DPM; DPMG. See PPG-2 methyl ether DPOF. See Diphenyl octyl phosphate Draconic acid. See p-Anisic acid Dracylic acid. See Benzoic acid Dried egg white. See Albumen Dried egg yolk Synonyms: Ovum Definition: Obtained by dehydration of chicken egg yolks Uses: Protein source in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §160.185 Manuf./Distrib.: Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com Trade Names: Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-1; Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-2; Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-2-FF Trade Names Containing: Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-1-FF; Hentex-20; Hentex-20A; Hentex-30; Hentex-30A Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hentex-85 Dried ferrous sulfate. See Ferrous sulfate monohydrate Dried fructose-glucose syrup; Dried glucose syrup. See Corn syrup solids Dried irradiated yeast. See Yeast, dried irradiated Dried torula yeast. See Yeast, dried Dried whey. See Whey, dry Dried yeast. See Yeast, dried Drop chalk. See Calcium carbonate Drupwort extract. See Meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria) extract Dry ice. See Carbon dioxide Dry whey. See Whey, dry DSE. See Nabam DSP. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous DSP-2. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate DSP-7. See Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate DSP-12. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate DSP-O. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous DSPP. See Sodium acid pyrophosphate DSS. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate DSTDP; DSTP. See Distearyl thiodipropionate DTA. See Diethylenetriamine 24DTAP. See 2,4-Di-t-amylphenol Dulcin CAS 150-69-6 Synonyms: Dulcine; 4-Ethoxyphenylurea; (pEthoxyphenyl) urea; p-Phenetolcarbamide; p-Phenetolecarbamide; p-Phenetylurea; Sucrol; Urea, (p-ethoxyphenyl)Empirical: C9H12N2O2 Formula: H2NOCNHC6H4OC2H5 Properties: Wh. needle cryst. or powd.; taste approx. 200 times as sweet as sugar; very sol. in ethyl acetate; sol. in DMSO, 95% ethanol, acetone, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 180.21; m.p. 173-174 C; b.p. dec. Toxicology: TDLo (oral, wmn) 600 mg/kg; ing. of 20-40 g in adults has produced dizziness, nausea, methemoglobinemia with cyanosis and hypotension Precaution: Partially dec. on heating in water; hydrolyzes in 0.1 N acetic acid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: When heated, produced hazardous decomp. prods. 1187

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Storage: Store refrigerated Uses: Artificial nonnutritive sweetener in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §189.145; prohibited from direct addition or use in human food Manuf./Distrib.: ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Dulcine. See Dulcin Dumasin. See Cyclopentanone Duodecyl alcohol. See Lauryl alcohol Duodecylic acid. See Lauric acid Duodecylic aldehyde. See Lauric aldehyde Dutch liquid; Dutch oil. See Ethylene dichloride Dwarf pine needle oil. See Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil Dye quinoline yellow. See Acid yellow 3 EAA. See Ethylacetoacetate; Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer EAK. See 3-Octanone Earthnut oil. See Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil East Indian geranium extract. See Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) extract East Indian geranium oil. See Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) oil East Indian lemongrass oil. See Lemongrass oil East Indian East Indian nutmeg oil. See Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil East Indian sandalwood. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) East Indian sandalwood extract. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) extract East Indian sandalwood oil. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil Eau d'oranger. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower water EC. See Ethylcellulose ECH. See Epichlorohydrin EDA. See Ethylenediamine Edathamil. See Edetic acid Edathamil monosodium ferric salt. See Sodium ferric EDTA Edathanil tetrasodium. See Tetrasodium EDTA EDC. See Ethylene dichloride Edetate. See Edetic acid Edetate calcium disodium. See Calcium disodium EDTA Edetate dipotassium. See Dipotassium EDTA dihydrate Edetate disodium. See Disodium EDTA Edetate sodium. See Tetrasodium EDTA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Edetate trisodium. See Trisodium EDTA Edetic acid CAS 60-00-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-449-4 UN 9117 Synonyms: 3,6-Bis (carboxymethyl)-3,5diazooctanedioic acid; Edathamil; Edetate; EDTA (INCI); EDTA acid; N,N´-1,2Ethanediylbis[N-(carboxymethyl) glycine]; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; (Ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid Classification: Substituted diamine Empirical: C10H16N2O8 Formula: (HOOCCH2)2NCH2CH2N(CH2COOH)2 Properties: Colorless or wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; sol. in alkali hydroxide sol'ns.; pract insol. in water; insol. in common org. solvs.; m.w. 292.28; sp.gr. 0.721; m.p. dec. @ 240 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 30 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 397 mg/kg; irritant; poison by IP route; mutagenic data; experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects; TSCA listed Environmental: Environmentally hazardous substance; VOC; BOD5 0.01; ThOD 0.93 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Antioxidant, preservative for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.170; FDA approved for otics, rectals, topicals; USP/NF compliance; CERCLA hazardous substance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Bimal Pharma Chem Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemplex Chems. http://www.chemplexchemicals.com; Ciba Spec. Chems. Switzerland http://www.cibasc.com Ciba Spec. Chems./Water & Paper; Contract Chems. Ltd http://www.contractchemicals.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com 1188

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hampshire; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Protex Int'l. http://www.protex-international.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Edetic acid calcium disodium salt. See Calcium disodium EDTA Edetic acid tetrasodium salt. See Tetrasodium EDTA EDTA (INCI); EDTA acid. See Edetic acid EDTA calcium disodium salt. See Calcium disodium EDTA EDTA dipotassium. See Dipotassium EDTA dihydrate EDTA Na4; EDTA sodium salt; EDTA tetrasodium salt. See Tetrasodium EDTA EDTA trisodium; EDTA trisodium salt. See Trisodium EDTA EE; 2-EE. See Ethoxyethanol EEA. See Ethylacetoacetate EGDS. See Glycol distearate EGEE. See Ethoxyethanol Egg albumin. See Albumen Egg powder Synonyms: Egg solids; Ovum; Whole dried egg Definition: Powder obtained from the dried whole chicken egg Properties: Sol. in water Uses: Protein source in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §42.30 Manuf./Distrib.: Cham Foods (Israel) Ltd http://www.cham.co.il; Clofine Dairy & Food Prods. http://www.clofinedairy.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.croda-foods.co.uk; Farbest Brands http://www.farbest.com/ Framptons Ltd http://www.framptons.ltd.uk; Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Nordmann Rassmann GmbH http://www.nrc.de/; Sanovo Foods A/S http://www.sanovo.dk/ Spice King Trade Names Containing: Hentex-10; Hentex12; Hentex-20; Hentex-20A; Hentex-35 Hentex-70; Hentex-76; Hentex-85 Egg solids. See Egg powder Egg white lysozyme CAS 9001-63-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-620-4 Synonyms: β-1,4-N-acetylmuramidase; (Amide-d) lysozyme Properties: Wh. to lt. beige solid Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; avoid inh. Uses: Food additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS Egg whites Uses: Nutrient for foods and beverages; gellant, water binder for meats, meat analogues, and breadings; whipping agent in aerated confections Manuf./Distrib.: Framptons Ltd http://www.framptons.ltd.uk Trade Names: Egg White Solids Type EP-1; Egg White Solids Type K-200; Egg White Solids Type P-18-J Egg yolk extract Synonyms: Ovum Definition: Extract of egg yolk Properties: Yel. semisolid mass; dens. 0.95; m.p. 22 C Uses: Ingred. in baking, dairy prods. Manuf./Distrib.: Henningsen Foods http://www.henningsenfoods.com Eglantine. See Isobutyl benzoate EGMBE. See Butoxyethanol EGME. See Methoxyethanol EGMEE. See Ethoxyethanol 1189

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference EGMS. See Glycol stearate 2-EH. See 2-Ethylhexanol EHEC. See Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Eicosanoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl eicosanoate Eicosapentaenoic acid CAS 10417-94-4 Synonyms: 5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid; EPA; Timnodonic acid Classification: Unsaturated acid Empirical: C20H30O2 Formula: CH3(CH2CH=CH)5CH2CH2CH2COOH Properties: Cl. colorless liq.; m.w. 302.46; sp. gr. 0.943; m.p. -54 to 53 C; flash pt. (CC) 200 F; ref. index 1.4977 Precaution: Causes burns; avoid contact with strong bases and strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Light-sensitive; store in a tightly closed container under nitrogen @-20 C Uses: Food ingred. Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Epax 1050 TG; Epax 4510 TG; Epax 5500 EE; Epax 6000 EE; Epax 6000 TG Incromega DHA 500TG SR; Incromega TG3322 5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid. See Eicosapentaenoic acid 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid; Eicosa5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-tetraenoic acid. See Arachidonic acid Elaeis guineensis; Elaeis guineensis oil. See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil Elaeis guineensis seed oil. See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil Elaic acid. See Oleic acid Elaldehyde. See Paraldehyde Elder flower extract. See Elder (Sambucus nigra) flower extract Elder flowers CAS 977002-47-3 FEMA 2406 Synonyms: Sambucus; Sambucus canadensis; Sambucus nigra; Sweet elder Definition: From Sambucus canadensis or S. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nigra Properties: Aromatic bitter tonic Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Herbarium Elder flowers extract CAS 977010-39-1; EINECS/ELINCS 294-458-0 (S. canadensis extract); 283-259-4 (S. nigra extract) Synonyms: Sambucus canadensis extract; Sambucus nigra extract Definition: From Sambucus canadensis or S. nigra Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Elder flowers oil. See Sambucus nigra oil Elder (Sambucus nigra) flower extract CAS 84603-58-7; EINECS/ELINCS 283-259-4 Synonyms: Elder flower extract; Sambucus extract; Sambucus nigra; Sambucus nigra extract; Sambucus nigra flower extract Definition: Extract of flowers of the elder, Sambucus nigra Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Elecampane. See Elecampane (Inula helenium) Elecampane extract. See Elecampane (Inula helenium) extract Elecampane (Inula helenium) Synonyms: Elecampane; Inula; Inula helenium; Inula helenium rhizome and roots; Scabwort Definition: Rhizome and roots of Inula helenium Properties: Bitter aromatic flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved Elecampane (Inula helenium) extract CAS 84012-20-4; EINECS/ELINCS 281-666-1 Synonyms: Elecampane extract; Inulahelenium; Inula helenium extract Definition: Extract of roots of the elecampane, 1190

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Inula helenium Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Elecampane (Inula helenium) root oil CAS 1397-83-7 Synonyms: Elecampane root oil; Inula helenium; Inula helenium oil; Inula helenium root oil Definition: Derived from the roots and rhizomes of Inula helenium Properties: Dk. yel. to brn. visc. liq. or semisolid; woody rooty dry sweet amber costus odor Toxicology: Severe sensitizing potential Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510 Elecampane root oil. See Elecampane (Inula helenium) root oil Elemental iodine. See Iodine Elemi; Elemi absolute; Elemi anhydrol. See Elemi gum Elemi gum CAS 8023-89-0; 9000-75-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-557-2 FEMA 2407 Synonyms: Canarium indicum resinoid; Elemi; Elemi absolute; Elemi anhydrol; Elemi oil; Elemi resin; Elemi resinoid; Gum elemi; Manila elemi copal; Manila elemi resin; Resins, Manila elemi Definition: A soft, balsam-like resin obtained from a tree in the Philippines, Canarium commune .or. C. luzonicum Properties: Pale yel. to yel. visc. liq. or solid; peppery lemony woody balsam odor; sol. in coal tar hydrocarbons, alcohols; insol. in petrol. solvs., ketones, water; m.p. 28-30 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5100-1.5300 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3370 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5 g/kg; primary irritant; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; prolonged/repeated skin contact may cause allergic dermatitis; TSCA listed Precaution: Will ignite if moderately heated; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

closed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 175.105, 175.300; FEMA GRAS; DOT hazardous material; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alland & Robert http://www.allandetrobert.fr; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com See also Elemi oil Elemi oil CAS 8023-89-0; 97675-63-3; EINECS/ELINCS 307-636-0 FEMA 2408 Synonyms: Canarium commune gum oil; Canarium commune oil; Canarium luzonicum oil; Canarium oil; Manila elemi oil Definition: Essential oil obtained from elemi, Canarium commune Properties: Pale yel. liq.; sol. in water and org. solvents; sp. gr. 0.850 - 0.890; ref. index 1.470 - 1.485 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3370 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5 g/kg Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in a dry place away from sunlight Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, soups Features: Fresh, citrus, balsamic; taste: fresh, terpeny, bitter-spicy; slightly woody-balsamic odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Essential7 http://www.essential7.com; Essential7 http://www.essential7.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com 1191

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com; Payan & Bertrand http://www.payanbertrand.com/; Reincke & Fichtner http://reinckefichtner.de See also Elemi gum Elemi resin; Elemi resinoid. See Elemi gum Elettaria cardamomum; Elettaria cardamomum oil. See Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil Emanol. See Ethyl-2-furanpropionate EMG. See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides EMPG. See Ethyl methylphenylglycidate EMQ. See 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline Emulsin. See β-Glucosidase Enanthal; Enanthaldehyde. See Heptanal Enanthic acid. See Heptanoic acid Enanthic alcohol. See Heptyl alcohol Enanthic aldehyde. See Heptanal Enanthic anhydride. See Heptanoic acid Enanthole. See Heptanal Enanthyl alcohol. See Heptyl alcohol Enanthylic acid. See Heptanoic acid Enanthylic ether. See Ethyl heptanoate English chamomile extract. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract English chamomile flower. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) flower English chamomile oil. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil English laurel leaves. See Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) leaves English oak extract. See English oak (Quercus robur) extract English oak (Quercus robur) extract CAS 71011-28-4; EINECS/ELINCS 275-129-0 Synonyms: English oak extract; Oak, English, extract; Quercus robur extract; Quercus robus Definition: Extract of the bark of Quercus robur Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 English oak (Quercus robur) wood CAS 977089-90-9 Synonyms: English oak wood; Oak wood, English; Quercus robur Definition: Quercus robur Toxicology: Dust may be carcinogenic Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

English oak wood. See English oak (Quercus robur) wood English white. See Calcium carbonate Enilconazole. See Imazalil Enocianina; Enocyanin. See Grape skin extract Enzactin. See Triacetin Enzymatically hydrolyzed carboxymethylcellulose. See Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, enzymatically hydrolyzed EO. See Ethylene oxide EO/PO block polymer or copolymer CAS 9003-11-6 (generic); 106392-12-5 Synonyms: Ethylene glycol/propylene glycol block copolymer; POE/POP copolymer; Polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene copolymer; Polyoxypropylene/polyoxyethylene block polymer; Polyoxypropylene/polyoxyethylene copolymer; POP/POE copolymer Formula: (C3H6O • C2H4O)x Properties: Liq., powd., or flake; 10-80% EO content; m.w. 1100-10,000; HLB 9.5-18.7; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 129 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavors; processing aid, wetting agent in foods; surfactant, defoamer in poultry scald baths; defoamer, rinse adjuvant in hog dehairing; dough conditioner in yeast-leavened bakery prods.; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 176.170, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1680, 178.1010, 178.3570 Trade Names: Monolan® PL; Pluronic® PE 6100; Pluronic® PE 6200; Pluronic® PE 6400; Pluronic® PE 8100 Pluronic® RPE 2520 See also Meroxapol Series; Poloxamer Series EP. See p-Ethylphenol EPA. See Eicosapentaenoic acid Epichlorohydrin CAS 106-89-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-439-8 UN 2023 (DOT) Synonyms: 1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane; 3Chloro-1,2-epoxypropane; (Chloromethyl) ethylene oxide; Chloromethyloxirane; 2(Chloromethyl) oxirane; Chloropropylene oxide; 3-Chloro-1,2-propylene oxide; γ1192

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chloropropylene oxide; ECH; αEpichlorohydrin; 1,2-Epoxy-3chloropropane; 2,3-Epoxypropyl chloride; Glycerol epichlorhydrin Classification: Chlorinated epoxide Empirical: C3H5ClO Properties: Colorless, highly volatile unstable liq., chloroform-like odor; sol. in ethanol, diethyl ether, chloroform, trichloroethylene, CCl4; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 92.53; dens. 1.17 kg/l; f.p. -25 C; b.p. 115.2 C; flash pt. 33.9 C; ref. index 1.4358 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 90 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 13 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 150 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 154 mg/kg; poison by ing., skin contact, IV, and IP routes; mod. toxic by inh.; readily absorbed through skin; corrosive; sensitizer; primary skin and eye irritant; human systemic effects by inh.; confirmed carcinogen; tumorigen; mutagen; experimental teratogen; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; mod. fire risk; explosive reaction with aniline; violent reaction with sulfuric acid or isopropylamine; exothermic polymerization with strong acids, caustic alkalis, aluminum, zinc, etc.; heating may cause polymerization Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, hydrogen chloride gas, phosgene gas; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 3, Reactivity 2 Uses: Mfg. of copolymers for decolorization, flocculation, clarification of refinery sugar liquors and juices; crosslinking agent for food starch modified Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 173.60, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1440, 177.2280, 177.2550; SARA reportable; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AP Resources http://www.apr.co.kr; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICC Chem. http://www.iccchem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kessler http://www.kesslerchemical.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; RitChem http://www.ritchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; United Min. & Chem. http://www.umccorp.com α-Epichlorohydrin. See Epichlorohydrin Epichlorohydrin/dimethylamine copolymer. See Dimethylamine/epichlorohydrin copolymer Epoxidized soya oil. See Epoxidized soybean oil Epoxidized soybean oil CAS 8013-07-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-391-0 Synonyms: Epoxidized soya oil; ESBO; ESO; Soybean oil, epoxidized Definition: Modified oil obtained from soybean oil by epoxidation Properties: Clear pale yel. liq., low odor; sol. < 0.1% in water; sp.gr. 0.99; dec. 550 F; m.p. 25 F; iodine no. 6 max.; flash pt. (CC) 430 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 23 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 20 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid oxidizing agents, strong acids, bases and amines Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Halogen stabilizer in brominated soybean oil; plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.723, 175.105, 175.300, 177.1650, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.27; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AP Resources http://www.apr.co.kr; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Cognis http://www.cognis.de; Dow http://www.dow.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fallek Ferro/Polymer Addit. http://www.ferro.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; ICC Chem. http://www.iccchem.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; 1193

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Trade Names: Drapex® 6.8 Epoxycaryophyllene. See β-Caryophyllene oxide 1,2-Epoxy-3-chloropropane. See Epichlorohydrin (-)-Epoxydihydrocaryophyllene. See βCaryophyllene oxide Epoxyethane; 1,2-Epoxyethane. See Ethylene oxide Epoxylinalool. See Linalool oxide 1,4-Epoxy-p-menthane. See 1,4-Cineole 1,8-Epoxy-p-menthane. See Eucalyptol α-β-Epoxy-β-methylhydrocinnamic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Epoxypropane; 1,2-Epoxypropane; 2,3Epoxypropane. See Propylene oxide 2,3-Epoxypropyl chloride. See Epichlorohydrin Epsom salts. See Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate; Magnesium sulfate anhydrous EQ. See 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline Equisetic acid. See Aconitic acid Ercalciol. See Ergocalciferol Ergocalciferol CAS 50-14-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-014-9 Synonyms: Calciferol; Ercalciol; Ergorone; Ergosterol, activated; Ergosterol, irradiated; Irradiated ergosta-5,7-22-trien-3-β-ol; Oleovitamin D; 9,10-Secoergosta5,7,10(19),22-tetraen-3-β-ol; 9,10-Seco (5Z,7E,22E)-5,7,10(19),22-ergostatetraen-3ol; Viosterol; Vitamin D2 Definition: Derived from ergosterol by irradiation with UV light Empirical: C28H44O Properties: Wh. cryst., odorless; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, fatty oils; insol. in water; m.w. 396.72; m.p. 115-118 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 56 mg/kg; LDLo (IP, dog) 10 mg/kg, (IV, dog) 5 mg/kg, (intramuscular, dog) 5 mg/kg; poison by ing. IP, IV, and intramuscular routes; human systemic effects by ingestion (anorexia, nausea, etc.); experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Light-sensitive Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Dietary supplement, nutrient for foods, cereals, grain prods., pastas, margarine, milk and milk prods., infant formula Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110, 184.1950, GRAS; SARA reportable; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Daiichi Fine Chems. https://www.daiichi-fcj.co.jp/eng/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Solvay Pharmaceuticals BV http://www.solvayvitamins.nl/; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/ Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Trade Names Containing: Rex® Vitamin Fortified Wheat Germ Oil Ergorone; Ergosterol, activated; Ergosterol, irradiated. See Ergocalciferol Ergot sugar. See Trehalose Eriodictyon californicum; Eriodictyon californicum extract. See Yerba santa (Eriodictyon californicum) extract Erycorbin. See Erythorbic acid Erythorbic acid CAS 89-65-6; EINECS/ELINCS 201-928-0 FEMA 2410; INS315 Synonyms: Araboascorbic acid; dAraboascorbic acid; D-2,3-Didehydroerythro-hexono-1,4-lactone; Erycorbin; dErythorbic acid; D-Erythro-ascorbic acid; DErythro-hex-2-enonic acid, γ-lactone; DErythro-3-ketohexonic acid lactone; 1194

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Glucosaccharonic acid; Isoascorbic acid; D-Isoascorbic acid; Isovitamin C; Saccharosonic acid Definition: Isomer of ascorbic acid Empirical: C6H8O6 Properties: Wh. or sl. yel. cryst. or powd.; darkens on exposure to light; sol. in water, alcohol, pyridine, oxygenated solvs.; mod. sol. in acetone; sl. sol. in glycerin; m.w. 176.14; m.p. 164-171 C (dec.) Toxicology: Nontoxic; mutagenic; causes DNA damage; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Antioxidant, preservative in foods, brewing; curing accelerator for nitrites on meat; color stabilizer, flavor stabilizer in meat, meat prods., fruit; flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §145.110, 155.200, 175.105, 182.3041, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Japan restricted for purpose of anti-oxidation; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Chem One http://www.chemone.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Mays http://www.mayschem.com/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Tilley http://www.tilleychem.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names Containing: National® 77-1744; National® 150; National® 1545 d-Erythorbic acid. See Erythorbic acid Erythorbic acid sodium salt. See Sodium erythorbate Erythrite. See Erythritol Erythritol CAS 149-32-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-737-3 Synonyms: 1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol; 2(r),3(s)1,2,3,4-Butanetetrol; Erythrite; L-Erythritol; Erythritol, meso-; Erythroglucin; Erythrol; meso-Erythritol; Tetrahydroxybutane Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C4H10O4 Formula: CH2OH(CHOH)2CH2OH Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 122.12; m.p. 121.5 C; b.p. 330.5 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 7 g/kg; LDLo (IV, dog) 5 g/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place below 0 C; keep tightly closed Uses: Sweetener for beverages, chewing gum, candy, chocolate Features: Low-calorie Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Camida USA http://www.camida.com; Cerestar http://www.cargill.com/; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 1195

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names: C*Eridex; Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 L-Erythritol; Erythritol, meso-. See Erythritol D-Erythro-ascorbic acid. See Erythorbic acid Erythroglucin. See Erythritol D-Erythro-hex-2-enonic acid, γ-lactone. See Erythorbic acid D-Erythro-hex-2-enonic acid, γ-lactone, monosodium salt. See Sodium erythorbate D-Erythro-3-ketohexonic acid lactone. See Erythorbic acid Erythrol. See Erythritol Erythrosine; Erythrosine bluish. See FD&C Red No. 3 ESBO. See Epoxidized soybean oil Esdragol. See Estragole Esdragol extract. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) extract Esdragol oil. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil Esdragon extract. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) extract Esdragon oil. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil ESO. See Epoxidized soybean oil Essence de Cade. See Cade oil Essence of niobe. See Ethyl benzoate; Methyl benzoate Essence of rose. See Rose oil Essential oil of Sughanda kokila. See Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria) extract Esterase CAS 9013-79-0 Definition: From hog liver Uses: Natural enzyme for foods Regulatory: Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names Containing: Enzeco® Esterase/Lipase Esterase, jojoba wax. See Jojoba wax Esterase-lipase Classification: Enzyme Definition: Derived from Mucor miehei with maltodextrin or sweet whey as carrier Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of fats; flavor enhancer in cheeses, fats, oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.140 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ester gum Definition: Ester of natural resins (especially rosin) and polyhydric alcohols (principally glycerol) Properties: Hard, semisynthetic resin; flash pt. 375 F (190 C) Precaution: Combustible Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: ; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com Estragole CAS 140-67-0; EINECS/ELINCS 205-427-8 FEMA 2411 Synonyms: 4-Allylanisole; p-Allylanisole; 4Allyl-1-methoxybenzene; Chavicol methyl ether; Chavicyl methyl ether; Esdragol; Isoanethole; p-Methoxyallylbenzene; 1Methoxy-4-(2-propenyl) benzene; Methyl chavicol Definition: Main constituent of tarragon oil derived from Artemisia dracunculus Empirical: C10H12O Formula: C6H4(C3H5)(OCH3) Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; anise odor; sol. in alcohol, chloroform; forms azeotropic mixts. with water; m.w. 148.20; dens. 0.9645 (21/4 C); b.p. 216 C (764 mm); flash pt. 178 F; ref. index 1.5230 (17.5 C); tenacity 4 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1820 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1030 mg/kg; mod. acute toxicity by many routes; primary irritant; skin irritant; questionable carcinogen; mutagen; tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments, liqueurs Features: Sweet, minty flavor Use Level: < 1% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 186.60; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-572); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com; BFA Labs 1196

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.bfa-lab.com Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com See also Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) Estragol extract. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) extract Estragol oil; Estragon absolute. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil Estragon extract. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) extract Estragon oil. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil Ethal. See Cetyl alcohol Ethanal. See Acetaldehyde Ethanaminium, N-[4-[[4-(diethylamino) phenyl] (5-hydroxy-2,4-disulfophenyl) methylene]-2,5cyclohexadien-1-ylidene]-N-ethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt, calcium salt (2:1). See Acid blue 3 Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl, salt with (R-(R+,R+))-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (1:1); Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,Ntrimethyl-, salt with (R-(R,R))-2,3dihydroxybutanedioic acid (1:1). See Choline bitartrate Ethanecarboxylic acid. See Propionic acid 1,2-Ethanediamine. See Ethylenediamine 1,2-Ethanedicarboxylic acid. See Succinic acid Ethane dichloride. See Ethylene dichloride 1,2-Ethanediylbiscarbamodithioic acid disodium salt. See Nabam N,N´-1,2-Ethanediylbis[N-(carboxymethyl) glycine]. See Edetic acid N,N´-1,2-Ethanediylbis (N-(carboxymethyl)) glycine tetrasodium salt. See Tetrasodium EDTA N,N´-1,2-Ethanediylbis [N-(carboxymethyl) glycine], trisodium salt. See Trisodium EDTA N,N´-1,2-Ethanediylbisoctadecanamide. See Ethylene distearamide Ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate. See Etidronic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ethane, (methylthio)-. See Methyl ethyl sulfide Ethaneperoxic acid. See Peracetic acid Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-amino-. See Taurine Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-(1-(difluoro((trifluoroethenyl) oxy] methyl]-1,2,2,2tetrafluoroethoxy]-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-, polymer with tetrafluoroethane CAS 31175-20-9 Classification: Perfluorinated ion exchange membrane Definition: Copolymer of ethanesulfonylfluoride, 2-[1-[difluoro-[(trifluoroethenyl) oxy] methyl]1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy]-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-, with tetrafluoroethylene Toxicology: Harmful; target organs: lungs, nerves, liver; TSCA listed Uses: Ion exchange membrane for treatment of liq. foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§173.21 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane 1,1,1-Ethanetriol diphosphonate. See Etidronic acid Ethanoic acid. See Acetic acid, glacial; Acetic acid Ethanoic acid, ethenyl ester. See Vinyl acetate Ethanoic anhydrate. See Acetic anhydride Ethanol. See Alcohol Ethanolamine CAS 141-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 205-483-3 UN 2491 (DOT) Synonyms: 2-Aminoethanol; 2-Aminoethyl alcohol; β-Aminoethyl alcohol; βEthanolamine; Ethylolamine; Glycinol; 2Hydroxyethylamine; β-Hydroxyethylamine; MEA; MELA; Monoethanolamine Classification: Aliphatic amino alcohol; alkanolamine Empirical: C2H7NO Formula: NH2CH2CH2OH Properties: Colorless clear mod. visc. liq.; ammoniacal odor; misc. with water, alcohol, acetone, glycerin; sol. in chloroform; sl. sol. in benzene; m.w. 61.10; dens. 1.012; vapor pressure 0.26 mm Hg; m.p. 10.5 C; b.p. 170 C; flash pt. 93 C; autoignition temp. 410 C; ref. index 1.4540; pH 12.1; surf. tens. 48.89 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 37.72 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 3 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 2140 mg/kg, (skin, rat) 1500 1197

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ingestion, skin contact, subcut., IV routes; corrosive irritant to eyes, skin, mucous membranes; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.85; COD 1.28; ThOD 1.31 Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; flamm. exposed to heat or flame; powerful reactive base; incompat. with sulfuric acid, HCl, CO2 in air, copper and alloys, aluminum, acrylic acid, nitric acid, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry wellventilated area away from heat and ignition sources Uses: Flume water wash additive for washing sugar beets prior to slicing; paring (antibrowning) agent for peeled fruit and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.315, 175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 176.300, 178.3120; not permitted for use in foods intended for babies and young infants in UK; USP/NF, BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Chevron http://www.chevron.com/; Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com Dow http://www.dow.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Oxiteno http://www.oxiteno.com.br/in/index.htm; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/ Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ β-Ethanolamine. See Ethanolamine Ethanol, 2-(dimethylamino)-. See Dimethylethanolamine Ethanol, 2-ethoxy-. See Ethoxyethanol Ethanolic acid. See Acetic acid, glacial Ethanol, 1-phenyl-. See α-Methylbenzyl alcohol Ethanol, 2-phenyl-. See Phenethyl alcohol Ethanol, undenatured. See Alcohol Ethanone, 1-(2-furanyl)-. See 2-Acetylfuran Ethanone, 2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenyl-. See Benzoin Ethanone, 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-. See oHydroxyacetophenone Ethanone, 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-. See Acetanisole Ethanone, 1-[4-(1-methylethyl) phenyl]-. See pIsopropylacetophenone Ethanone, 1-(4-methylphenyl)-. See 4´-Methyl acetophenone Ethanone, 1-(2-pyridinyl)-. See 2-Acetylpyridine Ethavan. See Ethyl vanillin trans-1,2-Ethenedicarboxylic acid. See Fumaric acid Ethene, homopolymer. See Polyethylene Ethene, homopolymer, oxidized. See Polyethylene, oxidized Ethene oxide. See Ethylene oxide Ethene polymer. See Polyethylene Ethenol homopolymer. See Polyvinyl alcohol Ethenyl acetate. See Vinyl acetate 1198

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ethenyl acetate, homopolymer. See Polyvinyl acetate Ethenylbenzene. See Styrene Ethenylbenzene homopolymer. See Polystyrene Ethenylbenzene polymer with 1,3-butadiene. See Styrene/butadiene polymer 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl benzeneacetate. See Linalyl phenylacetate 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexen-1-yl butanoate. See Linalyl butyrate 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl hexanoate. See Linalyl hexanoate 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl octanoate. See Linalyl octanoate 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl 3-phenyl-2propenoate. See Linalyl cinnamate Ethenyl ethanoate. See Vinyl acetate 4- Ethenyl phenol. See p-Vinylphenol 1-Ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone homopolymer; 1Ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone polymers. See PVP 5 Ethenyl tetrahydro-α,α-5 trimethyl 2 furan methanol. See Linalool oxide Ether, benzyl butyl. See Benzyl butyl ether Ether, isobutyl (2-naphthyl)-. See β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether Ether, methyl phenyl. See Anisole Ethinyl trichloride. See Trichloroethylene Ethiops iron. See Iron oxide black Ethocel. See Ethylcellulose Ethol. See Cetyl alcohol Ethone. See 1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3one Ethovan. See Ethyl vanillin 6-Ethoxy-m-anol. See Propenylguaethol Ethoxybenzaldehyde; 4-Ethoxybenzaldehyde. See p-Ethoxybenzaldehyde p-Ethoxybenzaldehyde CAS 10031-82-0; EINECS/ELINCS 233-093-3 FEMA 2413 Synonyms: Ethoxybenzaldehyde; 4Ethoxybenzaldehyde Definition: Obtained by ethylation of phydroxybenzaldehyde using aluminum chloride catalyst Empirical: C9H10O2 Properties: Red-brn., sweet floral odor and taste; sol. in alcohol; misc. with ether; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 150.18; dens. 1.081 (20/4 C); m.p. 13-16 C; b.p. 255 C; flash pt. 75 C; ref. index 1.559 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2100 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant; TSCA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Air-sensitive; store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethoxycarbonylethylene. See Ethyl acrylate 2-Ethoxy-p-cymene. See Carvacryl ethyl ether 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline CAS 91-53-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202-075-7 INS324 Synonyms: 1,2-Dihydro-6-ethoxy-2,2,4trimethylquinoline; 1,2-Dihydro-2,2,4trimethyl-6-ethoxyquinoline; EMQ; EQ; Ethoxyquin; Ethoxyquine; 6-Ethoxy-2,2,4trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline; ETMQ; Santoquine; 2,2,4-Trimethyl-6-ethoxy-1,2dihydroquinoline Classification: Dihydroquinoline Empirical: C14H19NO Properties: Yel. liq.; m.w. 217.34; dens. 1.0291.031 (25 C); m.p. ≈ 0 C; b.p. 125 C (2 mm); ref. index 1.569-1.572 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 800 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Post-harvest preservative for foods (human or animal); antioxidant for foods, apples, pears; scald inhibitor; stabilizer, preservative; antioxidant for preservation of color in prod. of chili powd., paprika, ground chili Regulatory: FDA §73.275, 73.295, 172.140 (limitation 100 ppm in chili powd., 100 ppm in paprika, 5 ppm in uncooked meat fat, 3 ppm in uncooked poultry fat, 0.5 ppm in eggs, zero 1199

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference tolerance in milk), 177.2600; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lanxess http://www.lanxess.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Ethoxyethanol CAS 110-80-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-804-1 UN 1171 (DOT) Synonyms: 'Cellosolve'; 'Cellosolve' solvent; EE; 2-EE; EGEE; EGMEE; Ethanol, 2-ethoxy; 2-Ethoxyethanol; Ethyl 'Cellosolve'; Ethylene glycol ethyl ether; Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether; Ethyl glycol; Glycol ether EE; Glycol ethyl ether; Glycol monoethyl ether; Hydroxy ether Classification: Aliphatic ether alcohol; glycol ether Empirical: C4H10O2 Formula: CH3CH2OCH2CH2OH Properties: Colorless liq.; mild sweet ether odor; misc. with hydrocarbons, alcohol, ether, acetone, liq. esters, water; m.w. 90.14; dens. 0.9311 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 5.31 mm Hg; m.p. -70 C; b.p. 135.6 C; flash pt. 48.9 C; ref. index 1.4060; surf. tens. 28.2 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 29.6 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 3 g/kg, (IP, rat) 2800 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 2400 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3300 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, IV, IP routes; mildly toxic by inhalation, subcut. routes; mild eye/skin irritant; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.03; COD 1.92; ThOD 1.96 Precaution: Flamm.; reacts with oxidizing materials; mod. explosion hazard in form of vapor when exposed to flames; may form explosive peroxides on exposure to light Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Diluent in food colorants Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 175.105, 177.2600; SARA §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; Calif. Prop. 65 reportable; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brown Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.brownchem.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Oxiteno http://www.oxiteno.com.br/in/index.htm; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 2-Ethoxyethanol. See Ethoxyethanol 3-Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. See Ethyl vanillin 1- Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzene. See Hydroquinone ethyl ether 1-(4-Ethoxy-3-hydroxyphenyl) propene; 1Ethoxy-2-hydroxy-4-propenylbenzene. See Propenylguaethol Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides CAS 61163-33-5 INS488 Synonyms: EMG; Mono- and diglycerides, ethoxylated; Polyoxyethylene monoglycerides Classification: 60.5-65.0% oxyethylene Properties: Acid no. 0-2; sapon. no. 65-75; hyd. no. 65-80 Uses: Emulsifier in pan release agents and dough conditioner in yeast-raised prods.; emulsifier in cakes, cake mixes, whipped vegetable toppings, icings, frozen desserts, nondairy creamers Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.834 Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Trade Names: Avapol™ EMD; EMG 20 K Trade Names Containing: Amfal-46; CDC-10A; CDC-10A (NB); CFI-10; Do Crest 60 Do Crest Gold; MG-F; Solec™ E; Top Mate Kosher; Xpando Xpando 70; Xpando Powder 1-Ethoxy-2-methoxy-4-propen-1-yl benzene. See Isoeugenyl ethyl ether (Ethoxymethyl)benzene. See Benzyl ethyl ether 2-Ethoxy-1-methyl-4-(1-methyl ethyl) benzene. See Carvacryl ethyl ether 2-Ethoxynaphthalene; β-Ethoxynaphthalene. See β-Naphthyl ethyl ether 4-Ethoxyphenylurea; (p-Ethoxyphenyl) urea. 1200

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference See Dulcin 2-Ethoxy-5-propenyl anisole. See Isoeugenyl ethyl ether Ethoxy propenylphenol; 2-Ethoxy-5propenylphenol; 2-Ethoxy-5-prop-1enylphenol. See Propenylguaethol Ethoxyquin; Ethoxyquine; 6-Ethoxy-2,2,4trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline. See 6-Ethoxy1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline Ethyl 2-acetal-3-phenylpropionate. See Ethyl-2acetyl-3-phenylpropionate Ethyl acetate CAS 141-78-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-500-4 UN 1173 (DOT); FEMA 2414 Synonyms: Acetic acid, ethyl ester; Acetic ester; Acetic ether; Acetoxyethane; Ethyl acetic ester; Ethyl ethanoate; Vinegar naphtha Classification: Sat. aliphatic carboxylic acid ester Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C4H8O2 Formula: CH3COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq., fragrant fruity odor, acetous burning taste; sol. in chloroform, alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, fixed and volatile oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 88.12; dens. 0.902 (20/4 C); bulk dens. 0.8945 g/ml; f.p. 83.6 C; b.p. 77 C; flash pt. -4.4 C; ref. index 1.3723; surf. tens. 24 dynes/cm (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 400 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 5620 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 709 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 8 h) 1600 ppm; poison by inh.; mod. toxic by IP and subcut. routes; mildly toxic by ing.; irritant to eyes, skin, mucous membranes; human systemic effects by inh.; mildly narcotic; CNS depressant; can cause dermatitis; high concs. can cause liver/kidney congestion; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.00; COD 1.69; ThOD 1.82 Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizers; incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bases, potassium t-butoxide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Ethanol, acetic acid; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from heat/ignition Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sources Uses: Color diluent in foods; synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages; extraction solvent for decaffeination of coffee and tea Features: Pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.560, 172.859, 173.228, 175.320, 177.1200, 182.60, GRAS; 27CFR §21.106; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for ophthalmics, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; CERCLA hazardous substance; Japan approved with restrictions Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMC Chems.; AP Resources http://www.apr.co.kr; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Chisso Am.; Chisso Petrochem. http://www.chissoeng.co.jp/ENGProfile.htm Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Daicel Chem. Ind. http://www.daicel.co.jp; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com 1201

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/ Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lonza Ltd http://www.lonza.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Vinchem http://www.vinchem.com Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Ethylacetic acid. See n-Butyric acid Ethyl acetic ester. See Ethyl acetate Ethylacetoacetate CAS 141-97-9; EINECS/ELINCS 205-516-1 UN 1993 (DOT); FEMA 2415 Synonyms: Acetoacetic acid ethyl ester; Acetoacetic ester; Diacetic ether; Diacetyl ether; EAA; EEA; Ethyl acetyl acetate; Ethyl acetylacetonate; Ethyl benzyl acetoacetate; Ethyl 3-oxobutanoate; Ethyl 3-oxobutyrate; 3-Oxobutanoic acid ethyl ester Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Empirical: C6H10O3 Formula: CH3COCH2COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity odor; sol. in ≈ 35 parts water; misc. with oxygenated, chlorinated, and aromatic solvs.; m.w. 130.14; dens. 1.0213 (25/4 C); m.p. -45 C; b.p. 180.8 C; flash pt. (CC) 184 F; ref. index 1.4180Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1.4195 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3.98 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mod. irritating to skin, mucous membranes, eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; combustible liq. when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials; explosive reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum; intermediate for vitamins, feed additives Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.300; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Daicel Chem. Ind. http://www.daicel.co.jp Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nippon Syn. Chem. Ind.; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Wacker Chems. http://www.wackersilicones.com; Wacker-Chemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Ethyl acetone. See Methyl propyl ketone 1202

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference

Ethyl acrylate CAS 140-88-5; EINECS/ELINCS 205-438-8 UN 1917 (DOT); FEMA 2418

Synonyms: Acrylic acid, ethyl ester; Ethoxycarbonylethylene; Ethyl propenoate; Ethyl 2-propenoate; 2-Propenoic acid, ethyl ester Definition: Esterification of acrylic acid Empirical: C5H8O2 Formula: CH2:CHCOOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq., penetrating and persistent odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 100.12; sp.gr. 0.918; m.p. -71 to -75 C; f.p. 60 F; b.p. 99-100 C; ref. index 1.4068 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 ppm; STEL 15 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 800 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 450 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse) 16,200 mg/m3; poison by ing. and inh.; mod. toxic by skin contact and IP routes; skin and eye irritant; human systemic effects by inh.; pulmonary changes; can severely irritate gastroenteric tract; may cause dyspnea, cyanosis, convulsions; migrates to food from pkg.; delisted as human carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat/flame; can react vigorously with oxidizers; readily polymerized; violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 2 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 175.360, 176.170, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.1630, 178.3790; FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; G.J. Chem. http://www.gjchemical.com/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Whyte

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1203

Ethyl acetyl acetate; Ethyl acetylacetonate. See Ethylacetoacetate Ethyl α-acetylhydrocinnamate; Ethyl αacetylhydroxycinnamate. See Ethyl-2-acetyl3-phenylpropionate Ethyl-2-acetyl-3-phenylpropionate CAS 620-79-1; EINECS/ELINCS 210-651-4 FEMA 2416 Synonyms: Ethyl 2-acetal-3-phenylpropionate; Ethyl α-acetylhydrocinnamate; Ethyl αacetylhydroxycinnamate; Ethylbenzyl acetoacetate; Ethyl-3-oxo-2benzylbutanoate Definition: Obtained by reacting benzyl chloride over hot sodium acetoacetate Empirical: C13H16O3 Formula: CH3COCH(CH2C6H5)CO2C2H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; balsamic fruity jasmine odor; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 220.27; dens. 1.036; b.p. 276 C; flash pt. > 230 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; ProSynth Ltd http://www.prosynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl 3-acetylpropionate. See Ethyl levulinate Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters CAS 1321-30-8 FEMA 2417 Synonyms: Ethyl-2-carboxyglutaconate; Ethyl 1-propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate; Mono-ethyl 1-propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate; 1Ppropene1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid ethyl ester Properties: Colorless oily liq., sweet fruity winey odor and flavor; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; dens. 1.0961; b.p. 260 C; ref. index 1.45771 (14.5 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Ethyl adipate. See Diethyl adipate Ethyl alcohol; Ethyl alcohol, undenatured. See Alcohol Ethyl aldehyde. See Acetaldehyde Ethyl 2-aminobenzoate; Ethyl o-aminobenzoate. See Ethyl anthranilate Ethyl amyl carbinol; Ethyl n-amyl carbinol. See 3-Octanol Ethyl amyl ketone; Ethyl n-amyl ketone. See 3Octanone Ethyl anisate. See Ethyl-p-anisate Ethyl-p-anisate CAS 94-30-4; EINECS/ELINCS 202-320-8 FEMA 2420 Synonyms: p-Anisic acid ethyl ester; Ethyl anisate; Ethyl-4-methoxybenzoate; Ethyl-pmethoxybenzoate Definition: Obtained by esterification of anisic acid with ethanol in presence of an acid catalyst Empirical: C10H12O3 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity anise odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 180.21; dens. 1.103; m.p. 7-8 C; b.p. 269-270 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.522-1.526 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2040 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl anthranilate CAS 87-25-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-735-1 FEMA 2421 Synonyms: o-Aminobenzoic acid, ethyl ester; Ethyl 2-aminobenzoate; Ethyl oHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

aminobenzoate Definition: Obtained by esterification of anthranilic acid with ethanol in presence of acid catalysts Empirical: C9H11NO2 Formula: NH2C6H4COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless to amber liq.; fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol, fixed oils; m.w. 165.19; dens. 1.118 (20/4 C); m.p. 13-15 C; b.p. 264-268 C; ref. index 1.564 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3750 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Sweet grape-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl β-apo-8'-carotenoate. See β-Apo-8´carotenic acid, methyl ester 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde. See p-Ethylbenzaldehyde p-Ethylbenzaldehyde CAS 4748-78-1; EINECS/ELINCS 225-268-8 FEMA 3756 Synonyms: 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde Empirical: C9H10O Formula: C2H5C6H4CHO Properties: Liq., aromatic odor; sol. in ethanol, ether, toluene; insol. in water; m.w. 134.2; dens. 0.979; b.p. 221 C; flash pt. 92 C; ref. index 1.5390 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1700 mg/kg; eye and skin irritant Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, meats, hard and soft candy, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages, cereals, dairy prods., poultry, jams, jellies, chewing gum, instant coffee/tea, condiments, confectionery, seasonings, nut prods. 1204

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Esprit http://www.espritchem.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Jonas; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl benzeneacetate. See Ethyl phenylacetate Ethyl benzenecarboxylate. See Ethyl benzoate α-Ethylbenzenemethanol. See 1-Phenyl-1propanol Ethyl benzoate CAS 93-89-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-284-3 FEMA 2422 Synonyms: Benzoic acid ethyl ester; Benzoic ether; Essence of niobe; Ethyl benzenecarboxylate Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and benzoic acid Empirical: C9H10O2 Formula: C6H5COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq., green grassy, fruity ester-like, aromatic odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; misc. with chloroform, ether, petroleum ether; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 150.18; dens. 1.046 (20/4 C); m.p. -34 C; b.p. 211-214 C; flash pt. 184 F; ref. index 1.505 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2100 mg/kg; LDLo (skin, cat) 10 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; skin and eye irritant; vapors cause cough; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Features: Banana-, cherry-, plum-like flavor Use Level: 0.5% max. as benzoic acid in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Chemial SpA http://www.chemial.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trade Names Containing: Kiwifruit Treattarome 9770 Ethyl benzoylacetate CAS 94-02-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-295-3 FEMA 2423 Synonyms: Acetic acid, benzoyl-, ethyl ester; Benzenepropanoic acid, β-oxo-, ethyl ester; Benzoylacetic acid ethyl ester; Ethyl β-ketoβ-phenylpropionate; Ethyl βoxobenzenepropanoate; Ethyl 3-phenyl-3oxopropanoate; β-Oxobenzenepropanoic acid ethyl ester Definition: Obtained by condensation of ethyl benzoate with ethyl acetate using sodium ethoxide Empirical: C11H12O3 Formula: C6H5COCH2COOC2H5 Properties: Lt. yel. oily liq., pleasant odor; becomes yel. on exposure to air and light; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 192.21; dens. 1.122 (15 C); m.p. < 0 C; b.p. 265-270 C (dec.); flash pt. 140 C; ref. index 1.5270 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 6800 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; volatile with steam Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep protected from air and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA 1205

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hofmen Int'l. http://www.hofmeninternational.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethylbenzyl acetoacetate. See Ethyl-2-acetyl-3phenylpropionate Ethyl benzyl acetoacetate. See Ethylacetoacetate α-Ethylbenzyl alcohol; ±α-Ethylbenzyl alcohol. See 1-Phenyl-1-propanol α-Ethylbenzyl butyrate CAS 10031-86-4; EINECS/ELINCS 233-094-9 FEMA 2424 Synonyms: Butanoic acid 1-phenyl propyl ester; Butyric acid alpha-ethyl benzyl ester; α-Ethyl benzyl butyrate; Ethyl phenyl carbinyl butyrate; α-Phenylpropyl butyrate Empirical: C13H18O2 Properties: Liq., floral fruity odor, sweet plum-like taste; m.w. 206.28; dens. 0.9875-0.9905 (15 C); b.p. 282 C; flash pt. 118 C; ref. index 1.4875-1.4895 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL α-Ethyl benzyl butyrate. See α-Ethylbenzyl butyrate Ethyl benzyl ether. See Benzyl ethyl ether Ethyl brassylate. See Ethylene brassylate 2-Ethylbutanal; 2-Ethyl-1-butanal. See 2Ethylbutyraldehyde Ethyl butanoate. See Ethyl butyrate 2-Ethyl butanoic acid. See Diethylacetic acid Ethyl trans-2-butenoate. See Ethyl crotonate Ethyl butylacetate. See Ethyl caproate 2-Ethylbutyl acetate CAS 10031-87-5; EINECS/ELINCS 233-095-4 FEMA 2425 Synonyms: Acetic acid 2-ethylbutyl ester Definition: Obtained by reacting 2-ethylbutanol with acetic anhydride in the presence of sulfuric acid Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: C2H5CH(C2H5)CH2OOCCH3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Colorless liq.; mild odor; m.w. 144.21; dens. 0.876; b.p. 160-163 C; flash pt. 52 C; ref. index 1.4109 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; moderate fire risk NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 2-Ethyl-3-butylacrolein; α-Ethyl-β-butyl acrolein. See 2-Ethyl-2-heptenal Ethyl butyl carbinol. See 3-Heptanol Ethyl butyl ketone; Ethyl-n-butyl ketone. See 3Heptanone Ethyl butyl malonate. See Butyl ethyl malonate Ethyl t-butyl malonate. See t-Butyl ethyl malonate Ethyl butyraldehyde. See 2-Ethylbutyraldehyde 2-Ethylbutyraldehyde CAS 97-96-1; EINECS/ELINCS 202-623-5 UN 1178 (DOT); FEMA 2426 Synonyms: Butanal, 2-ethyl-; Butyraldehyde, 2-ethyl-; Diethyl acetaldehyde; 2Ethylbutanal; 2-Ethyl-1-butanal; Ethyl butyraldehyde; α-Ethylbutyraldehyde; 2Ethylbutyric aldehyde; α-Ethylbutyric aldehyde; Ethylethylacetaldehyde Classification: Nonaromatic aldehyde Empirical: C6H12O Formula: (C2H5)2CHCHO Properties: Colorless liq., pungent odor; misc. with alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 100.16; dens. 0.811; vapor pressure 13.7 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. -89 C; b.p. 117 C; flash pt. (OC) 70 F; ref. index 1.40398 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3980 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5990 µl/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by inh.; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; dangerous fire risk; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store under nitrogen 1206

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com α-Ethylbutyraldehyde. See 2Ethylbutyraldehyde Ethyl butyrate CAS 105-54-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-306-4 UN 1180 (DOT); FEMA 2427 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, ethyl ester; Butyric acid, ethyl ester; Butyric ether; Ethyl butanoate; Ethyl n-butyrate Classification: Butanoic acid ester Definition: Obtained by esterification of n-butyric acid with ethyl alcohol in presence of Twitchell's reagent or MgCl2 Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq., banana-pineapple odor; sol. in water, fixed oils, propylene glycol; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in glycerin @ 121 C; m.w. 116.18; dens. 0.874; m.p. -100.8 C; b.p. 121.6 C; flash pt. (CC) 24 C; ref. index 1.391 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 13 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant, flavor enhancer, and fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum; mfg. of rum Features: Ethereal, banana-, strawberry-, pineapple-like flavor and fragrance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BASF http://www.basf.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names Containing: Guava Treattarome 9740; Kiwifruit Treattarome 9770; Passion Fruit Treattarome 9750 Ethyl n-butyrate. See Ethyl butyrate Ethylbutyric acid; 2-Ethylbutyric acid; αEthylbutyric acid. See Diethylacetic acid 2-Ethylbutyric aldehyde; α-Ethylbutyric aldehyde. See 2-Ethylbutyraldehyde Ethyl butyrolactone; γ-Ethylbutyrolactone. See γ-Hexalactone Ethyl caprate; Ethyl caprinate. See Ethyl decanoate Ethyl caproate CAS 123-66-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-640-3 UN 3272; FEMA 2439 Synonyms: Ethyl butylacetate; Ethyl capronate; Ethyl hexanoate; Ethyl hexoate; Ethyl hexylate; Hexanoic acid ethyl ester 1207

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Obtained by esterification of caproic acid with ethyl alcohol in presence of conc. H2SO4 or HCl Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)4COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq.; fruity ester-like, tropical, mild wine odor; sol. in fixed oils, most org. solvs.; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 144.24; dens. 0.867-0.871; vapor dens. 4.9; b.p. 163; ref. index 1.406-1.409 Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. or combustible liq.; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, jellies; mfg. of artificial fruit flavors Features: Fruity, sl. fermented, apple, banana, pineapple-like flavor and fragrance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names Containing: Guava Treattarome 9740; Kiwifruit Treattarome 9770; Passion Fruit Treattarome 9750 Ethyl capronate. See Ethyl caproate Ethyl caprylate. See Ethyl octanoate 4-Ethyl caprylic acid. See 4-Ethyloctanoic acid Ethyl carbinol. See Propyl alcohol Ethyl δ-carboethoxyvalerate. See Diethyl adipate Ethyl-2-carboxyglutaconate. See Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters Ethyl carvacrol; Ethyl carvacryl ether. See Carvacryl ethyl ether Ethyl 'Cellosolve'. See Ethoxyethanol Ethylcellulose CAS 9004-57-3 INS462 Synonyms: Cellulose ethyl; Cellulose ethylate; Cellulose ethyl ether; EC; Ethocel Definition: Ethyl ether of cellulose Properties: Wh. to lt. tan powd.; sol. in most org. liqs., alcohol, aromatic solvs.; insol. in water, glycerol, propylene glycol; dens. 1.07-1.18; ref. index 1.47 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Food additive; binder, filler, color diluent, flavor fixing agent, bulking agent in foods; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.868, 1208

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 175.300, 182.90, 573.420, GRAS; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Colorcon http://www.colorcon.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sansho http://www.sansho.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Aqualon® N-7; Aqualon® N-10; Aqualon® N-14; Aqualon® N-22; Aqualon® N-50 Aqualon® N-100; Ethocel™ Standard 4 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 FP Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium Trade Names Containing: CVC™ Type A Coated Ascorbic Acid; Coated Ascorbic Acid, Type EC Ethyl cinnamate CAS 103-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-104-6 FEMA 2430 Synonyms: Ethyl-trans-cinnamate; Ethyl phenylacrylate; Ethyl-β-phenylacrylate; Ethyl-3-phenylpropenoate; Ethyl 3-phenyl2-propenoate; Ethyl (E)-3-phenylprop-2Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enoate; 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid, ethyl ester; 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, ethyl ester Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and cinnamic acid; obtained by heating cinnamic acid, alcohol, and sulfuric acid to 100 C in presence of aluminum sulfate Empirical: C11H12O2 Properties: Nearly colorless oily liq., faint cinnamon odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, water; m.w. 176.23; dens. 1.049 (20/4 C); m.p. 9 C; b.p. 271 C; flash pt. > 212 F; ref. index 1.558-1.561 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Sweet cinnamon, plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Ethyl-trans-cinnamate. See Ethyl cinnamate Ethyl citrate. See Triethyl citrate Ethyl crotonate CAS 623-70-1; 10544-63-5 (trans); EINECS/ELINCS 210-808-7; 234-125-9 (trans) UN 1862 (DOT); FEMA 3486 1209

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: 2-Butenoic acid, ethyl ester; trans2-Butenoic acid ethyl ester; Crotonic acid, ethyl ester; Ethyl trans-2-butenoate; Ethyl α-crotonate; Ethyl β-methylacrylate Definition: Obtained by esterification of crotonic acid with ethyl alcohol in presence of conc. H2O4 Empirical: C6H10O2 Formula: CH3CH:CHCOOC2H5 Properties: Water-wh. solid or liq., char. pungent persistent odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 114.15; dens. 0.916 (20/4 C); m.p. 45 C; b.p. 126 C (cis), 145 C (trans); flash pt. 2 C; ref. index 1.425 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3 g/kg; corrosive; sl. toxic by ing.; lachrymator; strong irritant to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; dangerous fire risk; incompat. with oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes, COx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from ignition sources Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/ Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl α-crotonate. See Ethyl crotonate Ethyl cyclohexaneacetate. See Ethyl cyclohexylacetate Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate CAS 3289-28-9; EINECS/ELINCS 221-945-7 FEMA 3544 Synonyms: Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester; Ethyl cyclohexylmethanoate Empirical: C9H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 156.22 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3962 mg/kg; TSCA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

listed Precaution: Avoid contact with eyes and skin; avoid inhaling vapor or mist; avoid heat, flames, sparks, oxidizing agents, and bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry ventilated area Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, puddings, beverages, confectionery, frostings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Ethyl cyclohexanepropionate CAS 10094-36-7; EINECS/ELINCS 233-222-3 FEMA 2431 Synonyms: Cyclohexane ethyl propionate; Ethyl 3-cyclohexylpropanoate; Ethyl cyclohexylpropionate; Hexahydro phenylethyl propionate Definition: Obtained by esterification of ethyl cyclohexanol with propionic acid or anhydride Empirical: C11H20O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., fruity sweet pineapple-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 184.28; dens. 0.940; b.p. 91-94 C (8 mm); flash pt. 122 F; ref. index 1.4480 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet peach, pear-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl cyclohexylacetate CAS 5452-75-5; EINECS/ELINCS 226-695-2 FEMA 2348 Synonyms: Cyclohexaneacetic acid, ethyl ester; Cyclohexane ethyl acetate; Cyclohexylacetic acid ethyl ester; Ethyl cyclohexaneacetate Empirical: C1-H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; .w. 170.2; sp.gr. 0.948; b.p. 211-212 C; flash pt. 80 C; ref. index 1.444 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 56 mg/kg; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with acids, bases, oxidizing agents, reducing 1210

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from heat, open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Molekula Sarl http://www.molekula.co.uk/; Oakwood Prods. http://www.oakwoodchemical.com TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Ethyl cyclohexylmethanoate. See Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate Ethyl 3-cyclohexylpropanoate; Ethyl cyclohexylpropionate. See Ethyl cyclohexanepropionate Ethyl decadienoate CAS 3025-30-7; EINECS/ELINCS 221-178-8 FEMA 3148 Synonyms: 2,4-Decadienoic acid, ethyl ester, (E,Z)-; Ethyl 2,4-decadienoate; Ethyl (2E,4Z) decadienoate; Ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4decadienoate; Ethyl 2-trans-4-cisdecadienoate; E,Z-Ethyl 2,4-decadienoate; Ethyl trans-2-cis-4-decadienoate; Ethyl trans-2-cis-4-decadienoate, mixt. of isomers; Pear ester Definition: One of the principle components of pear Empirical: C12H20O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH=CHCOOCH2CH3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq.; char. pear-like odor and flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water, oil, propylene glycol; m.w. 196.29; sp.gr. 0.898-0.906; vapor pressure 0.04 mm Hg; m.p. -60 C; b.p. 260 C; flash pt. 110 C; ref. index 1.481-1.490 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; may be irritating to skin, eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf.-waters Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Air-sensitive; store under cool, dark conditions; keep under nitrogen; keep away from ignition sources, naked flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, pear and peach formulations, brandy and liquor flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, GRAS; DOT nonregulated; DSL, AICS, China listed Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; CU Chemie Uetikon http://www.uetikon.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Wilshire http://users.aol.com/wilshrchem/chmlist2.ht m Ethyl 2,4-decadienoate; Ethyl (2E,4Z) decadienoate; Ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate; Ethyl 2-trans-4-cis-decadienoate; E,Z-Ethyl 2,4-decadienoate; Ethyl trans-2-cis-4decadienoate; Ethyl trans-2-cis-4decadienoate, mixt. of isomers. See Ethyl decadienoate Ethyl decanoate CAS 110-38-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-761-9 FEMA 2432 Synonyms: Capric acid ethyl ester; Decanoic acid ethyl ester; Ethyl caprate; Ethyl caprinate; Ethyl decylate Definition: Obtained by esterification of decanoic acid and ethyl alcohol in presence of HCl or H2SO4 Empirical: C12H24O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)8COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; fragrant, green grassy, fruity ester-like odor; sol. in fixed oils; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether; insol. in water, 1211

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 200.32; dens. 0.862 (20 C); m.p. -20 C; b.p. 243-245 C; flash pt. 216 F; ref. index 1.425 (20 C) Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; reacts with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages Features: Grape, pear-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Ethyl decylate. See Ethyl decanoate Ethyl dimethylacrylate; Ethyl 3,3dimethylacrylate; Ethyl β,β-dimethylacrylate. See Ethyl senecioate Ethyl trans-2,3-dimethyl acrylate. See Ethyl tiglate Ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate; Ethyl 2,2dimethylpropionate. See Ethyl pivalate 2-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine. See 2-Ethyl-3,5(6)dimethylpyrazine

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2-Ethyl-3,5(6)-dimethylpyrazine CAS 13925-07-0; 27043-05-6; 55031-15-7; 13360-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 237-694-1; 236417-1; 248-182-2 UN 2810; FEMA 3149; 3150 Synonyms: 2,6-Dimethyl-3-ethylpyrazine; 2Ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine; 2-Ethyl-3(5/6)dimethyl pyrazine Classification: pyrazine Empirical: C8H12N2 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; pungent, nutty, roasted cocoa odor; sol. in water, org. solvs.; m.w. 136.20; dens. 0.965; vapor dens. 4.6; b.p. 180-181 C; flash pt. 157 F; ref. index 1.500 Toxicology: Harmful by ing., inh.; skin, eye, respiratory system irritant Environmental: do not contaminate sewers, water sources Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear protective gloves, splash-proof eye goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, baked goods, puddings, cereals, condiments, meats, dairy prods. Features: Chocolate flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-Ethyl-3(5/6)-dimethyl pyrazine. See 2-Ethyl3,5(6)-dimethylpyrazine Ethyl dodecanoate; Ethyl dodecylate. See Ethyl laurate Ethyl enanthate. See Ethyl heptanoate Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer CAS 9010-77-9 1212

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: EAA; Poly (ethylene-co-acrylic acid); 2-Propenoic acid with ethene; 2Propenoic acid, polymer with ethene Definition: Copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid monomers Formula: (CH2CH2)x[CH2CH(CO2H)]y Properties: Solid; dens. 0.960 Toxicology: Irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Wax for fruit coating Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.170, 177.1310, 178.1005; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names: Lakewax 52 Ethylene aldehyde. See Acrolein Ethylenebis (dithiocarbamate) disodium salt; Ethylenebis (dithiocarbamic acid) disodium salt. See Nabam Ethylenebis (iminodiacetic acid) tetrasodium salt. See Tetrasodium EDTA Ethylene bis (stearamide); N,N´-Ethylene bisstearamide; Ethylenebisstearoamide; Ethylenebis (stearylamide). See Ethylene distearamide Ethylene brassylate CAS 105-95-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-347-8 FEMA 3543 Synonyms: Cyclo-1,13-ethylenedioxytridecan1,13-dione; Cyclo-1,13ethylenedioxytridecane-1,13-dione; 1,4Dioxacycloheptadecane-5,17-dione; Ethyl brassylate; Ethylene glycol brassylate; Ethylene glycol brassylate cyclic diester; Ethylene undecane dicarboxylate; Musk T; Tridecanedioic acid cyclic ethylene glycol diester; 1,13-Tridecanedioic acid, 1,2ethanediol ester; 1,13-Tridecanedioic acid ethylene ester; Tridecanoic acid, cyclic ethylene ester; 1,1´-Undecanedicarboxylic acid ester with ethylene glycol Classification: Cyclic ester; macrocyclic musk Definition: Obtained by esterification of brassylic acid Empirical: C15H26O4 Properties: Wh. to lt. yel. liq., sweet musk-like odor; sol. in alcohol, most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 270.37; dens. 1.05; b.p. 332 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.4690-1.4730; tenacity 1 wk. on blotter Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: < 10% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 5-3880); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Jiande City Xinhua http://www.xhchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Ethylene chloride. See Ethylene dichloride Ethylenediamine CAS 107-15-3 (anhyd.); 6780-13-8 (monohydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 203-468-6 UN 1604 (DOT) Synonyms: 1,2-Diaminoethane; Dimethylenediamine; EDA; 1,2Ethanediamine Classification: Aliphatic organic compd.; aliphatic polyamine Empirical: C2H8N2 Formula: NH2CH2CH2NH2 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. clear volatile liq., ammonia-like odor; sol. in acetone, ethanol, dimethylsulfoxide, benzene, water; sl. sol. in diethyl ether, heptane; misc. with water, alcohol, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; m.w. 60.12; dens. 0.8994 (20/4 C); m.p. 8.5 C; b.p. 117.2 C; flash pt. (CC) 42 C; ref. index 1.4565 Toxicology: TLV/TWA 10 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg; human irritant poison by inh.; mod. toxic by ingestion, skin contact; corrosive; severe skin and eye irritant; lachrymator; allergen, sensitizer; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; flamm. exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; can react violently with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin, many others; absorbs CO2 from air to form the carbamate 1213

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference salt Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, hydrogen cyanide, volatile amines; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and NH3 NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; air-sensitive Uses: Antimicrobial in cane-sugar and beetsugar mills; flume wash water additive for food processing; mfg. of food-contact paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.320 (1 ppm max.), 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.180, 176.300, 178.1010, 178.3120, 181.30, 556.270; FDA approved for IV, injectables, orals, rectals, topicals; BP, EP, JP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Accurate Chem. & Scientific http://www.accuratechemical.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Alkyl Amines Chems. Ltd http://www.alkylamines.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com Dow http://www.dow.com; Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kanto Denka Kogyo http://www.kantodenka.co.jp; Nova Molecular Tech. http://www.novamolecular.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sumitomo Seika http://www.sumitomoseika.co.jp Tosoh http://www.tosoh.co.jp; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Ethylenediamine acetic acid trisodium salt. See Trisodium EDTA Ethylenediamine bisstearamide. See Ethylene distearamide N,N´-Ethylenediaminediacetic acid tetrasodium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

salt. See Tetrasodium EDTA Ethylenediamine steardiamide. See Ethylene distearamide Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. See Edetic acid Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, calcium disodium salt. See Calcium disodium EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, dipotassium salt dihydrate. See Dipotassium EDTA dihydrate Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium salt. See Disodium EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ferric-sodium salt; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium ferric salt. See Sodium ferric EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium salt; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, tetrasodium salt. See Tetrasodium EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, trisodium salt. See Trisodium EDTA 1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic acid; trans-1,2Ethylenedicarboxylic acid. See Fumaric acid trans-1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester. See Dimethyl fumarate Ethylene dichloride CAS 107-06-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-458-1 UN 1184 (DOT) Synonyms: 1,2-Bichloroethane; 1,2-DCE; Dichloroethane; 1,2-Dichloroethane; Dichloro-1,2-ethane; α,β-Dichloroethane; sym-Dichloroethane; Dichloroethylene; Dutch liquid; Dutch oil; EDC; Ethane dichloride; Ethylene chloride; 1,2-Ethylene dichloride; Glycol dichloride Classification: Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon; chlorinated alkane Empirical: C2H4Cl2 Formula: Cl • CH2CH2 • Cl Properties: Colorless oily liq., chloroform-like odor, sweet taste; misc. with ethanol, chloroform, diethyl ether, acetone, benzene, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 98.96; dens. 1.2554 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 100 mm Hg (29.4 C); f.p. -35.5 C; b.p. 83.5 C; flash pt. 56 C; ref. index 1.445 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 670 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3890 mg/kg; poison by IV, subcut. route; human poison by ing.; mod. toxic by inh., skin contact, IP route; strong narcotic; skin/severe eye irritant; may cause dermatitis; human systemic effects by ing., 1214

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference inh. (somnolence, cough, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach ulceration, cardiac rate change, cyanosis, coma); carcinogen; tumorigenic data; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; mod. explosive as vapor exposed to flame; violent reaction with Al, NH3; can react vigorously with oxidizers and emit vinyl chloride and HCl; dec. on contact with steam (forms HCl) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of Cl–, phosgene NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Extraction solvent for food colorants, flavors, spices, fish protein conc., hops; flume water additive for washing sugar beets; surfactant, adjuvant for pesticide use dilutions on growing crops Use Level: 5 ppm (pharmaceuticals) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.30, 73.345, 73.615, 172.385, 172.560, 172.710, 173.230, 173.315, 175.105, 176.170, 177.1580, 177.1585, 177.2550, 573.440; SARA reportable; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF http://www.basf.com BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Georgia Gulf http://www.ggc.com/ Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ 1,2-Ethylene dichloride. See Ethylene dichloride ((Ethylene dinitrilo) tetraacetato)-ferate (1-), sodium. See Sodium ferric EDTA (Ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid. See Edetic acid (Ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid, dipotassium salt. See Dipotassium EDTA dihydrate (Ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid, sodium salt. See Disodium EDTA Ethylene distearamide CAS 110-30-5; 68955-45-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-755-6; 273-277-0 Synonyms: 1,2-Bis (octadecanamido) ethane; 1,2-Bis (stearoylamino) ethane; N,N-Bisstearoylethylenediamide; N,N´Distearoylethylenediamine; N,N´-1,2Ethanediylbisoctadecanamide; Ethylene bis (stearamide); N,N´-Ethylene bisstearamide; Ethylenebisstearoamide; Ethylenebis (stearylamide); Ethylenediamine bisstearamide; Ethylenediamine steardiamide; N,N´-Ethylenedistearamide; N,N´-Ethylene distearylamide; Octadecanamide, N,N´-1,2-ethanediylbis-; Octadecanamide, N,N´-ethylenebis-; Stearic acid, ethylenediamine diamide Classification: Diamide Empirical: C38H76N2O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)16CONH(CH2)2NHCO(CH2)16CH3 Properties: Solid; insol. in water; m.w. 593.04; bulk dens. 0.6 g/ml; m.p. 143 C; flash pt. (COC) 290 C; nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Release agent migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1200; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Brenntag 1215

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Specialties; Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.c om; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/ H & C Ind.; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mercator http://mercatorinc.com/; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com SCI Int'l. USA; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Venus Ethoxyethers http://www.venusgoa.com Trade Names: Kemamide® W-39 N,N´-Ethylenedistearamide; N,N´-Ethylene distearylamide. See Ethylene distearamide Ethylene glycol brassylate; Ethylene glycol brassylate cyclic diester. See Ethylene brassylate Ethylene glycol butyl ether; Ethylene glycol nbutyl ether. See Butoxyethanol Ethylene glycol distearate. See Glycol distearate Ethylene glycol ethyl ether. See Ethoxyethanol Ethylene glycol methyl ether. See Methoxyethanol Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; Ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether. See Butoxyethanol Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether. See Ethoxyethanol Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether. See Methoxyethanol Ethylene glycol monostearate. See Glycol stearate Ethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-1 Ethylene glycol/propylene glycol block copolymer. See EO/PO block polymer or copolymer Ethylene glycol stearate. See Glycol stearate Ethylene homopolymer; Ethylene latex. See Polyethylene Ethylene oxide CAS 75-21-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-849-9 UN 1040 (DOT); FEMA 2433 Synonyms: Dihydrooxirene; Dimethylene oxide; EO; Epoxyethane; 1,2-Epoxyethane; Ethene oxide; ETO; Oxacyclopropane; Oxane; Oxidoethane; α,β-Oxidoethane; Oxirane Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Classification: Ether Empirical: C2H4O Properties: Colorless gas or liq.; ether-like odor; very sol. in ether; sol. in org. solvs.; misc. with water, alcohol, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 44.06; dens. 0.8711 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 1310 mm Hg; m.p. -111.3 C; b.p. 10.73 C; flash pt. 29 C; ref. index 1.359; dielec. const. 13.0 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 72 mg/kg; poison by ing., IP, subcut., IV routes; mod. toxic by inh.; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory tract; human systemic effects by inh. (convulsions, nausea, vomiting, pulmonary changes); suspected human carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, neoplastigen, teratogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.06; COD 1.74; ThOD 1.82 Precaution: Flamm.; LEL 3%; UEL 100%; severe explosion hazard exposed to flame; violent polymerization on contact with ammonia, alkali hydroxides, amines, acids, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Mfg. of copolymer condensates for use as solubilizer, stabilizer in flavors, processing aids, wetting agents for foods; fumigant for ground spices, whole spices Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 172.808, 175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 177.2470, 178.3520; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for ophthalmics, topicals; Canada DSL; SARA §302a extremely hazardous, §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; Calif. Prop. 65 reportable; HAP Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF http://www.basf.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Equistar http://www.equistarchem.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; 1216

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com Sunoco http://www.sunocochem.com; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com Ethylene polymer; Ethylene polymers; Ethylene resin. See Polyethylene Ethylenesuccinic acid. See Succinic acid Ethylene trichloride. See Trichloroethylene Ethylene undecane dicarboxylate. See Ethylene brassylate Ethyl-α,β-epoxyhydrocinnamate. See Ethyl phenylglycidate Ethyl α,β-epoxy-β-methylhydrocinnamate; Ethyl 2,3-epoxy-3-methyl-3-phenylpropionate. See Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Ethyl-α,β-epoxy-α-phenylpropionate. See Ethyl phenylglycidate Ethyl ester of β-apo-8´-carotenic acid. See βApo-8´-carotenic acid, ethyl ester Ethyl ethanoate. See Ethyl acetate Ethylethylacetaldehyde. See 2Ethylbutyraldehyde N-Ethyl-N-[4-[[4-[ethyl [(3-sulfophenyl) methyl] amino] phenyl] (2-sulfophenyl) methylene]2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene]-3sulfobenzenemethanaminium, hydroxide, inner salt, aluminum salt. See FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake N-Ethyl-N-[4-[[4-[ethyl[(3-sulfophenyl) methyl] amino] phenyl] (2-sulfophenyl) methylene]2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene]-3sulfobenzenemethanaminium hydroxide inner salt, disodium salt. See FD&C Blue No. 1; Acid blue 9 2-Ethyl fenchol CAS 18368-91-7; 137255-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 242-243-7 FEMA 3491 Synonyms: Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol, 2ethyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-, endo-, (-)-; 2-Ethyl1,3,3-trimethyl-2-norbornanol Empirical: C12H22O Properties: Earthy sharp camphoraceous odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 182.31; dens. 0.956; b.p. 105 C (15 mm); flash pt. 192 F Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, chewing gum, dairy prods., condiments Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl formate CAS 109-94-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-721-0 UN 1190 (DOT); FEMA 2434 Synonyms: Ethyl formic ester; Ethyl methanoate; Formic acid ethyl ester; Formic ether Classification: Aliphatic organic compd.; carboxylic acid ester Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and formic acid Empirical: C3H6O2 Formula: HCOOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq., sharp rum-like odor; very sol. in water; sol. in acetone, alcohol, benzene, ether, fixed oils, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in min. oil; m.w. 74.09; sp.gr. 0.9236 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 100 mm Hg (5.4 C); m.p. -79 C; b.p. 54 C; flash pt. (CC) -20 C; ref. index 1.359 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 100 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 1850 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 20 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing., subcut. routes; mildly toxic by skin contact and inh.; skin and eye irritant; vapor can irritate nose, throat, lungs; high concs. may cause CNS depression, unconsciousness; severe exposure may cause potentially fatal pulmonary edema; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; dangerous fire and explosion hazard exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; incompat. with oxidizing materials, acids (decomp. can occur), bases (vigorous decomp. can occur), moisture Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Ethanol, formic acid; dec. slowly in water, releasing formic acid; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; ground drums and bond transfer containers 1217

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Natural and synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Features: Ethereal, fruity fragrance and flavor, rum-like on dilution Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1295, GRAS; insecticide residue tolerance of 250 ppm in raisins and currants; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Ogawa & Co. http://www.ogawa.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; San-Ei Gen F.F.I. http://www.saneigenffi.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com T. Hasegawa http://www.t-hasegawa.co.jp; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Ethylformic acid. See Propionic acid Ethyl formic ester. See Ethyl formate Ethyl fumarate CAS 2459-05-4; EINECS/ELINCS 219-544-7 Synonyms: Monoethyl fumarate Empirical: C6H8O4 Formula: C2H5OCOCH:CHCOOH Properties: M.w. 144.13; m.p. 67-69 C Uses: Fungistat in tomato juice Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Ethyl fumarate. See Diethyl fumarate 2-Ethylfuran CAS 3208-16-0; EINECS/ELINCS 221-714-0 UN 1993; FEMA 3673 Definition: Obtained by dehydration of furyl methyl carbinol followed by reduction Empirical: C6H8O Properties: Colorless liq., powerful sweet burnt odor, coffee-like flavor; sol. in alcohol; almost insol. in water; m.w. 96.13; dens. 0.912; vapor dens. 3.3; vapor dens. 50 mmHg; b.p. 92-93 C; flash pt. 28 F; ref. index 1.4390 Toxicology: Eye, skin, respiratory system irritant Precaution: Flamm. liq.; wear protective gloves, splash-proof eye goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; I. P. Callison http://www.ipcallison.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl furaneol CAS 27538-10-9; EINECS/ELINCS 248-514-6 FEMA 3623 Synonyms: 2-Ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl3(2H)furanone; Homofuraneol Empirical: C7H10O3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; wine, berry odor; m.w. 142.15; dens. 1.130-1.150 Uses: Flavoring agent in fruit, coffee, bread, maple juice, food, drink, tobacco Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech 1218

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.adv-bio.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Ethyl-2-furanpropionate CAS 10031-90-0; EINECS/ELINCS 233-097-5 FEMA 2435 Synonyms: Emanol; Ethyl furfuralacetate; Ethyl-3-(2-furyl)-propanoate; Ethyl furylpropionate; 2-Furan propanoic acid ethyl ester Empirical: C9H12O3 Properties: Pale yel to cl. liq. solid; turns yel. on exposure to air; fruity odor; m.w. 168.19; m.p. 24.5 C; b.p. 260 C; ref. index 1.54876 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl furfuralacetate; Ethyl-3-(2-furyl)propanoate; Ethyl furylpropionate. See Ethyl2-furanpropionate Ethyl gallate CAS 831-61-8; EINECS/ELINCS 212-608-5 INS313 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, ethyl ester; Ethyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate; Gallic acid ethyl ester Empirical: C9H10O5 Properties: Powd.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 198.19; m.p. 149-153 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 5810 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses, lab coat, and impervious gloves; avoid ignition sources and oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors, COx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry place Uses: Antioxidant for foods Features: Prevents oxidative rancidity; effective at low concs. Regulatory: BP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; ChromaDex Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.chromadex.com/; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk Ethyl glycol. See Ethoxyethanol 4-Ethylguaiacol CAS 2785-89-9; EINECS/ELINCS 220-500-4 FEMA 2436 Synonyms: 4-Ethyl-2-methoxyphenol; Homocreosol; 1-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-4ethylbenzene; 2-Methoxy-2-ethylphenol Classification: Aromatic alcohol Empirical: C9H12O2 Properties: Oily liq., smoky bacon-like odor; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 152.19; dens. 1.063; vapor 5.2; m.p. 15 C; b.p. 234-236 C; flash pt. 226 F; ref. index 1.5241.534 Toxicology: Eye, skin, respiratory system irritant; harmful by ing.; TSCA listed Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Ethyl hendecanoate. See Ethyl undecanoate Ethyl 10-hendecenoate. See Ethyl 10undecenoate Ethyl heptanoate CAS 106-30-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-382-9 FEMA 2437 Synonyms: Cognac oil; Cognac oil, synthetic; Enanthylic ether; Ethyl enanthate; Ethyl nheptanoate; Ethyl heptoate; Ethyl nheptoate; Ethyl heptylate; Ethyl oenanthate; Ethyl oenanthylate; Heptanoic acid ethyl ester; Oenanthic ether; Oil of grapes Definition: Ester of heptoic acid Empirical: C9H18O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)5COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless oily liq., fruity wine-like 1219

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference odor and taste with burning aftertaste; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; misc. with alcohol, ether, chloroform; insol. in water; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.868 (20/4 C); m.p. -66.3 C; b.p. 186-188 C; flash pt. 74 C; ref. index 1.413 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 34,640 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, liqueurs, formulation of raspberry, gooseberry, grape, cherry, apricot, currant, bourbon, and other artificial essences; artificial cognac flavors Features: Berry, melon, peach, pineapple, plumlike flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Ethyl n-heptanoate. See Ethyl heptanoate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2-Ethyl-2-heptenal CAS 10031-88-6 FEMA 2438 Synonyms: 2-Ethyl-3-butylacrolein; α-Ethyl-βbutyl acrolein; 2-Ethyl hept-2-enal Empirical: C9H14O Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 140.23 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 2-Ethyl hept-2-enal. See 2-Ethyl-2-heptenal Ethyl heptoate; Ethyl n-heptoate; Ethyl heptylate. See Ethyl heptanoate Ethyl heptyl ketone. See 3-Decanone Ethyl hexadecanoate. See Ethyl palmitate Ethyl-2,4-hexadienoate. See Ethyl sorbate Ethyl hexanoate. See Ethyl caproate 2-Ethylhexanoic acid, 1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl ester. See Propylene glycol dioctanoate 2-Ethylhexanol CAS 104-76-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-234-3 FEMA 3151 Synonyms: Alcohol C8; 2-EH; 2-Ethyl-1hexanol; 2-Ethylhexan-1-ol; 2-Ethylhexyl alcohol; 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl Classification: Alcohol Empirical: C8H18O Formula: CH3(CH2)3CHC2H5CH2OH Properties: Colorless to pale yel. clear liq., mild oily sweet sl. rose fragrance; sol. in ethanol, ether, diethyl ether, DMSO, acetone, benzene, chloroform; misc. with most org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 130.26; dens. 0.83 (20 C); vapor pressure 0.05 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. -76 C; b.p. 183.5 C; flash pt. 81.1 C; ref. index 1.4300 (20 C); surf. tens. 27.6 dynes/cm (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2049 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 500 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 650 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1970 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, IP, subcut., parenteral routes; severe eye irritant; moderate skin irritant; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated 1220

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store under ambient temps. away from oxidizing materials and acids Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1200, 178.3480; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/ Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chisso Am.; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com Expo Chem. http://www.expochem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Ivanhoe Ind. http://www.ivanhoeindustries.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com Sunoco http://www.sunocochem.com; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol; 2-Ethylhexan-1-ol. See 2Ethylhexanol 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol ester with diphenyl phosphate. See Diphenyl octyl phosphate 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt; 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt. See Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate Ethyl-3-hexenoate CAS 2396-83-0; EINECS/ELINCS 219-257-7 FEMA 3342 Synonyms: Ethyl hex-3-enoate; Ethyl hydrosorbate; 3- Hexenoic acid ethyl ester Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C8H14O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; fruity odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.896; m.w. 142.1974; b.p. 63-64 C; flash pt. (TCC) 54.44 C; ref. index 1.426 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Wear respirator, chemical safety goggles, rubber boots, heavy rubber gloves; avoid breathing vapor; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Keep tightly closed; keep away from heat and open flame; store in cool, dry place Uses: Flavoring agent for foods, beverages; fragrance Features: Fruity, green, sweet pineapple like taste Regulatory: SARA §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Sigma-Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Ethyl hex-3-enoate. See Ethyl-3-hexenoate Ethyl hexoate. See Ethyl caproate 1-Ethyl hexyl acetate. See 3-Octyl acetate 2-Ethylhexyl alcohol. See 2-Ethylhexanol Ethyl hexylate. See Ethyl caproate Ethyl hexyl carbinyl acetate. See 3-Nonanon-1yl acetate 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl ester phosphoric acid; 2Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate. See Diphenyl octyl phosphate 2-Ethylhexyl-2-ethylhexanoate. See Octyl octanoate 2-Ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate; 2-Ethylhexyl pmethoxycinnamate; Ethylhexyl pmethoxycinnamate; 2-Ethylhexyl 3-(4methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoate. See Octyl methoxycinnamate Ethylhexyl phthalate; 2-Ethylhexyl phthalate. See s-Dioctyl phthalate 2-Ethylhexyl sodium sulfate. See Sodium 2ethylhexyl sulfate 2-Ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate 1221

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ethyl hydrate. See Alcohol Ethyl hydrocinnamate. See Ethyl-3phenylpropionate Ethyl hydrosorbate. See Ethyl-3-hexenoate Ethyl hydroxide. See Alcohol Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate. See Ethyl salicylate Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate. See Ethylparaben Ethyl-o-hydroxybenzoate. See Ethyl salicylate Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate. See Ethylparaben Ethyl-4-hydroxybenzoate potassium salt. See Potassium ethylparaben Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate. See Ethyl 3hydroxybutyrate Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate CAS 5405-41-4; EINECS/ELINCS 226-456-2 UN 1993; FEMA 3428 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-, ethyl ester; Butyric acid, 3-hydroxy-, ethyl ester; Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate; Ethyl βhydroxybutyrate; Ethyl DL-3hydroxybutyrate; 3-Hydroxybutanoic acid ethyl ester; DL-β-Hydroxy-n-butric acid ethyl ester; 3-Hydroxybutyric acid ethyl ester; DL-3-Hydroxybutyric acid ethyl ester Definition: Ester commonly found in grapes and other berries Empirical: C6H12O3 Formula: CH3CH(OH)CH2C(O)OC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; fresh fruity grape flavor; sol. @ 23 C: ≥ 100 mg/ml in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol, acetone; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 132.16; sp.gr. 1.017; b.p. 170 C; flash pt. 64 C; ref. index 1.4182 (20 C) Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps. in cool, dry place away from heat, open flame, oxidizing materials; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Use Level: 5-10 ppm Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Biosynth AG http://www.biosynth.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Ethyl β-hydroxybutyrate; Ethyl DL-3hydroxybutyrate. See Ethyl 3hydroxybutyrate Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose CAS 9004-58-4 INS467 Synonyms: Cellulose ethyl hydroxyethyl ether; EHEC; Hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose (INCI) Definition: Ethylene glycol ether of ethyl cellulose Properties: Wh. gran. solid; sol. in water; sol. in mixt. of aliphatic hydrocarbons contg. alcohol Precaution: Combustible Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Brainerd Chem. http://www.brainerdchemical.com Ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate CAS 2305-25-1; EINECS/ELINCS 218-973-7 FEMA 3545 Synonyms: Hexanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-, ethyl ester Empirical: C8H16O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; citrus smoky tobacco leathery fatty green grassy odor; sol. in alcohol, most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 160.22; sp.gr. 0.967-0.976; vapor dens. 5,5; b.p. 85 C (10 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 90 C; ref. index 1.424-1.433 (20 C) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin; defats skin; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; ing. may cause stomach pain, vomiting; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing 1222

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, ignition sources, naked flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods (meat, steak sauce, green vegetables) Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, AICCS, China, Canada DSL, ECL, ENCS, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-Ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)furanone. See Ethyl furaneol Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate. See Ethyl lactate Ethyl-(S)-2-hydroxypropanoate. See Ethyl-(S)lactate Ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate; Ethyl αhydroxypropionate. See Ethyl lactate Ethyl-S(-)-2-hydroxy propionate; Ethyl-(S)-2hydroxy propionate. See Ethyl-(S)-lactate 2-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one. See Ethyl maltol Ethylidene diethyl ether. See Acetal Ethylidenelactic acid. See Lactic acid Ethyl isobutanoate. See Ethyl isobutyrate Ethyl isobutenoate. See Ethyl senecioate Ethyl isobutyrate CAS 97-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 202-595-4 UN 2385 (DOT); FEMA 2428 Synonyms: Ethyl isobutanoate; Ethyl-2methylpropanoate; Ethyl-2methylpropionate; Isobutyric acid, ethyl ester; 2-Methylpropanoic acid ethyl ester; 2Methylpropionic acid ethyl ester Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCOOC2H5 Properties: Colorless volatile liq., aromatic fruity odor; misc. with alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 116.16; dens. 0.867 (20/4 C); vapor Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pressure 40 mm (33.8 C); m.p. -88 C; b.p. 107110 C; flash pt. 20 C; ref. index 1.388 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 800 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flammable liq.; reacts with oxidizing, reducing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, toppings, mfg. of flavoring compds. and essences Features: Strawberry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITIT Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Ethyl isoeugenyl. See Isoeugenyl ethyl ether Ethyl isopropylideneacetate. See Ethyl senecioate N-Ethyl-2-(isopropyl)-5-methylcyclohexane carboxamide. See N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3carboxamide Ethyl isovalerate CAS 108-64-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-602-3 1223

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference UN 3272; FEMA 2463 Synonyms: Ethyl 3-methylbutyrate; Ethyl βmethylbutyrate; Isovaleric acid ethyl ester; 3-Methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester; 3Methylbutyric acid, ethyl ester Classification: aliphatic compd. Definition: Obtained by esterification of isovaleric acid with ethyl alcohol in presence of conc. H2SO4 Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless oily liq., apple odor; sol. in propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water @ 135 C; misc. with alcohol, fixed oils, benzene, ether; m.w. 130.21; dens. 0.868 (20/20 C); b.p. 135 C; m.p. -99 C; flash pt. 77 F; ref. index 1.3951.399 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 7031 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. when exposed to heat, flame, or sparks; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, condiments, artificial fruit essences Features: Ethereal, wine-like, apple-like fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BASF http://www.basf.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Elan Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Ethyl β-keto-β-phenylpropionate. See Ethyl benzoylacetate Ethyl α-ketopropionate. See Ethyl pyruvate Ethyl ketovalerate; Ethyl 4-ketovalerate; Ethyl γketovalerate. See Ethyl levulinate Ethyl lactate CAS 97-64-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-598-0 UN 1192 (DOT); FEMA 2440 Synonyms: Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate; Ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate; Ethyl αhydroxypropionate; 2-Hydroxypropionic acid ethyl ester; Lactic acid ethyl ester Classification: Lactate ester Definition: Ethyl ester of lactic acid; commercial prod. is a racemic mixt. Empirical: C5H10O3 Formula: CH3CHOHCOOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; mild pleasant odor; misc. with water, alcohol, ketones, esters, hydrocarbons, oil, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 118.13; dens. 1.020-1.036 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 1.2 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. -26 C; b.p. 154 C; flash pt. 46.1 C; autoignition temp. 400 C; ref. index 1.410-1.420; surf. tens. 34 dynes/cm; KB value 1000 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2500 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 2500 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 600 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by IP, subcut., IV routes; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.7; COD 1.62; ThOD 1.63; 100% biodeg.; not ODC or HAP Precaution: Flamm. or combustible; LEL 1.6%; UEL 10.6%; can react with oxidizers; sl. explosion hazard in vapor form exposed to flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to 1224

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, syrups Features: Fruity flavor; non-ozone depleting Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI; EPA approved SNAP solvent Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Ciba Spec. Chems./Water & Paper; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Kaltron/Pettibone http://www.kaltron.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Wilke Int'l. http://www.wilkeinternational.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com (-)-Ethyl L-lactate. See Ethyl-(S)-lactate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ethyl-(S)-lactate CAS 687-47-8; EINECS/ELINCS 211-694-1 UN 1192 Synonyms: Ethyl-(S)-2-hydroxypropanoate; Ethyl-S(-)-2-hydroxy propionate; Ethyl-(S)-2hydroxy propionate; (-)-Ethyl L-lactate; Ethyl (S)-(-)-lactate; (S)-(-)-2Hydroxypropionic acid, ethyl ester; Lactic acid ethyl ester; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy, ethyl ester, (S)Classification: Lactate ester Empirical: C5H10O3 Formula: CH3CH(OH)COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruit-like odor; misc. with water, alcohols, ketones, esters, hydrocarbons, ether, oil; m.w. 118.13; sp.gr. 1.042; vapor pressure 2 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. 26 C; b.p. 154 C; flash pt. 46 C; autoignition temp. 400 C; pH 4; ref. index 1.413 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8200 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 2500 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 600 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) 5400 mg/l; irritant; risk of serious eye damage; may cause skin irritation; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; vapor/mist irritating to mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may cause coughing, dyspnea, muscle weakness, cyanosis, mouth/pharynx/esophagus/GI tract irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: Biodeg.; non-ozone depleting; EC50 (daphnia magna, 48 h) 683 mg/l; COD 1.62 g/g; sl. pollutant; prevent entry into sewers, waters, wastewater, soil Precaution: Flamm. liq.; LEL 1.5 vol.%; UEL 11.4 vol.%; vapors heavier than air; sensitive to air; may form explosive mixts. with air; prevent electrostatic charging; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, various plastics; hydrolyzes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store @ 15-25 C in cool, dry, wellventilated place away from heat, open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Solvent in flavors Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de 1225

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names: Purasolv® EL; Purasolv® ELECT; Purasolv® ELS Ethyl (S)-(-)-lactate. See Ethyl-(S)-lactate Ethyl laevulinate. See Ethyl levulinate Ethyl laurate CAS 106-33-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-386-0 FEMA 2441 Synonyms: Dodecanoic acid, ethyl ester; Ethyl dodecanoate; Ethyl dodecylate Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and lauric acid; synthesized from lauroyl chloride and ethyl alcohol in presence of Mg in ether sol'n. Empirical: C14H28O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)10COOCH2CH3 Properties: Colorless oily liq., fruity-floral odor; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 228.37; dens. 0.858; vapor dens. 7.8; b.p. 272-273 C; flash pt. > 212 F; ref. index 1.430 Toxicology: Eye, skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: keep run-off water out of sewers, water sources Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages; dehydrating agent for grapes to produce raisins Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Ethyl levulate. See Ethyl levulinate Ethyl levulinate CAS 539-88-8; EINECS/ELINCS 208-728-2 FEMA 2442 Synonyms: Ethyl 3-acetylpropionate; Ethyl ketovalerate; Ethyl 4-ketovalerate; Ethyl γketovalerate; Ethyl laevulinate; Ethyl levulate; Ethyl-4-oxopentanoate; Ethyl-4oxovalerate; Levulinic acid, ethyl ester; 4Oxopentanoic acid ethyl ester; Pentanoic acid, 4-oxo-, ethyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Definition: Ester of levulinic acid and ethyl alcohol Empirical: C7H12O3 Formula: CH3COCH2CH2COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; freely sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 144.17; dens. 1.012 (20/4 C); b.p. 203-205 C; flash pt. 94 C; ref. index 1.423 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Apple, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; 1226

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.axxence.de; DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Ethyllic acid. See Acetic acid Ethyl malate. See Diethyl DL-malate Ethyl malonate. See Diethyl malonate Ethyl maltol CAS 4940-11-8; EINECS/ELINCS 225-582-5 FEMA 3487; INS637 Synonyms: 2-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one; 2-Ethyl pyromeconic acid; 3-Hydroxy-2ethyl-4-pyrone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C7H8O3 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sweet caramel odor; fruity, sweet taste; sol. in water, alcohol, propylene glycol, chloroform; m.w. 140.14; m.p. 88-92 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1150 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 910 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., subcut. routes; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, fragrance, processing aid, antioxidant in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, meats, soups, hard candy, alcoholic beverages Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

oils.ltd.uk; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide CAS 39711-79-0; EINECS/ELINCS 254-599-0 FEMA 3455 Synonyms: Cyclohexanecarboxamide, Nethyl-5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-; N-Ethyl-2(isopropyl)-5-methylcyclohexane carboxamide; Ethyl methane carboxamide (INCI); N-Ethyl-5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanecarboxamide; Menthol carboxamide Empirical: C13H25NO Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. cryst. solid; faintly mentholic, cooling flavor/fragrance; sol. in alcohol; sol. 0.1% max. in water; m.w. 211.34; m.p. 87 C; flash pt. (TCC) > 200 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 3000 mg/kg; similar menthane derivs. have caused temporary local anesthetic action on the eye Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, cooling agent in foods, beverages, confectionery prods., candy, chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Bioindustria L.I.M. http://www.bioindustria.it; Frinton Labs http://www.frinton.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Interchim http://www.interchim.com Trade Names: Winsense™-3; WS-3; WS-3, Artificial Trade Names Containing: Winsense™ Extra 400; Winsense™ Extra 500 Ethyl methane carboxamide (INCI). See N-Ethylp-menthane-3-carboxamide Ethyl methanoate. See Ethyl formate 1227

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ethyl-4-methoxybenzoate; Ethyl-pmethoxybenzoate. See Ethyl-p-anisate 4-Ethyl-2-methoxyphenol. See 4-Ethylguaiacol Ethylmethylacetic acid. See 2-Methylbutyric acid Ethyl β-methylacrylate. See Ethyl crotonate Ethyl 2-methyl-2-butenate. See Ethyl tiglate Ethyl 3-methyl-2-butenoate. See Ethyl senecioate Ethyl (E)-2-methyl-2-butenoate; Ethyl trans-2methyl-2-butenoate. See Ethyl tiglate Ethyl-2-methylbutyrate CAS 7452-79-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-225-4 UN 3272; UN 1993; FEMA 2443 Classification: aliphatic compd. Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH(CH3)COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; powerful green fruity pungent odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; misc. with fixed oils; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 130.19; dens. 0.868 (20/4 C); vapor dens. 4.4; b.p. 130-133 C; flash pt. 26 C; ref. index 1.397 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; irritating to skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear protective clothing, gloves, eye/face protection; combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy Features: Apple, plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Ethyl 3-methylbutyrate; Ethyl β-methylbutyrate. See Ethyl isovalerate Ethylmethyl carbinol. See 2-Butanol Ethylmethylcellulose. See Methyl ethyl cellulose Ethyl 3-methylcrotonate. See Ethyl senecioate Ethyl α-methylcrotonate. See Ethyl tiglate Ethyl β-methylcrotonate. See Ethyl senecioate Ethyl (E)-2-methylcrotonate. See Ethyl tiglate Ethyl methyl ketone. See Methyl ethyl ketone Ethyl 3-methyl mercaptopropionate; Ethyl βmethylmercaptopropionate. See Ethyl 3(methylthio) propionate N-Ethyl-5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanecarboxamide. See N-Ethyl-pmenthane-3-carboxamide Ethyl 2-methylpentanoate. See Ethyl-2methylvalerate Ethyl methylphenylglycidate CAS 77-83-8; EINECS/ELINCS 201-061-8 FEMA 2444 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-16; Aldehyde C-16 pure; C-16 aldehyde; EMPG; α-β-Epoxy-βmethylhydrocinnamic acid, ethyl ester; Ethyl α,β-epoxy-β-methylhydrocinnamate; Ethyl 2,3-epoxy-3-methyl-3phenylpropionate; Ethyl 3-methyl-31228

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference phenylglycidate; Ethyl 3-methyl-3phenyloxiranecarboxylate; 3-Methyl-3phenyl glycidic acid ethyl ester; 3-Methyl-3phenyloxiranecarboxylic acid, ethyl ester; Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 3-methyl-3-phenyl-, ethyl ester; 'Strawberry aldehyde' Classification: Organic compd. Definition: Commercial prod. is a mixt. of cis and trans isomers Empirical: C12H14O3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., fruity strawberry-like odor; sol. in most fixed oils, propylene glycol; sol. in 3 vols. of 60% alcohol; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 206.24; dens. 1.1041.123; b.p. 272-275 C; flash pt. 273 F; ref. index 1.509-1.511 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5470 mg/kg, (oral, guinea pig) 4050 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Moisture-sensitive; refrigerate Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Sweet strawberry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Ethyl 3-methyl-3-phenylglycidate; Ethyl 3methyl-3-phenyloxiranecarboxylate. See Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ethyl-2-methylpropanoate; Ethyl-2methylpropionate. See Ethyl isobutyrate 2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine CAS 15707-23-0; EINECS/ELINCS 239-799-8 UN 1993; FEMA 3155 Classification: 6-Membered aromatic heterocyclic; pyrazine Empirical: C7H10N2 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., strong raw potato odor; sol. in water, org. solvs.; m.w. 122.17; dens. 0.985; vapor dens. 4.2; b.p. 57 C (10 mm); flash pt. 138 F; ref. index 1.5021.505 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin, eye, respiratory system irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: do not contaminate water sources, sewers Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ Ethyl methyl sulfide; Ethyl methyl thioether. See Methyl ethyl sulfide Ethyl 3-(methylthio) propionate CAS 13327-56-5; EINECS/ELINCS 236-370-7 FEMA 3343 Synonyms: Ethyl 3-methyl mercaptopropionate; Ethyl βmethylmercaptopropionate; Ethyl βmethylthiopropionate; 3-(Methyl thio) 1229

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference propionic acid ethyl ester Empirical: C6H12O2S Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; stench; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 148.23; sp.gr. 1.032; vapor dens. 5.11; b.p. 197 C; flash pt. 80.55 C; ref. index 1.4600 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation, nausea, headache, vomiting; may cause cancer, heritable genetic damage; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, SOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, preserves, spreads Features: Citrus, pineapple flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl β-methylthiopropionate. See Ethyl 3(methylthio) propionate Ethyl-2-methylvalerate CAS 39255-32-8; EINECS/ELINCS 254-384-1 FEMA 3488 Synonyms: Ethyl 2-methylpentanoate; 2Methylvaleric acid ethyl ester; Pentanoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester Classification: Aliphatic compd. Empirical: C8H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; natural fruity pineapple odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 144.21; sp.gr. 0.861-0.865; b.p. 60 C (15 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 40 C; ref. index 1.399-1.406 (20 C) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Flamm. liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources, naked flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: EINECS, AICS, China, Canada DSL, ECL, ENCS, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Daniels Fine Chems. http://www.dfccan.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Molekula Sarl http://www.molekula.co.uk/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl myristate CAS 124-06-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-675-4 FEMA 2445 Synonyms: Ethyl tetradecanoate; Tetradecanoic acid ethyl ester Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and myristic acid Empirical: C16H23O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)12COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., waxy odor; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in ether; m.w. 256.43; dens. 0.856; m.p. 12 C; f.p. > 110 C; b.p. 295 C; flash pt. > 212 F; ref. index 1.434 Toxicology: Harmful by ing.; causes burns; irritating to eyes, respiratory system, skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI 1230

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Ethyl-β-naphtholate; Ethyl-2-naphthyl ether; Ethyl β-naphthyl ether. See β-Naphthyl ethyl ether Ethyl nitrite CAS 109-95-5 UN 1194 (DOT); FEMA 2446 Synonyms: Nitrosyl ethoxide; Nitrous acid ethyl ester; Nitrous ether; Nitrous ethyl ether; Spirit of ethyl nitrite; Spirit of nitrous ether; Sweet spirit of niter Empirical: C2H5NO2 Properties: Ylsh. volatile liq. or gas, ether-like odor; burning taste; dec. on standing; sol. in alcohol; misc. with ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 75.04; sp. gr. 0.90; b.p. 16.4 C; flash pt. -35 C Toxicology: LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) 160 ppm; poison by inh. and ing.; narcotic in high concs.; may cause methemoglobinemia and hypotension; lowers blood pressure; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; very dangerous fire hazard; explosive limits in air 3-50%; explodes; dec. spontaneously @ 90 C; explodes @ 194 F; powerful oxidizer; incompat. with acid or acid fumes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Keep tightly closed in a cool place; protect from light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, icings, syrups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com Ethyl nonanoate; Ethyl nonylate. See Ethyl pelargonate Ethyl nonynoate. See Ethyl-2-nonynoate Ethyl-2-nonynoate CAS 10031-92-2; EINECS/ELINCS 233-098-0 FEMA 2448 Synonyms: Ethyl nonynoate; Ethyl octyne carbonate; 2-Nonynoic acid ethyl ester Empirical: C11H18O2 Properties: Oily liq., green violet-like odor; m.w. 182.26; dens. 0.9032 (25 C); b.p. 227 C; ref. index 1.4527 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl octadecanoate; Ethyl n-octadecanote. See Ethyl stearate Ethyl 9-octadecenoate. See Ethyl oleate Ethyl octanoate CAS 106-32-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-385-5 FEMA 2449 Synonyms: Ethyl caprylate; Ethyl octoate; Ethyl octylate; Octanoic acid ethyl ester Definition: Ester of caprylic acid and ethyl alcohol Empirical: C10H20O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)6COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless very mobile liq., pleasant pineapple odor; sol. in fixed oils; misc. with alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 172.27; dens. 0.867 (20/4 C); m.p. -47 C; b.p. 207-209; flash pt. 167 F; ref. index 1.418 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 25,960 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, 1231

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, mfg. of fruit essences Features: Apricot, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com 4-Ethyloctanoic acid CAS 16493-80-4; EINECS/ELINCS 240-560-5 FEMA 3800 Synonyms: 4-Ethyl caprylic acid Empirical: C10H20O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 172.27sp.gr. 0.904; b.p. 163 C; flash pt. 212 F; ref. index 1.4300-1.4390 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Co, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity, floral odor Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl oct-2(trans)-enoate. See Ethyl trans-2octenoate Ethyl trans-2-octenoate CAS 7367-82-0; EINECS/ELINCS 230-913-1 FEMA 3643 Synonyms: Ethyl oct-2(trans)-enoate Empirical: C10H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 170.25; sp.gr. 0.887-0.891 (20 C); b.p. 191-192 C (1013 mBar); flash pt. (CC) 86 C; ref. index 1.4391.443 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin; defats the skin; ing. may cause stomach pain, vomiting Environmental: Prevent contamination of water sources, sewers Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep container tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, beverages Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl octoate; Ethyl octylate. See Ethyl octanoate Ethyl octyne carbonate. See Ethyl-2-nonynoate Ethyl oenanthate. See Ethyl heptanoate 'Ethyl oenanthate'. See Cognac oil, green or white Ethyl oenanthylate. See Ethyl heptanoate Ethylolamine. See Ethanolamine Ethyl oleate CAS 111-62-6; 85049-36-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-889-5; 285-206-0 FEMA 2450 Synonyms: Ethyl 9-octadecenoate; 9Octadecenoic acid ethyl ester Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and oleic acid Empirical: C20H38O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH:CH(CH2)7COOC2H5 1232

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Ylsh. oily liq.; misc. with alcohol, ether, veg. oils; insol. in water; m.w. 310.52; dens. 0.870 (20/4 C); visc. 75.15 cp; m.p. -32 C; b.p. 216-218 (15 mm); acid no. 0.5 max.; iodine no. 75-85; sapon. no. 177-188; flash pt. 175 C; ref. index 1.451 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Storage: Air- and light-sensitive; freeze Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings; dehydrating agent for grapes to produce raisins Features: Oleaginous Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 172.515; FEMA GRAS; NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Trade Names: Nofable EO-90; Nofable EO-99 Ethyl β-oxobenzenepropanoate. See Ethyl benzoylacetate Ethyl-3-oxo-2-benzylbutanoate. See Ethyl-2acetyl-3-phenylpropionate Ethyl 3-oxobutanoate; Ethyl 3-oxobutyrate. See Ethylacetoacetate Ethyl-4-oxopentanoate. See Ethyl levulinate Ethyl 2-oxopropanoate. See Ethyl pyruvate Ethyl-4-oxovalerate. See Ethyl levulinate Ethyl oxyhydrate CAS 8030-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-449-5 FEMA 2996 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Pyroligneous acids ethyl esters; Rum ether Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; rum, brandy flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.807-0.836; dens. 6.715-6.956 lb/gal; b.p. 65-87 C; ref. index 1.3340-1.3580 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl palmitate CAS 628-97-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-064-6 FEMA 2451 Synonyms: Ethyl hexadecanoate; Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and palmitic acid Empirical: C18H36O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)14COOCH2CH3 Properties: Wh. solid; m.w. 248.48; dens. 0.857; m.p. 26-28 C; b.p. 192-193 C (10 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4400 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock 1233

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethylparaben CAS 120-47-8; EINECS/ELINCS 204-399-4 INS214; E214 Synonyms: p-Carbethoxyphenol; Carboxyphenol; Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate; Ethyl parahydroxybenzoate; 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester; p-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and phydroxybenzoic acid Empirical: C9H10O3 Formula: HOC6H4CO2C2H5 Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. or powd.; sol. in alcohol, ether, acetone, propylene glycol, oxygenated solvs.; almost insol. in water; m.w. 166.19; m.p. 115-118 C; b.p. 297 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 3 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 520 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP route; irritant; local anesthetic effect; may cause asthma, rashes, hyperactivity; mutagenic data; experimental teratogen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Preserve in well-closed containers Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative in foods, fruit, preserves, soft drinks Use Level: 0.08-1.0%; 0.1% in mixts. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; USA CIR approved, EPA registered; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK permitted; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; food preservative (0.012-1 g/kg as phydroxybenzoic acid); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acmehardesty.com; Aldrich http://www.sigmaHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

aldrich.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eigenmann & Veronelli http://www.eigver.it Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Inolex http://www.inolex.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Interchem http://www.interchem.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vevy http://www.vevy.com/VevyEurope.aspx Trade Names: Nipagin A Trade Names Containing: Nipastat® Ethylparaben, potassium salt. See Potassium ethylparaben Ethylparaben, sodium salt. See Sodium ethylparaben Ethyl parahydroxybenzoate. See Ethylparaben Ethyl pelargonate CAS 123-29-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-615-7 1234

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FEMA 2447 Synonyms: Ethyl nonanoate; Ethyl nonylate; Nonanoic acid, ethyl ester; Wine ether Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and pelargonic acid Empirical: C11H22O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)7COOCH2CH3 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity cognac odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; misc. with propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 186.33; dens. 0.866 (18/4 C); vapor dens. 6.4; b.p. ≈ 220 C; f.p. -44 C; flash pt. 185 F; ref. index 1.4220 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 43,000 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin, eye irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: keep run-off out of sewers, water sources Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, icings Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Ethyl pentyl carbinol. See 3-Octanol Ethyl pentyl ketone. See 3-Octanone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ethyl phenacetate. See Ethyl phenylacetate 4-Ethylphenol. See p-Ethylphenol p-Ethylphenol CAS 123-07-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-598-6 FEMA 3156 Synonyms: EP; 4-Ethylphenol; Phenol, pethylEmpirical: C8H10O Formula: HOC6H4C2H5 Properties: Colorless needles; sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 122.17; m.p. 42-46 C; b.p. 218-219 C; flash pt. 213 F Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 138 mg/kg; toxic; poison by IP route; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Keep away from food Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, margarine Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Beckmann Chemikalien http://www.beckmannchem.de; Camida USA http://www.camida.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Wychem Ltd http://www.wychem.co.uk Ethyl phenylacetate CAS 101-97-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-993-8 FEMA 2452 Synonyms: Benzeneacetic acid, ethyl ester; Ethyl benzeneacetate; Ethyl phenacetate; Ethyl-2-phenylethanoate; Ethyl-α-toluate; Phenylacetic acid, ethyl ester; α-Toluic acid ethyl ester Classification: aromatic compd. Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and phenylacetic acid Empirical: C10H12O2 Formula: C6H5CH2COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq., sweet honey-like odor; sol. in fixed oils, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, water; m.w. 164.22; dens. 1.033 (20 C); vapor dens. 5.6; b.p. 227 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.496-1.500 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3300 mg/kg; mod. 1235

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference toxic by ing.; mutagenic data; skin, eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, syrups Features: Sweet apricot, cherry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Interchem http://www.interchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names Containing: Guava Treattarome 9740 Ethyl phenylacrylate; Ethyl-β-phenylacrylate. See Ethyl cinnamate Ethyl phenylbutyrate. See Ethyl-4phenylbutyrate Ethyl-4-phenylbutyrate CAS 10031-93-3 FEMA 2453 Synonyms: Ethyl phenylbutyrate; Ethyl-γphenylbutyrate; 4-Phenyl butanoic acid ethyl ester Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Definition: Ester of ethanol and γ-phenylbutyric acid Empirical: C12H16O2 Properties: Colorless somewhat oily liq., plumlike odor, plum-prune taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 192.26 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods, beverages, candy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ethyl-γ-phenylbutyrate. See Ethyl-4phenylbutyrate Ethyl phenyl carbinol. See 1-Phenyl-1-propanol Ethyl phenyl carbinyl butyrate. See αEthylbenzyl butyrate Ethyl 3-phenyl-2,3-epoxypropionate. See Ethyl phenylglycidate Ethyl-2-phenylethanoate. See Ethyl phenylacetate Ethyl phenylglycidate CAS 121-39-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-467-3 FEMA 2454 Synonyms: Ethyl-α,β-epoxyhydrocinnamate; Ethyl-α,β-epoxy-α-phenylpropionate; Ethyl 3-phenyl-2,3-epoxypropionate; Ethyl 3phenylglycidate; Ethyl 3-phenyloxirane-2carboxylate Empirical: C11H12O3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., fruity strawberry odor; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 192.22; dens. 1.120; b.p. 104 C (0.04 kPa); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.5190-1.5230 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Caramel, strawberry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US 1236

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.iff.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl 3-phenylglycidate. See Ethyl phenylglycidate Ethyl phenyl ketone. See Propiophenone Ethyl 3-phenyloxirane-2-carboxylate. See Ethyl phenylglycidate Ethyl 3-phenyl-3-oxopropanoate. See Ethyl benzoylacetate Ethyl-3-phenylpropenoate; Ethyl 3-phenyl-2propenoate; Ethyl (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate. See Ethyl cinnamate Ethyl-3-phenylpropionate CAS 2021-28-5; EINECS/ELINCS 217-966-6 FEMA 2455 Synonyms: Ethyl hydrocinnamate Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: C6H5CH2CH2COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq., floral odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 178.23; dens. 1.013 (20/4 C); b.p. 247-249 C; flash pt. > 98 C; ref. index 1.494 (20 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Ethyl phthalate. See Diethyl phthalate 3-Ethylpiperidine. See 3-Ethylpyridine Ethyl pivalate CAS 3938-95-2; EINECS/ELINCS 223-520-1 Synonyms: 2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid ethyl ester; 2,2-Dimethylpropionic acid, ethyl ester; Ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate; Ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropionate; Ethyl trimethylacetate; Pivalic acid, ethyl ester; Propanoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-, ethyl ester; Trimethylacetic acid, ethyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C7H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; stench; m.w. 130.19; sp.gr. 0.856; b.p. 118 C; flash pt. (CC) 15 C; ref. index 1.39 (20 C) Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation, nausea, headache, vomiting; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Flamm.; vapor may flash back; container explosion may occur under fire conditions; take precautions against static discharges; incompat. with strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated place in tightly closed containers away from heat, sparks, open flame, ignition sources Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Oakwood Prods. http://www.oakwoodchemical.com Ethyl propanoate. See Ethyl propionate Ethyl 1-propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate. See Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters Ethyl propenoate; Ethyl 2-propenoate. See Ethyl acrylate Ethyl propionate CAS 105-37-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-291-4 UN 1195 (DOT); FEMA 2456 Synonyms: Ethyl propanoate; Propanoic acid ethyl ester; Propionic acid, ethyl ester; Propionic ether Classification: Carboxylic acid ester Definition: Ester of propionic acid and ethyl alcohol Empirical: C5H10O2 Formula: CH3CH2COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity rum odor; sol. in ≈ 60 parts water; sol. in fixed oils, most org. solvs.; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 102.14; dens. 0.890 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 40 mm (27.2 C); m.p. -73 C; b.p. 96-99 C; flash pt. (CC) 12 C; autoignition temp. 440 C; ref. index 1.384 (20 C); surf. tens. 24.27 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 5.65 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 3500 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; skin and eye irritant; probable respiratory tract irritant; high concs. may 1237

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference cause dizziness, headache; extreme concs. may cause unconsciousness, death; ing. may cause gasping breathing, hypothermia, acidosis; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 2.04 Precaution: Highly flamm. liq.; dangerous fire risk and explosion hazard; LEL 1.9; UEL 11%; reacts vigorously with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: May hydrolyze slowly to ethanol and propionic acid if water is present; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed electrically grounded containers in cool, well-ventilated area, separate from workplace; limit quantities in use Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, fruit syrups Features: Pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/ Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Northwestern Flavors http://www.wrigley.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Ethyl propyl carbinol. See 3-Hexanol Ethyl propyl ketone. See 3-Hexanone Ethylprotal. See Ethyl vanillin 3-Ethylpyridine CAS 536-78-7; EINECS/ELINCS 208-647-2 FEMA 3394 Synonyms: 3-Ethylpiperidine; β-Lutidine; Pyridine, 3-ethylEmpirical: C7H9N Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; tobacco taste; sol. 370,000 mg/l in water (196 C); m.w. 107.15; sp.gr. 0.954; vapor pressure 2.53 mm Hg; m.p. -77 C; b.p. 165 C; flash pt. 48.88 C; ref. index 1.502 (20 C) Toxicology: Harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; extremely destructive to tissue of mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, eyes, skin; inh. may result in spasm/inflamm./edema of larynx/bronchi, chem. pneumonitis, pulmonary edema; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; vapor may flash back; stench; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, NOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place away from heat, open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Koei Chem. 1238

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.koeichem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 2-Ethyl pyromeconic acid. See Ethyl maltol Ethyl pyruvate CAS 617-35-6; EINECS/ELINCS 210-511-2 FEMA 2457 Synonyms: Ethyl α-ketopropionate; Ethyl 2oxopropanoate; Pyruvic acid ethyl ester Definition: Ester of pyruvic acid and absolute ethyl alcohol Empirical: C5H8O3 Formula: CH3COCOOC2H5 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel.-grn. liq., vegetable caramel odor; sl. sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 116.12; dens. 1.047 (20/4 C); m.p. -50 c; b.p. 148-150 C; flash pt. 114 F; ref. index 1.405 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Ethyl salicylate CAS 118-61-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-265-5 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 2458 Synonyms: Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate; Ethyl-ohydroxybenzoate; Sal ethyl; Salicylic ether; Salicylic ethyl ester Definition: Ester of salicylic acid and ethyl alcohol Empirical: C9H10O3 Formula: HO • C6H4 • CO2 • C2H5 Properties: Colorless liq., wintergreen odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, acetic acid, fixed oils; sl. sol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 166.18; dens. 1.127; m.p. 1.3 C; b.p. 233-234 C; flash pt. 225 F; ref. index 1.520 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1320 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., guinea pig) 1500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., subcut. routes; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Sweet, fruity, minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Ethyl sebacate. See Diethyl sebacate Ethyl senecioate CAS 638-10-8; EINECS/ELINCS 211-319-1 Synonyms: 2-Butenoic acid, 3-methyl-, ethyl ester; Crotonic acid, 3-methyl-, ethyl ester; 1239

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ethyl dimethylacrylate; Ethyl 3,3dimethylacrylate; Ethyl β,βdimethylacrylate; Ethyl isobutenoate; Ethyl isopropylideneacetate; Ethyl 3-methyl-2butenoate; Ethyl 3-methylcrotonate; Ethyl βmethylcrotonate; Methyl-2-butenoic acid, ethyl ester Empirical: C7H12O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 128.17; sp.gr. 0.922; b.p. 154-155 C; flash pt. (CC) 43 C; ref. index 1.436 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 11,600 mg/kg; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: Do not empty into drains Precaution: Flamm.; vapor may flash back; container explosion may occur under fire conditions; take precautions against static discharges; incompat. with acids, bases, oxidizing agents, reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of Co, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from heat, sparks, open flame, ignition sources; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Features: Fruity, pineapple, green, apple odor Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Ethyl sorbate CAS 2396-84-1; EINECS/ELINCS 219-258-2 FEMA 2459 Synonyms: Ethyl-2,4-hexadienoate; Sorbic acid ethyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Definition: Ester of sorbyl chloride and ethyl alcohol Empirical: C8H12O2 Properties: Liq.; warm fruity ethereal odor; m.w. 140.18; dens. 0.956; b.p. 81 C (15 mm); flash pt. 157 F; ref. index 1.502 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 8 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 5600 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Ethyl stearate CAS 111-61-5; 91031-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-887-4; 292-945-2 FEMA 3490 Synonyms: Ethyl octadecanoate; Ethyl noctadecanote; Octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester; Stearic acid, ethyl ester Definition: Ester of ethyl alcohol and stearic acid Empirical: C20H40O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOCH2CH3 Properties: Wh. cryst. solid, odorless; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 312.54; m.p. 33-35 C; b.p. 213-215 (15 mm); flash pt. 110 C Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, alcoholic beverages; dehydrating agent for grapes to produce raisins Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Ethyl succinate. See Diethyl succinate Ethyl tartrate. See Diethyl tartrate Ethyl tetradecanoate. See Ethyl myristate Ethyl tiglate CAS 5837-78-5; 55514-48-2; EINECS/ELINCS 227-425-6; 259-688-8 FEMA 2460 1240

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester, (E)-; Crotonic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester, (E)-; Ethyl trans-2,3-dimethyl acrylate; Ethyl 2-methyl-2-butenate; Ethyl (E)-2methyl-2-butenoate; Ethyl trans-2-methyl-2butenoate; Ethyl α-methylcrotonate; Ethyl (E)-2-methylcrotonate; (E)-2-Methyl-2butenoic acid ethyl ester; Tigic acid, ethyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Definition: Ester of tiglic acid and ethyl alcohol Empirical: C7H12O2 Formula: CH3CH=C(CH3)CO2C2H5 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity caramel odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 128.17; dens. 0.923; b.p. 154-156 C; flash pt. 112 F; ref. index 1.4347 (16.8 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; keep away from heat and open flame; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Raspberry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Ethyl-α-toluate. See Ethyl phenylacetate Ethyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate. See Ethyl gallate Ethyl trimethylacetate. See Ethyl pivalate 2-Ethyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-norbornanol. See 2Ethyl fenchol

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ethyl undecanoate CAS 627-90-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-018-5 FEMA 3492 Synonyms: Ethyl hendecanoate; Ethyl undecylatel; Undecanoic acid ethyl ester Empirical: C13H26O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)9CO2C2H5 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq., cognac coconut odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 214.35; dens. 0.859; b.p. 255 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.9325 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, alcoholic beverages, ice cream, confectionery Features: Coconut-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Ethyl undecenoate. See Ethyl 10-undecenoate Ethyl 10-undecenoate CAS 692-86-4; EINECS/ELINCS 211-734-8 FEMA 2461 Synonyms: Ethyl 10-hendecenoate; Ethyl undecenoate; Ethyl undecylenate; Ethyl undecylenoate; 10-Undecenoic acid, ethyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C13H24O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., wine-like odor; m.w. 212.34; dens. 0.879; b.p. 258-259 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4382 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; sl. toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 1241

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Ethyl undecylatel. See Ethyl undecanoate Ethyl undecylenate; Ethyl undecylenoate. See Ethyl 10-undecenoate Ethyl valerate CAS 539-82-2; EINECS/ELINCS 208-726-1 FEMA 2462 Synonyms: Ethyl n-valerate Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)3COOC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity odor; misc. with alcohol, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 130.19; dens. 0.877 (20/4 C); b.p. 142146 C; flash pt. 34 C; ref. index 1.372-1.400 (20 C) Toxicology: Irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Apple-like flavor Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Elan http://www.elanchemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Ethyl n-valerate. See Ethyl valerate Ethyl vanillin CAS 121-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-464-7 FEMA 2464 Synonyms: Benzaldehyde, 3-thoxy-4-hydroxy; Bourbonal; Ethavan; Ethovan; 3-Ethoxy-4Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

hydroxybenzaldehyde; Ethylprotal; 4Hydroxy-3-ethoxybenzaldehyde; Protocatechuic aldehyde ethyl ether; Vanillal Classification: Substituted phenolic; aromatic organic compd. Empirical: C9H10O3 Properties: Wh. fine cryst., vanilla odor; sol in alcohol, chloroform, propylene glycol, ether, most org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 166.19; m.p. 76.5 C; b.p. 285 C; flash pt. > 212 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1590 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 750 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., rat) 1800 mg/kg, (IV, dog) 760 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP, subcut., and IV routes; human skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, chocolate, imitation vanilla extract; to replace or fortify vanillin; migrating to foods from paper/paperboard Features: Sweet, vanilla-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §163.111, 163.112, 163.113, 163.114, 163.117, 163.123, 163.130, 163.135, 163.140, 163.145, 163.150, 163.153, 163.155, 182.60, 182.90, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan approved as flavoring; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Am. Fruit Processors http://www.americanfruit.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart 1242

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; FONA Int'l. http://www.fona.com/; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fallek Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Foote & Jenks http://www.footeandjenks.com/; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Ikeda http://www.ikedabussan.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kimpton Bros. Ltd http://www.kimpton.co.uk; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Quimdis R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Roche Diagnostics GmbH http://www.roche-appliedscience.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Soda Aromatic http://www.soda.co.jp; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names: Rhodiarome® Extra-Pure Ethyl vinyl carbinol. See 1-Penten-3-ol Ethyl vinyl ketone CAS 1629-58-9; EINECS/ELINCS 216-624-3 FEMA 3382 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: EVK; Ketone, ethyl vinyl; 1Penten-3-one; Propinylethylene; Vinyl ethyl ketone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C5H8O Formula: C2H5COCH=CH2 Properties: Liq.; pungent mustard aroma; sol. in alcohol, ether, benzene, acetone; m.w. 84.13; dens. 0.8468 g/ml (20/4 C); m.p. 102 C (740 mm); ref. index 1.4200; flash pt. -6 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 56 mg/kg; poison by IV route; extremely strong irritant to eyes and mucous membranes, esp. the respiratory tract; skin irritant; harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; lachrymator; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting; possible carcinogen; target organ: lungs; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. volatile liq.; may polymerize on exposure to heat or light; incompat. with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, strong acids, strong bases; vapor may flash back; container explosion may occur in fire; forms explosive mixts. in air Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Light-sensitive; refrigerate; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, beverages, orange juice prods., ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, dairy prods., condiments, preserves Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Etidronic acid CAS 2809-21-4; EINECS/ELINCS 220-552-8 UN 1760 Synonyms: Acetodiphosphonic acid; ADPA; Ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate; 1,1,1Ethanetriol diphosphonate; HEDP; HEDPA; 1-Hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonoethane; Hydroxyethanediphosphonic acid; (1Hydroxyethylidene) bisphosphonic acid; (11243

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hydroxyethylidene) diphosphonic acid; 1Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid; Oxyethylidenediphosphonic acid Classification: Organic diphosphonic acid Empirical: C2H8O7P2 Formula: CH3C(OH)(PO3H2)2 Properties: M.w. 206.03; heated above 200 C, dec. violently emitting toxic fumes Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 1800 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive; strong acid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated above 200 C, dec. violently to produce toxic fumes of phosphine, phosphoric acid, and POx Uses: Washing/lye peeling of fruits/vegetables; boiler water additives (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 173.315, 178.1010; SARA immediate health hazard; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Excel Ind. http://www.excelind.co.in/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Rhodia UK; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Strem Chems. http://www.strem.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com ETMQ. See 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline ETO. See Ethylene oxide EtOH. See Alcohol Eucalyptol CAS 470-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 207-431-5 FEMA 2465 Synonyms: Cajeputol; Cineol; 1,8-Cineol; Cineole; 1,8-Cineole; 1,8-Epoxy-pmenthane; Eucalyptole; Limonene oxide; pMenthane, 1,8-epoxy; 2-Oxabicyclo (2.2.2) octane, 1,3,3-trimethyl-; 1,8-Oxido-pmenthane; 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane Definition: Constituent of oil of eucalyptus Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq., camphor-like odor, spicy cooling taste; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether, glac. acetic acid, fixed or volatile oils; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 154.25; dens. 0.924 (20/4 C); m.p. > 1.5 C; b.p. 175179 C; flash pt. 49 C; ref. index 1.4550-1.4600 (20 C); tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2480 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 1070 mg/kg; poison by subcut. and intramuscular routes; mod. toxic by ing.; experimental carcinogen, reproductive effects; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, confectionery Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Japan approved as flavoring (ENCS no. 5-684); FDA approved for dentals; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/ Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown Capital http://www.crown-capital.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Ruger 1244

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; U.S. Synthetics Ungerer http://www.ungererandcompany.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Trade Names Containing: Peppermint Oil 540 Eucalyptole. See Eucalyptol Eucalyptus globulus. See Eucalyptus globulus extract; Eucalyptus globulus oil Eucalyptus globulus extract CAS 84625-32-1; EINECS/ELINCS 283-406-2 Synonyms: Eucalyptus extract; Eucalyptus globulus Definition: Extract of fresh leaves of Eucalyptus globulus Properties: Tonic, astringent Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; antioxidant in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Eucalyptus globulus oil CAS 8000-48-4; 90028-48-1 FEMA 2466 Synonyms: Dinkum oil; Eucalyptus globulus; Eucalyptus oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained from leaves of Eucalyptus globulus, contg. eucalyptol (7080%), plus α-pinene, phellandrene, terpineol, citronellal, geranyl acetate, piperitone, etc. Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., char. camphoraceous odor, pungent spicy cooling taste; sol. in 5 vols 70% alcohol; misc. with abs. alcohol, oils, fats; pract. insol. in water; dens. 0.905-0.925; m.p. -15.4 C; ref. index Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1.458-1.470 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2480 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2480 mg/kg; human poison and human systemic effects by ing.; skin and eye irritant; can cause allergic reaction; ing. can cause eye spasms, nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, sweating; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed, no restrictions; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/ Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Integra http://www.integrachem.com 1245

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com U.S. Synthetics; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Eucalyptus oil. See Eucalyptus globulus oil Eugenia caryophyllata oleoresin. See Oleoresin clove bud Eugenia caryophyllus; Eugenia caryophyllus extract. See Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract Eugenia caryophyllus leaf oil. See Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil Eugenia caryophyllus oil. See Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil Eugenia oleoresin. See Oleoresin clove bud Eugenic acid. See Eugenol Eugenol CAS 97-53-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-589-1 FEMA 2467 Synonyms: Allylguaiacol; 4-Allylguaiacol; 4Allyl-1-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzene; 4-Allyl2-methoxyphenol; Caryophyllic acid; Eugenic acid; 1-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-4allylbenzene; 4-Hydroxy-3methoxyallylbenzene; 1-Hydroxy-2methoxy-4-prop-2-enylbenzene; 2-Methoxy4-allylphenol; 2-Methoxy-4-(2-propenyl) phenol; 2-Methoxy-4-prop-2-enylphenol; Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)Classification: Substituted phenol Empirical: C10H12O2 Properties: Colorless or ylsh. liq., pungent clove odor; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, volatile oils, most org. solvs.; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 164.22; dens. 1.064-1.070; m.p. 10.3 C; b.p. 253.5 C; flash pt. 219 F; ref. index 1.540 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1930 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 500 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., rat) 5000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP, and subcut. routes; human skin irritant; potential allergen; experimental carcinogen, tumorigen; human Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke, irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, condiments, meats; prod. of isoeugenol for mfg. of vanillin Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.2800, 184.1257, GRAS; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lucta SA http://www.lucta.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties 1246

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Ungerer http://www.ungererandcompany.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Trade Names Containing: Cinnamon Oil 950 Eugenol acetate; 1,3,4-Eugenol acetate. See Eugenyl acetate Eugenol benzoate. See Eugenyl benzoate Eugenol formate. See Eugenyl formate Eugenol methyl ether; 1,3,4-Eugenol methyl ether. See Methyl eugenol Eugenyl acetate CAS 93-28-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-235-6 FEMA 2469 Synonyms: Aceteugenol; 1-Acetoxy-2methoxy-4-allylbenzene; 3-(4-Acetoxy-3methoxyphenyl) propene; Acetyl eugenol; 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenyl acetate; Eugenol acetate; 1,3,4-Eugenol acetate; 4-(2Propenyl)-2-methoxyphenyl ethanoate Empirical: C12H14O3 Properties: Pale yel. liq. or semisolid mass, clove oil-like odor, burning aromatic flavor; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 206.24; dens. 1.08 kg/l; m.p. 29-30 C; b.p. 281-282 C (752 mm); flash pt. 151 F; ref. index 1.52069 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1670 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Anthea Aromatics http://www.antheaaromatics.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Berje Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.berjeinc.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Eugenyl benzoate CAS 531-26-0; EINECS/ELINCS 208-504-4 FEMA 2471 Synonyms: 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenyl benzoate; Benzoyl eugenol; Eugenol benzoate; 2Methoxy-4-(2-propenyl) phenyl benzoate Empirical: C17H16O3 Properties: Colorless cryst. solid, balsamic odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 268.32; m.p. 69-70 C; b.p. 360 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Eugenyl formate CAS 10031-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 233-099-6 FEMA 2473 Synonyms: 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenyl formate; Eugenol formate; 4-(2-Propenyl)-2methoxyphenyl formate; 4-(2-Propenyl)-2methoxyphenyl methanoate Empirical: C11H12O3 Properties: Pale yel., cl. liq.; orris-like odor; m.w. 192.22; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 1.120; b.p. 270 C; flash pt. 102 C; ref. index 1.5240-1.5265 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Eugenyl methyl ether. See Methyl eugenol Euphorbia cerifera wax. See Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax European angelica extract. See Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract European dill seed oil. See Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil 1247

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference European pennyroyal extract. See Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) extract European pennyroyal oil. See Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) oil Everlasting extract. See Everlasting (Helichrysum italicum) extract Everlasting (Helichrysum italicum) extract CAS 90045-56-0; EINECS/ELINCS 289-918-2 Synonyms: Everlasting extract; Helichrysum italicum; Helichrysum italicum extract Definition: Extract derived from flowering plant Helichrysum italicum and other species Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Gallaher Group http://www.gallahergroup.com; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com Evernia prunastri; Evernia prunastri extract; Evernia prunastri lichen extract. See Oakmoss (Evernia prunastri) extract EVK. See Ethyl vinyl ketone Expanded perlite. See Perlite Exsiccated alum. See Potassium alum anhydrous Exsiccated ammonium alum. See Ammonium alum Exsiccated ferrous sulfate. See Ferrous sulfate monohydrate Exsiccated sodium phosphate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Exsiccated sodium sulfite. See Sodium sulfite Ext. D&C Red No. 11. See Acid red 1 Ext. D&C Red No. 15. See Ponceau 3R Ext. D&C Yellow No. 9. See 1-(Phenylazo)-2naphthylamine Extract of yeast. See Yeast extract Extro calcium pantothenate. See Calcium Dpantothenate F 12. See Dichlorodifluoromethane F 115. See Chloropentafluoroethane FAC. See Iron ammonium citrate Factitious air. See Nitrous oxide Faex. See Yeast; Yeast extract Farnesal CAS 19317-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 242-957-9 FEMA 4019 Synonyms: 3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dodecatrienal; 3,7,11-Trimethyldodeca2,6,10-trienone Empirical: C15H24O Properties: Pale yel. to yel. cl. liq.; m.w. 220.4; sp.gr. 0.909; b.p. 126-129 C (3.5 torr); flash pt. 112.77 C; ref. index 1.497 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp. Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Frinton Labs http://www.frinton.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Farnesol CAS 4602-84-0; EINECS/ELINCS 225-004-1 FEMA 2478 Synonyms: 2,6,10-Dodecatrienol, 3,7,11trimethyl-; Farnesyl alcohol; Trimethyl dodecatrienol; 3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10dodecatrien-1-ol Classification: Organic compd.; unsat. alcohol; acrylic terpene Empirical: C15H26O Formula: (CH3)2CCHCH2CH2CCH3CHCH2CH2CCH3CHC H2OH Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; floral odor; insol. in water; dens. 0.8871 (20/4 C); b.p. 111 C; ref. index 1.487-1.492 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6000 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 4443 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; 1248

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Farnesyl alcohol. See Farnesol Fast green FCF CAS 2353-45-9; EINECS/ELINCS 219-091-5 INS143 Synonyms: CI 42053; Dihydrogen (ethyl) [4-[4[ethyl (3-sulfonatobenzyl) amino] (4hydroxy-2-sulfonatobenzhydrylidene] cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene] (3sulfonatobenzyl) ammonium, disodium salt; FD&C Green No. 3; Food green 3 Classification: Triphenylmethane color Empirical: C37H36N2O10S3 • 2Na Properties: Red to brn.-violet powd. or dk. grn. cryst.; sol. in water, conc. sulfuric acid, ethanol; m.w. 810.91; m.p. 290 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen; may cause bladder tumors; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx and SOx Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: FD&C Green No. 3: FDA 21CFR §74.203, 74.1203, 74.2203, 82.203; FDA approved for orals, topicals; not permitted in food (EU) Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com See also FD&C Green No. 3 Fast red. See Amaranth Fat, lard. See Lard Fats and glyceridic oils, vegetable, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated vegetable oil Fats, nutmeg butter. See Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil Fatty acid, C14-18 and C16-18, unsaturated. See Tallow acid Fatty acid mono/diglycerides. See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Fatty acid mono- and diglycerides, citric acid esters. See Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Fatty acids, butter. See Butter acids Fatty acids, C6-12. See Caprylic/capric acid Fatty acids, C16-18 and C18 unsaturated. See Canola acid Fatty acids, coco. See Coconut acid Fatty acids, coco, methyl esters. See Methyl cocoate Fatty acids, C18-unsaturated, dimers, polymers with teta, reaction products with poly(bisphenol A diglycidyl ether). See Polyamide Fatty acids, montan-wax, mixed diesters with 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-butanediol. See Glycol/butylene glycol montanate Fatty acids, soya. See Soy acid Fatty acids, tallow. See Tallow acid Fatty acids, tallow, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated tallow acid FC 12. See Dichlorodifluoromethane FC 113. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane FD&C Blue No. 1 CAS 3844-45-9; EINECS/ELINCS 223-339-8 INS133 Synonyms: Acid blue 9; Acid blue 9 disodium salt; Brilliant blue FCF; CI 42090; D&C Blue No. 4; N-Ethyl-N-[4-[[4-[ethyl[(3-sulfophenyl) methyl] amino] phenyl] (2-sulfophenyl) methylene]-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene]-3sulfobenzenemethanaminium hydroxide inner salt, disodium salt; Food blue 2; Patent blue AC Classification: Triphenylmethane color Empirical: C37H34N2O9S3 • 2Na Properties: Greenish-blue powd., gran.; sol. (oz/gal): 52 oz propylene glycol, 36 oz glycerin, 25 oz dist. water, 2 oz 95% ethanol; sol. in ether, conc. sulfuric acid; pract. insol. in veg. oils; m.w. 792.86; m.p. 283 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (subcut., mouse) 4600 mg/kg; may cause allergic reactions; possible carcinogen; produces malignant 1249

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference tumors at site of injection and by ing. in rats; experimental neoplastigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, Na2O, and SOx Uses: Colorant in foods, beverages, candy, confections, baked goods, ice cream, dessert powds. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.101, 74.1101, 74.2101, 82.101; FDA approved for buccals, orals, topicals; subject to certification, permanently listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Emerald Hilton Davis; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com See also Acid blue 9 FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake CAS 15792-67-3; 53026-57-6; 68921-42-6; EINECS/ELINCS 272-939-6 Synonyms: Acid blue 9 aluminum lake; Benzenemethanaminium, N-ethyl-N-[4-[[4[ethyl [(3-sulfophenyl) methyl] amino] phenyl] (2-sulfophenyl) methylene]-2,5cyclohexadien-1-ylidene]-3-sulfo-, hydroxide, inner salt, aluminum salt; Blue no. 1; Blue no. 3; CI 42090:2; N-Ethyl-N-[4[[4-[ethyl [(3-sulfophenyl) methyl] amino] phenyl] (2-sulfophenyl) methylene]-2,5cyclohexadien-1-ylidene]-3sulfobenzenemethanaminium, hydroxide, inner salt, aluminum salt Definition: Insoluble pigment composed of the aluminum salt of FD&C Blue No. 1 extended on an alumina substrate; noncertified batch known as Acid blue 9 aluminum lake Empirical: C37H36N2O9S3 • xAl Properties: Water-insol. Uses: Colorant in foods Features: Exhibits bright blue hue in dispersion Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.1101, 74.2101, 81.1, 82.50, 82.51, 82.101, 176.180; subject to certification, permanently listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: HallStar Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com FD&C Blue No. 2 CAS 860-22-0; EINECS/ELINCS 212-728-8 E132 Synonyms: Acid blue 74; Blue X; Ceruleinum; CI 73015; 2-(1,3-Dihydro-3-oxo-5-sulfo-2Hindol-2-ylidene)-2,3-dihydro-3-oxo-1Hindole-5-sulfonic acid disodium salt; Disodium indigo-5,5-disulfonate; Food blue 1; Indigo carmine; Indigo carmine disodium salt; 5,5´-Indigotin disulfonic acid; Indigotine; Indigotine disodium salt; Sodium 5,5´-indigotidisulfonate; Soluble indigo Classification: Indigoid color Definition: Disodium salt of 5,5´-indigotin disulfonic acid Empirical: C16H8N2O8S2 • 2Na Properties: Blue-brn. to red-brn. powd.; sol. in water, conc. sulfuric acid; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 466.36 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2 g/kg, (IV, rat) 93 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing., subcut. routes; may cause brain tumors, asthma, rashes, hyperactivity; IV use may produce severe headache, acute pulmonary edema with cardiac arrest, hypertension; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Sensitive to oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of SOx, NOx, Na2O Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Colorant in foods, candy, confections, beverages, dessert powds., pet foods; reagent for testing milk Use Level: 1% max. (sutures) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.102, 74.1102, 81.1, 82.102; FDA approved for orals, buccals, subject to certification, permanently listed Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Emerald Hilton Davis; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Monarch Food Colors http://www.monarchfoodcolors.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sensient 1250

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com See also Acid blue 74 FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake CAS 16521-38-3 E132 Synonyms: CI 73015 Definition: Insoluble pigment made by absorbing FD&C Blue No. 2 on an alumina substrate Properties: Blue; water-insol. Storage: Store in closed container @ ambient temps.; avoid high humidity Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.1102, 74.3102, 81.1, 82.51, 82.102, 176.180; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com FD&C Green No. 3 CAS 2353-45-9; EINECS/ELINCS 219-091-5 Synonyms: CI 42053; Fast green FCF; Food green 3 Classification: Triphenylmethane color Empirical: C37H36N2O10S3 • 2Na Properties: Red to brn.-violet powd. or dk. grn. cryst.; sol. in water, conc. sulfuric acid, ethanol; m.w. 810.91; m.p. 290 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen; may cause bladder tumors; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx and SOx Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Colorant in foods, beverages, candy, confections, maraschino cherries Features: Exhibits bluish-grn. hue in sol'n. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.203, 74.1203, 74.2203, 82.203; FDA approved for orals, topicals, subject to certification, permanently listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com See also Fast green FCF FD&C Red No. 1. See Ponceau 3R FD&C Red No. 2. See Amaranth FD&C Red No. 3 CAS 16423-68-0; EINECS/ELINCS 240-474-8 INS127; E127 Synonyms: Acid red 51; 9-(o-Carboxyphenyl)6-hydroxy-2,4,5,7-tetraiodo-3-isoxanthone; CI 45430; D&C Red No. 3; 3´,6´-Dihydroxy2´,4´,5´,7´-tetraiodospiro [isobenzofuran1(3H),9´-(9H) xanthen]-3-one disodium salt; Erythrosine; Erythrosine bluish; Food red 14; 2´,4´,5´,7´-Tetraiodofluorescein disodium salt; Tetraiodofluorescein sodium salt Classification: Xanthene color Definition: Disodium salt of 2´,4´,5´,7´tetraiodofluorescein Empirical: C20H6I4O5 • 2Na Properties: Bluish pink to brn. powd., gran.; sol. (oz/gal): 30 oz glycerin, 28 oz propylene glycol, 12 oz dist. water, 2 oz 95% ethanol; m.w. 879.84 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1840 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 200 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; questionable carcinogen, tumorigen; human mutagenic data; may cause thyroid tumors, chromosomal damage, asthma, rashes, hyperactivity; TSCA listed Precaution: Suspected phototoxicity Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of Na2O and I– Uses: Colorant in foods, candy, confections, dessert powds., maraschino cherries, baked goods, sausage, cereals, beverages, etc.; colorant for cocktail cherries, candied cherries (EC) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.303, 74.1303, 81.1; FDA approved for foods, orals; cosmetic and external drug uses terminated; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Emerald Hilton Davis 1251

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com FD&C Red No. 4 CAS 4548-53-2; EINECS/ELINCS 224-909-9 Synonyms: CI 14700; 3-[(2,4-Dimethyl-5sulfophenyl) azo]-4-hydroxy-1naphthalenesulfonic acid disodium salt; 4Hydroxy-3-((5-sulfo-2,4-xylyl) azo)-1naphthalenesulfonic acid, disodium salt; Ponceau SX; 2-(6-Sulfo-2,4-xylylazo)-1naphthol-4-sulfonic acid, disodium salt Classification: Monoazo color and coal tar dye Empirical: C18H14N2O7S2 • 2Na Properties: M.w. 480.42 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2 g/kg; low toxicity by ing.; questionable carcinogen; shown to cause urinary bladder polyps and atrophy of adrenal gland in animals; tumorigen; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and SOx Uses: Colorant in foods (prohibited) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.1304, 74.2304, 81.10, 81.30, 82.304; subject to certification, permanently listed; food and ingested drug use terminated Manuf./Distrib.: HallStar http://www.hallstar.com FD&C Red No. 40 CAS 25956-17-6 INS129; E129 Synonyms: Allura red; Allura red AC; CI 16035; Curry red; Food red 17; 6-Hydroxy-5[(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfophenyl) azo]-2naphthalenesulfonic acid disodium salt; 2Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-hydroxy-5-((6methoxy-4-sulfo-m-tolyl) azo)-, disodium salt; NT red; Red no. 40 Classification: Monoazo color Empirical: C18H16N2Na2O8S2 Properties: Ylsh.-red powd., gran.; sol. (oz/gal): 26 oz dist. water, 4 oz glycerin, 2 oz propylene glycol; m.w. 498.46 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; experimental reproductive effects; mutagen; may cause lymph tumors; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

SOx Uses: Colorant in foods, beverages, pet foods, dessert powds., candy, confections, and cereals Features: Exhibits orange-red hue in sol'n. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.340, 74.1340, 74.2340, subject to certification, permanently listed Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Emerald Hilton Davis; Monarch Food Colors http://www.monarchfoodcolors.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names Containing: Goldex® II FD&C Red No. 40 aluminum Lake CAS 977154-53-2 Definition: Insoluble pigment made by absorbing FD&C Red No. 40 on an alumina substrate Properties: Red; water-insol. Storage: Store in closed container @ ambient temps.; avoid high humidity Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.340, 74.2340, 176.180 Manuf./Distrib.: Monarch Food Colors http://www.monarchfoodcolors.com FD&C Yellow No. 3. See 1-(Phenylazo)-2naphthylamine FD&C Yellow No. 5 CAS 1934-21-0; EINECS/ELINCS 217-699-5 INS102 Synonyms: Acid yellow 23 (INCI); Acid yellow 23 trisodium salt; 3-Carboxy-5-hydroxy-1-psulfophenyl-4-p-sulfophenylazopyrazole trisodium salt; CI 19140; D&C Yellow No. 5; 4,5-Dihydro-5-oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-4-[(4sulfophenyl) azo]-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid trisodium salt; Food yellow 4; 1HPyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, 4,5-dihydro-5oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfophenyl) azo]-, trisodium salt; Tartrazine; Tartrazine yellow; Trisodium-3-carboxy-5-hydroxy-1-psulfophenyl-4-p-sulfophenylazopyrazole Classification: Pyrazole color Empirical: C16H9N4Na3O9S2 Formula: C16H9N4O9S2 • 3Na 1252

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Bright orange-yel. powd., gran.; greenish-yel. in sol'n.; sol. in water, conc. sulfuric acid; sol. (oz/gal): 28 oz glycerin, 12 oz propylene glycol; m.w. 534.37 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 12,750 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 3800 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; allergen; those allergic to aspirin are often allergic to tartrazine; may cause urticaria, anaphylactoid reactions, angioedema, rhinitis, bronchial asthma, contact dermatitis, hyperactivity, thyroid tumors; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, SOx, and Na2O Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Colorant in foods, beverages, baked goods, butter, cheese, candy, confections, dessert powds., cereals, ice cream, pet foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.705, 74.1705, 74.2705, 82.705, 176.170, 178.1010, 178.3297; FDA approved for buccals, orals, topicals, vaginals, subject to certification, permanently listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Emerald Hilton Davis; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Monarch Food Colors http://www.monarchfoodcolors.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com Trade Names Containing: Goldex® II See also Tartrazine FD&C Yellow No. 5 aluminum lake CAS 12225-21-7; 12227-69-9; 53026-63-4; EINECS/ELINCS 235-428-9 Synonyms: Acid yellow 23 aluminum lake (INCI); CI 19140:1 Definition: Insoluble pigment composed of the aluminum salt of FD&C Yellow No. 5 extended on an alumina substrate; noncertified batch known as Acid yellow 23 aluminum lake (INCI) Properties: Yel.; water-insol. Storage: Store in closed container @ ambient temps.; avoid high humidity Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.1705, 81.1, 82.51, 82.705, 175.300, 176.180, 177.1460; subject to certification, permanently listed Manuf./Distrib.: Monarch Food Colors http://www.monarchfoodcolors.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com FD&C Yellow No. 6 CAS 2783-94-0; EINECS/ELINCS 220-491-7 INS110; E110 Synonyms: CI 15985; Food yellow 3; Food yellow 3 disodium salt; 6-Hydroxy-5-[(4sulfophenyl) azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, disodium salt; 6-Hydroxy-5-((psulfophenyl) azo)-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, disodium salt; Orange yellow S; 1-pSulfophenylazo-2-hydroxynaphthalene-6sulfonate, disodium salt; Sunset yellow; Sunset yellow FCF Classification: Coal tar monoazo color Definition: Disodium salt of 1-p-sulfophenylazo2-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid Empirical: C16H10N2Na2O7S2 Properties: Reddish-yel. powd., gran.; sol. (oz/gal): 23 oz dist. water, 14 oz glycerin, 2 oz propylene glycol; sol. in conc. sulfuric acid; sl. sol. in abs. alcohol; m.w. 452.36 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg, (IP, rat) 4600 mg/kg; low toxicity by ing. and IP route; may cause allergies, kidney tumors, chromosomal damage; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx and SOx Uses: Colorant in foods, beverages, sausages, candy, confections, dessert powds., cereals, baked goods, ice cream, pet foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.706, 74.1706, 74.2706, 81.1, 82.706, 201.20; FDA approved for inhalants, orals, topicals, subject to certification, permanently listed; not permitted for food (EU); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Emerald Hilton Davis; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Monarch Food Colors http://www.monarchfoodcolors.com; 1253

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com FD&C Yellow No. 6 aluminum lake CAS 12227-60-0; 15790-07-5; 53026-64-5 E110 Synonyms: CI 15985:1 Definition: Insoluble pigment composed of the aluminum salt of FD&C Yellow No. 6 extended on an alumina substrate; noncertified batch known as Acid yellow 104 aluminum lake (INCI) Properties: Yel.; water-insol. Storage: Store in closed container @ ambient temps.; avoid high humidity Uses: Colorant in foods, vitamins Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §81.1, 82.51, 82.706, 176.180 Manuf./Distrib.: Monarch Food Colors http://www.monarchfoodcolors.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com FD&C Yellow No. 10. See Acid yellow 3 α-Fellandrene. See α-Phellandrene 2-Fenchanol. See Fenchyl alcohol d-2-Fenchanone. See d-Fenchone α-Fenchene CAS 471-84-1; 2623-54-3 Synonyms: Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 7,7dimethyl-2-methylene-; 7,7-Dimethyl-2methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptane; (±)-7,7Dimethyl-2-methylene-norbor Empirical: C10H16 Properties: Fruity odor; m.w. 136.23 Uses: Flavoring agent in food Trade Names Containing: Camphene P&F, FCC Fenchol; (+)-Fenchol. See Fenchyl alcohol Fenchone. See d-Fenchone (-)-Fenchone. See l-Fenchone (+)-Fenchone. See d-Fenchone d-Fenchone CAS 1195-79-5; 4695-62-9; EINECS/ELINCS 214-804-6; 225-160-0 FEMA 2479 Synonyms: Bicyclo (2.2.1) heptan-2-one, 1,3,3trimethyl-; 3,3-Dimethyl-8,9-dinorbornan-2Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

one; d-2-Fenchanone; Fenchone; (+)Fenchone; 2-Norbornanone, 1,3,3-trimethyl; 1,3,3-Trimethylbicyclo [2,2,1] heptan-2one; (1S)-1,3,3-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-one; 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2norbornanone; d-1,3,3-Trimethyl-2norbornanone; 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2norcamphanone; d-1,3,3-Trimethyl-2norcamphanone Definition: Isolated from cedarleaf oil Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Colorless oily liq., camphor-like odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 152.23; dens. 0.9465 (19 C); b.p. 193 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6160 mg/kg; low toxicity by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Camphor Allied Prods. http://www.camphor-allied.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com l-Fenchone CAS 7787-20-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-107-5 Synonyms: Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-one, 1,3,3trimethyl-, (1R)-; (-)-Fenchone; L-(-)-1,3,3Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-one; 1,3,3Trimethylnorbornan-2-one; L-(-)-1,3,3Trimethyl-2-norbornanone Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Colorless liq.; camphoraceous odor; m.w. 152.24; dens. 0.948; m.p. 5-6 C; b.p. 192-194 C; flash pt. 52 C HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Citrus and 1254

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Fenchyl acetate CAS 13851-11-1; EINECS/ELINCS 237-588-5 UN 1993; FEMA 3390 Synonyms: Bicyclo (2.2.1) heptan-2-ol, 1,3,3trimethyl-, acetate; 3,3-Dimethyl-8,9dinorbornan-2-yl acetate; α-Fenchyl acetate; α,β-Fenchyl acetate; 2-Norbanol, 1,3,3-trimethyl-, acetate; 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2norbananyl acetate Empirical: C12H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; mild fresh sweet pine fir citrus odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 196.29; sp.gr. 0.965-0.978; dens. 8.0308.138 lb/gal; b.p. 220 C; flash pt. 75.55 C; ref. index 1.454-1.459 (20 C) Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; vapor/mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from heat, open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com α-Fenchyl acetate; α,β-Fenchyl acetate. See Fenchyl acetate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fenchyl alcohol CAS 1632-73-1; EINECS/ELINCS 216-639-5 FEMA 2480 Synonyms: 3,3-Dimethyl-8,9-dinorbornan-2-ol; 2-Fenchanol; Fenchol; (+)-Fenchol; αFenchyl alcohol; (1S)-1,3,3-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol; 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2norbornanol Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless oily liq. (d and l forms) or solid (dl form); camphor-like odor; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 154.25; m.p. 4043 C; b.p. 201-202 C; flash pt. 165 F; ref. index 1.473; tenacity 6 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: May irritate skin, eyes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant, flavor enhancer in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Lemon-like flavor Use Level: < 1% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com α-Fenchyl alcohol. See Fenchyl alcohol Fennel. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Fennel extract; Fennel extract, sweet. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) extract Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) CAS 977001-13-0 FEMA 2481, 2482 (sweet) Synonyms: Fennel; Fennel fruit; Fennel seed; Foeniculum; Foeniculum vulgare; Foeniculum vulgare fruit; Sweet fennel Definition: Dried ripe fruit of cultivated varieties 1255

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference of Foeniculum vulgare Storage: Protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; JP compliance; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Whole Herb http://www.wholeherbcompany.com/ Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) extract CAS 84625-39-8; 85085-33-2; EINECS/ELINCS 283-414-6 Synonyms: Fennel extract; Fennel extract, sweet; Fennel, sweet, extract; Foeniculum extract; Foeniculum vulgare; Foeniculum vulgare extract; Foeniculum vulgare fruit extract; Sweet fennel extract Definition: Extract of the fruit of Foeniculum vulgare Properties: Warm camphoraceous odor, bitter sl. burning flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil CAS 8006-84-6; EINECS/ELINCS 283-414-6 FEMA 2483 Synonyms: Bitter fennel oil; Fennel oil; Fennel oil, bitter; Fennel oil, sweet; Foeniculum vulgare; Foeniculum vulgare oil; Sweet fennel oil Definition: Volatile oil from steam distillation of seeds of fennel, Foeniculum vulgare, contg. 50-60% anethole, 20% fenchone, pinene, limonene, dipentene, phellandrene Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., fennel odor and taste; sol. in 1 vol 90% alcohol; very sol. in chloroform, ether; sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.9530.973 (25/25 C); flash pt. (CC) 57 C; ref. index 1.5280-1.5380 (20 C); tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3120 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light, heat Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; JP compliance; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; U.S. Synthetics; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Fennel fruit. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Fennel oil; Fennel oil, bitter; Fennel oil, sweet. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil Fennel seed. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Fennel, sweet, extract. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) extract Fenugreek. See Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum) Fenugreek absolute; Fenugreek extract. See Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract Fenugreek oleoresin. See Oleoresin fenugreek Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) CAS 977155-29-5 FEMA 2484 1256

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Fenugreek; Trigonella foenumgraecum Definition: From Trigonella foenum-graecum Properties: Intensely sweet spicy protein-like aroma Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats, syrups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Stryka Botanics http://www.stryka.com Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract CAS 68990-15-8; 84625-40-1; EINECS/ELINCS 283-415-1 FEMA 2485 Synonyms: Fenugreek absolute; Fenugreek extract; Trigonella foenum-graecum; Trigonella foenum-graecum extract Definition: Extract derived from Trigonella foenum-graecum Properties: Very dk. brn. liq.; sweet, spicy, burnt sugar odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water, propylene glycol, mineral oil; sp.gr. 1.00291.1530; flash pt. (CC) 62 C; ref. index 1.4621.472 Toxicology: Primary irritant; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, pickles, condiments, syrups, icings, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ NetQem http://www.netqem.us Ferisan. See Sodium ferric EDTA Fermented soy sauce. See Soy sauce Ferrate (4-), hexacyano-, tetrapotassium; Ferrate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(4-), hexakis (cyano-C)-, tetrapotassium. See Potassium ferrocyanide Ferric ammonium citrate; Ferric ammonium citrate, green. See Iron ammonium citrate Ferric chloride CAS 7705-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-729-4 UN 1773 (DOT); UN 2582 (DOT) Synonyms: Ferric trichloride; Iron chloride; Iron (III) chloride; Iron chlorides; Iron trichloride Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: Cl3Fe Formula: FeCl3 Properties: Dk. grn. to black-brown cryst. powd.; sol. in water, alcohol, glycerol, methanol, ether, acetone; sl. sol. in CS2; readily absorbs water in air to form hexahydrate; m.w. 162.21; dens. 2.898; vapor pressure 1 mm (194 C); m.p. 292 C; b.p. 319 C; pH 1 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 mg (Fe)/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 450 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 58 mg/kg; poison by ing., IV routes; corrosive to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; reproductive effector; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive; catalyzes potentially explosive polymerization of ethylene oxide, chlorine + monomers; violent reaction with allyl chloride; reacts violently with water to form toxic and corrosive fumes; reacts with moisture in air to form pungent hydrogen chloride Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of HCl Storage: Deliq.; very hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; keep well closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods; dietary supplement (Japan); feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.170, 184.1297, GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adeka Fine Chem. http://www.adk.co.jp; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Biorganics; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com BASF http://www.basf.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com 1257

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Eaglebrook http://www.eaglebrook.com; Eka Chems. AB; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Gulbrandsen Mfg. Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; PVS http://www.pvschemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Rasa Ind. http://www.rasa.co.jp; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com U.S. Petrochem. Ind. http://www.uspetrochemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Ferric chloride hexahydrate CAS 10025-77-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-729-4 UN 1773 (DOT) Synonyms: Ferric trichloride hexahydrate; Iron chloride hexahydrate; Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate; Iron (3+) chloride, hexahydrate; Iron trichloride hexahydrate Classification: Inorganic salt; halide Empirical: Cl3Fe • 6H2O Properties: Brownish-yel. or orange monoclinic cryst.; sl. odor of HCl; readily sol. in water, alcohol, acetone, ether; m.w. 270.32; dens. 1.820; m.p. 37 C; b.p. 280-285 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 mg (Fe)/m3; LD50 (IP, mouse) 260 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, rat) 900 mg/kg, (IV, rabbit) 7200 µg/kg; corrosive; harmful solid; poison by IP and IV routes; mod. toxic by ing.; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of Cl– HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Deliq.; very hygroscopic Uses: Flavoring agent in foods; dietary supplement (Japan); feed additive Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Camida USA http://www.camida.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Penta Mfg. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Ferric choline citrate CAS 1336-80-7 Synonyms: Ferrocholinate; Iron (III) choline citrate; Iron choline citrate complex Formula: C6H10FeO10 • C5H14NO Properties: Greenish-brn., reddish-brn. or brn. amorphous solid with glistening surface on fracture; sol. in water, acids, alkalis; m.w. 402.21 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 5500 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 151 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 210 mg/kg; poison by IV, IP routes; mildly toxic by ingestion Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, iron source in foods for special dietary use Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.370, 573.580 Manuf./Distrib.: Dr. Paul Lohmann http://www.lohmann4minerals.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Ferric citrate CAS 3522-50-7 (anhyd.); 2338-05-8 (monohydrate); 28633-45-6; EINECS/ELINCS 219-045-4 Synonyms: Iron citrate; Iron (III) citrate Empirical: C6H5FeO7 (anhyd.); C6H5FeO7 • H2O (monohydrate) Properties: Garnet-red transparent scales or pale brn. powd., odorless, sl. ferruginous taste; slowly but completely sol. in cold water, readily sol. in hot water; pract. insol. in alcohol; m.w. 244.95 (anhyd.), 262.97 (monohydrate) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1298, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Camida USA http://www.camida.com; Dr. Paul Lohmann http://www.lohmann4minerals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Ferric ferrous oxide. See Iron oxide black Ferric hydrate; Ferric hydroxide; Ferric hydroxide oxide. See Iron (III) oxide hydrated Ferric orthophosphate; Ferric (III) orthophosphate. See Ferric phosphate Ferric oxide CAS 1309-37-1 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 215168-2 Synonyms: Anhydrous iron oxide; CI 77491; Colloidal ferric oxide; Ferric oxide red; Ferrosoferric oxide; Iron (III) oxide; Iron oxide red; Iron sesquioxide; Natural iron oxides; Natural red oxide; Pigment brown 6; Pigment brown 7; Pigment red 101; Pigment red 102; Red iron oxide; Red iron trioxide; Yellow ferric oxide Classification: Inorganic color; syn. iron oxide Empirical: Fe2O3 Properties: Red-brn. to blk. cryst.; sol. in acids; insol. in water, alcohol, ether; m.w. 159.69; dens. 5.240; m.p. 1538 C (dec.) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg (Fe)/m3 (vapor, dust); LD50 (IP, rat) 5500 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., dog) 30 mg/kg; irritant; poison by subcut. route; avoid inhalation; suspected human carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Catalyzes the potentially explosive polymerization of ethylene oxide; explosive and violent reactions possible HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Preserve in well-closed containers Uses: Colorant in foods, feed, cat and dog food; constituent of paperboard for food pkg. Features: Strong anti-ozone chars. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.200 (limitation 0.25%), 176.170, 178.3297, 186.1300, 186.1374, 522.940, GRAS as indirect food additive; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advance Research Chems. http://www.fluoridearc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Bangs Labs Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.bangslabs.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lanxess http://www.lanxess.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sensient Pharm. Tech. http://www.sensienttech.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Ferric oxide hydrated. See Iron (III) oxide hydrated Ferric oxide red. See Ferric oxide Ferric phosphate CAS 10045-86-0 (anhyd.); 14940-41-1 (tetrahydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 233-149-7; 239-018-0 (tetrahydrate) Synonyms: Ferric orthophosphate; Ferric (III) orthophosphate; Ferric (III) phosphate; Ferriphosphate; Iron (III) orthophosphate; Iron phosphate Empirical: FeO4P • xH2O Formula: FePO4 • xH2O, x = 1-4 Properties: Ylsh.-wh. to buff-colored powd.; sol. in HCl; slowly sol. in HNO3; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 150.83; dens. 2.87 (dihydrate) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, bread enrichment, infant formulas; feed supplement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1301, 582.80, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Madison Ind. http://www.oldbridgechem.com/; Nichem 1259

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.nichemcorporation.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Ferric (III) phosphate. See Ferric phosphate Ferric pyrophosphate CAS 10058-44-3 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 233190-0 Synonyms: Iron (III) pyrophosphate Empirical: Fe4O21P6 Formula: Fe4(P2O7)3 • xH2O Properties: Tan or ylsh. wh. powd.; sol. in min. acids; pract. insol. in water, acetic acid; m.w. 745.25 (anhyd.) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, iron source in foods, infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1304, 582.80, GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Ferric sesquisulfate. See Ferric sulfate Ferric sodium edetate; Ferric sodium EDTA. See Sodium ferric EDTA Ferric sodium pyrophosphate CAS 10045-87-1; 35725-46-3 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 252-700-2 Synonyms: Iron (III) sodium pyrophosphate; Sodium ferric pyrophosphate; Sodium iron pyrophosphate Formula: Na8Fe4(P2O7)5 • xH2O Properties: Wh. to tan powd., odorless; sol. in HCl; insol. in water; m.w. 1277.02 (anhyd.) Toxicology: Nuisance dust Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Dr. Paul Lohmann Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.lohmann4minerals.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de Ferric sulfate CAS 10028-22-5; EINECS/ELINCS 233-072-9 Synonyms: Ferric sesquisulfate; Ferric trisulfate; Ferrisulfate; Iron persulfate; Iron sulfate; Iron sulfate (2:3); Iron (III) sulfate; Iron tersulfate; Sulfuric acid, iron (3–) salt (3:2) Empirical: Fe2O12S3 Formula: Fe2(SO4)3 (anhyd.) or Fe2(SO4)3 • xH2O (hydrate) Properties: Grayish-wh. to yel. powd. or cryst.; slowly sol. in water; sparingly sol. in alcohol; pract. insol. in acetone, ethyl acetate; m.w. 399.88; dens. 3.097 (18 C) Toxicology: TLV/TWA 1 mg/m3; STEL 2 mg/m3; LD50 (IP, mouse) 601 mg/kg; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and Fe– Storage: Light-sensitive, hygroscopic; keep well closed and protected from light Uses: Flavoring agent in foods; trace mineral in animal feed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1307, 582.80, GRAS; SARA reportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Holland http://www.hollandcompany.com Hydrite http://www.hydrite.com; Kemira Water Sol'ns. http://www.kemiron.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Ferric trichloride. See Ferric chloride Ferric trichloride hexahydrate. See Ferric chloride hexahydrate Ferric trisulfate. See Ferric sulfate Ferriphosphate. See Ferric phosphate Ferrisulfate. See Ferric sulfate Ferrite yellow. See Iron oxide yellow Ferrocholinate. See Ferric choline citrate Ferrosoferric oxide. See Iron oxide black; Ferric oxide 1260

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ferrosulfate. See Ferrous sulfate anhydrous Ferrous ascorbate CAS 14536-17-5; 24808-52-4 Synonyms: Iron (II) ascorbate Properties: Blue-violet solid Toxicology: Nuisance dust Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1307a, GRAS Ferrous bisglycinate. See Ferrous glycinate Ferrous carbonate CAS 563-71-3 INS505 Synonyms: Iron (II) carbonate Empirical: CFeO3 Formula: FeCO3 Properties: Wh. to gray solid; odorless; insol. in water; m.w. 115.86 Toxicology: Nuisance dust Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, infant formulas; pH control agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1307b, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Southeastern Mins. http://www.seminerals.com Ferrous citrate CAS 23383-11-1 (anhyd.); 22242-53-1; EINECS/ELINCS 245-625-1 Synonyms: Iron (II) citrate Empirical: C6H6FeO7 Properties: Sl. colored powd. or wh. cryst.; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 245.96 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1307c, GRAS; FDA approved for intravenous Manuf./Distrib.: Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Ferrous ferrite. See Iron oxide red Ferrous fumarate CAS 141-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 205-447-7 Synonyms: 2-Butenedioic acid ferrous salt; Iron (II) fumarate Definition: A salt of ferrous iron combined with fumaric acid, contg. 31.3% min. total iron, ≤ 2% ferric iron Empirical: C4H2O4 • Fe Formula: FeC4H2O4 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Reddish-orange to reddish-brn. gran. powd., odorless, almost tasteless; sol. 0.14 g/100 ml water, < 0.01 g/100 ml alcohol; m.w. 169.91; dens. 2.435 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 mg/(Fe)/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 3850 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 185 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 500 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing. and subcut. routes; human systemic effects by ing. (dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, somnolence); TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Dietary supplement, nutrient, iron source in foods, cereals, frozen waffle, infant formulas; animal feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.350, 184.1307d, GRAS; BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 1261

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names Containing: Export Mineral Blend with TCP Ferrous gluconate CAS 299-29-6; 6047-12-7; EINECS/ELINCS 206076-3 INS579; E579 Synonyms: Bis (D-gluconato-O1,O2)-iron; Iron gluconate; Iron (II) gluconate; Nionate Definition: Ferrous salt of gluconic acid Empirical: C12H22FeO14 Formula: Fe(C6H11O7)2 Properties: Ylsh.-gray or pale greenish-yel. fine powd. or gran.; sl. odor of burnt sugar; sol. in water, glycerol; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 446.19 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 mg(Fe)/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 2237 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 160 mg/kg; poison by IP and IV routes; mod. toxic by ing.; human systemic effects by ing.; carcinogen; experimental tumorigen and teratogen; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, mineral source, colorant, color retention agent, flavoring agent in foods, infant formulas, animal feed; color enhancer, color stabilizer for black olives Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.160, 184.1308, 582.80, GRAS; Japan approved (0.15 g/kg max. as iron); BP, EP compliance; not permitted in food (EU); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; ACTA Pharmacal; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Accurate Chem. & Scientific http://www.accuratechemical.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Glucona Am.; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml Shan Par Ind. http://www.shanpar.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Gluconal® FE Food; Gluconal® FE Pharma Ferrous gluconate dihydrate CAS 22830-45-1; EINECS/ELINCS 206-076-3 Synonyms: Bis (D-gluconato-O1,O2)-iron dihydrate; Gluconic acid, iron (II) salt, hydrate (2:1:2); Iron gluconate dihydrate; Iron (II) gluconate dihydrate Classification: Nonaromatic acid salt Definition: Ferrous salt of gluconic acid Empirical: C12H22FeO14 • 2H2O Formula: Fe(C6H11O7)2 • 2H2O Properties: Ylsh.-gray or pale grnsh.-yel. powd.; sl. caramel odor; sol. in water; insol. in ethanol; m.w. 482.18; m.p. 188 C (dec.) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 mg(Fe)/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 4500 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 98 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, mineral source, colorant, flavoring agent in foods, infant formulas, animal feed; color enhancer, color stabilizer for black olives Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com 1262

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ferrous glycinate CAS 20150-34-9 Synonyms: Ferrous bisglycinate Formula: Fe(COOCH2NH2)2 Properties: Grey-grn. fine free-flowing powd.; sol. in water; pract. insol. in acetone and ethanol; m.w. 203.96 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers Uses: Nutrient in foods and beverages Ferrous hexacyanomanganate INS537 Uses: Anticaking agent in foods Ferrous lactate CAS 5905-52-2; 85993-25-5; EINECS/ELINCS 227-608-0 INS585; E585 Synonyms: Iron (II) lactate; Iron (2+) lactate; Lactic acid iron (2+) salt (2:1) Definition: Iron (II) salt of natural L(+)-lactic acid Empirical: C6H10O6 • Fe (anhyd.); C6H10FeO6 • 3H2O (trihydrate) Formula: Fe(CH3CHOHCOO)2 • xH2O Properties: Anhyd.: m.w. 233.99; Trihydrate: Greenish-wh. powd., sl. char. odor, mild sweet ferruginous taste; deliq.; sol. in water, alkali citrates; almost insol. in alcohol; m.w. 287.97 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 mg(Fe)/m3; LD50 (oral, mouse) 147 mg/kg, (IV, rabbit) 287 mg/kg; poison by ing.; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Deliq.; keep well closed and protected from light Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, mineral source in foods, infant formulas; color retention agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.165, 184.1311, GRAS; not permitted in food (EU); Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Lohmann http://www.lohmannHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

chemikalien.de; PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Puramex® FE Ferrous sulfate. See Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate Ferrous sulfate anhydrous CAS 7720-78-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-753-5 UN 9125 Synonyms: Copperas; Ferrosulfate; Green vitriol; Iron monosulfate; Iron protosulfate; Iron sulfate; Iron (II) sulfate (1:1); Iron sulfate (ous); Iron vitriol; Sal chalybis; Sulfuric acid, iron (2+) salt (1:1) Classification: Iron salt Empirical: FeO4S Formula: FeSO4 Properties: Grayish wh. to buff powd., odorless; efflorescent in dry air; slowly sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 151.91; dens. 1.89; m.p. 64 C; pH 3.7 (10%) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 mg(Fe)/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 319 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 155 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 289 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 112 mg/kg; poison by ing., IP, IV, and subcut. routes; human poison by ing.; human systemic effects; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: May ignite on contact with arsenic trioxide + sodium nitrate; potentially explosive reaction with methyl isocyanoacetate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, flour enrichment; processing aid, stabilizer, thickener in foods; feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1315, GRAS; SARA reportable; Japan approved; BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland 1263

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eaglebrook http://www.eaglebrook.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Melchemie bv http://www.melchemie.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SK Fortified; Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Domestic CM Enrichment with Folic Acid; Enrichment Tablet with Folic Acid; Macaroni Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid Pro-Fam® 976; Rich-Pak® Ferrous sulfate, dried. See Ferrous sulfate monohydrate Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate CAS 7782-63-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-753-5 Synonyms: Copperas; Ferrous sulfate; Ferrous sulfate-7-hydrate; Green vitriol; Ironate; Iron protosulfate; Iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate; Iron (II) sulfate (1:1), Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

heptahydrate; Iron vitriol Empirical: O4S • Fe • 7H2O Formula: FeSO4 • 7H2O Properties: Pale bluish-grn. cryst. or gran., odorless; salty taste; efflorescent in dry air; oxidizes in moist air; sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol; m.w. 278.05; dens. 2.99-3.08; m.p. 64 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 mg(Fe)/m3; LD50 (oral, mouse) 1.52 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 245 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 65 mg/kg; poison by IV, IP, subcut. routes; mod. toxic by ing. and rectal routes; human GI disturbances; mutagenic data Precaution: Incompat. with alkalis, sol. carbonates, Au and Ag salts, lead acetate, lime water, K and Na tartrate, tannin, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store @ R.T. Uses: Clarifier, nutrient, dietary supplement, processing aid, stabilizer in foods, baking mixes, cereals, pasta prods., wine, infant formulas; animal feed supplement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1315, GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; SARA reportable Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Ferrous sulfate-7-hydrate. See Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate Ferrous sulfate monohydrate CAS 13463-43-9 Synonyms: Dried ferrous sulfate; Exsiccated ferrous sulfate; Ferrous sulfate, dried Empirical: FeO4S • H2O 1264

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Formula: FeSO4 • H2O Properties: Grayish-wh. to wh. cryst. powd.; slowly sol. in water; m.w. 169.96; bulk dens. 30 lb/ft3 (loose); m.p. loses water @ 300 C, dec. @ 671 C; pH 2.8-5 (10%) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1480 mg/kg; corrosive to eyes, by ing.; irritating to skin, mucous membranes; poisoning may affect liver, kidneys, circulatory, cardiovascular, and central nervous systems Precaution: Incompat. with alkalis; arsenic trioxide and sodium nitrate (spontaneously combustible mixt.); methyl isocyanoacetate (may dec. violently at 25 C) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may produce toxic sulfur oxides Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, mineral supplement in foods, enriched flour, cookies, noodles, etc., animal feed Manuf./Distrib.: Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Ferula. See Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum Ferula asafoetida; Ferula asafoetida extract. See Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract Ferula asafoetida gum. See Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum Ferula asafoetida gum extract. See Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract Ferula asafoetida gum oil; Ferula asafoetida oil. See Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) oil Ferula foetida; Ferula foetida extract. See Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract Ferula galbaniflua. See Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua) Ferulic acid CAS 1135-24-6; EINECS/ELINCS 214-490-0 Synonyms: Cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxy-3methoxy-; Coniferic acid; trans-Ferulic acid; 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid; 3-(4Hydroxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid; 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxy-transcinnamate; 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid; 2-Propenoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3methoxyphenyl)Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C10H10O4 Properties: Lt. brn. powd.; sol. in hot water; mod. sol. in ether; sparingly sol. in petrol. ether, benzene; m.w. 194.19; m.p. 168-171 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 857 mg/kg; LD (IP, mouse) > 350 mg/kg; may cause ataxia, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

rigidity, catalepsy, change in motor activity; avoid contact with skin, eyes; TSCA listed Storage: Store in tightly closed container in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompat. substances Uses: Preservative in foods Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Biosynth AG http://www.biosynth.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium trans-Ferulic acid. See Ferulic acid Ficin CAS 9001-33-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-599-1 INS1101(iv) Synonyms: Debricin; Ficus protease; Ficus proteinase Definition: Proteolytic enzyme in the crude latex of the fig tree Ficus Properties: Wh. to cream-colored powd.; acrid odor; partly sol. in water; insol. in org. solvs. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10 g/kg; LCLo (inh., mouse, 10 min) 290 mg/m3; LDLo (IV, mammal) 50 mg/kg; poison by inh. and IV routes; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes Storage: Very hygroscopic Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of casein, collagen, edestin, fibrin, liver, and other proteinaceous materials, for chillproofing of beer, meat tenderizing, prep. of precooked cereals; flour treatment agent, stabilizer, flavor enhancer, processing aid in foods; coagulation of milk; tenderizing agent; tissue softening agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1316, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; BATF 27CFR §240.1051, GRAS; Canada approved Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Ficus protease; Ficus proteinase. See Ficin Filipendula ulmaria extract. See Meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria) extract Fir (Abies alba) needle oil CAS 8021-28-1 Synonyms: Canadian fir needle oil; Fir needle oil; Fir needle oil, Canadian; Fir needles and twigs oil; Silver fir oil; Silver pine oil 1265

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Volatile oil from needles and young twigs of Abies alba, contg. l-pinene, llimonene, l-bornyl acetate Properties: Colorless clear liq., balsamic odor, terebinthinate taste; sol. in 5 vols 90% alcohol, in ether; insol. in water; dens. 0.869-0.875 (15/15 C); flash pt. 110 F; ref. index 1.4750 Toxicology: TSCA listed Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Fir (Abies sibirica) needle oil CAS 8021-29-2; EINECS/ELINCS 294-351-9 FEMA 2905 Synonyms: Abies sibirica; Abies sibirica needle oil; Abies sibirica oil; Fir needle oil, Siberian; Fir Siberian oil; Pine needle oil; Pine needle oil, Siberian; Siberian fir needle oil Definition: Oil derived from needles and twigs of Abies sibirica Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; aromatic fresh dry pine forest earthy woody odor; pungent taste; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, paraffin oil; sol. in equal vol. 90% alcohol; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, water; dens. 0.905-0.925 (15/15 C); b.p. 132 C; flash pt. 105 F; ref. index 1.4660-1.476 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10,200 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; irritating to eyes, skin; human skin irritant; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep well closed; keep away from heat and open flame; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Fir (Abies sibirica) needles and twigs Synonyms: Abies sibirica; Abies sibirica needles and twigs; Fir needles and twigs; Fir (pine) needles and twigs Definition: Abies sibirica Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510 Fir balsam absolute. See Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea) Fir needle oil; Fir needle oil, Canadian. See Fir (Abies alba) needle oil Fir needle oil, Siberian. See Fir (Abies sibirica) needle oil Fir needles and twigs. See Fir (Abies sibirica) needles and twigs Fir needles and twigs oil. See Fir (Abies alba) needle oil Fir (pine) needles and twigs. See Fir (Abies sibirica) needles and twigs Fir Siberian oil. See Fir (Abies sibirica) needle oil First aid plant. See Aloe barbadensis gel Fir-wood oil. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle oil Fischer-Tropsch wax; Fischer-Tropsch wax, oxidized. See Synthetic wax Fish glycerides CAS 100085-40-3; EINECS/ELINCS 309-181-3 Synonyms: Fish oil glycerides; Glycerides Definition: Mixture of mono, di and triglycerides expressed or extracted from menhaden, hake or similar oil-bearing fish Uses: Ingred. in food Trade Names Containing: Epax 1050 TG; Epax 4510 TG; Epax 6000 TG Fish oil glycerides. See Fish glycerides Flavaxin. See Riboflavin Flavoxanthin CAS 512-29-8 INS161a Definition: Carotenoid pigment 1266

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C40H56 Properties: Golden-yel. prisms; freely sol. in chloroform, benzene, acetone; less sol. in methanol, ethanol; almost insol. in petrol. ether; m.w. 584.85; m.p. 184 C Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: Not permitted in food (EU); UK approved Flaxseed oil. See Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil Flint. See Quartz Flour, corn. See Corn (Zea mays) flour Flour, oats. See Oat (Avena sativa) flour Flour, soy. See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Flour, wheat. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Flowers of zinc. See Zinc oxide Floxin isovalerate. See α-Amylcinnamyl isovalerate Fluophosgene. See Carbonyl fluoride Fluorocarbon 12. See Dichlorodifluoromethane Fluorocarbon 113. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane Fluorocarbon 115. See Chloropentafluoroethane Fluoroformyl fluoride; Fluorophosgene. See Carbonyl fluoride Fluxing lime. See Calcium oxide Foeniculum. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Foeniculum vulgare. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) extract; Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil Foeniculum vulgare extract. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) extract Foeniculum vulgare fruit. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Foeniculum vulgare fruit extract. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) extract Foeniculum vulgare oil. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil Folacin; Folate. See Folic acid 5-Fold orange oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil Folic acid CAS 59-30-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-419-0 Synonyms: N-[4-[[(2-Amino-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo6-pteridinyl) methyl] amino] benzoyl]-Lglutamic acid; 1-N-(p-(((2-Amino-4-hydroxy6-pteridinyl) methyl) amino) benzoyl) glutamic acid; Folacin; Folate; L-Glutamic acid, N-[4-(2-amino-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6pteridinyl) methyl] amino] benzoyl]-; PGA; Pteroylglutamic acid; Pteroylmonoglutamic acid; Vitamin B9; Vitamin M; Vitamin Bc Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Classification: Member of the Vitamin B complex Empirical: C19H19N7O6 Properties: Orange-yel. need. or platelets, odorless; sol. in dil. alkali hydroxide, carbonate sol'ns.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in lipid solvs., acetone, alcohol, ether; m.w. 441.45 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 10 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 85 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 500 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by IP and IV routes; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, vitamin supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 101.79, 107.100, 137.165, 137.185, 137.260, 137.305, 137.350, 139.115, 139.122, 139.155, 172.345, 172.896; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; CoKEM Assoc.; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fallek; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com 1267

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Unipex http://www.unipex.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names Containing: Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid; Bioblend # 7; Bonus Blend; Bulgur Enrichment Domestic CM Enrichment with Folic Acid; Enrichment Tablet with Folic Acid; Export Masa Enrichment; F E Blend K with Folic Acid; Folic Acid 10% Trituration Macaroni Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Pro-Fam® 976 Food black 1. See Brilliant black 1 Food blue 1. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 Food blue 2. See FD&C Blue No. 1; Acid blue 9 Food blue 5. See Acid blue 3 Food freezant 12. See Dichlorodifluoromethane Food green 3. See FD&C Green No. 3; Fast green FCF Food orange 5. See Carotene Food orange 6. See β-Apo-8´-carotenal Food orange 8. See Canthaxanthine Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Food red 1. See Ponceau SX Food red 2. See Amaranth Food red 7. See Acid red 18 Food red 9. See Amaranth Food red 10. See Acid red 1 Food red 14. See FD&C Red No. 3 Food red 17. See FD&C Red No. 40 Food starch, modified CAS 53124-00-8; 65996-62-5; 65996-63-6; 977052-18-8 Synonyms: Modified food starch; Starch, food, modified Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, tasteless; insol. in water, alcohol, ether, chloroform Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, thickener, colloidal stabilizer, binder for foods; emulsifier and encapsulant for oils in dry food mixes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §155.130, 169.150, 169.179, 172.892, 175.105, 178.3520, 182.90 Manuf./Distrib.: ADM http://www.admworld.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avebe http://www.avebe.com; Cambrex http://www.cambrex.com; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com; J.L. Priestley & Co. Ltd; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com; Novartis Pharma http://www.pharma.us.novartis.com; Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com Roquette UK; Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com Trade Names: ActiStar™ RT 75330; BakaSnak®; Batter Bind® S; BatterCrisp™ 05530; BatterCrisp™ 90240 Batter Up® F; Binasol™ 15; Binasol™ 81; Binasol™ 90C; Binasol™ 95 Bindtex; C*ActiStar™; Capsul®; Capsul® TA; Cargill Set™ 90030 Clearjel®; Clearjel® S; Colflo® 67; Confectioners F & G; Consista® CreamTex™ 75720; Crisp Film®; C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06205 C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214; C*Tex 06219; Delta™ 7393; Delta™ SD 7393

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Dress'n® 400; Dry-Flo®; EmCap-Instant 12639; EZ Fill 06750; Firm-Tex® Flojel® 60; Flojel® 65; Flojel® G; Freezist® M; Frigex®-W Fruitfil® 1; Gelatinized Dura-Jel®; Gel 'N' Melt®; H-50; Hi-Cap™ 100 Hiflo®; Hi-Jel™ S; Hi-Set® 322; Hi-Set® 377; Hi-Set® C Hi-Set® CHG; IF-131; Instant Clearjel®; Instant Pure-Flo®; Instant Pure-Flo® F Instant Tender-Jel® 419; Instant TenderJel® 434; Instant Tender-Jel® 479; Instant Tender-Jel® 480; Instant Tender-Jel® C Instant Textaid®-A; Instant Textra; Instant X-Pand'R®; Kol Guard® 7373; Kol Guard® 7413 Lo-Temp® 452; Lo-Temp® 588; Maxi-Gel® 445; Maxi-Gel® 542; Maxi-Gel® 7776 Maximaize® DJ; Maximaize® HV; Mazaca® 3543X; Mira-Cap®; Mira-Cleer® 187 Mira-Cleer® 340; Mira-Cleer® 516; MiraQuik® MGL; Mira-Set® 285; Mira-Sperse® 606 Mira-Sperse® 622; Mira-Sperse® 623; MiraSperse® 626; Mira-Sperse® 2000; MiraThik® 468 Mira-Thik® 469; Mira-Thik® 470; Mira-Thik® 603; Mira-Thik® 606; Mira-Thik® 609 National® 104; National® 465; National® 711; National® 740; National® 814 National® 912; National® 1333; National® 1457; National® 1658; National® 320 National® 4012; National® 5717; National® 6912; National® Frigex; National® Frigex HV N-Creamer™ 46; N-Lite® CL; N-Lite® L; NLite® LP; Nustar® PenBind® 100; PenBind® 120; PenBind® 123; PenBind® 150; PenBind® 180 PenBind® 190; PenBind® 196; PenBind® 830; PenBind® 959; PenBind® 1000 PenBind® 1015; PenCling® 205; PenCling® 510; PenCling® 530; PenCling® 580 PenCling® 597; PenCling® 9172; PenPlus® 40; PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® 2100; PenTexture® 300 Perma-Flo®; Pure-Cote™ B790 NF; PureFlo®; Pure-Gel® B980; Pure-Gel® B990 Pure-Gel® B992; Pure-Gel® B994; PureGel® B996; Pure-Set® B950; Purity® 4

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Purity® 5; Purity® 21D; Purity® 69; Purity® 270; Purity® 420 Purity® 550; Purity® 660; Purity® 87; Purity® 90; Purity® CS C Purity® D; Purity® HPC; Purity® NCS; Purity® W; Purity® Cloud Purity® Gum 40; Purity® Gum 59; Purity® Gum 1773; Purity® Gum 2000; Purity® Gum BE Redisol® 78D; Redisol® 88; Redisol® 248; Redisol® 412; Redi-Tex® Rezista®; Shur-Fil® 427; Soft-Set®; StaMist® 7415; Starco™ 447 Sta-Slim™ 142; Sta-Slim™ 143; Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151; Struct-Sure® 20 Superset® LV; Tenderfil® 8; Tenderfil® 9; Tenderfil® 428; Tenderfil® 473A Textaid®-A; Textra®; Textra® Plus; Thermflo®; Thermshear Thermtex®; Thin-N-Thik® 99; Ultra-Set® LT; Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Sperse® 2000 Ultra-Sperse® HV; Ultra-Sperse® M; UltraSperse® SR; Ultra-Tex® 2; Ultra-Tex® 3 Ultra-Tex® 4; Ultra-Tex® 2000; WNA; XPand'R® Trade Names Containing: AFC AS 300 P; Cameo® Showcase; Cameo Velvet®; Cameo Velvet WT; Hi-Cap™ 200 Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Lucarotin® 10 CWD O; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; LycoVit® 10% DC National® 46; National® 77-1744; National® 150; National® 1545; N-Flate™ N-Lok®; N-Lok® 1930; Novomega™; NSurance™; PenCrisp® 905 PenPlus® 40M; Purity® FC; Purity® HO; Purity® Gum 539; Vitamin B12 0.1% SD Food of the gods. See Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum Food yellow 3. See FD&C Yellow No. 6; Acid yellow 3 Food yellow 4. See FD&C Yellow No. 5; Tartrazine Food yellow 10. See 1-(Phenylazo)-2naphthylamine Food yellow 13. See Acid yellow 3 Food yellow 3 disodium salt. See FD&C Yellow No. 6 Formaldehyde CAS 50-00-0; EINECS/ELINCS 200-001-8 UN 1198 (DOT); UN 2209 (DOT); INS240 Synonyms: Aldehyde C1; Formalin; Formic 1269

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference aldehyde; Formol; HOCH; Methaldehyde; Methanal; Methyene oxide; Methyl aldehyde; Methylene glycol; Oxymethylene; Paraform; Polyoxymethylene glycols Classification: Aldehyde Empirical: CH2O Formula: HCHO Properties: Colorless gas; strong pungent odor; avail. commercially as aq. sol'ns. (37-50% in methanol); sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 30.03; dens. 1.083; vapor pressure 3284 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. -118 C; b.p. -19 C; flash pt. 56 C; autoignition temp. 424 C; ref. index 1.3765 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 800 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 420 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 87 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat) 590 mg/m3; poison by ing., skin contact, inh., IV, IP, subcut. routes; human poison by ing., systemic effects, skin/eye irritant; vapor intensely irritating to mucous membranes; if ingested, causes violent vomiting and diarrhea and possible collapse; suspected human carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen; mutagenic data; common air contaminant; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.74; ThOD 1.07 Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat, or flame; mod. fire risk; mod. explosion hazard; explosive limits 7-73%; can react vigorously with oxidizers; violent reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Uses: Preservative for food processing defoamers containing dimethicone, defoamers for beet sugar and yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340 (1% of dimethicone content), 175.105, 175.210, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2410, 177.2800, 178.3120, 573.460; Canada DSL; FDA approved for topicals; SARA §302a extremely hazardous, §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; HAP; BP, EP compliance (sol'n.) Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Perstorp Polyols http://www.perstorppolyols.com; Praxair http://www.praxair.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Solutia http://www.solutia.com; http://www.coatings-solutia.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Veckridge; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Formaldehyde/acetone/tetraethylenepentamine resin CAS 9006-70-6 Uses: Ion exchange resin for food treatment Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§173.25 Formaldehyde protechualdehyde-3,4-cyclic acetal. See Heliotropine Formalin. See Formaldehyde Formamide, 1,1´-azobis-. See Azodicarbonamide Formic acid CAS 64-18-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-579-1 UN 1779 (DOT); FEMA 2487; INS236 1270

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Aminic acid; Formylic acid; Hydrogen carboxylic acid; Methanoic acid Classification: Organic acid Empirical: CH2O2 Formula: HCOOH Properties: Colorless fuming liq.; pungent penetrating odor; sol. in water, alcohol, ether; m.w. 46.03; dens. 1.22 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 42.6 mm Hg; m.p. 8.3 C; b.p. 100.8 C; flash pt. (OC) 69 C; autoignition temp. 539 C; ref. index 1.3714; surf. tens. 37.58 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 58.5 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 ppm; STEL 10 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 1100 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 940 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 15 min) 15 g/m3; poison by inh., IV, IP routes; mod. toxic by ing.; corrosive; skin and severe eye irritant; migrates to food from pkg.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.20; COD 0.36; ThOD 0.35 Precaution: Flamm.; DOT: corrosive material; can react vigorously with oxidizers; explosive with furfuryl alcohol, nitromethane, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Antibacterial, preservative in foods; synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods; constituent of paper/paperboard used for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.723, 186.1316, GRAS as indirect additive, 573.480; FEMA GRAS; CERCLA hazardous substance; Europe listed; prohibited in UK; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Formic acid benzyl ester. See Benzyl formate Formic acid butyl ester. See Butyl formate Formic acid calcium salt. See Calcium formate Formic acid, cinnamyl ester. See Cinnamyl formate Formic acid, citronellyl ester. See Citronellyl formate Formic acid cyclohexyl ester. See Cyclohexyl formate Formic acid-3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-yl ester. See Citronellyl formate Formic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl formate Formic acid, geraniol ester. See Geranyl formate 1271

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Formic acid, heptyl ester. See Heptyl formate Formic acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl formate Formic acid isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl formate Formic acid, isopentyl ester. See Isoamyl formate Formic acid isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl formate Formic acid 4-methoxybenzyl ester. See Anisyl formate Formic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester. See Isopropyl formate Formic acid 1-methyl-1-(4-methyl-cyclohex-3enyl) ethyl ester. See Terpinyl formate Formic acid, neryl ester. See Neryl formate Formic acid octyl ester. See Octyl formate Formic acid, pentyl ester. See Amyl formate Formic acid phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl formate Formic acid phenylmethyl ester. See Benzyl formate Formic acid propyl ester. See Propyl formate Formic acid sodium salt. See Sodium formate Formic aldehyde. See Formaldehyde Formic ether. See Ethyl formate Formol. See Formaldehyde Formosa camphor. See Camphor Formosa camphor oil; Formose oil of campor. See Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil 2-Formylbutane. See 2-Methylbutyraldehyde α-Formylethylbenzene. See 2-Phenylpropanal Formylic acid. See Formic acid 4-Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl acetate. See Vanillin acetate 2-Formyl-5-methylfuran. See Methylfurfural 2-Formylpentane. See 2-Methylpentanal 2-Formylphenol. See Salicylaldehyde 4-Formyl phenol. See p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde o-Formylphenol. See Salicylaldehyde p-Formyl phenol. See p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde N-(1-Formyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-pentyl) acetamide. See N-Acetylglucosamine Fossil flour. See Diatomaceous earth; Silica, fumed Fossil wax. See Ozokerite Frambinone. See 4-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-2butanone Frankincense. See Olibanum Frankincense extract. See Olibanum (Boswellia carterii) extract Frankincense gum. See Olibanum Frankincense oil. See Olibanum (Boswellia carterii) oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Franklin. See Calcium carbonate Fraxinella. See Dittany (Dictamnus albus) roots Free crystalline silica. See Quartz French chalk. See Talc Freon 30. See Methylene chloride Freon 113. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane Freon 115. See Chloropentafluoroethane Freon C-318. See Octafluorocyclobutane β-D-Fructofuranosidase. See Invertase β-D-Fructofuranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside. See Sucrose β-D-Fructofuranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside monohexadecanoate. See Sucrose palmitate β-D-Fructofuranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside, monooctadecanoate. See Sucrose stearate β-D-Fructofuranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside trioctadecanoate. See Sucrose tristearate β-D-Fructopyranose. See Fructose Fructose CAS 57-48-7 (D-); 7660-25-5; 30237-26-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-333-3 (D-) Synonyms: Arabino-2-hexulose; β-DFructopyranose; D-Fructose; Fruit sugar; Laevosan; Laevulose; Levulose Classification: Aliphatic polyhydric alcohol Definition: Sugar occurring in fruit and honey Empirical: C6H12O6 Properties: Colorless cryst. or wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; sweet taste; sol. in methanol, ethanol, water, pyridine, ethylamine, methylamine; m.w. 180.18; dens. 1.6; m.p. 103-105 C; pH almost neutral Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (inhalable particulate), 3 mg/m3 (respirable particulate); pract. nontoxic by ing.; very large doses may cause abdominal pain and diarrhea; some people are fructose intolerant; nuisance dust; probably not irritating to eyes except as 'foreign object;' experimental tumorigen Precaution: At high temps., fructose in sol'n. rapidly browns and polymerizes to dianhydrides Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store @ R.T. Uses: Humectant, sweetener, preservative, processing aid, formulation aid for foods, dietetic and diabetic foods, cereals, canned fruits, cakes, powd. juices, frozen prods.; flavor enhancer in fruits and berries; 1272

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference prevents sandiness in ice cream Features: Nutritive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 131.111, 131.112, 131.170, 131.200, 131.203, 131.206, 133.179, 146.132, 155.170; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi ng.asp; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; B.I. Chems.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Cambridge Research Biochems. http://www.crb.gb.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl; Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com; Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Farbest Brands http://www.farbest.com/ Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Fresenius Pharma GmbH http://www.fresenius-kabi.at Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Galactic http://www.lactic.com/; Glorybee Natural Sweeteners http://www.glorybee.com/glorybee/Index.ht ml; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.C. Dudley http://www.jcdudley.co.uk/; MLG Enterprises; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Roche Diagnostics http://www.roche-appliedscience.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SPI Pharma http://www.spipharma.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: CornSweet® Crystalline Fructose; Fructamyl 50A; Fructamyl 211; Fructofin® C; Fructofin® CFP Fructofin® CM; Fruisana; KRYSTAR® 300; Krystar® 300; KRYSTAR® 450 Krystar® 450; KRYSTAR® Liquid; KRYSTAR® Powder Trade Names Containing: ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids; Gado Multimin; Glucosweet 251; Glucosweet 261; Glucosweet 341 Glucosweet 361; Glucosweet 371; Glucosweet 431; Glucosweet 451; Glucosweet 461 Glucosweet 471; Glucosweet 481; Glucosweet 611; Glucosweet 660; Glucosweet 661 Glucosweet 680; Glucosweet 681; Glucosweet 711; Glucosweet 731; Glucosweet 761 Glucosweet 931; Isosweet 031; Isosweet 041; Isosweet 111; Isosweet 131 Isosweet 311; Isosweet 331; Isosweet 360; Isosweet 411; Isosweet 413 Isosweet 431; Isosweet 433; Isosweet 460; Isosweet 470; Isosweet 490 Isosweet 511; Isosweet 513; Isosweet 531; Isosweet 533; Isosweet 560 Isosweet 631; Isosweet 633; Isosweet 660; Isosweet 671; Isosweet 683 Isosweet 711; Isosweet 731; Isosweet 733; Isosweet 760; Isosweet 5500 D-Fructose. See Fructose Fruit bromelain. See Bromelain Fruit sugar. See Fructose 1273

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fucelleran Uses: Gellant for water-gel prods., gelatintype desserts, low-calorie jams/jellies Trade Names: Stamere® HT Fufurylideneacetaldehyde. See 3-(2-Furyl) acrylaldehyde Fuller's earth. See Attapulgite Fumarate, calcium. See Calcium fumarate Fumaric acid CAS 110-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-743-0 UN 9126 (DOT); FEMA 2488; INS297 Synonyms: Allomaleic acid; Boletic acid; 2Butenedioic acid; (E)-Butenedioic acid; trans-Butenedioic acid; trans-1,2Ethenedicarboxylic acid; 1,2Ethylenedicarboxylic acid; trans-1,2Ethylenedicarboxylic acid; Lichenic acid Classification: Unsat. aliphatic dicarboxylic acid Empirical: C4H4O4 Formula: HOOCCH:CHCOOH Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. or gran.; odorless; acidic taste; mod. sol. in ethanol and acetone @ 30 C; sl. sol. in water, ether, oxygenated solvs.; very sl. sol. in chloroform; m.w. 116.08; dens. 1.635 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 1.7 mm Hg; m.p. 287 C; b.p. 290 C; flash pt. 230 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, male rat) 10,700 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 587 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 20,000 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mildly toxic by ing. and skin contact; skin and eye irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizers; incompat. with bases, amines, reducing agents; can form explosive dust-air mixts.; sol'ns. react with metals (Al, Fe, Zn) releasing flamm. hydrogen gas Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat and ignition sources Uses: Food additive; acidulant, pH control agent, leavening agent, antioxidant, preservative, dietary supplement in foods; flavoring agent in foods, beverages, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §150.141, 150.161, 172.350, 172.808, 172.810, 172.822, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 177.1200, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

177.2420; Canada DSL; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; BATF 27CFR §240.1051, limitation 25 lb/1000 gal wine; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Biorganics Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com; Arthur Branwell http://www.branwell.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de Balchem http://www.balchem.com; Bartek Ingreds. http://www.bartek.ca; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Changzhou Changmao Biochem. Eng. http://www.ccbec.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Filo http://www.filochemical.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com 1274

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lanxess http://www.lanxess.com Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Miljac http://www.miljac.com Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sanofi-aventis http://www.sanofiaventis.us; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com; Unipex http://www.unipex.com; United Min. & Chem. http://www.umccorp.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names Containing: Golden Gate Sour; Muffin Aid®; Ry-Fla-Vor Fumaric acid, dimethyl ester. See Dimethyl fumarate Fumaric acid, magnesium salt. See Magnesium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fumarate Fumaric acid monosodium salt. See Sodium fumarate Fumed silica; Fumed silicon dioxide. See Silica, fumed Fural; 2-Furaldehyde. See Furfural 2-Furaldehyde, 5-methyl-. See Methylfurfural Furale. See Furfural Furan, 2-acetyl-. See 2-Acetylfuran Furan, 3-acetyl-2,5-dimethyl-. See 3-Acetyl-2,5dimethylfuran Furan acrolein; 2-Furanacrolein. See 3-(2-Furyl) acrylaldehyde 2-Furanaldehyde. See Furfural 2-Furan butanoic acid 3-methyl butyl ester. See Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate 2-Furancarbinol. See Furfuryl alcohol 2-Furancarbonal; 2-Furancarboxaldehyde. See Furfural 2-Furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-. See Methylfurfural Furan-2-carboxylic acid; α-Furancarboxylic acid. See 2-Furoic acid Furan-α-carboxylic acid methyl ester. See Methyl 2-furoate Furan-2-carboxylic acid pentyl ester. See Amyl 2-furoate 2-Furancarboxylic acid, 2-propenyl ester. See Allyl 2-furoate 2-Furancarboxylic acid, propyl ester; 2Furancarboxylic acid n-propyl ester. See Propyl 2-fuorate Furan, 2,5-diethyltetrahydro-. See 2,5Diethyltetrahydrofuran 2,5-Furandione, dihydro-3-(octenyl)-. See Octenylsuccinic anhydride 2,5-Furandione, dihydro-3-(1-octenyl)-. See 1Octenylsuccinic anhydride Furan, 2,2-dithiobis (methylene) bis-. See Difurfuryl disulfide Furaneol. See 4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H) furanone Furaneol acetate CAS 4166-20-5 FEMA 3797 Synonyms: 4-Acetoxy-2,5-dimethyl3(2H)furanone; Caramel acetate; 2,5dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)furanone; 2,5Dimethyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydrofur-3-yl acetate; Furonol acetate; Pineapple ketone acetate; Strawberry furanone acetate Empirical: C8H10O4 1275

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Colorless to pale yel. sticky liq.; very sweet fruity or milky caramel odor; sol. in alcohol, oils, and org. solvents; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 170.16; sp. gr. 1.16; b.p. 243 C; ref. index 1.4770-1.4820 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in closed container, in a dark, fresh and dry place Uses: Flavoring agent in fruit, meat, coffee, candy, cola, baked goods, artificially sweetened foods and beverages Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/ Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ Trade Names: Pineapple Ketone Acetate, Natural 2-Furanmethanethiol. See Furfuryl mercaptan Furanmethanol; 2-Furanmethanol. See Furfuryl alcohol 2-Furan methanol acetate. See Furfuryl acetate 2-Furanmethanol, tetrahydro-, acetate. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate 2(3H)-Furanone, dihydro-5-octyl-. See γDodecalactone 3(2H)-Furanone, 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-. See 4Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H) furanone 2(3H)-Furanone, 5-ethyldihydro-. See γHexalactone 2-Furan propanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl-2furanpropionate 1-(2-Furanyl) ethanone. See 2-Acetylfuran 3-(2-Furanyl)-2-furan acrylic acid propyl ester. See Propyl 2-furanacrylate 1-(2-Furanyl)-1-hexanone. See Pentyl 2-furyl ketone 1-(2-Furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole. See 1-Furfuryl1H-pyrrole 3-(2-Furanyl)-2-propenal. See 3-(2-Furyl) acrylaldehyde Furcelleran CAS 9000-21-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-531-0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

INS407 Synonyms: Danish agar; Furcelleran gum Definition: Refined hydrocolloid obtained by aq. extraction of Furcellaria fastigiata of the class of red seaweed, Rodophyceae Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; sol. in warm water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5000 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 6 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Emulsifier, gellant, stabilizer, thickener in foods, flans, gelled meat prods., jams, jellies, milk puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.655, 172.660, 176.170; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com Furcelleran gum. See Furcelleran Furfural CAS 98-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 202-627-7 UN 1199 (DOT); FEMA 2489 Synonyms: Artificial ant oil; Artificial oil of ants; Fural; 2-Furaldehyde; Furale; 2Furanaldehyde; 2-Furancarbonal; 2Furancarboxaldehyde; 2-Furfural; Furfuraldehyde; Furfurol; Furfurole; Furole; α-Furole; 2-Furyl methanal; Pyromucic aldehyde Classification: Cyclic aldehyde Empirical: C5H4O2 Formula: C4H3OCHO Properties: Colorless liq. (pure); reddish-brown (on exposure to air and light); almond-like odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, benzene, 8.3% in water; m.w. 96.08; dens. 1.1598 (20/4 C); f.p. 36.5 C; b.p. 161.7 C; flash pt. 60 C; ref. index 1.5260 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 65 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 20 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 148 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 153 ppm; poison by ing., IP, subcut., IV, IM routes; mod. toxic by inh., skin contact; skin and eye irritant; irritates mucous membranes, acts on CNS; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.77; ThOD 1.67 Precaution: Flamm. or combustible; can react with oxidizing materials; mod. explosion hazard exposed to heat or flame or by 1276

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference chem. reaction; incompat. with strong min. acids or alkalis; violent exothermic polymerization on contact with strong min. acids/alkalis Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Refrigerate; light-sensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages, syrups Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Chemtura/Great Lakes http://www.chemtura.com/corporate/v/index .jsp?vgnextoid=2a497e765e59b010VgnVCM 10000052d7010aRCRD&vgn; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Harborchem http://www.harborchem.com; Imperial-OEL-Import http://www.imperialoel-import.de; Int'l. Furan Chems. Canada http://www.furan.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penn Spec. Chems. http://www.pschem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Spectrum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Vanco Trading http://vancotrading.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com 2-Furfural. See Furfural Furfural alcohol; Furfuralcohol. See Furfuryl alcohol Furfuraldehyde. See Furfural Furfural mercaptan. See Furfuryl mercaptan Furfural, 5-methyl-. See Methylfurfural Furfurol; Furfurole. See Furfural Furfuryl acetate CAS 623-17-6; EINECS/ELINCS 210-775-9 FEMA 2490 Synonyms: Acetic acid furfuryl ester; 2Acetoxymethyl furan; 2-Furan methanol acetate; Furfuryl alcohol acetate; 2- Furyl carbinyl acetate Classification: 5-Membered aromatic heterocyclic Empirical: C7H8O3 Formula: C4H3OCH2OOCCH3 Properties: Yel., cl.liq.; turns brn. on exposure to light and air; pungent odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 140.14; dens. 1.118; vapor dens. 4.8; b.p. 175-177 C; flash pt. 150 F; ref. index 1.4627 Toxicology: Mutagen; skin, eye, respiratory system irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: do not contaminate water sources, sewers Precaution: Combustible; wear protective gloves, splash-proof eye goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Fruity banana-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties 1277

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.safcspecialties.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Furfuryl alcohol CAS 98-00-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-626-1 UN 2874 (DOT); FEMA 2491 Synonyms: 2-Furancarbinol; Furanmethanol; 2-Furanmethanol; Furfural alcohol; Furfuralcohol; Furfurol; Furyl alcohol; 2Furylcarbinol; α-Furylcarbinol; (2-Furyl) methanol; 2-Hydroxymethylfuran Classification: Heterocyclic substituted alcohol Empirical: C5H6O2 Formula: C4H3OCH2OH Properties: Colorless mobile liq., brn.-dk. red (air/lt. exposed), low odor, cooked sugar taste; sol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene; misc. with water but unstable; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; insol. in petrol. hydrocarbons, most oils; m.w. 98.10; dens. 1.1285 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 1 mm (31.8 C); m.p. -29 C; b.p. 170 C; flash pt. (OC) 75 C; ref. index 1.485 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm (skin); STEL 15 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 275 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) 450 mg/kg; poison by ing., skin contact, subcut. route; mod. toxic by inh., IP routes; mild skin irritant; may cause severe eye irritation; high vapor concs. may cause CNS depression; high ing. doses may cause nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, increased urination; unconsciousness and coma in severe cases; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.53; COD 2.97; ThOD 0.180 Precaution: Combustible; can react with oxidizing materials; mod. explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame; may react explosively with mineral and some organic acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.adv-bio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; CPS Union http://www.tco.com/cpsunion/; Chemtura/Great Lakes http://www.chemtura.com/corporate/v/index .jsp?vgnextoid=2a497e765e59b010VgnVCM 10000052d7010aRCRD&vgn; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Harborchem http://www.harborchem.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Int'l. Furan Chems. Canada http://www.furan.com/; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Penn Spec. Chems. http://www.pschem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Storchem http://www.storchem.com Vanco Trading http://vancotrading.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Furfuryl alcohol acetate. See Furfuryl acetate Furfuryl butyrate CAS 623-21-2; EINECS/ELINCS 210-779-0 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 2-furanylmethyl ester; Butyric acid furfuryl ester; 2Furylmethyl butanoate Empirical: C9H12O3 Properties: Yel. to amber oily liq.; green butyric rancid odor; insol. in water; misc. in ethanol; m.w. 168.19; sp. gr. 1.053; b.p. 212 C; acid no. 1 max.; flash pt. 195 F; ref. index 1.457-1.462 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity grape-like flavor 1278

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Furfuryl disulfide; 2-Furfuryl disulfide. See Difurfuryl disulfide Furfuryl mercaptan CAS 98-02-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202-628-2 UN 1228 (DOT); UN 3071 (DOT); FEMA 2493 Synonyms: 2-Furanmethanethiol; Furfural mercaptan; 2-Furfuryl mercaptan; αFurfuryl mercaptan; α-Furfuryl mercaptan; Furfuryl thiol; 2-Furylmethanethiol; 2Furylmethyl mercaptan Empirical: C5H6OS Properties: Colorless to lt. orange liq.; oily pungnet sulfurous smoky strong roast burnt coffee-like odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol, most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 114.17; sp.gr. 1.1319 (20/4 C); b.p. 155-157 C; flash pt. (CC) 45 C; ref. index 1.527-1.535 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 100 mg/kg; toxic by ing., inh., skin absorp.; poison by IP route; harmful to eyes; may be irritating to skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may cause nausea, headache, vomiting; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm./combustible liq.; stench; incompat. with bases, strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, reducing agents, strong alkalis, alkali metals; avoid moisture, combustible materials; ground containers and equip. to eliminate static elec. sparks Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx, hydrogen sulfide gas; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry, ventilated place away from heat, sparks, open flame, other ignition sources; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, icings, chocolate, fruits, nuts, coffee; fortifier for natural coffee blends; synthetic coffee compositions Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; NetQem http://www.netqem.us Oakwood Prods. http://www.oakwoodchemical.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com 2-Furfuryl mercaptan; α-Furfuryl mercaptan. See Furfuryl mercaptan Furfuryl methyl ketone. See (2-Furyl)-2propanone Furfuryl pentanoate; α-Furfuryl pentanoate. See Furfuryl valerate Furfurylpyrrole; 1-Furfurylpyrrole. See 1Furfuryl-1H-pyrrole 1-Furfuryl-1H-pyrrole CAS 1438-94-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-876-1 FEMA 3284 Synonyms: 1-(2-Furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole; Furfurylpyrrole; 1-Furfurylpyrrole; NFurfurylpyrrole; N-(2-Furfuryl) pyrrole; 1HPyrrole, 1-(2-furanylmethyl)-; Pyrrole, 1furfurylEmpirical: C9H9NO Properties: Gold liq.; horseradish odor, stench; pungent taste; m.w. 147.18; sp.gr. 1.0811.200; b.p. 76-78 C (1 mm Hg); flash pt. 199 F; 1279

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ref. index 1.529-1.536 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 380 mg/kg; toxic; harmful by ing., inh., skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids; may discolor on exposure to light Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, NOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Light-sensitive; store in cool, dry place away from heat, open flame; store under nitrogen; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in soups Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trade Names: Furfurrole 302 N-Furfurylpyrrole; N-(2-Furfuryl) pyrrole. See 1Furfuryl-1H-pyrrole Furfuryl thiol. See Furfuryl mercaptan Furfuryl valerate CAS 36701-01-6; EINECS/ELINCS 253-160-0 FEMA 3397 Synonyms: Furfuryl pentanoate; α-Furfuryl pentanoate Empirical: C10H14O3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; musty, fruity door; m.w. 182.22; sp.gr. 1.026-1.032; vapor dens. 6.2; b.p. 82-83 C (1 mm Hg); acid no. 1; flash pt. (CC) 99 C; ref. index 1.4561.461 (20 C) Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; irritating to eyes, skin; defats skin; ing. may cause stomach pain, vomiting; TSCA listed Environmental: keep run-off water out of water sources, sewers Precaution: Wear protective gloves, splashproof eye goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place way from heat, sparks, open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Oxford Chems. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Furnace black. See Carbon black 2-Furoic acid CAS 88-14-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-803-0 Synonyms: 2-Carboxyfuran; Furan-2carboxylic acid; α-Furancarboxylic acid; αFuroic acid; Pyromucic acid Classification: 5-Membered aromatic heterocyclic Empirical: C5H4O3 Properties: Monoclinic prisms; sol. 1 g/26 ml water (15 C); very sol. in hot water; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 112.09; m.p. 128-130 C; b.p. 230-232 C (760 mm) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 100 mg/kg; poison by IP route; irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Prod. of furoates for flavoring Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penn Spec. Chems. http://www.pschem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com α-Furoic acid. See 2-Furoic acid 2-Furoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl 2furoate Furole; α-Furole. See Furfural Furonol acetate. See Furaneol acetate Furyl acetone. See (2-Furyl)-2-propanone 2-Furylacrolein; 3-(2-Furyl) acrolein; β-(2-Furyl) acrolein; trans-β-(2-Furylacrolein). See 3-(2Furyl) acrylaldehyde 3-(2-Furyl) acrylaldehyde CAS 623-30-3; EINECS/ELINCS 210-785-3 FEMA 2494 1280

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Fufurylideneacetaldehyde; Furan acrolein; 2-Furanacrolein; 3-(2-Furanyl)-2propenal; 2-Furylacrolein; 3-(2-Furyl) acrolein; β-(2-Furyl) acrolein; trans-β-(2Furylacrolein); 3-(2-Furyl)-2-propenal; 3-(αFuryl) propenal; 2-Propenal, 3-(2-furanyl)Empirical: C7H6O2 Properties: Tan to lt. brn. cryst. powd.; spicy nutty cinnamon odor; steam volatile; sol. in alcohol, DMSO; sl. sol. in 95% ethanol (1-10 mg/ml @ 20 C); insol. in water (< 0.1 g/100 ml @ 20 C); m.w. 122.12; vapor pressure 0.513 mm Hg; vapor dens. 4.2; m.p. 46-55 C; b.p. 135 C (14 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 98 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 0.86 g/kg; irritant; corrosive; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes; harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; extremely destructive to tissue of mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, eyes, skin; inh. may cause spasm/inflamm./edema of larynx/bronchi, chem. pneumonitis, pulmonary edema; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Probably combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources, naked flame; store refrigerated; store under nitrogen; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, AICS, Canada DSL, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Furyl alcohol; 2-Furylcarbinol; α-Furylcarbinol. See Furfuryl alcohol 2- Furyl carbinyl acetate. See Furfuryl acetate 1-(2-Furyl) hexanone; 1-(2-Furyl)-1-hexanone. See Pentyl 2-furyl ketone 2-Furyl methanal. See Furfural 2-Furylmethanethiol. See Furfuryl mercaptan (2-Furyl) methanol. See Furfuryl alcohol 2-Furylmethyl butanoate. See Furfuryl butyrate 2-Furyl methyl ketone. See 2-Acetylfuran 2-Furylmethyl mercaptan. See Furfuryl mercaptan 1-(2-Furyl)-propan-2-one. See (2-Furyl)-2propanone (2-Furyl)-2-propanone CAS 6975-60-6 FEMA 2496 Synonyms: Furfuryl methyl ketone; Furyl acetone; 1-(2-Furyl)-propan-2-one; Methyl furfuryl ketone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C7H8O2 Properties: Liq.; radish odor; sol. in in ether, triacetin; m.w. 124.14; sp. gr. 1.074-1.080; acid no. 1 max.; ref. index 1.499-1.505 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com 3-(2-Furyl)-2-propenal; 3-(α-Furyl) propenal. See 3-(2-Furyl) acrylaldehyde Fusel oil. See Fusel oil refined Fusel oil refined CAS 8013-75-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-395-2 UN 1201 (DOT); FEMA 2497 Synonyms: Amyl alcohol, commercial; Amyl alcohols, mixed; Fusel oil; Whiskey fusel oil; Wine fuel oil Definition: Mixed amyl alcohols, contg. isoamyl alcohol, methanol, ethanol, acetaldehyde, and other alcohols Properties: Water-wh. to pale yel. oily liq.; disagreeable odor; sol. in water, alcohol, ether; dens. 0.807-0.813; b.p. 120-140 C; flash pt. 123 F; ref. index 1.405-1.410 Toxicology: Mutagenic data; suspected of containing carcinogens; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. exposed to heat or 1281

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference flame; reacts with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ciba Spec. Chems./Water & Paper; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Imperial-OEL-Import http://www.imperialoel-import.de; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com GA3. See Gibberellic acid Gadidae oil; Gadi lecur; Gadus morrhua; Gadus morrhua liver oil. See Cod liver oil Galactasol. See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Galactomannan CAS 11078-30-1; EINECS/ELINCS 234-299-6 Synonyms: Carob galactomannan; D-GalactoD-mannan Properties: M.w. ≈ 200,000 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener for foods, beverages Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names: Meyprodor® D-Galacto-D-mannan. See Galactomannan 4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucitol. See Lactitol monohydrate; Lactitol 4-O-β-Galactopyranosyl D-glucose. See Lactose α-Galactosidase CAS 9025-35-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-792-0 Classification: Enzyme Definition: Derived from Mortierella vinaceae Properties: Off-wh. to brn. powd.; sl. odor; sol. in water Precaution: Avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Enzyme in prod. of sugar from sugar beets; production aid in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.145; Japan approved β-Galactosidase CAS 9031-11-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-864-1 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Lactase Definition: Derived from E. coli Properties: M.w. 35,000 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 20 mg/kg, (subcut, rat) 4090 mg/kg; mod. toxic by subcut., IP routes; TSCA listed Storage: Store frozen (-15 to -22 C); hygroscopic; keep under argon Uses: Enzyme for hydrolyzing lactose in dairy prods., dietary supplements Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Canada, Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Enzeco® Fungal Lactase; Lactase 14-DS; Lactase F Amano Galanga CAS 977050-77-3 FEMA 2498 Synonyms: Alpinia galanga; Alpinia officinarum; Chinese ginger; Galangal; Galangal root Definition: From Alpinia spp. Properties: Bitter aromatic taste Uses: Natural flavoring agent in beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Galangal; Galangal root. See Galanga Galangal root extract CAS 977038-76-8; EINECS/ELINCS 291-068-2 FEMA 2499; 2501 Synonyms: Alpinia officinarum; Alpinia officinarum extract; Alpinia officinarum root extract; Alpinia root extract Definition: Extract of roots from Alpinia officinarum or A. galanga Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages, bitters Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Galbanum. See Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua) Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua) CAS 9000-24-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-532-6 FEMA 2502 Synonyms: Ferula galbaniflua; Galbanum; Galbanum resin 1282

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: From Ferula galbaniflua Properties: Dk. amber semisold; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, alcoholic beverages Features: Rich green woody balsam, dry green odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Galbanum resin. See Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua) Galipea officinalis; Galipea officinalis extract. See Angostura (Galipea officinalis) extract Gallic acid CAS 149-91-7; 5995-86-8 (monohydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 205-749-9 Synonyms: 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid Empirical: C7H6O5 (anhyd.); C7H6O5 • H2O (monohydrate) Formula: C6H2(OH)3CO2H (anhyd.) or C6H2(OH)3CO2H • H2O (monohydrate) Properties: Wh. to pale fawn-colored cryst. or need.; odorless; sol. (1 g/ml): 87 ml water, 6 ml alcohol, 100 ml ether, 10 ml glycerin, 5 ml acetone; pract. insol. in benzene, chloroform, petroleum ether; m.w. 170.12 (anhyd.), 188.14 (monohydrate); dens. 1.694; m.p. 258-265 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 5 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 4300 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 320 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP route; irritant; mutagenic data; experimental reproductive effector; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from light Uses: Food additive; natural antioxidant in foods (Japan) Regulatory: Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Asiamerica Int'l.

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuji Chem. Ind. http://www.fujichemical.co.jp; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Gallic acid dodecyl ester. See Dodecyl gallate Gallic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl gallate Gallic acid lauryl ester. See Dodecyl gallate Gallic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl gallate Gallic acid octyl ester. See Octyl gallate Gallic acid propyl ester. See Propyl gallate Gallotannic acid; Gallotannin. See Tannic acid Garden angelica extract. See Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract Gardenia extract; Gardenia Florida. See Gardenia Florida extract Gardenia Florida extract CAS 92457-01-7; EINECS/ELINCS 296-280-9 Synonyms: Cape jasmine extract; Gardenia extract; Gardenia Florida; Gardenia jasminoides extract Uses: Flavoring agent for tea Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Gardenia jasminoides extract. See Gardenia Florida extract Gardenol. See α-Methylbenzyl acetate 1283

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Garden sage. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) Garden thyme. See Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Garlic (Allium sativum) extract CAS 8008-99-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-371-1 Synonyms: Allium sativum; Allium sativum extract; Garlic extract Definition: Extract derived from Allium sativum Properties: Pungent acrid aromatic garlic odor Uses: Natural flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods; processing aid in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1317, GRAS; Japan restricted Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; G.C.I. Nutrients http://www.gcinutrients.com/ Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/; Kalsec http://www.kalsec.com; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Mini Star Int'l. http://www.ministar.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Vernon Walden Garlic (Allium sativum) oil CAS 8000-78-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-371-1 FEMA 2503 Synonyms: Allium sativum oil; Garlic oil Definition: Volatile oil from bulb or entire plant Allium sativum Properties: Clear to yel. liq., strong garlic odor and taste; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; insol. in glycerin, alcohol, propylene glycol; dens. 1.046-1.057 (15/15 C); flash pt. 47.8 C; ref. index 1.5750 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1360 mg/kg; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Natural flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

seasoning blends Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1317, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed, no restrictions; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Medallion Int'l.; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Garlic extract. See Garlic (Allium sativum) extract Garlic oil. See Garlic (Allium sativum) oil Garlic powder Uses: Spice; neutraceutical Garnet lac. See Shellac Gas plant. See Dittany (Dictamnus albus) roots Gaultheria procumbens; Gaultheria procumbens extract. See Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) extract Gaultheria procumbens oil. See Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) oil GBL. See Butyrolactone GDL. See Gluconolactone GDO. See Glyceryl dioleate Gelatin CAS 9000-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-554-6; 295-635-5 Synonyms: Gelatine; Gelatins; White gelatin Definition: Complex combination of proteins obtained from partial hydrolysis of collagen derived from animal skin, connective tissues, and bones; Type A is derived from acid-treated precursor, Type B from alkali-treated precursor Properties: Faint yel. or amber flake or powd., sl. 1284

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference char. bouillon-like odor in sol'n., tasteless; sol. in warm water, glycerol, acetic acid; insol. in org. solvs., alcohol, chloroform, ether, fixed and volatile oils; amphoteric Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; may cause anaphylactoid reactions; experimental teratogen, reproductive effector; TSCA listed Precaution: Stable in air when dry, but subject to microbic decomp. when moist or in sol'n. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Clarifier, stabilizer, thickener, gellant, texturizer in foods; dietary supplements; chewing gum base; migrating to foods from cotton in dry food pkg.; protective colloid in ice cream Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.133, 133.134, 133.162, 133.178, 133.179, 172.230, 172.255, 172.280, 182.70; GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan approved; FDA approved for dentals, inhalants, intramuscular injectables, intravenous, IV (infusion), orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Am. Gelatin http://www.americangelatin.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Atlantic Gelatin; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com; Cesalpinia Food http://www.cesalpiniafood.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemcolloids Ltd http://www.chemcolloids.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd Croda Food Services Ltd http://www.crodafoods.co.uk; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Farmacapsulas http://www.farmacapsulasusa.com/; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com GMI Prods. http://www.gmioriginates.com/; Gelita http://www.gelita.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Hawkins Chem. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Healan Ingreds. Ltd http://www.healan.com/ Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Italgelatine SpA http://www.italgelatine.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Norland Prods. http://www.norlandproducts.com; PB Leiner USA http://www.gelatin.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vyse Gelatin http://www.vyse.com/; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Centura A Gelatin; Economix Gelatin; Edible Beef Gelatin; Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin; Protector Gelatin Sammi Gelatine; Vee Gee 100 B; Vee Gee 200 B; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins Trade Names Containing: Canthaxanthin 10% CWS/N; Lutein DC; LycoVit® 10% DC Gelatine. See Gelatin Gelatin hydrolysate. See Hydrolyzed gelatin Gelatins. See Gelatin Gelatins, hydrolysates. See Hydrolyzed gelatin Gelatin, succinylated. See Succinylated gelatin Gellan gum CAS 71010-52-1; EINECS/ELINCS 275-117-5 INS418; E418 Synonyms: Gum gellan Classification: Polysaccharide Definition: High m.w. heteropolysaccharide gum produced by pure-culture fermentation of a carbohydrate with Pseudomonas elodea Properties: Sol. in water Uses: Film-former, gellant, thickener, stabilizer in foods, pet foods Features: Half the amount of gellan gum as agar is necessary to reach an equivalent gel strength Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.665; Japan, JECFA, Canada approvals 1285

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adept Sol'ns.; CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® BF; Kelcogel® BF10; Kelcogel® F; Kelcogel® IF Kelcogel® JJ; Kelcogel® LT; Kelcogel® LT100 Gelose. See Agar Gelucystine. See L-Cystine Gentiana lutea; Gentiana lutea extract. See Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract Gentiana lutea rhizome and roots. See Gentian (Gentiana lutea) Gentian extract. See Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract Gentian (Gentiana lutea) Synonyms: Bitter root; Gentian; Gentiana; Gentiana lutea; Gentiana lutea rhizome and roots; Gentian root Definition: Dried rhizome and roots of Gentiana lutea Storage: Protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in in alcoholic drinks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; BP, EP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Mini Star Int'l. http://www.ministar.com; Whole Herb http://www.wholeherbcompany.com/ Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract CAS 72968-42-4; EINECS/ELINCS 277-139-0 FEMA 2506 Synonyms: Gentiana lutea; Gentiana lutea extract; Gentian extract; Gentian root extract Classification: Resinoid Definition: Extract of rhizomes and roots of Gentiana lutea Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages; antioxidant, bittering agent in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; not listed as Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

approved colorant for cosmetics under FDA 21CFR §73 and 74; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Gentian root. See Gentian (Gentiana lutea) Gentian root extract. See Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract Gentleman's cane. See Amaranthus cruentus Geramiun oi bourbon. See Geranium maculatum oil Geranial. See Citral Geraniol CAS 106-24-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-377-1 FEMA 2507 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol; 3,7-Dimethyl-trans-2,6-octadien-1-ol; (E) 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol; trans-3,7Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol; Geranyl alcohol; Guaniol; 2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethylClassification: Aliphatic organic compd.; a terpene alcohol Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq., pleasant geranium odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 154.28; dens. 0.870-0.890 (15 C); m.p. 15 C; b.p. 230 C; flash pt. 214 F; ref. index 1.469-1.478; tenacity 12 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3600 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ingestion and intramuscular routes; can cause allergic reaction; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant, and fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, toppings Features: Sweet apple, apricot, berry-like flavor Use Level: < 30% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Japan approved as flavoring (ENCS no. 2-258); Canada DSL; Philippines 1286

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; DRT http://www.drt.fr; http://www.drt.fr/en; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Trade Names Containing: Geraniol BJ FCC; Geraniol Fine FCC Geraniol acetate. See Geranyl acetate Geraniol butyrate. See Geranyl butyrate β-Geraniolene. See Myrcene Geraniol formate. See Geranyl formate Geraniol isobutyrate. See Geranyl isobutyrate Geraniol isovalerate. See Geranyl isovalerate Geraniol propionate. See Geranyl propionate Geraniol tetrahydride. See 3,7-Dimethyl-1octanol Geranium crystals. See Diphenyl oxide Geranium, East Indian, extract. See Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) extract Geranium, East Indian, oil. See Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) oil Geranium extract CAS 977091-46-5; EINECS/ELINCS 296-192-0; 283-492-1; 307-497-6 Synonyms: Pelargonium; Pelargonium extract Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Definition: Extract of various species of Pelargonium Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS See also Geranium maculatum extract Geranium maculatum. See Geranium maculatum extract; Geranium maculatum oil Geranium maculatum extract CAS 84650-10-2; EINECS/ELINCS 283-491-6 Synonyms: Cranesbill extract; Geranium extract; Geranium maculatum; Wild geranium extract Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Geranium maculatum oil CAS 8000-46-2; EINECS/ELINCS 290-140-0 FEMA 2508 Synonyms: Algerian geranium oil; Geramiun oi bourbon; Geranium maculatum; Geranium oil; Geranium oil Algerian type Definition: Volatile oil from Geranium maculatum; contains geraniol and geranyl tiglate Properties: Greenish-yel. to brn. liq; rose and geraniol odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; sol. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin; dens. 0.886-0.898; flash pt. 185 F; ref. index 1.454-1.472 (20 C) Toxicology: Skin irritant; sensitizer; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; 1287

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Geranium oil; Geranium oil Algerian type. See Geranium maculatum oil Geranium oil, East Indian; Geranium oil, Turkish. See Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) oil Geranium, rose, oil. See Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil Geranyl acetate CAS 105-87-3; 16409-44-2 (mixt. of isomers); EINECS/ELINCS 203-341-5; 240-458-0 (mixt. of isomers) FEMA 2509 Synonyms: Acetic acid geraniol ester; (E)-3,7Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol acetate; trans3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol acetate; 3,7Dimethyl-2-trans-6-octadienyl acetate; trans-2,6-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-8-yl ethanoate; Geraniol acetate; 2,6-Octadien-1ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate; 2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate, (E)Classification: floral ester; acylic terpene Definition: Found in oils of Daucus carota, Eucalyptus macarthurii, etc. or obtained from geraniol by acetylation Empirical: C12H20O2 Formula: (CH3)2C:CHCH2CH2C(CH3):CHCH2OCOCH3 Properties: Colorless clear oily liq.; sweet fruity, floral, lavender odor; sweet taste; sol. in alcohol, DMSO, acetone, fixed oils, ether, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; misc. with corn oil; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 196.32; dens. 0.907-0.918 (15 C); vapor pressure 0.02 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 128-129 C; flash pt. > 93.3 C; ref. index 1.458-1.464 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6330 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; can cause eye damage; inh. may cause nausea; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; reacts with strong oxidizing agents Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes of CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Protect from heat, light; store @ ambient temps. away from oxidizing materials Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, syrups Features: Sweet flavor Use Level: < 25% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Japan approved as flavoring (ENCS no. 2-2535); Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Anthea Aromatics http://www.antheaaromatics.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances http://www.iff.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com 1288

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names: Geranyl Acetate Extra FCC Trade Names Containing: Geranyl Acetate 60 FCC Geranyl acetoacetate CAS 10032-00-5; EINECS/ELINCS 233-101-5 FEMA 2510 Synonyms: (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl acetoacetate; trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadien-1-yl acetoacetate; Geranyl betaketobutyrate; Geranyl 3-oxobutanoate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C14H22O3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq.; sol. in alcohol and oil; insol. in water; m.w. 238.33; sp. gr. 0.9625; ref. index 1.4670 Toxicology: Primary irritant Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet, fruity, winey, fermented applelike odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com Geranyl acetone CAS 689-67-8; 3796-70-1; EINECS/ELINCS 211711-2; 223-269-8 FEMA 3542 Synonyms: Dihydropseudoionone; α,βDihydropseudoionone; 6,10-Dimethyl-5,9undecadien-2-one; 6,10-Dimethyl-undeca5,9-dien-2-one; (E)-6,10-Dimethylundeca5,9-dien-2-one; trans-6,10-Dimethyl-5,9undecadien-2-one; 5,9-Undecadien-2-one, 6,10-dimethylClassification: Nonaromatic ketone Empirical: C13H22O Properties: Colorless liq.; rose-like odor; sol. in many org. solvs.; sparingly sol. in water; m.w. 194.32; dens. 0.869 (20/4 C); b.p. 92-93 C; flash pt. 65 C; ref. index 1.467 (20 C); tenacity > 7 days Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary irritant; irritating to eyes, skin, and respiratory system; TSCA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Geranyl alcohol. See Geraniol Geranyl benzoate CAS 94-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 202-337-0 FEMA 2511 Synonyms: Benzoic acid geraniol ester; Benzoic acid geranyl ester; 3,7-Dimethyl2,6-octadien-1-yl benzoate; (E)-3,7Dimetyyl-2,6-octadienyl benzoate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C17H22O2 Formula: CH3-C(CH3)=CH-[CH2]2-C(CH3)=CHCH2-OCO-C6H5 Properties: Ylsh. oily liq.; rosy, amber, ylangylang-like odor; misc. with alcohol, chloroform; insol. in water; m.w. 258.37; dens. 0.9780.984; b.p. 198-200 C (15 mm); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.513-1.518 Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Use Level: 0.5% max. as benzoic acid in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Geranyl beta-ketobutyrate. See Geranyl acetoacetate Geranyl butanoate. See Geranyl butyrate Geranyl butyrate CAS 106-29-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-381-3 FEMA 2512 1289

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6octadienyl ester; Butyric acid, 3,7-dimethyl2,6-octadienyl ester; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadienyl butanoate; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadien-1-yl butyrate; trans-3,7-Dimethyl2,6-octadien-1-yl butyrate; Geraniol butyrate; Geranyl butanoate; Geranyl nbutyrate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C14H24O2 Formula: C3H7COOC10H17 Properties: Colorless liq.; char. floral odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; almost insol. in water; m.w. 224.34; dens. 0.901 (17/4 C); vapor dens. 7.7; b.p. 152 C (18 mm); flash pt. 93 C; ref. index 1.455 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10,660 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing. and skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Geranyl n-butyrate. See Geranyl butyrate Geranyl caproate. See Geranyl hexanoate Geranyl formate CAS 105-86-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-339-4 FEMA 2514 Synonyms: trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1ol formate; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl formate; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl formate; trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1yl formate; Formic acid, geraniol ester; Geraniol formate Classification: floral ester; acrylic terpene Definition: Ester of geraniol and formic acid Empirical: C11H18O2 Formula: HCOOC10H17 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq. or oil; rose/green rose leaf odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; pract. insol. in ether; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 182.26; dens. 0.927 (20/4 C); b.p. 113-114 C (15 mm); flash pt. 205 F; ref. index 1.4580-1.4660 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 6 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin and eye irritant; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Anthea Aromatics http://www.anthea-aromatics.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1290

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Geranyl hexanoate CAS 10032-02-7; EINECS/ELINCS 233-102-0 FEMA 2515 Synonyms: (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl ester, hexanoic acid; Dimethyl-2,6-octadien1-yl hexanoate; (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6dien-1-yl-n-hexanoate; Geranyl caproate; Geranyl hexylate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C16H28O2 Formula: CH3-(CH3)C=CH-[CH2]2-C(CH3)=CHCH2-OCO-[CH2]4-CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; rose-geranium odor; m.w. 252.40; sp.gr. 0.890 (15.5 C); b.p. 240 C; ref. index 1.4500 Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Geranyl hexylate. See Geranyl hexanoate Geranylinalool. See Geranyl linalool Geranyl isobutyrate CAS 2345-26-8; EINECS/ELINCS 219-062-7 FEMA 2513 Synonyms: trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1ol isobutyrate; trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadienyl isobutyrate; Geraniol isobutyrate Classification: floral ester; acylic terpene Empirical: C14H24O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; lt. rose odor; sweet apricot-like taste; sol. in alcohol, most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 224.34; dens. 0.8997 (15 C); ref. index 1.4576 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.bellff.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Geranyl isovalerate CAS 109-20-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-655-2 FEMA 2518 Synonyms: trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl isopentanoate; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadienyl 3-methylbutanoate; Geraniol isovalerate; (E)-Isovaleric acid-3,7-dimethyl2,6-octadienyl ester; 3-Methylbutyric acid, 3,7-dimethyl-octa-2,6-dienyl ester; 2,6Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, isovalerate Classification: Nonaromatic ester; acylic terpene Empirical: C15H26O Properties: Colorless liq.; rose odor; sweet apple taste; sol. in alcohol, most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 238.37; dens. 0.890; vapor dens. 8.2; b.p. 279 C; flash pt. (CC) > 99 C; ref. index 1.4538 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: keep run-off out of sewers, water sources Precaution: Wear protective gloves, splashproof goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed containers Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Geranyl linalool CAS 1113-21-9; EINECS/ELINCS 214-201-8 Synonyms: Geranylinalool; 1,6,10,14Hexadecatetraen-3-ol, 3,7,11,15tetramethyl-, (E,E)-; 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl1,6,10,14-hexadecatetraene-3-ol; (E,E)3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-1,6,10,14hexadecatetraen-3-ol Empirical: C20H34O Properties: Liq.; m.w. 290.49; dens. 0.885; flash pt. 179 C; ref. index 1.490 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (IP, mouse) > 2 g/kg, skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary irritant to eyes, skin, respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store under argon; store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Green, floral, sweet, woody fragrance and flavor Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Geranyl 3-oxobutanoate. See Geranyl acetoacetate Geranyl phenylacetate CAS 102-22-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-014-7 FEMA 2516 Synonyms: Acetic acid, phenyl-, 3,7-dimethyl2,6-octadienyl ester, (E)-; Benzeneacetic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienylester, (E)-; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl phenylacetate; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadienyl phenylacetate; trans-3,7Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl phenylacetate; Geranyl α-toluate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C18H24O2 Properties: Ylsh visc. liq.; honey- and rose-like Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

odor; clearly sol. in alcohol (4 parts/90%); misc. in chloroform, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 272.39; sp.gr. 0.971-0.978; flash pt. 99 C; ref. index 1.5070-1.5110 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Geranyl propionate CAS 105-90-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-344-1 FEMA 2517 Synonyms: (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol propionate; (E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl propanoate; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl propionate; trans-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadien-1-yl propionate; Geraniol propionate; 2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, propionate, (E)-; Propionic acid, geranyl ester Classification: Floral ester; acylic terpene Definition: Ester of geraniol and propionic acid Empirical: C13H22O2 Formula: C2H5COOC10H17 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity flowery odor; bitter taste; sol. in fixed oils, alcohol; insol. in water, glycerol, propylene glycol; m.w. 210.31; sp.gr. 0.896-0.913; vapor dens. 7.2; b.p. 253 C; flash pt. 99 C; ref. index 1.4570-1.4650 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear protective clothing, gloves, eye/face protection; combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated 1292

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Geranyl α-toluate. See Geranyl phenylacetate German calamus oil. See Calamus oil German chamomile flower. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower German chamomile oil. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil Germander extract. See Germander (Teucrium chamaedrys) extract; Germander (Teucrium scorodonia) extract Germander (Teucrium chamaedrys) extract CAS 977091-51-2 Synonyms: Germander extract; Teucrium chamaedrys; Teucrium chamaedrys extract; Wall germander extract Definition: Extract of herb, Teucrium chamaedrys Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Cooke Aromatics Pty. Ltd http://www.cookearomatics.com.au Germander (Teucrium scorodonia) extract CAS 90131-55-8; EINECS/ELINCS 290-367-5 Synonyms: Germander extract; Teucrium scorodonia; Teucrium scorodonia extract Definition: Extract of herb, Teucrium scorodonia Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved (germander) Ghatti gum. See Gum ghatti Gibberellic acid CAS 77-06-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-001-0 Synonyms: GA3; Gibberellin; 2,4a,7Trihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylenegibb-3ene-1,10-carboxylic acid 1-4-lactone Empirical: C19H22O6 Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd.; sol. in methanol, ethanol, acetone, aq. sol'ns. of sodium bicarbonate and sodium acetate; sl. sol. in water, ether; mod. sol. in ethyl acetate; m.w. 346.41; m.p. 233-235 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6300 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Malting of barley for prod. of fermented malt beverages and distilled spirits; enzyme activator in brewing Features: Improved enzymatic chars. in malting of barley Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.725, limitation 2 ppm (treated barley malt), 0.5 ppm (finished beverage); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Burlington BioMedical; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; 1293

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Gibberellin. See Gibberellic acid Gidartamaku extract. See Mullein (Verbascum thapsus) extract Gingelly oil. See Sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil Ginger extract. See Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract Ginger oil. See Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil Ginger oleoresin. See Oleoresin ginger Gingerone. See Zingerone Ginger root extract. See Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract Ginger root oil. See Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract CAS 84696-15-1; EINECS/ELINCS 283-634-2 FEMA 2521 Synonyms: Ginger extract; Ginger root extract; Zingiber officinale; Zingiber officinale extract; Zingiber officinale root extract Definition: Extract of the roots of the ginger, Zingiber officinale Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/; INEOS Fluor UK http://www.ineosfluor.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil CAS 8007-08-7; EINECS/ELINCS 283-634-2 FEMA 2522 Synonyms: Ginger oil; Zingiber officinale oil; Zingiber officinalis Definition: Volatile oil obtained from dried rhizomes of Zingiber officinale, contg. lzingiberene, d-camphene, phellandrene, borneol, cineol, citral Properties: Yel. visc. liq., ginger odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, alcohol; pract. insol. in water; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; dens. 0.875-0.885 (15/15 C); ref. index 1.48801.4950 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (IP, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mouse) 1230 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP routes; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats, liqueurs, spice blends for bakery/confectionery Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (ginger); Europe listed, no restrictions; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/ Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Gingilli oil. See Sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil GLA. See γ-Linolenic acid Glacial acetic acid. See Acetic acid, glacial Glassy sodium. See Sodium hexametaphosphate Glassy sodium phosphate. See Sodium polyphosphate Glauber's salt. See Sodium sulfate 1294

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decahydrate; Sodium sulfate Glicerol. See Glycerin Gln. See L-Glutamine Glu. See L-Glutamic acid Glucal. See Calcium gluconate 1,3-β-D-Glucan. See Curdlan Glucanase CAS 9001-06-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-578-7 Synonyms: Chitinase; Chitobiase; Chitodextrinase; Laminarase; Poly (1,4-β-2acetamido-3-deoxy-D-glucoside) glycanohydrolase; Poly-β-glucosaminidase Classification: Enzyme Definition: Derived from Streptomyces griseus Properties: M.w. ≈ 56,000 Toxicology: LD50 (unreported, mouse) 750 mg/kg; TSCA listed Storage: Sensitive to humidity; keep under argon Uses: Natural enzyme for foods, beer filtration, feed Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Canada, Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium β-Glucanase from Bacillus subtilis CAS 9074-98-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-734-4 Classification: Enzyme Properties: Lt. brn. yel. powd.; m.w. ≈ 23,000 Precaution: Avoid contact with eyes and skin; avoid breathing dust Storage: Store @2-8 C Trade Names: Zymafilt® L-300 1,4-D-Glucan glucanohydrolase. See Amylase Glucase. See α-Glucosidase Glucitol; D-Glucitol. See Sorbitol Glucoamylase. See Amyloglucosidase Glucolin. See Glucose Gluconic acid (INCI). See D-Gluconic acid D-Gluconic acid CAS 526-95-4; EINECS/ELINCS 208-401-4 INS574; E574 Synonyms: Dextronic acid; Gluconic acid (INCI); Glycogenic acid; Glyconic acid; Maltonic acid; Pentahydroxycaproic acid Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C6H12O7 Formula: CH2OH(CHOH)4COOH Properties: Pure: crystals, mild acid taste; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 196.16; m.p. 131 C; Commercial Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

50% aq. sol'n.: lt. amber, faint odor of vinegar; dens. 1.24 (25/4 C); flash pt. none; ref. index 1.4161 Toxicology: No known toxicity; mild irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Digestible carbohydrate, dietary supplement, pH control agent, raising agent in foods; acidulant, flavoring agent in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Japan approved; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Glucona Am.; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Lucid Colloids http://www.lucidgroup.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; MultiKem http://www.multikem.com/; PMP Fermentation Prods. http://www.pmpinc.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com Gluconic acid calcium salt; D-Gluconic acid calcium salt; d-Gluconic acid, calcium salt (2:1). See Calcium gluconate Gluconic acid, cobalt salt. See Cobalt gluconate D-Gluconic acid cyclic 4,5-ester with boric acid calcium salt. See Calcium borogluconate 1295

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Gluconic acid, iron (II) salt, hydrate (2:1:2). See Ferrous gluconate dihydrate Gluconic acid δ-lactone; D-Gluconic acid δlactone. See Gluconolactone D-Gluconic acid magnesium salt; D-Gluconic acid, magnesium salt (2:1). See Magnesium gluconate Gluconic acid, manganese salt (2:1). See Manganese gluconate D-Gluconic acid monopotassium salt. See Potassium D-gluconate D-Gluconic acid monosodium salt. See Sodium gluconate Gluconic acid potassium salt; D-Gluconic acid potassium salt. See Potassium D-gluconate Gluconic acid sodium salt. See Sodium gluconate Gluconolactone CAS 90-80-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202-016-5 INS575; E575 Synonyms: GDL; Gluconic acid δ-lactone; DGluconic acid δ-lactone; δ-Gluconolactone; Glucono [GD]-lactone; D-Glucono-1,5lactone Definition: Cyclic 1,5-intramolecular ester of Dgluconic acid Empirical: C6H10O6 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., pract. odorless; sol. in water with hydrolysis forming acidic sol'ns.; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether, chloroform; m.w. 178.14; m.p. 153 C (dec.); readily hydrolyzed Toxicology: May cause eye irritation; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Moisture-sensitive; store under nitrogen Uses: Direct food additive; acidulant, binder, curing accelerator, pickling agent, leavening agent, pH control agent, sequestrant, flavoring agent in foods, baby foods, baked goods, canned foods, dairy, cured meats, frankfurters, Genoa salami, sausages, dessert mixes, processed cheese, fish prods., spice preps., salads, sauces; coagulant for tofu Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.129, 155.120, 184.1318, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (limitation 8 oz/100 lb meat, 6 oz/100 lb genoa salami); Japan approved; Europe listed; UK Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

approved; FDA approved for orals, topicals; Canada DSL; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM http://www.admworld.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Glucona Am.; Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; PMP Fermentation Prods. http://www.pmpinc.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com δ-Gluconolactone; Glucono [GD]-lactone; DGlucono-1,5-lactone. See Gluconolactone α-D-Glucopyranose. See Glucose β-D-Glucopyranose, 1,6-anhydro-. See 1,6Anhydro-D-glucose α-D-Glucopyranose, monohydrate. See D-(+)Glucose monohydrate Glucopyranose pentaacetate; α-DGlucopyranose, pentaacetate. See α-DGlucose pentaacetate α-D-Glucopyranoside, O-acetyl-tris-O-(2-methyl1-oxopropyl)-β-D-fructofuranosyl, acetate tris (2-methyl propanoate). See Sucrose acetate isobutyrate α-D-Glucopyranoside, β-D-fructofuranosyl, dioctadecanoate. See Sucrose distearate 1296

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference α-D-Glucopyranoside, β-D-fructofuranosyl, monododecanoate. See Sucrose laurate α-D-Glucopyranoside, β-D-fructofuranosyl, monooctadecanoate. See Sucrose stearate α-D-Glucopyranoside, β-D-frutofuranosyl, monohexadecanoate. See Sucrose palmitate α-D-Glucopyranoside, α-D-glucopyranosyl-. See Trehalose α-D-Glucopyranoside, 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-Dfructofuranosyl-, tetraacetate. See Sucrose octaacetate 4-(α-d-Glucopyranosido)-α-glucopyranose. See Maltose α-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, (3β,20β)-20carboxy-11-oxo-30-norlean-12-en-3-yl-2-O-βD-glucopyranuronosyl-, ammoniate; α-DGlucopyranosiduronic acid, (3β,20β)-20carboxy-11-oxo-30-norlean-12-en-3-yl-2-O-βD-glucopyranuronosyl-, monoammonium salt. See Ammonium glycyrrhizate α-D-Glucopyranosyl β-D-fructofuranoside. See Sucrose 4-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucitol; 4-O-β-DGlucopyranosyl-D-glucitol. See Maltitol α-D-Glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside. See Trehalose O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-α-Dglucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucose. See Maltotriose 13-[(2-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-α-Dglucopyranosyl) oxy] kaur-16-en-18-oic acid, β-D-glucopyranosyl ester. See Stevioside 4-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucose. See Maltose 4-O-α-Glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol. See Maltitol Glucosaccharonic acid. See Erythorbic acid Glucosamine CAS 3416-24-8; EINECS/ELINCS 222-311-2 Synonyms: 2-Amino-2-deoxy-β-Dglucopyranose; 2-Amino-2-deoxyglucose; Chitosamine; D-Glucose, 2-amino-2-deoxyClassification: Organic compd. Empirical: C6H13NO5 Formula: CH2OH(CH2O)3CHNH2CHO Properties: Colorless needles; sol. in water; sl. sol. in methanol, ethanol; insol. in ether, chloroform; m.w. 179.20; m.p. 110 C (dec.) Toxicology: Mutagen; TSCA listed Uses: Natural thickener, stabilizer in foods; nutritional supplements Regulatory: ; Japan approved Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Glucosamine sulfate potassium Synonyms: Glucosamine sulfate potassium chloride; GSPC Empirical: C12H26N2O10H2SO4 • 2KCl Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; m.w. 605.52; bulk dens. 0.85 g/ml Uses: Dietary supplement in food Manuf./Distrib.: JFC Technologies http://www.jfctechnologies.com; Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com Glucosamine sulfate potassium chloride. See Glucosamine sulfate potassium Glucose CAS 50-99-7 (anhyd.); 492-62-6 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1; 207-757-8 Synonyms: Blood sugar; Corn sugar; Dextrose; α-Dextrose; Dextrosol; Glucolin; α-D-Glucopyranose; D-Glucose; Grape sugar Classification: Carbohydrate Definition: Sugar obtained from the hydrolysis of starch; commercial prod. is the natural D(+)enantiomer monohydrate Empirical: C6H12O6 Formula: CHO(CHOH)4CH2OH Properties: Colorless cryst. or wh. gran. powd., odorless, sweet taste; sol. in water, hot glac. acetic acid, pyridine, aniline; sl. sol. in alcohol, ether, acetone; m.w. 180.18 (anhyd.); dens. 1.544; m.p.146-158 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 25,800 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 9 g/kg; LDLo (IP, mouse) 18 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; large doses can cause diabetes; experimental reproductive effects; questionable carcinogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Potentially explosive reaction with potassium nitrate + sodium peroxide on heating Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; mixts. with alkali release CO on heating Uses: Dietary supplement, flavoring agent, nutritive sweetener for confectionery, foods, brewing, baking, canning, winemaking; caramel coloring Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 101.9, 133.124, 133.178, 133.179, 145.3, 145.134, 1297

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 145.180, 145.181, 146.3, 146.132, 146.140, 146.141, 146.145, 146.146, 155.170, 155.194, 155.200, 163.123, 163.150, 163.153, 168.110, 168.111, 169.175, 169.176, 169.177, 169.178, 169.179, 169.180, 169.181,169.182, 172.816, 184.1857, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; FDA approved for injectables; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Biorganics Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avebe http://www.avebe.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brenntag Southeast Brenntag Specialties; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Chemcolloids Ltd http://www.chemcolloids.com; Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com; Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Farbest Brands http://www.farbest.com/; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Napier Brown Foods http://www.napierbrown.co.uk Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Ragus Sugars http://www.ragus.co.uk; Roquette UK Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sweeteners Plus http://www.sweetenersplus.com Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: ADM Clintose® A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF ADM Clintose F; ADM Clintose® VF; Cerelose® Anhydrous Dextrose; Clearsweet® 99 Refined Liquid Dextrose; Dextrofin® MicroGARD® MG 200; Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mushroom Extract Powder 4:1; Sirodex 310; Sirodex 331; Sirodex 431 Sirodex 810; Staleydex® 130; Staleydex® 333 Trade Names Containing: ADM Clintose CR 24; BakeSmart®; Cameo® Showcase; Cameo Velvet®; Cameo Velvet WT Cargill Dry GL™ 01920; Cargill Dry GL™ 01925; Cargill Dry GL™ 01938; Cargill Dry GL™ 01939; Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01918; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 CDC-2001; CDC-2500; Clearbrew® 43% IX High Maltose Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 53/44 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 60/43 Liquid Adjunct Clearbrew® 60/44 IX Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 60/44 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 63/43 Liquid Adjunct;

1298

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Clearbrew® 63/44 Liquid Adjunct; DEXSTAR™ Agglomerated Dextrose DP 313; DP 325; DP 363; DP 374; FloAm® 200 FloAm® 200C; FloAm® 210 HC; FloAm® 240; FloAm® 500; FloAm® 500 CF FloAm® 500 TF; FloAm® 540; FloAm® 740; FloAm® System; Gelcarin® SQ 3290 Gelcarin® XP 3337; Gelcarin® XP 3435; Gelcarin® XP 3447; Glacier II; Imperial FD Isagel® RGS 40; Isosweet 031; Isosweet 041; Isosweet 111; Isosweet 131 Isosweet 311; Isosweet 331; Isosweet 360; Isosweet 411; Isosweet 413 Isosweet 431; Isosweet 433; Isosweet 460; Isosweet 470; Isosweet 490 Isosweet 511; Isosweet 513; Isosweet 531; Isosweet 533; Isosweet 560 Isosweet 631; Isosweet 633; Isosweet 660; Isosweet 671; Isosweet 683 Isosweet 711; Isosweet 731; Isosweet 733; Isosweet 760; Isosweet 5500 Lecion LP-1; LEM, Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mycelium Extract; Maitake Mushroom Extract; Merecol® IC; Merecol® S Merecol® SH; Merecol® Y; MoisturLok® Liquid; MoisturLok® Powder; Oxyvac™ Paniset®; Panistay®; Propylene Glycol Alginate LV FCC; Proxan® SG 22; Proxan® SG 23 Reishi Mycelium Extract; Rikemal MM-100; SeaGel® DP 437; SeaGel® FL 644L; SeaGel® GP 713 SeaGel® PS 182; SeaGel® XP 3611; SeaKem® CM-611; SeaKem® GP-418; SeaKem® IC-611 SeaKem® IC-912; Staleydex® 95; Sucrosweet 210; Sucrosweet 311; Textureze™ MT 200 Viscarin® SA 439; Viscarin® SD-389 Glucose. See D-(+)-Glucose monohydrate D-Glucose. See Glucose D-Glucose, 2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-. See NAcetylglucosamine D-Glucose, 2-amino-2-deoxy-. See Glucosamine D-Glucose, 1,6-anhydro-. See 1,6-Anhydro-Dglucose Glucose isomerase CAS 9055-00-9 Definition: Immobilized enzyme used to convert glucose to fructose Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; enzyme which converts glucose to fructose for prod. of high fructose corn syrup Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1372, GRAS; UK, Japan approved Glucose, liquid CAS 8027-56-3; 8029-43-4 Synonyms: Corn syrup; Glucose syrup; Starch syrup Definition: Obtained by the incomplete hydrolysis of starch, contg. principally dextrose, dextrins, maltose, and water Properties: Colorless or ylsh. thick syrupy liq., odorless, sweet taste; misc. with water; sparingly sol. in alcohol HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Sweetener in confectionery, fruit processing, alcoholic drinks, baked goods, prepared foods, soft drinks; nutrient in microbial fermentation; water binder, visc. builder for meat prods., alcohol-free beers, ketchup, sauces, coffee whiteners; bulking agent for dry beverage mixes, dry soups, sauces, and spice blends; carrier for flavors and fragrances Regulatory: FDA approved for orals; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl; Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com GMI Prods. http://www.gmioriginates.com/; Galactic http://www.lactic.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Kaufholz & Co.; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Trade Names: ADM Clintose® Dextrose Greens; Glucidex 21 D; Glucidex® IT21; Glucidex® IT29; Glucidex® IT33 Glucidex® IT38; Glucidex® IT47 Trade Names Containing: ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids; BakeSmart®; DP 1299

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 40 α-D-Glucose monohydrate. See D-(+)-Glucose monohydrate D-Glucose monohydrate CAS 5996-10-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-075-1 Synonyms: Bread sugar; Dextrose monohydrate Empirical: C6H12O6 • H2O Properties: Colorless to wh. powd. or cryst.; m.w. 198.17; sp. gr. 1.54; m.p. 83 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rabbit) 35 g/kg Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Sweetener for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1857, GRAS; FDA approved for injectables (IM, IV), inhalers, orals; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Meritose 100; Meritose 200; Meritose 220; Meritose 300 D-(+)-Glucose monohydrate CAS 14431-43-7; EINECS/ELINCS 207-757-8 Synonyms: Dextrose monohydrate; α-DGlucopyranose, monohydrate; Glucose; αD-Glucose monohydrate Definition: Sugar obtained from the hydrolysis of starch; commercial prod. is the natural D(+)enantiomer monohydrate Empirical: C6H12O6• H2O Formula: CHO(CHOH)4CH2OH• H2O Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless, sweet taste; freely sol. in water; m.w. 198.17; sp. gr. 1.54; pH 5-7 Toxicology: Dust may cause eye and skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid dust generation; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances Uses: Energy source for parenteral nutrition Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: USP Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com Glucose oxidase CAS 9001-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-601-0 INS1102 Synonyms: β-d-Glucose oxidase; Oxidase glucose Definition: Enzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid; derived from Aspergillus niger Properties: Amorphous powd. or crystal; sol. in water; m.w. ≈ 186,000 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 3 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 13 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 4500 µg/kg; poison by subcut., IV, IP routes; TSCA listed Storage: Store frozen (-15 to -22 C); hygroscopic; keep under argon Uses: Enzyme, preservative, antioxidant, stabilizer for Vitamins C and B12 in foods, soft drinks, liq. whole egg, egg white, liq. egg yolk Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Canada, UK, Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Gluzyme 10000 BG; Gluzyme Mono 10000 BG; Hyderase Trade Names Containing: Fungamyl Super BR; Hyderase HC; Hyderase L; Multifect GO 1500L β-d-Glucose oxidase. See Glucose oxidase Glucose pentaacetate. See α-D-Glucose pentaacetate α-D-Glucose pentaacetate CAS 83-87-4; 604-68-2; EINECS/ELINCS 210073-2 FEMA 2524 Synonyms: Glucopyranose pentaacetate; α-DGlucopyranose, pentaacetate; Glucose pentaacetate; 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-α-Dglucopyranose Empirical: C16H22O11 Properties: M.w. 390.35; m.p. 111-113 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, 1300

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference beverages, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Kaden Biochems. http://www.kadenbio.com Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Glucose polymer. See Dextran Glucose syrup. See Glucose, liquid; Corn syrup Glucose syrup solids. See Corn syrup solids α-Glucosidase CAS 9001-42-7 Synonyms: Glucase; Maltase Uses: Natural enzyme for foods Features: Hydrolyzes maltose to glucose Regulatory: ; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com β-Glucosidase Synonyms: Emulsin Uses: Natural enzyme for foods Regulatory: ; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Cat http://www.biocat.com exo-1,4-α-Glucosidase. See Amyloglucosidase (α-d-Glucosido)-β-d-fructofuranoside. See Sucrose 4-(α-d-Glucosido)-d-glucose. See Maltose Glumin. See L-Glutamine Glusate; Glutacid. See L-Glutamic acid Glutamate magnesium. See Magnesium glutamate Glutamic acid; α-Glutamic acid. See L-Glutamic acid L-Glutamic acid CAS 56-86-0; EINECS/ELINCS 200-293-7 FEMA 3285; INS620; E620 Synonyms: α-Aminoglutaric acid; L-2Aminoglutaric acid; 2-Aminopentanedioic acid; L-2-Aminopentanedioic acid; 1Aminopropane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid; Glu; Glusate; Glutacid; Glutamic acid; αGlutamic acid; Glutaminic acid; lHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Glutaminic acid; Glutaminol; Glutaton Classification: Amino acid Definition: Commercially avail. as the naturally occurring L(+)-enantiomer in the form of the free base or hydrochloride salt Empirical: C5H9NO4 Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 147.15; dens. 1.538 (20/4 C); m.p. 224-225 C; sublimes heated to 200 C Toxicology: Human systemic effects by ing. and IV route (headache, vomiting); TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavor enhancer, salt substitute in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320 (12.4% max.), 182.1045, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Boith China http://www.boith.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Flamma Spa http://www.flamma.it Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko USA http://www.kyowausa.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium 1301

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Glutamic acid amide; Glutamic acid-5-amide; LGlutamic acid 5-amide. See L-Glutamine L-Glutamic acid, N-[4-(2-amino-1,4-dihydro-4oxo-6-pteridinyl) methyl] amino] benzoyl]-. See Folic acid L-Glutamic acid, compd. with L-arginine (1:1). See Arginine glutamate L-Glutamic acid hydrochloride CAS 138-15-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-315-9 Synonyms: L-2-Aminoglutaric acid hydrochloride; 2-Aminopentanedioic acid hydrochloride Empirical: C5H9NO4 • ClH Formula: HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH • HCl Properties: Orthorhombic bisphenoidal plates; m.w. 183.60; dec. 214 C HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Salt substitute, flavoring agent, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods; multipurpose food ingred. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, 182.1047, GRAS; FDA approved for injectables (IM, IV), orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko USA http://www.kyowausa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ L-Glutamic acid L-lysine salt. See L-Lysine Lglutamate L-Glutamic acid, monopotassium salt. See Potassium glutamate Glutamic acid, monosodium salt; Glutamic acid, sodium salt. See MSG Glutaminase CAS 9001-47-2 Synonyms: L-Glutamine amidohydrolase Classification: Enzyme protein Definition: Enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of glutamine to form glutamate and an ammonium ion Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 320 IU/kg; prolonged exposure may cause allergic reaction in sensitive individuals; may cause irritation to eyes, skin, and mucous membranes Precaution: Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry conditions in a tightly closed container @ -20 C Uses: Enzyme for foods, converting Lglutamine to L-glutamic acid Manuf./Distrib.: Sigma-Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Trade Names Containing: Glutaminase Daiwa C100S γ-Glutamine. See L-Glutamine L-Glutamine CAS 56-85-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200-292-1 FEMA 3684 Synonyms: L-2-Amino-4-carbamoylbutanic acid; 2-Amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid; 12-Aminoglutaramidic acid; 2Aminoglutarmaic acid; Gln; Glumin; Glutamic acid amide; Glutamic acid-5amide; L-Glutamic acid 5-amide; γGlutamine; Levoglutamid; Levoglutamide Classification: Amino acid Definition: Commercially avail. as the naturally occurring L(+)-enantiomer Empirical: C5H10N2O3 Properties: Needles; sol. in water; pract. insol. in methanol, ethanol, ether, benzene, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform; m.w. 146.17; dec. 1302

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 185-186 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7500 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; human systemic effects (euphoria); experimental reproductive effects Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, soft candy, nut prods., seasonings; feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, limitation 12.4%; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Flamma Spa http://www.flamma.it Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com L-Glutamine amidohydrolase. See Glutaminase Glutaminic acid; l-Glutaminic acid; Glutaminol. See L-Glutamic acid Glutaminylpeptide; Glutaminylpeptide-γ-; Glutamyltransferase; γ-Glutamyltransferase. See Transglutaminase

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Glutaral CAS 111-30-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-856-5 Synonyms: Glutaraldehyde; Glutaric dialdehyde; Pentanedial; 1,5-Pentanedial; Pentane-1,5-dial; 1,5-Pentanedione Classification: Aliphatic dialdehyde Empirical: C5H8O2 Formula: OHC(CH2)3CHO Properties: Colorless oily liq.; pungent aldehyde odor; sol. in water, alcohol, benzene; m.w. 100.12; dens. 0.72; b.p. 188 C (dec.); f.p. -14 C; flash pt. none Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/CL 0.2 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 468 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 17,900 µg/kg, (subcut., rat) 2390 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) 795 mg/kg; poison by ing., IV, IP routes; mod. toxic by inh., skin contact, subcut. routes; severe eye and human skin irritant; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Corrosive Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Antimicrobial in beet-sugar mills; fixing agent in immobilization of enzyme preps.; crosslinking agent in microcapsules that encapsulate flavoring substances Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.230 (250 ppm max.), 173.320, 173.357, 175.105, 176.170, 176.180, 176.300; EPA reg. 10352-39; Japan MITI; Europe provisional list 0.1% max.; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com BASF http://www.basf.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Triple Crown 1303

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Trade Names: Protectol® GDA Glutaraldehyde; Glutaric dialdehyde. See Glutaral Glutaton. See L-Glutamic acid Gluten. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Gluten gum CAS 977091-56-7 Uses: Ingred. in macaroni and noodle prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§139.110, 139.120, 139.125, 139.140, 139.150 Glutens, corn. See Corn (Zea mays) meal Gly. See Glycine Glycamil. See Ammonium glycyrrhizate Glyccyrrhiza. See Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Glyceran esters of condensed castor oil fatty acids. See Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate Glycerides. See Fish glycerides Glycerides, acetates. See Acetylated glycerides Glycerides, C8-10. See Caprylic/capric glycerides Glycerides, coco; Glycerides, coconut, mono-, di-, and tri-. See Cocoglycerides Glycerides, coconut oil mono-. See Glyceryl cocoate Glycerides, corn, mono-, di-, and tri-. See Corn glycerides Glycerides, cottonseed oil, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride Glycerides, cottonseed oil, mono-. See Cottonseed glyceride Glycerides, cottonseed oil mono-, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride Glycerides, cottonseed-oil, mono-, hydrogenated, acetates. See Acetylated hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride Glycerides, hydrogenated lard mono-. See Hydrogenated lard glyceride Glycerides, hydrogenated tallow mono-. See Hydrogenated tallow glyceride Glycerides, hydrogenated vegetable mono-. See Hydrogenated vegetable glyceride Glycerides, lard mono-. See Lard glyceride Glycerides, lard mono-, acetates. See Acetylated lard glyceride Glycerides, lard, mono-, di- and tri-. See Lard glycerides Glycerides, lard mono-, di- and tri-, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated lard Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

glycerides Glycerides, lard mono-, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated lard glyceride Glycerides, lard mono-, hydrogenated, acetates. See Acetylated hydrogenated lard glyceride Glycerides, mixed decanoyl and octanoyl. See Caprylic/capric triglyceride Glycerides, palm kernel oil mono-, di-, and tri-, acetates. See Acetylated palm kernel glycerides Glycerides, palm oil mono-. See Palm glyceride Glycerides, palm oil mono-, di- and tri-. See Palm glycerides Glycerides, palm oil mono-, di- and tri, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated palm glycerides Glycerides, palm oil mono-, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated palm glyceride Glycerides, peanut oil, mono-, di-, and tri-. See Peanut glycerides Glycerides, rape oil mono-; Glycerides, rapeseed mono-. See Rapeseed glyceride Glycerides, safflower mono-; Glycerides, safflower oil mono-. See Safflower glyceride Glycerides, soya mono-, di- and tri-, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated soy glycerides Glycerides, soya mono-, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated soy glyceride Glycerides, soybean oil, hydrogenated, acetates. See Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glyceride Glycerides, soybean oil, hydrogenated, mono. See Hydrogenated soy glyceride Glycerides, sunflower oil mono-. See Sunflower seed oil glyceride Glycerides, sunflower oil mono-, di- and tri-. See Sunflower seed oil glycerides Glycerides, sunflower seed mono-. See Sunflower seed oil glyceride Glycerides, sunflower seed mono-, di- and tri-. See Sunflower seed oil glycerides Glycerides, tall oil mono-, di- and tri-. See Tall oil glycerides Glycerides, tallow, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated tallow glycerides Glycerides, tallow mono-. See Tallow glyceride Glycerides, tallow mono-, di- and tri-, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated tallow glycerides Glycerides, tallow mono-, di- and tri-, hydrogenated, acetates. See Acetylated 1304

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference hydrogenated tallow glycerides Glycerides, tallow mono-, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated tallow glyceride Glycerides, tallow mono-, hydrogenated, acetates. See Acetylated hydrogenated tallow glyceride Glycerides, tallow mono-, hydrogenated, citrates. See Hydrogenated tallow glyceride citrate Glycerides, tallow mono-, hydrogenated, lactates. See Hydrogenated tallow glyceride lactate Glycerides, vegetable mono-, di-, and tri, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides Glycerides, vegetable mono-, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated vegetable glyceride Glycerides, vegetable oil, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides Glycerides, vegetable oil mono-, hydrogenated, acetates. See Acetylated hydrogenated vegetable glyceride Glycerin CAS 56-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-289-5 FEMA 2525; INS422; E422 Synonyms: Glicerol; Glycerine; Glycerol; Glycyl alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; Propane1,2,3-triol; Trihydroxypropane; 1,2,3Trihydroxypropane; Trihydroxypropane glycerol Classification: Polyhydric alcohol Empirical: C3H8O3 Formula: HOCH2COHHCH2OH Properties: Clear colorless syrupy liq., odorless, sweet taste; sol. in water, alcohol; insol. in ether, benzene, chloroform; m.w. 92.09; dens. 1.26201 (25/25 C); m.p. 17.8 C; b.p. 290 C (dec.); flash pt. (OC) 176 C; ref. index 1.4730 (25 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 20 ml/kg, (IV, rat) 4.4 ml/kg; poison by subcut. route; mildly toxic by ing.; human systemic and GI effects by ing.; skin and eye irritant; nuisance dust; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. exposed to heat, flame, strong oxidizers; highly explosive with hydrogen peroxide; ignites on contact with calcium hypochlorite; explosive mixts. and violent reactions possible with many chems. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Solvent, humectant, plasticizer, bodying agent for foods, baked goods, candy, marshmallows, low-fat prods., pkg. materials; flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, extracts, meats; sweetener; preservative; migrating to food from paper/paperboard; chewing gum plasticizer (Japan) Use Level: 0.2-65.7% (topicals), 1-50% (liq. orals), 50% (parenterals), 7-10% (dentifrices), 0.5-3.0% (ophthalmics) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.175, 169.176, 169.177, 169.178, 169.180, 169.181, 172.811, 172.866, 175.300, 175.320, 176.210, 177.1390, 177.2420, 177.2800, 178.3500, 182.90, 182.1320, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; FDA approved for orals, parenterals, ophthalmics, dentifrices, intramuscular injectables, rectals; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems. AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acmehardesty.com; Adeka Fine Chem. http://www.adk.co.jp; Adept Sol'ns.; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com Alba Int'l.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com; Anar http://anarsoapandchemical.com/; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Boehle http://www.interpolymer.com/contentmgr/s howdetails.php/id/204; Brenntag AG 1305

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.brenntag.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Cognis http://www.cognis.de; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Dow http://www.dow.com EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/ Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Hollister-Stier Labs http://www.hollister-stier.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com ICC Chem. http://www.iccchem.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kimpton Bros. Ltd http://www.kimpton.co.uk Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Lutianhua; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; NOF Am. NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Polysciences Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.polysciences.com; Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com Reliable Biopharmaceutical http://www.reliablebiopharm.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Shandong Haihua Tianhe http://www.tianhechemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com United Min. & Chem. http://www.umccorp.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holme-clark.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Agnique GLY 96; Agnique GLY 99-U; Dow Glycerine 96% USP; Dow Glycerine 99.5% USP/EP; Emery® 917 Glycon® G-100; Glycon® G-300; Kemstrene® 96.0% USP; Moon™ Glycerine USP K; Moon™ Kosher Glycerine USP NK Optim™ Glycerine 99.7; Pricerine™ 9081; Pricerine™ 9083; Pricerine™ 9091; Pricerine™ 9098 Pricerine™ 9099; Star™ Glycerine USP, FCC; Star™ K Glycerine USP, FCC; Star™ V Glycerine USP, FCC; Superol™ K (kosher) Superol™ NK; Superol™ V (vegetable) 1306

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names Containing: BFP 64K; BFP 75K; Capmul® MCMC8; Capmul® MCM-L; Capmul® MCM-L8 DREWMULSE® GMC-810; Starplex® 90; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG Glycerine. See Glycerin Glycerine triacetate. See Triacetin Glycerin monoleate. See Glyceryl oleate Glycerin monostearate. See Glyceryl stearate Glycerite. See Tannic acid Glycerol. See Glycerin Glycerol dioleate. See Glyceryl dioleate Glycerol epichlorhydrin. See Epichlorohydrin Glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin. See Glyceryl hydrogenated rosinate Glycerol ester hydrolase. See Lipase Glycerol ester of rosin. See Glyceryl rosinate Glycerol esters of condensed castor oil fatty acids. See Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate Glycerol ester of wood rosin. See Glyceryl rosinate Glycerol mono coconut oil. See Glyceryl cocoate Glycerol monoisostearate. See Glyceryl isostearate Glycerol monolaurate. See Glyceryl laurate Glycerol monoleate; Glycerol monooleate. See Glyceryl oleate Glycerol monoricinoleate; Glycerol 1monoricinoleate. See Glyceryl ricinoleate Glycerol monostearate. See Glyceryl stearate Glycerol oleate. See Glyceryl oleate Glycerol ricinoleate. See Glyceryl ricinoleate Glycerol shortening. See Glyceryl mono shortening Glycerol stearate. See Glyceryl stearate Glycerol triacetate. See Triacetin Glycerol tribehenate. See Tribehenin Glycerol tributyrate. See Tributyrin Glycerol tricaprinate. See Tricaprin Glycerol tricaprylate. See Tricaprylin Glycerol triheptanoate. See Glyceryl trienanthate; Glyceryl triheptanoate Glycerol trilaurate. See Trilaurin Glycerol trioctanoate. See Trioctanoin Glycerol trioleate. See Triolein Glycerol tripropionate. See Glyceryl tripropionate Glycerol tristearate. See Tristearin Glycerol triundecanoate. See Triundecanoin Glycerophosphate calcium; Glycerophosphate calcium salt; Glycerophosphoric acid calcium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

salt. See Calcium glycerophosphate Glyceryl behenate CAS 6916-74-1; 30233-64-8; 77538-19-3; EINECS/ELINCS 250-097-0 Synonyms: 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl docosanoate; Docosanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester; Glyceryl monobehenate Definition: Monoester of glycerin and behenic acid Empirical: C25H50O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)20COOCH2CHOHCH2OH Properties: Fine powd., faint odor; sol. in chloroform; pract. insol. in water and alcohol; m.p. 70 C; acid no. 4 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 145-165 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; formulation aid in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1328, GRAS; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Glyceryl caprate CAS 26402-22-2; EINECS/ELINCS 247-667-6 Synonyms: Decanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol; Glyceryl monocaprate; Glyceryl monodecanoate; Monocaprin Definition: Monoester of glycerin and capric acid Empirical: C13H26O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)8COOCH2COHHCH2OH Properties: Cl. semi-solid; sol. in hot water; sl. sol. in EtOH; insol. in aliphatic acids; m.w. 246.3; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat)> 5 gm/ kg; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier and oiling agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.180, 176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Capmul® MCMC10 Trade Names Containing: Capmul® MCM; Capmul® MCM-L; Capmul® MCM-L8; DREWMULSE® GMC-810 Glyceryl caprylate CAS 26402-26-6; EINECS/ELINCS 247-668-1 Synonyms: Caprylic acid monoglyceride; Glyceryl monocaprylate; Monooctanoin; Octanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,31307

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference propanetriol Definition: Monoester of glycerin and caprylic acid Empirical: C11H22O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)6COOCH2COHHCH2OH Properties: Crystals; m.p. 39.5-40.5 C; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Softener for chewing gum bases; surfactant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com Trade Names: Imwitor® 988 Trade Names Containing: Capmul® MCM; Capmul® MCMC8; DREWMULSE® GMC-810 Glyceryl caprylate/caprate Synonyms: Glyceryl mono(caprylate/caprate) Definition: Mixture of monoglycerides of caprylic and capric acids Properties: Nonionic Uses: Solubilizer, emulsifier for foods, vitamins, flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Glyceryl caprylate/caprate. See Caprylic/capric triglyceride Glyceryl citrate/lactate/linoleate/oleate CAS 9174-23-9 Definition: N Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer in foods Trade Names: Imwitor® 375 Glyceryl cocoate CAS 61789-05-7; EINECS/ELINCS 263-027-9 Synonyms: Glycerides, coconut oil mono-; Glycerol mono coconut oil; Glyceryl coconate Definition: Monoester of glycerin and coconut fatty acids Formula: RCO–OCH2COHHCH2OH, RCO– represents the fatty acids derived from coconut oil Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Lambent Tech. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.lambentcorp.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Trade Names: Imwitor® 928 Glyceryl coconate. See Glyceryl cocoate Glyceryl cottonseed oil Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, antistaling agent, antisticking agent in foods Features: Lipophilic Glyceryl dicaprate CAS 53988-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 258-903-2 Synonyms: Decanoic acid, diester with 1,2,3propanetriol; Dicaprin; Didecanoic acid, diester with glycerol Classification: Saturated glyceride Empirical: C23H44O5 Uses: Ingred. in vitamin and mineral preps. Trade Names Containing: DREWMULSE® GMC-810 Glyceryl dicaprylate CAS 36354-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 252-992-1 Synonyms: Dicaprylin; Octanoic acid, diester with 1,2,3-propanetriol Classification: Saturated glyceride Uses: Ingred. in vitamin and mineral preps. Manuf./Distrib.: Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Trade Names Containing: DREWMULSE® GMC-810 Glyceryl dilaurate CAS 27638-00-2; EINECS/ELINCS 248-586-9 Synonyms: Dilaurin; Dodecanoic acid, diester with 1,2,3-propanetriol Definition: Diester of glycerin and lauric acid Empirical: C27H52O5 Formula: C11H23COOCH2CHCH2OHOCOC11H23 Properties: Wh. to off-wh. solid; sol. in min. oil, 95% ethanol, IPM, oleyl alcohol, castor oil; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; sapon. no. 219-229; ref. index 1.4520-1.4560 (35 C); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg; nonirritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Surfactant in foods Features: Lipid Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma 1308

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Glicopol 2-G Glyceryl dioleate CAS 25637-84-7; EINECS/ELINCS 247-144-2 Synonyms: GDO; Glycerol dioleate; 9Octadecenoic acid, diester with 1,2,3propanetriol Definition: Diester of glycerin and oleic acid Empirical: C39H72O5 Properties: Pale yel. liq.; HLB 1.8; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Camida USA http://www.camida.com; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Universal Preserv-AChem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Aldo® DO; Cithrol GDO N/E; Nofable GO-902; Nofable GO-992 Glyceryl dioleate SE Properties: Anionic Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, and antistat in foods Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: Cithrol GDO S/E Glyceryl distearate CAS 1323-83-7; EINECS/ELINCS 215-359-0 INS471 Synonyms: Octadecanoic acid, diester with 1,2,3-propanetriol Definition: Diester of glycerin and stearic acid Empirical: C39H76O5 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, and antistat in foods Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.2800; Europe listed; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.connock.co.uk; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Cithrol GDS N/E; HallStar® GDS 386F Trade Names Containing: Excel P-40 Glyceryl distearate SE Properties: Anionic Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, and antistat in foods Trade Names: Cithrol GDS S/E Glyceryl di/tribehenate Uses: Emulsifier in foods; additive for tablet mfg. Glyceryl hydrogenated rosinate CAS 65997-13-9; EINECS/ELINCS 266-042-9 Synonyms: Glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin; Resin acids and rosin acids, hydrogenated, esters with glycerol; Rosin, hydrogenated, glycerol ester Definition: Monoester of glycerin and hydrogenated mixed long chain acids derived from rosin Uses: Softener, plasticizer for the masticatory agent in chewing gum bases Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Florachem http://www.florachem.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk Trade Names: Staybelite® Ester 5-E Glyceryl isostearate CAS 32057-14-0; 66085-00-5; 61332-02-3; EINECS/ELINCS 262-710-9; 266-124-4 Synonyms: Glycerol monoisostearate; Glyceryl monoisostearate; Isooctadecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol Definition: Monoester of glycerin and isostearic acid Empirical: C21H42O4 Properties: Pale yel. paste or clear liq.; HLB 3.0; Nonionic Toxicology: Lethal when injected in large doses in mice; TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, dispersant in foods, feed Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Glyceryl-lacto esters of fatty acids. See Lactic 1309

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Glyceryl lactooleate CAS 30283-16-0 Empirical: C24H44O6 Properties: M.w. 338.568 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, plasticizer in foods; emulsifier for rendered animal fats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.852; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147 Glyceryl lactopalmitate. See Glyceryl palmitate lactate Glyceryl lactopalmitate/stearate Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent, starch gellant in foods Trade Names Containing: Durlac® 100W Glyceryl lactostearate. See Glyceryl stearate lactate Glyceryl lactyl palmitate. See Glyceryl palmitate lactate Glyceryl laurate CAS 142-18-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-526-6 Synonyms: Dodecanoic acid, 2,3dihydroxypropyl ester; Dodecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol; Glycerol monolaurate; Glyceryl monolaurate; 1Monolaurin Definition: Monoester of glycerin and lauric acid Empirical: C15H30O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)10COOCH2COHHCH2OH Properties: Cream-colored paste, faint odor; disp. in water; sol. in methanol, ethanol, toluene, naphtha, min. oil; dens. 0.98; m.p. 2327 C; HLB 5.2; pH 8-8.6; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 53 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.2800, GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Evonik Goldschmidt; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; GlobalSeven http://www.global-seven.com/ Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lanaetex Prods.; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; U.S. Synthetics; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com Trade Names: Aldo® MLD KFG Glyceryl laurate SE CAS 27215-38-9 Definition: Self-emulsifying grade of glyceryl laurate containing some sodium and/or potassium laurate Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, and antistat in foods Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com Trade Names: Cithrol GML S/E Glyceryl linoleate CAS 2277-28-3; EINECS/ELINCS 218-901-4 Synonyms: Monolinolein; 9,12Octadecadienoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester; 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol Definition: Monoester of glycerin and linoleic acid Empirical: C21H38O4 1310

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Nonionic Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods, low-cal spreads, icings, cake shortenings Regulatory: USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Maisine® 35-1 Glyceryl monobehenate. See Glyceryl behenate Glyceryl monocaprate. See Glyceryl caprate Glyceryl monocaprylate. See Glyceryl caprylate Glyceryl mono(caprylate/caprate). See Glyceryl caprylate/caprate Glyceryl mono cottonseed oil. See Cottonseed glyceride Glyceryl monodecanoate. See Glyceryl caprate Glyceryl mono/dilaurate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for foods Glyceryl mono/dioleate CAS 25496-72-4 (generic); 68424-61-3 (generic) Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol Empirical: C21H40O4 Properties: Yel. oil or soft solid; m.w. 356.61; dens. 0.95; m.p. 14-19 C; Nonionic Toxicology: Primary irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Emulsifier, antifoam, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Trade Names Containing: Excel 122V; Excel 200 Glyceryl mono/distearate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, water binder for foods Trade Names: Excel P-40S Trade Names Containing: Excel 122V; Excel 200 Glyceryl mono/distearate-palmitate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for foods, margarine, baking fats, shortening, caramel, pasta Glyceryl 1-mono-12-hydroxy-cis-9octadecenoate. See Glyceryl ricinoleate Glyceryl monoisostearate. See Glyceryl isostearate Glyceryl monolaurate. See Glyceryl laurate Glyceryl monomyristate. See Glyceryl myristate Glyceryl monooleate. See Glyceryl oleate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Glyceryl monopalmitate. See Glyceryl palmitate Glyceryl monoricinoleate; Glyceryl 1monoricinoleate. See Glyceryl ricinoleate Glyceryl monorosinate. See Glyceryl rosinate Glyceryl mono shortening Synonyms: Glycerol shortening; Glyceryl shortening Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, antistaling agent, antisticking agent, emulsion stabilizer in foods, shortenings, cakes, icings, bread, dairy mixes Glyceryl mono soya oil; Glyceryl monosoyate. See Soy glyceride Glyceryl monostearate. See Glyceryl stearate Glyceryl monostearate SE. See Glyceryl stearate SE Glyceryl monotristearate. See Tristearin Glyceryl monoundecylenate. See Glyceryl undecylenate Glyceryl myristate CAS 589-68-4; 27214-38-6; EINECS/ELINCS 248-329-0 Synonyms: Glyceryl monomyristate; Monomyristin; Tetradecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol Definition: Monoester of glycerin and myristic acid Empirical: C17H34O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)12COOCH2COHHCH2OH Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Trade Names: Thomil G Glyceryl oleate CAS 111-03-5; 25496-72-4 (generic); 37220-829; 68424-61-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 203-827-7; 247-038-6; 253-407-2 FEMA 2526 Synonyms: Glycerin monoleate; Glycerol monoleate; Glycerol monooleate; Glycerol oleate; Glyceryl monooleate; Monoglyceryl oleate; Monoolein; Monooleoylglycerol; 9Octadecenoic acid, monoester with 1,2,31311

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference propanetriol; Oleic acid glycerol monoester; Oleic acid monoglyceride; Oleoylglycerol; Oleyl monoglyceride Definition: Monoester of glycerin and oleic acid Empirical: C21H40O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CHOHOOCH2CCH2O H Properties: Yel. oil or soft solid; insol. in water; somewhat sol. in alcohol, most org. solvs.; m.w. 356.55; dens. 0.940-0.960; m.p. 149-19 C; HLB 3.4; acid no. 3 max.; iodine no. 65-80; sapon. no. 166-174; Nonionic Toxicology: Skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Direct food additive; flavoring agent, adjuvant, solvent, vehicle, defoamer, dispersant, emulsifier, plasticizer for foods (coffee whiteners, baking mixes, beverages, chewing gum, meat prods., pkg. materials, veg. oil); plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.210, 177.2800, 181.22, 181.27, 184.1323, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Accurate Chem. & Scientific http://www.accuratechemical.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Dover http://www.doverchem.com; Dr. W. Kolb AG Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.kolb.ch; Evonik Goldschmidt; Fallek Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Venus Ethoxyethers http://www.venus-goa.com Trade Names: Aldo® HMO; Aldo® MO KFG; Atsurf® 596K; Capmul® GMO; Capmul® GMO-50, EP/NF Cithrol GMO N/E; Crossential® GMO; DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher; Excel O-95F; Excel O-95R Glicepol 180; Lumulse® GMO K; MGO; Mazol® 300 K; Mazol® GMO K Monomuls® 90 O18 PH; Myverol® 18-99; Nofable GO-901; Nofable GO-901P; Nofable GO-991 Nofable GO-991H; Nofable GO-991P; Pationic® 907; Pationic® 1061; Radiamuls MG 2152 Tilol GP-O Trade Names Containing: AFC OWS 550; AFC WOS 550; Aldo® HMO PG KFG; Aldo® MO PG KFG; Arlacel® 186 Avox™ 20A; Lemalta Flavor®; Oxynex® 2004; Oxynex® LM; Tenox® 6

1312

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Tenox® 7; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 21; Tenox® 25; Tenox® 26 Glyceryl oleate SE CAS 111-03-5; 25496-72-4 (generic) FEMA 2526 Synonyms: Monoolein; Oleyl monoglyceride Definition: Self-emulsifying grade of glyceryl oleate that contains some sodium and/or potassium oleate Empirical: C21H40O4 Properties: M.w. 356.61 Toxicology: Primary irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, and antistat in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Glyceryl palmitate CAS 26657-96-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-887-2 Synonyms: Glyceryl monopalmitate; Hexadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester; Hexadecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol Empirical: C19H38O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)14COOCH2CHOHCH2OH Properties: Nonionic Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA approved for rectals, topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Glyceryl palmitate lactate CAS 1338-09-6 Synonyms: Glyceryl lactopalmitate; Glyceryl lactyl palmitate Definition: Lactic acid ester of glyceryl palmitate Empirical: C22H42O6 Properties: Nonionic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, plasticizer in foods, cakes, rendered animal fats, whipped toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.852; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Glyceryl palmitate/stearate CAS 8067-32-1 Synonyms: Glyceryl palmitostearate; Glyceryl stearate palmitate Classification: Triester Definition: Monoester of glycerin and a blend of palmitic and stearic acids Empirical: C63H116O12 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, formulation aid in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 177.2800, 184.1329, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com Glyceryl palmitostearate. See Glyceryl palmitate/stearate Glyceryl ricinoleate CAS 141-08-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-455-0 Synonyms: Glycerol monoricinoleate; Glycerol 1-monoricinoleate; Glycerol ricinoleate; Glyceryl 1-mono-12-hydroxycis-9-octadecenoate; Glyceryl monoricinoleate; Glyceryl 1monoricinoleate; GMRO; 12-Hydroxy-9octadecenoic acid 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester; 12-Hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol; Monoricinolein; α-Monoricinolein Classification: Fatty acid ester Definition: Monoester of glycerin and ricinoleic acid Empirical: C21H40O5 Formula: C3H5(OOCC16H32OH)3 Properties: Lt. yel. oily liq.; sol. in ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, cottonseed oil, ethyl acetate; sl. sol. in methanol; insol. in water, min. oil, aliphatic hydrocarbons; m.w. 372.55; dens. 1.028 (20 C); m.p. < -5 C; cloud pt. -10 C; HLB 2.1; flash pt. (COC) 265 C; ref. index 1313

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1.470; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 25 ml/kg; low oral toxicity; ing. of lg. amts. may cause nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea; unlikely to cause skin irritation; inh. may cause sl. nose/throat irritation; exposure to vapors unlikely to occur; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid generating mist; incompat. with acids and bases; decomp. (hydrolysis) can occur Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store away from heat and ignition sources in suitable containers, protected from damage Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.170, 176.210, 178.3130; FDA approved for orals, topicals Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com Trade Names: Lumulse® GMR K Glyceryl ricinoleate SE Synonyms: Glyceryl triricinoleate SE Properties: Anionic Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, and antistat in foods Glyceryl rosinate CAS 8050-31-5; 977035-48-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-482-5 INS915 Synonyms: Glycerol ester of rosin; Glycerol ester of wood rosin; Glyceryl monorosinate; Rosin, glyceryl ester; Rosin, gum, glycerol ester; Rosin gum, glyceryl ester Classification: Thermoplastic resin gum Definition: Monoester of glycerin and mixed long chain acids derived from rosin Properties: Drop soften. pt. 88-96 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fumes Uses: Glazing agent in foods; clouding agent in beverages; adjusts density of citrus oils in beverages; adjuvant, processing aid in food processing; plasticizer in chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 172.735, limitation 100 ppm in finished beverage, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 178.3120, 178.3800, 178.3870; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk Trade Names: Ester Gum 8D-SP; Ester Gum 10D; Hercules® Ester Gum 8BG; Silvergum® RE 85K Trade Names Containing: Ester Gum 8D Glyceryl shortening. See Glyceryl mono shortening Glyceryl soyate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, plasticizer, homogenizer, antifoam, rehydrator, anticaking agent in foods Glyceryl stearate CAS 123-94-4 (pure grade); 11099-07-3 (crude grade); 31566-31-1 (generic); 85666-92-8 (generic); 85251-77-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204664-4; 234-325-6; 250-705-4; 286-490-9 FEMA 2527; INS471 Synonyms: 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl octadecanoate; Glycerin monostearate; Glycerol monostearate; Glycerol stearate; Glyceryl monostearate; GMS; Monostearin; Octadecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol octadecanoate; Stearic acid, monoester with glycerol; Stearic monoglyceride Classification: Aliphatic carboxylic acid ester Definition: Monoester of glycerin and stearic acid Empirical: C21H42O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOCH2COHHCH2OH Properties: Wh. to cream wax-like flakes, sl. fatty odor and taste; sol. in hot org. solvs.; insol. in water, ethanol, glycerin, propylene glycol; disp. in min. oil; m.w. 358.57; sp.gr. 0.97; m.p. 56-59 C; b.p. 238-240 C; HLB 3.8; acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 162-175; hyd. no. 300-330; flash pt. (OC) 230 C; pH 9.3 (3%); Nonionic Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/3 (stearates); LD50 (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by IP route; TSCA listed 1314

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Combustible dust; incompat. with oxidizing materials (increased risk of fire and explosion) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from heat/ignition sources; light-sensitive Uses: Food additive; emulsifier, coating agent, lubricant, solvent, texturizer, thickener, antisticking agent, antistaling agent in foods, baked goods, cake shortening, desserts, fruits, ice cream, nuts, peanut butter, puddings, shortening, whipped toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §139.110, 139.115, 139.117, 139.120, 139.121, 139.122, 139.125, 139.135, 139.138, 139.140, 139.150, 139.155, 139.160, 139.165, 139.180, 175.105, 175.210, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2800, 184.1324, GRAS; Canada DSL; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed; FDA approved for orals, ophthalmics, otics, rectals, topicals; USP/NF, BP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Cognis http://www.cognis.de; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Dr. W. Kolb AG http://www.kolb.ch; Eastman Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.eastman.com; Eigenmann & Veronelli http://www.eigver.it Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Evonik Goldschmidt; Fallek; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/ Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; GivaudanQuest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Inolex http://www.inolex.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com Lanaetex Prods.; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Nordmann Rassmann GmbH http://www.nrc.de/; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whiting-chemicals.co.uk Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; Seppic http://www.seppic.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz; Unipex http://www.unipex.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Van Den Burg

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Eiprodukten BV; Venus Ethoxyethers http://www.venus-goa.com Trade Names: Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS KFG; Aldo® MS LG FG; Aldo® MS LG KFG; Atlas® 1500 Atmos® 150; Capmul® GMS-50; Chemstat® G-118/52; Chemstat® G-118/95; Cithrol GMS 0400 Cithrol GMS N/E; DREWMULSE® 200K; Emalex GMS-B; Emalex GMS-F; Excel T-95 Excel T-95 Powder; Geleol®; Glicepol 160; GMS 400V; Imwitor® 191 Imwitor® 491; Imwitor® 900; Imwitor® 900 K; Lipo GMS 450; Lonzest® GMS-C Lonzest® GMS-D; Lonzest® GMS-LG; Lonzest® GMS-TECH; Lonzest® MSA; Lumulse® GMS K Mazol® GMS-K; MGS-BMV; MGS-AV; MGSF20V; MGS-F40V MGS-F50; MGS-F75V; Monestriol GP; Monestriol GP-40-DC; Pationic® 900 Pationic® 901; Pationic® 909; Pationic® 1042; Pationic® 1042K; Pationic® 1042KB Pationic® 1052; Pationic® 1052K; Pationic® 1052KB; Radiamuls MG 2143; Radiamuls MG 2900 Softenol® 3945; Softenol® 3995 Trade Names Containing: Aldo® MS LG; Aldo® MSD KFG; Aldosperse® 40/60; Aldosperse® 40/60 KFG; Aldosperse® MS BO KFG Aldosperse® O-20; Aldosperse® O-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS-20; Aldosperse® TS-20 FG; Aldosperse® TS-40 Aldosperse® TS-40 FG; Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG; Excel P-40; Gelcarin® XP 3337; Ice # 2 MGS-TGL; MGS-TGV; MGS-DEXV; Myvatex® 3-50K; Myverol 18-06PK Oxynex® 2004; Oxynex® LM; Tally® 100 Plus Glyceryl stearate citrate CAS 39175-72-9; 58840-13-6; 86418-55-5; EINECS/ELINCS 259-855-5 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3propanetricarboxylic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol monooctadecanoate; 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol monooctadecanoate; Stearyl glyceridyl citrate; Stearyl monoglyceridyl citrate Definition: Citric acid ester of glyceryl stearate Empirical: C27H48O10 Properties: Off-wh. to tan soft waxy solid, pract. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

tasteless; sol. in chloroform, ethylene glycol; insol. in water; acid no. 40-52; sapon. no. 215255; anionic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, consistency agent, solubilizer for foods; emulsion stabilizer in or with shortenings containing emulsifiers, in margarine, oleomargarine Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.755, 172.860; USDA 9 CFR §318.7 Trade Names: Imwitor® 370 Glyceryl stearate lactate CAS 12338-10-9; EINECS/ELINCS 215-659-1 Synonyms: Glyceryl lactostearate; Octadecanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3propanetriol 2-hydroxypropanoate Definition: Lactic acid ester of glyceryl stearate Empirical: C24H46O6 Properties: Nonionic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier for foods, cake mixes, chocolate coatings, rendered animal fats, shortening, whipped vegetable toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.170; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147 Glyceryl stearate palmitate. See Glyceryl palmitate/stearate Glyceryl stearate SE CAS 31566-31-1 (generic); 11099-07-3; 8566692-8 (generic); 977053-96-5; EINECS/ELINCS 234-325-6; 286-490-9 Synonyms: Glyceryl monostearate SE; GMSSE Definition: Self-emulsifying grade of glyceryl stearate contg. some sodium and/or potassium stearate Empirical: C21H42O4 Properties: Wh. to cream flakes; sol. in oleyl alcohol; partly sol. in water, veg. oil, ethanol, propylene glycol; m.w. 358.63; m.p. 57-59 C; HLB 11.0; sapon. no. 150-160; anionic Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Thickener, emulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, flavoring agent in margarine, shortening, and baking prods. Regulatory: FDA approved for topicals; Canada 1316

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Trade Names: Cithrol GMS S/E; GMS 402V; Imwitor® 960; Lipo GMS 470; MGS-150V MGS-F50SE; MGS-BSEV; MGS-ASE; Radiamuls MG 2141 Trade Names Containing: Cithrol GMS A/S; Imwitor® 960K; MGS-DEXV; Proxan® SG 25 Glyceryl triacetate. See Triacetin Glyceryl tribehenate. See Tribehenin Glyceryl tribenzoate CAS 614-33-5; EINECS/ELINCS 210-379-6 FEMA 3398 Synonyms: GTB; 1,2,3-Propanetriol tribenzoate; Tribenzoin (INCI) Definition: Benzoic acid triester with glycerin Empirical: C24H20O6 Properties: Colorless liq.; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 404.44; dens. 1.032; m.p. < -75 C; b.p. 305-309 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 11,700 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Unitex http://www.unitexchemical.com; Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com Glyceryl tributyrate. See Tributyrin Glyceryl tricaprate. See Tricaprin Glyceryl tricaprylate. See Tricaprylin Glyceryl tricaprylate/caprate. See Caprylic/capric triglyceride Glyceryl tridecanoate. See Tricaprin Glyceryl tridocosanoate. See Tribehenin Glyceryl tridodecanoate. See Trilaurin Glyceryl trienanthate CAS 620-67-7; EINECS/ELINCS 210-647-2 Synonyms: Glycerol triheptanoate; 1,2,3Trienanthoylglycerol; Triheptanoin; Trioenanthin Formula: [CH3(CH2)5COOCH2]2CHOCO(CH2)5CH3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Tracer oil for butter; release agent for conveyor belts in processing of sweets Trade Names: Special Oil 107 Glyceryl tri (2-ethylhexanoate). See Trioctanoin Glyceryl triheptanoate CAS 620-67-7; EINECS/ELINCS 210-647-2 Synonyms: Glycerol triheptanoate; Heptanoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester; Propane-1, 2, 3- triyl trisheptanoate; Triheptanoin Empirical: C24H44O6 Formula: [CH3(CH2)5COOCH2]2CHOCO(CH2)5CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sp. gr. 0.97 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) > 2000 mg/kg Precaution: Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents Uses: Plasticizer, solubilizer in foods Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Glyceryl trilaurate. See Trilaurin Glyceryl trimyristate. See Trimyristin Glyceryl trioctanoate. See Trioctanoin Glyceryl trioleate. See Triolein Glyceryl tripalmitate. See Tripalmitin Glyceryl tripropanoate. See Glyceryl tripropionate Glyceryl tripropionate CAS 139-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-365-1 FEMA 3286 Synonyms: Glycerol tripropionate; Glyceryl tripropanoate; Tripropionin Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C12H20O6 Formula: C3H5(OCOC2H5)3 Properties: Solid; sol. in alcohol, 0.313% in water; m.w. 260.32; dens. 1.078 (20 C); f.p. < 50 C; b.p. 177-182 C (20 mm); ref. index 1.4340 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 840 mg/kg; TSCA listed NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Chemial SpA http://www.chemial.com; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Glyceryl triricinoleate SE. See Glyceryl ricinoleate SE 1317

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Glyceryl tristearate. See Tristearin Glyceryl triundecanoate. See Triundecanoin Glyceryl undecylenate Synonyms: Glyceryl monoundecylenate; Undecylenic acid, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol Definition: Ester of glycerin and undecylenic acid Empirical: C14H26O4 Formula: CH2OHCH2OCH2OCO(CH2)8CHCH2 Uses: Ingred. in food Trade Names: MGU Glycine CAS 56-40-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-272-2 FEMA 3287; INS640; E640 Synonyms: Aminoacetic acid; Gly; Glycocoll; Glycolixir Classification: Aliphatic organic compd.; amino acid Empirical: C2H5NO2 Formula: H2NCH2COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless, sweet taste; sol. in water; very sl. sol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 75.08; dens. 1.1607; m.p. 232-236 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7930 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 5200 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 2600 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 4450 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Buffer, flavor enhancer, sweetener, stabilizer, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, beverages, rendered fats; retards rancidity in animal and vegetable fats; reduces bitter taste of saccharin; chickenfeed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.50, GRAS for animal feed (582.5049), 172.320, limitation 3.5%, 172.812, 0.2% in finished beverage; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 0.01% in rendered animal fat; Japan approved; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; FDA approved for injectables (IM, IV, SC), orals, rectals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; B.I. Chems.; Bachem http://bachem.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chattem http://www.chattemchemicals.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/ Hamari Chems. http://www.hamarichemicals.com; Hampshire; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Interchem http://www.interchem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods.

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Glycine betaine. See Betaine Glycine, dodecyldimethylbetaine. See Lauryl betaine Glycine, N,N´-1,2-ethanediylbis[N(carboxymethyl)-, disodium salt dihydrate. See Disodium EDTA Glycine, monosodium salt; Glycine, sodium salt; Glycine, sodium salt hydrate. See Sodium glycinate Glycine soja; Glycine soja oil; Glycine soja (soybean) lipids. See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Glycine soya protein. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Glycinol. See Ethanolamine Glycocoll. See Sodium glycinate; Glycine Glycocoll betaine. See Betaine Glycogenase. See Amylase Glycogenic acid. See D-Gluconic acid Glycol/butylene glycol montanate CAS 73138-45-1 Synonyms: Fatty acids, montan-wax, mixed diesters with 1,2-propanediol and 1,3butanediol Definition: Mixt. of diesters of montan acid wax with ethylene glycol and butylene glycol Uses: Wax for emulsions for citrus fruit coating Regulatory: Canada DSL Glycol butyl ether. See Butoxyethanol Glycol dichloride. See Ethylene dichloride Glycol distearate CAS 627-83-8; 91031-31-1; EINECS/ELINCS 211-014-3 Synonyms: EGDS; Ethylene glycol distearate; Octadecanoic acid, 1,2-ethanediyl ester Definition: Diester of ethylene glycol and stearic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C38H74O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOCH2CH2OCO(CH2)16CH3 Properties: Wh. to yel. powd.; m.w. 595.00; dens. 0.97; m.p. 60 C; HLB 1.6; flash pt. (COC) 171 C; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Diluent in food colorants (egg shell colorants) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 176.210; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Cedar Concepts http://www.cedarconcepts.net/; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Inolex http://www.inolex.com Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Glycol ether EE; Glycol ethyl ether. See Ethoxyethanol Glycolic acid, butyl ester, butyl phthalate. See n-Butyl phthalyl-n-butyl glycolate Glycolic acid phenyl ether. See Phenoxyacetic acid Glycolic acid, phthalate, dibutyl ester. See nButyl phthalyl-n-butyl glycolate Glycolixir. See Glycine Glycollic acid phenyl ether. See Phenoxyacetic acid Glycol monobutyl ether. See Butoxyethanol Glycol monoethyl ether. See Ethoxyethanol Glycol monomethyl ether. See Methoxyethanol Glycol monostearate. See Glycol stearate Glycols, polyethylene, mono-9-octadecenyl ether, (Z)-. See Oleth Glycols, polyethylene, monostearate. See PEG stearate Glycol stearate CAS 111-60-4; 9004-99-3 (generic); 97281-23-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-886-9; 306-522-8 Synonyms: EGMS; Ethylene glycol monostearate; Ethylene glycol stearate; Glycol monostearate; 2-Hydroxyethyl ester stearic acid; 2-Hydroxyethyl octadecanoate; 2-Hydroxyethyl stearate; Octadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl ester; PEG-1 stearate; POE (1) stearic acid; Stearic acid, 1319

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference monoester with ethylene glycol Definition: Ester of ethylene glycol and stearic acid Empirical: C20H40O3 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOCH2CH2OH Properties: Wh. to yel. waxy solid; sol. in alcohol, hot ether, toluene, acetone; insol. in water, hexane; m.w. 328.60; dens. 0.96 (25 C); m.p. 55-60 C; b.p. 149 C; HLB 2.9; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by IP route; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com CoKEM Assoc.; Evonik Goldschmidt; Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lanaetex Prods.; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; McIntyre http://www.mcintyregroup.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix http://www.phoenix-chem.com/ Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names Containing: MGS-TGL Glyconic acid. See D-Gluconic acid Glyco stearin. See PEG-2 stearate Glycyl alcohol. See Glycerin Glycyl betaine. See Betaine Glycyron. See Glycyrrhizic acid Glycyrram. See Ammonium glycyrrhizate Glycyrrhetinic acid glycoside; Glycyrrhetinic cid glycoside. See Glycyrrhizic acid Glycyrrhiza extract. See Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract Glycyrrhiza glabra; Glycyrrhiza glabra extract; Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract. See Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract Glycyrrhizic acid CAS 1405-86-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-785-7 INS958 Synonyms: Glycyron; Glycyrrhetinic acid glycoside; Glycyrrhetinic cid glycoside; 18β-Glycyrrhizic acid; Glycyrrhizin; βGlycyrrhizin; Glycyrrhizinic acid Definition: Natural material extracted from Glycyrrhiza glabra; the active component of licorice Empirical: C42H62O16 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; strong sweet taste; sol. in hot water, alcohol; pract. insol. in ether; m.w. 823.04; m.p. 220 C Toxicology: LDL (oral, rat) 3 g/kg, (IP, rat) 2 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 300 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; human systemic effects by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Sweetener, flavor enhancer in foods, confectionery Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium 18-β-Glycyrrhizic acid. See Glycyrrhizic acid 1320

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Glycyrrhizic acid, ammonium salt; Glycyrrhizic acid, monoammonium salt. See Ammonium glycyrrhizate Glycyrrhizin; β-Glycyrrhizin. See Glycyrrhizic acid Glycyrrhizina. See Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract Glycyrrhizin, ammoniated. See Ammonium glycyrrhizate Glycyrrhizinic acid. See Glycyrrhizic acid Glycyrrhizinic acid disodium salt. See Disodium glycyrrhizinate Glyoxaline-5-alanine. See L-Histidine Glyoxaline-5-alanine monohydrochloride. See Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate GMP. See Guanylic acid; Disodium guanylate 5´-GMP. See Guanylic acid GMP disodium salt; GMP sodium salt. See Disodium guanylate GMRO. See Glyceryl ricinoleate GMS. See Glyceryl stearate GMS-SE. See Glyceryl stearate SE Gold CAS 7440-57-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-165-9 INS175; E175 Synonyms: CI 77480; Colloidal gold; Gold flake; Gold leaf; Gold powder; Pigment metal 3 Classification: Metallic element Empirical: Au Properties: Yel. soft metal; sol. in aqua regia; insol. in acids; a.w. 196.9665; dens. 19.3; m.p. 1063 C; b.p. 2800 C; high light, infrared, and heat reflectivity Toxicology: LDLo (IV, rat) 58 mg/kg; poison by IV route; metallic gold may cause hypersensitivity reactions; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Chemically nonreactive; attacked by chlorine and cyanide sol'ns. in presence of oxygen; tarnished by sulfur; can form explosive compds. with NH3, NH4OH + aqua regia, H2O2; incompat. with chlorides, bromides, iodides, some oxidants Uses: Colorant in food and liqueurs, external coating of confectionery, chocolates (EC) Regulatory: UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Evonik Degussa Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Gold bronze. See Copper Gold flake; Gold leaf; Gold powder. See Gold Gomenoleo oil. See Olive (Olea europaea) oil Gossypium. See Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil G-5´-P. See Disodium guanylate Graham's salt. See Sodium metaphosphate; Sodium hexametaphosphate Grain alcohol. See Alcohol Grains of paradise. See Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) Granulated sugar. See Sucrose Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) extract CAS 90045-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 289-904-6 Synonyms: Citrus decumana extract; Citrus grandis; Citrus grandis extract; Citrus paradisi; Citrus paradisi extract; Grapefruit extract; Grapefruit oil; Shaddock extract Definition: Extract of the fruit of the grapefruit, Citrus grandis or C. paradisi Uses: Natural flavoring agent in fruit beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) juice CAS 977038-26-8 Synonyms: Citrus grandis; Citrus grandis juice; Grapefruit juice Definition: Liq. expressed from the fresh pulp of the grapefruit, Citrus grandis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil CAS 8016-20-4 UN 2319; FEMA 2530 Synonyms: Citrus grandis oil; Citrus paradisi peel oil; Grapefruit oil; Shaddock oil Definition: Volatile oil from the fresh peel of Citrus grandis or. C. paradisi 1321

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Yel. liq.; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin; sp.gr. 0.851-0.859; flash pt. (CC) 44 C; ref. index 1.475-1.478 Toxicology: TDLo (skin, mouse, 33 wks intermittent) 280 g/kg; skin irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed, no restrictions; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Cold Pressed Grapefruit Oil Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) seed extract CAS 90045-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 289-904-6 Synonyms: Citrus grandis seed extract; Citrus paradisi seed extract; Grapefruit seed extract Definition: Extract of the seeds of the grapefruit, Citrus grandis or C. paradisi Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; USA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

not restricted Manuf./Distrib.: Arrow http://www.arrowchemical.com; B&D Nutritional Ingreds. http://www.bndni.com; CPB Int'l. http://www.cpbweb.com; Cargill BioActives http://www.cargillbioactives.com/bioactives /html/e/home.htm; Freeman Ind. http://www.freemanllc.com G.C.I. Nutrients http://www.gcinutrients.com/; MMP http://www.mmpinc.com; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Mini Star Int'l. http://www.ministar.com Motherland Herb-Pharm http://www.motherlandusa.com/; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Pharmline http://www.pharmlineinc.com; Seltzer http://www.seltzeringredients.com/; Starwest Botanicals http://www.starwestherb.com Stauber Perf. Ingreds. http://www.stauberusa.com; Uckele Health & Nutrition http://www.uckele.com Grapefruit extract. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) extract Grapefruit juice. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) juice Grapefruit oil. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) extract; Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil Grapefruit oil terpenes CAS 68917-32-8 UN 2319 Synonyms: Terpenes and terpenoids, grapefruit-oil Properties: Cl., colorless liq.; grapefruit peel odor; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol with turbidity; sp.gr. 0.832-0.852; flash pt. 41 C; ref. index 1.470-1.474 Precaution: Flamm. liq. Storage: 18 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Flavoring agent, aroma additive for foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex 1322

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com Trade Names: Grapefruit Terpenes Grapefruit seed extract. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) seed extract Grape skin extract CAS 11029-12-2 INS163(ii) Synonyms: Enocianina; Enocyanin Classification: Anthocyanin Definition: From aq. extraction of fresh deseeded marc remaining after grapes are pressed to produce wine or juice; contains anthocyanins, tartaric acid, tannins, sugars, minerals Properties: Deep purple; sol. in water Uses: Colorant for still and carbonated beverages, ales, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.169, 73.170; Japan restricted; not permitted in food (EU); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Natra US http://www.natraus.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/ RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Sensient Pharm. Tech. http://www.sensient-tech.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com Grape sugar. See Glucose Graphite. See Carbon, activated Grass pollen secale cereale. See Rye (Secale cereale) flour Gray acetate. See Calcium acetate Grecian laurel extract. See Laurel (Laurus Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nobilis) extract Green chlorophyl. See Chlorophyll Green tea extract. See Camellia oleifera extract; Camellia sinensis extract Green vitriol. See Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Ferrous sulfate anhydrous Griselimycine. See Musk ambrette Groundnut oil. See Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil GSPC. See Glucosamine sulfate potassium GTB. See Glyceryl tribenzoate Guaiac. See Guaiac gum Guaiac extract. See Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) extract Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) extract CAS 84650-13-5; EINECS/ELINCS 283-494-2 FEMA 2531, 2533 Synonyms: Guaiac extract; Guaiac gum extract; Guaiacum; Guaiacum officinale; Guaiacum officinale extract; Guaiacum officinalis extract; Guaiac wood extract Definition: Extract of wood of the guaiacum tree, Guaiacum officinale Properties: Pleasant rose-like odor Uses: Antioxidant, natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil CAS 8016-23-7 FEMA 2534 Synonyms: Bulnesia sarmienti oil; Champacawood oil; Guaiacum officinale; Guaiacum officinale wood oil; Guaiacum spp. oil; Guaiac wood oil Definition: Oil derived from Guaiacum officinale Properties: Yel.-brn. solid or paste; dry woody spicey sweet pepper odor; sol. in oil and org. solvents; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.960; m.p. 4050 C; flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.502 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; skin irritant; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid raising dust; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, 1323

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Guaiac gum CAS 9000-29-7 INS241 Synonyms: Guaiac; Guaiacum; Gum guaiac; Gum guaiacum; Resin guaiac Definition: Resin from wood of Guaiacum officinale or G. santum Properties: Brn. or greenish-brn. lumps.; balsamic odor; sl. acrid taste; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, acetone, caustic soda, creosote, alkalis; sl. sol. in benzene, carbon disulfide; insol. in water; m.p. 85-90 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) > 2 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing. Precaution: Wear splash goggles, dust respirator, gloves, and lab coat; may be combustible at high temps. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Flavoring agent, preservative in foods; antioxidant migrating from food pkg.; gellant in cheeses, low-sugar jams; chewing gum base (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.1010, 181.24 (0.005% migrating from food pkg.); Japan approved (1.0 g/kg max.); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Guaiac gum extract. See Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) extract Guaiacol CAS 90-05-1; EINECS/ELINCS 201-964-7 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 2532 Synonyms: Guaicol; 2-Hydroxyanisole; oHydroxyanisole; 1-Hydroxy-2methoxybenzene; 2-Methoxyphenol; oMethoxyphenol; Methylcatechol; oMethylcatechol; Pyrocatechol methyl ether; Pyroguaiac acid Classification: Aromatic organic compd. Definition: Obtained from hardwood tar Empirical: C7H8O2 Formula: OHC6H4OCH3 Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. cryst. or colorless to ylsh. liq., char. odor; discolored by light and air; sol. (1 g/ml): 60-70 ml water, 1 ml glycerin; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether, oils, glac. acetic acid, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; m.w. 124.14; dens. 1.129 (cryst.), 1.112 (liq.); m.p. 26-29 C; b.p. 204-206 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 725 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 170 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4600 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mildly toxic by skin contact., inh.; human poison by ing.; eye and severe skin irritant; ing. causes irritation of intestinal tract and heart failure; penetrates the skin; when applied to mucous membranes, produces pain, burning, and then loss of sensitivity; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. 1324

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Ube Ind. http://www.ubeind.co.jp/japanese/index.htm Guaiacol acetate. See Guaiacyl acetate Guaiacol phenylacetate. See Guaiacyl phenylacetate Guaiacum. See Guaiac gum; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) extract Guaiacum officinale; Guaiacum officinale extract. See Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) extract Guaiacum officinale wood oil. See Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil Guaiacum officinalis extract. See Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) extract Guaiacum spp. oil. See Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil Guaiacwood acetate. See Guaiol acetate Guaiac wood extract. See Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) extract Guaiac wood oil. See Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil Guaiacyl acetate CAS 613-70-7; EINECS/ELINCS 210-350-8 FEMA 3687 Synonyms: Acetyl guaiacol; o-Acetyl guaiacol; Guaiacol acetate; 2-Methoxyphenyl acetate; o-Methoxyphenyl acetate Empirical: C9H10O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; smoky taste; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 166.18; sp. gr. 1.156; b.p. 235-240 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5140 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages, maple, coffee Features: Woody, musty, walnut flavor and fragrance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; R.C. Treatt & Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Guaiacyl phenylacetate CAS 4112-89-4; EINECS/ELINCS 223-898-8 FEMA 2535 Synonyms: Guaiacol phenylacetate; 2Methoxyphenyl phenylacetate; oMethoxyphenyl phenylacetate Empirical: C15H14O3 Properties: Amber visc. liq. or off-wh. solid; woody herbaceous spicy medicinal odor; spicy flavor; sol. in alcohol, most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 242.28 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; defats skin; ing. may cause stomach pain, vomiting Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep container tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Guaiacylpropane. See Dihydroeugenol 1(5),7(11)-Guaiadiene. See Guaiene Guaicol. See Guaiacol Guaiene CAS 88-84-6; 92724-67-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201860-1 Synonyms: 1,4-Dimethyl-7-isopropenyl[GD]9,10-octahydroazulene; 2,8-Dimethyl-5isopropylidene-bicyclo [5.3.0] dec-1(7)-ene; 1(5),7(11)-Guaiadiene; β-Guaiene; (1S-cis)1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydro-7-isopropylidene1,4-dimethylazulene Empirical: C15H24 Properties: Greenish-yel. mobile liq., sl. delicate woody odor; sol. in alcohol Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Penta Mfg. 1325

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com β-Guaiene. See Guaiene Guaiol acetate CAS 134-28-1; EINECS/ELINCS 205-135-0 Synonyms: 1,4-Dimethyl-7-(αhydroxyisopropyl)-[GD]9,10octahydroazulene acetate; Guaiacwood acetate; Guaiyl acetate Empirical: C17H28O2 Properties: Ylsh. liq.; woody odor; m.w. 264.41; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.487-1.495 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Guaiyl acetate. See Guaiol acetate Guanidine monophosphate; Guanidylic acid. See Guanylic acid Guaniol. See Geraniol Guanosine 5´-disodium phosphate. See Disodium guanylate Guanosine monophosphate; Guanosine 5´monophosphate. See Guanylic acid Guanosine monophosphate disodium salt; Guanosine 5´-monophosphate disodium salt. See Disodium guanylate Guanosine 5´-monophosphoric acid; Guanosine 5´-phosphate; Guanosine phosphoric acid; 5´Guanylate monophosphate. See Guanylic acid Guanylic acid CAS 85-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-598-8 INS626; E626 Synonyms: GMP; 5´-GMP; Guanidine monophosphate; Guanidylic acid; Guanosine monophosphate; Guanosine 5´monophosphate; Guanosine 5´monophosphoric acid; Guanosine 5´phosphate; Guanosine phosphoric acid; 5´Guanylate monophosphate; 5´-Guanylic acid Empirical: C10H14N5O8P Properties: Sol. in cold water; freely sol. in hot water; m.w. 363.26 Toxicology: LDLo (IP, mouse) 1500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorption; may cause eye/skin irritation; mutagen; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of CO, CO2, NOx, POx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Keep under argon; sensitive to humidity; refrigerate; store at 4 C; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavor enhancer in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 5´-Guanylic acid. See Guanylic acid Guanylic acid sodium salt. See Disodium guanylate Guar; Guaran. See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Guarana extract; Guarana gum. See Guarana (Paullinia cupana) gum Guarana (Paullinia cupana) gum CAS 84929-28-2; EINECS/ELINCS 284-512-1 FEMA 2536 Synonyms: Guarana extract; Guarana gum; Paullinia cupana; Paullinia cupana extract; Paullinia cupana gum Definition: Derived from Paullinia cupana Properties: Solid Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract Precaution: Avoid raising dust; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Guaranine. See Caffeine Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum CAS 9000-30-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-536-8 FEMA 2537; INS412; E412 Synonyms: Cyanopsis gum; Cyanopsis 1326

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference tetragonoloba; Cyanopsis tetragonoloba gum; Galactasol; Guar; Guaran; Guar flour; Gum cyanopsis; Gum guar; Jaguar gum Classification: Nonaromatic alcohol Definition: Natural material derived from the ground endosperms of Cyamopsis tetragonolobus; consists of high m.w. hydrocolloidal polysaccharide composed of galactomannan units Properties: Ylsh.-wh. free-flowing powd.; aq. sol'ns. tasteless, odorless; sol. in hot or cold water; insol. in oil, greases, hydrocarbons, ketones, esters; m.w. ≈ 220,000 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8100 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; may cause contact dermatitis; tumorigen; mutagen; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Protective colloid, stabilizer, thickener, emulsifier, water binder, lubricant, firming agent, formulation aid, suspending agent, dietary bulking agent in foods; helps diabetics control blood sugar levels Features: 5-8 times the thickening power of starch Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.124, 133.133, 133.134, 133.162, 133.178, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 184.1339, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for buccals, orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; ADI not specified (WHO) Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AEP Colloids http://www.aepcolloids.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns. Akzo Nobel UK http://www.akzonobel.uk.com/; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alland & Robert http://www.allandetrobert.fr; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Arthur Branwell http://www.branwell.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com; Cesalpinia Food http://www.cesalpiniafood.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemcolloids Ltd http://www.chemcolloids.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk Colloides Naturels; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/ FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Gumix Int'l.; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Healan Ingreds. Ltd http://www.healan.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com; Hercules http://www.herc.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Lucid Colloids http://www.lucidgroup.com/; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sanofiaventis http://www.sanofi-aventis.us Sansho http://www.sansho.co.jp; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Tomen Am. http://www.tomenamerica.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Edicol®; Gempolym; Grindsted™ Guar; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV) Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225; Multi-Kem FG 30-40X; Multi-Kem FG 30-70 Multi-Kem FG 60-30; Multi-Kem FG 60-50; Multi-Kem FG 60-70; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; PROVIgel® DPG 1; PROVIgel® DPG 3; PROVIgel® DPG 5 PROVIgel® DPG 7; PROVIgel® DPG 9; PROVIgel® DPG 11; PROVIgel® EXG 01; PROVIgel® EXG 05 PROVIgel® EXG 10; PROVIgel® EXG 20; PROVIgel® EXG 40; PROVIgel® GSS 5; PROVIgel® GSS 6

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PROVIgel® GSS 7; PROVIgel® GSS 8; PROVIgel® GSS 9; PROVIgel® GSS 10; PROVIgel® GSS 11 PROVIgel® NAG 753; PROVIgel® NAG 755; PROVIgel® NAG 903; PROVIgel® NAG 905; Supercol® G2-S Supercol® G3-S; Supercol® GF; Supercol® U; TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® GuarNT 3500 F Powder TIC Pretested® GuarNT Bland 200 HV Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar 8/22 NF/FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland 200 HV Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland Fine Mesh Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Guar VLV Powd.; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd.; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Ice-200 Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticagel® PG-730 Powder TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Guar Gum 3500 F Powder; UltraGuar™ Trade Names Containing: Crodacreme Range; Doughmaker; Doughmaker 5; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Insta*Thick® G2X-10 Isagum® SB 35 N; Kelgum® 87; Kelgum® 100; Kelgum® 331; Kelgum® GFS Kelgum® XK9; Lactarin® XP 3410; Merecol® FA; Merecol® FAL; Merecol® GL Merecol® GX; Merecol® IC; Merecol® LK; Merecol® R; Merecol® RB Merecol® RCS; Merecol® SH; N-Flate™; Proxan® SG 22; Proxan® SG 23 Proxan® SG 25; TIC Pretested® Caragum 200; TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum XPGA/HV Powder; TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder; TIC Pretested® Guarcel 201 Powd. TIC Pretested® Guarcel 302 Powder; TIC Pretested® Guarcel 402 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder; Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 Guar flour. See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Guatemala lemongrass oil. See Lemongrass oil West Indian Guava. See Guava (Psidium guajava) Guava extract. See Guava (Psidium guajava) extract

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Guava (Psidium guajava) CAS 977050-90-0 Synonyms: Guava; Psidium guajava Definition: Material extracted from unripe fruit of Psidium guajava Properties: Strong, sweet musky odor Toxicology: TDLo (subcut., rat, 72 wks, intermittent) 10 g/kg; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Guava (Psidium guajava) extract CAS 90045-46-8; EINECS/ELINCS 289-907-2 Synonyms: Guava extract; Psidium guajava; Psidium guajava extract Definition: Extract of the guava, Psidium guajava Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Guignet's green. See Chromium hydroxide green Gulf red. See Iron oxide red Gulitol. See Sorbitol Gum Arabic. See Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; Acacia Gum Benjamin. See Gum benzoin Gum benzoin CAS 9000-05-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-523-7 FEMA 2133; INS906 Synonyms: Benzoin; Benzoin gum; Benzoin resin; Benzoin (Styrax benzoin) gum (INCI); Gum Benjamin; Gum benzoin Siam; Gum benzoin, sumatra; Gum Styrax benzoin; Gum sumatra; Resinoid benzoin; Siam benzoin; Styrax; Styrax benzoin; Styrax benzoin gum; Sumatra benzoin Definition: Balsamic resin obtained from various Styrax species Toxicology: No known toxicity; TSCA listed Uses: Natural flavoring agent, glazing agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum; chewing gum base (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Frutarom Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.frutarom.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Interchem http://www.interchem.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Wm. Bernstein Gum benzoin Siam; Gum benzoin, sumatra. See Gum benzoin Gum camphor. See Camphor Gum carrageenan. See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Gum cassia. See Cassia gum Gum copal. See Copal resin Gum cyanopsis. See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Gum Damar; Gum Dammar. See Dammar Gum dragon. See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum Gum elemi. See Elemi gum Gum gellan. See Gellan gum Gum ghatti CAS 9000-28-6 FEMA 2519; INS419 Synonyms: Anogeissus latifolia gum; Ghatti gum; Indian gum Classification: Water-soluble polysaccharide Definition: Gummy exudate from wounds in the bark of Anogeissus latifolia Properties: Colorless to pale yel. solid; almost odorless and tasteless; partly sol. in water; can be solubilized by autoclaving; insol. in 90% alcohol Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 17 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; can cause allergy Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, binder in foods, flavor oils, beverages, soft drinks, cake mixes, glazes, confectionery; natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice 1329

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference cream; thickener, stabilizer in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1333, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AEP Colloids http://www.aepcolloids.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com Trade Names: Granular Gum Ghatti #1; Powdered Gum Ghatti #1; Powdered Gum Ghatti G-1 Gum guaiac; Gum guaiacum. See Guaiac gum Gum guar. See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Gum hashab. See Acacia Gum karaya. See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum Gum lac. See Shellac Gum olibanum. See Olibanum Gum ovaline. See Acacia Gum rosin. See Rosin Gum sandarac. See Sandarac (Callitris quadrivalvis) gum Gum senegal. See Acacia Gum, Shorea Robusta. See Dammar Gum sterculia. See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum Gum storax. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) Gum Styrax benzoin; Gum sumatra. See Gum benzoin Gum tara. See Tara gum Gum thus. See Olibanum Gum tragacanth. See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum Gum turpentine. See Turpentine Gutens, wheat. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Gutta hang kang. See Gutta hang kang (Palaquium leiocarpum)

Definition: Palaquium leiocarpum Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.615 Gutta percha CAS 9000-32-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-537-3 Synonyms: trans-Polyisoprene Definition: Geometric isomer of natural rubber; purified, coagulated, milky exudate of various trees of the genus Palaguium Properties: Brn. to gray lumps or blocks, sl. char. odor; insol. in water; partly sol. in CS2, turpentine oil, hot alcohol, petrol. ether; 90% sol. in chloroform; m.p.100 C Precaution: On exposure to air and sunlight, absorbs oxygen and becomes brittle Storage: Protect from light; keep under water Uses: Natural chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.1210; Japan approved Gypsum. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Calcium sulfate Gypsum stone. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Haarlem oil. See Cade oil Halite. See Sodium chloride Halocarbon 113. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane Halocarbon C-318. See Octafluorocyclobutane Halon. See Dichlorodifluoromethane 2-HAP. See o-Hydroxyacetophenone Hard paraffin. See Paraffin Harlem oil. See Cade oil Hartshorn. See Ammonium carbonate Haw bark, black, extract. See Black haw (Viburnum prunifolium) bark extract Hazel (Corylus americana) nut oil Synonyms: Corylus americana; Corylus americana nut oil; Hazelnut oil Definition: Oil obtained from the nuts of the hazelnut tree, Corylus americana Uses: Natural food ingred. Manuf./Distrib.: Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com

Gutta hang kang (Palaquium leiocarpum) CAS 9007-97-0 Synonyms: Gutta hang kang; Palaquium leiocarpum

Hazel (Corylus avellana) nut oil CAS 84012-21-5; EINECS/ELINCS 281-667-7 Synonyms: Corylus avellana; Corylus avellana nut oil; Hazelnut oil Definition: Oil obtained from the nuts of the hazelnut tree, Corylus avellana Properties: Amber yel. oil; dens. 0.911-0.917; iodine no. 85-100; sapon. no. 189-196; ref. index 1.4615-1.4725

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Natural food ingred. Manuf./Distrib.: Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/ Hazelnut oil. See Hazel (Corylus americana) nut oil; Hazel (Corylus avellana) nut oil HCl. See Hydrochloric acid HEAR. See Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil Heavy mineral oil. See Mineral oil Heavy naphtha. See Naphtha Hector clay. See Hectorite Hectorite CAS 12173-47-6; EINECS/ELINCS 235-340-0 Synonyms: Hector clay; Hectorite clay Definition: One of the montmorillonite minerals that are the principal constituent of bentonite clay Formula: ≈ Na0.67(Mg,Li)6Si8O20(OH,F)4 Toxicology: No known toxicity to skin; dust can be irritating to respiratory tract Uses: Emulsifier, extender in foods Features: VOC-free Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Colloid http://www.colloid.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Elementis Spec. http://www.elementisspecialties.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/ Southern Clay Prods. http://www.scprod.com Hectorite clay. See Hectorite Hedeoma oil; Hedeoma pulegiodes; Hedeoma pulegiodes oil. See Pennyroyal (Hedeoma pulegiodes) oil HEDP; HEDPA. See Etidronic acid Helianthus annuus; Helianthus annuus oil. See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil Helichrysum italicum; Helichrysum italicum extract. See Everlasting (Helichrysum italicum) extract Helioptropyl isobutyrate. See Piperonyl isobutyrate Heliotropin. See Heliotropine Heliotropine CAS 120-57-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-409-7 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 2911 Synonyms: 1,3-Benzodioxole-5carboxaldehyde; 3,4-Benzodioxole-5carboxaldehyde; 3,4Dihydroxybenzaldehyde methylene ketal; Dioxymethyleneprotocatechuic aldehyde; Formaldehyde protechualdehyde-3,4-cyclic acetal; Heliotropin; 3,4-Methylene dihydroxybenzaldehyde; 3,4Methylenedioxybenzaldehyde; 3,4Methyleneprotocatechuic aldehyde; Piperonal; Piperonaldehyde; Piperonyl aldehyde; Protocatechuic aldehyde methylene ether Classification: Diazo dye; organic compd. Empirical: C8H6O3 Properties: Colorless lustrous cryst., floral heliotrope odor; very sol. in alcohol, ether; sol. in propylene glycol, fixed oils, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 150.14; vapor pressure 1 mm (87 C); m.p. 37 C; b.p. 263 C; flash pt. > 230 F; tenacity 36 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2700 mg/kg; LDLo (IP, rat) 1500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; can cause CNS depression; human skin irritant; may cause allergic skin reactions; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat, flame; reactive with oxidizers HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep in cool place; photosensitive; protect from light, heat Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods Features: Cherry and vanilla flavor Use Level: < 10% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for orals; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 5-514); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; 1331

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Heliotropin isobutyrate. See Piperonyl isobutyrate Heliotropyl acetate. See Piperonyl acetate Helium CAS 7440-59-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-168-5 UN 1046 (DOT); 1963 (DOT); INS939; E939 Classification: Noble element Empirical: He Properties: Colorless inert gas, odorless, tasteless; very sl. sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; at.wt. 4.0026; f.p. -272 C (25 atm); b.p. -269 C (1 atm); noncombustible Toxicology: Asphyxiant gas; avoid inhalation; TSCA listed Storage: Store away from heat Uses: Direct food additive; packing gas in foods; processing aid, propellant for foamed and sprayed food prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1355, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Praxair http://www.praxair.com; Voltaix http://www.voltaix.com Hemicellulase CAS 9025-56-3 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Enzyme for foods, feed, liquid food clarification; hydrolyzes coffee gums; enzyme in the extraction of essential oils and plant extracts Manuf./Distrib.: Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Hemlock needles and twigs CAS 8008-10-4 Synonyms: Tsuga; Tsuga needles and twigs Definition: Tsuga spp. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com Hemlock oil. See Spruce oil Hendecanal; Hendecanaldehyde. See Undecanal Hendecanoic acid. See Undecanoic acid Hendecanoic alcohol; 1-Hendecanol. See Undecyl alcohol 2-Hendecanone. See 2-Undecanone Hendecenal. See 10-Undecenal Hendecen-9-al. See 9-Undecenal 10-Hendecenoic acid. See Undecylenic acid 10-Hendecenyl acetate; 10-Hendecen-1-yl acetate. See Undecenyl acetate Hendecyl alcohol; n-Hendecylenic alcohol. See Undecyl alcohol Hendecylmethylketone. See 2-Tridecanone 10-Henedecenoic acid. See Undecylenic acid Hepacholine. See Choline chloride 1-Heptacosanol CAS 2004-39-9 Classification: Fatty alcohol Empirical: C27H56O Properties: M.w. 396.8; m.p. 141 C; b.p. 82 C Uses: Ingred. in health foods and dietary supplements Manuf./Distrib.: Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/ Trade Names Containing: Lesstanol™ Natural Policosanol 60 1-Heptadecanecarboxylic acid. See Stearic acid Heptadienal CAS 4313-03-5; EINECS/ELINCS 224-328-0 UN 2810; FEMA 3164 Synonyms: 2,4-Heptadienal; 2,4-Heptadien-1al; (2E,4E)-Hepta-2,4-dienal; (E,E)-2,4Heptadienal; (E,E)-2,4-Heptadien-1-al; trans2,trans-4 heptadienal; trans,trans-2,4Heptadienal; trans,trans-2,4-Heptadien-1-al Empirical: C7H10O Properties: Yel. liq.; pungent cinnamon fatty sweet fruity citrus melon odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 110.16; sp.gr. 0.8780.888; vapor pressure 0.6 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 84 C; flash pt. (CC) 65 C; ref. index 1.5311.537 920 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1.15 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 0.313 g/kg; toxic; poison; skin irritant; readily absorbed through skin; may 1332

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference be irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; harmful by ing., skin contact; may be harmful by inh.; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources, naked flame; refrigerate; keep tightly closed; can darken on storage Uses: Flavoring agent, mouthfeel enhancer in foods Regulatory: EINECS, AICS, China, Canada DSL, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ 2,4-Heptadienal; 2,4-Heptadien-1-al; (2E,4E)Hepta-2,4-dienal; (E,E)-2,4-Heptadienal; (E,E)2,4-Heptadien-1-al; trans-2,trans-4 heptadienal; trans,trans-2,4-Heptadienal; trans,trans-2,4-Heptadien-1-al. See Heptadienal 1,6-Heptadien-3-one. See Allyl α-ionone γ-Heptalactone CAS 105-21-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-279-9 FEMA 2539 Synonyms: Heptanolide-1,4; Heptan-4-olide; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Heptanolide-4,1; 4-Hydroxyheptanoic acid lactone; 4-Hydroxyheptanoic acid, γlactone; γ-Propiobutyrolactone Classification: Nonaromatic lactone Empirical: C7H12O2 Properties: Colorless sl. oily liq., sweet nut-like caramel odor; sol. in alcohol; misc. with fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 128.17; dens. 0.9971.004 (20 C); b.p. 61-62 C (2 mm); ref. index 1.4420 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Sequestrant, acidulant in foods; synthetic flavoring agent in beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet caramel, coconut-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Heptaldehyde; 1-Heptaldehyde; n-Heptaldehyde. See Heptanal Heptanal CAS 111-71-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-898-4 UN 3056 (DOT); FEMA 2540 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-7; Enanthal; Enanthaldehyde; Enanthic aldehyde; Enanthole; Heptaldehyde; 1-Heptaldehyde; n-Heptaldehyde; 1-Heptanal; n-Heptanal; Heptanaldehyde; Heptylaldehyde; nHeptylaldehyde; Oenanthal; Oenanthaldehyde; Oenanthic aldehyde; Oenanthol Classification: Nonaromatic aldehyde Empirical: C7H14O Formula: CH3(CH2)5CHO Properties: Colorless oily liq., penetrating fruity odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, most org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 114.19; dens. 0.80902 (30/4 C); visc. 0.977 cp (15 C); m.p. 1333

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 43.3 C; b.p. 152.8 C (760 mm); acid no. < 5; flash pt. 95 F; ref. index 1.42571 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 14 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; incompat. with oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke Storage: Hygroscopic; store under nitrogen; 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ind Expo Oleochems. http://www.indexpo.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1-Heptanal; n-Heptanal; Heptanaldehyde. See Heptanal Heptanal dimethyl acetal CAS 10032-05-0; EINECS/ELINCS 233-103-6 FEMA 2541 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-7 dimethyl acetal; 1,1Dimethoxy heptane Empirical: C9H20O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)5CH(OCH3)2 Properties: Oily liq., walnut cognac odor; m.w. 160.26; dens. 0.849 (20/20 C); b.p. 164-183 C; flash pt. 136 F; ref. index 1.4130 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire condiitons Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Heptanal glyceryl acetal (mixed 1,2 and 1,3 acetals) CAS 977043-66-5 FEMA 2542 Synonyms: Heptanal 1,2-glyceryl acetal Definition: Produced by condensing heptaldehyde with glycerin Empirical: C10H20O3 Properties: Colorless visc. liq., fungus-like sweet odor, mushroom taste; sol. in alcohol and water; m.w. 188.27 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Heptanal 1,2-glyceryl acetal. See Heptanal glyceryl acetal (mixed 1,2 and 1,3 acetals) Heptanal, 2-(phenylmethylene). See αAmylcinnamaldehyde Heptane CAS 142-82-5; EINECS/ELINCS 205-563-8 UN 1206 (DOT) Synonyms: Alkane C7; Dipropyl methane; nHeptane; Heptyl hydride Classification: Sat. aliphatic hydrocarbon Empirical: C7H16 Formula: CH3(CH2)5CH3 Properties: Volatile colorless liq.; gasoline-like odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; misc. with oxygenated, chlorinated, and hydrocarbon solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 100.21; dens. 0.68368 (20 C); vapor pressure 45.7 mm Hg; m.p. -91 C; b.p. 98.428 C; flash pt. (CC) -3.89 1334

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference C; autoignition temp. 204 C; ref. index 1.38764 (20 C); surf. tens. 19.7 dynes/cm; KB value 30; dielec. const. 1.925 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 400 ppm; STEL 500 ppm; LD50 (IV, mouse) 222 mg/kg; lethal conc. for mice 15,900 ppm in air; irritating to respiratory tract; narcotic in high concs.; poison by IV route; ing. may cause nausea, vomiting, swelling of abdomen, headache, depression; relatively low oral toxicity unless aspirated into lungs; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 3.52 Precaution: Flamm. when exposed to heat or flame; LEL 1.05%; UEL 6.7%; dangerous fire risk; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials; mod. explosive exposed to heat or flame; violent reaction with phosphorus + chlorine Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight Uses: Solvent for protective coatings on citrus fruits Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 177.1580, 27CFR §21.111; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Burdick & Jackson http://www.bandj.com; Cambrex http://www.cambrex.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Trade Names: Shellsol® Heptane n-Heptane. See Heptane 1-Heptanecarboxylic acid. See Caprylic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2,3-Heptanedione CAS 96-04-8; EINECS/ELINCS 202-472-5 FEMA 2543 Synonyms: Acetyl pentanoyl; Acetyl valeryl; Valeryl acetyl Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C7H12O2 Properties: Ylsh. liq.; buttery, cheesy, pungent odor; sweet butter taste; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 128.17; sp.gr. 0.916-0.923; b.p. 64 C (18 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 40 C; ref. index 1.411-1.418 (20 C) Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf.-water Precaution: Flamm. liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, water; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources and open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Used in butter, cheese, berry, pineapple, apple, and tropical flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; DOT nonregulated; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Heptanoic acid CAS 111-14-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-838-7 UN 3265; FEMA 3348 Synonyms: Carboxylic acid C7; Enanthic acid; Enanthic anhydride; Enanthylic acid; nHeptanoic acid; Hepthlic acid; Heptoic acid; n-Heptoic acid; Heptylic acid; n-Heptylic acid; Hexacid C-7; 1-Hexanecarboxylic acid; Oenanthic acid; Oenanthylic acid Classification: Aliphatic carboxylic acid Empirical: C7H14O2 1335

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Formula: [CH3(CH2)5CO]2O Properties: Colorless oily liq.; disagreeable rancid odor; sol. in ether, ethanol, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, acetone, nitric acid; sol. 0.25 g/l water; m.w. 130.19; dens. 0.918; f.p. -10.5 C; m.p. -9 C; b.p. 223 C; acid no. 427 min.; flash pt. 107 C; ref. index 1.4221 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 1200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; may cause sore throat, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting; corrosive; mod. to severe skin irritant; may cause skin burns; inh. of mists may cause mild to mod. irritation to nose/throat; liq. or mist may cause severe eye irritation or corrosive injury; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, alkalies Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; washing/lye peeling of fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 173.315; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; ExxonMobil UK http://www.exxonchemical.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Ind Expo Oleochems. http://www.indexpo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com n-Heptanoic acid. See Heptanoic acid Heptanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

heptanoate Heptanoic acid, isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl heptanoate Heptanoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl heptanoate Heptanoic acid, 3-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl heptanoate Heptanoic acid, octyl ester. See Octyl heptanoate Heptanoic acid pentyl ester. See Amyl heptanoate Heptanoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester. See Glyceryl triheptanoate Heptanoic acid propyl ester. See Propyl heptanoate 1-Heptanol. See Heptyl alcohol 2-Heptanol CAS 543-49-7; EINECS/ELINCS 208-844-3 UN 1987; FEMA 3288 Synonyms: Amyl methyl carbinol; n-Amyl methyl carbinol; Heptanol-2; Heptan-2-ol; sHeptyl alcohol; 2-Hydroxyheptane; Methyl amyl carbinol; Methyl-n-amyl carbinol Classification: Sec. aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C7H16O Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(OH)CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; mild, fresh lemon-like, grass-herbaceous odor; sol. in ethanol, ether, benzene; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 116.20; sp.gr. 0.8193 (20 C); vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (14.6 C); b.p. 160-162 C; flash pt. (CC) 64 C; ref. index 1.421-1.422 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2580 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1780 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; severe eye and sl. skin irritant; may be absorbed through skin; inh. may cause nose/throat irritation; high concs. of vapor may cause CNS effects, depression, headache, nausea, drowsiness; ing. may cause 'alcohol' intoxication symptoms; may cause severe lung damage, respiratory arrest, and death if aspirated into lungs; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat and flame; mod. fire risk; incompat. with oxidizing agents (increases risk of fire and explosion) NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, dips, spreads, 1336

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference salad dressings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Heptanol-2; Heptan-2-ol. See 2-Heptanol 3-Heptanol CAS 589-82-2; EINECS/ELINCS 209-661-1 UN 1993; FEMA 3547 Synonyms: Butyl ethyl carbinol; Ethyl butyl carbinol; Heptan-3-ol; 3-Heptyl alcohol; 3Hydroxyheptane Classification: Sec. aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C7H16O Formula: CH3(CH2)3CH(OH)CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless oily liq., herbaceous odor, pungent sl. bitter taste; sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 116.20; sp.gr. 0.820 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 0.5 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. -70 C; b.p. 155-157 C; flash pt. (CC) 60 C; ref. index 1.422 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1870 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4360 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; skin and severe eye irritant; can be absorbed through skin; inh. may cause nose/throat irritation; high concs. of vapor may cause CNS depression; ing. may cause 'alcohol' intoxication symptoms; may cause severe lung damage, respiratory arrest, possibly death if aspirated into lungs; TSCA listed Environmental: do not discharge to lakes, streams, ponds, or public waters Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with oxidizing agents (increase fire/explosion risk); wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat and air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Wako Chem. GmbH http://www.wakochemicals.de Heptan-3-ol. See 3-Heptanol n-Heptanol. See Heptyl alcohol 4-Heptanol, 2,6-dimethyl-. See 2,6-Dimethyl heptanol-4 Heptanol, formate. See Heptyl formate Heptanolide-1,4; Heptan-4-olide; Heptanolide4,1. See γ-Heptalactone 2-Heptanone; Heptan-2-one. See Methyl n-amyl ketone 3-Heptanone CAS 106-35-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-388-1 FEMA 2545 Synonyms: Butyl ethyl ketone; n-Butyl ethyl ketone; Ethyl butyl ketone; Ethyl-n-butyl ketone; Heptan-3-one Classification: Aliphatic ketone Empirical: C7H14O Formula: CH3(CH2)3COC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; powerful green fatty fruity odor; melon banana flavor; sol. in alcohol, diethyl ether; misc. with ether; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 114.19; dens. 0.818 (20/4 C); m.p. -39 C; b.p. 145-148 C; flash pt. 38 C; ref. index 1.409 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm in air; LD50 (oral, rat) 2760 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 2000 ppm; mod. toxic by ing. and inh.; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; mod. fire risk; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet, fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma 1337

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Heptan-3-one. See 3-Heptanone 4-Heptanone CAS 123-19-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-608-9 UN 2710 (DOT); FEMA 2546 Synonyms: Butyrone; Dipropyl ketone; Heptan-4-one; Propyl ketone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C7H14O Formula: (CH3CH2CH2)2CO Properties: Colorless liq., penetrating, fruity, pineapple-like odor, burning taste; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 114.19; dens. 0.814 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 5.2 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. -32.6 C; b.p. 142-144 C; flash pt. 49 C; ref. index 1.4073 (22 C); surf. tens. 25.2 dynes/cm Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm in air; LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5660 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 4000 ppm; mod. toxic by ing., inh., and skin contact; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; mod. fire risk; can react with oxidizing, reducing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Store at 40 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Heptan-4-one. See 4-Heptanone 4-Heptanone, 3-benzyl-; 4-Heptanone, 3(phenylmethyl)-. See Benzyl dipropyl ketone Heptanyl acetate. See Heptyl acetate 3,6,9,12,15,18,21-Heptaoxatricosane-1,23-diol. See PEG-8 cis-4-Heptenal. See cis-4-Hepten-1-al Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cis-4-Hepten-1-al CAS 6728-31-0; EINECS/ELINCS 229-779-7 FEMA 3289 Synonyms: cis-4-Heptenal; (Z)-Hept-4-enal; nPropylidene butyraldehyde Empirical: C7H12O Formula: CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH2CHO Properties: Sl. yel. liq.; fatty odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 112.17; dens. 0.856; flash pt. 105 F; ref. index 1.432-1.436 Precaution: Flamm. liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fatty green vegetable fryed butter creamy odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com (Z)-Hept-4-enal. See cis-4-Hepten-1-al 5-Heptenal, 2,6-dimethyl-. See 2,6-Dimethyl-5heptenal 5-Hepten-2-ol, 6-methyl-. See 6-Methyl-5hepten-2-ol 5-Hepten-2-one, 6-methyl-. See Methyl heptenone (E)-Hept-3-enyl acetate. See trans-3-Heptenyl acetate trans-3-Heptenyl acetate CAS 1576-77-8; EINECS/ELINCS 216-411-5 FEMA 3493 Synonyms: (E)-Hept-3-enyl acetate; trans-3Hepten-1-yl acetate Empirical: C9H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alchol, fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 156.22; sp.gr. 0.885-0.887 (20/4 C); b.p. 55-57 C (3 mm Hg); ref. index 1.429-1.432 Uses: Flavoring agent and adjuvant in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL trans-3-Hepten-1-yl acetate. See trans-3Heptenyl acetate Hept-3(trans)-enyl isobutyrate. See trans-3Heptenyl isobutyrate

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference trans-3-Heptenyl isobutyrate CAS 99999-26-7 FEMA 3494 Synonyms: Hept-3(trans)-enyl isobutyrate; Hept-3(trans)-enyl 2-methylpropanoate; trans-3-Heptenyl 2-methylpropanoate Uses: Artificial flavoring agent in foods, beverages Hept-3(trans)-enyl 2-methylpropanoate; trans-3Heptenyl 2-methylpropanoate. See trans-3Heptenyl isobutyrate Hepthlic acid; Heptoic acid; n-Heptoic acid. See Heptanoic acid

Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com

1,4-Heptonolactone INS370; E370 Definition: γ-lactone synthesised from hydroxycarboxylic acid Uses: pH control agent, sequestrant in foods

1-Heptyl acetate; n-Heptyl acetate. See Heptyl acetate

Heptyl acetate CAS 112-06-1; EINECS/ELINCS 227-526-5 FEMA 2547 Synonyms: Acetate C-7; Acetic acid heptyl ester; Heptanyl acetate; 1-Heptyl acetate; nHeptyl acetate; Heptyl ethanoate Empirical: C9H18O2 Formula: C7H15OOCCH3 Properties: Colorless liq., pear-like odor, apricotlike taste; sol. in alcohol, ether; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.87505 (15 C); vapor dens. 5.5; m.p. -50 C; b.p. 192-193 C; flash pt. (CC) 67.8 C; ref. index 1.4150 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; inh. of mist may irritate nose and throat; high concs. may cause drowsiness, dizziness, headache; sl. skin irritant; sl. to mod. eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2, CO; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, artificial fruit essences Features: Citrus, apricot, pear-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI

Heptyl alcohol CAS 111-70-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-897-9 FEMA 2548 Synonyms: Alcohol C7; Enanthic alcohol; Enanthyl alcohol; 1-Heptanol; n-Heptanol; 1-Heptyl alcohol; n-Heptyl alcohol; priHeptyl alcohol; Hydroxyheptane; 1Hydroxyheptane Classification: Primary aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C7H16O Formula: CH3(CH2)6OH Properties: Colorless liq.; pleasant citrus odor; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; misc. with alcohol, fixed oils, ether; sl. sol. in water @ 175 C; m.w. 116.23; dens. 0.824 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (42 C); m.p. -34.6 C; b.p. 175.8 C; flash pt. 70 C; ref. index 1.423-.1427; surf. tens. 26.2 dynes/cm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact; mildly toxic by inh.; probably an eye irritant; inh. can probably cause nose/throat irritation; high concs. may cause headache, nausea, drowsiness; ing. may cause 'alcohol' intoxication symptoms; may cause severe lung damage, respiratory failure, and death if aspirated into lungs; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.63; ThOD 2.90 Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat, flames; reactive with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 1-Heptyl alcohol. See Heptyl alcohol 3-Heptyl alcohol. See 3-Heptanol n-Heptyl alcohol; pri-Heptyl alcohol. See Heptyl alcohol s-Heptyl alcohol. See 2-Heptanol Heptylaldehyde; n-Heptylaldehyde. See Heptanal Heptyl butanoate; n-Heptyl-n-butanoate. See Heptyl butyrate Heptyl butyrate CAS 5870-93-9; EINECS/ELINCS 227-526-5 FEMA 2549 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, heptyl ester; Butyric acid, heptyl ester; Heptyl butanoate; n-Heptyl-n-butanoate; n-Heptyl-n-butyrate Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C11H22O2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity chamomile-like odor, sweet green tea-like taste; sol. in alcohol; almost insol. in water; m.w. 186.30; m.p. -58 C; b.p. 225-226 C; flash pt. 195 F; ref. index 1.4231 Toxicology: LDLo (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; LD50 (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com n-Heptyl-n-butyrate. See Heptyl butyrate γ-Heptyl butyrolactone. See γ-Undecalactone Heptyl caprylate. See Heptyl octanoate Heptyl carbinol. See Caprylic alcohol Heptyl cinnamate CAS 10032-08-3 FEMA 2551 Synonyms: Cinnamic acid heptyl ester; nHeptyl cinnamate; Heptyl-β-phenylacrylate; Heptyl-3-phenyl propenoate Definition: Ester of n-heptanol with cinnamic acid Empirical: C16H22O2 Properties: Colorless to pale straw-yel. liq., green leafy odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 246.36; ref. index 1.52900 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL n-Heptyl cinnamate. See Heptyl cinnamate 5-Heptyldihydrofuran-2-one. See γUndecalactone n-Heptyl dimethylacetate. See Heptyl isobutyrate Heptyl ethanoate. See Heptyl acetate Heptyl formate CAS 112-23-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-949-0 FEMA 2552 Synonyms: Formic acid, heptyl ester; Heptanol, formate; n-Heptyl methanoate Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: HCOOC7H15 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity floral odor, plumlike taste; sol. in ether; insol. in water; m.w. 144.24; dens. 0.882; b.p. 178 C; flash pt. 60 C; ref. index 1.4130 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, 1340

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference artificial fruit essences Features: Apple, plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-Heptylfuran CAS 3777-71-7; EINECS/ELINCS 223-236-8 FEMA 3401 Synonyms: 2-n-Heptylfuran Empirical: C11H18O Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; roasted, nutty; m.w. 166.26; sp.gr. 0.863; b.p. 209-210 C; flash pt. 167 F; ref. index 1.4500 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may cause irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store under nitrogen; refrigerate; lightsensitive; may darken on storage; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat and open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, pudding, chewing gum, dairy prods. Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-n-Heptylfuran. See 2-Heptylfuran Heptyl hydride. See Heptane Heptyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; n-Heptyl phydroxybenzoate; Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate. See Heptyl paraben Heptylic acid; n-Heptylic acid. See Heptanoic acid Heptylidene acetaldehyde. See trans-2-Nonenal Heptylidene acetone. See 3-Decen-2-one n-Heptyl isobutanoate. See Heptyl isobutyrate Heptyl isobutyrate CAS 2349-13-5; EINECS/ELINCS 219-076-3 FEMA 2550 Synonyms: n-Heptyl dimethylacetate; n-Heptyl isobutanoate Definition: Ester of n-heptanol and isobutyric Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acid Empirical: C11H22O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCO2(CH2)6CH3 Properties: Colorless liq., woody odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 186.30; b.p. 98 C (10 mm); flash pt. 85 C; ref. index 1.4190 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com n-Heptyl methanoate. See Heptyl formate n-Heptyl methyl carbinol. See 2-Nonanol Heptyl methyl ketone. See 2-Nonanone Heptyl octanoate CAS 4265-97-8; EINECS/ELINCS 224-252-8 FEMA 2553 Synonyms: Heptyl caprylate; n-Heptyl octanoate; Heptyl octylate Definition: Ester of n-heptanol and n-octanoic acid Empirical: C15H30O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq.; waxy, oily, green odor and flavor; insol. in water; m.w. 242.41; dens. 0.8520 (30 C); m.p. 14 C; b.p. 291 C; flash pt. > 130 C; ref. index 1.4340 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, fruit flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com n-Heptyl octanoate; Heptyl octylate. See Heptyl octanoate Heptyl paraben CAS 1085-12-7 INS209 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, p-hydroxy-, heptyl 1341

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ester; Heptyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; n-Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate; Heptyl phydroxybenzoate Empirical: C14H20O3 Properties: Colorless sm. cryst. or wh. cryst. powd., odorless or faint char. odor, sl. burning taste; sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 236.31; m.p. 48-51 C Toxicology: LD50 (subcut., mouse) 4 g/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Antioxidant, preservative, antimicrobial in foods, beer, fermented malt beverages, noncarbonated soft drinks and fruit drinks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.145, 12 ppm max. in fermented malt beverages, 20 ppm max. in soft/fruit drinks; BATF 27CFR §240.1051, 12 ppm max. in wine Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk Heptyl pentanoate. See Heptyl valerate Heptyl-β-phenylacrylate; Heptyl-3-phenyl propenoate. See Heptyl cinnamate Heptyl valerate CAS 5451-80-9; EINECS/ELINCS 226-686-3 Synonyms: Heptyl pentanoate; Pentanoic acid heptyl ester Empirical: C12H24O2 Formula: C4H9COOC7H15 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; fruity odor; m.w. 200.318; flash pt. (TCC) 210 F Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Hercolyn D. See Methyl hydrogenated rosinate Hesperidinase CAS 372313-47-1; EINECS/ELINCS 253-402-5 Synonyms: Hesperidin-α-1,6-rhamnosidase; Naringinase Classification: Enzyme Properties: Solid Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation; prolonged/repeated exposure may cause Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

allergic reactions in sensitive individuals Storage: Store @ 2-8 C Uses: Enzyme for juice processing Manuf./Distrib.: Amano Enzyme http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Hesperidin-α-1,6-rhamnosidase. See Hesperidinase Hexa. See Hexamethylenetetramine Hexacalcium phytate. See Calcium phytate Hexacid C-7. See Heptanoic acid Hexacid C9. See Nonanoic acid Hexacosanol. See 1-Hexacosanol 1-Hexacosanol CAS 506-52-5 Synonyms: Ceryl alcohol; Hexacosanol Classification: Aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C26H54O Properties: M.w. 382.71; m.p. 79-81 C; b.p. 240 C (1 mm Hg) Uses: Ingred. in dietary supplements, health foods Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Trade Names Containing: Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol 30%; Lesstanol™ Natural Policosanol 60 Hexacose. See 2,4-Hexadienol Hexadecanaoic acid, magnesium salt. See Magnesium palmitate Hexadecanoic acid. See Palmitic acid Hexadecanoic acid, aluminum salt; Hexadecanoic acid, aluminum salt (3:1). See Aluminum palmitate Hexadecanoic acid ammonium salt. See Ammonium palmitate Hexadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester. See Glyceryl palmitate Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl palmitate Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl palmitate Hexadecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl palmitate Hexadecanoic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium palmitate Hexadecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester. 1342

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference See Tripalmitin Hexadecanoic acid sodium salt. See Sodium palmitate 1-Hexadecanol. See Cetyl alcohol 1,6,10,14-Hexadecatetraen-3-ol, 3,7,11,15tetramethyl-, (E,E)-. See Geranyl linalool ω-6-Hexadecenlactone; 6-Hexadecenolide; 6Hexadecen-16-olide; 7-Hexadec-7-en-16-olide. See Ambrettolide n-Hexadecoic acid. See Palmitic acid Hexadecyl alcohol. See Cetyl alcohol N-Hexadecyl-N,Ndimethylbenzenemethanaminium chloride; Hexadecyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride. See Cetalkonium chloride Hexadecylic acid. See Palmitic acid Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. See Cetrimonium chloride Hexadenol. See 2,4-Hexadienol 2,4-Hexadienal; 2,4-Hexadien-1-al; 2,4Hexadienal, (E,E)-; (E,E)-2,4-Hexadienal; (E,E)2,4-Hexadien-1-al. See trans,trans-2,4Hexadienal trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienal CAS 142-83-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-564-3 UN 1992; UN 2810; FEMA 3429 Synonyms: 2,4-Hexadienal; 2,4-Hexadien-1-al; 2,4-Hexadienal, (E,E)-; (E,E)-2,4-Hexadienal; (E,E)-2,4-Hexadien-1-al; trans,trans-2,4Hexadien-1-al; trans,trans-4-Hexadienal; 1,3-Pentadiene-1-carboxaldehyde; 3Propylene acrolein; Sorbaldehyde; Sorbic aldehyde Empirical: C6H8O Formula: HCOCHCHCHCHCH3 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq.; pungent fatty sweet green aldehydic floral citrusy odor; citrus-like taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 96.13; sp.gr. 0.871-0.898; b.p. 69 C (20 mm Hg); acid no. 5; flash pt. 67 C; ref. index 1.538-1.545 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 300 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 270 mg/kg; poison; toxic by skin contact, inh., ing.; severe irritant; may cause allergic dermatitis; liq./vapors may be irritating to eyes, skin, throat, lungs; high concs. extremely destructive to tissues of mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, eyes, skin; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water; marine pollutant Precaution: Flamm.; vapors may form explosive mixt. with air; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, strong reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes and smoke HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep under nitrogen; refrigerate; keep away from heat, ignition sources, naked flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: EINECS, AICS, China, Canada DSL, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com trans,trans-2,4-Hexadien-1-al; trans,trans-4Hexadienal. See trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienal Hexadienic acid; Hexadienoic acid; 2,4Hexadienoic acid. See Sorbic acid 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, butyl ester. See Butyl sorbate 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium sorbate 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, methyl ester; 2,4Hexadienoic acid, methyl ester, (E,E)-. See Methyl sorbate 2,4-Hexadienoic acid potassium salt. See Potassium sorbate 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium sorbate 2,4-Hexadienol CAS 111-28-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-853-9 FEMA 3922 Synonyms: Hexacose; Hexadenol; Hexa-2,4dien-1-ol; 2,4-Hexadien-1-ol; n-Hexa-2,4dien-1-ol; 2,4-Hexadien-1-ol, mixture of isomers; Hexakose; Hexene-ol; Hexenol; 1Hydroxy-2,4-hexadiene; Sorbic alcohol; Sorbinic alcohol; Sorbyl alcohol Empirical: C6H10O Properties: Colorless solid; fresh green 1343

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference pineapple herbal odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 98.14; sp.gr. 0.871; m.p. 30.5-31.5 C; b.p. 80 C (12 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 71 C Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Vapors may form explosive mixts. with air; may polymerize exothermically over 250 F; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Air-sensitive; store in cool, wellventilated area away from ignition sources, naked flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, AICS, Canada DSL, ECL, ENCS, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com Hexa-2,4-dien-1-ol; 2,4-Hexadien-1-ol; n-Hexa2,4-dien-1-ol; 2,4-Hexadien-1-ol, mixture of isomers. See 2,4-Hexadienol Hexaethylene glycol. See PEG-6 Hexaglycerin monooleate. See Polyglyceryl-6 oleate Hexaglycerol dioleate. See Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate Hexaglycerol distearate. See Polyglyceryl-6 distearate Hexaglycerol stearate. See Polyglyceryl-6 stearate Hexaglyceryl dioleate. See Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate Hexaglyceryl distearate. See Polyglyceryl-6 distearate Hexaglyceryl hexaoleate. See Polyglyceryl-6 hexaoleate Hexaglyceryl oleate. See Polyglyceryl-6 oleate Hexaglyceryl stearate. See Polyglyceryl-6 stearate Hexahydrobenzoic acid. See Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (4R-(4α,4aα,6β))-4,4a,5,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,4adimethyl-6-(1-methylvinyl) naphthalen-2(3H)one; 4,4α,5,6,7,8-Hexahydro-6-isopropenyl4,4α-dimethyl-2,3H-naphthalenone. See Nootkatone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[3aS-(3a-α,4b,6aα)]-Hexahydro-2-oxo-1H-thieno [3,4-d] imidazole-4-pentanoic acid; cisHexahydro-2-oxo-1H-thieno (3,4)-imidazole-4valeric acid. See d-Biotin Hexahydrophenethyl acetate. See Cyclohexylethyl acetate Hexahydrophenyl acetic acid. See Cyclohexaneacetic acid Hexahydrophenyl ethyl acetate. See Cyclohexylethyl acetate Hexahydro phenylethyl propionate. See Ethyl cyclohexanepropionate Hexahydropyridine. See Piperidine Hexahydrothymol. See Menthol Hexahydroxycyclohexane. See Inositol Hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) myo-inositol. See Inositol-hexaphosphoric acid Hexakose. See 2,4-Hexadienol δ-Hexalactone CAS 823-22-3; EINECS/ELINCS 212-511-8 FEMA 3167 Synonyms: δ-Caprolactone; δ-Hexanolactone; 5-Hexanolide; 5-Hydroxyhexanoic acid lactone; δ-Methyl-δ-valerolactone; Tetrahydro-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one Classification: Lactone Empirical: C6H10O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. oily liq.; sol. in alcohol and ether; insol. in water; m.w. 114.14; sp.gr. 1.037; b.p. 110-112 C (15 mm Hg); flash pt. 107.22 C; ref. index 1.452 (20 C) Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin/mucous membrane/upper respiratory system irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of Co, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com γ-Hexalactone CAS 695-06-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-778-8 FEMA 2556 Synonyms: γ-Caprolactone; Ethyl butyrolactone; γ-Ethylbutyrolactone; 2(3H)Furanone, 5-ethyldihydro-; γHexanolactone; Hexanolide-1,4; Hexan-4olide; 4-Hydroxyhexanoic acid lactone; 4Hydroxyhexanoic acid γ-lactone; Tonkalide Classification: Nonaromatic lactone Empirical: C6H10O2 Properties: Colorless liq., herbaceous sweet odor, sweet coumarin-caramel taste; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 114.15; dens. 1.023; m.p. -18 C; b.p. 220 C; flash pt. 209 F; ref. index 1.4390 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Hexaldehyde; n-Hexaldehyde. See Hexanal Hexalin acetate; Hexaline acetate. See Cyclohexyl acetate Hexametaphosphate sodium salt. See Sodium hexametaphosphate Hexamethylenamine; Hexamethyleneamine; Hexamethylenetetraamine. See Hexamethylenetetramine Hexamethylenetetramine CAS 100-97-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-905-8 UN 1328 (DOT); INS239; E239 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Aminoform; Ammonioformaldehyde; Hexa; Hexamethylenamine; Hexamethyleneamine; Hexamethylenetetraamine; Hexamine; HMT; HMTA; Methamin; Methenamine (INCI); 1,3,5,7-Tetraazaadamantane; 1,3,5,7Tetraazatricyclo [3,3,1,1] decane; Urotropine Classification: Organic amine Empirical: C6H12N4 Formula: (CH2)6N4 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. or colorless lustrous crystals, sl. amine odor; sol. in water, alcohol, chloroform; insol. in ether; m.w. 140.22; dens. 1.27 (25 C); subl. @ 263 C without melting and with partial decomp. Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rat) 9200 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 215 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 512 mg/kg; poison by subcut. route; mod. toxic by ing., IP routes; skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant; may cause skin rash in humans; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. solid; in contact with flame, readily burns with smokeless flame; can react with oxidizers; explosive reactions possible; reacts violently with Na2O2 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of formaldehyde and NOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 1 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative in foods; polymerization crosslinking agent for proteins incl. casein used in food pkg. paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 177.2410, 177.2600, 181.30; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com Chattem http://www.chattemchemicals.com; DSM Chem. N. Am.; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Harcros 1345

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.harcroschem.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kowa Am. http://www.kowa.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; San Yuan; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Hexamic acid. See Cyclamic acid Hexamine. See Hexamethylenetetramine Hexanal CAS 66-25-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-624-5 UN 1207 (DOT); FEMA 2557 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-6; Caproaldehyde; Caproic aldehyde; Capronaldehyde; nCaproylaldehyde; Hexaldehyde; nHexaldehyde; 1-Hexanal; n-Hexanal; Hexoic aldehyde; n-Hexyl aldehyde Empirical: C6H12O Formula: CH3(CH2)4CHO Properties: Colorless liq., powerful fatty-green odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol, oxygenated solvs.; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 100.18; dens. 0.808-0.812; m.p. -56.3 C; b.p. 128.7 C; flash pt. (OC) 90 F; ref. index 1.402-1.407 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4890 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 2000 ppm; mildly toxic by ing., inh.; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Green fatty penetrating flavor and fragrance, apple-like on dilution Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BASF http://www.basf.com; BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names Containing: Kiwifruit Treattarome 9770 1-Hexanal; n-Hexanal. See Hexanal Hexanal dimethyl acetal CAS 1599-47-9; EINECS/ELINCS 216-488-5 UN 1993 Synonyms: Hexane, 1,1-dimethoxyEmpirical: C8H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; grn. cooked apple odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 146.23; sp.gr. 0.841-0.851; b.p. 145 C; flash pt. (CC) 40 C; ref. index 1.400-1.410 (20 C) Toxicology: Irritating to eyes/skin/mucous membranes/upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, 1346

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ground- and surf. water Precaution: Flamm. liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, naked flame, ignition sources; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: AICS, Canada DSL, ECL, ENCS, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Hexanal propylene glycol acetal CAS 1599-49-1; EINECS/ELINCS 216-489-0 FEMA 3630 Synonyms: 1,3-Dioxolane, 4-methyl-2-pentyl-; 4-Methyl-2-pentyl-1,3-dioxolane Empirical: C9H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; grn. fruity veg. odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 158.24; sp.gr. 0.893-0.900; b.p. 82 C (18 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 64 C; ref. index 1.418-1.426 (20 C) Toxicology: May be harmful to eyes/skin; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area away from naked flame, ignition sources Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; AICS, Canada DSL, ENCS, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Hexane CAS 110-54-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-777-6 UN 1208 (DOT) Synonyms: Alkane C6; n-Hexane; Hexyl hydride; Normal hexane Classification: Aliphatic hydrocarbon Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C6H14 Formula: CH3(CH2)4CH3 Properties: Colorless volatile liq., faint petrol. odor; sol. in alcohol, acetone, ether; misc. with oxygenated, chlorinated and hydrogenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 86.20; dens. 0.65937 (20/4 C); m.p. -95 C; b.p. 67-70 C; flash pt. (CC) -21.7 C; ref. index 1.37486 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 28.710 mg/kg; sl. toxic by ing., inh.; human systemic effects by inh. (nausea, headache, dizziness, drowsiness); irritating to respiratory tract; skin and eye irritant; narcotic in high concs.; massive exposures can cause unconsciousness and death; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 3.53 Precaution: Flamm.; very dangerous fire/explosion hazard exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; limit quantities in use; avoid generating mists Uses: Extraction solvent for hops extract, spice oleoresins; processing aid (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.30, 73.295, 73.300, 73.315, 73.345, 73.615, 172.340, 172.560, 173.270, 175.105, 175.320, 176.200, 177.1200; HAP; Japan approved with restrictions; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMC Chems.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Burdick & Jackson http://www.bandj.com; Cambrex http://www.cambrex.com ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Houghton Chem. 1347

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ n-Hexane. See Hexane 1-Hexanecarboxylic acid. See Heptanoic acid Hexane, 1,1-dimethoxy-. See Hexanal dimethyl acetal Hexanedioic acid; 1,6-Hexanedioic acid. See Adipic acid Hexanedioic acid, diammonium salt. See Ammonium adipate Hexanedioic acid, diethyl ester. See Diethyl adipate Hexanedioic acid, diisotridecyl ester. See Diisotridecyl adipate 2,3-Hexanedione; Hexane-2,3-dione. See Acetyl butyryl 3,4-Hexanedione CAS 4437-51-8; EINECS/ELINCS 224-651-7 FEMA 3168 Synonyms: Diethyl diketone; Dipropionyl; Hexane-3,4-dione Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C6H10O2 Formula: CH2CH2COCOCH2CH3 Properties: Yel. cl. oily liq.; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 114.15; dens. 0.946 (20/4 C); b.p. 123-125 C; flash pt. 27 C; ref. index 1.411 (20 C) Precaution: Flamm. Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Pungent, butter-like fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Oxford Chems. Ltd Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.oxfordchemicals.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Hexane-3,4-dione. See 3,4-Hexanedione 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexanehexol. See D-Mannitol Hexanethiol. See 1-Hexanethiol 1-Hexanethiol CAS 111-31-9 UN 1228 (DOT); UN 3071 (DOT); FEMA 3842 Synonyms: Hexanethiol; Hexane-1-thiol; nHexanethiol; Hexanethiol normal; Hexyl mercaptan; 1-Hexyl mercaptan; n-Hexyl mercaptan; n-Hexylthiol; n-Thioheptyl alcohol Classification: Sat. thioalcohol; aliphatic mercaptan Empirical: C6H14S Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2SH Properties: Colorless clear liq.; strong earthy, disagreeable odor; very sol. in ethanol, diethyl ether; sol. in acetone, oxygenated solvs., oil; insol. in water; m.w. 118.24; dens. 0.8424 (20 C); f.p. -80.49 C; b.p. 151 C; flash pt. (CC) 20 C; ref. index 1.444-1.452; pH very sl. acidic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1254 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg, (inh., mouse) 528 mg/kg; very toxic; mildly toxic by inh. and ing.; due to obnoxious odor, detectable before harmful airborne levels reached; can be fatal if inhaled; may irritate respiratory tract; mild CNS depressant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. and vapor; vapor may spread with distant ignition possible; liq. floats on water and can spread fire; vapors may form explosive mixts. with air ≥ 20 C; incompat. with strong oxidizers, alkali metals, nitric acid, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx, hydrogen sulfide Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight, away from heat, ignition sources, separate from work area; closed containers may rupture violently when heated Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Degussa Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Oxford Chems. Ltd 1348

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Hexane-1-thiol; n-Hexanethiol; Hexanethiol normal. See 1-Hexanethiol Hexanoic acid; 1-Hexanoic acid; n-Hexanoic acid. See Caproic acid Hexanoic acid, butyl ester. See Butyl hexanoate Hexanoic acid 1-ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl ester. See Linalyl hexanoate Hexanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl caproate Hexanoic acid, 3-hexenyl ester, (Z)-; N-Hexanoic acid, cis-3-hexen-1-yl ester. See cis-3Hexenyl hexanoate Hexanoic acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl hexanoate Hexanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate Hexanoic acid, isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl hexanoate Hexanoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl caproate Hexanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl hexanoate Hexanoic acid, pentyl ester. See Amyl hexanoate Hexanoic acid phenethyl ester; Hexanoic acid phenyl ethyl ester. See Phenethyl hexanoate Hexanoic acid 3-phenyl propyl ester. See 3Phenylpropyl hexanoate Hexanoic acid, 2-propenyl ester. See Allyl caproate Hexanoic acid propyl ester. See Propyl hexanoate Hexanol; 1-Hexanol; Hexan-1-ol. See Hexyl alcohol 3-Hexanol CAS 623-37-0; EINECS/ELINCS 210-790-0 UN 2282; FEMA 3351 Synonyms: Ethyl propyl carbinol; Hexan-3-ol; 3- Hexyl alcohol Empirical: C6H14O Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in water and alcohol; m.w. 102.18; sp. gr. 0.819; b.p. 134135 C; flash pt. 107 F; ref. index 1.4150 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, and mucous membranes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp.: COx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place away from electrostatic charges, ignition sources, and oxidizing agents Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, preserves, spreads Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Hexan-3-ol. See 3-Hexanol n-Hexanol. See Hexyl alcohol δ-Hexanolactone. See δ-Hexalactone γ-Hexanolactone. See γ-Hexalactone 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl. See 2-Ethylhexanol Hexanolide-1,4; Hexan-4-olide. See γHexalactone 5-Hexanolide. See δ-Hexalactone Hexanol, 3,5,5-trimethyl-. See 3,5,5Trimethylhexan-1-ol Hexanone. See Methyl isobutyl ketone 3-Hexanone CAS 589-38-8; EINECS/ELINCS 209-645-4 UN 1224; FEMA 3290 Synonyms: Ethyl propyl ketone; Hexan-3-one Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C6H12O Formula: C2H5CO(CH2)2CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; etheral, grape, winelike odor; m.w. 100.16; dens. 0.815; b.p. 123 C; flash pt. (OC) 35 C; ref. index 1.4000 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3360 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3170 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 4000 ppm; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, subcut. routes; mildly toxic by inh.; strong irritant; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizers, reducers; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Store at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, 1349

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference beverages, candy, baked goods, puddings, meats, soups, dairy prods., cereals Features: Grape-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Hexan-3-one. See 3-Hexanone Hexanoyl ethanol. See 3-Octanon-1-ol 2-Hexanoyl furan. See Pentyl 2-furyl ketone Hexasodium metaphosphate. See Sodium hexametaphosphate Hexazane. See Piperidine 2-Hexenal, (E)-; 2-trans-Hexenal. See trans-2Hexenal Hex-3(trans)-enal. See trans-3-Hexenal (E)-2-Hexenal. See trans-2-Hexenal (E)-Hex-3-enal. See trans-3-Hexenal n-Hex-trans-2-enal. See trans-2-Hexenal trans-2-Hexenal CAS 6728-26-3; EINECS/ELINCS 229-778-1 UN 2810; UN 1989 (DOT; UN IATA); FEMA 2560 Synonyms: 2-Hexenal, (E)-; 2-trans-Hexenal; (E)-2-Hexenal; n-Hex-trans-2-enal; trans-2Hexen-1-al; γ-β-Hexylenaldehyde; Leaf alcohol; β-Propyl acrolein Classification: Nonaromatic aldehyde Definition: Commercial prod. is trans-form Empirical: C6H10O Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH=CHCO • H Properties: Colorless oily liq.; strong herbal apple odor; green leafy flavor; sol. in oxygenated solvs., alcohol, propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 98.15; dens. 0.846 kg/l (20 C); vapor pressure 10 mm Hg (20 C); vapor dens. 3.4; b.p. 146-147 C; flash pt. 35 C; ref. index 1.4455 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 780 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 685 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 180 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 600 mg/kg; toxic; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; irritating to skin; vapor/mixt. irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; readily absorbed thru skin; harmful by inh.; may cause lacrimation, somnolence, dyspnea, vascular effects, GI effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

oxidizing agents, strong bases, strong reducing agents; forms explosive mixts. in air; reacts with nitric acid to form a heatsensitive explosive prod.; can form peroxides in storage; vapor may flash back; container explosion may occur under fire conditions Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive; keep tightly closed; refrigerate; protect from light; store under nitrogen; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; store under nitrogen if possible Use Level: 0.002% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Naturex http://www.naturex.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Kiwifruit Treattarome 9770 trans-2-Hexen-1-al. See trans-2-Hexenal trans-3-Hexenal CAS 69112-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 273-874-6 1350

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FEMA 3923 Synonyms: Hex-3(trans)-enal; (E)-Hex-3-enal; Hexenal, trans-3Empirical: C6H10O Properties: M.w. 98.16 Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Hexenal, trans-3-. See trans-3-Hexenal Hexene. See 1-Hexene 1-Hexene CAS 592-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-753-1 UN 2370 Synonyms: Butyl ethylene; C6 linear alpha olefin; Hexene; Hexene-1; Hexylene Empirical: C6H12 Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH:CH2 Properties: Colorless liq., mild hydrocarbon odor; sol. in alcohol, most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 84.16; dens. 0.678; f.p. -139.8 C; b.p. 6263 C; flash pt. (Seta) -14 F; ref. index 1.3876 (20 C) Toxicology: Mod. toxic irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes; sl. toxic by ing.; inh. may produce CNS depression; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; dangerous fire and explosion risk exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; can react vigorously with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Intermediate for flavors Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Johnson Matthey http://www.matthey.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Hexene-1. See 1-Hexene Hexene-ol. See 2,4-Hexadienol 3-Hexene-1-ol. See 3-Hexenol 2-Hexene-1-yl acetate. See trans-2-Hexenyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acetate 4-Hexenoic acid, 2-acetyl-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-, [GD]-lactone, sodium deriv. See Sodium dehydroacetate 3- Hexenoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl-3hexenoate 2-Hexenoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl-2hexenoate Hexenol. See 2,4-Hexadienol 2-Hexenol CAS 928-95-0; 2305-21-7; EINECS/ELINCS 213191-2; 218-972-1 UN 1987; 1993 (DOT; UN IATA); FEMA 2562 Synonyms: Hex-2-en-1-ol; 2-Hexen-1-ol; 2Hexen-1-ol, (E)-; α,β-Hexenol; trans-2Hexenol; trans-2-Hexen-1-ol; γ-Propylallyl alcohol Classification: aliphatic alcohol Definition: Commercial prod. is the trans-isomer Empirical: C6H12O Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH=CHCH2OH Properties: Colorless liq., powerful fruity green wine-like odor, sweet fruity flavor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 100.16; dens. 0.843 (20/4 C); b.p. 158-160 C; flash pt. 64 C; ref. index 1.438 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3500 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. exposed to heat, sparks, or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store under nitrogen; refrigerate Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; 1351

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Naturex http://www.naturex.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Hex-2-en-1-ol; 2-Hexen-1-ol; 2-Hexen-1-ol, (E)-. See 2-Hexenol 3-Hexenol CAS 544-12-7; EINECS/ELINCS 208-860-0 Synonyms: 3-Hexene-1-ol; Hex-3-en-1-ol; 3Hexen-1-ol; 3-Hexen-1-ol (cis, trans); (3E)-3Hexen-1-ol Empirical: C6H12O Properties: M.w. 100.16 Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Zeon® Extra Green Hex-3-en-1-ol; 3-Hexen-1-ol; 3-Hexen-1-ol (cis, trans); (3E)-3-Hexen-1-ol. See 3-Hexenol α,β-Hexenol. See 2-Hexenol β-γ-Hexenol. See cis-3-Hexenol cis-3-Hexenol CAS 928-96-1; EINECS/ELINCS 213-192-8 UN 2282; FEMA 2563 Synonyms: β-γ-Hexenol; cis-3-Hexen-1-ol; cisHexen-3-ol-1; Leaf alcohol Classification: Organic compd.; aliphatic alcohol Definition: Commercial prod. is the cis-isomer Empirical: C6H12O Formula: CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH2OH Properties: Colorless liq., strong grassy-green odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol, fixed oils, oxygenated solvs.; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 100.18; dens. 0.846-0.850; vapor dens. 3.4; b.p. 156-157 C; flash pt. 44 C; ref. index 1.437-1.441 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4700 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 600 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; irritating to eyes, skin; TSCA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

listed Precaution: Flamm.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; I. P. Callison http://www.ipcallison.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Naturex http://www.naturex.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp cis-3-Hexen-1-ol; cis-Hexen-3-ol-1. See cis-3Hexenol trans-2-Hexenol; trans-2-Hexen-1-ol. See 2Hexenol 2-Hexen-1-ol acetate. See trans-2-Hexenyl acetate 3-Hexen-1-ol, acetate, (Z)-; cis-3-Hexenol 1352

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acetate. See cis-3-Hexenyl acetate 3-Hexen-1-ol, 2-aminobenzoate, (Z)-. See cis-3Hexenyl anthranilate 3-Hexen-1-ol, benzoate, (Z)-. See cis-3-Hexenyl benzoate Hex-2-enyl acetate; 2-Hexenyl acetate; 2-Hexen1-yl acetate. See trans-2-Hexenyl acetate 3-Hexenyl acetate CAS 1708-82-3; EINECS/ELINCS 216-965-8 UN 1993; FEMA 3171 Synonyms: Hex-3-enyl acetate Empirical: C8H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; powerful green floral odor; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; m.w. 142.20; sp.gr. 0.899-0.904; b.p. 198 C; flash pt. (CC) 53 C; ref. index 1.4251.429 Precaution: Flamm. liq. HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat; use refrigeration for max. shelf life Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com Trade Names Containing: Guava Treattarome 9740 3-Hexenyl acetate. See cis-3-Hexenyl acetate Hex-3-enyl acetate. See 3-Hexenyl acetate cis-3-Hexenyl acetate CAS 3681-71-8; EINECS/ELINCS 222-960-1 UN 3272; FEMA 3171 Synonyms: 3-Hexen-1-ol, acetate, (Z)-; cis-3Hexenol acetate; 3-Hexenyl acetate; cis-3Hexen-1-yl acetate; (Z)-3-Hexenyl acetate; cis-3-Hexenyl ethanoate Definition: Commercial prod. is the cis-isomer Empirical: C8H14O2 Formula: CH3COO(CH2)2CH=CHCH2CH3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; sharp fruity-green sweet banana-like odor; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; sol. 1 ml in 1 ml 95% alcohol; m.w. 142.22; sp.gr. 0.896-0.901; vapor dens. 4.8; b.p. 198 C; flash pt. (CC) 59 C; acid no. 1 max.; ref. index 1.425-1.429 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin, eye, respiratory system irritant; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Environmental: keep run-off water out of sewers, water sources Precaution: Flammable; wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, eye/face protection; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating vapors Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aromor Flavors & Fragrances http://www.aromor.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Naturex http://www.naturex.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp cis-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate. See cis-3-Hexenyl acetate (E)-2-Hexenyl acetate. See trans-2-Hexenyl acetate trans-2-Hexenyl acetate CAS 2497-18-9; EINECS/ELINCS 219-680-7 UN 3272; UN 1993 (DOT; UN IATA); FEMA 2564 Synonyms: 2-Hexene-1-yl acetate; 2-Hexen-11353

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ol acetate; Hex-2-enyl acetate; 2-Hexenyl acetate; 2-Hexen-1-yl acetate; (E)-2-Hexenyl acetate; trans-2-Hexen-1-yl acetate Definition: Commercial prod. is the trans-isomer Empirical: C8H14O2 Formula: CH3COOCH2CH=CH(CH2)2CH3 Properties: Colorless liq., pleasant fruity odor and taste; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 142.19; dens. 0.898; b.p. 165-166 C; flash pt. 58 C; ref. index 1.4270 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; eye, skin, respiratory system irritant; ing. may cause stomach pain, vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Naturex http://www.naturex.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

trans-2-Hexen-1-yl acetate. See trans-2-Hexenyl acetate (Z)-3-Hexenyl acetate. See cis-3-Hexenyl acetate cis-3-Hexenyl anthranilate CAS 65405-76-7; EINECS/ELINCS 265-744-2 FEMA 3925 Synonyms: 3-Hexen-1-ol, 2-aminobenzoate, (Z)-; (Z)-3-Hexen-1-yl anthranilate Empirical: C13H17NO2 Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; fruity concord grape odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 219.29; sp.gr. 1.047-1.054; b.p. 160 C (5 mm Hg); acid no. 2 max.; flash pt. (TCC) 220 F; ref. index 1.5450-1.5540; flash pt. (CC) 220 F; ref. index 1.545-1.554 (20 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Features: Floral lilac and jasmine with a fruity berry and anthranilate grape nuance in taste Regulatory: EINECS, AICS, Canada DSL, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp (Z)-3-Hexen-1-yl anthranilate. See cis-3-Hexenyl anthranilate cis-3-Hexenyl benzoate CAS 25152-85-6; EINECS/ELINCS 246-669-4 FEMA 3688 Synonyms: 3-Hexen-1-ol, benzoate, (Z)Empirical: C13H16O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq.; green herbaceous wood floral fatty odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 204.27; sp.gr. 0.995-1.001; b.p. 130 C (5 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 110 C; ref. index 1.504-1.510 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; may be irritating to eyes/skin; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in cool, wellventilated area away from naked flame, ignition sources Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Features: Fatty, floral, green, fruity, spicy with woody nuanced taste 1354

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, AICS, China, DSL, ENCS, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Interchim http://www.interchim.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp (Z)-Hex-3-enyl butanoate. See cis-3-Hexenyl butyrate cis-3-Hexenyl butyrate CAS 16491-36-4; EINECS/ELINCS 240-553-7 FEMA 3402 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 3-hexenyl ester, (Z)-; (Z)-Hex-3-enyl butanoate; Hexenyl-cis3-butyrate Empirical: C10H18O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH2CH=CHC2H5 Properties: Liq.; wine-like, green, sweet, buttery, fruity, cognac or brandy fragrance; sl. buttery flavor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 170.25; dens. 0.885; b.p. 96 C (20 mm); flash pt. 80 C; ref. index 1.4310 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure thru inh.; may cause cancer; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf.-water Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat and open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, puddings Features: Adds buttery ripeness to strawberry, apple, berries, grape Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; SARA §313 reportable; DOT nonregulated; Australia AICS; Canada listed; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Naturex http://www.naturex.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp Hexenyl-cis-3-butyrate. See cis-3-Hexenyl butyrate Hexenyl-cis-3-caproate; cis-3-Hexenyl caproate. See cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate cis-3-Hexenyl crotonate CAS 65405-80-3 FEMA 3982 Synonyms: Hexenyl-cis-3-crotonate; Pipyl crotonate Classification: Ester Empirical: C10H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; green, vegetable-like odor; sol. in oils and ethanol; inso. in water; m.w. 168.2; sp.gr. 0.910; b.p. 107 C (25 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 90 C; ref. index 1.4550 Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent Manuf./Distrib.: Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com 1355

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hexenyl-cis-3-crotonate. See cis-3-Hexenyl crotonate cis-3-Hexenyl ethanoate. See cis-3-Hexenyl acetate cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate CAS 31501-11-8; EINECS/ELINCS 250-661-6 FEMA 3403 Synonyms: Hexanoic acid, 3-hexenyl ester, (Z)-; N-Hexanoic acid, cis-3-hexen-1-yl ester; Hexenyl-cis-3-caproate; cis-3Hexenyl caproate; Hexenyl-cis-3-hexanoate; (Z)-3-Hexenyl hexanoate Empirical: C12H22O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity grn. pear-like veg. odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 198.30; sp.gr. 0.873-0.883; b.p. 115 C (15 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 103 C; ref. index 1.4301.473 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5 g/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; vapor/mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from naked flame, ignition sources; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavor, pulpiness enhancer in pineapple, melon, apple, and tropical flavors Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; AICS, China, Canada DSL, ECL, EINECS, ENCS, MITI, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Naturex http://www.naturex.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp Hexenyl-cis-3-hexanoate; (Z)-3-Hexenyl hexanoate. See cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate β,γ-Hexenyl isobutanoate. See 3-Hexenyl isobutyrate 3-Hexenyl isobutyrate CAS 41519-23-7; EINECS/ELINCS 255-424-0 FEMA 3929 Synonyms: β,γ-Hexenyl isobutanoate; cis-3Hexenyl isobutyrate; (Z)-3-Hexenyl isobutyrate; (Z)-Hex-3-enyl isobutyrate; (Z)Hex-3-enyl 2-methylpropanoate; 3-Hexenyl 2-methylpropionate; (Z)-2-Methylpropanoic acid 3-hexenyl ester; Propanoic acid, 2methyl-, 3-hexenyl ester, (Z)Classification: aliphatic compd. Definition: Commercial prod. is the cis-isomer Empirical: C10H18O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCOO(CH2)2CH=CHCH2CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity apple-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 170.25; dens. 0.874; flash pt. (CC) 160 F; ref. index 1.424 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary irritant; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp cis-3-Hexenyl isobutyrate; (Z)-3-Hexenyl isobutyrate; (Z)-Hex-3-enyl isobutyrate. See 3-Hexenyl isobutyrate 3-Hexenyl isopentanoate. See 3-Hexenyl isovalerate β-γ-Hexenyl isopentanoate. See cis-3-Hexenyl 1356

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference isovalerate 3-Hexenyl isovalerate CAS 10032-11-8 FEMA 3498 Synonyms: 3-Hexenyl isopentanoate; cis-3Hexenyl isovalerate; 3-Hexenyl 3methylbutanoate Empirical: C11H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sweet, apple-like odor; sol. in alcohol and most fixed oils; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.874-0.876; b.p. 199 C; acid no. 2.0 max; flash pt. (CC) 175 F; ref. index 1.4291.435 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in blueberry, pear, plum, apple, melon, guava, banana and pineapple flavorings for food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com cis-3-Hexenyl isovalerate CAS 35154-45-1; EINECS/ELINCS 252-404-3 FEMA 3498 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 3hexenyl eser, (Z)-; β-γ-Hexenyl isopentanoate; Hexenyl-cis-3-isovalerate; (Z)-Hex-3-enyl 3-methylbutanoate; (Z)Isovaleric acid-3-hexenyl Definition: Ester of cis-3-hexenol and isovaleric acid Empirical: C11H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq., powerful sweet green odor of apple, butter apple-like taste; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 184.28; dens. 0.89; b.p. 199 C; acid no. 2; b.p. 98 C; flash pt. 183 F; ref. index 1.435-1.439 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 4900 mg/kg; primary skin irritant; may cause eye irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; wear respirator, chemical safety goggles, rubber boots, heavy rubber gloves; avoid inh., contact with skin, eyes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes, CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep tightly closed; keep away from heat, open flame; store in cool, dry place Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; EINECS, AICS, Canada DSL, ECL, ENCS, PICCS listed; SARA §313 nonreportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com Naturex http://www.naturex.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Sigma-Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp Hexenyl-cis-3-isovalerate. See cis-3-Hexenyl isovalerate cis-3-Hexenyl isovalerate. See 3-Hexenyl isovalerate 3-Hexenyl 2-methylbutanoate. See 3-Hexenyl 2methylbutyrate 3-Hexenyl 3-methylbutanoate. See 3-Hexenyl isovalerate (Z)-Hex-3-enyl 3-methylbutanoate. See cis-3Hexenyl isovalerate 3-Hexenyl 2-methylbutyrate CAS 10094-41-4; EINECS/ELINCS 233-224-4 FEMA 3497 Synonyms: 3-Hexenyl 2-methylbutanoate; Hex-3-enyl 2-methylbutyrate Empirical: C11H20O2 Properties: Cl. colorless liq.; m.w. 184.28 ; sp. gr. 0.876-0.880; b.p. 212 C; ref. index 1.4281.434 Toxicology: TSCA listed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com Hex-3-enyl 2-methylbutyrate. See 3-Hexenyl 2methylbutyrate cis-3-Hexenyl 2-methylbutyrate CAS 53398-85-9; EINECS/ELINCS 258-517-4 FEMA 3497 1357

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3hexenyl ester, (Z)-; cis-3-Hexenyl αmethylbutyrate; (Z)-Hex-3-enyl 2methylbutyrate; 2-Methylbutyric acid cis-3hexen-1-yl ester Empirical: C11H20O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; green apple, fruity odor; sweet apple-like taste; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 184.28; sp.gr. 0.88; b.p. 95 C (30 mm); acid no. 2; flash pt. (CC) 82 C; ref. index 1.430-1.434 (20 C) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. waters Precaution: Combustible; keep away from ignition sources and naked flame; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, beverages Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com cis-3-Hexenyl α-methylbutyrate; (Z)-Hex-3-enyl 2-methylbutyrate. See cis-3-Hexenyl 2methylbutyrate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Z)-Hex-3-enyl 2-methylpropanoate; 3-Hexenyl 2methylpropionate. See 3-Hexenyl isobutyrate cis-3-Hexenyl phenylacetate CAS 42436-07-7; EINECS/ELINCS 255-826-6 FEMA 3633 Synonyms: Benzeneacetic acid, 3-hexenyl ester, (Z)-; (Z)-3-Hexenyl phenylacetate; 3Hexenyl α-toluate; β,γ-Hexenyl α-toluate Empirical: C14H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; floral, honey, green odor; m.w. 218.32; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.985-0.993; b.p. 133 C (4 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 220 F; ref. index 1.4981.503 (20 C) Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Floral, vegetable, tropical melon odors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; EINECS, AICS, Canada DSL, ECL, ENCS, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com (Z)-3-Hexenyl phenylacetate; 3-Hexenyl αtoluate; β,γ-Hexenyl α-toluate. See cis-3Hexenyl phenylacetate Hexenyl-cis-3-valerate CAS 35852-46-1; EINECS/ELINCS 252-761-5 FEMA 3936 Synonyms: cis-3-Hexenyl valerate; Pentanoic acid, 3-hexenyl ester, (Z)-; n-Valeric acid cis-3-hexen-1-yl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C11H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; grn. fruity butter odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 184.28; sp.gr. 0.879-0.885; b.p. 108 C (20 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 76 C; ref. index 1.432-1.438 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; may be irritating to eyes, skin; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing 1358

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area away from naked flame, ignition sources Uses: Flavor for butter and fruit flavors Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; DOT nonregulated; AICS, Canada DSL, ECL, EINECS, ENCS, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp cis-3-Hexenyl valerate. See Hexenyl-cis-3valerate Hexoic acid. See Caproic acid Hexoic aldehyde. See Hexanal Hexone. See Methyl isobutyl ketone Hexyl acetate CAS 142-92-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-572-7 UN 1993; FEMA 2565 Synonyms: Acetic acid hexyl ester; Dihexyl ether; 1-Hexyl acetate; n-Hexyl acetate; Hexyl alcohol, acetate; Hexyl ethanoate Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: CH3COO(CH2)5CH3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq., pleasant fruity odor, bittersweet taste; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 144.22; dens. 0.873 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 5 mm Hg (45 C); m.p. -81 C; b.p. 167-169 C; flash pt. (PMCC) 57 C; ref. index 1.409 (20 C); surf. tens. 26 dynes/cm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 42 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: ThOD 2.44 Precaution: Flamm.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and fumes Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet apple, cherry, pear-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodia-ppa.com/ppa/home.jsp; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names Containing: Passion Fruit Treattarome 9750 1-Hexyl acetate; n-Hexyl acetate. See Hexyl acetate

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 2-Hexyl-4-acetoxytetrahydrofuran CAS 10039-39-1 FEMA 2566 Synonyms: 4-Acetoxy-2-hexyltetrahydrofuran; 2-Hexyl-tetrahydrofuran-4yl acetate; 5- Hexyl tetrahydro-3-furanyl acetate Empirical: C12H22O3 Properties: Colorless liq., sweet floral-fruity odor, peach-apricot taste; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 214.31; sp. gr. 0.952-0.961; acid no. 5 max.; ref. index 1.465-1.475 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS delisted 3-Hexylacrolein; β-Hexylacrolein. See 2-Nonenal Hexyl alcohol CAS 111-27-3; 68526-79-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-852-3 UN 2282 (DOT); FEMA 2567 Synonyms: Alcohol C6; Amylcarbinol; Caproyl alcohol; Hexanol; 1-Hexanol; Hexan-1-ol; nHexanol; n-Hexyl alcohol; 1Hydroxyhexane; Pentylcarbinol Classification: Primary aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C6H14O Formula: CH3(CH2)4CH2OH Properties: Colorless liq., fruity odor, aromatic flavor; sol. in alcohol, ether, acetone, chloroform, benzene, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 102.20; dens. 0.8186; vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (24.4 C); f.p. -51.6 C; b.p. 157.2 C; flash pt. (TOC) 65 C; ref. index 1.1469; surf. tens. 25.73 dynes/cm Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4.59 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3100 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact; skin and severe eye irritant; can be absorbed through skin; inh. may cause CNS effects, headache, nausea, dizziness, incoordination; ing. may cause 'alcohol' intoxication symptoms; may cause severe lung damage, respiratory arrest, possibly death if aspirated into lungs; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.50; ThOD 2.82 Precaution: Flamm. or combustible liq.; reactive with oxidizing materials, strong acids NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from corrosives Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

intermediate in mfg. of food additives Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.864, 178.3480; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names Containing: Guava Treattarome 9740; Kiwifruit Treattarome 9770 3- Hexyl alcohol. See 3-Hexanol n-Hexyl alcohol. See Hexyl alcohol Hexyl alcohol, acetate. See Hexyl acetate n-Hexyl aldehyde. See Hexanal 4-Hexyl-1,3-benzenediol. See 4-Hexylresorcinol Hexyl benzoate CAS 6789-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 229-856-5 FEMA 3691 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, hexyl ester; 1-Hexyl benzoate; n-Hexyl benzoate Classification: aromatic compd. Empirical: C13H18O2 Formula: C6H5COO(CH2)5CH3 Properties: Colorless clear liq.; fruity odor; wood, balsamic flavor; sol. < 0.01 g/100 ml in water, > 100 mg/ml in 95% ethanol and in acetone; m.w. 206.28; dens. 0.979 g/cm3 (21.5 C); vapor pressure 32 mm Hg (22 C); b.p. 272 C; 1360

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference flash pt. > 93.3 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12,300 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 21,000 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing. and skin contact; primary irritant; mildly irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Store at ambient temps. Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages Use Level: 0.5% max. as benzoic acid in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com 1-Hexyl benzoate; n-Hexyl benzoate. See Hexyl benzoate Hexyl butanoate; n-Hexyl butanoate; n-Hexyl nbutanoate. See Hexyl butyrate Hexyl 2-butenoate CAS 19089-92-0; EINECS/ELINCS 242-808-8 FEMA 3354 Synonyms: 2-Butenoic acid, hexyl ester; NHexyl 2-butenoate; Hexyl trans-2-butenoate; Hexyl crotonate Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C10H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity pineapple odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water, propylene glycol; m.w. 170.25; dens. 0.885; flash pt. 193 F; ref. index 1.4380 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, preserves Features: Pineapple-like flavor Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com N-Hexyl 2-butenoate; Hexyl trans-2-butenoate. See Hexyl 2-butenoate Hexyl butyrate CAS 2639-63-6; EINECS/ELINCS 220-136-6 UN 1993; FEMA 2568 Synonyms: Butyric acid, hexyl ester; Hexyl butanoate; n-Hexyl butanoate; n-Hexyl nbutanoate; 1-Hexyl butyrate; n-Hexyl butyrate Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C10H20O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)2COO(CH2)5CH3 Properties: Liq.; apricot-like odor; pineapple-like taste; m.w. 172.27; dens. 0.851; m.p. -78 C; b.p. 205 C; flash pt. 79 C; ref. index 1.4170 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet apricot, pineapple-like Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1-Hexyl butyrate; n-Hexyl butyrate. See Hexyl butyrate γ-N-Hexyl-γ-butyrolactone. See γ-Decalactone Hexyl caproate; Hexyl capronate. See Hexyl hexanoate Hexyl caprylate; n-Hexyl caprylate. See Hexyl octanoate Hexyl cinnamaldehyde. See αHexylcinnamaldehyde α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde CAS 101-86-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-983-3 FEMA 2569 Synonyms: 2-Benzylidene-octanal; Hexyl cinnamaldehyde; Hexyl cinnamic aldehyde; α-n-Hexyl cinnamic aldehyde; α-n-Hexyl-βphenylacrolein; 2-(Phenylmethylene) octanol Classification: Aromatic compd. Empirical: C15H20O Formula: C6H13C(CHO):CHC6H5 Properties: Pale yel. liq., jasmine-like odor; sol. in most fixed oils, min. oil; insol. in glycerol, propylene glycol; m.w. 216.33; dens. 0.95; m.p. 4 C; b.p. 174-176 C (15 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5480-1.5520 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3100 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 2300 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; J.H. Calo Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.jhcalo.com; Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Hexyl cinnamic aldehyde; α-n-Hexyl cinnamic aldehyde. See α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde Hexyl crotonate. See Hexyl 2-butenoate 2-Hexyl-1-decanol. See Isocetyl alcohol 5-Hexyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone. See γDecalactone 4-Hexyl-1,3-dihydroxybenzene. See 4Hexylresorcinol γ-β-Hexylenaldehyde. See trans-2-Hexenal Hexylene. See 1-Hexene Hexylene glycol diacetate. See 1,3-Nonanediol acetate, mixed esters Hexyl ethanoate. See Hexyl acetate Hexyl formate CAS 629-33-4; EINECS/ELINCS 211-087-1 FEMA 2570 Synonyms: Formic acid, hexyl ester; n-Hexyl formate Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C7H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; green fruity odor; sweet taste; sl. sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 130.19; dens. 0.879; m.p. -63 C; b.p. 155-156 C; flash pt. 118 F; ref. index 1.4071 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com n-Hexyl formate. See Hexyl formate Hexyl 2-furoate CAS 39251-86-0; EINECS/ELINCS 254-377-3 FEMA 2571 1362

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C11H16O3 Properties: Colorless to yel. liq.; fatty green wine-like musty odor; m.w. 196.2; sp.gr. 1.017; b.p. 105 C (1 mm Hg); flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.472 (20 C) Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of Co, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; store under nitrogen; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, candy, condiments Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Hexyl hexanoate CAS 6378-65-0; EINECS/ELINCS 228-952-4 FEMA 2572 Synonyms: Hexanoic acid, hexyl ester; Hexyl caproate; Hexyl capronate; n-Hexyl hexanoate; Hexyl hexoate; Hexyl hexylate Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C12H24O2 Properties: Oily liq., herbaceous odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 200.36; dens. 0.863; f.p. -55 C; b.p. 244-246 C; flash pt. 211 F; ref. index 1.4070-1.4090 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trade Names Containing: Passion Fruit Treattarome 9750 n-Hexyl hexanoate; Hexyl hexoate; Hexyl hexylate. See Hexyl hexanoate Hexyl hydride. See Hexane 2-Hexylidene cyclopentanone CAS 17373-89-6; EINECS/ELINCS 241-411-7 FEMA 2573 Synonyms: 2-Hexylidene cyclopentan-1-one; α-Hexylidene cyclopentanone; Jasmalone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C11H18O Properties: Pale yel. cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 166.26; sp. gr. 0.91100 0.91600 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.06% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 2-Hexylidene cyclopentan-1-one; α-Hexylidene cyclopentanone. See 2-Hexylidene cyclopentanone Hexyl isobutanoate; n-Hexyl isobutanoate. See Hexyl isobutyrate Hexyl isobutyrate CAS 2349-07-7; EINECS/ELINCS 219-075-8 FEMA 3172 Synonyms: Hexyl isobutanoate; n-Hexyl isobutanoate; 1-Hexyl isobutyrate; n-Hexyl isobutyrate; Hexyl 2-methylpropanoate; Isobutyric acid, hexyl ester; 2Methylpropanoic acid, hexyl ester; Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, hexyl ester Empirical: C10H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity, ester-like odor; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 172.27; dens. 0.860; vapor dens. 5.9; b.p. 198199 C (@ 1013 mBar); flash pt. 164 F; ref. index 1.410-1.414 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear protective gloves, splashproof goggles; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; COx 1363

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1-Hexyl isobutyrate; n-Hexyl isobutyrate. See Hexyl isobutyrate n-Hexyl isopentanoate. See Hexyl isovalerate Hexyl isovalerate CAS 10032-13-0; EINECS/ELINCS 233-105-7 FEMA 3500 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, hexyl ester; n-Hexyl isopentanoate; Hexyl 3methylbutanoate; Isovaleric acid, hexyl ester; 3-Methylbutyric acid hexyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Definition: Ester of n-hexanol and isovaleric acid Empirical: C11H22O2 Properties: Colorless liq., pungent fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 186.30; dens. 0.853; b.p. 215 C; flash pt. 215 C; ref. index 1.417 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Hexyl lactate CAS 20279-51-0; EINECS/ELINCS 243-676-4 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxy-propanoic acid hexyl ester; 2-Hydroxypropionic acid hexyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C9H18O3 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sweet floral odor; pear-like taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 174.24; sp. gr. 0.9510-0.9570; flash pt. (TCC) 212 F; ref. index 1.4260-1.4320 Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Cooke Aromatics Pty. Ltd http://www.cookearomatics.com.au; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com Hexyl mercaptan; 1-Hexyl mercaptan; n-Hexyl mercaptan. See 1-Hexanethiol Hexyl 2-methylbutanoate. See Hexyl 2methylbutyrate Hexyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Hexyl isovalerate Hexyl methylbutyrate. See Hexyl 2methylbutyrate Hexyl 2-methylbutyrate CAS 10032-15-2; EINECS/ELINCS 233-106-2 FEMA 3499 Synonyms: Hexyl 2-methylbutanoate; Hexyl methylbutyrate; 2-Methylbutanoic acid nhexyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Definition: Ester of n-hexanol and 2methylbutanoic acid Empirical: C11H22O2 Properties: Colorless liq., strong green fruity odor, unripe strawberry taste; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 186.30; dens. 0.858; flash pt. 183 F; ref. index 1.4185; acid value 2.0 max. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed 1364

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Features: Apple, strawberry-like, fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Interchim http://www.interchim.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Hexyl methyl carbinol. See 2-Octanol Hexyl methyl ketone. See Methyl hexyl ketone Hexyl 2-methylpropanoate. See Hexyl isobutyrate Hexyl octanoate CAS 1117-55-1; EINECS/ELINCS 214-247-9 FEMA 2575 Synonyms: Hexyl caprylate; n-Hexyl caprylate; n-Hexyl-n-octanoate; n-Hexyl octylate; Octanoic acid, hexyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Definition: Ester of n-hexanol and caproic acid Empirical: C14H28O2 Properties: Liq., sl. fruity odor, sweet green fruity taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 228.37; dens. 0.87; m.p. -31 C; b.p. 277 C; flash pt. 125 C; ref. index 1.4310 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com n-Hexyl-n-octanoate; n-Hexyl octylate. See Hexyl octanoate Hexyl pentanoate. See Hexyl valerate Hexyl phenylacetate CAS 5421-17-0; EINECS/ELINCS 226-537-2 FEMA 3457 Synonyms: n-Hexyl phenylacetate; Hexyl αtoluate; Phenylacetic acid hexyl ester Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C14H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity odor; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 220.31; dens. 0.970; vapor dens. 7.5; b.p. 264-265 C; flash pt. > 130 C; ref. index 1.4850 Toxicology: Skin, eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, puddings, jams Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com n-Hexyl phenylacetate. See Hexyl phenylacetate α-n-Hexyl-β-phenylacrolein. See αHexylcinnamaldehyde Hexyl propanoate; 1-Hexyl propanoate; n-Hexyl propanoate. See Hexyl propionate 3-Hexyl-2-propenal. See trans-2-Nonenal Hexyl propionate CAS 2445-76-3; EINECS/ELINCS 219-495-1 FEMA 2576 Synonyms: Hexyl propanoate; 1-Hexyl propanoate; n-Hexyl propanoate; 1-Hexyl propionate; Propanoic acid, hexyl ester; Propionic acid, hexyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester 1365

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Ester of n-hexanol and propionic acid Empirical: C9H18O2 Properties: Liq., earthy acrid odor, sweet metallic-fruity taste; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.871; b.p. 180 C; flash pt. 149 F; ref. index 1.4105 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Pear-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1-Hexyl propionate. See Hexyl propionate 4-Hexylresorcine; Hexylresorcinol. See 4Hexylresorcinol 4-Hexylresorcinol CAS 136-77-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-257-4 INS586 Synonyms: 1,3-Dihydroxy-4-hexylbenzene; 4Hexyl-1,3-benzenediol; 4-Hexyl-1,3dihydroxybenzene; 4-Hexylresorcine; Hexylresorcinol; 4-n-Hexylresorcinol; pHexylresorcinol Empirical: C12H18O2 Formula: C6H13C6H13(OH)2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. heavy liq. which solidifies on standing or need.; pungent odor; sharp astringent taste; sl. sol. in water; sol. in benzene, ether, acetone, chloroform, alcohol, glycerol, veg. oils; m.w. 194.30; m.p. 67.5-69 C; b.p. 179 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 550 mg/kg; LDLo (IP, mouse) 50 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 750 mg/kg; poisonous by ing., IP routes; mod. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

toxic by subcut. route; may irritate eyes, skin, respiratory tract; conc. sol'ns. can burn skin and mucous membranes; questionable carcinogen with mutagenic data; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Color retention agent, antioxidant in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 4-n-Hexylresorcinol; p-Hexylresorcinol. See 4Hexylresorcinol 2-Hexyl-tetrahydrofuran-4-yl acetate; 5- Hexyl tetrahydro-3-furanyl acetate. See 2-Hexyl-4acetoxytetrahydrofuran 6-Hexyl-tetrahydropyran-2-one; 6Hexyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one. See δUndecalactone n-Hexylthiol. See 1-Hexanethiol Hexyl α-toluate. See Hexyl phenylacetate Hexyl valerate CAS 1117-59-5; EINECS/ELINCS 214-248-4 Synonyms: Hexyl pentanoate; 1- Hexyl Nvalerate; Hexyl valerianate; Pentanoic acid hexyl ester; Valeric acid hexyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C11H22O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 186.3; sp.gr. 0.863; flash pt. (CC) 90 C; ref. index 1.421 Toxicology: TSCA listed Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in tightly sealed containers, refrigerated and under nitrogen Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com 1- Hexyl N-valerate; Hexyl valerianate. See Hexyl valerate HFCS. See Corn syrup, high fructose Hibiscus abelmoschus; Hibiscus abelmoschus 1366

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference seed absolute; Hibiscus abelmoschus seed oil. See Ambrette (Hibiscus abelmoschus) seed oil Hibiscus extract. See Hibiscus sabdariffa extract Hibiscus moscheutos. See Althea (Althea officinalis) root Hibiscus sabdariffa. See Hibiscus sabdariffa extract Hibiscus sabdariffa extract Synonyms: Hibiscus extract; Hibiscus sabdariffa; Java jute extract; Roselle Definition: Extract of the flowers of Hibiscus sabdariffa Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Hickory bark extract CAS 977023-22-5 FEMA 2577 Definition: Extract derived from Carya spp. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS High-erucic acid rapeseed oil. See Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil High flash naphtha. See Stoddard solvent High fructose corn syrup. See Corn syrup, high fructose His; Histidine (INCI). See L-Histidine L-Histidine CAS 71-00-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-745-3 FEMA 3694 Synonyms: α-Amino-β-imidazolepropionic acid; L-α-Amino-β-imidazolepropionic acid; Glyoxaline-5-alanine; His; Histidine (INCI); L-α-4(or 5)-Imidazolepropionic acid Classification: Essential amino acid Definition: Commercial prod. is the naturally occurring L(-)-enantiomer Empirical: C6H9N3O2 Formula: HOOCCH(NH2)CH2C3H3N2 Properties: Wh. need., plates, or cryst. powd., odorless, sl. bitter taste; sol. in water; very sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 155.16; m.p. 285-287 C (dec.); pH 7.0-8.5 (2%) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 15 g/kg, (oral, mouse) > 15 g/kg; experimental reproductive Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Sensitive to air; keep under argon Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, baked goods, meats, dairy prods., confectionery, frostings; feed additive; flavoring agent in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.310, limitation 2.4%, 172.320; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Bachem http://bachem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/ Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com L-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate. See Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate CAS 6341-24-8 (D-); 5934-29-2 (L-); EINECS/ELINCS 228-733-3 (D-); 211-438-9 (L-) Synonyms: 1-α-Amino-4 (or 5)1367

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference imidazolepropionic acid monohydrochloride; Glyoxaline-5-alanine monohydrochloride; L-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate; Histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate Classification: Amine salt Empirical: C6H12ClN3O3 Formula: C6H9N3O2 • ClH • H2O Properties: Wh. need., plates, or cryst. powd., sl. bitter taste; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 209.63; decomp. 250 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) > 1677 mg/kg Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Uses: Flavoring agent, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.310, limitation 2.4%; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate. See Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate HMP. See Sodium hexametaphosphate HMT; HMTA. See Hexamethylenetetramine Hoarhound extract. See Horehound (Marrubium vulgare) extract HOCH. See Formaldehyde Holland blasam. See Cade oil Homocinnamyl alcohol. See 4-Phenyl-3-buten2-ol Homocreosol. See 4-Ethylguaiacol Homo-cuminic aldehyde. See pIsopropylphenylacetaldehyde Homoethone. See 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4methyl-1-penten-3-one Homofuraneol. See Ethyl furaneol Homoguaiacol. See 2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol Homomenthol. See Trimethylcyclohexanol Honey CAS 8028-66-8; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Clarified honey; Mel; Strained honey Definition: Saccharic secretion gathered by honey bees, Apis mellifera Properties: Lt. ylsh. to reddish brn. thick syrupy liq., char. odor, sweet faintly acrid taste Uses: Sweetener, flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: BP, EP compliance (purified); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alfred L. Wolff GmbH http://www.alwolff.de; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Havero Hoogwegt BV http://www.havero.nl Trade Names: Bionature® Amber Liquid Honey; Bionature® Extra Light Amber Liquid Honey; Bionature® Light Amber Liquid Honey Trade Names Containing: Honi-Bake®; HoniBake® 705; Honi-Flake; Honi-Flake 705; Sweet'n'Neat® 50 Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Roast Honey Nut Coating; Sweet'n'Neat® Oil Roast Honey Nut Coating Hops extract. See Hops (Humulus lupulus) extract Hops (Humulus lupulus) extract CAS 8016-25-9; 8060-28-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-504-3 FEMA 2578 Synonyms: Hops extract; Humulus lupulus; Humulus lupulus extract Definition: Extract derived from Humulus lupulus Properties: Bitter tonic, aromatic flavor Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent, stabilizer in beer Features: Provides flavor and aroma chars. and stability in beer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.560, 173.240, 173.250, 173.255, 173.270, 182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; 1368

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Cosmetochem Int'l. http://www.cosmetochem.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; Kalsec http://www.kalsec.com Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com Trade Names Containing: Aromahop®; Aromahop® OE Hops (Humulus lupulus) oil CAS 8007-04-3 FEMA 2580 Synonyms: Hops oil; Humulus americanus; Humulus americanus oil; Humulus lupulus; Humulus lupulus oil Definition: Volatile oil derived from freshly dried membranous cones of female plants of Humulus lupulus, containing lupulin, alkaloids, valerianic acid Properties: Lt. yel. to brnsh. liq., aromatic odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, water; dens. 0.855-0.880 (15/15 C); ref. index 1.14701.494 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2700 mg/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beer making Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Hops oil. See Hops (Humulus lupulus) oil Hordeum distichon extract. See Barley (Hordeum distichon) extract Horehound extract. See Horehound (Marrubium vulgare) extract Horehound (Marrubium vulgare) extract CAS 84696-20-8; EINECS/ELINCS 283-638-4 FEMA 2581 Synonyms: Hoarhound extract; Horehound Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

extract; Marrubium vulgare; Marrubium vulgare extract Definition: Extract of the herb of the horehound, Marrubium vulgare Properties: Bitter tonic, balsamic Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Herbarium Whole Herb http://www.wholeherbcompany.com/ Horsemint extract; Horsemint leaves extract. See Horsemint (Monarda punctata) extract Horsemint (Monarda punctata) extract CAS 8006-85-7 FEMA 2582 Synonyms: Horsemint extract; Horsemint leaves extract; Monarda; Monarda punctata; Monarda punctata extract; Wild bergamot Definition: Extract derived from leaves of Monarda punctata or other spp. Properties: Ylsh.-red to brn. liq.; thymol-like odor, harsh burning aromatic flavor; dens. 0.923-0.933 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS HPBCD. See Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin HPC. See Hydroxypropylcellulose HPCD. See Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin HPMA. See Polymaleic acid HPMC. See Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HP starch. See Hydroxypropyl starch HQDME. See p-Dimethoxybenzene Huile de ricini. See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Humulus lupulus; Humulus lupulus extract. See Hops (Humulus lupulus) extract Humulus lupulus oil. See Hops (Humulus lupulus) oil Hungarian chamomile flower. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower Hungarian chamomile flower oil; Hungarian chamomile oil. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil HVP. See Hydrolyzed vegetable protein Hyacinthal. See 2-Phenylpropanal Hyacinthin. See Phenylacetaldehyde 1369

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hybrid safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Synonyms: Carthamus tinctorius; Carthamus tinctorius hybrid oil; Carthamus tinctorius oil; Hybrid safflower oil; Safflower oil, hybrid Definition: Oil derived from safflower seeds of a generic strain (hybrid safflower) which contains predominantly oleic acid triglyceride Properties: Bland liq.; insol. in water; sol. in oil Uses: Cooking oil Trade Names: NEOBEE® 18 Hybrid safflower oil. See Hybrid safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Hydantoin, 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5dimethyl-. See DMDM hydantoin Hydrated aluminum silicate. See Kaolin Hydrated amorphous silica. See Silica, amorphous hydrated Hydrated chromic sesquioxide; Hydrated chromium oxide green; Hydrated chromium sesquioxide. See Chromium hydroxide green Hydrated ferric oxide. See Iron (III) oxide hydrated; Iron oxide yellow monohydrate Hydrated lime. See Calcium hydroxide Hydrated silica (INCI). See Silica, hydrated Hydratropalcohol. See 2-Phenyl propanol-1 Hydratropaldehyde. See 2-Phenylpropanal Hydratropaldehyde dimethyl acetal. See 2Phenylpropionaldehyde dimethylacetal Hydratropic alcohol. See 2-Phenyl propanol-1 Hydratropic aldehyde. See 2-Phenylpropanal Hydratropic aldehyde dimethyl acetal. See 2Phenylpropionaldehyde dimethylacetal Hydratropyl alcohol. See 2-Phenyl propanol-1 Hydratropyl butyrate. See 2-Phenylpropyl butyrate Hydratropyl isobutyrate; Hydratropyl 2-methyl propanoate. See 2-Phenylpropyl isobutyrate Hydrochloric acid CAS 7647-01-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-595-7 UN 1050 (DOT); UN 1789 (DOT); UN 2186 (DOT); INS507; E507 Synonyms: Aqueous hydrogen chloride; Chlorhydric acid; HCl; Hydrogen chloride; Muriatic acid; Spirits of salt Classification: Inorganic acid Empirical: ClH Formula: HCl Properties: Colorless fuming gas or liq., pungent odor; sol. in water, alcohol, ether, benzene; insol. in hydrocarbons; m.w. 36.46; dens. 1.639 g/l (gas, 0 C), 1.194 (liq., -26 C); m.p. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

114.3 C; b.p. -84.8 C; pH 1.1 (0.1 N sol'n.); nonflamm. gas Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/CL 5 ppm; mod. toxic by ing.; human poison; mildly toxic to humans by inh.; corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; mutagenic data; experimental teratogen; 35 ppm causes throat irritation on short exposure; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; explosive reaction with many chems.; potentially dangerous reaction with sulfuric acid releases HCl gas; strongly corrosive; incompat. with metals, bases, oxidizing/reducing agents, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight; prevent release of vapor or mist Uses: Acidulant, buffer, neutralizer, pH control agent, processing aid in foods, beer malting; auxiliary for inversion of sucrose, hydrolysis of starch and protein Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §155.191, 155.194, 160.105, 160.185, 172, 172.560, 172.892, 182.1057, GRAS; HAP; Canada DSL; Japan restricted; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for injectables, parenterals, inhalants, intravenous, ophthalmics, orals, otics, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adeka Fine Chem. http://www.adk.co.jp; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Albion Inorganic Chems. http://www.albionchemicals.co.uk Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr Asahi Chem. Ind. http://www.asahikasei.co.jp; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; 1370

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; DPC Ind. http://www.dxsystemsco.com Dover http://www.doverchem.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/ Finnish Chems. Oy http://www.finnishchemicals.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/ Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Olin/Chlor Alkali http://www.olinchloralkali.com; PCI Chems. Canada http://www.piona.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; PVS http://www.pvschemicals.com Pioneer Am. http://www.piona.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Rasa Ind. http://www.rasa.co.jp; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thomas Scientific Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp 1-Hydrochloride arginine. See L-Arginine monohydrochloride Hydrocinnamaldehyde CAS 104-53-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-211-8 FEMA 2887 Synonyms: Benzenepropanal; Benzylacetaldehyde; Dihydrocinnamaldehyde; Dihydrocinnamic aldehyde; Hydrocinnamic aldehyde; Hydrocinnamide; 3-Phenylpropanal; 3Phenyl-1-propanal; 3Phenylpropionaldehyde; βPhenylpropionaldehyde; Phenylpropionic aldehyde; Phenylpropyl aldehyde; 3Phenylpropyl aldehyde Classification: aromatic compd. Empirical: C9H10O Formula: C6H5CH2CH2CHO Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., strong floral hyacinth odor; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 134.19; dens. 1.010-1.020; b.p. 221-224 C; flash pt. 203 F; ref. index 1.5201.532 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 56 mg/kg; poison by IV route; human skin irritant; eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Cinnamon, cherry, plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Hydrocinnamic acetate. See Hydrocinnamyl 1371

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acetate Hydrocinnamic acid CAS 501-52-0; EINECS/ELINCS 207-924-5 FEMA 2889 Synonyms: Benzenepropanoic acid; Benzenepropionic acid; Benzylacetic acid; Dihydrocinnamic acid; Phenylpropanoic acid; 3-Phenylpropanoic acid; Phenylpropionic acid; 3-Phenylpropionic acid; β-Phenylpropionic acid Classification: Aromatic carboxylic acid Empirical: C9H10O2 Formula: C6H5CH2CH2COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., sweet rosy odor; sol. in 170 parts cold water; sol. in hot water, alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether, glac. acetic acid, petroleum ether, CS2, oxygenated, aromatic and chlorinated solvs.; m.w. 150.18; dens. 1.071; m.p. 45-48 C; b.p. 280 C; flash pt. > 112 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 1202 mg/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Hydrocinnamic alcohol CAS 122-97-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-587-6 FEMA 2885 Synonyms: Benzenepropanol; 3Benzenepropanol; Benzylethyl alcohol; Dihydrocinnamic alcohol; Dihydrocinnamyl alcohol; Hydrocinnamyl alcohol; 1-Hydroxy3-phenylpropane; (3-Hydroxypropyl) benzene; Phenethyl carbinol; Phenylethyl carbinol; Phenyl-1-propanol; 3Phenylpropanol; 3-Phenyl-1-propanol; 3Phenylpropan-1-ol; 3-Phenyl-n-propanol; γPhenylpropanol; Phenylpropyl alcohol; 3Phenylpropyl alcohol; γ-Phenylpropyl alcohol; 1-Propanol, 3-phenylHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Classification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C9H12O Formula: C6H5(CH2)3OH Properties: Colorless sl. visc. oily liq., sweet hyacinth-mignonette balsamic odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol, ethanol; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin, paraffin oil; m.w. 136.21; sp.gr. 0.9981.002; m.p. -18 C; b.p. 235 C; flash pt. (TCC) 109 C; ref. index 1.524-1.528 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh.; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water; do not discharge into environment Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, ventilated area away from heat, open flames, ignition sources, light sources; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Mild, floral/balsamic, sl. hyacinth-like fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Hydrocinnamic aldehyde. See 1372

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hydrocinnamaldehyde Hydrocinnamic isobutyrate. See 3-Phenylpropyl isobutyrate Hydrocinnamide. See Hydrocinnamaldehyde Hydrocinnamyl acetate CAS 122-72-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-569-8 FEMA 2890 Synonyms: Hydrocinnamic acetate; 3-Phenyl1-propanol acetate; Phenylpropyl acetate; 3-Phenylpropyl acetate Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: C6H5CH2CH2CH2OOCCH3 Properties: Colorless liq., spicy floral odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 178.25; dens. 1.012; flash pt. > 212 F; ref. index 1.494 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4700 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trade Names Containing: Guava Treattarome 9740 Hydrocinnamyl alcohol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol Hydrocinnamyl caproate. See 3-Phenylpropyl hexanoate Hydrocinnamyl cinnamate. See 3-Phenylpropyl cinnamate Hydrocinnamyl formate. See 3-Phenylpropyl formate Hydrocinnamyl hexanoate. See 3-Phenylpropyl hexanoate Hydrocinnamyl isobutyrate. See 3-Phenylpropyl isobutyrate Hydrocinnamyl isovalerate. See 3-Phenylpropyl isovalerate Hydrocinnamyl methanoate. See 3Phenylpropyl formate Hydrocinnamyl 3-methyl butanoate. See 3Phenylpropyl isovalerate Hydrocinnamyl propionate. See 3-Phenylpropyl propionate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2-Hydrocinnamyl tetrahydrofuran. See 2-(3Phenylpropyl) tetrahydrofuran Hydrocoumarin. See Dihydrocoumarin Hydroessential anissette. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil Hydrogen CAS 1333-74-0 UN 1049 (DOT); UN 1966 (DOT)E949 Synonyms: Hydrogen, compressed; Hydrogen gas; Hydrogen, refrigerated liq.; Molecular hydrogen Classification: Nonmetallic element Empirical: H2 Properties: Colorless gas; odorless; tasteless; very sl. sol. in water, ethanol, ether; m.w. 2.02; m.w. 2.016; dens. 0.0694; f.p. -259.2 C; b.p. 252.8 C; noncorrosive Toxicology: Nontoxic at normal temp. and pressure; asphyxiant gas; can displace oxygen and lead to oxygen deficiency (which can cause increased pulse rate/breathing, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, collapse, unconsciousness, death); TSCA listed Precaution: High flamm. and explosive; dangerous when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; explosive limits in air 4-75% by vol.; flamm. or explosive when mixed with O2, air, or chlorine; violent reactions and explosions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 4, Reactivity 0 Uses: Food additive; hydrogenation of vegetable and animal oils Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Equistar http://www.equistarchem.com; Nova Ltd http://www.novachem.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Olin/Chlor Alkali http://www.olinchloralkali.com; Praxair http://www.praxair.com Voltaix http://www.voltaix.com Hydrogenated canola oil CAS 68334-28-1 Properties: Lt. amber liq.; faint fatty odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.92; vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg; flash pt. (PMCC) > 200 C Toxicology: Inh. of vapors may irritate mucous membranes, cause irritation, dizziness, nausea; may cause eye irritation; thermal skin burns are possible; TSCA listed Precaution: Spillages may be slippery; 1373

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: combustion: CO, CO2, thick smoke NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in well-ventilated area in closed containers @ 10-49 C away from sunlight, heat, sparks, oxidizing agents, excessive heat, ignition sources Uses: Oil, filler fat, shortening for food prods., frying, coating, and spray applics. Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; SARA §311/312/313 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 nonreportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Akorex C Hydrogenated castor oil CAS 8001-78-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-292-2 Synonyms: Castor oil, hydrogenated; Castorwax; Opalwax Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of castor oil, consisting mainly of the triglyceride of hydroxystearic acid Properties: Wh. hard wax; very insol. in water and in the more common org. solvs.; m.w. ≈ 932; m.p. 86-88 C; iodine no. 5 max.; sapon. no. 176-182; hyd. no. 154-162 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; ingestion of large amts. may cause pelvic congestion; TSCA listed Uses: Wax for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.2420, 177.2800, 178.3280; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Amber Syn. http://www.amsyn.com Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Brook-Chem http://www.brookchem.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Cognis http://www.cognis.de; Cornelius Chem. Co. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Freund Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.freund.co.jp J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Kawaken Fine Chems. http://www.kawakenfc.co.jp/; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Seppic http://www.seppic.com; Southern Clay Prods. http://www.scprod.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; SüdChemie Inc http://www.sudchemieinc.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com Vilax http://www.vilax.com; Vliengenthart BV http://www.vliegenthart.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Trade Names: Castorwax® NF Trade Names Containing: Sterotex® K Hydrogenated coco-glycerides Definition: Mixture of mono, di, and triglycerides of hydrogenated coconut oil Uses: Ingred. in food Manuf./Distrib.: U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com Trade Names: Witocan® 42/44 Hydrogenated coconut oil CAS 84836-98-6; EINECS/ELINCS 284-283-8 Synonyms: Coconut oil, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of coconut oil Uses: Clouding agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Nottingham http://www.ppiinc.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Trade Names: Witocan 42/44 1374

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names Containing: DP 40 Hydrogenated corn oil CAS 68525-87-1; EINECS/ELINCS 271-200-5 Synonyms: Corn oil, hydrogenated Uses: Shortenings in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride CAS 61789-07-9; EINECS/ELINCS 263-028-4 Synonyms: Glycerides, cottonseed oil, hydrogenated; Glycerides, cottonseed oil mono-, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of cottonseed glyceride Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Trade Names: Myverol® 18-07; Myverol® 1807K Hydrogenated cottonseed oil CAS 68334-00-9; EINECS/ELINCS 269-804-9 Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of cottonseed oil Properties: Pale yel.; dens. 0.915-0.921; flash pt. 486 F Toxicology: May cause allergic reaction Precaution: Combustible Uses: Food additive; dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Sterotex® NF; Tab Tex Hydrogenated isomaltulose. See Isomalt Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hydrogenated lard glyceride CAS 8040-05-9; 91744-55-7; EINECS/ELINCS 294-619-5 Synonyms: Glycerides, hydrogenated lard mono-; Glycerides, lard mono-, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of lard glyceride Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210 Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Dimodan® HP Trade Names Containing: Dimodan® HA Hydrogenated lard glycerides CAS 91744-48-8; EINECS/ELINCS 294-611-1 Synonyms: Glycerides, lard mono-, di- and tri, hydrogenated; Hydrogenated lard mono-, di- and tri- glycerides Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of lard glycerides Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210 Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Hydrogenated lard mono-, di- and triglycerides. See Hydrogenated lard glycerides Hydrogenated menhaden oil CAS 93572-53-3; 68002-72-2; EINECS/ELINCS 297-485-6 Synonyms: Menhaden oil, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of menhaden oil Properties: Wh. opaque solid, odorless; iodine no. 10 max.; sapon. no. 180-200 Uses: Edible fats or oils; constituent of cotton in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.170, 176.210, 177.2800, 184.1472, 186.1551, GRAS Hydrogenated methyl ester of rosin; Hydrogenated methyl rosinate. See Methyl hydrogenated rosinate Hydrogenated microcrystalline wax CAS 92045-76-6; EINECS/ELINCS 295-458-3 Synonyms: Microcrystalline wax, hydrogenated; Paraffin waxes and 1375

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference hydrocarbon waxes, microcrystalline, hydrotreated Definition: Complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained from residual oils by solvent crystallization, and treated with hydrogen in presence of a catalyst; consists predominantly of sat. hydrocarbons with > C25 Uses: Plasticizer in chewing gum Manuf./Distrib.: Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/ Trade Names Containing: Pionier® 17106 Hydrogenated palatinose. See Isomalt Hydrogenated palm glyceride CAS 67784-87-6; 91744-73-9; 97593-29-8; EINECS/ELINCS 294-638-9 Synonyms: Glycerides, palm oil mono-, hydrogenated; Palm oil glyceride, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of palm glyceride Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 177.2800 Trade Names: Dimodan® PVP Kosher; Myvatex® 8-16K; Myverol® 18-04; Myverol® 18-04K Trade Names Containing: Aldosperse® 38/62 KFG Hydrogenated palm glyceride citrate Definition: Ester of hardened palm oil, glycerin and citric acid Uses: Emulsifier and consistency agent in food Trade Names Containing: Controx® VP Hydrogenated palm glycerides CAS 91744-66-0; EINECS/ELINCS 294-631-0 Synonyms: Glycerides, palm oil mono-, diand tri, hydrogenated; Hydrogenated palm mono-, di- and tri-glycerides Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of palm oil glycerides Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier for foods Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Hydrogenated palm kernel oil CAS 68990-82-9; 84540-04-5; EINECS/ELINCS 273-627-2; 283-093-2 Synonyms: Oils, palm kernel, hydrogenated; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Palm kernel oil, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of palm kernel oil Uses: Hard fat, visc. control agent for foods, chocolate and confectionery prods. Manuf./Distrib.: Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com Trade Names: Cebes® 21-29; Paramount B; Witarix® 212 Trade Names Containing: Cebes® 21-25; CLSP 555; Paramount C Hydrogenated palm mono-, di- and triglycerides. See Hydrogenated palm glycerides Hydrogenated palm oil CAS 8033-29-2; 68514-74-9; EINECS/ELINCS 271-056-3 Synonyms: Oils, palm, hydrogenated; Palm oil, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of palm oil Uses: Consistency agent for fatty foods; coating fat; stabilizer to prevent oil separation in nut paste; crystallization enhancer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Dynasan® P60 Trade Names Containing: DP 644; Myverol® SMG V Hydrogenated palm oil succinylated glyceride Trade Names: Myverol® SMG® VK Hydrogenated peanut oil CAS 68425-36-5; EINECS/ELINCS 270-350-9 Synonyms: Oils, peanut, hydrogenated; Peanut oil, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of peanut oil Uses: Filling fat for chocolate and confectionery prods. Features: Fast solidifying Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.2800; Canada DSL Hydrogenated poly-1-decene CAS 68037-01-4 INS907 Synonyms: Hydrogenated polydec-1-ene; Hydrogenated poly-α-olefin Definition: Mixt. of isoparaffinic molecules of 1376

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference known structure, prepared by hydrogenation of mixts. of tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa-1decenes Formula: C10nH20n+2, where n = 3-6 Properties: Colorless visc. liq.; odorless; sol. in toluene; sl. sol. in ethanol; insol. in water; m.w. 550 avg.; dens. 0.850; b.p. > 316 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4700 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2000 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat) > 5 mg/l; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Glazing agent, release agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Hydrogenated polydec-1-ene; Hydrogenated poly-α-olefin. See Hydrogenated poly-1decene Hydrogenated rapeseed oil CAS 84681-71-0; EINECS/ELINCS 283-532-8 Synonyms: Rape oil, hydrogenated Definition: End-prod. of controlled hydrogenation of rapeseed oil Properties: Acid no. 6 max.; iodine no. 4 max. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener in peanut butter Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.180, 176.210, 177.2800, 184.1555, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Hydrogenated rapeseed oil, superglycerinated CAS 977011-92-9 Uses: Emulsifier in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§184.1555, GRAS Hydrogenated rosin CAS 65997-06-0; EINECS/ELINCS 266-041-3 Synonyms: Rosin, hydrogenated Classification: Thermoplastic acidic resin Definition: Derived from hydrogenation of wood rosin Properties: Solid; soften. pt. (R&B) 68 C; acid no. ≈ 160 Uses: Coatings on fresh citrus fruit Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 178.3870; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: D.B. Becker http://www.dbbecker.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Loos & Dilworth http://www.loosanddilworth.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; PDM http://www.pdmchemicals.com Resinas Sintéticas http://www.resinas.com Hydrogenated soybean glyceride. See Hydrogenated soy glyceride Hydrogenated soybean glycerides. See Hydrogenated soy glycerides Hydrogenated soybean oil CAS 8016-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-410-2 Synonyms: Soybean oil hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of soybean oil Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Migrating to foods from cotton in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 177.2800, 182.70; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welchholme-clark.com Trade Names: Clarity; Dritex S; Lipovol HS-K; Partially Hydro Soybean Oil; Sterotex® HM NF Superb® Oil Hydro Winterized Soybean Oil; Witarix® 440 Trade Names Containing: BFP 64K; BFP 75K; Cake Mix 96; Durkex 100BHA; EC-25® 1377

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Myverol 18-06PK; ProKote™ C; ProKote™ VS; Sterotex® K; Tally® 100 Plus TroKote™ V Hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides; Hydrogenated soybean oil mono-, di- and triglycerides. See Hydrogenated soy glycerides Hydrogenated soybean oil monoglyceride. See Hydrogenated soy glyceride Hydrogenated soy glyceride CAS 61789-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 263-030-5 Synonyms: Glycerides, soya mono-, hydrogenated; Glycerides, soybean oil, hydrogenated, mono; Hydrogenated soybean glyceride; Hydrogenated soybean oil monoglyceride Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of soybean monoglycerides Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 177.2800 Trade Names: Dimodan® H SK-A; Dimodan® O Kosher; Dimodan® PV 300 Kosher; Myverol® 18-06K Hydrogenated soy glycerides CAS 68201-48-9; 91745-04-9; EINECS/ELINCS 294-672-4 Synonyms: Glycerides, soya mono-, di- and tri-, hydrogenated; Hydrogenated soybean glycerides; Hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides; Hydrogenated soybean oil mono-, di- and tri- glycerides Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of a mixture of mono, di and triglycerides derived from soybean oil Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 177.2800 Hydrogenated sperm oil CAS 8016-73-7 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Release agent or lubricant in bakery pans Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.275, 176.180, 176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; PPG Ind. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate CAS 68425-17-2 Definition: A mixture of sorbitol, maltitol, maltitriol, and hydrogenated polysaccharides conatining >3 D-glucopyranosyl units joined by α-1,4-linkages terminated with a D-glucityl unit Properties: Conc. aq. sol'n. or spray-dried powd.; sol. in water Uses: Humectant, texturizer, stabilizer, thickener, and crystal modifying agent in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Lonza http://www.lonza.com Trade Names: Hystar® 3375; Hystar® 4075; Hystar® 5875; Hystar® 6075; Hystar® HM75 Hydrogenated stearic acid Definition: Produced by fully hydrogenating mixtures of saturated and unsaturated tallow fatty acids Properties: Hard wax @ R.T. Uses: Lubricant, release agent, binder, defoamer in foods; intermediate for food emulsifiers Manuf./Distrib.: Lintech Int'l. http://www.2lintech.com/ Hydrogenated tallow CAS 8030-12-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-442-7 Synonyms: Tallow, hardened; Tallow, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of tallow Uses: Raw material for foods; coating fat for salt, spices, citric acid; defoamer for beet sugar and yeast processing; migrating from cotton in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210, 177.2800, 182.70; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com Hydrogenated tallow acid CAS 61790-38-3; EINECS/ELINCS 263-130-9 Synonyms: Acids, tallow, hydrogenated; Fatty acids, tallow, hydrogenated; Tallow acid, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of tallow acid 1378

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer for foods; component of other food additives Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Trade Names: Glycon® S-65 T Hydrogenated tallow alcohol CAS 8030-11-3 Synonyms: Alcohols, tallow, hydrogenated; Tallow alcohol, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of tallow alcohol Uses: In defoamers for beet sugar, yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210, 177.2800 Hydrogenated tallow glyceride CAS 61789-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 263-031-0 Synonyms: Glycerides, hydrogenated tallow mono-; Glycerides, tallow mono-, hydrogenated; Hydrogenated tallow monoglyceride Classification: Fatty acid Definition: Monoglyceride of hydrogenated tallow Properties: Flakes; iodine no. < 1; sapon no. 188 - 195; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, dispersant, opacifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Trade Names Containing: Dimodan® HA Hydrogenated tallow glyceride citrate CAS 68990-59-0; EINECS/ELINCS 273-613-6 Synonyms: Glycerides, tallow mono-, hydrogenated, citrates Definition: Citric acid ester of hydrogenated tallow glyceride Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier for margarine, meats Hydrogenated tallow glyceride lactate CAS 68990-06-7; EINECS/ELINCS 273-576-6 Synonyms: Glycerides, tallow mono-, hydrogenated, lactates Definition: Lactic acid ester of hydrogenated tallow glyceride Properties: Nonionic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Food additive; emulsifier in foods Hydrogenated tallow glycerides CAS 67701-27-3; 68308-54-3; 92128-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 266-945-8; 269-658-6; 295745-3 Synonyms: Glycerides, tallow, hydrogenated; Glycerides, tallow mono-, di- and tri-, hydrogenated; Hydrogenated tallow mono-, di- and tri- glycerides Definition: Mixture of mono, di and triglycerides of hydrogenated tallow acid Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Anar http://anarsoapandchemical.com/ Trade Names: Edenor® NHTi/3 Hydrogenated tallow mono-, di- and triglycerides. See Hydrogenated tallow glycerides Hydrogenated tallow monoglyceride. See Hydrogenated tallow glyceride Hydrogenated vegetable glyceride CAS 61789-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 263-030-5 Synonyms: Glycerides, hydrogenated vegetable mono-; Glycerides, vegetable mono-, hydrogenated Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of vegetable monoglyceride Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210; Canada DSL Trade Names: Myverol® 18-50K Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides CAS 69028-36-0; 100684-29-5; EINECS/ELINCS 309-701-9 Synonyms: Glycerides, vegetable mono-, di-, and tri, hydrogenated; Glycerides, vegetable oil, hydrogenated; Hydrogenated vegetable oil mono-, di-, and triglycerides Definition: Mixture of hydrogenated mono-, di-, and triglycerides of vegetable oil Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer for foods, icings, cream fillings; shelf-life extender in cake mixes, icings; dispersant for coffee whiteners; aerating agent for shortenings 1379

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210 Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides phosphate CAS 85411-01-4 Synonyms: Phosphoric acid, esters with hydrogenated vegetable glycerides Definition: Complex mixture of esters of phosphoric acid and mono- and di-glycerides derived from hydrog. vegetable oil Properties: Anionic Uses: Mold lubricant, release agent, emulsifier for foods Hydrogenated vegetable oil CAS 68334-28-1; 68938-37-4; EINECS/ELINCS 269-820-6 Synonyms: Fats and glyceridic oils, vegetable, hydrogenated; Oils, vegetable, hydrogenated; Vegetable oil, hydrogenated Classification: Fatty acid ester Definition: End prod. of controlled hydrogenation of vegetable oil; mixt. of triglycerides of fatty acids Properties: Wh. fine powd., pale yel. oily liq. above its m.p.; insol. in water; sol. in hot IPA, hexane, chloroform; Type I: m.p. 57-70 C; acid no. 4 max.; iodine no. 0-5; sapon. no. 175-205; Type II: m.p. 20-50 C; acid no. 4 max.; iodine no. 55-80; sapon. no.185-200; nonionic Toxicology: Mild skin irritant; eye irritant Uses: Food ingred.; emulsifier for food processing; cocoa butter replacement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210; USP/NF, BP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; C & P Sales http://www.candpsales.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Efkay Chems. Ltd; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Floratech Am. http://www.floratech.com Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Freund Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.freund.co.jp; Lipo Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holme-clark.com Trade Names: Caprol® ET; Durkex 500; Hydrokote® 112; Paramount H; Paramount X Paramount XX; Pureco® HSC-1; WECOBEE® FS; WECOBEE® M; WECOBEE® S Trade Names Containing: Beta Carotene 1% CWS; Betricing; Betrkake; Hydrokote® 102; Lamequick® CE 6630 Liquid Monobac; Promodan USV Kosher; Textureze™ MT 200 Hydrogenated vegetable oil mono-, di-, and triglycerides. See Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides Hydrogen carboxylic acid. See Formic acid Hydrogen chloride. See Hydrochloric acid Hydrogen, compressed. See Hydrogen Hydrogen dioxide. See Water; Hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen gas. See Hydrogen Hydrogen peroxide CAS 7722-84-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-765-0 UN 2014 (DOT); 2984 Synonyms: Hydrogen dioxide; Hydrogen peroxide solution; Hydroperoxide Classification: Inorganic oxide Empirical: H2O2 Formula: HOOH Properties: Colorless visc. liq., cryst. solid at low temp.; sl. pungent irritating odor; bitter taste; sol. in ether, alcohol; misc. with water; dec. by many org. solvs.; m.w. 34.02; dens. (liq.) 1.450 g/cc (20 C); f.p. -0.41 C; b.p. 150.2 C; nonflamm. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 ppm; LD50 (oral, mouse) 2 g/kg, (skin, rat) 4060 mg/kg; mod. toxic by inh., ing., skin contact; 1380

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; tumorigenic; human mutagenic data Environmental: LC50 (fish, 96 h) 16.4 mg/l; nonbioaccumulative Precaution: Dangerous fire hazard by chem. reaction with flamm. materials; explosion hazard; strong oxidizer; incompat. with acids, bases, metals, reducing agents, org. materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxygen and heat HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, ventilated, noncombustible area away from incompat. materials Uses: Bleaching agent, oxidizing agent, reducing agent, starch modifier, preservative, antimicrobial in foods, cheese whey, corn syrup, dried eggs, milk, starch, tea, wine, wine vinegar, food pkg.; washing/lye peeling of fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.113, 133.118, 133.133, 133.144, 133.195, 160.105, 160.145, 160.185, 172.723, 172.814, 172.892, 173.315, 175.105, 178.1005, 178.1005 (35% sol'n. max.), 178.1010, 184.1366, GRAS; Canada DSL; BATF 27CFR §240.1051 (3 ppm max. in wine), 240.1051a (200 ppm max. in distilling materials); Japan restricted; FDA approved for topicals; BP, EP compliance (sol'n.) Manuf./Distrib.: AP Resources http://www.apr.co.kr; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Belinka http://www.belinka.si; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Burlington Chem. http://www.burco.com Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; DC Chem. http://www.dcchem.co.kr/english/index.asp; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Eka Chems. AB; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Seppic http://www.seppic.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Solvay Interox; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Veckridge; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Hydrogen peroxide sodium carbonate adduct. See Sodium percarbonate Hydrogen peroxide solution. See Hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen, refrigerated liq. See Hydrogen Hydrogen sulfide CAS 7783-06-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-977-3 UN 1053 (DOT); FEMA 3779 Synonyms: Hydrogen sulfuric acid; Hydrogen sulphide; Hydrosulfuric acid; Sewer gas; Sour gas; Stink damp; Sulfureted hydrogen; Sulfur hydride Classification: Sulfide Empirical: H2S Properties: Colorless gas; colorless liq. at low temp. or high pressure; odor of rotten eggs from 0.13-100 ppm; paralyzes sense of smell > 100 ppm; sol. in hydrocarbon solvs., ether, alcohol, glycerol, carbon disulfide; sol. 437 ml of gas/100 ml water (0 C); m.w. 34.08; vapor pressure 20 atm (25.5 C); m.p. -85.5 C; b.p. 60.7 C; pH 4.1 (0.1N aq.) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm; STEL1381

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference TLV 15 ppm; LC50 (inh., rat) 444 ppm; toxic by inh.; 200-250 ppm: severe irritation, headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness; prolonged exposure may cause lung damage; 4-8 h exposure can cause death; exposure above 500 ppm rapidly causes unconsciousness, death; gas may irritate the skin; liq. can cause frostbite; eye irritant; liq. may freeze the eye and cause severe damage or blindness; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. gas; very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; mod. explosive; vigorous reaction with metal powds. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of SOx; high concs. burn to water and sulfur; low concs. burn to water and sulfur dioxide NFPA: Health 4, Flammability 4, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, meats, puddings, soups, beverages, alcoholic beverages, cereals, fats and oils, dairy prods., poultry, egg prods., fish prods., confectionery, hard candy, chewing gum, instant coffee/tea Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Hydrogen sulfite sodium. See Sodium bisulfite Hydrogen sulfuric acid; Hydrogen sulphide. See Hydrogen sulfide α-Hydro-ω-hydroxypoly [oxy (methyl-1,2ethanediyl)]; α-Hydro-ω-hydroxypoly (oxypropylene). See Polypropylene glycol Hydrolysates, oat flour. See Hydrolyzed oat flour Hydrolyzed animal keratin. See Hydrolyzed keratin Hydrolyzed animal protein. See Hydrolyzed collagen Hydrolyzed casein CAS 65072-00-6; EINECS/ELINCS 265-363-1 Synonyms: Casein hydrolysate; Proteins, milk, hydrolysates Definition: Hydrolysate of casein derived by acid, enzyme, or other method of hydrolysis Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Binder, emulsifier, film-former in foods, nutritional prods. Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com; DMV Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.dmv-international.com; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Trade Names: HCA-411 See also Hydrolyzed milk protein Hydrolyzed collagen CAS 92113-31-0; 100085-61-8 Synonyms: Collagen hydrolysates; Hydrolyzed animal protein; Protein, animal, hydrolyzed; Protein hydrolysate; Proteins, collagen, hydrolysate Definition: Hydrolysate of animal collagen derived by acid, enzyme or other method of hydrolysis Properties: Brn. liq.; Anionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: In food curing premixes; flavor enhancer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §161.190, 170.60, 176.170, 573.200; FDA approved for orals, topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Bioiberica http://www.bioiberica.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Jedwards Int'l. http://www.codliveroil.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Nihon Surfactant http://www.nikkol.co.jp/en/group_nissa.htm l; PB Leiner USA http://www.gelatin.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/; Spectrum Quality Prods. 1382

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vincience Trade Names: Alomine 042 Trade Names Containing: Alomine 223 Hydrolyzed gelatin CAS 68410-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 270-082-2; 293-481-3 Synonyms: Gelatin hydrolysate; Gelatins, hydrolysates Definition: Enzymatic digest produced by hydrolysis of gelatin Uses: Nutrient, protective colloid, film-former, moisturizer in ice cream, meal supplements, desserts, jellies Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Maybrook; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; PB Leiner USA http://www.gelatin.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Seppic http://www.seppic.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Trade Names: Byco 1500; Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O Vee Gee Beef Hide Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Bone Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Calf Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Fish Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Porkskin Hydrolysate Gelatin Trade Names Containing: Dry Vitamin E Acetate 50% SD Hydrolyzed keratin CAS 69430-36-0; EINECS/ELINCS 274-001-1 Synonyms: Hydrolyzed animal keratin; Keratin, hydrolyzed; Keratins, hydrolysates Definition: Hydrolysate of keratin derived by acid, enzyme or other form of hydrolysis Uses: Flavor enhancer in soup bases Manuf./Distrib.: Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Organica Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trading http://www.organica-trading.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Hydrolyzed lacalbumin. See Whey protein Hydrolyzed lactose CAS 977126-93-4 Uses: Ingred. in cheeses Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§133.124, 133.178, 133.179 Hydrolyzed milk protein CAS 8049-98-7; 92797-39-2; EINECS/ELINCS 296-575-2 Synonyms: Protein hydrolysates, milk; Proteins, milk, hydrolysate Definition: Hydrolysate of milk protein derived by acid, enzyme or other method of hydrolysis Properties: Sol. in water Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Flavoring agent, binder, emulsifier, film-former in foods, bologna, salami, sauces, stuffing, nutritional prods. Regulatory: USDA 9CFR §318.7 Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Maybrook; Seppic http://www.seppic.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Universal Preserv-AChem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Barpro™; Emser® 555 Hydrolyzed oat flour Synonyms: Hydrolysates, oat flour; Oat flour, hydrolysates; Oat flour, hydrolyzed Definition: Hydrolysate of oat flour derived by acid, enzyme, or other method of hydrolysis Uses: Fat replacement for low-fat foods, baked goods, salad dressings, confections, meats; thickener, texturizer in foods Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide. See Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer Hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride. See Polymaleic acid Hydrolyzed protein CAS 73049-73-7 1383

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference INS429 Synonyms: Casamino acid; Peptone; Peptone enzymatic hydrolysate; Peptones; Protein hydrolysates; Tryptones Definition: Mixt. of amino acids and peptides with varying composition Properties: Amphoteric Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, processing aid, flavor enhancer, emulsifier in foods; foam stabilizer in beer; dough conditioner in baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1553, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Bioiberica http://www.bioiberica.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Procol CLA Hydrolyzed sodium caseinate Uses: Protein supplement in foods Trade Names Containing: Emser® 736 Hydrolyzed vegetable protein CAS 100209-45-8; 977059-33-8; EINECS/ELINCS 309-353-8 Synonyms: HVP; Protein hydrolysates, vegetable; Proteins, vegetable, hydrolysate; Protein, vegetable, hydrolyzed; Vegetable protein hydrolysate; Vegetable protein, hydrolyzed Definition: Hydrolysate of vegetable protein derived by acid, enzyme or other method of hydrolysis Properties: Sol. in water Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Flavoring agent, flavor enhancer for foods, bologna, salami, sauces, stuffing, savory packet mixes, sauces mixes, snack foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §139.117, 155.120, 155.170, 155.130, 155.200, 155.201, 170.60; USDA 9CFR §318.7 Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Haco Ltd http://www.haco.ch; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au Trade Names: Exter™ Family Hydrolyzed wheat protein CAS 70084-87-6; 94350-06-8; EINECS/ELINCS 305-225-0; 309-696-3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Protein hydrolysates, wheat germ; Proteins, wheat, hydrolyzed; Wheat protein hydrolysate Definition: Hydrolysate of wheat protein derived by acid, enzyme or other method of hydrolysis Properties: Amber liq., char. proteinaceous odor; sol. in water; sp.gr. 1.1; b.p. 215-230 F Toxicology: Nontoxic Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents; burning may produce oxides of carbon and nitrogen Uses: Ingred. in food Trade Names: Pro V2 Hydrolyzed whey protein Uses: Binder, emulsifier, film-former for nutritional applics. Trade Names: HLA-198; Thermax® 690 Hydromagnesite. See Magnesium carbonate hydroxide; Magnesium carbonate Hydroperoxide. See Hydrogen peroxide m-Hydroquinone. See Resorcinol Hydroquinone dimethyl ether. See pDimethoxybenzene Hydroquinone ethyl ether CAS 622-62-8; EINECS/ELINCS 210-748-1 FEMA 3695 Synonyms: 1- Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzene; Hydroquinone monoethyl ether Empirical: C8H10O2 Properties: Wh. crystals; sol. in alcohol, dipropylene glycol, and propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 138.16; dens. 1.076 ± 0.06 g/cc; m.p. 65-67 C; ref. index 1.526 ± 0.02 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, meats, soft candy, puddings, beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.170, 177.2600; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; ProSynth Ltd http://www.prosynth.com Hydroquinone monoethyl ether. See Hydroquinone ethyl ether Hydrosilicic acid. See Silica, hydrated Hydrosulfuric acid. See Hydrogen sulfide Hydrotreated kerosene; Hydrotreated light distillate; Hydrotreated light distillate 1384

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference (petroleum); Hydrotreated light petroleum distillates. See Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated light Hydrotreated middle distillate; Hydrotreated middle petroleum distillate. See Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated middle Hydrotreated naphtha. See Naphtha Hydrous citric acid. See Citric acid monohydrate Hydrous magnesium calcium silicate; Hydrous magnesium silicate. See Talc Hydroxyacetal. See Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal 2-Hydroxyacetophenone. See oHydroxyacetophenone o-Hydroxyacetophenone CAS 118-93-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-288-0 FEMA 3548 Synonyms: Acetophenone, 2´-hydroxy-; 2Acetylphenol; o-Acetylphenol; Ethanone, 1(2-hydroxyphenyl)-; 2-HAP; 2Hydroxyacetophenone; o-Hydroxyphenyl methyl ketone Classification: Aromatic ketone Empirical: C8H8O2 Formula: HOC6H4COCH3 Properties: Greenish-yel. liq.; sweet heavy floral herbaceous odor; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 136.15; dens. 1.131; m.p. 46 C; b.p. 213 C (717 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5580 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 100 mg/kg; poison by IP route; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

L-β-Hydroxyalanine. See L-Serine Hydroxyaluminum distearate. See Aluminum distearate 4-Hydroxy-m-anisaldehyde; p-Hydroxy-manisaldehyde. See Vanillin 2-Hydroxyanisole; o-Hydroxyanisole. See Guaiacol Hydroxyanisole, butylated. See BHA 2-Hydroxy-1,1´-azonaphthalene-3,6,4´-trisulfonic acid trisodium salt. See Amaranth 2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde. See Salicylaldehyde 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde. See pHydroxybenzaldehyde o-Hydroxybenzaldehyde. See Salicylaldehyde p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde CAS 123-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-599-1 FEMA 3984 Synonyms: 4-Formyl phenol; p-Formyl phenol; 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde; pOxybenzaldehyde; Parahydroxybenzaldehyde Empirical: C7H6O2 Formula: HOC6H4CHO Properties: Colorless need., sl. agreeable aromatic odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, acetone, MIBK, hot water, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; m.w. 122.12; dens. 1.129; m.p. 114-117 C; b.p. sublimes Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: BCH Brühl http://www.bchbruehl.de; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Nippon Fine Chem. http://www.nipponseika.co.jp Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 1385

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hydroxybenzene. See Phenol 4-Hydroxybenzenecarboxylic acid. See 4Hydroxybenzoic acid 5-Hydroxy-1,3-benzodioxole. See Sesamol 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid. See Isoamyl salicylate; Salicylic acid 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid CAS 99-96-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-804-9 FEMA 3986 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-; Benzoic acid, p-hydroxy-; 4-Carboxyphenol; 4Hydroxybenzenecarboxylic acid; pHydroxybenzoic acid; p-Salicylic acid Classification: Aromatic acid Empirical: C7H6O3 Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. 5000 mg/l in water; m.w. 138.12; m.p. 214-217 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg, (IP, rat) 340 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 1050 mg/kg; may be harmful by ing., inh., or skin absorp.; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may cause muscle weakness, dyspnea, somnolence, ataxia, liver/kidney changes, wt. loss, flaccid paralysis without anesthesia; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; capable of creating dust explosion in powd. form Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, phenol; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Wilshire http://users.aol.com/wilshrchem/chmlist2.ht m o-Hydroxybenzoic acid. See Salicylic acid p-Hydroxybenzoic acid. See 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, butyl ester. See Butyl salicylate 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester; pHydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester. See Butylparaben p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, butyl ester, sodium salt. See Sodium butylparaben 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester; pHydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethylparaben 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, ethyl ester, sodium salt. See Sodium ethylparaben 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl salicylate 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester. See Methylparaben o-Hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl salicylate 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester, sodium salt. See Sodium methylparaben 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 1-methylethyl ester. See Isopropylparaben 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutylparaben 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, pentyl ester. See Amyl salicylate 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid 2-phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl salicylate 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid phenyl ester. See Phenyl salicylate 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester; pHydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester. See 1386

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Propylparaben p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester, sodium deriv.; 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester, sodium salt. See Sodium propylparaben 4-Hydroxybenzylacetone; pHydroxybenzylacetone. See 4-(pHydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone α-Hydroxybenzyl phenyl ketone. See Benzoin 2-Hydroxybiphenyl; 2-Hydroxy-1,1´-biphenyl; oHydroxybiphenyl. See o-Phenylphenol 2-Hydroxybiphenyl sodium salt. See Sodium ophenylphenate 1-Hydroxybutane. See Butyl alcohol 2-Hydroxybutane. See 2-Butanol Hydroxybutanedioic acid. See NHydroxysuccinic acid 3-Hydroxybutanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate 4-Hydroxybutanoic acid lactone. See Butyrolactone 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone. See Acetyl methyl carbinol DL-β-Hydroxy-n-butric acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate 4-Hydroxy-3-t-butylanisole. See 3-t-Butyl-4hydroxyanisole γ-Hydroxybutyric acid cyclic ester. See Butyrolactone 3-Hydroxybutyric acid ethyl ester; DL-3Hydroxybutyric acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl 3hydroxybutyrate 4-Hydroxybutyric acid γ-lactone; γHydroxybutyric acid lactone; γHydroxybutyrolactone. See Butyrolactone 2-Hydroxycamphane. See DL-Borneol Hydroxy-β-carotene. See Kryptoxanthin Hydroxycellulose. See Cellulose 1-Hydroxy-2-chloropropane. See 2-Chloro-1propanol 3-β-Hydroxycholest-5-ene. See Cholesterol Hydroxycitronellal CAS 107-75-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-518-7 FEMA 2583 Synonyms: Citronellal hydrate; Citronellal, hydroxy-; 3,7-Dimethyl-7-hydroxyoctanal; 3,7-Dimethyl-7-hydroxyoctan-1-al; 3,7Dimethyl-7-hydroxy-octane-1-al; 7Hydroxycitronellal; Hydroxydihydrocitronellal; 7Hydroxydihydrocitronellal; 7-Hydroxy-3,7dimethyloctanal; 7-Hydroxy-3,7dimethyloctan-1-al; Lilyl aldehyde; Musuet Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

synthetic; Musuettine principle; 1-Octanal3,7-dimethyl-7-hydroxy; Octanal, 7-hydroxy3,7-dimethylClassification: acrylic terpene aldehyde Empirical: C10H20O2 Formula: CH3CH3OHCCH2CH2CH2CH3CHCH2CHO Properties: Colorless to pale yel. visc. liq., sweet floral, lily odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 172.30; dens. 0.918-0.923; b.p. 94-96 C (1 mm); flash pt. > 212 F; ref. index 1.447-1.450 Toxicology: Skin irritant; allergen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Fresh, floral, green, typical lily-of-thevalley type fragrance and flavor Use Level: < 20%; 1% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Japan approved as flavoring (ENCS no. 2-532); Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/ Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; MP Biomedicals http://www.mpbio.com Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com 7-Hydroxycitronellal. See Hydroxycitronellal 1387

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hydroxycitronellal diethyl acetal CAS 7779-94-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-945-9 FEMA 2584 Synonyms: 8,8-Diethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-octanol2; 2-Octanol, 8.8-diethoxy-2,6-dimethylEmpirical: C14H30O3 Properties: Colorless sl. oily liq.; floral lily, muguet odor; delicate green-floral taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 246.39; sp.gr. 0.898-0.908; b.p. 260 C; flash pt. (CC) 110 C; ref. index 1.435-1.442 (20 C) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf.-water Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, water NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources and open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; DOT nonregulated; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal CAS 141-92-4; EINECS/ELINCS 205-510-9 FEMA 2585 Synonyms: 1,1-Dimethoxy-3,7-dimethyl-7octanol; 8,8-Dimethoxy-2,6-dimethyloctanol-2; 8,8-Dimethyl-2,6-dimethyl-2octanol; Hydroxyacetal; Hydroxycitronellal dimethylacetyl; Hydroxycitronellal DMA; Hydroxydihydrocitronellal dimethyl acetal; 7-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl octanal:acetal; 7Hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl octanal dimethyl acetal; Laurine dimethyl acetal; Octanal, 7hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-, dimethyl acetal; 2Octanol, 8,8-dimethoxy-2,6-dimethylClassification: acrylic terpene aldehyde Empirical: C12H26O3 Properties: Colorless liq., lt. green flowery odor; sol. in alcohol, most fixed oils, min. oil, propylene glycol; insol. in glycerol; m.w. 218.34; dens. 0.925-0.930; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.4410-1.4440 Toxicology: Primary irritant; severe skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Hydroxycitronellal dimethylacetyl; Hydroxycitronellal DMA. See Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal Hydroxycitronellol CAS 107-74-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-517-1 FEMA 2586 Synonyms: Citronellol, hydroxy-; 3,7Dimethyl-7-hydroxy-1-octanol; 3,7Dimethyloctane-1,7-diol; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,7octanediol; 7-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctan-1ol; 1,2-Octanediol, 3,7-dimethyl-; 1-Octanol, 3,7-dimethyl-7-hydroxyEmpirical: C10H22O2 Properties: Colorless visc. liq., rosy grape odor; sl. sol. in toluene, benzene; m.w. 174.29; dens. 0.935; b.p. 156 C (15 mm); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.4550-1.4600 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Floral, green, begonia-like fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com 2-Hydroxycumene. See o-Isopropylphenol 1388

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 3-Hydroxycyclohexadien-1-one. See Resorcinol 2-Hydroxy-p-cymene. See Carvacrol 3-Hydroxy-p-cymene. See Thymol 8-Hydroxy-p-cymene; α-Hydroxy-p-cymene. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol 1-Hydroxydecane. See Decyl alcohol 4-Hydroxydecanoic acid lactone; 4Hydroxydecanoic acid, γ-lactone; Hydroxydecanoic acid-γ-lactone. See γDecalactone Hydroxydihydrocitronellal; 7Hydroxydihydrocitronellal. See Hydroxycitronellal Hydroxydihydrocitronellal dimethyl acetal. See Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal 3-Hydroxy-4,5-dihydroxymethyl-2methylpyridine HCl. See Pyridoxine HCl 1-Hydroxy-3,4-dimethylbenzene; 4-Hydroxy-1,2dimethylbenzene. See 3,4-Xylenol 2-Hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one. See 3,4-Dimethylcyclopentane-1,2-dione

Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ Trade Names: Pineapple Ketone, Natural

4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H) furanone CAS 3658-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 222-908-8 FEMA 3174 Synonyms: Alletone; Alnose; Dimethylhydroxy furanone; 2,5-Dimethyl-4hydroxy-3-furanone; 2,5-Dimethyl-4hydroxy-3-(2H)-furanone; Furaneol; 3(2H)Furanone, 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-; Pineapple ketone; Strawberry furanone Classification: Nonaromatic ketone Empirical: C6H8O3 Properties: Colorless cryst.; pineapple-like odor; 8-18% sol. in water; m.w. 128.13; dens. 1.049; m.p. 78-80 C; b.p. 188 C; flash pt. (TCC) > 100 C; ref. index 1.4390 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 1608 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; wear protective clothing; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating vapors Storage: Air-sensitive; refrigerate; handle and store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Strawberry-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence

7-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanal; 7-Hydroxy-3,7dimethyloctan-1-al. See Hydroxycitronellal 7-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl octanal:acetal; 7Hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl octanal dimethyl acetal. See Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal 7-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctan-1-ol. See Hydroxycitronellol 3-Hydroxy-4,5-dimethylol-α-picoline. See Pyridoxine 3-Hydroxy-4,5-dimethylol-α-picoline hydrochloride. See Pyridoxine HCl 2-Hydroxydiphenyl; o-Hydroxydiphenyl. See oPhenylphenol 2-Hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanone. See Benzoin 2-Hydroxydiphenyl sodium salt. See Sodium ophenylphenate 1-Hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonoethane. See Etidronic acid 1-Hydroxydodecane. See Lauryl alcohol 4-Hydroxydodecanoic acid γ-lactone. See γDodecalactone 5-Hydroxydodecanoic acid, δ-lactone. See δDodecalactone 1-Hydroxyethanecarboxylic acid; 1Hydroxyethane 1-carboxylic acid. See Lactic acid 1-Hydroxy-1,2-ethanedicarboxylic acid. See NHydroxysuccinic acid Hydroxyethanediphosphonic acid. See Etidronic acid Hydroxy ether. See Ethoxyethanol

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 4-Hydroxy-3-ethoxybenzaldehyde. See Ethyl vanillin 2-[2-(2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy) ethoxy) ethoxy] ethanol. See PEG-4 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy) ethyl ester stearic acid; 2(2-Hydroxyethoxy) ethyl stearate. See PEG-2 stearate 2-Hydroxyethylamine; β-Hydroxyethylamine. See Ethanolamine β-Hydroxyethylbenzene. See Phenethyl alcohol β-Hydroxyethyldimethylamine. See Dimethylethanolamine 2-Hydroxyethyl ester stearic acid. See Glycol stearate Hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose (INCI). See Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (1-Hydroxyethylidene) bisphosphonic acid; (1Hydroxyethylidene) diphosphonic acid; 1Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid. See Etidronic acid 3-(1-Hydroxyethylidene)-6-methyl-2H-pyran2,4(3H)-dione sodium salt. See Sodium dehydroacetate 1-Hydroxyethyl methyl ketone. See Acetyl methyl carbinol 2-Hydroxyethyl octadecanoate. See Glycol stearate 3-Hydroxy-2-ethyl-4-pyrone. See Ethyl maltol 2-Hydroxyethyl stearate. See Glycol stearate (2-Hydroxyethyl) trimethyl ammonium bitartrate. See Choline bitartrate (2-Hydroxyethyl) trimethylammonium chloride. See Choline chloride Hydroxyheptane; 1-Hydroxyheptane. See Heptyl alcohol 2-Hydroxyheptane. See 2-Heptanol 3-Hydroxyheptane. See 3-Heptanol 4-Hydroxyheptanoic acid lactone; 4Hydroxyheptanoic acid, γ-lactone. See γHeptalactone 23-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21-heptaoxatricos-1-yl octadecanoate. See PEG-8 stearate 16-Hydroxy-6-hexadecenoic acid, ω-lactone. See Ambrettolide 1-Hydroxy-2,4-hexadiene. See 2,4-Hexadienol 1-Hydroxyhexane. See Hexyl alcohol 4-Hydroxyhexanoic acid lactone; 4Hydroxyhexanoic acid γ-lactone. See γHexalactone 5-Hydroxyhexanoic acid lactone. See δHexalactone o-Hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid-[GD]-lactone. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

See Dihydrocoumarin α-Hydroxy-ω-hydroxypoly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl). See Polyethylene glycol p-(Hydroxyisopropyl) toluene. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol Hydroxylated lecithin CAS 8029-76-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-440-6 Synonyms: Lecithin, hydroxylated Definition: Prod. obtained by the controlled hydroxylation of lecithin Properties: Lt. yel. liq. to paste, char. odor; mod. sol. in water Toxicology: Nontoxic; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, clouding agent, defoamer in foods, bakery prods., beet sugar, dry mix beverages, margarine, yeast; in defoamers for beet sugar, yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 136.115, 136.130, 136.160, 136.180, 172.814, 173.340, 176.170, 176.200; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Cargill Texturizing Solutions Deutschland http://www.cargilltexturizing.com; Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Solae http://www.solae.com Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Alcolec® Z-3; Emulfluid® HL 66; Solec™ A; Solec™ S; Thermolec WFC Yelkin® 1018 Trade Names Containing: Alcolec® HWS; DriMol® 604; Flo-Malt®; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 Sweet'N'Neat® 7000 Dry Malt Flakes; Sweet'N'Neat® Dry Raisin Flakes; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder Hydroxylated soybean fatty acids Synonyms: Hydroxylated soybean oil fatty acids; Soybean oil fatty acids, hydroxylated Uses: In defoamers for beet sugar, yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340 Hydroxylated soybean oil fatty acids. See Hydroxylated soybean fatty acids 3-Hydroxymalic acid. See L-Tartaric acid 4-Hydroxy-meta-anisaldehyde isobutyrate. See Vanillin isobutyrate 1390

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-allylbenzene; 4Hydroxy-3-methoxyallylbenzene. See Eugenol 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde. See Vanillin 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde 2-methyl propionate. See Vanillin isobutyrate 1-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzene. See Guaiacol 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzene methanol; 4Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol. See Vanillyl alcohol N-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl) nonanamide. See Pelargonyl vanillylamide; Nonanoyl 4hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamide 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid. See Ferulic acid 1-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-ethylbenzene. See 4Ethylguaiacol 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-1-methylbenzene. See 2Methoxy-4-methylphenol 6-Hydroxy-5-[(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4sulfophenyl) azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid disodium salt. See FD&C Red No. 40 4-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone; (4Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl methyl ketone. See Zingerone 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl methanol. See Vanillyl alcohol 1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propane; (4Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propane. See Dihydroeugenol 3-(4-Hydroxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid. See Ferulic acid 1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propylene; 1Hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-propenylbenzene. See Isoeugenol 1-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-prop-2-enylbenzene. See Eugenol 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxypropylbenzene. See Dihydroeugenol 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxystyrene. See 2-Methoxy-4vinylphenol 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxytoluene. See 2-Methoxy-4methylphenol Hydroxymethyl anethol; Hydroxymethyl anethole. See Propenylguaethol 2-Hydroxy-5-methylanisole. See 2-Methoxy-4methylphenol (Hydroxymethyl) benzene. See Benzyl alcohol 1-Hydroxy-2-methylbenzene. See o-Cresol 1-Hydroxy-3-methylbenzene. See m-Cresol 1-Hydroxy-4-methylbenzene. See p-Cresol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1-butene. See 2-Methyl-3buten-2-ol 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one. See 3-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-2-ol-1-one; Methyl cyclopentenolone Hydroxy-3-methylcyclopent-2-en-1-one. See 3Methyl-2-cyclopenten-2-ol-1-one 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol CAS 88-26-6; EINECS/ELINCS 201-815-6 Synonyms: Benzenemethanol, 3,5-bis (1,1dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-; Benzyl alcohol, 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-; Butylated hydroxymethyl phenol; 3,5-Di-t-butyl-4hydroxybenzyl alcohol; 2,6-Di-t-butyl-4(hydroxymethyl) phenol Empirical: C15H24O2 Formula: [(CH3)3C]2C6H2(OH)(CH2OH) Properties: Wh. cryst. or yel. cyrst. powd.; odorless; partly sol. in methanol, ethanol, acetone; insol. in water; bulk dens. 26 lb/ft3; vapor pressure 0.03 mm Hg (100 C); solid. pt. 140-141 C; b.p. 162 C (2.6 mm); flash pt. 190.5 C Toxicology: Toxic by ing.; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may be harmful by inh. or skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Preservative, antioxidant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.150, 178.2550; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 2-Hydroxymethyl-6,6-dimethyl bicyclo (3.1.1) hept-2. See Myrtenol 2-Hydroxy-1-methylethanol. See Isopropanolamine 2-Hydroxymethylfuran. See Furfuryl alcohol 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-heptanone CAS 65405-68-7 FEMA 2804 Synonyms: 2-Acetyl-1-hexanol; Methylol methyl amyl ketone Classification: Aliphatic ketone Empirical: C8H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; powerful, herbaceous, 1391

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference fruity, mildly spicey odor; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; sp. gr. 0.945-0.949; b.p. 94.6 C (8-9 mm Hg); ref. index 1.444-1.447 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515 3-(hydroxymethyl) heptan-2-one. See 3Octanon-1-ol 1-Hydroxymethyl-4-isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene. See Perillyl alcohol 3-Hydroxy-1-methyl-4-isopropylbenzene. See Thymol 4-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenol. See Vanillyl alcohol 4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1-methylbenzene. See 2Methoxy-4-methylphenol 1-Hydroxymethylpropane. See Isobutyl alcohol 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one. See Maltol 5-Hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4-pyridinedicarbinol hydrochloride. See Pyridoxine HCl 5-Hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4-pyridinedimethanol. See Pyridoxine 5-Hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4-pyridinedimethanol hydrochloride. See Pyridoxine HCl 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyrone; 3-Hydroxy-2methyl-γ-pyrone. See Maltol 3-Hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-sulfophenyl) azo]-2naphthalenecarboxylic acid, calcium salt. See Litholrubine BK 4-Hydroxynonanoic acid lactone; 4Hydroxynonanoic acid, γ-lactone. See γNonalactone 1-Hydroxy-3-nonanone acetate. See 3-Nonanon1-yl acetate 12-Hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid 2,3dihydroxypropyl ester. See Glyceryl ricinoleate 12-Hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol. See Propylene glycol ricinoleate 12-Hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol. See Glyceryl ricinoleate 1-Hydroxyoctane. See Caprylic alcohol 2-Hydroxyoctane. See 2-Octanol 4-Hydroxyoctanoic acid lactone; 4Hydroxyoctanoic acid, γ-lactone. See γOctalactone 5-Hydroxy-4-octanone CAS 496-77-5; EINECS/ELINCS 207-830-4 FEMA 2587 Synonyms: Butyroin; 5- Hydroxyoctan-4-one; 5-Octanol-4-one; 4-Octanone, 5-hydroxyHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH(OH)COCH2CH2CH3 Properties: Ylsh. liq., buttery nut-like odor, sweet buttery oily taste; m.w. 144.21; dens. 0.9231; b.p. 182 C; flash pt. 79.4 C; ref. index 1.4290 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 5- Hydroxyoctan-4-one. See 5-Hydroxy-4octanone (R)-12-Hydroxyoleic acid, monoester with 1,2propanediol. See Propylene glycol ricinoleate γ-Hydroxy-β-oxobutane. See Acetyl methyl carbinol 15-Hydroxypentadecanoic acid lactone; 15Hydroxypentadecanoic acid, ω-lactone. See Pentadecalactone 2-Hydroxypentane. See s-Amyl alcohol 4-Hydroxypentanoic acid lactone. See γValerolactone 17-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadec-1-yl octadecanoate. See PEG-6 stearate 3-Hydroxyphenol; m-Hydroxyphenol. See Resorcinol 2-Hydroxy-2-phenylacetophenone; α-Hydroxy-αphenylacetophenone. See Benzoin 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) alanine; l-β-(pHydroxyphenyl) alanine. See L-Tyrosine 2-Hydroxy-4-phenyl butane. See 4-Phenyl-2butanol 1-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-butanone; 4-(4Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone. See 4-(pHydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone 4-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone CAS 5471-51-2; EINECS/ELINCS 226-806-4 1392

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FEMA 2588 Synonyms: 2-Butanone, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-; Frambinone; 4-Hydroxybenzylacetone; pHydroxybenzylacetone; 1-(pHydroxyphenyl)-3-butanone; 4-(4Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone; p-Hydroxy phenyl butanone; 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) ethyl methyl ketone; Oxyphenalon; Oxyphenylon; Raspberry ketone Classification: Ketone; aromatic alcohol Empirical: C10H12O2 Properties: Wh. cryst. solid; sweet, warm, fruit, raspberry odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; < 1% sol. in water; m.w. 164.22; m.p. 81-86 C; flash pt. > 212 F; tenacity > 1 wk. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1320 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 350 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; irritating to eyes, respiratory system, skin; may cause skin sensitization; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear suitable gloves, eye/face protection; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet raspberry-like flavor and fragrance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; FCC; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (3-2930); Japan MITI: Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown Capital http://www.crown-capital.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com p-Hydroxy phenyl butanone. See 4-(pHydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone 5-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxane. See Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) ethyl methyl ketone. See 4(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone o-Hydroxyphenyl methyl ketone. See oHydroxyacetophenone 1-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropane. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol 3-Hydroxy-2-picoline-4,5-dimethanol. See Pyridoxine Hydroxyproline (INCI); 4-Hydroxy-L-proline. See L-Hydroxyproline L-Hydroxyproline CAS 51-35-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-091-9 Synonyms: Hydroxyproline (INCI); 4-HydroxyL-proline; 4-Hydroxy-2-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid; Hyp; L-Proline, 4-hydroxyClassification: Nonessential amino acid Definition: Derived from proline; occurs in gelatin and collagen Empirical: C5H9NO3 Formula: HOC4H7NCOOH Properties: Colorless cryst.; very sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 131.13; m.p. 270 C; optically active Uses: Dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com 1393

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Kyowa Hakko USA http://www.kyowa-usa.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com 1-Hydroxypropane. See Propyl alcohol 2-Hydroxypropane. See Isopropyl alcohol 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid; 2Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid. See Citric acid 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium citrate 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, diammonium salt. See Ammonium citrate dibasic 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol monooctadecanoate. See Glyceryl stearate citrate 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid monohydrate. See Citric acid monohydrate 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, monooctadecyl ester. See Stearyl citrate 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, monosodium salt. See Sodium citrate 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, triethyl ester. See Triethyl citrate 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid trilithium salt. See Lithium citrate 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, trioctadecyl ester. See Tristearyl citrate 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, tripotassium salt. See Potassium citrate 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, zinc salt. See Zinc citrate 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid. See Lactic acid 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid butyl ester. See Butyl lactate 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, calcium salt; 2Hydroxypropanoic acid, calcium salt (2:1). See Calcium lactate 2-Hydroxy-propanoic acid hexyl ester. See Hexyl lactate 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, 5-methyl-2-(1methylethyl) cyclohexyl ester. See Menthyl lactate 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid monosodium salt. See Sodium lactate 2-Hydroxypropanol. See Propylene glycol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2-Hydroxy-5-propenylanisole. See Isoeugenol 2-Hydroxypropionic acid; α-Hydroxypropionic acid. See Lactic acid 2-Hydroxypropionic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl lactate (S)-(-)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl-(S)-lactate 2-Hydroxypropionic acid hexyl ester. See Hexyl lactate (S)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid sodium salt. See Sodium L-lactate Hydroxypropyl alginate. See Propylene glycol alginate 2-Hydroxypropylamine; 2-Hydroxy-1propylamine. See Isopropanolamine 1- Hydroxy-4-N-propyl benzene. See 4Propylphenol (3-Hydroxypropyl) benzene. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol α-Hydroxypropylbenzene. See 1-Phenyl-1propanol p- Hydroxypropyl benzene. See 4-Propylphenol p-Hydroxypropyl benzoate. See Propylparaben Hydroxypropylcellulose CAS 9004-64-2 INS463; E463 Synonyms: Cellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl ether; HPC; Hydroxypropyl ether of cellulose; Hyprolose; Oxypropylated cellulose Definition: Partially substituted poly(hydroxypropyl) ether of cellulose Properties: Off-wh. gran. powd., odorless, tasteless; sol. in cold water, methanol, ethanol, many polar org. solvs.; insol. in water > 37.7 C; m.w. 80,000-1,150,000; thermoplastic; can be extruded and molded; softens at 130 C; visc. various; ref. index 1.337; pH 5-8.5 (1%); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10,200 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 250 mg/kg; poison by IV route; sl. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Food additive; binder, emulsion stabilizer, visc. control agent, emulsifier, film-former, protective colloid, stabilizer, suspending agent, thickener in foods, glazes, oils, vitamin tablets, whipped toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1001, 172.870, 177.1200; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA 1394

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Colorcon http://www.colorcon.com Dow http://www.dow.com; Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com Sansho http://www.sansho.co.jp; ShinEtsu http://www.silicone.jp/e/; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: AeroWhip® Foam Stabilizer; Klucel® 'F' Grades Hydroxypropyl corn starch ether. See Hydroxypropyl starch 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. See Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin CAS 99241-24-4; 128446-33-3 Properties: M.p. 245 C Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules; increases the sol. and bioavailability of other substances; masks flavor, odor, or coloration; stabilizes against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis; turns liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds. Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk Trade Names: Cavasol® W6 HP TL Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin CAS 94035-02-6 Synonyms: HPBCD; HPCD; 2-Hydroxypropylβ-cyclodextrin Formula: C42.(H)70-n.O35 (C3H7)n Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: M.p. 278 C Precaution: Avoid contact with eyes and skin Storage: Store in a dry and cool place @ ≈ 4C Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules; increases the sol. and bioavailability of other substances; masks flavor, odor, or coloration; stabilizes against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis; turns liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds. Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Tocris Bioscience http://www.tocris.com Trade Names: Cavasol® W7 HP Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin CAS 99241-25-5; 128446-34-4 Synonyms: γ-Cyclodextrin-2-hydroxypropyl ether Properties: M.p. 250 C Uses: Complex hosting guest molecules; increases the sol. and bioavailability of other substances; masks flavor, odor, or coloration; stabilizes against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis; turns liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds. Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com Trade Names: Cavasol® W8 HP Pharma Hydroxypropyl distarch glycerol CAS 59419-60-2 INS1443 Synonyms: Poly(epichlorohydrin-copropylene oxide-co-starch); Starch, polymer with (chloromethyl) oxirane and methyloxirane Uses: Stabilizer, thickener in foods Regulatory: ADI not specified Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate CAS 53124-00-8 INS1442; E1442 Definition: Starch crosslinked with sodium trimetaphosphate or phosphorus oxychloride and etherified with propylene oxide Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. powd. or gran.; flakes, amorphous powd., or coarse particles if 1395

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference pregelatinized Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Trade Names: HiForm™ 12744; HiForm™ 72348; PolarTex 05733; PolarTex 05735; PolarTex 05736 PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728; PolarTex 06740; PolarTex 06746; PolarTex 06747 PolarTex 06748; PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12641; PolarTex-Instant 12643 2-Hydroxypropyl dodecanoate. See Propylene glycol laurate Hydroxypropyl ether of cellulose. See Hydroxypropylcellulose 2-Hydroxypropyl laurate. See Propylene glycol laurate Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose CAS 9004-65-3 INS464; E464 Synonyms: Carbohydrate gum; Cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl ether; Cellulose 2hydroxypropyl methyl ether; HPMC; Hypromellose; Methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose; MHPC Definition: Propylene glycol ether of methyl cellulose Properties: Wh. to off-wh. gran. powd.; sol. in most polar solvs., cold water; swells in water to produce a clear to opalescent visc. colloidal sol'n.; insol. in hot water and in anhyd. alcohol, ether, chloroform; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 5200 mg/kg; mildly toxic by IP route; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Thickener, gellant, stabilizer, emulsifier, film-former, protective colloid, suspending agent, processing aid, surface finishing agent, texturizer, anticaking agent, flow aid, drying agent, humectant in foods (bakery prods., ice cream, breading, dressing, salad dressings, sauce mixes); fat barrier Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.874, 175.105, 175.300, 177.1960; Europe listed; FDA approved for ophthalmics, orals, topicals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Akzo Nobel UK http://www.akzonobel.uk.com/; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Colorcon http://www.colorcon.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Dow Wolff Cellulosics http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/ Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com; Hercules http://www.herc.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nordmann Rassmann GmbH http://www.nrc.de/; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de Omya UK http://www.omya.co.uk/web/omya_uk.nsf/H omePage_Lang1?OpenForm&omya_langid =1&omya_navid=0000; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com Sensient Pharm. Tech. http://www.sensient-tech.com; Seppic http://www.seppic.com; Shin-Etsu http://www.silicone.jp/e/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Benecel® MP 643; Benecel® MP 824; Benecel® MP 843; Benecel® MP 874; Benecel® MP 943 Methocel® E4M Premium EP; Methocel® E6 Premium; Methocel® E15 Food Grade; 1396

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methocel® E15LV Premium; Methocel® F4M Premium Methocel® J5MS; Methocel® K3 Premium; Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium Methocel® K100M Premium; Walocel® HM 15 PA; Walocel® HM 50 PA; Walocel® HM 100 PA; Walocel® HM 400 PA Walocel® HM 1500 PA; Walocel® HM 4000 PA; Walocel® HM 15000 PA; Walocel® HM 100000 PA; Walocel® HM 100000 PPA 2208 Hydroxypropyl starch CAS 9049-76-7 INS1440; E1440 Synonyms: HP starch; Hydroxypropyl corn starch ether; Starch, 2-hydroxypropyl ether Definition: Starch etherified with propylene oxide, rendering it more resist. to thermal degradation and bacterial attack Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. powd. or gran.; flakes, amorphous powd., or coarse particles if pregelatinized; nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, thickener, binder, stabilizer in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg 4-Hydroxy-2-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid. See LHydroxyproline 4-Hydroxystyrene; p-Hydroxystyrene. See pVinylphenol Hydroxysuccinic acid; α-Hydroxysuccinic acid. See N-Hydroxysuccinic acid N-Hydroxysuccinic acid CAS 6915-15-7 (±); 97-67-6 (L); 617-48-1 (DL); 636-61-3 (D+); EINECS/ELINCS 202-601-5 (L); 230-022-8 (DL) FEMA 2655; INS296; E296 Synonyms: Apple acid; Butanedioic acid, hydroxy-; Deoxytetraric acid; Hydroxybutanedioic acid; 1-Hydroxy-1,2ethanedicarboxylic acid; Hydroxysuccinic acid; α-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Malic acid (INCI); Succinic acid, hydroxyEmpirical: C4H6O5 Formula: COOHCH2CH(OH)COOH Properties: Wh. or colorless cryst. powd. or gran., strongly acid taste; dl, l, and d isomeric forms; very sol. in water, alcohol; sl. sol. in ether; m.w. 134.09; dens. 1.595 (20/40 C, d or l), 1.601 (dl); m.p. 100 C (d or l), 128 C (dl); b.p. 140 C (dec.) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 100 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, rat) 1600 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; skin and severe eye irritant; dust and aq. sol'ns. may irritate skin, eyes, mucous membranes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Acidulant, flavoring agent, adjuvant, flavor enhancer, pH control agent, antioxidant synergist in foods, dry mix beverages, candy, chewing gum, fats, fruits, gelatins, jams/jellies, lard, nonalcoholic beverages, puddings, shortening, wine Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §131.111, 150.141, 150.161, 169.115, 169.140, 169.150, 184.1069, 582.60, 582.1069, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 0.01% max.; BATF 27CFR §240.1051, GRAS; not for use in baby foods; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Biorganics Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Bartek Ingreds. http://www.bartek.ca Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Changzhou Changmao Biochem. Eng. http://www.ccbec.com; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; 1397

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eastern Chem. http://www.easternchemicalcorp.com/index 3.php; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Fuso Chem. http://www.fusokk.co.jp; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Kyowa Hakko USA http://www.kyowa-usa.com; Lanxess http://www.lanxess.com Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/ O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whiting-chemicals.co.uk; Quimdis Reuter Chemische Apparatebau http://www.rca-separations.de; Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.a sp; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com; Thirumalai http://www.thirumalaichemicals.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/ Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names Containing: Purac® LM 25 HiPure 3-Hydroxy-4-[(4-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl) azo]-2,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid trisodium salt. See Amaranth 7-Hydroxy-8-[(4-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl) azo]-1,3naphthalenedisulfonic acid, trisodium salt. See Acid red 18 3-Hydroxy-4-((4-sulfo-1-naphthyl) azo)-2,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid, trisodium salt. See Amaranth 6-Hydroxy-5-[(4-sulfophenyl) azo]-2naphthalenesulfonic acid, disodium salt; 6Hydroxy-5-((p-sulfophenyl) azo)-2naphthalenesulfonic acid, disodium salt. See FD&C Yellow No. 6 3-Hydroxy-4-[(2-sulfo-p-tolyl) azo]-2naphthalenecarboxylic acid, calcium salt (1:1). See Litholrubine BK 4-Hydroxy-3-((5-sulfo-2,4-xylyl) azo)-1naphthalenesulfonic acid, disodium salt. See FD&C Red No. 4 14-Hydroxytetradecanoic acid. See Pentadecalactone m-Hydroxytetraethyldiaminotriphenylcarbinol anhydride disulfonic acid calcium salt. See Acid blue 3 Hydroxytoluene. See Benzyl alcohol 3-Hydroxytoluene. See m-Cresol 4-Hydroxytoluene. See p-Cresol α-Hydroxytoluene. See Benzyl alcohol m-Hydroxytoluene. See m-Cresol o-Hydroxytoluene. See o-Cresol p-Hydroxytoluene. See p-Cresol Hydroxytoluene, butylated. See BHT 1-Hydroxytriacontane. See Myricyl alcohol β-Hydroxytricarballylic acid. See Citric acid β-Hydroxy-γ-trimethylaminobutyrate. See LCarnitine 4-Hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl bicyclo [3.1.1] hept-2ene. See Verbenol 3-Hydroxy-4-((2,4,5-trimethylphenyl) azo)-2,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid, disodium salt. See Ponceau 3R 4-Hydroxyundecanoic acid lactone. See γUndecalactone 1398

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 5-Hydroxyundecanoic acid lactone. See δUndecalactone 5-Hydroxyundecanoic acid γ-lactone. See γUndecalactone 1-Hydroxy-2-undecene. See 2-Undecenol 4-Hydroxyvaleric acid lactone. See γValerolactone 4-Hydroxy-o-xylene. See 3,4-Xylenol Hyp. See L-Hydroxyproline Hyperabsolute castoreum. See Castoreum Hypericum extract; Hypericum perforatum. See Hypericum perforatum extract Hypericum perforatum extract CAS 68917-49-7; 84082-80-4; EINECS/ELINCS 282-026-4 Synonyms: Hypericum extract; Hypericum perforatum; St. John's wort extract Definition: Extract of flowers, capsules, leaves, and stem head of Hypericum perforatum Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Confoco UK; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Hypnone. See Acetophenone Hypo. See Sodium thiosulfate anhydrous Hypochlorite sol'n.; Hypochlorous acid, sodium salt. See Sodium hypochlorite Hyponitrous acid anhydride. See Nitrous oxide Hyprolose. See Hydroxypropylcellulose Hypromellose. See Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Hyssop extract. See Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) extract Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) extract CAS 84603-66-7; EINECS/ELINCS 283-266-2 FEMA 2590 Synonyms: Hyssop extract; Hyssopus officinalis; Hyssopus officinalis extract Definition: Extract of the leaves of the hyssop, Hyssopus officinalis Properties: Warm aromatic camphor-like odor, warm sweet sl. burning flavor Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; tonic and masking agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Carrubba Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) oil CAS 8006-83-5 FEMA 2591 Synonyms: Hyssop oil; Hyssopus officinalis; Hyssopus officinalis oil Classification: Oil from Hyssopus officinalis Properties: Pale yel. liq.; herbal minty camphor pine terpene woody odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.899-0.940 (20 C) Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Hyssop oil. See Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil; Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) oil Hyssopus officinalis. See Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) extract; Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) oil Hyssopus officinalis extract. See Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) extract Hyssopus officinalis oil. See Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) oil IAA. See Isoamylamine IBA. See Isobutyl alcohol IBIB. See Isobutyl isobutyrate iBuH. See 2-Methylpropanal Ice. See Water Iceland moss (Cetraria islandicus) extract CAS 84776-25-0; EINECS/ELINCS 283-950-0 Synonyms: Cetraria islandica extract; Cetraria islandicus; Iceland moss extract; Lichen islandicus extract Definition: Extract of Cetraria islandicus Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved (Iceland moss) Manuf./Distrib.: Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com 1399

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Iceland moss extract. See Iceland moss (Cetraria islandicus) extract IIR. See Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer Ilex paraguariensis; Ilex paraguariensis extract; Ilex paraguariensis leaf extract. See Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) extract Illicium verum; Illicium verum fruit oil; Illicium verum oil. See Star anise (Illicium verum) oil Imazalil CAS 35554-44-0; 73790-28-0 Synonyms: 1-(β-Allyloxy-2,4dichlorophenethyl) imidazole; Chloramizol; ±1-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-(2propenyloxy) ethyl]-1H-imidazole; Enilconazole Empirical: C14H14Cl2N2O Properties: Sl. yel. to brn. cryst. solid; very sol. in methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, xylene, benzene, toluene; sol. in heptane, hexane, petrol. ether; m.w. 297.20; m.p. 50 C; b.p. 347 C; flash pt. 192 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 227 mg/kg, (skin, rat) 4200 mg/kg; primary irritant Environmental: Nontoxic to bees Uses: Antimold, preservative in foods Regulatory: Foods (0.002-0.005 g/kg residual); SARA reportable; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Sigma-Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com L-α-4(or 5)-Imidazolepropionic acid. See LHistidine Imidazolidinedione, 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5dimethyl-; 2,4-Imidazolidinedione, 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethyl-. See DMDM hydantoin 1H-Imidazolium, 1-[2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl]-1(carboxymethyl)-2-heptyl-4,5-dihydro-, hydroxide, disodium salt. See Disodium capryloamphodiacetate Imidocarbonic acid, cyanodithio-, disodium salt. See Disodium cyanodithioimidocarbonate Imidole. See Pyrrole 2,2´-Iminobisethylamine; 2,2´Iminodiethylamine. See Diethylenetriamine IMP. See Disodium inosinate; Sodium metaphosphate IMP disodium salt; IMP sodium salt. See Disodium inosinate IMS. See Alcohol Inactive limonene. See dl-Limonene Incense. See Olibanum Incense extract. See Olibanum (Boswellia Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carterii) extract Indene/coumarone resin. See Coumarone/indene resin 1H-Indene-1,3(2H)-dione, 2-(2-quinolinyl)-, sulfonated, sodium salts. See Acid yellow 3 Indian balsam. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) Indian dill seed oil. See Dill (Anethum sowa) seed oil Indian gum. See Gum ghatti; Acacia Indian red. See Iron oxide red Indian tragacanth. See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum India rubber. See Natural rubber India tragacanth. See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum Indigenous peanut oil. See Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil Indigo carmine. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 Indigo carmine disodium salt. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 5,5´-Indigotin disulfonic acid. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 Indigotine. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 Indigotine disodium salt. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 Indole CAS 120-72-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-420-7 FEMA 2593 Synonyms: 1-Azaindene; 1-Benzazole; Benzopyrrole; 1H-Benzo[b]pyrrole; 2,3Benzopyrrole; Ketole Empirical: C8H7N Properties: Wh. to ylsh. scales; turns red on exposure to light and air; floral, animal, jasmine , earthy odor; intense fecal odor in high concs.; sol. in hot water, hot alcohol, ether, benzene, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in min. oil, glycerol; m.w. 117.15; m.p. 52-53 C; b.p. 253 C; flash pt. 121 C; ref. index 1.609; tenacity > 1 wk. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 117 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 225 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 790 mg/kg; poison by IP, subcut. routes; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; primary irritant; severe eye irritant; readily absorbed through skin; carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Volatile with steam Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx 1400

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Photosensitive; air-sensitive; store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: < 0.1% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Japan approved as flavoring (ENCS no. 5-130); Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Morata Global Private http://www.morayaglobal.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Indole-3-alanine; L-Indole-α-aminopropionic acid; 1-β-3-Indolylalanine. See L-Tryptophan Industrial methylated spirit. See Alcohol Industrial talc. See Talc Infusorial earth. See Diatomaceous earth, amorphous; Diatomaceous earth Inosine 5´-disodium phosphate; Inosine-5´monophosphate disodium. See Disodium inosinate Inosine-5'-monophosphoric acid. See Inosinic acid Inosinic acid CAS 131-99-7 INS630; E630 Synonyms: Inosine-5'-monophosphoric acid Definition: A nucleotide found in muscle and other tissues that is formed by the deamination of AMP and on hydrolysis yields inosine Empirical: C10H13N4O8P Properties: Colorless or wh. crystals; odorless; freely sol. in water; sl. sol. in ethanol; m.w. 348.21 Uses: Flavor enhancer in foods; seasoning Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Chem-Impex Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.chemimpex.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Inositol CAS 87-89-8; EINECS/ELINCS 201-781-2 Synonyms: cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6Cyclohexanehexol; Hexahydroxycyclohexane; i-Inositol; mesoInositol; myo-Inositol Classification: Cyclic polyol Definition: Constituent of body tissue; commercial prod. is cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6cyclohexanehexol, the main isomer found in nature Empirical: C6H12O6 Formula: C6H6(OH)6 • 2HOH Properties: Wh. cryst. solid; odorless; sweet taste; sol. in water; insol. in abs. alcohol and ether; m.w. 180.16; dens. 1.524; m.p. 215-227 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 10 g/kg; no toxic effects with high dosages; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, infant formulas Features: Lipotropic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §107.100, 184.1370, GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Burlington Bio-Medical; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Dastech Int'l. 1401

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Vernon Walden; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com i-Inositol. See Inositol Inositol hexaphosphate. See Inositolhexaphosphoric acid Inositol-hexaphosphoric acid CAS 83-86-3; EINECS/ELINCS 201-506-6 INS391 Synonyms: Hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) myo-inositol; Inositol hexaphosphate; myoInositol, hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate); myo-Inositol hexakisphosphate; myoInositol hexaphosphate; Phytic acid (INCI) Empirical: C6H18O24P6 Formula: C6H6[OPO(OH)2]6 Properties: Wh. to pale yel. visc. liq.; odorless; acid taste; dec. on heating; sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 660.06 (sat.); dens. 1.58 Toxicology: LDLo (IV, rat) 45 mg/kg; poison by IV route; may cause convulsions or effect on seizure threshold; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Chelating agent for heavy metals in processing of animal fats and vegetable oils; clarifier, purification agent for vegetable oil; antioxidant in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Tsuno Rice Fine Chems. http://www.tsuno.co.jp Insoluble metaphosphate. See Sodium metaphosphate Insoluble polyvidone; Insoluble PVP. See Crospovidone Insoluble sodium metaphosphate. See Sodium metaphosphate Integral rose. See Rose oil Inula helenium. See Elecampane (Inula helenium); Elecampane (Inula helenium) root oil Inulahelenium; Inula helenium extract. See Elecampane (Inula helenium) extract Inula helenium oil. See Elecampane (Inula helenium) root oil Inula helenium rhizome and roots. See Elecampane (Inula helenium) Inula helenium root oil. See Elecampane (Inula helenium) root oil Inulin CAS 9005-80-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-684-3 Classification: Fructooligosaccharide Definition: Soluble dietary fiber Formula: (C6H10O5)N Properties: Wh. cryst. solid ; odorless; sweet taste; dens. 1.35 g/cc; m.p. 178 C Toxicology: May cause eye and skin irritation Precaution: Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container away from water and moisture in a cool, dry place Uses: Fat mimetic, bulking agent, masking agent, bodying agent, texturizer, and flavor enhancer in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Trade Names: Beneo™ ST; Fibruline® XL; Fibruline® Instant Trade Names Containing: Beneo™ Synergy1 Invertase CAS 9001-57-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-615-7 INS1103; E1103 1402

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: β-D-Fructofuranosidase; Invertin; Saccharase; Sucrase Classification: Enzyme Definition: Enzyme derived from Saccharomyces Properties: Wh. powder; sol. in water; m.w. 27,000 Storage: Hygroscopic; store under argon Uses: Natural enzyme, stabilizer in foods; catalyst for hydrolysis of sucrose into fructose and glucose; prod. of invert sugar for syrups and candy; analytical reagent for sucrose Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Canada, Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Invertin. See Invertase Invert sugar CAS 8013-17-0 Synonyms: Invert sugar syrup; Invert syrup Definition: Aq. sol'n. of inverted/partly inverted refined/partly refined sucrose; mixt. of approx. 50% dextrose and 50% fructose Empirical: C6H12O6 Properties: Colorless sol'n., odorless, sweet flavor; m.w. 180.16 Uses: Sweetener, humectant in foods, beverages, confectionery, brewing, infant foods; honey substitute Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 131.112, 131.170, 131.200, 131.203, 131.206, 146.140, 146.141, 146.145, 146.146, 169.175, 184.1859, GRAS; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: AMINO GmbH http://www.aminoactives.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Gallaher Group http://www.gallaher-group.com; MLG Enterprises Trade Names: Solid Invert Sugar; Special Liquid Invert Sugar Invert sugar syrup CAS 977083-54-7 Uses: Sweetener for foods, soft drinks, milk prods., canned fruits, canned fruit juices, canned peas Features: Good stability; high solids Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§131.112, 131.170, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

131.200, 131.203, 131.206, 145.3, 145.134, 145.180, 146.3, 146.132, 146.145, 146.146, 155.170 Invert sugar syrup; Invert syrup. See Invert sugar Iode. See Iodine Iodic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium iodate Iodic aciodic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium iodate Iodine CAS 7553-56-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-442-4 UN 1759 (DOT) Synonyms: Elemental iodine; Iode Classification: Nonmetallic halogen element Empirical: I2 Properties: Bluish-black scales or plates, metallic luster, char. odor, sharp acrid taste; sol. (g/100 g): 14.09 benzene, 16.47 CS2, 21.43 ethanol; sol. in chloroform, CCl4, glac. acetic acid, alkaline iodide sol'n., oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; very sl. sol. in water; at.wt. 126.9045; m.w. 253.81; dens. 4.98; vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (38.7 C), 0.030 mm Hg (solid, 0 C); m.p. 113.6 C; b.p. 185 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 14 g/kg, (subcut., rat) 10,500 mg/kg; very toxic material; human poison by ing.; experimental poison by IV and subcut. routes; mod. toxic by inh.; human ing. of large quantities causes abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, asthma, anaphylactic shock; 2-4 g have been fatal; experimental reproductive effector; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; incompat. with alkaloids, starch, tannins; reacts vigorously with reducing materials; explosive reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of I– and various iodine compds. Uses: Dietary supplement; food additive; feed additive Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Bio-Lab http://www.wateradditives.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; 1403

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com DSM Andeno BV; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com Nippoh Chems. http://www.npckk.co.jp; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Tomen Am. http://www.tomenamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com α-Ionol CAS 25312-34-9; EINECS/ELINCS 246-815-7 FEMA 3624 Synonyms: 3-Butenol-2-ol, 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-; 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-ol; 4-(2,6,6Trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl)-3-buten-2-ol Empirical: C13H22O Properties: Colorless liq.; violet, vetiver, woody odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 194.32; sp.gr. 0.912-0.920; b.p. 127 C (15 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 93 C; ref. index 1.485-1.492 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Air-sensitive; store in cool, dry, wellventilated area away from heat, ignition sources, naked flame; store under argon; keep tightly closed; protect from air Uses: Flavoring agent in foods (cherry, berry, spice flavors) Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, AICS, China, Canada DSL listed Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com β-Ionol CAS 22029-76-1; EINECS/ELINCS 244-735-7 FEMA 3625 Synonyms: 3-Buten-2-ol, 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1cyclohexen-1-yl)-; 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-ol; 4-(2,6,6Trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-3-buten-2-ol Empirical: C13H22O Properties: Colorless liq.; herbaceous floral balsamic odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 194.32; sp.gr. 0.923-0.930; b.p. 107 C (3 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 93 C; ref. index 1.4961.502 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1.22-5.0 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; may cause eye irritation, mod. to severe skin irritation; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Air-sensitive; store in cool, dry, wellventilated area away from heat, ignition sources, naked flame; keep tightly closed; protect from air Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, AICS, China, Canada DSL, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com α-Ionone CAS 127-41-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-841-6 FEMA 2594 Synonyms: α-Cyclocitrylidene acetone; 41404

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference (2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-yl)-3butene-2-one; 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one Empirical: C13H20O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oil, woody violet odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; misc. with ether; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 192.33; dens. 0.930; b.p. 136 C; flash pt. 118 C; ref. index 1.497-1.502; tenacity 48 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4590 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, iron, iron salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Burning may produce CO, CO2, NOx; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Sweetly floral, balsamic, violet-like, woody fragrance and flavor Use Level: < 10% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; DOT nonregulated; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-2387); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Anthea Aromatics http://www.anthea-aromatics.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Privi Orgs. Ltd http://www.privi.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

β-Ionone CAS 79-77-6; 14901-07-6; EINECS/ELINCS 201224-3; 238-969-9 FEMA 2595 Synonyms: β-Cyclocitrylideneacetone; 4(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexene-1-yl)-3butene-2-one; 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one Empirical: C13H20O Properties: Colorless oil, woody odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; misc. with ether; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 192.33; dens. 0.944; b.p. 140 C; flash pt. > 234 F; ref. index 1.517-1.522; tenacity 48 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4590 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 2277 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizers, iron, iron salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods; vitamin A prod. Features: Woody, dry, floral fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-2387); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de BASF http://www.basf.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Morata Global Private http://www.morayaglobal.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net 1405

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com γ-Ionone CAS 79-76-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-223-8 FEMA 3175 Synonyms: 4-(2,2-Dimethyl-6methylenecyclohexenyl)-3-buten-2-one; 5(13),7- Megastigmadien-9-one Empirical: C13H20O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; woody odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 192.33; sp. gr. 0.9317; b.p. 82 C; ref. index 1.497-1.501 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, puddings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Abaco http://www.abacoinc.net/; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com α-Ionone, isomethyl-. See α-Isomethylionone β-Ionone, methyl-. See Methyl β-ionone IPA. See Isopropyl alcohol IPM. See Isopropyl myristate β-Iraldeine. See Methyl β-ionone Iris aldehyde. See trans-2-Nonenal Iris florentina. See Orris (Iris florentina) extract Iris florentina extract. See Orris root extract Iris florentina root extract. See Orris (Iris florentina) extract Irish gum; Irish moss. See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Irish moss extract. See Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract Iris pallida root extract. See Orris (Iris pallida) extract Iron CAS 7439-89-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-096-4 UN 1325 (DOT) Synonyms: Carbonyl iron; Iron, elemental Classification: Metallic element Empirical: Fe Properties: Silvery wh. malleable metal; at.wt. 55.847; dens. 7.87 (20 C); m.p. 1536 C; b.p. 3000 C; highly reactive chemically; strong reducing agent Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 30 g/kg; TDLo (oral, human) 77 mg/kg; poison by IP route; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

potentially toxic by all forms and routes; human systemic effects (irritability, nausea, vomiting, normocytic anemia); inh. of lg. quantities of dust causes iron pneumoconiosis; chronic exposure can cause fibrosis of the pancreas, diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Ultrafine powd. is potentially explosive; flamm. solid; explosive and violent reactions possible HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, baked goods, cereal prods., flour, pasta; processing aid in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1375, 582.80, 582.5375, GRAS; Japan restricted; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; Cerac http://www.cerac.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Ferronyl® Trade Names Containing: Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid; Bioblend # 7; Bonus Blend; Bulgur Enrichment; Export Masa Enrichment F E Blend K with Folic Acid Iron ammonium citrate CAS 1185-57-5 (green); 1185-57-6 (brown); 1333-00-2 (green); 1332-98-5 (brown); EINECS/ELINCS 214-686-6 1406

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference INS381 Synonyms: Ammonium ferric citrate; Citric acid, ammonium iron (3+) salt; FAC; Ferric ammonium citrate; Ferric ammonium citrate, green; Iron (III) ammonium citrate Classification: A complex salt of undetermined structure Formula: C6H8O7 • xFe • xH4N Properties: Green solid, garnet-red scales, or brownish-yel. powd.; mild ammoniacal odor; mild iron-metallic taste; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 709.44 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 mg(Fe)/m3; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Deliq.; hygroscopic; light-sensitive Uses: Anticaking agent in table salt; nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, infant formulas; feed additive Use Level: 3% max. total citrate-pyrogallol complex (sutures) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1025, 172.430, 25 ppm max. in finished salt, 184.1296, 573.560, 582.80, GRAS, exempt from certification, permanently listed for use in medical devices; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Iron (III) ammonium citrate. See Iron ammonium citrate Iron (II) ascorbate. See Ferrous ascorbate Ironate. See Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate Iron (II) carbonate. See Ferrous carbonate Iron chloride; Iron (III) chloride. See Ferric chloride Iron chloride hexahydrate; Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate; Iron (3+) chloride, hexahydrate. See Ferric chloride hexahydrate Iron chlorides. See Ferric chloride Iron (III) choline citrate; Iron choline citrate complex. See Ferric choline citrate Iron citrate. See Ferric citrate Iron (II) citrate. See Ferrous citrate Iron (III) citrate. See Ferric citrate α-Irone CAS 79-69-6; EINECS/ELINCS 201-219-6 FEMA 2597 Synonyms: 3-Buten-2-one, 4-(2,4,6,6tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-; 5-Methyl-αionone; 6-Methylionone; 6-Methyl-α-ionone; 4-(2,5,6,6-Tetramethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-yl)3-buten-2-one Definition: The fragrant principle of violets Empirical: C14H22O Properties: Ylsh. visc. liq., char. odor of violets; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 206.32; dens. 0.934 (20/4 C); b.p. 146 C; ref. index 1.492 (20 C) Toxicology: TDLo (IP, mouse, 8 wks intermittent) 1950 mg/kg; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Violet odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Iron, elemental. See Iron Iron (II) fumarate. See Ferrous fumarate 1407

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Iron gluconate; Iron (II) gluconate. See Ferrous gluconate Iron gluconate dihydrate; Iron (II) gluconate dihydrate. See Ferrous gluconate dihydrate Iron hydrate; Iron hydroxide (INCI); Iron hydroxide oxide. See Iron (III) oxide hydrated Iron (II) lactate; Iron (2+) lactate. See Ferrous lactate Iron mass, spent. See Iron oxide red Iron monosulfate. See Ferrous sulfate anhydrous Iron (III) orthophosphate. See Ferric phosphate Iron (III) oxide. See Iron oxide black; Ferric oxide Iron oxide black CAS 1317-61-9; EINECS/ELINCS 215-277-5 INS172(i); E172 Synonyms: Black magnetic oxide; Black oxide, precipitated; Black rouge; CI 77499; Ethiops iron; Ferric ferrous oxide; Ferrosoferric oxide; Iron oxide; Iron (II, III) oxide; Iron (III) oxide; Iron (II) oxide, black; Iron (II, III) oxide, black; Iron oxide magnetic; Iron oxides (Fe3O4); Magnetite; Pigment black 11; Triiron tetraoxide Classification: Syn. iron oxide Empirical: Fe3O4 Properties: Blk., odorless, powd.; sol. in acids; insol. in water, alcohol, ether, oils, solvs.; m.w. 231.54; dens. 4.7 kg/l; m.p. 1538 C (dec.); oxidized to Fe2O3 on heating in air Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5000 mg/kg; harmful by inh., ing., skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; nontoxic Environmental: Prods. of biodeg. are nontoxic HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: Colorant in foods, {pharmaceuticals, food-grade polymers}; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Goldlink Industries http://www.goldlinkindustries.com HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com Iron (II) oxide, black; Iron (II, III) oxide, black. See Iron oxide black Iron oxide hydrated. See Iron (III) oxide Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

hydrated Iron (III) oxide hydrated CAS 20344-49-4; EINECS/ELINCS 243-746-4 E172 Synonyms: CI 77492; Ferric hydrate; Ferric hydroxide; Ferric hydroxide oxide; Ferric oxide hydrated; Hydrated ferric oxide; Iron hydrate; Iron hydroxide (INCI); Iron hydroxide oxide; Iron oxide hydrated Classification: Inorganic compd. Empirical: FeHO2 Formula: HFeO2 Properties: Red to brn. powd. or cryst.; sol. in min. acids; pract. insol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 88.85; loses H2O to form Fe2O3; noncombustible Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; overdose of iron compds. may have corrosive effect on GI mucosa; complications can lead to acute liver necrosis that can be fatal; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Colorant in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Shepherd http://www.shepchem.com Iron oxide magnetic. See Iron oxide black Iron (III) oxide monohydrate, yellow. See Iron oxide yellow monohydrate Iron oxide red CAS 1332-37-2 UN 1376; INS172(ii); E172 Synonyms: Burnt sienna; CI 77491; Copperas red; Ferrous ferrite; Gulf red; Indian red; Iron mass, spent; Iron oxide; Iron oxide, spent; Iron sponge, spent; Pigment red 101; Pigment red 102; Red haematite; Red iron oxide; Red oxide; Turkey red Definition: Sienna, siderite, Persian red, Spanish red, and red ochre are natural iron oxide ores used as red pigments Empirical: Fe2O3 Properties: Red powd.; insol. in water, oils, and solvs.; m.w. 159.69; dens. 4.5-5.0 kg/l Toxicology: TSCA listed 1408

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Spontaneously combustible Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.200, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 177.1350, 177.1460, 177.2600, 178.3297, 186.1374, 582.80; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Goldlink Industries http://www.goldlinkindustries.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com See also Ferric oxide Iron oxides CAS 1309-37-1 (Fe2O3); 1345-25-1 (FeO); 131761-9 (Fe3O4); EINECS/ELINCS 215-168-2 (Fe2O3); 215-721-8 (FeO); 215-277-5 (Fe3O4) INS172; E172 Synonyms: CI 77489; CI 77491; CI 77492; CI 77499 Definition: Inorganic compd. consisting of any one or combinations of synthetically prepared iron oxides incl. the hydrated forms Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Colorant in foods Use Level: ≤ 5 mg elemental Fe/day (ingested drugs) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.200, 73.1200, 73.2250, 73.3125, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1460, 177.2600, 178.3297, 182.90, 186.1300, 186.1374, 522.940, GRAS; exempt from certification, permanently listed for drugs and medical devices; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Cary http://www.thecarycompany.com; D.B. Becker http://www.dbbecker.com Elementis Pigments http://www.elementispigments.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Royale Pigments & Chems. http://www.royalepigmentschem.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; TCR Ind. http://www.tcrindustries.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

See also Ferric oxide; Iron oxide black; Iron oxide red; Iron oxide yellow; Iron oxide yellow monohydrate Iron oxides (Fe3O4). See Iron oxide black Iron oxide, spent. See Iron oxide red Iron oxide yellow INS172(iii); E172 Synonyms: CI 77492; Ferrite yellow; Ochre; Sienna; Yellow ochre Definition: Limonite, yellow ochre, and sienna are natural iron oxide minerals used as yel. pigments Empirical: HFeO2 Formula: FeOOH Properties: Yel. solid; insol. in water, oils, solvs.; m.w. 88.85; dens. 4.0 kg/l; converts to red iron oxide on heating Uses: Colorant in foods Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Goldlink Industries http://www.goldlinkindustries.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com Iron oxide yellow monohydrate CAS 51274-00-1; EINECS/ELINCS 257-098-5 Synonyms: Hydrated ferric oxide; Iron (III) oxide monohydrate, yellow; Pigment yellow 42 Classification: Syn. iron oxide Definition: A precipitated pigment of finer particle size and greater tinctorial str. than naturally occurring oxides Empirical: Fe2O3 • H2O Properties: Yel. odorless powd.; insol. in water; sp. gr. 3.9-4.2 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV 5 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 10 g/kg Environmental: No harmful effects Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in clean, dry area at ambient temps. Uses: Colorant for foods Features: Exc. lightfastness and resist. to alkali Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com Iron persulfate. See Ferric sulfate Iron phosphate. See Ferric phosphate Iron protosulfate. See Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Ferrous sulfate anhydrous 1409

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Iron (III) pyrophosphate. See Ferric pyrophosphate Iron sesquioxide. See Ferric oxide Iron (III) sodium pyrophosphate. See Ferric sodium pyrophosphate Iron sponge, spent. See Iron oxide red Iron sulfate; Iron (II) sulfate (1:1). See Ferrous sulfate anhydrous Iron sulfate (2:3); Iron (III) sulfate. See Ferric sulfate Iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate; Iron (II) sulfate (1:1), heptahydrate. See Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate Iron sulfate (ous). See Ferrous sulfate anhydrous Iron tersulfate. See Ferric sulfate Iron trichloride. See Ferric chloride Iron trichloride hexahydrate. See Ferric chloride hexahydrate Iron vitriol. See Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Ferrous sulfate anhydrous Irradiated ergosta-5,7-22-trien-3-β-ol. See Ergocalciferol Isoacetophorone. See Isophorone Isoaldehyde C-10. See 2,6-Dimethyl octanal Isoalkanes, C7-8. See C7-8 isoparaffin Isoalkanes, C8-9. See C8-9 isoparaffin Isoalkanes, C9-11. See C9-11 isoparaffin Isoalkanes, C9-13. See C9-13 isoparaffin Isoalkanes, C10-11. See C10-11 isoparaffin Isoalkanes, C11-12. See C11-12 isoparaffin Isoalkanes, C11-13. See C11-13 isoparaffin Isoalkanes, C12-14. See C12-14 isoparaffin Isoalkanes, C13-14. See C13-14 isoparaffin Isoalkanes, C13-16. See C13-16 isoparaffin Isoalkanes, C20-40. See C20-40 isoparaffin Isoamyl acetate CAS 123-92-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-662-3 UN 1104; FEMA 2055 Synonyms: Acetic acid isopentyl ester; Banana oil; Isoamyl ethanoate; Isopentyl acetate; Isopentyl alcohol acetate; 3-Methyl1-butanol acetate; 3-Methylbutyl acetate; 3Methyl-1-butyl acetate; β-Methylbutyl acetate; 3-Methylbutyl ethanoate; Pear oil Classification: Carboxylic acid ester Definition: Ester of isoamyl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: CH3COOCH2CH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq., pear- or banana-like odor and taste; sl. sol. in water; misc. with Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

alcohol, ether, ethyl acetate, fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 130.21; sp.gr. 0.876 (20 C); m.p. -78.5 C; b.p. 142 C; flash pt. (CC) 25 C; ref. index 1.400 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 100 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 16,600 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing., inh., subcut. routes; eye and mild skin irritant; inh. can cause nose/throat irritation, CNS depression; ing. may cause mouth/throat irritation, increased heart rate, CNS depression; severe exposure may cause unconsciousness; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with reducing materials; also incompat. with oxidizing agents (increases fire/explosion risk), strong acids, strong bases (decomp. can occur) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; ground drums and bond transfer containers Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Fresh fruity fragrance and flavoring, pear- or banana-like on dilution Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de 1410

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Northwestern Flavors http://www.wrigley.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Oxiteno http://www.oxiteno.com.br/in/index.htm; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodiappa.com/ppa/home.jsp; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names Containing: Banana Treattarome 9730 Isoamyl acetoacetate CAS 2308-18-1; EINECS/ELINCS 218-991-5 FEMA 3551 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 3-oxo-, 3methylbutyl ester; Isoamyl β-ketobutyrate; Isoamyl 3-oxobutanoate; Isopentyl acetoacetate; 3-Oxobutyric acid 3methylbutyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C9H16O3 Properties: Colorless liq., sweet winey odor, green-apple flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 172.23; sp. gr. . 0.954 (10 C); b.p. 222-224 C; flash pt. (CC) 215 F; ref. index 1.426-1.430 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Organica Trading http://www.organicaHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

trading.com Isoamyl alcohol CAS 123-51-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-633-5 UN 1105; FEMA 2057 Synonyms: Isoamylol; Isobutyl carbinol; Isopentanol; Isopentyl alcohol; 2-Methyl-4butanol; 3-Methylbutanol; 3-Methyl-1butanol; 3-Methylbutan-1-ol; Primary isoamyl alcohol Classification: Primary aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C5H12O Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH Properties: Colorless liq.; disagreeable sweet odor; pungent taste; sl. sol. in water; sol. in alcohol, ether, acetone, many org. solvs.; m.w. 88.15; sp.gr. 0.813 (15/4 C); f.p. -117.2 C; b.p. 132 C; flash pt. (CC) 42.7 C; ref. index 1.407 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 100 ppm; STEL 125 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 1300 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 234 mg/kg; highly toxic; poison by IP, IV routes; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact; ing. has caused human deaths from respiratory failure; may cause heart, lung, kidney damage; CNS depressant; vapor exposure has caused marked irritation of eyes, nose, throat, and headache; may cause sl. to mild skin irritation; questionable carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; explosive limits in air 1.2-9%; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, strong acids, alkalis, hydrogen trisulfide; potential explosive hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None known NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat/ignition sources Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus1411

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference oils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kuraray http://www.kuraray.co.jp Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Osaka Org. Chem. Ind.; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Oxiteno http://www.oxiteno.com.br/in/index.htm; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com s-Isoamyl alcohol; Isoamyl alcohol, secondary. See 3-Methyl-2-butanol Isoamyl aldehyde. See Isovaleraldehyde Isoamylamine CAS 107-85-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-526-0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 3219 Synonyms: 1-Amino-3-methylbutane; 1Butaneamine, 3-methyl-; IAA; Isobutylcarbylamine; Isopentylamine; 3Methyl-1-butanamine; 3-Methylbutylamine; 3-Methyl-1-butylamine Classification: Sat. aliphatic amine Empirical: C5H13N Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2CH2NH2 Properties: Colorless liq.; strong ammonia odor; sol. in water, ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform; m.w. 87.16; dens. 0.749 (20 C); b.p. 95-97 C; flash pt. (CC) -1 C; ref. index 1.4096 (18 C); m.p. < -70 C; b.p. 97 C Toxicology: Ing. may cause burning of mouth, throat, digestive tract; inh. of vapor can irritate nose, throat, lungs; high concs. can cause potentially fatal pulmonary edema; skin irritant; severe exposure can cause serious skin burns; eye irritant; severe exposure can cause permanent eye injury; may cause 'halo vision' Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; CTC Orgs.; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Koei Chem. http://www.koeichem.com Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isoamyl benzoate CAS 94-46-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202-334-4 FEMA 2058 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, 1-(3-methyl) butyl ester; Isopentyl benzoate; 1-(3-Methyl) butyl benzoate; 3-Methylbutyl benzoate Empirical: C12H16O2 Formula: C6H5COOC5H11 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity sl. pungent odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 192.26; b.p. 261-262 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.492-1.495 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6330 mg/kg, (skin, 1412

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isoamyl butanoate; Isoamyl butylate. See Isoamyl butyrate Isoamyl butyrate CAS 106-27-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-380-8 UN 2620; FEMA 2060 Synonyms: Amyl butyrate; Butanoic acid, 3methylbutyl ester; Butyric acid isoamyl ester; Isoamyl butanoate; Isoamyl butylate; Isoamyl n-butyrate; Isopentyl butanoate; Isopentyl butyrate; 3-Methylbutyl butyrate Definition: Ester of isoamyl alcohol and butyric acid Empirical: C9H18O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)2COOCH2CH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq.; strong fruity pear-like odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, most org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.860; b.p. 184-185 C; flash pt. 149 F; ref. index 1.409-1.414 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, dessert gels Features: Sweet, fruity apricot, banana, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pineapple fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isoamyl n-butyrate. See Isoamyl butyrate Isoamyl caprate CAS 2306-91-4; EINECS/ELINCS 218-982-6 Synonyms: N-Capric acid isoamyl ester; Decanoic acid 3-methyl butyl ester; Isoamyl decanoate Classification: Ester Empirical: C15H30O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 242.40; sp.gr. 0.862; flash pt. (CC) > 130 C; ref. index 1.433 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring 1413

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Isoamyl caproate. See Isoamyl hexanoate Isoamyl caprylate. See Isoamyl octanoate Isoamyl cinnamate CAS 7779-65-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-931-2 FEMA 2063 Synonyms: Cinnamic acid, isopentyl ester; Isoamyl β-phenylacrylate; Isoamyl 3-phenyl propenate; Isoamyl 3-phenylpropenoate; Isopentyl alcohol, cinnamate; Isopentyl cinnamate; Isopentyl 3-phenyl propenoate; Isopentyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate; 3-Phenyl2-propenoic acid 3-methylbutyl ester; 2Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, 3-methylbutyl ester Definition: Ester of cinnamic acid and commercial isoamyl alcohols Empirical: C14H18O2 Formula: C6H5CH=CHC(O)OCH2CH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., balsamic odor; sol. in most fixed oils; sl. sol. in alcohol; sol. (mg/ml): ≥ 100 mg DMSO (20 C), 10-50 mg in 95% ethanol, acetone (20 C), < 1 mg water (20 C); m.w. 218.29; dens. 1.003 g/cm3 (18.6 C); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.5351.539 Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Refrigerate Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Elan http://www.elanchemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isoamyl decanoate. See Isoamyl caprate Isoamyl dodecanoate; Isoamyl dodecylate. See Isoamyl laurate Isoamyl ethanoate. See Isoamyl acetate Isoamyl formate CAS 110-45-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-769-2 FEMA 2069 Synonyms: Amyl formate; Formic acid, isopentyl ester; Isoamyl methanoate; Isopentyl alcohol, formate; Isopentyl formate; 3-Methylbutyl formate; 3Methylbutyl methanoate Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: HCOOCH2CH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq., plum-like odor; sol. in alcohol, oxygenated solvs.; misc. with ether, propylene glycol; very sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 116.16; dens. 0.859; vapor pressure 10 mm (17.1 C); b.p. 123-124 C; flash pt. 86 F; ref. index 1.3960-1.40 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 9840 mg/kg, (oral, rabbit) 3020 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; strong irritant; can cause narcosis; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, artificial fruit essences Features: Plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Elan http://www.elanchemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com 1414

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Isoamyl 2-furanbutyrate. See Isoamyl 4-(2furan) butyrate Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate CAS 7779-66-0 FEMA 2070 Synonyms: 2-Furan butanoic acid 3-methyl butyl ester; Isoamyl 2-furanbutyrate; αIsoamyl furfurylpropionate; Isopentyl-2furanbutyrate; 3-Methyl butyl 2-furan butanoate Empirical: C13H20O3 Properties: Pale yel. liq., sweet buttery fruity odor, caramel-like flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 224.30 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Isoamyl 2-furanpropionate. See Isoamyl 3-(2furan) propionate Isoamyl 3-(2-furan) propionate CAS 7779-67-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-932-8 FEMA 2071 Synonyms: Isoamyl 2-furanpropionate; Isoamyl furfurhydracrylate; α-Isoamyl furfurylacetate; Isopentyl 2-furanpropionate Empirical: C12H18O3 Properties: Pale yel. liq.; sweet, caramel, green, floral odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 210.27; dens. 0.990; b.p. 258 C; flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.4590 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isoamyl furfurhydracrylate; α-Isoamyl furfurylacetate. See Isoamyl 3-(2-furan) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

propionate α-Isoamyl furfurylpropionate. See Isoamyl 4-(2furan) butyrate Isoamyl hexanoate CAS 2198-61-0; EINECS/ELINCS 218-600-8 FEMA 2075 Synonyms: Amyl hexanoate; Isoamyl caproate; Isopentyl hexanoate; Isopentyl-nhexanoate Definition: Ester of caproic acid and isomeric amyl alcohols Empirical: C11H22O2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 186.30; dens. 0.860; b.p. 94-96 C (10 mm); flash pt. 88 C; ref. index 1.4200 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds, public waters Precaution: Combustible; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Sweet apple, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; J.H. Calo

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.jhcalo.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isoamyl 2-hydroxybenzoate; Isoamyl ohydroxybenzoate. See Isoamyl salicylate Isoamyl isobutyrate CAS 2050-01-3; EINECS/ELINCS 218-078-1 UN 1993; FEMA 3507 Synonyms: Isoamyl 2-methylpropanoate; Isopentyl isobutyrate; 3-Methylbutyl 2methylpropanoate Empirical: C9H18O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; fruity, apricot/pineapple odor; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.8627; b.p. 170 C; flash pt. 53 C; ref. index 1.405-1.409 Toxicology: TSCA listed Environmental: do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds, public waters Precaution: Flamm. liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Apricot, grape, pineapple, honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Interchim Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.interchim.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isoamyl isovalerate CAS 659-70-1; EINECS/ELINCS 211-536-1 FEMA 2085 Synonyms: Apple essence; Apple oil; Isoamyl isovalerianate; Isoamyl 3-methylbutanoate; Isopentyl isopentanoate; Isopentyl isovalerate; Isovaleric acid, isopentyl ester Empirical: C10H20O2 Formula: C4H9CO2C5H1 Properties: Colorless clear liq., fruity odor, applelike flavor; sol. in most org. solvs., alcohol, ether, paraffin oil, fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 172.27; dens. 0.854-0.8583; b.p. 193 C; flash pt. 72 C; ref. index 1.4125-1.4135 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 13,956 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, jellies; fruit essences; as apple essence for flavoring liqueurs and candy Features: Apple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; 1416

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Interchim http://www.interchim.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isoamyl isovalerianate. See Isoamyl isovalerate Isoamyl β-ketobutyrate. See Isoamyl acetoacetate Isoamyl α-ketopropionate. See Isoamyl pyruvate Isoamyl lactate CAS 19329-89-6; EINECS/ELINCS 242-966-8 Synonyms: Isopentyl lactate Classification: Lactate ester Empirical: C8H16O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; very mild, sweet, oily, caramel odor; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 160.21; sp. gr. 0.96; b.p. 202 C; acid no. 2; flash pt. (CC) 78 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a dry, well-ventilated area Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Isoamyl laurate CAS 6309-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 228-626-1 FEMA 2077 Synonyms: Dodecanoic acid, 3-methylbutyl ester; Isoamyl dodecanoate; Isoamyl dodecylate; Isopentyl laurate; 3-Methylbutyl dodecanoate Definition: Ester of isoamyl alcohol and lauric acid Empirical: C17H34O2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: CH3(CH2)10COOCH2CH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., fatty odor and flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 270.46 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isoamyl mercaptan. See 3-Methyl-1-butanethiol Isoamyl methanoate. See Isoamyl formate Isoamyl 2-methylbutanoate. See Isoamyl-2methylbutyrate Isoamyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Isoamyl isovalerate Isoamyl-2-methylbutyrate CAS 27625-35-0; EINECS/ELINCS 248-581-1 FEMA 3505 Synonyms: Cherry butyate; Isoamyl 2methylbutanoate; Isopentyl 2methylbutanoate; Isopentyl-2methylbutyrate; 3-Methylbutyl 2methylbutanoate Empirical: C10H20O2 Properties: Fruity, citrus pear odor; m.w. 172.27; dens. 0.857; b.p. 186 C; flash pt. 64 C; ref. index 1.413 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity, citrus, strawberry, sherry flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/ Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isoamyl 2-methylpropanoate. See Isoamyl 1417

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference isobutyrate Isoamyl nonanoate CAS 7779-70-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-933-3 FEMA 2078 Synonyms: Isoamyl nonylate; Isoamyl pelargonate; Isopentyl nonanoate; 3-Methyl butyl nonanoate; Nonate Empirical: C14H28O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., nutty oily apricotlike odor, fruity winey cognac-rum flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 228.37; dens. 0.86; b.p. 260-265 C; flash pt. 120 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Apricot-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isoamyl nonylate. See Isoamyl nonanoate Isoamyl octanoate CAS 2035-99-6; EINECS/ELINCS 218-004-8 FEMA 2080 Synonyms: Isoamyl caprylate; Isopentyl octanoate; 3-Methylbutyl octanoate; Octanoic acid, isopentyl ester; Octanoic acid, 3-methylbutyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C13H26O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; oily-fruity, sl. animal, orris odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 214.35; dens. 0.861; b.p. 267-268 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4219-1.4299 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary skin irritant; irritating to respiratory system, eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isoamylol. See Isoamyl alcohol Isoamyl 3-oxobutanoate. See Isoamyl acetoacetate Isoamyl pelargonate. See Isoamyl nonanoate Isoamyl phenylacetate CAS 102-19-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-012-6 FEMA 2081 Synonyms: Benzeneacetic acid, 3-methylbutyl ester; Isoamyl α-toluate; Isopentyl phenylacetate Definition: Ester of phenylacetic acid and isoamyl alcohol Empirical: C13H18O2 Properties: Colorless Liq., cocoa-like odor; m.w. 206.28; dens. 0.982; b.p. 265-266 C (723 mm); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.4850-1.4870 Toxicology: Skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com; Elan http://www.elanchemical.com 1418

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isoamyl β-phenylacrylate; Isoamyl 3-phenyl propenate; Isoamyl 3-phenylpropenoate. See Isoamyl cinnamate Isoamyl propionate CAS 105-68-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-322-1 FEMA 2082 Synonyms: Isopentyl alcohol, propionate; Isopentyl propanoate; Isopentyl propionate; 3-Methylbutyl propanoate; Propionic acid, isopentyl ester; Propionic acid, 3methylbutyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: CH3CH2COOCH2CH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity apricot-pineapple odor; sol. in alcohol, most fixed oils; insol. in glycol, water; m.w. 144.21; dens. 0.871; b.p. 156 C; flash pt. 118 F; ref. index 1.4060 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 6924 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Features: Apricot, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isoamyl pyruvate CAS 7779-72-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-934-9 FEMA 2083 Synonyms: Isoamyl α-ketopropionate; Isopentyl pyruvate Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C8H14O3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; m.w. 158.20; dens. 0.978 (17 C); b.p. 185 C Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isoamyl salicylate CAS 87-20-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-730-4 FEMA 2084 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid; Isoamyl 2hydroxybenzoate; Isoamyl ohydroxybenzoate; Isopentyl salicylate; 3Methylbutyl ester; 3-Methylbutyl salicylate; Orchidee Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C12H16O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; pleasant sweet odor; sol. in alcohol and chlorinated solvs.; misc. with ether; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 208.26; dens. 1.050; b.p. 277-278 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5070 1419

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Pleasant sl. floral, sweet herbaceous green flavor and fragrance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isoamyl thiol. See 3-Methyl-1-butanethiol Isoamyl α-toluate. See Isoamyl phenylacetate Isoanethole. See Estragole Isoascorbic acid; D-Isoascorbic acid. See Erythorbic acid 1(3H)-Isobenzofuranone, 3-butylidene-. See 3Butylidenephthalide Isobixin. See Bixin Isoborneol CAS 124-76-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-712-4 FEMA 2158 Synonyms: dl-Isoborneol; Isobornyl alcohol; Isocamphol; exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol Definition: A geometrical isomer of borneol Empirical: C10H18O Formula: C10H17OH Properties: Wh. cryst. solid, piney camphoraceous odor; m.w. 154.24; m.p. 212213 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5200 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 56 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Camida USA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.camida.com; Camphor Allied Prods. http://www.camphor-allied.com; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemosgroup.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com dl-Isoborneol. See Isoborneol Isobornyl acetate CAS 125-12-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-727-6 UN NA 1993; FEMA 2160 Synonyms: 2-Camphanyl acetate; exo-1,7,7Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-yl acetate; exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl ethanoate Definition: Exo-isomer of bornyl acetate; commercial prod. is usually a mixt. of optical isomers Empirical: C12H20O2 Properties: Colorless clear liq., camphor-like odor, fresh burning taste; sol. in most org. solvs., alcohol, most fixed oils, min. oil; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in glycerol and water; m.w. 196.29; dens. 0.978 (20 C); b.p. 102-103 C (12 mm); ref. index 1.4620-1.4650 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 9 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Camphor Allied Prods. http://www.camphor-allied.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Millennium/Perf. Chems. http://www.millenniumchem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isobornyl alcohol. See Isoborneol 1420

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Isobornyl formate CAS 1200-67-5; EINECS/ELINCS 214-853-3 FEMA 2162 Synonyms: exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo (2.2.1) hept-2-yl formate; exo-1,7,7Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl methanoate Empirical: C11H18O2 Properties: Liq., aromatic pine needles odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 182.26; dens. 1.000 (18 C); b.p. 110 C (20 mm); ref. index 1.4717 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Isobornyl isovalerate CAS 7779-73-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-935-4 FEMA 2166 Synonyms: exo-Bornyl isovalerate; exoBornyl 3-methylbutanoate isovalerate; Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 1,7,7trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl ester, exEmpirical: C15H26O2 Properties: Colorless liq., warm herbaceous camphoraceous, subtle mint berry odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 238.37; sp.gr. 0.943-0.955; flash pt. (CC) 230 F; ref. index 1.458-1.464 (20 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Isobornyl propionate CAS 2756-56-1; EINECS/ELINCS 220-410-5 FEMA 2163 Synonyms: exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl propanoate; exo-1,7,7Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl propionate Empirical: C13H22O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq.; pine, herbal, fruity, woody odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

m.w. 210.31; sp.gr. 0.9720-0.9770; b.p. 254 C; flash pt. (CC) 98 C; ref. index 1.4640; tenacity 8 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: TSCA listed Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 4-626); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Elan http://www.elanchemical.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Isobutanal. See 2-Methylpropanal Isobutane CAS 75-28-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-857-2 UN 1076 (DOT); UN 1969 (DOT); INS943b; E943b Synonyms: 2-Methylpropane; Trimethylmethane Classification: Hydrocarbon gas Definition: A constituent of natural gas and illuminating gas Empirical: C4H10 Formula: CH(CH3)3 Properties: Colorless gas, odorless; easily liquefied under pressure at R.T.; sol. in oxygenated and hydrocarbon solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 58.12; dens. 0.5572; vapor pressure 2950 mm Hg (31 psig, 21 C); f.p. 159 C; b.p. -11.73 C; flash pt. -83 C Toxicology: Asphyxiant; narcotic at high concs.; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm. gas; explosive; very dangerous fire and explosion hazard exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; propellant, aerating agent, gas for foamed and sprayed food prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1165, GRAS; FDA approved for topicals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aeropres 1421

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.aeropres.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BOC Gases http://www.boc.com; Calor Gas http://www.calorgas.ie ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com Isobutanethiol. See 2-Methyl-1-propanethiol Isobutanoic acid. See Isobutyric acid Isobutanol. See Isobutyl alcohol Isobutene homopolymer; Isobutene polymer. See Polyisobutene 2-Isobutenyl-4-methyltetrahydropyran. See Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)2H-pyran 2-Isobutoxynaphthalene. See β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether Isobutyl acetate CAS 110-19-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-745-1 UN 1123 (DOT); UN 1213 (DOT); FEMA 2175 Synonyms: Acetic acid isobutyl ester; Acetic acid 2-methylpropyl ester; 2-Methylpropyl acetate; 2-Methyl-1-propyl acetate; 2Methylpropyl ethanoate; β-Methylpropyl ethanoate Classification: Carboxylic acid ester Definition: Ester of isobutyl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: CH3COOCH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless clear liq., fruit-like odor; very sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; sol. in ether, hydrocarbons; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 116.18; sp.gr. 0.8685 (15 C); m.p. -98.9 C; b.p. 118 C; flash pt. (TCC) 18 C; ref. index 1.389 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 150 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 13,400 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing. and inh.; vapors can probably irritate nose and throat; high concs. may cause CNS depression; ing. may cause CNS mouth/throat irritation, CNS depression, headache, weakness, dizziness, nausea; higher concs. may cause unconsciousness; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; very dangerous fire and mod. explosion hazard on exposure to heat, flame, oxidizers; incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong bases, strong acids; increased risk of fire/explosion; decomp. (hydrolysis) can occur Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; ground drums and bond transfer containers Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, icings Features: Sweet apple, banana-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMC Chems.; Accurate Chem. & Scientific http://www.accuratechemical.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Novachem Aromatici http://www.novachemaromatici.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum 1422

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isobutyl acetoacetate CAS 7779-75-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-937-5 FEMA 2177 Synonyms: Acetoacetic acid isobutyl ester; Isobutyl β-ketobutyrate; Isobutyl-3oxobutanoate; 2-Methyl-1-propyl acetoacetate Empirical: C8H14O3 Properties: Colorless liq., brandy-like odor, sweet sl. fruity flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 158.20; dens. 0.9697; b.p. 84.5 C (11 mm); flash pt. 173 F; ref. index 1.4219 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Organica Trading http://www.organicatrading.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; WackerChemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Isobutyl alcohol CAS 78-83-1; EINECS/ELINCS 201-148-0 UN 1212 (DOT); UN 1213; FEMA 2179 Synonyms: 1-Hydroxymethylpropane; IBA; Isobutanol; Isopropylcarbinol; 2Methylpropanol; 2-Methyl-1-propanol; 2Methylpropan-1-ol; 2-Methylpropyl alcohol Classification: Primary aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C4H10O Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2OH Properties: Colorless liq.; sweet musty odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; misc. with most org. solvs.; partly sol. in water; m.w. 74.12; dens. 0.806 (15 C); vapor pressure 10.4 mm Hg; f.p. -108 C; b.p. 106-109 C; flash pt. (TCC) 29 C; autoignition temp. 415 C; ref. index 1.396; surf. tens. 22.98 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 17.93 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 2460 mg/kg; poison by IV, IP Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

route; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact; severe skin/eye irritant; inh. of high concs. or ing. may cause CNS depression effects; collapse, coma, or death possible at higher doses; liver/kidney damage possible; experimental carcinogen, tumorigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.41; COD 2.46; ThOD 2.59 Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire hazard with heat, flame; mod. explosive as vapor with heat, flame, oxidizers; also incompat. with chromium trioxide; explosion potential with various chems. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from heat/ignition sources Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.515, 172.859, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2800; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI; CERCLA hazardous substance Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMC Chems.; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Houghton Chem. 1423

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isobutyl aldehyde. See 2-Methylpropanal Isobutyl 2-aminobenzoate; Isobutyl oaminobenzoate. See Isobutyl anthranilate Isobutyl angelate CAS 7779-81-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-941-7 FEMA 2180 Synonyms: Isobutyl cis-2-methyl-2-butenoate; Isobutyl cis-α-methylcrotonate; 2Methylpropyl (Z)-2-methyl-2-butenoate; Methylpropyl 2-methylisocrotonate Definition: Ester of isobutyl alcohol and angelic acid Empirical: C9H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq., chamomile-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 156.23; sp.gr. 0.877; b.p. 176-177 C; flash pt. 140 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, icings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isobutyl anthranilate CAS 7779-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-938-0 FEMA 2182 Synonyms: 2-Aminobenzoic acid, 2methylpropyl ester; Isobutyl 2aminobenzoate; Isobutyl o-aminobenzoate; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2-Methylpropyl 2-aminobenzoate Empirical: C11H15NO2 Formula: NH2C6H4-COOCH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless to brn. liq., faint orangeflowers odor; sol. in DMSO, 95% ethanol; insol. in water; m.w. 193.25; dens. 1.058; b.p. 156-157 C (13.5 mm); ref. index 1.5459 Precaution: Probably combustible; hydrolyzes under acidic or basic conditions Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes Storage: Air- and light-sensitive; store refrigerated; keep container tightly closed under inert atmosphere; protect from light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com Isobutyl benzoate CAS 120-50-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-401-3 FEMA 2185 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, isobutyl ester; Benzoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester; Eglantine; 2-Methylpropyl benzoate Definition: Ester of butyl alcohol and benzoic acid Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: C6H5CO2CH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq., floral-leafy odor; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 178.23; dens. 1.002; b.p. 237 C; flash pt. 96 C; ref. index 1.493-1.496 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5600 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 4800 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Use Level: 0.5% max. as benzoic acid in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com 1424

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Isobutyl benzyl carbinol. See αIsobutylphenethyl alcohol Isobutyl benzyl ketone. See 4-Methyl-1-phenyl2-pentanone Isobutyl-2-butenoate CAS 589-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 209-658-5 UN 3272; FEMA 3432 Synonyms: 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester; Isobutyl trans-2-butenoate; Isobutyl crotonate Empirical: C8H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity rum-like odor; fruity taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 142.19; sp.gr. 0.883-0.891; b.p. 171 C; flash pt. (CC) 56 C; ref. index 1.428 (20 C) Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; lachrymator; harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; vapor/mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Flamm. liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Sensitive to light; store in cool, wellventilated area away from naked flame, ignition sources; refrigerate; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; FEMA GRAS; AICS, China, Canada DSL, ECL, EINECS, ENCS, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Isobutyl trans-2-butenoate. See Isobutyl-2butenoate Isobutyl butyrate CAS 539-90-2; EINECS/ELINCS 208-729-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 2187 Synonyms: Isobutyl n-butyrate; 2-Methyl propanyl butyrate; 2-Methylpropyl butanoate Definition: Ester of butyric acid and isobutyl alcohol Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity odor, sweet rumlike flavor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; misc. with ether; sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 144.21; dens. 0.866; b.p. 157 C; flash pt. 114 F; ref. index 1.4035 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (oral, rabbit) 9520 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing. and intraduodenal routes; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, alcoholic beverages Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com 1425

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Isobutyl n-butyrate. See Isobutyl butyrate Isobutyl caproate; Isobutyl capronate. See Isobutyl hexanoate Isobutyl carbinol. See Isoamyl alcohol Isobutylcarbylamine. See Isoamylamine Isobutyl cinnamate CAS 122-67-8; EINECS/ELINCS 204-564-0 FEMA 2193 Synonyms: Cinnamic acid, isobutyl ester; Isobutyl-β-phenylacrylate; Isobutyl-3phenylpropenoate; 2-Methylpropyl 3phenyl-2-propenoate; 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester Empirical: C13H16O2 Formula: C4H9OOCCH:CHC6H5 Properties: Colorless oily liq., sweet fruity balsamic odor, sweet taste; sol. in 2 vols. 7% alcohol; m.w. 204.27; dens. 1.003; b.p. 287 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.541 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Features: Sweet, fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isobutyl crotonate. See Isobutyl-2-butenoate Isobutylene homopolymer. See Polyisobutene Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer CAS 9010-85-9 Synonyms: 1,3-Butadiene-2-methyl polymer with 2-methyl-1-propene; Butyl rubber; IIR; Isobutylene/isoprene copolymers; 3-Methyl1,3-butadiene polymer with 2-methyl-1propene; Poly (isobutylene-co-isoprene) Definition: Copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene monomers Formula: (C5H8 • C4H8)x Properties: Dens. 0.92; vulcanizates have tens. str. to 2000 psi (unreinforced); exc. resist. to aging, sunlight; exc. impermeability to gases; superior shock absorp.; good abrasion resist.; high dielec. const. Toxicology: TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Will support combustion Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.180, 177.1010, 177.1210, 177.1420, 177.2600, 178.1005, 178.3850; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Nichem http://www.nichemcorporation.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com Trade Names: Bayer Butyl 101-3; Bayer Butyl 402 Isobutylene/isoprene copolymers. See Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer Isobutylene polymer; Isobutylene resin. See Polyisobutene Isobutyl formate CAS 542-55-2; EINECS/ELINCS 208-818-1 UN 2393 (DOT); FEMA 2197 Synonyms: Formic acid isobutyl ester; Tetryl formate Empirical: C5H10O2 Formula: HCOOCH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Liq., fruity ether-like odor, rum-like taste; sol. in 100 parts water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 102.13; dens. 0.885 (20/4 C); m.p. -95 C; b.p. 98-99 C; flash pt. 50 F; ref. index 1.3858 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 3064 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; mod. explosion hazard exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Sweet, fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC 1426

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isobutyl formic acid. See Isovaleric acid Isobutyl-2-furanpropionate CAS 105-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-261-0 FEMA 2198 Synonyms: Isobutyl furfurylacetate; Isobutyl furylpropionate; 2-Methylpropyl furan-2propionate Definition: Ester of 2-furanpropionic acid and isobutanol Empirical: C11H16O3 Properties: Colorless to pale straw-yel. liq., fruity winey brandy-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 196.25 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1950 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, icings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Isobutyl furfurylacetate; Isobutyl furylpropionate. See Isobutyl-2furanpropionate Isobutyl heptanoate CAS 7779-80-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-940-1 FEMA 2200 Synonyms: Heptanoic acid, isobutyl ester; Heptanoic acid, 3-methylpropyl ester; Isobutyl heptoate; Isobutyl heptylate; 2Methylpropyl heptanoate Definition: Ester of heptanoic acid and isobutyl alcohol Empirical: C11H22O2 Properties: Colorless liq., green odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 186.30; dens. 0.8593; b.p. 209 C; flash pt. 86 C Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Isobutyl heptoate; Isobutyl heptylate. See Isobutyl heptanoate Isobutyl hexanoate CAS 105-79-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-332-6 FEMA 2202 Synonyms: Hexanoic acid, isobutyl ester; Hexanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester; Isobutyl caproate; Isobutyl capronate; Isobutyl hexylate; 2-Methylpropyl hexanoate Empirical: C10H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity apple-like odor; m.w. 172.27; dens. 0.856; vapor dens. 5.9; b.p. 348-350 C; flash pt. 169 F; ref. index 1.412-1.416 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Store under nitrogen; refrigerate; store at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum Features: Chocolate, apple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isobutyl hexylate. See Isobutyl hexanoate Isobutyl 4-hydroxybenzoate. See Isobutylparaben 1427

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Isobutyl o-hydroxybenzoate. See Isobutyl salicylate Isobutyl p-hydroxybenzoate. See Isobutylparaben Isobutyl isobutyrate CAS 97-85-8; EINECS/ELINCS 202-612-5 UN 2528 (DOT); FEMA 2189 Synonyms: IBIB; Isobutyric acid, isobutyl ester; 2-Methylpropanoic acid 2methylpropyl ester; 2-Methylpropyl isobutyrate; 2-Methylpropyl 2methylpropanoate Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCOOCH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 144.22; dens. 0.854 (20/4 C); m.p. -81 C; b.p. 149-151 C; flash pt. 40 C; ref. index 1.399 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12,800 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 6 h) 5000 ppm; mildly toxic by ing. and inh.; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages Features: Grape-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isobutyl isopentanoate. See Isobutyl isovalerate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Isobutyl isovalerate CAS 589-59-3; EINECS/ELINCS 209-653-8 FEMA 3369 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 2methylpropyl ester; Isobutyl isopentanoate; Isobutyl 3-methylbutanoate; Isovaleric acid, isobutyl ester; 2-Methylpropyl isovalerate; 2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate; 2Methylpropyl 3-methylbutyrate Empirical: C9H18O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2COOCH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq.; ethereal odor; misc. with alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.853 (20 C); b.p. 170-172 C; flash pt. 53 C; ref. index 1.4064 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary irritant; mod. skin irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, preserves, spreads Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isobutyl β-ketobutyrate. See Isobutyl acetoacetate Isobutyl ketone. See Diisobutyl ketone Isobutyl lignate. See Vanillin isobutyrate Isobutyl mercaptan. See 2-Methyl-1propanethiol Isobutyl methoxypyrazine. See 2-Isobutyl-3methoxy-pyrazine 2-Isobutyl-3-methoxy-pyrazine CAS 24683-00-9; EINECS/ELINCS 246-402-1 FEMA 3132 Synonyms: Isobutyl methoxypyrazine; 2Isobutyl-3(5/6)-methoxypyrazine; 2Methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine; 2-2Methylpropyl-3-methoxypyrazine Classification: pyrazine Empirical: C9H14N2O 1428

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Colorless liq.; green pepper odor; sl. sol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 166.22; dens. 0.990; vapor dens. 5.7; flash pt. 80 C; ref. index 1.488-1.492 Toxicology: Skin, eye, respiratory system irritant Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep in original, rightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Powerful earthy flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ 2-Isobutyl-3(5/6)-methoxypyrazine. See 2Isobutyl-3-methoxy-pyrazine Isobutyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Isobutyl isovalerate Isobutyl cis-2-methyl-2-butenoate; Isobutyl cisα-methylcrotonate. See Isobutyl angelate Isobutyl methyl ketone. See Methyl isobutyl ketone Isobutyl 2-naphthyl ether; Isobutyl β-naphthyl ether. See β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether Isobutyl-3-oxobutanoate. See Isobutyl acetoacetate Isobutylparaben CAS 4247-02-3; EINECS/ELINCS 224-208-8 Synonyms: 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 2methylpropyl ester; Isobutyl 4hydroxybenzoate; Isobutyl phydroxybenzoate; Isobutyl parahydroxybenzoate Definition: Ester of isobutyl alcohol and pHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

hydroxybenzoic acid Empirical: C11H14O3 Properties: Wh. solid.; insol. in water; m.w. 194.25 Toxicology: LD50 (subcut., mouse) 2600 mg/kg; may cause eye and skin irritation; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in cool, dry area away from oxidizing agents Uses: Preservative for foods Features: Broad-spectrum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.200; foods (0.012-1 g/kg as p-hydroxybenzoic acid); Canada DSL; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isobutyl parahydroxybenzoate. See Isobutylparaben Isobutyl pentanoate. See Isobutyl valerate α-Isobutylphenethyl alcohol CAS 7779-78-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-939-6 FEMA 2208 Synonyms: Benzyl isoamyl alcohol; Benzyl isobutyl carbinol; Isobutyl benzyl carbinol; 4-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pentanol; 4-Methyl-1phenylpentan-2-ol Classification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C12H18O Properties: Colorless sl. oily liq., green floral herbaceous straw-like odor, buttery oily caramellic flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 178.27; dens. 0.96; b.p. 250 C; ref. index 1.501-1.508 (20 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isobutyl phenylacetate CAS 102-13-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-007-9 FEMA 2210 Synonyms: Acetic acid, phenyl-, isobutyl 1429

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ester; Benzeneacetic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester; Butyl isophenyl acetate; Isobutyl phenylethanoate; Isobutyl α-toluate; 2Methylpropyl benzeneacetate; Methyl propyl phenyl acetate; 2-Methyl propyl phenyl acetate; Phenylacetic acid, isobutyl ester Definition: Ester of phenylacetic acid and isobutyl alcohol Empirical: C12H16O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2OOCCH2C6H5 Properties: Colorless liq., sweet musk-like fragrance, sweet honey-like flavor; sol. in alcohol, most fixed oils, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in glycerol, propylene glycol, water; m.w. 192.26; dens. 0.984-0.988; b.p. 253 C; flash pt. 116 C; ref. index 1.4860-1.4880 Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, maraschino cherries, tobacco Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Leprino Foods http://www.leprinofoods.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Isobutyl-β-phenylacrylate. See Isobutyl cinnamate Isobutyl phenylethanoate. See Isobutyl phenylacetate Isobutyl-3-phenylpropenoate. See Isobutyl cinnamate Isobutyl propionate CAS 540-42-1; EINECS/ELINCS 208-746-0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

UN 2394 (DOT); FEMA 2212 Synonyms: 2-Methylpropyl propanoate; 2Methylpropyl propionate; Propanoic acid, 2methylpropyl ester; Propionic acid, isobutyl ester Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: CH3CH2COOCH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Water-wh. liq., agreeable ethereal odor; very sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 130.18; dens. 0.888 (0/4 C); m.p. -71 C; b.p. 137 C; flash pt. 33 C; ref. index 1.3975 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 5599 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; vigorous reactions with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods; mfg. of fruit essences Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isobutyl salicylate CAS 87-19-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-729-9 FEMA 2213 Synonyms: Isobutyl o-hydroxybenzoate; 2Methylpropyl 2-hydroxybenzoate; Salicylic acid, isobutyl ester Classification: aromatic alcohol Definition: Ester of isobutyl alcohol and salicylic acid Empirical: C11H14O3 1430

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Formula: HOC6H4COOCH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq., orchid wintergreen-like odor, bitter taste; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, min. oil, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 194.23; dens. 1.0641.065; m.p. 6 C; b.p. 259-260 C; flash pt. 121 C; ref. index 1.5070-1.5100 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1560 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 5100 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isobutylthiazole. See 2-Isobutylthiazole 2-Isobutylthiazole CAS 18640-74-9; EINECS/ELINCS 242-470-1 FEMA 3134 Synonyms: Isobutylthiazole; Thiazole, 2isobutyl-; Thiazole, 2-(2-methylpropyl)Empirical: C7H11NS Properties: Colorless liq.; unpleasant green tomato leaf fine-like odor; sl. sol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 141.24; dens. 0.995; vapor dens. 4.8; b.p. 172-180 C; flash pt. 57.8 C; ref. index 1.4950 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx, SOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aesar http://www.alfa.com Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Chunking http://www.chunkingchem.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Isobutyl thiocalcohol. See 2-Methyl-1propanethiol Isobutyl α-toluate. See Isobutyl phenylacetate Isobutyl valerate CAS 10588-10-0; EINECS/ELINCS 234-191-9 Synonyms: Isobutyl pentanoate; Isobutyl valerinate; 2-Methylpropyl valerate; 2Methyl-1-propyl n-valerate; Pentanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester; Valeric acid, isobutyl ester Empirical: C9H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; pleasant fruity odor; sol. in ether, alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.85; b.p. 167-170 C; flash pt. 60 C; ref. index 1.408 (20 C0 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, fruit extracts Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SRS Aromatics Ltd http://www.srsaromatics.com Isobutyl valerinate. See Isobutyl valerate Isobutyraldehyde. See 2-Methylpropanal Isobutyric acid CAS 79-31-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-195-7 UN 2529 (DOT); FEMA 2222 Synonyms: Acetic acid, dimethyl-; Dimethylacetic acid; Isobutanoic acid; 1431

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Isopropylformic acid; 2-Methylpropanoic acid; Methylpropionic acid; 2Methylpropionic acid; α-Methylpropionic acid; MPA; Propionic acid, 2-methylClassification: Organic acid Empirical: C4H8O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCOOH Properties: Colorless liq., pungent odor of rancid butter; sol. in 6 parts of water; misc. with alcohol, ether, chloroform, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; m.w. 88.11; dens. 0.9460.950 (20/20 C); m.p. -46 C; b.p. 154.4 C; flash pt. (TOC) 76.6 C; ref. index 1.393 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 280 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 500 mg/kg; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by skin contact; corrosive irritant to eyes and tissue; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm., corrosive; reactive with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, margarine Features: Pungent, butter-like, fruity on dilution Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 573.914; FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isobutyric acid benzyl ester. See Benzyl isobutyrate Isobutyric acid, cinnamyl ester. See Cinnamyl isobutyrate Isobutyric acid, 3,7-dimethyl-octa-2,6-dienyl ester; Isobutyric acid, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6octadienyl ester, (Z)-. See Neryl isobutyrate isobutyric acid ester with vanillin. See Vanillin isobutyrate Isobutyric acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl isobutyrate Isobutyric acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl isobutyrate Isobutyric acid, isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl isobutyrate Isobutyric acid isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl isobutyrate; Isopropyl isovalerate Isobutyric acid methyl ester. See Methyl isobutyrate Isobutyric acid phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl isobutyrate Isobutyric acid 2-phenoxyethyl ester. See Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate Isobutyric acid 3-phenylpropyl ester. See 3Phenylpropyl isobutyrate Isobutyric acid propyl ester. See Propyl isobutyrate Isobutyric acid, p-tolyl ester. See p-Tolyl isobutyrate Isobutyric aldehyde. See 2-Methylpropanal Isocamphol. See Isoborneol Isocaproic acid. See 4-Methylpentanoic acid Isocetyl alcohol CAS 36311-34-9; EINECS/ELINCS 252-964-9 Synonyms: 2-Hexyl-1-decanol; Isohexadecanol; Isohexadecyl alcohol; Isopalmityl alcohol Definition: Mixture of branched chain C16 aliphatic alcohols Empirical: C16H34O Formula: C8H17CHC6H13CH2OH 1432

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Clear liq.; sol. in min. oil, 95% ethanol, IPM, oleyl alcohol, castor oil, cyclomethicone; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 242; sp.gr. 0.830-0.840; m.p. -30 C; flash pt. (COC) 156 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 50 g/kg; mildly irritating to skin and eyes; TSCA listed Uses: Carrier and extender for flavor and fragrance oils in foods; solubilizer Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Leprino Foods http://www.leprinofoods.com; M. Michel http://www.mmichel.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Ceraphyl® ICA Isocineole. See 1,4-Cineole Isodecylaldehyde. See 2,6-Dimethyl octanal Isodulcit. See Rhamnose Isoestragole. See Anethole Isoeugenol CAS 97-54-1; EINECS/ELINCS 202-590-7 FEMA 2468 Synonyms: 1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propylene; 1-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-4propenylbenzene; 2-Hydroxy-5propenylanisole; 2-Methoxy-4propenylphenol; 2-Methoxy-4-(prop-1-enyl) phenol; Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-; Propenylguaiacol; 4-Propenylguaiacol Classification: Substituted phenol; aromatic alcohol Definition: Commercial grades are a mixt. of cisand trans-isomers Empirical: C10H12O2 Formula: (CH3CHCH)C6H3OHOCH3 Properties: Pale yel. visc. oil; carnation odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol, most org. solvs.; misc. with alcohol, ether; very sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 164.22; dens. 1.0791.085; m.p. -10 C; b.p. 266 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.572-1.577 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1560 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mod. human skin irritant; allergen; sensitizer; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments Features: Sweet flavor Use Level: 0.02% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Anthea Aromatics http://www.antheaaromatics.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Isoeugenol acetate. See Acetisoeugenol Isoeugenol, benzyl ether; trans-Isoeugenol benzyl ether. See Isoeugenyl benzyl ether Isoeugenol methyl ether; 1,3,4-Isoeugenol methyl ether. See Methyl isoeugenol Isoeugenyl acetate. See Acetisoeugenol Isoeugenyl benzyl ether CAS 120-11-6; 92666-21-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-370-6 FEMA 3698 Synonyms: Benzene, 1-(benzyloxy)-2methoxy-4-propenyl-; Benzene, 2-methoxy1-(phenylmethoxy)-4-(1-propenyl)-; Benzyl alcohol, ether with isoeugenol; Benzyl isoeugenol; Benzylisoeugenol ether; Benzyl 2-methoxy-4-propenyl phenyl ether; 1Benzyloxy-2-methoxy-4-propenyl benzene; Isoeugenol, benzyl ether; trans-Isoeugenol benzyl ether; 2-Methoxy-4-propenylphenyl benzyl ether; 4-Propenyl-1-benzyloxy-2methoxybenzene Empirical: C17H18O2 Properties: Wh. to pink cryst. powd.; sweet fruity spicey rose-carnation odor; sol. in paraffin oil; insol. in water; m.w. 254.33; b.p. 282 C; m.p. 59-63 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4900 mg/kg; may 1433

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in a cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Isoeugenyl ethyl ether CAS 7784-67-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-072-6 FEMA 2472 Synonyms: 1-Ethoxy-2-methoxy-4-propen-1-yl benzene; 2-Ethoxy-5-propenyl anisole; Ethyl isoeugenyl; 2-Methoxy-4-prop-1-enyl phenetole Empirical: C12H16O2 Formula: C3H5(CH3O)C6H3OC2H5 Properties: Wh. to pale yel. cryst. solid; sol. in ether, benzene, alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 192.26; m.p. 63-64 C; b.p. 245 C Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, sweetener in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Isoeugenyl formate CAS 7774-96-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-884-8 FEMA 2474 Synonyms: 2-Methoxy-4-propenylphenyl formate; 4,1-Propen-1-yl-2-methoxyphenyl formate Empirical: C11H12O3 Properties: Colorless to pale straw-yel. visc. liq., orris-like green sweet woody odor, warm spicy flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

192.22; b.p. 282 C; ref. index 1.5660 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Isoeugenyl methyl ether. See Methyl isoeugenol Isoeugenyl phenylacetate CAS 120-24-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-381-6 FEMA 2477 Synonyms: 2-Methoxy-4-propenylphenyl phenylacetate; 4-Methoxy-4-prop-1enylphenyl phenylacetate; Propenylguaiacol phenylacetate Empirical: C18H18O3 Properties: Ylsh. visc. liq.; insol. in water; m.w 282.34; dens. 1.119; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.575-1.577 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet cinnamon, apple, honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isoforon. See Isophorone Isohexadecanol; Isohexadecyl alcohol. See Isocetyl alcohol Isohexanoic acid. See 4-Methylpentanoic acid Isohomogenol. See Methyl isoeugenol Isojasmone CAS 11050-62-7; EINECS/ELINCS 234-273-4 FEMA 3552 Classification: aliphatic ketone Definition: Mixt. of 2-hexylidenecyclopentanone and 2-hexyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one Empirical: C11H16O Properties: Yel. to yel.-brn. liq., jasmine-like odor; m.w. 164.27; dens. 0.911; m.p. 144 C (10 mm); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.47501.4800 Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.06% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Abaco http://www.abacoinc.net/; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Elan 1434

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Isolated soy protein. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Isoleucine (INCI). See L-Isoleucine DL-Isoleucine CAS 443-79-8; EINECS/ELINCS 207-139-8 FEMA 3295 Synonyms: DL-allo-Isoleucine; DL-2-Amino-3methylvaleric acid Empirical: C6H13NO2 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless, sl. bitter taste; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 131.17; m.p. 292 C (with dec.) Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Asiamerica Int'l.; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Bachem http://bachem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kyowa Hakko USA http://www.kyowausa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com L-Isoleucine CAS 73-32-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-798-2 Synonyms: Acetic acid, amino-s-butyl-; 2Amino-3-methylpentanoic acid; L-2-Amino3-methylpentanoic acid; 2-Amino-3methylvaleric acid; α-Amino-βmethylvaleric acid; Isoleucine (INCI); Norvaline, 3-methyl-; Valeric acid, 2-amino3-methyl Classification: Natural protein amino acid Definition: Commercial prod. is the naturally occurring L(+)-enantiomer Empirical: C6H13NO2 Formula: CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH(NH2)COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., bitter taste; sl. sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 131.17; m.p. 283-284 C (dec.) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 6822 mg/kg; mildly toxic by IP route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.320, 6.6% max.; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMINO GmbH http://www.aminoactives.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Bachem http://bachem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com Isomalt CAS 64519-82-0 INS953; E953 Synonyms: Hydrogenated isomaltulose; Hydrogenated palatinose; Isomaltitol Definition: A polyol derived exclusively from sugar; mixt. of two components: 6-O-Dglucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol and 1-O-Dglycopyranosyl-D-mannitol-dihydrate 1435

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: 50% metabolized in humans; breaks down to form sorbitol, mannitol, and glucose; short-term animal studies show increase in bilirubin levels Uses: Nutritive sweetener, sugar substitute in foods, confections, candies, chewing gum, soft drinks, desserts; base for medicated hard boiled candies; anticaking agent, bulking agent, glazing agent in foods Features: Noncariogenic; nonhygroscopic Regulatory: BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Cerestar http://www.cargill.com/; Eurolabs Ltd http://www.eurolabs.co.uk; Molekula UK http://www.molekula.co.uk/; Palatinit Süssungsmittel http://www.isomalt.de Trade Names: C*IsoMaltidex; C*PharmIsoMaltidex 16540 Trade Names Containing: C*IsoMaltidex LQ; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R Isomaltitol. See Isomalt α-Isomethylionone CAS 127-51-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-846-3 FEMA 2714 Synonyms: 3-Buten-2-one, 3-methyl-4-(2,6,6trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-; α-Cetone; αCyclocitrylidene butanone; α-Ionone, isomethyl-; Isomethyl-α-ionone; Iso-αmethyl ionone; γ-Methyl ionone; 3-Methyl-4(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohex-1-yl)-1-buten-2one; 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)3-methyl-3-buten-2-one Empirical: C14H22O Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq.; flowery, violet, woody, fruity, orris-like odor; sol. in 5 parts 70% alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 206.30; dens. 0.9304; b.p. 93 C (31 mm); flash pt. 120 C; ref. index 1.5000-1.5020 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers, iron, iron salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 1-15% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-2385); Philippines PICCS Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Lothar Streeck http://www.lothar-streeck.de Morata Global Private http://www.morayaglobal.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Isomethyl-α-ionone; Iso-α-methyl ionone. See α-Isomethylionone Isonitropropane. See 2-Nitropropane Isooctadecanoic acid, diester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 diisostearate Isooctadecanoic acid, diester with diglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-2 diisostearate Isooctadecanoic acid, diester with pentaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-5 diisostearate Isooctadecanoic acid, diester with 1,2,3propanetriol trimer; Isooctadecanoic acid, diester with triglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate Isooctadecanoic acid, monoester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 isostearate Isooctadecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl isostearate Isooctadecanoic acid, triester with diglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate Isooctaopherone. See Isophorone Isooctyl oleate Classification: Ester of isooctyl alcohol and oleic acid Empirical: C26H50O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOCH2C7H15 Properties: Pale yel. liq.; sol. in hydrocarbon oils; insol. in water; m.w. 394.69; dens. 0.866 kg/l (20 C); pour pt. -27 C; iodine no. 65-70; sapon. no. 140-145; flash pt. 191 C Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: Hedipin-IOO Isooctyl stearate CAS 91031-48-0; EINECS/ELINCS 292-951-5 Definition: Ester of isooctyl alcohol and stearic acid Empirical: C26H52O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOCH2C7H15 1436

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Colorless nonvolatile liq.; sol. in hydrocarbon oils; insol. in water; m.w. 396.71; dens. 0.86 kg/l (20 C); sapon. no. 145-150 Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com Isopalmityl alcohol. See Isocetyl alcohol Isopentaldehyde. See Isovaleraldehyde Isopentane thiol. See 3-Methyl-1-butanethiol Isopentanoic acid. See Isovaleric acid Isopentanoic acid, phenylmethyl ester. See Benzyl isovalerate Isopentanol. See Isoamyl alcohol Isopentyl acetate. See Isoamyl acetate Isopentyl acetoacetate. See Isoamyl acetoacetate Isopentyl alcohol. See Isoamyl alcohol s-Isopentyl alcohol. See 3-Methyl-2-butanol Isopentyl alcohol acetate. See Isoamyl acetate Isopentyl alcohol, cinnamate. See Isoamyl cinnamate Isopentyl alcohol, formate. See Isoamyl formate Isopentyl alcohol, propionate. See Isoamyl propionate Isopentylamine. See Isoamylamine Isopentyl benzoate. See Isoamyl benzoate Isopentyl butanoate; Isopentyl butyrate. See Isoamyl butyrate Isopentyl cinnamate. See Isoamyl cinnamate Isopentyl formate. See Isoamyl formate Isopentyl-2-furanbutyrate. See Isoamyl 4-(2furan) butyrate Isopentyl 2-furanpropionate. See Isoamyl 3-(2furan) propionate Isopentyl hexanoate; Isopentyl-n-hexanoate. See Isoamyl hexanoate Isopentyl isobutyrate. See Isoamyl isobutyrate Isopentyl isopentanoate; Isopentyl isovalerate. See Isoamyl isovalerate Isopentyl lactate. See Isoamyl lactate Isopentyl laurate. See Isoamyl laurate Isopentyl mercaptan. See 3-Methyl-1butanethiol Isopentyl 2-methylbutanoate; Isopentyl-2methylbutyrate. See Isoamyl-2methylbutyrate Isopentyl nonanoate. See Isoamyl nonanoate Isopentyl octanoate. See Isoamyl octanoate Isopentyl phenylacetate. See Isoamyl phenylacetate Isopentyl 3-phenyl propenoate; Isopentyl 3Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

phenyl-2-propenoate. See Isoamyl cinnamate Isopentyl propanoate; Isopentyl propionate. See Isoamyl propionate Isopentyl pyruvate. See Isoamyl pyruvate Isopentyl salicylate. See Isoamyl salicylate Isophorol, dihydro-. See Trimethylcyclohexanol Isophorone CAS 78-59-1; EINECS/ELINCS 201-126-0 UN 1638; FEMA 3553 Synonyms: Isoacetophorone; Isoforon; Isooctaopherone; α-Isophorone; 1,1,3Trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-5-one; 3,3,5Trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one; 3,3,5Trimethylcyclohexenone; 3,3,5-Trimethyl-2cyclohexen-1-one Classification: Cyclic aliphatic ketone Empirical: C9H14O Formula: OCHC:C(CH3)CH2C(CH3)2CH2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; peppermint or camphor-like odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, acetone, oxygenated solvs.; misc. with org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 138.20; sp.gr. 0.922 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 1 mm (38 C); m.p. -8 C; b.p. 210-218 C; flash pt. (CC) 84 C; autoignition temp. 380 C; ref. index 1.4781 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/CL 5 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 2330 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 1840 ppm; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by inh.; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; human systemic effects by inh.; human irritant at 25 ppm; may cause narcosis, lung irritation, death; questionable carcinogen; mutagenic data; target organ: kidneys; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents such as peroxides, nitrates, and perchlorates NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, separate from workplace Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fallek; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Schenectady Herdillia Ltd http://www.siigroup.com/herdillia/index.htm l; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/ Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ α-Isophorone. See Isophorone Isopropanol. See Isopropyl alcohol Isopropanolamine CAS 78-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 201-162-7 FEMA 3965 Synonyms: 1-Amino-2-hydroxypropane; αAminoisopropyl alcohol; 1-Amino-2propanol; 1-Aminopropan-2-ol; 2-Hydroxy1-methylethanol; 2-Hydroxypropylamine; 2Hydroxy-1-propylamine; 1-Methyl-2aminoethanol; MIPA; Monoisopropanolamine Classification: Aliphatic amine Empirical: C3H9NO Formula: H2NCH2CHOHCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sl. ammonia odor; sol. in water; completely misc. with oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 75.13; dens. 0.969; m.p. 1.4 C; b.p. 159 C; flash pt. 171 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1715 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1640 mg/kg; poison by intraperitoneal route; moderately toxic by ingestion and skin contact; skin and severe eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; mod. flamm. with heat, flame, strong oxidizers; ignites on contact with cellulose nitrate of high surf. area; catalyzes explosive polymerization of 2,4-hexadienal Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210; FDA approved for orals; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isopropenyl carbinyl-n-butyrate. See 2Methylallyl butyrate 4-Isopropenylcyclohex-1-enecarbaldehyde. See Perillaldehyde 4-Isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene carbinol acetate. See Perillyl acetate 4-Isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde. See Perillaldehyde 4-Isopropenyl-cyclohex-1-ene-1-methanol; 4Isopropenylcyclohex-1-en-1-ylmethanol. See Perillyl alcohol 2-Isopropenyl-5-methylcyclohexanol. See Isopulegol 4-Isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene. See dLimonene 4-Isopropenyl-1-methyl-1-cyclohexene. See dlLimonene (R)-4-Isopropenyl-1-methyl-1-cyclohexene. See d-Limonene 4-Isopropenyl toluene; p-Isopropenyl toluene. See p-α-Dimethylstyrene Isopropyl acetate CAS 108-21-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-561-1 UN 1220 (DOT); FEMA 2926 Synonyms: Acetic acid isopropyl ester; Acetic acid 1-methylethyl ester; 2Acetoxypropane; Isopropyl ethanoate; 2Methylethanoate; 1-Methylethyl acetate; 2Propyl acetate; 2-Propyl ethanoate Classification: Sat. aliphatic carboxylic acid ester Empirical: C5H10O2 Formula: CH3COOCH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless clear aromatic liq., fruity odor; sol. in acetone, most org. solvs.; mod. sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether, fixed oils; m.w. 102.15; dens. 0.874 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 59.2 mm Hg; f.p. -73 C; b.p. 88.4 C; 1438

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference flash pt. 2 C; autoignition temp. 460 C; ref. index 1.377; surf. tens. 26 dynes/cm (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 250 ppm; STEL 310 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 3000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by inh.; high concs. of vapor irritating to nose and throat; human systemic effects on inh.; narcotic in high conc.; chronic exposure can cause liver damage; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.07; COD 1.67; ThOD 2.04 Precaution: Highly flamm.; UEL 8%; dangerous fire hazard with heat, flame, oxidizers; mod. explosive with heat or flame; incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids, bases, potassium t-butoxide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Isopropanol, acetic acid NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from heat/ignition sources Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet banana-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 177.1200; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/ Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/ Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Isopropylacetic acid. See Isovaleric acid Isopropyl acetic acid, benzyl ester. See Benzyl isovalerate Isopropylacetone. See Methyl isobutyl ketone 4´-Isopropylacetophenone. See pIsopropylacetophenone p-Isopropylacetophenone CAS 645-13-6; EINECS/ELINCS 211-433-1 FEMA 2927 Synonyms: Acetocumenel; Acetophenone, 4´isopropyl-; p-Acetyl cumol; 1,4-Acetylisopropyl benzol; Cuminone; Ethanone, 1[4-(1-methylethyl) phenyl]-; 4´Isopropylacetophenone; 1-(4Isopropylphenyl) ethanone; (4Isopropylphenyl) ethanone Classification: aromatic ketone Empirical: C11H14O Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; sol. 190.6 mg/l in water; m.w. 162.23; dens. 0.975; vapor pressure 0.057 mm Hg; b.p. 252-254 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Isopropyl alcohol CAS 67-63-0; EINECS/ELINCS 200-661-7 UN 1219 (DOT); FEMA 2929 Synonyms: Dimethyl carbinol; 2Hydroxypropane; IPA; Isopropanol; 1Methylethanol; 1-Methylethyl alcohol; Petrohol; 2-Propanol; Propan-2-ol; 2-Propyl alcohol; s-Propyl alcohol; Rubbing alcohol; Secondary propyl alcohol Classification: Aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C3H8O Formula: (CH3)2CHOH Properties: Colorless volatile clear liq.; pleasant alcohol-like odor, sl. bitter taste; sol. in water, alcohol, ether, chloroform, most org. solvs.; insol. in salt sol'ns.; m.w. 60.11; sp.gr. 0.7863 (20/20 C); f.p. -86 C; b.p. 82.4 C; flash pt. (TOC) 11.7 C; ref. index 1.3756 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 400 ppm; STEL 500 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 5045 mg/kg, (IP, 1439

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference rat) 2735 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 1099 mg/kg; poison by ing., subcut. routes; mod. toxic by IV and IP routes; mildly toxic by skin contact; skin and eye irritant; human systemic effects by ing./inh. (headache, nausea, vomiting, narcosis); 100 ml can be fatal; may cause dry cracking skin; experimental teratogen, reproductive effector; mutagenic data; questionable carcinogen; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.53; COD 2.23; ThOD 2.40 Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; very dangerous fire hazard with heat, flame, oxidizers; reacts with air to form dangerous peroxides; incompat. with strong oxidizers, phosgene, iron salts, hydrogen-palladium, potassium t-butoxide, nitroform Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed electrically grounded containers in a cool area separate from workplace; use in minimal quantities Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, color diluent, extraction solvent in foods, confectionery, tableted food supplements, gum, hops extract, lemon oil, spice oleoresins; in defoamers for beet sugar, yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1 (no residue), 73.30, 73.315, 73.345, 73.615, 73.1001, 172.385, 172.515, 172.560, 172.665, 172.695, 172.712, 173.240, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2800, 178.1010, 178.3910; Canada DSL; 27CFR §21.112; use in bread is permitted in Ireland and Japan; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; SARA §31/312 acute health/chronic health/fire hazard, §313 reportable Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mitsui Chems. http://www.mitsui-chem.co.jp; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nippon Petrochems. http://www.npcc.co.jp/english; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; 1440

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Veckridge Veltek Assoc. http://www.sterile.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names Containing: Slip-Ayd® SL 508 4-Isopropylbenzaldehyde; pIsopropylbenzaldehyde; pIsopropylbenzenecarboxaldehyde. See Cuminaldehyde Isopropyl benzoate CAS 939-48-0; EINECS/ELINCS 213-361-6 FEMA 2932 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, isopropyl ester; Benzoic acid, 1-methylethyl ester; 1Methylethyl benzoate; Propan-2-yl benzoate Definition: Ester of isopropyl alcohol and benzoic acid Empirical: C10H12O2 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 164.21; dens. 1.0263 (4 C); vapor pressure 0.12 mm (20 C); m.p. -26.4 C; b.p. 218-219 C; flash pt. (OC) 210 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 20 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; can react with oxidizers Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.5% max. as benzoic acid in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com 4-Isopropylbenzyl alcohol; p-Isopropylbenzyl alcohol. See Cuminic alcohol Isopropyl butanoate. See Isopropyl butyrate Isopropyl butyrate CAS 638-11-9; EINECS/ELINCS 211-320-7 FEMA 2935 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Butanoic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester; Butyric acid isopropyl ester; Isopropyl butanoate; 1-Methyl ethyl butanoate Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHOOCC3H7 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity odor; m.w. 130.19; dens. 0.859; b.p. 130-131 C; flash pt. 86 F; ref. index 1.3936 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isopropyl caproate; Isopropyl n-caproate; Isopropyl capronate. See Isopropyl hexanoate Isopropylcarbinol. See Isobutyl alcohol Isopropyl cinnamate CAS 7780-06-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-949-0 FEMA 2939 Synonyms: Isopropyl β-phenylacrylate; Isopropyl 3-phenylpropenoate; 1Methylethyl 3-phenylpropenoate; 1Methylethyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate; 2Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, 1-methylethyl ester Definition: Ester of isopropanol and cinnamic acid Empirical: C12H14O2 Properties: Colorless visc. liq., balsamic sweet dry amber-like odor, fresh fruity flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 190.24; dens. 1.03; b.p. 268-270 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, guinea pig) 2700 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fontarome 1441

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.fontaromechemical.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isopropyl citrate CAS 1321-57-9; 39413-05-3 INS384 Synonyms: Citric acid, isopropyl ester; Monoisopropyl citrate Empirical: C9H14O7 Properties: M.w. 234.23 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, dog) 2250 mg/kg Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Sequestrant, antioxidant, antioxidant synergist, preservative in foods, poultry fats, lard, dried meat, oleomargarine, sausage, shortening; plasticizer migrating from food pkg.; antioxidant in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110, 175.300, 181.27, 184.1386, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (limitation 0.02%), 381.147 (0.01% in poultry fats); Japan approved (0.1 g/kg max.) Isopropyl cresol; 6-Isopropyl-m-cresol; Isopropyl-m-cresol. See Thymol Isopropyl-o-cresol. See Carvacrol Isopropylene glycol. See Propylene glycol Isopropyl ethanoate. See Isopropyl acetate Isopropyl formate CAS 625-55-8; EINECS/ELINCS 210-901-2 FEMA 2944 Synonyms: Formic acid isopropyl ester; Formic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester; 1-Methyl ethyl formate Empirical: C4H8O2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity ether-like odor, plum-like taste; sl. sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 88.10; dens. 0.8774; vapor pressure 100 mm (17.8 C); b.p. 67-68 C; flash pt. (CC) 22 F; ref. index 1.3678 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, guinea pig) 1400 µg/kg; poison by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Very dangerous fire hazard; can react vigorously with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Isopropylformic acid. See Isobutyric acid Isopropyl hex. See Isopropyl hexanoate Isopropyl hexanoate CAS 2311-46-8; EINECS/ELINCS 219-000-9 FEMA 2950 Synonyms: N-Caproic acid isopropyl ester; Isopropyl caproate; Isopropyl n-caproate; Isopropyl capronate; Isopropyl hex Definition: Ester of hexanoic acid and isopropyl alcohol Empirical: C9H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq., pineapple-like odor, fresh sweet berry-like taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.8570; b.p. 176 C; flash pt. 26 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com p-Isopropylhydrocinnamaldehyde. See 3-(pIsopropylphenyl) propionaldehyde Isopropyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Isopropyl phydroxybenzoate. See Isopropylparaben 1-Isopropylidene-4-methyl-2-cyclohexanone. See Pulegone (R)-2-Isopropylidene-5-methylcyclohexanone. See d-Pulegone 4-Isopropylidene-1-methylcyclohexene. See Terpinolene Isopropyl isobutyrate CAS 617-50-5; EINECS/ELINCS 210-517-5 FEMA 2937 Synonyms: Isobutyric acid isopropyl ester; Isopropyl 2-methyl propanoate; 1-Methyl ethyl 2-methyl propanoate; 2-Methyl propanoic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C7H14O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq., intense fruity etherlike odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 130.18; dens. 0.8687 (0 C); b.p. 121 C; flash pt. 18 C; ref. index 1.3880 1442

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Flamm. liq. Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Pear, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isopropyl isopentanoate; Isopropyl isovaleerianate. See Isopropyl isovalerate Isopropyl isovalerate CAS 32665-23-9; EINECS/ELINCS 251-145-3 FEMA 2961 Synonyms: Isobutyric acid isopropyl ester; Isopropyl isopentanoate; Isopropyl isovaleerianate; Isopropyl 3methylbutanoate; 2-Methyl propanoic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester; 2-Methyl propanoic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCO2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Liq., ether-like odor, sweet apple-like taste; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 144.21; b.p. 68-70 C (55 mm); flash pt. 30 C; ref. index 1.3960 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Isopropyl metacresol. See Thymol Isopropyl p-methoxystyryl ketone. See 1-(4Methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1-penten-3-one 1-Isopropyl-4-methylbenzene; 4-Isopropyl-1methylbenzene. See p-Cymene Isopropyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Isopropyl isovalerate Isopropyl 2-methyl-2-butenoate. See Isopropyl tiglate Isopropyl 2-methylbutyrate CAS 66576-71-4; EINECS/ELINCS 266-411-4 FEMA 3699 Classification: Ester Empirical: C8H16O2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity sweet grn. oily ethereal tropical odor; m.w. 144.21; sp.gr. 0.851; b.p. 140-144 C (727 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 32 C; ref. index 1.397 Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; vapor/mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; vapor may flash back; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isopropyl methyl carbinol. See 3-Methyl-2butanol Isopropyl 2-methylcrotonate; Isopropyl α-methyl crotonate; Isopropyl α-methyl crotonic acid. See Isopropyl tiglate 1-Isopropyl-4-methyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene. See γTerpinene 4-Isopropyl-1-methyl-1,5-cyclohexadiene; 5Isopropyl-2-methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene. See α-Phellandrene 1-Iso propyl-4-methyl cyclohexan-2-ol. See 1Menthol 2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol. See dNeomenthol; Menthol l-2-Isopropyl-5-methyl cyclohexan-1-ol acetate. See l-Menthyl acetate 1-Isopropyl-4-methyl-2-cyclohexanone. See Isopulegone 2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanone. See pMenthanone trans-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanone. See trans-Menthone 4-Isopropyl-1-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-ol. See pMenth-3-en-1-ol (S)-1-Isopropyl-4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-ol. See 4-Carvomenthenol 4-Isopropyl-1-methyl-1-cyclohexen-3-one; 6Isopropyl-3-methylcyclohex-2-enone. See d1443

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Piperitone Isopropyl methyl diketone. See 4-Methyl-2,3pentanedione 6-Isopropyl-9-methyl-1,4-dioxaspiro-[4,5]decane-2-methanol. See Menthone glycerin acetal 5-Isopropyl-2-methylethoxybenzene. See Carvacryl ethyl ether p-Isopropyl-α-methylhydrocinnamic aldehyde. See Cyclamen aldehyde Isopropyl methyl phenetole. See Carvacryl ethyl ether 2-Isopropyl-5-methylphenol. See Thymol 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol. See Carvacrol p-Isopropyl-α-methylphenylpropyl aldehyde. See Cyclamen aldehyde Isopropyl 2-methyl propanoate. See Isopropyl isobutyrate 2-Isopropyl-4-methyl thiazole CAS 15679-13-7; EINECS/ELINCS 239-758-4 FEMA 3555 Synonyms: Thiazole, 4-methyl-2-(1methylethyl)Empirical: C7H11NS Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; grn. vegetable odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 141.23; sp.gr. 0.997-1.003; vapor dens. 4.8; b.p. 75 C (18 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 48 C; ref. index 1.494-1.504 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 0.83 ml/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; vapor/mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; harmful by ing.; may be harmful by inh., skin absorp.; exposure may cause nausea, headache, vomiting; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf.-waters Precaution: Flamm.; wear protective gloves, dust resistant safety goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx, NOx, smoke, fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat, ignition sources, naked flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods to enhance meat or fruit flavors Regulatory: DSL, AICS listed; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isopropyl myristate CAS 110-27-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-751-4 FEMA 3556 Synonyms: IPM; Isopropyl tetradecanoate; 1Methylethyl tetradecanoate; Myristic acid isopropyl ester; Tetradecanoic acid isopropyl ester; Tetradecanoic acid, 1methylethyl ester; 1-Tridecanecarboxylic acid, isopropyl ester Classification: Synthetic fatty alcohol Definition: Ester of isopropyl alcohol and myristic acid Empirical: C17H34O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)12COOCH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily low-visc. liq., odorless; sol. in most org. solvs., acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, min. oil, veg. oil; dissolves waxes; insol. in water, glycerol; m.w. 270.44; dens. 0.850-0.860; f.p. 3 C; b.p. 192.6 C (20 mm); dec. 208 C; acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; sapon. no. 202-212; cloud pt. -3 to 5 C; ref. index 1.432-1.436 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 49,700 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; human skin irritant; causes blackheads; suspected tumorigen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages; carrier, solvent for flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 177.2800; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for topicals; NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock 1444

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.connock.co.uk; AMC Chems.; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Amerchol http://www.dow.com/ucc/amerchol/index.ht m; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Burdick & Jackson http://www.bandj.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; CoKEM Assoc. Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Evonik Goldschmidt Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lanaetex Prods.; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/ Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; NOF Am.; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Phoenix Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.phoenix-chem.com/; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/ Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz; U.S. Synthetics; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Isopropylparaben CAS 4191-73-5; EINECS/ELINCS 224-069-3 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, p-hydroxy-, isopropyl ester; 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, 1methylethyl ester; Isopropyl 4hydroxybenzoate; Isopropyl phydroxybenzoate; 1-Methylethyl-4hydroxybenzoate Definition: Ester of isopropyl alcohol and phydroxybenzoic acid Empirical: C10H12O3 Properties: M.w. 180.22 Toxicology: LD50 (subcut., mouse) 1900 mg/kg Uses: Preservative for foods Regulatory: Foods (0.012-1 g/kg as phydroxybenzoic acid); Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Isopropyl pentanoate. See Isopropyl valerate 2-Isopropylphenol. See o-Isopropylphenol 1445

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference o-Isopropylphenol CAS 88-69-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-852-8 FEMA 3461 Synonyms: o-Cumenol; 2-Hydroxycumene; 2Isopropylphenol; 2-(1-Methylethyl) phenol; OIP; OIPP; Phenol, o-isopropyl-; Phenol, 2(1-methylethyl)Classification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C9H12O Formula: (CH3)2CHC6H4OH Properties: Lt. yel. liq. or solid; medicinal, creosote odor; sol. in isopentane, toluene, ethanol, 10% NaOH, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 136.19; dens. 1.012; m.p. 15-16 C; b.p. 212-213 C; flash pt. 88 C; ref. index 1.5620 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 100 mg/kg; poison by IV route; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; corrosive Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, meats, soups, condiments, pickles, seasonings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 4-Isopropyl phenylacetaldehyde. See pIsopropylphenylacetaldehyde α-Isopropyl phenylacetaldehyde. See 3-Methyl2-phenylbutyraldehyde p-Isopropylphenylacetaldehyde CAS 4395-92-0; EINECS/ELINCS 224-522-5 FEMA 2954 Synonyms: Benzeneacetaldehyde, 4-(1methylethyl); Cuminic acetaldehyde; Cumyl acetaldehyde; p-Cymen-7-carboxaldehyde; p-Cymene-7-carboxaldehyde; Homocuminic aldehyde; 4-Isopropyl phenylacetaldehyde Empirical: C11H14O Properties: Colorless liq., char. bark odor, citrus bittersweet fruity flavor; m.w. 162.23; dens. 0.0955; b.p. 230 C; ref. index 1.5200 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4100 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Isopropyl phenylacetate CAS 4861-85-2; EINECS/ELINCS 225-468-5 FEMA 2956 Synonyms: Benzene acetic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester; Isopropyl α-toluate; 1-Methyl ethyl benzene acetate; Phenyl acetic acid isopropyl ester Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: C6H5CH2CO2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Liq., fragrant rose-like scent, honeylike flavor; m.w. 178.23; dens. 1.0096; b.p. 253 C; flash pt. 103 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isopropyl β-phenylacrylate. See Isopropyl cinnamate 1-(4-Isopropylphenyl) ethanone; (4Isopropylphenyl) ethanone. See pIsopropylacetophenone 3-(p-Isopropylphenyl) propanal. See 3-(pIsopropylphenyl) propionaldehyde Isopropyl 3-phenylpropenoate. See Isopropyl cinnamate 3-(p-Isopropylphenyl) propionaldehyde CAS 7775-00-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-885-3 FEMA 2957 Synonyms: 3-(p-Cumenyl) propionaldehyde; Cuminyl acetaldehyde; p-Cymyl propanal; p-Isopropylhydrocinnamaldehyde; 3-(pIsopropylphenyl) propanal Empirical: C12H16O Properties: Colorless visc. liq., powerful sweet green floral odor, sweet green fruity flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 176.26 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Isopropyl propanoate. See Isopropyl propionate Isopropyl propionate CAS 637-78-5; EINECS/ELINCS 211-300-8 UN 2409; FEMA 2959 1446

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Isopropyl propanoate; 1-Methyl ethyl propanoate; Propanoic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester; Propionic acid isopropyl ester Empirical: C6H12O2 Properties: Colorless cl. liq., plum-like taste; misc. with alcohol; m.w. 116.16; dens. 0.8660; b.p. 108-110 C; flash pt. 15 C; ref. index 1.3872 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Isopropyl tetradecanoate. See Isopropyl myristate Isopropyl tiglate CAS 1733-25-1; 6284-46-4; EINECS/ELINCS 217-067-9 FEMA 3229 Synonyms: 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 1isopropyl ester, (E)-; Isopropyl 2-methyl-2butenoate; Isopropyl 2-methylcrotonate; Isopropyl α-methyl crotonate; Isopropyl αmethyl crotonic acid; 2-Methyl-but-2-enoic acid isopropyl ester; 1-Methylethyl (E)-2methyl-2-butenoate; Tiglic acid isopropyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C8H14O2 Properties: Liq.; m.w. 142.20; dens. 0.896; flash pt. 123 F; ref. index 1.4310 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, puddings, salad oil, soups Features: Sweet, minty, medicinal flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Isopropyl α-toluate. See Isopropyl phenylacetate 4-Isopropyltoluene; p-Isopropyltoluene. See pCymene Isopropyl valerate CAS 18362-97-5; EINECS/ELINCS 242-235-3 Synonyms: Isopropyl pentanoate; Pentanoic acid, isopropyl ester; Pentanoic acid, 1methylethyl ester; Valeric acid, isopropyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: C4H9C(O)OCH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq. sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 144.21; sp. gr. 0.85500-0.8610; b.p. 153-154 C; flash pt. (CC) 41 C; ref. index 1.3980-1.4040 Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Isopulegol CAS 7786-67-6; EINECS/ELINCS 201-940-6 FEMA 2962 Synonyms: 2-Isopropenyl-5methylcyclohexanol; 8(9)-p-Menthen-3-ol; 8p-Menthen-3-ol; p-Menth-8-en-3-ol; 1Methyl-4-isopropenyl cyclohexan-3-ol Classification: Nonaromatic alcohol Empirical: C10H18O Formula: C1H17OH Properties: Colorless liq., mint-like odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, fixed oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 154.28; dens. 0.904-0.911; b.p. 91 C (12 mm); flash pt. 173 F; ref. index 1.471-1.474 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1030 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isopulegone CAS 29606-79-9; EINECS/ELINCS 249-725-6 1447

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FEMA 2964 Synonyms: 1-Isopropyl-4-methyl-2cyclohexanone; δ-8,9-para-menthen-3-one; p-Menth-8-en-3-one; 1-Methyl-4-isopropenyl cyclohexan-3-one; trans-5-Methyl-2-(1methyl vinyl) cyclohexan-1-one Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 152.23; dens. 0.92177; b.p. 101102 C (17 mm); ref. index 1.46787 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Isopulegyl acetate CAS 89-49-6; 57576-09-7; EINECS/ELINCS 260820-1 FEMA 2965 Synonyms: Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1methylethenyl)-, acetate, [1R-(1α,2β,5α)]-; Isopulegyl acetate, mixed isomers; pMenth-8-en-3-yl acetate; 1-Methyl-4isopropenylcyclohexan-3-yl acetate Empirical: C12H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sweet mint-like odor; m.w. 196.29; dens. 0.932-0.936; b.p. 232 C; flash pt. 87 C; ref. index 1.4572 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases, strong reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat and open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Isopulegyl acetate, mixed isomers. See Isopulegyl acetate Isoquinoline CAS 119-65-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-341-8 FEMA 2978 Synonyms: 2-Azanaphthalene; 2-Benzazine; Benzo(c)pyridine; Leucoline Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C9H7N Properties: Colorless plates or liq.; pungent odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 129.16; dens. 1.09 (20/4 C); m.p. 23-25 C; b.p. 243 C; flash pt. 102 C; ref. index 1.615 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 360 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 590 mg/kg; toxic by ing.; mod. toxic by skin contact; severe skin and eye irritant; readily absorbed through skin; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Isosafroeugenol. See Propenylguaethol Isosafrole CAS 120-58-1; EINECS/ELINCS 264-410-2 Synonyms: Benzene, 1,2-(methylenedioxy)-4propenyl; 1,2-Methylenedioxy-4propenylbenzene; 3,4-Methylenedioxy-1propenylbenzene; 5-(1-Propenyl)-1,3benzodioxole; 4-Propenylcatechol methylene ether; 4-Propenyl--1,2methylenedioxybenzene Classification: Aromatic ether Empirical: C10H10O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; anise-like odor; misc. with oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 162.19; dens. 1.12 kg/l (20 C); b.p. 253 C; flash pt. 110 C; ref. index 1.5730 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1340 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 324 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., cat) 2 g/kg, (IV, rabbit) 300 mg/kg; poison by IP and IV routes; mod. toxic by ing., subcut. routes; harmful by ing., inh., skin contact; irritating to skin, eyes, respiratory system; may cause hallucinations, toxic psychosis in humans; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes 1448

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; in sm. quantities with methyl salicylate in root beer and sarsaparilla flavors Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Chemetall Chem. Prods. http://www.chemetall.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com 2-Isothiocyanatoethylbenzene. See Phenethyl isothiocyanate 3-Isothiocyanato-1-propene; Isothiocyanic acid allyl ester. See Allyl isothiocyanate Isothiocyanic acid, phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl isothiocyanate Isothymol. See Carvacrol Isotridecyl octadecanoate. See Isotridecyl stearate Isotridecyl stearate CAS 31565-37-4; EINECS/ELINCS 250-703-3 Synonyms: Isotridecyl octadecanoate Definition: Ester of isotridecyl alcohol and stearic acid Empirical: C31H62O2 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Dasico A/S http://www.dasico.dk; Expocell AB http://www.expocell.se/; Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp; Walther AG http://www.gwzag.ch Trade Names: Hedipin-ITS Isourea. See Urea Isovaleral. See Isovaleraldehyde Isovaleraldehyde CAS 590-86-3; EINECS/ELINCS 209-691-5 UN 2058; FEMA 2692 Synonyms: 1-Butanal, 3-methyl-; Isoamyl aldehyde; Isopentaldehyde; Isovaleral; Isovaleric aldehyde; 2-Methylbutanal-4; 3Methylbutanal; 3-Methylbutyraldehyde Empirical: C5H10O Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2CHO Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Colorless liq., pungent apple-like odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; sparingly sol. in water; m.w. 86.14; dens. 0.797 (20/4 C); m.p. -51 C; b.p. 91-93 C; flash pt. -5 C; ref. index 1.388 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5600 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3180 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse) 50,770 mg/m3; mod. toxic by skin contact; mildly toxic by ing., subcut., inh. routes; irritating to eyes, respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Peach-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Hercules http://www.herc.com; I. P. Callison http://www.ipcallison.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; United Pharma Ltd http://www.upltd.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isovalerianic acid. See Isovaleric acid 1449

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Isovaleric acid CAS 503-74-2; EINECS/ELINCS 207-975-3 UN 1760; FEMA 3102 Synonyms: Delphinic acid; Isobutyl formic acid; Isopentanoic acid; Isopropylacetic acid; Isovalerianic acid; 3-Methylbutanoic acid; 3-Methylbutyric acid; β-Methylbutyric acid Empirical: C5H10O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2COOH Properties: Colorless liq. or oil, disagreeable rancid cheese odor, acid taste; sol. in oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; sol. in water @ 16 C; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether; m.w. 102.15; dens. 0.931 (20/4 C); solid. pt. -37 C; m.p. -34.5 C; b.p. 175-177 C; flash pt. (TCC) 70.55 C; ref. index 1.403 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2000 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 1120 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 310 mg/kg; poison by skin contact; mod. toxic by ing., IV routes; corrosive skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; corrosive material Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Intense flavor reminiscent of decomposing cheese Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 573.914; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Isovaleric acid allyl ester. See Allyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid ammonium salt. See Ammonium isovalerate Isovaleric acid, benzyl ester. See Benzyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid, 2-bornyl ester. See Bornyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid butyl ester. See n-Butyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid, cinnamyl ester. See Cinnamyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid, (4,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl) ester. See Linalyl isovalerate (E)-Isovaleric acid-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl ester. See Geranyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl isovalerate (Z)-Isovaleric acid-3-hexenyl. See cis-3-Hexenyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid, isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid, isopentyl ester. See Isoamyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid para-menth-1-en-8-yl ester. See Terpinyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid p-menth-3-yl ester. See Menthyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid, methyl ester. See Methyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid octyl ester. See Octyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid pentyl ester. See Amyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid propyl ester. See Propyl isovalerate Isovaleric acid p-tolyl ester. See p-Cresyl isovalerate Isovaleric aldehyde. See Isovaleraldehyde Isovalerone. See Diisobutyl ketone Isovitamin C. See Erythorbic acid 1450

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Itaconic acid CAS 97-65-4; EINECS/ELINCS 202-599-6 Synonyms: Methylenesuccinic acid; Propylenedicarboxylic acid Empirical: C5H6O4 Formula: HOOCCH2C(:CH2)COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., char. odor; sol. (1 g/ml): 12 ml water, 5 ml alcohol; very sl. sol. in benzene, chloroform, ether, CS2, petroleum ether; m.w. 130.10; dens. 1.63; m.p. 165-167 C (dec.) Storage: Hygroscopic; keep well closed Uses: Natural acidulant in foods (Japan); mfg. of paper/paperboard contacting food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 177.1200, 181.30; Japan approved (itaconic acid); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Eastwest United Group http://www.ewunitedgroup.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Mays http://www.mayschem.com/; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; United Min. & Chem. http://www.umccorp.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Ivy absolute. See Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil Jackbean urease. See Urease Jaguar gum. See Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Japan agar. See Agar Japan camphor. See Camphor Japanese camphor oil. See Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil Japanese tea extract. See Tea (Thea sinensis) extract Japan isinglass. See Agar Japan red 1. See Ponceau 3R

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Japan (Rhus succedanea) wax CAS 8001-39-6; 103798-70-5; EINECS/ELINCS 310-125-5 Synonyms: Japan tallow; Japan wax; Rhus succedanea; Rhus succedanea cera; Rhus succedanea wax; Sumac wax Definition: Fat expressed from the mesocarp of the fruit of Rhus succedanea, contg. 10-15% palmitin, stearin, olein, 1% japanic acid Properties: Pale yel. solid, greasy feel; tallowlike rancid odor and taste; sol. in benzene, naphtha, CS2, ether, hot alcohol, alkalis; insol. in water, cold alcohol; dens. 0.97-0.98; m.p. 53.5-55 C; acid no. 22-23; iodine no. 10-15; sapon. no. 217-237 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Diluent in food colorants; texturizer for foods; migrating to foods from cotton in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 175.105, 175.350, 176.170, 182.70, 186.1555, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Kobo Prods. http://www.koboproductsinc.com/; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Kowa Am. http://www.kowa.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com Japan tallow; Japan wax. See Japan (Rhus succedanea) wax Jasmalone. See 2-Hexylidene cyclopentanone Jasmin acetate. See 1,3-Nonanediol acetate, mixed esters Jasminaldehyde. See α-Amylcinnamaldehyde Jasmine absolute. See Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil Jasmine aldehyde. See α-Amylcinnamaldehyde Jasmine extract; Jasmine flower extract. See Jasmine (Jasminum officinale) extract Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil CAS 8022-96-6; 8024-43-9; EINECS/ELINCS 283-993-5 FEMA 2598; 2600 Synonyms: Jasmine absolute; Jasmine oil; Jasminum grandiflorum; Jasminum 1451

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference grandiflorum oil; Sambac absolute Definition: Oil derived from Jasminum grandiflorum Properties: Orange to brn. liq.; char. jasmin, floral, sweet odor; sol. in alcohol, mineral oil; insol. in water; propylene glycol; sp.gr. 0.9460.970; flash pt. 91 C; ref. index 1.480-1.494 Environmental: prevent contamination of soil, ground, surface water Precaution: Wear safety glasses, chemically resistant gloves Storage: Store in tightly closed original container in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; keep away from ignition sources, naked flames Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, jellies, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Jasmine (Jasminum officinale) extract CAS 90045-94-6; EINECS/ELINCS 289-960-1 Synonyms: Jasmine extract; Jasmine flower extract; Jasminum officinale; Jasminum officinale extract; White jasmine extract Definition: Extract of the leaves and flowers of Jasminum officinale Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Jasmine oil; Jasminum grandiflorum; Jasminum grandiflorum oil. See Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Jasminum officinale; Jasminum officinale extract. See Jasmine (Jasminum officinale) extract Jasmone. See cis-Jasmone cis-Jasmone CAS 488-10-8; EINECS/ELINCS 207-668-4 FEMA 3196 Synonyms: 2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 3-methyl-2(2-pentenyl)-, (Z)-; Jasmone; (Z)-Jasmone; 3-Methyl-2-pent-2-enylcyclopent-2-enone; 3Methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one; 3-Methyl-2-(cis-2-penten-1-yl)-2cyclopenten-1-one Classification: Aliphatic ketone Empirical: C11H16O Properties: Coloreless to pale yel. liq.; jasmine odor; m.w. 164.25; dens. 0.940; b.p. 134-135 C (12 mm), 78-79 C (1.6 kPa); flash pt. 225 F; ref. index 1.4980; tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Use Level: < 3% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-2394); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp (Z)-Jasmone. See cis-Jasmone Jasmoneige. See Methyl jasmonate; cis-Methyl jasmonate Jasmonyl. See 1,3-Nonanediol acetate, mixed esters Jatrorhiza palmata; Jatrorhiza palmata root. See Calumba (Jatrorrhiza palmata) root Jatrorrhiza palmata; Jatrorrhiza palmata root extract. See Calumba (Jatrorrhiza palmata) root extract 1452

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Java jute extract. See Hibiscus sabdariffa extract Java pepper. See Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil Jerusalem artichoke flour Definition: Flour from the tuber of Helianthus tuberosus Uses: Bulking agent, nutrient in foods, beverages, health food tablets or capsules Manuf./Distrib.: Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com Jesuit's balsam. See Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) oil; Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) Jojoba (Buxus chinensis) oil CAS 61789-91-1 Synonyms: Buxus chinensis; Jojoba liquid wax; Jojoba oil; Oils, jojoba; Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil Classification: wax ester Definition: Oil from the seeds of the Jojoba desert shrub (Buxus chinensis) Properties: Colorless waxy liq., odorless; dens. 0.86 kg/l; m.p. b.p. 400 C; cloud pt. 4-9 C Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat, 4 wk continuous) 151 g/kg; low toxicity by ing.; may cause allergic reaction; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Food ingred. Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com; Desert King http://www.desertking.com; Floratech Am. http://www.floratech.com; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineyHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

chemicals.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Jojoba liquid wax; Jojoba oil. See Jojoba (Buxus chinensis) oil Jojoba wax CAS 66625-78-3 Synonyms: Esterase, jojoba wax Definition: Semisolid fraction of jojoba oil Uses: Natural chewing gum base Regulatory: Japan approved Juglans regia. See Walnut (Juglans regia) leaf extract; Walnut (Juglans regia) extract; Walnut (Juglans regia) oil Juglans regia extract. See Walnut (Juglans regia) extract Juglans regia leaf extract. See Walnut (Juglans regia) leaf extract Juglans regia oil. See Walnut (Juglans regia) oil Juniper berry essential oil. See Juniperus communis oil Juniper berry extract. See Juniperus communis extract Juniper berry oil. See Juniperus communis oil Juniper extract. See Juniperus communis extract Juniper oil. See Juniperus communis oil Juniper tar; Juniper tar oil. See Cade oil Juniperus communis. See Juniperus communis extract; Juniperus communis oil Juniperus communis extract CAS 84603-69-0; EINECS/ELINCS 283-268-3 FEMA 2603 Synonyms: Juniper berry extract; Juniper extract; Juniperus communis Definition: Extract of ripe fruits of Juniperus communis Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 100 mg/kg; poison by IP route; experimental reproductive effector Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem 1453

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.alfachem1.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Juniperus communis oil CAS 8002-68-4; 8012-91-7; 73049-62-4 FEMA 2604 Synonyms: Juniper berry essential oil; Juniper berry oil; Juniper oil; Juniperus communis Definition: Volatile oil obtained from the berries of Juniperus communis, contg. pinene, cadinene, camphene, terpineol, juniper camphor Properties: Colorless to pale grnsh.-yel. liq., aromatic bitter taste; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, ethanol; pract. insol. in water; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; dens. 0.854-0.879 (25/25 C); vapor dens. 4.2; vapor pressure 3.5 mm Hg; flash pt. 105 F; ref. index 1.4780-1.4840 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6280 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; human skin and systemic irritant; allergen; taken internally may cause severe kidney irritation; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, liqueurs, gin Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Juniperus oxycedrus; Juniperus oxycedrus oil; Juniperus oxycedrus tar (INCI). See Cade oil Kadaya gum. See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum Kadeoel. See Cade oil Kafar copper. See Copper Kalinite. See Potassium alum dodecahydrate Kaolin CAS 1332-58-7; EINECS/ELINCS 296-473-8; 310-127-6 E559 Synonyms: Aluminum silicate dihydrate; Aluminum silicate hydrated; Aluminum silicate hydrous; Aluminum silicate hydroxide; Bentone; Bolus alba; China clay; CI 77004; Hydrated aluminum silicate; Pigment white 19; Porcelain clay Definition: Native hydrated aluminum silicate Formula: ≈ Al2O3 • 2SiO2 • 2H2O Properties: Wh. to yel. or grayish fine powd., clay-like odor when moist, earthy taste; insol. in water, dilute acids, alkali hydroxides; dens. 1.8-2.6; m.p. 0 C; high lubricity Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 mg/m3 (respirable fraction); TDLo (oral, female rat, 37 days prior to copulation) 590 g/kg; harmful by inh., ing., skin contact; nuisance dust; large doses may cause obstructions, perforations, or granuloma (tumor formation) Precaution: Noncombustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, irritating and toxic fumes and gases Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep containers closed when not in use Uses: Anticaking agent, clarifier for wine; mfg. aid for food pkg. paper; processing aid in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.170, 178.3297, 178.3550, 182.2727, 182.2729, 186.1256, GRAS as indirect additive; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; Japan restricted (0.5% max. 1454

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference residual); Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Burgess Pigment http://www.burgesspigment.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charles B. Chrystal http://www.cbchrystal.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; IMERYS http://www.imerys.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kaopolite Landers-Segal Color http://www.pigments.com/; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Riedel-deHaën http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Fluka ___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Riedel. html Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Southeastern Clay http://www.southeasternclay.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Süd-Chemie Inc http://www.sudchemieinc.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Thiele Kaolin http://www.thielekaolin.com/; U.S. Silica http://www.u-s-silica.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Zemex Ind. Mins. http://www.z-i-m.com Trade Names: Clay BC 347; Clay BC 638; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Colloidal Kaolin BC 2457; Colloidal Kaolin BC 2747; Colloidal Kaolin BC 2749 Trade Names Containing: Colloidal Kaolin BC 825 Kaparlem. See Cade oil Karaya; Karaya gum. See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum CAS 9000-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-539-4 FEMA 2605; INS416 Synonyms: Gum karaya; Gum sterculia; Indian tragacanth; India tragacanth; Kadaya gum; Karaya; Karaya gum; Sterculia gum; Sterculia urens; Sterculia urens gum Definition: Dried exudate from the tree, Sterculia urens Properties: Wh. fine powd., sl. acetic acid odor; insol. in alcohol; swells in water to a gel; produces highly stable emulsions, resist. to acids Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 9100 mg/kg; very mildly toxic by ing.; mild allergen causing hay fever, dermatitis, gastrointestinal diseases, and asthma; may cause intolerance; laxative effect, may reduce nutrient intake; TSCA listed Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, emulsifier, formulation aid in foods, baked goods, soft candy, frozen dairy desserts, milk prods., toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.133, 133.134, 133.162, 133.178, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 184.1349, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AEP Colloids http://www.aepcolloids.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Adept Sol'ns.; Agrisales Ltd http://www.agriproducts.com Alland & Robert http://www.allandetrobert.fr; Arthur Branwell http://www.branwell.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Bronson & Jacobs Pty. Ltd http://www.bronsonandjacobs.com.au CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Colloides Naturels; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Functional Foods 1455

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.functionalfoods.com; Gumix Int'l. Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC; Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 1; Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 1 Special Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 2; Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 2 HV; Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 3 Kasal. See Sodium aluminum phosphate basic Katchung oil. See Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil Katemfe. See Thaumatin Kaur-16-en-18-oic acid, 13-((2-O-β-Dglucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl) oxy)-, βD-glucopyranosyl ester. See Stevioside Kaurie. See Copal resin Kautschin. See d-Limonene Kelp CAS 977001-75-4 FEMA 2606 Synonyms: Macrocystis pyriferae Definition: Dehydrated seaweed from the giant Pacific kelp, Macrocystis pyriferae Properties: Dk. grn. to olive-brn. color, salty char. taste Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent, dietary supplement, iodine source in foods; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

chewing gum base ingred. Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.365, 184.1120, 184.1121; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Kelp extract. See Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) extract Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) extract Synonyms: Kelp extract; Macrocystis pyrifera; Macrocystis pyriferae extract Definition: Extract of kelp from Macrocystis pyriferae or other species Uses: Natural thickener, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Kentonarome. See 3-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-2-ol1-one; Methyl cyclopentenolone Keratin, hydrolyzed; Keratins, hydrolysates. See Hydrolyzed keratin Kerosene, deodorized; Kerosene, odorless. See Deodorized kerosene Kerosene (petroleum), hydrotreated. See Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated light Ketocyclopentane. See Cyclopentanone α-Ketoglutaric acid CAS 328-50-7; EINECS/ELINCS 206-330-3 Synonyms: 2-Oxoglutaric acid; α-Oxoglutaric acid; 2-Oxopentanedioic acid Empirical: C5H6O5 Formula: HOOCCH2CH2COCOOH Properties: Sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 146.10; m.p. 113.5 C Toxicology: Irritant Storage: Store cold (2-8 C) Uses: Natural acidulant in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com 1456

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 3-Keto-L-gulofuranolactone. See L-Ascorbic acid Ketohexamethylene. See Cyclohexanone Ketole. See Indole Ketone alcohol. See 3-Octanon-1-ol Ketone alcohol ester. See 3-Nonanon-1-yl acetate Ketone C-7. See Methyl n-amyl ketone Ketone, dimethyl. See Acetone Ketone, ethyl phenyl. See Propiophenone Ketone, ethyl vinyl. See Ethyl vinyl ketone Ketone, 2-furyl methyl. See 2-Acetylfuran Ketone, α-hydroxybenzyl phenyl. See Benzoin Ketone methyl phenyl. See Acetophenone Ketone propane. See Acetone Ketopentamethylene. See Cyclopentanone 4-Ketopentanoic acid. See Levulinic acid 4-Ketopentanoic acid butyl ester. See Butyl levulinate β-Ketopropane. See Acetone 1-Ketopropionaldehyde; 2Ketopropionaldehyde; αKetopropionaldehyde. See Pyruvaldehyde 2-Ketopropionic acid; α-Ketopropionic acid. See Pyruvic acid α-Ketopropionic acid sodium salt. See Sodium pyruvate 1-3-Ketothreohexuronic acid lactone. See LAscorbic acid 2-Keto-1,7,7-trimethylnorcamphane. See Camphor 4-Ketovaleric acid; γ-Ketovaleric acid. See Levulinic acid Kieselguhr. See Diatomaceous earth, amorphous; Diatomaceous earth Kipper brown. See Brown FK KMS. See Potassium metabisulfite Knee pine oil. See Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil Kola (Cola acuminata) extract CAS 68916-19-8; 89997-82-0; EINECS/ELINCS 289-720-6 FEMA 2607 Synonyms: Caffeine nut extract; Cola acuminata; Cola acuminata nut extract; Cola nut extract; Kola extract; Kola nut extract Definition: Extract of the nuts of the kola, Cola acuminata Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Kola extract; Kola nut extract. See Kola (Cola acuminata) extract Konjac. See Konjac flour Konjac flour CAS 37220-17-0 INS425; E425 Synonyms: Konjac; Konjac glucomannan; Konjac gum; Konnyaku Classification: Hydrocolloidal polysaccharide Properties: Wh. or cream to light tan powd.; Bland flavor; disp. in cold water; the main component, glucomannan, has an average molecular weight of 200,000 to 2,000,000; dispersible in hot or cold water forming a highly viscous sol'n. with a pH between 4.0 -7.0 Uses: Thickener, fat replacement, stabilizer, texturizer in foods; thickener for meat and fabricated foods (surimi, vegetarian patty) Features: Rich in sol. dietary fiber Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Opta Food Ingreds. http://www.opta-food.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Trade Names: Coyote Brand Konjac A Trade Names Containing: Coyote Stabilizer CKLX-MS; Coyote Stabilizer KT-MS; Gelcarin® PS 3439; Gelcarin® SQ 3290; Gelcarin® XP 3337 Gelcarin® XP 3435; Gelcarin® XP 3447; Nutricol® ME 7421; Nutricol® ME 9420; Nutricol® XP 3413 SeaGel® XP 3428 Konjac glucomannan; Konjac gum; Konnyaku. See Konjac flour Kordofan gum. See Acacia Kosol. See Amylopectin Krameria argentea extract; Krameria extract; Krameria triandra extract. See Rhatany extract 1457

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Kryptoxanthin CAS 472-70-8 INS161c Synonyms: Caricaxanthin; (3R)β, β-Caroten-3ol; (R)-all-trans-β-Caroten-3-ol; Cryptoxanthin; Hydroxy-β-carotene Classification: Carotenoid pigment Empirical: C40H56O Properties: Red, crystalline solid; freely sol. in chloroform, benzene, pyridine, and carbon disulfide; m.w. 552.91; m.p. 169 C Storage: Store away from lt. @ -20 C Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: Not permitted in food (EU) Manuf./Distrib.: ChromaDex http://www.chromadex.com/ KTB. See Potassium t-butylate KTPP. See Potassium tripolyphosphate Kukui (Aleurites moluccana) nut oil CAS 8015-80-3; EINECS/ELINCS 273-313-5 Synonyms: Aleurites moluccana; Aleurites moluccana oil; Candlenut oil; Kukui nut oil Definition: Oil expressed from the nuts of the kukui tree, Aleurites moluccana Properties: Lt. yel. oil; sp.gr. 0.926; m.p. -12 C; solid. pt. -22 C; flash pt. > 70 C; acid no. 0.55; iodine no. 184; sapon. no. 192-193; ref. index 1.467-1.474 Environmental: prevent surface contamination of soil, ground and surface water Precaution: Use safety glasses if splashing risk exists Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: smoke, acrid fumes, CO, CO2, org. compds. Storage: Store in tightly closed original container in cool, dry, ventilated area away from heat sources; protect from light Uses: Food ingred. Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/ Kukui nut oil. See Kukui (Aleurites moluccana) nut oil Kurrol's salt. See Sodium metaphosphate Labarrque's sol'n. See Sodium hypochlorite Labdanum. See Labdanum (Cistus labdaniferus)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Labdanum (Cistus labdaniferus) CAS 8016-26-0; 84775-64-4; EINECS/ELINCS 283-893-1 FEMA 2609 Synonyms: Cistus absolute; Cistus absolute decol; Cistus essential oil; Cistus labdaniferus; Labdanum; Labdanum oil; Labdanum resinoid Definition: Resinous exudation of Cistus labdaniferus; mainly acetophenone, 1,5,5trimethyl-6-cyclohexanone, and ladaniol Properties: Yel. visc. liq.; strong balsamic odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; dens. 0.905-0.993; flash pt. 187 F; ref. index 1.492-1.507 (20 C); substantivity 400 hrs. on smelling strip Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8980 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Labdanum oil. See Labdanum (Cistus labdaniferus) Labdanum oleoresin. See Oleoresin labdanum Labdanum resinoid. See Labdanum (Cistus labdaniferus) Lac; Lacca. See Shellac Lacceryl alcohol. See 1-Dotriacontanol Lacmus. See Orchil Lacolin. See Sodium lactate Lac resin. See Shellac Lac resin wax. See Shellac wax Lactase. See β-Galactosidase Lactated pepsin. See Pepsin Lactem. See Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Lactic acid CAS 50-21-5; 598-82-3 (DL); 79-33-4 (L); 1032641-7 (D); EINECS/ELINCS 200-018-0; 2091458

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 954-4 (DL); 201-296-2 (L); 233-713-2 (D) UN 1760; FEMA 2611; INS270; E270 Synonyms: Acetonic acid; Ethylidenelactic acid; 1-Hydroxyethanecarboxylic acid; 1Hydroxyethane 1-carboxylic acid; 2Hydroxypropanoic acid; 2Hydroxypropionic acid; αHydroxypropionic acid; Milk acid; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-; Propionic acid, 2-hydroxyClassification: Organic acid Definition: Prod. of the metabolism of glucose and glycogen Empirical: C3H6O3 Formula: CH3CHOHCOOH Properties: Colorless to ylsh. cryst. or syrupy liq., nearly odorless; misc. with water, alcohol, glycerol, furfural; insol. in chloroform; m.w. 90.09; dens. 1.249; m.p. 18 C; b.p. 122 C (15 mm); flash pt. 110 C; ref. index 1.4251; anionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 4500 mg/kg; LDLo (rectal, rabbit) 1200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., rectal routes; corrosive; severe skin and eye irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 0.53 Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; mixts. with nitric acid + hydrofluoric acid may react vigorously Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Acidulant, pH control agent, antimicrobial, preservative, curing agent, pickling agent, flavoring agent, adjuvant, flavor enhancer, solvent, vehicle for foods, cheese, confectionery, cultured dairy prods., olives, poultry, wine; raising agent; acidulant in beverages Use Level: Up to 10% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.123, 133.124, 133.129, 133.169, 133.173, 133.178, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 172.814, 178.1010, 184.1061, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; BATF 27CFR §240.1051, GRAS; not for use in infant foods; Canada DSL; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for injectables, parenterals, orals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.connock.co.uk; AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMC Chems. AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com Am. Biorganics; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Balchem http://www.balchem.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Cambridge Research Biochems. http://www.crb.gb.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Friesland Foods Domo http://www.domo.nl/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; ICC Ind. 1459

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.iccchem.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Janssen-Cilag http://www.janssen-cilag.nl/; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com; PURAC biochem http://www.purac.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.a sp; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wako Chem. USA http://www.wakousa.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Wilke Int'l. http://www.wilkeinternational.com Trade Names: Galacid Excel 50; Galacid Excel 80; Galacid Excel 88; Galacid Feed 80 - XT; Galacid Food 80

Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80; Galacid Heat-Stable 88 Galacid Heat-Stable 90; MicroGARD® MG 100; Purac® FCC 50; Purac® FCC 80; Purac® FCC 88 Purac® HS 50; Purac® PF 90; Purac® PH 90; Purac Sanilac® Trade Names Containing: 2X White Sour; BFP White Sour; Galacid Powder 25; Golden Gate Sour; Natural Flavor White Sour Purac® BF S/30; Purac® CL 21 HiPure; Purac® CL 21/80; Purac® LM 25 HiPure; Purac® Powder H 60 Ry-So; Sour Dough Base; Tandem® 11H K; White Sour Lactic acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium lactate Lactic acid, bimol. ester, stearate, sodium salt. See Sodium stearoyl lactylate Lactic acid butyl ester. See Butyl lactate; Butyl(S)-lactate Lactic acid, butyl ester, butyrate. See Butyl butyryl lactate Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids INS472b; E472b Synonyms: Glyceryl-lacto esters of fatty acids; Lactem; Lactoglycerides; Mono- and diglycerides, lactic acid esters Definition: Esters of glycerol with lactic acid and fatty acids Properties: Lt. yel. to amber oily to waxy material; sol. in edible oils and fats; disp. in hot water; insol. in cold water; HLB 3-4; Nonionic; HLB 3.0-4.0 Uses: Stabilizer, emulsifier, sequestrant, plasticizer, aerating agent, foam stabilizer, texturizer in foods, topping powds., nondairy creams, dairy creams, baked goods, shortening, chocolate compds. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.852; Europe listed; UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Trade Names: Admul GLP 2033; Grindsted™ LACTEM; Grindsted™ LACTEM P-22 Kosher; Imwitor® 515 S; Imwitor® 520 S Lamegin® GLP Range Trade Names Containing: DP 40; Imwitor® 380 Lactic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl lactate; Ethyl(S)-lactate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Lactic acid iron (2+) salt (2:1). See Ferrous lactate Lactic acid, magnesium salt. See Magnesium lactate Lactic acid menthyl ester. See Menthyl lactate Lactic acid, monopotassium salt. See Potassium lactate Lactic acid, monosodium salt; Lactic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium lactate L-Lactic acid sodium salt. See Sodium L-lactate Lactin. See Lactose Lactis proteinum. See Whey protein; Milk protein Lactitol CAS 585-86-4; EINECS/ELINCS 209-566-6 INS966; E966 Synonyms: 4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-Dglucitol Classification: Dimeric polyol Definition: Disaccharide polyol obtained by controlled hydrogenation of lactose Empirical: C12H24O11 Properties: Wh. cryst.; odorless; mild sweet taste, no aftertaste; m.w. 344.32 Uses: Bulking agent, texturizer, sweetener in foods, esp. low-calorie, low-fat, or sugarfree foods Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Trade Names: Finlac™ DC; Lactitol AC Lactitol monohydrate CAS 81025-04-9; EINECS/ELINCS 209-566-5 Synonyms: 4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-Dglucitol Classification: Disaccharide sugar alcohol Empirical: C12H24O11 • H2O Properties: M.w. 362.37; m.p. 95-98 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 30 g/kg, (oral, mouse) 23 g/kg; large doses may cause diarrhea Uses: Nutritive sweetener for foods Regulatory: USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; PURAC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Am. http://www.purac.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Lactitol MC; Lacty® M Lactobiose. See Lactose Lactoflavin. See Riboflavin Lactoglycerides. See Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Lactol spirits. See Naphtha, light aliphatic Lactose CAS 63-42-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-559-2 Synonyms: 4-O-β-Galactopyranosyl Dglucose; Lactin; Lactobiose; d-Lactose; Lactosum; Milk sugar; Saccharum lactin; Saccharum lactis Classification: Disaccharide Definition: Commercial prod. is the monohydrate Empirical: C12H22O11 Formula: C6H7O(OH)4OC6H7O(OH)4 Properties: Wh. hard cryst. mass or wh. powd., odorless to sl. char. odor but readily absorbs odors, mildly sweet taste, odorless; sol. in water, alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 342.34; dens. 1.525 (20 C); m.p. 203.5 C (dec.); b.p. (dec.); loses water of cryst. @ 120 C; stable in air Toxicology: LDLo (IV, dog) 1500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; found to cause tumors when injected under skin of mice; derivs. can be irritating to the colon; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Mixts. with oxidizers may be explosion hazards Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Dietary supplement, nutritive sweetener, formulation aid, processing aid, humectant, texturizer in foods, infant foods, baking, confectionery, margarine, and butter; animal feed ingred. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §131.112, 131.170, 131.200, 131.203, 131.206, 133.124, 133.178, 133.179, 168.122, 169.179, 169.182, GRAS; FDA approved for orals, buccals, inhalants, rectals, topicals, vaginals, transdermals; Canada DSL; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem 1461

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Cambridge Research Biochems. http://www.crb.gb.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar http://www.cargill.com/; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemetall Chem. Prods. http://www.chemetall.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com; DMV Int'l. http://www.dmvinternational.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fonterra NZ Ingreds. http://www.fonterra.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk Freund Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.freund.co.jp; Friesland Foods Domo http://www.domo.nl/; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; JanssenCilag http://www.janssen-cilag.nl/; Kerry Bio-Science/Sheffield Prods. http://www.sheffield-products.com; http://www.kerrygroup.com Land O'Lakes http://www.international.landolakes.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Meggle GmbH http://www.meggle.de; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Simonis BV http://www.simonis-bv.nl; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Sheffield Brand Anhydrous Lactose NF Trade Names Containing: DP 644; Dry Vitamin D3 Type 100 SD; Essiccum®; Essiccum® K; Lecion LP-1 Natamax®; Sweet'n'Neat® Tack Blend X α Lactose. See Lactose monohydrate d-Lactose. See Lactose Lactose monohydrate CAS 10039-26-6; 64044-51-5 Synonyms: α Lactose; Milk sugar Definition: A natural disaccharide consisting of one glucose and one galactose moiety (obtained from milk) Empirical: C12H22O11 • H2O Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd.; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 360.31 Toxicology: May cause eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation, GI discomfort Precaution: Avoid breathing dust NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ ambient temps., in a dry place away from direct sunlight, heat and incompatible materials Uses: Nutrient, multifunctional ingred. in infant formulas, geriatric, dietetic, and health foods Regulatory: FDA approved for parenterals, orals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP Manuf./Distrib.: Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Kerry Bio1462

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Science/Sheffield Prods. http://www.sheffield-products.com; http://www.kerrygroup.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Sheffield Brand Lactose Monohydrate NF Lacto-serum. See Whey Lactosum. See Lactose Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propane-1,2-diol. See Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol CAS 977050-66-0 FEMA 4153; INS478 Synonyms: Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propane-1,2-diol Properties: Soft to hard waxy solid; disp. in hot water; mod. sol. in hot IPA, benzene, chloroform, soybean oil Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, plasticizer, stabilizer, surfactant, whipping agent in foods, cake mixes, icings, toppings, coffee whiteners Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.850; Europe listed; UK approved Lactylic esters of fatty acids CAS 977050-67-1 Properties: Hard waxy solid to liq.; disp. in hot water; sol. in org. solvs., vegetable oil Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, plasticizer, surfactant in foods, baked goods, frozen desserts, dehydrated fruits and fruit juices, coffee whiteners, pudding mixes, liq. shortening, dehydrated vegetables and vegetable juices Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.848, 172.860b, 172.862 Lactylic stearate Definition: Salt of stearic acid from tallow Uses: Emulsifier, plasticizer, dough Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

conditioner, and surfactant in foods, baked goods, bakery mixes, cake icings/fillings/toppings, dehydrated fruits and vegetables, frozen desserts, pudding mixes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.848 Trade Names Containing: MG-S; Myvatex® 4006S Laevosan. See Fructose Laevulic acid; Laevulinic acid. See Levulinic acid Laevulose. See Fructose Laminarase. See Glucanase Lamp black. See Carbon black Landalgine. See Alginic acid Land plaster. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Lanolin CAS 8006-54-0 (anhyd.); 8020-84-6 (hyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 232-348-6 INS913 Synonyms: Adeps lanae; Anhydrous lanolin; Degras; Wool fat; Wool grease; Wool wax Definition: Deriv. of unctuous fatty sebaceous secretion of sheep, Ovis aries, consisting of complex mixt. of esters of high m.w. aliphatic, steroid, or triterpenoid alcohol and fatty acids Properties: Yel.-wh. semisolid to paste; sl. odor; sol. in chloroform, ether; insol. in water; m.p. 38-42 C; iodine no. 18-36; flash pt. > 230 F; Nonionic Toxicology: Can cause allergic reactions, contact dermatitis; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Plasticizer in chewing gum; glazing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2600, 178.3910; Japan approved; FDA approved for ophthalmics, topicals; anhyd.: USP/NF, BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Amerchol http://www.dow.com/ucc/amerchol/index.ht m Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Ashland 1463

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemetall Chem. Prods. http://www.chemetall.com; CoKEM Assoc. Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lanaetex Prods.; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/ RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/ Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Larch gum; Larch turpentine. See Arabinogalactan Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lard CAS 61789-99-9; EINECS/ELINCS 263-100-5 Synonyms: Adeps suillus; Bleached lard; Fat, lard; Unhydrogenated lard Definition: Purified fat from abdomen of the hog Properties: Whitish fat, faint odor, bland taste; sol. in ether, chloroform, oxygenated, chlorinated, and aromatic solvs.; insol. in water; dens. 0.9170; m.p. 36-42 C; iodine no. 48-65; sapon. no. 195-202 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in tightly closed containers below 4C Uses: Coating agent, emulsifier, formulation aid, texturizer in foods; chewing gum base; migrating to foods from cotton in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.70, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com Lard glyceride CAS 61789-10-4; EINECS/ELINCS 263-032-6 Synonyms: Glycerides, lard mono-; Lard monoglyceride Definition: Monoglyceride derived from lard Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier for foods Trade Names: Dimodan® S Lard glycerides CAS 68953-43-5; 91744-46-6; EINECS/ELINCS 294-609-0 Synonyms: Animal oil, monoglycerides, diglycerides; Glycerides, lard, mono-, diand tri-; Lard mono-, di- and tri-glycerides Definition: Mixture of mono-, di-, and triglycerides derived from lard Properties: Wh. soft unctuous mass; insol. in water; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 90 ml/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier for foods Lard mono-, di- and tri-glycerides. See Lard glycerides Lard monoglyceride. See Lard glyceride Larixic acid; Larixinic acid. See Maltol 1464

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Laughing gas. See Nitrous oxide Lauraldehyde. See Lauric aldehyde Lauralkonium chloride CAS 139-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 205-351-5 Synonyms: Benzododecinium chloride; Benzyldimethyldodecylammonium chloride; N,N-Dimethyl-Ndodecylbenzenemethanaminium chloride; Dimethyl dodecyl benzyl ammonium chloride; Dimethyl lauryl benzyl ammonium chloride; Dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; Lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride Classification: Quaternary ammonium salt Empirical: C21H38N • Cl Properties: Solid; m.w. 339.99; m.p. 31-32 C; cationic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 400 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 100 mg/kg; poison by ing. and IP routes; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, NH3, and Cl– Uses: Antimicrobial in cane-sugar mills Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.165 (limitation 0.25-1.0 ppm), 173.320 (0.05 ± 0.005 ppm), 175.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Mason http://www.maquat.com/ Lauramide DEA CAS 120-40-1; 52725-64-1; 61971-31-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-393-1 Synonyms: N,N-Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) dodecanamide; Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) lauramide; N,N-Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) lauramide; N,N-Bis (β-hydroxyethyl) lauramide; Diethanolamine lauric acid amide; N,N-Diethanol lauramide; N,NDiethanol lauric acid amide; Lauric acid diethanolamide; Lauric acid polydiethanolamide (2:1); Lauric acid superamide (1:1); Lauric diethanolamide; Lauroyl diethanolamide; Lauryl diethanolamide Definition: Mixture of ethanolamides of lauric acid Empirical: C16H33NO3 Formula: CH3(CH2)10CON(CH2CH2OH)2 Properties: M.w. 287.50; 1:1 type: wh. cryst. solid; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2700 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; may produce contact Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sensitivity; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Washing/lye peeling of fruits/vegetables; surfactant, adjuvant for pesticide use dilutions on growing crops Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 173.315, 175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3130; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Chemron http://www.chemron.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com; Diamond Chem. http://www.diamondchem.com/ JLK Ind. http://www.solae.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; McIntyre http://www.mcintyregroup.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Pilot http://www.pilotchemical.com/ Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Laurel. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Laurel berries. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) berries Laurel camphor. See Camphor Laurel cherry leaves. See Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) leaves Laurel extract. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) extract Laurel (Laurus nobilis) CAS 977050-15-9; 8006-48-5 FEMA 2124 Synonyms: Bay; Bay, sweet; Laurel; Laurus nobilis; Sweet bay Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats, soups, stews, herbal teas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§101.22, 139.110, 139.150, 182.10, 182.10, 582.10; FEMA GRAS 1465

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Laurel (Laurus nobilis) berries CAS 977051-01-6; 8007-48-5 FEMA 2612 Synonyms: Laurel berries; Laurus nobilis; Laurus nobilis berries Definition: Berries of Laurus nobilis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Laurel (Laurus nobilis) extract CAS 84603-73-6; 8006-78-8; EINECS/ELINCS 283-272-5 FEMA 2613 Synonyms: Bay laurel extract; Bay leaves, sweet, extract; Grecian laurel extract; Laurel extract; Laurel leaves extract; Laurus nobilis; Laurus nobilis extract; Sweet bay extract Definition: Extract of the leaves of Laurus nobilis Properties: Pale yel. to greenish liq.; aromatic spicy odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, min. oil, propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; dens. 0.92-0.93 (15/15 C); ref. index 1.465 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3950mg/kg Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil CAS 8007-48-5 FEMA 2125 Synonyms: Bay leaf oil; Bay leaves, sweet, oil; Bay oil; Bay oil sweet; Laurel leaf oil; Laurus nobilis leaf oil; Laurus nobilis oil; Mediterranean bay oil; Myrcia oil; Sweet bay oil; West Indian bay oil Definition: Volatile oil from leaves of Laurus nobilis; contg. cineole Properties: Green, yel. cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.905-0.929; dens. 7.531- 7.730 lb/gal; flash pt. 128 F; ref. index 1.46500-1.47000 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Danisco Seillans Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.danisco.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com See also Bay (Pimenta acris) oil Laurel leaf oil. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil Laurel leaves extract. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) extract Laureth CAS 9002-92-0 (generic) Synonyms: C12 fatty alcohol ethoxylate; Lauryl alcohol ethoxylates; PEG lauryl alcohol; POE lauryl alcohol Definition: PEG ether of lauryl alcohol Formula: CH3(CH2)11(OCH2CH2)nOH, n = 2-23 Properties: Liq. to wax; HLB 9.5-17.0 (4-23 EO); Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for foods Trade Names: Nissan Nonion DN-202; Nissan Nonion DN-203; Nissan Nonion DN-209 Lauric acid CAS 143-07-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-582-1 FEMA 2614; INS570; E570 Synonyms: Dodecanoic acid; n-Dodecanoic acid; Dodecoic acid; Duodecylic acid; Laurostearic acid; 1-Undecanecarboxylic acid Classification: Fatty acid Empirical: C12H24O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)10COOH Properties: Colorless needles; sl. bay oil odor; sol. in benzene, chloroform, alcohol, ether, petrol. ether; insol. in water; m.w. 200.36; dens. 0.833; vapor pressure 1 mm (121 C); m.p. 44 C; b.p. 225 C (100 mm); ref. index 1.4323 (45 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 131 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; skin and eye irritant; questionable carcinogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Flavoring agent, defoamer, foam stabilizer, glazing agent, lubricant in foods; component in mfg. of other food-grade additives; in coconut oil, vegetable fats 1466

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.860, 173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3910; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Imperial-OEL-Import http://www.imperialoel-import.de; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welchholme-clark.com Trade Names: NAA-122 Lauric acid butyl ester. See Butyl laurate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lauric acid, calcium salt. See Calcium laurate Lauric acid diethanolamide. See Lauramide DEA Lauric acid, magnesium salt. See Magnesium laurate Lauric acid methyl ester. See Methyl laurate Lauric acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol. See Propylene glycol laurate Lauric acid polydiethanolamide (2:1). See Lauramide DEA Lauric acid, sodium salt. See Sodium laurate Lauric acid superamide (1:1). See Lauramide DEA Lauric acid p-tolyl ester. See p-Tolyl laurate Lauric acid triglyceride. See Trilaurin Lauric alcohol. See Lauryl alcohol Lauric aldehyde CAS 112-54-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-983-6 FEMA 2615 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-12; Aldehyde C-12 lauric; Aldehyde C-12 lauryl; C-12 aldehyde, lauric; Dodecanal; 1-Dodecanal; nDodecanal; 1-Dodecyl aldehyde; n-Dodecyl aldehyde; Duodecylic aldehyde; Lauraldehyde; Laurinaldehyde; Lauryl aldehyde Empirical: C12H24O Formula: CH3(CH2)10CHO Properties: Colorless to yel. liq. or cryst. solid, char. fatty floral odor; sol. in 90% alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 184.32; dens. 0.830 (20/4 C); m.p. 44 C; b.p. 237 C; flash pt. 101 C; ref. index 1.435 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 23 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; 1467

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.axxence.de Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lauric diethanolamide. See Lauramide DEA Laurinaldehyde. See Lauric aldehyde Laurine dimethyl acetal. See Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal Laurinic alcohol. See Lauryl alcohol Laurostearic acid. See Lauric acid Lauroyl diethanolamide. See Lauramide DEA Laurtrimonium chloride CAS 112-00-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-927-0 Synonyms: Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; Lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride; LTAC; N,N,N-Trimethyl-1dodecanaminium chloride Classification: Quaternary ammonium salt Empirical: C15H34N • Cl Formula: CH3(CH2)11N(CH3)3Cl Properties: Wh. liq.; sol. in water and alcohol; m.w. 263.89; surf. tens. 33 dynes/cm (0.1% aq.); cationic Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Nonflammable Uses: Germicide in foods, fermentation Regulatory: USA permitted; JSCI, Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Accord http://www.accordchem.com; Dishman USA http://www.dishman-usa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Nissan Cation BB Laurus nobilis. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) berries; Laurel (Laurus nobilis); Laurel (Laurus nobilis) extract Laurus nobilis berries. See Laurel (Laurus Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nobilis) berries Laurus nobilis extract. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) extract Laurus nobilis leaf oil; Laurus nobilis oil. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil Lauryl acetate CAS 112-66-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-995-1 FEMA 2616 Synonyms: Acetate C-12; Acetic acid, dodecyl ester; Dodecanol acetate; 1-Dodecanol acetate; Dodecanyl acetate; Dodecyl acetate; Dodecyl alcohol acetate Empirical: C14H28O2 Formula: C12H25OOCCH3 Properties: Colorless liq., citrus-rose odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 228.38; dens. 0.865; b.p. 150 C 915 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.430-1.433 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Lauryl alcohol CAS 112-53-8; 27342-88-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-982-0 FEMA 2617 Synonyms: Alcohol C12; C12 linear primary alcohol; 1-Dodecanol; Dodecan-1-ol; nDodecanol; n-Dodecan-1-ol; Dodecyl alcohol; 1-Dodecyl alcohol; n-Dodecyl alcohol; Duodecyl alcohol; 1Hydroxydodecane; Lauric alcohol; Laurinic alcohol; n-Lauryl alcohol; Lauryl alcohol, narrow-cut Classification: Primary aliphatic alcohol; fatty alcohol Empirical: C12H26O Formula: CH3(CH2)10CH2OH Properties: Colorless leaflets, liq. above 21 C, floral odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated 1468

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 186.33; dens. 0.8309 (24/4 C); m.p. 24 C; b.p. 259 C; flash pt. (CC) 127 C; ref. index 1.440-1.444 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12,800 mg/kg, (dermal, guinea pig) > 8310 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; severe human skin irritant; weak to mod. carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; reactive with oxidizing materials; incompat. with acetaldehyde, acids, and chlorine (vigorous or violent reactions possible) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in suitable labeled containers, protected from damage Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; intermediate Features: Honey, coconut-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.864, 175.105, 175.300, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.1390, 177.2800, 178.3480, 178.3910; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Chempri http://www.chempri.com Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Ecogreen Oleochems. http://www.ecogreenoleo.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com M. Michel http://www.mmichel.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; SAFC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/ Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; United Coconut Chem. http://www.cocochem.ph Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ n-Lauryl alcohol. See Lauryl alcohol Lauryl alcohol ethoxylates. See Laureth Lauryl alcohol, narrow-cut. See Lauryl alcohol Lauryl aldehyde. See Lauric aldehyde Lauryl betaine CAS 683-10-3; 11140-78-6; EINECS/ELINCS 211-669-5 Synonyms: Ammonium, (carboxymethyl) dodecyldimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt; Betaine lauryldimethylaminoacetate; Dimethyl dodecyl betaine; N,NDimethyldodecylbetaine; N,N-Dimethyl-Ndodecylglycine; Dimethyl lauryl betaine; 1Dodecanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,Ndimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt; Dodecylbetaine; (Dodecyldimethylammonio) acetate; Dodecyldimethylbetaine; Glycine, dodecyldimethylbetaine; Lauryl-N-betaine; Lauryldimethylammonioacetate; Lauryl dimethyl betaine; Lauryl dimethyl glycine; Lauryl-N-methylsarcosine Classification: Zwitterion (inner salt) Empirical: C16H33NO2 Formula: C12H25N(CH3)2CH2COO Properties: Lt. yel. liq.; m.w. 271.50; amphoteric Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 71 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 53 mg/kg, (skin, rat) 1300 mg/kg; poison by ing and IP routes; mod. toxic by skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx Uses: Foam booster/stabilizer, wetting agent, thickener, dispersant, germicide in foods; extraction aid in fermentation Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Amyl http://www.amyl.com 1469

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names: Nissan Anon BL Lauryl-N-betaine. See Lauryl betaine Lauryl diethanolamide. See Lauramide DEA Lauryldimethylammonioacetate. See Lauryl betaine Lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Lauralkonium chloride Lauryl dimethyl betaine; Lauryl dimethyl glycine. See Lauryl betaine Lauryl gallate. See Dodecyl gallate Lauryl-N-methylsarcosine. See Lauryl betaine Lauryl sodium sulfate. See Sodium lauryl sulfate Lauryl/stearyl thiodipropionate Uses: Antioxidant for foods Trade Names: Cyanox® 1212 Lauryl sulfate sodium salt. See Sodium lauryl sulfate Lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride. See Laurtrimonium chloride Lautarite. See Calcium iodate Lavandin absolute; Lavandin benzol absolute. See Lavandin (Lavandula hybrida) oil Lavandin (Lavandula hybrida) oil CAS 8022-15-9 FEMA 2618 Synonyms: Lavandin absolute; Lavandin benzol absolute; Lavandin oil; Lavandula hybrida; Lavandula hybrida oil Definition: Essential oil from flowers of lavandin, Lavandula hybrida; main constituent: linalool Properties: Yel. liq., lavender camphoraceous odor; sol. in ethanol, fixed oils, propylene glycol, min. oil; insol. in glycerin; dens. 0.885; ref. index 1.460 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Lavandin oil. See Lavandin (Lavandula hybrida) oil Lavandula angustifolia. See Lavender oil Lavandula angustifolia extract. See Lavender extract Lavandula angustifolia oil. See Lavender oil Lavandula hybrida; Lavandula hybrida oil. See Lavandin (Lavandula hybrida) oil Lavandula latifolia; Lavandula latifolia oil. See Spike lavender oil Lavandula officinalis. See Lavender extract; Lavender oil Lavandula officinalis extract. See Lavender extract Lavandula officinalis oil. See Lavender oil Lavandula oil; Lavandula spica; Lavandula spica oil. See Spike lavender oil Lavender extract CAS 90063-37-9; 84776-65-8; EINECS/ELINCS 289-995-2; 283-994-0 Synonyms: Lavandula angustifolia extract; Lavandula officinalis; Lavandula officinalis extract; Lavendula angustifolia Definition: Extract of Lavendula angustifolia or L. officinalis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Lavender flowers oil. See Lavender oil Lavender oil CAS 8000-28-0 FEMA 2622 Synonyms: Lavandula angustifolia; Lavandula angustifolia oil; Lavandula officinalis; Lavandula officinalis oil; Lavender flowers oil 1470

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Volatile oil obtained from flowers of Lavandula angustifolia or L. officinalis, contg. linalyl acetate, linalool, pinene, limonene, geraniol, etc. Properties: Colorless to yel. liq., camphorlavender odor; sol. in 4 vols 70% alcohol; misc. with abs. alcohol, CS2; sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.875-0.888; flash pt. 166 F; ref. index 1.4591.470 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 9040 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; may cause adverse skin reactions when the skin is exposed to sunlight; can cause allergic reaction; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.5 mg/kg considered safe oral dose Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; FDA approved for topicals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/ Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; U.S. Synthetics; Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Lavender oil, spike; Lavender spike absolute; Lavender spike oil. See Spike lavender oil Lavendula angustifolia. See Lavender extract Leaf alcohol. See trans-2-Hexenal; cis-3Hexenol LEAR. See Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil Lecithin CAS 8002-43-5; 8030-76-0; 93685-90-6; 9728147-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-307-2; 310-129-7 INS322; E322 Synonyms: Phosphatidylcholine; Soya lecithin; Soy lecithin Definition: Mixture of the diglycerides of stearic, palmitic and oleic acids linked to the choline ester of phosphoric acid; found in plants and animals Formula: C8H17O5NRR´, R and R´ are fatty acid groups Properties: Nearly wh. to yel. or brn. waxy mass or thick fluid, nutlike odor, bland taste; sol. in chloroform, ether, petrol. ether, min. oils, fatty acids, hydrocarbon and chlorinated solvs.; insol. but swells in water and salt sol'ns.; insol. in veg. oils; dens. 1.0305 (24/4 C); HLB 8.0; acid no. 15-30; iodine no. 95; sapon. no. 196; Nonionic Toxicology: May cause bronchoconstriction in people with asthma; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes 1471

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Storage: Refrigerate Uses: Surfactant, antioxidant, emulsifier, dispersant, wetting agent, stabilizer, release agent in foods, oleomargarine, shortening, baked goods, beverage powds., cocoa powd., meat prods., poultry; surfactant, emulsifier, dispersant, wetting agent for animal feed Features: Edible Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 136.110, 136.115, 136.130, 137.160, 136.180, 163.123, 163.130, 163.135, 163.140, 163.145, 163.150, 163.155, 166.40, 166.110, 169.115, 169.140, 169.150, 175.300, 176.170, 184.1400,; Canada DSL; GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 0.5% max. in oleomargarine, 381.147; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM Lecithin http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/ Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Cargill Texturizing Solutions Deutschland http://www.cargilltexturizing.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Genzyme http://www.genzyme.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. UK; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Landers-Segal Color http://www.pigments.com/; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; Reichhold http://www.reichhold.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/ Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Solae http://www.solae.com; Solvay Pharmaceuticals BV http://www.solvayvitamins.nl/; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Spice King; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vernon Walden Vliengenthart BV http://www.vliegenthart.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Alcolec® BS; Alcolec® F-100; Alcolec® FF-100; Alcolec® Granules; Alcolec® S Beakin LV1; Beakin LV2; Blendmax 322; Centrocap® 162US; Centrocap® 273SS Centrocap® B; Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB; Centrol® 3F-SB Centrol® 3F-UB; Centrol® 3F-UB Premium; Centrolex® R; Centrophase® HR2B; Centrophase® HR4B Chocotop™ 100; Chocotop™ 320; Clearate B-60; Clearate Special Extra; Clearate WDF

1472

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Emulbesto 100 E; Emulfluid®; Emulfluid® A; Emulfluid® AS; Emulfluid® E Emulgum™; Emulpur™ N; Emulpur™ N P1; Emulthin M-35; Epikuron™ 100 G Epikuron™ 130; Epikuron™ 130 G; Lecigran™ 5750; Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ F Lecigran™ M; Leciprime™ 1500; Lecisoy 1400; Lecitreme™ 40; Lecitreme™ 50 Metarin™ CP; Metarin™ DA 51; Metarin™ P; Performix™ E Lecithin; Phospholipon® 90 G Precept™ 8120™; Precept™ 8140™; Precept™ 8160™; Solec® 152; Solec™ 162SS Solec™ 68 SB; Solec™ 68-UB; Solec™ 70 SB; Solec™ 70 UB; Solec® C Solec™ CX; Solec™ D; Solec™ F; Solec® HR; Solec™ K Solec™ P; Thermolec 57; Thermolec 200; Topcithin®; Topcithin® AF-1 Type DB Topcithin® SB; Topcitihin® UB; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P Yelkin® DS; Yelkin® Gold; Yelkin® SS; Yelkin® T; Yelkin® TS Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P Trade Names Containing: Alcolec® 30-A; Alcolec® PG; Alcolec® PS 20 P; Alcolec® PS 40 P; Alcolec® PS 50 P Alcolec® XTRA-A; Antrancine® 342 Plus; Bake-Well 52; Bake-Well 80/20; Bake-Well All Vegetable High Stability Pan Oil Beakin LV3; Beakin LV4; Beakin LV30; Brosoft; Cake Mix 96 Calcium Caseinate A; Calcium Caseinate I; CDC-10A; CDC-10A; CDC-10A (NB) CDC-10A (NB); CDC-79; CDC-2001; CDC2500; CLSP 499 CLSP 555; Controx® VP; DPO™ 100; DriMol®; Dri-Mol® 60 Dri-Mol® Flake; EC-25®; EM LV; Friendy M Hentex-76; Honi-Bake®; Honi-Bake® 705; Honi-Flake; Honi-Flake 705 Hydrokote® 102; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ Super A; Lecigran™ T Lecion LP-1; Lecisperse™ 3236; LSC™ 3070; LSC™ 4060; LSC™ 5050 LSC™ 6040; LSC™ 6040B; LSC™ 6040DB; Metarin™ 210-L; Metarin™ 436 Metarin™ 785-15K; Metarin™ C; Metarin™ F; Oxynex® AP; Oxynex® LM

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PanEze™; PanEze™ W; Paramount C; Performix™ A Lecithin; Phosal® 50 SA+ Phosal® 53 MCT; Phosal® 75 SA; PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10 PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50; PhytroX® Tocomix L70; Pro-Fam® 930; ProFam® 931 Pro-Fam® 932; ProKote™ C; ProKote™ VS; Provon® 290; Rikemal Agepet Rikemal Super; Rikemal Y-61; Sofical Beta; Soft Cel® (Without Soy Flour); Solec™ 100L Solec™ E; Solec™ M; Solec™ W; Solec™ WD; Soylec® 220T Soylec® A-10; Soylec® C-15; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Roast Honey Nut Coating Sweet'n'Neat® Oil Roast Honey Nut Coating; TroKote™ V Lecithin, hydroxylated. See Hydroxylated lecithin Leinoleic acid. See Linoleic acid Lemon balm. See Balm mint (Melissa officinalis); Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) oil Lemon balm distallate; Lemon balm extract. See Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) extract Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) extract CAS 84929-31-7; EINECS/ELINCS 284-515-8 FEMA 2623; 2625 Synonyms: Citrus limon extract; Citrus limonum; Citrus medica limonum; Citrus medica limonum extract; Lemon extract Definition: Extract of the lemon, Citrus medica var. limonum Properties: Char. lemon-leaf odor, sour bitter taste; insol. in water; sol. in most fixed oils; sp.gr. 0.8730-0.8790; flash pt. 54 C; ref. index 1.476-1.483 Toxicology: TSCA listed Storage: 18 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (lemon) Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/; Freeman Ind. http://www.freemanllc.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ 1473

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice CAS 68916-88-1 Synonyms: Citrus limonum; Citrus medica limonum juice; Lemon juice Definition: Liq. expressed from the fresh pulp of Citrus medica limonum Toxicology: Can cause allergic reactions Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §145.115, 145.125, 145.130, 145.134, 145.135, 145.140, 145.145, 145.170, 145.175, 145.185, 145.190, 146.114, 146.120, 146.187, 150.141,150.161, 155.120, 155.130, 155.170, 155.191, 155.194, 155.200, 169.115, 169.140, 169.150, 182.20, GRAS; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: Vicente Trapani http://www.vicentetrapani.com Trade Names Containing: Lem-O-Fos® 101 Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice extract Synonyms: Citrus limon juice extract; Citrus limonum; Citrus medica limonum juice extract; Lemon juice extract Definition: Extract of the juice of the lemon, Citrus medica limonum Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice powder CAS 84929-31-7; EINECS/ELINCS 284-515-8 Synonyms: Citrus limonum; Citrus medica limonum; Citrus medica limonum juice powder; Lemon juice powder; Lemon juice solids Definition: Powd. of the dried juice of the lemon, Citrus medica limonum Properties: Grn. opalescent liq.; charac. odor; sol. in org. solvents; insol. in water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >5000 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) >5000mg/kg; may be irritating to eyes and skin; harmful by ing.; sp. gr. 0.844; flash pt. (CC) 44 C; ref. index 1.476 Precaution: Keep away from all sources of ignition; avoid contact with oxidizing agents Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a dry, well-ventilated area, protect from exposure to lt. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil CAS 8008-56-8; EINECS/ELINCS 284-515-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 2625 Synonyms: Cedro oil; Citrus limon oil; Citrus limonum; Citrus medica limonum; Citrus medica limonum oil; Lemon oil; Lemon oil, coldpressed; Lemon oil, expressed; Lemon peel oil Definition: Volatile oil expressed from the fresh peel of fruit of Citrus limon, contg. limonene, terpinene, phellandrene, pinene Properties: Pale yel. to greenish-yel. liq., lemon peel odor and taste; misc. with dehydrated alcohol, CS2, glac. acetic acid; sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.849-0.855 (25/25 C); ref. index 1.47421.4755 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2840 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Do not use if terebinthine odor can be detected Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, pastry, beverages, liqueurs, other flavors Use Level: ADI 500 µg/kg (WHO) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §146.114, 146.120, 146.121, 146.126, 161.190, 172.230, 173.240, 182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed, no restrictions; FDA approved for orals, topicals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/ F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; 1474

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/ George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; J.C. Dudley http://www.jcdudley.co.uk/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com U.S. Synthetics; Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Citreatt Lemon 3123; Citreatt Lemon 6122 Trade Names Containing: Lemalta Flavor®; Lemon Flavor WONF #8545 Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) peel extract CAS 977091-77-2 Synonyms: Citrus limonum; Citrus medica limonum; Citrus medica limonum peel extract; Lemon peel extract Definition: Extract of rinds of Citrus medica limonum Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Lemonene. See Biphenyl Lemon extract. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) extract Lemongrass extract CAS 89998-14-1; EINECS/ELINCS 289-752-0 Synonyms: Cymbopogon citratus; Cymbopogon citratus extract; Cymbopogon lexuosus; Cymbopogon lexuosus extract; Cymbopogon schoenanthus; Cymbopogon schoenanthus extract Definition: Extract of Cymbopogon schoenanthus, C. citratus or C. lexuosus Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; Japan approved (lemongrass) Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Buckton Page Ltd Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.bucktonpage.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Lemongrass oil. See Lemongrass oil West Indian Lemongrass oil East Indian CAS 8007-02-1 FEMA 2624 Synonyms: Andropogo nardus; Andropogon nardus oil; Cochin; Cymbopogon flexosus; Cymbopogon flexosus oil; East Indian lemongrass oil Definition: Oil from steam distillation of grasses of Cymbopogon flexosus and Andropogon nardus, contg. citral Properties: Dk. yel. to brn.-red liq., heavy lemon odor; sol. in min. oil, propylene glycol, alcohol; insol. in water, glycerin; dens. 0.894-0.902; ref. index 1.483 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5600 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, nonalcoholic beverages, chewing gum, confections, gelatin desserts, ice cream, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed, no restrictions Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Lemongrass oil West Indian CAS 8007-02-1 FEMA 2624 Synonyms: Cymbopogon citratus; Cymbopogon citratus oil; Guatemala 1475

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference lemongrass oil; Lemongrass oil; Madagascar lemongrass oil; Verbena oil, Indian; West Indian lemongrass oil Definition: Volatile oil from steam distillation of fresh Cymbopogon citratus grasses contg. mainly citral Properties: Lt. yel. to brn. liq., lt. lemon odor; sol. in alcohol, min. oil, propylene glycol, chlorinated solvs.; sl. sol. in glycerol; insol. in water; dens. 0.869-0.894; ref. index 1.483 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed, no restrictions; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/ Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Lemon juice. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice Lemon juice extract. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice extract Lemon juice powder; Lemon juice solids. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice powder Lemon leaf oil. See Petitgrain, lemon oil Lemon oil; Lemon oil, coldpressed. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil Lemon oil, distilled Synonyms: Citrus limon; Citrus limon oil, distilled Definition: Oil from distillation of fresh peel of Citrus limon Properties: Pale yel. liq., fresh lemon peel odor and taste; misc. with dehydrated alcohol, glac. acetic acid; dens. 0.842; ref. index 1.470 (20 C) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: Skin irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Vicente Trapani http://www.vicentetrapani.com Lemon oil, expressed. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil Lemon oil, petitgrain. See Petitgrain, lemon oil Lemon oil terpeneless CAS 68648-39-5 FEMA 2626 Synonyms: Citrus limon; Citrus limon oil terpeneless Definition: Derived from Citrus limon Properties: Yel. to almost colorless liq.; rosy, fruity odor; insol. in water; sp.gr 0.888-0.900; flash pt. 90 C; ref. index 1.478-1.485 Storage: 24 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, puddings, chewing gum, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Lemon peel extract. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) peel extract Lemon peel oil. See Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil 1476

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Lemon verbena extract. See Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) extract Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) extract CAS 85116-63-8; EINECS/ELINCS 285-515-0 Synonyms: Lemon verbena extract; Lippia citriodora; Lippia citriodora extract Definition: Extract of flowering ends of lemon verbena, Lippia citriodora Properties: Pale to cl. liq.; sp. gr. 1.0; pH 5-6 Toxicology: May cause eye irritation; may be harmful if swallowed Precaution: Wear safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing; avoid dust generation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: ≥ i yr. shelf life; store in a cool, dry area @ 40-65 F Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com

Empirical: C10H9N Properties: Colorless oily liq., quinoline odor; turns reddish-brn. in light; sl. sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, benzene, ether; m.w. 143.19; dens. 1.083 (20/4 C); m.p. 9-10 C; b.p. 260-263 C; congeal pt. 0 C; ref. index 1.620 (20 C) Toxicology: Irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Storage: Photosensitive; protect from light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Leu; Leucine (INCI). See L-Leucine

Lepidine CAS 491-35-0; EINECS/ELINCS 207-734-2 FEMA 2744 Synonyms: Cincholepidine; 4Methylquinoline; γ-Methylquinoline; pMethylquinoline

DL-Leucine CAS 328-39-2; EINECS/ELINCS 206-328-2 Synonyms: DL-2-Amino-4-methylvaleric acid; (±)-Leucine Empirical: C6H13NO2 Properties: Wh. sm. cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless, sl. bitter taste; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 131.17; m.p. 290 C (dec.) Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorption; may cause eye/skin/mucous membrane/upper respiratory tract irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents; capable of creating a dust explosion in powd. form Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, NOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko USA http://www.kyowa-usa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com

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Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) oil CAS 8024-12-2; EINECS/ELINCS 285-515-0 Synonyms: Lemon verbena oil; Lippia citriodora; Lippia citriodora oil; Verbena oil Definition: Oil derived by steam distillation of herb of Lippia citriodora Properties: Pale yel. liq.; intense fresh lemon odor; sol. in oils and org. solvents; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.870 - 0.910; flash pt. 72 C; ref. index 1.476-1.498 Toxicology: Phototoxic effects; sensitizing potential Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; tore @ 4 C in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry place away from sunlight Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Features: Menthol, pine taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lemon verbena oil. See Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) oil Leopard's bane. See Arnica montana

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com L-Leucine CAS 61-90-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-522-0 FEMA 3297; INS641 Synonyms: L-α-Aminoisocaproci acid; αAminoisocaproic acid; 2-Amino-4methylpentanoic acid; 1,2-Amino-4methylvaleric acid; 2-Amino-4-methylvaleric acid; α-Amino-γ-methylvaleric acid; Leu; Leucine (INCI); 4-Methylnorvaline; Norvaline, 4-methyl-; Valeric acid, 2-amino4-methylClassification: Essential amino acid Definition: Avail. commercially as the naturally occurring L(+)-enantiomer Empirical: C6H13NO2 Properties: Wh. cryst.; sol. in water, dil. HCl; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 131.20; dens. 1.291 (18 C); m.p. 295 C; subl. @ 145148 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 5379 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., rabbit) 2620 mg/kg; mod. toxic by subcut. route; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavor modifier in foods; flavoring agent in foods (Japan) Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.320, 8.8% max., 172.804; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMINO GmbH http://www.aminoactives.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; Flamma Spa http://www.flamma.it; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nippon Rikagakuyakuhin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.nipponrika.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com (±)-Leucine. See DL-Leucine Leucol. See Quinoline Leucoline. See Isoquinoline; Quinoline Levisticum officinale; Levisticum officinale extract. See Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract Levisticum officinale oil. See Lovage (Levisticum officinale) oil Levisticum officinale root extract. See Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract Levoglucosan. See 1,6-Anhydro-D-glucose Levoglutamid; Levoglutamide. See L-Glutamine Levulic acid. See Levulinic acid Levulinic acid CAS 123-76-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-649-2 UN 1759; FEMA 2627 Synonyms: Acetylpropionic acid; 3Acetylpropionic acid; β-Acetylpropionic acid; 4-Ketopentanoic acid; 4-Ketovaleric acid; γ-Ketovaleric acid; Laevulic acid; Laevulinic acid; Levulic acid; 4Oxopentanoic acid; 4-Oxovaleric acid; 4Oxo-n-valeric acid Classification: Organic acid Empirical: C5H8O3 Formula: CH3COCH2CH2COOH Properties: Yel. plates or leaflets; freely sol. in water, alcohol, ether, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; insol. in aliphatic hydrocarbons; m.w. 116.12; dens. 1.1447; m.p. 33-35 C; b.p. 245246 C; flash pt. ≈ 98 C; ref. index 1.442 (16 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1850 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 450 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; primary skin irritant; corrosive; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating 1478

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference fumes Storage: Deliq.; light-sensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Otsuka Chem. http://www.otsukac.co.jp/ Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Levulinic acid, butyl ester. See Butyl levulinate Levulinic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl levulinate Levulose. See Fructose Licareol. See Linalool Licareol acetate. See Linalyl acetate Lichenic acid. See Fumaric acid Lichen islandicus extract. See Iceland moss (Cetraria islandicus) extract Licorice extract. See Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) CAS 68916-91-6; 8008-94-4; 977004-31-1 Synonyms: Glyccyrrhiza; Glycyrrhiza glabra; Licorice root; Liquorice Definition: Dried rhizome and roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra Properties: Brownish to lt.-yel. powd.; sol. in water; poorly sol. in alcohol Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) >7500 mg/kg; irritant to skin, and by ing., or inh. Precaution: Wear dust respirator, protective gloves and lab coat HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, surfactant in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Strong lingering sweet taste; counteracts excessive saltiness Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1408, GRAS; not permitted as nonnutritive sweetener in sugar substitutes; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Arthur Branwell http://www.branwell.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; MLG Enterprises; Mafco Worldwide http://www.magnasweet.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; PureWorld Botanicals http://www.pureworld.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Roeper GmbH http://www.roeper.de; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com W. Ruitenberg http://www.ruitenberg.nl; Worlée-Chemie http://www.worlee.de/ Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract CAS 84775-66-6; 97676-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 238-895-2 FEMA 2628 Synonyms: Glycyrrhiza extract; Glycyrrhiza glabra; Glycyrrhiza glabra extract; Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract; Licorice extract; Licorice root extract; Liquorice extract Definition: Extract of roots of licorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra Uses: Natural flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, surfactant in foods, beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1408, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Confoco UK; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract CAS 8008-94-4; 8057-63-4; 68916-91-6 Synonyms: Glycyrrhiza; Glycyrrhiza extract; Glycyrrhizina; Licorice; Licorice extract; Licorice root; Licorice root extract Properties: Brnsh.-yel. to lt. yel. solid; sl. spicey 1479

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference odor; sweet acrid taste; sol. in water; poorly sol. in alcohol Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 14,200 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1420 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 4200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP, subcut. routes; mildly toxic by ing.; mutagenic data Precaution: Wear gloves, lab coat, and respirator Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, surfactant in foods, bacon, baked goods, beverages, candy, chewing gum, herbs, ice cream, seasonings, syrups, dietary supplements Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1408, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Licorice root. See Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Licorice root extract. See Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract Light aliphatic naphtha; Light aliphatic solvent naphtha (petroleum). See Naphtha, light aliphatic Light camphor oil. See Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil Light magnesium carbonate. See Magnesium carbonate Light mineral oil. See Mineral oil Light petroleum hydrocarbons, odorless. See Petroleum hydrocarbons, odorless, light Light spar. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Lignin liquor. See Tall oil Lignocaine benzyl benzoate. See Denatonium benzoate Lignoceryl alcohol. See 1-Tetracosanol Ligroin; Ligroine. See VM&P naphtha Ligusticum lactone. See 3-Butylidenephthalide Lilyl aldehyde. See Hydroxycitronellal Lime. See Calcium oxide Lime acetate. See Calcium acetate Lime citrate. See Calcium citrate Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil CAS 8008-26-2; EINECS/ELINCS 290-010-3 FEMA 2631 Synonyms: Citrus aurantifolia; Citrus Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

aurantifolia oil; Distilled lime oil; Lime oil; Lime oil, distilled; Lime oil, expressed (natural); West Indian lime oil Definition: Volatile oil from fruits of Citrus aurantifolia Properties: Colorless to greenish-yel. volatile oil; intensely fresh citrus aroma, astringent sweetsour flavor; sol. in most fixed oils, mi. oil; insol. in glycerol, propylene glycol; dens. 0.8550.863; ref. index 1.475-1.4770 (20 C) Toxicology: TDLo (oral, mouse, 39 wks intermittent) 67 g/kg; primary skin irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in cola and other soft drinks Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.230, 182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (lime); Europe listed, no restrictions; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Citreatt Lime 3135; Citreatt Lime 6134 Trade Names Containing: Lemon Flavor WONF #8545 Limed rosin. See Calcium resinate Lime, hydrated; Lime milk. See Calcium hydroxide 1480

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Lime oil; Lime oil, distilled; Lime oil, expressed (natural). See Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil Lime oil expressed terpeneless. See Lime oil terpeneless Lime oil terpeneless CAS 68916-84-7 FEMA 2632 Synonyms: Citrus aurantifolia; Citrus aurantifolia oil terpeneless; Lime oil expressed terpeneless Definition: Derived from Citrus aurantifolia Properties: Pale yel. liq.; strong odor; lime taste; sp.gr. 0.906-0.916; flash pt. 62 C; ref. index 1.480-1.492 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, syrups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Lime pyrolignite. See Calcium acetate Lime, slaked. See Calcium hydroxide Limestone. See Calcium carbonate Lime-tree extract. See Linden (Tilia americana) extract; Linden (Tilia cordata) extract; Linden (Tilia vulgaris) extract Lime water. See Calcium hydroxide (-)-Limonene. See l-Limonene (+)-Limonene. See d-Limonene d-Limonene CAS 5989-27-5; 68647-72-3; EINECS/ELINCS 227-813-5 UN 1993 (DOT); FEMA 2633 Synonyms: Cajeputene; (+)-Carvene; Cinene; Dextro-limonene; 4-Isopropenyl-1methylcyclohexene; (R)-4-Isopropenyl-1methyl-1-cyclohexene; Kautschin; (+)Limonene; (D)-Limonene; D-(+)-Limonene; D+ Limonene; R(+)-Limonene; (+)-1,8-pMenthadiene; d-p-Mentha-1,8-diene; pMentha-1,8-diene; (R)-p-Mentha-1,8-diene; (R)-1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene; Orange oil terpenes ex-5-fold; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Orange terpenes Classification: Unsat. alicyclic hydrocarbon; terpene Definition: Naturally occurring C10 cycloolefinic hydrocarbon; major component in citrus oils Empirical: C10H16 Formula: CH3C6H8C(CH3)=CH2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., citrus odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water, propylene glycol; m.w. 136.26; dens. 0.8411 (20 C); vapor pressure 20 mm Hg (68 C); m.p. -74 C; b.p. 176-176.4 C; flash pt. (CC) 48 C; ref. index 1.471; surf. tens. 26.87 dynes/cm; KB value 63 (tech.); VOC 837 g/l; dielec. const. 2.375; tenacity 1 hr. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4400 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 110 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; inh. of vapor may cause nose/throat irritation; target organs: eyes, skin, respiratory system, kidney; cancer suspect agent; experimental tumorigen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Environmental: Fully biodeg.; VOC; ThOD 2.35 Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers, iodine pentafluoride, tetrafluoroethylene; explosive reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods Features: Citrus flavor Use Level: < 50% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-2245); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk 1481

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/ Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances http://www.iff.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Langley-Smith Ltd http://www.langley-smith.co.uk; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Vliengenthart BV http://www.vliegenthart.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names Containing: Grapefruit Artificial Flavor 4115; Lemon Base; Lime Oil 410; Lime Oil E-96 (D)-Limonene; D-(+)-Limonene; D+ Limonene. See d-Limonene dl-Limonene CAS 138-86-3; 7705-14-8 (±); EINECS/ELINCS 205-341-0 UN 2052 (DOT) Synonyms: Cajeputene; Cinene; Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-; Dipanol; Dipentene (INCI); Inactive limonene; 4Isopropenyl-1-methyl-1-cyclohexene; (±)Limonene; 1,8(9)-p-Menthadiene; dl-pMentha-1,8-diene; p-Mentha-1,8-diene; (±)1,8-p-Menthadiene; 1-Methyl-4isopropenylcyclohexene; 1-Methyl-4isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene; 1-Methyl-4 (1methylethenyl) cyclohexene; Racemic limonene Classification: Unsat. aliphatic hydrocarbon; cyclic terpene hydrocarbon Empirical: C10H16 Properties: Colorless liq., pleasant lemon-like odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; pract. insol. in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

water; m.w. 136.23; dens. 0.847 (15.5/15.5 C); vapor pressure 20 mm Hg (68 C); m.p. -96.9 C; b.p. 175-176 C (763 mm); flash pt. (CC) 45 C; autoignition temp. 237 C; ref. index 1.4744; dielec. const. 2.3 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5000 mg/kg; skin irritant and sensitizer; inh. of vapor may cause nose and throat irritation; probable eye irritant; not very toxic by ing.; target organs: CNS, skin, kidney; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 3.29 Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; can react vigorously with oxidizers; also incompat. with iodine pentafluoride and tetrafluoroethylene Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 177.2600, 182.60, GRAS; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/ Hercules http://www.herc.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com l-Limonene CAS 5989-54-8; EINECS/ELINCS 227-815-6 UN 2052 (DOT) Synonyms: Cajeputene; Carvene; Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl), (S)-; Dipentene; (-)-Limonene; l-p-Mentha1,8-diene; p-Mentha-1,8-diene, (S)-(-)-; (S)-()-p-Mentha-1,8-diene; (S)-p-Mentha-1,8diene; 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-(S)cyclohexene Empirical: C10H16 Properties: Colorless liq.; misc. with alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 136.23; dens. 0.8407 (20.5/4 C); b.p. 175.5-176.5 C (763 mm); flash 1482

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference pt. 168 F; ref. index 1.474 (21 C); tenacity 1 hr. on blotter Toxicology: Skin irritant, sensitizer; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 32245); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Trade Names Containing: Spearmint Oil 603; Spearmint Oil 660 R(+)-Limonene. See d-Limonene (±)-Limonene. See dl-Limonene Limonene oxide. See Eucalyptol Limonene polymer. See Polydipentene Linacsol. See Tetrahydrolinalool Linaloe (Bersera delpechiana) wood oil CAS 977051-12-9 FEMA 2634 Synonyms: Bersera delpechiana; Bersera delpechiana wood oil; Linaloe wood oil Definition: Volatile oil distilled from a Mexican wood, Bersera delpechiana and other species, contg. linalool, geraniol, methylheptenone Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; pleasant floral woody odor; sol. in 2 vols 70% alcohol; sol. in ether, chloroform; sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.875-0.890 (15/15 C); ref. index 1.4638 (20 C) Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.fleurchem.com Linaloe wood oil. See Linaloe (Bersera delpechiana) wood oil Linalol. See Linalool Linalol acetate. See Linalyl acetate Linalool CAS 78-70-6; EINECS/ELINCS 201-134-4 FEMA 2635 Synonyms: 2,6-Dimethyl-2,7-octadien-6-ol; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol; Licareol; Linalol; Linalyl alcohol Classification: Terpene Empirical: C10H18O Formula: (CH3)2C:CHCH2CH2C(CH3)OHCH:CH2 Properties: Colorless liq., odor similar to Bergamot oil, French lavender; sol. in alcohol, ether, fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 154.28; dens. 0.8580.868; b.p. 195-199 C; flash pt. 172 F; ref. index 1.461; tenacity 12 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2790 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5610 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; skin irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant, and fragrance in foods Features: Citrus, floral, herbaceous, woody, rosewood-like fragrance and flavor Use Level: < 5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring (ENCS; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 2-249); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de BASF http://www.basf.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com 1483

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Trade Names: Linalool 95; Linalool 925 Trade Names Containing: Grapefruit Artificial Flavor 4115; Passion Fruit Treattarome 9750 Linalool acetate. See Linalyl acetate Linalool butyrate. See Linalyl butyrate Linalool isobutyrate. See Linalyl isobutyrate Linalool oxide CAS 60047-17-8; 5989-33-3 (cis); 34995-77-2 (trans); 1365-19-1; EINECS/ELINCS 262-0386; 215-723-9 FEMA 3746 Synonyms: Epoxylinalool; 5 Ethenyl tetrahydro-α,α-5 trimethyl 2 furan methanol; 2-Methyl-2-vinyl-5-(α-hydroxyisopropyl) tetrahydrofuran; 2-Methyl-2-vinyl-5-(2hydroxy-2-propyl) tetrahydrofuran; 2(Tetrahydro-5-methyl-5-vinyl-2-furyl) propan-2-ol; Tetrahydro-α,α-5-trimethyl-5vinylfurfuryl alcohol; α,α,5-Trimethyl-5ethenyltetrahydro-2-furanmethanol; cisand trans-2-Vinyl-2-methyl-5-(1´-hydroxy-1´methylethyl) tetrahydrofuran Definition: Commercial prod. is a mixt. of cis and trans-isomers Empirical: C10H18O2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. oily liq.; sweet lemon cineol flavor; sol. in alcohol, most common org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 170.25; dens. 0.94 kg/l (20 C); b.p. 188 C; flash pt. 63 C; ref. index 1.4523; substantivity 12 hrs. on smelling strip Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Linalool tetrahydride. See Tetrahydrolinalool Linalyl acetate CAS 115-95-7; EINECS/ELINCS 204-116-4 UN NA 1993; FEMA 2636 Synonyms: Acetic acid, linalool ester; Bergamiol; Bergamol; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6octadien-3-ol acetate; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6octadien-3-yl acetate; Licareol acetate; Linalol acetate; Linalool acetate Classification: floral ester; acylic terpene ester Definition: Ester of linalool and acetic acid; avail. commercially as a racemic mixt. Empirical: C12H20O2 Formula: CH3COOC10H17 Properties: Colorless clear oily liq., bergamot odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, diethyl phthalate, benzyl benzoate, min. oil, fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 196.32; dens. 0.898-0.914; b.p. 108-110 C; flash pt. 185 F; ref. index 1.4500 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 14,550 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, 1484

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant, and fragrance in foods Features: Fresh, floral pear-like flavor, reminiscent of bergamot, petitgrain Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Australia AICS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de BASF http://www.basf.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown Capital http://www.crowncapital.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Linalyl alcohol. See Linalool Linalyl 2-aminobenzoate; Linalyl oaminobenzoate. See Linalyl anthranilate Linalyl anthranilate CAS 7149-26-0; EINECS/ELINCS 230-472-5 FEMA 2637 Synonyms: Anthranilic acid, 1,5-dimethyl-1vinyl-4-hexenyl ester; Anthranilic acid linalyl ester; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol 2-aminobenzoate; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6octadien-3-yl anthranilate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1vinyl-4-hexen-1-yl-o-aminobenzoate; 1,5Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl anthranilate; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Linalyl 2-aminobenzoate; Linalyl oaminobenzoate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C17H23NO2 Formula: CH3-C(CH3)=CH-[CH2]2(CH3)C(CH=CH2)-OCO-C6H4-NH2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., sweet orange-like flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 273.38; b.p. 350 C; acid no. 2.0 max.; ref. index 1.4970 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4250 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory tract; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Linalyl benzoate CAS 126-64-7; EINECS/ELINCS 204-796-2 FEMA 2638 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol benzoate; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl benzoate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexen-1-ol benzoate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl benzoate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexen-1-yl benzoate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C17H22O2 Properties: Yel. or ylsh.-brn. liq.; tuberose odor; sol. in chloroform, alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 258.37; b.p. 263 C; flash pt. 98 C; ref. index 1.505-1.520 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.5% max. as benzoic acid in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1485

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Linalyl butanoate. See Linalyl butyrate Linalyl butyrate CAS 78-36-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-109-8 FEMA 2639 Synonyms: Butanoic acid 1-ethenyl-1,5dimethyl-4-hexen-1-yl ester; Butyric acid linalyl ester; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl butanoate; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl butyrate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl hex-4-enyl butanoate; 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexen1-yl butanoate; Linalool butyrate; Linalyl butanoate; Linalyl-n-butyrate Classification: floral ester; acylic terpene ester Empirical: C14H24O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2CO2C(CH=CH2)(CH3)CH2CH2CH= C(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless or ylsh. liq., fruity banana odor; insol. in water; m.w. 224.34; dens. 0.8890-0.8903; b.p. 232 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.4510-1.4560 (20 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Linalyl-n-butyrate. See Linalyl butyrate Linalyl caproate. See Linalyl hexanoate Linalyl cinnamate CAS 78-37-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-110-3 FEMA 2641 Synonyms: Cinnamic acid-1,5-dimethyl-1vinyl-4-hexenyl ester; Cinnamic acid-1,5dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexen-1-yl ester; Cinnamic acid, linalyl ester; 3,7-Dimethyl1,6-octadien-3-ol cinnamate; 1,5-Dimethyl1-vinyl-4-hexen-1-ol cinnamate; 1,5Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexen-1-yl cinnamate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl 3-phenyl-2propenoate; 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4hexenyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate; Linalyl 3phenylpropenoate; 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid-1,5-dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexen-1-yl ester; 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid-1-ethenyl-1,5dimethyl-4-hexenyl ester Classification: floral ester Empirical: C19H24O2 Properties: Colorless liq., soft floral odor, fruity flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 284.40 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 9960 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Linalyl formate CAS 115-99-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-120-6 FEMA 2642 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol formate; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl formate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl formate Classification: floral ester; acylic terpene ester Empirical: C11H18O2 Formula: C10H17OOCH Properties: Colorless liq.; citrus herbaceous odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol, water; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 182.27; dens. 0.914; b.p. 100-103 C (10 mm); flash pt. 186 F; ref. index 1.456-1.457 (20 C) Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Linalyl hexanoate CAS 7779-23-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-922-3 FEMA 2643 Synonyms: 3,7-Diemthyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl hexanoate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl hex-4-enyl hexanoate; 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4hexenyl hexanoate; Hexanoic acid 1ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl ester; Linalyl caproate; Linalyl hexoate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C16H28O2 1486

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Colorless cl. oily liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 252.39; sp. gr. 0.90; b.p. 252.00 C @ 760.00 mm Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Green, fruity odor; pineapple, pear taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Linalyl hexoate. See Linalyl hexanoate Linalyl isobutyrate CAS 78-35-3; EINECS/ELINCS 201-108-2 FEMA 2640 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol isobutyrate; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl isobutyrate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexenyl ester, isobutyric acid; 1,5-Dimethyl-1vinylhex-4-enyl 2-methylpropanoate; Linalool isobutyrate Classification: floral ester; acylic terpene ester Empirical: C14H24O2 Formula: C10H17OOCCH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq.; rosy odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, chloroform; insol. in water; m.w. 224.38; dens. 0.890; flash pt. 212 F; ref. index 1.4490 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 36,300 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 15,100 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Linalyl isovalerate CAS 1118-27-0; EINECS/ELINCS 214-259-4 FEMA 2646 Synonyms: 4,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol isovalerate; 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

isovalerate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl isovalerate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl 3-methylbutanoate; Isovaleric acid, (4,7dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl) ester; 3Methylbutyric acid, 1,5-dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl ester Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C15H26O2 Properties: M.w. 238.37; b.p. 188 C; ref. index 1.4510 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Apple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Linalyl octanoate CAS 10024-64-3; EINECS/ELINCS 233-026-8 FEMA 2644 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl octanoa; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinyl-4-hexenyl octanoate; 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4hexenyl octanoate; Linalyl octoate; Ooctanoic acid 1-ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4hexenyl ester Classification: floral ester Empirical: C18H32O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. oily liq.; sol. in alcohol and paraffin oil; insol. in water; m.w. 280.445; sp. gr. 0.875 -0.885; ref. index 1.4541.457 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Linalyl octoate. See Linalyl octanoate Linalyl phenylacetate CAS 7143-69-3; EINECS/ELINCS 230-444-2 FEMA 3501 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl phenylacetate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4enyl phenylacetate; 1-Ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl4-hexenyl benzeneacetate; Linalyl α-toluate Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C18H24O2 Properties: Colorless or pale straw-colored visc. liq.; sol. in oils; imisc. with ethanol @ R.T.; 1487

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference nsol. in water; m.w. 272.39; sp. gr. 0.9660.974; b.p. 317 C; acid no. 3 max.; ref. index 1.500-1.508 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings Features: Mildly floral, intensely sweet Nerolirose type odor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Linalyl 3-phenylpropenoate. See Linalyl cinnamate Linalyl propionate CAS 144-39-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-627-5 FEMA 2645 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol propanoate; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-3-yl propionate; 1,5-Dimethyl-1-vinylhex-4-enyl propionate Classification: acylic terpene ester Empirical: C13H22O2 Formula: C10H17OOCC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; floral odor similar to bergamot oil; sol. in alcohol, most fixed oils, min. oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in glycerol; m.w. 210.32; dens. 0.895-0.902; b.p. 226 C; ref. index 1.4500-1.4550 Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Pear-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Linalyl α-toluate. See Linalyl phenylacetate Linden extract. See Linden (Tilia americana) extract; Linden (Tilia cordata) extract; Linden (Tilia vulgaris) extract Linden flowers CAS 977009-77-0 FEMA 2647 Synonyms: Tilia flowers Definition: From Tilia spp. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Soothing aromatic flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Linden flowers extract. See Linden (Tilia americana) extract; Linden (Tilia cordata) extract; Linden (Tilia vulgaris) extract Linden (Tilia americana) extract CAS 90063-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 290-011-9 FEMA 2647 Synonyms: Lime-tree extract; Linden extract; Linden flowers extract; Tilia americana; Tilia americana extract Definition: Extract of the flowers of the linden tree, Tilia americana Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 182.20, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Indena SpA http://www.indena.it Linden (Tilia cordata) extract CAS 84929-52-2; EINECS/ELINCS 284-536-2 Synonyms: Lime-tree extract; Linden extract; Linden flowers extract; Tilia cordata; Tilia cordata extract Definition: Extract of the flowers of the linden tree, Tilia cordata Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 182.20, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Linden (Tilia vulgaris) extract CAS 90063-56-2; EINECS/ELINCS 290-015-0 Synonyms: Lime-tree extract; Linden extract; Linden flowers extract; Tilia vulgaris; Tilia vulgaris extract Definition: Extract of the flowers of the linden tree, Tilia vulgaris Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 182.20, GRAS; Japan approved Linear C10 alpha olefin. See Decene-1 Linear polyethyleneimine. See Polyethylene imine 1488

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Linoleic acid CAS 60-33-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-470-9; 289859-2 FEMA 3380 Synonyms: Leinoleic acid; 9,12-Linoleic acid; Linolic acid; 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid; cis,cis-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid; (Z,Z)9,12-Octadecadienoic acid Classification: Unsaturated essential fatty acid Empirical: C18H32O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)4=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oil; freely sol. in ether; sol. in chloroform, abs. alcohol; misc. with dimethylformamide, fat solvs., oils; insol. in water; m.w. 280.44; dens. 0.9007 (22/4 C); m.p. -12 C; b.p. 230 C (16 mm); ref. index 1.4699 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 280 mg/kg; poison by IP route; human skin irritant; ing. can cause nausea and vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; easily oxidized by air Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store refrigerated Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 184.1065, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Biomol http://www.biomol.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hercules http://www.herc.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; LangleySmith Ltd http://www.langley-smith.co.uk; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Penn Bio-Organics http://www.pennbio.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Rhodia Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com Trade Names: Crossential® EPO TG25 Trade Names Containing: Procol CLA 9,12-Linoleic acid. See Linoleic acid Linoleic acid methyl ester. See Methyl linoleate Linolenic acid CAS 463-40-1; EINECS/ELINCS 207-334-8 Synonyms: α-Linolenic acid; 9,12,15Octadecatrienoic acid; all cis-9,12,15Octadecatrienoic acid; (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15Octadecatrienoic acid Classification: Unsaturated fatty acid Empirical: C18H30O2 Formula: CH3CH2CHCHCH2CHCHCH2CHCH(CH2)7CO OH Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 278.44; dens. 0.916 (20/4 C); f.p. -11 C; b.p. 230 C (17 mm); ref. index 1.480 Toxicology: Sl. irritating to mucous membranes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; mixt. with cobalt naphthenate forms explosive peroxides in air Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Photosensitive; refrigerate Uses: Nutrient in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Biomol http://www.biomol.com Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Indofine 1489

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.indofinechemical.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Penn Bio-Organics http://www.pennbio.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Tomen Am. http://www.tomenamerica.com Trade Names: Crossential® GLA TG40; Crossential® LN80 α-Linolenic acid. See Linolenic acid γ-Linolenic acid CAS 506-26-3 Synonyms: GLA; 6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid Classification: Omega-6 fatty acids Empirical: C18H30O2 Properties: M.w. 278.4; flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.471 (20 C) Storage: Photosensitive; oxygen-sensitive Uses: Nutritional applics. Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Penn Bio-Organics http://www.pennbio.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Crossential® GLA E95 SR Linolic acid. See Linoleic acid Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil CAS 8001-26-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-278-6 Synonyms: Flaxseed oil; Linseed oil; Linseed oil, raw; Linum usitatissimum; Linum usitatissimum oil; Raw linseed oil; Varnish linseed oil; VLO Definition: Fixed oil expressed from the dried ripe seed of Linum usitatissimum Properties: Golden-yel., amber, or brown drying oil, peculiar odor, bland taste; sol. in ether, chloroform, carbon disulfide, turpentine; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.921-0.936; m.p. -19 C; b.p. 343 C; iodine no. 160-200; sapon. no. 188-195; flash pt. 222 C Toxicology: Allergen and skin irritant to humans; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers; subject to spontaneous heating; violent reaction with Cl2 Uses: Drying oil as component of finished resins, migrating from food pkg. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 181.22, 181.26; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADM http://www.admworld.com; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brenntag Specialties; Chem. Distributors http://www.cdipdx.com/; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com Degen http://www.degenoil.com; Ferro/Polymer Addit. http://www.ferro.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; John L Seaton Ltd http://www.seatons-uk.co.uk; L.V. Lomas http://www.lvlomas.com Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Reichhold http://www.reichhold.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com Vliengenthart BV http://www.vliegenthart.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Trade Names: HiOmega® Flaxseed Oil Trade Names Containing: HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder Linseed oil; Linseed oil, raw; Linum usitatissimum; Linum usitatissimum oil. See Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil Lipase CAS 9001-62-1; 9040-75-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-619-9 INS1104 Synonyms: Glycerol ester hydrolase; Triacetinase; Triacylglycerol lipase; Tributyrase; Tributyrinase; Tributyrin esterase; Triglyceride hydrolase; Triglyceride lipase; Triolein hydrolase Definition: Digestive enzyme that hydrolyzes triglycerides 1490

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: LD (oral, rat) > 10,400 mg/kg; LD50 (IP, rat) 634 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by subcut. route; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of fat to glycerol and fatty acid, flavor enhancer in foods; mfg. of cheese Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Canada approved Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Scientific Protein Labs http://www.splpharma.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Trade Names: Enzeco® Lipase RO 20; Lipase 8; Lipase 16; Lipase 24; Lipase 30 Lipase A Amano 6; Lipase AP12; Lipase AY Amano 30; Lipase DF-DS; Lipase DS Lipase G Amano 50; Lipase M Amano 10; Lipopan 50 BG; Lipopan F BG; Lipopan S BG Newlase F; Noopazyme Trade Names Containing: Enzeco® Esterase/Lipase; Pancreatin 3X USP Powder; Pancreatin 4X USP Granular; Pancreatin 4X USP Powder; Pancreatin 5X USP Powder Pancreatin 6X USP Powder; Pancreatin 8X USP Powder; Pancreatin BP 98; Pancreatin USP 23; Pancrelipase USP Powder SPL Pancreatin 4X USP; SPL Pancreatin 6X USP; SPL Pancreatin 8X USP; SPL Pancrelipase USP Lipoic acid; α-Lipoic acid; α-Liponic acid; Lipothion. See Thioctic acid Lipoxidase CAS 9029-60-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-853-1 Classification: Enzyme Definition: Enzyme from soybean which catalyzes the addition of oxygen to the double Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bonds of unsaturated fatty acids of plant origin Uses: Enzyme which bleaches yel. pigments in flour and whitens bread Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Nutrisoy® 7B Lippia. See Oregano Lippia citriodora; Lippia citriodora extract. See Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) extract Lippia citriodora oil. See Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) oil Liquefied petroleum gas. See Butane; Propane Liquidambar orientalis. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) oil; Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) Liquidambar orientalis oil. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) oil Liquid bleach. See Sodium hypochlorite Liquid camphor. See Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil Liquid paraffin; Liquid petrolatum. See Mineral oil Liquid phenol. See Phenol Liquid rosin. See Tall oil 'Liquid smoke'. See Pyroligneous acid extract Liquid storax. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) Liquorice. See Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Liquorice extract. See Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract Lissamine fast yellow. See Acid yellow 17 Lithium citrate CAS 919-16-4; EINECS/ELINCS 213-045-8 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3propanetricarboxylic acid trilithium salt; Trilithium citrate Empirical: C6H5O7 • 3Li Formula: Li3C6H5O7 • 4H2O Properties: Wh. powd. or granules; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 209.93; m.p. (dec.) Toxicology: Mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Beverages Regulatory: BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; FMC/Lithium http://www.fmclithium.com; 1491

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Lithographic stone. See Calcium carbonate Litholrubin BK. See Litholrubine BK Litholrubine BK CAS 5281-04-9; EINECS/ELINCS 226-109-5 INS180; E180 Synonyms: Brilliant carmine 6B; Brilliant carmine 6BN; CI 15850; 3-Hydroxy-4-[(4methyl-2-sulfophenyl) azo]-2naphthalenecarboxylic acid, calcium salt; 3Hydroxy-4-[(2-sulfo-p-tolyl) azo]-2naphthalenecarboxylic acid, calcium salt (1:1); Litholrubin BK; 2Naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 3-hydroxy-4[(4-methyl-2-sulfophenyl) azo]-, calcium salt (1:1); Pigment red 57; Pigment red 57:1; Red no. 202 Empirical: C18H12CaN2O6S Properties: Red powd.; odorless; insol. in water; m.w. 424.44; bulk dens. 200-240 kg/m3; pH 68.5 (10% slurry) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >2000 mg/kg; acute inh. of dust may cause mechanical irritation to the eyes and resp. tract; not a skin irritant Precaution: Avoid contact with strong oxidizing and reducing agents; avoid breathing dust Uses: Colorant in foods; colorant in edible cheese rind (EU) Regulatory: Delisted in US, Europe; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum CAS 9000-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-541-5 FEMA 2648; INS410; E410 Synonyms: Algaroba; Carob bean gum; Carob flour; Carob gum; Ceratonia; Ceratonia siliqua; Ceratonia siliqua gum; Locust bean gum; Locust gum; St. John's bread Classification: Polysaccharide plant mucilage Definition: Ground seed of the ripe fruit of St. John's Bread (Ceratonia siliqua) Properties: Yel.-grn. powd., odorless, tasteless; swells in cold water; insol. in org. solvs.; visc. increases when heated; m.w. ≈ 310,000 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 13 g/kg; mildly toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, emulsifier, suspending agent, water binder in foods, baked goods, beverages, candy, cheese, fillings, gelatins, ice cream, jams/jellies, pies, puddings, soups, feeds; coffee/chocolate substitute Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.133, 133.134, 133.162, 133.178, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 182.20, 184.1343, BATF 27CFR §240.1051, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL; Europe listed; UK approved; ADI not specified (JECFA) Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AEP Colloids http://www.aepcolloids.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Agrisales Ltd http://www.agriproducts.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Cargill Texturizing Solutions Deutschland http://www.cargilltexturizing.com; Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemcolloids Ltd http://www.chemcolloids.com Colloides Naturels; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GivaudanQuest Int'l. UK; Gumix Int'l.; Healan Ingreds. Ltd http://www.healan.com/ Hercules Ltd; Hercules http://www.herc.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; J.C. Dudley http://www.jcdudley.co.uk/; MultiKem http://www.multikem.com/ Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Valmar http://www.valmarsa.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; WorléeChemie http://www.worlee.de/ Trade Names: Diagum LBG; Grindsted™ LBG; Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100 Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Meyprodyn 200®; Meyprogen®-MP®; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 PROVIgel® CSS 25; PROVIgel® CSS 30; PROVIgel® CSS 300; PROVIgel® CSS 330; PROVIgel® CSS 35 PROVIgel® DPC 6; PROVIgel® DPC 15; PROVIgel® EXC 25; PROVIgel® EXC 30; PROVIgel® EXC 35 PROVIgel® NAC 25; PROVIgel® NAC 30; PROVIgel® NAC 35; TIC Pretested® Locust Bean Gum Clarified Powder; TIC Pretested® Locust Bean Gum POR/A Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Locust Bean Gum Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 550PT Powd.; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Locust Bean Gum Powder Trade Names Containing: Gelcarin® PS 3439; Gelcarin® SQ 3290; Gelcarin® XP 3337; Gelcarin® XP 3435; Gelcarin® XP 3447 Glacier II; Isagum® SB 35 N; Kelgum®; Kelgum® 100; Kelgum® GFS Merecol® FA; Merecol® GL; Merecol® RB; Merecol® RCS; Paniset® Panistay®; SeaGel® FL 644L; TIC Pretested® Caragum 200 Locust bean gum; Locust gum. See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Locust tree extract. See Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract Lovage extract. See Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract

Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract CAS 84837-06-9; 977091-63-6; EINECS/ELINCS 284-292-7 FEMA 2650 Synonyms: Levisticum officinale; Levisticum officinale extract; Levisticum officinale root extract; Lovage extract; Lovage root extract Definition: Extract of the roots of lovage, Levisticum officinale Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, icings, syrups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Lovage (Levisticum officinale) oil CAS 8016-31-7 FEMA 2651 Synonyms: Levisticum officinale; Levisticum officinale oil; Lovage oil; Lovage root oil; Smallage oil; Smellage oil Definition: Volatile oil from steam distillation of fresh root of Levisticum officinale; contains dα-terpineol, butyl dihydrophthalides, butyl tetrahydrophthalides, coumarin, aldehydes, acetic acid, isovaleric acid Properties: Yel.-green-brn. liq., strong odor and taste; sol. in fixed oils; sl. sol. in min. oil; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; dens. 1.0341.057; ref. index 1.536-1.554 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 3400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Lovage oil. See Lovage (Levisticum officinale)

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference oil Lovage root extract. See Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract Lovage root oil. See Lovage (Levisticum officinale) oil Low-erucic acid rapeseed oil. See Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil LTAC. See Laurtrimonium chloride LTDP. See Dilauryl thiodipropionate Lucerne. See Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Lucerne extract. See Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) extract Lupine protein Uses: Dietary fiber, nutrient, protein enrichment in foods; emulsifier, shelf life extender in baked goods; soy or milk protein substitute in meats, sausages; egg substitute in doughs Lurk-in-the-Ditch. See Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) extract Lutein. See Xanthophyll 2,6-Lutidine CAS 108-48-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-587-3 UN 1993; FEMA 3540 Synonyms: 2,6-Dimethylpyridine; α-α´Dimethylpyridine; 2,6-Dimethypyridine; αα´-Lutidine; Pyridine, 2,6-dimethylEmpirical: C7H9N Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., peppermint odor; sol. in water, alcohol, ether; m.w. 107.16; dens. 0.920; f.p. -6 C; b.p. 143-145 C; flash pt. 33 C; ref. index 1.4970 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 400 mg/kg, (skin, guinea pig) 2500 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 1 h) 7500 ppm; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by skin contact; mildly toxic by inh.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Koei Chem. http://www.koeichem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Raschig; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vertellus Specialties http://www.vertellus.com/ α-α´-Lutidine. See 2,6-Lutidine β-Lutidine. See 3-Ethylpyridine Lycopene CAS 502-65-8; EINECS/ELINCS 207-949-1 INS160d; E160d Synonyms: CI 75125; 2,6,10,14,19,23,27,31octamethyldotriaconta2,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,30tridecaene Classification: Carotene Definition: The red pigment of the tomato Empirical: C40H56 Properties: Reddish pigment; water-insol.; sparingly sol. in ethanol; sol. in ether and acetone; freely sol. in chloroform and benzene; m.w. 536.88; m.p. 172-173 C Toxicology: Very toxic by inh., ing., skin contact; severe eye irritant; risk of serious damage to eyes; target organs: liver, kidneys Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store below 0 C Uses: Colorant in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Lyc-O-Mato® 6%; Lyc-O-Mato® 7%; Lyc-O-Mato® 10%; Lyc-O-Mato® 15%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD Trade Names Containing: Caromix® Plus; LycoVit® 10% DC; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG Lye. See Potassium hydroxide; Sodium hydroxide Lys. See L-Lysine Lys-Glu. See L-Lysine L-glutamate Lysine (INCI). See L-Lysine L-Lysine CAS 56-87-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-294-2 Synonyms: α,ε-Diaminocaproic acid; L-α,εDiaminocaproic acid; 2,6-Diaminohexanoic acid; Lys; Lysine (INCI) Classification: Amino acid Definition: Essential amino acid isolated from casein, fibrin, or blood; avail. commercially as 1494

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference the naturally occurring L(+)-enantiomer Empirical: C6H14N2O2 Properties: Wh. need. or hexagonal plates; very sol. in water; very sl. sol. in alcohol; pract. insol. in ether; m.w. 146.19; dens. 1.12; m.p. 215 C (dec.) Toxicology: Mutagen; TSCA listed Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, animal feeds; flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320; Japan approved; FDA approved for parenterals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com BASF http://www.basf.com; Bachem http://bachem.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko USA http://www.kyowausa.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Walton Pharmaceuticals Ltd http://www.wpl.uk.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com L-Lysine L-glutamate CAS 5408-52-6; EINECS/ELINCS 226-474-0 Synonyms: L-Glutamic acid L-lysine salt; LysGlu Empirical: C11H23N3O6 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: H2N(CH2)4CH(NH2)COOH • HOOC(CH2)2CH(NH2)-COOH Properties: M.w. 293.32 Uses: Flavoring agent and nutrient in foods Regulatory: Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Lysine hydrochloride (INCI). See L-Lysine hydrochloride L-Lysine hydrochloride CAS 657-27-2; EINECS/ELINCS 211-519-9 FEMA 3847; INS642 Synonyms: 2,6-Diaminohexanoic acid hydrochloride; Lysine hydrochloride (INCI); Lysine monohydrochloride; L-Lysine monohydrochloride Classification: Amine salt Empirical: C6H14N2O2 • ClH Formula: NH2(CH2)4CH(NH2)COOH • HCl Properties: Wh. powd. or cryst.; odorless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 182.65; m.p. 265-270 C (with decomp.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10 g/kg, (IP, rat) 4019 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of HCl and NOx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent, flavor modifier in foods; essential amino acid for feeds Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.320, limitation 6.4% as free amino acid; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Bachem http://bachem.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra 1495

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.integrachem.com; Interchem http://www.interchem.com Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Lysine monohydrochloride; L-Lysine monohydrochloride. See L-Lysine hydrochloride Lysozyme CAS 9001-63-2 INS1105; E1105 Synonyms: Muramidase Classification: Enzyme Definition: An enzyme occurring naturally in egg white, human tears, saliva, and other body fluids, capable of destroying the cell walls of certain bacteria Properties: Wh. to off-wh. cryst. powd. Uses: Enzyme that attacks the protective cell walls of bacteria, protecting from bacterial infection; enzyme preventing curd bursting in cheese; preservative in foods; antimicrobial agent in the casing for frankfurters and on cooked meat and poultry products; for use in preventing late blowing of cheese caused by the bacterium [l]Clostridium tyrobutyricum[r] during cheese Regulatory: FDA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/ Trade Names Containing: Delvozyme®; Delvozyme® G; Delvozyme® G; Delvozyme® L L-Lyxoascorbic acid. See L-Ascorbic acid MAA. See Albumin macro aggregates Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Macadamia nut oil; Macadamia ternifolia. See Macadamia ternifolia nut oil Macadamia ternifolia nut oil CAS 128497-20-1; 129811-19-4; EINECS/ELINCS 273-313-5 Synonyms: Macadamia nut oil; Macadamia ternifolia; Macadamia ternifolia oil Definition: Fixed oil obtained from the nuts of Macadamia ternifolia Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. clear oil, bland to sl. nutty flavor; sp.gr. 0.910-0.929; iodine no. 70-80; sapon. no. 190-200; ref. index 1.4601.479 Uses: Food ingred. Manuf./Distrib.: Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Floratech Am. http://www.floratech.com Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Oils of Aloha http://www.oilsofaloha.com/; Presperse http://www.presperse.com/ Macadamia ternifolia oil. See Macadamia ternifolia nut oil Mace. See Mace (Myristica fragrans) Mace (Myristica fragrans) CAS 977051-14-1 FEMA 2652 Synonyms: Mace; Myristica fragrans Definition: From Myristica fragrans Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil CAS 8007-12-3; 977051-15-2 FEMA 2653 Synonyms: Fats, nutmeg butter; Mace oil; Mace oleoresin; Macis oil; Myristica fragrans; Myristica fragrans oil; Myristica fragrans oleoresin; Nutmeg oil, expressed Definition: Volatile oil from steam distillation of dried aril of ripe seed of Myristica fragrans Empirical: C7H5ClO Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., nutmeg odor and taste; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; very sol. in hot alcohol, chloroform, ether; m.w. 1496

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 140.57; dens. 0.89; ref. index 1.474; E. Indian: dens. 0.880-0.930; ref. index 1.474-1.488; W. Indian: dens. 0.854-0.880; ref. index 1.4691.480 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3640 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; human systemic effects (arrhythmia, hallucinations, toxic psychosis, flushing of skin, contact dermatitis); large doses may cause epileptiform convulsions and hallucinations; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, bread, cakes, chocolate pudding, fruit salad Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for inhalants, orals; Europe listed (< 1 to 15 ppm safrole levels); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com Mace oleoresin. See Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil; Oleoresin mace Macis oil. See Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil Macrocystis pyrifera. See Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) extract Macrocystis pyriferae. See Kelp Macrocystis pyriferae extract. See Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) extract Macrogol 200. See PEG-4 Macrogol 400. See PEG-8 Macrogol 600. See PEG-12 Macrogol 1540. See PEG-32 Macrogol 4000. See PEG-75 Macrogol 6000. See PEG-150 Macrogol ester 400; Macrogol stearate 400. See PEG-8 stearate Macrogol stearate 2000. See PEG-40 stearate Macrose. See Dextran Madagascar lemongrass oil. See Lemongrass oil West Indian Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Maddrell's salt. See Sodium metaphosphate MAG. See Ammonium glutamate; Ammonium glycyrrhizate Magadi soda. See Sodium sesquicarbonate Magic acid. See Trifluoromethane sulfonic acid Magnesia. See Magnesium oxide Magnesia alba. See Magnesium carbonate hydroxide; Magnesium carbonate Magnesia, calcined; Magnesia, caustic-calcined; Magnesia clinker; Magnesia, dead-burned; Magnesia, fused. See Magnesium oxide Magnesia magma. See Magnesium hydroxide Magnesia oxide fume; Magnesia, sintered; Magnesia usta. See Magnesium oxide Magnesia white. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Magnesite. See Magnesium carbonate Magnesite, caustic-calcined. See Magnesium oxide Magnesium aspartate CAS 1187-91-3 (DL); 2068-80-6 (L); 18962-61-3; EINECS/ELINCS 214-702-1; 218-191-6; 242703-7 Synonyms: Aspartic acid, magnesium salt; DL-Aspartic acid, magnesium salt (2:1); LAspartic acid, magnesium salt (2:1); Magnesium dihydrogen di-L-aspartate Definition: Magnesium salt of aspartic acid Empirical: C4H7NO4 • xMg Formula: [HOOCCHNH2CH2COO–]2Mg++ Uses: Dietary supplement in foods Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; B.I. Chems.; Boehringer Ingelheim http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Stauber Perf. Ingreds. http://www.stauberusa.com; USB Spec. Biochems. http://www.usbweb.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Magnesium biphosphate. See Magnesium phosphate monobasic Magnesium, bis (lactato)-. See Magnesium lactate Magnesium caprate CAS 42966-30-3; EINECS/ELINCS 256-025-4 INS470; E470b 1497

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent, flow aid, lubricant, release agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.863, 175.300 Magnesium caprylate CAS 3386-57-0 INS470; E470b Empirical: C16H30O4Mg • H2O Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; char. soapy odor; m.w. 346.75 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods; magnesium source, caprylic acid source in nutritional foods supplements Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.863, 175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Magnesium carbonate CAS 546-93-0 (anhyd.); 23389-33-5 (hydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 208-915-9 INS504(i); E504 Synonyms: Carbonate magnesium; Carbonic acid magnesium salt; Carbonic acid magnesium salt (1:1); Carbonic acid magnesium salt (2:1); CI 77713; Hydromagnesite; Light magnesium carbonate; Magnesia alba; Magnesite; Magnesium (II) carbonate (1:1); Magnesium carbonate precipitated Classification: Crystalline salt Definition: Basic dehydrated magnesium carbonate or normal hydrated magnesium carbonate; the naturally occurring mineral is magnesite Empirical: CO3 • Mg Properties: Light bulky wh. powd., odorless; sol. in acids; insol. in alcohol, water, NH3; m.w. 84.32; dens. 3.04; bulking value 0.055 gal/lb; oil absorp. 80; dec. 350 C; ref. index 1.52; noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust); nuisance particulate; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with formaldehyde Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Drying agent, alkali, pH control agent, anticaking agent, carrier, color retention agent, antibleaching agent in foods, dry mixes, table salt Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.102, 133.106, 133.111, 133.141, 133.165, 133.181, 133.183, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

133.195, 137.105, 137.155, 137.160, 137.165, 137.170, 137.175, 137.180, 137.185, 163.110, 177.2600, 184.1425, GRAS; Japan approved (0.5% max.); Canada DSL; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Advance Research Chems. http://www.fluoridearc.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Baymag http://www.baymag.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lehmann & Voss http://www.lehvoss.de Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Martin Marietta Magnesia Spec. http://www.magspecialties.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Morton Int'l. http://www.morton.com; 1498

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.rohmhaas.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Premier Chems. http://www.premierchemicals.com/ Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SPI Pharma http://www.spipharma.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names: Magnesium Carbonate 309-S Light; Magnesium Carbonate 320-S Heavy; Magnesium Carbonate 321 Magnesium (II) carbonate (1:1). See Magnesium carbonate Magnesium carbonate basic; Magnesium carbonate basic, heavy. See Magnesium carbonate hydroxide Magnesium carbonate hydroxide CAS 7760-50-1; 12125-28-9; 39409-82-0; 5637872-4 (pentahydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 231851-8; 235-192-7 INS504(ii); E504 Synonyms: Basic magnesium carbonate; Hydromagnesite; Magnesia alba; Magnesium carbonate basic; Magnesium carbonate basic, heavy; Magnesium carbonate pentahydrate; Magnesium hydrogen carbonate; Magnesium hydroxide carbonate; Magnesium hydroxy carbonate; Magnesium, tetrakis [carbonato(2-)] dihydroxypentaClassification: Inorganic basic carbonate Formula: approx. (MgCO3)4 • Mg(OH)2 • 5H2O or Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(MgCO3)3 • Mg(OH)2 • 3H2O or MgCO3 • Mg(OH)2 • H2O Properties: Wh. bulky powd., odorless; sol. in about 3300 parts CO2 -free water; sol. in dil. acids with effervescence; insol. in alcohol; dec. > 700 C releasing CO2; nonflamm. Toxicology: No known acute effects from ing., inh., eye/skin contact Precaution: Reactive with acids HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store container in cool, well-ventilated area Uses: Anticaking agent, flow aid, flour treatment agent, lubricant, release agent, nutrient, pH control agent, processing aid, synergist, color retention aid in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.102, 133.106, 133.111, 133.141, 133.165, 133.181, 133.183, 133.195, 137.105, 155.170, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 177.2600, 184.1425, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Magnesium carbonate pentahydrate. See Magnesium carbonate hydroxide Magnesium carbonate precipitated. See Magnesium carbonate Magnesium caseinate CAS 68409-78-9 Definition: obtained from fresh and pasteurized skimmed milk by acid coagulation of casein Properties: Wh. neutral flavored curd; pH 7.0 + 0.2 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life if stored @ < 25 C and humidity of < 65% Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, magnesium source for foods, nutritional applics.; protein enrichment in infant, convalescent, and geriatric food prods.; coagulant and clarifier in wines; emulsifier, colorant and flavor in coffee creamers; emulsifier and stabilizer in milk shakes and drink bases; shelf-life improver in ice cream; crystallization control agent in candy Trade Names: Magnesium Caseinate S

1499

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Magnesium chloride CAS 7786-30-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-094-6 INS511; E511 Synonyms: Magnesium chloride anhydrous Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: Cl2Mg Formula: MgCl2 Properties: Wh. to opaque gray gran. or flakes; odorless; sol. in water evolving heat; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 95.21; dens. 2.325; m.p. 708 C; b.p. 1412 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2800 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 14 mg/kg; LDLo (IP, rat) 225 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 900 mg/kg; poison by IP and IV routes; mod. toxic by ing., subcut. routes; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; target organs: nerves, kidneys; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Causes steel to rust very rapidly in humid environments Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Deliq., very hygroscopic; store under nitrogen Uses: Color retention agent, firming agent, flavoring agent, tissue softener in foods, raw meat, poultry; isomerization agent in prep. of hops for beer brewing; processing aid, yeast nutrient, tofu coagulant (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.560, 177.1650, 184.1426, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147, limitation ≤ 3% of 0.8 molar sol'n.; Japan approved; Canada DSL; FDA approved for intramuscular injectables, intraocular injectables, ophthalmics; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Advance Research Chems. http://www.fluoridearc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alemark http://www.amsyn.com Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Barker Ind. http://www.barkerind.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com DanChem Tech. http://www.danchem.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ GDL Int'l. http://www.gdlinternational.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Min. R&D http://www.mrdc.com; Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Wah Chang http://www.wahchang.com/ Magnesium chloride anhydrous. See Magnesium chloride Magnesium chloride hexahydrate CAS 7791-18-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-094-6 Formula: MgCl2 • 6H2O Properties: Colorless cryst.; very sol. in water; sol. in ethanol; m.w. 203.31; dens. 1.569; m.p. 118 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8.1 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 775 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rat) 176 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; irritant; mutagen; target organs: nerves, kidneys Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– 1500

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Deliq.; hygroscopic; keep well closed; store @ R.T. Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, nutrient supplement in foods, infant formulas Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §184.1426, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Magnesium citrate CAS 7779-25-1; 3344-18-1 INS345 Synonyms: Citric acid, magnesium salt; 1,2,3Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, magnesium salt Empirical: C6H8O7 • xMg Uses: pH control agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AMT Labs http://www.amtlabs.net; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Am. Ingreds. Inc http://www.amer-ing.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Arrow http://www.arrowchemical.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; B.I. Chems.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com Belmont Chems. http://www.belmontchemicals.com; Boehringer Ingelheim http://www.boehringer-ingelheim.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; CPB Int'l. http://www.cpbweb.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jost http://www.jostchemical.com; Kemira ChemSolutions BV http://www.kemira.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mays http://www.mayschem.com/ Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nat'l. Biochems. http://www.nationalbiochem.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmline http://www.pharmlineinc.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stauber Perf. Ingreds. http://www.stauberusa.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Gadolin Magnesium; Gadomag+ Trade Names Containing: Gado Multimin Magnesium citrate dibasic CAS 144-23-0 Synonyms: Acid magnesium citrate Empirical: C6H6MgO2 • 2H2O (dihydrate) Properties: Wh. or sl. yel. gran. or powd.; odorless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 232.43 (dihydrate) HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp Magnesium cyclamate CAS 7757-85-9 Uses: Artificial sweetener prohibited in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§189.135; GRAS delisted; prohibited in foods Magnesium digluconate. See Magnesium gluconate Magnesium diglutamate. See Magnesium glutamate Magnesium dihydrogen di-L-aspartate. See Magnesium aspartate Magnesium dihydrogen phosphate. See 1501

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Magnesium phosphate monobasic Magnesium dilaurate. See Magnesium laurate Magnesium dipalmitate. See Magnesium palmitate Magnesium distearate. See Magnesium stearate Magnesium dodecanoate. See Magnesium laurate Magnesium fumarate CAS 7704-71-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-724-7 Synonyms: Fumaric acid, magnesium salt Empirical: C4H3O4 • Mg Properties: M.w. 139.38 Toxicology: LDLo (oral, mouse) 1394 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.350 Manuf./Distrib.: Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Magnesium gluconate CAS 3632-91-5 (anhyd.); 59625-89-7 (dihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 222-848-2 INS580 Synonyms: D-Gluconic acid magnesium salt; D-Gluconic acid, magnesium salt (2:1); Magnesium digluconate; Magnesium Dgluconate Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Magnesium salt of gluconic acid Empirical: C12H22MgO14 Formula: (C6H11O7)2Mg Properties: Wh. powd. or fine need., odorless; almost tasteless; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 414.61 (anhyd.), 450.64 (dihydrate); flash pt. > 100 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 321 mg/kg; poison by IV route; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Mineral source, dietary supplement, pH control agent, firming agent in foods; animal feed additive Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; ACTA Pharmacal; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Glucona Am.; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Shan Par Ind. http://www.shanpar.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Gluconal® MG-P Magnesium D-gluconate. See Magnesium gluconate Magnesium glutamate CAS 18543-68-5 INS625; E625 Synonyms: Glutamate magnesium; Magnesium diglutamate; Monomagnesium di-L-glutamate tetrahydrate Empirical: C10H16MgN208 • 4H20 Properties: Wh. or off-wh. crystals or powd.; odorless; m.w. 388.62; very sol. in water; insol. in ethanol Uses: Flavor enhancer in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Dr. Paul Lohmann http://www.lohmann4minerals.com Magnesium hexadecanoate. See Magnesium palmitate Magnesium hydrate. See Magnesium hydroxide Magnesium hydrogen carbonate. See Magnesium carbonate hydroxide Magnesium hydrogen metasilicate. See Talc 1502

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Magnesium hydrogen phosphate. See Magnesium phosphate dibasic Magnesium hydroxide CAS 1309-42-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-170-3 INS528; E528 Synonyms: Brucite; Magnesia magma; Magnesium hydrate; Milk of magnesia Classification: Inorganic base Empirical: H2MgO2 Formula: Mg(OH)2 Properties: Wh. amorphous powd. or colorless hexagonal cryst., odorless; sol. in sol'n. of ammonium salts and dilute acids; almost insol. in water and alcohol; m.w. 58.33; dens. 2.36; m.p. 350 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8500 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 2780 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; human systemic effects (general depressed activity, coma); toxic when inhaled; harmless to skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Noncombustible; incompat. with maleic anhydride HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Alkali, nutrient supplement, color retention agent, drying agent, pH control agent, processing aid in foods, frozen desserts; sugar refining Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §155.170, 176.180, 176.210, 184.1428, GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com AluChem http://www.aluchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; AmeriBrom http://www.ameribrom.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com Baymag http://www.baymag.com; Boscogen http://www.boscogen.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.dow.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; GDL Int'l. http://www.gdlinternational.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; GeorgiaPacific/Actrachem http://www.gp.com/chemical Giles http://www.gileschemical.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.W.S. Delavau http://www.delavau.com/; Kyowa Hakko USA http://www.kyowausa.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Martin Marietta Magnesia Spec. http://www.magspecialties.com; Morton Int'l. http://www.morton.com; http://www.rohmhaas.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Omya UK http://www.omya.co.uk/web/omya_uk.nsf/H omePage_Lang1?OpenForm&omya_langid =1&omya_navid=0000; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Reheis http://www.reheis.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SPI Pharma http://www.spipharma.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tetra http://www.tetrachemicals.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Zinkan Enterprises http://www.zinkan.com Trade Names: Idromag® ERB; Idromag® ERM; Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S7 Light; Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S9 Medium; Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S12 Heavy Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S Xtra Light; Marinco® H Magnesium hydroxide carbonate; Magnesium hydroxy carbonate. See Magnesium 1503

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference carbonate hydroxide Magnesium-L-2-hydroxy propionate. See Magnesium lactate Magnesium lactate CAS 18917-93-6; 26867-84-5 INS329 Synonyms: Bis (lactato) magnesium; Lactic acid, magnesium salt; Magnesium, bis (lactato)-; Magnesium-L-2-hydroxy propionate Empirical: C6H10O6 • Mg Formula: Mg(CH3CHOHCOO)2 • 2H2O Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. 5.2 g/100 ml water; m.w. 202.47 (anhyd.) Toxicology: LDLo (IV, mouse) 45 mg/kg; poison by IV route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of magnesium Uses: Nutrient supplement, pH control agent, flour treatment agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Puramex® MG Magnesium laurate CAS 4040-48-6 INS470; E470b Synonyms: Dodecanoic acid, magnesium salt; Lauric acid, magnesium salt; Magnesium dilaurate; Magnesium dodecanoate Classification: Carboxylic acid salt Empirical: C24H46MgO4 Properties: Solid; m.w. 422.925 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863; Canada DSL Magnesium myristate CAS 4086-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 223-817-6 INS470; E470b Synonyms: Myristic acid, magnesium salt; Tetradecanoic acid, magnesium salt Definition: Magnesium salt of myristic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C14H28O2 • ½Mg Formula: [CH3(CH2)12COO]–2Mg++ Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 178.3910; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Magnesium octadecanoate. See Magnesium stearate Magnesium oleate CAS 1555-53-9 INS470; E470b Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com Magnesium oxide CAS 1309-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-171-9 INS530; E530 Synonyms: Calcined magnesia; Calcined magnesite; Deadburned magnesite; Magnesia; Magnesia, calcined; Magnesia, caustic-calcined; Magnesia clinker; Magnesia, dead-burned; Magnesia, fused; Magnesia oxide fume; Magnesia, sintered; Magnesia usta; Magnesite, causticcalcined; Magnesium oxide fume; Periclase; Seawater magnesia; White charcoal Classification: Inorganic oxide Definition: Inorganic salt of magnesium Empirical: MgO Properties: Wh. powd. or cryst., odorless; sol. in dil. acids, ammonium salt sol'ns.; very sl. sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 40.31; dens. 3.65-3.75; bulking value 0.034 gal/lb; oil absorp. 70; m.p. 2800 C; b.p. 3600 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA (as magnesium) 10 mg/m3 (fume); TCLo (inh., human) 400 mg/m3; toxic by inhalation of fume; can cause febrile reaction and leukocytosis in humans; irritating to eyes and respiratory system; equivocal tumorigen; questionable carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Noncombustible; violent reaction or ignition with interhalogens; incandescent reaction with phosphorus pentachloride Storage: Moisture-sensitive Uses: Alkali, pH control agent, anticaking 1504

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference agent, flow aid, firming agent, lubricant, release agent, neutralizer, nutrient in foods, infant formulas; processing aid in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §155.170, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1460, 177.1680, 177.2260, 177.2400, 177.2600, 178.1010, 178.3297, 184.1431, GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan restricted; Europe listed; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; AluChem http://www.aluchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Baymag http://www.baymag.com Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GDL Int'l. http://www.gdlinternational.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.W.S. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Delavau http://www.delavau.com/; K3 http://k3corp.com/ Lehmann & Voss http://www.lehvoss.de; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Martin Marietta Magnesia Spec. http://www.magspecialties.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Morton Int'l. http://www.morton.com; http://www.rohmhaas.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Premier Chems. http://www.premierchemicals.com/; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com Southeastern Mins. http://www.seminerals.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tetra http://www.tetrachemicals.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names: Magnesium Oxide 310-FCC Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-S Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-SGR Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-SH Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 311-S Light Magox® Feed Grade; Magox® Feed Grade 100; Magox® Sugar Grade; Marinco® OH Trade Names Containing: Export Mineral Blend with TCP Magnesium oxide fume. See Magnesium oxide

1505

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Magnesium palmitate CAS 2601-98-1; EINECS/ELINCS 220-010-0 INS470; E470b Synonyms: Hexadecanaoic acid, magnesium salt; Magnesium dipalmitate; Magnesium hexadecanoate Definition: Magnesium salt of palmitic acid Empirical: C16H32O2 • ½Mg Formula: Mg(C16H31O2)2 Properties: Cryst. needles or wh. lumps; insol. in water and alcohol; m.p. 121.5 C Precaution: Combustible Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 178.3910 Magnesium phosphate. See Magnesium phosphate tribasic Magnesium phosphate dibasic CAS 7757-86-0; 7782-75-4 (trihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 231-823-5 INS343(ii) Synonyms: Dimagnesium monohydrogen monophosphate; Dimagnesium orthophosphate; Dimagnesium phosphate; DMP/T; Magnesium hydrogen phosphate; Magnesium phosphate secondary; Secondary magnesium phosphate Empirical: HMgO4P • nH2O (n = 0-3) Formula: MgHPO4 (anhyd.), MgHPO4 • 3H2O (trihydrate) Properties: Anhyd.: m.w. 120.29; Trihydrate: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; sol. in dil. acid; sl. sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 174.33; dens. 2.13; dec. 550-650 C Toxicology: Nuisance dust Precaution: Nonflamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, pH control agent, anticaking agent in foods; plasticizer, stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 181.27, 181.29, 184.1434, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Barrington Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.barringtonchem.com Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Jost http://www.jostchemical.com Kaltron/Pettibone http://www.kaltron.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Rasa Ind. http://www.rasa.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stauber Perf. Ingreds. http://www.stauberusa.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Mag-nificent Magnesium phosphate monobasic CAS 13092-66-5; EINECS/ELINCS 236-004-6 INS343(i) Synonyms: Acid magnesium phosphate; Magnesium biphosphate; Magnesium dihydrogen phosphate; Magnesium tetrahydrogen phosphate; Monomagnesium dihydrogen monophosphate; Monomagnesium orthophosphate; Monomagnesium phosphate; Primary magnesium phosphate Empirical: H4MgO8P2 • nH2O (n = 0-4) Formula: Mg(H2PO4)2 (anhyd.), MgH4(PO4)2 • 2H2O (dihydrate) Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; sol. in acids; sl. sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 218.28 (anhyd.) Precaution: Nonflamm. Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: pH control agent, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Min. R&D http://www.mrdc.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Magnesium phosphate neutral. See Magnesium phosphate tribasic 1506

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Magnesium phosphate secondary. See Magnesium phosphate dibasic Magnesium phosphate tertiary. See Magnesium phosphate tribasic Magnesium phosphate tribasic CAS 7757-87-1 (anhyd.); 10233-87-1 (pentahydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 231-824-0 INS342(iii) Synonyms: Magnesium phosphate; Magnesium phosphate neutral; Magnesium phosphate tertiary; Phosphoric acid magnesium salt (2:3); Tertiary magnesium phosphate; Trimagnesium bis (orthophosphate); Trimagnesium orthophosphate; Trimagnesium phosphate Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: Mg3O8P2 (anhyd.) Formula: Mg3(PO4)2 • xH2O, x = 4, 5, or 8 Properties: Wh. soft, bulky powd., odorless, tasteless; sol. in acids; insol. in ethanol; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 262.86 (anhyd.) Toxicology: Nuisance dust Precaution: Nonflamm. Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, pH control agent, anticaking agent in foods, infant formulas; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 181.22, 181.29, 184.1434, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Amber Syn. http://www.amsyn.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Jost http://www.jostchemical.com; Kaltron/Pettibone http://www.kaltron.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Magnesium phosphide CAS 12057-74-8 UN 2011 (DOT) Empirical: Mg3P2 Properties: Yel. cryst.; m.w. 134.87 Toxicology: LCLo (inh., rat, 1 h) 580 ppm; poison; mod. toxic by inh.; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; reacts with water to evolve flamm. phosphine gas; ignites when heated in chlorine, bromine, or iodine vapors; incandescent reaction with nitric Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx and phosphine Storage: Moisture-sensitive Uses: Fumigant for processed foods Regulatory: FDA 40CFR §185.3800 (to generate phosphine in processed foods) Manuf./Distrib.: Simag Chems. http://www.simagchem.com/ Magnesium silicate CAS 1343-88-0; EINECS/ELINCS 215-681-1 INS553(i); E553a Synonyms: Silicic acid, magnesium salt (1:1) Classification: Inorganic salt of variable composition Definition: Compd. of magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide with molar ratio approx. 2:5 Empirical: MgO • SiO2 • xH2O Properties: Wh. fine effervescent powd., odorless, tasteless; insol. in water, alcohol; decomp. by acids; pH 7-10.8 (10% aq. susp.) Toxicology: Toxic by inhalation; use in foods restricted to 2% Precaution: Noncombustible Uses: Anticaking agent in table salt; adsorbent in foods; release agent in some European countries for bread, baked goods, and confectionery; glazing agent, polishing agent, release agent in sweets; dusting agent for chewing gum; coating agent for rice; bleaching agent for animal and vegetable oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.179, 169.182, 182.2437 (2% max.), GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Celite http://www.worldminerals.com/celite.html; Charles B. Chrystal http://www.cbchrystal.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de Luzenac Am. http://www.luzenac.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; 1507

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; PQ http://www.pqcorp.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Southern Clay Prods. http://www.scprod.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp Magnesium silicate hydrate CAS 1343-90-4 Empirical: Mg2O8Si3 • H2O Properties: Wh. fine powd., odorless, tasteless; insol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 278.91 Toxicology: Human skin irritant Uses: Anticaking agent, filter aid in table salt Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.2437, GRAS, limitation 2% in table salt Magnesium stearate CAS 557-04-0; EINECS/ELINCS 209-150-3 INS470; E470b Synonyms: Dibasic magnesium stearate; Magnesium distearate; Magnesium octadecanoate; Octadecanoic acid, magnesium salt; Stearic acid, magnesium salt Classification: Sat. aliphatic carboxylic acid salt Definition: Magnesium salt of stearic acid Empirical: C36H70MgO4 Formula: [CH3(CH2)16COO]2Mg Properties: Wh. soft oily powd., tasteless, odorless; insol. in water, alcohol, ether; dec. by dilute acids; m.w. 591.27; dens. 1.028; m.p. 88.5 C (pure) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg (@ 25%); sl. toxic by ing.; ing. may cause vomiting; inh. of high concs. of dust may cause coughing and mild temporary irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible dust; may form explosive dust-air mixts.; incompat. with acids (reacts vigorously) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and toxic fumes Storage: Store in cool area away from ignition sources Uses: Anticaking agent, binder, emulsifier, lubricant, release agent, nutrient supplement, processing aid, stabilizer, filter aid, defoamer in foods, candy, mint, gum; stabilizer migrating from food pkg.; release Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

agent for bread in some European countries; in defoamers for beet sugar, yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 173.340; 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 178.3910, 179.45, 181.22, 181.29, 184.1440, GRAS; Canada DSL; must conform to FDA specs for salts of fats or fatty acids derived from edible oils; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for buccals, parenterals, orals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com Cometals; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eigenmann & Veronelli http://www.eigver.it; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com Fallek; Ferro http://www.ferro.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; James M. Brown Ltd http://www.jamesmbrown.co.uk; JanssenCilag http://www.janssen-cilag.nl/; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com 1508

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; NOF Am.; Norac http://www.norac.com/ Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; San Yuan; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Magnesium Stearate 2311-G; Magnesium Stearate NF FGD; Synpro® Magnesium Stearate Food Grade (Kosher); Synpro® Magnesium Stearate NF Veg. Magnesium sulfate (1:1). See Magnesium sulfate anhydrous Magnesium sulfate anhydrous CAS 7487-88-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-298-2 INS518 Synonyms: Epsom salts; Magnesium sulfate (1:1); Magnesium sulphate; Sulfuric acid magnesium salt (1:1) Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: O4S • Mg Formula: MgSO4 Properties: Colorless crystals, odorless, saline bitter taste; sol. in water; slowly sol. in glycerin; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 120.37; dens. 2.65; dec. at 1124 C Toxicology: LDLo (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 48 mg/kg; LD50 (subcut., rat) 1200 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ing., IP, subcut. routes; human systemic effects; potential adverse reactions incl. drowsiness, depressed reflexes, paralysis, low blood pressure, circulatory collapse; experimental teratogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Noncombustible; potentially explosive when heated with ethoxyethynyl alcohols Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Firming agent, nutrient, dietary supplement, flavor enhancer, processing aid, fermentation aid in foods; animal feed additive; fermentation aid, yeast nutrient, tofu coagulant (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1443, GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adheswara Chems. Pvt. Ltd.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de Brøste http://www.broste.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Giles http://www.gileschemical.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Miljac 1509

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.miljac.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com PQ http://www.pqcorp.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Southern Ionics http://www.southernionics.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk; Xiamen Topusing http://www.topusing.com Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate CAS 10034-99-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-298-8 INS518 Synonyms: Bitter salts; Epsom salts; Sulfuric acid, magnesium salt (1:1) heptahydrate Empirical: MgO4S • 7H2O Formula: MgSO4 • 7H2O Properties: Efflorescent cryst. or powd., bitter saline cooling taste; sol. 71 g/100 ml in water (20 C); sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 246.48; dens. 1.670; pH 6-7; loses water of cryst. above 150 C Toxicology: TDLo (oral, man, 4 h intermittent) 183 mg/kg; mod. toxic by several routes; parenteral use or use in presence of renal insufficiency, may lead to magnesium intoxication; target organs: nerves, GI system HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep well closed; store @ R.T. Uses: Flavor enhancer, nutrient, dietary supplement, processing aid, firming agent in foods, beer-making Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §184.1443, GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Giles http://www.gileschemical.com/; HallStar http://www.cphall.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk; Xiamen Topusing http://www.topusing.com Magnesium sulphate. See Magnesium sulfate anhydrous Magnesium tetrahydrogen phosphate. See Magnesium phosphate monobasic Magnesium, tetrakis [carbonato(2-)] dihydroxypenta-. See Magnesium carbonate hydroxide Magnesium trisilicate CAS 14987-04-3 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 239076-7 INS553(ii); E553a Synonyms: Dimagnesium trisilicate; Silicic acid, magnesium salt (1:2) Classification: Inorg. compd. Empirical: H4O8Si3 • 2Mg Formula: 2MgO • 3SiO2 • xH2O Properties: Wh. fine powd., odorless, tasteless; insol. in water, alcohol; readily dec. by min. acids; m.w. 260.86 (anhyd.); noncombustible Toxicology: TSCA listed Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Anticaking agent, dusting powd. in foods Regulatory: FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com Cambrex Charles City http://www.cambrex.com/Content/About/Lo cations.class; EMD Chems. 1510

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/ INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Magnetite. See Iron oxide black Maidenhair fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris) extract CAS 84649-72-9; EINECS/ELINCS 283-457-0 Synonyms: Adiantum capillus veneris; Adiantum capillus veneris extract; Adiantum pedatum extract; Maidenhair fern extract Definition: Extract of leaves of the maidenhair fern, Adiantum capillus-veneris Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Maidenhair fern extract. See Maidenhair fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris) extract Maize gluten; Maize gluten meal. See Corn (Zea mays) meal Maize oil. See Corn (Zea mays) oil Maize protein. See Corn protein Maize starch. See Corn (Zea mays) starch Maize starch, pregelatinized. See Corn starch, pregelatinized Majorana hortensis; Majorana hortensis oil. See Marjoram (Majorana hortensis) oil MAK. See Methyl n-amyl ketone Maleic anhydride-diisobutylene copolymer, sodium salt. See Sodium polycarboxylate Malic acid (INCI). See N-Hydroxysuccinic acid DL-Malic acid diethyl ester. See Diethyl DLmalate Malic acid, 3-hydroxy-. See L-Tartaric acid Malonic acid butyl ethyl ester. See Butyl ethyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

malonate Malonic acid, t-butyl ethyl ester. See t-Butyl ethyl malonate Malonic acid, diethyl ester; Malonic ester. See Diethyl malonate Malt CAS 977023-73-6 Definition: Yel. or amber-colored grains of barley which have been partially germinated Properties: Char. odor and taste; sol. in water, ethanol; insol. in veg. oil Uses: Colorant for brewing, malted milk, similar food prods., extract of malt (with 10% glycerol) Features: Produces brown shades Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.725, 184.1443a; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: ADM http://www.admworld.com; Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com Malt Prods. http://www.maltproducts.com; Pure Malt Prods. Ltd http://www.puremalt.com Trade Names Containing: CDC-79; Flo-Malt®; Golden Gate Sour; Uni-Malt Maltase. See α-Glucosidase Malt extract CAS 8002-48-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-310-9 Synonyms: Maltine; Malt syrup Definition: Dark syrup obtained by evaporating an aq. extract of partially germinated and dried barley seeds; derived from Hordeum vulgare; contains dextrin, maltose, a little glucose, and an amylolytic enzyme Properties: Lt. brown, visc. liq., sweet; sol. in cold water; dens. 1.35-1.43 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Nutritive sweetener, emulsifier, flavoring agent, adjuvant, colorant, enzyme, humectant, stabilizer, thickener, texturizer in foods, cured meat, poultry, vanilla and chocolate flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 131.112, 131.170, 131.200, 131.203, 131.206, 131.111, 133.124, 133.178, 133.179, 184.1445, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, limitation 2.5% in cured meats, 381.147; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: Briess Malting 1511

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.briess.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Cognis http://www.cognis.de; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com; Glorybee Natural Sweeteners http://www.glorybee.com/glorybee/Index.ht ml J.W. Pike Ltd; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; MLG Enterprises; Malt Prods. http://www.maltproducts.com; Novartis Pharma http://www.pharma.us.novartis.com Pure Malt Prods. Ltd http://www.puremalt.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Maltoferm® 10001; Maltoferm® 10001 VDK; Maltoferm® A-6001; NonDiastatic Malt Syrup #40600 Trade Names Containing: Lemalta Flavor®; Sweet'N'Neat® 7000 Dry Malt Flakes Maltin. See Diastase Maltine. See Malt extract Maltitol CAS 585-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-567-0 INS965; E965i Synonyms: 4-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-Dglucitol; 4-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucitol; 4-O-α-Glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol Definition: Disaccharide polyol obtained by hydrogenation of maltose Empirical: C12H24O11 Properties: Liq., cryst.; easily sol. in water; m.w. 344.32; m.p. 149-152 C; very stable at different pH conditions and temps. Toxicology: LD50 (oral) > 24 g/kg; low acute toxicity; nonmutagenic; nonteratogenic Uses: Nutritive sweetener, stabilizer, emulsifier in foods; base for medicated hard boiled candies and chewing gums Features: Noncariogenic; 60% of sucrose (liq.), 90% of sucrose (crystalline) Regulatory: BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar http://www.cargill.com/; Danisco Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Roquette Am. http://www.roquette.fr; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Amalty®; C*Maltidex CH 16385; C*Maltidex L 16303; C*Maltidex M 16311; Finmalt L Lycasin®; Lycasin® HBC; Maltisorb® 75/75; Maltisweet™ 3145; Maltisweet™ 6580 Maltisweet™ 6585; Maltisweet™ B; Maltisweet™ CM 40; Maltisweet™ CM 100; Maltisweet™ IC Maltisweet™ M95; Maltisweet™ MH65; Maltisweet™ MH80; Mannogem™ Trade Names Containing: C*IsoMaltidex LQ; Hystar® 5885; Maltisweet™ CM 9820; Maltisweet™ CM Fines; Stabilite™ 1 Stabilite™ SD30; Stabilite™ SD60 Maltobiose. See Maltose Maltodextrin CAS 9050-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-940-4 Classification: Saccharide Definition: Saccharide material obtained by hydrolysis of starch; consists of D-glucose units with a DE < 20 Empirical: (C6H10O5)n Properties: Wh. powd. or sol'n.; sol. in water; pract. insol. in anhyd. alcohol; m.p. 240 C (dec.); pH 4-7 (20%) Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Nutrient, carrier, bulking agent, absorbent, bodying agent, crystallization inhibitor, texturizer, anticaking agent, formulation aid, processing aid, stabilizer, surf.-finishing agent in foods, candy, crackers, puddings; carrier for flavors Features: Nonsweet; nutritive polymer Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland 1512

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.ashchem.com; Avebe http://www.avebe.com Avebe http://www.avebe.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Clofine Dairy & Food Prods. http://www.clofinedairy.com; Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. UK; Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com; Roquette UK; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sweeteners Plus http://www.sweetenersplus.com; Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: ADM Clintose® CR 10; ADM Clintose® CR 15; ADM Clintose® CR 18; Avebe MD 20; Glucidex 6 D Glucidex 9; Glucidex 12 D; Glucidex 17 D; Glucidex 19 D; Glucidex 29 D Glucidex® IT6; Glucidex® IT8; Glucidex® IT12; Glucidex® IT19; Maldex 150 Maldex 180; Maldex G 180; Maltrin® M040; Maltrin® M050; Maltrin® M100 Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Maltrin® M510; Maltrin® M520; Maltrin® M700 Maltrin® QD M440; Maltrin® QD M500; Maltrin® QD M550; Maltrin® QD M580; MD 1210 MD 1225; MD 1710; MD 1910; National® DSR; N-Lite® D Novelose® 330; Star-Dri® 1; Star-Dri® 5; Star-Dri® 10; Star-Dri® 15 Star-Dri® 18; Star-Dri® 150; Star-Dri® 180; Star-Dri® 1005A; Star-Dri® 1015A Trade Names Containing: Activa™ TG-RM; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Activa™ TG-SF; Activa™ TG-TI; ADM Clintose CR 24; BV 40 Calci-Press™ MD; DEXSTAR™ Agglomerated Dextrose; Fat Replacer 785; Hentex-12; HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder Insta*Starch® 10/70 SH; Insta*Thick® CMC 10(12) HS; Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® X-10; N-Surance™ Sta-Lite® 318; Sweet'n'Neat® 50; Sweet'n'Neat® 65; Sweet'n'Neat® Tack Blend X; Teriyaki Sauce Powder 7028 Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X Decolorized; Viscarin® XP 3399; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel WFG HS 73 Maltol CAS 118-71-8; EINECS/ELINCS 204-271-8 FEMA 2656; INS636 Synonyms: 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4one; 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyrone; 3Hydroxy-2-methyl-γ-pyrone; Larixic acid; Larixinic acid; 2-Methyl-3-hydroxy-4pyrone; 2-Methyl-3-oxy-γ-pyrone; 2-Methyl pyromeconic acid Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C6H6O3 Formula: CH3C5H2O(O)(OH) Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., fragrant caramellike odor; sol. 1 g/85 ml water; freely sol. in hot water, chloroform; sol. in alcohol; sparingly sol. in benzene, ether, petroleum ether; m.w. 126.11; m.p. 160-162 C; flash pt. (TCC) > 140 F; begins to sublime @ 93 C; pH 5.3 (0.5% aq.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2330 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 820 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP, and subcut. routes; skin irritant; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Volatile with steam Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance/flavor enhancer/modifier in foods, bakery prods. Features: Chocolate flavor; imparts freshly baked odor and flavor to bread and cakes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA 1513

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Abaco http://www.abacoinc.net/; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Belmont Chems. http://www.belmontchemicals.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. USA http://www.takasago.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Maltol isobutyrate. See Maltyl isobutyrate Maltol propionate. See Maltyl propionate Maltonic acid. See D-Gluconic acid Maltose CAS 69-79-4 (anhyd.); 6363-53-7 (monohydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 200-716-5 Synonyms: 4-(α-d-Glucopyranosido)-αHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

glucopyranose; 4-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-Dglucose; 4-(α-d-Glucosido)-d-glucose; Maltobiose; d-Maltose; Malt sugar; α-Malt sugar Classification: Malt sugar, an isomer of cellobiose Definition: Avail. commercially as the monohydrate Empirical: C12H22O11; C12H22O11 • H2O Properties: Anhyd.: Colorless cryst.; very sol. in water; very sl. sol. in cold alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 342.31; dens. 1.540 (17 C); m.p. 102-103 C (dec.); Monohydrate: Colorless cryst.; hygroscopic; sol. in water, sl. sol. in alcohol; pract. insol. in ether; m.w. 360.32; m.p. 102-103 C; about one-third as sweet as sucrose Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 34,800 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 30,600 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 15,300 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 38,600 mg/kg; no known toxicity; experimental teratogen, reproductive effector; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Nutrient, sweetener, bulking agent in foods; fermentable intermediate in brewing Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §131.112, 131.170, 131.200, 131.203, 131.206, 133.124, 133.178, 133.179; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Biorganics; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Briess Malting http://www.briess.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl; Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kaden Biochems. http://www.kadenbio.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com 1514

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ragus Sugars http://www.ragus.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SPI Pharma http://www.spipharma.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Trade Names: Satin Sweet® 55% Maltose Corn Syrup; Satin Sweet® 65% Maltose Corn Syrup; Satin Sweet® 70% Maltose Corn Syrup; Sunmalt; Sunmalt™ S Trade Names Containing: ADM Clintose CR 24; Cargill Dry GL™ 01920; Cargill Dry GL™ 01925; Cargill Dry GL™ 01938; Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01918; Cargill Dry MD 01956 Cargill Dry MD 01960; Clearbrew® 43% IX High Maltose Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 53/44 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 60/43 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 60/44 IX Liquid Adjunct Clearbrew® 60/44 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 63/43 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 63/44 Liquid Adjunct d-Maltose. See Maltose Maltotriose CAS 1109-28-0; EINECS/ELINCS 214-174-2 Synonyms: Amylotriose; O-α-DGlucopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-α-Dglucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucose Classification: Maltooligosaccharide Empirical: C18H32O16 Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; sol. in water; m.w. 504.45; m.p. 132-135 C; combustible Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agent Storage: Keep under argon Uses: Gelling agent, sweetener, and visc. modifier in food Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trade Names Containing: Cargill Dry GL™ 01920; Cargill Dry GL™ 01925; Cargill Dry GL™ 01938; Cargill Dry GL™ 01939; Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01918; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 Clearbrew® 43% IX High Maltose Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 53/44 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 60/43 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 60/44 IX Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 60/44 Liquid Adjunct Clearbrew® 63/43 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 63/44 Liquid Adjunct Malt sugar; α-Malt sugar. See Maltose Malt syrup. See Malt extract Maltyl isobutyrate CAS 65416-14-0; EINECS/ELINCS 265-755-2 FEMA 3462 Synonyms: Maltol isobutyrate Empirical: C10H12O4 Properties: Pale yel. liq.; m.w. 196.20; dens. 1.149; b.p. 176.00 C @ 7.00 mm; flash pt. > 230 F Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings, preserves, spreads, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Maltyl propionate CAS 68555-63-5; EINECS/ELINCS 271-440-0 FEMA 3941 Synonyms: Maltol propionate; 4H-Pyran-4one, 2-methyl-3-(1-oxopropoxy)-; 4H-Pyran4-one, 2-methyl-3-(1-oxypropoxy)-; Veltol propionate Empirical: C9H10O4 Properties: Solid; aramel-like fruity strawberry odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 182.18; sp.gr. 1.190-1.200; m.p. 39-48 C; b.p. 153 C (1 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 93 C; ref. index 1.502-1.512 (20 C) Toxicology: May be irritating to skin and eyes; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, 1515

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ground- and surf. water Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area; keep away from ignition sources and naked flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; DOT nonregulated; AICS, DSL listed Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Mandarin oil; Mandarin oil, coldpressed; Mandarin oil, expressed. See Mandarin orange oil Mandarin orange extract. See Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) extract Mandarin orange oil CAS 8008-31-9; 84696-35-5 FEMA 2657 Synonyms: Citrus nobilis; Citrus nobilis oil; Citrus reticulata; Citrus reticulata oil; Mandarin oil; Mandarin oil, coldpressed; Mandarin oil, expressed; Orange mandarin oil; Tangerine oil Definition: Oil expressed from the peel of the mandarin orange, Citrus reticulata or C. nobilis Properties: Clear orange to brn.-orange liq., orange odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin; dens. 0.846; ref. index 1.473-1.477 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, soft drinks, confectionery, other natural fruit flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed, no restrictions; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; J.C. Dudley http://www.jcdudley.co.uk/; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com See also Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) oil Mandarin petitgrain oil. See Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) oil Manganese chloride (ous), tetrahydrate CAS 13446-34-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-869-6 Synonyms: Manganese chloride tetrahydrate; Manganese (II) chloride tetrahydrate; Manganese dichloride tetrahydrate; Manganous chloride tetrahydrate Empirical: Cl2Mn • 4H2O Formula: MnCl2 • 4H2O Properties: Pink translucent cryst.; sol. in 0.7 part water, sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 197.91; dens. 2.01; m.p. 58 C; pH 5.5 (0.2 molar aq.); noncombustible Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1484 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 138 mg/kg; toxic; poison by IP and parenteral routes; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; mutagen; experimental reproductive effector; target organs: nerves, lungs; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– Storage: Hygroscopic; sl. deliq.; keep well closed; refrigerate Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, in infant formulas, animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1446, 582.80, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com 1516

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manganese chloride tetrahydrate; Manganese (II) chloride tetrahydrate. See Manganese chloride (ous), tetrahydrate Manganese citrate. See Manganese citrate (ous) Manganese citrate (ous) CAS 10024-66-5 Synonyms: Manganese citrate; Manganous citrate Empirical: C12H10Mn3O14 Formula: Mn3(C6H5O7)2 Properties: Pale orange or pinkish wh. powd.; sol. in water in presence of sodium citrate; m.w. 543.02 Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, baked goods, nonalcoholic beverages, dairy prods., fish prods., meat prods., milk prods., poultry prods., infant formulas; feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1449, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Manganese dichloride tetrahydrate. See Manganese chloride (ous), tetrahydrate Manganese gluconate CAS 6485-39-8; EINECS/ELINCS 229-350-4 Synonyms: Bis (D-gluconato-O1,O2) manganese; Gluconic acid, manganese salt (2:1); Manganese (II) gluconate Definition: Manganese salt of gluconic acid Empirical: C12H22MnO14 • 2H2O Formula: Mn(C6H11O7)2 • 2H2O Properties: Lt. pinkish powd. or gran.; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol and benzene; m.w. 481.27 (dihydrate) Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of manganese Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, mineral source in foods, baked goods, nonalcoholic beverages, dairy prods., fish/meat/poultry prods., milk prods., infant formulas, animal feed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1452, 582.80, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ACTA Pharmacal; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Glucona Am.; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Shan Par Ind. http://www.shanpar.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Gluconal® MN-P Manganese (II) gluconate. See Manganese gluconate Manganese glycerophosphate CAS 1320-46-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-301-4 Synonyms: Manganese (II) glycerophosphate Empirical: C3H7MnO6P • xH2O Formula: CH2OHCH2OCH2OP(O)O2Mn Properties: Wh. or pinkish powd., odorless, nearly tasteless; sol. in citric acid sol'n.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 224.91 (anhyd.) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of manganese HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §582.5455, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com 1517

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manganese (II) glycerophosphate. See Manganese glycerophosphate Manganese green. See Manganese oxide (ous) Manganese-L-2-hydroxy propionate. See Manganese lactate Manganese hypophosphite CAS 10043-84-2 Empirical: H4MnO4P2 Formula: Mn(PH2O2)2 • xH2O Properties: Monohydrate: Pink gran. or cryst. powd., odorless, tasteless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 184.91 Precaution: Dangerous fire and explosion risk when heated (spontaneously evolves flamm. phosphine) or in presence of strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of manganese Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §582.5458, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Manganese lactate CAS 16039-56-8 Synonyms: Manganese-L-2-hydroxy propionate Formula: Mn(CH3CHOHCOO)2 • 2H2O Properties: Pink powd.; sol. 10 g/100 ml water; m.w. 233 (anhyd.) Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Graham Chem. http://www.grahamchemical.com; Jost http://www.jostchemical.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com Trade Names: Puramex® MN Manganese monoxide; Manganese oxide; Manganese (II) oxide. See Manganese oxide (ous) Manganese oxide (ous) CAS 1344-43-0 Synonyms: Cassel green; CI 77726; Manganese green; Manganese monoxide; Manganese oxide; Manganese (II) oxide; Manganosite; Manganous oxide Classification: Oxide Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: MnO Properties: Grn. powd.; sol. in acids; insol. in water; m.w. 70.94; dens. 5.45; m.p. 1650 C; noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg(Mn)/m3; LD50 (subcut., mouse) 1000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by subcut. and intratracheal routes; target organs: blood, nerves; TSCA listed Precaution: Converts to Mn3O4 if heated in air; violent reactions with hydrogen peroxide, F2, or H2O2 Uses: Dietary supplement in foods; animal feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §582.80, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Manganese sulfate; Manganese (II) sulfate (1:1). See Manganese sulfate (ous) Manganese sulfate (ous) CAS 7785-87-7 (anhyd.); 10034-96-5 (monohydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 232-089-9 Synonyms: Manganese sulfate; Manganese (II) sulfate (1:1); Manganous sulfate; Sulfuric acid, manganese (2+) salt Empirical: MnO4S (anhyd.); MnO4S • H2O (monohydrate) Formula: MnSO4 (anhyd.), MnSO4 • H2O (monohydrate) Properties: Anhyd.: Pink gran. powd., odorless; very sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 151.00; dens. 3.25; m.p. 700 C; b.p. 850 C (dec.); Monohydrate: Pale red, sl. efflorescent cryst.; sol. in 1 part water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 169.00 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg(Mn)/m3; LD50 (IP, mouse) 332 mg/kg; poison by IP route; irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental teratogen, reproductive effector; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and manganese oxides HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, baked goods, nonalcoholic beverages, dairy/fish/meat/poultry/milk prods., infant formulas; animal feed additive Regulatory: BP compliance; FDA 21CFR §184.1461, 582.80, GRAS; Canada DSL 1518

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Erachem Comilog http://www.erachemcomilog.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Manganosite. See Manganese oxide (ous) Manganous chloride tetrahydrate. See Manganese chloride (ous), tetrahydrate Manganous citrate. See Manganese citrate (ous) Manganous oxide. See Manganese oxide (ous) Manganous sulfate. See Manganese sulfate (ous) Manila copals. See Copals, Manila Manila elemi copal. See Elemi gum Manila elemi oil. See Elemi oil Manila elemi resin. See Elemi gum Manna sugar; Mannite; Mannitol (INCI). See DMannitol D-Mannitol CAS 69-65-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-711-8 INS421; E421 Synonyms: Cordycepic acid; 1,2,3,4,5,6Hexanehexol; Manna sugar; Mannite; Mannitol (INCI); Mannose sugar Classification: Hexahydric alcohol Empirical: C6H14O6 Formula: HOCH2(CHOH)4CH2C Properties: Wh. orthorhombic need. or powd., odorless, sweetish taste; sol. 1 g/5.5 ml water, 1 g/18 ml glycerol; 1 g/83 ml alcohol; sol. in pyridine, aniline, aq. sol'ns. of alkalis; sl. sol. in oxygenated solvs.; insol. in veg. and min. oils; m.w. 182.18; dens. 1.52 (20 C); m.p. 165-167 C; b.p. 290-295 C (3.5 mm) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 13,500 mg/kg, (IV, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

rat) 9690 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 14 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 7470 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing., IP, IV routes; human systemic effects by IV route (raised blood pressure, bladder tubule changes, nausea, vomiting); excess consumption may have a laxative effect; may cause diarrhea and flatulence; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Hygroscopic; store @ R.T. Uses: Dietary supplement, texturizer, humectant, flavoring agent, lubricant, release agent, nutritive sweetener, bulking agent, anticaking agent, flow aid, stabilizer, thickener, formulation aid, processing aid, firming agent in foods; inert base, diluent for tablets Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 101.80, 175.300, 175.320, 177.1390, 177.2420, 180.25; GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL; FDA approved for parenterals, intramuscular injectables, intraperitoneal injectables, intrapleural injectables, intravenous, ophthalmics, orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl Cerestar http://www.cargill.com/; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemco France http://www.chemco1519

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference france.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Roquette Am. http://www.roquette.fr; Roquette UK; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names Containing: Sorbitol Special™ Polyol Solution α-L-Mannomethylose. See Rhamnose Mannose sugar. See D-Mannitol MAP. See Ammonium phosphate Maple lactone. See 3-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-2-ol1-one Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Maple, mountain, extract solid. See Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) extract solid Maple ponceau 3R. See Ponceau 3R Marble. See Calcium carbonate Marigold absolute. See Tagetes oil Marigold extract; Marigold flower extract. See Calendula officinalis extract Marigold oil. See Tagetes oil Marigold, pot. See Calendula officinalis Marjorama hortensis oleoresin. See Oleoresin marjoram Marjoram (Majorana hortensis) oil CAS 8015-01-8; 84837-14-9; EINECS/ELINCS 284-294-8 Synonyms: Majorana hortensis; Majorana hortensis oil; Marjoram oil; Marjoram oil, sweet; Sweet marjoram oil Definition: Oil from steam distillation of herb Majorana hortensis Properties: Yel. to grn.-yel. liq., spicy odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; partly sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin; sp.gr. 0.9; b.p. 266 C; ref. index 1.47 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, fish, meat, sauces, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Marjoram oil. See Marjoram (Majorana hortensis) oil Marjoram oil, Spanish. See Marjoram (Thymus mastichina) oil Marjoram oil, sweet. See Marjoram (Majorana hortensis) oil Marjoram oil wild. See Marjoram (Thymus 1520

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference mastichina) oil Marjoram oleoresin. See Oleoresin marjoram Marjoram (Thymus mastichina) oil CAS 8016-33-9 Synonyms: Marjoram oil, Spanish; Marjoram oil wild; Spanish marjoram oil; Thymus mastichina; Thymus mastichina oil Definition: Oil from steam distillation of flowering plant material from the shrub Thymus mastichina; main constituent is cineole Properties: Pale yel. liq.; sol. in fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, min. oil, water; dens. 0.904-0.920; ref. index 1.463 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Marrubium vulgare; Marrubium vulgare extract. See Horehound (Marrubium vulgare) extract Marshmallow. See Althea (Althea officinalis) root Marshmallow flowers. See Althea (Althea officinalis) flowers Marshmallow root extract. See Althea officinalis extract Mascagnite. See Ammonium sulfate Mate extract. See Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) extract Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) extract CAS 84082-59-7; 73296-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 277-364-4 Synonyms: Ilex paraguariensis; Ilex paraguariensis extract; Ilex paraguariensis leaf extract; Mate extract; Mate leaf extract; Paraguay tea extract; St. Bartholomew's tea; Yerba mate extract Definition: Extract of leaves of Ilex paraguariensis Properties: Rich herbaceous green odor, somewhat bitter refreshing taste Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.bioHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

botanica.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Confoco UK Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Mate leaf extract. See Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) extract Matricaria camphor. See Camphor Matricaria chamomilla. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil; Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower Matricaria chamomilla extract. See Matricaria (Chamomilla recutita) extract Matricaria chamomilla flower. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower Matricaria chamomilla flower oil; Matricaria chamomilla oil. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil Matricaria (Chamomilla recutita) extract CAS 84082-60-0; EINECS/ELINCS 282-006-5 Synonyms: Camomile extract; Chamomile extract, German; Chamomile extract Hungarian; Chamomilla recutita; Chamomilla recutita extract; Matricaria chamomilla extract; Matricaria extract; Wild chamomile extract Definition: Extract of flowerheads of the matricaria, Chamomilla recutita Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Matricaria extract. See Matricaria (Chamomilla recutita) extract Matricaria oil. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil Maxatase. See Protease Mayalan camphor. See DL-Borneol MC. See Methylcellulose 6-MC. See 6-Methylcoumarin MCC. See Microcrystalline cellulose MCP. See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Methyl cyclopentenolone MCP/A. See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous MDB. See 1,2-Methylenedioxybenzene MDC. See Methylene chloride MDG. See Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids MDS. See Methyl disulfide 2-ME. See Methoxyethanol MEA. See Ethanolamine 1521

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Meadowsweet extract. See Meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria) extract Meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria) extract CAS 84775-57-5; EINECS/ELINCS 283-886-3 Synonyms: Drupwort extract; Filipendula ulmaria extract; Meadowsweet extract; Queen of the meadow extract; Spiraea extract; Spiraea ulmaria; Spiraea ulmaria extract Definition: Extract of Spiraea ulmaria Uses: Tonic Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Trade Names: Actiphyte® of Queen-of-theMeadow Concentrate Medicago sativa; Medicago sativa extract. See Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) extract Mediterranean bay oil. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil Medium chain triglycerides. See Caprylic/capric triglyceride 5(13),7- Megastigmadien-9-one. See γ-Ionone MEK (INCI). See Methyl ethyl ketone Mel. See Honey MELA. See Ethanolamine Melaleuca leucadendron; Melaleuca leucadendron oil. See Cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendron) oil Melilotin. See Dihydrocoumarin Melissa officinalis; Melissa officinalis extract. See Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) extract Melissa officinalis oil; Melissa oil. See Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) oil Melissyl alcohol. See Myricyl alcohol Melomor; Melonal; Melonyl. See 2,6-Dimethyl-5heptenal Menhaden oil CAS 8002-50-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-311-4 Synonyms: Brevoortia; Brevoortia tyrannus oil; Mossbunker oil; Pogy oil Definition: Oil obtained from the small North Atlantic fish, Brevoortia tyrannus Properties: Ylsh.-brown or reddish-brown oil, char. fishy odor and taste; sol. in ether, benzene, petrol. ether, naphtha, kerosene, CS2; dens. 0.925-0.933; m.p. 38.5-47.2 C; iodine no. 115-160; sapon. no. 191-200; ref. index 1.480 (20 C) Toxicology: No known toxicity; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Hydrogenated fats for cooking; animal feed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800, 184.1472; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Werner G. Smith http://www.wernergsmith.com Trade Names Containing: Novomega™; OmegaPure® Refined Menhaden Oil Menhaden oil, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated menhaden oil Mentha arvensis oil CAS 68917-18-0 FEMA 3501 Synonyms: Cornmint oil, partially dementholized; Mentha arvensis oil, partially dementholized; Mint oil; Wild pennyroyal Definition: Oil from Mentha arvensis Properties: Colorless to yel. liq., minty odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; dens. 0.888-0.908; flash pt. 167 F; ref. index 1.458 (20 C) Toxicology: Experimental reproductive effects Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Features: Economical peppermint flavor; often blended with peppermint oil Regulatory: Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Hindustan Mint & Agro Products http://www.hindustanmint.com/; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com 1522

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Mentha arvensis oil, partially dementholized. See Mentha arvensis oil p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-al. See Perillaldehyde Menthadien-7-carbinyl acetate. See Perillyl acetate (+)-1,8-p-Menthadiene. See d-Limonene 1,4-(8)-p-Menthadiene. See Terpinolene 1,4-p-Menthadiene. See γ-Terpinene 1,8(9)-p-Menthadiene; dl-p-Mentha-1,8-diene. See dl-Limonene d-p-Mentha-1,8-diene. See d-Limonene l-p-Mentha-1,8-diene. See l-Limonene p-Mentha-1,3-diene. See α-Terpinene p-Mentha-1,4-diene. See γ-Terpinene p-Mentha-1,5-diene. See α-Phellandrene p-Mentha-1,8-diene. See d-Limonene; dlLimonene p-Mentha-1,8-diene, (S)-(-)-. See l-Limonene (R)-p-Mentha-1,8-diene. See d-Limonene (S)-(-)-p-Mentha-1,8-diene; (S)-p-Mentha-1,8diene. See l-Limonene (±)-1,8-p-Menthadiene. See dl-Limonene Menthadienol. See p-Mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-ol p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-ol. See Perillyl alcohol p-Mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-ol CAS 3269-90-7; EINECS/ELINCS 221-889-3 Synonyms: Menthadienol; 4- Methyl-betamethylene cyclohex-3-ene-1-ethanol Empirical: C10H16 O Properties: Pale yel. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 152.23; dens. 0.946 ± 0.06 g/cc; b.p. 239-240 C; ref. index 1.495 ± 0.02; surf. tens. 32.9 ± 3.0 dyne/cm Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL p-Mentha-6,8-dien-2-ol. See Carveol p-Mentha-6,8-dien-2-ol, acetate. See Carvyl acetate p-Mentha-6,8-dien-2-ol, propionate. See Carvyl propionate 1,4(8)-p-Menthadien-3-one. See Piperitenone 1-6,8(9)-p-Menthadien-2-one; (-)-1,8-pMenthadien-6-one. See l-Carvone 6,8(9)-p-Menthadien-2-one. See Carvone d-p-Mentha-6,8,(9)-dien-2-one. See d-Carvone L-p-Mentha-1(6),8-dien-2-one. See l-Carvone p-Mentha-1,4(8)-dien-3-one. See Piperitenone Menthadienyl acetate. See p-Mentha-1,8(10)dien-9-yl acetate 1-8-p-Menthadien-7-yl acetate. See Perillyl acetate 1-p-Mentha-6(8,9)-dien-2-yl acetate. See Carvyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acetate p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-yl acetate. See Perillyl acetate p-Mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-yl acetate Synonyms: Menthadienyl acetate Properties: Sweet, fruity, herbaceous, slightly woody odor Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods for the reconstitution of nature identical essential oils, e.g., peppermint, spearmint Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; GRAS 1-p-Mentha-6,8(9)-dien-2-yl propionate; l-pMentha-6,8-dien-2-yl propionate. See Carvyl propionate p-Mentha-1-en-8-ol propionate. See Terpinyl propionate Menthalactone CAS 13341-72-5; EINECS/ELINCS 236-390-6 FEMA 3764 Synonyms: Dehydroxymenthofurolactone; 3,6-Dimethyl-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-2(4H)benzofuranone; Mintlactone; Tetrahydrodimethyl benzofuran-2-one; 5,6,7,7aTetrahydro-3,6-trimethyl-2(4H)benzofuranone Classification: Aliphatic ketone Empirical: C10H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 166.22; dens. 1.058; b.p. 87-89 C (25 mm); flash pt. 176 F Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, confectionery, frostings, hard candy, chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Menthane, 1,4-epoxy-. See 1,4-Cineole p-Menthane, 1,8-epoxy. See Eucalyptol 3-p-Menthanol; p-Menthan-3-ol. See Menthol (1R,4S)-(-)-p-Menthan-3-one. See l-Menthone DL-p-Menthan-3-one. See DL-Menthone L-Menthan-3-one; l-p-Menthan-3-one. See lMenthone p-Menthanone CAS 10458-14-7; EINECS/ELINCS 233-944-9 FEMA 2667 Synonyms: Cyclohexanone, 5-methyl-2-(1methylethyl)-; 2-Isopropyl-5methylcyclohexanone; p-Menthan-3-one; Menthone; Menthone, mixt. of isomers; 5Methyl-2-(isoproylcyclo) hexanone; 51523

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanone Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Liq.; m.w. 154.25; sp.gr. 0.896; m.p. -6 C; b.p. 207 C; flash pt. 69 C; ref. index 1.450 Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause irritation Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from heat, open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hindustan Mint & Agro Products http://www.hindustanmint.com/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com p-Menthan-3-one. See l-Menthone; pMenthanone trans-p-Menthan-3-one. See trans-Menthone dl-p-Menthan-3-yl acetate. See dl-Menthyl acetate l-p-Menthan-3-yl acetate. See l-Menthyl acetate p-Menthan-3-yl acetate. See Menthyl acetate p-Menthan-3-yl isovalerate. See Menthyl isovalerate L-p-Menthan-3-yl lactate. See Menthyl lactate Mentha piperita. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract; Peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves; Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil Mentha piperita extract. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract Mentha piperita leaf; Mentha piperita leaves. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves Mentha piperita oil. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil Mentha pulegium. See Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) extract; Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) oil Mentha pulegium extract. See Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) extract Mentha pulegium oil. See Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) oil Mentha spicata. See Spearmint (Mentha spicata); Spearmint (Mentha spicata) extract; Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil Mentha spicata extract. See Spearmint (Mentha Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

spicata) extract Mentha spicata herb oil. See Spearmint (Mentha viridis) extract Mentha spicata oil. See Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil p-Mentha-8-thiol-3-one CAS 38462-22-5; EINECS/ELINCS 253-953-1 FEMA 3177 Synonyms: 8-Mercapto-p-menthane-3-one; 2(1-Mercapto-1-methylethyl)-5methylcyclohexanone; Thiomenthone Empirical: C10H18OS Properties: Yel. liq.; pungent, green grassy, fruity ester-like, blackcurrant odor; m.w. 186.32; dens. 1.00; vapor dens. 6.4; b.p. 56 C (0.1 mm); flash pt. 227 F; ref. index 1.493-1.497 Toxicology: Skin, eye irritant; harmful by ing.; TSCA listed Environmental: keep run-off water out of sewers, water sources Precaution: Wear safety glasses, goggles and rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids, alkalies, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Black currant-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Mentha viridis. See Spearmint (Mentha spicata); Spearmint (Mentha viridis) extract; Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil Mentha viridis extract. See Spearmint (Mentha viridis) extract Mentha viridis oil. See Spearmint (Mentha 1524

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference viridis) oil 1,8-p-Menthdien-7-al. See Perillaldehyde p-Menth-1,4(8)-diene. See Terpinolene p-Menthen-1-en-8-ol. See α-Terpineol 1-p-Menthen-4-ol. See 4-Carvomenthenol 1-p-Menthen-8-ol. See α-Terpineol 8(9)-p-Menthen-3-ol. See Isopulegol 8-p-Menthen-2-ol. See Dihydrocarveol 8-p-Menthen-3-ol. See Isopulegol p-Menth-1-en-8-ol. See Terpineol anhydrous; αTerpineol p-Menth-3-en-1-ol CAS 586-82-3; EINECS/ELINCS 209-585-9 FEMA 3563 Synonyms: 4-Isopropyl-1-methyl-3cyclohexen-1-ol; 1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-3cyclohexen-1-ol; 1-Methyl-4-(1-methyl ethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol; 1-Terpinenol; Terpinen-1-ol; 3-Terpinen-1-ol Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless oily liq., dry woody somewhat musty odor; sol. in alcohols, oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 154.24; dens. 0.9210; b.p. 210 C; ref. index 1.478 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL p-Menth-8-en-1-ol. See β-Terpineol p-Menth-8-en-3-ol. See Isopulegol (S)-p-Menth-1-en-4-ol. See 4-Carvomenthenol t-Menth-1-en-8-ol. See β-Terpineol p-Menth-1-en-9-ol acetate. See p-Menth-1-en-9yl acetate p-Menth-8-en-2-ol, acetate. See Dihydrocarvyl acetate p-Menth-1-en-8-ol formate. See Terpinyl formate 1-p-Menthen-3-one. See d-Piperitone 4(8)-Menthen-3-one. See Pulegone δ-8,9-para-menthen-3-one. See Isopulegone d-p-Menth-4(8)-en-3-one. See Pulegone p-Menth-1-en-3-one. See d-Piperitone p-Menth-4(8)-en-3-one. See Pulegone p-Menth-8-en-2-one. See d-Dihydrocarvone p-Menth-8-en-3-one. See Isopulegone (R)-(+)-p-Menth-4(8)-en-3-one; (R)-p-Menth-4(8)en-3-one. See d-Pulegone Menthen-1-yl-8 acetate; 1-p-Menthen-8-yl acetate. See Terpinyl acetate 1-p-Menthen-9-yl acetate. See p-Menth-1-en-9-yl acetate 8-p-Menthen-2-yl acetate. See Dihydrocarvyl acetate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

p-Menth-1-en-8-yl acetate. See Terpinyl acetate p-Menth-1-en-9-yl acetate CAS 28839-13-6; 17916-91-5; EINECS/ELINCS 249-266-1 FEMA 3566 Synonyms: 9-Acetoxy-1-para-menthene; β-4Dimethyl-3-cyclohexane-1-ethanol acetate; p-Menth-1-en-9-ol acetate; 1-p-Menthen-9-yl acetate Empirical: C12H20O2 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.931-0.937; b.p. 228-232 C; acid no. 1.0 max.; ref. index 1.441-1.448 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS p-Menth-8-en-2-yl acetate. See Dihydrocarvyl acetate p-Menth-8-en-3-yl acetate. See Isopulegyl acetate p-Menth-1-en-8-yl anthranilate. See Terpinyl anthranilate p-Menth-1-en-8-yl butyrate. See Terpinyl butyrate p-Menth-1-en-8-yl cinnamate. See Terpinyl cinnamate p-Menth-1-en-8-yl formate. See Terpinyl formate p-Menth-1-en-8-yl isobutyrate. See Terpinyl isobutyrate p-Menth-1-en-8-yl isovalerate; p-Menth-1-en-8-yl 3-methyl butanoate. See Terpinyl isovalerate Menthen-1-yl-8 propionate; p-Menth-1-en-8-yl propionate. See Terpinyl propionate Menthofuran. See 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6dimethylbenzofuran Menthol CAS 89-78-1 (DL); 1490-04-6; 2216-51-5 (L, -); 15356-60-2 (+); 15356-70-4 (D, ±); EINECS/ELINCS 201-939-0 (DL); 216-074-4; 218-690-9 (L); 239-388-3 (D) FEMA 2665 Synonyms: Cyclohexanol, 2-isopropyl-5methyl-; Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1methylethyl)-; Hexahydrothymol; 2Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol; 3-pMenthanol; p-Menthan-3-ol; DL-Menthol; 5Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanol; 5-Methyl2-isopropyl hexahydrophenol; 5-Methyl-2(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol; Peppermint camphor; Racemic menthol Classification: Diterpene alcohol Definition: Alcohol obtained from diverse mint 1525

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference oils, Mentha spp. or prepared synthetically; may be levorotatory (l-), from natural or syn. sources, or racemic (dl-) Empirical: C10H20O Formula: CH3C6H9(C3H7)OH Properties: Wh. cryst., cooling peppermint-like odor and taste; very sol. in alcohol, light petrol. solv., glacial acetic acid, min. oil, fixed/volatile oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 156.26; dens. 0.89; m.p. 42.5 C; b.p. 215 C; flash pt. 200 F; ref. index 1.461; tenacity 2 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3180 mg/kg, (IM, rat) 10 g/kg; LDLo (IP, mouse) 1800 mg/kg, (IV, cat) 37 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing., IP routes; severe eye irritant; irritant to mucous membranes on inh.; may cause human intolerance reaction; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with phenol, β-naphthol, others Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance, cooling agent in foods, liqueurs, confectionery, chewing gum Features: Minty flavor Use Level: < 3% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 182.20, GRAS; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring (ENCS no. 32333); FDA approved for buccals, dentals, inhalants, orals, topicals; USP/NF compliance; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Fruit Processors http://www.americanfruit.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; DRT http://www.drt.fr; http://www.drt.fr/en; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forrester Wood & Co. Ltd http://www.forresterwood.com/ Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Frutarom (UK); Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GMI Prods. http://www.gmioriginates.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Hindustan Mint & Agro Products http://www.hindustanmint.com/; Hitech Agro Prods.; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html Ikeda http://www.ikedabussan.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Parchem 1526

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Quimdis; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Reindeer Menthol http://www.reindeermenthol.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. USA http://www.takasago.com/ Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com 1-Menthol CAS 2216-51-5; EINECS/ELINCS 218-690-9 FEMA 2665 Synonyms: 1-Iso propyl-4-methyl cyclohexan2-ol; (1R,3R,4S)-(-)-Menthol; L-Menthol; levo-Menthol Classification: Ether Empirical: C10H20O Properties: Colorless crystalline mass; herbal, minty, sweet, medicinal odor; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol, oils; m.w. 156.27; dens. 0.89; vapor pressure 0.8 mm Hg; m.p. 42-44 C; b.p. 216 C; flash pt. (CC) 95 C; tenacity 2 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3300 mg/kg, (ipr., rat) 710 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Flavoring agent in food Features: Cooling, camphoreous, minty, clean Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

and spicy taste Use Level: < 3% Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; SARA §311/312 Acute, Chronic Health Hazard; FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 32333); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Trade Names Containing: Peppermint Oil 540 (1R,3R,4S)-(-)-Menthol. See 1-Menthol DL-Menthol. See Menthol L-Menthol; levo-Menthol. See 1-Menthol Menthol, acetate. See dl-Menthyl acetate Menthol acetic acid. See Menthyl acetate Menthol carboxamide. See N-Ethyl-p-menthane3-carboxamide Menthol valerate. See Menthyl isovalerate Menthone. See p-Menthanone (-)-Menthone. See l-Menthone DL-Menthone CAS 1074-95-9; EINECS/ELINCS 214-049-2 Synonyms: DL-p-Menthan-3-one; (±)Menthone Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Clorless liq.; minty odor; sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.89 kg/l (20 C); b.p. 210 C Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL l-Menthone CAS 14073-97-3; EINECS/ELINCS 237-926-1 FEMA 2667 Synonyms: Cyclohexanone, 5-methyl-2-(1methylethyl)-, (2S-trans)-; (1R,4S)-(-)-pMenthan-3-one; L-Menthan-3-one; l-pMenthan-3-one; p-Menthan-3-one; (-)Menthone; 1-Methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexan3-one; (2S-trans)-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanone; (-)-5-Methyl-2-(1methylethyl) cyclohexanone Classification: Nonaromatic ketone Definition: Most frequently occurring in nature of four optically active isomers of menthone; found in oils such as pennyroyal, peppermint, geranium Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless oily liq.; peppermint/geranium odor; bitter taste; sol. in org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 154.25; dens. 0.893; m.p. -6 C; b.p. 207-210 C; flash pt. 72 C; ref. index 1.4502 (20 C) 1527

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: Prevent inh. and direct contact with skin and eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Irritating and toxic fumes and gases Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep container closed when not in use Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names Containing: Peppermint Oil 540; Spearmint Oil 603 trans-Menthone CAS 89-80-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-941-1 FEMA 2667 Synonyms: trans-2-Isopropyl-5methylcyclohexanone; trans-p-Menthan-3one; trans-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanone Empirical: C10H18 Properties: Colorless liq.; minty, herbal, sweet, woody odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 154.28; sp.gr. 0.888-0.895; ref. index 1.448-1.453; tenacity 12 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 2180 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IV, subcut. routes; mutation data reported; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: < 3% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3.2398); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com (±)-Menthone. See DL-Menthone Menthone glycerin acetal CAS 63187-91-7 FEMA 3808 Synonyms: 6-Isopropyl-9-methyl-1,4dioxaspiro-[4,5]-decane-2-methanol; Menthone 1,2-glycerol ketal Empirical: C13H24O3 Properties: Colorless, cl. visc. liq.; sol. in oilive oil and water; m.w. 228.4; sp. gr. 1.030; b.p. 322-323C; flash pt. (TCC) 319 F; ref. index 1.4700 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Cooling agent for foods Features: Minty, spicey flavor Regulatory: FEMA/GRAS approved Manuf./Distrib.: Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/ Trade Names: Frescolat MGA Menthone 1,2-glycerol ketal. See Menthone glycerin acetal Menthone, mixt. of isomers. See p-Menthanone Menthyl acetate CAS 89-48-5 (racemic mixt.); EINECS/ELINCS 201-911-8 Synonyms: Acetic acid 2-isopropyl-5-methyl cyclohexyl ester; Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2(1-methylethyl)-, acetate; p-Menthan-3-yl acetate; Menthol acetic acid; p-Menth-3-yl acetate; 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol acetate; 5-Methyl-2-(1methylethyl) cyclohexanol ethanoate Classification: Nonaromatic ester Definition: Ester of menthol and acetic acid; from Mentha spp. or avail. commercially as the racemic mixt. or pure (-)-enantiomer Empirical: C12H22O2 Formula: C10H19OOCCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; menthol-like odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 198.31; dens. 0.922-0.927; b.p. 227-228 C; ref. index 1.447 Toxicology: TSCA listed 1528

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 182.20, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com See also dl-Menthyl acetate dl-Menthyl acetate CAS 16409-45-3; EINECS/ELINCS 240-459-6 FEMA 2668 Synonyms: Acetic acid, p-menth-3-yl ester, DL-; Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1methylethyl)-, acetate; dl-p-Menthan-3-yl acetate; Menthol, acetate; Menthyl acetate; Menthyl acetate racemic; p-Menth-3-yl ester-dl-acetic acid; 5-Methyl-2-(1methylethyl) cyclohexanol acetate; dl-5Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol acetate Empirical: C12H22O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity, berry, minty, woody odor; misc. with alcohol, fixed oils, ether, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 198.31; sp.gr. 0.922; b.p. 228229 C; flash pt. 92 C; ref. index 1.4450 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7620 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause irritation; primary skin irritant Precaution: Combustible liq.; vapor may flash back; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Berry-like, minty flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.adv-bio.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com l-Menthyl acetate CAS 2623-23-6; EINECS/ELINCS 220-076-0 UN NA 1993; FEMA 2668 Synonyms: l-Acetic acid, p-menth-3-yl ester; Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-, acetate; l-2-Isopropyl-5-methyl cyclohexan1-ol acetate; l-p-Menthan-3-yl acetate; l-pMenth-3-yl acetate; (R-(1α,2β,5α))-5-Methyl2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol acetate; (1R,2S,5R)-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol ethanoate Empirical: C12H22O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; mint-type odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 198.31; dens. 0.9190.924; b.p. 227 C; flash pt. (TCC) 84 C; ref. index 1.443-1.447; tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; prolonged eye/skin contact with undiluted material may cause irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: Dangerous for the environment; toxic to aquatic organisms; may cause long-term adverse effects in aquatic environment; avoid release to environment; prevent entry into water courses; no ozone depleting substances Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong acids, strong bases, materials that react with esters; prolonged/excessive heat and/or exposure to air may cause nonhazardous decomp. and/or oxidation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store away from excessive heat, open flames, strong acids, strong bases; avoid prolonged exposure to air; keep container tightly closed when not in use Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: < 5% Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; SARA §302/304/311/312/313 nonreportable; nonHAP; EINECS, Canada DSL, Australia AICS, Japan IEC, Philippines PICCS, China 1529

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference SEPA/CICS listed; Japan approved as flavoring agent (ENCS no. 3-2398) Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Hindustan Mint & Agro Products http://www.hindustanmint.com/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Trade Names Containing: Peppermint Oil 540 l-p-Menth-3-yl acetate. See l-Menthyl acetate p-Menth-3-yl acetate. See Menthyl acetate Menthyl acetate racemic; p-Menth-3-yl ester-dlacetic acid. See dl-Menthyl acetate Menthyl isovalerate CAS 89-47-4; 16409-46-4; EINECS/ELINCS 240460-1 FEMA 2669 Synonyms: Isovaleric acid p-menth-3-yl ester; p-Menthan-3-yl isovalerate; Menthol valerate; p-Menth-3-yl isovalerate; Menthyl isovalerianate; Menthyl valerate; (1α,2β,5α)3-Methylbutanoic acid 5-methyl-2-(1methylethyl) cyclohexyl ester; 5-Methyl-2(1-methylethyl) cyclohexyl 3methylbutanoate; Validol Empirical: C15H28O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2COOC10H19 Properties: Colorless liq.; mild odor; cooling, faintly bitter taste; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, and oils; insol. in water; m.w. 240.39; dens. 0.907 (15.4 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Menth-3-yl isovalerate; Menthyl isovalerianate. See Menthyl isovalerate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Menthyl lactate CAS 59259-38-0; EINECS/ELINCS 261-678-3 FEMA 3748 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid, 5methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexyl ester; Lactic acid menthyl ester; L-p-Menthan-3-yl lactate; L-Menthyl lactate; 5-Methyl-2-(1methylethyl) cyclohexyl αhydroxypropanoate; (1R-(1α(R),2β,5α))-5Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexyl lactate Definition: Ester of menthol and lactic acid Empirical: C13H24O3 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; faintly minty, tobacco odor; minty, mild cooling flavor; m.p. ≥ 43 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, cooling agent in foods, beverages, powd. drink mixes, chewing gum, sweets Features: Minty, mild cooling flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Shanghai Apple Flavor & Fragrance http://www.cnaff.com Trade Names: Frescolat® ML Trade Names Containing: Winsense™ Extra 400; Winsense™ Extra 500 l-Menthyl lactate CAS 61597-98-6 FEMA 3748 Empirical: C13H24O3 Properties: Wh. cryst. solid; mild cooling odor, sweet menthol taste; m.w. 228.33; m.p. 42-47 C; b.p. 142 C (5 mm); flash pt. > 110 C Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Cooling agent, flavoring agent in foods, beverages, powd. drink mixes, chewing gums, sweets Features: Mild cooling flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com See also Menthyl lactate Menthyl valerate. See Menthyl isovalerate Menyanthes trifoliata; Menyanthes trifoliata 1530

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference extract. See Buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata) extract Mercaptan C1. See Methyl mercaptan Mercaptan C3. See Propyl mercaptan β-Mercaptoalanine; L-β-Mercaptoalanine. See LCysteine Mercaptobenzene. See Thiophenol 1-Mercaptobutane. See n-Butyl mercaptan Mercaptocyclopentane. See Cyclopentanethiol 8-Mercapto-p-menthane-3-one. See p-Mentha-8thiol-3-one Mercaptomethane. See Methyl mercaptan (Mercaptomethyl) benzene. See Benzyl mercaptan 2-(1-Mercapto-1-methylethyl)-5methylcyclohexanone. See p-Mentha-8-thiol3-one 2-Mercaptonaphthalene; βMercaptonaphthalene. See 2Naphthalenethiol 2-Mercaptopropanoic acid; αMercaptopropanoic acid. See 2Mercaptopropionic acid 3-Mercaptopropanol. See Propyl mercaptan 2-Mercaptopropionic acid CAS 79-42-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-206-5 UN 2936 (DOT); FEMA 3180 Synonyms: 2-Mercaptopropanoic acid; αMercaptopropanoic acid; αMercaptopropionic acid; βMercaptopropionic acid; Propanoic acid, 2mercapto-; Thiolactic acid (INCI); 2Thiolactic acid; TLA Classification: Nonaromatic carboxylic acid Empirical: C3H6O2S Formula: CH3CHSHCOOH Properties: Colorless to pale-yel. oily liq.; roasted, meaty odor; misc. in water, alcohol, ether, and acetone; m.w. 106.16; dens. 1.196; m.p. 10-14 C; b.p. 102 C (16 mm); flash pt. 190 F; ref. index 1.4809 Toxicology: LCLo (inh., rat) 700 ppm; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by inh.; corrosive; causes burns; lachrymator; stench; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Bruno Bock Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.bock-thiochemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hampshire; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com α-Mercaptopropionic acid; β-Mercaptopropionic acid. See 2-Mercaptopropionic acid 2-Mercaptothiophene. See 2-Thienyl mercaptan α-Mercaptotoluene. See Benzyl mercaptan o-Mercaptotoluene. See o-Thiocresol Meroxapol 105 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxypropylene, polyoxyethylene block polymer Formula: HO(CHCH3CH2O)x(CH2CH2O)y(CH2CHCH3O)z) H, avg. x = 7, y = 22, z = 7 Properties: Nonionic liq. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavors; processing aid, wetting agent in foods; dough conditioner Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Meroxylon pereirae. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) MES. See Methyl ethyl sulfide meso-Erythritol. See Erythritol meso-Inositol. See Inositol Met. See L-Methionine Metacetone. See Diethyl ketone Metacetonic acid. See Propionic acid Metaphos. See Sodium metaphosphate Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt. See Sodium hexametaphosphate Metaphosphoric acid potassium salt. See Potassium metaphosphate Metaphosphoric acid, sodium salt. See Sodium metaphosphate Metaphosphoric acid trisodium salt. See 1531

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sodium trimetaphosphate Metasilicic acid. See Silica gel Metatartaric acid CAS 39469-81-3 INS353; E353 Synonyms: MTA Definition: Formed when dextro-tartaric acid is heated till it fuses, i.e., to 130 C Storage: Deliq. Uses: Antioxidant, pH control agent in foods; mfg. of wines (prevents growth of potassium tartrate crystals and thus tartar precipitation in bottled wine) Methacetone. See Diethyl ketone β-Methacrylic acid. See Crotonic acid Methacrylic acid-divinylbenzene copolymer CAS 50602-21-6 Synonyms: Methacrylic acid/DVB copolymer Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Carrier for vitamin B12 in foods for special dietary use; ion exchange resin in treatment of food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.775, 173.25, 175.105, 176.180; Canada DSL Methacrylic acid/DVB copolymer. See Methacrylic acid-divinylbenzene copolymer Methaldehyde. See Formaldehyde Methallyl butyrate. See 2-Methylallyl butyrate Methamin. See Hexamethylenetetramine Metham potassium. See Potassium Nmethyldithiocarbamate Methanal. See Formaldehyde Methanamine, N-methyl-. See Dimethylamine Methanamine, N-methyl-, polymer with (chloromethyl) oxirane. See Dimethylamine/epichlorohydrin copolymer Methanecarboxylic acid. See Acetic acid Methane, chloro-. See Methyl chloride Methanedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester. See Diethyl malonate Methane dichloride; Methane-, dichloro-. See Methylene chloride Methanethiol. See Methyl mercaptan Methanethiol, phenyl-. See Benzyl mercaptan Methanoic acid. See Formic acid Methanol. See Methyl alcohol Methanol, benzyl-. See Phenethyl alcohol Methanol, sodium salt. See Sodium methylate Methenamine (INCI). See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hexamethylenetetramine Methional. See 3-Methylthiopropionaldehyde Methionamine. See N-Acetyl-L-methionine Methionine (INCI). See DL-Methionine DL-Methionine CAS 59-51-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-432-1 FEMA 3301 Synonyms: Acimetion; (±)-2-Amino-4(methylmercapto) butyric acid; DL-2-Amino4-methylthiobutanaoic acid; DL-2-Amino-4(methylthio) butyric acid; Methionine (INCI); (±)-Methionine; Racemethionine Classification: Amino acid Empirical: C5H11NO2S Formula: CH3SCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. platelets or powd., char. odor; sol. in water, dil. acids and alkalis; very sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether, all org. solvs.; m.w. 149.21; dens. 1.34 kg/l; m.p. ≈ 280 C (dec.); pH 5.6-6.1 (1%) Toxicology: LDLo (oral, mouse) 4 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 1500 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 300 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and other routes; experimental reproductive effects, teratogen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and NOx Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods; vegetable oil enrichment; animal feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, 3.1% max., not for infant foods; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Bachem http://bachem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk 1532

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko USA http://www.kyowa-usa.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Kleistase E5S L-Methionine CAS 63-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-562-9 Synonyms: 1-α-Amino-γmethylmercaptobutyric acid; (S)-2-Amino-4(methylmercapto) butyric acid; L-2-Amino4-methylthiobutyric acid; Met; 1-γMethylthio-α-aminobutyric acid Classification: Amino acid Definition: Avail. commercially as the naturally occurring L(-)-enantiomer Empirical: C5H11NO2S Formula: CH3SCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. or platelets, sl. char. odor; sol. in water, dil. acids, alkalis; insol. in abs. alcohol, alcohol, benzene, acetone, ether; m.w. 149.21; dens. 1.340; m.p. 281 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 36 g/kg, (IP, rat) 4328 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing., IP routes; human mutagenic data; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx and SOx Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods; vegetable oil enrichment, animal feed additive Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Lipotropic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, limitation 3.1%; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com Bachem http://bachem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ (±)-Methionine. See DL-Methionine L-Methionine, N-acetyl-. See N-Acetyl-Lmethionine Methocel. See Methylcellulose 4´-Methoxyacetophenone; pMethoxyacetophenone. See Acetanisole 3-Methoxy-4-acetoxybenzaldehyde. See Vanillin acetate p-Methoxyallylbenzene. See Estragole 2-Methoxy-4-allylphenol. See Eugenol 3-Methoxyanisole. See m-Dimethoxybenzene p-Methoxyanisole. See p-Dimethoxybenzene 2-Methoxybenzaldehyde. See oMethoxybenzaldehyde 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde. See p-Anisaldehyde o-Methoxybenzaldehyde CAS 135-02-4; EINECS/ELINCS 205-171-7 FEMA 4077 1533

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: 2-Anisaldehyde; o-Anisaldehyde; o-Anisic aldehyde; Benzaldehyde, 2methoxy-; 2-Methoxybenzaldehyde; 2Methoxybenzenecarboxaldehyde; Methyl salicylaldehyde; Salicylaldehyde methyl ether Empirical: C8H8O2 Formula: C6H4(OCH3)CHO Properties: Colorless or cream-colored cryst., faint sweet floral odor, spice-like flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 136.15; dens. 1.1326; m.p. 35-37 C; b.p. 243-244 C; flash pt. 117 C; ref. index 1.560 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; D&O http://dochem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com

Methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone p-Methoxybenzyl phenyl acetate. See Anisyl phenylacetate 4-Methoxybenzyl propanoate; p-Methoxybenzyl propionate. See Anisyl propionate 4-Methoxy-2-t-butylphenol. See 3-t-Butyl-4hydroxyanisole 2-Methoxy-4-carbaldehyde-phenyl 2methylpropanoate. See Vanillin isobutyrate 2-(Methoxycarbonyl) aniline. See Methyl anthranilate 2-(Methoxycarbonyl) phenol. See Methyl salicylate 3-(Methoxycarbonyl) pyridine; m(Methoxycarbonyl) pyridine. See Methyl nicotinate 6´-Methoxycinchonan-9-ol; (8-α,9R)-6´Methoxycinchonan-9-ol. See Quinine 6´-Methoxycinchonan-9-ol dihydrochloride. See Quinine dihydrochloride 6´-Methoxycinchonan-9-ol monohydrochloride. See Quinine hydrochloride 6-Methoxycinchonine. See Quinine Methoxycinnamaldehyde. See pMethoxycinnamaldehyde 2´-Methoxycinnamaldehyde. See oMethoxycinnamaldehyde 4-Methoxycinnamaldehyde. See pMethoxycinnamaldehyde

p-Methoxybenzaldehyde. See p-Anisaldehyde Methoxybenzene. See Anisole 2-Methoxybenzenecarboxaldehyde. See oMethoxybenzaldehyde 4-Methoxybenzenemethanol. See p-Anisyl alcohol 4-Methoxybenzenemethanol methanoate. See Anisyl formate 4-Methoxybenzoic acid; p-Methoxybenzoic acid. See p-Anisic acid o-Methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl o-methoxybenzoate 4-Methoxybenzyl acetate; p-Methoxybenzyl acetate. See p-Anisyl acetate 4-Methoxybenzylacetone. See 4-pMethoxyphenyl-2-butanone 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol; p-Methoxybenzyl alcohol. See p-Anisyl alcohol p-Methoxybenzyl butyrate. See Anisyl butyrate 4-Methoxybenzyl formate; p-Methoxybenzyl formate. See Anisyl formate 4-Methoxybenzyl methyl ketone; pMethoxybenzyl methyl ketone. See 1-(p-

o-Methoxycinnamaldehyde CAS 1504-74-1; EINECS/ELINCS 216-131-3 FEMA 3181 Synonyms: o-Cumaric aldehyde methyl ether; 2´-Methoxycinnamaldehyde; oMethoxycinnamic aldehyde; β-(oMethoxyphenyl) acrolein; 3-(2Methoxyphenyl)-2-propenal Empirical: C10H10O2 Properties: Pale yel. cryst. flakes, spicy-floral odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 162.18; m.p. 45-46 C; b.p. 295 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 2 g/kg; primary skin irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech.

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Methoxycinnamaldehyde CAS 1963-36-6; EINECS/ELINCS 217-807-0 FEMA 3567 Synonyms: Methoxycinnamaldehyde; 4Methoxycinnamaldehyde; p-Methoxy cinnamic aldehyde; 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2propenal; Propenal, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)Empirical: C10H10O2 Properties: Wh. to ylsh. cryst. solid; mild pleasant cinnamon, spicy, floral odor; sol. in alcohol, fats; insol. in water; m.w. 162.19; m.p. 45 C; b.p. ≈ 160 C (3 mm Hg); acid no. 4 max.; flash pt. (CC) 110 C Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources, naked flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, spice blends, oral hygiene flavors Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; FEMA GRAS; EINECS, Australia AICS, Canada DSL, ENCS, Philippines PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com o-Methoxycinnamic aldehyde. See oMethoxycinnamaldehyde p-Methoxy cinnamic aldehyde. See pMethoxycinnamaldehyde 2-Methoxy-p-cresol. See 2-Methoxy-4methylphenol Methoxy dipropylene glycol. See PPG-2 methyl ether Methoxyethanol CAS 109-86-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-713-7 UN 1188 (DOT) Synonyms: EGME; Ethylene glycol methyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ether; Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether; Glycol monomethyl ether; 2-ME; 2Methoxyethanol; β-Methoxyethanol; Methoxyhydroxyethane; Methyl 'Cellosolve' Classification: Aliphatic ether alcohol Empirical: C3H8O2 Formula: CH3OCH2CH2OH Properties: Colorless liq., mild agreeable etherlike odor.; sol. in water, alcohols, ketones, glycols, most hydrocarbons; misc. with ether, benzene, glycerol, acetone, dimethylformamide; m.w. 76.10; dens. 0.964 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 9.5 mm Hg; f.p. -86.5 C; b.p. 123-124 C; flash pt. (OC) 43 C; autoignition temp. 235 C; ref. index 1.4028 (20 C); surf. tens. 30.84 dynes/cm; pH neutral Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 2460 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 2500 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 2140 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1280 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., inh., skin contact, IP, IV routes; mod. toxic to humans by ing.; human systemic effects; skin/eye irritant; inh. can cause headache, confusion, weakness, nausea, difficulty breathing, increased heart rate; target organs: blood, brain, kidneys; potential occupational carcinogen; experimental teratogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.12; COD 1.69; ThOD 1.68 Precaution: Flamm. on exposure to heat and flame; mod. explosion hazard; can react with oxidizers to form explosive peroxides; incompat. with acid chlorides, acid anhydrides (forms ester compds.) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Acetaldehyde, methanol; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke, irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight Uses: Binder, color diluent, extender in foods, confectionery, tableted food supplements, gum, poultry Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1 (no residue), 175.105; USDA 9CFR §381.147; SARA §313 reportable; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Dow 1535

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.dow.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Oxiteno http://www.oxiteno.com.br/in/index.htm Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 2-Methoxyethanol; β-Methoxyethanol. See Methoxyethanol (2-Methoxyethyl) benzene. See 2-Phenylethyl methyl ether 2-Methoxy-2-ethylphenol. See 4-Ethylguaiacol 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. See Vanillin 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxy benzylacetone. See Zingerone 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol. See Vanillyl alcohol 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate; 3Methoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid. See Ferulic acid Methoxyhydroxyethane. See Methoxyethanol 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxytoluene. See 2-Methoxy-4methylphenol 2-Methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine. See 2-Isobutyl-3methoxy-pyrazine 1-(2-Methoxyisopropoxy)-2-propanol. See PPG2 methyl ether 1-Methoxy-2-methylbenzene. See oMethylanisole Methoxy-1 methyl-4 benzene; 1-Methoxy-4methylbenzene. See p-Methylanisole o-Methoxy methyl benzoate. See Methyl omethoxybenzoate Methoxymethyl chloride. See Chloromethyl methyl ether 1-(2-Methoxy-1-methylethoxy)-2-propanol; (2Methoxymethylethoxy) propanol. See PPG-2 methyl ether 2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol CAS 93-51-6; EINECS/ELINCS 202-252-9 FEMA 2671 Synonyms: Creosol; p-Creosol; Homoguaiacol; 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-1methylbenzene; 4-Hydroxy-3methoxytoluene; 2-Hydroxy-5Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

methylanisole; 4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1methylbenzene; 2-Methoxy-p-cresol; 3Methoxy-4-hydroxytoluene; Methylguaiacol; 4-Methylguaiacol; p-Methylguaiacol; Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-methylClassification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C8H10O2 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq., spicy, vanillalike odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, benzene, chloroform, acetic acid; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 138.17; dens. 1.092 (20/4 C); vapor dens. 4.7; m.p. 5 C; b.p. 221-222 C; flash pt. 99 C; ref. index 1.537 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 740 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 75 mg/kg; poison by IV route; probably mod. toxic; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: do not contaminate water sources, sewers Precaution: Wear protective gloves, splashproof eye goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers, alkalies Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet vanilla-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-Methoxy-3-methylpyrazine. See 2-Methoxy3(5)-methylpyrazine 2-Methoxy-3(5)-methylpyrazine CAS 2847-30-5; EINECS/ELINCS 220-651-6 FEMA 3183 Synonyms: 2-Methoxy-3-methylpyrazine Empirical: C6H8N2O 1536

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Colorless liq.; roasted hazelnut odor; sol. in water, org. solvs.; m.w. 124.14; dens. 1.00-1.09 (20 C); flash pt. 131 F; ref. index 1.506 Precaution: Flamm. liq. exposed to heat, flame, or sparks Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ p-Methoxy-β-methylstyrene. See Anethole trans-p-Methoxy-β-methylstyrene. See transAnethole 2-Methoxyphenol; o-Methoxyphenol. See Guaiacol 2-Methoxyphenyl acetate; o-Methoxyphenyl acetate. See Guaiacyl acetate 4-Methoxyphenylacetone; pMethoxyphenylacetone. See 1-(pMethoxyphenyl)-2-propanone β-(o-Methoxyphenyl) acrolein. See oMethoxycinnamaldehyde 4-p-Methoxyphenyl-2-butanone CAS 104-20-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-184-2 FEMA 2672 Synonyms: Anisyl acetone; 2-Butanone, 4-(pmethoxyphenyl)-; 4-Methoxybenzylacetone; p-Methoxyphenylbutanone; Raspberry ketone methyl ether Classification: aromatic ketone Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: CH3OC6H4C2H4COCH3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; sweet floral odor; m.w. 178.23; dens. 1.045; m.p. 8 C; b.p. 152-153 C (15 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5200 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low oral and skin toxicity; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet cherry, raspberry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown Capital http://www.crown-capital.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Methoxyphenylbutanone. See 4-pMethoxyphenyl-2-butanone 1-Methoxy-2-phenylethane. See 2-Phenylethyl methyl ether 4-Methoxyphenyl methyl ketone; pMethoxyphenyl methyl ketone. See Acetanisole 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1-penten-3-one CAS 103-13-9 FEMA 3760 Synonyms: Homoethone; Isopropyl pmethoxystyryl ketone; Methoxystyryl isopropyl ketone Classification: Aromatic ketone Empirical: C13H16O2 Properties: Colorless, oily liq.; buttery caramel odor; sol. in organic solvents and oils; insol. in water; m.w. 204.27; sp. gr. .016-1.026; b.p. 201 C (10 mm Hg); ref. index 1.510-1.515 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3-one. See 1-(pMethoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3-one 1537

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3-one CAS 104-27-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-190-5 FEMA 2673 Synonyms: Ethone; 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1penten-3-one; α-Methylanisalacetone; αMethylanisylidene acetone Classification: aromatic ketone Empirical: C12H14O2 Properties: Wh. to pale yel. crystals; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 190.24; m.p. 60 C; ref. index 1.542 ± 0.02 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) >5 gm/kg; sensitizer; primary irritant Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; prohibited in cosmetics (Europe); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com 2-Methoxyphenyl phenylacetate; oMethoxyphenyl phenylacetate. See Guaiacyl phenylacetate 1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone CAS 122-84-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-433-2; 204578-7 FEMA 2674 Synonyms: 4-Acetonylanisole; pAcetonylanisole; Anisic ketone; Anisketone; Anisylmethyl ketone; p-Anisyl methyl ketone; 4-Methoxybenzyl methyl ketone; p-Methoxybenzyl methyl ketone; 4Methoxyphenylacetone; pMethoxyphenylacetone; 2-Propanone, 1-(pmethoxyphenyl)Classification: Aromatic ketone Empirical: C10H12O2 Properties: Oil or cryst.; sl. sol. in water and oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 164.20; dens. 1.067; m.p. 46 C; b.p. 110-113 C; flash pt. 215 F; ref. index 1.5250 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3330 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 560 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and other routes; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Storage: Refrigerate; store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Caramel, vanilla-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; SAFC Specialties Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propenal. See oMethoxycinnamaldehyde 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propenal. See pMethoxycinnamaldehyde 1-(p-Methoxyphenyl) propene. See Anethole trans-1-(p-Methoxyphenyl) propene. See transAnethole 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid, 2ethylhexyl ester. See Octyl methoxycinnamate 1,2-Methoxy-4-propenylbenzene. See Methyl isoeugenol 1-Methoxy-4-propenylbenzene. See Anethole 1-Methoxy-4-(2-propenyl) benzene. See Estragole 4-Methoxypropenylbenzene. See Anethole (E)-1-Methoxy-4-(1-propenyl) benzene. See trans-Anethole p-Methoxypropenylbenzene. See Anethole trans-1-Methoxy-4-(1-propenyl) benzene. See trans-Anethole 2-Methoxy-4-prop-1-enyl phenetole. See Isoeugenyl ethyl ether 2-Methoxy-4-propenylphenol; 2-Methoxy-4(prop-1-enyl) phenol. See Isoeugenol 2-Methoxy-4-(2-propenyl) phenol; 2-Methoxy-4prop-2-enylphenol. See Eugenol 2-Methoxy-4-propenylphenyl acetate; 2Methoxy-4-prop-1-enylphenyl acetate. See Acetisoeugenol 2-Methoxy-4-(2-propenyl) phenyl benzoate. See Eugenyl benzoate 2-Methoxy-4-propenylphenyl benzyl ether. See Isoeugenyl benzyl ether 2-Methoxy-4-propenylphenyl formate. See Isoeugenyl formate 2-Methoxy-4-propenylphenyl phenylacetate; 4Methoxy-4-prop-1-enylphenyl phenylacetate. See Isoeugenyl phenylacetate Methoxypropoxypropanol. See PPG-2 methyl ether 1-Methoxy-4-propylbenzene; 1-Methoxy-4-npropylbenzene. See p-Propyl anisole 2-Methoxy-4-propylphenol; 2-Methoxy-4-(1propyl) phenol; 2-Methoxy-4-n-propylphenol. See Dihydroeugenol Methoxypyrazine. See 2-Methoxypyrazine 2-Methoxypyrazine CAS 3149-28-8 FEMA 3302 Synonyms: Methoxypyrazine 1538

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: pyrazine Empirical: C5H6N2O Properties: Colorless to yel. liq.; nutty cocoa-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water @ 61 C; m.w. 110.12; dens. 1.110; b.p. 60-61 C (29 mm); flash pt. 114 F; ref. index 1.508 Toxicology: Skin and eye irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet, cocoa-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com α-(6-Methoxy-4-quinoyl)-5-vinyl-2quinclidinemethanol. See Quinine Methoxystyryl isopropyl ketone. See 1-(4Methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1-penten-3-one 2-Methoxytoluene. See o-Methylanisole 4-Methoxytoluene. See p-Methylanisole o-Methoxytoluene. See o-Methylanisole p-Methoxytoluene. See p-Methylanisole 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol CAS 7786-61-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-101-2 FEMA 2675 Synonyms: 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxystyrene; pVinylcatechol-O-methyl ether; Vinyl guaiacol; p-Vinylguaiacol Classification: Aromatic phenol Empirical: C9H10O2 Properties: Colorless solid or liq.; spicy, clove odor; insol. in wager; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 150.18; sp.gr. 1.105-1.115; dens. 1.11; vapor dens. 5.1; flash pt. (CC) > 99 C; ref. index 1.570-1.580 Toxicology: Irritant; mutagen; reproductive effector; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids, alkalies Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Apple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Methyene oxide. See Formaldehyde Methyl abietate, hydrogenated. See Methyl hydrogenated rosinate Methylacetaldehyde. See Propionaldehyde Methyl acetate CAS 79-20-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-185-2 UN 1231 (DOT); FEMA 2676 Synonyms: Acetic acid methyl ester; Methyl acetic ester; Methyl ethanoate Classification: Sat. aliphatic carboxylic acid ester Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C3H6O2 Formula: CH3COOCH3 Properties: Colorless volatile liq., fragrant odor, sl. bitter flavor; very sol. in water; sol. in ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone, benzene, chloroform; m.w. 74.09; dens. 0.92438; vapor pressure 100 mm Hg (9.4 C); f.p. -98.05 C; b.p. 54.05 C; flash pt. (CC) -10 C; autoignition temp. 454 C; ref. index 1.3614 (20 C); surf. tens. 24.1 dynes/cm (20 C); dielec. const. 6.68 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 200 ppm in air; STEL 250 ppm; LD50 (oral, rabbit) 3705 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., cat, 1 h) 57,000 mg/m3; mod. toxic by several routes; human systemic irritant by inh.; mod. skin and severe eye irritant; irritant to respiratory tract; narcotic in high concs.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: ThOD 1.51 Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire and explosion risk; explosive limits 3.1-16% in air; incompat. with oxidizing agents, strong acids, bases, potassium t-butoxide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Methanol, acetic acid; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from heat/ignition sources Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 1539

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Bio-Rad Labs http://www.bio-rad.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com Eastern Chem. http://www.easternchemicalcorp.com/index 3.php; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com Hampshire; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Wacker-Chemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Methylacetic acid. See Propionic acid Methylacetic anhydride. See Propionic anhydride Methyl acetic ester. See Methyl acetate Methyl acetone. See Methyl ethyl ketone 4´-Methyl acetophenone CAS 122-00-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-514-8 FEMA 2677 Synonyms: p-Acetotoluene; p-Acetyl toluene; Ethanone, 1-(4-methylphenyl)-; pMethylacetophenone (INCI); 1-Methyl-4acetyl benzene; 1-(4-Methylphenyl) ethanone; Methyl p-tolyl ketone Classification: Organic compd.; aliphatic ketone Empirical: C9H10O Formula: CH3C6H4COCH3 Properties: Colorless cryst. solid; fruity-floral odor, strawberry-like flavor; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 134.18; dens. 1.004 (20/4 C); m.p. 28 C; b.p. 220-223 C; flash pt. 82 C; ref. index 1.534 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary irritant; human skin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Chemetall Chem. Prods. http://www.chemetall.com; D&O http://dochem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GivaudanQuest Int'l. Flavors and Fragrances USA/Fragrances Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com p-Methylacetophenone (INCI). See 4´-Methyl acetophenone Methylacetopyronone. See Dehydroacetic acid Methyl 12-acetoxy-9-octadecenoate; Methyl 12acetoxyoleate. See Methyl acetyl ricinoleate 1-Methyl-4-acetyl benzene. See 4´-Methyl acetophenone Methyl acetyl ricinoleate CAS 140-03-4; EINECS/ELINCS 205-392-9 Synonyms: Methyl 12-acetoxy-9octadecenoate; Methyl 12-acetoxyoleate; Ricinoleic acid, methyl ester, acetate Empirical: C21H38O4 Formula: C17H32(OCOCH3)COOCH3 Properties: Cryst.; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; pale yel. liquid; mild odor; m.w. 1306.59; sp.gr. 0.938; m.p. -15 C; flash pt. (COC) 196 C; ref. index 1.4545 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 34,900 mg/kg; low toxicity by ing.; primary irritant to eyes; probable skin and mucous membrane irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or 1540

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference flame; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; Canada DSL; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com 3-Methylacrylic acid; β-Methylacrylic acid. See Crotonic acid Methyl alcohol CAS 67-56-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-659-6 UN 1230 (DOT) Synonyms: Carbinol; Colonial spirit; Columbian spirits; Methanol; Methyl hydrate; Methyl hydroxide; Methylol; Monohydroxymethane; Pyroxylic spirit; Wood alcohol; Wood naphtha; Wood spirit Empirical: CH4O Formula: CH3OH Properties: Clear colorless liq., alcoholic odor (pure), pungent odor (crude); highly polar; misc. with water, alcohol, ether, benzene, ketones, most org. solvs.; m.w. 32.05; dens. 0.7924; vapor pressure 127 mm Hg; m.p. -97.8 C; b.p. 64.5 C; flash pt.(CC) 6 C; autoignition temp. 385 C; ref. index 1.3292 (20 C); surf. tens. 22.3 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 32.66 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 200 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 5628 mg/kg; toxic (causes blindness); poisonous by ing., inh., or percutaneous absorp.; eye/skin irritant; narcotic; acute effects: headache, fatigue, nausea, visual impairment, acidosis, convulsions, circulatory collapse, respiratory failure, death; usual fatal dose 100-250 ml; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.85; COD 1.50; ThOD 1.50 Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; dangerous fire risk; explosive limits 6.0-36.5 vol.% in air; reacts vigorously with oxidizers; violent or explosive reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Extraction solvent for hops extract (for flavoring beer), spice oleoresins; extractant for animal and veg. oils Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.345, 73.615, 172.560, 172.859, 172.867, 173.250, 173.385, 175.105, 175.300, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2420, 177.2460, 177.2800, 27CFR §21.115; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP compliance; Canada DSL; SARA §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; HAP Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com Equistar http://www.equistarchem.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Georgia Gulf http://www.ggc.com/ HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Methanex http://www.methanex.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Shell 1541

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sterling Chems. http://www.sterlingchemicals.com; Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Veckridge; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Methyl aldehyde. See Formaldehyde 2-Methylallyl butyrate CAS 7149-29-3 FEMA 2678 Synonyms: Isopropenyl carbinyl-n-butyrate; Methallyl butyrate; 2-Methyl-2-propenyl butyrate; 2-Methyl-2-propen-1-yl butyrate Definition: Ester of β-methylallyl alcohol and butyric acid Empirical: C8H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity ethereal odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 142.19; b.p. 168 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Methyl 2-aminobenzoate; Methyl-oaminobenzoate. See Methyl anthranilate 1-Methyl-2-aminoethanol. See Isopropanolamine 2-Methylamino methyl benzoate. See Dimethyl anthranilate Methylamylacetic acid. See 2-Methylheptanoic acid Methyl amyl carbinol; Methyl-n-amyl carbinol. See 2-Heptanol Methyl amyl ketone. See Methyl n-amyl ketone Methyl n-amyl ketone CAS 110-43-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-767-1 UN 1110 (DOT); FEMA 2544 Synonyms: Amyl methyl ketone; n-Amyl methyl ketone; Butylacetone; 2-Heptanone; Heptan-2-one; Ketone C-7; MAK; Methyl amyl ketone; Methyl pentyl ketone; n-Pentyl methyl ketone Classification: Sat. aliphatic ketone Empirical: C7H14O Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2COCH3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Water-wh. clear liq.; penetrating fruity cinnamon-like odor; sol. in ethanol, diethyl ether; misc. with org. solvs.; almost insol. in water; m.w. 114.18; dens. 0.8166 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 2.6 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. -26.9 C; b.p. 150.6 C; acid no. 2; flash pt. 49 C; ref. index 1.4110 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 1670 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 800 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 12,600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by inh., skin contact; irritating to eyes, nose, throat, skin; narcotic in high concs.; inh. can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, unconsciousness; may damage liver/kidneys; may affect nervous system; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.23; COD 2.27; ThOD 2.80; prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. waters Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flames; moderate fire risk; reactive with strong oxidizing materials; incompat. with strong acids, alkalis, hydrogen peroxides; violent reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, explosive peroxides; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat/ignition sources Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments Features: Banana-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; DOT nonregulated; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; BioRad Labs http://www.bio-rad.com Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Citrus and Allied Essences 1542

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.citrusandallied.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Methyl (2-amyl-3-oxocyclopentyl) acetate. See Methyl dihydrojasmonate α-Methylanisalacetone. See 1-(pMethoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3-one Methyl anisate. See Methyl p-anisate Methyl o-anisate. See Methyl omethoxybenzoate Methyl p-anisate CAS 121-98-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-513-2 FEMA 2679 Synonyms: p-Anisic acid, methyl ester; Benzoic acid, 4-methoxy-, methyl ester; Benzoic acid, p-methoxy-, methyl ester; Methyl anisate; Methyl 4-methoxybenzoate; Methyl p-methoxybenzoate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C9H10O3 Properties: Wh. powd.; insol.; m.w. 166.18; m.p. 49-51 C; b.p. 244-245 C; flash pt. 235 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary irritant; prevent inh. and direct contact with skin and eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid strong oxidants Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Irritating and toxic fumes and gases Storage: Store in a cool, dry place; keep container closed when not in use. Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Bio-Rad Labs http://www.bio-rad.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 2-Methylanisole. See o-Methylanisole 4-Methylanisole. See p-Methylanisole o-Methylanisole CAS 578-58-5; EINECS/ELINCS 209-426-3 FEMA 2680 Synonyms: Anisole, o-methyl-; Benzene, 1methoxy-2-methyl-; o-Cresol methyl ether; o-Cresyl methyl ether; 1-Methoxy-2methylbenzene; 2-Methoxytoluene; oMethoxytoluene; 2-Methylanisole; 2Methylmethoxybenzene; Methyl omethylphenyl ether; Methyl o-tolyl ether; oTolyl methyl ether Empirical: C8H10O Formula: CH3C6H4OCH3 Properties: Liq.; warm, floral, earthy, walnut odor; sol. 450 mg/l in water; m.w. 122.17; dens. 0.985; vapor pressure 1.5 mm Hg; m.p. 34 C; b.p. 170-172 C; flash pt. 51 C; ref. index 1.5161 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; vapor may flashback; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat and open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com p-Methylanisole CAS 104-93-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-253-7 1543

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FEMA 2681 Synonyms: p-Cresol methyl ether; p-Cresyl methyl ether; Methoxy-1 methyl-4 benzene; 1-Methoxy-4-methylbenzene; 4Methoxytoluene; p-Methoxytoluene; 4Methylanisole; Methyl p-cresol; 4-Methyl-1methoxybenzene; 4-Methylphenol methyl ether; Methyl-p-tolyl ether; p-Tolyl methyl ether Classification: Aromatic ether; aliphatic ketone Empirical: C8H10O Properties: Colorless liq., pungent ylang-ylang odor; sol. in ethanol, diethyl ether, fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, water; m.w. 122.18; dens. 0.996-0.970; b.p. 175-176 C; flash pt. 144 F; ref. index 1.510-1.513 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1920 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Pungent, sweet, ylang-ylang, cresollike fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com α-Methylanisylidene acetone. See 1-(pMethoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3-one Methyl anthranilate CAS 134-20-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-132-4 FEMA 2682 Synonyms: 2-Aminobenzoic acid methyl ester; o-Aminobenzoic acid methyl ester; Anthranilic acid methyl ester; Benzoic acid, 2-amino-, methyl ester; 2Carbomethoxyaniline; oCarbomethoxyaniline; 2-(Methoxycarbonyl) aniline; Methyl 2-aminobenzoate; Methyl-oaminobenzoate; Methyl 2-anthranilate; Neroli oil, artificial Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Classification: Aromatic organic compd. Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and 2aminobenzoic acid Empirical: C8H9NO2 Formula: H2NC6H4CO2CH3 Properties: Cryst. or pale yel. liq., bluish fluorescence, grape-like odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerol; m.w. 151.18; dens. 1.167-1.175 (15 C); m.p. 23.8 C; b.p. 258-261 C; flash pt. 123 C; ref. index 1.583 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2910 mg/kg; poison by intravenous route; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx, CO, CO2 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods Features: Grape and berry flavor; orange scent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.60, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BASF http://www.basf.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Bio-Rad Labs http://www.bio-rad.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/ Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; 1544

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Methyl 2-anthranilate. See Methyl anthranilate N-Methylanthranilic acid, methyl ester. See Dimethyl anthranilate Methyl arachidate. See Methyl eicosanoate Methyl aspartylphenylalanate; 1-Methyl N-L-αaspartyl-L-phenylalanine. See Aspartame Methylated silica. See Siloxanes and silicones, dimethyl, reaction prods. with silica α-Methyl-α-benzalacetone. See 3-Methyl-4phenyl-3-buten-2-one 4-Methylbenzaldehyde; p-Methylbenzaldehyde. See p-Tolyl aldehyde Methyl benzaldehydes, mixed o-, m-, p-. See Tolyl aldehyde Methyl benzeneacetate. See Methyl phenylacetate Methyl benzenecarboxylate. See Methyl benzoate β-Methylbenzeneethanol. See 2-Phenyl propanol-1 α-Methylbenzenemethanol acetate. See αMethylbenzyl acetate Methyl benzene methanol acetate (mixed ortho,meta-,para-). See Methylbenzyl acetate, mixed o-, m-, pα-Methyl benzene methanol formate. See αMethylbenzyl formate α-Methyl benzene propanol. See 4-Phenyl-2butanol α- methyl benzene propanol acetate. See 4Phenyl-2-butyl acetate 2-Methylbenzenethiol; o-Methylbenzenethiol. See o-Thiocresol Methyl benzoate CAS 93-58-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-259-7 UN 2938 (DOT); FEMA 2683 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Benzoic acid methyl ester; Essence of niobe; Methyl benzenecarboxylate; Niobe oil; Oil of niobe Classification: aromatic ester Empirical: C8H8O2 Formula: C6H5COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq., fragrant odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol, water @ 30 C; misc. with alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 136.15; dens. 1.082-1.088; vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (39 C); m.p. -12.5 C; b.p. 199.6 C; flash pt. 181 F; ref. index 1.515 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1350 mg/kg; LDLo (skin, cat) 10 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizing materials; keep away from food Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Use Level: 0.5% max. as benzoic acid in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bayer/Industrial Chems./Textile http://bayermaterialscience.com Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Bio-Rad Labs http://www.bio-rad.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Chemial SpA http://www.chemial.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Kessler http://www.kesslerchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. 1545

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names Containing: Kiwifruit Treattarome 9770 4-Methylbenzoic acid methyl ester. See pCresyl acetate 6-Methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one; 6Methylbenzopyrone; 6-Methyl-1,2benzopyrone. See 6-Methylcoumarin α-Methylbenzyl acetate CAS 93-92-5; EINECS/ELINCS 202-288-5 FEMA 2684 Synonyms: Acetic acid, 1-phenylethyl ester; Benzenemethanol, α-methyl-, acetate; Benzyl alcohol, α-methyl-, acetate; Gardenol; α-Methylbenzenemethanol acetate; Methylphenylcarbinol acetate; Methylphenylcarbinyl acetate; s-Phenethyl acetate; 1-Phenylethyl acetate; αPhenylethyl acetate; s-Phenylethyl acetate; Phenylmethylcarbinyl acetate; Styrallyl acetate; Styralyl acetate; Styrolene acetate; Styrolyl acetate Empirical: C10H12O2 Formula: C6H5CH(CH3)OOCCH3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. clear liq., gardenia odor; sol. in fixed oils, glycerin; insol. in water; m.w. 164.20; dens. 1.023; vapor dens. > 1; f.p. 0 C; b.p. 94-95 C (12 mm); flash pt. 95 C; ref. index 1.493-1.497 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; avoid incompat. materials, strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Apple, apricot, pineapple, plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Privi Orgs. Ltd http://www.privi.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodiappa.com/ppa/home.jsp; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Methylbenzyl acetate, mixed o-, m-, pCAS 29759-11-3 FEMA 3702 Synonyms: Methyl benzene methanol acetate (mixed ortho-,meta-,para-); 1-Phenyl ethyl acetate (mixed ortho-,meta-,para-); Tolyl acetate Empirical: C10H12O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in benzyl benzoate, min. oil; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 164.20; sp. gr. 1.024001.04000; b.p. 215-220 C; acid no. 1 max.; ref. index 1.5015-1.5040 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in beverages Features: Sweet floral fruity herbal odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com p-Methylbenzylacetone. See 4-(p-Tolyl)-2butanone α-Methylbenzyl alcohol CAS 98-85-1; EINECS/ELINCS 202-707-1 UN 2937 (DOT); FEMA 2685 1546

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Benzenemethanol, α-methyl-; Ethanol, 1-phenyl-; Methyl phenylcarbinol; Methylphenylmethanol; α-Phenethyl alcohol; s-Phenethyl alcohol; 1Phenylethanol; α-Phenylethyl alcohol; Phenylmethylcarbinol; Styrallyl alcohol; Styralyl alcohol Classification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C8H10O Formula: C6H5CH(CH3)OH Properties: Colorless liq.; mild floral odor; sol. in alcohol, glycerol, min. oil, oxygenated and hydrocarbon solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 122.17; dens. 1.009-1.014; vapor pressure 0.1 mm (20 C); m.p. 20.7 C; b.p. 204 C; flash pt. (COC) 96 C); ref. index 1.525-1.529 (20 C); congeals below R.T. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 400 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 250 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2500 mg/kg; toxic; poison by ing., subcut. routes; mod. toxic by skin contact; primary skin irritant; severe eye irritant; cancer suspect agent; mutagen; tumorigen; target organ: kidneys; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; can react with oxidizers Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com

Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Methyl benzyl disulfide CAS 699-10-5 FEMA 3504 Synonyms: Benzyldithiomethane; Benzyl methyl disulfide; Methyl phenylmethyl disulfide Empirical: C8H10S2 Properties: Insol. in water; m.w. 170.29 ; sp. gr. 0.840; m.p. 61-62 C; b.p. 82-86 C (0.8 mm Hg) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, meat sauces, soups Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com α-Methylbenzyl formate CAS 7775-38-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-893-7 FEMA 2688 Synonyms: α-Methyl benzene methanol formate; Methyl phenylcarbinyl formate; 1Phenyl-1-ethyl formate; 1-Phenyl-1-ethyl methanoate; Styralyl formate Empirical: C9H10O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; woody mimosa gardenia odor; m.w. 150.18; sp. gr. 1.0421.050; b.p. 198 C; acid no. 2.0 max.; ref. index 1.502-1.508 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/

α-Methylbenzyl alcohol, propionate. See αMethylbenzyl propionate

1-Methyl-1-benzylidene-acetone. See 3-Methyl4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one

α-Methylbenzyl butyrate CAS 3460-44-4; EINECS/ELINCS 222-409-5 FEMA 2686 Synonyms: Methyl phenylcarbinyl butyrate; Styralyl butyrate Empirical: C12H16O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq.; m.w. 192.26; dens. 0.990; b.p. 83-84 C (3 mm); flash pt. 229 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL

Methylbenzyl isobutyrate CAS 7775-39-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-894-2 FEMA 2687 Synonyms: α-Methylbenzyl isobutyrate; αMethyl benzyl 2-methyl propanoate; Methyl phenylcarbinyl isobutyrate; 1-Phenylethyl 2-methylpropionate; Styralyl isobutyrate Empirical: C12H16O2 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 192.25 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Jasmin floral odor

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com α-Methylbenzyl isobutyrate; α-Methyl benzyl 2methyl propanoate. See Methylbenzyl isobutyrate α-Methylbenzyl propanoate. See αMethylbenzyl propionate α-Methylbenzyl propionate CAS 120-45-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-397-3 FEMA 2689 Synonyms: α-Methylbenzyl alcohol, propionate; α-Methylbenzyl propanoate; Methylphenylcarbinyl propionate; 1Phenylethyl propionate; Phenylmethylcarbinyl propionate; Styrallyl propionate; Styralyl propionate; Styrolyl propionate Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: C2H5CO2CH(CH3)C6H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 178.25; dens. 1.007; b.p. 91-92 (5 mm); ref. index 1.49 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5200 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 4- Methyl-beta-methylene cyclohex-3-ene-1ethanol. See p-Mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-ol 2-Methyl-4,5-bis (hydroxymethyl)-3hydroxypyridine. See Pyridoxine 3-Methyl-1,3-butadiene polymer with 2-methyl-1propene. See Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer 2-Methylbutanal; 2-Methylbutanal-1; 2-Methyl-1butanal. See 2-Methylbutyraldehyde 2-Methylbutanal-4; 3-Methylbutanal. See Isovaleraldehyde α-Methylbutanal. See 2-Methylbutyraldehyde 3-Methyl-1-butanamine. See Isoamylamine 2-Methylbutane-1-carboxylic acid. See 3Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methylpentanoic acid 3-Methylbutanethiol. See 3-Methyl-1-butanethiol 3-Methyl-1-butanethiol CAS 541-31-1 UN 1111; FEMA 3858 Synonyms: 3,3-Dimethyl-1-propanethiol; Isoamyl mercaptan; Isoamyl thiol; Isopentane thiol; Isopentyl mercaptan; 3Methylbutanethiol Classification: Sat. thioalcohol Empirical: C5H12S Properties: Colorless liq.; offensive skunk-like or onion/glue odor; sol. in oil, ethanol; insol. in water; m.w. 104.22; dens. 0.835 (20 C); m.p. 110.8 C; b.p. 117-118 C; flash pt. (CC) 18 C; ref. index 1.439-1.447; pH sl. acidic Toxicology: Ing. unlikely, but large doses can probably cause CNS depression; due to obnoxious odor, detectable before harmful airborne levels are reached; can probably cause nose/throat/lung irritation, CNS depression; may cause skin and eye irritation; vapors cause eye irritation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx, hydrogen sulfide gas Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Methyl butanoate; Methyl n-butanoate. See Methyl butyrate 2-Methylbutanoic acid. See 2-Methylbutyric acid 3-Methylbutanoic acid. See Isovaleric acid 3- Methyl butanoic acid ammonium salt. See Ammonium isovalerate 3-Methylbutanoic acid, butyl ester. See n-Butyl isovalerate 3-Methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl isovalerate 2-Methylbutanoic acid n-hexyl ester. See Hexyl 2-methylbutyrate 3-Methylbutanoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl isovalerate (1α,2β,5α)-3-Methylbutanoic acid 5-methyl-2-(1methylethyl) cyclohexyl ester. See Menthyl isovalerate 3-Methyl butanoic acid octyl ester. See Octyl isovalerate 2- Methyl butanoic acid pentyl ester. See Amyl 1548

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 2-methylbutyrate 3-Methylbutanoic acid, phenylethyl ester. See Benzyl isovalerate 3-Methylbutanoic acid 2-phenylethyl ester. See Phenethyl isovalerate 3-Methylbutanoic acid 3-phenyl-2-propenyl ester. See Cinnamyl isovalerate 3-Methylbutanoic acid, 2-propenyl ester. See Allyl isovalerate (1R-endo)-3-Methylbutanoic acid 1,7,7trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl ester. See Bornyl isovalerate 1-Methyl-1-butanol. See s-Amyl alcohol 2-Methyl butanol. See 2-Methyl-1-butanol 2-Methyl-1-butanol CAS 137-32-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-289-9 UN 1105; FEMA 3998 Synonyms: Active amyl alcohol; Active primary amyl alcohol; Amyl alcohol, active; dl-s-Butylcarbinol; s-Butyl carbinol; 2Methyl butanol; 2-Methyl butanol-1; 2Methyl-n-butanol; (±)-2-Methyl-1-butanol; 2Methylbutyl alcohol; Primary active amyl alcohol Classification: Primary aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C5H12O Formula: CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2OH Properties: Colorless liq.; sour sharp odor; m.w. 88.15; very sol. in acetone; sol. in alcohols, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 88.15; dens. 0.816 (20 C); vapor pressure 2.0 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. < -70 C; b.p. 128 C; flash pt. (TCC) 43 C; surf. tens. 25.7 dynes/cm (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4920 mg/kg; LDLo (skin, rabbit) 3540 mg/kg; mod. toxic by skin contact, IP; mildly toxic by ing.; can be absorbed through skin; inh. may cause nose/throat irritation, headache, dizziness, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting; eye, skin, mucous membrane irritant; severe exposures may produce double vision, deafness, delirium, severe nervous symptoms, fatalities; can cause severe lung damage, respiratory/cardiac arrest, or death if aspirated into lungs; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; explosive as vapor exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with oxidizing agents (increases fire/explosion hazard), hydrogen trisulfide (explosive reaction possible) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from corrosives Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Dow http://www.dow.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 2-Methyl butanol-1. See 2-Methyl-1-butanol 2-Methyl-4-butanol. See Isoamyl alcohol 2-Methyl-n-butanol. See 2-Methyl-1-butanol 3-Methylbutanol; 3-Methyl-1-butanol; 3Methylbutan-1-ol. See Isoamyl alcohol 3-Methyl-2-butanol CAS 598-75-4; EINECS/ELINCS 209-950-2 UN 1105; FEMA 3703 Synonyms: s-Isoamyl alcohol; Isoamyl alcohol, secondary; s-Isopentyl alcohol; Isopropyl methyl carbinol; 3-Methylbutan-2ol Classification: Sec. aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C5H12O Properties: Colorless liq.; mod. sol. in water; sol. in all proportions in alcohol and ether; m.w. 88.15; dens. 0.818 (20 C); b.p. 112 C; flash pt. (CC) 26 C Toxicology: Ing. can cause 'alcohol intoxication' symptoms (headache, dizziness, confusion, nausea, vomiting); severe exposure can cause unconsciousness and coma; if aspirated, severe lung damage, respiratory and cardiac arrest, and death can occur; vapors can cause irritation of nose/throat, headache, dyspnea, coughing, nausea, vomiting; may cause eye and sl. skin irritation; can be absorbed thru skin Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, aldehydes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages, jams, jellies, hard candy Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. 1549

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-Methylbutan-2-ol. See 3-Methyl-2-butanol (±)-2-Methyl-1-butanol. See 2-Methyl-1-butanol 2-Methyl-1-butanol acetate. See 2-Methylbutyl acetate 3-Methyl-1-butanol acetate. See Isoamyl acetate 3-Methyl-2-butene-1-ol. See 3-Methyl-2-buten-1ol Methyl (2E)-2-butenoate; Methyl trans-2butenoate. See Methyl crotonate 2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid; (E)-2-Methylbut-2enoic acid; trans-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid. See Tiglic acid Methyl-2-butenoic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl senecioate (E)-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl tiglate 2-Methyl-but-2-enoic acid isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl tiglate 2-Methyl-but-2-enoic acid phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl tiglate Methylbutenol. See 2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol 2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol CAS 115-18-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-068-4 Synonyms: 1,1-Dimethylallyl alcohol; 3Hydroxy-3-methyl-1-butene; Methylbutenol; 3-Methyl-1-buten-3-ol Empirical: C5H10O Formula: CH2:CHC(CH3)2OH Properties: Oily liq.; herbaceous earthy odor; m.w. 86.14; dens. 0.824 (20/4 C); b.p. 96-99 C; flash pt. 10 C; ref. index 1.418 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 1315 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 1680 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP and subcut. routes; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium 3-Methyl-1-buten-3-ol. See 2-Methyl-3-buten-2ol

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol CAS 556-82-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-141-4 FEMA 3647 Synonyms: Dimethylallyl alcohol; 3,3Dimethylallyl alcohol; γ,γ-Dimethylallyl alcohol; 3-Methyl-2-butene-1-ol; 3Methylbut-2-en-1-ol; Prenol; Prenyl alcohol; Vertenol Empirical: C5H10O Formula: (CH3)2C:CHCH2OH Properties: Oily liq.; m.w. 86.14; dens. 0.861 (20/4 C); b.p. 143-144 C; flash pt. 110 F; ref. index 1.443 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 810 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3900 mg/kg; mod. toxic by skin contact and ing.; harmful if swallowed; irritating to skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, baked goods, hard and soft candy, puddings, beverages, confectionery, frostings, jams, jellies, chewing gum Features: Fresh, herbal, green, fruity, sl. lavender-like flavor and fragrance Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Prenol 3-Methylbut-2-en-1-ol. See 3-Methyl-2-buten-1ol 1-Methylbutyl acetate. See s-Amyl acetate 2-Methylbutyl acetate CAS 624-41-9; 53496-15-4; EINECS/ELINCS 210-843-8 FEMA 3644 Synonyms: Acetic acid 2-methylbutyl ester; 1Butanol, 2-methyl-, acetate; 2-Methyl-1butanol acetate; Methyl-2-butyl acetate; 2Methyl-1-butyl acetate; Pentyl acetate (all isomers) Empirical: C7H14O2 Properties: Liq.; fruity banana odor; m.w. 130.19; dens. 0.876; b.p. 138 C (741 mm); flash pt. 35 C; ref. index 1.4010 1550

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm; STEL 100 ppm; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; vapor may flash back; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat, sparks, and flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, hard and soft candy, puddings, confectionery, frostings, jams, jellies, chewing gum Features: Fruity banana-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Methyl-2-butyl acetate; 2-Methyl-1-butyl acetate. See 2-Methylbutyl acetate 3-Methylbutyl acetate; 3-Methyl-1-butyl acetate; β-Methylbutyl acetate. See Isoamyl acetate 2-Methylbutyl alcohol. See 2-Methyl-1-butanol 3-Methylbutylamine; 3-Methyl-1-butylamine. See Isoamylamine 1-(3-Methyl) butyl benzoate; 3-Methylbutyl benzoate. See Isoamyl benzoate 1-Methylbutyl butanoate. See 2-Pentyl butyrate 3-Methylbutyl butyrate. See Isoamyl butyrate 3-Methylbutyl dodecanoate. See Isoamyl laurate 3-Methylbutyl ester. See Isoamyl salicylate 3-Methylbutyl ethanoate. See Isoamyl acetate 3-Methylbutyl formate. See Isoamyl formate 3-Methyl butyl 2-furan butanoate. See Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate 2-Methylbutyl isovalerate CAS 2445-77-4; EINECS/ELINCS 219-496-7 FEMA 3506 Synonyms: 2-Methylbutyl-3-methylbutanoate Empirical: C10H20O2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Liq.; fruit-like, herbaceous sl. earthy odor; fruit-like, balsamic-herbaceous taste in dils. < 50 ppm; m.w. 172.27; dens. 0.858; flash pt. 143 F; sp.gr. 0.857; b.p. 375 F flash pt. (TCC) 141 F; ref. index 1.414 (20 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Apple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-Methylbutyl methanoate. See Isoamyl formate 1-Methyl-4-t-butyl-3-methoxy-2,6dinitrobenzene. See Musk ambrette 2-Methylbutyl 2-methylbutanoate. See Methyl-2butyl-2-methylbutyrate 2-Methylbutyl-3-methylbutanoate. See 2Methylbutyl isovalerate 3-Methylbutyl 2-methylbutanoate. See Isoamyl2-methylbutyrate Methyl-2-butyl-2-methylbutyrate CAS 2445-78-5; EINECS/ELINCS 219-497-2 FEMA 3359 Synonyms: 2-Methylbutyl 2-methylbutanoate; 2-Methyl butyl 2-methyl butyrate; DL-2Methylbutyric acid 2-methylbutyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C10H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sweet fruity berry apple grn. waxy odor; m.w. 172.27; sp.gr. 0.847-0.856; dens. 7.048-7.123 lb/gal; b.p. 184-187 C; flash pt. (CC) 65 C; ref. index 1.401-1.420 (20 C) Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from heat, open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Grau Aromatics 1551

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 2-Methyl butyl 2-methyl butyrate. See Methyl-2butyl-2-methylbutyrate 3-Methylbutyl 2-methylpropanoate. See Isoamyl isobutyrate 3-Methyl butyl nonanoate. See Isoamyl nonanoate 3-Methylbutyl octanoate. See Isoamyl octanoate Methyl 4-t-butylphenylacetate. See Methyl p-tbutylphenylacetate Methyl p-t-butylphenylacetate CAS 3549-23-3; 33155-60-1; EINECS/ELINCS 222-602-4 FEMA 2690 Synonyms: 4-t-Butylphenylacetic acid, methyl ester; Methyl 4-t-butylphenylacetate Empirical: C13H18O2 Formula: (CH3)3CC6H4CH2CO2CH3 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; m.w. 206.29; dens. 0.999; b.p. 106 C (2 mm); flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.5010 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry lace; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 3-Methylbutyl propanoate. See Isoamyl propionate 3-Methylbutyl salicylate. See Isoamyl salicylate 2-Methylbutyraldehyde CAS 96-17-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-485-6 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 2691 Synonyms: Acetaldehyde, methylethyl-; Butanal, 2-methyl-; Butyraldehyde, 2methyl-; 2-Formylbutane; 2-Methylbutanal; 2-Methylbutanal-1; 2-Methyl-1-butanal; αMethylbutanal; α-Methylbutyraldehyde; 2Methyl butyric aldehyde; α-Methyl butyric aldehyde; Methyl ethyl acetaldehyde Empirical: C5H10O Formula: C2H5CH(CH3)CHO Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; unpleasant odor; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 86.13; dens. 0.82 (20/4 C); b.p. 90-92 C; flash pt. 40 F; ref. index 1.3869 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6400 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5730 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) 14,000 ppm; mildly toxic by ing., inh., skin contact; primary skin and eye irritant; severe eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos.; air-sensitive; handle and store under nitrogen; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Chocolate flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-Methylbutyraldehyde. See Isovaleraldehyde α-Methylbutyraldehyde. See 2Methylbutyraldehyde Methyl butyrate CAS 623-42-7; EINECS/ELINCS 210-792-1 UN 1237 (DOT); FEMA 2693 Synonyms: Butanoic acid methyl ester; Butyric acid, methyl ester; Methyl butanoate; Methyl n-butanoate; Methyl-nbutyrate 1552

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C5H10O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; apple-like odor; sol. in about 60 parts water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 102.14; dens. 0.898 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 40 mm (29.6 C); m.p. -95 C; b.p. 99102 C; flash pt. 14 C; ref. index 1.388 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3560 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse, 2 h) 18 g/m3; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 1.25 Precaution: Highly flamm.; dangerous fire risk exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; can react vigorously with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; mfg. of artificial rum and fruit essences Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Eastern Chem. http://www.easternchemicalcorp.com/index 3.php; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; United-Guardian http://www.u-g.com/ Trade Names Containing: Kiwifruit Treattarome 9770 2-Methylbutyrate. See 2-Methylbutyric acid Methyl-n-butyrate. See Methyl butyrate 2-Methylbutyric acid CAS 116-53-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-145-2 UN 3265; 2922; FEMA 2695 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Active valeric acid; Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-; Butyric acid, 2-methyl-; Carboxylic acid C5; Ethylmethylacetic acid; 2-Methylbutanoic acid; 2-Methylbutyrate; αMethylbutyric acid; Methylethylacetic acid Classification: Nonaromatic carboxylic acid Definition: Commercial prod. is a racemic mixt. Empirical: C5H10O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH(CH3)COOH Properties: Colorless liq.; strong unpleasant odor; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 102.14; dens. 0.934 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 0.5 mm Hg; b.p. 173-176 C; flash pt. 83 C; ref. index 1.4055 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1870 µl/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1460 µl/kg; toxic; serious effects if swallowed; harmful by skin contact; skin/eye irritant; corrosive; causes burns; may cause hypermotility, diarrhea, salivary gland changes, ataxia; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; avoid strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, alkaline materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, cheese, Roquefort cheese, cream and chocolate flavors Features: Fruity flavor, fruity on dilution Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BASF http://www.basf.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch1553

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 3-Methylbutyric acid. See Isovaleric acid α-Methylbutyric acid. See 2-Methylbutyric acid β-Methylbutyric acid. See Isovaleric acid 3-Methylbutyric acid, allyl ester. See Allyl isovalerate 3-Methylbutyric acid, 3,7-dimethyl-octa-2,6dienyl ester. See Neryl isovalerate; Geranyl isovalerate 3-Methylbutyric acid, 1,5-dimethyl-1-vinyl-hex-4enyl ester. See Linalyl isovalerate 3-Methylbutyric acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl isovalerate 2-Methylbutyric acid cis-3-hexen-1-yl ester. See cis-3-Hexenyl 2-methylbutyrate 3-Methylbutyric acid hexyl ester. See Hexyl isovalerate DL-2-Methylbutyric acid 2-methylbutyl ester. See Methyl-2-butyl-2-methylbutyrate 2-Methylbutyric acid, phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl-2-methylbutyrate 3-Methylbutyric acid phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl isovalerate 2-Methyl butyric aldehyde; α-Methyl butyric aldehyde. See 2-Methylbutyraldehyde 3-Methylbutyrolactone; 4-Methyl-γbutyrolactone; γ-Methyl-γ-butyrolactone. See γ-Valerolactone Methyl canolate CAS 73891-99-3 Synonyms: Alkyl C16-18 methyl esters; Canola methyl ester; Canola oil, methyl ester; Rape oil, methyl ester; Rapeseed oil, methyl ester Definition: Methyl esters of canola oil Properties: Lt. colored liq.; mild fatty odor; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.876 (20 C); vapor pressure 0.6 mm Hg (68 F); b.p. 425 F (20 mm Hg); flash pt. (TCC) > 93 C; KB value 58 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV none; nonirritating to skin, eyes; noncorrosive; TSCA listed Environmental: Environmentally friendly; readily biodeg.; low VOC; avoid uncontrolled release into environment Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis; spillages may be slippery Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store away from open flames, excessive heat Regulatory: SARA §311/312 nonhazardous, §313 nonreportable; DOT cleaning compd. n.o.s.; non-HAP; SNAP listed Manuf./Distrib.: Anar http://anarsoapandchemical.com/; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Trade Names: Oleocal® ME-112 Methyl caprate CAS 110-42-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-766-6 Synonyms: Capric acid methyl ester; Decanoic acid, methyl ester; Methyl ncaprate; Methyl caprinate; Methyl decanoate; Methyl n-decanoate Empirical: C11H22O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)8COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; pleasant odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 186.17; dens. 0.8733 (20/4 C); f.p. -13.3 C; b.p. 224 C, 130.6 C (30 mm); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.4250 Toxicology: LDLo (IV, mouse) 48 mg/kg; poison by IV route; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Methyl n-caprate; Methyl caprinate. See Methyl caprate Methyl caproate CAS 106-70-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-425-1 UN 3272; FEMA 2708 Synonyms: Hexanoic acid, methyl ester; 1554

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methyl capronate; Methyl hexanoate; Methyl 2-hexanoate; Methyl n-hexanoate; Methyl hexoate; Methyl hexylate Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and caproic acid Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)4COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; pleasant, fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 130.19; dens. 0.884 (20/4 C); vapor dens. 4.4; f.p. -71 C; b.p. 150-151 C; flash pt. 43 C; ref. index 1.405 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, guinea pig) > 5 g/kg; LDLo (IV, mouse) 48 mg/kg; poison by IV route; sl. toxic by ing., inh., skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke, irritating vapors, COx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Methyl capronate. See Methyl caproate Methyl caprylate CAS 111-11-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-835-0 FEMA 2728 Synonyms: Caprylic acid, methyl ester; Methyl octanoate; Octanoic acid, methyl ester Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and caprylic acid Empirical: C9H18O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)6COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.875 (20/4 C); f.p. -37.3 C; b.p. 193-194 C; flash pt. 69 C; ref. index 1.417 (20 C) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Toxicology: LDLo (IV, mouse) 48 mg/kg; poison by IV route; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 172.515, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Methyl caprylate/caprate CAS 67762-39-4; 68937-83-7 Synonyms: Mixed decanoic and octanoic acids, methyl esters Definition: Mixture of esters of methyl alcohol and caprylic and capric acids Properties: Clear liq.; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.87; m.p. -30 C; b.p. 100 C; flash pt. 75 C Uses: Food coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Methylcarbinol. See Alcohol Methylcatechol; o-Methylcatechol. See Guaiacol Methyl 'Cellosolve'. See Methoxyethanol Methylcellulose CAS 9004-67-5 FEMA 2696; INS461; E461 Synonyms: Cellulose methyl; Cellulose methylate; Cellulose methyl ether; Citrucel; Cologel; MC; Methocel; Methyl cellulose ether Definition: Methyl ether of cellulose Properties: Grayish-wh. fibrous powd., odorless, tasteless; aq. suspension swells in water to visc. colloidal sol'n.; sol. in cold water, glacial 1555

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acetic acid, some org. solvs.; insol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, warm water; m.w. 86,000115,000 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 275 g/kg; LDLo (IV, mouse) 1 g/kg; poison by IP route; nonallergenic; may cause immune responses; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, emulsifier, bodying agent, bulking agent, binder, filmformer in foods, baked goods, fruit pie fillings; extender and stabilizer for meat and vegetable patties Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §150.141, 150.161, 175.105, 175.210, 175.300, 176.200, 177.2260, 182.1480, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, limitation 0.15% in meat and vegetable prods.; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan restricted (2% max.); Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for buccals, injectables, ophthalmics, orals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Akzo Nobel UK http://www.akzonobel.uk.com/; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Arthur Branwell http://www.branwell.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com Colorcon http://www.colorcon.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com; Hercules http://www.herc.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.integrachem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nordmann Rassmann GmbH http://www.nrc.de/; Omya UK http://www.omya.co.uk/web/omya_uk.nsf/H omePage_Lang1?OpenForm&omya_langid =1&omya_navid=0000; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Roeper GmbH http://www.roeper.de; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Shin-Etsu http://www.silicone.jp/e/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Benecel® Methylcellulose; Benecel® M 042; Benecel® M 043; Methocel® A4C Premium; Methocel® A15C Premium Methocel® A15LV Premium Methyl cellulose ether. See Methylcellulose Methyl chavicol. See Estragole Methyl chloride CAS 74-87-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-817-4 UN 1063 (DOT) Synonyms: Chloromethane; Methane, chloro-; Monochloromethane; Refrigerant R40 Classification: Haloalkane Definition: Obtained by direct reaction of methanol and hydrogen chloride or of methane with chlorine Empirical: CH3Cl Properties: Colorless gas; faint sweet ethereal odor; sweet taste; sol. in alcohol; misc. with chloroform, ether, glac. acetic acid; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 50.49; dens. 0.918 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 4300 mm Hg; m.p. -97 C; b.p. -23.7 C; flash pt. -50 C; autoignition temp. 632 C; ref. index 1.334; surf. tens. 15.19 dynes/cm Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm; STEL 100 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 1800 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., human, 2 h) 20,000 ppm; mildly toxic by inh.; human systemic effects; can cause convulsions, nausea, vomiting; sl. irritant; some narcotic effect; high concs. may cause CNS effects, coma, or death; may affect liver, kidneys, bone marrow; 1556

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference tumorigen, mutagen; reproductive effects; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 0.95 Precaution: Flamm. gas; LEL 8.1%; UEL 17.4%; very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, or powerful oxidizers; mod. explosion hazard; explodes on contact with interhalogens, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc, or their alloys Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of Cl– NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 4, Reactivity 0 Uses: Process solvent in the manufacture of food prods. Regulatory: SARA §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; HAP; permitted as food additive; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ARC http://www.balchem.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alexander http://www.alexanderchemical.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Dow http://www.dow.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp Methylchloromethyl ether. See Chloromethyl methyl ether 4-methyl cinnamaldehyde. See pMethylcinnamaldehyde α-Methylcinnamaldehyde CAS 101-39-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-938-8 FEMA 2697 Synonyms: Methyl cinnamic aldehyde; αMethyl cinnamic aldehyde; α-Methyl cinnimal; 2-Methyl-3-phenyl-2-propenal; 2Methyl-3-phenyl-propenyl; 3-Phenyl-2methylacrolein Classification: Aromatic aldehyde Empirical: C10H10O Properties: Yel. liq.; cinnamon odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 146.19; dens. 1.037; b.p. 148-149 C (27 mm); flash pt. 175 F; ref. index 1.6050 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2050 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Cinnamon-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Methylcinnamaldehyde CAS 1504-75-2 FEMA 3640 Synonyms: 4-methyl cinnamaldehyde; 3-(4Methyl phenyl)-2-propenal; 3-p-Methyl phenyl propenal; 3-(p-Methyl phenyl) propenal; 3-p-Tolyl propenal Empirical: C10H10O Properties: Pale yel. to yel. crystals; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.p. 41.5-43 C; b.p. 154 C; acid no. 5.0 max. Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Methyl cinnamate CAS 103-26-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-093-8 FEMA 2698 Synonyms: Methyl cinnamylate; Methyl-3phenyl propenoate; 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid methyl ester Empirical: C10H10O2 Formula: C6H5CH:CHCOOCH3 Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. cryst., fruity strawberry-like odor; very sol. in alcohol, ether; sol. in fixed oils, glycerin, propylene glycol, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 162.20; dens. 1.042 (36/0 C); m.p. 33.4 C; b.p. 263 C; flash pt. > 212 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2610 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, 1557

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods Features: Balsamic, fruity fragrance and flavor, strawberry-like on dilution Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de BASF http://www.basf.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Methyl cinnamic aldehyde; α-Methyl cinnamic aldehyde. See α-Methylcinnamaldehyde Methyl cinnamylate. See Methyl cinnamate α-Methyl cinnimal. See αMethylcinnamaldehyde Methyl cocoate CAS 61788-59-8; EINECS/ELINCS 262-988-1 Synonyms: Coconut acid methyl ester; Fatty acids, coco, methyl esters; Methyl ester of coconut oil fatty acids Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and coconut fatty acids Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: RCO–OCH3, RCO– represents the fatty acids derived from coconut oil Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Ingred. in food coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 175.105, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3910; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be 6-Methylcoumarin CAS 92-48-8; EINECS/ELINCS 202-158-8 FEMA 2699 Synonyms: 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 6-methyl; 6-MC; 6-Methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one; 6Methylbenzopyrone; 6-Methyl-1,2benzopyrone; 6-Methylcoumarinic anhydride Classification: Heterocyclic compd.; lactone Empirical: C10H8O2 Properties: Wh. cryst.; dry herbaceous coconut; m.w. 160.17; m.p. 73-76 C; b.p. 303 C (725 mm) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1680 mg/kg, (subcut, mouse) 253 mg/kg; poison by subcut. route; mod. toxic by ing.; harmful; skin irritant; possible mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; photosensitizer Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Coconut-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; prohibited in cosmetics (Europe); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com 6-Methylcoumarinic anhydride. See 6Methylcoumarin 6-Methyl-m-cresol. See 2,5-Xylenol Methyl p-cresol. See p-Methylanisole

1558

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methyl crotonate CAS 623-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 210-793-7 Synonyms: 2-Butenoic acid, methyl ester, (E)-; trans-2-Butenoic acid methyl ester; Crotonic acid, methyl ester, (E)-; (E)Crotonic acid methyl ester; Methyl (2E)-2butenoate; Methyl trans-2-butenoate; Methyl α-crotonate; Methyl E-crotonate; Methyl trans-crotonate; trans-Methyl crotonate Classification: Ester Empirical: C5H8O2 Formula: CH3CH=CHC(O)OCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 100.1; sp.gr. 0.945; b.p. 116-120 C; flash pt. (CC) -1 C; ref. index 1.425 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 3200 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; harmful liq. and fumes; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; harmful by ing., inh., skin contact; vapor/mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm. liq.; vapor may flash back; container explosion may occur under fire conditions; take precautions against static discharges; incompat. with oxidizing agents, bases, acids, heat Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from heat, sparks, open flame, ignition sources; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Methyl α-crotonate; Methyl E-crotonate; Methyl trans-crotonate; trans-Methyl crotonate. See Methyl crotonate α-Methylcrotonic acid; (E)-2-Methyl crotonic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acid; trans-2-Methyl crotonic acid. See Tiglic acid p-Methylcumene. See p-Cymene Methyl cyclodextrin (INCI). See Methyl-βcyclodextrin Methyl-α-cyclodextrin Uses: Chelating agent, solubilizer, bioavailability enhancer, flavor/odor/color masking agent, stabilizer (against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis), antioxidant in foods Features: Complex hosting guest molecules; turns liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds. Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Methyl-β-cyclodextrin CAS 128446-36-6 Synonyms: Methyl cyclodextrin (INCI) Classification: Cyclic oligosaccharides Definition: Prod. obtained by methylation of cyclodextrin Uses: Chelating agent, solubilizer, bioavailability enhancer, flavor/odor/color masking agent, stabilizer (against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis), antioxidant in foods Features: Complex hosting guest molecules; turns liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds. Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Trade Names: Cavasol® W7 M TL Methyl-γ-cyclodextrin Definition: Complex hosting guest molecule Uses: Chelating agent, solubilizer, bioavailability enhancer, flavor/odor/color masking agent, stabilizer (against light, oxidation, heat, and hydrolysis), antioxidant in foods Features: Complex hosting guest molecules; turns liqs. or volatiles into stable solid powds. Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com 2-Methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene CAS 1489-57-2; EINECS/ELINCS 216-072-3 Synonyms: 4,5- Dihydrotoluene Classification: Alkene Empirical: C7H10 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol in water; m.w. 94.15; dens. 0.848 ± 0.06 g/cc; b.p. 107-108 C; ref. index 1.480 ± 0.02 1559

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Storage: Hygroscopic; handle under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515 1-Methyl-2,6-cyclohexanedione. See 2-Methyl1,3-cyclohexanedione 2-Methyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione CAS 1193-55-1; EINECS/ELINCS 214-773-9 Synonyms: 1,3-Cyclohexanedione, 2-methyl-; 1-Methyl-2,6-cyclohexanedione; 2Methylcyclohexane-1,3-dione Empirical: C7H10O2 Properties: Off-wh. to pale yel. powd.; m.w. 126.16; m.p. 206-208 C Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Hygroscopic; handle under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Wilshire http://users.aol.com/wilshrchem/chmlist2.ht m 2-Methylcyclohexane-1,3-dione. See 2-Methyl1,3-cyclohexanedione 3-Methylcyclohex-2-enone. See 3-Methyl-2cyclohexen-1-one 3-Methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one CAS 1193-18-6; EINECS/ELINCS 214-769-7 FEMA 3360 Synonyms: 3-Methylcyclohex-2-enone; Nutty cyclohexone; Seudenone Classification: Nonaromatic ketone Empirical: C7H10O Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; m.w. 110.16; sp.gr. 0.971; b.p. 199-200 C; flash pt. 155 F; ref. index 1.4940 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1600 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Medicinal, mild cherry flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fluka Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-Methylcyclopentan-1,2-dione; 3Methylcyclopentane-1,2-dione. See 3-Methyl2-cyclopenten-2-ol-1-one 3-Methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione; 3Methylcyclopentane-1,2-dione; 3-Methyl-1,2cyclopentanedione anhydrous. See Methyl cyclopentenolone 3-Methyl-2-cyclopentene-2-ol-one. See 3Methyl-2-cyclopenten-2-ol-1-one Methyl cyclopentenolone CAS 765-70-8; EINECS/ELINCS 212-154-8 FEMA 2700 Synonyms: Corylone; Cyclotene; 2-Hydroxy-3methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one; Kentonarome; MCP; 3-Methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione; 3Methylcyclopentane-1,2-dione; 3-Methyl1,2-cyclopentanedione anhydrous Classification: Nonaromatic ketone Empirical: C6H8O2 Properties: Very sl. yel. lumps; roasted chestnut odor; m.w. 112.13; m.p. 105-107 C Toxicology: Avoid direct contact with skin, eyes; avoid inh.; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, irritating and toxic fumes and gases HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com 1560

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com See also 3-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-2-ol-1-one Methyl-2-cyclopenten-2-ol-1-one. See 3-Methyl2-cyclopenten-2-ol-1-one 3-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-2-ol-1-one CAS 80-71-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-303-2 FEMA 2700 Synonyms: 2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 2-hydroxy-3methyl-; Cyclotene; 2-Hydroxy-3methylcyclopent-2-enone; 2-Hydroxy-3methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one; Hydroxy-3methylcyclopent-2-en-1-one; Kentonarome; Maple lactone; 3-Methylcyclopentan-1,2dione; 3-Methylcyclopentane-1,2-dione; 3Methyl-2-cyclopentene-2-ol-one; Methyl cyclopentenolone; Methyl-2-cyclopenten-2ol-1-one Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C6H8O2 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; nutty odor, maple odor on dilution; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water, fixed oils; m.w. 112.12; m.p. 106 C; flash pt. 212 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, guinea pig) 1400 mg/kg; LDLo (IP, rat) 500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; GuiZhou Essence http://www.eschemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

See also Methyl cyclopentenolone Methyl decanoate; Methyl n-decanoate. See Methyl caprate Methyl decyne carbonate. See Methyl 2undecynoate 4-Methyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol; Methyl di-tbutylphenol. See BHT Methyl dihydrojasmonate CAS 2630-39-9; 24851-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 220-112-5; 246-495-9; 253-379-1 FEMA 3408 Synonyms: 2-Amylcyclopentanoneacetic acid methyl ester; 3-(Carbomethoxymethyl)-2pentylcyclopentanone; Cyclopentaneacetic acid, 3-oxo-2-pentyl-, methyl ester; Methyl (2-amyl-3-oxocyclopentyl) acetate; Methyl 2-hexyl-3-oxocyclopentanecarboxylate; Methyl (1R-trans)-3-oxo-2pentylcyclopentaneacetate; Methyl 3-oxo-2pentylcyclopentaneacetate; 3-Oxo-2pentylcyclopentaneacetic acid, methyl ester Classification: Organic compd.; cycloaliphatic ester Empirical: C13H22O3 Properties: Colorless iq.; fruity, jasmine-like odor; sol. in ethanol; m.w. 226.32; sp.gr. 0.998-1.006; flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.457-1.461; acid value 0-1 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trade Names: Claigeon® Methyl dimethylacetate. See Methyl isobutyrate Methyl 2,4-dimethylphenyl ketone. See 2,4Dimethylacetophenone Methyl disulfide CAS 624-92-0; EINECS/ELINCS 210-871-0 UN 2381 (DOT); FEMA 3536 Synonyms: Dimethyl disulfide; 2,3Dithiobutane; DMDS; MDS; Methyldithiomethane Classification: Alkyl disulfide 1561

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C2H6S2 Formula: CH3SSCH3 Properties: Pale yel. liq.; disagreeable onion odor; very sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 94.20; sp.gr. 1.062 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 28.6 mm Hg; m.p. -84.7 C; b.p. 108110 C; flash pt. (CC) 16 C; ref. index 1.527 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (mammal) 138 mg/kg; skin and eye irritant; very toxic by inh. in animal tests; breaks down to methyl mercaptan in body; inh. of vapors probably causes headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting; massive exposure can be fatal; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; incompat. with oxidizing agents (can react violently), reducing materials (can produce methyl mercaptan), copper and alloys (can react corrosively) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; prevent release of mists into workplace air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, meats, soft candy, puddings, beverages, nonalcoholic beverages, condiments, relishes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Methyldithiomethane. See Methyl disulfide Methyl dodecanoate; Methyl n-dodecanoate; Methyl dodecylate. See Methyl laurate Methyl eicosanoate CAS 1120-28-1; EINECS/ELINCS 214-304-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Eicosanoic acid methyl ester; Methyl arachidate Definition: Methyl ester of arachidic acid Empirical: C21H42O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)18COOCH3 Properties: Waxy solid; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 326.57; m.p. 45.8 C; b.p. 284 C (100 mm); ref. index 1.4352 (50 C) Uses: Defoamer and nutrient in fermentation Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Kemester® 2050 Methyl enanthate. See Methyl heptanoate Methylene bichloride. See Methylene chloride Methylene chloride CAS 75-09-2; EINECS/ELINCS 200-838-9 UN 1593 (DOT) Synonyms: DCM; Dichloromethane; Freon 30; MDC; Methane dichloride; Methane-, dichloro-; Methylene bichloride; Methylene dichloride Classification: Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon Empirical: CH2Cl2 Properties: Colorless clear volatile liq., penetrating ether-like odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, phenols, aldehydes, ketones; misc. with fixed and volatile oils, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; mod. sol. in water; m.w. 84.93; dens. 1.335 (15/4 C); vapor pressure 380 mm (22 C); f.p. -97 C; b.p. 40.1 C; autoignition temp. 556 C; ref. index 1.4244 (20 C); KB value 136; nonflamm. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 2136 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 437 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 6460 mg/kg; very toxic; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing., subcut., IP routes; mildly toxic by inh.; human systemic effects; eye and severe skin irritant; narcotic in high concs.; confirmed carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effector; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: ThOD 0.38 Precaution: Explosive as vapor exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with methanol, Al powd., amines, quat. ion exchange resins (azide form), DMSO, perchloric acid, alkali metals, nitric acid, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Contact with hot 1562

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference surfaces cause decomp., yielding toxic fumes; heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of phosgene and Cl– NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight; keep quantities stored as small as possible Uses: Extraction solvent in decaffeinated coffee, fruits, hops extract, spice oleoresins, vegetables; color diluent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1 (no residue), 73.30, 73.345, 73.615, 172.560, 173.255, 175.105, 177.1580, 177.1585; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL; SARA §311/312 acute health/chronic health hazard, §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; Calif. Prop. 65 reportable; HAP; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMC Chems.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com Dow http://www.dow.com; Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kessler http://www.kesslerchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Primachem; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp Methylene dichloride. See Methylene chloride 3,4-Methylene dihydroxybenzaldehyde. See Heliotropine 1,2-Methylenedioxy-4-allylbenzene; 3,4Methylenedioxy allylbenzene; 3,4Methylenedioxy-1-allylbenzene. See Safrol 3,4-Methylenedioxybenzaldehyde. See Heliotropine Methylenedioxybenzene. See 1,2Methylenedioxybenzene 1,2-Methylenedioxybenzene CAS 274-09-9; EINECS/ELINCS 205-992-0 Synonyms: 1,3-Benzodioxole; 1,3Dioxaindane; MDB; Methylenedioxybenzene Classification: Aromatic ether Empirical: C7H6O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 122.12; dens. 1.064; b.p. 172-173 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 580 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 1220 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Intermediate for mfg. of flavors Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; EMS-Dottikon AG http://www.emsdottikon.ch; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Int'l. Fiber http://www.ifcfiber.com/ 3,4-Methylenedioxybenzyl acetate. See Piperonyl acetate 3,4-Methylenedioxybenzyl isobutyrate. See Piperonyl isobutyrate 3,4-Methylenedioxyphenol. See Sesamol 4-(3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butanone. See Piperonyl acetone 1,2-Methylenedioxy-4-propenylbenzene; 3,4Methylenedioxy-1-propenylbenzene. See Isosafrole Methylene ether of oxyquinone. See Sesamol 1563

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methylene glycol. See Formaldehyde 3-Methylene-7-methyl-1,6-octadiene. See Myrcene 3,4-Methyleneprotocatechuic aldehyde. See Heliotropine Methylenesuccinic acid. See Itaconic acid 8-Methylene-4,11,11-(trimethyl) bicyclo (7.2.0) undec-4-ene; trans-(1R,9S)-8-Methylene4,11,11-trimethylbicyclo[7.2.0] undec-4-ene. See β-Caryophyllene Methyl epi-jasmonate. See Methyl jasmonate Methyl ester of benzenebutanoic acid. See Methyl 4-phenylbutyrate Methyl ester of coconut oil fatty acids. See Methyl cocoate Methyl esters of fatty acids CAS 977050-68-2 INS911 Uses: Glazing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.200, 177.2260, 178.3910 Methyl esters of soybean oil. See Methyl soyate Methyl ester stearic acid. See Methyl stearate Methyl ester of wood rosin. See Methyl rosinate Methyl ethanoate. See Methyl acetate 2-Methylethanoate. See Isopropyl acetate 1-Methylethanol. See Isopropyl alcohol (S)-4-(1-Methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene-1carboxaldehyde; L-4-(1-Methylethenyl)-1cylcohexene-1-carboxaldehyde. See Perillaldehyde Methyl ethyl acetaldehyde. See 2Methylbutyraldehyde 1-Methylethyl acetate. See Isopropyl acetate Methylethylacetic acid. See 2-Methylbutyric acid 1-Methylethyl alcohol. See Isopropyl alcohol 4-(1-Methylethyl) benzaldehyde. See Cuminaldehyde 1-Methyl ethyl benzene acetate. See Isopropyl phenylacetate 1-Methylethyl benzoate. See Isopropyl benzoate 1-Methyl ethyl butanoate. See Isopropyl butyrate Methyl ethyl carbinol. See 2-Butanol Methyl ethyl cellulose CAS 9004-59-5 INS465; E465 Synonyms: Cellulose, methyl ethyl; Ethylmethylcellulose Definition: Methyl ether of ethylcellulose where Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

both methyl and ethyl groups are attached to anhydroglucose units by ether linkages Formula: [C6H(10-x-y)O5(CH3)x(C2H5)y]n, x = no. of methyl groups, y = no. of ethyl groups Properties: Wh. fibrous solid or powd.; disp. in water; visc. 2-60 cps (2.5 g/100 ml aq.) Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Food additive; emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, suspending agent, gellant, aerating agent, foaming agent, foam stabilizer in foods, meringues, whipped toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.872; Europe listed; UK approved; Australian approved food additive Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Akzo Nobel UK http://www.akzonobel.uk.com/; Dutch Protein & Services BV http://www.dpsfood.nl/; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com Methyl ethyl diketone. See Pentane-2,3-dione 1-Methylethylene 2-ethylhexanoate. See Propylene glycol dioctanoate Methyl ethylene glycol. See Propylene glycol Methyl ethylene oxide. See Propylene oxide 1-Methyl ethyl formate. See Isopropyl formate Methyl ethyl glycol. See Propylene glycol Methyl ethyl glyoxal. See Pentane-2,3-dione 1-Methylethyl-4-hydroxybenzoate. See Isopropylparaben Methyl ethyl ketone CAS 78-93-3; EINECS/ELINCS 201-159-0 UN 1193 (DOT); FEMA 2170 Synonyms: Butanone; 2-Butanone; 3Butanone; Ethyl methyl ketone; MEK (INCI); Methyl acetone; Methyl-2-propanone; 2Oxobutane Classification: Sat. aliphatic ketone Empirical: C4H8O Formula: CH3COCH2CH3 Properties: Colorless liq., acetone-like odor; sol. in 4 parts water, benzene, alcohol, ether, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; misc. with fixed oils; m.w. 72.10; dens. 0.8255 (0/4 C); vapor pressure 71.2 mm (20 C); visc. 0.40 cp; m.p. -86 C; b.p. 79.6 C; flash pt. (TOC) 24 F; ref. index 1.3814 (15 C) 1564

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 200 ppm; STEL 300 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 2737 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 616 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, IP routes; toxic by inh.; strong irritant; mod. to severe eye irritant; human eye irritant @ 350 ppm; affects CNS; ing. of extremely high concs. may cause loss of consciousness or death; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 2.03; COD 2.31; ThOD 2.44 Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq; dangerous fire risk; explosive limits in air 2-10%; incompat. with oxidizers, strong acids, mixts. of haloforms and strong bases, mixts. of hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Explosive peroxides; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from heat/ignition sources, away from corrosives Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods; extraction solvent in food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.859, 175.105, 175.320, 177.1200; FEMA GRAS; SARA §313 reportable; HAP; CERCLA hazardous substance; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMC Chems.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/ Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; ExxonMobil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxiteno http://www.oxiteno.com.br/in/index.htm; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Primachem R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Methylethylmethane. See Butane 1-Methylethyl (E)-2-methyl-2-butenoate. See Isopropyl tiglate 1-Methyl ethyl 2-methyl propanoate. See Isopropyl isobutyrate 2-(1-Methylethyl) phenol. See oIsopropylphenol 1-Methylethyl 3-phenylpropenoate; 1Methylethyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate. See Isopropyl cinnamate 1-Methyl ethyl propanoate. See Isopropyl propionate Methyl ethyl sulfide CAS 624-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 210-868-4 UN 1993; FEMA 3860 Synonyms: Ethane, (methylthio)-; Ethyl methyl 1565

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference sulfide; Ethyl methyl thioether; MES; (Methylthio) ethane; 1-(Methylthio) ethane; 2-Thiabutane Empirical: C3H8S Formula: CH3SCH2CH3 Properties: Water-wh. to pale yel. liq.; gassy or cabbage odor; sol. in alcohols, oils; insol. in water; m.w. 76.16; sp.gr. 0.8444; dens. 7.054 lb/gal (60 F); vapor pressure 5.4 psia (100 F); f.p. < -45 C; b.p. 64-68 C; flash pt. (OC) < -18 C; ref. index 1.389-1.399 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1.2 g/kg; liq., vapors, or mist may be irritating to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract; may cause cough, nausea, CNS depression, muscular weakness, and incoordination; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; flamm. limits 2-12 vol.% in air; reactive with oxidizers, heat; electrostatic charge may buildup during handling; grounding of equip. is rec.; toxic/explosive residues may remain in containers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Hydrogen sulfide HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, ventilated area away from heat, sparks, and flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 1-Methylethyl tetradecanoate. See Isopropyl myristate Methyl eugenol CAS 93-15-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202-223-0 FEMA 2475 Synonyms: 1-Allyl-3,4-dimethoxybenzene; 4Allyl-1,2-dimethoxybenzene; 4-Allyl veratrole; Benzene, 1,2-dimethoxy-4-(2propenyl)-; 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-allylbenzene; 1-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-2-propene; 3-(3,4Dimethoxyphenyl) propene; 1,2-Dimethoxy4-(2-propenyl) benzene; Eugenol methyl ether; 1,3,4-Eugenol methyl ether; Eugenyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

methyl ether; Veratrole methyl ether Classification: Aromatic compd. Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: (CH3O)2C6H3CH2CH:CH2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., clove, carnation odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 178.25; dens. 1.032-1.036; b.p. 128-130 C (10 mm); flash pt. 110 C; ref. index 1.534 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1179 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 540 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 112 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2025 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing., IP routes; skin irritant; mutagenic data; carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, jellies Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Anthea Aromatics http://www.anthea-aromatics.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Elan http://www.elanchemical.com; Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com 2-Methyl-5-formylfuran; 5-Methyl furaldehyde; 5Methyl-2-furaldehyde; 5-Methyl-2furancarboxaldehyde. See Methylfurfural Methyl 2-furancarboxylate. See Methyl 2-furoate Methylfurfural CAS 620-02-0; EINECS/ELINCS 210-622-6 FEMA 2702 Synonyms: 2-Formyl-5-methylfuran; 2Furaldehyde, 5-methyl-; 2Furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-; Furfural, 5-methyl-; 2-Methyl-5-formylfuran; 5-Methyl furaldehyde; 5-Methyl-2-furaldehyde; 5Methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde; 5Methylfurfural; 5-Methyl-2-furfural; 51566

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methylfurfuraldehyde Empirical: C6H6O2 Properties: Yel. to dk. brn. clear liq.; spicy caramel odor; sweet carmellic flavor; sol. in alcohol, oils, propylene glycol; sol. 3.5% in water; m.w. 110.11; sp.gr. 1.095-1.107; m.p. 23 C; b.p. 187 C; flash pt. 72 C; ref. index 1.520-1.540 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2200 mg/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; vapor/mist irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, strong reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos.; store in cool, dry, wellventilated area away from heat, ignition sources, open flame; keep tightly closed; store under nitrogen Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; DOT nonregulated; EINECS, Australia AICS, China, Canada DSL, ECL, ENCS, Philippines PICCS listed; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GuiZhou Essence http://www.eschemical.com ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sumitomo Chem. http://www.sumitomo-chem.co.jp; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 5-Methylfurfural; 5-Methyl-2-furfural; 5Methylfurfuraldehyde. See Methylfurfural Methyl furfuryl ketone. See (2-Furyl)-2propanone Methyl furoate. See Methyl 2-furoate Methyl 2-furoate CAS 611-13-2; EINECS/ELINCS 210-254-6 FEMA 2703 Synonyms: Furan-α-carboxylic acid methyl ester; 2-Furoic acid, methyl ester; Methyl 2furancarboxylate; Methyl furoate; Methyl pyromucate; Pyromucic acid methyl ester Empirical: C6H6O3 Formula: C4H3OCO2CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; turns yel. in light; pleasant odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 126.11; dens. 1.179; m.p. 164 C; b.p. 181 C; flash pt. 164 F; ref. index 1.4860 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (skin, rabbit) > 1250 mg/kg; LDLo (IP, rat) 75 mg/kg; poison by IP route; skin irritant; lachrymator; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; BioRad Labs http://www.bio-rad.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penn Spec. Chems. http://www.pschem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Methyl 2-furyl ketone. See 2-Acetylfuran 1567

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methyl gallate CAS 99-24-1 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, methyl ester; Gallic acid, methyl ester; Methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate; 3,4,5Trihydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester Empirical: C8H8O5 Formula: C6H2(OH)3 • COOCH3 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; sol. in hot water, alcohol, methanol, ether; m.w. 184.15; m.p. 202-205 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 1200 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 784 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 470 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP and IV routes; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Antioxidant for foods contg. fats and oils Manuf./Distrib.: Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Methyl glycol. See Propylene glycol Methylglyoxal. See Pyruvaldehyde Methylguaiacol; 4-Methylguaiacol; pMethylguaiacol. See 2-Methoxy-4methylphenol 2-Methylhendecanal. See Methyl nonyl acetaldehyde p-Methylhenyl 2-methylpropanoate. See p-Tolyl isobutyrate Methyl heptadienone; 2-Methyl hepta-2,4-dien-6one. See 6-Methyl-3,5-heptadien-2-one 6-Methyl-3,5-heptadien-2-one CAS 1604-28-0; EINECS/ELINCS 216-507-7 FEMA 3363 Synonyms: 1-Acetyl-4-methyl-1,3-pentadiene; Methyl heptadienone; 2-Methyl hepta-2,4dien-6-one; 6-Methylhepta-3,5-dien-2-one Classification: Aliphatic ketone Empirical: C8H12O Properties: Pale yel. liq.; cinnamon coconut spice woody odor; miscible with ethanol @ R.T.; sol. in oils; almost insol in water; m.w. 124.18; sp. gr. 0.895-0.899; b.p. 190 C; ref. index 1.528-1.537 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.002% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 6-Methylhepta-3,5-dien-2-one. See 6-Methyl-3,5heptadien-2-one Methyl heptanoate CAS 106-73-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-428-8 FEMA 2705 Synonyms: Heptanoic acid methyl ester; Methyl enanthate; Methyl heptoate; Methyl n-heptylate; Methyl oenanthylate Empirical: C8H16O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)5COOCH3 Properties: Liq.; m.w. 144.22; dens. 0.881 (20/4 C); m.p. -55.8 C; b.p. 173.8 C; flash pt. 55 C; ref. index 1.412 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Berry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 2-Methylheptanoic acid CAS 1188-02-9; EINECS/ELINCS 214-704-2 FEMA 2706 Synonyms: Methylamylacetic acid; Methyl-2heptanoic acid; 2-Methyloenanthic acid Empirical: C8H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; char. waxy, green cheese odor; waxy, soapy, oily taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 144.21; ref. index 1.423-1.427 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Lluch Essence 1568

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Methyl-2-heptanoic acid. See 2-Methylheptanoic acid 5-Methyl-3-heptanone. See 3-Octanone 6-Methyl-5-heptene-2-one; Methyl-5-hepten-2-ol. See Methyl heptenone 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-ol CAS 1569-60-4; EINECS/ELINCS 216-377-1 Synonyms: 5-Hepten-2-ol, 6-methylEmpirical: C8H16O Formula: (CH3)2C=CHCH2CH2CH(OH)CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 128.22; dens. 0.844; b.p. 78 C (14 mm); flash pt. 67.8 C; ref. index 1.4490 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from heat and open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Methyl heptenone CAS 110-93-0; 409-02-9 (isomers); EINECS/ELINCS 203-816-7; 206-990-2 (isomers) UN 1993; FEMA 2707 Synonyms: 5-Hepten-2-one, 6-methyl-; 6Methyl-5-heptene-2-one; Methyl-5-hepten-2ol; 2-Methyl-2-hepten-6-one; 6-Methyl-5hepten-2-one; β-Methylheptenone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C8H14O Formula: (CH3)2C:CHCH2CH2COCH3 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; citruslemongrass odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, chloroform, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 126.22; dens. 0.846-0.851; m.p. -67 C; b.p. 173-174 C; flash pt. 55 C; ref. index 1.4381.442 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3500 mg/kg; mod. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fresh, green, sl. pungent, fruity fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com 2-Methyl-2-hepten-6-one; 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2one; β-Methylheptenone. See Methyl heptenone Methyl heptine carbonate. See Methyl 2octynoate Methyl heptoate; Methyl n-heptylate. See Methyl heptanoate Methyl heptyl ketone. See 2-Nonanone Methyl heptyne carbonate. See Methyl 2octynoate Methyl hexadecanoate. See Methyl palmitate Methyl (2E,4E)-hexadienoate. See Methyl sorbate Methyl hexanoate; Methyl 2-hexanoate; Methyl n-hexanoate. See Methyl caproate Methyl-2-hexenoate CAS 2396-77-2 1569

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FEMA 2709 Synonyms: 2-Hexenoic acid, methyl ester Empirical: C7H12O2 Properties: M.w. 128.17 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Rad Labs http://www.biorad.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Methyl hexoate. See Methyl caproate Methyl hexyl acetaldehyde. See 2-Methyloctanal Methyl hexylate. See Methyl caproate Methyl hexyl carbinol. See 2-Octanol Methyl hexyl ketone CAS 111-13-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-837-1 FEMA 2802 Synonyms: Hexyl methyl ketone; 2-Octanone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C8H16O Formula: CH3(CH2)5COCH3 Properties: Colorless liq., apple odor, camphor taste; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; misc. with alcohol, ether, esters, hydrocarbons; insol. in water; m.w. 128.22; dens. 0.818 (20/4 C); m.p. -16 C; b.p. 170-172 C; flash pt. 56 C; ref. index 1.416 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (mouse) 1600 mg/kg; mod. toxic; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; incompat. with reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: High-boiling; fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

UOP http://www.uop.com Methyl 2-hexyl-3-oxocyclopentanecarboxylate. See Methyl dihydrojasmonate Methyl hydrate. See Methyl alcohol Methyl hydratropaldehyde; pMethylhydratropaldehyde; pMethylhydratropic aldehyde. See 2-(p-Tolyl) propionaldehyde Methyl hydrocinnamate. See Methyl 3phenylpropionate Methyl hydrogenated rosinate CAS 8050-13-3; 8050-15-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-476-2 Synonyms: Hercolyn D; Hydrogenated methyl ester of rosin; Hydrogenated methyl rosinate; Methyl abietate, hydrogenated; Methyl rosinate, hydrogenated; Resin acids and rosin acids, hydrogenated, methyl esters Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and the hydrogenated mixed long chain acids derived from rosin Empirical: C21H36O2 Properties: M.w. 320.52 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; chewing gum base Manuf./Distrib.: J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk 6'-Methylhydrogen-9'-cis-6,6'-diapocarotene6,6'-dioate, Na or K; 6'-Methylhydrogen-9'trans-6,6'-diapocarotene-6,6'-dioate, Na or K. See Norbixin Methyl hydroxide. See Methyl alcohol 1-Methyl-4-hydroxybenzene. See p-Cresol Methyl hydroxybenzoate; Methyl 2hydroxybenzoate. See Methyl salicylate Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate. See Methylparaben Methyl o-hydroxybenzoate. See Methyl salicylate Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate. See Methylparaben 2-Methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis (hydroxymethyl) pyridine. See Pyridoxine 2-Methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis (hydroxymethyl) pyridine hydrochloride. See Pyridoxine HCl 2-Methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-dihydroxymethyl pyridine. See Pyridoxine 1-Methyl-3-hydroxy-4-isopropylbenzene. See Thymol 1-Methyl-4-(α-hydroxyisopropyl) benzene; 1Methyl-4-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl) benzene. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol 1570

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose. See Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2-Methyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyrone. See Maltol 3-Methylindole; 3-Methyl-1H-indole; βMethylindole. See Skatole 1-Methyl-β-ionone. See Methyl β-ionone 5-Methyl-α-ionone; 6-Methylionone; 6-Methyl-αionone. See α-Irone Methyl α-ionone CAS 127-42-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-842-1; 215635-0 FEMA 2711 Synonyms: α-Cetone; αCyclocitrylidenebutanone; αCyclocitrylidenemethyl ethyl ketone; αMethyl Ionone; α-n-Methyl ionone; 1Penten-3-one, 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2cyclohexen-1-yl)-, (R-(E))-; 5-(2,6,6Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-4-penten-3one; 5-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl)-4penten-3-one; 1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2cyclohex-1-yl)-1-penten-3-one Empirical: C14H22O Properties: Colorless to amber-yel. liq.; floral odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.926-0.939; vapor dens. > 1; b.p. 144 C (16 mm); flash pt. (CC) 118 C; ref. index 1.5011.504; tenacity > 1 wk. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) 2 g/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizers, iron, iron salts NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: < 10% Regulatory: SARA §311/312 Fire Hazard; FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-2385); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com α-Methyl Ionone; α-n-Methyl ionone. See Methyl α-ionone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methyl β-ionone CAS 127-43-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-843-7 FEMA 2712 Synonyms: β-Cetone; βCyclocitrylidenebutanone; β-Ionone, methyl-; β-Iraldeine; 1-Methyl-β-ionone; βMethylionone; 1-Penten-3-one, 1-(2,6,6trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-; 5-(2,6,6Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-4-penten-3one; 5-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-4penten-3-one; 1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1cyclohex-1-yl)-1-penten-3-one Empirical: C14H22O Properties: Colorless to amber-yel. liq.; floral odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 206.33; dens. 0.926-0.939; b.p. 144 C (16 mm); ref. index 1.501-1.504 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com β-Methylionone. See Methyl β-ionone Methyl [GD]-ionone CAS 7784-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-074-7 FEMA 2713 Synonyms: Methyl ionone delta; 1-(2,6,6Trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) pent-1-en-3one; 5-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)4-penten-3-one; 5-2,6,6-Trimethyl-3cyclohexen-1-yl-4-penten-3-one Empirical: C14H22O Properties: Colorless to amber-yel. liq.; floral odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.926-0.939; b.p. 144 C (16 mm); ref. index 1.501-1.504 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com γ-Methyl ionone. See α-Isomethylionone Methyl ionone delta. See Methyl Δ-ionone Methyl isobutylacetate. See Methyl 4methylvalerate Methyl isobutyl ketone CAS 108-10-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-550-1 UN 1245; FEMA 2731 Synonyms: Hexanone; Hexone; Isobutyl methyl ketone; Isopropylacetone; 4-Methyl2-oxopentane; 2-Methyl-4-pentanone; 41571

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methyl-2-pentanone; 4-Methylpentan-2-one; 2-Methylpropyl methyl ketone; MIBK (INCI) Classification: Sat. aliphatic ketone Empirical: C6H12O Formula: CH3COCH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless volatile liq., faint ketonic/camphoraceous odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, benzene, most org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 100.18; dens. 0.8042 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 19.9 mm Hg; m.p. -85 C; b.p. 115.8 C; flash pt. (CC) 13 C; autoignition temp. 448 C; ref. index 1.396; surf. tens. 23.29 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 13.11 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm; STEL 75 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 2080 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by inh.; very irritating to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; narcotic in high conc.; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.67; COD 2.16; ThOD 2.72 Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire risk; explosive limits 1.4-7.5% in air; incompat. with oxidizing/reducing agents, strong bases, potassium t-butoxide; violent reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Explosive peroxides (e.g., methyl isobutyl peroxide) NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in well-ventilated area; bond and ground metal containers in storage area Uses: Denaturant for alcohol, synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 172.842, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1650; FEMA GRAS; USP/NF compliance; SARA §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMC Chems.; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemcentral Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.chemcentral.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Primachem; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Methyl isobutyrate CAS 547-63-7; EINECS/ELINCS 208-929-5 UN 3272; FEMA 2694 Synonyms: Isobutyric acid methyl ester; Methyl dimethylacetate; 2-Methylpropanoic acid methyl ester Definition: Ester of methanol and isobutyric acid Empirical: C5H10O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCOOCH3 Properties: Colorless mobile liq.; pungent, fruity odor; sl. sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 102.14; dens. 0.891 (20/4 C); vapor dens. 3.5; vapor pressure 50 mmHg; m.p. -84 to -85 C; b.p. 91-93 C; flash pt. 12 C; ref. index 1.384 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 16 g/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse) 25,500 mg/kg; mildly toxic by inh.; skin, eye, respiratory system irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; COx Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed 1572

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Methyl isocaproate. See Methyl 4methylvalerate Methyl isoeugenol CAS 93-16-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-224-6 FEMA 2476 Synonyms: 4-Allyl-1,2-dimethoxybenzene; 1(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl) propene; 1,2Dimethoxy-4-propenylbenzene; Isoeugenol methyl ether; 1,3,4-Isoeugenol methyl ether; Isoeugenyl methyl ether; Isohomogenol; 1,2-Methoxy-4-propenylbenzene; Propenyl guaiacol; 4-Propenylveratrole; 4-Prop-1enylveratrole Definition: Commercial grades are mixts. of cisand trans-isomers Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: CH3CH:CHC6H3(OCH3)2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., clovecarnation odor, burning bitter taste; sol. in 2 parts 70% alcohol; pract. insol. in min. oil; insol. in glycerol; m.w. 178.23; dens. 1.050; b.p. 262-264 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5650-15.690 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 570 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 181 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP route; irritating to skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Anthea Aromatics http://www.antheaaromatics.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Methyl isopentanoate. See Methyl isovalerate 1-Methyl-4-isopropenylbenzene. See p-αDimethylstyrene 1-Methyl-4-isopropenyl cyclohexan-3-ol. See Isopulegol 6-Methyl-3-isopropenylcyclohexanol. See Dihydrocarveol 1-Methyl-4-isopropenyl cyclohexan-3-one. See Isopulegone 1-Methyl-4-isopropenylcyclohexan-3-yl acetate. See Isopulegyl acetate 1-Methyl-4-isopropenylcyclohexene; 1-Methyl-4isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene. See dl-Limonene 1-Methyl-4-isopropenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-ol. See Carveol 1-1-Methyl-4-isopropenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one. See l-Carvone d-1-Methyl-4-isopropenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one. See d-Carvone [GD]-1-Methyl-4-isopropenyl-6-cyclohexen-2one. See Carvone 6-Methyl-3-isopropenyl cyclohexyl acetate. See Dihydrocarvyl acetate 1-Methyl-4-isopropylbenzene; p-Methylisopropyl benzene. See p-Cymene 1-Methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexadiene-1,3; 1Methyl-4-isopropyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene. See α-Terpinene 1-Methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexadiene-1,4. See γTerpinene 2-Methyl-5-isopropyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene. See α-Phellandrene 5-Methyl-2-isopropylcyclohexanol. See Menthol 1-Methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexan-3-one. See lMenthone 1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-1-cyclohexene-4-ol. See 4Carvomenthenol 1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-1-cyclohexen-8-ol. See αTerpineol 1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-3-cyclohexen-1-ol. See pMenth-3-en-1-ol 1573

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1-Methyl-4-isopropyl-1-cyclohexen-3-one. See d-Piperitone Methyl isopropyl diketone. See 4-Methyl-2,3pentanedione 5-Methyl-2-isopropyl hexahydrophenol. See Menthol α-Methyl-p-isopropylhydrocinnamaldehyde. See Cyclamen aldehyde 1-Methyl-4-isopropylidene-3-cyclohexanone. See Pulegone 1-Methyl-4-isopropylidene-1-cyclohexen-3-one. See Piperitenone 2-Methyl-5-isopropylphenol. See Carvacrol 5-Methyl-2-isopropylphenol. See Thymol 2-Methyl-3-(p-isopropylphenyl) propanal; 2Methyl-3-(p-isopropylphenyl)propionaldehyde; Methyl-pisopropylphenylpropionaldehyde. See Cyclamen aldehyde 5-Methyl-2-(isoproylcyclo) hexanone. See pMenthanone Methyl isovalerate CAS 556-24-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-117-3 UN 2400 (DOT); FEMA 2753 Synonyms: Isovaleric acid, methyl ester; 3Methylbutanoic acid methyl ester; Methyl isopentanoate; Methyl-3-methylbutanoate; Methyl-3-methylbutyrate Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2COOCH3 Properties: Liq., valerian odor; sl. sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 116.16; dens. 0.880 (20/4 C); b.p. 115-117 C; flash pt. 16 C; ref. index 1.393 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 5693 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse, 2 h) 20,250 mg/m3; mildly toxic by ing.; very sl. toxic by inh.; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; can react vigorously with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet apple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Methyl jasmonate CAS 39924-52-2; EINECS/ELINCS 254-705-5 FEMA 3410 Synonyms: Cyclopentaneacetic acid, 3-oxo-2(2-pentenyl)-, methyl ester; Jasmoneige; Methyl epi-jasmonate; Methyl 2-pent-3-enyl3-oxo-1-cyclopentyl acetate; 3-Oxo-2-(2pentenyl) cyclopentaneacetic acid, methyl ester; 2-Pentenylcyclopentanone-3-acetic acid, methyl ester Empirical: C13H20O3 Properties: Colorless oily liq.; floral jasmine odor; sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 224.30; sp.gr. 1.03; b.p. 110 C (0.2 mm); flash pt. (CC) 110 C; ref. index 1.470 Toxicology: May be irritating to skin and eyes; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surface water Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, water NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, condiments, pickles, preserves, spreads Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trade Names: Jasmoneige® cis-Methyl jasmonate CAS 1211-29-6; EINECS/ELINCS 214-918-6 FEMA 3410 Synonyms: Jasmoneige; (E)-Methyl jasmonate; Methyl (1R(1a,2b(Z)))-3-oxo-2(pent-2-enyl) cyclopentaneacetate; 3-oxo-2(2-cis-pentenyl)cyclopentaneacetic acid methyl ester Classification: Cycloaliphatic ester Empirical: C13H20O3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; floral heart 1574

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference of jasmin odor; sol. in alcohol and dipropylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 224.14; dens. 1.030; b.p. 116-118 C (0.25 kPa); ref. index 1.473-1.477 Uses: Flavor in foods Features: ≤ 15 ppm as flavor in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com (E)-Methyl jasmonate. See cis-Methyl jasmonate Methyl ketone. See Acetone Methyl laurate CAS 111-82-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-911-3 FEMA 2715 Synonyms: Dodecanoic acid methyl ester; Lauric acid methyl ester; Methyl dodecanoate; Methyl n-dodecanoate; Methyl dodecylate; Methyl laurinate Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and lauric acid Empirical: C13H26O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)10COOCH3 Properties: Water-wh. clear liq., fatty floral odor; insol. in water; m.w. 214.35; dens. 0.8702 (20/4 C); m.p. 4-5 C; b.p. 262 C (766 mm); flash pt. 94 C; ref. index 1.4320 Toxicology: LDLo (IV, mouse) 48 mg/kg; poison by IV route; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorption; may cause irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; noncorrosive; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Storage: Keep tightly closed; store in cool, dry place Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; food coatings; dehydrating agent for grapes to produce raisins Features: Coconut-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 172.515, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Chemol Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Fleurchem Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; NOF Am.; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/ Riedel-deHaën http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Fluka ___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Riedel. html; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Methyl laurinate. See Methyl laurate Methyl linoleate CAS 112-63-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-993-0 Synonyms: Linoleic acid methyl ester; Methyl cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoate; 9,12Octadecadienoic acid methyl ester Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and linoleic acid Empirical: C19H34O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)4CH:CHCH2CH:CH(CH2)7COOCH3 Properties: Colorless oil; misc. with dimethylformamide, fat solvs., oils; m.w. 294.48; dens. 0.887 (20/4 C); m.p. -35 C; b.p. 207-208 C (11 mm); iodine no. 172.4; ref. index 1.466 Precaution: Combustible HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Food coatings; vitamins Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penn Bio-Organics http://www.pennbio.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Methyl mercaptan CAS 74-93-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-822-1 UN 1064 (DOT); FEMA 2716 1575

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Mercaptan C1; Mercaptomethane; Methanethiol; Methyl sulfhydrate; Thiomethanol; Thiomethyl alcohol Empirical: CH4S Formula: CH3SH Properties: Water-wh. liq. (below b.p.) or colorless gas; objectionable rotting-cabbage odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, petrol. naphtha, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 48.11; dens. 0.87 (20 C); f.p. -121 C; b.p. 5.96 C; flash pt. -18 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.5 ppm; LC50 (inh., rat) 675 ppm; LD50 (mammal) 60,670 µg/kg; poison by inh. and possibly other routes; strong irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Extremely flamm.; dangerous fire risk; explosive limits in air 3.9-21.8%; can react vigorously with oxidizers; explosive as vapor exposed to heat or flame; reacts with water steam, or acids to produce toxic/flamm. vapors Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; intermediate for animal nutrition supplements Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; PCAS http://www.pcas.fr; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com 2-Methylmercaptobenzene. See o-Thiocresol 3-(Methylmercapto) propionaldehyde; β(Methylmercapto) propionaldehyde; Methylmercaptopropionic aldehyde. See 3Methylthiopropionaldehyde N-Methylmethanamine. See Dimethylamine Methyl β-methiopropionate. See Methyl 3methylthiopropionate 2-Methylmethoxybenzene. See o-Methylanisole 4-Methyl-1-methoxybenzene. See pMethylanisole Methyl 2-methoxybenzoate. See Methyl omethoxybenzoate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methyl 4-methoxybenzoate. See Methyl panisate Methyl o-methoxybenzoate CAS 606-45-1; EINECS/ELINCS 210-118-6 FEMA 2717 Synonyms: o-Anisic acid, methyl ester; Benzoic acid, 2-methoxy-, methyl ester; Dimethyl salicylate; o-Methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester; o-Methoxy methyl benzoate; Methyl o-anisate; Methyl 2methoxybenzoate; Methylsalicylate methyl ester Empirical: C9H10O3 Formula: CH3OC6H4CO2CH3 Properties: M.w. 166.18; dens. 1.157; b.p. 248 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5340 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3800 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; sl. toxic by skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Methyl p-methoxybenzoate. See Methyl panisate α-Methyl-ω-methoxypolydimethylsiloxane. See Dimethylsiloxane Methyl methylaminobenzoate; Methyl 2methylaminobenzoate; Methyl N-methyl-2aminobenzoate; N-Methyl methyl anthranilate; Methyl-N-methyl anthranilate. See Dimethyl anthranilate Methyl 2-methylbutanoate. See Methyl-2methylbutyrate Methyl-3-methylbutanoate. See Methyl isovalerate Methyl-2-methylbutyrate CAS 868-57-5; 53955-81-0; EINECS/ELINCS 212-778-0 UN 3272; UN 1993; FEMA 2719 Synonyms: Methyl 2-methylbutanoate; Methyl2-methyl butyrate Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH(CH3)COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sweet fruity apple-like odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 116.16; dens. 0.885 (20/4 C); vapor 1576

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference dens. 4; b.p. 113-115 C; flash pt. 18 C; ref. index 1.394 (20 C) Toxicology: Eye, skin, respiratory system irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; COx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Apple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Methyl-2-methyl butyrate. See Methyl-2methylbutyrate Methyl-3-methylbutyrate. See Methyl isovalerate 1-Methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl anthranilate. See Terpinyl anthranilate 1-Methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl butanoate; Methyl methylcyclohexenyl ethyl butrate; 1-Methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1yl) ethyl butyrate. See Terpinyl butyrate (Z)-1-Methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl cinnamate. See Terpinyl cinnamate 1-Methyl-1-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl) ethyl ethanoate. See Terpinyl acetate 1-Methyl-1-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl) ethyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

methanoate. See Terpinyl formate 1-Methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl 3methyl butanoate. See Terpinyl isovalerate 1-Methyl-1-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl) ethyl 2methylpropanoate. See Terpinyl isobutyrate 1-Methyl-1-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl) ethyl propanoate. See Terpinyl propionate 6-Methyl-2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl) hept-1,5diene. See γ-Bisabolene 2-Methyl-6-methylene-2,7-octadiene; 7-Methyl-3methylene-1,6-octadiene; 7-Methyl-3methylene-octa-1,6-diene. See Myrcene 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl) benzene. See p-αDimethylstyrene 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl) cyclohexanol. See β-Terpineol d-2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-cyclohexanone. See d-Dihydrocarvone 2- Methyl-5-(1-methyl ethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-o l. See Carveol 1-Methyl-4 (1-methylethenyl) cyclohexene. See dl-Limonene 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-(S)-cyclohexene. See l-Limonene (R)-1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-cyclohexene. See d-Limonene 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-ol acetate. See Carvyl acetate 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-ol propionate. See Carvyl propionate 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1one. See Carvone (R)-2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen1-one. See l-Carvone (S)-2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen1-one. See d-Carvone 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl) cyclohexyl acetate. See Dihydrocarvyl acetate 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl) benzene. See pCymene α-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl) benzenepropanal. See Cyclamen aldehyde 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-cyclohexadiene. See α-Terpinene 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-1,4-cyclohexadiene. See γ-Terpinene 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-cyclohexadiene. See α-Phellandrene [1S-(1α,2α,5β-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)cyclohexanol. See d-Neomenthol 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol. See Menthol 1577

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol acetate; dl-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol acetate. See dl-Menthyl acetate (R-(1α,2β,5α))-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol acetate; (1R,2S,5R)-5-Methyl-2(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol ethanoate. See l-Menthyl acetate 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanol ethanoate. See Menthyl acetate (2S-trans)-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanone; (-)-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanone. See l-Menthone 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanone. See p-Menthanone trans-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexanone. See trans-Menthone 1-Methyl-4-(1-methyl ethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol. See p-Menth-3-en-1-ol 4-Methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol. See 4-Carvomenthenol 3-Methyl-6-(1-methylethyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-one. See d-Piperitone 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexyl αhydroxypropanoate; (1R-(1α(R),2β,5α))-5Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexyl lactate. See Menthyl lactate 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) cyclohexyl 3methylbutanoate. See Menthyl isovalerate (R)-5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethylidene) cyclohexanone. See d-Pulegone 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene) cyclohexene. See Terpinolene 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] heptane. See 1,4-Cineole 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl) phenol. See Carvacrol 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) phenol. See Thymol Methyl 3-(methylmercapto) propionate; Methyl βmethyl mercaptopropionate. See Methyl 3methylthiopropionate Methyl 2-methylpentanoate. See Methyl 2methylvalerate Methyl 4-methylpentanoate. See Methyl 4methylvalerate Methyl o-methylphenyl ether. See oMethylanisole 4-Methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl) tetrahydro-2Hpyran. See Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl1-propenyl)-2H-pyran 4-Methyl-α-methylstyrene; p-Methyl-αmethylstyrene. See p-α-Dimethylstyrene Methyl α-methylstyryl ketone. See 3-Methyl-4Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

phenyl-3-buten-2-one Methyl 3-methylthiopropionate CAS 13532-18-8; EINECS/ELINCS 236-883-6 FEMA 2720 Synonyms: Methyl β-methiopropionate; Methyl 3-(methylmercapto) propionate; Methyl β-methyl mercaptopropionate Empirical: C5H10O2S Formula: CH3SCH2CH2COOCH3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; onion-like odor; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 134.19; dens. 1.073 (20/4 C); b.p. 184-189 C; flash p t. 72 C; ref. index 1.465 (20 C) HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Methyl 2-methylvalerate CAS 2177-77-7; EINECS/ELINCS 218-543-9 UN 1993; FEMA 3707 Synonyms: Methyl 2-methylpentanoate; Pentanoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C7H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 130.2; sp.gr. 0.871-0.881; b.p. 45 C (0.2 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 31 C; ref. index 1.398-1.408 (20 C) Toxicology: May cause eye/skin irritation; prolonged/repeated contact may cause skin defatting, dermatitis; may be irritating to mucous membranes, upper respiratory 1578

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference tract; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Flamm. liq.; vapor may flash back; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from heat, sparks, open flame, ignition sources; keep tightly closed Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; AICS, Canada DSL, EINECS, ENCS, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Methyl 4-methylvalerate CAS 2412-80-8; EINECS/ELINCS 219-320-9 FEMA 2721 Synonyms: Methyl isobutylacetate; Methyl isocaproate; Methyl 4-methylpentanoate Empirical: C7H14O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol and dipropylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 130.19; sp. gr. 0.888; b.p. 139-140 C; flash pt. 103 F; ref. index 1.404 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylvinyl) cyclohexanol. See Dihydrocarveol trans-5-Methyl-2-(1-methyl vinyl) cyclohexan-1one. See Isopulegone (1α,2β,5α)-2-Methyl-5-(1-methylvinyl) cyclohexylacetate. See cis-Dihydrocarvone Methyl myristate CAS 124-10-7; EINECS/ELINCS 204-680-1 FEMA 2722 Synonyms: Methyl tetradecanoate; Tetradecanoic acid, methyl ester Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and myristic acid Empirical: C15H30O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)12COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq., honey and orris-like Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

odor; insol. in water; m.w. 242.40; dens. 0.866 (20/4 C); m.p. 17.8 C; b.p. 186.8 C (30 mm); flash pt. > 112 C; ref. index 1.438 (20 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; animal feeds Features: Honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 172.515, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; NOF Am.; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Methyl Namate. See Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 1-Methylnaphthalene. See α-Methylnaphthalene α-Methylnaphthalene CAS 90-12-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-966-8 FEMA 3193 Synonyms: 1-Methylnaphthalene Empirical: C11H10 Formula: C10H7CH3 Properties: Colorless liq. or oil; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 142.20; dens. 1.020 (20/4 C); m.p. -22 C; b.p. 241-245 C; flash pt. 82 C; ref. index 1.614 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1840 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Crowley Tar Prods. 1579

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.crowleychemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Methyl naphthyl ketone; Methyl 2-naphthyl ketone; Methyl β-naphthyl ketone; β-Methyl naphthyl ketone. See 2´-Acetonaphthone Methyl nicotinate CAS 93-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-261-8 FEMA 3709 Synonyms: 3-(Carbomethoxy) pyridine; 3(Methoxycarbonyl) pyridine; m(Methoxycarbonyl) pyridine; Methyl 3pyridinecarboxylate; Nicometh; Nicotinic acid, methyl ester; 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, methyl ester Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and nicotinic acid Empirical: C7H7NO2 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in water, alcohol, benzene; m.w. 137.14; m.p. 39-43 C; b.p. 204-209 C; flash pt. 95 C Toxicology: LD (subcut., mouse) > 1 g/kg; LDLo (parenteral, mouse) 2 g/kg; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; rubefacient; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, NOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages, jams, jellies, hard candy Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; MP Biomedicals http://www.mpbio.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Methyl nonanoate; Methyl n-nonanoate. See Methyl pelargonate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methyl 2-nonenoate CAS 111-79-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-908-7 FEMA 2725 Synonyms: Methyl non-2-enoate; Methyl nonylenate; Neofolione; 2-Nonenoic acid, methyl ester; Non-2-enoic acid methyl ester Empirical: C10H18O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)5HC:CHCOOCH3 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; strong violetleaf odor; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 170.28; dens. 0.893-0.898; b.p. 115 C (21 mm); ref. index 1.4400-1.4440 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Rad Labs http://www.biorad.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Methyl non-2-enoate. See Methyl 2-nonenoate Methyl nonyl acetaldehyde CAS 110-41-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-765-0 FEMA 2749 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-12; Aldehyde C-12 MNA; Aldehyde MNA; 2-Methylhendecanal; Methyl n-nonyl acetaldehyde; Methyl nonyl acetic aldehyde; Methylundecanal; 2-Methyl undecanal; MNA Empirical: C12H24O Formula: CH3(CH2)8CH(CH3)CHO Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., fatty fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol, aliphatic solvs.; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 184.32; dens. 0.822-0.830; b.p. 171 C; ref. index 1.431 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 10 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in 1580

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference foods Features: Amber-like, dry, fresh, sl. fruity fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Methyl n-nonyl acetaldehyde; Methyl nonyl acetic aldehyde. See Methyl nonyl acetaldehyde Methyl nonylate. See Methyl pelargonate Methyl nonylenate. See Methyl 2-nonenoate Methyl nonyl ketone; Methyl n-nonyl ketone. See 2-Undecanone Methyl 2-nonynoate CAS 111-80-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-909-2 FEMA 2726 Synonyms: Methyl octine carbonate; Methyloctyne carbonate; 2-Nonynoic acid, methyl ester; Non-2-ynoic acid methyl ester; Octynecarboxylic acid methyl ester Classification: aliphatic compd. Empirical: C10H16O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)5C≡CCOOCH3 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; m.w. 168.24; dens. 0.915; b.p. 121 C (20 mm); acid no. 1.0 max.; flash pt. 213 F; ref. index 1.4480 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2220 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Peach-like flavor Use Level: 0.002% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Rad Labs http://www.biorad.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 4-Methylnorvaline. See L-Leucine Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methyl cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoate. See Methyl linoleate Methyl octadecanoate; Methyl n-octadecanoate. See Methyl stearate Methyl 9-octadecenoate; Methyl-cis-9octadecenoate; Methyl (Z)-9-octadecenoate. See Methyl oleate 2-Methyloctanal CAS 7786-29-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-093-0 FEMA 2727 Synonyms: Methyl hexyl acetaldehyde; αMethyloctanal; Octanal-, 2-methylEmpirical: C9H18O Properties: Colorless, cl. oily liq.; sol. in alcohol and dipropylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 142.27; sp. gr. 0.821-0.829; b.p. 82-83 C; acid no. 10 max.; ref. index 1.4200-1.4260 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Floral odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL α-Methyloctanal. See 2-Methyloctanal Methyl octanoate. See Methyl caprylate Methyl 2-octinate. See Methyl 2-octynoate Methyl octine carbonate. See Methyl 2nonynoate; Methyl 2-octynoate Methyloctyne carbonate. See Methyl 2nonynoate Methyl octynoate. See Methyl 2-octynoate Methyl 2-octynoate CAS 111-12-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-836-6 FEMA 2729 Synonyms: Methyl heptine carbonate; Methyl heptyne carbonate; Methyl 2-octinate; Methyl octine carbonate; Methyl octynoate; Oct-2-ynoic acid methyl ester Classification: aliphatic compd. Empirical: C9H14O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)4C≡CCOOCH3 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; strong unpleasant odor; violet odor on dilution; sol. in most fixed oils and min. oil; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; sol. in 5 parts 70% alcohol; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 154.20; dens. 0.924 (20/4 C); b.p. 215-217 C; flash pt. 89 C; ref. index 1.447 (20 C) 1581

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1530 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3300 mg/kg; harmful; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; primary irritant; mod. irritating to skin and eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in tightly sealed containers in dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.002% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-Methyloenanthic acid. See 2-Methylheptanoic acid Methyl oenanthylate. See Methyl heptanoate Methylol. See Methyl alcohol Methyl oleate CAS 112-62-9; 67762-38-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-992-5; 267-015-4 Synonyms: Methyl 9-octadecenoate; Methylcis-9-octadecenoate; Methyl (Z)-9octadecenoate; 9-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester; (Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester; Oleic acid, methyl ester, cis-; cis-Oleic acid, methyl ester Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and oleic acid Empirical: C19H36O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOCH3 Properties: Clear to amber liq., faint fatty odor; sol. in alcohols, most org. solvs.; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 296.55; dens. 0.8739 (20 C); f.p. -19.9 C; b.p. 218.5 C (20 mm); pour pt. -15 C; ref. index 1.4510 (26 C); Nonionic Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust); TDLo (skin, mouse, 45 wk intermittent) 54 g/kg; low oral toxicity; mildly irritating to skin; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen which causes leukemia and skin tumors by skin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Food coatings; dehydrating agent for grapes to produce raisins Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 175.105, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Anar http://anarsoapandchemical.com/; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brenntag Specialties ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com; Ferro/Polymer Addit. http://www.ferro.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; NOF Am.; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Penn Bio-Organics http://www.pennbio.com Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Trade Names: Nofable MO-90; Nofable MO-99 Trade Names Containing: Oleocal® ME-70 Methylol methyl amyl ketone. See 3-Octanon-1ol; 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-heptanone Methylol methyl hexyl ketone acetate. See 3Nonanon-1-yl acetate Methylolpropane. See Butyl alcohol Methyloxacyclopropane. See Propylene oxide 6-Methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4 [3H]-one 2,2 dioxide, potassium salt. See Acesulfame potassium Methyloxirane; S(-)-Methyloxirane. See Propylene oxide Methyl oxirane polymers. See Poloxamer 101 4-Methyl-2-oxopentane. See Methyl isobutyl ketone Methyl (1R(1a,2b(Z)))-3-oxo-2-(pent-2-enyl) cyclopentaneacetate. See cis-Methyl jasmonate Methyl (1R-trans)-3-oxo-21582

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference pentylcyclopentaneacetate; Methyl 3-oxo-2pentylcyclopentaneacetate. See Methyl dihydrojasmonate 1-Methyl-2-oxopropyl butyrate. See Butan-3one-2-yl butyrate Methyl p-oxybenzoate. See Methylparaben 2-Methyl-3-oxy-γ-pyrone. See Maltol Methyl palmitate CAS 112-39-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-966-3 Synonyms: Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester; Methyl hexadecanoate Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and palmitic acid Empirical: C17H34O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)14COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated, chlorinated, and aromatic solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 270.46; m.p. 29.5 C; b.p. 211.5 C (30 mm); ref. index 1.4310 (45 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Food coatings; flavoring agent; animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 175.105, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3910; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Methylparaben CAS 99-76-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-785-7 FEMA 2710; INS218; E218 Synonyms: 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester; Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Methyl phydroxybenzoate; Methyl p-oxybenzoate; Methyl parahydroxybenzoate; Methyl parasept Classification: aliphatic ketone Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and phydroxybenzoic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C8H8O3 Formula: CH3OOCC6H4OH Properties: Colorless crystals or wh. cryst. powd., odorless or faint char. odor, sl. burning taste; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water, benzene, CCl4; m.w. 152.14; m.p. 125-128 C; b.p. 270-280 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, dog) 3000 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 960 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 1200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., subcut., and IP routes; may cause skin and eye irritation, asthma, rashes, hyperactivity; may promote allergic sensitization in humans; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Conc. dust may present an explosion hazard; incompat. with alkalis and strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes; burning may produce phenolic vapors and CO HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative, antifungal, antibacterial, synthetic flavoring agent for foods, baked goods, beverages, food colors, milk, wine; antimycotic migrating from food pkg. Use Level: 0.05% (eye wash); 0.1-0.8% (drug extracts); 0.3% (cough syrups); 0.02-0.1% (tablets); 0.1% (ointment bases); 0.2% (suppositories) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §150.141, 150.161, 172.515, 181.22, 181.23, 184.1490, GRAS, limitation 0.1%, 556.390, zero limitation in milk; USA CIR approved, EPA reg.; FEMA GRAS; Japan listed; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL; FDA approved for injectables, parenterals, inhalants, intravenous, ophthalmics, orals, rectals, topicals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; AcmeHardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com Air Products San Fu http://www.airproducts.com.tw/; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com 1583

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eigenmann & Veronelli http://www.eigver.it; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Helm AG http://www.helmag.com; ISP Sutton Labs Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vevy http://www.vevy.com/VevyEurope.aspx; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names: Nipagin M Trade Names Containing: Methyl/Propyl Parbens (3/1) NF; Nipastat®; Sporban Regular Methylparaben sodium; Methylparaben sodium salt. See Sodium methylparaben Methyl parahydroxybenzoate; Methyl parasept. See Methylparaben Methyl pelargonate CAS 1731-84-6; EINECS/ELINCS 217-052-7 FEMA 2724 Synonyms: Methyl nonanoate; Methyl nnonanoate; Methyl nonylate; Nonanoic acid, methyl ester; Pelargonic acid, methyl ester Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and pelargonic acid Empirical: C10H20O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)7COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol, ether; sol. 22.9 mg/l in water; m.w. 172.27; dens. 0.874 (20/4 C); b.p. 91-92 C (11 mm); flash pt. 87 C; ref. index 1.422 (20 C) Toxicology: LDLo (IV, mouse) 48 mg/kg; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Limited shelf life; store in a cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Coconut-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; MP Biomedicals http://www.mpbio.com Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma 1584

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 2-Methylpental; 2-Methylpentaldehyde. See 2Methylpentanal 2-Methylpentanal CAS 123-15-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-605-2 FEMA 3413 Synonyms: 2-Formylpentane; 2-Methylpental; 2-Methylpentaldehyde; α-Methylpentenal; 2Methyl-n-valeraldehyde; 2Methylveraldehyde; α-Methyl veraldehyde; Pentanal, 2-methyl-; Veraldehyde, 2-methylEmpirical: C6H12O Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH(CH3)CHO Properties: Clear liq.; misc. with common org. solvs.; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 100.16; sp.gr. 0.808; m.p. -60 C; b.p. 118 C; flash pt. 13 C; ref. index 1.3990-1.4015; pH weakly acidic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4600 mg/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq.; vapor may flash back; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, strong reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; store under nitrogen; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 4-Methyl-2,3-pentanedione CAS 7493-58-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-328-4 FEMA 2730 Synonyms: Acetyl isobutyryl; Isopropyl methyl diketone; Methyl isopropyl diketone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C6H10O2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Yel. oil, char. pungent odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 114.15; dens. 0.9215 (11 C); m.p. -2.4 C; b.p. 116 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Methyl pentanoate. See Methyl valerate 2-Methylpentanoic acid CAS 97-61-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-594-9 UN 3265; FEMA 2754 Synonyms: Methylpropylacetic acid; 2Methylvaleric acid; α-Methylvaleric acid; 2Pentanecarboxylic acid Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH(CH3)COOH Properties: Water-wh. liq.; sour, cheese-like aroma; sol. 1.3% in water; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 116.16; dens. 0.9242 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 0.02 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. sets to glass ≈ -85 C; b.p. 196.4 C; flash pt. 107 C; ref. index 1.411-1.416 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2040 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; primary irritant; skin and severe eye irritant; corrosive; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surface water Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Penetrating char. flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am.

1585

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.tciamerica.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ 3-Methylpentanoic acid CAS 105-43-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-297-7 UN 1760; FEMA 3437 Synonyms: 2-Methylbutane-1-carboxylic acid; 3-Methylvaleric acid Empirical: C6H12O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sour, herbaceous, sl. green, parmesan cheese odor; sol. in water; m.w. 116.16; dens. 0.930; b.p. 196-198 C; flash pt. 185 F; ref. index 1.412-1.418 Precaution: Corrosive; wear goggles or face shield, chemical resistant gloves HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings Features: Sour, herbaceous, sl. green odor; herbaceous, sweet flavor Regulatory: FEMA, FDA GRAS; 21CFR §172.510, 101.22; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Parmesan Acid, Natural 4-Methylpentanoic acid CAS 646-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 211-464-0 FEMA 3463 Synonyms: Isocaproic acid; Isohexanoic acid; 4-Methyl valeric acid Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: (CH3)2CH(CH2)2COOH Properties: Colorless oily liq.; misc. with alcohol, benzene, acetone; low sol. in water; m.w. 116.18; dens. 0.921 (20/4 C); m.p. -33 C; b.p. 197 C; ref. index 1.4146 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2050 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1050 mg/kg; toxic; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; primary skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, chewing gum, meats, soups, dairy prods., condiments, pickles, seasonings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 2-Methyl-4-pentanone; 4-Methyl-2-pentanone; 4Methylpentan-2-one. See Methyl isobutyl ketone α-Methylpentenal. See 2-Methylpentanal Methyl-2-pentenoic acid. See 2-Methyl-2pentenoic acid 2-Methyl-2-pentenoic acid CAS 3142-72-1; EINECS/ELINCS 221-552-0 FEMA 3195 Synonyms: Methyl-2-pentenoic acid; 2Pentenoic acid, 2-methylEmpirical: C6H10O2 Properties: Wh. to yel. cryst.; sweet woody fruity aroma; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 114.14; dens. 0.979; m.p. 24-26 C; b.p. 123-125 C (30 mm); flash pt. 226 F; sp.gr. 0.975-0.982; b.p. 120 C (20 mm); flash pt. (CC) 225 F; ref. index 1.4501.460 (20 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oakwood Prods. http://www.oakwoodchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com (E)-2-Methyl-2-pentenoic acid; (E)-2-Methylpent2-en-1-oic acid. See trans-2-Methyl-2pentenoic acid trans-2-Methyl-2-pentenoic acid CAS 16957-70-3; EINECS/ELINCS 241-026-4 FEMA 3195 Synonyms: (E)-2-Methyl-2-pentenoic acid; (E)2-Methylpent-2-en-1-oic acid Empirical: C6H10O2 Formula: C2H5CH=C(CH3)CO2H 1586

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Narchem http://www.narchem.com 3-Methyl-2-pent-2-enylcyclopent-2-enone; 3Methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one; 3Methyl-2-(cis-2-penten-1-yl)-2-cyclopenten-1one. See cis-Jasmone Methyl 2-pent-3-enyl-3-oxo-1-cyclopentyl acetate. See Methyl jasmonate 4-Methyl-2-pentyl-1,3-dioxolane. See Hexanal propylene glycol acetal Methyl pentyl ketone. See Methyl n-amyl ketone β-Methylphenethyl alcohol. See 2-Phenyl propanol-1 β-Methylphenethyl butyrate. See 2Phenylpropyl butyrate Methyl phenethyl ether; Methyl 2-phenethyl ether. See 2-Phenylethyl methyl ether 2-Methylphenol. See o-Cresol 3-Methylphenol. See m-Cresol 4-Methylphenol. See p-Cresol m-Methylphenol. See m-Cresol o-Methylphenol. See o-Cresol p-Methylphenol. See p-Cresol 4-Methylphenol methyl ether. See pMethylanisole 4-Methylphenylacetaldehyde. See pTolylacetaldehyde α-Methyl phenylacetaldehyde. See 2Phenylpropanal p-Methylphenylacetaldehyde. See pTolylacetaldehyde Methyl phenylacetate CAS 101-41-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-940-9 FEMA 2733 Synonyms: Benzeneacetic acid, methyl ester; Methyl benzeneacetate; Methyl α-toluate; Phenylacetic acid, methyl ester Empirical: C9H10O2 Formula: C6H5CH2COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; honey-like odor; sol. in 5 parts 60% alcohol; sol. in fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 150.18; dens. 1.066 (20/4 C); b.p. 218-221 C; flash pt. 96 C; ref. index 1.507 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2550 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

skin contact; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, tobacco Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Interchem http://www.interchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-Methylphenyl acetate. See o-Cresyl acetate 4-Methylphenyl acetate. See p-Cresyl acetate o-Methylphenyl acetate. See o-Cresyl acetate p-Methylphenyl acetate. See p-Cresyl acetate 3-Methyl-2-phenylbutanal. See 3-Methyl-2phenylbutyraldehyde Methyl 4-phenylbutanoate. See Methyl 4phenylbutyrate 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butanol; 2-Methyl-4phenylbutan-2-ol. See Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butanol acetate. See 2Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl acetate 3-Methyl-4-phenyl-3-butene-2-one. See 3Methyl-4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one 3-Methyl-4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one CAS 1901-26-4; EINECS/ELINCS 217-599-1 FEMA 2734 Synonyms: Benzylidene acetone methyl; 3Benzylidene-2-butanone; 3-Buten-2-one, 3methyl-4-phenyl-; α-Methyl-αbenzalacetone; 1-Methyl-1-benzylideneacetone; Methyl α-methylstyryl ketone; 3Methyl-4-phenyl-3-butene-2-one Classification: aromatic ketone Empirical: C11H12O 1587

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Pale yel, cryst. solid with a sweet, fruity, berry, camphor odor; sol. in org. solvents and oils; insol. in water; m.w. 160.23; sp. gr. 1.007; m.p. 38-40 C; b.p. 124-125 C @ 10.00 mm Hg Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4100 mg/kg; low toxicity by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl acetate CAS 103-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-077-0 FEMA 2735 Synonyms: α,α-Dimethylbenzenepropanol acetate; Dimethyl phenethyl carbinyl acetate; Dimethyl phenylethyl carbinyl acetate; 1,1-Dimethyl-3-phenylpropyl acetate; (1,1-Dimethyl-3-phenylpropyl) ester acetic acid; 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butanol acetate; Phenyl ethyl dimethyl carbinyl acetate Empirical: C13H18O2 Properties: M.w. 206.31 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4850 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl isobutyrate CAS 10031-71-7; EINECS/ELINCS 233-092-8 FEMA 2736 Synonyms: Dimethylphenethyl carbinyl isobutyrate; Dimethylphenylethyl carbinyl isobutyrate; 1,1-Dimethyl-3-phenylpropyl isobutyrate; 1,1-Dimethyl-3-phenylpropyl 2methylpropanoate; 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2butyl 2-methyl propanoate; 2-Methyl propanoic acid 1,1-dimethyl-3-phenyl propyl ester; Papaya isobutyrate Empirical: C15H22O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; sol. in alcohol and dipropylene glycol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.949-0.957; b.p. 250 C; flash pt. (TCC) > 212.00 F; ref. index .477-1.482 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl 2-methyl propanoate. See 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl isobutyrate 3-Methyl-2-phenylbutyraldehyde CAS 2439-44-3; EINECS/ELINCS 219-461-6 FEMA 2738 Synonyms: α-Isopropyl phenylacetaldehyde; 3-Methyl-2-phenylbutanal; α-Phenyl isovaleraldehyde Empirical: C11H14O Properties: Colorless oily liq.; green fruity odor; sol. in ethanol and oils; insol. in water; m.w. 162.23; sp. gr. 0.972-0.982; b.p. 238.00 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Methyl 4-phenylbutyrate CAS 2046-17-5; EINECS/ELINCS 218-067-1 FEMA 2739 Synonyms: Benzenebutanoic acid, methyl ester; Butyric acid, 4-phenyl-, methyl ester; Methyl ester of benzenebutanoic acid; Methyl 4-phenylbutanoate; 4Phenylbutanoic acid methyl ester Empirical: C11H14O2 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 178.23; vapor pressure 0.0243 mm Hg Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; BioRad Labs http://www.bio-rad.com Methyl phenylcarbinol. See α-Methylbenzyl alcohol Methylphenylcarbinol acetate; Methylphenylcarbinyl acetate. See αMethylbenzyl acetate Methyl phenylcarbinyl butyrate. See αMethylbenzyl butyrate Methyl phenylcarbinyl formate. See αMethylbenzyl formate Methyl phenylcarbinyl isobutyrate. See Methylbenzyl isobutyrate Methylphenylcarbinyl propionate. See αMethylbenzyl propionate 1588

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methyl phenyl diketone. See 1-Phenyl-1,2propanedione 2-(Methylphenyl)-1,3-dioxan-5-ol (mixed isomers). See Tolualdehyde glyceryl acetal, mixed o, m, p 4-Methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane; 4-Methyl-2phenyl-m-dioxolane. See Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal p-Methyl phenyl dodecanoate. See p-Tolyl laurate 2-Methylphenyl ester of acetic acid. See oCresyl acetate 1-(4-Methylphenyl) ethanone. See 4´-Methyl acetophenone Methylphenyl ether. See Anisole α-Methyl phenylethyl alcohol. See 2-Phenyl propanol-1 Methyl phenyl ethyl carbinol. See 4-Phenyl-2butanol Methyl phenylethyl ether. See 2-Phenylethyl methyl ether 1-Methyl-1-phenyl ethyl isobutyrate. See α,αDimethylbenzyl isobutyrate 3-Methyl-3-phenyl glycidic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Methylphenylglyoxal. See 1-Phenyl-1,2propanedione 2-Methylphenyl-2-hydroxybenzoate. See o-Tolyl salicylate Methyl phenyl ketone. See Acetophenone 2-Methylphenyl mercaptan. See o-Thiocresol Methylphenylmethanol. See α-Methylbenzyl alcohol p-Methylphenyl 3-methylbutanoate; pMethylphenyl 3-methylbutyrate. See p-Cresyl isovalerate Methyl phenylmethyl disulfide. See Methyl benzyl disulfide 2-Methyl phenyl 2-methyl propanoate. See oTolyl isobutyrate p-Methylphenyl octanoate. See p-Cresyl octanoate 3-Methyl-3-phenyloxiranecarboxylic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl methylphenylglycidate 3-Methyl-1-phenylpentan-3-ol. See 1-Phenyl-3methyl-3-pentanol 4-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pentanol; 4-Methyl-1phenylpentan-2-ol. See α-Isobutylphenethyl alcohol 4-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pentanone CAS 5349-62-2; EINECS/ELINCS 226-316-0 FEMA 2740 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Benzyl isobutyl ketone; Benzyl 2methylpropyl ketone; Isobutyl benzyl ketone Classification: aromatic ketone Empirical: C12H16O Formula: C6H5CH2C(O)CH2CH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless, oily liq.; sweet, woody, spicy, burnt sugar odor; sol. in org. solvents and oils; insol. in water; misc. with ethanol; m.w. 176.26; sp. gr. 0.940-0.949; b.p. 250-251 C; flash pt. 221 F; ref. index 1.500-1.510 Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 4-Methylphenyl phenylacetate. See p-Tolyl phenylacetate 2-(4-Methylphenyl)-2-propanol. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol 2-Methyl-3-phenyl-2-propenal. See αMethylcinnamaldehyde 3-(4-Methyl phenyl)-2-propenal; 3-p-Methyl phenyl propenal; 3-(p-Methyl phenyl) propenal. See p-Methylcinnamaldehyde 2-(p-Methylphenyl) propene. See p-αDimethylstyrene Methyl-3-phenyl propenoate. See Methyl cinnamate 2-Methyl-3-phenyl-propenyl. See αMethylcinnamaldehyde 2-(p-Methylphenyl) propionaldehyde. See 2-(pTolyl) propionaldehyde Methyl 3-phenylpropionate CAS 103-25-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-092-2 FEMA 2741 Synonyms: Methyl hydrocinnamate Empirical: C10H12O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol and dipropylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 164.20; sp. gr. 1.043; b.p. 91-92 C (4 mm); flash pt. 212 F; ref. index 1.499-1.503 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Honey, fruity, wine, balsam, floral odor; fruity taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1-Methyl-3-phenylpropyl acetate. See 4-Phenyl1589

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 2-butyl acetate o-Methylphenylthiol. See o-Thiocresol 2-Methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone. See Vitamin K1 2-Methylpropanal CAS 78-84-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-149-6 UN 2045; FEMA 2220 Synonyms: iBuH; Isobutanal; Isobutyl aldehyde; Isobutyraldehyde; Isobutyric aldehyde; 2-Methyl-1-propanal; 2Methylpropionaldehyde; Valine aldehyde Empirical: C4H8O Formula: (CH3)2CHCHO Properties: Colorless liq., pungent sharp odor; sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether, benzene, carbon disulfide, acetone, toluene, chloroform, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; m.w. 72.12; dens. 0.7938 (20/4 C); m.p. -65 C; b.p. 64 C; flash pt. (CC) -40 F; ref. index 1.374 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2810 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 7130 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 8000 ppm; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact, inh.; severe skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds, public waters Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flames, oxidizers; can react vigorously with reducing materials; explosive limits 1.6-10.6% Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Features: Banana-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/

Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com I. P. Callison http://www.ipcallison.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com 2-Methyl-1-propanal. See 2-Methylpropanal 2-Methylpropane. See Isobutane 2-Methylpropanethiol. See 2-Methyl-1propanethiol 2-Methyl-1-propanethiol CAS 513-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 208-162-6 FEMA 3874 Synonyms: Isobutanethiol; Isobutyl mercaptan; Isobutyl thiocalcohol; 2Methylpropanethiol; 2-Methyl propane-1thiol; 2-Methyl-1-propyl mercaptan Classification: Sat. thioalcohol Empirical: C4H10S Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2SH Properties: Colorless liq.; strong mustard-like or obnoxious skunk-like odor; very sol. in oil, ethanol, diethyl ether, liq. hydrogen sulfide; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 90.19; dens. 0.831 (20 C); f.p. -144.9 C; b.p. 87-89 C; flash pt. (CC) -9 C; ref. index 1.437-1.444; pH sl. acidic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7168 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 917 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; ing. unlikely, but large doses can cause CNS depression; due to obnoxious odor, detectable before harmful levels are reached; may cause nose/throat irritation, CNS depression; probably non or sl. irritating to skin; eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire risk; explosive reaction with calcium hypochlorite Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx, hydrogen sulfide Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ 2-Methyl propane-1-thiol. See 2-Methyl-1-

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference propanethiol Methyl propanoate. See Methyl propionate 2-Methylpropanoic acid. See Isobutyric acid 2- Methyl propanoic acid acetyl ester. See Octyl isobutyrate (Z)-2-Methylpropanoic acid 3,7-dimethyl-2,6octadienyl ester. See Neryl isobutyrate 2-Methyl propanoic acid 1,1-dimethyl-3-phenyl propyl ester. See 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl isobutyrate 2-Methylpropanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl isobutyrate (Z)-2-Methylpropanoic acid 3-hexenyl ester. See 3-Hexenyl isobutyrate 2-Methylpropanoic acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl isobutyrate 2-Methylpropanoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl isobutyrate 2-Methyl propanoic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester. See Isopropyl isobutyrate; Isopropyl isovalerate 2-Methylpropanoic acid 1-methyl-1-(4-methyl-3cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl ester. See Terpinyl isobutyrate 2-Methyl propanoic acid 2-methyl phenyl ester. See o-Tolyl isobutyrate 2-Methylpropanoic acid 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl isobutyrate 2- Methyl propanoic acid octyl ester. See Octyl isobutyrate 2-Methylpropanoic acid, 3-phenyl-2-propenyl ester. See Cinnamyl isobutyrate 2-Methyl propanoic acid propyl ester. See Propyl isobutyrate 1-Methyl propanol. See 2-Butanol 2-Methylpropanol; 2-Methyl-1-propanol; 2Methylpropan-1-ol. See Isobutyl alcohol 2-Methyl-2-propanol potassium salt. See Potassium t-butylate Methyl-2-propanone. See Methyl ethyl ketone 2-Methyl propanyl butyrate. See Isobutyl butyrate 2-Methyl-1-propene, homopolymer; 2Methylpropene polymer. See Polyisobutene 2-Methyl-2-propenyl butyrate; 2-Methyl-2propen-1-yl butyrate. See 2-Methylallyl butyrate 2-Methylpropionaldehyde. See 2Methylpropanal

Synonyms: Methyl propanoate; Methyl propylate; Propanoic acid methyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C4H8O2 Formula: CH3CH2COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq., fruity rum-like odor; sol. in 16 parts water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 88.11; dens. 0.915 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 40 mm (11 C); m.p. -87 C; b.p. 78-80 C; flash pt. -2 C; autoignition temp. 469 C; ref. index 1.377 (20 C); dielec. const. 5.5 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg, (oral, mouse) 3460 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5000 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse) 27 g/m3; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by inh.; primary skin irritant; target organs: CNS, respiratory system; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 1.09 Precaution: Highly flamm.; explosive limits in air 2.5-13%; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; explosive as vapor exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Apple, banana, strawberry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium

Methyl propionate CAS 554-12-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-060-4 UN 1248 (DOT); FEMA 2742

Methylpropionic acid; 2-Methylpropionic acid; αMethylpropionic acid. See Isobutyric acid 2-Methylpropionic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl isobutyrate 2-Methylpropyl acetate; 2-Methyl-1-propyl acetate. See Isobutyl acetate Methylpropylacetic acid. See 2-Methylpentanoic acid 2-Methyl-1-propyl acetoacetate. See Isobutyl acetoacetate 2-Methylpropyl alcohol. See Isobutyl alcohol

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 2-Methylpropyl 2-aminobenzoate. See Isobutyl anthranilate Methyl propylate. See Methyl propionate 2-Methylpropyl benzeneacetate. See Isobutyl phenylacetate 2-Methylpropyl benzoate. See Isobutyl benzoate 2-Methylpropyl butanoate. See Isobutyl butyrate Methyl propyl carbinol. See s-Amyl alcohol 3-Methyl-5-propyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one CAS 3720-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 223-069-0 FEMA 3577 Synonyms: Celery ketone; 3-Methyl-6propylcyclohex-2-enone Classification: Aliphatic ketone Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Colorless to yel. liq., warm spicy, herbaceous, celery, woody odor; sol. in ether, alcohol, oils; insol. in water; m.w. 152.23; dens. 0.9267; b.p. 242-244 C; flash pt. > 100 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, meats, soft candy, puddings, beverages Use Level: Trace to 3% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lothar Streeck http://www.lothar-streeck.de 3-Methyl-6-propylcyclohex-2-enone. See 3Methyl-5-propyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one Methyl propyl diketone. See Acetyl butyryl 2-Methylpropyl ethanoate; β-Methylpropyl ethanoate. See Isobutyl acetate 2-Methylpropyl furan-2-propionate. See Isobutyl-2-furanpropionate 2-Methylpropyl heptanoate. See Isobutyl heptanoate 2-Methylpropyl hexanoate. See Isobutyl hexanoate 2-Methylpropyl 2-hydroxybenzoate. See Isobutyl salicylate 2-Methylpropyl isobutyrate. See Isobutyl isobutyrate 2-Methylpropyl isovalerate. See Isobutyl isovalerate Methyl propyl ketone CAS 107-87-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-528-1 UN 1249 (DOT); FEMA 2842 Synonyms: Ethyl acetone; Methyl n-propyl ketone; MPK; 2-Pentanone Classification: Saturated aliphatic ketone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C5H10O Formula: CH3COCH2CH2CH3 Properties: Water-wh. liq.; fruity ethereal odor; sol. in ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone, other ketones, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 86.14; dens. 0.801-0.806; vapor pressure 35.4 mm Hg; m.p. -78 C; b.p. 102-103 C; flash pt. (CC) 7 C; autoignition temp. 452 C; ref. index 1.388; surf. tens. 33.87 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 13.6 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 200 ppm, STEL 250 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 3730 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 800 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion, IP; mildly toxic by skin contact, inh.; human systemic effects; skin irritant; mutagenic data; target organs: respiratory system, eyes, skin, CNS; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.18; COD 2.31; ThOD 2.60 Precaution: Highly flamm.; LEL 1.5%; UEL 8.2%; very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; reacts vigorously with oxidizers; explosion hazard in vapor form exposed to heat or flame; mixts. with bromine trifluoride may explode Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Chisso Am.; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com S & S Chem.; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ 1592

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methyl n-propyl ketone. See Methyl propyl ketone 2-Methyl-1-propyl mercaptan. See 2-Methyl-1propanethiol 2-2-Methylpropyl-3-methoxypyrazine. See 2Isobutyl-3-methoxy-pyrazine 2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Isobutyl isovalerate 2-Methylpropyl (Z)-2-methyl-2-butenoate. See Isobutyl angelate 2-Methylpropyl 3-methylbutyrate. See Isobutyl isovalerate Methylpropyl 2-methylisocrotonate. See Isobutyl angelate 2-Methylpropyl methyl ketone. See Methyl isobutyl ketone 2-Methylpropyl 2-methylpropanoate. See Isobutyl isobutyrate 2-Methylpropyl-2-naphthyl ether. See βNaphthyl isobutyl ether

2-Methylpropyl propanoate; 2-Methylpropyl propionate. See Isobutyl propionate 2-Methylpropyl valerate; 2-Methyl-1-propyl nvalerate. See Isobutyl valerate Methylprotocatechualdehyde; Methylprotocatechuic aldehyde. See Vanillin 4-Methyl-2-proyl-1,3-dioxolane. See Butyraldehyde propylene glycol acetal

2-Methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane CAS 67715-80-4; EINECS/ELINCS 261-699-8 UN 1993; FEMA 3578 Synonyms: 1,3-Oxathiane, 2-methyl-4-propyl; Tropathiane; Tropical oxathiane Empirical: C8H16OS Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; pungent, tropical fruit odor; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 160.28; sp.gr. 0.970-0.982; vapor dens. 5.5; b.p. 218-220 C (@ 1013 mBar); flash pt. (CC) 50 C; ref. index 1.4751.485 Toxicology: Skin, eye, respiratory system irritant Environmental: Keep run-off water out of sewers, water sources Precaution: Flammable; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, sulfur Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent Manuf./Distrib.: Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Trade Names Containing: Passion Fruit Treattarome 9750

2-Methylpyrazine CAS 109-08-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-645-8 FEMA 3309 Synonyms: Pyrazine, 2-methyl Classification: Aromatic heterocyclic; pyrazine Empirical: C5H6N2 Properties: Liq.; nutty cocoa odor; misc. with water, alcohol, acetone, fixed oils; m.w. 94.12; dens. 1.020; m.p. -29 C; b.p. 135 C (761 mm); flash pt. (COC) 122 F; ref. index 1.504 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1800 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1820 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Chunking http://www.chunkingchem.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com

Methyl propyl phenyl acetate; 2-Methyl propyl phenyl acetate. See Isobutyl phenylacetate 2-Methylpropyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate. See Isobutyl cinnamate

Methyl pyrazinyl ketone; Methyl 2-pyrazinyl ketone. See 2-Acetylpyrazine Methyl 3-pyridinecarboxylate. See Methyl nicotinate

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methyl 2-pyridyl ketone. See 2-Acetylpyridine Methyl 3-pyridyl ketone; Methyl β-pyridyl ketone. See 3-Acetylpyridine 2-Methyl pyromeconic acid. See Maltol Methyl pyromucate. See Methyl 2-furoate Methyl 2-pyrrolyl ketone. See 2-Acetylpyrrole 4-Methylquinoline; γ-Methylquinoline; pMethylquinoline. See Lepidine Methyl rosinate CAS 68186-14-1; EINECS/ELINCS 269-035-9 INS915 Synonyms: Methyl ester of wood rosin; Resin acids and rosin acids, methyl esters; Rosin acid, methyl ester; Rosin, methyl ester Definition: Methyl ester of acids recovered from rosin Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Glazing agent in foods; in animal glue, wood preservatives for food contact; adjuvant and processing aid in food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2600, 178.3120, 178.3800, 178.3870; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk Methyl rosinate, hydrogenated. See Methyl hydrogenated rosinate Methyl salicylaldehyde. See oMethoxybenzaldehyde Methyl salicylate CAS 119-36-8; EINECS/ELINCS 204-317-7 UN 3082; FEMA 2745 Synonyms: Betula; Betula oil; 2Carbomethoxyphenol; 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester; o-Hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester; 2-(Methoxycarbonyl) phenol; Methyl hydroxybenzoate; Methyl 2hydroxybenzoate; Methyl ohydroxybenzoate; Oil of wintergreen; Sweet birch oil; Synthetic oil of wintergreen; Teaberry oil; Wintergreen oil Classification: Aromatic organic compd. Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and salicylic acid Empirical: C8H8O3 Formula: C6H4OHCOOCH3 Properties: Colorless, yel., or red liq., wintergreen odor and taste; sol. in ether, glacial acetic acid, oxygenated and chlorinated Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

solvs.; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 152.14; dens. 1.180-1.185; m.p. -8.6 C; b.p. 222.2 C; flash pt. (CC) 101 C; ref. index 1.535-1.538 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 887 mg/kg, (subcut., rabbit) 4250 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP, IV, subcut. routes; human poison by ing.; lethal dose 30 cc in adults, 10 cc in children; human systemic effects; primary irritant; severe skin/eye irritant; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizing materials; protect from light, alkaline, iron salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, baked goods, candy, chewing gum Features: Sweet minty flavor Use Level: 0.5 mg/kg/day considered safe for ingestion Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 177.1010; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; FDA approved for buccals, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acmehardesty.com Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Andrea Aromatics; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Citrus and 1594

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/ Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. Flavors and Fragrances USA/Fragrances; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodia-ppa.com/ppa/home.jsp; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ See also Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methylsalicylate methyl ester. See Methyl omethoxybenzoate Methyl silicone; Methyl silicone resin. See Polydimethylsiloxane Methyl sorbate CAS 689-89-4; EINECS/ELINCS 211-712-8 FEMA 3714 Synonyms: 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, methyl ester; 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, methyl ester, (E,E)-; Methyl (2E,4E)-hexadienoate; 2trans-4-trans-Methyl sorbate; Methyl (E,E) sorbate; Methyl trans,trans-sorbate; Sorbic acid, methyl ester; Sorbic acid, methyl ester, (E, E) Empirical: C7H10O2 Properties: Liq.; fruity anise odor; m.w. 126.15; sp.gr. 0.968; b.p. 180 C; flash pt. (CC) 68 C; ref. index 1.503 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents; avoid heat Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of Co, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from heat, open flames; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages, jams, jellies, hard candy Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-trans-4-trans-Methyl sorbate; Methyl (E,E) sorbate; Methyl trans,trans-sorbate. See Methyl sorbate Methyl soyate CAS 67784-80-9; EINECS/ELINCS 267-015-4 Synonyms: Methyl esters of soybean oil; Palm methyl ester; SME Classification: Fatty acid esters Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and soya acid derived from soybeans Properties: Pale yel. liq.; mild odor; insol. in water; vapor pressure 0 Toxicology: Noncarcinogenic Environmental: Biodeg.; low VOC; not an ODC or HAP 1595

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Wear safety glasses, goggles, or face shield; keep away from oxidizing agents, excessive heat, and ignition sources HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in closed containers @50-120 F Uses: Food coatings Regulatory: FDA GRAS; EPA approved SNAP solvent; SARA nonreportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Trade Names: Oleocal® ME-130 Methyl stearate CAS 112-61-8; 85586-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-990-4; 287-824-6 Synonyms: Methyl ester stearic acid; Methyl octadecanoate; Methyl n-octadecanoate; Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester; Stearic acid, methyl ester Definition: Ester of methyl alcohol and stearic acid Empirical: C19H38O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOCH3 Properties: Wh. crystals; sol. in ether, alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 298.57; m.p. 37.8 C; b.p. 234.5 C (30 mm); flash pt. 307 F Toxicology: TDLo (subcut., mouse, 26 wk intermittent) 5200 mg/kg; experimental tumorigen; questionable carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Defoamer and nutrient in fermentation; food coatings; dehydrating agent for grapes to produce raisins Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.225, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3910; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Chemol; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Ferro/Polymer Addit. http://www.ferro.com

Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Penn Bio-Organics http://www.pennbio.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Trade Names: Kemester® 4516 Methyl styryl carbinol. See 4-Phenyl-3-buten-2ol Methyl styryl ketone. See Benzylidene acetone Methyl succinate. See Dimethyl succinate Methyl sulfhydrate. See Methyl mercaptan Methyl sulfide. See Dimethyl sulfide Methyl tetradecanoate. See Methyl myristate 2-Methyl-3-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2hexadecenyl)-1,4-naphthalenedione; 2-Methyl3-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadec-2-enyl)-(1,4) naphthoquinone. See Vitamin K1 Methyltheobromide; Methyltheobromine; 1Methyltheobromine; 7-Methyltheophylline. See Caffeine 1-γ-Methylthio-α-aminobutyric acid. See LMethionine (Methylthio) ethane; 1-(Methylthio) ethane. See Methyl ethyl sulfide Methyl thioether; Methylthiomethane. See Dimethyl sulfide 5-Methyl-2-thiophenecarboxyaldehyde CAS 13679-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 237-178-6 FEMA 3209 Classification: Thiophene Empirical: C6H6OS Properties: M.w. 126.18; dens. 1.170; b.p. 114 C (25 mm); flash pt. 87 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, cereals, condiments, meats, dairy prods., soups Features: Nutty meaty flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 2-Methylthiophenol; o-Methylthiophenol. See o-

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Thiocresol 3-Methylthiopropanal. See 3Methylthiopropionaldehyde 3-Methylthiopropionaldehyde CAS 3268-49-3; EINECS/ELINCS 221-882-5 UN 2785 (DOT); FEMA 2747 Synonyms: Methional; 3-(Methylmercapto) propionaldehyde; β-(Methylmercapto) propionaldehyde; Methylmercaptopropionic aldehyde; 3-Methylthiopropanal; β(Methylthio) propionaldehyde; Propanal, 3(methylthio)-; Propionaldehyde, 3(methylthio)-; Thia-4-pentanal Empirical: C4H8OS Formula: CH3SCH2CH2CHO Properties: Pale yel. mobile liq., powerful onion/meat-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 104.17; dens. 1.052 (20/4 C); b.p. 165-166 C; flash pt. 60 C; ref. index 1.486 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4400 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) 5820 mg/m3; mod. toxic by ing.; irritating to skin, eyes, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of SOx, CO, CO2 Storage: 6 mos. when stored in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; NetQem http://www.netqem.us Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium β-(Methylthio) propionaldehyde. See 3Methylthiopropionaldehyde 3-(Methyl thio) propionic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl 3-(methylthio) propionate 8-Methyltocol. See d-δ-Tocopherol α-Methyl tolualdehyde. See 2-Phenylpropanal Methyl α-toluate. See Methyl phenylacetate α-Methyl-α-toluic aldehyde. See 2Phenylpropanal Methyl o-tolyl ether. See o-Methylanisole Methyl-p-tolyl ether. See p-Methylanisole Methyl p-tolyl ketone. See 4´-Methyl acetophenone 2-Methyl-3-tolylpropionaldehyde, mixed o-, m-, pCAS 977044-51-1 FEMA 2748 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate. See Methyl gallate 3-Methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohex-1-yl)-1buten-2-one. See α-Isomethylionone Methyltrimethylene glycol. See Butylene glycol Methyl trisulfide; Methyl trithio methane. See Dimethyl trisulfide Methylundecanal; 2-Methyl undecanal. See Methyl nonyl acetaldehyde Methyl undecanoate CAS 1731-86-8; EINECS/ELINCS 217-053-2 Synonyms: Methyl N-undecanoate; Methyl undecylenate; Undecanoic acid methyl ester; n-Undecanoic acid methyl ester Classification: Ester Empirical: C12H24O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; waxy odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 200.3; sp.gr. 0.871; flash pt. (CC) 107 C; ref. index 1.429 Toxicology: May cause eye/skin irritation; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed 1597

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Riedel-deHaën http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Fluka ___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Riedel. html; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Methyl N-undecanoate. See Methyl undecanoate Methyl 9-undecenoate CAS 5760-50-9; EINECS/ELINCS 227-279-3 FEMA 2750 Synonyms: Methyl undecylenate; 9Undecenoic acid, methyl ester Empirical: C12H22O2 Properties: Colorless to pale straw-yel. oily liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 198.34; sp. gr. 0.886; b.p. 247-248 C; ref. index 1.4351.441 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3 g/kg; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Methyl undecylenate. See Methyl 9undecenoate; Methyl undecanoate Methyl undecyl ketone. See 2-Tridecanone Methyl 2-undecynoate CAS 10522-18-6 FEMA 2751 Synonyms: Methyl decyne carbonate; 2Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Undecynoic acid methyl ester Empirical: C12H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol and dipropylene glycol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.91; b.p, 230.00 C @ 760.00 mm Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de 2-Methyl-n-valeraldehyde. See 2-Methylpentanal Methyl valerate CAS 624-24-8; EINECS/ELINCS 210-838-0 FEMA 2752 Synonyms: Methyl pentanoate; Methyl nvalerate; Methyl valerianate; Pentanoic acid methyl ester; Valeric acid, methyl ester Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)3COOCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity odor; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 116.16; dens. 0.889 (20/4 C); b.p. 126-128 C; flash pt. 27 C; ref. index 1.397 (20 C) Toxicology: LC50 (inh., mouse, 2 h) 6600 mg/m3; sl. toxic by inh.; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Methyl n-valerate; Methyl valerianate. See Methyl valerate 2-Methylvaleric acid. See 2-Methylpentanoic acid 3-Methylvaleric acid. See 3-Methylpentanoic acid 4-Methyl valeric acid. See 4-Methylpentanoic acid α-Methylvaleric acid. See 2-Methylpentanoic acid 2-Methylvaleric acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl-2methylvalerate δ-Methyl-δ-valerolactone. See δ-Hexalactone 1598

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methyl vanillin; 4-o-Methylvanillin. See Veratraldehyde 2-Methylveraldehyde; α-Methyl veraldehyde. See 2-Methylpentanal 4-Methyl vinyl cyclohexene-1-methyl acetate. See Perillyl acetate 2-Methyl-2-vinyl-5-(α-hydroxyisopropyl) tetrahydrofuran; 2-Methyl-2-vinyl-5-(2hydroxy-2-propyl) tetrahydrofuran. See Linalool oxide Mexican oregano. See Oregano MHPC. See Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 3-MI. See Skatole MIBK (INCI). See Methyl isobutyl ketone Mica CAS 12001-26-2; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Synonyms: CI 77019; Mica silicate; Muscovite mica; Phlogopite; Sericite; Suzorite mica Classification: Silicate minerals Definition: Any of several silicates of varying chem. composition, but similar physical props. and crystalline structure Properties: Colorless to sl. red, brown to greenish-yel. soft, translucent solid; odorless; dens. 2.6-3.2; bulking value 0.044 gal/lb; oil absorp. 40-65; GE brightness 80-88; ref. index 1.56.1.60; hardness (Mohs) 2.8-3.2; dielec. const. 6.5-8.7; heat resistant to 600 C; noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 3 mg/m3 (respirable dust); irritant by inhalation; may damage lungs (fibrosis); may cause abnormal chest x-ray, coughing, shortness of breath; nontoxic to skin Uses: Filler, slip agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1496, 73.2496, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1460, 177.2410, 177.2600, 178.3297; exempt from certification, permanently listed for drug use; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; Franklin Ind. Mins. http://www.frankmin.com; Gelest http://www.gelest.com H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; L.V. Lomas http://www.lvlomas.com; Landers-Segal Color http://www.pigments.com/; Nyco Mins. http://www.nycominerals.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Oglebay Norton http://www.oglebaynorton.com/; Presperse http://www.presperse.com/; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.a sp; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Tamms Ind. http://www.tamms.com Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; U.S. Synthetics; Zemex Ind. Mins. http://www.zi-m.com Trade Names: Lipomic 601 Mica silicate. See Mica Microcrystalline cellulose CAS 9004-34-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-674-9 INS460(i) Synonyms: Cellulose gel; MCC Definition: Isolated, colloidal crystalline portion of cellulose fibers; partially depolymerized acid hydrolysis prod. of purified wood cellulose Formula: (C6H10O5)n Properties: Wh. fine cryst. powd., odorless; partly sol. with swelling in dil. alkali; insol. in water, dil. acids, and most org. solvs.; m.w. ≈ 36,000; bulk dens. 18-19 lb/ft3; ref. index 1.55; pH 5-7 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, no significant hazard; irritant by inhalation (dust); may be damaging to lungs; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, anticaking agent, texturizer, dispersant, binder, release agent, lubricant, nonnutritive bulking agent, dietary fiber, emulsion/heat stabilizer, carrier, stabilizer, fat replacement for foods, tablets Regulatory: FDA GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asahi Chem. Ind. http://www.asahi-kasei.co.jp; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/; Lehmann & Voss http://www.lehvoss.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Ming Tai Chem. http://www.mingtai.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; NB Entrepreneurs http://www.nbent.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trade Names: Avicel® RC-501; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101 Tabulose® 102; Vivacel® 12; Vivacel® 101; Vivacel® 102; Vivacel® 112 Vivacel® 200; Vivapur® 101; Vivapur® 102; Vivapur® 105; Vivapur® 200 Trade Names Containing: Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581; Avicel® RC-591F; FloAm® System; Lactarin® XP 3410 SeaGel® XP 3428; Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611 Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscarin® JC 1270; Viscarin® XP 3399 Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-611; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 Microcrystalline hydrocarbon wax. See Microcrystalline wax Microcrystalline wax CAS 8063-08-9; 63231-60-7; 64742-42-3; EINECS/ELINCS 264-038-1 INS905c(i); E905 Synonyms: Cera microcristallina; Microcrystalline hydrocarbon wax; Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, microcrystalline; Petroleum wax, microcrystalline; Waxes, microcrystalline Classification: Hydrocarbon wax Definition: Wax derived from petroleum; combination of long branched chain hydrocarbons obtained from residual oils by solvent crystallization; consists of high m.w. saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons > C35 and char. by fineness of crystals Properties: Wh. or cream-colored waxy solid, odorless; sol. in chloroform, ether, volatile oils, most warm fixed oils; insol. in water; very sl. sol. in dehydrated alcohol; m.p. 54-102 C Toxicology: May be carcinogenic; TSCA listed Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum; protective coating on cheese, raw fruits/vegs.; microcapsule component for spice flavors; defoamer in processing foods; glazing agent, polishing agent, release agent, stiffener in foods; tablet coating Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.886, 173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 1600

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 176.170, 176.200, 177.2600; Europe listed; UK approved for restricted use; FDA approved for orals, topicals Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Baker Petrolite http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; British Wax Refining http://www.british-wax.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Concord http://www.concordchemical.com Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Elementis Spec. http://www.elementisspecialties.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Ferro http://www.ferro.com; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Honeywell Spec. Wax & Addit. http://www.acwax.com; IGI http://www.igiwax.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kimpton Bros. Ltd http://www.kimpton.co.uk Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; Scheel http://www.scheelcorp.com/; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Shamrock Tech. http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Tryline http://www.tryline.com; Universal PreservHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com Trade Names: Astor™ OK 6080; Bareco® C1035; Be Square® 175; Be Square® 185; Be Square® 195 Ecco Wax M-85; Ecco Wax MM-5; Koster Keunen Microcrystalline Waxes; Mekon® White; Multiwax® 180-W Multiwax® ML-445; Multiwax® W-445; Multiwax® W-835; Starwax® 100; Ultraflex® Victory® Trade Names Containing: Delvowax® See also Petroleum wax Microcrystalline wax, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated microcrystalline wax Milfoil. See Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) Milfoil extract. See Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) extract Milk acid. See Lactic acid Milk of lime. See Calcium hydroxide Milk of magnesia. See Magnesium hydroxide Milk, nonfat dry. See Nonfat dry milk Milk protein CAS 9000-71-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-555-1 Synonyms: Casein; Lactis proteinum Definition: Mixture of proteins obtained from cow's milk Properties: Light-yel. powd. Uses: Cheesemaking; dietetic preps.; foods; feeds; emulsifier, water binder for meat prods. Manuf./Distrib.: Adams Food Ingreds. Ltd http://www.adamsfood.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com; Dutch Protein & Services BV http://www.dpsfood.nl/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fonterra NZ - Ingreds. http://www.fonterra.com; Havero Hoogwegt BV http://www.havero.nl; Induxtra de Suministros Llorella SA http://www.induxtra.com; Meggle GmbH http://www.meggle.de; Nat'l. Casein http://www.nationalcasein.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Worthington Biochemical http://www.worthingtonbiochem.com Trade Names: AC-130; AC-180; Barmax™; CMP-221; CMP-GP CMP-I®; EM 9N 1601

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names Containing: C12 Peption; Calcium Caseinate A; Calcium Caseinate I; DP 313; DP 325 DP 363; DP 374; EM 12; EM 14; Lactoferrin Lactoperoxidase; Mix 41; Mix 70 See also Casein Milk protein, casein. See Casein Milk sugar. See Lactose monohydrate; Lactose Mineral grease (petrolatum); Mineral jelly. See Petrolatum Mineral naphtha. See Benzene Mineral oil CAS 8012-95-1; 8020-83-5 (wh.); 8042-47-5 (wh.); 39355-35-6; 79956-36-8; 83046-05-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-384-2; 232-455-8 (wh.) INS905a Synonyms: Heavy mineral oil; Light mineral oil; Liquid paraffin; Liquid petrolatum; Mineral oil, white; Oil mist, mineral; Paraffin oil; Paraffinum liquidum; Petrolatum liquid; Petroleum oil; White mineral oil; White oil Definition: Liq. mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum by intensive treatment with sulfuric acid and oleum, or by hydrogenation, or a combination; consists of predominantly C15-50 sat. hydrocarbons Properties: Colorless transparent oily liq., odorless, tasteless; insol. in water, alcohol; sol. in benzene, chloroform, ether, petrol. ether, carbon disulfide, volatile oils; dens. 0.83-0.86 (light), 0.875-0.905 (heavy); flash pt. (OC) 444 F; surf. tens. < 35 dynes/cm Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; STEL 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, mouse) 22 g/kg; skin and severe eye irritant; inh. of vapor or particulates may cause aspiration pneumonia; human carcinogen and teratogen by inhalation; tumorigen; highly purified food grades are of low toxicity; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Mold release agent, formulation aid, sealing agent, glazing agent, binder, defoamer, lubricant, fermentation aid, protective coating in foods, bakery prods., beet sugar, confections, fruit, grain, frozen meat, pickles, potatoes, sorbic acid, vegetables, vinegar, wine, yeast; in defoamers for beet sugar, yeast processing Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Oleaginous Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.842, 172.878, 173.340 (limitation 0.008% in wash water for sliced potatoes, 150 ppm in yeast), 175.105, 175.210, 175.230, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600,; Canada DSL; 177.2800, 178.2010, 178.3570, 178.3620, 178.3740, 178.3910, 179.45, 573.680; ADI not specified (FAO/WHO); FDA approved for ophthalmics, orals, topicals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AP Pharma http://www.appharma.com/; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; British Wax Refining http://www.british-wax.com Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Castrol Ind. http://www.castrolindustrial.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Magie Bros. Oil Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/ O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penreco 1602

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.penreco.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com San Yuan; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; U.S. Synthetics; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Bake-Well Divider Oil; BakeWell K Machine Oil; Benol®; Blandol®; Britol® 6NF Britol® 7NF; Britol® 9NF; Britol® 20USP; Britol® 35USP; Britol® 50USP Carnation®; Citation™ 55; Citation™ 55S; Citation™ 70; Citation™ 90 Citation™ 100; Citation™ 130; Citation™ 150; Citation™ 180; Citation™ 210 Citation™ 280; Citation™ 350; Citation™ 550; Divider Oil # 90; Divider Oil #200 Divider Oil # 210; Drakeol® 10; Drakeol® 10B; Drakeol® 13; Drakeol® 15 Drakeol® 19; Drakeol® 21; Drakeol® 34; Drakeol® 35; Drakeol® 5 Drakeol® 7; Drakeol® 9; Drakeol® 350; Drakeol® 32; Drakesol® 220 Drakesol® 260; Drakesol® 260 AT; Drakesol® 305; Draketex 50; Ervol® Gloria®; Hydrobrite® 300PO; Hydrobrite® 1000; Kaydol®; Klearol® ProCon™ 7 NF; ProCon™ 9 NF; ProCon™ 350 USP; Protol®; Rudol® Superla® No. 5; Superla® No. 7; Superla® No. 9; Superla® No. 10; Superla® No. 13 Superla® No. 18; Superla® No. 21; Superla® No. 31; Superla® No. 35; Superla® No. 38 Superla® No. 50 Trade Names Containing: AccuCoat® 05520; Avagel™ 530; Bake-Well 52; Bake-Well 80/20; Bake-Well All Vegetable High Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Stability Pan Oil CleanSet 03730; CleanSet 03736; CleanSet 03737; CleanSet 03738; DPO™ 100 DPO™ 225; Nu Mould™; ProKote™ C; Serdas® GLN; TroKote™ Mineral oil, white. See Mineral oil Mineral soap. See Bentonite Mineral spirits. See VM&P naphtha Mineral spirits Type I. See Stoddard solvent Mineral wax. See Ozokerite Mineral white. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Mint. See Spearmint (Mentha spicata) Mintlactone. See Menthalactone Mint oil. See Mentha arvensis oil MIPA. See Isopropanolamine Mixed decanoic and octanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol. See Caprylic/capric triglyceride Mixed decanoic and octanoic acids, methyl esters. See Methyl caprylate/caprate Mixed tocopherols. See Tocopherol MKP. See Potassium phosphate MMA. See Dimethyl anthranilate MNA. See Methyl nonyl acetaldehyde MNBA. See n-Butylamine Modified beeswax. See Beeswax, synthetic Modified food starch. See Food starch, modified Modified starch. See Starch sodium octenyl succinate Modified Yucca (cassava) starch acetate. See Starch acetate Mohave yucca extract. See Yucca schidigera extract Molasses extract. See Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) extract Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) CAS 68476-78-8; 977001-99-2 Definition: Residue after sucrose has been removed from the mother liquor in sugar manufacture Properties: Thick liq. Uses: Sweetener, colorant for use in baking, candies, ice cream, animal feed and for tobacco casings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 131.112, 131.170, 131.200, 131.203, 131.206, 172.816; 182.20, Canada DSL Trade Names: Bionature® Light Liquid Molasses; Bionature® Medium Liquid Molasses; De-Mol® Dry Molasses Powder; De-Mol® Molasses Flake 1603

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names Containing: Dri-Mol®; Dri-Mol® 60; Dri-Mol® 604; Dri-Mol® Flake; Sweet'n'Neat® 65 Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) extract CAS 977091-60-3 Synonyms: Molasses extract; Saccharum officinarum; Saccharum officinarum extract Definition: Extract of molasses, Saccarum officinarum Properties: Usually sweet, also can taste burnt Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, tobacco Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Molecular chlorine. See Chlorine Molecular hydrogen. See Hydrogen Molecular oxygen. See Oxygen Monarda; Monarda punctata; Monarda punctata extract. See Horsemint (Monarda punctata) extract Monoammonium carbonate. See Ammonium bicarbonate Monoammonium glutamate; Monoammonium Lglutamate. See Ammonium glutamate Monoammonium glycyrrhizate. See Ammonium glycyrrhizate Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate. See Ammonium glycyrrhizinate; Ammonium glycyrrhizate Monoammonium phosphate. See Ammonium phosphate Monoammonium sulfide. See Ammonium sulfide Monoammonium sulfite. See Ammonium bisulfite Monobasic sodium phosphate. See Sodium phosphate Monobutylamine; Mono-n-butylamine. See nButylamine Monobutyl glycol ether. See Butoxyethanol Mono-t-butyl hydroquinone. See t-Butyl hydroquinone Monocalcium carbonate. See Calcium carbonate Monocalcium di-L-glutamate. See Calcium glutamate Monocalcium dihydrogen diphosphate. See Calcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate; Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate Monocalcium 2-DL-hydroxysuccinate; Monocalcium DL-malate. See Calcium hydrogen malate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Monocalcium orthophosphate. See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Monocalcium orthophosphate monohydrate. See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate Monocalcium phosphate; Monocalcium phosphate anhydrous. See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate. See Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate Monocaprin. See Glyceryl caprate Monochlorodimethyl ether. See Chloromethyl methyl ether Monochloromethane. See Methyl chloride Monochloropentafluoroethane. See Chloropentafluoroethane Mono decanoyl octanoyl glyceride. See Caprylic/capric triglyceride Monodehydrosorbitol monooleate. See Sorbitan oleate Mono- and diglycerides, acetic acid esters. See Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Mono- and diglycerides, acetyltartaric acid esters. See Acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Mono- and diglycerides citrates; Mono- and diglycerides, citric acid esters. See Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Mono- and diglycerides, diacetyl tartaric acid esters. See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Mono- and diglycerides, ethoxylated. See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids CAS 67254-73-3; 67701-32-0; 67701-33-1; 68990-53-4 INS471; E471 Synonyms: Fatty acid mono/diglycerides; MDG Definition: Mixt. of glycerol mono- and di-esters, with minor amts. of tri-esters, of fatty acids from edible oils Properties: Yel. liqs. to ivory plastics to hard solids, bland odor and taste; sol. in alcohol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, other chlorinated hydrocarbons; insol. in water; acid no. 4 max.; Nonionic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes 1604

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Dough strengthener, emulsifier, flavoring agent, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, softener, solvent, stabilizer, surfactant, surface-finishing agent, texturizer, thickener, vehicle in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 172.812, 172.863, 175.105, 184.1505, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Europe listed; UK approved; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Trade Names: Admul Emulsponge 5306; Admul MG 40-04; Admul MG 42-04; Admul MG 44-04; Admul MG 60-04 Aldo® MS#2 Special KFG; Alphadim® 70K; Alphadim® 90AB; Alphadim® 90PBK; Alphadim® 90SBK Alphadim® 90SBK FG; Atmos® 300 K; Atmul® 695 K; Atmul® 1003 K; BFP 30 BFP 65C; BFP 65K; BFP 74A; BFP 74K; BFP 800 BFP GLP; BFP L 100; BFP L Mono; BFP RA15 K; Excel VS-95 Imwitor® 171; Imwitor® 175; Imwitor® 325; Kirnol® Range; Lamemul® K 2000-Range MDG; Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K; Myverol 18-01; Tinamul® Trade Names Containing: 21110 Ovalett NNC; 21115 Ovalett; 21118 Ovalett Special; 21825 Bacom; Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG Alphadim® 90VCK; Amfal-46; Atlas® 5520; Atmos® 378 K; Avox™ 6 Avox™ 7; Avox™ 25; Avox™ 26; Avox™ 27; Bacom Bake-Well Bun Release; Betricing; Betrkake; BFP 64K; BFP 75K Brosoft; Cake Mix 96; Cameo Velvet®; Cameo Velvet WT; CDC-10A CDC-10A (NB); CDC-50; CDC-2001; CDC2500; CFI-10 Crodacreme Range; Dependox AXC; Descote® Pyridoxine Hydrochoride 331/3%; Descote® Riboflavin 331/3%; Descote® Thiamine Mononitrate 331/3% Doughmaker 4; Durem™ 114; Durem™ 117; Durem™ 204; Durem™ 207 Durem™ 207-E; Durem™ 300; Dur-Lo®; EC25® Esprion® 611; Glacier II; Hodag® S-35 K; Liquid Monobac; Monofreeze 80 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Panalite® 90D K; Paniset®; Panistay®; Performix™ A Lecithin; Permitex Rocoat® Niacinamide 331/3%; Rocoat® Thiamine Mononitrate 331/3%; Soft Touch K; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8 Tandem® 11H K; Tandem® 552; Tandem® 552 K; Top Mate Kosher; Xpando Xpando 70; Xpando Powder Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids esterified with mono- and diacetyltartaric acid. See Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Mono- and diglycerides, lactic acid esters. See Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Mono- and diglycerides, monosodium phosphate derivs. See Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs. Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs. CAS 977051-32-3 Synonyms: Mono- and diglycerides, monosodium phosphate derivs.; Monosodium phosphate derivs. of monoand diglycerides Definition: Glyceride derivs. formed by reacting mono- and diglycerides that are derived from edible sources with phosphorus pentoxide followed by neutralization with sodium carbonate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, lubricant, release agent, surfactant in foods, soft candy, dairy prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1521, GRAS Mono- and diglycerides, sodium sulfoacetate derivs. See Sodium sulfoacetate derivs. of mono- and diglycerides Mono, di, triglycerides C12-C18 CAS 91052-53-8; EINECS/ELINCS 293-214-0 Uses: Ingred. in food Trade Names: Monestriol GE; Monestriol GP35; Monestriol GP-35-3%; Monestriol GP-35AE; Monestriol GP-40 Monestriol GP-40-CF; Monestriol GP-45-DC Monododecyl sodium sulfate. See Sodium lauryl sulfate Monoethanolamine. See Ethanolamine Monoethyl fumarate. See Ethyl fumarate Mono (2-ethylhexyl) sulfate sodium salt. See 1605

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate Mono-ethyl 1-propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate. See Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters Monoglyceride citrate CAS 36291-32-4 Definition: Mixt. of glyceryl monooleate and its citric acid monoester Properties: Wh. to ivory-colored soft waxy solid, bland odor/taste; sol. in most common fat solvs., alcohol; insol. in water; acid no. 70-100 Uses: Synergist and solubilizer for antioxidants added to fats and oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.832, 176.170, 176.180; FDA limitation 200 ppm (cured meats); WHO limitation 100 ppm (fats, oils, margarine); Canada DSL Monoglycerides, acetylated. See Acetylated glycerides Monoglyceryl oleate. See Glyceryl oleate Monohydroxyaluminum distearate. See Aluminum distearate Monohydroxybenzene. See Phenol Monohydroxymethane. See Methyl alcohol Monoisopropanolamine. See Isopropanolamine Monoisopropyl citrate. See Isopropyl citrate 1-Monolaurin. See Glyceryl laurate Monolinolein. See Glyceryl linoleate Monomagnesium di-L-glutamate tetrahydrate. See Magnesium glutamate Monomagnesium dihydrogen monophosphate; Monomagnesium orthophosphate; Monomagnesium phosphate. See Magnesium phosphate monobasic Monomyristin. See Glyceryl myristate Monooctanoin. See Glyceryl caprylate Monoolein; Monooleoylglycerol. See Glyceryl oleate Monopalmitate sorbitan. See Sorbitan palmitate Monophenol. See Phenol Monophosphoric acid. See Phosphoric acid Monopotassium carbonate. See Potassium bicarbonate Monopotassium citrate. See Potassium dihydrogen citrate Monopotassium glutamate; Monopotassium Lglutamate. See Potassium glutamate Monopotassium 2-hydroxypropanoate acid. See Potassium lactate Monopotassium metaphosphate. See Potassium metaphosphate Monopotassium monosodium tartrate. See Potassium sodium tartrate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Monopotassium monosodium tartrate tetrahydrate. See Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate Monopotassium orthophosphate. See Potassium phosphate Monopotassium D(-)-pentahydroxy capronate. See Potassium D-gluconate Monopotassium phosphate. See Potassium phosphate Monopotassium sulfate. See Potassium bisulfate Monopotassium tartrate; Monopotassium L-(+)tartrate. See Potassium acid tartrate Monopropylene glycol. See Propylene glycol Monopyrrole. See Pyrrole Monoricinolein; α-Monoricinolein. See Glyceryl ricinoleate Monosodium ascorbate; Monosodium Lascorbate. See Sodium ascorbate Monosodium trans-butenedioic acid. See Sodium fumarate Monosodium carbonate. See Sodium bicarbonate Monosodium citrate (INCI); Monosodium citrate anhydrous. See Sodium citrate Monosodium dihydrogen phosphate. See Sodium phosphate Monosodium trans-1,2-ethylenedicarboxylate; Monosodium trans-1,2-ethylenedicarboxylic acid; Monosodium fumarate. See Sodium fumarate Monosodium gluconate. See Sodium gluconate Monosodium glutamate; α-Monosodium glutamate; Monosodium L-glutamate; Monosodium L-glutamate monohydrate. See MSG Monosodium-2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3tricarboxylate. See Sodium citrate Monosodium 2-DL-hydroxysuccinate; Monosodium DL-malate. See Sodium hydrogen malate Monosodium orthophosphate. See Sodium phosphate Monosodium D(-)-pentahydroxy capronate. See Sodium gluconate Monosodium phosphate. See Sodium phosphate Monosodium phosphate derivs. of mono- and diglycerides. See Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs. Monosodium tartrate INS335(i); E335 1606

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Sodium tartrate Definition: Sodium salt of tartaric acid Uses: Acidity regulator, stabilizer, sequestrant, antioxidant and synergist in food Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Monostarch phosphate. See Starch phosphate Monostearin. See Glyceryl stearate Monostearyl citrate. See Stearyl citrate Monostearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. See Steartrimonium chloride Monosteol. See Propylene glycol stearate Mono-tertiarybutylhydroquinone. See t-Butyl hydroquinone Montmorillonite CAS 1318-93-0; EINECS/ELINCS 215-288-5 Classification: Complex silicate clay mineral Definition: Specific type of Fuller's earth Formula: Al2O3 • 4SiO2 • 2H2O Properties: Lt. yel. or green, cream, pink, gray to black; insol. in water and common org. solvs. Toxicology: Poison by IV route; inh. of dust can cause respiratory irritation Uses: Filtering agent for clarification and cold fining of wine, beer, and vinegar Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Southern Clay Prods. http://www.scprod.com Morellone. See Benzyl dipropyl ketone Morpholine CAS 110-91-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-815-1 UN 1760 (DOT); UN 2054 (DOT) Synonyms: Diethyleneimide oxide; Diethylene imidoxide; Diethylene oximide; Diethylenimide oxide; 1-Oxa-4azacyclohexane; Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine; Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine; Tetrahydro-1,4oxazine; Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine; Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-oxazine; Tetrahydro-poxazine Classification: Heterocyclic sec. amine Empirical: C4H9NO Formula: C4H8ONH Properties: Colorless clear oily liq., amine-like odor; sol. in water, acetone, benzene, ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, ethylene glycol, castor oil, alcohols; m.w. 87.14; sp.gr. 1.002 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 10 mm Hg (23 C); f.p. -4.9 C; b.p. 128.9 C; flash pt. (OC) 37.7 C; autoignition temp. 590 F; ref. index 1.4540 (20 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 20 ppm; STEL 30 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 1050 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., inh., skin contact, IP; corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; overexposure may cause visual disturbance, nose and respiratory irritation, coughing, liver and kidney damage; very high concs. may be fatal; TSCA listed Environmental: LC50 (bluegill, 96 h) 350 mg/l Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to flame, heat or oxidizers; reactive with oxidizers; explosive with nitromethane; incompat. with strong acids, acid anhydrides, nitrites, cellulose nitrate, isocyanates, org. peroxides, epoxides Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: CO, CO2, NOx, ammonia NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; hygroscopic Uses: Mfg. of protective coatings for fresh fruits and vegetables; boiler water additive for food contact except milk prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.235, 173.310 (10 ppm max. in steam), 175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 178.3300; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nippon Nyukazai http://www.sankyo.co.jp; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal 1607

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Morrhua oil. See Cod liver oil Mossbunker oil. See Menhaden oil Mother of thyme extract. See Wild thyme (Thymus serpillum) extract Motor benzol. See Benzene Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) extract solid CAS 977089-65-8 FEMA 2757 Synonyms: Acer spicatum; Acer spicatum extract solid; Maple, mountain, extract solid; Mountain maple extract solid Definition: Extract derived from Acer spicatum Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, tobacco prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Mountain maple extract solid. See Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) extract solid Mountain pine oil. See Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil Mountain tobacco. See Arnica montana MPA. See Isobutyric acid MPG. See Potassium glutamate MPK. See Methyl propyl ketone MSC. See Sodium citrate; Stearyl citrate MSG CAS 142-47-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-538-1 FEMA 2756; INS621; E621 Synonyms: Chinese seasoning; Glutamic acid, monosodium salt; Glutamic acid, sodium salt; Monosodium glutamate; αMonosodium glutamate; Monosodium Lglutamate; Monosodium L-glutamate monohydrate; Sodium glutamate (INCI); Sodium L-glutamate; Sodium hydrogen glutamate; Sodium hydrogen L-glutamate Definition: Monosodium salt of L-form of glutamic acid; avail. commercially as the natural L(+)-enantiomer Empirical: C5H8NO4 • Na (anhyd.); C5H8NNaO4 • H2O (monohydrate) Formula: HOOCCH2CH2CHNH2COONa Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst. or cryst. powd., sl. peptone-like odor, sl. sweet or sl. salty taste; very sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

m.w. 169.13 (anhyd.), 187.13 (monohydrate); pH 6.7-7.2 (5%) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 17 g/kg, (IV, rat) 3300 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 4253 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV; mildly toxic by ing. and other routes; human systemic effects by ing. and IV (somnolence, hallucinations, headache, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, dermatitis); causes 'Chinese Restaurant Syndrome;' experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; nonmutagenic; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods, meat, poultry, sauces, soups; animal feed additive; dietary supplement (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 145.131, 155.120, 155.130, 155.170, 155.200, 155.201, 158.170, 161.190, 169.115, 169.140, 169.150, 172.320, 182.1, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; not permitted for use in baby foods in UK; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomotousa.com; http://www.ajichem.com Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Omya UK http://www.omya.co.uk/web/omya_uk.nsf/H omePage_Lang1?OpenForm&omya_langid =1&omya_navid=0000; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum 1608

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Worlée-Chemie http://www.worlee.de/ Trade Names Containing: Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300 MSP. See Sodium phosphate MTA. See Metatartaric acid MTBHQ. See t-Butyl hydroquinone Mugwort oil. See Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil Mullein extract. See Mullein (Verbascum thapsus) extract Mullein (Verbascum thapsus) extract CAS 90064-13-4; 84012-25-9; 84650-17-9; EINECS/ELINCS 290-074-2 Synonyms: Gidartamaku extract; Mullein extract; Verbascum thapsis extract; Verbascum thapsus Definition: Extract of flowers and leaves of the common mullein, Verbascum thapsis Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 1 g/kg Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Muramidase. See Lysozyme Muriate of potash. See Potassium chloride Muriatic acid. See Hydrochloric acid Murillo bark extract. See Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) Muscatel oil; Muscatel sage oil. See Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil Muscovite mica. See Mica Musk. See Musk (Moschus moschiferus) Musk T. See Ethylene brassylate Musk ambrette CAS 83-66-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-493-7 FEMA 2758 Synonyms: Amber musk; Artificial musk ambrette; Benzene, 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2methoxy-4-methyl-3,5-dinitro-; 5-t-Butyl-1,3dinitro-4-methoxy-2-methylbenzene; 4-tButyl-2,6-dinitro-3-methoxytoluene; 6-tButyl-3-methyl-2,4-dinitroanisole; 1-(1,1Dimethylethyl)-2-methoxy-4-methyl-3,5Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dinitrobenzene; 2,6-Dinitro-3-methoxy-4-tbutyltoluene; 2,6-Dinitro-3-methoxy-1methyl-4-t-butylbenzene; Griselimycine; 1Methyl-4-t-butyl-3-methoxy-2,6dinitrobenzene; Musk ambrette, artificial; Synthetic musk ambrette Empirical: C12H16N2O5 Properties: Pale yel. liq.; sol. in ether; sol. ≥ 10 mg/ml in 95% ethanol; sl. sol. in DMSO; insol. in water; m.w. 268.27; m.p. 84-86 C; b.p. 135 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 339 mg/kg; toxic; local irritant; photosensitive; neurotoxic effects; penetrates human skin and is only slowly excreted; target organ: nerves; TSCA listed Precaution: Probably combustible Storage: Store refrigerated Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS delisted; prohibited for cosmetics (Europe); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Musk ambrette, artificial. See Musk ambrette Musk (Moschus moschiferus) CAS 8001-04-5 FEMA 2759 Synonyms: Musk; Musk tonquin; Tonquin musk Definition: Derived from musk deer, Moschus moschiferus Toxicology: Allergen Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, syrups Features: Potent penetrating musk odor with strong animal note Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.50, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Berje 1609

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.berjeinc.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Musk tonquin. See Musk (Moschus moschiferus) Mustard oil CAS 8007-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 290-076-3 FEMA 2760 Synonyms: Mustard seed oil Definition: Oil derived from Brassia spp. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, alcoholic beverages Features: Hot nutty taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.180, 176.210, 177.2800, 182.20, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com See also Allyl isothiocyanate Mustard seed oil. See Mustard oil Musuet synthetic; Musuettine principle. See Hydroxycitronellal Mutton tallow. See Tallow Mycose. See Trehalose myo-Inositol. See Inositol myo-Inositol, hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate); myo-Inositol hexakisphosphate. See Inositolhexaphosphoric acid myo-Inositol-hexakisphosphate 3phosphohydrolase. See Phytase myo-Inositol hexaphosphate. See Inositolhexaphosphoric acid Myrcene CAS 123-35-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-622-5 UN 2319; FEMA 2762 Synonyms: β-Geraniolene; 3-Methylene-7methyl-1,6-octadiene; 2-Methyl-6methylene-2,7-octadiene; 7-Methyl-3methylene-1,6-octadiene; 7-Methyl-3methylene-octa-1,6-diene; β-Myrcene Empirical: C10H16 Formula: (CH3)2C=CHCH2CH2C(CH2)CH=CH2 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. oily liq., pleasant Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

balsamic odor; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, fixed oils, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 136.23; dens. 0.791; b.p. 167 C; flash pt. 103 F; ref. index 1.4650; tenacity 1 hr. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin and eye irritant; experimental reproductive effector; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Use Level: 1-5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 2-2358); Japan MITI; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; DRT http://www.drt.fr; http://www.drt.fr/en; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Trade Names: Myrcene Supra, FCC β-Myrcene. See Myrcene Myrcia oil. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil Myrica oil. See Bay (Pimenta acris) oil Myricyl alcohol CAS 593-50-0; EINECS/ELINCS 209-794-5 Synonyms: 1-Hydroxytriacontane; Melissyl alcohol; Triacontanol; 1-Triacontanol 1610

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: Alcohol Empirical: C30H62O Formula: CH3(CH2)28CH2OH Properties: Cryst.; sol. in benzene, ether; very sl. sol. in cold alcohol, more sol. in hot alcohol; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 438.82; dens. 0.777; m.p. 87 C Storage: Store @ 2-8 C Uses: Ingred. in dietary supplements Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Trade Names Containing: Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol 30%; Lesstanol™ Natural Policosanol 60 Myristaldehyde CAS 124-25-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-692-7 FEMA 2763 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-14; Aldehyde C-14, myristic; C-14 aldehyde, myristic; Myristic aldehyde; Tetradecanal; 1-Tetradecanal; Tetradecyl aldehyde; 1-Tetradecyl aldehyde Empirical: C14H28O Formula: CH3(CH2)12CHO Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq. or solid, strong fatty orris-like odor; insol. in water; m.w. 212.38; dens. 0.825-0.835; m.p. 23 C; b.p. 260 C; ref. index 1.43.80-1.4450 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 10 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Refrigerate; store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Citrus, fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Myristalkonium chloride CAS 139-08-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-352-0 Synonyms: Benzenemethanaminium, N,Ndimethyl-N-tetradecyl-, chloride; Dimethyl myristyl benzylammonium chloride; N,NDimethyl-Ntetradecylbenzenemethanaminium chloride; Myristyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; Tetradecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride Classification: Quaternary ammonium salt Empirical: C23H42N • Cl Properties: Wh. free-flowing powd.; m.w. 368.11; m.p. 60-61 C; cationic Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 18 mg/kg; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, NH3, and Cl– Uses: Antimicrobial, germicide, preservative in foods; antimicrobial in cane-sugar mills; sanitizer for food and beverage processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.165 (limitation 312 ppm), 173.320 (limitation 0.6 ppm on wt. of raw sugar cane or raw beets), 175.105, 178.1010; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; JFC Technologies http://www.jfctechnologies.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mason http://www.maquat.com/ Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Nissan Cation M2-100 Myristic acid CAS 544-63-8; EINECS/ELINCS 208-875-2 FEMA 2764; INS570; E570 Synonyms: Tetradecanoic acid; n-Tetradecoic acid; 1-Tridecanecarboxylic acid Classification: Organic acid; aliphatic carboxylic acid Empirical: C14H28O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)12COOH Properties: Oily wh. cryst. solid; faint odor; sol. in acetone, alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether, aromatic and chlorinated solvs.; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 228.36; dens. 0.8739 (80 C); m.p. 54.5 C; b.p. 326.2 C; flash pt. > 230 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 43 mg/kg; poison by IV route; eye and human skin irritant; mutagenic data; 1611

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers (may react violently if heated, increased fire risk), reactive metals (may cause violent/explosive reaction), strong bases (may generate heat) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion decomp. prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from incompat. materials; avoid generating dust; limit quantities in storage Uses: Synthesis of esters for flavors; component of food-grade additives; defoamer, emulsifier, lubricant, foam stabilizer, glazing agent in foods; coatings on fresh citrus fruit Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.860, 173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3910; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for vaginals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Genzyme http://www.genzyme.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Imperial-OEL-Import http://www.imperialoel-import.de; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Reuter Chemische Apparatebau http://www.rca-separations.de; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com U.S. Synthetics; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; United Coconut Chem. http://www.cocochem.ph; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: NAA-142 Trade Names Containing: Emersol® 7036 Myristic acid, aluminum salt. See Aluminum myristate Myristic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium myristate Myristic acid isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl myristate Myristic acid, magnesium salt. See Magnesium myristate Myristic acid, palmitic acid, mixture, aluminum salt. See Aluminum myristates/palmitates Myristic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium myristate Myristic acid sodium salt. See Sodium myristate Myristica fragrans. See Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil; Mace (Myristica fragrans); Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil Myristica fragrans oil. See Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil; Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil Myristica fragrans oleoresin. See Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil; Oleoresin mace Myristic alcohol. See Myristyl alcohol Myristic aldehyde. See Myristaldehyde Myristica oil. See Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil Myristin. See Trimyristin Myristyl alcohol CAS 112-72-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-000-3 Synonyms: Myristic alcohol; 1-Tetradecanol; N-Tetradecanol-1; Tetradecyl alcohol; NTetradecyl alcohol 1612

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C14H30O Formula: CH3(CH2)12CH2OH Properties: Colorless to wh. waxy solid flakes, waxy odor; sol. in ether; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 214.38; dens. 0.8355 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 0.01 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. 38 C; b.p. 167 C; acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 1 max.; hyd. no. 250-267; flash pt. 285 F Toxicology: TDLo (skin, mouse, 24 wk intermittent) 12 g/kg; nontoxic; human skin irritant; mod. eye irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Oleaginous Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.864, 175.105, 175.300, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.1390, 177.2800, 178.3480, 178.3910; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/ M. Michel http://www.mmichel.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.upichem.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Myristyl alcohol mixed isomers CAS 27196-00-5; EINECS/ELINCS 248-318-0 Synonyms: Tetradecanol mixed isomers; Tetradecyl alcohol mixed isomers Classification: Fatty alcohols Empirical: C14H30O Properties: Wh., crystalline semisolid; m.w. 214.44 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 33 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 7130 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing., skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Food additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.864; Canada DSL Myristyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Myristalkonium chloride Myroxylon balsamum balsam. See Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) Myroxylon pereirae. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) oil Myroxylon pereirae balsam. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) Myroxylon pereirae oil. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) oil Myroxylon pereirae oleoresin. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) Myroxylon toluiferum. See Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) Myrrh absolute. See Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) extract Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) extract CAS 84929-26-0; 100084-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 284-510-0; 309-134-7 Synonyms: Commiphora myrrha; Commiphora myrrha extract; Commiphora myrrha gum extract; Myrrh absolute; Myrrh extract Definition: Extract of the gum-resin exudate of the myrrh, Commiphora myrrha, contg. gum polysaccharides (57-61%), myrrhin-resin (2540%), volatile oil (3-8%), and bitter principles Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.bio1613

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference botanica.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) oil CAS 8016-37-3 FEMA 2766 Synonyms: Commiphora myrrha; Commiphora myrrha oil; Myrrhe oil; Myrrh oil Definition: Volatile oil from steam distillation of myrrh gum, Commiphora myrrha Properties: Lt. brn. to grn. liq.; char. odor; sol. in fixed oils; sl. sol. in min. oil; insol. in glycerol, propylene glycol Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1650 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Myrrhe oil. See Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) oil Myrrh extract. See Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) extract Myrrh gum CAS 9000-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-543-6 FEMA 2765 Synonyms: Commiphora; Myrrh resinoid Definition: Commiphora spp. Properties: Dk. brn. semsolid to solid; warm woody, balsam spicey odor;insol. in water; flash pt (TCC) > 200 F Toxicology: Irritating to eyes and skin Precaution: Wear safety splash goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, and protective clothing; keep away from sources of ignition Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

containers, protected from heat and light and away from strong oxidizing and strong reducing agents Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Myrrh oil. See Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) oil Myrrh resinoid. See Myrrh gum Myrtenol CAS 515-00-4; EINECS/ELINCS 208-193-5 FEMA 3439 Synonyms: 6,6-Dimethyl bicyclo (3.1.1) hept-2ene-2-methanol; 2-Hydroxymethyl-6,6dimethyl bicyclo (3.1.1) hept-2; (1R)-(-)Myrtenol; (-)-Pin-2-ene-10-ol; 2- Pinen-10-ol Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; m.w. 152.24; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.954; b.p. 22122 C; flash pt. 193 F; ref. index 1.504 ± 0.02 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, puddings, dairy prods. Features: Cooling, minty, camphoreous, green with a medicinal nuance taste Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com (1R)-(-)-Myrtenol. See Myrtenol Myrtenyl acetate CAS 1079-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 214-088-5 FEMA 3765 Synonyms: Bicyclo (3.1.1.) hept-2-ene-2methanol, 6,6-dimethyl-, acetate (1S)-; (1S)6,6-Dimethylbicyclo [3.1.1] hept-2-ene-2methanol acetate; (1R)-6,6-Dimethylbicyclo [3.1.1] hept-2-ene-2-methyl acetate; (1S)(6,6-Dimethylbicyclo [3.1.1] hept-2-en-2-yl) methyl acetate; (+)-Myrtenyl acetate; 2Pinen-10-ol, acetate; 2-Pinen-10-yl acetate Empirical: C12H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; herbaceous refreshing sweet odor; m.w. 194.27; sp.gr. 0.991; b.p. 134-135 C (38 mm Hg); flash pt. 97.77 C; ref. index 1.472 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2600 mg/kg; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing 1614

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in candy, confectionery, chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com (+)-Myrtenyl acetate. See Myrtenyl acetate Myrtle extract. See Myrtle (Myrtus communis) extract Myrtle (Myrtus communis) extract CAS 84082-67-7; EINECS/ELINCS 282-012-8 Synonyms: Myrtle extract; Myrtus communis; Myrtus communis extract Definition: Extract of the myrtle, Myrtus communis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Myrtle (Myrtus communis) oil CAS 8008-46-6 Synonyms: Myrtle oil; Myrtus communis; Myrtus communis oil Classification: Aromatic compd. Definition: Oil derived from Myrtus communis Properties: Pale amber liq.; fresh fruity camphor floral herbal odor; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.87 1.00; vapor pressure 0.3 kPa; flash pt (CC) 3545 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3800 mg/kg; eye and skin irritant Precaution: Reactive with oxidizing agents; wear splash goggles, gloves, and lab coat HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Myrtus communis; Myrtus communis extract. See Myrtle (Myrtus communis) extract Myrtus communis oil. See Myrtle (Myrtus communis) oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nabam CAS 142-59-6 Synonyms: Disodium 1,2-ethanebis (carbamodithioate); Disodium ethylene bisdithiocarbamate; Disodium ethylene-1,2bisdithiocarbamate; DSE; 1,2Ethanediylbiscarbamodithioic acid disodium salt; Ethylenebis (dithiocarbamate) disodium salt; Ethylenebis (dithiocarbamic acid) disodium salt Classification: Organosulfur compd. Empirical: C4H6N2S4 • 2Na Formula: NaSSCNHCH2CH2NHCSSNa Properties: Colorless crystals; sol. in water; m.w. 256.34 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 395 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 500 mg/kg; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by IP route; skin irritant; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagen; TSCA listed Environmental: DOT regulated marine pollutant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O, NOx, SOx Uses: Antimicrobial in cane-sugar and beetsugar mills Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.320 (3 ppm max.), 176.180, 176.300; SARA reportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alco http://www.alcochemical.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/ NaCMC. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium NaDBS. See Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate NaDCC. See Sodium dichloroisocyanurate NaDOSS. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Nafka; Nafka crystal gum. See Natural rubber Naphtha CAS 8030-30-6; 68920-06-9; 977126-64-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-443-2 UN 1255 (DOT); UN 1256 (DOT); UN 1270 (DOT); UN 2553 (DOT) Synonyms: Benzin; Benzine; Coal tar naphtha; Coal tar naphtha distillate; Heavy naphtha; Hydrotreated naphtha; Naphtha coal tar; Naphtha, heavy; Naphtha, hydrotreated; Naphtha, petroleum; Naphtha, solvent; Petroleum benzin; Petroleum-derived naphtha; Petroleum distillates (naphtha); Petroleum ether; Petroleum naphtha; Petroleum oil; Petroleum spirit; VM&P 1615

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference naphtha Classification: Petroleum distillate; high benzene naphtha Definition: Refined, partly refined, or unrefined petrol. prods. produced by distillation of nat. gas; consists of predominantly C5-6 hydrocarbons Properties: Dark straw-colored to colorless liq.; sol. in benzene, toluene, xylene; dens. 0.8620.892; b.p. 149-216 C; flash pt. (CC) 107 F Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 300 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3 g/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 6 h) 1600 ppm; mildly toxic by inh.; human poison and systemic effects by IV route (dyspnea, respiratory effects); irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory tract; vapor inh. may cause nausea, dizziness, unconsciousness; experimental carcinogen; tumorigen; common air contaminant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. when exposed to heat or flame; dangerous fire risk; explosive limits in air 1-6%; sl. explosion hazard; can react with oxidizing materials; sl. explosion hazard NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep containers tightly closed Uses: Diluent in food colorants; solvent for protective coatings on foods, egg shells, fresh fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.210, 172.250, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Crowley Chem. http://www.crowleychemical.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/ See also VM&P naphtha Naphtha coal tar; Naphtha, heavy; Naphtha, hydrotreated. See Naphtha 2-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-[(4methyl-2-sulfophenyl) azo]-, calcium salt (1:1). See Litholrubine BK 1,4-Naphthalenedione, 2-methyl-3-(3,7,11,15tetramethyl-2-hexadecenyl)-. See Vitamin K1 1,7-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 4-acetamido-5hydroxy-6-((7-sulfo-4-((p-sulfophenyl) azo)-1naphthyl) azo)-, Na4 salt; 1,7Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 4-(acetylamino)5-hydroxy-6-[[7-sulfo-4-[(4-sulfophenyl) azo]1-naphthalenyl] azo]-, Na4 salt. See Brilliant black 1 1,3-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 7-hydroxy-8-[(4sulfo-1-naphthalenyl) azo]-, trisodium salt; 1,3-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 7-hydroxy-8((4-sulfo-1-naphthyl) azo)-, trisodium salt. See Acid red 18 Naphthalene, 2-ethoxy-. See β-Naphthyl ethyl ether Naphthalene, 2-isobutoxy-; Naphthalene 2-(2methylpropoxy)-. See β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether 2,7-Naphthalenenedisulfonic acid, 5(acetylamino)-4-hydroxy-3-(phenylazo)-, disodium salt. See Acid red 1 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 3-[(2,4-dimethyl-5sulfophenyl) azo]-4-hydroxy-, disodium salt. See Ponceau SX 2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-hydroxy-5-((6methoxy-4-sulfo-m-tolyl) azo)-, disodium salt. See FD&C Red No. 40 2-Naphthalenethiol CAS 91-60-1; EINECS/ELINCS 202-082-5 FEMA 3314 Synonyms: 2-Mercaptonaphthalene; βMercaptonaphthalene; Naphthalene-2-thiol; β-Naphthalenethiol; 2-Naphthalenthiol; 2Naphthyl mercaptan; β-Naphthyl mercaptan; 2-Naphthyl thiol; Thionaphthol; 2-Thionaphthol; Thio-β-naphthol; βThionaphthol Classification: Aromatic mercaptan Empirical: C10H8S Properties: Off-wh. cryst., powd., or lumps; disagreeable sulfurous mushroom odor; very sol. in ethanol, ether, petrol. ether; sparingly sol. in water; m.w. 160.24; m.p. 79-81 C; b.p. 1616

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 286 C; sl. volatile Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 385 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by ing. and IP routes; may cause GI tract irritation on ing.; dusts can probably irritate nose, throat, airways, and lungs; may cause headache, dizziness, coughing, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, severe lung damage; probable skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx, hydrogen sulfide Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, soups, cereals Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: CTC Orgs.; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Naphthalene-2-thiol; β-Naphthalenethiol; 2Naphthalenthiol. See 2-Naphthalenethiol 1-(2-Naphthalenyl) ethanone. See 2´Acetonaphthone Naphtha, light aliphatic CAS 64742-89-8; EINECS/ELINCS 265-192-2 Synonyms: Aliphatic petroleum distillate; Lactol spirits; Light aliphatic naphtha; Light aliphatic solvent naphtha (petroleum); Naphtha (petroleum), light aliphatic; Solvent naphtha (petroleum), light aliphatic Definition: Complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained from distillation of crude oil or nat. gasoline; consists of predominantly C5-10 sat. hydrocarbons Properties: B.p. 35-160 C Uses: Solvent in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Trade Names: Shellsol® W HT Naphtha, petroleum. See VM&P naphtha; Naphtha Naphtha (petroleum), light aliphatic. See Naphtha, light aliphatic Naphtha, solvent. See Stoddard solvent; Naphtha Naphtha, VM&P. See VM&P naphtha 2-Naphthol ethyl ether; β-Naphthol ethyl ether. See β-Naphthyl ethyl ether β-Naphthol isobutyl ether. See β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether Naphthol red; Naphthylamine red. See Amaranth β-Naphthyl ethyl ether CAS 93-18-5; EINECS/ELINCS 202-226-7 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 2768 Synonyms: Bromelia; 2-Ethoxynaphthalene; βEthoxynaphthalene; Ethyl-β-naphtholate; Ethyl-2-naphthyl ether; Ethyl β-naphthyl ether; Naphthalene, 2-ethoxy-; 2-Naphthol ethyl ether; β-Naphthol ethyl ether; Nerolin; Nerolin bromelia; Neroline; Nerolin new; New nerolin Empirical: C12H12O Properties: Wh. cryst.; sweet naphtha orange blossom grape odor; sol. in oxygenated and hydrocarbon solvs., alcohol, chloroform, ether, carbon disulfide, toluene, petrol. ether; insol. in water; m.w. 172.23; dens. 1.06 kg/l (20 C); m.p. 37-38 C; b.p. 282 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3110 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 100 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 100 mg/kg; poison by IP and IV routes; mod. toxic by ing.; irritating to skin; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 24 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Features: Gooseberry, date, plum, cranberry, strawberry fragrance Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown Capital http://www.crown-capital.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether CAS 2173-57-1; EINECS/ELINCS 218-529-2 FEMA 3719 Synonyms: Ether, isobutyl (2-naphthyl)-; 2Isobutoxynaphthalene; Isobutyl 2-naphthyl ether; Isobutyl β-naphthyl ether; 21617

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methylpropyl-2-naphthyl ether; Naphthalene, 2-isobutoxy-; Naphthalene 2(2-methylpropoxy)-; β-Naphthol isobutyl ether; Nerolin fragarol Empirical: C14H16O Properties: Wh. cryst.; orange blossom odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 200.28; m.p. 33 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5930 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; may cause coma, GI changes; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Interchim http://www.interchim.com 2-Naphthyl mercaptan; β-Naphthyl mercaptan. See 2-Naphthalenethiol 2-Naphthyl methyl ketone; β-Naphthyl methyl ketone. See 2´-Acetonaphthone 2-Naphthyl thiol. See 2-Naphthalenethiol Narcissin. See p-Tolyl phenylacetate Naringinase. See Hesperidinase Natacyn. See Natamycin Natamycin CAS 7681-93-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-683-5 INS235; E235 Synonyms: Natacyn; Pimaricin; Tennecetin Classification: Polyene macrolide Definition: Antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces chattanoogensis Empirical: C33H47NO13 Properties: Crystals; pract. insol. in higher alcohols, ether, esters, aromatic, aliphatic, or chlorinated hydrocarbons, ketones, oils; m.w. 665.75; dec. 280-300 C; sensitive to light Toxicology: LD50 (oral, male rat) 2.73 g/kg, (IP< rat) 85 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 190 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 36 mg/kg; poison by IV, intramuscular, subcut., IP routes; mod. toxic by ing. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Preservative for foods; fungicide, mold inhibitor for cheese and wine use Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.155 (limitation 200-300 ppm applied to cut cheese) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Natamax® G; Natamax® Gel; Natamax® SF; Natamax® Salt Trade Names Containing: Delvocid®; Delvocid® Dip; Delvocid® XT; Delvocid® XT2; Natamax® Premi®Coat; Premi®Nat Native calcium sulfate. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Natron. See Sodium carbonate Natural brown 10. See Caramel Natural calcium carbonate. See Calcium carbonate Natural gas CAS 8006-14-2; 68410-63-9 UN 1071 Synonyms: Raw gas; Residue gas Classification: Aliphatic hydrocarbon Definition: Naturally occurring product contg. primarily methane gas with other fossil fuels such as ethane, propane, butane, and pentane Properties: Colorless gas; odorless in nat. state or before odorant is added; mild to rotten egg odor if hydrogen sulfide is present; negligible sol. in water; sp.gr. 0.56 (21.1 C); liq. dens. 26.5 lb/ft3 (@ b.p.); gas dens. 0.0416 lb/ft3 (@ 700 F, 1 atm); f.p. -182.5 C; b.p. -161 C; flash pt. (CC) -180 C; autoignition temp. 580 C Toxicology: May be harmful; may cause eye irritation, pain, blurred vision, redness, tearing; may cause sl. skin irritation; toxic by inh.; inh. may cause nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite, dizziness, disorientation, headache, excitation, rapid respiration, drowsiness, labored breathing, anesthesia, other CNS effects; hydrogen sulfide may cause lung paralysis; simple asphyxiant (displaces oxygen); extreme overexposure may cause rapid unconsciousness, respiratory arrest; target organs: nerve, blood, lung; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. gas; LEL 5 vol.% in air; UEL 15.8 vol.% in air; very dangerous exposed to heat or flame; readily forms explosive mixts. with air or oxygen; containers may explode violently in heat of fire; vapors may flash back; burns/explodes in presence of Cl, Br, pentafluoride, oxygen 1618

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference difluoride, nitrogen trifluoride; ignites in presence of chlorine dioxide; incompat. with oxygen, strong oxidizing materials; sensitive to static discharge; bond/ground during transfer Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, NOx, SO2, aldehydes; various hydrocarbons when burned; SOx may be formed if hydrogen sulfide is present NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 4, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container in wellventilated area away from heat, sparks, flame Uses: Removal/displacement of oxygen in processing, storage, and pkg. of foods and beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.350; OSHA hazard (compressed gas, flamm. gas, health hazard); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Praxair http://www.praxair.com Natural iron oxides. See Ferric oxide Natural musk ambrette. See Ambrettolide Natural orange 4. See Annatto (Bixa orellana); Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract Natural red oxide. See Ferric oxide Natural rubber CAS 9006-04-6 Synonyms: Caoutchouc; India rubber; Nafka; Nafka crystal gum; NR; Rubber; Rubber dust; Rubber, natural Definition: Coagulated and dried exudate of the rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis; natural rubber contains 89-92% elastomeric hydrocarbon (cis1,4-polyisoprene) Properties: Pale yel. to dk. brn. elastomeric solid; m.w. 200,000-400,000 Toxicology: Mutagen Precaution: Fire hazard exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.125, 175.300, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.2600; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A. Schulman http://www.aschulman.com; Elementis Spec. http://www.elementisspecialties.com; Firestone Polymers http://www.firesyn.com Natural smithsonite. See Zinc carbonate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Natural trehalose. See Trehalose Natural yellow 3. See Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Natural yellow 26. See Carotene NBR. See Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer NDGA. See Nordihydroguaiaretic acid NDNC. See Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone Neat oil of sweet orange. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil Nefolia. See Butyl salicylate Neofolione. See Methyl 2-nonenoate Neohesperidin DC; Neohesperidin DHC. See Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone CAS 20702-77-6; EINECS/ELINCS 243-978-6 FEMA 3811; INS959 Synonyms: β-D-2-o-(6-Deoxy-α-Lmannopyranosyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-(3hydroxy-4-methoxyhydrocinnamoyl) phenyl glucopyranoside; 1-[4-[[2-o-(6-Deoxy-α-Lmannopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] oxy]-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4methoxyphenyl)-1-propanone; 3,5Dihydroxy-4-(3-hydroxy-4methoxyhydrocinnamoyl) phenyl-2-o-(6deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl)-β-Dglucopyranoside; NDNC; Neohesperidin DC; Neohesperidin DHC; β-Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone; NHDC Definition: Derived from naturally occurring compd., naringin, found in oranges Empirical: C28H36O15 Properties: Off-wh. cryst.; sol. ≥ 10 mg/ml in DMSO; insol. in water (< 0.1 g/100 ml), 95% ethanol; m.w. 612.59; dens. 1.61 ± 0.1 g/cc; m.p. 156-158 C; 1000-1500 times sweeter than sugar; 20 times sweeter than saccharin Precaution: Probably combustible HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store refrigerated Uses: Sweetener for chewing gum Features: Licorice-like taste Manuf./Distrib.: AccuStandard http://www.accustandard.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 1619

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference β-Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone. See Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (+)-Neomenthol; (1S,2S5R)-(+)-Neomenthol. See d-Neomenthol d-Neomenthol CAS 2216-52-6; EINECS/ELINCS 218-691-4 FEMA 2666 Synonyms: Cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1methylethyl)-, [1S-(α,2α,5β)]-; 2-Isopropyl-5methylcyclohexanol; [1S-(1α,2α,5β-5Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-cyclohexanol; (+)Neomenthol; (1S,2S5R)-(+)-Neomenthol; dβ-Pulegomenthol Empirical: C10H20O Properties: Liq., menthol-like odor; sol. in alcohol, acetone; insol. in water; m.w. 156.27; dens. 0.899 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 0.8 mm Hg; m.p. -22 C; b.p. 209-210 C; flash pt. 83 C; ref. index 1.461 (20 C) Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorption; may cause irritation, respiratory depression, impaired liver function; tumorigenic; target organs: lungs, thorax, respiratory system, liver, kidney; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Keep container closed; keep away from heat and open flame; refrigerate; light sensitive; may discolor on exposure to light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Trade Names Containing: Peppermint Oil 540 Neotame CAS 165450-17-9 Synonyms: N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-αaspartyl]-L-phenalanine 1-methyl ester Definition: Derivative of the dipeptide composed of the amino acids, aspartic acid and phenylalanine Empirical: C20H30N2O5 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd.; sweet taste; m.w. 378-47; pH 5.0-7.0 (0.5% sol'n.) Storage: 5 yrs. when stored at ambient conditions; avoid high heat, humidity Uses: Flavor enhancer, sweetener, and masking agent in beverages, tabletop sweeteners, chewing gum, confectionery, baked goods, frozen desserts, ice cream, yogurt, cereal Features: 8000 times sweeter than sugar on a wt. basis Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §172.829; approved in USA, Australia, New Zealand; kosher; pareve Manuf./Distrib.: NutraSweet http://www.nutrasweet.com Neral. See Citral Nerol CAS 106-25-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-378-7 FEMA 2770 Synonyms: 2,6-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-8-ol; 2cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol; 3,7Dimethyl-octa-2,6-dien-1-ol; 3,7-Dimethylcis-2,6-octadien-1-ol; 3,7-Dimethyl-(Z)-2,6octadien-1-ol; cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadien-1-ol Classification: Nonaromatic alcohol, unsat. Definition: The cis-isomer of geraniol; found in many essential oils Empirical: C10H18O Formula: (CH3)2C:CHCH2CH2C(CH3):CHCH2OH Properties: Colorless liq., sweet rose odor, bitter flavor; sol. in abs. alcohol, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 154.25; dens. 0.8813 (15 C); b.p. 224-225 (745 mm), 125 C (25 mm); flash pt. (OC) 130 C; ref. index 1.4730-1.4780 (20 C); tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4500 mg/kg, (intramuscular, mouse) 3000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by intramuscular route; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes, CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (2-258); Philippines PICCS 1620

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Trade Names: Nerolex™ FCC Trade Names Containing: Geraniol BJ FCC; Geraniol Fine FCC Nerol acetate. See Neryl acetate Neroli bigarade oil; Neroli bigarade oil, Tunisian. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower oil Neroli bigarde oil. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) oil Nerolidol. See Trimethyldodecatrieneol Nerolin; Nerolin bromelia; Neroline. See βNaphthyl ethyl ether Nerolin fragarol. See β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether Nerolin new. See β-Naphthyl ethyl ether Neroli oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower water; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower oil Neroli oil, artificial. See Methyl anthranilate Neroli oil, Tunisian. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower oil Neryl acetate CAS 141-12-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-459-2 FEMA 2773 Synonyms: Acetic acid 3,7-dimethyl-octa-2,6dienyl ester; cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien1-ol acetate; cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien1-yl-acetate; Nerol acetate; 2,6-Octadien-1Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate, (Z)Classification: Floral ester; acylic terpene ester Definition: Ester of nerol and acetic acid Empirical: C12H20O2 Formula: (CH3)2C:CHCH2CH2C(CH3):CHCH2OCOCH3 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. oily liq., sweet floral orange-blossom and rose-like odor, honey-like flavor; m.w. 196.29; dens. 0.912 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 0.1 mm Hg; vapor dens. ≈ 6.8; b.p. 234-236 C; flash pt. (CC) 100 C; ref. index 1.460 (20 C); tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, iron, iron salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Refrigerate; store in dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet apple-like flavor Use Level: < 25% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Trade Names Containing: Geranyl Acetate 60 FCC cis-Neryl butanoate. See Neryl butyrate 1621

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Neryl butyrate CAS 999-40-6; EINECS/ELINCS 213-660-1 FEMA 2774 Synonyms: Butanoic acid (2Z)-3,7-dimethyl2,6-octadienyl ester; cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadienyl butanoate; cis-Neryl butanoate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C12H20O2 Properties: Colorless. cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol and dipropylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 224.35; sp. gr. 0.898; b.p. 240 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.45900 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet orange-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Neryl formate CAS 2142-94-1; EINECS/ELINCS 218-401-6 FEMA 2776 Synonyms: cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol formate; cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl methanoate; Formic acid, neryl ester; Neryl methanoate; 2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7dimethyl-, formate (Z)Classification: floral ester Empirical: C11H18O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 182.29; sp. gr. 0.91300.9200; b.p. 224-225 C; ref. index 1.44701.4570 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity, green, citrus, tropical with a floral nuance flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Neryl isobutyrate CAS 2345-24-6; EINECS/ELINCS 219-061-1 FEMA 2775 Synonyms: cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

isobutyrate; Isobutyric acid, 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl ester; Isobutyric acid, 3,7dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl ester, (Z)-; (Z)-2Methylpropanoic acid 3,7-dimethyl-2,6octadienyl ester; Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl ester, (Z)Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C14H24O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sweet, rose odor; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 224.35; sp. gr. 0.895; b.p. 229 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4570 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet orange-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Neryl isovalerate CAS 3915-83-1; EINECS/ELINCS 223-478-4 FEMA 2778 Synonyms: (Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl ester isovaleric acid; 3,7-Dimethyl-2-cis-6octadien-1-yl isovalerate; cis-3,7-Dimethyl2,6-octadienyl 3-methylbutanoate; 3Methylbutyric acid, 3,7-dimethyl-octa-2,6dienyl ester; Neryl isovalerianate; Neryl-βmethyl butyrate Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C15H26O2 Properties: M.w. 238.37; dens. 0.890; b.p. 252 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4580 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 1622

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Neryl isovalerianate. See Neryl isovalerate Neryl methanoate. See Neryl formate Neryl-β-methyl butyrate. See Neryl isovalerate Neryl propionate CAS 105-91-9; 27751-90-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-345-7 FEMA 2777 Synonyms: cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol propionate; (Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1ol propionate; cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6octadienyl propanoate; Propionic acid-3,7dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl ester; Propionic acid, neryl ester Definition: Ester of nerol and propionic acid Empirical: C13H22O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., ether-like sweet intense fruity odor, plum-like taste; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 210.31; b.p. 233 C; flash pt. 120 C; ref. index 1.4550 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; vapor or mist is irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ New coccine. See Acid red 18 New nerolin. See β-Naphthyl ethyl ether NHDC. See Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone Niacin (INCI). See Nicotinic acid Niacinamide CAS 98-92-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-713-4 Synonyms: Nicotinamide; Nicotine acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

amide; Nicotinic acid amide; Nicotinic amide; Nicotylamidel; Niocinamide; NSA; 3Pyridinecarboxamide; Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid amide; 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid amide; Vitamin B3; Vitamin PP Classification: Heterocyclic aromatic amide Empirical: C6H6N2O Formula: C5H4NCONH2 Properties: Colorless needles or wh. cryst. powd., odorless, bitter taste; sol. in water, ethanol, ether, glycerin, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 122.14; dens. 1.40; m.p. 129 C; b.p. 150160 C (0.0005 mm) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3500 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 2050 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 1680 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IV, IP, and subcut. routes; no known skin toxicity; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement to prevent pellagra in foods, infant formulas; animal feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.260, 137.305, 137.350, 139.115, 139.117, 139.122, 139.155, 184.1535, GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aarti Ind. Ltd http://www.aartigroup.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; CoKEM Assoc.; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com Daiichi Fine Chems. https://www.daiichifcj.co.jp/eng/; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/ 1623

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/ Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Vertellus Specialties http://www.vertellus.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com Western Drugs http://www.westerndrugs.com Trade Names: Niacinamide USP, FCC Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SK Fortified; Bioblend # 7; Creta Plus; Descote® Niacinamide 331/3%; Rocoat® Niacinamide 331/3% Niacinamide ascorbate CAS 1987-71-9 Synonyms: Nicotinamide-ascorbic acid complex Definition: Complex of ascorbic acid and niacinamide Empirical: C12H14N2O7 Properties: Lemon-yel. powd., odorless; may darken on exposure to air; sol. in water, alcohol; sl. sol. in glycerol; pract. insol. in benzene; m.w. 298.25; m.p. 141-145 C HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, ascorbic acid source, nicotinamide source in multivitamin preps. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.315 Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Nickel CAS 7440-02-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-111-4 Synonyms: CI 77775; Nickel catalysts; Nickel dust; Nickel particles; Nickel sponge; Raney alloy; Raney nickel Classification: Metallic element Empirical: Ni Properties: Silvery malleable metal; high ductility; insol. in water; at.wt. 58.69; dens. 8.9; m.p. 1452 C; b.p. 2900 C; corrosion resist.; resist. to strong alkalis Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA) 1 mg(Ni)/m3; LDLo (oral, rat) 5 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 50 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 12,500 µg/kg, (IP, rabbit) 7 mg/kg; poison by ing., IV, IP, subcut. routes; hypersensitivity can cause dermatitis, pulmonary asthma, conjunctivitis; experimental carcinogen, neoplastigen, tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. as dust or fume; powders can ignite spontaneously in air; incompat. with oxidants; attacked sl. by hydrochloric and sulfuric acids, somewhat more by nitric acid; violent reactions possible Uses: Direct food additive; catalyst for hydrogenation of fats and oils; processing aid in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.864, 176.180, 184.1537, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318 (must be eliminated during processing); Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigma1624

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; All Chemie Ltd http://www.allchemie.com/; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Carbochem http://www.carbochem.com; Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Noah http://www.noahtech.com; OM Group http://www.omgi.com; Powmet; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Nickel catalysts; Nickel dust; Nickel particles; Nickel sponge. See Nickel Nicometh. See Methyl nicotinate Nicotinamide. See Niacinamide Nicotinamide-ascorbic acid complex. See Niacinamide ascorbate Nicotine acid. See Nicotinic acid Nicotine acid amide. See Niacinamide Nicotinic acid CAS 59-67-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-441-0 INS375 Synonyms: Anti-pellagra vitamin; 3Carboxypyridine; Niacin (INCI); Nicotine acid; 3-Picolinic acid; Pyridine-3-carbonic acid; Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid; 3Pyridinecarboxylic acid; Pyridine-βcarboxylic acid Classification: Heterocyclic aromatic compd. Empirical: C6H5NO2 Properties: Colorless needles or wh. cryst. powd., odorless to sl. odor, sour taste; nonhygroscopic; sol. in alcohol, hot water, aq. alkali; insol. in most lipid solvs., ether; m.w. 123.12; dens. 1.473; m.p. 236 C; sublimes above m.p.; stable in air Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7000 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 730 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 5000 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rat) 3500 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing., IV, and subcut. routes; human systemic effects; megadoses may cause itching, nausea, headaches; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

experimental carcinogen; target organ: blood; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement, anti-pellagra vitamin, color protectant in foods, infant formulas, feeds, enriched flours; cereal/animal feed additive; color retention agent, dietary supplement in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 107.100, 135.115, 136.115, 137.165, 137.180, 137.260, 137.305, 137.350, 139.115, 139.117, 139.122, 139.155, 184.1530, GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan restricted; Europe listed; UK approved; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns. Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. BASF http://www.basf.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; CoKEM Assoc.; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com Daiichi Fine Chems. https://www.daiichifcj.co.jp/eng/; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Interchem http://www.interchem.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; 1625

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Vertellus Specialties http://www.vertellus.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com Western Drugs http://www.westerndrugs.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names: Lutavit® Niacin Feed Grade; Niacin USP, FCC Trade Names Containing: Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid; Bonus Blend; Domestic CM Enrichment with Folic Acid; Enrichment Tablet with Folic Acid Export Masa Enrichment; F E Blend K with Folic Acid; Macaroni Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Pro-Fam® 976; Rich-Pak® Nicotinic acid aluminum salt. See Aluminum nicotinate Nicotinic acid amide. See Niacinamide Nicotinic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl nicotinate Nicotinic amide; Nicotylamidel. See Niacinamide Nigella sativa. See Black caraway (Nigella sativa) Niobe oil. See Methyl benzoate Niocinamide. See Niacinamide Nionate. See Ferrous gluconate Nisin CAS 1414-45-5; EINECS/ELINCS 215-807-5 INS234 Classification: Natural bacteriocin Definition: Derived from pure culture fermentation of Streptococcus lactis (Lactococcus lactis) Empirical: C143H230N42O37S7 Properties: Cryst.; sol. in dil. acids; m.w. 3354.25 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mice) 6950 mg/kg; nontoxic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Preservative, antimicrobial in foods, pasteurized cheese spreads, canned fruits and vegetables Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Inhibits Clostridium botulinum spores and toxin formation Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1538, GRAS; limitation 250 ppm nisin in finished prod.; Europe listed; UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Nisaplin®; Nisaplin® BS; Nisaplin® ND; Novasin Trade Names Containing: Guardian™ NR 100; Guardian™ NR 250 Niter. See Potassium nitrate Nitration benzene. See Benzene Nitre. See Potassium nitrate Nitre cake. See Sodium bisulfate Nitric acid, potassium salt. See Potassium nitrate Nitric acid, sodium salt. See Sodium nitrate Nitrile/butadiene rubber; Nitrile elastomer; Nitrile rubber. See Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer 2,2´,2´´-Nitrilotriethanol; 2,2´,2´´-Nitrilotris (ethanol). See Triethanolamine Nitrites Definition: Salts of nitrous acid Properties: Wh. to pale yel. cryst.; sol. in water, liq. ammonia Toxicology: Ing. of large amts. can cause nausea, vomiting, cyanosis, collapse, coma; small doses can cause blood pressure decrease, rapid pulse, headache; may form carcinogenic nitrosamines in the body Precaution: Generally powerful oxidizers; fire/explosion hazards variable; violent reaction may occur on contact with readily oxidized materials; organic nitrites can dec. violently; may explode by shocking; vigorous reactions with reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Curing agent for meat, bacon, poultry prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §170.60, 172.170, 172.175; USDA 9CFR §318.7 Nitrogen CAS 7727-37-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-783-9 UN 1066 (compressed); UN 1977 (refrig. liq.); INS941; E941 Synonyms: Nitrogen, compressed; Nitrogen gas; Nitrogen, refrigerated liquid 1626

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: Gaseous element Definition: Gas that is 78% of the atmosphere by volume and essential to all living things Empirical: N2 Properties: Colorless gas, odorless, tasteless; sol. in liq. ammonia, alcohol; sl. sol. in water; at. wt. 14.0067; m.w. 28.01; dens. 1.2506 g/l (0 C), 0.808 g/cm2 (liq., -195.8 C); m.p. -210 C; b.p. -195.79 C; chemically nonreactive; noncombustible Toxicology: Low toxicity; simple asphyxiant in high concs.; toxic conc. 90 ppm in humans, 250 ppm in mice; narcotic at high conc. and pressure; narcotic effects and the bends are hazards of compressed air atmospheres such as found in underwater diving; TSCA listed Precaution: Combines with oxygen and hydrogen on sparking forming nitric oxide and ammonia resp. Uses: Direct food additive; propellant, aerating agent, antioxidant, processing aid, and packing gas in foods; liq. nitrogen in food refrigeration and freeze drying Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.115, 169.140, 169.150, 177.1615, 184.1540, GRAS; Japan approved; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Liquide Am. http://www.us.airliquide.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BOC Gases http://www.boc.com; Messer http://www.messergroup.com Praxair http://www.praxair.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Voltaix http://www.voltaix.com Nitrogen chloride oxide. See Nitrosyl chloride Nitrogen, compressed; Nitrogen gas. See Nitrogen Nitrogen monoxide; Nitrogen oxide. See Nitrous oxide Nitrogen oxide chloride; Nitrogen oxychloride. See Nitrosyl chloride Nitrogen, refrigerated liquid. See Nitrogen Nitroisopropane; Nitropropane. See 2Nitropropane 2-Nitropropane CAS 79-46-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-209-1 UN 2608 (DOT) Synonyms: Dimethylnitromethane; Isonitropropane; Nitroisopropane; Nitropropane; β-Nitropropane; sHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nitropropane; 2-NP; Propane, 2-nitroClassification: Aliphatic nitro compd.; nitroparaffin Empirical: C3H7NO2 Formula: CH3CH(NO2)CH3 Properties: Colorless to very lt. yel. clear oily liq.; mild fruity odor; sol. in most aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, ketones, chloroform, ethers, lower carboxylic acids; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 89.09; sp.gr. 0.992 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 12.9 mm Hg (20 C); m.p. 93 C; b.p. 119-122 C; flash pt. (TOC) 24 C; ref. index 1.394 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 725 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 75 mg/kg; very toxic; poison by ing., inh., and IP routes (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, severe headaches, cyanosis); eye/skin/mucous membrane/upper respiratory tract irritant; lg. doses may cause respiratory tract/liver damage and CNS effects; acute inh. may cause GI bleeding; may cause methemoglobinemia, depressed appetite, pulmonary edema, etc.; suspected carcinogen; mutagenic; reproductive effects Precaution: Flamm. when exposed to heat, open flame, oxidizers; LEL 1.6%; UEL 11%; may explode on heating; incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids, amines, strong bases, activated carbon, hydrocarbons, chlorosulfonic acid, lead/copper/alloys Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of CO, CO2, NOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 1 Storage: Heat-sensitive; store in cool, dry, wellventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from heat/ignition sources, corrosives, incompat. materials Uses: Solvent for fractionating edible fats and oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; SARA §313 reportable; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ANGUS http://www.dow.com/angus/; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com β-Nitropropane; s-Nitropropane. See 21627

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Nitropropane Nitrosyl chloride CAS 2696-92-6; EINECS/ELINCS 220-273-1 UN 1069; INS919 Synonyms: Nitrogen chloride oxide; Nitrogen oxide chloride; Nitrogen oxychloride Empirical: ClNO Properties: Yel. to reddish-brn. gas; becomes a liq. @ 24 F; irritating choking odor; sol. in fuming sulfuric acid; dec. in water; m.w. 65.46; dens. 1420 kg/m3 (-12 C); vapor pressure 76 mm Hg (50 C); f.p. -59.7 C; b.p. -5.5 C; pH acidic Toxicology: Poison gas; corrosive; toxic, possibly fatal by inh.; skin and eye contact causes severe burns and blindness; may interfere with body's ability to use oxygen; may cause respiratory tract burns, mucous membrane burns, difficulty breathing, nausea, headache, dizziness, bluish skin color, lung congestion; may cause tooth decay, digestive disorders on long term exposure Precaution: Strong oxidizer; nonflamm., but will increase the intensity of a fire and may cause fire in contact with combustibles; container may explode when exposed to fire or heat; reacts with water to form toxic HCl; incompat. with metals Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic hydrogen chloride, NOx, halogenated compds. NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Uses: Flour treatment agent, bleaching agent for flour, whole wheat flour Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§137.105, 137.200; SARA §302/304/313 nonregulated, §311/312 acute, reactive, and sudden release hazard Manuf./Distrib.: Air Liquide Am. http://www.us.airliquide.com Nitrosyl ethoxide; Nitrous acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl nitrite Nitrous acid potassium salt. See Potassium nitrite Nitrous acid sodium salt. See Sodium nitrite Nitrous ether; Nitrous ethyl ether. See Ethyl nitrite Nitrous oxide CAS 10024-97-2; EINECS/ELINCS 233-032-0 UN 1015; 1070 (compressed); UN 2201 (refrig. liq.); FEMA 2779; INS942; E942 Synonyms: Dinitrogen monoxide; Dinitrogen oxide; Factitious air; Hyponitrous acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

anhydride; Laughing gas; Nitrogen monoxide; Nitrogen oxide; Nitrous oxide, compressed; Nitrous oxide, refrigerated liquid Classification: Inorganic gas Empirical: N2O Properties: Colorless gas, sl. sweet odor, pract. tasteless; freely sol. in alcohol; sol. in ether, oils, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 44.01; dens. 1.53 (20 C); m.p. -91 C; b.p. -88 C; noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV 50 ppm; LC50 (inh., rat, 6 h) 160 mg/m3; mod. toxic by inh.; asphyxiant at high concs.; narcotic in high concs.; human systemic effects by inh. (anesthetic, decreased pulse rate); mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Does not burn but is flamm. by chem. reaction and will support combustion; oxidizer; can form explosive mixt. with air; self-explodes at high temps.; violent reactions with Al, B, hydrazine, LiH, Na, tungsten carbide Uses: Direct food additive; propellant, aerating agent, gas in foods, dairy prods., whipped cream; flour treatment agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1545, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Liquide Hellas SA http://www.airliquide.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BOC Gases http://www.boc.com; Messer http://www.messergroup.com Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp Nitrous oxide, compressed; Nitrous oxide, refrigerated liquid. See Nitrous oxide Nona-2,4-dienal CAS 6750-03-4; EINECS/ELINCS 229-810-4 FEMA 3212 Synonyms: 2,4 Nonadienal; (E,E)-2,4Nonadien-1-al; trans,trans-2,4-Nonadienal Empirical: C9H14O Properties: Sl. yel. liq; strong, fatty, floral odor; sol. in fixed oils and ethanol; insol. in water; m.w. 138.21; sp. gr. 0.850-0.870; b.p. 97 C (10 mm Hg); acid no. 2 max.; ref. index 1.5221.525 1628

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ 2,4-Nonadienal. See trans,trans-2,4-Nonadienal 2,4 Nonadienal. See Nona-2,4-dienal (E,E)-2,4-Nonadien-1-al. See trans,trans-2,4Nonadienal; Nona-2,4-dienal trans-2,trans-4-Nonadienal. See trans,trans-2,4Nonadienal trans,trans-2,4-Nonadienal CAS 5910-87-2; EINECS/ELINCS 227-629-5 FEMA 3212 Synonyms: 2,4-Nonadienal; (2E,4E)-Nona-2,4dienal; (E,E)-2,4-Nonadien-1-al; trans2,trans-4-Nonadienal Empirical: C9H14O Formula: CH3-[CH2]3-CH=CH-CH=CH-CHO Properties: Pale yel. to cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol and fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 138.21; sp. gr. 0.850-0.870; b.p. 97-98 C @ 10.00 mm; flash pt. (TCC) 186 F; ref. index 1.522-1.525 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com trans,trans-2,4-Nonadienal. See Nona-2,4-dienal Nonadienol; Nona-2,6-dienol. See 2,6-Nonadien1-ol 2,6-Nonadien-1-ol CAS 7786-44-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-097-2 FEMA 2780 Synonyms: Nonadienol; Nona-2,6-dienol; Violet leaf alcohol Empirical: C9H16O Properties: Colorless oily liq.; strong violet odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 140.23; dens. 0.87; b.p. 196 C; ref. index 1.4640 Storage: Refrigerate; store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com

Nonadienol 2-trans,6-cis-Nonadienol CAS 28069-72-9; EINECS/ELINCS 248-816-8 FEMA 2780 Synonyms: Cucumber alcohol; (2E,6Z)-Nona2,6-dien-1-ol; (E,Z)-2,6-Nonadien-1-ol; trans2,cis-6-Nonadien-1-ol; Violet leaf alcohol Classification: Aliphatic alcohol Definition: One of the principal components of violet Empirical: C9H16O Formula: CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH2CH=CHCH2OH Properties: Colorless liq.; cucumber, melon or fresh leafy odor, strong violet odor on dil.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 140.23; sp.gr. 0.863-0.867; b.p. 93-100 C; flash pt. (CC) 93 C; ref. index 1.4664-1.469 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 5 g/kg, (skin, guinea pig) > 5 g/kg; skin irritant; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Incompat. with strong acids, bases, strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from ignition sources, naked flame; keep tightly closed; refrigerate; store under nitrogen Uses: Flavoring agent in foods (watermelon, cucumber, mushroom flavors) Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, AICS, China, DSL, ECL, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fontarome http://www.fontaromechemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com (E,Z)-2,6-Nonadien-1-ol; trans-2,cis-6-Nonadien1-ol. See 2-trans,6-cis-Nonadienol

(2E,6Z)-Nona-2,6-dien-1-ol. See 2-trans,6-cisHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1629

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference γ-Nonalactone CAS 104-61-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-219-1 FEMA 2781 Synonyms: Aldehyde C18; γ-NAmylbutyrolactone; Coconut aldehyde; 4Hydroxynonanoic acid lactone; 4Hydroxynonanoic acid, γ-lactone; 1,4Nonalolide; Nonan-4-olide; Prunolide Classification: Heterocyclic compd.; lactone Empirical: C9H16O2 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., coconut odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 156.25; dens. 0.958-0.966; b.p. 243 C; flash pt. > 212 F; ref. index 1.446-1.450 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, candy, gelatin, ice cream, puddings Features: Coconut-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Aromor Flavors & Fragrances http://www.aromor.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1-Nonaldehyde. See Nonanal Nonalol. See Nonyl alcohol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1,4-Nonalolide. See γ-Nonalactone Nonanal CAS 124-19-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-688-5 FEMA 2782 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-9; C-9 aldehyde; 1Nonaldehyde; 1-Nonanal; n-Nonanal; Nonanoic aldehyde; 1-Nonyl aldehyde; nNonyl aldehyde; Pelargonaldehyde; Pelargonic aldehyde Empirical: C9H18O Formula: CH3(CH2)7CHO Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq., strong fatty odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 142.24; dens. 0.823 (20/4 C); b.p. 190-192 C; flash pt. 63 C; ref. index 1.425 (20 C) Toxicology: Eye and severe skin irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store under nitrogen; 6 mos. when stored at 40 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com 1-Nonanal; n-Nonanal. See Nonanal 1630

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1-Nonanecarboxylic acid. See Capric acid Nonanediol-1,3-acetate. See 1,3-Nonanediol acetate, mixed esters 1,3-Nonanediol acetate, mixed esters CAS 1322-17-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-332-3 FEMA 2783 Synonyms: Diasmol; Hexylene glycol diacetate; Jasmin acetate; Jasmonyl; Nonanediol-1,3-acetate; Nonane-1,3-diol monoacetate; Nonane-1,3-diol monoacetate mixed esters; Octyl crotonyl acetate Empirical: C13H24O4 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., floral odor; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 244.34; b.p. 265 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.44101.4450 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may cause irritation to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Nonane-1,3-diol monoacetate; Nonane-1,3-diol monoacetate mixed esters. See 1,3Nonanediol acetate, mixed esters Nonanoic acid CAS 112-05-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-931-2 FEMA 2784 Synonyms: Carboxylic acid C9; Hexacid C9; nNonanoic acid; Nonoic acid; n-Nonoic acid; Nonylic acid; n-Nonylic acid; 1Octanecarboxylic acid; Pelargic acid; Pelargonic acid (INCI) Classification: Aliphatic carboxylic acid Empirical: C9H18O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)7COOH Properties: Colorless oily liq., char. fatty odor; cryst. when cooled; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, acetone, benzene, cyclohexane, nhexane, oxygenated solvs.; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.907 (20/4 C); m.p. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

10-12 C; b.p. 252-253 C (756 mm); acid no. 351; flash pt. 129 C; ref. index 1.433 (20 C); weakly acidic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 15 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 224 ± 4.6 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; strong irritant to skin and eyes; inh. of mists may cause mild to mod. irritation to nose/throat; ing. of lg. doses may cause mild irritation, sore throat, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; corrosive Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; washing/lye peeling of fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 173.315, 178.1010; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com n-Nonanoic acid. See Nonanoic acid Nonanoic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl pelargonate Nonanoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl pelargonate Nonanoic acid propyl ester. See Propyl pelargonate Nonanoic acid vanillylamide. See Nonanoyl 4hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamide Nonanoic aldehyde. See Nonanal Nonanol. See 3,5,5-Trimethylhexan-1-ol 1631

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Nonan-1-ol; 1-Nonanol. See Nonyl alcohol 2-Nonanol CAS 628-99-9; EINECS/ELINCS 211-065-1 FEMA 3315 Synonyms: n-Heptyl methyl carbinol; Nonan2-ol Empirical: C9H20O Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol, oils; insol. in water; m.w. 144.26; dens. 0.827; b.p. 193-194 C; flash pt. 180 F; ref. index 1.4261.432 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, condiments, pickles, dips, spreads Features: Melon-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Nonan-2-ol. See 2-Nonanol n-Nonanol. See Nonyl alcohol Nonanol acetate. See n-Nonyl acetate Nonan-4-olide. See γ-Nonalactone 2-Nonanone CAS 821-55-6; EINECS/ELINCS 212-480-0 UN 1244; FEMA 2785 Synonyms: Heptyl methyl ketone; Methyl heptyl ketone; Nonan-2-one; 2-Nonanone (methyl heptyl ketone), natural Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C9H18O Formula: CH3(CH2)6COCH3 Properties: Colorless oily liq., char. rue odor, rose tea-like flavor; sol. in alcohol, oils, propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 142.24; dens. 0.82 (20/4 C); m.p. -21 C; b.p. 72-74 C (10 mm); flash pt. 68 C; ref. index 1.421 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; can react with oxidizers; wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, and eye/face protection Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Nonan-2-one; 2-Nonanone (methyl heptyl ketone), natural. See 2-Nonanone 3-Nonanon-1-yl acetate CAS 7779-54-6 FEMA 4007 Synonyms: Ethyl hexyl carbinyl acetate; 1Hydroxy-3-nonanone acetate; Ketone alcohol ester; Methylol methyl hexyl ketone acetate; sec- Nonyl acetate Empirical: C11 H20O3 Properties: Colorless, cl. oily liq.; sol. in alcohol and dipropylene glycol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 200.27; b.p. 203.00 C @ 760.00 mm Hg Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity floral waxy mignonette odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS delisted Nonanoyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamide CAS 2444-46-4; EINECS/ELINCS 219-484-1 FEMA 2787 Synonyms: Capsaicin synthetic analog; N-(4Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl) nonanamide; Nonanoic acid vanillylamide; Nonivamide; Nonylvanylamide; Pelargonic acid vanillylamide; Pseudocapsaicin; NVanillylnonamide; N-Vanillylnonanamide; NVanillylnonanoamide; Vanillyl nnonoylamide; N-Vanillylpelargonamide; Vanillyl perlargonic amide Empirical: C17H27NO3 Properties: Almost wh. to pale yel. powd.; m.w. 293.41; m.p. 57-61 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 8 mg/kg; very 1632

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference toxic; toxic, possibly fatal by inh., ing., skin absorp.; causes severe irritation; high concs. are extremely destructive to tissues of the mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, eyes, skin; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting, sneezing; sternutator; target organs: nerves; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, NOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Biosynth AG http://www.biosynth.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Formosa Labs http://www.formosalab.com/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Nonanoyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamide; NNonanoyl vanillylamide. See Pelargonyl vanillylamide Nonate. See Isoamyl nonanoate 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27-Nonaxanonacosane-1,29diol. See PEG-10 Noncarbinol. See Decyl alcohol 2-Nonenal CAS 2463-53-8; EINECS/ELINCS 219-562-5 FEMA 3213 Synonyms: 3-Hexylacrolein; β-Hexylacrolein; Non-2-enal; 2-Nonen-1-al; α-Nonenyl aldehyde; Nonylenic aldehyde Empirical: C9H16O Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. liq.; fatty violet odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 140.25; dens. 0.850-0.870; vapor den. 4.8; b.p. 188-190 (@ 1013 mBar); flash pt. (CC) 84 C; ref. index 1.457 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3700 mg/kg; mod. toxic by skin contact; mildly toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant; mutation data reported Environmental: keep run-off out of sewers, water sources Precaution: Wear protective gloves, splashproof eye goggles; incompat. with strong Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

oxidizers, alkalies Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com Non-2-enal; 2-Nonen-1-al. See 2-Nonenal (E)-Non-2-enal; (E)-2-Nonen-1-al. See trans-2Nonenal trans-2-Nonenal CAS 18829-56-6; EINECS/ELINCS 242-609-6 FEMA 3213 Synonyms: Heptylidene acetaldehyde; 3Hexyl-2-propenal; Iris aldehyde; (E)-Non-2enal; (E)-2-Nonen-1-al; trans-2-Nonen-1-al Empirical: C9H16O Formula: CH3(CH2)5CH=CHCHO Properties: Colorless liq.; green vegetative waxy orris-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 140.23; sp.gr. 0.840-0.846; b.p. 88-99 C (12 mm); flash pt. 79 C; ref. index 1.450-1.455 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may be harmful by inh, ing., or skin absorp.; vapor or mist is irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, ignition sources, naked flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, AICS, China, DSL, ECL, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Fontarome 1633

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.fontaromechemical.com Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com trans-2-Nonen-1-al. See trans-2-Nonenal 2-Nonenoic acid, methyl ester; Non-2-enoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl 2-nonenoate cis-6-Nonenol. See cis-6-Nonen-1-ol cis-6-Nonen-1-ol CAS 35854-86-5; EINECS/ELINCS 252-764-1 FEMA 3465 Synonyms: cis-6-Nonenol; (Z)-6-Nonen-1-ol; (Z)-Non-6-en-1-ol Empirical: C9H18O Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. liq., powerful melonlike odor; insol. in water; m.w. 142.23; dens. 0.850-0.870; b.p. 115 C (20 mm); flash pt. 199 F; ref. index 1.448-1.450 Storage: 24 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings Features: Melon-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp trans-2-Nonen-1-ol CAS 31502-14-4; EINECS/ELINCS 250-662-1 FEMA 3379 Empirical: C9H18O Formula: CH3(CH2)5CH=CHCH2OH Properties: Wh. liq., fatty violet odor; insol. in water; m.w. 142.23; dens. 0.830-0.850; b.p. 105 C (12 mm); flash pt. 101.6 C; ref. index 1.444-1.448 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may cause effects on fetus or newborn; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, meats, soups Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com (Z)-6-Nonen-1-ol; (Z)-Non-6-en-1-ol. See cis-6Nonen-1-ol α-Nonenyl aldehyde. See 2-Nonenal Nonfat dry milk EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Synonyms: Milk, nonfat dry; Nonfat milk; Powdered skim milk; Sine adipe lac Definition: Solid residue from dehydration of defatted cow's milk Uses: Food ingred. in processed meat prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §131.125 Manuf./Distrib.: ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; Blossom Farm Prods. Trade Names Containing: Dairyland C 270; Glacier II; Hentex-35; N-Flate™ Nonfat milk. See Nonfat dry milk Nonivamide. See Nonanoyl 4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzylamide Nonoic acid; n-Nonoic acid. See Nonanoic acid Nonoxynol-6 CAS 9016-45-9 (generic); 26027-38-3 (generic); 27177-01-1; 27177-05-5 (generic); 37205-87-1 (generic); 68412-54-4 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-6 nonyl phenyl ether; PEG 300 nonyl phenyl ether; POE (6) nonyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Empirical: C27H48O7 Formula: C9H19C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 6 Properties: Yel. to almost colorless liq.; HLB 10.9; Nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by ingestion, skin contact; severe eye and mild skin irritant in humans; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to 1634

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Surfactant, stabilizer, defoamer, emulsifier, dispersant, detergent, wetting agent, solubilizer, coupling agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Nonoxynol-7 CAS 9016-45-9 (generic); 26027-38-3 (generic); 27177-03-3; 37205-87-1 (generic); 68412-54-4 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 248-292-0 Synonyms: 20-(Nonylphenoxy)-3,6,9,12,15,18hexaoxaeicosan-1-ol; PEG-7 nonyl phenyl ether; POE (7) nonyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Empirical: C29H52O8 Formula: C9H19C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 7 Properties: Yel. to almost colorless liq.; nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by ingestion, skin contact; severe eye and mild skin irritant in humans; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Intermediate for prod. of food-grade emulsifiers, lubricants, release agents, binders Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Nonoxynol-10 CAS 9016-45-9 (generic); 26027-38-3 (generic); 27177-08-8; 27942-26-3; 37205-87-1 (generic); 68412-54-4 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 248-294-1 Synonyms: 29-(Nonylphenoxy)3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27-nonaoxanonacosan1-ol; PEG-10 nonyl phenyl ether; PEG 500 nonyl phenyl ether; POE (10) nonyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Empirical: C35H64O11 Formula: C9H19C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 10 Properties: Colorless to lt. amber visc. liq., aromatic odor; sol. in polar org. solvs., water; HLB 13.3; hyd. no. 81-97; Nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by ingestion, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

skin contact; severe eye and mild skin irritant in humans; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Solubilizer for essential oils, surfactant, wetting agent, emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 176.300, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Cremophor® NP 10 Nonoxynol-11 CAS 9016-45-9 (generic); 26027-38-3 (generic); 37205-87-1 (generic); 68412-54-4 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-11 nonyl phenyl ether; POE (11) nonyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Formula: C9H19C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 11 Properties: Yel. to almost colorless liq.; nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by ingestion, skin contact; severe eye and mild skin irritant in humans; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Surfactant, wetting agent, emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 176.300, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Nonoxynol-12 CAS 9016-45-9 (generic); 26027-38-3 (generic); 37205-87-1 (generic); 68412-54-4 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-12 nonyl phenyl ether; PEG 600 nonyl phenyl ether; POE (12) nonyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Formula: C9H19C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 12 Properties: Yel. to almost colorless liq.; Nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by ingestion, skin contact; severe eye and mild skin 1635

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference irritant in humans; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Detergent, wetting agent, coemulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 176.300, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Nonoxynol-14 CAS 9016-45-9 (generic); 26027-38-3 (generic); 37205-87-1 (generic); 68412-54-4 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-14 nonyl phenyl ether; POE (14) nonyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Formula: C9H19C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 14 Properties: Yel. to almost colorless liq.; HLB 14.4; nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by ingestion, skin contact; severe eye and mild skin irritant in humans; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Solubilizer for essential oils and flavors in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Cremophor® NP 14 Nonoxynol-40 CAS 9016-45-9 (generic); 26027-38-3 (generic); 37205-87-1 (generic); 68412-54-4 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-40 nonyl phenyl ether; PEG 2000 nonyl phenyl ether; POE (40) nonyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Formula: C9H19C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 40 Properties: Pale yel. to off-wh. pastes or waxes; Nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by ingestion, skin contact; severe eye and mild skin irritant in humans; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Surfactant, detergent, emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant, stabilizer, defoamer for foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Nonoxynol-50 CAS 9016-45-9 (generic); 26027-38-3 (generic); 37205-87-1 (generic); 68412-54-4 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-50 nonyl phenyl ether; POE (50) nonyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Formula: C9H19C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 50 Properties: Pale yel. to off-wh. pastes or waxes; Nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by ingestion, skin contact; severe eye and mild skin irritant in humans; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Surfactant, detergent, emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant, stabilizer, defoamer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.180, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: T-Det® N-50; T-Det® N-507 Nonyl acetate (INCI). See n-Nonyl acetate n-Nonyl acetate CAS 143-13-5; EINECS/ELINCS 205-585-8 FEMA 2788 Synonyms: Acetate C-9; Acetic acid nonyl ester; Acetic acid n-nonyl ester; Nonanol acetate; Nonyl acetate (INCI); Nonyl ethanoate; n-Nonyl ethanoate; Pelargonyl acetate Definition: Ester of nonyl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C11H22O2 Formula: CH3COO(CH2)8CH3 Properties: Colorless liq., pungent odor, suggestive of mushrooms, gardenia when dil.; sol. in abs. alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 186.29; dens. 0.864; b.p. 208-212 C; flash pt. > 153 F; ref. index 1.422 Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA 1636

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium sec- Nonyl acetate. See 3-Nonanon-1-yl acetate 3-Nonyl acrolein. See 2-Dodecenal Nonyl alcohol CAS 143-08-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-583-7 FEMA 2789 Synonyms: Alcohol C-9; Nonalol; Nonan-1-ol; 1-Nonanol; n-Nonanol; n-Nonyl alcohol; Octyl carbinol; Pelargonic alcohol Empirical: C9H20O Formula: CH3(CH2)8OH Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq., citronella oil odor; misc. with alcohol, ether, chloroform, oxygenated solvs.; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 144.26; dens. 0.8279 (20/4 C); m.p. -6 to -4 C; b.p. 210-213 C; flash pt. 98 C; ref. index 1.4338 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 6400 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 800 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5660 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse, 2 h) 5500 mg/m3; mildly toxic by ing., skin contact, inh.; irritant; experimental reproductive effector; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; mfg. of artificial lemon oil Features: Citrus lemon oil flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Nonyl alcohol. See 3,5,5-Trimethylhexan-1-ol n-Nonyl alcohol. See Nonyl alcohol s-Nonyl alcohol. See 2,6-Dimethyl heptanol-4 1-Nonyl aldehyde; n-Nonyl aldehyde. See Nonanal Nonyl caprylate. See Nonyl octanoate Nonylcarbinol. See Decyl alcohol Nonylenic aldehyde. See 2-Nonenal Nonyl ethanoate; n-Nonyl ethanoate. See nNonyl acetate Nonylic acid; n-Nonylic acid. See Nonanoic acid Nonyl isovalerate CAS 7786-47-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-098-8 FEMA 2791 Synonyms: Nonyl 3-methylbutanoate Empirical: C14H28O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; sol in alcohol and dipropylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 228.37; sp. gr. 0.853-0.859; b.p. 264.00 C; ref. index 1.427-1.430 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Nonyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Nonyl isovalerate Nonyl methyl ketone. See 2-Undecanone Nonyl octanoate CAS 7786-48-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-099-3 FEMA 2790 Synonyms: Nonyl caprylate; n-Nonyl octoate; Nonyl octylate Definition: Ester of n-nonanol and n-octanoic acid Empirical: C17H34O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., sweet rose odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 270.46; dens. 0.86; b.p. 315 C; flash pt. (TCC) 300 F; ref. index 1.441±0.02 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet rose mushroom odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL n-Nonyl octoate; Nonyl octylate. See Nonyl octanoate Nonylol. See 3,5,5-Trimethylhexan-1-ol 20-(Nonylphenoxy)-3,6,9,12,15,181637

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference hexaoxaeicosan-1-ol. See Nonoxynol-7 29-(Nonylphenoxy)-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27nonaoxanonacosan-1-ol. See Nonoxynol-10 Nonylvanylamide. See Nonanoyl 4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzylamide 2-Nonynoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl-2nonynoate 2-Nonynoic acid, methyl ester; Non-2-ynoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl 2-nonynoate Nootkatone CAS 4674-50-4; EINECS/ELINCS 225-124-4 FEMA 3166 Synonyms: 5,6-Dimethyl-8-isopropenyl bicyclo [4.4.0]-dec-1-en-3-one; 4α,5Dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4α,5,6,7-octahydro-7-keto3-isopropenylnahthalen; (4R-(4α,4aα,6β))4,4a,5,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,4a-dimethyl-6-(1methylvinyl) naphthalen-2(3H)-one; 4,4α,5,6,7,8-Hexahydro-6-isopropenyl-4,4αdimethyl-2,3H-naphthalenone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C15H22O Properties: Yel. visc. liq.; citrus grapefruit odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 218.34; sp.gr. 0.997; m.p. 39 C; b.p. 170 C (1 mm); flash pt. (CC) 110 C; ref. index 1.520-1.529 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 3 g/kg; may be irritating to eyes and skin; may cause contact dermatitis; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, citrus oils Features: Grapefruit, citrus, orange and bitter taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; AFF Int'l. http://www.affintl.com; AcmeHardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Aromor Flavors & Fragrances http://www.aromor.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Nopinen; Nopinene. See β-Pinene 2-Norbanol, 1,3,3-trimethyl-, acetate. See Fenchyl acetate Norbixin INS160b; E160b Synonyms: 6'-Methylhydrogen-9'-cis-6,6'diapocarotene-6,6'-dioate, Na or K; 6'Methylhydrogen-9'-trans-6,6'diapocarotene-6,6'-dioate, Na or K Empirical: C24H28 Na2O4 or C24H28 K2O4 Properties: M.w. 426.46 (sodium salt) or 458.68 (potassium salt) Uses: Natural colorant in food mixes; colorant in margarine, coatings, bakery goods, ices, liqueurs, processed cheese (EC) Features: Provides yellow tint Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Extractos Andinos CA http://www.extractosandinos.com/; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Trade Names Containing: AFC AS 300 P See also Annatto (Bixa orellana); Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; Bixin 2-Norbornanone, 1,3,3-trimethyl-. See dFenchone Nordihydroguaiaretic acid CAS 500-38-9; EINECS/ELINCS 207-903-0 Synonyms: 1,4-Bis (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2,3dimethylbutane; Dihydronorguaiaretic acid; β,γ-Dimethyl-α,[GD]-bis (3,4dihydroxyphenyl) butane; 4,4´-(2,3Dimethyl-1,4-butanediyl) bis [1,2benzenediol]; 4,4´-(2,3Dimethyltetramethylene) dipyrocatechol; 1638

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference NDGA; Nordihydroguairaretic acid Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C18H22O4 Formula: [C6H3(OH)2CH2CH(CH3)]2 Properties: Cryst.; sol. in lipids, ethanol, methanol, ether, acetone, glycerin, propylene glycol, dil. alkalis; sl. sol. in hot water, chloroform; pract. insol. in benzene and petrol. ether; m.w. 302.36; m.p. 184-185 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 550 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; irritant; harmful if swallowed Uses: Antioxidant migrating from food pkg. Use Level: 0.01-0.1% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.1010, 181.22, 181.24 (0.005% migrating from food pkg.), 189.165; Japan approved (0.1 g/kg max.) Manuf./Distrib.: A.G. Scientific http://www.agscientific.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; K J RossPetersen http://www.ross.dk; MMP http://www.mmpinc.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Nordihydroguairaretic acid. See Nordihydroguaiaretic acid Norgine. See Alginic acid Normal hexane. See Hexane Normal propyl alcohol. See Propyl alcohol Norvaline, 3-methyl-. See L-Isoleucine Norvaline, 4-methyl-. See L-Leucine Novaculite CAS 14808-60-7 Synonyms: Agate; Chalcedony; Rose quartz; Silica, crystalline quartz; Silicic anhydride; Silicon dioxide Definition: Naturally occurring form of quartz Empirical: O2Si Formula: SiO2 Properties: Transparent cryst. or amorphous powd.; tasteless; m.w. 60.09 Toxicology: LDLo (IV, rat) 90 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., human, 10 yr., intermittent) 300 µg/m3; harmful dust; may cause cough, dyspnea, fibrosis, focal pneumoconiosis; avoid inh.; tumorigen; mutagen; cancer suspect agent; target organs: lungs, thorax; TSCA listed Uses: Flow aid in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Zeolex® 5161; Zeolex® 5162 Trade Names Containing: Rikemal Super See also Quartz; Silica Novatone. See Acetanisole 2-NP. See 2-Nitropropane NR. See Natural rubber NSA. See Niacinamide NT red. See FD&C Red No. 40 Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil CAS 8008-45-5 FEMA 2793 Synonyms: East Indian nutmeg oil; Myristica fragrans; Myristica fragrans oil; Myristica oil; Nutmeg oil; Nutmeg oil, East Indian Definition: Oil extracted from kernel of Myristica fragrans; consists of α- and β-pinene, camphene, myristicin, dipentene, sabanene Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., nutmeg odor and taste; very sol. in hot alcohol, chloroform, ether; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; sl. sol. in cold alcohol; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, water; dens. 0.880-0.910; ref. index 1.474-1.488 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2620 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 10 g/kg; highly toxic; mod. toxic by ing.; as little as 5 g can cause nausea, vomiting, and death; skin irritant; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool, well closed; light-sensitive Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, cakes, eggnog, fruit, puddings, cola flavors, meat seasonings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed (< 1 to 15 ppm safrole); BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences 1639

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/ Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Lemalta Flavor® Nutmeg oil; Nutmeg oil, East Indian. See Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil Nutmeg oil, expressed. See Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil Nutty cyclohexone. See 3-Methyl-2-cyclohexen1-one Nylon. See Polyamide Nylon 12 CAS 25038-74-8; 24937-16-4 Synonyms: Azacyclotridecane-2-one, homopolymer; Azacyclotridecane-2-one polyamide; PA 12; Polyamide 12; Poly (laurolactam) Classification: Thermoplastic; polyamide Definition: Polyamide derived from 12aminododecanoic acid Empirical: (C12H23NO)n Formula: (NH(CH2)11CO]n Properties: Solid; dens. 1.010; m.p. 175 C; tens. str. 45 MPa; tens. mod. 1400 MPa; elong (@ break) 200%; exc. abrasion resist.; good elec. insulation props. Uses: Food contact applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.1500, 177.2260; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashley Polymers http://www.ashleypoly.com; Evonik Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html Trade Names: Grilamid® L25 Oak bark extract FEMA 2794 Synonyms: Oak chips extract Definition: Extract of the bark of oak trees, Quercus species Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Oak chips extract. See Oak bark extract Oak, English, extract. See English oak (Quercus robur) extract Oakmoss (Evernia prunastri) extract CAS 90028-68-5; EINECS/ELINCS 289-861-3 Synonyms: Evernia prunastri; Evernia prunastri extract; Evernia prunastri lichen extract; Oakmoss extract Definition: Extract of the aerial parts of the oakmoss, Evernia prunastri, contg. chiefly αand β-thujone Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.1% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com Oakmoss extract. See Oakmoss (Evernia prunastri) extract Oak root extract CAS 71011-28-4; EINECS/ELINCS 275-129-0 Synonyms: Quercus Definition: Extract of the roots of the oak tree, Quercus spp. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Oak wood, English. See English oak (Quercus robur) wood Oat (Avena sativa) bran Synonyms: Avena sativa; Avena sativa bran; Bran, avena sativa; Bran, oat; Oat bran Definition: Broken coat of the kernels of oats, Avena sativa Uses: Dietary fiber for baked goods, nutritional drinks and bars, nutraceutical prods. 1640

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Hesco http://www.hescoinc.com/hesco/default.asp Trade Names: Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oat Bran Trade Names Containing: Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oatex® Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Synonyms: Oat fiber Uses: Dietary fiber in foods, cereals, snacks, dairy prods.; humectant for meat prods.; partial flour replacement for baked goods, cereals, snacks Manuf./Distrib.: Hesco http://www.hescoinc.com/hesco/default.asp Trade Names: Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 100; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 200; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 500 Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785; Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 101; Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 200 Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600; Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600/30 Trade Names Containing: Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oatex® Oat (Avena sativa) flour EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Synonyms: Avena sativa; Flour, oats; Oat flour Definition: Powder obtained by fine grinding of the kernels of oats, Avena sativa Manuf./Distrib.: Hesco http://www.hescoinc.com/hesco/default.asp Oat bran. See Oat (Avena sativa) bran Oat fiber. See Oat (Avena sativa) fiber Oat flour. See Oat (Avena sativa) flour Oat flour, hydrolysates; Oat flour, hydrolyzed. See Hydrolyzed oat flour Oat gum CAS 73020-09-4 INS411 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer in foods, cheeses, frozen desserts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§133.178, 133.179, 135 Oceol. See Oleyl alcohol Ochre. See Iron oxide yellow Ocimene CAS 13877-91-3; EINECS/ELINCS 237-641-2 FEMA 3539 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene; trans-β-Ocimene Definition: Derived from leaves of Ocimum basilicum, etc. Empirical: C10H16 Properties: Oil; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, glac. acetic acid; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 136.23; dens. 0.799 (20/4 C); b.p. 81 C (30 mm); ref. index 1.4893 (20 C) Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com trans-β-Ocimene. See Ocimene Ocimum basilicum; Ocimum basilicum extract. See Basil (Ocimum basilicum) extract Ocimum basilicum oil. See Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil Ocimum basilicum oleoresin. See Oleoresin basil Octaacetylsucrose. See Sucrose octaacetate Octacosanol CAS 557-61-9; EINECS/ELINCS 209-181-2 Synonyms: Cluytyl; 1-Octacosanol; nOctacosanol; Octacosyl alcohol; Policosanol; Polycosanol Definition: A constituent of vegetable waxes Empirical: C28H58O Formula: CH3(CH2)26CH2OH Properties: Cryst.; sol. in carbon disulfide, other fat solvs., oils; insol. in water; m.w. 410.77; m.p. 83.4 C; b.p. 200-250 C Uses: Nutrient in dietary supplements, health foods, high potency direct compression prods. for tableting, capsules, powd. mixes Manuf./Distrib.: Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol 95% Trade Names Containing: Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol 30%; Lesstanol™ Natural 1641

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Octacosanol GF; Lesstanol™ Natural Policosanol 60 1-Octacosanol; n-Octacosanol; Octacosyl alcohol. See Octacosanol 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid; cis,cis-9,12Octadecadienoic acid; (Z,Z)-9,12Octadecadienoic acid. See Linoleic acid 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester. See Glyceryl linoleate 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl linoleate 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, mixed triesters with octanoic acid, decanoic acid, and 1,2,3propanetriol. See Caprylic/capric/linoleic triglyceride 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3-propanetriol. See Glyceryl linoleate Octadecanamide. See Stearamide Octadecanamide, N,N´-1,2-ethanediylbis-; Octadecanamide, N,N´-ethylenebis-. See Ethylene distearamide Octadecanaminium, N,N-dimethyl-N-octadecyl-, chloride. See Distearyldimonium chloride Octadecanoic acid; n-Octadecanoic acid. See Stearic acid Octadecanoic acid, aluminum salt. See Aluminum tristearate; Aluminum stearate Octadecanoic acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium stearate Octadecanoic acid, 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl)-1,3propanediyl ester. See Pentaerythrityl distearate Octadecanoic acid butyl ester. See Butyl stearate Octadecanoic acid calcium salt. See Calcium stearate Octadecanoic acid, 2-(1-carboxyethoxy)-1methyl-2-oxoethyl ester, calcium salt. See Calcium stearoyl lactylate Octadecanoic acid, 2-(1-carboxyethoxy)-1methyl-2-oxoethyl ester, sodium salt. See Sodium stearoyl lactylate Octadecanoic acid, decaester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate Octadecanoic acid, diester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 distearate Octadecanoic acid, diester with hexaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-6 distearate Octadecanoic acid, diester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl distearate Octadecanoic acid, diester with triglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-3 distearate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Octadecanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol 2-hydroxypropanoate. See Glyceryl stearate lactate Octadecanoic acid, 1,2-ethanediyl ester. See Glycol distearate Octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl stearate Octadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl ester. See Glycol stearate Octadecanoic acid, magnesium salt. See Magnesium stearate Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl stearate Octadecanoic acid, mixed triesters with octanoic acid, decanoic acid, and 1,2,3propanetriol. See Caprylic/capric/stearic triglyceride Octadecanoic acid, monoester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 stearate Octadecanoic acid, monoester with diglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-2 stearate Octadecanoic acid, monoester with octaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-8 stearate 9-Octadecanoic acid, monoester with oxybis [propanediol]. See Polyglyceryl-2 stearate Octadecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2propanediol. See Propylene glycol stearate Octadecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl stearate Octadecanoic acid, monoester with tetraglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-4 stearate Octadecanoic acid, monoester with triglycerol; Octadecanoic acid, monoester with tri-1,2,3propanetriol diether. See Polyglyceryl-3 stearate Octadecanoic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium stearate Octadecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester. See Tristearin Octadecanoic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium stearate Octadecanoic acid, tetraester with diglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-2 tetrastearate Octadecanoic acid, triester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 tristearate Octadecanoic acid, zinc salt. See Zinc stearate Octadecanol; 1-Octadecanol; n-Octadecanol. See Stearyl alcohol 6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid. See γ-Linolenic acid 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid; all cis-9,12,15Octadecatrienoic acid; (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,151642

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Octadecatrienoic acid. See Linolenic acid 9-Octadecenamide. See Oleamide 9-Octadecenoic acid; 9,10-Octadecenoic acid; cis-9-Octadecenoic acid; cis-Octadec-9-enoic acid. See Oleic acid 9-Octadecenoic acid, aluminum salt; 9Octadecenoic acid, (2)-, aluminum salt (3:1). See Aluminum oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, compd. with 2,2´,2´´nitrilotris[ethanol] (1:1). See TEA-oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, diester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 dioleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, diester with hexaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, diester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl dioleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, diester with triglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-3 dioleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, ester with 1,2,3propanetriol (1:2). See Polyglyceryl-2 oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, hexaester with hexaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-6 hexaoleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, 17-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15pentaoxaheptadec-1-yl ester. See PEG-6 oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester; (Z)-9Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with hexaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-6 oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with octaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-8 oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with oxybis [propanediol]. See Polyglyceryl-2 oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with pentaglyceryl. See Polyglyceryl-5 oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with 1,2propanediol. See Propylene glycol oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl mono/dioleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with tetraglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-4 oleate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with triglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-3 oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, 9-octadecenyl ester. See Oleyl oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, oxybis (2,1-ethanediyloxy2,1-ethanediyl) ester. See PEG-4 dioleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, pentaester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 pentaoleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, potassium salt; 9Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, potassium salt. See Potassium oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester; 9Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester. See Triolein 9-Octadecenoic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium oleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, tetraester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate 9-Octadecenoic acid, triester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 trioleate Octadecenol; 1-Octadecenol; Octadec-9-en-1-ol; 9-Octadecen-1-ol; cis-9-Octadecen-1-ol; (Z)Octadec-9-enol; (Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol. See Oleyl alcohol α-9-Octadecenyl-ω-hydroxypoly (oxy-1,2ethanediyl), (Z). See Oleth-20 Octadecyl alcohol; n-Octadecyl alcohol. See Stearyl alcohol Octadecyl citrate. See Stearyl citrate Octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Stearalkonium chloride Octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. See Steartrimonium chloride 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-. See Citral 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-, diethyl acetal; 2,6Octadiene, 1,1-diethoxy-3,7-dimethyl-. See Citral diethyl acetal 2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-. See Geraniol 2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate; 2,6Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate, (E)-. See Geranyl acetate 2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate, (Z)-. See Neryl acetate 2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, formate (Z)-. See Neryl formate 2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, isovalerate. See Geranyl isovalerate 2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, propionate, (E). See Geranyl propionate Octafluorocyclobutane CAS 115-25-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-075-2 1643

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference UN 1976 (DOT); INS946 Synonyms: C-318; Cyclooctafluorobutane; Freon C-318; Halocarbon C-318; Perfluorocyclobutane; Propellant C-318 Empirical: C4F8 Properties: Colorless gas, odorless; m.w. 200.03; dens. 1.513 @ -70 F (liq.); f.p. -41.4 C; b.p. -6.04 C; nonflamm. Toxicology: Mildly toxic by ing., inh.; can cause sl. transient effects at high concs.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of F– Uses: Propellant, aerating agent in foamed or sprayed food prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.360; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Spec. Gases http://www.advancedspecialtygases.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Zhejiang Sanhuan Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.sanhuanchemicals.com Octaglycerol oleate. See Polyglyceryl-8 oleate Octaglyceryl stearate. See Polyglyceryl-8 stearate (1S-cis)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydro-7isopropylidene-1,4-dimethylazulene. See Guaiene γ-Octalactone CAS 104-50-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-208-1 FEMA 2796 Synonyms: γ-n-Butyl-γ-butyrolactone; 5-Butyldihydro-furan-2-one; 4-Hydroxyoctanoic acid lactone; 4-Hydroxyoctanoic acid, γlactone; n-Octalactone; γ-Octanoic lactone; Octanolide-1,4; Octan-4-olide; Tetrahydro-6propyl-2H-pyran-2-one Classification: lactone Empirical: C8H14O2 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; strong fruity odor; sweet taste; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 142.20; dens. 0.975; b.p. 234 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4440 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4400 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Coconut-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com n-Octalactone. See γ-Octalactone n-Octaldehyde. See n-Octanal 2,6,10,14,19,23,27,31-octamethyldotriaconta2,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,30-tridecaene. See Lycopene 1-Octanal. See n-Octanal n-Octanal CAS 124-13-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-683-8 UN 1191 (DOT; UN IATA); FEMA 2797 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-8; C-8 aldehyde; Caprylaldehyde; Caprylic aldehyde; nOctaldehyde; 1-Octanal; Octanaldehyde; Octylaldehyde; n-Octyl aldehyde Empirical: C8H16O Formula: CH3(CH2)6CHO Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq., fatty-orange odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol, oxygenated and aliphatic solvs.; sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 128.24; dens. 0.821 (20/4 C); b.p. 163.4 C; flash pt. (CC) 125 F; ref. index 1.417-1.425 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5630 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 6350 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing. and skin contact; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed 1644

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; mod. fire risk; can react with oxidizing, reducing materials Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air; store under nitrogen if possible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Fatty penetrating fragrance and flavor, sweet and orange-like on dilution Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names Containing: Grapefruit Artificial Flavor 4115 Octanaldehyde. See n-Octanal Octanal dimethyl acetal CAS 10022-28-3; EINECS/ELINCS 233-018-4 FEMA 2798 Synonyms: C-8 dimethylacetal; 1,1Dimethoxyoctane; Octane, 1,1-dimethoxyEmpirical: C10H22O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)6CH(OCH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq.; powerful green citrus waxy sweet odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 174.28; sp.gr. 0.841-40.852; b.p. 206-207 C; flash pt. (CC) 155 F; ref. index 1.410-1.420 (20 C) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., ing., skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat and open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, fruit and vegetable flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com 1-Octanal-3,7-dimethyl-7-hydroxy; Octanal, 7hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-. See Hydroxycitronellal Octanal, 7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-, dimethyl acetal. See Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal Octanal-, 2-methyl-. See 2-Methyloctanal Octane CAS 111-65-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-892-1 UN 1262 (DOT) Synonyms: n-Octane Classification: Sat. aliphatic hydrocarbon Empirical: C8H18 Formula: CH3(CH2)6CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; gasoline-like odor; completely misc. with most org. solvs.; insol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 114.23; sp.gr. 0.70 (20 C); vapor pressure 10 mm Hg (19 C); m.p. -56.7 C; b.p. 125-126 C; flash pt. 13 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 300 ppm; STEL 375 ppm; LDLo (IV, mouse) 428 mg/kg; poison by IV route; skin and eye irritant; mild narcotic at high vapor concs.; may cause nose/throat irritation, headache, drowsiness, nausea, difficulty breathing; very high concs. may cause unconsciousness, death; ing. may cause nausea, vomiting, swelling of abdomen, headache, depression; relatively low oral toxicity unless aspirated into lungs (may cause severe damage, death); asphyxiant; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; severe explosion hazard exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents (increases fire and explosion hazard) 1645

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ n-Octane. See Octane 1-Octanecarboxylic acid. See Nonanoic acid Octane, 1,1-dimethoxy-. See Octanal dimethyl acetal 1,2-Octanediol, 3,7-dimethyl-. See Hydroxycitronellol Octanoic acid; n-Octanoic acid. See Caprylic acid Octanoic acid allyl ester. See Allyl octanoate Octanoic acid, aluminum salt. See Aluminum caprylate Octanoic acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium caprylate Octanoic acid calcium salt. See Calcium caprylate Octanoic acid, diester with 1,2,3-propanetriol. See Glyceryl dicaprylate Octanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl octanoate Octanoic acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl octanoate Octanoic acid, 2-hydroxypropyl ester. See Propylene glycol caprylate Octanoic acid, isopentyl ester; Octanoic acid, 3methylbutyl ester. See Isoamyl octanoate Octanoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl caprylate Octanoic acid, 1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl ester. See Propylene glycol dicaprylate Octanoic acid, 4-methylphenyl ester. See pCresyl octanoate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Octanoic acid, mixed diesters with decanoic acid and propylene glycol. See Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate Octanoic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol. See Propylene glycol caprylate Octanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl caprylate Octanoic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium caprylate Octanoic acid, 1,3-propanediyl ester. See Propylene glycol dioctanoate Octanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriol ester; Octanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester. See Trioctanoin Octanoic acid-2-propenyl ester. See Allyl octanoate Octanoic acid sodium salt. See Sodium caprylate n-Octanoic acid p-tolyl ester; Octanoic acid ptolyl ester. See p-Cresyl octanoate Octanoic acid triglyceride. See Trioctanoin Octanoic/decanoic acid triglyceride. See Caprylic/capric triglyceride γ-Octanoic lactone. See γ-Octalactone Octanol; 1-Octanol; Octan-1-ol. See Caprylic alcohol 2-Octanol CAS 123-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-667-0 UN 1987 (DOT); FEMA 2801 Synonyms: Capryl alcohol; Hexyl methyl carbinol; 2-Hydroxyoctane; Methyl hexyl carbinol; Octan-2-ol; 2-n-Octanol; s-n-Octyl alcohol; Secondary caprylic alcohol Classification: Sec. aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C8H18O Formula: CH3(CH2)5CH(OH)CH3 Properties: Colorless clear oily visc. liq.; pungent aromatic odor; sol. in ethanol, ether, acetone, oxygenated solvs., aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 130.23; sp.gr. 0.819 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 0.84 mm Hg (40 C); m.p. -39 C; b.p. 178.5 C; flash pt. 76 C; ref. index 1.426 (20 C); surf. tens. 26.38 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 8.173 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 3200 mg/kg; toxic; skin and eye irritant; inh. may cause nose/throat irritation, CNS depression symptoms; ing. may cause 'alcohol' intoxication symptoms; may cause severe lung damage, respiratory/cardiac arrest, and death if aspirated into lungs; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 1.84 1646

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Combustible liq.; can form explosive mixts. with air ≥ 80 C; incompat. with oxidizing agents (increases risk of fire or explosion) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: CO, CO2, acrid smoke, irritating vapors NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat and ignition sources; avoid generating mists and vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 176.180, 176.210; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Octan-2-ol; 2-n-Octanol. See 2-Octanol 3-Octanol CAS 589-98-0; EINECS/ELINCS 209-667-4 FEMA 3581 Synonyms: Amyl ethyl carbinol; Ethyl amyl carbinol; Ethyl n-amyl carbinol; Ethyl pentyl carbinol; Octanol-3; D-n-Octanol Classification: Aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C8H18O Formula: CH3(CH2)4CH(OH)CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; mushroom-like odor; m.w. 130.23; dens. 0.822 (20/4 C); m.p. -45 C; b.p. 177-179 C; flash pt. 68 C; ref. index 1.427 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, snack foods, beverages, alcoholic beverages, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com; BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com Degussa Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; I. P. Callison http://www.ipcallison.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names Containing: Spearmint Oil 603 Octanol-3; D-n-Octanol. See 3-Octanol n-Octanol. See Caprylic alcohol 1-Octanol acetate. See Octyl acetate 3- Octanol acetate. See 3-Octyl acetate 2-Octanol, 8.8-diethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-. See Hydroxycitronellal diethyl acetal 2-Octanol, 8,8-dimethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-. See Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal 3-Octanol, 3,7-dimethyl-. See Tetrahydrolinalool 1-Octanol, 3,7-dimethyl-7-hydroxy-. See Hydroxycitronellol Octanolide-1,4; Octan-4-olide. See γOctalactone 5-Octanol-4-one. See 5-Hydroxy-4-octanone 2-Octanone. See Methyl hexyl ketone 3-Octanone CAS 106-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-423-0 1647

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference UN 2271 (DOT); FEMA 2803 Synonyms: Amyl ethyl ketone; n-Amyl ethyl ketone; EAK; Ethyl amyl ketone; Ethyl namyl ketone; Ethyl pentyl ketone; 5-Methyl3-heptanone; Octanone-3; n-Pentyl ethyl ketone Classification: Nonaromatic ketone Empirical: C8H16O Formula: CH3(CH2)4COC2H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; mild fruity odor; very sol. in ethanol; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 128.22; sp.gr. 0.8200.824 (20/20 C); dens. 6.83 lb/gal (20 C); b.p. 166-169 C; flash pt. 51 C; ref. index 1.415 (20 C) Toxicology: OSHA PEL TWA 25 ppm; LD50 (IP, mouse) 406 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; narcotic in high concs.; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat, sparks, flame, or oxidizers; mod. fire risk Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Octanone-3. See 3-Octanone 4-Octanone, 5-hydroxy-. See 5-Hydroxy-4octanone 3-Octanon-1-ol CAS 65405-68-7; EINECS/ELINCS 265-739-5 FEMA 2804 Synonyms: Caproyl ethanol; Hexanoyl ethanol; 3-(hydroxymethyl) heptan-2-one; Ketone alcohol; Methylol methyl amyl ketone Empirical: C8 H16O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 144.21; sp. gr. 0.94500 0.94900; b.p. 94.00-96.00 C @ 9.00 mm Hg Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity herbal spice odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS n-Octanyl acetate. See Octyl acetate 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-Octaoxahexacosane-1,26diol. See PEG-9 2-Octenal CAS 2363-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 219-115-4 FEMA 2815 Synonyms: Oct-2-enal Empirical: C8H14O Uses: Flavoring agent in foods; coatings on fresh citrus fruits; washing or lye peeling of fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR§172.860, 173.315; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ Oct-2-enal. See 2-Octenal 1-Octene-3-ol. See 1-Octen-3-ol 1-Octen-3-ol CAS 3391-86-4; EINECS/ELINCS 222-226-0 UN 2810; FEMA 2805 Synonyms: Amyl vinyl carbinol; 1-Octene-3-ol; Pentyl vinyl carbinol Classification: aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C8H16O Formula: CH3(CH2)4CH(OH)CH:CH2 Properties: Colorless liq.; earthy mushroom odor; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 128.22; dens. 0.837 (20/4 C); vapor dens. 4.4; b.p. 173-177 C; flash pt. 87 C; ref. index 1.437 (20 C); tenacity 8 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 340 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 56 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3300 mg/kg; toxic; poison by ing. and IV routes; mod. toxic by skin contact; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: do not contaminate water sources, sewers Precaution: Combustible; wear protective gloves, splash-proof goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Mushroom-like flavor 1648

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Use Level: < 1% Regulatory: FCC; FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 2-2393); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF AG http://www.basf.de Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Trade Names: Morillol® 3-Octen-1-ol, (Z)-. See cis-3-Octen-1-ol cis-3-Octen-1-ol CAS 20125-84-2; EINECS/ELINCS 243-533-6 FEMA 3467 Synonyms: 3-Octen-1-ol, (Z)Empirical: C8H16O Properties: Wh. to ylsh. liq., musty mushroom odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 128.22; sp.gr. 0.830-0.850; b.p. 73 C (0.5 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 180 F; ref. index 1.440 Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings Features: Mushroom-like, earthy, herbaceous fragrance and flavor Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; EINECS, AICS, Canada DSL, ECL, PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 1-Octen-3-ol acetate. See 1-Octen-3-yl acetate 1-Octen-3-ol butyrate. See 1-Octen-3-yl butyrate 6-Octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-. See β-Citronellol 7-Octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-. See Rhodinol 7-Octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, (S)-. See (-)Rhodinol 6-Octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, acetate. See Citronellyl acetate 6-Octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, butyrate. See Rhodinyl butyrate 7-Octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, propanoate; 7Octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, propionate. See Rhodinyl propionate Octenyl acetate. See 1-Octen-3-yl acetate 1-Octen-3-yl acetate CAS 2442-10-6; EINECS/ELINCS 219-474-7 FEMA 3582 Synonyms: Amyl vinyl carbinol acetate; Amyl vinyl carbinyl acetate; 1-Octen-3-ol acetate; Octenyl acetate; 1-Pentylallyl acetate; Pentyl crotonyl acetate; n-Pentyl vinyl carbinol acetate Empirical: C10H18O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; weak, earthy, fruity odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 170.28; sp.gr. 0.8778; vapor dens. 5.8; b.p. 189-191 C; flash pt. 69 C; ref. index 1.419-1.429; tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 850 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; sl. toxic by skin contact; eye irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: keep run-off water out of sewers, water sources Precaution: Wear protective gloves, splashproof eye goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep in original, tightly closed container away from heat, sparks, open flame, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods 1649

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Use Level: < 1%; 0.3% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 2-2534); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com 1-Octen-3-yl butyrate CAS 16491-54-6; EINECS/ELINCS 240-555-8 FEMA 3612 Synonyms: Butanoic acid, 1-ethenylhexyl ester; Butyric acid, 1-pentylallyl ester; Butyric acid, 1-vinylhexyl ester; 1-Octen-3ol butyrate; 1-Pentylallyl butyrate Empirical: C12H22O2 Properties: Liq.; mushroom, buttery odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 198.30; sp.gr. 0.863-0.870; b.p. 225-229 C; flash pt. (CC) 195 F; ref. index 1.424-1.431 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 3424 mg/kg; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, hard and soft candy, puddings, beverages, dairy prods., chewing gum, sugar substitutes, cereals, confectionery, frostings, jams, jellies, mushroom flavors Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Octenylsuccinic anhydride CAS 26680-54-6 Synonyms: Dihydro-3-(octenyl)-2,5Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

furandione; 2,5-Furandione, dihydro-3(octenyl)-; n-Octenylsuccinic anhydride; OSA; n-OSA Empirical: C12H18O3 Formula: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH=CHCH2CHCH2C2O3 Properties: M.w. 210.27; dens. 1.0 (25 C); b.p. 168 C (10 mm); flash pt. (COC) 185 C; anionic Uses: Food starch modifier; thickener, emulsifier, and opacifier for food mixes Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Dixie http://www.dixiechemical.com; Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Milliken http://www.millikenchemical.com Trigon Chemie GmbH http://www.trigonde.com/ 1-Octenylsuccinic anhydride CAS 7757-96-2 Synonyms: 2,5-Furandione, dihydro-3-(1octenyl)-; Succinic anhydride, (1-octenyl)Empirical: C12H18O3 Properties: M.w. 210.27 Uses: Esterification agent in modified food starch; stabilizer and emulsifier in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892 Manuf./Distrib.: Trigon Chemie GmbH http://www.trigon-de.com/ n-Octenylsuccinic anhydride. See Octenylsuccinic anhydride Octic acid; Octoic acid; n-Octoic acid. See Caprylic acid Octoxynol-1 CAS 9002-93-1 (generic); 9004-87-9 (generic); 9036-19-5 (generic); 2315-67-5; EINECS/ELINCS 264-520-1 Synonyms: Ethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether; PEG-1 octyl phenyl ether; 2-[p-(1,1,3,3Tetramethylbutyl) phenoxy] ethanol Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Empirical: C16H26O2 Formula: C8H17C6H4OCH2CH2OH Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1800 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion and IV routes; experimental reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; eye and human skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx 1650

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Surfactant, adjuvant for pesticide use dilutions on growing crops Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.180; FDA approved for topicals Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Triton® X-15

aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium

Octoxynol-5 CAS 9002-93-1 (generic); 9004-87-9 (generic); 9036-19-5 (generic); 2315-64-2; 27176-99-4 Synonyms: Octyl phenol condensed with 5 moles ethylene oxide; Octyl phenol EO (5); 14-(Octylphenoxy)-3,6,9,12tetraoxatetradecan-1-ol; PEG-5 octyl phenyl ether; POE (5) octyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Empirical: C24H42O6 Formula: C8H17C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 5 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3800 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Triton® X-45

Octoxynol-9 CAS 9002-93-1 (generic); 9004-87-9 (generic); 9010-43-9 (generic); 9036-19-5 (generic); 42173-90-0 Synonyms: 26-(Octylphenoxy)3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-octaoxahexacosa-1-ol; PEG-9 octyl phenyl ether; PEG 450 octyl phenyl ether; POE (9) octyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Empirical: C32H58O10 Formula: C8H17C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 9 Properties: Pale yel. clear visc. liq., faint odor, bitter taste; sol. in benzene, toluene; misc. with water, alcohol, acetone; insol. in hexane; dens. 1.059-1.068; hyd. no. 85-101; cloud pt. 63-69 C; pH 6-8; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, detergent, wetting agent, emulsifier, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 178.3400; FDA approved for topicals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Universal Preserv-AChem http://www.upichem.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Triton® X-100; Triton® X-120

Octoxynol-8 CAS 2638-43-9; 3520-90-9; 9002-93-1 (generic); 9004-87-9 (generic); 9036-19-5 (generic); 9063-89-2 (generic) Synonyms: 23-(4-Octylphenoxy)3,6,9,12,15,18,21-heptaoxatricosan-1-ol; PEG-8 octyl phenyl ether; PEG 400 octyl phenyl ether; POE (8) octyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Empirical: C30H54O9 Formula: C8H17C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 8 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-

Octoxynol-13 CAS 9002-93-1 (generic); 9004-87-9 (generic); 9036-19-5 (generic); 108437-63-4 Synonyms: PEG-13 octyl phenyl ether; POE (13) octyl phenyl ether; 38-[4-(1,1,3,3Tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33,36dodecaoxaoctatriacontan-1-ol Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Empirical: C40H74O14 Formula: C8H17C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 13 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Triton® X-102 Octoxynol-30 CAS 9002-93-1 (generic); 9004-87-9 (generic); 9036-19-5 (generic); 9063-89-2 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-30 octyl phenyl ether; POE (30) octyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Formula: C8H17C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 30 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, dispersant, detergent, wetting agent, solubilizer, coupling agent for foods; surfactant, adjuvant for pesticide use dilutions on growing crops Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.180, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Triton® X-305-70% Octoxynol-40 CAS 9002-93-1 (generic); 9004-87-9 (generic); 9036-19-5 (generic); 9063-89-2 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-40 octyl phenyl ether; POE (40) octyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Formula: C8H17C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 40 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, detergent, wetting agent, dispersant, solubilizer, coupling agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 175.105, 176.180, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Triton® X-405-70% Octoxynol-70 CAS 9002-93-1 (generic); 9004-87-9 (generic); 9036-19-5 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-70 octyl phenyl ether; POE (70) octyl phenyl ether Classification: Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Formula: C8H17C6H4(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 70 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Emulsifier for food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.710, 176.180 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Triton® X-705-70% Octyl acetate CAS 112-14-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-939-6 FEMA 2806 Synonyms: Acetate C-8; Acetic acid octyl ester; Caprylyl acetate; 1-Octanol acetate; n-Octanyl acetate; 1-Octyl acetate; n-Octyl acetate; Octyl alcohol acetate Classification: Carboxylic acid ester Empirical: C10H20O2 Formula: CH3(CO2(CH2)7CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; floral-fruity odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, fixed oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 172.27; dens. 0.868; vapor dens. 5.9; m.p. 38.5 C; b.p. 199 C; flash pt. (CC) 86 C; ref. index 1.4180 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low oral toxicity; eye and sl. skin irritant; inh. of mist may cause nose/throat irritation; high concs. may cause CNS depression, drowsiness, headache, lightheadedness; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents (increases fire/explosion hazard), strong bases, strong acids (decomp. can occur) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: n-Octyl alcohol, acetic acid; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; keep containers closed; avoid generating mist; limit quantities in use Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Cargill 1652

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium 1-Octyl acetate. See Octyl acetate 3-Octyl acetate CAS 4864-61-3; EINECS/ELINCS 225-471-1 FEMA 3583 Synonyms: 1-Ethyl hexyl acetate; 3- Octanol acetate; Oct-3-yl ethanoate Empirical: C10H20O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; rosy minty odor; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol, fixed oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 172.27; sp. gr. 0.856-0.860; f.p. 190 C; acid no. 2.0 max.; ref. index 1.414 Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Apple-like, minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com n-Octyl acetate. See Octyl acetate 3-Octylacrolein. See 2-Undecenal β-Octyl acrolein. See 2-Dodecenal Octyl alcohol; n-Octyl alcohol. See Caprylic alcohol s-n-Octyl alcohol. See 2-Octanol Octyl alcohol acetate. See Octyl acetate Octylaldehyde; n-Octyl aldehyde. See n-Octanal Octyl butanoate. See Octyl butyrate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Octyl butyrate CAS 110-39-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-762-4 FEMA 2807 Synonyms: Butanoic acid octyl ester; Octyl butanoate; N-Octyl N-butyrate Empirical: C12H24O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2CO2(CH2)7CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol, dipropylene glycol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 200.32; dens. 0.862; m.p. -56 C; b.p. 224 C; flash pt. 218 F Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com N-Octyl N-butyrate. See Octyl butyrate γ-Octyl-γ-butyrolactone; γ-n-Octyl-γ-nbutyrolactone. See γ-Dodecalactone Octyl carbinol. See Nonyl alcohol Octyl crotonyl acetate. See 1,3-Nonanediol acetate, mixed esters Octyl diphenyl phosphate. See Diphenyl octyl phosphate Octyl enanthate. See Octyl heptanoate n-Octyl ester of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid. See Octyl gallate Oct-3-yl ethanoate. See 3-Octyl acetate Octyl formate CAS 112-32-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-959-5 FEMA 2809 Synonyms: Formic acid octyl ester; n-Octyl formate Empirical: C9H18O2 Formula: C8H17OOCH Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity odor; sol. in min. oil, fixed oils, propylene glycol; pract. insol. in glycerol; sol. 1 ml in 5 ml of 70% alcohol; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.877; b.p. 87-89 C (20 mm); 1653

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference flash pt. 171 F; ref. index 1.4180-1.4200 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Orange-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com n-Octyl formate. See Octyl formate Octyl 2-furancarboxylate. See Octyl 2-furoate Octyl 2-furoate CAS 39251-88-2; EINECS/ELINCS 254-378-9 FEMA 3518 Synonyms: Octyl 2-furancarboxylate Empirical: C13H20O3 Properties: Yel. liq.;sweet, fruity heavy odor; misc. with fat; insol. in water; m.w. 224.30; sp. gr. 0.988; b.p. 126-127 C (1 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4720 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Store refrigerated; store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Octyl gallate CAS 1034-01-1; EINECS/ELINCS 213-853-0 INS311 Synonyms: Gallic acid octyl ester; n-Octyl ester of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid; nOctyl gallate; Octyl 3,4,5trihydroxybenzoate; 3,4,5Trihydroxybenzoic acid octyl ester Classification: Aromatic ester Definition: Ester of octanol and gallic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C15H22O5 Properties: Wh. cryst.; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 282.34; m.p. 98-100 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1960 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 60 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; may cause sensitization by skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Antioxidant for foods, oils, fats, cereals, margarine Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110; Australian approved food additive; BP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Supelco http://www.sigmaaldrich.com n-Octyl gallate. See Octyl gallate Octyl heptanoate CAS 5132-75-2; EINECS/ELINCS 225-882-6 FEMA 2810 Synonyms: Heptanoic acid, octyl ester; Octyl enanthate; Octyl heptoate Empirical: C15H30O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity, sl. fatty odor; m.w. 242.41; sp.gr. 0.85200 (20 C); b.p. 290.8 C; flash pt. > 130 C; ref. index 1.43488 Toxicology: Nontoxic Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Octyl heptoate. See Octyl heptanoate n-Octylic acid. See Caprylic acid Octyl isobutyrate CAS 109-15-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-651-0 FEMA 2808 Synonyms: Acetyl 2-methyl propanoate; 2Methyl propanoic acid acetyl ester; 2Methyl propanoic acid octyl ester; N- Octyl isobutyrate; Octyl 2-methylpropanoate Empirical: C12H24O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; weak, fruity odor; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 200.32; sp.gr. 0.852-0.861; vapor dens. 6.8; b.p. 236-238 C (@ 1013 mBar); flash pt. 99 C; ref. index 1.418-1.426 1654

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: Eye and skin irritant; TSCA listed Environmental: Keep run-off out of water sources, sewers Precaution: Wear protective gloves, splashproof eye goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed containers Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Creamy, waxy, fruity, earthy, fatty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com N- Octyl isobutyrate. See Octyl isobutyrate Octyl isopentanoate. See Octyl isovalerate Octyl isovalerate CAS 7786-58-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-100-7 FEMA 2814 Synonyms: Isovaleric acid octyl ester; 3Methyl butanoic acid octyl ester; Octyl isopentanoate; Octyl isovalerianate; Octyl 3-methyl butanoate; Octyl 3-methyl butyrate Empirical: C13H26O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 214.35; dens. 0.862; b.p. 249-251 C; flash pt. > 230 F Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Octyl isovalerianate. See Octyl isovalerate Octyl methoxycinnamate CAS 5466-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 226-775-7 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: 2-Ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate; 2-Ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate; Ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate; 2Ethylhexyl 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2propenoate; 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2propenoic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester; 2Propenoic acid, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, 2ethylhexyl ester Definition: Ester of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol and methoxycinnamic acid Empirical: C18H26O3 Properties: M.w. 290.40; b.p. 185-195 C (1 mbar) Toxicology: Minimal eye irritation, mild skin irritation; TSCA listed Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com Trade Names: Protachem™ OMC Octyl-2-methylbutanoate. See Octyl 2methylbutyrate Octyl 3-methyl butanoate. See Octyl isovalerate Octyl 2-methylbutyrate CAS 29811-50-5 FEMA 3604 Synonyms: Octyl-2-methylbutanoate Empirical: C13H26O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 214.3; sp. gr. 0.8577; b.p. 250 C; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref. index 1.425 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, ice cream, hard and soft candy, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages, confectionery, frostings, dairy prods., chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Octyl 3-methyl butyrate. See Octyl isovalerate Octyl 2-methylpropanoate. See Octyl isobutyrate Octyl-octadecyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chlorides. See Benzalkonium chloride

1655

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Octyl octanoate CAS 2306-88-9; EINECS/ELINCS 218-980-5 FEMA 2811 Synonyms: 2-Ethylhexyl-2-ethylhexanoate Definition: Ester of 2-ethylhexanol and 2ethylhexanoic acid Empirical: C16H32O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)3CHCH2CH3COOCH2CHCH2CH3(CH2 )3CH3 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; fruity odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 256.424; sp. gr. 0.85900; b.p. 306-307 C; flash pt. (TCC) 283 F; ref. index 1.43500; surf. tension 30.0 ± 3.0 dyne/cm Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Octyl phenol condensed with 5 moles ethylene oxide; Octyl phenol EO (5). See Octoxynol-5 23-(4-Octylphenoxy)-3,6,9,12,15,18,21heptaoxatricosan-1-ol. See Octoxynol-8 26-(Octylphenoxy)-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24octaoxahexacosa-1-ol. See Octoxynol-9 14-(Octylphenoxy)-3,6,9,12-tetraoxatetradecan1-ol. See Octoxynol-5 Octyl phenylacetate CAS 122-45-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-545-7 FEMA 2812 Synonyms: Benzeneacetic acid, octyl ester; Octyl α-toluate Empirical: C16H24O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. visc. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; misc. with ethanol @ R.T.; m.w. 248.36; sp. gr. 0.950-0.956; ref. index 1.4791.487 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Rooty orange basil bois de rose odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Octyl propanoate; N-Octyl propanoate. See Octyl propionate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Octyl propionate CAS 142-60-9; EINECS/ELINCS 205-548-6 FEMA 2813 Synonyms: Octyl propanoate; N-Octyl propanoate; N-Octyl propionate; Propanoic acid octyl ester; Propionic acid octyl ester Definition: Ester of n-octanol and propionic acid Empirical: C11H22O2 Formula: C2H5CO2(CH2)7CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 186.30; sp. gr. 0.8700-0.87044 @ 15 C; b.p. 228 C; flash pt. 94 C; ref. index 1.4225 (20 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Low-foaming Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com N-Octyl propionate. See Octyl propionate Octyl sodium sulfate; Octyl sulfate sodium salt. See Sodium octyl sulfate Octyl α-toluate. See Octyl phenylacetate Octyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate. See Octyl gallate Octynecarboxylic acid methyl ester. See Methyl 2-nonynoate Oct-2-ynoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl 2octynoate ODO-L. See Caprylic/capric triglyceride Odorless kerosene. See Deodorized kerosene Odorless light petroleum hydrocarbons. See Petroleum hydrocarbons, odorless, light Oenanthal; Oenanthaldehyde. See Heptanal Oenanthic acid. See Heptanoic acid Oenanthic aldehyde. See Heptanal Oenanthic ether. See Ethyl heptanoate Oenanthol. See Heptanal Oenanthylic acid. See Heptanoic acid Oenanthylidene acetone. See 3-Decen-2-one Oil-furnace black. See Carbon black 'Oil garlic'. See Allyl sulfide Oil of grapes. See Ethyl heptanoate 1656

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Oil mist, mineral. See Mineral oil Oil of niobe. See Methyl benzoate Oil orange valencia 10-fold. See Orange oil terpeneless Oil of Palma Christi. See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Oils, avocado. See Avocado (Persea gratissima) oil Oils, babassu. See Babassu (Orbignya oleifera) oil Oils, jojoba. See Jojoba (Buxus chinensis) oil Oils, opopanax. See Opopanax (Opopanax chironium) oil Oils, palm. See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil Oils, palm, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated palm oil Oils, palm kernel. See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil Oils, palm kernel, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated palm kernel oil Oils, peanut, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated peanut oil Oils, rice bran. See Rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil Oils, vegetable. See Vegetable oil Oils, vegetable, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated vegetable oil Oil of wintergreen. See Methyl salicylate OIP; OIPP. See o-Isopropylphenol Okara. See Soy fiber Okenite. See Calcium silicate Olea europaea; Olea europaea oil. See Olive (Olea europaea) oil Oleamide CAS 301-02-0; EINECS/ELINCS 206-103-9 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenamide; Oleic acid amide; Oleyl amide Classification: Aliphatic amide Empirical: C18H35NO Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH:CH(CH2)7CONH2 Properties: Wh. waxy beads or ivory-colored powd.; insol. in water; m.w. 281.49; dens. 0.94; m.p. 72 C; iodine no. 80-95 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Release agent migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 178.3860, 178.3910, 179.45, 181.22, 181.28; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.akzonobel.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.c om; Chemron http://www.chemron.com Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Ferro http://www.ferro.com; Pilot http://www.pilotchemical.com/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vilax http://www.vilax.com Trade Names: Chemstat® HTSA #18; Kemamide® U Oleic acid CAS 112-80-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-007-1 FEMA 2815; INS570; E570 Synonyms: Elaic acid; 9-Octadecenoic acid; 9,10-Octadecenoic acid; cis-9-Octadecenoic acid; cis-Octadec-9-enoic acid; Oleinic acid; Red oil Classification: Aliphatic carboxylic acid; unsaturated fatty acid Empirical: C18H34O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH:CH(CH2)7COOH Properties: Colorless liq., odorless; darkens when exposed to oxygen; sol. in alcohol, ether, benzene, chloroform, fixed/volatile oils, oxygenated, chlorinated, and aromatic solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 282.47; dens. 0.895; vapor pressure 1 mm (176.5 C); m.p. 6 C; b.p. 286 C (100 mm); HLB 1.0; acid no. 196-204; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 74 g/kg, (IV, rat) 2400 µg/kg; poison by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; irritant to skin, mucous membranes; human eye and skin irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with Al and perchloric acid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Mfg. of food-grade additives; emulsifier, 1657

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference solubilizer, stabilizer, foam stabilizer, glazing agent, lubricant, binder, defoamer, coating agent in foods; dietary supplements; coatings on fresh citrus fruit; washing/lye peeling of fruits, vegetables; flume wash water additive for food processing; in defoamers for beet sugar, yeast processing; migrating to foods from paper/paperboard, from cotton in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.860, 172.862, 173.315 (0.1 ppm max. in wash water), 173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3910, 182.70, 182.90; Canada DSL; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for inhalants, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Biorganics; Anar http://anarsoapandchemical.com/; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BDH Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com Dover http://www.doverchem.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Genzyme http://www.genzyme.com; Geo. Pfau's Sons http://www.pfauoil.com; Georgia-Pacific/Actrachem http://www.gp.com/chemical; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Hercules http://www.herc.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Penn Bio-Organics http://www.pennbio.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.a sp; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welchholme-clark.com Trade Names: Emersol® 6313 NF; Emersol® 6321; Emersol® 6333; Glycon® O75 KFG; NAA-34 NAA-35; NAA-38; OL-700; OL-710 Trade Names Containing: DREWPOL® 10-10O; Phosal® 53 MCT Oleic acid aluminum salt. See Aluminum oleate Oleic acid amide. See Oleamide Oleic acid ammonium salt. See Ammonium oleate Oleic acid calcium salt. See Calcium oleate 1658

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Oleic acid glycerol monoester. See Glyceryl oleate Oleic acid, methyl ester, cis-; cis-Oleic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl oleate Oleic acid, monoester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 oleate Oleic acid, monoester with oxybis (propanediol). See Polyglyceryl-2 oleate Oleic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol. See Propylene glycol oleate Oleic acid, monoester with triglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-3 oleate Oleic acid monoglyceride. See Glyceryl oleate Oleic acid potassium salt. See Potassium oleate Olein. See Triolein Oleinic acid. See Oleic acid Oleol. See Oleyl alcohol Oleoresin allspice CAS 977017-87-0 FEMA 2019 Synonyms: Allspice oleoresin; Pimenta berries oleoresin; Pimenta officinalis oleoresin Definition: Obtained by solv. extraction of dried fruit of Pimenta officinalis Properties: Dk. yel.-brn.-greenish visc. liq.; sweet fresh spicy clove bay odor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Oleoresin basil CAS 977017-82-5 FEMA 2120 Synonyms: Basil oleoresin; Ocimum basilicum oleoresin Definition: Obtained by solv. extraction of the dried plant of Ocimum basilicum Properties: Dk. brn. or grn. semisolid; basil minty green tea odor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Oleoresin black pepper CAS 8002-56-0; EINECS/ELINCS 284-524-7 FEMA 2846 Synonyms: Black pepper oleoresin, Pepper oleoresin; Pepper, black, oleoresin; Pepper oleoresin, black; Piper nigrum oleoresin Definition: Obtained by solv. extraction of dried fruit of Piper nigrum Properties: Yel., dk. grn., olive grn., or olive drab liq. or semisolid; flash pt. (TCC) 132 F Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Features: Fresh ground blk. pepper odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Amcan Ingreds Int'l. http://www.amcan-ingredients.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/ Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Petigara Chems. http://www.petigara.com Oleoresin capsicum CAS 8023-77-6 FEMA 2234 Synonyms: Capsicin; Capsicum frutescens; Capsicum frutescens oleoresin (INCI); Capsicum frutescens resin; Capsicum oleoresin; Oleoresin capsicum Africanus Definition: Resinous material obtained by solv. extraction of dried pods of Capsicum frutescens Properties: Clear red to dk. red somewhat visc. liq., chili, musty, hay, tobacco, sweet herbal odor; char. flavor; sol. in ethyl ether, most veg. oils, most fixed oils; partly sol. in alcohol; insol. in water Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 3 g/kg, (IP, rat) 248 mg/kg Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, baked goods, chewing gum, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.345, 182.10, 182.20, 582.10, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; approved for orals; Canada DSL 1659

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Amcan Ingreds Int'l. http://www.amcan-ingredients.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; Petigara Chems. http://www.petigara.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Oleoresin capsicum Africanus. See Oleoresin capsicum Oleoresin cinnamon bark CAS 977091-23-8 Synonyms: Cinnamomum oleoresin; Cinnamon bark, oleoresin, Ceylon; Cinnamon bark, oleoresin, Chinese; Cinnamon bark, oleoresin, Saigon Definition: Obtained from Cinnamomum spp. Properties: Dk. brn. liq.; spicy wood, cinnamon odor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Oleoresin clove bud CAS 977017-85-8 FEMA 2324 Synonyms: Clove bud oleoresin; Eugenia caryophyllata oleoresin; Eugenia oleoresin Definition: Obtained from Eugenia caryophyllata or other spp. Properties: Brn. visc. liq.; clove bud odor Uses: Natural flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1257, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Oleoresin fenugreek CAS 977018-53-3 FEMA 2486 Synonyms: Fenugreek oleoresin; Trigonella foenum-graecum oleoresin Definition: Obtained by solvent extract of the Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dried seeds of fenugreek, Trigonella foenumgraecum, followed by repeated purification Properties: Lt. tan powd. to dk. brn. visc. semisolid; sweet roasted caramellic brn. maple odor, deep cocoa nuance; bitter taste; sol. in water Storage: Store airtight in cool, dry place; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, syrups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Benson http://www.bensoncompany.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; Petigara Chems. http://www.petigara.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Oleoresin ginger CAS 8002-60-6 FEMA 2523 Synonyms: Ginger oleoresin; Zingiber officinale oleoresin Definition: Obtained by solv. extraction of dried rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Properties: Dk. brn. visc. to highly visc. liq.; ginger earthy musty citrus odor; char. ginger flavor; cooling aftertaste; poor sol. in alcohol; sp. gr. 0.875-0.885; flash pt. (TCC) 200 F Storage: Store air-tight in cool, dry place; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments, meats, carbonated beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Petigara Chems. 1660

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.petigara.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Oleoresin labdanum CAS 977092-72-0 FEMA 2610 Synonyms: Labdanum oleoresin Definition: Derived from Cistus spp. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Oleoresin mace CAS 977010-60-8 FEMA 2654 Synonyms: Mace oleoresin; Myristica fragrans oleoresin Definition: Extract of aril or skin covering shell of nutmeg, Myristica fragrans Properties: Reddish-yel. free-flowing homogenous liq.; nutmeg aroma Toxicology: Irritant; avoid contact with skin and eyes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, condiments, meats, pickles Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Benson http://www.bensoncompany.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Petigara Chems. http://www.petigara.com Oleoresin marjoram CAS 977038-85-9 FEMA 2659 Synonyms: Marjorama hortensis oleoresin; Marjoram oleoresin Definition: Obtained by solv. extraction of the dried herb of Majorama hortensis Properties: Dk. grn. to brn. visc. liq. or semisolid; marjoram medicinal odor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Oleoresin paprika CAS 68917-78-2 FEMA 2834; INS160c Synonyms: Capsicum annum oleoresin; Paprika oleoresin Definition: Obtained by solv. extract of pods of Capsicum annum Properties: Deep red to deep purplish red visc. liq.; pungent spicy sweet capsicum hay tobacco odor; char. flavor; sol. in most fixed oils; partly sol. in alcohol; sp.gr. 0.91-1.05; b.p. > 400 F Toxicology: Skin irritant; may cause severe irritation to lungs or stomach on ing./inh.; may cause keratitis and conjunctivitis on overexposure to eyes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: May emit pungent fumes above 170 F NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in dry area @ 80 F; avoid exposure to sunlight for long periods Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.345, 182.20, 582.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; not permitted in food (EU); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceitera Tapatia; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Amcan Ingreds Int'l. http://www.amcaningredients.com; Benson http://www.bensoncompany.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Oleoresin parsley leaf CAS 8025-95-4 FEMA 2837 Synonyms: Parsley leaf oleoresin; Petroselinum crispum oleoresin Definition: Obtained by solv. extraction of the dried herb Petroselinum crispum Properties: Brn. to grn. liq. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Oleoresin parsley seed CAS 84012-33-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-677-1 1661

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FEMA 2837 Synonyms: Parlsey seed oleoresin; Petroselinum crispum oleoresin Definition: Obtained by solv. extraction of the dried seeds of Petroselinum crispum Properties: Deep grn. semivisc. liq.; parsley seed odor; flash pt. (TCC) 168 F Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Oleoresin rosemary CAS 977029-68-7 Synonyms: Rosemary oleoresin; Rosmarinus officinalis oleoresin Definition: Derived from Rosmarinus officinalis Properties: Dk. brnsh. yel. semisolid; fresh rosemary leaf odor; sp.gr. 0.9421-0.9621; ref. index 1.4757-1.4957 (20 C) Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; antioxidant/rancidity retarder in fats and oils, flavor stabilizer in foods, mayonnaise, soups, snack foods, sauces, fish, fried foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Oleoresin sage CAS 977029-66-5 FEMA 3002 Synonyms: Dalmatian sage oleoresin; Sage oleoresin; Sage oleoresin Dalmatian; Salvia officinalis; Salvia officinalis oleoresin; Salvia oleoresin Definition: Derived from Salvia officinalis Properties: Dk. greenish-brn. visc. liq.; sage earthy pine medicinal odor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Davos Chem. http://www.davos.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.frutarom.com Oleoresin summer savory CAS 977029-75-6 FEMA 3014 Synonyms: Satureja hortensis oleoresin; Savory oleoresin; Savory, summer, oleoresin; Summer savory oleoresin Definition: Derived from Satureja hortensis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, candy, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Oleoresin turmeric CAS 129828-29-1 FEMA 3087 Synonyms: Curcuma longa; Curcuma longa oleoresin; Turmeric oleoresin; Turmeric root oleoresin Definition: Obtained by solv. extraction of the dried rhizomes of Curcuma longa Properties: Bright yel. powd. or yel. orange to red brn. visc. liq.; soft spicy woody earth odor; mustard taste; misc. with water Toxicology: Human mutagenic data Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; appearance control agent for colorants and colorant modifiers in food; color modifier in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.615, 182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Benson http://www.bensoncompany.com; Brenntag Belgium http://www.brenntag.be; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; Medallion Int'l.; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Petigara Chems. http://www.petigara.com See also Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Oleoresin vanilla CAS 8023-78-7 FEMA 3106 1662

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Vanilla oleoresin; Vanilla oleoresin bali Definition: Derived from Vanilla spp. Properties: Sweet creamy vanilla odor, fruity resinous-caramel nuance; flash pt. (TCC) 162 F Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, condiments, vanilla extract and vanilla powd. flavoring Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.175, 169.179, 182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Oleovitamin A. Oleovitamin D. Oleoyl alcohol. Oleoylglycerol.

See Retinol See Ergocalciferol See Oleyl alcohol See Glyceryl oleate

Olestra CAS 121854-29-3 Definition: Mixt. of octa-, hepta-, and hexa-esters of sucrose with fatty acids derived from edible fats and oils; not absorbed by body; passes thru digestive tract without being used as energy source Uses: Fat/oil replacement in snacks, fried foods Features: Zero calorie Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.867 Oleth CAS 9004-98-2 (generic) Synonyms: Glycols, polyethylene, mono-9octadecenyl ether, (Z)-; Oleyl alcohol EO condensate; Oleyl alcohol ethoxylates; Oleyl polyoxyethylene glycol ether; Polyethylene glycol oleyl ether; Poly (oxy1,2-ethanediyl), α-9-octadecenyl-ω-hydroxy, (Z)-; Polyoxyethylene monooleyl ether; Polyoxyl oleyl ether Classification: Nonaromatic ether Definition: PEG ether of oleyl alcohol Empirical: (C2H4O)xC18H36O Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)8(OCH2CH2)nOH, n = 2-20 Properties: Pale yel. liq. to wh. waxy solid; HLB 4.9-15.3 (2-20 EO); nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 235 mg/kg; poison by IP route; eye irritant; may be reproductive effector; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompat. substances Uses: Ingred. in food Trade Names: Nofable EAO-80; Nofable EAO90; Nofable EAO-99 Oleth-9 CAS 9004-98-2 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-9 oleyl ether; PEG 450 oleyl ether; POE (9) oleyl ether Definition: PEG ether of oleyl alcohol Empirical: C36H72O10 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 9 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier for waxes used in coating citrus fruit Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.200, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Chemal OA-9 Oleth-20 CAS 9004-98-2 (generic); 25190-05-0 (generic) Synonyms: α-9-Octadecenyl-ω-hydroxypoly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), (Z); Oleyl alcohol EO (20); PEG-20 oleyl ether; PEG 1000 oleyl ether; POE (20) oleyl ether Definition: PEG ether of oleyl alcohol Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 20 Properties: HLB 15.3; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2770 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; irritating to eyes; may cause human reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier for waxes used in coating citrus fruit Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1210, 177.2800; FDA approved for topicals Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma1663

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Oleth-23 CAS 9004-98-2 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-23 oleyl ether; POE (23) oleyl ether Definition: PEG ether of oleyl alcohol Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 23 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier in fruit coating waxes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.180, 176.200, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Oleum abietis. See Pine (Pinus palustris) oil Oleum anisi. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil Oleum cadium. See Cade oil Oleum Gossypii seminis. See Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil Oleum neroli. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower water Oleum olivae. See Olive (Olea europaea) oil Oleum ricini. See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Oleyl alcohol CAS 143-28-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-597-3 Synonyms: Oceol; Octadecenol; 1Octadecenol; Octadec-9-en-1-ol; 9Octadecen-1-ol; cis-9-Octadecen-1-ol; (Z)Octadec-9-enol; (Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol; Oleol; Oleoyl alcohol; Oleyl fatty alcohol Classification: Unsaturated fatty alcohol Empirical: C18H36O Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)8OH Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily visc. liq., faint char. odor, bland taste; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 268.49; dens. 0.84; m.p. 13-19 C; b.p. 207 C (13 mm); acid no. 1 max.; iodine no. 85-95; hyd. no. 205-215; cloud pt. ≤ 10 C; flash pt. > 110 C; ref. index 1.4582 (27.5 C); Nonionic Toxicology: Human skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer, lubricant, antifoam, detergent, release Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

agent, coupling agent, solubilizer, cosolvent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.170, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1210, 177.2800, 178.3910; FDA approved for topicals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Lanaetex Prods.; M. Michel http://www.mmichel.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Nofable AO-80; Nofable AO-90; Nofable AO-99 Oleyl alcohol EO (20). See Oleth-20 Oleyl alcohol EO condensate; Oleyl alcohol ethoxylates. See Oleth Oleyl amide. See Oleamide Oleyl fatty alcohol. See Oleyl alcohol Oleyl monoglyceride. See Glyceryl oleate SE; Glyceryl oleate Oleyl oleate CAS 3687-45-4; EINECS/ELINCS 222-980-4 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, 9octadecenyl ester Definition: Ester of oleyl alcohol and oleic acid Empirical: C36H68O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COO(CH2)8CH=CH(C H2)7CH3 Properties: Yel. liq.; insol. in water; m.w. 532.94; m.p. 14-16 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: FDA approved for topicals; Canada 1664

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Nofable OO-9080; Nofable OO9090; Nofable OO-9980; Nofable OO-9990; Nofable OO-9999 Oleyl polyoxyethylene glycol ether. See Oleth Olibanum CAS 8050-07-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-474-1 Synonyms: Boswellia carterii gum; Boswellia carterii resin; Frankincense; Frankincense gum; Gum olibanum; Gum thus; Incense; Olibanum gum; Olibanum gum resin; Resin olibanum Definition: Gum resin obtained from Boswellia carterii; contains 3-8% volatile oil (pinene, dipentene, etc.), 60% resins, 20% gum (polysaccharide fraction), 6-8% bassorin Toxicology: Skin irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; chewing gum base (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk Olibanum (Boswellia carterii) extract CAS 89957-98-2; EINECS/ELINCS 289-620-2 Synonyms: Boswellia carterii; Boswellia carterii bark extract; Boswellia carterii extract; Frankincense extract; Incense extract; Olibanum extract Definition: Extract of the olibanum, Boswellia carterii Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Olibanum (Boswellia carterii) oil CAS 8050-07-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-474-1 FEMA 2816 Synonyms: Boswellia carterii birdw. resinoid; Frankincense oil; Olibanum resinoid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Definition: Oil derived from gum of the tree, Boswellia carterii Properties: Dark amber solid; pleasant balsamic odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; dens. 0.862-0.889; flash pt. 106 C; ref. index 1.465-1.482 (20 C) Toxicology: Skin irritant Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Olibanum extract. See Olibanum (Boswellia carterii) extract Olibanum gum; Olibanum gum resin. See Olibanum Olibanum resinoid. See Olibanum (Boswellia carterii) oil Olive oil. See Olive (Olea europaea) oil Olive (Olea europaea) oil CAS 8001-25-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-277-0 Synonyms: Azeite; Gomenoleo oil; Olea europaea; Olea europaea oil; Oleum olivae; Olive oil Definition: Fixed oil obtained from the ripe fruit of Olea europaea, contg. glycerides of oleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, and arachidic acid Properties: Yel. to lt. grnsh. liq., sl. olive odor, sl. char. taste; sl. sol. in alcohol; misc. with ether, chloroform, carbon disulfide; insol. in water; dens. 0.909-0.915 (25/25 C); m.p. -6 C; solid. pt. 17-26 C; iodine no. 79-88; sapon. no. 187196; flash pt. (CC) 437 F; ref. index 1.4661665

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1.468; becomes rancid on exposure to air Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 1320 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; human skin irritant; devoid of side effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers; some spontaneous heating Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Photosensitive Uses: Salad dressing and other foods Features: Oleaginous Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.200, 176.210, GRAS; Japan approved (olive); USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; F.H. Taussig http://fhtaussig.net/ Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Trade Names: Pure/Riviera Olive Oil NF Onion (Allium cepa) extract CAS 8054-39-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-498-2 Synonyms: Allium cepa; Allium cepa extract; Onion extract Definition: Extract of the bulbs of onion, Allium cepa Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Kalsec http://www.kalsec.com Trade Names Containing: Veg-Con Onion Onion (Allium cepa) juice Synonyms: Onion juice Trade Names Containing: Veg-Con Onion Onion (Allium cepa) oil CAS 8002-72-0 FEMA 2817 Synonyms: Allium cepa; Allium cepa oil; Onion oil Definition: Oil from steam distillation of bulbs of Allium cepa Properties: Amber clear liq.; strong pungent lasting odor, char. onion flavor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, alcohol; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol Toxicology: Skin irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; 1666

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Onion extract. See Onion (Allium cepa) extract Onion juice. See Onion (Allium cepa) juice Onion oil. See Allyl propyl disulfide; Onion (Allium cepa) oil Onion powder Definition: Derived from the bulb of Allium cepa Uses: Seasoning Manuf./Distrib.: Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Rye Sour (Culture) Onyx. See Quartz Ooctanoic acid 1-ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl ester. See Linalyl octanoate Oolong tea extract. See Tea (Thea sinensis) extract Opalwax. See Hydrogenated castor oil Opobalsam. See Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) Opopanax chironium. See Opopanax (Opopanax chironium) oil; Opopanax gum Opopanax chironium oil. See Opopanax (Opopanax chironium) oil Opopanax gum CAS 9000-78-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-558-8 Synonyms: Bisabolmyrrh; Opopanax chironium; Opoponax resin Definition: Gum resin from Opopanax chironium Properties: Reddish, ylsh.-brn. solid; strong, disagreeable odor; acrid, bitter, balsamic taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; flash pt (TCC) 117 F Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Canada DSL Opopanax oil. See Opopanax (Opopanax chironium) oil Opopanax (Opopanax chironium) oil CAS 8021-36-1 Synonyms: Balsamodendro kafal oil; Bisabolmyrrh oil; Oils, opopanax; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Opopanax chironium; Opopanax chironium oil; Opopanax oil Definition: Oil derived from Opopanax chironium Properties: Amber-yel. liq.; sweet balsam spicy warm wine animal odor; sp.gr. 0.8650-0.9320; dens. 7.198-7.755 lb/gal; ref. index 1.4881.504 (20 C) Toxicology: Sensitizing potential Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.001% (tobacco) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Opoponax resin. See Opopanax gum OPP. See o-Phenylphenol Optal. See Propyl alcohol Orange B CAS 15139-76-1; EINECS/ELINCS 239-201-5 Synonyms: Acid orange 137; CI 19235; 1-(4Sulfophenyl)-3-ethylcarboxy-4-(4sulfonaphthylazo)-5-hydroxypyrazole Classification: Pyrazolone color Empirical: C22H16N4Na2O9S2 Properties: Dull orange cryst.; m.w. 590.49 Toxicology: Mutagen Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Colorant for surfaces and casings of frankfurters or sausages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §74.250; permanently listed; not permitted in food (EU) Orange, bitter, extract. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) extract Orange, bitter, oil. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) oil Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) extract CAS 84012-28-2 FEMA 2821 Synonyms: Citrus aurantium dulcis fruit extract; Citrus dulcis; Citrus sinensis extract; Orange extract; Orange fruit extract Definition: Extract of the fruit of the orange, Citrus aurantium dulcis Properties: Amber-yel. liq.; sol. in ethyl alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.840-0.650; ref. index 1.455-1.475 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL 1667

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower oil CAS 8016-38-4; 8028-48-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-433-8 Synonyms: Citrus aurantium dulcis; Citrus aurantium dulcis flower oil; Citrus aurantium dulcis oil; Neroli bigarade oil; Neroli bigarade oil, Tunisian; Neroli oil; Neroli oil, Tunisian; Orange flower oil; Orange flowers oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained from flowers of the orange tree, Citrus aurantium dulcis Properties: Ylsh. fluorescent liq., very intense pleasant odor; becomes brn. on exposure to light; sol. in 1.5-2 vols 80% alcohol; sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.86-0.88 (25/25 C); ref. index 1.475 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4550 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com; U.S. Synthetics; Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower water CAS 8030-28-2 FEMA 2820 Synonyms: Citrus dulcis; Eau d'oranger; Neroli oil; Oleum neroli; Orange flower oil; Orange flower water; Orange leaf absolute; petitgrain Orange absolute Definition: Aq. sol'n. of the odoriferous principles of the flowers of the orange, Citrus aurantium var. dulcis; constituents are limonene, llinalool, geraniol, linalyl acetate (7-18%), some methyl anthranilate, nerol, neroli camphor Properties: Ylsh. fluorescent liq.; turns brown on exposure to light; very intense, pleasant odor; sol. in DMSO, 95% ethanol, acetone; sol. < 1 mg/ml in water; sp.gr. 0.86-0.88; flash pt. > 93.3 C; ref. index 1.475 (20 C); pH neutral or sl. acid to litmus; volatile Precaution: Probably combustible Storage: Store refrigerated; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil CAS 8008-57-9 FEMA 2821; 2825 Synonyms: Citrus oil; Citrus sinensis oil; Citrus sinensis peel oil; 5-Fold orange oil; Neat oil of sweet orange; Orange oil; Orange oil, coldpressed; Orange peel oil; Orange peel, sweet, oil; Sweet orange oil; Sweet orange peel oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained by expression from the fresh peel of the ripe fruit Citrus sinensis, contg. mainly (+)-limonene Properties: Yel. to deep orange liq., char. orange odor and taste; sol. in 2 vols 90% alcohol, 1 vol glac. acetic acid; sl. sol. in water; misc. with abs. alcohol, carbon disulfide; dens. 0.8420.846; ref. index 1.472 (20 C) Toxicology: TDLo (oral, mouse, 40 wks intermittent) 67 g/kg; skin irritant; inh. or frequent contact may cause headache, dizziness, shortness of breath, allergic reaction in hypersensitive persons; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep well closed, cool, protected from light 1668

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Natural flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, color enhancer in foods, beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.230, 182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed, no restrictions; FDA approved for orals; BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Florida Chem. http://www.floridachemical.com; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; U.S. Synthetics; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Citreatt Orange 3111; Citreatt Orange 6110; Cold Pressed Orange Oil Trade Names Containing: Lemalta Flavor® Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) peel extract CAS 8028-48-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-433-8 FEMA 2825 Synonyms: Citrus aurantium dulcis; Citrus aurantium dulcis peel extract; Citrus dulcis; Orange peel extract; Sweet orange peel extract Definition: Extract of the peel of oranges, Citrus aurantium dulcis Properties: Deep orange-red liq.; insol. in water; flash pt. 112 F (TCC) Precaution: Wear safety goggles and chemical protective gloves; incompat. with moisture, light, heat, strong oxidizing agents, strong Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

reducing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly sealed and preferably full containers in cool, dry and ventilated area protected from heat and light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; BP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Orange crystals. See 2´-Acetonaphthone Orange (Ctrus aurantium dulcis) flower extract CAS 8028-48-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-433-8 FEMA 2825 Synonyms: Citrus aurantium dulcis; Citrus aurantium dulcis extract; Citrus aurantium dulcis flower extract; Citrus dulcis; Orange flower extract Definition: Extract of the flowers of the orange, Citrus aurantium dulcis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; Japan approved (orange flower) Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Orange extract. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) extract Orange extract, bitter. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) extract Orange fiber Uses: Dietary fiber in foods Trade Names: Vitacel® OF 400/30 Orange flower extract. See Orange (Ctrus aurantium dulcis) flower extract Orange flower oil; Orange flowers oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower oil Orange flower water. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower water Orange fruit extract. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) extract Orange leaf absolute. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower water Orange leaf oil, bitter; Orange leaf water, 1669

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference absolute. See Petitgrain oil Orange mandarin oil. See Mandarin orange oil Orange oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil; Phenethyl alcohol Orange oil, bitter. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) oil Orange oil, coldpressed. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil Orange oil, distilled FEMA 2821 Synonyms: Citrus sinensis; Citrus sinensis oil, distilled Definition: Oil from steam distillation of fresh peel of Citrus sinensis Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., fresh orange peel odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, alcohol; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Orange oil terpeneless CAS 68606-94-0 FEMA 2821; 2822; 2825; 2826 Synonyms: Citrus sinensis; Citrus sinensis oil terpeneless; Oil orange valencia 10-fold Definition: From Citrus sinensis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, condiments, tobacco prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com Orange oil terpenes ex-5-fold. See d-Limonene Orange peel, bitter, extract. See Bitter orange Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract Orange peel, bitter, oil. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) oil Orange peel extract. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) peel extract Orange peel extract, bitter. See Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) peel extract Orange peel oil; Orange peel, sweet, oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil Orange peel tincture. See Orange tincture Orange terpenes. See d-Limonene Orange tincture Synonyms: Orange peel tincture; Tincture of orange Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.0075-0.9% (orals) Regulatory: BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Asiamerica Int'l.; Biologos http://www.biologos.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Orange yellow S. See FD&C Yellow No. 6 Orcein. See Citrus red no. 2; Orchil Orchidee. See Isoamyl salicylate Orchil CAS 1400-62-0 E121 Synonyms: CI natural red 28; Citrus red 2; Lacmus; Orcein Empirical: C28H24N2O7 Properties: Dk. brn. crystals; m.w. 500.51 Toxicology: Harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin Precaution: Wear protective clothing and selfcontained breathing apparatus Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx and NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container Uses: Colorant in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Sigma-Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Oregano CAS 977138-70-7 FEMA 2827 Synonyms: Lippia; Mexican oregano; Oreganum; Origan Definition: From Lippia spp. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; processing aid in foods (Japan) Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR 1670

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference §101.22, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (oregano extract) Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com Oreganum. See Oregano Organosiloxane; Organosiloxanes. See Silicone Origan. See Oregano Origanol. See 4-Carvomenthenol Origanum dictamnus. See Dittany of Crete Origanum majorana; Origanum majorana oil. See Sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana) oil Origanum oil CAS 8007-11-2; 90131-59-2; EINECS/ELINCS 290-371-7 FEMA 2828 Synonyms: Origanum oil, Spanish; Spanish origanum oil; Thymus capitatus; Thymus capitatus oil Definition: Oil from steam distillation of the herb Thymus capitatus; main constituent in carvacrol Properties: Yel. to dk. red-brn. liq.; pungent spicy odor of thyme oil; warm burning flavor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol, min. oil; insol. in glycerin; dens. 0.935-0.960; ref. index 1.502 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1850 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 320 mg/kg; poison by skin contact; mod. toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/ Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Origanum oil, Spanish. See Origanum oil Origanum vulgare; Origanum vulgare extract. See Wild marjoram extract γ-Orizanol. See Oryzanol Orris (Iris florentina) extract CAS 90045-89-9; 977096-43-7; EINECS/ELINCS 289-954-9 FEMA 2830 Synonyms: Iris florentina; Iris florentina root extract; Orris root extract; White flag extract Definition: Extract of the roots of the orris, Iris florentina Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Orris (Iris pallida) extract CAS 90045-90-2; EINECS/ELINCS 289-955-4 Synonyms: Iris pallida root extract; Orris root extract Definition: Extract of the roots of Iris pallida Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Gallaher Group http://www.gallaher-group.com Orris root extract CAS 90045-89-9; EINECS/ELINCS 289-954-9 FEMA 2830 Synonyms: Iris florentina extract; White flag extract Definition: Extract of Iris florentina or I. pallida Properties: Violet-like odor with a fruity undertone Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (orris) Manuf./Distrib.: Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com See also Orris (Iris florentina) extract; Orris (Iris pallida) extract Orthoboric acid. See Boric acid Orthocresol. See o-Cresol Orthohydroxybenzoic acid. See Salicylic acid Orthohydroxydiphenyl; Orthophenylphenol. See o-Phenylphenol Orthophosphoric acid. See Phosphoric acid Oryzanin; Oryzanine. See Thiamine Oryzanol CAS 11042-64-1 Synonyms: γ-Orizanol; γ-Oryzanol; OZ; β-OZ Definition: Ester of ferulic acid and a terpene alcohol; derived from rice bran oil Empirical: C40H58O4 Properties: Wh. or sl. ylsh. powd. or cryst.; little or no odor; tasteless; insol. in water; m.w. 602.98; m.p. 135-137 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 25 g/kg, (IV, rat) 382 mg/kg, (skin, rat) 100 mg/kg; may cause eye and skin irritation; reproductive effector Precaution: Wear splash goggles, dust respirator, protective gloves, and lab coat HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, well-ventilated area Uses: UV absorber, antioxidant for foods Manuf./Distrib.: Ikeda http://www.ikedabussan.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com γ-Oryzanol. See Oryzanol Oryza sativa. See Rice (Oryza sativa) bran; Rice (Oryza sativa) bran extract; Rice (Oryza sativa) starch; Rice (Oryza sativa) wax; Rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil Oryza sativa bran. See Rice (Oryza sativa) bran Oryza sativa bran extract. See Rice (Oryza Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sativa) bran extract Oryza sativa bran wax. See Rice (Oryza sativa) wax Oryza sativa starch. See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch OSA; n-OSA. See Octenylsuccinic anhydride Ossein. See Collagen Otto of rose. See Rose oil Ovoester. See Astaxanthin Ovum. See Egg powder; Dried egg yolk; Egg yolk extract 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane. See Morpholine 7-Oxabicyclo (2.2.1) heptane, 1-methyl-4-(1methylethyl)-. See 1,4-Cineole 2-Oxabicyclo (2.2.2) octane, 1,3,3-trimethyl-. See Eucalyptol 1-Oxacycloheptadec-7-en-2-one; Oxacycloheptadec-8-en-2-one, (Z)-. See Ambrettolide 1-Oxa-2-cyclohexadecanone; Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one. See Pentadecalactone Oxacyclopropane. See Ethylene oxide 3-Oxa-1-heptanol. See Butoxyethanol Oxane. See Ethylene oxide 1-Oxaspiro-2,6,10,10-tetramethyl(4.5)dec-6-ene. See Theaspirane 1,3-Oxathiane, 2-methyl-4-propyl. See 2-Methyl4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane Ox bile Uses: Nutritive food additive Trade Names: Desiccated Ox Bile Trade Names Containing: Iron Bile Salts Ox bile extract CAS 361-09-1; 8008-63-7; EINECS/ELINCS 206643-5 Synonyms: Cholic acid, monosodium salt; Cholic acid sodium salt; Purified oxgall; Sodium cholate; Sodium cholic acid Definition: Purified portion of the bile of an ox Empirical: C24H39NaO5 Properties: Ylsh.-green soft solid, partly sweet/partly bitter disagreeable taste; m.w. 430.57 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2400 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 164 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by IP and IV routes; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Surfactant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1560, GRAS; 1672

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Extract of Ox Bile NF XI 7-Oxepanone, 7-butyl-. See Butyloxepanone Oxidase glucose. See Glucose oxidase Oxidized L-cysteine. See L-Cystine Oxidized polyethylene (INCI). See Polyethylene, oxidized Oxidized starch. See Starch, oxidized Oxidoethane; α,β-Oxidoethane. See Ethylene oxide 1,8-Oxido-p-menthane. See Eucalyptol Oxirane. See Ethylene oxide Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 3-methyl-3-phenyl-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Oxirane, methyl-, homopolymer. See Polypropylene glycol β-Oxobenzenepropanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl benzoylacetate 2-Oxobornane. See Camphor 2-Oxobutane. See Methyl ethyl ketone 3-Oxo-butanoic acid butyl ester. See Butyl acetoacetate 3-Oxobutanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethylacetoacetate 3-Oxobutan-2-yl butyrate. See Butan-3-one-2-yl butyrate 4-(3-Oxobutyl)phenyl acetate. See 4-(pAcetoxyphenyl)-2-butanone 3-Oxobutyric acid 3-methylbutyl ester. See Isoamyl acetoacetate 2-Oxochroman. See Dihydrocoumarin 3-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,2-benzisothiazole-1,1dioxide. See Saccharin α-Oxodiphenylmethane. See Benzophenone 2-Oxoglutaric acid; α-Oxoglutaric acid. See αKetoglutaric acid 3-Oxo-1-gulofuranolactone. See L-Ascorbic acid α-1-(Oxooctadecyl)-ω-hydroxypoly (oxy-1,2ethanediyl). See PEG stearate 2-Oxopentanedioic acid. See α-Ketoglutaric Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acid 4-Oxopentanoic acid. See Levulinic acid 4-Oxopentanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl levulinate 3-Oxo-2-(2-pentenyl) cyclopentaneacetic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl jasmonate 3-oxo-2-(2-cis-pentenyl)cyclopentaneacetic acid methyl ester. See cis-Methyl jasmonate 3-Oxo-2-pentylcyclopentaneacetic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl dihydrojasmonate 2-Oxopropanal. See Pyruvaldehyde 2-Oxopropanoic acid. See Pyruvic acid 2-Oxopropanoic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium pyruvate 2-Oxopropionic acid. See Pyruvic acid 4-Oxovaleric acid; 4-Oxo-n-valeric acid. See Levulinic acid p-Oxybenzaldehyde. See pHydroxybenzaldehyde Oxybenzene. See Phenol 1,1´-Oxybisbenzene. See Diphenyl oxide 2,2´-[Oxybis (2,1-ethanediyloxy)] bisethanol; 2,2´-(Oxybis (ethyleneoxy)) diethanol. See PEG-4 1,1´-[Oxybis (methylene)] bis [benzene]. See Benzyl ether 4-(Oxybutyl)phenyl Acetate. See 4-(pAcetoxyphenyl)-2-butanone Oxyethylidenediphosphonic acid. See Etidronic acid Oxygen CAS 7782-44-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-956-9 UN 1014 (DOT); UN 1072 (DOT); UN 1073 (DOT); INS948; E948 Synonyms: Molecular oxygen; Oxygene Classification: Inorganic gas Empirical: O2 Formula: O=O Properties: Colorless gas; odorless; sol. in water; m.w. 32.00; dens. 1.429 g/l (0 C); m.p. 218 C; b.p. -183 C Toxicology: TCLo (inh., human, 14 h) 100 pph; human systemic effects by inh. (cough, pulmonary changes); nontoxic as gas; liq. can cause severe burns and tissue damage on contact due to extreme cold; human teratogenic effects by inh. (developmental abnormalities of fetal cardiovascular system); mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Oxidizer; nonflamm. itself, but essential to combustion; liq. can explode on contact with readily oxidizable 1673

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference materials; violent reactions possible NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Packing gas in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html; Praxair http://www.praxair.com; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp Oxygene. See Oxygen Oxymethylene. See Formaldehyde Oxyneurine. See Betaine Oxyphenalon; Oxyphenylon. See 4-(pHydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone Oxypropylated cellulose. See Hydroxypropylcellulose Oxystearin CAS 8028-45-3 INS387 Definition: Mixt. of the glycerides of partially oxidized stearic and other fatty acids Properties: Tan to lt. brn. waxy solid, bland taste; sol. in ether, hexane, chloroform; acid no. 15 max.; iodine no. 15 max.; sapon. no. 225-240; hyd. no. 30-45; ref. index 1.465 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Crystallization inhibitor, sequestrant, antioxidant, release agent in foods, salad and cooking oils; in defoamers for beet sugar and yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §169.115, 169.140, 169.150, 172.818 (limitation 0.125% of oils; must conform to FDA specs for fats or fatty acids derived from edible oils), 173.340, 176.170 m-Oxytoluene. See m-Cresol o-Oxytoluene. See o-Cresol p-Oxytoluene. See p-Cresol OZ; β-OZ. See Oryzanol Ozocerite. See Ozokerite Ozokerite CAS 8021-55-4; 12198-93-5; 8001-75-0; EINECS/ELINCS 265-134-6 Synonyms: Ceresin; Fossil wax; Mineral wax; Ozocerite; Ozokerite wax Classification: Hydrocarbon wax Definition: Hydrocarbon wax derived from mineral or petroleum sources Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Yel.-brown to black or green translucent (pure), noxious odor; sol. in lt. petrol. hydrocarbons, benzene, turpentine, kerosene, ether, carbon disulfide; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.85-0.95; m.p. 55-110 C (usually 70 C) Toxicology: No known toxicity; skin and eye irritant Precaution: Combustible Uses: Natural chewing gum base Regulatory: Japan approved; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com U.S. Synthetics Ozokerite wax. See Ozokerite Ozone CAS 10028-15-6 Synonyms: Triatomic oxygen Classification: Inorganic gas Empirical: O3 Properties: Unstable colorless gas or dk. blue liq., pungent char. odor; m.w. 48.00; dens. 2.144 g/l (gas), 1.614 g/ml (liq., -195.4 C); m.p. -193 C; b.p. -111.9 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA CL 0.1 ppm; LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) 4800 ppm; primary irritant; skin, eye, upper respiratory, mucous membrane irritant; human poison by inh., systemic effects (lacrimation, headache, dec. pulse rate, dec. blood pressure, dermatitis, cough, dyspnea, pulmonary changes); questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen, tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Powerful highly reactive oxidizing agent; severe explosion hazard in liq. form when shocked, exposed to heat or flame, or in conc. form by reaction with powerful reducing agents; incompat. with rubber Uses: Antimicrobial, color remover, 1674

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference taste/odor control agent for treating bottled drinking water; processing aid for foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.368, 184.1563, GRAS; Japan approved PA 12. See Nylon 12 PAA. See Phenylacetaldehyde; Peracetic acid; Polyacrylamide; Polyacrylic acid PAAS. See Sodium polyacrylate PABA (INCI). See p-Aminobenzoic acid PADMA. See Phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal Painters naphtha. See VM&P naphtha PAL. See L-Phenylalanine Palaquium leiocarpum. See Gutta hang kang (Palaquium leiocarpum) Palladium CAS 7440-05-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-115-6 Classification: Metallic element Empirical: Pd Properties: Silvery wh. ductile metal; insol. in water; sol. in aqua regia, fused alkalis; insol. in org. acids; at.wt. 106.4; dens. 12.02 (20/4 C); m.p. 1555 C; b.p. 3167 C; hardness (Mohs) 4.8 Toxicology: May be a skin sensitizer; can interfere with enzymatic functions when taken intravenously; TSCA listed Precaution: Dust can be fire and explosion hazard; violent reactions with Al, H2, IPA, S2; attacked by hot conc. nitric acid, boiling sulfuric acid Uses: Catalyst for hydrogenation of solvents for prep. of hops for beer making Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.560; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Colonial Metals http://www.colonialmetals.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Johnson Matthey http://www.matthey.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) extract CAS 977091-47-6 Synonyms: Cymbogon martini; Cymbogon martini extract; East Indian geranium extract; Geranium, East Indian, extract; Palmarosa extract Definition: Extract from Cymbopogon martini Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) oil CAS 8014-19-5 FEMA 2831 Synonyms: Cymbopogon martini oil; East Indian geranium oil; Geranium, East Indian, oil; Geranium oil, East Indian; Geranium oil, Turkish; Palmarosa oil Definition: Oil derived from steam distillation of the grass, Cymbopogon martini; main constituent is geraniol Properties: Yel. oily liq.; sweet rose-like odor with herbaceous undertone; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol, min. oil; insol. in glycerin; dens. 0.879-0.892; ref. index 1.473 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Palmarosa extract. See Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) extract Palmarosa oil. See Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) oil Palm butter. See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil CAS 8023-79-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-425-4 Synonyms: Elaeis guineensis; Elaeis guineensis seed oil; Oils, palm kernel; Palm kernel oil 1675

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Oil obtained from seeds of Elaeis guineensis Properties: Ylsh. fatty solid, char. sweet nutty flavor; dens. 0.95 kg/l; m.p. 26-30 C; iodine no. 14-19; sapon. no. 240-250 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Coating agent, emulsifier, formulation aid, texturizer in foods, confections, margarine; hard oil for confectionery use Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.200, 176.210, GRAS; BP compliance (fractionated); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Alba Int'l.; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com Trade Names: Cebes® 21-20 Trade Names Containing: Cebes® 21-25; CLSP 499; Freedom™ 875; Freedom™ 905; Freedom™ 910 Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil CAS 8002-75-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-316-1 Synonyms: Elaeis guineensis; Elaeis guineensis oil; Oils, palm; Palm butter; Palm grease; Palm oil Definition: Natural oil obtained from pulp of the fruit of Elaeis guineensis; chiefly palmitin with some stearin, linolein Properties: Yel.-brown buttery, edible solid at R.T.; faint odor of violet; sol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, carbon disulfide; dens. 0.952; m.p. 26-30 C; iodine no. ≈ 15; sapon. no. ≈ 247; ref. index 1.453-1.459 Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat) 55 g/kg; experimental teratogen, reproductive effector; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Coating agent, emulsifier, lubricant, formulation aid, texturizer in foods, margarine; food shortening Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800, GRAS; Canada Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Alba Int'l.; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; ChemSupply http://www.chemsupply.com.au; Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com Croda Singapore http://www.croda.com.sg; Fuji Oil Europe http://www.fujioileurope.com/; J.W. Pike Ltd; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Natural Oils Int'l. http://www.naturaloils.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welchholme-clark.com Trade Names: Durkex™ NT 100; Lipovol PAL; Marbase 2209™; Revel A Trade Names Containing: Freedom™ 540; Freedom™ 875; Freedom™ 905; Freedom™ 910; Freedom™ IC 600 Palm glyceride CAS 97553-32-7; EINECS/ELINCS 307-189-1 Synonyms: Glycerides, palm oil mono-; Palm oil glyceride Definition: Monoglyceride derived from palm oil Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier for foods Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Myverol® 18-35K Palm glycerides CAS 91744-64-8; 129521-59-1; EINECS/ELINCS 294-628-4 Synonyms: Glycerides, palm oil mono-, diand triDefinition: Mixt. of mono-, di-, and triglycerides 1676

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference derived from palm oil Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant in foods, coffee whiteners Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Palm grease. See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil Palmitamide Synonyms: Palmitic acid amide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Release agent migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 178.3910, 181.28 Palmitic acid CAS 57-10-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-312-9 FEMA 2832; INS570; E570 Synonyms: Cetylic acid; Hexadecanoic acid; n-Hexadecoic acid; Hexadecylic acid; 1Pentadecanecarboxylic acid Classification: Aliphatic organic compd.; saturated fatty acid Definition: A mixt. of solid organic acids Empirical: C16H32O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)14COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. scales, sl. char. odor/taste; sol. in hot alcohol, ether, propyl alcohol, chloroform, oxygenated, aromatic, and chlorinated solvs.; sl. sol. in cold alcohol, petrol. ether; insol. in water; m.w. 256.42; dens. 0.853 (62/4 C); m.p. 63-64 C; b.p. 215 C (15 mm); ref. index 1.4273 (80 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 57 mg/kg; acute poison by IV route; human skin irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Lubricant, binder, defoamer in foods; mfg. of food-grade additives; coatings on fresh citrus fruit Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.860, 173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3910; Canada DSL; must conform to FDA specs for fats or fatty acids derived from edible oils; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Am. Biorganics; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Genzyme http://www.genzyme.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Imperial-OEL-Import http://www.imperialoel-import.de; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: NAA-160; NAA-171; V-1695 Trade Names Containing: Emersol® 7036; V1677

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1655 Palmitic acid, aluminum salt. See Aluminum palmitate Palmitic acid amide. See Palmitamide Palmitic acid sodium salt. See Sodium palmitate Palmitic sucrose ester. See Sucrose palmitate Palmitin. See Tripalmitin 6-O-Palmitoylascorbic acid; Palmitoyl Lascorbic acid. See Ascorbyl palmitate

calcined. See Attapulgite Panama bark; Panama bark extract; Panama wood extract. See Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria)

Palm oil triglycerides CAS 129521-59-1 Synonyms: Palm kernel oil triglycerides Uses: Defoaming agents used in the manufacture of paper and paperboard in foodcontact paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210 Trade Names: Toffix® P

Pancreatin CAS 8049-47-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-468-9 Definition: Mixt. of enzymes obtained from the fresh pancreas of animals Properties: Cream to yel. amorphous powder; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg, (IP, rat) 2550 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 3870 mg/kg; mod. toxic by subcut. and IP routes; irritant; sensitizer; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural enzyme for hydrolysis of proteins or polypeptides into proteoses and derived substances, for use in foods, egg whites, instant cereals, starch; nutrient; digestive enzyme; animal feed digestion aid Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1583, GRAS; Canada, Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Bioiberica http://www.bioiberica.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Scientific Protein Labs http://www.spl-pharma.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/

Palygorscite; Palygorskite; Palygorskite,

Pansy extract. See Pansy (Viola tricolor) extract

1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-stearin CAS 2190-27-4 Classification: Triglyceride Definition: Cocoa butter substitute primarily from palm oil Properties: Clear color, free from rancid odor and taste Uses: Cocoa butter substitute in confections, frostings, soft candy coatings, sweet sauces Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1259, GRAS Palmityl alcohol. See Cetyl alcohol Palmityl trimethyl ammonium chloride. See Cetrimonium chloride Palm kernel oil. See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil Palm kernel oil, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated palm kernel oil Palm kernel oil triglycerides. See Palm oil triglycerides Palm methyl ester. See Methyl soyate Palm oil. See Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil Palm oil glyceride. See Palm glyceride Palm oil glyceride, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated palm glyceride Palm oil, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated palm oil Palm oil sucroglyceride Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant for fats/oils, texturizer in foods, baked goods

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Pansy (Viola tricolor) extract CAS 84012-42-0; EINECS/ELINCS 281-687-6 Synonyms: Pansy extract; Viola tricolor; Viola tricolor extract; Wild pansy extract Definition: Extract obtained from Viola tricolor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Panthenol (INCI). See D-Panthenol D-Panthenol CAS 81-13-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-327-3 Synonyms: Dexpanthenol; 2,4-Dihydroxy-N-(3hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethylbutanamide; d(+)-2,4-Dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3dimethylbutyramide; Panthenol (INCI); d(+)Panthenol; D-Panthenol alcohol; Pantothenol; d-Pantothenol; Pantothenyl alcohol; d-Pantothenyl alcohol; Provitamin B5 Classification: Alcohol Empirical: C9H19NO4 Formula: HOCH2C(CH3)2CH(OH)CONH(CH2)2CH2OH Properties: Visc. oily liq., sl. bitter taste; freely sol. in water, alcohol, methanol, ether; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in glycerin; m.w. 205.29; dens. 1.2 (20/20 C); b.p. 118-120 C; easily dec. on distillation; ref. index 1.500 (20 C); pH 9.5 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 15 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 9 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 7000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; irritating to skin and eyes; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, animal feeds; digestive aid Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.480, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: BASF http://www.basf.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com d(+)-Panthenol. See D-Panthenol DL-Panthenol CAS 16485-10-2 Synonyms: Dexpanthenol; 2,4-Dihydroxy-N-(3hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethylbutanamide; Pantothenol; DL-Pantothenyl; Pantothenyl alcohol; DL-Pantothenyl alcohol; Provitamin B5; Racemic pantothenyl alcohol Classification: Alcohol Empirical: C9H19NO4 Formula: HOCH2C(CH3)2CH(OH)CONH(CH2)2CH2OH Properties: Visc. liq.; sol. in water and alcohol; m.w. 205.25; ref. index 1.497 (20 C) Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Vitamin, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods; digestive aid Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com; Daiichi Fine Chems. https://www.daiichifcj.co.jp/eng/; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com D-Panthenol alcohol. See D-Panthenol D-Pantothenamide CAS 7757-97-3 Uses: Dietary supplement, pantothenic acid source in foods for special dietary use Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.335 1679

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Pantothenate calcium; Pantothenic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium D-pantothenate (+)-Pantothenic acid sodium salt. See Sodium pantothenate Pantothenol. See D-Panthenol; DL-Panthenol d-Pantothenol. See D-Panthenol DL-Pantothenyl. See DL-Panthenol Pantothenyl alcohol. See D-Panthenol; DLPanthenol d-Pantothenyl alcohol. See D-Panthenol DL-Pantothenyl alcohol. See DL-Panthenol Papain CAS 9001-73-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-627-2 INS1101(ii) Synonyms: Papayotin; Vegetable pepsin Definition: Proteolytic enzyme derived from latex of the green fruit and leaves of Carica papaya Properties: Wh. to gray powd.; sol. in water, glycerin; insol. in other common org. solvs.; m.w. ≈ 21,000 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 12,500 mg/kg; LDLo (IP, mouse) 50 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; human systemic effects by ing. (esophagus effects); allergen; experimental teratogen, reproductive effector; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Sl. hygroscopic Uses: Direct food additive; enzyme which digests protein, processing aid, texturizer; meat tenderizer, tissue softener, flour treatment agent, stabilizer, flavor enhancer in foods; chillproofing agent, antihazing agent for beer; gluten softener in prepared foods; tobacco Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.305, 184.1585, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; BATF 27CFR §240.1051, GRAS; Canada, UK, Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; PureWorld Botanicals http://www.pureworld.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Roche Diagnostics http://www.roche-applied-science.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King Trade Names: Enzeco® Chillproof Papaver somniferum. See Poppyseed (Papaver somniferum) Papaya isobutyrate. See 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2butyl isobutyrate Papayotin. See Papain Papermakers' alum. See Aluminum sulfate Paprika. See Paprika (Capsicum annum) Paprika (Capsicum annum) CAS 977006-45-3 FEMA 2833; INS160c; E160c Synonyms: Capsicum annum; Paprika Definition: Deep red, sweet, pungent powd. obtained from the ground dried pod of mild capsicum, Capsicum annum Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; colorant and flavoring agent for chorizo sausage Features: Produces orange to bright red shades Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.340, 73.345, 101.22, 172.140, 182.10, 582.20, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved, restricted as color; Europe listed (extract), UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Kalsec http://www.kalsec.com 1680

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com Paprika oleoresin. See Oleoresin paprika Paraacetaldehyde; Paracetaldehyde. See Paraldehyde Paracresyl acetate. See p-Cresyl acetate Paracresyl isobutyrate. See p-Tolyl isobutyrate Paracymene; Paracymol. See p-Cymene Paradiazine. See Pyrazine Paraffin CAS 8002-74-2; 64742-43-4; 64742-51-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 UN 1223; FEMA 3216; INS905c(ii) Synonyms: Hard paraffin; Paraffin wax; Paraffin waxes; Paraffin wax fume; Petroleum wax, crystalline; Poly (methylene) wax Classification: Aliphatic organic compd.; hydrocarbon Definition: Solid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum fractions by solvent crystallization or by the sweating process; consists predominantly of straight-chain hydrocarbons > C20; characterized by relatively large crystals Empirical: CnH2n+2 Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. solid; odorless; tasteless; greasy feel; sol. in benzene, gasoline, chloroform, ether, carbon disulfide, oils; misc. with fats; insol. in water, alcohol; dens. ≈ 0.9; m.p. 50-57 C; flash pt. (CC) 190 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 mg/m3 (fume); TDLo (implant, rat) 120 mg/kg; primary irritant; skin and eye irritant; anesthetic effect; chronic skin exposure can cause dermatitis, abnormal pigmentation, etc.; fumes cause lung damage; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen by implantation; many paraffin waxes contain carcinogens; TSCA listed Precaution: Dangerous fire hazard; will burn above 198 C; burns with luminous flame; when heated, produces irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store away from heat; store in cool, dry place; refrigerate Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum; glazing agent for foods; protective coatings for grapefruit, lemons, limes, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sweet potatoes, etc.; cheeses; pkg. material for irradiated foods; glazing agent for foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.150, 133.181, 133.189, 172.275, 172.615, 175.105, 175.210, 175.250, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 177.1200, 177.2420, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3710, 178.3800, 178.3910, 179.45; Canada DSL; FEMA GRAS; Canada, Japan approved; FDA approved for implants, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com Baker Petrolite http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite ; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; British Wax Refining http://www.british-wax.com; Cambrex http://www.cambrex.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemcor; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Elementis Spec. http://www.elementisspecialties.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com Honeywell Spec. Wax & Addit. http://www.acwax.com; IGI http://www.igiwax.com; Janssen-Cilag http://www.janssen-cilag.nl/; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Michelman http://www.michem.com; http://www.expandingpaper.com; Micro Powders http://www.micropowders.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penreco http://www.penreco.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences 1681

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.polysciences.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/ Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; Scheel http://www.scheelcorp.com/; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Shamrock Tech. http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; Tryline http://www.tryline.com; U.S. Synthetics Trade Names: IGI 1070A; IGI 1230A; IGI 1239A; IGI 1240A; Koster Keunen Paraffin Wax SC-5050; SC-5051 Trade Names Containing: Delvowax®; TroKote™ See also Petroleum wax; Synthetic wax Paraffin jelly. See Petrolatum Paraffin oil; Paraffinum liquidum. See Mineral oil Paraffin wax. See Paraffin; Paraffin wax (petroleum), clay-treated Paraffin waxes. See Paraffin Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, microcrystalline. See Microcrystalline wax Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, microcrystalline, hydrotreated. See Hydrogenated microcrystalline wax Paraffin wax fume. See Paraffin Paraffin wax (petroleum), clay-treated CAS 64742-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 265-145-6 Synonyms: Paraffin wax Definition: A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by treatment of a petroleum wax fraction with natural or modified clay to remove trace amts. of polar compounds and impurities; predominantly straight chain saturated hydrocarbons (C20-50) Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: CITGO http://www.citgo.com/home.jsp Trade Names: AP™ 25; AP™ 35; AP™ 45; AP™ 125; AP™ 135 AP™ 145; AP™ 150 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Paraform. See Formaldehyde Paraguay tea extract. See Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) extract Parahydroxybenzaldehyde. See pHydroxybenzaldehyde Paral. See Paraldehyde Paraldehyde CAS 123-63-7; EINECS/ELINCS 204-639-8 UN 1264; FEMA 4010 Synonyms: Acetaldehyde, trimer; Elaldehyde; Paraacetaldehyde; Paracetaldehyde; Paral; PCHO; 2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5trioxacyclohexane; 2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5trioxane; 2,4,6-Trimethyl-s-trioxane; sTrimethyltrioxymethylene Empirical: C6H12O3 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. clear liq.; pleasant sweet aromatic odor; disagreeable, burning taste; very sol. in chloroform, ether, 95% ethanol; sparingly sol. in water; m.w. 132.16; sp.gr. 0.9943 (20/4 C); m.p. 12.6 C; b.p. 123128 C; flash pt. 35.5 C; ref. index 1.4049 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1530 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 14 g/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 2000 ppm; mod. toxic by ing.; low toxicity by skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; risk of serious eye damage; may cause incoordination, drowsiness; lg. doses may cause dilation of pupils, loss of reflexes, coma; may cause weak pulse followed by cyanosis; death results from respiratory paralysis; psychotropic effects on humans; experimental neoplastigen via dermal route; target organ: CNS; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; incompat. with rubber, plastics, alkalis, hydrocyanic acid, iodides, and oxidizers; dec. by light and air and on prolonged storage; easily depolymerized to acetaldehyde Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store refrigerated; keep container tightly closed under inert atmosphere; protect from light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; DEA controlled substance; SARA §313 reportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AccuStandard http://www.accustandard.com; Alfa Aesar 1682

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.alfa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com Paramethyl phenol. See p-Cresol Parasept. See Butylparaben Paris white. See Calcium carbonate Parlsey seed oleoresin. See Oleoresin parsley seed Parsley. See Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) Parsley (Carum petroselinum) extract CAS 84012-33-9; EINECS/ELINCS 281-677-1 Synonyms: Carum petroselinum; Carum petroselinum extract; Carum petroselinum herb extract; Parsley extract; Petroselinum crispum extract; Petroselinum sativum extract Definition: Extract of the parsley, Carum petroselinum Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; U.S. Synthetics Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil CAS 8000-68-8; EINECS/ELINCS 281-677-1 FEMA 2836 Synonyms: Carum petroselinum; Parsley oil; Parsley seed oil; Petroselinum crispum seed oil; Petroselinum sativum seed oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained from seeds of the parsley, Carum petroselinum, contg. apiol, terpene, pinene Properties: Colorless or yel. visc. liq.; parsley odor; sol. in 8 vols 80% alcohol; sol. in ether, fixed oils, min. oil; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

very sl. sol. in water; insol. in glycerin; dens. 1.040-1.100 (15/15 C); ref. index 1.510-1.519 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3300 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 1520 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary irritant; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, meat sauces, seasonings, spice blends, pickles Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmline http://www.pharmlineinc.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Parsley extract. See Parsley (Carum petroselinum) extract Parsley leaf oleoresin. See Oleoresin parsley leaf Parsley oil. See Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) CAS 977051-58-3 FEMA 2835 Synonyms: Parsley; Petroselinum crispum Definition: Petroselinum crispum Properties: Warm herbaceous fresh odor, warm spicy aromatic bitter taste Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, baked goods, condiments, 1683

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference meats, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 139.125, 139.160, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Parsley seed oil. See Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil Partridge vine oil China. See Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) oil Pascalite. See Calcium bentonite Passiflora extract. See Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) extract Passiflora incarnata; Passiflora incarnata extract. See Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) extract Passion flower. See Passion flower (Passiflora incarnata) Passionflower extract. See Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) extract Passion flower (Passiflora incarnata) CAS 977001-53-8 Synonyms: Passiflora incarnata; Passion flower Definition: Passiflora incarnata Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) extract CAS 8057-62-3; 84012-31-7 Synonyms: Passiflora extract; Passiflora incarnata; Passiflora incarnata extract; Passionflower extract Definition: Extract of flowers of the passionflower, Passiflora incarnata Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 3510 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 8300 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; experimental reproductive effector Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Patchouli oil. See Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) oil Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) oil CAS 8014-09-3 FEMA 2838 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Patchouli oil; Patchouly oil; Pogostemon cablin; Pogostemon cablin oil; Pogostemon patchouli oil Definition: Volatile oil derived from Pogostemon cablin; main constituent is patchoulol Properties: Ylsh. to brownish oil; intense odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, and paraffin oils; insol. in water; dens. 0.97-0.98 kg/l (15 C); vapor dens. > 1; b.p. 287 C; flash pt. 200 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; sensitizer; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Features: Old wood woody balsam weedy earthy odor; woody, aromatic, camphoreous, cooking and green with lime and citrus nuances taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/ Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com 1684

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Patchouly oil. See Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) oil Patent alum. See Aluminum sulfate Patent blue; Patent blue V. See Acid blue 3 Patent blue AC. See FD&C Blue No. 1; Acid blue 9 Patent blue violet. See Acid blue 3 Paullinia cupana; Paullinia cupana extract; Paullinia cupana gum. See Guarana (Paullinia cupana) gum PCHO. See Paraldehyde PDMS. See Polydimethylsiloxane PE. See Polyethylene PEA; β-PEA. See Phenethyl alcohol Peach aldehyde. See γ-Undecalactone Peach kernel extract. See Peach (Prunus persica) kernel extract Peach kernel oil. See Peach (Prunus persica) kernel oil Peach leaf extract; Peach leaves extract. See Peach (Prunus persica) leaf extract Peach nut oil; Peach oil, expressed. See Peach (Prunus persica) kernel oil Peach (Prunus persica) kernel extract CAS 8023-98-1; 84012-34-0; EINECS/ELINCS 281-678-7 Synonyms: Peach kernel extract; Prunus persica; Prunus persica kernel extract Definition: Extract of the kernel of the peach, Prunus persica Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.40, GRAS Peach (Prunus persica) kernel oil CAS 8002-78-6 Synonyms: Peach kernel oil; Peach nut oil; Peach oil, expressed; Persic oil; Prunus persica Definition: Oil expressed from kernels of the peach, Prunus persica Properties: Pale yel. oil; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; dens. ≈ 0.92 kg/l (15 C) Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.40, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com Peach (Prunus persica) leaf extract CAS 84012-34-0; 977183-61-1; EINECS/ELINCS 281-678-7 Synonyms: Peach leaf extract; Peach leaves extract; Prunus persica; Prunus persica leaf Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

extract; Prunus persica leaves extract Definition: Extract of the leaves of the peach, Prunus persica Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Pea fiber Uses: Dietary fiber; fat binder in prepared meats Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil CAS 8002-03-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-296-4 Synonyms: Arachis hypogaea; Arachis oil; Earthnut oil; Groundnut oil; Indigenous peanut oil; Katchung oil; Peanut oil; Pecan shell powder Definition: Refined fixed oil obtained from seed kernels of one or more cultivated varieties of Arachis hypogaea Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., nutty odor, bland taste; sol. in benzene, ether, chloroform, CCl4, oils; misc. with carbon disulfide; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in alkalis; dens. 0.916-0.922; solid. pt. -5 C; iodine no. 84-100; sapon. no. 185-195; flash pt. 540 F; ref. index 1.466-1.470 Toxicology: TDLo (oral, mouse, 1 yr. intermittent) 952 g/kg; human skin irritant, mild allergen; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials; sl. spontaneous heating Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Edible oil, dietary supplement, coating agent, emulsifier, formulation aid, texturizer in foods, margarine, mayonnaise, salad oil, shortening, baked goods; substitute for olive oil; migrating from cotton in dry food pkg. Features: Oleaginous Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §164.150, 175.105, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800, 182.70; GRAS; FDA approved for injectables, orals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; 1685

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Adept Sol'ns. Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; FONA Int'l. http://www.fona.com/; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/ Fuji Oil Europe http://www.fujioileurope.com/; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; John L Seaton Ltd http://www.seatons-uk.co.uk; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; MLG Enterprises; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Natural Oils Int'l. http://www.naturaloils.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com S. Black http://www.sblack.com; SKW Chems. http://www.skwchem.com/; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Van Den Burg Eiprodukten BV; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holme-clark.com Trade Names: Peanut oil 545-000; Phytol™ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PNUT Trade Names Containing: Dohyfral D3-2000 AG Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) stearine CAS 977051-59-4 Synonyms: Arachis hypogaea; Peanut stearine Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.40, GRAS Peanut glycerides CAS 91744-77-3; EINECS/ELINCS 294-643-6 Synonyms: Glycerides, peanut oil, mono-, di-, and triDefinition: Mixture of mono, di, and triglycerides derived from peanut oil Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Peanut oil. See Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil Peanut oil, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated peanut oil Peanut oxazole. See 2,4,5-Trimethyl Δ-3oxazoline Peanut stearine. See Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) stearine Pea (Pisum sativum) Uses: Dietary fiber, flavoring agent for breads, crackers, soups Pear ester. See Ethyl decadienoate Pearl alum. See Aluminum sulfate Pearl ash. See Potassium carbonate Pearl stearic. See Stearic acid Pear oil. See Amyl acetate; Isoamyl acetate Pebble lime. See Calcium oxide Pecan shell powder. See Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil Pectin CAS 9000-69-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-553-0 INS440; E440 Synonyms: Citrus pectin Classification: Polysaccharide Definition: Purified carbohydrate prod. obtained from the dilute acid extract of the inner portion of the rind of citrus fruits or from apple pomace Properties: Wh. to yel. powd. or syrupy conc., pract. odorless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, org. solvs.; m.w. 30,000-100,000 Toxicology: LD50 (subcut., mouse) 6400 mg/kg; low toxicity by subcut. route; nonallergenic; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to 1686

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; emulsifier, gellant, stabilizer, thickener, dietary fiber for foods, beverages, jams, jellies Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §135.140, 145.116, 145.126, 145.131, 145.136, 145.171, 145.181, 150.110, 150.140, 150.141, 150.160, 150.161, 173.385, 184.1588, GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for dentals, topicals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Biologos http://www.biologos.com/; CP Kelco Denmark http://www.cpkelco.com; CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Healan Ingreds. Ltd http://www.healan.com/; Herbstreith & Fox http://www.herbstreithfox.de; Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com; Hercules http://www.herc.com Ikeda http://www.ikedabussan.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lucid Colloids http://www.lucidgroup.com/; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rit-Chem http://www.ritchem.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King; TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Genu® 12CG; Genu® 18CG; Genu® 18CG-YA; Genu® 20AS; Genu® 22CG Genu® 102AS; Genu® 104AS; Genu® 104AS-YA; Genu® BA-KING; Genu® BB Rapid Set Genu® DD Extra-Slow Set; Genu® DD Slow Set; Genu® JMJ; Genu® Type DJ; Genu® VIS Genu® Pectins; Genu® Pectin USP/100; Genu® Pectin USP/200; Genu® Pectin USPL/200; Grindsted™ Pectin Grindsted™ PECTIN CF 120; Grindsted™ PECTIN CF 140 B; Grindsted™ PECTIN FB 220; Grindsted™ PECTIN FB 850; Grindsted™ PECTIN LA 040 Grindsted™ PECTIN LB 401; Grindsted™ PECTIN LC 700; Grindsted™ PECTIN MRS 351; Grindsted™ PECTIN RS 400; Grindsted™ PECTIN SF Grindsted™ PECTIN SS 200; Grindsted™ PECTIN XSS 100; Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 310; Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 450; Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 738 TIC Pretested® Pectin 1300; TIC Pretested® Pectin 1694 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pectin AM 800; TIC Pretested® Pectin HM Rapid Set Powder; TIC Pretested® Pectin HM Slow Set Powder TIC Pretested® Pectin LM 32 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pectin LM 35 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Pectin 1694 Powder Pectin, amidated CAS 56645-02-4 E440(ii) Synonyms: Amidated pectin Definition: Obtained from high ester pectin when ammonia is used in alkaline deesterification; some of the remaining carboxylic acid groups have been transformed into the acid amide Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, gellant in foods, mayonnaise, baby food, jams, jellies, cream cheese, yogurt, canned foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§184.1588, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: CP Kelco 1687

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.cpkelco.com; Cargill Texturizing Solutions Deutschland http://www.cargilltexturizing.com; Cesalpinia Food http://www.cesalpiniafood.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Dempsey http://www.dempseycorporation.com Herbstreith & Fox http://www.herbstreithfox.de; Southern Natural Food Addits. http://www.ctrus.com Pectinase CAS 9032-75-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-885-6 Definition: Enzyme derived from Aspergillus niger or Rhizopus oryzae Uses: Enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of pectin to sugar and galacturonic acid, for wine, beverages, cider, fruit juice, jellies, natural flavor/color extracts, citrus fruit skins for jams, vegetable stock for soup mfg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.130, GRAS; Canada approved Manuf./Distrib.: DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Enzeco® Pectinase AJ; Rapidase® Pectin sugar. See L-Arabinose PEG. See Polyethylene glycol PEG-4 CAS 112-60-7; 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Synonyms: Bis [2-(2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl] ether; 2-[2-(2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy) ethoxy) ethoxy] ethanol; Macrogol 200; 2,2´-[Oxybis (2,1-ethanediyloxy)] bisethanol; 2,2´(Oxybis (ethyleneoxy)) diethanol; PEG 200; POE (4); TEG; Tetraethylene glycol; Tetraglycol Classification: Polyhydric alcohol Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Empirical: C8H18O5 Formula: H(OCH2CH2)4OH Properties: Colorless to pale straw visc. liq., sl. char. odor; sol. in water; misc. with methanol; insol. in benzene, toluene, gasoline; m.w. 194.23; dens. 1.127 (25/25 C); vapor pressure > 0.001 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. -4 C; b.p. 327.3 C; flash pt. (COC) 185 C; ref. index 1.4577 (20 C); surf. tens. 44.13 dynes/cm; supercools on Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

freezing; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 28,900 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 7500 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; reproductive hazard; target organs: CNS, GI, respiratory system; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; COD 1.64; ThOD 1.65 Precaution: Combustible; LEL 1%; can react with oxidizers; solvent action on some plastics Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750; FDA approved for topicals; NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Cognis http://www.cognis.de; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; NOF Am.; Oxiteno http://www.oxiteno.com.br/in/index.htm; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com PEG-6 CAS 2615-15-8; 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9; 220-045-1 Synonyms: Hexaethylene glycol; PEG 300; 3,6,9,12,15-Pentaoxaheptadecane-1,17-diol; Polyethylene glycol 300 Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Empirical: C12H26O7 Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 6 Properties: Sp.gr. 1.124-1.127; visc. 5.4-6.4 cSt (99 C); pour pt. -15 to -8 C; flash pt. (COC) 196 C; ref. index 1.463-1.4641 (20 C); pH 4.51688

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 7.5 (5%); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 27,500 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 17,000 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910; FDA approved for parenterals, ophthalmics, topicals; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Cognis http://www.cognis.de; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com NOF Am.; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com Trade Names: Carbowax® E300 NF; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300; Pluracol® E300 Trade Names Containing: Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 540 Blend PEG-8 CAS 5117-19-1; 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 225-856-4 Synonyms: 3,6,9,12,15,18,21Heptaoxatricosane-1,23-diol; Macrogol 400; PEG 400; POE (8); Polyethylene glycol 400 Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Empirical: C16H34O9 Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 8 Properties: Visc. liq., sl. char. odor, minimal taste; m.w. 380-420; dens. 1.128 (25/25 C); visc. 7.3 cSt (210 F); m.p. 4-8 C; pH 4.5-7.5 (5%); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 30 ml/kg, (IP, rat) 9708 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 7313 mg/kg; low toxicity by ing., IV, IP routes; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Sl. hygroscopic Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; mfg. of food pkg. paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.30; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Cognis http://www.cognis.de; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com HallStar http://www.cphall.com; NOF Am.; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com Trade Names: Carbowax® E400 NF; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400; Pluracol® E400 Trade Names Containing: Oxynex® K PEG-9 CAS 3386-18-3; 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 222-206-1 Synonyms: 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24Octaoxahexacosane-1,26-diol; PEG 450; POE (9) Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Empirical: C18H38O10 Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 9 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910 1689

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium PEG-10 CAS 5579-66-8; 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 226-962-3 Synonyms: 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27Nonaxanonacosane-1,29-diol; PEG 500; POE (10) Classification: Polymer of ethylene oxide Empirical: C20H42O11 Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 10 Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910 PEG-12 CAS 6790-09-6; 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 229-859-1 Synonyms: Macrogol 600; PEG 600; POE (12); Polyethylene glycol 600; 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,3,33Undecaoxapentatriacontane-1,35-diol Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Empirical: C24H50O13 Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 12 Properties: Visc. liq., char. odor; m.w. 570-630; dens. 1.128 (25/25 C); m.p. 20-25 C; visc. 10.5 cSt (210 F); pH 4.5-7.5 (5%); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 38,100 mg/kg; low toxicity by ing.; eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Sl. hygroscopic Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com NOF Am.; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com Trade Names: Carbowax® E600 NF; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 600; Pluracol® E600 PEG-14 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 700; POE (14) Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Empirical: C28H58O15 Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 14 Properties: Visc. 11.5-13.0 cSt; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium PEG-18 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG (18); POE (18) Classification: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 18 Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910 PEG (18). See PEG-18

1690

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference PEG-20 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Synonyms: PEG 1000; POE (20); Polyethylene glycol 1000; Polyglycol 1000 Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Empirical: C40H82O21 Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 20 Properties: Solid; sp.gr. 1.085; visc. 16-19 cSt (99 C); pour pt. 37-40 C; flash pt. (COC) 265 C; pH 4.5-7.5 (5%); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 32 g/kg, (IP, rat) 15,570 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, dog) 3000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP, IV routes; mildly toxic by ing.; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; NOF Am. Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com Trade Names: Carbowax® E1000 NF; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 900; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1000 PEG-32 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Synonyms: Macrogol 1540; PEG 1540; POE (32) Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Empirical: C64H130O33 Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 32 Properties: Wh. powd.; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 44,200 mg/kg; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mildly toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910; FDA approved for dentals, orals, rectals, topicals Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; NOF Am.; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Carbowax® E1450 NF; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1450 Trade Names Containing: Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 540 Blend PEG-40 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 2000; POE (40) Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Empirical: C80H162O41 Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 40 Properties: Solid; dens. 1.127; visc. 38-49 cSt; ref. index 1.4590 (20 C); Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910; FDA approved for parenterals; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; NOF Am. PEG-75 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Synonyms: Macrogol 4000; PEG 4000; POE (75); Polyethylene glycol 4000; Polyglycol 4000 Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 75 1691

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Wh. powd. or creamy-wh. flakes; m.w. 3000-3700; dens. 1.212 (25/25 C); visc. 76-110 cSt (210 F); m.p. 54-58 C; pH 4.5-7.5 (5%); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 50 g/kg, (IP, rat) 11,550 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 18 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 16 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910; FDA approved for injectables, orals, rectals, topicals, vaginals; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com Trade Names: Carbowax® E3350 NF; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 3350; Pluracol® E4000 PEG-90 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Synonyms: PEG (90); POE (90) Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 90 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Food additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105 Trade Names: Carbowax® PEG 4000 PEG (90). See PEG-90 PEG-100 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Synonyms: PEG (100); POE (100) Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 100 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 4600 PEG (100). See PEG-100 PEG-150 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 203-989-9 Synonyms: Macrogol 6000; PEG 6000; POE (150) Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 150 Properties: Creamy-wh. flakes or powd., waxy paraffin-like appearance; very sol. in water, methylene chloride; pract. insol. in alcohol, ether, fatty and min. oils; m.w. 5600-7000; dens. 1.21 (25/25 C); visc. 470-900 cSt (210 F); m.p. 56-63 C; hyd. no. 16-22; flash pt. > 887 F; Nonionic Toxicology: LDLo (oral, rat) 50 g/kg; LD50 (IP, rat) 6790 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.300, 177.2420, 178.3750, 178.3910; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; NOF Am.; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com 1692

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names: Carbowax® E8000 NF; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 8000 PEG-180 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG (180); POE (180) Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 180 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.770, 172.820, 73.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3750, 178.3910 PEG (180). See PEG-180 PEG 200. See PEG-4 PEG-240 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: POE (240) Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 240 Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 175.300, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium PEG 300,000. See PEG-7M PEG 300. See PEG-6 PEG-350 CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 20000; POE (350) Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 350 Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 173.310, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; NOF Am.; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium PEG 400. PEG 450. PEG 500. PEG 600.

See PEG-8 See PEG-9 See PEG-10 See PEG-12

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PEG 700. See PEG-14 PEG 1000. See PEG-20 PEG-115000. See PEG-115M PEG 1540. See PEG-32 PEG-2000. See PEG-2M PEG 2000. See PEG-40 PEG 20000. See PEG-350 PEG-20000. See PEG-20M PEG-23000. See PEG-23M PEG 4000. See PEG-75 PEG-45000. See PEG-45M PEG-5000. See PEG-5M PEG 6000. See PEG-150 PEG-7000. See PEG-7M PEG-9000. See PEG-9M PEG-90000. See PEG-90M PEG-2M CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-2000; POE (2000) Classification: Thermoplastic resin Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 2000 Properties: Water-sol.; nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 173.310, 175.300, 178.3910; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium PEG-5M CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-5000; POE (5000) Classification: Thermoplastic resin Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 5000 Properties: Water-sol.; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 4 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 20 g/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 173.310, 175.300, 178.3910; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium PEG-7M CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 300,000; PEG-7000; POE 1693

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference (7000) Classification: Thermoplastic resin Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 7000 Properties: Water-sol.; nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 173.310, 175.300, 178.3910; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium

Classification: Thermoplastic resin Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 23000 Properties: Water-sol.; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 4 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 20 g/kg Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 173.310, 175.300, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium

PEG-9M CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-9000; POE (9000) Classification: Thermoplastic resin Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 9000 Properties: Water-sol.; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 4 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 20 g/kg Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 173.310, 175.300, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium

PEG-45M CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-45000; POE (45000) Classification: Thermoplastic resin Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 45,000 Properties: Water-sol.; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 4 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 20 g/kg Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 173.310, 175.300, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium

PEG-20M CAS 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 225-856-4 Synonyms: PEG-20000; POE (20000) Classification: Thermoplastic resin Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 20,000 Properties: Water-sol.; nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 173.310, 175.300, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium

PEG-90M CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-90000; POE (90000) Classification: Thermoplastic resin Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 90,000 Properties: Water-sol.; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 4 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 20 g/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 173.310, 175.300, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Polyox® WSR 301

PEG-23M CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-23000; POE (23000)

PEG-115M CAS 25322-68-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-115000; POE (115000)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1694

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: Thermoplastic resin Definition: Polymer of ethylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 115,000 Properties: Water-sol.; nonionic Uses: Foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.770, 173.310, 175.300, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Polyox® WSR Coagulant PEG-3 C12-14 alcohol. See C12-14 pareth-3 PEG-4 C12-14 alcohol. See C12-14 pareth-4 PEG-7 C12-14 alcohol. See C12-14 pareth-7 PEG-8 C12-14 alcohol. See C12-14 pareth-8 PEG-11 C12-14 alcohol. See C12-14 pareth-11 PEG-8 C12-14 fatty alcohol. See C12-14 pareth8 PEG-6 dilaurate CAS 9005-02-1 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 300 dilaurate; POE (6) dilaurate Definition: PEG diester of lauric acid Formula: CH3(CH2)10CO(OCH2CH2)nOCO(CH2)10CH3, avg. n = 6 Properties: HLB 6.3; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.210 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk PEG-20 dilaurate CAS 9005-02-1 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 1000 dilaurate; POE (20) dilaurate Definition: PEG diester of lauric acid Empirical: C64H126O23 Formula: CH3(CH2)10CO(OCH2CH2)nOCO(CH2)10CH3, avg. n = 20 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Dispersant, emulsifier, wetting agent, cosolvent, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-32 dilaurate CAS 9005-02-1 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 1540 dilaurate; POE (32) dilaurate Definition: PEG diester of lauric acid Empirical: C88H174O35 Formula: CH3(CH2)10CO(OCH2CH2)nOCO(CH2)10CH3, avg. n = 32 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-75 dilaurate CAS 9005-02-1 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 4000 dilaurate; POE (75) dilaurate Definition: PEG diester of lauric acid Formula: CH3(CH2)10CO(OCH2CH2)nOCO(CH2)10CH3, avg. n = 75 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-150 dilaurate CAS 9005-02-1 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 6000 dilaurate; POE (150) dilaurate Definition: PEG diester of lauric acid Formula: CH3(CH2)10CO(OCH2CH2)nOCO(CH2)10CH3, avg. n = 150 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading 1695

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG 300 dilaurate. See PEG-6 dilaurate PEG 1000 dilaurate. See PEG-20 dilaurate PEG 1540 dilaurate. See PEG-32 dilaurate PEG 4000 dilaurate. See PEG-75 dilaurate PEG 6000 dilaurate. See PEG-150 dilaurate PEG-4 dioleate CAS 9005-07-6 (generic); 52688-97-0 (generic); 134141-38-1 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, oxybis (2,1ethanediyloxy-2,1-ethanediyl) ester; PEG 200 dioleate; POE (4) dioleate Definition: PEG diester of oleic acid Empirical: C44H82O7 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, coemulsifier, thickener, solubilizer, cosolvent, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.210 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-6 dioleate CAS 9005-07-6 (generic); 52688-97-0 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 300 dioleate; POE (6) dioleate Definition: PEG diester of oleic acid Empirical: C48H90O9 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods; defoamer for beet sugar and yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.210 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be PEG-8 dioleate CAS 9005-07-6 (generic); 52688-97-0 (generic) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: PEG 400 dioleate; POE (8) dioleate Definition: PEG diester of oleic acid Empirical: C52H98O11 Properties: Sol. in veg. and min. oils; partly sol. in alcohol; disp. in water; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, cosolvent, lubricant, dispersant, defoamer, corrosion inhibitor, wetting agent for foods; emulsifier for defoamers for beet sugar and yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1210, 177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-12 dioleate CAS 9005-07-6 (generic); 52688-97-0 (generic); 85736-49-8; EINECS/ELINCS 288-459-5 Synonyms: PEG 600 dioleate; POE (12) dioleate Definition: PEG diester of oleic acid Properties: Sol. in alcohol, veg. and min. oils; disp. in water; m.p. 15-20 C; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Emulsifier in foods; in defoamers for beet sugar and yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-20 dioleate CAS 9005-07-6 (generic); 52688-97-0 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 1000 dioleate; POE (20) dioleate Definition: PEG diester of oleic acid Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, cosolvent, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210, 1696

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-32 dioleate CAS 9005-07-6 (generic); 52688-97-0 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 1540 dioleate; POE (32) dioleate Definition: PEG diester of oleic acid Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-75 dioleate CAS 9005-07-6 (generic); 52688-97-0 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 4000 dioleate; POE (75) dioleate Definition: PEG diester of oleic acid Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-150 dioleate CAS 9005-07-6 (generic); 52688-97-0 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 6000 dioleate; POE (150) dioleate Definition: PEG diester of oleic acid Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG 200 dioleate. See PEG-4 dioleate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PEG 300 dioleate. See PEG-6 dioleate PEG 400 dioleate. See PEG-8 dioleate PEG 600 dioleate. See PEG-12 dioleate PEG 1000 dioleate. See PEG-20 dioleate PEG 1540 dioleate. See PEG-32 dioleate PEG 4000 dioleate. See PEG-75 dioleate PEG 6000 dioleate. See PEG-150 dioleate PEG-2 distearate CAS 109-30-8; 9005-08-7 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 203-663-6 Synonyms: Diethylene glycol distearate; PEG 100 distearate; POE (2) distearate Definition: PEG diester of stearic acid Empirical: C40H78O5 Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOCO(CH2)16CH3, avg. n = 2 Properties: Wh. powd.; sp.gr. 0.96; m.p. 54-55 C; Nonionic Toxicology: May cause eye and skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses, respirator, impermeable gloves, and protective work clothing HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place away from oxidizing agents Uses: Diluent in food colorants, egg shell dyeing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 175.300, 176.210, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com PEG-6 distearate CAS 9005-08-7 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 300 distearate; POE (6) distearate Definition: PEG diester of stearic acid Empirical: C48H94O9 Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOCO(CH2)16CH3, avg. n = 6 Properties: M.p. 35-37 C; flash pt. > 110 C; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.210 1697

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium PEG-20 distearate CAS 9005-08-7 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 1000 distearate; POE (20) distearate Definition: PEG diester of stearic acid Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOCO(CH2)16CH3, avg. n = 20 Properties: M.p. 35-37 C; flash pt. > 110 C; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium PEG-32 distearate CAS 9005-08-7 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 1540 distearate; POE (32) distearate Definition: PEG diester of stearic acid Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOCO(CH2)16CH3, avg. n = 32 Properties: M.p. 35-37 C; flash pt. > 110 C; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium PEG-75 distearate CAS 9005-08-7 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 4000 distearate; POE (75) distearate Definition: PEG diester of stearic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOCO(CH2)16CH3, avg. n = 75 Properties: M.p. 35-37 C; HLB 17.3; flash pt. > 110 C; nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium PEG 100 distearate. See PEG-2 distearate PEG 300 distearate. See PEG-6 distearate PEG 1000 distearate. See PEG-20 distearate PEG 1540 distearate. See PEG-32 distearate PEG 4000 distearate. See PEG-75 distearate PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate CAS 66105-29-1; 68201-46-7 (generic) Synonyms: PEG (7) glyceryl monococoate; POE (7) glyceryl monococoate Definition: PEG ether of glyceryl cocoate Formula: RCO–OCH2COHHCH2(OCH2CH2)nOH, RCO– rep. fatty acids from coconut oil, avg. n =7 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com Trade Names: Mazol® 159; Milopol G-7 PEG-20 glyceryl isostearate CAS 68958-58-7 (generic); 69468-44-6 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 1000 glyceryl isostearate; POE (20) glyceryl isostearate Definition: PEG ether of glyceryl isostearate Formula: C17H35COOCH2CHOHCH2(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 20 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils PEG-30 glyceryl isostearate CAS 68958-58-7 (generic); 69468-44-6 (generic) Synonyms: POE (30) glyceryl isostearate Definition: PEG ether of glyceryl isostearate Formula: C17H35COOCH2CHOHCH2(OCH2CH2)nOH, 1698

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference avg. n = 30 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils PEG 1000 glyceryl isostearate. See PEG-20 glyceryl isostearate PEG-20 glyceryl laurate CAS 59070-56-3 (generic); 51248-32-9 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 1000 glyceryl monolaurate; POE (20) glyceryl laurate; POE (20) glyceryl monolaurate Definition: PEG ether of glyceryl laurate Formula: CH3(CH2)10COOCH2COHHCH2(OCH2CH2)nOH , avg. n = 20 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: Tagat® L2 PEG-30 glyceryl laurate CAS 59070-56-3 (generic); 51248-32-9 (generic) Synonyms: POE (30) glyceryl laurate; POE (30) glyceryl monolaurate Definition: PEG ether of glyceryl laurate Formula: CH3(CH2)10COOCH2COHHCH2(OCH2CH2)nOH , avg. n = 30 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.2800 PEG (7) glyceryl monococoate. See PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate PEG 1000 glyceryl monolaurate. See PEG-20 glyceryl laurate PEG-20 glyceryl monooleate; PEG 1000 glyceryl monooleate. See PEG-20 glyceryl oleate PEG 1000 glyceryl monostearate. See PEG-20 glyceryl stearate PEG-20 glyceryl oleate CAS 68889-49-6 (generic); 51192-09-7 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-20 glyceryl monooleate; PEG 1000 glyceryl monooleate; POE (20) glyceryl oleate Definition: PEG ether of glyceryl oleate Formula: CH3[CH(CH2)7]2COOCH2CHOHCH2(OCH2CH2) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nOH, avg. n = 20 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: Tagat® O2

PEG-30 glyceryl oleate CAS 68889-49-6 (generic); 51192-09-7 (generic) Synonyms: POE (30) glyceryl oleate Definition: PEG ether of glyceryl oleate Formula: CH3[CH(CH2)7]2COOCH2CHOHCH2(OCH2CH2) nOH, avg. n = 30 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk PEG-15 glyceryl ricinoleate CAS 51142-51-9 (generic); 39310-72-0 Synonyms: POE (15) glyceryl monoricinoleate Definition: PEG ether of glyceryl ricinoleate Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk PEG-20 glyceryl stearate CAS 53195-79-2; 68153-76-4 (generic); 6855311-7; 51158-08-8 (generic); 977055-13-2 Synonyms: PEG 1000 glyceryl monostearate; POE (20) glyceryl monostearate Definition: PEG ether of glyceryl stearate Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOCH2COHHCH2(OCH2CH2)nOH , avg. n = 20 Properties: HLB 13.1; Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, suspending agent, dispersant, antifoam, wetting agent for foods; emulsifier for cakes and icings; dough conditioner in yeast-raised bakery goods Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com Trade Names: Aldo® MS-20 KFG; Aldosperse® MS-20; Aldosperse® MS-20 1699

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FG; Aldosperse® MS-20 KFG; Durfax® EOM Durfax® EOM K; Glicepol GMS 20; Lumulse® POE (20) GMSK; Mazol® 80 MGK; Tagat® S2 Trade Names Containing: Aldosperse® 40/60; Aldosperse® 40/60 KFG; Tally® 100 Plus PEG-30 glyceryl stearate CAS 51158-08-8 (generic) Synonyms: POE (30) glyceryl monostearate Definition: PEG ether of glyceryl stearate Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOCH2COHHCH2(OCH2CH2)nOH , avg. n = 30 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: Tagat® S PEG-25 glyceryl trioleate CAS 68958-64-5 (generic) Synonyms: POE (25) glyceryl trioleate Definition: Triester of oleic acid and a PEG ether of glycerin Properties: Nonionic Uses: Solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk PEG-40 hexatallate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for foods PEG-50 hydrogenated castor oil CAS 61788-85-0 (generic) Synonyms: POE (50) hydrogenated castor oil Definition: PEG deriv. of hydrogenated castor oil with avg. 50 moles of EO Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer for oil-sol. vitamins Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.2800 PEG-200 hydrogenated glyceryl palmate CAS 67784-88-7 Definition: PEG deriv. of hydrog. palm glyceride with an avg. of 200 moles of EO Uses: Ingred. in food Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names Containing: Aldosperse® 38/62 KFG

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PEG-32 laurate CAS 9004-81-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 1540 monolaurate; POE (32) monolaurate Definition: PEG ester of lauric acid Formula: CH3(CH2)10CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 32 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG lauryl alcohol. See Laureth PEG-5 lauryl ether sulfate, sodium salt. See Sodium laureth-5 sulfate PEG 1540 monolaurate. See PEG-32 laurate PEG (7) monooleate. See PEG-7 oleate PEG 300 monooleate. See PEG-6 oleate PEG 400 monooleate. See PEG-8 oleate PEG 1540 monooleate. See PEG-32 oleate PEG 4000 monooleate. See PEG-75 oleate PEG (600) monoricinoleate. See PEG-12 ricinoleate PEG 100 monostearate. See PEG-2 stearate PEG (100) monostearate. See PEG-100 stearate PEG 300 monostearate. See PEG-6 stearate PEG 400 monostearate. See PEG-8 stearate PEG 500 monostearate. See PEG-10 stearate PEG 1540 monostearate. See PEG-32 stearate PEG 2000 monostearate. See PEG-40 stearate PEG 4000 monostearate. See PEG-75 stearate PEG-6 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-6 PEG-7 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-7 PEG-10 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-10 PEG-11 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-11 PEG-12 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-12 PEG-14 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-14 PEG-40 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-40 PEG-50 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-50 PEG 300 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-6 PEG 500 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-10 PEG 600 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-12 PEG 2000 nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol40 PEG-1 octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-1 PEG-5 octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-5 PEG-8 octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-8 1700

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference PEG-9 octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-9 PEG-13 octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-13 PEG-30 octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-30 PEG-40 octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-40 PEG-70 octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-70 PEG 400 octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-8 PEG 450 octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-9 PEG-6 oleate CAS 9004-96-0 (generic); 60344-26-5 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, 17-hydroxy3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadec-1-yl ester; PEG 300 monooleate; POE (6) monooleate Definition: PEG ester of oleic acid Empirical: C30H58O8 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CHCH(CH2)7CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 6 Properties: Sol. in alcohol, min. oils; disp. in water; m.p. 0 C; nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, lubricant, antifoam, dispersant, thickener, solubilizer, emollient, spreading agent, wetting agent for foods; chemical intermediate Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.210 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be PEG-7 oleate CAS 9004-96-0 (generic) Synonyms: PEG (7) monooleate; POE (7) monooleate Definition: PEG ester of oleic acid Empirical: C32H62O9 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CHCH(CH2)7CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 7 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier for vegetable and min. oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk PEG-8 oleate CAS 9004-96-0 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 400 monooleate; POE (8) monooleate Definition: PEG ester of oleic acid Empirical: C34H66O10 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CHCH(CH2)7CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

avg. n = 8 Properties: Dk. red oil; sol. in alcohol; disp. in water; misc. with cottonseed oil; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 1080 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, lubricant, solubilizer, solvent, visc. control agent for foods; chemical intermediate Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-32 oleate CAS 9004-96-0 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 1540 monooleate; POE (32) monooleate Definition: PEG ester of oleic acid Formula: CH3(CH2)7CHCH(CH2)7CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 32 Properties: Dk. red oil; sol. in alcohol; disp. in water; misc. with cottonseed oil; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.200, 177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-75 oleate CAS 9004-96-0 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 4000 monooleate; POE (75) monooleate Definition: PEG ester of oleic acid Formula: CH3(CH2)7CHCH(CH2)7CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 75 Properties: Dk. red oil; sol. in alcohol; disp. in water; misc. with cottonseed oil; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, detergent, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, 1701

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference spreading agent, penetrant, wetting agent, dispersant, softener, lubricant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.200 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com PEG-9 oleyl ether. See Oleth-9 PEG-20 oleyl ether. See Oleth-20 PEG-23 oleyl ether. See Oleth-23 PEG 450 oleyl ether. See Oleth-9 PEG 1000 oleyl ether. See Oleth-20 PEG-7 ricinoleate CAS 9004-97-1 (generic); 42426-59-5 (generic) Synonyms: POE (7) ricinoleate Definition: PEG ester of ricinoleic acid Empirical: C32H62O10 Formula: CHCH2COHH(CH2)5CH3CH(CH2)7CO(OCH2C H2)nOH, avg. n = 7 Uses: Defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk PEG-12 ricinoleate CAS 9004-97-1 (generic) Synonyms: PEG (600) monoricinoleate; POE (12) monoricinoleate Definition: PEG ester of ricinoleic acid Formula: CHCH2COHH(CH2)5CH3CH(CH2)7CO(OCH2C H2)nOH, avg. n = 12 Properties: Nonionic Uses: In defoamers for beet sugar and yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 176.200 PEG-16 rosin acid Trade Names: Hercules® AR 160 PEG-40 sorbitan diisostearate Synonyms: POE (40) sorbitan diisostearate Definition: Ethoxylated sorbitan diester of isostearic acid with avg. 40 moles EO Properties: Nonionic Uses: Solubilizer for flavors Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ PEG-50 sorbitan hexaoleate CAS 9011-29-4; 57171-56-9 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-50 sorbitol hexaoleate (INCI); POE (50) sorbitol hexaoleate Definition: Oleic acid hexaester of ethoxylated sorbitol with an avg. 50 moles EO Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: HLB 11.4; Nonionic Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Trade Names: Hedipin-SHO/500 PEG-40 sorbitan hexatallate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods PEG-4 sorbitan laurate. See Polysorbate 21 PEG-10 sorbitan laurate CAS 9005-64-5 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 500 sorbitan monolaurate; POE (10) sorbitan monolaurate Definition: Ethoxylated sorbitan ester of lauric acid with avg. 10 moles EO Empirical: C38H74O16 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal and intravenous routes; mildly toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Glycosperse® L-10 K PEG-20 sorbitan laurate. See Polysorbate 20 PEG-80 sorbitan laurate CAS 9005-64-5 (generic) Synonyms: PEG (80) sorbitan monolaurate; POE (80) sorbitan monolaurate Definition: Ethoxylated sorbitan ester of lauric acid with avg. 80 moles EO Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, wetting agent, visc. modifier, stabilizer in foods, bakery, dairy, confectionery, convenience foods; solubilizer for essential oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Lumisorb™ PSML-80; T-Maz® 28 PEG (80) sorbitan monolaurate. See PEG-80 sorbitan laurate 1702

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference PEG 500 sorbitan monolaurate. See PEG-10 sorbitan laurate PEG (3) sorbitan monooleate. See PEG-3 sorbitan oleate PEG (3) sorbitan monostearate. See PEG-3 sorbitan stearate PEG-3 sorbitan oleate CAS 9005-65-6 (generic) Synonyms: PEG (3) sorbitan monooleate; POE (3) sorbitan monooleate Definition: Ethoxylated sorbitan ester of oleic acid with avg. 3 moles EO Empirical: C30H56O8 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1001, 172.623, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.180, 178.3400, 573.860 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium PEG-5 sorbitan oleate. See Polysorbate 81 PEG-20 sorbitan oleate. See Polysorbate 80 PEG-3 sorbitan stearate CAS 9005-67-8 (generic) Synonyms: PEG (3) sorbitan monostearate; POE (3) sorbitan monostearate Definition: Ethoxylated sorbitan monoester of stearic acid with an avg. 3 moles EO Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1001, 163.123, 163.130, 163.135, 163.140, 163.145, 163.150, 163.153, 163.155, 172.836, 173.340, 175.300, 573.840 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk PEG-4 sorbitan stearate. See Polysorbate 61 PEG-20 sorbitan stearate. See Polysorbate 60 PEG-40 sorbitan tetraoleate CAS 63089-86-1 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 2000 sorbitan tetraoleate; POE (40) sorbitan tetraoleate; Sorbeth-40 Tetraoleate Definition: Tetraester of oleic acid and a PEG ether of sorbitol, avg. 40 moles EO Formula: (C3H6O • C2H4O)x Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by ingestion and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

intraperitoneal route Uses: O/w emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Lonzest® HPO-40 PEG 2000 sorbitan tetraoleate. See PEG-40 sorbitan tetraoleate PEG-20 sorbitan trioleate. See Polysorbate 85 PEG-20 sorbitan tristearate. See Polysorbate 65 PEG-20 sorbitan tritallate Definition: Triester of tall oil acid and a PEG ether of sorbitol, avg. 20 moles EO Uses: Emulsifier and solubilizer of essential oils, wetting agent, visc. modifier, antistat, stabilizer and dispersant in foods PEG-50 sorbitol hexaoleate (INCI). See PEG-50 sorbitan hexaoleate PEG stearate CAS 9004-99-3 (generic) Synonyms: Glycols, polyethylene, monostearate; α-1-(Oxooctadecyl)-ωhydroxypoly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl); Polyethylene glycol monostearate; Polyethylene glycols monostearate; Polyethylene glycol stearate; Poly (oxy-1,2ethanediyl), α-(1-oxooctadecyl)-ω-hydroxy-; Polyoxyethylene monostearate Definition: PEG ester of stearic acid Formula: (C2H4O)n • C18H36O2 Properties: Wh. or yel. paste to solid; insol. in water (@ < 8 EO); m.p. 31-33 C; HLB 7.5-18.0 (4-100 EO); nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 53 ml/kg; very sl. toxic by ing.; may cause GI changes, liver changes, spleen changes; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant in foods Trade Names Containing: AF 9010; AF 9020; AF 9030 PEG-1 stearate. See Glycol stearate PEG-2 stearate CAS 106-11-6; 9004-99-3 (generic); 85116-97-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-363-5; 285-550-1 1703

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Diethylene glycol, monoester with stearic acid; Diethylene glycol monostearate; Diethylene glycol stearate; Diglycol monostearate; Diglycol stearate; Glyco stearin; 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy) ethyl ester stearic acid; 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy) ethyl stearate; PEG 100 monostearate; Polyoxyl 2 stearate; Stearic acid, 2-(2hydroxyethoxy) ethyl ester Definition: PEG ester of stearic acid Empirical: C22H44O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n =2 Properties: Wh. wax-like solid; faint fatty odor; sol. in hot alcohol, oils; m.w. 372.66; m.p. 4555 C; HLB 4.3; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by IV, IP routes; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Lumulse® POE (100) MS PEG-5 stearate CAS 9004-99-3 (generic) Synonyms: POE (5) stearate Definition: PEG ester of stearic acid Empirical: C28H5O7 Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n =5 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: Poison by intravenous, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

intraperitoneal route; mildly toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Uses: Defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium PEG-6 stearate CAS 9004-99-3 (generic); 10108-28-8 Synonyms: 17-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15pentaoxaheptadec-1-yl octadecanoate; PEG 300 monostearate; POE (6) stearate Definition: PEG ester of stearic acid Empirical: C30H60O8 Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n =6 Properties: Sol. in alcohol; sol. warm in veg. and min. oils; disp. in water; Nonionic Toxicology: Poison by IV, IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, thickener, solubilizer, emollient, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Features: Waxy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.210 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium PEG-8 stearate CAS 9004-99-3 (generic); 70802-40-3 INS430 Synonyms: 23-Hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15,18,21heptaoxatricos-1-yl octadecanoate; Macrogol ester 400; Macrogol stearate 400; PEG 400 monostearate; POE (8) stearate; Polyoxyl 8 stearate Definition: PEG ester of stearic acid Empirical: C34H68O10 Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n =8 Properties: Sol. in alcohol; partly sol. in veg. and min. oils; disp. warm in water; HLB 11.1-11.7; Nonionic Toxicology: Poison by intravenous, intraperitoneal route; mildly toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer in foods, bakery 1704

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3910; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for topicals Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Myrj® 45 PEG-10 stearate CAS 9004-99-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 500 monostearate; POE (10) stearate Definition: PEG ester of stearic acid Empirical: C36H76O12 Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 10 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: Poison by intravenous, intraperitoneal route; mildly toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: MGS-DEXV PEG-32 stearate CAS 9004-99-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 1540 monostearate; PEG 1540 stearate; POE (32) monostearate Definition: PEG ester of stearic acid Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 32 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: Poison by IV, IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium PEG-40 stearate CAS 9004-99-3 (generic); 31791-00-2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

INS431; E431 Synonyms: Macrogol stearate 2000; PEG 2000 monostearate; POE (40) monostearate; POE (40) stearate; Polyoxyl 40 stearate; Stearethate 40 Definition: PEG ester of stearic acid Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 40 Properties: Wh. to cream waxy solid; nearly odorless to faint fatty odor; sol. in water, ether, alcohol, acetone; insol. in min. and veg. oils; m.p. 37-47 C; HLB 16.9; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 25-35; hyd. no. 25-40; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 53 ml/kg; poison by IV, IP routes; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier in foods; defoamer in processing foods; freshness additive in breads Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for dentals, ophthalmics, orals, otics, topicals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com CoKEM Assoc.; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; SunBio http://www.sunbio.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Myrj® 52; Myrj® 52S Pharma PEG-45 stearate CAS 9004-99-3 (generic) Synonyms: POE (45) stearate Definition: PEG ester of stearic acid Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 45 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: Poison by intravenous, intraperitoneal route; mildly toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.2260, 1705

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Slovacid® S 45 PEG-75 stearate CAS 9004-99-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG 4000 monostearate; POE (75) stearate Definition: PEG ester of stearic acid Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 75 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: Poison by intravenous, intraperitoneal route; mildly toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, solubilizer, thickener, emollient, opacifier, spreading agent, wetting agent, dispersant for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium PEG-100 stearate CAS 9004-99-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG (100) monostearate; POE (100) stearate Definition: PEG ester of stearic acid Formula: CH3(CH2)16CO(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 100 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: Poison by intravenous, intraperitoneal route; mildly toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.210 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Cithrol GMS A/S PEG 1540 stearate. See PEG-32 stearate PEG-20 stearyl ether; PEG 1000 stearyl ether. See Steareth-20 Pelargic acid. See Nonanoic acid Pelargonaldehyde. See Nonanal Pelargonic acid (INCI). See Nonanoic acid Pelargonic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl pelargonate Pelargonic acid vanillylamide. See Nonanoyl 4hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamide Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Pelargonic alcohol. See Nonyl alcohol Pelargonic aldehyde. See Nonanal Pelargonium; Pelargonium extract. See Geranium extract Pelargonium graveolens oil. See Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil Pelargonyl acetate. See n-Nonyl acetate Pelargonyl vanillylamide CAS 2444-46-4; EINECS/ELINCS 219-484-1 UN 2811; FEMA 2787 Synonyms: N-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl) nonanamide; Nonanoyl 4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzylamide; N-Nonanoyl vanillylamide; Synthetic capsaicin Empirical: C17H27NO3 Properties: Wh. odorless crystals or powd.; sl. sol. in water; easily sol. in methanol and diethyl ether; m.w. 293.41; m.p. 65 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 190 mg/kg, (dermal, mouse) 512 mg/kg; toxic to lungs, mucous membranes; very hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ing., and inh. Precaution: May be combustible at high temps.; wear splash goggles, lab coat, and dust respirator HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Sciencelab http://www.sciencelab.com Pennyroyal, European, extract; Pennyroyal extract. See Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) extract Pennyroyal (Hedeoma pulegiodes) oil CAS 8007-44-1 Synonyms: American pennyroyal oil; Hedeoma oil; Hedeoma pulegiodes; Hedeoma pulegiodes oil; Pennyroyal oil, American Definition: Volatile oil from leaves and flowering tops of Hedeoma pulegioides, contg. chiefly pulegone Properties: Pale yel. liq., aromatic odor; sol. in 3 vols 70% alcohol; very sol. in chloroform, ether; sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.920-0.935 (25/25 C); ref. index 1.482 (20 C) Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Canada DSL 1706

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) extract CAS 90064-00-9; EINECS/ELINCS 290-061-1 Synonyms: European pennyroyal extract; Lurk-in-the-Ditch; Mentha pulegium; Mentha pulegium extract; Pennyroyal, European, extract; Pennyroyal extract; Pudding Grass; Pulegium; Run-by-theGround Definition: Extract of the flowering herb, Mentha pulegium Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) oil CAS 8013-99-8 FEMA 2839 Synonyms: European pennyroyal oil; Mentha pulegium; Mentha pulegium oil; Pennyroyal oil; Pennyroyal oil, European Definition: Volatile oil from steam distillation of Mentha pulegium, contg. 85% d-pulegone Properties: Yel. to greenish-yel. liq., aromatic mint odor, aromatic taste; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol, min. oil; insol. in glycerin; dens. 0.960 (15/15 C); ref. index 1.475-1.496 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 400 mg/kg; experimental poison by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; RCB Int'l. Pennyroyal oil. See Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) oil Pennyroyal oil, American. See Pennyroyal Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Hedeoma pulegiodes) oil Pennyroyal oil, European. See Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) oil 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranose. See α-D-Glucose pentaacetate Pent-acetate. See Amyl acetate Pentadecalactone CAS 106-02-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-354-6 FEMA 2840 Synonyms: Angelica lactone; Cyclopentadecanolide; 15Hydroxypentadecanoic acid lactone; 15Hydroxypentadecanoic acid, ω-lactone; 14Hydroxytetradecanoic acid; 1-Oxa-2cyclohexadecanone; Oxacyclohexadecan2-one; ω-Pentadecalactone; Pentadecanolide; 15-Pentadecanolide; Pentadecan-15-olide; Pentalide Classification: lactone; macrocyclic musk Definition: Lactone of 15-hydroxypentadecanoic acid Empirical: C15H28O2 Properties: Colorless cryst.; persistent musk-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 240.39; dens. 0.9447 (33 C); m.p. 34-36 C; b.p. 137 C (2 mm); flash pt. 62 C; ref. index 1.4669 (33 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Berry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Soda Aromatic http://www.soda.co.jp ω-Pentadecalactone. See Pentadecalactone 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid. See Palmitic acid Pentadecanolide; 15-Pentadecanolide; Pentadecan-15-olide. See Pentadecalactone 1,3-Pentadiene-1-carboxaldehyde. See trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienal 1,3-Pentadiene-1-carboxylic acid. See Sorbic acid Pentaerythritol ester of rosin; Pentaerythritol 1707

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference rosinate. See Pentaerythrityl rosinate Pentaerythrityl distearate CAS 13081-97-5; EINECS/ELINCS 235-991-0 Synonyms: Octadecanoic acid, 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediyl ester Definition: Diester of pentaerythritol and stearic acid Empirical: C41H80O6 Formula: RCO–OCH2C(CH2OH)2CH2O–OCR, where RCO– rep. stearic acid radical Properties: Nonionic Uses: Surfactant for foods, feed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 178.2010; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Hedipin-PEDS G Pentaerythrityl rosinate CAS 8050-26-8; 977045-81-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-479-9 INS915 Synonyms: Pentaerythritol ester of rosin; Pentaerythritol rosinate; Resin acids and rosin acids, esters with pentaerythritol; Rosin, gum or wood, pentaerythritol ester; Rosin pentaerythritol ester; Tall oil rosin, pentaerythritol ester Classification: Thermoplastic resin Definition: Ester of rosin acids with the polyol, pentaerythritol Properties: Amber hard solid; sol. in acetone, benzene; insol. in water; soften. pt. (R&B) 110115 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Plasticizer in chewing gum; glazing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.210, 178.3120, 178.3800, 178.3870; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk Pentaglyceryl diisostearate. See Polyglyceryl-5 diisostearate Pentaglyceryl monooleate. See Polyglyceryl-5 oleate Pentahydroxycaproic acid. See D-Gluconic acid 1,2,3,4,5-Pentahydroxypentane. See Xylitol γ-Pentalactone. See γ-Valerolactone Pentaldehyde. See n-Valeraldehyde Pentalide. See Pentadecalactone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Pentamethyleneimine. See Piperidine Pentanal; n-Pentanal. See n-Valeraldehyde Pentanal, 2-methyl-. See 2-Methylpentanal 2-Pentanecarboxylic acid. See 2Methylpentanoic acid 3-Pentanecarboxylic acid. See Diethylacetic acid Pentanedial; 1,5-Pentanedial; Pentane-1,5-dial; 1,5-Pentanedione. See Glutaral Pentane-2,3-dione CAS 600-14-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-984-8 UN 1993; FEMA 2841 Synonyms: Acetylpropionyl; Methyl ethyl diketone; Methyl ethyl glyoxal; 2,3Pentanedione Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C5H8O2 Formula: CH3CH2COCOCH3 Properties: Yel. liq., penetrating buttery odor on dilution; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 100.12; dens. 0.959 (20/4 C); m.p. -52 C; b.p. 110-115 C; flash pt. 19 C; ref. index 1.404 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep away from ignition sources; refrigerate Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Pungent, oily, butterscotch, chocolate flavor and fragrance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com

1708

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 2,3-Pentanedione. See Pentane-2,3-dione Pentanoic acid; n-Pentanoic acid. See n-Valeric acid Pentanoic acid heptyl ester. See Heptyl valerate Pentanoic acid, 3-hexenyl ester, (Z)-. See Hexenyl-cis-3-valerate Pentanoic acid hexyl ester. See Hexyl valerate Pentanoic acid, isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl valerate Pentanoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl valerate Pentanoic acid, 1-methylethyl ester. See Isopropyl valerate Pentanoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl-2-methylvalerate Pentanoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester. See Methyl 2-methylvalerate Pentanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl valerate Pentanoic acid, 4-oxo-, butyl ester. See Butyl levulinate Pentanoic acid, 4-oxo-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl levulinate Endo-pentanoic acid 1,7,7-trimethyl bicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-yl ester. See Bornyl valerate 1-Pentanol; Pentanol-1; Pentan-1-ol. See nAmyl alcohol Pentan-2-ol; 2-Pentanol; Pentanol-2. See s-Amyl alcohol n-Pentanol. See n-Amyl alcohol 1-Pentanol acetate. See Amyl acetate 2-Pentanol acetate. See s-Amyl acetate 4-Pentanolide. See γ-Valerolactone 3-Pentanol, 3-methyl-1-phenyl. See 1-Phenyl-3methyl-3-pentanol 2-Pentanone. See Methyl propyl ketone 3-Pentanone; Pentanone-3. See Diethyl ketone pentan-2-yl acetate. See s-Amyl acetate Pentan-2-yl butyrate. See 2-Pentyl butyrate 3,6,9,12,15-Pentaoxaheptadecane-1,17-diol. See PEG-6 Pentapotassium triphosphate (INCI); Pentapotassium tripolyphosphate. See Potassium tripolyphosphate Pentasodium triphosphate CAS 7758-29-4; 13573-18-7; EINECS/ELINCS 213-837-7; 231-694-5 INS451(i) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Pentasodium tripolyphosphate; Sodium triphosphate; Sodium tripolyphosphate; STP; STPP; Triphosphoric acid pentasodium salt; Triphosphoric acid sodium salt; Tripolyphosphate Classification: Inorganic phosphate salt Definition: Exists in two crystal modifications, depending on production conditions: hightemp. modification (STP-I), low-temp. modification (STP-II) Empirical: Na5O10P3 Formula: Na5(PO3OPO2OPO3) Properties: Wh. gran. or fine powd.; odorless; sol. 20 g/100 ml water; m.w. 367.91; bulk dens. ≈ 1.0 kg/l (powd.), ≈- 0.8 kg/l (gran.); m.p. dec. 552-622 C; pH 9.7-9.9 (1%) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6.5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 7940 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 525 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 900 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing., subcut., IP routes; mod. irritating to skin, mucous membranes; ing. can cause violent purging; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong acids (may react violently); hydrolyzes to phosphate under acidic conditions; hydrolyzes slowly in neutral aq. sol'n. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx and Na2O Storage: Sl. hygroscopic; store in cool, dry, wellventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from incompat. materials, in dust-tight containers; avoid generating mist Uses: Sequestrant, pH control agent, texturizer in foods, angel food cake mix, meat/poultry prods., sausage, desserts, gelling juices, canned ham, meringues, canned peas; prep. of food starch modified; cooked out juices retention agent; hog/poultry scald agent; boiler water additive (food contact); migrating to foods from cotton/cotton fabrics in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 173.310, 182.70, 182.90, 182.1810, 182.6810, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com 1709

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Chemcolloids Ltd http://www.chemcolloids.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/ FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Haco Ltd http://www.haco.ch ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kemira Kemi AB http://www.kemirakemi.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prayon Inc http://www.prayon.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Albrite® STPP-F; Albrite® STPP-FC; Curafos® STPP; Nutrifos® 088; Nutrifos® BC Nutrifos® Powder Trade Names Containing: Curafos® 11-2; Curafos® 22-4; Curafos® Optibind; Curafos® Optibalance; Curavis® 250 Curavis® 350; Katch® Fish Phosphate; Kena® FP-28; Lem-O-Fos® 101; Nutrifos® B-75 Nutrifos® B-90; Nutrifos® L-50; Viscarin® ME 3397 Pentasodium tripolyphosphate. See Pentasodium triphosphate 4-Pentenoic acid CAS 591-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 209-732-7 FEMA 2843 Synonyms: Allyl acetate; Allylacetic acid; 3Vinylpropionic acid Empirical: C5H8O2 Formula: CH2:CHCH2CH2COOH Properties: Colorless liq., cheesy odor; sol. in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 100.12; dens. 0.978 (20/4 C); m.p. -22 c; b.p. 187-189 C; flash pt. 193 F; ref. index 1.429 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 470 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 315 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 315 mg/kg; toxic; poison by subcut. and IP routes; mod. toxic by ing.; corrosive; irritating to eyes, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 2-Pentenoic acid, 2-methyl-. See 2-Methyl-2pentenoic acid 1-Penten-3-ol CAS 616-25-1; EINECS/ELINCS 210-472-1 UN 1987; FEMA 3584 Synonyms: Ethyl vinyl carbinol; Pent-1-en-3-ol Empirical: C5H10O Formula: CH3CH2CH(OH)CH:CH2 Properties: Liq., butter mild green odor; sl. sol. in water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 86.14; dens. 0.838 (20/4 C); b.p. 114-116 C; flash pt. 28 C; ref. index 1.425 (20 C) Precaution: Flamm. HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: 24 mos. when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Pent-1-en-3-ol. See 1-Penten-3-ol 1-Penten-3-one. See Ethyl vinyl ketone 1-Penten-3-one, 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen1-yl)-. See Methyl β-ionone 1-Penten-3-one, 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen1-yl)-, (R-(E))-. See Methyl α-ionone 1710

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 2-Pentenylcyclopentanone-3-acetic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl jasmonate Pentiformic acid. See Caproic acid Pentosanase CAS 9068-42-2 Classification: Enzyme Uses: Enzyme for baking Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Trade Names: Enzeco® Pentosanase DV Pentyl acetate; 1-Pentyl acetate. See Amyl acetate 2-Pentyl acetate. See s-Amyl acetate n-Pentyl acetate. See Amyl acetate Pentyl acetate (all isomers). See 2-Methylbutyl acetate Pentyl alcohol; n-Pentyl alcohol. See n-Amyl alcohol s-Pentyl alcohol. See s-Amyl alcohol α-Pentylaldehyde. See α-Amylcinnamaldehyde 1-Pentylallyl acetate. See 1-Octen-3-yl acetate 1-Pentylallyl butyrate. See 1-Octen-3-yl butyrate Pentyl benzoate; n-Pentyl benzoate. See Amyl benzoate Pentyl butanoate; Pentyl butyrate. See Amyl butyrate 2-Pentyl butyrate CAS 60415-61-4; EINECS/ELINCS 262-226-8 FEMA 3893 Synonyms: 1-Methylbutyl butanoate; Pentan2-yl butyrate Empirical: C9H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; strong, penetrating odor; sol. in heptane (50%), ethanol (50%), and triacetin (50%)m.w. 158.24; sp. gr. 0.8620.868; b.p. 185-186 C; acid no. 2 max.; ref. index 1.409-1.415 Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trade Names Containing: Banana Treattarome 9730 Pentyl caproate. See Amyl hexanoate Pentylcarbinol. See Hexyl alcohol α-Pentylcinnamaldehyde. See αAmylcinnamaldehyde α-Pentyl cinnamyl acetate. See α-Amylcinnamyl acetate α-Pentylcinnamyl alcohol. See α-Amylcinnamyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

alcohol α-Pentylcinnamyl formate. See α-Amylcinnamyl formate α-Pentylcinnamyl isovalerate. See αAmylcinnamyl isovalerate Pentyl crotonyl acetate. See 1-Octen-3-yl acetate Pentyl ethanoate. See Amyl acetate n-Pentyl ethyl ketone. See 3-Octanone Pentyl formate; n-Pentyl formate. See Amyl formate Pentylformic acid. See Caproic acid 2-Pentylfuran; 2-N-Pentylfuran. See Amylfuran Pentyl-2-furoate. See Amyl 2-furoate Pentyl 2-furyl ketone CAS 14360-50-0; EINECS/ELINCS 238-333-0 FEMA 3418 Synonyms: Apricot ketone; 1-(2-Furanyl)-1hexanone; 1-(2-Furyl) hexanone; 1-(2-Furyl)1-hexanone; 2-Hexanoyl furan; Pentyl 2furyl ketone Classification: Aliphatic ketone Empirical: C10H14O2 Properties: Yel. to brown cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 166.22; dens. 0.995; b.p. 65-67 C (0.5 mm); flash pt. 25 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, dairy prods. Features: Apricot, peach-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Pentyl 2-furyl ketone. See Pentyl 2-furyl ketone Pentyl heptanoate. See Amyl heptanoate Pentyl hexanoate. See Amyl hexanoate Pentyl 2-hydroxybenzoate. See Amyl salicylate Pentyl isovalerate. See Amyl isovalerate Pentyl 2-methyl butanoate. See Amyl 2methylbutyrate Pentyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Amyl isovalerate Pentyl 2-methyl butyrate. See Amyl 2methylbutyrate n-Pentyl methyl ketone. See Methyl n-amyl ketone Pentyl octanoate; Pentyl octylate. See Amyl octanoate 3-Pentyl-3-phenyl-2-propenal. See αAmylcinnamaldehyde 2-Pentyl-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ol. See αAmylcinnamyl alcohol Pentyl propanoate; Pentyl propionate; n-Pentyl 1711

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference propionate. See Amyl propionate Pentyl salicylate. See Amyl salicylate Pentyl vinyl carbinol. See 1-Octen-3-ol n-Pentyl vinyl carbinol acetate. See 1-Octen-3-yl acetate PEO. See Polyethylene glycol Pepital. See Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal Pepper, black, oil. See Black pepper (Piper nigrum) oil Pepper, black, oleoresin. See Oleoresin black pepper Peppermint. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves Peppermint camphor. See Menthol Peppermint extract. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract Peppermint leaf. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves Peppermint leaf extract. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract Peppermint leaves. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves Peppermint leaves extract. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract Peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract CAS 84082-70-2; EINECS/ELINCS 282-015-4 Synonyms: Mentha piperita; Mentha piperita extract; Peppermint extract; Peppermint leaf extract; Peppermint leaves extract Definition: Extract of leaves of Mentha piperita Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Cosmetochem Int'l. http://www.cosmetochem.com/; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; U.S. Synthetics; Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves CAS 977018-19-1 FEMA 2847 Synonyms: Mentha piperita; Mentha piperita leaf; Mentha piperita leaves; Peppermint; Peppermint leaf; Peppermint leaves Definition: Dried leaves and tops of the peppermint, Mentha piperita Properties: Aromatic char. odor, pungent taste producing a cooling sensation in the mouth Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, to prepare the beverage peppermint tea and the infusion Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (peppermint); USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil CAS 8006-90-4; EINECS/ELINCS 308-770-2 FEMA 2848 Synonyms: Mentha piperita; Mentha piperita oil; Peppermint oil Definition: Volatile oil from steam distillation of Mentha piperita, contg. menthol, and menthyl esters incl. menthyl acetate, and menthone Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., strong penetrating peppermint odor, pungent taste producing sensation of cold when air is drawn into mouth; sol. in 4 vols 90% alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.896-0.908; flash pt. (CC) 80 C; ref. index 1.460-1.471 (20 C); tenacity 8 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2426 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 819 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; can cause allergic reactions, hay fever, skin rash; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive; store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat Uses: Natural flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, liqueurs, chewing gum; microcapsules for flavoring substances Use Level: < 3% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.230, 182.20, GRAS; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; 1712

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Europe listed (pulegone levels: 25 ppm in food to 350 ppm in mint confectionery); FDA approved for buccals, orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL; Australia; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hindustan Mint & Agro Products http://www.hindustanmint.com/; Hitech Agro Prods. Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Reindeer Menthol http://www.reindeermenthol.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; U.S. Synthetics Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Peppermint oil. See Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil Pepper oil, black. See Black pepper (Piper nigrum) oil Pepper oleoresin, black. See Oleoresin black pepper Pepsin CAS 9001-75-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-629-3 Synonyms: Lactated pepsin; Pepsin A; Pepsinum Definition: A digestive enzyme of gastric juice which hydrolyzes certain linkages of proteins to produce peptones Properties: Wh. or ylsh. wh. powd. or lustrous transparent or translucent scales, odorless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; m.w. ≈ 36,000 Toxicology: Mutagen; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; keep under argon Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of protein or polypeptides in foods; substitute for rennet in cheesemaking Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1595, GRAS; Canada, Japan approved; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker 1713

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.mallbaker.com; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Worthington Biochemical http://www.worthington-biochem.com Trade Names: Pepsin 1:3000 Powder; Pepsin 1:6000; Pepsin 1:10,000 Powd. or Gran.; Pepsin 1:15,000 Powd. Pepsin A; Pepsinum. See Pepsin Peptone; Peptone enzymatic hydrolysate; Peptones. See Hydrolyzed protein Peracetic acid CAS 79-21-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-186-8 UN 3149 (DOT) Synonyms: Acetyl hydroperoxide; Ethaneperoxic acid; PAA; Peroxyacetic acid Classification: Nonaromatic carboxylic acids Empirical: C2H4O3 Formula: CH3COOOH Properties: Colorless liq.; strong acrid odor; sol. in water, alcohol, sulfuric acid, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 76.06; dens. 1.15 (20 C); f.p. -30 C; b.p. 105 C; flash pt. 40.5 C; ref. index 1.3876 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1540 µl/ kg, (oral, mouse) 210 mg/kg; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by inh. and skin contact; strong irritant to skin, mucous membranes; inh. can cause coughing, burning sensation; ing. causes burning, irritation; tumorigen; TSCA listed Environmental: No environmental hazards; rapidly dec. to acetic acid, oxygen, and water; non-bioaccumulative Precaution: Flamm.; strong oxidizing agent; dangerous in contact with organic materials; explodes on heating above 110 C; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducing agents, heavy metal salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxygen (enhances combustion); heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in original container in cool, dry, ventilated area; keep container closed when not in use Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Bactericide and fungicide in food processing; oxidizing agent for prep. of modified hop extract for flavoring beer; prep. of food starch modified; washing/lye peeling of fruits/vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.560, 172.892, 173.315, 178.1010; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Belinka http://www.belinka.si; Brenntag (UK) Ltd http://www.brenntag.co.uk; Evonik Degussa UK; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Kleencare Hygiene; Resource Chem. Ltd http://www.resourcechemical.co.uk; Solvay Interox UK Perfluorocyclobutane. See Octafluorocyclobutane Perfluorohexane CAS 355-42-0; EINECS/ELINCS 206-585-0 Synonyms: Perfluoro-n-hexane; Tetradecafluorohexane; nTetradecafluorohexane Empirical: C6F14 Formula: CF3(CF2)4CF3 Properties: Colorless liq.; insol. in water; m.w. 338.04; dens. 1.684 (20/4 C); b.p. 54-58 C; pour pt. -90 C; ref. index 1.2520 Toxicology: LC (inh., rat, 6 h) > 20,000 ppm Environmental: zero ozone depletion potential Uses: To quick-cool or crust-freeze chickens sealed in intact bags Features: Used with 99% 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2trifluoroethane; zero ozone depletion potential Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.342 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Miteni SpA http://www.miteni.it Perfluoro-n-hexane. See Perfluorohexane Perhydrogeraniol. See 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol Periclase. See Magnesium oxide Perilla acetate. See Perillyl acetate Perilla alcohol. See Perillyl alcohol Perillaldehyde CAS 2111-75-3; 18031-40-8 (L-(-)); EINECS/ELINCS 218-302-8 FEMA 3557 Synonyms: 4-Isopropenylcyclohex-1enecarbaldehyde; 4-Isopropenyl-1cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde; p-Mentha1714

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1,8-dien-7-al; 1,8-p-Menthdien-7-al; (S)-4-(1Methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene-1carboxaldehyde; L-4-(1-Methylethenyl)-1cylcohexene-1-carboxaldehyde; DLPerillaldehyde; (S)-(-)-Perillaldehyde; Perillyl aldehyde Empirical: C10H14O Properties: Green oily fatty cherry odor; m.w. 150.22; dens. 0.965; b.p. 104-105 C (10 mm); flash pt. 204 F; ref. index 1.5072 Toxicology: Irritant; mutagen HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Cherry-like flavor Use Level: 0.1% max. in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com DL-Perillaldehyde; (S)-(-)-Perillaldehyde. See Perillaldehyde Perillo CAS 977049-04-9 Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.615 Perillol. See Perillyl alcohol Perillyl acetate CAS 15111-96-3; EINECS/ELINCS 239-162-4 FEMA 3561 Synonyms: Acetic acid perillyl ester; Dihydrocuminyl acetate; 4-Isopropenyl-1cyclohexene carbinol acetate; Menthadien7-carbinyl acetate; 1-8-p-Menthadien-7-yl acetate; p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-yl acetate; 4Methyl vinyl cyclohexene-1-methyl acetate; Perilla acetate Empirical: C12H18O2 Properties: Ylsh. to orange yel.; rich, spicy, hearbaceous odor; practically insol. in water; sol. in alcohol, oils; m.w. 194.28; sp.gr. 0.9780.986; flash pt. 93 C; ref. index 1.475-1.485 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life when stored in tight glass, aluminum, or double lined containers in a cool area away from direct heat Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Rich spicy herbal odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Perillyl alcohol CAS 536-59-4; EINECS/ELINCS 208-639-9 FEMA 2664 Synonyms: Cyclohex-1-ene-1-methanol, 4-(1methylethenyl)-; Dihydrocuminyl alcohol; 1Hydroxymethyl-4-isopropenyl-1cyclohexene; 4-Isopropenyl-cyclohex-1ene-1-methanol; 4-Isopropenylcyclohex-1en-1-ylmethanol; p-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-ol; Perilla alcohol; Perillol; (S)-(-)-Perillyl alcohol Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Liq.; green pungent fatty odor; m.w. 152.24; dens. 0.960; b.p. 119-121 C (11 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5010 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2100 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com (S)-(-)-Perillyl alcohol. See Perillyl alcohol Perillyl aldehyde. See Perillaldehyde Periodic acid CAS 10450-60-9 Empirical: H5IO6 Properties: Wh. cryst.; sol. in water, alcohol; sl. sol. in ether; m.w. 227.94; m.p. 122 C; loses 2H2O @ 100 C; dec. @ 130 C forming I2O5, H2O and O2 Toxicology: Irritant Precaution: Dangerous in contact with organic materials; oxidizer; corrosive Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Fixing agent in immobilization of enzyme preps. (foods) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.357; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigma1715

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference aldrich.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wmblythe.co.uk Perlite CAS 93763-70-3; 130885-09-5 Synonyms: Expanded perlite Classification: Silicon compd. Definition: Amorphous mineral consisting of fused sodium potassium aluminum silicate, with variable chemical composition and < 1% quartz Properties: Lt. gray to glassy black transparent solid; wh. or grayish-wh. fluffy or glassy-wh. particulate (expanded perlite); mod. sol. in NaOH; sl. sol. in min. acids (expanded); very sl. sol. in water (expanded); dens. 2.2-2.4, 0.05-0.3 (expanded perlite); m.p. > 1093 C, > 2000 F (expanded perlite); nonflamm. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, mouse) 12,960 mg/kg; sl. toxic by ing.; pract. nontoxic by inh.; nuisance dust; high concs. of dust may cause coughing and mild, temporary irritation; nonirritating to skin and eyes; not absorbed thru skin Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None known Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Silbrico http://www.silbrico.com/; Whittemore http://www.whittemoreco.com Trade Names: MP2 Harborlite® 900 Permanent white. See Zinc oxide Permanganate of potash; Permanganic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium permanganate Peroxyacetic acid. See Peracetic acid Peroxydisulfuric acid diammonium salt. See Ammonium persulfate Peroxydisulfuric acid dipotassium salt. See Potassium persulfate Peroxydisulfuric acid, disodium salt. See Sodium persulfate Peroxy sodium carbonate. See Sodium percarbonate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Persic oil. See Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil; Peach (Prunus persica) kernel oil Peru balsam oil. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) oil Peruvian balsam. See Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) Peruvian bark extract. See Cinchona extract Peruviol. See Trimethyldodecatrieneol PES. See Processed Euchema seaweed Petitgrain bigarade oil. See Petitgrain oil Petitgrain, lemon oil CAS 8048-51-9; EINECS/ELINCS 284-515-8 FEMA 2853 Synonyms: Citrus limon; Citrus limon oil; Lemon leaf oil; Lemon oil, petitgrain Definition: Oil derived from leaves, twigs, and occasionally from undeveloped fruits of the lemon tree, Citrus limon, contg. up to 50% citral Properties: Grnsh.-yel. liq.; strong fresh sweet floral fruity woody bitter odor; insol. in water; sol. in 85% alcohol; sp.gr. 0.863-0.886; flash pt. (CC) 55 C; ref. index 1.468-1.480 (20 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Natural flavoring agent, colorant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Use Level: < 3% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Petitgrain oil CAS 8014-17-3 FEMA 2854; 2855 Synonyms: Citrus aurantium; Citrus aurantium oil; Citrus vulgaris; Citrus vulgaris oil; Orange leaf oil, bitter; Orange leaf water, absolute; Petitgrain bigarade oil; Petitgrain oil saponified Definition: Volatile oil from leaves, twigs, and unripe fruit of Citrus vulgaris or C. aurantium; main constituent is linalyl acetate Properties: Pale yel. liq.; pleasant char. odor; sol. in 2 vols 80% alcohol; sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.887-0.900 (15/15 C); ref. index 1.4623 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 2 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and 1716

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Petitgrain oil saponified. See Petitgrain oil petitgrain Orange absolute. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower water Petrohol. See Isopropyl alcohol Petrolatum CAS 8009-03-8 (NF); 8027-32-5 (USP); EINECS/ELINCS 232-373-2 INS905b Synonyms: Mineral grease (petrolatum); Mineral jelly; Paraffin jelly; Petrolatum amber; Petrolatum white; Petroleum jelly; Vaseline; White petrolatum; White soft paraffin; Yellow vaseline Classification: Petroleum hydrocarbons Definition: Semisolid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from dewaxing residual oil; consists predominantly of sat. crystalline and liq. hydrocarbons with > C25 Properties: Ylsh. to lt. amber or wh. semisolid, unctuous mass; pract. odorless and tasteless; sol. in benzene, chloroform, ether, petrol. ether, oils; pract. insol. in water; insol. in alcohol; dens. 0.820-0.865 (60/25 C); m.p. 3854 C; soften. pt. 65-70 C; ref. index 1.4601.474 (60 C) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) > 50 g/kg; can cause allergic skin reactions in hypersensitive persons; generally nontoxic; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Glazing agent, sealing agent, lubricant, release agent, polishing agent in foods; release agent, lubricant in bakery prods., confectionery, dehydrated fruits and vegetables, egg white solids; chewing gum ingred.; in defoamers for beet sugar and yeast processing; protective coating on raw fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.880, 172.884, 173.340, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3700, 178.3910, 573.720; Canada DSL; FDA approved for ophthalmics, orals, topicals, otics; USP/NF compliance (petrolatum, petrolatum white); USP/NF (petrolatum, hydrophilic); BP compliance (petroleum jelly white, petroleum jelly yellow) Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/ HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/ Magie Bros. Oil; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com 1717

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Penreco http://www.penreco.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com S & S Chem.; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Avagel™ 520; Avagel™ 525; Avagel™ 560; Avatar® Amber Petrolatum; Avatar® Petrolatum SS Avatar® Snow White™; Avatar® Soft White™; Avatar® Yellow Petrolatum; Fonoline® White; Fonoline® Yellow Mineral Jelly No. 10; Mineral Jelly No. 14; Mineral Jelly No. 17; Ointment Base No. 4; Ointment Base No. 6 Penreco Amber; Penreco Blond; Penreco Cream; Penreco Lily; Penreco Regent Penreco Royal; Penreco Snow; Penreco Super; Penreco Ultima; Perfecta® Pinnacle™ 170 USP White Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 170A USP Amber Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 190 USP White Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 190A USP Amber Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 225 USP White Petrolatum Pinnacle™ 225A USP Amber Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ LC 170 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ LC 190 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ LC 225 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ WF 170 Petrolatum, USP Pinnacle™ WF 190 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ WF 225 Petrolatum, USP; Protopet® Alba; Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® White 2L Protopet® White 3C; Protopet® Yellow 2A; Sonojell® No. 4; Sonojell® No. 9; Super White Fonoline® Super White Protopet® Trade Names Containing: Avagel™ 530; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TroKote™ Petrolatum amber. See Petrolatum Petrolatum liquid. See Mineral oil Petrolatum white. See Petrolatum Petroleum benzin; Petroleum-derived naphtha. See Naphtha Petroleum distillate. See Petroleum distillates Petroleum distillate, hydrotreated middle. See Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated middle Petroleum distillate light. See Petroleum distillates Petroleum distillates CAS 8002-05-9; 64742-14-9; 64742-48-9; 6474256-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-298-5 UN 1268 (DOT) Synonyms: Petroleum distillate; Petroleum distillate light Classification: Petroleum hydrocarbons Definition: Mixture of volatile hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum Toxicology: OSHA PEL TWA 400 ppm; TDLo (parenteral, man) 57 mg/kg; human systemic effects by parenteral route (cough, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting); mildly toxic by inh., ing.; mod. skin/eye irritant; skin contact may cause defatting; vapor inh. can cause CNS depression, headache, unconsciousness; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Processing solvent, defoamer for fruit and vegetable processing Regulatory: Canada DSL Trade Names: Drakesol® 165AT; PD-25; PD-28 Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated light CAS 64742-47-8; EINECS/ELINCS 265-149-8 UN 1268 Synonyms: Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light; Hydrotreated kerosene; Hydrotreated light distillate; Hydrotreated light distillate (petroleum); Hydrotreated light petroleum distillates; Kerosene (petroleum), hydrotreated; Severely hydrotreated light distillates Classification: Petroleum distillate Definition: Complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by treating a petrol. fraction with hydrogen in presence of a catalyst; consists of hydrocarbons in C9-16 1718

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference range, boiling range 150-290 C Properties: Water-wh. oily liq.; hydrocarbon odor; sol. 1.4 ppm in water (38 C); sp.gr. 0.809 (16 C); vapor pressure 1.1 Torr (38 C); m.p. < 70 C; b.p. 150 C; flash pt. (TCC) 65 C Toxicology: High vapor concs. may cause headaches, stupor, throat/eye irritation, kidney effects; extreme aspiration into lungs may cause pneumonia or death; may cause sl. eye irritation; may cause skin irritation, redness, dermatitis on prolonged/repeated contact; suspected carcinogen; TSCA listed Environmental: Inherently biodeg. Precaution: Combustible liq. and vapor; vapors may travel to ignition source and flash back; container may explode in heat of fire; bond and ground equip. during transfer; incompat. with strong oxidizers; avoid high temps. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store @ ambient temps. and pressure Uses: Coating on egg shells; defoamer in foods; froth flotation cleaning of vegetables Regulatory: DOT regulated hazardous material in bulk quantities only; SARA §302/313 nonreportable, §311/312 fire hazard; Canada DSL, Australia listed Manuf./Distrib.: AccuStandard http://www.accustandard.com Trade Names: Drakesol® 165; Shellsol® D100S Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated middle CAS 64742-46-7; EINECS/ELINCS 265-148-2 Synonyms: Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated middle; Hydrotreated middle distillate; Hydrotreated middle petroleum distillate; Petroleum distillate, hydrotreated middle Classification: Sat. aliphatic hydrocarbon; petroleum distillate Definition: Complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by treating a petrol. fraction with hydrogen in presence of a catalyst; consists of hydrocarbons in C11-25 range, boiling range 205-400 C Toxicology: OSHA PEL TLV no limit; TDLo (skin, mouse, 2 yr. intermittent) 416 g/kg; questionable carcinogen with tumorigenic data reported; mutation data reported; TSCA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Food ingred. Regulatory: Canada DSL Trade Names: Drakesol® 205 Petroleum distillates (naphtha). See Naphtha Petroleum ether. See VM&P naphtha; Naphtha Petroleum gases, liquefied. See Propane Petroleum hydrocarbons, odorless, light Synonyms: Light petroleum hydrocarbons, odorless; Odorless light petroleum hydrocarbons Properties: Liq., faint odor; b.p. 300-650 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Coating agent for shell eggs; defoamer in beet sugar and yeast processing; frothflotation cleaning of vegetables; float on fermentation fluids in mfg. of vinegar and wine (prevents/retards access of air, evaporation, contamination); in insecticides on foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.884, 176.200, 176.210, 178.3650 Petroleum jelly. See Petrolatum Petroleum oil. See Naphtha; Mineral oil Petroleum spirit. See VM&P naphtha; Naphtha Petroleum spirits; Petroleum thinner. See VM&P naphtha Petroleum wax CAS 977051-70-9 UN 1223 (DOT); INS905c Synonyms: Microcrystalline wax; Petroleum wax, synthetic; Refined petroleum wax Classification: Petroleum hydrocarbon Definition: Hydrocarbon derived from petroleum; three types: paraffin waxes, microcrystalline waxes, and petrolatum waxes Properties: Translucent wax, odorless, tasteless; very sl. sol. in org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.p. 48-93 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum; protective coating on cheese, raw fruits and vegetables; in defoamers for beet 1719

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference sugar and yeast processing; component of microcapsules for spice-flavoring substances Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.4, 172.230, 172.615, 172.842, 172.886 (1050 ppm max. of poly(alkylacrylate) as an antioxidant), 172.888, 173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1580, 177.2410, 177.2420, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3710, 178.3720, 178.3850, 178.3910, 179.45 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Penreco http://www.penreco.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com See also Microcrystalline wax; Paraffin; Synthetic wax

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§73.355

Petroleum wax, crystalline. See Paraffin Petroleum wax, microcrystalline. See Microcrystalline wax Petroleum wax, synthetic. See Petroleum wax Petroselinum crispum. See Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) Petroselinum crispum extract. See Parsley (Carum petroselinum) extract Petroselinum crispum oleoresin. See Oleoresin parsley leaf; Oleoresin parsley seed Petroselinum crispum seed oil. See Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil Petroselinum sativum extract. See Parsley (Carum petroselinum) extract Petroselinum sativum seed oil. See Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil PG. See Propyl gallate; Propylene glycol PGA. See Folic acid PGE. See Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids PGME. See Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids PGML. See Propylene glycol laurate PGMS. See Propylene glycol stearate PGPR. See Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate

α-Phellandrene CAS 99-83-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202-792-5 FEMA 2856 Synonyms: α-Fellandrene; 4-Isopropyl-1methyl-1,5-cyclohexadiene; 5-Isopropyl-2methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene; p-Mentha-1,5diene; 2-Methyl-5-isopropyl-1,3cyclohexadiene; 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)1,3-cyclohexadiene Classification: Monocyclic terpene Empirical: C10H16 Formula: CH3C:CHCH2CH[CH(CH2)2]CH:CH Properties: Colorless to pale yel. mobile oil or liq.; minty herbaceous odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 136.24; dens. 0.850; b.p. 175 C; flash pt. 117 F; ref. index 1.471-1.477; tenacity 2 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5700 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; ing. can cause vomiting, diarrhea; can be irritating to, and absorbed through, skin; severe human skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. liq. exposed to heat, sparks, or flame; incompat. with air Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Minty flavor Use Level: 1-5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-2243); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com

Phaffia yeast CAS 977165-85-7 Definition: Killed, dried cells of a nonpathogenic and nontoxigenic strain of the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma Properties: Solid Uses: Colorant for fish feed to enhance color of salmonid fish

Phenacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal. See Phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal 4a(2H)-Phenanthrenecarboxylic acid, 1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-5,6-dihydroxy-1,1dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-, (4aR,10aS)- (9CI). See Carnosic acid Phene. See Benzene Phenethanol; β-Phenethanol. See Phenethyl

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference alcohol 1-Phenethoxy-1-propoxyethane. See Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal Phenethyl acetate; 2-Phenethyl acetate; βPhenethyl acetate. See 2-Phenylethyl acetate s-Phenethyl acetate. See α-Methylbenzyl acetate Phenethyl alcohol CAS 60-12-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-456-2 UN 2810 (DOT; UN IATA); FEMA 2858 Synonyms: Benzeneethanol; Benzyl carbinol; Ethanol, 2-phenyl-; β-Hydroxyethylbenzene; Methanol, benzyl-; Orange oil; PEA; β-PEA; Phenethanol; β-Phenethanol; 2-Phenethyl alcohol; β-Phenethyl alcohol; 2Phenylethanol; β-Phenylethanol; Phenylethyl alcohol; 2-Phenylethyl alcohol; β-Phenylethyl alcohol; Rose oil Classification: Aromatic alcohol Empirical: C8H10O Formula: C6H5CH2CH2OH Properties: Colorless liq., floral rose odor, burning taste; sol. in fixed oils, glycerin, propylene glycol, oxygenated solvs.; misc. with alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 122.18; dens. 1.0245 (15 C); vapor pressure 1 mm (58 C); m.p. -27 C; b.p. 220 C; flash pt. 102 C; ref. index 1.532 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1790 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 790 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact; harmful by inh.; skin, eye, and respiratory system irritant; may cause severe CNS injury; may cause anesthesia, ataxia, coma, gastritis, fetal death; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting; experimental teratogen, reproductive effector; mutagenic data; target organs: CNS; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids; reactive with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods Features: Mildly floral, rose-like fragrance and flavoring with nuances of hyacinth and honey Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.515, CIR approved, EPA reg.; FEMA GRAS; JSCI listed; FDA approved for ophthalmics, otics, topicals, vaginals; Australia AICS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances http://www.iff.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodia-ppa.com/ppa/home.jsp; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality 1721

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Phenylethyl Alcohol Extra See also Rose oil 2-Phenethyl alcohol. See Phenethyl alcohol α-Phenethyl alcohol. See α-Methylbenzyl alcohol β-Phenethyl alcohol. See Phenethyl alcohol s-Phenethyl alcohol. See α-Methylbenzyl alcohol Phenethyl alcohol, benzoate. See Phenethyl benzoate Phenethyl alcohol, formate. See Phenethyl formate Phenethyl 2-aminobenzoate; β-Phenethyl-oaminobenzoate. See Phenethyl anthranilate Phenethyl anthranilate CAS 133-18-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-098-0 FEMA 2859 Synonyms: 2-Aminobenzoic acid phenethyl ester; Anthranilic acid, phenethyl ester; Benzoic acid, 2-amino-, 2-phenylethyl ester; Benzyl carbinyl anthranilate; Phenethyl 2aminobenzoate; β-Phenethyl-oaminobenzoate; 2-Phenylethyl-oaminobenzoate; β-Phenylethyl-oaminobenzoate; Phenylethyl anthranilate; 2Phenylethyl anthranilate Classification: Aromatic ester Definition: Ester of anthranilic acid and phenylethyl alcohol Empirical: C15H15NO2 Formula: H2NC6H4COOC2H4C6H5 Properties: Wh. to yel. cryst. mass; odor of grape and orange; insol. in water; m.w. 241.29; dens. 1.14; m.p. 39-44 C; b.p. 226 C; flash pt. > 230 F Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Honey-like, fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Phenethyl benzoate CAS 94-47-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-336-5 FEMA 2860 Synonyms: Benzoic acid phenethyl ester; Benzyl carbinyl benzoate; Phenethyl alcohol, benzoate; Phenylethyl benzoate; 2Phenylethyl benzoate; β-Phenylethyl benzoate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C15H14O2 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. oily liq., rose honey-like odor; insol. in water; m.w. 226.28; dens. 1.093; b.p. 182 C (12 mm); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.558-1.562 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Protect from light; store away from heat Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Honey-like flavor Use Level: 0.5% max. as benzoic acid in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Phenethyl butanoate; 2-Phenethyl butanoate; βPhenethyl-n-butanoate. See Phenethyl butyrate Phenethyl butyrate CAS 103-52-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-119-8 FEMA 2861 Synonyms: Benzylcarbinyl butyrate; Butyric acid phenethyl ester; Phenethyl butanoate; 2-Phenethyl butanoate; β-Phenethyl-nbutanoate; Phenylethyl butyrate; 2Phenylethyl butyrate Classification: Aromatic ester Definition: Ester of phenylethyl alcohol and nbutyric acid Empirical: C12H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq., rose-like odor, sweet honey-like taste; insol. in water; m.w. 192.26; dens. 0.994; b.p. 260 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. 1722

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference index 1.488-1.492 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4600 µl/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet grape, strawberry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Phenethyl caproate. See Phenethyl hexanoate Phenethyl caprylate CAS 5457-70-5 FEMA 3222 Synonyms: Benzylcarbinyl octanoate; Phenethyl octanoate; 2-Phenethyl octanoate; Phenylethyl caprylate; Phenylethyl octanoate; 2-Phenylethyl octanoate Classification: Ester Empirical: C16H24O2 Properties: Colorless, oily liq.; mild fruity winelike odor; sol. in oils; misc. with ethanol @ R.T.; insol. in water; m.w. 248.36; b.p. 143.5 C (1.5 mm Hg); acid no. 1 max.; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C; ref. index 1.479-1.486 Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Phenethyl carbinol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol Phenethyl cinnamate CAS 103-53-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-120-3 FEMA 2863 Synonyms: Benzyl carbinyl cinnamate; Benzyl carbinyl 3-phenyl propenoate; Cinnamic acid phenethyl ester; β-Phenethyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cinnamate; Phenylethyl cinnamate; 2Phenylethyl cinnamate; 3-Phenyl-2propenoic acid 2-phenyl ethyl ester Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C17H16O2 Formula: C6H5CH=CHCO2CH2CH2C6H5 Properties: Wh. cryst. solid, sweet balsamic odor; sol. in hot alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 252.32; m.p. 68 C; b.p. > 300 C; flash pt. (TCC) > 212 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg, (oral, guinea pig) 4500 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; irritating to skin; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com β-Phenethyl cinnamate. See Phenethyl cinnamate Phenethyl 3,3-dimethylacrylate. See Phenethyl senecioate Phenethylene. See Styrene Phenethyl ester isovaleric acid. See Phenethyl isovalerate Phenethyl ethanoate. See 2-Phenylethyl acetate Phenethyl formate CAS 104-62-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-220-7 FEMA 2864 Synonyms: Benzylcarbinyl formate; Benzyl carbinyl methanoate; Formic acid phenethyl ester; Phenethyl alcohol, formate; 2-Phenylethyl formate; βPhenylethyl formate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C9H10O2 Formula: HCO2CH2CH2C6H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 150.17; 1.056-1.062; b.p. 226 C; acid no. 1.0 max.; ref. index 1.506-1.510 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3220 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating 1723

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Rose green hyacinth watercress herbal odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Phenethyl hexanoate CAS 6290-37-5; EINECS/ELINCS 228-538-3 FEMA 3221 Synonyms: Benzyl carbinyl caproate; Benzyl carbinyl hexanoate; Hexanoic acid phenethyl ester; Hexanoic acid phenyl ethyl ester; Phenethyl caproate; 2-Phenyl ethyl caproate; 2-Phenyl ethyl hexanoate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C14H20O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 220.31; sp. gr. 0.971; flash pt. (TCC) > 212 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in beverages Features: Fruity banana, pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1,2-O-Phenethylideneglycerol. See Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetal Phenethyl isobutyrate CAS 103-48-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-116-1 FEMA 2862 Synonyms: Benzylcarbinol isobutyrate; Benzylcarbinyl isobutyrate; Isobutyric acid phenethyl ester; Phenylethyl isobutyrate; 2Phenylethyl isobutyrate; β-Phenylethyl isobutyrate; Phenylethyl 2methylpropanoate; 2-Phenylethyl-2methylpropionate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C12H16O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCOOC2H4C6H5 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; pleasant rosy odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, fixed oils; insol. in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

water @ 230 C; m.w. 192.26; dens. 0.988; b.p. 250 C; flash pt. 227 F; ref. index 1.488 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5200 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Phenethyl isothiocyanate CAS 2257-09-2; EINECS/ELINCS 218-855-5 FEMA 4014 Synonyms: Benzene, (2-isothiocyanatoethyl)-; 2-Isothiocyanatoethylbenzene; Isothiocyanic acid, phenethyl ester; βPhenethyl isothiocyanate; Phenylethyl isothiocyanate; 2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate; β-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate; Phenylethyl mustard oil Empirical: C9H9NS Properties: Colorless to yel. liq.; sol. 110 mg/l in water (20 C); m.w. 163.24; dens. 1.094 g/ml; vapor pressure 0.0113 mm Hg; b.p. 113 C (1 mm Hg); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5888 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 700 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 150 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 50 mg/kg; harmful by ing., inh., skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may cause sensitization by inh., skin contact; 1724

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference lachrymator; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting; chronic exposure may cause asthma, lung irritation, edema which may be fatal; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with heat, water, alcohols, strong bases, amines, acids, strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may produce CO, CO2, NOx, SOx, hydrogen cyanide; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Sensitive to moisture; keep tightly closed; store refrigerated; store under N2 Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com β-Phenethyl isothiocyanate. See Phenethyl isothiocyanate Phenethyl isovalerate CAS 140-26-1; EINECS/ELINCS 205-406-3 FEMA 2871 Synonyms: 3-Methylbutanoic acid 2phenylethyl ester; 3-Methylbutyric acid phenethyl ester; Phenethyl ester isovaleric acid; Phenethyl 3-methylbutyrate; Phenylethyl isovalerate; 2-Phenylethyl isovalerate; β-Phenylethyl isovalerate; Phenylethyl isovalerianate; Phenylethyl 3methylbutanoate; 2-Phenylethyl-3methylbutyrate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C13H18O2 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; fruity rosy odor; m.w. 206.29; dens. 0.974; b.p. 268 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4850 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6220 mg/kg; mildly Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Phenethyl-2-methylbutyrate CAS 24817-51-4; EINECS/ELINCS 246-476-5 FEMA 3632 Synonyms: Benzylcarbinyl 2-methylbutyrate; Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-phenylethyl ester; Butyric acid, 2-methyl-, phenethyl ester; 2-Methylbutyric acid, phenethyl ester; β-Phenylethyl α-methylbutanoate; Phenylethyl 2-methylbutyrate; 2Phenylethyl 2-methylbutyrate; Rose butanoate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C13H18O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol, dipropylene glycol, and fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 206.29; sp. gr. 0.975; acid no. 2 max.; flash pt. > 212 F; ref. index 1.4860 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected 1725

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity, floral, green, sweet, waxy flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Phenethyl 3-methylbutyrate. See Phenethyl isovalerate Phenethyl 2-methylcrotonate. See Phenethyl tiglate Phenethyl 3-methylcrotonate. See Phenethyl senecioate Phenethylmethylethylcarbinol. See 1-Phenyl-3methyl-3-pentanol Phenethyl octanoate; 2-Phenethyl octanoate. See Phenethyl caprylate Phenethyl phenylacetate CAS 102-20-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-013-1 FEMA 2866 Synonyms: Benzeneacetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester; Benzylcarbinyl-α-toluate; Phenylacetic acid, phenethyl ester; Phenylethyl phenylacetate; 2-Phenylethyl phenylacetate; β-Phenylethyl phenylacetate; 2-Phenylethyl-α-toluate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C16H16O2 Formula: C6H5(CH2)2OOCCH2C6H5 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq. above 26 C or cryst. solid; rosy hyacinth odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 240.32; dens. 1.0791.082; m.p. 26.5 C; flash pt. > 212 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 3190 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp. emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Interchem http://www.interchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Phenethyl propionate CAS 122-70-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-567-7 FEMA 2867 Synonyms: Benzylcarbinyl propionate; 2Phenethyl propionate; Phenylethyl propanoate; Phenylethyl propionate; 2Phenylethyl propionate; Propanoic acid-2phenylethyl ester; Propionic acid phenethyl ester Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: C2H5COOC2H4C6H5 Properties: Colorless liq.; floral-fruity odor; misc. with alcohols, ether; m.w. 178.23; dens. 1.007; b.p. 245 C; flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.4930 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Protect from air and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence 1726

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 2-Phenethyl propionate. See Phenethyl propionate Phenethyl salicylate CAS 87-22-9; EINECS/ELINCS 201-732-5 FEMA 2868 Synonyms: Benzyl carbinyl 2hydroxybenzoate; 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid 2phenethyl ester; Phenylethyl 2hydroxybenzoate; Phenylethyl salicylate; 2Phenylethyl salicylate; Salicylic acid phenyl ethyl ester Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C15H14O3 Formula: 2-(HO)C6H4CO2CH2CH2C6H5 Properties: Wh. cryst.; balsamic odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 242.27; solid. pt. 41 C; m.p. 44 C; acid no. 1.0 max.; flash pt. > 212 F Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Phenethyl senecioate CAS 42078-65-9; EINECS/ELINCS 255-649-4 FEMA 2869 Synonyms: Phenethyl 3,3-dimethylacrylate; Phenethyl 3-methylcrotonate; phenyl ethyl β,β-dimethyl acrylate; 2-Phenyl ethyl 3methyl-2-butenoate; 2-Phenylethyl senecioate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C13H16O2 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; misc. with ethanol @ R.T.; m.w. 204.26; sp. gr. 1.012; b.p. 305-306 C; acid no. 1 max.; ref. index 1.514-1.520 Toxicology: TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Deep sweet herbal wine odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Phenethyl tiglate CAS 55719-85-2; EINECS/ELINCS 259-774-5 FEMA 2870 Synonyms: Benzyl carbinyl tiglate; 2-Methylbut-2-enoic acid phenethyl ester; Phenethyl 2-methylcrotonate; Phenylethyl (2E)-2methyl-2-butenoate; Phenylethyl-αmethylbutenoate; Phenylethyl tiglate; 2Phenylethyl tiglate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C13H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq., warm rose-like odor, sweet winey taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 204.27; dens. 1.018; b.p. 259 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5140 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Phenethyl valerate CAS 7460-74-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-246-9 Classification: Ester Empirical: C13H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity odor; m.w. 206.28; sp. gr. 0.973; acid no. 1; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Phenetol. See Propiophenone p-Phenetolcarbamide; p-Phenetolecarbamide; pPhenetylurea. See Dulcin Phenic acid. See Phenol

1727

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Phenol CAS 108-95-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-632-7 UN 1671 (solid); UN 2312 (fused); UN 2821 (sol'n.); FEMA 3223 Synonyms: Benzenol; 'Carbolic acid'; Hydroxybenzene; Liquid phenol; Monohydroxybenzene; Monophenol; Oxybenzene; Phenic acid; Phenol alcohol; Phenol, liquefied; Phenyl hydrate; Phenyl hydroxide; Phenylic acid; Phenylic alcohol Classification: Aromatic organic compd.; carbolic acid Empirical: C6H6O Formula: C6H5OH Properties: Colorless to lt. pink needle-shaped cryst.; char. odor of coal tar and wood; burning taste; sol. in alcohol, glycerin, chloroform, ether, water; misc. with oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; sl. sol. in min. oil; m.w. 94.11; dens. 1.07; m.p. 40-42 C; b.p. 182 C; flash pt. 79 C; darkens on exposure to lt., air Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 317 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 460 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 112 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 850 mg/kg; poison by ing., subcut., IV, IP routes; human poison by ing.; mod. toxic by skin contact; severe eye/skin irritant; ing. of even sm. amts. may cause vomiting, circulatory collapse, paralysis, convulsions, coma, grnsh. urine, necrosis of mouth and GI tract; death results from respiratory failure; may cause serious skin burns; possible carcinogen; human mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; vapor is flamm.; DOT: poisonous material; explosive and violent reactions possible; polymerizes violently when combined with isocyanates Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 4, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; deliq.; moisture- and lightsensitive; store frozen Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings Use Level: 0.5% (topicals), 0.2-5% (parenterals), 1% max. (soaps, shampoos) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 177.1210, 177.1580, 177.2410, 177.2600, 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; HAP; FDA approved for injectables, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

parenterals, topicals; Canada DSL; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; Barker Ind. http://www.barkerind.com; Brenntag (UK) Ltd http://www.brenntag.co.uk; Chance & Hunt http://www.chancehunt.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Chevron http://www.chevron.com/; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Dakota Gasification http://www.dakotagas.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com Dow http://www.dow.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GE Plastics http://www.geplastics.com; Georgia Gulf http://www.ggc.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; INEOS Phenol http://www.ineosphenol.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kessler http://www.kesslerchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de Miljac http://www.miljac.com; PCAS http://www.pcas.fr; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Roche Diagnostics http://www.roche-applied-science.com; Royale Pigments & Chems. http://www.royalepigments-chem.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; 1728

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Schenectady Herdillia Ltd http://www.siigroup.com/herdillia/index.htm l; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Sunoco http://www.sunocochem.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Phenol acetate. See Phenyl acetate Phenol alcohol. See Phenol Phenolcarbinol. See Benzyl alcohol Phenol, 3,4-dimethyl-. See 3,4-Xylenol Phenol, (1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methoxy-. See 3-tButyl-4-hydroxyanisole Phenol, 2,4-di-t-pentyl-. See 2,4-Di-t-amylphenol Phenol, p-ethyl-. See p-Ethylphenol Phenol-formaldehyde, crosslinked, sulfitemodified Uses: Ion exchange resin for food treatment Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.25 Phenol, o-isopropyl-. See o-Isopropylphenol Phenol, liquefied. See Phenol Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-methyl-. See 2-Methoxy-4methylphenol Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-. See Isoeugenol Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-. See Eugenol Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-propyl-. See Dihydroeugenol Phenol, 3,4-(methylenedioxy). See Sesamol Phenol methyl ether. See Anisole Phenol, 2-(1-methylethyl)-. See oIsopropylphenol Phenol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-. See Thymol Phenoxyacetic acid CAS 122-59-8; EINECS/ELINCS 204-556-7 FEMA 2872 Synonyms: Glycolic acid phenyl ether; Glycollic acid phenyl ether; Phenoxyethanoic acid; o-Phenylglycolic acid; Phenylium Classification: aromatic acid Empirical: C8H8O3 Formula: C6H5OCH2COOH Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Off-wh. cryst. solid, sour odor, honey-like taste; readily sol. in alcohol, ether, benzene, CS2, glac. acetic acid, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 152.14; m.p. 95 C; b.p 285 C (some decomp.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1500 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 323 mg/kg; harmful solid; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; mild irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A.H. Marks http://www.ahmarks.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Chemtura/Great Lakes http://www.chemtura.com/corporate/v/index .jsp?vgnextoid=2a497e765e59b010VgnVCM 10000052d7010aRCRD&vgn; Chunking http://www.chunkingchem.com; DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mikuni Pharmaceutical Ind. http://www.mikuni-seiyaku.co.jp; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Phenoxybenzene. See Diphenyl oxide Phenoxyethanoic acid. See Phenoxyacetic acid Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate CAS 103-60-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-127-1 FEMA 2873 Synonyms: Isobutyric acid 2-phenoxyethyl ester; 2-Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate; 2Phenoxyethyl 2-methylpropanoate; 2Phenoxyethyl 2-methylpropionate; Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-phenoxyethyl ester Empirical: C12H16O3 Properties: Colorless liq., honey rose-like odor, sweet peach-like taste; misc. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 208.26; dens. 1.044; b.p. 265 C; flash pt. > 212 F; ref. index 1.492 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, 1729

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodia-ppa.com/ppa/home.jsp; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com

gelatin desserts, ice cream, maraschino cherries, puddings Features: Pungent, green, hyacinth-like, apricot, berry-like flavor and fragrance Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com

2-Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate; 2-Phenoxyethyl 2methylpropanoate; 2-Phenoxyethyl 2methylpropionate. See Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate

Phenylacetaldehyde 2,3-butylene glycol acetal CAS 5468-06-4 FEMA 2875 Synonyms: 2- Benzyl-4,5-dimethyl-1,3dioxolane; 4,5-Dimethyl-2-benzyl-1,3dioxolan; 4,5- Dimethyl-2-(phenyl methyl)1,3-dioxolane Empirical: C12H16O2 Properties: Colorless visc. liq., earthy fragrance, fruity flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 192.26; sp. gr. 1.016; flash pt. (TCC) 243 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL

Phenylacetaldehyde CAS 122-78-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-574-5 FEMA 2874 Synonyms: Benzeneacetaldehyde; Hyacinthin; PAA; Phenylacetic aldehyde; Phenylethanal; α-Tolualdehyde; α-Toluic aldehyde Classification: aromatic compd. Empirical: C8H8O Formula: C5H5CH2CHO Properties: Colorless oily liq., becomes more visc. on standing; hyacinth, lilac odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, propylene glycol, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 120.16; dens. 1.0123-1.030; m.p. 33-34 C; b.p. 194-196 C; flash pt. 68 C; ref. index 1.525-1.545 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1550 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, bakery prods., nonalcoholic beverages, chewing gum, confections, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Phenylacetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal CAS 68345-22-2; EINECS/ELINCS 269-851-5 FEMA 3384 Synonyms: (2,2-Bis(2-methyl propoxy)ethyl) benzene; 1,1-Diisobutoxy-2-phenylethane Definition: Synthetic acetal aromatic Empirical: C16H26O2 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 250.38; sp. gr. 1.016; b.p. 263-264 C; flash pt. (TCC) 243 F; ref. index 1.500 ± 0.02 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages Features: Sweet floral green odor/taste Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL 1730

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal CAS 101-48-4; EINECS/ELINCS 202-945-6 FEMA 2876 Synonyms: (2,2-Dimethoxyethyl)-benzene; 1,1,-Dimethoxy-2-phenylethane; PADMA; Phenacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal; α-Tolyl aldehyde dimethyl acetal; Viridine Classification: Aromatic compd. Empirical: C10H14O2 Formula: C6H5CH2CH(OCH3)2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq., strong rose-like odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin; m.w. 166.24; dens. 1.000-1.006; b.p. 95-98 C (10 mm); flash pt. 89 C; ref. index 1.493 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Alkali-stable, moderate tenacity Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetal CAS 5694-72-4; EINECS/ELINCS 227-164-8 FEMA 2877 Synonyms: 2-Benzyl-1,3-dioxolan-4ylmethanol; 2-Benzyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3dioxane; 2-Benzyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3dioxolane; 2-Benzyl-4-methanol-1,3dioxane; 1,2-O-Phenethylideneglycerol; Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl 1,2-cyclic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acetal Empirical: C11H14O3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. visc. liq., faint sweet rosy odor, sweet green flavor; insol. in water; m.w. 194.23; dens. 1.1650-1.1680 (15 C); flash pt. 95 C; ref. index 1.5315-1.5345 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1720 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 523 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 1-10% Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetals. See Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl cyclic acetals Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl 1,2-cyclic acetal. See Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetal Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl cyclic acetals CAS 29895-73-6; EINECS/ELINCS 249-934-2 FEMA 2877 Synonyms: Benzeneacetaldehyde, cyclic acetal with glycerol; Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetals Definition: Prepared from phenol acetaldehyde and glycerol Empirical: C11H14O3 Properties: Colorless sl. visc. liq.; tenacious, honey, cyclamen, rose odor; m.w. 194.23; sp. gr. 1.154-1.162; ref. index 1.529-1.534 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet green flavo Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Phenyl acetate CAS 122-79-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-575-0 FEMA 3958 Synonyms: Acetic acid, phenyl ester; Acetoxybenzene; (Acetyloxy) benzene; Acetylphenol; Phenol acetate Classification: Phenyl esters Empirical: C8H8O2 Formula: C6H5OOCCH3 Properties: Water-wh. liq.; sol. in alcohol, glac. acetic acid, ether; misc. with oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; almost insol. in water; m.w. 136.16; sp.gr. 1.073-1.079; vapor pressure 0.5 mm Hg (20 C); b.p. 195-196 C; flash pt. 1731

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference (PMCC) 80 C; ref. index 1.500-1.506 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1630 µl/kg, (skin, rabbit) 8000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; irritating to skin; ing. may cause nausea, vomiting, pain, upset stomach, diarrhea; target organs: lungs, respiratory system, eyes, skin; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, sewers, watercourses; non-ozone-depleting Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; combustible liq. and vapor; high temps. can cause sealed containers to rupture due to buildup of internal pressure; hot org. chem. vapors/mists can suddenly combust when mixed with air; ground before transfer; container hazardous when empty; incompat. with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Smoke, soot, toxic/irritating fumes (CO, CO2); heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, ignition sources, direct sunlight; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; SARA §302 nonreportable, §311/312 fire/acute health/chronic health hazard, §313 nonreportable; Calif. Prop. 65 nonreportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; CrossChem http://www.crosschem.net; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Phenylacetic acid CAS 103-82-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-148-6 UN 1759 (DOT; UN IATA); FEMA 2878 Synonyms: Benzenacetic acid; Benzeneacetic acid; ω-Phenylacetic acid; α-Toluic acid; αTolylic acid Classification: Aromatic acid Empirical: C8H8O2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: C6H5CH2COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. or flakes; disagreeable geranium odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, hot water, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; sl. sol. in cold water; m.w. 136.16; dens. 1.0809; m.p. 77-78 C; b.p. 265.5 C; flash pt. > 100 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2250 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1600 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 1500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., subcut., IP routes; experimental teratogen; causes burns; risk of serious damage to eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; wear suitable protective clothing; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Interchem http://www.interchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Mikuni Pharmaceutical Ind. http://www.mikuniseiyaku.co.jp Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; V. 1732

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com ω-Phenylacetic acid. See Phenylacetic acid Phenylacetic acid 3,7-dimethyl-7-octenyl ester. See Rhodinyl phenylacetate Phenylacetic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl phenylacetate Phenylacetic acid hexyl ester. See Hexyl phenylacetate Phenylacetic acid, isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl phenylacetate Phenyl acetic acid isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl phenylacetate Phenylacetic acid, p-methoxybenzyl ester. See Anisyl phenylacetate Phenylacetic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl phenylacetate Phenylacetic acid, phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl phenylacetate Phenyl acetic acid santalyl ester. See Santalyl phenylacetate Phenylacetic acid p-tolyl ester. See p-Tolyl phenylacetate Phenylacetic aldehyde. See Phenylacetaldehyde Phenylacrolein. See Cinnamal 3-Phenylacrylic acid; β-Phenylacrylic acid; t-βPhenylacrylic acid. See Cinnamic acid Phenylalanine (INCI); 3-Phenylalanine; 3-PhenylL-alanine; Phenyl-α-alanine; β-Phenylalanine; β-Phenyl-α-alanine. See L-Phenylalanine D-Phenylalanine CAS 673-06-3; EINECS/ELINCS 211-603-5 Synonyms: Alanine, phenyl-, D-; αAminohydrocinnamic acid; D-α-Amino-βphenylpropionic acid; D-β-Phenylalanine; (R)-(+)-Phenylalanine; D-β-Phenyl-αaminopropionic acid Empirical: C9H11NO2 Formula: C6H5CH2CH(NH2)CO2H Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., needles or prisms; very sol. in 95% ethanol; sol. in water; sl. sol. in methanol, petrol. ether; m.w. 165.21; m.p. 273-284 C (dec.); b.p. 295 C (sublimes); ref. index 1.600 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 5452 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 2100 µg/kg; low toxicity by IP route; may cause eye/skin irritation; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; may cause GI effects, hypermotility, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Probably combustible; reacts with Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

strong oxidizing agents, acids, bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of CO, CO2, NOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: May be light-sensitive; store in cool, dry place; store refrigerated; protect from light; keep container closed Uses: Nutrient in food Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced ChemTech http://www.advancedchemtech.com/; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Chem-Impex Int'l. http://www.chemimpex.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Kaneka http://www.kaneka.co.jp; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Labs http://www.speclab.com TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com D-β-Phenylalanine. See D-Phenylalanine DL-Phenylalanine CAS 150-30-1; EINECS/ELINCS 205-756-7 FEMA 3726 Synonyms: α-Amino-β-phenylpropionic acid; DL-α-Amino-β-phenylpropionic acid Classification: Amino acid Empirical: C9H11NO2 Properties: Wh. cryst. platelets, odorless; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 165.19 HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Nutrient; dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, nut prods., condiments, seasonings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Bachem 1733

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://bachem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko USA http://www.kyowausa.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ L-Phenylalanine CAS 63-91-2; EINECS/ELINCS 200-568-1 FEMA 3585 Synonyms: Alanine, phenyl-; Alanine, 3phenyl-; l-Alanine, phenyl-; (S)-αAminobenzenepropanoic acid; αAminohydrocinnamic acid; α-Amino-βphenylpropionic acid; L-α-Amino-βphenylpropionic acid; PAL; Phenylalanine (INCI); 3-Phenylalanine; 3-Phenyl-L-alanine; Phenyl-α-alanine; β-Phenylalanine; βPhenyl-α-alanine Classification: Amino acid Definition: Avail. commercially as the naturally occurring L(+)-enantiomer Empirical: C9H11NO2 Formula: C6H5CH2CH(CH2)COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., sl. odor, bitter taste; sol. in water; very sl. sol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 165.21; m.p. 275-283 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 5287 mg/kg; mildly toxic by IP route; experimental reproductive effects; human mutation data; hazard to PKU individuals; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, 5.8% max.; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMINO GmbH http://www.aminoactives.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com (R)-(+)-Phenylalanine. See D-Phenylalanine 3-Phenylallyl acetate; γ-Phenylallyl acetate. See Cinnamyl acetate 3-Phenylallyl alcohol; γ-Phenylallyl alcohol. See Cinnamyl alcohol 3-Phenylallyl benzoate. See Cinnamyl benzoate 3-Phenylallyl butanoate. See Cinnamyl butyrate Phenylallyl cinnamate. See Cinnamyl cinnamate 3-Phenylallyl isovalerate. See Cinnamyl isovalerate 3-Phenylallyl methanoate. See Cinnamyl formate 3-Phenylallyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Cinnamyl isovalerate 3-Phenylallyl 2-methylpropanoate. See Cinnamyl isobutyrate 3-Phenylallyl phenylacetate. See Cinnamyl phenylacetate 1734

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 3-Phenylallyl propionate; γ-Phenylallyl propionate. See Cinnamyl propionate D-β-Phenyl-α-aminopropionic acid. See DPhenylalanine 1-(Phenylazo)-2-naphthalenamine. See 1(Phenylazo)-2-naphthylamine 1-(Phenylazo)-2-naphthylamine CAS 85-84-7 Synonyms: 1-Benzeneazo-2-naphthylamine; 1Benzene-azo-β-naphthylamine; CI 11380; Ext. D&C Yellow No. 9; FD&C Yellow No. 3; Food yellow 10; 1-(Phenylazo)-2naphthalenamine; Solvent yellow 5; Yellow AB Empirical: C16H13N3 Formula: C6H5N2C10H6NH2 Properties: Orange or red platelets; sol. in alcohol, oils; insol. in water; m.w. 247.32; m.p. 102-104 C Toxicology: LDLo (oral, rabbit) 1000 mg/kg, (subcut., rabbit) 1000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., subcut. routes; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §81.10 Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Phenyl benzene. See Biphenyl 4-Phenyl butanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl-4phenylbutyrate 4-Phenylbutanoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl 4-phenylbutyrate 4-Phenyl-2-butanol CAS 2344-70-9; EINECS/ELINCS 219-055-9 FEMA 2879 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxy-4-phenyl butane; αMethyl benzene propanol; Methyl phenyl ethyl carbinol; 4-Phenyl butan-2-ol; Phenylethyl methyl carbinol Classification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C10H14O Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; b.p. 239.00-240.00 C @ 760.00 mm Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Floral, peony,foliage, sweet mimosa odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com 4-Phenyl butan-2-ol. See 4-Phenyl-2-butanol 2-Phenyl-3-butenol. See 4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-ol 4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-ol CAS 17488-65-2; EINECS/ELINCS 241-501-6 FEMA 2880 Synonyms: Homocinnamyl alcohol; Methyl styryl carbinol; 2-Phenyl-3-butenol Empirical: C10H12O Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol in org. solvents and oils; insol. in water; m.w. 148.20; sp. gr. 1.00600-1.01200; b.p. 140.00 C @ 12.00 mm; ref. index 1.55800-1.56700 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet, mild, fruity, floral, balsamic odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Daniels Fine Chems. http://www.dfccan.com/ 4-Phenylbutenone; 4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one; trans-4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one. See Benzylidene acetone 4-Phenyl-2-butyl acetate CAS 10415-88-0; EINECS/ELINCS 233-890-6 FEMA 2882 Synonyms: α- methyl benzene propanol acetate; 1-Methyl-3-phenylpropyl acetate; Phenylethyl methyl carbinyl acetate Empirical: C12H16O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 192.26; sp. gr. 0.991; b.p. 72-74 (0.05 mm Hg); ref. index 1.495 ± 0.02 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Mild, green, fruity odor with a sweet, fruity taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com Phenylcarbinol. See Benzyl alcohol Phenylcarboxylic acid. See Benzoic acid Phenyldimethyl carbinyl isobutyrate. See α,αDimethylbenzyl isobutyrate 2-Phenyl-m-dioxan-5-ol. See Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal Phenyl disulfide CAS 882-33-7; EINECS/ELINCS 212-926-4 1735

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference FEMA 3225 Synonyms: Biphenyl disulfide; Diphenyl disulfide; Disulfide, diphenyl Empirical: C12H10S2 Properties: Wh. to off-wh. cryst. powd.; stench; m.w. 218.33; m.p. 58-60 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 100 mg/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, SOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, puddings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Oakwood Prods. http://www.oakwoodchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sumitomo Seika http://www.sumitomoseika.co.jp; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Phenylethanal. See Phenylacetaldehyde Phenylethanoic acid butyl ester. See Butyl phenylacetate 1-Phenylethanol. See α-Methylbenzyl alcohol 2-Phenylethanol; β-Phenylethanol. See Phenethyl alcohol 1-Phenylethanone; 1-Phenyl-1-ethanone. See Acetophenone Phenylethene. See Styrene Phenyl ether. See Diphenyl oxide Phenyl ethyl acetate. See 2-Phenylethyl acetate 1-Phenylethyl acetate. See α-Methylbenzyl acetate 2-Phenylethyl acetate CAS 103-45-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-113-5 FEMA 2857 Synonyms: Acetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester; Benzylcarbinyl acetate; Phenethyl acetate; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2-Phenethyl acetate; β-Phenethyl acetate; Phenethyl ethanoate; Phenyl ethyl acetate; β-Phenylethyl acetate Classification: aromatic compd. Definition: Ester of phenethyl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C10H12O2 Formula: CH3COOCH2CH2C6H5 Properties: Colorless liq., sweet rosy honey odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 164.21; dens. 1.033 (20/4 C); m.p. 164 C; b.p. 232-234 C; flash pt. ≈ 105 C; ref. index 1.498 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3670 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 6210 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; irritating to skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Apple, apricot, honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com 1736

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference α-Phenylethyl acetate. See α-Methylbenzyl acetate β-Phenylethyl acetate. See 2-Phenylethyl acetate s-Phenylethyl acetate. See α-Methylbenzyl acetate 1-Phenyl ethyl acetate (mixed ortho-,meta-,para). See Methylbenzyl acetate, mixed o-, m-, pPhenylethyl alcohol; 2-Phenylethyl alcohol. See Phenethyl alcohol α-Phenylethyl alcohol. See α-Methylbenzyl alcohol β-Phenylethyl alcohol. See Phenethyl alcohol 2-Phenylethyl-o-aminobenzoate; β-Phenylethylo-aminobenzoate; Phenylethyl anthranilate; 2Phenylethyl anthranilate. See Phenethyl anthranilate Phenylethyl benzoate; 2-Phenylethyl benzoate; β-Phenylethyl benzoate. See Phenethyl benzoate Phenylethyl butyrate; 2-Phenylethyl butyrate. See Phenethyl butyrate 2-Phenyl ethyl caproate. See Phenethyl hexanoate Phenylethyl caprylate. See Phenethyl caprylate Phenylethyl carbinol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol; 1-Phenyl-1-propanol Phenylethyl cinnamate; 2-Phenylethyl cinnamate. See Phenethyl cinnamate phenyl ethyl β,β-dimethyl acrylate. See Phenethyl senecioate Phenylethyl dimethyl carbinol. See Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol Phenyl ethyl dimethyl carbinyl acetate. See 2Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl acetate Phenylethylene. See Styrene 1-Phenyl-1-ethyl formate. See α-Methylbenzyl formate 2-Phenylethyl formate; β-Phenylethyl formate. See Phenethyl formate 2-Phenyl ethyl hexanoate. See Phenethyl hexanoate Phenylethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate. See Phenethyl salicylate Phenylethyl isobutyrate; 2-Phenylethyl isobutyrate; β-Phenylethyl isobutyrate. See Phenethyl isobutyrate Phenylethyl isothiocyanate; 2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate; β-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate. See Phenethyl isothiocyanate Phenylethyl isovalerate; 2-Phenylethyl isovalerate; β-Phenylethyl isovalerate; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Phenylethyl isovalerianate. See Phenethyl isovalerate Phenyl ethyl ketone. See Propiophenone 1-Phenyl-1-ethyl methanoate. See αMethylbenzyl formate Phenylethyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Phenethyl isovalerate β-Phenylethyl α-methylbutanoate. See Phenethyl-2-methylbutyrate 2-Phenyl ethyl 3-methyl-2-butenoate. See Phenethyl senecioate Phenylethyl (2E)-2-methyl-2-butenoate; Phenylethyl-α-methylbutenoate. See Phenethyl tiglate Phenylethyl 2-methylbutyrate; 2-Phenylethyl 2methylbutyrate. See Phenethyl-2methylbutyrate 2-Phenylethyl-3-methylbutyrate. See Phenethyl isovalerate Phenylethyl methyl carbinol. See 4-Phenyl-2butanol Phenylethyl methyl carbinyl acetate. See 4Phenyl-2-butyl acetate Phenylethyl methyl ether. See 2-Phenylethyl methyl ether 2-Phenylethyl methyl ether CAS 3558-60-9; EINECS/ELINCS 222-619-7 FEMA 3198 Synonyms: (2-Methoxyethyl) benzene; 1Methoxy-2-phenylethane; Methyl phenethyl ether; Methyl 2-phenethyl ether; Methyl phenylethyl ether; Phenylethyl methyl ether; β-Phenylethyl methyl ether Classification: aromatic ether Empirical: C9H12O Properties: Colorless liq.; sharp, rosy-green odor; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol, oils; m.w. 136.21; dens. 0.9417; b.p. 185-186 C (94.6 kPa); flash pt. (CC) 72 C; ref. index 1.4970; tenacity > 1 wk. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4100 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3970 mg/kg; mod. toxic by skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Penetrating floral, spicy, green fragrance and flavor, honey-like on dilution 1737

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Use Level: 1-5% Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-1034); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: BASF http://www.basf.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com β-Phenylethyl methyl ether. See 2-Phenylethyl methyl ether Phenylethyl methyl ethyl carbinol. See 1Phenyl-3-methyl-3-pentanol Phenylethyl 2-methylpropanoate. See Phenethyl isobutyrate 1-Phenylethyl 2-methylpropionate. See Methylbenzyl isobutyrate 2-Phenylethyl-2-methylpropionate. See Phenethyl isobutyrate Phenylethyl mustard oil. See Phenethyl isothiocyanate Phenylethyl octanoate; 2-Phenylethyl octanoate. See Phenethyl caprylate Phenylethyl phenylacetate; 2-Phenylethyl phenylacetate; β-Phenylethyl phenylacetate. See Phenethyl phenylacetate Phenylethyl propanoate. See Phenethyl propionate 2-(2-Phenylethyl)-2-propanol. See Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol Phenylethyl propionate. See Phenethyl propionate 1-Phenylethyl propionate. See α-Methylbenzyl propionate 2-Phenylethyl propionate. See Phenethyl propionate Phenylethyl salicylate; 2-Phenylethyl salicylate. See Phenethyl salicylate 2-Phenylethyl senecioate. See Phenethyl senecioate Phenylethyl tiglate; 2-Phenylethyl tiglate. See Phenethyl tiglate 2-Phenylethyl-α-toluate. See Phenethyl phenylacetate Phenylformic acid. See Benzoic acid o-Phenylglycolic acid. See Phenoxyacetic acid Phenyl hydrate. See Phenol Phenyl hydride. See Benzene Phenyl hydroxide. See Phenol Phenyl-2-hydroxybenzoate. See Phenyl salicylate 1-Phenyl-1-hydroxypropane. See 1-Phenyl-1Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

propanol Phenylic acid; Phenylic alcohol. See Phenol α-Phenyl isovaleraldehyde. See 3-Methyl-2phenylbutyraldehyde Phenylium. See Phenoxyacetic acid Phenyl ketone. See Benzophenone Phenyl mercaptan. See Thiophenol Phenylmethanal. See Benzaldehyde Phenylmethanethiol. See Benzyl mercaptan Phenylmethanol. See Benzyl alcohol Phenylmethyl acetate. See Benzyl acetate 3-Phenyl-2-methylacrolein. See αMethylcinnamaldehyde Phenylmethyl alcohol. See Benzyl alcohol Phenylmethyl benzoate. See Benzyl benzoate 4-Phenyl-2-methyl-2-butanol; 4-Phenyl-2-methylbutanol-2. See Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol Phenylmethylcarbinol. See α-Methylbenzyl alcohol Phenylmethylcarbinyl acetate. See αMethylbenzyl acetate Phenylmethylcarbinyl propionate. See αMethylbenzyl propionate Phenylmethyldiketone. See 1-Phenyl-1,2propanedione Phenyl methyl 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenoate. See Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate 2-(Phenylmethylene) heptanal. See αAmylcinnamaldehyde 2-(Phenylmethylene) heptyl acetate. See αAmylcinnamyl acetate 2-(Phenyl methylene) heptyl formate. See αAmylcinnamyl formate 2-(Phenylmethylene) hexanal. See αButylcinnamaldehyde 2-(Phenylmethylene) octanol. See αHexylcinnamaldehyde Phenyl methylether. See Anisole Phenylmethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate. See Benzylsalicylate Phenylmethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate. See Benzylparaben Phenyl methyl ketone. See Acetophenone Phenylmethyl mercaptan. See Benzyl mercaptan Phenylmethyl (E)-2-methyl-2-butenoate. See Benzyl tiglate 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-3-pentanol CAS 10415-87-9; EINECS/ELINCS 233-889-0 FEMA 2883 Synonyms: 3-Methyl-1-phenylpentan-3-ol; 3Pentanol, 3-methyl-1-phenyl; 1738

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Phenethylmethylethylcarbinol; Phenylethyl methyl ethyl carbinol Classification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C12H18O Properties: Colorless liq.; delicate peony, sl. fruity odor; m.w. 178.30; dens. 0.9582; b.p. 129-130 C (1.7 kPa); ref. index 1.509-1.513 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2950 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Phenylmethyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate. See Benzyl cinnamate 1-Phenyl-2-methyl-2-propanol. See Dimethylbenzyl carbinol 1-Phenyl-2-pentanol. See α-Propylphenethyl alcohol 5-Phenyl-1-pentanol CAS 10521-91-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-064-8 FEMA 3618 Synonyms: 5-Phenylpentan-1-ol Classification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C11H16O Properties: M.w. 164.25; dens. 0.975; b.p. 155 C (20 mm); flash pt. > 230 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 5-Phenylpentan-1-ol. See 5-Phenyl-1-pentanol DL-1-Phenylpentan-2-ol. See α-Propylphenethyl alcohol 2-Phenylphenol. See o-Phenylphenol o-Phenylphenol CAS 90-43-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-993-5 FEMA 3959; INS231; E231 Synonyms: (1,1´-Biphenyl)-2-ol; 2-Biphenylol; o-Biphenylol; o-Diphenylol; 2Hydroxybiphenyl; 2-Hydroxy-1,1´-biphenyl; o-Hydroxybiphenyl; 2-Hydroxydiphenyl; oHydroxydiphenyl; OPP; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Orthohydroxydiphenyl; Orthophenylphenol; 2-Phenylphenol; o-Xenol Classification: Substituted aromatic compd. Empirical: C12H10O Formula: C6H5C6H4OH Properties: Nearly wh. or lt. buff crystals, mild char. sweetish odor; sol. in alcohol, sodium hydroxide sol'n., aq. alkali, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 170.22; dens. 1.217 (25/25 C); m.p. 56-58 C; b.p. 280-284 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2.48 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 50 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing., others; irritating to eyes, skin; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Uses: Antibacterial, preservative in foods, citrus fruit; synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.1632, 177.2600; FEMA GRAS; USA EPA reg.; SARA reportable; Japan approved; Europe listed 0.2% max. as phenol; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Goldlink Industries http://www.goldlinkindustries.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Nipacide® OPP; Preventol® O Extra Flakes 2-Phenylphenol sodium salt; o-Phenylphenol sodium salt. See Sodium o-phenylphenate 2-Phenylpropanal CAS 93-53-8; 34713-70-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202255-5 FEMA 2886 Synonyms: Cumene aldehyde; αFormylethylbenzene; Hyacinthal; Hydratropaldehyde; Hydratropic aldehyde; α-Methyl phenylacetaldehyde; α-Methyl tolualdehyde; α-Methyl-α-toluic aldehyde; 2Phenylpropionaldehyde; αPhenylpropionaldehyde Classification: Aromatic compd. Empirical: C9H10O Formula: C6H5CH(CH3)CHO Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., floral 1739

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference hyacinth-like odor; m.w. 134.18; dens. 1.002 (20/4 C); b.p. 205-206 C; flash pt. 169 F; ref. index 1.518 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2800 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Pungent green, earthy, hyacinth-like fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-Phenylpropanal; 3-Phenyl-1-propanal. See Hydrocinnamaldehyde 2-Phenylpropanal dimethyl acetal. See 2Phenylpropionaldehyde dimethylacetal 1-Phenyl-1,2-propanedione CAS 579-07-7; EINECS/ELINCS 209-435-2 FEMA 3226 Synonyms: Acetylbenzoyl; Benzoylacetyl; Benzoyl methyl ketone; Methyl phenyl diketone; Methylphenylglyoxal; Phenylmethyldiketone; 3-Phenyl-2,3propanedione; 1,2-Propanedione, 1-phenyl-; Pyruvophenone Classification: aromatic ketone Empirical: C9H8O2 Properties: Yel. oil; very sparingly sol. in water; m.w. 148.16; dens. 1.101; b.p. 103-105 C (14 mm); flash pt. 184 F Precaution: Very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, puddings Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 3-Phenyl-2,3-propanedione. See 1-Phenyl-1,2propanedione Phenylpropanoic acid; 3-Phenylpropanoic acid. See Hydrocinnamic acid Phenyl-1-propanol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol 1-Phenylpropanol. See 1-Phenyl-1-propanol 1-Phenyl-1-propanol CAS 93-54-9; EINECS/ELINCS 202-256-0 FEMA 2884 Synonyms: Benzenemethanol, α-ethyl-; Benzyl alcohol, α-ethyl-; αEthylbenzenemethanol; α-Ethylbenzyl alcohol; ±α-Ethylbenzyl alcohol; Ethyl phenyl carbinol; α-Hydroxypropylbenzene; Phenylethyl carbinol; 1-Phenyl-1hydroxypropane; 1-Phenylpropanol; 1Phenyl-n-propanol; (±)-1-Phenyl-1-propanol; 1-Phenylpropyl alcohol; 1-Propanol, 1phenylClassification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C9H12O Formula: C2H5CH(C6H5)OH Properties: Colorless oily liq., floral fragrance; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 136.19; dens. 0.994; b.p. 103 C (14 mm); flash pt. 90 C; ref. index 1.5200 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 500 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 700 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and subcut. routes Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties 1740

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 1-Phenyl-n-propanol. See 1-Phenyl-1-propanol 2-Phenyl propanol-1 CAS 1123-85-9; EINECS/ELINCS 214-379-7 FEMA 2732 Synonyms: Benzeneethanol, β-methyl-; Hydratropalcohol; Hydratropic alcohol; Hydratropyl alcohol; βMethylbenzeneethanol; β-Methylphenethyl alcohol; α-Methyl phenylethyl alcohol; 2Phenyl-1-propanol; 2-Phenylpropan-1-ol; 2Phenylpropyl alcohol; β-Phenylpropyl alcohol Classification: Aromatic alcohol Empirical: C9H12O Formula: C6H5CH(CH3)CH2OH Properties: Colorless, visc. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 136.20; dens. 1.003 (20/4 C); b.p. 224-225 C; flash pt. 108 C; ref. index 1.527 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Sweetly floral, lilac, hyacinth fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 2-Phenyl-1-propanol; 2-Phenylpropan-1-ol. See 2-Phenyl propanol-1 3-Phenylpropanol; 3-Phenyl-1-propanol; 3Phenylpropan-1-ol; 3-Phenyl-n-propanol; γPhenylpropanol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol (±)-1-Phenyl-1-propanol. See 1-Phenyl-1Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

propanol 3-Phenyl-1-propanol acetate. See Hydrocinnamyl acetate 1-Phenyl-1-propanone. See Propiophenone 2-Phenylpropan-2-yl isobutyrate; 2-Phenyl propan-2-yl 2-methyl propanoate. See α,αDimethylbenzyl isobutyrate 3-Phenylpropenal; 3-Phenyl-2-propenal. See Cinnamal 3-Phenylpropenoic acid; 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid. See Cinnamic acid 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid-1,5-dimethyl-1-vinyl4-hexen-1-yl ester; 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid1-ethenyl-1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl ester. See Linalyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid 3-methylbutyl ester. See Isoamyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl cinnamate (S)-3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid 1-methyl-1-(4methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl ester. See Terpinyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid 2-phenyl ethyl ester. See Phenethyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid phenylmethyl ester. See Benzyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid 3-phenyl-2-propenyl ester. See Cinnamyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid 3-phenylpropyl ester. See 3-Phenylpropyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid propyl ester. See Propyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propenol; 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol. See Cinnamyl alcohol 2-Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol acetate; 3-Phenyl-2propen-1-yl acetate. See Cinnamyl acetate 3-Phenyl-2-propenylanthranilate; 3-Phenyl-2propen-1-yl anthranilate. See Cinnamyl anthranilate 3-Phenyl-2-propenyl benzeneacetate. See Cinnamyl phenylacetate 3-Phenyl-2-propenyl benzoate. See Cinnamyl benzoate 3-Phenyl-2-propenyl butanoate; Phenyl propenyl-n-butyrate. See Cinnamyl butyrate 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-yl cinnamate. See Cinnamyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-yl formate. See Cinnamyl 1741

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference formate 3-Phenyl-2-propenyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Cinnamyl isovalerate 3-Phenyl-2-propenyl 2-methylpropanoate. See Cinnamyl isobutyrate 3-Phenyl-2-propenyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate. See Cinnamyl cinnamate 3-Phenyl-2-propenyl propanoate; 3-Phenyl-2propen-1-yl propionate. See Cinnamyl propionate 2-Phenylpropionaldehyde. See 2Phenylpropanal 3-Phenylpropionaldehyde. See Hydrocinnamaldehyde α-Phenylpropionaldehyde. See 2Phenylpropanal β-Phenylpropionaldehyde. See Hydrocinnamaldehyde 2-Phenylpropionaldehyde dimethylacetal CAS 90-87-9; EINECS/ELINCS 202-022-8 FEMA 2888 Synonyms: (2,2-Dimethoxy-1-methylethyl)benzene; 1,1-Dimethoxy-2-phenylpropane; Hydratropaldehyde dimethyl acetal; Hydratropic aldehyde dimethyl acetal; 2Phenylpropanal dimethyl acetal Classification: aromatic compd. Empirical: C11H16O2 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., mushroom odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 180.25; dens. 0.989-0.994; b.p. 240-241 C; flash pt. 92 C; ref. index 1.492-1.497 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1850 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Green, spicy, earthy, fruity, wild mushroom-like fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: BASF http://www.basf.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Phenylpropionic acid; 3-Phenylpropionic acid; β-Phenylpropionic acid. See Hydrocinnamic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Phenylpropionic aldehyde. See Hydrocinnamaldehyde Phenylpropyl acetate; 3-Phenylpropyl acetate. See Hydrocinnamyl acetate Phenylpropyl alcohol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol 1-Phenylpropyl alcohol. See 1-Phenyl-1propanol 2-Phenylpropyl alcohol. See 2-Phenyl propanol1 3-Phenylpropyl alcohol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol β-Phenylpropyl alcohol. See 2-Phenyl propanol1 γ-Phenylpropyl alcohol. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol α-Phenylpropyl alcohol butyric ester. See 2Phenylpropyl butyrate α-Phenylpropyl alcohol isobutyric ester. See 2Phenylpropyl isobutyrate Phenylpropyl aldehyde; 3-Phenylpropyl aldehyde. See Hydrocinnamaldehyde 2-Phenylpropyl butyrate CAS 80866-83-7; EINECS/ELINCS 279-587-2 FEMA 2891 Synonyms: Hydratropyl butyrate; βMethylphenethyl butyrate; α-Phenylpropyl alcohol butyric ester Empirical: C13H18O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 206.29; sp. gr. 0.991; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.48800 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet apricot-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com α-Phenylpropyl butyrate. See α-Ethylbenzyl butyrate 3-Phenylpropyl caproate. See 3-Phenylpropyl hexanoate Phenylpropyl cinnamate. See 3-Phenylpropyl cinnamate 3-Phenylpropyl cinnamate CAS 122-68-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-565-6 FEMA 2894 Synonyms: Cinnamic acid, 3-phenylpropyl ester; Hydrocinnamyl cinnamate; 3-Phenyl2-propenoic acid 3-phenylpropyl ester; Phenylpropyl cinnamate; 3-Phenylpropyl 31742

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference phenyl-2-propenoate; 2-Propenoic acid, 3phenyl-, 3-phenylpropyl ester Empirical: C18H18O2 Properties: Colorless, to sl. yel. cl. liq.; sol. in oils; insol. in water; misc. in ethanol; m.w. 266.36; sp. gr. 1.074-1.080; b.p. 190 @0.2 mm Hg Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Rosy balsamic delicately fruity odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Phenylpropyl formate. See 3-Phenylpropyl formate 3-Phenylpropyl formate CAS 104-64-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-222-8 FEMA 2895 Synonyms: Hydrocinnamyl formate; Hydrocinnamyl methanoate; Phenylpropyl formate; 3-Phenyl-1-propyl formate; βPhenyl propyl formate Empirical: C10H12O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 164.22; b.p. 238.00 C @ 760.00 mm; acid no. 1 max. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4090 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com 3-Phenyl-1-propyl formate; β-Phenyl propyl formate. See 3-Phenylpropyl formate 3-Phenylpropyl hexanoate CAS 6281-40-9; EINECS/ELINCS 228-490-3 FEMA 2896 Synonyms: Hexanoic acid 3-phenyl propyl ester; Hydrocinnamyl caproate; Hydrocinnamyl hexanoate; 3-Phenylpropyl caproate Empirical: C15H22O2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in oils; insol. in water; misc. with ethanol; sp. gr. 0.947-0.960; b.p. 292 C; acid no. 1; ref. index 1.482-1.488 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet, fruity green odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com 2-Phenylpropyl isobutyrate CAS 65813-53-8; EINECS/ELINCS 265-931-9 FEMA 2892 Synonyms: Hydratropyl isobutyrate; Hydratropyl 2-methyl propanoate; αPhenylpropyl alcohol isobutyric ester; 2Phenyl propyl 2-methyl propanoate Empirical: C13H18O2 Properties: Colorall, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol, insol. in water; m.w. 206.29; sp. gr. 0.973; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4860 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-Phenylpropyl isobutyrate CAS 103-58-2; EINECS/ELINCS 203-125-0 FEMA 2893 Synonyms: Hydrocinnamic isobutyrate; Hydrocinnamyl isobutyrate; Isobutyric acid 3-phenylpropyl ester; 3-Phenylpropyl 2methylpropanoate; 3-Phenylpropyl 2methylpropionate Empirical: C13H18O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; m.w. 206.29; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.979; b.p. 282 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4860 Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-Phenylpropyl isovalerate CAS 5452-07-3; EINECS/ELINCS 226-692-6 FEMA 2899 Synonyms: Hydrocinnamyl isovalerate; 1743

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hydrocinnamyl 3-methyl butanoate; βPhenyl propyl 3-methyl butanaote Empirical: C14H20O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2CO2(CH2)3C6H5 Properties: Sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 220.31; dens. 0.980; b.p. 285 C; flash pt. > 230 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Plum, raspberry, strawberry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com β-Phenyl propyl 3-methyl butanaote. See 3Phenylpropyl isovalerate 2-Phenyl propyl 2-methyl propanoate. See 2Phenylpropyl isobutyrate 3-Phenylpropyl 2-methylpropanoate; 3Phenylpropyl 2-methylpropionate. See 3Phenylpropyl isobutyrate 3-Phenylpropyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate. See 3Phenylpropyl cinnamate 3-Phenylpropyl propanoate; Phenylpropyl propionate. See 3-Phenylpropyl propionate 3-Phenylpropyl propionate CAS 122-74-7; EINECS/ELINCS 204-571-9 FEMA 2897 Synonyms: Benzenepropanol, propanoate; Hydrocinnamyl propionate; 3-Phenylpropyl propanoate; Phenylpropyl propionate; βPhenylpropyl propionate Empirical: C12H16O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in oil; insol. in water; misc. with ethanol; m.w. 192.28; sp. gr. 0.995-1.005; ref. index 1.488-1.495 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Heavy floral, balsamic odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com β-Phenylpropyl propionate. See 3-Phenylpropyl propionate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2-Phenylpropyltetrahydrofuran. See 2-(3Phenylpropyl) tetrahydrofuran 2-(3-Phenylpropyl) tetrahydrofuran CAS 3208-40-0; EINECS/ELINCS 221-715-6 FEMA 2898 Synonyms: 2-Hydrocinnamyl tetrahydrofuran; 2-Phenylpropyltetrahydrofuran Empirical: C13H18O Properties: Colorless to pale straw-yel. liq.; sweet, fruity aroma; very sl. sol. in water;m.w. 190.28; b.p. 107n C (1 mm Hg); acid no. 1 max.; ref. index 1.511-1.516 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Phenyl salicylate CAS 118-55-8; EINECS/ELINCS 204-259-2 FEMA 3960 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid phenyl ester; Phenyl-2-hydroxybenzoate; Salol Empirical: C13H10O3 Formula: C6H4OHCO2C6H5 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; faint aromatic odor and taste; sol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene, fixed or volatile oils, org. solvs.; sparingly sol. in water; m.w. 214.22; dens. 1.2614; m.p. 62 C; b.p. 172-173 C (12 mm); flash pt. > 110 C; absorbs light Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3 g/kg, (IP, mouse) > 500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; possible sensitizer; possible teratogen, reproductive effector; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Protect from sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.1010, 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Pechiney 1744

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chems. Div. http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Prism Int'l. http://www.prisminternationalinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Philosopher's wool. See Zinc oxide Phlogopite. See Mica Phloxine G. See Acid red 1 Phosphate crosslinked starch. See Distarch phosphate Phosphated distarch phosphate INS1413; E1413 Classification: Food starch modified Definition: Starch which undergoes a combination of treatments as described for starch phosphate and distarch phosphate Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. powd. or gran.; flakes, amorphous powd., or coarse particles if pregelatinized Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder, emulsifier in foods Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Phosphate, sodium hexameta-. See Sodium hexametaphosphate Phosphatides. See Phospholipids Phosphatidic acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium phosphatides Phosphatidylcholine CAS 97281-47-5 Synonyms: Phosphatidyl-Ntrimethylethanolamine Definition: Purified grade of lecithin containing no less than 95% of the phospholipid Formula: RCO–OCH2CHOOCRCH2OPOO– OCH2CH2N+(CH3)3, where RCO– rep. various naturally occurring fatty acids Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, wetting agent, penetrant, antioxidant in foods, margarine, mayonnaise, chocolate candies, baked goods Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com; Atomergic Chemetals Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.atomergic.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Genzyme http://www.genzyme.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vernon Walden; Vinchem http://www.vinchem.com See also Lecithin Phosphatidyl-N-trimethylethanolamine. See Phosphatidylcholine Phosphinic acid sodium salt. See Sodium hypophosphite Phosphocholine; O-Phosphocholine. See Choline phosphate Phospholipids Synonyms: Phosphatides; Phospholipin Definition: Complex lipids where one of primary hydroxyl groups of glycerin is esterified with phosphoric acid which carries an additional ester grouping; appear in nature as lecithin, cephalin, and sphingomyelin Uses: Dietary supplement in food Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Am. Lecithin http://www.americanlecithin.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Bioiberica http://www.bioiberica.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/ Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Genzyme http://www.genzyme.com; Maybrook Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Uniqema http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vernon Walden Vinchem http://www.vinchem.com Trade Names Containing: Alcolec® PG; Alcolec® XTRA-A See also Lecithin 1745

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Phospholipin. See Phospholipids Phosphoric acid CAS 7664-38-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-633-2 UN 1805 (DOT); FEMA 2900; INS338 Synonyms: Monophosphoric acid; Orthophosphoric acid; Phosphoric acid, pure; Thermal process phosphoric acid Classification: Inorganic mineral acid Empirical: H3O4P Formula: H3PO4 Properties: Colorless liq. or rhombic crystals, odorless; sol. in water, alcohol; misc. with many org. solvs.; m.w. 97.99; dens. 1.70 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 0.0285 mm (20 C); m.p. 42.4 C; b.p. 158 C; starts to dec. above 200 C forming polyphosphoric acids Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 mg/m3; STEL 3 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 1530 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2740 mg/kg; mod. toxic by skin contact; human poison by ing.; corrosive irritant to eyes, skin, mucous membranes; systemic irritant by inh.; common air contaminant; TSCA listed Environmental: Environmentally hazardous Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; strong acid; mixts. with nitromethane are explosive; incompat. with alkalis; corrosive to many metals; violent reaction possible with sodium tetrahydroborate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Acidulant, flavoring agent, antioxidant synergist, sequestrant in foods, cola beverages, jams, jellies, sugar refining, prod. of caramel, bread doughs, cake flour; yeast nutrient Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 73.275, 133.123, 133.124, 133.129, 133.169, 133.173, 133.178, 133.179, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 175.300, 177.2260, 178.1010, 178.3520, 182.1073, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7,; Canada DSL; 381.147 (0.01% max. in lard, shortening, poultry fat); FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for parenterals, intramuscular injectables, orals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Agrium http://www.agrium.com; Amyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.amyl.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; DC Chem. http://www.dcchem.co.kr/english/index.asp EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Haco Ltd http://www.haco.ch Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hydrite http://www.hydrite.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; PotashCorp http://www.potashcorp.com; Prayon Inc http://www.prayon.com Rasa Ind. http://www.rasa.co.jp; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Rhodia UK/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Tekchem http://www.tekchem.com.mx; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: BFP White Sour; 1746

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Provon® A-190; Ry-So; Soft Touch K; Sour Dough Base Tandem® 552; Thermal Select 75%/80%/85% (FG) Phosphoric acid, aluminum salt (1:1). See Aluminum orthophosphate Phosphoric acid, aluminum sodium salt. See Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic Phosphoric acid calcium salt (1:1). See Calcium phosphate dibasic Phosphoric acid calcium salt (2:1). See Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Phosphoric acid, calcium salt (2:3). See Calcium phosphate tribasic Phosphoric acid diammonium salt. See Ammonium phosphate, dibasic Phosphoric acid dipotassium salt. See Potassium phosphate dibasic Phosphoric acid disodium salt. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Phosphoric acid, esters with hydrogenated vegetable glycerides. See Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides phosphate Phosphoric acid magnesium salt (2:3). See Magnesium phosphate tribasic Phosphoric acid monopotassium salt. See Potassium phosphate Phosphoric acid monosodium salt. See Sodium phosphate Phosphoric acid, pure. See Phosphoric acid Phosphoric acid sodium aluminum salt, basic. See Sodium aluminum phosphate basic Phosphoric acid, tripotassium salt. See Potassium phosphate tribasic Phosphoric acid trisodium salt. See Sodium phosphate tribasic Phosphorus CAS 7723-14-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-768-7 UN 1338 (DOT) Definition: Nonmetallic element; allotropes: wh. (yel.), red., blk. phosphorus Empirical: P Properties: At. wt. 30.97; Red: Reddish-brown powd.; dens. 2.34; m.p. 590 C (43 atm); b.p. 280 C; Wh./yel.: P4; transparent cryst. solid or yel. leaflets; sol. in CS2; insol. in water and alcohol; m.w. 123.88; dens. 1.82 (20 C); vapor pressure 1 mm (76.6 C); m.p. 44.1 C; b.p. 280 C Toxicology: Red: Human poison by ing.; external contact may cause severe burns; chronic poisoning; Wh.: ACGIH TLV/TWA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

0.1 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 3030 µg/kg; toxic by ing., inh., subcut. routes; skin contact causes burns; severe eye irritant; human systemic effects by ing. (cardiomyopathy, cyanosis, nausea, vomiting, sweating); chronic effects: anemia, GI upset, bone brittleness, necrosis of the jaw; target organ: liver; experimental reproductive effector; TSCA listed Precaution: Red: Flamm. solid; reacts with reducing agents; can ignite spontaneously and on exposure to oxidizers; reacts with oxygen and water vapor to evolve phosphine; Wh.: Ignites spontaneously in air @ 86 F; dangerous fire risk Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Regulatory: HAP Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hummel Croton http://www.hummelcroton.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Solutia http://www.solutia.com; http://www.coatings-solutia.com Trade Names Containing: COWCIUM® Natural Milk Calcium FG; TruCal® D7 Phosphorus oxychloride CAS 10025-87-3; EINECS/ELINCS 233-046-7 UN 1810 (DOT) Synonyms: Phosphorus oxytrichloride; Phosphoryl chloride; Phosphoryl trichloride; Trichlorophosphine oxide; Trichlorophosphorous oxide Empirical: Cl3OP Formula: POCl3 Properties: Colorless fuming liq., pungent odor; dec. by water and alcohol with evolution of heat; m.w. 153.35; dens. 1.675 (20/20 C); m.p. 1.2 C; b.p. 107.2 C; dens. 1.675 (20C); ref. index 1.461 (20C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.1 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 380 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) 32 ppm; toxic by ing. and inh.; strong irritant to skin and tissue; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; dec. by water and alcohol with evolution of heat; potentially explosive reaction with water 1747

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference evolving HCl and phosphine; other explosive/violent reactions possible; incompat. with CS2, dimethyl formamide, zinc, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of Cl– and POx Storage: Moisture-sensitive Uses: Crosslinking agent for modified food starch Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Chemtura/Great Lakes http://www.chemtura.com/corporate/v/index .jsp?vgnextoid=2a497e765e59b010VgnVCM 10000052d7010aRCRD&vgn; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Rhodia UK/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Schumacher http://www.schumacher.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Transene http://www.transene.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Phosphorus oxytrichloride; Phosphoryl chloride. See Phosphorus oxychloride Phosphoryl choline. See Choline phosphate Phosphoryl trichloride. See Phosphorus oxychloride PHPH. See Biphenyl Phthalic acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester. See sDioctyl phthalate Phthalic acid, butoxycarbonylmethyl butyl ester; Phthalic acid, butyl ester, butyl glycolate. See n-Butyl phthalyl-n-butyl glycolate Phthalic acid, diethyl ester. See Diethyl phthalate Phthalic acid, dioctyl ester. See s-Dioctyl phthalate Phthalol. See Diethyl phthalate Phylloquinone; α-Phylloquinone; transPhylloquinone; Phyloquinone. See Vitamin K1 Physeter macrocephalus. See Ambergris Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Phytase CAS 37288-11-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-630-9 Synonyms: myo-Inositol-hexakisphosphate 3phosphohydrolase; 3-Phytase Properties: M.w. 85,000-100,000 Toxicology: Nontoxic; nonpathogenic Storage: Sensitive to humidity; keep under argon Uses: Enzyme used in dietary supplements Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Protease DS 3-Phytase. See Phytase Phytic acid (INCI). See Inositol-hexaphosphoric acid Phytocalcium. See Calcium phytate Phytodione; Phytomenadione; Phytonadione (INCI); 3-Phytylmenadione. See Vitamin K1 Piazine. See Pyrazine PIB. See Polyisobutene Picea gluaca; Picea mariana; Picea oil. See Spruce oil 3-Picolinic acid. See Nicotinic acid Picrasma excelsa. See Quassia Pigment black 6; Pigment black 7. See Carbon black Pigment black 10. See Carbon, activated Pigment black 11. See Iron oxide black Pigment blue 29. See Ultramarine blue Pigment brown 6; Pigment brown 7. See Ferric oxide Pigment green 18. See Chromium hydroxide green Pigment metal 1. See Aluminum Pigment metal 2. See Copper Pigment metal 3. See Gold Pigment red 57; Pigment red 57:1. See Litholrubine BK Pigment red 101. See Iron oxide red; Ferric oxide Pigment red 102. See Iron oxide red; Ferric oxide Pigment white 4. See Zinc oxide Pigment white 6. See Titanium dioxide Pigment white 18. See Calcium carbonate Pigment white 19. See Kaolin Pigment white 25. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Pigment white 26. See Talc Pigment white 27. See Silica, fumed Pigment yellow 42. See Iron oxide yellow monohydrate 1748

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Pimaricin. See Natamycin Pimelic ketone; Pimelin ketone. See Cyclohexanone Pimenta acris; Pimenta acris oil. See Bay (Pimenta acris) oil Pimenta berries oil. See Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil Pimenta berries oleoresin. See Oleoresin allspice Pimenta berry oil. See Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil Pimenta leaf oil. See Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) leaf oil Pimenta officinalis; Pimenta officinalis extract. See Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) extract Pimenta officinalis leaf oil. See Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) leaf oil Pimenta officinalis oil. See Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil Pimenta officinalis oleoresin. See Oleoresin allspice Pimenta oil. See Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Allspice (Pimenta officinalis) Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) extract CAS 84929-57-7; EINECS/ELINCS 284-540-4 Synonyms: Allspice extract; Pimenta officinalis; Pimenta officinalis extract; Pimento extract Definition: Extract of the fruit of the pimento, Pimenta officinalis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; antioxidant in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) leaf oil CAS 8016-45-3 FEMA 2901 Synonyms: Pimenta leaf oil; Pimenta officinalis; Pimenta officinalis leaf oil; Pimento leaf oil Definition: Oil form steam distillation of Pimenta officinalis, contg. mainly eugenol Properties: Pale yel. to brn. liq.; spicy odor; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin, min. oil; dens. 1.037-1.050; ref. index 1.531 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; FCC Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Pimenta racemosa oil. See Bay (Pimenta acris) oil Pimentoberry oil; Pimento berry oil. See Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil Pimento extract. See Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) extract Pimento leaf oil. See Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) leaf oil Pimento oil. See Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Allspice (Pimenta officinalis) Pimpinella anisum. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum); Anise (Pimpinella anisum) extract; Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil Pimpinella anisum extract. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum) extract Pimpinella anisum oil. See Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil Pineapple (Ananas sativus) extract Synonyms: Ananas comusus extract; Ananas sativus; Ananas sativus extract; Pineapple extract Definition: Extract of the fruit of Ananas sativus Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Pineapple (Ananas sativus) juice Synonyms: Ananas sativus; Ananas sativus juice; Pineapple juice Definition: Liq. obtained from the fruit of the pineapple, Ananas sativus Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §146.185 Pineapple extract. See Pineapple (Ananas sativus) extract 1749

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Pineapple juice. See Pineapple (Ananas sativus) juice Pineapple ketone. See 4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl3(2H) furanone Pineapple ketone acetate. See Furaneol acetate Pine balsam; Pine gum. See Turpentine (+)-alpha-Pinene; (1R)-(+)-alpha-Pinene; (1S)-(-)alpha-Pinene; 2-Pinene. See α-Pinene 2(10)-Pinene. See β-Pinene α-Pinene CAS 80-56-8; 7785-26-4 (L, -); 7785-70-8 (D, +); EINECS/ELINCS 201-291-9; 232-077-3 (L,-); 232-087-8 (D,+) UN 2368 (DOT); FEMA 2902 Synonyms: (+)-alpha-Pinene; (1R)-(+)-alphaPinene; (1S)-(-)-alpha-Pinene; 2-Pinene; (-)alpha-Pinene; 4,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo (3,1,1) hept-3-en; 2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo (3.1.1)-2heptene; 2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo (3.1.1) hept2-ene; 2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo (3.1.1)-2-hept2-ene Classification: cyclic terpene hydrocarbon Empirical: C10H16 Properties: Colorless liq., turpentine odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, chloroform, ether, glac. acetic acid, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 136.26; dens. 0.8592 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 10 mm (37.3 C); m.p. -55 C; b.p. 155 C; flash pt. 91 F; ref. index 1.464-1.468; tenacity 2 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3700 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat) 625 µg/m3; deadly poison by inh.; mod. toxic by ing.; eye, mucous membrane, and severe skin irritant; toxic effects similar to turpentine; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; explodes on contact with nitrosyl perchlorate NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 1-10% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.300, 175.320; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 4-593); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Augustus Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Camphor Allied Prods. http://www.camphorallied.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; DRT http://www.drt.fr; http://www.drt.fr/en De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hercules http://www.herc.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com J.H. Hinz http://www.jhhinz.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; PDM http://www.pdmchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Technichem http://www.arrowtechnichem.com Trade Names: alpha-Pinene P&F Trade Names Containing: Lemon Base (-)-alpha-Pinene. See α-Pinene β-Pinene CAS 127-91-3; 18172-67-3 (D,-); EINECS/ELINCS 204-872-5; 242-060-2 (D,-) FEMA 2903 Synonyms: 6,6-Dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo [3.1.1] heptane; 6,6-Dimethyl-2-methylene [3.1.1.] heptane; Nopinen; Nopinene; 2(10)Pinene; Pseudopinen; Pseudopinene Classification: cyclic terpene hydrocarbon Definition: Most commonly avail. as (-) isomer Empirical: C10H16 Properties: Colorless liq., terpene odor; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether, most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 136.24; dens. 0.859; m.p. -61 C; b.p. 165-167 C; soften. pt. 112-118 C; flash pt. 32 C; ref. index 1.4763; tenacity 2 hrs. on blotter 1750

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4700 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; fire risk Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; moisture barrier on soft gelatin capsules Use Level: 1-10% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.280, 172.515, 175.300, 175.320; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; B D Aromatics http://www.bdaromatics.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; DRT http://www.drt.fr; http://www.drt.fr/en; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Trade Names: beta-Pinene P&F Trade Names Containing: Lemon Base Pine needle, dwarf, oil. See Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil Pine needle extract. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle extract Pine needle oil. See Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil; Fir (Abies sibirica) needle oil Pine needle oil, dwarf. See Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil Pine needle oil, Scotch; Pine needle oil, Scotch type. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle oil Pine needle oil, Siberian. See Fir (Abies Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sibirica) needle oil Pine needle, Scotch, extract. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle extract Pine needle, Scotch, oil. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle oil (-)-Pin-2-ene-10-ol. See Myrtenol 2-Pinen-4-ol. See Verbenol 2- Pinen-10-ol. See Myrtenol Pinen-4-ol. See Verbenol 2-Pinen-10-ol, acetate; 2-Pinen-10-yl acetate. See Myrtenyl acetate Pine oil. See Pine (Pinus palustris) oil Pine oil, Scotch. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) oil Pine oil synthetic. See α-Terpineol Pine (Pinus palustris) oil CAS 8002-09-3 UN 1272 (DOT) Synonyms: Oleum abietis; Pine oil; Pine, white, oil; Pinus palustris; Pinus palustris oil; White pine oil; Yarmor; Yarmor pine oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained from distillation of Pinus palustris Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., penetrating pine odor; sol. in org. solvs.; insol. in water; dens. 0.86; b.p. 200-220 C; flash pt. (CC) 172 F; ref. index 1.470-1.485; tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3200 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes; weak allergen; human systemic effects by ing. (excitement, ataxia, headache); large doses may cause CNS depression; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers; mod. spontaneous heating NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Use Level: < 5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Andrea Aromatics; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Buckton Page 1751

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hercules http://www.herc.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Langley-Smith Ltd http://www.langley-smith.co.uk Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com T&R Chem.; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Technichem http://www.arrowtechnichem.com; U.S. Synthetics; Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holme-clark.com Pine (Pinus palustris) tar oil CAS 977009-97-4 FEMA 2907 Synonyms: Pine tar oil; Tar oil; Tar oil, wood Definition: Volatile oil from steam distillation of pine tar, Pinus palustris or other spp. Properties: Almost colorless liq. when freshly distilled; turns dk. reddish-brn.; strong odor and taste; sol. in ether, chloroform, alcohol, carbon disulfide; dens. 0.862-0.872; flash pt. 62.2 C Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil CAS 8000-26-8 UN NA 1993 (DOT); FEMA 2904 Synonyms: Dwarf pine needle oil; Knee pine oil; Mountain pine oil; Pine needle, dwarf, oil; Pine needle oil; Pine needle oil, dwarf; Pinus montana oil; Pinus mugo oil; Pinus pumilio oil; Siberian fir oil Definition: Oil from steam distillation of needles of Pinus pumilio Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; pleasant odor; bitter pungent taste; very sol. in chloroform, ether; sol. in 5-8 vols. 90% alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.853-0.871; ref. index 1.475 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6880 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; primary irritant; a human skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for topicals Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle extract CAS 84012-35-1; EINECS/ELINCS 281-679-2 Synonyms: Pine needle extract; Pine needle, Scotch, extract; Pinus; Pinus sylvestris; Pinus sylvestris needle extract; Scotch pine needle extract Definition: Extract of the needles of the Scotch pine, Pinus sylvestris Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com 1752

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Cosmetochem Int'l. http://www.cosmetochem.com/; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/ Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; U.S. Synthetics; Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle oil CAS 8000-26-8 FEMA 2906 Synonyms: Fir-wood oil; Pine needle oil, Scotch; Pine needle oil, Scotch type; Pine needle, Scotch, oil; Scotch fir oil; Scotch pine needle oil Definition: Volatile oil from needles and twigs from Pinus sylvestris, contg. dipentene, pinene, sylvestrene, cadinene, bornyl acetate Properties: Ylsh. liq.; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, 10 vols 90% alcohol; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; dens. 0.884-0.886 (15/15 C); b.p. 200-220 C; flash pt. (CC) 172 F; ref. index 1.473 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6880 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; mild irritant; weak allergen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Foote & Jenks http://www.footeandjenks.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Spectrum

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Pine (Pinus sylvestris) oil CAS 8023-99-2 Synonyms: Pine oil, Scotch; Pine, Scotch, oil; Pinus sylvestris; Pinus sylvestris oil; Scotch pine oil Definition: Oil derived from Pinus sylvestris Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Pine rosin. See Rosin Pine, Scotch, oil. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) oil Pine tar oil. See Pine (Pinus palustris) tar oil Pine, white, oil. See Pine (Pinus palustris) oil Pinus. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle extract Pinus montana oil; Pinus mugo oil. See Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil Pinus palustris; Pinus palustris oil. See Pine (Pinus palustris) oil Pinus pumilio oil. See Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil Pinus sylvestris; Pinus sylvestris needle extract. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle extract Pinus sylvestris oil. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) oil Piper cubeba; Piper cubeba fruit oil; Piper cubeba oil. See Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil Piperidine CAS 110-89-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-813-0 UN 2401 (DOT); FEMA 2908 Synonyms: Azacyclohexane; Cyclopentimine; Hexahydropyridine; Hexazane; Pentamethyleneimine Classification: Heterocyclic nitrogen compd. Empirical: C5H11N Formula: NH(CH2)4CH2 Properties: Colorless clear liq.; amine-like odor; sol. in alcohol, acetone, diethyl ether, benzene, chloroform, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; misc. with water; m.w. 85.15; dens. 0.862 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 40 mm Hg (29.2 C); m.p. -11 to -9 C; b.p. 104-106 C; flash pt. 16 C; ref. index 1.453 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 0.52 ml/kg, (skin, rabbit) 320 mg/kg, (inh., mammal) 6500 mg/m3; toxic by ing., skin contact, IP routes; mod. toxic by subcut. route; mildly toxic by inh.; skin irritant; causes burns; experimental 1753

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference carcinogen, teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; can react vigorously with oxidizers; explodes on contact with 1perchloryl piperidine, dicyanofurazan, Nnitrosoacetanilide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of NOx NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Syn. flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133, 172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced ChemTech http://www.advancedchemtech.com/; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Am. Biorganics; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Raschig; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Vertellus Specialties http://www.vertellus.com/ Piperin. See Piperine Piperine CAS 94-62-2; EINECS/ELINCS 202-348-0 FEMA 2909 Synonyms: 1-[5-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo2,4-pentadienyl] piperidine (E,E)-; 1,3Benzodioxol-5-yl-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl piperine; 5-Benzo [1,3] dioxol-5-yl-1piperidin-1-yl-penta-2,4-dien-1-one; Piperin; 1-Piperoylpiperidine Empirical: C17H19NO3 Properties: Prisms, tasteless with burning aftertaste; sol. in benzene, acetic acid; 1 g sol. in 15 ml alcohol, 36 ml ether; pract. insol. in water, petrol. ether; m.w. 285.33; m.p. 130 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 514 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 34 mg/kg; toxic; poison by ing. and IP routes; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, brandy Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: Imparts pungent taste to brandy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Natural Advantage http://www.natural-advantage.net; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Piperitenone CAS 491-09-8; EINECS/ELINCS 207-729-5 FEMA 3560 Synonyms: 1,4(8)-p-Menthadien-3-one; pMentha-1,4(8)-dien-3-one; 1-Methyl-4isopropylidene-1-cyclohexen-3-one Classification: terpene ketone Empirical: C10H14O Properties: Yel. to amber oily liq.; powerful, sharp, minty, phenolic odor; m.w. 150.22; sp.gr. 0.9774; b.p. 106-107 C (10 mm); ref. index 1.5294 (20 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Piperitone; α-Piperitone. See d-Piperitone d-Piperitone CAS 89-81-6; 6091-50-5 (α-); EINECS/ELINCS 201-942-7 FEMA 2910 Synonyms: 3-Carvomenthenone; 4-Isopropyl1-methyl-1-cyclohexen-3-one; 6-Isopropyl3-methylcyclohex-2-enone; 1-p-Menthen-3one; p-Menth-1-en-3-one; 1-Methyl-4isopropyl-1-cyclohexen-3-one; 3-Methyl-6(1-methylethyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-one; Piperitone; α-Piperitone Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Colorless liq., camphor-like odor, sharp minty flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 152.23; dens. 0.926 (20/4 C); b.p. 233 C; sp.gr.0.9344; m.p. -20.2 C; b.p. 245 C (0 mm); flash pt. (CC) 98 C; ref. index 1.4848; tenacity 12 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2450 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 1420 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and subcut. routes; irritating to skin; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light 1754

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-2393); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Piper nigrum; Piper nigrum oil. See Black pepper (Piper nigrum) oil Piper nigrum oleoresin. See Oleoresin black pepper Piperonal; Piperonaldehyde. See Heliotropine Piperonyl acetate CAS 326-61-4; EINECS/ELINCS 206-312-5 FEMA 2912 Synonyms: Heliotropyl acetate; 3,4Methylenedioxybenzyl acetate Empirical: C10H10O4 Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq. or cryst.; cherry/strawberry/heliotrope odor; sol. in org. solvs., alcohol; almost insol. in water; m.w. 194.19; dens. 1.227; m.p. 51 C; b.p. 150-151 C (10 mm); flash pt. 111 C; tenacity 6 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2100 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Cherry, strawberry-like flavor Use Level: < 2% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 5-513); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Piperonyl acetone CAS 55418-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 259-630-1 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 2701 Synonyms: 4-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl) butan-2one; 4-(3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl)-2butanone Classification: aromatic ketone Empirical: C11H12O3 Properties: Wh. to sl. brn. cryst. powd. or lumps; intensely sweet, floral, sl. woody odor; m.w. 192; m.p. 49-54 C; b.p. 176 C (17 mm Hg); flash pt. > 110 C Toxicology: May be harmful by ing., inh., or skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Frinton Labs http://www.frinton.com; Hangzhou Aroma http://www.hangzhouaroma.com/; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances http://www.iff.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Piperonyl aldehyde. See Heliotropine Piperonyl isobutyrate CAS 5461-08-5; EINECS/ELINCS 226-745-3 FEMA 2913 Synonyms: 1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl methyl isobutyrate; Helioptropyl isobutyrate; Heliotropin isobutyrate; 3,4Methylenedioxybenzyl isobutyrate; Piperonyl isobutyrate; Piperonyl 2-methyl propanoate Empirical: C12H14O4 Properties: Colorless oily liq., fruity berry odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 222.24; dens. 1.154; b.p. 91-92 C (0.005 mm); flash pt. > 230 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Berry, jam-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma 1755

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Piperonyl isobutyrate; Piperonyl 2-methyl propanoate. See Piperonyl isobutyrate 1-Piperoylpiperidine. See Piperine Pipsissewa (Chimaphila umbellata) leaves extract CAS 89997-56-8 FEMA 2914 Synonyms: Chimaphila umbellata; Chimaphila umbellata leaf extract; Chimaphila umbellata leaves extract; Pipsissewa leaf extract; Pipsissewa leaves extract Definition: Extract of the leaves of Chimaphila umbellata Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Pipsissewa leaf extract; Pipsissewa leaves extract. See Pipsissewa (Chimaphila umbellata) leaves extract Pipyl crotonate. See cis-3-Hexenyl crotonate Pivalic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl pivalate Plain caramel. See Caramel Plantarome. See Yucca schidigera extract Plant protease concentrate. See Bromelain Plaster of Paris. See Calcium sulfate Platy talc. See Talc PMA. See Polymaleic acid PMAA, sodium salt. See Sodium polymethacrylate POE (4). See PEG-4 POE (8). See PEG-8 POE (9). See PEG-9 POE (10). See PEG-10 POE (12). See PEG-12 POE (14). See PEG-14 POE (18). See PEG-18 POE (20). See PEG-20 POE (32). See PEG-32 POE (40). See PEG-40 POE (75). See PEG-75 POE (90). See PEG-90 POE (100). See PEG-100 POE (150). See PEG-150 POE (180). See PEG-180 POE (240). See PEG-240 POE (350). See PEG-350 POE (115000). See PEG-115M Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

POE (2000). See PEG-2M POE (20000). See PEG-20M POE (23000). See PEG-23M POE (45000). See PEG-45M POE (5000). See PEG-5M POE (7000). See PEG-7M POE (9000). See PEG-9M POE (90000). See PEG-90M POE (6) dilaurate. See PEG-6 dilaurate POE (20) dilaurate. See PEG-20 dilaurate POE (32) dilaurate. See PEG-32 dilaurate POE (75) dilaurate. See PEG-75 dilaurate POE (150) dilaurate. See PEG-150 dilaurate POE (4) dioleate. See PEG-4 dioleate POE (6) dioleate. See PEG-6 dioleate POE (8) dioleate. See PEG-8 dioleate POE (12) dioleate. See PEG-12 dioleate POE (20) dioleate. See PEG-20 dioleate POE (32) dioleate. See PEG-32 dioleate POE (75) dioleate. See PEG-75 dioleate POE (150) dioleate. See PEG-150 dioleate POE (2) distearate. See PEG-2 distearate POE (6) distearate. See PEG-6 distearate POE (20) distearate. See PEG-20 distearate POE (32) distearate. See PEG-32 distearate POE (75) distearate. See PEG-75 distearate POE (20) glyceryl isostearate. See PEG-20 glyceryl isostearate POE (30) glyceryl isostearate. See PEG-30 glyceryl isostearate POE (20) glyceryl laurate. See PEG-20 glyceryl laurate POE (30) glyceryl laurate. See PEG-30 glyceryl laurate POE (7) glyceryl monococoate. See PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate POE (20) glyceryl monolaurate. See PEG-20 glyceryl laurate POE (30) glyceryl monolaurate. See PEG-30 glyceryl laurate POE (15) glyceryl monoricinoleate. See PEG-15 glyceryl ricinoleate POE (20) glyceryl monostearate. See PEG-20 glyceryl stearate POE (30) glyceryl monostearate. See PEG-30 glyceryl stearate POE (20) glyceryl oleate. See PEG-20 glyceryl oleate POE (30) glyceryl oleate. See PEG-30 glyceryl oleate POE (25) glyceryl trioleate. See PEG-25 glyceryl trioleate 1756

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference POE (50) hydrogenated castor oil. See PEG-50 hydrogenated castor oil POE lauryl alcohol. See Laureth POE (5) lauryl ether sulfate, sodium salt. See Sodium laureth-5 sulfate POE (32) monolaurate. See PEG-32 laurate POE (6) monooleate. See PEG-6 oleate POE (7) monooleate. See PEG-7 oleate POE (8) monooleate. See PEG-8 oleate POE (32) monooleate. See PEG-32 oleate POE (75) monooleate. See PEG-75 oleate POE (12) monoricinoleate. See PEG-12 ricinoleate POE (32) monostearate. See PEG-32 stearate POE (40) monostearate. See PEG-40 stearate POE (6) nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-6 POE (7) nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-7 POE (10) nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-10 POE (11) nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-11 POE (12) nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-12 POE (14) nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-14 POE (40) nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-40 POE (50) nonyl phenyl ether. See Nonoxynol-50 POE (5) octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-5 POE (8) octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-8 POE (9) octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-9 POE (13) octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-13 POE (30) octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-30 POE (40) octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-40 POE (70) octyl phenyl ether. See Octoxynol-70 POE (9) oleyl ether. See Oleth-9 POE (20) oleyl ether. See Oleth-20 POE (23) oleyl ether. See Oleth-23 POE/POP copolymer. See EO/PO block polymer or copolymer POE (7) POP (5) monobutyl ether. See PPG-5buteth-7 POE (16) POP (12) monobutyl ether. See PPG12-buteth-16 POE (30) POP (20) monobutyl ether. See PPG20-buteth-30 POE (35) POP (28) monobutyl ether. See PPG28-buteth-35 POE (45) POP (33) monobutyl ether. See PPG33-buteth-45 POE (7) ricinoleate. See PEG-7 ricinoleate POE (40) sorbitan diisostearate. See PEG-40 sorbitan diisostearate POE (4) sorbitan monolaurate. See Polysorbate 21 POE (10) sorbitan monolaurate. See PEG-10 sorbitan laurate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

POE (20) sorbitan monolaurate. See Polysorbate 20 POE (80) sorbitan monolaurate. See PEG-80 sorbitan laurate POE (3) sorbitan monooleate. See PEG-3 sorbitan oleate POE (5) sorbitan monooleate. See Polysorbate 81 POE (20) sorbitan monooleate. See Polysorbate 80 POE (20) sorbitan monopalmitate. See Polysorbate 40 POE (3) sorbitan monostearate. See PEG-3 sorbitan stearate POE (4) sorbitan monostearate. See Polysorbate 61 POE (20) sorbitan monostearate. See Polysorbate 60 POE (40) sorbitan tetraoleate. See PEG-40 sorbitan tetraoleate POE (20) sorbitan trioleate. See Polysorbate 85 POE (20) sorbitan tristearate. See Polysorbate 65 POE (50) sorbitol hexaoleate. See PEG-50 sorbitan hexaoleate POE (5) stearate. See PEG-5 stearate POE (6) stearate. See PEG-6 stearate POE (8) stearate. See PEG-8 stearate POE (10) stearate. See PEG-10 stearate POE (40) stearate. See PEG-40 stearate POE (45) stearate. See PEG-45 stearate POE (75) stearate. See PEG-75 stearate POE (100) stearate. See PEG-100 stearate POE (1) stearic acid. See Glycol stearate POE (20) stearyl alcohol; POE (20) stearyl ether. See Steareth-20 Pogostemon cablin; Pogostemon cablin oil; Pogostemon patchouli oil. See Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) oil Pogy oil. See Menhaden oil Polianthes tuberosa; Polianthes tuberosa oil. See Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa) oil Policosanol. See Octacosanol Poloxalene. See Poloxamer 188 Poloxamer 101 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Synonyms: Methyl oxirane polymers; Polyethylenepolypropylene glycols, polymers Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: 1757

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference HO(CH2CH2O)x(CH(CH3)CH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 2, y = 16, z = 2 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Food additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 105 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 11, y = 16, z = 11 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 108 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 46, y = 16, z = 46 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 122 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 5, y = 21, z = 5 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; processing aid, wetting agent; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 123 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 7, y = 21, z = 7 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 124 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 11, y = 21, z = 11 Properties: Colorless liq., mild odor; sol. in 1758

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference water, alcohol, IPA, propylene glycol, xylene; m.w. 2090-2360; m.p. 16 C; pH 5.0-7.5 (1 in 40); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200; NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 181 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic); 53637-25-5 Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 3, y = 30, z = 3 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Dow EP530; Synperonic® PE/L61 Poloxamer 182 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 8, y = 30, z = 8 Properties: Low-foaming liq.; m.w. 2450; dens. 1.035; cloud pt. 22 C (10% aq.); flash pt. > 110 C; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 183 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 10, y = 30, z = 10 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; processing aid, wetting agent; surfactant, dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 184 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 13, y = 30, z = 13 Properties: Dens. 1.018; flash pt. > 110 C; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma1759

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 185 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 19, y = 30, z = 19 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 188 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Synonyms: Poloxalene Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 75, y = 30, z = 75 Properties: Wh. flakeable solid, nearly odorless; sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 8350; m.p. 50 C min.; cloud pt. > 100 C (10% aq.); pH 5.0-7.5 (1 in 40); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210; FDA approved for intravenous, orals; NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Poloxamer 212 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 8, y = 35, z = 8 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 215 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 24, y = 35, z = 24 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; processing aid, wetting agent; surfactant, dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 217 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 52, y = 35, z = 52 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed 1760

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 231 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Empirical: (C3H6O • C2H4O)x Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 6, y = 39, z = 6 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1140 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Synperonic® PE/L81 Poloxamer 234 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 22, y = 39, z = 22 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 235 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 27, y = 39, z = 27 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 237 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 62, y = 39, z = 62 Properties: Wh. prilled or cast solid, odorless to mild odor; sol. in water, alcohol; sparingly sol. in IPA, xylene; m.w. 6840-8830; m.p. 49 C; pH 5.0-7.5 (1 in 40); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210; NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com

1761

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Poloxamer 238 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 97, y = 39, z = 97 Properties: Dens. 1.018; flash pt. > 110 C; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 282 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 10, y = 47, z = 10 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 284 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 21, y = 47, z = 21 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 288 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 122, y = 47, z = 122 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 331 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 7, y = 54, z = 7 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 3800; dens. 1.018 (25/25 C); visc. 756 cp; cloud pt. 11 C (10% aq.); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing 1762

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210; 9CFR §381.147; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Synperonic® PE/L101 Poloxamer 333 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 20, y = 54, z = 20 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 334 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 31, y = 54, z = 31 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Poloxamer 335 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 38, y = 54, z = 38 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 338 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 128, y = 54, z = 128 Properties: Wh. prilled or cast solid, odorless to mild odor; sol. in water, alcohol; sparingly sol. in propylene glycol; m.w. 12,700-17,400; m.p. 57 C; pH 5.0-7.5 (1 in 40); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210; NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Poloxamer 401 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, 1763

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference avg. x = 6, y = 67, z = 6 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Synperonic® PE/L121 Poloxamer 402 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 13, y = 67, z = 13 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 403 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 21, y = 67, z = 21 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; food processing aid Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

177.1200, 177.1210 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Poloxamer 407 CAS 9003-11-6 (generic) Classification: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer Formula: HO(CH2CH2O)x(CCH3HCH2O)y(CH2CH2O)zH, avg. x = 98, y = 67, z = 98 Properties: Wh. prilled or cast solid, odorless to mild odor; sol. in water and alcohol; m.w. 9840-14,600; m.p. ≈ 56 C; pH 5.0-7.5 (1 in 40); Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2300 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal route; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer in flavor concs.; dough conditioner; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.808, 173.340, 175.105, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210; NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Poloxamine 701 CAS 11111-34-5 (generic) Definition: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer of ethylene diamine Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Antifoam for sugar beet processing, fermentation, citric acid, yeast Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names: Synperonic® T/701 Poloxamine 1301 CAS 11111-34-5 (generic) Definition: Polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene block polymer of ethylene diamine Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Antifoam for sugar beet processing, 1764

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference fermentation, citric acid, yeast Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names: Synperonic® T/1301 Poly (1,4-β-2-acetamido-3-deoxy-D-glucoside) glycanohydrolase. See Glucanase Poly (N-acetyl-D-glucosamine). See Chitin Polyacrylamide CAS 9003-05-8 Synonyms: Acrylamide homopolymer; Acrylamide, polymers; PAA; 2Propenamide, homopolymer Definition: Polyamide of acrylic monomers contg. not more than 0.2% acrylamide monomer Empirical: (C3H5NO)x Formula: [CH2CHCONH2]x Properties: Wh. solid; water-sol. high polymer; m.w. 10,000-18,000,000; dens. 1.302 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 12,950 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 3600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; low toxicity by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Film-former in imprinting soft-shell gelatin capsules; flocculant in clarification of beet or cane sugar juice (5 ppm max.); washing/lye peeling of fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.255, 173.10, 173.315 (10 ppm in wash water), 175.105, 176.170, 176.180; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AP Resources http://www.apr.co.kr; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Ciba Spec. Chems./Water & Paper; Complex Quimica SA http://www.complexquimica.com; Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Expo Chem. http://www.expochem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Nalco http://www.nalco.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com Trade Names: Superfloc® 103G; Superfloc® 107GD; Superfloc® 130G; Superfloc® 130GH; Superfloc® 135GD

Superfloc® 220G; Superfloc® 234GD; Superfloc® 240G; Superfloc® 240GL; Superfloc® 240GSD Superfloc® 255G Poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid); Polyacrylamide, hydrolyzed. See Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer Poly (acrylamide-sodium acrylate). See Acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer Polyacrylate. See Polyacrylic acid Polyacrylic acid CAS 9003-01-4 (generic) Synonyms: Acrylic acid homopolymer; Acrylic acid polymer; Acrylic acid, polymers; Acrylic acid resin; Acrylic polymer; Acrylic polymer resins; Acrylic resin; Atactic poly(acrylic acid); PAA; Polyacrylate; Poly (acrylic acid); 2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer; Propenoic acid polymer; Propenoic acid, polymers, homopolymer Definition: Polymer of acrylic acid Empirical: (C3H4O2)x Formula: [CH2CHCOOH]x Properties: M.w. 50,000-250,000; dens. 1.02 kg/l; Anionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2500 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 39 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 70 mg/kg; poison by IV and IP routes; mod. toxic by ing.; tumorigen; possible carcinogen; mutagen; target organs: blood, bone marrow; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Clarifier, flocculant in sugar beet and sugar cane industries; purifier for dextrose; dispersant for boiler water (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.180 Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Alco http://www.alcochemical.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Apollo http://www.apollochemical.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Ciba Spec. Chems./Water & Paper; Hampshire; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Synthron Trade Names: Acumer® 1510; Diaion® WA10 Poly (acrylic acid). See Polyacrylic acid Poly (acrylic acid-acrylamide). See Acrylic

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acid/acrylamide copolymer Polyacrylic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium polyacrylate Polyamide CAS 9012-24-2; 25038-54-4 ; 68082-29-1; 68424-41-9 Synonyms: Fatty acids, C18-unsaturated, dimers, polymers with teta, reaction products with poly(bisphenol A diglycidyl ether); Nylon; Polymer of C-18 unsaturated fatty acid dimers with tetra and tofa Classification: Polymer Definition: A high m.w. polymer in which amide linkages (-CONH) occur along the molecular chain; may be either natural or synthetic; natural polyamides include casein, soybean and peanut proteins, zein; synthetic polyamides typified by various nylons Empirical: (C6H11NO)x Properties: M.w. 22,000-45,000; dens. 1.20; m.p. 283-319 C Toxicology: Poison by inhalation; tumorigen; TSCA listed Uses: In membranes for liq. separations for food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.1200 Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alkyl Amines Chems. Ltd http://www.alkylamines.com; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr Ashley Polymers http://www.ashleypoly.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Brenntag Specialties; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Ciba Spec. Chems./Plastic Addit. http://www.cibasc.com; Cray Valley http://www.crayvallac.com; D.B. Becker http://www.dbbecker.com; DSM Chem. N. Am. EMS-Chemie N. Am. http://www.emsgrivory.com/; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Matteson-Ridolfi http://www.mattrid.com/; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com Reichhold http://www.reichhold.com; RitChem http://www.ritchem.com; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Ticona http://www.ticona.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Zimmer AG http://www.zimmer-ag.de Trade Names Containing: Filmtec®; Filmtec® BW30-400; Filmtec® BW30-2540; Filmtec® BW30-4014; Filmtec® BW30-4040 Filmtec® SW30-2514; Filmtec® SW30-2540; Filmtec® SW30-4040; Filmtec® SW30HR2521; Filmtec® TW30-2026 Filmtec® TW30-2514; Filmtec® TW30-2521; Filmtec® TW30-2540; Filmtec® TW30-4014; Filmtec® TW30-4021 Filmtec® TW30-4040; Filmtec® TW30HP2540; Filmtec® TW30HP-4611; Filmtec® TW30HP-4641 Polyamide 12. See Nylon 12 Polyamine transgutaminase. See Transglutaminase Polyarabinogalactan. See Arabinogalactan Polybutadiene/polystyrene copolymer. See Styrene/butadiene polymer Polycosanol. See Octacosanol Poly (coumarone-co-indene). See Coumarone/indene resin Polydecene CAS 37309-58-3 Synonyms: Decene, homopolymer Definition: Polymer formed by polymerization of decene Empirical: (C10H20)x Formula: (CHCH3(CH2)7CH2)x Uses: Ingred. in food Features: Nonoily Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names Containing: Pionier® 17106 Polydextrose CAS 68424-04-4 INS1200; E1200 Definition: Random polymer formed from condensation of D-glucose Properties: Off-wh. to lt. tan amorphous powd.; bland, nonsweet taste; very sol. in water; partly sol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; insol. in ethanol; m.p. > 130 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating 1766

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Bulking agent, bodying agent, texturizer, formulation aid, humectant, stabilizer, thickener in foods, reducedcalorie foods, baked goods, baking mixes, chewing gum, confections, frostings, salad dressings, frozen dairy desserts, gelatins, puddings, fillings, hard and soft candy Features: Replaces bulk and mouthfeel of sugar and/or fat Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.841; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Agric. & Chem. Prods. Ltd; Arnaud S.A. http://www.arnaudgroup.com; Fibrisol Service Ltd http://www.fibrisol.com; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Litesse®; Litesse® II; Sta-Lite® 370; Sta-Lite® III; Sta-Lite® III F Sta-Lite® III WS Trade Names Containing: Litesse® Ultra™; Sta-Lite® 318; Xylitab® 100 Poly-(1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline). See 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline polymer Poly (dimethylamine-co-epichlorohydrin). See Dimethylamine/epichlorohydrin copolymer Poly[(dimethylimino)(2-hydroxy-1,3propanedily)chloride]. See Poly (2hydroxypropyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride) Polydimethylsiloxane CAS 9016-00-6; 63148-62-9 INS900a Synonyms: Dimethylpolysiloxane; Methyl silicone; Methyl silicone resin; PDMS; Poly (oxy (dimethylsilylene)); Silicone fluid; Silicone oil Definition: Polymer with silicone backbone (Si-O) with methyl groups (CH3) attached; most common polymer in silicone industry Empirical: (C2H6OSi)x Properties: Colorless clear visc. oily liq.; insol. in water; m.w. (74.15)x; dens. 0.980; vapor pressure 5 mm Hg (20 C); flash pt. 235 F; ref. index 1.4040 Toxicology: LD (IP, rat) > 2 g/kg; TDLo (implant, rat) 1500 mg/kg; may cause eye, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

skin, respiratory and digestive tract irritation; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; questionable carcinogen; tumorigen; experimental neoplastigen; experimental reproductive effector; mutagenic data; target organs: lungs, thorax, respiratory, endocrine Precaution: Flamm.; incompat. with strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong bases, boiling water Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, silicon oxide; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container Uses: Antifoam, defoamer, anticaking agent, emulsifier in foods; defoamer in processing foods; canned fruits; canned fruit juices; release agent migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §145.180, 146.185, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.180, 176.210, 176.170, 176.200, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3910, 181.28; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: AF 10 FG; AF 30 FG; Foam Blast® 102; Silfar® 1000; Silfar® 350 Silfar® 500 Trade Names Containing: Sag 730 See also Dimethicone Polydimethylsiloxane, methyl end-blocked. See Dimethylsiloxane Polydipentene CAS 9003-73-0 Synonyms: Cyclohexene; Dipentene polymer; Limonene polymer; Polylimonene Definition: Prod. formed by polymerization of terpene hydrocarbons Empirical: (C10H16)x Properties: Clear transparent liq.; sp.gr. 0.9101767

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 0.930 Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum; synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Thermoplastic resin Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.300, 177.2600; WHMIS uncontrolled prod.; Canada DSL Trade Names: Piccolyte® C115 Poly (divinylbenzene-co-ethylstyrene). See Divinylbenzene-ethylstyrene copolymer Poly (divinylbenzene-co-trimethyl (vinylbenzyl) ammonium chloride). See Chloromethylated aminated styrene-divinylbenzene resin Poly(epichlorohydrin-co-propylene oxide-costarch). See Hydroxypropyl distarch glycerol Polyether glycol. See Polyethylene glycol Polyethylene CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Synonyms: Ethene, homopolymer; Ethene polymer; Ethylene homopolymer; Ethylene latex; Ethylene polymer; Ethylene polymers; Ethylene resin; PE; Polyethylene resins; Polyethylene wax; Polythene Definition: Thermoplastic resin obtained by polymerizing ethylene Empirical: (C2H4)x Formula: [CH2CH2]x Properties: Wh. translucent partially cryst./partially amorphous plastic solid, odorless; sol. in hot benzene; insol. in water; m.w. 1500-100,000; dens. 0.92 (20/4 C); m.p. 85-110 C Toxicology: LC50 (inh., mouse, 30M) 12 g/m3; TDLo (implant, rat) 33 mg/kg; no known skin toxicity; ing. of lg. oral doses has produced kidney and liver damage; suspected carcinogen and tumorigen by implants; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; reacts violently with F2 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in well closed containers Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum; protective coating on fruits and vegetables; ion exchange membrane in prod. of grapefruit juice Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.260, 172.615 (m.w. 2000-21,000), 173.20, 175.105, 175.300, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1390, 177.1395, 177.1520, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

177.1615, 177.1620, 177.2210, 177.2600, 178.1005, 178.3570, 178.3850; FDA approved for dentals, ophthalmics, orals, topicals, vaginals Manuf./Distrib.: A. Schulman http://www.aschulman.com; ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr Asahi Chem. Ind. http://www.asahikasei.co.jp; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Chisso Am. Cognis http://www.cognis.de; DSM Chem. N. Am.; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Equistar http://www.equistarchem.com ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GE Plastics http://www.geplastics.com; Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com; Solvay Advanced Polymers http://www.solvayadvancedpolymersus.com; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Westlake Plastics http://www.westlakeplastics.com/ Trade Names: A-C® 6; A-C® 6A; A-C® 8; A-C® 8A; A-C® 9 A-C® 9A; A-C® 9CF; A-C® 9F; A-C® 16A; AC® 617G A-C® 715; A-C® 735; A-C® 810A; A-C® 820A; A-C® 1702 Polywax® 500; Polywax® 600; Polywax® 655; Polywax® 850; Polywax® 1000 Polywax® 2000; Polywax® 3000 Poly (ethylene-co-acrylic acid). See Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer Polyethylene glycol CAS 25322-68-3 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 203-473-3 INS1521 Synonyms: α-Hydroxy-ω-hydroxypoly (oxy1,2-ethanediyl); PEG; PEO; Polyether glycol; Poly (ethylene oxide); Polyglycol; Polyox; 1768

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-hydro-ωhydroxyClassification: Aliphatic organic compd. Definition: Condensation polymer of ethylene glycol Empirical: (C2H4O)n • H2O Formula: H(OC2H4)nOH, n ≥ 4 Properties: Clear visc. liq. or wh. solid; sol. in water, org. solvs., aromatic hydrocarbons; dens. 1.110-1.140 (20 C); m.p. 4-10 C; flash pt. 471 F; ref. index 1.4590 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 33,750 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rat) 22 g/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; sl. toxic by ing.; skin and eye irritant; contact dermatitis sensitization; may cause hives; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flames Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Coating, binder, plasticizer, lubricant in food tablets; defoamer; adjuvant, flavor enhancer, bodying agent in nonnutritive sweeteners; adjuvant, dispersant for vitamins, minerals; coating on sodium nitrite to inhibit hygroscopic props.; food pkg.; coatings on fresh citrus fruits; defoamer in food processing; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.820, 173.310, 173.340, 175.300, 176.180; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com BASF http://www.basf.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; Brenntag (UK) Ltd http://www.brenntag.co.uk CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.c om; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Polyethylene glycol 300. See PEG-6 Polyethylene glycol 400. See PEG-8 Polyethylene glycol 600. See PEG-12 Polyethylene glycol 1000. See PEG-20 Polyethylene glycol 4000. See PEG-75 Polyethylene glycol monostearate. See PEG stearate Polyethylene glycol oleyl ether. See Oleth Polyethylene glycols monostearate; Polyethylene glycol stearate. See PEG stearate Polyethylene imine CAS 26913-06-4 Synonyms: Linear polyethyleneimine; Polyethylenimin; Poly (imino (1,2ethanediyl)) Empirical: (C2H8N2)n Properties: Cationic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3300 mg/kg, (unreported, mammal) 30 mg/kg; poison by 1769

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference unspecified route; mod. toxic by ing.; primary irritant; eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Fixing agent in immobilization of enzyme preps. Features: High thermal and electrolyte stability Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Poly (ethylene oxide). See Polyethylene glycol Polyethylene, oxidized CAS 68441-17-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 E914 Synonyms: Ethene, homopolymer, oxidized; Oxidized polyethylene (INCI); Poly (ethylene), oxidized Definition: Reaction prod. of polyethylene and oxygen Properties: Dens. 0.930; m.p. 8-140 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Protective coating for avocados, bananas, beets, coconuts, eggplant, garlic, grapefruit, lemons, limes, mango, onions, oranges, papaya, peas (in pods), pineapple, pumpkins, rutabaga, watermelon, nuts in shells, etc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.260, 175.105, 175.125, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1620, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Trade Names: A-C® 316; A-C® 316A; A-C® 629; A-C® 629A; A-C® 655 A-C® 680; Lakewax 37; Lakewax 60/40; Licowax PED 121; Licowax PED 821 Luwax® OA 5 Poly (ethylene), oxidized. See Polyethylene, oxidized Polyethylenepolypropylene glycols, polymers. See Poloxamer 101 Polyethylene resin. See Polyethylene wax Polyethylene resins. See Polyethylene Polyethylene wax CAS 9002-88-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Synonyms: Polyethylene resin Empirical: (C2H4)n Formula: (-CH2CH2-)n Uses: Chewing gum base; citrus fruit Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

coatings; ion-exchange membrane in prod. of grapefruit juice to adjust ratio of citric acid to total solids Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Baker Petrolite http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite ; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com Chemcor; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Elementis Spec. http://www.elementis-specialties.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Ferro http://www.ferro.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Honeywell Spec. Wax & Addit. http://www.acwax.com; IGI http://www.igiwax.com Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Michelman http://www.michem.com; http://www.expandingpaper.com; Micro Powders http://www.micropowders.com/; Morton Int'l. http://www.morton.com; http://www.rohmhaas.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Presperse http://www.presperse.com/; Royce Int'l. http://www.royceintl.com; Sartomer http://www.sartomer.com; Scheel http://www.scheelcorp.com/; Shamrock Tech. http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com Stanson http://www.stanson.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com Trade Names: A-C® 7; A-C® 7A; Michem® Emulsion 03825; Vestowax® AO 3533 See also Polyethylene Polyethylenimin. See Polyethylene imine Polyethylenimine reaction prod. with 1,2dichloroethane CAS 68130-97-2 Definition: Reaction prod. of homopolymerization of ethyleneimine in aq. HCl @ 100 C and of 1770

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference crosslinking with 1,2-dichloroethane Properties: M.w. 50,000-70,000 Uses: Fixing agent in immobilization of glucose isomerase enzyme preps. for mfg. of high fructose corn syrup Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.357; Canada DSL Polyethylenimine-silica. See Silica, amorphous Poly (4-ethylstyrene-co-divinylbenzene). See Divinylbenzene-ethylstyrene copolymer Poly (D-glucosamine). See Chitosan Poly-β-glucosaminidase. See Glucanase Polyglycerin esters of fatty acids. See Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids INS475; E475 Synonyms: PGE; Polyglycerin esters of fatty acids; Polyglycerol fatty acid esters; Polyglycerol fatty esters; Polyglyceryl esters of fatty acids Definition: Mixed prods. based on polyglycerol contg. 3-10 glycerol units and 2-10 moles of fatty acid Properties: Lt. yel. to amber oily visc. liqs., lt. tan to brn. soft solids, tan to brn. waxy solids; sol. in org. solvs., edible oils; disp. in water; HLB 513; HLB 5.0-13.0 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, aerating agent, crystal modifier, starch complexing agent, dough conditioner, humectant, defoamer, antispattering agent in foods, cake mixes, confections, rendered animal fats, margarine, whipped toppings; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854, 172.860b, 172.862; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (0.5% in margarine); Europe listed; UK approved; ADI 0-25 mg/kg body wt. Trade Names Containing: 21110 Ovalett NNC; 21115 Ovalett; 21118 Ovalett Special; Sponge-Up 20 Polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid; Polyglycerol esters of polycondensed fatty acids from castor oil. See Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate Polyglycerol fatty acid esters; Polyglycerol fatty esters. See Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids Polyglyceryl-10 behenate Synonyms: Decaglycerol behenate; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Decaglyceryl behenate Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Trade Names: Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester B100D Polyglyceryl-10 caprylate CAS 68937-16-6 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods Trade Names: DREWPOL® 10-1-CC Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate CAS 9007-48-1 (generic); 11094-60-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-316-7 Synonyms: Decaglycerol decaoleate; Decaglyceryl decaoleate; Decaoleic acid, decaester with decaglycerol Definition: Decaester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-10 Empirical: C210H382O31 Properties: HLB 3.0; nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, lubricant, solubilizer, emollient in foods; cloud inhibitor in vegetable and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com Trade Names: Caprol® 10G10O; Polyaldo® DGDO; Polyaldo® DGDO KFG; Santone® 10-10-0 Trade Names Containing: DREWPOL® 10-10-O Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate CAS 39529-26-5; EINECS/ELINCS 254-495-5 Synonyms: Decaglycerol decastearate; Decaglyceryl decastearate; Octadecanoic acid, decaester with decaglycerol Definition: Decaester of stearic acid and polyglycerin-10 Empirical: C210H402O31 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Polyglyceryl-2 diisostearate CAS 63705-03-3 (generic); 67938-21-0; EINECS/ELINCS 267-821-6 Synonyms: Diglyceryl diisostearate; Di (isooctadecanoic) acid, diester with oxydi (propanediol); Isooctadecanoic acid, 1771

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference diester with diglycerol Definition: Diester of isostearic acid and diglycerin Empirical: C42H82O7 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier in foods Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: Emalex DISG-2EX Polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate CAS 63705-03-3 (generic); 66082-42-6; 8540484-8; EINECS/ELINCS 291-548-1 Synonyms: Isooctadecanoic acid, diester with 1,2,3-propanetriol trimer; Isooctadecanoic acid, diester with triglycerol; Triglyceryl diisostearate Definition: Diester of isostearic acid and polyglycerin-3 Empirical: C45H88O9 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier in foods Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: Emalex DISG-3EX; Plurol® Diisostearique Polyglyceryl-5 diisostearate CAS 63705-03-3 (generic) Synonyms: Isooctadecanoic acid, diester with pentaglycerol; Pentaglyceryl diisostearate Definition: Diester of isostearic acid and polyglycerin-5 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Trade Names: Emalex DISG-5 Polyglyceryl-10 diisostearate CAS 63705-03-3 (generic); 102033-55-6 Synonyms: Decaglyceryl diisostearate; Isooctadecanoic acid, diester with decaglycerol Definition: Diester of isostearic acid and polyglycerin-10 Empirical: C66H130O23 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Ingred. in food Trade Names: Emalex DISG-10EX Polyglyceryl-3 dioleate CAS 79665-94-4 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, diester with Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

triglycerol; Triglyceryl dioleate Definition: Diester of oleic acid and polyglycerin3 Empirical: C45H84O9 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate CAS 9007-48-1 (generic); 76009-37-5; EINECS/ELINCS 278-358-4 Synonyms: Dioleic acid, diester with hexaglycerol; Hexaglycerol dioleate; Hexaglyceryl dioleate; 9-Octadecenoic acid, diester with hexaglycerol Definition: Diester of oleic acid and polyglycerin6 Empirical: C54H102O15 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: Caprol® MPGO Polyglyceryl-10 dioleate CAS 9007-48-1 (generic); 33940-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 251-750-2 Synonyms: Decaglycerin dioleate; Decaglycerol dioleate; Decaglyceryl dioleate; Dioleic acid, diester with decaglycerol; 9-Octadecenoic acid, diester with decaglycerol Definition: Diester of oleic acid and polyglycerin10 Empirical: C66H126O23 Properties: Nonionic Uses: O/w emulsifier, humectant, lubricant in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Polyglyceryl-6 dipalmitate Uses: Emulsifier in foods, cakes, desserts, beverages Polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate CAS 67784-82-1 Synonyms: Decaglyceryl dipalmitate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier in foods, cakes, desserts Trade Names: Polyaldo® 10-2-P; Polyaldo® 1772

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference HGMP KFG Polyglyceryl-2 distearate CAS 9009-32-9 (generic) Synonyms: Diglyceryl distearate; Stearic acid, diester with diglycerol Definition: Diester of stearic acid and diglycerin Empirical: C42H82O7 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods Trade Names: Emalex DSG-2 Polyglyceryl-3 distearate CAS 9009-32-9 (generic); 94423-19-5 Synonyms: Octadecanoic acid, diester with triglycerol; Triglyceryl distearate Definition: Diester of stearic acid and polyglycerin-3 Empirical: C45H88O9 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods Trade Names: Emalex DSG-3 Polyglyceryl-5 distearate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods Trade Names: Emalex DSG-5 Polyglyceryl-6 distearate CAS 9009-32-9 (generic); 34424-97-0; 61725-937 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 252-010-1 Synonyms: Distearic acid, diester with hexaglycerol; Hexaglycerol distearate; Hexaglyceryl distearate; Octadecanoic acid, diester with hexaglycerol Classification: Fatty acid polyglyceryl ester Definition: Diester of stearic acid and polyglycerin-6 Empirical: C54H106O15 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: Emalex DSG-6; Plurol® Stearique WL 1009; Polyaldo® HGDS; Polyaldo® HGDS KFG Polyglyceryl-10 distearate CAS 9009-32-9 (generic); 12764-60-2; 61725-937 (generic) Synonyms: Decaglycerin distearate; Decaglyceryl distearate; Octadecanoic acid, diester with decaglycerol Definition: Diester of stearic acid and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

polyglycerin-10 Empirical: C66H130O23 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Trade Names: Decaglyn 2-SV Polyglyceryl-10 erucate Synonyms: Decaglycerol erucate; Decaglyceryl erucate Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer for foods Trade Names: Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester ER60D Polyglyceryl esters of fatty acids. See Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids Polyglyceryl-6 hexaoleate CAS 95482-05-6 Synonyms: Hexaglyceryl hexaoleate; 9Octadecenoic acid, hexaester with hexaglycerol Definition: Hexaester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-6 Empirical: C126H230O19 Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate CAS 9007-48-1 Synonyms: Decaglyceryl hexaoleate; 1,2,3Propanetriol, homopolymer, hexaoleate Definition: Hexaester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-10 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for margarine; solubilizer for flavor and essential oils; dispersant for high-solids preps.; suspending agent for food colors Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: DREWPOL® 10-6-O; Polyaldo® 10-6-O KFG Polyglyceryl-10 isostearate CAS 133738-23-5 Synonyms: Decaglycerin monoisostearate; Decaglyceryl monoisostearate; Isooctadecanoic acid, monoester with decaglycerol Definition: Ester of isostearic acid and polyglycerin-10 Empirical: C48H96O22 Properties: Nonionic 1773

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Polyglyceryl-10 laurate CAS 34406-66-1 Synonyms: Decaglycerin monolaurate; Decaglycerol monolaurate; Decaglyceryl monolaurate; Dodecanoic acid, monoester with decaglycerol Definition: Ester of lauric acid and polyglycerin10 Empirical: C42H84O22 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Trade Names: Decaglyn 1-L; J-0021; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L-7D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L-10D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L20D Polyglyceryl-10 linoleate CAS 102643-06-1 Synonyms: Decaglycerin monolinoleate Definition: Ester of linoleic acid and polyglycerin10 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant in foods Trade Names: Decaglyn 1-LN Polyglyceryl-10 myristate CAS 87390-32-7 Synonyms: Decaglycerin monomyristate; Tetradecanoic acid, monoester with decaglycerol Definition: Ester of myristic acid and polyglycerin-10 Empirical: C44H88O22 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Trade Names: Decaglyn 1-M Polyglyceryl-10 octaoleate CAS 66734-10-9 Synonyms: Decaglycerol octaoleate; Decaglyceryl octaoleate Definition: Octaester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-10 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: HLB 4.0; nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Polyglyceryloleate. See Polyglyceryl-4 oleate Polyglyceryl-2 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 (generic); 9009-31-8; 49553-766; EINECS/ELINCS 256-367-4 Synonyms: Diglyceryl monooleate; 9Octadecenoic acid, ester with 1,2,3propanetriol (1:2); 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with oxybis [propanediol]; Oleic acid, monoester with oxybis (propanediol) Definition: Ester of oleic acid and diglycerin Empirical: C24H46O6 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: W/o emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Trade Names: Emalex MOG-2; Nofable PGO902L; Nofable PGO-992L Polyglyceryl-3 oleate CAS 33940-98-6; EINECS/ELINCS 251-749-7 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with triglycerol; Oleic acid, monoester with triglycerol; Triglyceryl monooleate; Triglyceryl oleate Classification: Polyglycerol ester Definition: Ester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-3 Empirical: C27H52O8 Properties: Yel. liq.; HLB 6.5; Nonionic Toxicology: Nonirritant to eyes; not a serious irritant to skin; vapors from heated material sl. irritating by inh.; noncarcinogenic; nonmutagenic; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx Storage: Store in dry area away from heat and sparks; keep containers closed when not in use; maintain good ventilation Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com Trade Names: Caprol® 3GO; Lumulse® PGO K; Mazol® PGO-31 K

1774

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Polyglyceryl-4 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 (generic); 71012-10-7 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with tetraglycerol; Polyglyceryloleate; Tetraglycerol monooleate; Tetraglyceryl monooleate Definition: Ester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-4 Empirical: C30H58O10 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: J-4581; Nofable PGO-904L; Nofable PGO-904M; Nofable PGO-994L; Nofable PGO-994M Tetraglyn 1-OV Polyglyceryl-5 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 (generic); 86529-98-8 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with pentaglyceryl; Pentaglyceryl monooleate Definition: Ester of oleic acid and a glycerin polymer contg. an avg. 5 glycerin units Empirical: C33H64O12 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods Polyglyceryl-6 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 (generic); 79665-92-2 Synonyms: Hexaglycerin monooleate; Hexaglyceryl oleate; 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with hexaglycerol; 1,2,3Propanetriol, homopolymer, (Z)-9octadecenoate Definition: Ester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-6 Empirical: C36H70O14 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: O/w emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Trade Names: Nofable PGO-906L; Nofable PGO-906M; Nofable PGO-996L; Nofable PGO-996M; Plurol® Oleique CC 497 Polyglyceryl-8 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 (generic); 75719-56-1 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with octaglycerol; Octaglycerol oleate; 1,2,3-Propanetriol, homopolymer, (Z)-9Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

octadecenoate Definition: Ester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-8 Empirical: C42H82O18 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Trade Names: Nofable PGO-908L; Nofable PGO-998L; Santone® 8-1-O Polyglyceryl-10 oleate CAS 9007-48-1 (generic); 79665-93-3; EINECS/ELINCS 279-230-0 Synonyms: Decaglycerin monooleate; Decaglycerol monoleate; Decaglyceryl monooleate; 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with decaglycerol; Oleic acid, monoester with decaglycerol Definition: Ester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-10 Empirical: C48H94O22 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Trade Names: Caprol® PGE860; Decaglyn 1OV; J-0381; Nofable PGO-900L; Nofable PGO-900M Nofable PGO-990L; Nofable PGO-990M; Polyaldo® 10-1-O; Polyaldo® 10-1-O KFG; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester O-15D Polyglyceryl-4 pentaoleate CAS 103230-29-1 Synonyms: Tetraglyceryl pentaoleate Definition: Pentaester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-4 Properties: Nonionic Uses: O/w emulsifier, anticrystallizing agent for foods Trade Names: Tetraglyn 5-O Polyglyceryl-10 pentaoleate CAS 86637-84-5 Synonyms: Decaglycerin pentaoleate; 9Octadecenoic acid, pentaester with decaglycerol Definition: Pentaester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-10 Empirical: C120H222O26 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils 1775

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Polyglyceryl-4 pentastearate CAS 99570-00-0 Synonyms: Tetraglyceryl pentastearate Definition: Pentaester of stearic acid and polyglycerin-4 Properties: Nonionic Uses: O/w emulsifier, anticrystallizing agent for foods Trade Names: Tetraglyn 5-S Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate CAS 68936-89-0 INS476; E476 Synonyms: Glyceran esters of condensed castor oil fatty acids; Glycerol esters of condensed castor oil fatty acids; PGPR; Polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid; Polyglycerol esters of polycondensed fatty acids from castor oil Definition: Polyglyceryl esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid Properties: Lt. brn. highly visc. liq.; sol. in edible oils and fats; insol. in cold and hot water; does not crystallize @ 0 C; nonionic Toxicology: Mild eye and skin irritant; inh. of vapors or mists of the product may be irritating to the resp. tract Environmental: biodeg. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp: COx Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, visc. modifier, emulsion stabilizer in foods, spreadable fats, dressings, cocoa-based confectionery; improves fluidity of chocolate for coating (with lecithin); pan release agent Regulatory: Europe listed; UK approved; ADI 07.5 mg/kg body wt. (FAO/WHO) Trade Names: Admul WOL 1403; Crester PR; DREWPOL PGPR; Polymuls® PGPR; Tilol GCT-R Polyglyceryl-3 polyricinoleate CAS 29894-35-7 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for low-calorie spreads and salad dressings, cocoa-based sweets, chocolate masses Trade Names: Imwitor® 600 Polyglyceryl-3 shortening Synonyms: Triglycerol monoshortening; Triglyceryl monoshortening Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods, beverages, cakes, desserts Trade Names: Polyaldo® TGMSH KFG Polyglyceryl-2 stearate CAS 9009-32-9 (generic); 12694-22-3; EINECS/ELINCS 235-777-7 Synonyms: Diglycerol monostearate; Diglyceryl monostearate; Octadecanoic acid, monoester with diglycerol; 9Octadecanoic acid, monoester with oxybis [propanediol]; Stearic acid, monoester with oxybis (propanediol) Definition: Ester of stearic acid and diglycerin Empirical: C24H48O6 Properties: Nonionic Uses: W/o emulsifier for foods; plasticizer; consistency agent for carbohydrates Trade Names: DGMS; DS-100A; Emalex MSG2; Emalex MSG-2MA; Emalex MSG-2ME Polyglyceryl-3 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 (generic); 27321-72-8; 2685543-6; 61790-95-2; EINECS/ELINCS 248-403-2 Synonyms: Octadecanoic acid, monoester with triglycerol; Octadecanoic acid, monoester with tri-1,2,3-propanetriol diether; Stearic acid, monoester with triglycerol; Triglyceryl stearate Definition: Ester of stearic acid and polyglycerin3 Empirical: C27H54O8 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com Trade Names: Caprol® 3GS; Polyaldo® TGMS; Polyaldo® TGMS KFG; Santone® 3-1-SH; Santone® 3-1-S XTR Polyglyceryl-4 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 (generic); 68004-11-5; 2685544-7 Synonyms: Octadecanoic acid, monoester with tetraglycerol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol, homopolymer, monooctadecanoate; Tetraglycerol monostearate; Tetraglyceryl monostearate Definition: Ester of stearic acid and polyglycerin4 Empirical: C30H60O10 1776

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: J-4081; Tetraglyn 1-SV Polyglyceryl-6 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 (generic); 95461-65-7 Synonyms: Hexaglycerol stearate; Hexaglyceryl stearate Definition: Ester of stearic acid and a glycerin polymer containing an avg. 6 glycerin units Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for foods Trade Names: Emalex MSG-6K Polyglyceryl-8 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 (generic); 75719-57-2 Synonyms: Octadecanoic acid, monoester with octaglycerol; Octaglyceryl stearate Definition: Ester of stearic acid and a glycerin polymer containing an avg. 8 glycerin units Empirical: C42H84O18 Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Polyglyceryl-10 stearate CAS 37349-34-1 (generic); 79777-30-3 Synonyms: Decaglycerin monostearate; Decaglycerol stearate; Decaglyceryl monostearate; Decaglyceryl stearate; Octadecanoic acid, monoester with decaglycerol Definition: Ester of stearic acid and polyglycerin10 Empirical: C48H96O22 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Trade Names: Decaglyn 1-SV; J-0081H; Polyaldo® 10-1-S KFG; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester S-24D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester S28D Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-10D Trade Names Containing: Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-15D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-20D Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Polyglyceryl-6 tetraoleate Uses: Emulsifier in foods, cakes, desserts, beverages Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate CAS 34424-98-1; EINECS/ELINCS 252-011-7 Synonyms: Decaglycerol tetraoleate; Decaglyceryl tetraoleate; 9-Octadecenoic acid, tetraester with decaglycerol; Tetraoleic acid, tetraester with decaglycerol Definition: Tetraester of oleic acid and polyglycerin-10 Empirical: C102H190O25 Properties: HLB 6.0; Nonionic Toxicology: No known toxicity; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, visc. control agent, coupling agent in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: Caprol® 10G40; Mazol® PGO104 K Polyglyceryl-2 tetrastearate CAS 9009-32-9 (generic); 72347-89-8 Synonyms: Diglycerol tetrastearate; Diglyceryl tetrastearate; Octadecanoic acid, tetraester with diglycerol Definition: Tetraester of stearic acid and diglycerin Empirical: C78H150O9 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods, whipped topping base; cloud inhibitor in veg. and salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate CAS 120486-24-0 Synonyms: Diglyceryl triisostearate; Isooctadecanoic acid, triester with diglycerol Definition: Triester of isostearic acid and a dimer of glycerin Empirical: C60H116O8 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods Trade Names: Emalex TISG-2 Polyglyceryl-10 triisostearate Uses: Emulsifier for foods Trade Names: Emalex TISG-10 1777

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Polyglyceryl-10 trioleate CAS 102051-00-3 Synonyms: Decaglycerin trioleate; Decaglyceryl trioleate; 9-Octadecenoic acid, triester with decaglycerol Definition: Triester of oleic acid and polylycerin10 Empirical: C84H158O24 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Carrier for flavors; clouding agent for beverages Polyglyceryl-4 tristearate CAS 99734-29-9 Synonyms: Tetraglyceryl tristearate Definition: Triester of stearic acid and polyglycerin-4 Properties: Nonionic Uses: O/w emulsifier, anticrystallizing agent for foods Trade Names: Tetraglyn 3-S Polyglyceryl-10 tristearate CAS 9009-32-9 (generic); 12709-64-7 Synonyms: Decaglycerin tristearate; Decaglyceryl tristearate; Octadecanoic acid, triester with decaglycerol Definition: Triester of stearic acid and polyglycerin-10 Empirical: C84H164O24 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods Trade Names: Emalex TSG-10 Polyglycol. See Polyethylene glycol Polyglycol 1000. See PEG-20 Polyglycol 4000. See PEG-75 Poly (2-hydroxypropyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride) CAS 39660-17-8 Synonyms: Dimethylamine-epichlorohydrin copolymer; Poly[(dimethylimino)(2hydroxy-1,3-propanedily)chloride] Classification: Quat. polymer Empirical: (C5H12ClNO)n Formula: [CH2CHOHCH2(CH3)2N+Cl–]n Properties: M.w. < 500,000; Cationic Precaution: Nonhazardous (DOT); mildly corrosive Uses: Flocculant, decolorizer for refining sugar liquors and juices Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com

imine Polyindene resin. See Coumarone/indene resin Polyisobutene CAS 9003-27-4 Synonyms: Isobutene homopolymer; Isobutene polymer; Isobutylene homopolymer; Isobutylene polymer; Isobutylene resin; 2-Methyl-1-propene, homopolymer; 2-Methylpropene polymer; PIB; Polyisobutylene; Polymerized 2methylpropene; 1-Propene, 2-methyl-, homopolymer; Propene, 2-methyl-, polymers Classification: Polymer Definition: Homopolymer of isobutylene Empirical: (C4H8)x Formula: [CH2C(CH3)HCH2]x Properties: M.w. (56.11)x; dens. 0.920; ref. index 1.5045 Toxicology: May cause eye/skin/digestive/respiratory tract irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed container Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615 (min. m.w. 37,000), 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 176.180, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1390, 177.1420, 177.2800, 178.1005, 178.1010, 178.3570, 178.3740, 178.3910; Japan approved; FDA approved for injectables; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; RitChem http://www.ritchem.com; Texas Petrochem. http://www.txpetrochem.com Polyisobutylene. See Polyisobutene Poly (isobutylene-co-isoprene). See Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer trans-Polyisoprene. See Gutta percha Poly (laurolactam). See Nylon 12 Polylimonene. See Polydipentene

Poly (imino (1,2-ethanediyl)). See Polyethylene Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1778

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Polymaleic acid CAS 26099-09-2 UN 3265 Synonyms: Z)-2-Butenedioic acid homopolymer; HPMA; Hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride; PMA Empirical: (C4H404)n Formula: [CHCOOHCHCOOH]x Precaution: Corrosive Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Processing aid, mineral scale inhibitor in beet or cane sugar juice and liquor processing; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.45 (0.4 ppm max. as acid), 173.310 (1 ppm max. as acid); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Excel Ind. http://www.excelind.co.in/ Polymaleic acid sodium salt CAS 30915-61-8; 70247-90-4 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Processing aid, mineral scale control agent in beet or cane sugar juice and liquor processing; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.45 (0.4 ppm max., as acid), 173.310 (1 ppm max. as acid); Canada DSL Poly (maleic anhydride), sodium salt Uses: Processing aid, mineral scale inhibitor in beet or cane sugar juice and liquor processing; boiler water additive for food contact Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§173.45, 173.310 Polymannuronic acid. See Alginic acid Polymer of C-18 unsaturated fatty acid dimers with tetra and tofa. See Polyamide Polymeric sodium metaphosphate. See Sodium metaphosphate polymeric trimethyl-dihydroquinoline; Polymerized 1,2-dihydro-2,4,4-trimethyl quinoline. See 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2dihydroquinoline polymer Polymerized 2-methylpropene. See Polyisobutene Polymerized siloxane. See Silicone Polymerized 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dihydroquinoline. See 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2dihydroquinoline polymer Polymethacrylate Uses: Cation exchange resin for refining of cane sugar, purification of foods Trade Names: Diaion® WK10; Diaion® WK11; Diaion® WK100; Diaion® WT01S Poly (methacrylic acid) sodium salt. See Sodium polymethacrylate Poly (methylene) wax. See Paraffin Polyorganosiloxanes. See Silicone Polyorthosilicic acid. See Silica, hydrated Polyox. See Polyethylene glycol Poly[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) ethylene]. See PVP Poly (oxy (dimethylsilylene)). See Dimethylsiloxane; Polydimethylsiloxane Polyoxy (dimethylsilylene), α-(trimethylsilyl)-ωhydroxy. See Dimethylsiloxane Poly (oxy (dimethylsilylene)), α-(trimethylsilyl)ω-methyl-. See Dimethicone Poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-hydro-ω-hydroxy-. See Polyethylene glycol Poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-9-octadecenyl-ωhydroxy-, (Z)-. See Oleth Poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-(1-oxooctadecyl)-ωhydroxy-. See PEG stearate Polyoxyethylene monoglycerides. See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides Polyoxyethylene monooleyl ether. See Oleth Polyoxyethylene monostearate. See PEG stearate Polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene copolymer. See EO/PO block polymer or copolymer Polyoxyethylene (4) Sorbitan Monolaurate. See Polysorbate 21 Polyoxyl oleyl ether. See Oleth Polyoxyl 2 stearate. See PEG-2 stearate Polyoxyl 8 stearate. See PEG-8 stearate Polyoxyl 40 stearate. See PEG-40 stearate Polyoxymethylene glycols. See Formaldehyde Polyoxypropylene (20). See PPG-20 Polyoxypropylene (26). See PPG-26 Polyoxypropylene (30). See PPG-30 Polyoxypropylene/polyoxyethylene block polymer; Polyoxypropylene/polyoxyethylene copolymer. See EO/PO block polymer or copolymer Polyphosphoric acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium polyphosphate Polyphosphoric acid sodium salt; Polyphosphoric acids, sodium salts. See Sodium polyphosphate 1779

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Polypropylene glycol CAS 25322-69-4 (generic); EINECS/ELINCS 200-338-0 Synonyms: α-Hydro-ω-hydroxypoly [oxy (methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)]; α-Hydro-ωhydroxypoly (oxypropylene); Oxirane, methyl-, homopolymer; Poly (propylene oxide); PPG; Propylene oxide homopolymer Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Empirical: (C3H8O2)n Formula: HO(C3H6O)nH, n = 4-70 Properties: Colorless clear visc. liq., sl. bitter taste; sol. in water, aliphatic ketones, alcohol; insol. in ether, aliphatic hydrocarbons; m.w. 400-2000; dens. 1.001-1.007; m.p. does not cryst.; flash pt. > 390 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4190 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin and eye irritant; linked to sensitive reactions; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: In defoamers for beet sugar and yeast processing; defoamer for foods, beverages, candy, shredded coconut, icings; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 177.1680, 178.3740; FDA approved for ophthalmics, orals, topicals Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/ Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com Trade Names: Trans-P2000 K Trade Names Containing: Trans-278; Trans-278 K Polypropylene glycol (20). See PPG-20 Polypropylene glycol (26). See PPG-26 Polypropylene glycol (30). See PPG-30 Polypropylene glycol 1200. See PPG-20 Poly (propylene oxide). See Polypropylene glycol Polysilicic acid. See Silica, hydrated Poly (sodium metaphosphate). See Sodium metaphosphate Polysorbate 20 CAS 9005-64-5 (generic); 68154-33-6 FEMA 2915; INS432 Synonyms: PEG-20 sorbitan laurate; POE (20) sorbitan monolaurate; Sorbimacrogol laurate 300; Sorbitan, monododecanoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs. Definition: Mixture of laurate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides, with ≈ 20 moles ethylene oxide Empirical: C58H114O26 Properties: Lemon to amber liq., char. odor, bitter taste; sol. in water, alcohol, ethyl acetate, methanol, dioxane; insol. in min. oil, min. spirits; m.w. 1227.72; HLB 16.9; acid no. 0-2; sapon. no. 40-50; hyd. no. 60-108; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 37 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 1420 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 3850 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP, IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant in foods; boiler water additives (food contact) Use Level: 1-15% (emulsifier for pharmaceuticals) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 173.310, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3400; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed; FDA approved for intravenous, parenterals, ophthalmics, orals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Fluka 1780

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Avapol™ 20; Avapol™ 20K; Canarcel TW 20; Crillet 1 HP; Crillet 1 NF Crillet 1 Super; Glycosperse® L-20 K; Liposorb L-20; Lumisorb™ PSML-20 K; Nissan Nonion LT-221 Sorbax PML-20; Sorgen TW20; T-Maz® 20; Tween® 20 Pharma Polysorbate 21 CAS 9005-64-5 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-4 sorbitan laurate; POE (4) sorbitan monolaurate; Polyoxyethylene (4) Sorbitan Monolaurate Definition: Mixture of laurate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides, with ≈ 4 moles ethylene oxide Properties: Yellow oily liquid; hydroxyl value 220-250; sapon. value 100-115; acid value 3.0; HLB 13.3; Nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal, intravenous routes; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, wetting agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Polysorbate 40 CAS 9005-66-7 (generic) INS434 Synonyms: POE (20) sorbitan monopalmitate; Sorbimacrogol palmitate 300; Sorbitan, monohexadecanoate, poly(oxy-1,2ethanediyl) derivs. Definition: Mixture of palmitate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides, with ≈ 20 moles of ethylene oxide Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C62H122O26 Properties: Yel. liq., faint char. odor; sol. in water, alcohol; insol. in min. and veg. oils; m.w. 1283.84; HLB 15.6; acid no. 2.2 max.; sapon. no. 41-52; hyd. no. 89-105; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rat) 1580 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, dough improver, crystallization retarder, solubilizer, stabilizer, flavor dispersant, wetting agent in foods; veg./fruit coating; defoamer for yeast, sugar processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 178.3400; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for parenterals, intramuscular injectables, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Crillet 2 Super; Sorbax PMP-20 Polysorbate 60 CAS 9005-67-8 (generic) FEMA 2916; INS435 Synonyms: PEG-20 sorbitan stearate; POE (20) sorbitan monostearate; Sorbimacrogol stearate 300; Sorbitan, monooctadecanoate, poly (oxy-1,2ethanediyl) derivs. Definition: Mixture of stearate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides, with ≈ 20 moles ethylene oxide Empirical: C64H126O26 Properties: Lemon to orange oily liq., faint char. odor, bitter taste; sol. in water, alcohol, aniline, ethyl acetate, toluene; insol. in min. and veg. oils; m.w. 1311.90; HLB 14.9; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 81-96; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rat) 1220 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes 1781

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, emulsifier, opacifier, foaming agent, dough conditioner, dispersant, surfactant, wetting agent, protective coating, stabilizer in foods, whipped toppings, cakes, confection coatings, dressings, shortenings/edible oils, coffee whiteners); poultry scald agent; boiler water additive for food processing; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1001, 172.515, 172.836, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 178.3400; USDA CFR9 §318.7, 381.147 (limitation 1% max., 1% total combined with polysorbate 80, 0.0175% in scald water); FEMA GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals, rectals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Avapol™ 60; Avapol™ 60K; Bealite™ 2315; Canarcel TW 60; Crillet 3 Crillet 3 NF; Durfax® 60; Durfax® 60K; Glycosperse® S-20 KFG; Liposorb S-20K Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K; Lumisorb™ PSMS20 LK; Sorbax PMS-20; T-Maz® 60K; TS10MV TS-10V; Tween® 60 Pharma; Tween® 60K; Tween® 60V Trade Names Containing: Atlas® 5520; Atmos® 378 K; Bake-Well Bun Release; Bealite™ 650; Betricing MG-60; Panatex® K; Soft Touch K; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8 Tandem® 11H K; Tandem® 552; Tandem® 552 K; Vanall; Vykamol 83G Polysorbate 61 CAS 9005-67-8 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-4 sorbitan stearate; POE (4) sorbitan monostearate Definition: Mixture of stearate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides, with ≈ 4 moles EO Empirical: C64H126O26 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Yel. oily liquid; m.w. 1311.70; dens. 1.044; flash pt. > 110 C; hydroxyl value 165195; sapon. value 95-115; acid value 3.0; Nonionic Toxicology: Moderately toxic by intravenous route; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, lubricant for flavors, vitamin oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Crillet 31; Tween® 61 Polysorbate 65 CAS 9005-71-4 INS436 Synonyms: PEG-20 sorbitan tristearate; POE (20) sorbitan tristearate; Sorbimacrogol tristearate 300; Sorbitan, trioctadecanoate, poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs. Definition: Mixture of stearate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides, with ≈ 20 moles EO Properties: Tan waxy solid, faint odor, bitter taste; sol. in min. and veg. oils, min. spirits, acetone, ether, dioxane, alcohol, methanol; disp. in water, CCl4; sp. gr. 1.05; HLB 10.5; pour pt. 33 C; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 8898; hyd. no. 44-60; flash pt. (CC) 149 C; Nonionic Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat) 635 g/kg; experimental reproductive effector; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear safety glasses, lab coat, and dust respirator Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Emulsifier, dispersant, stabilizer in foods, ice cream, frozen desserts, cakes, cake mixes/icings/fillings, whipped toppings, coffee whiteners; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1001, 172.838, 173.340, 175.300, 178.3400; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Avapol™ 65; Crillet 35; Durfax® 1782

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 65; Glycosperse® TS-20 KFG; Kotilen-S/3 Liposorb TS-20; Liposorb TS-20K; Lumisorb™ PSTS-20K; Sorbax PTS-20; TMaz® 65K Tween® 65 Trade Names Containing: Aldosperse® TS-20; Aldosperse® TS-20 FG; Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS-40; Aldosperse® TS40 FG Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG Polysorbate 80 CAS 9005-65-6 (generic); 37200-49-0; 61790-861 FEMA 2917; INS433 Synonyms: PEG-20 sorbitan oleate; POE (20) sorbitan monooleate; Sorbimacrogol oleate 300 Definition: Mixture of oleate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides, with ≈ 20 moles EO Properties: Amber visc. liq.; faint odor; bitter taste; nonionic; very sol. in water; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, cottonseed oil, corn oil, ethyl acetate, methanol, toluene; insol. in min. oil; dens. 1.06-1.10; visc. 270-430 cSt; HLB 15.0; acid no. 2 max.; sapon. no. 45-55; hyd. no. 6580; pH 5-7 (5% aq.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 25 g/kg, (IP, rats) 6.3 ml/kg, (IV, rat) 179 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; eye irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Diluent in food colorants; synthetic flavoring agent, emulsifier, solubilizer, dispersant, surfactant, wetting agent, stabilizer in foods; in defoamers for beet sugar, yeast processing; emulsifier in ice cream, edible fat/oils; solubilizer, dispersant in pickles, vitamin-mineral preps., gelatin dessert; surfactant in prod. of coarse cryst. NaCl; wetting agent in poultry scalds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.1001, 172.515, 172.840, 172.842, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.180, 178.3400, 573.860; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147 (limitation 1% alone, 1% total combined with polysorbate 60); FEMA GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for buccals, intramuscular Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

injectables, intravenous, parenterals, ophthalmics, orals, otics, rectals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Alkamuls® PSMO-20; Avapol™ 80; Avapol™ 80K; Canarcel TW 80; Crillet 4 Crillet 4 HP; Crillet 4 NF; Crillet 4 Super; Durfax® 80; Glycosperse® O-20 KFG Lamesorb® SMO-20; Liposorb O-20; Liposorb O-20K; Lonzest® SMO-20; Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK Lumisorb™ PSMO-20K; Nissan Nonion OT221; Sorbax PMO-20; T-Maz® 80; T-Maz® 80K T-Maz® 80KLM; TO-10V; Tween® 80K; Tween® 80V Pharma Trade Names Containing: AFC AS 920; Aldosperse® O-20; Aldosperse® O-20 KFG; Ice # 2; Monofreeze 80 Polysorbate 81 CAS 9005-65-6 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-5 sorbitan oleate; POE (5) sorbitan monooleate Definition: Mixture of oleate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides, with ≈ 5 moles EO Properties: Amber oily liquid; visc. 300-500 cs; hydroxyl value 134-150; sapon. value 96-104; acid value 2.2; HLB 10.0; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier for bakery, confectionery, convenience foods; solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils; visc. modifier, suspending agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Trade Names: Crillet 41; Hetsorb O-5; Sorbax PMO-5; T-Maz® 81; Tween® 81 Polysorbate 85 CAS 9005-70-3 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-20 sorbitan trioleate; POE 1783

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference (20) sorbitan trioleate; Sorbimacrogol trioleate 300 Definition: Mixture of oleate esters of sorbitol and sorbitol anhydrides, with ≈ 20 moles ethylene oxide Properties: HLB 11.0; Nonionic Toxicology: Human skin irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils; o/w emulsifier for bakery, dairy, confectionery, convenience food applics.; wetting agent, dispersant, stabilizer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 178.3400 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Alkamuls® PSTO-20; Crillet 45; Sorbax PTO-20; Tween® 85 Polystyrene CAS 9003-53-6; EINECS/ELINCS 202-851-5 UN 2211 Synonyms: Atactic polystyrene; Benzene, ethenyl-, homopolymer; Ethenylbenzene homopolymer; Polystyrene latex; Polystyrene resin; Polystyrol; PS; Styrene polymer; Styrene, polymerized; Vinylbenzene polymer Classification: Hydrocarbon polymer Definition: High molecular weight thermoplastic resin produced by free radical polymerization of styrene; grades: crystal, impact, expandable Empirical: (C8H8)x Formula: (CH(C6H5)CH2)x Properties: Colorless to ylsh. glassy solid or soft colorless foam, penetrating odor; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 2500-250,000; dens. 1.047 kg/l; m.p. 86-91 C; soften. pt. 80102 C; ref. index 1.5916; tens. str. 52 MPa; tens. mod. 3900 MPa Toxicology: TDLo (IV, rat, 2 wk intermittent) 200 mg/kg, (implant, rat) 1 mg/kg; severe eye irritant; may cause irritation to mucous membranes; can be narcotic in high concs.; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen by implant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Ion-exchange resin for purification of Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods and potable water (removes undesirable ions); purification of glycerin and enzymes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 176.180, 177.1200, 177.1640, 177.2600, 178.1005 Manuf./Distrib.: A. Schulman http://www.aschulman.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced ChemTech http://www.advancedchemtech.com/; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ampacet http://www.ampacet.com Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com Dow Plastics http://www.dow.com/plastics; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GE Plastics http://www.geplastics.com; GE Plastics http://www.geplastics.com Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Nova Ltd http://www.novachem.com; Reichhold http://www.reichhold.com Royce Int'l. http://www.royceintl.com; Scott Bader http://www.scottbader.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz; Westlake Plastics http://www.westlakeplastics.com/ Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Diaion® SA20A; Diaion® SA21A; Diaion® UBK530; Diaion® UBK550; Diaion® UBK555 Diaion® WA30 Poly (styrene-co-butadiene). See Styrene/butadiene polymer Polystyrene latex; Polystyrene resin; Polystyrol. See Polystyrene Polysulfone resin CAS 25135-51-3 Synonyms: PSU Definition: Amorphous engineering thermoplastic with high resist. to acids, alcohols and salt 1784

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference sol'ns.; resist. to heat, oxidation, detergents; low flamm. and smoke emission; selfextinguishing; good creep resist. and elec. props.; dimensionally stable Properties: Transparent hard rigid solid; sol. in aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, chlorinated hydrocarbons; m.w. 30,000; dens. 1.24 kg/l; ref. index 1.6330; tens. str. 70 N/mm2; tens. mod. 2.5 N/mm2; elong. 75% (break) Precaution: Combustible, but selfextinguishing Uses: In membranes for liq. separations for food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.1655 Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; GE Plastics http://www.geplastics.com Trade Names Containing: Filmtec®; Filmtec® BW30-400; Filmtec® BW30-2540; Filmtec® BW30-4014; Filmtec® BW30-4040 Filmtec® SW30-2514; Filmtec® SW30-2540; Filmtec® SW30-4040; Filmtec® SW30HR2521; Filmtec® TW30-2026 Filmtec® TW30-2514; Filmtec® TW30-2521; Filmtec® TW30-2540; Filmtec® TW30-4014; Filmtec® TW30-4021 Filmtec® TW30-4040; Filmtec® TW30HP2540; Filmtec® TW30HP-4611; Filmtec® TW30HP-4641 Polyterpene resin. See Terpene resin Polythene. See Polyethylene Poly-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline. See 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline polymer Polyvidone; Polyvidonum. See PVP Polyvidonum insoluble, crosslinked. See Crospovidone Polyvinol. See Polyvinyl alcohol Polyvinyl acetate CAS 9003-20-7 Synonyms: Acetic acid, ethenyl ester, homopolymer; Acetic acid, vinyl ester, polymer; Acetic acid vinyl ester polymers; Ethenyl acetate, homopolymer; Poly (vinylacetate); Polyvinyl acetate homopolymer; Polyvinyl acetate resin; PVA; PVAc; Vinyl acetate homopolymer; Vinyl acetate polymer; Vinyl acetate resin Classification: Homopolymer Definition: Homopolymer of vinyl acetate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: (C4H6O2)x Formula: [CH2CHOOCOCH3]x Properties: Water-wh. clear solid resin; sol. in benzene, acetone; insol. in water; dens. 1.191; ref. index 1.4670 Toxicology: LD (oral, rat) > 25 g/kg, (oral, mouse) > 25 g/kg; very low toxicity by ing.; tumorigen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Refrigerate Uses: Diluent for food colorants; masticatory substance for chewing gum; mfg. of food pkg. paper/paperboard; coating material (Japan) Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.615 (m.w. 2000 min.), 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2800, 181.22, 181.30; Japan approved; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Apollo http://www.apollochemical.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Gehring Montgomery http://www.gehring-montgomery.com; H.B. Fuller http://www.hbfuller.com; Hampshire Lenape Ind. http://www.lenape.com/; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com; Reichhold http://www.reichhold.com Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Rohm & Haas http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com; Wacker Chems. http://www.wackersilicones.com; WackerChemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Poly (vinylacetate); Polyvinyl acetate homopolymer; Polyvinyl acetate resin. See Polyvinyl acetate Polyvinyl alcohol CAS 9002-89-5 (super and fully hydrolyzed); EINECS/ELINCS 209-183-3 1785

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Ethenol homopolymer; Polyvinol; Polyvinyl alcohol, hydrolyzed; Polyvinyl alcohol resin; Poval; PVA; PVAL; PVAL, hydrolyzed; PVOH; Vinyl alcohol polymer Classification: Polymer; aliphatic organic compd. Definition: Water-sol. synthetic thermoplastic avail. as cast film, fiber or aq. sol'n.; film is characterized by oil resist., toughness, and high tens. str. Empirical: (C2H4O)x Formula: [CH2CHOH]x, avg. x = 500-5000 Properties: Wh. to cream amorphous powd. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; insol. in petrol. solvs.; m.w. (44.05)x, avg. 120,000; dens. 1.329; softens at 200 C with dec.; flash pt. (OC) 175 F; ref. index 1.49-1.53; pH 5-8 (4%) Toxicology: TDLo (subcut., rat) 2500 mg/kg, (implant, rat) 10 g/kg; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen by implant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizers; dust exposed to flame presents sl. explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Uses: Diluent for egg shell colorants; in mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. (for fatty foods only) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1200, 177.1670, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.30; Canada DSL; FDA approved for ophthalmics, orals, injectables, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Brenntag (UK) Ltd http://www.brenntag.co.uk CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; DuPont Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.dupont.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GCA Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Itochu Chems. Am. http://www.itochu-sc.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; San Yuan; Shin-Etsu http://www.silicone.jp/e/ Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wacker-Chemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Polyvinyl alcohol, hydrolyzed; Polyvinyl alcohol resin. See Polyvinyl alcohol Poly (n-vinylbutyrolactam). See PVP Poly(vinylpolypyrrolidone). See Crospovidone Poly (1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) homopolymer; Polyvinylpyrrolidone. See PVP Polyvinylpyrrolidone, crosslinked. See Crospovidone Pomegranate bark extract. See Pomegranate (Punica granatum) bark extract Pomegranate (Punica granatum) bark extract CAS 977018-22-6 FEMA 2918 Synonyms: Pomegranate bark extract; Punica granatum; Punica granatum bark extract Definition: Extract of the bark of Punica granatum Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Ponceau 3R CAS 3564-09-8 1786

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: AF red no. 1; CI 16155; CI food red 6; CI food red 6, disodium salt; D&C Red No. 15; Disodium 3-hydroxy-4-((2,4,5trimethylphenyl) azo)-2,7naphthalenedisulfonate; Disodium 3hydroxy-4-((2,4,5-trimethylphenyl) azo)-2,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid; Ext. D&C Red No. 15; FD&C Red No. 1; 3-Hydroxy-4((2,4,5-trimethylphenyl) azo)-2,7naphthalenedisulfonic acid, disodium salt; Japan red 1; Maple ponceau 3R; Ponceau RN; Scarlet F; Sodium cumeneazo-βnaphthol disulfonate Empirical: C19H16N2O7S2 • 2Na Formula: (CH3)3C6H2N=NC10H4(OH)(SO3)2 • 2Na Properties: Red to dk. red cryst. powd.; sol. in water and acids to form cherry-red sol'n.; sol. 10-50 mg/ml in DMSO; sol. < 1 mg/ml in 95% ethanol, acetone; insol. in veg. oils, alkalis; m.w. 494.47; m.p. > 300 C Toxicology: TDLo (oral, mouse, 65 wks continuous) 1640 g/kg; suspected carcinogen Precaution: Probably combustible Storage: Store under ambient temps. Uses: Colorant in foods (prohibited) Regulatory: Prohibited by FDA for use in foods, drugs, and cosmetics; not permitted in food (EU) Manuf./Distrib.: ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Ponceau 4R. See Acid red 18 Ponceau RN. See Ponceau 3R Ponceau SX CAS 4548-53-2; EINECS/ELINCS 224-909-9 INS125 Synonyms: CI 14700; 3-[(2,4-Dimethyl-5sulfophenyl) azo]-4-hydroxy-1naphthalenesulfonic acid disodium salt; Food red 1; 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 3[(2,4-dimethyl-5-sulfophenyl) azo]-4hydroxy-, disodium salt; Scarlet GN Classification: Monoazo color Empirical: C18H16N2O7S2 • 2Na Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: Not permitted for food (EU) Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

See also FD&C Red No. 4 POP (15). See PPG-15 POP (33) butyl ether. See PPG-33 butyl ether Popcorn pyridine. See 2-Acetylpyridine POP (2) methyl ether. See PPG-2 methyl ether POP/POE copolymer. See EO/PO block polymer or copolymer POP (5) POE (6) monobutyl ether. See PPG-5buteth-7 POP (12) POE (16) monobutyl ether. See PPG12-buteth-16 POP (20) POE (30) monobutyl ether. See PPG20-buteth-30 POP (28) POE (35) monobutyl ether. See PPG28-buteth-35 POP (33) POE (45) monobutyl ether. See PPG33-buteth-45 Poppy seed. See Poppyseed (Papaver somniferum) Poppyseed (Papaver somniferum) CAS 977051-77-6 FEMA 2919 Synonyms: Papaver somniferum; Poppy seed Definition: Papaver somniferum Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Porcelain clay. See Kaolin Portland stone. See Calcium carbonate Potash. See Potassium carbonate Potash alum. See Potassium alum dodecahydrate; Potassium alum anhydrous Potash lye; Potassa. See Potassium hydroxide Potassic ascorbate. See Potassium ascorbate Potassium acesulfame. See Acesulfame potassium Potassium acetate CAS 127-08-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-822-2 FEMA 2920; INS261(i); E261 Synonyms: Acetic acid potassium salt; Diuretic salt Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Definition: Potassium salt of acetic acid Empirical: C2H3KO2 Formula: CH3COOK Properties: Colorless lustrous cryst. or wh. cryst. powd. or flakes, odorless or faint acetous odor, saline taste; sol. in water, alcohol, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in ether; m.w. 98.14; dens. 1.57; m.p. 292 C; dec. on heating 1787

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3.25 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Deliq.; keep tightly closed; store @ R.T. Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, preservative, pH control agent, buffer, neutralizer, color fixing agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed; FDA approved for ophthalmics, rectals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Contract Chems. Ltd http://www.contract-chemicals.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Niacet http://www.niacet.com Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Potassium acetate. See Potassium diacetate Potassium acid carbonate. See Potassium bicarbonate Potassium acid phosphate. See Potassium phosphate Potassium acid sulfate. See Potassium bisulfate Potassium acid sulfite. See Potassium bisulfite Potassium acid tartrate CAS 868-14-4; EINECS/ELINCS 212-769-1 INS336(i) Synonyms: Acid potassium tartrate; Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, monopotassium salt; Cream of tartar; 2,3Dihydroxysuccinic acid, potassium salt; Dipotassium L-(+)-tartrate; Monopotassium tartrate; Monopotassium L-(+)-tartrate; Potassium bitartrate; Potassium hydrogen tartrate; Potassium tartrate; Tartar; Tartar cream; L-Tartaric acid monopotassium salt Definition: Salt of L(+)-tartaric acid Empirical: C4H5KO6 Formula: KHC4H4O6 Properties: Colorless or sl. opaque cryst. or wh. cryst. powd., pleasant acid taste; sol. in water, sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 188.18; dens. 1.984 Toxicology: LDLo (oral, rat) 22 g/kg; low toxicity by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Mixts. with carbon + nitrogen oxide ignite below 400 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O Uses: Direct food additive; anticaking agent, antimicrobial, formulation aid, processing aid, humectant, leavening agent, pH control agent, stabilizer, sequestrant, thickener, surfactant in foods, baking powder, baked goods, confections, gelatins, puddings, candy, jams; prep. of other tartrates Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §150.141, 150.161, 184.1077, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; BATF 27CFR §240.1051 (limitation 25 lb/1000 gal grape wine); Europe listed; UK approved; Japan approved; Canada DSL 1788

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; British Pepper & Spice Co. Ltd http://www.britishpepper.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Spice King; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Potassium adipate CAS 19147-16-1 E357; INS357 Synonyms: Potassium hexanedioate Definition: Potassium salt of adipic acid. Empirical: K2C6H8O4 Properties: M.w. 222.32 Uses: pH control agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Dr. Paul Lohmann http://www.lohmann4minerals.com Potassium alginate CAS 9005-36-1 INS402; E402 Synonyms: Alginic acid, potassium salt; Potassium polymannuronate Definition: Potassium salt of alginic acid Empirical: (C6H7O6K)x Properties: Wh. gran., odorless, tasteless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; m.w. 214.22 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Gellant, thickener, suspending agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, water-binder in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1610, GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Grindsted™ Alginate FD 200; KELMAR® Potassium alum. See Potassium alum dodecahydrate Potassium alum (INCI). See Potassium alum anhydrous Potassium alum anhydrous CAS 10043-67-1; EINECS/ELINCS 233-141-3 INS522 Synonyms: Alum; Aluminum potassium alum; Aluminum potassium disulfate; Aluminum potassium sulfate; Aluminum potassium sulfate alum; Aluminum potassium sulfate, anhydrous; Alum, potassium; Burnt alum; Burnt potassium alum; Dialuminum dipotassium sulfate; Exsiccated alum; Potash alum; Potassium alum (INCI); Potassium aluminum sulfate; Potassium aluminum sulfate (1:1:2); Sulfuric acid, aluminum potassium salt (2:1:1) Classification: Inorganic aluminum compd. Empirical: AlKO8S2 Formula: KAl(SO4)2 Properties: Wh. powd. or colorless cryst.; odorless; sweet styptic taste; freely sol. in glycerol, dil. acid; sol. 1 g/10 ml cold water, 1 ml boiling water, usually incompletely; pract. insol. in alcohol; m.w. 258.20; dens. 1.725; becomes anhyd. @ 200 C; pH 3.3 (0.2 molar aq.); noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 mg/m3 (sol. salts, as Al); TDLo (oral, rat, 26 wks 1789

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference intermittent) 4355 mg/kg; nuisance dust; inh. of dust may irritate nose and throat; ing. of large doses of solid or conc. sol'n. may cause GI irritation, stomach burns, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea; causes redness and irritation to eyes and skin; mutation data; TSCA listed Precaution: Dust can react with moisture to form weak sulfuric acid mists Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Dec. above 200 C to form corrosive sulfuric acid fumes Storage: Keep well closed Uses: pH control agent, stabilizer in foods; baking powd. ingred.; flocculant for sugar clarification Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §178.3120 Manuf./Distrib.: Aerchem http://www.aerchem.com; Aithaca; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Holland http://www.hollandcompany.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RiedeldeHaën http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Fluka ___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Riedel. html; Skymart Enterprises Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com Potassium alum dodecahydrate CAS 7784-24-9; EINECS/ELINCS 233-141-3 INS522 Synonyms: Alum; Alum flour; Aluminum potassium sulfate; Alum meal; Alum, potassium; Cube alum; Kalinite; Potash alum; Potassium alum; Potassium aluminum sulfate; Sulfuric acid, aluminum potassium salt (2:1:1), dodecahydrate Classification: Inorganic aluminum salt Empirical: AlH24KO20S2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: KAl(SO4)2 • 12H2O (dodecahydrate) Properties: Transparent cryst. or wh. cryst. powd., odorless, sweetish astringent taste; sol. in glycerin; sol. 1 g/7.2 ml water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 474.38; dens. 1.725; m.p. 92.5 C; b.p. loses 18 H2O @ 64.5 C; pH 3.3 (0.2M aq.) Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat) 1120 mg/kg; irritant; nuisance dust HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Food additive; buffer, firming agent for pickles; neutralizer in foods; clarifier for sugar; hardener for gelatin; baking powds.; purifying water; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Features: Multipurpose Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.102, 133.106, 133.111, 133.141, 133.165, 133.181, 133.183, 133.195, 137.105, 137.155, 137.160, 137.165, 137.170, 137.175, 137.180, 137. 185. 178.3120, 182.90, 182.1129, GRAS; Japan approved except for miso; BP, Ph.Eur. compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Cater Chems. http://www.caterchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Potassium aluminum silicate INS555 Uses: Anticaking agent in foods Potassium aluminum sulfate; Potassium aluminum sulfate (1:1:2). See Potassium alum anhydrous Potassium ascorbate CAS 15421-15-5 INS303; E303 Synonyms: Potassic ascorbate; Potassium salt of vitamin C Definition: Potassium salt of ascorbic acid Empirical: KC6H7O6 Properties: Off-wh. to tan grans.; m.w. 214.22 Toxicology: Acute and potentially fatal potassium toxicity (hyperkalemia) may occur at 18 g potassium/day in adults; contraindicated for those with renal insufficiency 1790

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Storage: Moisture-sensitive; store in a clean, dry warehouse in the original unopened containers Uses: Antioxidant and dietary supplement in foods; potassium and Vitamin C source; buffer and stabilizer in folic acid preps. Manuf./Distrib.: Jost http://www.jostchemical.com Potassium aspartate CAS 1115-63-5; 14007-45-5 (hemihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 214-226-4; 237-814-2 Synonyms: L-Aspartic acid, monopotassium salt; Aspartic acid, potassium salt; LAspartic acid, potassium salt; Potassium Laspartate; Potassium hydrogen aspartate Definition: Potassium salt of aspartic acid Empirical: C4H6NO4 • K; C4H5KNO4 • 0.5H2O (hemihydrate) Formula: KOOCCH2CHNH2COOH Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7937 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 667 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 4061 mg/kg; may cause eye/skin irritation; avoid raising dust; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; protect from light, moisture Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320 Manuf./Distrib.: Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Potassium L-aspartate. See Potassium aspartate Potassium benzoate CAS 582-25-2 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 209481-3 INS212; E212 Synonyms: Benzoic acid potassium salt Definition: Potassium salt of benzoic acid; avail. as the trihydrate Empirical: C7H5KO2 Formula: C6H5COOK Properties: Wh. gran. or cryst. powd., odorless or pract. odorless; sol. in water; sparingly sol. in alcohol; m.w.160.22; m.p. > 300 C; stable in air Toxicology: Mild irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Preservative for foods, margarine, beverages, wine Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110, 177.1210; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (limitation 0.1%), BATF 27CFR §240.1051 (limitation 0.1% in wine); Europe listed; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aerchem http://www.aerchem.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Am. Tartaric Prods. http://www.americantartaric.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/; DCV Bionutritionals; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Kemira ChemSolutions BV http://www.kemira.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Optipure Chemco Ind. http://www.optipure.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Tilley http://www.tilleychem.com; Trigon Chemie 1791

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GmbH http://www.trigon-de.com/; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com Trade Names: Probenz® PG Potassium o-benzosulfimide. See Potassium saccharin Potassium bicarbonate CAS 298-14-6; EINECS/ELINCS 206-059-0 INS501(ii); E501 Synonyms: Acid potassium carbonate; Carbonic acid monopotassium salt; Monopotassium carbonate; Potassium acid carbonate; Potassium hydrogen carbonate Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: CHKO3 Formula: KHCO3 Properties: Colorless prisms or wh. gran. powd., odorless, sl. salty taste; sol. 224 g/l in water (0 C) forming alkaline sol'ns.; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 100.12; dens. 2.17; stable in air; dec. on heating to 100-200 C Toxicology: Nuisance dust; TSCA listed Precaution: Dec. without melting into K2CO3, H2O, and CO2; dec. rapidly at 350 F HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Direct food additive; alkali, leavening agent, formulation aid, processing aid, nutrient, pH control agent, stabilizer in foods, dietary drinks, dried milk prods., baked goods, margarine Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §73.85, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 184.1613, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Albion Inorganic Chems. http://www.albionchemicals.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Armand Prods. http://www.armandproducts.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Asiamerica Int'l.; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Church & Dwight http://www.ahperformance.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Potassium biphosphate. See Potassium phosphate Potassium bisulfate CAS 7646-93-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-594-1 UN 2509; INS515(ii); E515 Synonyms: Acid potassium sulfate; Monopotassium sulfate; Potassium acid sulfate; Potassium hydrogen sulfate; Potassium sulfate; Sulfuric acid, monopotassium salt Definition: Potassium salt of sulfuric acid Empirical: KHSO4 Properties: Wh. cryst. or gran.; freely sol. in water; insol. in ethanol; m.w. 136.17; dens. 2.24; m.p. 197 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2340 mg/kg; corrosive; causes burns; may be harmful by skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; extremely destructive to tissue of mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; inh. may cause spasm, inflamm./edema of larynx/bronchi, chem. pneumonitis, pulmonary edema; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, alcohols Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: SOx; emits toxic 1792

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference fumes under fire conditions Storage: Deliq.; hygroscopic; moisture-sensitive; store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: pH control agent, processing aid in foods; pH control agent, leavening agent in cake mixes; wine making Regulatory: GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Riedel-deHaën http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Fluka ___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Riedel. html; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium See also Potassium sulfate Potassium bisulfite CAS 7773-03-7 INS228; E228 Synonyms: Potassium acid sulfite; Potassium hydrogen sulfite Empirical: HKO3S Formula: KHSO3 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sulfur dioxide odor; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.p. 190 C (dec.) Toxicology: May cause allergic reactions incl. anaphylaxis Uses: Antioxidant, preservative for foods; preservative, sterilant, sulfurous acid source in brewing Features: Not for use in meats, sources of vitamin B1, raw fruits and vegetables, or fresh potatoes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3616 (not for use in meats), GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk Potassium bitartrate. See Potassium acid tartrate Potassium bromate CAS 7758-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-829-8 UN 1484 (DOT); INS924a Synonyms: Bromic acid, potassium salt Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: BrKO3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: KBrO3 Properties: Wh. cryst. or gran.; sol. in 12.5 parts water; almost insol. in alcohol; m.w. 167.01; dens. 3.27 (17.5 C); m.p. 350 C, dec. 370 C, releasing oxygen Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 321 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 177 mg/kg; poison by ing.; eye, skin, mucous membrane irritant; may cause mild intestinal irritation; ing. may cause vomiting, diarrhea, renal injury; confirmed carcinogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Powerful oxidizer; dangerous fire risk in contact with organic materials; mixts. with sulfur may ignite; violent reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of Br– and K2O Uses: Food additive; flour treatment agent, dough conditioner, maturing agent, bleaching agent, improving agent in foods; malting of barley for prod. of fermented malt beverages or distilled spirits; oxidizing agent in baking, brewing; processing aid in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 136.115, 136.130, 136.160, 136.180, 137.155, 137.160, 137.205, 172.730, 75 ppm max.; Japan restricted (0.03 g/kg max. of flour as bromic acid); Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l. BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ ICL Industrial Prods. http://www.dsbg.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal 1793

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Arco B; Bagel Base; Brewloid®; Bromitabs; Calib CDC-10A; CDC-2001; Fermaloid®; Oxitabs Potassium bromide CAS 7758-02-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-830-3 Synonyms: Bromide salt of potassium; Tripotassium tribromide Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: BrK Formula: KBr Properties: Colorless cubic cryst.; sol. in water, glycerol, ether; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 119.01; dens. 2.75; vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (795 C); m.p. 730 C; b.p. 1380 C; pH 5.5-8.5 (5%, 20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3070 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1030 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; mild skin and eye irritant; large doses can cause CNS depression; prolonged inh. can cause skin eruptions; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Violent reaction with BrF3 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O and Br– HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Washing water agent for washing/lye peeling of fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.315, 178.1010, 178.2010; BP, Ph.Eur. compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com AmeriBrom http://www.ameribrom.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Barker Ind. http://www.barkerind.com; Cater Chems. http://www.caterchem.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemtura/Great Lakes http://www.chemtura.com/corporate/v/index .jsp?vgnextoid=2a497e765e59b010VgnVCM 10000052d7010aRCRD&vgn; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Hawks Chem. Co Ltd http://www.hawkschem.com/; ICL Industrial Prods. http://www.dsbg.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; MorreTec Ind. http://www.morretec.com Morton Int'l. http://www.morton.com; http://www.rohmhaas.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Oakwood Prods. http://www.oakwoodchemical.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Potassium t-butoxide. See Potassium t-butylate Potassium t-butylate CAS 865-47-4 Synonyms: KTB; 2-Methyl-2-propanol potassium salt; Potassium t-butoxide Empirical: C4H10KO Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 113.22 Toxicology: Probably very toxic and irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes; may cause severe caustic tissue burns Precaution: Flamm.; strong reactive base; ignites on contact with acids or reactive solvs.; ignites when heated in air Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Catalyst for transesterification and isomerization of fats and oils Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: BASF AG http://www.basf.de Potassium butyl 4-oxidobenzoate. See Potassium butyl paraben Potassium butyl paraben CAS 38566-94-8; EINECS/ELINCS 254-009-1 Synonyms: n-Butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate potassium salt; Butylparaben, potassium salt; Potassium butyl 4-oxidobenzoate Definition: Potassium salt of butylparaben 1794

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C11H14O • K Uses: Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods Potassium caprate CAS 13040-18-1; EINECS/ELINCS 235-910-9 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Decanoic acid, potassium salt Empirical: C10H19KO2 Properties: M.w. 210.355 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.863 Potassium caprylate CAS 764-71-6 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Octanoic acid, potassium salt; Potassium octanoate; Potassium noctanoate Empirical: C8H15KO2 Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 182 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods; potassium source in dietary supplements Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.863; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Potassium carbonate CAS 584-08-7; EINECS/ELINCS 209-529-3 INS501(i); E501 Synonyms: American ash; Carbonate of potash; Carbonic acid dipotassium salt; Dipotassium carbonate; Pearl ash; Potash; Potassium carbonate (2:1); Salt of tartar Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: CK2O3 Formula: K2CO3 Properties: Wh. gran., translucent powd., odorless; alkaline taste; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, acetone, glycerol; m.w. 138.20; dens. 2.428 (19 C); m.p. 891 C; b.p. dec.; noncombustible Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1870 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 2570 mg/kg; poison by ing.; sol'ns. irritating to tissue; strong caustic; TSCA listed Precaution: Strong caustic; incompat. with KCO, magnesium, chlorine trifluoride Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Deliq., hygroscopic Uses: Direct food additive; flavoring agent, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

adjuvant, nutrient supplement, pH control agent, alkali, processing aid in foods, margarine, soups; auxiliary for processing cocoa beans, fermentation of tobacco, drying of fruit; isomerization agent for modified hop extract (for flavoring beer); boiler water additive (food contact); yeast nutrient Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 172.560, 173.310, 184.1619, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; Canada DSL; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; ASHTA http://www.ashtachemicals.com; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Albion Inorganic Chems. http://www.albionchemicals.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Armand Prods. http://www.armandproducts.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; BassTech Int'l. http://www.basstechintl.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Church & Dwight http://www.ahperformance.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Ruger 1795

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Technichem http://www.arrowtechnichem.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: AFC WS 4600P; Isagel® PF 38; Viscarin® PS 3377 Potassium carbonate (2:1). See Potassium carbonate Potassium carrageenan CAS 64366-24-1 INS407 Synonyms: Carrageenan, potassium salt Definition: Potassium salt of carrageenan Toxicology: LDLo (IP, mouse) 40 mg/kg; may cause structural changes in vascular vessels, changes to liver, kidney, ureter, and bladder; mutagen Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, gellant, thickener in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.623, 172.626, 176.170 Potassium caseinate CAS 68131-54-4 Synonyms: Casein, potassium salt; Caseins, potassium complexes Definition: Potassium salt of casein Properties: Off-wh. solid Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in dairy prods., margarine, frozen custard, fruit sherbets; binder; emulsifier for low sodium dietetic foods Features: More milk-like flavor than other caseinates Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §135.110, 135.140; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com; Excelpro; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Trade Names: Potassium Caseinate S

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Potassium chloride CAS 7447-40-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-211-8 INS508; E508 Synonyms: Chloropotassuril; Dipotassium dichloride; Muriate of potash; Potassium monochloride; Potassium muriate; Tripotassium trichloride Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: ClK Formula: KCl Properties: Colorless to wh. crystals or powd., odorless, saline taste at low concs.; sol. in water, glycerin; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in abs. alcohol, ether, acetone; m.w. 74.55; dens. 1.987; m.p. 773 C (sublimes 1500 C); pH 7 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2600 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 660 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 142 mg/kg; poison by ing., IV, and IP routes; mod. toxic by subcut. route; human poison by ing.; eye irritant; human systemic effects by ing. (nausea, blood clotting changes, arrhythmias); mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Explosive reaction with BrF3, sulfuric acid, + potassium permanganate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O and Cl– NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store @ R.T. Uses: Direct food additive; flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, nutrient, dietary supplement, pH control agent, stabilizer, thickener, gellant, salt substitute, yeast food, tissue softener in foods, infant formulas, beer malting Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §150.141, 150.161, 166.110, 184.1622, GRAS, 201.306; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147 (limitation ≤ 3% of 2 molar sol'n.); Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for injectables, parenterals, ophthalmics, orals; Canada DSL; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Agrium http://www.agrium.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com 1796

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Brenntag (UK) Ltd http://www.brenntag.co.uk; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Klinge Chems. http://www.klingechemicals.co.uk; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com Morton Int'l. http://www.morton.com; http://www.rohmhaas.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Reheis http://www.reheis.com/; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Free-Flowing KCl; LoSalt; Reheis Less Salt Blend Trade Names Containing: Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® GP 4265; Gelcarin® PS 3439; Isagel® PF 38 Merecol® LK; SeaGel® XP 3611 Potassium citrate CAS 866-84-2 (anhyd.); 6100-05-6 (monohydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 212-755-5; 231-905-0 (monohydrate) INS332(ii); E332 Synonyms: Citric acid, tripotassium salt; 2Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, tripotassium salt; Potassium citrate tertiary; 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy, tripotassium salt; Tripotassium citrate; Tripotassium citrate monohydrate; Tripotassium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3tricarboxylate Classification: Nonaromatic acid salt Definition: Potassium salt of citric acid Empirical: C6H5O7 • 3K (anhyd.); C6H5K3O7 • H2O (monohydrate) Properties: Colorless or wh. cryst. or powd., odorless, cooling saline taste; sol. in water, glycerol; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 306.41 (anhyd.), 324.42 (monohydrate); dens. 1.98; dec. 230 C; pH 8.5; loses water of cryst. @ 180 C, dec. @ 230 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, dog) 167 mg/kg; poison by IV route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Deliq.; hygroscopic Uses: Food additive; antioxidant, buffer, pH control agent, sequestrant; stabilizer, emulsifier, flavor enhancer, nutrient, potassium source in foods, beverages, soft drinks, meat prods., processed cheese; bodying agent for artificially sweetened beverages; salt substitute in sodium-free diets; catalyst for conversion of sucrose to invert sugar; stabilizer migrating from food pkg.; flavoring agent (Japan) Features: General purpose Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 175.300, 181.29, 184.1625, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Canada DSL; BATF 27CFR §240.1051 1797

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference (limitation 25 lb/1000 gal wine); Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com Helm AG http://www.helmag.com; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/ Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/ Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® SQ 3290; Gelcarin® XP 3337; Gelcarin® XP 3435 Potassium citrate monobasic. See Potassium dihydrogen citrate Potassium citrate tertiary. See Potassium citrate Potassium cyclamate CAS 7758-04-5 INS952 Toxicology: Weak carcinogen in animals Uses: Artificial sweetener prohibited in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§189.135; prohibited in foods; GRAS delisted Potassium diacetate CAS 127-08-2 INS261(ii) Synonyms: Potassium acetate Empirical: KC2H3O2 Properties: Wh., deliquescent, crystalline powd.; odorless; completely sol. in water; sp. gr. 1.57; pH 9.7 Toxicology: May cause mechanical eye irritation; may cause respiratory tract irritation Precaution: Wear safety glasses; use respirator when dust is generated; Avoid strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, amines, nitrogen oxides NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep in a tightly closed container, stored in a cool, dry, ventilated area Uses: Preservative, pH control agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Mallinckrodt Baker 1798

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.mallbaker.com Potassium dihydrogen citrate CAS 866-83-1; EINECS/ELINCS 212-753-4 INS332(i); E332 Synonyms: Citric acid monopotassium salt; Monopotassium citrate; Potassium citrate monobasic; 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monopotassium salt Empirical: C6H7KO7 Properties: Wh. fine cryst.; sol. in water; m.w. 230.22 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, KOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: pH control agent, sequestrant, stabilizer in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate. See Potassium phosphate Potassium diphosphate. See Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate; Potassium phosphate Potassium disulfite. See Potassium metabisulfite Potassium dodecanoate. See Potassium laurate Potassium ethyl 4- oxidobenzoate. See Potassium ethylparaben Potassium ethylparaben CAS 36457-19-9; EINECS/ELINCS 253-048-1 Synonyms: Ethyl-4-hydroxybenzoate potassium salt; Ethylparaben, potassium salt; Potassium ethyl 4- oxidobenzoate Definition: Potassium salt of ethylparaben Empirical: C9H10O3 • K Uses: Preservative, fungicide, bactericide for foods (beers, flavors, fruit juices, fish, pickles, sauces) Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Potassium ferrocyanate. See Potassium ferrocyanide Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Potassium ferrocyanide CAS 13943-58-3; EINECS/ELINCS 237-722-2 INS536 Synonyms: Ferrate (4-), hexacyano-, tetrapotassium; Ferrate (4-), hexakis (cyano-C)-, tetrapotassium; Potassium ferrocyanate; Potassium hexacyanoferrate; Potassium hexacyanoferrate (II); Tetrapotassium ferrocyanide; Tetrapotassium hexacyanoferrate; Tetrapotassium hexacyanoferrate (II); Tetrapotassium hexacyanoferrate (4-); Yellow prussiate of potash Definition: Avail. as the trihydrate Empirical: C6FeK4N6 Formula: K4Fe(CN)6 or K4Fe(CN)6 • 3H2O (trihydrate) Properties: Amber to yel. cryst.; sol. 280 g/l in water (20 C); insol. in alcohol; m.w. 368.37 (anhyd.), 422.4 (trihydrate); dens. 1.85 kg/l (15 C); loses water above 60 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6400 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; experimental teratogen; mutagen; reproductive effector; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Anticaking agent in foods, table salt; heavy metal scavenger for fruit juice, wine Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Filo http://www.filochemical.com/ Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Potassium fumarate CAS 4151-35-3 (anhyd.); 7704-72-5; EINECS/ELINCS 223-979-8 INS366; E366 Synonyms: Dipotassium (E)-but-2-enedioate Definition: Potassium salt of fumaric acid Empirical: C4H2K2O4 Properties: M.w. 192.253 1799

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Dietary supplement, pH control agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.350; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Potassium furcelleran CAS 977089-78-3 Definition: Potassium salt of furcelleran Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.660 Potassium gibberellate CAS 125-67-7 Synonyms: 2,4a,7-Trihydroxy-1-methyl-8methylenegibb-3-ene-1,10-dicarboxylic acid potassium salt Definition: Potassium salt of gibberellic acid Empirical: C19H21KO6 Properties: Wh. to sl. off-wh. cryst. powd., odorless; sol. in water, alcohol, acetone; m.w. 384.47 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes; mutagen Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Deliq. Uses: Food additive; enzyme activator in malting of barley, for prod. of fermented malt beverages or distilled spirits Features: Promotes and controls development of malt in grain Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.725, 2 ppm max. (malted barley), 0.5ppm (finished beverage) Manuf./Distrib.: Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Potassium gluconate. See Potassium Dgluconate Potassium D-gluconate CAS 299-27-4; EINECS/ELINCS 206-074-2 INS577; E577 Synonyms: D-Gluconic acid monopotassium salt; Gluconic acid potassium salt; DGluconic acid potassium salt; Monopotassium D(-)-pentahydroxy capronate; Potassium gluconate; Potassium pentahydroxycaproinate; Potassuril Definition: Potassium salt of D-gluconic acid, anhydrous or monohydrate forms Empirical: C6H11KO7 Formula: HOCH2(CHOH)4COO–K+ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. or ylsh. fine powd., odorless, sl. bitter taste; sol. in water, glycerin; insol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene; m.w. 234.3; m.p. 180 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10,380 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 2664 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 9650 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O Uses: Mineral source, potassium carrier, nutrient, dietary supplement, sequestrant, denuding agent in foods, dry mix beverages and desserts, cake mixes, tripe, dietetic foods Regulatory: USDA 9CFR §318.7; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adept Sol'ns.; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/ Glucona Am.; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Shan Par Ind. http://www.shanpar.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Universal 1800

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Gluconal® K-G Potassium glutamate CAS 19473-49-5 (monohydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 363-737-7 (monohydrate) INS622; E622 Synonyms: L-Glutamic acid, monopotassium salt; Monopotassium glutamate; Monopotassium L-glutamate; MPG; Potassium L-glutamate; Potassium glutaminate; Potassium hydrogen Lglutamate Definition: Avail. commercially as the natural L(+)-enantiomer Empirical: C5H8NO4 • K (anhyd.); C5H8KNO4 • H2O (monohydrate) Formula: KOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH • H2O (monohydrate) Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst. powd., pract. odorless; freely sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 185.24 (anhyd.), 203.24 (monohydrate) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 4500 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; human systemic effects by ing. (headache); TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O and NOx Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavor enhancer, salt substitute in foods, meat Features: Multipurpose Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, 182.1516, GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto USA http://www.ajinomoto-usa.com; http://www.ajichem.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Potassium L-glutamate; Potassium glutaminate. See Potassium glutamate Potassium glycerophosphate CAS 1319-69-3 (anhyd.); 1319-70-6; 1335-34-8; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

EINECS/ELINCS 215-291-1 Synonyms: 1,2,3-Propanetriol, mono (dihydrogen phosphate), dipotassium salt Empirical: C3H7K2O6P (anhyd.); C3H7K2O6P • 3H2O (trihydrate) Properties: Pale yel. syrupy liq.; sol. in water; m.w. 248.27 (anhyd.) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 935 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 286 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §582.5628, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Potassium guanylate; Potassium 5´-guanylate. See Dipotassium 5´-guanylate Potassium hexacyanoferrate; Potassium hexacyanoferrate (II). See Potassium ferrocyanide Potassium 2,4-hexadienoate. See Potassium sorbate Potassium hexanedioate. See Potassium adipate Potassium hydrate. See Potassium hydroxide Potassium hydrogen aspartate. See Potassium aspartate Potassium hydrogen carbonate. See Potassium bicarbonate Potassium hydrogen L-glutamate. See Potassium glutamate Potassium hydrogen malate INS351(i); E351 Uses: pH control agent in foods Potassium hydrogen sulfate. See Potassium bisulfate Potassium hydrogen sulfite. See Potassium bisulfite 1801

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Potassium hydrogen tartrate. See Potassium acid tartrate Potassium hydroxide CAS 1310-58-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-181-3 UN 1813 (DOT); UN 1814 (DOT); INS525; E525 Synonyms: Caustic potash; Lye; Potash lye; Potassa; Potassium hydrate Classification: Inorganic base Empirical: HKO Formula: KOH Properties: Wh. flakes, lumps or pellets; sol. in water, alcohol, glycerol; sl. sol. in ether; m.w. 56.11; dens. 2.044; m.p. 405 C; b.p. 1320 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/CL 2 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 365 mg/kg; toxic by ing., inh.; strong caustic; eye and severe human skin irritant; ing. may cause violent throat pain and stricture of esophagus; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; releases heat in contact with water and acids; corrodes many metals when wet; violent exothermic reactions with water; potentially explosive reactions with chlorine dioxide, nitrobenzene, nitromethane Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O; above 84 C reacts with reducing sugars to form CO NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Highly deliq.; hygroscopic Uses: Direct food additive; formulation aid, pH control agent, alkali, processing aid, stabilizer, thickener, oxidizing agent in foods, baked goods, cocoa, dairy prods., frozen vegetables, ice cream, soft drinks, black olives, poultry; poultry scald agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 172.841, 175.210, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1600, 177.2800, 184.1631, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §381.147; Canada DSL; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for intravenous, parenterals, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; ASHTA http://www.ashtachemicals.com; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Arch Chems. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.archchemicals.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Borden & Remington http://www.boremco.com/; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Hydrite http://www.hydrite.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; K3 http://k3corp.com/ Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp Trade Names Containing: AFC AS 920; AFC OS 460; AFC OWS 550; AFC WOS 550; AFC WS 445 AFC WS 890; AFC WS 4600P; Bacom Potassium α-hydroxypropionate; Potassium-L2-hydroxypropionate. See Potassium lactate Potassium inosinate CAS 20262-26-4 INS632; E632 Synonyms: Dipotassium inosine-5'monophosphate; Potassium 5'-inosinate Empirical: C10H11K2N4O8P Properties: Colorless or wh. crystals, or wh. crystalline powd.; odorless; freely sol. in water; practically insol. in ethanol; m.w. 424.39; 7.08.5 (5% sol'n.) Uses: Flavor enhancer in foods Potassium 5'-inosinate. See Potassium inosinate 1802

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Potassium iodate CAS 7758-05-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-831-9 INS917 Synonyms: Iodic aciodic acid, potassium salt Empirical: IKO3 Formula: KIO3 Properties: Colorless cryst. or wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 214.00; dens. 3.89; m.p. 560 C; slow decomp. on heating Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 136 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, mouse) 531 mg/kg; poison by ing., IP routes; TSCA listed Precaution: Violent reaction with organic matter; explosive reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of I– and K2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 3 Uses: Flour treatment agent, dough strengthener, dough conditioner, maturing agent in foods, breads; feed additive (trace mineral); iodization of table salt Regulatory: BP compliance; FDA 21CFR §136.110, 184.1635, 582.80, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk Trade Names Containing: Arco B; Brewloid®; Fermaloid® Potassium iodide CAS 7681-11-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-659-4 Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Potassium salt of hydriodic acid Empirical: KI Formula: KI Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. granules or powd.; odorless; strong bitter saline taste; sol. in water, alcohol, acetone, glycerol, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 166.02; dens. 3.123; m.p. 723 C; b.p. 1420 C; pH 7-9 Toxicology: LDLo (oral, mouse) 1862 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 167 mg/kg; Iodine salts can cause deformity, illness, and death of a fetus; may cause eye and skin irritation; ing. causes GI irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; inh. may cause respiratory tract irritation; chronic exposure can lead to iodism; TSCA listed Environmental: Moderate potential to affect aquatic organisms Precaution: Explosive reaction with charcoal + ozone; incompat. with oxidants, BrF3, FClO, metallic salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Oxides of potassium, iodine; heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of K2O and I– HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Sl. hygroscopic; moisture- and lightsensitive; store @ R.T. Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, iodine source in foods, table salt Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §100.155, 172.375, 178.1010, 184.1634, 582.80, GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com 1803

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Deepwater Chems. http://www.deepwaterchemicals.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Interchem http://www.interchem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Tomen Am. http://www.tomenamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; West Agro http://www.westagro.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wmblythe.co.uk; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names Containing: Bioblend # 7 Potassium isoascorbate INS317 Uses: Antioxidant for foods Potassium Kurrol's salt. See Potassium metaphosphate Potassium lactate CAS 996-31-6; EINECS/ELINCS 213-631-3; 288752-8 INS326; E326 Synonyms: Lactic acid, monopotassium salt; Monopotassium 2-hydroxypropanoate acid; Potassium α-hydroxypropionate; Potassium-L-2-hydroxypropionate; Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monopotassium salt Definition: Potassium salt of lactic acid Empirical: C3H5KO3 Formula: CH3CHOHCOOK Properties: Wh. solid, odorless; m.w. 128.17 Toxicology: Eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Direct food additive; flavor enhancer, flavoring agent, adjuvant, humectant, pH control agent, antioxidant synergist in foods, confectionery, jams, jellies, marmalades, margarine; antimicrobial in meat and poultry prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1639, GRAS; not authorized for infant formulas; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com Reliable Biopharmaceutical http://www.reliablebiopharm.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; 1804

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Wilke Int'l. http://www.wilkeinternational.com Trade Names: Arlac P®; Galaflow PL 60; Purasal® HiPure P; Purasal® P HiPure 60 Trade Names Containing: Galaflow PSL 60 75/25; Galaflow SPL 60 50/50; Galaflow SPL 60 60/40; Purac® BF S/30; Purasal® LITE 60 S/6 Potassium laurate CAS 10124-65-9; EINECS/ELINCS 233-344-7 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Dodecanoic acid, potassium salt; Potassium dodecanoate Definition: Potassium salt of lauric acid Empirical: C12H23O2 • K Formula: CH3(CH2)10COOK Properties: Lt. tan paste; sol. in water and alcohol; m.w. 238.45 Toxicology: Primary irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Potassium malate INS351(ii); E351 Synonyms: Dipotassium DL-malate; Dipotassium salt of hydroxybutanedioic acid Definition: Potassium salt of malic acid Empirical: C4H4K2O5 Properties: M.w. 210.25 Uses: pH control agent in jams, jelly, and fruit products Manuf./Distrib.: Dr. Paul Lohmann http://www.lohmann4minerals.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com Potassium metabisulfite CAS 4429-42-9; 16731-55-8; EINECS/ELINCS 240-795-3 UN NA 2693 (DOT); INS224; E224 Synonyms: Dipotassium disulfite; Dipotassium pyrosulfite; Disulfurous acid dipotassium salt; KMS; Potassium disulfite; Potassium pyrosulfite Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: K2O5S2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: K2S2O5 Properties: Colorless to wh. gran. or powd., pungent sharp odor; sol. in water, insol. in alcohol; m.w. 222.32; dens. 2.3; m.p. > 300 C; dec. at 150-190 C; oxidizes in air and moisture to sulfate Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat) 35 g/kg; low toxicity; irritant; experimental tumorigen, reproductive effects; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and K2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 2 Storage: Moisture-sensitive; keep dry and well closed Uses: Preservative, antioxidant, sterilizer in foods; fermentation control agent in beer brewing, wine making Features: Not for use in meats, sources of vitamin B1, raw fruits and vegetables, or fresh potatoes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3637, GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; Europe listed; FDA approved for injectables, parenterals, intravenous, otics, rectals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Potassium metaphosphate CAS 7790-53-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-212-6 1805

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Metaphosphoric acid potassium salt; Monopotassium metaphosphate; Potassium Kurrol's salt; Potassium polymetaphosphate Classification: Mineral salt Definition: Straight-chain polyphosphate Empirical: KO3P Formula: KPO3 Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; sol. in dil. sodium salt sol'ns.; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 118.07; dens. 2.45; m.p. 807 C Toxicology: Nuisance dust Storage: Store in cool, dry place; protect against moisture Uses: Binding agent, fat emulsifier, moistureretaining agent, alkaline agent, raising agent in foods; emulsifier for cheese food (Japan); microencapsulation systems Regulatory: FDA approved for orals; USP/NF compliance; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: BK Giulini Chemie http://www.bk-giulini.com/e-index1.htm; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Potassium metasilicate. See Potassium silicate Potassium methoxide CAS 865-33-8; EINECS/ELINCS 212-736-1 Synonyms: Potassium methylate Empirical: CH3KO Properties: Colorless cryst.; m.w. 70.14; dens. 0.95; ref. index 1.37 Toxicology: Corrosive; causes burns; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; reacts violently with water; ignites in moist air Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O Storage: Moisture-sensitive; absorbs CO2 from air; handle and store under nitrogen; keep away from ignition sources Uses: Catalyst for transesterification and isomerization of fats and oils Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Potassium methylate. See Potassium methoxide Potassium N-methyldithiocarbamate CAS 137-41-7 Synonyms: Metham potassium Empirical: C2H4S2 • K Properties: M.w. 131.28 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Antimicrobial in cane-sugar and beetsugar mills Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.320, 175.105, 176.300, 178.3120, 181.30; SARA reportable Manuf./Distrib.: FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/ Potassium 6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazine-4(3H)1,2,2-dioxide. See Acesulfame potassium Potassium monochloride; Potassium muriate. See Potassium chloride Potassium myristate CAS 13429-27-1; EINECS/ELINCS 236-550-5 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Myristic acid, potassium salt; Potassium tetradecanoate; Potassium ntetradecanoate; Tetradecanoic acid, potassium salt Definition: Potassium salt of myristic acid Empirical: C14H28O2 • K Formula: CH3(CH2)12COOK Properties: M.w. 267.47 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3910 Manuf./Distrib.: Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Potassium nitrate CAS 7757-79-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-818-8 UN 1486 (DOT); INS252 Synonyms: Niter; Nitre; Nitric acid, potassium salt; Saltpeter Empirical: KNO3 Properties: Transparent colorless or wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless, cooling pungent salty taste; sol. in glycerin, water; mod. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 101.11; dens. 2.109 (16 C); m.p. 334 C; b.p. dec. @ 400 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3750 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, cat) 100 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; ing. of lg. quantities can cause gastroenteritis; chronic exposure can cause anemia, nephritis; can reduce blood oxygen levels; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; can produce nitrosamines linked to cancer; TSCA listed Precaution: Oxidizer; explosive and violent reactions possible; when heated, reaction with calcium hydroxide + polychlorinated 1806

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference phenols forms highly toxic chlorinated benzodioxins Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes NOx, K2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 3 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Color fixing agent, antimicrobial, preservative for foods; nitrite source in cured meats and poultry; curing agent for cod roe processing (200 ppm max. of finished roe) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.160, 181.33, 181.34; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Japan approved with limitations; Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Am. Biorganics; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; BassTech Int'l. http://www.basstechintl.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; CoKEM Assoc.; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Haco Ltd http://www.haco.ch; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whiting-chemicals.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Xiamen Topusing http://www.topusing.com Potassium nitrite CAS 7758-09-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-832-4 UN 1488 (DOT); INS249 Synonyms: Nitrous acid potassium salt; Potassium nitrite (1:1) Empirical: NO2 • K Formula: KNO2 Properties: Wh. or sl. ylsh. prisms or sticks; very sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 85.11; dens. 1.915; m.p. 387 C; b.p. dec. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 200 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse, 2 h) 85 g/m3; poison by ing.; human systemic effects (tinnitus, pulse rate inc., blood pressure decrease); experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; linked to increased incidence of cancer; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; powerful oxidizer; sl. explosion hazard exposed to heat or when shocked or in contact with organic materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: On decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O Storage: Deliq. Uses: Color fixing agent, antimicrobial, preservative in the curing of red meats, bacon, and poultry prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §181.33, 181.34; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Potassium nitrite (1:1). See Potassium nitrite Potassium octadecanoate. See Potassium stearate Potassium 9-octadecenoate; Potassium cis-9octadecenoic acid. See Potassium oleate Potassium octanoate; Potassium n-octanoate. See Potassium caprylate 1807

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Potassium oleate CAS 143-18-0; EINECS/ELINCS 205-590-5 INS470; E470a Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, potassium salt; 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, potassium salt; Oleic acid potassium salt; Potassium 9-octadecenoate; Potassium cis-9octadecenoic acid Definition: Potassium salt of oleic acid Empirical: C18H33O2 • K Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOK Properties: Ylsh., gray-tan, or brownish paste; sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 320.56; HLB 20.0; anionic Toxicology: Eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O Uses: Anticaking agent, binder, emulsifier; stabilizer in foods; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.29; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Concord http://www.concordchemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Original Bradford Soap Works http://www.bradfordsoap.com; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Trade Names: Nofable BO-90K; Nofable BO99K Potassium orthophosphate. See Potassium phosphate tribasic; Potassium phosphate Potassium palmitate CAS 2624-31-9; EINECS/ELINCS 220-088-6 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Hexadecanoic acid, potassium salt Definition: Potassium salt of palmitic acid Empirical: C16H31O2 • K Formula: CH3(CH2)14COOK Properties: M.w. 294.52 Toxicology: Primary irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3910; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Riedel-deHaën http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Fluka ___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Riedel. html; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Potassium pectinate CAS 65028-59-3 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§184.1588, GRAS Potassium pentahydroxycaproinate. See Potassium D-gluconate Potassium permanganate CAS 7722-64-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-760-3 UN 1490 (DOT) Synonyms: Chameleon mineral; CI 77755; Condy's crystals; Permanganate of potash; Permanganic acid, potassium salt; Purple salt Classification: Inorganic manganese compd. Empirical: KMnO4 Properties: Purple to gray cryst. with blue metallic sheen; odorless; sweetish astringent taste; sol. in water, sulfuric acid, acetic anhydride, benzonitrile; very sol. in methanol and acetone; m.w. 158.04; dens. 2.70 (15 C); m.p. dec. 240 C (releasing oxygen) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1090 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 500 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rabbit) 70 mg/kg; poison by ing. and IV routes; mod. toxic by subcut. route; human poison by ing.; human systemic effects by ing. (dyspnea, nausea, GI upset); conc. sol'ns. are highly corrosive to human tissue; repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis; dil. sol'ns. are mildly irritating; experimental reproductive effector; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Strong oxidizer; corrosive material; flamm. by chem. reaction; dangerous explosion hazard in contact with org. or readily oxidized materials; incompat. with numerous materials; violent reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 3 1808

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Prep. of modified food starch Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 175.105, 178.1010; SARA reportable; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; ChemSupply http://www.chemsupply.com.au; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wmblythe.co.uk Potassium peroxodisulfate; Potassium peroxydisulfate. See Potassium persulfate Potassium persulfate CAS 7727-21-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-781-8 UN 1492 (DOT); INS922 Synonyms: Dipotassium persulfate; Peroxydisulfuric acid dipotassium salt; Potassium peroxodisulfate; Potassium peroxydisulfate Empirical: K2O8S2 Formula: K2S2O8 Properties: Colorless or wh. cryst., odorless; sol. in 50 parts water with gradual decomp.; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 270.33; dens. 2.477; m.p. 100 C (dec.) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg(S2O8)/m3; mod. toxic; irritant; allergen; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Powerful oxidizer; flamm. when exposed to heat or by chemical reaction; reactive with reducing materials; liberates oxygen above 100 C (dry), 50 C (sol'n.) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of SOx and K2O Storage: Keep well closed in cool place Uses: Defoamer, dispersant adjuvant in foods; flour maturing agent; coatings on fresh citrus fruits; poultry scald agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 175.105, 175.210, 176.170, 177.1210, 177.2600; USDA 9CFR §381.147; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Chem-Supply http://www.chemsupply.com.au; DuPont http://www.dupont.com FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Primachem; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Potassium phosphate CAS 7778-77-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-913-4 INS340(i) Synonyms: MKP; Monopotassium orthophosphate; Monopotassium phosphate; Phosphoric acid monopotassium salt; Potassium acid phosphate; Potassium biphosphate; Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Potassium diphosphate; Potassium orthophosphate; Potassium phosphate monobasic; Potassium phosphate primary Classification: Inorganic salt 1809

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: H2KO4P Formula: H2O4P • K Properties: Colorless cryst. or wh. cryst. powd., odorless; acid in reaction; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 136.09; dens. 2.338; m.p. 253 C; pH 4.5 (1%); stable in air; anionic Toxicology: No known toxicity; nuisance dust Precaution: Corrosive HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store @ R.T. Uses: Buffer, pH control agent, sequestrant, emulsifier, texturizer, stabilizer, water retention agent, antioxidant in foods, cheese and meat processing, baking powds., prod. of caramel; yeast food; cooked out juices retention aid; nutrient in antibiotic and yeast prod. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 160.110, 175.105; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for injectables, parenterals, intravenous, ophthalmics, orals, otics; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs. Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xiamen Topusing http://www.topusing.com Trade Names Containing: EN PHOS 50 Potassium phosphate dibasic CAS 7758-11-4 (anhyd.); 16788-57-1 (trihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 231-834-5 INS340(ii) Synonyms: Dibasic potassium phosphate; Dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate; Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate; Dipotassium monophosphate; Dipotassium orthophosphate; Dipotassium phosphate; DKP; Phosphoric acid dipotassium salt Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: HK2O4P Formula: K2HPO4 Properties: Colorless or wh. cryst. or powd.; odorless; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 174.18 (anhyd.), 228.23 (trihydrate); pH 8.59.6 (5%) Toxicology: No known toxicity; nuisance dust Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Phosphorous oxides may be released in fire HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Deliq., hygroscopic; store @ R.T. Uses: Buffer, pH control agent, sequestrant, raising agent, yeast food, emulsifier, texturizer, stabilizer, water retention agent, flavoring agent, humectant in foods; cooked out juices retention aid; emulsifier in nondairy creamers Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 175.105, 182.6285, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; FDA approved for intramuscular injectables, orals; Canada 1810

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference DSL; Europe listed; UK approved; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs. Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: EN PHOS 50 Potassium phosphate monobasic; Potassium phosphate primary. See Potassium phosphate Potassium phosphate tribasic CAS 7778-53-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-907-1 INS340(iii); E340 Synonyms: Phosphoric acid, tripotassium salt; Potassium orthophosphate; TKP; Tripotassium orthophosphate; Tripotassium phosphate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: K3O4P Formula: K3PO4 Properties: Wh. gran. powd.; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 212.28; dens. 2.564 (17 C, anhyd.); m.p. 1340 C (anhyd.) Toxicology: LD (skin, rabbit) > 300 mg/kg; nuisance dust; TSCA listed Precaution: Corrosive Storage: Hygroscopic, deliq. Uses: Emulsifier, buffer, pH control agent, sequestrant, texturizer, stabilizer, water retention agent, antioxidant synergist in foods; prod. of caramel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 175.105, 176.170, 176.180; GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Potassium polymannuronate. See Potassium alginate Potassium polymetaphosphate. See Potassium metaphosphate Potassium polyphosphate CAS 16068-46-5 INS452(ii) Empirical: (Kn+2PnO3n+1)n Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, pH control agent, raising agent, sequestrant, water retention 1811

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs. Potassium polysilicate. See Potassium silicate Potassium propionate CAS 327-62-8; EINECS/ELINCS 206-323-5 INS283; E283 Synonyms: Propanoic acid, potassium salt Definition: Potassium salt of propionic acid Empirical: C3H5O2 • K Formula: CH3CH2COOK Properties: Wh. or colorless crystals; freely sol. in water, sol. in ethanol; m.w. 112.16; pH 7.510.5 Uses: Preservative and antimold agent for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.1210; Australia approved food additive Manuf./Distrib.: ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Potassium propyl 4-oxidobenzoate. See Potassium propylparaben Potassium propylparaben CAS 84930-16-5; EINECS/ELINCS 284-597-5 Synonyms: Potassium propyl 4oxidobenzoate; n-Propyl-4hydroxybenzoate potassium salt; Propylparaben, potassium salt Definition: Potassium salt of propylparaben Empirical: C10H12O3 • K Uses: Preservative, fungicide, bactericide for foods Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Potassium pyrophosphate; Potassium pyrophosphate, normal. See Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate Potassium pyrosulfite. See Potassium metabisulfite Potassium saccharin CAS 10332-51-1 INS954 Synonyms: 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one 1,1dioxide, potassium salt; 1,2-Benzisothiazol3(2H)-one, 1,1-dioxide, potassium salt; Potassium o-benzosulfimide; Saccharin, potassium salt Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C7H4KNO3S or C7H4KNO3S • H2O Properties: Wh. cryst. or wh. cryst. powd.; odorless or faint, aromatic odor; freely sol. in water; sparingly sol. in ethanol; m.w. 221.26, 239.77 (monohydrate) Uses: Sweetener for foods Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Potassium salt of vitamin C. See Potassium ascorbate Potassium silicate CAS 1312-76-1; EINECS/ELINCS 215-199-1 INS560 Synonyms: Potassium metasilicate; Potassium polysilicate; Silicic acid, potassium salt Definition: Potassium salt of silicic acid Formula: K2O • nSiO2, n = 2.25-3.90 Properties: Colorless anhyd. lump; sol. in water @ high temp. and pressure; insol. in alcohol Uses: Anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com PQ http://www.pqcorp.com; U.S. Synthetics; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holme-clark.com; Zaclon http://www.zaclon.com Potassium sodium copper chlorophyllin. See Chlorophyllin-copper complex Potassium sodium tartrate CAS 304-59-6; EINECS/ELINCS 206-156-8 INS337 Synonyms: 2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid, monopotassium monosodium salt; Monopotassium monosodium tartrate; Potassium sodium L-(+)-tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate anhydrous; Rochelle salt; Seignette salt; Sodium potassium tartrate Classification: Organic salt Definition: Sodium potassium salt of L-tartaric acid; avail. as the tetrahydrate Empirical: C4H4KNaO6 Formula: KNaC4H4O6 Properties: Colorless cryst. or wh. cryst. powd., cooling saline taste; freely sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol; m.w. 210.16 1812

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: TSCA listed HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Food additive; emulsifier, buffer, pH control agent, sequestrant, stabilizer, antioxidant synergist in foods, cheeses, jams, jellies, baking powder Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 184.1804; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Potassium sodium L-(+)-tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate anhydrous. See Potassium sodium tartrate Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate CAS 6100-16-9; 6381-59-5; EINECS/ELINCS 205-698-2; 206-156-8 INS337 Synonyms: Monopotassium monosodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Rochelle salt; Seignette salt; Sodium potassium tartrate Empirical: C4H4KNaO6 • 4H2O Formula: KOCOCH(OH)CH(OH)COONa • 4H2O Properties: Colorless cryst. or wh. cryst. powd., cooling saline taste; sol. in 0.9 part water; almost insol. in alcohol; m.w. 282.23; dens. 1.79; m.p. 70-80 C; loses 3 H2O @ 100 C, becomes anhyd. @ 130-140 C, dec. @ 220 C; pH 7-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Incompat. with acids, calcium or lead salts, magnesium sulfate, silver nitrate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; buffer, emulsifier, pH control agent, sequestrant, stabilizer in foods, cheeses, jams, jellies, baking powders Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1804, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Potassium sorbate CAS 590-00-1; 24634-61-5; EINECS/ELINCS 246-376-1 FEMA 2921; INS202; E202 Synonyms: 2,4-Hexadienoic acid potassium salt; Potassium 2,4-hexadienoate; Potassium (E,E)-sorbate; Sorbic acid potassium salt Classification: Organic salt Definition: Commercial prod. is the trans,transisomer Empirical: C6H7O2 • K Formula: CH3CH=CHCH=CHCOOK Properties: Wh. cryst., powd., or pellets, char. odor; sol. 58.2% in water @ 20 C, 6.5% in alcohol @ 20 C; m.w. 150.23; dens. 1.363 (25/20 C); m.p. 270 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4920 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1300 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Mold inhibitor, yeast inhibitor, bactericide, antimicrobial, preservative in foods, baked goods, beverages, cakes, cheese, fish, fruit juice, margarine, pickled goods, salad dressings, fresh salad, wine, animal feeds; migrating to foods from 1813

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.118, 133.123, 133.124, 133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 133.187, 133.188, 150.141, 150.161, 166.110, 182.90, 182.3640, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; Canada DSL; FEMA GRAS, CIR approved; Japan approved with limitations; JSCI approved 0.5% max.; Europe listed 0.8% max.; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; AMC Chems. AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast Brenntag Specialties; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chem-Supply http://www.chemsupply.com.au Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemcolloids Ltd http://www.chemcolloids.com; Chisso Am.; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com Daicel Chem. Ind. http://www.daicel.co.jp; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; Fallek; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fitltd.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Helm AG http://www.helmag.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; HoffmannLaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whiting-chemicals.co.uk; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/ Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Ueno Fine Chems. Ind. http://www.uenofc.co.jp/e_chem01.html; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Nutrinova® Potassium Sorbate Granules; Vinsorb® Trade Names Containing: 21110 Ovalett NNC; 1814

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 21118 Ovalett Special; FloAm® 221; JustFiber® 20PS; Myvatex® 40-06S Sorbex Potassium (E,E)-sorbate. See Potassium sorbate Potassium stearate CAS 593-29-3; EINECS/ELINCS 209-786-1 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Octadecanoic acid, potassium salt; Potassium octadecanoate; Stearic acid, potassium salt Classification: Sat. aliphatic carboxylic acid salt Definition: Potassium salt of stearic acid Empirical: C18H35KO2 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOK Properties: Wh. powd., sl. fatty odor; readily sol. in hot water producing alkaline sol'ns.; sol. in diethyl ether, ethanol, chloroform, carbon disulfide; slowly sol. in cold water; m.w. 322.63 Toxicology: Essentially nontoxic; inh. of high concs. of dust may cause coughing, mild temporary irritation; sl. eye irritant; ing. may cause irritation, nausea, diarrhea; TSCA listed Precaution: Probable combustible dust; may form explosive dust-air mixts.; incompat. with acids (reacts vigorously) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool area away from ignition sources Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum; anticaking agent, binder, emulsifier, stabilizer in foods; in defoamers for beet sugar and yeast processing; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 172.863, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3910, 179.45, 181.22, 181.29; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Brenntag Specialties; Integra Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norac http://www.norac.com/; Original Bradford Soap Works http://www.bradfordsoap.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Trade Names Containing: Aldo® MSD KFG Potassium sulfate CAS 7778-80-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-915-5 INS515(i); E515 Synonyms: Potassium sulfate (2:1); Sulfate of potash; Sulfuric acid, dipotassium salt Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: K2O4S Formula: K2SO4 Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. or cryst. powd.; odorless; bitter saline taste; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, acetone; m.w. 174.26; dens. 2.66; m.p. 1067 C; b.p. 1689 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by subcut. route; mod. toxic to humans by ing.; ing. of large doses causes severe GI effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O and SOx Uses: Food additive; flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods; water corrective; salt substitute for dietetic use; prod. of caramel Features: General purpose Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §73.85, 184.1643, GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Chem-Supply http://www.chemsupply.com.au Chisso http://www.chisso.co.jp/english/; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com 1815

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Great Salt Lake Mins. http://www.gslminerals.com/; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Hummel Croton http://www.hummelcroton.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Xiamen Topusing http://www.topusing.com See also Potassium bisulfate Potassium sulfate (2:1). See Potassium sulfate Potassium sulfite CAS 10117-38-1; EINECS/ELINCS 233-321-1 INS225 Synonyms: Sulfurous acid dipotassium salt; Sulfurous acid potassium salt Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: O3S • 2K Formula: K2SO3 Properties: Wh. cryst. or gran. powd., odorless; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 158.26 Toxicology: Harmful and irritating substance; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of K2O and SOx Uses: Preservative, antioxidant in foods, wine; prod. of caramel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk Potassium tartrate. See Potassium acid tartrate Potassium tetradecanoate; Potassium ntetradecanoate. See Potassium myristate Potassium triphosphate. See Potassium tripolyphosphate Potassium tripolyphosphate CAS 13845-36-8; EINECS/ELINCS 237-574-9 INS451(ii) Synonyms: KTPP; Pentapotassium triphosphate (INCI); Pentapotassium tripolyphosphate; Potassium triphosphate; Triphosphoric acid pentapotassium salt Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: K5O10P3 Formula: K5P3O10 Properties: Wh. cryst. solid; sol. in water; m.w. 448.42; dens. 2.54 kg/l; m.p. 620-640 C Toxicology: Nuisance dust; irritant; TSCA listed Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Emulsifier, suspending agent, texturizer, buffer, pH control agent, sequestrant, stabilizer in foods, chewing gum, meat and poultry prods.; water-binder in meats; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 182.1810, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (with limitation), 381.147 (limitation 0.5% of total poultry prod.); Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Lidochem http://www.lidochem.com Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; S & G Resources http://www.sandgresources.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com 1816

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Potassuril. See Potassium D-gluconate Potato dextrin CAS 9004-53-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-675-4 Formula: (C6H12O6)x Properties: Yel. powd.; sl. sol. in water Toxicology: May cause eye and skin irritation Precaution: Keep away from strong oxidizers HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store in tightly closed container in cool, dry place Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Trade Names Containing: PenCrisp® 905 Potato extract; Potato pulp extract. See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) extract Potato (Solanum tuberosum) extract CAS 90083-08-2; EINECS/ELINCS 290-202-7 Synonyms: Potato extract; Potato pulp extract; Solanum tuberosum Definition: Extract of the pulp of the potato, Solanum tuberosum Uses: Food ingred. Trade Names: NP-3 Trade Names Containing: NP-5 Potato (Solanum tuberosum) flour Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch CAS 9005-25-8; 169105-05-9; 977000-07-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Synonyms: Solanum tuberosum Definition: Natural substance obtained from potatoes, Solanum tuberosum, contg. amylose and amylopectin Empirical: (C6H10O5)n Properties: Irreg. ovoid or spherical gran.; swells in hot water to form a gel on cooling Toxicology: May cause allergic reactions and stuffy nose in hypersensitive persons; TSCA listed Uses: Migrating to foods from cotton in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 178.3520, 182.70; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Avebe http://www.avebe.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Chemstar Prods. http://www.chemstar.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Havero Hoogwegt BV http://www.havero.nl Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Lance Prods. http://www.lanceproducts.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Trade Names: Novation® 1600; Novation® 1900; Novation® 6600; PenCook® 10; PenPlus® UM PenPlus® UX Trade Names Containing: Natural Flavor White Sour; Nutricol® ME 7421; Nutricol® ME 9420; Nutricol® XP 3413; PenPlus® MG Sour Dough Base Potato starch. See Starch Pot marigold. See Calendula officinalis Poval. See Polyvinyl alcohol Povidone. See PVP Powdered cellulose. See Cellulose Powdered skim milk. See Nonfat dry milk PPG. See Polypropylene glycol PPG-15 CAS 25322-69-4 (generic) Synonyms: POP (15) Definition: Polymer or propylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CHCH3)nOH, avg. n = 15 Uses: Boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210 PPG-20 CAS 25322-69-4 (generic) Synonyms: Polyoxypropylene (20); Polypropylene glycol (20); Polypropylene glycol 1200; PPG 1200 Definition: Polymer of propylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CHCH3)nOH, avg. n = 20 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 113 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 10 g/kg; LDLo (IV, dog) 20 mg/kg; poison by IV and IP routes; irritating to skin and eyes; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Boiler water additive (food contact); 1817

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference defoamer for beet sugar and yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 178.3740 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names: Polyglycol P1200 PPG-26 CAS 25322-69-4 (generic) Synonyms: Polyoxypropylene (26); Polypropylene glycol (26); PPG 2000 Definition: Polymer of propylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CHCH3)nOH, avg. n = 26 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Boiler water additive (food contact); defoamer for beet sugar and yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 178.3740 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names: Polyglycol P2000 PPG-30 CAS 25322-69-4 (generic) Synonyms: Polyoxypropylene (30); Polypropylene glycol (30); PPG 4000 Definition: Polymer of propylene oxide Formula: H(OCH2CHCH3)nOH, avg. n = 30 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 176.170, 176.200, 178.3740 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names: Polyglycol P4000 PPG 1200. See PPG-20 PPG 2000. See PPG-26 PPG 4000. See PPG-30 PPG-5-buteth-7 CAS 9038-95-3 (generic); 9065-63-8 (generic); 74623-31-7 (generic) Synonyms: POE (7) POP (5) monobutyl ether; POP (5) POE (6) monobutyl ether Definition: Polyoxypropylene, polyoxyethylene ether of butyl alcohol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C33H68O13 Formula: C4H9(OCH3CHCH2)x(OCH2CH2)yOH, avg. x = 5, avg. y = 7 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5370 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Defoamer in foods; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3570 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium PPG-12-buteth-16 CAS 9038-95-3 (generic); 9065-63-8 (generic); 74623-31-7 (generic) Synonyms: POE (16) POP (12) monobutyl ether; POP (12) POE (16) monobutyl ether Definition: Polyoxypropylene, polyoxyethylene ether of butyl alcohol Empirical: (C7H14O2 • C6H12O2)x Formula: C4H9(OCH3CHCH2)x(OCH2CH2)yOH, avg. x = 12, avg. y = 16 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 18 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Defoamer for food processing; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3570 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Ucon® 50-HB-660 PPG-20-buteth-30 CAS 9038-95-3 (generic); 9065-63-8 (generic); 74623-31-7 (generic) Synonyms: POE (30) POP (20) monobutyl ether; POP (20) POE (30) monobutyl ether Definition: Polyoxypropylene, polyoxyethylene ether of butyl alcohol Empirical: (C7H14O2 • C6H12O2)x Formula: C4H9(OCH3CHCH2)x(OCH2CH2)yOH, avg. x = 20, avg. y = 30 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 21 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Defoamer for food processing; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 1818

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 176.210, 178.3570 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Ucon® 50-HB-2000 PPG-28-buteth-35 CAS 9038-95-3 (generic); 9065-63-8 (generic) Synonyms: POE (35) POP (28) monobutyl ether; POP (28) POE (35) monobutyl ether Definition: Polyoxypropylene, polyoxyethylene ether of butyl alcohol Empirical: (C7H14O2 • C6H12O2)x Formula: C4H9(OCH3CHCH2)x(OCH2CH2)yOH, avg. x = 28, avg. y = 35 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 38 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Defoamer for food processing; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3570 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Ucon® 50-HB-3520 PPG-33-buteth-45 CAS 9038-95-3 (generic); 9065-63-8 (generic); 74623-31-7 (generic) Synonyms: POE (45) POP (33) monobutyl ether; POP (33) POE (45) monobutyl ether Definition: Polyoxypropylene, polyoxyethylene ether of butyl alcohol Empirical: (C7H14O2 • C6H12O2)x Formula: C4H9(OCH3CHCH2)x(OCH2CH2)yOH, avg. x = 33, avg. y = 45 Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 49 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Defoamer for food processing; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 176.210, 178.3570 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Pluracol® W5100N; Ucon® 50HB-5100 PPG-33 butyl ether CAS 9003-13-8 (generic) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: POP (33) butyl ether; PPG (33) butyl ether Definition: Polypropylene glycol ether of butyl alcohol Formula: C4H9(OCH3CHCH2)nOH, avg. n = 33 Properties: Liq.; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 9160 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ingestion and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110, 172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1210, 177.1350, 178.3570 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com PPG (33) butyl ether. See PPG-33 butyl ether PPG-2 methyl ether CAS 13429-07-7; 20324-32-7 (α-isomer); 3459094-8 (mixt.); EINECS/ELINCS 236-547-9; 252104-2 Synonyms: 1,4-Dimethyl-3,6-dioxa-1-heptanol; Dipropylene glycol methyl ether; Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether; DPGME; DPM; DPMG; Methoxy dipropylene glycol; 1-(2-Methoxyisopropoxy)-2propanol; 1-(2-Methoxy-1-methylethoxy)-2propanol; (2-Methoxymethylethoxy) propanol; Methoxypropoxypropanol; POP (2) methyl ether; 2-Propanol, 1-(2-methoxy1-methylethoxy)Classification: Aliphatic ether alcohol; glycol ether Definition: Polypropylene glycol ether of methyl alcohol Empirical: C7H16O3 Formula: CH3(OCHCH3CH2)nOH, avg. n = 2 Properties: Colorless clear liq.; mild ethereal sweet odor; sol. in water, acetone, ethanol, benzene, CCl4, ether, methanol, monochlorobenzene, petrol, ether, VM&P naphtha; misc. with most org. solvs.; m.w. 148.23; dens. 0.951; vapor pressure 0.55 mm Hg; f.p. -83 C; b.p. 190 C; flash pt. (CC) 86 C; ref. index 1.4205; surf. tens. 28.8 dynes/cm Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 100 ppm (skin); STEL 150 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 5660 mg/kg, (skin, rat) 9500 mg/kg; mildly toxic 1819

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference by ing. and skin contact; skin and eye irritant; human eye irritant; causes tears; mild allergen; may cause nose/throat irritation, weakness, exhaustion, dizziness, headache; target organs: eyes, respiratory system, CNS; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 1.19 Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; LEL 1.1% (392 F); UEL 3%; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke, irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight Uses: Food-contact applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.300, 181.22, 181.30; SARA §311/312 fire hazard, §313 reportable; HAP Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Oxiteno http://www.oxiteno.com.br/in/index.htm; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Trade Names Containing: Slip-Ayd® SL 506 1Ppropene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters Precipitated calcium carbonate. See Calcium carbonate Precipitated calcium phosphate. See Calcium hydroxide phosphate; Calcium phosphate tribasic Precipitated calcium sulfate. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Precipitated chalk. See Calcium carbonate Precipitated silica. See Silica, hydrated; Silica, amorphous Pregelatinized starch. See Starch Prenol; Prenyl alcohol. See 3-Methyl-2-buten-1ol Prenyl isobutyrate CAS 76649-23-5; EINECS/ELINCS 278-516-2 FEMA 4206 Synonyms: Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3methyl-2-butenyl ester; Vertenol isobutyrate Empirical: C9H16O2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity buttery odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 156.22; sp.gr. 0.887-0.896; b.p. 78 C (15 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 63 C; ref. index 1.427-1.434 (20 C) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area away from naked flame, ignition sources Uses: Flavoring agent in food Features: Used in strawberry, raspberry for light fruitiness Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; AICS, NDSL, ECL, EINECS, ENCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Prepared chalk. See Calcium carbonate Primary active amyl alcohol. See 2-Methyl-1butanol Primary ammonium phosphate. See Ammonium phosphate Primary amyl acetate. See Amyl acetate Primary amyl alcohol. See n-Amyl alcohol Primary decyl alcohol. See Decyl alcohol Primary isoamyl alcohol. See Isoamyl alcohol Primary magnesium phosphate. See Magnesium phosphate monobasic Primary octyl alcohol. See Caprylic alcohol Primary sodium phosphate. See Sodium phosphate Prince's feather; Prince's plume. See Amaranthus cruentus Pro. See L-Proline Processed Euchema seaweed INS407a; E407a Synonyms: PES Uses: Thickener, stabilizer in foods Trade Names Containing: Isagel® RGS 40 Proline (INCI). See L-Proline L-Proline CAS 147-85-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-702-2 FEMA 3319 Synonyms: Pro; Proline (INCI); 2-Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid; Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid Classification: Amino acid 1820

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Avail. commercially as the L(-)enantiomer Empirical: C5H9NO2 Formula: (CH2)3NHCHCOOH Properties: Colorless or wh. cryst. or cryst. powd.; sol. in alcohol, water; insol. in ether; m.w. 115.13; m.p. 220-222 C with dec. Toxicology: Nonirritating; mutagen; TSCA listed Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320 (4.2% max.); FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Am. Biorganics; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com Bachem http://bachem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nippon Rikagakuyakuhin http://www.nipponrika.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com L-Proline, 4-hydroxy-. See L-Hydroxyproline Propanal. See Propionaldehyde Propanal, 3-(methylthio)-. See 3Methylthiopropionaldehyde 1-Propanaminium, 2-(acetyloxy)-3-carboxyN,N,N-trimethyl-chloride, (R)- (9CI). See Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride 1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,Ntrimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt. See LCarnitine Propane CAS 74-98-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-827-9 UN 1075 (DOT); UN 1978 (DOT); INS944; E944 Synonyms: Dimethylmethane; Liquefied petroleum gas; Petroleum gases, liquefied; n-Propane; Propane liquefied; Propyl hydride Classification: Sat. aliphatic hydrocarbon Empirical: C3H8 Formula: CH3CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless gas, nat. gas odor; easily liquefied under pressure at R.T.; noncorrosive; sol. in ether, alcohol, chloroform, org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water, acetone; m.w. 44.09; sp.gr. 0.513 (0 C, as liq.), 1.56 (0 C, as vapor); f.p. 189.9 C; b.p. -42.5 C; flash pt. -104 C Toxicology: OSHA PEL/TWA 1000 ppm; simple asphyxiant; narcotic in high concs.; overexposure may cause dizziness, disorientation, excitation; liq. propane may cause frostbite to skin and eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame; explosive limits in air 2.4-9.5%; vigorously reactive with oxidizers; explosive as vapor exposed to heat or flame; explosive with ClO2; violent exothermic reaction with barium peroxide, heat Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 4, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight Uses: Direct food additive; propellant, aerating agent, gas for foamed and sprayed food prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.350, 184.1655, GRAS; FDA approved for topicals; USP/NF 1821

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aeropres http://www.aeropres.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BOC Gases http://www.boc.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz n-Propane. See Propane 1-Propanecarboxylic acid. See n-Butyric acid Propane dioic acid butyl ethyl ester. See Butyl ethyl malonate Propanedioic acid diethyl ester. See Diethyl malonate 1,2-Propanediol; Propane-1,2-diol. See Propylene glycol Propane-1,2-diol alginate. See Propylene glycol alginate 1.2-Propanediol dibenzoate. See Propylene glycol dibenzoate Propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids. See Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids 1,2-Propanediol monododecanoate. See Propylene glycol laurate 1,2-Propanediol monostearate. See Propylene glycol stearate Propanedione. See Pyruvaldehyde 1,2-Propanedione, 1-phenyl-. See 1-Phenyl-1,2propanedione Propane-1,2-diyl dibenzoate. See Propylene glycol dibenzoate Propane, 1,2-epoxy-. See Propylene oxide Propane liquefied. See Propane Propane, 2-nitro-. See 2-Nitropropane 1-Propanethiol; Propane-1-thiol. See Propyl mercaptan 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-(acetyloxy)-, tributyl ester. See Acetyl tributyl citrate Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ammonium salt. See Ammonium citrate 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, diammonium salt. See Ammonium citrate dibasic 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

monooctadecanoate. See Glyceryl stearate citrate 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, magnesium salt. See Magnesium citrate 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monopotassium salt. See Potassium dihydrogen citrate 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt. See Sodium citrate 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, octadecyl ester. See Stearyl citrate 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trioctadecyl ester. See Tristearyl citrate 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy, tripotassium salt. See Potassium citrate 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, zinc salt (2:3). See Zinc citrate 1,2,3-Propanetriol; Propane-1,2,3-triol. See Glycerin 1,2,3-Propanetriol, homopolymer, hexaoleate. See Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate 1,2,3-Propanetriol, homopolymer, monooctadecanoate. See Polyglyceryl-4 stearate 1,2,3-Propanetriol, homopolymer, (Z)-9octadecenoate. See Polyglyceryl-8 oleate; Polyglyceryl-6 oleate 1,2,3-Propanetriol, mono (dihydrogen phosphate), calcium salt (1:1). See Calcium glycerophosphate 1,2,3-Propanetriol, mono (dihydrogen phosphate), dipotassium salt. See Potassium glycerophosphate 1,2,3-Propanetriol octadecanoate. See Glyceryl stearate 1,2,3-Propanetriol triacetate. See Triacetin 1,2,3-Propanetriol tribenzoate. See Glyceryl tribenzoate 1,2,3-Propanetriol tridocosanoate. See Tribehenin 1,2,3-Propanetriol tridodecanoate. See Trilaurin 1,2,3-Propanetriol trioctadecanoate. See Tristearin 1,2,3-Propanetriol trioctanoate. See Trioctanoin 1,2,3-Propanetriol tritetradecanoate. See Trimyristin 1,2,3-Propanetriyl tri-((E)-9-octadecenoate). See Triolein Propane-1, 2, 3- triyl trisheptanoate. See Glyceryl triheptanoate Propanoic acid. See Propionic acid Propanoic acid anhydride. See Propionic 1822

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference anhydride Propanoic acid butyl ester. See n-Butyl propionate Propanoic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium propionate Propanoic acid cyclohexyl ester. See Cyclohexyl propionate Propanoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl pivalate Propanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl propionate Propanoic acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl propionate Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-. See Lactic acid Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ammonium salt. See Ammonium lactate Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, butyl ester. See Butyl lactate Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, calcium salt. See Calcium lactate Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, (S)-. See Ethyl-(S)-lactate Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monopotassium salt. See Potassium lactate Propanoic acid, 2-mercapto-. See 2Mercaptopropionic acid Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6octadienyl ester, (Z)-. See Neryl isobutyrate Propanoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl propionate Propanoic acid 1-methyl ethyl ester. See Isopropyl propionate Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3-hexenyl ester, (Z)-. See 3-Hexenyl isobutyrate Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, hexyl ester. See Hexyl isobutyrate Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3-methyl-2-butenyl ester. See Prenyl isobutyrate Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 1-methyl-1-(4-methyl3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl ester. See Terpinyl isobutyrate Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-phenoxyethyl ester. See Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate Propanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester. See Isobutyl propionate Propanoic acid octyl ester. See Octyl propionate Propanoic acid, 2-oxo-. See Pyruvic acid Propanoic acid, 2-oxo-, sodium salt. See Sodium pyruvate Propanoic acid, pentyl ester. See Amyl propionate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Propanoic acid-2-phenylethyl ester. See Phenethyl propionate Propanoic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium propionate Propanoic acid, propyl ester. See Propyl propionate Propanoic acid sodium salt. See Sodium propionate Propanoic acid, 3,3´-thiobis-, dioctadecyl ester. See Distearyl thiodipropionate Propanoic anhydride. See Propionic anhydride 1-Propanol; Propanol-1; Propan-1-ol. See Propyl alcohol 2-Propanol; Propan-2-ol. See Isopropyl alcohol n-Propanol. See Propyl alcohol 1-Propanol, 2-chloro-. See 2-Chloro-1-propanol 1-Propanol, 1,1-dimethyl-3-phenyl-. See Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol 2-Propanol, 1-(2-methoxy-1-methylethoxy)-. See PPG-2 methyl ether Propanolone. See Pyruvaldehyde 1-Propanol, 1-phenyl-. See 1-Phenyl-1-propanol 1-Propanol, 3-phenyl-. See Hydrocinnamic alcohol 1,2,3-Propanol tridecanoate. See Tricaprin Propanone; 2-Propanone. See Acetone 2-Propanone, 1-(p-methoxyphenyl)-. See 1-(pMethoxyphenyl)-2-propanone 1-Propanone, 1-phenyl-. See Propiophenone Propan-2-yl benzoate. See Isopropyl benzoate Propellant 12. See Dichlorodifluoromethane Propellant C-318. See Octafluorocyclobutane Prop-2-enal; 2-Propenal. See Acrolein 2-Propenal, 3-(2-furanyl)-. See 3-(2-Furyl) acrylaldehyde Propenal, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-. See pMethoxycinnamaldehyde 2-Propenal, 3-phenyl-. See Cinnamal 2-Propenamide, homopolymer. See Polyacrylamide 2-Propenamide, polymer with 2-propenoic acid. See Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer Propenamide, polymer with propenoic acid, butenoic acid, and/or alkyl propenoates. See Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer 2-Propenamide, polymer with 2-propenoic acid, sodium salt. See Acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer 2-Propenamide-2-propenoic acid polymer. See Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer 1-Propene, 2-methyl-, homopolymer; Propene, 2methyl-, polymers. See Polyisobutene 1823

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 2-Propenenitrile, polymer with 1,3-butadiene. See Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer Propene oxide. See Propylene oxide 2-Propene-1-thiol; Propene-3-thiol. See Allyl mercaptan 1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid; 1,2,3Propenetricarboxylic acid. See Aconitic acid 2-Propenoic acid with ethene. See Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer 2-Propenoic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl acrylate 2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer. See Polyacrylic acid 2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer, sodium salt. See Sodium polyacrylate 2-Propenoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3methoxyphenyl)-. See Ferulic acid 2-Propenoic acid, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, 2ethylhexyl ester. See Octyl methoxycinnamate 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, homopolymer, sodium salt. See Sodium polymethacrylate 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, cyclohexyl ester. See Cyclohexyl cinnamate 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, ethyl ester. See Ethyl cinnamate 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, 3-methylbutyl ester. See Isoamyl cinnamate 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, 1-methylethyl ester. See Isopropyl cinnamate 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, 3-phenyl-2propenyl ester. See Cinnamyl cinnamate 2-Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, 3-phenylpropyl ester. See 3-Phenylpropyl cinnamate Propenoic acid polymer. See Polyacrylic acid 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with ethene. See Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with 2-propenamide. See Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer Propenoic acid, polymers, homopolymer. See Polyacrylic acid 2-Propenoic acid, sodium salt, polymer with 2propenamide. See Acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer 2-Propenyl acetate. See Allyl acetate 2-Propenylacrylic acid. See Sorbic acid 4-Propenylanisole. See Anethole (E)-p-Propenylanisole. See trans-Anethole p-Propenylanisole; p-1-Propenylanisole. See Anethole trans-p-Propenylanisole. See trans-Anethole 2-Propenyl benzeneacetate. See Allyl phenylacetate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

5-(1-Propenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole. See Isosafrole 5-(2-Propenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole. See Safrol 4-Propenyl-1-benzyloxy-2-methoxybenzene. See Isoeugenyl benzyl ether 2-Propenyl butanoate. See Allyl butyrate 4-Propenylcatechol methylene ether. See Isosafrole Propenyl cinnamate. See Allyl cinnamate 2-Propenyl cyclohexaneacetate. See Allyl cyclohexaneacetate 2-Propen-1-yl cyclohexane butyrate. See Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate 2- Propen-1-yl cyclohexane caproate. See Allyl cyclohexanehexanoate 2- Propen-1-yl cyclohexane pentanoate. See Allyl cyclohexanevalerate 2-Propenyl 3-cyclohexanepropanoate. See Allyl cyclohexanepropionate Prop-2-enyl 6-cyclohexyl hexanoate. See Allyl cyclohexanehexanoate 2-Propenyl disulfide. See Allyl disulfide 2-Propenylethanoate. See Allyl acetate 2-Propenyl-6-ethoxyphenol. See Propenylguaethol 2- Propenyl 2-ethylbutyrate. See Allyl 2ethylbutyrate 2-Propenyl furan-2-carboxylate. See Allyl 2furoate Propenylguaethol CAS 94-86-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-370-0 FEMA 2922 Synonyms: 6-Ethoxy-m-anol; 1-(4-Ethoxy-3hydroxyphenyl) propene; 1-Ethoxy-2hydroxy-4-propenylbenzene; Ethoxy propenylphenol; 2-Ethoxy-5propenylphenol; 2-Ethoxy-5-prop-1enylphenol; Hydroxymethyl anethol; Hydroxymethyl anethole; Isosafroeugenol; 2-Propenyl-6-ethoxyphenol; Propenylguethol; 4-Propenylguethol Classification: aromatic alcohol Definition: Commercial grades are mixt. of cisand trans-isomers Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: C2H5OC6H3(OH)(C3H5) Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., vanilla-like odor and taste; sol. in fixed oils, alcohol, hydrocarbon solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 178.25; m.p. 35 C (cis), 86 C (trans); flash pt. > 212 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed 1824

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp, emits acrid smoke and fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, flavor enhancer in foods Features: Sweet, artificial vanilla or medicinal flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Trade Names Containing: V-V Artificial Vanilla® Propenyl guaiacol. See Methyl isoeugenol Propenylguaiacol; 4-Propenylguaiacol. See Isoeugenol Propenylguaiacol phenylacetate. See Isoeugenyl phenylacetate Propenylguethol; 4-Propenylguethol. See Propenylguaethol 2-Propenyl heptanoate. See Allyl heptanoate 2-Propenyl hexa-2,4-dienoate. See Allyl sorbate 2-Propenyl hexanoate; 2-Propenyl-N-hexanoate. See Allyl caproate 3-Propenyl isothiocyanate. See Allyl isothiocyanate 2-Propenyl isovalerate. See Allyl isovalerate 4-(2-Propenyl)-2-methoxyphenyl ethanoate. See Eugenyl acetate 4,1-Propen-1-yl-2-methoxyphenyl formate. See Isoeugenyl formate 4-(2-Propenyl)-2-methoxyphenyl formate; 4-(2Propenyl)-2-methoxyphenyl methanoate. See Eugenyl formate 2-Propenyl 3-methylbutanoate. See Allyl isovalerate 4-Propenyl--1,2-methylenedioxybenzene. See Isosafrole 2-Propenyl nonanoate. See Allyl nonanoate 2-Propenyl phenoxy acetate. See Allyl phenoxyacetate p-Propenylphenyl methyl ether. See Anethole 3-Propenyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate. See Allyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cinnamate 2-Propenyl propanoate. See Allyl propionate Propenyl propyl disulfide CAS 5905-46-4; EINECS/ELINCS 227-604-9 FEMA 3227 Synonyms: Prop-1-enyl propyl disulfide Empirical: C6H12S2 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 148.29; sp. gr. 0.972-0.978; b.p. 78-80 C (13 mm Hg); ref. index 1.5219 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, condiments, meats, pickles, soups Features: Odor and taste of cooked onions Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Prop-1-enyl propyl disulfide. See Propenyl propyl disulfide 2-Propenyl propyl disulfide. See Allyl propyl disulfide Prop-2-enyl-trithio prop-2-ene. See Diallyl trisulfide 2- Propen-1-yl 10-undecenoate. See Allyl 10undecenoate 4-Propenylveratrole; 4-Prop-1-enylveratrole. See Methyl isoeugenol Propinylethylene. See Ethyl vinyl ketone γ-Propiobutyrolactone. See γ-Heptalactone Propionaldehyde CAS 123-38-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-623-0 UN 1275 (DOT); FEMA 2923 Synonyms: Aldehyde C3; Methylacetaldehyde; Propanal; Propionic aldehyde; Propylaldehyde; Propylic aldehyde Empirical: C3H6O Formula: CH3CH2CHO Properties: Colorless mobile liq., suffocating odor; sol. in 5 vols water; misc. with alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 58.08; dens. 0.807 (20/4 C); m.p. -81 C; b.p. 47-49 C; flash pt. -40 C; ref. index 1.362 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1.4 g/kg, (subcut., rat) 820 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 5040 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 8000 ppm; mod. toxic by skin contact, ing., subcut. routes; mildly toxic by inh.; skin and severe eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; reacts vigorously with oxidizers; explosive limits 2.9-17% Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating 1825

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference fumes Storage: Store refrigerated Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Propionaldehyde, 3-(methylthio)-. See 3Methylthiopropionaldehyde Propione. See Diethyl ketone Propionic acid CAS 79-09-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-176-3 UN 1848 (DOT; UN IATA); FEMA 2924; INS280; E280 Synonyms: Carboxyethane; Ethanecarboxylic acid; Ethylformic acid; Metacetonic acid; Methylacetic acid; Propanoic acid; Pseudoacetic acid Classification: Organic acid Empirical: C3H6O2 Formula: C2H5COOH Properties: Oily liq., sl. pungent rancid odor; misc. in water, alcohol, ether, chloroform; m.w. 74.09; dens. 0.998 (15/4 C); visc. 1.020 cp (15 C); vapor dens. 2.55; vapor pressure 10 mm (39.7 C); m.p. -21.5 C; b.p. 141. C; flash pt. (OC) 58 C; ref. index 1.3862; surf. tension 27.21 dynes/cm (15 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 3500 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 500 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rabbit) 1320 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, IV routes; corrosive irritant to eyes, skin, mucous membranes; lethal to rats in lg. doses; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; highly flamm. exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; incompat. with CaCl2; dec. at high temp. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Direct food additive; antimicrobial, mold inhibitor, preservative, synthetic flavoring agent in foods; mfg. of fruit flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.149, 133.195, 178.1010, 184.1081, 184.1221, 184.1784, 582.3081, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; EPA reg.; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF compliance; SARA reportable; Canada DSL; Europe listed; UK approved; Japan restricted to flavoring use, limitation with sorbic acid 3 g/kg total Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Albion Inorganic Chems. http://www.albionchemicals.co.uk; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Hampshire; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; 1826

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Unipex http://www.unipex.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Trade Names: Eastman® Propionic Acid, Food Grade, Kosher Trade Names Containing: Panatex® K; Soft Touch K Propionic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium propionate Propionic acid, cinnamyl ester. See Cinnamyl propionate Propionic acid cyclohexyl ester. See Cyclohexyl propionate Propionic acid-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl ester. See Neryl propionate Propionic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl propionate Propionic acid, geranyl ester. See Geranyl propionate Propionic acid, hexyl ester. See Hexyl propionate Propionic acid, 2-hydroxy-. See Lactic acid Propionic acid, isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl propionate Propionic acid, isopentyl ester. See Isoamyl propionate Propionic acid isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl propionate Propionic acid, 2-methyl-. See Isobutyric acid Propionic acid, 3-methylbutyl ester. See Isoamyl propionate Propionic acid, neryl ester. See Neryl propionate Propionic acid octyl ester. See Octyl propionate Propionic acid phenethyl ester. See Phenethyl propionate Propionic acid, propyl ester. See Propyl propionate Propionic acid sodium salt. See Sodium propionate Propionic acid tetrahydrofurfuryl ester. See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tetrahydrofurfuryl propionate Propionic acid, 3,3´-thiobis-, dioctadecyl ester. See Distearyl thiodipropionate Propionic acid, 3,3´-thiodi, didodecyl ester. See Dilauryl thiodipropionate Propionic aldehyde. See Propionaldehyde Propionic anhydride CAS 123-62-6 UN 2496 Synonyms: Methylacetic anhydride; Propanoic acid anhydride; Propanoic anhydride Empirical: C6H10O3 Properties: Liq.; pungent odor; dec. in water; m.w. 130.14; dens. 1.015; m.p. -43 C; b.p. 167 C; flash pt. 73 C Toxicology: Corrosive; causes skin and eye burns; harmful if swallowed; lachrymator; mist or vapor irritating to eyes and respiratory tract Precaution: Combustible liq. and vapor; reacts with water HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 Storage: Moisture-sensitive Uses: Nutritional supplement; flavoring agent Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Eastman® Propionic Anhydride, Kosher Propionic ether. See Ethyl propionate Propionphenone; Propionylbenzene; Propiophenoe. See Propiophenone Propiophenone CAS 93-55-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-257-6 FEMA 3469 Synonyms: Ethyl phenyl ketone; Ketone, ethyl phenyl; Phenetol; Phenyl ethyl ketone; 1Phenyl-1-propanone; 1-Propanone, 1phenyl-; Propionphenone; Propionylbenzene; Propiophenoe Classification: Aliphatic ketone Empirical: C9H10O Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq.; insol. in water; m.w. 134.18; dens. 1.009; m.p. 19 C; 1827

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference b.p. 217 C; flash pt. 87 C; ref. index 1.5268 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4490 ml/kg, (dermal, rabbit) 4490 ml/kg; irritating to eyes, skin, and resp. tract Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents and strong bases Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com [2-(1-Propoxyethoxy) ethyl] benzene. See Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal Propyl acetate CAS 109-60-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-686-1 UN 1276 (DOT); FEMA 2925 Synonyms: Acetic acid propyl ester; Acetic acid n-propyl ester; 1-Acetoxypropane; 1Propyl acetate; n-Propyl acetate; n-Propyl ethanoate Classification: Sat. aliphatic carboxylic acid ester Definition: Ester of propyl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C5H10O2 Formula: CH3COOCH2CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless liq., pear-like odor; sol. in alcohols, ketones, esters, hydrocarbons, diethyl ether, castor oil, linseed oil; mod. sol. in water; m.w. 102.14; dens. 0.887 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 40 mm (28.8 C); m.p. -92 C; b.p. 99-102 C; flash pt. (CC) 14 C; autoignition temp. 450 C; ref. index 1.384 (20 C); surf. tens. 24.3 dynes/cm (20 C); dielec. const. 6.002 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 200 ppm; STEL 250 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 9370 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1420 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP and subcut. routes; mildly toxic by ing., inh.; may be irritating to skin, mucous membranes; narcotic in high concs.; human systemic effects by inh. (lacrimation, cough); TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.26; COD 2.04; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ThOD 2.04 Precaution: Highly flamm.; UEL 8%; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; explosive as vapor exposed to heat, flame; incompat. with oxidizing agents, strong acids, potassium tbutoxide, reactive nitrogen compds. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: n-Propanol, acetic acid; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight and away from heat and ignition sources Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 177.1200; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com BP Chems. Ltd http://www.bp.com/chemicals/; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chem-Supply http://www.chemsupply.com.au Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com G.J. Chem. http://www.gjchemical.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com

1828

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Quaker City; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com 1-Propyl acetate. See Propyl acetate 2-Propyl acetate. See Isopropyl acetate n-Propyl acetate. See Propyl acetate Propylacetic acid. See n-Valeric acid β-Propyl acrolein. See trans-2-Hexenal Propyl alcohol CAS 71-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-746-9 UN 1274 (DOT); FEMA 2928 Synonyms: Albacol; Alcohol C3; Ethyl carbinol; 1-Hydroxypropane; Normal propyl alcohol; Optal; 1-Propanol; Propanol-1; Propan-1-ol; n-Propanol; 1-Propyl alcohol; n-Propyl alcohol; Propylic alcohol Classification: Aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C3H8O Formula: CH3CH2CH2OH Properties: Colorless clear liq., alcoholic and sl. stupefying odor; very sol. in benzene; sol. in water, ethyl alcohol, ether, acetone, propylene glycol; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; dissolves fat; m.w. 60.10; sp.gr. 0.804 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 10 mm Hg (14.7 C); m.p. -127 C; b.p. 97-98 C; flash pt. (TCC) 23 C; ref. index 1.385 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 200 ppm; STEL 250 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 1.87 g/kg, (IP, rat) 2164 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 590 mg/kg; poison by subcut. route; mod. toxic by inh., ing., IP, IV routes; toxic by skin absorption; skin and severe eye irritant; drying effect on skin may lead to cracking, fissuring, and infections; mildly irritating to mucous membranes; questionable carcinogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.50; COD 2.18; ThOD 2.40 Precaution: Highly flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; explosive limits in air 2-13%; incompat. with oxidizing agents (increases risk of fire and explosion); ignites on contact with potassium t-butoxide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in cool, well-ventilated area separate from work place; limit quantities in use Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1200, 573.880; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for topicals; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Burdick & Jackson http://www.bandj.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 1-Propyl alcohol. 2-Propyl alcohol. n-Propyl alcohol. s-Propyl alcohol.

See Propyl alcohol See Isopropyl alcohol See Propyl alcohol See Isopropyl alcohol 1829

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Propylaldehyde. See Propionaldehyde γ-Propylallyl alcohol. See 2-Hexenol Propyl allyl disulfide. See Allyl propyl disulfide 4-Propylanisole; 4-n-Propylanisole. See pPropyl anisole p-Propyl anisole CAS 104-45-0; EINECS/ELINCS 224-052-0 UN NA 1993; FEMA 2930 Synonyms: Dihydroanethole; 1-Methoxy-4propylbenzene; 1-Methoxy-4-npropylbenzene; 4-Propylanisole; 4-nPropylanisole; Propyl methoxybenzene Empirical: C10H14O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq., anisetype odor; m.w. 150.22; dens. 0.94718; b.p. 212-213 C; ref. index 1.5025-1.5055 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4400 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 7300 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; mutation data reported; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Propyl benzoate CAS 2315-68-6; EINECS/ELINCS 219-020-8 FEMA 2931 Synonyms: Benzoic acid, n-propyl ester; nPropyl benzoate Definition: Ester of n-propyl alcohol and benzoic acid Empirical: C10H12O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., balsamic nutty odor, sweet fruity nut-like taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 164.21; dens. 1.026; b.p. 230-231 C; m.p. -51 to -52 C; flash pt. 98 C; ref. index 1.5100 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.5% max. as benzoic acid in finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Grau Aromatics Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ n-Propyl benzoate. See Propyl benzoate N-Propyl beta-phenyl acrylate. See Propyl cinnamate Propyl butanoate. See Propyl butyrate Propyl 2-butenoate; Propyl (2E)-2-butenoate. See Propyl crotonate Propyl butyrate CAS 105-66-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-320-0 FEMA 2934 Synonyms: Butanoic acid propyl ester; Butyric acid, propyl ester; Propyl butanoate; n-Propyl butyrate Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; misc. with alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 130.19; dens. 0.87 (20/4 C); m.p. 95 C; b.p. 142-144 C; flash pt. 37 C; ref. index 1.400 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,000 mg/kg; sl. toxic by ing.; irritant to mucous membranes; narcotic in high concs.; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet, fruity, tutti-frutti, bubble gum and pineapple-like with a slight green nuance flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com n-Propyl butyrate. See Propyl butyrate Propyl caprate CAS 30673-60-0; EINECS/ELINCS 250-283-1 Synonyms: Decanoic acid propyl ester; Propyl 1830

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decanoate Classification: Ester Empirical: C13H26O2 Properties: Flash pt. (CC) 115 C Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Propyl caproate. See Propyl hexanoate Propyl carbinol. See Butyl alcohol Propyl cinnamate CAS 7778-83-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-916-0 FEMA 2938 Synonyms: Cinnamic acid propyl ester; 3Phenyl-2-propenoic acid propyl ester; NPropyl beta-phenyl acrylate; N-Propyl cinnamate; Propyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate; N-Propyl 3-phenyl propenoate Empirical: C12H14O2 Properties: Colorless visc. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 190.24; sp. gr. 1.025; ref. index 1.551 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Musty vine amber odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com N-Propyl cinnamate. See Propyl cinnamate Propyl crotonate CAS 10352-87-1; EINECS/ELINCS 233-768-2 Synonyms: 2-Butenoic acid propyl ester; (E)2-Butenoic acid propyl ester; Crotonic acid, propyl ester; Propyl 2-butenoate; Propyl (2E)-2-butenoate Classification: Ester Empirical: C7H12O2 Properties: M.w. 128.17; flash pt. (CC) 46 C Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/

Dithiaoctane; 1-Propyldisulfamylpropane; Propyl dithiopropane Empirical: C6H14S2 Formula: CH3CH2CH2SSCH2CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; garlic, onion odor; m.w. 150.31; sp. gr. 0.957; m.p. 86 C; b.p. 195 C; flash pt. 64 C; ref. index 1.498 Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat, 6 day intermittent) 4508 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; stench Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, soups, spices Features: Alliaceous, sulfureous, green, vegetative and asafetida nuances taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Propyl dithiopropane. See Propyl disulfide 3-Propylene acrolein. See trans,trans-2,4Hexadienal Propylene aldehyde. See Acrolein Propylene chlorohydrin. See 2-Chloro-1propanol Propylenedicarboxylic acid. See Itaconic acid Propylene epoxide. See Propylene oxide

Propyl disulfide CAS 629-19-6; EINECS/ELINCS 211-079-8 FEMA 3228 Synonyms: Dipropyl disulfide; 4,5-

Propylene glycol CAS 57-55-6; 4254-15-3 (+); 4254-14-2 (-); 425416-4 (±); EINECS/ELINCS 200-338-0 FEMA 2940; INS1520; E1520 Synonyms: 1,2-Dihydroxypropane; 2Hydroxypropanol; Isopropylene glycol; Methyl ethylene glycol; Methyl ethyl glycol; Methyl glycol; Monopropylene glycol; PG; 1,2-Propanediol; Propane-1,2-diol; 1,2Propylene glycol; α-Propylene glycol; Trimethyl glycol Classification: Aliphatic dihydric alcohol Empirical: C3H8O2 Formula: CH3CHOHCH2OH Properties: Colorless clear visc. liq., odorless, sl. acrid taste; sol. in water, essential oils,

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1831

Propyl decanoate. See Propyl caprate 1-Propyldisulfamylpropane. See Propyl disulfide

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acetone, chloroform, ether, ethanol; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 76.11; dens. 1.0362; vapor pressure 0.08 mm (20 C); m.p. -60 C; b.p. 188.2 C; flash pt. (OC) 99 C; autoignition temp. 510 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 25 ml/kg, (IP, rat) 6660 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 6423 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 20,800 mg/kg; sl. toxic by ing., skin contact, IP,IV, subcut. routes; eye and human skin irritant; human systemic effects by ing. (anesthesia, convulsions, EEG changes); experimental teratogen, reproductive effector; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.08; COD 1.63; ThOD 1.68 Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; explosive as vapor exposed to heat or flames; explosive limits 2.6-12.6%; reactive with oxidizers; can increase risk of fire and explosion Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry area; hygroscopic Uses: Solvent, vehicle, emulsifier, wetting agent, dispersant, humectant, anticaking agent, antioxidant, dough strengthener, flavoring agent, formulation aid, processing aid, stabilizer, thickener, surfactant, texturizer, clarifier in foods; energy source in animal feed; hog/poultry scald Use Level: 10-25% (oral sol'ns.), 10-80% (parenterals), 5-80% (topicals) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.30, 169.175, 169.176, 169.177, 169.178, 169.180, 169.181, 175.300, 175.320, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1390, 177.1680, 177.2420, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3300, 184.1666, 582.4666, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Canada DSL; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; EPA reg., approved for some drugs; Japan approved with limitations; Europe listed; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for orals, parenterals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Adeka Fine Chem. http://www.adk.co.jp; Adept Sol'ns.; Albion Inorganic Chems. http://www.albionchemicals.co.uk; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arch Chems./Specialty Polyols http://www.archchemicals.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Focus http://www.focuschemical.com/ Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/ Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Lyondell 1832

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.lyondell.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Primachem R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sunnyside http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Veckridge; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Adeka Propylene Glycol (P); PG USP; Propylene Glycol USP, FCC Trade Names Containing: AFC AS 920; AFC OS 460; AFC OWS 550; AFC WOS 550; Aldo® HMO PG KFG Aldo® MO PG KFG; Antrancine® 19; Antrancine® 20 CH-P; Antrancine® 220; Arlacel® 186 Avox™ 2; Avox™ 6; Avox™ 7; Avox™ 20; Avox™ 20A

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Avox™ 20B; Avox™ 21; Avox™ 25; Avox™ 26; Avox™ 27 Avox™ A; Avox™ R; Avox™ S-1; Avox™ S2; Bake-Well Bun Release Cake Flavor Enhancer; Durem™ 300; Hodag® S-35 K; Oxynex® 2004; Promodan USV Kosher Shokusen SE; Solec™ E; Solec™ M; Solec™ W; Solec™ WD Sporban Regular; Tenox® 2; Tenox® 6; Tenox® 7; Tenox® 20 Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 20B; Tenox® 21; Tenox® 22; Tenox® 25 Tenox® 26; Tenox® A; Tenox® CA-30; Tenox® CA-50; Tenox® R Tenox® S-1; Tenox® S-2; Tomato Oil 010; Vanall 1,2-Propylene glycol; α-Propylene glycol. See Propylene glycol Propylene glycol alginate CAS 9005-37-2 FEMA 2941; INS405 Synonyms: Alginic acid, ester with 1,2propanediol; Hydroxypropyl alginate; Propane-1,2-diol alginate Definition: Mixture of propylene glycol esters of alginic acid Empirical: C72H112O56 Formula: (C9H14O7)8 Properties: Wh. to ylsh. fibrous or gran. powd., pract. odorless and tasteless; sol. in water, dil. organic acids, hydroalcoholic mixts.; m.w. 1873.6; DE 0.75-0.85 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7200 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, flavoring agent, adjuvant, formulation aid, stabilizer, surfactant, thickener, solvent, defoamer in foods, frozen dairy desserts, baked goods, cheeses, fats/oils, gelatins, puddings, gravies, jams, jellies, condiments, seasonings/flavors; coatings on fresh citrus fruits Features: Reactive with milk Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.133, 133.134, 133.162, 133.178. 133.179, 172.210, 172.820, 172.858, 173.340, 176.170, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (1% max.); Canada DSL; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA 1833

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference approved for orals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Adept Sol'ns.; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; B2E http://www.protectivechemicals.com; CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Hydro Pronova a.s. http://www.hydro.com Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Concentrated DARILOID® KB; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® O; Kelcoloid® S Kelnoodlizer®; Manucol® Ester B; Manucol® Ester ER/K; Manucol® Ester M; Propylene Glycol Alginate HV Protanal Ester CF; Protanal Ester SD-H; TIC Pretested® Colloid 602 Powder Trade Names Containing: Propylene Glycol Alginate LV FCC Propylene glycol caprylate CAS 31565-12-5 Synonyms: Caprylic acid, monoester with 1,2propanediol; Octanoic acid, 2hydroxypropyl ester; Octanoic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol Definition: Ester of caprylic acid and propylene glycol Empirical: C11H22O3 Formula: CH3(CH2)6COOCH2CHCH3OH Uses: Solubilizer, stabilizer for foods Trade Names: Capryol® PGMC Trade Names Containing: Capmul® PG-8 Propylene glycol, caprylate caprate diester. See Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate Propylene glycol dibenzoate CAS 19224-26-1; EINECS/ELINCS 242-894-7 FEMA 3419 Synonyms: 1.2-Propanediol dibenzoate; Propane-1,2-diyl dibenzoate Empirical: C17H116O4 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 284.31; sp.gr. 1.146; b.p. 232.00 C @ 12.00 mm; acid no. 1.0 max.; flash pt. (COC) 199 C; ref. index 1.544 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in beverages Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Unitex http://www.unitexchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com Propylene glycol dicaprate CAS 56519-72-3; 53824-77-4; EINECS/ELINCS 258-814-9 Synonyms: Decanoic acid, 1-methyl-1,2ethanediyl ester; n-Decanoic acid, 1,3propanediyl ester; Propylene glycol didecanoate Definition: Diester of propylene glycol and capric acid Empirical: C23H44O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)8COOCH2CHCH3OCO(CH2)8CH3 Properties: Colorless oily liq.; light feel; m.w. 384.60; low visc.; cloud pt. 0.6 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Lubricant, moisturizer, solubilizer, extender, visc. modifier, bioavailability enhancer, vehicle, carrier for vitamins, colors, and flavors for nutritional formulas; pan and mold release agent Manuf./Distrib.: Nihon Surfactant http://www.nikkol.co.jp/en/group_nissa.htm l Trade Names: Captex® 100 Propylene glycol dicaprylate CAS 7384-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 230-962-9 Synonyms: Octanoic acid, 1-methyl-1,2ethanediyl ester Definition: Diester of propylene glycol and caprylic acid Empirical: C19H36O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)6COOCH2CHCH3OCO(CH2)6CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 328.491 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.856, 173.340, 175.300, 176.170, 176.210, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Nihon Surfactant http://www.nikkol.co.jp/en/group_nissa.htm l Trade Names Containing: Capmul® PG-8 Propylene glycol dicaprylate-caprate. See 1834

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate CAS 58748-27-9; 68583-51-7; 68988-72-7; EINECS/ELINCS 271-516-3 Synonyms: Caprylic, capric acid, propylene glycol diester; Decanoic acid, 1-methyl-1,2ethanediyl ester mixed with 1-methyl-1,2ethanediyl dioctanoate; Decanoic acid, mixed diesters with octanoic acid and propylene glycol; Octanoic acid, mixed diesters with decanoic acid and propylene glycol; Propylene glycol, caprylate caprate diester; Propylene glycol dicaprylatecaprate Definition: Mixture of the propylene glycol diesters of caprylic and capric acids Formula: C10H20O2 • C8H16O2 • C3H8O2 Properties: Liq.; insol. in water; dens. 0.92 kg/l; pour pt. -40 C; flash pt. (COC) 184 C; nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Food additive; emulsifier, stabilizer, defoamer in foods; coupling agent, solvent, vehicle, diluent, carrier for flavors, sol. colorants, vitamins Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.856, 173.340, 175.300, 176.170, 176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; MMP http://www.mmpinc.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Trade Names: BGL™ 355; Captex® 200; Captex® 200P; Lexol® PG-865; Liponate PC Miglyol® 840; NEOBEE® M-20 Propylene glycol didecanoate. See Propylene glycol dicaprate Propylene glycol diethylhexanoate. See Propylene glycol dioctanoate Propylene glycol dioctanoate CAS 56519-71-2; 93981-97-6; EINECS/ELINCS 301-185-3 Synonyms: 2-Ethylhexanoic acid, 1-methyl1,2-ethanediyl ester; 1-Methylethylene 2ethylhexanoate; Octanoic acid, 1,3propanediyl ester; Propylene glycol diethylhexanoate Definition: Diester of propylene glycol and 2ethylhexanoic acid Empirical: C19H36O4 Formula: CH3(CH2)3CHCH3CH2COOCH2CHCH3OCOCH CH2CH3(CH2)3CH3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Sol. in alcohol, min. oil; sp.gr. 0.921; flash pt. (COC) 159 C; ref. index 1.4350 Uses: Solvent, carrier, vehicle for essential oils, flavors, vitamins; vehicle for nutritional prods. Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Inolex http://www.inolex.com Trade Names: Captex® 800; Lexol® PG-800 Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids. See Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids Propylene glycol laurate CAS 142-55-2; 10108-22-2; 27194-74-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-542-3 Synonyms: Dodecanoic acid, 2-hydroxypropyl ester; Dodecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2propanediol; 2-Hydroxypropyl dodecanoate; 2-Hydroxypropyl laurate; Lauric acid, monoester with 1,2propanediol; PGML; 1,2-Propanediol monododecanoate; Propylene glycol monolaurate Definition: Ester of propylene glycol and lauric acid Empirical: C15H30O3 Formula: CH3(CH2)10COOCH2CHCH3OH Properties: Yel to pale amber oily liq.; m.w. 258.40; dens. 0.911; m.p. 0-12 C; HLB 4.5; flash pt. (COC) 188 C; Nonionic Toxicology: Nontoxic but can cause allergic reactions in hypersensitive persons; TSCA listed Uses: Food additive; surfactant, emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, plasticizer, emollient, solvent in foods; defoamer in processing foods Features: Multipurpose Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.856, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com Trade Names: Emalex PGML; Lauroglycol® 90 Propylene glycol laurate SE Properties: Anionic 1835

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, and antistat in foods Trade Names: Cithrol PGML S/E Propylene glycol mono- and diesters. See Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids CAS 977050-70-6 INS477; E477 Synonyms: PGME; Propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids; Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids; Propylene glycol mono- and diesters Definition: Mixts. of propylene glycol mono- and diesters of sat. and unsat. fatty acids derived from edible oils and fats Formula: CH3CHOR2CH2OR1, where R1 and R2 rep. one fatty acid moiety and hydrogen (mono) two fatty acid moieties (diesters) Properties: Clear liq. or wh. to yel. beads or flakes, bland odor and taste; sol. in alcohol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, edible oils and fats; disp. in hot water; insol. in cold water; acid no. 4 max.; nonionic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, aerating agent, foam stabilizer in foods, beet sugar processing, cake batter/icing/shortening, margarine, oils, rendered poultry fat, whipped toppings, yeast; ingred. in bakery prods.; in defoamers for beet sugar, yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 172.856, 172.860, 172.862, 173.340, 176.170; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Europe, UK approved; ADI 0-25 mg kg–1 body wt. (EU); ADI 0-25 mg/kg body wt. (FAO/WHO, calc. as propylene glycol) Trade Names: PB-100 Trade Names Containing: EC-25®; Myvatex® Texture Lite® K Propylene glycol monodistearate Definition: Mixt. of propylene glycol mono- and diesters of stearic and palmitic acids Properties: Wh. beads or flakes, bland odor and taste; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, other chlorinated hydrocarbons Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer in foods, whipped Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sponge mixts., toppings, shortenings Propylene glycol monolaurate. See Propylene glycol laurate Propylene glycol monoricinoleate. See Propylene glycol ricinoleate Propylene glycol monostearate; Propylene glycol octadecanoate. See Propylene glycol stearate Propylene glycol oleate CAS 1330-80-9; EINECS/ELINCS 215-549-3 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol; Oleic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol Definition: Ester of propylene glycol and oleic acid Empirical: C21H40O3 Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOCH2CHCH3OH Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Food additive; emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, antistat in foods; defoamer in processing foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.856, 173.340, 175.300, 176.210, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Propylene glycol oleate SE Definition: Self-emulsifying grade of propylene glycol oleate that contains some sodium and/or potassium oleate Properties: Anionic Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, and antistat in foods Trade Names: Cithrol PGMO S/E Propylene glycol palmitate Definition: Ester of propylene glycol and palmitic acid Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier in foods Propylene glycol ricinoleate CAS 26402-31-3; EINECS/ELINCS 247-669-7 Synonyms: 12-Hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol; (R)-12Hydroxyoleic acid, monoester with 1,2propanediol; Propylene glycol 1836

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference monoricinoleate Definition: Ester of propylene glycol and ricinoleic acid Empirical: C21H40O4 Formula: C17H32(OH)COOCH2CH2OCH3 Properties: Pale yel. mod. visc. oily liq.; mild odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.960; m.p. < -16 C; hyd. no. 285; sapon. no. 160; flash pt. (COC) 221 C; ref. index 1.469; Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, emollient, and antistat in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com Propylene glycol ricinoleate SE Properties: Anionic Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, and antistat in foods Propylene glycol stearate CAS 1323-39-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-354-3 FEMA 2942 Synonyms: Monosteol; Octadecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol; PGMS; 1,2-Propanediol monostearate; Propylene glycol monostearate; Propylene glycol octadecanoate; Prostearin; Stearic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol Definition: Ester of propylene glycol and stearic acid Empirical: C21H42O3 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOCH2CHCH3OH Properties: Wh. to cream flakes, bland typ. fatty odor and taste; sol. in min. oil, IPM, oleyl alcohol; insol. in water, glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 342.63; m.p. 35-38 C; HLB 3.4; acid no. 4 max.; iodine no. 3 max.; sapon. no. 155-165; hyd. no. 160-175; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by IP route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Food additive; emulsifier, stabilizer, defoamer, visc. builder in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.856, 172.860, 172.862, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

176.210, 177.2800; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for rectals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nihon Surfactant http://www.nikkol.co.jp/en/group_nissa.htm l Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Stepan http://www.stepan.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Emalex PGMS; Myverol® P06; Promodan SP Trade Names Containing: Bealite™ 3558; Myvatex® 3-50K; Vanlite Propylene glycol stearate SE CAS 91031-35-5; 977067-33-6; EINECS/ELINCS 292-936-3 Definition: Self-emulsifying grade of propylene glycol stearate containing some sodium and/or potassium stearate Properties: Anionic Uses: Emulsifier, coemulsifier, stabilizer, wetting agent, lubricant, pearlescent, 1837

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference spreading agent, and antistat in foods Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Propylene oxide CAS 75-56-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200-879-2 UN 1280 (DOT) Synonyms: Epoxypropane; 1,2-Epoxypropane; 2,3-Epoxypropane; Methyl ethylene oxide; Methyloxacyclopropane; Methyloxirane; S()-Methyloxirane; Propane, 1,2-epoxy-; Propene oxide; Propylene epoxide; 1,2Propylene oxide Classification: Ether Empirical: C3H6O Properties: Colorless liq., ethereal odor; sol. in alcohol and ether; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 58.08; dens. 0.8304 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 400 mm Hg (17.8 C); f.p. -104.4 C; b.p. 33.9 C; flash pt. (TCC) < -25 C; ref. index 1.366 (20C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 20 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 380 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 150 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1245 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse, 4 h) 1740 ppm; poison by ing. and IP routes; mod. toxic by inh., skin contact; severe skin and eye irritant; can cause somnolence, headache, nausea, vomiting; suspected human carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen, teratogen, reproductive effector, tumorigen; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.20; ThOD 2.21 Precaution: Highly flamm.; explosive limits in air 2-22%; very dangerous fire and explosion hazard exposed to heat or flame; explosive reaction with epoxy resin and sodium hydroxide; forms explosive mixts. with oxygen; reacts vigorously with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 4, Reactivity 2 Storage: Refrigerate Uses: Prep. of food starch modified Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 175.105, 176.210; SARA §302a extremely hazardous, §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; Calif. Prop. 65 reportable; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ARC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.balchem.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 1,2-Propylene oxide. See Propylene oxide Propylene oxide homopolymer. See Polypropylene glycol 2-Propyl ethanoate. See Isopropyl acetate n-Propyl ethanoate. See Propyl acetate Propyl formate CAS 110-74-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-798-0 UN 1281 (DOT); FEMA 2943 Synonyms: Formic acid propyl ester; n-Propyl formate; n-Propyl methanoate Empirical: C4H8O2 Formula: HCOOC3H7 Properties: Colorless liq., pleasant odor, bittersweet flavor; sol. in 45 parts water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 88.10; sp. gr. 0.901; vapor pressure 100 mm (29.5 C); m.p. -93 C; b.p. 81-82 C; flash pt. (CC) -3 C; ref. index 1.3771 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3980 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 3400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin, eyes, mucous membrane irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire risk exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; lower explosion limit 2.3%; ignites on contact with potassium-t-butoxide; explosive as vapor exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet berry-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Oxford Chems. Ltd 1838

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com n-Propyl formate. See Propyl formate Propylformic acid. See n-Butyric acid Propyl 2-fuorate CAS 615-10-1; EINECS/ELINCS 210-407-7 FEMA 2946 Synonyms: 2-Furancarboxylic acid, propyl ester; 2-Furancarboxylic acid n-propyl ester; 1-Propyl 2-furancarboxylate Empirical: C8H10O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sweet, oily, herbaceous, earthy odor; sol. in oils; sl, sol. in oils; misc. with ethanol; m.w. 154.16; sp. gr. 1.067-1.075; b.p. 211 C; acid no. 1.0 max.; ref. index 1.471-1.475 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, candy, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Propyl 2-furanacrylate CAS 623-22-3; EINECS/ELINCS 210-780-6 FEMA 2945 Synonyms: 3-(2-Furanyl)-2-furan acrylic acid propyl ester; n-Propyl-2-furanacrylate; Propyl 3-(2-furyl) acrylate; Propyl βfurylacrylate; Propyl-3-furylpropenoate Definition: Ester of n-propanol and furanacrylic acid Empirical: C10H12O3 Properties: Colorless liq., lt. strawberry apple/pear-like odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 180.21; dens. 1.0744; b.p. 236 C; ref. index 1.5229 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL n-Propyl-2-furanacrylate. See Propyl 2furanacrylate 1-Propyl 2-furancarboxylate. See Propyl 2fuorate Propyl 3-(2-furyl) acrylate; Propyl β-furylacrylate; Propyl-3-furylpropenoate. See Propyl 2furanacrylate Propyl gallate CAS 121-79-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-498-2 FEMA 2947; INS310 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Gallic acid propyl ester; PG; nPropyl gallate; Propyl 3,4,5trihydroxybenzoate; n-Propyl 3,4,5trihydroxybenzoate; 3,4,5Trihydroxybenzene-1-propylcarboxylate; 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester; 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, n-propyl ester Classification: Aromatic ester Definition: Aromatic ester of propyl alcohol and gallic acid Empirical: C10H12O5 Formula: (HO)3C6H2COOCH2CH2CH3 Properties: Ivory fine powd. or crystals, odorless, sl. bitter taste; sol. in alcohol, ether, oils, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water, 2-butanol; m.w. 212.22; m.p. 147-149 C; b.p. dec. > 148 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3.8 g/kg, (IP, rat) 0.38 g/kg; poison by ing. and IP routes; a sensitizer but not a primary irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizers; darkens in presence of iron and iron salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, feed, flavors, chewing gum; antioxidant migrating from food pkg. Features: Synergistic with BHA and BHT Use Level: 0.01-0.1% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110, 172.615, 175.125, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 177.1010, 177.1210, 177.1350, 181.22, 181.24 (0.005% migrating from food pkg.), 184.1660 (0.02% max. of fat or oil), 582.3660, GRAS; Canada DSL; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (0.1 g/kg max.); Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for intramuscular injectables, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Acatris http://www.acatris.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aerchem http://www.aerchem.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com 1839

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Clariant UK http://www.clariant.co.uk Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Davos Chem. http://www.davos.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; UOP http://www.uop.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com; Yasho Ind. http://www.yashoindustries.com Trade Names: Avox™ Propyl Gallate; Progallin® P; Tenox® PG Trade Names Containing: Antrancine® 19; Antrancine® 20 CH-P; Avox™ 2; Avox™ 6; Avox™ 7 Avox™ S-1; Avox™ S-2; Tenox® 2; Tenox® 6; Tenox® 7 Tenox® S-1; Tenox® S-2 n-Propyl gallate. See Propyl gallate 4-Propylguaiacol; p-Propylguaiacol; p-nPropylguaiacol; 4-Propylguaiacolcatechol. See Dihydroeugenol

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Propyl heptanoate CAS 7778-87-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-917-6 FEMA 2948 Synonyms: Heptanoic acid propyl ester; Propyl heptoate; Propyl heptylate Empirical: C10H20O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)5CO2CH2CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; strong ether-like odor; sol. in most common org. solvents; insol. in water; m.w. 172.27; dens. 0.869; m.p. -64 C; b.p. 208 C; flash pt. (TCC) 170 F; ref. index .1.4110-1.4260 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Propyl heptoate; Propyl heptylate. See Propyl heptanoate Propyl hexanoate CAS 626-77-7; EINECS/ELINCS 210-963-0 FEMA 2949 Synonyms: Hexanoic acid propyl ester; Propyl caproate; n-Propyl hexanoate Classification: Nonaromatic ester Empirical: C9H18O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; fruity, ester-like, tropical odor; insol. in water; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 158.24; dens. 0.867; vapor dens. 5.4; m.p. -96 C; b.p. 187 C; flash pt. 63 C; ref. index 1.4120 Toxicology: Skin, eye, respiratory system irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; wear protective gloves, splash-proof goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep in original, tightly closed container Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Oxford Chems. Ltd 1840

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com n-Propyl hexanoate. See Propyl hexanoate Propyl hydride. See Propane 5-Propyl-o-hydroxyanisole. See Dihydroeugenol Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; n-Propyl phydroxybenzoate; Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate. See Propylparaben n-Propyl-4-hydroxybenzoate potassium salt. See Potassium propylparaben Propyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, sodium salt; Propylp-hydroxybenzoate, sodium salt. See Sodium propylparaben Propylic alcohol. See Propyl alcohol Propylic aldehyde. See Propionaldehyde n-Propylidene butyraldehyde. See cis-4-Hepten1-al 3-Propylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone; Propylidene phthalide. See 3Propylidenephthalide 3-Propylidenephthalide CAS 17369-59-4; EINECS/ELINCS 241-402-8 FEMA 2952 Synonyms: 3-Propylidene-1(3H)isobenzofuranone; Propylidene phthalide Empirical: C11H10O2 Properties: Liq.; celery, spicy, warm odor/taste; insol. in water; m.w. 174.20; dens. 1.122; m.p. 5 C; b.p. 170 C (12 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.5860 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1650 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 2.5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Frutarom Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Propyl isobutyrate CAS 644-49-5; EINECS/ELINCS 211-417-4 FEMA 2936 Synonyms: Isobutyric acid propyl ester; 2Methyl propanoic acid propyl ester; nPropyl isobutyrate; Propyl 2-methyl propanoate Empirical: C7H14O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCO2CH2CH2CH3 Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 130.19; flash pt. 29 C Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Pineapple-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com n-Propyl isobutyrate. See Propyl isobutyrate Propyl isopentanoate. See Propyl isovalerate Propyl isovalerate CAS 557-00-6; EINECS/ELINCS 209-148-2 FEMA 2960 Synonyms: Isovaleric acid propyl ester; Propyl isopentanoate; n-Propyl isovalerate; Propyl 3-methylbutyrate; n-Propyl-βmethylbutyrate Empirical: C8H16O2 Properties: Colorless mobile liq., fruity odor, bittersweet flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 144.21; dens. 0.8617; b.p. 156157 C; flash pt. 47 C; ref. index 1.4031 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rabbit) 8222 mg/kg Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com 1841

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference n-Propyl isovalerate. See Propyl isovalerate Propyl ketone. See 4-Heptanone Propyl lactate CAS 616-09-1; EINECS/ELINCS 210-464-8 Classification: Ester Empirical: C6H12O3 Properties: Flash pt. (CC) 64 C Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Propyl mercaptan CAS 107-03-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-455-5 FEMA 3521 Synonyms: Mercaptan C3; 3Mercaptopropanol; 1-Propanethiol; Propane-1-thiol; 1-Propyl mercaptan; nPropyl mercaptan; n-Thiopropyl alcohol Classification: Saturated aliphatic mercaptan Empirical: C3H8S Formula: CH3CH2CH2SH Properties: Colorless mobile liq., offensive cabbage-like odor; sol. in ethanol, other alcohols, acetone, diethyl ether, benzene, propylene glycol, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 76.16; dens. 0.840 (20/4 C); m.p. 113 C; b.p. 67-68 C; flash pt. -20 C; ref. index 1.438 (20 C); very weak acid Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1790 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 515 mg/kg; primary irritant; avoid skin contact Precaution: Highly flamm.; dangerous fire risk; stench Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx, hydrogen sulfide Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 1-Propyl mercaptan; n-Propyl mercaptan. See Propyl mercaptan n-Propyl methanoate. See Propyl formate Propylmethanol. See Butyl alcohol Propyl methoxybenzene. See p-Propyl anisole Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1-Propyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzene; 4Propyl-2-methoxyphenol. See Dihydroeugenol Propyl-2-methylbutyrate CAS 37064-20-3; EINECS/ELINCS 253-329-9 Classification: Ester Empirical: C8H16O2 Properties: Colorless liq.; powerful. fresh-fruity, pineapple-apple odor; insol. in water; m.w. 144.21; sp.gr. 0.862-0.868; b.p. 156 C; acid no. 1; flash pt. (CC) 42 C; ref. index 1.3991.406 Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Propyl 3-methylbutyrate; n-Propyl-βmethylbutyrate. See Propyl isovalerate 2-Propyl-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane. See Butyraldehyde propylene glycol acetal Propyl 2-methyl propanoate. See Propyl isobutyrate Propyl nonanoate; Propyl nonan-1-oate. See Propyl pelargonate Propylparaben CAS 94-13-3; EINECS/ELINCS 202-307-7 FEMA 2951; INS216; E216 Synonyms: 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester; p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester; p-Hydroxypropyl benzoate; Propyl 4hydroxybenzoate; n-Propyl phydroxybenzoate; Propyl phydroxybenzoate; Propyl parahydroxybenzoate; Propyl parasept Classification: Organic ester; aromatic alcohol Definition: Ester of n-propyl alcohol and phydroxybenzoic acid Empirical: C10H12O3 Properties: Colorless cryst. or wh. powd., sl. char. odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, acetone, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in boiling water; m.w. 180.22; m.p. 95-98 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 6332 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 1650 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by subcut. route; mildly toxic by ing.; an allergen; inh. of powd. may cause respiratory irritation; may cause asthma, rashes, hyperactivity, eye and skin irritation, contact dermatitis; TSCA listed Precaution: Conc. dust may present an 1842

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference explosion hazard; incompat. with alkalis and strong oxidizing agents; burning may produce phenolic vapors and CO Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, preservative, antimicrobial, mold control agent in foods, sausage casings; antimycotic migrating from food pkg. Use Level: 0.003-1%; 0.03% (eye wash); 0.0030.05% (drug extracts); 0.05% (tablets); 0.04% (ointment bases); 0.1% (suppositories); 0.5% max. (as benzoic acid, in finished cosmetics) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §150.141, 150.161, 172.515, 181.22, 181.23, 184.1670; FEMA GRAS; USA CIR approved, EPA reg.; Japan listed; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL; FDA approved for injectables, parenterals, intravenous, ophthalmics, orals, rectals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chem-Supply http://www.chemsupply.com.au; Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com CoKEM Assoc.; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com GMI Prods. http://www.gmioriginates.com/; Goldlink Industries http://www.goldlinkindustries.com; ISP Sutton Labs; Inolex http://www.inolex.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/ Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names: Nipasol M Trade Names Containing: Methyl/Propyl Parbens (3/1) NF; Nipastat®; Sporban Regular Propylparaben, potassium salt. See Potassium propylparaben Propylparaben sodium; Propylparaben sodium salt. See Sodium propylparaben Propyl parahydroxybenzoate; Propyl parasept. See Propylparaben Propyl pelargonate CAS 6513-03-7; EINECS/ELINCS 229-403-1 Synonyms: Nonanoic acid propyl ester; Propyl nonanoate; Propyl nonan-1-oate Classification: Ester Empirical: C12H24O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; fermented odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.87000 @ 15 C; b.p. 237 C; m.w. 200.32; flash pt. (TCC) 210 F; ref. index 1.429 ± 0.02 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Propyl phenethyl acetal. See Acetaldehyde 1843

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference phenethyl propyl acetal α-Propylphenethyl alcohol CAS 705-73-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-887-0 FEMA 2953 Synonyms: Benzylbutyl alcohol; Benzylpropyl carbinol; Benzyl-n-propyl carbinol; 1Phenyl-2-pentanol; DL-1-Phenylpentan-2-ol Classification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C11H16O Properties: Colorless oily liq., mild green sweet odor; sol. in alcohol; almost insol. in water; m.w. 164.25; dens. 0.98; b.p. 247 C; flash pt. 221 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com 4-Propylphenol CAS 645-56-7; EINECS/ELINCS 211-446-2 FEMA 3649 Synonyms: Dihydrochavicol; 1- Hydroxy-4-Npropyl benzene; p- Hydroxypropyl benzene; p-Propylphenol Classification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C9H12O Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 136.19; dens. 0.983; m.p. 21-22 C; b.p. 232 C; flash pt. 232 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 81 mg/kg, (skin, mammal) 2150 mg/kg; poison by ing. and IP routes; mod. toxic by skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, hard and soft candy, puddings, beverages, confectionery, frostings, jams, jellies, chewing gum Features: Medicinal, phenolic odor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Propylphenol. See 4-Propylphenol Propyl phenylacetate CAS 4606-15-9; EINECS/ELINCS 225-012-5 FEMA 2955 Synonyms: n-Propyl thioacetate; n-Propyl-αtoluate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Definition: Ester of n-propanol and phenylacetic acid Empirical: C11H14O2 Properties: Colorless liq., honey-like apricot-rose odor, sweet honey-like taste; sol. in alcohol; almost insol. in water; m.w. 178.23; dens. 0.990 (15.5 C); b.p. 253 C; flash pt. 106 C; ref. index 1.4955 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Apricot, honey-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trade Names: Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347 Propyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate; N-Propyl 3phenyl propenoate. See Propyl cinnamate Propyl propanoate. See Propyl propionate Propyl propionate CAS 106-36-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-389-7 UN 3272 (DOT; UN IATA); FEMA 2958 Synonyms: Propanoic acid, propyl ester; Propionic acid, propyl ester; Propyl propanoate; n-Propyl propionate Empirical: C6H12O2 Formula: CH3CH2COOCH2CH2CH3 Properties: Clear liq., complex fruity odor; sol. in 200 parts water; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 116.16; dens. 0.881 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 10 mm Hg (19.4 C); m.p. -76 C; b.p. 120-122 C; flash pt. 22 C; ref. index 1.3935 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 10,331 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., unspecified mammal) 16,900 mg/m3; mod. toxic by ing.; very mildly toxic by inh.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 60 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI 1844

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Dow http://www.dow.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com n-Propyl propionate. See Propyl propionate n-Propyl thioacetate; n-Propyl-α-toluate. See Propyl phenylacetate Propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate; n-Propyl 3,4,5trihydroxybenzoate. See Propyl gallate Propyl trisulfide; Propyl trithio propane. See Dipropyl trisulfide Prostearin. See Propylene glycol stearate Protease CAS 9014-01-1; 9074-09-3; 9074-07-1; 9073-783; 9025-49-4; 76774-43-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-752-2; 232-642-4 INS1101(i) Synonyms: Alcalase; Bacillus subtilis Carlsberg; Detergent enzyme; Maxatase; Protease, bacterial, alkaline; Proteinase; Proteolytic enzymes; Subtilisin; Subtilisin Carlsberg; Subtilisins Classification: Enzyme Properties: Gran.; sol. in water; m.w. ≈ 27,000 Toxicology: TWA 0.00006 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 3700 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary irritant to eyes, skin, respiratory tract; sensitizer; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Hygroscopic; packaged under argon; freeze Uses: Enzyme for hydrolysis of protein, for use in food processing; flour treatment agent, stabilizer, tenderizer, flavor enhancer in foods Regulatory: Canada, Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Am. Biorganics; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; PMP Fermentation Prods. http://www.pmpinc.com; Pangaea Sciences Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.pangaeasciences.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Acid Protease DS; Alcalase®; Enzeco® Dual Protease; Enzeco® Fungal Acid Protease; Enzeco® Fungal Protease Concentrate Enzeco® Neutral Bacterial Protease 2X; HTProteolytic® 200N; HT-Proteolytic® Conc.; Neutrase® 1.5 MG; Papain Concentrate Protease A Amano 2; Protease A-DS; Protease DS; Protease M Amano; Protease N Amano Protease P Amano 6; Protex 50FP; WheatEze® Trade Names Containing: Biodiastase 1000; Enzobake®; Enzopharm®; MLO®; Muffin Aid® Pancreatin 3X USP Powder; Pancreatin 4X USP Granular; Pancreatin 4X USP Powder; Pancreatin 5X USP Powder; Pancreatin 6X USP Powder Pancreatin 8X USP Powder; Pancreatin BP 98; Pancreatin USP 23; Pancrelipase USP Powder; Proflex SPL Pancreatin 4X USP; SPL Pancreatin 6X USP; SPL Pancreatin 8X USP; SPL Pancrelipase USP Protease, bacterial, alkaline. See Protease Protein, animal, hydrolyzed. See Hydrolyzed collagen Proteinase. See Protease Protein-glutamine-γ-glutamyltransferase. See Transglutaminase Protein, glutens, corn. See Corn (Zea mays) gluten protein Protein hydrolysate. See Hydrolyzed collagen Protein hydrolysates. See Hydrolyzed protein Protein hydrolysates, milk. See Hydrolyzed milk protein Protein hydrolysates, vegetable. See Hydrolyzed vegetable protein Protein hydrolysates, wheat germ. See Hydrolyzed wheat protein Proteins, collagen, hydrolysate. See Hydrolyzed collagen Proteins, glycine soya. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Proteins, milk. See Casein Proteins, milk, hydrolysate. See Hydrolyzed milk protein Proteins, milk, hydrolysates. See Hydrolyzed 1845

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference casein Proteins, soy. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Proteins, triticum vulgare. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein Proteins, vegetable, hydrolysate. See Hydrolyzed vegetable protein Proteins, wheat. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein Proteins, wheat, hydrolyzed. See Hydrolyzed wheat protein Protein, vegetable, hydrolyzed. See Hydrolyzed vegetable protein Protein, whey. See Whey protein Proteolytic enzymes. See Protease Protocatechualdehyde dimethyl ether. See Veratraldehyde Protocatechualdehyde, methyl-. See Vanillin Protocatechuic aldehyde dimethyl ether. See Veratraldehyde Protocatechuic aldehyde ethyl ether. See Ethyl vanillin Protocatechuic aldehyde methylene ether. See Heliotropine Protovanol. See Vanilla Provitamin A. See Carotene Provitamin B5. See D-Panthenol; DL-Panthenol Prunolide. See γ-Nonalactone Prunus amygdalus. See Bitter almond (Prunus amybdalus) extract; Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil Prunus amygdalus amara extract. See Bitter almond (Prunus amybdalus) extract Prunus amygdalus amara oil. See Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil Prunus amygdalus extract. See Bitter almond (Prunus amybdalus) extract Prunus amygdalus oil. See Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil Prunus armeniaca; Prunus armeniaca oil. See Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil Prunus avium; Prunus avium oil. See Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) pit oil Prunus cerasus. See Cherry pit extract Prunus dulcis. See Sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) oil Prunus laurocerasus; Prunus laurocerasus leaves. See Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) leaves Prunus laurocerasus oil. See Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) oil Prunus persica. See Peach (Prunus persica) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

kernel oil; Peach (Prunus persica) kernel extract; Peach (Prunus persica) leaf extract Prunus persica kernel extract. See Peach (Prunus persica) kernel extract Prunus persica leaf extract; Prunus persica leaves extract. See Peach (Prunus persica) leaf extract Prunus serotina; Prunus serotina bark extract; Prunus serotina extract. See Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) bark extract Prunus spinosa. See Blackthorn berries (Prunus spinosa); Sloe (Prunus spinosa) berries extract Prunus spinosa berries. See Blackthorn berries (Prunus spinosa) Prunus spinosa berries extract. See Sloe (Prunus spinosa) berries extract PS. See Polystyrene Pseudoacetic acid. See Propionic acid Pseudocapsaicin. See Nonanoyl 4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzylamide Pseudopinen; Pseudopinene. See β-Pinene Pseudourea. See Urea Psidium guajava; Psidium guajava extract. See Guava (Psidium guajava) extract PSU. See Polysulfone resin Psyllium CAS 8063-16-9 Synonyms: Psyllium gum; Psyllium husks; Psyllium powd.; Psyllium seed husks Definition: Vegetable mucilage preparation Properties: Dark-reddish brn., odorless, almost tasteless Uses: Stabilizer for foods, ice cream, ice milk, sherbet; nutritional supplements; food supplement for animal feed Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §135 Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com Trade Names Containing: Merecol® IC; 1846

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Merecol® SH; Merecol® Y Psyllium gum; Psyllium husks; Psyllium powd.; Psyllium seed husks. See Psyllium Pterocarpus santalinus. See Red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus) Pteroylglutamic acid; Pteroylmonoglutamic acid. See Folic acid Pudding Grass; Pulegium. See Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) extract d-β-Pulegomenthol. See d-Neomenthol Pulegon. See d-Pulegone Pulegone CAS 15932-80-6 FEMA 2963 Synonyms: 1-Isopropylidene-4-methyl-2cyclohexanone; 4(8)-Menthen-3-one; d-pMenth-4(8)-en-3-one; p-Menth-4(8)-en-3one; 1-Methyl-4-isopropylidene-3cyclohexanone Classification: Ketone Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Oily liq.; pleasant odor of peppermint/camphor; misc. with alcohol, ether, chloroform; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 152.24; dens. 0.936 (20/4 C); b.p. 223-224 C; flash pt. 55 C; ref. index 1.487 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 470 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 150 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 1709 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3090 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, subcut. routes; may cause convulsions, brain/blood changes; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Minty flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; u Manuf./Distrib.: Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com See also d-Pulegone Pulegone; (+)-Pulegone; (+)-(R)-Pulegone. See d-Pulegone d-Pulegone CAS 89-82-7; EINECS/ELINCS 201-943-2 FEMA 2963 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Cyclohexanone, 5-methyl-2-(1methylethylidene)-, (R)-; (R)-2Isopropylidene-5-methylcyclohexanone; (R)-(+)-p-Menth-4(8)-en-3-one; (R)-p-Menth4(8)-en-3-one; (R)-5-Methyl-2-(1methylethylidene) cyclohexanone; Pulegon; Pulegone; (+)-Pulegone; (+)-(R)-Pulegone; (R)-(+)-Pulegone Classification: Nonaromatic ketone Definition: Ketone found in pennyroyal and dedeoma oil Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Oily liq.; pleasant odor of peppermint/camphor; misc. with alcohol, ether, chloroform; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 152.26; dens. 0.936; b.p. 224 C; flash pt. 185 F; ref. index 1.4870 Toxicology: LDLo (IV, dog) 330 mg/kg; toxic; poison by IV route; may cause cardiac and vascular changes; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com (R)-(+)-Pulegone. See d-Pulegone Pullulanase from [l]Klebsiella pneumoniae[r] CAS 9075-68-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-983-9 Synonyms: Amylopectin 6-gluconohydrolase Classification: Enzyme Properties: Wh. powd. Uses: Enzyme in foods for prod. of maltose Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Punica granatum; Punica granatum bark extract. See Pomegranate (Punica granatum) bark extract Pure quartz. See Quartz Purified gum spirits. See Turpentine Purified oxgall. See Ox bile extract Purified water. See Water 1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3.7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl. See Caffeine Purple amaranth. See Amaranthus cruentus 1847

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Purple medick extract. See Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) extract Purple salt. See Potassium permanganate PVA. See Polyvinyl acetate; Polyvinyl alcohol PVAc. See Polyvinyl acetate PVAL; PVAL, hydrolyzed; PVOH. See Polyvinyl alcohol PVP CAS 9003-39-8; EINECS/ELINCS 201-800-4 INS1201; E1201 Synonyms: 1-Ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone homopolymer; 1-Ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone polymers; Poly[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) ethylene]; Polyvidone; Polyvidonum; Poly (n-vinylbutyrolactam); Poly (1-vinyl-2pyrrolidinone) homopolymer; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Povidone; PVPP; NVinylbutyrolactam polymer; 1-Vinyl-2pyrrolidinone polymer; Vinyl pyrrolidone homopolymer; N-Vinylpyrrolidone polymer Classification: Synthetic linear polymer Definition: Polymer of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone monomers Empirical: (C6H9NO)x Properties: Wh. to lt. yel. amorphous powd., odorless; sol. in water, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohol, chloroform, amines, nitroparaffins, lower m.w. fatty acids, org. solvs.; m.w. ≈ 10,000, ≈ 24,000, ≈ 40,000 (food use), ≈ 160,000, ≈ 360,000 (beer); dens. 1.231.29; pH 3.0-7.0 (5% aq.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 100 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 12 g/kg; mildly toxic by IP and IV routes; potent histamine-releasing agent in animals; questionable carcinogen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store @ R.T. Uses: Clarifier for beer, wine, vinegar; tableting adjuvant in flavor concs.; stabilizer, bodying agent, dispersant, color diluent, clarifier in foods, confectionery, fruit, gum, tableted nonnutritive sweeteners, vitamin/mineral concs.; coatings for fresh citrus fruits Use Level: 3-5%; 0.03-0.9% (injectable drug prods.); 1-50 mg (oral dosage forms) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 73.1001, 172.210, 173.50, 173.55, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210; BATF 27CFR Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

§240.1051; FDA approved for parenterals, intramuscular injectables, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; DanChem Tech. http://www.danchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/ Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; ISP http://www.ispcorp.com/; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Plasdone® C-15; Plasdone® C30; Plasdone® K-25; Plasdone® K-29/32; Plasdone® K-90 PVPP. See Crospovidone; PVP 2H-Pyran-2,4(3H)-dione, 3-acetyl-6-methyl-, monosodium salt. See Sodium 1848

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference dehydroacetate Pyran, 2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-4methyltetrahydro-. See Tetrahydro-4-methyl2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-2H-pyran 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2-methyl-3-(1-oxopropoxy)-; 4HPyran-4-one, 2-methyl-3-(1-oxypropoxy)-. See Maltyl propionate 2H-Pyran, tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1propenyl)-. See Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2methyl-1-propenyl)-2H-pyran Pyrazine CAS 290-37-9; EINECS/ELINCS 206-027-6 FEMA 4015 Synonyms: 1,4-Diazabenzene; 1,4-Diazine; pDiazine; Paradiazine; Piazine Empirical: C4H4N2 Properties: Deliquescent crystals or wax-like solid; a pungent, sweet, corn-like, nutty odor; freely sol. in water and organic solvents; very sol. in ethanol; m.w. 80.09; sp. gr. 1.031; m.p. 53-56 C; b.p. 115-116 C; flash pt. 132 F Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 2730 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Pyrazine, 2,3-diethyl-. See 2,3-Diethylpyrazine Pyrazine, 2-methyl. See 2-Methylpyrazine 1-Pyrazinylethanone; Pyrazin-1-ylethan-1-one; 1Pyrazin-2-yl-ethanone. See 2-Acetylpyrazine 1H-Pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, 4,5-dihydro-5oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-4-[(4-sulfophenyl) azo]-, trisodium salt. See FD&C Yellow No. 5; Tartrazine 1-(3-Pyridenyl) ethanone. See 3-Acetylpyridine Pyridine CAS 110-86-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-809-9 UN 1282 (DOT); FEMA 2966 Synonyms: Azabenzene; Azine Classification: Heterocyclic aromatic compd. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C5H5N Formula: NCHCHCHCHCH Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., char. disagreeable odor, sharp burning taste; sol. in water, alcohol, ether, chloroform, petrol. ether, oils, other org. liqs.; misc. with oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; m.w. 79.10; dens. 0.98272 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 10 mm Hg (13.2 C); m.p. -41.6 C; b.p. 115-116 C; flash pt. (CC) 20 C; ref. index 1.510 (20 C); pH 8.5 (0.2 molar sol'n. in water) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 1.58 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1121 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing., IV, subcut.; may cause human CNS depression, irritation of skin and respiratory tract; may cause severe corrosive damage to eyes; ing. may cause mouth/throat irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; large doses may produce GI disturbances, kidney/liver damage, convulsions, unconsciousness, death; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Highly flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; volatile with steam; incompat. with oxidizing materials, strong acids or bases, formamide, iodine, maleic anhydride, silver perchlorate, perchromates, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of NOx NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 177.1580, 177.1585; FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Daicel Chem. Ind. http://www.daicel.co.jp; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Global Chemsources http://www.globalchemsources.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/ Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Integra 1849

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.integrachem.com; Koei Chem. http://www.koeichem.com; Kowa Am. http://www.kowa.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Raschig; Reagents http://www.reagents.com Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vertellus Specialties http://www.vertellus.com/; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Pyridine-3-carbonic acid. See Nicotinic acid 3-Pyridinecarboxamide. See Niacinamide Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid; 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid; Pyridine-β-carboxylic acid. See Nicotinic acid 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid aluminum salt. See Aluminum nicotinate Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid amide; 3Pyridinecarboxylic acid amide. See Niacinamide 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl nicotinate 3,4-Pyridinedimethanol, 5-hydroxy-6-methyl-. See Pyridoxine Pyridine, 2,6-dimethyl-. See 2,6-Lutidine Pyridine, 3-ethyl-. See 3-Ethylpyridine 1-Pyridin-3-yl ethanone. See 3-Acetylpyridine Pyridoxine CAS 65-23-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-603-0 Synonyms: 4,5-Bis-hydroxymethyl-2methylpyridin-3-ol; 4,5-Dimethylol-3hydroxy-2-methylpyridine; 3-Hydroxy-4,5dimethylol-α-picoline; 5-Hydroxy-6-methyl3,4-pyridinedimethanol; 3-Hydroxy-2picoline-4,5-dimethanol; 2-Methyl-4,5-bis (hydroxymethyl)-3-hydroxypyridine; 2Methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis (hydroxymethyl) pyridine; 2-Methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5dihydroxymethyl pyridine; 3,4Pyridinedimethanol, 5-hydroxy-6-methyl-; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Pyridoxol; Pyroxidine; Vitamin B6 Classification: 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic Definition: Avail. commercially as the hydrochloride, phosphate, or tripalmitate derivs. Empirical: C8H11NO3 Properties: Needles; m.w. 169.20; m.p. 159-162 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 966 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 3100 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 657 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., subcut., IV, IP routes; irritant; human systemic effects (ataxia, local anesthetic, paresthesia); TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Vitamin, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 184.1555, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; GDL Int'l. http://www.gdlinternational.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/ RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; 1850

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Pyridoxine HCl CAS 58-56-0; EINECS/ELINCS 200-386-2 Synonyms: Adermine hydrochloride; 3Hydroxy-4,5-dihydroxymethyl-2methylpyridine HCl; 3-Hydroxy-4,5dimethylol-α-picoline hydrochloride; 5Hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4-pyridinedicarbinol hydrochloride; 5-Hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4pyridinedimethanol hydrochloride; 2Methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis (hydroxymethyl) pyridine hydrochloride; Pyridoxine hydrochloride; Pyridoxinium chloride; Pyridoxinum hydrochloride; Pyridoxol hydrochloride; Vitamin B6 hydrochloride Classification: Substituted aromatic compd. Empirical: C8H11NO3 • ClH Properties: Colorless to wh. platelets or cryst. powd., odorless; sol. in water, alcohol, acetone, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in other org. solvs.; insol. in ether, chloroform; m.w. 205.66; m.p. 204-206 C (dec.); pH 2.0-3.5 (5% aq.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4000 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 530 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 3 g/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; prolonged high doses may cause ataxia; human reproductive effects; experimental teratogen; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx and HCl Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, baked goods, nonalcoholic beverages, breakfast cereals, dairy prods., meat prods., milk prods., plant protein prods., snack foods, infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 107.100, 184.1676, GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Charles Bowman Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.charlesbowman.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Daiichi Fine Chems. https://www.daiichi-fcj.co.jp/eng/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Unipex http://www.unipex.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Pyridoxine Hydrochloride USP, FCC Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SK Fortified; Bioblend # 7; Bonus Blend; Descote® Pyridoxine Hydrochoride 331/3% Pyridoxine hydrochloride; Pyridoxinium chloride; Pyridoxinum hydrochloride. See Pyridoxine HCl Pyridoxol. See Pyridoxine Pyridoxol hydrochloride. See Pyridoxine HCl 2-pyridyl methyl ketone. See 2-Acetylpyridine Pyroacetic acid; Pyroacetic ether. See Acetone Pyrobenzol; Pyrobenzole. See Benzene Pyrocarbonic acid dimethyl ester. See Dimethyl dicarbonate Pyrocatechol dimethyl ether. See oDimethoxybenzene Pyrocatechol methyl ether. See Guaiacol Pyrocellulose. See Cellulose Pyrodextrin. See Dextrin Pyrogallol dimethyl ether; Pyrogallol 1,3dimethyl ether. See 2,6-Dimethoxy phenol Pyroguaiac acid. See Guaiacol Pyroligneous acid CAS 8030-97-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-450-0 FEMA 2967 Synonyms: Pyroligneous acid extract; Pyroligneous liquor; Pyroligneous vinegar; Wood vinegar Definition: Mixt. of materials derived from wood distillation, contg. methanol, acetic acid, acetone, furfural, various tars, etc. Properties: Yel. to red liq.; acetic acid and wood 1851

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference tar odor; sol. in alcohol and propylene glycol; misc. with water and alcohol; sp. gr. 1.07-1.09; flash pt. (TCC) 112 F Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in smoked meats Features: Sweet hickory smoky, with burnt and charred woody notes, smoked meaty and bacon-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Pyroligneous acid extract CAS 8028-47-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-432-2 FEMA 2968 Synonyms: 'Liquid smoke'; Pyroligneous acids extracts; Pyroligneous vinegar Definition: Extract derived from pyroligneous acid which is the condensed volatile material obtained from the destructive distillation of wood Properties: Yel. to red liq., smoke odor; dens. 1.018-1.030 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Pyroligneous acid extract. See Pyroligneous acid Pyroligneous acids ethyl esters. See Ethyl oxyhydrate Pyroligneous acids extracts. See Pyroligneous acid extract Pyroligneous vinegar. See Pyroligneous acid; Pyroligneous acid extract Pyroligneus acid. See Acetic acid Pyromucic acid. See 2-Furoic acid Pyromucic acid methyl ester. See Methyl 2furoate Pyromucic aldehyde. See Furfural Pyrophyllite. See Aluminum silicate Pyroracemic acid. See Pyruvic acid Pyroracemic aldehyde. See Pyruvaldehyde Pyrosulfurous acid disodium salt. See Sodium metabisulfite Pyroxidine. See Pyridoxine Pyroxylic spirit. See Methyl alcohol Pyrrole CAS 109-97-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-724-7 FEMA 3386 Synonyms: 1-Aza-2,4-cyclopentadiene; Azole; Divinylenimine; Imidole; Monopyrrole Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Definition: Constituent of coal tar and bone oil Empirical: C4H5N Formula: CH=CHNHCH=CH Properties: Colorless to yel.-brn. oily liq.; chloroform-like odor; burning, pungent taste; sol. in alcohol, ether, dil. acids, fixed oils, benzene; insol. in water, dil. alkalis; m.w. 67.09; dens. 0.966 (20/4 C); f.p. -24 C; b.p. 129-131 C; flash pt. 36 C; ref. index 1.5091 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 98 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 61 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, rabbit) 147 mg/kg; poison by ing., subcut., IP routes; toxic by inh.; harmful liq.; irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; mod. fire risk; readily polymerizes by action of light and turns brown; can react with oxidizers; violent reaction with 2-nitrobenzaldehyde Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Photosensitive; protect from moisture; store under nitrogen; refrigerate Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 1H-Pyrrole, 1-(2-furanylmethyl)-; Pyrrole, 1furfuryl-. See 1-Furfuryl-1H-pyrrole 2-Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid; Pyrrolidine-2carboxylic acid. See L-Proline 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, homopolymer. See Crospovidone 1-(1H-Pyrrol-2-yl) ethanone. See 2-Acetylpyrrole Pyrus cydonia; Pyrus cydonia seed. See Quince (Pyrus cydonia) seed Pyruvaldehyde CAS 78-98-8; EINECS/ELINCS 201-164-8 FEMA 2969 Synonyms: Acetyl formaldehyde; Acetylformyl; 1-Ketopropionaldehyde; 2Ketopropionaldehyde; αKetopropionaldehyde; Methylglyoxal; 2Oxopropanal; Propanedione; Propanolone; Pyroracemic aldehyde; Pyruvic aldehyde Empirical: C3H4O2 Formula: CH3COCHO Properties: Yel. mobile liq., pungent stinging 1852

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference odor, caramellic sweet odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, benzene; m.w. 72.06; dens. 1.178; b.p. 72 C; ref. index 1.4002 (17.5 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1165 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 179 mg/kg; harmful liq.; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; eye irritant; tumorigen; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Caramel flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Pyruvic acid CAS 127-17-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-824-3 UN 3265 (DOT; UN IATA); FEMA 2970 Synonyms: Acetylformic acid; 2Ketopropionic acid; α-Ketopropionic acid; 2-Oxopropanoic acid; 2-Oxopropionic acid; Propanoic acid, 2-oxo-; Pyroracemic acid Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Empirical: C3H4O3 Formula: CH3COCOOH Properties: Colorless liq., acetic acid odor; misc. with water, alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 88.06; dens. 1.265 (20/4 C); m.p. 11.8 C; b.p. 165 C (760 mm, dec.); flash pt. 82 C; ref. index 1.4138 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (subcut., mouse) 3533 mg/kg; corrosive; causes burns; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; polymerizes and dec. on standing unless pure and kept in airtight container; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Unstable in storage; air- and lightsensitive; store refrigerated in airtight container; handle under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Musashino Chem. Lab http://www.musashino.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Pyruvic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl pyruvate Pyruvic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium pyruvate Pyruvic aldehyde. See Pyruvaldehyde Pyruvophenone. See 1-Phenyl-1,2propanedione Quartz CAS 14808-60-7; EINECS/ELINCS 238-878-4 Synonyms: Agate; Amethyst; Chalcedony; Crystalline silica; Flint; Free crystalline silica; Onyx; Pure quartz; Quartz glass; Rose quartz; Sand; Sea sand; Silica; Silica, crystalline quartz; Silica flour; Silica glass; Silica, quartz; Silicic anhydride; Silicon dioxide Classification: Inorg. silicon compd. Definition: Crystallized silicon dioxide Empirical: O2Si Formula: SiO2 Properties: Wh. to reddish cryst. solid; odorless; insol. in acids except HF; insol. in water; m.w. 60.08 dens. 2.65; m.p. 1713 C; b.p. 2230 C; hardness (Mohs) 7; stable below 8 C; noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (respirable fraction); LDLo (IV, rat) 90 mg/kg; TDLo (IP, rat) 45 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., human, 10 yr., intermittent) 300 µg/m3; 1853

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference harmful dust; poison by intratracheal and IV routes; hazard by inh.; human systemic effects by inh. (cough, dyspnea, liver effects); can cause serious lung disease, death; irritating to eyes, respiratory system; confirmed carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, neoplastigenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with OF2, vinyl acetate, strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store in sealed containers or enclosed areas; protect from damage; minimize airborne dust Regulatory: Canada DSL; Korea ECL (no. 92125667); Japan ENCS (no. 1-548); Australia AICS; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Archway Sales http://www.archwaysales.com; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com L.V. Lomas http://www.lvlomas.com; Malvern Mins. http://www.malvernminerals.com/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; U.S. Silica http://www.u-s-silica.com; Unimin http://www.unimin.com Trade Names Containing: Terra Alba See also Novaculite; Silica Quartz glass. See Quartz Quassia CAS 68915-32-2; EINECS/ELINCS 272-809-9 FEMA 2971 Synonyms: Bitter ash; Bitter wood; Picrasma excelsa; Quassia amara Definition: Wood of Picrasma excelsa or Quassia amara, contg. bitter principle quassin Properties: Ylsh-wh. to bright yel. chips or fibrous coarse grains, sl. odor, very bitter taste Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; surrogate for hops Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Quassia amara. See Quassia Quaternary ammonium compds., benzyl-C8-18alkyldimethyl, chlorides. See Benzalkonium chloride Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Quaternary ammonium compds., benzylcoco alkyldimethyl, chlorides. See Cocoalkonium chloride Quaternary ammonium compds., carboxymethyl (coco alkyl) dimethyl hydroxides, inner salts. See Coco-betaine Quaternium-5. See Distearyldimonium chloride Quaternium-10. See Steartrimonium chloride Quaternium-12. See Didecyldimonium chloride Quaternium-14 CAS 27479-28-3; EINECS/ELINCS 248-486-5 Synonyms: Dodecyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride; Dodecyl (ethylbenzyl) dimethylammonium chloride; N-Dodecyl-arethyl-N,N-dimethylbenzenemethanaminium chloride Classification: Quaternary ammonium salt Empirical: C23H42N • Cl Properties: Water-sol.; cationic Toxicology: Causes dermatitis; TSCA listed Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative in foods; antimicrobial in cane-sugar mills Features: Effective against bacteria but not yeast Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.165, 173.320; Canada DSL Queen of the meadow extract. See Meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria) extract Quercus. See Oak root extract Quercus robur. See English oak (Quercus robur) wood Quercus robur extract; Quercus robus. See English oak (Quercus robur) extract Quicklime. See Calcium oxide Quillaia; Quillaja; Quillaja bark. See Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) CAS 68990-67-0; 977002-27-9; EINECS/ELINCS 273-620-4 FEMA 2973; INS999 Synonyms: China bark extract; Murillo bark extract; Panama bark; Panama bark extract; Panama wood extract; Quillaia; Quillaja; Quillaja bark; Quillaja saponaria; Soapbark Definition: Plant material derived from the dried bark of Quillaja saponaria contg. sapotoxin, tannin, and quillaja Properties: Lt. brn. to pink powd. or aq. sol'n.; bittersweet aromatic taste; sol. in water, alcoholic beverages Uses: Natural flavoring agent, foaming agent in carbonated beverages, bar mixes, beer, 1854

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference juices, wine coolers, schnapps, barley drinks, root beer, and other prods. needing exaggerated foam; humectant in baked goods, frozen dairy products, and puddings Regulatory: BP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Cosmetochem Int'l. http://www.cosmetochem.com/ Desert King http://www.desertking.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com Quillaja saponaria. See Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) Quince (Pyrus cydonia) seed Synonyms: Cydonia oblonga; Cydonia oblonga seed; Pyrus cydonia; Pyrus cydonia seed; Quince seed Definition: Dried seeds of the quince, Pyrus cydonia Properties: Thick jelly produced by soaking seeds in water Toxicology: May cause allergic reaction Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.40, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Quince seed. See Quince (Pyrus cydonia) seed Quinine CAS 130-95-0; EINECS/ELINCS 205-003-2 Synonyms: Cinchonan-9-ol, 6´-mnethoxy-; 6´Methoxycinchonan-9-ol; (8-α,9R)-6´Methoxycinchonan-9-ol; 6Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methoxycinchonine; α-(6-Methoxy-4quinoyl)-5-vinyl-2-quinclidinemethanol; (-)Quinine Definition: Alkaloid from bark of Cinchona officinalis Empirical: C20H24N2O2 Properties: Orthorhombic need., odorless, intense bitter taste; sol. 1 g/1900 ml water, 0.8 ml alcohol, 80 ml benzene, 1.2 ml chloroform, 20 ml glycerol, 1900 ml of 10% ammonia water; almost insol. in petroleum ether; m.w. 324.43; m.p. 175 C (dec.) Toxicology: LDLo (oral, rat) 800 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 200 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 115 mg/kg, (IV, rabbit) 70 mg/kg; poison by subcut., IV, IP, intramuscular routes; mod. toxic by ing.; human poison; skin and mucous membrane irritant; ing. of pure substance adversely affects eyes; can cause temporary loss of vision; human systemic effects by ing. (tinnitus, nausea, vomiting); experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; human teratogenic effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; dec. on exposure to light Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Photosensitive Uses: Flavoring agent in carbonated beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.575; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; SNPE Chimie http://www.snpe.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium (-)-Quinine. See Quinine Quinine bark extract. See Cinchona extract Quinine bimuriate. See Quinine dihydrochloride Quinine bisulfate CAS 549-56-4 FEMA 2975 Synonyms: Quinine sulfate Empirical: C20H26N2O6S Properties: M.w. 422.50 Toxicology: Harmful by ing., inh., skin contact; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in beverages Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de See also Quinine sulfate 1855

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Quinine chloride. See Quinine hydrochloride Quinine dichloride. See Quinine dihydrochloride Quinine dihydrochloride CAS 60-93-5 Synonyms: Acid quinine hydrochloride; 6´Methoxycinchonan-9-ol dihydrochloride; Quinine bimuriate; Quinine dichloride Empirical: C20H24N2O2 • 2ClH Properties: Wh. need. or cryst. powd., odorless, very bitter taste; sol. in water, alcohol, glycerin; sl. sol. in chloroform; very sl. sol. in ether; m.w. 397.38 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1392, mg/kg, (IV, rat) 78 mg/kg; poison by IV and subcut. routes; mod. toxic by ing.; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx and HCl Storage: Protect from light Uses: Flavoring agent for carbonated beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.575 (limitation 83 ppm); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SNPE Chimie http://www.snpe.com; Traxx Int'l. Quinine hydrochloride CAS 130-89-2 (anhyd.); 6119-47-7 (dihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 231-437-7 FEMA 2976 Synonyms: 6´-Methoxycinchonan-9-ol monohydrochloride; Quinine chloride; Quinine monohydrochloride; Quinine muriate Empirical: C20H25ClN2O2 Formula: C20H24N2O2 • HCl (anhyd.); C20H24N2O2 • HCl • 2H2O (dihydrate) Properties: Anhyd.: Needles; m.w. 360.88; m.p. 158-160 C; Dihydrate: Silky need., bitter taste; effloresces on exposure to warm air; sol. 1 g/16 ml water, 1 ml alcohol, 7 ml glycerol, 1 ml chloroform; m.w. 396.92; m.p. 115-116 C (dec.); pH 6-7 (1% aq.) Toxicology: Anhyd.: LD50 (oral, rat) 620 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 170 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 68,300 µg/kg; poison by ing., subcut., IV, IP, intramuscular routes; human systemic effects by IV (convulsions, muscle spasm, nausea, vomiting); mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx and HCl HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Photosensitive; protect from light Uses: Food additive; flavoring agent for carbonated beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.575; FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SNPE Chimie http://www.snpe.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Quinine hydrogen sulfate. See Quinine sulfate Quinine monohydrochloride; Quinine muriate. See Quinine hydrochloride Quinine sulfate CAS 804-63-7 FEMA 2977 Synonyms: Quinine bisulfate; Quinine hydrogen sulfate Empirical: C20H24N2O2 • O4S Properties: Wh. fine needle-like cryst., odorless, very bitter taste; sol. in water, alcohol; sl. sol. in chloroform; m.w. 420.52; m.p. 205 C Toxicology: LDLo (oral, mouse) 800 mg/kg; human poison and human systemic effects by ing. (blood agranulocytosis, fibrous hepatitis, flaccid paralysis without anesthesia, nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, visual changes); experimental reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with ammonia, alkalis, limewater, tannic acid, iodine, iodides, acetates, citrates, tartrates, benzoates, salicylates Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of SOx and NOx Storage: Keep well closed; protect from light Uses: Flavoring agent for carbonated beverages, quinine water, tonic water Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.575 (limitation 83 ppm); FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL 1856

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Chem-Supply http://www.chemsupply.com.au; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; SNPE Chimie http://www.snpe.com Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ See also Quinine bisulfate Quinine sulfate dihydrate CAS 6119-70-6; EINECS/ELINCS 212-359-2 UN 2811; FEMA 2977 Synonyms: Quinine sulfate (2:1) dihydrate Empirical: C40H50N4O8S • 2H2O Formula: (C20H24N2O2)2 • H2SO4 • 2H2O Properties: Dull needles or rods; sl. sol. in chloroform and ether; m.w. 782.96; m.p. 233235 C Precaution: Incompat. with ammonia, alkalis, tannic acid, iodine, citrates, tartrates, benzoates, salicylates HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light sensitive; keep well closed, protect from light Uses: Flavoring agent in carbonated beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.575; FEMA GRAS; BP, Ph.Eur. compliance Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Quinine sulfate (2:1) dihydrate. See Quinine sulfate dihydrate Quinol dimethyl ether. See pDimethoxybenzene Quinoline CAS 91-22-5; EINECS/ELINCS 202-051-6 UN 2656 (DOT); FEMA 3470 Synonyms: 1-Azanaphthalene; 1-Benzazine; 1Benzine; Benzo[b]pyridine; Chinoleine; Chinolin; Chinoline; Leucol; Leucoline Empirical: C9H7N Formula: C6H4N=CHCH=CH Properties: Colorless liq., penetrating unpleasant odor; sol. in hot water; misc. with alcohol, ether, CS2, oxygenated solvs.; difficultly sol. in cold water; m.w. 129.16; dens. 1.093 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 1 mm (59.7 C); m.p. -17 to -13 C; b.p. 236-238 C; flash pt. 92 C; ref. index 1.625 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 331 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 540 mg/kg; LDLo (IP, mouse) 64 mg/kg; toxic; poison by ing., subcut., IP routes; mod. toxic by skin contact; primary skin irritant; severe eye irritant; readily absorbed through skin; may cause retinitis; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen, tumorigen; mutagen; target organ: liver; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flames; explosive reaction possible with hydrogen peroxide; violent reaction with dinitrogen tetraoxide, perchromates; incompat. with linseed oil + thionyl chloride; maleic anhydride; unpredictably violent Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Hygroscopic; photosensitive; protect from light and moisture Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings, meats, soups 1857

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Koppers Ind. http://www.koppers.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Quinoline yellow; 2-(2-Quinolyl)-1,3-indandione disulfonic acid disodium salt. See Acid yellow 3 R 12. See Dichlorodifluoromethane R 113. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane R 115. See Chloropentafluoroethane Racemethionine. See DL-Methionine Racemic limonene. See dl-Limonene Racemic menthol. See Menthol Racemic pantothenyl alcohol. See DLPanthenol Raisin juice concentrate Definition: Pure extract of raisins Properties: Amber to dk. brn. color; natural fruity flavor; pH 2.70-3.50 Storage: Store in cool, dry area Uses: Sweetener, preservative, color enhancer for foods; sweetener, colorant, shelf life extender for breads; filling for hard candies, chocolate; moisture retention aid in chewy cakes and cookies; binder in cereal bars; flavor enhancer in sauces Features: Sugar substitute Trade Names Containing: Sweet'N'Neat® Dry Raisin Flakes; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder Raney alloy. See Nickel Raney copper. See Copper Raney nickel. See Nickel Rape oil, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated rapeseed oil Rape oil, methyl ester. See Methyl canolate Rapeseed. See Canola oil Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil CAS 8002-13-9; 120962-03-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-299-0 Synonyms: Brassica campestris oil; Brassica oleifera; Canola oil (low erucic acid rapeseed oil); Colza oil; HEAR; High-erucic acid rapeseed oil; LEAR; Low-erucic acid rapeseed oil; Rapeseed oil; Rapeseed oil, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

blown Definition: Vegetable oil expressed from seeds of Brassica campestris Properties: Brn. viscous liq., yel. when refined, noxious odor; sol. in chloroform, ether, CS2; dens. 0.913-0.916; m.p. 17-22 C; solidifies at 0 C; iodine no. 97-105; sapon. no. 170-177 C; flash pt. 162 C; ref. index 1.4720-1.4752 Toxicology: Toxic; allergic potential; can cause acne-like skin eruptions Precaution: Subject to spontaneous heating NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Edible fats and oils for salad dressings, margarine; antioxidant in foods (Japan) Features: Not for use in infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2800, 184.1555; Japan approved (extract); FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance (refined) Manuf./Distrib.: Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com Anar http://anarsoapandchemical.com/; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Degen http://www.degenoil.com; Freund Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.freund.co.jp; GeorgiaPacific/Actrachem http://www.gp.com/chemical Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; John L Seaton Ltd http://www.seatonsuk.co.uk; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Vliengenthart BV http://www.vliegenthart.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holme-clark.com Werner G. Smith http://www.wernergsmith.com Trade Names: Oleocal® C-102; Oleocal® C102 A Trade Names Containing: Gelcarin® ME 8151 See also Canola oil 1858

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Rapeseed glyceride CAS 85586-30-7; EINECS/ELINCS 287-834-0 Synonyms: Glycerides, rape oil mono-; Glycerides, rapeseed mono-; Rapeseed monoglyceride; Rapeseed oil glyceride; Rapeseed oil monoglyceride Definition: Monoglyceride derived from rapeseed oil Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer in foods, peanut butter Trade Names Containing: Myvatex® Monoset® K Rapeseed monoglyceride. See Rapeseed glyceride Rapeseed oil; Rapeseed oil, blown. See Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil Rapeseed oil glyceride. See Rapeseed glyceride Rapeseed oil, methyl ester. See Methyl canolate Rapeseed oil monoglyceride. See Rapeseed glyceride Raspberry ketone. See 4-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-2butanone Raspberry ketone acetate. See 4-(pAcetoxyphenyl)-2-butanone Raspberry ketone methyl ether. See 4-pMethoxyphenyl-2-butanone Raw gas. See Natural gas Raw linseed oil. See Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil Red algae. See Algae, red Red amaranth. See Amaranthus cruentus Red cockscomb; Red dye no. 2. See Amaranth Red 2G. See Acid red 1 Red iron oxide; Red iron trioxide. See Ferric oxide Red no. 2. See Amaranth Red no. 40. See FD&C Red No. 40 Red no. 202. See Litholrubine BK Red oil. See Oleic acid Red oxide. See Iron oxide red Red pepper. See Capsicum Red sage. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) Red sandalwood. See Red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus) Red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus) CAS 98225-55-9 Synonyms: CI natural red 22; Pterocarpus santalinus; Red sandalwood; Red saunders; Sandalwood, red Definition: From Pterocarpus santalinus Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages; colorant in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan restricted as color Red saunders. See Red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus) Red thyme oil. See Thyme oil red Reduced lactose whey. See Whey, reduced lactose Refined petroleum wax. See Petroleum wax Refined solvent naphtha. See VM&P naphtha Refrigerant 12. See Dichlorodifluoromethane Refrigerant 113. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane Refrigerant R40. See Methyl chloride Rennase. See Rennet Rennet CAS 9001-98-3; 9042-08-4 Synonyms: Bovine rennet; Chymosin; Rennase; Rennet, calf; Rennin; Rennin, calf Definition: A dried extract containing rennin, the milk-clotting enzyme from calf stomach Properties: Ylsh.-wh. powd., peculiar odor, sl. salty taste; partly sol. in water and dil. alcohol; m.w. ≈ 31,000; strongly affected by UV light Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Sl. hygroscopic Uses: Binder, enzyme, extender, processing aid, stabilizer, thickener in foods; coagulant for milk in cheesemaking; digestive enzyme Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §131.160, 131.162, 133.102, 133.106, 133.108, 133.111, 133.113, 133.118, 133.127, 133.129, 133.133, 133.136, 133.138, 133.141, 133.144, 133.147, 133.149, 133.150, 133.152, 133.153, 133.155, 133.156, 133.162, 133.164, 133.165, 133.181, 133.182, 133.183, 133.184, 133.185, 133.187, 133.189, 184.1685, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (rennet treated calcium reduced dried milk and calcium lactate, limitation 3.5% in sausages), 381.147; Canada, Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Danisco http://www.danisco.com; Fonterra NZ Ingreds. http://www.fonterra.com Havero Hoogwegt BV http://www.havero.nl; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Rennet, calf; Rennin; Rennin, calf. See Rennet 1859

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Residue gas. See Natural gas Resin. See Rosin Resin acids and rosin acids, esters with pentaerythritol. See Pentaerythrityl rosinate Resin acids and rosin acids, hydrogenated, esters with glycerol. See Glyceryl hydrogenated rosinate Resin acids and rosin acids, hydrogenated, methyl esters. See Methyl hydrogenated rosinate Resin acids and rosin acids, methyl esters. See Methyl rosinate Resin acid, zinc salt. See Zinc rosinate Resin copal. See Copal resin Resin guaiac. See Guaiac gum Resinoid benzoin. See Gum benzoin Resin olibanum. See Olibanum Resins, Manila elemi. See Elemi gum Resin tolu. See Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) Resorcin; Resorcine. See Resorcinol Resorcinol CAS 108-46-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-585-2 UN 2876 (DOT); FEMA 3589 Synonyms: 1,3-Benzenediol; m-Benzenediol; CI 76505; 1,3-Dihydroxybenzene; mDihydroxybenzene; m-Dioxybenzene; mHydroquinone; 3-Hydroxycyclohexadien-1one; 3-Hydroxyphenol; m-Hydroxyphenol; Resorcin; Resorcine Classification: Aromatic alcohol; phenol Empirical: C6H6O2 Formula: C6H4(OH)2 Properties: Wh. cryst. solid; unpleasant sweet taste; discolors to pink in light and air; very sol. in alcohol, ether, glycerol, CCl4, acetic acid, pyridine, amyl alcohol, liq. ammonia; sol. in water, acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in chloroform, benzene; m.w. 110.12; dens. 1.285 (15 C); vapor pressure 1 mm (108.4 C); m.p. 110 C; b.p. 280.5 C; flash pt. (CC) 127 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm; STEL 20 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 301 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 215 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 213 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3360 mg/kg; poison by ing., IP, parenteral, subcut. routes; mod. toxic by skin contact and IV route; human poison by ing.; skin and severe eye irritant; may cause hyperemia, dermatitis, edema, methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, convulsions, dyspnea, death; questionable Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers; potentially explosive with conc. nitric acid; incompat. with alkalis, ferric salts, spirit nitrous ether, etc.; keep away from food Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, C; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; protect from light Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, soups, snack foods, gravies, condiments, seasonings Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §177.1210; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Beckmann Chemikalien http://www.beckmannchem.de Cardolite http://www.cardolite.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fairmount Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Indspec http://www.indspec-chem.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Itochu Chems. Am. http://www.itochu-sc.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com SCI Int'l. USA; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality 1860

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com Resorcinol dimethyl ether. See mDimethoxybenzene Retinol CAS 68-26-8; 11103-57-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200683-7; 234-328-2 Synonyms: Anti-infective vitamin; Antixerophthalmic vitamin; Axerophthol; 3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatretraen-1-ol; Oleovitamin A; all-trans-Retinol; Retrovitamin A; Vitamin A; Vitamin A alcohol; all-trans-Vitamin A alcohol Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C20H30O Properties: Yel. prisms or cryst., nearly odorless or mild fishy odor; sol. in abs. alcohol, methanol, chloroform, ether, fats, oils; pract. insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 286.46; m.p. 5458 C; b.p. 137-138 C (0.000001 mm) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; human teratogenic effects; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement, vitamin in foods, infant formulas, animal feeds Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §101.9, 101.14, 107.100, 131.110, 131.111, 131.112, 131.127, 131.143, 131.147, 131.200, 131.203, 131.206, 133.102, 133.106, 133.111, 133.141, 133.165, 133.181, 133.183, 133.195, 135.130, 166.40, 166.110, 184.1245, 184.1930, GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BASF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.basf.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/ Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; HoffmannLaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Vernon Walden; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Rex® Vitamin Fortified Wheat Germ Oil all-trans-Retinol. See Retinol Retinol acetate. See Retinyl acetate Retinol, hexadecanoate; Retinol palmitate. See Retinyl palmitate Retinyl acetate CAS 127-47-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-844-2 Synonyms: Acetic acid, retinyl ester; Retinol acetate; all-trans-Retinyl acetate; Vitamin A acetate; trans-Vitamin A acetate; Vitamin A alcohol acetate Definition: Ester of retinol and acetic acid Empirical: C22H32O2 Properties: Pale yel. prismatic cryst.; m.w. 328.54; m.p. 57-58 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse, 10 day) 4100 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, infant formulas, feeds 1861

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1930, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium all-trans-Retinyl acetate. See Retinyl acetate Retinyl palmitate CAS 79-81-2; 37340-08-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201228-5 Synonyms: Retinol, hexadecanoate; Retinol palmitate; Vitamin A palmitate Definition: Ester of retinol and palmitic acid Empirical: C36H60O2 Properties: Amorphous or cryst.; m.w. 524.88; m.p. 28-29 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat, 10 day) 7910 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 6060 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; experimental reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Photosensitive; keep under argon Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement, vitamin supplement for foods, infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1930, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Vitamin A Palmitate USP, FCC Type P1.7 Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SK Fortified; Bioblend # 7; Bonus Blend; Bulgur Enrichment; Export Masa Enrichment Vitamin A and D-3 Blend Retrovitamin A. See Retinol α-L-Rhamnopyranose. See Rhamnose Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Rhamnose CAS 3615-41-6; EINECS/ELINCS 222-793-4 FEMA 3730 Synonyms: 6-Deoxy-L-mannose; Isodulcit; αL-Mannomethylose; α-L-Rhamnopyranose; α-L-Rhamnose Classification: Deoxyhexose monosaccharide Empirical: C6H12O5 Properties: Wh. cryst.; sweet taste; sol. in water, methanol; insol. in fats; m.w. 164.16; m.p. 8292 C Toxicology: Harmful by ing.; irritating to skin, eyes, respiratory system Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes Storage: 6 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic sweetener in foods, baked goods, meat prods., soft candy, snack foods, beverages, dairy prods., confectionery, frostings, chewing gum, sugar substitutes, instant coffee/tea Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Australia AICS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Kaden Biochems. http://www.kadenbio.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Paulaur http://www.paulaur.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com α-L-Rhamnose. See Rhamnose Rhamnus purshiana; Rhamnus purshiana bark extract; Rhamnus purshiana extract. See Cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) extract Rhatany extract CAS 84775-95-1 FEMA 2979 Synonyms: Krameria argentea extract; 1862

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Krameria extract; Krameria triandra extract Definition: Extract derived from Krameria spp. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; FEMA GRAS Rheum palmatum; Rheum palmatum extract; Rheum palmatum root extract. See Rhubarb (Rheum palmatum) extract Rhodinal. See Citronellal Rhodinol CAS 141-25-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-473-9 FEMA 2980 Synonyms: l-Citronellol; 3,7-Dimethyl-7-octen1-ol; 7-Octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethylEmpirical: C10H20O Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 156.27; sp. gr. 0.865; b.p. 68-70 C (1.8 mm Hg); flash pt. 98.9 C; ref. index 1.4690 Toxicology: LD50 (IM, mouse) 4 g/kg; severe irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Pleasant, rose-like odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com See also β-Citronellol; (-)-Rhodinol (-)-Rhodinol CAS 6812-78-8; EINECS/ELINCS 229-887-4 FEMA 2980 Synonyms: α-Citronellol; l-Citronellol; (3S)3,7-Dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol; S-(-)-3,7Dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol; 7-Octen-1-ol, 3,7dimethyl-, (S)-; Rhodinol Definition: Mixt. of terpene alcohols consistg. principally of l-citronellol Empirical: C10H20O Properties: Colorless oily liq., rose odor; misc. with alcohol, ether; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 156.26; dens. 0.8549 (20/4 C); b.p. 114-115 C (12 mm); ref. index 1.4556 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (intramuscular, mouse) 4 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3600 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com See also β-Citronellol Rhodinol acetate. See Rhodinyl acetate Rhodinyl acetate CAS 141-11-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-458-7 FEMA 2981 Synonyms: α-Citronellyl acetate; 3,7-Dimethyl7-octen-1-ol acetate; Rhodinol acetate Classification: floral ester Definition: Mixt. of acetates of geraniol and lcitronellol, found in geranium oil Empirical: C12H22O2 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., fresh rose odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol, water; m.w. 198.34; dens. 0.895-0.908; b.p. 237 C; ref. index 1.450-1.458 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Rhodinyl butyrate CAS 141-15-1; EINECS/ELINCS 205-462-9 FEMA 2982 Synonyms: Butyric acid, 3,7-dimethyl-6octenyl ester; 2,6-Dimethyl-2-octen-8-ol butyrate; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol 1863

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference butyrate; 3,7-Dimethyl-7-octenyl butanoate; 2,6-Dimethyl-2-octen-8-yl butyrate; 6-Octen1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, butyrate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C14H26O2 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. or greenish liq., fruity sweet odor; m.w. 226.36; b.p. 137 C (13 mm); flash pt. > 100 C; ref. index 1.451-1.455 Toxicology: Primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Rhodinyl formate CAS 141-09-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-456-6 FEMA 2984 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol formate; 3,7-Dimethyl-6 or 7-octen-1-yl methanoate; Rhodinyl methanoate Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C11H20O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; sol. in alcohol and fixed oils; insol in water, glycerin, and propylene glycol; m.w. 184.28; sp. gr. 0.903-0.911; b.p. 220.00 C @ 760.00 mm; acid no. 1 max.; ref. index 1.45100 - 1.459 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Rose dried leaf odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Rhodinyl isobutyrate CAS 138-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-318-5 FEMA 2983 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-6 or 7-octen-1-yl isobutyrate; 3,7-Dimethyl-6 or 7-octen-1-yl 2-methyl propanoate; Rhodinyl 2-methyl propanoate Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C14H26O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq.; sweet red rose spicy odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 226.36; sp.gr. 0.89; flash pt. (TCC) 212 F; ref. index 1.448-1.453 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5.00 g/kg Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com Rhodinyl isopentanoate. See Rhodinyl isovalerate Rhodinyl isovalerate CAS 7778-96-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-919-7 FEMA 2987 Synonyms: (S)-3,7-Dimethyloct-7-enyl isovalerate; (S)-3,7-Dimethyloct-7-enyl 3methylbutanoate; Rhodinyl isopentanoate Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C15H28O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq.; rose odor; sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.p. 240.382; b.p. 270 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Rhodinyl methanoate. See Rhodinyl formate Rhodinyl 2-methyl propanoate. See Rhodinyl isobutyrate Rhodinyl phenylacetate CAS 10486-14-3; EINECS/ELINCS 234-003-5 FEMA 2985 Synonyms: Acetic acid, phenyl-, 3,7-dimethyl7-octenyl ester; Benzeneacetic acid, 3,7dimethyl-7-octenyl ester, (S)-; 3,7-Dimethyl7-octenyl phenylacetate; Phenylacetic acid 3,7-dimethyl-7-octenyl ester; Rhodinyl αtoluate Classification: floral ester Empirical: C18H26O2 Properties: Colouless to very pale yel.-grnish. visc. liq.; o rose absolute with honey-like undertone odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 274.44; sp. gr. 0.965-0.972; acid no. 1.0 max.; ref. index 1.494-1.505 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com Rhodinyl propionate CAS 105-89-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-343-6 FEMA 2986 Synonyms: Citronellyl propionate; 7-Octen-1ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, propanoate; 7-Octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, propionate 1864

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C13H24O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., sweet odor/flavor; sol. in alcohol; almost insol. in water; m.w. 212.37; b.p. 255 C; flash pt. 100 C; ref. index 1.4570 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary irritant Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Rhodinyl α-toluate. See Rhodinyl phenylacetate Rhubarb extract. See Rhubarb (Rheum palmatum) extract Rhubarb (Rheum palmatum) extract CAS 8016-55-5; 90106-27-7; EINECS/ELINCS 290-249-3 UN 1993 (DOT) Synonyms: Rheum palmatum; Rheum palmatum extract; Rheum palmatum root extract; Rhubarb extract Definition: Extract of the stalks or roots of Rheum palmatum Precaution: Flamm. liq. HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Rhus succedanea; Rhus succedanea cera; Rhus succedanea wax. See Japan (Rhus succedanea) wax Ribes nigrum; Ribes nigrum extract. See Black currant (Ribes nigrum) extract Riboflavin CAS 83-88-5; EINECS/ELINCS 201-507-1 INS101(i); E101i Synonyms: 6,7-Dimethyl-9-dribitylisoalloxazine; 7,8-Dimethyl-10-(dribityl) isoalloxazine; 7,8-Dimethyl-1-(d-ribo2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentyl) isoalloxazine; Flavaxin; Lactoflavin; Riboflavine; Vitamin B2; Vitamin G Classification: Organic compd. Empirical: C17H20N4O6 Properties: Orange to yel. cryst., sl. odor, bitter Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

taste; sl. sol. in water, alcohol; insol. in ether, chloroform; m.w. 376.41; m.p. 282 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 560 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 5000 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, mouse) 365 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP and subcut. routes; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits fumes of NOx Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement, colorant in foods, enriched flours, infant formulas; principal growthpromoting factor of Vitamin B2 complex (functions as flavor protein in tissue respiration) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.450, 101.9, 107.100, 136.115, 137.165, 137.185, 137.260, 137.305, 139.115, 139.117, 139.122, 139.155, 184.1695, GRAS; Europe listed; UK, Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Am. Biorganics; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF http://www.basf.com Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Bio-Rad Labs http://www.bio-rad.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; CoKEM Assoc.; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; GDL Int'l. http://www.gdlinternational.com 1865

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/ Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Takeda UK http://www.takeda.co.uk/; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SK Fortified; Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid; Bioblend # 7; Bioblend # 7 Bonus Blend; Bulgur Enrichment; Descote® Riboflavin 331/3%; Domestic CM Enrichment with Folic Acid; Enrichment Tablet with Folic Acid Export Masa Enrichment; F E Blend K with Folic Acid; Macaroni Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Pro-Fam® 976; Rich-Pak® Riboflavine. See Riboflavin Riboflavin monophosphate monosodium salt; Riboflavin 5´-monophosphate sodium salt Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dihydrate; Riboflavin 5´-phosphate ester monosodium salt. See Riboflavin-5´phosphate sodium Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium CAS 130-40-5 (dihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 204988-6 INS101(ii); E101ii Synonyms: Riboflavin monophosphate monosodium salt; Riboflavin 5´monophosphate sodium salt dihydrate; Riboflavin 5´-phosphate ester monosodium salt; Riboflavin 5'- (sodium hydrogen phosphate); Riboflavin sodium phosphate; Sodium riboflavin phosphate (INCI); Vitamin B2 phosphate sodium Definition: Ester of riboflavin and sodium phosphate Empirical: C17H20N4NaO9P • 2H2O Properties: Yel. to orange-yel. cryst. powd., sl. odor; sol. in water; m.w. 514.36 Precaution: Dec. by light when in sol'n. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and NaO2 Storage: Hygroscopic; store frozen (-55 to -22 C); protect from light Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement, riboflavin source in foods, milk prods., infant formulas; colorant in foods; enzyme cofactor vitamin Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1697, GRAS; Europe listed; UK, Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 1866

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Technodrugs & Intermeds. http://www.technodrugs.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names: Riboflavin-5´-Phosphate Sodium USP, FCC Riboflavin 5'- (sodium hydrogen phosphate); Riboflavin sodium phosphate. See Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium D-Ribose CAS 50-69-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-059-4 FEMA 3793 Synonyms: Ribose, D-; D-(-)-Ribose Empirical: C5H10O5 Properties: Wh. solid; m.w. 150.13; m.p. 88-92 C Precaution: Wear gloves, respirator, and lab coat; avoid contact with eyes and skin HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store refrigerated (2-8 C) Uses: Flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, fish, poultry, soups, gravies, snack foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Biosynth AG http://www.biosynth.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Moravek Biochems. http://www.moravek.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Toronto Research Chems. http://www.trccanada.com Ribose, D-; D-(-)-Ribose. See D-Ribose Rice bran. See Rice (Oryza sativa) bran Rice bran extract. See Rice (Oryza sativa) bran extract Rice bran oil. See Rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil Rice bran wax. See Rice (Oryza sativa) wax Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Rice flour Uses: Gellant, thickener for foods Trade Names Containing: FloAm® 500; FloAm® 500 CF; FloAm® 500 TF; FloAm® 540; FloAm® 740 Muffin Aid®; PenCrisp® 905 Rice maltodextrin Definition: The result of the conversion of rice starch by enzymes (α- and β-amylases releasing maltodextrins Properties: Off-wh. powd.; sl. sweet taste Uses: Fat replacement, texturizer, bodying agent, gellant, flavor carrier in foods, sports beverages, granola and nut coatings Features: Provides creamy texture Trade Names: Rice*Trin® 16; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic Trade Names Containing: Rice*Complete® 3 Rice oil. See Rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil Rice (Oryza sativa) bran Synonyms: Bran, rice; Oryza sativa; Oryza sativa bran; Rice bran Definition: Broken hulls of rice, Oryza sativa Uses: Dietary fiber supplement in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Doguet Rice Milling http://www.doguets.com Trade Names Containing: RICEO™ Rice (Oryza sativa) bran extract Synonyms: Oryza sativa; Oryza sativa bran extract; Rice bran extract Definition: Extract of rice bran, Oryza sativa Uses: Natural antioxidant in foods (Japan) Regulatory: Japan approved (rice bran oil extract) Rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil CAS 68553-81-1; 84696-37-7; EINECS/ELINCS 271-397-8 Synonyms: Oils, rice bran; Oryza sativa; Rice bran oil; Rice oil Definition: Oil expressed from rice bran, Oryza sativa Properties: Golden yel. oil; misc. with hexane and other fat solvs.; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.916-0.921; vapor pressure very low; cloud pt. < -7 C; acid no. < 2; iodine no. 92115; sapon. no. 180-190; ref. index 1.4701.473 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2 from combustion Uses: Edible oil in foods, hydrogenated shortenings 1867

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; B&D Nutritional Ingreds. http://www.bndni.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Freeman Ind. http://www.freemanllc.com; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Natural Oils Int'l. http://www.naturaloils.com; Oilseeds Int'l. http://www.oilseedssf.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Seltzer http://www.seltzeringredients.com/; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welchholme-clark.com Rice (Oryza sativa) starch CAS 9005-25-8; 53112-52-0; 75138-75-9; 977000-08-0 Synonyms: Oryza sativa; Oryza sativa starch; Rice starch Definition: Starch obtained from rice, Oryza sativa Empirical: (C6H10O5)n Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 6600 mg/kg; primary irritant; may cause mechanical irritation by blocking pores and putrefying; may cause allergic reaction; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Gellant, fat substitute, binder for meat processing, dairy, chocolate, candy applics. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 178.3520; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com U.S. Synthetics Trade Names: Novation® 8300; Novation® 8600; PenCook® 30; PenCook® 37; Remy Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CA Remy DR; Remy FG; Remy FG-P; Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AX-P; StarchPlus™ SPR StarchPlus™ SPW-LP Rice (Oryza sativa) wax CAS 8016-60-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-409-7 INS908 Synonyms: Oryza sativa; Oryza sativa bran wax; Rice bran wax; Rice wax; Waxes, rice bran Definition: Wax obtained from rice bran, the broken hulls of rice grains, Oryza sativa Properties: Tan to brn. hard wax; sol. in chloroform, benzene; insol. in water; m.p. 7580 C; iodine no. 20 max.; sapon. no. 75-120 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Masticatory substance, plasticizer in chewing gum; glazing agent, coating agent, release agent in foods; coating agent for candy, fresh fruits and vegetables; glazing agent in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 172.890, 178.3860 (limitation 1% in polymer); Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Freeman Ind. http://www.freemanllc.com Rice protein Uses: Dietary fiber, protein fortification for foods, hypoallergenic protein prods. Trade Names: CNP RPC70XFG Trade Names Containing: Rice*Complete® 3; Rice*Complete® 35 Rice starch. See Rice (Oryza sativa) starch; Starch Rice syrup Uses: Sweetener for soy-based prods.; syrup for flavoring Trade Names: CNP WRSHG40; CNP WRSHM; CNP WRSHMCL; CNP WRSMC30; CNP WRSMC30CL CNP WRSRD; CNP WRSRDCL Rice syrup solids Synonyms: RSS Properties: Bland to mild caramel taste; sol. in water Uses: Sweetener, humectant, carrier, bulking 1868

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference agent for foods, protein beverages Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: CNP RSSHG40; CNP RSSHM; CNP RSSRD; Rice*Trin® 35; Rice Trin® 35 Organic Trade Names Containing: Rice*Complete® 35 Rice wax. See Rice (Oryza sativa) wax Ricini oleum. See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Ricinoleic acid, methyl ester, acetate. See Methyl acetyl ricinoleate Ricinus communis oil; Ricinus oil. See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Rochelle salt. See Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Potassium sodium tartrate Rock candy. See Sucrose Rock salt. See Sodium chloride Rodinol. See β-Citronellol Roman chamomile extract. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract Roman chamomile flower. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) flower Roman chamomile oil. See Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil Rosa canina. See Rose extract; Dog rose (Rosa canina) hips extract Rosa canina extract. See Rose extract Rosa canina hips extract. See Dog rose (Rosa canina) hips extract Rosa centifolia; Rosa centifolia water. See Rose (Rosa centifolia) water Rose absolute; Rose absolute Bulgarian; Rose blossom oil. See Rose oil Rose butanoate. See Phenethyl-2methylbutyrate Rose centifolia oil; Rose concrete; Rose Damascena oil. See Rose oil Rose extract CAS 84696-47-9; EINECS/ELINCS 283-652-0 Synonyms: Rosa canina; Rosa canina extract Definition: Extract of various species of rose, Rosa spp. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com Rose flowers CAS 977029-69-8 Definition: Natural extractive Rosa spp. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; Japan approved (rose) Rose geranium oil. See Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil CAS 977143-78-4 FEMA 2508 Synonyms: Geranium, rose, oil; Pelargonium graveolens oil; Rose geranium oil Definition: Oil derived from Pelargonium graveolens Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, jellies Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Rose de grasse. See Rose oil Rose hips extract. See Dog rose (Rosa canina) hips extract Rose leaf oil. See Rose oil B Rose Liq. See Carmine (Coccus cacti) Roselle. See Hibiscus sabdariffa extract Rosemary. See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Rosemary acid. See Rosmarinic acid Rosemary extract. See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract Rosemary oil. See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) oil Rosemary oleoresin. See Oleoresin rosemary Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) CAS 977002-36-0 FEMA 2991 Synonyms: Rosemary; Rosmarinus officinalis Classification: Essential oil Definition: Rosmarinus officinalis Properties: Pale yel. liq.; camphor odor; sp. gr. 0.893-0.916; acid no. 1 max. ref. index 1.4671.473 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§101.22, 182.10; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract CAS 84604-14-8; EINECS/ELINCS 283-291-9 Synonyms: Rosemary extract; Rosmarinus 1869

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference officinalis; Rosmarinus officinalis extract Definition: Oleoresin extracted from rosemary leaves, Rosmarinus officinalis Uses: Natural flavoring agent, antioxidant in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Cosmetochem Int'l. http://www.cosmetochem.com/; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Guardian® Trade Names Containing: Guardian™ NR 100; Guardian™ NR 250; Oxy’Less®.CS; Oxy’Less®.Clear; Oxy’Less®.Clear S PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; StabilEnhance® OSR; StabilEnhance® WSR Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) oil CAS 8000-25-7; EINECS/ELINCS 283-291-9 FEMA 2992 Synonyms: Rosemary oil; Rosmarinus officinalis; Rosmarinus officinalis flower oil; Rosmarinus officinalis oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained from flowering tops of Rosmarinus officinalis, contg. α-pinene, camphene, and cineole Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., rosemary odor, camphoraceous taste; sol. in 10 vols 80% alcohol; pract. insol. in water; dens. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

0.894-0.912 (25/25 C); ref. index 1.464-1.476 (20 C); tenacity 2 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 10 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light, heat Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; 27CFR 21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (rosemary); Europe listed, no restrictions; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com U.S. Synthetics; Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com 1870

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Rosenoxide. See Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2methyl-1-propenyl)-2H-pyran Rose oil CAS 8007-01-0; EINECS/ELINCS 290-260-3 FEMA 2988; 2989 Synonyms: Attar of rose; Bulgarian rose oil; Concrete rose Bulgarian; Concrete rose Morocco; Concrete rose Turkish; Essence of rose; Integral rose; Otto of rose; Rose absolute; Rose absolute Bulgarian; Rose blossom oil; Rose centifolia oil; Rose concrete; Rose Damascena oil; Rose de grasse; Rose leaf oil; Rose oil Bulgarian; Rose oil, Damascena; Rose oil otto; Rose otto; turkish rose otto Definition: Volatile oil obtained from the flowers of Rosa spp., contg. geraniol, citronellol Properties: Colorless to pale yel. visc. liq., char. rose odor and taste; congeals @ 18-22 C to a translucent cryst. mass; sol. in fatty oils, chloroform; sparingly sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.848-0.863 (30/15 C); ref. index 1.457-1.463 (30 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12,560 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1045 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by skin contact; mildly toxic by ing.; primary irritant; sensitizer; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Photosensitive; protect from light; keep cool, well closed; store @ 0-4 C Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, nonalcoholic beverages, condiments, confections, ice cream, meat Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed, no restrictions; NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Foote & Jenks http://www.footeandjenks.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com U.S. Synthetics; Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com See also Phenethyl alcohol Rose oil Bulgarian; Rose oil, Damascena; Rose oil otto; Rose otto. See Rose oil RoseOx. See Carnosic acid Rose oxide; Rose oxide levo. See Tetrahydro-4methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-2H-pyran Rose quartz. See Novaculite; Quartz Rose (Rosa centifolia) water CAS 84604-12-6; EINECS/ELINCS 283-289-8 FEMA 2993 Synonyms: Rosa centifolia; Rosa centifolia water; Rose water Definition: Saturated aq. sol'n. of the odoriferous principles of flowers of the cabbage rose, Rosa centifolia Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Ultra Int'l. http://www.ultrainternational.com Rose water. See Rose (Rosa centifolia) water Rosewood oil. See Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil 1871

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Rosin CAS 8050-09-7; 8052-10-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-475-7 Synonyms: Colophane; Colophonium; Colophony; Disproportionated rosin; Gum rosin; Pine rosin; Resin; Rosin gum; Wood rosin; Yellow pine rosin; Yellow resin Classification: Nonaromatic anhydride Definition: Residue from distilling off the volatile oil from the oleoresin obtained from Pinus palustris and other species of Pinaceae Empirical: C20H30O2 Properties: Pale yel. to amber translucent solid; sl. turpentine odor and taste; sol. in alcohol, benzene, ether, glacial acetic acid, oils, carbon disulfide; insol. in water; m.w. 302.46; dens. 1.07-1.09; soften. pt. (R&B) 78 C; m.p. 100150 C; flash pt. 187 C; anionic Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorption; may cause eye/skin irritation; may cause contact dermatitis; may cause sensitization by inh., skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store away from heat; keep tightly closed Uses: Coatings on fresh citrus fruit; natural flavoring agent in foods; masticatory substance in chewing gum; diluent in food colorants; pkg. material for irradiated foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.210, 172.510, 172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.2600, 178.3120, 178.3800, 178.3850, 178.3870, 179.45; Canada DSL; Japan approved; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alland & Robert http://www.allandetrobert.fr Arakawa USA http://www.arakawausa.com; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Focus http://www.focuschemical.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Hercules Ltd; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; MeadWestvaco http://www.meadwestvaco.com Natrochem http://www.natrochem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com; Resinas Sintéticas http://www.resinas.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Technichem http://www.arrowtechnichem.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holme-clark.com Rosin acid, methyl ester. See Methyl rosinate Rosin, glyceryl ester. See Glyceryl rosinate Rosin gum. See Rosin Rosin, gum, glycerol ester; Rosin gum, glyceryl ester. See Glyceryl rosinate Rosin, gum or wood, pentaerythritol ester. See Pentaerythrityl rosinate Rosin, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated rosin Rosin, hydrogenated, glycerol ester. See Glyceryl hydrogenated rosinate Rosin, lime-hardened. See Calcium resinate Rosin, methyl ester. See Methyl rosinate Rosin pentaerythritol ester. See Pentaerythrityl rosinate Rosmarinate. See Rosmarinic acid Rosmarinic acid CAS 20283-92-5 Synonyms: Benzenepropanoic acid, α-[[3-(3,4dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl] oxy]3,4-dihydroxy-; Benzenepropanoic acid, α1872

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference [[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl] oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-; Cinnamic acid, 3,4dihydroxy-, 2-ester with 3-(3,4dihydroxyphenyl) lactic acid; 3,4Dihydroxycinnamic acid 2-ester with 3-(3,4dihydroxyphenyl) lactic acid; R-(+)-2-(3,4Dihydroxycinnamoyloxy)-3-(3,4dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid; α-[[(3,4Dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl] oxy]3,4-dihydroxybenzenepropanoic acid; Rosemary acid; Rosmarinate Classification: Naturally occurring polyphenolic compd. Definition: Acid obtained from Melissa officinalis or Rosmarinis officinalis Empirical: C18H16O8 Properties: Cream-colored powd.; sol. in water; m.w. 360.34 Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 561 mg/kg Storage: Store @ 4 C in tightly sealed containers; protect from light Uses: Free radical scavenger in food and beverages, such as soft drinks, fruit preps., and beer to increase product shelf life and to prevent the deterioration of color and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §101.22, 182.20 Manuf./Distrib.: A.G. Scientific http://www.agscientific.com; Boehringer Ingelheim http://www.boehringeringelheim.com; CMS Chems. Ltd http://www.cms-chemicals.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Tocris Bioscience http://www.tocris.com Trade Names Containing: StabilEnhance® WSR Rosmarinus officinalis; Rosmarinus officinalis extract. See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract Rosmarinus officinalis flower oil; Rosmarinus officinalis oil. See Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) oil Rosmarinus officinalis oleoresin. See Oleoresin rosemary Rosoxide. See Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl1-propenyl)-2H-pyran RSS. See Rice syrup solids Rubber; Rubber dust; Rubber, natural. See Natural rubber Rubbing alcohol. See Isopropyl alcohol

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Rubixanthin CAS 3763-55-1 INS161d; E161d Synonyms: CI 75135 Properties: Orange Toxicology: No harmful effects expected Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: Not permitted in food (EU), US, or Japan Rubus extract; Rubus fruticosus; Rubus fruticosus extract. See Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract Rubus villosus extract. See Blackberry (Rubus villosus) extract Rue CAS 977051-88-9 (R. graveolens) FEMA 2994 Definition: Herb of Ruta montana, R. graveolens, R. bracteosa, or R. calepensis Properties: Yel. to amber liq., fatty odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, soft candy, frozen dairy desserts and mixes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1698 (limitation 2 ppm), GRAS; FEMA GRAS Rue ketone. See 2-Undecanone Rue oil. See Rue (Ruta graveolens) oil Rue (Ruta graveolens) oil CAS 8014-29-7 FEMA 2995 Synonyms: Rue oil; Ruta graveolens; Ruta graveolens herb oil; Ruta graveolens oil Definition: Volatile oil distilled from the herb of the rue, Ruta graveolens or other species, contg. about 90% methyl nonyl ketone, methyl anthranilate Properties: Pale yel. to amber liq., char. sharp fatty odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, 3 vols 70% alcohol; pract. insol. in water; insol. in glycerin, propylene glycol; dens. 0.832-0.845 (15/15 C); solid. pt. 8-10 C; ref. index 1.430-1.440 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2070 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; frequent dermal contact produces erythema, vesication; ing. of large quantities causes epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, confusion, convulsions, death; 1873

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference may cause abortion; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods Use Level: 0.78%max. in skin cosmetics exposed to sunlight Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1699, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Rum ether. See Ethyl oxyhydrate Run-by-the-Ground. See Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) extract Ruta graveolens; Ruta graveolens herb oil; Ruta graveolens oil. See Rue (Ruta graveolens) oil Rye flour. See Rye (Secale cereale) flour Rye (Secale cereale) flour Synonyms: Cultivated rye; Grass pollen secale cereale; Rye flour; Secale cereale; Secale cereale flour Definition: Powder prepared by grinding rye seeds, Secale cereale Properties: Solid Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorption; may cause irritation; may cause sensitization by inh., skin contact Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers Storage: Store at 2-8 C Uses: Ingred. in food Manuf./Distrib.: Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Rye Sour (Culture); Ry-Fla-Vor; Ry-So SA. See Salicylic acid SAA. See Succinic anhydride Saccharase. See Invertase Saccharimide. See Saccharin Saccharin CAS 81-07-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-321-0 INS954 Synonyms: Anhydro-o-sulfaminebenzoic acid; 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one-1,1-dioxide; 3Benzisothiazolinone-1,1-dioxide; o-Benzoic acid sulfimide; o-Benzosulfimide; 2,3Dihydroxy-1,2-benzothiazolin-3-one-1,1Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dioxide; 3-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,2benzisothiazole-1,1-dioxide; Saccharimide; Saccharin acid; Saccharin acid form; Saccharin insoluble; Saccharum; oSulfobenzimide; o-Sulfobenzoic acid imide Classification: Organic compd.; o-toluene sulfonamide Definition: Sodium salt of orthosulfobenzimide; artificial sweetener, 300 times as sweet as natural sugar Empirical: C7H5NO3S Properties: Wh. cryst., odorless, bitter metallic aftertaste; sol. in boiling water, alcohol, benzene, amyl acetate, ethyl acetate; sl. sol. in water, ether, chloroform; m.w. 183.18; dens. 0.828; m.p. 226-230 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 17 g/kg; mild acute toxicity by ing.; may cause allergic reactions incl. urticaria, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; has been linked to bladder cancer in test animals; not considered human carcinogen by recent findings; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutation data reported; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic NOx and SOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Nonnutritive sweetener for beverages, drink mixes, processed foods, chewable vitamin tablets, chewing gum, baked goods; sugar substitute for cooking or table use Features: Noncaloric; 200-700 times the sweetness of sucrose Use Level: 1 g/day for 150 lb person Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §145.116, 145.126, 145.131, 145.136, 145.171, 145.176, 145.181, 150.141, 150.161, 172.812, 180.37; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan approved (0.05 g/kg max. in chewing gum); FDA approved for inhalants, orals, rectals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMC Chems.; Adept Sol'ns.; Albion Inorganic Chems. http://www.albionchemicals.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BASF MicroCheck http://www.basfbiocides.com 1874

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/ George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; Quimdis R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Rit-Chem http://www.ritchem.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names: Syncal® SDI

Saccharin, potassium salt. See Potassium saccharin Saccharin sodium. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous

Saccharin acid; Saccharin acid form. See Saccharin Saccharin ammonium; Saccharinate ammonium. See Ammonium saccharin Saccharin calcium. See Calcium saccharin Saccharine soluble. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous Saccharin insoluble. See Saccharin

Saccharin sodium anhydrous CAS 128-44-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-886-1 FEMA 2997; INS954 Synonyms: 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1dioxide, sodium salt; 1,1-Dioxide-1,2benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one sodium salt; Saccharine soluble; Saccharin sodium; Saccharin, sodium salt; Saccharin soluble; Sodium-1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one-1,1dioxide; Sodium benzosulfimide; Sodium obenzosulfimide; Sodium 2,3-dihydro-1,2benzisothiazolin-3-one-1,1-dioxide; Sodium saccharide; Sodium saccharin (INCI); Sodium saccharinate; Sodium saccharine; Soluble gluside; Soluble saccharin; oSulfonbenzoic acid imide sodium salt Classification: Organic compd. Definition: Sodium salt of saccharin; avail. commercially as the dihydrate Empirical: C7H4NO3S • Na Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless or faint aromatic odor, very sweet taste; very sol. in water, sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 205.17 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1280 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) > 500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; confirmed carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen, tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of SOx, Na2O, and NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Artificial nonnutritive sweetener for foods, bacon, bakery prods., beverage mixes, chewing gum, desserts, fruit juice drinks, jam, relishes, chewable vitamin tablets, tobacco; sugar substitute for cooking or table use Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §145.116, 145.126, 145.131, 145.136, 145.171, 145.176, 145.181, 150.141, 150.161, 180.37, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (0.1-2 g/kg residual); Canada DSL; FDA approved for buccals, dentals, parenterals, inhalants, orals, rectals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l.

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1875

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF MicroCheck http://www.basfbiocides.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; CoKEM Assoc. Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whiting-chemicals.co.uk Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Trade Names: Syncal® GS; Syncal® GSD; Syncal® S; Syncal® SDS Saccharin sodium dihydrate CAS 6155-57-3; EINECS/ELINCS 204-886-1 FEMA 2997 Synonyms: Sodium o-benzosulfamide dihydrate; Sodium saccharin dihydrate Classification: Organic compd. Definition: Sodium salt of saccharin Empirical: C7H4NNaO3S • 2H2O Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. or gran.; odorless; intense sweet taste; sol. in water; m.w. 241.20 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 17,500 mg/kg, (IV, dog) 2500 mg/kg; tumorigen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data Uses: Artificial nonnutritive sweetener for foods, bacon, bakery prods., beverage mixes, chewing gum, desserts, fruit juice drinks, jam, relishes, chewable vitamin tablets, tobacco; sugar substitute for cooking or table use Regulatory: FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BASF MicroCheck http://www.basfbiocides.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Saccharin, sodium salt; Saccharin soluble. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces fragilis. See Yeast, dried Saccharose. See Sucrose Saccharose acetate isobutyrate. See Sucrose acetate isobutyrate Saccharose distearate. See Sucrose distearate Saccharose mono/distearate. See Sucrose polystearate Saccharose palmitate. See Sucrose palmitate Saccharosonic acid. See Erythorbic acid 1876

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Saccharum. See Saccharin; Sucrose Saccharum lactin; Saccharum lactis. See Lactose Saccharum officinarum; Saccharum officinarum extract. See Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) extract Safety solvent naphtha. See Stoddard solvent Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil CAS 8001-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-276-5 Synonyms: Carthamus tinctorious oil; Carthamus tinctorius; Safflower oil; Safflower oil (unhydrogenated); Safflower seed oil Definition: Oily liq. obtained from seeds of Carthanus tinctorius consisting principally of triglycerides of linoleic acid Properties: Lt. yel. oily liq.; sl. veg. odor; sol. in oil and fat solvs.; misc. with ether, chloroform; insol. in water; dens. 0.9211-0.9215 (25/25 C); iodine no. 135-150; sapon. no. 188-194; ref. index 1.472-1.475 Toxicology: Human skin and eye irritant; ing. in large volumes produces vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2 from combustion; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive; becomes rancid on exposure to air Uses: Coating agent, emulsifier, formulation aid, texturizer, flavoring agent in foods; edible oil in salad oil blends, margarine, shortening Features: Oleaginous Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, GRAS; Japan approved (safflower); USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/ Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; John L Seaton Ltd http://www.seatons-uk.co.uk; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/ Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Vliengenthart BV http://www.vliegenthart.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welchholme-clark.com Trade Names: Lipovol SAF Trade Names Containing: Phosal® 50 SA+; Phosal® 75 SA Safflower glyceride CAS 79982-97-1; EINECS/ELINCS 279-360-8 Synonyms: Glycerides, safflower mono-; Glycerides, safflower oil mono-; Safflower oil monoglyceride Definition: Monoglyceride derived from refined safflower oil Uses: Emulsifier for diet margarine, icings Safflower oil. See Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Safflower oil, hybrid. See Hybrid safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Safflower oil monoglyceride. See Safflower glyceride Safflower oil (unhydrogenated); Safflower seed oil. See Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil Saffron. See Saffron (Crocus sativus) Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) extract CAS 84604-17-1; EINECS/ELINCS 283-295-0 FEMA 2999 Synonyms: Crocus sativus; Crocus sativus extract; Saffron crocus extract; Saffron 1877

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference crocus flowers extract; Saffron extract Definition: Extract of the flowers of the saffron crocus, Crocus sativus Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Saffron crocus extract; Saffron crocus flowers extract. See Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) extract Saffron (Crocus sativus) CAS 977051-90-3 FEMA 2998; INS164 Synonyms: Crocus; Crocus sativus; Saffron Definition: Dried stigmata of Crocus sativus, contg. glycoside picrocrocin, coloring principles crocin and crocetin Empirical: C44H64O26 (crocin); C20H24O4 (crocetin) Properties: Reddish-brn. or golden yel. odiferous powd., sl. bitter taste; Crocin: yel.-orange; sol. in hot water; sl. sol. in abs. alcohol, glycerin, propylene glycol; m.w. 1008.97; m.p. 186 C (dec.); Crocetin: brick-red rhomb.; m.w. 328.41; m.p. 285 C (dec.) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent, colorant in foods, alcoholic drinks, nonalcoholic beverages, baked goods, confectionery, margarine, sausage casings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.500, 101.22, 169.140, 169.150, 182.10, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved, restricted as color Manuf./Distrib.: British Bakels http://www.bakels.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Dudley http://www.dudley-chem.com/dudley.html; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Ikeda http://www.ikedabussan.com J.C. Dudley http://www.jcdudley.co.uk/; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Whole Herb http://www.wholeherbcompany.com/; World of Spice http://www.worldofspice.co.uk Worlée-Chemie http://www.worlee.de/ Saffron extract. See Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) extract Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Safrol CAS 94-59-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-345-4 Synonyms: 5-Allyl-1,3-benzodioxole; Allylcatechol methylene ether; Allyldioxybenzene methylene ether; 1-Allyl3,4-methylenedioxybenzene; 4-Allyl-1,2methylenedioxybenzene; mAllylpyrocatechin methylene ether; Allylpyrocatechol methylene ether; 1,2Methylenedioxy-4-allylbenzene; 3,4Methylenedioxy allylbenzene; 3,4Methylenedioxy-1-allylbenzene; 5-(2Propenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole; Safrole Empirical: C10H10O2 Formula: C3H5C6H3O2CH2 Properties: Colorless visc. liq. or cryst.; sassafras odor; very sol. in alcohol; misc. with chloroform, ether, chlorinated solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 162.20; dens. 1.0960 (20 C); m.p. 11 C; b.p. 234.5 C; flash pt. 100 C; ref. index 1.5360-1.5385 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1950 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 1020 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing., subcut. routes; skin irritant; confirmed carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke, irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods (prohibited in U.S.) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §189.180; prohibited from direct addition or use in human food; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Safrole. See Safrol Sage. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) Sage, clary. See Clary (Salvia sclarea) 1878

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sage extract. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) extract Sage oil. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil Sage oil clary. See Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil Sage oil, Dalmatian; Sage oil, Dalmatian type. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil Sage oil, Spanish. See Sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) oil Sage oleoresin; Sage oleoresin Dalmatian. See Oleoresin sage Sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) oil CAS 977125-77-1 FEMA 3003 Synonyms: Sage oil, Spanish; Salvia lavandulaefolia; Salvia lavandulaefolia oil; Spanish sage oil Definition: Essential oil obtained from steam distillation of Salvia lavandulaefolia, contg. essential oil thujone, α-pinene, cineol, borneol, and d-camphor Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq.; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, glycerin, min. oil, propylene glycol; insol. in water; dens. 0.909-0.932; ref. index 1.468 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, fish, pork, poultry, seasonings, soups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Sage (Salvia officinalis) CAS 977002-44-0 FEMA 3000 Synonyms: Garden sage; Red sage; Sage; Salvia; Salvia officinalis Definition: Plant material derived from dried, crushed leaves of the sage, Salvia officinalis Properties: Colorless, pale liq.; warm spicy odor, flavor; sp. gr. 0.914-0.931; acid no. ≈ 2; ref. index 1.445-1.470 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Sage (Salvia officinalis) extract CAS 84082-79-1; EINECS/ELINCS 282-025-9 Synonyms: Sage extract; Salvia extract; Salvia officinalis; Salvia officinalis extract Definition: Extract of the leaves of the herbal plant, Salvia officinalis of the mint family Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; antioxidant in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Cosmetochem Int'l. http://www.cosmetochem.com/; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/ Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil CAS 8016-64-6; 8022-56-8; 84776-73-8 UN 2319; FEMA 3001 Synonyms: Dalmatian sage oil; Sage oil; Sage oil, Dalmatian; Sage oil, Dalmatian type; Salvia officinalis; Salvia officinalis oil; Salvia oil Definition: Oil obtained from steam distillation of the herb of the sage, Salvia officinalis of the mint family; main constituents are α-thujone and camphor Properties: Pale yel. liq., thujone odor and taste; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, paraffin oil, min. oil; 1879

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; dens. 0.903-0.925; flash pt. (TCC) 51.11 C; ref. index 1.457 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear suitable clothing, gloves, face/eye protection Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, fish, pork, poultry, seasonings, soups Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/ Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Sago starch. See Starch SAH. See Salicylaldehyde SAIB. See Sucrose acetate isobutyrate Saigon cinnamon. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil Saigon cinnamon leaf oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil Sal ammonia; Sal ammoniac. See Ammonium chloride Sal chalybis. See Ferrous sulfate anhydrous Sal ethyl. See Ethyl salicylate Salicylal. See Salicylaldehyde Salicylaldehyde CAS 90-02-8; EINECS/ELINCS 201-961-0 FEMA 3004 Synonyms: 2-Formylphenol; o-Formylphenol; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde; oHydroxybenzaldehyde; SAH; Salicylal; Salicylic aldehyde Empirical: C7H6O2 Formula: C6H4OHCHO Properties: Colorless to straw-colored oily liq., bitter almond-like odor, burning taste; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 122.12; dens. 1.166 (20/4 C); m.p. 1-5 C; b.p. 79-80 C (11 mm); flash pt. 77 C; ref. index 1.573 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 520 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 231 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 900 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, subcut. routes; skin irritant; readily absorbed through skin; experimental teratogen, reproductive effector; target organs: nerves, liver, kidneys; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Photosensitive; store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Morata Global Private http://www.morayaglobal.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Seimi Chem. http://www.seimichemical.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Salicylaldehyde methyl ether. See oMethoxybenzaldehyde Salicylic acid CAS 69-72-7; EINECS/ELINCS 200-712-3 FEMA 3985 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid; oHydroxybenzoic acid; Orthohydroxybenzoic acid; SA Classification: Aromatic acid 1880

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C7H6O3 Formula: HOC6H4COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., sweetish to acrid taste; discolored by light; sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; sl. sol. in water, benzene, chloroform; m.w. 138.12; dens. 1.443 (20/4 C); m.p. 157159 C; b.p. 211 C (20 mm) sublimes at 76 C; flash pt. (TCC) 157 C; stable in air Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 891 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 300 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 184 mg/kg; poison by ing., IV, IP routes; mod. toxic by subcut. route; skin/severe eye irritant; may cause tinnitus; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Dust forms explosive mixt. in air; incompat. with iron salts, spirit nitrous ether, lead acetate, iodine Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light- and moisture-sensitive Uses: Preservative for foods (prohibited in milk and wine) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 177.2600, 556.590; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; B.I. Chems.; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Boith China http://www.boith.com Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Clariant/Functional Chems. http://www.fun.clariant.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fallek Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.a sp; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com p-Salicylic acid. See 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid Salicylic acid n-butyl ester. See Butyl salicylate Salicylic acid, isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl salicylate Salicylic acid pentyl ester. See Amyl salicylate Salicylic acid phenyl ethyl ester. See Phenethyl salicylate Salicylic aldehyde. See Salicylaldehyde Salicylic ether; Salicylic ethyl ester. See Ethyl salicylate Saline. See Sodium chloride Salmiac. See Ammonium chloride Salol. See Phenyl salicylate 1881

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference SALP. See Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic Sal soda. See Sodium carbonate Salt. See Sodium chloride Sal tartar. See Sodium tartrate Salt cake. See Sodium sulfate Saltpeter. See Potassium nitrate Salt of tartar. See Potassium carbonate Salvia. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) Salvia extract. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) extract Salvia lavandulaefolia; Salvia lavandulaefolia oil. See Sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) oil Salvia officinalis. See Sage (Salvia officinalis); Oleoresin sage; Sage (Salvia officinalis) extract; Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil Salvia officinalis extract. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) extract Salvia officinalis oil. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil Salvia officinalis oleoresin. See Oleoresin sage Salvia oil. See Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil Salvia oleoresin. See Oleoresin sage Salvia sclarea. See Clary (Salvia sclarea); Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil Salvin. See Carnosic acid Sambac absolute. See Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil Sambucus; Sambucus canadensis. See Elder flowers Sambucus canadensis extract. See Elder flowers extract Sambucus extract. See Elder (Sambucus nigra) flower extract Sambucus nigra. See Elder flowers; Elder (Sambucus nigra) flower extract; Sambucus nigra oil Sambucus nigra extract; Sambucus nigra flower extract. See Elder (Sambucus nigra) flower extract Sambucus nigra oil CAS 68916-55-2 Synonyms: Elder flowers oil; Sambucus nigra Definition: Volatile oil obtained from Sambucus nigra and other species of Sambucus Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 182.20, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Payan & Bertrand http://www.payanbertrand.com/ Sand. See Quartz Sandalwood. See Sandalwood (Santalum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

album) Sandalwood, East Indian, oil. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil Sandalwood, East Indina, extract; Sandalwood extract. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) extract Sandalwood oil. See Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil; Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) oil; Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil Sandalwood oil, West Indian. See Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) oil Sandalwood, red. See Red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus) Sandalwood resin. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) Sandalwood (Santalum album) CAS 977020-85-1 INS166 Synonyms: East Indian sandalwood; Sandalwood; Sandalwood resin; Sandalwood, white; Sandalwood, yellow; Santalum album; White sandalwood; Yellow sandalwood Definition: Plant material obtained from the sandalwood, Santalum album Properties: Strong persistent warm woody odor Uses: Natural flavoring agent, colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com Sandalwood (Santalum album) extract CAS 84787-70-2; EINECS/ELINCS 284-111-1 Synonyms: East Indian sandalwood extract; Sandalwood, East Indina, extract; Sandalwood extract; Santalum album; Santalum album extract; Santalum album wood extract; White sandalwood extract; Yellow sandalwood extract Definition: Extract of the wood of Santalum album Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil CAS 8006-87-9 FEMA 3005 Synonyms: Arheol; East Indian sandalwood oil; Sandalwood, East Indian, oil; 1882

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sandalwood oil; Sandalwood, white, oil; Sandalwood, yellow, oil; Santal oil; αSantalol; Santalum album; Santalum album oil; White sandalwood oil; Yellow sandalwood oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained from heartwood of Santalum album Empirical: C15H24O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. visc. oily liq., char. sandalwood odor and taste; very sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; sol. in 5 vols 70% alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 220.39; dens. 0.965-0.980; b.p. 166-167 C (14 mm); flash pt > 212 F; ref. index 1.500-1.510 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5580 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary skin irritant; sensitizer; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com See also Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sandalwood, West Indian. See Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) Sandalwood, white. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) Sandalwood, white, oil. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil Sandalwood, yellow. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) Sandalwood, yellow, oil. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil Sandarac. See Sandarac (Callitris quadrivalvis) gum Sandarac (Callitris quadrivalvis) gum CAS 9000-57-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-547-8 Synonyms: Callitris quadrivalvis; Callitris quadrivalvis gum; Gum sandarac; Sandarac; Sandarac gum Definition: Exuded oleoresin from Callitris quadrivalvis, contg. approx. 80% pimaric acid, 10% callitrolic acid Properties: Yel. brittle amorphous lumps or powd.; turpentine-like fresh resinous odor; sol. in alcohol, acetone; insol. in benzene, aryl and aliphatic hydrocarbons, water; sp.gr. 1.05-1.09; m.p. 135-150 C; soften. pt. 100-130 C; iodine no. 112-141; sapon. no. 145-157; ref. index 1.545 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 175.105, 175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: Alland & Robert http://www.allandetrobert.fr; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk Sandarac gum. See Sandarac (Callitris quadrivalvis) gum Santal oil. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil Santalol CAS 11031-45-1; 115-71-9 (α); 77-42-9 (β); EINECS/ELINCS 234-262-4; 204-102-8 (α); 201-027-2 (β) FEMA 3006 Synonyms: Argeol; 5-(2,3-Dimethyltricyclo [2.2.1.02,6] hept-3-yl)-2-methylpent-2-en-1-ol; α-Santalol; β-Santalol; d-α-Santalol Classification: Sesquiterpene alcohol 1883

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C15H24O Properties: Colorless liq., sweet sandalwood odor; sol. in 3 parts 70% alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 220.34; dens. 0.971-0.973; b.p. 300 C; ref. index 1.504-1.508 Toxicology: α: LD50 (oral, rat) 3800 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; primary irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Jiangyin Healthway Intl. Trade http://www.healthwaychem.com α-Santalol. See Santalol; Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil β-Santalol; d-α-Santalol. See Santalol α-Santalol, acetate; β-Santalol, acetate. See Santalyl acetate Santalum album. See Sandalwood (Santalum album); Sandalwood (Santalum album) extract; Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil Santalum album extract. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) extract Santalum album oil. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil Santalum album wood extract. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) extract Santalyl acetate CAS 1323-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-349-6 FEMA 3007 Synonyms: 5-(2,3-Dimethyltricyclo [2.2.1.02,6] hept-3-yl)-2-methylpent-2-en-1-ol acetate; αSantalol, acetate; β-Santalol, acetate Definition: Mixt. of α- and β-isomers from acetylation of santalol Properties: Colorless to ylsh. liq., sandalwoodlike odor; sol. in most common org. solvs. incl. alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 262.40; b.p. 20.8 C (3 mm); dens. 0.982-0.985; flash pt. 212 F; ref. index 1.4894-1.4901 Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Santalyl phenylacetate CAS 1323-75-7; EINECS/ELINCS 215-358-5 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 3008 Synonyms: Phenyl acetic acid santalyl ester; α-Santalyl phenyl acetate; β-Santalyl phenyl acetate; Santalyl α-toluate Empirical: C23H30O2 Properties: Colorless liq., sandalwood-like odor; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 338.49; acid no. 1 max. Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL α-Santalyl phenyl acetate; β-Santalyl phenyl acetate; Santalyl α-toluate. See Santalyl phenylacetate Santheose. See Theobromine Santoquine. See 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline SAP. See Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic SAPP. See Sodium acid pyrophosphate Sarsaparilla extract; Sarsaparilla root extract. See Sarsaparilla (Smilax aristolochiaefolia) extract Sarsaparilla (Smilax aristolochiaefolia) extract CAS 97404-52-9; EINECS/ELINCS 306-819-2 FEMA 3009 Synonyms: Sarsaparilla extract; Sarsaparilla root extract; Smilax aristolochiaefolia; Smilax aristolochiaefolia extract Definition: Extract of the roots of Smilax aristolochiaefolia Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (sarsaparilla) Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com SAS. See Sodium alum Sassafras albidum; Sassafras albidum extract. See Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) extract Sassafras officinale; Sassafras officinale extract. See Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) extract Sassafras officinale oil; Sassafras oil. See Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) oil Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) extract CAS 84787-72-4; EINECS/ELINCS 284-113-2 FEMA 3010 Synonyms: Sassafras albidum; Sassafras albidum extract; Sassafras officinale; Sassafras officinale extract 1884

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Extract of bark and roots of Sassafras officinale or S. albidum Properties: Spicy aromatic odor, flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.580, must be aq. extract, safrole-free; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (sassafras) Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) oil CAS 8006-80-2 Synonyms: Sassafras officinale; Sassafras officinale oil; Sassafras oil Definition: Volatile oil obtained from root of Sassafras officinale, contg. about 80% safrol, plus eugenol, pinene, phellandrene, sesquiterpene, d-camphor Properties: Ylsh.-reddish volatile oil, pungent aromatic odor and taste of sassafras; sol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, glac. acetic acid, CS2, 2 vols 90% alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; dens. 1.065-1.077 (25/25 C); ref. index 1.52501.5350 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; human poison by ing.; skin irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, nonalcoholic beverages (root beer), confections, gelatin desserts, puddings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 172.580, 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Saturated C14-C22 fatty acid. See Stearic acid Satureia hortensis; Satureia hortensis extract. See Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) extract Satureia hortensis oil. See Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil Satureia montana; Satureia montana oil. See Winter savory (Satureja montana) oil Satureja hortensis; Satureja hortensis extract. See Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) extract Satureja hortensis oil. See Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil Satureja hortensis oleoresin. See Oleoresin summer savory Satureja montana; Satureja montana oil. See Winter savory (Satureja montana) oil Saussurea lappa. See Costus (Saussurea lappa) oil Savory. See Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) Savory extract. See Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) extract Savory oil, winter. See Winter savory (Satureja montana) oil Savory oleoresin. See Oleoresin summer savory Savory, summer, extract. See Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) extract Savory, summer, oil. See Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil Savory, summer, oleoresin. See Oleoresin summer savory Savory, winter, oil. See Winter savory (Satureja montana) oil Sazzio. See Alginic acid S/B. See Styrene/butadiene polymer SBA. See 2-Butanol SBH. See Sodium borohydride SBR. See Styrene/butadiene polymer Scabwort. See Elecampane (Inula helenium) Scarlet F. See Ponceau 3R Scarlet GN. See Ponceau SX Scatole. See Skatole Schardinger α-dextrin. See Cyclodextrin Schardinger β-dextrin. See β-Cyclodextrin SCMC. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Scotch fir oil. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) 1885

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference needle oil Scotch pine needle extract. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle extract Scotch pine needle oil. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle oil Scotch pine oil. See Pine (Pinus sylvestris) oil SD alcohol 3-A CAS 977021-59-2 Classification: Specially denatured alcohol Definition: Ethyl alcohol (100 gal) denatured with methyl alcohol (5 gal) Toxicology: Methanol may modify and increase toxic symptoms caused by ing. and exposure to fumes Uses: Diluent in colorants for marking food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 27CFR §20.11, 21.35 Manuf./Distrib.: Eastman http://www.eastman.com SD alcohol 13-A Classification: Specially denatured alcohol Definition: Ethyl alcohol (100 gal) denatured with ethyl ether (10 gal) Uses: Solvent for candy glazes Regulatory: FDA 27CFR §21.41 SD alcohol 23-A CAS 977021-64-9 Synonyms: Alcohol, denatured formula 23A Classification: Specially denatured alcohol Definition: Ethyl alcohol (100 gal) denatured with acetone USP (8 gal) Uses: Diluent in colorants for coloring shell eggs Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 27CFR §20.11, 21.47 Manuf./Distrib.: Eastman http://www.eastman.com SD alcohol 35 Classification: Specially denatured alcohol Definition: Ethyl alcohol (100 gal) denatured with ethyl acetate 100% ester content (29.75 gal) or equivalent Uses: Solvent for candy glazes Regulatory: FDA 27CFR §21.61 SDBS. See Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate SDDC. See Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate SDIC. See Sodium dichloroisocyanurate SDS. See Sodium silicate; Sodium lauryl sulfate Sea salt. See Sodium chloride Sea sand. See Quartz Seawater magnesia. See Magnesium oxide Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester. See Dibutyl sebacate Sebacic acid, diethyl ester. See Diethyl sebacate Secale cereale; Secale cereale flour. See Rye (Secale cereale) flour 9,10-Secocholestra-5,7,10(19)-trien-3-ol, (3β,5z,7e)-; 9,10-Seco(5Z,7E)-5,7,10(19)cholestratrien-3-ol. See Cholecalciferol 9,10-Secoergosta-5,7,10(19),22-tetraen-3-β-ol; 9,10-Seco (5Z,7E,22E)-5,7,10(19),22ergostatetraen-3-ol. See Ergocalciferol Secondary ammonium phosphate. See Ammonium phosphate, dibasic Secondary butyl alcohol. See 2-Butanol Secondary calcium phosphate. See Calcium phosphate dibasic Secondary caprylic alcohol. See 2-Octanol Secondary magnesium phosphate. See Magnesium phosphate dibasic Secondary propyl alcohol. See Isopropyl alcohol Seignette salt. See Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Potassium sodium tartrate Senegal gum. See Acacia Senna (Cassia obovata) extract CAS 85085-71-8; EINECS/ELINCS 285-393-9 Synonyms: Cassia obovata; Cassia obovata extract; Senna leaf extract Definition: Extract of leaves of Cassia obovata Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Senna leaf extract. See Senna (Cassia obovata) extract Ser. See L-Serine Sericite. See Mica Serine (INCI). See L-Serine DL-Serine CAS 302-84-1; EINECS/ELINCS 206-130-6 Synonyms: (+-2)-Amino-3-hydroxypropionic acid Empirical: C3H7NO3 Formula: HOCH2CH(NH2)COOH 1886

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd.; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 105.09; m.p. 246 C (dec.) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.310 (limitation 8.4%); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMINO GmbH http://www.aminoactives.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com L-Serine CAS 56-45-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-274-3 Synonyms: 2-Amino-3-hydroxypropionic acid; L-β-Hydroxyalanine; Ser; Serine (INCI); (S)(+)-Serine Classification: Amino acid Definition: Avail. commercially as the naturally occurring L(-)-enantiomer Empirical: C3H7NO3 Formula: HOCH2CH(NH2)COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless, sweet taste; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, ether; m.w. 105.10; m.p. 228 C (dec.) Toxicology: Mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods, feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320, 8.4% max.; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Bachem http://bachem.com; Flamma Spa http://www.flamma.it; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Integra Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Nippon Rikagakuyakuhin http://www.nipponrika.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com (S)-(+)-Serine. See L-Serine Serpentaria. See Serpentaria (Aristolochia serpentaria) Serpentaria (Aristolochia clematitis) extract CAS 84775-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 283-873-2 Synonyms: Aristolochia clematitis; Aristolochia clematitis extract; Aristolochia extract; Birthwort extract; Serpentaria extract; Snakeroot; Snakeweed Definition: Extract of rhizomes of Aristolochia clematitis Properties: Yel. rods turn red on drying Toxicology: No known toxicity when applied to the skin; can affect heart and blood pressure when ingested Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Serpentaria (Aristolochia serpentaria) CAS 977002-55-3 Synonyms: Aristolochia serpentaria; Serpentaria; Virginia snakeroot Definition: From Aristolochia serpentaria Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Serpentaria extract. See Serpentaria (Aristolochia clematitis) extract Sesame oil; Sesame seed oil. See Sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil 1887

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil CAS 8008-74-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-370-6 Synonyms: Benne oil; Gingelly oil; Gingilli oil; Sesame oil; Sesame seed oil; Sesamum indicum; Sesamum indicum oil; Teel oil Definition: Refined fixed oil obtained from the seeds of Sesamum indicum Properties: Bland ylsh. oily liq., pract. odorless, bland taste; sl. sol. in alcohol; misc. with ether, chloroform, hexane, carbon disulfide; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.916-0.921; vapor pressure very low; iodine no. 103-116; sapon. no. 188-195; flash pt. 491 F; ref. index 1.4575-1.4598 (60 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) > 50 g/kg, (IV, rabbit) 678 µg/kg; poison by IV route; primary irritant; human skin irritant; may cause allergic reactions, primarily contact dermatitis; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2 from combustion; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, confections; mfg. of oleomargarine, iodized oil Features: Oleaginous Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210; FDA approved for parenterals, orals, topicals; USP/NF, JP compliance; BP, EP compliance (refined); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Blagden Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; CoKEM Assoc.; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/; Efkay Chems. Ltd; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/ Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GivaudanQuest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/ Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/ Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vitamins, Inc http://vitamins-inc.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Trade Names: Lipovol SES Sesamol CAS 533-31-3; EINECS/ELINCS 208-561-5 Synonyms: 1,3-Benzodioxol-5-ol; 5-Hydroxy1,3-benzodioxole; 3,41888

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Methylenedioxyphenol; Methylene ether of oxyquinone; Phenol, 3,4-(methylenedioxy); 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene-1,2-methylene ether Definition: Natural component of sesame seed oil Empirical: C7H6O3 Properties: Colorless to brn. cryst. solid; may be sol. in water, ethanol, MEK; m.p. 63-65 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 470 mg/kg; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; prolonged contact can cause eye damage, severe irritation or burns; was found to reduce activity in the hexobarbital sleeping time assay; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Solvent, vehicle for fat-sol. substances in foods, iodized oils, oleomargarine; antioxidant in sesame oil Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Davos Chem. http://www.davos.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hokko Chem. Ind. http://www.hokkochem.co.jp/english/index. html; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Sesamum indicum; Sesamum indicum oil. See Sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil Sesquiterpene. See Cadinene Seudenone. See 3-Methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one Severely hydrotreated light distillates. See Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated light Sewer gas. See Hydrogen sulfide Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Seychelles cinnamon leaf oil. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil Shaddock extract. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) extract Shaddock oil. See Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil Shark liver oil CAS 68990-63-6; EINECS/ELINCS 273-616-2 Definition: Oil expressed from fresh livers of sharks and other Elasmobranchii species Properties: Yel. to red-brown liq., strong odor; sol. in ether, chloroform, benzene, carbon disulfide, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; dens. 0.917-0.928; iodine no. 125-155; sapon. no. 170-187; ref. index 1.4784 (20 C) Uses: Nutrient, vitamin A source in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210, 177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Cargill BioActives http://www.cargillbioactives.com/bioactives /html/e/home.htm F.H. Taussig http://fhtaussig.net/; Interchem http://www.interchem.com; Jedwards Int'l. http://www.codliveroil.com; Maypro Ind. http://www.maypro.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Shellac CAS 9000-59-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-549-9 INS904; E904 Synonyms: Bleached shellac; Button lac; Garnet lac; Gum lac; Lac; Lacca; Lac resin; Shellac gum; Shellac orange S-40; Stick lac; White shellac Classification: Fatty acid Definition: Purified and bleached lac, the resinous secretion of the insect Laccifer (Tachardia) lacca Properties: Off-wh. to brn. amorphous gran. solid, very little odor; slowly sol. in alcohol; sl. 1889

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference sol. in acetone, ether, benzene, petrol. ether; insol. in water; dens. ≈ 1.15 kg/l; m.p. 115-120 C; acid no. 73-89 (reg.), 75-91 (refined) Toxicology: Nonallergenic; may cause contact dermatitis Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Coating agent, color diluent, surfacefinishing agent, glazing agent, polishing agent in foods, confectionery, food supplements in tablet form, gum; chewing gum base Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 175.105, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 182.99; 27CFR §21.126, 212.61, 212.90; 40CFR §180.1001; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL; JP compliance (purified shellac and white shellac) Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Alfred L. Wolff GmbH http://www.alwolff.de; Alland & Robert http://www.allandetrobert.fr; Colony Ind.; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Ikeda http://www.ikedabussan.com; Kane Int'l. Mantrose-Haeuser http://www.mbzgroup.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com Roeper GmbH http://www.roeper.de; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Worlée-Chemie http://www.worlee.de/ Trade Names: Mastercote FP 9072 Trade Names Containing: Lac-Glaze 20E; LacGlaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25EN; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N; Mastercote FP 9002 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Shellac cera. See Shellac wax Shellac gum; Shellac orange S-40. See Shellac Shellac wax CAS 97766-50-2; EINECS/ELINCS 307-913-6 Synonyms: Lac resin wax; Shellac cera; Waxes and waxy substances, shellac Definition: Waxy fraction of bleached shellac obtained by physical means Empirical: C16H26O Properties: Hard brown solid Uses: Stabilizer or thickener in cakes; surface-finishing agent in chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.4 Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Shell silver. See Silver SHMP. See Sodium polyphosphate; Sodium hexametaphosphate Shorea robusta gum. See Dammar Siam benzoin. See Gum benzoin Siberian fir needle oil. See Fir (Abies sibirica) needle oil Siberian fir oil. See Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil Sienna. See Iron oxide yellow Silica EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 INS551; E551 Synonyms: Silicic anhydride; Silicium dioxide; Silicon dioxide Classification: Inorganic oxide Definition: Occurs in nature as agate, amethyst, chalcedony, cristobalite, flint, quartz, sand, tridymite, diatomite. The designation silica (silicon dioxide) incl. cryst., amorphous forms which are hydrated or hydroxylated Empirical: O2Si Formula: SiO2 Properties: Transparent crystals or amorphous very fine powd.; pract. insol. in water, alcohol, and acids except hydrofluoric; m.w. 60.09; dens. 2.2 (amorphous), 2.65 (quartz, 0 C); vapor pressure 10 mm Hg (1732 C); m.p. 1710 C; b.p. 2230 C; lowest coeff. of heat expansion; melts to a glass; pH 3.5-4.4 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3160 mg/kg; poison by IP, IV, intratracheal routes; mod. toxic by ing.; prolonged inh. of dust can cause silicosis; suspected human carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Reacts violently with CIF3, MNF3, OF2 1890

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Anticaking agent, carrier, thickener, conditioner, color diluent in foods; stabilizer, chillproofing agent in beer, malt beverages; clarifier in wine; thickener, stabilizer in soft drinks; defoamer in foods; antifoam in animal fats, vegetable oils; adsorbent for dl-α-tocopheryl acetate and pantothenyl alcohol in tableted foods for special dietary use; adjuvant in microcapsule for encapsulating flavoring substances; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.230, 172.480 (limitation 2%), 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1460, 177.2420, 177.2600, 178.3297, 182.90, 182.1711, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Japan approved (2% max. as anticaking), other restrictions; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals, rectals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com BYK-Chemie GmbH http://www.bykchemie.com; Bangs Labs http://www.bangslabs.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Cabot Carbon Ltd; Cabot http://w1.cabotcorp.com Celite http://www.worldminerals.com/celite.html; Charles B. Chrystal http://www.cbchrystal.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chisso Am.; DuPont http://www.dupont.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Gelest http://www.gelest.com; INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Nippon Aerosil http://www.degussa.com/japan/en/company /degussa_group_in_japan/nippon_aerosil.h tml; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; PPG Ind. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; PQ http://www.pqcorp.com Presperse http://www.presperse.com/; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Unimin http://www.unimin.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Whatman http://www.whatman.com Trade Names: Flo-Gard® FF Trade Names Containing: 2X White Sour; AF 9000; AF 9010; AF 9020; AF 9030 Assist LC-5; Britesorb®; Cake D-Lite; Covitol® 700; Descote® Niacinamide 331/3% Doh-Tone; Dri-Mol® 60; Dry Vitamin D3 Type 100 SD; Dry Vitamin E Acetate 50% SD; FloMalt® Levn-Lite®; Myvatex® Texture Lite® K; PanO-Lite®; ProCon™ S; Rocoat® Niacinamide 331/3% Sag 710; Sag 730; Stabil® 9; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder Vitamin B12 0.1% SD See also Diatomaceous earth; Novaculite; Quartz; Silica, amorphous; Silica, amorphous hydrated; Silica, fumed; Silica gel; Silica, hydrated Silica acid. See Silica, hydrated Silica aerogel. See Silica gel Silica, amorphous CAS 112926-00-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Synonyms: Amorphous silica gel; Polyethylenimine-silica; Precipitated silica; Silica, amorphous precipitated; Silica, amorphous, precipitated and gel; Silica gel dessiccant Classification: Mineral Properties: Sp.gr. 2-2.3; oil absorp. 28; GE brightness 90-94; ref. index 1.45; hardness (Mohs) 5-6 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust); harmful dust; avoid inh. Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Adsorbent, anticaking agent, flow control agent, processing aid for foods 1891

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference (table salt, seasonings, powd. sweetener); as aid to convert liqs. into powds.; absorbent for oils and fats in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf; Celite http://www.worldminerals.com/celite.html Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; Kaopolite; Nalco http://www.nalco.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Flo-Gard® AB; Flo-Gard® SP; SiLCRON® G-100; SiLCRON® G-100T; SiLCRON® G-600 SiLCRON® G-601; SiLCRON® G-650; Sipernat® 22; Sipernat® 50S; Sylysia 310P Sylysia 350; Sylysia 370 Trade Names Containing: Britesorb® D300CE Beer Stabilizer; Sylysia 256N; Sylysia 436; Sylysia 456; Viscarin® TP 389 Zeofree® 80; Zeofree® 5162; Zeothix® 265 See also Silica, amorphous hydrated; Silica, fumed Silica, amorphous fumed. See Silica, fumed Silica, amorphous hydrated CAS 7631-86-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Synonyms: Amorphous silica; Hydrated amorphous silica; Silica, amorphous; Silica dioxide Empirical: O2Si Properties: Transparent cryst. or amorphous powd.; tasteless; sol. in HF; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 60.09; dens. 2.2; m.p. 1716-1736 C; b.p. 2230 C; ref. index 1.46; melts to glass at ordinary temps.; chem. resist. to most reagents Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust), when toxic impurities absent; nuisance particulate; transient dermatitis which causes skin dehydration and loss of skin oils HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Clarifier for wine Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Archway Sales http://www.archwaysales.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; CR Mins. http://www.crminerals.com; Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf Chem-Materials http://www.chemmaterials.com; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Gelest http://www.gelest.com; H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; L.V. Lomas http://www.lvlomas.com; Lenape Ind. http://www.lenape.com/; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Nalco http://www.nalco.com PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; PQ http://www.pqcorp.com; Tamms Ind. http://www.tamms.com; Tulco http://www.tulcocorp.com/ Trade Names: SiLCRON® G-910 Trade Names Containing: Britesorb® A 100; Britesorb® D300 Beer Stabilizer; Britesorb® D300CE Beer Stabilizer; Zeosyl® 200 See also Silica Silica, amorphous precipitated; Silica, amorphous, precipitated and gel. See Silica, amorphous Silic acid (polyortho). See Silica, hydrated Silica, crystalline quartz. See Novaculite; Quartz Silica dioxide. See Silica, amorphous hydrated Silica flour. See Quartz Silica, fumed CAS 112945-52-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Synonyms: Amorphous silica dust; CI 77711; Colloidal silica; Colloidal silicon dioxide; Fossil flour; Fumed silica; Fumed silicon dioxide; Pigment white 27; Silica, amorphous; Silica, amorphous fumed; Silica, pyrogenic; Silicic anhydride; Silicon dioxide Definition: High surface area aggregate particles of silica, with min. 89.5% SiO2 content Empirical: O2Si Formula: SiO2 1892

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Wh. to gray fine dusty powd.; odorless; sol. in hydrofluoric acid; insol. in water; m.w. 60.09; sp.gr. 2.1; dens. ≈ 2 lb/ft3 (unpacked); BET surf. area 200-300 m2/g; m.p. 1600 C; ref. index 1.46; hydrophilic Toxicology: ACGIH TLV 10 mg/m3; nuisance dust; LD50 (oral, rat) 3160 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 15 mg/kg; LDLo (IP, rat) 50 mg/kg; poison by IP, IV, and intratracheal routes; mod. toxic by ing.; hazard by inh.; silica fume may cause drying of skin after prolonged exposure; contact lenses should not be worn for handling material; much less toxic than crystalline forms; does not cause silicosis; questionable carcinogen; mutagenic data; tumorigen Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizers, fluorine, oxygen difluoride, chlorine trifluoride Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Rheology control, reinforcing agent, flow aid for foods; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; AluChem http://www.aluchem.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Cabot/Cab-O-Sil http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Wacker Silicones http://www.wackersilicones.com Trade Names: Aeroperl® 300 Pharma; Aerosil® 380; Cab-O-Sil® EH-5; Cab-O-Sil® H-5; Cab-O-Sil® H-5 Cab-O-Sil® HS-5; Cab-O-Sil® LM-130; CabO-Sil® LM-150; Cab-O-Sil® LM-150D; CabO-Sil® M-5 Cab-O-Sil® M-5P; Cab-O-Sil® M-7D; Cab-OSil® MS-75D; Cab-O-Sil® PTG See also Silica; Silica, amorphous Silica gel CAS 63231-67-4; 977052-02-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-545-4 Synonyms: Metasilicic acid; Silica aerogel Definition: A regenerative adsorbent consisting Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

of coherent, continuous three-dimensional network of spherical particles of colloidal silica Empirical: O2Si Formula: SiO2 Properties: Odorless; insol. in water; m.w. 60.09; sp.gr. 2.1 Toxicology: LD50 (mice) 8000 mg/kg; PEL 6 mg/m3; nontoxic; avoid prolonged breathing of dust; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Clarifier for wine; component in antifoams for foods; in dietary supplements Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.1711, GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; FDA approved for buccals, dentals, orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Brown http://www.brownchem.com; DC Chem. http://www.dcchem.co.kr/english/index.asp; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; PQ http://www.pqcorp.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Whatman http://www.whatman.com Zeochem http://www.zeochem.com/ Trade Names: Britesorb™ C935 See also Silica Silica gel dessiccant. See Silica, amorphous Silica glass. See Quartz Silica hydrate. See Silica, hydrated Silica, hydrated CAS 1343-98-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-683-2 Synonyms: Hydrated silica (INCI); Hydrosilicic acid; Polyorthosilicic acid; Polysilicic acid; Precipitated silica; Silica acid; Silic acid (polyortho); Silica hydrate; Silica, precipitated; Silicic acid; Silicic acid hydrate; Silicic acid hydrated; Silicon hydroxide Classification: Inorganic oxide Definition: Occurs in nature as opal; jelly-like 1893

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference precipitate obtained when sodium silicate sol'n. is acidified Empirical: ≈ H2O3Si Formula: SiO2 • xH2O, x varies with method of precipitation and extent of drying Properties: Wh. amorphous powd. or lumps; sol. in hot fixed alkaline hydroxide sol'ns.; insol. in water or acids except hydrofluoric; m.w. 60.08 + water Toxicology: TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust); eye irritant; poison by IV route; TSCA listed Uses: Adsorbent in foods; anticaking agent, flow aid for table salt, powd. sweeteners; clarifier in beer Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 160.105, 160.185, 172.480, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2420, 177.2600, 182.90, 573.940; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; PQ http://www.pqcorp.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Silcasil S; Sipernat® 22S; Sipernat® 50; Zeosyl® 110SD Silica, precipitated. See Silica, hydrated Silica, pyrogenic. See Silica, fumed Silica, quartz. See Quartz Siliceous earth. See Diatomaceous earth Silicic acid. See Silica, hydrated Silicic acid, aluminum sodium salt. See Sodium silicoaluminate Silicic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium metasilicate; Calcium silicate Silicic acid, calcium salt (1:1). See Calcium metasilicate Silicic acid, disodium salt. See Sodium metasilicate Silicic acid hydrate; Silicic acid hydrated. See Silica, hydrated Silicic acid, magnesium salt (1:1). See Magnesium silicate Silicic acid, magnesium salt (1:2). See Magnesium trisilicate Silicic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium silicate Silicic acid (H2SiO3), calcium salt (1:1). See Calcium metasilicate Silicic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium silicate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Silicic anhydride; Silicium dioxide. See Silica Silicon dioxide. See Novaculite; Quartz; Silica, fumed; Silica Silicon dioxide, diatomaceous. See Diatomaceous earth Silicone Synonyms: Organosiloxane; Organosiloxanes; Polymerized siloxane; Polyorganosiloxanes; Silicone polymer; Siloxane; Siloxanes Classification: Organosilicon compd.; thermosetting siloxane polymer Definition: Family of syn. polymers contg. a repeating silicon-oxygen backbone with org. side groups attached via carbon-silicon bonds; classified as fluids, resins, and elastomers Formula: [—OSiR2—]n, R not equal to H Properties: Liq., semisolid, or solid; cis 1 to >1,000,000 cs; water repellent; sol. in most organic solvents Toxicology: Silicone-related diseases can occur, e.g., silicone-induced synovitis and lymphadenopathy, acute and chronic pneumonitis from 'bleeding' from ruptured bag-gel breast implants, pulmonary lesions, granulomatous reactions Precaution: Unhalogenated types combustible Uses: Defoamer in food processing Features: Thermal and oxidative stability; chemically inert; resist. to weathering; good dielec. str.; low surf. tens. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300 Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Crucible D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH/Aerosil & Silanes; Evonik Goldschmidt Evonik Tego GmbH http://www.tego.de/index.de.html; GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com; Genesee Polymers http://www.gpcsilicones.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Reichhold http://www.reichhold.com

1894

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Shin-Etsu http://www.silicone.jp/e/; Transene http://www.transene.com; Veckridge Wacker Silicones http://www.wackersilicones.com; WackerChemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Trade Names: AF 100 FG; AF 8805 FG; AF 8810 FG; AF 8820 FG; AF 8830 FG Dow Corning® 1920 Powdered Antifoam; Foam Blast® 7; Foam Blast® 10; Foam Blast® 10K; Foam Blast® 102K Foamkill® 8G; Foamkill® 618; Foamkill® MSF Conc.; Mazu® DF 100S; Mazu® DF 200S Sag 100; Trans-100; Trans-100 K; Trans-100 PK Trade Names Containing: ProKote™ S35; Trans-278 K See also Dimethicone; Simethicone Silicone emulsion Synonyms: Siloxane emulsion Classification: Organosiloxane Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Defoamer in food processing Regulatory: FDA approved for orals, topicals Manuf./Distrib.: Atlas Refinery http://www.atlasrefinery.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Crucible Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH/Aerosil & Silanes; Genesee Polymers http://www.gpcsilicones.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Soluol http://www.soluol.com; Taylor http://www.taylorchemical.com/; Wacker Silicones http://www.wackersilicones.com Trade Names: Dow Corning® Antifoam 1510US; Dow Corning® Antifoam 1520-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam FG-10; Foam Blast® 150; Foam Blast® 150K

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Foamkill® 836A; Mazu® DF 210S; Silfoam® Emulsion SE 21; Silfoam® Emulsion SE 23; Silfoam® Emulsion SE 25 Trans-5; Trans-5 A; Trans-5 K; Trans-5 PK; Trans-10 Trans-10 A; Trans-10 K; Trans-10 M; Trans10 PK; Trans-20 Trans-20 A; Trans-20 K; Trans-20 PK; Trans-30; Trans-30 K Trans-30 PK; Trans-1030; Trans-1030 K Trade Names Containing: Trans-278 See also Dimethicone; Simethicone Silicone fluid. See Polydimethylsiloxane Silicone oil. See Dimethylsiloxane; Polydimethylsiloxane Silicone oils. See Dimethylsiloxane Silicone polymer. See Silicone Silicon hydroxide. See Silica, hydrated Siloxane. See Silicone Siloxane, dimethyl-. See Dimethylsiloxane Siloxane emulsion. See Silicone emulsion Siloxanes. See Silicone Siloxanes and silicones, dimethyl-. See Dimethylsiloxane Siloxanes and silicones, dimethyl, reaction prods. with silica CAS 67762-90-7 Synonyms: Dimethyl silicones and siloxanes, reaction prods. with silica; Methylated silica Regulatory: Canada DSL Trade Names Containing: Dow Corning® Antifoam 1500 Silver CAS 7440-22-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-131-3 UN 3089; INS174; E174 Synonyms: Argentum; CI 77820; Shell silver; Silver atom; Silver, colloidal Classification: Metallic element Empirical: Ag Properties: Soft ductile malleable lustrous wh. metal; sol. in fused alkali hydroxides in presence of air, in fused alkali peroxides; insol. in water; not attacked by water or atmospheric oxygen; inert to most acids; at.wt. 107.868; dens. 10.50 (15 C); m.p. 961.93 C; b.p. 2212 C; exc. conductor of heat and electricity Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (metal), 0.01 mg/m3 (sol. compds. as Ag); STEL (15 min) 0.3 mg/m3; TCLo (inh., human) 1 mg/m3; nontoxic but prolonged absorption of compds. can cause grayish discoloration of skin (argyria); human 1895

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference systemic effects (skin effects) on inh.; overexposure may cause nasal septum, skin irritation, ulceration, GI upset; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. solid; flamm. in dust form when exposed to flame or by chem. reaction with C2H2, NH3, bromoazide, ClF3, ethylene imine, H2O2, oxalic acid, H2SO4, tartaric acid; incompat. with acetylene, carboxylic acids, etc. Uses: Colorant in foods; colorant in liqueurs, external coating of confectionery, chocolates (EC) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.2500; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Asarco http://www.asarco.com; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Handy & Harman http://www.handyharman.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Silver atom. See Silver Silver balsam. See Cade oil Silver, colloidal. See Silver Silver drops. See Cade oil Silver fir (Abies alba) needles and twigs CAS 8021-27-0; EINECS/ELINCS 289-870-2 Synonyms: Abies alba; Abies alba needles and twigs; Silver fir needles and twigs Definition: Needles and twigs of Abies alba Properties: Cl. pale yel. liq.; soluble in oils and organic solvents; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.8700.910; flash pt. (CC) 32 C; ref. index 1.4681.478 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in closed container in a dry place away from sunlight Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Features: Terpeny, coniferous, pinewoody; taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com

(Abies alba) needles and twigs Silver fir oil; Silver pine oil. See Fir (Abies alba) needle oil Simethicone CAS 8050-81-5 Synonyms: α-(Trimethylsilyl)-ωmethylpoly[oxy(dimethylsilylene)], mixt. with silicon dioxide Definition: Mixture of dimethicone with an avg. chain length of 200-350 dimethylsiloxane units and hydrated silica gel Formula: (CH3)3SiO[SI(CH3)2O]nSi(CH3)3, n = 200-350 Properties: Hazy translucent visc. fluid; sol. in chloroform, ether; insol. in water and alcohol; dens. 0.965-0.970; ref. index ≈ 1.404; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IV, dog) 900 mg/kg HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Defoamer, processing aid for foods, brewing, fermentation; water repellent, anticaking agent in foods; chewing gum base Regulatory: Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals, rectals, topicals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; CoKEM Assoc.; Dow Corning http://www.dowcorning.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH/Aerosil & Silanes Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GE Silicones http://www.gesilicones.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; HallStar http://www.cphall.com Lanaetex Prods.; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem

Silver fir needles and twigs. See Silver fir Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1896

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.upichem.com; Wacker Silicones http://www.wackersilicones.com Trade Names: Dow Corning® Antifoam A Compd., Food Grade; Dow Corning® Antifoam AF Emulsion, Food Grade; Dow Corning® Antifoam C Emulsion; Silbione™ 70462; Silfar® S 184 Silfar® SE 4; Silicone Antifoam Emulsion SE 9 Trade Names Containing: Dow Corning® Q72587; Dow Corning® Medical Antifoam AF Emulsion Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil. See Jojoba (Buxus chinensis) oil Sine adipe lac. See Nonfat dry milk Skatol. See Skatole Skatole CAS 83-34-1; EINECS/ELINCS 201-471-7 FEMA 3019 Synonyms: 3-Methylindole; 3-Methyl-1Hindole; β-Methylindole; 3-MI; Scatole; Skatol Classification: 5-Membered fused aromatic heterocyclic Empirical: C9H9N Properties: Wh. scales or powd.; browns on aging; fecal odor; sol. in water, alcohol, chloroform, ether, benzene; sol. 1 g/10 ml methanol; m.w. 131.18; m.p. 95-97 C; b.p. 265-266 C; flash pt. 132 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3450 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 175 mg/kg; poison by ing., IV, and IP routes; mod. toxic by subcut. route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Protect from light; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Morata Global Private http://www.morayaglobal.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Skim milk Uses: Preservative, antimicrobial, bacteriostat, shelf-life extender, flavor enhancer in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Induxtra de Suministros Llorella SA http://www.induxtra.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trade Names: MicroGARD® MG 300; MicroGARD® MG Guardian 300 CM1-50 Trade Names Containing: BV 40 Slaked lime. See Calcium hydroxide Sloe berries. See Blackthorn berries (Prunus spinosa) Sloe berries extract. See Sloe (Prunus spinosa) berries extract Sloe (Prunus spinosa) berries extract CAS 90105-94-5 FEMA 3021 Synonyms: Prunus spinosa; Prunus spinosa berries extract; Sloe berries extract Definition: Extract of the berries of Prunus spinosa Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS SLS. See Sodium lauryl sulfate Smallage oil. See Lovage (Levisticum officinale) oil SME. See Methyl soyate Smellage oil. See Lovage (Levisticum officinale) oil Smilax aristolochiaefolia; Smilax aristolochiaefolia extract. See Sarsaparilla (Smilax aristolochiaefolia) extract SMO. See Sorbitan oleate SMS. See Sorbitan stearate Snakeroot. See Serpentaria (Aristolochia clematitis) extract Snakeroot (Asarum canadense) oil CAS 8016-69-1 FEMA 3023 Synonyms: Asarum canadense; Asarum canadense oil; Canadian snakeroot oil; Snakeroot, Canadian, oil; Snakeroot oil, Canadian; Wild ginger, Canadian, oil; Wild ginger oil Classification: Essential oil Definition: Oil from Asarum canadense; found in wild ginger Properties: Yel. to yel.-amber liq.; sp. gr. 0.9470.998; acid no. 1.9-7.5; ref. index 1.48431.5015 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; FEMA 1897

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GRAS; Canada DSL Snakeroot, Canadian, oil; Snakeroot oil, Canadian. See Snakeroot (Asarum canadense) oil Snakeweed. See Serpentaria (Aristolochia clematitis) extract Soapbark. See Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) Soap clay. See Bentonite Soda alum. See Sodium alum Soda ash; Soda calcined. See Sodium carbonate Soda lye. See Sodium hydroxide Sodamide. See Sodium amide Soda mint. See Sodium bicarbonate Soda niter; Soda nitre. See Sodium nitrate Soda phosphate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Sodium acetate (INCI). See Sodium acetate anhydrous Sodium acetate acidic. See Sodium diacetate Sodium acetate anhydrous CAS 127-09-3; 977127-84-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-823-8 FEMA 3024; INS262(i); E262 Synonyms: Acetic acid sodium salt anhydrous; Sodium acetate (INCI) Classification: Saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid salt Empirical: C2H3NaO2 Formula: CH3COONa Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst., gran. powd., or flakes, odorless or faint acetous odor, sl. bitter saline taste; sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 82.04; sp.gr. 1.53; m.p. 324 C; pH 7.5-9.2 (3%) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3530 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 8000 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 335 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 10 g/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; skin and eye irritant; migrates to food from pkg. material; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible dust; may form explosive dust-air mixts.; violent reactions with F2, KNO3, diketene Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store @ R.T. Uses: Food additive; flavoring agent, adjuvant, pH control agent, buffer, preservative, sequestrant for foods, meat preservation; boiler water additive (food contact); migrating to food from cotton in dry food pkg. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §150.141, 150.161, 173.310, 182.70, 184.1721, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for parenterals, ophthalmics, orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Daito Chem. Ind. http://www.dcg.co.jp/english.html; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com Fallek; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Kemira ChemSolutions BV http://www.kemira.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Niacet http://www.niacet.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Universal 1898

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names: Niacet Sodium Acetate 60% FCC; Niacet Sodium Acetate Anhyd. FCC Sodium acetate trihydrate CAS 6131-90-4; EINECS/ELINCS 204-823-8 Synonyms: Acetic acid sodium salt trihydrate Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Empirical: C2H3NaO2 • 3H2O Formula: CH3COONa • 3H2O Properties: Wh. cryst. or gran. solid; sol. in water forming sl. alkaline sol'ns.; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 136.08; pH 7.5-9.2 (3%); loses water of cryst. above 120 C Toxicology: Irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Flavoring agent, adjuvant, pH control agent in foods Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §184.1721, GRAS; FDA approved for parenterals, orals, injectables Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Daito Chem. Ind. http://www.dcg.co.jp/english.html; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Niacet http://www.niacet.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Sodium acid acetate. See Sodium diacetate Sodium acid carbonate. See Sodium bicarbonate Sodium acid phosphate. See Sodium phosphate Sodium acid pyrophosphate CAS 7758-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-835-0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

INS450(i) Synonyms: Acid sodium pyrophosphate; Diphosphoric acid disodium salt; Disodium dihydrogen diphosphate; Disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate; Disodium diphosphate; Disodium pyrophosphate (INCI); DSPP; SAPP Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: H2Na2O7P2 Formula: Na2H2P2O7 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in water producing acidic sol'ns.; m.w. 221.94; dens. 1.862; m.p. 220 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2650 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ingestion and subcutaneous routes; irritant to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx and Na2O Uses: Sequestrant, leavening agent, buffer, pH control agent, suspending agent, flavor preservative, crystallization inhibitor, emulsifier, stabilizer, color enhancer, water retention agent in foods; potato antidarkening; peptizing agent in cheese/meat prods., frozen desserts, meat treating; hog/poultry scald agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 137.180, 161.190, 182.1087, 182.6787, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Europe listed; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prayon Inc http://www.prayon.com 1899

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Aerophos® P; Albrite® SAPP Food Grade; BP Pyro; Donut Pyro®; Perfection® Puron AG; Puron F; Puron SR; SAPP-NL; SAPP 26 SAPP 28; SAPP #4; SAPP 40; SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 Taterfos®; Victor Cream® Trade Names Containing: ADM Cream Acid Salt; Aeromix® G; Aeromix® M; Antelope Aerator; Arcon® SF Arcon® SH; Curavis® 250; Curavis® 350; Lacticol® CFT; NP-4 PenCrisp® 905; Snow Fresh® Sodium acid sulfate; Sodium acid sulfate solid. See Sodium bisulfate Sodium acid sulfite. See Sodium bisulfite Sodium adipate INS356; E356 Synonyms: Adipic acid sodium salt Formula: Na2C6H8O4 Properties: M.w. 190.105 Uses: pH control agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Chemos GmbH http://www.chemos-group.com; Dr. Paul Lohmann http://www.lohmann4minerals.com Sodium alginate. See Algin Sodium N-alkylbenzenesulfonate CAS 8046-53-5 Synonyms: Alkylbenzenesulfonate sodium; Benzenesulfonic acid, alkyl deriv., sodium salts Definition: Alkyl group predominantly C12 and C13 and not less than 95% C10-C16 Uses: Washing/lye peeling of fruits/vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§173.315, 175.105 Sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, branched. See Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Sodium alum CAS 7784-28-3; 10102-71-3; EINECS/ELINCS 233-277-3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

INS521 Synonyms: Alum; Aluminum sodium bis (sulfate); Aluminum sodium sulfate; SAS; Soda alum; Sodium aluminum sulfate; Sulfuric acid, aluminum sodium salt (2:1:1) Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Avail. commercially as the dodecahydrate Empirical: AlNaO8S2; AlNaO8S2 • 12H2O Formula: AlNaO8S2 (anhyd.), NaAl(SO4)2 • 12H2O (dodecahydrate) Properties: Anhyd.: Slowly sol. in water; insol. in ethanol; m.w. 242.10; Dodecahydrate: Colorless cryst. or wh. gran. or powd.; highly sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol; m.w. 458.29; dens. 1.675; m.p. 61 C; noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 mg/m3 (sol. salts, as Al); weak sensitizer; local contact may cause dermatitis; irritant; dust may react with moisture in air to form weak sulfuric acid mists (nose/throat irritant); ing. of lg. doses may cause GI irritation, stomach burns, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O Uses: Food additive; buffer, firming agent, neutralizer, leavening agent for foods, baked goods, pickles; sugar refining; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Features: Multipurpose Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 178.3120, 182.90, 182.1131, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com Sodium aluminosilicate. See Sodium silicoaluminate Sodium aluminum phosphate. See Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic CAS 7785-88-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-090-4 INS541(i) Synonyms: Aluminum sodium phosphate; Phosphoric acid, aluminum sodium salt; SALP; SAP; Sodium aluminum phosphate Definition: Avail. commercially as the tetrahydrate Empirical: H14Al3NaO32P8 • 4H2O Formula: NaAl3H14(PO4)8 • 4H2O 1900

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; sol. in HCl; insol. in water; m.w. 877.81 (anhyd.), 949.88 (tetrahydrate) Toxicology: Nuisance dust Storage: Sl. hygroscopic; store in well-sealed containers Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent, acidulant, pH control agent, leavening agent for foods, cakes, pancake mixes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 137.105, 137.180, 137.270, 182.90, 182.1781, GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whiting-chemicals.co.uk Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Kasal®; Levair® Trade Names Containing: Actif-8®; BL-60®; Dough-Rise™; Levn-Lite®; Pan-O-Lite® Royal Baking Powd.; Stabil® 9 Sodium aluminum phosphate basic INS541(ii) Synonyms: Kasal; Phosphoric acid sodium aluminum salt, basic Definition: Mixt. of alkaline sodium aluminum phosphate and dibasic sodium phosphate Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; sol. in HCl; very sl. sol. in water Toxicology: Nuisance dust HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Emulsifier, pH control agent in foods, processed cheese Regulatory: Europe listed; UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Kasal® Sodium aluminum silicate. See Sodium silicoaluminate Sodium aluminum sulfate. See Sodium alum Sodium amide CAS 7782-92-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-971-0 UN 1425 (DOT) Synonyms: Sodamide Empirical: H2NNa Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Formula: NaNH2 Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. powd.; sparingly sol. in liq. NH3; dec. in water and hot alcohol; m.w. 39.02; m.p. 210 C; b.p. 400 C Toxicology: Intense irritant to tissue, skin, eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. by chemical reaction; ignites or explodes with heat or grinding; explosive reaction with moisture, halocarbons oxidants, sodium nitrite, air; reacts with water to produce heat and toxic fumes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of NH3 and Na2O Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Catalyst for transesterification of rendered animal fats Regulatory: USDA 9CFR §318.7 (must be eliminated during processing); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alkali Metals Ltd http://www.alkalimetals.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; D&O http://dochem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Sodium aminoacetate. See Sodium glycinate Sodium ascorbate CAS 134-03-2; EINECS/ELINCS 205-126-1 INS301; E301 Synonyms: L-Ascorbic acid monosodium salt; L(+)-Ascorbic acid sodium salt; Monosodium ascorbate; Monosodium Lascorbate; Sodium L-ascorbate; Vitamin C sodium salt Definition: Commercial prod. is the natural L(+)enantiomer Empirical: C6H7NaO6 Properties: Wh. to yel. cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless; sol. in water with gradual air oxidation; very sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in chloroform, ether; m.w. 198.11; dec. 218 C; pH 7-8 (10%); relatively stable in air Toxicology: Human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 1901

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Storage: Light-sensitive; darkens on exposure to light Uses: Preservative, antioxidant, color fixing agent, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, prepared meat, dairy, baby prods., curing meat Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §155.200, 182.3731, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for parenterals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF AG http://www.basf.de BASF http://www.basf.com; Bimal Pharma Chem; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; HoffmannLaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; Ruger Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Spice King; Takeda UK http://www.takeda.co.uk/; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Sodium Ascorbate USP, FCC Trade Names Containing: Beta Carotene 1% CWS; EM 12; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Lutein DC LycoVit® 10% DC Sodium L-ascorbate. See Sodium ascorbate Sodium aspartate CAS 3792-50-5 (monohydrate); 17090-93-6; EINECS/ELINCS 223-264-0; 241-155-6 Synonyms: Aspartic acid sodium salt; LAspartic acid sodium salt; L-Aspartic acid sodium salt monohydrate; Sodium Laspartate Definition: Sodium salt of aspartic acid Empirical: C4H6NO4 • Na Properties: Colorless to wh. prisms; m.w. 173.11 (monohydtate) Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Sodium L-aspartate. See Sodium aspartate Sodium bentonite Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Colloid http://www.colloid.com; Wyo-Ben http://www.wyoben.com Trade Names: Volclay® KWK Agglomerated; Volclay® KWK Food Grade; Volclay® KWK Krystal Klear Trade Names Containing: Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 Sodium-1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one-1,1-dioxide. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous 1902

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sodium benzoate CAS 532-32-1; EINECS/ELINCS 208-534-8 FEMA 3025; INS211; E211 Synonyms: Benzoate of soda; Benzoate sodium; Benzoic acid sodium salt; Sodium benzoic acid Classification: Aromatic carboxylic acid salt Definition: Sodium salt of benzoic acid Empirical: C7H5NaO2 Formula: C6H5COONa Properties: Wh. gran. or cryst. powd., odorless, sweetish astringent taste; very sol. in water; sparingly sol. in alcohol; m.w. 144.11; m.p. > 300 C; pH ≈ 8; stable in air Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4.07 g/kg, (IV, rat) 1714 µg/kg, (intramuscular, mouse) 2306 mg/kg; poison by subcut., IV routes; mod. toxic by ing., IP, intramuscular routes; may cause human intolerance reaction, asthma, rashes, hyperactivity, nausea, vomiting; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with acids, ferric salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Preservative, antimicrobial, flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods; mold inhibitor for tobacco; antimycotic migrating from food pkg. Features: Rec. esp. in sl. acidic media Use Level: 0.1% (parenterals), 0.08% (dentifrices), 4.75-5% (injectables), 0.02-0.5% (orals); 0.5% max. (as benzoic acid in finished cosmetics) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §146.152, 146.154, 150.141, 150.161, 166.40, 166.110, 181.22, 181.23, 184.1733; GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; EPA reg.; Canada DSL; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved with limitations; Europe listed 0.5% as acid; FDA approved for dentals, orals, rectals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Air Products San Fu http://www.airproducts.com.tw/; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Emerald Kalama Chem. http://www.emeraldmaterials.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; Fallek; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fitltd.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; HoffmannLaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jan Dekker BV http://www.jandekker.com/ Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de

1903

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whiting-chemicals.co.uk; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Trigon Chemie GmbH http://www.trigon-de.com/; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Velsicol http://www.velsicol.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names: Probenz® SG; Sodium Benzoate, Powder FCC Food Grade/E211/EP Grade Trade Names Containing: Sporban Regular; Vitamin B12 0.1% SD Sodium benzoic acid. See Sodium benzoate Sodium o-benzosulfamide dihydrate. See Saccharin sodium dihydrate Sodium benzosulfimide; Sodium obenzosulfimide. See Saccharin sodium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

anhydrous Sodium biborate decahydrate. See Sodium borate decahydrate Sodium bicarbonate CAS 144-55-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-633-8 INS500(ii); E500 Synonyms: Baking soda; Bicarbonate of soda; Carbonic acid monosodium salt; Monosodium carbonate; Soda mint; Sodium acid carbonate; Sodium hydrogen carbonate Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: CHNaO3 Formula: NaHCO3 Properties: Wh. powd. or cryst. lumps, sl. alkaline taste; sol. in water; sl. sol. in ethanol; m.w. 84.01; dens. 2.159; stable in dry air, slowly dec. in moist air; pH 8.3 (0.1M sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4220 mg/kg; low toxicity by ing.; irritant; harmless to the skin; leaves an alkaline residue that may cause irritation; nuisance dust; human systemic effects (potassium/sodium level changes, inc. urine volume, metabolic acidosis; nausea, vomiting, respiratory changes); excessive ing. of sodium may be detrimental to certain persons; experimental teratogen; mutagen; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Moisture-sensitive; store in cool, dry place; keep containers sealed Uses: Alkali, leavening agent, aerating agent, diluent, pH control agent, anticaking agent in foods; poultry scald agent; mfg. of effervescent salts and beverages, artificial mineral water; animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 137.180, 137.270, 155.191, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 173.385, 178.1010, 184.1736, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Canada DSL; Japan approved; Europe listed; FDA approved for injectables, parenterals, ophthalmics, orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland 1904

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.ashchem.com; Balchem http://www.balchem.com Biologos http://www.biologos.com/; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Brunner Mond http://www.brunnermond.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Church & Dwight http://www.ahperformance.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; DC Chem. http://www.dcchem.co.kr/english/index.asp; EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; GivaudanQuest Int'l. Flavors and Fragrances USA/Fragrances; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Hummel Croton http://www.hummelcroton.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Melchemie bv http://www.melchemie.com/; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de Mosaic http://www.mosaicco.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Natrium Prods. http://www.natrium.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SPI Pharma http://www.spipharma.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Sodium Bicarbonate Fine Granular USP/FCC Trade Names Containing: Aerobake® M19; EM 14; PenCrisp® 905; Royal Baking Powd.; Sodium Bicarbonate Treated Free Flowing Sodium 2-biphenylolate; Sodium biphenyl-2-yl oxide. See Sodium o-phenylphenate Sodium biphosphate. See Sodium phosphate Sodium 1,4-bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate; Sodium bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Sodium bisulfate CAS 7681-38-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-665-7 UN 1821 (solid) (DOT); UN 2837 (sol'n.) (DOT); INS514(ii); E514 Synonyms: Acid sodium sulfate; Nitre cake; Sodium acid sulfate; Sodium acid sulfate solid; Sodium bisulfate, fused; Sodium bisulfate solid; Sodium hydrogen sulfate; Sodium pyrosulfate; Sulfuric acid monosodium salt Empirical: HNaO4S Formula: NaHSO4 Properties: Colorless cryst. or wh. fused lumps; odorless; sol. in water; dec. by ethanol; m.w. 120.07; dens. 2.435 (13 C); m.p. > 315 C (dec.) Toxicology: Corrosive irritant to respiratory system, mucous membranes, skin, and eyes; causes burns; mutagenic data; TSCA listed 1905

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Corrosive; reacts with moisture to form sulfuric acid; incompat. with calcium hypochlorite Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O Storage: Hygroscopic; keep well closed Uses: Acidulant, preservative for foods, fresh and dried fruits, lemon juice, meat, fresh vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 182.3739, GRAS (not for use in meats, vitamin B1 sources, raw fruits and vegetables); FDA approved for inhalants, ophthalmics, orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jones Hamilton http://www.joneshamilton.com/ Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Sodium bisulfate, fused; Sodium bisulfate solid. See Sodium bisulfate Sodium bisulfite CAS 7631-90-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-548-0 UN 2693 (sol'n.) (DOT); UN 2949; INS222; E222 Synonyms: Acid sodium sulfite; Hydrogen sulfite sodium; Sodium acid sulfite; Sodium bisulfite (1:1); Sodium bisulfite, solid; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium bisulfite, solution; Sodium hydrogen sulfite; Sodium sulfhydrate; Sulfurous acid monosodium salt Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: HO3S • Na Formula: NaHSO3 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., SO2 odor, disagreeable taste; very sol. in hot or cold water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 104.06; dens. 1.48; m.p. 315 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 2000 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 475 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 115 mg/kg; poison by IV and IP routes; mod. toxic by ing.; corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; allergen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Corrosive Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Acidulant, antioxidant, preservative, bleaching agent in foods Features: Not for use on meats, sources of vitamin B1, raw fruits and vegetables, or fresh potatoes Use Level: 0.3-0.75% (sympathomimetic/aminoglycoside medications) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §161.173, 173.310, 177.1200, 182.3739, GRAS; Europe listed; FDA approved for parenterals, inhalants, ophthalmics, orals, topicals; SARA reportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Grillo-Werke AG http://www.grillo.de; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com; Independent 1906

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; PVS http://www.pvschemicals.com; Penreco http://www.penreco.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Primachem; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Southern Ionics http://www.southernionics.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk See also Sodium metabisulfite Sodium bisulfite (1:1); Sodium bisulfite, solid; Sodium bisulfite, solution. See Sodium bisulfite Sodium borate decahydrate CAS 1303-96-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-540-4 E285 Synonyms: Borax; Borax decahydrate; Boric acid disodium salt; Sodium biborate decahydrate; Sodium pyroborate decahydrate; Sodium tetraborate decahydrate Classification: Borate Empirical: B4Na2O7 • 10H2O Formula: Na2B4O7 • 10H2O Properties: Wh. hard crystals, granules, or cryst. powd.; odorless; efflorescent; sol. 1 g/16 ml water, 1 ml glycerol; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 381.37; dens. 1.73; m.p. 75 C; b.p. 320 C (becomes anhyd.); decomp. pt. 1575 C; pH ≈ 9.5 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 2660 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 2711 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 1320 mg/kg; poison by subcut. route; mod. toxic by ing., IV, IP routes; mod. toxic to humans by ing.; irritant; effect on seizure threshold; ing. of 5-10 g by children can cause severe Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

vomiting, diarrhea, shock, and death; experimental reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with acids, alkaloidal and metallic salts; explosive reaction with zirconium when heated Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O, boron HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed container away from incompat. materials Uses: Mfg. of food pkg. paper/paperboard (adhesives, sizes, coatings) Features: Illegal for use in foods incl. wax coatings for fruits and vegetables; MID permitted in export meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.210, 176.180, 177.2800, 181.22, 181.30; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Belinka http://www.belinka.si Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; U.S. Borax http://www.borax.com/ Xiamen Topusing http://www.topusing.com Trade Names: Borax; Borax Decahydrate NF; Borax Decahydrate SQ; Borax Decahydrate Techinical Grade Sodium borohydride CAS 16940-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 241-004-4 UN 1325; 1426 (DOT) Synonyms: SBH; Sodium tetrahydridoborate; Sodium tetrahydroborate Empirical: H4BNa Formula: NaBH4 Properties: Wh. to grayish-wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in water, ammonia, amines, pyridine, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether; insol. in other ethers, hydrocarbons, alkyl chlorides; stable in dry air to 300 C; dec. in moist air; m.w. 37.83; 1907

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference m.p. 497 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 18 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, rat) 160 mg/kg; poison by ing. and IP routes; corrosive; strong alkali; severe eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flammable; dangerous fire risk; ignites in air above 288 C when exposed to spark; reacts with water to evolve hydrogen and sodium hydroxide; explosive and violent reactions possible; emits flamm. vapors on contact with acid fumes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Storage: Hygroscopic; store out of contact with water; do not store in glass containers Uses: Prep. of modified hop extract for beer making Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.560; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemetall Foote http://www.chemetalllithium.com/; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Morton Int'l. http://www.morton.com; http://www.rohmhaas.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com PCAS http://www.pcas.fr; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Sodium butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium nbutyl-4-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium butyl-phydroxybenzoate. See Sodium butylparaben Sodium butylparaben CAS 36457-20-2; EINECS/ELINCS 253-049-7 Synonyms: Butylparaben, sodium salt; pHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hydroxybenzoic acid, butyl ester, sodium salt; Sodium butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium n-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium butyl-p-hydroxybenzoate Definition: Sodium salt of butylparaben Empirical: C11H14O3 • Na Properties: M.w. 216.23 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 950 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 230 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods Regulatory: BP compliance Trade Names: Nipabutyl Sodium Sodium calcium edetate. See Calcium disodium EDTA Sodium calcium polyphosphate INS452(iii); E452(iii) Synonyms: Sodium calcium polyphosphate, glassy Classification: Polyphosphate Formula: (NaPO3)n, typ. n = 5 Properties: Wh. glassy cryst., spheres Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, pH control agent, raising agent, sequestrant, water retention agent in foods Regulatory: EU approved food additive Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Sodium calcium polyphosphate, glassy. See Sodium calcium polyphosphate Sodium caprate CAS 1002-62-6; EINECS/ELINCS 213-688-4 INS470; E470a Synonyms: N-Capric acid, sodium salt; Decanoic acid, sodium salt; Sodium-ndecanoate Classification: Sodium salt of fatty acids Empirical: C10H19NaO2 Properties: Solid; m.w. 194.25; m.p. 240 C Precaution: Keep away from heat and sources of ignition; do not breathe dust; incompat. with oxidizing agents; avoid contact with eyes and skin; do not breathe dust; ear safety glasses, gloves, and lab coat; use respirator HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in well-ventilated area @ ≤ 8 C 1908

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference

Sodium carbonate CAS 497-19-8 (anhyd.); 5968-11-6 (monohydrate); 6132-02-1 (decahydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 207-838-8

INS500(i); E500 Synonyms: Bisodium carbonate; Calcined soda; Carbonic acid disodium salt; Crystol carbonate; Disodium carbonate; Natron; Sal soda; Soda ash; Soda calcined; Sodium carbonate (2:1); Washing soda Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: CO3 • 2Na Formula: Na2CO3 Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless, alkaline taste; sol. in water, glycerol; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 105.99 (anhyd.), 124.00 (monohydrate); dens. 2.509 (0 C); m.p. 109 C (loses water 851 C); b.p. dec., does not form vapor; pH 11.5 (1% aq.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4090 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 117 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 2210 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 2 h) 2300 mg/m3; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by inh. and subcut. routes; mildly toxic by ing.; skin and eye irritant; experimental reproductive effects; migrates to food from pkg. materials; TSCA listed Precaution: Violent reactions with Al, P2O5, H2SO4, F2, Li, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Antioxidant, curing agent, pickling agent, flavoring agent/adjuvant, pH control agent, alkali, processing aid, sequestrant, fat rendering agent, raising agent, anticaking agent in foods; boiler water additive (food contact); in beer malting; intermediate for phosphates for improving foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 172.824, 173.310, 184.1742, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Canada DSL; Japan approved; Europe listed; FDA approved for injectables, parenterals, ophthalmics, orals, rectals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance; BP, EP compliance (decahydrate) Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Amyl

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1909

Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.863; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Sodium caprylate CAS 1984-06-1; EINECS/ELINCS 217-850-5 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Caprylic acid sodium salt; Octanoic acid sodium salt; Sodium octanoate; Sodium n-octanoate Classification: Nonaromatic acid salt Empirical: C8H15NaO2 Formula: CH3(CH2)6COONa Properties: Clear solid; sol. in water; m.w. 166.20; m.p. ≈ 245 C Toxicology: Mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors, COx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.863; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Sodium capryl sulfate. See Sodium octyl sulfate

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.amyl.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Boith China http://www.boith.com Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brunner Mond http://www.brunnermond.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; DC Chem. http://www.dcchem.co.kr/english/index.asp EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Natrium Prods. http://www.natrium.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Ulrich Chem. http://www.ulrichchem.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Viscarin® PS 3377 Sodium carbonate (2:1). See Sodium carbonate Sodium carbonate peroxide (INCI); Sodium carbonate peroxohydrate; Sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate. See Sodium percarbonate Sodium 2-(1-carboxyethoxy)-1-methyl-2oxoethyl octadecanoate. See Sodium stearoyl lactylate Sodium carboxymethylcellulose. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, enzymatically hydrolyzed INS469; E469 Synonyms: Carboxymethyl cellulose, enzymatically hydrolyzed; Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium, partially enzymatically hydrolyzed; Enzymatically hydrolyzed carboxymethylcellulose Definition: Obtained by enzymatic digestion of carboxymethylcellulose with a cellulase produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum Uses: Thickener, stabilizer in foods Sodium carboxymethyl starch. See Sodium starch glycolate Sodium carrageenan CAS 9061-82-9; 60616-95-7 INS407 Synonyms: Carrageenan, sodium salt; Sodium carrageenate; Sodium carragenate Definition: Sodium salt of carrageenan; mixt. of highly sulfated polygalactosides extracted from seaweed Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5650 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 8730 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, gellant, thickener in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 136.115, 136.130, 136.160, 136.180, 139.121, 139.122, 150.141, 150.161, 172.626, 176.170; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Sodium carrageenate; Sodium carragenate. See Sodium carrageenan Sodium caseinate CAS 9004-36-3; 9005-46-3 Synonyms: Casein-sodium; Casein-sodium complex; Casein sodium salt; Caseins, sodium complexes Definition: Sodium salt of casein Properties: Wh. coarse powd., odorless, tasteless; insol. in water, alcohol Toxicology: TDLo (subcut., mouse, 15 days intermittent) 45 g/kg; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Food additive; binder, extender, 1910

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference emulsifier, stabilizer, gellant, clarifier in foods, sausage, soups; emulsifier in coffee whiteners, cottage cheese, cream liqueurs, yogurt, processed cheese, some meat prods.; whipping aid for desserts; processing aid in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §135.110, 135.140, 166.110, 182.1748, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; BATF 27CFR §240.1051, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Casein http://www.americancasein.com; Blossom Farm Prods.; Excelpro; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King Trade Names: Alanate Sodium Caseinate; Bindox-HV-051; Bindox-LV-050; EM 6; EM 7 EM 20; EM 25; HMP-26; Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P Trade Names Containing: Activa™ TG-RM; Dairyland C 270; DP 40; DP 644; EM LV Vegapure® 67 WDP Sodium cellulose glycolate. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Sodium chloride CAS 7647-14-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-598-3 Synonyms: Brine; Common salt; Halite; Rock salt; Saline; Salt; Sea salt; Sodium chloride, natural; Sodium chloride, refined; Table salt; White crystal Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Occurs in nature as the mineral halite Empirical: ClNa Formula: NaCl Properties: Colorless transparent cryst. or wh. cryst. powd., saline taste; sol. 1 g/2.8 ml water; sol. in glycerin; very sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 58.45; dens. 2.17; m.p. 804 C; f.p. -20.5 C (23% aq.); pH 6.7-7.3 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3.75 g/kg, (IP, rat) 6614 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 645 mg/kg; poison by IP and intracervical routes; mod. toxic by ing., IV, subcut. routes; human systemic effects (blood pressure increase); skin/eye Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

irritant; ing. of lg. amts. can irritate stomach; terminates human pregnancy by intraplacental route; experimental teratogen; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Explosive reaction possible with dichloromaleic anhydride + urea; reaction with burning lithium forms dangerously reactive Na; molten salt reacts explosively with water @ 1100 C; violent reaction with BrF3 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– and Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store @ R.T. Uses: Preservative, flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, seasoning, curing agent, dough conditioner, nutrient for foods, baked goods, butter, cheese, nuts, poultry; feed supplement; chilling media; migrating to food from paper/paperboard, from cotton in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 2CFR §163.153; 21CFR §131.111, 131.112, 131.138, 131.162, 131.170, 133.123, 133.124, 133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 133.187, 133.188, 133.189, 133.190, 133.195, 136.110, 136.115, 136.130, 136.160, 136.180, 145.110, 145.130, 155, 156, 158, 161.170, 161.173, 161.190, 163.111, 163.112, 163.113, 163.114, 163.117, 163.123, 163.130, 163.135, 163.140, 163.145, 163.150, 163.155, 166.110, 169.115, 169.140, 169.150, 182.1, 182.70, 182.90; USP/NF, BP, EP Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Akzo Nobel Salt http://www.akzonobelsalt.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com British Salt http://www.british-salt.co.uk; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS 1911

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Morton Salt http://www.mortonsalt.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Noah http://www.noahtech.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Olin/Chlor Alkali http://www.olinchloralkali.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp U.S. Salt http://www.ussaltllc.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Culinox® 999® Food Grade Salt; TFC® 999® Salt Trade Names Containing: 2X White Sour; Arco B; Arco B NB; Bake Soft; Cain's PDC (Pizza Dough Conditioner) Cameo Velvet®; Cameo Velvet WT; Dri-Do; Dri-Do Plus; Eversoft Plus Kosher Export Mineral Blend with TCP; Fermaloid®; Ferment Buffer; Gelcarin® ME 8151; Glacier II

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Glutaminase Daiwa C100S; Golden Gate Sour; Goldex® II; Hentex-12; Hentex-76 Improved Paniplus M; KC Yeast Food - No Bromate; KC Yeast Food - No Oxidants; Kleistase E5S; MLO® Morton® Flour Salt; N'Hance (Phase I) Powd.; PenCrisp® 905; Permitex; Rye Sour (Culture) Ry-Fla-Vor; Ry-So; SeaGel® GP 713; SofOne; Star Flake® Dendritic ES Salt Star Flake® Dendritic Salt; Super-Zyme; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Roast Honey Nut Coating; Tang; TFC® H.G. Blending Salt TFC Purex® Salt; Uni-Malt; Vascomix 404; Viscarin® ME 3397; Viscarin® XP-3160 White Sour Sodium chloride, natural. See Sodium chloride Sodium chloride oxide. See Sodium hypochlorite Sodium chloride, refined. See Sodium chloride Sodium chlorite CAS 7758-19-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-836-6 UN 1496 (DOT); UN 1908 (DOT) Synonyms: Chlorous acid, sodium salt Classification: Chlorite salt Empirical: ClNaO2 Formula: NaClO2 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; sol. 1 g/10 ml water; m.w. 90.45; sp.gr. 2.47; dens. 53 lb/ft3; cryst. pt. -7 C; m.p. dec. 180-200 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 165 mg/kg; poison by ing.; corrosive; strong irritant to skin and tissue; questionable carcinogen; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Oxidizer; ignited by friction, heat or shock; an explosive sensitive to impact or heating to 200 C; explosive reactions possible with acids, oils, org. matter, zinc, etc.; violent reaction or ignition possible; reactive with reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of Cl– and Na2O NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Deliq.; sl. hygroscopic Uses: Food processing; bleaching agent for modified food starch; acidified sol'n. as antimicrobial in poultry processing Features: Effective against bacteria, algae, fungi, and viruses Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 173.325, 1912

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 175.105, 186.1750, GRAS as indirect food additive; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com DC Chem. http://www.dcchem.co.kr/english/index.asp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Int'l. Dioxcide http://www.idiclo2.com Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Veckridge Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com; Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com Trade Names: Adox® 3125; Adox® 8125 Trade Names Containing: Oxine®; ProOxine® Sodium cholate; Sodium cholic acid. See Ox bile extract Sodium citrate CAS 18996-35-5; EINECS/ELINCS 242-734-6 INS331(i); E331 Synonyms: 3-Carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid sodium salt; Citric acid monosodium salt; Citric acid sodium salt; 2-Hydroxy1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, monosodium salt; Monosodium citrate (INCI); Monosodium citrate anhydrous; Monosodium-2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3tricarboxylate; MSC; 1,2,3Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monosodium salt; Sodium citrate primary; Sodium dihydrogen citrate Empirical: C6H7NaO7 Formula: HO2CCH2C(OH)(CO2H)CH2CO2Na Properties: Wh. cryst.; odorless; salt or sl. acid taste; easily sol. in water; fairly sol. in ethanol; m.w. 214.11; m.p. 212 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 1348 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 49 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP route; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; avoid dust formation Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Buffer, pH control agent in foods, beverages; sequestrant, emulsifier, stabilizer in foods; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 181.29, GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for injectables, parenterals, inhalants, ophthalmics, orals, rectals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL; stabilizer in food pkg.; in foodcontact coatings Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Albion Inorganic Chems. http://www.albionchemicals.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Gadot 1913

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Jungbunzlauer Int'l. AG http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whiting-chemicals.co.uk; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Quimdis Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com; Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com;

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names Containing: Shokusen SE; Vitamin B12 0.1% SD See also Disodium citrate; Trisodium citrate Sodium citrate (INCI); Sodium citrate anhydrous. See Trisodium citrate Sodium citrate primary. See Sodium citrate Sodium citrate tertiary. See Trisodium citrate Sodium CMC; Sodium CM-cellulose. See Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Sodium copper chlorophyllin. See Chlorophyllin-copper complex Sodium cumeneazo-β-naphthol disulfonate. See Ponceau 3R Sodium cyclamate CAS 139-05-9; EINECS/ELINCS 205-348-9 INS952 Synonyms: Cyclamate; Cyclamate sodium; Cyclamic acid sodium salt; Cyclohexanesulfamic acid, monosodium salt; Cyclohexyl sulfamate sodium; Sodium cyclohexanesulfamate; Sodium cyclohexyl amidosulfate; Sodium cyclohexylsulfamate; Sodium cyclohexyl sulfamidate; Sodium sucaryl; Sucaryl sodium; Sucrosa Empirical: C6H12NNaO3S Formula: C6H11NHSO3Na Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; pract. odorless; pleasantly sweet taste; freely sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether; m.w. 201.24; pH 5.5-7.5 (10%); relatively stable in sol'n. and during heating; m.p. 265 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15.25 g/kg, (IP, rat) 1350 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 3500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV and IP routes; mildly toxic by ing.; suspect carcinogen; experimental reproductive effector, neoplastigen, tumorigen, teratogen; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear splash goggles, dust respirator, gloves, and full suit Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of Na2O, SOx, and NOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Nonnutritive sweetener in foods Features: 30-60 times the sweetness of sucrose Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §189.135; prohibited in foods; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg 1914

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Abbott Labs http://www.abbott.com; Air Products San Fu http://www.airproducts.com.tw/ Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Productos Aditivos http://www.productosaditivos.com; Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Zhong Hua Fang Da http://www.fangda.com.hk/english/ Sodium cyclohexanesulfamate; Sodium cyclohexyl amidosulfate; Sodium cyclohexylsulfamate; Sodium cyclohexyl sulfamidate. See Sodium cyclamate Sodium-n-decanoate. See Sodium caprate Sodium decylbenzenesulfonamide. See Sodium decylbenzene sulfonate Sodium decylbenzene sulfonate CAS 1322-98-1; EINECS/ELINCS 215-347-5 Synonyms: Decylbenzene sodium sulfonate; Decylbenzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt; Sodium decylbenzenesulfonamide Classification: Substituted aromatic compd. Empirical: C16H25O3S • Na Properties: M.w. 320.46; anionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2000 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 115 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; severe eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Defoamer, dispersant, adjuvant in foods; coatings on fresh citrus fruit Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.210, 177.1210, 177.2600, 178.3130, 178.3400; Canada DSL Sodium dehydroacetate CAS 4418-26-2; EINECS/ELINCS 224-580-1 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

INS266 Synonyms: Dehydroacetic acid sodium salt; DHA-Na; 4-Hexenoic acid, 2-acetyl-5hydroxy-3-oxo-, [GD]-lactone, sodium deriv.; 3-(1-Hydroxyethylidene)-6-methyl2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione sodium salt; 2HPyran-2,4(3H)-dione, 3-acetyl-6-methyl-, monosodium salt; Sodium dehydroacetic acid; Sodium dehydroxyacetate; Sodium 1(3,4-dihydro-6-methyl-2,4-dioxo-2H-pyran-3ylidene) ethanolate Classification: Heterocyclic compd. Empirical: C8H7O4 • Na Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, sl. char. taste; sol. in water, propylene glycol, glycerin; insol. in most org. solvs.; heat stable to 120 C; m.w. 190.14; m.p. 109-111 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg, (IV, dog) 400 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; eye irritant; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative in foods; mold inhibitor for strawberries and similar fruit Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.130, 175.105; CIR approved; Japan approved (0.5 g/kg as dehydroacetic acid); Europe listed 0.6% max. (acid); USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Sodium dehydroacetic acid; Sodium dehydroxyacetate. See Sodium dehydroacetate Sodium diacetate CAS 126-96-5 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 204814-9 FEMA 3900; INS262(ii); E262 Synonyms: Sodium acetate acidic; Sodium acid acetate; Sodium hydrogen diacetate 1915

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C4H7NaO4 • xH2O Formula: CH3COONa • CH3COOH Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odor of acetic acid; sol. in water, liberating 42.25% avail. acetic acid; m.w. 142.09 + water; dec. above 150 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4960 mg/kg (neutral); may cause eye or skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Sl. hygroscopic Uses: Antimicrobial, flavoring agent, adjuvant, aroma enhancer, pH control agent, mold inhibitor, preservative, sequestrant in foods, baked goods, meat prods., spice preps.; dough conditioner Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1754, GRAS; Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Contract Chems. Ltd http://www.contractchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Niacet Sodium Diacetate FCC Trade Names Containing: Essiccum®; Essiccum® K; Golden Gate Sour Sodium dichlor; Sodiumdichlorisocyanurate; Sodium dichlorocyanurate. See Sodium dichloroisocyanurate Sodium dichloroisocyanurate CAS 2893-78-9 (anhyd.); 51580-86-0 (dihydrate); 54579-28-1 UN 2465 (DOT) Synonyms: DCCNa; Dichloroisocyanuric acid sodium salt; NaDCC; SDIC; Sodium dichlor; Sodiumdichlorisocyanurate; Sodium dichlorocyanurate; Sodium-1,3-dichloro1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dione-6-oxide; 1-SodiumHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

3,5-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione; 1Sodium-3,5-dichloro-s-triazine-2,4,6-trione; Sodium dichloro-s-triazinetrione; Sodium dichloro-s-triazine-2,4,6-trione; Triclosene sodium Classification: Salt of chlorinated isocyanuric acid Empirical: C3Cl2N3O3 • Na Formula: NaNC(O)NCl(O)NClCO Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. or granules; chlorine odor; sol. 227 g/l in water; sl. sol. in acetone; insol. in ethanol; m.w. 219.95; dens. 0.96 (20 C); m.p. 250 C (dec.); pH 5.8-7.0 (1% aq.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 700-1670 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) 6 g/kg; mod. toxic to humans and animals by ing.; poison by ing., IP, subcut., and IV routes; severe skin and eye irritant; human systemic effects by ing. (ulcerations or bleeding from stomach); may cause GI irritation, lacrimation, dyspnea, emaciation, lethargy, diarrhea, coma; very high dosage can be fatal; experimental teratogen, reproductive effector; TSCA listed Precaution: Powerful oxidizer; incompat. with combustible materials, ammonium salts, nitrogenous materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of Cl–, NOx, Na2O NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 2 Storage: Sl. hygroscopic Uses: Biocide, chlorine source for control of biofouling in food processing; as sanitizing solution for food contact Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §178.1010; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: 3V http://www.3v.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Continental Ind. Group http://www.cigusa.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com Goldlink Industries http://www.goldlinkindustries.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Melchemie bv http://www.melchemie.com/; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/ Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com 1916

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names: NKC-620 DCCNA Sodium-1,3-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dione-6oxide; 1-Sodium-3,5-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine2,4,6-trione; 1-Sodium-3,5-dichloro-s-triazine2,4,6-trione; Sodium dichloro-s-triazinetrione; Sodium dichloro-s-triazine-2,4,6-trione. See Sodium dichloroisocyanurate Sodium di (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Sodium 2,3-dihydro-1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one1,1-dioxide. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous Sodium dihydrogen citrate. See Sodium citrate Sodium dihydrogen phosphate; Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (1:2:1). See Sodium phosphate Sodium 1-(3,4-dihydro-6-methyl-2,4-dioxo-2Hpyran-3-ylidene) ethanolate. See Sodium dehydroacetate Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate CAS 128-04-1 (hydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 204876-7 (hydrate) UN 1760 Synonyms: Carbamodithioic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt; Dibam; Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt; Methyl Namate; SDDC; Sodium N,Ndimethyl dithiocarbamate Empirical: C3H6NS2 • Na; C3H6NNaS2 • nH2O Formula: (CH3)2NCS2Na Properties: Crystals; sol. in water; m.w. 143.19 + aq.; dens. 1.1 (20/20 C); m.p. 95 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1000 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP and subcut. routes; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx, SOx, and Na2O Uses: Antimicrobial in cane-sugar and beetsugar mills Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.320 (3 ppm max.), 175.105, 176.300, 177.2600; SARA reportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alco http://www.alcochemical.com; Boehme Filatex http://www.boehmefilatex.com; Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com; Complex Quimica SA http://www.complexquimica.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Goldlink Industries http://www.goldlinkindustries.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com; Tessenderlo Kerley http://www.tkinet.com/; Venus Ethoxyethers http://www.venusgoa.com Sodium N,N-dimethyl dithiocarbamate. See Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Sodium dioleth-8 phosphate. See Sodium oleth8 phosphate Sodium diphosphate. See Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Sodium disilicate. See Sodium silicate Sodium dithionate; Sodium dithionite. See Sodium hydrosulfite Sodium dodecanoate. See Sodium laurate Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate CAS 25155-30-0; 68081-81-2; 68608-89-9; 85117-50-6; EINECS/ELINCS 246-680-4 Synonyms: Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, sodium salt; Dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate; Dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium salt; Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt; NaDBS; SDBS; Sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, branched; Sodium lauryl benzene sulfonate Classification: Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate Empirical: C18H29O3S • Na Properties: Wh. to lt. yel. flakes, granules, or powd.; m.w. 348.52; anionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 438 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 1330 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 105 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; skin and severe eye irritant; ing. can cause vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Washing water agent for washing/lye peeling of fruits and vegetables; coatings on fresh citrus fruits; denuding agent; poultry scald agent; animal glue adjuvant Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 173.315, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.1630, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.1010, 178.3120, 178.3130, 178.3400; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigma1917

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chem-Tex Labs http://www.chemtexlaboratories.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Intertrade Holdings http://www.itorganics.com; Lidochem http://www.lidochem.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Pilot http://www.pilotchemical.com/; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Tokyo Kasei Kogyo http://www.tokyokasei.co.jp Unger Fabrikker AS http://www.unger.no/ Trade Names: Calsoft® L-60; Rhodacal® DS4; Rhodacal® LDS-22 Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate. See Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium erythorbate CAS 6381-77-7; 7378-23-6; EINECS/ELINCS 228-973-9 INS316 Synonyms: Erythorbic acid sodium salt; DErythro-hex-2-enonic acid, γ-lactone, monosodium salt; Sodium isoascorbate Definition: Sodium salt of erythorbic acid Empirical: C6H7NaO6 • H2O Properties: Wh. free-flowing cryst. powd., odorless; sol. in water forming alkaline sol'ns.; m.w. 216.12; pH 5-6 (aq. sol'ns.) Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, preservative, curing accelerator for foods, baked goods, beef, beverages, cured meat prods., fresh pork, poultry Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §155.200; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; cleared by MID to accelerate color fixing in cured pork and beef cuts; Japan restricted for purpose of antioxidation; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Food Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; PMP Fermentation Prods. http://www.pmpinc.com Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Eribate® Sodium etasulfate. See Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate Sodium ethoxide. See Sodium ethylate Sodium 4-ethoxycarbonylphenoxide. See Sodium ethylparaben Sodium ethylate CAS 141-52-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-487-5 Synonyms: Caustic alcohol; Sodium ethoxide Classification: Organometallic compd. Empirical: C2H5NaO Formula: C2H5O– Na+ Properties: Wh. or ylsh. powd.; darkens on aging; sol. in alcohol; dec. in water; m.w. 68.05; dens. 0.868; ref. index 1.3850; dec. on exposure to air Toxicology: Corrosive; severe irritant; causes burns; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; reacts violently with water; may ignite in moist air; dec. by water into NaOH and alcohol; absorbs CO2 from air Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Storage: Hygroscopic; moisture-sensitive; keep tightly closed in a cool place; protect from light; handle and store under nitrogen Uses: Catalyst for transesterification and isomerization of fats and oils Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. See Tetrasodium EDTA Sodium (2-ethylhexyl) alcohol sulfate. See Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate 1918

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate CAS 126-92-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-812-8 Synonyms: 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt; 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol sulfate sodium salt; 2-Ethylhexyl sodium sulfate; Mono (2-ethylhexyl) sulfate sodium salt; Sodium etasulfate; Sodium (2ethylhexyl) alcohol sulfate; Sulfuric acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt Definition: Sodium salt of 2-ethylhexyl sulfate Empirical: C8H17O4S • Na Properties: M.w. 232.28; sp. gr. 1.12; Anionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4 g/kg, (oral, mouse) 1550 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O Uses: Washing/lye peeling of fruits/vegetables; detergent, wetting agent, emulsifier, penetrant, stabilizer for food processing Features: Low-foaming Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.315, 175.105, 176.170; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Chemron http://www.chemron.com; Dai-ichi Karkaria http://www.dai-ichiindia.com/; Niacet http://www.niacet.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs. Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Rhodapon® BOS; Sulfotex OA

drinks, yogurt Regulatory: FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Trade Names: Nipagin A Sodium Trade Names Containing: Nipasept Sodium® Sodium feldspar. See Sodium silicoaluminate Sodium feredetate. See Sodium ferric EDTA Sodium ferric EDTA CAS 15708-41-5; EINECS/ELINCS 239-802-2 Synonyms: Acetic acid, (ethylenedinitrilo) tetra-, sodium salt; Edathamil monosodium ferric salt; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ferric-sodium salt; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium ferric salt; ((Ethylene dinitrilo) tetraacetato)ferate (1-), sodium; Ferisan; Ferric sodium edetate; Ferric sodium EDTA; Sodium feredetate; Sodium iron EDTA Definition: Commercial prod. is the trihydrate Empirical: C10H12FeN2O8 • Na Properties: Greenish-yel. cryst.; m.w. 367.08 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Environmental: biodegradable; LC50 (fish, 96 h) 2592 mg/l Precaution: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx, Na2O NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Trade Names: Dissolvine® E-FE-13

Sodium ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate. See Sodium ethylparaben

Sodium ferric pyrophosphate. See Ferric sodium pyrophosphate

Sodium ethylparaben CAS 35285-68-8; EINECS/ELINCS 252-487-6 INS215; E215 Synonyms: Ethylparaben, sodium salt; 4Hydroxybenzoic acid, ethyl ester, sodium salt; Sodium 4-ethoxycarbonylphenoxide; Sodium ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate Definition: Sodium salt of ethylparaben Empirical: C9H10O3 • Na Toxicology: May cause asthma, rashes, hyperactivity Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods, beer, flavors, fruit juices, fish, pickles, sauces, soft

Sodium ferrocyanide CAS 13601-19-9; 14434-22-1 (decahydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 237-081-9 INS535 Synonyms: Sodium ferrocyanide decahydrate; Sodium hexacyanoferrate; Sodium hexacyanoferrate (II); Yellow prussiate of soda Definition: Avail. as the decahydrate Empirical: C6FeN6Na4 • 10H2O Formula: Na4Fe(CN)6 • 10H2O Properties: Yel. cryst. or cryst. powd.; sol. in water; pract. insol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 303.92 (anhyd.), 484.06 (decahydrate); dens. 1.458; dec. 435 C; loses water on heating above 50 C

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1919

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Precaution: Do not mix with hot or conc. acids; protect from sunlight to avoid generation of hydrogen cyanide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of CN– Storage: Protect from sunlight Uses: Anticaking agent in table salt; adjuvant in prod. of dendritic crystals of salt; processing aid, crystallization modifier in foods, wine Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.490 (13 ppm max.), 573.1020, GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051 (1 ppm max. residue in finished wine); Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Evonik Degussa UK Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; RitChem http://www.ritchem.com; Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Star Flake® Dendritic ES Salt; Star Flake® Dendritic Salt; TFC® H.G. Blending Salt; TFC Purex® Salt Sodium ferrocyanide decahydrate. See Sodium ferrocyanide Sodium formate CAS 141-53-7; EINECS/ELINCS 205-488-0 INS237 Synonyms: Formic acid sodium salt Classification: Organic salt Empirical: CHNaO2 Formula: HCOONa Properties: Wh. gran. or cryst. powd., sl. formic acid odor; very sol. in water; sol. in glycerol; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 68.01; dens. 1.92 (20 C); m.p. 253 C; dec. @ 261 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 11,200 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 807 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., cat) 140 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IV, subcut. routes; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Storage: Deliq.; hygroscopic Uses: Preservative for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 186.1756, GRAS as indirect food additive; Europe listed; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alemark http://www.amsyn.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Cater Chems. http://www.caterchem.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Hercules/Aqualon http://www.aqualon.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Neuchem http://www.neuchem.com/ Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Perstorp Polyols http://www.perstorppolyols.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Sodium fumarate CAS 5873-57-4; 7704-73-6 (trans); EINECS/ELINCS 227-535-4 INS365 Synonyms: Fumaric acid monosodium salt; Monosodium trans-butenedioic acid; Monosodium trans-1,2ethylenedicarboxylate; Monosodium trans1,2-ethylenedicarboxylic acid; Monosodium fumarate; Sodium fumarate acidic; Sodium hydrogen fumarate Empirical: C4H3NaO4 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; pract. odorless; m.w. 138.05; sol. 8.5 g/100 ml in water; pH 3-4 (1%) Storage: Store in cool, dry place 1920

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, buffer, acidulant, pH control agent, raising agent, flavor enhancer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.350; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Sodium fumarate acidic. See Sodium fumarate Sodium furcelleran CAS 977089-80-7 Definition: Sodium salt of furcelleran Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.660 Sodium gluconate CAS 527-07-1; EINECS/ELINCS 208-407-7 INS576; E576 Synonyms: D-Gluconic acid monosodium salt; Gluconic acid sodium salt; Monosodium gluconate; Monosodium D(-)-pentahydroxy capronate; Sodium D-gluconate Classification: Nonaromatic acid salt Definition: Sodium salt of D-gluconic acid Empirical: C6H11NaO7 Formula: HOCH2CHOHCHOHCHOHCHOHCOONa Properties: Wh. to ylsh. cryst. powd., pleasant odor; sol. 59 g/100 ml water; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 218.16; m.p. 206 C (dec.) Toxicology: LDLo (IV, rabbit) 7630 mg/kg; low toxicity by IV route; TSCA listed Environmental: Easily biodegradable; presents no waste problem Precaution: Avoid dust formation Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep in well-closed container in dry place Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, mineral source, sequestrant, chelating agent, bitterness inhibitor in foods, dairy, diet foods, meat prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §178.1010, 182.6757, GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com Adept Sol'ns.; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Albion Inorganic Chems. http://www.albionchemicals.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Am. Biorganics; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Glucona Am.; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Lucid Colloids http://www.lucidgroup.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; PMP Fermentation Prods. http://www.pmpinc.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rit-Chem http://www.ritchem.com Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Seppic http://www.seppic.com; Shan Par Ind. http://www.shanpar.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names: CrystalBan™ Sodium D-gluconate. See Sodium gluconate Sodium glutamate (INCI); Sodium L-glutamate. 1921

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference See MSG Sodium glyceryl oleate phosphate CAS 208539-93-9; 208539-94-0 Definition: Sodium salt of a complex mixture of phosphate esters of glyceryl monooleate Properties: Anionic Uses: Surfactant for foods; food-grade mold lubricant Trade Names: Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K Sodium glycinate CAS 6000-44-8; EINECS/ELINCS 227-842-3 INS640; E640 Synonyms: Aminoacetic acid; Aminoethanoic acid; Glycine, monosodium salt; Glycine, sodium salt; Glycine, sodium salt hydrate; Glycocoll; Sodium aminoacetate; Sodium glycine; Sodium glycocollate Definition: Sodium salt of glycine Empirical: C2H4NO2 • Na Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd.; m.w. 97.05; m.p. 197-201 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 564 mg/kg; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2, NOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place @ R.T.; keep tightly closed Uses: Flavor modifier in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Biosynth AG http://www.biosynth.com; Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Tessenderlo Chemie http://www.tessenderlo.com Sodium glycine; Sodium glycocollate. See Sodium glycinate Sodium GMP; Sodium guanosine-5´monophosphate; Sodium guanylate; Sodium5´-guanylate. See Disodium guanylate Sodium hexacyanoferrate; Sodium hexacyanoferrate (II). See Sodium ferrocyanide Sodium hexadecanoate. See Sodium palmitate Sodium 2,4-hexadienoate; Sodium (E,E)-hexa2,4-dienoate. See Sodium sorbate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium hexametaphosphate CAS 10124-56-8; EINECS/ELINCS 233-343-1 FEMA 3027 Synonyms: Glassy sodium; Graham's salt; Hexametaphosphate sodium salt; Hexasodium metaphosphate; HMP; Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt; Phosphate, sodium hexameta-; SHMP; Sodium phosphate glass; Sodium polymetaphosphate Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: O18P6 • 6Na Formula: (NaPO3)6 Properties: Colorless to wh. powd. or flakes; odorless; sol. in water; m.w. 611.76; sp.gr. 2.181; m.p. 1184 F; pH 6.0-7.7; anionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 6200 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 870 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 1300 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 62 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP, subcut. routes; mildly toxic by ing.; may cause skin/eye/respiratory/digestive tract irritation; may cause flaccid paralysis, somnolence, convulsions, changes in tubules (incl. acute renal failure); TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx and Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in a tightly closed container Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, sequestrant, texturizer, dietary supplement, water binder in meat, seafood, poultry, vegetables, cream, half & half, ice cream, whey, processed cheese, eggs, table syrup and toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 182.90, 182.6760, 182.6769, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for buccals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; ABCR http://www.abcr.de; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka 1922

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com Nalco http://www.nalco.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Rhodia UK/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names: Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos®; Soda Phos (FG) Trade Names Containing: Curafos® 11-2; Curafos® 22-4; Curavis® 250; Curavis® 350; Katch® Fish Phosphate Kena® FP-28; Nutrifos® B-75; Nutrifos® B90 Sodium hexametaphosphate. See Sodium polyphosphate Sodium hydrate. See Sodium hydroxide Sodium hydrogen carbonate. See Sodium bicarbonate Sodium hydrogen diacetate. See Sodium diacetate Sodium hydrogen fumarate. See Sodium fumarate Sodium hydrogen glutamate; Sodium hydrogen L-glutamate. See MSG Sodium hydrogen malate CAS 3105-51-9 INS350(i); E350 Synonyms: Monosodium 2-DLhydroxysuccinate; Monosodium DL-malate Definition: Monosodium salt of DL-malic acid Empirical: C4H5NaO5 Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 156.07 Uses: pH control agent, humectant in foods Sodium hydrogen phosphate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Sodium hydrogen sulfate. See Sodium bisulfate Sodium hydrogen sulfite. See Sodium bisulfite Sodium hydrosulfite CAS 7775-14-6 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 231Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

890-0 UN 1384 (DOT) Synonyms: Disodium dithionate; Disodium dithionite; Dithionous acid disodium salt; Sodium dithionate; Sodium dithionite; Sodium hyposulfite; Sodium sulfoxylate Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: Na2O4S2 Formula: NaO2SSO2Na Properties: Wh. or yel.-wh. large transparent cryst., bitter taste; sl. sol. in cold water; insol. in alcohol, conc. HCl; dec. in hot water; m.w. 174.10; dens. 2.189; m.p. 55 C; dec. 267 C Toxicology: Toxic, irritant to skin; allergen; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. solid; fire risk; spontaneously combustible; ignites on contact with water or sodium chlorite Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Dec. violently when heated to 190 C, emitting toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 2 Storage: Moisture-sensitive Uses: Bleaching agent for foods, sugar; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.170, 177.2800, 182.90; Japan approved (0.03-5 g/kg residual as sulfur dioxide), not permitted in certain foods; FDA approved for parenterals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Burlington Chem. http://www.burco.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Morton Int'l. http://www.morton.com; 1923

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.rohmhaas.com; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/ Olin/Chlor Alkali http://www.olinchloralkali.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Sumitomo Chem. http://www.sumitomochem.co.jp; Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Sodium hydroxide CAS 1310-73-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-185-5 UN 1823 (DOT); 1824 (DOT); INS524; E524 Synonyms: Caustic soda; Lye; Soda lye; Sodium hydrate; White caustic Classification: Alkali hydroxide Empirical: HNaO Formula: NaOH Properties: Wh. solid beads or pellets; absorbs water and CO2 from air; sol. in water, alcohol, methanol, glycerin; m.w. 40.00; dens. 2.12 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 1 mm (739 C); m.p. 318 C; b.p. 1390 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/CL 2 mg/m3 of air; LD50 (IP, mouse) 40 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, rabbit) 500 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; corrosive irritant to eyes, skin, mucous membrane; mists and dusts cause small burns; inh. can damage upper respiratory tract and lungs; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; strong base; incompat. with acids and water; may ignite or react violently with many org. compds.; dangerous material to handle Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Deliq. Uses: Direct food additive; pH control agent, alkali, processing aid in foods; solvent for food colors; cooked out juices retention agent; modifier for food starch; isomerization agent for modified hop extract (for flavoring beer); boiler water additive (food contact); processing aid in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 155.191, 155.194, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 172.560, 172.814, 172.892, 173.310, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1600, 177.2800, 184.1763, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; BATF 27CFR §21.101, 240.1051a; Canada DSL; Japan restricted; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for injectables, dentals, parenterals, inhalants, ophthalmics, orals, rectals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; SARA reportable Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adeka Fine Chem. http://www.adk.co.jp; Advance Research Chems. http://www.fluoridearc.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allied Universal http://www.allieduniversal.com; Altivia http://www.altivia.com; Am. Biorganics Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Asahi Chem. Ind. http://www.asahi-kasei.co.jp; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Bay Chem. & Supply http://www.baychemical.com/; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; DPC Ind. http://www.dxsystemsco.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; George Mann http://www.mann-release.com; Georgia Gulf http://www.ggc.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Hydrite http://www.hydrite.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Interstate Chem. http://www.interstatechemical.com; 1924

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Jiangxi Liq. Ind. Chems.; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Olin/Chlor Alkali http://www.olinchloralkali.com; PCI Chems. Canada http://www.piona.com PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; PVS http://www.pvschemicals.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Pioneer Am. http://www.piona.com; Primachem Rasa Ind. http://www.rasa.co.jp; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sierra http://www.sierrachemicalcompany.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Vertex http://www.vertexchemical.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp Sodium 2-hydroxydiphenyl. See Sodium ophenylphenate Sodium-L-2-hydroxypropionate. See Sodium lactate Sodium hypochlorite CAS 7681-52-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-668-3 UN 1791 (DOT) Synonyms: Bleaching sol'n.; Dakins sol'n.; Hypochlorite sol'n.; Hypochlorous acid, sodium salt; Labarrque's sol'n.; Liquid bleach; Sodium chloride oxide; Sodium oxychloride Classification: Hypochlorous acid salt Empirical: ClNaO Formula: NaOCl Properties: Pale greenish to yel. liq., chlorine bleach odor; sol. in water; reacts with many org. solvs.; m.w. 74.45; sp.gr. 1.1 (6% sol'n.); m.p. -6 C (5%); dec. above 40 C; pH ≈ 11 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 5800 mg/kg; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TDLo (IV, man) 45 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; strong irritant to tissue; highly irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory tract; human systemic effects by ing. (somnolence, blood pressure decrease, nausea, vomiting); tumorigen; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: Hazardous to environment Precaution: Corrosive; strong oxidizer capable of igniting combustibles; highly explosive, sensitive to heat or friction; forms explosive prods. with amines; unstable in air; fire risk Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O and Cl– HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Uses: Washing/lye peeling of fruits/vegetables; bleaching of starch; disinfection and deodorization in foods, beverage, and tobacco plants Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; 173.315, 175.105, 176.170, 177.2800, 178.1010; Japan approved as bleaching agent, restricted as sterilizing agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adeka Fine Chem. http://www.adk.co.jp; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allied Universal http://www.allieduniversal.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Bio-Lab http://www.wateradditives.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; DPC Ind. http://www.dxsystemsco.com; Delta http://www.deltachemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; George Mann http://www.mannrelease.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hydrite http://www.hydrite.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com KIK Int'l. http://www.kikcorp.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m1925

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com Olin/Chlor Alkali http://www.olinchloralkali.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: GemStar 2000; GemStar 3000 Sodium hypophosphite CAS 7681-53-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-669-9 Synonyms: Phosphinic acid sodium salt; Sodium phosphinate Empirical: H2NaO2P Formula: NaH2PO2 Properties: Wh. gran. powd. or colorless pearly cryst. plates, odorless, bittersweet saline taste; sol. in water, alcohol, glycerin; m.w. 87.97 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 1584 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut, rabbit) 50 mg/kg; poison by subcut. route; mod. toxic by IP route; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. when exposed to heat or flame; aq. sol'ns. may explode on evaporation; potentially explosive with oxidants; dec. with heat, evolving phosphine Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx and Na2O Storage: Deliq.; store in cool, dry place away from oxidizing materials Uses: Direct food additive; antioxidant, preservative, emulsifier, stabilizer in foods, cod liver oil emulsions; substitute for sodium nitrite in smoked meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1764, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aastrid Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.aastrid.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Sodium hyposulfite. See Sodium thiosulfate anhydrous; Sodium hydrosulfite Sodium hyposulfite pentahydrate. See Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate Sodium 5,5´-indigotidisulfonate. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 Sodium inosinate; Sodium 5´-inosinate. See Disodium inosinate Sodium iron EDTA. See Sodium ferric EDTA Sodium iron pyrophosphate. See Ferric sodium pyrophosphate Sodium isoascorbate. See Sodium erythorbate Sodium lactate CAS 72-17-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-772-0 INS325; E325 Synonyms: 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid monosodium salt; Lacolin; Lactic acid, monosodium salt; Lactic acid, sodium salt; Sodium-L-2-hydroxypropionate Definition: Sodium salt of lactic acid Empirical: C3H5O3 • Na Formula: CH3CHOHCOONa Properties: Colorless or ylsh. syrupy liq., odorless to sl. odor, sl. salt taste; misc. in water, alcohol; m.w. 112.07; m.p. 17 C; dec. 140 C; anionic Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 2000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to 1926

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Very hygroscopic Uses: Food additive; antimicrobial, preservative, emulsifier, flavoring agent, adjuvant, flavor enhancer, humectant, pH control agent, buffer, antioxidant synergist, bulking agent in foods; antimicrobial in meat and poultry prods.; cooked out juices retention aid; denuding agent; hog scald agent; lye peeling agent; washing agent; glycerol substitute Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1768, GRAS (not for infant formulas); USDA 9CFR §318.7; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for parenterals, orals; USP/NF (in solution), BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Am. Biorganics; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kemira ChemSolutions BV http://www.kemira.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wilke Int'l. http://www.wilkeinternational.com Trade Names: Arlac S®; Galaflow SL; Purasal® S; Purasal® S/PF 60; Purasal® S/SP 60 Trade Names Containing: Galaflow PSL 60 75/25; Galaflow SPL 60 50/50; Galaflow SPL 60 60/40; Purac® BF S/30; Purasal® LITE 60 S/6 Sodium L-lactate CAS 867-56-1; EINECS/ELINCS 212-762-3 Synonyms: (S)-2-Hydroxypropionic acid sodium salt; L-Lactic acid sodium salt Empirical: C3H5NaO3 Formula: CH3CH(OH)COONa Properties: Hygroscopic; m.w. 112.06 Regulatory: FDA approved for injectables, parenterals Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Purac® Fresh S; Purac® Fresh S39 Sodium laurate CAS 629-25-4; EINECS/ELINCS 211-082-4 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Dodecanoic acid, sodium salt; Lauric acid, sodium salt; Sodium dodecanoate Definition: Sodium salt of lauric acid Empirical: C12H23O2 • Na Formula: CH3(CH2)10COONa Properties: Solid; m.w. 222.31 Toxicology: LDLo (unreported, mouse) 400 mg/kg; poison by unspecified route; severe skin irritant; irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases; may dec. on exposure to moist air or water Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O, CO, CO2 Storage: Store @ R.T. 1927

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3910; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Sodium laureth-5 sulfate CAS 9004-82-4 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-5 lauryl ether sulfate, sodium salt; POE (5) lauryl ether sulfate, sodium salt; Sodium PEG (5) lauryl ether sulfate; Sodium POE (5) lauryl ether sulfate Empirical: C22H46O9S • Na Formula: CH3(CH2)10CH2(OCH2CH2)nOSO3Na, avg. n = 5 Uses: Food ingred. Trade Names Containing: Ryoto Ester SP Sodium lauryl benzene sulfonate. See Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Sodium lauryl sulfate CAS 151-21-3; 68585-47-7; 68955-19-1; 7329689-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-788-1; 271-557-7; 273-257-1 INS487 Synonyms: Dodecyl alcohol, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt; Dodecyl sodium sulfate; Dodecylsulfate sodium salt; Lauryl sodium sulfate; Lauryl sulfate sodium salt; Monododecyl sodium sulfate; SDS; SLS; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Sodium n-dodecyl sulfate; Sodium monododecyl sulfate; Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt Classification: Alkyl sulfate salt Definition: Sodium salt of lauryl sulfate Empirical: C12H25O4S • Na Formula: CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3Na Properties: Wh. to cream crystals, flakes, or powd., faint fatty odor; mod. sol. in water; m.w. 288.38; sp.gr. > 1.1 (20 C); m.p. 204-207 C; Anionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1288 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 210 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 118 mg/kg; poison Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

by IV, IP routes; mod. toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; experimental eye, severe skin irritant; mild allergen; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Burns above 93.3 C; incompat. with strong oxidizers (increases fire risk) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: CO, CO2, SO2, H2S; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from incompat. materials Uses: Thickener, emulsifier in foods; surfactant in fumaric acid-acidulated dry beverage bases, fruit juice drinks; wetting agent in vegetable oils and animal fats; emulsifier in or with egg whites; coatings on fresh citrus fruit; whipping agent for marshmallows; hog/poultry scald agent Use Level: 0.004-0.6 mg (oral solids); 0.010.02% (oral liqs.); 0.1-12.7% (topical pharmaceuticals) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.822, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1630, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.1010, 178.3400, 179.45; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Canada DSL; FDA approved for dentals, orals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Accurate Chem. & Scientific http://www.accuratechemical.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemron http://www.chemron.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognisus.com; DeForest Enterprises http://www.deforest.net 1928

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference DuPont http://www.dupont.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GMI Prods. http://www.gmioriginates.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/ Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Pilot http://www.pilotchemical.com/; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Reliable Biopharmaceutical http://www.reliablebiopharm.com Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Rhodia UK; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stepan http://www.stepan.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; U.S. Synthetics Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Unger Fabrikker AS http://www.unger.no/; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Protachem™ SLP 95; Rhodapon® LCP; Rhodapon® LSB; Rhodapon® SM Special; STEPANOL® LCP Trade Names Containing: Egg White Solids Type P-18; Hentex Type P-600 Sodium malate CAS 676-46-0 (DL); EINECS/ELINCS 211-627-6 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

INS350(ii); E350 Synonyms: DL-Disodium malate; Disodium DL-malate; Disodium salt of hydroxybutanedioic acid; Sodium DLmalate Definition: Sodium salt of malic acid Empirical: C4H4Na2O5 (anhyd.); C4H4Na2O5 • ½H2O (hemihydrate); C4H4Na2O5 • 3H2O (trihydrate) Properties: Wh. cryst. powd. or lumps; odorless; sol. in water; m.w. 178.05 (anhyd.); 187.05 (hemihydrate), 232.10 (trihydrate) Uses: pH control agent, humectant, seasoning in foods Regulatory: Australian approved food additive Manuf./Distrib.: Fuso Chem. http://www.fusokk.co.jp Sodium DL-malate. See Sodium malate Sodium metabisulfite CAS 7681-57-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-673-0 UN NA 2693 (DOT); INS223; E223 Synonyms: Disodium disulfite; Disodium pyrosulfite; Disulfurous acid disodium salt; Pyrosulfurous acid disodium salt; Sodium bisulfite; Sodium metabosulfite; Sodium pyrosulfite Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: O5S2 • 2Na Formula: Na2S2O5 Properties: Colorless cryst. or wh. to ylsh. powd.; pungent SO2 odor; sol. in water forming acidic sol'ns.; sol. in glycerin; sl. sol. in alcohol, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 190.10; dens. 1.480 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; LD50 (IV, rat) 115 mg/kg, (parenteral, mouse) 910 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by parenteral route; experimental reproductive effects; mutagen; tumorigen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Moisture-sensitive; store @ R.T. Uses: Preservative, antioxidant, bleaching agent in foods; flavoring agent in cherries and shrimp; boiler water additive (food contact) Features: Not for use on meats, sources of vitamin B1, raw fruits and vegetables, or fresh potatoes Use Level: 0.3-0.75% (sympathomimetic/aminoglycoside 1929

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference medications) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 177.1200, 182.3766, GRAS; Europe listed; FDA approved for inhalants, injectables, parenterals, ophthalmics, orals; NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Chem One http://www.chemone.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Esseco SpA http://www.esseco.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/ Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com Grillo-Werke AG http://www.grillo.de; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; JTS Enterprises http://www.jtsenterprisesinc.com; Kaltron/Pettibone http://www.kaltron.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Primachem; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk Trade Names Containing: Beta-Tabs Sodium metabosulfite. See Sodium metabisulfite Sodium metaphosphate CAS 10361-03-2; EINECS/ELINCS 233-782-9 Synonyms: Graham's salt; IMP; Insoluble metaphosphate; Insoluble sodium metaphosphate; Kurrol's salt; Maddrell's salt; Metaphos; Metaphosphoric acid, sodium salt; Polymeric sodium metaphosphate; Poly (sodium metaphosphate); Sodium metaphosphate, insoluble; Sodium polyphosphates, glassy; Sodium tetrapolyphosphate Empirical: O3P • Na Formula: (NaPO3)n, n = 3-10 (cyclic) or larger (polymers) Properties: Amorphous wh. solid; sol. in min. acids; pract. insol. in water and in aq. sol'ns. of pyrophosphates and hexametaphosphates; m.w. 101.96 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 830 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; may cause changes in tubules incl. acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O and POx Uses: Sequestrant, emulsifier, texturizer, binder, alkaline agent in foods, whey processing; prep. of food starch modified; cooked out juices retention agent; binder, alkaline agent, raising agent (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 169.115, 172.892, 173.310, 182.6760, 182.6769, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Bay Chem. & Supply http://www.baychemical.com/; ICL Performance Prods. 1930

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.astaris.com; Quimir http://www.quimir.com.mx; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Trade Names Containing: Emulsi-Phos 440™; Emulsi-Phos 660™; Emulsi-Phos 990™ Sodium metaphosphate, insoluble. See Sodium metaphosphate Sodium metasilicate CAS 6834-92-0; EINECS/ELINCS 229-912-9 INS550(ii) Synonyms: Disodium metasilicate; Disodium monosilicate; Silicic acid, disodium salt; Sodium metasilicate anhydrous; Sodium silicate; Soluble glass; Water glass Classification: Inorganic salt; metasilicate Empirical: Na2O3Si Formula: Na2SiO3 Properties: Wh. or green gran. or vitreous lumps, dustless; sol. in water forming alkaline sol'ns.; insol. in alcohol, acids, salt sol'ns.; m.w. 122.07; sp.gr. 2.614; m.p. 1089 C; pH 12.6 (1%); ref. index 1.520 (glass, 25 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1153 mg/kg; LDLo (IP, guinea pig) 200 mg/kg; poison by ing., IP routes; severe eye, skin, mucous membrane irritant; ing. causes GI tract upset; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Precaution: Strongly alkaline; caustic material; violent reaction with F2 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Direct food additive; processing aid in foods; boiler water additive (food contact); washing/lye peeling of fruits, vegetables, nuts; denuding agent in tripe; hog scald agent in removing hair; corrosion preventative in canned and bottled water; saponifier Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 184.1769a, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com Eka Chems. AB; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; PQ http://www.pqcorp.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com Veckridge; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com See also Sodium silicate Sodium metasilicate anhydrous. See Sodium metasilicate Sodium methane naphthalene sulfonate. See Sodium methylnaphthalenesulfonate Sodium methoxide. See Sodium methylate Sodium 4-(methoxycarbonyl) phenolate. See Sodium methylparaben Sodium methylate CAS 124-41-4 UN 1289 (DOT; UN sol'n.); UN 1431 (DOT; UN solid) Synonyms: Methanol, sodium salt; Sodium methoxide; Sodium methylate, dry Classification: Organometallic compd. Empirical: CH3NaO Formula: CH3O– Na+ Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. in fats, esters, methanol, ethanol; dec. by water; dec. in air above 126 C; m.w. 54.03; dens. 0.945; m.p. > 300 C; b.p. 64.6 C Toxicology: Toxic; corrosive; caustic; irritating; target organ: eyes; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. when exposed to heat or flame; hydrolyzes into methanol and sodium hydroxide; may ignite spontaneously in moist air; ignites on contact with water; sol'n. is flamm., mod. fire risk Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Storage: Sensitive to oxygen; moisture-sensitive; absorbs CO2 from air; handle and store under nitrogen Uses: Catalyst for transesterification and isomerization of fats and oils; processing aid in foods (Japan) Regulatory: Japan restricted; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alkali Metals Ltd http://www.alkalimetals.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com

1931

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomen Am. http://www.tomenamerica.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Sodium methylate, dry. See Sodium methylate Sodium methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium methyl p-hydroxybenzoate. See Sodium methylparaben Sodium methylnaphthalenesulfonate CAS 26264-58-4; EINECS/ELINCS 247-564-6 Synonyms: Sodium methane naphthalene sulfonate Definition: Mixture of mono- and dimethyl substituted naphthalene sulfonates Empirical: C11H9NaO3S Properties: M.w. 244.24; Anionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Anticaking agent in sodium nitrite used in cured fish/meats; washing water agent for washing/lye peeling of fruits/vegetable; crystallization agent for sodium carbonate Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.824, 173.315 (0.2% in wash water), 175.105, 176.170, 176.180, 176.210; Canada DSL Sodium methylparaben CAS 5026-62-0; EINECS/ELINCS 225-714-1 INS219; E219 Synonyms: 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester, sodium salt; Methylparaben sodium; Methylparaben sodium salt; Sodium 4(methoxycarbonyl) phenolate; Sodium methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Definition: Sodium salt of methylparaben Empirical: C8H7NaO3 Properties: Wh. powd.; freely sol. in water; sparingly sol. in alcohol; insol. in fixed oils; m.w. 174.14; pH 9.5-10.5 (1 in 1000) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 2 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 760 mg/kg Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Preservative, antimicrobial, bactericide, fungicide for foods Regulatory: FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Nipagin M Sodium Trade Names Containing: Nipasept Sodium® Sodium methyl sulfate CAS 512-42-5; 123333-89-1 (hydrate) Empirical: CH3NaO4S Formula: NaCH3SO4; CH3OSO3Na • xH2O (hydrate) Properties: M.w. 134.08; Monohydrate: wh. cryst.; hygroscopic; sol. in water, alcohol, methanol Storage: Hygroscopic; keep well closed Uses: In pectin Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.385 (0.1% max. in pectin) Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Sodium mono- and dimethyl naphthalene sulfonates CAS 977052-10-0 Properties: M.w. 245-260 Uses: Crystallization of sodium carbonate for potable water systems; flavoring agent; anticaking agent for sodium nitrite for use in cured fish and meat; washing/lye peeling of fruits/vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.824, 173.315 Sodium monododecyl sulfate. See Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium monohydrogen dicarbonate. See Sodium sesquicarbonate Sodium monohydrogen phosphate (2:1:1). See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Sodium monohydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (2:1:1:12). See Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate Sodium monohydrogen phosphate heptahydrate (2:1:1:7). See Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate Sodium monosulfide. See Sodium sulfide Sodium myristate CAS 822-12-8; EINECS/ELINCS 212-487-9 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Myristic acid sodium salt; Sodium tetradecanoate; Tetradecanoic acid sodium salt Definition: Sodium salt of myristic acid Empirical: C14H27O2 • Na Formula: CH3(CH2)12COONa 1932

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Properties: M.w. 250.36 Toxicology: LDLo (IV, dog) 10 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3910; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Sodium nitrate CAS 7631-99-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-554-3 UN 1498 (DOT); UN 1499 (DOT); INS251 Synonyms: Chile saltpeter; Cubic niter; Nitric acid, sodium salt; Soda niter; Soda nitre; Sodium nitrate (1:1) Empirical: NNaO3 Formula: NaNO3 Properties: Colorless transparent cryst. or gran. powd.; odorless; saline sl. bitter taste; sol. in water, glycerol; sl. sol. in alcohol, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 85.01; dens. 2.267; m.p. 308 C; dec. @ 380 C; pH 5.5-8.3 (5%) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1267 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 175 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing.; human poison by ing.; irritant; can reduce blood oxygen levels; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; can produce nitrosamines associated with cancers; experimental reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Strong oxidizer; ignites with heat or friction; explodes @ 537 C; forms explosive mixts. with aluminum powd., antimony powd., sodium, sulfur + charcoal, etc.; potentially violent reaction or ignition mixed with org. matter, magnesium, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 3 Storage: Deliq.; store @ R.T. Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative in foods; nitrite source, color fixing agent in cured meats, fish, poultry; boiler water additive Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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(food contact); curing salt Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.170, 172.175, 172.177, 173.310, 175.105, 176.180, 176.320, 181.33; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Japan approved with limitations; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL; FDA approved for ophthalmics, orals Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Advance Research Chems. http://www.fluoridearc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF http://www.basf.com BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/ Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SQM North America http://www.sqm.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King Sumitomo Chem. http://www.sumitomochem.co.jp; Ube Ind. http://www.ubeind.co.jp/japanese/index.htm; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Sodium nitrate (1:1). See Sodium nitrate 1933

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sodium nitrite CAS 7632-00-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-555-9 UN 1500 (DOT); INS250 Synonyms: Diazotizing salts; Nitrous acid sodium salt Empirical: NNaO2 Formula: NaNO2 Properties: Sl. ylsh. or wh. cryst. or powd., bitter sl. saline taste; sol. in water, sl. sol. in alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; slowly oxidized by air; m.w. 69.00; dens. 2.168; m.p. 271 C; b.p. dec. @ 320 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 85 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 65 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 158 mg/kg; poison by ing., inh., subcut., IV, and IP routes; human poison by ing.; human systemic effects (coma, blood pressure changes, nausea, vomiting, methemoglobinemia); eye irritant; can reduce blood oxygen levels; questionable carcinogen; can produce nitrosamines associated with cancers; experimental neoplastigen, tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; strong oxidizing agent; ignites by friction in contact with org. matter; may explode when heated above 100 F or on contact with cyanides, NH4+ salts, cellulose, etc.; incompat. with butadiene, phthalic acid and anhydride, reducers, etc. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 3 Storage: Hygroscopic; deliq. in air; oxygensensitive; store @ R.T. Uses: Antimicrobial, color fixing agent, preservative in cured meats, meat prods., smoked fish Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.175, 172.177, 175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1210, 177.2600, 178.3570, 178.3910, 181.34, 573.700; USDA 9CFR §318.79, 381.147; Canada DSL; Japan approved (0.005-0.07 g/kg); Europe listed; UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com DuPont http://www.dupont.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tomiyama Pure Chem. Ind. http://www.tomypure.co.jp Ube Ind. http://www.ubeind.co.jp/japanese/index.htm; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Sodium octadecanoate. See Sodium stearate Sodium 9-octadecenoate. See Sodium oleate Sodium octanoate; Sodium n-octanoate. See Sodium caprylate Sodium octyl sulfate CAS 142-31-4; EINECS/ELINCS 205-535-5 Synonyms: Octyl sodium sulfate; Octyl sulfate sodium salt; Sodium capryl sulfate; SOS; Sulfuric acid, monooctyl ester, sodium salt Empirical: C8H17NaO4S Formula: CH3(CH2)7OSO3Na Properties: M.w. 232.27; m.p. 210 C (dec.); anionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3200 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 396 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to 1934

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decomp., emits toxic vapors of SOx Uses: Washing water agent for washing/lye peeling of fruits and vegetables; poultry scald agent Regulatory: USDA 9CFR §381.147; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Sodium oleate CAS 143-19-1; EINECS/ELINCS 205-591-0 INS470; E470a Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, sodium salt; Sodium 9-octadecenoate Definition: Sodium salt of oleic acid Empirical: C18H33O2 • Na Formula: CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COONa Properties: Wh. powd., sl. tallow-like odor; sol. in ≈ 10 parts water, ≈ 20 parts alcohol; m.w. 304.50; m.p. 232-235 C; HLB 18.0; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 152 mg/kg; poison by IV route; migrates to food from pkg. materials; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Surfactant, stabilizer, anticaking agent, binder, emulsifier, visc. control agent in foods; stabilizer migrating from food pkg.; paper mfg. aid; food coatings (Japan) Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3910, 181.29, 186.1770, GRAS as indirect food additive; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Bärlocher GmbH http://www.baerlocher.com; Concord http://www.concordchemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Nat'l. Purity http://www.nationalpurity.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Quimica Sagal http://www.quimicasagal.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Trade Names: Nofable BO-90N; Nofable BO99N Sodium oleth-8 phosphate CAS 57486-09-6 (generic); 68936-83-4 (generic) Synonyms: Sodium dioleth-8 phosphate Definition: Sodium salt of the phosphate ester of oleth-8 Uses: Food ingred. Trade Names Containing: MGS-TGV Sodium oleyl lactylate INS481(ii) Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer in foods Sodium 2-oxopropanoate. See Sodium pyruvate Sodium oxychloride. See Sodium hypochlorite Sodium palmitate CAS 408-35-5; EINECS/ELINCS 206-988-1 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Hexadecanoic acid sodium salt; Palmitic acid sodium salt; Sodium hexadecanoate; Sodium pentadecanecarboxylate Definition: Sodium salt of palmitic acid Empirical: C16H31O2 • Na Formula: CH3(CH2)14COONa Properties: Wh. to yel. powd.; m.w. 278.47; m.p. 283-290 C Toxicology: LDLo (IV, dog) 10 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Binder, emulsifier, stabilizer, anticaking agent in foods; constituent of food pkg. paper/paperboard Regulatory: USP/NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §172.863, 175.105, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3910, 186.1771, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com

1935

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sodium pantothenate CAS 867-81-2; EINECS/ELINCS 212-768-6 Synonyms: β-Alanine, N-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3dimethyl-1-oxobutyl)-, monosodium salt (R)-; (+)-Pantothenic acid sodium salt Empirical: C9H16NNaO5 Properties: Wh. cryst. solid; sol. in water; m.w. 241.22; m.p. 123 C Toxicology: Nuisance dust; irritating to eyes and skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear dust respirator, protective gloves, and lab coat; combustible at high temps. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, NOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, well-ventilated place Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §582.5772, GRAS; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Sodium pectinate CAS 9005-59-8 Classification: Polysaccharide Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, flavor and flavor modifier, texturizer, and carrier/encapsulating agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§135.140(d), 150.110, 150.140, 150.160, 150.141(d), 150.161(d), 173.385, 184.1588, GRAS Sodium PEG (5) lauryl ether sulfate. See Sodium laureth-5 sulfate Sodium pentadecanecarboxylate. See Sodium palmitate Sodium percarbonate CAS 15630-89-4; EINECS/ELINCS 239-707-6 UN 2467 (DOT) Synonyms: Carbonic acid, disodium salt, compd. with hydrogen peroxide (2:3); Disodium carbonate, compd. with hydrogen peroxide (2:3); Disodium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide (2:3); Hydrogen Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

peroxide sodium carbonate adduct; Peroxy sodium carbonate; Sodium carbonate peroxide (INCI); Sodium carbonate peroxohydrate; Sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate Classification: Inorg. salt Empirical: CH3Na2O6 Formula: CNa2O3 • 1.5H2O2 Properties: Wh. microcryst. powd.; m.w. 208.03; sol. 120 g/kg in water @ 20 C; m.w. 157.01; 14% avail. oxygen; liberates hydrogen peroxide in aq. sol'n. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2400 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 542 mg/kg; toxic by ing.; severe irritant; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may cause somnolence, dyspnea; TSCA listed Precaution: Oxidizing agent; can initiate combustion when mixed with certain organic substances Storage: Hygroscopic; moisture-sensitive; store under nitrogen Uses: Bleaching agent for foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Burlington Chem. http://www.burco.com; DC Chem. http://www.dcchem.co.kr/english/index.asp; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Kemira Kemi AB http://www.kemirakemi.com/; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Solvay Interox; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Surpass http://www.surpasschemical.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Sodium peroxydisulfate. See Sodium persulfate Sodium persulfate CAS 7775-27-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-892-1 UN 1505 (DOT) Synonyms: Disodium peroxodisulfate; Disodium peroxydisulfate; Peroxydisulfuric acid, disodium salt; Sodium peroxydisulfate Empirical: Na2O8S2 Formula: Na2S2O8 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. 700 g/l in 1936

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference water (20 C) with gradual decomp.; dec. by alcohol; m.w. 238.10; dens. 2.400; dec. on heating Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 226 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rabbit) 178 mg/kg; poison by IP, IV routes; TSCA listed Precaution: Powerful oxidizer; can cause fires Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 2 Uses: Denuding agent for tripe; starch modifier in foods; bleaching agent for fats, oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.170, 177.1210; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Chem One http://www.chemone.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Economy Polymers & Chems. http://www.economypolymers.com FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Howard Ind. http://www.howardchem.com; Hydrite http://www.hydrite.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; JTS Enterprises http://www.jtsenterprisesinc.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mitsubishi Int'l. http://www.micusa.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Primachem; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; Westco http://www.westcochemicals.com Sodium o-phenylphenate CAS 132-27-4; EINECS/ELINCS 205-055-6 INS232; E232 Synonyms: (1,1´-Biphenyl)-2-ol, sodium salt; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2-Biphenylol, sodium salt; 2Hydroxybiphenyl sodium salt; 2Hydroxydiphenyl sodium salt; 2Phenylphenol sodium salt; o-Phenylphenol sodium salt; Sodium 2-biphenylolate; Sodium biphenyl-2-yl oxide; Sodium 2hydroxydiphenyl; Sodium o-phenylphenol; Sodium 2-phenylphenolate; Sodium ophenylphenolate; Sodium ophenylphenoxide; SOPP Definition: Sodium salt of o-phenylphenol; avail. commercially as the tetrahydrate Empirical: C12H9O • Na Formula: C6H4(C6H5)ONa • 4HOH Properties: Wh. flakes; sol. in water, oxygenated solvs.; sol./100 g solvent: 122 g water, 156 g acetone, 138 g methanol, 28 g propylene glycol; sparingly sol. in toluene, veg. oils; pract. insol. in petrol. fractions, pine oil; m.w. 192.20 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 656 mg/kg; moderately toxic by ing.; human skin irritant; suspected carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Preservative, antimicrobial, bactericide, fungicide, mold inhibitor for foods, apples, etc. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.210, 177.1210, 178.3120; USA not restricted; Europe listed; Japan approved (0.01 g/kg residual); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Trade Names: Preventol® ON Extra Flakes Sodium o-phenylphenol; Sodium 2phenylphenolate; Sodium o-phenylphenolate; Sodium o-phenylphenoxide. See Sodium ophenylphenate Sodium phosphate CAS 7558-80-7 (anhyd.); 10049-21-5 (monohydrate); 13472-35-0 (dihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 231-449-2 INS339(i) Synonyms: Acid sodium phosphate; Monobasic sodium phosphate; Monosodium dihydrogen phosphate; Monosodium orthophosphate; Monosodium phosphate; MSP; Phosphoric 1937

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acid monosodium salt; Primary sodium phosphate; Sodium acid phosphate; Sodium biphosphate; Sodium dihydrogen phosphate; Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (1:2:1); Sodium phosphate monobasic; Sodium phosphate primary Classification: Phosphate salt Empirical: H2NaO4P Formula: NaH2PO4 Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. powd., gran., odorless; sol. 87 g/100 g water; pract. insol. in alcohol; m.w. 119.98 (anhyd.), 137.99 (monohydrate), 156.01 (dihydrate); pH 4.1-4.5 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8290 mg/kg, (intramuscular, rat) 250 mg/kg; poison by intramuscular route; mildly toxic by ing. (may cause diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, cramps); inh. may cause nose/throat irritation, coughing, choking; mild eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong bases (reacts violently), methenamine (causes slow evolution of formaldehyde), magnesium (can react violently) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx and Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Hygroscopic; sl. deliq.; store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from incompat. materials Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, acidulant, buffer, emulsifier, sequestrant, texturizer, stabilizer, water retention agent, preservative in foods; acid ingred. in effervescent powds.; prod. of caramel; boiler water additive (food contact); poultry scald agent; cattle feed supplement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 160.110, 163.123, 163.130, 163.135, 163.140, 163.145, 163.150, 163.153, 163.155, 172.892, 173.310, 178.1010, 182.1778, 182.6085, 182.6778, 182.8778,; Canada DSL; GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Japan approved; FDA approved for buccals, parenterals, ophthalmics, orals, topicals, vaginals; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.aicma.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Quimir http://www.quimir.com.mx; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs. Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Univar Ltd

1938

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Kalipol™ 32 Trade Names Containing: Activa™ TG-SF; Cake STA; Paniset®; Panistay® Sodium phosphate dibasic. See Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous CAS 7558-79-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-448-7 UN NA 9147 (DOT); FEMA 2398; INS339(ii) Synonyms: Dibasic sodium phosphate; Disodium acid phosphate; Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate; Disodium hydrogen phosphate; Disodium monohydrogen orthophosphate; Disodium monohydrogen phosphate; Disodium orthophosphatephosphate; Disodium phosphate; Disodium phosphoric acid; DSP; DSP-O; Exsiccated sodium phosphate; Phosphoric acid disodium salt; Soda phosphate; Sodium hydrogen phosphate; Sodium monohydrogen phosphate (2:1:1); Sodium phosphate dibasic Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Phosphoric acid, disodium salt Empirical: HNa2O4P Formula: Na2HPO4 Properties: Colorless translucent cryst. or wh. powd., odorless, saline taste; sol. in water; very sol. in alcohol; m.w. 141.97; dens. 1.5235; vapor pressure 0 mm Hg; m.p. 35 C; converted to pyrophosphate @ 240 C; pH 9.1 (1%); noncombustible Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 17 g/kg, (IP, rat) 1 g/kg; poison by IV route, mod. toxic by IP, subcut., and intramuscular routes; mildly toxic by ing.; ing. of lg. amts. may cause diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, cramps; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong acids (may react violently) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx and Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Hygroscopic; store in cool, dry, wellventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from incompatibles; keep tightly closed when not in use; limit quantities in storage Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Buffer, dietary supplement, emulsifier, nutrient, sequestrant, stabilizer, texturizer in foods, evaporated milk, process cheese, cereals, meat prods., animal feeds; hog/poultry scald agent; flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods, meats, toppings; stabilizer migrating from food pkg.; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 135.110, 137.305, 139.110, 139.115, 139.117, 139.135, 150.141, 150.161, 173.310, 175.210, 175.300, 181.22, 181.29, 182.1778, 182.6290, 182.6778, 182.8778, 182.8890, GRAS; Canada DSL; USDA 9CFR 318.7, 381.147; FEMA GRAS; SARA reportable; Japan approved; FDA approved for buccals, parenterals, ophthalmics, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Interchem http://www.interchem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann1939

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference chemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whiting-chemicals.co.uk Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Dairyland C 270; DSP/TSP 30%; Lacticol® F336; Lactogel® FX 7351; TSP/DSP 40% Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate CAS 10028-24-7; 10140-65-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-448-7 UN 9147; INS339(ii) Synonyms: Dibasic sodium phosphate dihydrate; Disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate; Disodium monohydrogen orthophosphate; Disodium orthophosphate; Disodium phosphate dihydrate; DSP-2; s-Sodium phosphate dihydrate Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Phosphoric acid, disodium salt Empirical: HNa2O4P • 2H2O Formula: Na2HPO4 • 2H2O Properties: Wh. gran., essentially odorless; sol. 15 g/100 g water; m.w. 178.00; loses water at 92.5 C; pH 9.1 (1%) Environmental: Hazardous to the environment Uses: Buffer, nutrient, dietary supplement, mineral supplement, emulsifier, sequestrant, stabilizer, texturizer in foods, evaporated milk, process cheese, cereals, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

meat prods.; water treatment in food processing; hog/poultry scald agent; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Manuf./Distrib.: Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate CAS 10039-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-448-7 INS339(ii) Synonyms: Dibasic sodium phosphate dodecahydrate; Disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate; Disodium orthophosphate dodecahydrate; Disodium phosphate dodecahydrate; DSP-12; Sodium monohydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (2:1:1:12); s-Sodium phosphate dodecahydrate Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Phosphoric acid, disodium salt Empirical: HNa2O4P • 12H2O Formula: Na2HPO4 • 12H2O Properties: Transluscent solid crystals; m.w. 358.14; easily sol. in cold water; insol. in alcohol; sp. gr. 1.5; m.p. 34 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 430 mg/kg Precaution: Wear safety glasses, dust respirator, lab coat, and gloves HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Buffer, nutrient, dietary supplement, emulsifier, sequestrant, stabilizer, texturizer in foods, evaporated milk, process cheese, cereals, meat prods.; water treatment in food processing Manuf./Distrib.: EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com 1940

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate CAS 7782-85-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-448-7 INS339(ii) Synonyms: Dibasic sodium phosphate heptahydrate; Disodium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate; Disodium orthophosphate heptahydrate; Disodium phosphate heptahydrate; DSP-7; Sodium monohydrogen phosphate heptahydrate (2:1:1:7) Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Phosphoric acid, disodium salt Empirical: HNa2O4P • 7H2O Formula: Na2HPO4 • 7H2O Properties: Colorless or wh. gran.; effloresces in warm dry air; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 268.07 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 12,930 mg/kg; irritant HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Buffer, emulsifier, nutrient, dietary supplement, sequestrant, stabilizer, texturizer in foods, evaporated milk, process cheese, cereals, meat prods.; hog/poultry scald agent; water treatment in food processing; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com s-Sodium phosphate dihydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate s-Sodium phosphate dodecahydrate. See Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate Sodium phosphate glass. See Sodium hexametaphosphate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium phosphate monobasic; Sodium phosphate primary. See Sodium phosphate Sodium phosphate tertiary dodecahydrate. See Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate Sodium phosphate tribasic CAS 7601-54-9; EINECS/ELINCS 231-509-8 INS339(iii) Synonyms: Phosphoric acid trisodium salt; Tribasic sodium phosphate; Trisodium orthophosphate; Trisodium phosphate (INCI); TSP; TSP-0 Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: Na3O4P Formula: (NaO)3PO Properties: Wh. cryst., cryst. powd., gran., odorless; sol. 14 g/100 g water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 163.97; dens. 1.62; m.p. 73 C; does not boil; does not form vapor; pH 12 (1%) Toxicology: LD50 (dermal, rabbit) > 300 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rabbit) 1580 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; inh. of dusts or mist can cause irritation; sol'ns. can cause skin burns; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Corrosive; strong caustic material; reacts violently with water to generate heat Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O and POx Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, sequestrant, buffer, pH control agent, emulsifier, texturizer, stabilizer, water retention agent in foods; emulsifier and alkalizer for process cheese; fat rendering aid Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 173.310, 182.1778, 182.6778, 182.8778, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com 1941

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs. Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: DARILOID®; DSP/TSP 30%; Emulsi-Phos 440™; EmulsiPhos 660™; Emulsi-Phos 990™ TSP/DSP 40% Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate CAS 10101-89-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-509-8 Synonyms: Sodium phosphate tertiary dodecahydrate; Tribasic sodium phosphate dodecahydrate; Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate; TSP-12 Classification: Sodium phosphate Empirical: Na3O4P • 12H2O Properties: M.w. 380.14; dens. 1.620 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7400 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 430 mg/kg; corrosive HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Uses: Emulsifier for processed cheese; buffer for processed foods Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: AvGard TSP Sodium phosphinate. See Sodium hypophosphite Sodium POE (5) lauryl ether sulfate. See Sodium laureth-5 sulfate Sodium polyacrylate CAS 9003-04-7 Synonyms: PAAS; Polyacrylic acid, sodium salt; 2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer, sodium salt Empirical: (C3H4O2)x • xNa Properties: M.w. 2000-2300; Anionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 40 g/kg; eye and skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Mineral scale control agent during beet or cane sugar processing; boiler water additive (food contact); stabilizer and thickener in food defoamers containing dimethicone Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.73, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 177.1200, 177.1210; Japan approved (0.2% max.); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: 3V http://www.3v.com; Alco http://www.alcochemical.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arakawa USA http://www.arakawa-usa.com Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Complex Quimica SA http://www.complexquimica.com; Dixie http://www.dixiechemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Hampshire; Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Synthron Trade Names: Acumer® 1000; Acumer® 9300; Polywet® ND-2; Polywet® ND-35; Polywet® WTC 6512 Polywet® Z-1766; Rhodaline 202 Sodium polyacrylate-acrylamide resin Definition: Produced by polymerization and subsequent hydrolysis of acrylonitrile in a 1942

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference sodium silicate-sodium hydroxide aq. sol'n. Uses: Organic and mineral scale control agent in beet sugar juice/liquor or cane sugar juice/liquor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.5, limitation 2.5 ppm Sodium polycarboxylate CAS 37199-81-8 Synonyms: Maleic anhydride-diisobutylene copolymer, sodium salt Properties: Anionic Uses: Scale inhibitor for boiler water (food contact) Regulatory: Canada DSL Trade Names: Acumer® 1850 Sodium polymannuronate. See Algin Sodium polymetaphosphate. See Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium polymethacrylate CAS 25086-62-8; 54193-36-1; 156436-88-3; 156559-16-9 Synonyms: PMAA, sodium salt; Poly (methacrylic acid) sodium salt; 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, homopolymer, sodium salt Classification: Polymer Empirical: (C4H6O2)x • xNa Formula: [CH3CHCHCOONa]x Properties: Anionic Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 700 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 250 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.105, 176.170; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Hampshire Trade Names: Tamol® 850; Tamol® 960 Sodium polyphosphate CAS 68915-31-1; EINECS/ELINCS 272-808-3 INS452(i) Synonyms: Glassy sodium phosphate; Polyphosphoric acid sodium salt; Polyphosphoric acids, sodium salts; SHMP; Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium polyphosphate, amorphous Empirical: (NaPO3)n Properties: Wh. crystalline powd.; odorless; sol. in water; m.w. (101.96)n; m.p. 628 C; b.p. 1500 C;hygroscopic Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 3 mg/m3 (8 h, inh.) ; LD50 (oral,rat) 6600 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 7940 mg/kg; may cause eye, skin, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

and respiratory tract irritation; TSCA listed Environmental: small quantities present no enironmental impact; avoid discharge of large quantities into the environment Precaution: Wear protective goggles and clothing; avoid excessive moisture Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: POx Storage: Store in a cool dry place Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, pH control agent, raising agent, sequestrant, water retention agent, and texturizer in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Riedel-deHaën http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Fluka ___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Riedel. html; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Vitrafos® Sodium polyphosphate, amorphous. See Sodium polyphosphate Sodium polyphosphates, glassy. See Sodium metaphosphate Sodium potassium tartrate. See Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Potassium sodium tartrate Sodium propionate CAS 137-40-6 (anhyd.); 6700-17-0 (hydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 205-290-4 INS281; E281 Synonyms: Propanoic acid sodium salt; Propionic acid sodium salt Definition: Sodium salt of propionic acid Empirical: C3H5O2 • Na; C3H5NaO2 • xH2O Formula: CH3CH2COONa Properties: Transparent cryst. or gran., nearly odorless; very sol. in water forming alkaline sol'ns.; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 96.07 (anhyd.); m.p. 287-289 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 6332 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 2100 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1640 mg/kg; mod. toxic by skin contact and subcut. routes; can cause allergic reactions; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; deliq. in moist air 1943

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Direct food additive; antimicrobial, preservative, fungicide, mold inhibitor, flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, nonalcoholic beverages, cheese, confections, frostings, gelatins, puddings, frostings, jams, jellies, meat prods., soft candy; antimycotic migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.123, 133.124, 133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 179.45, 181.22, 181.23, 184.1784, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Canada DSL; Japan approved with limitations; Europe listed; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Kemira ChemSolutions BV http://www.kemira.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Niacet http://www.niacet.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names: Niacet Sodium Propionate FCC Trade Names Containing: Tandem® 11H K; Tandem® 552 Sodium 4-propoxycarbonylphenoxide; Sodium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium propyl phydroxybenzoate. See Sodium propylparaben Sodium propylparaben CAS 35285-69-9; EINECS/ELINCS 252-488-1 INS217; E217 Synonyms: p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester, sodium deriv.; 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, propyl ester, sodium salt; Propyl-4hydroxybenzoate, sodium salt; Propyl-phydroxybenzoate, sodium salt; Propylparaben sodium; Propylparaben sodium salt; Sodium 4propoxycarbonylphenoxide; Sodium propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; Sodium propyl phydroxybenzoate Definition: Sodium salt of propylparaben Empirical: C10H11O3 • Na Properties: Wh. powd., odorless; sol. in water; sparingly sol. in alcohol; insol. in fixed oils; m.w. 202.00; pH 9.5-10.5 (1 in 1000) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 3700 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 490 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 180 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; may cause asthma, rashes, hyperactivity Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative, bactericide, fungicide for foods Regulatory: FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Nipasol M Sodium Trade Names Containing: Nipasept Sodium® Sodium pyroborate decahydrate. See Sodium borate decahydrate Sodium pyrophosphate; n-Sodium pyrophosphate. See Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Sodium pyrosulfate. See Sodium bisulfate Sodium pyrosulfite. See Sodium metabisulfite Sodium pyruvate CAS 113-24-6; EINECS/ELINCS 204-024-4 Synonyms: α-Ketopropionic acid sodium salt; 1944

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 2-Oxopropanoic acid, sodium salt; Propanoic acid, 2-oxo-, sodium salt; Pyruvic acid, sodium salt; Sodium 2oxopropanoate Classification: Org. salt Empirical: C3H3O3 • Na Formula: CH3COOCONa Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. powd.; m.w. 110.04 Storage: Store @ 28 C Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Biosynth Int'l. http://www.biosynth.com DSL Shanghai http://www.dsl-chem.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Moravek Biochems. http://www.moravek.com; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com Sodium riboflavin phosphate (INCI). See Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium Sodium saccharide; Sodium saccharin (INCI); Sodium saccharinate. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous Sodium saccharin dihydrate. See Saccharin sodium dihydrate Sodium saccharine. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous Sodium salt of crosslinked carboxymethyl ether cellulose. See Croscarmellose sodium Sodium sesquicarbonate CAS 533-96-0; EINECS/ELINCS 208-580-9 INS500(iii); E500 Synonyms: Carbonic acid, sodium salt (2:3); Magadi soda; Sodium monohydrogen dicarbonate; Trisodium hydrogendicarbonate; Trona Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Avail. commercially as the dihydrate Empirical: C2HNa3O6; C2HNa3O6 • 2H2O Formula: Na2(CO)3 • NaHCO3 • 2H2O Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Wh. needle-shaped crystals or flakes; sol. in water forming alkaline sol'ns.; m.w. 189.99 (anhyd.), 226.03 (dihydrate); dens. 2.112; bulk dens. 0.87 kg/l; m.p. dec. Toxicology: Nuisance dust; irritant to skin, mucous membranes, tissue; TSCA listed Precaution: Noncombustible HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Direct food additive; pH control agent, alkali, neutralizer, raising agent, anticaking agent in foods, dairy prods.; cheese-making salts; cream neutralizer in butter; lactic acid control agent prior to pasteurization and churning of cream into butter; poultry scald agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1792, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §381.147; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Sodium silicate CAS 1344-09-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-687-4 INS550(i) Synonyms: SDS; Silicic acid, sodium salt; Sodium disilicate; Soluble glass; Water glass Definition: Sodium salt of silicic acid Empirical: Na6O7Si2; Na2O7Si3; Na2Si2O5 Formula: Various incl. Na2O • 2SiO2, Na6Si2O7 and Na2Si3O7 with variable amts. of water Properties: Whitish to greenish cryst. lumps, wh. powd., or cloudy to clear liqs; sol. in steam under pressure; very sl. sol. in cold water Toxicology: Corrosive, may cause burns through skin or eye contact; very destructive of mucous membranes; irritating and caustic to skin, mucous membranes; if swallowed, causes vomiting and diarrhea; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Avoid contact with water Uses: Anticaking agent in foods; preservative for eggs (as sol'n.); boiler water additive (food contact); migrating to foods from paper/paperboard, from cotton in dry food pkg. 1945

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 175.390, 176.170, 177.1200, 182.70, 182.90; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Adeka Fine Chem. http://www.adk.co.jp; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Brenntag Belgium http://www.brenntag.be Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chem. Prods. http://www.cpc-us.com/; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Hydrite http://www.hydrite.com; INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Interstate Chem. http://www.interstatechemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; PQ http://www.pqcorp.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Solvay Solexis http://www.solvaysolexis.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Stanson http://www.stanson.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holme-clark.com See also Sodium metasilicate Sodium silicoaluminate CAS 1344-00-9; EINECS/ELINCS 215-684-8 INS554 Synonyms: Aluminosilicic acid, sodium salt; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aluminum sodium silicate; Silicic acid, aluminum sodium salt; Sodium aluminosilicate; Sodium aluminum silicate; Sodium feldspar; Zeolite; Zeolites Definition: Series of hydrated sodium aluminum silicates; produced by reaction of sodium silicate and kaolinite clay Formula: Na2O : Al2O3 : SiO2 with mole ratio ≈ 1:1:13.2 Properties: Wh. fine amorphous powd. or beads, odorless and tasteless; insol. in water, alcohol, org. solvs.; partly sol. in strong acids and alkali hydroxides @ 80-100 C; pH 6.5-10.5 (20% slurry) Toxicology: Irritant to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Noncombustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Anticaking agent in foods, cake mixes, dry mixes, nondairy creamers, salt, powdered sugar Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.146, 160.105, 160.185, 176.170, 182.2727 (2% max.), 582.2727, GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Am. Colloid http://www.colloid.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; PQ http://www.pqcorp.com; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Zeolex® 7A Trade Names Containing: DP 313; DP 363; DP 374; Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-1-FF; FloAm® System Star Flake® Dendritic ES Salt; Whole Egg Solids Type W-1-FF; Zeolex® 7; Zeolex® 23A; Zeolex® 201 See also Zeolite Sodium sorbate CAS 7757-81-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-819-3 INS201; E200 1946

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, sodium salt; Sodium 2,4-hexadienoate; Sodium (E,E)hexa-2,4-dienoate; Sorbic acid sodium salt Definition: Sodium salt of sorbic acid Empirical: C6H7O2 • Na Formula: CH3CH:CHCH:CHCOONa Properties: M.w. 134.12 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7160 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 2500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing.; mutagenic data; migrates to food from pkg. materials Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Preservative for foods, baked goods, cheese, margarine; migrating to foods from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.118, 133.121, 133.123, 133.124, 133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 133.187, 133.188, 150.141, 150.161, 166.110, 182.90, 182.3795, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Europe listed Manuf./Distrib.: FBC Ind. http://www.fbcindustries.com Sodium starch glycolate CAS 9063-38-1 Synonyms: Carboxymethyl starch sodium salt; Sodium carboxymethyl starch; Sodium starch glycolate; Starch carboxymethyl ether sodium salt Definition: Sodium salt of a carboxymethyl ether of starch Formula: (C6H9O4 • O • CH2 • COONa)n Properties: Wh. powd., odorless, tasteless; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 500,000 11,000,000; pH 3-5 or 5.5-7.5 (1 g/30 ml aq. susp.) Toxicology: TSCA listed Storage: Hygroscopic; Sodium starch glycolate is stable and should be stored in a well-closed container to protect it from wide variations in humidity and temperature that may cause caking Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer in foods, ice cream (to increase overrun); anti-aging agent for bread Regulatory: FDA approved for buccals, orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avebe http://www.avebe.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; J. Rettenmaier & Söhne http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de Matsutani Chem. Ind. http://www.matsutani.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nippon Starch Chem. http://www.nichidene.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk Trade Names: Explosol® SSG-1; Explosol® SSG-2; Tablo® Sodium starch glycolate. See Sodium starch glycolate Sodium stearate CAS 822-16-2; EINECS/ELINCS 212-490-5 INS470; E470a Synonyms: Octadecanoic acid, sodium salt; Sodium octadecanoate; Stearic acid, sodium salt Classification: Sat. aliphatic carboxylic acid salt Definition: Sodium salt of stearic acid Empirical: C18H35NaO2 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COONa Properties: Wh. fine powd., fatty (tallow) odor; sol. in hot water and hot alcohol; slowly sol. in cold water and cold alcohol; insol. in many org. solvs.; m.w. 306.47 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3 (stearates); LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg (@ 1947

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 25%), (skin, rabbit) > 3 g/kg (@ 10-25%); LDLo (IV, dog) 10 mg/kg; poison by IV and other routes; inh. of high concs. of dust may cause coughing, mild temporary irritation; nonirritating to skin; sl. eye irritant; ing. may cause irritation, nausea, diarrhea; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible dust; may form explosive dust-air mixts.; incompat. with acids (reacts vigorously) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive; store in cool area away from ignition sources Uses: Anticaking agent, binder, emulsifier, stabilizer in foods; masticatory substance for chewing gum; stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 172.863, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3910, 179.45, 181.22, 181.29; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Cometals Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/ Original Bradford Soap Works http://www.bradfordsoap.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Trade Names Containing: Imwitor® 960K Sodium stearoyl fumarate. See Sodium stearyl fumarate Sodium stearoyl lactylate CAS 25383-99-7; EINECS/ELINCS 246-929-7 INS481(i); E481 Synonyms: Lactic acid, bimol. ester, stearate, sodium salt; Octadecanoic acid, 2-(1carboxyethoxy)-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl ester, sodium salt; Sodium 2-(1-carboxyethoxy)-1methyl-2-oxoethyl octadecanoate; Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate; Sodium stearyl-2lactylate; SSL; Stearic acid, ester with lactic acid bimol. ester, sodium salt Definition: Sodium salt of the stearic acid ester of lactyl lactate Empirical: C24H44O6 • Na Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOCHCH3COOCHCH3COONa Properties: Wh. or cream-colored powd.; caramel odor; sol. in hot oil or fat; disp. in warm water; m.w. 450.60; m.p. 46-52 C; HLB 10-12; anionic; HLB 10.0-12.0 Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, stabilizer, dough strengthener, dough conditioner, formulation aid, processing aid, texturizer, whipping agent in foods, baked prods., desserts, mixes, icings, puddings, dehydrated potatoes; complexing agent for starches and proteins Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.846, 177.1200; Europe listed; UK approved; Australian approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com

1948

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Admul SSL 1078; Admul SSL 2012; Emplex; Imwitor® 550; Lactipol S Paniplex SK; Prefera® SSL; SSL Trade Names Containing: Atmos® 378 K; Cake D-Lite; Eleggance™; Grindsted™ GA 1350 K-A; Imperial FD MG-60; MG-S; Myvatex® Texture Lite® K; Panicrust LC K; Patco® 3 Reduce®-150; Simplex; Soft Touch K Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate. See Sodium stearoyl lactylate Sodium stearyl fumarate CAS 4070-80-8 Synonyms: Sodium stearoyl fumarate Empirical: C22H39NaO4 Properties: Wh. fine powd.; sl. sol. in methanol; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 390.54; sapon. no. 142-146 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Uses: Dough conditioner in yeast-raised baked goods; conditioner in dehydrated potatoes, processed cereals, starch- or flour-thickened foods; stabilizer in nonyeast-leavened baked goods Features: Inert; hydrophilic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.826; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Boscogen http://www.boscogen.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Sodium stearyl-2-lactylate. See Sodium stearoyl lactylate Sodium subsulfite. See Sodium thiosulfate anhydrous Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium sucaryl. See Sodium cyclamate Sodium succinate CAS 150-90-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-778-7 FEMA 3277 Synonyms: Butanedioic acid disodium salt; Disodium butanedioate; Disodium succinate (INCI); Succinic acid disodium salt; Succinic acid sodium salt Classification: Carboxylic acid salt Definition: Disodium salt of succinic acid; avail. as the anhyd. salt or hexahydrate Empirical: C4H4Na2O4 Formula: (CH2COONa)2 • 6H2O (hexahydrate) Properties: Hexahydrate: Wh. gran. or cryst. powd.; sol. in 5 parts water; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 162.05 (anhyd.), 270.15 (hexahydrate); stable in air; loses all its water @ 120 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 4.5 g/kg; sl. toxic by IV route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Acidulant, flavoring agent in foods; protective coating for fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA approved for orals; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; DSM Fine Chems. Austria http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; MitsubishiKagaku Foods http://www.mfc.co.jp; NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/ Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Sodium sulfate CAS 7757-82-6; EINECS/ELINCS 231-820-9 1949

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference INS514(i); E514 Synonyms: Disodium sulfate; Glauber's salt; Salt cake; Sodium sulfate (2:1); Sodium sulfate anhydrous; Sulfuric acid, disodium salt Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: Na2O4S Formula: Na2SO4 Properties: Wh. cryst. or powd., odorless, bitter saline taste; sol. in water, glycerol; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 142.04; dens. 2.671; m.p. 888 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 5989 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 1220 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Violent reaction with Al Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; store @ R.T. Uses: Food additive; pH control agent, processing aid, diluent in foods; prod. of caramel; boiler water additive (food contact); hog/poultry scald agent; chewing gum; in malt process for beer-making; constituent of food-contact paper/paperboard, cotton in dry food pkg; animal feed ingred. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 173.310, 177.1200, 186.1797, GRAS as indirect food additive; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for parenterals, ophthalmics, orals, topicals; Canada DSL; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Akzo Nobel Salt http://www.akzonobelsalt.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF http://www.basf.com Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; DC Chem. http://www.dcchem.co.kr/english/index.asp; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com Giles http://www.gileschemical.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Indspec http://www.indspec-chem.com; Inspec Fibres GmbH http://www.P84.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kemira Kemi AB http://www.kemirakemi.com/; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Luigi Stoppani http://www.stoppani.it; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Morton Int'l. http://www.morton.com; http://www.rohmhaas.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Saskatchewan Mins. http://www.saskatchewanminerals.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Hubersorb® 600; Hubersorb® 5121; Zeofree® 80; Zeofree® 5162; Zeolex® 7 Zeolex® 23A; Zeolex® 201; Zeosyl® 200; Zeothix® 265 Sodium sulfate (2:1); Sodium sulfate anhydrous. See Sodium sulfate Sodium sulfate crystals. See Sodium sulfate 1950

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decahydrate Sodium sulfate decahydrate CAS 7727-73-3; EINECS/ELINCS 231-820-9 Synonyms: Glauber's salt; Sodium sulfate crystals Classification: Sulfate Empirical: Na2O4S • 10H2O Formula: Na2SO4 • 10HOH Properties: Wh. cryst., needles, or gran. powd.; sol. in water, glycerol; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 322.20; dens. 1.464; m.p. 33 C; loses water @ 100 C; pH neutral; nonflamm. Toxicology: Irritant; TSCA listed Storage: Protect from air; keep tightly closed Uses: Prod. of caramel; chewing gum base; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 172.615, 173.310, 177.1200 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Sodium sulfhydrate. See Sodium bisulfite Sodium sulfide CAS 1313-82-2 (anhyd.); 1313-84-4 (nonahydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 215-211-5 UN 1385 (anhyd.; UN DOT); 1849 Synonyms: Disodium sulfide; Sodium monosulfide; Sodium sulfide anhydrous Classification: Inorg. salt Empirical: Na2S Formula: Na2S or Na2S • 9H2O (nonahydrate) Properties: Anhyd.: Yel.-pink or wh. amorphous cryst., deliq.; m.w. 78.04; dens. 1.856 (14 C); m.p. 1180 C; Nonahydrate: m.w. 240.18; dens. 1.427 Toxicology: Anhyd.: LD50 (oral, rat) 208 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 147 mg/kg; toxic; poison by ing., IP routes; corrosive; target organs: nerves, cardiovascular; Hydrate: LD50 (IP, mouse) 53 mg/kg; toxic; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; flamm. solid; flamm. when exposed to heat or flame; unstable; explosion hazard on rapid heating or percussion; reacts violently with carbon, water; avoid contact with acid Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O Storage: Deliq.; hygroscopic; air- and lightsensitive; refrigerate Uses: Reaction-control agent in synthetic polymer prod. for chewing gums Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 177.2600, 177.2490; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; CP PhibroChem http://www.phibrochem.com Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Chem One http://www.chemone.com; Chem. Prods. http://www.cpc-us.com/; Cooper Chem. http://www.cooperchemical.com/; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Solvay SA http://www.solvay.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Sodium sulfide anhydrous. See Sodium sulfide Sodium sulfite CAS 7757-83-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-821-4 INS221; E221 Synonyms: Disodium sulfite; Exsiccated sodium sulfite; Sodium sulfite (2:1); Sodium sulfite anhydrous; Sulfurous acid disodium salt; Sulfurous acid sodium salt (1:2) Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: Na2O3S Formula: Na2SO3 Properties: Wh. to tan or pink powd. or hexagonal crystals, odorless, salty sulfurous taste; sol. in 3.2 parts water; sol. in glycerol; pract. insol. in alcohol; m.w. 126.04; dens. 2.633 (15.4 C); b.p. dec.; pH ≈ 9 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 820 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 950 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 115 mg/kg; poison by IV, subcut. routes; mod. toxic by ing., IP routes; may provoke asthma; 1951

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference destroys vitamin B1; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Reducing agent Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of Na2O and SOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Moisture-sensitive Uses: Preservative, antioxidant in foods, wine, beer; boiler water additive (food contact); bleaching agent in foods (Japan) Features: Not for use on meats, sources of vitamin B1, raw fruits and vegetables, or fresh potatoes Use Level: 0.3-0.75% (sympathomimetic/aminoglycoside medications) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 172.615, 173.310, 177.1200, 182.3798, GRAS; Japan approved (0.03-5 g/kg max. residual as sulfur dioxide); Europe listed; FDA approved for injectables, inhalants, orals, topicals; NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Esseco SpA http://www.esseco.com FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Indspec http://www.indspec-chem.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Southern Ionics http://www.southernionics.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk Trade Names Containing: Reduce®-150 Sodium sulfite (2:1); Sodium sulfite anhydrous. See Sodium sulfite Sodium sulfoacetate derivs. of mono- and diglycerides CAS 977052-47-3 Synonyms: Mono- and diglycerides, sodium sulfoacetate derivs. Properties: Anionic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Flavoring agent for meat, poultry; o/w emulsifier, defoamer for food processing; dough modifier Regulatory: USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147 (limitation 0.5%) Sodium sulfoxylate. See Sodium hydrosulfite Sodium tartrate CAS 868-18-8 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 212773-3 INS335(ii) Synonyms: Bisodium tartrate; Disodium tartrate; Disodium L-(+)-tartrate; Sal tartar; L-Tartaric acid disodium salt Definition: Disodium salt of L(+)-tartaric acid Empirical: C4H4Na2O6 Properties: Colorless transparent cryst., odorless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 194.05; dens. 1.80 kg/l Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rabbit) 5290 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ingestion; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Sequestrant, stabilizer, antioxidant, antioxidant synergist, buffer, pH control agent, emulsifier in foods, cheeses, fats and oils, jams and jellies Regulatory: NF, FDA 21CFR §133.169, 133.173, 1952

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 184.1801, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for parenterals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kimson; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Novarina Srl http://www.novarina.it; Shamrock Tech. http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com See also Monosodium tartrate Sodium tetraborate decahydrate. See Sodium borate decahydrate Sodium tetraborate pentahydrate CAS 12179-04-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-540-4 Synonyms: Borates, tetra, sodium salts, pentahydrate; Boric acid, disodium salt, pentahydrate; Boron sodium oxide, pentahydrate; Tetraborate, pentahydrate Empirical: B4O7 • 2Na • 5H2O Properties: Solid; m.w. 360.29 Toxicology: OSHA TLV/TWA 1 mg/m3; REL 1 mg/m3; mod. irritating to nose, throat, and skin Uses: Mfg. of paper/paperboard for food pkg. Manuf./Distrib.: U.S. Borax http://www.borax.com/ Trade Names: Neobor® Sodium tetradecanoate. See Sodium myristate Sodium tetrahydridoborate; Sodium tetrahydroborate. See Sodium borohydride Sodium tetrapolyphosphate. See Sodium metaphosphate Sodium tetrapyrophosphate. See Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Sodium thiosulfate. See Sodium thiosulfate anhydrous Sodium thiosulfate anhydrous CAS 7772-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-867-5 INS539 Synonyms: Disodium thiosulfate; Hypo; Sodium hyposulfite; Sodium subsulfite; Sodium thiosulfate; Thiosulfuric acid disodium salt Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Avail. as the anhyd. or pentahydrate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

salts Empirical: Na2O3S2 Formula: Na2S2O3 Properties: Colorless cryst. or cryst. powd.; sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol; m.w. 158.11; dens. 1.667; dec. on heating Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 5200 mg/kg; LDLo (dermal, rabbit) 4 g/kg; mod. toxic by subcut. route; mildly irritating to respiratory tract and skin (may cause dermatitis); TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with oxidizers, metal nitrates, sodium nitrite; slowly dec. at R.T. and more rapidly in presence of light and heat Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of Na2O and SOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Hygroscopic; deliq. in moist air Uses: Antioxidant, formulation aid, reducing agent, sequestrant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1807, GRAS; FDA approved for intravenous, ophthalmics, orals; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kimson; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Southern Ionics http://www.southernionics.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk 1953

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate CAS 10102-17-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-867-5 Synonyms: Sodium hyposulfite pentahydrate; Thiosulfuric acid disodium salt pentahydrate Empirical: Na2O3S2 • 5H2O Formula: Na2S2O3 • 5H2O Properties: Colorless cryst. or gran., odorless; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 248.18; dens. 1.69; m.p. 48 C; pH 6.5-8.0; loses water of cryst. @ 100 C and dec. at higher temps. Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rat) > 2.5 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 5600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; ing. may cause cyanosis in humans; lg. internal doses have cathartic action; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with iodine, acids, lead, mercury, and silver salts; violent reaction with NaNO2 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of SOx, Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Hygroscopic; sl. deliq. in moist air; store @ R.T. Uses: Food additive; sequestrant, antioxidant, formulation aid, reducing agent, emulsifier, pH control agent in foods, beverages, table salt, cheeses, jams, jellies Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1807, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk Sodium trimetaphosphate CAS 7785-84-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-088-3 Synonyms: Metaphosphoric acid trisodium salt; Trimetaphosphate sodium Classification: Inorganic salt Empirical: O9P3 • 3Na Formula: (NaPO3)3 Properties: Wh. cryst. or wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in water; m.w. 305.92 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 100 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 3650 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rabbit) 240 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx and Na2O Uses: Prep. of food starch modified Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892; GRAS; FDA approved for intravenous; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Prayon Inc http://www.prayon.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Sodium triphosphate; Sodium tripolyphosphate. See Pentasodium triphosphate Solanum tuberosum. See Potato (Solanum tuberosum) starch; Potato (Solanum tuberosum) extract Soluble glass. See Sodium metasilicate; Sodium silicate Soluble gluside. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous Soluble indigo. See FD&C Blue No. 2; Acid blue 74 Soluble saccharin. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous Solum diatomeae. See Diatomaceous earth Solvent naphtha. See VM&P naphtha; Stoddard solvent Solvent naphtha (petroleum), light aliphatic. See Naphtha, light aliphatic Solvent red 80. See Citrus red no. 2 Solvent yellow 5. See 1-(Phenylazo)-2naphthylamine SOPP. See Sodium o-phenylphenate Sorbaldehyde. See trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienal Sorbeth-40 Tetraoleate. See PEG-40 sorbitan tetraoleate Sorbic acid CAS 110-44-1; 22500-92-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-768-7 INS200; E200 Synonyms: (2-Butenylidene) acetic acid; Crotylidene acetic acid; Hexadienic acid; Hexadienoic acid; 2,4-Hexadienoic acid; 1954

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 1,3-Pentadiene-1-carboxylic acid; 2Propenylacrylic acid Classification: Organic acid; unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid Definition: Commercial prod. is the trans,transisomer Empirical: C6H8O2 Formula: CH3CH=CHCH=CHCOOH Properties: Colorless needles or wh. powd., char. odor, almost tasteless; very sol. in alcohol, ether; sol. in acetone, acetic acid, hot water, oxygenated solvs.; mod. sol. in propylene glycol, ethyl ether; sl. sol. in oils, glycerol, cyclohexane, CCl4; m.w. 112.14; m.p. 134.5 C; b.p. 228 C (dec.); flash pt. (OC) 126130 C; weakly acidic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7360 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 2820 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 2820 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP, subcut. routes; mildly toxic by ing.; ing. of very lg. dose may cause nausea; severe human skin irritant; eye irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke, irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative, mold inhibitor, yeast inhibitor, fungicide, acidulant, flavoring agent for foods, dry fishes, meat, animal feeds, tobacco; antimycotic migrating from food pkg. Use Level: 0.05-0.5%; 0.1-0.13% (ophthalmics); 0.3% (oral enzyme prods., gelatin capsules) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.118, 133.123, 133.124, 133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 133.187, 146.152, 146.154, 150.141, 150.161, 166.110, 172.872, 177.2260, 181.22, 181.23, 182.3089, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Canada DSL; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; USA CIR approved, EPA reg.; JSCI approved 0.5% max.; Europe listed 0.6% max.; Japan approved with limitations; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Chisso http://www.chisso.co.jp/english/ Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Daicel Chem. Ind. http://www.daicel.co.jp; Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma http://www.dspharma.co.jp/english; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Fallek; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; 1955

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Lucid Colloids http://www.lucidgroup.com/; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de Nutrinova GmbH http://www.nutrinova.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/ Quimdis; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Spice King; Takasago Int'l. USA http://www.takasago.com/; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Ueno Fine Chems. Ind. http://www.uenofc.co.jp/e_chem01.html Unipex http://www.unipex.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names: Nutrinova® Sorbic Acid; Panosorb® Trade Names Containing: Dow Corning® Q72587; Dow Corning® Medical Antifoam AF Emulsion; Muffin Aid®; Vitamin B12 0.1% SD Sorbic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl sorbate Sorbic acid, methyl ester; Sorbic acid, methyl ester, (E, E). See Methyl sorbate Sorbic acid potassium salt. See Potassium sorbate Sorbic acid sodium salt. See Sodium sorbate Sorbic alcohol. See 2,4-Hexadienol Sorbic aldehyde. See trans,trans-2,4Hexadienal Sorbimacrogol laurate 300. See Polysorbate 20 Sorbimacrogol oleate 300. See Polysorbate 80 Sorbimacrogol palmitate 300. See Polysorbate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

40 Sorbimacrogol stearate 300. See Polysorbate 60 Sorbimacrogol trioleate 300. See Polysorbate 85 Sorbimacrogol tristearate 300. See Polysorbate 65 Sorbinic alcohol. See 2,4-Hexadienol Sorbit. See Sorbitol Sorbitan. See Sorbitol anhydride Sorbitan caprylate CAS 60177-36-8; EINECS/ELINCS 262-098-3 Synonyms: Sorbitan, monooctanoate Definition: Monoester of caprylic acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Empirical: C14H26O6 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for foods Trade Names: Nissan Nonion CP-08R Sorbitan, esters, monododecanoate. See Sorbitan laurate Sorbitan, esters, monohexadecanoate. See Sorbitan palmitate Sorbitan, esters, monooctadecanoate. See Sorbitan stearate Sorbitan laurate CAS 1338-39-2; 5959-89-7; EINECS/ELINCS 215-663-3; 227-729-9 INS493; E493 Synonyms: Anhydrosorbitol monolaurate; Sorbitan, esters, monododecanoate; Sorbitan monododecanoate; Sorbitan monolaurate Definition: Monoester of lauric acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Empirical: C18H34O6 Properties: Yel. to amber oily liq., bland char. odor; sol. in methanol, alcohol, min. oil; sl. sol. in cottonseed oil, ethyl acetate; insol. in water; m.w. 346.47; dens. 1.032; m.p. 18 C; HLB 8.6; acid no. 8 max.; sapon. no. 158-170; hyd. no. 330-358; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4740; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 33,600 mg/kg; TDLo (skin, mouse, 24 wk intermittent) 1350 mg/kg; sl. toxic by ing.; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, crystallization 1956

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference inhibitor, dough improver, antifoam, stabilizer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 178.3400; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for ophthalmics, orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Ablunol S-20; Crill 1; Emasol L10(F); Glycomul® L K; Lumisorb™ SML K Nissan Nonion LP-20R, LP-20RS; SL-10; Sorgen 90; Span® 20 Pharma Sorbitan monododecanoate. See Sorbitan laurate Sorbitan, monododecanoate, poly(oxy-1,2ethanediyl) derivs. See Polysorbate 20 Sorbitan, monohexadecanoate, poly(oxy-1,2ethanediyl) derivs. See Polysorbate 40 Sorbitan monolaurate. See Sorbitan laurate Sorbitan monooctadecanoate. See Sorbitan stearate Sorbitan, monooctadecanoate, poly (oxy-1,2ethanediyl) derivs. See Polysorbate 60 Sorbitan mono-9-octadecenoate. See Sorbitan oleate Sorbitan, monooctanoate. See Sorbitan caprylate Sorbitan monooleate; Sorbitan monooleic acid ester. See Sorbitan oleate Sorbitan monopalmitate. See Sorbitan palmitate Sorbitan monostearate. See Sorbitan stearate Sorbitan myristate Definition: Monoester of myristic acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer, thickener for foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trade Names: Nissan Nonion MP-30R Sorbitan, octadecanoate (2:3). See Sorbitan sesquistearate Sorbitan, 9-octadecenoate (2:3). See Sorbitan sesquioleate Sorbitan oleate CAS 1338-43-8; 5938-38-5; EINECS/ELINCS 215-665-4 INS494; E494 Synonyms: Anhydrosorbitol monooleate; Monodehydrosorbitol monooleate; SMO; Sorbitan mono-9-octadecenoate; Sorbitan monooleate; Sorbitan monooleic acid ester Definition: Monoester of oleic acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Empirical: C24H44O6 Properties: Yel. to amber visc. liq., char. bland odor; misc. with min. and veg. oils; sl. sol. in ether; insol. in water, acetone, propylene glycol; m.w. 428.62; dens. 0.986; HLB 4.3; acid no. 8 max.; iodine no. 62-76; sapon. no. 145-160; hyd. no. 193-210; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4800; Nonionic Toxicology: Skin irritant; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier for foods, polymer dispersions used to clarify beet or cane sugar juice or liquor; stabilizer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1001, 173.75, 175.105, 175.320, 178.3400; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Global-Seven http://www.globalseven.com/; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com;

1957

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Ablunol S-80; Canarcel 80; Crill 4; Crill 50; Nissan Nonion OP-80R Nofable SO-901; Nofable SO-991; SO-10V; S-Maz® 80K; Sorgen 40 Span® 80V Pharma Sorbitan palmitate CAS 26266-57-9; EINECS/ELINCS 247-568-8 INS495; E495 Synonyms: 1,4-Anhydro-D-glucitol, 6hexadecanoate; Monopalmitate sorbitan; Sorbitan, esters, monohexadecanoate; Sorbitan monopalmitate Definition: Partial ester of palmitic acid with sorbitol mono- and dianhydrides Empirical: C22H42O6 Properties: Tan gran. waxy solid, faint tallow-like odor; sol. in ethyl acetate, warm abs. alcohol; sol. hazy in warm peanut or min. oil; insol. in water; m.w. 402.57; dens. 0.989; HLB 6.7; acid no. 8 max.; sapon. no. 140-150; hyd. no. 275305; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4780; Nonionic Toxicology: No known toxicity; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Surfactant, emulsifier, stabilizer for foods; antimicrobial in cane and beet sugar mills Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 178.3400; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for intramuscular injectables; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium;

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Crill 2; Emasol P-10(F); Nissan Nonion PP-40R; SO-10EX; SP-10V Span® 40 Sorbitan sesquioleate CAS 8007-43-0; EINECS/ELINCS 232-360-1 Synonyms: Anhydrohexitol sesquioleate; Anhydrosorbitol sesquioleate; Sorbitan, 9octadecenoate (2:3) Definition: Mixture of mono and diesters of oleic acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Properties: Yel. to amber thick oily liq.; sol. in alcohol, IPA, min. oil, cottonseed oil; insol. in water, propylene glycol; HLB 3.7; acid no. 14 max.; iodine no. 65-75; sapon. no. 143-165; hyd. no. 182-220; Nonionic Toxicology: Skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Emulsifier, lubricant, wetting agent, softener for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320; FDA approved for topicals; NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Crill 43; Nissan Nonion OP83RAT; Nofable SO-902; Nofable SO-992; SO-15MV SO-15V; Sorgen 30 Sorbitan sesquistearate CAS 51938-44-4; EINECS/ELINCS 257-529-7 Synonyms: Anhydrosorbitol sesquistearate; Sorbitan, octadecanoate (2:3) Classification: Stearic Definition: Mixture of mono and diesters of stearic acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for foods 1958

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320 Manuf./Distrib.: Nikko Chems. Co. Ltd http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html Trade Names: SS-15V Sorbitan stearate CAS 1338-41-6; 69005-67-8; EINECS/ELINCS 215-664-9 FEMA 3028; INS491; E491 Synonyms: Anhydro-d-glucitol monooctadecanoate; Anhydrosorbitol monostearate; Anhydrosorbitol stearate; SMS; Sorbitan, esters, monooctadecanoate; Sorbitan monooctadecanoate; Sorbitan monostearate Definition: Monoester of stearic acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Empirical: C24H46O6 Properties: Cream to tan waxy beads, bland odor and taste; sol. in ethyl acetate, veg. and min. oils; insol. in water, acetone, alcohol, propylene glycol; m.w. 430.70; m.p. 49-65 C; pour pt. 51-54 C; HLB 4.7; acid no. 5-10; sapon. no. 147-157; hyd. no. 235-260; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 31 g/kg; very mildly toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, wetting agent, surfactant, stabilizer, solubilizer, coupling agent, defoamer, synthetic flavoring agent in foods; emulsifier for whipped toppings, cakes, cake mixes/icings/fillings, confectionery coatings, coffee whiteners; rehydration agent in prod. of active dry yeast; protective coatings on fruits and vegetables; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1001, 163.123, 163.130, 163.135, 163.140, 163.145, 163.150, 163.153, 163.155, 172.515, 172.836, 172.838, 172.840, 172.842, 173.310, 173.340, 175.105, 175.320, 178.3400, 573.960; Canada DSL; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for topicals, vaginals, orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il; Ashland Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.ashchem.com; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Imperial Industrial http://www.iic.co.th; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Ablunol S-60; Avester™ SMS sobitan ester; Canarcel 60; Crill 3; Crill 3 NF Durtan® 60; Famodan MS Kosher; Glycomul® S KFG; Liposorb S; Lumisorb™ SMS KP Nissan Nonion SP-60R; Polycon® S60 K; SMaz® 60K; Sorbitan 60 K; Sorgen 50 Span® 60; Span® 60 Pharma Powder; Span® 60 Veg Spray; Span® 60K; SS-10MV Trade Names Containing: AF 9010; AF 9020; AF 9030; Bealite™ 650; MGS-TGV Vanall; Vykamol 83G Sorbitan tallate Properties: Nonionic Uses: Surfactant, o/w emulsifier for foods, feed Features: Lipophilic Manuf./Distrib.: Lonza http://www.lonza.com Trade Names: Kosteran-T/1 Sorbitan trioctadecanoate. See Sorbitan tristearate Sorbitan, trioctadecanoate, poly (oxy-1,2ethanediyl) derivs. See Polysorbate 65 Sorbitan tri-9-octadecenoate. See Sorbitan trioleate Sorbitan trioleate CAS 26266-58-0; 85186-88-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-569-3; 286-074-7 INS496 Synonyms: Anhydrosorbitol trioleate; Sorbitan tri-9-octadecenoate; STO 1959

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Triester of oleic acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Empirical: C60H108O8 Properties: Yel. to amber oily liq.; sol. in alcohol, veg. oil, min. oil; insol. in water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol; m.w. 957.52; dens. 0.956; HLB 1.8; acid no. 17 max.; iodine no. 77-85; sapon. no. 170-190; hyd. no. 50-75; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4760; Nonionic Toxicology: Irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 178.3400; FDA approved for inhalants, orals, topicals; NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Nihon Surfactant http://www.nikkol.co.jp/en/group_nissa.htm l; Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Trade Names: Ablunol S-85; Crill 45; Nissan Nonion OP-85R; Nofable SO-903; Nofable SO-993 S-Maz® 85K; Span® 85 Sorbitan tristearate CAS 26658-19-5; 72869-62-6; EINECS/ELINCS 247-891-4; 276-951-2 INS492; E492 Synonyms: Anhydrosorbitol tristearate; Sorbitan trioctadecanoate; STS Definition: Triester of stearic acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Empirical: C60H114O8 Properties: Wh. to tan waxy beads; sol. in IPA; insol. in water; m.w. 963.56; pour pt. 48 C; HLB 2.1; acid no. 12-15; sapon. no. 176-188; Nonionic Toxicology: No known toxicity; TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, crystallization control agent in foods Features: Lipophilic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.320, 178.3400; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Adumim Food Ingreds. http://www.adumim.co.il; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Trade Names: Canarcel 65; Crill 35; Crill 41; Durtan® 65; Glycomul® TS KFG Imwitor® 161; Liposorb TS; Lumisorb™ STS K; Rheodol SP-S30; Span® 65 Span® 65K Sorbitan tritallate CAS 68334-19-0 Uses: O/w emulsifier, dispersant for foods Sorbite; D-Sorbite. See Sorbitol Sorbitol CAS 50-70-4; 3959-43-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200061-5 FEMA 3029; INS420; E420 Synonyms: Glucitol; D-Glucitol; Gulitol; Sorbit; Sorbite; D-Sorbite; D-Sorbitol; γSorbitol; Sorbo; Sorbol Classification: Hydrogenated oligosaccharides. Empirical: C6H14O6 Formula: CH2OHHCOHHOCHHCOHHCOHCH2OH Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., gran. or flakes, odorless, sweet taste; sol. in water, hot alcohol, methanol, IPA, DMF, acetic acid, phenol, acetamide sol'ns., oxygenated solvs.; insol. in veg. and min. oils; m.w. 182.20; dens. 1.47 (-5 C); m.p. 93-97.5 C; b.p. 105 C; pH ≈ 7.0 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 15,900 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; excess consumption may have laxative effect; intolerance manifested by abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea; no known toxicity if used externally; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to 1960

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, anticaking agent, flow aid, curing agent, pickling agent, drying agent, firming agent, flavoring agent, adjuvant, emulsifier, formulation aid, humectant, lubricant, release agent, sequestrant, stabilizer, thickener, surface-finishing agent, texturizer, nutritive sweetener in foods; sugar substitute for diabetics; sugar cryst. inhibitor; humectant for tobacco Features: Oleaginous Use Level: 70-72% (suspensions); 6-35% (sol'ns.); 5-25% (syrups); 5-20% (elixirs) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 101.80, 175.300, 175.320, 176.180, 176.210, 177.1390, 177.2420, 182.90, 184.1835, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for dentals, intramuscular injectables, orals, rectals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; ADM Specialty Ingreds. http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns. Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Biorganics; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Boehle http://www.interpolymer.com/contentmgr/s howdetails.php/id/204; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl; Cerestar UK http://www.cerestar.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; CoKEM Assoc.; Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com; EMCO Chem. Distributors http://www.emcochem.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/ Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Primachem R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Roquette Am. http://www.roquette.fr; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; SPI 1961

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Pharma http://www.spipharma.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names: C*Sorbidex C; C*Sorbidex C 16121; C*Sorbidex C 16122; C*Sorbidex S 16603; Meritol 121 Meritol 130; Meritol 160; Sorbifin®; Sorbitol Sol'n. High Mannitol; Sorbo® Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC; Sorbogem™; Sorbogem™ 712; Sorbogem™ 834; Sorbogem™ 1162 Sorbogem™ 2016; Sorbogem™ Fines; Syral OX 70 Trade Names Containing: Excelsponge-7; Friendy 55(V); Friendy M; Litesse® Ultra™; Ryoto Ester SP Sorbitol Sol'n. Noncrystallizing; Sorbitol Special™ Polyol Solution; Stabilite™ 1; Stabilite™ SD30; Stabilite™ SD60 D-Sorbitol; γ-Sorbitol. See Sorbitol Sorbitol anhydride Synonyms: Sorbitan Uses: Ingred. in food supplements Trade Names Containing: Sorbitol Special™ Polyol Solution Sorbo; Sorbol. See Sorbitol Sorbyl alcohol. See 2,4-Hexadienol Sorghum gum. See Starch SOS. See Sodium octyl sulfate SOSS. See Starch sodium octenyl succinate Sour gas. See Hydrogen sulfide Southern bentonite. See Bentonite Soyabean acid. See Soy acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Soya bean oil. See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Soy acid CAS 68308-53-2; EINECS/ELINCS 269-657-0 Synonyms: Acids, soy; Fatty acids, soya; Soyabean acid Definition: Mixture of fatty acids derived from soybean oil Properties: Liq. or solid; acid no. 194-204; iodine no. 123-140; sapon. no. 195-205 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Lubricant, release agent, binder, defoamer in foods; intermediate for food emulsifiers Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 177.2800, 178.3570; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Trade Names: Glycon® SFA KFG Soya flour. See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Soya lecithin. See Lecithin Soya oil. See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Soya oil monoglyceride. See Soy glyceride Soybean flour. See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Soybean (Glycine soja) flour CAS 68513-95-1 Synonyms: Flour, soy; Glycine soja; Soya flour; Soybean flour; Soy flour Definition: Powd. prepared from fine grinding of soybean, Glycine max. Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: High protein foods, esp. textured proteins and meat analogs; antioxidant, emulsifier extending shelf life in foods; animal feeds Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Hesco http://www.hescoinc.com/hesco/default.asp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Nurupan™; Soyapan™ Trade Names Containing: CDC-10A; CDC-10A (NB); CDC-79; CDC-2001; CDC-2500 CFI-10; Dependox AXC; Do Crest Gold; Doughmaker; Doughmaker 5 DoughMaster 200; DoughMaster 300; Dri-Do Plus; Dri-Mol®; Dri-Mol® 604 Dri-Mol® Flake; Drize-P Powder; Extram® H; Hentex-76; Honi-Bake® Honi-Bake® 705; Honi-Flake; Honi-Flake 705; Imperial FD; Improved Paniplus M

1962

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Monofresh Super; Natural Flavor White Sour; N'Hance (Phase I) Powd.; N'Hance SD; Nutrisoy® 7B Pantastic; Soft Cel®; Soylec® A-10; Soylec® C-15; Vitalex® A Soybean (Glycine soja) oil CAS 8001-22-7; 8016-70-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-274-4 Synonyms: Chinese bean oil; Glycine soja; Glycine soja oil; Glycine soja (soybean) lipids; Soya bean oil; Soya oil; Soybean oil; Soy oil Classification: Fixed oil Definition: Oil obtained from seeds of soya plant, Glycine soja, by extraction or expression; consists of triglycerides of oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and saturated acids Properties: Pale yel. to brnsh. yel. oil, sl. char. odor and taste; sol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, carbon disulfide; insol. in water; dens. 0.924-0.929; visc. 50.09 cps; vapor pressure very low; m.p. 22-31 C; iodine no. 120-141; sapon. no. 189-195; flash pt. 540 F; ref. index 1.471 Toxicology: May cause allergic reactions incl. hair damage and acne-like pimples; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2 from combustion; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Ingred. for high-protein foods, edible cooking oils; dietary supplement, coating agent, emulsifier, formulation aid, texturizer, lubricant in foods, cooking oil, margarine, salad oil, shortening, cattle feeds Features: Oleaginous Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800, GRAS; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ADM http://www.admworld.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com Alba Int'l.; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Aldrich Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Amcan Ingreds Int'l. http://www.amcaningredients.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com ChemService http://www.chemservice.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Croda Chem. Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Degen http://www.degenoil.com Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Efkay Chems. Ltd; Fuji Oil Europe http://www.fujioileurope.com/; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; John L Seaton Ltd http://www.seatons-uk.co.uk KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; L.V. Lomas http://www.lvlomas.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Reichhold http://www.reichhold.com; Riceland Foods http://www.riceland.com/ Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solae http://www.solae.com Spectrum Naturals http://www.spectrumnaturals.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Stevenson Cooper

1963

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/ U.S. Synthetics; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com; Vliengenthart BV http://www.vliegenthart.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welchholme-clark.com; Werner G. Smith http://www.wernergsmith.com Trade Names: Archer Soybean Oil 86-070-0; Lipovol SOY; Pureco® Soybean Trade Names Containing: AFC OS 460; Aloe Vera Oil Regular; Bake-Well 52; Bake-Well 80/20; Bake-Well All Vegetable High Stability Pan Oil Covitol® F-1000-2; Crust EZE; DPO™ 225; Lecisperse™ 3236; MG-60 Omegaphyl 3020; PanEze™; PanEze™ W; ProKote™ V; Soylec® 220T TroKote™ V; Vegetable All Purpose Shortening; Yellow Blend No. 3300 Powd. Soybean (Glycine soja) protein CAS 9010-10-0; 68153-28-6; 977076-84-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-720-8 Synonyms: Glycine soja; Glycine soya protein; Isolated soy protein; Proteins, glycine soya; Proteins, soy; Soy protein; Soy protein, isolate; Soy protein isolated Definition: Protein obtained from the soybean, Glycine soja Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Protein source, emulsifier, gellant, binder, emulsion stabilizer, extender for foods, meatballs, poultry, sausage, snack foods, whipped toppings, frozen spaghetti; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.110, 176.180, 182.90; GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 319, 381.147; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADM Soy Protein http://www.admworld.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Adept Sol'ns.; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avebe http://www.avebe.com Cargill Texturizing Solutions http://www.cargilltexturizing.com; Farbest Brands http://www.farbest.com/; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GivaudanQuest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/ Hesco http://www.hescoinc.com/hesco/default.asp; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com; PMS Foods http://www.pmsfoods.com; Solae http://www.solae.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VaessenSchoemaker http://www.vaessenschoemaker.com Trade Names: Arcon® F; Arcon® G; Arcon® Plus 411; Arcon® S; Arcon® SJ Arcon® SM; Arcon® T, Fortified Arcon T; Arcon® VF; Arcon® VF; Ardex® F Ardex® F Dispersible; Ardex F®; IPSOC403; IPSO-FC; IPSO-MR Dispersible Procon® 20/60; Procon® 20/60-SL; ProFam® 646; Pro-Fam® 780; Pro-Fam® 781 Pro-Fam® 782; Pro-Fam® 825; Pro-Fam® 873; Pro-Fam® 875; Pro-Fam® 880 Pro-Fam® 891; Pro-Fam® 892; Pro-Fam® 955; Pro-Fam® 974; Pro-Fam® 977 Pro Fam® H200; Promax® 70; Promax® 70L; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein; Supro® EX Isolated Soy Protein Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SF; Arcon® SH; Arcon® SK Fortified; Mix 41; Mix 63 Mix 70; Novomega™; Pro-Fam® 922; ProFam® 930; Pro-Fam® 931 Pro-Fam® 932; Pro-Fam® 976; Proplus® Brand Isolated Soy Protein Prod.; Supro Systems™ Vegetable Protein Product; Supro XT™ Brand Isolated Soy Protein Soybean oil. See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Soybean oil, epoxidized. See Epoxidized soybean oil Soybean oil fatty acids, hydroxylated. See Hydroxylated soybean fatty acids Soybean oil glyceride. See Soy glyceride Soybean oil glycerides Definition: Mono- and diglycerides based on soya oil Uses: Emulsifier for bread improvers; stabilizer for whipping masses and ice cream; fat base for prep. of dip coatings Trade Names: Imwitor® 460 1964

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Soybean oil hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated soybean oil Soy bran. See Soy fiber Soy fiber Synonyms: Okara; Soy bran; Soy isolate fiber Uses: Dietary fiber in foods Trade Names: Fibrim® Soy flour. See Soybean (Glycine soja) flour Soy glyceride Synonyms: Glyceryl mono soya oil; Glyceryl monosoyate; Soya oil monoglyceride; Soybean oil glyceride Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer for foods Trade Names Containing: Myvatex® Texture Lite® K; Solec™ 100L Soy isolate fiber. See Soy fiber Soy lecithin. See Lecithin Soy oil. See Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Soy protein; Soy protein, isolate; Soy protein isolated. See Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Soy sauce Synonyms: Fermented soy sauce Definition: Hydrolysis prod. of soybeans; a mixt. of amino acids, peptides, polypeptides, peptones, simple proteins, purines, carbohydrates, and lesser org. compds. suspended in an 18% sol'n. of sodium chloride Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Trade Names: Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317 Trade Names Containing: Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320; Teriyaki Sauce Powder 7028 Spanish bugloss extract. See Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria) extract Spanish hops. See Dittany of Crete Spanish marjoram oil. See Marjoram (Thymus mastichina) oil Spanish origanum oil. See Origanum oil Spanish sage oil. See Sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) oil Spanish thyme oil. See Thyme oil red Spearmint. See Spearmint (Mentha spicata) Spearmint extract. See Spearmint (Mentha viridis) extract; Spearmint (Mentha spicata) extract Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Spearmint (Mentha spicata) CAS 977002-61-1 FEMA 3030 Synonyms: Mentha spicata; Mentha viridis; Mint; Spearmint Definition: Dried leaves and flowering tops of Mentha spicata Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, condiments, meats Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; I. P. Callison http://www.ipcallison.com Spearmint (Mentha spicata) extract CAS 84696-51-5; EINECS/ELINCS 283-656-2 FEMA 3031 Synonyms: Mentha spicata; Mentha spicata extract; Spearmint extract Definition: Extract from Mentha spicata Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com Spearmint (Mentha viridis) extract CAS 84696-51-5; EINECS/ELINCS 283-656-2 Synonyms: Mentha spicata herb oil; Mentha viridis; Mentha viridis extract; Spearmint extract Definition: Extract of the spearmint, Mentha viridis from the leaves Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil CAS 8008-79-5 FEMA 3032 Synonyms: Crispmint oil; Curled mint oil; Mentha spicata; Mentha spicata oil; Mentha viridis; Mentha viridis oil; Spearmint oil; Spearmint oil, American Definition: Volatile oil obtained from the dried tops and leaves of Mentha viridis, contg. chiefly carvone Properties: Colorless or greenish-yel. liq., spearmint odor and taste; sol. in equal vol 80% alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.9170.934 (25/25 C); ref. index 1.4820-1.4900 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg; mildly toxic 1965

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference by ing.; skin irritant; allergen causing skin rash; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, confectionery, chewing gum Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.230, 182.20, GRAS; 27CFR §21.65, 12.128, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (spearmint); Europe listed, no restrictions; FDA approved for buccals, orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Foote & Jenks http://www.footeandjenks.com/; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hitech Agro Prods. Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; PureWorld Botanicals http://www.pureworld.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; U.S. Synthetics; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Spearmint oil; Spearmint oil, American. See Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil Speedwell extract. See Veronica officinalis extract Spermaceti; Spermaceti synthetic; Spermaceti wax; Spermaceti wax, refined. See Cetyl esters Sperm oil CAS 8002-24-2 Definition: Derived from whales Uses: Coatings on fresh citrus fruits Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 175.105, 175.300, 176.180, 176.210, 177.2600, 177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Atlas Refinery http://www.atlasrefinery.com; Geo. Pfau's Sons http://www.pfauoil.com Spike lavender. See Spike lavender oil Spike lavender oil CAS 8016-78-2; 84837-04-7; EINECS/ELINCS 284-290-6 FEMA 3033 Synonyms: Aspic oil; Lavandula latifolia; Lavandula latifolia oil; Lavandula oil; Lavandula spica; Lavandula spica oil; Lavender oil, spike; Lavender spike absolute; Lavender spike oil; Spike lavender; Spike oil Definition: Volatile oil from leaves and tops of Lavandula spica or L. latifolia, contg. about 35% eucalyptol, and camphor, linalool, borneol, terpineol, d-camphene, sesquiterpene Properties: Colorless or pale yel. liq., lavender and eucalyptol odor; sol. in 3 vols 70% alcohol; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; sl. sol. in glycerin, min. oil; pract. insol. in water; dens. 0.900-0.920 (15/15 C); flash pt. (CC) 58 C; ref. index 1.462-1.469 (20 C); tenacity 12 hrs. on 1966

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3800 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; may cause hypersensitivity reactions; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light, heat Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 1-10% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Spike oil. See Spike lavender oil Spiraea extract; Spiraea ulmaria; Spiraea ulmaria extract. See Meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria) extract Spirit of ethyl nitrite. See Ethyl nitrite Spirit of Hartshorn. See Ammonium hydroxide Spirit of nitrous ether. See Ethyl nitrite Spirits of salt. See Hydrochloric acid Spirits of turpentine. See Turpentine Spirits of wine. See Alcohol Spirit of turpentine. See Turpentine Spruce oil CAS 8008-80-8 FEMA 3034 Synonyms: Canadian hemlock oil; Hemlock oil; Picea gluaca; Picea mariana; Picea oil; Spruce oil canada; Tsuga canadensis; Tsuga oil Definition: Oil obtained from needles and twigs of Picea glauca, P. mariana, or Tsuga canadensis Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. oil; woody odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.9000.915; acid no. 2 max.; ref. index 1.46701.4672 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Spruce oil canada. See Spruce oil SSL. See Sodium stearoyl lactylate STAC. See Steartrimonium chloride Stannochlor. See Stannous chloride dihydrate Stannous chloride. See Stannous chloride anhydrous Stannous chloride anhydrous CAS 7772-99-8; EINECS/ELINCS 231-868-0 UN 1759 (solid); INS512; E512 Synonyms: CI 77864; Stannous chloride; Tin (II) chloride (1:2); Tin (II) chloride anhydrous; Tin crystals; Tin dichloride; Tin protochloride; Tin salt Classification: Inorganic salt Definition: Chloride salt of metallic tin Empirical: Cl2Sn Formula: SnCl2 Properties: Colorless orthorhombic cryst. mass or flakes, fatty appearance; sol. in water, ethanol, acetone, ether, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, glac. acetic acid, MEK, isobutyl alcohol, NaOH sol'n., oxygenated solvs.; pract. insol. in min. spirits, xylene; m.w. 189.60; dens. 3.95; m.p. 246.8 C; b.p. 652 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 mg(Sn)/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 700 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 66 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 17,800 µg/kg; poison by ing., IP, IV, subcut. routes; experimental reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Potentially explosive reaction with metal nitrates; violent reactions with hydrogen peroxide, ethylene oxide, nitrates, K, Na Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– Storage: Moisture-sensitive Uses: Preservative, reducing agent, antioxidant, color retention agent for foods, 1967

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference asparagus packed in glass; in polymeric coatings for food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §155.200, 172.180, 175.300, 177.2600, 184.1845, GRAS; FDA approved for intravenous, parenterals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advance Research Chems. http://www.fluoridearc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Atotech USA http://www.atotechusa.com; Brandeis http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Cerac http://www.cerac.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Filo http://www.filochemical.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mason Corp. http://www.tinchemical.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wmblythe.co.uk Stannous chloride dihydrate CAS 10025-69-1; EINECS/ELINCS 231-868-0 Synonyms: Stannochlor; Tin (II) chloride dihydrate; Tin (II) chloride dihydrate (1:2:2) Empirical: Cl2Sn • 2H2O Formula: SnCl2 • 2H2O Properties: Wh. cryst. solid; very sol. in dil. or conc. HCl; sol. in less than own wt. in water; sol. in alcohol, ethyl acetate, glac. acetic acid, sodium hydroxide sol'n.; m.w. 225.63; dens. 2.71; m.p. 37-38 C; b.p. 652 C; dec. on strong heating Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 mg(Sn)/m3; LD50 (IV, rat) 7830 µg/kg; poison by IV route; mutagenic data; reproductive effector Precaution: Corrosive Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1 Storage: Moisture-sensitive; keep tightly closed in cool place Uses: Antioxidant, preservative for foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1845, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Mason Corp. http://www.tinchemical.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk Star anise. See Star anise (Illicium verum) Star anise (Illicium verum) CAS 977052-16-6 FEMA 2095 Synonyms: Anise, star; Illicium verum; Star anise Definition: Derived from Illicium verum Uses: Natural flavoring agent in beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages, meats, confectionery Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed, no restrictions (oil); BP, EP compliance Star anise (Illicium verum) oil CAS 68952-43-2; 8007-70-3; EINECS/ELINCS 283-518-1 FEMA 2096 Synonyms: Anise seed oil star terpeneless; Illicium verum; Illicium verum fruit oil; Illicium verum oil; Star anise oil Definition: Oil derived from Illicium verum Properties: Colorless to pale yel. semisolid; sol. in alcohol and dipropyl glycol; insol. in water; sp gr. 0.978-0.988; flash pt. (TCC) 200 F; ref. index 1.54820-1.56220 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages, meats Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Europe listed, no restrictions; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Star anise oil. See Star anise (Illicium verum) oil Starch CAS 9005-25-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-686-4 Synonyms: Arrowroot starch; Corn starch; 1968

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Potato starch; Pregelatinized starch; Rice starch; Sago starch; Sorghum gum; αStarch; Starch, converted; Starch, corn; Starch dust; Tapioca starch; Wheat starch Classification: Carbohydrate polymer Definition: Complex polysaccharide composed of units of glucose consisting of about one quarter amylose and three quarters amylopectin; derived from corn, wheat, potatoes, or tapioca Empirical: (C6H10O5)n Properties: Wh. amorphous powd. or gran., odorless, sl. char. taste; insol. in cold water, alcohol; forms gels in hot water; m.w. 162.14n Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 of total dust (when toxic impurities not present); LD50 (IP, mouse) 6600 mg/kg; nuisance dust; mildly toxic by IP route; skin irritant; allergen; may cause contact dermatitis, peritonitis; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. exposed to flame; can react with oxidizers; mod. explosive exposed to flame Uses: Chelating agent, sequestrant, gellant for foods; filler in baking powder; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.105, 155.130, 169.150, 169.179, 175.105, 178.1010, 182.90, GRAS; FDA approved for buccals, parenterals, orals, rectals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADM Corn Processing http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornprocessi ng.asp; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alco http://www.alcochemical.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avebe http://www.avebe.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Brøste http://www.broste.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl; Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Colorcon http://www.colorcon.com; Corn Prods. http://www.cornproductsUS.com Eka Chems. AB; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Nalco http://www.nalco.com; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com; Paulaur http://www.paulaur.com; Penford Prods. http://www.penx.com/products/products_d efault.asp; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com; Roquette Am. http://www.roquette.fr; Sansho http://www.sansho.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; U.S. Synthetics; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Verion; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com Trade Names: Advanta-GEL™ P75; Amylogum CLS; C*BatterCrisp; C*CleanSet; C*ClearCrisp C*ClearSet; C*DrySet; C*HiForm; Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch; Eliane™ 100 Eliane™ BC 110; Eliane™ BC 140; Eliane™ BC 160; Eliane™ VC 120; Expandex™ Modified Starch Farinex™ T 440; FiberRite™ RW; Gelose® 50; GemGel 100; GemStar 100 GemStar 3000; Hi-maize 260; Kol Guard® 7467; Maxi-Gel® 617; Maxi-Gel® 700 Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritena 300; Midsol™ 35; Novation® 9560 Nu-Star® 115; Nu-Star® 120; Nu-Star® 140; OptaGrade®; OptaMist® Paselli™ EZ 2909; Paselli™ EZ Range; Paselli™ EZ Sperse Range; Paselli™ EasyGel; Paselli™ SA 2 Perfectamyl™ Gel MB; Perma-Flo® HV; Prejel™ 200; Pure Food Powder; Rezista® 682 Sta-O-Paque®; Stir-N-Set® FG; Tapioca #1; Waxy #1; X-Pand'R® 612 1969

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names Containing: 2X White Sour; Activa™ TG-SF; Beta-Tabs; Brewloid®; Cake STA Captex® CA; CrystaLean®; Eleggance™; GemStar 2000; GemStar 3000 KC Yeast Food - No Bromate; KC Yeast Food - No Oxidants; Merecol® S; Merecol® Y; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S2 No Fat Powd. α-Starch. See Starch Starch acetate CAS 9045-28-7 INS1420; E1420 Synonyms: Acetylated starch; Modified Yucca (cassava) starch acetate Classification: Food starch modified Definition: Starch esterified with acetic anhydride or vinyl acetate Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. powd. or gran.; flakes, amorphous powd., or coarse particles if pregelatinized; faint, dairy-like odor; insol. in cold water (if not pregelatinized); forms visc. colloidal sol'ns. in hot water; insol. in ethanol Toxicology: Inh. may irritate the nose, throat, and resp. tract; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: COx, irritating gases and smoke Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§175.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Starch, acetate, ether with 1,2,3-propanetriol (2:1). See Acetylated distarch glycerol Starch, acetate hydrogen phosphate. See Acetylated distarch phosphate Starch acetate, oxidized; Starch, acetylated, oxidized. See Acetylated oxidized starch Starch aluminum octenyl succinate. See Aluminum starch octenyl succinate Starch, α-amylose modified CAS 977162-55-2 Uses: Food additive; prep. of modified food starch Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.892 Starch, bleached CAS 977075-42-5 INS1403 Synonyms: Bleached starch Classification: Food starch modified Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Definition: Starch which has been treated with low levels of oxidant to improve whiteness without affecting other key props. such as visc. Properties: Wh. or off-wh. powd.; odorless Uses: Food additive; prep. of modified food starch; stabilizer, thickener, binder, emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.892 Starch carboxymethyl ether sodium salt. See Sodium starch glycolate Starch, corn. See Starch; Corn (Zea mays) starch Starch dust. See Starch Starch, food, modified. See Food starch, modified Starch gum. See Dextrin Starch, hydrogen octenylbutanedioate, aluminum salt. See Aluminum starch octenyl succinate Starch, 2-hydroxypropyl ether. See Hydroxypropyl starch Starch, octenylbutanedioate, aluminum salt. See Aluminum starch octenyl succinate Starch, oxidized CAS 65996-62-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 INS1404; E1404 Synonyms: Oxidized starch Classification: Food starch modified Definition: Starch treated with sodium hypochlorite or other oxidizing agent, characterized by whiter color, increased paste clarity, and a low, stable visc. on storage of the paste Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. powd. or gran.; flakes, amorphous powd. or coarse particles if pregelatinized; insol. in cold water Uses: Food additive; prep. of food starch modified; emulsifier, thickener, binder, stabilizer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.892, 175.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com Trade Names: Cargill Set 06530 Starch phosphate INS1410; E1410 Synonyms: Monostarch phosphate Classification: Food starch modified Definition: Starch esterified with orthophosphoric acid, or sodium or potassium orthophosphate 1970

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference or sodium tripolyphosphate Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. powd. or gran.; flakes, amorphous powd., or coarse particles if pregelatinized Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder, emulsifier in foods Features: No food restrictions Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Starch, polymer with (chloromethyl) oxirane and methyloxirane. See Hydroxypropyl distarch glycerol Starch, pregelatinized CAS 977050-93-3 Classification: Carbohydrate polymer Definition: Starch that has been chemically or mechanically processed to rupture all or part of the gran. in the presence of water, and then dried Properties: Wh. to off-wh. fine to coarse powd., odorless, sl. char. taste; sl. sol. to sol. in cold water; insol. in alcohol; pH 4.5-7 Uses: Thickener, stabilizer, binder, emulsifier in foods; pie/pudding filling ingred.; migrating to foods from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 182.90; NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Avebe http://www.avebe.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Chemstar Prods. http://www.chemstar.com Colorcon http://www.colorcon.com; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Grain Processing http://www.grainprocessing.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Nat'l. Starch & Chem. http://www.nationalstarch.com; Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr; Seppic http://www.seppic.com Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Verion Trade Names: C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*TexInstant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606 Starch sodium octenyl succinate INS1450; E1450 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Modified starch; SOSS Classification: Modified starch Definition: Starch esterified with octenylsuccinic anhydride Properties: Wh. or nearly wh. powd. or gran.; flakes, amorphous powd., or coarse particles if pregelatinized Toxicology: No known adverse effects Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, binder, emulsifier in foods, butter, sterilized, UHT, whipping or whipped, and reduced fat creams, weaning foods for infants and growing children Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Trade Names: EmCap 06376; EZ Fill 06370 Trade Names Containing: Beta-Carotene Dry Powd. 10% DC/GFP Starch syrup. See Glucose, liquid Starch, zea mays. See Corn (Zea mays) starch St. Bartholomew's tea. See Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) extract Steam. See Water Steam activated carbon. See Vegetable carbon Stearalkonium chloride CAS 122-19-0; EINECS/ELINCS 204-527-9 UN 1993 (DOT) Synonyms: Ammonium, benzyldimethyloctadecyl-, chloride; Benzyldimethylstearyl ammonium chloride; Benzylstearyl dimethylammonium chloride; Dimethylbenzyloctadecylammonium chloride; N,N-Dimethyl-Noctadecylbenzenemethanaminium chloride; Dimethyloctadecylbenzyl ammonium chloride; Dimethyl stearyl benzyl ammonium chloride; Octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; Stearyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; Stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride Classification: Quaternary ammonium salt Empirical: C27H50N • Cl Formula: C18H37(CH3)2(C6H5CH2)NCl Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in water, chloroform, benzene, acetone, xylene; m.w. 424.23; m.p. 35-40 C; Cationic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1250 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 280 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; human skin and severe eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Flamm. liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to 1971

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, NH3, and Cl– Uses: Antimicrobial, preservative in foods; antimicrobial in cane-sugar mills Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.165 (limitation 1.5-6 ppm), 173.320 (limitation 0.05 ppm raw sugarcane or raw beets), 175.105; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Fanning http://www.fanncorp.com/; Lonza http://www.lonza.com Mason http://www.maquat.com/; McIntyre http://www.mcintyregroup.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Nissan Cation S2-100 Stearamide CAS 124-26-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-693-2 Synonyms: Amide C18; Octadecanamide; Stearic acid amide Classification: Aliphatic amide Empirical: C18H37NO Formula: CH3(CH2)16CONH2 Properties: Colorless leaflets; sl. sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 283.56; m.p. 98-102 C; b.p. 250-251 C (12 mm) Toxicology: TDLo (implant, mouse) 1000 mg/kg; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Release agent migrating from food pkg.; pkg. material for irradiated foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 177.1210, 178.3860, 178.3910, 179.45, 181.22, 181.28; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Brenntag Specialties; Chemax http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions.c om; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Ferro http://www.ferro.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lutianhua; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Trade Names: Chemstat® HTSA #18S; Kemamide® S Steareth-20 CAS 9005-00-9 (generic) Synonyms: PEG-20 stearyl ether; PEG 1000 stearyl ether; POE (20) stearyl alcohol; POE (20) stearyl ether; Stearyl alcohol EO (20) Definition: PEG ether of stearyl alcohol Empirical: C58H118O21 Formula: CH3(CH2)16CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH, avg. n = 20 Properties: HLB 15.3; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2900 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier for wax for fruit coatings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Agnique FOH SA-20 Stearethate 40. See PEG-40 stearate Stearic acid CAS 57-11-4; 67701-03-5; 68424-37-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-313-4; 266-928-5; 270298-7 FEMA 3035; INS570; E570 Synonyms: Carboxylic acid C18; 1Heptadecanecarboxylic acid; Octadecanoic acid; n-Octadecanoic acid; Pearl stearic; Saturated C14-C22 fatty acid; Stearophanic acid Classification: Fatty acid Empirical: C18H36O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOH9 Properties: Wh. to ylsh.-wh. amorphous waxy solid, tallow-like odor and taste; very sl. sol. in water; sol. in alcohol, ether, acetone, CCl4; m.w. 284.47; dens. 0.847 (70 C); m.p. 69.3 C; b.p. 383 C; acid no. 195-200; iodine no. 4 max.; flash pt. (CC) 385 F; ref. index 1.4299 (80 C) Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rat) 21.5 ± 1.8 mg/kg; poison by IV route; human skin irritant; 1972

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference possible sensitizer for allergic persons; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen by implant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; heats spontaneously Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Direct food additive; flavoring agent, adjuvant, foam stabilizer, glazing agent, lubricant, defoamer, anticaking agent in foods; plasticizer in chewing gum; clarifier for wine; component in mfg. of other foodgrade additives Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.210, 172.615, 172.860, 173.340, 175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3910, 184.1090, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed; Canada DSL; FDA approved for buccals, implants, orals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com Acme-Hardesty http://www.acmehardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Akrochem http://www.akrochem.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Anar http://anarsoapandchemical.com/; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; CoKEM Assoc.; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Ferro http://www.ferro.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Genzyme http://www.genzyme.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ HallStar http://www.cphall.com; Inchema http://www.inchema-usa.com; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; James M. Brown Ltd http://www.jamesmbrown.co.uk Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kawaken Fine Chems. http://www.kawakenfc.co.jp/; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penn Bio-Organics http://www.pennbio.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sea-Land 1973

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sealandchem.com; Shandong Haihua Tianhe http://www.tianhechemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Stevenson Cooper http://www.stevensoncooper.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Emersol® 6320; Emersol® 6332; Emersol® 6349; Glycon® S-70 KFG; Glycon® S-90 KFG Glycon® TP KFG; Hystrene® 5016 NF FG; Hystrene® 7018 FG; Hystrene® 9718 NF FG; Industrene® 5016 NF Industrene® 7018 FG; NAA-172; NAA-173K; NAA-174; NAA-175 NAA-175S; NAA-176; NAA-180; T-1; T-1855 Trade Names Containing: Descote® Niacinamide 331/3%; Emersol® 7036; HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder; MGS-TGL; MGS-TGV V-1655 Stearic acid, aluminum dihydroxide salt. See Aluminum stearate Stearic acid, aluminum salt. See Aluminum tristearate; Aluminum stearate Stearic acid amide. See Stearamide Stearic acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium stearate Stearic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium stearate Stearic acid, diester with diglycerol. See Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Polyglyceryl-2 distearate Stearic acid ester with lactate of lactic acid calcium salt. See Calcium stearoyl lactylate Stearic acid, ester with lactic acid bimol. ester, sodium salt. See Sodium stearoyl lactylate Stearic acid, ethylenediamine diamide. See Ethylene distearamide Stearic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl stearate Stearic acid, 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl ester. See PEG-2 stearate Stearic acid, magnesium salt. See Magnesium stearate Stearic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl stearate Stearic acid, monoester with ethylene glycol. See Glycol stearate Stearic acid, monoester with glycerol. See Glyceryl stearate Stearic acid, monoester with oxybis (propanediol). See Polyglyceryl-2 stearate Stearic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol. See Propylene glycol stearate Stearic acid, monoester with triglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-3 stearate Stearic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium stearate Stearic acid, sodium salt. See Sodium stearate Stearic acid, zinc salt. See Zinc stearate Stearic monoglyceride. See Glyceryl stearate Stearin. See Tristearin Stearol. See Stearyl alcohol Stearophanic acid. See Stearic acid Stearoyl lactylic acid CAS 14440-80-3; EINECS/ELINCS 238-418-2 Synonyms: 2-(1-Carboxyethoxy)-1-methyl-2oxoethyl stearate; Stearyl-2-lactylic acid Definition: Ester of stearic acid and lactyl lactate Empirical: C24H44O5 Formula: CH3(CH2)16COOCHCH3COOCHCH3COOH Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier for food shortenings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.170; USDA 9CFR §318.7; Canada DSL Trade Names Containing: Vanlite (Stearoyloxy)-L-ascorbic acid. See Ascorbyl stearate Stearoyl propylene glycol hydrogen succinate. See Succistearin Steartrimonium chloride CAS 112-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-929-1 1974

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Ammonium, trimethyloctadecyl-, chloride; Monostearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; Octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; Quaternium-10; STAC; Stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; N,N,NTrimethyl-1-octadecanaminium chloride; Trimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride; Trimethyl stearyl ammonium chloride Classification: Quaternary ammonium salt Empirical: C21H46N • Cl Formula: [CH3(CH2)16CH2N(CH3)3]+Cl– Properties: M.w. 348.13; cationic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 536 mg/kg, (skin, mouse) 1600 mg/kg; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, NH3, Cl– Uses: Germicide in foods, fermentation Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names: Nissan Cation AB Stearyl alcohol CAS 112-92-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-017-6 Synonyms: C18 linear alcohol; Decyl octyl alcohol; Octadecanol; 1-Octadecanol; nOctadecanol; Octadecyl alcohol; nOctadecyl alcohol; Stearol Classification: Fatty alcohol Empirical: C18H38O Formula: CH3(CH2)16CH2OH Properties: Wh. unctuous flakes or gran., faint odor, bland taste; sol. in alcohol, acetone, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 270.56; dens. 0.8124 (59/4 C); m.p. 55-60 C; b.p. 210.5 C (15 mm); acid no. 2 max.; iodine no. 2 max.; hyd. no. 195-220 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 20 g/kg; TDLo (implant, mouse) 1000 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; irritating to skin and eyes; may cause skin sensitivity; nonallergenic; questionable carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Food additive; intermediate in mfg. of food additives Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.755, 172.864, 175.105, 175.300, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.1390, 177.2800, 178.3480, 178.3910; FDA approved for orals, topicals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; AMC Chems.; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Amerchol http://www.dow.com/ucc/amerchol/index.ht m; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chempri http://www.chempri.com; Chemron http://www.chemron.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk CoKEM Assoc.; Cognis/Chems. Group http://www.cognis-us.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Efkay Chems. Ltd Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Kimpton Bros. Ltd http://www.kimpton.co.uk; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; M. Michel http://www.mmichel.com Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Procter & Gamble http://www.pgchemicals.com/ Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; HallStar 1975

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Stearyl alcohol EO (20). See Steareth-20 Stearyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. See Stearalkonium chloride Stearyl citrate CAS 1337-33-3; EINECS/ELINCS 215-654-4 INS484 Synonyms: Citric acid, octadecyl ester; 2Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, monooctadecyl ester; Monostearyl citrate; MSC; Octadecyl citrate; 1,2,3Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, octadecyl ester Definition: Ester of stearyl alcohol and citric acid Empirical: C24H44O7 Formula: HOCH2COOHCCOOHCH2COOCH2(CH2)16CH3 Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Moisture-sensitive Uses: Emulsifier, sequestrant, flavor preservative in foods, margarine, feed; plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §166.40, 166.110, 175.300, 178.3910, 181.22, 181.27, 184.1851, 582.6851, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names: Morflex® MSC Stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Stearalkonium chloride Stearyl glyceridyl citrate. See Glyceryl stearate citrate Stearyl-2-lactylic acid. See Stearoyl lactylic acid Stearyl monoglyceridyl citrate. See Glyceryl stearate citrate Stearyl palmityl tartrate. See Stearyl tartrate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Stearyl tartrate INS483; E483 Synonyms: Distearyl palmityl tartrate; Stearyl palmityl tartrate Definition: Prod. of the esterification of tartaric acid with commercial stearyl alcohol, which consists essentially of stearyl and palmityl alcohols; mainly diester with minor amts. of monoester Empirical: C40H78O6 Properties: Cream-colored unctuous substance; m.w. 626-654 Uses: Flour treatment agent, dough strengthener, and emulsifier in foods Manuf./Distrib.: Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com Stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. See Steartrimonium chloride Sterculia gum; Sterculia urens; Sterculia urens gum. See Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum Stevia. See Stevioside Stevioside CAS 57817-89-7; EINECS/ELINCS 260-975-5 INS960 Synonyms: 13-[(2-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-α-Dglucopyranosyl) oxy] kaur-16-en-18-oic acid, β-D-glucopyranosyl ester; Kaur-16-en18-oic acid, 13-((2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-αD-glucopyranosyl) oxy)-, β-Dglucopyranosyl ester; Stevia; Steviosin Classification: Carbohydrate Definition: Plant extract from leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Empirical: C38H60O18 Properties: Cryst.; bitter aftertaste; sol. in dioxane; sl. sol. in alcohol; sol. 1 g/800 ml water; m.w. 804.90; m.p. 198 C; relatively stable in sol'n. and on heating Toxicology: Mutagen Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Nonnutritive sweetener in soft drinks, candy, chewing gum Features: 100-300 times the sweetness of sucrose Regulatory: Not approved in North America or Europe as a food additive; widely used in Japan Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Sigma 1976

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Steviosin. See Stevioside Stick lac. See Shellac Stigmata maydis extract. See Corn (Zea mays) silk extract Stink damp. See Hydrogen sulfide Stinking gum. See Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum St. John's bread. See Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum St. John's bread extract. See Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract St. John's wort extract. See Hypericum perforatum extract STO. See Sorbitan trioleate Stoddard solvent CAS 8052-41-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-489-3 UN 1256 (DOT) Synonyms: High flash naphtha; Mineral spirits Type I; Naphtha safety solvent; Naphtha, solvent; Safety solvent naphtha; Solvent naphtha; White spirits Classification: Mixed petroleum hydrocarbons Definition: Mixed isomer contg. 85% nonane and 15% trimethylbenzene Properties: Colorless clear liq.; petrol. kerosenelike odor; misc. with abs. alcohol, benzene, ether, chloroform, CCl4, CS2, most org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. ≈ 150; sp.gr. 0.78; vapor pressure 2 mm Hg (20 C); f.p. -70 C; b.p. 157196 C; flash pt. (CC) 40 C; ref. index 1.43 (20 C); KB value 32-37 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 100 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 3 g/kg; LCLo (inh., cat, 2.5 h) 10 g/m3; mildly toxic by inh. (irritation, CNS effects, headache, dizziness, confusion, fatigue); human eye irritant; probably a mild to mod. skin irritation; target organs: skin, eyes, respiratory system, CNS, kidney; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC Precaution: Combustible; flamm. exposed to heat or flame; explosive in vapor form when exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., may explode; heated to decomp., emits acrid fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

away from incompat. materials Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Mineral Spirits 066/3 Storax. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) Storax essence. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) oil Storax gum. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) CAS 8023-62-9; 8046-19-3; EINECS/ELINCS 232-458-4 FEMA 3036; 3037 Synonyms: Gum storax; Liquidambar orientalis; Liquid storax; Storax; Storax gum; Styrax; Sweet gum; Sweet oriental gum Definition: Balsam obtained from trunk of Liquidambar orientalis Properties: Grayish-brn. semiliq. to semisolid, char. odor and taste; sol. in 1 part warm alcohol; sol. in ether, acetone, CS2; insol. in water; flash pt. > 110 C Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp; mod. toxic when ingested; may cause irritation to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; can cause urinary problems when absorbed thru skin; can cause skin irritation, welts, and discomfort when applied topically; common allergen; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store @ R.T. in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium 1977

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) oil CAS 8024-01-9; EINECS/ELINCS 289-970-6 Synonyms: Liquidambar orientalis; Liquidambar orientalis oil; Storax essence; Storax oil; Styrax essence; Styrax oil Definition: Essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the crude styrax, Liquidamber orientalis Properties: Pale yel. to amber brn. visc. liq.; sweet balsam styrene woody odor; tenacity 2 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: Sensitizer; TSCA listed Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Storax oil. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) oil STP; STPP. See Pentasodium triphosphate Stractan. See Arabinogalactan Strained honey. See Honey 'Strawberry aldehyde'. See Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Strawberry furanone. See 4-Hydroxy-2,5dimethyl-3(2H) furanone Strawberry furanone acetate. See Furaneol acetate Strong ammonia solution. See Ammonium hydroxide STS. See Sorbitan tristearate Styracin. See Cinnamyl cinnamate Styrallyl acetate. See α-Methylbenzyl acetate Styrallyl alcohol. See α-Methylbenzyl alcohol Styrallyl propionate. See α-Methylbenzyl propionate Styralyl acetate. See α-Methylbenzyl acetate Styralyl alcohol. See α-Methylbenzyl alcohol Styralyl butyrate. See α-Methylbenzyl butyrate Styralyl formate. See α-Methylbenzyl formate Styralyl isobutyrate. See Methylbenzyl isobutyrate Styralyl propionate. See α-Methylbenzyl propionate Styrax. See Gum benzoin; Storax (Liquidambar Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

orientalis) Styrax benzoin. See Gum benzoin Styrax benzoin extract. See Benzoin (Styrax benzoin) extract Styrax benzoin gum. See Gum benzoin Styrax benzon. See Benzoin (Styrax benzoin) extract Styrax essence. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) oil Styrax extract. See Benzoin (Styrax benzoin) extract Styrax oil. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) oil Styrene CAS 100-42-5; EINECS/ELINCS 202-851-5 UN 2055 (DOT); FEMA 3233 Synonyms: Cinnamene; Cinnamenol; Cinnamol; Ethenylbenzene; Phenethylene; Phenylethene; Phenylethylene; Styrene monomer; Styrene monomer, inhibited; Styrol; Styrole; Styrolene; Styron; Styropor; Vinylbenzene; Vinylbenzol Classification: Aromatic hydrocarbon; alkenylbenzene Empirical: C8H8 Formula: C6H5CH:CH2 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. oily liq., penetrating odor; sol. in alcohol, ether, methanol, acetone, CS2; sparingly sol. in water; m.w. 104.15; dens. 0.906 (20/4 C); m.p. -30.6 C; b.p. 145146 C; flash pt. (CC) 31 C; ref. index 1.546 (20 C) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm; STEL 100 ppm (skin); LD50 (oral, rat) 5000 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 90 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 660 mg/kg; poison by ing., inh., IV routes; mod. toxic by IP; mildly toxic by inh. to humans; human systemic effects by inh. (eye/olfactory changes); skin, eye, mucous membrane irritant; human skin irritant; narcotic in high concs.; carcinogen; experimental teratogen, reproductive effector; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire hazard exposed to flame, heat, oxidizers; vapor explosive; slowly undergoes polymerization and oxidation on exposure to light and air, yielding peroxides; violent/explosive polymerizations possible; reacts with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to 1978

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 2 Storage: Storage hazard above 32 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; in ion-exchange membranes for prod. of grapefruit juice; in ion-exchange resins for purification of foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 173.20, 173.25, 175.300, 175.320, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1010, 177.1020, 177.1030, 177.1040, 177.1050, 177.1210, 177.1630, 177.1640, 177.1810, 177.1820, 177.1830, 177.2260, 177.2420,; Canada DSL; 177.2600, 177.2710, 177.2800, 178.3790; FEMA GRAS; HAP Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com Brøste http://www.broste.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Dow Plastics http://www.dow.com/plastics Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Gulf Chem. Int'l.; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Lyondell http://www.lyondell.com; MagnaKron http://www.magnakron.com; Mays http://www.mayschem.com/; Mitsui & Co. USA http://www.mitsui.com; Nova Ltd http://www.novachem.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Sterling Chems. http://www.sterlingchemicals.com; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com Styrene/butadiene; Styrene/butadiene copolymer; Styrene/1,3-butadiene copolymer. See Styrene/butadiene polymer Styrene/butadiene polymer CAS 9003-55-8 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Benzene, ethenyl-, polymer with 1,3-butadiene; B/S; Butadiene/styrene copolymer; 1,3-Butadiene/styrene copolymer; Butadiene/styrene polymer; 1,3Butadiene/styrene polymer; Butadiene/styrene resin; 1,3Butadiene/styrene resin; Butadiene/styrene rubber; Ethenylbenzene polymer with 1,3butadiene; Polybutadiene/polystyrene copolymer; Poly (styrene-co-butadiene); S/B; SBR; Styrene/butadiene; Styrene/butadiene copolymer; Styrene/1,3butadiene copolymer; Styrene polymer with 1,3 butadiene Classification: Polymer; synthetic rubber Formula: (C8H8•C4H6)x Properties: Amorphous solid; odorless; insol. in water and most org. solvs.; dens. 0.965 Toxicology: Eye irritant; may cause irritation; questionable carcinogen; tumorigen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum; food containers; mfg. of food pkg. paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1010, 177.1200, 177.1810, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.1005, 178.3790, 181.30; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Anderson Development http://www.andersondevelopment.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com ChevronPhillips http://www.cpchem.com; Dow Plastics http://www.dow.com/plastics; E.L. Puskas; Firestone Polymers http://www.firesyn.com; Hampshire Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Polyad http://www.polyadusa.com; Reichhold http://www.reichhold.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com Styrene, p,α-dimethyl-. See p-αDimethylstyrene

1979

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Styrene/DVB copolymer, sulfonated Synonyms: Sulfonated styrene/divinylbenzene copolymer; Sulfonated styrene/DVB copolymer Definition: Sulfonated copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene Uses: Ion exchange resin for food treatment Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.25 Styrene/DVB resin, chloromethylated aminated. See Chloromethylated aminated styrenedivinylbenzene resin Styrene monomer; Styrene monomer, inhibited. See Styrene Styrene polymer. See Polystyrene Styrene polymer with 1,3 butadiene. See Styrene/butadiene polymer Styrene, polymerized. See Polystyrene Styrol; Styrole; Styrolene. See Styrene Styrolene acetate; Styrolyl acetate. See αMethylbenzyl acetate Styrolyl propionate. See α-Methylbenzyl propionate Styron. See Styrene Styrone. See Cinnamyl alcohol Styropor. See Styrene Styryl alcohol; Styryl carbinol. See Cinnamyl alcohol 2-Styryl-1,3-dioxolane; 2-Styryl-m-dioxolane. See Cinnamaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal Styryl methyl ketone. See Benzylidene acetone Subtilisin; Subtilisin Carlsberg; Subtilisins. See Protease Sucaryl; Sucaryl acid. See Cyclamic acid Sucaryl calcium. See Calcium cyclamate Sucaryl sodium. See Sodium cyclamate Succinic acid CAS 110-15-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-740-4 FEMA 3044; INS363; E363 Synonyms: Amber; Amber acid; Butanedioic acid; 1,4-Butanedioic acid; 1,2Ethanedicarboxylic acid; Ethylenesuccinic acid; Wormwood; Wormwood acid Classification: Dicarboxylic acid Empirical: C4H6O4 Formula: HOOCCH2CH2COOH Properties: Colorless monoclinic prisms or wh. cryst., odorless, sour acid taste; very sol. in alcohol, ether, acetone, glycerin; sol. 77 g/l in water; m.w. 118.09; dens. 1.552; m.p. 185 C; b.p. 235 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2260 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 2702 mg/kg; mod. toxic by subcut. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

route; primary irritant; severe eye irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Flavor enhancer, pH control agent, sequestrant, buffer, neutralizer in foods, beverages, condiments, meat prods., relishes, hot sausages, miso, soy sauce Features: Miscellaneous and general purpose food chemical Regulatory: NF compliance; FDA 21CFR §131.111, 172.230, 172.275, 172.861, 184.1091, 184.1094, 582.1091, GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for parenterals, orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Biorganics; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Boith China http://www.boith.com Changzhou Changmao Biochem. Eng. http://www.ccbec.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; DSM Chem. N. Am.; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Eastern Chem. http://www.easternchemicalcorp.com/index 3.php Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Haltermann GmbH http://www.haltermann.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; NOF http://www.nof.co.jp/; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Pechiney Chems. Div. 1980

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Riken Vitamin http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Ueno Fine Chems. Ind. http://www.uenofc.co.jp/e_chem01.html; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vanco Trading http://vancotrading.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Succinic acid anhydride. See Succinic anhydride Succinic acid diethyl ester. See Diethyl succinate Succinic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-. See L-Tartaric acid Succinic acid, dimethyl ester. See Dimethyl succinate Succinic acid disodium salt. See Sodium succinate Succinic acid, hydroxy-. See NHydroxysuccinic acid Succinic acid sodium salt. See Sodium succinate Succinic anhydride CAS 108-30-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-570-0 Synonyms: Butanedioic anhydride; Dihydro2,5-furandione; 2,5-Diketotetrahydrofuran; SAA; Succinic acid anhydride; Succinyl oxide; Tetrahydro-2,5-dioxofuran Empirical: C4H4O3 Formula: OCCH2CH2COO Properties: Colorless needles; sol. in chloroform, CCl4, alcohol, chlorinated solvs.; very sl. sol. in ether, water; m.w. 100.08; dens. 1.503; vapor pressure 1 mm (92 C); m.p. 119-120 C; b.p. 261 C; sublimes @ 115 C and 5 mm pressure Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1510 mg/kg; TDLo (subcut., rat, 65 wks intermittent) 2600 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; severe eye irritant; irritating to respiratory system; possible carcinogen; experimental neoplastigen and teratogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Hygroscopic moisture-sensitive Uses: Starch modifier, buffer, neutralizer in foods; dehydrating agent for removal of Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

moisture from foods; stabilizer for dry mixes; aids controlled release of carbon dioxide during leavening; release/antisticking agent, material handling agent, firming agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 177.1210; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Am. Biorganics; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Broadview http://www.broadviewtech.com; Cambrex http://www.cambrex.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; DSM Chem. N. Am.; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; Lubrizol http://www.lubrizol.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Miljac http://www.miljac.com; MonomerPolymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Succinic anhydride, (1-octenyl)-. See 1Octenylsuccinic anhydride Succinylated gelatin CAS 68915-24-2 Synonyms: Gelatin, succinylated Uses: Microcapsule for encapsulating flavoring substances Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.230 (15% max.) Succinylated monoglycerides CAS 977009-45-2 INS472g Definition: Mixt. of semi- and neutral succinic 1981

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acid esters of mono- and diglycerides produced from edible fats and oils or edible fatty acids Properties: M.p. 50-60 C; HLB 5-7; acid no. 70120; HLB 5.0-7.0 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, sequestrant in foods; emulsifier in food shortenings; dough conditioner in bread Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.830 Manuf./Distrib.: Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com Trade Names Containing: Myverol® SMG V Succinylated palm oil glyceride Synonyms: Succinylated palm oil monoglyceride Uses: Dough strengthener for yeast-based bakery goods Succinylated palm oil monoglyceride. See Succinylated palm oil glyceride Succinyl oxide. See Succinic anhydride Succistearin CAS 27216-62-2 INS446 Synonyms: Stearoyl propylene glycol hydrogen succinate Classification: Stearic Properties: Acid no. 50-150; hyd. no. 15-50 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier in or with shortenings and edible oils, for cakes, cake mixes, fillings, icings, pastries, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.765 Sucralose CAS 56038-13-2; EINECS/ELINCS 259-952-2 INS955 Synonyms: 1,6-Dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-β-Dfructofuranosyl-4-chloro-4-deoxy-α-Dgalactopyranoside; 4,1´,6´Trichlorogalactosucrose Definition: Selectively chlorinated deriv. of sucrose Empirical: C12H19Cl3O8 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., odorless, sweet taste; sol. in water, methanol, alcohol; sl. sol. in ethyl acetate; m.w. 397.66 Toxicology: LD50 (unreported, mouse) > 16 g/kg Uses: Nonnutritive sweetener, flavor enhancer for beverages, processed foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Features: 600 times sweeter than sucrose Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.831; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Splenda® Sucrase. See Invertase Sucroglycerides INS474; E474 Synonyms: Sugar glycerides Definition: Obtained by reaction of sucrose with an edible fat or oil with or without the presence of a solvent; mixt. of mono- and di-esters of sucrose and fatty acids, with mono-, di-, and tri-glycerides from the fat or oil Properties: Wh. to off-wh. powd., soft solid mass, or stiff gel; odorless; sol. in ethanol; insol. in cold water Uses: Emulsifier, aerating agent, starch complexing agent in foods, beverages, baked goods, beverage whiteners, chewing gum, confectionery, sauces, soups, meat prods., dietary food supplements, dietetic foods; dispersant, stabilizer for fats Regulatory: ADI 0-30 mg/kg body wt. Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chems. Ltd http://www.alfa-chemicals.co.uk/ Sucrol. See Dulcin Sucrosa. See Sodium cyclamate Sucrose CAS 57-50-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-334-9 Synonyms: Beet sugar; Cane sugar; Confectioner's sugar; β-D-Fructofuranosylα-D-glucopyranoside; α-D-Glucopyranosyl β-D-fructofuranoside; (α-d-Glucosido)-β-dfructofuranoside; Granulated sugar; Rock candy; Saccharose; Saccharum; D-Sucrose; Sugar; Table sugar Classification: Aliphatic polyhydric alcohol; disaccharide Definition: Sugar obtained from Saccharum officinarum, Beta vulgaris and other sources; molecule of glucose linked to one of fructose; avail. commercially as naturally occurring (+)enantiomer Empirical: C12H22O11 Properties: Wh. crystals or powd.; odorless; sweet taste; very sol. in water; sol. in alcohol, glycerol, pyridine; insol. in ether, chloroform; m.w. 342.30; dens. 1.587 (25/4 C); m.p. 160186 C (dec.); ref. index 1.34783 (10%, 20 C) 1982

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3; PELTWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust), 5 mg/m3 (respirable fraction); LD50 (oral, rat) 29,700 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 14,000 mg/kg; pract. nontoxic by ing.; inh. of high concs. of dust may cause coughing, mild temporary irritation; experimental teratogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: May form explosive dust-air mixts.; incompat. with oxidizers (increases fire/explosion risk); vigorous reaction with nitric acid or sulfuric acid; avoid static charge, sparks, temps. above 160 C Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed, labeled containers away from incompat. materials, @ R.T.; avoid generating dusts Uses: Sweetener, flavoring agent, preservative, antioxidant (in form of invert sugar) in foods; prod. of caramel; prod. of esters for use as emulsifier, stabilizer, texturizer, protective coatings in foods; hog scald agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85, 101.4, 101.9, 101.80, 131.112, 131.170, 131.200, 131.203, 131.206, 133.124, 133.178, 133.179, 145.3, 145.134, 145.180, 146.3, 146.140, 146.141, 146.145, 146.146, 150.160, 155.170, 155.200, 169.175, 169.179, 172.810, 172.816, 172.859, 172.861, 173.145, 184.1854, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; cleared by MID to flavor sausage, ham, misc. meat prods.; FDA approved for buccals, orals, rectals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Biorganics Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; British Sugar plc http://www.britishsugar.co.uk; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk Freund Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.freund.co.jp; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Paulaur http://www.paulaur.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com Reliable Biopharmaceutical http://www.reliablebiopharm.com; Roche Diagnostics http://www.roche-appliedscience.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sasol N. Am. http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com; Seppic http://www.seppic.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tate & Lyle N. Am. http://www.tlna.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: 21110 Ovalett NNC; 21115 Ovalett; 21118 Ovalett Special; Beta Carotene 1% CWS; Beta-Carotene Dry Powd. 10% DC/GFP Bonus Blend; Cake Flavor Enhancer; Cameo® Showcase; Cameo Velvet®; Cameo Velvet WT Canthaxanthin 10% CWS/N; Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268 Gelcarin® GP 4265; Hentex-70; Hentex-85; Lactarin® CM 2254; Lacticol® CFT Lacticol® F336; Lactogel® FX 7351; Lemalta Flavor®; Lutein DC; LycoVit® 10% DC 1983

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference MANUCOL® SMF; Paniset®; Panistay®; Permitex; Sucrosweet 210 Sucrosweet 311; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Roast Honey Nut Coating; Sweet'n'Neat® Oil Roast Honey Nut Coating; Textureze™ NB 100; Viscarin® BK 1761 Viscarin® JC 1270 D-Sucrose. See Sucrose Sucrose acetate isobutyrate CAS 126-13-6; 27216-37-1; EINECS/ELINCS 204-771-6 INS444 Synonyms: α-D-Glucopyranoside, O-acetyltris-O-(2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-β-Dfructofuranosyl, acetate tris (2-methyl propanoate); Saccharose acetate isobutyrate; SAIB; Sucrose acetoisobutyrate; Sucrose, diacetate hexaisobutyrate Classification: Sucrose derivative Definition: Mixed ester of sucrose and acetic and isobutyric acids Empirical: C40H62O19 Formula: (CH3COO)2C12H14O3[OOCCH(CH3)2]6 Properties: Wh. powd. or pale straw-colored liq.; insol. in water; m.w. 846.92; dens. 1.146; dec. on heating to 288 C; flash pt. (COC) 260 C; ref. index 1.4540 Toxicology: LDLo (oral, rat) 25,600 mg/kg, (IP, rat) > 25,600 mg/kg; sl. toxic by ing. and IP routes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer in foods; emulsion stabilizer for flavoring oils in nonalcoholic beverages Features: Multipurpose Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.833, 175.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/ Trade Names: SAIB-SG; Sustane SAIB; Sustane SAIB CO Trade Names Containing: Sustane SAIB ET-10 Sucrose acetoisobutyrate; Sucrose, diacetate hexaisobutyrate. See Sucrose acetate isobutyrate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sucrose dilaurate CAS 25915-57-5; EINECS/ELINCS 247-345-5 Definition: Diester of lauric acid and sucrose Empirical: C36H66O13 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, antibacterial, wetting agent, dispersant, solubilizer, stabilizer for foods; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners and shortenings Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Ryoto Sugar Ester L-595 Sucrose distearate CAS 27195-16-0; EINECS/ELINCS 248-317-5 Synonyms: α-D-Glucopyranoside, β-Dfructofuranosyl, dioctadecanoate; Saccharose distearate Definition: Mixture of sucrose esters of stearic acid; consists mainly of the diester Empirical: C48H90O13 Properties: M.w. 875.23; HLB 3.0; nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, softener, detergent for foods; improves volume and crumb in sponge cake; w/o emulsifier in caramel, chewing gum, margarine, low-fat spreads, chocolate, sugar mfg.; anticrystallization agent in jellies; antisticking agent in noodles Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Trade Names: Crodesta F-10; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970 Trade Names Containing: Crodesta F-110 Sucrose cis-13-docosenoate. See Sucrose erucate Sucrose erucate Synonyms: Sucrose cis-13-docosenoate Classification: Sucrose fatty acid ester Properties: Powd.; HLB 1.0 Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, texturizer in foods; emulsifier for creams and confections; demulsifier for whipping cream, ice cream; wetting agent, dispersant for food colorants; protective coatings for fresh fruits; starch complexing agent; antistaling agent; aerating agent for batters; fat crystallization control in chocolates Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.859 Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com 1984

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names: Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290 Sucrose esters; Sucrose esters of fatty acids. See Sucrose fatty acid esters Sucrose fatty acid esters CAS 977019-37-6 INS473; E473 Synonyms: Sucrose esters; Sucrose esters of fatty acids; Sugar esters Definition: Mono-, di-, and triesters of sucrose with fatty acids Properties: Wh. to sl. grayish powd. (based on sat. fatty acids); ylsh. pasty to waxy substance (based on unsat. fatty acids); sol. in ethanol; sparingly sol. in water; insol. in veg. oils; nonionic Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, texturizer for foods, beverages, chewing gum, apples, baked goods, bananas, dairy prods., frozen dairy desserts, whipped milk prods.; protective coatings on fruits; aerating agent; starch complexing agent; dispersant, stabilizer for fats; carrier, solvent for colors and fat-sol. antioxidants Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.859; ADI 0-30 mg/kg body wt.; Europe listed; UK approved; FAO/WHO 8.446 Manuf./Distrib.: Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku http://www.dks-web.co.jp/; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Multi-Kem http://www.multikem.com/ Trade Names: DK Ester F-10; DK Ester F-20W; DK Ester F-50; DK Ester F 70; DK Ester F 90 DK Ester F-110; DK Ester F-140; DK Ester F160; Sunny Safe Trade Names Containing: Ryoto Sugar Ester POS-135 Sucrose laurate CAS 25339-99-5; EINECS/ELINCS 246-873-3 Synonyms: α-D-Glucopyranoside, β-Dfructofuranosyl, monododecanoate Definition: Mixture of sucrose esters of lauric acid; consists mainly of monoester Empirical: C24H44O12 Properties: HLB 15.0; Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer, antibacterial, wetting agent, dispersant, softener, conditioner, and aerating agent in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods; vegetable/fruit scrubbing; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Trade Names: Ryoto Sugar Ester L-1695 Trade Names Containing: Ryoto Sugar Ester LWA-1570 Sucrose mono/distearate. See Sucrose polystearate Sucrose monopalmitate. See Sucrose palmitate Sucrose monostearate. See Sucrose stearate Sucrose myristate CAS 27216-47-3; EINECS/ELINCS 248-340-0 Definition: Monoester of myristic acid and sucrose Empirical: C26H48O12 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, antibacterial, wetting agent, dispersant for foods; antiprecipitant in canned drinks Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Ryoto Sugar Ester M-1695 Sucrose octaacetate CAS 126-14-7; EINECS/ELINCS 204-772-1 FEMA 3038 Synonyms: α-D-Glucopyranoside, 1,3,4,6tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl-, tetraacetate; Octaacetylsucrose; D-(+)Sucrose octaacetate Empirical: C28H38O19 Properties: Wh. need., pract. odorless, intensely bitter taste; sol. in ether, methanol, chloroform, 1100 parts water, 11 parts alcohol, 22 parts CCl4, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; m.w. 678.60; m.p. 82-85 C; b.p. 260 C (1 mm); dec. above 285 C; ref. index 1.4660 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; sl. toxic by ing. and skin contact; irritating to skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 27CFR §21.130; FEMA GRAS; USP/NF compliance; Canada DSL 1985

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; B2E http://www.protectivechemicals.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Burlington Bio-Medical CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Mentha & Allied Prods. http://www.menthaallied.com; Morre-Tec Ind. http://www.morretec.com Paulaur http://www.paulaur.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com D-(+)-Sucrose octaacetate. See Sucrose octaacetate Sucrose oleate CAS 25496-92-8; EINECS/ELINCS 247-041-2 Definition: Monoester of oleic acid and sucrose Empirical: C30H54O12 Properties: Nonionic Uses: O/w and w/o emulsifier, softener, conditioner, texturizer, and aerating agent in foods (baked goods, baking mixes, frozen dairy desserts); component of protective coatings on fruit Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.859 Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester OWA-1570 Sucrose palmitate CAS 26446-38-8; EINECS/ELINCS 247-706-7 Synonyms: β-D-Fructofuranosyl-α-Dglucopyranoside monohexadecanoate; α-DGlucopyranoside, β-D-frutofuranosyl, monohexadecanoate; Palmitic sucrose ester; Saccharose palmitate; Sucrose monopalmitate; Sucrose palmitic acid ester Definition: Monoester of palmitic acid and sucrose Empirical: C28H52O12 Properties: M.w. 580.71; nonionic Uses: O/w and w/o emulsifier, softener, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

conditioner, texturizer, and aerating agent in foods (baked goods, baking mixes, frozen dairy desserts); component of protective coatings on fruit Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.859; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P1670 Sucrose palmitic acid ester. See Sucrose palmitate Sucrose polylaurate Definition: Mixture of esters of lauric acid and sucrose Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for foods, coffee whiteners, shortenings; antisticking agent for noodles Trade Names: Ryoto Sugar Ester L-195 Sucrose polylinoleate CAS 56449-51-5; EINECS/ELINCS 260-188-7 Definition: Mixture of esters of linoleic acid and sucrose Uses: Emulsifier for foods, coffee whiteners, shortenings; antisticking agent for noodles Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Sucrose polyoleate Definition: Mixture of esters of oleic acid and sucrose Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier for foods, coffee whiteners, shortenings; antisticking agent for noodles Trade Names: Ryoto Sugar Ester O-170 Sucrose polystearate Synonyms: Saccharose mono/distearate; Sucrose mono/distearate Definition: Mixture of esters of stearic acid and sucrose Properties: Nonionic Uses: O/w and w/o emulsifier, wetting agent, crystallization inhibitor, softener, conditioner, and aerating agent in foods; inhibitor of thermal denaturation of proteins Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/; Variati http://www.variati.it/ Trade Names: Ryoto Sugar Ester S-070; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270

1986

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sucrose stearate CAS 25168-73-4; EINECS/ELINCS 246-705-9 Synonyms: β-D-Fructofuranosyl-α-Dglucopyranoside, monooctadecanoate; α-DGlucopyranoside, β-D-fructofuranosyl, monooctadecanoate; Sucrose monostearate Definition: Monoester of stearic acid and sucrose Empirical: C30H56O12 Properties: Wh. powd.; odorless; tasteless; Nonionic Uses: Visc. reducer in foods; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortening, ice cream; dispersant, solubilizer, conditioner for flavors, preservatives; dough strengthener; improves volume, crumb in sponge cake; prevents syneresis in pudding; antisticking agent in noodles Features: Low-foaming Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Trade Names: Crodesta F-160; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670 Trade Names Containing: Crodesta F-110 Sucrose tetrastearate triacetate CAS 52439-69-7; EINECS/ELINCS 257-922-3 Definition: Mixt. of esters of stearic acid, acetic acid, and sucrose Uses: Emulsifier for foods, coffee whiteners, shortenings; antisticking agent for noodles Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Sucrose tribehenate Definition: Triester of behenic acid and sucrose Empirical: C78H148O14 Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, antibacterial, wetting agent, dispersant for foods; anticaking agent for hygroscopic powd. foods, e.g., spices, seasonings; antisticking agent for noodles; emulsifier for coffee whiteners, shortenings; solubilizer, stabilizer for fatsol. vitamins Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/; Variati http://www.variati.it/ Trade Names: Ryoto Sugar Ester B-370 Sucrose tristearate CAS 27923-63-3; EINECS/ELINCS 248-731-6 Synonyms: β-D-Fructofuranosyl-α-DHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

glucopyranoside trioctadecanoate Definition: Triester of stearic acid and sucrose Empirical: C66H124O14 Properties: Nonionic Uses: O/w and w/o emulsifier, softener, conditioner, texturizer, and aerating agent in foods (baked goods, baking mixes, frozen dairy desserts); component of protective coatings on fruit Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.859 Manuf./Distrib.: CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Trade Names: Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370F Sudan gum. See Acacia Sugar. See Sucrose Sugar esters. See Sucrose fatty acid esters Sugar glycerides. See Sucroglycerides Sulfate of ammonia. See Ammonium sulfate Sulfated butyl oleate CAS 38621-44-2; 101975-70-6 Synonyms: Butyl oleate sulfate; Butyl oleate, sulfated Properties: Anionic Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 63 mg/kg; poison by IV route; irritating to eyes Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Dehydrating agent for grapes in raisin prod. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.270, 176.170, 177.2800; Canada DSL Sulfated tallow Synonyms: Tallow, sulfated Properties: Anionic Uses: Defoamer for beet sugar and yeast processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.340, 176.200, 177.1210 Sulfate of potash. See Potassium sulfate o-Sulfobenzimide; o-Sulfobenzoic acid imide. See Saccharin Sulfobenzoic imide calcium salt. See Calcium saccharin Sulfobutanedioic acid 1,4-bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate 2-Sulfoethylamine. See Taurine 1-(4-Sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-2-naphthol-3,6disulfonic acid trisodium salt. See Amaranth 1-(4-Sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-2-naphthol-6,81987

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference disulfonic acid, trisodium salt. See Acid red 18 Sulfonated anthracite coal. See Anthracite coal, sulfonated Sulfonated styrene/divinylbenzene copolymer; Sulfonated styrene/DVB copolymer. See Styrene/DVB copolymer, sulfonated o-Sulfonbenzoic acid imide sodium salt. See Saccharin sodium anhydrous 1-p-Sulfophenylazo-2-hydroxynaphthalene-6sulfonate, disodium salt. See FD&C Yellow No. 6 1-(4-Sulfophenyl)-3-ethylcarboxy-4-(4sulfonaphthylazo)-5-hydroxypyrazole. See Orange B Sulfopropyl cellulose CAS 37325-18-1 Uses: Ion exchange resin for food treatment Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§173.25 Sulfosuccinic acid 1,4-bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt. See Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate 2-(6-Sulfo-2,4-xylylazo)-1-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid, disodium salt. See FD&C Red No. 4 Sulfur dioxide CAS 7446-09-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-195-2 UN 1079 (DOT); FEMA 3039; INS220; E220 Synonyms: Bisulfate; Bisulfite; Sulfurous acid anhydride; Sulfurous anhydride; Sulfurous oxide; Sulfur oxide; Sulphur dioxide, liquefied Classification: Inorganic sulfur compd. Empirical: O2S Formula: O=S=O Properties: Colorless gas, strong suffocating odor; condenses @ -10 C to colorless liq.; sol. 8.5% in water, 25% in alcohol, 32% in methanol; sol. in ether, chloroform, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 64.06; dens. 1.5 (liq.); vapor pressure 2538 mm Hg (21.1 C); m.p. -72 C; b.p. -10 C (liq.); nonflamm. Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 ppm; STEL 5 ppm; LCLo (inh., human, 5 min) 3000 ppm; poison gas; mildly toxic to humans by inh.; corrosive irritant to eyes, respiratory tract; gas causes skin irritation, liq. may cause burns due to freezing; human systemic effects by inh. (pulmonary changes); causes upper respiratory/bronchi effects; can cause respiratory paralysis; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; human Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with bases, chlorates, fluorine, interhalogens, powd. metals, metal oxides, metal acetylides, sodium hydroxide, diethyl zinc; violent reactions, ignition, explosions possible; common air contaminant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Forms an acid sol'n. (sulfurous acid) on contact with moisture; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx NFPA: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store cylinders in cool, dry, wellventilated, fireproof area away from flamm. materials and corrosive atmospheres, out of direct sunlight Uses: Antioxidant, bleaching agent, antimicrobial, fumigant, preservative, dough modifier, vitamin C stabilizer in foods, corn processing Features: Not for use in meats, sources of vitamin B1, raw fruits and vegetables, or fresh potatoesN Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.170, 172.892, 182.3862, GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (0.03-5 g/kg); Europe listed; UK approved; USP/NF compliance; SARA reportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alexander http://www.alexanderchemical.com; BASF http://www.basf.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Clariant http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; GrilloWerke AG http://www.grillo.de Olin/Chlor Alkali http://www.olinchloralkali.com; PCAS http://www.pcas.fr; PVS http://www.pvschemicals.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Scott Spec. Gases http://www.scottgas.com Thatcher http://www.thatchercompany.com Sulfur dioxide sol'n. See Sulfurous acid Sulfureted hydrogen; Sulfur hydride. See Hydrogen sulfide 1988

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Sulfuric acid, aluminum ammonium salt (2:1:1), dodecahydrate. See Ammonium alum Sulfuric acid, aluminum potassium salt (2:1:1). See Potassium alum anhydrous Sulfuric acid, aluminum potassium salt (2:1:1), dodecahydrate. See Potassium alum dodecahydrate Sulfuric acid aluminum salt; Sulfuric acid, aluminum salt (3:2). See Aluminum sulfate Sulfuric acid, aluminum sodium salt (2:1:1). See Sodium alum Sulfuric acid, calcium salt; Sulfuric acid, calcium salt (1:1). See Calcium sulfate Sulfuric acid, cobalt (2+) salt (1:1). See Cobalt sulfate (ous) Sulfuric acid, copper salt. See Cupric sulfate anhydrous Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. See Ammonium sulfate Sulfuric acid, dipotassium salt. See Potassium sulfate Sulfuric acid, disodium salt. See Sodium sulfate Sulfuric acid, iron (2+) salt (1:1). See Ferrous sulfate anhydrous Sulfuric acid, iron (3–) salt (3:2). See Ferric sulfate Sulfuric acid magnesium salt (1:1). See Magnesium sulfate anhydrous Sulfuric acid, magnesium salt (1:1) heptahydrate. See Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Sulfuric acid, manganese (2+) salt. See Manganese sulfate (ous) Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt. See Sodium lauryl sulfate Sulfuric acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt. See Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate Sulfuric acid, monooctyl ester, sodium salt. See Sodium octyl sulfate Sulfuric acid, monopotassium salt. See Potassium bisulfate Sulfuric acid monosodium salt. See Sodium bisulfate Sulfuric acid zinc salt (1:1). See Zinc sulfate Sulfuric acid zinc salt (1:1) heptahydrate. See Zinc sulfate heptahydrate Sulfurous acid CAS 7782-99-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231-973-1 UN 1833 (DOT) Synonyms: Sulfur dioxide sol'n. Definition: A sol'n. of sulfur dioxide in water Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: H2O3S Formula: H2SO3 Properties: Colorless liq.; suffocating sulfur odor (in sol'n.); sol. in water; m.w. 82.08; dens. 1.03; unstable; oxidizes in air to sulfuric acid Toxicology: TDLo (oral, human) 500 µg/kg; poison by ing. and inh.; corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; human systemic effects by ing. (nausea, vomiting, hypermotility, diarrhea, other GI effects); TSCA listed Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; reacts violently with water Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits highly toxic fumes of SOx Storage: Air-sensitive; handle under nitrogen Uses: Wine mfg.; brewing; sulfites as preservative for fruits, nuts, foods, wines; caramelization aid in prod. of caramel Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.85; FDA approved for injectables; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Sulfurous acid anhydride. See Sulfur dioxide Sulfurous acid, calcium salt (1:1). See Calcium sulfite Sulfurous acid, diammonium salt. See Ammonium sulfite Sulfurous acid dipotassium salt. See Potassium sulfite Sulfurous acid disodium salt. See Sodium sulfite Sulfurous acid, monoammonium salt. See Ammonium bisulfite Sulfurous acid monosodium salt. See Sodium bisulfite Sulfurous acid potassium salt. See Potassium sulfite Sulfurous acid sodium salt (1:2). See Sodium sulfite Sulfurous anhydride; Sulfurous oxide; Sulfur oxide; Sulphur dioxide, liquefied. See Sulfur dioxide Sumac wax. See Japan (Rhus succedanea) wax Sumatra benzoin. See Gum benzoin Sumatra camphor. See DL-Borneol 1989

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Summer savory. See Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) Summer savory extract. See Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) extract Summer savory oil. See Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil Summer savory oleoresin. See Oleoresin summer savory Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) CAS 977051-98-1 FEMA 3012 Synonyms: Satureia hortensis; Satureja hortensis; Savory; Summer savory Definition: A plant, Satureia hortensis, with strongly flavored leaves Properties: Strong aromatic flavor; pungent taste Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, condiments, meats, vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) extract CAS 84775-98-4; EINECS/ELINCS 283-922-8 Synonyms: Satureia hortensis; Satureia hortensis extract; Satureja hortensis; Satureja hortensis extract; Savory extract; Savory, summer, extract; Summer savory extract Definition: Extract of Satureia hortensis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil CAS 8016-68-0 FEMA 3013 Synonyms: Satureia hortensis; Satureia hortensis oil; Satureja hortensis; Satureja hortensis oil; Savory, summer, oil; Summer savory oil Definition: Oil from Satureja hortensis Properties: Yel. to dk. brn.; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.875 - 0.954; rflash pt. 68 C; ef. index 1.48601.5050 Toxicology: May cause lung damage if swallowed; avoid contact with eyes and skin Precaution: Keep away from sources of ignition; wear safety goggles and gloves Storage: Store in tightly closed, lt. resistant containers Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, candy, baked goods, condiments, liqueurs (vermouths and bitters), sauces, soups, and prepared meats Features: Spicey aromatic odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil CAS 8001-21-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-273-9 Synonyms: Helianthus annuus; Helianthus annuus oil; Sunflower oil; Sunflower seed oil Definition: Oil expressed from seeds of the sunflower, Helianthus annuus Properties: Amber liq., pleasant odor, mild taste; sol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, CS2; negligible sol. in water; dens. 0.924-0.926; vapor pressure very low; m.p. -18 C; iodine no. 125-140; sapon. no.188-194; ref. index 1.4611 Toxicology: No known toxicity; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2 from combustion; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Food ingred., edible oil, coating agent, emulsifier, formulation aid, texturizer in foods, margarine, shortening; dietary supplement; soybean oil replacement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.200, GRAS; BP, EP compliance (refined) Manuf./Distrib.: ADM http://www.admworld.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Alnor Oil http://www.alnoroil.com Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/ Floratech Am. http://www.floratech.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; John L Seaton Ltd http://www.seatons-uk.co.uk; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be 1990

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com; Werner G. Smith http://www.wernergsmith.com Trade Names: Divergan® HM; Lipovol SUN; Pureco® HOS Trade Names Containing: CaroCare® Nat. βCarotene 30% S; Dependox AXC; Doughmaker 5; Lucarotin® 30 SUN; PhytroX® LT 10 PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50; PhytroX® Tocomix L70 Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP Sunflower oil. See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil Sunflower seed mono-, di- and tri-glycerides. See Sunflower seed oil glycerides Sunflower seed oil. See Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil Sunflower seed oil glyceride CAS 91723-14-7; EINECS/ELINCS 294-518-6 Synonyms: Glycerides, sunflower oil mono-; Glycerides, sunflower seed monoDefinition: Monoglyceride derived from sunflower seed oil Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier, thickener, gellant for foods Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Trade Names: Myverol® 18-92K Sunflower seed oil glycerides CAS 91723-16-9; EINECS/ELINCS 294-520-7 Synonyms: Glycerides, sunflower oil mono-, di- and tri-; Glycerides, sunflower seed mono-, di- and tri-; Sunflower seed mono-, di- and tri-glycerides Definition: Mixture of mono, di and triglycerides derived from sunflower seed oil Properties: Nonionic Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier for foods Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sunnette. See Acesulfame potassium Sunset yellow; Sunset yellow FCF. See FD&C Yellow No. 6 Super cobalt. See Cobalt Suzorite mica. See Mica Sweet almond oil. See Sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) oil Sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) oil CAS 8007-69-0 Synonyms: Almond oil; Almond oil, sweet; Prunus dulcis; Sweet almond oil Definition: Fixed oil obtained from the ripe seed kernel of Prunus amygdalus dulcis, contg. chiefly glyceryl oleate Properties: Colorless or pale yel. oily liq., almost odorless, bland taste; sl. sol. in alcohol; misc. with benzene, chloroform, ether, petrol. ether; insol. in water; dens. 0.910-0.915; iodine no. 93-100; sapon. no. 191-200; ref. index 1.45931.4646 (40 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Food ingred.; flavoring agent Features: Oleaginous Regulatory: NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AXO Chem. http://www.axochemical.com; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/ F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com 1991

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holme-clark.com Trade Names: Lipovol ALM Sweet basil extract. See Basil (Ocimum basilicum) extract Sweet basil oil. See Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil Sweet bay. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Sweet bay extract. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) extract Sweet bay oil. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil Sweet birch oil. See Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) oil; Birch (Betula alba) oil; Methyl salicylate Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) pit oil CAS 8022-29-5 Synonyms: Cherry kernel oil; Cherry pit oil; Cherry pit, sweet, oil; Prunus avium; Prunus avium oil Definition: Fixed oil obtained from the kernels of cherries, Prunus avium Properties: Oil Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; not to exceed 25 ppm prussic acid Manuf./Distrib.: Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com Sweet elder. See Elder flowers Sweet fennel. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Sweet fennel extract. See Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) extract Sweet fennel oil. See Fennel (Foeniculum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

vulgare) oil Sweet flag. See Calamus Sweet flag oil. See Calamus oil Sweet gum. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) Sweet marjoram oil. See Marjoram (Majorana hortensis) oil; Sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana) oil Sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana) oil CAS 8015-01-8 FEMA 2663 Synonyms: Origanum majorana; Origanum majorana oil; Sweet marjoram oil Definition: Volatile oil distilled from leaves of Origanum majorana, contg. 40% terpenes, chiefly terpinene; also d-terpineol Properties: Yel. or greenish-yel. liq.; sol. in 2 vols 80% alcohol; sol. in chloroform, ether, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; insol. in water; dens. 0.888-0.912 (15/15 C); flash pt. (CC) 47 C; ref. index 1.4630-1.4680 Toxicology: TSCA listed HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed container, protected from heat, light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Sweet orange oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil Sweet orange peel extract. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) peel extract Sweet orange peel oil. See Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil Sweet oriental gum. See Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) Sweet spirit of niter. See Ethyl nitrite Sweetwood bark oil. See Cascarilla oil Sweet woodruff extract. See Woodruff (Asperula odorata) extract Swertia. See Swertia chirata Swertia chirata CAS 977052-80-4 Synonyms: Chirata; Swertia Definition: Swertia chirata Properties: Bitter tonic Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 See also Swertia chirata extract 1992

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Swertia chirata extract CAS 97766-44-4; EINECS/ELINCS 307-906-8 Synonyms: Swertia chirata; Swertia extract Definition: Extract of flowers, leaves, and stems of the swertia, Swertia chirata Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Swertia extract. See Swertia chirata extract SX purple. See Acid red 18 Synthetic beeswax (INCI). See Beeswax, synthetic Synthetic candelilla; Synthetic candelilla wax (INCI). See Candelilla synthetic Synthetic capsaicin. See Pelargonyl vanillylamide Synthetic musk ambrette. See Musk ambrette Synthetic mustard oil. See Allyl isothiocyanate Synthetic oil of bitter almond. See Benzaldehyde Synthetic oil of wintergreen. See Methyl salicylate Synthetic spermaceti; Synthetic spermaceti wax. See Cetyl esters Synthetic wax CAS 8002-74-2; 123237-14-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-315-6 Synonyms: Fischer-Tropsch wax; FischerTropsch wax, oxidized Definition: Hydrocarbon wax derived by FischerTropsch or ethylene polymerization processes Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Masticatory substance for chewing gum; protective coating on raw fruits and vegetables; defoamer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.615, 172.888, 173.340, 175.105, 175.250, 176.170, 177.1200, 178.3720, 178.3850 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Baker Petrolite http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrolite ; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; CoKEM Assoc. Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Elementis Spec. http://www.elementis-specialties.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Frank B. Ross http://www.frankbross.com; Honeywell Spec. Wax & Addit. http://www.acwax.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/; Micro Powders http://www.micropowders.com/; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Presperse http://www.presperse.com/; Shamrock Tech. http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com; Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; Strohmeyer & Arpe http://www.strohmeyer.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com Trade Names: Bareco® C-4040; Bareco® PX100; Bareco® SP-200; Ross Wax #100 See also Paraffin; Petroleum wax Syntopherol acetate. See dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate Syringa aldehyde; Syringaldehyde. See pTolylacetaldehyde Syrups, hydrolyzed starch. See Corn syrup Table salt. See Sodium chloride Table sugar. See Sucrose Tabular alumina. See Alumina Tagetes erecta. See Tagetes (Tagetes erecta) extract Tagetes erecta oil; Tagetes glandulifera oil; Tagetes minuta oil. See Tagetes oil Tagetes oil CAS 8016-84-0 FEMA 3040 Synonyms: Marigold absolute; Marigold oil; Tagetes erecta oil; Tagetes glandulifera oil; Tagetes minuta oil; Tagetes patula oil Definition: Oil derived from Tagetes spp. Properties: Yel.-reddish to dk. grn. brn. semiliq.; rancid fruity bitter taste; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.856-0.895; flash pt. 59 C; ref. index 1.480-1.507 (20 C) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin; may be irritating if inhaled; may be harmful if swallowed; phototoxic effects Precaution: Avoid contact or contamination with strong acids, alkalis, or oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, unidentified org. compds. may be formed during combustion Storage: Keep away from heat and flames Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, 1993

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; FEMA GRAS; SARA §311/312 fire hazard; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Tagetes patula oil. See Tagetes oil Tagetes (Tagetes erecta) extract CAS 90131-43-4; 977010-56-2; EINECS/ELINCS 290-353-9 Synonyms: Aztec marigold extract; Marigold extract; Tagetes erecta; Targetes oil; Tegetes erecta extract Definition: Hexane extract of the flower petals of the Aztec marigold, Tagetes erecta Properties: M.p. 53.5-55 C; acid no. 0.6-1.2; iodine no. 132-145; sapon. no. 175-200 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 0.05% max. in skin cosmetics likely to be exposed to sunlight Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.295, 172.510; not permitted in food (EU) Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com Tailed pepper. See Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil Talc CAS 14807-96-6; EINECS/ELINCS 238-877-9 INS553(iii); E553b Synonyms: CI 77019; CI 77718; Cosmetic talc; French chalk; Hydrous magnesium calcium silicate; Hydrous magnesium silicate; Industrial talc; Magnesium hydrogen metasilicate; Pigment white 26; Platy talc; Talcum Definition: Native, hydrous magnesium silicate sometimes containing small portion of aluminum silicate and containing < 1% cryst. silica Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: MgO • nSiO2 Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 or 3MgO • 4SiO2 • HOH Properties: Wh., apple green, gray or gray fine powd., pearly or greasy luster, greasy feel; odorless, tasteless; insol. in water, cold acids or in alkalis; dens. 2.7-2.8; bulking value 0.044 gal/lb; oil absorp. 30-55; GE brightness 75-94; ref. index 1.59-1.60; hardness (Mohs) 1.0-1.5 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 mg/m3 (respirable dust); TCLo (inh., rat, 1 yr., intermittent) 11 mg/m3; toxic by inhalation; talc with < 1% asbestos is nuisance dust, > 1% may be human carcinogen; human skin irritant; prolonged/repeated exposure can produce talc pneumoconiosis; talc-based powds. linked to ovarian cancer; experimental tumorigen; common air contaminant; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Anticaking agent, coating agent, texturizer, lubricant, release agent, surfacefinishing agent, filter aid, dusting powder in foods; migrating to foods from paper/paperboard, from cotton in dry food pkg.; in chewing gum Use Level: 0.003-220.4 mg (oral solids) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1550, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1460, 178.3297, 182.70, 182.90, GRAS; exempt from certification, permanently listed, approved for orals, rectals, topicals; Canada DSL; Japan restricted (5000 ppm); Europe listed; UK approved; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Albion Inorganic Chems. http://www.albionchemicals.co.uk; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Archway Sales http://www.archwaysales.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com Celite http://www.worldminerals.com/celite.html; Charles B. Chrystal http://www.cbchrystal.com; Chem-Materials 1994

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.chem-materials.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Janssen-Cilag http://www.janssen-cilag.nl/; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com L.V. Lomas http://www.lvlomas.com; Landers-Segal Color http://www.pigments.com/; Luzenac Am. http://www.luzenac.com; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mins. Tech. http://www.mineralstech.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; Presperse http://www.presperse.com/; Punda Mercantile http://www.punda.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Specialty Mins. http://www.mineralstech.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Tamms Ind. http://www.tamms.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com Trade Names: Act II 200 USP; Act II 400 USP; Altalc 200 USP; Altalc 300 USP; Altalc 325 USP Altalc 400 USP; Altalc 500 USP; Imperial 400; Vantalc® 6H Talcum. See Talc Talin. See Thaumatin Talleol. See Tall oil Tall oil CAS 8002-26-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-304-6 Synonyms: Lignin liquor; Liquid rosin; Talleol; Tallol Definition: Byprod. of wood pulp contg. rosin acids, oleic and linoleic acids, and long chain alcohols Properties: Dk. brn. liq., acrid odor; dens. 0.95; acid no. 178 min.; flash pt. 182 C Toxicology: LD50 (unreported, mouse) 7300 mg/kg; mild allergen; may cause wt. loss, blood changes; migrates to food from pkg. materials Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Drying oil as component of finished resins, migrating from food pkg., in cotton for dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 175.320, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2600, 177.2800, 181.22, 181.26, 182.70, 186.1557, GRAS as indirect food additive; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Arakawa USA http://www.arakawa-usa.com; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Brenntag Specialties; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Geo. Pfau's Sons http://www.pfauoil.com; GeorgiaPacific/Actrachem http://www.gp.com/chemical; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com Imperial-OEL-Import http://www.imperialoel-import.de; L.V. Lomas http://www.lvlomas.com; Marlin Chems. Ltd 1995

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; MeadWestvaco http://www.meadwestvaco.com; Nat'l. Purity http://www.nationalpurity.com Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Nottingham http://www.ppiinc.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com Total Spec. Chems. http://www.totaltsc.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Tall oil glycerides CAS 97722-02-6; EINECS/ELINCS 307-751-6 Synonyms: Glycerides, tall oil mono-, di- and triDefinition: Mixt. of the mono, di, and triglycerides derived from tall oil Uses: In chewing gum Features: Thermoplastic resin ester Tall oil rosin, pentaerythritol ester. See Pentaerythrityl rosinate Tallol. See Tall oil Tallow CAS 61789-97-7; EINECS/ELINCS 263-099-1 Synonyms: Adeps bovis; Beef tallow; Bleached deodorized tallow; Mutton tallow; Tallow, beef; Tallow, mutton Definition: Fat derived from fatty tissue of sheep or cattle; consists primarily of fatty acid glycerides Properties: Off-wh. to pale yel. fat; insol. in water; iodine no. 40-55; sapon. no. 282-286 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Chewing gum base; coating agent, emulsifier, formulation aid, texturizer in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.210, 176.170, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2800, 182.70, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Atlas Refinery http://www.atlasrefinery.com; Geo. Pfau's Sons http://www.pfauoil.com; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tallow acid CAS 61790-37-2; 67701-06-8; EINECS/ELINCS 263-129-3 Synonyms: Acids, tallow; Fatty acid, C14-18 and C16-18, unsaturated; Fatty acids, tallow; Tallow fatty acid Definition: Mixture of fatty acids derived from tallow Formula: RCOOH, R = tallowProperties: Wh. to yel. solid; insol. in water; m.p. 38-42 C; acid no. 200-205; iodine no. 50-62 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Lubricant, release agent, binder, defoamer in foods; intermediate for food emulsifiers Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.320, 176.200, 176.210, 177.2260, 177.2800, 178.3570, 178.3910; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Anar http://anarsoapandchemical.com/; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brenntag Specialties; EFE Int'l. Ltd http://www.efeinternational.com Geo. Pfau's Sons http://www.pfauoil.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com Tallow acid, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated tallow acid Tallow alcohol, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated tallow alcohol Tallow, beef. See Tallow Tallow fatty acid. See Tallow acid Tallow glyceride CAS 61789-13-7; EINECS/ELINCS 263-035-2 Synonyms: Glycerides, tallow mono-; Tallow monoglyceride Definition: Monoglyceride derived from tallow Properties: Nonionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, dispersant, opacifier for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.210; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Somerset Cosmetic Co. http://www.makingcosmetics.com/ Tallow, hardened; Tallow, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated tallow Tallow monoglyceride. See Tallow glyceride Tallow, mutton. See Tallow Tallow, sulfated. See Sulfated tallow 1996

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Tamarind extract; Tamarind gum. See Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) extract Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) extract CAS 84961-62-6; EINECS/ELINCS 284-651-8 Synonyms: Tamarind extract; Tamarind gum; Tamarindus indica; Tamarindus indica extract Definition: Extract of the pulp of the tamarind, Tamarindus indica Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/ Tamarindus indica; Tamarindus indica extract. See Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) extract Tanacetum vulgare; Tanacetum vulgare extract. See Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) extract Tanacetum vulgare oil. See Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) oil Tangantangan oil. See Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) extract CAS 90063-83-5 Synonyms: Citrus reticulata; Citrus reticulata extract; Mandarin orange extract; Tangerine extract Definition: Extract from Citrus reticulata Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) oil CAS 8016-85-1 FEMA 3041 Synonyms: Citrus reticulata; Citrus reticulata oil; Mandarin petitgrain oil; Tangerine oil; Tangerine oil america; Tangerine oil, coldpressed; Tangerine oil, expressed Definition: Oil expressed from the peels of Citrus reticulata; contains d-limonene, noctylaldehyde, n-decylaldehyde, citral, linalool, citronella, cadinene, terpenes, aldehydes, alcohols, and esters Properties: Red-orange to brn.-orange liq.; orange-like odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin; sp. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gr. 0.844-0.854; ref. index 1.46900-1.496 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5.00 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) 5.00 g/kg; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 12 mos. shelf life; store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, soft drinks, confectionery, other natural fruit flavors Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Europe listed, no restrictions; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com See also Mandarin orange oil Tangerine extract. See Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) extract Tangerine oil. See Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) oil; Mandarin orange oil Tangerine oil america; Tangerine oil, coldpressed; Tangerine oil, expressed. See Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) oil Tannic acid CAS 1401-55-4; 72401-53-7; EINECS/ELINCS 215-753-2; 276-638-0 FEMA 3042; INS181 Synonyms: Gallotannic acid; Gallotannin; Glycerite; Tannin Definition: Mixt. of organic acids occurring in the bark and fruit of many plants, e.g., oak species, sumac Empirical: C76H52O46 Properties: Ylsh.-wh. to lt. brn. powd. or flakes, faint char. odor, strongly astringent taste; very sol. in alcohol, acetone; pract. insol. in benzene, chloroform, ether, petrol. ether, 1997

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference carbon disulfide, CCl4; m.w. 1701.23; m.p. 200 C; dec. 210-215 C; flash pt. (OC) 390 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2260 mg/kg, (intramuscular, mouse) 350 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., mouse) 75 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 10 mg/kg; poison by ing., intramuscular, IV, subcut. routes; mod. toxic by parenteral route; may cause liver damage; experimental carcinogen, tumorigen, reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with salts of heavy metals, alkaloids, gelatin, starch, oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep well closed, protect from light Uses: Food additive; colorant, emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, flavoring agent, adjuvant, flavor enhancer, pH control agent, processing aid in foods; clarifier for beer and wine; fat rendering aid; boiler water additive (food contact) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 184.1097, GRAS; 9CFR §318.7; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for rectals; BP, EP compliance; not permitted in food (EU); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Burlington BioMedical Burlington Chem. http://www.burco.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fuji Chem. Ind. http://www.fujichemical.co.jp; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Tannin. See Tannic acid Tansy extract. See Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) extract Tansy oil. See Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) oil Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) extract CAS 84961-64-8; EINECS/ELINCS 284-653-9 Synonyms: Tanacetum vulgare; Tanacetum vulgare extract; Tansy extract Definition: Extract of Tanacetum vulgare Properties: Strong char. aromatic odor, bitter flavor Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; finished alcoholic beverage must be thujone-free Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) oil CAS 8016-87-3 Synonyms: Tanacetum vulgare; Tanacetum vulgare oil; Tansy oil Definition: Volatile oil from leaves and tops of Tanacetum vulgare contg. thujone, camphor, and borneol Properties: Yel. liq.; becomes brn. on exposure to air and light; strong odor; sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; pract. insol. in water; dens. 0.925-0.950 (15/15 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1150 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages 1998

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; finished alcoholic beverage must be thujone-free; Japan approved (tansy); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Tapioca. See Dextrin Tapioca dextrin Uses: Gellant, film-former, shelf life extender for confections, bakery fillings; gloss aid, strengthener, stabilizer, barrier aid, adhesion promoter for confections; glazing agent, film-former for pastry glazes, cakes, donuts, fruit, nuts, candies; structurizing agent, texturizer, fat enhancer, mouthfeel enhancer, visc. builder for foods; fat dispersant, butter flavor enhancer in butter sauces; crisping agent in coated prods.; carrier for spray-dried flavor and fragrance encapsulation Trade Names: Crystal Tex™ 627; Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Crystal Gum™; Instant N-Oil® K4484; National® 0280; N-Oil® Trade Names Containing: Encapsul® 855; National® 46 Tapioca maltodextrin Definition: Sugars obtained from the starch found in the tapioca plant. Uses: Dispersant, volume improver for dry food mixes, soup mixes, gravy mixes, cake mixes; diluent for spice blends, color blends, dry mix beverages; flow aid in foods contg. veg. oils and nonaq. liqs.; grinding aid for high oil or fatty foods, e.g., nuts Trade Names: Instant N-Oil® II; Instant Purity® SMR; N-Zorbit® M Tapioca starch CAS 9005-25-8; 53112-52-0; 75138-75-9; 977002-81-5 Synonyms: Cassava starch Definition: Starch obtained from tapioca Manihot utilissima; consists primarily of amylose and amylopectin Properties: Spherical gran. Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 6600 mg/kg; primary irritant; TSCA listed Uses: Thickener, water binder, texturizer for foods, esp. extruded snacks, pie fillings; bodying agent in processed baby foods; migrating from cotton in dry food pkg. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.70, GRAS; BP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Nat'l. Starch & Chem./Food Innovation http://www.foodinnovation.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: C*HiForm 72345; Novation® 3300; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9330; Novation® 9360 PenCook® 50; TIstar A; TIstar C; TIstar D; TIstar Dextrin D-400 TIstar Native Tapioca; TIstar P; TIstar Pearls; TIstar Pregelled Tapioca Trade Names Containing: Glacier II; Insta*Starch® 10/70 SH See also Starch Tapioca syrup Properties: Neutral flavor Uses: Sweetener and texturizer for beverages, baked goods, table syrups, frozen desserts, and candies; binder for preventing processed meat from drying out Features: Allergen-free Trade Names: BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 28DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 42DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 45DE High Maltose; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 63DE Tara gum CAS 39300-88-4 INS417; E417 Synonyms: Gum tara; Tara seed powd. Classification: Galactomannan Toxicology: Tumorigen Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural thickener, stabilizer, filmformer in foods Regulatory: ADI 0-12.5 mg/kg (JECFA); Canada DSL; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com 1999

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names: Coyote Brand Tara Gum; PROVIgel® NAT 201; PROVIgel® NAT 202; PROVIgel® NAT 203; PROVIgel® NAT 204 PROVIgel® TSS Trade Names Containing: Coyote Stabilizer KT-MS Tara seed powd. See Tara gum Taraxacum. See Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) root Taraxacum extract. See Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract Taraxacum officinale; Taraxacum officinale extract. See Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract Taraxacum officinale root. See Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) root Targetes oil. See Tagetes (Tagetes erecta) extract Tar, juniper; Tar, juniperus oxycedrus. See Cade oil Tar oil; Tar oil, wood. See Pine (Pinus palustris) tar oil Tarragon. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) Tarragon absolute. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) CAS 977052-32-6 FEMA 3043 Synonyms: Artemisia dracunculus; Estragole; Tarragon Definition: Dried leaves and flowering tops of the bushy perennial plant, Artemisia dracunculus Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, vinegar, pickles Features: Anise-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.22, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) extract CAS 90131-45-6; 977029-81-4; EINECS/ELINCS 290-356-5 Synonyms: Artemisia dracunculus; Artemisia dracunculus extract; Esdragol extract; Esdragon extract; Estragol extract; Estragon extract; Tarragon extract Definition: Extract of the roots of the tarragon, Artemisia dracunculus Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.biolandes.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil CAS 8016-88-4 FEMA 2412 Synonyms: Artemisia dracunculus; Artemisia dracunculus oil; Esdragol oil; Esdragon oil; Estragol oil; Estragon absolute; Estragon oil; Tarragon absolute; Tarragon herb oil; Tarragon oil Definition: Oil from steam distillation of leaves, stems, and flowers of Artemisia dracunculus Properties: Pale yel. to amber liq.; spicy licorice and sweet basil odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil; insol. in propylene glycol, glycerin; dens. 0.933; b.p. 204 C; flash pt. 79.4 C; ref. index 1.5120 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1900 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 ml/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; may be harmful by inh., skin absorp.; may cause irritation to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract; exposure can cause dermatitis; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat and open flame Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, alcoholic beverages, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Tarragon extract. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) extract Tarragon herb oil; Tarragon oil. See Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil Tartar; Tartar cream. See Potassium acid 2000

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference tartrate Tartaric acid (INCI). See L-Tartaric acid L-Tartaric acid CAS 87-69-4; EINECS/ELINCS 201-766-0 FEMA 3044; INS334 Synonyms: Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-; 2,3-Dihydrosuccinic acid; Dihydroxybutanedioic acid; 2,3Dihydroxybutanedioic acid; L-2,3Dihydroxybutanedioic acid; Dihydroxysuccinic acid; α,βDihydroxysuccinic acid; 3-Hydroxymalic acid; Malic acid, 3-hydroxy-; Succinic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-; Tartaric acid (INCI); L-(+)Tartaric acid; Thearic acid Classification: Nonaromatic carboxylic acid Definition: The commercial prod. is the L(+)enantiomer Empirical: C4H6O6 Formula: COOH • CHOH • CHOH • COOH Properties: Colorless translucent cryst. or wh. cryst. powd., odorless, acid taste; effervescent; sol. in water, alcohol, glycerin; partly sol. in ether; m.w. 150.09; dens. 1.0045 (1%, 15/4 C); m.p. 168-170 C; flash pt. (OC) 210 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 485 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, dog) 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; strong sol'ns. are mildly irritating to humans; may cause convulsions, somnolence, hemorrhage; TSCA listed Precaution: Strong organic acid; reaction with silver produces unstable silver tartrate Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Direct food additive; flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, firming agent, humectant, pH control agent, acidulant, antioxidant synergist, sequestrant in foods, cream of tartar, effervescent beverages, baking powd., baked goods, gelatin desserts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.170, 131.111, 136.110, 150.141, 150.161, 163.110, 163.111, 163.112, 176.170, 184.1077, 184.1099, 582.1099, 582.6099, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; BATF 27CFR §240.1051, 240.364, 240.512; Canada DSL; FDA approved for parenterals, intravenous, orals, rectals, vaginals; USP/NF, BP, EP, JP compliance Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; Albion Inorganic Chems. http://www.albionchemicals.co.uk Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com Changzhou Changmao Biochem. Eng. http://www.ccbec.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemco France http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E5 A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma http://www.dspharma.co.jp/english Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fallek; Ferro http://www.ferro.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; J.W. Pike Ltd; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com

2001

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pfizer Int'l. http://www.pfizer.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Reuter Chemische Apparatebau http://www.rcaseparations.de; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com Rit-Chem http://www.ritchem.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; U.S. Chems. http://www.uschemicals.com Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ L-(+)-Tartaric acid. See L-Tartaric acid Tartaric acid, calcium salt. See Calcium tartrate L-Tartaric acid disodium salt. See Sodium tartrate L-Tartaric acid monopotassium salt. See Potassium acid tartrate Tartrazine CAS 1934-21-0; EINECS/ELINCS 217-699-5 INS102; E102 Synonyms: Acid yellow 23 (INCI); Acid yellow 23 trisodium salt; 3-Carboxy-5-hydroxy-1-psulfophenyl-4-p-sulfophenylazopyrazole trisodium salt; CI 19140; D&C Yellow No. 5; 4,5-Dihydro-5-oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-4-[(4sulfophenyl) azo]-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid trisodium salt; FD&C Yellow No. 5; Food yellow 4; 1H-Pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, 4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1-(4-sulfophenyl)-4[(4-sulfophenyl) azo]-, trisodium salt; Tartrazine yellow; Trisodium-3-carboxy-5hydroxy-1-p-sulfophenyl-4-psulfophenylazopyrazole Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Classification: Pyrazole color Empirical: C16H9N4Na3O9S2 Formula: C16H9N4O9S2 • 3Na Properties: Bright orange-yel. powd., gran.; greenish-yel. in sol'n.; sol. in water, conc. sulfuric acid; sol. (oz/gal): 28 oz glycerin, 12 oz propylene glycol; m.w. 534.37 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 12,750 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 3800 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; allergen; those allergic to aspirin are often allergic to tartrazine; may cause urticaria, anaphylactoid reactions, angioedema, rhinitis, bronchial asthma, contact dermatitis, hyperactivity, thyroid tumors; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, SOx, and Na2O Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Colorant in foods, beverages, baked goods, butter, cheese, candy, confections, dessert powds., cereals, ice cream, pet foods Regulatory: Europe listed; banned in Norway, Austria; UK approved; FD&C Yellow No. 5: FDA 21CFR §74.705, 74.1705, 74.2705, 82.705, 176.170; FDA approved for buccals, orals, topicals, vaginals Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anar Int'l. http://www.anarchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com See also FD&C Yellow No. 5 Tartrazine yellow. See FD&C Yellow No. 5 Tartrazine yellow. See Tartrazine Taurine CAS 107-35-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-483-8 FEMA 3813 Synonyms: 2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid; 2Aminoethylsulfonic acid; Ethanesulfonic 2002

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference acid, 2-amino-; 2-Sulfoethylamine Classification: Amino acid Empirical: C2H7NO3S Formula: NH2CH2CH2SO3H Properties: Solid; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 125.15; m.p. > 300 C; dec. above 317 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (IP, mouse) 6630 mg/kg, (IV, dog) > 2 g/kg, (subcut., mouse) 6 g/kg; toxic by ing.; irritant; mutagen; reproductive effector; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of SOx and NOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Milk enrichment additive Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; Adept Sol'ns.; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chemisphere Ltd http://www.chemisphere.co.uk; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Napp Tech. http://www.napptech.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TBHQ. See t-Butyl hydroquinone TBS. See p-t-Butylphenyl salicylate TBZ. See Thiabendazole TCE. See Trichloroethylene TCP. See Calcium phosphate tribasic TCTFE. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane TDPA. See 3,3´-Thiodipropionic acid TDQP. See 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline polymer TEA. See Triethanolamine Teaberry oil. See Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) oil; Methyl salicylate Tea extract. See Tea (Thea sinensis) extract; Camellia sinensis extract Tea leaves extract. See Camellia oleifera extract; Camellia sinensis extract TEA-oleate CAS 2717-15-9; EINECS/ELINCS 220-311-7 Synonyms: 9-Octadecenoic acid, compd. with 2,2´,2´´-nitrilotris[ethanol] (1:1); Triethanolamine monooleate ester; Triethanolamine oleate; Triethanolamine oleate soap; Trihydroxyethylamine oleate Classification: Salt of oleic acid Empirical: C24H49NO5 Formula: C18H34O2 • C6H15NO3 Properties: HLB 12.0; anionic Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Ingred. in food Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §176.210, 177.2260; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trade Names: Nofable BO-90T; Nofable BO99T Tea (Thea sinensis) extract CAS 84650-60-2 Synonyms: Chinese tea extract; Japanese tea extract; Oolong tea extract; Tea extract; Thea sinensis; Thea sinensis extract Definition: Extract of the leaves of Thea sinensis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Tea tree. See Cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendron) oil TEC. See Triethyl citrate Teel oil. See Sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil 2003

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference TEG. See PEG-4 Tegetes erecta extract. See Tagetes (Tagetes erecta) extract TELA. See Triethanolamine Tennecetin. See Natamycin Teobromin. See Theobromine Terebenthine. See Turpentine 1,4(8)-Terpadiene. See Terpinolene Terpene polymer resin. See Terpene resin Terpene resin CAS 9003-74-1 Synonyms: Polyterpene resin; Terpene polymer resin Classification: Unsat. hydrocarbon; thermoplastic resin Definition: Thermoplastic resin obtained by polymerization of turpentine in presence of cataysts Properties: Sol. in most org. solvs. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 15 g/kg; somnolent effect; general depressed activity; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Masticatory substance, solvent for elastomers in chewing gum; color diluent in foods; moisture barrier on soft gelatin capsules or ascorbic acid powds. Use Level: Limitation 0.07% (of wt. of capsule) 7% (of ascorbic acid and salts) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1, 172.280, 172.615, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 175.320, 177.1200, 177.2600, 178.3930; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arizona http://www.arizonachemical.com; Cardolite http://www.cardolite.com; Cary http://www.thecarycompany.com; Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com Hercules http://www.herc.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Langley-Smith Ltd http://www.langley-smith.co.uk; MonomerPolymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com Trade Names: Piccolyte® C125; Piccolyte® S115 See also d-Limonene; dl-Limonene; lLimonene; α-Pinene; β-Pinene Terpenes and terpenoids, grapefruit-oil. See Grapefruit oil terpenes Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

α-Terpinene CAS 99-86-5; EINECS/ELINCS 202-795-1 FEMA 3558 Synonyms: 1,3-Cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl-4isopropyl-; p-Mentha-1,3-diene; 1-Methyl-4isopropylcyclohexadiene-1,3; 1-Methyl-4isopropyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene; 1-Methyl-4(1-methylethyl)-1,3-cyclohexadiene; Tirpilene Empirical: C10H16 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in org. solvs.; misc. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 136.24; dens. 0.834 (20/4 C); b.p. 181.5 C; flash pt. 115 F; ref. index 1.475-1.480; tenacity 2 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1680 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Lemon flavor Use Level: 1-5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-2244); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com γ-Terpinene CAS 99-85-4; EINECS/ELINCS 202-794-6 FEMA 3559 Synonyms: 1,4-Cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl-4-(1methylethyl)-; 1-Isopropyl-4-methyl-1,4cyclohexadiene; 1,4-p-Menthadiene; pMentha-1,4-diene; 1-Methyl-4isopropylcyclohexadiene-1,4; 1-Methyl-4-(1methylethyl)-1,4-cyclohexadiene Classification: cyclic terpene Empirical: C10H16 Properties: Colorless oil or liq.; herbaceous 2004

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference citrus odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 136.24; dens. 0.848 (20/4 C); b.p. 183-186 C; flash pt. 50 C; ref. index 1.474 (20 C); tenacity 4 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3650 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Citrus flavor Use Level: 1-5% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FCC; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-2244); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Trade Names: γ-Terpinene P&F Trade Names Containing: Lemon Base; Lime Oil 410; Lime Oil E-96 Terpinene-4-ol; (+)-Terpinen-4-ol. See 4Carvomenthenol 1-Terpinenol; Terpinen-1-ol; 3-Terpinen-1-ol. See p-Menth-3-en-1-ol 4-Terpinenol; Terpinenol-4; Terpinen-4-ol. See 4-Carvomenthenol Terpineol (INCI). See α-Terpineol 4-Terpineol. See 4-Carvomenthenol α-Terpineol CAS 98-55-5 (mixt. of α,β,γ); 8000-41-7 (mixed isomers); 10482-56-1; EINECS/ELINCS 202680-6; 232-268-1 (mixed isomers) UN NA 1993; FEMA 3045 Synonyms: 3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, α,α, 4trimethyl-; p-Menthen-1-en-8-ol; 1-pHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Menthen-8-ol; p-Menth-1-en-8-ol; 1-Methyl4-isopropyl-1-cyclohexen-8-ol; Pine oil synthetic; Terpineol (INCI); α-Terpineol special Pure 3-cyclohexene-1-methanol, α, α, trimethyl; α,α,4-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexene1-methanol Definition: Several grades avail.; lower grades are mixed isomer prods.; higher grades are used in perfumes Empirical: C10H18O Formula: C10H17OH Properties: Colorless visc. liq. or solid; lilac-like odor; very sol. in alcohol, ether; sol. in propylene glycol; very sl. sol. in water; insol. in min. oil; m.w. 154.24; dens. 0.935 (20/20 C); vapor pressure 5 mm Hg (80 C); m.p. 40-41 C; b.p. 214-224 C; flash pt. 89 C; ref. index 1.482; surf. tens. 31.6 dynes/cm; tenacity 24 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5170 mg/kg, (intramuscular, mouse) 2000 mg/kg; mod. toxic by intramuscular route; harmful by ing.; may be harmful by inh., skin absorp.; vapor/mist may cause eye/mucous membrane/upper respiratory tract irritation; skin irritant; can be a sensitizer; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 1.97 Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; combustion: toxic fumes; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from light, heat, open flame; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 178.1010; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for topicals; BP compliance; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (3-2323); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Arakawa Chem. Ind. http://www.arakawachem.co.jp/e; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH 2005

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BFA Labs http://www.bfa-lab.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com Camphor Allied Prods. http://www.camphor-allied.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Hercules http://www.herc.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Soda Aromatic http://www.soda.co.jp; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; T&R Chem. Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Trade Names Containing: Lime Oil 410; Lime Oil E-96 β-Terpineol CAS 138-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 205-342-6 FEMA 3564 Synonyms: Cyclohexanol, 1-methyl-4-(1methylethenyl)-; p-Menth-8-en-1-ol; t-Menth1-en-8-ol; 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl) cyclohexanol Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 154.28; sp. gr. 0.9258; m.p. 32.0-33.0 C; b.p. 209-210 C; ref. index Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1.47930 Toxicology: Mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ChemSampCo http://www.chemsampco.com; City Chem. http://www.citychemical.com α-Terpineol acetate. See Terpinyl acetate Terpineol anhydrous CAS 8006-39-1; EINECS/ELINCS 202-680-6 Synonyms: p-Menth-1-en-8-ol; Terpineols Definition: Mixt. of α, β, and γ isomers Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless visc. liq., lilac odor; sl. sol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 154.28; dens. 0.9300.936; b.p. 213-218 C; flash pt. 196 F; ref. index 1.482 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4300 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; skin irritant Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Terpineols. See Terpineol anhydrous α-Terpineol special Pure 3-cyclohexene-1methanol, α, α, trimethyl. See α-Terpineol Terpinolene CAS 586-62-9; 68956-56-9; EINECS/ELINCS 209-578-0; 273-309-3 UN 2541 (DOT); FEMA 3046 2006

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: 4-Isopropylidene-1methylcyclohexene; 1,4-(8)-p-Menthadiene; p-Menth-1,4(8)-diene; 1-Methyl-4-(1methylethylidene) cyclohexene; 1,4(8)Terpadiene Classification: Nonaromatic hydrocarbon Empirical: C10H16 Properties: Water-wh. to pale amber liq. or oil; sol. in alcohol, ether, glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 136.24; dens. 0.864 (15.5/15.5 C); b.p. 183-185 C; flash pt. (CC) 37.2 C); ref. index 1.4890; tenacity 4 days on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4390 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flames; can react with oxidizing materials Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Use Level: 1-40% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-2226); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; DRT http://www.drt.fr; http://www.drt.fr/en; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Trade Names Containing: Lime Oil 410 Terpinyl acetate CAS 80-26-2; EINECS/ELINCS 201-265-7 FEMA 3047 Synonyms: Menthen-1-yl-8 acetate; 1-pMenthen-8-yl acetate; p-Menth-1-en-8-yl acetate; 1-Methyl-1-(4-methylcyclohex-3enyl) ethyl ethanoate; α-Terpineol acetate; (±)α-Terpinyl acetate Definition: Mixed prod., mainly α-terpinyl acetate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C12H20O2 Formula: C10H17OOCCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; bergamot or lavenderlike odor; sol. in fixed oils, min. oil, propylene glycol, 5+ vols. of 70% alcohol; sl. sol. in glycerol; insol. in water; m.w. 196.32; dens. 0.958-0.968 (15 C); f.p. -50 C; b.p. 220 C; flash pt. 212 F; ref. index 1.4640-1.4660 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5075 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 4800 mg/kg; LDLo (oral, rat) 4160 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved as flavoring; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Anthea Aromatics http://www.antheaaromatics.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com (±)α-Terpinyl acetate. See Terpinyl acetate Terpinyl ortho-aminobenzoate. See Terpinyl anthranilate Terpinyl anthranilate CAS 14481-52-8 FEMA 3048 Synonyms: Anthranilic acid 1-methyl-1-(4methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl ester; p2007

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Menth-1-en-8-yl anthranilate; 1-Methyl-1-(4methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl anthranilate; Terpinyl ortho-aminobenzoate; α-Terpinyl anthranilate; α,α,4-Trimethyl-3cyclohexene-1-methyl 2-aminobenzoate Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C17H23NO2 Properties: Pale yel. to cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 273.37; sp. gr. 1.05201.058; b.p. 365 C; acid no. 2.0 max.; ref. index 1.4800-1.4860 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS α-Terpinyl anthranilate. See Terpinyl anthranilate Terpinyl butyrate CAS 2153-28-8; EINECS/ELINCS 218-445-6 FEMA 3049 Synonyms: p-Menth-1-en-8-yl butyrate; 1Methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl butanoate; Methyl methylcyclohexenyl ethyl butrate; 1-Methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen1-yl) ethyl butyrate Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C14H24O2 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; sp. gr. 0.938; b.p. 244 C; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4650 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; may be irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Terpinyl cinnamate CAS 10024-56-3; EINECS/ELINCS 233-023-1 FEMA 3051 Synonyms: p-Menth-1-en-8-yl cinnamate; (Z)1-Methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl cinnamate; (S)-3-Phenyl-2-propenoic acid 1-methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

yl) ethyl ester; Terpinyl β-phenylacrylate; Terpinyl 3-phenylpropenoate Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C19H24O2 Properties: Colorless or pale straw-colored visc. liq.; mild, sweet, floral-balsamic odor; m.w. 284.40; misc. with oils, ethanol; insol. in water; b.p. 360 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com Terpinyl formate CAS 2153-26-6; EINECS/ELINCS 218-444-0 FEMA 3052 Synonyms: Formic acid 1-methyl-1-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl) ethyl ester; p-Menth-1-en8-ol formate; p-Menth-1-en-8-yl formate; 1Methyl-1-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl) ethyl methanoate Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C11H18O2 Properties: M.w. 182.27; dens. 0.981; b.p. 220 C; ref. index 1.4410 Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet, citrus-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Terpinyl isobutyrate CAS 7774-65-4; EINECS/ELINCS 231-878-5 FEMA 3050 Synonyms: p-Menth-1-en-8-yl isobutyrate; 1Methyl-1-(4-methylcyclohex-3-enyl) ethyl 2methylpropanoate; 2-Methylpropanoic acid 1-methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl ester; Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 1methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl ester Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C14H24O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq.; sol. in ethyl alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 224.38; sp. gr. 0.940- 0.950; b.p. 242 C 2008

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Terpinyl isopentanoate. See Terpinyl isovalerate Terpinyl isovalerate CAS 1142-85-4 FEMA 3054 Synonyms: Isovaleric acid para-menth-1-en-8yl ester; p-Menth-1-en-8-yl isovalerate; pMenth-1-en-8-yl 3-methyl butanoate; 1Methyl-1-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) ethyl 3-methyl butanoate; Terpinyl isopentanoate; Terpinyl isovalerianate Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C15H26O2 Properties: Colorless cl. oily liq.; m.w. 238.37; b.p. 248 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Terpinyl isovalerianate. See Terpinyl isovalerate Terpinyl β-phenylacrylate; Terpinyl 3phenylpropenoate. See Terpinyl cinnamate Terpinyl propionate CAS 80-27-3; EINECS/ELINCS 201-266-2 FEMA 3053 Synonyms: p-Mentha-1-en-8-ol propionate; Menthen-1-yl-8 propionate; p-Menth-1-en-8yl propionate; 1-Methyl-1-(4methylcyclohex-3-enyl) ethyl propanoate Classification: Floral ester Empirical: C13H22O2 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; green, woody, citrus, sweet floral, lavender-like odor; sol. in glycerin; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether, fixed oils; sl. sol. in propylene glycol; insol. in water; m.w. 210.32; dens. 0.944; flash pt. 212 F; ref. index 1.461 Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Terra alba. See Calcium sulfate dihydrate Tertiary calcium phosphate. See Calcium phosphate tribasic Tertiary magnesium phosphate. See Magnesium phosphate tribasic 1,3,5,7-Tetraazaadamantane; 1,3,5,7Tetraazatricyclo [3,3,1,1] decane. See Hexamethylenetetramine Tetraborate, pentahydrate. See Sodium tetraborate pentahydrate 1-Tetracosanol CAS 506-51-4; EINECS/ELINCS 208-043-9 Synonyms: Lignoceryl alcohol Classification: Fatty alcohol Empirical: C24H50O Formula: CH3(CH2)22CH2OH Properties: M.w. 354.66; m.p. 75-77 C; b.p. 190 C (0.01 mm Hg) Storage: Store in a tightly closed container @ 28C Uses: Ingred. in dietary supplements Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Sasol Germany http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Trade Names Containing: Lesstanol™ Natural Policosanol 60 Tetradecafluorohexane; nTetradecafluorohexane. See Perfluorohexane Tetradecanal; 1-Tetradecanal. See Myristaldehyde Tetradecanoic acid. See Myristic acid Tetradecanoic acid, aluminum salt. See Aluminum myristate Tetradecanoic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium myristate Tetradecanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl 2009

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference myristate Tetradecanoic acid isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl myristate Tetradecanoic acid, magnesium salt. See Magnesium myristate Tetradecanoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl myristate Tetradecanoic acid, 1-methylethyl ester. See Isopropyl myristate Tetradecanoic acid, monoester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 myristate Tetradecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl myristate Tetradecanoic acid, potassium salt. See Potassium myristate Tetradecanoic acid sodium salt. See Sodium myristate 1-Tetradecanol; N-Tetradecanol-1. See Myristyl alcohol Tetradecanol mixed isomers. See Myristyl alcohol mixed isomers n-Tetradecoic acid. See Myristic acid Tetradecyl alcohol; N-Tetradecyl alcohol. See Myristyl alcohol Tetradecyl alcohol mixed isomers. See Myristyl alcohol mixed isomers Tetradecyl aldehyde; 1-Tetradecyl aldehyde. See Myristaldehyde Tetradecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. See Myristalkonium chloride n-Tetradecyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride Uses: Antimicrobial in cane-sugar and beetsugar mills Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.320 Tetraethylene glycol. See PEG-4 Tetraethylenepentamine crosslinked with epichlorohydrin Uses: Ion exchange resin for food treatment; direct food additive; processing aid in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§173.25 Tetraglycerol monooleate. See Polyglyceryl-4 oleate Tetraglycerol monostearate. See Polyglyceryl-4 stearate Tetraglyceryl monooleate. See Polyglyceryl-4 oleate Tetraglyceryl monostearate. See Polyglyceryl-4 stearate Tetraglyceryl pentaoleate. See Polyglyceryl-4 pentaoleate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tetraglyceryl pentastearate. See Polyglyceryl-4 pentastearate Tetraglyceryl tristearate. See Polyglyceryl-4 tristearate Tetraglycol. See PEG-4 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylbenzofuran CAS 494-90-6; EINECS/ELINCS 207-795-5 FEMA 3235 Synonyms: Menthofuran Empirical: C10H14O Properties: Bluish liq.; menthol-like odor; sol. in oils; misc. with ethanol; insol. in water; m.w. 150.22; dens. 0.970; b.p. 196 C; flash pt. 168 F; ref. index 1.481-1.486 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; I. P. Callison http://www.ipcallison.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Tetrahydro-dimethyl benzofuran-2-one. See Menthalactone Tetrahydro-2,5-dioxofuran. See Succinic anhydride Tetrahydro-2-furancarbinol; Tetrahydro-2furanmethanol. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol acetate. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate Tetrahydro-2-furanone. See Butyrolactone Tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate CAS 637-64-9; EINECS/ELINCS 211-296-8 FEMA 3055 Synonyms: 2-Furanmethanol, tetrahydro-, acetate; Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol acetate Definition: Ester of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and acetic acid Empirical: C7H12O3 Formula: C4H7OCH2OOCCH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in water, alcohol, ether, chloroform; m.w. 144.17; sp.gr. 1.0581.064 (20/0 C); b.p. 193-195 C (753 mm); flash pt. (CC) 77 C; ref. index 1.434-1.440 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin; defats the skin; ing. may cause stomach pain, vomiting Environmental: Prevent contamination of water sources, sewers Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with 2010

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference strong oxidizing agents Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame; keep container tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol CAS 97-99-4; EINECS/ELINCS 202-625-6 FEMA 3056 Synonyms: Tetrahydro-2-furancarbinol; Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol; Tetrahydro-2furylmethanol; THFA Classification: Cyclic alcohol Empirical: C5H10O2 Formula: C4H7OCH2OH Properties: Colorless liq., mild odor; misc. with water, alcohol, ether, acetone, chloroform, benzene, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 102.14; dens. 1.053 (20/4 C); visc. 6.24 cp (20 C); vapor pressure 0.801 mm Hg; m.p. < -80 C; b.p. 173-177 C; flash pt. (TOC) 84 C; autoignition temp. 282 C; ref. index 1.453 (20 C); surf. tens. 37 dyne/cm; dielec. const. 13.61 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2500 mg/kg, (IV, rabbit) 725 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IV, IP routes; severe eye irritant; mod. irritating to skin, mucous membranes; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 1.50; ThOD 2.04 Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat, flame; explosive limit 1.5-9.7 vol.%; explosive as vapor exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with oxidizing materials; violent or explosive reaction with 3-nitro-Nbromophthalimide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105, 176.180, 176.210; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chemtura/Great Lakes http://www.chemtura.com/corporate/v/index .jsp?vgnextoid=2a497e765e59b010VgnVCM Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

10000052d7010aRCRD&vgn; Continental Ind. Group http://www.cigusa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Int'l. Furan Chems. Canada http://www.furan.com/; Interchem http://www.interchem.com; Penn Spec. Chems. http://www.pschem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate CAS 2217-33-6; 92345-48-7; EINECS/ELINCS 218-710-6 FEMA 3057 Synonyms: Butanoic acid (tetrahydro-2furanyl) methyl ester; Butyric acid tetrahydrofurfuryl ester; Tetrahydrofurfuryl methyl N-butyrate; Tetrahydro-2-furyl methyl butanoate; Tetrahydro-2-furyl methyl N-butanoate; (Tetrahydro-2-furyl) methyl butyrate Empirical: C9H16O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; m.w. 172.22; dens. 1.012; b.p. 225-227 C (759 mm); flash pt. 98.9 C; ref. index 1.4400 Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate CAS 65505-25-1 FEMA 3320 Synonyms: Tetrahydrofurfuryl 3-phenylprop2-enoate Empirical: C14H16O3 Properties: Colorless, sl, visc. liq.; sol. in oils and ethanol; insol. in water; m.w. 232.28; sp. gr. 1.107-1.113; b.p. > 300 C; acid no. 3 max.; ref. index 1.593-1.600 2011

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, baked goods Features: Sweet persistent balmy vinous odor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Tetrahydrofurfuryl methyl N-butyrate. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate Tetrahydrofurfuryl 3-phenylprop-2-enoate. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate Tetrahydrofurfuryl propionate CAS 637-65-0; EINECS/ELINCS 211-297-3 FEMA 3058 Synonyms: Propionic acid tetrahydrofurfuryl ester; Tetrahydro-2-furyl methyl propionate; 2-Tetrahydrofuryl methyl propionate Empirical: C8H14O3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 158.20; dens. 1.040; b.p. 207 C; flash pt. 198 F; ref. index 1.435-1.445 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Fruity, medicinal flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Tetrahydro-2-furylmethanol. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Tetrahydro-2-furyl methyl butanoate; Tetrahydro-2-furyl methyl N-butanoate; (Tetrahydro-2-furyl) methyl butyrate. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate Tetrahydro-2-furyl methyl propionate; 2Tetrahydrofuryl methyl propionate. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl propionate Tetrahydrogeraniol. See 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine; Tetrahydro-pisoxazine. See Morpholine Tetrahydrolinalool CAS 78-69-3; EINECS/ELINCS 201-133-9 FEMA 3060 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyloctane-3-ol; 3,7Dimethyl-3-octanol; 3,7-Dimethyloctan-3-ol; Linacsol; Linalool tetrahydride; 3-Octanol, 3,7-dimethylClassification: Nonaromatic alcohol Empirical: C10H22O Formula: C10H21OH Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq., floral odor; sol. in alcohol, fixed oils, hydrocarbon solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 158.29; sp.gr. 0.8300.840; dens. 0.923; b.p. 71-73 C (6 mm); flash pt. 183 F; ref. index 1.431; tenacity 2 hrs. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (oral, mouse) 4500 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing.; primary skin irritant; irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, strong acids, strong bases Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat, open flame; protect from light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Sweet floral fragrance and flavor, less herbaceous and woody than linalool Use Level: 1-20% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no.2-217); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown Capital http://www.crown-capital.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Millennium/F&F http://www.aromachem.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methylpropen-1-yl) pyran. See Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl1-propenyl)-2H-pyran Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-2H2012

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference pyran CAS 16409-43-1; EINECS/ELINCS 240-457-5 FEMA 3236 Synonyms: 2-Isobutenyl-4methyltetrahydropyran; 4-Methyl-2-(2methyl-1-propenyl) tetrahydro-2H-pyran; Pyran, 2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-4methyltetrahydro-; 2H-Pyran, tetrahydro-4methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-; Rosenoxide; Rose oxide; Rose oxide levo; Rosoxide; Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2methylpropen-1-yl) pyran Classification: Tetrahydropyran compd. Empirical: C10H18O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. liq.; floral, green, rosy, geranium fragrance; insol. in water; m.w. 154.28; sp.gr. 0.871-0.877; vapor dens. > 1; b.p. 230 C; flash pt. 64 C; ref. index 1.453-1.457 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4300 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; irritating to skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizers, iron, iron salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes, CO, CO2 NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, baked goods Regulatory: SARA §311/312 Fire Hazard; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Lothar Streeck http://www.lothar-streeck.de R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Tetrahydro-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one. See δHexalactone 2-(Tetrahydro-5-methyl-5-vinyl-2-furyl) propan-2ol. See Linalool oxide Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine; Tetrahydro-2H-1,4oxazine; Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-oxazine; Tetrahydro-p-oxazine. See Morpholine Tetrahydro-6-propyl-2H-pyran-2-one. See γOctalactone

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tetrahydro-pseudo-ionone CAS 4433-36-7; EINECS/ELINCS 224-634-4 FEMA 3059 Synonyms: Citronellyl acetone; Dihydrogeranyl acetone; 6,10-Dimethyl-9undecen-2-one; 3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-pseudoionone Empirical: C13H24O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; sol in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 196.33; sp. gr. 0.865-0.875; b.p. 234 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS 3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-pseudo-ionone. See Tetrahydro-pseudo-ionone 5,6,7,7a-Tetrahydro-3,6-trimethyl-2(4H)benzofuranone. See Menthalactone Tetrahydro-α,α-5-trimethyl-5-vinylfurfuryl alcohol. See Linalool oxide Tetrahydroxybutane. See Erythritol 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxy-pentanal. See D(+)-Xylose 2´,4´,5´,7´-Tetraiodofluorescein disodium salt; Tetraiodofluorescein sodium salt. See FD&C Red No. 3 38-[4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenoxy]3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33,36dodecaoxaoctatriacontan-1-ol. See Octoxynol-13 2-[p-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl) phenoxy] ethanol. See Octoxynol-1 4-(2,5,6,6-Tetramethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-yl)-3buten-2-one. See α-Irone Tetramethyl ethylcyclohexenone CAS 977045-69-4 FEMA 3061 Definition: Mixt. of 5-ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethyl-2cyclohexen-1-one and 5-ethyl-3,4,5,6tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-1,6,10,14hexadecatetraene-3-ol; (E,E)-3,7,11,15Tetramethyl-1,6,10,14-hexadecatetraen-3-ol. See Geranyl linalool Tetramethyl-1-oxaspiro-6-decene; 2,6,10,10Tetramethyl-1-oxaspiro [4.5] dec-6-ene. See Theaspirane 2-(2,3,5,6-Tetramethylphenoxy) propionic acid. See 3,3´-Thiodipropionic acid Tetramethyl pyrazine. See 2,3,5,62013

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Tetramethylpyrazine 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine CAS 1124-11-4; EINECS/ELINCS 214-391-2 FEMA 3237 Synonyms: Tetramethyl pyrazine Classification: 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic Empirical: C8H12N2 Properties: Wh. crystals or powder; nutty, roast burnt odor; sol. in most org. solvs.; m.w. 136.22; vapor dens. 4.7; m.p. 72-78 C; b.p. 8486 C; flash pt. (CC) > 99 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1910 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 800 µg/kg, (IV, mouse) 239 mg/kg; poison by IP and IV routes; mod. toxic by ing.; irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear protective gloves, splashproof goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers, acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx, COx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Chocolate flavor Use Level: Traces Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 5-951); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/

2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-(4´,8´,12´trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanol acetate. See d-α-Tocopheryl acetate 2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-6chromanol acetate. See dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate Tetraoleic acid, tetraester with decaglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate Tetrapotassium diphosphate. See Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate Tetrapotassium ferrocyanide; Tetrapotassium hexacyanoferrate; Tetrapotassium hexacyanoferrate (II); Tetrapotassium hexacyanoferrate (4-). See Potassium ferrocyanide

2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-(4´,8´,12´trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanol. See D-αTocopherol

Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate CAS 7320-34-5; EINECS/ELINCS 230-785-7 INS450(v) Synonyms: Diphosphoric acid tetrapotassium salt; Potassium diphosphate; Potassium pyrophosphate; Potassium pyrophosphate, normal; Tetrapotassium diphosphate; TKPP Classification: Inorganic phosphate salt Empirical: K4O7P2 Formula: K4(PO3OPO3) Properties: Wh. gran. or colorless cryst.; odorless; very sol. in water forming alkaline sol'ns.; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 330.4; sp.gr. 2.33; m.p. 1090 C; pH 10.5 (1%) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2980 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 7940 mg/kg; nuisance dust; can cause skin and eye irritation; ing. may cause diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, cramps, abdominal pain; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong acids (may react violently); hydrolyzes to phosphate under acidic conditions; hydrolyzes slowly in neutral aq. sol'n. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. can produce toxic fumes of POx and potassium oxide Storage: Deliq., hygroscopic; store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight, away from incompat. materials, in dust-tight containers; avoid generating mists Uses: Sequestrant, emulsifier, pH control agent, raising agent, water retention agent, suspending agent, texturizer, alkaline agent in foods; flume wash water additive for sugar beets; moisture binder in meat treating; alkaline agent, raising agent in foods (Japan)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2014

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.315; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Brenntag Southeast Brenntag Specialties; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prayon Inc http://www.prayon.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs.; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Solutia http://www.solutia.com; http://www.coatings-solutia.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com; Telechem Int'l. http://www.arrayit.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Tetrapropylene. See Dodecene-1 Tetrasodium 1-acetamido-2-hydroxy-3-(4-((4sulfonatophenylazo)-7-sulfonato-1naphthylazo)) naphthalene-4,6-disulfonate. See Brilliant black 1 Tetrasodium diphosphate. See Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Tetrasodium edetate. See Tetrasodium EDTA Tetrasodium EDTA CAS 64-02-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-573-9 Synonyms: Acetic acid, (ethylenedinitrilo) tetra-, tetrasodium salt; Edathanil tetrasodium; Edetate sodium; Edetic acid tetrasodium salt; EDTA Na4; EDTA sodium salt; EDTA tetrasodium salt; N,N´-1,2Ethanediylbis (N-(carboxymethyl)) glycine tetrasodium salt; Ethylenebis (iminodiacetic acid) tetrasodium salt; N,N´Ethylenediaminediacetic acid tetrasodium salt; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sodium salt; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, tetrasodium salt; Sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; Tetrasodium edetate; Tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate; Tetrasodium (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetate Classification: Substituted amine Definition: Powdered sodium salt that reacts with metals Empirical: C10H12N2O8 • 4Na Formula: (NaOOCCH2)2NCH2CH2N(CH2COONa)2 Properties: Wh. amorphous powd.; freely sol. in water; m.w. 380.20; dens. 6.9 lb/gal; m.p. > 300 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 330 mg/kg; poison by IP route; primary irritant; skin and eye irritant; can deplete the body of calcium if taken internally; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Boiler water additive (food contact); flume wash water additive for washing/lye peeling of fruits/vegetables; poultry scald agent Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.310, 173.315, 175.105, 175.125, 175.300, 176.150, 176.170, 176.210, 177.2800, 178.1010, 178.3120, 178.3910; Canada DSL; USDA 9CFR §381.147; FDA approved for injectables (IM, IV), inhalants, ophthalmics, orals, topicals Manuf./Distrib.: Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Bimal Pharma Chem Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Burlington Chem. http://www.burco.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chemplex Chems. http://www.chemplexchemicals.com Ciba Spec. Chems. Switzerland http://www.cibasc.com; Complex Quimica SA http://www.complexquimica.com; Contract Chems. Ltd http://www.contractchemicals.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Hampshire; Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. 2015

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.jarchem.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com Tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate; Tetrasodium (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetate. See Tetrasodium EDTA Tetrasodium pyrophosphate CAS 7722-88-5; 13472-36-1 (decahydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 231-767-1 INS450(iii) Synonyms: Diphosphoric acid tetrasodium salt; Sodium diphosphate; Sodium pyrophosphate; n-Sodium pyrophosphate; Sodium tetrapyrophosphate; Tetrasodium diphosphate; TSPP Classification: Inorganic phosphate salt Empirical: Na4O7P2 Formula: Na4 • (PO3OPO3) Properties: Wh. cryst. powd., gran.; sol. 8 g/100 g water; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 265.91; dens. 2.534; m.p. 988 C; pH 10.2 (1%) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 4000 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 59 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 100 mg/kg; poison by ing., IP, IV, subcut. routes; not a cholinesterase inhibitor; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong acids (may react violently); may attack aluminum, iron, and other reactive metals; hydrolyzes under acidic conditions; slowly hydrolyzes in neutral aq. sol'n. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of POx, phosphine, and/or Na2O HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight in dust-tight containers; avoid generating mist or dust Uses: Sequestrant, emulsifier, buffer, nutrient, dietary supplement, stabilizer, pH control agent, raising agent, water retention agent in foods, cheeses; dispersant in malted milk; coagulant in instant puddings; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

crystallization inhibitor in tuna fish; boiler water additive (food contact); stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 173.310, 175.210, 175.300, 181.22, 181.29, 182.70, 182.6787, 182.6789, GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for buccals, dentals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; FMC http://www.fmcchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; ICL Performance Prods. http://www.astaris.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; Prayon Inc http://www.prayon.com; Rhodia/Phosphorus Perf. Derivs. Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Seeler Ind. http://www.seeler.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Veckridge; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Curafos® Optibind; Lacticol® CFT; Lacticol® F336; Lem-OFos® 101; Nutrifos® L-50 Tetryl formate. See Isobutyl formate Teucrium chamaedrys; Teucrium chamaedrys extract. See Germander (Teucrium chamaedrys) extract Teucrium scorodonia; Teucrium scorodonia extract. See Germander (Teucrium scorodonia) extract TG enzyme. See Transglutaminase Thaumatin CAS 53850-34-3 FEMA 3732; INS957; E957 Synonyms: Katemfe; Talin 2016

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: Protein Definition: Purified from African fruit of Thaumatococcus danielli Properties: Sweet taste, licorice aftertaste; strongly cationic; m.w. ≈ 22,000; relatively stable in sol'n. and on heating Toxicology: No adverse effects in short-term tests; not allergenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic Uses: Flavoring agent, flavor enhancer, nonnutritive sweetener in foods, chewing gum, savory flavors, dairy prods., animal feeds, pet foods Features: 750-1600 times sweeter than sucrose on wt. basis; synergistic with saccharin, acesulfame K Regulatory: UK, Japan approved; permitted in U.S. as flavor enhancer in chewing gum; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Kaden Biochems. http://www.kadenbio.com; Research Organix http://www.researchorganix.com Trade Names: Talin® THBP. See 2,4,5-Trihydroxybutyrophenone Thearic acid. See L-Tartaric acid Thea sinensis extract. See Tea (Thea sinensis) extract; Camellia sinensis extract Theaspirane CAS 36431-72-8; EINECS/ELINCS 253-031-9 FEMA 3774 Synonyms: 1-Oxaspiro-2,6,10,10tetramethyl(4.5)dec-6-ene; Tetramethyl-1oxaspiro-6-decene; 2,6,10,10-Tetramethyl-1oxaspiro [4.5] dec-6-ene Empirical: C13H22O Properties: Colorless cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 194.32; dens. 0.931; b.p. 68-72 C (3 mm); flash pt. 95 F; ref. index 1.48001.4950 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, ice cream, puddings, beverages, dairy prods., jams, jellies, hard candy, chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Theine. See Caffeine 1H-Theino (3,4-d) imidazole-4-pentanoic acid, hexahydro-2-oxo-, (3aS-(3a-α-4-β,6a-α))-. See d-Biotin Theobroma cacao; Theobroma cacao butter. See Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) butter Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Theobroma cacao extract. See Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) extract Theobroma oil. See Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) butter Theobromine CAS 83-67-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-494-2 FEMA 3591 Synonyms: 3,7-Dihydro-3,7-dimethyl-1Hpurine-2,6-dione; 2,6-Dihydroxy-3,7dimethylpurine; 3,7-Dimethylxanthine; Diurobromine; Santheose; Teobromin; Theosalvose; Theostene; Thesal; Thesodate Empirical: C7H8N4O2 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; odorless; bitter taste; sol. in conc. acids, dil. min. acids; mod. sol. in ammonia; sol. < 1 mg/ml in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol, methanol, acetone, toluene; pract. insol. in CCl4, ether, benzene; m.w. 180.17; m.p. 290-295 C; b.p. 295 C (subl.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1265 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1 gm/kg, (subcut., mouse) 530 mg/kg; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by subcut. route; human systemic effects by ing.; ing. of lg. doses may cause nausea, vomiting, anorexia, loss of appetite, CNS and GI effects; experimental teratogen; experimental reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; target organs: male reproductive system, kidneys; TSCA listed Precaution: Probably combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store @ ambient temps.; may be lightsensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, soft candy, puddings, dairy prods., confectionery, frostings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Moravek Biochems.

2017

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.moravek.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Theosalvose; Theostene. See Theobromine Thermal acetylene black; Thermal atomic black; Thermal black. See Carbon black Thermal process phosphoric acid. See Phosphoric acid Thesal; Thesodate. See Theobromine THFA. See Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol 1-Thia-3-azaindene. See Benzothiazole Thiaben. See Thiabendazole Thiabendazole CAS 148-79-8; EINECS/ELINCS 205-725-8 INS233; E233 Synonyms: 4-(2-Benzimidazolyl) thiazol; TBZ; Thiaben; 2-(4-Thiazolyl) benzimidazole; 2(Thiazol-4-yl) benzimidazole Empirical: C10H7N3S Properties: Colorless cryst. powd.; odorless; sol. in DMF, DMSO; sl. sol. in alcohol, esters, chlorinated hydrocarbons, water, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 201.25; m.p. 300 C (subl.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3100 mg/kg; toxic; harmful if swallowed; may irritate skin; experimental teratogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear splash goggles, dust respirator, and lab coat; avoid contact with eyes and skin HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep in a tightly sealed container in a dry, well-ventilated place away from extreme heat and strong oxidizing agents Uses: Preservative, fungicide in foods; systemic fungicide for citrus fruits Regulatory: SARA reportable; Europe listed; UK approved Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Goldlink Industries http://www.goldlinkindustries.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com 2-Thiabutane. See Methyl ethyl sulfide 4-Thiaheptanedioic acid. See 3,3´Thiodipropionic acid Thiamin. See Thiamine Thiamin chloride. See Thiamine HCl Thiamine CAS 59-43-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-425-3 Synonyms: 3-((4-Amino-2-methyl-5Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pyrimidinyl) methyl)-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4methylthiazolium chloride; Aneurine; Oryzanin; Oryzanine; Thiamin; Thiamine chloride; Thiamine monochloride; Vitamin B1 Empirical: C12H17ClN4OS Properties: Cryst.; m.w. 300.84; m.p. 120-122 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (subcut., mouse) 301 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, mouse) 70 mg/kg; poison by subcut. and IV routes; high oral doses may cause gastric upsets; reproductive effector; experimental teratogen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx, SOx and Cl– Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in enriched flours; vitamin enrichment additive in animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 107.100, 136.115, 137.165, 137.185, 137.260, 137.305, 137.350, 139.115, 139.117, 139.122, 139.155, 173.185; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF http://www.basf.com; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; CoKEM Assoc.; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; GDL Int'l. http://www.gdlinternational.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com 2018

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de Particle Dynamics http://www.particledynamics.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com; Wego Chem. & Min. http://www.wegochem.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Thiamine chloride. See Thiamine Thiamine chloride hydrochloride; Thiamine dichloride. See Thiamine HCl Thiamine HCl CAS 67-03-8; EINECS/ELINCS 200-641-8 FEMA 3322 Synonyms: Aneurine hydrochloride; Thiamin chloride; Thiamine chloride hydrochloride; Thiamine dichloride; Thiamine hydrochloride; Thiamin hydrochloride; Thiaminium chloride hydrochloride; Vitamin B1 hydrochloride Definition: Chloride-hydrochloride salt of thiamine Empirical: C12H18Cl2N4OS Formula: C12H17ClN4OS • HCl Properties: Small wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., nutlike odor; sol. in water, glycerol; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether, benzene; m.w. 337.30; m.p. 248 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 8224 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 89 mg/kg; poison by IV, IP routes; mildly toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Precaution: The vitamin is destroyed by alkalis and alkaline drugs and by oxidizing and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of HCl, Cl–, SOx, NOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Direct food additive; flavoring agent, adjuvant, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, enriched flours, infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1875, GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF http://www.basf.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Thiamine Hydrochloride USP, FCC Trade Names Containing: Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid; Creta Plus; RichPak® Thiamine hydrochloride. See Thiamine HCl Thiamine monochloride. See Thiamine Thiamine mononitrate. See Thiamine nitrate Thiamine nitrate CAS 532-43-4; EINECS/ELINCS 208-537-4 Synonyms: 3-[(4-Amino-2-methyl-5pyrimidinyl)methyl]-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4methylthiazolium nitrate; Aneurine 2019

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference mononitrate; Thiamine mononitrate; Thiamin nitrate; Vitamin B1 mononitrate; Vitamin B1 nitrate Classification: Organic compd. Definition: Mononitrate salt of thiamine Empirical: C12H17N5O4S Formula: C12H17N4OS • NO3 Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., sl. char. odor; pract. nonhygroscopic; sol. 2.7 g/100 ml water; sl. sol. in alcohol, chloroform; m.w. 327.36; m.p. 196-200 C (dec.); pH 6.5-7.1 (2% aq.) Toxicology: LD50 (IV, rabbit) 113 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 387 mg/kg; poison by IV and IP routes; TSCA listed Precaution: Powerful oxidizer Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of NOx and SOx HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, enrichment of flour mixes, infant formulas Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1878, GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; BASF AG http://www.basf.de BASF http://www.basf.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; CoKEM Assoc.; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; GDL Int'l. http://www.gdlinternational.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SK Fortified; Bioblend # 7; Bonus Blend; Bulgur Enrichment; Descote® Thiamine Mononitrate 331/3% Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Domestic CM Enrichment with Folic Acid; Enrichment Tablet with Folic Acid; Export Masa Enrichment; F E Blend K with Folic Acid; Macaroni Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid Pro-Fam® 976; Rocoat® Thiamine Mononitrate 331/3% Thiamin hydrochloride; Thiaminium chloride hydrochloride. See Thiamine HCl Thiamin nitrate. See Thiamine nitrate 5-Thianonane. See Butyl sulfide Thia-4-pentanal. See 3Methylthiopropionaldehyde 2-Thiapropane. See Dimethyl sulfide Thiazole CAS 288-47-1; EINECS/ELINCS 206-021-3 FEMA 3615 Empirical: C3H3NS Properties: Colorless or pale yel. liq.; foul odor; sol. in ether, 95% ethanol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 85.12; dens. 1.1998; b.p. 116.8 C; flash pt. 22 C; ref. index 1.5380 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 983 mg/kg; harmful liq. and fumes; harmful by inh., ing., skin contact; may cause eye/skin irritation; may cause nausea, headache, vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; vapor may flash back; container explosion may occur under fire conditions; forms explosive mixts. in air; incompat. with acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, strong oxidizing agents, CO2 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp. may produce CO, CO2, NOx, SOx; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat, sparks, open flame, ignition sources Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, meats, nut prods., reconstituted vegetables, imitation dairy prods., chewing gum, seasonings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Oakwood Prods. http://www.oakwoodchemical.com; SAFC 2020

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Thiazole, 2-isobutyl-. See 2-Isobutylthiazole Thiazole, 4-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-. See 2Isopropyl-4-methyl thiazole Thiazole, 2-(2-methylpropyl)-. See 2Isobutylthiazole Thiazole, 2,4,5-tridecen-1-al. See Trimethyl thiazole 2-(4-Thiazolyl) benzimidazole; 2-(Thiazol-4-yl) benzimidazole. See Thiabendazole 2-Thienyl mercaptan CAS 7774-74-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-881-1 FEMA 3062 Synonyms: 2-Mercaptothiophene; 2Thienylthiol; 2-Thiophenethiol; Thiophene2-thiol Empirical: C4H4S2 Properties: Ylsh. or colorless oily liq.; sl. sol. in water; sol. in alcohol; m.w. 116.21; b.p. 166 C; flash pt. (TCC) 150 F Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Caramellic and burnt coffee odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2-Thienylthiol. See 2-Thienyl mercaptan Thioallyl ether. See Allyl sulfide Thiobenzyl alcohol. See Benzyl mercaptan 1,1´-Thiobisbutane. See Butyl sulfide Thiobis (dodecyl propionate). See Dilauryl thiodipropionate Thiobismethane. See Dimethyl sulfide 3,3´-Thiobis (propanoic acid). See 3,3´Thiodipropionic acid 3,3´-Thiobispropanoic acid, didodecyl ester. See Dilauryl thiodipropionate 3,3´-Thiobispropanoic acid, dioctadecyl ester. See Distearyl thiodipropionate 3,3´-Thiobis-1-propene. See Allyl sulfide Thiobutanol; Thiobutylalcohol. See n-Butyl mercaptan o-Thiocresol CAS 137-06-4; EINECS/ELINCS 205-276-8 UN 1228 (DOT); UN 3071 (DOT); FEMA 3240 Synonyms: o-Mercaptotoluene; 2Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methylbenzenethiol; o-Methylbenzenethiol; 2-Methylmercaptobenzene; 2-Methylphenyl mercaptan; o-Methylphenylthiol; 2Methylthiophenol; o-Methylthiophenol; 2Toluenethiol; o-Toluenethiol; o-Tolyl mercaptan Classification: Aromatic mercaptan Empirical: C7H8S Properties: Wh. to ylsh. moist cryst. or liq.; musty odor; sol. in ethanol, ether, common org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 124.21; dens. 1.054; m.p. 15 C; b.p. 194.2 C; flash pt. (CC) 63 C; pH very sl. acidic Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 100 mg/kg; poison by IP route; ing. may cause GI tract irritation; inh. of vapors can irritate nose, throat, airways, and lungs and cause nausea, headache, and vomiting; severe exposure can probably cause severe lung damage or death; skin and eye irritant; absorbed thru skin in toxic amts.; liq. can probably cause severe eye irritation or injury; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, SOx, hydrogen sulfide Uses: Flavoring agent in baked goods, sauces, soups Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Nantong ChangChem http://www.changchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Thioctacid; Thioctan. See Thioctic acid Thioctic acid CAS 62-46-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-534-6 Synonyms: ALA; 1,2-Dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid; 1,2-Dithiolane-3-valeric acid; 5-(1,2Dithiolan-3-yl) valeric acid; 6,8Dithiooctanoic acid; Lipoic acid; α-Lipoic acid; α-Liponic acid; Lipothion; Thioctacid; Thioctan; 6-Thioctic acid; 6,8-Thioctic acid; Thioctidase; Thioctsan; Thiooctanoic acid; 6-Thiotic acid; 6,8-Thiotic acid Empirical: C8H14O2S2 Properties: Ylsh. cryst. powd.; sol. in fat and water; m.w. 206.34; m.p. 61.2 C Uses: Dietary supplement in the food industry Manuf./Distrib.: Nantong ChangChem 2021

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.changchem.com; Peakchem http://www.peakchem.com/ Trade Names: Lipoec® 6-Thioctic acid; 6,8-Thioctic acid; Thioctidase; Thioctsan. See Thioctic acid Thiodipropionic acid. See 3,3´-Thiodipropionic acid 3,3´-Thiodipropionic acid CAS 111-17-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-841-3 INS388 Synonyms: Bis (2-carboxyethyl) sulfide; Diethyl sulfide-2,2´-dicarboxylic acid; TDPA; 2-(2,3,5,6-Tetramethylphenoxy) propionic acid; 4-Thiaheptanedioic acid; 3,3´-Thiobis (propanoic acid); Thiodipropionic acid; β,β´-Thiodipropionic acid; Thiohydracrylic acid Classification: Dicarboxylic acid Empirical: C6H10O4S Formula: HOOCCH2CH2-S-CH2CH2COOH Properties: Wh. powd. or nacreous leaflets; very sol. in alcohol, hot water, acetone; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 178.22; m.p. 135 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3980 mg/kg; irritant; poison by IP, IV routes; mod. toxic by ing.; skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Preservative, antioxidant in foods; antioxidant migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 177.1010, 178.2010, 181.24 (0.005% migrating from food pkg.), 182.3109 (0.02% max. of fat or oil), GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Hampshire; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium β,β´-Thiodipropionic acid. See 3,3´Thiodipropionic acid Thiodipropionic acid dilauryl ester. See Dilauryl thiodipropionate Thiodipropionic acid, distearyl ester. See Distearyl thiodipropionate Thiogeraniol CAS 39067-80-6; EINECS/ELINCS 254-269-6 FEMA 3472 Synonyms: 3,7-Dimethyl-octa-2,6-diene-1thiol; 3,7-Dimethyl-2 (trans),6-octadiene-1Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thiol; 3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-thiol; 3,7Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl mercaptan Classification: Nonaromatic mercaptan Empirical: C10H18S Properties: Yel. to orange liq.; m.w. 170.32; sp.gr. 0.903-0.921; b.p. 58 C (0.35 mm Hg); flash pt. 60 C; ref. index 1.503-1.513 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, condiments, pickles, preserves, spreads Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ n-Thioheptyl alcohol. See 1-Hexanethiol Thiohydracrylic acid. See 3,3´-Thiodipropionic acid Thiolactic acid (INCI); 2-Thiolactic acid. See 2Mercaptopropionic acid Thiomenthone. See p-Mentha-8-thiol-3-one Thiomethanol; Thiomethyl alcohol. See Methyl mercaptan Thionaphthol; 2-Thionaphthol; Thio-β-naphthol; β-Thionaphthol. See 2-Naphthalenethiol Thiooctanoic acid. See Thioctic acid 2-Thiophenethiol; Thiophene-2-thiol. See 2Thienyl mercaptan Thiophenol CAS 108-98-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-635-3 UN 2337; FEMA 3616 Synonyms: Benzenethiol; Mercaptobenzene; Phenyl mercaptan; TP Classification: Aromatic organic compd. Empirical: C6H6S Formula: C6H5SH Properties: Water-wh. liq., repulsive penetrating garlic-like odor; very sol. in alcohol; sol. in oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; misc. with ether, benzene, CS2; insol. in water; m.w. 110.04; dens. 1.0728 (25/4 C); m.p. 70 C; b.p. 169.5 C; flash pt. 55 C; ref. index 1.58603 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 46 mg/kg, (skin, rat) 300 mg/kg; TLV/TWA 0.5 ppm; toxic by inhalation, skin contact, ing.; severe eye irritant; causes burns; exposure may cause headache and dizziness; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; DOT: Flamm. liq. and poison; oxidizes in air to the disulfide; 2022

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference incompat. with acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, meats, soft candy, puddings, beverages, alcoholic beverages, condiments, relishes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Sumitomo Seika http://www.sumitomoseika.co.jp; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Thiopropane; 2-Thiopropane. See Dimethyl sulfide n-Thiopropyl alcohol. See Propyl mercaptan Thiosulfuric acid disodium salt. See Sodium thiosulfate anhydrous Thiosulfuric acid disodium salt pentahydrate. See Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate 6-Thiotic acid; 6,8-Thiotic acid. See Thioctic acid Thomas balsam. See Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) Thr; Threonine. See L-Threonine L-Threonine CAS 72-19-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-774-1 Synonyms: 2-Amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid; αAmino-β-hydroxybutyric acid; L-2-Amino-3hydroxybutyric acid; Thr; Threonine Classification: Essential amino acid Empirical: C4H9NO3 Formula: CH3CHOHCHNH2COOH Properties: Colorless cryst. or wh. cryst. powd.; sl. sweet taste; very sol. in hot water; sol. in water; insol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; m.w. 119.12; m.p. 255-257 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 3098 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320 (5.0% max.); Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Anmar Int'l. http://www.anmarinternational.com Bachem http://bachem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; MonomerPolymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Thuja occidentalis; Thuja occidentalis bark extract. See Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) extract Thuja oil. See Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil Thuya occidentalis; Thuya occidentalis bark extract. See Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) extract Thyme. See Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Thyme camphor. See Thymol Thyme extract. See Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract Thyme extract, creeping. See Wild thyme (Thymus serpillum) extract Thyme extract, white. See Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract Thyme extract, wild. See Wild thyme (Thymus serpillum) extract Thyme oil. See Thyme oil red Thyme oil red CAS 8007-46-3; EINECS/ELINCS 284-535-7 FEMA 3064, 3065 Synonyms: Red thyme oil; Spanish thyme oil; Thyme oil; Thyme oil red; Thyme oil, white; Thymus vulgaris; Thymus vulgaris oil; White thyme oil 2023

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Definition: Oil from Thymus vulgaris and T. zygis, contg. thymol, carvacrol Properties: Reddish-yel. liq.; insol. in water; sol. in 70% ethanol; sp.gr. 0.915-0.935; flash pt. (CC) 80 C; ref. index 1.495-1.520 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4700 mg/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; severe skin irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep cool, well closed; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent Use Level: < 2% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Charabot USA http://www.charabot.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chrhansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/ Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; U.S. Synthetics; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Thyme oil red; Thyme oil, white. See Thyme oil red Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) CAS 977052-36-0 FEMA 3063 Synonyms: Common thyme; Garden thyme; Thyme; Thymus vulgaris Definition: Dried leaves and flowering tops of Thymus vulgaris Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, baked goods, meats, soups, sauces; digestion aid for fatty foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract CAS 84929-51-1; EINECS/ELINCS 284-535-7 Synonyms: Thyme extract; Thyme extract, white; Thymus vulgaris; Thymus vulgaris extract; White thyme extract Definition: Extract of the leaves and flowers of Thymus vulgaris Properties: Dk. semisolid with characteristic odor and red thyme taste; sol. in veg. oil Toxicology: May cause contact dermatitis and hay fever Storage: Store in tight full container in a cool, dark and dry place Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Cosmetochem Int'l. http://www.cosmetochem.com/ Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com; Destilerias Munoz Galvez http://www.dmg.es/; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Gattefosse http://www.gattefossecorp.com; PureWorld Botanicals http://www.pureworld.com Strahl & Pitsch http://www.strahlpitsch.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Thymic acid. See Thymol

2024

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Thymol CAS 89-83-8; 3228-03-3 (m-); EINECS/ELINCS 201-944-8 FEMA 3066 Synonyms: 3-p-Cymenol; p-Cymen-3-ol; 3Hydroxy-p-cymene; 3-Hydroxy-1-methyl-4isopropylbenzene; Isopropyl cresol; 6Isopropyl-m-cresol; Isopropyl-m-cresol; Isopropyl metacresol; 2-Isopropyl-5methylphenol; 1-Methyl-3-hydroxy-4isopropylbenzene; 5-Methyl-2isopropylphenol; 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl) phenol; Phenol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-; Thyme camphor; Thymic acid; m-Thymol Classification: Aromatic organic compd.; substituted phenol Empirical: C10H14O Formula: (CH3)2CHC6H3(CH3)OH Properties: Colorless translucent cryst.; herbal, medicinal odor; pungent caustic taste; very sol. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, olive oil; sol. in water, alkali, glac. acetic acid, fixed/volatile oils, oxygenated and chlorinated solvs.; m.w. 150.24; dens. 0.972; vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (64 C); m.p. 51 C; b.p. 233 C; flash pt. 216 F; ref. index 1.523; tenacity > 1 wk. on blotter Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 980 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 100 mg/kg; LDLo (subcut., rat) 1600 mg/kg; poison by ing., IV, IP; mod. toxic by subcut. route; local irritant; allergen; accumulation of toxic levels causes pulmonary edema; experimental reproductive effector; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; affected by light; incompat. with acetanilide Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Medicinal flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 175.105; 27CFR §21.65, 21.151; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for buccals, inhalants; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Australia; Canada DSL; Japan ENCS (no. 3-521); Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Barnet Prods. http://www.barnetproducts.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Creative Fragrances http://www.creativefragrances.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Kishida Chem. http://www.kishida.co.jp; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ m-Thymol. See Thymol o-Thymol. See Carvacrol Thymus capitatus; Thymus capitatus oil. See Origanum oil Thymus mastichina; Thymus mastichina oil. See Marjoram (Thymus mastichina) oil Thymus serpillum; Thymus serpillum extract; Thymus serpyllum; Thymus serpyllum extract. See Wild thyme (Thymus serpillum) extract Thymus vulgaris; Thymus vulgaris extract. See Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract Thymus vulgaris oil. See Thyme oil red Tigic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl tiglate Tiglic acid CAS 80-59-1; EINECS/ELINCS 201-295-0 UN 3621 (DOT); FEMA 3599 2025

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, (E)-; Cevadic acid; Crotonic acid, 2-methyl-, (E)-; 2,3-Dimethylacrylic acid; (E)-2,3Dimethylacrylic acid; trans-2,3Dimethylacrylic acid; trans-α,βDimethylacrylic acid; 2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid; (E)-2-Methylbut-2-enoic acid; trans-2Methyl-2-butenoic acid; α-Methylcrotonic acid; (E)-2-Methyl crotonic acid; trans-2Methyl crotonic acid; Tiglinic acid Classification: Volatile acid Definition: A thick syrupy liq. derived from croton oil; the stable isomer of angelic acid Empirical: C5H8O2 Formula: CH3CH:C(CH3)COOH Properties: Wh. to off-wh. cryst. solid; char. spicy, cake-like, caramel, woody odor; freely sol. in hot water; sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in cold water; volatile with steam; m.w. 100.12; sp.gr. 0.969-0.972; m.p. 61-67 C; b.p. 198.4 C; flash pt. (CC) > 100 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; corrosive; causes burns; vesicant; irritating to eyes, skin; harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; extremely destructive to tissue of mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, skin, eyes; inh. may cause spasm/inflamm./edema of larynx/bronchi, chem. pneumonitis, pulmonary edema; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: DOT: Corrosive solid, acidic, organic, n.o.s.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, bases, reducing agents; in powd. form, capable of creating a dust explosion Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion or decomp.: toxic fumes of CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, ignition sources, naked flame; refrigerate Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Regulatory: EINECS, Australia AICS, China, Canada DSL, ECL, ENCS, Philippines PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Hofmen Int'l. http://www.hofmeninternational.com; Interchim http://www.interchim.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Tiglic acid isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl tiglate Tiglinic acid. See Tiglic acid Tilia americana; Tilia americana extract. See Linden (Tilia americana) extract Tilia cordata; Tilia cordata extract. See Linden (Tilia cordata) extract Tilia flowers. See Linden flowers Tilia vulgaris; Tilia vulgaris extract. See Linden (Tilia vulgaris) extract Tilly drops. See Cade oil Timnodonic acid. See Eicosapentaenoic acid Tin (II) chloride (1:2); Tin (II) chloride anhydrous. See Stannous chloride anhydrous Tin (II) chloride dihydrate; Tin (II) chloride dihydrate (1:2:2). See Stannous chloride dihydrate Tin crystals. See Stannous chloride anhydrous Tincture of orange. See Orange tincture Tin dichloride; Tin protochloride; Tin salt. See Stannous chloride anhydrous Tioserine. See L-Cysteine Tirpilene. See α-Terpinene Tissue transglutaminase. See Transglutaminase Titania; Titanic acid anhydride; Titanic anhydride; Titanic earth; Titanic oxide. See Titanium dioxide Titanium dioxide CAS 1317-80-2; 13463-67-7; EINECS/ELINCS 236-675-5 INS171; E171 Synonyms: CI 77891; Pigment white 6; Titania; Titanic acid anhydride; Titanic anhydride; Titanic earth; Titanic oxide; Titanium oxide; Titanium peroxide; Titanium white Classification: Inorganic oxide Definition: Two crystalline forms: anatase and 2026

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference rutile Empirical: O2Ti Formula: TiO2 Properties: Wh. amorphous powd., odorless, tasteless; sol. in HF, hot conc. H2SO4; insol. in water, HCl, HNO3, dil. H2SO4; m.w. 79.90; dens. 3.90 (anatase), 4.23 (rutile); m.p. 1855 C; Anatase: dens. 3.90; bulking value 0.031 gal/lb; oil absorp. 24; Rutile: dens. 4.23 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 of total dust (when toxic impurities not present); TCLo (inh., rat) 250 mg/m3; nuisance dust; common air contaminant; human skin irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental carcinogen, neoplastigen, tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Violent or incandescent reaction with metals (e.g., aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc, lithium) HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Colorant in foods, confectionery panned goods, cheeses, icings; mfg. of food pkg. paper/paperboard Features: White color; strong anti-ozone chars. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.575, 73.1575, 73.2575, 73.3126, 175.105, 175.210, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1350, 177.1400, 177.1460, 177.1650, 177.1680, 177.2260, 177.2355, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3297, 181.22, 181.30; Canada DSL; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; Japan restricted as colorant; Europe listed; UK approved; prohibited in Germany; FDA approved for ophthalmics, orals, topicals, exempt from certification, permanently listed; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADM Arkady http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Arch Personal Care Prods. http://www.archchemicals.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BASF http://www.basf.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Bayer NV http://www.bayer.be; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Brøste http://www.broste.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de Chemcentral http://www.chemcentral.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com DuPont http://www.dupont.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Emerald Hilton Davis; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Freund Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.freund.co.jp; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Huntsman Tioxide Am. http://www.huntsman.com/tioxide/; ICC Chem. http://www.iccchem.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Janssen-Cilag http://www.janssen-cilag.nl/; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lambent Tech. http://www.lambentcorp.com Landers-Segal Color http://www.pigments.com/; Lenape Ind. http://www.lenape.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rampak Group http://www.rampakgroup.com; Royale Pigments & Chems. http://www.royalepigments-chem.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sachtleben Chemie GmbH http://www.sachtleben.de/ Sensient Pharm. Tech. http://www.sensient-tech.com; Sensient Tech. Colors http://www.triconcolors.com; 2027

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com; TOR Mins. http://www.torminerals.com Tennants Distrib. Ltd http://www.tennantsdistribution.com; Titan Kogyo; U.S. Synthetics; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Hombitan® FG Trade Names Containing: Glacier II; Panistay® Titanium oxide; Titanium peroxide; Titanium white. See Titanium dioxide TKP. See Potassium phosphate tribasic TKPP. See Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate TLA. See 2-Mercaptopropionic acid TMA. See Trimethylamine TMDHQ; TMQ. See 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2dihydroquinoline polymer Tocopherol CAS 1406-18-4; EINECS/ELINCS 215-798-8 Synonyms: Mixed tocopherols; D-αTocopherol; DL-α-Tocopherol; Vitamin E Classification: Vitamins Empirical: C29H50O2 Properties: Cl., brnsh.-red visc. oil; mild charac. taste; sol. in oils, fats, acetone, alcohol, chloroform, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 430.79; m.p. 2.5-3.5 C; DL-form: sl. visc. pale yel. oil; dens. 0.950 (25/4 C); b.p. 200-220 C; D-form: red liq., odorless Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat) 7500 mg/kg; experimental reproductive and mutagenic effects; TSCA listed Storage: Gradually darkens on exposure to light Uses: Antioxidant, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods; antioxidant for fats; animal feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3890, 182.8890, 184.1890, GRAS; EC E306; USP/NF compliance (excipient); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMC Chems.; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns. Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com; Anmar Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.anmarinternational.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BASF http://www.basf.com Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; CoKEM Assoc.; Cognis http://www.cognis.de Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com Eisai USA http://www.eisai.com/; Eisai http://www.eisai.co.jp/index-e.html; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Helm AG http://www.helmag.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/ Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; Protameen http://www.protameen.com/; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; 2028

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Stason Pharmaceuticals http://www.stason.com/; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Vernon Walden Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com; ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names: Covi-Ox® T-70; Covi-Ox® T-90; Covitol® F-350M; Eisai Natural Vitamin E Series Trade Names Containing: Antrancine® 342 Plus; Controx® VP; Covitol® F-1000-2; Lucarotin® 10 CWD O; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Lutein DC; LycoVit® 10% DC; Novomega™; OmegaPure® Refined Menhaden Oil Oxynex® K; Oxynex® L; Oxynex® LM; Ryoto Sugar Ester POS-135 2R,4´R,8´R-α-Tocopherol. See D-α-Tocopherol all-rac-α-Tocopherol. See DL-α-Tocopherol D-α-Tocopherol CAS 59-02-9; EINECS/ELINCS 200-412-2 E306 Synonyms: 2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-(4´,8´,12´trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanol; 2R,4´R,8´Rα-Tocopherol; (R,R,R)-α-Tocopherol; 5,7,8Trimethyltocol; Vitamin E Empirical: C29H50O2 Properties: Lt. yel. to red visc. oil, nearly odorless; freely sol. in oils, fats, acetone, alcohol, chloroform, ether; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 430.72; dens. 0.950 (25/4 C); m.p. 2.5-3.5 C; b.p. 200 C; flash pt. (CC) 93 C Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat) 7500 mg/kg; experimental reproductive effects; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture, heat, direct sunlight; subject to air oxidation; keep refrigerated; keep Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

tightly closed; store under argon; lightsensitive Uses: Antioxidant, preservative, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods; inhibitor of nitrosamine formation in pump-cured bacon; antioxidant for fats; animal feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3890, 182.8890, 184.1890, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147; SARA §311/312 nonreportable; Japan approved; Europe, Australia listed; UK approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADM http://www.admworld.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Covitol® 700; Covitol® 700 WD; Kaydol® See also Tocopherol d-δ-Tocopherol CAS 119-13-1 Synonyms: (+)-delta-Tocopherol; 8Methyltocol Classification: Lipid Empirical: C27H46O2 Properties: Liq; m.w. 402.6592 Toxicology: May cause skin, eye, respiratory tract, mucous membrane irritant; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorption; TSCA listed Precaution: Wear dust mask, protectives gloves, safety goggles; incompat. with strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ -20 C; keep tightly closed Uses: Preservative in food Regulatory: RCRA, SARA §313 nonreportable; not regulated for transport; Canada DSL; Korea ECL; Japan MITI; Australia AICS Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Supelco http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Trade Names Containing: PhytroX® LT 10; 2029

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50 PhytroX® Tocomix L70; Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP DL-α-Tocopherol CAS 10191-41-0; EINECS/ELINCS 233-466-0 E307 Synonyms: 6-Chromanol, 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl2-(4,8,12-trimethyl tridecyl)-; 3,4-Dihydro2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-ol; allrac-α-Tocopherol; Vitamin E Empirical: C29H50O2 Properties: Pale yel. to amber visc. oil; sl. mild odor; fat-sol.; m.w. 430.72; dens. 0.947-0.958 (25/25 C); b.p. 200-220 C (0.1 mm); ref. index 1.5030-1.5070 Toxicology: Mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Rapidly darkens in presence of oxygen and high temps.; degrades in presence of alkali HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light- and air-sensitive; refrigerate; keep under argon Uses: Antioxidant, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods; inhibitor of nitrosamine formation in pump-cured bacon; antioxidant for fats; animal feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.3890, 182.8890, 184.1890, GRAS; Japan restricted for purpose of antioxidation; UK approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names Containing: Beta Carotene 30% FS; Beta Carotene 1% CWS; Vitamin A and D-3 Blend See also Tocopherol (R,R,R)-α-Tocopherol. See D-α-Tocopherol d,l-α-Tocopherol acetate; (±)-α-Tocopherol acetate. See dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate α-Tocopherol acid succinate. See Tocopheryl succinate Tocopheryl acetate CAS 1406-70-8; 7695-91-2; EINECS/ELINCS Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

231-710-0 Synonyms: D-α-Tocopheryl acetate; DL-αTocopheryl acetate; Vitamin E acetate Definition: Ester of tocopherol and acetic acid Empirical: C31H52O3 Uses: Antioxidant, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.8892, GRAS; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: BASF http://www.basf.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Covitol® 1360 Trade Names Containing: Bioblend # 7; Bonus Blend 2R,4´R,8´R-α-Tocopheryl acetate; α-Tocopheryl acetate. See d-α-Tocopheryl acetate d-α-Tocopheryl acetate CAS 58-95-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-710-0 Synonyms: 2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-(4´,8´,12´trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanol acetate; 2R,4´R,8´R-α-Tocopheryl acetate; αTocopheryl acetate; Vitamin E acetate Definition: Obtained from vacuum steam distillation and acetylation of edible vegetable oil prods. Empirical: C31H52O3 Properties: Cryst., odorless; sol. in alcohol; misc. with acetone, chloroform, ether, vegetable oil; insol. in water; m.w. 472.75; m.p. 25 C Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat) 182 g/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Antioxidant, nutrient, dietary supplement, vitamin E source in foods; animal feed additive Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.480, 182.8892, GRAS; FDA approved for topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Boith China http://www.boith.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; 2030

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Covitol® 1360J See also Tocopheryl acetate dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate CAS 133-80-2; 7695-91-2; EINECS/ELINCS 231710-0 Synonyms: 2H-1-Benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12trimethyltridecyl)-, acetate; 6-Chromanol, 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12trimethyltridecyl)-, acetate; Syntopherol acetate; 2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanol acetate; d,lα-Tocopherol acetate; (±)-α-Tocopherol acetate Definition: Obtained from vacuum steam distillation and acetylation of edible vegetable oil prods. Empirical: C31H52O3 Properties: Colorless to yel. visc. oil, odorless; sol. in alcohol; misc. with acetone, chloroform, ether, vegetable oil; insol. in water; m.w. 472.75; dens. 0.9533 (21.3/4 C); m.p. -27.5 C; b.p. 184 C (0.01 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4950-1.4972 Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg; experimental reproductive effector; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Antioxidant, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.8892, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; Eisai USA http://www.eisai.com/ Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Vitamin E Acetate Dry Powd. 50% DC/GFP; Vitamin E Acetate Dry Powd. SD 50; Vitamin E dl-alpha Tocopheryl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Acetate USP Trade Names Containing: Dry Vitamin E Acetate 50% SD See also Tocopheryl acetate Tocopheryl acid succinate; α-Tocopheryl acid succinate. See Tocopheryl succinate Tocopheryl succinate CAS 4345-03-3 (d-α); 17407-37-3; EINECS/ELINCS 224-403-8 Synonyms: α-Tocopherol acid succinate; Tocopheryl acid succinate; α-Tocopheryl acid succinate; D-α-Tocopheryl succinate; DL-α-Tocopheryl succinate; Vitamin E acid succinate; Vitamin E succinate Definition: Ester of tocopherol and succinic acid Empirical: C33H54O5 Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. powd. or needles, odorless, tasteless; very sol. in chloroform; sol. in acetone, alcohol, ether, vegetable oil; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 530.76; m.p. 76-77 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 7 g/kg; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Antioxidant, nutrient, dietary supplement, Vitamin E source in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.8890, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Boith China http://www.boith.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium D-α-Tocopheryl succinate; DL-α-Tocopheryl succinate. See Tocopheryl succinate Tolualdehyde. See Tolyl aldehyde α-Tolualdehyde. See Phenylacetaldehyde p-Tolualdehyde. See p-Tolyl aldehyde Tolualdehyde glyceryl acetal, mixed o, m, p CAS 73987-51-6; 977041-69-2 FEMA 3067 Synonyms: 2-(Methylphenyl)-1,3-dioxan-5-ol (mixed isomers); Tolylaldehyde glyceryl acetal Classification: Dioxane Empirical: C11H12O2 Properties: M.w. 176.23 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3400 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating 2031

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS Tolualdehyde isomers; Tolualdehydes, mixed o, m-, p-. See Tolyl aldehyde Tolu balsam; Tolu balsam gum; Tolu balsam oil; Tolu balsam tincture. See Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) Toluenecarboxaldehyde. See Tolyl aldehyde 2-Toluenethiol. See o-Thiocresol α-Toluenethiol. See Benzyl mercaptan o-Toluenethiol. See o-Thiocresol α-Toluenol. See Benzyl alcohol α-Toluic acid. See Phenylacetic acid α-Toluic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl phenylacetate α-Toluic aldehyde. See Phenylacetaldehyde Toluifera balsamam resin. See Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) m-Toluol. See m-Cresol o-Toluol. See o-Cresol p-Toluol. See p-Cresol Tolu resin. See Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) p-Toluylaldehyde. See p-Tolyl aldehyde p-Tolylacetaldehyde CAS 104-09-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-173-2 FEMA 3071 Synonyms: Benzeneacetaldehyde, 4-methyl-; 4-Methylphenylacetaldehyde; pMethylphenylacetaldehyde; Syringa aldehyde; Syringaldehyde Classification: aromatic aldehyde Empirical: C9H10O Properties: Colorless to yel. oily liq., bitter almond odor, flavor; sol. in most common org. solvs.; insol. in alcohol; m.w. 134.17; dens. 1.010-1.016; b.p. 210 C; flash pt. 70 C; ref. index 1.5300-1.5350 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Strong fresh-fruity green note Use Level: Trace-2% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; U.S. approved as direct food additive; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Tolyl acetate. See Methylbenzyl acetate, mixed o-, m-, po-Tolyl acetate. See o-Cresyl acetate p-Tolyl acetate. See p-Cresyl acetate p-Tolyl alcohol. See p-Cresol Tolyl aldehyde CAS 1334-78-7; EINECS/ELINCS 215-615-1 FEMA 3068 Synonyms: Methyl benzaldehydes, mixed o-, m-, p-; Tolualdehyde; Tolualdehyde isomers; Tolualdehydes, mixed o-, m-, p-; Toluenecarboxaldehyde; Tolyl aldehydes, mixed o-, m-, pDefinition: Mixt. of o-, m-, and p-tolyl aldehydes Empirical: C8H8O Properties: Colorless liq., bitter almond odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 120.14; dens. 1.020; b.p. 199-204 C; ref. index 1.54693 (16.6 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2250 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Tolyl aldehyde CAS 104-87-0; EINECS/ELINCS 203-246-9 FEMA 3068 Synonyms: 4-Methylbenzaldehyde; pMethylbenzaldehyde; p-Tolualdehyde; pToluylaldehyde Empirical: C8H8O Formula: CH3C6H4CHO Properties: Colorless to yel. liq., aromatic floral odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 120.15; dens. 1.016 (20/4 C); vapor dens. 4.2; m.p. -6 C; b.p. 204 C; flash pt. 85 C; ref. index 1.545 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1000 mg/kg; eye and skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; 2032

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mitsubishi Gas http://www.mgc-a.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com α-Tolyl aldehyde dimethyl acetal. See Phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal Tolylaldehyde glyceryl acetal. See Tolualdehyde glyceryl acetal, mixed o, m, p Tolyl aldehydes, mixed o-, m-, p-. See Tolyl aldehyde 4-(p-Tolyl)-2-butanone CAS 7774-79-0 FEMA 3074 Synonyms: 2-Butanone, 4-(4-methylphenyl)-; p-Methylbenzylacetone Classification: aromatic ketone Empirical: C11H14O Properties: Colorless oily liq.; sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 162.23 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent and adjuvant in foods Features: Sweet, fruity odor with raspberry, plum notes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com p-Tolyl dimethyl carbinol. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol p-Tolyl dodecanoate; p-Tolyl dodecylate. See pTolyl laurate p-Tolyl ethanoate. See p-Cresyl acetate α-Tolylic acid. See Phenylacetic acid o-Tolyl isobutyrate CAS 36438-54-7 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 3753 Synonyms: o-Cresyl isobutyrate; 2-Methyl phenyl 2-methyl propanoate; 2-Methyl propanoic acid 2-methyl phenyl ester; oTolyl 2-methylpropanoate Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCO2C6H4CH3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol; in water; m.w. 178.23; dens. 1.004; b.p. 107-108 C (8 mm); flash pt. 203 F Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Berry, medicinal flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Tolyl isobutyrate CAS 103-93-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-159-6 FEMA 3075 Synonyms: Cresyl-4-isobutyrate; p-Cresyl isobutyrate; Isobutyric acid, p-tolyl ester; pMethylhenyl 2-methylpropanoate; Paracresyl isobutyrate Definition: Ester of p-cresol and isobutyric acid Empirical: C11H14O2 Formula: CH3C6H4OCOCH(CH3)2 Properties: Colorless liq., lily-narcissus odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 178.23; dens. 0.993; b.p. 237 C; flash pt. >100 C; ref. index 1.485-1.489 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 4 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 3970 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Tolyl isovalerate. See p-Cresyl isovalerate p-Tolyl laurate CAS 10024-57-4; EINECS/ELINCS 233-024-7 FEMA 3076 Synonyms: p-Cresyl dodecanoate; p-Cresyl laurate; Dodecanoic acid 4-methyl phenyl ester; Lauric acid p-tolyl ester; p-Methyl phenyl dodecanoate; p-Tolyl dodecanoate; p-Tolyl dodecylate; p-Tolyl laurate 2033

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C19H30O2 Properties: Colorless oily liq., floral sweet odor, flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 290.45 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL p-Tolyl laurate. See p-Tolyl laurate α-Tolyl mercaptan. See Benzyl mercaptan o-Tolyl mercaptan. See o-Thiocresol p-Tolyl 3-methylbutyrate. See p-Cresyl isovalerate o-Tolyl methyl ether. See o-Methylanisole p-Tolyl methyl ether. See p-Methylanisole o-Tolyl 2-methylpropanoate. See o-Tolyl isobutyrate p-Tolyl octanoate. See p-Cresyl octanoate p-Tolyl phenylacetate CAS 101-94-0; EINECS/ELINCS 202-990-1 FEMA 3077 Synonyms: Benzene acetic acid 4-methyl phenyl ester; p-Cresyl phenylacetate; 4Methylphenyl phenylacetate; Narcissin; Phenylacetic acid p-tolyl ester; p-Tolyl phenyl acetate Classification: Aromatic ester Empirical: C15H14O2 Formula: C6H5CH2CO2C6H4CH3 Properties: Wh. cryst. solid; floral odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 226.28; m.p. 7476 C; acid no. 1.0 max. Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com p-Tolyl phenyl acetate. See p-Tolyl phenylacetate 2-(p-Tolyl)-2-propanol. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol 3-p-Tolyl propenal. See pMethylcinnamaldehyde 2-p-Tolyl propene. See p-α-Dimethylstyrene 2-(p-Tolyl) propionaldehyde CAS 99-72-9; EINECS/ELINCS 202-782-0 FEMA 3078 Synonyms: Methyl hydratropaldehyde; pMethylhydratropaldehyde; pMethylhydratropic aldehyde; 2-(pHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methylphenyl) propionaldehyde; 2-(p-Tolyl) propionic aldehyde Empirical: C10H12O Properties: M.w. 148.22 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3500 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com 2-(p-Tolyl) propionic aldehyde. See 2-(p-Tolyl) propionaldehyde o-Tolyl salicylate CAS 617-01-6 FEMA 3734 Synonyms: o-Cresyl salicylate; 2Methylphenyl-2-hydroxybenzoate Empirical: C14H12O3 Properties: Semisolid to solid; eucalyptus odor; sol. in some oils, fats, and ethanol; insol. inwater; m.w.228.25; sp. gr. 1.164-1.174; b.p. 180 (2 mm Hg); acid no. 1 max. ref. index 1.576-1.584 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, hard candy, chewing gum Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Tonkalide. See γ-Hexalactone Tonquin musk. See Musk (Moschus moschiferus) TP. See Thiophenol Tragacanth. See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum CAS 9000-65-1; EINECS/ELINCS 232-552-5 FEMA 3079; INS413; E413 Synonyms: Astragalus gummifer; Astragalus gummifer gum; Gum dragon; Gum tragacanth; Tragacanth; Tragacanth gum Definition: Dried gummy exudate from Astragalus gummifer Properties: Wh. powd., wh. to pale yel. translucent, horny pieces; odorless; mucilaginous taste; insol. in alcohol; strongly hydrophilic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 16,400 mg/kg; mildly toxic by ing.; mild allergen causing hay fever, dermatitis, GI distress, asthma; 2034

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference may cause intolerance; skin and eye irritant; linked to liver damage in test animals; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Stabilizer, thickener, emulsifier, formulation aid, preservative, suspending agent, binder in foods; crystallization inhibitor in confectionery Use Level: 4.8-6.0% (oral liqs.); 0.42-100 mg (tablets) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.133, 133.134, 133.162, 133.178, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 184.1351, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; Europe listed; UK approved; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; AEP Colloids http://www.aepcolloids.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Agrisales Ltd http://www.agriproducts.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Alland & Robert http://www.allandetrobert.fr; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Arthur Branwell http://www.branwell.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Colloides Naturels Int'l. http://www.cniworld.com Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Gumix Int'l.; Importers Service http://www.iscgums.com/; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; MLG Enterprises Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com; Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-150; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-200; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-300 Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-400; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-500; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1 Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC Trade Names Containing: Merecol® FA; Merecol® LK; TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/HV Powder; TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S1 No Fat Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S2 No Fat Powd. Tragacanth gum. See Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum Transglutaminase CAS 81046-85-6 Synonyms: Amine γ-glutamyltransferase; Glutaminylpeptide; Glutaminylpeptide-γ-; Glutamyltransferase; γGlutamyltransferase; Polyamine 2035

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference transgutaminase; Protein-glutamine-γglutamyltransferase; TG enzyme; Tissue transglutaminase Definition: Produced by controlled fermentation of Streptoverticillium mobaraense Properties: Off-wh. to lt. ylsh.-brn. amorphous powd.; sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether Toxicology: May be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause irritation; prolonged/repeated exposure may cause allergic reactions Precaution: Avoid raising dust; unstable; avoid heat Storage: Heat-sensitive; store below 0 C; ship in dry ice Uses: Enzyme for protein crosslinking in foods, meat/poultry/seafood processing, yogurt/cheese/frozen desserts prod., and mfg. of pasta prods., baked goods, meat analogs, cereals Manuf./Distrib.: Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Activa™ TG-RM; Activa™ TG-SF; Activa™ TG-TI; Veron® TX Trehalose CAS 99-20-7; EINECS/ELINCS 202-739-6 Synonyms: Ergot sugar; α-DGlucopyranoside, α-D-glucopyranosyl-; αD-Glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside; Mycose; Natural trehalose; α-Trehalose; α,α-Trehalose; D-(+)-Trehalose; Trehalose, dihydrate Classification: Disaccharide Empirical: C12H22O11 Properties: Off-wh. to wh. cryst. powd.; m.w. 342.30; sp.gr. 1.54; m.p. 97 C Uses: Sweetener in foods; stabilizer, thickener, flavor enhancer in honey, breads, beer, seafood Features: 45% sweetness of sucrose Regulatory: GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Asahi Kasei http://www.asahi-kasei.co.jp; British Sugar plc http://www.britishsugar.co.uk; Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/; Hayashibara http://www.the-hayashibaracity.jp; NBS Biologicals Ltd http://www.nbsbio.co.uk/ Research Plus http://www.researchplus.com Trade Names: Ascend™ Trehalose Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

α-Trehalose; α,α-Trehalose; D-(+)-Trehalose; Trehalose, dihydrate. See Trehalose Tri. See Trichloroethylene Triacetate. See Cellulose triacetate Triacetin CAS 102-76-1; EINECS/ELINCS 203-051-9 FEMA 2007; INS1518; E1518 Synonyms: Acetic, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester; Acetin; Enzactin; Glycerine triacetate; Glycerol triacetate; Glyceryl triacetate; 1,2,3-Propanetriol triacetate; Triacetyl glycerin; Triacetyl glycerol Definition: Triester of glycerin and acetic acid Empirical: C9H14O6 Formula: C3H5(OCOCH3)3 Properties: Colorless or pale yel. oily liq., sl. fatty odor, bitter taste; sol. in water, alcohol, ether, other org. solvs.; sl. sol. in CS2; m.w. 218.20; dens. 1.160 (20 C); m.p. -78 C; b.p. 258-260 C; sapon. no. 765-775; flash pt. 300 F; ref. index 1.4307 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3000 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 1600 ± 81 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 2100 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 2800 mg/kg; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by IP, IV, subcut. routes; eye irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat, flame, or powerful oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Direct food additive; nutrient, dietary supplement, formulation aid, humectant, solvent, vehicle in foods; synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, chewing gum; plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 175.320, 181.22, 181.27, 184.1901, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Avatar

2036

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.avatarcorp.com; B&D Nutritional Ingreds. http://www.bndni.com Bayer AG http://www.bayer-ag.de; http://www.bayer.com; Blagden Spec. Chems. Ltd http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk; Britannia Natural Prods. http://amcaningredients.com/pages/fca.htm; Brown http://www.brownchem.com; CTC Orgs. Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Chemial SpA http://www.chemial.com; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Eastman http://www.eastman.com Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Honeywill & Stein http://www.honeywill.co.uk; Industrias Monfel http://www.monfel.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com K3 http://k3corp.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Symrise Gbmh http://www.symrise.com/; Unipex http://www.unipex.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Captex® 500; Eastman® Triacetin, Food Grade; Triacetina Trade Names Containing: Grapefruit Artificial Flavor 4115 Triacetinase. See Lipase Triacetyl cellulose. See Cellulose triacetate Triacetyl glycerin; Triacetyl glycerol. See Triacetin Triacontanol; 1-Triacontanol. See Myricyl alcohol Triacylglycerol lipase. See Lipase Triatomic oxygen. See Ozone Tribasic aluminum stearate. See Aluminum tristearate Tribasic calcium phosphate. See Calcium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

phosphate tribasic Tribasic sodium phosphate. See Sodium phosphate tribasic Tribasic sodium phosphate dodecahydrate. See Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate Tribehenin CAS 18641-57-1; EINECS/ELINCS 242-471-7 Synonyms: Docosanoic acid, 1,2,3propanetriyl ester; Glycerol tribehenate; Glyceryl tribehenate; Glyceryl tridocosanoate; 1,2,3-Propanetriol tridocosanoate; Tridocosanoin Definition: Triester of glycerin and behenic acid Empirical: C69H134O6 Properties: Solid; m.w. 1059.82; m.p. 83 C; flash pt. (CC) 150 C; Nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 5 g/kg; irritating to eyes and resp. tract; nontoxic Precaution: Do not breathe dust; wear splash goggles, dust respirator, gloves, and lab coat HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Emulsifier for foods; additive for tablet mfg. Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Compritol® 888 ATO Tribenzoin (INCI). See Glyceryl tribenzoate Tributyl acetyl citrate; Tri-n-butyl O-acetylcitrate; Tributyl O-acetylcitrate; Tributyl 2-(acetyloxy)1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate; Tributyl citrate acetate; Tri-n-butyl citrate acetate. See Acetyl tributyl citrate Tributyrase. See Lipase Tributyrin CAS 60-01-5; EINECS/ELINCS 200-451-5 FEMA 2223 Synonyms: Butanoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester; Butyric acid triester with glycerin; Butyrin; Butyryl triglyceride; Glycerol tributyrate; Glyceryl tributyrate; Tributyroin Definition: Triester of glycerin and butyric acid Empirical: C15H26O6 Formula: (C3H7COO)3C3H5 Properties: Colorless oily liq., bitter taste; very sol. in alcohol, chloroform, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 302.36; dens. 1.032 (20/4 C); m.p. -75 C; b.p. 305-310 C (760 mm), 90C (15 mm); flash pt. 345 F; ref. index 1.4358 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 13 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 320 mg/kg; poison by IV route; low 2037

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference toxic by ing.; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; can react with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods, beverages, ice cream, soft candy, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages, fats, oils, fillings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 184.1903, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Haltermann Prods. UK http://www.haltermann.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Tributyrinase; Tributyrin esterase. See Lipase Tributyroin. See Tributyrin Tric. See Trichloroethylene Tricalcium bis (orthophosphate). See Calcium phosphate tribasic Tricalcium citrate; Tricalcium dicitrate. See Calcium citrate Tricalcium orthophosphate. See Calcium phosphate tribasic Tricalcium phosphate. See Calcium hydroxide phosphate; Calcium phosphate tribasic Tricalcium silicate CAS 12168-85-3 Empirical: Ca3O3Si Formula: 3CaO • SiO2 Toxicology: Nuisance dust Uses: Anticaking agent in table salt; potatoes Features: General purpose Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.2906 (2% max. in table salt), GRAS; Canada DSL Tricaprin CAS 621-71-6; EINECS/ELINCS 210-702-0 Synonyms: Glycerol tricaprinate; Glyceryl tricaprate; Glyceryl tridecanoate; 1,2,3Propanol tridecanoate; Tridecanoin Definition: Triester of glycerin and capric acid Empirical: C33H62O6 Formula: [CH3(CH2)8COOCH2]2CHOCO(CH2)8CH3 Properties: M.w. 554.86; m.p. 31-32 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) > 10 g/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Carrier for flavors, colors, and Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

vitamins; diluent, emollient, lubricant, moisturizer, solubilizer, vehicle, carrier, visc. modifier for infant formulas, nutritional/sports supplements Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Captex® 1000; NEOBEE® 1095 Tricaprylic glyceride. See Tricaprylin Tricaprylin CAS 538-23-8; EINECS/ELINCS 208-686-5 Synonyms: Caprylic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester; Caprylic acid triglyceride; Glycerol tricaprylate; Glyceryl tricaprylate; Tricaprylic glyceride Classification: Triester Definition: Triester of glycerin and caprylic acid Empirical: C27H50O6 Formula: [CH3(CH2)6COOCH2]2CHOCO(CH2)6CH3 Properties: Cryst.; m.w. 470.70; dens. 0.954 (20/4 C); m.p. 9-10 C; b.p. 233 C (1 mm); ref. index 1.447 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 33,300 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 50 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 3700 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by IV route; mildly toxic by ing.; experimental reproductive effects; tumorigen; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Carrier for essential oils, flavors in bakery prods., dietary foods, nutritional prods. Features: Nonoily Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Captex® 8000; Miglyol® 808; NEOBEE® 895 Triceteth-5 phosphate Definition: Triester of phosphoric acid and ceteth-5 Properties: Anionic Uses: Ingred. in food Trade Names Containing: MGS-TGL Trichlor; Trichloran; Trichlorethylene; Trichloroethene; 1,1,2-Trichloroethene. See 2038

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene CAS 79-01-6; EINECS/ELINCS 201-167-4 UN 1710 (DOT) Synonyms: Acetylene trichloride; 1-Chloro2,2-dichloroethylene; 1,1-Dichloro-2chloroethylene; Ethinyl trichloride; Ethylene trichloride; TCE; Tri; Tric; Trichlor; Trichloran; Trichlorethylene; Trichloroethene; 1,1,2-Trichloroethene; 1,1,2-Trichloroethylene Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Empirical: C2HCl3 Formula: CHCl:CCl2 Properties: Colorless, photoreactive liq., chloroform odor; misc. with common org. solvs.; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 131.40; dens. 1.456-1.462; vapor pressure 100 mm Hg (32 C); f.p. -86.8 C; m.p. -73 C; b.p. 86.7 C; flash pt. 89.6 F; autoignition temp. 420 C; ref. index 1.45560 (25 C); surf. tens. 28.8 dynes/cm; KB value 130; dielec. const. 3.42 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm; STEL 200 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 4.92 ml/kg, (IV, mouse) 34 mg/kg; poison by IV, subcut. route; mod. toxic by ing. and IP; mildly toxic by inh.; mildly toxic to humans by ing., inh.; human systemic effects; can cause somnolence, GI changes, jaundice, narcosis, anesthesia; eye, severe skin irritant; chronic exposure causes liver damage; suspected carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; ThOD 0.37 Precaution: Very dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat or flame; LEL 8%; UEL 10.5%; high concs. of vapor in high-temp. air can be made to burn mildly under strong flame; reacts with alkali, epoxides; violent reactions possible; can form HCl gas with water Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Light-sensitive Uses: Extraction solvent in mfg. of decaffeinated coffee, spice oleoresins, modified hop extract for beer making Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.345, 73.615, 172.560, 173.290, 175.105, 177.1960; Canada Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

DSL; SARA §311/312 acute health/chronic health hazard, §313 reportable; CERCLA hazardous substance; HAP Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Arch Chems. http://www.archchemicals.com Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com; Hukill http://www.hukill.com/; ICC Ind. http://www.iccchem.com Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kanto http://www.kanto.co.jp; Kimson; PPG Ind. http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com Primachem; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Vulcan Chems. http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp 1,1,2-Trichloroethylene. See Trichloroethylene 4,1´,6´-Trichlorogalactosucrose. See Sucralose Trichlorophosphine oxide; Trichlorophosphorous oxide. See Phosphorus oxychloride Trichlorotrifluoroethane CAS 76-13-1; EINECS/ELINCS 200-936-1 Synonyms: CFC 113; Chlorofluorocarbon 113; Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro; FC 113; Fluorocarbon 113; Freon 113; Halocarbon 113; R 113; Refrigerant 113; TCTFE; 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2trifluoroethane; TTE 2039

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon Empirical: C2Cl3F3 Formula: ClCF2CCl2F Properties: Colorless volatile gas; nearly odorless to sweet ether-like odor at high concs.; sol. in alcohol, ether, benzene; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 187.37; dens. 1.42; vapor pressure 362 mm Hg; f.p. -35 C; m.p. 13.2 C; b.p. 47.6 C; ref. index 1.355; surf. tens. 17.75 dynes/cm; dielec. const. 2.41; noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1000 ppm; STEL 1250 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 43 g/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 6 h) 87,000 ppm; mildly toxic by ing. and inh.; primary skin irritant; may cause eye irritation, drying/cracking of skin; high concs. may cause CNS symptoms, dizziness, headache; TSCA listed Environmental: ThOD 0.09 Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; incompat. with chemically active metals (calcium, powd. aluminum, zinc, magnesium, beryllium, titanium, samarium, lithium, barium); may react explosively NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; avoid handling near 260 C (dec.) Uses: Quick-cooling or freezing of foods Features: Used with 1% perfluorohexane to quick cool or crust-freeze chickens sealed in intact bags Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.342; SARA §311/312 acute health/chronic health hazard, §313 reportable; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de Burdick & Jackson http://www.bandj.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com; Matheson Gas Prods. http://www.mathesontrigas.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Triclosene sodium. See Sodium dichloroisocyanurate Tricyclene CAS 508-32-7; EINECS/ELINCS 208-083-7 Synonyms: Cyclene; 1,7,7Trimethyltricyclo[2.2.1.0(2.6)] heptane Empirical: C10H16 Properties: Colorless solid; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 136.23; sp. gr. 0.8668; m.p. 67.5 C; b.p. 152.5; flash pt. (TCC) 78 F; ref. index 1.519 ± 0.02 Uses: Flavoring agent in food Trade Names Containing: Camphene P&F, FCC 1-Tridecanecarboxylic acid. See Myristic acid 1-Tridecanecarboxylic acid, isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl myristate Tridecanedioic acid cyclic ethylene glycol diester; 1,13-Tridecanedioic acid, 1,2ethanediol ester; 1,13-Tridecanedioic acid ethylene ester; Tridecanoic acid, cyclic ethylene ester. See Ethylene brassylate Tridecanoin. See Tricaprin 2-Tridecanone CAS 593-08-8; EINECS/ELINCS 209-784-0 FEMA 3388 Synonyms: Hendecylmethylketone; Methyl undecyl ketone; Tridecan-2-one Classification: Nonaromatic ketone Empirical: C13H26O Properties: Wh. cryst.; milky, sl. spicy odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 198.35; dens. 0.825; m.p. 29-31 C; b.p. 263 C; flash pt. 110 C; ref. index 1.4350 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, margarine, milk, coconut, fruit and nut flavors Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Tridecan-2-one. See 2-Tridecanone 2-Tridecenal CAS 7774-82-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-883-2 FEMA 3082 Synonyms: 3-Decylacrolein; Tridecen-2-al-1; (E)-2-Tridecen-1-al; trans-2-Tridecenal 2040

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: Nonaromatic aldehyde Empirical: C13H24O Properties: Wh. or sl. ylsh. liq.; oily, citrus odor; sol. in alcohol, most fixed oils; insol. in water; m.w. 196.33; dens. 0.8476; b.p. 232 C; ref. index 1.457-1.460 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Tridecen-2-al-1; (E)-2-Tridecen-1-al; trans-2Tridecenal. See 2-Tridecenal Tridocosanoin. See Tribehenin Tridodecylamine. See Trilaurylamine 1,2,3-Trienanthoylglycerol. See Glyceryl trienanthate Triethanolamine CAS 102-71-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-049-8 Synonyms: 2,2´,2´´-Nitrilotriethanol; 2,2´,2´´Nitrilotris (ethanol); TEA; TELA; Triethylolamine; Tri (2-hydroxyethyl)amine; Trihydroxytriethylamine; 2,2´,2´´Trihydroxytriethylamine; Tris (2hydroxyethyl) amine; Trolamine Classification: Aliphatic amino alcohol; alkanolamine Empirical: C6H15NO3 Formula: N(CH2CH2OH)3 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. visc. liq., sl. ammoniacal odor; sol. in water, alcohol, acetone, chloroform; sl. sol. in benzene, ether; m.w. 149.19; dens. 1.126; m.p. 21.2 C; b.p. 335 C (dec.); flash pt. 179 C; ref. index 1.4835; pH 10.5 (0.1N aq.); surf. tens. 45.24 dynes/cm Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3; LD50 (oral, rat) 8 g/kg; mod. toxic by IP; mildly toxic by ing. (irritation of mouth, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea); human skin irritant; eye irritant; skin sensitizer; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC; BOD5 0.84; COD 1.53; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ThOD 1.61 Precaution: Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; LEL 1.2%; incompat. with oxidizers, strong acids; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials; increased risk of fire or explosion Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and CN– NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Storage: Very hygroscopic; light-sensitive; store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat/ignition sources Uses: Flume wash water additive for washing sugar beets prior to slicing; coating for fresh fruits and vegetables Use Level: 2.5% max. in non-rinse-off finished cosmetics Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.315, 175.105, 175.300, 175.380, 175.390, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1210, 177.1680, 177.2260, 177.2600, 177.2800, 178.3120, 178.3910; FDA approved for orals, topicals, vaginals; Canada DSL; USP/NF, BP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de Brown http://www.brownchem.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; Duso http://www.dusochemical.com/; Evonik Degussa GmbH http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/index. html Expo Chem. http://www.expochem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GMI Prods. http://www.gmi-originates.com/; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Houghton Chem. http://www.houghtonchemical.com Huntsman http://www.huntsman.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mays http://www.mayschem.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Oxiteno http://www.oxiteno.com.br/in/index.htm; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; 2041

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Phoenix Nat. Prods. http://www.phoenixuk.com Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Surfachem Ltd http://www.surfachem.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Venus Ethoxyethers http://www.venusgoa.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Triethanolamine monooleate ester; Triethanolamine oleate; Triethanolamine oleate soap. See TEA-oleate Triethyl citrate CAS 77-93-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-070-7 FEMA 3083; INS1505 Synonyms: Ethyl citrate; 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3propanetricarboxylic acid, triethyl ester; TEC; Triethyl-2-hydroxypropan-1,2,3tricarboxylate Definition: Triester of ethyl alcohol and citric acid Empirical: C12H20O7 Formula: C3H5O(COOC2H5)3 Properties: Colorless mobile oily liq., odorless, bitter taste; sol. 65 g/100 cc water; sol. 0.8 g/100 cc oil; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; misc. with alcohol, ether; m.w. 276.32; dens. 1.136 (25 C); vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (107 C); b.p. 294 C; flash pt. (COC) 303 F; ref. index 1.4420 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5900 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 1750 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 6600 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 6 h) 1300 ppm; mod. toxic by IP route; mildly toxic by ing., inh.; irritating to skin, eyes, respiratory system; risk of serious damage to eyes; may cause skin sensitization; may cause sensitization by inh.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; wear protective clothing; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store at 40-70 F in tightly sealed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, cold, air Uses: Food additive; flavoring agent, sequestrant, foam stabilizer in foods; plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Features: Sweet plum-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 175.320, 181.22, 181.27, 184.1911, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; ChemService http://www.chemservice.com Chemial SpA http://www.chemial.com; Cognis http://www.cognis.de; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Frutarom (UK) Fine Ingreds. http://www.frutarom.com/; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Parchem Trading http://www.parchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sharon Labs; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Ubichem plc http://www.ubichem.com; Unitex http://www.unitexchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wilshire http://users.aol.com/wilshrchem/chmlist2.ht m Trade Names: Citrofol® AI Triethylenetetramine crosslinked with epichlorohydrin Uses: Ion exchange resin for food treatment Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§173.25 Triethyl-2-hydroxypropan-1,2,3-tricarboxylate. See Triethyl citrate Triethylolamine. See Triethanolamine Triflic acid. See Trifluoromethane sulfonic acid Trifluoromethane sulfonic acid CAS 1493-13-6; EINECS/ELINCS 216-087-5 2042

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference UN 1760 Synonyms: Magic acid; Triflic acid; Trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Empirical: CHF3O3S Formula: CF3HSO3 Properties: Colorless to amber clear liq.; sol. in water, alcohol, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide; m.w. 150.08; dens. 1.708 (20/4 C); m.p. 40 C; b.p. 167-180 C; flash pt. none; ref. index 1.331 (20 C) Toxicology: Corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, mucous membrane; TSCA listed Precaution: Strong acid; violent reaction with acyl chlorides or aromatic hydrocarbons, evolving toxic hydrogen chloride gas Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of F– and SOx Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Catalyst in prod. of cocoa butter substitute from palm oil Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.395; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: 3M http://www.3m.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Amber Syn. http://www.amsyn.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; Miteni SpA http://www.miteni.it; SAF Bulk Chems.; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/

Classification: Ester Properties: Pale yel. liq., bland flavor and odor; sp. gr. 0.93; HLB 3.0 ; iodine no. 0.06; sapon. no. 305; flash pt. (PMCC) 280 C; ref. index 1.45; pH 6 (10% aq.) Toxicology: Eye irritant; mild skin irritant; inh. of vapors or mists of the product may be irritating to the resp. tract Environmental: Biodeg. Precaution: Wear safety goggles with side shields; use impervious gloves HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in sealed containers @ < 90 F Uses: Emulsifier in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.854 Trade Names: DREWPOL 3-5-CC

Trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid. See Trifluoromethane sulfonic acid Trifolium. See Clover Trifolium extract; Trifolium pratense; Trifolium pratense extract. See Clover (Trifolium pratense) extract Triglyceride hydrolase; Triglyceride lipase. See Lipase Triglycerides, mixed decanoate and octanoate. See Caprylic/capric triglyceride Triglycerol monoshortening. See Polyglyceryl-3 shortening

Triglyceryl diisostearate. See Polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate Triglyceryl dioleate. See Polyglyceryl-3 dioleate Triglyceryl distearate. See Polyglyceryl-3 distearate Triglyceryl monooleate. See Polyglyceryl-3 oleate Triglyceryl monoshortening. See Polyglyceryl-3 shortening Triglyceryl oleate. See Polyglyceryl-3 oleate Triglyceryl stearate. See Polyglyceryl-3 stearate Trigonella foenum-graecum; Trigonella foenumgraecum extract. See Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract Trigonella foenum-graecum oleoresin. See Oleoresin fenugreek Triheptanoin. See Glyceryl trienanthate; Glyceryl triheptanoate 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene-1,2-methylene ether. See Sesamol 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzene-1-propylcarboxylate. See Propyl gallate 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid. See Gallic acid 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, dodecyl ester. See Dodecyl gallate 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl gallate 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid octyl ester. See Octyl gallate 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester; 3,4,5Trihydroxybenzoic acid, n-propyl ester. See Propyl gallate

Triglycerol penta(caprylate-caprate) CAS 147923-42-0 Synonyms: Decanoic acid, mixed pentaesters with octadecanoic acid and triglycerol

2,4,5-Trihydroxybutyrophenone CAS 1421-63-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-824-8 Synonyms: THBP; 2´,4´,5´Trihydroxybutyrophenone

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2043

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Empirical: C10H12O4 Formula: C6H2(OH)3COC3H7 Properties: Yel.-tan cryst.; sol. in alcohol, propylene glycol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 196.22; dens. 6 lb/gal (20 C); m.p. 149-153 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Preservative, antioxidant in foods; antioxidant migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.190, 175.105, 175.300, 177.1010, 181.24 (0.005% migrating from food pkg.) Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium 2´,4´,5´-Trihydroxybutyrophenone. See 2,4,5Trihydroxybutyrophenone 3,7,12-Trihydroxycholanic acid; 3α,7α,12αTrihydroxy-5-β-cholan-24-oic acid. See Cholic acid Tri (2-hydroxyethyl)amine. See Triethanolamine Trihydroxyethylamine oleate. See TEA-oleate 2,4a,7-Trihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylenegibb-3ene-1,10-carboxylic acid 1-4-lactone. See Gibberellic acid 2,4a,7-Trihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylenegibb-3ene-1,10-dicarboxylic acid potassium salt. See Potassium gibberellate Trihydroxypropane; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane; Trihydroxypropane glycerol. See Glycerin Trihydroxytriethylamine; 2,2´,2´´Trihydroxytriethylamine. See Triethanolamine Triiron tetraoxide. See Iron oxide black Trilauramine. See Trilaurylamine Trilaurin CAS 538-24-9; EINECS/ELINCS 208-687-0 Synonyms: Dodecanoic acid, 1,2,3propanetriyl ester; Glycerol trilaurate; Glyceryl tridodecanoate; Glyceryl trilaurate; Lauric acid triglyceride; 1,2,3-Propanetriol tridodecanoate Definition: Triester of glycerin and lauric acid Empirical: C39H74O6 Properties: Wh. solid, sl. bay odor; sol. in ether, chloroform, petrol. ether; m.w. 639.01; m.p. 4547 C Toxicology: Mild irritant; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Auxiliary in prod. of compressed sweets Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Trilaurylamine CAS 102-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-063-4 Synonyms: N,N-Didodecyl-1-dodecanamine; Tridodecylamine; Trilauramine Classification: Tertiary amine Empirical: C36H75N Formula: N[CH2(CH2)10CH3]3 Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in org. solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 522.00; dens. 0.82; m.p. 14 C; b.p. 230 C (0.01 mm); cationic Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Uses: Extraction solvent for citric acid in foods; carrier for mfg. of citric acid and oil Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.280; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trilithium citrate. See Lithium citrate Trimagnesium bis (orthophosphate); Trimagnesium orthophosphate; Trimagnesium phosphate. See Magnesium phosphate tribasic Trimetaphosphate sodium. See Sodium trimetaphosphate Trimethylacetic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl pivalate Trimethylamine CAS 75-50-3 UN 1083 (DOT); UN 1297 (DOT); FEMA 3241 Synonyms: N,N-Dimethylmethanamine; TMA; Trimethylamine, anhydrous; Trimethylamine, aqueous sol'n. Empirical: C3H9N Formula: (CH3)3N Properties: Colorless gas @ R.T.; readily liquefied; fishy oily rancid sweaty odor; saline taste; sol. in water, alcohol, ether, benzene, toluene, xylene, chloroform, chlorinated and aromatic solvs.; misc. with oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 59.11; dens. 0.932; m.p. -117 C; b.p. 2.9 C; flash pt. 38 F; ref. index 1.3443 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm; STEL 15 ppm; LD50 (IV, mouse) 90 mg/kg; LDLo 2044

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference (subcut., mouse) 1000 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mammal) 19 g/m3; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by subcut. route; mildly toxic by inh.; corrosive; highly irritating vapor; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. gas; dangerous fire risk; explosive limits in air 2-11.6%; self-reactive; mod. explosive as vapor exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizers; explosive reactions possible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, soups; prep. of ion exchange membranes for food processing Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §173.20; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trimethylamine, anhydrous; Trimethylamine, aqueous sol'n. See Trimethylamine α,α,4-Trimethylbenzenemethanol. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol Trimethylbenzyl alcohol CAS 1197-01-9; EINECS/ELINCS 214-817-7 FEMA 3242 Synonyms: Benzenemethanol, α,α,4-trimethyl; 8-p-Cymenol; p-Cymen-8-ol; Dimethyl ptolyl carbinol; 8-Hydroxy-p-cymene; αHydroxy-p-cymene; p-(Hydroxyisopropyl) toluene; 1-Methyl-4-(α-hydroxyisopropyl) benzene; 1-Methyl-4-(1-hydroxy-1methylethyl) benzene; 2-(4-Methylphenyl)-2propanol; p-Tolyl dimethyl carbinol; 2-(pTolyl)-2-propanol; α,α,4Trimethylbenzenemethanol; α,α,4Trimethylbenzyl alcohol; p,α,αTrimethylbenzyl alcohol Classification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C10H14O Properties: Colorless liq.; herbaceous, celerylike odor; sol. in alcohol; sol. 0.1-1 g/100 ml in water (20.5 C); m.w. 150.22; sp.gr. 0.9690.978; b.p. 64 C (0.6 mm Hg); flash pt. (CC) 96 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

C; ref. index 1.514-1.521 (20 C) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area; keep away from ignition sources, naked flame Uses: Flavoring agent in herbal and tea compositions Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, Australia AICS, China, Canada DSL, ENCS, Philippines PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com α,α,4-Trimethylbenzyl alcohol; p,α,αTrimethylbenzyl alcohol. See Trimethylbenzyl alcohol (1S)-1,3,3-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol. See Fenchyl alcohol DL-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol; endo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo (2.2.1) heptan-2ol. See DL-Borneol exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol. See Isoborneol 1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ol acetate. See Bornyl acetate 1,3,3-Trimethylbicyclo [2,2,1] heptan-2-one. See d-Fenchone 1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo (2.2.1)-2-heptanone; 1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-one. See Camphor (1S)-1,3,3-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-one. See d-Fenchone L-(-)-1,3,3-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-one. See l-Fenchone exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-yl acetate. See Isobornyl acetate 1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-yl butanoate. See Bornyl butyrate 4,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo (3,1,1) hept-3-en; 2,6,6Trimethylbicyclo (3.1.1)-2-heptene; 2,6,6Trimethylbicyclo (3.1.1) hept-2-ene; 2,6,6Trimethylbicyclo (3.1.1)-2-hept-2-ene. See αPinene endo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl acetate. See Bornyl acetate exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl 2045

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ethanoate. See Isobornyl acetate exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo (2.2.1) hept-2-yl formate; exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl methanoate. See Isobornyl formate (1R-endo)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2yl 3-methylbutanoate. See Bornyl isovalerate exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl propanoate; exo-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl propionate. See Isobornyl propionate Endo-1,7,7-trimethyl bicyclo(2.2.1)hept-2-yl valerate. See Bornyl valerate Trimethyl cyclohexadienyl butenone; 4-(2,6,6Trimethyl cyclohexa-1,3-dienyl) but-2-en-4one. See β-Damascenone Trimethylcyclohexanol CAS 116-02-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-122-7 FEMA 3962 Synonyms: Cyclohexanol, 3,3,5-trimethyl-; Cyclonol; Dihydroisophorol; Homomenthol; Isophorol, dihydro-; 3,3,5Trimethylcyclohexanol; 3,3,5-Trimethyl-1cyclohexanol; 3,5,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol Empirical: C9H18O Formula: CH3(C6H8)(CH3)2OH Properties: Wh. cryst. or liq.; sol. in most organic solvents, hydrocarbons, oils; insol. in water; m.w. 142.24; dens. 0.878 (40/20 C); vapor pressure 0.1 mm (20 C); f.p. 37 C; b.p. 198 C; flash pt. (OC) 190 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3250 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2800 mg/kg; toxic by inh.; mod. toxic by ing., skin contact; harmful if ing., inh., or absorbed through skin; skin and severe eye irritant; high concs. are extremely destructive to tissues of mucous membranes/upper respiratory tract, eyes and skin; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, headache, nausea, vomiting; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat, flame, oxidizers; reactive with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep container closed when not in use; keep away from heat and open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com 3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol; 3,3,5-Trimethyl-1cyclohexanol; 3,5,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol. See Trimethylcyclohexanol 2,6,6-Trimethyl-1 and 2-cyclohexen-1carboxaldehyde. See β-Cyclocitral α,α,4-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol. See α-Terpineol α,α,4-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methyl 2aminobenzoate. See Terpinyl anthranilate 1,1,3-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-5-one; 3,3,5Trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one. See Isophorone 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl cyclohexene-1-yl)-butane-2one. See Dihydro-β-ionone 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexene-1-yl)-3-butene2-one. See β-Ionone 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-yl)-3-butene2-one. See α-Ionone 1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-yl)-1,6heptadiene-3-one. See Allyl α-ionone 3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexenone; 3,3,5-Trimethyl2-cyclohexen-1-one. See Isophorone 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl) butan-2one. See Dihydro-β-ionone 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2butanone; 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl) butan-2-one. See Dihydro-α-ionone 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2ol; 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-3-buten2-ol. See β-Ionol 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2ol; 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl)-3-buten2-ol. See α-Ionol 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2one. See β-Ionone 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2one. See α-Ionone 1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl) hepta-1,6dien-3-one. See Allyl α-ionone 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-methyl-3buten-2-one. See α-Isomethylionone 1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl) pent-1-en3-one. See Methyl Δ-ionone 5-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-4-penten-3one; 5-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-4penten-3-one. See Methyl β-ionone 5-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-4-penten-3one; 5-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl)-42046

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference penten-3-one. See Methyl α-ionone 5-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-4-penten-3one; 5-2,6,6-Trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl-4penten-3-one. See Methyl Δ-ionone 1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1-cyclohex-1-yl)-1-penten-3one. See Methyl β-ionone 1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohex-1-yl)-1-penten-3one. See Methyl α-ionone Trimethyldihydroquinoline polymer. See 2,2,4Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline polymer 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline polymer CAS 26780-96-1 Synonyms: 1,2-Dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline homopolymer; 1,2Dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline polymer; Poly-(1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline); polymeric trimethyl-dihydroquinoline; Polymerized 1,2-dihydro-2,4,4-trimethyl quinoline; Polymerized 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2dihydroquinoline; Poly-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2dihydroquinoline; TDQP; TMDHQ; TMQ; Trimethyldihydroquinoline polymer; 2,2,4Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline, polymeric Classification: Dihydroquinoline Empirical: (C11H15N)n Properties: Amber pellets; insol. in water; misc. with ethanol, acetone, benzene, monochlorobenzene, isopropyl acetate, gasoline, oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; dens. 1.08; soften. pt. 75 C; m.p. 95-100 C Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat) 548 g/kg; experimental neoplastigen; questionable carcinogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid strong oxidizers; dust can present explosion hazard Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Akrochem http://www.akrochem.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Chemtura/Rubber Chems. http://www.cromptoncorp.com; Cytec Ind. http://www.cytec.com Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com Trade Names: Naftonox® TMQ 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline, polymeric. See 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline polymer 1,3,7-Trimethyl-2,6-dioxopurine. See Caffeine N,N,N-Trimethyl-1-dodecanaminium chloride. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

See Laurtrimonium chloride 3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienal. See Farnesal Trimethyldodecatrieneol CAS 142-50-7 (cis); 7212-44-4 (isomers); EINECS/ELINCS 205-540-2 (cis); 230-597-5 (isomers) FEMA 2772 Synonyms: Nerolidol; Peruviol; 3,7,11Trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol; (3S,6Z)3,7,11-Trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol Definition: Found in essential oils from many flowers; mixed isomer prod. Empirical: C15H26O Formula: (CH3)2C:CH(CH2)2C(CH3):CH(CH2)2(CH3) • (OH)CH:CH2 Properties: Colorless to straw-colored liq.; odor similar to rose and apple; sol. in alcohol, most fixed oils; insol. in water, glycerol; m.w. 222.36; dens. 0.88 kg/l (20 C); b.p. 145 C (1.6 kPa); cis-: Liq.; dens. 0.876 (20/4 C); b.p. 70 C (0.1 mm); flash pt. 96 C; ref. index 1.4775; trans-: Liq.; b.p. 78 C (0.15 mm); ref. index 1.4792 Precaution: Combustible Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in foods Features: Sweetly floral, green, woody, citrus, lily-like fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Trade Names: Nerolidol Trimethyl dodecatrienol. See Farnesol 3,7,11-Trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol. See Trimethyldodecatrieneol 3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol. See Farnesol (3S,6Z)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol. See Trimethyldodecatrieneol 3,7,11-Trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienone. See 2047

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Farnesal α,α,5-Trimethyl-5-ethenyltetrahydro-2furanmethanol. See Linalool oxide 2,2,4-Trimethyl-6-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline. See 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline Trimethylglycine; Trimethylglycocoll. See Betaine Trimethyl glycol. See Propylene glycol N,N,N-Trimethyl-1-hexadecanaminium chloride. See Cetrimonium chloride Trimethylhexanol (INCI); 3,5,5-Trimethylhexanol. See 3,5,5-Trimethylhexan-1-ol 3,5,5-Trimethylhexan-1-ol CAS 3452-97-9; EINECS/ELINCS 222-376-7 FEMA 3324 Synonyms: Hexanol, 3,5,5-trimethyl-; Nonanol; Nonyl alcohol; Nonylol; Trimethylhexanol (INCI); 3,5,5-Trimethylhexanol; 3,5,5Trimethyl-1-hexanol; Trimethylhexyl alcohol; 3,5,5-Trimethylhexyl alcohol Classification: Nonaromatic alcohol Empirical: C9H20O Formula: (CH3)3CCH2CHCH3CH2CH2OH Properties: Colorless liq.; mild odor; insol. in water; m.w. 144.26; dens. 0.8236 kg/l (20 C); bulk dens. 6.86 lb/gal; b.p. 194 C; flash pt. 200 F; ref. index 1.4300; b.p. 193-194 (760 mm); flash pt. 178 F; ref. index 1.4320 Toxicology: TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Toxic fumes of CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; keep away from heat and open flame Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, condiments, pickles Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol; Trimethylhexyl alcohol; 3,5,5-Trimethylhexyl alcohol. See 3,5,5-Trimethylhexan-1-ol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

N,2,3-Trimethyl-2-isopropylbutamide CAS 51115-67-4; EINECS/ELINCS 256-974-4 FEMA 3804 Synonyms: N-2,3-Trimethyl-2isopropylbutanamide; WS-23 Empirical: C10H21NO Properties: Wh. powd.; m.w. 171.28; m.p. 62-64 C; flash pt. (TCC) > 212 F Toxicology: Not a skin irritant; no evidence of hypersensitivity Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, coolant in confectionery prods. Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; DOT: Chemicals n.o.i. Manuf./Distrib.: Bioindustria L.I.M. http://www.bioindustria.it Trade Names: WinSense WS-23; WS-23; WS23, Artificial Trade Names Containing: Winsense™ Extra 400; Winsense™ Extra 500 N-2,3-Trimethyl-2-isopropylbutanamide. See N,2,3-Trimethyl-2-isopropylbutamide Trimethylmethane. See Isobutane 4,11,11-Trimethyl-8-methylene, bicyclo [7.2.0] undec-4-ene. See β-Caryophyllene 4,11,11-Trimethyl-8-methylenebicyclo [7.2.0] undec-3-en-5-yl acetate. See Caryophyllene alcohol acetate 4-12,12-Trimethyl-9-methylene-5-oxatricyclo [8.2.2.0.0.4.6] dodecane. See β-Caryophyllene oxide 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-norbananyl acetate. See Fenchyl acetate 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-norbornanol. See Fenchyl alcohol 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-norbornanone. See dFenchone 1,3,3-Trimethylnorbornan-2-one. See lFenchone d-1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-norbornanone. See dFenchone L-(-)-1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-norbornanone. See lFenchone 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-norcamphanone; d-1,3,3Trimethyl-2-norcamphanone. See dFenchone 1,7,7-Trimethylnorcamphor. See Camphor N,N,N-Trimethyl-1-octadecanaminium chloride; Trimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride. See Steartrimonium chloride 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane. See Eucalyptol 2,4,5-Trimethyl-3-oxazoline. See 2,4,5-Trimethyl 2048

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Δ-3-oxazoline 2,4,5-Trimethyl [GD]-3-oxazoline CAS 22694-96-8 FEMA 3525 Synonyms: 2,5- Dihydro-2,4,5-trimethyl oxazole; Peanut oxazole; 2,4,5-Trimethyl-3oxazoline Empirical: C6H11NO Properties: Yellow-orange liq.; nutty odor; sol. in alcohol, water; insol. in most fixed oils; m.w. 113.16; sp. gr. 0.91100-0.93200 ; b.p. 125-127 C; ref. index 1.414-1.435 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, meat sauces, soups Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com Trimethylpyrazine. See 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine CAS 14667-55-1; EINECS/ELINCS 238-712-0 UN 1993; FEMA 3244 Synonyms: Trimethylpyrazine Classification: pyrazine Empirical: C7H10N2 Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; sweet roasted peanut odor; sol. in water (< 1%), alcohol, org. solvs.; m.w. 122.17; dens. 0.975; vapor dens. 4.2; b.p. 171-172 C; flash pt. 130 F; ref. index 1.503-1.507 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 806 mg/kg; harmful liq.; mod. toxic by ing.; skin, eye, respiratory system irritant; risk of serious damage to eyes; TSCA listed Environmental: do not contaminate water source, sewers Precaution: Combustible liq.; incompat. with oxidizers, acids, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx, COx Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, candy, baked goods, cereals, condiments, meats, dairy prods., soups Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluchessence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com Natural Advantage http://www.naturaladvantage.net; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com α-(Trimethylsilyl)-ω-methylpoly [oxy (dimethylsilylene)]. See Dimethicone α-(Trimethylsilyl)-ωmethylpoly[oxy(dimethylsilylene)], mixt. with silicon dioxide. See Simethicone α-(Trimethylsilyl) poly (oxy (dimethylsilylene))ω-methyl; α-(Trimethylsilyl)-ω-((trimethylsilyl) oxy). See Dimethylsiloxane Trimethyl stearyl ammonium chloride. See Steartrimonium chloride Trimethyl thiazole CAS 13623-11-5; EINECS/ELINCS 237-107-9 FEMA 3325 Synonyms: Thiazole, 2,4,5-tridecen-1-al; 2,4,5Trimethylthiazole Classification: Thiazole Empirical: C6H9NS Properties: Colorless to cl. amber liq.; sol. m.w. 127.21; dens. 1.013; b.p. 166-167 C (717.5 mm); flash pt. 56 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Coffee, nutty, chocolate flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Beyo Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.beyochem.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/ Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com 2049

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference 2,4,5-Trimethylthiazole. See Trimethyl thiazole 5,7,8-Trimethyltocol. See D-α-Tocopherol 1,7,7-Trimethyltricyclo[2.2.1.0(2.6)] heptane. See Tricyclene 2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxacyclohexane; 2,4,6Trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxane; 2,4,6-Trimethyl-strioxane; s-Trimethyltrioxymethylene. See Paraldehyde 1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine. See Caffeine Trimyristin CAS 555-45-3; EINECS/ELINCS 209-099-7 Synonyms: Glyceryl trimyristate; Myristin; 1,2,3-Propanetriol tritetradecanoate Definition: Triester of glycerin and myristic acid Empirical: C45H86O6 Properties: Wh. to ylsh.-gray solid; insol. in water; sol. in alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether; m.w. 723.14; dens. 0.885 (60/4 C); m.p. 56-57 C; ref. index 1.4429 (60 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Binder, lubricant, mold release agent, retarding agent for tablets and compressed confectioneries Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Dynasan® 114 1,2,3-Tri (cis-9-octadecenoyl) glycerol. See Triolein Trioctadecyl citrate; Trioctadecyl 2hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate. See Tristearyl citrate Trioctanoin CAS 7360-38-5; EINECS/ELINCS 230-896-0 Synonyms: Glycerol trioctanoate; Glyceryl tri (2-ethylhexanoate); Glyceryl trioctanoate; Octanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriol ester; Octanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester; Octanoic acid triglyceride; 1,2,3Propanetriol trioctanoate; Trioctanoylglycerol; 1,2,3Trioctanoylglycerol Definition: Triester of glycerin and 2ethylhexanoic acid Empirical: C27H50O6 Formula: (CH2OCOCHCH2CH3(CH2)3CH3)2HCOCOCHC H2CH3(CH2)3CH3 Properties: M.w. 470.70 Toxicology: TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Carrier for flavors; vehicle for vitamins, nutritional prods. Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk Trioctanoylglycerol; 1,2,3-Trioctanoylglycerol. See Trioctanoin Trioenanthin. See Glyceryl trienanthate Triolein CAS 122-32-7; 67701-30-8; EINECS/ELINCS 204-534-7; 266-948-4 Synonyms: 2,3-Bis [(9E)-9-octadecenoyloxy] propyl (9E)-9-octadecenoate; Glycerol trioleate; Glyceryl trioleate; 9-Octadecenoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester; 9Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester; Olein; 1,2,3-Propanetriyl tri-((E)-9octadecenoate); 1,2,3-Tri (cis-9octadecenoyl) glycerol; Triolein glyceryl trioleate; Trioleoylglycerol Classification: Triglyceride Definition: A naturally occurring glyceride of oleic acid found in fats and oils Empirical: C57H104O6 Formula: (CH2O)2CHO[CO(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CH3]3 Properties: Colorless to ylsh. oily liq., tasteless, odorless; sol. in chloroform, ether, CCl4, chlorinated solvs.; sl. sol. in alcohol; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 885.43; dens. 0.915 (15/4 C); m.p. -4 to -5 C; b.p. 235-240 C (15 mm); HLB 0.8; sapon. no. 188-195; cloud pt. -10 C; flash pt. 330 C; ref. index 1.4676 (20 C); Nonionic Toxicology: May cause eye/skin/mucous membrane/upper respiratory tract irritation; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store @ 2-8 C in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Solubilizer for flavors, vitamin oils; emulsifier, stabilizer for foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.2800; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chemial Group http://www.chemial.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Gee Lawson 2050

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.geelawson.co.uk ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com Uniqema Am. http://www.uniqema.com Trade Names: Nofable GO-903; Nofable GO993; Trioleina Triolein glyceryl trioleate. See Triolein Triolein hydrolase. See Lipase Trioleoylglycerol. See Triolein Tripalmitin CAS 555-44-2; EINECS/ELINCS 209-098-1 Synonyms: Glyceryl tripalmitate; Hexadecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester; Palmitin Definition: Triester of glycerin and palmitic acid Empirical: C51H98O6 Formula: C3H5(OOCC15H31)3 Properties: Wh. crystalline powd. or needles; sol. in ether, chloroform, benzene; pract. insol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 807.29; dens. 0.886 (80/4 C); m.p. 65.5 C; b.p. 310-320 C; ref. index 1.43807 (80 C); sapon. no. 208.5 Toxicology: LD (IP, mouse) > 500 mg/kg; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Storage: Refrigerate Uses: Auxiliary in prod. of compressed sweets Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.2800 Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Dynasan® 116 Trade Names Containing: Precirol ATO 5 Triphosphoric acid pentapotassium salt. See Potassium tripolyphosphate Triphosphoric acid pentasodium salt; Triphosphoric acid sodium salt; Tripolyphosphate. See Pentasodium triphosphate Tripotassium citrate; Tripotassium citrate monohydrate; Tripotassium 2hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate. See Potassium citrate Tripotassium orthophosphate; Tripotassium phosphate. See Potassium phosphate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

tribasic Tripotassium tribromide. See Potassium bromide Tripotassium trichloride. See Potassium chloride Tripropionin. See Glyceryl tripropionate Tris (2-hydroxyethyl) amine. See Triethanolamine Tris (2-hydroxypropanoato) aluminum. See Aluminum lactate Tris (nicotinato) aluminum. See Aluminum nicotinate Trisodium-3-carboxy-5-hydroxy-1-psulfophenyl-4-p-sulfophenylazopyrazole. See FD&C Yellow No. 5; Tartrazine Trisodium citrate CAS 68-04-2 (anhyd.); 6132-04-3 (dihydrate); 6858-44-2 (hydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 200675-3 FEMA 3026; INS331(iii); E331 Synonyms: Citric acid trisodium salt; Sodium citrate (INCI); Sodium citrate anhydrous; Sodium citrate tertiary; Trisodium 2hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Empirical: C6H5Na3O7 (anhyd.); C6H5Na3O7 • 2H2O (dihydrate) Formula: HOC(COONa)(CH2COONa)2 (anhyd.), HOC(COONa)(CH2COONa)2 • 2H2O (dihydrate) Properties: Colorless cryst. or wh. cryst. powd., odorless, pleasant acid taste; hydrous form freely sol. in water, very sol. in boiling water, insol. in alcohol; m.w. 258.07 (anhyd.), 294.10 (dihydrate); loses water of cryst. @ 150 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 1548 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 170 mg/kg; poison by IV route; mod. toxic by IP route; irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Na2O Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Buffer, pH control agent, emulsifier, sequestrant, stabilizer, flavor enhancer in foods, beverages, confectionery; in poultry, meat prods., processed cheese; nutrient for cultured buttermilk; curing accelerator; stabilizer migrating from food pkg.; flavoring agent, emulsifier (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §131.111, 131.112, 131.138, 131.160, 133.112, 133.144, 133.169, 133.173, 133.179, 150.141, 150.161, 175.300, 179.45, 181.22, 181.29, 184.1751, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §381.147; FEMA GRAS; Canada 2051

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference DSL; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; ADM http://www.admworld.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com Aerchem http://www.aerchem.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Cargill Foods http://www.cargillfoods.com/; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de DSM Nutritional Prods. USA http://www.nutraaccess.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Gadot Biochem. Ind. http://www.gadotbio.com Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; Kaltron/Pettibone http://www.kaltron.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Trade Names Containing: EM 12; Viscarin® JC 1270 See also Sodium citrate Trisodium diphosphate CAS 14691-80-6 (anhyd.); 26573-04-6 (monohydrate) INS450(ii); E450ii Synonyms: Acid trisodium pyrophosphate; Trisodium monohydrogen diphosphate Empirical: Na3HP2O7 • xH2O (x = 0 or 1) Properties: Wh. powd. or grains; m.w. 243.93 (anhyd.) or 261.95 (monohydrate); sol. in water Uses: Emulsifier, stabilizer, pH control agent, raising agent, sequestrant, water retention agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg Trade Names: Curafos® Stabilcolor Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trade Names Containing: Curafos® Optibind; Curafos® Optibalance Trisodium edetate. See Trisodium EDTA Trisodium EDTA CAS 150-38-9; EINECS/ELINCS 205-758-8 Synonyms: Acetic acid, (ethylenedinitrilo) tetra-, trisodium salt; Edetate trisodium; EDTA trisodium; EDTA trisodium salt; N,N´1,2-Ethanediylbis [N-(carboxymethyl) glycine], trisodium salt; Ethylenediamine acetic acid trisodium salt; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, trisodium salt; Trisodium edetate; Trisodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate; Trisodium hydrogen ethylene diaminetetraacetate; Trisodium hydrogen (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetate; Trisodium versenate Classification: Substituted amine Empirical: C10H13N2O8 • 3Na Formula: (NaOOCCH2)3NCH2CH2NCH2COOH Properties: Wh. powd.; sol. in water; m.w. 358.22 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2150 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 300 mg/kg; poison by IP route; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx and Na2O HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Food-contact ingred. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 176.170, 177.2800, 178.3910; FDA approved for topicals; BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Brenntag Specialties; Chemplex Chems. http://www.chemplexchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Hampshire Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Protacide™ NA3 EDTA Trisodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate. See Trisodium EDTA Trisodium hydrogendicarbonate. See Sodium sesquicarbonate Trisodium hydrogen ethylene diaminetetraacetate; Trisodium hydrogen (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetate. See Trisodium EDTA 2052

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3tricarboxylate. See Trisodium citrate Trisodium monohydrogen diphosphate. See Trisodium diphosphate Trisodium 1-(1-naphthylazo)-2hydroxynaphthalene-4´,6,8-trisulfonate. See Acid red 18 Trisodium orthophosphate; Trisodium phosphate (INCI). See Sodium phosphate tribasic Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate. See Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate Trisodium versenate. See Trisodium EDTA Tristearin CAS 555-43-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-097-6 Synonyms: Glycerol tristearate; Glyceryl monotristearate; Glyceryl tristearate; Octadecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester; 1,2,3-Propanetriol trioctadecanoate; Stearin Definition: Triester of glycerin and stearic acid Empirical: C57H110O6 Formula: [CH3(CH2)16COOCH2]2CHOCO(CH2)16CH3 Properties: Colorless to wh. crystals or powd., odorless, tasteless; sol. in hot alcohol, benzene, chloroform, carbon disulfide, chlorinated and aromatic solvs.; pract. insol. in cold alcohol, ether, petrol. ether; insol. in water; m.w. 891.45; dens. 0.943 (65 C); m.p. 71.6 C; ref. index 1.4385 (80 C); Nonionic Toxicology: No known toxicity; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Crystallization accelerator, fermentation aid, formulation aid, lubricant, release agent, emulsifier, surface-finishing agent for foods (imitation chocolate, cocoa, confections, fats, oils) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.811, 177.2800; FDA approved for orals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Dynasan® 118; Pationic® 919; Pationic® 1019 Trade Names Containing: Precirol ATO 5

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tristearyl citrate CAS 7775-50-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-896-3 Synonyms: Citric acid, trioctadecyl ester; 2Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, trioctadecyl ester; 1,2,3Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trioctadecyl ester; Trioctadecyl citrate; Trioctadecyl 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3tricarboxylate Definition: Triester of stearyl alcohol and citric acid Empirical: C60H116O7 Properties: M.w. 949.58 Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Flavor preservative, plasticizer, sequestrant in foods, oleomargarine; plasticizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 178.3910, 181.27 Trisulfide, dimethyl; 2,3,4-Trithiapentane. See Dimethyl trisulfide Triticum aestivum germ oil. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil Triticum vulgare. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein Triticum vulgare bran. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran Triticum vulgare germ. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Triticum vulgare gluten. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Triticum vulgare oil. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil Triticum vulgare protein. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein Triticum vulgare starch. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch Triundecanoin CAS 13552-80-2; EINECS/ELINCS 236-935-8 Synonyms: Glycerol triundecanoate; Glyceryl triundecanoate; Undecanoic acid, 1,2,3propanetriyl ester Definition: Triester of glycerin and undecanoic acid Empirical: C36H68O6 Formula: 2053

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference HCO(CH2OCO(CH2)9CH3)2CO(CH2)9CH3 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Emollient, solvent, fixing agent, and extender in nutritional applics.; carrier for flavors and fragrances Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Captex® 8227 Trizinc dicitrate. See Zinc citrate Trolamine. See Triethanolamine Trona. See Sodium sesquicarbonate Tropathiane; Tropical oxathiane. See 2-Methyl4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane Trp. See L-Tryptophan Trypsin CAS 9002-07-7; EINECS/ELINCS 232-650-8 Classification: Enzyme Properties: Wh. to ylsh. wh. cryst. or amorphous powd., odorless; readily sol. in Sorenson's sodium phosphate buffer sol'n.; sparingly sol. in water; pract. insol. in alcohol, glycerin; m.w. ≈ 23,000; pH 3-5.5 (1%) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (IV, rat) 36 mg/kg, (IP, rat) > 57 mg/kg; harmful solid; poison by IP and IV routes; irritant; may cause hypersensitivity reactions; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic (amorphous); protect from light; refrigerate; package under argon Uses: Proteolytic enzyme for foods; rennet extender Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1914, GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics Am. Labs http://www.americanlaboratories.com; Biologos http://www.biologos.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Roche Diagnostics http://www.roche-appliedscience.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Scripps Labs http://www.scrippslabs.com/; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Wako Chem. USA http://www.wakousa.com; Worthington Biochemical http://www.worthington-biochem.com Trade Names: Trypsin 1:75; Trypsin 1:80; Trypsin 1:150 Tryptones. See Hydrolyzed protein Tryptophan (INCI); DL-Tryptophan. See DL-αTryptophan DL-α-Tryptophan CAS 54-12-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-194-9 Synonyms: (±)-2-Amino-3-(3-indolyl)propionic acid; Tryptophan (INCI); DL-Tryptophan Classification: Amino acid Empirical: C11H12N2O2 Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless; sol. in water, dil. acids, alkalis; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 204.23; m.p. 295 C (dec.); optically inactive Toxicology: TDLo (oral, rat, 92 wks continuous) 844 g/kg; LD50 (IP, mouse) > 1 g/kg; experimental carcinogen; experimental reproductive effects; tumorigen; mutagen; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Photosensitive Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods, cereal enrichment Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320 (1.6% max.); Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com 2054

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs http://www.monomerpolymer.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Tanabe USA http://www.tanabeusa.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com L-Tryptophan CAS 73-22-3; EINECS/ELINCS 200-795-6 Synonyms: α´-Amino-3-indolepropionic acid; l-α-Amino-3-indolepropionic acid; 2-Amino3-indol-3-yl-proprionic acid; Indole-3alanine; L-Indole-α-aminopropionic acid; 1β-3-Indolylalanine; Trp; Tryptophane Classification: Amino acid Definition: Avail. commercially as the naturally occurring L(+)-enantiomer Empirical: C11H12N2O2 Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., sl. bitter taste; sol. in hot alcohol, alkali hydroxides; sol. 11.4 g/l in water; insol. in chloroform; m.w. 204.23; m.p. 289 C (dec.) Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 1634 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IP route; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Storage: Photosensitive Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320 (1.6% max.); Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMINO GmbH http://www.aminoactives.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Tryptophane. See L-Tryptophan TSP; TSP-0. See Sodium phosphate tribasic TSP-12. See Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate TSPP. See Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Tsuga. See Hemlock needles and twigs Tsuga canadensis. See Spruce oil Tsuga needles and twigs. See Hemlock needles and twigs Tsuga oil. See Spruce oil TTE. See Trichlorotrifluoroethane Tuberose absolute; Tuberose oil. See Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa) oil Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa) oil CAS 8024-05-3; EINECS/ELINCS 305-108-4 FEMA 3084 Synonyms: Polianthes tuberosa; Polianthes tuberosa oil; Tuberose absolute; Tuberose oil Definition: Oil from Polianthes tuberosa Properties: Colorless to very lt. colored oil, intense sweet floral odor; dens. 1.007-1.035 (15 C) Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Tuberyl alcohol. See Dihydrocarveol Turkey red. See Iron oxide red turkish rose otto. See Rose oil Turmeric. See Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Turmeric (Curcuma longa) CAS 458-37-7; 977052-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 207-280-5 FEMA 3085; INS100(ii) Synonyms: 1,7-Bis (4-hydroxy-3methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione; CI 75300; Curcuma longa; Curcuma longa powder; Curcumin; Natural yellow 3; Oleoresin turmeric; Turmeric; Turmeric oleoresin; Turmeric powder; Turmeric yellow Definition: Dried and ground rhizome or bulbous root of Curcuma longa, with curcumin as 2055

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference coloring principal Properties: Yel. powd., char. odor, sharp mustard taste; misc. with water; Curcumin: Orange-yel. cryst. powd.; sol. in ethanol, glac. acetic acid; insol. in water, ether; m.w. 368.39; m.p. 180-183 C Toxicology: Human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Natural flavoring agent, colorant (for use alone or with annatto) to shade pickles, mustard, curry powder, spices, margarine, ice cream, cheese, pies, cakes, candies, soups, casings, rendered fats, fish, meat, poultry, rice dishes Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.600, 73.615, 182.10, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; not permitted for food (EU); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fitltd.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; GivaudanQuest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/ Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Kalsec http://www.kalsec.com; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; MLG Enterprises Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Sensient Pharm. Tech. http://www.sensienttech.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names Containing: Yellow Blend No. 3300 Powd. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract CAS 84775-52-0; EINECS/ELINCS 283-882-1 FEMA 3086; INS100(ii) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Curcuma domestica extract; Curcuma longa; Curcuma longa extract; Turmeric extract Definition: Extract of the rhizomes of Curcuma longa Uses: Natural flavoring agent, colorant in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/ Turmeric extract. See Turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract Turmeric oleoresin; Turmeric powder. See Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Turmeric root oleoresin. See Oleoresin turmeric Turmeric yellow. See Curcumin; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Turnera diffusa; Turnera diffusa leaves. See Damiana (Turnera diffusa) Turpentine CAS 8006-64-2 (steam distilled); 8052-14-0; 9005-90-7; 977022-00-6 (rectified); EINECS/ELINCS 232-350-7; 232-688-5 UN 1299 (DOT); 1300 (DOT); FEMA 3088; 3089 Synonyms: Gum turpentine; Pine balsam; Pine gum; Purified gum spirits; Spirits of turpentine; Spirit of turpentine; Terebenthine; Turpentine gum; Turpentine oil; Turpentine oil, rectified; Turpentine oil, rectifier; Turpentine, purified; Turpentine, rectified; Turpentine, steam distilled; Wood turpentine Classification: Unsat. alicyclic hydrocarbon Definition: Volatile essential oil obtained by distillation and rectification from turpentine, an oleoresin obtained from Pinus spp., contg. pinene and diterpene Formula: ≈ C10H16 Properties: Colorless sticky visc. balsamic liq.; char. sharp penetrating piney odor; sol. in alcohol, benzene, CS2, CS2, petrol. ether, ether, chloroform, glac. acetic acid; insol. in water; m.w. ≈ 136; dens. 0.854-0.868; m.p. -50 to -60 C; b.p. 154-170 C; flash pt. (CC) 32-46 C; autoignition temp. 253 C; ref. index 1.4631.483 (20 C); KB value 56 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 100 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 5760 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 1180 2056

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference µg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse, 2 h) 29 g/m3; poison by IV route; mildly toxic by ing., inh.; mod. toxic to humans by ing.; irritating to skin, eyes, respiratory tract; allergen; skin absorp. and inh. can cause CNS depression, headaches, confusion, delirium, convulsions, and death due to respiratory failure; serious kidney irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; common air contaminant; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC Precaution: Highly flamm.; mod. explosive hazard as vapor; lower explosive limit 0.8%; incompat. with oxidizers, halogens, stannic chloride, hexachloromelamine, diatomaceous earth; violent reactions possible; avoid impregnation of combustibles with turpentine Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat/ignition sources; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 175.105; FDA approved for inhalants; FEMA GRAS; BP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Doingcom http://www.doingcom.com; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com Givaudan-Quest Int'l. Flavors and Fragrances USA/Fragrances; Imperial-OELImport http://www.imperial-oel-import.de; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com; J.H. Hinz http://www.jhhinz.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; PDM http://www.pdmchemicals.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Ruger Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sea-Land http://www.sealandchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Technichem http://www.arrowtechnichem.com; Vliengenthart BV http://www.vliegenthart.com Turpentine gum; Turpentine oil; Turpentine oil, rectified; Turpentine oil, rectifier; Turpentine, purified; Turpentine, rectified; Turpentine, steam distilled. See Turpentine Tyrosine. See L-Tyrosine L-Tyrosine CAS 60-18-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-460-4 FEMA 3736 Synonyms: α-Amino-p-hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid; L-α-Amino-β-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid; (S)-2-Amino-3-(4hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid; 3-(4Hydroxyphenyl) alanine; l-β-(pHydroxyphenyl) alanine; Tyrosine; l-pTyrosine; p-Tyrosine Classification: Nonessential amino acid Definition: Avail. commercially as the naturally occurring L(-)-enantiomer Empirical: C9H11NO3 Properties: Colorless silky need. or wh. cryst. powd.; sl. sol. in alcohol; pract. insol. in water, dil. min. acids, alkaline sol'ns.; m.w. 181.21; m.p. 290-295 C; dec. 342-344 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) > 1450 mg/kg; irritant; experimental teratogen, reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 1 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, snack foods, condiments, seasonings Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320 (limitation 4.3%); FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMINO GmbH http://www.aminoactives.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com 2057

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Bachem http://bachem.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Donboo Amino Acid http://www.donboo.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com l-p-Tyrosine; p-Tyrosine. See L-Tyrosine Ultramarine blue CAS 1317-97-1; 57455-37-5; EINECS/ELINCS 309-928-3 Synonyms: CI 77007; Pigment blue 29 Classification: Inorganic pigment Definition: Obtained by calcining a mixt. of kaolin, sulfur, sodium carbonate, and carbon above 700 C to form a complex sodium aluminum sulfosilicate Empirical: Al6Na7O24S3Si6 Formula: Na7Al6Si6O24S3 Properties: Blue powd.; odorless; disp. easily in water-based media, oils, resins, plastics; insol. in water, aliphatic and aromatic solvs.; m.w. 971.50; dens. 2.35 kg/l; oil absorp. 36-40 g/100 g; m.p. > 1000 C; thermal decomp. > 350 C Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Toxicology: OEL 10 mg/m3 (8 h, total inhalable dust), 5 mg/m3 (8 h, total respirable dust); LD50 (oral, rat) > 10 g/kg; nontoxic; nuisance dust; TSCA listed Environmental: No environmental hazard; LC50 (fish) > 32,000 mg/kg; do not empty into drains Precaution: Noncombustible; contact with acids liberates hydrogen sulfide, a highly toxic and flamm. gas Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Temps. above 400 C in presence of air may gradually lead to SO2 formation; liberates hydrogen sulfide in contact with strong acid Storage: Weak hygroscopicity; store in dry area away from acids Uses: Colorant in foods Features: Strong anti-ozone chars.; exc. light resist.; very good weatherability; good alkali resist.; good resist. to temps. above 400 C Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.50, 177.2800, 178.3297; not permitted in food (EU); Australia AICS, Canada DSL listed Manuf./Distrib.: Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; Emerald Hilton Davis; Fallek; Ferro/Perf. Pigments & Colors http://www.ferro.com Landers-Segal Color http://www.pigments.com/; PMC Spec. http://www.pmcsg.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Royale Pigments & Chems. http://www.royalepigmentschem.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TKB Trading http://www.wholesalecolors.com; Tamms Ind. http://www.tamms.com; Tiarco http://www.tiarco.com/; Universal Color Disps. 5,9-Undecadien-2-one, 6,10-dimethyl-. See Geranyl acetone 2,3-Undecadione CAS 7493-59-6 FEMA 3090 Synonyms: Acetyl nonanoyl; Acetyl nonyryl; Acetyl pelargonyl Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C11H20O2 Properties: Yel. oily liq., strong sweet-cream warm odor; sol. in alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; m.w. 184.28; b.p. 109-111 C (10 mm) 2058

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com δ-Undecalactone CAS 710-04-3; EINECS/ELINCS 211-915-1 FEMA 3294 Synonyms: 6-Hexyl-tetrahydropyran-2-one; 6Hexyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 5Hydroxyundecanoic acid lactone; [GD]Undecalactone; Undecanoic δ-lactone; Undecanolide-1,5 Classification: Nonaromatic lactone Empirical: C11H20O2 Properties: M.w. 184.28; dens. 0.969; b.p. 152155 C (10.5 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.4590 Toxicology: Primary irritant; irritating to eyes, skin, and respiratory system; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Peach-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Zeon http://www.zeon.co.jp [GD]-Undecalactone. See δ-Undecalactone γ-Undecalactone CAS 104-67-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-225-4 FEMA 3091 Synonyms: Aldehyde C14; Aldehyde C14 pure; γ-Heptyl butyrolactone; 5Heptyldihydrofuran-2-one; 4Hydroxyundecanoic acid lactone; 5Hydroxyundecanoic acid γ-lactone; Peach aldehyde; Undecanoic γ-lactone; Undecan4-olide; γ-Undecyl lactone Classification: Heterocyclic compd.; nonaromatic lactone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Empirical: C11H20O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)6CHCH2CH2COO Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq., creamy peach-like odor; sol. in alcohol, most fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in glycerin, water; m.w. 184.28; dens. 0.943; b.p. 164-166 C (13 mm); flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.430 Toxicology: Irritating to eyes, skin, respiratory system; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; wear safety glasses or goggles, rubber gloves, apron; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: 12 mos. when stored at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat, air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Peach-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Acme-Hardesty http://www.acme-hardesty.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aromor Flavors & Fragrances http://www.aromor.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Elan http://www.elan-chemical.com; Epochem http://www.epochem.com/ Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; GuiZhou Essence http://www.eschemical.com; J.H. Calo http://www.jhcalo.com Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; NetQem http://www.netqem.us; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Undecanal CAS 112-44-7; EINECS/ELINCS 203-972-6 FEMA 3092 2059

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Aldehyde 14; Aldehyde C-11 undecyclic; 1-Decyl aldehyde; Hendecanal; Hendecanaldehyde; n-Undecanal; Undecanaldehyde; Undecyl aldehyde; nUndecyl aldehyde; Undecylic aldehyde; nUndecylic aldehyde Empirical: C11H22O Formula: CH3(CH2)9CHO Properties: Colorless to sl. yel. liq.; sweet, fatty, floral odor; sol. in most common org. solvs., fixed oils, propylene glycol, alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 170.30; dens. 0.825; m.p. -4 C; b.p. 118-120 C (20 mm); flash pt. 96 C; ref. index 1.430-1.435 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and inh.; primary skin and tissue irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. exposed to heat or flame; tends to polymerize unless tightly sealed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Orange-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium See also Decanal n-Undecanal; Undecanaldehyde. See Undecanal 1-Undecanecarboxylic acid. See Lauric acid 1,1´-Undecanedicarboxylic acid ester with ethylene glycol. See Ethylene brassylate Undecanoic acid CAS 112-37-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-964-2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FEMA 3245 Synonyms: 1-Decanecarboxylic acid; Hendecanoic acid; n-Undecanoic acid; nUndecoic acid; Undecylic acid; n-Undecylic acid Classification: Aliphatic carboxylic acid Empirical: C11H22O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)9COOH Properties: Colorless cryst.; sol. in alcohol, ether; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 186.28; dens. 0.891 (30 C); m.p. 29 C; b.p. 284 C; flash pt. > 112 C Toxicology: LD50 (IV, mouse) 140 mg/kg; poison by IV route; ing. of large doses can probably cause nausea, diarrhea; inh. can probably cause mild nose/throat irritation; dusts can probably cause eye irritation; skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Combustion prods.: CO2, CO; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Davos Chem. http://www.davos.com; EMS-Dottikon AG http://www.ems-dottikon.ch; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com n-Undecanoic acid. See Undecanoic acid Undecanoic acid ethyl ester. See Ethyl undecanoate Undecanoic acid methyl ester; n-Undecanoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl undecanoate Undecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester. See Triundecanoin Undecanoic δ-lactone. See δ-Undecalactone Undecanoic γ-lactone. See γ-Undecalactone Undecanol; 1-Undecanol; Undecan-1-ol; nUndecanol. See Undecyl alcohol Undecanolide-1,5. See δ-Undecalactone Undecan-4-olide. See γ-Undecalactone 2-Undecanone CAS 112-12-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-937-5 UN 1224; FEMA 3093 Synonyms: 2-Hendecanone; Methyl nonyl ketone; Methyl n-nonyl ketone; Nonyl methyl ketone; Rue ketone Classification: aliphatic ketone Empirical: C11H22O Formula: CH3(CH2)8COCH3 Properties: Colorless to sl. ylsh. oily liq.; rue 2060

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference odor; sweet peachy flavor; sol. in oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; insol. in water; m.w. 170.30; dens. 0.825 (20/4 C); m.p. 11-13 C; b.p. 231-232 C; flash pt. 89 C; ref. index 1.4280-1.4330 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg, (oral, mouse) 3880 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; TSCA listed Environmental: do not discharge to lakes, streams, ponds, public waters Precaution: Combustible exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store at 40-70 F in tightly sealed original containers with minimum head space; avoid prolonged exposure to light, heat and air Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan MITI Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk; Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/ Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,3,33Undecaoxapentatriacontane-1,35-diol. See PEG-12 Undecatriene CAS 16356-11-9; EINECS/ELINCS 240-416-1 FEMA 3795 Synonyms: 1,3,5-Undecatriene; Undeca-1,3,5triene; 1,3,5-Undecatriene, mixt. of isomers Empirical: C11H18 Properties: Colorless to pale yel. oily liq.; fresh green, resinous, galbanum, green pepper Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 150.26; sp.gr. 0.787-0.793; dens. 6.574 lb/gal; b.p. 280-285 C; flash pt. (CC) 65 C; ref. index 1.508-1.517 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 7563 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 3 g/kg; may cause eye/skin/mucous membrane/upper respiratory tract irritation; may be harmful by ing., inh., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, ground- and surf. water Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, dry, ventilated area away from heat, open flame; keep tightly closed; keep cold; keep under inert gas (nitrogen purge) Uses: Flavoring agent for cucumber, meat, chicken, bell pepper flavor compositions Use Level: Trace-1% Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, Australia AICS, China, Canada DSL, ECL, Philippines PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; ICN Biomed. Research Prods. http://www.mpbio.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 1,3,5-Undecatriene; Undeca-1,3,5-triene; 1,3,5Undecatriene, mixt. of isomers. See Undecatriene Undecen-10-acid-1. See Undecylenic acid 1-Undecen-10-al. See 10-Undecenal 2-Undecenal CAS 2463-77-6; EINECS/ELINCS 219-564-6 FEMA 3423 Synonyms: 3-Octylacrolein; Undec-2-enal; 2Undecen-1-al; trans-2-Undecenal; trans-2Undecen-1-al Empirical: C11H20O Properties: Pale straw liq.; fresh, fruity, citrus odor; m.w. 168.28; b.p. 115 C (10 mm Hg) Toxicology: May be irritating to eyes, skin Environmental: Prevent contamination of soil, 2061

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference ground- and surf. water Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in cool, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources, naked flame Uses: Flavoring agent in foods Features: Citrus flavor Regulatory: DOT nonregulated; EINECS, Australia AICS, China, Canada DSL, ENCS, Philippines PICCS listed Manuf./Distrib.: Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Vioryl http://www.vioryl.gr/ Undec-2-enal; 2-Undecen-1-al. See 2-Undecenal 9-Undecenal CAS 143-14-6; EINECS/ELINCS 205-586-3 FEMA 3094 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-11 undecylenic; Hendecen-9-al; 9-Undecen-1-al; Undecenoic aldehyde; Undecylenic aldehyde Empirical: C11H20O Formula: CH3CH:CH(CH2)7CHO Properties: Colorless pale yel. oily liq., orange peel-like sweet odor, citrus flavor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 168.28 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Firmenich http://www.firmenich.com/; Kao Corp. http://www.kao.co.jp; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com 9-Undecen-1-al. See 9-Undecenal 10-Undecenal CAS 112-45-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-973-1 FEMA 3095 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-11 undecylenic; Hendecenal; 1-Undecen-10-al; Undecen-10al; Undecylenaldehyde; 10Undecylenealdehyde; Undecylenic aldehyde Empirical: C11H20O Formula: CH2:CH(CH2)CHO Properties: Colorless to lt. yel. liq., fatty rose odor on dilution; sol. in fixed oils, propylene glycol; insol. in water, glycerin; m.w. 168.31; dens. 0.840-0.850; vapor dens. > 1; b.p. 101Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

103 C; flash pt. 92 C; ref. index 1.441-1.447 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (dermal, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; incompat. with strong oxidizers, iron, iron salts Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0 Storage: Refrigerate Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: SARA §311/312 Fire Hazard; FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Undecen-10-al. See 10-Undecenal trans-2-Undecenal; trans-2-Undecen-1-al. See 2Undecenal Undecenoic acid; Undec-10-enoic acid; 10Undecenoic acid; 11-Undecenoic acid. See Undecylenic acid 10- Undecenoic acid allyl ester. See Allyl 10undecenoate 10-Undecenoic acid, butyl ester. See Butyl 10undecenoate 10-Undecenoic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl 10undecenoate 9-Undecenoic acid, methyl ester. See Methyl 9undecenoate Undecenoic aldehyde. See 9-Undecenal Undecen-1-ol CAS 112-43-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-971-0 Synonyms: Alcohol C-11 undecylenic; 1Undecenol; 10-Undecen-1-ol; ω-Undecenyl alcohol; Undecylenic alcohol; ωUndecylenyl alcohol Empirical: C11H22O Formula: H2C=CH(CH2)9OH Properties: Colorless liq.; pleasant soapy, waxy, floral, rose odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 170.29; dens. 0.840-0.848; solid. pt. -2 to -1 C; b.p. 245-248 C; flash pt. 125 C; ref. index 1.446-1.453 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, 2062

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference rabbit) > 5 g/kg; may be harmful by inh., ing., or skin absorp.; may cause eye/skin irritation; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2 Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep container closed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com 1-Undecenol. See Undecen-1-ol 2-Undecenol CAS 37617-03-1; EINECS/ELINCS 253-569-4 FEMA 4068 Synonyms: 1-Hydroxy-2-undecene; Undec-2enol; 2-Undecen-1-ol Empirical: C11H22O Properties: Wh. to sl. yel. liq.; sweet, floral odor; insol. in water; m.w.170.30; sp. gr. 0.8380.848; acid no. 1 max.; ref. index 1.450-1.452 (22 C) Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Organica Trading http://www.organica-trading.com Undec-2-enol; 2-Undecen-1-ol. See 2-Undecenol 10-Undecen-1-ol. See Undecen-1-ol Undecenyl acetate CAS 112-19-6; EINECS/ELINCS 203-944-3 FEMA 3096 Synonyms: Acetate C-11; 10-Hendecenyl acetate; 10-Hendecen-1-yl acetate; 10Undecenyl acetate; 10-Undecen-1-yl acetate; Undecylenic acetate Empirical: C13H24O2 Properties: Colorless liq., lt. rose-like odor; sol. in most common org. solvs.; m.w. 212.33; dens. 0.8808; b.p. 272 C; ref. index 1.43801.4420 Toxicology: Skin irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Aromor Flavors & Fragrances http://www.aromor.com 10-Undecenyl acetate; 10-Undecen-1-yl acetate. See Undecenyl acetate ω-Undecenyl alcohol. See Undecen-1-ol n-Undecoic acid. See Undecanoic acid Undecyl alcohol CAS 112-42-5; EINECS/ELINCS 203-970-5 FEMA 3097 Synonyms: Alcohol C11; Alcohol C11 undecylic; C11 primary alcohol; Decyl carbinol; Hendecanoic alcohol; 1Hendecanol; Hendecyl alcohol; nHendecylenic alcohol; Undecanol; 1Undecanol; Undecan-1-ol; n-Undecanol; nUndecyl alcohol Classification: Aliphatic alcohol Empirical: C11H24O Formula: CH3(CH2)9CH2OH Properties: Colorless liq. or solid; mild fatty-floral odor; sol. in water, alcohol 60%, fixed oils, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 172.35; dens. 0.822 (35/4 C); m.p. 19 C; b.p. 248-250 C; flash pt. 93.3 C; ref. index 1.4370-1.4430; nonionic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 3000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4760 µl/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; low acute inh. toxicity; primary irritant; severely irritating to eyes; mod. irritating to skin; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; avoid incompat. materials, strong oxidants Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Refrigerate; store in a cool, dry place; keep container closed when not in use Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet, lemon-, lime-, or orange-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABCR http://www.abcr.de; Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties 2063

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium n-Undecyl alcohol. See Undecyl alcohol Undecyl aldehyde; n-Undecyl aldehyde. See Undecanal N-Undecylbenzenesulfonic acid CAS 50854-94-9 Synonyms: C11 LAS Uses: Washing/lye peeling of fruits/vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§173.315 Undecylenaldehyde; 10-Undecylenealdehyde. See 10-Undecenal Undecylenic acetate. See Undecenyl acetate Undecylenic acid CAS 112-38-9; EINECS/ELINCS 203-965-8 FEMA 3247 Synonyms: 10-Hendecenoic acid; 10Henedecenoic acid; Undecen-10-acid-1; Undecenoic acid; Undec-10-enoic acid; 10Undecenoic acid; 11-Undecenoic acid; 9Undecylenic acid; Undecyl-10-enic acid; 10Undecylenic acid; n-Undecylenic acid Classification: Aliphatic acid Empirical: C11H20O2 Formula: CH2=CH(CH2)8COOH Properties: Lt. colored liq. or cryst., fruity-rosy odor; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; misc. with alcohol, chloroform, ether, benzene; insol. in water; m.w. 184.28; dens. 0.910-0.913 (25/25 C); m.p. 22 C; b.p. 275 C; acid no. 300-305; iodine no. 135-139; flash pt. 295 F; ref. index 1.447-1.449 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2500 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 960 mg/kg; highly toxic; mod. toxic by ing. and IP routes; ing. can cause nausea, vomiting, urticaria; severe skin irritant; readily absorbed through skin; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods Features: Sweet flavor Use Level: 0.2% max. (as acid, in finished cosmetics) Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; Ind Expo Oleochems. http://www.indexpo.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com NetQem http://www.netqem.us; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Schütz http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index.pht ml; Seppic http://www.seppic.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Vertellus Perf. Materials http://www.vertellus.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com 9-Undecylenic acid; Undecyl-10-enic acid; 10Undecylenic acid; n-Undecylenic acid. See Undecylenic acid Undecylenic acid, monoester with 1,2,3propanetriol. See Glyceryl undecylenate Undecylenic alcohol. See Undecen-1-ol Undecylenic aldehyde. See 9-Undecenal; 10Undecenal ω-Undecylenyl alcohol. See Undecen-1-ol Undecylic acid; n-Undecylic acid. See Undecanoic acid Undecylic aldehyde; n-Undecylic aldehyde. See Undecanal γ-Undecyl lactone. See γ-Undecalactone 2-Undecynoic acid methyl ester. See Methyl 2undecynoate Unhydrogenated lard. See Lard Unslaked lime. See Calcium oxide Urea CAS 57-13-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-315-5 INS927b; E927b Synonyms: Carbamide; Carbamide resin; Carbamidic acid; Carbamimidic acid; Carbonyl diamide; Carbonyldiamine; Isourea; Pseudourea 2064

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Classification: Organic compd. Definition: Prod. of protein metabolism excreted from human urine Empirical: CH4N2O Formula: NH2CONH2 Properties: Colorless to wh. cryst. or powd., almost odorless; sl. ammonia odor on standing; sol. in water, boiling alcohol, benzene, oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in ether; insol. in chloroform; m.w. 60.06; dens. 1.335; m.p. 132.7 C; b.p. dec. Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 14,300 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 5300 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 8200 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IV, subcut. routes; human skin irritant; experimental carcinogen, neoplastigen, reproductive effects; human reproductive effects by intraplacental route; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with NaNO2, P2Cl5, nitrosyl perchlorate; reacts with sodium or calcium hypochlorite to form explosive nitrogen trichloride; prep. of 15N urea is hazardous Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store @ R.T. Uses: Direct food additive; yeast nutrient, formulation aid, fermentation aid in yeastraised bakery prods., alcoholic beverages, gelatin prods.; flour treatment agent; animal feed supplement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.180, 176.320, 177.1200, 177.1900, 184.1923, GRAS; BATF 27CFR §240.1051; Canada DSL; FDA approved for injectables, orals; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Agrium U.S.; Air Prods. http://www.airproducts.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com Am. Biorganics; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; BASF http://www.basf.com; Bio-Rad Labs http://www.bio-rad.com Brenntag AG http://www.brenntag.de; Brøste http://www.broste.com; Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; Chisso Am.; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Ferro Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com Heico http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Lutianhua; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Nissan Chem. Ind. http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/; Norsk Hydro ASA http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html; O.C. Lugo http://www.oclugo.com Occidental http://www.oxychem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Reliable Biopharmaceutical http://www.reliablebiopharm.com Research Organics http://www.resorg.com/; Rit-Chem http://www.ritchem.com; Robeco http://www.robecoinc.com; Rona http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000.a sp; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Showa Denko http://www.sdk.co.jp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Southeastern Mins. http://www.seminerals.com; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Terra Int'l. http://www.terraindustries.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Veckridge; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names Containing: Carbrea® Tabs; CDC-2001 Urea amidohydrolase. See Urease Urea, (p-ethoxyphenyl)-. See Dulcin Urease CAS 9002-13-5; EINECS/ELINCS 232-656-0 Synonyms: Jackbean urease; Urea amidohydrolase Definition: Enzyme derived from Lactobacillus 2065

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference fermentum which hydrolyzes urea to ammonium carbonate Properties: Crystals; sol. in water; m.w. ≈ 480,000 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 48 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 20 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 58 mg/kg; poison by IP, subcut., and IV routes; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Storage: Sensitive to humidity; keep under argon Uses: Direct food additive; enzyme to convert urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide, in wine to inhibit formation of ethyl carbamate Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1924, GRAS; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Accurate Chem. & Scientific http://www.accuratechemical.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Worthington Biochemical http://www.worthington-biochem.com Urotropine. See Hexamethylenetetramine VAc. See Vinyl acetate Val. See L-Valine Valeral; Valeraldehyde. See n-Valeraldehyde n-Valeraldehyde CAS 110-62-3; EINECS/ELINCS 203-784-4 UN 2058 (DOT); FEMA 3098 Synonyms: Aldehyde C-5; Amylaldehyde; Butyl formal; Pentaldehyde; Pentanal; nPentanal; Valeral; Valeraldehyde; Valerianic aldehyde; Valeric acid aldehyde; Valeric aldehyde; Valerylaldehyde Empirical: C5H10O Formula: CH3(CH2)3CHO Properties: Colorless liq.; sol. in alcohol, ether, propylene glycol, oils; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 86.13; dens. 0.81 (20/4 C); m.p -92 C; b.p. 103.4 C; flash pt. 4 C; ref. index 1.3882 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 50 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 5660 µl/kg, (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 4857 mg/kg; LCLo (inh., rat, 4 h) 4000 ppm; mod. toxic by ing.; mildly toxic by inh., skin contact; severe eye and skin irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire risk Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, fragrance in Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foods Features: Pungent fragrance and flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; BASF http://www.basf.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Dow http://www.dow.com Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Valeraldehyde diethyl acetal CAS 3658-79-5; EINECS/ELINCS 222-909-3 Classification: Ether Empirical: C9H20O2 Properties: Colorless, cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.8260-0.8320; b.p. 163 C; m.w. 160.25; flash pt. (TCC) 97 F; ref. index 1.410 ± 0.02 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Flavoring agent in food Regulatory: Japan approved as a flavoring agent; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Valeriana officinalis; Valeriana officinalis extract; Valeriana officinalis root extract; Valerian extract. See Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) extract Valerianic acid. See n-Valeric acid Valerianic aldehyde. See n-Valeraldehyde Valerian oil. See Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) Valerian root extract. See Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) extract Valerian root oil. See Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) CAS 8008-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-501-7 FEMA 3100 Synonyms: Valerian; Valeriana officinalis; Valerian oil; Valerian root oil Definition: Plant material derived from dried rhizomes and roots of valerian, Valeriana officinalis Empirical: C15H26O Properties: Olive grn., cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 222.37; sp.gr. 0.9420.984; flash pt. 44 C; ref. index 1.4860-1.5025 2066

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Features: Fresh green warm woody balsam rooty animal musk odor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; NF compliance; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: CPB Int'l. http://www.cpbweb.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; PureWorld Botanicals http://www.pureworld.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Stryka Botanics http://www.stryka.com Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) extract CAS 8057-49-6; 8008-88-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-501-7 FEMA 3099 Synonyms: Valeriana officinalis; Valeriana officinalis extract; Valeriana officinalis root extract; Valerian extract; Valerian root extract Definition: Extract of rhizomes and roots of Valeriana officinalis Properties: Powd. Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 3300 mg/kg; irritant by skin or eye contact, ing., and inh. Precaution: Wear safety glasses, dust respirator, protective gloves, and lab coat HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; EP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Active Organics http://www.activeorganics.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Bio-Botanica http://www.bio-botanica.com Biosil Tech. http://www.biosiltech.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; EPO Srl http://www.eposrl.com/ Fabrichem http://www.fabricheminc.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; PureWorld Botanicals Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.pureworld.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Valeric acid. See n-Valeric acid n-Valeric acid CAS 109-52-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-677-2 UN 1760; FEMA 3101 Synonyms: Butanecarboxylic acid; 1Butanecarboxylic acid; Carboxylic acid C5; Pentanoic acid; n-Pentanoic acid; Propylacetic acid; Valerianic acid; Valeric acid Classification: Aliphatic carboxylic acid Definition: Distilled from roots of Valeriana officinalis Empirical: C5H10O2 Formula: CH3(CH2)3COOH Properties: Colorless mobile liq., penetrating rancid odor; sol. in water, alcohol, chloroform, ether, oxygenated solvs.; m.w. 102.14; dens. 0.940 (20/4 C); m.p. -34.5 C; b.p. 186 C; flash pt. (COC) 96 C; ref. index 1.405-1.14; mod. acidic Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 600 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 1290 mg/kg, (subcut., mouse) 3590 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse, 2 h) 4100 mg/m3; mod. toxic by ing., IV, subcut. routes; mildly toxic by inh.; corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq.; DOT: corrosive material Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods; washing/lye peeling of fruits and vegetables Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515, 173.315; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; BASF http://www.basf.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com; Dow http://www.dow.com; ExxonMobil http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com; Fluka

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Grau Aromatics http://www.grauaromatics.de/; Oxford Chems. Ltd http://www.oxfordchemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Prodasynth http://www.prodasynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Valeric acid aldehyde. See n-Valeraldehyde Valeric acid, 2-amino-3-methyl. See LIsoleucine Valeric acid, 2-amino-4-methyl-. See L-Leucine n-Valeric acid cis-3-hexen-1-yl ester. See Hexenyl-cis-3-valerate Valeric acid hexyl ester. See Hexyl valerate Valeric acid, isobutyl ester. See Isobutyl valerate Valeric acid, isopropyl ester. See Isopropyl valerate Valeric acid, methyl ester. See Methyl valerate Valeric aldehyde. See n-Valeraldehyde 4-Valerolactone. See γ-Valerolactone γ-Valerolactone CAS 108-29-2; 57129-69-8; EINECS/ELINCS 203-569-5 FEMA 3103 Synonyms: 4,5-Dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)furanone; 4-Hydroxypentanoic acid lactone; 4-Hydroxyvaleric acid lactone; 3Methylbutyrolactone; 4-Methyl-γbutyrolactone; γ-Methyl-γ-butyrolactone; γPentalactone; 4-Pentanolide; 4Valerolactone Classification: Lactone Empirical: C5H8O2 Properties: Colorless mobile liq., sweet herbaceous odor; misc. with alcohol, fixed oils, water; m.w. 100.13; dens. 1.047-1.054; m.p. 31 C; b.p. 205-206.5 C; flash pt. (COC) 205 F; ref. index 1.433 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 8800 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; mutagenic data; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible liq. exposed to heat or flame; reactive with oxidizers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat, light Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in fruit, dairy, meat formulations Use Level: < 1% Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lluch Essence http://www.lluch-essence.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Valerone. See Diisobutyl ketone Valeryl acetyl. See 2,3-Heptanedione Valerylaldehyde. See n-Valeraldehyde Validol. See Menthyl isovalerate Valine. See L-Valine DL-Valine. See DL-α-Valine DL-α-Valine CAS 516-06-3; EINECS/ELINCS 208-220-0 FEMA 3444 Synonyms: α-Aminoisovaleric acid; DL-2Aminoisovaleric acid; (±)-α-Aminoisovaleric acid; DL-Valine Classification: Amino acid Empirical: C5H11NO2 Formula: (CH3)2CHCH(NH2)COOH Properties: Wh. solid; odorless; sol. 70 g/l in water; m.w. 117.15; m.p. 298 C (dec.) Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods; flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, confectionery, baked goods, puddings, chewing gum, dairy prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320; FEMA 2068

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com L-Valine CAS 72-18-4; EINECS/ELINCS 200-773-6 Synonyms: α-Aminoisovaleric acid; l-(+)-αAminoisovaleric acid; Val; Valine Classification: Essential amino acid Definition: Avail. commercially as the naturally occurring L(+)-enantiomer Empirical: C5H11NO2 Properties: Wh. cryst. solid, char. taste; sol. in water; very sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in ether; m.w. 117.15; dens. 1.230; m.p. 315 C Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 5390 mg/kg; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of NOx Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.320 (limitation 7.4%); BP, EP compliance; Japan approved; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMINO GmbH http://www.aminoactives.com; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Biorganics; Asiamerica Int'l.; Austin http://www.austinchemical.com; Bachem http://bachem.com Boith China http://www.boith.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo http://www.kyowa.co.jp Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Westco Fine Ingreds. http://www.westcofine.com; Whyte Chems. Ltd http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/ Valine aldehyde. See 2-Methylpropanal VAM. See Vinyl acetate Vanilla CAS 8024-06-4; 977004-06-0 FEMA 3104 Synonyms: Protovanol; Vanilla beans; Vanilla flavor; Vanilla planifolia; Vanilla pods; Vanilla tahitensis Definition: Natural prod. obtained from cured fullgrown unripe fruit of Vanilla planifolia or V. tahitensis Properties: Black brown solid paste; sp. gr. 1.019-1.021; ref. index 1.430-1.450 Precaution: Wear chemical safety goggles and protective gloves Storage: Store in tightly sealed and preferably full containers in cool, dry and ventilated area; protect from heat/overheating and light sources Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, ice cream, desserts Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §135.110, 163.111, 163.112, 163.113, 163.114, 163.117, 163.123, 163.130, 163.135, 163.140, 163.145, 163.150, 163.153, 163.155, 169.175, 169.176, 169.178, 169.179, 169.180, 169.3, 182.10, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL; Japan approved Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Borregaard Synthesis http://www.borregaardsynthesis.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; FONA Int'l. http://www.fona.com/; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com Foote & Jenks http://www.footeandjenks.com/; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Hoffmann-LaRoche http://www.rocheusa.com; Int'l. Flavors & Fragrances US http://www.iff.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Robertet http://www.robertet.com/ Spice King; Synthite Ltd http://www.synthite.co.uk; V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com Trade Names Containing: Lemalta Flavor® Vanilla beans. See Vanilla Vanilla extract. See Vanilla planifolia extract Vanilla flavor. See Vanilla Vanillal. See Ethyl vanillin Vanillaldehyde. See Vanillin Vanilla oleoresin; Vanilla oleoresin bali. See Oleoresin vanilla Vanilla planifolia. See Vanilla; Vanilla planifolia extract Vanilla planifolia extract CAS 84650-63-5; EINECS/ELINCS 283-521-8 FEMA 3105 Synonyms: Vanilla extract; Vanilla planifolia Definition: Extract of the fruit of the vanilla, Vanilla planifolia Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, icings, syrups, toppings Regulatory: FDA 21 CFR §169.175; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Cargill Flavors & Fruit Systems USA http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/; INEOS Fluor UK http://www.ineosfluor.com

Vanillic alcohol. See Vanillyl alcohol Vanillic aldehyde. See Vanillin Vanillin CAS 121-33-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-465-2 FEMA 3107 Synonyms: m-Anisaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-; Benzaldehyde, 4-, hydroxy-3-methoxy-; 4Hydroxy-m-anisaldehyde; p-Hydroxy-manisaldehyde; 4-Hydroxy-3methoxybenzaldehyde; 3-Methoxy-4hydroxybenzaldehyde; Methylprotocatechualdehyde; Methylprotocatechuic aldehyde; Protocatechualdehyde, methyl-; Vanillaldehyde; Vanillic aldehyde; p-Vanillin Classification: Substituted aromatic aldehyde Definition: Methyl ether of protocatechuic aldehyde Empirical: C8H8O3 Formula: (CH3O)(OH)C6H3CHO Properties: Wh. cryst. needles; pleasant vanilla odor and taste; sol. in oxygenated and aromatic solvs.; sol. in 125 parts water, 20 parts glycerol, 2 parts 95% alcohol, chloroform, ether; m.w. 152.16; dens. 1.056; vapor pressure 107; m.p. 80-81 C; b.p. 285 C; flash pt. (TCC) 153 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 1580 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 1160 mg/kg, (subcut., rat) 1500 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, dog) 1320 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing., IP, subcut., IV routes; experimental reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible; violent reactions with Br2, HClO4, potassium-t-butoxide, tchlorobenzene + NaOH, formic acid + thallium nitrate; incompat. with strong oxidizers, reducers Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits CO, CO2, acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Moisture- and light-sensitive Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent, adjuvant in foods; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Features: Aromatic, perfume, vanilla-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §135.110, 163.111, 163.112, 163.113, 163.114, 163.117, 163.123, 163.130, 163.135, 163.140, 163.145, 163.150, 163.153, 163.155, 169.180, 169.181, 169.182, 182.60, 182.90, GRAS; FEMA GRAS;

Vanilla pods; Vanilla tahitensis. See Vanilla Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Australia AICS; Canada DSL; Japan approved as flavoring; FDA approved for orals, topicals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMC Chems.; AMRESCO http://www.amrescoinc.com; Adept Sol'ns. Adrian Amer. http://www.adrianusa.com; Advanced BioTech http://www.advbio.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Amalgamet http://www.amalgamet.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Augustus Oils Ltd http://www.augustus-oils.ltd.uk; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com Axxence Aromatic GmbH http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties; CPI Chems. http://www.cpichem.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk; Danisco USA http://www.danisco.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; FONA Int'l. http://www.fona.com/ Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Foote & Jenks http://www.footeandjenks.com/ Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/ H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Int'l. Flavors Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

& Fragrances http://www.iff.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown Capital http://www.crown-capital.com KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kimpton Bros. Ltd http://www.kimpton.co.uk; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Merck KGaA http://www.merck.de; Mitsubishi Chem. http://www.mkagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm; Moore Ingreds. http://www.moorelab.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com; Polysciences http://www.polysciences.com; Prova SA http://www.prova.fr R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com; Rit-Chem http://www.ritchem.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Takasago Int'l. USA http://www.takasago.com/; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names: Rhovanil #174 Fine Mesh; Rhovanil #174 Free Flow; Rhovanil™ ExtraPure Trade Names Containing: Lemalta Flavor®; VV Artificial Vanilla® p-Vanillin. See Vanillin Vanillin acetate CAS 881-68-5; EINECS/ELINCS 212-920-1 FEMA 3108 Synonyms: 4-Acetoxy-3methoxybenzaldehyde; 4-(Acetyl oxy)-32071

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference methoxybenzaldehyde; Acetyl vanillin; 4Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl acetate; 3Methoxy-4-acetoxybenzaldehyde; Vanillyl acetate Empirical: C10H12O4 Formula: CH3CO2C6H3(CHO)OCH3 Properties: Cryst. solid, floral balsamic odor; sol. in alcohol, ether; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 194.19; m.p. 78-79 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Vanillin alcohol. See Vanillyl alcohol Vanillin isobutyrate CAS 20665-85-4; EINECS/ELINCS 243-956-6 FEMA 3754 Synonyms: 4-Hydroxy-meta-anisaldehyde isobutyrate; 4-Hydroxy-3methoxybenzaldehyde 2-methyl propionate; Isobutyl lignate; isobutyric acid ester with vanillin; 2-Methoxy-4-carbaldehyde-phenyl 2-methylpropanoate; Vanillyl isobutyrate Empirical: C12H14O4 Formula: (CH3)2CHCO2C6H3-2-(OCH3)-4-(CHO) Properties: Yel. liq.; sol. in alcohol; sl. sol. in water; m.w. 222.24; dens. 1.120; flash pt. > 230 F; ref. index 1.520-1.526; tenacity > 1 wk. on blotter Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Vanilla-like flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Australia; Canada DSL; Philippines PICCS Manuf./Distrib.: Frutarom Ltd http://www.frutarom.com/; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Takasago Int'l. http://www.takasago.com Vanillin methyl ether. See Veratraldehyde Vanillyl acetate. See Vanillin acetate Vanillylacetone. See Zingerone Vanillyl alcohol CAS 498-00-0; EINECS/ELINCS 207-852-4 FEMA 3737 Synonyms: 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzene methanol; 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol; 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl methanol; 4-(Hydroxymethyl)-2Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

methoxyphenol; 3-Methoxy-4hydroxybenzyl alcohol; Vanillic alcohol; Vanillin alcohol Classification: Aromatic alcohol Empirical: C8H10O3 Formula: HOC6H3(OCH3)CH2OH Properties: Wh. to tan. powd.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 154.17; m.p. 112-115 C Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, ice cream, soft candy, puddings, beverages Features: Sweet flavor Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodiappa.com/ppa/home.jsp; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Vanillyl isobutyrate. See Vanillin isobutyrate N-Vanillylnonamide; N-Vanillylnonanamide; NVanillylnonanoamide; Vanillyl n-nonoylamide; N-Vanillylpelargonamide; Vanillyl perlargonic amide. See Nonanoyl 4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzylamide Varnish linseed oil. See Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil Varnish Makers naphtha; Varnish Makers and Painters naphtha. See VM&P naphtha Vaseline. See Petrolatum Vaterite. See Calcium carbonate Vegetable carbon CAS 7440-44-0; EINECS/ELINCS 215-609-9 INS153; E153 Synonyms: CI 77266; Steam activated carbon; Vegetable carbon black Empirical: C Properties: Black powd.; odorless; insol. in water; sp.gr. 1.8-2.1 pH 5-10 Precaution: Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Thermal decomp.: COx NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Store in a cool, dry ventilated area in a tightly closed container away from moisture and oxidizing agents Uses: Colorant in foods Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg See also Carbon black 2072

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Vegetable carbon black. See Vegetable carbon Vegetable gum. See Dextrin Vegetable lutein; Vegetable luteol. See Xanthophyll Vegetable oil CAS 68956-68-3; 68938-35-2; EINECS/ELINCS 273-313-5 Synonyms: Oils, vegetable; Vegetable oil mist; Viscoleo oil Definition: Expressed oil of vegetable origin consisting primarily of triglycerides of fatty acids Toxicology: OSHA PEL/TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust), 5 mg/m3 (respirable fraction); nuisance mist; may cause contact dermatitis; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Edible oil in shortening, salad dressings, dietary supplements Regulatory: FDA approved for orals, topicals; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aarhus Karlshamn A/S http://www.aak.com/; Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Floratech Am. http://www.floratech.com; Koster Keunen http://www.kosterkeunen.com/ Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Tate & Lyle UK http://www.tateandlyle.com; Terry Labs http://www.terrylabs.com; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Trade Names: Biscuitine™ 500; Friendy SB Trade Names Containing: Adocloud N-100; AFC OWS 550; Avox™ 4; Avox™ 4B; Avox™ 6 Avox™ 8; Avox™ 20A; Avox™ 21; Avox™ 25; Avox™ 26 Beakin LV3; Beakin LV4; Beakin LV30; DPO™ 100; Econo Divider Oil Friendy 55(V); Friendy FF-30; Friendy M; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Metarin™ 436 Metarin™ 785-15K; Metarin™ F; Monofresh Super; Oxynex® AP; Oxynex® L ProKote™ 650; Rolloff 100C; Sofical Beta; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 21 Wundrol 100; Wundrol Super Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Vegetable oil, hydrogenated. See Hydrogenated vegetable oil Vegetable oil mist. See Vegetable oil Vegetable oil mono/diglycerides Uses: Emulsifier and stabilizer for foods Vegetable pepsin. See Papain Vegetable powder Trade Names Containing: Basic Natural™ TM; Cain's PDC (Pizza Dough Conditioner); CDC-2001 Vegetable protein hydrolysate; Vegetable protein, hydrolyzed. See Hydrolyzed vegetable protein Veltol propionate. See Maltyl propionate Venetian turpentine. See Arabinogalactan Veraldehyde, 2-methyl-. See 2-Methylpentanal Veratraldehyde CAS 120-14-9; EINECS/ELINCS 204-373-2 FEMA 3109 Synonyms: 3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde; 3,4Dimethoxybenzenecarbonal; Dimethyl ether protocatechualdehyde; Methyl vanillin; 4-oMethylvanillin; Protocatechualdehyde dimethyl ether; Protocatechuic aldehyde dimethyl ether; Vanillin methyl ether; Veratric aldehyde; Veratryl aldehyde; Vertraldehyde Empirical: C9H10O3 Formula: (CH3O)2C6H3CHO Properties: Need.; vanilla bean odor; freely sol. in alcohol, ether; sol. in oxygenated solvs.; sl. sol. in hot water; m.w. 166.18; m.p. 41-44 C; b.p. 281 C; flash pt. > 230 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2 g/kg; harmful solid; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Sol'ns. oxidize to veratric acid under influence of light Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Vanilla-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: D&O http://dochem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; Rhodia Organics http://www.rhodiappa.com/ppa/home.jsp 2073

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Wutong Aroma http://www.wu-tong.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Veratric aldehyde. See Veratraldehyde Veratrol; Veratrole. See o-Dimethoxybenzene Veratrole methyl ether. See Methyl eugenol Veratryl aldehyde. See Veratraldehyde Verbascum thapsis extract; Verbascum thapsus. See Mullein (Verbascum thapsus) extract Verbena extract; Verbena officinalis. See Verbena officinalis extract Verbena officinalis extract CAS 84961-67-1; EINECS/ELINCS 284-657-0 Synonyms: Verbena extract; Verbena officinalis; Vervain, European, extract; Vervain extract Definition: Extract of Verbena officinalis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Verbena oil. See Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) oil Verbena oil, Indian. See Lemongrass oil West Indian Verbenol CAS 473-67-6; EINECS/ELINCS 207-470-8 FEMA 3594 Synonyms: 4-Hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl bicyclo [3.1.1] hept-2-ene; 2-Pinen-4-ol; Pinen-4-ol Empirical: C10H16O Properties: Wh. crystals; fresh, herbaceous, piney, ozone-like odor; insol. in water; m.w. 152.24; sp. gr. 0.9724; m.p. 52 C; ref. index 1.4900-1.4912 Toxicology: TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, flavor blends Features: Herbaceous pine note Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Bedoukian Research http://www.bedoukian.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Veridian. See Chromium hydroxide green Veronica extract; Veronica officinalis. See Veronica officinalis extract Veronica officinalis extract CAS 85117-19-7; EINECS/ELINCS 285-571-6 Synonyms: Common speedwell extract; Speedwell extract; Veronica extract; Veronica officinalis Definition: Extract of leaves, flowers, and stems of Veronica officinalis Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chr. Hansen Inc http://www.chr-hansen.com Vertenol. See 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol Vertenol isobutyrate. See Prenyl isobutyrate Vertraldehyde. See Veratraldehyde Vervain, European, extract; Vervain extract. See Verbena officinalis extract Vetiveria oil; Vetiveria zizanioides; Vetiveria zizanioides oil. See Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) oil Vetiver oil; Vetivert oil. See Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) oil Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) oil CAS 8016-96-4 Synonyms: Vetiveria oil; Vetiveria zizanioides; Vetiveria zizanioides oil; Vetiver oil; Vetivert oil; Vetyver oil Definition: Volatile oil derived from dried roots of Vetiveria zizanioides Properties: Brownish to yel-brn. liq.;sol. in alcohol, oils, and org. solvents; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.986-0.998; flash pt. 159 F; ref. index 1.521-1.526 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in a closed container in a dry place away from sunlight Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Features: Balsamic, woody, fresh odor; dry, metallic taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chemtex International http://www.chemtexinternational.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem 2074

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/ V. Mane Fils SA http://www.mane.com Vetyver oil. See Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) oil Viburnum. See Viburnum prunifolium Viburnum prunifolium Synonyms: Viburnum Definition: Plant material derived from Viburnum prunifolium Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 See also Black haw (Viburnum prunifolium) bark extract Viburnum prunifolium extract. See Black haw (Viburnum prunifolium) bark extract Vienna white. See Calcium carbonate Vinegar acid. See Acetic acid, glacial; Acetic acid Vinegar naphtha. See Ethyl acetate Vinegar salts. See Calcium acetate Vinyl acetate CAS 108-05-4; EINECS/ELINCS 203-545-4 UN 1301 (DOT) Synonyms: Acetic acid, ethenyl ester; Acetic acid, ethylene ether; Acetic acid, vinyl ester; 1-Acetoxyethylene; Ethanoic acid, ethenyl ester; Ethenyl acetate; Ethenyl ethanoate; VAc; VAM; Vinyl acetate, inhibited; Vinyl acetate monomer; Vinyl ethanoate Classification: Unsaturated carboxylic acid ester Empirical: C4H6O2 Formula: CH3COOCH=CH2 Properties: Colorless liq.; char. odor; polymerizes in light to a colorless transparent mass; sol. 1 g/50 ml water (20 C); sol. in ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, chloroform, most org. solvs.; m.w. 86.09; dens. 0.932 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 100 mm (21.5 C); m.p. -93 C; b.p. 71-73 C; flash pt. (CC) -8 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm; STEL 20 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) 2.92 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2335 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., mouse, 4 h) 1550 ppm; mod. toxic by ing., inh., IP routes; skin and eye irritant; lachrymator; suspected carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, reproductive effector; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Precaution: Flamm.; dangerous fire risk exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers; flamm. limits in air 2.6-13.4%; storage hazard, may undergo spontaneous exothermic polymerization; reactions with air or water can trigger explosions Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, acrid fumes NFPA: Health 2, Flammability 3, Reactivity 2 Uses: Esterification agent for food starch modified Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.892, 175.105, 175.320, 175.350, 176.170, 176.180, 177.1330, 177.1350, 177.1360, 177.1390, 177.2250, 177.2260, 177.2800; HAP; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; BP Chemicals http://www.bp.com; Celanese http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com Dow http://www.dow.com; DuPont http://www.dupont.com; Equistar http://www.equistarchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Millennium http://www.millenniumchem.com Multichem http://www.multichem.ca; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Wacker-Chemie AG http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/index .jsp Vinyl acetate homopolymer. See Polyvinyl acetate Vinyl acetate, inhibited; Vinyl acetate monomer. See Vinyl acetate Vinyl acetate polymer; Vinyl acetate resin. See Polyvinyl acetate Vinyl alcohol polymer. See Polyvinyl alcohol Vinylbenzene. See Styrene Vinylbenzene polymer. See Polystyrene Vinylbenzol. See Styrene N-Vinylbutyrolactam polymer. See PVP Vinyl carbinyl butyrate. See Allyl butyrate Vinyl carbinyl cinnamate. See Allyl cinnamate p-Vinylcatechol-O-methyl ether. See 2-Methoxy4-vinylphenol Vinyl ethanoate. See Vinyl acetate Vinyl ethyl ketone. See Ethyl vinyl ketone Vinyl guaiacol; p-Vinylguaiacol. See 2-Methoxy4-vinylphenol 2075

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference cis- and trans-2-Vinyl-2-methyl-5-(1´-hydroxy-1´methylethyl) tetrahydrofuran. See Linalool oxide 4-Vinylphenol. See p-Vinylphenol p-Vinylphenol CAS 2628-17-3; EINECS/ELINCS 220-103-6 FEMA 3739 Synonyms: 4- Ethenyl phenol; 4Hydroxystyrene; p-Hydroxystyrene; 4Vinylphenol; 4-VP Empirical: C8H8O Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; m.w. 120.15; sp. gr. 1.03900; m.p. 73 C; flash pt. (TCC) 140 F; ref. index 1.5450 Toxicology: Toxic by inh.; respiratory and skin sensitizer; may impair fertility Uses: Flavoring agent in foods and beverages Features: Phenolic, medicinal, spicy taste Regulatory: Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; ProSynth Ltd http://www.prosynth.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 3-Vinylpropionic acid. See 4-Pentenoic acid 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone homopolymer. See Crospovidone 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone polymer; Vinyl pyrrolidone homopolymer; N-Vinylpyrrolidone polymer. See PVP Viola odorata; Viola odorata flowers and leaves. See Violet Viola tricolor; Viola tricolor extract. See Pansy (Viola tricolor) extract Violet CAS 8024-08-6 FEMA 3110 Synonyms: Viola odorata; Viola odorata flowers and leaves; Violet flowers and leaves; Violet leaf absolute Definition: Derived from flowers and leaves of Viola odorata Properties: Dk. green, amber, visc. liq.; sol. in alcohol; paraffin oil; and propylene glycol; insol. in water Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS (violet leaves absolute) Manuf./Distrib.: Biolandes http://www.biolandes.com; Eramex Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Violet flowers and leaves; Violet leaf absolute. See Violet Violet leaf alcohol. See 2,6-Nonadien-1-ol; 2trans,6-cis-Nonadienol Violoxanthin CAS 126-29-4 INS161e; E161e Uses: Colorant in foods Regulatory: Not permitted in food (EU) Viosterol. See Ergocalciferol Vipers bugloss (Echium plantagineum) oil CAS 84988-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 284-877-7 Uses: Nutritional supplement Trade Names: Crossential® SA-14 Virginia snakeroot. See Serpentaria (Aristolochia serpentaria) Viridine. See Phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal Viscoleo oil. See Vegetable oil Vital wheat gluten. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Vitamin A. See Retinol Vitamin A acetate. See Retinyl acetate Vitamin A palmitate. See Retinyl palmitate Vitamin B1. See Thiamine Vitamin B2. See Riboflavin Vitamin B3. See Niacinamide Vitamin B5. See Calcium D-pantothenate Vitamin B6. See Pyridoxine Vitamin B7. See L-Carnitine; d-Biotin Vitamin B9. See Folic acid Vitamin B12. See Cyanocobalamin Vitamin C. See L-Ascorbic acid Vitamin D2. See Ergocalciferol Vitamin D3. See Cholecalciferol Vitamin E. See D-α-Tocopherol; DL-αTocopherol; Tocopherol Vitamin H. See d-Biotin; p-Aminobenzoic acid Vitamin K1 CAS 84-80-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-564-2 Synonyms: Antihemorrhagic vitamin; 2Methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone; 2Methyl-3-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2hexadecenyl)-1,4-naphthalenedione; 2Methyl-3-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadec-2enyl)-(1,4) naphthoquinone; 1,42076

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Naphthalenedione, 2-methyl-3-(3,7,11,15tetramethyl-2-hexadecenyl)-; Phylloquinone; α-Phylloquinone; transPhylloquinone; Phyloquinone; Phytodione; Phytomenadione; Phytonadione (INCI); 3Phytylmenadione Classification: Aromatic ketone Definition: Commercial prod. is a mixt. of cisand trans-isomers with trans-isomer predominating Empirical: C31H46O2 Formula: CH3C10H4O2C20H39 Properties: Yel. visc. oil or cryst.; odorless; insol. in water; sparingly sol. in methanol; sol. in ethanol, acetone, benzene, petrol. ether, hexane, dioxane, chloroform, ether, other fat solvs., veg. oils; m.w. 450.68; dens. 0.984; m.p. -20 C; ref. index 1.525 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 25 g/kg; LDLo (subcut., mouse) 1 g/kg; mod. toxic by subcut. route; mildly toxic by ing.; no adverse human effects with prolonged ingestion; TSCA listed Precaution: Unaffected by dil. acids, but destroyed by sol'ns. of alkali hydroxides and by reducing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Keep well closed and protected from light Uses: Nutrient, vitamin in foods, infant formulas, food supplements Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; BASF AG http://www.basf.de; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Xinchem http://www.finechemnet.com Trade Names: Vitamin K1 Dry Powd. 1% GFP; Vitamin K1 Dry Powd. 5% GFP Vitamin M. See Folic acid Vitamin E acetate. See d-α-Tocopheryl acetate; Tocopheryl acetate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

trans-Vitamin A acetate. See Retinyl acetate Vitamin E acid succinate. See Tocopheryl succinate Vitamin A alcohol. See Retinol Vitamin A alcohol acetate. See Retinyl acetate all-trans-Vitamin A alcohol. See Retinol Vitamin Bc. See Folic acid Vitamin BX. See p-Aminobenzoic acid Vitamin B5, calcium salt. See Calcium Dpantothenate Vitamin B12 complex. See Cyanocobalamin Vitamin G. See Riboflavin Vitamin B1 hydrochloride. See Thiamine HCl Vitamin B6 hydrochloride. See Pyridoxine HCl Vitamin B1 mononitrate; Vitamin B1 nitrate. See Thiamine nitrate Vitamin B2 phosphate sodium. See Riboflavin5´-phosphate sodium Vitamin PP. See Niacinamide Vitamin C sodium salt. See Sodium ascorbate Vitamin E succinate. See Tocopheryl succinate VLO. See Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil VM&P naphtha CAS 8032-32-4; EINECS/ELINCS 232-453-7 UN 1255 (DOT); 1271 (DOT) Synonyms: Benzin; Benzine (light petroleum distillate); Benzoline; Ligroin; Ligroine; Mineral spirits; Naphtha, petroleum; Naphtha, VM&P; Painters naphtha; Petroleum ether; Petroleum naphtha; Petroleum spirit; Petroleum spirits; Petroleum thinner; Refined solvent naphtha; Solvent naphtha; Varnish Makers naphtha; Varnish Makers and Painters naphtha; White spirit Classification: Hydrocarbon Definition: Complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum; narrow boiling fraction of petroleum with distillation range 119-143 C Properties: Colorless clear liq.; gasoline odor; nonfluorescent; volatile; insol. in water; dens. 0.850-0.870 (15.6/15.6 C); vapor pressure 40 mm Hg (20 C); pour pt. -56 C; b.p. 93-204 C; flash pt. (TCC) -6.6 C; autoignition temp. 232 C; ref. index 1.3630 Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 300 ppm; LD50 (oral, rat) > 5000 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 3000 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 40 mg/kg; LC50 (inh., rat, 4 h) 3400 ppm; poison by IV; mildly toxic by inh.; eye, skin, and respiratory irritant; ing. can cause vomiting, diarrhea, 2077

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference drowsiness, pulmonary edema in severe cases; inh. of vapor can cause intoxication, headache; target organs: respiratory system, eyes, skin, CNS, blood, PNS; TSCA listed Environmental: VOC Precaution: Flamm.; LEL 1%; UEL 6%; dangerous fire hazard exposed to heat, flame, sparks, or oxidizers; explosive as vapor exposed to heat or flame Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes NFPA: Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0 Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §178.3800; SARA §311/312 acute health/chronic health/fire hazard; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Amyl http://www.amyl.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Chevron http://www.chevron.com/; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com Harcros http://www.harcroschem.com; Romil Ltd http://www.romil.com; Shell http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Special Naphtholite 66/3 See also Naphtha Volatile oil of mustard. See Allyl isothiocyanate 4-VP. See p-Vinylphenol Wall germander extract. See Germander (Teucrium chamaedrys) extract Walnut extract; Walnut hull extract. See Walnut (Juglans regia) extract Walnut (Juglans regia) leaf extract CAS 84012-43-1; 977091-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 281-688-1 Synonyms: Juglans regia; Juglans regia leaf extract; Walnut leaf extract; Walnut leaves extract Definition: Extract of the leaves of the walnut, Juglans regia Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Walnut (Juglans regia) oil CAS 8024-09-7; 84604-00-2 Synonyms: Juglans regia; Juglans regia oil; Walnut oil Definition: Oil derived from the nut meats of Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

walnuts, Juglans regia Properties: Pale yel. oily liq.; veg, odor; oil; insol. in water; dens. 0.93 kg/l; vapor dens. > 1.0; iodine no. 145-155; sapon. no. 190; flash pt. >300 F;ref. index 1.4691 (40 C) Toxicology: TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: None Storage: Store away from flame, fire, and excessive heat Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; edible oil for cooking/salad oils Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510, 175.300; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/; Natural Oils Int'l. http://www.naturaloils.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Thornley http://www.thornleycompany.com/; Welch, Holme & Clark http://www.welch-holmeclark.com Walnut (Juglans regia) extract CAS 84012-43-1; EINECS/ELINCS 281-688-1 FEMA 3111 Synonyms: Juglans regia; Juglans regia extract; Walnut extract; Walnut hull extract Definition: Extract of the husk and shells of the nut of Juglans regia Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 75 mg/kg; TSCA listed Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ Walnut leaf extract; Walnut leaves extract. See Walnut (Juglans regia) leaf extract Walnut oil. See Walnut (Juglans regia) oil Washing soda. See Sodium carbonate

2078

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Water CAS 7732-18-5; EINECS/ELINCS 231-791-2 Synonyms: Aqua; Deionized water; Distilled water; Hydrogen dioxide; Ice; Purified water; Steam Classification: Polar liq. Empirical: H2O Properties: Colorless liq.; odorless; tasteless; m.w. 18.02; dens. 1.00 (4 C); vapor pressure 760 mm Hg (100 C); f.p. 0 C; b.p. 100 C; ref. index 1.333; surf. tens. 73 dynes/cm (20 C); high dielec. const.; weak electrolyte Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 190 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 25 g/kg; human systemic effects by ing. of very large amts. (body temp. inc., convulsions, diarrhea, fever, hypermotility, muscle contraction/spasticity, nausea, vomiting, tremors); human and experimental death reported at sufficiently large doses; TSCA listed Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §165.110; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Trade Names Containing: Britesorb® D300 Beer Stabilizer; Britesorb® D300CE Beer Stabilizer Water glass. See Sodium metasilicate; Sodium silicate Waxes, carnauba. See Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax Waxes, microcrystalline. See Microcrystalline wax Waxes, rice bran. See Rice (Oryza sativa) wax Waxes and waxy substances, shellac. See Shellac wax Waxy corn starch; Waxy maize starch. See Corn starch, waxy West Indian bay leaf oil. See Bay (Pimenta acris) oil West Indian bay oil. See Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil West Indian lemongrass oil. See Lemongrass oil West Indian West Indian lime oil. See Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil West Indian rosewood oil. See Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) oil West Indian sandalwood. See Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) West Indian sandalwood oil. See Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) oil Wheat bran. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Wheat fiber Uses: Dietary fiber, water binder in foods Trade Names: JustFiber® WWF10; JustFiber® WWF40; JustFiber® WWF200; JustFiber® WWF300; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 200; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600/30; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel HS 73 Trade Names Containing: Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel WFG HS 73 Wheat flour. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour Wheat germ. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Wheat germ oil. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil Wheat gluten. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Wheat grits Trade Names Containing: Novamyl™ 1500 MG Wheat husk oil. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil Wheat protein. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein Wheat protein hydrolysate. See Hydrolyzed wheat protein Wheat starch. See Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch; Starch Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran Synonyms: Triticum vulgare; Triticum vulgare bran; Wheat bran Definition: Broken coat material of grains of wheat, Triticum vulgare Uses: Natural fiber, dietary fiber for foods, supplements Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr Trade Names: Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Red Wheat Bran; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized White Wheat Bran Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour CAS 130498-22-5; EINECS/ELINCS 310-127-6 Synonyms: Flour, wheat; Triticum vulgare; Wheat flour Definition: Milled flour from kernels of wheat, Triticum vulgare Uses: Mold inhibitor, pH control agent, flavor enhancer, aroma enhancer for baked goods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §137.105; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Havero Hoogwegt BV http://www.havero.nl; Hesco 2079

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.hescoinc.com/hesco/default.asp Trade Names: Homecraft™ Create 730; Homecraft™ Create 765; Homecraft™ Express 760; Mold-Out® Trade Names Containing: 2X White Sour; Arco B NB; Asset; Bake Soft; CDC-10A CDC-10A (NB); CDC-79; CDC-2001; CDC2500; C.P. 30 Crust EZE; Do Crest 60; Eversoft Plus Kosher; Imperial FD; Monofresh Super Natural Flavor White Sour; N-So-Soft; Simplex; Sof-One; Soft Cel® (Without Soy Flour) Sour Dough Base; Vitalex® A; White Sour Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ Synonyms: Triticum vulgare; Triticum vulgare germ; Wheat germ Definition: Natural prod. obtained from the embryo of the bran of the wheat separated in milling Uses: Nutrient, flavoring agent, source of protein, dietary fiber, and complex carbohydrates in foods; filler for meat prods.; extender for spices Trade Names: Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ; Defatted Wheat Germ #1; Defatted Wheat Germ #2; Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #5 Defatted Wheat Germ #6; Defatted Wheat Germ #8; Defatted Wheat Germ #9; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Flour Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Granules; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R80R Flour Trade Names Containing: Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil CAS 8006-95-9; 68917-73-7 Synonyms: Bran absolute; Triticum aestivum germ oil; Triticum vulgare; Triticum vulgare oil; Wheat germ oil; Wheat husk oil Definition: Oil obtained by expression or extraction of wheat germ Properties: Lt. yel. oily liq.; bland; fat-sol.; misc. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

with chloroform, ether, benzene, petrol. ether; sl. sol. in alcohol; insol. in water; dens. 0.930.94; acid no. 6-20; iodine no. 120-140; sapon. no. 179-194; hyd. no. 10-48; ref. index 1.4691.479 Toxicology: Skin and eye irritant; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Food ingred., nutrient, dietary supplement, natural vitamin E source Regulatory: BP, EP compliance (refined and virgin) Manuf./Distrib.: ABITEC http://www.abiteccorp.com; Aarhus Karlshamn UK http://www.aak.com; Aldivia http://www.aldivia.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com Arista Ind. http://www.aristaindustries.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Cosmetic Supplies USA http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com; Croda Chem. Europe Ltd http://www.croda.co.uk; Croda Inc http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com; Desert Whale Jojoba http://www.desertwhale.com/; GR Davis http://www.grdavis.com.au/ Henry Lamotte http://www.lamotte.de; Jeen Int'l. http://www.jeen.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lipo http://www.lipochemicals.com/; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be Natural Oils Int'l. http://www.naturaloils.com; Parchem Trading http://www.par-chem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pokonobe Ind. http://www.pokonobe.com; Provital Quimdis; RITA http://www.ritacorp.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; S. Black http://www.sblack.com; Spectrum Naturals http://www.spectrumnaturals.com Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Viobin http://www.viobinusa.com/; Vitamins, Inc 2080

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://vitamins-inc.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Westhove http://www.westhove.com Trade Names: Lipovol WGO; Viobin Wheat Germ Oil; Vitinc® Wheat Germ Oil Trade Names Containing: Rex® Vitamin Fortified Wheat Germ Oil Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten CAS 8002-80-0; 93384-22-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-317-7; 297-233-5 Synonyms: Devitalized wheat gluten; Gluten; Gutens, wheat; Triticum vulgare; Triticum vulgare gluten; Vital wheat gluten; Wheat gluten Definition: Principal protein component of wheat; consists mainly of gliadin and glutenin Properties: Cream to lt. tan powd.; sol. in alkalis; partly sol. in alcohol, dil. acids Toxicology: No known toxicity; certain individuals may have gluten sensitivity or intolerance; ingestion may cause hives and angioedema; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; dough conditioner, dough strengthener, formulation aid, nutrient supplement, processing aid, stabilizer, thickener, surface-finishing agent, texturizer, filler, binder in foods; flour substitute Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1322, GRAS; FDA approved for orals Manuf./Distrib.: Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Avebe http://www.avebe.com; Hesco http://www.hescoinc.com/hesco/default.asp; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Amygluten 110; Bar ENRICH™ 040; Biogluten 130; Meatbind®-3000; Provim ESP® SQ®-48; Whetpro®-75; Whetpro®-80 Trade Names Containing: Doughmaster FR(V); MG-60; MG-F; MG-S Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein Synonyms: Proteins, triticum vulgare; Proteins, wheat; Triticum vulgare; Triticum vulgare protein; Wheat protein Definition: Protein obtained from wheat, Triticum vulgare Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Uses: Ice crystal inhibitor in ice cream; extender/replacement for meat in vegetarian prods.; protein supplement, rheology modifier, texturizer, water binder for foods, pan-baked bread, frozen bread doughs Manuf./Distrib.: Havero Hoogwegt BV http://www.havero.nl; Midwest Grain Prods. http://www.midwestgrain.com Trade Names: Arise 5000™; Arise 6000™; Arise 8000™; FP600; Wheatex™ Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch CAS 9005-25-8; 977052-26-8; EINECS/ELINCS 232-679-6 Synonyms: Triticum vulgare; Triticum vulgare starch; Wheat starch Definition: Starch obtained from wheat, Triticum vulgare, contg. amylose and amylopectin Empirical: (C6H10O5)n Properties: Lenticular or spherical gran. Toxicology: May cause allergic reactions such as red eyes or stuffy nose; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Filler, binder, thickener for foods; sugar grinding applics.; migrating from cotton in dry food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 178.3520, 182.70; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Avebe http://www.avebe.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fitltd.com; Havero Hoogwegt BV http://www.havero.nl; Roquette http://www.roquette.fr Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com Trade Names: Aytex®-P; Edigel® 100 Powder Wheat Starch; Fibersym® RW; Midset™ 30; Midsol™ 1 Midsol™ 2AD; Midsol™ 4; Midsol™ 46; Midsol™ 50; Midsol™ 75 Midsol™ Adhere; Midsol™ Adhere Plus; Midsol™ Krisp; Paygel® 290/295; Pregel 10 Pregel 40; Pregel 46; Whetstar® 3 Food Powd. Wheat Starch Trade Names Containing: Alcolec® HWS; Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid; Bealite™ EV; Bulgur Enrichment

2081

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Doh-Tone; Doughmaker 4; Dri-Mol®; DriMol® 60; Dri-Mol® 604 Dri-Mol® Flake; Flo-Malt®; Honi-Bake®; Honi-Bake® 705; Honi-Flake Honi-Flake 705; Macaroni Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000 Sweet'n'Neat® 5000; Sweet'N'Neat® 7000 Dry Malt Flakes; Sweet'N'Neat® Dry Raisin Flakes; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Roast Honey Nut Coating Sweet'n'Neat® Oil Roast Honey Nut Coating; Yellow Blend No. 3300 Powd. Whey CAS 92129-90-3 Synonyms: Lacto-serum Definition: Liq. substance obtained by separating coagulum from milk, cream, or skim milk in cheesemaking; as sweet or acid whey, conc. whey, or dried whey; contains typically 5% lactose, 1% protein, 1% fats, salts, lactic acid Uses: Food ingred. in cheese-making; animal feed ingred. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.4, 131.111, 131.112, 131.130, 131.170, 131.200, 131.203, 131.206, 133.111, 133.133, 133.147, 135.110, 135.140, 166.110, 184.1979, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Blossom Farm Prods. Trade Names: Esprion® 300 Trade Names Containing: CFI-10; Dairyland C 270; Do Sure; Esprion® 611; Extram® H Whey, delactosed. See Whey, reduced lactose Whey, dry Synonyms: Dried whey; Dry whey; Whey powder Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Binder, extender in foods, beef, chili con carne, poultry, sausage, soups, stews Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §184.1979, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7, 381.147 Manuf./Distrib.: Blossom Farm Prods.; DMV Int'l. http://www.dmv-international.com; Fonterra NZ - Ingreds. http://www.fonterra.com; Induxtra de Suministros Llorella SA http://www.induxtra.com; J.L. Priestley & Co. Ltd Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

J.W. Pike Ltd; Land O'Lakes http://www.international.landolakes.com; Meggle GmbH http://www.meggle.de Trade Names Containing: Sour Dough Base Whey powder. See Whey, dry Whey protein CAS 84082-51-9; 977102-05-8; EINECS/ELINCS 281-998-7 Synonyms: Hydrolyzed lacalbumin; Lactis proteinum; Protein, whey; Whey protein concentrate Definition: Polypeptide obtained from the fluid part of milk after separation from curds Uses: Moisture retention agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, opacifier, protein fortifier, fat replacer in foods; ingred. in cheesemaking; protein source in animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §135.110, 135.140, 184.1979c Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Carbery Food Ingreds. Ltd http://www.carbery.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com; Foremost Farms USA http://www.foremostfarms.com/ Friesland Foods Domo http://www.domo.nl/; Havero Hoogwegt BV http://www.havero.nl; Leprino Foods http://www.leprinofoods.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Trade Names: Avonlac™ 134; Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180; BarFlex® 171; CFM® 190 Cysteine Peption; HLA-209; LE 80 BT; Provon® 190 HS; Textrion PROGEL 800 Thermax® 34 Trade Names Containing: Cake STA; Eleggance™; Provon® 290; Provon® A-190; Vascomix 404 Whey protein concentrate. See Whey protein Whey, reduced lactose CAS 92129-93-6 Synonyms: Reduced lactose whey; Whey, delactosed Definition: Substance obtained by removal of lactose from whey; as fluid, conc., or dried Uses: Binder for beef, chili con carne, sausage, soups, stew Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §135.110, 135.140, 166.110, 184.1979a, GRAS; USDA 9CFR §318.7 Manuf./Distrib.: Blossom Farm Prods. 2082

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Trade Names Containing: Emser® 736 Whiskey fusel oil. See Fusel oil refined White beeswax. See Beeswax, white; Beeswax White camphor oil. See Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil White caustic. See Sodium hydroxide White cedar extract. See Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) extract White cedarleaf oil; White cedar oil. See Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil White charcoal. See Magnesium oxide White copperas. See Zinc sulfate White crystal. See Sodium chloride White dextrin. See Dextrin White flag extract. See Orris (Iris florentina) extract; Orris root extract White gelatin. See Gelatin White jasmine extract. See Jasmine (Jasminum officinale) extract White mineral oil; White oil. See Mineral oil White petrolatum. See Petrolatum White pine oil. See Pine (Pinus palustris) oil White powder. See Calcium carbonate White sandalwood. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) White sandalwood extract. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) extract White sandalwood oil. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil White shellac. See Shellac White soft paraffin. See Petrolatum White spirit. See VM&P naphtha White spirits. See Stoddard solvent White tea tree. See Cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendron) oil White thyme extract. See Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract White thyme oil. See Thyme oil red White vitriol. See Zinc sulfate heptahydrate; Zinc sulfate White wax. See Beeswax, white; Beeswax Whiting. See Calcium carbonate Whole dried egg. See Egg powder Whole oat Uses: Dietary fiber Trade Names Containing: Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oatex® Wild bergamot. See Horsemint (Monarda punctata) extract Wild chamomile extract. See Matricaria (Chamomilla recutita) extract Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Wild chamomile oil. See Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil Wild cherry bark extract. See Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) bark extract Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) bark extract CAS 84604-07-9; EINECS/ELINCS 283-284-0 FEMA 2276 Synonyms: Prunus serotina; Prunus serotina bark extract; Prunus serotina extract; Wild cherry bark extract Definition: Extract derived from bark of wild cherry, Prunus serotina Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, puddings, alcoholic beverages, syrups Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; BioBotanica http://www.bio-botanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Wild geranium extract. See Geranium maculatum extract Wild ginger, Canadian, oil; Wild ginger oil. See Snakeroot (Asarum canadense) oil Wild marjoram extract CAS 8015-01-8 Synonyms: Origanum vulgare; Origanum vulgare extract Definition: Extract of flowering ends of Origanum vulgare Properties: Pale yel. to grnsh. liq.; sol. in oils and org. solvents; insol. in water; sp.gr. 0.8900.906; flash pt. (CC) 61 C; ref. index 1.4701.475 Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in in closed container, in a dark and dry place Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Features: Herbaceous, conifers, balsamic; taste: spicy, woody, berry note Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com Trade Names: Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS; Origanox™ WS-LB Trade Names Containing: Origanox™ WS-CR Wild pansy extract. See Pansy (Viola tricolor) extract Wild pennyroyal. See Mentha arvensis oil 2083

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Wild thyme extract. See Wild thyme (Thymus serpillum) extract Wild thyme (Thymus serpillum) extract CAS 84776-98-7; EINECS/ELINCS 284-023-3 Synonyms: Creeping thyme extract; Mother of thyme extract; Thyme extract, creeping; Thyme extract, wild; Thymus serpillum; Thymus serpillum extract; Thymus serpyllum; Thymus serpyllum extract; Wild thyme extract Definition: Extract of the herb of the wild thyme, Thymus serpyllum Properties: Orange to pale yel. liq.; sol. in oils and org. solvents; insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.8900.930; flash pt (CC) 58 C; ref. index 1.4781.495 Toxicology: LD50 (IP, mouse) 500 mg/kg Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in a closed container in a dark, dry place Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Features: Spicy taste Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Moellhausen http://www.moellhausen.com Wilkinite. See Bentonite Willinite. See Aluminum silicate Wine ether. See Ethyl pelargonate Wine fuel oil. See Fusel oil refined Wine yeast oil. See Cognac oil, green or white Wintergreen extract. See Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) extract Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) extract CAS 90045-28-6; EINECS/ELINCS 289-888-0 FEMA 3112 Synonyms: Checkerberry extract; Gaultheria procumbens; Gaultheria procumbens extract; Wintergreen extract Definition: Extract derived from Gaultheria procumbens Properties: Colorless to yel.-redsh. liq. Storage: 24 mos. shelf life; store in closed container, in a dark, fresh and dry place Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) oil CAS 68917-75-9 FEMA 3113 Synonyms: Checkerberry oil; Gaultheria Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

procumbens; Gaultheria procumbens oil; Partridge vine oil China; Sweet birch oil; Teaberry oil; Wintergreen oil; Wintergreen oil, China; Wintergreen oil, Chinese Definition: Oil derived from Gaultheria procumbens Properties: Pale yel. to reddish brn. liq.; intensely sweet odor; sol. in paraffin oil, alcohol; sl. sol. in water; insol. in propylene glycol; sp.gr. 1.17618-1.18200; ref. index 1.52900-1.54100 (20 C) Toxicology: Toxic; strong irritant; ing. of sm. amts. may cause severe poisoning and death; very irritating to mucous membranes and skin; absorbed readily through the skin; TSCA listed HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Japan approved; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced BioTech http://www.adv-bio.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Chinessence http://www.chinessence.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Virginia Dare Extract http://www.virginiadare.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com See also Methyl salicylate Wintergreen oil. See Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) oil; Methyl salicylate Wintergreen oil, China; Wintergreen oil, Chinese. See Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) oil Winter savory oil. See Winter savory (Satureja montana) oil Winter savory (Satureja montana) oil CAS 977029-74-5 FEMA 3016 Synonyms: Satureia montana; Satureia montana oil; Satureja montana; Satureja montana oil; Savory oil, winter; Savory, 2084

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference winter, oil; Winter savory oil Definition: Oil from Satureja montana Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, candy, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Wolf's bane. See Arnica montana Wood alcohol. See Methyl alcohol Wood creosote. See Beechwood creosote Wood naphtha. See Methyl alcohol Wood pulp, bleached. See Cellulose Wood rosin. See Rosin Woodruff (Asperula odorata) extract CAS 90028-83-4; EINECS/ELINCS 289-877-0 Synonyms: Asperula odorata; Asperula odorata extract; Sweet woodruff extract; Woodruff extract; Woodruff, sweet, extract Definition: Extract of the leaves and flowers of the woodruff, Asperula odorata Properties: Dk, grn. visc. liq. Uses: Natural flavoring agent in alcoholic beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Chart http://www.chartcorp.com Woodruff extract; Woodruff, sweet, extract. See Woodruff (Asperula odorata) extract Wood spirit. See Methyl alcohol Wood sugar. See D(+)-Xylose Wood turpentine. See Turpentine Wood vinegar. See Pyroligneous acid Wool fat; Wool grease; Wool wax. See Lanolin Wormwood; Wormwood acid. See Succinic acid Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil CAS 8008-93-3 FEMA 3115; 3116 Synonyms: Absinthe oil; Absinthium oil; Armoise oil; Artemisia absinthium; Artemisia absinthium oil; Artemisia oil; Artemisia vulgaris oil; Mugwort oil; Wormwood oil Definition: Volatile oil from leaves and tops of Artemisia absinthium, contg. thujyl alcohol and acetate, thujone, phellandrene, cadinene Properties: Almost colorless, yel. amber, to dk. grn. or brn. oily liq.; very strong odor; sol. in ether, 2 vols 80% alcohol; very sl. sol. in water; dens. 0.925-0.955 (15/15 C); flash pt. 132 F; ref. index 1.460-1.4741 (20 C) Toxicology: Liq. may irritate eyes and skin, cause dermatitis; repeated contact may cause Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

allergic dermatological reactions; a narcotic poison in large or repeated doses, causing headache, trembling, and convulsions; ing. of the volatile oil may cause GI symptoms, nervousness, stupor, coma, and death Precaution: Combustible; will ignite if moderately heated Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Forms CO, CO2 on burning Storage: Store in cool, dry area in tightly closed containers; protect from light Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods, beverages, alcoholic beverages, vermouth, ice cream, candy, baked goods, formerly in absinthe Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Berje http://www.berjeinc.com; Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Lebermuth http://www.lebermuth.com; Liberty Natural Prods. http://www.libertynatural.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Polarome Int'l. http://www.polarome.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Wormwood oil. See Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil WS-23. See N,2,3-Trimethyl-2isopropylbutamide Xanthan. See Xanthan gum Xanthan gum CAS 11138-66-2; EINECS/ELINCS 234-394-2 INS415; E415 Synonyms: Corn sugar gum; Xanthan Classification: Polysaccharide gum Definition: High m.w. hetero polysaccharide gum produced by a pure-culture fermentation of a carbohydrate with Xanthomonas campestris; contains D-glucose, D-mannose, and Dglucuronic acid and is prepared as the sodium, potassium, or calcium salt Properties: Wh. to cream-colored powd., sl. organic odor, tasteless; sol. in hot or cold water producing visc. highly-pseudoplastic sol'ns.; insol. in oils, most org. solvs.; visc. 600 cps min.; unaffected by high or low pH 2085

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Toxicology: No known toxicity; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Storage: Very hygroscopic Uses: Thickener, suspending agent, stabilizer, emulsifier, binder, moisture control agent, bodying agent, extender, foam booster/stabilizer in foods, baked goods, beverages, chili, desserts, gravies, jams, milk prods., poultry, salad dressings, sauces, stews Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §133.124, 133.133, 133.134, 133.162, 133.178, 133.179, 172.695, 176.170, 177.1350; USDA 9CFR §318.7 (limitation 8%), 381.147; Japan, JCID, Europe, UK approvals; FDA approved for orals, rectals, topicals; Canada DSL; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: A&E Connock http://www.connock.co.uk; AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; ADM http://www.admworld.com AEP Colloids http://www.aepcolloids.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Akzo Nobel UK http://www.akzonobel.uk.com/; Alban Muller http://www.albanmuller.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Alfred L. Wolff GmbH http://www.alwolff.de; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Arthur Branwell http://www.branwell.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Brenntag Southeast; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; CP Kelco http://www.cpkelco.com Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar USA http://www.cargill.com/; Cesalpinia Food http://www.cesalpiniafood.com; Charkit http://www.charkit.com Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Chemcolloids Ltd http://www.chemcolloids.com; Colloides Naturels Int'l. http://www.cniworld.com; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Colony Ind.; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Eggar & Co. http://www.eggar.co.uk/; F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd http://www.fgutkind.com/; FMC Biopolymer http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Food Ingred. Tech. Ltd http://www.fit-ltd.com Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Gumix Int'l.; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/ Healan Ingreds. Ltd http://www.healan.com/; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jungbunzlauer http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lucid Colloids http://www.lucidgroup.com/; Monsanto http://www.monsanto.com; P.L. Thomas http://www.plthomas.com; Pangaea Sciences http://www.pangaeasciences.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com; R.T. Vanderbilt http://www.rtvanderbilt.com; HallStar http://www.hallstar.com Rhodia HPCII http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com; Rhodia http://www.rhodia.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sanofiaventis http://www.sanofi-aventis.us; Sansho http://www.sansho.co.jp Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Spice King; TIC Gums http://www.ticgums.com Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd http://www.thewarnott.co.uk; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Triple Crown Am. http://www.triplecrownamerica.com; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com

2086

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference V.L. Clark http://www.vlclark.com; Valmar http://www.valmarsa.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SUPRA; GRINDSTED®Xanthan ULTRA; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Keltrol®; Keltrol® 521; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® CR; Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® HP 594 Keltrol® RD 576; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® T 622 Keltrol® TF; Merezan® 8; Merezan® 20; NovaXan 80; NovaXan 200 Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powd.; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd. TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® CM-Xanthan Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan 200 FCC/USP/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Salt Tolerant Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth 200 TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth Powder Trade Names Containing: Coyote Stabilizer CKLX-MS; Gelcarin® SQ 3290; Gelcarin® XP 3337; Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® X-10 Isagum® SB 35 N; Kelgum®; Kelgum® 87; Kelgum® 100; Kelgum® 331 Kelgum® GFS; Kelgum® XK9; Merecol® FA; Merecol® FAL; Merecol® GX Merecol® I; Merecol® MS; Merecol® RCS; Proxan® SG 22; Proxan® SG 23 Proxan® SG 25; Sweet'n'Neat® Tack Blend X; TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/HV Powder; TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum XPGA/LV Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S1 No Fat Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S2 No Fat Powd.; Viscarin® JC 1270; Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 Xanthophyll CAS 127-40-2; EINECS/ELINCS 204-840-0 INS161b; E161b Synonyms: β,ε-Carotene-3,3´-diol; Lutein; Vegetable lutein; Vegetable luteol Definition: Carotenoid alcohol found in egg yolk, nettles, algae, and the petals of yellow flowers Empirical: C40H56O2 Properties: Yel. prisms; sol. in fats and fat solvs.; sl. sol. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water; m.w. 568.85; m.p. 190-193 C Storage: Store in dry area under 5 C; keep vacuum sealed and away from light Uses: Colorant in foods Features: Yel. color Regulatory: BP and EP (by injection) compliance; FDA 21CFR §73.275, 73.295, 73.315; Europe listed Manuf./Distrib.: AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd http://www.kingfood.com.au; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Trade Names Containing: Caromix® Plus; Lutein DC; Lutein-Beads® Xenene. See Biphenyl o-Xenol. See o-Phenylphenol Xylanase CAS 9025-55-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-798-3 Synonyms: endo-1,3-β-Xylanase Storage: Hygroscopic; keep under argon Uses: Enzyme used in baking Features: Convert the insoluble hemicelluloses of dough into soluble ones during the baking process. These Manuf./Distrib.: Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com Trade Names: Enzeco® Xylanase BSX; Veron® 191; Veron® N; Veron® N Trade Names Containing: Veron® TX endo-1,3-β-Xylanase. See Xylanase 1,2,5-Xylenol. See 2,5-Xylenol 1,3,4-Xylenol. See 3,4-Xylenol 2,5-Xylenol CAS 95-87-4; EINECS/ELINCS 202-461-5 FEMA 3595 2087

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: 2,5-Dimethylphenol; 3,6Dimethylphenol; 2,5-DMP; 6-Methyl-mcresol; 1,2,5-Xylenol; p-Xylenol Empirical: C8H10O Properties: Cryst.; m.w. 122.17; dens. 0.971; m.p. 72-76 C; b.p. 212 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 444 mg/kg; toxic; poison by ing.; mod. toxic by unspecified route; corrosive; readily absorbed through skin; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, soups, gravies, nut prods., instant coffee/tea, seasonings Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Biddle Sawyer http://www.biddlesawyer.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Richman http://www.richmanchemical.com SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com 2,6-Xylenol CAS 576-26-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-400-1 FEMA 3249 Synonyms: 2,6-Dimethylphenol; 2,6-DMP Classification: Aromatic phenol Empirical: C8H10O Properties: Needles; sol. in hot water and alcohol; m.w. 122.17; m.p. 45-48 C; b.p. 203 C; flash pt. 173 F Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 296 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 150 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 80 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 1000 mg/kg; toxic; poison by ing., IV, IP routes; mod. toxic by skin contact; corrosive; readily absorbed through skin; eye irritant; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Storage: Store under nitrogen Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, condiments Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.2460; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; SAFC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com 3,4-Xylenol CAS 95-65-8; EINECS/ELINCS 202-439-5 UN 2261; FEMA 3596 Synonyms: 3,4-Dimethylphenol; 4,5Dimethylphenol; 3,4-DMP; 1-Hydroxy-3,4dimethylbenzene; 4-Hydroxy-1,2dimethylbenzene; 4-Hydroxy-o-xylene; Phenol, 3,4-dimethyl-; 1,3,4-Xylenol; as-oXylenol; o-4-Xylenol Classification: aromatic alcohol Empirical: C8H10O Formula: (CH3)2C6H3OH Properties: Colorless to lt. tan cryst. powd.; sol. in DMSO, 95% ethanol, acetone, ether, chloroform, benzene, sodium hydroxide sol'n., caustic soda sol'n., alkalis, most org. solvs.; sol. < 1 mg/ml in water; m.w. 122.17; sp.gr. 0.9830 (20/4 C); vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (66.2 C); m.p. 62.5 C; b.p. 225 C; flash pt. 110 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 727 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 200 mg/kg; poison; highly toxic by inh., ing., skin absorp.; corrosive and extremely destructive to tissue of mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, eyes, and skin; may cause burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, stomach pain, exhaustion, coma, headache, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, liver/kidney damage, etc.; inh. can be fatal due to spasm/inflamm. of larynx/bronchi, chem. pneumonitis, pulmonary edema; experimental equivocal tumorigen; TSCA listed Precaution: Probably combustible; incompat. with bases, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, oxidizing agents; corrosive to steel, brass, Cu, Cu alloys; under fire conditions, may dec. to form flamm./explosive mixts. in air Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and toxic fumes of CO, CO2 Storage: Hygroscopic; light-sensitive; store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed; protect from moisture and oxidizing materials Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods, baked goods, meats, soups, gravies, nut prods., instant coffee/tea, seasonings 2088

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Regulatory: FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Acros Org. http://www.acros.com; Advanced Synthesis Tech. http://www.advancedsynthesis.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Lancaster Synthesis http://www.alfa.com Pfaltz & Bauer http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com; RiedeldeHaën http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Fluka ___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Riedel. html; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; TCI Am. http://www.tciamerica.com as-o-Xylenol; o-4-Xylenol. See 3,4-Xylenol p-Xylenol. See 2,5-Xylenol Xylit; Xylite; Xylite (sugar). See Xylitol Xylitol CAS 87-99-0; EINECS/ELINCS 201-788-0 INS967; E967 Synonyms: 1,2,3,4,5-Pentahydroxypentane; Xylit; Xylite; Xylite (sugar); D-Xylitol; Xyliton Classification: Pentahydric alcohol Empirical: C5H12O5 Properties: Wh. cryst. or cryst. powd., sweet taste with cooling sensation; sol. in water; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 152.17; m.p. 92-96 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 12,500 mg/kg, (IV, rat) 10,800 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 22,100 mg/kg; mod. toxic by IV route; very low toxicity by ing.; lg. doses may cause an osmotic diarrhea; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Dietary supplement, nutritive sweetener, sugar substitute, humectant, stabilizer, emulsifier, thickener for foods, diabetic and dietetic foods, special dietary uses Features: Cariostatic Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §101.9, 101.80, 172.395; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; AB R Lundberg http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg; ADA Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm; AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Cerestar Benelux http://www.cerestar.nl Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com; Eisai http://www.eisai.co.jp/index-e.html; F.R. Benson http://www.frbenson.co.uk; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; H&A (Canada) Ind. http://www.hacanada.com/; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lonza http://www.lonza.com; PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Pharmrite N. Am. http://pharmrite.com/; R.W. Greeff http://www.pechineychemicals.com; Rochem Int'l. http://www.rochemintl.com; Roquette Am. http://www.roquette.fr Roquette UK; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SPI Pharma http://www.spipharma.com; Shanghai Rokem Int'l. http://www.rokem.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tiger Chem. http://www.tigerchem.com/; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com

2089

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Xylitab® 300; Xylitol CFP; Xylitol CG Trade Names Containing: Xylitab® 100; Xylitab® 200 D-Xylitol; Xyliton. See Xylitol 1-Xyloascorbic acid. See L-Ascorbic acid D-Xylopyranose; (D)-Xylose; Xylose, D-. See D(+)-Xylose D(+)-Xylose CAS 58-86-6; EINECS/ELINCS 200-400-7 FEMA 3606 Synonyms: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxy-pentanal; Wood sugar; D-Xylopyranose; (D)-Xylose; Xylose, DClassification: Complex polysaccharide Definition: Pentose sugar Empirical: C5H10O5 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 150.13; dens. 1.525 (20 C); m.p. 156-158 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 23 g/kg, (IV, mouse) 11,300 mg/kg; sl. toxic by ing. and IV routes; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Storage: Hygroscopic; keep under argon Uses: Sweetener for foods, diabetic foods; savory flavor reducing sugar Features: 40% the sweetness of sugar Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Am. Biorganics; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Danisco Cultor http://ingredients.danisco.com; Danisco Sweeteners http://www.daniscosweeteners.com F.R. Benson http://www.frbenson.co.uk; Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe; Ferro Pfanstiehl Labs http://www.pfanstiehl.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Forum Bioscience http://www.forum.co.uk Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kaden Biochems. http://www.kadenbio.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Molda AG http://www.molda.de Paulaur http://www.paulaur.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Premium Ingreds. http://www.premiumingredients.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Sinochem Tianjin http://www.sinochemtianjin.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Varsal Instruments http://www.varsal.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: D-Xylose CL; D-Xylose CT; DXylose CTR Yarmor; Yarmor pine oil. See Pine (Pinus palustris) oil Yarrow. See Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) CAS 977000-16-0 FEMA 3117 Synonyms: Achillea; Achillea millefolium; Milfoil; Yarrow; Yarrow herb Definition: Achillea millefolium Uses: Natural flavoring agent in beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; finished beverage must be thujone-free; FEMA GRAS; BP, EP compliance Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) extract CAS 84082-83-7; EINECS/ELINCS 282-030-6 Synonyms: Achillea millefolium; Achillea millefolium extract; Milfoil extract; Yarrow extract; Yarrow herb extract Definition: Extract derived from Achillea millefolium Uses: Natural flavoring agent in beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Grau Aromatics http://www.grau-aromatics.de/ 2090

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) oil CAS 8022-07-9; EINECS/ELINCS 282-030-6 Synonyms: Achillea millefolium; Achillea millefolium oil; Yarrow herb oil; Yarrow oil Definition: Oil obtained from the flowering herb of the yarrow, Achillea millefolium Properties: Colorless to pale yel. cl. liq.; camphor odor; sol. in alcohol; insol. in water Uses: Natural flavoring agent in beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Buckton Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de Yarrow extract. See Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) extract Yarrow herb. See Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) Yarrow herb extract. See Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) extract Yarrow herb oil; Yarrow oil. See Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) oil Yeast CAS 68876-77-7; 977030-39-9 Synonyms: Barm; Faex Definition: Class of microorganism (hemiascomycetes) with unicellular growth form, lack of photosynthetic ability; several types are: bakers' yeast, bakers' compressed yeast, active dry yeast, brewers' yeast Properties: Ylsh-wh. viscid liq. or soft mass, flakes, or granules, consisting of cells and spores of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Toxicology: No known toxicity Uses: Fermentation of sugar, molasses, cereals for alcohol, brewing, baking; leavening agent in dough; source of vitamins, enzymes, nucleic acids in food supplements Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §136.110, 160.105, 160.145, 160.185 Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allied Custom Gypsum http://www.alliedcustomgypsum.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Bio Springer http://www.springer.fr; CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Euroma Food Ingreds. http://www.euroma.com/euroma/index.htm; Fermex Int'l. Ltd http://www.fermex.co.uk/ George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Givaudan-Quest Int'l. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Marcor Development http://www.marcordev.com; Omya UK http://www.omya.co.uk/web/omya_uk.nsf/H omePage_Lang1?OpenForm&omya_langid =1&omya_navid=0000 RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Vernon Walden; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Engevita® Bland; Engevita® Fortified B; Engevita® Toasted Trade Names Containing: BFP White Sour; Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast; Ry-So Yeast, dried CAS 977009-36-1 Synonyms: Candida utilis; Dried torula yeast; Dried yeast; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces fragilis Definition: Saccharomyces cerevisiae or S. fragilis or dried torula yeast, Candida utilis Uses: Food additive; ingred. in cereal flours, macaroni Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§137.260, 139.122, 139.155, 139.115, 172.842, 172.896 Trade Names Containing: 2X White Sour; White Sour Yeast, dried irradiated CAS 977052-70-2 Synonyms: Dried irradiated yeast Uses: Vitamin D source in enriched farina Regulatory: FDA 21CFR§137.305 Yeast extract CAS 8013-01-2; EINECS/ELINCS 232-387-9 Synonyms: Extract of yeast; Faex Definition: Preparation of the water-sol. fraction of autolyzed yeast Properties: Ylsh. wh. liq. or pressed form Toxicology: LD50 (IP, rat) 4500 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) > 8 g/kg; low toxicity by ing., skin contact, and IP routes; may cause eye/skin/mucous membrane/upper respiratory tract irritation; may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp.; TSCA listed Precaution: Incompat. with strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and 2091

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference irritating fumes; emits toxic fumes under fire conditions Storage: Store in cool, dry place; keep tightly closed Uses: Fermentation of sugars; B vitamin source, flavoring agent in brewing, baking, food supplements Manuf./Distrib.: Ajinomoto http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; DSM Food Spec. http://www.dsm.com; Euroma Food Ingreds. http://www.euroma.com/euroma/index.htm Givaudan-Quest Int'l. http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spicemanns Ltd http://www.spicemannsltd.co.uk Trade Names: Aromild®; Expresa® 2200; Gistex®; Gistex® XII; Maxarome® Plus Maxarome® Premium; Maxarome® Standard; Maxavor™ RYE-A, RYE-AS; Maxavor™ RYE-B; Maxavor™ RYE-C Maxavor™ RYE-D; Maxavor™ RYE-T; Plantex® Trade Names Containing: Maxavor® Yellow AB. See 1-(Phenylazo)-2-naphthylamine Yellow beeswax. See Beeswax, yellow; Beeswax Yellow dextrin. See Dextrin Yellow ferric oxide. See Ferric oxide Yellow 2G. See Acid yellow 17 Yellow ochre. See Iron oxide yellow Yellow pine rosin. See Rosin Yellow prussiate of calcium; Yellow prussiate of lime. See Calcium ferrocyanide Yellow prussiate of potash. See Potassium ferrocyanide Yellow prussiate of soda. See Sodium ferrocyanide Yellow resin. See Rosin Yellow sandalwood. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) Yellow sandalwood extract. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) extract Yellow sandalwood oil. See Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil Yellow vaseline. See Petrolatum Yellow wax. See Beeswax, yellow; Beeswax Yerba mate extract. See Mate (Ilex Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

paraguariensis) extract Yerba santa (Eriodictyon californicum) extract CAS 85085-31-0; 68990-14-7; 977092-73-1; EINECS/ELINCS 285-361-4 FEMA 3118 Synonyms: Eriodictyon californicum; Eriodictyon californicum extract; Yerba santa extract Definition: Extract of leaves of Eriodictyon californicum Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Bio-Botanica http://www.biobotanica.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Yerba santa extract. See Yerba santa (Eriodictyon californicum) extract Ylang ylang absolute. See Ylang ylang (Cananga odorata) oil Ylang ylang (Cananga odorata) oil CAS 8006-81-3; 68606-83-7; EINECS/ELINCS 281-092-1 FEMA 2232; 3119 Synonyms: Cananga; Cananga odorata; Cananga odorata oil; Cananga oil; Ylang ylang absolute; Ylang ylang oil Definition: Oil from steam distillation of flowers of the ylang ylang, Cananga odorata Properties: Lt. yel. oily liq.; sl. woody floral odor; burning taste; insol. in water; dens. 0.9300.950 (20/20 C); flash pt. (TCC) 75 C; ref. index 1.495-1.503 (20 C) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; low toxicity by ing. and skin contact; primary irritant; may be irritating to eyes, skin, and if inhaled; sensitizer; TSCA listed Precaution: Avoid contact or contamination with strong acids, alkalis, or oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO and unidentified org. compds. may be formed during combustion; heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS; Japan approved (ylang-ylang); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMC Chems.; Astral Extracts http://www.astralextracts.com; Buckton 2092

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Page Ltd http://www.bucktonpage.com; Citrus and Allied Essences http://www.citrusandallied.com; Danisco Seillans http://www.danisco.com De Monchy Aromatics http://www.demonchyaromatics.com; Eramex Aromatics http://www.eramex.de; F.D. Copeland http://www.copelandoil.co.uk; Fleurchem http://www.fleurchem.com; Fuerst Day Lawson http://www.fdl.co.uk George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; Good Scents http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/; Haldin Int'l. http://www.haldin-natural.com/; Hunan Xinyu http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html; Janousek Industriale Srl http://www.janousek.com Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com; Sarcom http://www.sarcominc.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Treatt USA http://www.rctreatt.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Ylang ylang oil. See Ylang ylang (Cananga odorata) oil Yucca FEMA 3120 Synonyms: Yucca powder Definition: Natural prod. derived from Yucca species Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods; foaming agent for soft drinks, cocktail mixes, slush prods. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Charles Bowman http://www.charlesbowman.com; Chart http://www.chartcorp.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com Yucca brevifolia CAS 91722-59-7; EINECS/ELINCS 294-459-6 Synonyms: Yucca, Joshua tree; Yucca palm Definition: Plant material derived from Yucca brevifolia Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510 Yucca extract. See Yucca glauca extract Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Yucca glauca extract Synonyms: Yucca extract Definition: Extract of the root of the yucca, Yucca glauca Uses: Foaming agent, whipping agent, emulsifier in soft drinks, foamy cocktail mixes, low alcohol beers Manuf./Distrib.: Bell Flavors & Fragrances http://www.bellff.com; Frutarom http://www.frutarom.com; Garuda Int'l. http://www.garudaint.com Yucca, Joshua tree. See Yucca brevifolia Yucca, Mohave, extract. See Yucca schidigera extract Yucca palm. See Yucca brevifolia Yucca powder. See Yucca Yucca schidigera. See Yucca schidigera extract Yucca schidigera extract CAS 90147-57-2; EINECS/ELINCS 290-449-0 FEMA 3121 Synonyms: Cactus root extract; Mohave yucca extract; Plantarome; Yucca, Mohave, extract; Yucca schidigera Definition: Extract of the leaves and root of the yucca, Yucca schidigera Uses: Natural flavoring agent in beverages Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.510; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Carrubba http://www.carrubba.com Trade Names: Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) Zea mays. See Corn (Zea mays) bran; Corn (Zea mays) oil unsaponifiables; Corn (Zea mays) gluten protein; Corn (Zea mays) silk extract; Corn (Zea mays) meal; Corn (Zea mays) extract; Corn (Zea mays) flour; Corn (Zea mays) oil; Corn (Zea mays) starch Zea mays extract. See Corn (Zea mays) silk extract Zea mays gluten. See Corn (Zea mays) gluten protein Zea mays kernel extract. See Corn (Zea mays) extract Zea mays oil. See Corn (Zea mays) oil Zea mays starch. See Corn (Zea mays) starch Zea mays unsaponifiables. See Corn (Zea mays) oil unsaponifiables Zeaxanthin CAS 144-68-3; EINECS/ELINCS 205-636-4 Synonyms: Anchovyxanthin; all trans-β2093

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference carotene-3,3´-diol; β,β-Carotene-3,3´-diol; (3R,3´R)-Dihydroxy-β-carotene; Zeaxanthol Classification: Carotenoid alcohol Definition: Pigment of yellow corn Zea mays and in spinach, collard greens, egg yolk, etc.; occurs together and is isomeric with xanthophyll Empirical: C40H56O2 Properties: Orange-red powd.; little or no odor; sol. in CS2, benzene, chloroform, CCl4, pyridine, ethyl acetate; sl. sol. in petrol. ether, methanol; pract. insol. in water; m.w. 568.88; m.p. 207-215 C Uses: Dietary supplement and colorant in food Manuf./Distrib.: AIDP http://www.aidp.com; DNP Int'l. http://www.dnpint.com/ Trade Names Containing: Caromix® Plus; Lutein-Beads® Zeaxanthol. See Zeaxanthin Zedoary bark extract. See Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria) extract Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria) extract CAS 84961-49-9; EINECS/ELINCS 284-637-1 FEMA 3123 Synonyms: Cinnamomum cecidodaphne Meissn; Curcuma zedoaria; Curcuma zedoaria extract; Essential oil of Sughanda kokila; Zedoary bark extract; Zedoary extract Definition: Extract from Curcuma zedoaria Properties: Insol. in water; sp. gr. 0.8810-0.9449; ref. index 1.4870-1.4975 Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.20, GRAS; FEMA GRAS Manuf./Distrib.: Vossen http://www.vossenbio.com Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria) oil Synonyms: Curcuma zedoaria; Zedoary oil Definition: Oil obtained from the rhizome of Curcuma zedoaria Uses: Natural flavoring agent in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.10, GRAS; Japan approved (zedoary) Zedoary extract. See Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria) extract Zedoary oil. See Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria) oil Zein CAS 9010-66-6; EINECS/ELINCS 232-722-9 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synonyms: Zein powder Definition: Alcohol-sol. protein obtained from corn, Zea mays; component of corn gluten Properties: Wh. to yel. powd., odorless; sol. in aq. alcohols, glycols, glycol ethers, furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, aq. alkaline sol'ns. with pH ≥ 11.5, oxygenated solvs.; insol. in water, acetone, all anhyd. alcohols except methanol; m.w. ≈ 38,000; dens. 1.226 Toxicology: No known toxicity Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Direct food additive; surface-finishing agent, glazing agent for foods, edible coatings, confections, grains, nuts, panned goods; processing aid in foods (Japan) Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 184.1984, GRAS; Japan approved; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF compliance Manuf./Distrib.: Adept Sol'ns.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com; Freeman Ind. http://www.freemanllc.com Mantrose-Haeuser http://www.mbzgroup.com; Primera Foods http://www.primerafoods.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com Zein powder. See Zein Zeolite CAS 1318-02-1; EINECS/ELINCS 215-283-8 Synonyms: Aluminosilicates, zeolites Definition: Hydrated alkali aluminum silicate Formula: Na2O • Al2O3 • xSiO2 • yH2O Properties: Dens. 0.58-0.75; pH 5-12 Toxicology: Irritant; mutagen; TSCA listed Storage: Hygroscopic Uses: Adsorbent for foods Manuf./Distrib.: Albemarle http://www.albemarle.com; Am. Colloid http://www.colloid.com; Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com FMC Foret http://www.fmcforet.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; INEOS Silicas Am. http://www.ineossilicas.com; 2094

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference PQ http://www.pqcorp.com; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; UOP http://www.uop.com; Zeochem http://www.zeochem.com/ Trade Names: Abscents® 3000 See also Sodium silicoaluminate Zeolites. See Sodium silicoaluminate Zibet; Zibeth; Zibetum. See Civet Zinc abietate. See Zinc rosinate Zinc acetate CAS 557-34-6 (anhyd.); 5970-45-6 (dihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 209-170-2 UN 9153 (DOT; UN anhyd.)E650 Synonyms: Acetic acid, zinc salt; Dicarbomethoxy zinc; Zinc diacetate Classification: Aliphatic organic compd. Definition: Zinc salt of acetic acid; avail. as the dihydrate Empirical: C4H6O4Zn; C4H6O4Zn • 2H2O Formula: Zn(C2H3O2)2 • 2H2O Properties: Wh. cryst. lustrous plates, faint acetous odor, astringent taste; sl. efflorescent; sol. in water, boiling alcohol; sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 183.47 (anhyd.), 219.50 (dihydrate); dens. 1.735; loses 2H2O @ 100 C; m.p. 200 C (dec.) Toxicology: Anhyd.: LD50 (oral, rat) 2510 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 57 mg/kg; poison by IP, IV routes; mod. toxic by ing.; experimental reproductive effects; mutagen; Dihydrate: LD50 (oral, rat) 794 mg/kg, (oral, mouse) 287 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; primary skin and eye irritant; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Anhyd.: Incompat. with zinc salts, alkalis and their carbonates, oxalates, phosphates, sulfides Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of ZnO HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep well closed Uses: Food additive; dietary supplement; flavor enhancer in chewing gum; dietary supplement in animal feeds Features: Up to 1 mg daily as dietary supplement Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 582.80; FDA approved for topicals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Osaki Ind. http://www.osaki-jpn.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wako Pure Chem. Ind. http://www.wakochem.co.jp/english/ Zinc butter. See Zinc chloride Zinc carbonate CAS 3486-35-9; EINECS/ELINCS 222-477-6 UN 9157 (NA) Synonyms: Carbonic acid, zinc salt (1:1); CI 77950; Natural smithsonite; Zinc carbonate (1:1); Zinc monocarbonate Classification: Inorganic zinc salt Definition: Occurs in nature as the minerals smithsonite, zincspar Empirical: CO3 • Zn Formula: ZnCO3 Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in dil. acids, alkalis, ammonium salt sol'ns.; insol. in water; m.w. 125.38; dens. 4.42-4.45 Toxicology: TDLo (oral, mouse) 2800 mg/kg; experimental teratogen; TSCA listed Precaution: Evolves CO2 @ 300 C 2095

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of CO and Zn Uses: Mineral source in food supplements; nutritional dietary supplement in animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.300, 176.170, 177.1460, 177.2600, 178.3297, 582.80; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Cater Chems. http://www.caterchem.com; Century Multech http://www.centurymultech.com Elementis Spec. http://www.elementisspecialties.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Galbraith Labs http://www.galbraith.com; Hummel Croton http://www.hummelcroton.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Min. R&D http://www.mrdc.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Zinc carbonate (1:1). See Zinc carbonate Zinc chloride CAS 7646-85-7; EINECS/ELINCS 231-592-0 UN 1840 (DOT); 2331 (DOT) Synonyms: Butter of zinc; Zinc butter; Zinc chloride anhydrous; Zinc chloride fume; Zinc chloride, solution; Zinc dichloride; Zinc muriate, solution Classification: Inorganic zinc compd. Empirical: Cl2Zn Formula: ZnCl2 Properties: Wh. cubic cryst., odorless; very sol. in water, alcohol, glycerol, ether; sol. in acetone; m.w. 136.27; dens. 2.91; vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (428 C); m.p. 290 C; b.p. 732 C; pH 4.0 (10% aq.); noncombustible Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 1 mg/m3 (fume); STEL 2 mg/m3 (fume); LD50 (oral, rat) 350 mg/kg; poison by ing., IV, subcut., IP routes; corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, mucous membranes; causes burns; ing. may cause vomiting, abdominal pain; human systemic effects by inh. (pulmonary changes); can cause dermatitis, boils, conjunctivitis, GI Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

upset on exposure to fumes or dusts; questionable carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data Precaution: DOT: Corrosive material; incompat. with cyanides, sulfides, potassium; mixts. with powd. zinc are flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of Cl– and ZnO HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 2 Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, out of direct sunlight; hygroscopic; deliq.; use dust-tight containers; avoid generating dust Uses: Preservative, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods; migrating from cotton in dry food pkg.; trace mineral in animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.70, 182.8985, 582.80, GRAS; SARA reportable; FDA approved for parenterals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com Arkema http://www.arkema.fr; Asiamerica Int'l.; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Coyne http://www.coynechemical.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com Filo http://www.filochemical.com/; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Hawkins Chem. http://www.hawkinschemical.com/; Honeywell Perf. Polymers http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Madison Ind. http://www.oldbridgechem.com/; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Min. R&D http://www.mrdc.com; Nagai Chem. Ind. http://www.nagaichemical.com/; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SAF Bulk Chems.; Sal Chem. 2096

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference http://www.salchem.com; San Yuan; Sigma http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Tetra http://www.tetrachemicals.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk; Zaclon http://www.zaclon.com Zinc chloride anhydrous; Zinc chloride fume; Zinc chloride, solution. See Zinc chloride Zinc citrate CAS 546-46-3; 5990-32-9 (dihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 208-901-2; 286-541-5 (dihydrate) Synonyms: Citric acid, zinc salt; Citric acid, zinc salt (2:3); 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3propanetricarboxylic acid, zinc salt; 1,2,3Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, zinc salt (2:3); Trizinc dicitrate Definition: Zinc salt of citric acid Empirical: C12H16O14 • 3Zn Formula: [HOC(CH2COO–)2COO–]2 3Zn++ Properties: Wh. to yel powd.; sl. sol. in water (100 g/l); insol. in chloroform, ethanol, ether; m.w. 290.18; m.p. 334 C Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) > 5,000 mg/kg; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Dietary supplement for foods and beverages Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Jost http://www.jostchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com Trade Names: Gadozinc+ Trade Names Containing: Gado Multimin Zinc diacetate. See Zinc acetate Zinc dichloride. See Zinc chloride Zinc dilactate. See Zinc lactate Zinc distearate. See Zinc stearate Zinc dithionite. See Zinc hydrosulfite Zinc gluconate CAS 4468-02-4 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 224736-9 Definition: Zinc salt of gluconic acid Empirical: C12H22O4Zn Properties: Wh. gran. or cryst. powd.; sol. in water; very sl. sol. in alcohol; m.w. 295.71; pH 5.5-7.5 (1%) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, mouse) 1290 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 23,700 µg/kg; experimental reproductive effects; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of ZnO Uses: Mineral source, nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.8988, GRAS; Japan approved with limitations; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AAA Int'l. http://www.aaainternational.com; ACTA Pharmacal; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Adept Sol'ns.; Akzo Nobel http://www.akzonobel.com Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Glucona Am.; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com RIA Int'l. http://www.riausa.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Shan Par 2097

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Ind. http://www.shanpar.com; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; Vivion http://www.vivioninc.com; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Zeta Pharm. http://www.zetapharm.com Trade Names: Gluconal® ZN-G; Gluconal® ZN-P Zinc hydrosulfite CAS 7779-86-4 UN 1931 (DOT) Synonyms: Dithionous acid, zinc salt (1:1); Zinc dithionite Empirical: O4S2Zn Formula: ZnS2O4 Properties: Wh. amorphous solid; sol. in water; m.w. 193.49 Toxicology: Probably a poison; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic vapors of zinc and SOx Uses: Treatment of beet and cane sugar juices; migrating to foods from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §177.2800, 182.90, GRAS; Canada DSL Zinc-L-2-hydroxypropionate. See Zinc lactate Zincite. See Zinc oxide Zinc lactate CAS 16039-53-5 (anhyd.); 63179-81-7 (dihydrate); EINECS/ELINCS 240-178-9 Synonyms: Zinc dilactate; Zinc-L-2hydroxypropionate Definition: Zinc salt of lactic acid Empirical: C6H10O6Zn • 3H2O Formula: Zn(C3H5O3)2 • 3H2O Properties: Wh. cryst. powd.; sol. in water; m.w. 243.51 (anhyd.); m.w. 279.4 (dihydrate) Precaution: Combustible HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Dietary supplement in food Manuf./Distrib.: Am. Ingreds. http://www.americaningredients.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/; Generichem http://www.generichem.com/ Lohmann http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de; PURAC Am. http://www.purac.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Reliable Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Biopharmaceutical http://www.reliablebiopharm.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Trade Names: Puramex® ZN Zinc methionine sulfate CAS 56329-42-1 Synonyms: Zinc monomethionine Empirical: C5H10SNO2Zn•H2SO4 Properties: Solid; m.w. 311.65 Precaution: Wear splash goggles and dust respirator Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of SOx HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses: Dietary zinc source, nutrient, dietary supplement for foods, vitamin tablets Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.399 Manuf./Distrib.: Sciencelab http://www.sciencelab.com Zinc monocarbonate. See Zinc carbonate Zinc monomethionine. See Zinc methionine sulfate Zinc monoxide. See Zinc oxide Zinc muriate, solution. See Zinc chloride Zinc octadecanoate. See Zinc stearate Zincoid. See Zinc oxide Zinc oxide CAS 1314-13-2; EINECS/ELINCS 215-222-5 Synonyms: Chinese white; CI 77947; Flowers of zinc; Permanent white; Philosopher's wool; Pigment white 4; Zincite; Zinc monoxide; Zincoid; Zinc white Classification: Inorganic oxide Empirical: OZn Formula: ZnO Properties: Wh. to gray amorphous powd. or crystals, odorless, bitter taste; sol. in dil. acetic or min. acids, alkalis, ammonia; insol. in water, alcohol; m.w. 81.38; dens. 5.67; bulking value 0.021 gal/lb; oil absorp. 13; m.p. 1975 C; ref. index 2.0041-2.0203; pH 6.95 (Amer. process), 7.37 (French process) Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 5 mg/m3 (fume), STEL 10 mg/m3 (fume); 10 mg/m3 (total dust); nuisance particulate; LD50 (oral, mouse) 7950 mg/kg, (IP, rat) 240 mg/kg; mod. toxic by ing. (humans); poison by IP route; skin/eye irritant; harmful dust; inh. of fumes may cause metal fume fever with chills, fever, tightness in chest, cough, 2098

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference leukocytes; experimental teratogen; mutagenic data; TSCA listed Precaution: Powd. reacts violently with chlorinated rubber @ 215 C; violent reaction with Mg, linseed oil Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of ZnO HMIS: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods, animal feeds Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §73.1991, 73.2991, 175.300, 176.170, 177.1460, 177.1680, 177.2260, 178.3297, 182.8991, 582.80, GRAS; FDA approved for parenterals, rectals, exempt from certification, permanently listed; BP, EP compliance Manuf./Distrib.: AAE Chemie NV http://www.aaechemie.com; Aastrid Int'l. http://www.aastrid.com; Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com Alzo http://www.alzointernational.com; Am. Chemet; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asarco http://www.asarco.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com Asiamerica Int'l.; Atlantic Equip. Engrs. http://www.micronmetals.com; Atomergic Chemetals http://www.atomergic.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com Bayer http://www.bayerus.com; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemcor Chemical http://www.thechemco.com; D.N. Lukens http://www.dnlukens.com; Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Eagle Zinc Elementis Spec. http://www.elementisspecialties.com; Fluka http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com; General Chem. http://www.genchemcorp.com Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; Gredmann USA http://www.gredmann.com/; Grillo Zinkoxid http://www.grillo.de/ezoxid/mzoxide.htm; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

H.M. Royal http://www.hmroyal.com; HallStar http://www.cphall.com Helm NY http://www.helmnewyork.com; Horsehead Corp. http://www.horseheadcorp.com/; Hummel Croton http://www.hummelcroton.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com Landers-Segal Color http://www.pigments.com/; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Omya Peralta http://www.omya-peralta.de; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.E. Carroll http://www.recarroll.com; Reade Advanced Materials http://www.reade.com Royale Pigments & Chems. http://www.royalepigments-chem.com; Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sachtleben Chemie GmbH http://www.sachtleben.de/; Shandong Haihua Tianhe http://www.tianhechemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium Sinochem Liaoning http://www.sinochemliaoning.com; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; St. Lawrence http://www.stlawrencechem.com; Symrise USA http://www.symrise.com Tamms Ind. http://www.tamms.com; Toho Zinc http://www.toho-zinc.co.jp; U.S. Zinc http://www2.uszinc.com; Universal PreservA-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/ Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; ZOCHEM http://www.zochem.com Trade Names: Zinc Oxide 66; Zinc Oxide 6601; Zinc Oxide 6605; Zinc Oxide CR-4 Trade Names Containing: Arcon® SK Fortified; Bioblend # 7; Bonus Blend Zinc resinate. See Zinc rosinate Zinc rosinate CAS 9010-69-9; EINECS/ELINCS 232-723-4 2099

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Synonyms: Resin acid, zinc salt; Zinc abietate; Zinc resinate Definition: Zinc salt of rosin Properties: Powd., clear amber lumps, or ylsh. liq.; sol. in ether, amyl alcohol; soften. pt. 130150 C; zinc content 2-9% Precaution: Combustible Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Stabilizer migrating from food pkg. Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.210, 178.3120, 178.3800, 178.3870, 181.22, 181.29 (50 ppm max. in finished food); Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Marlin Chems. Ltd http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk; Resinas Sintéticas http://www.resinas.com Zinc silicate INS557 Classification: Mineral Empirical: Zn2SiO4 Uses: Anticaking agent in foods Zinc soap. See Zinc stearate Zinc stearate CAS 557-05-1; EINECS/ELINCS 209-151-9 Synonyms: Dibasic zinc stearate; Octadecanoic acid, zinc salt; Stearic acid, zinc salt; Zinc distearate; Zinc octadecanoate; Zinc soap Classification: Sat. aliphatic carboxylic acid salt Definition: Zinc salt of stearic acid Empirical: C36H70O4Zn Formula: Zn(C18H35O2)2 Properties: Wh. powd., faint char. odor; sol. in acids, aromatic solvs.; insol. in water, alcohol, ether, oxygenated solvs.; dec. by dil. acids; m.w. 632.33; dens. 1.095; m.p. 130 C Toxicology: ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust when toxic impurities not present); LDLo (intratracheal, rat) 250 mg/kg; poison by intratracheal route; nuisance dust; no known toxicity to skin; inh. of powd. may cause pulmonary fibrosis and produce death in infants from pneumonitis, with lesions resembling those caused by talc but more severe; TSCA listed Precaution: Combustible dust; incompat. with acids and alkalis (may react vigorously) Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: CO, CO2, ZnO, stearic acid NFPA: Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Storage: Store in cool, dry area away from ignition sources; mechanical exhaust required Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement in foods Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §175.105, 175.300, 176.170, 176.180, 176.200, 176.210, 177.1200, 177.1460, 177.1900, 177.2410, 177.2600, 178.2010, 178.3910, 182.8994, GRAS; FDA approved for orals; USP/NF, BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aceto http://www.aceto.com; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Aesar http://www.alfa.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Allchem Ind. http://www.allchem.com; Allchem Int'l. Ltd http://www.allchem.co.uk; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Ashland http://www.ashchem.com; Asiamerica Int'l. Avatar http://www.avatarcorp.com; BCH Brühl http://www.bch-bruehl.de; Brenntag Specialties http://www.brenntagspecialties.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallardschlesinger.com; Camida Ltd http://www.camida.com CarboMer http://www.carbomer.com; Chemacon GmbH http://www.chemacon.de; Chemisphere http://www.chemispherecorp.com; Chesham Chems. Ltd http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk; Cornelius Chem. Co. Ltd http://www.cornelius.co.uk Evonik Degussa http://www.degussa.com; Fallek; Ferro http://www.ferro.com; Fisher Scientific https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp; Functional Foods http://www.functionalfoods.com Hummel Croton http://www.hummelcroton.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com; Integra http://www.integrachem.com; James M. Brown Ltd http://www.jamesmbrown.co.uk; Jarchem Ind. http://www.jarchem.com/ KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Kraft Chem. http://www.kraftchemical.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; Magnesia GmbH http://www.magnesia.de; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com 2100

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Miljac http://www.miljac.com; Mosselman NV http://www.mosselman.be; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; NOF Am.; Noah http://www.noahtech.com Norac http://www.norac.com/; Norman, Fox http://www.norfox.ws/; Pechiney Chems. Div. http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; Peter Whiting Ltd http://www.whitingchemicals.co.uk Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; SeaLand http://www.sealandchem.com; Sparkford Chems. Ltd http://www.sparkford.co.uk; Spectrum Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Synasia Fine Chem. http://www.synasia.com Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz; Univar Ltd http://www.univar.co.uk; Universal Preserv-A-Chem http://www.upichem.com; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Viva http://www.sodiumstearate.com Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com Trade Names: Synpro® Zinc Stearate (Kosher) Zinc sulfate CAS 7733-02-0 (anhyd.); EINECS/ELINCS 231793-3 UN NA 9161 (DOT) Synonyms: Sulfuric acid zinc salt (1:1); White copperas; White vitriol; Zinc vitriol Classification: Inorganic zinc salt Definition: Reaction prod. of sulfuric acid with zinc; avail. commercially as the monohydrate; avail. as the heptahydrate, mainly for laboratory purposes Empirical: O4SZn Formula: ZnSO4 Properties: Colorless rhombic cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless; sol. in water, glycerin; almost insol. in alcohol; m.w. 161.43 (anhyd.); dens. 3.74 (15 C); m.p. dec. @ 740 C; loses water of cryst. above 235 C; pH 4.5 (sat. sol'n.) Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2949 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 71,750 µg/kg; LDLo (subcut., mouse) 1500 µg/kg, (IV, dog) 66 mg/kg; poison by ing., IP, subcut., IV; human systemic effects (acute pulmonary edema, GI effects, hypermotility, diarrhea); eye irritant; allergen; irritating to skin and mucous membranes; questionable Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carcinogen; experimental tumorigen, teratogen, reproductive effects; human mutagenic data; TSCA listed Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and ZnO HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Hygroscopic; efflorescent in dry air Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, zinc source in foods, animal feeds; migrating to food from paper/paperboard Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §182.90, 182.8997, 582.80, GRAS; SARA reportable (anhyd.); Japan approved with limitations; FDA approved for orals; BP, EP compliance; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: AMRESCO http://www.amresco-inc.com; Adheswara Chems. Pvt. Ltd.; Aldrich http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Alfa Chem http://www.alfachem1.com; Allan http://www.allanchem.com Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; Asiamerica Int'l.; Barrington http://www.barringtonchem.com; Boith China http://www.boith.com; Budenheim USA http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com Dastech Int'l. http://www.dastech.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Fortitech http://www.fortitech.com/; GFS http://www.gfschemicals.com/ Generichem http://www.generichem.com/; George Uhe http://www.uhe.com; GrilloWerke AG http://www.grillo.de; Independent Chem. http://www.independentchemical.com; Indofine http://www.indofinechemical.com Integra http://www.integrachem.com; KIC Chems. http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com; Lohmann http://www.lohmann-chemikalien.de; MR3 Systems http://www.mr3systems.com; Madison Ind. http://www.oldbridgechem.com/ Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com; Mutchler http://www.mutchlerchem.com; Noah http://www.noahtech.com; Old Bridge http://www.oldbridgechem.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sal Chem. http://www.salchem.com; Spectrum 2101

Part II: Chemical Component Cross-Reference Quality Prods. http://www.spectrumchemical.com; Thomas Scientific http://www.thomassci.com; Toho Zinc http://www.toho-zinc.co.jp Tomita Pharmaceutical http://www.tomitaph.co.jp; VWR Int'l. http://www.vwrsp.com/; Wako Pure Chem. Ind. http://www.wako-chem.co.jp/english/; Wm. Blythe Ltd http://www.wmblythe.co.uk; Yoneyama Yakuhin Kogyo http://www.yone-yama.co.jp ZenPharm Int'l. http://www.zenpharm.com/ Trade Names Containing: Export Mineral Blend with TCP Zinc sulfate heptahydrate CAS 7446-20-0; EINECS/ELINCS 231-793-3 Synonyms: Sulfuric acid zinc salt (1:1) heptahydrate; White vitriol; Zinc sulfate (1:1) heptahydrate; Zinc vitriol Empirical: O4SZn • 7H2O Formula: ZnSO4 • 7H2O Properties: Colorless cryst. or cryst. powd., odorless, astringent taste; insol. in alcohol, glycerin; m.w. 287.54; dens. 1.97; m.p. 100 C; dec. > 500 C; loses water @ 280 C; pH 4.5 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2150 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 260 mg/kg; LDLo (IV, rat) 49 mg/kg, (subcut., dog) 78 mg/kg; poison by subcut., IV, IP routes; mod. toxic by ing.; human poison by unspecified route; experimental reproductive effects Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits toxic fumes of SOx and ZnO HMIS: Health 2, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0 Storage: Keep well closed Uses: Nutrient, dietary supplement, zinc source in foods, animal feeds Regulatory: BP, EP compliance; FDA 21CFR §182.90, 182.8997, 582.80, GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Aldrich http://www.sigmaaldrich.com; Am. Int'l. http://www.aicma.com; EMD Chems. http://www.emdchemicals.com; Fluka http://www.sigma-aldrich.com; Mallinckrodt Baker http://www.mallbaker.com Ruger http://www.rugerchemical.com; Sigma http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/belgium; Voigt Global Distrib. http://www.vgdllc.com; Wm. Blythe Ltd

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk; Xiamen Topusing http://www.topusing.com Zinc vitriol. See Zinc sulfate heptahydrate; Zinc sulfate Zinc white. See Zinc oxide Zingerone CAS 122-48-5; EINECS/ELINCS 204-548-3 FEMA 3124 Synonyms: 2-Butanone, 4-(4-hydroxy-3methoxyphenyl)-; Gingerone; 4-(4-Hydroxy3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone; (4-Hydroxy3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl methyl ketone; 3Methoxy-4-hydroxy benzylacetone; Vanillylacetone; Zingherone; Zingiberone Classification: Aromatic alcohol Empirical: C11H14O3 Formula: HOC6H3(OCH3)CH2CH2COCH3 Properties: Cryst.; sol. in ether, dil. alkalis; sparingly sol. in water, petrol. ether; m.w. 194.22; dens. 1.138-1.139; m.p. 40-41 C; b.p. 187-188 C (14 mm); ref. index 1.5440-1.5450 Toxicology: LD50 (oral, rat) 2580 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg; mod. toxic by ing.; skin irritant; TSCA listed Precaution: Flamm. Hazardous Decomp. Prods.: Heated to decomp., emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes Uses: Synthetic flavoring agent in foods Features: Sweet vanilla-like flavor Regulatory: FDA 21CFR §172.515; FEMA GRAS; Canada DSL Manuf./Distrib.: Givaudan Fragrances http://www.givaudan.com; Penta Mfg. http://www.pentamfg.com; R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd http://www.rctreatt.com; SAFC Specialties http://www.safcspecialties.com Zingherone. See Zingerone Zingiber officinale; Zingiber officinale extract. See Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract Zingiber officinale oil. See Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil Zingiber officinale oleoresin. See Oleoresin ginger Zingiber officinale root extract. See Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract Zingiber officinalis. See Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil Zingiberone. See Zingerone

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Part III: Functional/Application Index abscission aid, citrus fruit: harvesting L-Ascorbic acid absorbent, candy Maltodextrin absorbent, color bodies: fruit juices Type PAC-TS absorbent, color bodies: wine Type PAC-TS absorbent, crackers Maltodextrin absorbent, fats/oils: artificial cheese powders Flo-Gard® AB absorbent, fats/oils: batter mixes Flo-Gard® AB absorbent, fats/oils: bread conditioners Flo-Gard® AB absorbent, fats/oils: dehydrated soup mixes Flo-Gard® AB absorbent, fats/oils: dried egg yolks Flo-Gard® AB absorbent, fats/oils: fine salts Flo-Gard® FF absorbent, fats/oils: food Silica, amorphous absorbent, fats/oils: milk substitutes Flo-Gard® AB absorbent, fats/oils: non-dairy creamers Flo-Gard® FF absorbent, fats/oils: paprika Flo-Gard® FF absorbent, fats/oils: real cheese powders Flo-Gard® AB absorbent, fats/oils: seasoned salts Flo-Gard® FF absorbent, fats/oils: spices Flo-Gard® AB absorbent, food Amaranth; Delios®; Maltodextrin; Pre-Gel Amaranth Powder; Pure-Dent® B810 NF Pure-Dent® B812 USP; Pure-Dent® B815 NF; Pure-Dent® B816 USP; Pure-Dent® B880 NF; Pure-Dent® B890 NF SiLCRON® G-100; SiLCRON® G-100T; SiLCRON® G-650 absorbent, impurities: fruit juices Type PAC-TS absorbent, impurities: wine Type PAC-TS

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

absorbent, moisture: baking prods. Apple fiber absorbent, moisture: cast confectionery CleanSet 03730; CleanSet 03736; CleanSet 03737; CleanSet 03738 absorbent, moisture: tomato prods. Apple fiber absorbent, puddings Maltodextrin absorber, oils/fats Sunmalt absorption improver, food Amfal-46 accelerator, crystallization: chocolate Canarcel 65; Dynasan® 118; Imwitor® 928 accelerator, crystallization: cocoa Tristearin accelerator, crystallization: compound coatings Dynasan® 118 accelerator, crystallization: confectionery Tristearin accelerator, crystallization: fat prods. Dynasan® 118; Imwitor® 928 accelerator, crystallization: fats/oils Tristearin accelerator, crystallization: food Tristearin accelerator, crystallization: imitation chocolate Tristearin accelerator, crystallization: sugar Hodag® CB-6 KP accelerator, curing Trisodium citrate accelerator, curing: baby food Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: baked goods Gluconolactone; Sodium erythorbate accelerator, curing: beef Sodium erythorbate accelerator, curing: beverages Sodium erythorbate accelerator, curing: canned food Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: coffee whiteners Disodium citrate accelerator, curing: cultured buttermilk Disodium citrate 2103

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference accelerator, curing: cured meat prods. Disodium citrate accelerator, curing: cured meats Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: dairy prods. Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: dessert mixes Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: evaporated milk Disodium citrate accelerator, curing: fish prods. Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: food Disodium citrate; Gluconolactone; Sodium erythorbate accelerator, curing: frankfurters Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: fresh pork Sodium erythorbate accelerator, curing: Genoa salami Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: margarine Disodium citrate accelerator, curing: meat nitrites Erythorbic acid accelerator, curing: meat prods. Sodium erythorbate accelerator, curing: pork Disodium citrate accelerator, curing: poultry Disodium citrate; Sodium erythorbate accelerator, curing: processed cheeses Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: salads Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: sauces Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: sausages Gluconolactone accelerator, curing: spice preps. Gluconolactone accelerator, dough, breads B-45 accelerator, fermentation KC Yeast Food - No Bromate; KC Yeast Food - No Oxidants accelerator, fermentation: cookies Timeflex accelerator, fermentation: crackers Timeflex accelerator, fermentation: pizza mfg. Timeflex Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

accelerator, fermentation: winemaking Ammonium carbonate accelerator, gelling: reconstituted puddings Calcium lactobionate accelerator, starchy food gelatinization Lecion LP-1 acetic acid source, food Niacet Sodium Diacetate FCC acetylating agent, flavors Acetic anhydride acid cation exchange resin, food demineralization Amberlite™ FPC14 Na acid cation exchange resin, food processing Amberlite™ FPC14 Na acid cation exchange resin, thin sugar juice decalcification Amberlite™ FPC14 Na acidifier, cottage cheese Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 acidifier, mozzarella Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 acidity regulator, food Gadocal Gold; Gadolin Calcium; Gadolin Magnesium; Gado Multimin; Monosodium tartrate acid source, pantothenic: special dietary food D-Pantothenamide acidulant SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40; SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 Thermal Select 75%/80%/85% (FG) acidulant, angel food cakes Regent® 12XX acidulant, animal feed Sorbic acid acidulant, baby food Gluconolactone acidulant, baked goods Adipic acid; Gluconolactone; L-Tartaric acid acidulant, bakery prods. Pan-O-Lite®

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference acidulant, baking Liquinat®; Regent® 12XX acidulant, baking powder Adipic acid; Puron AG; Puron SR; L-Tartaric acid acidulant, beer malting Hydrochloric acid acidulant, beverages Adipic acid; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Citric Acid, USP FCC Anhydrous Granular; Citric acid; Citric Acid Anhyd.FG Citric Acid Anhyd.GR; Citric acid monohydrate; HT® Monocalcium Phosphate; Lactic acid; Regent® 12XX acidulant, breads Ajax® acidulant, bread doughs Phosphoric acid acidulant, cake flour Phosphoric acid acidulant, cakes Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic acidulant, candy Citric acid monohydrate; Citrostabil® S; NHydroxysuccinic acid acidulant, canned food Gluconolactone acidulant, caramel Phosphoric acid acidulant, cereal Regent® 12XX acidulant, cheeses Lactic acid acidulant, chemically leavened baked flour confectionery Puron AG acidulant, chemically leavened flour confectionery Puron SR acidulant, chewing gum N-Hydroxysuccinic acid acidulant, cola beverages Phosphoric acid acidulant, condiments Adipic acid acidulant, confectionery Citric acid; Lactic acid acidulant, cookie mixes Regent® 12XX acidulant, cream of tartar L-Tartaric acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acidulant, cultured dairy prods. Lactic acid acidulant, cured meats Gluconolactone acidulant, dairy prods. Adipic acid; Citric acid monohydrate; Gluconolactone acidulant, dessert mixes Gluconolactone acidulant, desserts Citric acid monohydrate acidulant, dried fruits Sodium bisulfate acidulant, dry beverage mixes Ajax® acidulant, dry fish Sorbic acid acidulant, dry mix beverages N-Hydroxysuccinic acid acidulant, edible oils Adipic acid acidulant, effervescent beverages L-Tartaric acid acidulant, extended/sustained: chewing gum Citrocoat® acidulant, extended/sustained: sour fruit gum Citrocoat® acidulant, fats Adipic acid; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid acidulant, fats/oils Liquinat® acidulant, fish prods. Citrostabil® S; Gluconolactone acidulant, flavoring extracts Citric acid acidulant, food Acetic acid; Adipic acid; Adi-pure®; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Citric Acid, USP FCC Anhydrous Granular Citric acid; Citric Acid Anhyd.FG; Citric Acid Anhyd.GR; Cyclamic acid; DSP/TSP 30% Eastman® Propionic Acid, Food Grade, Kosher; Fumaric acid; D-Gluconic acid; Gluconolactone; γ-Heptalactone HT® Monocalcium Phosphate; Hydrochloric acid; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Lactic acid; Liquinat® Phosphoric acid; Purac® FCC 50; Purac® FCC 80; Purac® FCC 88; Purac® HS 50

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Purac® PF 90; Puron F; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic; Sodium bisulfate; Sodium bisulfite Sodium fumarate; Sodium phosphate; Sodium succinate; Sorbic acid; L-Tartaric acid TSP/DSP 40% acidulant, food processing Eastman® Glacial Acetic Acid Food Grade, Kosher acidulant, frankfurters Gluconolactone acidulant, frozen desserts Adipic acid acidulant, fruits N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Sodium bisulfate acidulant, gelatin Adipic acid acidulant, gelatin desserts L-Tartaric acid acidulant, gelatin N-Hydroxysuccinic acid acidulant, Genoa salami Gluconolactone acidulant, gravies Adipic acid acidulant, hard caramels Citrostabil® S acidulant, instant drinks Citrocoat® acidulant, jams/jellies N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Phosphoric acid acidulant, jelly articles Citrostabil® S acidulant, lard N-Hydroxysuccinic acid acidulant, lemon juice Sodium bisulfate acidulant, margarine Adipic acid; Liquinat® acidulant, meat Sodium bisulfate; Sorbic acid acidulant, meat prods. Adipic acid acidulant, mild Essiccum® acidulant, mild: dressings Essiccum® K acidulant, mild: fish prods. Essiccum® K acidulant, mild: gravies Essiccum® K Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

acidulant, mild: soups Essiccum® K acidulant, mild: sour dough Essiccum® K acidulant, mild: spice preps. Essiccum® K acidulant, milk products Citrocoat® acidulant, natural: food Itaconic acid; α-Ketoglutaric acid acidulant, nonalcoholic beverages N-Hydroxysuccinic acid acidulant, oils Adipic acid acidulant, olives Lactic acid acidulant, pancake mixes Regent® 12XX; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic acidulant, poultry Lactic acid acidulant, preserved fruits Liquinat® acidulant, preserves Citric acid monohydrate acidulant, processed cheeses Gluconolactone acidulant, puddings N-Hydroxysuccinic acid acidulant, salads Gluconolactone acidulant, sauces Gluconolactone acidulant, sausages Gluconolactone acidulant, self-raising flours Puron AG acidulant, shortening N-Hydroxysuccinic acid acidulant, snack foods Adipic acid acidulant, soft drinks Citric acid; Liquinat® acidulant, spice preps. Gluconolactone acidulant, sugar refining Phosphoric acid acidulant, tobacco Sorbic acid acidulant, vegetables Sodium bisulfate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference acidulant, wine N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Lactic acid activator, enzyme: barley malting Potassium gibberellate activator, enzyme: brewing Gibberellic acid activator, enzyme: distilled spirits Potassium gibberellate activator, enzyme: fermented malt beverages Potassium gibberellate adhesion promoter Midsol™ Krisp adhesion promoter, bakery prods. Meritol 160 adhesion promoter, baking N-Tack® adhesion promoter, bars TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Fiberplus Powder adhesion promoter, batters GemStar 3000; Midset™ 30; Midsol™ Adhere; Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12 adhesion promoter, batter systems: breaded, deep-fried foods Midsol™ Adhere Plus adhesion promoter, beverage emulsions TIC Pretested® Arabic PH SD adhesion promoter, breading Midsol™ Adhere; Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12 adhesion promoter, breading mixes Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP) adhesion promoter, candy coatings Methocel® K3 Premium adhesion promoter, cereals N-Tack® adhesion promoter, clear coat batters PenBind® 120 adhesion promoter, clear coat batters: meat Mazaca® 3543X; PenCling® 9172; PenCrisp® 905 adhesion promoter, clear coat batters: meat analogs Mazaca® 3543X; PenCling® 9172; PenCrisp® 905 adhesion promoter, clear coat batters: poultry Mazaca® 3543X; PenCling® 9172; PenCrisp® 905

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

adhesion promoter, clear coat batters: vegetables Mazaca® 3543X; PenCling® 9172; PenCrisp® 905 adhesion promoter, coatings GemStar 3000; Midset™ 30 adhesion promoter, confectionery Meritol 160; Tapioca dextrin; TIC Pretested® Aragum® 1067-T SS Powder adhesion promoter, crackers N-Tack® adhesion promoter, flavor encapsulation TIC Pretested® Arabic PH SD adhesion promoter, flavors N-Tack® adhesion promoter, flavors: bakery prods. Dry-Tack® 250 adhesion promoter, flavors: cereals Dry-Tack® 250 adhesion promoter, flavors: low-moisture foods Dry-Tack® 250 adhesion promoter, flavors: snacks Dry-Tack® 250 adhesion promoter, food TIC Pretested® Colloid Sticktic adhesion promoter, functional foods TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Fiberplus Powder adhesion promoter, glazes Methocel® K100M Premium adhesion promoter, granola bars TIC Pretested® Colloid Sticktic adhesion promoter, gummy candies Midset™ 30 adhesion promoter, high fiber soups TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Fiberplus Powder adhesion promoter, jelly bean centers Midset™ 30 adhesion promoter, licorice Midset™ 30 adhesion promoter, meat/vegetable batters Midsol™ 35 adhesion promoter, meat/vegetable breadings Midsol™ 35 adhesion promoter, microwavable foods Benecel® M 042 adhesion promoter, panned confectionery Crystal Tex™ 627 adhesion promoter, particulates: baked goods Sunmalt™ S 2107

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference adhesion promoter, particulates: bakery prods. Dry-Tack® 250 adhesion promoter, particulates: cereals Dry-Tack® 250 adhesion promoter, particulates: lowmoisture foods Dry-Tack® 250; Dry-Tack® 250 adhesion promoter, particulates: snacks Dry-Tack® 250 adhesion promoter, pretzels N-Tack® adhesion promoter, reduced-fat snacks N-Tack® adhesion promoter, sauces Textra®; Textra® Plus adhesion promoter, seasongs'seeds: crackers Purity® Gum 59 adhesion promoter, seasongs'seeds: nut meats Purity® Gum 59 adhesion promoter, seasonings N-Tack® adhesion promoter, seasonings: cereals Dry-Tack® 250 adhesion promoter, seasonings: lowmoisture foods Dry-Tack® 250 adhesion promoter, seasonings: snacks Dry-Tack® 250 adhesion promoter, sesame seeds TIC Pretested® Colloid Sticktic adhesion promoter, snack particulates N-Tack® adhesion promoter, soy sauce Textra® Plus adhesion promoter, spices TIC Pretested® Colloid Sticktic adhesion promoter, spices: batters Kelcogel® LT adhesion promoter, spices: dressings Kelcogel® LT adhesion promoter, spices: snacks Kelcogel® LT adhesion promoter, starch jellies Midset™ 30 adhesion promoter, taffy Midset™ 30 adhesive agent, food Sammi Gelatine adhesive, baked goods PenCook® 10

adhesive, confectionery TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic PreHydrated® adhesive, crackers TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-B No Fat Powder adhesive, food K4484; Methocel® A15C Premium; Methocel® A15LV Premium; Methocel® E15 Food Grade; Methocel® F4M Premium PenCook® 50; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic Pre-Hydrated® adhesive, granola Rice*Complete® 3 adhesive, gravies PenCook® 10 adhesive, meat PenCook® 10 adhesive, nut coatings Rice*Complete® 3 adhesive, oil-roasted nuts Sweet'n'Neat® Tack Blend X adhesive, sauces PenCook® 10 adhesive, seafood PenCook® 10 adhesive, snacks foods Sweet'n'Neat® Tack Blend X adhesive, soups PenCook® 10; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic Pre-Hydrated® adhesive, spices: snack foods TIC Pretested® No Fat Snack Dry Powder adjunct, brewing Clearbrew® 43% IX High Maltose Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 53/44 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 63/43 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 63/44 Liquid Adjunct adjunct, full-bodied beer brewing Clearbrew® 60/43 Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 60/44 IX Liquid Adjunct; Clearbrew® 60/44 Liquid Adjunct adjuvant, alcoholic beverages Aconitic acid; Anethole; Benzaldehyde; dCarvone; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Ethyl acetate; Ethyl formate; Ethyl vanillin; Tributyrin adjuvant, baked goods Acetaldehyde; Acetyl methyl carbinol; Aconitic acid; Anethole; Benzaldehyde

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2108

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate; n-Butyric acid; d-Carvone; l-Carvone; Cinnamal Citral; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Decanal; Diacetyl Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Ethyl acetate; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl formate; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Ethyl vanillin; Eugenol; Fenchyl alcohol; Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Geraniol Geranyl acetate; Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium diacetate; Triacetin Tributyrin adjuvant, baking mixes Glyceryl oleate adjuvant, beverages Aconitic acid; Benzaldehyde; l-Carvone; Citral; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Decanal; Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl formate Fenchyl alcohol; Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Geraniol; Glyceryl oleate; Tributyrin adjuvant, candy Acetaldehyde; Acetyl methyl carbinol; Aconitic acid; Benzaldehyde; Benzyl 2,3dimethylcrotonate n-Butyric acid; d-Carvone; l-Carvone; Cinnamal; Citral Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Decanal; Diacetyl; Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil Ethyl acetate; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl formate; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate; Ethyl vanillin Eugenol; Fenchyl alcohol; Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Geraniol; Geranyl acetate N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate; Triacetin adjuvant, cheeses Lactic acid; Propylene glycol alginate adjuvant, cheese spreads Bakers yeast extract adjuvant, chewing gum Acetaldehyde; Aconitic acid; Anethole; Benzaldehyde; n-Butyric acid Cinnamal; Citral; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Decanal; Diacetyl Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Ethyl acetate; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl formate; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ethyl vanillin; Eugenol; Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Geraniol; Geranyl acetate Glyceryl oleate; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Triacetin adjuvant, chocolate Ethyl vanillin adjuvant, chocolate flavors Malt extract adjuvant, coffee whiteners Glyceryl oleate adjuvant, condiments Cinnamal; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Eugenol; Garlic (Allium sativum) oil Propylene glycol alginate adjuvant, confectionery l-Carvone; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Lactic acid; Lactic acid; Potassium lactate adjuvant, cottage cheese Acetyl methyl carbinol adjuvant, cultured dairy prods. Lactic acid adjuvant, cured meat Malt extract adjuvant, dendritic crystal salt Sodium ferrocyanide adjuvant, dry mix beverages N-Hydroxysuccinic acid adjuvant, fats N-Hydroxysuccinic acid adjuvant, fats/oils Propylene glycol alginate; Tributyrin adjuvant, fillings Tributyrin adjuvant, flavor: food Purasal® S/SP 60 adjuvant, flavors Algae, brown; Algae, red; Avox™ 4B; Avox™ A; 2-Ethylhexanol Heliotropine; d-Limonene; dl-Limonene; lLimonene; Linalool 95 Linalool 925; Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K; Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 LK; Methyl anthranilate; Potassium sulfate Propylene glycol alginate; Ross Beeswax; Vanillin adjuvant, flavor: sauces Algin adjuvant, flavors: confectionery Algin

2109

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference adjuvant, flavors: enriched flours Thiamine HCl adjuvant, flavors: food Algin; Beeswax, white; Beeswax, yellow; Sodium carbonate; Thiamine HCl adjuvant, flavors: frostings Algin adjuvant, flavors: fruit juices Algin adjuvant, flavors: gelatin Algin adjuvant, flavors: hard candy Algin adjuvant, flavors: ice cream Algin adjuvant, flavors: infant formulas Thiamine HCl adjuvant, flavors: seasonings Algae, brown; Algae, red adjuvant, flavors: spices Algae, brown; Algae, red adjuvant, flavor: toppings Algin adjuvant, food Acacia; Acetaldehyde; Acetyl methyl carbinol; Aconitic acid; Anethole Bakers yeast extract; Benzaldehyde; Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate; n-Butyric acid; Calcium stearate Caprylic acid; Carvone; d-Carvone; lCarvone; Chemstat® G-118/52 Cinnamal; Citral; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Decanal Diacetyl; Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens) weed oil; Dill (Anethum sowa) seed oil; Ethyl acetate Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl formate; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate; Ethyl vanillin; Eugenol Fenchyl alcohol; Garlic (Allium sativum) extract; Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Geraniol; Geranyl acetate Glyceryl oleate; trans-3-Heptenyl acetate; NHydroxysuccinic acid; Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate; Lactic acid Linalool; Linalyl acetate; Linoleic acid; Magnesium chloride hexahydrate; Malt extract Niacet Sodium Diacetate FCC; Pationic® 1233; Pationic® 1240; Pationic® 1250; Potassium carbonate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Potassium lactate; Potassium persulfate; Propylene glycol alginate; Rue (Ruta graveolens) oil; Sodium acetate anhydrous Sodium benzoate; Sodium decylbenzene sulfonate; Sodium diacetate; Sodium lactate; Sorbitol Stearic acid; Struktol® Calcium Stearate; Struktol® TR 016; Tannic acid; 4-(p-Tolyl)-2butanone Triacetin; Tributyrin adjuvant, food processing Glyceryl rosinate; Methyl rosinate adjuvant, frozen dairy desserts Propylene glycol alginate adjuvant, frozen desserts Bakers yeast extract adjuvant, fruits N-Hydroxysuccinic acid adjuvant, gelatin Acetyl methyl carbinol; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Propylene glycol alginate adjuvant, gravies Propylene glycol alginate adjuvant, ice cream Acetaldehyde; Acetyl methyl carbinol; Aconitic acid; Anethole; Benzaldehyde Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate; n-Butyric acid; d-Carvone; l-Carvone; Cinnamal Citral; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Decanal; Diacetyl Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Ethyl acetate; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl formate; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Ethyl vanillin; Eugenol; Fenchyl alcohol; Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Geraniol Geranyl acetate; Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate; Triacetin; Tributyrin adjuvant, ices Acetaldehyde; Acetyl methyl carbinol adjuvant, imitation vanilla extract Ethyl vanillin adjuvant, infant formulas Linoleic acid; Magnesium chloride hexahydrate adjuvant, jams Potassium lactate; Propylene glycol alginate adjuvant, jams/jellies N-Hydroxysuccinic acid

2110

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference adjuvant, jellies Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Potassium lactate; Propylene glycol alginate adjuvant, lard N-Hydroxysuccinic acid adjuvant, licorice candy Anethole adjuvant, liqueurs Carvone adjuvant, margarine Acetyl methyl carbinol; n-Butyric acid; Diacetyl; Potassium carbonate; Potassium lactate adjuvant, marmalades Potassium lactate adjuvant, meat Cinnamal; Cinnamal; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Eugenol Eugenol; Sodium acetate anhydrous adjuvant, meat prods. Glyceryl oleate; Sodium diacetate adjuvant, microcapsules: encapsulating flavoring substances Silica adjuvant, minerals PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9; PEG-10 PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20; PEG-32 PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG-150; PEG180 Polyethylene glycol adjuvant, nonalcoholic beverages Acetyl methyl carbinol; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid adjuvant, nonnutritive sweeteners PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9; PEG-10 PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20; PEG-32 PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG-150; PEG180 Polyethylene glycol adjuvant, olives Lactic acid adjuvant, pickles Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens) weed oil adjuvant, poultry Lactic acid; Malt extract adjuvant, puddings Acetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde; Acetyl methyl carbinol; Anethole; Benzaldehyde

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate; n-Butyric acid; n-Butyric acid; d-Carvone; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil Decanal; Diacetyl; Ethyl acetate; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl formate Ethyl methylphenylglycidate; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate; Ethyl vanillin; Ethyl vanillin; Eugenol Geraniol; Geranyl acetate; Geranyl acetate; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Tributyrin adjuvant, salad dressings Bakers yeast extract adjuvant, seasoning blends Dill (Anethum graveolens) weed oil; Garlic (Allium sativum) oil adjuvant, seasonings Propylene glycol alginate adjuvant, shortening Acetyl methyl carbinol; Diacetyl; NHydroxysuccinic acid adjuvant, snack dips Bakers yeast extract adjuvant, soft candy Tributyrin adjuvant, soft drinks l-Carvone adjuvant, soups Potassium carbonate adjuvant, sour cream prods. Bakers yeast extract adjuvant, spiced fruits Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil adjuvant, spice preps. Sodium diacetate adjuvant, syn. flavor Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK adjuvant, syrups Geranyl acetate adjuvant, tableting: flavor concs. Plasdone® C-15; Plasdone® C-30; Plasdone® K-25; Plasdone® K-29/32; Plasdone® K-90 PVP adjuvant, tableting: minerals Plasdone® C-15; Plasdone® C-30; Plasdone® K-25; Plasdone® K-29/32; Plasdone® K-90

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference adjuvant, tableting: nonnutritive sweeteners Plasdone® C-15; Plasdone® C-30; Plasdone® K-25; Plasdone® K-29/32; Plasdone® K-90 adjuvant, tableting: vitamins Plasdone® C-15; Plasdone® C-30; Plasdone® K-25; Plasdone® K-29/32; Plasdone® K-90 adjuvant, toppings Geraniol adjuvant, vanilla flavors Malt extract adjuvant, vegetable oil Glyceryl oleate adjuvant, vitamins PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9; PEG-10 PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20; PEG-32 PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG-150; PEG180 Polyethylene glycol adjuvant, wine N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Lactic acid adsorbent, beer foam stabilization Polyclar® BV; Polyclar® Ultra Fine adsorbent, dl-α-tocopheryl: tableted foods Silica adsorbent, fats/oils N-Zorbit® M adsorbent, fining/ clarification Vitiben® adsorbent, food Abscents® 3000; Acticarbone®; Anticromos®; Cab-O-Sil® H-5; Clarit® 125 Clarit® 1100; Magnesium silicate; Silica, amorphous; Silica, hydrated; Sipernat® 22 Zeolite adsorbent, pantothenyl alcohol: tableted foods Silica adsorbent resin, juice purification Amberlite™ FPX66 adsorbent resin, juice upgrading Amberlite™ FPX66 adsorbent resin, natural extract recovery Amberlite™ FPX66 adsorbent resin, polyphenol recovery Amberlite™ FPX66 adsorbent, synthetic: bioactive substances Diaion HP10; Diaion® HP30; Diaion® HP40; Diaion® HP50

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

adsorbent, synthetic: enzymes Diaion HP10; Diaion® HP30; Diaion® HP40; Diaion® HP50 adsorbent, synthetic: fatty acids Diaion HP10; Diaion® HP30; Diaion® HP40; Diaion® HP50 adsorbent, synthetic: vitamins Diaion HP10; Diaion® HP30; Diaion® HP40; Diaion® HP50 adsorbent, wine stabilization Polyclar® Ultra K-100 adsorption promoter, nutritionals Witafrol® 7420 aerating agent Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Atmos® 378 K; Sucrose fatty acid esters aerating agent, baked goods Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Sucroglycerides; Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate aerating agent, bakery nonaq. lipid systems Santone® 3-1-S XTR aerating agent, bakery prods. Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K; Promodan USV aerating agent, baking mixes Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate aerating agent, baking powder Puron AG; Puron SR aerating agent, batter: food Ryoto Ester SP aerating agent, batter: pound cake Ryoto Ester SP aerating agent, batters Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170; Sucrose erucate aerating agent, batter: sponge cake Ryoto Ester SP aerating agent, beet sugar processing Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids aerating agent, beverages Polyaldo® 10-1-S KFG; Sucroglycerides aerating agent, beverage whiteners Sucroglycerides aerating agent, cake batter/icing/shortening Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids 2112

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference aerating agent, cake icings Polyaldo® TGMS KFG aerating agent, cake mixes Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Dimodan® H SK-A; Dimodan® PV 300 Kosher; Dimodan® PVP Kosher; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids aerating agent, cakes Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Crillet 3; Durlac® 100W; Grindsted™ ACETEM Grindsted™ GA 1350; Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K; Myvatex® 40-06S; Myverol® P-06K; Polyaldo® 10-1-S KFG Polyaldo® TGMS KFG; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic; Soft Touch K; Tandem® 11H K aerating agent, cakes/cake mixes Aldo® PGHMS KFG aerating agent, cake shortenings Durlac® 100W; Promodan USV aerating agent, carbonated beverages Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide aerating agent, chemical: baking powder Aerophos® P aerating agent, chemical: biscuits Aerophos XA aerating agent, chemical: crumpets Aerophos XA aerating agent, chemically leavened flour confectioneries Puron AG; Puron SR aerating agent, chemical: prepared mixes Aerophos® P aerating agent, chemical: quick-cook applics. Aerophos® XA aerating agent, chemical: self-raising flour Aerophos® P aerating agent, chewing gum Sucroglycerides aerating agent, chocolate compds. Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids aerating agent, coffee whiteners Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K aerating agent, confectionery Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Santone® 3-1-S XTR; Sucroglycerides aerating agent, dairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids aerating agent, dairy prods. Nitrous oxide; Santone® 3-1-S XTR Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

aerating agent, desserts Polyaldo® 10-1-S KFG aerating agent, dietary food supplements Sucroglycerides aerating agent, dietetic foods Sucroglycerides aerating agent, doughnuts Aeromix® G aerating agent, dry whipped toppings Acetylated hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride aerating agent, edible coatings Grindsted™ ACETEM aerating agent, extruded prods. Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K aerating agent, fat-based systems Polyaldo® TGMS; Polyaldo® TGMS KFG aerating agent, flours Aeromix® M aerating agent, foamed food prods. Butane; Chloropentafluoroethane; Isobutane; Octafluorocyclobutane; Propane aerating agent, food Admul Emulsponge 5306; Admul PGE 1405; Admul PGE 1410; Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® PGHMS KFG Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Avapol™ EMD; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide; Crester L Glyceryl lactopalmitate/stearate; Grindsted™ ACETEM; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Methyl ethyl cellulose; Nitrous oxide Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids; Ryoto Sugar Ester LWA1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-070; Santone® 31-S XTR Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic; Sodium bicarbonate; Sucroglycerides; Sucrose laurate; Sucrose oleate Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose polystearate; Sucrose tristearate aerating agent, frozen dairy desserts Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate aerating agent, frozen dairy prods. Aldo® LP KFG aerating agent, frozen desserts Dimodan® H SK-A; Dimodan® PV 300 Kosher; Dimodan® PVP Kosher 2113

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference aerating agent, frozen mousses Cremodan® Mousse aerating agent, ice cream mixes Admul Emulsponge 5306 aerating agent, icings Canola oil glyceride; Myverol® 18-99; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8 aerating agent, layer cakes Vanall aerating agent, lipid systems Santone® 3-1-SH aerating agent, margarine Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids aerating agent, meat prods. Sucroglycerides aerating agent, meringues Methyl ethyl cellulose aerating agent, muffins Vanall aerating agent, nondairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids aerating agent, oils Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids aerating agent, packet mixes Aeromix® M aerating agent, pancake mixes Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic aerating agent, pastries Antelope Aerator aerating agent, peanut butter Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K aerating agent, prepared food mixes Durlac® 100W aerating agent, rendered animal fats Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids aerating agent, rendered poultry fat Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids aerating agent, sauces Sucroglycerides aerating agent, self-raising flours Puron AG aerating agent, sherbets Cremodan® SL

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

aerating agent, shortening Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; G-038; G-002; G-508 Grindsted™ ACETEM; Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Myverol® P-06; Polyaldo® TGMS aerating agent, snack cakes Vanall aerating agent, sorbets Cremodan® SL aerating agent, soups Sucroglycerides aerating agent, sponge cakes Admul Emulsponge 5306; Vanall aerating agent, sprayed food prods. Butane; Chloropentafluoroethane; Isobutane; Octafluorocyclobutane; Propane aerating agent, synthetic creams Admul PGE 1405; Admul PGE 1410 aerating agent, topping powders Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids aerating agent, toppings G-038; G-002; G-508; Grindsted™ ACETEM aerating agent, vegetable dairy systems Durlac® 100W aerating agent, whipped cream Nitrous oxide aerating agent, whipped toppings Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® MS KFG; Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Durlac® 100W Lamegin® GLP Range; Methyl ethyl cellulose; Myverol® 18-07; Myverol® P-06K; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids Promodan USV; Propylene glycol monoand diesters of fats and fatty acids aerating agent, yeast Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids aftertaste improver, high-intensity sweeteners Nutriose® FB06 agglomeration control agent, frozen desserts Lumulse® POE (20) GMSK air incorporation improver, cakes EC-25® algicide, food processing Benzalkonium chloride; NKC-610 Benzalkonium Chloride

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference alkali, baked goods Ammonium hydroxide; Potassium bicarbonate; Potassium hydroxide alkali, black olives Potassium hydroxide alkali, caramel Ammonium hydroxide alkali, cheeses Ammonium hydroxide alkali, cocoa Potassium hydroxide alkali, cookies Ammonium bicarbonate alkali, crackers Ammonium bicarbonate alkali, dairy prods. Potassium hydroxide; Sodium sesquicarbonate alkali, dietary drinks Potassium bicarbonate alkali, dried milk prods. Potassium bicarbonate alkali, dry mixes Magnesium carbonate alkali, food Ammonium bicarbonate; Ammonium hydroxide; Calcium Carbonate 2927 Extra Heavy; Calcium Carbonate 2928 Ultra Heavy; Calcium carbonate Calcium Carbonate BC 300 Light; Calcium Carbonate BC 2924 Extra Light; Calcium Carbonate BC 2925 Medium; Calcium Carbonate BC 2926 Light; Calcium Carbonate Purified 2923 Heavy Calcium oxide; Calcium Oxide 801; Magnesium carbonate; Magnesium Carbonate 309-S Light; Magnesium Carbonate 320-S Heavy Magnesium Carbonate 321; Magnesium hydroxide; Magnesium oxide; Magnesium Oxide 310-FCC Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-S Heavy Magnesium Oxide 310-SGR Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-SH Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 311-S Light; Potassium bicarbonate; Potassium carbonate Potassium hydroxide; Sodium bicarbonate; Sodium carbonate; Sodium hydroxide; Sodium sesquicarbonate alkali, food processing Calcium Oxide 801; Magnesium Oxide 310FCC Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-S Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-SGR Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-SH Heavy Magnesium Oxide 311-S Light alkali, frozen desserts Magnesium hydroxide alkali, frozen vegetables Potassium hydroxide alkali, ice cream Potassium hydroxide alkali, infant formulas Magnesium oxide alkali, margarine Potassium bicarbonate; Potassium carbonate alkaline agent Sodium metaphosphate alkaline agent, food Potassium metaphosphate; Sodium metaphosphate; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate alkaline agent, whey processing Sodium metaphosphate alkali, poultry Potassium hydroxide alkali, processed fruits Ammonium hydroxide alkali, puddings Ammonium hydroxide alkali, soft drinks Potassium hydroxide alkali, soups Potassium carbonate alkali, sugar processing Calcium oxide alkali, table salt Magnesium carbonate alkalizer, processed cheeses Sodium phosphate tribasic anti-adhesive agent, baked goods Cerabeil White DAB anti-aging agent, breads Sodium starch glycolate anti-allergic agent Origanox™ WS-LB antibacteria, beverages Poem DP-95RF antibacterial, alcoholic fermentation Delvozyme® antibacterial, baked goods Methylparaben antibacterial, beverages Methylparaben 2115

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antibacterial, citrus fruits o-Phenylphenol antibacterial, food Formic acid; Methylparaben; oPhenylphenol; Poem DM-100; Ryoto Sugar Ester B-370 Ryoto Sugar Ester L-595; Ryoto Sugar Ester L-1695; Ryoto Sugar Ester M-1695; Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570; Sucrose dilaurate Sucrose laurate; Sucrose myristate; Sucrose tribehenate antibacterial, food colors Methylparaben antibacterial, milk Methylparaben antibacterial, vegetable/fruit scrubbing Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570 antibacterial, wine Methylparaben antibleaching agent, dry mixes Magnesium carbonate antibleaching agent, food Magnesium carbonate antibleaching agent, table salt Magnesium carbonate antiblocking agent, breads Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antiblocking agent, candy Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N antiblocking agent, cereals Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antiblocking agent, cheeses Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antiblocking agent, chocolate coatings Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N antiblocking agent, drink mixes Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antiblocking agent, food Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antiblocking agent, fruits Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N antiblocking agent, health food Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N antiblocking agent, pasta Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antiblocking agent, pastries Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antiblocking agent, snack foods Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antibloom agent, chocolate Glycomul® TS KFG antibloom agent, confectionery coatings Vykamol 83G antiblooming agent, chocolate Crill 3; Crill 41 antiblooming agent, coatings Crill 3 antiblooming agent, confectioners coatings Crill 41 antiblooming agent, fat: chocolates Ryoto Sugar Ester POS-135 antibrowning agent, peeled fruits Ethanolamine antibrowning agent, peeled vegetables Ethanolamine anticaking agent FloAm® 500; Maltrin® M040; Potassium oleate; Silica anticaking agent, baked goods Calcium phosphate dibasic; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Potassium acid tartrate anticaking agent, bakery mixes Star-Dri® 1 anticaking agent, bakery prods. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose anticaking agent, baking powder Calcium silicate; DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418; Potassium acid tartrate anticaking agent, batter mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 anticaking agent, batters Star-Dri® 10

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference anticaking agent, beverage mixes Star-Dri® 15 anticaking agent, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose anticaking agent, breading mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 anticaking agent, breads Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 anticaking agent, cake mixes Sipernat® 50; Sipernat® 50S; Sodium silicoaluminate anticaking agent, candy Koster Keunen Carnauba; Magnesium stearate; Maltodextrin; Potassium acid tartrate anticaking agent, cereal prods. Calcium phosphate dibasic anticaking agent, cereals Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 anticaking agent, cheeses JustFiber® 20E; JustFiber® 80; JustFiber® L20; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102 Qual Flo® 20E; Qual Flo® 20PS; Qual Flo® 200; Qual Flo® 200LD; Qual Flo® EXT Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 anticaking agent, cocoa powders Sipernat® 50S anticaking agent, coffee powders Calcium gluconate anticaking agent, confectioners' sugar DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 anticaking agent, confectionery Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 592; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light); Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse Carnauba Wax Fine; Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine; Potassium acid tartrate Star-Dri® 15 anticaking agent, crackers Maltodextrin anticaking agent, dairy desserts Star-Dri® 5; Star-Dri® 10; Star-Dri® 15; StarDri® 18

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

anticaking agent, dairy prods. Sodium sesquicarbonate anticaking agent, dietetic prods. Miglyol® 812 anticaking agent, dough prods. DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 anticaking agent, dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose anticaking agent, dried soups Sipernat® 22S; Sipernat® 50S anticaking agent, drink mixes Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 anticaking agent, dry beverages Calcium phosphate tribasic anticaking agent, dry mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418; Magnesium carbonate; Sodium silicoaluminate; Solka-Floc® 20 FCC Solka-Floc® 40 NF; Solka-Floc® 200 FCC; Solka-Floc® 300 FCC; Solka-Floc® 900 FCC; Star-Dri® 1005A Star-Dri® 1015A anticaking agent, food Act II 200 USP; Aeroperl® 300 Pharma; Alpha Cellulose, Powdered BH 200; Altalc 325 USP; Aluminum caprate Aluminum caprylate; Aluminum distearate; Aluminum laurate; Aluminum myristate; Aluminum myristates/palmitates Aluminum oleate; Aluminum palmitate; Aluminum silicate; Aluminum stearate; Aluminum tristearate Ammonium caprate; Ammonium caprylate; Ammonium laurate; Ammonium myristate; Ammonium oleate Ammonium palmitate; Ammonium stearate; Bentonite; Calcium caprate; Calcium caprylate Calcium carbonate; Calcium chloride; Calcium ferrocyanide; Calcium hydrogen carbonate; Calcium laurate Calcium metasilicate; Calcium myristate; Calcium oleate; Calcium oxide; Calcium palmitate Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Calcium silicate; Calcium stearate; Calcium Stearate 920-T Calcium sulfate; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Carnauba Wax SP 8;

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Carnauba Wax SP 59-2; Carnauba Wax SP 63 Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light); Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200 Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine; Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine Cellulose; Ferrous hexacyanomanganate; Glyceryl soyate; Hubersorb® 600; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Imperial 400; Isomalt; Koster Keunen Carnauba; Magnesium caprate; Magnesium caprylate Magnesium carbonate; Magnesium Carbonate 309-S Light; Magnesium Carbonate 320-S Heavy; Magnesium Carbonate 321; Magnesium carbonate hydroxide Magnesium laurate; Magnesium myristate; Magnesium oleate; Magnesium oxide; Magnesium palmitate Magnesium phosphate dibasic; Magnesium phosphate monobasic; Magnesium phosphate tribasic; Magnesium stearate; Magnesium trisilicate Maltodextrin; D-Mannitol; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Microcrystalline cellulose PG USP; Polydimethylsiloxane; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium aluminum silicate; Potassium caprate Potassium caprylate; Potassium ferrocyanide; Potassium laurate; Potassium myristate; Potassium palmitate Potassium silicate; Potassium stearate; Propylene glycol; Radiamuls MG 2141; Radiamuls MG 2143 Radiamuls MG 2152; Radiamuls MG 2900; Ross Carnauba Wax; Silcasil S; SiLCRON® G-100 SiLCRON® G-100T; SiLCRON® G-650; Silica, amorphous; Simethicone; Sipernat® 22 Sipernat® 22S; Sipernat® 50; Sipernat® 50S; Slip-Ayd® SL 506; Slip-Ayd® SL 508 S-Nauba #1-120; S-Nauba #1 Flake; SNauba #3-120; S-Nauba #3 Flake; S-Nauba 5021 Sodium bicarbonate; Sodium caprate; Sodium caprylate; Sodium carbonate; Sodium laurate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium myristate; Sodium oleate; Sodium palmitate; Sodium sesquicarbonate; Sodium silicate Sodium silicoaluminate; Sodium stearate; Solka-Floc®; Sorbitol; Sorbo® Stearic acid; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102; Talc; Zinc silicate anticaking agent, food powders Calcium phosphate tribasic; Magnesium Stearate NF FGD anticaking agent, food processing Imperial 400 anticaking agent, fresh fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax anticaking agent, frostings Star-Dri® 5 anticaking agent, fruit coatings Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 592; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light) Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine anticaking agent, gelatin Potassium acid tartrate anticaking agent, gravies Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; StarDri® 1005A anticaking agent, guar gum Sipernat® 22S anticaking agent, gum Magnesium stearate anticaking agent, high-fat seasonings Sipernat® 50 anticaking agent, hygroscopic materials Purity® 5; Purity® 825 anticaking agent, hygroscopic powdered foods Ryoto Sugar Ester B-370; Sucrose tribehenate anticaking agent, ice cream Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose anticaking agent, icing mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 anticaking agent, infant formulas Magnesium oxide; Magnesium phosphate tribasic anticaking agent, jams Potassium acid tartrate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference anticaking agent, meat/poultry curing mixtures Sylysia 310P; Sylysia 350; Sylysia 370 anticaking agent, mint Magnesium stearate anticaking agent, mozzarella shredded cheese FloAm® 200 anticaking agent, nondairy creamers Sodium silicoaluminate anticaking agent, noodle prods. DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 anticaking agent, nutritional beverages Star-Dri® 1005A; Star-Dri® 1015A anticaking agent, packaged Cheddar cheese FloAm® 200C anticaking agent, packaged Colby cheese FloAm® 200C anticaking agent, packaged Monterey jack shredded cheese FloAm® 200 anticaking agent, packaged Muenster shredded cheese FloAm® 200 anticaking agent, packaged shredded cheeses FloAm® 200; FloAm® 200C; FloAm® 210 HC; FloAm® 221 anticaking agent, pasta Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 anticaking agent, pastries Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 anticaking agent, powdered cheese Sipernat® 22S anticaking agent, powdered foods Flo-Gard® AB; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-170 anticaking agent, powdered sugar Sodium silicoaluminate anticaking agent, powder sweeteners Silica, hydrated anticaking agent, processed fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax anticaking agent, puddings Maltodextrin; Potassium acid tartrate anticaking agent, salad dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose anticaking agent, salt Sodium silicoaluminate; Sylysia 310P; Sylysia 350; Sylysia 370

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

anticaking agent, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose anticaking agent, sauces Star-Dri® 1005A anticaking agent, seasonings Sylysia 310P; Sylysia 350; Sylysia 370 anticaking agent, shredded cheeses FloAm® 500 CF; FloAm® 500 TF anticaking agent, shredded/grated cheeses JustFiber® 20PS; Solka-Floc® 20 FCC; Solka-Floc® 200 FCC; Solka-Floc® 300 FCC; Solka-Floc® 900 FCC anticaking agent, small particle size foods Flo-Gard® FF anticaking agent, snack foods Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 anticaking agent, sodium nitrite: cured fish Sodium methylnaphthalenesulfonate; Sodium mono- and dimethyl naphthalene sulfonates anticaking agent, sodium nitrite: cured meat Sodium methylnaphthalenesulfonate; Sodium mono- and dimethyl naphthalene sulfonates anticaking agent, soft candy Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax anticaking agent, solids: food processing Clay BC 347; Clay BC 638; Colloidal Kaolin BC 825; Colloidal Kaolin BC 2457; Colloidal Kaolin BC 2747 Colloidal Kaolin BC 2749 anticaking agent, spice blends Star-Dri® 1005A anticaking agent, spices Sipernat® 22S; Sipernat® 50 anticaking agent, sugar fondants Star-Dri® 10 anticaking agent, sugar processing Calcium oxide anticaking agent, table salt Aluminum calcium silicate; Calcium ferrocyanide; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium silicate; Iron ammonium citrate Magnesium carbonate; Magnesium silicate; Magnesium silicate hydrate; Potassium ferrocyanide; Silica, hydrated Sodium ferrocyanide; Tricalcium silicate anticaking agent, tablets Microcrystalline cellulose anticaking agent, vanilla powder Aluminum calcium silicate 2119

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference anticaking agent, wine Kaolin anticracking agent, fillings: baking O.B. Stabilizer anticrystallization agent, fat emulsifier in confectionery TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder anticrystallization agent, fats Tetraglyn 5-S anticrystallization agent, frozen desserts TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-DY No Fat Powder anticrystallization agent, ice cream TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-DY No Fat Powder anticrystallization agent, jellies Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970; Sucrose distearate anticrystallization agent, low-fat dairy yogurt TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-DY No Fat Powder anticrystallization agent, sorbets TIC Pretested® Stabilizer 64 Powder anticrystallization agent, sugar: doughnut glazes TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 100 FCC/NF Powder; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 110 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 150 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar RS-100 Powder anticrystallization agent, sugar emulsifier in confectionery TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder anticrystallization agent, water ices TIC Pretested® Stabilizer 64 Powder antidarkening agent, potatoes Sodium acid pyrophosphate antidusting agent Delios® S; Delios® VK antidusting agent, food Drakeol® 10; Drakeol® 10B; Drakeol® 13; Drakeol® 15; Drakeol® 19 Drakeol® 21; Drakeol® 34; Drakeol® 35; Drakeol® 350; Drakeol® 32 Draketex 50; Ervol®; Hydrobrite® 300PO; Kaydol® antidusting agent, powdered foods Acetylated hydrogenated coconut glycerides Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antidusting agent, powdered foods/mixes Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides antiflocculant, soup concs. TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 450-PCS Powd. antiflotation agent, cold water-soluble food Metarin™ 436 antifoam Tween® 80K antifoam, adhesives Antifoam C100K antifoam, animal fats Silica antifoam, aq. food processing Antifoam FDK antifoam, aq. systems Trans-5; Trans-286 antifoam, aq. systems: fermentation Hodag® FD-62 K; Hodag® FD-82K antifoam, aq. systems: food Hodag® FD-62 K; Hodag® FD-82K antifoam, beer yeast Antifoam E 100 conc. antifoam, beet sugar processing AF HL-36; Trans-278; Tween® 80V Pharma antifoam, beverage bases Lumulse® PGO K antifoam, beverages CS-10FG; CS-30FG; CS-100FG; Dimethylsiloxane; Sag 710 Silfar® SE 4; TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG antifoam, boiler water: food contact Ucon® 50-HB-660; Ucon® 50-HB-2000; Ucon® 50-HB-3520; Ucon® 50-HB-5100 antifoam, bottle washing Antifoam FD50 antifoam, brewing Antifoam FD20P; Antifoam FD30; Antifoam FD50 antifoam, calf starters Crill 1; Crill 2 antifoam, carbohydrate systems Lumulse® PGO K antifoam, chewing gum bases Dimethylsiloxane antifoam, chocolate Dimethylsiloxane antifoam, citric acid Poloxamine 701; Poloxamine 1301; Synperonic® PE/L61; Synperonic® PE/L81; Synperonic® PE/L101

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Synperonic® PE/L121; Synperonic® T/701; Synperonic® T/1301; Ukanil 2340 antifoam, confectionery Antifoam E 100 conc.; Caprylic/capric glycerides antifoam, cooking oils Dimethylsiloxane antifoam, corn oil mfg. SF18-350; TA-100 FG; TA-100A FG antifoam, corn processing: molasses Hodag® FLO-3K antifoam, corn processing: starches Hodag® FLO-3K antifoam, corn processing: syrups Hodag® FLO-3K antifoam, dairy processing Witafrol® 7456 antifoam, dairy prods. Witafrol® 7480 N antifoam, deep-fat frying Antifoam C100K; TA-100 FG; TA-100A FG; SF18-350 antifoam, dehydration processes Sag 710 antifoam, dietary emulsions Lumulse® PGO K antifoam, distillation AF HL-36 antifoam, edible oil processing Antifoam C100K; Foam Blast® 7; Foam Blast® 10; Sag 100 antifoam, edible oils AF 100 FG; CS-10FG; CS-30FG; CS-100FG antifoam, egg washing TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG antifoam, ethanol fermentation Sag 710 antifoam, evaporation processes Sag 710 antifoam, extraction processes Sag 710 antifoam, fat rendering Foam Blast® 7; Foam Blast® 10 antifoam, fermentation AF HL-36; Antifoam F5; Antifoam FD30K; Antifoam FD50; Antifoam FDK Dimethylsiloxane; Hodag® CO-350; Kemester® 2050; Poloxamine 701; Poloxamine 1301 SF18-350; Silfar® S 184; Silicone Antifoam Emulsion SE 9; Synperonic® PE/L61; Synperonic® PE/L81 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Synperonic® PE/L101; Synperonic® PE/L121; Synperonic® T/701; Synperonic® T/1301; Ukanil 2340 antifoam, flavors Caprylic/capric glycerides; Sag 710 antifoam/foam suppressant, fermentation Dow Corning® Medical Antifoam AF Emulsion antifoam, food Adekanol B-3009A; AF 10 FG; AF 30 FG; AF 100 FG; AF 8805 FG AF 8810 FG; AF 8820 FG; AF 8830 FG; Aldo® MS-20 KFG; Antifoam C100N Antifoam FDP; Antifoam FG10; Calcium alginate; Canola oil glyceride; Caprylic acid Caprylic/capric glycerides; CS-10FG; CS30FG; CS-100FG; Dimethylsiloxane Dow Corning® Q7-2243 LVA; DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher; Durem™ 300; Glyceryl mono/dioleate; Glyceryl soyate Hodag® CO-350; Oleyl alcohol; PEG-20 glyceryl stearate; PEG-6 oleate; Polydimethylsiloxane SAF-119FG; SAF-129FG; SAF-139FG; SF18350; Silbione™ 70414 Silbione™ 70462; Silfar® 1000; Silfar® 350; Silfar® 500; Silfar® S 184 Silfar® SE 4; Silicone Antifoam Emulsion SE 9; Sorbitan laurate; Sorgen 30; Sorgen 40 Sorgen 50; Sorgen 90; Sorgen TW20; Sorgen TW60; Trans-5 Trans-5 A; Trans-5 K; Trans-5 PK; Trans-10 A; Trans-10 K Trans-10 M; Trans-10 PK; Trans-20 A; Trans-20 K; Trans-20 PK Trans-30 K; Trans-30 PK; Trans-100 K; Trans-100 PK; Trans-220 K Trans-278; Trans-278 K; Trans-286; Witafrol® 7420; Witafrol® 7480 N antifoam, food frying Sag 100 antifoam, food processing Aldo® MLD KFG; Antifoam C100F; Antifoam C100K; Antifoam F5; Antifoam FD20P Antifoam FD30; Antifoam FD30K; Antifoam FD30P; Antifoam FG50; Crill 4 Myverol® 18-99; Qemisurf 300K; Rhodorsil® R-4710AC; Rhodorsil® RA4730AC; Silfoam® Emulsion SE 21

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Silfoam® Emulsion SE 23; Silfoam® Emulsion SE 25; TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG; Trans-220 antifoam, food processing: coffee Silbione® Antifoam 70452 Compound antifoam, food processing: edible/frying oils Silbione® Antifoam 70452 Compound antifoam, food processing: potato chip mfg. Silbione® Antifoam 70452 Compound antifoam, food processing: tea Silbione® Antifoam 70452 Compound antifoam, food processing: vegetable oil esterification Silbione® Antifoam 70452 Compound antifoam, fruit flavors/juices Witafrol® 7480 N antifoam, fruit jellies Myrj® 52 antifoam, fruit processing Antifoam E 100 conc.; Rhodorsil® RA4730AC antifoam, fungal fermentation Sag 5693 antifoam, jam/jelly/sauce mfg. Sag 100 antifoam, jam mfg. Antifoam F5; Antifoam FD30K; Antifoam FD50; Antifoam FDK antifoam, jams Caprylic/capric glycerides; Dimethylsiloxane; Lumulse® PGO K; Witafrol® 7480 N antifoam, jellies Lumulse® PGO K antifoam, juices Rhodorsil® RA-4730AC; TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG antifoam, meat/poultry processing AF 100 FG antifoam, meat processing Foam Blast® 7; Foam Blast® 10; Sag 710 antifoam, molasses Antifoam C100K antifoam, mold fermentation Sag 5693 antifoam, nonaq. foaming systems Hodag® CO-350 antifoam, nonaq. systems Foam Blast® 7; Foam Blast® 10 antifoam, pickles TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antifoam, potato chip mfg. Antifoam FD50 antifoam, potato processing Caprylic/capric glycerides; Softenol® 3600; TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG antifoam, poultry/meat processing AF 10 FG; AF 30 FG; AF 8805 FG; AF 8810 FG; AF 8820 FG AF 8830 FG antifoam, poultry processing Sag 710 antifoam, preserves Caprylic/capric glycerides; Lumulse® PGO K; Myrj® 52 antifoam, processed food Myrj® 52 antifoam, protein processing Glicepol 180; Mazol® 300 K; Mazol® GMO K; Mazol® GMS-K antifoam, rendering TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG; TA-100 FG; TA100A FG antifoam, sauces Myrj® 52 antifoam, seafood CS-10FG; CS-30FG; CS-100FG; TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG antifoam, seasonings Witafrol® 7480 N antifoam, soft drink mfg. Antifoam C100K antifoam, soybean curd Ryoto Sugar Ester S-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370 antifoam, sugar beet processing Antifoam FD50; Poloxamine 701; Poloxamine 1301; Sag 5693; Synperonic® LF/RA260 Synperonic® PE/L61; Synperonic® PE/L81; Synperonic® PE/L101; Synperonic® PE/L121; Synperonic® T/701 Synperonic® T/1301; Ukanil 2340; Witafrol® 7480 N antifoam, sugar extraction Antifoam E 100 conc. antifoam, sugar molasses Antifoam FD50 antifoam, sugar processing Glicepol 180; Hodag® CB-6 KP; Mazol® 300 K; Mazol® GMO K; Mazol® GMS-K

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antifoam, sugar-protein syrups DREWPOL® 10-6-O; DREWPOL® 10-10-O; DREWPOL PGPR; Polyaldo® DGDO KFG; Santone® 10-10-0 antifoam, sugar refining Antifoam C100K antifoam, sweets/preserves/jams Softenol® 3600 antifoam, syrups Crill 1; Crill 2; Dimethylsiloxane; Lumulse® PGO K antifoam, vegetable oil esterification TA-100 FG; TA-100A FG antifoam, vegetable processing Antifoam FD50; Silfar® SE 4 antifoam, vegetable washing TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG antifoam, vegetable oils Silica antifoam, vinegar Dimethylsiloxane antifoam, vitamin concs. Lumulse® PGO K antifoam, washing/pkg. operations Sag 710 antifoam, whey processing Sag 710 antifoam, wine mfg. Antifoam FD50; CS-10FG; CS-30FG; CS100FG; Dimethylsiloxane antifoam, yeast Dimethylsiloxane; Poloxamine 701; Poloxamine 1301; Synperonic® PE/L61; Synperonic® PE/L81 Synperonic® PE/L101; Synperonic® PE/L121; Synperonic® T/701; Synperonic® T/1301; Ukanil 2340 antifoam, yeast fermentation Sag 5693 antifoam, yeast processing AF HL-36; Trans-278 antifungal, baked goods Methylparaben antifungal, beverages Methylparaben antifungal, food Methylparaben antifungal, food colors Methylparaben antifungal, milk Methylparaben

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antifungal, wine Methylparaben antigushing agent, fermented malt beverages Calcium disodium EDTA antihazing agent, beer Papain antimicrobial Essiccum®; Essiccum® K; Nipagin A Sodium antimicrobial, alcoholic beverages Alcohol antimicrobial, apples Sodium o-phenylphenate antimicrobial, bacon curing Potassium nitrite antimicrobial, baked goods Methylparaben; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium sorbate; Sodium diacetate; Sodium erythorbate Sodium propionate antimicrobial, bakery prods. Nisaplin®; Nisaplin® BS antimicrobial, baking powder Potassium acid tartrate antimicrobial, beef Sodium erythorbate antimicrobial, beer Heptyl paraben; Hexahop Gold®; Tetrahop®; Tetrahop® antimicrobial, beet sugar mills Cetalkonium chloride; 2,2-Dibromo-3nitrilopropionamide; Disodium cyanodithioimidocarbonate; Ethylenediamine; Nabam Potassium N-methyldithiocarbamate; Protectol® GDA; Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate; Sorbitan palmitate; n-Tetradecyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride antimicrobial, beet-sugar mills Glutaral antimicrobial, beverages Methylparaben; Nisaplin®; Potassium sorbate; Sodium erythorbate antimicrobial, bottled drinking water treatment Ozone antimicrobial, breads Calcium propionate antimicrobial, cakes Potassium sorbate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antimicrobial, candy Potassium acid tartrate antimicrobial, cane sugar mills Cetalkonium chloride; 2,2-Dibromo-3nitrilopropionamide; Disodium cyanodithioimidocarbonate; Ethylenediamine; Lauralkonium chloride Myristalkonium chloride; Nabam; Potassium N-methyldithiocarbamate; Protectol® GDA; Quaternium-14 Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate; Sorbitan palmitate; Stearalkonium chloride; nTetradecyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride antimicrobial, cheeses Calcium propionate; Lactic acid; Potassium sorbate; Sodium propionate antimicrobial, cheese whey Hydrogen peroxide antimicrobial, cheese wraps Caprylic acid antimicrobial, confectionery Calcium propionate; Lactic acid; MicroGARD® MG 300; Potassium acid tartrate; Sodium propionate antimicrobial, convenience food Novasin antimicrobial, cooked hams Guardian™ NR 250 antimicrobial, cooked meat prods. Lysozyme antimicrobial, cooked sausages Guardian™ NR 250 antimicrobial, corn processing Sulfur dioxide antimicrobial, corn syrup Hydrogen peroxide antimicrobial, cultured dairy prods. Lactic acid antimicrobial, cured meats Eribate®; Sodium erythorbate; Sodium nitrite antimicrobial, dairy prods. Nisaplin® antimicrobial, dessert cups MicroGARD® MG 300 antimicrobial, dried eggs Hydrogen peroxide antimicrobial, dry fishes Sorbic acid

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antimicrobial, fermentation Cetrimonium chloride; Cocoalkonium chloride; Laurtrimonium chloride; Nissan Cation AB; Nissan Cation BB Nissan Cation F2-40E; Nissan Cation F2-50; Nissan Cation F2-50E; Nissan Cation PB-40; Nissan Cation PB-300 Steartrimonium chloride antimicrobial, fermented malt beverages Heptyl paraben antimicrobial, fillings Calcium propionate antimicrobial, fish Potassium sorbate antimicrobial, food Alcohol; Benzoic acid; Benzyl alcohol; Calcium chloride; Calcium propionate Caprylic acid; Cetrimonium chloride; Cocoalkonium chloride; Coco-betaine; Dimethyl dithiodipropionate Ethylparaben; Heptyl paraben; Hexamethylenetetramine; Hydrogen peroxide; Lactic acid Laurtrimonium chloride; Methylparaben; MicroGARD® MG 300; Myristalkonium chloride; Niacet Sodium Diacetate FCC Nipacombin SK; Nipagin M; Nisaplin®; Nissan Anon BL; Nissan Cation AB Nissan Cation BB; Nissan Cation F2-40E; Nissan Cation F2-50; Nissan Cation F2-50E; Nissan Cation M2-100 Nissan Cation PB-40; Nissan Cation PB300; Nissan Cation S2-100; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium nitrate Potassium sorbate; Propionic acid; Propylparaben; Purasal® P HiPure 60; Purasal® S/SP 60 Quaternium-14; Skim milk; Sodium benzoate; Sodium dehydroacetate; Sodium diacetate Sodium erythorbate; Sodium ethylparaben; Sodium lactate; Sodium methylparaben; Sodium nitrate Sodium o-phenylphenate; Sodium propionate; Sodium propylparaben; Sorbic acid; Stearalkonium chloride Steartrimonium chloride; Sulfur dioxide antimicrobial, food colors Methylparaben antimicrobial, food processing Adox® 8125; Chlorine

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antimicrobial, frankfurter casings Lysozyme antimicrobial, fresh pork Sodium erythorbate antimicrobial, fresh salads Potassium sorbate antimicrobial, fresh salsas MicroGARD® MG 300 antimicrobial, frostings Calcium propionate; Sodium propionate; Sodium propionate antimicrobial, fruit juices Potassium sorbate antimicrobial, fruits Ethylparaben antimicrobial, functional beverages Lactoferrin antimicrobial, functional foods Lactoferrin antimicrobial, gelatin Calcium propionate; Potassium acid tartrate; Sodium propionate antimicrobial, health supplements Lactoferrin antimicrobial, heat-processed meat prods. Guardian™ NR 250 antimicrobial, high moisture baked goods Novasin antimicrobial, hot dogs Guardian™ NR 250 antimicrobial, infant formulas Lactoferrin antimicrobial, jams Calcium propionate; Potassium acid tartrate; Sodium propionate antimicrobial, jellies Calcium propionate; Sodium propionate antimicrobial, juices Novasin antimicrobial, late-blowing prevention: hard cheeses Delvozyme® G; Delvozyme® G; Delvozyme® L antimicrobial, late-blowing prevention: semihard cheeses Delvozyme® G; Delvozyme® G; Delvozyme® L antimicrobial, light-stable hopping: beer Hexahop® 95 antimicrobial, liquid eggs Novasin

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antimicrobial, low-pH sauces Guardian™ NR 100 antimicrobial, margarine Potassium sorbate antimicrobial, marinades Guardian™ NR 100 antimicrobial, meat Arlac P®; Arlac S®; Nisaplin®; Potassium lactate; Sodium lactate Sorbic acid antimicrobial, meat prods. Galaflow PL 60; Galaflow SL; Sodium diacetate; Sodium nitrite; Sodium propionate antimicrobial, milk Hydrogen peroxide; Methylparaben antimicrobial, mold control: food Niacet Calcium Propionate FCC; Niacet Sodium Propionate FCC antimicrobial, nonalcoholic beverages Sodium propionate antimicrobial, noncarbonated fruit drinks Heptyl paraben antimicrobial, noncarbonated soft drinks Heptyl paraben antimicrobial, nondairy foods Nisaplin® ND antimicrobial, olives Lactic acid antimicrobial, pasta/pizza sauces MicroGARD® MG 300 antimicrobial, pasteurized processed cheeses Novasin antimicrobial, pasteurized sauces Guardian™ NR 100 antimicrobial, pasteurized soups Guardian™ NR 100 antimicrobial, pickled goods Potassium sorbate antimicrobial, pizza crust Alcohol antimicrobial, potato storage Anthium 200® antimicrobial, poultry Arlac P®; Arlac S®; Lactic acid; Potassium lactate; Sodium erythorbate Sodium lactate antimicrobial, poultry curing Potassium nitrite antimicrobial, poultry processing Sodium chlorite

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antimicrobial, poultry prods. Lysozyme antimicrobial preservative, food Purasal® HiPure P; Purasal® S antimicrobial, preserves Ethylparaben antimicrobial, puddings Calcium propionate; Potassium acid tartrate; Sodium propionate; Sodium propionate antimicrobial, red-meat curing Potassium nitrite antimicrobial, refrigerated salad dressings MicroGARD® MG 300 antimicrobial, ripened cheeses Delvozyme® antimicrobial, RTE foods Guardian™ NR 100 antimicrobial, salad dressings Novasin; Potassium sorbate antimicrobial, sauces Novasin antimicrobial, sausage casings Propylparaben antimicrobial, seafood prods. Arlac P®; Arlac S® antimicrobial, smoked fish Sodium nitrite antimicrobial, soft drinks Ethylparaben antimicrobial, soups MicroGARD® MG 300; Novasin antimicrobial, spice preps. Sodium diacetate antimicrobial, starch Hydrogen peroxide antimicrobial, tea Hydrogen peroxide antimicrobial, tobacco Calcium propionate; Sorbic acid antimicrobial, vegetables Nisin antimicrobial, wet salads MicroGARD® MG 300 antimicrobial, wine Hydrogen peroxide; Methylparaben; Potassium sorbate antimicrobial, wine vinegar Hydrogen peroxide antimold agent, food Imazalil; Potassium propionate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antimycotic agent FloAm® 500; Natamax® Gel; Natamax® SF; Natamax® Salt antimycotic agent, beverages Natamax® G antimycotic agent, cheeses Delvocid®; Natamax® antimycotic agent, dipping suspension: cheeseblock surface treatment Delvocid® XT antimycotic agent, dipping suspension: cheese surface treatment Delvocid® Dip antimycotic agent, dipping suspension: shredded cheeses Delvocid® XT antimycotic agent, dry fermented meats Premi®Nat antimycotic agent, dry fermented sausages Premi®Nat antimycotic agent, food Natamax® antimycotic agent, meat Natamax® antimycotic agent, migrating from food pkg. Calcium propionate; Methylparaben; Propylparaben; Sodium benzoate; Sodium propionate Sorbic acid antimycotic agent, packaged Cheddar cheese FloAm® 200C antimycotic agent, packaged Colby cheese FloAm® 200C antimycotic agent, packaged Monterey jack shredded cheese FloAm® 200 antimycotic agent, packaged Mozzarella shredded cheese FloAm® 200 antimycotic agent, packaged Muenster shredded cheese FloAm® 200 antimycotic agent, packaged shredded cheese FloAm® 200; FloAm® 200C; FloAm® 210 HC; FloAm® 221 antimycotic agent, shredded cheese FloAm® 500 CF; FloAm® 500 TF antimycotic agent, spray applics.: cheeseblock surface treatment Delvocid® XT

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antimycotic agent, spray applics.: shredded cheese Delvocid® XT antimycotic agent, spray applics.: shredded cheese surface treatment Delvocid® XT2 antimycotic agent, wine Natamax® G antioxidant Anhydrous Citric Acid; Bionature® Light Liquid Molasses; Covitol® 700; Covitol® 700 WD; Curafos® 11-2 Disodium EDTA; Lactoferrin; Potassium citrate antioxidant, alcoholic beverages Ethyl maltol antioxidant, animal fats Dilauryl thiodipropionate; Oxy’Less®.CS; Oxy’Less®.Clear; Oxy’Less®.Clear S; StabilEnhance® OSR Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, anti-adhesive emulsions Oxynex® L antioxidant, apples 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline antioxidant, baby prods. Sodium ascorbate antioxidant, baked goods Ethyl maltol; Lecithin; Phosphatidylcholine; Sodium erythorbate; Tenox® 4 Tenox® 8; Tenox® 20; Tenox® 20B; Tenox® 22; Tenox® A Tenox® R antioxidant, baked goods/mixes Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 6; Tenox® 7 antioxidant, bakery mixes Tenox® 4; Tenox® 25; Tenox® 26 antioxidant, bakery shortening Tenox® 4 antioxidant, bakery prods. Grindox™; Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB; Tenox® 25 Tenox® 26; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-ORed® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, bakery snack foods Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB antioxidant, baking powder Potassium phosphate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antioxidant, beef Sodium erythorbate antioxidant, beef patties t-Butyl hydroquinone antioxidant, beer Heptyl paraben; Sodium sulfite antioxidant, beet sugar BHA; BHT antioxidant, beverage mixes Tenox® 4B; Tenox® A; Tenox® BHA antioxidant, beverage powders Lecithin antioxidant, beverages Eribate®; Ethyl maltol; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) extract; Sodium erythorbate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, biscuits Antrancine® 220; Grindox™; Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, breaded shrimp Tenox® 4; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 8; Tenox® A antioxidant, breakfast cereals Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, brewing Erythorbic acid antioxidant, bulk oils Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB antioxidant, cake mixes Oxynex® LM antioxidant, candy Tenox® 4; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 7; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 25 antioxidant, caramel Potassium phosphate antioxidant, cereal Tenox® 4 antioxidant, cereals Dodecyl gallate; Grindox™; Octyl gallate; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 8 Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, cheese processing Potassium phosphate antioxidant, cheeses Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antioxidant, chewing gum Antrancine® 14; Antrancine® 25; Avox™ 2; Avox™ 6; Avox™ 7 Avox™ 8; Avox™ A; Avox™ BHA; Avox™ BHT; Avox™ Propyl Gallate Avox™ S-1; Avox™ S-2; BHA; BHT; Ethyl maltol Propyl gallate; Tenox® BHA; Tenox® BHT antioxidant, chips Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, chocolate candy Phosphatidylcholine antioxidant, citrus oils Tenox® 4B; Tenox® BHA antioxidant, cocoa powder Lecithin antioxidant, cod liver oil emulsions Sodium hypophosphite antioxidant, coffee whiteners Disodium citrate antioxidant, color preservation: chili powder 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline antioxidant, color preservation: ground chili 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline antioxidant, color preservation: paprika 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline antioxidant, condiments Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB antioxidant, confectionery Ethyl maltol; Nurupan™; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-ORed® 2% SG antioxidant, confectionery fatty filling Oxynex® AP antioxidant, cooked hams Guardian™ NR 250 antioxidant, cooked meats Vascan antioxidant, cooked sausages Guardian™ NR 250 antioxidant, cooked whole meats OxyVac™-S antioxidant, cookies Oxy’Less®.CS; Oxy’Less®.Clear; Oxy’Less®.Clear S; StabilEnhance® OSR; Tenox® 4 Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 25 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antioxidant, cooking oils Oxystearin antioxidant, corn processing Sulfur dioxide antioxidant, crackers Grindox™; Tenox® 4; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 6; Tenox® 7 Tenox® 8; Tenox® 25 antioxidant, cream cheeses Dodecyl gallate antioxidant, cultured buttermilk Disodium citrate antioxidant, cured meat Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, cured meat prods. Disodium citrate; Sodium erythorbate antioxidant, cured meats Eribate®; Sodium ascorbate antioxidant, cured sausages Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, dairy prods. Sodium ascorbate; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, dehydrated potato flakes Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, dessert mixes Tenox® 4B; Tenox® A; Tenox® BHA antioxidant, dietary supplements Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride; LCarnipure® ALC; Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB antioxidant, dips Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, divided meats OxyVac™-S antioxidant, dressings Antrancine® 55; Grindox™; Origanox™ OSLB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WSLB Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, dried meats t-Butyl hydroquinone; Isopropyl citrate antioxidant, dried soups Oxynex® L antioxidant, dry baked goods Nurupan™ 2128

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antioxidant, dry cereals t-Butyl hydroquinone antioxidant, dry preps. Calcium Ascorbate USP FCC antioxidant, edible fats t-Butyl hydroquinone; Tenox® 4; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 7; Tenox® 20A Tenox® 25; Tenox® BHT; Tenox® TBHQ antioxidant, edible fats/oils Evanstab® 18 antioxidant, edible oils Oxynex® AP antioxidant, edible oils/fats Dilauryl thiodipropionate antioxidant, edible oils: food Progallin® P antioxidant, egg white Glucose oxidase antioxidant, enriched rice Avox™ 8; Avox™ A; Avox™ BHA; Avox™ BHT antioxidant, enzymatic browning inhibition Snow Fresh® antioxidant, essential oils Oxynex® 2004; Oxynex® L; Oxynex® LM antioxidant, evaporated milk Disodium citrate antioxidant, fancy pastries Nurupan™ antioxidant, fat-containing foods Oxynex® L; Oxynex® LM antioxidant, fats Tocopherol; D-α-Tocopherol; DL-αTocopherol antioxidant, fats/oils Ascorbyl palmitate; BHA; BHT; Grindox™; Origanox™ OS-LB Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB; Propyl gallate; Sodium tartrate; Tenox® CA50 antioxidant, fats/oils: color stability Citric acid monohydrate antioxidant, fats/oils: essential oils Oxynex® K antioxidant, fats/oils: flavor stability Citric acid monohydrate antioxidant, fats/oils food Methyl gallate antioxidant, fats/oils: food Oxynex® K antioxidant, fatty food Dilauryl thiodipropionate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antioxidant, fermented malt beverages Heptyl paraben antioxidant, fish Eribate® antioxidant, fish oils Antrancine® 20 CH-P; Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB; Tenox® 20 Tenox® 20A; Tenox® S-1; Tenox® TBHQ antioxidant, fish prods. Tenox® 20; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® S-1; Tenox® TBHQ antioxidant, flavoring adjuvants Avox™ 4B antioxidant, flavors Oxy’Less®.CS; Oxy’Less®.Clear; Oxy’Less®.Clear S; Propyl gallate; StabilEnhance® OSR Tenox® 4B; Tenox® BHA antioxidant, food Anoxomer; Antrancine® 19; Antrancine® 52; Antrancine® 342 Plus; Ascorbic Acid USP, FCC L-Ascorbic acid; Ascorbyl stearate; Avox™ R; BHA; BHT t-Butyl hydroquinone; 3-t-Butyl-4hydroxyanisole; Calcium ascorbate; Calcium Ascorbate USP FCC; Calcium citrate Calcium disodium EDTA; Calcium hydrogen sulfite; Calcium isoascorbate; Calcium lactate; Calcium sulfite Carnosic acid; Citric acid; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract; Coated Ascorbic Acid, Type EC; Coffee (Coffea arabica) bean extract Covi-Ox® T-70; Covi-Ox® T-90; Cyanox® 1212; Dilauryl thiodipropionate; Dipotassium EDTA dihydrate Disodium citrate; Disodium EDTA; Distearyl thiodipropionate; Dodecyl gallate; Edetic acid Eisai Natural Vitamin E Series; EN PHOS 50; Erythorbic acid; 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro2,2,4-trimethylquinoline; Ethyl gallate Ethyl maltol; Eucalyptus globulus extract; Fruitrim®; Fumaric acid; Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract Glucose oxidase; Grindox™ Ascorbyl Palmitate; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) extract; Guardian®; Heptyl paraben

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference 4-Hexylresorcinol; 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-dit-butylphenol; Inositol-hexaphosphoric acid; Isopropyl citrate; Isopropyl citrate Lauryl/stearyl thiodipropionate; Lecithin; Metatartaric acid; Methyl-α-cyclodextrin; Methyl-β-cyclodextrin Methyl-γ-cyclodextrin; Monosodium tartrate; Naftonox® BHT; Naftonox® TMQ; Nipanox® BHT Nitrogen; Octyl gallate; Oryzanol; Oxyfos™; Oxystearin PG USP; Phosphatidylcholine; Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) extract; Potassium ascorbate; Potassium bisulfite Potassium isoascorbate; Potassium metabisulfite; Potassium phosphate; Potassium sulfite; Propylene glycol Propyl gallate; Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil; Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract; Sage (Salvia officinalis) extract; Sodium ascorbate Sodium Ascorbate USP, FCC; Sodium bisulfite; Sodium carbonate; Sodium erythorbate; Sodium hypophosphite Sodium metabisulfite; Sodium sulfite; Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate anhydrous; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate Soybean (Glycine soja) flour; Stannous chloride anhydrous; Stannous chloride dihydrate; Sucrose; Sulfur dioxide Tenox® 2; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 6; Tenox® 8; Tenox® 20 Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 20B; Tenox® 21; Tenox® 22; Tenox® 25 Tenox® 26; Tenox® A; Tenox® BHA; Tenox® BHT; Tenox® CA-30 Tenox® CA-50; Tenox® R; Tenox® S-1; Tenox® S-2; Tenox® TBHQ 3,3´-Thiodipropionic acid; Tocopherol; D-αTocopherol; DL-α-Tocopherol; Tocopheryl acetate d-α-Tocopheryl acetate; dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate; Tocopheryl succinate; Tomat-ORed® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG; 2,4,5Trihydroxybutyrophenone; Vitamin E Acetate Dry Powd. 50% DC/GFP; Vitamin E Acetate Dry Powd. SD 50; Vitamin E dlalpha Tocopheryl Acetate USP antioxidant, food fats Controx® VP Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antioxidant, food pkg. migration: food BHA; BHT; Carstab® DLTDP; Carstab® DSTDP; Cyanox® LTDP Cyanox® STDP; Dilauryl thiodipropionate; Distearyl thiodipropionate; Guaiac gum; Nordihydroguaiaretic acid Propyl gallate; Seenox DL; Seenox DS; 3,3´Thiodipropionic acid; 2,4,5Trihydroxybutyrophenone antioxidant, food processing Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB antioxidant, fresh pork Sodium erythorbate antioxidant, fresh whole muscle meats OxyVac™-S antioxidant, fried prods. Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB antioxidant, frozen raw breaded shrimp Avox™ 4; Avox™ 4B; Avox™ 8; Avox™ A; Avox™ BHA Avox™ BHT antioxidant, fruits Eribate® antioxidant, frying fats Controx® VP antioxidant, frying oils Antrancine® 220; Tenox® 20; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 20B; Tenox® 21 Tenox® TBHQ; Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, gelatin prods. Ascorbic Acid USP, FCC antioxidant, glass-packed asparagus Stannous chloride anhydrous antioxidant, grains Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, hard candy Ethyl maltol antioxidant, health care prods. Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB antioxidant, health foods Origanox™ WS antioxidant, heat-processed meat prods. Guardian™ NR 250 antioxidant, high fat food Oxyfos™ antioxidant, high-grade fats/oils Oxynex® L 2130

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antioxidant, high-grade vegetable fats Oxynex® LM antioxidant, hot dogs Guardian™ NR 250 antioxidant, ice cream Ethyl maltol antioxidant, inedible fats Tenox® 20 antioxidant, instant cake mixes Oxynex® L antioxidant, instant mashed potatoes Dodecyl gallate antioxidant, jams Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate antioxidant, jellies Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate antioxidant, lard Isopropyl citrate; Tenox® 4; Tenox® 25 antioxidant, liquid egg yolk Glucose oxidase antioxidant, liquid whole egg Glucose oxidase antioxidant, low-pH sauces Guardian™ NR 100 antioxidant, margarine Ascorbyl stearate; Avox™ 2; Avox™ 4B; Avox™ 6; Avox™ 7 Avox™ 8; Avox™ 20; Avox™ 20A; Avox™ 20B; Avox™ 21 Avox™ 22; Avox™ 25; Avox™ 26; Avox™ 27; Avox™ A Avox™ BHA; Avox™ BHT; Avox™ Propyl Gallate; Avox™ S-1; Avox™ S-2 t-Butyl hydroquinone; t-Butyl hydroquinone; Controx® VP; Disodium citrate; Dodecyl gallate Grindox™; Octyl gallate; Origanox™ OSLB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB Oxynex® AP; Oxynex® LM; Phosphatidylcholine; Tenox® 7; Tenox® 20A Tenox® 21; Tenox® 25; Tenox® TBHQ; Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant,margarine Avox™ 4 antioxidant, marinades Grindox™; Guardian™ NR 100

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antioxidant, mayonnaise Antrancine® 55; Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB; Oxy’Less®.CS Oxy’Less®.Clear; Oxy’Less®.Clear S; Oxynex® AP; Oxynex® LM; Phosphatidylcholine StabilEnhance® OSR; Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, meal replacements Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, meat Citric acid monohydrate; Eribate®; Ethyl maltol; Lem-O-Fos® 101 antioxidant, meat processing Potassium phosphate antioxidant, meat prods. Lecithin; Tenox® 4; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 6; Tenox® 7 Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 25 antioxidant, mineral oil Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 7 antioxidant, mixed nuts Avox™ 2; Avox™ 4; Avox™ 4B; Avox™ 6; Avox™ 7 Avox™ 8; Avox™ 20; Avox™ 20A; Avox™ 20B; Avox™ 21 Avox™ 22; Avox™ 25; Avox™ 26; Avox™ 27; Avox™ A Avox™ BHA; Avox™ BHT; Avox™ Propyl Gallate; Avox™ S-1; Avox™ S-2 antioxidant, natural: dietary supplements Decanox MTS-30P antioxidant, natural: food Decanox MTS-30P; Decanox MTS-50; Decanox MTS-70; Gallic acid; Rice (Oryza sativa) bran extract antioxidant, noncarbonated fruit drinks Heptyl paraben antioxidant, noncarbonated soft drinks Heptyl paraben antioxidant, nutritional bars Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, nuts Tenox® 4; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 8; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® BHA Tenox® BHT; Tenox® TBHQ; Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, oils/fats Dodecyl gallate; Octyl gallate 2131

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antioxidant, oleomargarine Isopropyl citrate; Lecithin antioxidant, pastas Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, pasteurized sauces Guardian™ NR 100 antioxidant, pasteurized soups Guardian™ NR 100 antioxidant, pears 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline antioxidant, pet foods Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB; Tenox® 2; Tenox® 6 Tenox® 7; Tenox® 20; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 22; Tenox® 26 Tenox® R; Tenox® S-1 antioxidant, pizza toppings t-Butyl hydroquinone antioxidant, pork Disodium citrate antioxidant, potato chips t-Butyl hydroquinone; Tenox® 20; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 20B antioxidant, potato flakes Oxy’Less®.CS; Oxy’Less®.Clear; Oxy’Less®.Clear S; StabilEnhance® OSR antioxidant, poultry t-Butyl hydroquinone; Disodium citrate; Lecithin; Lem-O-Fos® 101; NP-3 NP-4; NP-5; Sodium erythorbate; Tenox® 20; Tenox® 20B antioxidant, poultry fat Isopropyl citrate; Tenox® 7; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® PG; Tenox® S-1 Tenox® TBHQ antioxidant, poultry prods. Tenox® 6; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 26 antioxidant, powdered beverages Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, prepared meats Sodium ascorbate antioxidant, processed fish prods. Grindox™ antioxidant, processed meat prods. Grindox™; NP-3; NP-4; NP-5 antioxidant, puddings Ethyl maltol antioxidant, ramen noodles Oxyfos™ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antioxidant, release agents Controx® VP antioxidant retardant, fish Oleoresin rosemary antioxidant retardant, food Oleoresin rosemary antioxidant retardant, fried food Oleoresin rosemary antioxidant retardant, mayonnaise Oleoresin rosemary antioxidant retardant, sauces Oleoresin rosemary antioxidant retardant, snack foods Oleoresin rosemary antioxidant retardant, soups Oleoresin rosemary antioxidant, rice Tenox® 4; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 8; Tenox® A antioxidant, RTE foods Guardian™ NR 100 antioxidant, salad dressings Oxynex® AP antioxidant, salad oils Oxystearin antioxidant, salads Vascan antioxidant, salsa Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, sauces Origanox™ OS-LB; Origanox™ WS-CR; Origanox™ WS-LB; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG; Vascan antioxidant, sausages t-Butyl hydroquinone; Isopropyl citrate; Tenox® 4; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 6 Tenox® 7; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 25; Tenox® 26 antioxidant, seafood Citric acid monohydrate; Lem-O-Fos® 101; NP-3; NP-4; NP-5 Oxy’Less®.CS; Oxy’Less®.Clear; Oxy’Less®.Clear S; StabilEnhance® OSR antioxidant, sesame oil Sesamol antioxidant, shortening Antrancine® 220; Controx® VP; Isopropyl citrate; Lecithin; Oxynex® L Oxynex® LM; Tenox® 25

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antioxidant, snack foods Grindox™; Oxy’Less®.CS; Oxy’Less®.Clear; Oxy’Less®.Clear S; StabilEnhance® OSR Tenox® 7; Tenox® 20; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 20B; Tenox® 21 Tenox® 25; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-ORed® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG; Vascan antioxidant, soft drinks Glucose oxidase antioxidant, soups Ethyl maltol; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-ORed® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, spices Tenox® 4; Tenox® 6; Tenox® 7; Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 25 Tenox® 26 antioxidant, spray-dried flavors TIC Pretested® Arabic FT-1 Powder antioxidant, spreads Grindox™; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-ORed® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, surimi Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG antioxidant, syn. flavors Avox™ 4B antioxidant, table salt Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate antioxidant, thawing/cooking Nutrifos® 100 antioxidant, vegetable oils Antrancine® 220; t-Butyl hydroquinone; Controx® VP; Dilauryl thiodipropionate; Tenox® 20 Tenox® 20A; Tenox® 20B; Tenox® 21; Tenox® PG; Tenox® S-1 Tenox® TBHQ; Tocomix L50 IP; Tocomix L70 IP; Tocomix P30 IP antioxidant, vegetables Eribate® antioxidant, vitamins Tenox® 4; Tenox® 4B; Tenox® 8; Tenox® A; Tenox® BHA antioxidant, waxes Tenox® TBHQ antioxidant, wine Potassium sulfite; Sodium sulfite antioxidant, yeast Tenox® 4B; Tenox® BHA

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antioxidant, yeast defoamers BHA; BHT antiprecipitant, beverages AFC AS 920 antiprecipitant, canned drinks Ryoto Sugar Ester M-1695; Sucrose myristate antiprecipitant, cheese prods. AFC AS 920 antiprecipitant, confectionery AFC AS 920 antisedimentation agent, cold water-soluble food Metarin™ 436 antiseparation aid, fats/solids: premium fullfat ice creams CarraLizer™ C-1; CarraLizer™ C-2; CarraLizer™ C-3; CarraLizer™ C-4 antiseparation aid, fats/solids: sugar-free ice creams CarraLizer™ C-1; CarraLizer™ C-2; CarraLizer™ C-3; CarraLizer™ C-4 antispattering agent, cake mixes Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids antispattering agent, confectionery Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids antispattering agent, food Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids antispattering agent, margarine Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Leciprime™ 1500; Myverol® 18-04; Myverol® 18-07; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids antispattering agent, rendered animal fats Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids antispattering agent, whipped toppings Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids antistaling agent Admul CSL 2010; Admul SSL 1078; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290 Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170; Sucrose erucate antistaling agent, baked goods Glyceryl stearate; Myverol® SMG V; Novamyl™ 1500 MG; Novamyl™ L; Nutrilife® antistaling agent, baking applics. Agar; Blendmax 322; Crodatem L; Crodatem L; Liquamil-340 Liquamil-1200; Liquamil 7000 Concentrate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antistaling agent, breads Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Excel 122V Excel 200; Excel P-40S; Glyceryl mono shortening; Monofresh Super; Tally® 100 Plus antistaling agent, cakes Glyceryl mono shortening antistaling agent, cake shortenings Glyceryl stearate antistaling agent, chewing gum Emulgum™ antistaling agent, confectionery Agar antistaling agent, corn flour tortillas PenPlus® MG antistaling agent, dairy mixes Glyceryl mono shortening antistaling agent, desserts Glyceryl stearate antistaling agent, dough PenPlus® MG antistaling agent, fermented goods Monofresh Super antistaling agent, food Emulgum™; Glyceryl cottonseed oil; Glyceryl mono shortening; Glyceryl stearate; Prefera® SSL antistaling agent, fruits Glyceryl stearate antistaling agent, ice cream Glyceryl stearate antistaling agent, icings Glyceryl mono shortening antistaling agent, layer cake batters Cake STA antistaling agent, meat Agar antistaling agent, nuts Glyceryl stearate antistaling agent, pancake batters Cake STA antistaling agent, peanut butter Glyceryl stearate antistaling agent, pizza crusts PenPlus® MG antistaling agent, poultry Agar antistaling agent, prepared mixes Excel 122V; Excel 200; Excel P-40S Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antistaling agent, puddings Glyceryl stearate antistaling agent, rolls Monofresh Super antistaling agent, shortening Glyceryl mono shortening; Glyceryl stearate antistaling agent, waffle batters Cake STA antistaling agent, wheat flour tortillas PenPlus® MG antistaling agent, whipped toppings Glyceryl stearate antistaling agent, yeast-raised baked goods Prefera® SSL; Solec™ K; Tally® 100 Plus antistaling aid, doughnuts TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Lite Powder antistat, breads DREWMULSE® 200K antistat, candy DREWMULSE® 200K antistat, chewing gum bases DREWMULSE® 200K antistat, food DREWMULSE® 200K; Glyceryl dioleate SE; Glyceryl distearate; Glyceryl distearate SE; Glyceryl laurate SE Glyceryl oleate SE; Glyceryl ricinoleate SE; PEG-20 sorbitan tritallate; Propylene glycol laurate SE; Propylene glycol oleate Propylene glycol oleate SE; Propylene glycol ricinoleate; Propylene glycol ricinoleate SE; Propylene glycol stearate SE; Span® 60 Pharma Powder antistat, frozen desserts DREWMULSE® 200K antistat, margarine DREWMULSE® 200K antistat, peanut butter DREWMULSE® 200K antistat, toppings DREWMULSE® 200K antisticking agent Aldo® MCT KFG; Alphadim® 90SBK; Polyaldo® HGDS antisticking agent, baked goods Alcolec® 30-A; Glyceryl stearate antisticking agent, baking pans Bake-Well 52; Bake-Well 80/20 antisticking agent, biscuits Alcolec® HWS

2134

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antisticking agent, breads Glyceryl mono shortening; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antisticking agent, cakes Alcolec® 30-A; Glyceryl mono shortening antisticking agent, cake shortening Glyceryl stearate antisticking agent, candy Corn protein; Vege-Coat antisticking agent, caramels Aldo® MS KFG antisticking agent, cereals Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antisticking agent, cheeses Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antisticking agent, chewing gum Aldo® MS KFG; GMS 400V; Polyaldo® HGDS KFG antisticking agent, chewing gum bases Aldo® MS#2 Special KFG antisticking agent, cones Alcolec® HWS antisticking agent, confectionery Aldo® MS#2 Special KFG; Delios® antisticking agent, confectionery coatings Aldo® MCT Special KFG antisticking agent, confectionery Purity® FC antisticking agent, confectionery cutting surfaces Aldo® MSD KFG antisticking agent, conveyor belts Bake-Well 52; Bake-Well 80/20 antisticking agent, cookies Alcolec® 30-A; Alcolec® HWS antisticking agent, dairy mixes Glyceryl mono shortening antisticking agent, desserts Glyceryl stearate antisticking agent, dough skins Purity® FC antisticking agent, drink mixes Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antisticking agent, dry food mixes Purity® FC

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antisticking agent, food Castor (Ricinus communis) oil; Delios®; Dimodan® H SK-A; Dimodan® PV 300 Kosher; Glyceryl cottonseed oil Glyceryl mono shortening; Glyceryl stearate; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101 Tabulose® 102 antisticking agent, fruits Glyceryl stearate antisticking agent, hard candy Castor (Ricinus communis) oil antisticking agent, ice cream Glyceryl stearate antisticking agent, icings Glyceryl mono shortening antisticking agent, jelly babies Miglyol® 854; Miglyol® 855; Miglyol® 857; Miglyol® 860; Miglyol® 864 Miglyol® 866; Miglyol® 870 antisticking agent, licorice Corn protein; Miglyol® 854; Miglyol® 855; Miglyol® 857; Miglyol® 860 Miglyol® 864; Miglyol® 866; Miglyol® 870; Vege-Coat antisticking agent, molds Bake-Well 52; Bake-Well 80/20 antisticking agent, noodles Lamemul® K 2000-Range; Purity® FC; Ryoto Sugar Ester B-370; Ryoto Sugar Ester L-195; Ryoto Sugar Ester L-595 Ryoto Sugar Ester L-1695; Ryoto Sugar Ester M-1695; Ryoto Sugar Ester O-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570 Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-070; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670 Sucrose dilaurate; Sucrose distearate; Sucrose laurate; Sucrose polylaurate; Sucrose polylinoleate Sucrose polyoleate; Sucrose stearate; Sucrose tetrastearate triacetate; Sucrose tribehenate antisticking agent, nuts Glyceryl stearate

2135

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference antisticking agent, pasta Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Noopazyme; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antisticking agent, pastries Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antisticking agent, peanut butter Glyceryl stearate antisticking agent, pie crusts Alcolec® 30-A antisticking agent, puddings Glyceryl stearate antisticking agent, shortening Glyceryl mono shortening; Glyceryl stearate antisticking agent, short-time dough systems DC-203CX antisticking agent, snack foods Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 antisticking agent, sugar wafers Alcolec® HWS antisticking agent, sweets Miglyol® 854; Miglyol® 855; Miglyol® 857; Miglyol® 860; Miglyol® 864 Miglyol® 866; Miglyol® 870 antisticking agent, toffees Myverol® 18-04; Myverol® 18-07 antisticking agent, tortilla doughs DC-203CX antisticking agent, tortillas Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 500 antisticking agent, whipped toppings Glyceryl stearate antisticking agent, wine gums Miglyol® 854; Miglyol® 855; Miglyol® 857; Miglyol® 860; Miglyol® 864 Miglyol® 866; Miglyol® 870 antisticking agent, yeast buns Alcolec® 30-A antitackifier, corn flour tortillas PenPlus® MG antitackifier, dough PenPlus® MG antitackifier, food Act II 400 USP; Altalc 200 USP; Altalc 300 USP; Altalc 400 USP; Altalc 500 USP Synpro® Calcium Stearate Kosher Food Grade (LD); Synpro® Magnesium Stearate Food Grade (Kosher)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

antitackifier, icings TIC Pretested® Colloid 515M-T Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-B No Fat Powder antitackifier, pizza crusts PenPlus® MG antitackifier, tableting Altalc 500 USP antitackifier, wheat flour tortillas PenPlus® MG appearance control agent, colorant modifiers: food Oleoresin turmeric appearance control agent, colorants: food Oleoresin turmeric appearance control agent, food Crospovidone appearance enhancer, meat Aquagel MP™ appearance enhancer, poultry Curafos® Stabilcolor appearance enhancer, processed meat prods. Curafos® Optibind; Curafos® Stabilcolor; Curafos® Optibalance appearance enhancer, seafood prods. Curafos® Stabilcolor aroma additive, food Grapefruit oil terpenes aroma, breads 2X White Sour; White Sour aroma enhancer Curafos® 11-2 aroma enhancer, baked goods Mold-Out®; Sodium diacetate; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour aroma enhancer, banana Banana Essence - 1000 Fold Trobana® aroma enhancer, breads Mold-Out® aroma enhancer, cakes Mold-Out® aroma enhancer, doughnuts Mold-Out® aroma enhancer, final beverages DP 313; DP 325; DP 363 aroma enhancer, food Sodium diacetate aroma enhancer, meat prods. Sodium diacetate aroma enhancer, pita bread Mold-Out® aroma enhancer, pizza crusts Mold-Out® 2136

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference aroma enhancer, pumpkin Pumpkin Essence - 1000 Fold Trobana® aroma enhancer, rolls Mold-Out® aroma enhancer, spice preps. Sodium diacetate aroma enhancer, tortillas Mold-Out® aroma, food Ambergris; Grapefruit Terpenes; Maxavor® aroma, rolls 2X White Sour; White Sour aroma, specialty prods. 2X White Sour; White Sour aromatic, baked goods Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) aromatic, beverages Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) aromatic, candy Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) aromatic, condiments Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) aromatic, food Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) aromatic, ice cream Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) aromatic, meat Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) ascorbic acid source, multivitamin preps. Niacinamide ascorbate astringency suppressant, cranberry Acid Blocker - 1, Natural astringency suppressant, lemonade Acid Blocker - 1, Natural astringency suppressant, tea Acid Blocker - 1, Natural auxiliary, beverages Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100 auxiliary, cocoa bean processing Potassium carbonate auxiliary, compressed confectionery Trilaurin; Tripalmitin auxiliary, food Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 auxiliary, fruit drying Potassium carbonate auxiliary, protein hydrolysis Hydrochloric acid auxiliary, starch hydrolysis Hydrochloric acid

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

auxiliary, sucrose inversion Hydrochloric acid auxiliary, tobacco fermentation Potassium carbonate bacterial inhibitor, bakery prods. Nisaplin®; Nisaplin® BS bacterial inhibitor, beverages Nisaplin® bacterial inhibitor, dairy prods. Nisaplin® bacterial inhibitor, food Nisaplin® bacterial inhibitor, meat Nisaplin® bacterial inhibitor, nondairy foods Nisaplin® ND bactericide Chlorine dioxide bactericide, animal feed Potassium sorbate bactericide, apples Sodium o-phenylphenate bactericide, aq. foodstuffs Nipasept Sodium® bactericide, baked goods Potassium sorbate bactericide, beer Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben bactericide, beverages Potassium sorbate bactericide, breweries Didecyldimonium chloride bactericide, cakes Potassium sorbate bactericide, cheeses Potassium sorbate bactericide, cold sterilization: beverages Velcorin® bactericide, fish Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben; Potassium sorbate bactericide, flavors Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben bactericide, food Benzylparaben; Benzylparaben; Nipabutyl; Nipabutyl; Nipabutyl Sodium Nipabutyl Sodium; Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M; Nipagin M Sodium

2137

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Nipasol M; Nipasol M; Nipasol M Sodium; Nipasol M Sodium; Nipastat® Potassium butyl paraben; Potassium butyl paraben; Potassium ethylparaben; Potassium propylparaben; Potassium sorbate Sodium butylparaben; Sodium butylparaben; Sodium ethylparaben; Sodium methylparaben; Sodium ophenylphenate Sodium propylparaben bactericide, food processing Benzalkonium chloride; Didecyldimonium chloride; NKC-610 Benzalkonium Chloride; Peracetic acid bactericide, fresh salads Potassium sorbate bactericide, fruit juices Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben; Potassium sorbate bactericide, margarine Potassium sorbate bactericide, pickled goods Potassium sorbate bactericide, pickles Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben bactericide, salad dressings Potassium sorbate bactericide, sauces Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben bactericide, soft drinks Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium bactericide, vegetable extracts Nipastat® bactericide, whole citrus fruit Preventol® O Extra Flakes; Preventol® ON Extra Flakes bactericide, wine Potassium sorbate bactericide, yogurt Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium bacteriostat Nisaplin®; Nisaplin® ND bacteriostat, confectionery MicroGARD® MG 300 bacteriostat, dessert cups MicroGARD® MG 300 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bacteriostat, direct food contact Oxine®; ProOxine® bacteriostat, food MicroGARD® MG 300; Skim milk bacteriostat, food processing Oxine®; ProOxine® bacteriostat, fresh salsas MicroGARD® MG 300 bacteriostat, functional beverages Lactoferrin bacteriostat, functional foods Lactoferrin bacteriostat, health supplements Lactoferrin bacteriostat, infant formulas Lactoferrin bacteriostat, pasta/pizza sauces MicroGARD® MG 300 bacteriostat, refrigerated salad dressings MicroGARD® MG 300 bacteriostat, soups MicroGARD® MG 300 bacteriostat, wet salads MicroGARD® MG 300 baking additive, crisp breads Emulfluid® E baking additive, liquid sour doughs Emulfluid® E barrier aid, confectionery Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Tapioca dextrin barrier, fat Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose barrier, panned confectionery Crystal Tex™ 627 barrier, sugar-coated confectionery Mastercote FP 9072 base, chewing gum A-C® 6; A-C® 6A; A-C® 7; A-C® 7A; A-C® 8 A-C® 8A; A-C® 9; A-C® 9A; A-C® 9CF; AC® 9F A-C® 16A; A-C® 617G; A-C® 715; A-C® 735; A-C® 810A A-C® 820A; A-C® 1702; Acetylated monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Altalc 200 USP; Astor™ OK 6080 Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea); Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis); Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) oil; Bareco® C-1035; Bareco® C-4040 Bareco® PX-100; Bareco® SP-200; Bayer Butyl 101-3; Beeswax; Be Square® 185 2138

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Be Square® 195; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Candelilla synthetic; Candelilla Wax SP 24A; Candelilla Wax SP 50 Candelilla Wax SP 75; Candelilla Wax SP 78 Prime Quality Crude; Candelilla Wax SP 99; Candelilla Wax SP 350; Candelilla Wax SP 803 Candelilla Wax Fine; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) butter; Copal resin; Dimethicone Ester gum; Gelatin; Guaiac gum; Gum benzoin; Hodag® FD-62 K Hodag® FD-82K; Kelp; Koster Keunen Candelilla; Koster Keunen Microcrystalline Waxes; Koster Keunen Paraffin Wax Lard; Mekon® White; Methyl acetyl ricinoleate; Methyl hydrogenated rosinate; Multiwax® 180-W Multiwax® ML-445; Multiwax® W-445; Multiwax® W-835; Olibanum; Ozonox 47316 Prills Perillo; Piccolyte® S115; Polyethylene wax; Polywax® 500; Polywax® 655 PPG-33 butyl ether; Resinall 622; Ross Candelilla Wax; Ross Wax #100; SC-5050 SC-5051; Shellac; Simethicone; Sodium sulfate decahydrate; Starwax® 100 Struktol® TR 065; Tallow; Ultraflex®; Victory® base, fat: dip coatings Dynacet® 211P; Dynacet® 212P; Imwitor® 325; Imwitor® 440; Imwitor® 460 Soybean oil glycerides base, flavors: crackers Engevita® Bland; Engevita® Fortified B; Engevita® Toasted base, flavors: health foods Engevita® Bland; Engevita® Fortified B; Engevita® Toasted base, flavors: seasonings Engevita® Bland; Engevita® Fortified B; Engevita® Toasted base, food Penreco Snow; Penreco Ultima base, food processing Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400 base, fruit/vegetable coatings Penreco Snow; Penreco Ultima base, instant toppings: Aerion BV 50; Aerion DP 40; Aerion DP 41

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

base, instant toppings: bavaroise Aerion BV 50; Aerion DP 40 base, instant toppings: cake fillings Aerion BV 50; Aerion DP 40; Aerion DP 41; Aerion DP 73 base, instant toppings: cheese cake fillings Aerion DP 73 base, instant toppings: chocolate mousses Aerion BV 50; Aerion DP 40 base, instant toppings: decoration creams Aerion BV 50; Aerion DP 40; Aerion DP 41; Aerion DP 73 base, instant toppings: instant ice cream Aerion BV 50; Aerion DP 40; Aerion DP 41; Aerion DP 73 base, instant toppings: milk shakes Aerion BV 50; Aerion DP 40; Aerion DP 41; Aerion DP 73 base, instant toppings: mousses Aerion BV 50; Aerion DP 40; Aerion DP 41; Aerion DP 73 base, instant toppings: neutral ready-to-eat desserts Aerion BV 50; Aerion DP 40 base, instant toppings: vegetarian prods. Aerion DP 73 base, instant toppings: yogurt fillings Aerion DP 73 base, instant toppings: yogurt mousses Aerion DP 73 base, instant whipping: cake fillings DP 40 base, instant whipping: cheesecakes DP 40 base, instant whipping: ice cream DP 40 base, instant whipping: mousses DP 40 base, instant whipping: ready-to-eat desserts DP 40 base, instant whipping: toppings DP 40 base, medicated chewing gum Maltitol base, medicated hard-boiled candies Isomalt; Maltitol base, natural: chewing gum Gutta percha; Jojoba wax; Ozokerite base, pan release compds. Delios® base, preprint: sugar-coated confectionery Mastercote FP 9072 2139

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference base, savoury prods. Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 base, shortening: cakes Crystal Ace PL-300L base, soy sauce Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 beverages Dittany of Crete binder ADM Clintose CR 24; Aqualon® 7HF; Benecel® M 043; Benecel® MP 824; Emersol® 6333 Potassium caseinate; Potassium oleate; PROVIgel® EXG 01; Sodium metaphosphate; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Pre-Hydrated® binder, aerated cream fillings Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030 binder, aq. foods Novation® 1600 binder, Asian noodles PenCling® 205 binder, baby foods Gluconolactone; PenCook® 30; PenCook® 37; Remy FG-P; Remygel 14-552 Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AXP binder, baked goods Edicol®; Gluconolactone; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered Methylcellulose; Xanthan gum binder, bakery emulsions Ticaxan® Regular binder, bakery fillings GD 2910 binder, bakery gels TIC Pretested® Colloid 600 Powder binder, bakery glazes/icings TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 795 Powder binder, bakery mixes Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch; PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12643; StabiTexInstant™ 12620 StabiTex-Instant™ 12625; Star-Dri® 1 binder, bakery prods. Farinex WM 55; HMP-26; Meritol 160; Mineral oil; Mineral oil Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, bakery toppings Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium binder, baking powder Remy FG binder, batter: deep-fat frying Aqualon® 9M8F binder, batter mixes Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; StabiTexInstant™ 12625 binder, batters PenCling® 205; Star-Dri® 10 binder, batters: deep frying Aqualon® 9M31XF binder, batter systems: breaded/deep-fried foods Midsol™ Adhere Plus binder, beef Whey, dry; Whey, reduced lactose binder, beer foam stabilization Polyclar® BV; Polyclar® Ultra Fine binder, beet sugar Mineral oil binder, beverage emulsions TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder binder, beverage mixes Star-Dri® 15 binder, beverages Edicol®; Globe® Corn Syrup Solids; Gum ghatti; Maltrin® M250; MD 1210 MD 1225; Xanthan gum binder, biscuits GD 2910; GD 3910; GD 3910; Remy DR binder, bologna Hydrolyzed milk protein; Pure-Set® B950 binder, breading compds. Paygel® 290/295 binder, breading Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch binder, butter Starch sodium octenyl succinate 2140

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, cake bakery PolarTex-Instant 12643 binder, cake mixes Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Cargill TexInstant™ 12604; Gum ghatti; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 Maltrin® M200; PolarTex-Instant 12640; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620; StabiTexInstant™ 12625; Ticaxan® Regular binder, cakes Benecel® MP 843; Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch; GD 2910; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder binder, calorie-reduced foods Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel HS 73 binder, candy Arabinogalactan; Magnesium stearate; Rice (Oryza sativa) starch binder, canned chili Paygel® 290/295 binder, canned fish Novation® 1600 binder, canned foods Edicol®; Gluconolactone binder, canned meats Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin binder, canned pet foods Methocel® K100LV Premium binder, canned vegetables Novation® 1600 binder, cereal bars Bar ENRICH™ 040; GD 2910; Raisin juice concentrate binder, cereals Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch binder, cheeses Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin; Edicol®; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder binder, cheese sauces PolarTex-Instant 12640 binder, chewable candies GD 2910 binder, chewing gum Remy FG binder, chicken marinades PenCook® 37 binder, chili Xanthan gum binder, chili con carne Whey, dry; Whey, reduced lactose

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, chocolate Rice (Oryza sativa) starch binder, chocolate filling Remy DR binder, chutneys PROVImel® DN 10 binder, citrus powders Maltrin® M250 binder, clear coat batters: meat PenCrisp® 905 binder, clear coat batters: meat analog PenCrisp® 905 binder, clear coat batters: poultry PenCrisp® 905 binder, clear coat batters: vegetables PenCrisp® 905 binder, coatings PenCook® 30; PenCook® 37 binder, cocoa beverages Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered binder, coffee creamers GD 2910; MD 1210; MD 1225; MD 1710; MD 1910 binder, coffee whiteners Maltrin® M200; Maltrin® M250 binder, cold processing Meyprodyn 200® binder, color: water ices Cremodan® DC binder, comminuted meat prods. Accoline-Mix binder, compressed confectionery Dynasan® 114; Trimyristin binder, confectionery Dextrin; GD 3910; GD 3910; Gum ghatti; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; MD 1210; MD 1225; Meritena 100 Meritol 160; Methoxyethanol; Mineral oil; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; Pure-Set® B950; Remy CA; Remy DR; Star-Dri® 15 2141

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic PreHydrated®; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaloid® 210 S Powder; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. binder, confectionery coatings TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 795 Powder binder, confectionery molding Remy FG binder, cooked meats Firm-Tex® binder, cooked sausages Accoline-Mix binder, cooked structured food Mira-Cleer® 340 binder, cookie mixes Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Maltrin® M200 binder, cottage cheeses OptaGrade®; OptaMist® binder, cream cheese OptaGrade®; OptaMist® binder, cream fillings Farinex WM 55 binder, cured meats Gluconolactone binder, custard fillings PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12643 binder, custards Remy DR binder, dairy desserts PenCook® 37; Star-Dri® 5; Star-Dri® 10; Star-Dri® 15; Star-Dri® 18 binder, dairy prods. Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin; Gluconolactone; Kelcogel® LT; OptaGrade® OptaMist®; PenCook® 30; Rice (Oryza sativa) starch; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder binder, dairy spreads MD 1710; MD 1910 binder, dehydrated foods Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 binder, delicatessen PROVImel® DN 12; PROVImel® DN 15 binder, deli meats PenBind® 100 binder, dessert gels Kelcogel® LT binder, dessert mixes Gluconolactone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, desserts Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; PenCook® 30; Tylopur® C 1000 P2; Xanthan gum binder, dietetic beverages Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered binder, dietetic prods. Methocel® K15M Premium binder, diet jelly Benecel® MP 843 binder, dips Binasol™ 15 binder, donuts Benecel® MP 843; Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch; Paygel® 290/295; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder binder, dough pastel applics. Meritena 141 binder, dough Gempolym; Instant X-Pand'R® binder, doughs: bakery prods. X-Pand'R® 612 binder, doughs: snacks X-Pand'R® 612 binder, dressings Kelcogel® LT; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder binder, dried eggs Maltrin® M250 binder, dry mix beverages Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 binder, dry mixes Binasol™ 15; Maltrin® M250; Maltrin® M510; Novation® 9560; Star-Dri® 1005A Star-Dri® 1015A; Ticaxan® Regular binder, dry-mix sauces Novation® 6600 binder, dry-mix soups Novation® 6600 binder, dry sausages EM 12; EM 14 binder, dry vitamin preps. Aqualon® N-7; Aqualon® N-10; Aqualon® N-14; Aqualon® N-22; Aqualon® N-50 Aqualon® N-100; Ethocel™ Standard 4 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium

2142

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium binder, egg custard Tylopur® C 1000 P2 binder, emulsion meat prods. Lake States Autolyzed Type P binder, enteral nutrition MD 1710 binder, essential oils Arabinogalactan binder, extruded onion rings Methocel® K100M Premium binder, extruded seafood prods. Methocel® E4M Premium EP; Methocel® K4M Premium binder, extruded snacks MD 1910; PenCook® 30; Remy DR binder, fabricated potato prods. Novation® 1600; Textaid®-A binder, fat: baby foods Pisane®; Pisane® binder, fat: biscuits Pisane®; Pisane® binder, fat creams Starch sodium octenyl succinate binder, fat: desserts Pisane®; Pisane® binder, fat: dietary foods Pisane®; Pisane® binder, fat: fish prods. Pisane®; Pisane® binder, fat: food Promax® 70; Promax® 70L binder, fat: ground meat prods. Vascomix 404 binder, fat: health foods Pisane®; Pisane® binder, fat: meat balls Vascomix 404 binder, fat: meat patties Vascomix 404 binder, fat: meat prods. Pisane®; Pisane® binder, fat: pastries Pisane®; Pisane® binder, fat: prepared dishes Pisane®; Pisane® binder, fat: prepared meats Pea fiber binder, fat-reduced foods Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel HS 73 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, fats Chitosan binder, fat: sauces Pisane®; Pisane® binder, fat: soups Pisane®; Pisane® binder, feeds Edicol® binder, fermented sausages EM 12; EM 14 binder, fine-cuisine salads PROVImel® DN 10 binder, fish burgers Novation® 6600 binder, fish prods. Gluconolactone; HMP-26 binder, flavor bases Arabinogalactan binder, flavored syrups Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 binder, flavor oils Gum ghatti binder, flavor oils: beverage dry mixes Encapsul® 855 binder, flavor oils: cake dry mixes Encapsul® 855 binder, flavor oils: dry mixes Encapsul® 855 binder, flavor oils: pudding dry mixes Encapsul® 855 binder, flavors TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. binder, flavors: bakery prods. Dry-Tack® 250 binder, flavors: cereals Dry-Tack® 250 binder, flavors: low-moisture foods Dry-Tack® 250 binder, flavors: snack foods Dry-Tack® 250 binder, flavor syrups Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; 2143

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium binder, flour-based mixes Paygel® 290/295 binder, fondants Binasol™ 15; Maltrin® M200 binder, food Acetylated distarch adipate; Acetylated distarch phosphate; ADM Clintose® CR 10; ADM Clintose® CR 15; ADM Clintose® CR 18 Albumin macro aggregates; Alginic acid; Aluminum caprate; Aluminum caprylate; Aluminum distearate Aluminum laurate; Aluminum myristate; Aluminum myristates/palmitates; Aluminum palmitate; Aluminum tristearate Arabinogalactan; Autolyzed yeast; Benecel® Methylcellulose; Benecel® MP 843; Britol® 6NF Britol® 7NF; Britol® 9NF; Britol® 20USP; Britol® 35USP; Britol® 50USP Calcium caprate; Calcium caprylate; Calcium laurate; Calcium myristate; Calcium oleate Calcium palmitate; Calcium stearate; Calcium Stearate 2307-G; Canola acid; Capric acid Caprylic/capric acid; Carboxymethylcellulose sodium; Carboxymethylmethylcellulose; CarraBind™ Series; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Cekol® 30; Cekol 150; Cekol® 300; Cekol® 500 T; Cekol® 700 Cekol® 2000; Cekol® 2000S; Cekol® 4000; Cekol® 10000; Cekol® 10000 I Cekol® 30000; Cekol® 50000; Cekol® 100000; Cellulose; Citation™ 55 Citation™ 55S; Citation™ 100; Citation™ 130; Citation™ 150; Citation™ 210 Citation™ 280; Citation™ 350; Citation™ 550; CMC Daicel; Croscarmellose sodium Dextrin; Distarch phosphate; Drakeol® 10; Drakeol® 10B; Drakeol® 13 Drakeol® 15; Drakeol® 19; Drakeol® 21; Drakeol® 34; Drakeol® 35 Drakeol® 350; Drakeol® 32; Draketex 50; Egg White Solids Type P-110; Emersol® 6313 NF Emersol® 6320; Emersol® 6321; Emersol® 6332; Emersol® 6349; Emersol® 7036 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ervol®; Ethocel™ Standard 7 FP Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium; Ethylcellulose; Food starch, modified Fruitrim®; Gluconolactone; Glycon® CAN KFG; Glycon® CLK KFG; Glycon® O75 KFG Glycon® S-65 T; Glycon® S-70 KFG; Glycon® S-90 KFG; Glycon® SFA KFG; Glycon® TP KFG Gum ghatti; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; HMP-26; Hydrobrite® 300PO; Hydrogenated stearic acid Hydrogenated tallow acid; Hydrolyzed casein; Hydrolyzed milk protein; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Hydroxypropyl starch; Hystrene® 5016 NF FG; Hystrene® 7018 FG; Hystrene® 9718 NF FG; Industrene® 226 FG K Industrene® 5016 NF; Industrene® 7018 FG; K4484; Kaydol®; Kelcogel® LT KELTOSE®; Maco-O-Line 091; Magnesium caprate; Magnesium caprylate; Magnesium laurate Magnesium myristate; Magnesium oleate; Magnesium palmitate; Magnesium stearate; Maltrin® M150 Maltrin® M180; Maltrin® M200; Maltrin® M250; Maltrin® M510; Maltrin® QD M440 Maltrin® QD M500; Maltrin® QD M550; Maltrin® QD M580; Maltrin® QD M600; Methocel® 310 Series Methocel® E4M Premium EP; Methocel® E6 Premium; Methocel® E15LV; Methocel® E15LV Premium; Methocel® J5MS Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100M Premium; Methoxyethanol Methylcellulose; Meyprodyn 200®; Microcrystalline cellulose; Mineral oil; Oleic acid Palmitic acid; Paygel® 290/295; Phosphated distarch phosphate; PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12643 Potassium caprate; Potassium caprylate; Potassium laurate; Potassium metaphosphate; Potassium myristate 2144

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Potassium palmitate; Potassium stearate; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium PROVIgel® DPG 1; PROVIgel® DPG 3; PROVIgel® DPG 5; PROVIgel® DPG 7; PROVIgel® DPG 9 PROVIgel® DPG 11; PROVIgel® EXG 05; PROVIgel® EXG 10; PROVIgel® EXG 20; PROVIgel® EXG 40 PROVIgel® TSS; Pure-Dent® B810 NF; Pure-Dent® B812 USP; Pure-Dent® B815 NF; Pure-Dent® B816 USP Pure-Dent® B880 NF; Pure-Dent® B890 NF; Remy CA; Remy DR; Rennet Rudol®; Sodium caprate; Sodium caprylate; Sodium caseinate; Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P Sodium laurate; Sodium metaphosphate; Sodium myristate; Sodium oleate; Sodium palmitate Sodium stearate; Solka-Floc®; Solka-Floc® 20 FCC; Solka-Floc® 200 FCC; Solka-Floc® 300 FCC Solka-Floc® 900 FCC; Sol-U-Tein EA; Soy acid; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620 StabiTex-Instant™ 12625; Starch acetate; Starch, bleached; Starch, oxidized; Starch phosphate Starch, pregelatinized; Starch sodium octenyl succinate; Tallow acid; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic Pre-Hydrated® TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum; Tylopur® C 300 P2; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch; Whey, dry; Xanthan gum binder, food batters Kelvis®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, food processing Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400 binder, food specialties Remy FG-P; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P binder, food tablets PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9; PEG-10 PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20; PEG-32 PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG-150; PEG180 Polyethylene glycol binder, formed/extruded bars BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 28DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 28DE binder, formed rolls/roasts Lem-O-Fos® 101 binder, frankfurters Gluconolactone; Pure-Set® B950 binder, French fry dips Methocel® E15 Food Grade binder, fresh fruit fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; StabiTexInstant™ 12625 binder, fresh poultry PenBind® 100 binder, frostings Benecel® MP 843; Kelcogel® IF; Star-Dri® 5 binder, frozen dairy desserts HMP-26; Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P binder, frozen desserts Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Maltrin® M200; Maltrin® M250 binder, frozen egg prods. Maltrin® M200 binder, frozen foods GD 2910; GD 3910; GD 3910; MD 1210; MD 1225 PROVImel® DN 15; Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AX-P; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder binder, frozen fruit fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; StabiTexInstant™ 12625 binder, frozen meats Mineral oil

2145

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, frozen pie fillings Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered binder, frozen spaghetti Soybean (Glycine soja) protein binder, frozen vegetables with cream sauces Remy DR binder, fruit Mineral oil binder, fruit beverages Ticaxan® Regular binder, fruit drinks Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered binder, fruit fillings Binasol™ 15; KELTOSE®; StabiTexInstant™ 12620 binder, fruit pie fillings Methylcellulose binder, fruit preps. Remygel 663 binder, functional foods TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. binder, Genoa salami Gluconolactone binder, glazes GD 2910; GD 3910; Gum ghatti; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Kelcogel® IF Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Maltrin® M200 binder, grains Mineral oil binder, granola/bar prods. BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 42DE binder, granulation: food Methocel® A4C Premium binder, gravies Methocel® K15M Premium; Novation® 9560; Paygel® 290/295; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620; Star-Dri® 1005A TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder; Tylopur® C 10000 P2; Xanthan gum binder, gravy mixes Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Cargill TexInstant™ 12604; PolarTex-Instant 12640; StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 binder, growing children foods Starch sodium octenyl succinate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, gum Magnesium stearate; Methoxyethanol binder, gum candies Pure-Set® B950 binder, ham Cargill Dry GL™ 01920; PenBind® 100 binder, health drinks CMP-GP; CMP-I® binder, health food Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P binder, health foods PenCook® 37; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins binder, heat-treated comminuted meat prods. Accoline binder, ice cream Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; PenCook® 37; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder Tylopur® C 6000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 binder, ice cream cones Methocel® K4M Premium binder, icing powders Maltrin® M200 binder, icings GD 2910; GD 3910; GD 3910; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV) Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Kelcogel® IF; KELTOSE®; Methocel® K4M Premium binder, imitation cheeses HMP-26; Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P binder, imitation dairy prods. Maltrin® M250 binder, imitation sausages Albumin macro aggregates binder, impurities: beers Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 binder, impurities: fruit juices Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 binder, impurities: vinegar Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 binder, impurities: wines Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100

2146

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, infant foods GD 3910; GD 3910 binder, infant milk substitute MD 1710 binder, infant weaning foods Starch sodium octenyl succinate binder, inj. brines Maco-O-Line 091 binder, instant desserts Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Farinex WM 55 binder, instant foods Remy FG-P binder, instant mixes: beverages MD 1910 binder, instant mixes: sauces/soups MD 1910 binder, instant mixes: slimming prods. MD 1910 binder, instant mixes: sports drinks MD 1910 binder, instant pie fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 binder, instant puddings Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Cargill TexInstant™ 12604; PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12643; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620 StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 binder, instant soups TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder binder, jams Xanthan gum binder, jellies Pure-Set® B950 binder, juices Nutriloid® Gum Arabic binder, ketchup PROVImel® DN 15; Tylopur® C 1000 P2 binder, low-fat butter Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P binder, low-fat margarine Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P binder, low/nonfat food TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaloid® 210 S Powder Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, mayonnaise Tylopur® C 1000 P2 binder, meat Aquagel MP™; Egg White Solids Type P-39; Novation® 6600; TIC Pretested® Colloid Bind I-96 Powder binder, meat analogs Coyote Stabilizer VPB-1; TIC Pretested® Colloid Bind I-96 Powder binder, meatballs Soybean (Glycine soja) protein binder, meat patties Binasol™ 81 binder, meat /poultry prods. CarraBind™ Series binder, meat/poultry/seafood batters Methocel® E15 Food Grade binder, meat processing Rice (Oryza sativa) starch binder, meat prods. Cargill Dry GL™ 01920; HMP-26; Meatbind®-3000; SQ®-48 binder, meat sauces Paygel® 290/295 binder, meat systems Maltrin® M200 binder, medical/diet prods. CMP-GP; CMP-I® binder, meringue powders Maltrin® M200 binder, meringues KELTOSE® binder, milk-based beverages TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder binder, milk prods. Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Xanthan gum binder, milk shakes Nutriloid® Gum Arabic binder, mint Magnesium stearate binder, moisture Marine Colloids™ Carrageenan binder, moisture: baked goods Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405

2147

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085; Maltrin® M040 binder, moisture: beverages Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 binder, moisture: cheese prods. Maltrin® M040 binder, moisture: cream fillings Soft-Set® binder, moisture: dairy prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 binder, moisture: deep-frozen prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 binder, moisture: food Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, moisture: fried prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 binder, moisture: frostings Soft-Set® binder, moisture: frozen desserts Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 binder, moisture: fruit fillings FruitSavr®; FruitSavr® binder, moisture: fruits FruitSavr® binder, moisture: ice cream Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 binder, moisture: icing TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-B No Fat Powder binder, moisture: instant desserts Soft-Set® binder, moisture: jams FruitSavr® binder, moisture: jellies FruitSavr® binder, moisture: meat treatment Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate binder, moisture: microwave foods Soft-Set® 2148

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, moisture: processed meats Maltrin® M040 binder, moisture: salad dressings Soft-Set® binder, moisture: sauces Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 binder, mositure: icing TIC Pretested® Colloid 515M-T Powder binder, mousses Benecel® MP 843; Methocel® K100LV Premium binder, muffins Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch; PolarTex-Instant 12643 binder, mushroom marinades PenCook® 37 binder, natural cheeses OptaGrade®; OptaMist® binder, neutral/highly acidic food Binasol™ 15 binder, nonnutritive sweeteners Arabinogalactan binder, nonstandardized dressings Arabinogalactan binder, noodles Kelnoodlizer®; Kelvis®; TIC Pretested® Colloid Bind I-96 Powder binder, nut coatings Maltrin® M200 binder, nutritional bars TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder binder, nutritional beverages Star-Dri® 1005A; Star-Dri® 1015A binder, nutritional prods. HCA-411; HLA-198; Hydrolyzed casein; Hydrolyzed milk protein; Hydrolyzed whey protein binder, oil-containing sauces PROVImel® DN 11 binder, oils Hydroxypropylcellulose binder, oils: beverages JustFiber® WWF200 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, oils: breads Citri-Fi® 100 binder, oils: buns Citri-Fi® 100 binder, oils: burrito fillings Citri-Fi® 200 binder, oils: cakes Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200 binder, oils: chips Citri-Fi® 100 binder, oils: cookies Citri-Fi® 100 binder, oils: corn dogs Citri-Fi® 200 binder, oils: food systems JustFiber® WWF10; JustFiber® WWF40; JustFiber® WWF200; JustFiber® WWF300; Solka-Floc® 40 NF binder, oils: fried chicken dogs Citri-Fi® 200 binder, oils: Italian meatballs Citri-Fi® 200 binder, oils: Italian sausages Citri-Fi® 100 binder, oils: nutritional bars Citri-Fi® 100 binder, oils: pastries Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200 binder, oils: pies Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200 binder, oils: pizza crust Citri-Fi® 100 binder, oils: rolls Citri-Fi® 100 binder, oils: sauce/salad fillings Citri-Fi® 200 binder, oils: sausages Citri-Fi® 200 binder, oils: tortillas Citri-Fi® 100 binder, organic food TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. binder, o/w emulsions Granular Gum Ghatti #1; Powdered Gum Ghatti #1 binder, particulates: bakery prods. Dry-Tack® 250 binder, particulates: cereals Dry-Tack® 250 binder, particulates: low-moisture foods Dry-Tack® 250 2149

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, particulates: snacks Dry-Tack® 250 binder, pasta Dextrin binder, pasteurized prods. Novation® 1600 binder, peanut butter Maltrin® M250 binder, pelletized foods Edigel® 100 Powder Wheat Starch binder, pet foods Methocel® K15M Premium; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder binder, pickles Mineral oil binder, pie fillings Benecel® MP 874; PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12643; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620; StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 Ticaxan® Regular binder, pizza dough Dextrin binder, potatoes Mineral oil binder, potato prods. Novation® 6600 binder, poultry Curafos® Stabilcolor; Methoxyethanol; NP3; NP-4; NP-5 Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Whey, dry binder, powdered/liquid drinks Nutriloid® Gum Arabic binder, predusts PenCling® 205 binder, prepared foods Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200 Meritena 290 binder, preserves Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P binder, processed cheeses Gluconolactone; OptaGrade®; OptaMist® binder, processed foods PROVImel® DN 15 binder, processed meat prods. Curafos® Stabilcolor; Novation® 1600; NP3; NP-4; NP-5

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PenBind® 100; PenCook® 37; Tapioca syrup; TIC Pretested® Ticagel® ME 100 binder, processed poultry PenBind® 100 binder, protein Chitosan; PenCook® 30 binder, protein: beer Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 binder, protein: bologna Curavis® 250 binder, protein: cooked sausages Curavis® 250 binder, protein: franks Curavis® 250 binder, protein: fruit juices Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 binder, protein: knockwurst Curavis® 250 binder, protein: sausages Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids binder, protein: Vienna sausages Curavis® 250 binder, protein: vinegar Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 binder, protein: wines Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 binder, pudding mixes Arabinogalactan binder, puddings PolarTex-Instant 12643 binder, puffed snacks PenCook® 37 binder, pulpy textures Binasol™ 15; Binasol™ 81 binder, quick breads PolarTex-Instant 12643 binder, ready-made meals PROVImel® DN 11; PROVImel® DN 14 binder, ready-to-serve meals PROVImel® DN 10 binder, recycled tobacco processing Cekol® 10000; Cekol® 30000 binder, reduced-calorie foods Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel WFG HS 73 binder, reduced-fat foods Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel WFG HS 73

2150

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, reduced-fat spreads Kelcogel® LT binder, refrigerated dough Ticaxan® Regular binder, relishes Binasol™ 15; Binasol™ 81; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered Ticaxan® Regular binder, restructured foods Binasol™ 15 binder, salad creams PROVImel® DN 10 binder, salad dressings Edicol®; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G1 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; PROVImel® DN 14; Remygel 14-552 Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AXP Ticaxan® Regular; Tylopur® C 300 P2; Xanthan gum binder, salad mayonnaises PROVImel® DN 10 binder, salads Gluconolactone binder, salami Hydrolyzed milk protein binder, sauce mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01920; Cargill GelInstant™ 12030; Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; PolarTex-Instant 12640; StabiTexInstant™ 12625 binder, sauces Binasol™ 81; GD 2210; Gluconolactone; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Hydrolyzed milk protein

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Kelcogel® LT; Kelvis®; Novation® 9560; Nutriloid® Gum Arabic; PolarTex-Instant 12643 Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G1 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; PROVImel® DN 10; PROVImel® DN 11 PROVImel® DN 12; PROVImel® DN 14; PROVImel® DN 15; Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AX-P; StabiTexInstant™ 12620 Star-Dri® 1005A; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder; Tylopur® C 10000 P2; Xanthan gum binder, sausage extrusion Edigel® 100 Powder Wheat Starch binder, sausages Cargill Dry GL™ 01920; Gluconolactone; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered Paygel® 290/295; Sodium caseinate; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Whey, dry; Whey, reduced lactose binder, seafood Egg White Solids Type P-39; NP-3; NP-4; NP-5 binder, seafood prods. Curafos® Stabilcolor binder, seasonings Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 binder, seasonings: bakery prods. Dry-Tack® 250 binder, seasonings: cereals Dry-Tack® 250; Pure-Cote™ B790 NF binder, seasonings: low-moisture foods Dry-Tack® 250 binder, seasonings: snacks Dry-Tack® 250; Pure-Cote™ B790 NF binder, semi-dry sausages EM 12; EM 14

2151

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, slimming prods. MD 1710 binder, snack food Soybean (Glycine soja) protein binder, snack foods Dextrin binder, soft cheeses Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered binder, soft drinks Gum ghatti binder, sorbic acid Mineral oil binder, soup mixes Alginic acid; Cargill Dry GL™ 01920; Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; PolarTex-Instant 12640; StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 binder, soups Albumin macro aggregates; Alginic acid; Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; Edicol®; Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch GD 2210; Methocel® K4M Premium; Nutriloid® Gum Arabic; Paygel® 290/295; PolarTex-Instant 12643 PROVImel® DN 10; PROVImel® DN 11; PROVImel® DN 12; PROVImel® DN 14; Remygel 14-552 Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AXP Sodium caseinate; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic Pre-Hydrated®; Tylopur® C 10000 P2; Whey, dry Whey, reduced lactose binder, sour cream OptaGrade®; OptaMist® binder, soya burgers Novation® 6600 binder, soy burgers TIC Pretested® Colloid Bind I-96 Powder binder, spice blends MD 1225; Star-Dri® 1005A binder, spice preps. Gluconolactone binder, spices Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 binder, spices: snack food TIC Pretested® No Fat Snack Dry Powder

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, stews Albumin macro aggregates; Whey, dry; Whey, reduced lactose; Xanthan gum binder, structured meats Methocel® K4M Premium binder, structured poultry Methocel® K4M Premium binder, stuffing Hydrolyzed milk protein binder, sugar fondants Star-Dri® 10 binder, surimi TIC Pretested® Colloid Bind I-96 Powder binder, surimi prods. FP600 binder, sweet dry blends GD 2210; GD 2910; GD 3910; GD 3910 binder, syrups Benecel® MP 843 binder, tableted food supplements Methoxyethanol binder, tablet: food Alpha Cellulose, Powdered BH 200 binder, tablets Microcrystalline cellulose; Trimyristin binder, tablets: health foods Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins; Vivacel® 12; Vivacel® 101; Vivacel® 102; Vivacel® 112 Vivacel® 200 binder, tablets: spheronization Vivacel® 101 binder, tacos Methocel® E15 Food Grade; Methocel® K4M Premium binder, taco shells/chips Methocel® K100M Premium bindert, food Globe® Corn Syrup Solids binder, tomato sauces Binasol™ 81 binder, turkey rolls Firm-Tex® binder, vegetables Mineral oil; TIC Pretested® Colloid Bind I-96 Powder binder, vegetarian burgers Novation® 6600 binder, vitamins TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, vitamin tablets Hydroxypropylcellulose binder, water: alcohol-free beers Glucidex 21 D; Glucose, liquid binder, water: Asian foods Purity® 90 binder, water: Asian sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder binder, water: baby foods Midsol™ 50; Pisane®; Pisane® binder, water: baked goods Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; PenCook® 10; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200; Pregel 40 binder, water: bakery mixes Multi-Kem FG 30-40X; Multi-Kem FG 30-70; Multi-Kem FG 60-30; Multi-Kem FG 60-50; Multi-Kem FG 60-70 binder, water: bakery prods Arcon® SK Fortified binder, water: bakery prods. Arcon® Plus 411; Arcon® S; Arcon® SM; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250 Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 binder, water: baloney Emser® 555 binder, water: batter mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 binder, water: batters PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX binder, water: beef patties Procon® 20/60; Wheatex™ binder, water: beverage emulsions TIC Pretested® Arabic PH SD binder, water: beverages JustFiber® WWF200; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC binder, water: biscuits Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Pisane®; Pisane®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, water: bologna PolarTex 05732; Wheatex™ binder, water: bread Citri-Fi® 100; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 300 binder, water: breading mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 binder, water: breading Egg whites; Egg White Solids Type K-200; PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX binder, water: buns Citri-Fi® 100 binder, water: burrito fillings Citri-Fi® 200 binder, water: cakes Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Midsol™ 50; PenPlus® 47 PenPlus® 47B; PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® UM PenPlus® UX; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 binder, water: candy Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum binder, water: canned meat Gempolym binder, water: canned meat prods. PenBind® 1015 binder, water: canned pet foods Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 binder, water: cassler Oxipur binder, water: cereal prods. Midsol™ 50 binder, water: cereals PenPlus® 40; PenPlus® 40M binder, water: cheese cake TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC-424 Heavy Duty binder, water: cheeses Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 binder, water: cheese sauces PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B binder, water: cheese spreads Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya

2153

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Superfine XXXX FCC; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 binder, water: chicken nuggets Wheatex™ binder, water: chicken patties Wheatex™ binder, water: chicken salad Wheatex™ binder, water: chips Citri-Fi® 100 binder, water: chocolate Thermax® 34 binder, water: coarse ground meats Arcon® SJ binder, water: coatings PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX binder, water: coffee whiteners Glucidex 21 D; Glucose, liquid binder, water: confectionery Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 binder, water: cooked hams Oxipur-Mix binder, water: cooked meat prods. Ceamgel M-9393 binder, water: cooked meats Oxipur binder, water: cooked shoulders Oxipur-Mix binder, water: cookies Citri-Fi® 100; Midsol™ 50; PenPlus® 300 binder, water: corn bread PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX binder, water: corn dogs Citri-Fi® 200 binder, water: corn flour tortillas PenPlus® MG binder, water: corn tortillas TIC Pretested® Colloid 1023 T Powder binder, water: crackers PenCling® 580 binder, water: cream Sodium hexametaphosphate binder, water: cream-based sauces Arcon® S binder, water: cream-based soups Arcon® S binder, water: cream cheese TIC Pretested® Locust Bean Gum POR/A Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC-424 Heavy Duty Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, water: cream fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 binder, water: cured pork Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos® binder, water: custard creams PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B binder, water: custard fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 binder, water: dairy desserts HiForm™ 72348 binder, water: dairy prods. Calcium Caseinate R; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC-424 Heavy Duty binder, water: deli meats PenBind® 1000 binder, water: desserts Pisane®; Pisane®; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC binder, water: dietary foods Pisane®; Pisane® binder, water: dietetic foods KELMAR® binder, water: donuts Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C; PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® UM PenPlus® UX binder, water: doughs PenPlus® MG binder, water: dressings/sauces Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC binder, water: dry mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Instant Tender-Jel® 479; KELMAR® binder, water: eggs Sodium hexametaphosphate binder, water: emulsified meat prods. Arcon® SJ binder, water: emulsified meats Arcon® SK Fortified; Lo-Temp® 452; Midsol™ 2AD; PenPlus® 300 2154

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, water: emulsion meats National® 740; Purity® 90 binder, water: extra-moist cakes Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C binder, water: extruded snacks PenPlus® 40; PenPlus® 40M; Tapioca starch binder, water: feed Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum binder, water: fillings Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum binder, water: fish dishes Gempolym binder, water: fish patties Wheatex™ binder, water: fish prods. Pisane®; Pisane® binder, water: flavor encapsulation TIC Pretested® Arabic PH SD binder, water: flour tortillas TIC Pretested® Colloid 1023 T Powder binder, water: food Arise 6000™; Bindox-HV-051; Bindox-LV050; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Cellogen HP-8A Diagum LBG; Genugel® X-902-02; Genuvisco®; Glyceryl mono/distearate; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum JustFiber® WWF10; JustFiber® WWF40; JustFiber® WWF200; JustFiber® WWF300; Karaya Gum FCC Karaya Gum FCC; Karaya Gum FCC; KELMAR®; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100 Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Oxipur; PenCook® 50; Potassium alginate Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC; Procon® 20/60-SL; Promax® 70 Promax® 70L; Scogin™ HV; Scogin™ LV; Scogin™ MV; Solka-Floc® 40 NF Tapioca starch; Wheat fiber; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, water: freeze-thaw cycle/refrigerated prods. Thermshear binder, water: fried chicken dogs Citri-Fi® 200 binder, water: frostings PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B binder, water: frozen bread doughs Arise 6000™; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein binder, water: frozen dairy prods. TIC Pretested® Locust Bean Gum POR/A Powder binder, water: frozen doughs TIC Pretested® Colloid 451T Powd.; TIC Pretested® Colloid 787 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 1023 T Powder binder, water: frozen foods HiForm™ 72348; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD binder, water: frozen pie fillings Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 binder, water: frozen yogurt Thermax® 34 binder, water: fruit fillings Instant Tender-Jel® 479; PolarTex 05732 binder, water: fruit pie fillings Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C binder, water: full-fat items Emser® 555 binder, water: gelatin Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum binder, water: glazes Midsol™ 50 binder, water: gravies Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; LoTemp® 452; Midsol™ 50; PenCook® 10 PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B; PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 2100 PolarTex 05732; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD binder, water: ground beef Wheatex™ binder, water: ground meat prods. Procon® 20/60; Vascomix 404 binder, water: ground sausages Procon® 20/60 binder, water: half & half Sodium hexametaphosphate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, water: ham Oxipur; PenBind® 1000 binder, water: health foods Pisane®; Pisane® binder, water: high-moisture/low-fat foods Celish® binder, water: high salt applics. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder binder, water: hot dogs Emser® 555; PolarTex 05732; Purity® 90 binder, water: hot sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder binder, water: ice cream Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200; Sodium hexametaphosphate; Thermax® 34; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Double D Powder binder, water: ice creams cones PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX binder, water: icings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Midsol™ 50 binder, water: imitation cheese Calcium Caseinate R binder, water: infant formulas Thermax® 34 binder, water: instant bakery fillings HiForm™ 72348 binder, water: instant beverages mixes TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder binder, water: instant cream-style soups Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C binder, water: instant desserts Exp-Merigel 113 binder, water: instant foods HiForm™ 72348 binder, water: instant gravies Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C binder, water: instant sauces HiForm™ 72348 binder, water: Italian meatballs Citri-Fi® 200 binder, water: Italian sausages Citri-Fi® 100 binder, water: jams Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, water: jellies Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum binder, water: jerky Wheatex™ binder, water: ketchup Glucidex 21 D; Glucose, liquid binder, water: low-fat items Emser® 555 binder, water: low-fat meats Purity® 90 binder, water: low-fat spreads Calcium Caseinate R binder, water: low-sodium foods KELMAR® binder, water: marinades TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD binder, water: meat Amygluten 110; Arcon® S; Biogluten 130; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 Egg whites; Egg White Solids Type K-200; Nu-Star® 120; Paselli™ FP; PenCook® 10 Potassium tripolyphosphate; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 1; Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 1 Special; Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 2; Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 2 HV; Premium Powdered Gum Karaya No. 3 Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Sodium hexametaphosphate; StaSlim™ 143 binder, water: meat analogs Egg whites; Egg White Solids Type K-200 binder, water: meat balls Vascomix 404 binder, water: meatballs Procon® 20/60; Wheatex™ binder, water: meat binders Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 binder, water: meat loaf Wheatex™ binder, water: meat patties Vascomix 404 binder, water: meat processing Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC 2156

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, water: meat prods. Emser® 555; Emser® 736; Glucidex 21 D; Glucose, liquid; Milk protein Pisane®; Pisane®; Purity® 90; Purity® 90 binder, water: meat replacement Amygluten 110 binder, water: meat replacement Biogluten 130 binder, water: meringue powders Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC binder, water: meringue powders Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC binder, water: microwave foods Lo-Temp® 452 binder, water: mixes Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C binder, water: muffins PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B; PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 300 PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX binder, water: noodles Purity® 90 binder, water: nutritional bars Citri-Fi® 100 binder, water: nutritional powdered drink bases Arcon® Plus 411; Arcon® S; Arcon® SK Fortified; Arcon® SM binder, water: nuts PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX binder, water: pan-baked bread Arise 6000™; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein binder, water: pancakes PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX binder, water: pasta fillings Firm-Tex® binder, water: pastries Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200; Pisane®; Pisane® binder, water: pet food Multi-Kem FG 30-40X; Multi-Kem FG 30-70; Multi-Kem FG 60-30; Multi-Kem FG 60-50; Multi-Kem FG 60-70 PenPlus® 40; PenPlus® 40M binder, water: pie crusts Midsol™ 50

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

binder, water: pie fillings Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B PolarTex 05732; Tapioca starch; TIC Pretested® Colloid 787 Powder binder, water: pies Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum binder, water: pizza crusts Citri-Fi® 100; PenPlus® MG binder, water: pizza sauces TIC Pretested® Colloid 787-TP Powder binder, water: pizza toppings Wheatex™ binder, water: pork loins Oxipur-Mix binder, water: poultry Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Sodium hexametaphosphate binder, water: poultry loaves PolarTex 05732 binder, water: poultry prods. Emser® 555; Emser® 736; Oxipur binder, water: prepared dishes Pisane®; Pisane® binder, water: processed cheeses Calcium Caseinate R; Calcium Caseinate R; Sodium hexametaphosphate; Thermax® 34 binder, water: processed meat prods. PenBind® 959; PenBind® 1000 binder, water: processed meats Arcon® Plus 411; Arcon® SM binder, water: processed poultry Emser® 736 binder, water: protein matrix foods Purity® 90 binder, water: puddings Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Midsol™ 50 binder, water: quiches TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC-424 Heavy Duty binder, water: ready-to-drink beverages Thermax® 34 binder, water: reduced fat emulsified meat prods. PenCling® 510; PenCling® 530; PenCling® 580

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, water: relishes TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder binder, water: rolls Citri-Fi® 100 binder, water: salad dressings Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Midsol™ 50; PenPlus® 47 PenPlus® 47B; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB binder, water: sauces Calcium Caseinate R; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Exp-Merigel 113; Glucidex 21 D Glucose, liquid; Locust Bean Gum Type A100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Lo-Temp® 452 Midsol™ 50; PenCook® 10; PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B; PenPlus® 205 PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 2100; Pisane®; Pisane®; PolarTex 05732 Thermax® 34; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD binder, water: sauce/salad fillings Citri-Fi® 200 binder, water: sausages Citri-Fi® 200; Emser® 736; Gempolym; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 Wheatex™ binder, water: seafood prods. Ceamgel M-9393; PenCook® 10 binder, water: sherbets Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC binder, water: snack foods Paselli™ FP binder, water: soft cheeses Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 binder, water: soft cookies Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C binder, water: soups Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Exp-Merigel 113; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Midsol™ 50

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Paselli™ FP; PenCook® 10; PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B; PenPlus® 205 PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 2100; Pisane®; Pisane®; PolarTex 05732 Thermax® 34 binder, water: spreads Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200 binder, water: stuffed meat prods. Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 binder, water: surimi Midsol™ 2AD; PolarTex 05732; Wheatex™ binder, water: surimi analogs Arcon® SJ binder, water: table syrups Sodium hexametaphosphate binder, water: table toppings Sodium hexametaphosphate binder, water: tomato-based sauces Instant Tender-Jel® 479 binder, water: tongues Oxipur binder, water: tortillas Citri-Fi® 100 binder, water: turkey breasts PenBind® 1000 binder, water: UHT prods. Thermax® 34 binder, water: ultra-pasteurized prods. Thermax® 34 binder, water: vacuum-packaged meats Novation® 1900 binder, water: vegetable dishes Gempolym binder, water: vegetables Sodium hexametaphosphate binder, water: wafers PenCling® 580 binder, water: waffles PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX binder, water: water: food Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC binder, water: water ices Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC binder, water: wheat flour tortillas PenPlus® MG binder, water: whey Sodium hexametaphosphate

2158

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference binder, water: whole muscle items Emser® 736 binder, water: yogurt Calcium Caseinate R binder, water: yogurt desserts HiForm™ 72348 binder, whey processing Sodium metaphosphate binder, whipped prods. Maltrin® M200 binder, whipped puddings Tylopur® C 1000 P2 binder, whipped toppings Hydroxypropylcellulose; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein binder, wine Albumin macro aggregates binder, wine stabilization Polyclar® Ultra K-100 bioavailability enhancer Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin bioavailability enhancer, beverages Puracal® PP/FCC bioavailability enhancer, clinical nutrition Captex® 200P bioavailability enhancer, colors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate bioavailability enhancer, flavors Captex® 200 bioavailability enhancer, flavors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate bioavailability enhancer, food Methyl-α-cyclodextrin; Methyl-βcyclodextrin; Methyl-γ-cyclodextrin bioavailability enhancer, food vitamins Captex® 200 bioavailability enhancer, fragrance oils Captex® 200 bioavailability enhancer, juices Puracal® PP/FCC bioavailability enhancer, nutritional applics. Capmul® MCM-L; Capmul® MCM-L8; Capmul® PG-8 bioavailability enhancer, nutritional supplements Captex® 200P Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bioavailability enhancer, powd. drinks Puracal® PP/FCC bioavailability enhancer, soluble colorants Captex® 200 bioavailability enhancer, vitamins: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate bioavailability promoter, iron Lactoferrin biocide, food processing Benzalkonium chloride; NKC-610 Benzalkonium Chloride; NKC-620 DCCNA; Sodium dichloroisocyanurate biotin source, food Bitrit-1™ (1% Biotin Trituration) biotin source, special dietary food prods. Bitrit-1™ (1% Biotin Trituration) bitter, aromatic: alcoholic beverages Chamomile bitter, aromatic: food Chamomile bitter, aromatic: herbal teas Chamomile bittering agent, beer Hexahop Gold®; Isohop® bittering agent, food Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract bittering agent, hop aroma: beer Hop Pellets Isomerized; Hop Pellets Stabilized; Hop Pellets Type 45; Hop Pellets Type 90 bittering agent, light beers Redihop® bittering agent, reduced-calorie beers Redihop® bitterness enhancer, beer Tetrahop® bitterness inhibitor, dairy prods. Sodium gluconate bitterness inhibitor, dietetic prods. Sodium gluconate bitterness inhibitor, food Sodium gluconate bitterness inhibitor, meat prods. Sodium gluconate bitter taste reducer, saccharin Glycine bleaching agent, animal oils Magnesium silicate bleaching agent, bleaching oils Benzoyl peroxide

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference bleaching agent, breads Acetone peroxides bleaching agent, cereal flour Azodicarbonamide bleaching agent, cheeses Benzoyl peroxide bleaching agent, cheese whey Hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent, corn processing Sulfur dioxide bleaching agent, corn syrups Hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent, dried eggs Hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent, flour Acetone peroxides; Benzoyl peroxide; Chlorine dioxide; Nitrosyl chloride bleaching agent, food Chlorine dioxide; Hydrogen peroxide; Potassium bromate; Sodium bisulfite; Sodium hydrosulfite Sodium metabisulfite; Sodium percarbonate; Sodium sulfite; Sulfur dioxide bleaching agent, food pkg. Hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent, food processing Chlorine bleaching agent, food starch Ammonium persulfate bleaching agent, milk Hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent, modified food starch Sodium chlorite bleaching agent, oils/fats Sodium persulfate bleaching agent, rolls Acetone peroxides bleaching agent, starch Hydrogen peroxide; Sodium hypochlorite bleaching agent, sugar Sodium hydrosulfite bleaching agent, tea Hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent, vegetable oils Magnesium silicate bleaching agent, whole wheat flour Nitrosyl chloride bleaching agent, wine Hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent, wine vinegar Hydrogen peroxide Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

blending agent Solec™ 68 SB; Solec™ 68-UB; Solec™ 70 SB; Solec™ 70 UB blending agent, antistaling: confectioneries Solec™ K blending agent, baked goods Alcolec® 30-A blending agent, breads Solec™ K blending agent, buns Solec™ K blending agent, cakes Alcolec® 30-A blending agent, cocoa powders Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ T blending agent, cookies Alcolec® 30-A blending agent, dairy prods. Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ T blending agent, dairy replacement systems Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F-SB; Centrol® 3F-UB blending agent, dietary supplements Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ F; Lecigran™ M Lecigran™ Super A; Lecigran™ T blending agent, emulsions: o/w Solec™ K blending agent, food Centrocap® 162US; Centrocap® 162US; Centrocap® 273SS; Centrocap® 273SS; Centrocap® B Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F-SB; Centrol® 3F-UB; Centrol® 3F-UB Premium; Lecigran™ 6750 Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ F; Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ Super A Lecigran™ T; Solec™ 162SS; Solec™ 162SS; Solec™ WD; Solec™ WD blending agent, gravies Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ T blending agent, high protein beverages Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ T blending agent, infant formulas Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F-SB; Centrol® 3F-UB

2160

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference blending agent, instantizing whole milk powders Solec™ K blending agent, instant/prepared food Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ T blending agent, pie crusts Alcolec® 30-A blending agent, rolls Solec™ K blending agent, yeast buns Alcolec® 30-A blocking agent, food Covi-Ox® T-70 bloom control agent, hard candy Maltrin® M100 bloom inhibitor, chocolate Durtan® 65 bloom inhibitor, compd. coatings Durtan® 65 bloom retarder, cocoa butter substitutes Famodan MS Kosher bloom retarder, compd. coatings Famodan MS Kosher bloom retarder, imitation dairy systems Famodan MS Kosher bodying agent ADM Clintose CR 24; Avebe SPG 20; Corn Syrup 36/43; Genu® 18CG-YA; Genu® Pectin USP/200 Genu® Pectin USP-L/200; Merecol® GL; Merecol® GX; NETO® 7350-50/43; Nutriose® FB06 Pricerine™ 9091; Pricerine™ 9099; Staley® 200-26/42; Staley® 300-36/42; Supercol® GF Supercol® U bodying agent, artificially sweetened beverages Potassium citrate bodying agent, baked goods Glycerin; Methylcellulose; Polydextrose; Rice*Trin® 35; Sorbogem™ Xanthan gum bodying agent, bakery fillings GD 2910; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP) bodying agent, bakery glazes Cargill Dry MD 01913 bodying agent, bakery icing Cargill Dry MD 01913 bodying agent, bakery mixes Star-Dri® 1

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bodying agent, bakery prods. Avebe MD 20; CarraLite™ bodying agent, baking Staley® 1300-42/43 bodying agent, baking mixes Polydextrose bodying agent, baking powder Cargill Gel™ 03428 bodying agent, bar mixes Aqualon® 7HXF; Aqualon® 7LF bodying agent, bars BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 42DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 42DE bodying agent, batter mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01939; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 bodying agent, batters Star-Dri® 10 bodying agent, Bavarian creams Salioca 06436; Salioca™ 06758 bodying agent, bavarois Paselli™ Easy-Gel bodying agent, beer Corn syrup bodying agent, beverage mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Star-Dri® 15 bodying agent, beverages BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 42DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 42DE; Cargill Dry MD 01913; Corn syrup; Genu® Pectins Globe® Corn Syrup Solids; Instant PureFlo®; MD 1210; MD 1225; Rice*Complete® 3 Rice*Complete® 35; TIC Pretested® Ticagel® PG-730 Powder; Xanthan gum bodying agent, biscuits Avebe MD 20; GD 2910; GD 3910 bodying agent, breading mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 bodying agent, breakfast drinks Aqualon® 7HXF; Aqualon® 7LXF bodying agent, cake mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01939; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Sorbogem™ bodying agent, cakes GD 2910 bodying agent, candy Arabinogalactan; 42/43 Corn Syrup; Glycerin; Maltodextrin bodying agent, candy bars BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 28DE

2161

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference bodying agent, canned foods Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 bodying agent, canning Staley® 1300-42/43 bodying agent, cereal bars GD 2910 bodying agent, cheesecake Paselli™ Easy-Gel bodying agent, chewable candies GD 2910 bodying agent, chewing gum Cargill Dry GL™ 01939; Polydextrose bodying agent, chili Xanthan gum bodying agent, chips Cleardex® 36/43; Clearsweet® 36/43 bodying agent, chocolate syrup TIC Pretested® Colloid 517 T Powder bodying agent, clinical nutrition Capmul® GMS-50; Caprol® 3GS; Dritex S; Hydrokote® 112 bodying agent, coffee creamers Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; GD 2910; MD 1210; MD 1225; MD 1710 MD 1910 bodying agent, cold-prepared desserts Paselli™ Easy-Gel bodying agent, condiments Akucell® AF 3295; Clearsweet® 43/43; Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 43/44 IX bodying agent, confectionery Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; CarraLite™; GD 3910; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 MD 1210; MD 1225; Polydextrose; PVP; Rice*Trin® 35 Sorbogem™; Staley® 1300-42/43; Star-Dri® 15 bodying agent, controlled-moisture foods Glycon® G-100; Glycon® G-300; Hystar® 3375; Hystar® 4075; Hystar® 5875 Hystar® 6075; Hystar® HM-75 bodying agent, convenience beverages Genu® Pectin USP/100 bodying agent, convenience foods Genu® Pectins; Genu® Pectin USP/100 bodying agent, cookie fillings Kelgum® 87 bodying agent, cookie mixes Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bodying agent, cookies Avebe MD 20 bodying agent, crackers Avebe MD 20; Maltodextrin bodying agent, cream fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 bodying agent, cultured milk prods. Genu® 104AS-YA bodying agent, custard fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 bodying agent, dairy desserts Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345; Star-Dri® 5; Star-Dri® 10 Star-Dri® 15; Star-Dri® 18 bodying agent, dairy prods. CarraLite™; Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; Cleardex® 25/42 IX; Cleardex® 28/42; Clearsweet® 25/42 Clearsweet® 25/42 IX; Clearsweet® 28/42; Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307 Kelgum® 87 bodying agent, dairy spreads MD 1710; MD 1910 bodying agent, dehydrated foods Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 bodying agent, dessert mixes CarraLite™ bodying agent, desserts Xanthan gum bodying agent, dietary/nutritional beverages CarraLite™ bodying agent, diet soft drinks Genu® VIS bodying agent, dressing bases Salioca 05330; Salioca 06436; Salioca™ 06758 bodying agent, dressings BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 28DE; BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 42DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 28DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 42DE; Delta™ 7393 Resistamyl 310 bodying agent, dry mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03428; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Star-Dri® 1005A; StarDri® 1015A bodying agent, dry-mix salad dressings Cargill Dry MD 01913 bodying agent, dry roasted nuts Sorbogem™

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference bodying agent, enteral nutrition MD 1710 bodying agent, essential oils Arabinogalactan bodying agent, extruded snacks MD 1910 bodying agent, fat-reduced confectionery Star-Dri® 42F bodying agent, fat-reduced dry mixes Star-Dri® 42C; Star-Dri® 42R bodying agent, fat-reduced fondants Star-Dri® 42F bodying agent, fat-reduced frostings Star-Dri® 42F bodying agent, fat-reduced ice cream Star-Dri® 42C; Star-Dri® 42R bodying agent, fat-reduced meats Star-Dri® 42C; Star-Dri® 42R bodying agent, fat-reduced nutritional formulas Star-Dri® 20 bodying agent, fat-reduced salad dressings Star-Dri® 20 bodying agent, fillings Polydextrose; Sorbogem™ bodying agent, flavor bases Arabinogalactan bodying agent, flavored syrups Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 bodying agent, flavors Rice*Trin® 16 bodying agent, food ADM Clintose® CR 10; ADM Clintose® CR 15; ADM Clintose® CR 18; Aldosperse® O20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG; Arabinogalactan; CC-902I; Beneo™ ST; Corn syrup 42/43 Corn Syrup; Corn syrup solids; Genugel® X-902-02; Genu® Pectins; Genu® Pectin USP/100 Genuvisco®; Globe® Corn Syrup Solids; Glycerin; Inulin; Maltodextrin Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Methylcellulose; Plasdone® C-15; Plasdone® C-30 Plasdone® K-25; Plasdone® K-29/32; Plasdone® K-90; Polydextrose; Pricerine™ 9081 Pricerine™ 9083; Pricerine™ 9098; PVP; Rice maltodextrin; Sorbo® Sorbogem™; Xanthan gum

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bodying agent, food processing Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 540 Blend; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 600; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 900 Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1000; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1450; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 3350; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 4600; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 8000 bodying agent, fountain syrups 42/43 Corn Syrup bodying agent, frostings Polydextrose; Star-Dri® 5 bodying agent, frozen breakfast drinks Aqualon® 7H0F; Aqualon® 7H3SF; Aqualon® 7MF bodying agent, frozen dairy desserts Polydextrose bodying agent, frozen dairy prods. Sta-Lite® 318 bodying agent, frozen desserts Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS40 KFG; Ice # 2; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K; N-Surance™; Sorbogem™; Sta-Lite® 318; Supercol® G2S bodying agent, frozen foods GD 2910; GD 3910; MD 1210; MD 1225 bodying agent, frozen novelties Cleardex® 36/43; Clearsweet® 36/43 bodying agent, fruit drink mixes Aqualon® 7HXF bodying agent, fruit drinks Genu® VIS bodying agent, fruit juices TIC Pretested® Ticagel® PG-730 Powder bodying agent, fruit leathers Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 bodying agent, fruit pie fillings Methylcellulose bodying agent, fruit preps. Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 bodying agent, fruits PVP bodying agent, functional foods TIC Pretested® Colloid Ultrasmooth Powder bodying agent, gelatin Polydextrose

2163

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference bodying agent, glazes GD 2910; GD 3910; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 bodying agent, granola coatings Rice maltodextrin bodying agent, gravies Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Delta™ 7393; Instant Pure-Flo®; Kelgum® 87 Resistamyl 310; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); Star-Dri® 1005A; Supercol® G3-S; Xanthan gum bodying agent, gravy mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 bodying agent, gum PVP bodying agent, hard candies Cargill Dry GL™ 01939; Clearsweet® 43% High Maltose; Clearsweet® 50% High Maltose bodying agent, hard/soft candies Polydextrose bodying agent, high carbohydrate drinks Cargill Dry MD 01956 bodying agent, hot chocolate mixes Aqualon® 7LF bodying agent, HTST processed aseptically canned foods WNA bodying agent, HTST processed aseptically canned foods: puddings WNA bodying agent, HTST processed aseptically canned foods: sauces WNA bodying agent, HTST processed aseptically canned foods: soups WNA bodying agent, ice cream Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS40 KFG; Aqualon® 7H4F; Aqualon® 7HC4F; Aqualon® 7HCF Aqualon® 7HF; Aqualon® 7HXF; Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; Cleardex® 25/42 IX; Cleardex® 28/42 Cleardex® 36/43; Clearsweet® 25/42; Clearsweet® 25/42 IX; Clearsweet® 28/42; Clearsweet® 36/43 Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K; Staley® 130042/43; Supercol® G2-S; Supercol® G3-S bodying agent, ice milk Aqualon® 7HC4F; Aqualon® 7HCF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bodying agent, ice milk bars Kelgum® 87 bodying agent, icing Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; GD 2910; GD 3910; Sorbogem™ bodying agent, icing mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Cargill Gel™ 03428 bodying agent, infant foods GD 3910 bodying agent, infant formulas Capmul® GMS-50; Caprol® 3GS; Cargill Dry MD 01913 bodying agent, infant milk substitute MD 1710 bodying agent, instant cold-water viscous nondairy prods. Genuvisco® CSW-2 bodying agent, instant desserts Avebe MD 20 bodying agent, instant dry mixes Instant Pure-Flo® bodying agent, instant mixes: beverages MD 1910 bodying agent, instant mixes: sauces/soups MD 1910 bodying agent, instant mixes: slimming prods. MD 1910 bodying agent, instant mixes: sports drinks MD 1910 bodying agent, instant prods. Resistamyl 131; Resistamyl 231 bodying agent, institutional pack dressings Salioca 05330 bodying agent, jams Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; 42/43 Corn Syrup; Xanthan gum bodying agent, jellies Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; 42/43 Corn Syrup bodying agent, low-calorie foods Sta-Lite® 370; Sta-Lite® III; Sta-Lite® III F bodying agent, low-fat prods. Glycerin bodying agent, low-pH sauces Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 bodying agent, marshmallows Glycerin

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference bodying agent, meat Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; Cleardex® 25/42 IX; Cleardex® 28/42 Clearsweet® 25/42; Clearsweet® 25/42 IX; Clearsweet® 28/42 bodying agent, milk-based beverages CC-902I bodying agent, milk-based powd. drinks TIC Pretested® Colloid 517 T Powder bodying agent, milk-cooked dry mixes CarraVis™ 60CL bodying agent, milk prods. Xanthan gum bodying agent, mineral concs. PVP bodying agent, mousses Paselli™ Easy-Gel bodying agent, nonfat frozen desserts Kelgum® 87 bodying agent, nonnutritive sweeteners Arabinogalactan; PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9 PEG-10; PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20 PEG-32; PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG150 PEG-180; Polyethylene glycol bodying agent, nonstandardized dressings Arabinogalactan bodying agent, novelty water bars Kelgum® 87 bodying agent, nut coatings Rice maltodextrin bodying agent, nutritional beverages Rice*Trin® 35; Star-Dri® 1005A; Star-Dri® 1015A bodying agent, nutritional formulas Cargill Dry MD 01913 bodying agent, nutritional meal replacers TIC Pretested® Colloid Supersmooth Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid Ultrasmooth Powder bodying agent, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® GMS-50; Caprol® 3GS; Dritex S; Hydrokote® 112 bodying agent, pasta Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K bodying agent, pasteurized liquid egg preps. Kelgum® 87

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bodying agent, pasteurized process cheeses Emulsi-Phos 660™; Emulsi-Phos 990™; Kelgum® 87 bodying agent, pet foods Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP) bodying agent, pie fillings CarraVis™ 80B bodying agent, poultry Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Xanthan gum bodying agent, powdered cocoa beverages TIC Pretested® Colloid 517 T Powder bodying agent, preserves Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Cargill Dry GL™ 01946 bodying agent, processed baby foods Tapioca starch bodying agent, processed cheeses CrystalBan™ bodying agent, pudding dry mixes Kelgum® 87 bodying agent, pudding mixes Arabinogalactan bodying agent, puddings CarraVis™ 80B; Maltodextrin; Paselli™ Easy-Gel; Salioca 06436; Salioca™ 06758 Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP) bodying agent, ready-to-spread frostings Genu® 22CG bodying agent, reduced-calorie beverages Aqualon® 9M31F bodying agent, reduced-calorie cocoa mixes Aqualon® 7H3SXF bodying agent, reduced-calorie foods Polydextrose; Sta-Lite® 370; Sta-Lite® III; Sta-Lite® III F bodying agent, reduced-calorie spreads Aqualon® 7HF bodying agent, reduced-fat cheese sauces Methocel® A15LV Premium bodying agent, reduced fat foods Cargill Dry MD 01956 bodying agent, refrigerated/frozen foods Instant Pure-Flo® bodying agent, relishes Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 bodying agent, rice drinks TIC Pretested® Colloid Ultrasmooth Powder

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference bodying agent, rice flour breads Methocel® K4M Premium bodying agent, ricotta cheese Merecol® R; Merecol® RB; Merecol® RCS bodying agent, salad dressings Akucell® AF 3295; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Kelgum® 87; Polydextrose Purity® 420; Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Salioca 05330; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP) WNA; Xanthan gum bodying agent, sauce mixes Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 bodying agent, sauces Akucell® AF 3295; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Clearsweet® 43/43; Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2 Clearsweet® 43/44 IX; Delta™ 7393; GD 2210; Purity® 420; Resistamyl 310 Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); Star-Dri® 1005A; Xanthan gum bodying agent, seasonings Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 bodying agent, sherbets Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS40 KFG; Aqualon® 7H0F; Aqualon® 7H3SF; Cremodan® SL bodying agent, slimming prods. MD 1710 bodying agent, snacks foods Rice*Trin® 35 bodying agent, soft drinks Corn syrup bodying agent, soft serve Aqualon® 7H4XF; Aqualon® 7HF bodying agent, sorbet Cremodan® SL bodying agent, soup mixes Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 bodying agent, soups Akucell® AF 3295; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Delta™ 7393; GD 2210 Instant Pure-Flo®; Resistamyl 310; Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 bodying agent, soy-based drinks TIC Pretested® Colloid Ultrasmooth Powder

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bodying agent, spice blends Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; MD 1225; Star-Dri® 1005A bodying agent, spices Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 bodying agent, spoonable dressings Salioca 06436; Salioca™ 06758 bodying agent, spoonable salad dressings Delta™ 7393; Delta™ SD 7393 bodying agent, sports beverages Rice maltodextrin bodying agent, spray-dried encapsulated flavor oils Cargill Dry MD 01960 bodying agent, stews Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); Xanthan gum bodying agent, sugar fondants Star-Dri® 10 bodying agent, sugarless confectionery Glycon® G-100; Glycon® G-300; Hystar® 3375; Hystar® 4075; Hystar® 5875 Hystar® 6075; Hystar® HM-75 bodying agent, surimi Sorbogem™ bodying agent, sweet dry blends GD 2210; GD 2910; GD 3910 bodying agent, syrups BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 42DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 42DE; Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; Kelgum® 87 bodying agent, table syrups 42/43 Corn Syrup bodying agent, tableted nonnutritive sweeteners PVP bodying agent, toppings Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Cargill Dry GL™ 01946 bodying agent, vitamin concs. PVP bodying agent, water-based powdered drinks TIC Pretested® Colloid 517 T Powder bodying agent, water ices Cremodan® DC bodying agent, yeast-raised bakery prods. Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K bodying agent, yogurt CarraVis™ 60CL

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference bodying agent, yogurt dry mixes Kelgum® 87 body modifier, liquid systems DextriPlus™ HSPR05; DextriPlus™ HSPR18 body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness enhancer, dairy prods. Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617 body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness enhancer, dressings Kol Guard® 7413 body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness enhancer, fruit fillings Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617 body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness enhancer, fruit preps. Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617 body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness enhancer, gravies Kol Guard® 7413 body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness enhancer, jams Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617 body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness enhancer, sauces Kol Guard® 7413 body/mouthfeel/creaminess/smoothness enhancer, soups Kol Guard® 7413 body/mouthfeel enhancer Mira-Thik® 609 body/mouthfeel enhancer, beverages Mira-Sperse® 622 body/mouthfeel enhancer, cheese sauces Pure Food Powder body/mouthfeel enhancer, dairy desserts Tapioca #1 body/mouthfeel enhancer, dairy prods. Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342 Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Mira-Sperse® 622 Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470; NuStar® 120; Nu-Star® 140; Resistamyl 346 Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151 body/mouthfeel enhancer, desserts Pure Food Powder body/mouthfeel enhancer, dressings Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342 Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritena 300 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mira-Sperse® 622; Mira-Sperse® 2000; MiraThik® 470; Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 120 Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347 Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV; Sta-Slim™ 150 Sta-Slim™ 151 body/mouthfeel enhancer, dry mix sauces Pure Food Powder body/mouthfeel enhancer, dry mix soups Pure Food Powder; Waxy #1 body/mouthfeel enhancer, fruit drinks Sta-O-Paque® body/mouthfeel enhancer, fruit fillings Merigel 340; Mira-Sperse® 622; Sta-Slim™ 143 body/mouthfeel enhancer, fruit preps. Merigel 340; Mira-Sperse® 622 body/mouthfeel enhancer, gravies Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342 Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritena 300 Mira-Sperse® 622; Mira-Sperse® 2000; MiraThik® 470; Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 120 Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347 Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV; Sta-Slim™ 150 Sta-Slim™ 151 body/mouthfeel enhancer, jams Merigel 340; Mira-Sperse® 622 body/mouthfeel enhancer, nutritional drinks Sta-O-Paque® body/mouthfeel enhancer, prepared foods Mira-Sperse® 622; Mira-Sperse® 2000 body/mouthfeel enhancer, sauces Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342 Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritena 300 Mira-Sperse® 622; Mira-Sperse® 2000; MiraThik® 470; Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 120 Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347 Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV; Sta-Slim™ 150 Sta-Slim™ 151; Waxy #1 body/mouthfeel enhancer, savory sauces Pure Food Powder

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference body/mouthfeel enhancer, soups Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342 Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritena 300 Mira-Sperse® 622; Mira-Sperse® 2000; MiraThik® 470; Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 120 Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Pure Food Powder; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 346 Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151 body/mouthfeel enhancer, sports drinks Sta-O-Paque® body/mouthfeel,/flavor enhancer, beverages Akucell® AF 3295 boiler water additive, food-contact Morpholine; Nutrifos® Powder; Poly (maleic anhydride), sodium salt boil-out preventer, pie fillings Coyote Stabilizer HTPF; Coyote Stabilizer JB-900 bone improvement supplement, food Beneo™ Synergy1; HiOmega® Flaxseed Oil botanical extract, aloe juice blends Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Aloe Vera Powder Regular, 200X botanical extract, health drinks Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 3X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 5X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 20X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic Freeze Dried; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Aloe Vera Powder Regular, 200X botanical extract, health foods Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 3X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 5X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 20X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic Freeze Dried; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Aloe Vera Powder Regular, 200X botanical extract, juice blends Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 3X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 5X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 20X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic Freeze Dried; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic botanical extract, sports/fitness drinks Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 3X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 5X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Gel 20X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic Freeze Dried; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Powder Organic Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Aloe Vera Powder Regular, 200X bread improver Admul CSL 2010; Admul SSL 1078; Admul SSL 2012; Ammonium phosphate; Brewloid® Lactipol C bread improver, baked goods DoughMaster 200 bread improver, frozen doughs DoughMaster 300 bread improver, yeast-raised doughs Regent® 12XX brightener, cooked white noodles Noopazyme brightener, cream-style corn Purity® CS C; Purity® W brine additive, cooked ham Alomine 223 brine additive, injected prods. Alomine 223 brine additive, poultry prods. Alomine 223 bromate substitute, breads Arco B NB; Dependox AXC bromate substitute, buns Arco B NB; Dependox AXC; Doughmaker; Doughmaker 4; Doughmaker 5 bromate substitute, hearth breads Doughmaker; Doughmaker 4; Doughmaker 5 bromate substitute, pan breads Doughmaker; Doughmaker 4; Doughmaker 5 bromate substitute, rolls Arco B NB; Doughmaker; Doughmaker 4; Doughmaker 5 browning agent, beverages Globe® Corn Syrup Solids browning agent, food Globe® Corn Syrup Solids browning agent, glazes GD 3910 browning agent, oil-roasted nuts Sweet'n'Neat® Tack Blend X browning agent, snack foods Sweet'n'Neat® Tack Blend X

2168

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference buffer Potassium citrate; SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40; SAPP 43 SAPP RD-1; Thermal Select 75%/80%/85% (FG) buffer, animal feed Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous buffer, bacon Hamine-Mix buffer, baked goods Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium phosphate; Bionature® Light Liquid Molasses; Sodium alum buffer, baking powder Ammonium alum; Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium phosphate; Levair®; Potassium phosphate Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate buffer, beef rounds Hamine-Mix buffer, beer Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 166 buffer, beer malting Hydrochloric acid buffer, beverages Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Glycine; Sodium citrate; Succinic acid; Trisodium citrate buffer, breads Brew Aid B Without Oxidants buffer, brew systems: controlled fermentation Ferment Buffer buffer, cake/cookie/muffin/pancake mixes Levair® buffer, caramel Ammonium carbonate; Potassium phosphate buffer, cereals Py-ran®; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate buffer, cheese processing Potassium phosphate buffer, cheeses Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Sodium tartrate; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

buffer, chewing gum Potassium tripolyphosphate buffer, coffee whiteners Disodium citrate buffer, condiments Succinic acid buffer, confectionery Trisodium citrate buffer, cooked hams Hamine; Hamine-Mix buffer, cream Soda Phos (FG) buffer, cultured buttermilk Disodium citrate buffer, cured meat prods. Disodium citrate; Hamine buffer, dough Py-ran® buffer, dough stage: brew systems Brew Aid B Without Oxidants; Brewloid® buffer, eggs Soda Phos (FG) buffer, evaporated milk Disodium citrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate buffer, fats/oils Sodium tartrate buffer, fish prods. Hamine; Hamine-Mix buffer, folic acid preps. Potassium ascorbate buffer, food Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Arlac P®; Arlac S®; Benzoic acid Calcium carbonate; Calcium citrate; Calcium gluconate; Calcium hydroxide; Calcium lactate Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium pyrophosphate; Disodium citrate DSP/TSP 30%; EN PHOS 50; Glycine; Hydrochloric acid; Potassium acetate Potassium phosphate; Potassium phosphate dibasic; Potassium phosphate tribasic; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate Potassium tripolyphosphate; Sodium acetate anhydrous; Sodium acid 2169

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference pyrophosphate; Sodium alum; Sodium citrate Sodium fumarate; Sodium lactate; Sodium phosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Sodium phosphate tribasic; Sodium tartrate; Succinic acid Succinic anhydride; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate; Trisodium citrate; TSP/DSP 40% buffer, frozen desserts Ammonium phosphate buffer, frozen doughs Levair® buffer, fruit jellies Py-ran® buffer, gelatin Ammonium carbonate buffer, half & half Soda Phos (FG) buffer, hot sausages Succinic acid buffer, ice cream Soda Phos (FG) buffering agent, whey Soda Phos (FG) buffer, jams Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Sodium tartrate buffer, jellies Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Sodium tartrate buffer, margarine Ammonium phosphate; Disodium citrate buffer, meat Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium acetate anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate buffer, meat processing Potassium phosphate buffer, meat prods. Hamine-Mix; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Succinic acid

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

buffer, milk Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous buffer, miso Succinic acid buffer, pickles Potassium alum dodecahydrate; Sodium alum buffer, pork Disodium citrate buffer, pork loins Hamine; Hamine-Mix buffer, poultry Disodium citrate; Hamine; Hamine-Mix; Nutrifos® 100; Potassium tripolyphosphate Soda Phos (FG) buffer, preserves Py-ran® buffer, processed cheeses Albrite® STPP-F; Albrite® STPP-FC; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate buffer, processed fish Albrite® STPP-F; Albrite® STPP-FC buffer, processed foods Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate buffer, processed meat Albrite® STPP-F; Albrite® STPP-FC; Nutrifos® 100 buffer, relishes Succinic acid buffer, rendered fats Glycine buffer, seafood Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG) buffer, soy sauce Succinic acid buffer, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) buffert, table syrups Soda Phos (FG) buffer, vegetables Soda Phos (FG) buffer, water treatment: animal feed Kalipol™ 32 buffer, water treatment: food Kalipol™ 32 buffer, whipped toppings Ammonium phosphate 2170

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference buffer, wine Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic bulking agent DextriPlus™ HSPR05; DextriPlus™ HSPR18; Sunmalt bulking agent, baby foods Cargill Dry MD 01918; Glucodry 210 G; Maldex 150; Maldex 180; Maldex G 180 bulking agent, baked goods CrystaLean®; Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC; Litesse®; Methylcellulose Polydextrose; Rice*Trin® 16; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Sorbogem™ bulking agent, bakery glazes Cargill Dry MD 01913 bulking agent, bakery icing Cargill Dry MD 01913 bulking agent, bakery prods. Maltrin® M100; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K100 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150 bulking agent, baking mixes Polydextrose bulking agent, batter mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 bulking agent, beverage mixes Cargill Dry MD 01918; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 bulking agent, beverages Cargill Dry MD 01913; Jerusalem artichoke flour bulking agent, breads Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 bulking agent, cake mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01939; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Sorbogem™ bulking agent, candy Maltodextrin bulking agent, canning Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150 bulking agent, cereals CrystaLean®; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bulking agent, cheeses Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 bulking agent, cheese sauces Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10 bulking agent, chewing gum Cargill Dry GL™ 01939; Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC; Litesse®; Polydextrose bulking agent, chocolate Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC bulking agent, cocoa mixes Malta*Gran® 10 bulking agent, coffee whiteners Cargill Dry GL™ 01925; Rice*Trin® 16; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic bulking agent, confectionery Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC; Litesse®; Litesse® II; Maldex 150 Maldex 180; Maldex G 180; Maltrin® M100; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 Polydextrose; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Rice*Trin® 16; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Sorbogem™; Xylitol CFP bulking agent, cookie mixes Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 bulking agent, crackers Maltodextrin bulking agent, cream soup mixes Redisol® 248 bulking agent, dairy prods. Cargill Dry GL™ 01925; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150 bulking agent, dehydrated foods Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 bulking agent, diabetic foods CrystaLean® bulking agent, dietary: food Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum

2171

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference bulking agent, dietetic foods Cargill Dry MD 01918; Xylitol CFP bulking agent, dips Rice*Trin® 16 Organic bulking agent, drink mixes Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102; Tabulose® SC-580 Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681 Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 bulking agent, dry beverage mixes Glucidex® IT6; Glucidex® IT8; Glucidex® IT12; Glucidex® IT19; Glucidex® IT21 Glucidex® IT29; Glucidex® IT33; Glucidex® IT38; Glucidex® IT47; Glucose, liquid bulking agent, dry beverage mixes: sports/oral rehydration CNP RSSHM; CNP RSSRD bulking agent, dry mixes Glucodry 210 G; Maldex 150; Maldex 180; Maldex G 180; Maltrin® M100 Maltrin® M700; Star-Dri® 1005A; Star-Dri® 1015A bulking agent, dry-mix salad dressings Cargill Dry MD 01913 bulking agent, dry roasted nuts Sorbogem™ bulking agent, dry sauces Glucidex 12 D; Glucidex 17 D; Glucidex 19 D bulking agent, dry soups Glucidex 12 D; Glucidex 17 D; Glucidex 19 D; Glucidex® IT6; Glucidex® IT8 Glucidex® IT12; Glucidex® IT19; Glucidex® IT21; Glucidex® IT29; Glucidex® IT33 Glucidex® IT38; Glucidex® IT47; Glucose, liquid bulking agent, extruded snacks CrystaLean® bulking agent, fillings Polydextrose; Sorbogem™ bulking agent, flavored syrups Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 bulking agent, food Cellulose; Corn maltodextrin; Ethylcellulose; Inulin; Isomalt Jerusalem artichoke flour; JustFiber® BF200 FCC; JustFiber® BF200; JustFiber® BFC 40; JustFiber® BVF 65 FCC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

JustFiber® BVF 200 FCC; JustFiber® C10CL; JustFiber® C100FCC; Lactitol; Litesse® Litesse® II; Litesse® Ultra™; Malta*Gran® 18 M; Maltodextrin; Maltose Maltrin® M100; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Maltrin® M700; Maltrin® QD M600 D-Mannitol; Methylcellulose; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; NutraFiber® NF 40 NutraFiber® NF 200; NutraFiber® NF 300; Polydextrose; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Rice syrup solids; Sodium lactate Solka-Floc®; Solka-Floc® 40 NF; Sorbifin®; Sorbogem™; Sturcal® H PCC Sturcal® L PCC; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601 Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 bulking agent, frosting Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10; Polydextrose; Rice*Trin® 16 bulking agent, frozen dairy desserts Polydextrose bulking agent, frozen desserts Cargill Dry MD 01918; Litesse®; Litesse® II; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 Sorbogem™; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 bulking agent, frozen foods Maltrin® M100 bulking agent, fruit-based prods. PenTexture® 300 bulking agent, fruit fillings Star-Dri® 200 bulking agent, fruit leathers Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 bulking agent, fruit pie fillings Methylcellulose

2172

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference bulking agent, fruit preps. Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC bulking agent, gelatin Polydextrose bulking agent, glaze mixes Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10 bulking agent, glazes Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 bulking agent, gravies Redisol® 248; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; StarDri® 1005A bulking agent, gravy mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01925; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 bulking agent, hard candy Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 bulking agent, hard/soft candy Polydextrose bulking agent, health food capsules Jerusalem artichoke flour bulking agent, health food tablets Jerusalem artichoke flour bulking agent, high carbohydrate drinks Cargill Dry MD 01956 bulking agent, high-flavored mixes Maltrin® M700 bulking agent, home brew kits CNP RSSHM; CNP RSSRD bulking agent, ice cream Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611 Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601 Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 bulking agent, icing mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 bulking agent, icings Cargill Dry MD 01918; Sorbogem™ bulking agent, infant formulas Cargill Dry MD 01913 bulking agent, jams Star-Dri® 200 bulking agent, jarred baby foods Glucidex 12 D; Glucidex 17 D; Glucidex 19 D bulking agent, juices Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bulking agent, lite prods. Litesse®; Litesse® II bulking agent, low-calorie/artificially sweetened dry mixes N-Zorbit® M bulking agent, low-calorie: confectionery Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic bulking agent, low-calorie food Lactitol bulking agent, low-calorie foods Alpha Cellulose, Powdered BH 200; StaLite® 370; Sta-Lite® III; Sta-Lite® III F; StaLite® III WS bulking agent, low-calorie: high-fiber mixes Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic bulking agent, low-calorie: liquid beverages Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic bulking agent, low-calorie mixes Maltrin® M700 bulking agent, low-fat food Lactitol; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 bulking agent, milk-gel instant puddings Redisol® 248 bulking agent, milk powders Glucidex 12 D; Glucidex 17 D; Glucidex 19 D bulking agent, nondairy prods. Maltrin® M100 bulking agent, nonfat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 bulking agent, nonnutritive: food Microcrystalline cellulose bulking agent, nonnutritive: tablets Microcrystalline cellulose bulking agent, nut coatings Cargill Dry GL™ 01925 bulking agent, nutritional beverages Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Star-Dri® 1005A; Star-Dri® 1015A 2173

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference bulking agent, nutritional foods CrystaLean® bulking agent, nutritional formulas Cargill Dry MD 01913 bulking agent, pasta Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 bulking agent, pastries Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 bulking agent, peanut butter Cargill Dry GL™ 01925 bulking agent, pizza sauces PenTexture® 300 bulking agent, protein beverages Rice syrup solids bulking agent, puddings Maltodextrin bulking agent, pulp prods. PenTexture® 300 bulking agent, reduced-calorie foods Polydextrose; Sta-Lite® 370; Sta-Lite® III; Sta-Lite® III F; Sta-Lite® III WS bulking agent, reduced-fat foods Cargill Dry MD 01956 bulking agent, salad dressings Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Polydextrose; Rice*Trin® 16; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 bulking agent, sauce mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01925; Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01918; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 bulking agent, sauces Glucidex® IT6; Glucidex® IT8; Glucidex® IT12; Glucidex® IT19; Glucidex® IT21 Glucidex® IT29; Glucidex® IT33; Glucidex® IT38; Glucidex® IT47; Glucose, liquid Redisol® 248; Rice*Trin® 16; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Star-Dri® 1005A bulking agent, seasonings Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 bulking agent, snack dips Redisol® 248

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

bulking agent, snack food coatings Cargill Dry GL™ 01925 bulking agent, snack foods Maltrin® M100; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Rice*Trin® 16; Tabulose® 101 Tabulose® 102 bulking agent, soup mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01925; Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01918; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10 bulking agent, soups Rice*Trin® 16; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic bulking agent, spaghetti sauces PenTexture® 300 bulking agent, spice blends Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01918; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Glucidex® IT6 Glucidex® IT8; Glucidex® IT12; Glucidex® IT19; Glucidex® IT21; Glucidex® IT29 Glucidex® IT33; Glucidex® IT38; Glucidex® IT47; Glucose, liquid; Star-Dri® 1005A bulking agent, spices Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 bulking agent, sport drinks Maldex 150; Maldex 180; Maldex G 180 bulking agent, spray-dried encapsulated flavor oils Cargill Dry MD 01960 bulking agent, spray-dried foods Maltrin® M100 bulking agent, spreads Redisol® 248 bulking agent, sugar-free chewing gum Xylitol CFP bulking agent, sugar-free drink mixes Corn maltodextrin bulking agent, sugar-free food Lactitol bulking agent, surimi Sorbogem™ bulking agent, table-top sweeteners Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC bulking agent, tea mixes Malta*Gran® 10 bulking agent, tomato paste PenTexture® 300 bulking agent, tomato sauces PenTexture® 300 butter flavor enhancer, butter sauces Tapioca dextrin 2174

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference butter substitute Gold n Flavor® 105-100 Bakers Roll-in Margarine butter substitute, bakery fillings Gold n Flavor® 105-090 Bakers Margarine butter substitute, bakery prods. Gold n Flavor® 105-090 Bakers Margarine B vitamin source Yeast extract calcium fortifier, baked goods Sturcal® F PCC calcium fortifier, beverages Puracal® PP/FCC; Sturcal® F PCC calcium fortifier, cereals Sturcal® F PCC calcium fortifier, dairy prods. Gadophit calcium fortifier, dietary supplements Omya-Cal FG 4-AZ; Omya-Cal FG 6-AZ; Omya-Cal FG 10-AZ; Omya-Cal FG 15-AZ calcium fortifier, food Calcium carbonate; Omya-Cal FG 4-AZ; Omya-Cal FG 6-AZ; Omya-Cal FG 10-AZ; Omya-Cal FG 15-AZ Puracal® PP/USP calcium fortifier, granola bars Sturcal® F PCC calcium fortifier, juices Puracal® PP/FCC calcium fortifier, milk Sturcal® F PCC calcium fortifier, powd. drinks Puracal® PP/FCC calcium fortifier, probiotics Sturcal® F PCC calcium fortifier, snack bars Sturcal® F PCC calcium fortifier, soymilk Sturcal® F PCC calcium fortifier, soy prods. Gadophit calcium fortifier, yogurts Sturcal® F PCC calcium source, baked goods CalEssence® 300 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 450 Enhanced Purity; TruCal® D7 calcium source, baking powder Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 166

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

calcium source, beverage powders Instant Calcium calcium source, beverages Calcium gluconate; CalEssence® 70 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 80 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 160 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 1500 Enhanced Purity Gadocal+; VersaCal™ DA calcium source, breads Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 166 calcium source, breakfast cereals Lactoval® calcium source, calcium-enriched dairy prods. TruCal® D7 calcium source, calcium fortified drinks Lactoval® HiCal; Lactoval® HiCal micronized calcium source, calcium-fortified drinks Lactoval® calcium source, calcium-fortified foods CalEssence® 70 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 80 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 160 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 300 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 450 Enhanced Purity CalEssence® 1500 Enhanced Purity calcium source, calcium-fortified soy milk Multifex-MM™ calcium source, canned vegetables Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 166 calcium source, cereals Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 166 calcium source, citrus flavored applics. Gadocal+ calcium source, cocoa powder Instant Calcium calcium source, coffee whiteners Instant Calcium calcium source, dairy prods. CalEssence® 70 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 80 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 160 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 1500 Enhanced Purity; Instant Calcium 2175

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference calcium source, dietary supplements Calcium Carbonate 2927 Extra Heavy; Calcium Carbonate 2928 Ultra Heavy; Calcium Carbonate BC 300 Light; Calcium Carbonate BC 2924 Extra Light; Calcium Carbonate BC 2925 Medium Calcium Carbonate BC 2926 Light; Calcium Carbonate Purified 2923 Heavy; HuberCal 150 Elite; HuberCal 150 FG; HuberCal 250 FG HuberCal 500 FG; Lactoval®; Lactoval® HiCal; Lactoval® HiCal micronized calcium source, diet beverages TruCal® D7 calcium source, dietetic foods Calcium gluconate calcium source, dry beverage mixes Multifex-MM™ calcium source, enriched flours Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 166 calcium source, fermented milk prods. Lactoval® calcium source, flavor fortified children's milk Multifex-MM™ calcium source, food 2X Regular Paniplus®; Albrite® Dicalcium Phosphate; Calcium caprylate; Calcium gluconate; Calcium Sulfate BC 164 Calcium Sulfate BC 166; Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Gadocal Gold; Gadolin Calcium; Gado Multimin HuberCal 150 Elite; HuberCal 150 FG; HuberCal 250 FG; HuberCal 500 FG; Instant Calcium Sturcal® H PCC; VersaCal™ DA calcium source, food fortification Calci-Press™ MD calcium source, food supplements COWCIUM® Natural Milk Calcium FG calcium source, formed goods CalEssence® 300 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 450 Enhanced Purity calcium source, geriatric patient food Caliment® Dicalcium Phosphate Milled calcium source, health foods Instant Calcium calcium source, high-calcium cow's milk Multifex-MM™ calcium source, imitation cheeses EM 9N Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

calcium source, infant foods Caliment® Dicalcium Phosphate Milled calcium source, infant formulas Multifex-MM™ calcium source, instant baby food powders Instant Calcium calcium source, instant puddings Instant Calcium calcium source, invalid foods Caliment® Dicalcium Phosphate Milled calcium source, isotonic beverages TruCal® D7 calcium source, jellies Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 166 calcium source, juices Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 166 calcium source, liquid meals Multifex-MM™ calcium source, liquid yogurts Multifex-MM™ calcium source, milk shakes Lactoval® calcium source, nutrition Calcium phytate calcium source, nutritional beverages EM 9N calcium source, nutritional supplements A-TAB®; Calci-Press™ MD; CalEssence® 70 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 80 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 160 Enhanced Purity CalEssence® 300 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 450 Enhanced Purity; CalEssence® 1500 Enhanced Purity; Improved Paniplus M; TruCal® D7 calcium source, nutritional supplement tablets COWCIUM® Natural Milk Calcium FG calcium source, nutrition bars TruCal® D7 calcium source, powdered dietetic prods. EM 9N calcium source, preserves Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 166 calcium source, processed cheeses EM 9N 2176

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference calcium source, processed meat prods. EM 9N calcium source, processed poultry prods. EM 9N calcium source, protein bars EM 9N calcium source, smoothie drinks Multifex-MM™ calcium source, soup powders Instant Calcium calcium source, sports beverages Lactoval®; Lactoval® HiCal; Lactoval® HiCal micronized; TruCal® D7 calcium source, sports powder drinks Instant Calcium calcium source, tabletop sweeteners Instant Calcium calcium source, tablets Lactoval®; Lactoval® HiCal; Lactoval® HiCal micronized calcium source, yeast food Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 166 calcium supplement, cake mixes Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex; Micro-White® 50 Codex; MicroWhite® 100 Codex calcium supplement, cereals Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex; Micro-White® 50 Codex; MicroWhite® 100 Codex calcium supplement, chewing gum Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex; Micro-White® 50 Codex; MicroWhite® 100 Codex calcium supplement, crackers Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex; Micro-White® 50 Codex; MicroWhite® 100 Codex calcium supplement, dairy prods. Galaxium calcium supplement, diet drinks Galaxium calcium supplement, flour Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex; Micro-White® 50 Codex; MicroWhite® 100 Codex calcium supplement, food Calcium malate; Galaxium; Galaxium Pentahydrate Powder; Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Micro-White® 50 Codex; Micro-White® 100 Codex; Py-ran® calcium supplement, health food Galaxium calcium supplement, sports drinks Galaxium calorie reducer, breads Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 500 calorie reducer, dressings Sta-Slim™ 150 calorie reducer, fried snacks Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 calorie reducer, gravies Sta-Slim™ 150 calorie reducer, low-fat baked goods Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 calorie reducer, meat prods. Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 calorie reducer, nutritional bars Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 calorie reducer, pasta Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 calorie reducer, sauces Sta-Slim™ 150 calorie reducer, soups Sta-Slim™ 150 calorie source, dietary supplements Aldo® MCT calorie source, food Aldo® MCT KFG; Aldo® MCT Special KFG glazing agent/polishing agent, candy Beeswax caprylic acid source, food supplements Magnesium caprylate caramelization aid, caramel Ammonium sulfite; Sulfurous acid carbohydrate complex, food Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ carbohydrate, digestible: food D-Gluconic acid carbohydrate source 1,6-Anhydro-D-glucose carbohydrate source, fermentation: brewing Clearsweet® 99 Refined Liquid Dextrose carbohydrate source, fermentation: food Clearsweet® 99 Refined Liquid Dextrose carbonation agent, carbonated beverages Carbon dioxide carbonation agent, food Carbon dioxide carbon dioxide generation aid, frozen doughs AMG 800 BG 2177

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference carrier Avebe SPG 20; Meritena 100; Star-Dri® 150; Star-Dri® 240; Zeofree® 80 Zeosyl® 110SD carrier, aroma: baked goods Acetyl methyl carbinol; Diacetyl carrier, aroma: beverages Diacetyl carrier, aroma: candy Acetyl methyl carbinol; Diacetyl carrier, aroma: chewing gum Diacetyl carrier, aroma: cottage cheeses Acetyl methyl carbinol carrier, aroma: food Acetyl methyl carbinol; Diacetyl carrier, aroma: gelatin Acetyl methyl carbinol carrier, aroma: ice cream Acetyl methyl carbinol; Diacetyl carrier, aroma: ices Acetyl methyl carbinol carrier, aroma: margarine Acetyl methyl carbinol; Diacetyl carrier, aroma: nonalcoholic beverages Acetyl methyl carbinol carrier, aroma: puddings Acetyl methyl carbinol; Diacetyl carrier, aroma: shortening Acetyl methyl carbinol; Diacetyl carrier, artificial sweeteners Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Maltrin® M510 carrier, baked goods Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 00; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 carrier, bakery prods. Avebe MD 20; Maltrin® M100 carrier, bakery product flavors Tricaprylin carrier, beer Corn syrup; Standard Super-Cel carrier, beverages Corn syrup; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600-30 carrier, biscuits Avebe MD 20 carrier, bleaching agents Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Terra Alba carrier, cake mixes Sipernat® 50

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carrier, candy Maltodextrin carrier, cereal flours X-Pand'R® carrier, cheese powders X-Pand'R® carrier, cheese sauces Corn maltodextrin carrier, chewing gum Calcium citrate carrier, citric acid/oil Trilaurylamine carrier, clear coat batters: meat Mazaca® 3543X; PenCling® 9172; PenCrisp® 905 carrier, clear coat batters: meat analogs Mazaca® 3543X; PenCling® 9172; PenCrisp® 905 carrier, clear coat batters: poultry Mazaca® 3543X; PenCling® 9172; PenCrisp® 905 carrier, clear coat batters: vegetables Mazaca® 3543X; PenCling® 9172; PenCrisp® 905 carrier, clinical nutrition Capmul® MCM; Captex® 200P; Captex® 300; Captex® 350; Captex® 355 EP/NF Captex® 355; Captex® 1000 carrier, colors Captex® 1000; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; DREWPOL 3-5CC; NEOBEE® 895; Sucrose fatty acid esters Tricaprin carrier, colors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate carrier, condensed goods Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose EPG 70 carrier, confectionery Maltrin® M100 carrier, confectionery hard gums Glucidex 6 D carrier, cookie fillings Maltrin® M520 carrier, cookies Avebe MD 20 carrier, corn popping Pureco® 76 carrier, crackers Avebe MD 20; Maltodextrin carrier, dietary food Tricaprylin 2178

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference carrier, dietetic prods. Miglyol® 810; Miglyol® 812; Miglyol® 840 carrier, diet prods. Avebe SPG 30; Epikuron™ 130; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600-30 carrier, drier (nonbrowning): sensitive prods. Maltrin® M040; Maltrin® M050 carrier, dry beverage mixes for sports/oral rehydration CNP RSSHM; CNP RSSRD carrier, dry blends Maltrin® M520 carrier, dry mixes Magnesium carbonate; Maltrin® M100; Maltrin® M510; Maltrin® M700 carrier, dry-prep. colors Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12 carrier/encapsulating agent, food Acetylated distarch glycerol; Sodium pectinate carrier, encapsulation: flavor oils TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder carrier, enriched diet beverages Vivapur® 105 carrier, essential oils Captex® 355; Captex® 800; Captex® 8000; DREWPOL 3-5-CC; Mazol® PGO-104 K NEOBEE® 895; Propylene glycol dioctanoate; Tricaprylin carrier, extruded goods Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 carrier, fats: oil soluble Star-Dri® 1005A carrier, fat-soluble antioxidants Sucrose fatty acid esters carrier, fish Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose LC 200 carrier, flavor: home brew kits CNP RSSRD carrier, flavorings Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose EPG 70; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 00 carrier, flavor: nut coatings Rice maltodextrin carrier, flavor oils Maltrin® M700 carrier, flavor oils: food Isocetyl alcohol

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carrier, flavors BGL™ 355; Calcium citrate; Capmul® MCM; Capmul® MCMC8; Capmul® MCMC10 Caprylic/capric/linoleic triglyceride; Caprylic/capric/oleic triglyceride; Captex® 200; Captex® 355; Captex® 800 Captex® 810D; Captex® 1000; Captex® 8000; Captex® 8227; Ceraphyl® ICA Citrofol® AI; DextriPlus™ HSPR05; DextriPlus™ HSPR18; DREWPOL 3-5-CC; Durkex 100BHA Durkex 500; Durkex™ NT 100; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3580 MCT Oil; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577 Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579; Glucidex® IT6; Glucidex® IT8; Glucidex® IT12; Glucidex® IT19 Glucidex® IT21; Glucidex® IT29; Glucidex® IT33; Glucidex® IT38; Glucidex® IT47 Glucose, liquid; Isopropyl myristate; Lexol® GT-865; Lexol® PG-800; Maltodextrin Mazol® PGO-104 K; NEOBEE® 895; NEOBEE® 1053; NEOBEE® M-5; Polyglyceryl-10 trioleate Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate; Propylene glycol dioctanoate; Rice*Trin® 16; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic FCC/NF Powder; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic NF/USP Powder Tricaprin; Trioctanoin; Triundecanoin carrier, flavors: bakery mixes Star-Dri® 1 carrier, flavors: batters Star-Dri® 10 carrier, flavors: beverage mixes Star-Dri® 15 carrier, flavors: chewing gum Leciprime™ 1500 carrier, flavors: confectionery Star-Dri® 15; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic Pre-Hydrated® carrier, flavors: dairy desserts Star-Dri® 5; Star-Dri® 10; Star-Dri® 15; StarDri® 18 carrier, flavors: dry beverage mixes: sports/oral rehydration CNP RSSHM; CNP RSSRD carrier, flavors: dry mixes Green Banana Powder Trogreen Trobana® carrier, flavors: extruded bars CNP BRSHMCL; CNP BRSSHM; CNP BRSSHMCL 2179

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference carrier, flavors: extruded confectionery CNP BRSHMCL; CNP BRSSHM; CNP BRSSHMCL carrier, flavors: food Alpha Cellulose, Powdered BH 200; Rice maltodextrin; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic Pre-Hydrated® carrier, flavors: frostings Star-Dri® 5 carrier, flavors: granola coatings Rice maltodextrin carrier, flavors: hard candies CNP BRSHMCL; CNP BRSSHM; CNP BRSSHMCL carrier, flavors: home brew kits CNP BRSHMCL; CNP BRSSHM; CNP BRSSHMCL; CNP RSSHM carrier, flavors: liquid formulations Green Banana Powder Trogreen Trobana® carrier, flavors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate carrier, flavors: oil-soluble Star-Dri® 1005A carrier, flavor: soups TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic PreHydrated® carrier, flavor: sports beverages Rice maltodextrin carrier, flavor: sugar fondants Star-Dri® 10 carrier, flavor systems: seasonings Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 500 carrier, food Acetylated distarch phosphate; Benol®; Blandol®; Britol® 6NF; Britol® 7NF Britol® 9NF; Britol® 20USP; Britol® 35USP; Britol® 50USP; Corn maltodextrin Corn syrup; Eastman® Propionic Acid, Food Grade, Kosher; Gloria®; Glucidex 9; Hubersorb® 600 Hubersorb® 5121; Magnesium carbonate; Magnesium Carbonate 309-S Light; Magnesium Carbonate 320-S Heavy; Magnesium Carbonate 321 Maltodextrin; Maltrin® M700; Maltrin® M100; Maltrin® M510; Maltrin® QD M550 Maltrin® QD M600; Microcrystalline cellulose; Penreco Snow; Penreco Ultima; Rice syrup solids Rudol®; SiLCRON® G-100; SiLCRON® G100T; SiLCRON® G-600; SiLCRON® G-601

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

SiLCRON® G-650; SiLCRON® G-910; Silica; Sipernat® 50 carrier, food antioxidants Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides carrier, food ingreds. Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3580 MCT Oil; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577; Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579; Malta*Gran® 10 carrier, food processing Eastman® Glacial Acetic Acid Food Grade, Kosher; Protol®; Protopet® Alba; Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® White 2L Protopet® White 3C; Protopet® Yellow 2A carrier, food vitamins Captex® 200 carrier, fragrance encapsulation Crystal Tex™ 627; Tapioca dextrin carrier, fragrance oils Captex® 200; Isocetyl alcohol carrier, fragrances Capmul® MCM; Capmul® MCMC8; Capmul® MCMC10; Caprylic/capric/linoleic triglyceride; Caprylic/capric/oleic triglyceride Captex® 355; Captex® 810D; Captex® 1000; Captex® 8227; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575 Estasan™ GT 8-60 3580 MCT Oil; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577; Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579; Glucidex® IT6; Glucidex® IT8 Glucidex® IT12; Glucidex® IT19; Glucidex® IT21; Glucidex® IT29; Glucidex® IT33 Glucidex® IT38; Glucidex® IT47; Glucose, liquid; Lexol® PG-800; Triundecanoin carrier, frostings Corn maltodextrin; Maltrin® M520 carrier, frozen foods Maltrin® M100 carrier, fruit/vegetable coatings Penreco Snow carrier, fruit/vegetable coatings Penreco Ultima carrier, general purpose food applics. Pureco® 76 carrier, glaze mixes Corn maltodextrin carrier, grated cheese Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 carrier, gravies Vivapur® 105 carrier, ground cheeses Vivapur® 101 2180

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference carrier, health foods Avebe SPG 30 carrier, high fat seasoning Sipernat® 50 carrier, high-flavored mixes Maltrin® M700 carrier, home brew kits CNP RSSHM; CNP RSSRD carrier, icing Maltrin® M520 carrier, infant foods Avebe SPG 30 carrier, infant formulas Captex® 300; Captex® 350; Captex® 355; Captex® 1000; Pureco® 76 Tricaprin carrier, instant desserts Avebe MD 20 carrier, instant foods Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600-30; Vivapur® 101 carrier, instant sauces Vivapur® 105 carrier, iron Lactoferrin carrier, lipase enzyme preps. Diatomaceous earth, amorphous carrier, low-calorie mixes Maltrin® M700 carrier, low-moisture food systems Maltrin® M520 carrier, meat Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose LC 200 carrier, meat packing Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® Yellow 2A carrier, mellorine Pureco® 76 carrier, nonaq. liquids Maltrin® M700 carrier, nondairy prods. Maltrin® M100 carrier, nutritional applics. Captex® 300 EP/NF; Captex® 810D; Caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride; Caprylic/capric/linoleic triglyceride; Imwitor® 988 ; Tricaprylin; Witafrol® 7420 carrier, nutritional beverages Corn maltodextrin carrier, nutritional fluids NEOBEE® M-5

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carrier, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® MCM; Captex® 350; Captex® 1000; Pureco® 76 carrier, nutritional supplements Captex® 200P; Epikuron™ 130; Tricaprin carrier, nut roasting Pureco® 76 carrier, oil-soluble colors Star-Dri® 1005A carrier, oil-soluble emulsifiers Star-Dri® 1005A carrier, pail coating Pureco® 76 carrier, panades Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 carrier, pasta Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 carrier, peanut butter X-Pand'R® carrier, potassium: cake mixes Potassium D-gluconate carrier, potassium: dietetic food Potassium D-gluconate carrier, potassium: dry-mix beverages Potassium D-gluconate carrier, potassium: dry-mix desserts Potassium D-gluconate carrier, potassium: food Potassium D-gluconate carrier, potassium: tripe Potassium D-gluconate carrier, powdered food specialties Maltrin® M510 carrier, powdered sugar Maltrin® M520 carrier, powdered food specialties Maltrin® M150 carrier, powdered mixes Epikuron™ 130 carrier, powdered specialties Maltrin® M180 carrier, protein beverages Rice syrup solids carrier, puddings Maltodextrin carrier, seasonings Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #9; Engevita® Bland; Engevita® Fortified B; Engevita® Toasted Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Maltrin® M510; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose EPG 70; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 2181

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R80R Flour; Vivapur® 101 carrier, snack foods Maltrin® M100 carrier, soft drinks Corn syrup carrier, soluble colorants Captex® 200; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate carrier, soup mixes Corn maltodextrin carrier, soups Vivapur® 105 carrier, soy protein X-Pand'R® carrier, spices Maltrin® M520; Sipernat® 50 carrier, sports supplements Captex® 355; Tricaprin carrier, spray coatings Aldo® MCT KFG carrier, spray-dried flavor encapsulation Crystal Tex™ 627; Tapioca dextrin carrier, spray-dried flavors TIC Pretested® Arabic FT-1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Pre-Hydrated®; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder carrier, spray-dried foods Maltrin® M100 carrier, spray-dried prods. K4484 carrier, spray-drying applics. Maldex 150; Maldex 180 carrier, sugar-free drink mixes Corn maltodextrin carrier, table salt Magnesium carbonate carrier, tablets Epikuron™ 130; Microcrystalline cellulose carrier, tonics Epikuron™ 130 carrier, vegetable oils Maltrin® M700 carrier, vegetable powders X-Pand'R® carrier, vitamin B12: special dietary food Methacrylic acid-divinylbenzene copolymer

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

carrier, vitamins Captex® 1000; DREWPOL 3-5-CC; Lexol® PG-800; NEOBEE® 895; NEOBEE® 1053 NEOBEE® M-5; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate; Propylene glycol dioctanoate; Tricaprin carrier, vitamins: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate casein phospho peptide source, functional foods CE 90 GMM casein phospho peptide source, health foods CE 90 GMM catalyst, ammoniated caramel Ammonium bisulfite catalyst, boiler water additive: food contact Cobalt sulfate (ous) catalyst, cocoa butter substitute: from palm oil Trifluoromethane sulfonic acid catalyst, hydrolysis: sucrose-to-fructose Invertase catalyst, hydrolysis: sucrose-to-glucose Invertase catalyst, isomerization: oils/fats Potassium t-butylate; Potassium methoxide; Sodium ethylate; Sodium methylate catalyst, oil/fat hydrogenation Nickel catalyst, solvent hydrogenation: beer-making hops Palladium catalyst, sucrose-to-invert sugar conversion Potassium citrate catalyst, transesterification: oils/fats Potassium t-butylate; Potassium methoxide; Sodium ethylate; Sodium methylate catalyst, transesterification: rendered animal fats Sodium amide cation exchange resin, cane sugar refining Diaion® WK10 cation exchange resin, citric acid processing: food processing Amberlite™ FPC23 H cation exchange resin, concentrate sugar stream demineralization: food processing Amberlite™ FPC23 H

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference cation exchange resin, lactic acid processing: food processing Amberlite™ FPC23 H checking inhibitor, noodles Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 checking inhibitor, pasta Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 chelating agent Anhydrous Citric Acid chelating agent, dairy prods. Sodium gluconate chelating agent, dietetic prods. Sodium gluconate chelating agent, fats/oils: color stability Citric acid monohydrate chelating agent, fats/oils: flavor stability Citric acid monohydrate chelating agent, food Calcium disodium EDTA; Citric acid; Disodium EDTA; Methyl-α-cyclodextrin; Methyl-β-cyclodextrin Methyl-γ-cyclodextrin; Sodium gluconate; Starch chelating agent, heavy metals: animal fat processing Inositol-hexaphosphoric acid chelating agent, heavy metals: vegetable oil processing Inositol-hexaphosphoric acid chelating agent, meat prods. Sodium gluconate chelating agent, meat Citric acid monohydrate chelating agent, metal catalyzed oxidative breakdown: beverages Versene™ CA; Versene NA chelating agent, metal-catalyzed oxidative breakdown: food Versene™ CA; Versene NA chelating agent, oils Morflex® MSC chelating agent, seafood Citric acid monohydrate chewability improver, caramels Aldo® MS KFG; Maldex 150; Maldex 180 chewability improver, chewing gum Aldo® MS KFG chewability improver, chews Maldex 150; Maldex 180 chewability promoter, chewing gum Polyaldo® HGDS KFG

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

chewiness agent, candy bars BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 28DE chewiness enhancer, bars BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 42DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 42DE chillproofing agent, beer Britesorb® A 100; Britesorb® D300 Beer Stabilizer; Britesorb® D300CE Beer Stabilizer; Bromelain; Papain Silica chillproofing agent, malt beverages Silica chlorine source, food processing NKC-620 DCCNA; Sodium dichloroisocyanurate chocolate substitute Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum choline source Alcolec® BS; Alcolec® F-100; Alcolec® FF100; Alcolec® Granules; Alcolec® S choline source, dietetics Epikuron™ 130 choline source, nutritional supplements Epikuron™ 130 choline source, powd. mixes Epikuron™ 130 choline source, tablets Epikuron™ 130 choline source, tonics Epikuron™ 130 citric acid substitute Gadocal+ clarifier, aq. food systems Purity® HPC clarifier, baking mixes Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate clarifier, beer Bromelain; Cellulose; Crospovidone; Divergan® F; Plasdone® C-15 Plasdone® C-30; Plasdone® K-25; Plasdone® K-29/32; Plasdone® K-90; PVP Silica, hydrated; Tannic acid; Vee Gee Beef Hide Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Bone Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Calf Hydrolysate Gelatin Vee Gee Fish Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Porkskin Hydrolysate Gelatin clarifier: beer/wine/juices Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin

2183

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference clarifier, beverages Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Dimethylamine/epichlorohydrin copolymer; Divergan® F; Divergan® HM Instant Textra; Magnesium Carbonate 309-S Light; Magnesium Carbonate 320-S Heavy; Magnesium Carbonate 321 clarifier, bottled pickles Purity® HPC clarifier, cereals Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate clarifier, chocolate Textra® Plus clarifier, clear fruit juices Divergan® F clarifier, coffee Textra® Plus clarifier, confectionery PVP clarifier, cream fillings Purity® 69 clarifier, desserts Purity® W clarifier, distilled alcohol beverages Calcium disodium EDTA clarifier, dry mixes Textra® Plus clarifier, food Alpha Cellulose, Powdered BH 200; Ammonium alum; Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125 Clarit® 1100; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Gelatin; Hiflo®; Hiflo® Magnesium Carbonate 309-S Light; Magnesium Carbonate 320-S Heavy; Magnesium Carbonate 321; Propylene glycol; PVP Sodium caseinate; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins clarifier, frozen gravies Hiflo® clarifier, fruit fillings Purity® HPC clarifier, fruit juices Vee Gee Beef Hide Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Bone Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Calf Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Fish Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Porkskin Hydrolysate Gelatin clarifier, fruit pie fillings Purity® 69

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

clarifier, fruits PVP clarifier, gravies Purity® 69; Purity® W clarifier, gum PVP clarifier, health foods Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins clarifier, high-acid foods Purity® HPC clarifier, infant formulas Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate clarifier, juice fining Centura A Gelatin clarifier, juice production Vitiben® clarifier, juices Vee Gee 100 B clarifier, liqs.: food processing Clay BC 347; Clay BC 638; Colloidal Kaolin BC 825; Colloidal Kaolin BC 2457; Colloidal Kaolin BC 2747 Colloidal Kaolin BC 2749 clarifier, mineral concs. PVP clarifier, pasta prods. Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate clarifier, pot pies Hiflo® clarifier, puddings Purity® W clarifier, refinery sugar juice treatment Chloromethylated aminated styrenedivinylbenzene resin clarifier, relishes Purity® HPC clarifier, retorted foods Clearjel®; Purity® HPC clarifier, sauces Hiflo®; Instant Textra; Purity® 69; Purity® HPC clarifier, sausages Sodium caseinate clarifier, soups Purity® HPC; Purity® W; Sodium caseinate clarifier, sparkling wine stock Divergan® HM clarifier, stews Purity® W clarifier, sugar Potassium alum dodecahydrate

2184

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference clarifier, sugar beet processing Polyacrylic acid clarifier, sugar cane processing Polyacrylic acid clarifier, syrups Instant Textra clarifier, tableted nonnutritive sweeteners PVP clarifier, tea Textra® Plus clarifier, vegetable oil Inositol-hexaphosphoric acid clarifier, vinegar Albumen; Crospovidone; Dimethylamine/epichlorohydrin copolymer; Plasdone® C-15; Plasdone® C30 Plasdone® K-25; Plasdone® K-29/32; Plasdone® K-90; PVP clarifier, vitamin concs. PVP clarifier, wine Albumen; Bentonite; Crospovidone; Divergan® F; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate Kaolin; Magnesium caseinate; Plasdone® C-15; Plasdone® C-30; Plasdone® K-25 Plasdone® K-29/32; Plasdone® K-90; PVP; Silica; Silica, amorphous hydrated Silica gel; Stearic acid; Tannic acid; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT PreHydrated®; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd.; Vee Gee 100 B Vee Gee Beef Hide Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Bone Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Calf Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Fish Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Porkskin Hydrolysate Gelatin Vitiben® clarifier, wine fining Centura A Gelatin

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

clarifier, wine stock Divergan® HM cleaning agent, food SiLCRON® G-100; SiLCRON® G-600; SiLCRON® G-601; SiLCRON® G-650; SiLCRON® G-910 cleaning agent, froth flotation: vegetables C7-8 isoparaffin; C8-9 isoparaffin; C9-11 isoparaffin; C9-13 isoparaffin; C10-11 isoparaffin C11-12 isoparaffin; C11-13 isoparaffin; C1214 isoparaffin; C13-14 isoparaffin; C13-16 isoparaffin C20-40 isoparaffin; Drakesol® 165; Drakesol® 165AT; Drakesol® 205; Drakesol® 220 Drakesol® 260; Drakesol® 260 AT; Drakesol® 305; Mineral Spirits 066/3; Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated light Petroleum hydrocarbons, odorless, light; Special Naphtholite 66/3 cling agent, gravies Supercol® G2-S; Supercol® G3-S; Supercol® GF cling agent, sauces Supercol® G2-S; Supercol® G3-S; Supercol® GF clouding agent, baked goods Hydroxylated lecithin clouding agent, beet sugar Hydroxylated lecithin clouding agent, beverages Adocloud N-100; Caprol® PGE860; Complemix® 50; Complemix® 100; Glyceryl rosinate Hercules® Ester Gum 8BG; NEOBEE® 1053; NEOBEE® M-5; Polyglyceryl-10 trioleate; Santone® 8-1-O Sta-Mist® 7415 clouding agent, carbonated beverages Captex® CA; Sta-Mist® 7415 clouding agent, dry-mix beverages Hydroxylated lecithin clouding agent, flavor emulsions TIC Pretested® Aragum® 9000 M Powder clouding agent, food Complemix® 50; Complemix® 100; Hydrogenated coconut oil; Hydroxylated lecithin; Sta-Mist® 7415 clouding agent, food drinks SAIB-SG

2185

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference clouding agent, fruits Captex® CA clouding agent, juices Captex® CA clouding agent, margarine Hydroxylated lecithin clouding agent, natural juices Adocloud N-100 clouding agent, soft drinks Brominated soybean oil clouding agent, vitamins Liponate GC-K; Liponate PC clouding agent, yeast Hydroxylated lecithin cloud inhibitor, salad oils Plurol® Oleique CC 497; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate; Polyglyceryl-3 dioleate Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate; Polyglyceryl-6 distearate; Polyglyceryl-10 distearate; Polyglyceryl-6 hexaoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 laurate Polyglyceryl-10 myristate; Polyglyceryl-10 octaoleate; Polyglyceryl-2 oleate; Polyglyceryl-3 oleate; Polyglyceryl-4 oleate Polyglyceryl-6 oleate; Polyglyceryl-8 oleate; Polyglyceryl-10 oleate; Polyglyceryl-10 pentaoleate; Polyglyceryl-3 stearate Polyglyceryl-4 stearate; Polyglyceryl-8 stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate; Polyglyceryl-2 tetrastearate cloud inhibitor, vegetable oils Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate; Polyglyceryl10 decastearate; Polyglyceryl-3 dioleate; Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate Polyglyceryl-6 distearate; Polyglyceryl-10 distearate; Polyglyceryl-6 hexaoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 laurate; Polyglyceryl-10 myristate Polyglyceryl-10 octaoleate; Polyglyceryl-2 oleate; Polyglyceryl-3 oleate; Polyglyceryl-4 oleate; Polyglyceryl-6 oleate Polyglyceryl-8 oleate; Polyglyceryl-10 oleate; Polyglyceryl-10 pentaoleate; Polyglyceryl-3 stearate; Polyglyceryl-4 stearate Polyglyceryl-8 stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate; Polyglyceryl-2 tetrastearate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

coagulant SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40; SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 coagulant, beverages MingQiong Brand coagulant, canned food MingQiong Brand coagulant, fining/ clarification Vitiben® coagulant, food Egg White Solids Type P-110; Sol-U-Tein EA coagulant, ice cream MingQiong Brand coagulant, instant puddings Tetrasodium pyrophosphate coagulant, meat Nutrifos® 100 coagulant, meat prods. MingQiong Brand coagulant, milk Ficin coagulant, milk: cheesemaking Rennet coagulant, poultry Nutrifos® 100 coagulant, processed meats Nutrifos® 100 coagulant, seafood Nutrifos® 100 coagulant, sugar MingQiong Brand coagulant, tofu Gluconolactone; Magnesium chloride; Magnesium sulfate anhydrous coagulant, wine Magnesium caseinate coating agent Durkex 500; Durkex™ NT 100; Glucidex 6 D; Lamegin® EE 50; Lamegin® EE 70 Lamegin® EE 100; PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9 PEG-10; PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20 PEG-32; PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG150 PEG-180; Polyethylene glycol; Polyvinyl acetate coating agent, aerating agents Lamegin® EE Range coating agent, baked goods Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; 2186

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Glyceryl stearate; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil Sunmalt™ S coating agent,baked snacks Sweet'n'Neat® Oil Roast Honey Nut Coating coating agent, bakery prods. Corn (Zea mays) oil coating agent, cake mixes Maltrin® M200 coating agent, cake shortenings Glyceryl stearate coating agent, candy Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; LacGlaze 25E-N Lac-Glaze 32E; Lac-Glaze 32E-N; Rice (Oryza sativa) wax coating agent, citrus fruits Capric acid; Caprylic acid; Hydrogenated rosin; Myristic acid; 2-Octenal Oleic acid; Palmitic acid; Polyethylene glycol; Potassium persulfate; Propylene glycol alginate PVP; Rosin; Sodium decylbenzene sulfonate; Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; Sodium lauryl sulfate Sperm oil coating agent, coated food prods. BatterCrisp™ 05530 coating agent, coating chocolates Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N coating agent, coffee whiteners Maltrin® M200 coating agent, confectionery Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil; Shellac coating agent, cookie mixes Maltrin® M200 coating agent, cooking oils Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil coating agent, desserts Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Glyceryl stearate coating agent, egg shells Drakesol® 165; Drakesol® 165AT; Drakesol® 205; Drakesol® 220; Drakesol® 260 Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated light Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

coating agent,extruded snacks Sweet'n'Neat® Oil Roast Honey Nut Coating coating agent, fish fillets BatterCrisp™ 05530; BatterCrisp™ 90240 coating agent, fondants Maltrin® M200 coating agent, food Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; BatterCrisp™ 90240; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Corn (Zea mays) oil Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Glyceryl stearate; Imperial 400; Lac-Glaze 20E; LacGlaze 20E-N Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E; Lac-Glaze 32E-N; Lard Maltrin® M200; Methyl caprylate/caprate; Methyl cocoate; Methyl laurate; Methyl linoleate Methyl oleate; Methyl palmitate; Methyl soyate; Methyl stearate; Mineral Spirits 066/3 Oleic acid; Oleocal® ME-70; Oleocal® ME112; Oleocal® ME-130; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Rice (Oryza sativa) wax; Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil; Shellac Sodium oleate; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Special Naphtholite 66/3; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; Talc Tallow coating agent, food processing Imperial 400 coating agent, food tablets PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9; PEG-10 PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20; PEG-32 PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG-150; PEG180 Polyethylene glycol coating agent, French fries Cargill DrySet™ 07702; Hi-Set® C coating agent, fresh fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Rice (Oryza sativa) wax; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170 coating agent, fresh vegetables Rice (Oryza sativa) wax coating agent, fried food batters Cargill DrySet™ 07702 2187

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference coating agent, fried foods AmyloGel™ 03003 coating agent, frozen blueberries TIC Pretested® Colloid 911 Powder coating agent, frozen desserts Maltrin® M200 coating agent, frozen egg prods. Maltrin® M200 coating agent, fruits Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Drakeol® 13; Glyceryl stearate; LacGlaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E; Lac-Glaze 32E-N; Lamesorb® SMO-20 Penreco Amber; Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570; Triethanolamine coating agent, gelled confectionery Cerabeil White DAB coating agent, glazes Maltrin® M200 coating agent, gravies Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax coating agent, gum Shellac coating agent, health foods Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N coating agent, high starch batters BatterCrisp™ 05530 coating agent, ice cream Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate coating agent, icing powders Maltrin® M200 coating agent, juices Nutriloid® Gum Arabic coating agent, margarine Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Corn (Zea mays) oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil coating agent, marinated meats BatterCrisp™ 90240 coating agent, mayonnaise Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

coating agent, meat BatterCrisp™ 05530; Dynacet® 211P; Dynacet® 212P coating agent, meat prods. Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; G-038; G-002; G-508; Maltrin® M200 coating agent, meringue powders Maltrin® M200 coating agent, milk shakes Nutriloid® Gum Arabic coating agent, nut coatings Maltrin® M200 coating agent, nutritional supplement tablets Corn protein; Vege-Coat coating agent, nuts G-038; G-002; G-508; Glyceryl stearate coating agent,oil-roasted honey-coated nuts Sweet'n'Neat® Oil Roast Honey Nut Coating coating agent, onion rings BatterCrisp™ 05530; BatterCrisp™ 90240 coating agent, pastry glazes Cargill DrySet™ 07702 coating agent, peanut butter Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate coating agent, polishing: sugar-coated confectionery Mastercote FP 9002 coating agent, poultry BatterCrisp™ 05530; BatterCrisp™ 90240 coating agent, powd./liquid drinks Nutriloid® Gum Arabic coating agent, processed fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax coating agent, protective: citrus Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax coating agent, protective: eggs Drakeol® 7 coating agent, protective: food Drakeol® 7; Hydrobrite® 1000 coating agent, protective: fruits A-C® 316; A-C® 316A; A-C® 629; A-C® 629A; A-C® 655 A-C® 680; Drakeol® 7; Licowax PED 821 coating agent, protective: raw fruits Ecco Wax M-85; Ecco Wax MM-5; Koster Keunen Microcrystalline Waxes; Multiwax® 180-W; Multiwax® ML-445 Multiwax® W-445; Multiwax® W-835; Petrolatum; Pionier® 17106; Ross Wax #100 S-Maz® 60K; Synthetic wax; T-Maz® 60K

2188

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference coating agent, protective: raw fruits/vegetables Sorbitan 60 K coating agent, protective: raw vegetables Ecco Wax M-85; Ecco Wax MM-5; Koster Keunen Microcrystalline Waxes; Multiwax® 180-W; Multiwax® ML-445 Multiwax® W-445; Multiwax® W-835; Petrolatum; Pionier® 17106; Ross Wax #100 S-Maz® 60K; Synthetic wax; T-Maz® 60K coating agent, protective: vegetables A-C® 316; A-C® 316A; A-C® 629; A-C® 629A; A-C® 655 A-C® 680; Drakeol® 7; Licowax PED 821 coating agent, puddings Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate coating agent, rice Calcium silicate; Magnesium silicate coating agent, salad oil Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil coating agent, salad oils Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil coating agent, sauces Nutriloid® Gum Arabic coating agent, sausages Dynacet® 211P; Dynacet® 212P coating agent, scallops BatterCrisp™ 05530 coating agent, shell eggs Petroleum hydrocarbons, odorless, light coating agent, shortening Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Dynacet® 211P; Dynacet® 212P Glyceryl stearate; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil coating agent, shrimp BatterCrisp™ 05530; BatterCrisp™ 90240 coating agent, smooth glossy: baked goods Pure-Cote™ B790 NF coating agent, smooth glossy: confectionery Pure-Cote™ B790 NF coating agent, snack food/low-fat coatings Cargill DrySet™ 07702 coating agent, soft candy Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax coating agent, soups Nutriloid® Gum Arabic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

coating agent, sugar-coated confectionery Mastercote FP 9072 coating agent, sugar-free pan coatings Meritol 121; Meritol 130 coating agent, sunflower seeds Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Roast Honey Nut Coating; Sweet'n'Neat® Oil Roast Honey Nut Coating coating agent, tablet food supplements Shellac coating agent, toppings Dynacet® 211P; Dynacet® 212P coating agent, vegetables BatterCrisp™ 05530; BatterCrisp™ 90240; Drakeol® 13; Lamesorb® SMO-20; Penreco Amber Triethanolamine coating agent, vegetables/fruits Polysorbate 40 coating agent, whipped prods. Maltrin® M200 coating agent, whipped topping concs.: baked goods Lamegin® EE Range coating agent, whipped toppings Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate coating, baked snacks Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Roast Honey Nut Coating coating, citrus fruits Polyethylene wax; Vestowax® AO 3533 coating, dry-roasted honey-coated nuts Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Roast Honey Nut Coating coating, enteric: nutritional prods. Aquacoat® CPD; Cellulose acetate phthalate coating, extruded snacks Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Roast Honey Nut Coating coating fat Hydrogenated palm oil coating fat, bakery prods. Freedom™ 540; Freedom™ 905; Marbase 2209™ coating fat, citric acid Dynasan® P60; Hydrogenated tallow coating fat, confectionery CLSP 555; Freedom™ 540; Freedom™ 905; Freedom™ 910; Marbase 2209™

2189

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference coating fat, cookies Freedom™ 875 coating fat, donuts Freedom™ 875 coating fat, frozen desserts Freedom™ IC 600 coating fat, ice cream Freedom™ IC 600 coating fat, lauric: chocolate flavored confectionery coatings CLSP 499 coating fat, lauric: pastel confectionery coatings CLSP 499 coating fat, nutritional bars Freedom™ 540; Marbase 2209™ coating fat, salt Dynasan® P60; Hydrogenated tallow coating fat, snack cakes Freedom™ 875 coating fat, spices Dynasan® P60; Hydrogenated tallow coating, food TIC Pretested® Colloid Vegi-Film Powder coating, fruits Drakeol® 9 coating, pan Maltrin® M040 coating, protective: avocados Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: bananas Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: beets Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: cheeses Microcrystalline wax; Petroleum wax coating, protective: coconuts Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: eggplant Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: food Drakeol® 10; Drakeol® 10B; Drakeol® 13; Drakeol® 15; Drakeol® 19 Drakeol® 21; Drakeol® 34; Drakeol® 35; Drakeol® 350; Drakeol® 32 Draketex 50; Ervol®; Fonoline® White; Fonoline® Yellow; Hydrobrite® 300PO Kaydol®; Mineral Jelly No. 10; Mineral Jelly No. 14; Mineral Jelly No. 17; Ointment Base No. 4

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ointment Base No. 6; Penreco Amber; Penreco Blond; Penreco Cream; Penreco Lily Penreco Regent; Penreco Royal; Penreco Snow; Penreco Super; Penreco Ultima Perfecta®; Sonojell® No. 4; Sonojell® No. 9; Super White Fonoline®; Super White Protopet® coating, protective: fresh fruits Morpholine; Sucrose erucate coating, protective: fried foods Crisp Film® coating, protective: fruits Bareco® C-4040; Bareco® SP-200; Polyethylene; SC-5051; Sorbitan stearate Sucrose fatty acid esters coating, protective: fruits/vegs. Sodium succinate coating, protective: garlic Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: grapefruits Coumarone/indene resin; Paraffin; Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: lemons Coumarone/indene resin; Paraffin; Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: limes Coumarone/indene resin; Paraffin; Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: mangoes Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: nuts in shells Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: onions Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: oranges Coumarone/indene resin; Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: papayas Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: peas in pods Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: pineapples Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: pumpkins Polyethylene, oxidized coating, protective: raw fruits Microcrystalline wax; Petroleum wax coating, protective: raw vegetables Microcrystalline wax; Petroleum wax coating, protective: rutabaga Polyethylene, oxidized 2190

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference coating, protective: sweet potatoes Paraffin coating, protective: tangelos Coumarone/indene resin coating, protective: tangerines Coumarone/indene resin coating, protective: vegetables Bareco® C-4040; Bareco® SP-200; Polyethylene; SC-5051; Sorbitan stearate coating, protective: vitamin/mineral tablets Ethocel™ Standard 7 FP Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium coating, protective: watermelon Polyethylene, oxidized cocoa butter replacement, baked goods WECOBEE® FS cocoa butter replacement, confectionery coatings WECOBEE® FS cocoa butter replacement, dairy toppings WECOBEE® FS cocoa butter replacement, food WECOBEE® FS cocoa butter replacement, salad dressings WECOBEE® FS cocoa butter replacement, snack dips WECOBEE® FS cocoa butter substitute Hydrogenated vegetable oil cocoa butter substitute, baked goods WECOBEE® M; WECOBEE® S cocoa butter substitute, blocks CLSP 499; CLSP 555 cocoa butter substitute, caramels CLSP 499; CLSP 555 cocoa butter substitute, coffee whiteners CLSP 555; WECOBEE® M; WECOBEE® S cocoa butter substitute, compound coatings CLSP 499; CLSP 555 cocoa butter substitute, confectionery 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-stearin cocoa butter substitute, confectionery coatings CLSP 499; CLSP 555; WECOBEE® M; WECOBEE® S cocoa butter substitute, dairy toppings WECOBEE® M; WECOBEE® S Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cocoa butter substitute, filled bars CLSP 499; CLSP 555 cocoa butter substitute, food WECOBEE® M; WECOBEE® S cocoa butter substitute, frostings 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-stearin cocoa butter substitute, hollow figures CLSP 499; CLSP 555 cocoa butter substitute, pralines CLSP 499 cocoa butter substitute, salad dressings WECOBEE® M; WECOBEE® S cocoa butter substitute, shell moldings CLSP 499; CLSP 555 cocoa butter substitute, snack dips WECOBEE® M; WECOBEE® S cocoa butter substitute, soft candy coatings 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-stearin cocoa butter substitute, solid bars CLSP 499; CLSP 555 cocoa butter substitute, sweet sauces 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-stearin cocoa butter substitute, toffee CLSP 499; CLSP 555 cocoa butter substitute, whipped toppings WECOBEE® M; WECOBEE® S cocoa butter substitute, whipping powders CLSP 555 coemulsifier Cithrol GMO N/E; Emulfluid® E; Imwitor® 491 coemulsifier, baked goods Emulfluid® AS; Palm oil sucroglyceride coemulsifier, cake mixes Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Mazol® 300 K; Mazol® GMO K coemulsifier, cakes Aldo® PGME-90 KFG coemulsifier, food Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Cithrol GDO N/E; Cithrol GDO S/E; Cithrol GDS N/E; Cithrol GDS S/E Cithrol GML S/E; Cithrol GMS A/S; Cithrol GMS N/E; Cithrol GMS S/E; Cithrol PGML S/E Cithrol PGMO S/E; Glyceryl dioleate SE; Glyceryl distearate; Glyceryl distearate SE; Glyceryl laurate SE Glyceryl oleate SE; Glyceryl ricinoleate SE; Nonoxynol-12; Palm oil sucroglyceride; PEG-4 dioleate

2191

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Propylene glycol laurate; Propylene glycol laurate SE; Propylene glycol oleate; Propylene glycol oleate SE; Propylene glycol ricinoleate Propylene glycol ricinoleate SE; Propylene glycol stearate SE; S-Maz® 80K; S-Maz® 85K coemulsifier, high-heat systems Emulfluid® AS coemulsifier, o/w: coffee creamers DK Ester F-110; DK Ester F-160 coemulsifier, o/w: coffee whiteners DK Ester F-110; DK Ester F-160 coemulsifier, o/w: food Span® 40; Span® 60; Span® 60 Pharma Powder coemulsifier, o/w: frozen dairy desserts DK Ester F-110; DK Ester F-160 coemulsifier, o/w: milk drinks DK Ester F-110; DK Ester F-160 coemulsifier, o/w: whipped toppings DK Ester F-110; DK Ester F-160 coemulsifier, release agents Emulfluid® AS coemulsifier, shortening Aldo® PGME-90 KFG coemulsifier, whipped toppings Aldo® PGME-90 KFG coemulsifier, w/o: bread improvers Imwitor® 900 coemulsifier, w/o: ice cream Imwitor® 900 coemulsifier, w/o: margarine Imwitor® 900 coemulsifier, w/o: nutritional applics. Crossential® GMO coemulsifier, w/o: sausages Imwitor® 900 coffee substitute Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum cold processing agent Mira-Sperse® 622; Mira-Thik® 609; StaSlim™ 150 cold processing agent, bakery prods. Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Lo-Temp® 452; Mira-Sperse® 622 Mira-Thik® 609 cold processing agent, batters Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12 cold processing agent, breading Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cold processing agent, dairy prods. Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Merigel 100; Merigel 310 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Mira-Sperse® 622 Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470; StaSlim™ 150 cold processing agent, dressings Binasol™ 15; Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340; Merigel 341 Merigel 342; Merigel 347 cold processing agent, fruit fillings Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Merigel 340; Merigel 341 Merigel 342; Merigel 347 cold processing agent, fruit preps. Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Merigel 340; Merigel 341 Merigel 342; Merigel 347 cold processing agent, gravies Binasol™ 15; Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340; Merigel 341 Merigel 342; Merigel 347 cold processing agent, jams Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Merigel 340; Merigel 341 Merigel 342; Merigel 347 cold processing agent, prepared foods Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 347 cold processing agent, sauces Binasol™ 15; Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340; Merigel 341 Merigel 342; Merigel 347 cold processing agent, snack foods Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Lo-Temp® 452; Mira-Sperse® 622 Mira-Thik® 609 cold processing agent, soups Binasol™ 15; Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340; Merigel 341 Merigel 342; Merigel 347 colloid, bakery prods. Gumixan K; Gumixan KF colloid, beverages Gumixan K; Gumixan KF colloid, canned foods Gumixan K; Gumixan KF colloid, food Gumixan K; Gumixan KF colloid, frozen foods Gumixan K; Gumixan KF

2192

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference colloid, salad dressings Gumixan K; Gumixan KF colloid, sauces Gumixan K; Gumixan KF colloid, syrups Gumixan K; Gumixan KF colorant Acid Proof Caramel Powder; Cocoa Powder Black Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Dark Brown Alkalized; Lucarotin® 30 M; Lucarotin® 30 SUN Phaffia yeast colorant, acidulated carbonated beverages Double Strength Acid Proof Caramel Colour colorant, alcoholic beverages Carmacid R; Grape skin extract colorant, alcoholic drinks Saffron (Crocus sativus) colorant, ales Grape skin extract colorant, aperitif wines Amaranth colorant, aq. applics. Beta Carotene 1% CWS colorant, baby foods Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 colorant, baked goods Acid blue 9; AFC OWS 550; AFC WOS 550; AFC WS 445; AFC WS 890 AFC WS 4600P; Canthaxanthine; Caramel; FD&C Blue No. 1; FD&C Red No. 3 FD&C Yellow No. 5; FD&C Yellow No. 6; Goldex® II; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Petitgrain, lemon oil Saffron (Crocus sativus); Sethness AP100; Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115; Sethness SP50 Tartrazine; Veg-Con Carrot; Yellow Blend No. 3300 Powd. colorant, bakery prods. Norbixin; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-ORed® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG colorant, baking Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) colorant, beer Caramel colorant, beverage powders Beta Carotene 1% CWS colorant, beverages Acid blue 9; Acid blue 74; AFC AS 920; AFC OS 460; Annatto (Bixa orellana)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

β-Apo-8´-carotenal; Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF; Double Strength Acid Proof Caramel Colour; FD&C Blue No. 1 FD&C Blue No. 2; FD&C Green No. 3; FD&C Red No. 3; FD&C Red No. 40; FD&C Yellow No. 5 FD&C Yellow No. 6; Lucarotin® 10 CWD O; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Petitgrain, lemon oil Sethness AP100; Sethness OC90; Sethness OC234; Sethness P060; Sethness P212 Sethness RT80; Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115; Sethness SSC300; Sethness YT25 Tartrazine; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-ORed® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG; Veg-Con Carrot Veg-Con Green Bell Pepper; Veg-Dry Beet; Veg-Dry Carrot colorant, beverage supplements CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals colorant, biscuits Lucarotin® 10 CWD O colorant, blended whiskey Caramel colorant, breads Raisin juice concentrate colorant, breakfast cereals Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG colorant, breakfast sausages Acid red 1 colorant, brewing Malt colorant, broiler parts Canthaxanthine colorant, burger meats Acid red 1 colorant, butter Carotene; FD&C Yellow No. 5; Tartrazine colorant, cake mixes Beet powder; Beta Carotene 1% CWS colorant, cakes Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, candied cherries FD&C Red No. 3 colorant, candy Acid blue 9; Acid blue 74; Caramel; Carmine (Coccus cacti); FD&C Blue No. 1 FD&C Blue No. 2; FD&C Green No. 3; FD&C Red No. 3; FD&C Red No. 40; FD&C Yellow No. 5 2193

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference FD&C Yellow No. 6; Molasses (Saccharum officinarum); Petitgrain, lemon oil; Sethness AP100; Sethness RT120 Sethness SB115; Tartrazine; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, canned meat prods. Caramel colorant, caramel Glucose colorant, carbonated beverages Grape skin extract colorant, casings Chlorophyll; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, cat food Ferric oxide colorant, cereal foods Veg-Con Carrot colorant, cereals AFC WS 445; AFC WS 890; AFC WS 4600P; Annatto (Bixa orellana); FD&C Red No. 3 FD&C Red No. 40; FD&C Yellow No. 5; FD&C Yellow No. 6; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Sethness AP100 Sethness OC90; Sethness OC234; Sethness P060; Sethness P170; Sethness P212 Sethness RT80; Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115; Sethness SSC300; Sethness YT25 Tartrazine colorant, cheese prods. AFC AS 920; AFC OS 460; AFC OWS 550; AFC WOS 550; AFC WS 445 AFC WS 890 colorant, cheeses AFC WS 445; AFC WS 890; Annatto (Bixa orellana); Carotene; FD&C Yellow No. 5 Lucarotin® 10 CWD O; Tartrazine; Titanium dioxide; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, chicken feed Algae meal, dried colorant, chicken skin β-Apo-8´-carotenal colorant, chips Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG colorant, chocolate Gold; Sethness AP100; Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115; Silver colorant, chocolate cake mixes Brown HT colorant, chocolate flavors Malt extract

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

colorant, chorizo sausages Paprika (Capsicum annum) colorant, coatings Norbixin colorant, cocktail cherries FD&C Red No. 3 colorant, coffee creamers AFC WS 445; AFC WS 890; Magnesium caseinate colorant, colas Caramel colorant, confectionery Acid blue 9; Acid blue 74; AFC AS 920; AFC OS 460; AFC OWS 550 AFC WOS 550; Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria) extract; Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF; Carmine (Coccus cacti) FD&C Blue No. 1; FD&C Blue No. 2; FD&C Green No. 3; FD&C Red No. 3; FD&C Red No. 40 FD&C Yellow No. 5; FD&C Yellow No. 6; Lucarotin® 10 CWD O; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Saffron (Crocus sativus) Tartrazine; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-ORed® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG colorant, confectionery coatings Gold; Silver colorant, confectionery panned goods Titanium dioxide colorant, cream-style corn Purity® CS C; Purity® W colorant, cured meat Malt extract colorant, curry powder Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, dairy prods. Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF; Carotene; Sethness OC90; Sethness OC234 Sethness P060; Sethness P170; Sethness P212; Sethness RT80; Sethness SSC300 Sethness YT25; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; TomatO-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG colorant, dessert powders Acid blue 9; Acid blue 74; FD&C Blue No. 1; FD&C Blue No. 2; FD&C Red No. 3 FD&C Red No. 40; FD&C Yellow No. 5; FD&C Yellow No. 6; Tartrazine colorant, dietary supplements CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals

2194

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference colorant, dips Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG; Veg-Con Carrot colorant, dog food Ferric oxide colorant, dressings Veg-Con Carrot colorant, dry foods Beta Carotene 1% CWS colorant, dry mixes B&C Caramel Powder; Yellow Blend No. 3300 Powd. colorant, dry salad dressings Beta Carotene 1% CWS colorant, edible cheese rinds Litholrubine BK colorant, eggs Capsanthin/capsorubin colorant, egg substitutes Beta Carotene 1% CWS colorant, egg yolk pigmentation β-Apo-8´-carotenal colorant, egg yolks Canthaxanthine colorant, enriched flour Riboflavin colorant, external coating: sugar confectionery Aluminum colorant, fats/oils Carotene colorant, fish Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, flavors Sethness AP100; Sethness OC90; Sethness OC234; Sethness P060; Sethness P170 Sethness P212; Sethness RT80; Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115; Sethness SP50 Sethness SSC300; Sethness YT25 colorant, food Acid blue 3; Acid blue 9; Acid blue 74; Acid red 1; Acid red 18 Acid yellow 3; Acid yellow 17; Act II 200 USP; Altalc 325 USP; Aluminum Amaranth; Amaranth; Anthocyanins; β-Apo8´-carotenal; β-Apo-8´-carotenic acid, ethyl ester β-Apo-8´-carotenic acid, methyl ester; Astaxanthin; Barley (Hordeum distichon) extract; B&C Caramel Powder; Beet powder

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Beta Carotene 30% FS; Beta-Carotene 10% DC/GFP; Betanine; Bixin; Brilliant black 1 Brown FK; Calcium carbonate; Calcium sulfate; Canthaxanthin 10% CWS/N; Capsanthin/capsorubin Caramel; Carbon, activated; Carmacid R; Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF Carmine (Coccus cacti); Carotene; αCarotene; Chicory (Cichorium intybus) extract; Chlorophyll Chlorophyllin-copper complex; Chromium hydroxide green; Cold Pressed Grapefruit Oil; Corn steep liquor; Curcumin D&C Red No. 7 calcium lake; D&C Yellow No. 5 aluminum lake; Double Strength Acid Proof Caramel Colour; Fast green FCF; FD&C Blue No. 1 FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake; FD&C Blue No. 2; FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake; FD&C Green No. 3; FD&C Red No. 3 FD&C Red No. 4; FD&C Red No. 40; FD&C Red No. 40 aluminum Lake; FD&C Yellow No. 5; FD&C Yellow No. 5 aluminum lake FD&C Yellow No. 6; FD&C Yellow No. 6 aluminum lake; Ferric oxide; Ferrous gluconate; Ferrous gluconate dihydrate Flavoxanthin; Gold; Iron oxide black; Iron (III) oxide hydrated; Iron oxide red Iron oxides; Iron oxide yellow; Iron oxide yellow monohydrate; Kryptoxanthin; Litholrubine BK Lucarotin® 1 CWD/K; Lucarotin® 10 CWD S/Y; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; LycoVit® 10% DC Lycopene; Maco-O-Line 091; Malt extract; Maltoferm® A-6001; Orchil Petitgrain, lemon oil; 1-(Phenylazo)-2naphthylamine; Ponceau 3R; Ponceau SX; Red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus) Riboflavin; Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium; Rubixanthin; Saffron (Crocus sativus); Sethness AP100 Sethness OC90; Sethness OC234; Sethness P060; Sethness P170; Sethness P212 Sethness RT80; Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115; Sethness SP50; Sethness SSC300 Sethness YT25; Sicovit® Series; Silver; Tannic acid; Tartrazine Titanium dioxide; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG; Ultramarine blue

2195

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Veg-Con Beet; Veg-Con Green Bell Pepper; Veg-Dry Beet; Veg-Dry Carrot; Vegetable carbon Violoxanthin; Xanthophyll; Zeaxanthin colorant, food bases Veg-Con Carrot colorant, food-marking inks Annatto (Bixa orellana) colorant, food processing Carbon black colorant, food supplements CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals colorant, frankfurter casings Orange B colorant, frankfurter surfaces Orange B colorant, frostings Beet powder colorant, frozen foods B&C Caramel Powder colorant, fruit drinks β-Apo-8´-carotenal; Canthaxanthine colorant, fruit fillings Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF colorant, fruit juices Carotene; Lucarotin® 10 CWD O; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R; Lucarotin® 20 CWD/R colorant, gelatin desserts Beet powder colorant, gelatin β-Apo-8´-carotenal colorant, golden: baked goods Bro-Spice colorant, gravies B&C Caramel Powder; Beta Carotene 1% CWS; Veg-Con Carrot colorant, hard candy Beet powder colorant, ice cream Acid blue 9; AFC WOS 550; AFC WS 445; AFC WS 890; Annatto (Bixa orellana) Beet powder; Beta Carotene 1% CWS; Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF; Carotene FD&C Blue No. 1; FD&C Yellow No. 5; FD&C Yellow No. 6; Molasses (Saccharum officinarum); Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 Petitgrain, lemon oil; Tartrazine; Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

colorant, ices Norbixin colorant, icing Titanium dioxide colorant, icing mixes Beta Carotene 1% CWS colorant, imitation dairy prods. Beta Carotene 1% CWS colorant, infant formulas Carotene; Ferrous gluconate; Ferrous gluconate dihydrate; Riboflavin colorant, inj. brines Maco-O-Line 091 colorant, instant drink granules Sicovit® Series colorant, instant puddings Beta Carotene 1% CWS colorant, instant soup powders Lucarotin® 10 CWD O colorant, jams β-Apo-8´-carotenal colorant, jellies β-Apo-8´-carotenal; Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF colorant, juices β-Apo-8´-carotenal colorant, kippers Brown FK colorant, lemonade Lucarotin® 10 CWD O colorant, liqueurs Gold; Norbixin; Silver colorant, malted milks Malt colorant, malt extract Malt colorant, maraschino cherries FD&C Green No. 3; FD&C Red No. 3 colorant, margarine Norbixin; Saffron (Crocus sativus); Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, meal replacements Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG colorant, meat Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, meat marinades Veg-Con Carrot colorant, meat prods. Capsanthin/capsorubin

2196

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference colorant, meat substitutes Beet powder colorant, mustard Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, natural: baked goods Annatto (Bixa orellana); Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: beverages Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: butter Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: cereals Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: cheeses Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: cooking oil Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: food Annatto (Bixa orellana); Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: food mixes Norbixin colorant, natural: fruit-based prods. PenTexture® 300 colorant, natural: ice cream Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: margarine Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: pizza sauces PenTexture® 300 colorant, natural: pulp prods. PenTexture® 300 colorant, natural: salad dressings Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: sausage casings Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: spaghetti sauces PenTexture® 300 colorant, natural: spices Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract colorant, natural: tomato paste PenTexture® 300 colorant, natural: tomato sauces PenTexture® 300 colorant, nonacidulated drinks Double Strength Acid Proof Caramel Colour colorant, nonalcoholic beverages Carmacid R; Saffron (Crocus sativus) colorant, nutritional bars Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

colorant, nutritional formulations CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals colorant, oils Chlorophyll colorant, oleomargarine Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria) extract; Annatto (Bixa orellana); Carotene; Chlorophyll colorant, orange beverages Carotene colorant, oranges Citrus red no. 2 colorant, pasta Lucarotin® 10 CWD O; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG colorant, pasta dishes Veg-Con Carrot colorant, pet foods Acid blue 74; Caramel; FD&C Blue No. 2; FD&C Red No. 40; FD&C Yellow No. 5 FD&C Yellow No. 6; Tartrazine colorant, pickles Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, pies Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, pink shades: retorted protein prods. Carmine (Coccus cacti) colorant, poultry Malt extract; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, poultry marinades Veg-Con Carrot colorant, powdered beverages Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG colorant, prepared cakes Beta Carotene 1% CWS colorant, preserves Caramel colorant, processed cheeses AFC OWS 550; AFC WOS 550; Norbixin colorant, processed food Double Strength Acid Proof Caramel Colour colorant, processed fruits Carotene colorant, protein drinks Sethness P170 colorant, puddings Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF; Carotene colorant, rendered fats Chlorophyll; Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

2197

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference colorant, rice dishes Turmeric (Curcuma longa); Veg-Con Carrot colorant, root beer Caramel colorant, salad dressings Beet powder; Canthaxanthine colorant, salsa Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG colorant, sauces Beta Carotene 1% CWS; Sethness AP100; Sethness OC90; Sethness OC234; Sethness P060 Sethness P170; Sethness P212; Sethness RT80; Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115 Sethness SP50; Sethness SSC300; Sethness YT25; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; TomatO-Red® 10% CWD Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG; Veg-Con Carrot; Yellow Blend No. 3300 Powd. colorant, sausage casings AFC WS 445; AFC WS 890; Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria) extract; Annatto (Bixa orellana); Orange B Saffron (Crocus sativus) colorant, sausage prods. Canthaxanthine colorant, sausages FD&C Red No. 3; FD&C Yellow No. 6 colorant, sausage surfaces Orange B colorant, savory flavor enhancement Veg-Con Carrot colorant, seasonings AFC WS 445; AFC WS 890; AFC WS 4600P; Sethness AP100; Sethness OC90 Sethness OC234; Sethness P060; Sethness P170; Sethness P212; Sethness RT80 Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115; Sethness SP50; Sethness SSC300; Sethness YT25 colorant, shortening Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria) extract; Annatto (Bixa orellana); Chlorophyll colorant, snack foods AFC OS 460; AFC WS 445; AFC WS 890; AFC WS 4600P; Tomat-O-Red® 8% Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG; Veg-Con Carrot colorant, soft drinks Beet powder; Caramel

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

colorant, soup powders Lucarotin® 10 CWD O colorant, soups β-Apo-8´-carotenal; B&C Caramel Powder; Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF; Sethness AP100 Sethness OC90; Sethness OC234; Sethness P060; Sethness P170; Sethness P212 Sethness RT80; Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115; Sethness SP50; Sethness SSC300 Sethness YT25; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; TomatO-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Veg-Con Carrot colorant, specialties B&C Caramel Powder colorant, spices Turmeric (Curcuma longa) colorant, spirit drinks Amaranth colorant, spreads Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG colorant, still beverages Grape skin extract colorant, surface: food Calcium hydrogen carbonate colorant, surimi Canthaxanthin 10% CWS/N; Tomat-O-Red® 8%; Tomat-O-Red® 10% CWD; Tomat-ORed® 2% SG colorant, syrups Caramel colorant, textured protein Sethness AP100; Sethness OC90; Sethness OC234; Sethness P060; Sethness P170 Sethness P212; Sethness RT80; Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115; Sethness SP50 Sethness SSC300; Sethness YT25 colorant, tomato prods. Canthaxanthine colorant, vanilla flavors Malt extract colorant, vinegar Sethness AP100; Sethness OC90; Sethness OC234; Sethness P060; Sethness P170 Sethness P212; Sethness RT80; Sethness RT120; Sethness SB115; Sethness SSC300 Sethness YT25 colorant, vitamins FD&C Yellow No. 6 aluminum lake

2198

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference colorant, wine Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria) extract; Bentonite colorant, yellow to orange-red colors: baked goods AFC AS 300 P colorant, yellow to orange-red colors: low-pH beverages AFC AS 300 P colorant, yogurt Beet powder; Carmine PG; Carmine XY/UF color buildup control agent Britesorb™ C935 color dispersant, pickles Canarcel TW 80; Liposorb O-20 color enhancer, anthocyanin-containing prods. StabilEnhance® WSR color enhancer, baked goods Bionature® Light Liquid Molasses color enhancer, beverages Folded Orange Oil 5-Fold; Folded Orange Oil 10-Fold; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil color enhancer, black olives Ferrous gluconate; Ferrous gluconate dihydrate color enhancer, bologna Curavis® 250; Curavis® 350 color enhancer, canning blk. olives Gluconal® FE Food color enhancer, cassler Oxipur color enhancer, comminuted meat prods. Accoline-Mix color enhancer, cooked ham Hamine; Oxipur-Mix color enhancer, cooked meat Oxipur color enhancer, cooked sausage prods. Curavis® 350 color enhancer, cooked sausages Accoline-Mix; Curavis® 250 color enhancer, cooked shoulders Oxipur-Mix color enhancer, crumbs 21825 Bacom color enhancer, cured beef prods. Curafos® 22-4 color enhancer, cured meat prods. Hamine

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

color enhancer, cured pork prods. Curafos® 22-4 color enhancer, fish prods. Hamine color enhancer, food ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids; Cold Pressed Orange Oil; Folded Orange Oil 5-Fold; Folded Orange Oil 10-Fold; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil Oxipur; Sodium acid pyrophosphate color enhancer, franks Curavis® 250; Curavis® 350 color enhancer, ham Oxipur color enhancer, heat-treated comminuted meat prods. Accoline color enhancer, knockwurst Curavis® 250; Curavis® 350 color enhancer, pork loins Hamine; Oxipur-Mix color enhancer, poultry meats Hamine color enhancer, poultry prods. Oxipur color enhancer, processed fresh fruit/vegetables Snow Fresh® color enhancer, tongues Oxipur color enhancer, Vienna sausages Curavis® 250; Curavis® 350 color fixing agent, baby prods. Sodium ascorbate color fixing agent, cured meats Sodium ascorbate; Sodium nitrite color fixing agent, dairy prods. Sodium ascorbate color fixing agent, food Calcium ascorbate; Sodium ascorbate color fixing agent, meat prods. Sodium nitrite color fixing agent, prepared meats Sodium ascorbate color fixing agent, smoked fish Sodium nitrite color formation inhibitor, hard candies Clearsweet® 43% High Maltose color formation resistance aid, hard candies Clearsweet® 50% High Maltose color improver, pie dough crusts Pie Dough Culture 2199

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference coloring adjunct, food Carbon, activated color modifier, food Oleoresin turmeric color reducer, grey: poor quality wheat flour Noopazyme color retention aid Albrite® STPP-F; Albrite® STPP-FC color retention aid, dry mixes Magnesium carbonate color retention aid, food Calcium disodium EDTA; Ferrous gluconate; Ferrous lactate; 4Hexylresorcinol; Lem-O-Fos® 101 Magnesium carbonate; Magnesium Carbonate 309-S Light; Magnesium Carbonate 320-S Heavy; Magnesium Carbonate 321; Magnesium carbonate hydroxide Magnesium chloride; Magnesium hydroxide; Nicotinic acid; Stannous chloride anhydrous color retention aid, frozen desserts Magnesium hydroxide color retention aid, glass-packed asparagus Stannous chloride anhydrous color retention aid, infant formulas Ferrous gluconate color retention aid, poultry Magnesium chloride color retention aid, raw meats Magnesium chloride color retention aid, semi-dried sausage/salami Rocarna color retention aid, table salt Magnesium carbonate compatibilizer, drink mixes Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 compatibilizer, food Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Viscocel® SC-611; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 compatibilizer, frozen desserts Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 compatibilizer, ice cream Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601 Viscocel® SC-611; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 compatibilizer, juices Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-611 compatibilizer, low-fat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 compatibilizer, nonfat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 compatibilizer, salad dressings Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681

2200

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference complex carbohydrate, soluble: dry beverage mixes for sports/oral rehydration CNP RSSHM; CNP RSSRD complex carbohydrate, soluble: home brew kits CNP RSSHM; CNP RSSRD complex carbohydrate source Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Flour Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Granules; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R80R Flour complexing agent, amylose: dehydrated potatoes Dimodan® HA; Dimodan® PV 300 Kosher; Dimodan® PVP Kosher complexing agent, amylose: pasta Dimodan® PV 300 Kosher complexing agent, amylose: snack foods Dimodan® PV 300 Kosher complexing agent, bakery prods. Imwitor® 171 complexing agent, beer foam stabilization Polyclar® BV; Polyclar® Ultra Fine complexing agent, dairy systems Lactipol C complexing agent, dehydrated potatoes Lactipol C complexing agent, food Lactipol S complexing agent, ice cream Imwitor® 171 complexing agent, margarine Imwitor® 171 complexing agent, pasta Imwitor® 171 complexing agent, potato prods. Imwitor® 171 complexing agent, protein Sodium stearoyl lactylate complexing agent, protein: bakery prods. Emplex complexing agent, protein: bread Patco® 3 complexing agent, protein: buns Patco® 3 complexing agent, protein: cakes Crillet 3 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

complexing agent, protein: rolls Patco® 3 complexing agent, protein: sweet goods Patco® 3 complexing agent, protein: yeast-leavened bakery prods. Patco® 3; Verv® complexing agent, starch Sodium stearoyl lactylate complexing agent, starch: bakery prods. CFI-10; Emplex complexing agent, starch: bread CFI-10; GMS 402V; Patco® 3 complexing agent, starch: buns CFI-10; Patco® 3 complexing agent, starch: cakes Crillet 3 complexing agent, starch: cake shortenings Dimodan® HA complexing agent, starch: cereals Myverol 18-06PK complexing agent, starch: confectionery coatings Dimodan® HA complexing agent, starch: doughnuts CFI-10 complexing agent, starches Alphadim® 90SBK; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Lactipol C; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290 Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170; Sucrose erucate; Sucrose fatty acid esters complexing agent, starches: baked goods Sucroglycerides complexing agent, starches: beverages Sucroglycerides complexing agent, starches: beverage whiteners Sucroglycerides complexing agent, starches: breads Alphadim® 90AB complexing agent, starches: cereal Starplex® 90 complexing agent, starches: chewing gum Sucroglycerides complexing agent, starches: confectionery Sucroglycerides complexing agent, starches: dietary food supplements Sucroglycerides

2201

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference complexing agent, starches: dietetic foods Sucroglycerides complexing agent, starches: extruded foods Myverol 18-06PK complexing agent, starches: food Dimodan® H SK-A; Dimodan® HA; Dimodan® PV 300 Kosher; Dimodan® PVP Kosher; Sucroglycerides complexing agent, starches: frozen desserts Myverol 18-06PK complexing agent, starches: ice cream Myverol 18-06PK complexing agent, starches: instant potatoes Myverol 18-06PK complexing agent, starches: margarine Dimodan® HA complexing agent, starches: meat prods. Sucroglycerides complexing agent, starches: pasta Myverol 18-06PK; Starplex® 90 complexing agent, starches: pet food Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K complexing agent, starches: pet foods Myverol 18-06PK complexing agent, starches: rolls CFI-10; Patco® 3 complexing agent, starches: sauces Sucroglycerides complexing agent, starches: snack foods Myverol 18-06PK complexing agent, starches: soups Sucroglycerides complexing agent, starches: sweet goods CFI-10; Patco® 3 complexing agent, starches: tortillas CFI-10 complexing agent, starches: yeast-leavened bakery prods. Patco® 3; Verv® complexing agent, wine stabilization Polyclar® Ultra K-100 compressed sweets auxiliary Dynasan® 116; Dynasan® 120 compressing aid, compressed sweets mfg. Imwitor® 550; Imwitor® 742; Imwitor® 900; Imwitor® 948 compressing aid, food Pre-Gel Amaranth Powder conditioner, baked goods Alcolec® 30-A; Lactipol S; Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK; Sucrose oleate Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

conditioner, baking mixes Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate conditioner, breads Atlas® 5520; Patco® 3; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8; Tandem® 11H K Tandem® 552; Tandem® 552 K conditioner, buns Patco® 3 conditioner, cakes Alcolec® 30-A conditioner, cheese substitutes Emplex conditioner, cookies Alcolec® 30-A conditioner, cultured Vita Plus White Culture 6328 conditioner, dehydrated potatoes Calcium stearoyl lactylate; Emplex; Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK; Sodium stearyl fumarate Verv® conditioner, dough: baked goods Centrolex® R; Solec™ CX; Solec™ D; Solec™ P conditioner, dough: bakery prods. Calcium stearoyl lactylate; Hydrolyzed protein conditioner, dough: bread Precept™ 8120™ conditioner, dough: breads Calcium stearoyl fumarate; Oxitabs conditioner, dough: food ADA Tablets; Bromitabs; Precept™ 8160™ conditioner, dough: pita Precept™ 8120™ conditioner, extruded prods. Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK conditioner, flavors Sucrose stearate conditioner, flour-thickened food Sodium stearyl fumarate conditioner, food Avagel™ 520; Avagel™ 525; Avagel™ 560; Calcium/sodium stearoyl lactylate; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300 Hubersorb® 600; Lipovol A; Lipovol ALM; Lipovol HS-K; Lipovol PAL Lipovol SAF; Lipovol SOY; Organolatum™; Pationic® 925; Pationic® 930 Pationic® 940; Pinnacle™ 170 USP White Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 170A USP Amber 2202

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 190 USP White Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 190A USP Amber Petrolatum Pinnacle™ 225 USP White Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 225A USP Amber Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ LC 170 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ LC 190 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ LC 225 Petrolatum, USP Pinnacle™ WF 170 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ WF 190 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ WF 225 Petrolatum, USP; Rudol®; Ryoto Sugar Ester LWA-1570 Ryoto Sugar Ester OWA-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-070; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-170 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670; Silica; Sucrose laurate; Sucrose oleate Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose polystearate; Sucrose tristearate; Tandem® 552 conditioner, frozen dairy desserts Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate conditioner, frozen doughs Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK conditioner, gluten Alcolec® HWS conditioner, gravies Emplex conditioner, margarine Lipovol SUN conditioner, nondairy coffee whiteners Emplex conditioner, pie crusts Alcolec® 30-A conditioner, pizza P/T 25 conditioner, preservatives Sucrose stearate conditioner, processed cereals Sodium stearyl fumarate conditioner, processed food Emplex conditioner, puddings Emplex; Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

conditioner, rolls Atlas® 5520; Patco® 3; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8; Tandem® 11H K Tandem® 552; Tandem® 552 K conditioner, sauces Emplex conditioner, snack dips Emplex conditioner, starch-foods Sodium stearyl fumarate conditioner, sweet goods Patco® 3 conditioner, tablet candy Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370F conditioner, toppings Paniplex CK conditioner, tortillas P/T 25 conditioner, vegetable/fruit scrubbing Ryoto Sugar Ester OWA-1570 conditioner, water: breads Fermaloid® conditioner, water: fermentation Fermaloid® conditioner, whipped toppings Paniplex SK conditioner, yeast buns Alcolec® 30-A conditioner, yeast-leavened bakery prods. Patco® 3 conditioner, yeast-raised baked goods Atlas® 5520; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8; Tandem® 11H K; Tandem® 552 Tandem® 552 K consistency improver Meyprogen®-MP® consistency improver, aq. foods Novation® 1600 consistency improver, canned fish Novation® 1600 consistency improver, canned vegetables Novation® 1600 consistency improver, carbohydrates Polyglyceryl-2 stearate consistency improver, dressings UltraGuar™ consistency improver, fabricated potato prods. Novation® 1600 consistency improver, fatty food Hydrogenated palm oil

2203

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference consistency improver, food Geleol®; Glyceryl stearate citrate; Hydrogenated palm glyceride citrate consistency improver, gravies UltraGuar™ consistency improver, instant beverages UltraGuar™ consistency improver, noodles Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 consistency improver, pasta Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 consistency improver, pasteurized prods. Novation® 1600 consistency improver, processed meats Novation® 1600 consistency improver, sauces UltraGuar™ consistency improver, soups UltraGuar™ consistency improver, vacuum-packaged meats Novation® 1900 consistency regulator Imwitor® 491 consistency regulator, coatings: food powders Imwitor® 960 consistency regulator, fat preps. Dynasan® P60 consistency regulator, fats Dynasan® P60 consistency regulator, hydrophobing: food powders Imwitor® 960 consistency regulator, nutritional applics. Imwitor® 988; Witafrol® 7420 control agent, food supplements Sorbitol Special™ Polyol Solution control agent, soft gelatin capsules Sorbitol Special™ Polyol Solution controlled release agent, carbon dioxide: leavening Succinic anhydride conversion aid, liquid-to-powder Silica, amorphous; Sipernat® 22 cooking/frying loss reducer Fat Replacer 785 cooking tolerance improver, noodles Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 cooking tolerance improver, pasta Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cooling agent, alcoholic beverages Winsense™ Extra 400; Winsense™ Extra 500 cooling agent, bakery prods. Winsense™ Extra 400; Winsense™ Extra 500 cooling agent, beverages N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide; Menthyl lactate; l-Menthyl lactate cooling agent, candy N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide cooling agent, carbonated beverages Carbon dioxide cooling agent, chewing gum C*Eridex; N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3carboxamide; Frescolat® ML; Menthol; Menthyl lactate l-Menthyl lactate cooling agent, confectionery N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide; Menthol; N,2,3-Trimethyl-2isopropylbutamide; Winsense™-3; Winsense™ Extra 400 Winsense™ Extra 500; WinSense WS-23; WS-3; Xylitol CFP cooling agent, dairy prods. Winsense™ Extra 400; Winsense™ Extra 500 cooling agent, dietietic prods. Xylitol CFP cooling agent, fondants C*Eridex cooling agent, food Carbon dioxide; N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3carboxamide; Frescolat MGA; Menthol; Menthone glycerin acetal Menthyl lactate; l-Menthyl lactate cooling agent, immersion cooling: packaged beverages Norfox® PGFC cooling agent, immersion cooling: packaged food Norfox® PGFC cooling agent, liqueurs Menthol cooling agent, low-calorie beverages C*Eridex cooling agent, nonalcoholic beverages Winsense™ Extra 400; Winsense™ Extra 500

2204

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference cooling agent, panned prods. Meritose 100; Meritose 200; Meritose 220; Meritose 300 cooling agent, powdered drink mixes Frescolat® ML; Menthyl lactate; l-Menthyl lactate cooling agent, sugar-free chewing gum Xylitol CFP cooling agent, sweets Frescolat® ML; Menthyl lactate cooling agent, zero-calorie beverages C*Eridex cooling aid, biscuits C*Sorbidex S 16603 cooling aid, chewing gum C*Sorbidex S 16603 cooling aid, fruit fillings C*Sorbidex S 16603 cooling aid, ginger bread C*Sorbidex S 16603 cooling aid, ice cream C*Sorbidex S 16603 corn syrup solids replacement, no-sugaradded ice cream prods. Maltisweet™ IC corrosion inhibitor, bottled water Sodium metasilicate corrosion inhibitor, canned water Sodium metasilicate corrosion inhibitor, food PEG-8 dioleate cosolvent, flavors NEOBEE® M-5 cosolvent, food Oleyl alcohol; PEG-20 dilaurate; PEG-4 dioleate; PEG-8 dioleate; PEG-20 dioleate cosolvent, food colors NEOBEE® M-5 cosolvent, fragrances NEOBEE® M-5 coupling agent, cakes S-Maz® 60K coupling agent, dairy prods. S-Maz® 60K coupling agent, flavors Captex® 200; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate coupling agent, food Nonoxynol-6; Octoxynol-30; Octoxynol-40; Oleyl alcohol; Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate S-Maz® 60K; S-Maz® 80K; S-Maz® 85K; Sorbitan stearate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

coupling agent, food processing Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400 coupling agent, food vitamins Captex® 200 coupling agent, fragrance oils Captex® 200 coupling agent, soluble colorants Captex® 200; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate coupling agent, vegetable prods. S-Maz® 60K coupling agent, vitamins Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate coupling agent, whipped topping bases Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate cracking inhbitor, pie fillings TIC Pretested® Colloid 787 Powder cracking inhibitor, tortillas P/T 25 creamer, nondairy: coffee Aldosperse® MS-20 FG; Aldosperse® MS20 KFG creaminess improver, dressings Kol Guard® 7467 creaminess improver, frozen desserts N-Surance™ creaminess improver, fruit fillings Kol Guard® 7467 creaminess improver, fruit preps Kol Guard® 7467 creaminess improver, gravies Kol Guard® 7467 creaminess improver, instant puddings Merecol® K creaminess improver, jams Kol Guard® 7467 creaminess improver, mousses Merecol® K creaminess improver, sauces Kol Guard® 7467 creaminess improver, soups Kol Guard® 7467 crisping agent, baked goods Baka-Snak® crisping agent, baked snacks Baka-Snak® crisping agent, battered food National® 0280; National® 814 crisping agent, batter systems: breaded, deep-fried foods Midsol™ Adhere Plus 2205

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference crisping agent, breading mixes Baka-Snak® crisping agent, breading PenCling® 597 crisping agent, cereals PenPlus® 40; PenPlus® 40M crisping agent, clear coat batters PenBind® 120; PenBind® 123; PenBind® 150; PenBind® 190; PenCling® 597 crisping agent, coated prods. Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Tapioca dextrin crisping agent, confectionery intermediates Baka-Snak® crisping agent, cookies Baka-Snak® crisping agent, crackers Baka-Snak®; PenCling® 580 crisping agent, extruded snacks PenPlus® 40; PenPlus® 40M crisping agent, French fries National® 0280; National® 814 crisping agent, French fry clear coat batters PenBind® 180 crisping agent, fried food Midsol™ Krisp; National® 0280; National® 814 crisping agent, fried puffed snacks Baka-Snak® crisping agent, instant puddings Baka-Snak® crisping agent, pet foods Baka-Snak®; PenPlus® 40; PenPlus® 40M crisping agent, wafers PenCling® 580 crispness enhancer, Asian noodles PenCling® 205 crispness enhancer, bakery prods. FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW crispness enhancer, batter prods. FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW crispness enhancer, batters Midset™ 30; PenCling® 205; PenCling® 720B; Resistamyl 131; Resistamyl 231 Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12 crispness enhancer, breading PenCling® 720B; Resistamyl 131; Resistamyl 231; Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12 crispness enhancer, breakfast cereals FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

crispness enhancer, clear coat batters PenCling® 720B crispness enhancer, coatings Midset™ 30 crispness enhancer, French fry coatings Cargill DrySet™ 07702 crispness enhancer, fried food batters Cargill DrySet™ 07702 crispness enhancer, gummy candies Midset™ 30 crispness enhancer, jelly bean centers Midset™ 30 crispness enhancer, licorice Midset™ 30 crispness enhancer, nutritional food prods. FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW crispness enhancer, pasta FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW crispness enhancer, pastry glazes Cargill DrySet™ 07702 crispness enhancer, predusts PenCling® 205 crispness enhancer, snack food/low-fat coatings Cargill DrySet™ 07702 crispness enhancer, snack foods FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW crispness enhancer, starch jellies Midset™ 30 crispness enhancer, taffy Midset™ 30 crosslinking agent, microcapsules: flavoring substances Glutaral crosslinking agent, modified food starch Epichlorohydrin; Phosphorus oxychloride crosslinking agent, polymerization: casein used in food pkg. paper/paperboard Hexamethylenetetramine crosslinking agent, polymerization: proteins in food pkg. paper/paperboard Hexamethylenetetramine crosslinking agent, starch Adipic acid crumb improver Lamemul® K 2000-Range crumb improver, cakes Bealite™ 2315 crumb improver, sponge cakes Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970;

2206

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670 Sucrose distearate; Sucrose stearate crumb structure enhancer Lipopan 50 BG crumb structure enhancer, biscuits Meritose 100; Meritose 200; Meritose 220; Meritose 300 crumb structure enhancer, cakes Meritose 100; Meritose 200; Meritose 220; Meritose 300 crumb whitener, nutritional applics. Improved Paniplus M crust color improver, baked goods AMG 800 BG cryoprotectant, confectionery Sorbogem™ 712; Sorbogem™ 834; Sorbogem™ 1162; Sorbogem™ 2016; Sorbogem™ Fines cryoprotectant, food Sorbogem™ 712; Sorbogem™ 834; Sorbogem™ 1162; Sorbogem™ 2016; Sorbogem™ Fines cryoprotectant, surimi Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC cryostabilizer, food Solka-Floc® crystal control agent, ice Avicel® RC-501; Edicol® crystal control agent, ice: bar mixes TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder crystal control agent, ice: breakfast drinks TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder crystal control agent, ice: cake mixes TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder crystal control agent, ice: corn tortillas TIC Pretested® Colloid 1023 T Powder crystal control agent, ice: flour tortillas TIC Pretested® Colloid 1023 T Powder crystal control agent, ice: food TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder crystal control agent, ice: fried foods TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder crystal control agent, ice: frozen breakfast drinks Aqualon® 7H3SF

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

crystal control agent, ice: frozen dairy desserts Benecel® MP 824 crystal control agent, ice: frozen dairy prods. Benecel® MP 843; TIC Pretested® CMC 2500 S crystal control agent, ice: frozen desserts Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581; NSurance™ crystal control agent, ice: frozen doughs TIC Pretested® Colloid 451T Powd.; TIC Pretested® Colloid 787 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 1023 T Powder crystal control agent, ice: frozen prods. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC PH-2500 Powd. crystal control agent, ice: ice cream Aqualon® 7HF; Aqualon® 7H4F; Stamere® NIC FCC; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder crystal control agent, ice: icings TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder crystal control agent, ice: instant gravies TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder crystal control agent, ice: instant sauces TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder crystal control agent, ice: meringues TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder crystal control agent, ice: pizza/frozen dough TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder crystal control agent, ice:related milk prods. Stamere® NIC FCC crystal control agent, ice: ressings Avicel® CL-611 crystal control agent, ice: sherbet Aqualon® 7H3SF crystal control agent, ice: smooth cream Benefiber® crystal control agent, ice: soft serve Aqualon® 7HF crystal control agent, ice: sorbets TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder crystal control agent, ice:water ices Cremodan® DC crystal control agent, ice: whipped toppings Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581 2207

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference crystal growth inhibitor Corn Syrup 36/43 crystal inhibitor, chocolate Crill 3 crystal inhibitor, ice: ice cream Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein crystal inhibitor, vegetable oils Polyaldo® DGDO crystallization agent, confectionery coatings Myverol® 18-07 crystallization agent, lauric fat-based compound coatings Revel A crystallization agent, sodium carbonate Sodium methylnaphthalenesulfonate crystallization control agent Crillet 3; Liposorb O-20 crystallization control agent, beverages Corn syrup, high fructose crystallization control agent, candy Magnesium caseinate crystallization control agent, chips Cleardex® 36/43; Clearsweet® 36/43 crystallization control agent, chocolates Ryoto Sugar Ester POS-135 crystallization control agent, coffee creamers Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2 crystallization control agent, confectionery BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 28DE; BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 42DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 28DE crystallization control agent, dairy prods. Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; Cleardex® 25/42 IX; Cleardex® 28/42; Clearsweet® 25/42; Clearsweet® 25/42 IX Clearsweet® 28/42 crystallization control agent, fat: chocolate Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170; Sucrose erucate crystallization control agent, food ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids; Corn syrup, high fructose; Crester L; Sorbitan tristearate crystallization control agent, frozen desserts Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel crystallization control agent, frozen novelties Cleardex® 36/43; Clearsweet® 36/43 crystallization control agent, ice Avicel® RC-591F

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

crystallization control agent, ice cream Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 28DE; BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 42DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 28DE; Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2 Cleardex® 25/42 IX; Cleardex® 28/42; Cleardex® 36/43; Clearsweet® 25/42; Clearsweet® 25/42 IX Clearsweet® 28/42; Clearsweet® 36/43; Corn syrup, high fructose; Tylopur® C 6000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 G1 Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 crystallization control agent, ice: frozen breakfast drinks Aqualon® 7H0F crystallization control agent, ice: ice cream Aqualon® 7HC4F; Aqualon® 7HCF; Aqualon® 7HXF crystallization control agent, ice: ice milk Aqualon® 7HC4F; Aqualon® 7HCF crystallization control agent, ice: premium full-fat ice creams CarraLizer™ C-1; CarraLizer™ C-2; CarraLizer™ C-3; CarraLizer™ C-4 crystallization control agent, ice: sherbet Aqualon® 7H0F; Cremodan® SL crystallization control agent, ice: soft serve Aqualon® 7H4XF crystallization control agent, ice: sorbet Cremodan® SL crystallization control agent, ice: sugar-free ice creams CarraLizer™ C-1; CarraLizer™ C-2; CarraLizer™ C-3; CarraLizer™ C-4 crystallization control agent, meat Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; Cleardex® 25/42 IX; Cleardex® 28/42; Clearsweet® 25/42; Clearsweet® 25/42 IX Clearsweet® 28/42 crystallization control agent, sugar: cereal coatings Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: cream centers Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: diabetic prods. Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: dried fruits Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC 2208

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference crystallization control agent, sugar: fillings Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: fondants Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: food Cargill Dry GL™ 01946 crystallization control agent, sugar: frozen desserts Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: hard candy Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: icings Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC; TIC Pretested® Colloid 515M-T Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-B No Fat Powder crystallization control agent, sugar: jams Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 crystallization control agent, sugar: jellies Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: preserves Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 crystallization control agent, sugar: sauces Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: sausages Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: shredded coconut Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: soft confectionery Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC crystallization control agent, sugar: syrups Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 crystallization control agent, sugar: toppings Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 crystallization enhancer Hydrogenated palm oil crystallization enhancer, cakes Polycon® S60 K crystallization enhancer, clinical nutrition Dritex S crystallization enhancer, coffee whiteners Polycon® S60 K crystallization enhancer, confectionery Polycon® S60 K crystallization enhancer, food Polycon® S60 K crystallization enhancer, icings Polycon® S60 K Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

crystallization enhancer, nutritional/sports supplements Dritex S crystallization enhancer, peanut butter Sta-Set RC™ crystallization enhancer, solid fats Ryoto Sugar Ester POS-135 crystallization enhancer, specialty butters Captex® SBE crystallization enhancer, whipped toppings Polycon® S60 K crystallization inhibitor DextriPlus™ HSPR05; DextriPlus™ HSPR18; Staley® 200-26/42; Staley® 30036/42 crystallization inhibitor, baked goods Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Sorbogem™ crystallization inhibitor, beverages Polyaldo® 10-2-P crystallization inhibitor, cake mixes Sorbogem™ crystallization inhibitor, cakes Polyaldo® 10-2-P crystallization inhibitor, calcium lactate: processed cheeses CrystalBan™ crystallization inhibitor, candy Maltodextrin crystallization inhibitor, cheese sauces Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10 crystallization inhibitor, chocolate Crill 41 crystallization inhibitor, coatings Crill 3 crystallization inhibitor, cocoa mixes Malta*Gran® 10 crystallization inhibitor, coffee whiteners Rice*Trin® 16 Organic crystallization inhibitor, confectioner's coatings Crill 41 crystallization inhibitor, confectionery Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 43/44 IX; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Sorbogem™; Sorbogem™ 712 Sorbogem™ 834; Sorbogem™ 1162; Sorbogem™ 2016; Sorbogem™ Fines; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum crystallization inhibitor, cooking oils Oxystearin crystallization inhibitor, crackers Maltodextrin 2209

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference crystallization inhibitor, desserts Polyaldo® 10-2-P crystallization inhibitor, dips Rice*Trin® 16 Organic crystallization inhibitor, dry-roasted nuts Sorbogem™ crystallization inhibitor, fats/oils Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670 crystallization inhibitor, fillings Sorbogem™ crystallization inhibitor, food Acacia; ADM Clintose® CR 10; ADM Clintose® CR 15; ADM Clintose® CR 18; Caprol® ET Corn maltodextrin; Lamesorb® SMO-20; Maltodextrin; Oxystearin; Polyglyceryl-4 pentaoleate Polyglyceryl-4 pentastearate; Polyglyceryl-4 tristearate; Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Sorbitan laurate; Sorbogem™ Sorbogem™ 712; Sorbogem™ 834; Sorbogem™ 1162; Sorbogem™ 2016; Sorbogem™ Fines Sucrose polystearate; Tetraglyn 1-OV; Tetraglyn 3-S; Tetraglyn 5-O crystallization inhibitor, frostings Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10 crystallization inhibitor, frozen desserts Sorbogem™ crystallization inhibitor, glaze mixes Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10 crystallization inhibitor, gravies Rice*Trin® 16 Organic crystallization inhibitor, hard candies Clearsweet® 43% High Maltose; Clearsweet® 50% High Maltose crystallization inhibitor, ice cream Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 43/44 IX; Maltrin® M040 crystallization inhibitor, icings Sorbogem™ crystallization inhibitor, mayonnaise Polyaldo® DGDO KFG crystallization inhibitor, nutritional beverages Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic crystallization inhibitor, puddings Maltodextrin crystallization inhibitor, salad dressings Polyaldo® DGDO KFG; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

crystallization inhibitor, salad oils DREWPOL® 10-6-O; DREWPOL® 10-10-O; Oxystearin; Polyaldo® DGDO KFG crystallization inhibitor, sauces Rice*Trin® 16 Organic crystallization inhibitor, soup mixes Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10 crystallization inhibitor, soups Rice*Trin® 16 Organic crystallization inhibitor, starch jellies Aldo® MS LG KFG; Atlas® 1500 crystallization inhibitor, sugar Sorbitol; Sunmalt crystallization inhibitor, sugar: dry mix beverages Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 crystallization inhibitor, sugar-free drink mixes Corn maltodextrin crystallization inhibitor, sugar: ham Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 crystallization inhibitor, sugar: jams Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 crystallization inhibitor, sugar: jellies Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 crystallization inhibitor, sugar: meat prods. Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 crystallization inhibitor, sugar: preserves Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 crystallization inhibitor, sugar: sauce mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 crystallization inhibitor, sugar: sausages Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 crystallization inhibitor, sugar: seasonings Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 crystallization inhibitor, sugar: soup mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 crystallization inhibitor, sugar: spices Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 crystallization inhibitor, sugar: syrups Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 crystallization inhibitor, sugar: toppings Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 crystallization inhibitor, surimi Sorbogem™ crystallization inhibitor, tea mixes Malta*Gran® 10 crystallization inhibitor, tuna fish Tetrasodium pyrophosphate crystallization inhibitor, vegetable oils Caprol® ET crystallization modifier, baked goods Sorbogem™ 2210

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference crystallization modifier, cake mixes Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Sorbogem™ crystallization modifier, confectionery Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Sorbogem™ crystallization modifier, dry roasted nuts Sorbogem™ crystallization modifier, fat: oils Lumulse® GMS K crystallization modifier, fat: shortenings Lumulse® GMS K crystallization modifier, fillings Sorbogem™ crystallization modifier, food Avapol™ EMD; Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Sodium ferrocyanide; Sorbogem™ crystallization modifier, frozen desserts Sorbogem™ crystallization modifier, icings Sorbogem™ crystallization modifier, margarine Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids crystallization modifier, NaCl T-Maz® 80K crystallization modifier, rendered animal fats Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids crystallization modifier, surimi Sorbogem™ crystallization modifier, whipped toppings Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids crystallization modifier, wine Sodium ferrocyanide ; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A230 NF Extra crystallizaton retardant, bakery prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 crystallizaton retardant, beverages Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 crystallizaton retardant, dairy prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 crystallizaton retardant, deep-frozen prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 crystallizaton retardant, food Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085; Polysorbate 40 crystallizaton retardant, fried prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085

2211

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference crystallizaton retardant, frozen desserts Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 crystallizaton retardant, ice cream Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 crystallizaton retardant, sauces Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 crystallization retardant, sugar: candy Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra crystallization retardant, sugar: chewing gum Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

crystallization retardant, sugar: confectionery TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Pre-Hydrated®; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd. crystallization retardant, sugar: sugar: glazes Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra crystallization retardant, sugar: jellies Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium crystal modifier, fat: cocoa butter substitutes Famodan MS Kosher crystal modifier, fat: compd. coatings Famodan MS Kosher crystal modifier, fat: imitation dairy systems Famodan MS Kosher crystal size control agent, donuts Aqualon® 7M8SF crystal size control agent, icings Aqualon® 7LF; Aqualon® 7MF crystal size control agent, salt Tween® 80V Pharma crystal size control agent, sweet goods icings Aqualon® 7M8SF curing agent, bacon Arovas; Nitrites curing agent, baked goods Sodium chloride curing agent, butter Sodium chloride curing agent, cheeses Lactic acid; Sodium chloride curing agent, cod roe processing Potassium nitrate 2212

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference curing agent, confectionery Lactic acid curing agent, cooked hams Arovas curing agent, cream Soda Phos (FG) curing agent, cultured dairy prods. Lactic acid curing agent, cured meats Packers Powder curing agent, eggs Soda Phos (FG) curing agent, food Acetic acid; Calcium chloride; Calcium Stearate 2307-G; Lactic acid; Sodium carbonate Sodium chloride; Sorbitol; Sorbo® curing agent, food processing Eastman® Glacial Acetic Acid Food Grade, Kosher curing agent, food Eastman® Propionic Acid, Food Grade, Kosher curing agent, half & half Soda Phos (FG) curing agent, ice cream Soda Phos (FG) curing agent, meat Nitrites; Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG) curing agent, nuts Sodium chloride curing agent, olives Lactic acid curing agent, pork loins Arovas curing agent, poultry Arovas; Lactic acid; Nitrites; Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG) Sodium chloride curing agent, processed cheeses Soda Phos (FG) curing agent, processed meats Nutrifos® 100 curing agent, seafood Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG) curing agent, semi-dried sausage/salami Rocarna curing agent, table syrups Soda Phos (FG) curing agent, table toppings Soda Phos (FG)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

curing agent, traditional-style cooked hams Citraxine curing agent, vegetables Soda Phos (FG) curing agent, whey Soda Phos (FG) curing agent, wine Lactic acid darkening inhibitor, processed potatoes SAPP-NL deaerating agent, food Acetylated hydrogenated coconut glycerides; Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glyceride; Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides decolorizing agent, beverages Type CG6 8x30; Type CG6/AW 8x30; Type CG6/AW 12x40 decolorizing agent, citric acids Acticarbone®; Anticromos® decolorizing agent, clarification: refinery sugar juices Dimethylamine/epichlorohydrin copolymer decolorizing agent, clarification: refinery sugar liquors Dimethylamine/epichlorohydrin copolymer decolorizing agent, edible oils Acticarbone®; Anticromos® decolorizing agent, flavors Acticarbone®; Anticromos® decolorizing agent, food Calgon® Carbon Type ADP; Calgon® Carbon Type APA; Calgon® Carbon Type APC; Calgon® Carbon Type BL®; Calgon® Carbon Type C® Calgon® Carbon Type CAL®; Calgon® Carbon Type Cane Cal®; Calgon® Carbon Type CPG® LF; Calgon® Carbon Type GW; Calgon® Carbon Type OL® Calgon® Carbon Type PWA®; Calgon® Carbon Type SGL® decolorizing agent, food processing Carbon, activated decolorizing agent, lactic acids Acticarbone®; Anticromos® decolorizing agent, refinery sugar liquors Dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride decolorizing agent, refinery sugar liquor treatment Chloromethylated aminated styrenedivinylbenzene resin

2213

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference decolorizing agent, sugar/glucose syrups Acticarbone®; Anticromos® decolorizing agent, sugar liquors/juices Poly (2-hydroxypropyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride) decolorizing agent, tartaric acid Acticarbone®; Anticromos® decolorizing agent, wine Acticarbone®; Anticromos® defeathering aid, poultry Crill 4 deflocculant, cream Soda Phos (FG) deflocculant, eggs Soda Phos (FG) deflocculant, half & half Soda Phos (FG) deflocculant, ice cream Soda Phos (FG) deflocculant, meat Soda Phos (FG) deflocculant, poultry Soda Phos (FG) deflocculant, processed cheeses Soda Phos (FG) deflocculant, seafood Soda Phos (FG) deflocculant, table syrups Soda Phos (FG) deflocculant, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) deflocculant, vegetables Soda Phos (FG) deflocculant, whey Soda Phos (FG) defoamer Avapol™ 60; Avapol™ 60K; Bareco® C4040; Bareco® SP-200; Dow EP530 Emersol® 6333; EO/PO block polymer or copolymer; PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8 PEG-9; PEG-10; PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18 PEG-20; PEG-32; PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100 PEG-150; PEG-180; Polyethylene glycol; SC-5051; Zeofree® 80 defoamer, amino acid: fermentation Mazu® DF 204 defoamer, amino acid mfg. QEMI DF 8542R defoamer, anaerobic fermentations Foamkill® 8G defoamer, aq. food processing Disfoam FD-2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

defoamer, aq. systems AF 9010; AF 9030; Foamkill® 810F; Foamkill® 830F; Trans-10 Trans-20; Trans-30; Trans-1030; Trans-1030 K defoamer, baked goods Hydroxylated lecithin; Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20; Propylene glycol alginate defoamer, bakery prods. Mineral oil defoamer, baking mixes Glyceryl oleate defoamer, beet sugar Hydroxylated lecithin; Mineral oil; Trans280 defoamer, beet sugar extraction Antispumin® ZU defoamer, beet sugar processing Aluminum tristearate; Liposorb O-20; Petroleum hydrocarbons, odorless, light defoamer, beverage mfg. Sag 720; Sag 730 defoamer, beverages Dow Corning® 1920 Powdered Antifoam; Glyceryl oleate; Polypropylene glycol; TA10X FG; TA-20X FG defoamer, bottling operations: jams Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides defoamer, bottling operations: jellies Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides defoamer, bottling operations: puddings Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides defoamer, brewing Simethicone defoamer, brine systems AF 9020; Mazu® DF 210S defoamer, cake mixes Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Sipernat® 50S defoamer, cakes Polycon® S60 K defoamer, candy Magnesium stearate; Polypropylene glycol defoamer, caustic potato peeling Foam Blast® 102; Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K defoamer, cheese factory effluent Antispumin® ZU

2214

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference defoamer, cheese processing Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK; Mazu® DF 210S; Propylene glycol alginate defoamer, chewing gum G-038; G-002; G-508; Glyceryl oleate; Mazu® DF 210S defoamer, citric acid: fermentation Mazu® DF 204 defoamer, citric acid mfg. Biospumex 275K; QEMI DF 8542R defoamer, clam processing Foam Blast® 102K defoamer, clinical nutrition Capmul® GMO defoamer, cocoa powders Sipernat® 50S defoamer, coffee whiteners Glyceryl oleate; Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20; Polycon® S60 K defoamer, cold processes Foam Blast® 102 defoamer, condiments Propylene glycol alginate defoamer, confectionery Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20; Mineral oil; Polycon® S60 K; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids defoamer, corn oil mfg. AF 9000; TA-100 FG; TA-100A FG defoamer, cottage cheese T-Maz® 80K defoamer, dairy effluent Antispumin® ZU defoamer, dairy prods. Witafrol® 7480 N defoamer, deep-fat frying AF 9000; TA-100 FG; TA-100A FG defoamer, dehydration processes Sag 720; Sag 730 defoamer, dried soups Sipernat® 50S defoamer, dry mix beverages Hydroxylated lecithin defoamer, egg washing Foamkill® 810F; Foamkill® MSF Conc.; TA10X FG; TA-20X FG defoamer, enzyme mfg. QEMI DF 8542R defoamer, ethanol fermentation Sag 720; Sag 730 defoamer, evaporation processes Sag 720; Sag 730 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

defoamer, extraction processes Sag 720; Sag 730 defoamer, fats/oils Propylene glycol alginate defoamer, fermentation AF 9010; AF 9020; AF 9030; Biospumex 275K; Carbowax® E300 NF Carbowax® E400 NF; Carbowax® E600 NF; Carbowax® E1000 NF; Carbowax® E1450 NF; Carbowax® E3350 NF Carbowax® E8000 NF; Dow Corning® 1920 Powdered Antifoam; Foamkill® 830F; Kemester® 4516; Mazu® DF 100S Mazu® DF 200S; Mazu® DF 210S; Methyl eicosanoate; Methyl stearate; QEMI DF 210 FG QEMI DF 220 FG; QEMI DF 230 FG; Simethicone; Trans-P2000 K defoamer, flavor systems Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20; Propylene glycol alginate; Sag 720; Sag 730 defoamer, food AF 9010; AF 9030; Avapol™ 65; Avapol™ 80; Avapol™ 80K Avester™ SMS sobitan ester; Britol® 6NF; Britol® 7NF; Britol® 9NF; Britol® 20USP Britol® 35USP; Britol® 50USP; Canola acid; Capmul® GMO; Capric acid Caprylic/capric acid; Dow Corning® Q72587; Drakeol® 10; Drakeol® 10B; Drakeol® 13 Drakeol® 15; Drakeol® 19; Drakeol® 21; Drakeol® 34; Drakeol® 35 Drakeol® 350; Drakeol® 32; Drakesol® 165; Drakesol® 165AT; Drakesol® 205 Drakesol® 220; Drakesol® 260; Draketex 50; DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher; Emersol® 6313 NF Emersol® 6320; Emersol® 6321; Emersol® 6332; Emersol® 6349; Emersol® 7036 Ervol®; Foamkill® 8G; Foamkill® 618; Foamkill® 810F; Foamkill® 830F Foamkill® 836A; Foamkill® MSF Conc.; Fonoline® White; Fonoline® Yellow; Glyceryl oleate Glycon® CAN KFG; Glycon® CLK KFG; Glycon® O75 KFG; Glycon® S-65 T; Glycon® S-70 KFG Glycon® S-90 KFG; Glycon® SFA KFG; Glycon® TP KFG; Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Hydrobrite® 300PO

2215

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Hydrogenated stearic acid; Hydrogenated tallow acid; Hydroxylated lecithin; Hystrene® 5016 NF FG; Hystrene® 7018 FG Hystrene® 9718 NF FG; Industrene® 226 FG K; Industrene® 5016 NF; Industrene® 7018 FG; Kaydol® Koster Keunen Microcrystalline Waxes; Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20; Magnesium stearate; Magnesium Stearate 2311-G Mazu® DF 203; Mazu® DF 307; Mineral Jelly No. 10; Mineral Jelly No. 14; Mineral Jelly No. 17 Mineral oil; Myristic acid; Nonoxynol-6; Nonoxynol-40; Nonoxynol-50 Ointment Base No. 4; Ointment Base No. 6; Oleic acid; Palmitic acid; PEG-8 dioleate Penreco Amber; Penreco Blond; Penreco Cream; Penreco Lily; Penreco Regent Penreco Royal; Penreco Snow; Penreco Super; Penreco Ultima; Perfecta® Petroleum distillates, hydrotreated light; Polycon® S60 K; Polydimethylsiloxane; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polypropylene glycol Potassium persulfate; PPG-5-buteth-7; Propylene glycol alginate; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate; Propylene glycol stearate Radiamuls MG 2141; Radiamuls MG 2143; Radiamuls MG 2152; Radiamuls MG 2900; Rockdefoam MSL-59 Rockdefoam SL-45; Rockdefoam SL-59; Ross Wax #100; Rudol®; Silica Simethicone; Sipernat® 50S; Sodium decylbenzene sulfonate; Sonojell® No. 4; Sonojell® No. 9 Sorbitan stearate; Soy acid; Stearic acid; Super White Fonoline®; Super White Protopet® Synthetic wax; Tallow acid; Trans-1030; Trans-P2000 K; Witafrol® 7480 N defoamer, food processing AF 9020; Aldo® MLD KFG; Biospumex 278/89K; Biospumex FDA 165 K; Canarcel TW 80 Carbowax® E300 NF; Carbowax® E400 NF; Carbowax® E600 NF; Carbowax® E1000 NF; Carbowax® E1450 NF Carbowax® E3350 NF; Carbowax® E8000 NF; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300;

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 540 Blend Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 600; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 900; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1000; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1450; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 3350 Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 4600; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 8000; C7-8 isoparaffin; C8-9 isoparaffin; C9-11 isoparaffin C9-13 isoparaffin; C10-11 isoparaffin; C1112 isoparaffin; C11-13 isoparaffin; C12-14 isoparaffin C13-14 isoparaffin; C13-16 isoparaffin; C2040 isoparaffin; Dimethicone; Dow Corning® 200 Fluid, Food Grade EO/PO block polymer or copolymer; Fluid AK; Foam Blast® 300K; Foam Buster™; Glicepol 160 Hedimuls-PW/01; Hedimuls-TO/01; Hydrogenated tallow; Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK; Mazu® DF 210S Microcrystalline wax; Myrj® 52S Pharma; PEG-4 dioleate; PEG-6 dioleate; PEG-7 ricinoleate PEG-3 sorbitan oleate; PEG-3 sorbitan stearate; PEG-5 stearate; PEG-40 stearate; Pluracol® W5100N Poloxamer 105; Poloxamer 108; Poloxamer 122; Poloxamer 123; Poloxamer 124 Poloxamer 181; Poloxamer 182; Poloxamer 183; Poloxamer 184; Poloxamer 185 Poloxamer 188; Poloxamer 212; Poloxamer 215; Poloxamer 217; Poloxamer 231 Poloxamer 234; Poloxamer 235; Poloxamer 237; Poloxamer 238; Poloxamer 282 Poloxamer 284; Poloxamer 288; Poloxamer 331; Poloxamer 333; Poloxamer 334 Poloxamer 335; Poloxamer 338; Poloxamer 401; Poloxamer 402; Poloxamer 407 Polydimethylsiloxane; Polyethylene glycol; Polyglycol P1200; Polyglycol P2000; Polysorbate 60 Polysorbate 65; Polywet® ND-2; Polywet® ND-35; Polywet® WTC 6512; Polywet® Z1766 PPG-20; PPG-26; PPG-12-buteth-16; PPG20-buteth-30; PPG-28-buteth-35 PPG-33-buteth-45; Propylene glycol laurate; Propylene glycol oleate; QEMI DF 210 FG; QEMI DF 220 FG QEMI DF 8542R; QEMI DF 8942; Silicone; Silicone emulsion; S-Maz® 60K 2216

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference S-Maz® 80K; S-Maz® 85K; Sodium sulfoacetate derivs. of mono- and diglycerides; Struktol® Calcium Stearate; Struktol® TR 016 Sulfated tallow; TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG; TDet® N-50; T-Det® N-507 T-Maz® 65K; Trans-10; Trans-20; Trans-30; Trans-100 Trans-400; Trans-1030 K; Trans-FG2 defoamer, food rendering Dow Corning® 1920 Powdered Antifoam defoamer, freeze-dried beverage processing Foam Blast® 150 defoamer, freeze-dried coffee Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K defoamer, frozen dairy desserts Propylene glycol alginate defoamer, frozen desserts Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20 defoamer, frozen meat Mineral oil defoamer, fruits Mineral oil defoamer, fruit flavors/juices Witafrol® 7480 N defoamer, fruit juices Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K defoamer, fruit processing AF 9010; AF 9030; Petroleum distillates defoamer, fruit/vegetable processing Foam Blast® 150 defoamer, fruit/vegetable washing Foamkill® MSF Conc. defoamer, gelatin processing Propylene glycol alginate; Rockdefoam NUL-200 defoamer, grains Mineral oil defoamer, gravies Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K; Propylene glycol alginate defoamer, gum Magnesium stearate defoamer, hot processes Foam Blast® 102; Mazu® DF 307 defoamer, icings Polycon® S60 K; Polypropylene glycol defoamer, icings/fillings Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20 defoamer, indirect food additives AF 9000

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

defoamer, infant formulas Capmul® GMO defoamer, instant coffee QEMI DF 230 FG defoamer, jam mfg. AF 9010; AF 9030; Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K; Foamkill® 810F Foamkill® 830F; Foamkill® MSF Conc.; Propylene glycol alginate; Witafrol® 7480 N defoamer, jelly mfg. AF 9010; AF 9030; Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K; Foamkill® 810F Foamkill® 830F; Foamkill® MSF Conc.; Propylene glycol alginate defoamer, juices TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG defoamer, margarine Hydroxylated lecithin; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids defoamer, meat Dow Corning® 1920 Powdered Antifoam defoamer, meat processing Dow Corning® 200 Fluid, Food Grade; Sag 720; Sag 730 defoamer, meat prods. Glyceryl oleate defoamer, microcapsules: encapsulating flavoring substances Caprylic alcohol defoamer, mint Magnesium stearate defoamer, molasses Disfoam CA-123 defoamer, natural flavor mfg. Biospumex 275K defoamer, nonaq. direct food additives AF 9000 defoamer, nonaq. food Foam Blast® 10K defoamer, nonaq. food processing Masil® SF 5; Masil® SF 10; Masil® SF 100; Masil® SF 200; Masil® SF 350 Masil® SF 350 FG; Masil® SF 500; Masil® SF 1000; Masil® SF 5000; Masil® SF 10,000 Masil® SF 60,000; Masil® SF 1,000,000 defoamer, nonaq. systems Dow Corning® 200 Fluid, Food Grade; Foamkill® 8G defoamer, nonfat soybean powd. Disfoam CA-115; Disfoam CA-123 defoamer, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® GMO 2217

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference defoamer, pectin product effluent Antispumin® ZU defoamer, pickles Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20; Mineral oil; TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG defoamer, potato processing Foam Blast® 150; Mazu® DF 201 PM MOD 3; Mineral oil; Rockdefoam NUL-200; TA10X FG TA-20X FG defoamer, potato slicing Foam Blast® 300K defoamer, potato washing Biospumex FDA 165 K defoamer, poultry processing Dow Corning® 200 Fluid, Food Grade; Dow Corning® 1920 Powdered Antifoam; Sag 720; Sag 730 defoamer, poultry scald baths EO/PO block polymer or copolymer defoamer, preserves Dow Corning® 1920 Powdered Antifoam defoamer, processed foods Span® 60; Tween® 60 Pharma; Tween® 65 defoamer, protein Mazu® DF 201 PM MOD 3 defoamer, protein extraction: biomass Biospumex 275K defoamer, protein extraction: from soybeans Foam Blast® 300K defoamer, protein extraction: vegetables Biospumex 36K; Biospumex 275K defoamer, protein processing Foamkill® 810F; Foamkill® 830F defoamer, protein solutions: food QEMI DF 8501A defoamer, protein systems Foam Blast® 102; Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K; Mazu® DF 203 defoamer, puddings Propylene glycol alginate defoamer, rendered animal fats Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids defoamer, rendering Dow Corning® 200 Fluid, Food Grade; TA10X FG; TA-20X FG; TA-100 FG; TA-100A FG defoamer, salad dressings Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

defoamer, seafood processing Dow Corning® 200 Fluid, Food Grade; Dow Corning® 1920 Powdered Antifoam; Foam Blast® 150; Foam Blast® 150K; TA-10X FG TA-20X FG defoamer, seasonings Propylene glycol alginate; Witafrol® 7480 N defoamer, shredded coconut Polypropylene glycol defoamer, soft drink mfg. Foamkill® 810F; Foamkill® 830F; Foamkill® MSF Conc. defoamer, sorbic acid Mineral oil defoamer, soups Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K defoamer, starch extraction: corn flour Biospumex 36K; Biospumex 275K defoamer, starch extraction Foamkill® 8G defoamer, starch processing Foamkill® 8G; Foamkill® 830F defoamer, starch sol'ns. Foamkill® 810F defoamer, starch solutions: food QEMI DF 8501A defoamer, starch systems Disfoam CA-123; Foam Blast® 102; Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K; Mazu® DF 201 PM MOD 3 defoamer, sugar beet processing Biospumex 278/89K; Foam Blast® 102; Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K; Foamkill® 830F Monolan® PL; Witafrol® 7480 N defoamer, sugar processing Biospumex 36K; Degressal® SD 22; Degressal® SD 23; Plurafac® LF 1300; Pluronic® PE 6100 Pluronic® PE 6200; Pluronic® PE 6400; Pluronic® PE 8100; Pluronic® RPE 2520; Polysorbate 40 Rockdefoam NUL-200; Rockdefoam SLU120; Serdas® GLN defoamer, sugar-protein syrups Atmos® 300 K; DREWPOL® 10-6-O; DREWPOL® 10-10-O; DREWPOL PGPR; Polyaldo® DGDO Polyaldo® DGDO KFG defoamer, sugar refining Foamkill® MSF Conc.

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference defoamer, sugar/yeast Lamesorb® SMO-20 defoamer, syrup evaporation processing Foam Blast® 150 defoamer, tofu processing Rikemal Agepet defoamer, vegetable canning Trans-FG2 defoamer, vegetable froth flotation Deodorized kerosene; PD-23; PD-25; PD-28 defoamer, vegetable oil esterification AF 9000; TA-100 FG; TA-100A FG defoamer, vegetable oils Disfoam CA-115; Glyceryl oleate; Mazu® DF 100S; Mazu® DF 200S defoamer, vegetable processing AF 9010; AF 9030; Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K; Foamkill® 810F Petroleum distillates defoamer, vegetables Mineral oil defoamer, vegetable slicing Foam Blast® 300K defoamer, vegetable washing Foamkill® 830F; TA-10X FG; TA-20X FG defoamer, vitamins Foamkill® 8G defoamer, washing operations Sag 720; Sag 730 defoamer, whey processing Sag 720; Sag 730 defoamer, whipped toppings Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20; Polycon® S60 K; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids defoamer, wine making AF 9010; AF 9020; AF 9030; Foamkill® 810F; Foamkill® MSF Conc. Mazu® DF 210S defoamer, yeast Durfax® 80; Hydroxylated lecithin; Polysorbate 40; T-Maz® 80K; Trans-280 defoamer, yeast fermentation Foam Blast® 102; Foam Blast® 102K; Foam Blast® 150K; Mazu® DF 10 P Mod 11 defoamer, yeast: food Crillet 4 HP; Crillet 4 NF defoamer, yeast processing AF 9020; Aluminum tristearate; Foamkill® 810F; Foamkill® MSF Conc.; Liposorb O20

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK; Mazu® DF 210S; Monolan® PL; Petroleum hydrocarbons, odorless, light degrading agent, gelatinized starches: distilled spirits Amyloglucosidase degrading agent, gelatinized starches: lowcarbohydrate beer Amyloglucosidase degrading agent, gelatinized starches: vinegar Amyloglucosidase dehydrating agent, flavors Acetic anhydride dehydrating agent, food moisture removal Succinic anhydride dehydrating agent, grapes: raisins Ethyl laurate; Ethyl oleate; Ethyl stearate; Methyl laurate; Methyl oleate Methyl stearate; Sulfated butyl oleate dehydration aid Sipernat® 22S dehydration inhibitor, frozen shrimp SeaFresh™ 10; SeaFresh™ 50 dehydration preventive, dried fruit Crodamol GTCC delinting agent, cottonseed oil Cocamide DEA delinting aid, cottonseed DeMIDE RCN-ME-100 delivery system, flavor molecules Cavamax® W6 Food demulsifier, food Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170; Sucrose erucate denaturant, alcohol Methyl isobutyl ketone densifying agent, beverages MingQiong Brand densifying agent, canned food MingQiong Brand densifying agent, ice cream MingQiong Brand densifying agent, meat prods. MingQiong Brand densifying agent, sugar MingQiong Brand denuding agent Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; Sodium lactate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference denuding agent, cake mixes Potassium D-gluconate denuding agent, dietetic food Potassium D-gluconate denuding agent, dry mix beverages Potassium D-gluconate denuding agent, dry mix desserts Potassium D-gluconate denuding agent, food Potassium D-gluconate denuding agent, tripe Potassium D-gluconate; Sodium metasilicate; Sodium persulfate deodorizing agent, beverages Sodium hypochlorite deodorizing agent, direct food contact ProOxine® deodorizing agent, food Sodium hypochlorite deodorizing agent, food processing ProOxine® deodorizing agent, tobacco plants Sodium hypochlorite depectinization aid Rapidase® desiccant, food SiLCRON® G-100; SiLCRON® G-100T; SiLCRON® G-600; SiLCRON® G-601; SiLCRON® G-650 SiLCRON® G-910 detergent, agrochemical/bacterial washing: food Shokusen SE detergent, agrochemical/bacterial washing: fruits/vegetables Shokusen SE detergent, food processing Detergent CR; Hercules® AR 160; Nonoxynol-6; Nonoxynol-12; Nonoxynol40 Nonoxynol-50; Octoxynol-9; Octoxynol-30; Octoxynol-40; Oleyl alcohol PEG-75 oleate; Ryoto Sugar Ester LWA1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester OWA-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P1670 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate; Sucrose distearate Surfactant® AR 150 detergent, tablet candy Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370F detergent, vegetable/fruit scrubbing Ryoto Sugar Ester LWA-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester OWA-1570 dietary fiber Acacia; Apple fiber; Exafine® 250; Exafine® 500; Exafine® 1000 Exafine® 2000; Nutriose® FB06; Pea fiber; Swelite®; Swelite® Micro Whole oat dietary fiber, baked goods Amaranthus cruentus; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 200; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Micro-Lite Corn Bran Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oat Bran; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oatex®; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Red Wheat Bran; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized White Wheat Bran; Fibrim® Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Novelose® 330; Oat (Avena sativa) bran Vitacel® AF 400; Vitacel® AFE 400; Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 200; Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 00 Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 200; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ dietary fiber, bakery prods. C*ActiStar™; Fibrex®; Hi-maize® 240; Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber dietary fiber, bars TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Fiberplus Powder; Vitacel® AF 400 dietary fiber, batter mixes Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #9 dietary fiber, batters Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber dietary fiber, beverages Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Micro-Lite Corn Bran; Corn (Zea mays) bran; Fibrim®; Pectin Vitacel® AF 400/30; Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber; Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600/30; Vitacel® OF 2220

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference 400/30; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 60030 Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600/30 dietary fiber, biscuits ActiStar™ RT 75330; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 100 dietary fiber, breading Puffed Amaranth dietary fiber, breads ActiStar™ RT 75330; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 200; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 500; Hi-maize 260 Hi-maize® 240; Pea (Pisum sativum); Puffed Amaranth; Vitacel® AFE 400 dietary fiber, breakfast cereals Hi-maize® 240; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ dietary fiber, buns ActiStar™ RT 75330 dietary fiber, cakes ActiStar™ RT 75330 dietary fiber, cereal bars C*ActiStar™; Vitacel® AFF 12 dietary fiber, cereals Amaranthus cruentus; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 200; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Micro-Lite Corn Bran Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oatex®; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Red Wheat Bran; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized White Wheat Bran; Fibrim®; Hi-maize 260 Oat (Avena sativa) fiber; Puffed Amaranth dietary fiber, cheese powders Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 dietary fiber, cheese prods. Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600 dietary fiber, cheeses Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600 dietary fiber, cocoa beverages Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered dietary fiber, condensed goods Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose EPG 70 dietary fiber, cookies ActiStar™ RT 75330; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 100; Puffed Amaranth

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dietary fiber, crackers ActiStar™ RT 75330; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 100; Pea (Pisum sativum) dietary fiber, dairy prods. Oat (Avena sativa) fiber dietary fiber, diabetic prods. C*ActiStar™ dietary fiber, dietetic beverages Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered dietary fiber, dietetic foods Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600-30; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ dietary fiber, dressings Amaranthus cruentus dietary fiber, drink mixes Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oat Bran dietary fiber, dry mixes TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder dietary fiber, enriched diet beverages Vivapur® 105 dietary fiber, extruded foods Novelose® 330; Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600 dietary fiber, extruded snacks Hi-maize® 240 dietary fiber, fish Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 200; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose LC 200; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 200 dietary fiber, flavored milk C*ActiStar™ dietary fiber, flavors Vitacel® OF 400/30; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose EPG 70; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 00 dietary fiber, flour Amaranthus cruentus dietary fiber, flour blends Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #9 dietary fiber, food Beneo™ Synergy1; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized White Wheat Bran; Chitosan; Corn (Zea mays) bran; HiOmega® Flaxseed Oil Lupine protein; Microcrystalline cellulose; Novelose® 330; Oat (Avena sativa) fiber; Orange fiber

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Pectin; Puffed Amaranth; Rice (Oryza sativa) bran; Rice protein; Solka-Floc® Soy fiber; Vitacel® AF 12; Vitacel® AFF 12; Vivapur® 200; Wheat fiber Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ dietary fiber, fried foods Novelose® 330 dietary fiber, fried snacks Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 dietary fiber, frozen pie fillings Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered dietary fiber, fruit bars Vitacel® AFF 12 dietary fiber, fruit drinks Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered dietary fiber, fruit juices Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber dietary fiber, fruit mixes Vitacel® AF 400 dietary fiber, functional foods TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Fiberplus Powder dietary fiber, gingerbreads Vitacel® AFE 400 dietary fiber, grated cheeses Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 101; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101 dietary fiber, gravies Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600/30; Vitacel® OF 400/30; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600/30; Vivapur® 105 dietary fiber, ground cheeses Vivapur® 101 dietary fiber, health foods Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 200 dietary fiber, high-fiber foods Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Micro-Lite Corn Bran; Fibrim® dietary fiber, high-fiber formulations Corn (Zea mays) bran dietary fiber, high fiber soups TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Fiberplus Powder dietary fiber, hypoallergenic protein prods. Rice protein

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dietary fiber, ice cream Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered dietary fiber, icings Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered dietary fiber, instant prods. Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600/30; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600-30; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600/30; Vivapur® 101 dietary fiber, instant sauces Vivapur® 105 dietary fiber, instant soups C*ActiStar™ dietary fiber, jams Pectin dietary fiber, jellies Pectin dietary fiber, ketchups Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber dietary fiber, long shelf-life goods Vitacel® AF 400 dietary fiber, low-fat baked goods Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 dietary fiber, low-fat fermented milk C*ActiStar™ dietary fiber, low-fat systems Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber dietary fiber, low-moisture food Hi-maize 260 dietary fiber, meal replacers TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder dietary fiber, meat Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 200; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose LC 200; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 200 dietary fiber, meat prods. Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oatex®; Fibrex® dietary fiber, muesli mixes Vitacel® AF 400; Vitacel® AFF 12 dietary fiber, muffins ActiStar™ RT 75330; Hi-maize 260 dietary fiber, mustards Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber dietary fiber, noodles Hi-maize® 240

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dietary fiber, nutraceuticals Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oat Bran; Oat (Avena sativa) bran dietary fiber, nutritional bars Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oat Bran; Oat (Avena sativa) bran dietary fiber, nutritional drinks Oat (Avena sativa) bran dietary fiber, nutritional tablets Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 100 dietary fiber, nutrition bars Hi-maize® 240 dietary fiber, panades Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600 dietary fiber, pancakes ActiStar™ RT 75330 dietary fiber, pasta Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Micro-Lite Corn Bran; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Red Wheat Bran; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized White Wheat Bran Hi-maize 260; Hi-maize® 240; Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber; Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600 dietary fiber, pasta/noodles Novelose® 330 dietary fiber, pizza ActiStar™ RT 75330 dietary fiber, poultry Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 200; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 200 dietary fiber, powdered cheese Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 101; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101 dietary fiber, powdered drinks C*ActiStar™ dietary fiber, powdered foods Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 101 dietary fiber, powdered mixes C*ActiStar™ dietary fiber, powdered prods. Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 dietary fiber, pretzels Hi-maize 260 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dietary fiber, ready-to-eat cereals Novelose® 330 dietary fiber, reduced-calorie foods Fibrim®; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel WFG HS 73 dietary fiber, reduced-fat foods Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel WFG HS 73 dietary fiber, relishes Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered dietary fiber, rolls ActiStar™ RT 75330 dietary fiber, salad dressings Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered dietary fiber, sauces Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber; Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600/30; Vitacel® OF 400/30; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600/30 dietary fiber, sausage prods. Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600 dietary fiber, sausages Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 200; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 200; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600 dietary fiber, seasonings Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose EPG 70; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600; Vivapur® 101 dietary fiber, sheeted baked snacks Hi-maize® 240 dietary fiber, shredded cheeses Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 dietary fiber, slimming foods C*ActiStar™ dietary fiber, snack foods Amaranthus cruentus; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 200; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Micro-Lite Corn Bran Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Oatex®; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Red Wheat Bran; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized White Wheat Bran; Hi-maize 260; Novelose® 330

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Oat (Avena sativa) fiber; Puffed Amaranth; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ dietary fiber, soft cheeses Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered dietary fiber, soluble: juices Nutriloid® Gum Arabic dietary fiber, soluble: milk-based beverages TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder dietary fiber, soluble: milk shakes Nutriloid® Gum Arabic dietary fiber, soluble: nutritional bars TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder dietary fiber, soluble: pet foods TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder dietary fiber, soluble: powdered/liquid drinks Nutriloid® Gum Arabic dietary fiber, soluble: sauces Nutriloid® Gum Arabic dietary fiber, soluble: soups Nutriloid® Gum Arabic dietary fiber, soups Pea (Pisum sativum); Vivapur® 105 dietary fiber source Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Flour Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Granules; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R80R Flour dietary fiber, spices Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600 dietary fiber, stuffing Puffed Amaranth dietary fiber, supplements Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 200; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Red Wheat Bran; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized White Wheat Bran; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran dietary fiber, sweet breads ActiStar™ RT 75330 dietary fiber, tablets Microcrystalline cellulose; Vitacel® AF 12; Vitacel® Bamboo Fiber; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dietary fiber, thickened beverages Hi-maize® 240 dietary fiber, tortillas ActiStar™ RT 75330 dietary fiber, waffles Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 600; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 600 dietary fiber, yogurts Vitacel® AF 400/30 dietary iodine source, table salt Copper iodide (ous) dietary iron supplement, animal feed Ferronyl® dietary supplement DL-Alanine; Aldo® MCT Special KFG; CE 90 GMM; Chondroitin sulfate; Crossential® GLA E95 SR Crossential® EPO TG25; 1-Dotriacontanol; Ferric chloride; Ferric chloride hexahydrate; Gelatin 1-Heptacosanol; 1-Hexacosanol; HT® Monocalcium Phosphate; Iodine; Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol 30% Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol 95%; Lesstanol™ Natural Policosanol 60; Lucarotin® 30 M; Lucarotin® 30 SUN; MSG Myricyl alcohol; Oleic acid; Omegaphyl 3020; Silica gel; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil 1-Tetracosanol; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R80R Flour; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil; Zinc acetate dietary supplement, acid-based drinks Cysteine Peption dietary supplement, amino acid: food Arginine glutamate dietary supplement, antioxidants Lutein DC dietary supplement, aq. systems Cardioaid™-M; Cardioaid™-CZ; Cardioaid™-S dietary supplement, baby prods. Sodium ascorbate dietary supplement, bagels Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ TypeGI Granules dietary supplement, baked goods L-Aspartic acid; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Dairyland C 270; L-Glutamine; LHistidine 2224

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Iron; Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous); Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil DL-Phenylalanine; Pyridoxine HCl; LTyrosine dietary supplement, bakery prods. Corn (Zea mays) oil dietary supplement, baking Glucose; Lactose dietary supplement, baking mixes Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate dietary supplement, baking powder Calcium glycerophosphate dietary supplement, bars Cysteine Peption dietary supplement, beer Corn syrup dietary supplement, beer malting Potassium chloride dietary supplement, beverages L-Aspartic acid; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Cardioaid™-M; Cardioaid™-CZ; Cardioaid™-S Corn syrup; Gadocal+; Gadomag+; Gadozinc+; Glycine Zinc citrate dietary supplement, breads Ferric phosphate; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules dietary supplement, breakfast cereals Pyridoxine HCl dietary supplement, brewing Glucose dietary supplement, butter Carotene; Lactose dietary supplement, cake mixes Potassium D-gluconate; Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P dietary supplement, cakes Dairyland C 270; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules dietary supplement, calcium fortification: food Calcium fumarate dietary supplement, canning Glucose dietary supplement, cereal flours Calcium hydroxide phosphate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dietary supplement, cereal prods. Calcium phosphate dibasic; Iron dietary supplement, cereals Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Ergocalciferol; Ferrous fumarate; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Py-ran® Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; DL-α-Tryptophan dietary supplement, cheeses Carotene; Casein; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate dietary supplement, chewable tablets Covitol® 700 dietary supplement, citrus flavored applics. Gadocal+ dietary supplement, clinical nutrition Crossential® LN80; Incromega DHA 500TG SR; Incromega DHA700E SR dietary supplement, cold-breakfast cereals Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ TypeR Flour dietary supplement, condiments L-Aspartic acid; DL-Phenylalanine; LTyrosine dietary supplement, confectionery Glucose; L-Histidine; Lactose dietary supplement, cookies Ferrous sulfate monohydrate; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets dietary supplement, cooking oils Soybean (Glycine soja) oil dietary supplement, crackers Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets dietary supplement, cream Sodium hexametaphosphate dietary supplement, creamed cottage cheeses Calcium caseinate dietary supplement, cream fillings Dairyland C 270 dietary supplement, cured meats Sodium ascorbate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dietary supplement, dairy prods. Carotene; L-Histidine; Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous) Pyridoxine HCl; Sodium ascorbate; Sodium gluconate; Vegapure® 67 WDP dietary supplement, diabetic food Xylitol dietary supplement, dietetic food Potassium D-gluconate; Sodium gluconate; Xylitol dietary supplement, donuts Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour dietary supplement, dough Py-ran® dietary supplement, dressings Calcium hydroxide phosphate dietary supplement, dried soups Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mycelium Biomass, Certified Organic dietary supplement, drink mixes Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681; Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P dietary supplement, dry-mix beverages Potassium D-gluconate dietary supplement, dry-mix desserts Potassium D-gluconate dietary supplement, dry powdered mixes Covitol® 700 WD dietary supplement, effervescent tablets Covitol® 700 WD dietary supplement, eggs Sodium hexametaphosphate dietary supplement, enriched flour Ferrous sulfate monohydrate; Nicotinic acid; Riboflavin; Thiamine dietary supplement, evaporated milk Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate dietary supplement, fats/oils Carotene dietary supplement, fillings Calcium glycerophosphate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dietary supplement, fish prods. Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous) dietary supplement, flour Iron dietary supplement, flour enrichment Ferrous sulfate anhydrous dietary supplement, flour mixes Thiamine nitrate dietary supplement, food N-Acetyl-L-methionine; L-Alanine; Alcolec® Granules; Aldo® MCT KFG; Aluminum lactate L-Arginine; L-Arginine monohydrochloride; L-Ascorbic acid; Ascorbyl stearate; LAsparagine DL-Aspartic acid; L-Aspartic acid; Attapulgite; d-Biotin; Bis (aminopropyl) piperazine CVC™ Type A Coated Ascorbic Acid; Calcium Carbonate 2927 Extra Heavy; Calcium Carbonate 2928 Ultra Heavy; Calcium carbonate; Calcium Carbonate BC 300 Light Calcium Carbonate BC 2924 Extra Light; Calcium Carbonate BC 2925 Medium; Calcium Carbonate BC 2926 Light; Calcium Carbonate Purified 2923 Heavy; Calcium caseinate Calcium citrate; Calcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate; Calcium glycerophosphate; Calcium oxide; Calcium Oxide 801 Calcium D-pantothenate; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium phosphate tribasic Calcium pyrophosphate; Calcium Stearate 2307-G; Calcium sulfate; Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Carotene Cholecalciferol; Choline bitartrate; Choline chloride; Cod liver oil; Copper Copper gluconate (ic); Copper iodide (ous); Corn syrup; Corn (Zea mays) gluten protein; Corn (Zea mays) oil Corn (Zea mays) starch; Covitol® 1360; Covitol® 1360J; Covitol® F-350M; Covitol® F-1000-2 Cyanocobalamin; L-Cysteine; Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate; L-Cystine; EnergySmart® Granular

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference EnergySmart® Liquid; Ergocalciferol; Ferric citrate; Ferric phosphate; Ferric pyrophosphate Ferric sodium pyrophosphate; Ferrous ascorbate; Ferrous carbonate; Ferrous citrate; Ferrous fumarate Ferrous gluconate; Ferrous gluconate dihydrate; Ferrous lactate; Ferrous sulfate anhydrous; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate Ferrous sulfate monohydrate; Folic acid; Fumaric acid; Gadocal Gold; Gadolin Calcium Gadolin Magnesium; Gadomag+; Gado Multimin; Gadozinc+; D-Gluconic acid Glucosamine sulfate potassium; Glucose; L-Glutamic acid; L-Glutamic acid hydrochloride; L-Glutamine Glycine; L-Histidine; Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate; Hydrogenated cottonseed oil; Hydrolyzed protein L-Hydroxyproline; Inositol; Iron; Iron ammonium citrate; DL-Isoleucine L-Isoleucine; Kelp; Lactose; DL-Leucine; LLeucine Linoleic acid; Lipoec®; L-Lysine; L-Lysine hydrochloride; Magnesium aspartate Magnesium citrate dibasic; Magnesium fumarate; Magnesium gluconate; Magnesium lactate; Magnesium phosphate dibasic Magnesium phosphate tribasic; Magnesium Stearate 2311-G; Magnesium sulfate anhydrous; Mag-nificent; Manganese chloride (ous), tetrahydrate Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese glycerophosphate; Manganese hypophosphite; Manganese oxide (ous) Manganese sulfate (ous); D-Mannitol; Marinco® OH; DL-Methionine; L-Methionine Nicotinic acid; Nicotinic acid; Nutriene Tocotrienol; D-Panthenol; DL-Panthenol Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; DLPhenylalanine; L-Phenylalanine; Phospholipids; Potassium ascorbate Potassium aspartate; Potassium chloride; Potassium fumarate; Potassium Dgluconate; Potassium glutamate Potassium glycerophosphate; Potassium iodide; L-Proline; Pyridoxine; Pyridoxine HCl

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Retinol; Retinyl acetate; Retinyl palmitate; Riboflavin; Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium DL-Serine; L-Serine; Sodium ascorbate; Sodium aspartate; Sodium fumarate Sodium gluconate; Sodium pantothenate; Sodium phosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Sodium phosphate tribasic; Sorbitol; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate; Thiamine nitrate; Thioctic acid; L-Threonine Tocopherol; D-α-Tocopherol; DL-αTocopherol; Tocopheryl acetate; d-αTocopheryl acetate dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate; Tocopheryl succinate; Triacetin; DL-α-Tryptophan; LTryptophan L-Tyrosine; DL-α-Valine; L-Valine; Vee Gee 100 B; Vegapure® 67 WDP Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-681; Xylitol Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P; Zeaxanthin; Zinc chloride; Zinc citrate Zinc gluconate; Zinc lactate; Zinc methionine sulfate; Zinc oxide; Zinc Oxide 66 Zinc Oxide 6601; Zinc Oxide 6605; Zinc stearate; Zinc sulfate; Zinc sulfate heptahydrate dietary supplement, food premixes DHA Beadlets Type 15; Lutein-Beads® dietary supplement, food processing Calcium Oxide 801 dietary supplement, food: special dietary use D-Pantothenamide dietary supplement, frostings L-Histidine dietary supplement, frozen desserts Calcium caseinate; Casein dietary supplement, frozen waffles Ferrous fumarate 2227

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dietary supplement, fruit jellies Py-ran® dietary supplement, fruit juices Carotene dietary supplement, functional foods Incromega TG3322; Vegapure® 67 WDP dietary supplement, gelatin Calcium glycerophosphate dietary supplement, grain prods. Ergocalciferol dietary supplement, gravies Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P dietary supplement, half & half Sodium hexametaphosphate dietary supplement, hard capsules Lutein DC dietary supplement, high-energy food Mix 41 dietary supplement, hot breakfast cereals Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ TypeR Flour dietary supplement, hypoallergenic food prods. Beta-Carotene Dry Powd. 10% DC/GFP dietary supplement, ice cream Carotene; Sodium hexametaphosphate; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets dietary supplement, infant eye/brain/nervous system development Incromega DHA 500TG SR; Incromega DHA700E SR dietary supplement, infant food Lactose dietary supplement, infant formulas Arachidonic acid; Calcium D-pantothenate; L-Carnitine; Carotene; Cholecalciferol Cyanocobalamin; Docosahexaenoic acid; Ergocalciferol; Ferric citrate; Ferric phosphate Ferric pyrophosphate; Ferrous ascorbate; Ferrous carbonate; Ferrous citrate; Ferrous fumarate Ferrous gluconate; Ferrous gluconate dihydrate; Ferrous lactate; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Formulaid® Inositol; Iron ammonium citrate; Linoleic acid; Magnesium phosphate tribasic; Manganese chloride (ous), tetrahydrate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous); Nicotinic acid; Potassium chloride Pyridoxine HCl; Retinol; Retinyl acetate; Retinyl palmitate; Riboflavin Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium; Thiamine nitrate dietary supplement, instant drink mixes CE 90 GBT dietary supplement, liquid preps. Covitol® 1360J dietary supplement, lycopene tablets Lutein DC dietary supplement, margarine Cholecalciferol; Corn (Zea mays) oil; Ergocalciferol; Lactose; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil Soybean (Glycine soja) oil dietary supplement, maternal nutrition Incromega DHA 500TG SR; Incromega DHA700E SR dietary supplement, mayonnaise Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil dietary supplement, meat L-Aspartic acid; L-Glutamine; L-Histidine; DL-Phenylalanine; Potassium glutamate Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; LTyrosine dietary supplement, meat prods. Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous); Pyridoxine HCl; Sodium gluconate Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate dietary supplement, milk Ergocalciferol dietary supplement, milk prods. Ergocalciferol; Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous); Pyridoxine HCl Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium dietary supplement, muffins Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ TypeGI Granules dietary supplement, multivitamin-mineral tablets Lutein DC dietary supplement, multivitamin preps. Niacinamide ascorbate 2228

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dietary supplement, nonalcoholic beverages Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous); Pyridoxine HCl dietary supplement, nondairy creamers Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P dietary supplement, noodles Ferrous sulfate monohydrate dietary supplement, nut prods. L-Glutamine; DL-Phenylalanine dietary supplement, nut replacements Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets dietary supplement, nutrients: food Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten dietary supplement, nutritional beverages Calcium caseinate dietary supplement, nutritional diet supplements EE 90 FX dietary supplement, nutritional: food Viobin Wheat Germ Oil dietary supplement, nutrition bars Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules dietary supplement, oleomargarine Carotene dietary supplement, orange beverages Carotene dietary supplement, pasta Ergocalciferol; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Iron dietary supplement, pellagra prevention: food Niacinamide dietary supplement, pellagra prevention: infant formulas Niacinamide dietary supplement, pies Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour dietary supplement, plant protein prods. Pyridoxine HCl dietary supplement, poultry Sodium hexametaphosphate dietary supplement, poultry prods. Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous) dietary supplement, powdered diet supplements Calcium caseinate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dietary supplement, powders Cysteine Peption dietary supplement, prepared meats Sodium ascorbate dietary supplement, preserves Py-ran® dietary supplement, processed cheeses Calcium caseinate; Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate dietary supplement, processed fruits Carotene dietary supplement, protein supplements EE 90 FX dietary supplement, puddings Calcium glycerophosphate; Carotene dietary supplement, rendered fats Glycine dietary supplement, salad oils Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil dietary supplement, salad toppings Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets dietary supplement, sauces Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P dietary supplement, seafood Sodium hexametaphosphate dietary supplement, seasonings L-Aspartic acid; L-Glutamine; DLPhenylalanine; L-Tyrosine dietary supplement, shortening Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil dietary supplement, snack bars Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules dietary supplement, snack foods Pyridoxine HCl; L-Tyrosine dietary supplement, snack mixes Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules dietary supplement, soft candy L-Glutamine dietary supplement, soft drinks Corn syrup 2229

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dietary supplement, special dietary food Aluminum nicotinate; Calcium pantothenate calcium chloride double salt (d or dl); CE 90 GBT; Ferric choline citrate dietary supplement, special dietary uses Xylitol dietary supplement, sports tablets CE 90 GBT dietary supplement, sugar processing Calcium oxide dietary supplement, sweets Dairyland C 270 dietary supplement, table salt Potassium iodide dietary supplement, table spreads Vegapure® 67 WDP dietary supplement, table syrups Sodium hexametaphosphate dietary supplement, table toppings Sodium hexametaphosphate dietary supplement, therapeutic infant formulas CE 90 STL dietary supplement, tonic drinks Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mycelium Biomass, Certified Organic dietary supplement, tripe Potassium D-gluconate dietary supplement, two-piece capsules Covitol® 700 dietary supplement, vegetables Sodium hexametaphosphate dietary supplement, vitamin fortification: food Pyridoxine Hydrochloride USP, FCC dietary supplement, vitamin tablets Zinc methionine sulfate dietary supplement, weight-loss food Mix 63; Mix 70 dietary supplement, whey Sodium hexametaphosphate dietary supplement, wine Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Glucose dietary supplement, yeast-leavened baked goods Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous dietary supplement, yeast-leavened baked goods/mixes L-Cysteine dietary supplement, yeast-raised bakery prods. Terra Alba

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dietary supplement, yogurt toppings Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets digestion aid, fatty foods Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) digestive aid D-Panthenol; DL-Panthenol digestive aid, animal health formulas Pancreatin 3X USP Powder; Pancreatin 4X USP Granular; Pancreatin 4X USP Powder; Pancreatin 5X USP Powder; Pancreatin 6X USP Powder Pancreatin 8X USP Powder; Pancreatin BP 98; Pancreatin USP 23; Pancrelipase USP Powder; Pepsin 1:3000 Powder Pepsin 1:6000; Pepsin 1:10,000 Powd. or Gran.; Pepsin 1:15,000 Powd. digestive aid, beverages Aloe Vera Gel 1X; Aloe Vera Gel 10X; Aloe Vera Gel 40X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 1X digestive aid, brewing industry Cellulase digestive aid, coagulated egg albumen Pepsin 1:3000 Powder; Pepsin 1:6000; Pepsin 1:10,000 Powd. or Gran.; Pepsin 1:15,000 Powd. digestive aid, food Aloe Vera Gel 1X; Aloe Vera Gel 10X; Aloe Vera Gel 40X; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel; Aloe Vera Whole Leaf Gel 1X digestive aid, health drinks Aloe Vera Gel - Natural; Aloe Vera Gel Natural with Pulp; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 1X; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 10X; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 40X digestive aid, health foods Aloe Vera Gel - Natural; Aloe Vera Gel Natural with Pulp; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 1X; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 10X; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 40X digestive aid, juice blends Aloe Vera Gel - Natural; Aloe Vera Gel Natural with Pulp; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 1X; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 10X; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 40X digestive aid, nutritional formulas Pancreatin 3X USP Powder; Pancreatin 4X USP Granular; Pancreatin 4X USP Powder; Pancreatin 5X USP Powder; Pancreatin 6X USP Powder 2230

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Pancreatin 8X USP Powder; Pancreatin BP 98; Pancreatin USP 23; Pancrelipase USP Powder; Pepsin 1:3000 Powder Pepsin 1:6000; Pepsin 1:10,000 Powd. or Gran.; Pepsin 1:15,000 Powd. digestive aid, sports/fitness drinks Aloe Vera Gel - Natural; Aloe Vera Gel Natural with Pulp; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 1X; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 10X; Aloe Vera Gel Regular 40X diluent, cake mixes Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 diluent, clinical nutrition Captex® 300; Captex® 350; Captex® 355 EP/NF; Captex® 355; Captex® 1000 Clarity diluent, color additive coatings: fresh citrus fruits Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 540 Blend; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 600; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 900 Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1000; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1450; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 3350; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 4600; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 8000 diluent, colorants: confectionery Butyl alcohol; Isopropyl alcohol; Methoxyethanol; PVP; Shellac diluent, colorants: egg shells Calcium resinate; Glycol distearate diluent, colorants: food Acetic acid; Acetone; Ammonium alginate; Ammonium hydroxide; Copals, Manila Dammar; Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; Ethocel™ Standard 4 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium; Ethoxyethanol Ethyl acetate; Ethylcellulose; Isopropyl alcohol; Japan (Rhus succedanea) wax; Methoxyethanol Methylene chloride; Naphtha; NEOBEE® 1053; PEG-2 distearate; Polysorbate 80 Polyvinyl acetate; PVP; Rosin; Shellac; Silica Terpene resin diluent, colorants: frostings Ammonium alginate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

diluent, colorants: fruits Acetone; Benzoin; PVP diluent, colorants: gelatin Ammonium alginate diluent, colorants: gum Butyl alcohol; Isopropyl alcohol; Methoxyethanol; PVP; Shellac diluent, colorants: hops extract Isopropyl alcohol diluent, colorants: ice cream Ammonium alginate diluent, colorants: jams Ammonium alginate diluent, colorants: jellies Ammonium alginate diluent, colorants: lemon oil Isopropyl alcohol diluent, colorants: marking food SD alcohol 3-A diluent, colorants: marking foods Aqualon® N-7; Aqualon® N-10; Aqualon® N-14; Aqualon® N-22; Aqualon® N-50 Aqualon® N-100 diluent, colorants: mineral concs. PVP diluent, colorants: poultry Methoxyethanol diluent, colorants: sauces Ammonium alginate diluent, colorants: shell egg coloring SD alcohol 23-A diluent, colorants: spice oleoresins Acetone; Isopropyl alcohol diluent, colorants: tableted food supplements Butyl alcohol; Isopropyl alcohol; Methoxyethanol diluent, colorants: tableted nonnutritive sweeteners PVP diluent, colorants: tablet food supplements Shellac diluent, colorants: toppings Ammonium alginate diluent, colorants: vegetables Acetone; Benzoin diluent, color blends N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin diluent, color: vitamin concs. PVP diluent, confectionery Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference diluent, cookie mixes Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 diluent, corn popping Pureco® 76 diluent, dehydrated foods Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 diluent, dry mix beverages N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin diluent, dry mixes Maltrin® M510 diluent, egg shell colorants Polyvinyl alcohol diluent, egg shell dyeing PEG-2 distearate diluent, essential oils NEOBEE® 1053; NEOBEE® M-20 diluent, flavored syrups Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 diluent, flavors Aldo® MCT KFG; Caprylic triglyceride; Coconad MT; Coconad RK; NEOBEE® M-5 Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate diluent, food Aldo® MCT Special KFG; Altalc 500 USP; Amaranth; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 Maltrin® M510; Maltrin® QD M440; Maltrin® QD M500; Maltrin® QD M550; Maltrin® QD M580 Maltrin® QD M600; Pre-Gel Amaranth Powder; Pure-Dent® B810 NF; Pure-Dent® B812 USP; Pure-Dent® B815 NF Pure-Dent® B816 USP; Pure-Dent® B880 NF; Pure-Dent® B890 NF; Sodium bicarbonate; Sodium sulfate diluent, frozen desserts Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 diluent, general purpose food applics. Pureco® 76 diluent, glazes Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 diluent, infant formulas Captex® 300; Captex® 350; Captex® 355; Captex® 1000; Pureco® 76 Tricaprin diluent, inks: marking foods Aqualon® N-7; Aqualon® N-10; Aqualon® N-14; Aqualon® N-22; Aqualon® N-50 Aqualon® N-100 diluent, mellorine Pureco® 76 diluent, nutritional applics. Captex® 810D Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

diluent, nutritional fluids NEOBEE® M-5 diluent, nutritional/sports supplements Captex® 350; Captex® 1000; Clarity; Pureco® 76 diluent, nutritional supplements Tricaprin diluent, nut roasting Pureco® 76 diluent, soluble colorants Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate diluent, spice blends N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin diluent, sports supplements Captex® 355; Tricaprin diluent, tableting Altalc 500 USP diluent, vitamins Liponate GC-K; Liponate PC; NEOBEE® M5; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate discoloration inhibitor, potatoes Puron F disinfectant, beverages Sodium hypochlorite disinfectant, bleaching flour Adox® 3125 disinfectant, food Sodium hypochlorite disinfectant, food processing equip. Adox® 3125 disinfectant, meat processing plants Adox® 3125 disinfectant, poultry chiller water Adox® 3125 disinfectant, sugar refining Protectol® GDA disinfectant, tobacco plants Sodium hypochlorite disintegrant, dry blends Explosol® SSG-1; Explosol® SSG-2; Tablo® disintegrant, dry granulation Tablo® disintegrant, food Amaranth; Cellulose; Explosol® SSG-1; Explosol® SSG-2; Pre-Gel Amaranth Powder Pure-Dent® B810 NF; Tablo® disintegrant, wet granulation Tablo®

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dispersant Alumina; Avapol™ 60; Avapol™ 60K; Avebe SPG 20; C*HiForm 12715 C*HiForm 12716; C*HiForm 12791; Complemix® 100; Crillet 4 Super; DK Ester F-10 DK Ester F 70; DK Ester F 90; DK Ester F140; Imwitor® 491; Imwitor® 928 Lecion LP-1; SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40; SAPP 43 SAPP RD-1; Tagat® L2; Tagat® O2; Tagat® S; Tagat® S2 Tween® 61 dispersant, aq. system colors Alcolec® Z-3 dispersant, aq. system flavors Alcolec® Z-3 dispersant, aq. systems Emulfluid® A dispersant, baby foods Glucodry 210 G; Maldex 150; Maldex 180; Maldex G 180 dispersant, baked goods Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Emulfluid® AS; Emulfluid® HL 66; Emulthin M-35 Emulpur™ N; Imwitor® 550; Lecithin; Phosphatidylcholine dispersant, bakery PEG-80 sorbitan laurate dispersant, bakery mixes C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 dispersant, bakery prods. Ammonium caseinate; Avebe MD 20 dispersant, baking mixes Glyceryl oleate dispersant, beverage powders Lecithin dispersant, beverages Citric Acid, USP FCC Anhydrous Granular; Citric Acid Anhyd.FG; Citric Acid Anhyd.GR; Glyceryl oleate; Insta*Thick® G2X-10 Insta*Thick® Guar Gum dispersant, biscuits Avebe MD 20 dispersant, boiler water: food-contact Acumer® 1510; Polyacrylic acid dispersant, bread improvers Imwitor® 900 dispersant, breads Glyceryl mono shortening; Imwitor® 550 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dispersant, cake fillings Polysorbate 65 dispersant, cake icings Polysorbate 65 dispersant, cake mixes N-Zorbit® M; Polysorbate 65; Tapioca maltodextrin; Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P dispersant, cakes Durem™ 224 NG; Glyceryl mono shortening; Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 65 dispersant, cakes/cake mixes Imwitor® 550 dispersant, candy Arabinogalactan dispersant, canned pet foods Methocel® K100LV Premium dispersant, cheese preps. C*HiForm 12748 dispersant, cheese sauces C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 12748 dispersant, chewing gum Emulfluid® HL 66; Glyceryl oleate dispersant, chocolate Centrol® 3F SB; Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Topcithin® dispersant, chocolate candy Phosphatidylcholine dispersant, clinical nutrition Capmul® GMO; Capmul® MCM; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 10G10O; Caprol® PGE860 dispersant, cocoa powders Lecithin dispersant, coffee whiteners Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Crodatem L; Glyceryl oleate; Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides Lumulse® POE (20) GMSK; Palm glycerides; Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 65 dispersant, cold water-soluble food Metarin™ 436 dispersant, colorant/flavor suspensions Lecigran™ 5750; Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ F Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ T dispersant, colorants Durem™ 300; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170; Santone® 8-1-O Santone® 10-10-0; Solec™ A dispersant, colorants/flavors Solec™ S 2233

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dispersant, colorants/flavors: pickles Tween® 80V Pharma dispersant, color: water Santone® 3-1-SH dispersant, confectionery Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Emulfluid® HL 66; Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic; Maldex 150 Maldex 180; Maldex G 180; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; PVP dispersant, confectionery coatings Polysorbate 60 dispersant, convenience food PEG-80 sorbitan laurate dispersant, cookies Avebe MD 20; Emulpur™ N dispersant, crackers Avebe MD 20; Emulpur™ N dispersant, cream fillings Insta*Thick® Guar Gum dispersant, dairy/fruit dips Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10 dispersant, dairy mixes Glyceryl mono shortening dispersant, dairy prods. Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Mira-Sperse® 622 Mira-Sperse® 2000; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate dispersant, Danish Durem™ 224 NG dispersant, desserts Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium dispersant, dietetic prods. Methocel® K15M Premium; Miglyol® 812; Miglyol® 840 dispersant, dressings Binasol™ 15; C*HiForm 12747; C*HiForm 12748; Mira-Sperse® 2000; Polysorbate 60 dispersant, drink mixes Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P dispersant, dry coffee whiteners Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K; Lumisorb™ PSTS20K; Lumisorb™ SMS KP dispersant, dry food mixes C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345; N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dispersant, dry mixes Glucodry 210 G; Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® X-10; Maldex 150; Maldex 180 Maldex G 180; Star-Dri® 1005A; Star-Dri® 1015A dispersant, edible oils/shortenings Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG dispersant, encapsulation Methocel® K3 Premium dispersant, entrees Insta*Thick® G2X-10 dispersant, essential oils Arabinogalactan; DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher; Tween® 20 Pharma dispersant, extruded seafood prods. Methocel® K4M Premium dispersant, fat: butter sauces Tapioca dextrin dispersant, fat: butter sauces: frozen vegetables Crystal Gum™ dispersant, fat: coffee whiteners Panodan™ 120 Series; Panodan™ 140 Series; Panodan™ 150; Panodan™ 205; Panodan™ FDP Panodan™ SDK dispersant, fat particles: coffee whiteners Alphadim® 90AB; Alphadim® 90SBK dispersant, fats Albrite® STPP-F; Albrite® STPP-FC; BFP 65K; BFP L 100; Sucroglycerides Sucrose fatty acid esters dispersant, fats/oils: baked goods Palm oil sucroglyceride dispersant, fats/oils: food Palm oil sucroglyceride dispersant, fat: soups GMS 402V dispersant, fillings Insta*Thick® X-10 dispersant, flavor bases Arabinogalactan dispersant, flavor/color: yeast defoamers Tween® 80V Pharma dispersant, flavor oils Lumisorb™ PSMO-20K; Lumisorb™ SMS KP dispersant, flavors Aldo® MLD KFG; DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher; Durem™ 300; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670

2234

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670; Santone® 8-1-O; Santone® 10-10-0; Solec™ A Span® 60; Sucrose stearate; Tween® 20 Pharma; Tween® 60 Pharma; Tween® 60K Tween® 81; Tween® 85 dispersant, flavors: cakes Polycon® S60 K dispersant, flavors: coffee whiteners Polycon® S60 K dispersant, flavors: confectionery Polycon® S60 K dispersant, flavor-sensitive systems Emulpur™ N dispersant, flavors: food Glycosperse® L-20 K; Polycon® S60 K; Polysorbate 40 dispersant, flavors: icings Polycon® S60 K dispersant, flavors: water Santone® 3-1-SH dispersant, flavors: whipped toppings Polycon® S60 K dispersant, food Alcolec® BS; Alcolec® S; Alcolec® Z-3; Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG Aldosperse® MS-20; Ammonium caseinate; Arabinogalactan; Avapol™ 65; Avapol™ 80 Avapol™ 80K; Avester™ SMS sobitan ester; Beakin LV4; Britol® 6NF; Britol® 7NF Britol® 9NF; Britol® 20USP; Britol® 35USP; Britol® 50USP; Capmul® GMO Caprol® 10G10O; Cellulose; Centrol® 3F SB; Citric Acid, USP FCC Anhydrous Granular; Citric acid Citric Acid Anhyd.FG; Citric Acid Anhyd.GR; Clearate Special Extra; Crill 50; Crillet 1 HP Crillet 1 NF; Crillet 4 HP; Crillet 4 NF; Decaglyn 1-L; Decaglyn 1-LN Decaglyn 1-M; Decaglyn 1-OV; Decaglyn 1SV; Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; DK Ester F-20W DK Ester F-50; Emulthin M-35; Glyceryl cottonseed oil; Glyceryl isostearate; Glyceryl laurate Glyceryl mono shortening; Glyceryl oleate; Hercules® AR 160; Hydrogenated lard glyceride; Hydrogenated lard glycerides Hydrogenated palm glyceride; Hydrogenated palm glycerides; Hydrogenated soy glyceride; Hydrogenated Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

soy glycerides; Hydrogenated tallow glyceride Hydrogenated tallow glycerides; Insta*Thick® CMC 10(12) HS; Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Lard glycerides Lauryl betaine; Lecisperse™ 3236; Lecithin; Methocel® E4M Premium EP; Methocel® E6 Premium Methocel® E15LV Premium; Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100M Premium Microcrystalline cellulose; Nonoxynol-6; Nonoxynol-40; Nonoxynol-50; Octoxynol-9 Octoxynol-30; Octoxynol-40; Palm glyceride; Palm glycerides; PEG-6 dilaurate PEG-20 dilaurate; PEG-32 dilaurate; PEG-75 dilaurate; PEG-150 dilaurate; PEG-4 dioleate PEG-6 dioleate; PEG-8 dioleate; PEG-20 dioleate; PEG-32 dioleate; PEG-75 dioleate PEG-150 dioleate; PEG-6 distearate; PEG-20 distearate; PEG-32 distearate; PEG-75 distearate PEG-20 glyceryl stearate; PEG-32 laurate; PEG-6 oleate; PEG-8 oleate; PEG-32 oleate PEG-75 oleate; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; PEG-20 sorbitan tritallate; PEG stearate; PEG-6 stearate PEG-32 stearate; PEG-75 stearate; Phosphatidylcholine; Plasdone® C-15; Plasdone® C-30 Plasdone® K-25; Plasdone® K-29/32; Plasdone® K-90; Pluracol® E300; Pluracol® E400 Pluracol® E600; Pluracol® E4000; Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate; Polyglyceryl-10 isostearate Polyglyceryl-10 isostearate; Polyglyceryl-10 laurate; Polyglyceryl-10 linoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 linoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 myristate Polyglyceryl-10 octaoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 oleate; Polyglyceryl-10 stearate; Polysorbate 20; Polysorbate 60 Polysorbate 65; Polysorbate 80; Polysorbate 85; Potassium persulfate; Propylene glycol PVP; Rudol®; Ryoto Sugar Ester B-370; Ryoto Sugar Ester L-595; Ryoto Sugar Ester L-1695 2235

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ryoto Sugar Ester M-1695; Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570; SiLCRON® G-100; SiLCRON® G-650; S-Maz® 80K S-Maz® 85K; Sodium decylbenzene sulfonate; Sorbitan tritallate; Span® 85; SS10MV Sucrose dilaurate; Sucrose laurate; Sucrose myristate; Sucrose tribehenate; Sunflower seed oil glyceride Sunflower seed oil glycerides; TO-10V; TS10MV; TS-10V; Tallow glyceride T-Maz® 20; T-Maz® 28; T-Maz® 80; T-Maz® 80KLM; T-Maz® 81 Topcithin®; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins; Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P dispersant, food colorants Sucrose erucate dispersant, food processing Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 540 Blend; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 600; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 900 Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1000; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 1450; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 3350; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 4600; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 8000 dispersant, food tablets Pluracol® E300; Pluracol® E400; Pluracol® E600; Pluracol® E4000 dispersant, fresh cheeses C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345 dispersant, frozen dairy desserts Insta*Thick® Guar Gum dispersant, frozen desserts Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Polysorbate 65 dispersant, frozen doughs Emulpur™ N dispersant, fruits PVP dispersant, gelatin desserts Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Glycosperse® S20 KFG; Polysorbate 80 dispersant, gelatin Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK dispersant, gravies Binasol™ 15; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10; Methocel® K15M Premium; Mira-Sperse® 2000 Star-Dri® 1005A; Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dispersant, gravy mixes N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin dispersant, ground cheese Vivapur® 101 dispersant, gum PVP dispersant, health foods Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins dispersant, high-fat systems Emulfluid® E dispersant, high-fiber mixes Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic dispersant, high-heat systems Emulfluid® AS dispersant, high-solids preps. DREWPOL® 10-6-O; Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate dispersant, hot instant drinks C*HiForm 12748 dispersant, hot instant energy drinks C*HiForm 72345 dispersant, hot instant gravies C*HiForm 12748 dispersant, hot instant sauce binders C*HiForm 12747 dispersant, hot instant sauces C*HiForm 12748 dispersant, hot instant soups C*HiForm 12748 dispersant, ice cream Emulpur™ N; Imwitor® 900; Polysorbate 65 dispersant, ice cream cones Methocel® K4M Premium dispersant, icings Durem™ 224 NG; Glyceryl mono shortening; Methocel® K4M Premium dispersant, indirect extruded snacks C*HiForm 12747 dispersant, infant formulas Capmul® GMO; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 10G10O; Caprol® PGE860; Topcithin® dispersant, instant creams fillings C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345 dispersant, instant desserts Avebe MD 20; C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 dispersant, instant foods Vivapur® 101 dispersant, instant pie fillings C*HiForm 12747; C*HiForm 12748 dispersant, instant puddings C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 2236

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dispersant, jams C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345 dispersant, liquid beverages Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic dispersant, malted milk Tetrasodium pyrophosphate dispersant, margarine Centrol® 3F SB; Durem™ 224 NG; Imwitor® 900; Phosphatidylcholine; Polyaldo® DGDO Polyaldo® DGDO KFG dispersant, marmalade C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345 dispersant, mayonnaise Phosphatidylcholine dispersant, meat Nutrifos® 100 dispersant, meat prods. Glyceryl oleate; Lecithin dispersant, microwave foods C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 dispersant, milk prods. Topcithin® dispersant, mineral concs. PVP dispersant, minerals PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9; PEG-10 PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20; PEG-32 PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG-150; PEG180 Polyethylene glycol dispersant, mousses Methocel® K100LV Premium dispersant, nondairy coffee whiteners Liposorb TS-20K dispersant, nondairy creamers Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P dispersant, nonnutritive sweeteners Arabinogalactan dispersant, nonstandardized dressings Arabinogalactan dispersant, nutritional applics. Imwitor® 988; Witafrol® 7420 dispersant, nutritional beverages Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Star-Dri® 1005A; Star-Dri® 1015A dispersant, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® GMO; Capmul® MCM; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 10G10O; Caprol® PGE860 dispersant, oil emulsions Methocel® K3 Premium

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dispersant, oleomargarine Lecithin dispersant, o/w emulsions Emulfluid® A; Emulfluid® HL 66 dispersant, o/w prods. TS-10V dispersant, pastries Imwitor® 550 dispersant, peanut butter Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Excel 122V; Excel 200; Excel P-40S dispersant, pet foods Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Methocel® K15M Premium dispersant, pickles Durfax® 80; Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Polysorbate 80 dispersant, pigments: food Crill 43; Crill 45 dispersant, poultry Lecithin; Nutrifos® 100 dispersant, powdered mixes Emulfluid® HL 66; Emulpur™ N; Topcithin® dispersant, powders: food SiLCRON® G-910 dispersant, preservatives Sucrose stearate dispersant, processed meats Nutrifos® 100 dispersant, protein: whey processing Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos® dispersant, pudding mixes Arabinogalactan dispersant, quiche fillings C*HiForm 12747; C*HiForm 12748 dispersant, release agents Emulfluid® AS dispersant, relishes Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10 dispersant, salad dressings Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10 dispersant, salsas Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10 dispersant, sauce binders C*HiForm 72345 dispersant, sauces Binasol™ 15; Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® X10; Mira-Sperse® 2000 Star-Dri® 1005A; Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P 2237

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dispersant, sausage casings Span® 85 dispersant, sausages Imwitor® 900 dispersant, seafood Nutrifos® 100 dispersant, seasonings Vivapur® 101 dispersant, shortening Centrol® 3F SB; Glyceryl mono shortening; Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Lecithin dispersant, shortenings/edible oils Polysorbate 60 dispersant, snack foods Imwitor® 550 dispersant, soft drinks Tylopur® CB 30000 G1 dispersant, solvent systems Mazol® GMO K dispersant, soup mixes N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin dispersant, soups Binasol™ 15; Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® X-10; Methocel® K4M Premium; Mira-Sperse® 2000 dispersant, spice blends Star-Dri® 1005A dispersant, spice oils Aldo® MLD KFG dispersant, sports drinks Maldex 150; Maldex 180; Maldex G 180 dispersant, structured meats Methocel® K4M Premium dispersant, structured poultry Methocel® K4M Premium dispersant, sweet doughs Durem™ 224 NG dispersant, tableted nonnutritive sweeteners PVP dispersant, tablets Microcrystalline cellulose dispersant, toppings Imwitor® 550; Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® X-10 dispersant, vegetable dairy systems Durem™ 224 NG dispersant, vegetable/fruit scrubbing Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570 dispersant, vegetable oils Glyceryl oleate dispersant, vending soups C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dispersant, vinaigrettes C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 dispersant, vitamin concs. PVP dispersant, vitamin-mineral preps. Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Polysorbate 80 dispersant, vitamin oils Tween® 20 Pharma; Tween® 60 Pharma; Tween® 81; Tween® 85 dispersant, vitamins Durfax® 80; PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9 PEG-10; PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20 PEG-32; PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG150 PEG-180; Polyethylene glycol dispersant, waffles Lecigran™ 5750 dispersant, whipped topping bases Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate; Polyglyceryl10 laurate; Polyglyceryl-10 myristate; Polyglyceryl-10 octaoleate; Polyglyceryl10 oleate Polyglyceryl-10 stearate dispersant, whipped toppings Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Durem™ 224 NG; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 65 dissolution aid, dry blends Explosol® SSG-1; Explosol® SSG-2; Tablo® dissolution aid, dry granulation Tablo® dissolution aid, food Explosol® SSG-1; Explosol® SSG-2; Tablo® dissolution aid, wet granulation Tablo® divider, large scale bakeries Wundrol 100 divider oil, bakery doughs Citation™ 70; Citation™ 90 divider oil, food Drakeol® 13; Drakeol® 19; Drakeol® 7; Drakeol® 9 dough conditioner Admul CSL 2010; Amygluten 110; Ascorbic Acid Tablets 120; Avapol™ 60; Avapol™ 60K B.F. Vita Plus 6429; Biogluten 130; Bromelain; CDC-2001; Durfax® EOM K

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Enzeco® Xylanase BSX; Glicepol GMS 20; Lipopan 50 BG; Meroxapol 105; Morton® Flour Salt Poloxamer 105; Poloxamer 108; Poloxamer 122; Poloxamer 123; Poloxamer 124 Poloxamer 181; Poloxamer 182; Poloxamer 183; Poloxamer 184; Poloxamer 185 Poloxamer 188; Poloxamer 212; Poloxamer 215; Poloxamer 217; Poloxamer 231 Poloxamer 234; Poloxamer 235; Poloxamer 237; Poloxamer 238; Poloxamer 282 Poloxamer 284; Poloxamer 288; Poloxamer 331; Poloxamer 333; Poloxamer 334 Poloxamer 335; Poloxamer 338; Poloxamer 401; Poloxamer 402; Poloxamer 407 Proflex; Py-ran®; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170 Sodium diacetate; Solec™ K dough conditioner, bagels Bagel Base; Empire NB-No Time Dough Conditioner dough conditioner, baked goods Admul Datem 1005; Ammonium phosphate; Ammonium sulfate; Asset; Blendmax 322 Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; DoughMaster 200; DoughMaster 200 Drize-P Powder; Durfax® EOM; Edicol®; Lactipol S; Lactylic stearate Lamesorb® SMO-20; Panodan™ 150 Kosher; PEG-20 glyceryl stearate; Polar Bake; Sodium chloride Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Soft Cel®; Soft Cel® (Without Soy Flour); Veron® 191; Whetpro®-75 dough conditioner, bakery mixes Lactylic stearate dough conditioner, bakery prods T-Maz® 60K dough conditioner, bakery prods. CFI-10; Coyote Brand Konjac A; N'Hance (Phase I) Powd.; Rikemal Super; Tween® 60V dough conditioner, baking mixes Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous dough conditioner, baking powder Ammonium phosphate dough conditioner, beer-brewing Ammonium chloride

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dough conditioner, beverages Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate dough conditioner, biscuits Neutrase® 1.5 MG dough conditioner, bread flours Ascorbo-120; Ascorbo-C Tablets dough conditioner, bread prods. Beta-Tabs dough conditioner, breads Acetone peroxides; Azodicarbonamide; B45; Basic Natural™ TM; Brew Aid B Without Oxidants Calcium iodate; Canarcel TW 60; CDC-10A; CDC-10A (NB); CFI-10 Empire NB-No Time Dough Conditioner; Fermaloid®; Lumulse® POE (20) GMSK; MLO®; Nutrisoy® 7B Potassium iodate; Prefera® CSL; Succinylated monoglycerides; Vitalex® A; Wheat-Eze® dough conditioner, buns Basic Natural™ TM; CFI-10; Vitalex® A; Wheat-Eze® dough conditioner, butter Sodium chloride dough conditioner, cake doughnuts C-D Stabilizer dough conditioner, cake fillings Lactylic stearate dough conditioner, cake icings Lactylic stearate dough conditioner, cake mixes Canarcel TW 60; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids dough conditioner, cakes Polysorbate 60 dough conditioner, cake toppings Lactylic stearate dough conditioner, canned foods Edicol® dough conditioner, cereals Calcium phosphate dibasic; Whetpro®-75 dough conditioner, cheese analog prods. Whetpro®-75 dough conditioner, cheeses Sodium chloride dough conditioner, coffee whiteners Polysorbate 60 dough conditioner, confection coatings Polysorbate 60

2239

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dough conditioner, confectionery Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids dough conditioner, continuous mix breads N'Hance CM dough conditioner, continuous mix processing Calib dough conditioner, cookie doughs Trem® dough conditioner, cookies Neutrase® 1.5 MG dough conditioner, cracker doughs Neutrase® 1.5 MG; Trem® dough conditioner, Danish pastries N'Hance SD dough conditioner, dehydrated fruits Lactylic stearate dough conditioner, dehydrated potatoes Sodium stearoyl lactylate dough conditioner, dehydrated vegetables Lactylic stearate dough conditioner, desserts Sodium stearoyl lactylate dough conditioner, doughnuts CFI-10 dough conditioner, dough stage: brew systems Brew Aid B Without Oxidants; Brewloid® dough conditioner, dressings Polysorbate 60 dough conditioner, English muffins Basic Natural™ TM; Beta-Tabs dough conditioner, enzyme: breads Amflex dough conditioner, fermentation Fermaloid® dough conditioner, flour Acetone peroxides dough conditioner, flour tortillas Beta-Tabs; Reduce®-150 dough conditioner, food 2X Regular Paniplus®; Admul Datem 1005; Aldosperse® 40/60; Aldosperse® O-20; Aldosperse® TS-20 Aldosperse® TS-40; Ammonium chloride; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Ammonium sulfate; Calcium Carbonate 2927 Extra Heavy Calcium Carbonate 2928 Ultra Heavy; Calcium bromate; Calcium carbonate; Calcium Carbonate BC 300 Light; Calcium Carbonate BC 2924 Extra Light Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Calcium Carbonate BC 2925 Medium; Calcium Carbonate BC 2926 Light; Calcium Carbonate Purified 2923 Heavy; Calcium lactate; Calcium oxide Calcium Oxide 801; Calcium peroxide; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium phosphate tribasic Calcium sulfate; IDX-20 NB; Lactylic stearate; Pationic® 930; Pationic® 940 Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polysorbate 40; Polysorbate 60; Potassium bromate; Potassium iodate Sodium chloride; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Sorbitan laurate; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten; Yelkin® SS dough conditioner, food processing Calcium Oxide 801 dough conditioner, French bread Crust EZE dough conditioner, frozen desserts Ammonium phosphate; Lactylic stearate dough conditioner, frozen doughs DoughMaster 300; DoughMaster 300; N'Hance SD dough conditioner, gelatin Ammonium sulfate dough conditioner, hard rolls Crust EZE dough conditioner, icings Sodium stearoyl lactylate dough conditioner, Italian bread Crust EZE dough conditioner, liquid fermentation systems N'Hance SD dough conditioner, margarine Ammonium phosphate; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids dough conditioner, mixes Sodium stearoyl lactylate dough conditioner, no-time bread systems Panicrust LC K dough conditioner, nutritional fortification Improved Paniplus M dough conditioner, nuts Sodium chloride dough conditioner, pasta Whetpro®-75 dough conditioner, pet foods Whetpro®-75

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dough conditioner, pie crusts Reduce®-150 dough conditioner, pie doughs Beta-Tabs dough conditioner, pies Pie Dough-N-Answer dough conditioner, pizza Beta-Tabs; DC-103; Do Sure dough conditioner, pizza crusts Panicrust LC K dough conditioner, pizza doughs Cain's PDC (Pizza Dough Conditioner) dough conditioner, pizza shells Reduce®-150 dough conditioner, poultry Sodium chloride dough conditioner, pudding mixes Lactylic stearate dough conditioner, puddings Ammonium sulfate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate dough conditioner, puff pastries Panicrust LC K dough conditioner, puff pastry Basic Natural™ TM; Beta-Tabs dough conditioner, rendered animal fats Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids dough conditioner, rolls Acetone peroxides; Canarcel TW 60; CFI-10; Crust EZE; Empire NB-No Time Dough Conditioner Nutrisoy® 7B; Prefera® CSL; Vitalex® A; Wheat-Eze® dough conditioner, shortening/edible oils Polysorbate 60 dough conditioner, short-time dough systems DC-103; DC-203CX dough conditioner, straight doughs N'Hance SD dough conditioner, sugar processing Calcium oxide dough conditioner, sweet doughs N'Hance SD dough conditioner, sweet goods Canarcel TW 60; CFI-10; Wheat-Eze® dough conditioner, tacos/tortillas Lumulse® GMO K dough conditioner, tortilla doughs Cain's PDC (Pizza Dough Conditioner); DC203CX dough conditioner, tortillas CFI-10; Panicrust LC K Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dough conditioner, wafers Neutrase® 1.5 MG dough conditioner, whipped toppings Ammonium phosphate; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polysorbate 60 dough conditioner, whole grain bread dry bases Ascorbo-160-2 Powder dough conditioner, whole grain bread dry mixes Ascorbo-160-2 Powder dough conditioner, yeast food HT® Monocalcium Phosphate dough conditioner, yeast-leavened baked goods Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous; EO/PO block polymer or copolymer; Mazol® 80 MGK dough conditioner, yeast-leavened prods. Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides dough conditioner, yeast-raised baked goods Carbrea® Tabs; Lactipol C; N'Hance (Phase II) Tablets; Sodium stearyl fumarate dough conditioner, yeast-raised bakery prods. CDC-50; CDC-2500; Solec™ 100L; Terra Alba; Trem® dough conditioner, yeast-raised doughs Panicrust LC K; Panodan™ FDP Kosher; Pantastic dough conditioner, yeast-raised frozen bakery prods. Imperial FD dough conditioner, yeast-raised prods. CDC-79; Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides dough divider Citation™ 180; ProKote™ ODO dough modifier, corn processing Sulfur dioxide dough modifier, food Sulfur dioxide dough relaxer, buns Assist LC-5 dough relaxer, hearth breads Assist LC-5 dough relaxer, pan breads Assist LC-5 dough relaxer, rolls Assist LC-5

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dough softener, baked goods Soft Cel®; Soft Cel® (Without Soy Flour) dough strengthener Amfal-46; Bro Action; KC Yeast Food - No Bromate; KC Yeast Food - No Oxidants; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570 Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670; Sucrose stearate dough strengthener, bagels Empire NB-No Time Dough Conditioner; Pita Soft dough strengthener, baked goods Aldosperse® MS-20 KFG; Ammonium phosphate; Ammonium sulfate; Hodag® S35 K; Myverol® SMG V Panodan™ 120 Series; Panodan™ 140 Series; Panodan™ 150; Panodan™ 205; Panodan™ FDP Panodan™ SDK; Pita Soft; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Xpando dough strengthener, baking mixes Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous dough strengthener, baking powder Ammonium phosphate dough strengthener, beer-brewing Ammonium chloride dough strengthener, bread flours Ascorbo-120; Ascorbo-C Tablets dough strengthener, breads Aldosperse® 38/62 KFG; Aldosperse® 40/60 KFG; Calcium iodate; Dependox AXC; Empire NB-No Time Dough Conditioner Myverol® SMG® VK; Potassium iodate; Tally® 100 Plus dough strengthener, buns Aldosperse® 38/62 KFG; Aldosperse® 40/60 KFG; Dependox AXC dough strengthener, coffee whiteners Hodag® S-35 K dough strengthener, continuous mix processing Calib dough strengthener, cookies Ammonium bicarbonate dough strengthener, crackers Ammonium bicarbonate dough strengthener, cream Soda Phos (FG) dough strengthener, dehydrated potatoes Sodium stearoyl lactylate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dough strengthener, desserts Sodium stearoyl lactylate dough strengthener, east-raised baked goods Aldosperse® MS-20 FG dough strengthener, eggs Soda Phos (FG) dough strengthener, flat breads E-Z 1 dough strengthener, food Ammonium bicarbonate; Ammonium chloride; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Ammonium sulfate; Calcium sulfate Chemstat® G-118/52; L-Cysteine; L-Cystine; Hodag® S-35 K; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Panodan™ 120 Series; Panodan™ 140 Series; Panodan™ 150; Panodan™ 205; Panodan™ FDP Panodan™ SDK; Pationic® 925; Potassium iodate; Propylene glycol; Sodium stearoyl lactylate Stearyl tartrate; Tween® 60K; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten dough strengthener, French bread Lipopan F BG dough strengthener, frozen desserts Ammonium phosphate; Hodag® S-35 K dough strengthener, gelatin Ammonium sulfate dough strengthener, half & half Soda Phos (FG) dough strengthener, ice cream Soda Phos (FG) dough strengthener, icings Sodium stearoyl lactylate dough strengthener, margarine Ammonium phosphate dough strengthener, meat Soda Phos (FG) dough strengthener, mixes Sodium stearoyl lactylate dough strengthener, no-time bread systems Panicrust LC K dough strengthener, overnight fermented bread Lipopan F BG dough strengthener, pita breads Pita Soft dough strengthener, pitas E-Z 1 dough strengthener, pizza crusts Panicrust LC K 2242

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dough strengthener, pizzas E-Z 1 dough strengthener, poultry Soda Phos (FG) dough strengthener, processed cheeses Soda Phos (FG) dough strengthener, puddings Ammonium sulfate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate dough strengthener, puff pastries Panicrust LC K dough strengthener, rolls Aldosperse® 38/62 KFG; Aldosperse® 40/60 KFG; Empire NB-No Time Dough Conditioner dough strengthener, seafood Soda Phos (FG) dough strengthener, self-hydrating: frozen desserts Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K dough strengthener, self-hydrating: ice cream Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K dough strengthener, self-hydrating: pasta Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K dough strengthener, self-hydrating: pet foods Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K dough strengthener, self-hydrating: yeastraised bakery prods. Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K dough strengthener, shortening Hodag® S-35 K dough strengthener/softener, baked goods Paniplex SK dough strengthener/softener, breads Paniplex SK dough strengthener/softener, buns Paniplex SK dough strengthener/softener, rolls Paniplex SK dough strengthener, soft pretzels Pita Soft dough strengthener, table syrups Soda Phos (FG) dough strengthener, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) dough strengthener, tortillas E-Z 1; Panicrust LC K; Pita Soft dough strengthener, Turkish bread Lipopan F BG dough strengthener, vegetables Soda Phos (FG) dough strengthener, whey Soda Phos (FG) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dough strengthener, whipped toppings Ammonium phosphate; Hodag® S-35 K dough strengthener, whole grain bread dry bases Ascorbo-160-2 Powder dough strengthener, whole grain bread dry mixes Ascorbo-160-2 Powder dough strengthener, wine Ammonium phosphate, dibasic dough strengthener, yeast-based bakery prods. Succinylated palm oil glyceride dough strengthener, yeast-leavened baked goods Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous dough strengthener, yeast-leavened baked goods/mixes L-Cysteine dough strengthener, yeast-raised baked goods N'Hance (Phase II) Tablets; Paniplex CK; Tally® 100 Plus dough strengthener, yeast-raised bakery prods. CDC-50; Xpando 70 dough strengthener, yeast-raised bakery mixes Xpando 70 dough strengthener, yeast-raised doughnuts Aldosperse® 38/62 KFG; Aldosperse® 40/60 KFG dough strengthener, yeast-raised doughs EMG 20 K; Panicrust LC K; Pantastic dough strengthener, yeast-raised goods CDC-79; Do Crest Gold dripping loss reducer, frozen fish prods. Pescamine dry blending/instantizing agent, animal feed Lecigran™ 5750 dry blending/instantizing agent, dietary supplements Lecigran™ 5750 dry blending/instantizing agent, food Lecigran™ 5750 dry flow aid, bakery prods. AccuFlo 05602 dry flow aid, chewing gum AccuFlo 05602 dry flow aid, donut coatings AccuFlo 05602

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dry flow aid, marshmallows AccuFlo 05602 dry flow aid, sheeted doughs AccuFlo 05602 drying agent, bakery prods. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose drying agent, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose drying agent, dough: yeast-raised baked goods Dri-Do drying agent, dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose drying agent, dry mixes Magnesium carbonate drying agent, food Agar; Calcium sulfate; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Magnesium carbonate; Magnesium Carbonate 309-S Light Magnesium Carbonate 320-S Heavy; Magnesium Carbonate 321; Magnesium hydroxide; Sorbitol; Sorbo® drying agent, frozen desserts Magnesium hydroxide drying agent, ice cream Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670 drying agent, migrating from food pkg. Cobalt caprylate drying agent, salad dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose drying agent, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose drying agent, table salt Magnesium carbonate drying agent, yeast-leavened doughs Dri-Do Plus drying oil, food Castor (Ricinus communis) oil dust control agent, food Beakin LV4 dusting agent, baking powder DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 dusting agent, batter mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 dusting agent, breading mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 dusting agent, chewing gum Calcium silicate; Imperial 400; Magnesium silicate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

dusting agent, confectioners' sugar DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 dusting agent, confectionery Purity® FC; Vicron® FG 15-15; Vicron® FG 25-11; Vicron® FG 41-8; Vicron® FG 45-3 Vicron® FG 75-17 dusting agent, dough prods. DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 dusting agent, dough skins Purity® FC dusting agent, dry food mixes Purity® 5; Purity® 825; Purity® FC dusting agent, dry mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 dusting agent, external: dry food mixes Hoosier 5 dusting agent, external: sauces Hoosier 5 dusting agent, external: soups Hoosier 5 dusting agent, food Act II 400 USP; Altalc 200 USP; Altalc 300 USP; Altalc 400 USP; Dry-Flo® PenCook® 50 dusting agent, frosting Vicron® FG 15-15; Vicron® FG 25-11; Vicron® FG 41-8; Vicron® FG 45-3; Vicron® FG 75-17 dusting agent, icing mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 dusting agent, noodle prods. DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 dusting agent, noodles Purity® FC dusting powder, bakery prods. AccuFlo 05602 dusting powder, chewing gum AccuFlo 05602 dusting powder, donut coatings AccuFlo 05602 dusting powder, food Magnesium trisilicate; Talc dusting powder, marshmallows AccuFlo 05602 dusting powder, sheeted doughs AccuFlo 05602 dusting powd., food Altalc 325 USP edible fat, baked goods Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil edible fat, candy Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil 2244

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference edible fat, desserts Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil edible fat, food Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil edible fat, margarine Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil edible fat, salad dressings Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil edible fat, shortening Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil edible oil, baked goods Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil edible oil, cooking oils Walnut (Juglans regia) oil edible oil, dietary supplements Vegetable oil edible oil, food Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil edible oil, hydrogenated shortenings Rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil edible oil, margarine Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil edible oil, mayonnaise Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil edible oil, salad dressings Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil; Vegetable oil edible oil, salad oils Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Walnut (Juglans regia) oil edible oil, shortening Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Vegetable oil EFA source, baked goods HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder EFA source, beverages HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder EFA source, cereals HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder EFA source, condiments HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder EFA source, dietary supplements HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder EFA source, frozen foods HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder EFA source, juices HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder EFA source, nutraceuticals HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

EFA source, nutritional bars HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder EFA source, processed cheeses HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder EFA source, processed meats HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder EFA source, salad dressings HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder egg extender Lecigran™ 5750 egg replacement, bagels Hentex-10 egg replacement, breads Hentex-10 egg replacement, cookies Hentex-10 egg replacement, layer cakes Hentex-10 egg replacement, muffins Hentex-10 egg replacement, pies Hentex-10 egg replacement, yeast doughs Hentex-10 egg replacer, pie crusts Soylec® 220T egg substitute Eleggance™; Lecigran™ 5750 egg substitute, bakery mixes Soylec® C-15 egg substitute, cakes Soylec® C-15 egg substitute, donuts Soylec® C-15 egg substitute, dough Lupine protein egg substitute, food Hentex-85 egg substitute, pastries Soylec® C-15 egg substitute, sweet goods Soylec® C-15 egg white substitute, partial: dairy prods. FP600 emollient Moon™ Glycerine USP K; Moon™ Kosher Glycerine USP NK emollient, breads DREWMULSE® 200K emollient, candy DREWMULSE® 200K emollient, chewing gum bases DREWMULSE® 200K 2245

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emollient, food Acetylated hydrogenated coconut glycerides; Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glyceride; DREWMULSE® 200K; PEG-6 dilaurate; PEG-20 dilaurate PEG-32 dilaurate; PEG-75 dilaurate; PEG150 dilaurate; PEG-4 dioleate; PEG-6 dioleate PEG-20 dioleate; PEG-32 dioleate; PEG-75 dioleate; PEG-150 dioleate; PEG-6 distearate PEG-20 distearate; PEG-32 distearate; PEG75 distearate; PEG-32 laurate; PEG-6 oleate PEG-32 oleate; PEG-75 oleate; PEG-6 stearate; PEG-32 stearate; PEG-75 stearate Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate; Propylene glycol laurate; Propylene glycol ricinoleate emollient, food processing Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glyceride emollient, frozen desserts DREWMULSE® 200K emollient, infant formulas Tricaprin emollient, margarine DREWMULSE® 200K emollient, nutritional applics. Caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride; Caprylic/capric/linoleic triglyceride; Caprylic/capric/oleic triglyceride; Triundecanoin emollient, nutritional supplements Tricaprin emollient, peanut butter DREWMULSE® 200K emollient, sports supplements Tricaprin emollient, toppings DREWMULSE® 200K emulsifier Aldo® DO; Aldo® MO KFG; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Ardex® F; Ardex® F Dispersible Arlacel® 186; Avapol™ 20; Avapol™ 20K; Avapol™ 60; Avapol™ 60K Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O; Calcium phosphate tribasic Calcium stearoyl lactylate; Cithrol GMO N/E; DREWMULSE® GMC-810; Emersol® 6333; Excel O-95F Friendy 55(V); Friendy FF-30; HedimulsLO/01; Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 LK; MGU Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Moon™ Glycerine USP K; Moon™ Kosher Glycerine USP NK; Panodan™ 120 Series; Panodan™ 140 Series; Panodan™ 150 Panodan™ 205; Panodan™ FDP; Panodan™ SDK; Potassium oleate; Rimulsoft Super Santone® 3-1-SH; SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40; SAPP 43 SAPP RD-1; Sofical Beta; Sucrose; Thermolec 57; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry NF/USP Powd. TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Tica-thick; Trisodium citrate emulsifier, aerated fat systems Polyaldo® TGMS emulsifier, aerating agents Lamegin® EE Range emulsifier, aerating agents: baked goods Lamegin® EE 50; Lamegin® EE 70; Lamegin® EE 100 emulsifier, aerating agents: cakes Myverol® P-06 emulsifier, aerating agents: whipped toppings Myverol® P-06 emulsifier, agglomerated powders Performix™ E Lecithin emulsifier, alcohol stable drinks TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. emulsifier, almond pastes Tinamul® emulsifier, alpha-ending DS-100A; J-0021; J-0081H; J-0381 emulsifier, alpha-ending: cake mixes PB-100; PO-100; PP-100; PS-100 emulsifier, alpha-ending: powdered cake improvers PB-100; PO-100; PP-100; PS-100 emulsifier, alpha-ending: toppings PB-100; PO-100; PP-100; PS-100 emulsifier, angel food cakes Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC emulsifier, apples Sucrose fatty acid esters emulsifier, aq. release agents Performix™ E Lecithin emulsifier, aq. systems Emulfluid® A

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, auxiliary: drink mixes Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F emulsifier, auxiliary: food Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F emulsifier, auxiliary: frozen desserts Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F emulsifier, auxiliary: ice cream Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F emulsifier, auxiliary: juices Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F emulsifier, auxiliary: low-fat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F emulsifier, auxiliary: nonfat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F emulsifier, auxiliary: salad dressings Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F emulsifier, baby foods Pectin, amidated; Pisane®; Pisane® emulsifier, baked goods Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Admul Datem 1005; Alcolec® 30-A; Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG Aldo® MS LG FG; Aldo® MS LG KFG; BFP 800; Albumen; Brominated vegetable oil Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Crestawhip 100; Crestawhip 200; Crestawhip 225; Crestawhip 250

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Crestawhip 450; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Emulfluid® AS; Emulfluid® HL 66; Emulpur™ N Emulpur™ N P-1; Emulthin M-35; Glicepol GMS 20; Glyceryl stearate; Glyceryl stearate SE Glycomul® S KFG; Grindsted™ FSB; Grindsted™ PRO 45; Hodag® S-35 K; Hydroxylated lecithin Imwitor® 175; Imwitor® 491; Imwitor® 515 S; Imwitor® 520 S; Imwitor® 550 Imwitor® 651; Imwitor® 652; Imwitor® 2020; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® TF; Kirnol® Range; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate Lamegin® GLP Range; Lamegin® Range; Leciprime™ 1500; Lecithin; Lipo GMS 450 Lipo GMS 470; Liposorb S; Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20; LSC™ 3070 LSC™ 4060; LSC™ 5050; LSC™ 6040; LSC™ 6040B; LSC™ 6040DB Lupine protein; Methylcellulose; Myverol® 18-04; Palm oil sucroglyceride; Paniplex CK Paniplex SK; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; PEG-8 stearate; Phosphatidylcholine; Polyaldo® DGDO Polyaldo® HGDS; Polyaldo® TGMS; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Softenol® 3767 Softenol® 3995; Softenol® 3767; Softenol® 3995; Sorbitan 60 K; Sucroglycerides Sucrose fatty acid esters; Thermolec 200; TIC Pretested® Caragum 300 2473 Powd.; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G Ultralec® P; Xanthan gum; Yelkin® 1018; Yelkin® Gold; Yelkin® T Yelkin® TS emulsifier, bakery emulsions Ticaxan® Regular emulsifier, bakery fillings Dariloid® QH; Kelcosol®; KELSET®; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF emulsifier, bakery flavors TIC Pretested® Aragum® T-1998 Powder emulsifier, bakery gels TIC Pretested® Colloid 600 Powder emulsifier, bakery jellies Sodium Alginate HV; Sodium Alginate LV

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, bakery mixes BFP 64K; BFP 65C; BFP 65K; BFP 800; DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher Lactylic stearate; Top Mate Kosher emulsifier, bakery nonaq. lipid systems Santone® 3-1-S XTR emulsifier, bakery prods. Admul MG 40-04; Admul MG 42-04; Admul MG 44-04; Admul MG 60-04; Arcon® Plus 411 Arcon® SM; Atsurf® HPLS; Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180; BarFlex® 171 Corn (Zea mays) oil; Glicepol 180; HallStar® GDS 386F; HMP-26; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Imwitor® 171; Lumisorb™ PSML-20 K; Lumisorb™ PSML-80; Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K Panalite® 90D K; Panodan™ 235; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; Polysorbate 81; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K150; Rikemal MM-100 Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P; Tinamul® emulsifier, bakery release sprays Crester PR emulsifier, bakery toppings Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium emulsifier, baking additives Soyapan™ emulsifier, baking fats Glyceryl mono/distearate-palmitate emulsifier, baking mixes Glyceryl oleate emulsifier, baking powder Potassium phosphate; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, bananas Sucrose fatty acid esters emulsifier, barbecue sauces Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S emulsifier, bar ice IS-07(P) emulsifier, bar ice cream Rikemal MI-1; Rikemal MI-8(V) emulsifier, batters Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF Sorbitan 60 K emulsifier, beet sugar Hydroxylated lecithin emulsifier, beet sugar processing Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids emulsifier, beverage emulsions TIC Pretested® Arabic PH SD; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder emulsifier, beverage mixes Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180; Durtan® 60 emulsifier, beverage powders Lecithin emulsifier, beverages Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; Ascorbyl palmitate; Brominated vegetable oil; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate CarraVis™ Series; C*EmCap; Complemix® 50; Complemix® 100; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Glyceryl oleate; Gum ghatti; MingQiong Brand; Pectin; Poem DP-95RF Polyaldo® 10-1-O; Polyaldo® 10-1-S KFG; Polyaldo® 10-2-P; Polyglyceryl-6 dipalmitate; Polyglyceryl-3 shortening Polyglyceryl-6 tetraoleate; Potassium citrate; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate Sucroglycerides; Sucrose fatty acid esters; TIC Pretested® Aragum® T-1998 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC; Trisodium citrate; Xanthan gum

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, beverage whiteners Sucroglycerides emulsifier, biscuits BV 40; Pisane®; Pisane® emulsifier, bloom retardation Canarcel 80 emulsifier, bologna Emser® 555; Hydrolyzed milk protein emulsifier, bread improvers Imwitor® 175; Imwitor® 191; Imwitor® 325; Imwitor® 440; Imwitor® 460 Imwitor® 491; Imwitor® 960; Imwitor® 960K; Imwitor® 988; Imwitor® 1327 GR Imwitor® 1339; Imwitor® 2020; Softenol® 3600; Softenol® 3660; Softenol® 3945 Soyapan™; Soybean oil glycerides emulsifier, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose emulsifier, breads Ascorbyl palmitate; Atlas® 5520; Bealite™ 650; BFP 64K; BFP L Mono Canarcel 60; DREWMULSE® 200K; DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher; Durem™ 117; Durem™ 207 Durem™ 207-E; Glyceryl mono shortening; GMS 90; GMS 90 Double Strength; Imwitor® 550 Maisine®; Rikemal MM-100; Soft Touch K; Supertex/Supertex Plus; Tally® 100 Plus Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8; Tandem® 11H K; Tandem® 552; Tandem® 552 K Top Mate Kosher emulsifier, brownies Bealite™ 3561 emulsifier, buns GMS 90; GMS 90 Double Strength; Top Mate Kosher emulsifier, butter Starch sodium octenyl succinate emulsifier, cake batter/icing/shortening Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids emulsifier, cake fillings Lactylic stearate; Polymuls® Range; Polysorbate 65; Propymuls® Range; Sorbitan stearate T-Maz® 60K; T-Maz® 65K emulsifier, cake icings Alkamuls® PSMO-20; Lactylic stearate; Polysorbate 65; Sorbitan stearate; T-Maz® 60K T-Maz® 65K Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, cake/icing shortenings Alphadim® 90VCK emulsifier, cake improvers Grindsted™ LACTEM emulsifier, cake margarine Grindsted™ LACTEM P-22 Kosher emulsifier, cake mixes DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher; EC-25®; Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Glicepol 160; Glyceryl stearate lactate Grindsted™ LACTEM; Grindsted™ PGMS USV K-A; Gum ghatti; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Myverol® 18-06K Myverol® 18-07K; Myverol® 18-50K; Polyaldo® HGDS KFG; Polyaldo® HGMP KFG; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids Polysorbate 65; Promodan USV Kosher; Sorbitan stearate; Succistearin; Ticaxan® Regular TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd.; Tween® 60V; Vykamol 83G; Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P emulsifier, cakes Alcolec® 30-A; Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® MS LG; Atmos® 378 K; Bealite™ 3561 BFP 65C; BFP 65K; BFP L Mono; BV 40; C*EmTex Durem™ 114; Durem™ 204; Durem™ 224 NG; Durfax® 60; Durfax® 65 Durfax® EOM; Durlac® 100W; Durtan® 60; EC-25® Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Glyceryl mono shortening; Glyceryl palmitate lactate; Glycosperse® TS-20 KFG; Grindsted™ ACETEM Grindsted™ GA 1350; Lumulse® POE (20) GMSK; Myvatex® Texture Lite® K; Myverol® P-06K; PEG-20 glyceryl stearate Poem DS-100A; Polyaldo® 10-1-O; Polyaldo® 10-1-S KFG; Polyaldo® 10-2-P; Polycon® S60 K Polyglyceryl-6 dipalmitate; Polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate; Polyglyceryl-3 shortening; Polyglyceryl-6 tetraoleate; Polysorbate 60 Polysorbate 65; S-Maz® 60K; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic; Soft Touch K; Sorbitan stearate Succistearin emulsifier, cakes/cake mixes Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Imwitor® 550; Mazol® 80 MGK 2249

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, cake shortenings Dimodan® HA; Dimodan® PVP Kosher; Dimodan® S; Durlac® 100W; Glyceryl stearate Grindsted™ PGMS USV K-A; Promodan USV Kosher emulsifier, cakes/muffins Grindsted™ GA 1350 K-A emulsifier, cake toppings Lactylic stearate emulsifier, calve milk replacers Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK emulsifier, candy Arabinogalactan; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; DREWMULSE® 200K; Durem™ 117; Durem™ 207 Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC; Emasol L-10(F); Magnesium stearate; Myverol® 18-04K Myverol® 18-06K; Myverol® 18-07K; Yelkin® DS; Yelkin® T emulsifier, cane sugar Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate emulsifier, canned foods Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF; MingQiong Brand; Pectin, amidated emulsifier, canning Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150 emulsifier, caramel Aldosperse® MS BO KFG; BFP 74A; BFP 75K; Emasol L-10(F); Emasol P-10(F) Glicepol 160; Glyceryl mono/distearatepalmitate; Potassium phosphate; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970 emulsifier, cereal prods. Alphadim® 90PBK; Alphadim® 90SBK FG emulsifier, cereals Alphadim® 90SBK; BFP 800; Polymuls® Range; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate emulsifier, cheesecake mixes Dariloid® QH emulsifier, cheese foods Potassium metaphosphate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, cheese processing Potassium phosphate; SAPP-NL emulsifier, cheeses Imwitor® 372 P; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium tartrate Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate emulsifier, cheese spreads Bakers yeast extract; Karaya Gum FCC; Lumulse® GMS K; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC emulsifier, cheese spreads/dips Baker's yeast glycan emulsifier, cheese substitutes Emplex emulsifier, chewing Aldosperse® MS BO KFG emulsifier, chewing gum Alphadim® 90AB; Alphadim® 90PBK; Alphadim® 90SBK; BFP 75K; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Durem™ 117; Durem™ 207; Emulfluid® HL 66; Glicepol 160 Glyceryl oleate; Imwitor® 651; Imwitor® 652; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470 Myverol® 18-06K; Myverol® 18-07K; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290 Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970; Sucroglycerides; Sucrose fatty acid esters emulsifier, chewing gum bases DREWMULSE® 200K emulsifier, chewing gum matrixes Caprylic/capric triglyceride emulsifier, chiffon pies Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Egg White Solids Type P-20 Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC emulsifier, chiffons Kelcosol® 2250

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, chili Xanthan gum emulsifier, chip dips Alphadim® 70K emulsifier, chocolate Chocotop™ 100; Durtan® 65; Grindsted™ LACTEM P-22 Kosher; Topcithin®; Yelkin® TS emulsifier, chocolate candy Phosphatidylcholine emulsifier, chocolate coatings Canarcel 60; Durtan® 60; Glyceryl stearate lactate; Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K; Lumisorb™ SMS KP emulsifier, chocolate confectionery Polymuls® PGPR emulsifier, chocolate flavors Malt extract emulsifier, chocolate masses Polyglyceryl-3 polyricinoleate emulsifier, chocolate milk Ammonium phosphatides emulsifier, chocolate milk drinks Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 emulsifier, chocolate prods. Chocotop™ 320; Grindsted™ LACTEM P-22 Kosher; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids emulsifier, citrus concs. Manucol® Ester ER/K; Manucol® Ester M emulsifier, citrus pulp drinks TIC Pretested® Colloid 1004 T Powder emulsifier, citrus pulp suspensions TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder emulsifier, clinical formulas Magnesium Caseinate S emulsifier, clinical nutrition Capmul® GMO; Capmul® GMS-50; Capmul® MCM; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 3GS Caprol® 10G40; Caprol® 10G10O; Caprol® PGE860 emulsifier, cloud emulsions TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd. emulsifier, coarse ground meats Arcon® SJ emulsifier, coatings Canarcel TW 60; Sorbitan stearate emulsifier, cocoa Ammonium phosphatides; TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 450-PCS Powd.; Tristearin emulsifier, cocoa-based confectionery Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate emulsifier, cocoa-based sweets Polyglyceryl-3 polyricinoleate emulsifier, cocoa fats Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate emulsifier, cocoa powders Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ T Lecithin emulsifier, coconut cream TIC Pretested® Colloid 1004 T Powder emulsifier, coconut fat: fruit beverages TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 1019 Powder emulsifier, cod liver oil emulsions Sodium hypophosphite emulsifier, coffee creamers Magnesium caseinate; Thermolec 200; Thermolec WFC emulsifier, coffee whiteners Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Alphadim® 70K; Alphadim® 90PBK; Alphadim® 90VCK BFP 75K; C*EmTex; Crester KZ; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Dimodan® O Kosher Dimodan® S; Disodium citrate; Durfax® 60; Durfax® 65; Durtan® 60 Emasol L-10(F); Emasol P-10(F); Glicepol GMS 20; Glyceryl oleate; GMS 402V Hodag® S-35 K; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Liposorb S; Liposorb S-20K Liposorb TS-20; Lumulse® GMS K; Mazol® 80 MGK; Palm glycerides; Panalite® 90-80 K Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K; Polycon® S60 K; Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 65 Ryoto Sugar Ester O-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970; Sodium caseinate; Sorbitan stearate; Sucrose dilaurate 2251

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Sucrose polylaurate; Sucrose polylinoleate; Sucrose polyoleate; Sucrose stearate; Sucrose tetrastearate triacetate Sucrose tribehenate; T-Maz® 65K emulsifier, cold-water dessert gels Keltone® emulsifier, colorants Durem™ 300 emulsifier, color dispersions BFP 30 emulsifier, compound coatings Durtan® 65 emulsifier, condiments Propylene glycol alginate emulsifier, confection coatings Alphadim® 90SBK; Polysorbate 60 emulsifier, confectionery Albumen; Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS LG; Aldo® MS LG FG Aldo® MS LG KFG; Algin; BarFlex® 171; Chocotop™ 100; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Emulfluid® HL 66; Glicepol GMS 20; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Gum ghatti Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470; Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20 LSC™ 3070; LSC™ 4060; LSC™ 5050; LSC™ 6040; LSC™ 6040B LSC™ 6040DB; Lumisorb™ PSML-20 K; Lumisorb™ PSML-80; Manucol® Ester M; Myverol® 18-04 Nurupan™; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil; Panodan™ FDP Kosher; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; Polycon® S60 K Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polysorbate 81; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium;

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170 Santone® 3-1-S XTR; Sorbitan stearate; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A230 NF Extra; Sucroglycerides Sucrose erucate; Thermolec 200; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaloid® 210 S Powder; Trisodium citrate; Tristearin Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P; Yelkin® 1018; Yelkin® Gold emulsifier, confectionery coatings BFP 74A; BFP 75K; Dimodan® HA; Dimodan® PVP Kosher; Durfax® 60 Durtan® 60; Liposorb S; Lumisorb™ PSMS20 K; Lumisorb™ SMS KP; Myverol® 1807K Myverol® 18-35K; Span® 65; Span® 65K; TMaz® 60K emulsifier, continuous breads Durem™ 207-E emulsifier, convenience foods Lumisorb™ PSML-20 K; Lumisorb™ PSML80; Meyprogen®-MS®; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; Polysorbate 81 Textrion PROGEL 800 emulsifier, conventional breads Durem™ 207-E emulsifier, cookies Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Alcolec® 30-A EC-25®; Emulpur™ N emulsifier, cooking oils Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil emulsifier, cottage cheese Sodium caseinate emulsifier, crackers Emulpur™ N emulsifier, cream-based beverages TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder emulsifier, cream beverages TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 450-PCS Powd.

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, cream cheese Pectin, amidated emulsifier, creamers C*EmTex emulsifier, cream fillings Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides; Myvatex® Texture Lite® K; Myverol® 1850K; Myverol® 18-92K emulsifier, cream liqueurs Sodium caseinate emulsifier, creams Admul MG 40-04; Admul MG 42-04; Admul MG 44-04; Admul MG 60-04; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190 Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sucrose erucate emulsifier, cream soups EM 6; IPSO-MR Dispersible emulsifier, creamy salad dressings Propylene Glycol Alginate HV emulsifier, crystal modification Canarcel 80 emulsifier, cultured buttermilk Disodium citrate emulsifier, cup ice IS-07(P) emulsifier, cured meats Disodium citrate; Malt extract emulsifier, dairy beverages Ammonium phosphatides; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 140-HD emulsifier, dairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids emulsifier, dairy mixes Glyceryl mono shortening emulsifier, dairy prods. Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS LG FG; Aldo® MS LG KFG; Calcium Caseinate R Canarcel 60; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); CarraVis™ Series; Centrol® 1PUB; Centrol® 3F-SB Centrol® 3F-UB; DARILOID®; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Glass H®; Glicepol GMS 20 HallStar® GDS 386F; Hexaphos®; Lactipol C; Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ T; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lumisorb™ PSML-20 K; Lumisorb™ PSML80; Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs.; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K150; Santone® 3-1-S XTR S-Maz® 60K; Sodaphos®; Sucrose fatty acid esters; Thermolec 200; Ultralec® F Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P; Yelkin® 1018; Yelkin® Gold emulsifier, dairy substitutes Glicepol 160 emulsifier, Danish pastries Durem™ 224 NG; Glicepol 160 emulsifier, decoration creams Lamegin® WT emulsifier, defoamers: beet sugar processing PEG-8 dioleate emulsifier, defoamers: yeast processing PEG-8 dioleate emulsifier, dehydrated fruit juices Lactylic esters of fatty acids emulsifier, dehydrated fruits Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate emulsifier, dehydrated potatoes Aldo® MS LG; Alphadim® 90AB; Alphadim® 90PBK; Alphadim® 90SBK; Emplex Lactipol C; Myverol® 18-04; Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK; Sodium stearoyl lactylate emulsifier, dehydrated vegetables Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate emulsifier, dehydrated vegetable juices Lactylic esters of fatty acids emulsifier, dessert dry mixes Dariloid® QH emulsifier, dessert gels Kelcosol® emulsifier, dessert powders Grindsted™ LACTEM emulsifier, desserts Admul GLP 2033; Admul MG 40-04; Admul MG 42-04; Admul MG 44-04; Admul MG 6004 Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Glyceryl stearate; Lamegin® Range; Lamegin® WT; Pisane®

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Pisane®; Pisane®; Polyaldo® 10-1-O; Polyaldo® 10-1-S KFG; Polyaldo® 10-2-P Polyglyceryl-6 dipalmitate; Polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate; Polyglyceryl-3 shortening; Polyglyceryl-6 tetraoleate; Polymuls® Range Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; Propymuls® Range; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC Tylopur® C 1000 P2; Xanthan gum emulsifier, diabetic foods Xylitol emulsifier, dietary food supplements Sucroglycerides emulsifier, dietary supplements Lecigran™ 5750; Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ F Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ Super A; Lecigran™ T emulsifier, diet beverages Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) emulsifier, dietetic foods Calcium Caseinate S; CFM® 190; Epikuron™ 130; KELMAR®; Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK Pisane®; Pisane®; Provon® 190 HS; Provon® 290; Sucroglycerides Xylitol emulsifier, diet margarine Safflower glyceride emulsifier, diet spreads Caprol® 3GO emulsifier, dips EM 6; Lumulse® GMS K emulsifier, dressings C8-10 acid triglyceride; CFM® 190; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Imwitor® 175; Imwitor® 361 Imwitor® 370; Imwitor® 372; Imwitor® 373; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF Meyprogen®-MS®; Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate; Polysorbate 60; Protanal Ester SD-H; Softenol® 3108 TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd.; T-Maz® 60K emulsifier, dressings/sauces Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, dried milk powders Imwitor® 948 emulsifier, dried potatoes Glicepol 160 emulsifier, drink bases Magnesium caseinate emulsifier, drink mixes Beakin LV30; Yelkin® DS; Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P emulsifier, dry baked goods Nurupan™ emulsifier, dry mix beverages Hydroxylated lecithin emulsifier, dry mixes Beakin LV3; KELMAR®; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF; Maltrin® M700 Maltrin® M700; Ticaxan® Regular emulsifier, dry whipped toppings Acetylated hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride emulsifier, edible coatings Acetylated hydrogenated tallow glyceride; Grindsted™ ACETEM emulsifier, edible fat/oils Polysorbate 80 emulsifier, edible oils Succistearin; T-Maz® 80K emulsifier, edible oils/shortenings Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS LG FG; Aldo® MS LG KFG emulsifier, egg custard Tylopur® C 1000 P2 emulsifier, eggnog Ammonium phosphatides emulsifier, eggs Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate emulsifier, egg whites Sodium lauryl sulfate emulsifier, egg white substitutes CFM® 190 emulsifier, emulsified meat prods. Arcon® SJ emulsifier, emulsified meats EM 7 emulsifier, emulsified sauces Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides emulsifier, emulsions TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd.

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, enteral formulas Magnesium Caseinate S emulsifier, essential oils Arabinogalactan; PEG-20 sorbitan tritallate; T-Maz® 28; Tween® 20 Pharma; Tween® 65 emulsifier, evaporated milk Disodium citrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate emulsifier, extruded prods. Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K; Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK emulsifier, fancy pastry Nurupan™ emulsifier, fat: baked goods Emulfluid® emulsifier, fat: confectionery TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT PreHydrated® emulsifier, fat creams Starch sodium octenyl succinate emulsifier, fat emulsions Cegemett® MZ 490; Imwitor® 651; Imwitor® 652 emulsifier, fat reduction Caprol® 3GS emulsifier, fat: release agents Emulfluid® emulsifier, fats Katch® Fish Phosphate; Nutrifos® 088; Nutrifos® 100; Nutrifos® B-75; Nutrifos® B-90 Nutrifos® BC; Nutrifos® L-50; Nutrifos® Powder; Polyaldo® HGDS emulsifier, fats: bakery prods. Arcon® S; Arcon® SK Fortified emulsifier, fats: confectionery TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, fats: cream-based sauces Arcon® S emulsifier, fats: cream-based soups Arcon® S emulsifier, fats: emulsified meats Arcon® SK Fortified emulsifier, fats: food Emulfluid®; Potassium metaphosphate emulsifier, fats: infant formulas Emulfluid® emulsifier, fats: margarine Emulfluid® emulsifier, fats: meats Arcon® S; Crodatem L emulsifier, fats: nutritional powdered drink bases Arcon® S; Arcon® SK Fortified emulsifier, fats: pasta Emulfluid® emulsifier, fats: powdered mixes Emulfluid® emulsifier, fats: sauces/gravies Starplex® 90 emulsifier, fats/oils Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium tartrate; Tristearin emulsifier, fats/oils: cake icing Canocol T-20 emulsifier, fats/oils: confectionery coatings Canocol T-20 emulsifier, fats/oils: imitation dry cream mixes Canocol T-20 emulsifier, fats/oils: pie fillings Canocol T-20 emulsifier, fats/oils: whipped vegetable oils Canocol T-20 emulsifier, fermented milks Manucol® Ester ER/K emulsifier, filled milk GMS 402V emulsifier, filling creams Lamegin® WT emulsifier, fillings Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; BFP 65C; BFP 65K; Canarcel TW 60 Glycomul® S KFG; Glycosperse® TS-20 KFG; Liposorb S; Polyaldo® TGMS; Succistearin emulsifier, fillings/whipping/toppings Canarcel 60

2255

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, firming agent, meat Soda Phos (FG) emulsifier, fish balls IPSO-MR Dispersible emulsifier, fish prods. HMP-26; Pisane®; Pisane® emulsifier, flans Furcelleran emulsifier, flavor bases Arabinogalactan emulsifier, flavor dispersions BFP 30 emulsifier, flavor emulsion concs. TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd. emulsifier, flavor emulsions C*EmCap; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF emulsifier, flavor encapsulation C*EmCap; TIC Pretested® Arabic PH SD emulsifier, flavor oils Gum ghatti; Powdered Gum Ghatti G-1 emulsifier, flavors Aldo® MCT; Canarcel 60; Durem™ 300; Glyceryl caprylate/caprate; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20; Polysorbate 61; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Propylene glycol alginate; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra; TIC Pretested® Ticamulsion® A-2010 Tween® 20 Pharma; Tween® 60 Pharma; Tween® 60K; Tween® 61; Tween® 65 Tween® 80V Pharma; Tween® 81; Tween® 85 emulsifier, flavor-sensitive systems Emulpur™ N emulsifier, flavor syrups Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium emulsifier, flour mixes BV 40 emulsifier, flour paste Emasol L-10(F); Emasol P-10(F) emulsifier, foamy cocktail mixes Yucca glauca extract emulsifier, food 21825 Bacom; Ablunol S-20; Ablunol S-60; Ablunol S-80; Ablunol S-85 Acacia; Acetylated distarch adipate; Acetylated distarch phosphate; Acetylated hydrogenated coconut glycerides; Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides Acetylated hydrogenated tallow glycerides; Acetylated lard glyceride; Acetylated monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Acetylated palm kernel glycerides; Acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Admul Datem 1005; Admul Emulsponge 5306; Admul GLP 2033; Admul MG 40-04; Admul MG 42-04 Admul MG 60-04; Admul PGE 1405; Admul PGE 1410; Agar; Albumen Alcolec® F-100; Alcolec® FF-100; Alcolec® PG; Alcolec® Z-3; Aldo® HMS-65 KFG Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® MO PG KFG; Aldo® MS-20 KFG; Aldo® MS KFG Aldo® MS LG FG; Aldo® MS LG KFG; Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldosperse® 40/60 KFG; Aldosperse® MS-20 Aldosperse® MS-20 FG; Aldosperse® MS20 KFG; Aldosperse® O-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS-20 FG; Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG; Algin; Alginic acid; Alkamuls® PSMO-20; Alkamuls® PSTO-20 Aluminum caprate; Aluminum caprylate; Aluminum distearate; Aluminum laurate; Aluminum myristate

2256

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Aluminum myristates/palmitates; Aluminum oleate; Aluminum palmitate; Aluminum stearate; Aluminum tristearate Ammonium alginate; Ammonium caprate; Ammonium caprylate; Ammonium furcelleran; Ammonium laurate Ammonium myristate; Ammonium oleate; Ammonium palmitate; Ammonium pectinate; Ammonium phosphatides Ammonium polyphosphate; Ammonium stearate; Arabinogalactan; Ascorbyl palmitate; Atlas® 1500 Atmos® 300 K; Atmul® 695 K; Atmul® 1003 K; Avapol™ 65; Avapol™ 80 Avapol™ 80K; Avapol™ EMD; Avester™ SMS sobitan ester; Axol® C 62; Bakers yeast extract Baker's yeast glycan; Beakin LV30; Bealite™; Bentonite; BFP 30 BFP 65C; BFP 65K; BFP 74K; BFP 75K; BFP GLP BFP L 100; BFP L Mono; BFP RA-15 K; Bindox-HV-051; Bindox-LV-050 Brominated vegetable oil; Calcium alginate; Calcium caprate; Calcium caprylate; Calcium carrageenan Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate; Calcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate; Calcium furcelleran; Calcium laurate; Calcium myristate Calcium oleate; Calcium oleyl lactylate; Calcium palmitate; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium polyphosphate Calcium/sodium stearoyl lactylate; Calcium stearate; Calcium stearate; Calcium Stearate 920-T; Calcium stearoyl fumarate Calcium stearoyl lactylate; Canarcel 60; Canarcel TW 80; Canocol S-20; Canocol S60 Canocol S-80; Canocol S-85; Canocol T-60; Canocol T-80; Canocol T-81 Canola oil glyceride; Capmul® GMO; Capric triglyceride; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 3GS Caprol® 10G40; Caprol® 10G10O; Caprol® ET; Caprol® MPGO; Caprol® PGE860 Caprylic/capric triglyceride; Caprylic triglyceride; Carboxymethylcellulose sodium; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); CarraVis™ Series

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Castor (Ricinus communis) oil; Cellulose; Centrocap® B; Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F-SB Centrol® 3F-UB; Centrol® 3F-UB Premium; Chemstat® G-118/52; Cholesterol; Cholic acid Choline acetate; Choline bitartrate; Choline carbonate; Choline chloride; Choline citrate Choline lactate; Cithrol GDO N/E; Cithrol GDO S/E; Cithrol GDS N/E; Cithrol GDS S/E Cithrol GML S/E; Cithrol GMS 0400; Cithrol GMS A/S; Cithrol GMS N/E; Cithrol GMS S/E Cithrol PGML S/E; Cithrol PGMO S/E; Coconad MT; Coconad RK; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil Complemix® 50; Complemix® 100; Compritol® 888 ATO; Corn glycerides; Corn (Zea mays) oil Cottonseed glyceride; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Crester KZ; Crester L; Crill 1 Crill 2; Crill 3 NF; Crill 35; Crill 41; Crill 50 Crillet 3; Crillet 3 NF; Crillet 4; Crillet 4 HP; Crillet 4 NF Crillet 31; Crillet 35; Crillet 41; Crillet 45; Crodesta F-10 Crodesta F-110; Crodesta F-160; Dammar; DATEM; Decaglyn 1-L Decaglyn 1-LN; Decaglyn 1-M; Decaglyn 1OV; Decaglyn 1-SV; Detergent CR Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Dicalcium diphosphate; Dimagnesium diphosphate; Dimodan® CP; Dimodan® H SK-A Dimodan® HA; Dimodan® HP; Dimodan® O Kosher; Dimodan® PV 300 Kosher; Dimodan® PVP Kosher Dimodan® S; Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; Dipotassium diphosphate; Disodium capryloamphodiacetate; Disodium citrate Distarch phosphate; DK Creamer; DK Foamer; DREWMULSE® 200K; DSP/TSP 30% Durem™ 114; Durem™ 117; Durem™ 204; Durem™ 207; Durem™ 207-E Durfax® 60; Durfax® 60K; Durfax® 65; Durfax® 80; Durfax® EOM Durfax® EOM K; Durtan® 60; Dynacet® 211P; Dynacet® 212P; EC-25®

2257

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Edenor® NHTi/3; Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin; Emalex DISG-2EX; Emalex DISG3EX; Emalex DISG-5 Emalex DISG-10EX; Emalex DSG-2; Emalex DSG-3; Emalex DSG-5; Emalex DSG-6 Emalex MOG-2; Emalex MSG-2; Emalex MSG-2MA; Emalex MSG-2ME; Emalex MSG6K Emalex TISG-2; Emalex TISG-10; Emalex TSG-10; Emasol L-10(F); Emasol P-10(F) Emersol® 6313 NF; Emersol® 6321; Emersol® 6332; EMG 20 K; Emulpur™ N P-1 Emulthin M-35; Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose; Excel 122V; Excel 200; Excel O95R Excel P-40; Excel P-40S; Excel T-95; Excel T-95 Powder; Excel VS-95 Famodan MS Kosher; Food starch, modified; Fruitrim®; Furcelleran; Geleol® Glicepol 160; Glicepol 180; Glyceryl caprate; Glyceryl caprylate/caprate; Glyceryl citrate/lactate/linoleate/oleate Glyceryl cocoate; Glyceryl cottonseed oil; Glyceryl dioleate; Glyceryl dioleate SE; Glyceryl distearate Glyceryl distearate SE; Glyceryl di/tribehenate; Glyceryl isostearate; Glyceryl lactooleate; Glyceryl lactopalmitate/stearate Glyceryl laurate; Glyceryl laurate SE; Glyceryl mono/dilaurate; Glyceryl mono/dioleate; Glyceryl mono/distearate Glyceryl mono/distearate-palmitate; Glyceryl mono shortening; Glyceryl oleate; Glyceryl oleate SE; Glyceryl palmitate Glyceryl palmitate lactate; Glyceryl palmitate/stearate; Glyceryl ricinoleate; Glyceryl ricinoleate SE; Glyceryl soyate Glyceryl stearate; Glyceryl stearate citrate; Glyceryl stearate lactate; Glycomul® L K; Glycomul® S KFG Glycomul® TS KFG; Glycosperse® L-20 K; Glycosperse® S-20 KFG; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium Grindsted™ ACETEM; Grindsted™ CITREM; Grindsted™ LACTEM; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Gum ghatti Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Hectorite; Hercules® AR 160; Hetsorb O-5; HMP-26

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hodag® S-35 K; Hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride; Hydrogenated lard glyceride; Hydrogenated lard glycerides; Hydrogenated palm glyceride Hydrogenated palm glyceride citrate; Hydrogenated palm glycerides; Hydrogenated rapeseed oil, superglycerinated; Hydrogenated soy glyceride; Hydrogenated soy glycerides Hydrogenated tallow glyceride; Hydrogenated tallow glyceride lactate; Hydrogenated tallow glycerides; Hydrogenated vegetable glyceride; Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides phosphate; Hydrolyzed casein; Hydrolyzed milk protein; Hydrolyzed protein; Hydroxylated lecithin Hydroxypropylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl starch; Imwitor® 325 Imwitor® 900 K; Imwitor® 2020; Karaya Gum FCC; Karaya Gum FCC; Karaya Gum FCC Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; KELACID® NF; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® O Kelcoloid® S; Kelcosol®; KELGIN® F; KELGIN® HV; KELGIN® LV KELGIN® MV; KELGIN® QL; KELGIN® XL; KELMAR®; KELSET® Keltone®; KELTOSE®; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® CR; Kirnol® Range Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Lactipol S; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate Lamegin® GLP Range; Lamegin® Range; Lamegin® WT; Lamegin® WTP; Lamesorb® SMO-20 Lard; Lard glyceride; Lard glycerides; Laureth; Lecigran™ 5750 Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ F; Lecigran™ M Lecigran™ Super A; Lecigran™ T; Lecithin; Lecitreme™ 40; Lecitreme™ 50 Lecitreme™; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470; Liposorb S; Liposorb S-20K

2258

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Liposorb TS; Liposorb TS-20; Lonzest® GMS-D; Lonzest® GMS-LG; Lonzest® GMSTECH Lonzest® SMO-20; Lumisorb™ PSML-20 K; Lumisorb™ PSML-80; Lumisorb™ SML K; Lumisorb™ STS K Lumulse® GMO K; Lumulse® GMR K; Lumulse® POE (100) MS; MGO; MGS-150V MGS-F50SE; MGS-TGL; MGS-TGV; Magnesium caprate; Magnesium caprylate Magnesium caseinate; Magnesium laurate; Magnesium myristate; Magnesium oleate; Magnesium palmitate Magnesium stearate; Malt extract; Maltitol; Maltrin® M700; Mazol® 159 Mazol® 300 K; Mazol® PGO-31 K; Mazol® PGO-104 K; MDG; Methocel® 310 Series Methocel® A15C Premium; Methocel® A15LV Premium; Methocel® E15 Food Grade; Methocel® E15LV; Methocel® F4M Premium Methocel® J5MS; Methylcellulose; Methyl ethyl cellulose; MGS-BMV; MGS-BSEV MGS-ASE; MGS-AV; MGS-DEXV; MGSF20V; MGS-F40V MGS-F50; MGS-F75V; Microcrystalline cellulose; Mono Ace SP Gold; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs.; Myristic acid; Myvacet® 9-45K; Myvatex® 3-50K; Myvatex® 8-16K Myvatex® 40-06S; Myvatex® Monoset® K; Myverol® 18-04K; Myverol® 18-06K; Myverol 18-06PK Myverol® 18-07; Myverol® 18-07K; Myverol® 18-35K; Myverol® 18-50K; Myverol® 18-92K Myverol® 18-99; Myverol® SMG V; NAA160; NAA-171; NAA-172 NAA-173K; NAA-174; NAA-175; NAA-175S; NAA-176 NAA-180; Nissan Nonion CP-08R; Nissan Nonion DN-202; Nissan Nonion DN-203; Nissan Nonion DN-209 Nissan Nonion LP-20R, LP-20RS; Nissan Nonion LT-221; Nissan Nonion MP-30R; Nissan Nonion OP-80R; Nissan Nonion OP83RAT Nissan Nonion OP-85R; Nissan Nonion OT221; Nissan Nonion PP-40R; Nissan Nonion PT-221; Nissan Nonion SP-60R

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nissan Nonion ST-221; Nonoxynol-6; Nonoxynol-10; Nonoxynol-11; Nonoxynol40 Nonoxynol-50; 1-Octenylsuccinic anhydride; Octoxynol-5; Octoxynol-9; Octoxynol-30 Octoxynol-40; Octoxynol-70; Oleic acid; Oleyl alcohol; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil; Palm glyceride; Palm glycerides; Palm oil sucroglyceride; Pationic® 925 Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Peanut glycerides; Pectin; Pectin, amidated; PEG-6 dilaurate PEG-20 dilaurate; PEG-32 dilaurate; PEG-75 dilaurate; PEG-150 dilaurate; PEG-4 dioleate PEG-6 dioleate; PEG-8 dioleate; PEG-12 dioleate; PEG-20 dioleate; PEG-32 dioleate PEG-75 dioleate; PEG-150 dioleate; PEG-6 distearate; PEG-20 distearate; PEG-32 distearate PEG-75 distearate; PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate; PEG-20 glyceryl stearate; PEG-40 hexatallate; PEG-6 oleate PEG-8 oleate; PEG-32 oleate; PEG-75 oleate; PEG-40 sorbitan hexatallate; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate PEG stearate; PEG-6 stearate; PEG-8 stearate; PEG-32 stearate; PEG-40 stearate PEG-45 stearate; PEG-100 stearate; Performix™ E Lecithin; PG USP; Phosphated distarch phosphate Phosphatidylcholine; Plurol® Oleique CC 497; Plurol® Stearique WL 1009; Poem DM100; Polyaldo® 10-1-O KFG Polyaldo® DGDO; Polyaldo® HGDS; Polyaldo® TGMS; Polyaldo® TGMS KFG; Polycon® S60 K Polydimethylsiloxane; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polyglyceryl-10 behenate; Polyglyceryl-10 caprylate; Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate; Polyglyceryl2 diisostearate; Polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate; Polyglyceryl-5 diisostearate; Polyglyceryl-3 dioleate Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate; Polyglyceryl-6 dipalmitate; Polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate; Polyglyceryl-2 distearate; Polyglyceryl-3 distearate 2259

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Polyglyceryl-5 distearate; Polyglyceryl-6 distearate; Polyglyceryl-10 distearate; Polyglyceryl-10 erucate; Polyglyceryl-6 hexaoleate Polyglyceryl-10 isostearate; Polyglyceryl-10 isostearate; Polyglyceryl-10 laurate; Polyglyceryl-10 linoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 linoleate Polyglyceryl-10 myristate; Polyglyceryl-10 octaoleate; Polyglyceryl-3 oleate; Polyglyceryl-4 oleate; Polyglyceryl-5 oleate Polyglyceryl-8 oleate; Polyglyceryl-10 oleate; Polyglyceryl-10 pentaoleate; Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate; Polyglyceryl-3 shortening Polyglyceryl-3 stearate; Polyglyceryl-4 stearate; Polyglyceryl-6 stearate; Polyglyceryl-8 stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 stearate Polyglyceryl-6 tetraoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate; Polyglyceryl-2 tetrastearate; Polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate; Polyglyceryl10 triisostearate Polyglyceryl-10 tristearate; Polymuls® Range; Polymuls® PGPR; Polysorbate 20; Polysorbate 21 Polysorbate 40; Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 65; Polysorbate 80; Potassium alginate Potassium caprate; Potassium caprylate; Potassium carrageenan; Potassium citrate; Potassium furcelleran Potassium laurate; Potassium myristate; Potassium palmitate; Potassium pectinate; Potassium phosphate Potassium phosphate dibasic; Potassium phosphate tribasic; Potassium polyphosphate; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate Potassium stearate; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Ghatti G-1 Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Superfine XXXX FCC; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-150; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-200; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-300; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-400; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-500 Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; Prefera® SSL; Promax® 70; Promax® 70L Promodan SP; Promodan USV; Propylene glycol; Propylene glycol alginate; Propylene Glycol Alginate LV FCC Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate; Propylene glycol laurate; Propylene glycol laurate SE; Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids; Propylene glycol monodistearate Propylene glycol oleate; Propylene glycol oleate SE; Propylene glycol palmitate; Propylene glycol ricinoleate; Propylene glycol ricinoleate SE Propylene glycol stearate; Propylene glycol stearate SE; Propymuls® Range; Purasal® S/PF 60; Purasal® S/SP 60 Qual Flo®; Qual Flo® C; Rapeseed glyceride; Rhodapon® LSB; Rhodapon® SM Special Ryoto Ester SP; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester B-100D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester ER-60D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L-7D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L-10D Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L-20D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester O-15D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester S-24D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester S-28D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-10D Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-15D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-20D; Ryoto Sugar Ester B-370; Ryoto Sugar Ester B-370; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190 Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290; Ryoto Sugar Ester L-195; Ryoto Sugar Ester L-195;

2260

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ryoto Sugar Ester L-595; Ryoto Sugar Ester L-595 Ryoto Sugar Ester L-1695; Ryoto Sugar Ester L-1695; Ryoto Sugar Ester M-1695; Ryoto Sugar Ester M-1695; Ryoto Sugar Ester O-170 Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester OWA1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570 Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670; Ryoto Sugar Ester POS-135; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-070 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670 SL-10; SO-10EX; SO-10V; SP-10V; SS-15V Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil; Sammi Gelatine; Santone® 3-1-S XTR; Santone® 81-O; Santone® 10-10-0 Santone® 10-10-0; Slovacid® S 45; S-Maz® 60K; Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic Sodium aluminum phosphate basic; Sodium calcium polyphosphate; Sodium caprate; Sodium caprylate; Sodium carrageenan Sodium caseinate; Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P; Sodium citrate; Sodium furcelleran; Sodium hypophosphite Sodium lactate; Sodium laurate; Sodium lauryl sulfate; Sodium metaphosphate; Sodium myristate Sodium oleate; Sodium oleyl lactylate; Sodium palmitate; Sodium pectinate; Sodium phosphate Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Sodium phosphate tribasic Sodium polyphosphate; Sodium starch glycolate; Sodium stearate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Sodium tartrate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Solec™ CX; Solec® HR; Sorbitan caprylate; Sorbitan laurate Sorbitan myristate; Sorbitan oleate; Sorbitan palmitate; Sorbitan sesquioleate; Sorbitan sesquistearate Sorbitan stearate; Sorbitan trioleate; Sorbitan tristearate; Sorbitol; Sorbo® Sorgen 30; Sorgen 40; Sorgen 50; Sorgen 90; Sorgen TW20 Sorgen TW60; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Soy glyceride; Span® 60 Veg Spray Span® 60K; Span® 65; Span® 65K; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra SS-10MV; SSL; Starch acetate; Starch, bleached; Starch, oxidized Starch phosphate; Starch, pregelatinized; Starch sodium octenyl succinate; Stearyl citrate; Stearyl tartrate STEPANOL® LCP; Succinylated monoglycerides; Sucroglycerides; Sucrose acetate isobutyrate; Sucrose dilaurate Sucrose distearate; Sucrose erucate; Sucrose fatty acid esters; Sucrose laurate; Sucrose laurate Sucrose myristate; Sucrose polylaurate; Sucrose polylinoleate; Sucrose polyoleate; Sucrose tetrastearate triacetate Sucrose tribehenate; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; Sunflower seed oil glyceride; Sunflower seed oil glycerides; Superol™ V (vegetable) Surfactant® AR 150; TO-10V; TS-10MV; TS10V; Tallow Tallow glyceride; Tandem® 552; Tannic acid; Tetraglyn 1-SV; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate Tetrasodium pyrophosphate; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Colloid 488T Powd.; TIC Pretested® Colloid 602 Powder; TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder; T-Maz® 20; T-Maz® 60K; T-Maz® 80; T-Maz® 80K T-Maz® 80KLM; T-Maz® 81; Topcithin®; Topcithin® AF-1 Type DB; Topcithin® SB Topcitihin® UB; Top Mate Kosher; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum; 2261

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Tribehenin; Triglycerol penta(caprylatecaprate) Triolein; Trisodium citrate; Trisodium diphosphate; Tristearin; Triton® X-45 Triton® X-305-70%; Triton® X-405-70%; Triton® X-705-70%; TSP/DSP 40%; Tween® 60K Tween® 80K; Tylopur® C 300 P2; Vegetable oil mono/diglycerides; Walocel® HM 100000 PPA 2208; Whey protein Xanthan gum; Xpando; Xylitol; Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P emulsifier, food bars BarFlex® 171 emulsifier, food batters Kelvis® emulsifier, food emulsions Beakin LV3; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S emulsifier, food: frozen desserts Aldosperse® TS-40 FG emulsifier, food mixes Octenylsuccinic anhydride emulsifier, food processing Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glyceride; Canocol T-40; Hodag® FLO-3K; Hydrogenated vegetable oil; Lumisorb™ PSMO-20K Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K; Lumisorb™ PSTS20K; Lumisorb™ SMS KP; Lumulse® S-35; Myvacet® 9-08K Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate emulsifier, food washing/peeling Miranol® J2M Conc. emulsifier, food w/o emulsions Propylene Glycol Alginate HV emulsifier, fortified beverages BarFlex® 171; CFM® 190; Provon® 290 emulsifier, frankfurters Cegemett® emulsifier, fresh citrus fruit coatings Rhodapon® LSB; Rhodapon® SM Special emulsifier, frostings Algin; Ammonium alginate; Bealite™ 2315; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Polyaldo® TGMS Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P; Yelkin® T; Yelkin® TS emulsifier, frozen custard Aldosperse® TS-20 FG

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, frozen dairy desserts HMP-26; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Propylene glycol alginate; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P Sucrose fatty acid esters emulsifier, frozen dairy systems Aldo® LP KFG emulsifier, frozen desserts Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS LG; Aldosperse® MS-20 FG; Aldosperse® MS-20 KFG Aldosperse® O-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS-20 FG; Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG; Alphadim® 70K Atmos® 150; Bakers yeast extract; Baker's yeast glycan; BFP 74A; BFP 75K Canarcel TW 60; Canarcel TW 80; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 3GS; Caprol® MPGO DREWMULSE® 200K; Durem™ 117; Durem™ 207; Durfax® 65; Durfax® 80 EMG 20 K; Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Glass H®; Glicepol 160; Glicepol 180 Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Glycosperse® TS20 KFG; Hexaphos®; Hodag® S-35 K; Ice # 2 Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470; Liposorb S Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20; Lumisorb™ PSMO-20K; Lumulse® GMO K; Polysorbate 65 Sodaphos®; T-Maz® 65K; Tween® 60V emulsifier, frozen doughs Emulpur™ N; Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK emulsifier, frozen emulsifier Mazol® 80 MGK emulsifier, frozen foods Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF emulsifier, frozen mousses Cremodan® Mousse emulsifier, frozen sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd. emulsifier, frozen spaghetti Soybean (Glycine soja) protein emulsifier, fruit beverages Ticaxan® Regular

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, fruit coatings Agnique FOH SA-20; Chemal OA-9; Glycosperse® S-20 KFG; Oleth-9; Oleth-20 emulsifier, fruit coating waxes Oleth-23 emulsifier, fruit drinks Manucol® Ester ER/K emulsifier, fruit fillings KELTOSE® emulsifier, fruit juices Algin; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd. emulsifier, fruit pie fillings Methylcellulose emulsifier, fruits Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate emulsifier, fruit sherbets Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK emulsifier, fruit washing Calsoft® L-60; Rhodacal® LDS-22 emulsifier, frying margarine Grindsted™ CITREM emulsifier, fudge Aldosperse® MS BO KFG emulsifier, fudge sauces Aldosperse® MS BO KFG emulsifier, full-fat items Emser® 555 emulsifier, functional foods Magnesium Caseinate S emulsifier, gelatin Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; Algin; Ammonium alginate; Propylene glycol alginate emulsifier, gelatin desserts Canarcel TW 60; T-Maz® 80K emulsifier, gelled meat prods. Furcelleran emulsifier, glazes Gum ghatti; Hydroxypropylcellulose; KELSET® emulsifier, gravies BFP 800; Emplex; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF; Lecigran™ 6750 Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ T; Propylene glycol alginate Thermolec 200; Thermolec WFC; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd.; Xanthan gum Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, growing children foods Starch sodium octenyl succinate emulsifier, gum BFP 74A; Magnesium stearate emulsifier, half & half Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate emulsifier, hams EM 25 emulsifier, hard candy Algin emulsifier, hazelnut pastes Tinamul® emulsifier, health drinks CMP-GP; CMP-I® emulsifier, health foods Calcium Caseinate S; Pisane®; Pisane®; Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P emulsifier, high-fat ice cream IS-07(P); Rikemal MI-2-(V) emulsifier, high-fat systems Emulfluid® E emulsifier, high-flavored mixes Maltrin® M700 emulsifier, high-heat systems Emulfluid® AS emulsifier, high-protein beverages Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ T emulsifier, high-protein food BFP 30 emulsifier, high-ratio shortening Grindsted™ LACTEM P-22 Kosher emulsifier, hot chocolate TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. emulsifier, hot dogs Emser® 555 emulsifier, hot-melt strippable food coatings Acetylated hydrogenated vegetable glyceride; Acetylated lard glyceride emulsifier, hot-water dessert gels Keltone® emulsifier, ice cream Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Admul MG 40-04; Admul MG 42-04; Admul MG 44-04; Admul MG 60-04 Adocream KS-56P; Adocream Z-86; Aldosperse® 40/60; Aldosperse® O-20; Aldosperse® O-20 KFG

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Aldosperse® TS-20; Aldosperse® TS-20 FG; Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS40; Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG Algin; Alphadim® 70K; Ammonium alginate; Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180 BFP 74A; Brominated vegetable oil; Canarcel TW 80; Crodacreme Range; Emulpur™ N Glass H®; Glicepol 180; Glyceryl stearate; Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Glycosperse® TS20 KFG Hexaphos®; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Imwitor® 171; Imwitor® 191; Lamemul® K 2000-Range Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK; Lumulse® GMS K; Lumulse® PGO K; Maisine®; MingQiong Brand Polyaldo® 10-1-O; Polyaldo® DGDO; Polyaldo® HGDS; Polyaldo® TGMS; Polysorbate 65 Polysorbate 80; PROVImel® FO 4; Sodaphos®; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium Alginate HV Sodium Alginate LV; Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium starch glycolate; Softenol® 3945; Sucrose stearate TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 2004; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 17456; Tinamul®; TMaz® 80K emulsifier, ice cream: milk fat PROVImel® FO 6 emulsifier, ice cream mixes Admul Emulsponge 5306; Alkamuls® PSMO-20 emulsifier, ice cream stabilizers Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P emulsifier, ice cream: vegetable fat PROVImel® FO 5; PROVImel® FO 6 emulsifier, ice milk Aldosperse® O-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS-20 FG emulsifier, icing mixes Aldosperse® MS-20 KFG emulsifier, icings Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Aldosperse® MS-20 KFG Bealite™ 650; BFP 65C; BFP 65K; Canarcel 60; Canarcel TW 60

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Crillet 3; DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher; Durem™ 114; Durem™ 204; Durem™ 224 NG Durfax® 60; Durfax® 65; Durfax® EOM; Durtan® 60; EMG 20 K Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Glicepol 160; Glicepol GMS 20; Glyceryl mono shortening; Glycomul® S KFG Glycosperse® TS-20 KFG; Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S KELTOSE®; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Liposorb S; Lumulse® POE (20) GMSK; Myvatex® Texture Lite® K Myverol® 18-50K; Myverol® 18-92K; Myverol® 18-99; PEG-20 glyceryl stearate; Polycon® S60 K Safflower glyceride; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Succistearin; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G Ultralec® P; Xpando; Yelkin® T; Yelkin® TS emulsifier, icings/fillings Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20 emulsifier, icing shortenings Dimodan® O Kosher; Dimodan® S emulsifier, icings/icing mixes Aldosperse® MS-20 FG; Mazol® 80 MGK emulsifier, icings/toppings Vykamol 83G emulsifier, imitation cheeses Calcium Caseinate R; EM 6; EM 9N; HMP26; Sodium Caseinate Spray F&P emulsifier, imitation chocolate Tristearin emulsifier, imitation dairy prods. Mira-Cap® emulsifier, industrially-produced dessert sauces PROVImel® NT 625 emulsifier, infant food Calcium Caseinate S emulsifier, infant formula replacement systems Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F-SB; Centrol® 3F-UB emulsifier, infant formulas Capmul® GMO; Capmul® GMS-50; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 3GS; Caprol® 10G40 Caprol® 10G10O; Caprol® PGE860; Myverol® 18-04; Myverol® 18-04K; Myverol® 18-06K 2264

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Myverol® 18-07K; Myverol® 18-35K; Thermolec 200; Thermolec WFC; Topcithin® Yelkin® Gold emulsifier, infant nutrition formulas Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180 emulsifier, infant-weaning foods Starch sodium octenyl succinate emulsifier, instant beverage mixes Performix™ E Lecithin; Thermolec 200; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P Yelkin® Gold emulsifier, instant drinks TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. emulsifier, instant dry beverage mixes Yelkin® 1018 emulsifier, instant dry mixes Thermolec WFC emulsifier, instant dry yeast: baked goods Servit® Range emulsifier, instant dry yeast mfg.: baking Lamegin® ZE Range emulsifier, instant egg nog Dariloid® QH emulsifier, instant foods Beakin LV3; Thermolec 200; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P Yelkin® 1018; Yelkin® Gold emulsifier, instant mixes Beakin LV2 emulsifier, instant powdered mixes Dariloid® QH emulsifier, instant/prepared foods Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ M; Lecigran™ T emulsifier, jams Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Ammonium alginate Furcelleran; Pectin; Pectin, amidated; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Xanthan gum emulsifier, jellies Ammonium alginate; BFP 74A; BFP 75K; Furcelleran; Pectin Pectin, amidated; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

tetrahydrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium tartrate Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate emulsifier, jelly candies Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 emulsifier, juice drinks Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF emulsifier, juices Nutriloid® Gum Arabic emulsifier, ketchup Meyprogen®-MS®; Tylopur® C 1000 P2 emulsifier, lactobacillus drinks Protanal Ester CF emulsifier, large commercial bakeries Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC emulsifier, layer cakes Bealite™ 3401L; Cake D-Lite; Vanall; Vanlite emulsifier, lemon drinks Ascorbyl palmitate emulsifier, liquid coffee whiteners Panodan™ FDP Kosher emulsifier, liquid emulsions Yelkin® Gold emulsifier, liquid shortening Lactylic esters of fatty acids emulsifier, liquid toppings Lamegin® WTP emulsifier, liver prods. EM 25 emulsifier, liver sausages Cegemett® MZ 490 emulsifier, low-alcohol beers Yucca glauca extract emulsifier, low-calorie mixes Maltrin® M700 emulsifier, low-calorie salad dressings Polyglyceryl-3 polyricinoleate emulsifier, low-calorie spreads Polyglyceryl-3 polyricinoleate emulsifier, low-fat cakes Bealite™ 650 emulsifier, low-fat ice cream IS-07(P) emulsifier, low-fat ice cream/sherbets Adocream AP-66 emulsifier, low-fat/nonfat foods TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaloid® 210 S Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder 2265

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, low-fat foods Emser® 555 emulsifier, low-fat spreads Calcium Caseinate R emulsifier, low sodium dietetic foods Potassium caseinate emulsifier, low-sodium dietetic foods Potassium Caseinate S emulsifier, low-sodium foods KELMAR® emulsifier, luncheon meats EM 25 emulsifier, margarine Admul MG 40-04; Admul MG 42-04; Admul MG 44-04; Admul MG 60-04; Aldo® MS LG Alphadim® 90AB; Alphadim® 90PBK; Alphadim® 90SBK; Alphadim® 90VCK; Ascorbyl palmitate BFP 64K; BFP 65C; BFP 65K; BFP 74A; BFP 75K Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Corn (Zea mays) oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Crester L Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Dimodan® HA; Dimodan® O Kosher; Dimodan® PVP Kosher; Dimodan® S Disodium citrate; DREWMULSE® 200K; DREWPOL® 10-6-O; DREWPOL® 10-10-O; DREWPOL PGPR Durem™ 114; Durem™ 117; Durem™ 204; Durem™ 224 NG; Excel 122V Excel 200; Excel P-40S; Glicepol 160; Glicepol 180; Glicepol GMS 20 Glyceryl mono/distearate-palmitate; Glyceryl stearate SE; Hydrogenated tallow glyceride citrate; Hydroxylated lecithin; Imwitor® 171 Imwitor® 191; Imwitor® 491; Leciprime™ 1500; Lumulse® GMS K; Lumulse® PGO K Myverol® 18-04K; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil; Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K Panalite® 90D K; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Phosphatidylcholine; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate Polymuls® PGPR; Propylene glycol monoand diesters of fats and fatty acids; Propymuls® Range; Softenol® 3945; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Span® 65; Span® 65K; Stearyl citrate; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; Tinamul® Yelkin® T; Yelkin® TS emulsifier, marinades Citri-Fi® 100 M40; Citri-Fi® 300 FG; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. emulsifier, mayonnaise Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Pectin, amidated; Phosphatidylcholine; Protanal Ester SD-H TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder; Tinamul®; Tylopur® C 1000 P2 emulsifier, meat Hydrogenated tallow glyceride citrate; Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Ultralec® F Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P emulsifier, meatballs Soybean (Glycine soja) protein emulsifier, meat emulsions Grindsted™ CITREM emulsifier, meat loaves EM 25 emulsifier, meat/poultry prods. EM 25 emulsifier, meat processing Karaya Gum FCC; Potassium phosphate; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC emulsifier, meat prods. Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Cegemett®; CFM® 190; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; EM 6 EM 20; EM LV; Emser® 555; Emser® 736; Glyceryl oleate HMP-26; Imwitor® 372 P; IPSO-MR Dispersible; Lecithin; Milk protein MingQiong Brand; Pisane®; Potassium citrate; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Sodium caseinate Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Sucroglycerides emulsifier, medical/diet prods. CMP-GP; CMP-I® 2266

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, meringue powders Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC emulsifier, meringues Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Egg White Solids Type P-20 Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC; KELTOSE®; Manucol® Ester M; Methyl ethyl cellulose emulsifier, milk beverages Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-170 emulsifier, milk ice cream PROVImel® FO 4; PROVImel® FO 5 emulsifier, milk prods. Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Topcithin®; Xanthan gum emulsifier, milk puddings Furcelleran emulsifier, milk replacers: animal feed C8-10 acid triglyceride emulsifier, milk shakes Dariloid® QH; Magnesium caseinate; Nutriloid® Gum Arabic; PROVImel® FO 1 emulsifier, minced meat mfg. Lamegin® ZE Range emulsifier, min. oils PEG-7 oleate emulsifier, mint Magnesium stearate emulsifier, mixes Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Sodium stearoyl lactylate emulsifier, mozzarella Qual Flo® emulsifier, muffins Bealite™ 3561; Cake D-Lite; Vanall; Vanlite emulsifier, multifunctional: foods Capmul® GMO-50, EP/NF emulsifier, mustard/mint sauces Manucol® Ester M emulsifier, Neufchatel cream cheese Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 emulsifier, nondairy coffee whiteners Emplex; Mira-Cap®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, nondairy creamers EM 6; EM 7; Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Glycosperse® TS-20 KFG; Potassium phosphate dibasic Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P emulsifier, nondairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids emulsifier, nonfat cakes Durem™ 207-E emulsifier, nonnutritive sweeteners Arabinogalactan emulsifier, nonstandard frozen desserts Alkamuls® PSMO-20 emulsifier, nonstandardized dressings Arabinogalactan emulsifier, nougats BFP 74A; BFP 75K emulsifier, Nougat sauces PROVImel® FO 4 emulsifier, nutritional beverages EM 9N; Pro-Fam® 922 emulsifier, nutritional dry mixes Provon® 290 emulsifier, nutritional powder drink bases Arcon® Plus 411; Arcon® SM emulsifier, nutritional prods. Alanate Sodium Caseinate; Capmul® MCML; Capmul® MCM-L8; Capmul® PG-8; HCA-411 HLA-198; Hydrolyzed casein; Hydrolyzed milk protein; Hydrolyzed whey protein; Imwitor® 988 Magnesium caseinate; Witafrol® 7420 emulsifier, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® GMO; Capmul® GMS-50; Capmul® MCM; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 3GS Caprol® 10G40; Caprol® 10G10O; Caprol® PGE860 emulsifier, nutritional supplements Epikuron™ 130 emulsifier, nutrition bars BarFlex® 171; CFM® 190 emulsifier, nuts Glyceryl stearate emulsifier, oils Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Paniplex SK; Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids; Tween® 80K 2267

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, oils: baby foods Lecigran™ 5750 emulsifier, oils: bakery blends Mira-Cap® emulsifier, oils: beverage powders Mira-Cap® emulsifier, oils: confectionery blends Mira-Cap® emulsifier, oils: dry food mixes Food starch, modified emulsifier, oils: dry mixes Mira-Cap® emulsifier, oils/fats: food Poem DO-100 emulsifier, oils: food Canarcel 65; Canarcel 80 emulsifier, oils: semidairy/nondairy fat concs. IPSO-FC emulsifier, oils: spray-dried milk replacers IPSO-FC emulsifier, oils: spray-dried processed food IPSO-FC emulsifier, oleomargarine Lecithin; Lecithin emulsifier, organic ice cream TIC Pretested® Dairyblend Organic IC emulsifier, o/w Alcolec® PS 20 P; Alcolec® PS 40 P; Alcolec® PS 50 P; Crillet 4 Super; DS-100A J-0021; J-0081H; J-0381; J-4081; J-4581 Lecion LP-1; PR-100; TS-10V emulsifier, o/w and w/o: food Ryoto Sugar Ester LWA-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-070 emulsifier, o/w: aq. systems Glycosperse® L-10 K emulsifier, o/w: baked goods Liposorb L-20; Solec™ A; Solec™ F; Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate Sucrose tristearate emulsifier, o/w: bakery prods. Polysorbate 85 emulsifier, o/w: baking mixes Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate emulsifier, o/w: boiled sausages Imwitor® 380 emulsifier, o/w: bread Precept™ 8120™ emulsifier, o/w: cakes Clearate WDF

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, o/w: calf milk replacement Emulbesto 100 A; Emulbesto 100 E emulsifier, o/w: caramels Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370 emulsifier, o/w: cheese sauces Centrophase® HR2B; Solec™ F emulsifier, o/w:chewing gum bases Performix™ A Lecithin emulsifier, o/w: chocolate Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370; Solec™ F emulsifier, o/w: coffee whiteners Liposorb L-20; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370 emulsifier, o/w: confectionery Liposorb L-20; Performix™ A Lecithin; Polysorbate 85 emulsifier, o/w: continuous cooking systems Centrophase® HR4B emulsifier, o/w: convenience food Polysorbate 85 emulsifier, o/w: cooked sausages Imwitor® 380 emulsifier, o/w: dairy prods. Polysorbate 85 emulsifier, o/w: deep fat fryer systems Centrophase® HR4B emulsifier, o/w: dressings Imwitor® 380 emulsifier, o/w emulsions Durfax® 60K; Emulfluid® A; Emulfluid® HL 66; Granular Gum Ghatti #1; Panodan™ FDP Kosher Powdered Gum Ghatti #1; Sorbitan 60 K; Tagat® S; Thermolec WFC emulsifier, o/w emulsions: baking Lamesorb® Range emulsifier, o/w emulsions: food Lonzest® GMS-C emulsifier, o/w: fillings Liposorb L-20 emulsifier, o/w: flavors Liposorb L-20; Sorbax PML-20; Sorbax PMO-5; Sorbax PMO-20; Sorbax PMP-20 Sorbax PMS-20; Sorbax PTO-20; Sorbax PTS-20 emulsifier, o/w: food Ablunol T-20; Ablunol T-60; Ablunol T-80; Admul SSL 1078; Admul SSL 2012

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Alcolec® Granules; Centrolex® R; Centrophase® HR2B; Centrophase® HR4B; Clearate WDF Crillet 1 HP; Crillet 1 NF; Decaglyn 2-SV; Glycosperse® L-10 K; Imwitor® 375 Liposorb L-20; Lonzest® HPO-40; Lonzest® MSA; Myrj® 52; PEG-40 sorbitan tetraoleate Polyglyceryl-10 dioleate; Polyglyceryl-6 oleate; Polyglyceryl-4 pentaoleate; Polyglyceryl-4 pentastearate; Polyglyceryl-4 tristearate Precept™ 8160™; ProEm™ 300; ProEm™ 74; ProEm™ 75; Rikemal Y-61 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-170; Solec™ A; Solec™ D; Solec™ E; Solec™ F Solec™ P; Solec™ S; Sorbitan tallate; Sorbitan tritallate; Span® 85 Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose polystearate; Sucrose tristearate; Tetraglyn 1-OV Tetraglyn 3-S; Tetraglyn 5-O; Tetraglyn 5-S emulsifier, o/w: food processing Sodium sulfoacetate derivs. of mono- and diglycerides emulsifier, o/w: frostings Solec™ F emulsifier, o/w: frozen dairy desserts Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate emulsifier, o/w: frozen desserts Liposorb L-20 emulsifier, o/w: granola bars Solec™ F emulsifier, o/w: highly polar oils, fats Imwitor® 375 emulsifier, o/w: ice cream Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270 emulsifier, o/w: icings Clearate WDF; Liposorb L-20 emulsifier, o/w: instant cocoa Clearate WDF emulsifier, o/w: instantizing Solec™ D emulsifier, o/w: instantizing milk powders Solec™ E emulsifier, o/w: margarine Performix™ A Lecithin; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270 emulsifier, o/w: meat gravies Solec™ F emulsifier, o/w: milk powders Solec™ F Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, o/w: nondairy creamers Centrophase® HR2B; Solec™ F emulsifier, o/w: pickles Liposorb L-20 emulsifier, o/w: pitas Precept™ 8120™ emulsifier, o/w: precooked waffles Precept™ 8140™ emulsifier, o/w: salad dressings Liposorb L-20 emulsifier, o/w: salads Imwitor® 380 emulsifier, o/w: sausage casings Span® 85 emulsifier, o/w: shortening Centrophase® HR2B; Ryoto Sugar Ester S270; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370 emulsifier, o/w: soups Imwitor® 380 emulsifier, o/w: sugar-coated snacks Precept™ 8140™ emulsifier, o/w: vegetable/animal fats Blendmax 322 emulsifier, o/w: whipped topping bases Polyglyceryl-6 oleate emulsifier, o/w: whipped toppings Liposorb L-20; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370 emulsifier, o/w: whole milk powders Blendmax 322 emulsifier, pancake mixes Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic emulsifier, panned sugar Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K emulsifier, pan release agents Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Mazol® 80 MGK emulsifier, pasta Alphadim® 90PBK; Alphadim® 90SBK; Alphadim® 90SBK FG; BFP 800; Glyceryl mono/distearate-palmitate Imwitor® 171; Imwitor® 191; Imwitor® 491; Softenol® 3945 emulsifier, pasta prods. EM 20 emulsifier, pasteurized processed cheeses Emulsi-Phos 440™; Emulsi-Phos 660™; Emulsi-Phos 990™ emulsifier, pastries Imwitor® 550; Pisane®; Pisane®; Succistearin

2269

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, peanut butter Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldosperse® MS BO KFG; Alphadim® 90AB Alphadim® 90PBK; Alphadim® 90SBK; DREWMULSE® 200K; Excel 122V; Excel 200 Excel P-40S; Glyceryl stearate; Hydrogenated rapeseed oil; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470 Myverol® 18-04K; Myverol® 18-07K; Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K Rapeseed glyceride emulsifier, pet foods Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS LG FG; Yelkin® DS emulsifier, pickles Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20; T-Maz® 80K emulsifier, pie crusts Alcolec® 30-A emulsifier, pie fillings Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Kelcosol® Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF; Ticaxan® Regular emulsifier, pizza GMS 90; GMS 90 Double Strength emulsifier, polymer dispersions: beet sugar juice clarification Sorbitan oleate emulsifier, polymer dispersions: beet sugar juice/liquor clarification Span® 80V Pharma emulsifier, polymer dispersions: cane sugar juice clarification Sorbitan oleate emulsifier, polymer dispersions: cane sugar juice/liquor clarification Span® 80V Pharma emulsifier, polymer dispersions: liquor clarification Sorbitan oleate emulsifier, pork Disodium citrate emulsifier, potato prods. Imwitor® 171; Imwitor® 191; Imwitor® 960; Softenol® 3945 emulsifier, potato prods.ice cream Imwitor® 491 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, poultry Disodium citrate; Lecithin; Malt extract; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Xanthan gum emulsifier, poultry/meat canning Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 emulsifier, poultry prods. Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; EM 20; Emser® 555; Emser® 736; IPSO-MR Dispersible Potassium tripolyphosphate emulsifier, pound cakes Ryoto Ester SP emulsifier, pourable dressings Manucol® Ester M emulsifier, powdered coffee whiteners Panodan™ FDP Kosher emulsifier, powdered dietetic prods. EM 9N emulsifier, powdered/liquid drinks Nutriloid® Gum Arabic emulsifier, powdered mixes Emulfluid® HL 66; Emulpur™ N; Epikuron™ 130; Topcithin® emulsifier, prepared cake mixes EC-25® emulsifier, prepared dishes Pisane®; Pisane® emulsifier, prepared food mixes Durlac® 100W emulsifier, processed cheeses Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180; Beakin LV3; Calcium Caseinate R; Calcium Caseinate R EM 9N; EM 20; Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Kasal® Potassium citrate; Sodaphos®; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium aluminum phosphate basic; Sodium caseinate Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate Sodium phosphate tribasic; Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate emulsifier, processed food Emplex 2270

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, processed meat prods. EM 9N emulsifier, processed meats Arcon® Plus 411; Arcon® SM; Ascorbyl palmitate emulsifier, processed poultry prods. Emser® 736; EM 9N emulsifier, protein Katch® Fish Phosphate; Nutrifos® 088; Nutrifos® 100; Nutrifos® B-75; Nutrifos® B-90 Nutrifos® BC; Nutrifos® L-50; Nutrifos® Powder; Santone® 8-1-O emulsifier, protein bars EM 9N emulsifier, protein fortified beverages Provon® 190 HS emulsifier, provolone cheeses Qual Flo® emulsifier, pseudo: cake/muffin batter systems JustFiber® 20E; JustFiber® 80; JustFiber® L20; Solka-Floc® 20; Solka-Floc® 300 Solka-Floc® 1016 emulsifier, pudding mixes Arabinogalactan; Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate emulsifier, puddings Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Alphadim® 70K; Atmos® 150 Dariloid® QH; Emplex; Glyceryl stearate; Kelcosol®; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® TF; Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate emulsifier, ready mixes Soyapan™ emulsifier, reduced-fat cakes/muffins Grindsted™ GA 1350 K-A emulsifier, reduced-fat foods Durem™ 114; Durem™ 117; Durem™ 204; Dur-Lo®; EC-25® Polyaldo® HGDS emulsifier, refrigerated dough Ticaxan® Regular emulsifier, release agents Emulfluid® AS; Tinamul®; Yelkin® 1018 emulsifier, release emulsions Imwitor® 375

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, relishes Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. emulsifier, rendered animal fats Glyceryl lactooleate; Glyceryl palmitate lactate; Glyceryl stearate lactate; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids emulsifier, rendered poultry fat Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids emulsifier, rice-based drinks TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/HV Powder emulsifier, rice cakes Maisine® emulsifier, rolls Ascorbyl palmitate; Atlas® 5520; Rikemal MM-100; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8 Tandem® 11H K; Tandem® 552; Tandem® 552 K emulsifier, salad compds. Meyprogen®-MS® emulsifier, salad dressing emulsions TIC Pretested® Aragum® T-1998 Powder emulsifier, salad dressings Bakers yeast extract; Baker's yeast glycan; Canarcel TW 60; C*EmTex; Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Coyote Stabilizer PF-3; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelcoloid® HVF Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S; Leciprime™ 1500; Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20 Mira-Cap®; Polyaldo® TGMS; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/HV Powder; TIC Pretested® 2271

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Saladizer® 250 TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder; Tween® 60V; Tylopur® C 300 P2; Xanthan gum emulsifier, salad oils Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil emulsifier, salami Hydrolyzed milk protein emulsifier, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose emulsifier, sauces Actoloid® 2210; Algin; Ammonium alginate; Bealite™ 3561; BFP 800 C8-10 acid triglyceride; Calcium Caseinate R; CFM® 190; Citric acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Emplex Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Hydrolyzed milk protein; Imwitor® 175; Imwitor® 361; Imwitor® 370 Imwitor® 372; Imwitor® 373; Kelcosol®; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF Maisine®; Meyprogen®-MS®; Myvatex® Texture Lite® K; Nutriloid® Gum Arabic; Pisane® Pisane®; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; Softenol® 3108 Sucroglycerides; Thermolec 200; Thermolec WFC; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Caragum 300 2473 Powd. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder; Xanthan gum; Yelkinol® G; Yelkinol® P emulsifier, sausages C8-10 acid triglyceride; Cegemett®; EM 25; Emser® 736; Imwitor® 175

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Imwitor® 361; Imwitor® 370; Imwitor® 372 P; Imwitor® 372; Imwitor® 373 Imwitor® 960; Sodium caseinate; Softenol® 3108; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Tinamul® emulsifier, seafood Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium hexametaphosphate emulsifier, seasonings Propylene glycol alginate emulsifier, self: oils Lumulse® GMS K emulsifier, sherbets Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG; Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC; Sodium Alginate HV Sodium Alginate LV emulsifier, shortening Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Admul GLP 2033; Admul MG 40-04; Admul MG 42-04; Admul MG 44-04 Admul MG 60-04; Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Ascorbyl palmitate; BFP 64K; BFP L Mono Calcium lactate; Canarcel 60; Canarcel TW 80; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil Crill 3; DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher; DREWPOL® 10-10-O; DREWPOL PGPR; Durfax® 80 EC-25®; Excel 122V; Excel 200; Excel P40S; Glicepol 160 Glicepol 180; Glyceryl mono/distearatepalmitate; Glyceryl mono shortening; Glyceryl stearate; Glyceryl stearate lactate Glyceryl stearate SE; Grindsted™ ACETEM; Grindsted™ LACTEM; Hodag® S-35 K; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Lecithin; Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK; Lumulse® GMS K; Myverol® 18-35K; Myverol® 18-50K Myverol® 18-92K; Myverol® SMG® VK; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Polyaldo® TGMS; Polymuls® Range Polymuls® PGPR; Propylene glycol monodistearate; Propymuls® Range; Ryoto 2272

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Sugar Ester O-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester POS135 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Span® 65; Span® 65K; Stearoyl lactylic acid Succinylated monoglycerides; Succistearin; Sucrose dilaurate; Sucrose polylaurate; Sucrose polylinoleate Sucrose polyoleate; Sucrose stearate; Sucrose tetrastearate triacetate; Sucrose tribehenate; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil T-Maz® 60K; T-Maz® 80K emulsifier, shortening: cakes/pastries GMS 400V emulsifier, shortening/edible oils Polysorbate 60 emulsifier, shortening oils Lumulse® PGO K emulsifier, slimming foods Calcium Caseinate S emulsifier, snack cakes Cake D-Lite; Vanall; Vanlite emulsifier, snack dips Bakers yeast extract; Emplex emulsifier, snack food Acacia senegal; Alphadim® 90PBK; Alphadim® 90SBK; Alphadim® 90SBK FG; BFP 30 BFP 75K; Glicepol GMS 20; Imwitor® 550; Polymuls® Range; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Tinamul® emulsifier, snack foods Acacia farnesiana emulsifier, soft candy Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs. emulsifier, soft caramels Imwitor® 191; Imwitor® 491; Softenol® 3945 emulsifier, soft drinks Brominated soybean oil; Gum ghatti; Potassium citrate; Premium Granular Gum Arabic; Premium Powdered Gum Arabic Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic; Sodium Alginate HV; Sodium Alginate LV; Yucca glauca extract emulsifier, soft ice cream PROVImel® FO 1; Rikemal MI-3 emulsifier, soft-serve Aldosperse® TS-20 FG; IS-07(P) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, sorbets/sherbets Cremodan® SL emulsifier, soup mixes Alginic acid emulsifier, soups Alginic acid; C8-10 acid triglyceride; Imwitor® 175; Imwitor® 361; Imwitor® 370 Imwitor® 372; Imwitor® 373; Meyprogen®MS®; Nutriloid® Gum Arabic; Pisane® Pisane®; Sodium caseinate; Softenol® 3108; Sucroglycerides; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Saladizer® 250 TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. emulsifier, sour cream Baker's yeast glycan; Lumulse® GMS K emulsifier, sour cream bases Alphadim® 70K emulsifier, sour cream dips BFP 65C; BFP 65K; BFP 74A; BFP 75K emulsifier, sour cream prods. Bakers yeast extract emulsifier, special dietary uses Xylitol emulsifier, specialty food prods. Aldosperse® TS-20 FG emulsifier, sponge cake aerating Bealite™ 3558 emulsifier, sponge/cake batters 21110 Ovalett NNC; 21115 Ovalett; 21118 Ovalett Special emulsifier, sponge cakes Admul Emulsponge 5306; Ema-Up KM-100; Ryoto Ester SP; Sponge-Up 20; Vanall emulsifier, sponge mixes BV 40 emulsifier, sport foods Calcium Caseinate S emulsifier, sports Magnesium Caseinate S emulsifier, sports beverages Provon® 290 emulsifier, spray-dried cloud powders TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd.

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, spray-dried flavors: dry mixes Nadex® 772 emulsifier, spreadable fats Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate emulsifier, spreads EM 6; EM 7; LSC™ 3070; LSC™ 4060; LSC™ 5050 LSC™ 6040; LSC™ 6040B; LSC™ 6040DB emulsifier, stable aerated prods. BFP GLP emulsifier, stews Xanthan gum emulsifier, stuffing Hydrolyzed milk protein emulsifier, sugar MingQiong Brand emulsifier, surimi analogs Arcon® SJ emulsifier, sweet doughs Durem™ 114; Durem™ 204; Durem™ 207; Durem™ 207-E; Durem™ 224 NG Glicepol 160; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470 emulsifier, sweet goods BFP 64K; BFP 65C; BFP 65K; BFP L Mono; GMS 90 Top Mate Kosher emulsifier, sweets Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 emulsifier, Swiss-rolls BV 40 emulsifier, synthetic creams Admul PGE 1405; Admul PGE 1410 emulsifier, syrups Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® TF emulsifier, table salt Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate emulsifier, table syrups Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate emulsifier, tablet candy Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370F emulsifier, table toppings Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate emulsifier, tablets Epikuron™ 130; Microcrystalline cellulose emulsifier, toffees Crodatem L; Imwitor® 491; Tinamul®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, tomato sauces KELSET® emulsifier, tonics Epikuron™ 130 emulsifier, topping powders Grindsted™ LACTEM P-22 Kosher; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids emulsifier, toppings Admul GLP 2033; Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 Algin; Ammonium alginate; DREWMULSE® 200K; Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC EM 7; Grindsted™ ACETEM; Grindsted™ LACTEM; Imwitor® 550; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Paniplex CK; Propylene glycol monodistearate; Succistearin emulsifier, topping syrups Manucol® Ester M; PROVImel® FO 4 emulsifier, tortillas BFP 65C; BFP 65K; GMS 90; GMS 90 Double Strength emulsifier, trans-free: food BFP 65 PLM emulsifier, UHT milk Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180 emulsifier, unweighted beverage emulsions TIC Pretested® Ticamulsion® A-2010 emulsifier, vanilla flavors Malt extract emulsifier, vegetable dairy systems Caprol® 3GO; Durem™ 114; Durem™ 117; Durem™ 204; Durem™ 207 Durem™ 224 NG; Durlac® 100W emulsifier, vegetable/fruit scrubbing Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester OWA-1570 emulsifier, vegetable oils Aldo® MLD KFG; Caprol® ET; Glyceryl oleate; PEG-7 oleate; Sorbax PMO-5 Sorbax PMO-20; Sorbax PMP-20; Sorbax PMS-20; Sorbax PTO-20; Sorbax PTS-20 emulsifier, vegetable prods. S-Maz® 60K emulsifier, vegetables Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate 2274

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, vegetable washing Calsoft® L-60; Rhodacal® LDS-22 emulsifier, vegetable whipping creams Grindsted™ LACTEM P-22 Kosher emulsifier, vitamin dispersions Panodan™ FDP Kosher emulsifier, vitamin oils Polysorbate 61; Tween® 20 Pharma; Tween® 60 Pharma; Tween® 61; Tween® 65 Tween® 80V Pharma; Tween® 81; Tween® 85 emulsifier, vitamins Glyceryl caprylate/caprate; T-Maz® 80K; Tween® 80K emulsifier, vitamin tablets Hydroxypropylcellulose emulsifier, waste removal in sugar processing Hodag® CB-6 KP emulsifier, water: food Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC emulsifier, water ices Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC; PROVImel® FO 1 emulsifier, water systems Paniplex SK emulsifier, waxes Chemal OA-9; Oleth-9; Oleth-20 emulsifier, waxes: fruit fruit coatings Steareth-20 emulsifier, weighted beverage emulsions TIC Pretested® Ticamulsion® A-2010 emulsifier, whey Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate emulsifier, whey processing Sodium metaphosphate emulsifier, whipped creams Emasol L-10(F); Emasol P-10(F); Lamegin® WT emulsifier, whipped desserts Lamegin® WT emulsifier, whipped/dry toppings Yelkin® 1018 emulsifier, whipped edible oil toppings Glycosperse® O-20 KFG emulsifier, whipped milk prods. Sucrose fatty acid esters

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, whipped puddings Tylopur® C 1000 P2 emulsifier, whipped sponge mixtures Propylene glycol monodistearate emulsifier, whipped topping bases Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate; Polyglyceryl3 dioleate; Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate; Polyglyceryl-6 distearate; Polyglyceryl-10 distearate Polyglyceryl-6 hexaoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 laurate; Polyglyceryl-10 myristate; Polyglyceryl-10 octaoleate; Polyglyceryl-3 oleate Polyglyceryl-4 oleate; Polyglyceryl-8 oleate; Polyglyceryl-10 oleate; Polyglyceryl-10 pentaoleate; Polyglyceryl-3 stearate Polyglyceryl-4 stearate; Polyglyceryl-8 stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate; Polyglyceryl-2 tetrastearate emulsifier, whipped topping concs.: baked goods Lamegin® EE Range; Lamegin® EE 50; Lamegin® EE 70; Lamegin® EE 100 emulsifier, whipped toppings Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® PGHMS KFG Aldosperse® MS BO KFG; Aldosperse® MS-20 KFG; Alphadim® 70K; Bealite™ 2315; BFP 74A BFP 75K; Canarcel TW 60; Canarcel TW 80; Dariloid® QH; Durem™ 114 Durem™ 204; Durem™ 207; Durem™ 224 NG; Durfax® 60; Durfax® 65 Durfax® 80; Durlac® 100W; Durtan® 60; EMG 20 K; Glicepol 160 Glicepol GMS 20; Glyceryl palmitate lactate; Glyceryl stearate; Glycomul® S KFG; Glycosperse® TS-20 KFG Grindsted™ PGMS USV K-A; Hodag® S-35 K; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Imwitor® 515 S; Imwitor® 520 S Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470; Liposorb S; Liposorb S-20K; Liposorb TS-20 Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK; Lumulse® POE (20) GMSK; Methyl ethyl cellulose; Myvatex® Texture Lite® K; Myverol® 1806K Myverol® 18-07K; Myverol® P-06K; Paniplex SK; Polyaldo® TGMS; Polycon® S60 K 2275

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 65; Promodan USV Kosher; Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids Softenol® 3767; Softenol® 3995; Sorbitan stearate; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; TMaz® 60K T-Maz® 65K; T-Maz® 80K emulsifier, whipped vegetable toppings Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides; Glyceryl stearate lactate emulsifier, whipped vegetable oil toppings Aldosperse® MS-20 FG emulsifier, white bread Soyapan™ emulsifier, whitening agents C*EmCap emulsifier, whole muscle items Emser® 736 emulsifier, wh. toast Soyapan™ emulsifier, w/o: baked goods Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate emulsifier, w/o: bakery/prepared mixes Mazol® GMO K; Mazol® GMS-K emulsifier, w/o: baking mixes Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate emulsifier, w/o: breads Solec™ K emulsifier, w/o: buns Solec™ K emulsifier, w/o: cake shortenings Glyceryl linoleate emulsifier, w/o: caramel Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770; Sucrose distearate emulsifier, w/o: chewing gum Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770; Sucrose distearate emulsifier, w/o: chewing gum bases Performix™ A Lecithin emulsifier, w/o: chocolate Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB; Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770; Sucrose distearate emulsifier, w/o: chocolate confectionery Solec™ 68 SB; Solec™ 68-UB; Solec™ 70 SB; Solec™ 70 UB Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, w/o: chocolate masses Imwitor® 600 emulsifier, w/o: cocoa-based sweets Imwitor® 600 emulsifier, w/o: coffee whiteners Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770 emulsifier, w/o: confectionery Performix™ A Lecithin emulsifier, w/o: confectionery antistaling Solec™ K emulsifier, w/o: convenience food Mazol® GMO K; Mazol® GMS-K emulsifier, w/o: dairy prods. Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K emulsifier, w/o emulsions Beakin LV4; Beakin LV30; BFP GLP; Panatex® K emulsifier, w/o: emulsions Solec™ K emulsifier, w/o emulsions: baking Lamesorb® Range emulsifier, w/o: flavor-sensitive drinks Solec® C emulsifier, w/o: flavor-sensitive food Solec® C emulsifier, w/o: food Acyl lactylates; Alcolec® BS; Alcolec® S; Alcolec® XTRA-A; Centrocap® 162US Centrocap® 162US; Centrocap® 273SS; Centrocap® 273SS; Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB Clearate B-60; Crill 43; Crill 45; DGMS; Glyceryl linoleate Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Mazol® GMO K; Mazol® GMS-K; Monomuls® 90 O18 PH Plurol® Diisostearique; Polyglyceryl-2 oleate; Polyglyceryl-2 stearate; ProEm™ 100; ProEm™ 300 ProEm™ 74; ProEm™ 75; SO-15MV; SO15V; Solec™ 162SS Solec™ 162SS; Solec™ 68 SB; Solec™ 68UB; Solec™ 70 SB; Solec™ 70 UB Solec™ WD; Solec™ WD; Span® 20 Pharma; Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate Sucrose polystearate; Sucrose tristearate emulsifier, w/o food emulsions Beakin LV1; Beakin LV2 emulsifier, w/o: frozen dairy desserts Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate 2276

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference emulsifier, w/o: frozen desserts Mazol® GMO K; Mazol® GMS-K emulsifier, w/o: ice cream Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770 emulsifier, w/o: icings Glyceryl linoleate emulsifier, w/o: instantizing whole milk powders Solec™ K emulsifier, w/o: low-calorie salad dressings Imwitor® 600 emulsifier, w/o: low-calorie spreads Glyceryl linoleate; Imwitor® 600 emulsifier, w/o: low-fat spreads Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Sucrose distearate emulsifier, w/o: margarine Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB; Mazol® GMO K; Mazol® GMS-K; Performix™ A Lecithin Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Solec™ 68 SB; Solec™ 68-UB; Solec™ 70 SB; Solec™ 70 UB Sucrose distearate emulsifier, w/o: oil/fat prods. Alcolec® XTRA-A emulsifier, w/o: rolls Solec™ K emulsifier, w/o: shortening Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770 emulsifier, w/o: sugar mfg. Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Sucrose distearate emulsifier, w/o: whipped topping base Polyglyceryl-2 oleate emulsifier, yeast Hydroxylated lecithin; Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids emulsifier, yeast buns Alcolec® 30-A emulsifier, yeast-leavened sweet goods GMS 90 Double Strength emulsifier, yeast-raised baked goods Atlas® 5520; Prefera® SSL; Tally® 100 Plus; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8 Tandem® 11H K; Tandem® 552; Tandem® 552 K emulsifier, yeast-raised bakery mixes Xpando Powder emulsifier, yeast-raised bakery prods. Panodan™ 205 K; Xpando Powder Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

emulsifier, yeast-raised donuts Soft Touch K emulsifier, yogurt Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Calcium Caseinate R EM 7; Pectin, amidated; Sodium caseinate emulsifier, yogurt/fruit preps. Manucol® Ester M emulsifying salt Albrite® SAPP Food Grade; Calcium citrate; Puron F encapsulant, bakery dry mixes Hi-Cap™ 200 encapsulant, beverage dry mixes Encapsul® 855 encapsulant, beverage mixes Cargill Dry MD 01960 encapsulant, beverages C*EmCap; N-Creamer™ 46 encapsulant, cake dry mixes Encapsul® 855 encapsulant, cakes C*EmTex encapsulant, citrus flavors National® 46 encapsulant, clouds Hi-Cap™ 200 encapsulant, clouds: bakery dry mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, clouds: bar mixes Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, clouds: breakfast drinks Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, clouds: coffees Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, clouds: creamers Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, clouds: creams Capsul® encapsulant, clouds: dry beverage mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, clouds: teas Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, coffee creamers N-Creamer™ 46 encapsulant, coffee whiteners C*EmTex encapsulant, creamers C*EmTex; Hi-Cap™ 200

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference encapsulant, dairy flavors EmCap-Instant 12639 encapsulant, delicate flavor oils National® 46 encapsulant, dry mixes Encapsul® 855 encapsulant, fats/oils N-Lok®; N-Lok® 1930 encapsulant, flavor emulsions C*EmCap encapsulant, flavors C*EmCap; HallStar® GDS 386F; Hi-Cap™ 200; N-Lok®; N-Lok® 1930 TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic FCC/NF Powder encapsulant, flavors: bakery dry mixes Capsul®; Capsul® TA; Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, flavors: bar mixes Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, flavors: bartender dry mixes Capsul® TA encapsulant, flavors: breakfast drinks Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, flavors: cakes Capsul® TA encapsulant, flavors: coffees Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, flavors: confectionery Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic encapsulant, flavors: cookies Capsul® TA encapsulant, flavors: creamers Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, flavors: creams Capsul® encapsulant, flavors: dry beverage mixes Capsul®; Capsul® TA; Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, flavors: high fiber mixes Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic encapsulant, flavors: liquid beverages Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic encapsulant, flavors: teas Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, food Acetylated distarch phosphate encapsulant, gravy mixes Cargill Dry MD 01960 encapsulant, high-fat systems EmCap 06376 encapsulant, icing mixes Cargill Dry MD 01960

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

encapsulant, lemon flavors N-Lok® encapsulant, liquid clouds EmCap-Instant 12639 encapsulant, liquid emulsions N-Creamer™ 46 encapsulant, oils: bakery blends Mira-Cap® encapsulant, oils: beverage powders Mira-Cap® encapsulant, oils: confectionery blends Mira-Cap® encapsulant, oils: dry food mixes Food starch, modified encapsulant, oils: dry mixes Mira-Cap® encapsulant, orange flavors N-Lok® encapsulant, o/w emulsions N-Creamer™ 46 encapsulant, pudding dry mixes Encapsul® 855 encapsulant, salad dressings Cargill Dry MD 01960; C*EmTex; NCreamer™ 46 encapsulant, sauce mixes Cargill Dry MD 01960 encapsulant, savory EmCap 06376 encapsulant, soup mixes Cargill Dry MD 01960 encapsulant, spice blends Cargill Dry MD 01960 encapsulant, spices EmCap 06376; Encapsul® 855; Nadex® 772 encapsulant, spices: dry beverage mixes Hi-Cap™ 200 encapsulant, spices in bakery dry mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, spices in bar mixes Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, spices in breakfast drinks Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, spices in coffees Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, spices in creamers Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, spices in creams Capsul® encapsulant, spices in dry beverage mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, spices in teas Hi-Cap™ 100 2278

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference encapsulant, spray-dried cheese EmCap-Instant 12639 encapsulant, spray-dried citrus oils EmCap-Instant 12639 encapsulant, spray-dried clouds EmCap-Instant 12639 encapsulant, spray-dried encapsulated flavor oils Cargill Dry MD 01960 encapsulant, spray-dried essences EmCap-Instant 12639 encapsulant, spray-dried flavors: dry mixes Nadex® 772 encapsulant, spray-dried powders N-Creamer™ 46 encapsulant, spray-drying applics. Maldex 150; Maldex 180 encapsulant, vitamins Hi-Cap™ 200; N-Lok®; N-Lok® 1930 encapsulant, vitamins in bakery dry mixes Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, vitamins in bar mixes Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, vitamins in breakfast drinks Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, vitamins in coffees Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, vitamins in creamers Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, vitamins in dry beverage mixes Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, vitamins in teas Hi-Cap™ 100 encapsulant, whitening agents C*EmCap energy source Crossential® LN80 energy source, beverages BGL™ 355 energy source, clinical nutrition Captex® 200P energy source in animal feed Propylene glycol energy source, nutritional applics. Captex® 300 EP/NF energy source, nutritional foods BGL™ 355 energy source, nutritional supplements Captex® 200P energy source, parenteral nutrition D-(+)-Glucose monohydrate energy source, spray-drying applics. Maldex 150; Maldex 180 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enrichment agent, vegetable oils DL-Methionine; L-Methionine enzyme AMG 800 BG; Clarase® Conc.; Lipase AP12; Multifect AA 16L; Neutrase® 1.5 MG Proflex; Timeflex enzyme, bacteria: cellulose hydrolysis Cellulase enzyme, bacterial inhibition Lysozyme enzyme, baked goods Enzeco® Baking Enzyme 1000; Fresh-N®; Enzeco® Glucoamylase Powder AN; Enzeco® Pentosanase DV; Grindamyl™ Hyderase HC; Pentosanase; Xylanase enzyme, baking: crumb structure enhancement Nutrilife® enzyme, baking: dough rheology improvement Nutrilife® enzyme, baking: fermentation tolerance Nutrilife® enzyme, baking: mixing tolerance Nutrilife® enzyme, baking: strong flours Enzobake® enzyme, baking: volume improving Nutrilife® enzyme, bleaching Catalase enzyme, bleaching: bread Lipoxidase enzyme, bleaching: flour Lipoxidase enzyme, bread-making Diastase; Uni-Malt enzyme, brewing Enzeco® Glucoamylase Powder RO; Enzeco® Mash-Zyme enzyme, brewing: chill-haze inhibition Enzeco® Chillproof enzyme, brewing: fermentable sugars Co-adjuzyme® enzyme, brewing: light beer Brewers Mylase® enzyme, brewing: low-calorie beer Adjuzyme® enzyme, brewing: starch adjunct hydrolysis Cookerzyme® enzyme, brewing: wort fermentability Brewers Fermex® 2279

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference enzyme, buns Uni-Malt enzyme, carbohydrate hydrolysis Pancreatin 3X USP Powder; Pancreatin 4X USP Granular; Pancreatin 4X USP Powder; Pancreatin 5X USP Powder; Pancreatin 6X USP Powder Pancreatin 8X USP Powder; Pancreatin BP 98; Pancreatin USP 23; Pancrelipase USP Powder enzyme, carbohydrate hydrolysis: alcoholic beverages Carbohydrase-protease enzyme, carbohydrate hydrolysis: candy Carbohydrase-protease enzyme, carbohydrate hydrolysis: nutritive sweeteners Carbohydrase-protease enzyme, carbohydrate hydrolysis: starch syrups Carbohydrase-protease enzyme, catalysis: starch hydrolysis Kleistase E5S; Kleistase T10S enzyme, cheeses Enzeco® Fungal Lactase; Pancreatin 3X USP Powder; Pancreatin 4X USP Granular; Pancreatin 4X USP Powder; Pancreatin 5X USP Powder Pancreatin 6X USP Powder; Pancreatin 8X USP Powder; Pancreatin BP 98; Pancreatin USP 23; Pancrelipase USP Powder enzyme, chocolate flavors Malt extract enzyme, cleaning/deodorizing: food processing Microcat® ECL enzyme, cleaning/deodorizing: meatpacking Microcat® ECL enzyme cofactor vitamin Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium enzyme, complex carbohydrate breakdown: food Carbohydrase enzyme, cookie doughs Trem® enzyme, cracker doughs Trem® enzyme, cured meats Malt extract enzyme, dairy processing Lactase F Amano; Lipase AY Amano 30; Lipase G Amano 50; Lipase M Amano 10 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enzyme, dietary supplements Acid Protease DS; Amylase DS; Cellulase DS; Diastase; Diastase DS Lactase 14-DS; Lipase DS; Phytase; Protease A-DS; Protease DS Protease DS enzyme, dietary supplements: digestion aid Lipase DF-DS enzyme, digestive aid prods. Biodiastase 1000; Enzeco® Cellulase FG; Enzeco® Lysozyme Chloride; Pancreatin; Rennet enzyme, donuts Doh-Tone enzyme, dough Enzeco® Glucoamylase Powder AN enzyme, dough conditioning Grindamyl™ enzyme, egg whites Glucose oxidase enzyme, English muffins Uni-Malt enzyme, enzyme-modified cheeses Enzeco® Fungal Lactase enzyme, essential oil extraction Hemicellulase enzyme, ethyl carbamate inhibition: wine making Urease enzyme, fat hydrolysis Esterase-lipase; Pancreatin 3X USP Powder; Pancreatin 4X USP Granular; Pancreatin 4X USP Powder; Pancreatin 5X USP Powder Pancreatin 6X USP Powder; Pancreatin 8X USP Powder; Pancreatin BP 98; Pancreatin USP 23; Pancrelipase USP Powder SPL Pancreatin 4X USP; SPL Pancreatin 6X USP; SPL Pancreatin 8X USP; SPL Pancrelipase USP enzyme, fats/oils processing Lipase AY Amano 30; Lipase G Amano 50; Lipase M Amano 10; Newlase F enzyme, fermentation Mazu® DF 204 enzyme, fiber decomposition: vegetables Cellulase TR enzyme, flavor improvement: fish juice Protease P Amano 6 enzyme, flavor improvement: meat extracts Protease P Amano 6

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference enzyme, flavor modification: cheeses Enzeco® Fungal Protease Concentrate; Enzeco® Neutral Bacterial Protease 2X enzyme, flavor modification: meat Enzeco® Fungal Protease Concentrate; Enzeco® Neutral Bacterial Protease 2X enzyme, flavor modification: oils Enzeco® Fungal Protease Concentrate; Enzeco® Neutral Bacterial Protease 2X enzyme, flour treatment: bread Enzeco® Xylanase BSX enzyme, flour treatment: rolls Enzeco® Xylanase BSX enzyme, food Biodiastase 1000; Enzeco® Catalase; Enzeco® Fungal Alpha Amylase; Glucose oxidase; Hemicellulase Malt extract; Pancreatin 3X USP Powder; Pancreatin 4X USP Granular; Pancreatin 4X USP Powder; Pancreatin 5X USP Powder Pancreatin 6X USP Powder; Pancreatin 8X USP Powder; Pancreatin BP 98; Pancreatin USP 23; Pancrelipase USP Powder Rennet enzyme, food processing AMT 1.2L; Catalase NL Amano; Hyderase HC; Hyderase L; Protease M Amano enzyme, food processing: high maltose syrups Multifect AA 23L enzyme, food processing: malt diastatic supplementation Multifect AA 23L enzyme, fruit juice clarification Enzeco® Pectinase AJ enzyme, glucose removal Hyderase; Hyderase HC; Hyderase L enzyme, glucose-to-fructose: corn syrup Glucose isomerase enzyme, H2O2 decomposition Catalase NL Amano enzyme, hamburger buns Doh-Tone; Super-Zyme enzyme, hydrolysis: beer chillproofing Ficin enzyme, hydrolysis: cheese protein Protease A Amano 2 enzyme, hydrolysis: cheese whey protein Protease A Amano 2; Protease N Amano enzyme, hydrolysis: fats/oils: flavors Lipase A Amano 6

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enzyme, hydrolysis: fat to fatty acid Lipase enzyme, hydrolysis: fat to glycerol Lipase enzyme, hydrolysis: meat tenderizing Ficin enzyme, hydrolysis: peptide bonds Protex 50FP enzyme, hydrolysis: precooked cereals Ficin enzyme, juice processing Hesperidinase enzyme, lactose hydrolysis Lactase F Amano enzyme, lactose hydrolysis: dairy prods. β-Galactosidase enzyme, lactose hydrolysis: dietary supplements β-Galactosidase enzyme, L-glutamine to L-glutamic acid conversion Glutaminase enzyme, L-glutamine to L-glutamic acid conversion: mirin Glutaminase Daiwa C100S enzyme, L-glutamine to L-glutamic acid conversion: miso Glutaminase Daiwa C100S enzyme, L-glutamine to L-glutamic acid conversion: pickles Glutaminase Daiwa C100S enzyme, L-glutamine to L-glutamic acid conversion: savory food systems Glutaminase Daiwa C100S enzyme, L-glutamine to L-glutamic acid conversion: soy sauce Glutaminase Daiwa C100S enzyme, liquid egg yolk Glucose oxidase enzyme, liquid food clarification Hemicellulase enzyme, liquid whole egg Glucose oxidase enzyme, low/no lactose milk Enzeco® Fungal Lactase enzyme, malted food Diastase enzyme, maltose: food Pullulanase from Klebsiella pneumoniae enzyme, maltotriose rich syrups AMT 1.2L

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference enzyme, meat tenderizers Enzeco® Fungal Acid Protease; Pancreatin 3X USP Powder; Pancreatin 4X USP Granular; Pancreatin 4X USP Powder; Pancreatin 5X USP Powder Pancreatin 6X USP Powder; Pancreatin 8X USP Powder; Pancreatin BP 98; Pancreatin USP 23; Pancrelipase USP Powder enzyme, milk applics. Enzeco® Fungal Lactase; Enzeco® Lipase RO 20 enzyme, milk-clotting proteolytic Bromelain enzyme, milk protein modification Alcalase® enzyme, modified cheese Lipase AY Amano 30 enzyme, natural: beer filtration Glucanase enzyme, natural: food α-Amylase; β-Amylase; Dextranase; Esterase; Glucanase α-Glucosidase; β-Glucosidase; Invertase enzyme, natural: polypeptide hydrolysis, egg whites Pancreatin enzyme, natural: polypeptide hydrolysis, food Pancreatin enzyme, natural: polypeptide hydrolysis, instant cereals Pancreatin enzyme, natural: polypeptide hydrolysis, starches Pancreatin enzyme, natural: protein hydrolysis, egg whites Pancreatin enzyme, natural: protein hydrolysis, food Pancreatin enzyme, natural: protein hydrolysis, instant cereals Pancreatin enzyme, natural: protein hydrolysis, starches Pancreatin enzyme, nutritional supplements Enzopharm® enzyme, oxidizing Catalase enzyme, oxidizing: food preservation Catalase enzyme, oxygen removal Hyderase; Hyderase HC; Hyderase L Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enzyme, oxygen removal: mayonnaise Multifect GO 1500L enzyme, oxygen removal: salad dressings Multifect GO 1500L enzyme, pectin-to-galacturonic acid hydrolysis: beverages Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-galacturonic acid hydrolysis: cider Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-galacturonic acid hydrolysis: citrus fruit skins for jams Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-galacturonic acid hydrolysis: fruit juices Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-galacturonic acid hydrolysis: jellies Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-galacturonic acid hydrolysis: natural flavor/color extracts Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-galacturonic acid hydrolysis: soup vegetable stocks Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-galacturonic acid hydrolysis: wine Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-sugar hydrolysis: beverages Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-sugar hydrolysis: cider Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-sugar hydrolysis: citrus fruit skins for jams Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-sugar hydrolysis: fruit juices Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-sugar hydrolysis: jellies Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-sugar hydrolysis: natural flavor/color extracts Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-sugar hydrolysis: soup vegetable stocks Pectinase enzyme, pectin-to-sugar hydrolysis: wine Pectinase enzyme, plant extracts Hemicellulase enzyme, polypeptide hydrolysis: food Pepsin 2282

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference enzyme, poultry Malt extract enzyme, preventing curd: cheeses Lysozyme enzyme, protein crosslinking: baked goods Transglutaminase enzyme, protein crosslinking: block-surimi Activa™ TG-SF enzyme, protein crosslinking: cereals Transglutaminase enzyme, protein crosslinking: cheeses Transglutaminase enzyme, protein crosslinking: cream cheese Activa™ TG-SF enzyme, protein crosslinking: food Transglutaminase enzyme, protein crosslinking: frozen desserts Activa™ TG-SF; Transglutaminase enzyme, protein crosslinking: meat analogs Transglutaminase enzyme, protein crosslinking: meat processing Transglutaminase enzyme, protein crosslinking: meat substitutes/analogs Activa™ TG-SF enzyme, protein crosslinking: natural cheese Activa™ TG-SF enzyme, protein crosslinking: pasta prods. Transglutaminase enzyme, protein crosslinking: poultry Activa™ TG-RM enzyme, protein crosslinking: poultry processing Transglutaminase enzyme, protein crosslinking: processed cheeses Activa™ TG-SF enzyme, protein crosslinking: red meats Activa™ TG-RM enzyme, protein crosslinking: seafood processing Activa™ TG-RM; Activa™ TG-SF; Transglutaminase enzyme, protein crosslinking: texture improvement Activa™ TG-TI enzyme, protein crosslinking: yogurt Activa™ TG-SF; Transglutaminase enzyme, protein digestion Papain

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enzyme, protein hydrolysis HT-Proteolytic® Conc.; Pancreatin 3X USP Powder; Pancreatin 4X USP Granular; Pancreatin 4X USP Powder; Pancreatin 5X USP Powder Pancreatin 6X USP Powder; Pancreatin 8X USP Powder; Pancreatin BP 98; Pancreatin USP 23; Pancrelipase USP Powder Papain Concentrate; Pepsin 1:3000 Powder; Pepsin 1:6000; Pepsin 1:10,000 Powd. or Gran.; Pepsin 1:15,000 Powd. enzyme, protein hydrolysis: alcoholic beverages Carbohydrase-protease enzyme, protein hydrolysis: baking HT-Proteolytic® 200N enzyme, protein hydrolysis: brewing HT-Proteolytic® 200N enzyme, protein hydrolysis: candy HT-Proteolytic® 200N enzyme, protein hydrolysis: cracker/cookie gluten modification HT-Proteolytic® 200N enzyme, protein hydrolysis: fermentation HT-Proteolytic® 200N enzyme, protein hydrolysis: fish/soya processing HT-Proteolytic® 200N enzyme, protein hydrolysis: food Pepsin enzyme, protein hydrolysis: food processing Protease enzyme, protein hydrolysis: malt supplementation HT-Proteolytic® 200N enzyme, protein hydrolysis: protein hydrolysates Carbohydrase-protease enzyme, protein-to-proteoses SPL Pancreatin 4X USP; SPL Pancreatin 6X USP; SPL Pancreatin 8X USP; SPL Pancrelipase USP enzyme, proteolytic: food Trypsin enzyme, residual hydrogen peroxide decomposition: cheeses Catalase enzyme, residual hydrogen peroxide removal Multifect CA 1000L enzyme, rolls Uni-Malt

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference enzyme, seafood tenderizing Enzeco® Dual Protease enzyme, shell removal: clam processing Cellulase enzyme, soft drinks Glucose oxidase enzyme source, food supplements Yeast enzyme, sour dough prods. Enzeco® Baking Enzyme 1000 enzyme, starches AMT 1.2L enzyme, starches-to-dextrose: food processing Amyloglucosidase enzyme, starch-glucose: brewing Amylase enzyme, starch-glucose: corn syrup Amylase enzyme, starch-glucose: syrups Amylase enzyme, starch-to-dextrins SPL Pancreatin 4X USP; SPL Pancreatin 6X USP; SPL Pancreatin 8X USP; SPL Pancrelipase USP enzyme, starch-to-fermentable sugars: juices Mycolase™ enzyme, starch-to-glucose: baking Amylase enzyme, starch-to-glucose: distilling Amylase enzyme, starch-to-sugar Diastase enzyme, starch-to-sugars SPL Pancreatin 4X USP; SPL Pancreatin 6X USP; SPL Pancreatin 8X USP; SPL Pancrelipase USP enzyme, sugar beets: sugar prod. α-Galactosidase enzyme, sugar refining Dextranase L Amano enzyme, sweet rolls Doh-Tone; Super-Zyme enzyme, tablet applics. Enzeco® Fungal Lactase enzyme, triglyceride hydrolysis: cheese flavor modification Enzeco® Esterase/Lipase enzyme, triglyceride hydrolysis: meat flavor modification Enzeco® Esterase/Lipase

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

enzyme, triglyceride hydrolysis: oil flavor modification Enzeco® Esterase/Lipase enzyme, vanilla flavors Malt extract enzyme, variety breads Doh-Tone enzyme, visceral mass removal: shrimp processing Cellulase enzyme, white bread Doh-Tone; Super-Zyme enzyme, wine mfg. Enzeco® Pectinase AJ enzyme, yeast-raised baked goods Hyderase enzyme, yeast-raised bakery prods. Trem® enzyme, yeast-raised donuts Super-Zyme erating agent, food Nitrogen essence, fruits Isoamyl isovalerate; Isobutyl propionate; Methyl butyrate esterification agent, modified food starch Acetic anhydride; Aluminum sulfate; Vinyl acetate etherification agent, modified food starch Acrolein; 1-Octenylsuccinic anhydride expanding agent, baked snacks X-Pand'R® expanding agent, fried snacks X-Pand'R® extender, bakery prods. Coyote Brand Konjac A; Maltrin® M100; Xanthan gum extender, beef Whey, dry extender, beef patties Wheatex™ extender, beverages Xanthan gum extender, bologna Wheatex™ extender, cake mixes Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex; Micro-White® 50 Codex; MicroWhite® 100 Codex

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference extender, cereals Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex; Micro-White® 50 Codex; MicroWhite® 100 Codex extender, chewing gum Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex; Micro-White® 50 Codex; MicroWhite® 100 Codex extender, chicken nuggets Wheatex™ extender, chicken patties Wheatex™ extender, chicken salad Wheatex™ extender, chili Xanthan gum extender, chili con carne Whey, dry extender, clinical nutrition Captex® 350 extender, coconut: candy Redi-Tex® extender, colors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate extender, confectionery Dextrin; Maltrin® M100; Methoxyethanol extender, crackers Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex; Micro-White® 50 Codex; MicroWhite® 100 Codex extender, desserts Xanthan gum extender, diet drinks Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extender, dough FP600 extender, dry mixes Maltrin® M100 extender, fat: baked goods Leciprime™ 1500 extender, fish patties Wheatex™ extender, flavor oils: food Isocetyl alcohol extender, flavors Ceraphyl® ICA extender, flavors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate extender, flour Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex; Micro-White® 50 Codex; MicroWhite® 100 Codex Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

extender, food Britol® 6NF; Britol® 7NF; Britol® 9NF; Britol® 20USP; Britol® 35USP Britol® 50USP; Carboxymethylcellulose sodium; Dextrin; Hectorite; Maltrin® M100 Methoxyethanol; Micro-White® 10 Codex; Micro-White® 25 Codex; Micro-White® 50 Codex; Micro-White® 100 Codex Rennet; Rudol®; Sodium caseinate; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Whey, dry Xanthan gum extender, fragrance oils: food Isocetyl alcohol extender, frozen desserts Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K extender, frozen foods Maltrin® M100 extender, frozen spaghetti Soybean (Glycine soja) protein extender, gravies Xanthan gum extender, ground beef Wheatex™ extender, gum Methoxyethanol extender, gum Arabic Cargill Set 06530 extender, ice cream Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K extender, infant formulas Captex® 350 extender, jams Xanthan gum extender, jerky Wheatex™ extender, juices Redi-Tex® extender, meat Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Solka-Floc® JF 600/20; Solka-Floc® JF BH40 FCC Solka-Floc® JF BH200 FCC; Solka-Floc® JF HS40 FCC extender, meatballs Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Wheatex™ extender, meat loaf Wheatex™ extender, meat patties Methylcellulose extender, meat: vegetarian prods. Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein

2285

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference extender, milk prods. Xanthan gum extender, nondairy prods. Maltrin® M100 extender, nutritional applics. Caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride; Caprylic/capric/linoleic triglyceride; Caprylic/capric/oleic triglyceride; Captex® 810D; Captex® 8227 Triundecanoin extender, nutritional/sports supplements Captex® 350 extender, partial: potato flakes Novation® 1600 extender, pasta Dextrin; Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K extender, pet foods Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K extender, pizza doughs Dextrin extender, pizza toppings Wheatex™ extender, poultry Methoxyethanol; NP-3; NP-4; NP-5; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Whey, dry; Xanthan gum extender, processed meats NP-3; NP-4; NP-5 extender, rennet Trypsin extender, salad dressings Xanthan gum extender, sauces Redi-Tex®; Xanthan gum extender, sausages Sodium caseinate; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Wheatex™; Whey, dry extender, seafood NP-3; NP-4; NP-5 extender, snack foods Dextrin; Maltrin® M100; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein extender, soups Redi-Tex®; Sodium caseinate; Whey, dry extender, specialty butters: Shea Butter Captex® SBE extender, spices Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ extender, spray-dried foods Maltrin® M100 extender, stews Redi-Tex®; Whey, dry; Xanthan gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

extender, surimi Wheatex™ extender, tableted food supplements Methoxyethanol extender, tomato pastes Redi-Tex® extender, vegetable patties Methylcellulose extender, vitamins: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate extender, whipped toppings Soybean (Glycine soja) protein extender, yeast-raised bakery prods. Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K extractant, animal oils Methyl alcohol extractant, fermentation Coco-betaine; Lauryl betaine; Nissan Anon BL extractant, flavors Eastman® DEP extractant, fragrances Eastman® DEP extractant, vegetable oils Methyl alcohol extraction aid, fish protein 2-Butanol extrusion aid, breads Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 extrusion aid, cereals Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 extrusion aid, cheeses Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 extrusion aid, drink mixes Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 extrusion aid, dry pet foods Aqualon® 7H4XF extrusion aid, food Leciprime™ 1500; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 extrusion aid, frozen desserts Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K extrusion aid, ice cream Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K extrusion aid, pasta Atmos® 150; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K; Tabulose® 101 2286

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Tabulose® 102 extrusion aid, pastries Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 extrusion aid, pet foods Aldo® MS LG KFG; Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K extrusion aid, protein: whipped toppings Gelcarin® GP-379NF extrusion aid, semimoist pet foods Aqualon® 9H4XF extrusion aid, snack foods Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 extrusion aid, yeast-raised bakery prods. Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K extrusion tolerance aid, bakery prods. X-Pand'R® 612 extrusion tolerance aid, snack foods X-Pand'R® 612 fat absorption control agent, food Pregel 10 fat absorption reducer, bakery prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 fat absorption reducer, beverages Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 fat absorption reducer, dairy prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 fat absorption reducer, deep-frozen prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 fat absorption reducer, food Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 fat absorption reducer, fried prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 fat absorption reducer, frozen desserts Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 fat absorption reducer, ice cream Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 2287

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 fat absorption reducer, sauces Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 fat agglomeration control agent, ice cream Crillet 4 fat, bakery fillings Biscuitine™ 500 fat blooming retarder, food Imwitor® 161 fat, chocolate Cocoglycerides fat component, medical nutrition Miglyol® 812 N fat, confectionery Cocoglycerides fat, confectionery fillings Biscuitine™ 500 fat control agent, ground meat prods. Centrolex® R; Solec™ CX; Solec™ D; Solec™ P fat control agent, meat prods. Stamere® CKM FCC fat, emulsifier-containing: chewing sweets Toffix® P fat, emulsifier-containing: soft caramels Toffix® P fat, emulsifier-containing: toffees Toffix® P fat/emulsifier system, buttercream icings Betricing fat/emulsifier system, flat icings Betricing fat enhancer, food Tapioca dextrin fat enhancer, frozen desserts Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fat enhancer, imitation sour cream Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil® fat enhancer, low-fat foods Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil® fat enhancer, low-oil foods Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil® fat enhancer, margarine spreads Instant N-Oil®; N-Oil® fat enhancer, microwavable cheese sauces Instant N-Oil® II fat enhancer, pourable salad dressings Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil® fat enhancer, spoonable salad dressings Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil® fat enrichment Emulbesto 100 A; Emulbesto 100 E fat, fillers: coating Hydrogenated canola oil fat, fillers: food Hydrogenated canola oil fat, fillers: frying Hydrogenated canola oil fat, fillers: spray applics. Hydrogenated canola oil fat, filling: chocolate Hydrogenated peanut oil fat, filling: confectionery Hydrogenated peanut oil fat, hard: chocolate Hydrogenated palm kernel oil fat, hard: confectionery Hydrogenated palm kernel oil fat, hard: food Hydrogenated palm kernel oil fat, hydrogenated: cooking Menhaden oil fat, ice cream Cocoglycerides fat, icings Delios® C fat, lauric centers CLSP 555 fat, lauric centers: candy centers Paramount B; Paramount C; Paramount H fat, lauric centers: confectioner's coatings Paramount B; Paramount C; Paramount H fat, lauric centers: icings Paramount B; Paramount C; Paramount H fat, lauric center: vegetable dairy systems Paramount B; Paramount C; Paramount H fat malabsorption agent, dietary foods Delios® C 2288

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference fat mimetic, beverages N-Lite® CL fat mimetic, canned soups N-Lite® L fat mimetic, cold-process liquid foods National® 320 fat mimetic, flavor-sensitive dairy systems N-Lite® CL; N-Lite® D fat mimetic, food Beneo™ ST; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Fibruline® XL; Fibruline® Instant; Inulin fat mimetic, frozen desserts N-Lite® D fat mimetic, imitation cheeses N-Lite® D fat mimetic, instant salad dressings National® 320 fat mimetic, liquid food systems N-Lite® L fat mimetic, low-fat/nonfat prods. TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder fat mimetic, low-fat prods. N-Lite® D; N-Lite® L fat mimetic, low-fat puddings N-Lite® CL fat mimetic, mayonnaise TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder fat mimetic, microwavable cheese sauces N-Lite® L fat mimetic, no-fat prods N-Lite® D fat mimetic, no-fat prods. N-Lite® L fat mimetic, no-fat puddings N-Lite® CL fat mimetic, salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder fat mimetic, sauces National® 320; N-Lite® CL; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder fat mimetic, soft-serve frozen desserts N-Lite® CL fat mimetic, soups National® 320 fat mimetic, sour cream N-Lite® D fat mimetic, spoonable salad dressings N-Lite® L

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fat mimetic, yogurt N-Lite® CL; N-Lite® D fat, Muesli bars Biscuitine™ 500 fat/oil barrier, batter: deep-fat frying Aqualon® 9M8F fat/oil barrier, batters TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC PH-2500 Powd. fat/oil barrier, batters: deep frying Aqualon® 9M31XF fat/oil barrier, deep frying batters Aqualon® 9M31XF fat/oil replacement, fried foods Olestra fat/oil replacement, snack foods Olestra fat/oil substitute Maltrin® M040 fat/oil substitute, bakery prods. Benefat® fat/oil substitute, confectionery Benefat® fat/oil substitute, dairy prods. Benefat® fat/oil substitute, reduced-fat prods. Benefat® fat, powders Delios® C fat/protein replacement, deep fat fried prods. Walocel® HM 15 PA; Walocel® HM 50 PA; Walocel® HM 100 PA; Walocel® HM 400 PA; Walocel® HM 1500 PA Walocel® HM 4000 PA; Walocel® HM 15000 PA; Walocel® HM 100000 PA fat/protein replacement, extruded prods. Walocel® HM 15 PA; Walocel® HM 50 PA; Walocel® HM 100 PA; Walocel® HM 400 PA; Walocel® HM 1500 PA Walocel® HM 4000 PA; Walocel® HM 15000 PA; Walocel® HM 100000 PA fat/protein replacement, structured potato prods. Walocel® HM 15 PA; Walocel® HM 50 PA; Walocel® HM 100 PA; Walocel® HM 400 PA; Walocel® HM 1500 PA Walocel® HM 4000 PA; Walocel® HM 15000 PA; Walocel® HM 100000 PA fat reducer JustFiber® BF200 FCC; JustFiber® BF200; JustFiber® BFC 40; JustFiber® BVF 65 FCC; JustFiber® BVF 200 FCC 2289

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference JustFiber® C10CL; JustFiber® C100FCC fat reducer, bakery cake mixes Dur-Lo® fat reducer, cookies Dur-Lo® fat reducer, dairy prods. Maxi-Gel® 617; Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151 fat reducer, dressings Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151 fat reducer, frozen desserts Polyaldo® TGMS KFG fat reducer, gravies Citri-Fi® 100 FG; Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151 fat reducer, mayonnaise Citri-Fi® 100 FG fat reducer, sauces Citri-Fi® 100 FG; Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151 fat reducer, soups Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151 fat reducer, sour dressings Dur-Lo® fat reducer, vegetable dairy prods. Dur-Lo® fat rendering aid Sodium phosphate tribasic; Tannic acid fat rendering aid, food Calcium phosphate tribasic fat replacer Avicel® RC-501; Avicel® RC-591F; Celish®; Egg White Solids Type P-39; Fibrex® Marine Colloids™ Carrageenan fat replacer, baked goods Fruitrim®; Hydrolyzed oat flour; Rice*Complete® 3; Rice*Complete® 35; StarchPlus™ SPR Sta-Slim™ 142; Sta-Slim™ 143; Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151 fat replacer, bakery cake mixes Dur-Lo® fat replacer, bakery fillings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel fat replacer, bakery prods. CarraLite™; Paselli™ SA 2 fat replacer, breads Citri-Fi® 100 fat replacer, buns Citri-Fi® 100 fat replacer, burrito fillings Citri-Fi® 200 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fat replacer, buttermilk dry mix dressings Lactarin® MV-406; Lactarin® PS-185X fat replacer, cakes Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200 fat replacer, candy Rice (Oryza sativa) starch fat replacer, cheeses Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel fat replacer, cheese curls Olean® fat replacer, cheese sauces Lactarin® MV-306; Viscarin® GP-209NF fat replacer, chips Citri-Fi® 100 fat replacer, chocolate Rice (Oryza sativa) starch fat replacer, cold-process liquid food systems N-Lite® LP fat replacer, confectionery CarraLite™; Hydrolyzed oat flour fat replacer, confectionery coatings Maltrin® M040 fat replacer, cookies Citri-Fi® 100; Dur-Lo® fat replacer, corn dogs Citri-Fi® 200 fat replacer, dairy prods. CarraLite™; Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Rice (Oryza sativa) starch fat replacer, dessert mixes CarraLite™ fat replacer, desserts Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648 fat replacer, dietary/nutritional beverages CarraLite™ fat replacer, dips Rice*Complete® 3 fat replacer, dressings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Fruitrim®; Rice*Complete® 3 Sta-Slim™ 142; Sta-Slim™ 143; Sta-Slim™ 150 fat replacer, drink mixes Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681

2290

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference fat replacer, dry mix soups N-Lite® LP fat replacer, fluid milk SeaKem® CM-611 fat replacer, food Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581; CNP Fat Replacer; Coyote Stabilizer CKLX-MS; Fibruline® XL Konjac flour; Microcrystalline cellulose; Rice maltodextrin; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601 Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Whey protein fat replacer, fried chicken dogs Citri-Fi® 200 fat replacer, frostings Fruitrim®; Rice*Complete® 3; Rice*Complete® 35 fat replacer, frozen desserts Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Polyaldo® TGMS; StarchPlus™ SPW-LP; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601 Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 fat replacer, frozen shakes Lactarin® MV-308 fat replacer, frozen yogurt SeaKem® IC-611; SeaKem® IC-912 fat replacer, granola coatings Rice maltodextrin fat replacer, gravies Gelcarin® GP-379NF; Rice*Complete® 3 fat replacer, hard-pack frozen desserts SeaKem® IC-611; SeaKem® IC-912 fat replacer, high-fat food Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids fat replacer, hydrogenated: confectionery NEOBEE® 1095 fat replacer, hydrogenated: icings NEOBEE® 1095 fat replacer, hydrogenated: margarine NEOBEE® 1095

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fat replacer, ice cream Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Fruitrim®; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611 Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601 Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 fat replacer, imitation cream cheese Sta-Slim™ 143 fat replacer, instant salad dressings N-Lite® LP fat replacer, Italian meatballs Citri-Fi® 200 fat replacer, Italian sausages Citri-Fi® 100 fat replacer, juices Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F fat replacer, low-fat foods Hydrolyzed oat flour; Paselli™ SA 2; StaSlim™ 142; Sta-Slim™ 143; Sta-Slim™ 150 Sta-Slim™ 151 fat replacer, low-fat/nonfat prods. N-Lite® LP; OptaGrade®; OptaMist® fat replacer, low-fat/nonfat salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S-96 No Fat Powder fat replacer, low-fat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 fat replacer, margarine Maltrin® M040 fat replacer, mayonnaise Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel fat replacer, meat Hydrolyzed oat flour fat replacer, meat analogs Coyote Stabilizer VPB-1 fat replacer, meat processing Rice (Oryza sativa) starch fat replacer, meat prods. CarraFat™; Fat Replacer 785; Sta-Slim™ 143 2291

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference fat replacer, microwave cheese sauces N-Lite® LP fat replacer, microwave popcorn Olean® fat replacer, nonfat pasteurized processed cheeses Gelcarin® GP-911NF; SeaKem® GP-418 fat replacer, nonfat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 fat replacer, nut coatings Rice maltodextrin fat replacer, nutritional bars Citri-Fi® 100 fat replacer, nutritional beverages Rice*Complete® 35 fat replacer, partial: emulsified meats TIC Pretested® Colloid 881 M Powder fat replacer, partial: minced meats TIC Pretested® Colloid 881 M Powder fat replacer, pastries Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200 fat replacer, pet foods Coyote Stabilizer CKLX-MS fat replacer, pies Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200 fat replacer, pizza crusts Citri-Fi® 100 fat replacer, pork sausages Viscarin® XP-3160 fat replacer, potato chips Olean® fat replacer, poultry prods. CarraFat™ fat replacer, puddings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel fat replacer, rolls Citri-Fi® 100 fat replacer, salad dressings Hydrolyzed oat flour; Sta-Slim™ 151; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611 Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601 Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fat replacer, sauces Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel fat replacer, sauce/salad fillings Citri-Fi® 200 fat replacer, sausages Citri-Fi® 200 fat replacer, snack foods Olean® fat replacer, soft-serve frozen desserts SeaKem® IC-611 fat replacer, soups Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Rice*Complete® 3; Sta-Slim™ 143 fat replacer, sour cream Gelcarin® GP-359 fat replacer, sour dressings Dur-Lo® fat replacer, spoonable mayonnaise Viscarin® SD-389 fat replacer, sports beverages Rice maltodextrin fat replacer, sprayed crackers Olean® fat replacer, spreads Crystal Tex™ 648 fat replacer, sucrose pudding systems StarchPlus™ SPR fat replacer, tablets Microcrystalline cellulose fat replacer, tortilla chips Olean® fat replacer, tortillas Citri-Fi® 100 fat replacer, vegetable dairy prods. Dur-Lo® fat replacer, whipped toppings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel fat replacer, yogurt Fruitrim® fat separation preventive, boiled/cooked sausages Cegemett® MZ 490 fat separation retarder Crillet 3 fat separation retarder, pet foods Aldo® MS LG KFG fat, shortening Biscuitine™ 500 fat, single-stage household cake mixes Cake Mix 96 fat, soft: cooling fillings Coconut oil triglycerides 2292

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference fat source, adult/infant nutritional applics. Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577; Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579 fat source, dietetic prods. Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3580 MCT Oil; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577; Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579 fat source, nutritional prods. DREWPOL 3-5-CC; NEOBEE® 895; NEOBEE® 1053; NEOBEE® M-5 fat-splitting enzyme, food SPL Lipase 30; SPL Lipase-CE fat-splitting enzyme: yolk lipid removal from egg albumen Lipase 8; Lipase 16; Lipase 24; Lipase 30 fat substitute Nutriose® FB06 fat, toffees Biscuitine™ 500 feedstock, fermentation: food Clearsweet® Unrefined 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup fermentable sugar source, cider Meritose 100; Meritose 200; Meritose 220; Meritose 300 fermentable sugar source, fruit wines Meritose 100; Meritose 200; Meritose 220; Meritose 300 fermentation aid Magnesium sulfate anhydrous fermentation aid, alcoholic beverages Urea fermentation aid, baked goods Ammonium sulfate fermentation aid, bakery prods. Mineral oil; N'Hance (Phase I) Powd. fermentation aid, beet sugar Mineral oil fermentation aid, cocoa Tristearin fermentation aid, confectionery Mineral oil; Tristearin fermentation aid, fats/oils Tristearin fermentation aid, food Ammonium sulfate; Magnesium sulfate anhydrous; Mineral oil; Tristearin fermentation aid, frozen meats Mineral oil fermentation aid, fruits Mineral oil

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fermentation aid, gelatin Ammonium sulfate fermentation aid, gelatin prods. Urea fermentation aid, grains Mineral oil fermentation aid, imitation chocolate Tristearin fermentation aid, pickles Mineral oil fermentation aid, potatoes Mineral oil fermentation aid, puddings Ammonium sulfate fermentation aid, sorbic acid Mineral oil fermentation aid, vegetables Mineral oil fermentation aid, yeast-raised baked goods Carbrea® Tabs fermentation aid, yeast-raised bakery prods. Urea fermentation booster, rye bread Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 fermentation control agent Choline phosphate fermentation control agent, beer brewing Potassium metabisulfite fermentation control agent, wine making Potassium metabisulfite fermentation tolerance improver, food Prefera® SSL fermentation tolerance improver, yeast-raised baked goods Prefera® SSL fiber, baked goods CrystaLean® fiber, cereals CrystaLean® fiber, diabetic food CrystaLean® fiber, extruded snacks CrystaLean® fiber, natural: food Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran fiber, natural: supplements Wheat (Triticum vulgare) bran fiber, nutritional food CrystaLean® 2293

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference fiber source, bakery prods. Bar ENRICH™ 040; FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW fiber source, batter prods. FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW fiber source, beverages Insta*Thick® Guar Gum fiber source, breakfast bars Bar ENRICH™ 040 fiber source, breakfast cereals FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW fiber source, cereals Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Corn Bran fiber source, confectionery Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic fiber source, cream fillings Insta*Thick® Guar Gum fiber source, dairy/fruit dips Insta*Thick® Guar Gum fiber source, food Meyprodor® fiber source, frozen dairy desserts Insta*Thick® Guar Gum fiber source, gravies Insta*Thick® Guar Gum fiber source, high fiber mixes Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic fiber source, liquid beverages Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic fiber source, low-calorie formulations Alpha Cellulose, Powdered BH 200 fiber source, nutritional bars Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Corn Bran fiber source, nutritional beverages Insta*Thick® Guar Gum fiber source, nutritional food prods. FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW fiber source, pasta FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW fiber source, powdered drinks Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Corn Bran fiber source, relishes Insta*Thick® Guar Gum fiber source, salad dressings Insta*Thick® Guar Gum fiber source, salsas Insta*Thick® Guar Gum fiber source, sauces Insta*Thick® Guar Gum fiber source, snack foods Bar ENRICH™ 040; FiberRite™ RW; Fibersym® RW Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fiber supplement, breads Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 fiber supplement, cereals Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 fiber supplement, cheeses Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 fiber supplement, drink mixes Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 fiber supplement, food Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 fiber supplement, frozen desserts Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-681 fiber supplement, ice cream Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-681 fiber supplement, juices Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 fiber supplement, low-fat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612

2294

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-681 fiber supplement, nonfat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-681 fiber supplement, pasta Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 fiber supplement, pastries Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 fiber supplement, salad dressings Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-681 fiber supplement, snack foods Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 filler Defatted Wheat Germ #9; Diatomaceous earth, amorphous filler, bakery prods. Maltrin® M100 filler, bakery mixes Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch filler, baking powder Corn (Zea mays) starch; Starch filler, batter mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 filler, beer Standard Super-Cel filler, breading Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch filler, breading mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 filler, breads Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

filler, cake mixes Maltrin® M150 filler, cakes Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch filler, capsules Vee Gee 100 B filler, cereals Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 filler, cheeses Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 filler, chewing gum Imperial 400 filler, confectionery Maltrin® M100; Maltrin® M150 filler, cookie fillings Maltrin® M520 filler, cookie mixes Maltrin® M150 filler, cream fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 filler, custard fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 filler, dehydrated foods Maltrin® M150 filler, dietetic prods. Avebe SPG 30 filler, donuts Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch filler, drink mixes Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102; Tabulose® SC-580 Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681 Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 filler, dry blends Maltrin® M520 filler, dry mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Maltrin® M100 filler, dry vitamin preps. Aqualon® N-7; Aqualon® N-10; Aqualon® N-14; Aqualon® N-22; Aqualon® N-50 Aqualon® N-100; Ethocel™ Standard 4 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium 2295

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium filler, flavored syrups Maltrin® M150 filler, food Aerosil® 380; Altalc 400 USP; Atomite®; Calcium sulfate dihydrate; CC™-103 DiaFil® 525; DiaFil® 530; DiaFil® 570; DiaFil® 590; Ethocel™ Standard 7 FP Premium Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium; Ethylcellulose; Lipomic 601; Maltrin® M100; Maltrin® M150 Mica; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; MicroWhite® 10 Slurry; Snow White® F&P Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC611 Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; USG Terra Alba F&P; Viscocel® SC-580F Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch filler, frostings Maltrin® M520 filler, frozen desserts Maltrin® M150; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 filler, frozen foods Maltrin® M100 filler, glazes Maltrin® M150 filler, gravies Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 filler, health foods Avebe SPG 30 filler, ice cream Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 filler, icings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Maltrin® M520 filler, infant foods Avebe SPG 30 filler, juices Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F filler, low-fat foods Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 filler, low-moisture food systems Maltrin® M520 filler, meat Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 filler, meat prods. Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #9; Meatbind®-3000; SQ®-48; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Flour Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ filler, muffins Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch filler, nondairy prods. Maltrin® M100 filler, nonfat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 filler, pasta Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 filler, pastries Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 filler, pelletized foods Edigel® 100 Powder Wheat Starch 2296

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference filler pigment, food Micro-White® 25 Slurry filler, poultry Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 filler, powdered sugar Maltrin® M520 filler, salad dressings Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 filler, sauces Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #9 filler, sausage extrusion Edigel® 100 Powder Wheat Starch filler, snack foods Maltrin® M100; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 filler, soups Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Edigel® 201 Powder Wheat Starch filler, spices Maltrin® M520 filler, spray-dried foods Maltrin® M100 filling aid, canned gravies EZ Fill 06370 filling aid, canned pasta sauces EZ Fill 06370 filling aid, canned pet foods EZ Fill 06370; EZ Fill 06750 filling aid, canned sauces EZ Fill 06370 filling aid, canned soups EZ Fill 06370; EZ Fill 06750 filling aid, canned stews EZ Fill 06750 filling aid, shelf-stable items EZ Fill 06370 filling aid, shelf-stable retorted items EZ Fill 06750 filling, chocolate Raisin juice concentrate filling fat, chocolate prods. Witarix® 440 filling fat, confectionery Witarix® 440 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

filling fat, fillings Witarix® 440 filling fat, food fillings Imwitor® 361 filling, hard candies Raisin juice concentrate film, edible: baked goods TIC Pretested® Colloid Vegi-Film Powder film, edible: food TIC Pretested® Colloid Vegi-Film Powder film-former ADM Clintose CR 24; Midsol™ Krisp; MiraCap® film-former, adhesion systems Kelcogel® F film-former, alcohol stable drinks TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. film-former, anchovy Manugel® DMB film-former, Asian noodles PenCling® 205 film-former, aspics Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Manugel® DMB film-former, baked goods Methylcellulose film-former, bakery filling creams Manucol® DMF film-former, bakery fillings Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Kelcogel®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF Manucol® DM; Manucol® JKT; Manucol® LB; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB Manugel® PTJ; Tapioca dextrin film-former, bakery glazes/icings TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 795 Powder film-former, bakery jellies Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ film-former, bakery prods. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic FCC/NF Powder film-former, bakery/snack glazes Crystal Tex™ 627; Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648 film-former, bars TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Fiberplus Powder film-former, batter coatings Hylon® V; Hylon® VII 2297

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference film-former, battered foods Crispcoat™ UC; National® 0280; National® 814 film former, batter mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 film-former, batters Kelcogel® F; Midsol™ Adhere; PenCling® 205 film-former, batters: meat/poultry/seafood Batter Bind® S film-former, beverage dry mixes Encapsul® 855; National® 46; N-Lok® film-former, beverage mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 film-former, beverages Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Kelcogel® LT100; Maltrin® M050; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. film-former, bologna Hydrolyzed milk protein film-former, bread dry mixes Arise 5000™ film-former, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelcogel® F; Midsol™ Adhere film-former, breading mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 film-former, cake dry mixes Arise 5000™; Encapsul® 855; N-Lok® film-former, cake mixes Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 film-former, cakes National® 46; Tapioca dextrin; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder film-former, candy K4484; K4484; Tapioca dextrin film-former, canned pet foods Manugel® DMB; Methocel® K100LV Premium film-former, caramels Atlas® 1500; Purity® TF film-former, carbonated beverages TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder film-former, cheeses Kelcogel® LT100; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder film-former, chewing gum Flojel® 60; Flojel® 65; Flojel® G film-former, chiffons KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

film-former, chilled desserts Manucol® DM film-former, clear coat batters: meat PenCrisp® 905 film-former, clear coat batters: meat analogs PenCrisp® 905 film-former, clear coat batters: poultry PenCrisp® 905 film-former, clear coat batters: vegetables PenCrisp® 905 film-former, clouds: bakery dry mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, clouds: bar mixes Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, clouds: breakfast drinks Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, clouds: coffee Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, clouds: creamers Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, clouds: creams Capsul® film-former, clouds: dry beverage mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, clouds: teas Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, coating batters Manugel® DMB film former, coatings BatterCrisp™ 90240 film-former, confectionery Cargill Set 06530; Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Flojel® 60; Flojel® 65 Flojel® G; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A2 NF Premium; Hi-Set® 322; Hi-Set® 377 Hylon® V; Hylon® VII; K4484; Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® LT100 Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Premium Granular Gum Arabic Premium Powdered Gum Arabic; Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic; Purity® Gum 40; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A230 NF Extra Superset® LV; Tapioca dextrin; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic White 3871 Powd.; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd.; Ultra-Set® LT

2298

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference film-former, confectionery coatings TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 795 Powder film-former, confection pan coatings Crystal Gum™; Purity® Gum 59 film-former, cooked creams Purity® TF film-former, cookie dry mixes N-Lok® film-former, cookie mixes Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 film-former, cookies National® 46 film-former, crackers PenCling® 580 film-former, cream fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 film-former, custard fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Purity® TF film-former, dairy desserts Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648 film-former, dairy prods. Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Kelcogel® LT; Kelcogel® LT100; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder film-former, dehydrated foods Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 film-former, dessert gels Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® LT; Kelcogel® LT100; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB film-former, desserts Hydrolyzed gelatin; Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium film-former, dietetic prods. Methocel® K15M Premium film-former, dips Kelcogel® LT100 film-former, donuts Tapioca dextrin; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder film-former, dressings Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelcogel® LT; Kelcogel® LT100 TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder film former, dry mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 film-former, dry mixes Encapsul® 855; Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic FCC/NF Powder film-former, dry roasted peanuts Redisol® 78D film-former, egg prods. Manucol® JKT film-former, encapsulation Maltrin® M040 film-former, extruded foods Crisp Film® film-former, extruded seafood prods. Methocel® K4M Premium film-former, extruded snack foods Hylon® V; Hylon® VII film-former, farinaceous foods Kelcogel® F film-former, flavored syrups Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 film-former, flavors Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. film-former, flavors: bakery dry mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, flavors: bar mixes Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, flavors: breakfast drinks Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, flavors: coffee Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, flavors: creamers Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, flavors: creams Capsul® film-former, flavors: dry beverage mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, flavors: teas Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, food Acetylated hydrogenated lard glyceride; ADM Clintose® CR 10; ADM Clintose® CR 15; ADM Clintose® CR 18; Benecel® Methylcellulose Calcium lactate; Carboxymethylmethylcellulose; Cekol® 30; Cekol 150; Cekol® 300 2299

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Cekol® 500 T; Cekol® 700; Cekol® 2000; Cekol® 2000S; Cekol® 4000 Cekol® 10000; Cekol® 10000 I; Cekol® 30000; Cekol® 50000; Cekol® 100000 Gellan gum; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A2 NF Premium; Hydrolyzed casein; Hydrolyzed milk protein Hydroxypropylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Hylon® V; Hylon® VII; Kelcogel® Kelcogel® F; Kelcogel® LT; Kelcogel® LT100; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF Klucel® 'F' Grades; Maltrin® M050; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180; Manucol® JKT Manucol® LB; Manugel® C; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GHB Manugel® JKB; Manugel® L98; Manugel® PTJ; Methocel® 310 Series; Methocel® E4M Premium EP Methocel® E6 Premium; Methocel® E15LV; Methocel® E15LV Premium; Methocel® J5MS; Methocel® K3 Premium Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100M Premium; Methylcellulose Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B200 NF Premium; Purity® 21D; Sammi Gelatine; Scogin™ HV Scogin™ LV; Scogin™ MV; Sol-U-Tein EA; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A230 NF Extra Tara gum; TIC Pretested® Colloid 488T Powd.; TIC Pretested® Colloid 602 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid Sticktic; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder; Vee Gee Beef Hide Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Bone Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Calf Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Fish Hydrolysate Gelatin Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins; Vee Gee Porkskin Hydrolysate Gelatin; Walocel® HM 100000 PPA 2208 film-former, French fries Crispcoat™ UC; Hi-Set® C; National® 0280; National® 814

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

film-former, fried foods Crispcoat™ UC; Kelcogel® LT100; National® 0280; National® 814 film-former, fried snack foods Hylon® V; Hylon® VII film-former, frostings Kelcogel® film-former, frozen bread dough Arise 5000™ film-former, frozen desserts Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 film-former, frozen dough Arise 5000™ film-former, frozen foods TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder film-former, fruit bars Hi-Set® 377 film-former, fruit coatings Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin film-former, fruit drinks TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder film-former, fruit fillings Manugel® L98 film-former, fruit pie fillings Methylcellulose film-former, fruits K4484 film-former, fruit snacks Hi-Set® 377 film-former, fruits/nuts Tapioca dextrin film-former, functional foods TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Fiberplus Powder; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. film-former, glazes Hydroxypropylcellulose; K4484; Kelcogel®; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M180 Manugel® DMB; Manugel® L98; Midsol™ 75; Purity® Gum 40 film-former, granola bars TIC Pretested® Colloid Sticktic film-former, gravies Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Methocel® K15M Premium; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder film-former, gravy mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Maltrin® M050

2300

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference film-former, gum candy Hi-Set® 377 film-former, gum drops Hi-Set® 322; Superset® LV; Ultra-Set® LT film-former, gums Cargill Set 06530 film-former, health foods Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins film-former, high carbohydrate drinks Cargill Dry MD 01956 film-former, high fiber soups TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Fiberplus Powder film-former, high-solids baked fillings Crystal Tex™ 627 film-former, high-solids centers Ultra-Set® LT film-former, high-solids fillings Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ film-former, hot chocolate TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. film-former, hot-melt strippable food coatings Acetylated hydrogenated vegetable glyceride; Acetylated lard glyceride film-former, ice cream Hydrolyzed gelatin; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Manucol® DM; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder film-former, ice cream cones Methocel® K4M Premium film-former, icing mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 film-former, icings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Kelcogel®; Methocel® K4M Premium; Midsol™ 75 Purity® TF film-former, instant drinks TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. film-former, instant mousses Manucol® JKT; Manugel® L98 film-former, instant puddings Manucol® JKT; Manugel® L98 film-former, instant soups TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder film-former, instant water jellies Manugel® DMB; Manugel® L98 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

film-former, jams/jellies Kelcogel® film-former, jellies Hydrolyzed gelatin film-former, jelly bean centers Flojel® 60; Hi-Set® 322; Superset® LV film-former, jelly gum candies Flojel® 60; Hi-Set® 322; Hylon® V; Hylon® VII; Superset® LV Ultra-Set® LT film-former, jubes Ultra-Set® LT film-former, low-fat foods Kelcogel® film-former, low-fat spreads Kelcogel® F film-former, marshmallow creams Kelcogel® LT100 film-former, marshmallows TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic White 3871 Powd. film-former, meal replacers TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic FCC/NF Powder film-former, meal supplements Hydrolyzed gelatin film-former, meat Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Manugel® DMB film-former, meat/vegetable batters Midsol™ 35 film-former, meat/vegetable breadings Midsol™ 35 film-former, milk-based beverages TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder film-former, mint leaves Flojel® 60 film-former, mousses Methocel® K100LV Premium film-former, non-fruit fillings Kelcogel® LT100 film-former, nutritional bars TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder film-former, nutritional prods. HCA-411; HLA-198; Hydrolyzed casein; Hydrolyzed milk protein; Hydrolyzed whey protein film-former, nuts K4484 film-former, oils Hydroxypropylcellulose

2301

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference film-former, orange slices Flojel® 60; Ultra-Set® LT film-former, organic food TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. film-former, pan coatings K4484; Maltrin® M050 film-former, panned confectionery Crystal Tex™ 627 film-former, panned confectionery Ultra-Set® LT film-former, par-baked dough Arise 5000™ film-former, par-baked pizza crusts Arise 5000™ film-former, pastry glazes K4484; Tapioca dextrin film-former, pet foods Flojel® 60; Gellan gum; Kelcogel®; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB Methocel® K15M Premium; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder film-former, pie fillings KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF film-former, pocket sandwiches Arise 5000™ film-former, potato prods. Manucol® DMF; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB film-former, poultry Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 film-former, predusts PenCling® 205 film-former, pudding dry mixes Encapsul® 855 film-former, puddings Kelcogel® LT100; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Purity® TF film-former, reduced-fat emulsified meats PenCling® 580 film-former, reduced-fat foods Cargill Dry MD 01956 film-former, reduced-fat spreads Kelcogel® LT film-former, refrigerated dough Arise 5000™ film-former, salad dressings Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

film-former, salami Hydrolyzed milk protein film-former, sauce mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose film former, sauces Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 film-former, sauces Crystal Tex™ 644; Hydrolyzed milk protein; Kelcogel® F; Kelcogel® LT; KELTONE® HV KELTONE® LVNF; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder film-former, sesame seeds TIC Pretested® Colloid Sticktic film-former, softer reversible gels Manucol® DM; Manucol® DMF; Manucol® LB film-former, soft-shell gelatin capsules Polyacrylamide film-former, soup mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Maltrin® M050 film-former, soups Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Crystal Tex™ 644; Methocel® K4M Premium film-former, spice blends Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 film-former, spice dry mixes N-Lok® film-former, spice mixes National® 46 film-former, spices TIC Pretested® Colloid Sticktic film-former, spices in bakery dry mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, spices in bar mixes Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, spices in breakfast drinks Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, spices in coffee Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, spices in creamers Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, spices in creams Capsul® film-former, spices in dry beverage mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, spices in teas Hi-Cap™ 100

2302

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference film-former, spray-dried encapsulated flavor oils Cargill Dry MD 01960 film-former, spray-dried flavors: dry mixes Nadex® 772 film-former, spray drying National® 46 film-former, spray-drying Maltrin® M040; N-Lok® film-former, spreads Crystal Tex™ 648 film-former, strong gel foods Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB film-former, structured fish prods. Manucol® DMF; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GHB film-former, structured foods Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F film-former, structured glacé fruits Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ film-former, structured meat prods. Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB film-former, structured meats Methocel® K4M Premium film-former, structured poultry Methocel® K4M Premium film-former, stuffing Hydrolyzed milk protein film-former, sugar-coated confectionery Mastercote FP 9072 film-former, surface: cakes Polycon® S60 K film-former, surface: coffee whiteners Polycon® S60 K film-former, surface: confectionery Polycon® S60 K film-former, surface: food Polycon® S60 K film-former, surface: icings Polycon® S60 K film-former, surface: whipped toppings Polycon® S60 K film-former, tomato prods. Manugel® DMB film-former, Turkish paste confectionery Purity® TF film-former, vegetables Manugel® DMB film-former, vitamins in bakery dry mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

film-former, vitamins in bar mixes Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, vitamins in breakfast drinks Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, vitamins in coffees Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, vitamins in creamers Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, vitamins in creams Capsul® film-former, vitamins in dry beverage mixes Capsul®; Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, vitamins in teas Hi-Cap™ 100 film-former, vitamin tablets Hydroxypropylcellulose film-former, wafers PenCling® 580 film-former, whipped toppings Hydroxypropylcellulose; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium film, protective: food Acetylated hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride filter aid, baking powder Calcium silicate filter aid, beer processing Crospovidone; Hyflo Super-Cel®; Standard Super-Cel filter aid, beverage processing MP2 Harborlite® 900 filter aid, beverages Magnesium Carbonate 309-S Light; Magnesium Carbonate 320-S Heavy; Magnesium Carbonate 321 filter aid, candy Magnesium stearate filter aid, clarification: beer Montmorillonite filter aid, clarification: vinegar Montmorillonite filter aid, clarification: wine Montmorillonite filter aid, clarification: wine/beer Kollidon® CL filter aid, clarification: wine/beer/vinegar Volclay® KWK Agglomerated; Volclay® KWK Food Grade; Volclay® KWK Krystal Klear filter aid, cold fining: beer Montmorillonite

2303

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference filter aid, cold fining: vinegar Montmorillonite filter aid, cold fining: wine Montmorillonite filter aid, fining: wine/beer/vinegar Volclay® KWK Agglomerated; Volclay® KWK Food Grade; Volclay® KWK Krystal Klear filter aid, food Alpha Cellulose, Powdered BH 200; Bentonite; Calcium silicate; Calgon® Carbon Type RB®; Cellulose Diatomaceous earth; Magnesium Carbonate 309-S Light; Magnesium Carbonate 320-S Heavy; Magnesium Carbonate 321; Magnesium stearate Solka-Floc®; Talc filter aid, gum Magnesium stearate filter aid, mint Magnesium stearate filter aid, table salt Calcium silicate; Magnesium silicate hydrate filter aid, vinegar Crospovidone filter aid, wine Crospovidone filter medium, dechlorination: beverages Calgon® Carbon Type GW 12x40 filter medium, dechlorination: food Calgon® Carbon Type GW 12x40 filter medium, trace organics: beverages Calgon® Carbon Type GW 12x40 filter medium, trace organics: food Calgon® Carbon Type GW 12x40 filter medium, wine/beer/juice filtration Alpha-Cel BH40; Alpha-Cel BH300; AlphaCel C40; Alpha-Cel C100 fining agent, beverages Sammi Gelatine fining agent, food Albumin macro aggregates fining agent, imitation sausage Albumin macro aggregates fining agent, soups Albumin macro aggregates fining agent, stews Albumin macro aggregates fining agent, wine Albumin macro aggregates

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

finishing agent, puddings Ammonium hydroxide finishing agent, surface: baked goods Ammonium hydroxide; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax finishing agent, surface: caramel Ammonium hydroxide finishing agent, surface: cheeses Ammonium hydroxide finishing agent, surface: cocoa Tristearin finishing agent, surface: confectionery Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Dextrin; Shellac; Tristearin finishing agent, surface: fats/oils Tristearin finishing agent, surface: food Ammonium hydroxide; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Dextrin; Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Shellac Talc; Tristearin; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten finishing agent, surface: fresh fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax finishing agent, surface: gravies Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax finishing agent, surface: gum Shellac finishing agent, surface: imitation chocolate Tristearin finishing agent, surface: pasta Dextrin finishing agent, surface: pizza doughs Dextrin finishing agent, surface: processed fruits Ammonium hydroxide; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax finishing agent, surface: snacks Dextrin finishing agent, surface: soft candy Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax finishing agent, surface: tablet food supplements Shellac firming agent, baked goods Ammonium sulfate; Calcium acetate; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Sodium alum; L-Tartaric acid firming agent, baking powder L-Tartaric acid

2304

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference firming agent, beverages Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate firming agent, bottled fruits/vegetables Galaxium firming agent, cake mixes Calcium acetate firming agent, cereals Py-ran® firming agent, confectionery Algin firming agent, cream of tartar L-Tartaric acid firming agent, dough Py-ran® firming agent, dry pudding mixes Calcium lactobionate firming agent, effervescent beverages L-Tartaric acid firming agent, fillings Calcium acetate firming agent, food Acacia; Acetylated distarch glycerol; Acetylated distarch phosphate; Algin; Aluminum sulfate Ammonium alum; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Ammonium sulfate; Calcium Carbonate 2927 Extra Heavy; Calcium Carbonate 2928 Ultra Heavy Calcium acetate; Calcium carbonate; Calcium Carbonate BC 300 Light; Calcium Carbonate BC 2924 Extra Light; Calcium Carbonate BC 2925 Medium Calcium Carbonate BC 2926 Light; Calcium Carbonate Purified 2923 Heavy; Calcium chloride; Calcium gluconate; Calcium hydroxide Calcium lactate; Calcium lactobionate; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium sulfate; Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Gadocal Gold Galaxium Pentahydrate Powder; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Magnesium chloride; Magnesium gluconate; Magnesium oxide Magnesium sulfate anhydrous; D-Mannitol; Pationic® 1233; Pationic® 1240; Pationic® 1250 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium alum; Sorbitol; Sorbo®; Succinic anhydride; L-Tartaric acid firming agent, frostings Algin firming agent, fruit jellies Py-ran® firming agent, fruit juices Algin firming agent, fruits Calcium citrate firming agent, gelatin Algin; Ammonium sulfate; Calcium acetate firming agent, gelatin desserts L-Tartaric acid firming agent, gravies Curdlan firming agent, hard candy Algin firming agent, ice cream Algin firming agent, infant formulas Magnesium oxide firming agent, low-fat meats Curdlan firming agent, meat analogs FP600 firming agent, meat extended prods. FP600 firming agent, noodles Veron® N; Veron® N; Veron® TX firming agent, pasta FP600; Veron® N; Veron® N; Veron® TX firming agent, pickle relishes Aluminum sulfate firming agent, pickles Aluminum sulfate; Potassium alum dodecahydrate; Sodium alum firming agent, pkg. materials Aluminum sulfate firming agent, potatoes Aluminum sulfate firming agent, poultry Magnesium chloride firming agent, preserves Py-ran® firming agent, puddings Ammonium sulfate firming agent, raw meats Magnesium chloride firming agent, reduced-fat dressings Curdlan

2305

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference firming agent, reduced-fat emulsified meats PenCling® 580 firming agent, sauces Algin; Calcium acetate; Curdlan firming agent, syrups Calcium acetate firming agent, toppings Algin; Calcium acetate firming agent, vegetable dishes Curdlan firming agent, vegetables Calcium citrate firming agent, wine Ammonium phosphate, dibasic firming agent, yeast-raised bakery prods. Terra Alba firmness improver, meat prods. EM 9N; EM 12; EM 14 firmness improver, pasta Noopazyme fixing agent, clinical nutrition Captex® 350 fixing agent, colorants: bacon curing Potassium nitrite fixing agent, colorants: brandy Cupric sulfate anhydrous fixing agent, colorants: cured meats Sodium nitrate fixing agent, colorants: distilling spirits Cupric sulfate anhydrous fixing agent, colorants: fish Sodium nitrate fixing agent, colorants: food L-Ascorbic acid; Cupric sulfate anhydrous; Potassium acetate; Potassium nitrate fixing agent, colorants: infant formulas Cupric sulfate anhydrous fixing agent, colorants: poultry Sodium nitrate fixing agent, colorants: poultry curing Potassium nitrite fixing agent, colorants: red meat curing Potassium nitrite fixing agent, colorants: wine Cupric sulfate anhydrous fixing agent, enzyme immobilization Cellulose triacetate; Glutaral; Periodic acid; Polyethylene imine fixing agent, flavor: food Ethylcellulose

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fixing agent, flavors Aldo® MCT KFG; Aldo® MCT Special KFG; Aqualon® N-7; Aqualon® N-10; Aqualon® N-14 Aqualon® N-22; Aqualon® N-50; Aqualon® N-100; Captex® 500; Ethocel™ Standard 4 Premium Ethocel™ Standard 7 FP Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium; Miglyol® 840 fixing agent, fragrances Captex® 500 fixing agent, glucose isomerase immobilization: corn syrup Diethylaminoethyl cellulose; Polyethylenimine reaction prod. with 1,2dichloroethane fixing agent, infant formulas Captex® 350 fixing agent, nutritional applics. Caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride; Caprylic/capric/linoleic triglyceride; Captex® 810D; Captex® 8227; Triundecanoin fixing agent, nutritional/sports supplements Captex® 350 flavor Aldo® MO KFG; Ascorbic Acid USP, FCC; BHT; Calamus; Capmul® GMO Carrot Powder Trobana®; Citral FG; CNP BRSHG40; CNP BRSHM; CNP BRSMC10 CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35; Cocoa Powder Black Alkalized; CornSweet® 95; CornSweet® Crystalline Fructose L-Cystine; Dimethyloctanol P&F; Dow Glycerine 99.5% USP/EP; Eastman® Propionic Anhydride, Kosher; Essiccum® Excel O-95R; 2-Furoic acid; Glycon® G-100; Glycon® G-300; Gold n Flavor® 105-100 Bakers Roll-in Margarine Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Gum Arabic CSP Spray Dried; Gum Arabic NF/FCC Clean Amber Sorts; Hystrene® 5016 NF FG Hystrene® 7018 FG; Hystrene® 9718 NF FG; Industrene® 5016 NF; Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic; Jasmoneige® 2306

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® O; Kelcoloid® S; Lumulse® GMO K L-Lysine; Manucol® Ester B; Manucol® Ester ER/K; Manucol® Ester M; Maxavor™ RYE-A, RYE-AS p-Menth-1-en-9-yl acetate; Methyl palmitate; Monomuls® 90 O18 PH; Myristic acid; NETO® 7350-50/43 Nutriloid® Gum Arabic; 1-Octen-3-yl butyrate; Pationic® 907; beta-Pinene P&F; Potassium citrate Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K150 Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B200 NF Premium; Probenz® SG; Propionic acid; Propionic anhydride Protanal Ester SD-H; Purac Sanilac®; Purasolv® BL; Purasolv® EL; Ross Beeswax S-Maz® 60K; Sodium ethylparaben; Sodium mono- and dimethyl naphthalene sulfonates; Spray Dried Gum Arabic NF/FCC CS-R; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra; Sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) oil; Sweetose® 4300-63/43; Sweetose® 4325-63/43; Sweetose® 440063/44 Sweetose® 4425-63/44; Thermal Select 75%/80%/85% (FG); Thiamine Hydrochloride USP, FCC; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 100 FCC/NF Powder; TIC Pretested® Arabic FT1 Powder TIC Pretested® Arabic PH SD; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic FCC/NF Powder; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic NF/USP Powder; TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic Pre-Hydrated®; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Pre-Hydrated®; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry NF/USP Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic TP Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic White 3871 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Arabic Spray Dry Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd.; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. Trisodium citrate; Veg-Con Onion; Viscosomimetic - 1, Natural; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ; Whole Egg Solids Type W-1 flavor, alcoholic beverages Alcohol; Anethole; Anisyl phenylacetate; Benzaldehyde; Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal Butyl alcohol; Butyl cinnamate; Butyl 10undecenoate; n-Butyraldehyde; d-Carvone 1,4-Cineole; Cinnamyl alcohol; Decanal dimethyl acetal; 2,5-Diethyltetrahydrofuran; Dihydrocarveol 2,4-Dimethylacetophenone; Ethyl acetate; p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; Ethyl benzoate; Ethyl crotonate Ethyl decanoate; 2-Ethylfuran; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl laurate; Ethyl maltol Ethyl myristate; Ethyl oxyhydrate; Ethyl pelargonate; Ethyl stearate; Ethyl undecanoate Ethyl 10-undecenoate; Ethyl vanillin; dFenchone; Furfural; Furfuryl alcohol Fusel oil refined; Heptanal; Hexyl benzoate; Hexyl 2-methylbutyrate; Hydrogen sulfide Isoamyl alcohol; Isobutyl butyrate; Isobutyl cinnamate; Isobutyl isobutyrate; αIsobutylphenethyl alcohol Linalool oxide; Maltyl isobutyrate; 3-Methyl2-butanol; Methyl nicotinate; 2Methylpropanal Methyl sorbate; β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether; Naturome™ Extracts; 3-Octanol; Octyl 2methylbutyrate Phenylacetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal; Thiophenol; Tributyrin; Winsense™ Extra 400; Winsense™ Extra 500

2307

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, apple cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate; 3-Hexenyl isovalerate flavor, apple: candy Isoamyl isovalerate flavor, apple: liqueurs Isoamyl isovalerate flavor, apricot formulations Ethyl heptanoate flavor, artificial V-V Vanilla flavor, artificial: beverages trans-3-Heptenyl isobutyrate flavor, artificial cognac Ethyl heptanoate flavor, artificial essence formulation Ethyl heptanoate flavor, artificial: food trans-3-Heptenyl isobutyrate flavor, artificial fruit essences Ethyl isovalerate; Heptyl acetate; Heptyl formate; Isoamyl formate flavor, artificially sweetened beverages Furaneol acetate; Pineapple Ketone Acetate, Natural; Viscosomimetic - 2, Natural flavor, artificially sweetened food Furaneol acetate; Pineapple Ketone Acetate, Natural flavor, baby foods Aromild®; Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder - Trofi Trobana®; Gluconolactone; Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana® Passion Fruit Powder Trobana® flavor, bagels Defatted Wheat Germ #2; Defatted Wheat Germ #5; Defatted Wheat Germ #6; Defatted Wheat Germ #8 flavor, baked goods Acetal; Acetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal; Acetanisole; Acetic acid Acetisoeugenol; Acetophenone; 2Acetylfuran; 3-Acetylpyridine; Adipic acid ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF; Agar Alcohol; Allyl anthranilate; Allyl butyrate; Allyl caproate; Allyl cinnamate Allyl cyclohexaneacetate; Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate; Allyl Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

cyclohexanehexanoate; Allyl cyclohexanepropionate; Allyl cyclohexanevalerate Allyl 2-furoate; Allyl heptanoate; Allyl αionone; Allyl isothiocyanate; Allyl isovalerate Allyl mercaptan; Allyl nonanoate; Allyl octanoate; Allyl phenoxyacetate; Allyl phenylacetate Allyl propionate; Allyl sorbate; Allyl sulfide; Allyl tiglate; Allyl 10-undecenoate Amaranthus cruentus; Ammonium alginate; Ammonium glycyrrhizinate; Ammonium isovalerate; n-Amyl alcohol Amyl butyrate; α-Amylcinnamaldehyde; αAmylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal; αAmylcinnamyl acetate; α-Amylcinnamyl alcohol α-Amylcinnamyl formate; α-Amylcinnamyl isovalerate; Amyl formate; Amyl 2-furoate; Amyl heptanoate Amyl hexanoate; Amyl octanoate; Anethole; Anisole; p-Anisyl acetate p-Anisyl alcohol; Anisyl butyrate; Anisyl formate; Anisyl phenylacetate; Anisyl propionate Annatto (Bixa orellana); Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; L-Ascorbic acid; LAspartic acid; Benzaldehyde Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal; Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal; Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal; Benzoic acid; Benzoin Benzophenone; Benzothiazole; Benzyl acetate; Benzyl acetoacetate; Benzyl alcohol Benzyl benzoate; Benzyl butyl ether; Benzyl butyrate; Benzyl cinnamate; Benzyl 2,3dimethylcrotonate Benzyl dipropyl ketone; Benzyl ether; Benzyl ethyl ether; Benzyl formate; Benzyl isobutyrate Benzyl isovalerate; Benzyl mercaptan; Benzyl methoxyethyl acetal; Benzyl phenylacetate; Benzyl propionate Benzylsalicylate; BHA; γ-Bisabolene; DLBorneol; Bornyl acetate Bornyl formate; Bornyl isovalerate; Bornyl valerate; Brominated vegetable oil; Butter acids

2308

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Butter esters; n-Butyl acetate; Butyl acetoacetate; Butyl alcohol; Butyl anthranilate Butyl butyrate; Butyl butyryl lactate; αButylcinnamaldehyde; Butyl cinnamate; Butyl 2-decenoate Butyl formate; Butyl heptanoate; Butyl hexanoate; Butyl isobutyrate; n-Butyl isovalerate Butyl lactate; Butyl laurate; Butyl levulinate; N-Butyl-2-methylbutyrate; Butyl phenylacetate n-Butyl propionate; Butyl salicylate; Butyl sulfide; Butyl 10-undecenoate; Butyl valerate n-Butyraldehyde; n-Butyric acid; Butyrolactone; Cadinene; Camphene Capric acid; Caramel; Carboxymethylcellulose; Carvacrol; Carvacryl ethyl ether Carveol; 4-Carvomenthenol; d-Carvone; lCarvone; Carvyl acetate Carvyl propionate; β-Caryophyllene; 1,4Cineole; Cinnamal; Cinnamaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal Cinnamic acid; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract; Cinnamyl acetate; Cinnamyl alcohol; Cinnamyl anthranilate Cinnamyl butyrate; Cinnamyl cinnamate; Cinnamyl formate; Cinnamyl isobutyrate; Cinnamyl isovalerate Cinnamyl phenylacetate; Cinnamyl propionate; Citral; Citric acid; Citronellal β-Citronellol; Citronellyl acetate; Citronellyl butyrate; Citronellyl formate; Citronellyl isobutyrate Citronellyl phenylacetate; Citronellyl propionate; Citronellyl valerate; Cocal Reaction Flavor, Natural; m-Cresol p-Cresol; Cuminaldehyde; β-Cyclocitral; Cyclohexaneacetic acid; Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Cyclohexyl acetate; Cyclohexyl anthranilate; Cyclohexyl butyrate; Cyclohexyl cinnamate; Cyclohexylethyl acetate Cyclohexyl formate; Cyclohexyl isovalerate; Cyclohexyl propionate; Cyclopentanethiol; p-Cymene δ-Decalactone; γ-Decalactone; Decanal; Decanal dimethyl acetal; Decyl acetate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Decyl alcohol; Decyl butyrate; Decyl propionate; Defatted Wheat Germ #1; Diacetyl Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Diallyl trisulfide; 4,4-Dibutyl-γbutyrolactone; Dibutyl sebacate; Dicyclohexyl disulfide Diethylacetic acid; Diethyl DL-malate; Diethyl malonate; Diethyl sebacate; Diethyl succinate Diethyl tartrate; 2,5-Diethyltetrahydrofuran; Dihydrocarveol; Dihydrocarvyl acetate; Dihydrocoumarin Dihydro-β-ionone; m-Dimethoxybenzene; pDimethoxybenzene; 2,4Dimethylacetophenone; Dimethyl anthranilate Dimethylbenzyl carbinol; Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate; α,α-Dimethylbenzyl isobutyrate; 2,6-Dimethyl octanal; 3,7Dimethyl-1-octanol 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine; Dimethyl succinate; 1,3-Diphenyl-2-propanone; Dipropyl trisulfide; Disodium guanylate Disodium inosinate; δ-Dodecalactone; γDodecalactone; 2-Dodecenal; Dodecyl isobutyrate Erythorbic acid; Estragole; pEthoxybenzaldehyde; Ethyl acetate; Ethylacetoacetate Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters; Ethyl acrylate; Ethyl-p-anisate; Ethyl anthranilate; p-Ethylbenzaldehyde Ethyl benzoate; Ethyl benzoylacetate; αEthylbenzyl butyrate; 2-Ethylbutyraldehyde; Ethyl butyrate Ethyl caproate; Ethyl cinnamate; Ethyl crotonate; Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate; Ethyl cyclohexanepropionate Ethyl decanoate; 2-Ethyl-3,5(6)dimethylpyrazine; 2-Ethyl fenchol; 2Ethylfuran; Ethyl-2-furanpropionate Ethyl heptanoate; Ethyl isobutyrate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl laurate Ethyl levulinate; Ethyl maltol; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate; Ethyl 3-(methylthio) propionate; Ethyl myristate Ethyl nitrite; Ethyl-2-nonynoate; Ethyl octanoate; Ethyl oleate; Ethyl oxyhydrate Ethyl palmitate; Ethyl pelargonate; pEthylphenol; Ethyl phenylacetate; Ethyl phenylglycidate 2309

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ethyl-3-phenylpropionate; Ethyl propionate; Ethyl pyruvate; Ethyl salicylate; Ethyl sorbate Ethyl tiglate; Ethyl 10-undecenoate; Ethyl valerate; Ethyl vanillin; Ethyl vinyl ketone Eucalyptol; Eugenol; Eugenyl acetate; Eugenyl benzoate; Farnesol d-Fenchone; Fenchyl alcohol; Flo-Malt®; Formic acid; Fumaric acid Furaneol acetate; Furfural; Furfuryl acetate; Furfuryl alcohol; Furfuryl mercaptan (2-Furyl)-2-propanone; Fusel oil refined; Geraniol; Geranyl acetate; Geranyl acetoacetate Geranyl benzoate; Geranyl butyrate; Geranyl formate; Geranyl hexanoate; Geranyl isobutyrate Geranyl isovalerate; Geranyl phenylacetate; Geranyl propionate; Gluconolactone; Glucose α-D-Glucose pentaacetate; L-Glutamine; Glycerin; Glyceryl stearate SE; Guaiacol Guaiacyl acetate; Guaiacyl phenylacetate; γHeptalactone; Heptanal; Heptanal dimethyl acetal Heptanal glyceryl acetal (mixed 1,2 and 1,3 acetals); 2,3-Heptanedione; 2-Heptanol; 3Heptanone; 4-Heptanone Heptyl acetate; Heptyl alcohol; Heptyl butyrate; Heptyl cinnamate; Heptyl formate 2-Heptylfuran; Heptyl isobutyrate; 3Hexanol; 3-Hexanone; cis-3-Hexenyl acetate Hexyl benzoate; Hexyl 2-butenoate; Hexyl 2methylbutyrate; Hodag® S-35 K; Hydrogen sulfide Hydroquinone ethyl ether; Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol; Isoamylamine; Isoamyl benzoate Isoamyl butyrate; Isoamyl cinnamate; Isoamyl formate; Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate; Isoamyl 3-(2-furan) propionate Isoamyl hexanoate; Isoamyl isovalerate; Isoamyl laurate; Isoamyl nonanoate; Isoamyl octanoate Isoamyl phenylacetate; Isoamyl propionate; Isoamyl pyruvate; Isoamyl salicylate; Isoborneol Isobornyl acetate; Isobornyl formate; Isobornyl isovalerate; Isobornyl propionate; Isobutyl acetate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Isobutyl acetoacetate; Isobutyl alcohol; Isobutyl anthranilate; Isobutyl benzoate; Isobutyl butyrate Isobutyl cinnamate; Isobutyl formate; Isobutyl-2-furanpropionate; Isobutyl heptanoate; Isobutyl hexanoate Isobutyl isobutyrate; Isobutyl isovalerate; α-Isobutylphenethyl alcohol; Isobutyl phenylacetate; Isobutyl propionate Isobutyl salicylate; Isobutyric acid; Isoeugenol; Isoeugenyl benzyl ether; Isoeugenyl ethyl ether Isoeugenyl phenylacetate; Isopropyl myristate; Isopropyl tiglate; Linalool oxide; Linalyl phenylacetate Maltyl isobutyrate; Methyl n-amyl ketone; Methyl benzyl disulfide; 3-Methyl-2-butanol; 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol 2-Methylbutyl acetate; Methyl disulfide; Methyl ethyl ketone; Methyl eugenol; Methyl isoeugenol Methyl jasmonate; Methyl nicotinate; 2Methylpentanal; 3-Methylpentanoic acid; 4Methylpentanoic acid 2-Methylpropanal; 3-Methyl-5-propyl-2cyclohexen-1-one; Methyl salicylate; Methyl sorbate; 5-Methyl-2thiophenecarboxyaldehyde Musk ambrette; 2-Naphthalenethiol; βNaphthyl ethyl ether; β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether; γ-Nonalactone 2-Nonanol; cis-6-Nonen-1-ol; trans-2Nonen-1-ol; 3-Octanol; cis-3-Octen-1-ol 1-Octen-3-yl butyrate; Pentyl 2-furyl ketone; Phenol; Phenylacetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal; DL-Phenylalanine 5-Phenyl-1-pentanol; Pineapple Ketone, Natural; Pineapple Ketone Acetate, Natural; Praline Reaction Flavor, Natural; Propenyl propyl disulfide Propiophenone; Propylene glycol alginate; Propyl 2-fuorate; 4-Propylphenol; Quinoline Resorcinol; Rhovanil™ Extra-Pure; DRibose; Sodium chloride; Sodium diacetate Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium propionate; Sorbogem™; L-Tartaric acid; Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1propenyl)-2H-pyran; Theobromine; oThiocresol; Thiogeraniol; Thiophenol

2310

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Triacetin; Tributyrin; 2-Tridecanone; 3,5,5Trimethylhexan-1-ol; 2,4,5-Trimethyl δ-3oxazoline 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine; L-Tyrosine; Undecanoic acid; Undecylenic acid; DL-αValine Vanillyl alcohol; Veg-Con Carrot; 2,5Xylenol; 3,4-Xylenol; Yeast extract flavor, baked/roasted chicken skin Maxavor™ RYE-C flavor, bakery fillings Gold n Flavor® 105-090 Bakers Margarine flavor, bakery fruit fillings Naturome™ Extracts; Performarome flavor, bakery mixes Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat flavor, bakery prods. Cocoa Powder Dark Brown Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat; Cocoa Powder Natural; Cocoa Powder Natural - High Fat Cocoa Powder Natural - Medium Fat; Gold n Flavor® 105-090 Bakers Margarine; Maltol; Phenylacetaldehyde; Rhovanil #174 Free Flow Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets; Winsense™ Extra 400; Winsense™ Extra 500 flavor, baking mixes Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous; Glyceryl oleate flavor, baking powder Adipic acid; L-Tartaric acid flavor, banana 3-Hexenyl isovalerate flavor, banana: baby foods Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: bread Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: cake mixes Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: cakes Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trobana®; Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: dry fruit preps. Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: food Banana Essence 1000 Fold Natural; Banana Treattarome 9730; Green Banana Powder Trogreen Trobana® flavor, banana: frozen desserts Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: fruit preps. Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana® flavor, banana: ice cream Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: juices Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: muffins Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: nectars Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: pies Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: powdered drinks Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: soft-food diet prods. Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, banana: water based aromas Banana Essence - 1000 Fold Trobana®

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, banana: yogurt Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Non Acidified Aseptic Banana Puree Trobana®; Organic Bio-Banana Flakes Trobana® flavor, batter mixes Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #9 flavor, beef Beef Booster, Natural; Exter™ Family; Gb Select®; Maxavor™ RYE-T; Natural Chicken Key Savorkey® flavor, beef: food Hearty Beef Key, Natural; Mushroom Booster, Natural flavor, beef savory: food Meaty Key, Natural flavor, beer Caramel flavor, beer malting Potassium chloride flavor, bell pepper Undecatriene flavor, berries Cassis Ketone, Natural; α-Ionol; Natural Replacer for Buchu flavor, berries/fruits: food Freshness Enhancer - BWF, Natural flavor, beverages Acetal; Acetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde; Acetanisole; Acetic acid Acetisoeugenol; Acetophenone; 3Acetylpyridine; 2-Acetylpyrrole; Adipic acid Agar; Alcohol; Allyl anthranilate; Allyl butyrate; Allyl caproate Allyl cinnamate; Allyl cyclohexaneacetate; Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate; Allyl cyclohexanehexanoate; Allyl cyclohexanepropionate Allyl cyclohexanevalerate; Allyl 2ethylbutyrate; Allyl 2-furoate; Allyl heptanoate; Allyl α-ionone Allyl isothiocyanate; Allyl isovalerate; Allyl mercaptan; Allyl nonanoate; Allyl octanoate Allyl phenoxyacetate; Allyl phenylacetate; Allyl propionate; Allyl sorbate; Allyl sulfide Allyl tiglate; Allyl 10-undecenoate; Aloe Vera Gel Powd., Dehydrated; Aloe Vera Gel Spray Dried Powd.; Ammonium alginate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ammonium glycyrrhizinate; n-Amyl alcohol; Amyl butyrate; α-Amylcinnamaldehyde; αAmylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal α-Amylcinnamyl acetate; α-Amylcinnamyl alcohol; α-Amylcinnamyl formate; αAmylcinnamyl isovalerate; Amyl formate Amylfuran; Amyl 2-furoate; Amyl heptanoate; Amyl hexanoate; Amyl octanoate Anethole; Anethole; trans-Anethole; Anisole; p-Anisyl acetate p-Anisyl alcohol; Anisyl butyrate; Anisyl formate; Anisyl phenylacetate; Anisyl propionate Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; L-Ascorbic acid; L-Aspartic acid; Benzaldehyde; Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal; Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal; Benzoic acid; Benzoin; Benzophenone Benzothiazole; Benzyl acetate; Benzyl acetoacetate; Benzyl alcohol; Benzyl benzoate Benzyl butyl ether; Benzyl butyrate; Benzyl cinnamate; Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate; Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate Benzyl dipropyl ketone; Benzyl ether; Benzyl ethyl ether; Benzyl formate; Benzyl isobutyrate Benzyl isovalerate; Benzyl mercaptan; Benzyl methoxyethyl acetal; Benzyl phenylacetate; Benzyl propionate Benzylsalicylate; BHA; γ-Bisabolene; DLBorneol; Bornyl acetate Bornyl formate; Bornyl isovalerate; Bornyl valerate; Brominated vegetable oil; Butter acids Butter esters; n-Butyl acetate; Butyl acetoacetate; Butyl alcohol; Butyl anthranilate Butyl butyrate; Butyl butyryl lactate; αButylcinnamaldehyde; Butyl cinnamate; Butyl 2-decenoate Butyl ethyl malonate; Butyl formate; Butyl heptanoate; Butyl hexanoate; Butyl isobutyrate n-Butyl isovalerate; Butyl lactate; Butyl laurate; Butyl levulinate; N-Butyl-2methylbutyrate Butyloxepanone; Butylparaben; Butyl phenylacetate; n-Butyl propionate; Butyl salicylate 2312

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Butyl sulfide; Butyl 10-undecenoate; Butyl valerate; n-Butyraldehyde; n-Butyric acid n-Butyric acid; Butyrolactone; Camphene; Capric acid; Caprylic alcohol Carboxymethylcellulose; Carvacrol; Carvacryl ethyl ether; Carveol; 4Carvomenthenol d-Carvone; d-Carvone; l-Carvone; Carvyl acetate; Carvyl propionate β-Caryophyllene; 1,4-Cineole; Cinnamal; Cinnamal; Cinnamic acid Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract; Cinnamon Oil 950; Cinnamyl acetate; Cinnamyl alcohol; Cinnamyl anthranilate Cinnamyl butyrate; Cinnamyl cinnamate; Cinnamyl formate; Cinnamyl isobutyrate; Cinnamyl isovalerate Cinnamyl phenylacetate; Cinnamyl propionate; Citral; Citral diethyl acetal; Citric acid Citronellal; β-Citronellol; Citronellyl acetate; Citronellyl butyrate; Citronellyl formate Citronellyl isobutyrate; Citronellyl phenylacetate; Citronellyl propionate; Citronellyl valerate; Coffee Booster - 1, Natural Coffee Booster - 2, Natural; p-Cresol; pCresyl isovalerate; p-Cresyl octanoate; Cuminaldehyde β-Cyclocitral; Cyclohexaneacetic acid; Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; Cyclohexyl acetate; Cyclohexyl anthranilate Cyclohexyl butyrate; Cyclohexyl cinnamate; Cyclohexylethyl acetate; Cyclohexyl formate; Cyclohexyl isovalerate Cyclohexyl propionate; p-Cymene; βDamascenone; δ-Decalactone; γDecalactone Decanal; Decanal dimethyl acetal; Decyl acetate; Decyl alcohol; Decyl butyrate Decyl propionate; Diacetyl; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Dibutyl sebacate; Dicyclohexyl disulfide Diethylacetic acid; Diethyl malate; Diethyl DL-malate; Diethyl malonate; Diethyl sebacate Diethyl succinate; Diethyl tartrate; 2,5Diethyltetrahydrofuran; Dihydrocarveol; Dihydrocarvyl acetate Dihydrocoumarin; Dihydro-α-ionone; Dihydro-β-ionone; m-Dimethoxybenzene; pDimethoxybenzene Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2,4-Dimethylacetophenone; 2,4Dimethylbenzaldehyde; Dimethylbenzyl carbinol; Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate; α,α-Dimethylbenzyl isobutyrate 2,6-Dimethyl heptanol-4; 2,6-Dimethyl octanal; 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol; α,αDimethylphenethyl butyrate; α,αDimethylphenethyl formate 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine; 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine; Dimethyl succinate; Diphenyl oxide; 1,3Diphenyl-2-propanone Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; γDodecalactone; 2-Dodecenal; Dodecyl isobutyrate Erythorbic acid; Estragole; pEthoxybenzaldehyde; Ethyl acetate; Ethyl acetate Ethylacetoacetate; Ethyl-2-acetyl-3phenylpropionate; Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters; Ethyl acrylate; Ethyl-p-anisate Ethyl anthranilate; p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; Ethyl benzoate; Ethyl benzoylacetate; αEthylbenzyl butyrate 2-Ethylbutyl acetate; 2-Ethylbutyraldehyde; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate; Ethyl cinnamate Ethyl crotonate; Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate; Ethyl cyclohexanepropionate; Ethyl cyclohexylacetate; Ethyl decanoate 2-Ethyl-3,5(6)-dimethylpyrazine; 2-Ethyl fenchol; 2-Ethylfuran; Ethyl furaneol; Ethyl2-furanpropionate 4-Ethylguaiacol; Ethyl heptanoate; 2-Ethyl2-heptenal; Ethyl-3-hexenoate; Ethyl 3hydroxybutyrate Ethyl isobutyrate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl laurate; Ethyl levulinate Ethyl maltol; N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3carboxamide; Ethyl-2-methylbutyrate; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Ethyl 3-(methylthio) propionate; Ethyl-2methylvalerate; Ethyl myristate; Ethyl nitrite; Ethyl-2-nonynoate Ethyl octanoate; Ethyl trans-2-octenoate; Ethyl oleate; Ethyl oxyhydrate; Ethyl pelargonate Ethyl phenylacetate; Ethyl-4phenylbutyrate; Ethyl phenylglycidate; Ethyl-3-phenylpropionate; Ethyl propionate

2313

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference 3-Ethylpyridine; Ethyl pyruvate; Ethyl salicylate; Ethyl sorbate; Ethyl stearate Ethyl tiglate; Ethyl undecanoate; Ethyl 10undecenoate; Ethyl valerate; Ethyl vanillin Ethyl vanillin; Ethyl vinyl ketone; Eucalyptol; Eugenol; Eugenol Eugenyl acetate; Eugenyl benzoate; Farnesal; Farnesol; d-Fenchone Fenchyl acetate; Fenchyl alcohol; Folded Orange Oil 5-Fold; Folded Orange Oil 10Fold; Formic acid Fumaric acid; Furfural; Furfuryl acetate; Furfuryl alcohol; Furfuryl mercaptan 3-(2-Furyl) acrylaldehyde; Fusel oil refined; Geraniol; Geranyl acetate; Geranyl acetate Geranyl acetoacetate; Geranyl benzoate; Geranyl butyrate; Geranyl formate; Geranyl hexanoate Geranyl isobutyrate; Geranyl isovalerate; Geranyl phenylacetate; Geranyl propionate; Globe® Corn Syrup Solids α-D-Glucose pentaacetate; Glycerin; Glyceryl oleate; Glyceryl tribenzoate; Guaiacol Guaiacyl acetate; Guaiacyl phenylacetate; γHeptalactone; Heptanal; Heptanal dimethyl acetal Heptanal glyceryl acetal (mixed 1,2 and 1,3 acetals); 2,3-Heptanedione; 2-Heptanol; 3Heptanone; 4-Heptanone Heptyl acetate; Heptyl alcohol; Heptyl butyrate; Heptyl cinnamate; Heptyl formate 2-Heptylfuran; Heptyl isobutyrate; δHexalactone; 3-Hexanol; 3-Hexanone cis-3-Hexenyl acetate; cis-3-Hexenyl butyrate; cis-3-Hexenyl 2-methylbutyrate; Hexyl benzoate; Hexyl 2-butenoate Hexyl isobutyrate; Hexyl 2-methylbutyrate; Hexyl phenylacetate; Honey; Hydrogen sulfide Hydroquinone ethyl ether; γ-Ionone; Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol; Isoamylamine Isoamyl benzoate; Isoamyl butyrate; Isoamyl cinnamate; Isoamyl formate; Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate; Isoamyl 3-(2furan) propionate; Isoamyl hexanoate; Isoamyl isovalerate; Isoamyl laurate Isoamyl nonanoate; Isoamyl octanoate; Isoamyl phenylacetate; Isoamyl propionate; Isoamyl pyruvate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Isoamyl salicylate; Isoborneol; Isobornyl acetate; Isobornyl formate; Isobornyl isovalerate Isobornyl propionate; Isobutyl acetate; Isobutyl acetoacetate; Isobutyl alcohol; Isobutyl angelate Isobutyl anthranilate; Isobutyl benzoate; Isobutyl butyrate; Isobutyl cinnamate; Isobutyl formate Isobutyl-2-furanpropionate; Isobutyl heptanoate; Isobutyl hexanoate; Isobutyl isobutyrate; Isobutyl isovalerate α-Isobutylphenethyl alcohol; Isobutyl phenylacetate; Isobutyl propionate; Isobutyl salicylate; Isobutyric acid Isoeugenol; Isoeugenyl benzyl ether; Isoeugenyl ethyl ether; Isoeugenyl phenylacetate; Isopropyl myristate Lemon - FC, Natural; Lemon Base; Linalool oxide; Linalyl phenylacetate; Maltyl isobutyrate Menthyl lactate; l-Menthyl lactate; Methyl namyl ketone; Methylbenzyl acetate, mixed o-, m-, p-; 3-Methyl-2-butanol 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol; Methyl disulfide; Methyl ethyl ketone; Methyl eugenol; Methylfurfural Methyl-2-hexenoate; Methyl isoeugenol; Methyl jasmonate; Methyl nicotinate; 2Methylpentanal 3-Methylpentanoic acid; 4-Methylpentanoic acid; 2-Methylpropanal; 3-Methyl-5-propyl2-cyclohexen-1-one; Methyl salicylate Methyl sorbate; 5-Methyl-2thiophenecarboxyaldehyde; Musk ambrette; Myrtenol; β-Naphthyl ethyl ether β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether; cis-6-Nonen-1-ol; trans-2-Nonen-1-ol; 3-Octanol; cis-3-Octen1-ol Octyl 2-furoate; Octyl 2-methylbutyrate; Pentyl 2-furyl ketone; Phenethyl hexanoate; Phenol Phenylacetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal; Phenyl disulfide; 5-Phenyl-1-pentanol; 1Phenyl-1,2-propanedione; Piperine Propiophenone; Propylene glycol dibenzoate; 4-Propylphenol; Quinine bisulfate; Quinoline Rhovanil #174 Free Flow; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Talin®; 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylbenzofuran; Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate 2314

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1propenyl)-2H-pyran; Theaspirane; Thiogeraniol; Thiophenol; Tiglic acid Triacetin; Triacetin; Tributyrin; 2,3,5Trimethylpyrazine; Undecylenic acid DL-α-Valine; Vanillyl alcohol; Veg-Con Cabbage; Veg-Con Carrot; Veg-Con Garlic Veg-Con Green Bell Pepper; Veg-Dry Cabbage; Veg-Dry Carrot; Veg-Dry Celery, Roasted; Veg-Dry Garlic p-Vinylphenol; WS-3, Artificial; WS-23, Artificial flavor, biscuits Bread Crust Note, Natural; Defatted Wheat Germ #2; Defatted Wheat Germ #5; Defatted Wheat Germ #6; Defatted Wheat Germ #8 flavor, blended whiskey Caramel flavor blocker, APM Bitterness Blocker 1, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 2, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 3, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 4, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 5, Natural Bitterness Blocker 6, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 7, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 8, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 9, Natural flavor blocker, caffeine Bitterness Blocker 1, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 2, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 3, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 4, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 5, Natural Bitterness Blocker 6, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 7, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 8, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 9, Natural flavor blocker, grapefruit Bitterness Blocker 1, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 2, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 3, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 4, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 5, Natural Bitterness Blocker 6, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 7, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 8, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 9, Natural flavor blocker, HVP Bitterness Blocker 1, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 2, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 3, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 4, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 5, Natural Bitterness Blocker 6, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 7, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 8, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 9, Natural

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor blocker, naringin Bitterness Blocker 1, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 2, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 3, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 4, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 5, Natural Bitterness Blocker 6, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 7, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 8, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 9, Natural flavor blocker, potassium Bitterness Blocker 1, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 2, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 3, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 4, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 5, Natural Bitterness Blocker 6, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 7, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 8, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 9, Natural flavor blocker, potassium sorbate Bitterness Blocker 10, Natural flavor blocker, protein Bitterness Blocker 1, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 2, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 3, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 4, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 5, Natural Bitterness Blocker 6, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 7, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 8, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 9, Natural flavor blocker, saccharin Bitterness Blocker 1, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 2, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 3, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 4, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 5, Natural Bitterness Blocker 6, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 7, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 8, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 9, Natural flavor blocker, sodium benzoate Bitterness Blocker 10, Natural flavor blocker, sucralose Bitterness Blocker 1, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 2, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 3, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 4, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 5, Natural Bitterness Blocker 6, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 7, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 8, Natural; Bitterness Blocker 9, Natural flavor, blueberry 3-Hexenyl isovalerate flavor, blue cheese: food BCF™ flavor, bologna Hydrolyzed milk protein; Hydrolyzed vegetable protein

2315

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, bouillon Exter™ Family flavor, bourbon formulations Ethyl heptanoate flavor, brandy Piperine flavor, bread crumbs Bread Crust Note, Natural flavor, bread doughs Phosphoric acid flavor, breading Puffed Amaranth flavor, breads Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder Trofi Trobana®; Bread Crust Note, Natural; Defatted Wheat Germ #2; Defatted Wheat Germ #5 Defatted Wheat Germ #6; Defatted Wheat Germ #8; Ethyl furaneol; Gold n Flavor® 105-060 Table Grade Margarine; Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana® Pea (Pisum sativum); Puffed Amaranth; Sour Base M; White Sour; 2X White Sour flavor, breakfast cocoas Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat flavor, brewing Glucose; Yeast extract flavor, butter Ammonium isovalerate; Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; Brolite 1A; Butter acids; DCF™ FDF™; Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved Galacid Heat-Stable 80; Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25; Hexenyl-cis-3-valerate Sodium chloride flavor, butterfat/cream: food LBO™ flavor, butterfat: food NBF™ flavor, cake/bread mixes Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ flavor, cake flour Phosphoric acid flavor, cake mixes Banana Flakes Trobana®; Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana®; Sorbogem™

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, cakes Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder Trofi Trobana®; Bread Crust Note, Natural; Cake Flavor Enhancer; Defatted Wheat Germ #2 Defatted Wheat Germ #5; Defatted Wheat Germ #6; Defatted Wheat Germ #8; Lemalta Flavor®; Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana® Passion Fruit Powder Trobana®; Polysorbate 60; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets flavor, candy Acetal; Acetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal; Acetanisole; Acetic acid Acetisoeugenol; Acetophenone; 3Acetylpyridine; 2-Acetylpyrrole; Alcohol Allyl anthranilate; Allyl butyrate; Allyl caproate; Allyl cinnamate; Allyl cyclohexaneacetate Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate; Allyl cyclohexanehexanoate; Allyl cyclohexanepropionate; Allyl cyclohexanevalerate; Allyl 2-ethylbutyrate Allyl 2-furoate; Allyl heptanoate; Allyl αionone; Allyl isothiocyanate; Allyl isovalerate Allyl mercaptan; Allyl nonanoate; Allyl octanoate; Allyl phenoxyacetate; Allyl phenylacetate Allyl propionate; Allyl sorbate; Allyl sulfide; Allyl tiglate; Allyl 10-undecenoate Ammonium glycyrrhizinate; n-Amyl alcohol; Amyl butyrate; α-Amylcinnamaldehyde; αAmylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal α-Amylcinnamyl acetate; α-Amylcinnamyl alcohol; α-Amylcinnamyl formate; αAmylcinnamyl isovalerate; Amyl formate Amyl 2-furoate; Amyl heptanoate; Amyl hexanoate; Amyl octanoate; Anisole p-Anisyl acetate; p-Anisyl alcohol; Anisyl butyrate; Anisyl formate; Anisyl propionate Arabinogalactan; L-Ascorbic acid; Benzaldehyde; Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal; Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal; Benzoic acid; Benzoin; Benzophenone; Benzothiazole Benzyl acetate; Benzyl acetoacetate; Benzyl alcohol; Benzyl benzoate; Benzyl butyl ether 2316

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Benzyl butyrate; Benzyl cinnamate; Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate; Benzyl dipropyl ketone; Benzyl ether Benzyl ethyl ether; Benzyl formate; Benzyl isobutyrate; Benzyl isovalerate; Benzyl mercaptan Benzyl methoxyethyl acetal; Benzyl phenylacetate; Benzyl propionate; Benzylsalicylate; BHA DL-Borneol; Bornyl acetate; Bornyl formate; Bornyl isovalerate; Bornyl valerate Butter acids; Butter esters; n-Butyl acetate; Butyl acetoacetate; Butyl alcohol Butyl anthranilate; Butyl butyrate; Butyl butyryl lactate; α-Butylcinnamaldehyde; Butyl cinnamate Butyl 2-decenoate; Butyl ethyl malonate; Butyl formate; Butyl heptanoate; Butyl hexanoate Butyl isobutyrate; n-Butyl isovalerate; Butyl lactate; Butyl laurate; Butyl levulinate N-Butyl-2-methylbutyrate; Butyl phenylacetate; n-Butyl propionate; Butyl sulfide; Butyl 10-undecenoate Butyl valerate; n-Butyraldehyde; n-Butyric acid; Butyrolactone; Cadinene Camphene; Caprylic alcohol; Caramel; Carboxymethylcellulose; Carvacrol Carvacryl ethyl ether; Carveol; 4Carvomenthenol; d-Carvone; l-Carvone Carvyl acetate; Carvyl propionate; βCaryophyllene; Cinnamal; Cinnamaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal Cinnamic acid; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract; Cinnamyl acetate; Cinnamyl alcohol; Cinnamyl anthranilate Cinnamyl butyrate; Cinnamyl cinnamate; Cinnamyl formate; Cinnamyl isobutyrate; Cinnamyl isovalerate Cinnamyl phenylacetate; Cinnamyl propionate; Citral; Citral diethyl acetal; Citric acid Citronellal; β-Citronellol; Citronellyl acetate; Citronellyl butyrate; Citronellyl formate Citronellyl isobutyrate; Citronellyl phenylacetate; Citronellyl propionate; Citronellyl valerate; 42/43 Corn Syrup p-Cresol; Cuminaldehyde; Cyclohexaneacetic acid; Cyclohexyl acetate; Cyclohexyl anthranilate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cyclohexyl butyrate; Cyclohexyl cinnamate; Cyclohexylethyl acetate; Cyclohexyl formate; Cyclohexyl isovalerate Cyclohexyl propionate; p-Cymene; δDecalactone; γ-Decalactone; Decanal Decanal dimethyl acetal; Decyl acetate; Decyl alcohol; Decyl butyrate; Decyl propionate Diacetyl; 4,4-Dibutyl-γ-butyrolactone; Dibutyl sebacate; Diethylacetic acid; Diethyl DL-malate Diethyl malonate; 2,3-Diethylpyrazine; Diethyl sebacate; Diethyl succinate; Diethyl tartrate Dihydrocarveol; Dihydrocarvyl acetate; Dihydrocoumarin; m-Dimethoxybenzene; pDimethoxybenzene 2,4-Dimethylacetophenone; Dimethylbenzyl carbinol; Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate; α,α-Dimethylbenzyl isobutyrate; 2,6Dimethyl heptanol-4 2,6-Dimethyl octanal; 3,7-Dimethyl-1octanol; α,α-Dimethylphenethyl butyrate; α,α-Dimethylphenethyl formate; 2,3Dimethylpyrazine Dimethyl succinate; 1,3-Diphenyl-2propanone; δ-Dodecalactone; γDodecalactone; 2-Dodecenal Estragole; p-Ethoxybenzaldehyde; Ethyl acetate; Ethylacetoacetate; Ethyl-2-acetyl-3phenylpropionate Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters; Ethyl acrylate; Ethyl-p-anisate; Ethyl anthranilate; Ethyl benzoate Ethyl benzoylacetate; α-Ethylbenzyl butyrate; 2-Ethylbutyl acetate; 2Ethylbutyraldehyde; Ethyl butyrate Ethyl caproate; Ethyl cinnamate; Ethyl cyclohexanepropionate; Ethyl decanoate; 2Ethyl-3,5(6)-dimethylpyrazine Ethyl-2-furanpropionate; Ethyl heptanoate; 2-Ethyl-2-heptenal; Ethyl isobutyrate; Ethyl isovalerate Ethyl lactate; Ethyl laurate; Ethyl levulinate; N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide; Ethyl2-methylbutyrate Ethyl methylphenylglycidate; Ethyl 3(methylthio) propionate; Ethyl myristate; Ethyl nitrite; Ethyl-2-nonynoate Ethyl octanoate; Ethyl oleate; Ethyl oxyhydrate; Ethyl palmitate; Ethyl pelargonate 2317

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ethyl phenylacetate; Ethyl-4phenylbutyrate; Ethyl phenylglycidate; Ethyl-3-phenylpropionate; Ethyl propionate Ethyl pyruvate; Ethyl salicylate; Ethyl sorbate; Ethyl tiglate; Ethyl 10-undecenoate Ethyl valerate; Ethyl vanillin; Ethyl vinyl ketone; Eucalyptol; Eugenol Eugenyl acetate; Eugenyl benzoate; Farnesol; d-Fenchone; Fenchyl alcohol Flo-Malt®; Formic acid; Furaneol acetate; Furfural; Furfuryl acetate Furfuryl alcohol; Furfuryl mercaptan; (2Furyl)-2-propanone; Fusel oil refined; Geraniol Geranyl acetate; Geranyl acetoacetate; Geranyl benzoate; Geranyl butyrate; Geranyl formate Geranyl hexanoate; Geranyl isobutyrate; Geranyl isovalerate; Geranyl phenylacetate; Geranyl propionate Glycerin; Gold n Flavor® 105-060 Table Grade Margarine; Guaiacol; Guaiacyl phenylacetate; γ-Heptalactone Heptanal; Heptanal dimethyl acetal; Heptanal glyceryl acetal (mixed 1,2 and 1,3 acetals); 2,3-Heptanedione; 2-Heptanol 3-Heptanone; 4-Heptanone; Heptyl acetate; Heptyl alcohol; Heptyl butyrate Heptyl cinnamate; Heptyl formate; Heptyl isobutyrate; 3-Hexanol; 3-Hexanone cis-3-Hexenyl acetate; cis-3-Hexenyl butyrate; Hexyl 2-butenoate; Hexyl 2furoate; Hexyl isobutyrate N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; γ-Ionone; Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol; Isoamylamine Isoamyl benzoate; Isoamyl butyrate; Isoamyl cinnamate; Isoamyl formate; Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate Isoamyl 3-(2-furan) propionate; Isoamyl hexanoate; Isoamyl laurate; Isoamyl nonanoate; Isoamyl octanoate Isoamyl phenylacetate; Isoamyl propionate; Isoamyl pyruvate; Isoamyl salicylate; Isoborneol Isobornyl acetate; Isobornyl formate; Isobornyl isovalerate; Isobornyl propionate; Isobutyl acetate Isobutyl acetoacetate; Isobutyl alcohol; Isobutyl angelate; Isobutyl anthranilate; Isobutyl benzoate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Isobutyl butyrate; Isobutyl cinnamate; Isobutyl formate; Isobutyl-2furanpropionate; Isobutyl heptanoate Isobutyl hexanoate; Isobutyl isobutyrate; Isobutyl isovalerate; α-Isobutylphenethyl alcohol; Isobutyl phenylacetate Isobutyl propionate; Isobutyl salicylate; Isobutyric acid; Isoeugenol; Isoeugenyl ethyl ether Isoeugenyl phenylacetate; Methyl n-amyl ketone; Methyl ethyl ketone; Methyl eugenol; Methyl-2-hexenoate Methyl isoeugenol; Methyl jasmonate; 2Methylpentanal; 2-Methylpropanal; Methyl salicylate 5-Methyl-2-thiophenecarboxyaldehyde; Musk ambrette; Myrtenyl acetate; βNaphthyl ethyl ether; γ-Nonalactone trans-2-Nonen-1-ol; Phenol; Phenylacetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal; Phenyl disulfide; 1-Phenyl-1,2propanedione Pineapple Ketone, Natural; Pineapple Ketone Acetate, Natural; Propyl 2-fuorate; 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6-dimethylbenzofuran; Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1propenyl)-2H-pyran Triacetin; 2-Tridecanone; 2,3,5Trimethylpyrazine; Undecylenic acid flavor, candy bars Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor, canned foods Disodium guanylate; Gluconolactone flavor, canned meat prods. Caramel flavor, canning ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF; Glucose flavor, caramel Gold n Flavor® 105-060 Table Grade Margarine; Phosphoric acid flavor, carbonated beverages Quinine; Quinine dihydrochloride; Quinine hydrochloride; Quinine sulfate; Quinine sulfate dihydrate flavor carrier, confectionery TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic White 3871 Powd. flavor carrier, marshmallows TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic White 3871 Powd. 2318

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, carrot: baby foods Carrot Flakes Trobana® flavor, carrot: cakes Carrot Flakes Trobana® flavor, carrot: drinks Carrot Flakes Trobana®; Carrot Flakes Trobana® flavor, carrot: dry fruit preps. Carrot Flakes Trobana® flavor, carrot: soft-food diets Carrot Flakes Trobana® flavor, carrot: soups Carrot Flakes Trobana® flavor, carrot: vegetable preps. Carrot Flakes Trobana® flavor, catsup Tomato Key - 1, Natural; Tomato Key - 2, Natural flavor, cereal prods. Cocoa Powder Dark Brown Alkalized; VegCon Carrot flavor, cereals Amaranthus cruentus; Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; Butyrolactone; o-Cresol; Cyclopentanethiol Defatted Wheat Germ #1; Defatted Wheat Germ #2; Defatted Wheat Germ #5; Defatted Wheat Germ #6; Defatted Wheat Germ #8 p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; 2-Ethyl-3,5(6)dimethylpyrazine; Flo-Malt®; 3-Hexanone; Hydrogen sulfide 5-Methyl-2-thiophenecarboxyaldehyde; 2Naphthalenethiol; Puffed Amaranth; 2,3,5Trimethylpyrazine; DL-α-Tryptophan Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ flavor, cheeses Ammonium isovalerate; Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; Exter™ Family; Lactic acid; 2-Methylbutyric acid Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium chloride; Sodium propionate flavor, cheeses: food CPF™; FDF™ flavor, cheese spreads Bakers yeast extract flavor, cherry α-Ionol; Sodium metabisulfite flavor, cherry formulation Ethyl heptanoate flavor, chewing gum Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; Acetaldehyde; Acetanisole; Acetic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Acetisoeugenol; Acetophenone; Alcohol; Allyl caproate; Allyl cyclohexanepropionate Allyl heptanoate; n-Amyl alcohol; Amyl butyrate; α-Amylcinnamaldehyde; αAmylcinnamyl acetate α-Amylcinnamyl alcohol; α-Amylcinnamyl formate; α-Amylcinnamyl isovalerate; Amyl formate; Amyl heptanoate Amyl hexanoate; Anethole; p-Anisyl acetate; Benzaldehyde; Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal Benzoic acid; Benzyl acetate; Benzyl acetoacetate; Benzyl alcohol; Benzyl benzoate Benzyl butyrate; Benzyl cinnamate; Benzyl ether; Benzyl formate; Benzyl isovalerate Benzyl propionate; BHA; DL-Borneol; Bornyl acetate; n-Butyl acetate Butyl butyrate; Butyl 2-decenoate; Butyl isobutyrate; Butyl salicylate; Butyl 10undecenoate n-Butyric acid; Cadinene; β-Caryophyllene; 1,4-Cineole; Cinnamal Cinnamic acid; Cinnamyl acetate; Cinnamyl alcohol; Cinnamyl anthranilate; Cinnamyl formate Cinnamyl isovalerate; Cinnamyl propionate; Citral; Citric acid; Citronellal β-Citronellol; Citronellyl acetate; Citronellyl butyrate; Citronellyl formate; Citronellyl propionate Cuminaldehyde; β-Cyclocitral; Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; p-Cymene; Decanal Decyl acetate; Decyl alcohol; Diacetyl; Diethyl sebacate; Dihydrocoumarin Dihydro-β-ionone; Dimethylbenzyl carbinol; Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate; 2,6Dimethyl heptanol-4; Dimethyl succinate Estragole; Ethyl acetate; Ethylacetoacetate; Ethyl acrylate; Ethyl anthranilate p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; Ethyl benzoate; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate; Ethyl cinnamate 2-Ethyl fenchol; Ethyl heptanoate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl laurate Ethyl maltol; N-Ethyl-p-menthane-3carboxamide; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate; Ethyl nitrite; Ethyl octanoate Ethyl oxyhydrate; Ethyl pelargonate; Ethyl propionate; Ethyl salicylate; Ethyl valerate Ethyl vanillin; Eucalyptol; Eugenol; Eugenyl acetate; Frescolat® ML 2319

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Furfural; Furfuryl acetate; Fusel oil refined; Geraniol; Geranyl acetate Geranyl butyrate; Geranyl formate; Geranyl isobutyrate; Geranyl phenylacetate; Geranyl propionate Glycerin; Glyceryl oleate; 2,3-Heptanedione; 2-Heptanol; Heptyl cinnamate 2-Heptylfuran; Hexyl isobutyrate; Hexyl 2methylbutyrate; Hydrogen sulfide; NHydroxysuccinic acid Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol; Isoamyl benzoate; Isoamyl butyrate; Isoamyl formate Isoamyl isovalerate; Isoamyl propionate; Isoborneol; Isobutyl acetate; Isobutyl anthranilate Isobutyl butyrate; Isobutyl-2furanpropionate; Isobutyl hexanoate; Isobutyric acid; Isoeugenol Menthalactone; Menthol; Menthyl lactate; lMenthyl lactate; 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol 2-Methylbutyl acetate; Methyl isoeugenol; 2Methylpentanal; 4-Methylpentanoic acid; Methyl salicylate 5-Methyl-2-thiophenecarboxyaldehyde; Musk ambrette; Myrtenyl acetate; 3Octanol; Octyl 2-furoate Octyl 2-methylbutyrate; Pentyl 2-furyl ketone; Peppermint Oil 540; Phenylacetaldehyde; 4-Propylphenol Thaumatin; Theaspirane; Thiazole; o-Tolyl salicylate; Triacetin DL-α-Valine flavor, chicken Beef Booster, Natural; Exter™ Family; Gb Select®; Natural Chicken Key; Savorkey® Undecatriene flavor, chocolate Cocal Reaction Flavor, Natural; Ethyl vanillin; Furfuryl mercaptan; Malt extract; 2-Methylbutyric acid Pyrazine Mixture, Natural; Rhovanil™ ExtraPure flavor, chocolate chips: ice cream Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor, chocolate confectionery Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat; Cocoa Powder Natural; Cocoa Powder Natural - High Fat; Cocoa Powder Natural Medium Fat

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, chocolate milk Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat flavor, chocolate/mint candies Peppermint Oil 540 flavor, chocolate powders Rhovanil #174 Free Flow flavor, chorizo sausage Paprika (Capsicum annum) flavor, cigarettes γ-Bisabolene; 3-Butylidenephthalide flavor, citrus Myrcene Supra, FCC; Nerol/Geraniol 60/40, Natural; Neryl/Geranyl Acetates 60/40, Natural; Talin® flavor, citrus beverages Citrus Booster, Natural flavor, citrus: flavoring compounds Claigeon® flavor, citrus oils Nootkatone flavor, coatings Cocoa Powder Dark Brown Alkalized flavor, cocktail mixes Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311 Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320 flavor, cocoa Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; Pyrazine Mixture, Natural flavor, coconut 2-Tridecanone flavor, coffee Cocal Reaction Flavor, Natural; Difurfuryl disulfide; Ethyl furaneol; Furaneol acetate; Furfuryl mercaptan Guaiacyl acetate; Pineapple Ketone, Natural; Pineapple Ketone Acetate, Natural; Pyrazine Mixture, Natural flavor, coffee creamers Magnesium caseinate flavor, coffee whiteners Caramel; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Glyceryl oleate; Hodag® S-35 K; Polysorbate 60 flavor, cola Furaneol acetate; Pineapple Ketone, Natural; Pineapple Ketone Acetate, Natural 2320

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, cola beverages Caffeine; Phosphoric acid flavor, compound coatings Cocoa Powder Natural; Cocoa Powder Natural - High Fat; Cocoa Powder Natural Medium Fat flavor, condiments Acetic acid; 2-Acetylfuran; Adipic acid; Alcohol; Allyl disulfide Allyl isothiocyanate; Allyl mercaptan; Allyl sulfide; Ammonium alginate; Ammonium sulfide Amyl 2-furoate; Aromild®; L-Aspartic acid; n-Butyl mercaptan; Carboxymethylcellulose Carvacrol; β-Caryophyllene; Cinnamal; Cinnamaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal; Cinnamyl acetate Citral diethyl acetal; o-Cresol; Cuminaldehyde; Cyclopentanethiol; pCymene Diallyl trisulfide; Dihydrocarvyl acetate; Dipropyl trisulfide; Disodium guanylate; Estragole p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; 2-Ethyl-3,5(6)dimethylpyrazine; 2-Ethyl fenchol; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl vinyl ketone Eugenol; Eugenyl acetate; Eugenyl formate; Heptanal dimethyl acetal; Heptanal glyceryl acetal (mixed 1,2 and 1,3 acetals) Hexyl 2-furoate; Isoeugenol; Isoeugenyl formate; o-Isopropylphenol; Methyl n-amyl ketone Methyl disulfide; Methyl jasmonate; 4Methylpentanoic acid; 5-Methyl-2thiophenecarboxyaldehyde; 2-Nonanol DL-Phenylalanine; Propenyl propyl disulfide; Propylene glycol alginate; Propyl 2-fuorate; Resorcinol Thiogeraniol; Thiophenol; 3,5,5Trimethylhexan-1-ol; 2,3,5Trimethylpyrazine; L-Tyrosine 2,6-Xylenol flavor, confectionery ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF; l-Carvone β-Caryophyllene; Cetyl alcohol; Cinnamyl acetate; Cocal Reaction Flavor, Natural; Cuminaldehyde β-Cyclocitral; Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; p-Cymene; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mono- and diglycerides; Dicyclohexyl disulfide Dihydro-β-ionone; Dimethyl anthranilate; 2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde; Dodecyl isobutyrate; p-Ethylbenzaldehyde Ethyl crotonate; Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate; Ethyl maltol; NEthyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide; Ethyl stearate Ethyl undecanoate; Eucalyptol; Eugenyl acetate; Glucose; Hexyl 2-methylbutyrate Hexyl phenylacetate; Hydrogen sulfide; Isoamyl isovalerate; Isoeugenol; Isopropyl alcohol Lactic acid; Linalyl phenylacetate; Maltyl isobutyrate; Menthalactone; Menthol 3-Methyl-2-butanol; 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol; 2-Methylbutyl acetate; Methyl nicotinate; 3Methylpentanoic acid 4-Methylpentanoic acid; Methyl sorbate; Myrtenol; Myrtenyl acetate; cis-6-Nonen-1ol cis-3-Octen-1-ol; Octyl 2-furoate; Octyl 2methylbutyrate; Phenylacetaldehyde; Potassium lactate Praline Reaction Flavor, Natural; Propiophenone; 4-Propylphenol; Purac® LM 25 HiPure; Quinoline Rhovanil #174 Fine Mesh; Rhovanil #174 Free Flow; Rhovanil™ Extra-Pure; Sodium propionate; Sorbogem™ Theobromine; Thiogeraniol; N,2,3Trimethyl-2-isopropylbutamide; DL-αValine; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets WS-23, Artificial; Winsense™-3; Winsense™ Extra 400; Winsense™ Extra 500; WinSense WS-23 flavor, confectionery coatings Polysorbate 60 flavor, cookies Gold n Flavor® 105-060 Table Grade Margarine; Puffed Amaranth; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets flavor, cooking oils Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract flavor, cough drops Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal flavor, crackers Bread Crust Note, Natural; Defatted Wheat Germ #1; Defatted Wheat Germ #2;

2321

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Defatted Wheat Germ #5; Defatted Wheat Germ #6 Defatted Wheat Germ #8; Pea (Pisum sativum); Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets flavor, cream Butter acids; Butyl alcohol; Cocoa Powder Natural; Cocoa Powder Natural - High Fat; Cocoa Powder Natural - Medium Fat 2-Methylbutyric acid; Soda Phos (FG) flavor, cream cheese Butter acids flavor, cream of tartar L-Tartaric acid flavor, crunchy frozen novelty coatings Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor, cucumber Melon Key, Natural; 2-trans,6-cisNonadienol; Undecatriene flavor, cultured dairy prods. Lactic acid flavor, cured meats Disodium inosinate; Gluconolactone; Malt extract flavor, currant Ethyl heptanoate flavor, custard Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat; Egg White Solids Type P-21 flavor, dairy: buttermilk CDF™; NDF™ flavor, dairy: condensed milk CDF™; NDF™ flavor, dairy: cream CDF™; NDF™ flavor, dairy: milk prods. CDF™; NDF™ flavor, dairy mixes Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat flavor, dairy prods. Adipic acid; Alcohol; Benzothiazole; Butyrolactone; Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat; Cyclopentanethiol; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Dihydroβ-ionone Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; pEthylbenzaldehyde; 2-Ethyl-3,5(6)dimethylpyrazine; 2-Ethyl fenchol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ethyl vinyl ketone; Flo-Malt®; Gluconolactone; 2-Heptylfuran; 3-Hexanone Hydrogen sulfide; 4-Methylpentanoic acid; Myrtenol; Octyl 2-methylbutyrate; Pentyl 2furyl ketone Pentyl 2-furyl ketone; Potassium caseinate; Thaumatin; Theaspirane; Theobromine 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine; γ-Valerolactone; DL-α-Valine; Winsense™ Extra 400; Winsense™ Extra 500 flavor, dairy: sour cream CDF™; NDF™ flavor, dairy: yogurt CDF™; NDF™ flavor, Danish pastries Gold n Flavor® 105-060 Table Grade Margarine flavor, dessert gels Allyl octanoate; Isoamyl butyrate flavor, dessert mixes Gluconolactone flavor development aid, food ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids flavor, dips Blue Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural; Cheddar Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural; Flavourcin™ 1500; 2-Heptanol; 2-Nonanol Veg-Con Carrot flavor dispersant, pickles Canarcel TW 80; Liposorb O-20 flavor, donuts Defatted Wheat Germ #2; Defatted Wheat Germ #5; Defatted Wheat Germ #6; Defatted Wheat Germ #8 flavor, dressings Amaranthus cruentus; Cheddar Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303 Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320; Polysorbate 60 Superfine Ground Mustard; Tomato Key - 1, Natural; Tomato Key - 2, Natural; Veg-Con Carrot flavor, drinks 2,3-Diethylpyrazine; Passion Fruit Powder Trobana®; Passion Fruit Powder Trobana® 2322

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, dry beverage mixes Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate flavor, dry fish Sorbic acid flavor, dry fruit preps. Banana Flakes Trobana®; Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana®; Passion Fruit Powder Trobana® flavor, dry-mix beverages N-Hydroxysuccinic acid flavor, dry-mix sauces Novation® 6600 flavor, dry-mix soups Novation® 6600 flavor, dry mushroom: food Mushroom Booster, Natural flavor, dry-roasted nuts Sorbogem™ flavor, earthy Morillol® flavor, edible oils Adipic acid flavor, effervescent beverages L-Tartaric acid flavor, egg prods. Hydrogen sulfide; Soda Phos (FG) flavor, emulsified sauces Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides flavor, English muffins Tang flavor enhancer Anhydrous Citric Acid; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Curafos® 11-2; E-Z 1; Hydrolyzed collagen Magnasweet® 110; Magnasweet® 115; Magnasweet® 118; Magnasweet® 120; Magnasweet® 125 Magnasweet® 135; Magnasweet® 136; Magnasweet® 150; Magnasweet® 165; Magnasweet® 180 Magnasweet® 185; Oxyfos™; Scogin™ LV; Scogin™ MV; SeaKem® GP-418 Sunmalt; Thermal Select 75%/80%/85% (FG) flavor enhancer, alcoholic beverages Ethyl maltol flavor enhancer, aq. foods Novation® 1600 flavor enhancer, artificial fruit essences Ethyl isovalerate flavor enhancer, artificial sweeteners Magnasweet® Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor enhancer, aseptic puddings Novation® 2300; Novation® 8300; Novation® 9230 flavor enhancer, bacon Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract flavor enhancer, baked goods Acetic acid; ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF Ammonium glycyrrhizinate; Benzyl cinnamate; Bionature® Light Liquid Molasses; Citral; Citric acid Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; Dri-Mol® 60; Dri-Mol® 604; Dri-Mol® Flake Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl maltol; Fenchyl alcohol Flo-Malt®; Furfuryl acetate; Honi-Bake®; Honi-Bake® 705; Honi-Flake Honi-Flake 705; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Linalyl phenylacetate; Mold-Out®; Neotame Sodium chloride; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder; LTartaric acid; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour flavor enhancer, bakery prods. BarFlex® 171; Maltol flavor enhancer, baking powder L-Tartaric acid flavor enhancer, barbecue sauces Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor enhancer, batter mixes Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 flavor enhancer, BBQ sauces Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast flavor enhancer, beer Bromelain; Trehalose flavor enhancer, beer-brewing Ammonium chloride flavor enhancer, beer-making Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate flavor enhancer, beer malting Potassium chloride flavor enhancer, berries Fructose flavor enhancer, beverages Acetic acid; Alcohol Warming - 3, Natural; Alcohol Warming - 4, Natural; Alcohol Warming - 5, Natural; Alcohol Warming - 6, Natural 2323

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ammonium glycyrrhizinate; Aspartame; Benzyl cinnamate; Citral; Citric Acid, USP FCC Anhydrous Granular Citric acid; Citric Acid Anhyd.FG; Citric Acid Anhyd.GR; Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl maltol; Ethyl-4phenylbutyrate Fenchyl alcohol; Furfuryl acetate; Glycine; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract Linalyl phenylacetate; Neotame; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil; Potassium citrate; Succinic acid Sucralose; Sweet'n'Neat® 65; Talin®; Trisodium citrate flavor enhancer, biscuits Expresa® 2200 flavor enhancer, blended cheeses MicroGARD® MG 100 flavor enhancer, blended meats MicroGARD® MG 400 flavor enhancer, bologna Emser® 555; Hydrolyzed vegetable protein; Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast flavor enhancer, breading mixes Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 flavor enhancer, breads Bromelain; Dri-Mol® 60; Mold-Out®; Trehalose flavor enhancer, breakfast drinks Aqualon® 7LXF; Aqualon® 9H4XF flavor enhancer, butter Sodium chloride flavor enhancer, butter: butter sauces for frozen vegetables Crystal Gum™ flavor enhancer, cakes Cake Flavor Enhancer; Maltisweet™ 3145; Mold-Out® flavor enhancer, candy Acetic acid; Ammonium glycyrrhizinate; Benzyl cinnamate; Citral; Citric acid Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl-4-phenylbutyrate; Fenchyl alcohol Flo-Malt®; Furfuryl acetate; NHydroxysuccinic acid; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor enhancer, canned fish Novation® 1600 flavor enhancer, canned foods Disodium guanylate flavor enhancer, canned vegetables Novation® 1600 flavor enhancer, canning ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF flavor enhancer, cassler Oxipur flavor enhancer, cereals Bromelain; Flo-Malt®; Neotame; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder flavor enhancer, cheddar cheese FloAm® 500 CF flavor enhancer, cheeses Ammonium citrate dibasic; Delvo-Add™; Esterase-lipase; Lactic acid; Sodium chloride flavor enhancer, chewing gum Acetic acid; Aspartame; Benzyl cinnamate; Citral; Citric acid Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl maltol; Furfuryl acetate N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Maltisweet™ 3145; Neotame; Thaumatin Zinc acetate flavor enhancer, chunked/formed meats Lem-O-Fos® 101 flavor enhancer, citrus flavors Talin® flavor enhancer, cold water-soluble food Metarin™ 436 flavor enhancer, compd. coatings Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 flavor enhancer, condiments Acetic acid; Disodium guanylate; Ethyl isovalerate; Succinic acid flavor enhancer, confectionery ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF; Algin BarFlex® 171; Ethyl maltol; Glycyrrhizic acid; Lactic acid; Linalyl phenylacetate MicroGARD® MG 100; MicroGARD® MG 300; Neotame; Potassium lactate; Trisodium citrate Xylitol CFP

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor enhancer, cooked beef Purasal® S/SP 60 flavor enhancer, cooked meat prods. Lem-O-Fos® 101; Oxipur flavor enhancer, cookies Maltisweet™ 3145 flavor enhancer, cook-up home preps. Novation® 2600; Novation® 9260 flavor enhancer, cottage cheese MicroGARD® MG 100 flavor enhancer, cream Soda Phos (FG) flavor enhancer, cream centers Maltisweet™ 3145 flavor enhancer, cream of tartar L-Tartaric acid flavor enhancer, cultured dairy prods. Lactic acid flavor enhancer, cured meat Disodium inosinate flavor enhancer, dairy prods. Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; Flo-Malt®; MicroGARD® MG 100; Novation® 2700 Novation® 3300; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9270; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000 Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000; Thaumatin flavor enhancer, dark meaty flavors Expresa® 2200 flavor enhancer, dessert cups MicroGARD® MG 300 flavor enhancer, desserts Dri-Mol® 604; Novation® 2700; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9270 flavor enhancer, dietary supplements Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract flavor enhancer, dietietic prods. Xylitol CFP flavor enhancer, dips MicroGARD® MG 100; Novation® 2300; Novation® 8300; Novation® 9230 flavor enhancer, dough conditioners Ixper® 60 C Calcium Peroxide FCC; Ixper® 75 C Calcium Peroxide FCC flavor enhancer, doughnuts Mold-Out® flavor enhancer, dressings Superfine Ground Mustard flavor enhancer, dried fruit Maltisweet™ 3145 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor enhancer, dry-mix beverages N-Hydroxysuccinic acid flavor enhancer, dry mixes Novation® 2700; Novation® 9270 flavor enhancer, dry-mix sauces Novation® 1900 flavor enhancer, dry-mix soups Novation® 1900 flavor enhancer, dry technology food applics. Sweet'N'Neat® 7000 Dry Malt Flakes flavor enhancer, dry technology foods Sweet'N'Neat® Dry Raisin Flakes flavor enhancer, effervescent beverages L-Tartaric acid flavor enhancer, eggs Soda Phos (FG) flavor enhancer, fabricated potato prods. Novation® 1600 flavor enhancer, fat-free applics. Superfine Ground Mustard flavor enhancer, fats Esterase-lipase; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid flavor enhancer, fats/oils Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate flavor enhancer, fermented milk applics. Delvo-Add™ flavor enhancer, fillings Maltisweet™ 3145 flavor enhancer, final beverages DP 313; DP 325; DP 363 flavor enhancer, fish Disodium inosinate flavor enhancer, flavored sauces Novation® 2700; Novation® 9270 flavor enhancer, food Acetic acid; ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids; Agnique GLY 96; Agnique GLY 99-U; Ajitide™ GMP; Ajitide™ I+G Ajitide™ IMP; Algin; Ammonium chloride; Ammonium citrate dibasic; Ammonium glycyrrhizate Ammonium glycyrrhizinate; Aspartame; Benzyl cinnamate; Bromelain; Calcium chloride Calcium glutamate; Calcium 5´-guanylate; Calcium 5´-inosinate; Calcium lactate; Calcium 5´-ribonucleotides

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Canola oil glyceride; Citral; Citric Acid, USP FCC Anhydrous Granular; Citric acid; Citric Acid Anhyd.FG Citric Acid Anhyd.GR; Cold Pressed Grapefruit Oil; Cold Pressed Orange Oil; LCysteine; Dipotassium 5´-guanylate Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; Eastman® Propionic Acid, Food Grade, Kosher; Emery® 917; Ethyl butyrate Ethyl caproate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl maltol; Ethyl-4-phenylbutyrate; Fenchyl alcohol Ficin; Furfuryl acetate; Gistex®; L-Glutamic acid; Glycine Glycyrrhizic acid; Guanylic acid; Hydrolyzed protein; Hydrolyzed vegetable protein; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid Inosinic acid; Inulin; Lactic acid; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra); Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Linalyl phenylacetate; Magnesium glutamate; Magnesium sulfate anhydrous; Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Maltisweet™ 3145; Maltol; Maxarome® Premium; Methyl cinnamate; 2-Methyl-2pentenoic acid trans-2-Methyl-2-pentenoic acid; MicroGARD® MG 300; MicroGARD® MG 400; MSG; Novation® 2300 Novation® 2600; Novation® 2700; Novation® 4600; Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC Novation® 8300; Novation® 9260; Novation® 9270; Novation® 9460; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil Oxipur; Papain; Pationic® 1233; Pationic® 1240; Pationic® 1250 Potassium chloride; Potassium citrate; Potassium glutamate; Potassium inosinate; Potassium lactate Propenylguaethol; Protease; Purasal® S/SP 60; Sodium chloride; Sodium fumarate Sodium lactate; Succinic acid; Sweet'n'Neat® 50; Talin®; Tannic acid L-Tartaric acid; Thaumatin; Trisodium citrate flavor enhancer, food bars BarFlex® 171 flavor enhancer, food processing Eastman® Glacial Acetic Acid Food Grade, Kosher Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor enhancer, fortified beverages BarFlex® 171 flavor enhancer, fresh beef Lem-O-Fos® 101 flavor enhancer, fresh pork Lem-O-Fos® 101 flavor enhancer, fresh salsas MicroGARD® MG 300 flavor enhancer, fresh soups MicroGARD® MG 100 flavor enhancer, frostings Algin flavor enhancer, frozen desserts Maltisweet™ 3145; Neotame flavor enhancer, frozen patties/fillets/minced fish Lem-O-Fos® 101 flavor enhancer, fruit drink mixes Aqualon® 9H4XF flavor enhancer, fruit fillings Novation® 2300; Novation® 8300; Novation® 9230 flavor enhancer, fruit flavors Maltisweet™ 3145 flavor enhancer, fruit glazes Grindsted™ Carrageenan CW 100; Grindsted™ PECTIN LB 401 flavor enhancer, fruit juices Algin; MicroGARD® MG 200 flavor enhancer, fruits Fructose; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid flavor enhancer, fudge Maltisweet™ 3145 flavor enhancer, full-fat items Emser® 555 flavor enhancer, gelatin Algin; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid flavor enhancer, gelatin desserts L-Tartaric acid flavor enhancer, gravies Disodium inosinate; Lake States Autolyzed Type B; Novation® 2600; Novation® 2700; Novation® 8600 Novation® 9260; Novation® 9270 flavor enhancer, gummi candies Maltisweet™ 3145 flavor enhancer, half & half Soda Phos (FG) flavor enhancer, ham Disodium inosinate; EM 25; Oxipur

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor enhancer, hard candies Algin; Clearsweet® 43% High Maltose; Clearsweet® 50% High Maltose; Ethyl maltol; Maltisweet™ 3145 flavor enhancer, health bars Maltisweet™ 3145 flavor enhancer, health foods Dri-Mol® Flake; Honi-Flake flavor enhancer, herbs Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract flavor enhancer, highly acidic systems Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230 flavor enhancer, high-temp. processed foods Autolyzed yeast flavor enhancer, home prep. cook-ups Novation® 8600 flavor enhancer, honey Trehalose flavor enhancer, hot dogs Emser® 555; Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast; SAPP-NL flavor enhancer, hot sausages Succinic acid flavor enhancer, ice cream Acetic acid; Algin; Benzyl cinnamate; Citral; Citric acid Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate; Ethyl isovalerate Ethyl maltol; Fenchyl alcohol; Furfuryl acetate; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Linalyl phenylacetate Neotame; Soda Phos (FG) flavor enhancer, infant formulas Potassium chloride flavor enhancer, jams Maltisweet™ 3145; Potassium lactate flavor enhancer, jams/jellies N-Hydroxysuccinic acid flavor enhancer, jellies Ethyl caproate; Maltisweet™ 3145; Potassium lactate flavor enhancer, juices Activera™ 1-1 UA (Unfiltered) flavor enhancer, lard N-Hydroxysuccinic acid flavor enhancer, liver prods. EM 25 flavor enhancer, low-calorie bakery pie fillings Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor enhancer, low-fat prods. Emser® 555; Novation® 1900; Superfine Ground Mustard flavor enhancer, lowfat prods. MicroGARD® MG 200; MicroGARD® MG 400 flavor enhancer, low-salt formulations Maxarome® Plus; Maxarome® Standard flavor enhancer, luncheon meats EM 25; SAPP-NL flavor enhancer, margarine Emulfluid® E; Potassium lactate flavor enhancer, marinades Lake States Autolyzed Type B flavor enhancer, marmalade Potassium lactate flavor enhancer, meat Ammonium glutamate; Bromelain; Disodium guanylate; Ethyl maltol; MSG Nutrifos® 100; Potassium glutamate; Soda Phos (FG); Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000 Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor enhancer, meat loaves EM 25 flavor enhancer, meat marinades Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast flavor enhancer, meat/poultry prods. EM 25 flavor enhancer, meat prods. Emser® 555; Emser® 736; Potassium citrate; Succinic acid flavor enhancer, miso Succinic acid flavor enhancer, mixes Dri-Mol® 604; Flo-Malt®; Honi-Bake®; HoniBake® 705; Sweet'n'Neat® 65 Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder flavor enhancer, natural foods Sweet'n'Neat® 3000 flavor enhancer, nonalcoholic beverages Ammonium citrate dibasic; NHydroxysuccinic acid flavor enhancer, nonfat pasteurized processed cheeses Gelcarin® GP-911NF flavor enhancer, nonnutritive sweeteners PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9; PEG-10 PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20; PEG-32

2327

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG-150; PEG180 Polyethylene glycol flavor enhancer, nut blends Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 flavor enhancer, nut coatings Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 flavor enhancer, nutrition bars BarFlex® 171 flavor enhancer, nuts Sodium chloride flavor enhancer, oatmeal bread Ry-Fla-Vor flavor enhancer, oils Esterase-lipase flavor enhancer, olives Lactic acid flavor enhancer, organic foods Novation® 9230; Novation® 9260; Novation® 9270 flavor enhancer, pancake syrups Maltisweet™ 3145 flavor enhancer, pan coatings Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 flavor enhancer, pasta/pizza sauces MicroGARD® MG 200; MicroGARD® MG 300 flavor enhancer, pastas MicroGARD® MG 200 flavor enhancer, pasteurized prods. Novation® 1600 flavor enhancer, pasteurized puddings Novation® 3600 flavor enhancer, peanut butter Dimodan® PVP Kosher; Myverol® 18-04; Myverol® 18-99 flavor enhancer, pear flavors Pear Enhancer, Natural flavor enhancer, pet foods Thaumatin flavor enhancer, pickles Lumisorb™ PSMO-20K flavor enhancer, pie dough crusts Pie Dough Culture flavor enhancer, pita bread Mold-Out® flavor enhancer, pizza crusts Crestaflake; Mold-Out® flavor enhancer, potatoes: sauces Potato Enhancer - 1, Natural flavor enhancer, potatoes: snack foods Potato Enhancer - 1, Natural Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor enhancer, potatoes: soups Potato Enhancer - 1, Natural flavor enhancer, poultry Ammonium glutamate; Bromelain; Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; Lactic acid MSG; Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium chloride flavor enhancer, poultry prods. Emser® 555; Emser® 736; Oxipur; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000 Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor enhancer, processed cheeses Potassium citrate; Soda Phos (FG) flavor enhancer, processed foods Sucralose flavor enhancer, processed meats Novation® 1600; Nutrifos® 100 flavor enhancer, processed poultry Emser® 736 flavor enhancer, puddings Acetic acid; Benzyl cinnamate; Disodium guanylate; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl maltol; NHydroxysuccinic acid; Linalyl phenylacetate; Novation® 2700 Novation® 9270 flavor enhancer, refrigerated dips MicroGARD® MG 400 flavor enhancer, refrigerated salad dressings MicroGARD® MG 200; MicroGARD® MG 300; MicroGARD® MG 400 flavor enhancer, refrigerated sauces MicroGARD® MG 400 flavor enhancer, relishes Succinic acid flavor enhancer, rendered fats Glycine flavor enhancer, retorted soups Novation® 2600; Novation® 8600; Novation® 9260 flavor enhancer, rolls Mold-Out® flavor enhancer, salad dressings Lake States Autolyzed Type B; Novation® 2300; Novation® 8300; Novation® 9230 flavor enhancer, salami Hydrolyzed vegetable protein flavor enhancer, salty taste Salt Enhancer, Natural, Kosher

2328

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor enhancer, sauces Algin; Disodium guanylate; Expresa® 2200; Gistex® XII; Honi-Bake® Honi-Bake® 705; Hydrolyzed vegetable protein; Lake States Autolyzed Type B; Maltisweet™ 3145; MicroGARD® MG 100 MSG; Novation® 2300; Novation® 2700; Novation® 3600; Novation® 8300 Novation® 9230; Novation® 9270; Raisin juice concentrate; Superfine Ground Mustard; Sweet'n'Neat® 65 Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000 flavor enhancer, sauces mixes Hydrolyzed vegetable protein flavor enhancer, sausages Disodium inosinate; EM 25; Emser® 736 flavor enhancer, savory flavors Thaumatin flavor enhancer, savory foods Expresa® 2200; Gistex® XII; Maxarome® Plus; Maxarome® Standard flavor enhancer, savory packet mixes Hydrolyzed vegetable protein flavor enhancer, seafood Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG); Trehalose flavor enhancer, seasoning rubs Lake States Autolyzed Type B; Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast flavor enhancer, seasonings Algae; Algae, brown; Algae, red; Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract flavor enhancer, shortening N-Hydroxysuccinic acid flavor enhancer, smoked sausages Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast flavor enhancer, snack foods Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; Honi-Bake®; Honi-Bake® 705; Hydrolyzed vegetable protein Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder flavor enhancer, snack seasonings Expresa® 2200 flavor enhancer, soft candy Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate flavor enhancer, soft confectionery Maltisweet™ 3145 flavor enhancer, soft drinks Potassium citrate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor enhancer, soup bases Hydrolyzed keratin; Lake States Autolyzed Type B flavor enhancer, soups Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; Ethyl maltol; Gistex® XII; MicroGARD® MG 200 MicroGARD® MG 300; MicroGARD® MG 400; MSG; Novation® 2700; Novation® 3600 Novation® 9270 flavor enhancer, sour cream Novation® 3600 flavor enhancer, soy sauce Succinic acid flavor enhancer, spices Algae; Algae, brown; Algae, red flavor enhancer, sports beverages Maltisweet™ 3145 flavor enhancer, stocks Gistex® XII flavor enhancer, stuffing Hydrolyzed vegetable protein flavor enhancer, sugar-free chewing gum Xylitol CFP flavor enhancer, sugar-free formulas Sweetness Enhancer - 1, Natural; Sweetness Enhancer - 2, Natural flavor enhancer, sugar-free fruit preps. Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 flavor enhancer, sweeteners: pickling mixts. DL-Alanine flavor enhancer, syrups Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract flavor enhancer, table syrups Soda Phos (FG) flavor enhancer, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) flavor enhancer, tabletop sweeteners Neotame flavor enhancer, tongues Oxipur flavor enhancer, toppings Algin flavor enhancer, tortillas Mold-Out® flavor enhancer, umami sensation: gravies Lake States Autolyzed Type P flavor enhancer, umami sensation: marinades Lake States Autolyzed Type P flavor enhancer, umami sensation: salad dressings Lake States Autolyzed Type P 2329

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor enhancer, umami sensation: sauces Lake States Autolyzed Type P flavor enhancer, umami sensation: seasoning rubs Lake States Autolyzed Type P flavor enhancer, umami sensation: soup bases Lake States Autolyzed Type P flavor enhancer, variety breads Honi-Bake®; Ry-Fla-Vor flavor enhancer, vegetables Soda Phos (FG) flavor enhancer, wet salads MicroGARD® MG 300 flavor enhancer, wheat bread Ry-Fla-Vor flavor enhancer, whey Soda Phos (FG) flavor enhancer, whole muscle items Emser® 736 flavor enhancer, wine Bromelain; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Lactic acid flavor enhancer, yeast-leavened baked goods/mixes L-Cysteine flavor enhancer, yogurt MicroGARD® MG 100; Neotame; Novation® 3300; Novation® 3600 flavor, enriched flours Thiamine HCl flavor, essence formulations Ethyl isobutyrate flavor, essential oils Arabinogalactan flavor extender, baked goods Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor extender, barbecue sauces Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor extender, candy Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor extender, dairy prods. Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor extender, dry technology food applics. Sweet'N'Neat® 7000 Dry Malt Flakes flavor extender, meat Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor extender, mixes Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 flavor extender, poultry prods. Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, extracts Glycerin flavor, extruded dough prods. Tang flavor, fat-free applics. Superfine Ground Mustard flavor, fats Adipic acid; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid flavor, fats/oils Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; Hydrogen sulfide; Propylene glycol alginate; Tributyrin flavor, feed L-Serine flavor, fillings Gold n Flavor® 105-060 Table Grade Margarine; Sorbogem™; Tributyrin flavor, fish Aromild®; Beef Booster, Natural; Disodium inosinate; Exter™ Family; D-Ribose flavor, fish burgers Novation® 6600 flavor, fish prods. Gluconolactone; Hydrogen sulfide flavor, flavor bases Arabinogalactan flavor, flavor blends Verbenol flavor, flavoring compd. formulations Ethyl isobutyrate flavor, flour Amaranthus cruentus flavor, flour blends Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #9 flavor, food Acacia; Acetal; Acetaldehyde; Acetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal; Acetanisole Acetic acid; Acetisoeugenol; Acetone; Acetophenone; 4-(p-Acetoxyphenyl)-2butanone 2-Acetylfuran; 3-Acetylpyridine; 2Acetylpyrrole; Adipic acid; ADM Clintose® Dextrose A ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF; Agar; Alcohol Allyl anthranilate; Allyl butyrate; Allyl caproate; Allyl cinnamate; Allyl cyclohexaneacetate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate; Allyl cyclohexanehexanoate; Allyl cyclohexanepropionate; Allyl cyclohexanevalerate; Allyl disulfide Allyl 2-ethylbutyrate; Allyl 2-furoate; Allyl heptanoate; Allyl α-ionone; Allyl isothiocyanate Allyl isovalerate; Allyl mercaptan; Allyl nonanoate; Allyl octanoate; Allyl phenoxyacetate Allyl phenylacetate; Allyl propionate; Allyl sorbate; Allyl sulfide; Allyl tiglate Allyl 10-undecenoate; Aloe Vera Gel Spray Dried Powd.; Ammonium alginate; Ammonium glycyrrhizate; Ammonium glycyrrhizinate Ammonium isovalerate; n-Amyl alcohol; Amyl butyrate; α-Amylcinnamaldehyde; αAmylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal α-Amylcinnamyl acetate; α-Amylcinnamyl alcohol; α-Amylcinnamyl formate; αAmylcinnamyl isovalerate; Amyl formate Amylfuran; Amyl 2-furoate; Amyl heptanoate; Amyl hexanoate; Amyl 2methylbutyrate Amyl octanoate; Anethole; trans-Anethole; Anethole Extra USP 21/22, FCC; pAnisaldehyde Anisole; p-Anisyl acetate; p-Anisyl alcohol; Anisyl butyrate; Anisyl formate Anisyl phenylacetate; Anisyl propionate; Annatto (Bixa orellana); Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; Arabinogalactan L-Arginine; Arginine glutamate; Arlac P®; Arlac S®; L-Ascorbic acid L-Ascorbic acid; L-Asparagine; L-Aspartic acid; Bakers yeast extract; Banana Powder - Trofi Trobana® Beeswax; Beeswax SP 6; Beeswax SP 11; Beeswax SP 44; Beeswax SP 45 Beeswax SP 139W; Beeswax SP 139Y; Beeswax SP 154 ISO Beeswax®; Beeswax SP 420; Beeswax SP 422 Beeswax SP 424; Beeswax SP 426; Beeswax, white; Beeswax, yellow; Benzaldehyde Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal; Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal; Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal; Benzoic acid; Benzoin

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Benzophenone; Benzothiazole; Benzyl acetate; Benzyl acetoacetate; Benzyl alcohol Benzyl benzoate; Benzyl butyl ether; Benzyl butyrate; Benzyl cinnamate; Benzyl crotonate Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate; Benzyl dipropyl ketone; Benzyl ether; Benzyl ethyl ether; Benzyl formate Benzyl isobutyrate; Benzyl isovalerate; Benzyl mercaptan; Benzyl methoxyethyl acetal; Benzyl-2-methylbutyrate Benzyl phenylacetate; Benzyl propionate; Benzylsalicylate; Benzyl tiglate; BHA γ-Bisabolene; DL-Borneol; Bornyl acetate; Bornyl formate; Bornyl isovalerate Bornyl valerate; Brominated vegetable oil; Butter acids; Butter Booster, Natural; Butter esters n-Butyl acetate; Butyl acetoacetate; Butyl alcohol; Butyl anthranilate; Butyl butyrate Butyl butyryl lactate; αButylcinnamaldehyde; Butyl cinnamate; Butyl crotonate; Butyl 2-decenoate Butyl ethyl malonate; Butyl formate; Butyl heptanoate; Butyl hexanoate; 3Butylidenephthalide Butyl isobutyrate; n-Butyl isovalerate; Butyl lactate; Butyl laurate; Butyl levulinate n-Butyl mercaptan; N-Butyl-2methylbutyrate; Butyloxepanone; Butylparaben; Butyl phenylacetate n-Butyl propionate; Butyl salicylate; Butyl sorbate; Butyl sulfide; Butyl 10undecenoate Butyl valerate; n-Butyraldehyde; Butyraldehyde diethyl acetal; Butyraldehyde propylene glycol acetal; nButyric acid Butyrolactone; Cadinene; Calcium lactate; Calcium stearate; Camphene Cantaloupe Melon Treattarome 9726; Capric acid; Caprylic acid; Caramel; Carboxymethylcellulose Carvacrol; Carvacryl ethyl ether; Carveol; 4Carvomenthenol; Carvone d-Carvone; l-Carvone; Carvyl acetate; Carvyl propionate; β-Caryophyllene Chemstat® G-118/52; 1,4-Cineole; Cinnamal; Cinnamaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal; Cinnamic acid

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract; Cinnamon Oil 950; Cinnamyl acetate; Cinnamyl alcohol; Cinnamyl anthranilate Cinnamyl butyrate; Cinnamyl cinnamate; Cinnamyl formate; Cinnamyl isobutyrate; Cinnamyl isovalerate Cinnamyl phenylacetate; Cinnamyl propionate; Citral; Citral diethyl acetal; Citreatt Lemon 3123 Citreatt Lemon 6122; Citreatt Lime 3135; Citreatt Lime 6134; Citreatt Orange 3111; Citreatt Orange 6110 Citric acid; Citrofol® AI; Citrofol® BII; Citronellal; Citronellol 96 FCC Citronellol AJ FCC; β-Citronellol; Citronellyl acetate; Citronellyl butyrate; Citronellyl formate Citronellyl isobutyrate; Citronellyl isovalerate; Citronellyl phenylacetate; Citronellyl propionate; Citronellyl valerate 42/43 Corn Syrup; m-Cresol; o-Cresol; pCresol; p-Cresyl isovalerate p-Cresyl octanoate; Cuminaldehyde; βCyclocitral; Cyclohexaneacetic acid; Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Cyclohexyl acetate; Cyclohexyl anthranilate; Cyclohexyl butyrate; Cyclohexyl cinnamate; Cyclohexylethyl acetate Cyclohexyl formate; Cyclohexyl isovalerate; Cyclohexyl propionate; Cyclopentanethiol; p-Cymene β-Damascenone; δ-Decalactone; γDecalactone; Decanal; Decanal dimethyl acetal 9-Decenal; trans-4-Decenal; Decyl acetate; Decyl alcohol; Decyl butyrate Decyl propionate; Diacetyl; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Diallyl trisulfide; 4,4-Dibutyl-γ-butyrolactone Dibutyl sebacate; Dicyclohexyl disulfide; Diethylacetic acid; Diethyl adipate; Diethyl ketone Diethyl malate; Diethyl DL-malate; Diethyl malonate; Diethyl sebacate; Diethyl succinate Diethyl tartrate; 2,5-Diethyltetrahydrofuran; Difurfuryl disulfide; Dihydrocarveol; Dihydrocarvyl acetate Dihydrocoumarin; Dihydroeugenol; Dihydro-α-ionone; Dihydro-β-ionone; Diisobutyl ketone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

m-Dimethoxybenzene; pDimethoxybenzene; 2,4Dimethylacetophenone; Dimethyl anthranilate; 2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde Dimethylbenzyl carbinol; Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate; α,α-Dimethylbenzyl isobutyrate; 3,4-Dimethylcyclopentane-1,2dione; Dimethyl dicarbonate 2,6-Dimethyl heptanol-4; 2,6-Dimethyl octanal; 3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol; α,αDimethylphenethyl butyrate; Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol α,α-Dimethylphenethyl formate; 2,3Dimethylpyrazine; 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine; pα-Dimethylstyrene; Dimethyl succinate Dimethyl trisulfide; Diphenyl oxide; 1,3Diphenyl-2-propanone; Dipropyl trisulfide; Disodium guanylate Disodium inosinate; δ-Dodecalactone; γDodecalactone; 2-Dodecenal; Dodecene-1 Dodecyl isobutyrate; Erythorbic acid; Estragole; p-Ethoxybenzaldehyde; Ethyl acetate Ethylacetoacetate; Ethyl-2-acetyl-3phenylpropionate; Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters; Ethyl acrylate; Ethyl-p-anisate Ethyl anthranilate; p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; Ethyl benzoate; Ethyl benzoylacetate; αEthylbenzyl butyrate 2-Ethylbutyl acetate; 2-Ethylbutyraldehyde; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate; Ethyl cinnamate Ethyl crotonate; Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate; Ethyl cyclohexanepropionate; Ethyl cyclohexylacetate; Ethyl decanoate 2-Ethyl-3,5(6)-dimethylpyrazine; 2Ethylfuran; Ethyl furaneol; Ethyl-2furanpropionate; 4-Ethylguaiacol Ethyl heptanoate; 2-Ethyl-2-heptenal; 2Ethylhexanol; Ethyl-3-hexenoate; Ethyl 3hydroxybutyrate Ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate; Ethyl isobutyrate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl laurate Ethyl levulinate; Ethyl maltol; N-Ethyl-pmenthane-3-carboxamide; Ethyl-2methylbutyrate; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Ethyl 3-(methylthio) propionate; Ethyl-2methylvalerate; Ethyl myristate; Ethyl nitrite; Ethyl-2-nonynoate 2332

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ethyl octanoate; 4-Ethyloctanoic acid; Ethyl trans-2-octenoate; Ethyl oleate; Ethyl oxyhydrate Ethyl palmitate; Ethyl pelargonate; pEthylphenol; Ethyl phenylacetate; Ethyl-4phenylbutyrate Ethyl phenylglycidate; Ethyl-3phenylpropionate; Ethyl pivalate; Ethyl propionate; 3-Ethylpyridine Ethyl pyruvate; Ethyl salicylate; Ethyl senecioate; Ethyl sorbate; Ethyl stearate Ethyl tiglate; Ethyl undecanoate; Ethyl 10undecenoate; Ethyl valerate; Ethyl vanillin Ethyl vinyl ketone; Eucalyptol; Eugenol; Eugenyl acetate; Eugenyl benzoate Eugenyl formate; Farnesal; Farnesol; αFenchene; d-Fenchone l-Fenchone; Fenchyl acetate; Fenchyl alcohol; Ferric chloride; Ferric chloride hexahydrate Ferric sulfate; Ferrous gluconate; Ferrous gluconate dihydrate; Flavourcin™ 1500; Folded Orange Oil 5-Fold Folded Orange Oil 10-Fold; Formic acid; Frescolat MGA; Fumaric acid; Furfural Furfurrole 302; Furfuryl acetate; Furfuryl alcohol; Furfuryl mercaptan; Furfuryl valerate 3-(2-Furyl) acrylaldehyde; (2-Furyl)-2propanone; Fusel oil refined; Galacid Excel 50; Galacid Excel 80 Galacid Excel 88; Galacid Feed 80 - XT; Geraniol; Geraniol BJ FCC; Geraniol Fine FCC Geranyl acetate; Geranyl acetoacetate; Geranyl benzoate; Geranyl butyrate; Geranyl formate Geranyl hexanoate; Geranyl isobutyrate; Geranyl isovalerate; Geranyl linalool; Geranyl phenylacetate Geranyl propionate; Gistex®; Globe® Corn Syrup Solids; D-Gluconic acid; Gluconolactone Glucose; α-D-Glucose pentaacetate; LGlutamic acid hydrochloride; L-Glutamine; Glycerin Glyceryl mono/dioleate; Glyceryl oleate; Glyceryl tripropionate; Gold n Flavor® 25/75 Butter Blends; Grapefruit oil terpenes Grapefruit Terpenes; Guaiac gum; Guaiacol; Guaiacyl acetate; Guaiacyl phenylacetate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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Guava Treattarome 9740; Heliotropine; Heptadienal; Heptanal; Heptanal dimethyl acetal Heptanal glyceryl acetal (mixed 1,2 and 1,3 acetals); 2,3-Heptanedione; 2-Heptanol; 3Heptanone; 4-Heptanone trans-3-Heptenyl acetate; Heptyl acetate; Heptyl alcohol; Heptyl butyrate; Heptyl cinnamate Heptyl formate; 2-Heptylfuran; Heptyl isobutyrate; Heptyl octanoate; Heptyl valerate trans,trans-2,4-Hexadienal; 2,4-Hexadienol; δ-Hexalactone; Hexanal; Hexanal dimethyl acetal Hexanal propylene glycol acetal; 3,4Hexanedione; 3-Hexanol; 3-Hexanone; trans-3-Hexenal 3-Hexenol; 3-Hexenyl acetate; cis-3-Hexenyl acetate; cis-3-Hexenyl anthranilate; cis-3Hexenyl benzoate cis-3-Hexenyl butyrate; cis-3-Hexenyl crotonate; cis-3-Hexenyl 2-methylbutyrate; Hexyl benzoate; Hexyl 2-butenoate Hexyl 2-furoate; Hexyl isobutyrate; Hexyl lactate; Hexyl 2-methylbutyrate; Hexyl phenylacetate Hexyl valerate; L-Histidine; Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate; Hodag® S-35 K; Honey Hydrogen sulfide; Hydrolyzed milk protein; Hydrolyzed vegetable protein; Hydroquinone ethyl ether; oHydroxyacetophenone Hydroxycitronellal; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; α-Ionol; β-Ionol; α-Ionone β-Ionone; γ-Ionone; Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol; Isoamylamine Isoamyl benzoate; Isoamyl butyrate; Isoamyl caprate; Isoamyl cinnamate; Isoamyl formate Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate; Isoamyl 3-(2furan) propionate; Isoamyl hexanoate; Isoamyl isovalerate; Isoamyl lactate Isoamyl laurate; Isoamyl nonanoate; Isoamyl octanoate; Isoamyl phenylacetate; Isoamyl propionate Isoamyl pyruvate; Isoamyl salicylate; Isoborneol; Isobornyl acetate; Isobornyl formate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Isobornyl isovalerate; Isobornyl propionate; Isobutyl acetate; Isobutyl acetoacetate; Isobutyl alcohol Isobutyl angelate; Isobutyl anthranilate; Isobutyl benzoate; Isobutyl butyrate; Isobutyl cinnamate Isobutyl formate; Isobutyl-2furanpropionate; Isobutyl heptanoate; Isobutyl hexanoate; Isobutyl isobutyrate Isobutyl isovalerate; α-Isobutylphenethyl alcohol; Isobutyl phenylacetate; Isobutyl propionate; Isobutyl salicylate Isobutyl valerate; Isobutyric acid; Isoeugenol; Isoeugenyl benzyl ether; Isoeugenyl ethyl ether Isoeugenyl formate; Isoeugenyl phenylacetate; DL-Isoleucine; L-Isoleucine; Isophorone Isopropyl alcohol; Isopropyl 2methylbutyrate; Isopropyl myristate; oIsopropylphenol; Isopropyl tiglate Isopropyl valerate; Kiwifruit Treattarome 9770; Koster Keunen Beeswax; Koster Keunen Beeswax #100P; Lactic acid Lauric acid; Lemon Base; L-Leucine; Lime Oil 410; Lime Oil E-96 d-Limonene; dl-Limonene; l-Limonene; Linalool; Linalool 95 Linalool 925; Linalool oxide; Linalyl acetate; Linalyl phenylacetate; Linoleic acid L-Lysine L-glutamate; L-Lysine hydrochloride; Magnesium chloride; Magnesium chloride hexahydrate; Malt extract Maltoferm® 10001; Maltoferm® 10001 VDK; Maltol; Maltyl isobutyrate; D-Mannitol Maxavor®; Menthalactone; p-Menthanone; Menthol; 1-Menthol DL-Menthone; Menthyl lactate; l-Menthyl lactate; DL-Methionine; L-Methionine p-Methoxycinnamaldehyde; Methyl n-amyl ketone; Methyl anthranilate; Methyl benzyl disulfide; 3-Methyl-2-butanol 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol; 2-Methylbutyl acetate; Methyl-2-butyl-2-methylbutyrate; 2Methylbutyric acid; Methyl caprate Methyl cinnamate; Methyl crotonate; Methyl disulfide; Methyl ethyl ketone; Methyl eugenol Methylfurfural; Methyl-2-hexenoate; Methyl isoeugenol; Methyl jasmonate; cis-Methyl jasmonate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methyl nicotinate; Methyl nonyl acetaldehyde; 2-Methylpentanal; 3Methylpentanoic acid; 4-Methylpentanoic acid 2-Methyl-2-pentenoic acid; trans-2-Methyl2-pentenoic acid; 2-Methylpropanal; 3Methyl-5-propyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; 2Methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane Methyl salicylate; Methyl sorbate; 5-Methyl2-thiophenecarboxyaldehyde; Methyl undecanoate; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids MSG; Musk ambrette; Myrtenol; 2Naphthalenethiol; β-Naphthyl ethyl ether β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether; Nerolidol; Niacet Sodium Acetate 60% FCC; Niacet Sodium Acetate Anhyd. FCC; Niacet Sodium Diacetate FCC Nona-2,4-dienal; γ-Nonalactone; 2-Nonanol; 2-Nonenal; trans-2-Nonenal cis-6-Nonen-1-ol; trans-2-Nonen-1-ol; Nootkatone; n-Octanal; Octanal dimethyl acetal 2-Octanol; 3-Octanol; 2-Octenal; 1-Octen-3ol; cis-3-Octen-1-ol 1-Octen-3-yl butyrate; Octyl acetate; Octyl 2-furoate; Octyl 2-methylbutyrate; Passion Fruit Treattarome 9750 Pationic® 1233; Pationic® 1240; Pationic® 1250; Peanut oil 545-000; Pentane-2,3-dione 2-Pentyl butyrate; Pentyl 2-furyl ketone; Phenethyl alcohol; Phenethyl caprylate; Phenethyl isothiocyanate Phenethyl valerate; Phenol; Phenylacetaldehyde; Phenylacetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal; DL-Phenylalanine L-Phenylalanine; Phenyl disulfide; 2Phenylethyl methyl ether; 5-Phenyl-1pentanol; 2-Phenylpropanal 1-Phenyl-1,2-propanedione; 2-Phenyl propanol-1; 2-Phenylpropionaldehyde dimethylacetal; Phosphoric acid; Piperine Piperonyl acetone; Plantain Powder Trobana®; Plantex®; Polysorbate 20; Polysorbate 60 Polysorbate 80; Potassium acetate; Potassium carbonate; Potassium chloride; Potassium lactate Potassium phosphate dibasic; Potassium sulfate; Prenyl isobutyrate; L-Proline; Propenylguaethol

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Propenyl propyl disulfide; Propiophenone; p-Propyl anisole; Propyl caprate; Propyl crotonate Propyl disulfide; Propylene glycol; Propylene glycol alginate; Propyl 2-fuorate; Propyl lactate Propyl-2-methylbutyrate; Propylparaben; Propyl pelargonate; 4-Propylphenol; Puffed Amaranth Purac® CL 21 HiPure; Purac® CL 21/80; Purac® FCC 50; Purac® FCC 80; Purac® FCC 88 Purac® HS 50; Purac® Fresh S; Purac® Fresh S39; Pyrrole; Quinoline Resorcinol; Rhodiarome® Extra-Pure; DRibose; Rice Vinegar Flavored Powder 5401; Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil L-Serine; Sodium acetate anhydrous; Sodium acetate trihydrate; Sodium aspartate; Sodium benzoate Sodium carbonate; Sodium chloride; Sodium diacetate; Sodium lactate; Sodium pectinate Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium propionate; Sodium succinate; Sorbic acid; Sorbitol Sorbo®; Sorbogem™; Spearmint Oil 603; Spearmint Oil 660; Stearic acid Struktol® Calcium Stearate; Sucrose; Talin®; Tannic acid; L-Tartaric acid Teriyaki Sauce Powder 7028; γ-Terpinene P&F; 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6dimethylbenzofuran; Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate; Tetrahydrolinalool Tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1propenyl)-2H-pyran; Thaumatin; Theaspirane; Theobromine; Thiamine HCl Thiazole; Thiogeraniol; Thiophenol; LThreonine; Tiglic acid p-Tolylacetaldehyde; 4-(p-Tolyl)-2butanone; o-Tolyl salicylate; Tomato Oil 010; Triacetin Tributyrin; Tricyclene; 2-Tridecanone; Triethyl citrate; Trimethyldodecatrieneol 3,5,5-Trimethylhexan-1-ol; 2,4,5-Trimethyl δ3-oxazoline; 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine; DL-αTryptophan; L-Tryptophan L-Tyrosine; Undecanoic acid; 2-Undecenal; Undecylenic acid; n-Valeraldehyde Valeraldehyde diethyl acetal; DL-α-Valine; L-Valine; Vanillin; Vanillyl alcohol

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Veg-Con Beet; Veg-Con Cabbage; Veg-Con Garlic; Veg-Con Green Bell Pepper; Veg-Dry Cabbage Veg-Dry Carrot, Roasted; Veg-Dry Carrot; Veg-Dry Celery, Roasted; Veg-Dry Garlic; Veg-Dry Mirepoix Veg-Dry Onion, Roasted; Verbenol; pVinylphenol; WS-23; WS-23, Artificial Watermelon Treattarome 9724; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ; Worcestershire Sauce Powd. 4200; 2,5-Xylenol; 3,4-Xylenol flavor, food bases Veg-Con Carrot flavor, food supplements Yeast extract flavor, fountain syrups 42/43 Corn Syrup flavor, frankfurters Gluconolactone flavor, fresh Citral Extra flavor, freshly prepared taste: dairy prods. Freshness Enhancer - D, Natural flavor, freshly squeezed taste: citrus flavors Freshness Enhancer - Cit, Natural flavor, freshly squeezed taste: citrus prods. Freshness Enhancer - Cit, Natural flavor, freshly squeezed taste: juices Freshness Enhancer - Cit, Natural flavor, fresh picked: berries Freshness Enhancer - MBF, Natural; Must Enhancer, Natural flavor, fresh picked: fruits Freshness Enhancer - MBF, Natural; Must Enhancer, Natural flavor, fresh picked: mint Freshness Enhancer - MBF, Natural; Freshness Enhancer - Mint, Natural flavor, frostings Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat; Cocoa Powder Natural; Cocoa Powder Natural - High Fat; Cocoa Powder Natural Medium Fat Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Dihydro-β-ionone; Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate; Menthalactone 3-Methyl-2-butanol; 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol; 2-Methylbutyl acetate; Methyl nicotinate; Methyl sorbate

2335

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Octyl 2-methylbutyrate; 4-Propylphenol; Sodium propionate; Sodium propionate; Theobromine flavor, frozen custard Potassium caseinate flavor, frozen dairy desserts Propylene glycol alginate flavor, frozen desserts Adipic acid; Bakers yeast extract; Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder - Trofi Trobana®; Hodag® S-35 K Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana®; Sorbogem™; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000 flavor, frozen foods 2,3-Diethylpyrazine; Flavourcin™ 1500 flavor, fruit Acetone; Citronellyl butyrate; Ethyl furaneol; Furaneol acetate; Furfuryl mercaptan Heptyl octanoate; Hexenyl-cis-3-valerate; NHydroxysuccinic acid; Myrcene Supra, FCC; Octanal dimethyl acetal Pineapple Ketone, Natural; Pineapple Ketone Acetate, Natural; Prenol; 2Tridecanone; γ-Valerolactone flavor, fruit beverages Citrus Booster, Natural flavor, fruit essence mfg. Ethyl octanoate flavor, fruit extracts Isobutyl valerate flavor, fruit-flavored compositions Geranyl Acetate 60 FCC; Geranyl Acetate Extra FCC flavor, fruit: food 2-Isopropyl-4-methyl thiazole flavor, fruit ices β-Cyclocitral flavor, fruit juices Naturome™ Extracts flavor, fruit preps. Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder Trofi Trobana® flavor, fruit sauces L-Ascorbic acid flavor, fruit sherbets Potassium caseinate flavor, fruit syrups Ethyl propionate flavor, fruity flavors Zeon® Extra Green Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, fudges Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat flavor, garlic Dimethyl trisulfide; Garlic Booster Natural, Kosher, Single Fold flavor, garlic oil Garlic Booster Natural, Kosher, Single Fold; Garlic Replacer Natural, Kosher flavor, gelatin Adipic acid; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; γNonalactone; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium propionate flavor, gelatin desserts Caprylic alcohol; Phenylacetaldehyde; LTartaric acid; WS-3, Artificial flavor, Genoa salami Gluconolactone flavor, gooseberry formulation Ethyl heptanoate flavor, granola bars Defatted Wheat Germ #1; Defatted Wheat Germ #2; Defatted Wheat Germ #5; Defatted Wheat Germ #6; Defatted Wheat Germ #8 flavor, grape Natural Replacer for Buchu flavor, grape formulations Ethyl heptanoate flavor, grapefruit Grapefruit Artificial Flavor 4115 flavor, gravies Adipic acid; Aromild®; Cheddar Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural; m-Cresol; Disodium inosinate Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311 Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320; Propylene glycol alginate; Resorcinol; DRibose Veg-Con Carrot; 2,5-Xylenol; 3,4-Xylenol flavor, green tea flavors Zeon® Extra Green flavor, green vegetables Ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate flavor, guava Guava Flakes Trobana®; Guava PowderTrobana®; 3-Hexenyl isovalerate 2336

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, guava: bread Guava Flakes Trobana®; Guava PowderTrobana® flavor, guava: cakes Guava Flakes Trobana®; Guava PowderTrobana® flavor, guava: drinks Guava Flakes Trobana®; Guava PowderTrobana® flavor, guava: dry fruit preps. Guava Flakes Trobana®; Guava PowderTrobana® flavor, guava: frozen desserts Guava Flakes Trobana®; Guava PowderTrobana® flavor, guava: muffins Guava Flakes Trobana®; Guava PowderTrobana® flavor, guava: nectars Guava Flakes Trobana®; Guava PowderTrobana® flavor, guava: pies Guava Flakes Trobana®; Guava PowderTrobana® flavor, gum Cetyl alcohol; Isopropyl alcohol flavor, half & half Soda Phos (FG) flavor, ham Disodium inosinate flavor, hard-boiled candy Performarome flavor, hard candy Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; 1,4Cineole; β-Cyclocitral; Dihydro-β-ionone p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; Ethyl maltol; Hydrogen sulfide; Menthalactone; 3-Methyl2-butanol 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol; 2-Methylbutyl acetate; Methyl nicotinate; Methyl sorbate; Octyl 2-methylbutyrate 4-Propylphenol; Theaspirane; o-Tolyl salicylate flavor, health foods Aloe Vera Gel Powd., Dehydrated; Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mycelium Biomass, Certified Organic flavor, herbaceous Morillol® flavor, herbal compositions Trimethylbenzyl alcohol

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, high-temp. processed foods Autolyzed yeast flavor, honey Nerol/Geraniol 60/40, Natural; Neryl/Geranyl Acetates 60/40, Natural flavor, hops extract Isopropyl alcohol flavor, hot chocolate drinks Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat flavor, ice cream Acetal; Acetaldehyde; Acetanisole; Acetic acid; Acetisoeugenol Acetophenone; 3-Acetylpyridine; 2Acetylpyrrole; Agar; Alcohol Allyl anthranilate; Allyl butyrate; Allyl caproate; Allyl cinnamate; Allyl cyclohexaneacetate Allyl cyclohexanebutyrate; Allyl cyclohexanehexanoate; Allyl cyclohexanepropionate; Allyl cyclohexanevalerate; Allyl 2-furoate Allyl heptanoate; Allyl α-ionone; Allyl isothiocyanate; Allyl isovalerate; Allyl mercaptan Allyl nonanoate; Allyl octanoate; Allyl phenoxyacetate; Allyl phenylacetate; Allyl propionate Allyl sorbate; Allyl sulfide; Allyl tiglate; Allyl 10-undecenoate; Ammonium alginate n-Amyl alcohol; Amyl butyrate; αAmylcinnamaldehyde; αAmylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal; αAmylcinnamyl acetate α-Amylcinnamyl alcohol; α-Amylcinnamyl formate; α-Amylcinnamyl isovalerate; Amyl formate; Amyl heptanoate Amyl hexanoate; Amyl octanoate; Anethole; Anisole; p-Anisyl acetate p-Anisyl alcohol; Anisyl butyrate; Anisyl formate; Anisyl phenylacetate; Anisyl propionate Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; L-Ascorbic acid; Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder - Trofi Trobana®; Benzaldehyde Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal; Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal; Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal; Benzoic acid; Benzoin Benzophenone; Benzyl acetate; Benzyl acetoacetate; Benzyl alcohol; Benzyl benzoate 2337

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Benzyl butyl ether; Benzyl butyrate; Benzyl cinnamate; Benzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate; Benzyl dipropyl ketone Benzyl ether; Benzyl ethyl ether; Benzyl formate; Benzyl isobutyrate; Benzyl isovalerate Benzyl mercaptan; Benzyl methoxyethyl acetal; Benzyl phenylacetate; Benzyl propionate; Benzylsalicylate BHA; DL-Borneol; Bornyl acetate; Bornyl formate; Bornyl isovalerate Bornyl valerate; Brominated vegetable oil; Butter acids; Butter esters; n-Butyl acetate Butyl acetoacetate; Butyl alcohol; Butyl anthranilate; Butyl butyrate; Butyl butyryl lactate α-Butylcinnamaldehyde; Butyl cinnamate; Butyl formate; Butyl heptanoate; Butyl hexanoate Butyl isobutyrate; n-Butyl isovalerate; Butyl lactate; Butyl laurate; Butyl levulinate N-Butyl-2-methylbutyrate; Butyl phenylacetate; n-Butyl propionate; Butyl salicylate; Butyl sulfide Butyl 10-undecenoate; Butyl valerate; nButyraldehyde; n-Butyric acid; Butyrolactone Camphene; Capric acid; Caprylic alcohol; Carboxymethylcellulose; Carvacrol Carvacryl ethyl ether; Carveol; 4Carvomenthenol; d-Carvone; l-Carvone Carvyl acetate; Carvyl propionate; βCaryophyllene; 1,4-Cineole; Cinnamal Cinnamic acid; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract; Cinnamyl acetate; Cinnamyl alcohol; Cinnamyl anthranilate Cinnamyl butyrate; Cinnamyl cinnamate; Cinnamyl formate; Cinnamyl isobutyrate; Cinnamyl isovalerate Cinnamyl phenylacetate; Cinnamyl propionate; Citral; Citric acid; Citronellal β-Citronellol; Citronellyl acetate; Citronellyl butyrate; Citronellyl formate; Citronellyl isobutyrate Citronellyl phenylacetate; Citronellyl propionate; Citronellyl valerate; Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat; p-Cresol; Cuminaldehyde; Cyclohexaneacetic acid; Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cyclohexyl acetate; Cyclohexyl anthranilate; Cyclohexyl butyrate; Cyclohexyl cinnamate; Cyclohexylethyl acetate Cyclohexyl formate; Cyclohexyl isovalerate; Cyclohexyl propionate; p-Cymene; δDecalactone γ-Decalactone; Decanal; Decanal dimethyl acetal; Decyl acetate; Decyl alcohol Decyl butyrate; Decyl propionate; Diacetyl; 4,4-Dibutyl-γ-butyrolactone; Dibutyl sebacate Diethylacetic acid; Diethyl DL-malate; Diethyl malonate; Diethyl sebacate; Diethyl succinate Diethyl tartrate; 2,5-Diethyltetrahydrofuran; Dihydrocarveol; Dihydrocarvyl acetate; Dihydrocoumarin Dihydro-β-ionone; m-Dimethoxybenzene; pDimethoxybenzene; 2,4Dimethylacetophenone; Dimethyl anthranilate 2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde; Dimethylbenzyl carbinol; Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate; α,α-Dimethylbenzyl isobutyrate; 2,6Dimethyl heptanol-4 2,6-Dimethyl octanal; 3,7-Dimethyl-1octanol; α,α-Dimethylphenethyl butyrate; α,α-Dimethylphenethyl formate; 2,3Dimethylpyrazine Dimethyl succinate; 1,3-Diphenyl-2propanone; Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; γ-Dodecalactone 2-Dodecenal; Dodecyl isobutyrate; Erythorbic acid; Estragole; pEthoxybenzaldehyde Ethyl acetate; Ethylacetoacetate; Ethyl-2acetyl-3-phenylpropionate; Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters; Ethyl acrylate Ethyl-p-anisate; Ethyl anthranilate; pEthylbenzaldehyde; Ethyl benzoate; Ethyl benzoylacetate α-Ethylbenzyl butyrate; 2-Ethylbutyl acetate; 2-Ethylbutyraldehyde; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate Ethyl cinnamate; Ethyl crotonate; Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate; Ethyl decanoate; 2-Ethyl fenchol 2-Ethylfuran; Ethyl-2-furanpropionate; 4Ethylguaiacol; Ethyl heptanoate; Ethyl isobutyrate 2338

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl laurate; Ethyl levulinate; Ethyl maltol Ethyl-2-methylbutyrate; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate; Ethyl 3-(methylthio) propionate; Ethyl myristate; Ethyl nitrite Ethyl-2-nonynoate; Ethyl octanoate; Ethyl oleate; Ethyl oxyhydrate; Ethyl palmitate Ethyl pelargonate; Ethyl phenylacetate; Ethyl phenylglycidate; Ethyl-3phenylpropionate; Ethyl propionate Ethyl pyruvate; Ethyl salicylate; Ethyl sorbate; Ethyl stearate; Ethyl tiglate Ethyl undecanoate; Ethyl 10-undecenoate; Ethyl valerate; Ethyl vanillin; Ethyl vinyl ketone Eucalyptol; Eugenol; Eugenyl acetate; Eugenyl benzoate; Farnesol d-Fenchone; Fenchyl alcohol; Formic acid; Furfural; Furfuryl acetate Furfuryl alcohol; Furfuryl mercaptan; (2Furyl)-2-propanone; Fusel oil refined; Geraniol Geranyl acetate; Geranyl acetoacetate; Geranyl benzoate; Geranyl butyrate; Geranyl formate Geranyl hexanoate; Geranyl isobutyrate; Geranyl isovalerate; Geranyl phenylacetate; Geranyl propionate Glycerin; Guaiacol; Guaiacyl acetate; Guaiacyl phenylacetate; γ-Heptalactone Heptanal; Heptanal dimethyl acetal; Heptanal glyceryl acetal (mixed 1,2 and 1,3 acetals); 2,3-Heptanedione; 2-Heptanol 3-Heptanone; 4-Heptanone; Heptyl acetate; Heptyl alcohol; Heptyl butyrate Heptyl cinnamate; Heptyl formate; 2Heptylfuran; Heptyl isobutyrate; 3-Hexanol cis-3-Hexenyl acetate; cis-3-Hexenyl butyrate; Hexyl benzoate; Hexyl 2butenoate; Hexyl isobutyrate Hexyl 2-methylbutyrate; Hexyl phenylacetate; Hydrogen sulfide; Hydroquinone ethyl ether; Isoamyl acetate Isoamyl alcohol; Isoamylamine; Isoamyl benzoate; Isoamyl butyrate; Isoamyl cinnamate Isoamyl formate; Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate; Isoamyl 3-(2-furan) propionate; Isoamyl hexanoate; Isoamyl isovalerate Isoamyl laurate; Isoamyl nonanoate; Isoamyl octanoate; Isoamyl phenylacetate; Isoamyl propionate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Isoamyl pyruvate; Isoamyl salicylate; Isoborneol; Isobornyl acetate; Isobornyl formate Isobornyl isovalerate; Isobornyl propionate; Isobutyl acetate; Isobutyl acetoacetate; Isobutyl alcohol Isobutyl angelate; Isobutyl anthranilate; Isobutyl benzoate; Isobutyl butyrate; Isobutyl cinnamate Isobutyl formate; Isobutyl-2furanpropionate; Isobutyl heptanoate; Isobutyl hexanoate; Isobutyl isobutyrate Isobutyl isovalerate; α-Isobutylphenethyl alcohol; Isobutyl phenylacetate; Isobutyl propionate; Isobutyl salicylate Isobutyric acid; Isoeugenol; Isoeugenyl benzyl ether; Isoeugenyl ethyl ether; Isoeugenyl phenylacetate Isopropyl myristate; Linalool oxide; Linalyl phenylacetate; Maltyl isobutyrate; Methyl namyl ketone 3-Methyl-2-butanol; Methyl disulfide; Methyl ethyl ketone; Methyl eugenol; Methyl isoeugenol Methyl jasmonate; Methyl nicotinate; 2Methylpentanal; 3-Methylpentanoic acid; 4Methylpentanoic acid 2-Methylpropanal; 3-Methyl-5-propyl-2cyclohexen-1-one; Methyl sorbate; 5Methyl-2-thiophenecarboxyaldehyde; Musk ambrette Myrtenol; β-Naphthyl ethyl ether; βNaphthyl isobutyl ether; γ-Nonalactone; cis6-Nonen-1-ol trans-2-Nonen-1-ol; 3-Octanol; cis-3-Octen1-ol; Octyl 2-furoate; Octyl 2-methylbutyrate Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana®; Pentyl 2-furyl ketone; Phenol; Phenylacetaldehyde; Phenylacetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal Phenyl disulfide; 5-Phenyl-1-pentanol; 1Phenyl-1,2-propanedione; Propiophenone; Quinoline Rhovanil™ Extra-Pure; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-3,6dimethylbenzofuran Tetrahydrofurfuryl cinnamate; Theaspirane; Thiogeraniol; Thiophenol; Triacetin Tributyrin; 2-Tridecanone; Undecylenic acid; DL-α-Valine; Vanillyl alcohol

2339

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, ice cream powders Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat flavor, ices Acetaldehyde flavor, icings Agar; Allyl cyclohexanepropionate; Benzoic acid; Benzyl propionate; Butyl 10undecenoate n-Butyraldehyde; Carboxymethylcellulose; Ethyl nitrite; Ethyl pelargonate; Furfuryl mercaptan Gold n Flavor® 105-060 Table Grade Margarine; Isobutyl acetate; Isobutyl angelate; Isobutyl-2-furanpropionate; Lemalta Flavor® Sorbogem™ flavor, imitation dairy prods. Thiazole flavor, imitation vanilla extract Ethyl vanillin flavor, infant formulas Ferrous gluconate; Ferrous gluconate dihydrate; Linoleic acid; Magnesium chloride hexahydrate; Potassium chloride Thiamine HCl flavor, instant coffee/tea m-Cresol; p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; Hydrogen sulfide; 2,5-Xylenol; 3,4-Xylenol flavor, instant drink mixes Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat flavor, jams 3-Acetylpyridine; 42/43 Corn Syrup; βCyclocitral; Dihydro-β-ionone; pEthylbenzaldehyde Hexyl phenylacetate; 3-Methyl-2-butanol; 3Methyl-2-buten-1-ol; 2-Methylbutyl acetate; Methyl nicotinate Methyl sorbate; Potassium lactate; Propylene glycol alginate; 4-Propylphenol; Sodium propionate Theaspirane flavor, jams/jellies N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Phosphoric acid flavor, jellies 42/43 Corn Syrup; β-Cyclocitral; Dihydro-βionone; Dimethylbenzyl carbinol; γDodecalactone p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; Ethyl caproate; Isoamyl isovalerate; 3-Methyl-2-butanol; 3Methyl-2-buten-1-ol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2-Methylbutyl acetate; Methyl eugenol; Methyl nicotinate; Methyl sorbate; Potassium lactate Propylene glycol alginate; 4-Propylphenol; Sodium propionate; Theaspirane flavor, juices Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder Trofi Trobana®; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303 Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320; Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana® flavor, lard N-Hydroxysuccinic acid flavor, lemon Citral Extra; Lemon Flavor WONF #8545 flavor, lemon oil Isopropyl alcohol flavor, licorice candy Anethole flavor, light beers Redihop® flavor, lime Citral Extra flavor, liqueurs Carvone; Estragole; Menthol flavor, low-fat applics. Superfine Ground Mustard flavor, malt: baby foods Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 flavor, malt: baked goods Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 flavor, malt: cereals Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 flavor, malt: confectionery Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 flavor, malt: ice cream Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 flavor, mandarin trans-4-Decenal flavor, mango: bread Mango Flakes Trobana®; Mango Powder Trobana® flavor, mango: cakes Mango Flakes Trobana®; Mango Powder Trobana® flavor, mango: dry fruit preps. Mango Flakes Trobana®; Mango Powder Trobana® 2340

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, mango: frozen desserts Mango Flakes Trobana®; Mango Powder Trobana® flavor, mango: muffins Mango Flakes Trobana®; Mango Powder Trobana® flavor, mango: nectars Mango Flakes Trobana®; Mango Powder Trobana® flavor, mango: pies Mango Flakes Trobana®; Mango Powder Trobana® flavor, mango: powdered drinks Mango Flakes Trobana®; Mango Powder Trobana® flavor, mango: soft food diets Mango Flakes Trobana®; Mango Powder Trobana® flavor, maple Guaiacyl acetate flavor, maple juice Ethyl furaneol flavor, maple syrup Alcohol flavor, maraschino cherries Isobutyl phenylacetate; Phenylacetaldehyde flavor, margarine Adipic acid; Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; n-Butyric acid; Diacetyl; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides p-Ethylphenol; Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved Galacid Heat-Stable 80; Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25; Glyceryl stearate SE Isobutyric acid; Potassium carbonate; Potassium caseinate; Potassium lactate; 2Tridecanone flavor, marinades: food Mushroom Booster, Natural flavor, marmalades Potassium lactate flavor masking agent BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 45DE High Maltose flavor, meat 2-Acetylfuran; Allyl disulfide; Allyl isothiocyanate; Allyl mercaptan; Allyl nonanoate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Allyl sulfide; Alomine 042; Ammonium alginate; Aromild®; L-Ascorbic acid L-Aspartic acid; Benzothiazole; n-Butyl mercaptan; Butyrolactone; Carboxymethylcellulose 1,4-Cineole; o-Cresol; Cyclopentanethiol; Diallyl trisulfide; Dicyclohexyl disulfide Difurfuryl disulfide; 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine; Dimethyl trisulfide; Dipropyl trisulfide; Disodium guanylate Erythorbic acid; p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; 2Ethyl-3,5(6)-dimethylpyrazine; Ethyl 3hydroxyhexanoate; Ethyl maltol Furaneol acetate; Gb Select®; L-Glutamine; Glycerin; 3-Hexanone Hydrogen sulfide; Hydroquinone ethyl ether; 2-Isopropyl-4-methyl thiazole; oIsopropylphenol; Methyl benzyl disulfide Methyl disulfide; 4-Methylpentanoic acid; 3Methyl-5-propyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; MSG; 2-Naphthalenethiol Natural Chicken Key; Natural Replace for Onion; trans-2-Nonen-1-ol; Novation® 6600; DL-Phenylalanine Pineapple Ketone, Natural; Pineapple Ketone Acetate, Natural; Praline Reaction Flavor, Natural; Propenyl propyl disulfide; Pyrazine Mixture, Natural Quinoline; Resorcinol; D-Ribose; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium acetate anhydrous Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium sulfoacetate derivs. of mono- and diglycerides; Sorbic acid; Staleydex® 130; Thiazole Thiophenol; 2,4,5-Trimethyl δ-3-oxazoline; L-Tyrosine; Undecatriene; 2,5-Xylenol 3,4-Xylenol flavor, meat marinades Veg-Con Carrot flavor, meat prods. Adipic acid; m-Cresol; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Glyceryl oleate; Sodium diacetate Sodium propionate; γ-Valerolactone flavor, meat sauces n-Butyl mercaptan; o-Cresol; oIsopropylphenol; Methyl benzyl disulfide; 2,4,5-Trimethyl δ-3-oxazoline flavor, melon cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate; 3-Hexenyl isovalerate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, melon: food Melon Key, Natural flavor, meringues Agar flavor, milk Butter acids; 2-Tridecanone flavor, mixes Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Flo-Malt® flavor modifier L-Leucine; Maltol; Sodium pectinate; Talin® flavor modifier, bakery prods. Maltol flavor modifier, beverages Talin® flavor modifier, citrus flavors Talin® flavor, mousses Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat flavor, muffins Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder Trofi Trobana®; Defatted Wheat Germ #2; Defatted Wheat Germ #5; Defatted Wheat Germ #6 Defatted Wheat Germ #8; Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana® flavor, mushroom Morillol®; 2-trans,6-cis-Nonadienol flavor, mustard oil Allyl isothiocyanate flavor, natural Edicol®; Thyme oil red flavor, natural: alcoholic beverages Aconitic acid; Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) extract; Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Aloe extract; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil Angelica (Angelica archangelica) seed oil; Angostura (Galipea officinalis) extract; Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil; Arnica montana; Arnica montana extract Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract; Buchu leaves oil; Buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata) leaves; Calamus oil; Calumba (Jatrorrhiza palmata) root Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax; Caraway (Carum carvi) oil; Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil; Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil; Chamomile Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil; Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

oil; Clary (Salvia sclarea); Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil Cognac oil, green or white; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Costmary (Chrysanthemum balsamita); Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Dittany (Dictamnus albus) roots Elder flowers; Elecampane (Inula helenium); Ethyl formate; Eucalyptus globulus oil; Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract; Galangal root extract; Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua); Gentian (Gentiana lutea); Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract Hypericum perforatum extract; Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) oil; Mustard oil; Red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus); Rhatany extract Sandarac (Callitris quadrivalvis) gum; Serpentaria (Aristolochia clematitis) extract; Serpentaria (Aristolochia serpentaria); Sloe (Prunus spinosa) berries extract; Star anise (Illicium verum) Star anise (Illicium verum) oil; Swertia chirata; Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) extract; Tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) oil; Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) bark extract; Woodruff (Asperula odorata) extract; Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil flavor, natural: alcoholic drinks Saffron (Crocus sativus) flavor, natural: apple butter Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil flavor, natural: bacon Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract flavor, natural: baked goods Aconitic acid; Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Allspice (Pimenta officinalis); Ambrette (Hibiscus abelmoschus) seed oil; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) seed oil; Anise (Pimpinella anisum); Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil; Apple esters - 1, Natural Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil; Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum; Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) oil; Asafetida 2342

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference (Ferula foetida) extract; Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) oil Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea); Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae); Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) oil; Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum); Basil (Ocimum basilicum) Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil; Bay (Pimenta acris) oil; Beeswax; Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil; Birch (Betula alba) oil Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil; Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract; Black catechu (Acacia catechu) extract; Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil; Boronia (Boronia megastigma) flowers Buchu leaves oil; Cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendron) oil; Calamus oil; Camphor; Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil Capsicum; Capsicum frutescens extract; Caraway (Carum carvi); Caraway (Carum carvi) oil; Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil; Carmine (Coccus cacti); Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract; Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil; Cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) extract Cascarilla oil; Cassie (Acacia farnesiana) flowers; Castoreum; Castoreum extract; Castoreum liquid Castor (Ricinus communis) oil; Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil; Celery (Apium graveolens) extract; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil; Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil; Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) oil; Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) Chicory (Cichorium intybus) extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil; Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) oil; Citrus extract; Civet Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil; Clove; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil Clover (Trifolium pratense) extract; Cognac oil, green or white; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Corn (Zea mays) silk; Costus (Saussurea lappa) oil Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil; Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil; Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract; Davana (Artemisia pallens) oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens) Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Dittany of Crete; Elder flowers; Elemi gum; Elemi oil Ethyl formate; Eucalyptus globulus oil; Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract; Galangal root extract; Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua); Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract; Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil; Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil; Gum benzoin Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) oil; Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil; Laurel (Laurus nobilis); Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil; Lemongrass oil East Indian Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Lime oil terpeneless; Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract; Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) extract; Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) extract solid Musk (Moschus moschiferus); Myrrh gum; Oleoresin basil; Oleoresin capsicum; Oleoresin fenugreek Oleoresin ginger; Oleoresin labdanum; Oleoresin mace; Oleoresin summer savory; Oleoresin vanilla Orange oil, distilled; Orange oil terpeneless; Orris (Iris florentina) extract; Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) oil; Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) Petitgrain, lemon oil; Rhatany extract; Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil; Rose oil; Rue Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) extract; Saffron (Crocus sativus); Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) oil; Sesame 2343

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference (Sesamum indicum) oil; Sloe (Prunus spinosa) berries extract Snakeroot (Asarum canadense) oil; Star anise (Illicium verum); Star anise (Illicium verum) oil; Summer savory (Satureia hortensis); Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil Tagetes oil; Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil; Thyme (Thymus vulgaris); Vanilla planifolia extract; Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) bark extract Winter savory (Satureja montana) oil; Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil flavor, natural: bakery spice blends Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil flavor, natural: barley drinks Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria); Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) flavor, natural: bar mixes Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) flavor, natural: beef extracts NatureTones™ flavor, natural: beer Costmary (Chrysanthemum balsamita); Hops (Humulus lupulus) extract; Hops (Humulus lupulus) oil; Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria); Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) flavor, natural: beverages Aconitic acid; Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) extract; Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Allspice (Pimenta officinalis); Aloe barbadensis extract Aloe barbadensis gel; Aloe extract; Althea officinalis extract; Ambrette (Hibiscus abelmoschus) seed oil; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) seed oil; Angostura (Galipea officinalis) extract; Anise (Pimpinella anisum); Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil Apple esters - 1, Natural; Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil; Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum; Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract; Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) extract Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) oil; Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea); Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae); Balsam Peru

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Myroxylon pereirae) oil; Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum) Basil (Ocimum basilicum); Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil; Bay (Pimenta acris) oil; Beeswax; Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil Birch (Betula alba) oil; Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil; Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract; Black catechu (Acacia catechu) extract; Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil Boronia (Boronia megastigma) flowers; Buchu leaves oil; Cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendron) oil; Calamus oil; Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax; Capsicum; Capsicum frutescens extract; Caraway (Carum carvi); Caraway (Carum carvi) oil Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum); Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil; Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract; Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil; Cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) extract Cascarilla oil; Cassie (Acacia farnesiana) flowers; Castoreum; Castoreum extract; Castoreum liquid Castor (Ricinus communis) oil; Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil; Celery (Apium graveolens) extract; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil; Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil; Cherry pit extract; Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) Chicory (Cichorium intybus) extract; Cinchona extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil; Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) oil; Citrus extract Civet; Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil; Clove; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Clover (Trifolium pratense) extract; Cognac oil,

2344

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference green or white; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Corn (Zea mays) silk Costus (Saussurea lappa) oil; Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil; Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil; Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract; Davana (Artemisia pallens) oil Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Elder flowers; Elemi gum; Elemi oil; Ethyl formate Eucalyptus globulus oil; Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum); Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum) extract Galanga; Galangal root extract; Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua); Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract; Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil; Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) extract; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil Guarana (Paullinia cupana) gum; Gum benzoin; Gum ghatti; Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) oil; Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil Laurel (Laurus nobilis); Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil; Lemon oil terpeneless; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Lime oil terpeneless; Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract; Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) extract solid; Musk (Moschus moschiferus) Mustard oil; Myrrh gum; Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil; Oleoresin capsicum; Oleoresin fenugreek Oleoresin ginger; Oleoresin labdanum; Oleoresin vanilla; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil; Orange oil, distilled Orange oil terpeneless; Orris (Iris florentina) extract; Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) oil; Parsley (Petroselinum crispum); Petitgrain, lemon oil Pipsissewa (Chimaphila umbellata) leaves extract; Rhatany extract; Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil; Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis); Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) extract Sloe (Prunus spinosa) berries extract; Snakeroot (Asarum canadense) oil; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Spearmint (Mentha spicata); Spearmint (Mentha spicata) extract; Star anise (Illicium verum) Star anise (Illicium verum) oil; Tagetes oil; Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil; Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X; Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X Decolorized Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Regular 200X; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Freeze Dried Decolorized 200X; Thyme (Thymus vulgaris); Vanilla planifolia extract; Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) bark extract Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil; Yarrow (Achillea millefolium); Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) extract; Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) oil; Yucca schidigera extract flavor, natural: birch beer Birch (Betula alba) oil flavor, natural: bitters Galangal root extract; Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil flavor, natural: brandy Ethyl decadienoate flavor, natural: bread Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil flavor, natural: cakes Allspice (Pimenta officinalis); Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil; Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil; Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: candy Aconitic acid; Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Allspice (Pimenta officinalis); Ambrette (Hibiscus abelmoschus) seed oil; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) seed oil; Anise (Pimpinella anisum); Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil; Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum; Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) oil; Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract; Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) oil; Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea) Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae); Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) oil; Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum); Basil (Ocimum basilicum); Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil 2345

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Bay (Pimenta acris) oil; Beeswax; Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil; Birch (Betula alba) oil; Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract; Black catechu (Acacia catechu) extract; Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil; Boronia (Boronia megastigma) flowers; Buchu leaves oil Cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendron) oil; Calamus oil; Camphor; Capsicum; Capsicum frutescens extract Caraway (Carum carvi) oil; Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum); Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil; Carmine (Coccus cacti); Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil; Cascarilla oil; Cassie (Acacia farnesiana) flowers; Castoreum; Castoreum extract Castoreum liquid; Castor (Ricinus communis) oil; Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil; Celery (Apium graveolens) extract; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil; Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil; Chicory (Cichorium intybus) extract; Cinchona extract Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) oil; Citrus extract; Civet; Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Clover (Trifolium pratense) extract; Cognac oil, green or white; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil Corn (Zea mays) silk; Costus (Saussurea lappa) oil; Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil; Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil; Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract Davana (Artemisia pallens) oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Elder flowers; Elemi gum; Elemi oil Ethyl formate; Eucalyptus globulus oil; Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); Fennel Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Foeniculum vulgare) oil; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract; Galangal root extract; Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua); Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract; Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil; Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil; Guarana (Paullinia cupana) gum Gum benzoin; Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) oil; Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil; Laurel (Laurus nobilis); Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil Lemon oil terpeneless; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Lime oil terpeneless; Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract; Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) extract solid Musk (Moschus moschiferus); Myrrh gum; Oleoresin capsicum; Oleoresin fenugreek; Oleoresin ginger Oleoresin labdanum; Oleoresin summer savory; Oleoresin vanilla; Orange oil, distilled; Orange oil terpeneless Orris (Iris florentina) extract; Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) oil; Petitgrain, lemon oil; Pipsissewa (Chimaphila umbellata) leaves extract; Rhatany extract Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil; Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) extract; Sloe (Prunus spinosa) berries extract; Snakeroot (Asarum canadense) oil; Spearmint (Mentha spicata) extract Star anise (Illicium verum); Star anise (Illicium verum) oil; Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil; Tagetes oil; Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil Thyme (Thymus vulgaris); Turmeric (Curcuma longa); Vanilla planifolia extract; Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) bark extract; Winter savory (Satureja montana) oil Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil flavor, natural: carbonated beverages Oleoresin ginger; Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) flavor, natural: casings Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: cheeses Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

2346

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, natural: chewing gum Aconitic acid; Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Allspice (Pimenta officinalis); Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil; Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae); Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil; Birch (Betula alba) oil; Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil; Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil Caraway (Carum carvi) oil; Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil; Castoreum; Castoreum extract; Castoreum liquid Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil; Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil Civet; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Cognac oil, green or white; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil Davana (Artemisia pallens) oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Ethyl formate; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum) extract; Garlic (Allium sativum) oil Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil; Gum benzoin; Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil; Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil Lemongrass oil East Indian; Lemon oil terpeneless; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Lime oil terpeneless; Myrrh gum Oleoresin capsicum; Orange oil, distilled; Orange oil terpeneless; Orris (Iris florentina) extract; Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil; Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil flavor, natural: chocolate pudding Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil flavor, natural: chopped ham Corn syrup solids flavor, natural: clam extracts NatureTones™ flavor, natural: cola Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil; Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, natural: condiments Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Allspice (Pimenta officinalis); Anise (Pimpinella anisum); Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum; Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) oil Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract; Basil (Ocimum basilicum); Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil; Bay (Pimenta acris) oil; Buchu leaves oil Camphor; Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil; Capsicum; Capsicum frutescens extract; Caraway (Carum carvi) Caraway (Carum carvi) oil; Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum); Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil; Carmine (Coccus cacti); Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil Cascarilla oil; Castoreum; Castoreum extract; Celery (Apium graveolens) extract; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil; Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil; Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil Cognac oil, green or white; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil; Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens) Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum); Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum) extract Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua); Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract; Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil; Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil; Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract; Oleoresin allspice; Oleoresin basil; Oleoresin capsicum Oleoresin ginger; Oleoresin mace; Oleoresin parsley leaf; Oleoresin parsley seed; Oleoresin sage Oleoresin summer savory; Oleoresin vanilla; Orange oil terpeneless; Parsley 2347

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference (Petroselinum crispum); Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Rose oil; Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) extract; Snakeroot (Asarum canadense) oil; Spearmint (Mentha spicata); Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil; Tagetes oil; Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil; Winter savory (Satureja montana) oil flavor, natural: confectionery Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil; Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum); Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil; Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax; Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Lemongrass oil East Indian; Mandarin orange oil; Rose oil; Saffron (Crocus sativus) Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) oil; Sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil; Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil; Star anise (Illicium verum); Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) oil flavor, natural: confectionery spice blends Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil flavor, natural: cooked cheeses Caraway (Carum carvi) flavor, natural: cookies Caraway (Carum carvi) oil flavor, natural: curry powder Clove; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: curry sauces Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil flavor, natural: desserts Vanilla flavor, natural: dietary supplements Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract flavor, natural: Earl Grey tea Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil flavor, natural: eggnog Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil flavor, natural: exaggerated foam prods. Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) flavor, natural: extracts Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) oil flavor, natural: fitness drinks Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X; Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X Decolorized; Terra-Pure™ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Non-Preserved Spray Dried Regular 200X; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Freeze Dried Decolorized 200X flavor, natural: five spice powder Clove flavor, natural: foamy bar mixes Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) flavor, natural: food Aconitic acid; Alfalfa (Medicago sativa); Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Allspice (Pimenta officinalis); Aloe barbadensis Aloe barbadensis extract; Aloe barbadensis gel; Aloe extract; Althea (Althea officinalis) flowers; Althea (Althea officinalis) root Althea officinalis extract; Ambergris; Ambrette (Hibiscus abelmoschus) seed oil; Amyris (Amyris balsamifera); Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) oil Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) seed oil; Angostura (Galipea officinalis); Anise (Pimpinella anisum) Anise (Pimpinella anisum) extract; Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil; Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil; Artemisia absinthium; Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) extract Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum; Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) oil; Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract; Balm mint (Melissa officinalis); Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) extract Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) oil; Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea); Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis); Balsam copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) oil; Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) oil; Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum); Barley (Hordeum distichon) extract; Basil (Ocimum basilicum); Basil (Ocimum basilicum) extract Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil; Bay (Pimenta acris) oil; Benzoin (Styrax benzoin) extract; Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil; Bitter almond (Prunus amybdalus) extract Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil; Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) extract; Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium amara) oil; Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium 2348

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference amara) peel extract; Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract Blackberry (Rubus villosus) extract; Black caraway (Nigella sativa); Black catechu (Acacia catechu) extract; Black currant (Ribes nigrum) extract; Black haw (Viburnum prunifolium) bark extract Black pepper (Piper nigrum) oil; Blackthorn berries (Prunus spinosa); Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil; Boronia (Boronia megastigma) flowers; Buchu leaves oil Buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata) extract; Cade oil; Cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendron) oil; Calamus oil; Calendula officinalis Calendula officinalis extract; Calumba (Jatrorrhiza palmata) root extract; Camellia oleifera extract; Camellia sinensis extract; Camphor Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oil; Capsicum; Capsicum frutescens extract; Caraway (Carum carvi); Caraway (Carum carvi) oil Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum); Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil; Carmine (Coccus cacti); Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract; Carrot (Daucus carota) extract Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) juice; Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil; Cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) extract; Cascara sagraga; Cascarilla oil Cassie (Acacia farnesiana) flowers; Castoreum; Castoreum extract; Castoreum liquid; Castor (Ricinus communis) oil Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil; Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) extract; Celery (Apium graveolens) extract; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil Chamomile; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) flower; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil; Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil; Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) leaves; Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) oil; Cherry pit extract; Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) extract; Chestnut (Castanea dentata) leaves; Chestnut (Castanea sativa) extract; Chicory

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Cichorium intybus) extract; Cinchona extract Cinnamon bark extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil; Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) oil; Citrus extract; Civet Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil; Clove; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil Clover; Clover (Trifolium pratense) extract; Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) butter; Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) extract; Coffee (Coffea arabica) bean extract Cognac oil, green or white; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Corn syrup solids; Corn (Zea mays) silk; Corn (Zea mays) silk extract Costus (Saussurea lappa) oil; Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil; Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) extract; Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil; Curacao orange peel Damiana (Turnera diffusa); Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract; Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) root; Davana (Artemisia pallens) oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens) Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens) weed oil; Dill (Anethum sowa) seed oil; Dittany of Crete; Dog rose (Rosa canina) hips extract Elder flowers; Elder flowers extract; Elder (Sambucus nigra) flower extract; Elecampane (Inula helenium) extract; Elecampane (Inula helenium) root oil Elemi gum; Elemi oil; English oak (Quercus robur) extract; English oak (Quercus robur) wood; Ethyl decadienoate Ethyl formate; Eucalyptus globulus extract; Eucalyptus globulus oil; Everlasting (Helichrysum italicum) extract; Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) extract; Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum); Fenugreek

2349

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract; Fir (Abies alba) needle oil Fir (Abies sibirica) needle oil; Fir (Abies sibirica) needles and twigs; Galangal root extract; Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua); Garlic (Allium sativum) extract Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract; Geranium extract; Geranium maculatum extract; Geranium maculatum oil Germander (Teucrium chamaedrys) extract; Germander (Teucrium scorodonia) extract; Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract; Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil; Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) juice Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil; Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) seed extract; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) extract; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil; Guarana (Paullinia cupana) gum Guava (Psidium guajava); Guava (Psidium guajava) extract; Gum benzoin; Gum ghatti; Hemlock needles and twigs Hibiscus sabdariffa extract; Hickory bark extract; Hops (Humulus lupulus) oil; Horehound (Marrubium vulgare) extract; Horsemint (Monarda punctata) extract Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) extract; Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) oil; Iceland moss (Cetraria islandicus) extract; Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil; Jasmine (Jasminum officinale) extract Juniperus communis extract; Juniperus communis oil; Kelp; Kola (Cola acuminata) extract; Labdanum (Cistus labdaniferus) Laurel (Laurus nobilis); Laurel (Laurus nobilis) berries; Laurel (Laurus nobilis) extract; Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil; Lavandin (Lavandula hybrida) oil Lavender extract; Lavender oil; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) extract; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice extract Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) juice powder; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) peel extract; Lemongrass extract; Lemongrass oil East Indian Lemongrass oil West Indian; Lemon oil, distilled; Lemon oil terpeneless; Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) extract; Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra); Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Lime oil terpeneless; Linaloe (Bersera delpechiana) wood oil Linden flowers; Linden (Tilia americana) extract; Linden (Tilia cordata) extract; Linden (Tilia vulgaris) extract; Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract Lovage (Levisticum officinale) oil; Mace (Myristica fragrans); Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil; Maidenhair fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris) extract; Mandarin orange oil Marjoram (Majorana hortensis) oil; Marjoram (Thymus mastichina) oil; Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) extract; Matricaria (Chamomilla recutita) extract; Mentha arvensis oil Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) extract; Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) extract solid; Mullein (Verbascum thapsus) extract; Musk (Moschus moschiferus); Mustard oil Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) extract; Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) oil; Myrrh gum; Myrtle (Myrtus communis) extract; Myrtle (Myrtus communis) oil Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil; Oak bark extract; Oakmoss (Evernia prunastri) extract; Oak root extract; Oleoresin allspice Oleoresin basil; Oleoresin black pepper; Oleoresin capsicum; Oleoresin cinnamon bark; Oleoresin clove bud Oleoresin fenugreek; Oleoresin ginger; Oleoresin labdanum; Oleoresin mace; Oleoresin marjoram Oleoresin paprika; Oleoresin parsley leaf; Oleoresin parsley seed; Oleoresin rosemary; Oleoresin sage Oleoresin summer savory; Oleoresin turmeric; Oleoresin vanilla; Olibanum; Olibanum (Boswellia carterii) extract Olibanum (Boswellia carterii) oil; Onion (Allium cepa) extract; Onion (Allium cepa) oil; Opopanax gum; Opopanax (Opopanax chironium) oil Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) extract; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower oil; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) flower water; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) oil; Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) peel extract 2350

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Orange (Ctrus aurantium dulcis) flower extract; Orange oil, distilled; Orange oil terpeneless; Orange tincture; Oregano Origanum oil; Orris (Iris florentina) extract; Orris (Iris pallida) extract; Orris root extract; Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) extract Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) oil; Pansy (Viola tricolor) extract; Paprika (Capsicum annum); Parsley (Carum petroselinum) extract; Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil Parsley (Petroselinum crispum); Passion flower (Passiflora incarnata); Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) extract; Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) oil; Peach (Prunus persica) kernel extract Peach (Prunus persica) kernel oil; Peach (Prunus persica) leaf extract; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) stearine; Pennyroyal (Hedeoma pulegiodes) oil; Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) extract Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) oil; Peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract; Peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves; Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil; Petitgrain, lemon oil Petitgrain oil; Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) extract; Pimenta (Pimenta officinalis) leaf oil; Pineapple (Ananas sativus) extract; Pineapple (Ananas sativus) juice Pine (Pinus palustris) oil; Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil; Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle extract; Pine (Pinus sylvestris) needle oil; Pine (Pinus sylvestris) oil Pipsissewa (Chimaphila umbellata) leaves extract; Pomegranate (Punica granatum) bark extract; Poppyseed (Papaver somniferum); Quassia; Quince (Pyrus cydonia) seed Rhatany extract; Rhubarb (Rheum palmatum) extract; Rose extract; Rose flowers; Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis); Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract; Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) oil; Rose oil; Rose (Rosa centifolia) water Rosin; Rue; Rue (Ruta graveolens) oil; Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) extract; Saffron (Crocus sativus) Sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) oil; Sage (Salvia officinalis); Sage (Salvia officinalis) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

extract; Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil; Sambucus nigra oil Sandalwood (Santalum album); Sandalwood (Santalum album) extract; Sandalwood (Santalum album) oil; Sarsaparilla (Smilax aristolochiaefolia) extract; Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) extract Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) oil; Senna (Cassia obovata) extract; Sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil; Silver fir (Abies alba) needles and twigs; Sloe (Prunus spinosa) berries extract Snakeroot (Asarum canadense) oil; Soy sauce; Spearmint (Mentha spicata); Spearmint (Mentha spicata) extract; Spearmint (Mentha viridis) extract Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil; Spike lavender oil; Spruce oil; Star anise (Illicium verum) oil; Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) Storax (Liquidambar orientalis) oil; Summer savory (Satureia hortensis); Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) extract; Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil; Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) pit oil Sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana) oil; Swertia chirata extract; Tagetes oil; Tagetes (Tagetes erecta) extract; Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) extract Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) extract; Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) oil; Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus); Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) extract; Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil Tea (Thea sinensis) extract; Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X; TerraDry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X Decolorized; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Regular 200X; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Freeze Dried Decolorized 200X Thyme (Thymus vulgaris); Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract; Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa) oil; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract; Turpentine Valerian (Valeriana officinalis); Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) extract; Vanilla; Vanilla planifolia extract; Verbena officinalis extract Veronica officinalis extract; Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides) oil; Viburnum

2351

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference prunifolium; Violet; Walnut (Juglans regia) extract Walnut (Juglans regia) leaf extract; Walnut (Juglans regia) oil; Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) bark extract; Wild marjoram extract; Wild thyme (Thymus serpillum) extract Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) extract; Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens) oil; Winter savory (Satureja montana) oil; Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil; Yerba santa (Eriodictyon californicum) extract Ylang ylang (Cananga odorata) oil; Yucca; Yucca brevifolia; Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade); Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria) extract Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria) oil flavor, natural: fortified wines Calamus oil flavor, natural: frozen carbonated beverages Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) flavor, natural: frozen dairy desserts Rue flavor, natural: frozen dairy mixes Rue flavor, natural: fruit beverages Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) extract flavor, natural: fruit pies Allspice (Pimenta officinalis) flavor, natural: fruits Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil flavor, natural: fruit salads Mace (Myristica fragrans) oil flavor, natural: garam masala Clove flavor, natural: gelatin desserts Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil; Lemongrass oil East Indian; Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) oil flavor, natural: gin Juniperus communis oil flavor, natural: health drinks Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X; Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X Decolorized; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Regular 200X; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Freeze Dried Decolorized 200X

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, natural: health foods Aloe barbadensis gel; Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X; Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X Decolorized; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Regular 200X; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Freeze Dried Decolorized 200X flavor, natural: herbal teas Chamomile; Laurel (Laurus nobilis) flavor, natural: herbs Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract flavor, natural: honey Beeswax flavor, natural: ice cream Aconitic acid; Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Allspice (Pimenta officinalis); Ambrette (Hibiscus abelmoschus) seed oil; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) seed oil; Anise (Pimpinella anisum); Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil; Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum; Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract; Balm mint (Melissa officinalis) oil; Balsam Canada (Abies balsamea); Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae) oil; Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum); Basil (Ocimum basilicum); Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil; Bay (Pimenta acris) oil Beeswax; Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil; Birch (Betula alba) oil; Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil; Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) extract Black catechu (Acacia catechu) extract; Bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora) oil; Boronia (Boronia megastigma) flowers; Buchu leaves oil; Cajeput (Melaleuca leucadendron) oil Calamus oil; Camphor; Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax; Capsicum; Capsicum frutescens extract Caraway (Carum carvi); Caraway (Carum carvi) oil; Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum); Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil; Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil; Cascara (Rhamnus purshiana) extract; Cascarilla oil; 2352

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Cassie (Acacia farnesiana) flowers; Castoreum Castoreum extract; Castoreum liquid; Castor (Ricinus communis) oil; Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil; Celery (Apium graveolens) extract Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) extract; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil; Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flower oil; Cherry pit extract Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium); Chicory (Cichorium intybus) extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil; Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) oil; Citrus extract Civet; Clary (Salvia sclarea) oil; Clove; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) extract; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Clover (Trifolium pratense) extract; Cognac oil, green or white; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Corn (Zea mays) silk Costus (Saussurea lappa) oil; Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil; Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil; Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) extract; Davana (Artemisia pallens) oil Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Elder flowers; Elemi gum; Elemi oil; Ethyl formate Eucalyptus globulus oil; Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum); Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum) extract Galangal root extract; Galbanum (Ferula galbaniflua); Garlic (Allium sativum) oil; Gentian (Gentiana lutea) extract; Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil; Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil; Gum benzoin; Gum ghatti Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) oil; Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil; Laurel (Laurus nobilis); Laurel (Laurus nobilis) leaf oil; Lemongrass oil East Indian

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lemon oil terpeneless; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Lime oil terpeneless; Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract; Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) extract solid Musk (Moschus moschiferus); Myrrh gum; Oleoresin fenugreek; Oleoresin ginger; Oleoresin labdanum Oleoresin vanilla; Orange oil, distilled; Orange oil terpeneless; Orris (Iris florentina) extract; Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martini) oil Petitgrain, lemon oil; Rhatany extract; Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil; Rose oil; Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) extract Sloe (Prunus spinosa) berries extract; Snakeroot (Asarum canadense) oil; Spearmint (Mentha spicata) extract; Star anise (Illicium verum); Star anise (Illicium verum) oil Tagetes oil; Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) oil; Turmeric (Curcuma longa); Vanilla; Vanilla planifolia extract Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) bark extract; Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil flavor, natural: icings Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil; Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract; Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract; Vanilla planifolia extract flavor, natural: jellies Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil; Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil flavor, natural: juice blends Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X; Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X Decolorized; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Regular 200X; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Freeze Dried Decolorized 200X flavor, natural: juices Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) flavor, natural: liqueurs Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) oil; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil; Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil; Arnica montana; Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil

2353

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Caraway (Carum carvi) oil; Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil; Carrot (Daucus carota) seed extract; Damiana (Turnera diffusa); Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil Juniperus communis oil; Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil; Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil; Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil flavor, natural: liquor Ethyl decadienoate flavor, natural: luncheon meats Corn syrup solids flavor, natural: maraschino cherries Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil; Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) oil flavor, natural: margarine Saffron (Crocus sativus); Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: meat Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Allspice (Pimenta officinalis); Anise (Pimpinella anisum); Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil; Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract; Basil (Ocimum basilicum); Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil; Bay (Pimenta acris) oil; Capsicum Capsicum frutescens extract; Caraway (Carum carvi); Caraway (Carum carvi) oil; Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum); Carmine (Coccus cacti) Cedar leaf (Thuja occidentalis) oil; Celery (Apium graveolens) extract; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oil Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum); Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil; Clove Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Cubeb (Piper cubeba) oil; Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) oil Dill (Anethum graveolens); Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil; Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare); Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract; Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract; Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil; Laurel Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Laurus nobilis); Marjoram (Majorana hortensis) oil Oleoresin allspice; Oleoresin capsicum; Oleoresin clove bud; Oleoresin ginger; Oleoresin mace Oleoresin sage; Parsley (Petroselinum crispum); Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis); Rose oil; Spearmint (Mentha spicata) Star anise (Illicium verum); Star anise (Illicium verum) oil; Summer savory (Satureia hortensis); Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil; Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: meat loaf Corn syrup solids flavor, natural: meat sauces Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil flavor, natural: meat seasonings Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil flavor, natural: mincemeat Allspice (Pimenta officinalis) flavor, natural: mustard Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: natural fruit Mandarin orange oil; Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) oil flavor, natural: nonalcoholic beverages Lemongrass oil East Indian; Rose oil; Saffron (Crocus sativus); Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) oil flavor, natural: other flavors Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil flavor, natural: pastries Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens); Lemon (Citrus medica limonum) oil flavor, natural: peach Ethyl decadienoate flavor, natural: pear Ethyl decadienoate flavor, natural: peppermint tea Peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves flavor, natural: peppermint tea infusion Peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves flavor, natural: pickles Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract; Capsicum; Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) oil; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed

2354

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens); Dill (Anethum graveolens) seed oil Dill (Anethum graveolens) weed oil; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract; Oleoresin mace; Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil; Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: pies Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: plum pudding Allspice (Pimenta officinalis) flavor, natural: pork Sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) oil; Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil flavor, natural: poultry Sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) oil; Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil; Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: prepared meats Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil flavor, natural: pressed ham Corn syrup solids flavor, natural: puddings Angelica (Angelica archangelica) root oil; Angelica (Angelica archangelica) seed oil; Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae); Basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil; Bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia) oil Birch (Betula alba) oil; Bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus amara) oil; Calamus oil; Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract; Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil Cassie (Acacia farnesiana) flowers; Castoreum liquid; Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) oil; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil; Civet Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) leaf oil; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil; Cognac oil, green or white; Costus (Saussurea lappa) oil; Ethyl formate Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) oil; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract; Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil; Guaiac (Guaiacum officinale) wood oil; Gum benzoin Jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) oil; Lemongrass oil East Indian; Lemon oil

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

terpeneless; Lime oil terpeneless; Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) oil Oleoresin fenugreek; Oleoresin vanilla; Orange oil, distilled; Orange oil terpeneless; Orris (Iris florentina) extract Rose geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) oil; Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) oil; Tagetes oil; Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) bark extract flavor, natural: rendered fats Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: rice dishes Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: root beer Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria); Sassafras (Sassafras officinale) oil; Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) flavor, natural: rye bread Caraway (Carum carvi) flavor, natural rye: high-quality rye breads Rye Sour #4 flavor, natural: sauces Allspice (Pimenta officinalis); Asafetida (Ferula foetida) extract; Dill (Anethum graveolens); Marjoram (Majorana hortensis) oil; Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) flavor, natural: sausage casings Saffron (Crocus sativus) flavor, natural: sausages Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Corn syrup solids flavor, natural: schnapps Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria); Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) flavor, natural: seasoning blends Dill (Anethum graveolens) weed oil; Garlic (Allium sativum) oil flavor, natural: seasonings Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil; Sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) oil; Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil flavor, natural: soft candy Rue flavor, natural: soft drinks Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil; Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) oil; Mandarin orange oil; Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) oil 2355

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, natural: soups Allspice (Pimenal officinalis) oil; Allspice (Pimenta officinalis); Anise (Pimpinella anisum) oil; Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil; Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum Bay (Pimenta acris) oil; Capsicum; Carrot (Daucus carota sativa) oil; Celery (Apium graveolens) extract; Celery (Apium graveolens) seed Celery (Apium graveolens) seed oil; Elemi oil; Laurel (Laurus nobilis); Marjoram (Majorana hortensis) oil; Myrrh gum Parsley (Petroselinum crispum); Sage (Salvia lavandulaefolia) oil; Sage (Salvia officinalis) oil; Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil; Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: soy sauce NatureTones™ flavor, natural: spice blends Parsley (Carum petroselinum) seed oil flavor, natural: spiced cherries Clove flavor, natural: spiced fruits Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaf oil; Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) oil flavor, natural: spices Turmeric (Curcuma longa) flavor, natural: sports drinks Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X; Terra-Dry™ Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 100X Decolorized; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Spray Dried Regular 200X; Terra-Pure™ Non-Preserved Freeze Dried Decolorized 200X flavor, natural: stews Bay (Pimenta acris) oil; Dill (Anethum graveolens); Laurel (Laurus nobilis) flavor, natural: sweet goods Apple esters - 1, Natural flavor, natural: syrups Angelica (Angelica archangelica) extract; Balsam Peru (Myroxylon pereirae); Balsam tolu (Myroxylon balsamum); Birch (Betula alba) oil; Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum) Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Lime oil terpeneless; Lovage (Levisticum officinale) extract; Musk (Moschus moschiferus) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Oleoresin fenugreek; Vanilla planifolia extract; Wild cherry (Prunus serotina) bark extract flavor, natural: tobacco Molasses (Saccharum officinarum) extract; Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) extract solid; Orange oil terpeneless flavor, natural: toppings Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extract; Castoreum; Castoreum extract; Castoreum liquid; Grapefruit (Citrus grandis) oil Lemon oil terpeneless; Vanilla planifolia extract flavor, natural: vanilla extract Oleoresin vanilla flavor, natural: vanilla powder Oleoresin vanilla flavor, natural: vegetable drinks Aloe barbadensis gel flavor, natural: vegetables Caraway (Carum carvi); Dill (Anethum graveolens); Summer savory (Satureia hortensis) flavor, natural: vermouth Calamus oil; Summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil; Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) oil flavor, natural: vinegar Dill (Anethum graveolens); NatureTones™; Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) flavor, natural: wine NatureTones™ flavor, natural: wine coolers Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria); Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) flavor, natural: Worcestershire sauce Asafetida (Ferula asafoetida) gum; Clove flavor, natural zest: baked goods Bro White Sour flavor, nature identical essential oils p-Mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-yl acetate flavor, nectars Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder Trofi Trobana®; Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana® flavor, neroli: food Neryl/Geranyl Acetates 60/40, Natural

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, nonalcoholic beverages N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Methyl disulfide; Phenylacetaldehyde; Sodium propionate; Winsense™ Extra 400 Winsense™ Extra 500 flavor, nonnutritive sweeteners Arabinogalactan flavor, nonstandardized dressings Arabinogalactan flavor, nut Ammonium isovalerate; 2-Tridecanone flavor, nut prods. m-Cresol; p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; Furfuryl mercaptan; L-Glutamine; DLPhenylalanine Sodium chloride; Thiazole; 2,5-Xylenol; 3,4Xylenol flavor, nutritional prods. Hydrolyzed milk protein flavor, nutritional snack foods Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets flavor, oils Adipic acid; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides flavor, oleomargarine δ-Decalactone; δ-Dodecalactone flavor, olives Lactic acid flavor, omelets Egg White Solids Type P-21 flavor, onion oil Natural Replacer for Onion flavor, onions Dimethyl trisulfide flavor, oral hygiene p-Methoxycinnamaldehyde flavor, orange trans-4-Decenal flavor, orange beverages Caffeine flavor, orange juice prods. Ethyl vinyl ketone flavor, papaya: Papaya Powder Trobana® flavor, papaya: bread Papaya Powder Trobana® flavor, papaya: cakes Papaya Powder Trobana® flavor, papaya: dry fruit preps. Papaya Powder Trobana® flavor, papaya: frozen desserts Papaya Powder Trobana® Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, papaya: muffins Papaya Powder Trobana® flavor, papaya: pies Papaya Powder Trobana® flavor, papaya: powdered drinks Papaya Powder Trobana® flavor, papaya: soft-food diets Papaya Powder Trobana® flavor, Parmesan cheese: cheese blend prods. Parmesan Acid, Natural flavor, passion fruit: baby foods Passion Fruit Flakes Trobana® flavor, passion fruit: cakes Passion Fruit Flakes Trobana® flavor, passion fruit: drinks Passion Fruit Flakes Trobana®; Passion Fruit Flakes Trobana® flavor, passion fruit: dry fruit preps. Passion Fruit Flakes Trobana® flavor, passion fruit: soft-food diets Passion Fruit Flakes Trobana® flavor, passion fruit: soups Passion Fruit Flakes Trobana® flavor, passion fruit: vegetable preps. Passion Fruit Flakes Trobana® flavor, pasta dishes Veg-Con Carrot flavor, pastes Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat; Tomato Key - 1, Natural; Tomato Key 2, Natural flavor, peach Natural Replacer for Buchu flavor, pear 3-Hexenyl isovalerate flavor, peppermint p-Mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-yl acetate flavor, pet foods Caramel; Thaumatin flavor, pickles Allyl isothiocyanate; n-Butyl mercaptan; oCresol; Cyclopentanethiol; Diallyl trisulfide Dipropyl trisulfide; o-Isopropylphenol; Methyl jasmonate; 4-Methylpentanoic acid; 2-Nonanol Propenyl propyl disulfide; Thiogeraniol; 3,5,5-Trimethylhexan-1-ol

2357

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, pies Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder Trofi Trobana®; Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana® flavor, pineapple cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate; 3-Hexenyl isovalerate flavor, pineapple: bread Pineapple Flakes Trobana®; Pineapple Powder Trobana® flavor, pineapple: cake mixes Pineapple Flakes Trobana®; Pineapple Powder Trobana® flavor, pineapple: dry fruit preps. Pineapple Flakes Trobana®; Pineapple Powder Trobana® flavor, pineapple: frozen desserts Pineapple Flakes Trobana®; Pineapple Powder Trobana® flavor, pineapple: pies Pineapple Flakes Trobana®; Pineapple Powder Trobana® flavor, pineapple: powdered drinks Pineapple Flakes Trobana®; Pineapple Powder Trobana® flavor, pineapple: soft-food diets Pineapple Flakes Trobana®; Pineapple Powder Trobana® flavor, pizza crust Tang flavor, plum 3-Hexenyl isovalerate flavor, popcorn oil Butter esters flavor, pork Exter™ Family; Gb Select® flavor, potato Pyrazine Mixture, Natural flavor, potato prods. BHA; Novation® 6600 flavor, poultry Aromild®; Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; Hydrogen sulfide Lactic acid; Magnesium chloride; Malt extract; Maxavor™ RYE-D; MSG NP-3; NP-4; NP-5; D-Ribose; Soda Phos (FG) Sodium chloride; Sodium sulfoacetate derivs. of mono- and diglycerides flavor, poultry marinades Veg-Con Carrot Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, poultry prods. Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides flavor, powd. drink mixes Frescolat® ML flavor, powdered drink mixes Menthyl lactate; l-Menthyl lactate flavor, powdered drinks Banana Flakes Trobana®; Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana® flavor, prepared foods Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311 Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320 flavor preservative, feed Stearyl citrate flavor preservative, food Stearyl citrate flavor preservative, margarine Stearyl citrate flavor, preserves N-Butyl-2-methylbutyrate; Caramel; 2,4Dimethylbenzaldehyde; Ethyl 3(methylthio) propionate; Ethyl vinyl ketone 3-Hexanol; Hexyl 2-butenoate; Isobutyl isovalerate; Maltyl isobutyrate; Methyl jasmonate Thiogeraniol flavor, pretzels Tang flavor, processed cheeses Gluconolactone; Soda Phos (FG) flavor, processed meats NP-3; NP-4; NP-5 flavor protectant, food Eribate® flavor, pudding mixes Arabinogalactan; Caprylic alcohol flavor, pudding powders Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat flavor, puddings Acetaldehyde; Acetic acid; Acetophenone; 2-Acetylpyrrole; Alcohol Allyl anthranilate; Allyl butyrate; Allyl caproate; Allyl cyclohexanepropionate; Allyl 2-ethylbutyrate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Allyl 2-furoate; Allyl heptanoate; Allyl αionone; Allyl isovalerate; Allyl octanoate Allyl phenoxyacetate; Allyl sorbate; n-Amyl alcohol; Amyl butyrate; αAmylcinnamaldehyde Amyl heptanoate; Amyl hexanoate; Amyl octanoate; p-Anisyl acetate; p-Anisyl alcohol Anisyl formate; Anisyl phenylacetate; Anisyl propionate; Benzaldehyde; Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal; Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal; Benzoin; Benzyl acetate; Benzyl acetoacetate Benzyl alcohol; Benzyl butyl ether; Benzyl butyrate; Benzyl cinnamate; Benzyl isovalerate BHA; Bornyl acetate; n-Butyl acetate; Butyl butyrate; Butyl formate n-Butyl isovalerate; N-Butyl-2methylbutyrate; Butylparaben; Butyl phenylacetate; Butyl salicylate n-Butyric acid; Capric acid; 1,4-Cineole; Cinnamal; Cinnamyl alcohol Cinnamyl anthranilate; Cinnamyl butyrate; Cinnamyl isobutyrate; Cinnamyl isovalerate; Cinnamyl propionate Citronellal; β-Citronellol; Citronellyl acetate; Citronellyl butyrate; Citronellyl isobutyrate Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat; β-Cyclocitral; Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Cyclohexyl anthranilate; Cyclohexyl butyrate; Cyclohexyl propionate; γDecalactone; Decanal Decanal dimethyl acetal; Decyl acetate; Diacetyl; Dicyclohexyl disulfide; Diethyl DLmalate Diethyl malonate; Diethyl sebacate; 2,5Diethyltetrahydrofuran; Dihydrocoumarin; Dihydro-β-ionone 2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde; Dimethylbenzyl carbinol; 2,6-Dimethyl heptanol-4; α,αDimethylphenethyl butyrate; 2,3Dimethylpyrazine Disodium guanylate; γ-Dodecalactone; Dodecyl isobutyrate; Ethyl acetate; Ethylacetoacetate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ethyl aconitate, mixed esters; Ethyl anthranilate; p-Ethylbenzaldehyde; Ethyl benzoate; Ethyl butyrate Ethyl caproate; Ethyl cinnamate; Ethyl crotonate; Ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate; Ethyl decanoate 2-Ethyl-3,5(6)-dimethylpyrazine; 2Ethylfuran; 4-Ethylguaiacol; Ethyl heptanoate; Ethyl isobutyrate Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl laurate; Ethyl maltol; Ethyl methylphenylglycidate Ethyl 3-(methylthio) propionate; Ethyl octanoate; Ethyl oleate; Ethyl oxyhydrate; Ethyl phenylglycidate Ethyl propionate; Ethyl salicylate; Ethyl valerate; Ethyl vanillin; Ethyl vinyl ketone Eugenol; Eugenol; Farnesol; Fumaric acid; Furfural Furfuryl mercaptan; Fusel oil refined; Geraniol; Geranyl acetate; Geranyl butyrate Geranyl formate; Geranyl isobutyrate; Geranyl propionate; Glycerin; Guaiacyl acetate 4-Heptanone; 2-Heptylfuran; 3-Hexanol; 3Hexanone; cis-3-Hexenyl butyrate Hexyl benzoate; Hexyl 2-butenoate; Hexyl isobutyrate; Hexyl 2-methylbutyrate; Hexyl phenylacetate Hydrogen sulfide; Hydroquinone ethyl ether; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; γ-Ionone; Isoamyl acetate Isoamyl alcohol; Isoamylamine; Isoamyl benzoate; Isoamyl butyrate; Isoamyl formate Isoamyl 4-(2-furan) butyrate; Isoamyl hexanoate; Isoamyl isovalerate; Isoamyl octanoate; Isoamyl phenylacetate Isoamyl propionate; Isobornyl acetate; Isobutyl acetate; Isobutyl butyrate; Isobutyl formate Isobutyl-2-furanpropionate; Isobutyl isobutyrate; Isobutyl isovalerate; Isobutyl phenylacetate; Isoeugenyl benzyl ether Isopropyl myristate; Isopropyl tiglate; Linalool oxide; Linalyl phenylacetate; Maltyl isobutyrate 3-Methyl-2-butanol; 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol; 2-Methylbutyl acetate; Methyl disulfide; Methyl isoeugenol

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Methyl jasmonate; Methyl nicotinate; 2Methylpentanal; 3-Methylpentanoic acid; 3Methyl-5-propyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one Methyl sorbate; 5-Methyl-2thiophenecarboxyaldehyde; Musk ambrette; Myrtenol; β-Naphthyl ethyl ether β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether; cis-6-Nonen-1-ol; trans-2-Nonen-1-ol; 3-Octanol; cis-3-Octen1-ol Octyl 2-furoate; Octyl 2-methylbutyrate; Pentyl 2-furyl ketone; Phenol; Phenylacetaldehyde Phenylacetaldehyde diisobutyl acetal; Phenyl disulfide; 5-Phenyl-1-pentanol; 1Phenyl-1,2-propanedione; Propiophenone Propylene glycol alginate; 4-Propylphenol; Quinoline; Sodium propionate; Theaspirane Theobromine; Thiophenol; Tributyrin; 2Tridecanone; DL-α-Valine Vanillyl alcohol flavor, pumpkin: baby-food diets Pumpkin Flakes Trobana®; Pumpkin Powder Trobana® flavor, pumpkin: bread Pumpkin Flakes Trobana®; Pumpkin Powder Trobana® flavor, pumpkin: cake mixes Pumpkin Powder Trobana® flavor, pumpkin: cakes Pumpkin Flakes Trobana® flavor, pumpkin: dry soups Pumpkin Powder Trobana® flavor, pumpkin: frozen foods Pumpkin Essence - 1000 Fold Trobana® flavor, pumpkin: muffins Pumpkin Flakes Trobana®; Pumpkin Powder Trobana® flavor, pumpkin: pies Pumpkin Flakes Trobana®; Pumpkin Powder Trobana® flavor, pumpkin: refrigerated prods. Pumpkin Essence - 1000 Fold Trobana® flavor, pumpkin: soft-food diets Pumpkin Flakes Trobana®; Pumpkin Powder Trobana® flavor, pumpkin: vegetable preps. Pumpkin Flakes Trobana®; Pumpkin Powder Trobana® flavor, quinine water Quinine sulfate flavor, raspberry Neryl/Geranyl Acetates 60/40, Natural Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, raspberry formulation Ethyl heptanoate flavor, raspberry-strawberry: food Nerol/Geraniol 60/40, Natural flavor, raw meat Magnesium chloride flavor, reconstituted vegetables Thiazole flavor, reconstructing mint flavors 2,5-Diethyltetrahydrofuran flavor, reduced-calorie beers Redihop® flavor release aid, bakery fillings Vis*Quick® 11 flavor release aid, bakery icings Vis*Quick® 11 flavor release aid, broths Vis*Quick® 11 flavor release aid, confectionery Vis*Quick® 11 flavor release aid, emulsions Vis*Quick® 11 flavor release aid, gravies Vis*Quick® 11 flavor release aid, salad dressings Vis*Quick® 11 flavor release aid, sauces Vis*Quick® 11 flavor release aid, soups Vis*Quick® 11 flavor release aid, syrups Vis*Quick® 11 flavor release aid, toppings Vis*Quick® 11 flavor, relishes Methyl disulfide; Thiophenol flavor retention aid, food Calcium disodium EDTA flavor retention aid, marinades Citri-Fi® 100 M40; Citri-Fi® 300 FG flavor, rice dishes Veg-Con Carrot flavor, roast beef Maxavor™ RYE-B flavor, roasted/brown: savory system Maxavor™ RYE-A, RYE-AS flavor, roasted nuts Pyrazine Mixture, Natural flavor, rolls 2X White Sour; Gold n Flavor® 105-060 Table Grade Margarine; Sour Base M; White Sour 2360

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, root beer Caramel; Myrcene Supra, FCC flavor, Roquefort cheese 2-Methylbutyric acid flavor, rye Tang flavor, rye bread Ry-Fla-Vor flavor, salad dressings Allyl isothiocyanate; Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; Bakers yeast extract; Blue Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural; 2Heptanol Veg-Con Cucumber flavor, salad oils Isopropyl tiglate flavor, salads Gluconolactone flavor, salami Hydrolyzed milk protein; Hydrolyzed vegetable protein flavor, salivation causation Salivation Enhancer, Natural flavor, salsas Veg-Con Carrot; Veg-Con Carrot flavor, salty/meaty Red Miso Powder 6100 flavor, sauces Allyl isothiocyanate; Aromild®; Blue Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural; Cheddar Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural; Disodium guanylate Flavourcin™ 1500; Gluconolactone; Gold n Flavor® 105-060 Table Grade Margarine; Hydrolyzed milk protein; Hydrolyzed vegetable protein MSG; Superfine Ground Mustard; oThiocresol; Tomato Key - 1, Natural; Tomato Key - 2, Natural Veg-Con Carrot flavor, sauces mixes Hydrolyzed vegetable protein flavor, sausage casings Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; Propylparaben flavor, sausages Disodium inosinate; Gluconolactone flavor, savory Beef Booster, Natural; Difurfuryl disulfide; Dimethyl trisulfide; Hearty Beef Key, Natural; Natural Replace for Onion Thaumatin; Veg-Con Celery Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, savory: baked goods Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: beverages Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: cereal prods. Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: dips Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: dressings Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory flavor enhancement Veg-Con Carrot flavor, savory: flavor enhancement Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: food bases Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: gravies Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: meat marinades Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory packet mixes Hydrolyzed vegetable protein flavor, savory: pasta dishes Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: poultry marinades Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory prods. Crisp Note, Natural flavor, savory: rice dishes Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: salsas Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: sauces Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: snacks foods Veg-Con Celery flavor, savory: soups Veg-Con Celery flavor, seafood Aromild®; NP-3; NP-4; NP-5; Soda Phos (FG) flavor, seasonings Aromild®; L-Aspartic acid; n-Butyl mercaptan; m-Cresol; o-Cresol Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; pEthylbenzaldehyde; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301 Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311;

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320 L-Glutamine; o-Isopropylphenol; 4Methylpentanoic acid; DL-Phenylalanine; Propylene glycol alginate Resorcinol; Thiazole; L-Tyrosine; 2,5Xylenol; 3,4-Xylenol flavor, shellfish Beef Booster, Natural flavor, shortening BHA; Capric acid; Diacetyl; Glyceryl stearate SE; Hodag® S-35 K N-Hydroxysuccinic acid flavor, shortenings/edible oils Polysorbate 60 flavor, shrimp Sodium metabisulfite flavor, smoke: BBQ sauces Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast flavor, smoke: bologna Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast flavor, smoked meats Pyroligneous acid flavor, smoke: hot dogs Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast flavor, smoke: meat marinades Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast flavor, smoke: seasoning rubs Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast flavor, smoke: smoked sausages Lake States Hickory Smoked Torula Yeast flavor, snack dips Bakers yeast extract flavor, snack foods Adipic acid; Amaranthus cruentus; Aromild®; Cheddar Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural; m-Cresol Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303 Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320; Hydrolyzed vegetable protein 3-Octanol; Puffed Amaranth; Resorcinol; DRibose; L-Tyrosine Veg-Con Carrot; Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, soft candy Anisyl phenylacetate; Butyl salicylate; 1,4Cineole; β-Cyclocitral; 2,5Diethyltetrahydrofuran Dihydro-β-ionone; Diphenyl oxide; Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; pEthylbenzaldehyde 2-Ethylfuran; L-Glutamine; Guaiacyl acetate; Hexyl benzoate; Hydroquinone ethyl ether Isoeugenyl benzyl ether; Isopropyl myristate; Linalool oxide; 3-Methyl-2-buten1-ol; 2-Methylbutyl acetate Methyl disulfide; 3-Methyl-5-propyl-2cyclohexen-1-one; β-Naphthyl isobutyl ether; 3-Octanol; Octyl 2-methylbutyrate 5-Phenyl-1-pentanol; 4-Propylphenol; Sodium propionate; Theobromine; Thiophenol Tributyrin; Vanillyl alcohol flavor, soft-diet prods. Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder Trofi Trobana®; Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana® flavor, soft drinks Caramel; l-Carvone; Dimethyl anthranilate; Rhovanil™ Extra-Pure flavor, soups 2-Acetylfuran; Aromild®; Benzothiazole; 3Butylidenephthalide; n-Butyl mercaptan Butyrolactone; Cheddar Cheese Enhancer 1, Natural; m-Cresol; o-Cresol; Cyclopentanethiol Diallyl trisulfide; Dicyclohexyl disulfide; 2,3Dimethylpyrazine; Dimethyl trisulfide; Dipropyl trisulfide Disodium guanylate; Disodium inosinate; Ethyl maltol; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301 Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320 Flavourcin™ 1500; 1-Furfuryl-1H-pyrrole; Gold n Flavor® 105-060 Table Grade Margarine; 3-Hexanone; Hydrogen sulfide o-Isopropylphenol; Isopropyl tiglate; Methyl benzyl disulfide; 4-Methylpentanoic acid; MSG

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference 2-Naphthalenethiol; Natural Chicken Key; trans-2-Nonen-1-ol; Passion Fruit Powder Trobana®; Pea (Pisum sativum) Potassium carbonate; Propenyl propyl disulfide; Propyl disulfide; Quinoline; Resorcinol D-Ribose; o-Thiocresol; Tomato Key - 1, Natural; Tomato Key - 2, Natural; 2,4,5Trimethyl δ-3-oxazoline 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine; Veg-Con Carrot; 2,5-Xylenol; 3,4-Xylenol flavor, sour cream prods. Bakers yeast extract flavor, sour dough: bread Golden Gate Sour; Sour Dough Base flavor, sour dough: brown-and-serve prods. Natural Flavor White Sour flavor, sour dough: English muffins BFP White Sour; Natural Flavor White Sour flavor, sour dough: French bread BFP White Sour; Natural Flavor White Sour flavor, sour dough: rolls Golden Gate Sour flavor, sour dough: rye bread Bro Rye Sour; Dark Rye Sour; Rye Sour (Culture); Ry-So flavor, sour dough: rye flour-based snacks Ry-So flavor, sour dough: snack foods BFP White Sour; Natural Flavor White Sour; Sour Dough Base flavor, sour dough: specialty prods. Golden Gate Sour flavor, sour French Tang flavor, soya burgers Novation® 6600 flavor, soy milk Butyrolactone flavor, spearmint p-Mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-yl acetate flavor, specialty prods. 2X White Sour; Sour Base M; White Sour flavor, spice oleoresins Acetone; Isopropyl alcohol flavor, spice preps. Gluconolactone; pMethoxycinnamaldehyde; Sodium diacetate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flavor, spices Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract; 3Butylidenephthalide; Dimethyl trisulfide; α-Ionol; Propyl disulfide flavor, spoonable salad dressings Delta™ 7393; Delta™ SD 7393 flavor, spreads N-Butyl-2-methylbutyrate; Cheddar Cheese Enhancer - 1, Natural; Cocoa Powder Natural; Cocoa Powder Natural - High Fat; Cocoa Powder Natural - Medium Fat 2,4-Dimethylbenzaldehyde; Ethyl 3(methylthio) propionate; Flavourcin™ 1500; 2-Heptanol; 3-Hexanol Isobutyl isovalerate; Maltyl isobutyrate; Methyl jasmonate; 2-Nonanol; Thiogeraniol flavor, steak sauce Ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate flavor, stews Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311 Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320 flavor, strawberry Praline Reaction Flavor, Natural flavor, strawberry: food Melon Key, Natural flavor, stuffing Hydrolyzed milk protein; Hydrolyzed vegetable protein; Puffed Amaranth flavor, succulence Salivation Enhancer, Natural flavor, sugar refining Phosphoric acid flavor, surimi Sorbogem™ flavor, sweet goods Coffee Booster - 1, Natural; Coffee Booster - 2, Natural flavor, sweet potato: soft food diets Sweet Potato Flakes Trobana® flavor, sweet roasted pork Maxavor™ RYE-D flavor, sweets Aromild®; Frescolat® ML; Menthyl lactate flavor, synthetic Avapol™ 60; Camphene P&F, FCC; Captex® 500; Durtan® 60; Eastman® Triacetin, Food Grade 2363

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Glycomul® S KFG; Lumisorb™ SMS KP; alpha-Pinene P&F; Polycon® S60 K; Sorbitan 60 K flavor, synthetic: alcoholic beverages Butyl stearate; Ethyl formate flavor, synthetic: baked goods Acetyl methyl carbinol; Butyl stearate; Camphor; Citral dimethyl acetal; Ethyl formate Methylparaben flavor, synthetic: beverages Butyl stearate; Citral dimethyl acetal; Ethyl formate; Methylparaben flavor, synthetic: candy Acetyl methyl carbinol; Butyl stearate; Camphor; Citral dimethyl acetal; Ethyl formate flavor, synthetic: chewing gum Butyl stearate; Citral dimethyl acetal; Ethyl formate flavor, synthetic: condiments Camphor flavor, synthetic: cottage cheeses Acetyl methyl carbinol flavor, synthetic: food 2´-Acetonaphthone; Acetyl butyryl; 3Acetyl-2,5-dimethylfuran; Acetyl methyl carbinol; 2-Acetylpyrazine 2-Acetylpyridine; Acetyl tributyl citrate; Allyl acetate; Allyl propyl disulfide; Ambrettolide Amyl acetate; s-Amyl alcohol; Amyl benzoate; Amyl isovalerate; Amyl propionate Amyl salicylate; p-Anisic acid; Beechwood creosote; Benzyl disulfide; Benzylidene acetone Birch (Betula pendula) tar oil; Bornyl butyrate; 2-Butanol; Butan-3-one-2-yl butyrate; n-Butylamine t-Butyl ethyl malonate; Butyl stearate; Camphor; Caproic acid; Caryophyllene alcohol Caryophyllene alcohol acetate; βCaryophyllene oxide; Cedarwood oil alcohols; Cedarwood oil terpenes; Cinnamyl benzoate Citral dimethyl acetal; Citral propylene glycol acetal; Citronellal 80; Citronelloxyacetaldehyde; o-Cresyl acetate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

p-Cresyl acetate; Crotonic acid; Cuminic alcohol; Cyclamen aldehyde; Cyclohexanone Cyclopentanone; 3-Decanone; 2-Decenal; cis-4-Decen-1-al; trans-2-Decenal 3-Decen-2-one; cis-Dihydrocarvone; dDihydrocarvone; o-Dimethoxybenzene; 2,6Dimethoxy phenol 2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal; 2,6Dimethylpyrazine; 2,5-Dimethylpyrrole; Dimethyl sulfide; Ethylene brassylate Ethyl formate; 2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine; Furfuryl butyrate; Geranyl acetone; Guaiene Guaiol acetate; Heptanoic acid; 3-Heptanol; cis-4-Hepten-1-al; γ-Hexalactone 1-Hexanethiol; 2-Hexenol; cis-3-Hexenol; trans-2-Hexenyl acetate; 3-Hexenyl isobutyrate cis-3-Hexenyl isovalerate; cis-3-Hexenyl phenylacetate; Hexyl acetate; 2-Hexyl-4acetoxytetrahydrofuran; Hexyl alcohol Hexyl butyrate; α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde; Hexyl formate; Hexyl hexanoate; 2Hexylidene cyclopentanone Hexyl isovalerate; Hexyl octanoate; Hexyl propionate; Hydrocinnamaldehyde; Hydrocinnamic acid Hydrocinnamic alcohol; Hydrocinnamyl acetate; p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde; 4Hydroxybenzoic acid; Hydroxycitronellal diethyl acetal Hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal; Hydroxycitronellol; 4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl3(2H) furanone; 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-2heptanone; 5-Hydroxy-4-octanone 4-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone; Indole; αIrone; Isoamyl acetoacetate; Isoamyl isobutyrate Isoamyl-2-methylbutyrate; Isobutyl-2butenoate; 2-Isobutyl-3-methoxy-pyrazine; 2-Isobutylthiazole; Isojasmone α-Isomethylionone; Isopropanolamine; Isopropyl acetate; pIsopropylacetophenone; Isopropyl benzoate Isopropyl butyrate; Isopropyl cinnamate; Isopropyl formate; Isopropyl hexanoate; Isopropyl isobutyrate Isopropyl isovalerate; pIsopropylphenylacetaldehyde; Isopropyl phenylacetate; 3-(p-Isopropylphenyl) propionaldehyde; Isopropyl propionate 2364

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Isopulegol; Isopulegone; Isopulegyl acetate; Isoquinoline; Isosafrole Isovaleraldehyde; Isovaleric acid; cisJasmone; Lauric aldehyde; Lauryl acetate Lauryl alcohol; Lepidine; Levulinic acid; Linalyl anthranilate; Linalyl benzoate Linalyl butyrate; Linalyl cinnamate; Linalyl formate; Linalyl hexanoate; Linalyl isobutyrate Linalyl isovalerate; Linalyl octanoate; Linalyl propionate; 2,6-Lutidine; Maltyl propionate p-Mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-ol; p-Mentha-8thiol-3-one; p-Menth-3-en-1-ol; l-Menthone; trans-Menthone Menthyl acetate; dl-Menthyl acetate; lMenthyl acetate; Menthyl isovalerate; 2Mercaptopropionic acid o-Methoxybenzaldehyde; oMethoxycinnamaldehyde; 2-Methoxy-4methylphenol; 2-Methoxy-3(5)methylpyrazine; 4-p-Methoxyphenyl-2butanone 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1-penten-3one; 1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3-one; 1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone; 2Methoxypyrazine; 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol Methyl acetate; 4´-Methyl acetophenone; 2Methylallyl butyrate; Methyl p-anisate; oMethylanisole p-Methylanisole; Methyl benzoate; αMethylbenzyl acetate; α-Methylbenzyl alcohol; α-Methylbenzyl butyrate α-Methylbenzyl formate; Methylbenzyl isobutyrate; α-Methylbenzyl propionate; 3Methyl-1-butanethiol; 2-Methyl-1-butanol 2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol; 2-Methylbutyl isovalerate; Methyl p-t-butylphenylacetate; 2-Methylbutyraldehyde; Methyl butyrate Methyl caproate; Methyl caprylate; αMethylcinnamaldehyde; pMethylcinnamaldehyde; 6-Methylcoumarin 2-Methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene; 2-Methyl-1,3cyclohexanedione; 3-Methyl-2-cyclohexen1-one; Methyl cyclopentenolone; 3-Methyl2-cyclopenten-2-ol-1-one Methyl dihydrojasmonate; Methyl ethyl sulfide; Methyl 2-furoate; 6-Methyl-3,5heptadien-2-one; Methyl heptanoate 2-Methylheptanoic acid; 6-Methyl-5-hepten2-ol; Methyl heptenone; Methyl hexyl ketone; Methyl hydrogenated rosinate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methyl α-ionone; Methyl β-ionone; Methyl δionone; Methyl isobutyl ketone; Methyl isobutyrate Methyl isovalerate; Methyl laurate; Methyl mercaptan; Methyl o-methoxybenzoate; Methyl-2-methylbutyrate Methyl 3-methylthiopropionate; Methyl 4methylvalerate; Methyl myristate; αMethylnaphthalene; Methyl 2-nonenoate Methyl 2-nonynoate; 2-Methyloctanal; Methyl 2-octynoate; Methylparaben; Methyl pelargonate 4-Methyl-2,3-pentanedione; 2Methylpentanoic acid; Methyl phenylacetate; 3-Methyl-4-phenyl-3-buten-2one; 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl acetate 2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl isobutyrate; 3Methyl-2-phenylbutyraldehyde; Methyl 4phenylbutyrate; 4-Methyl-1-phenyl-2pentanone; Methyl 3-phenylpropionate 2-Methyl-1-propanethiol; Methyl propionate; Methyl propyl ketone; 2-Methylpyrazine; 3Methylthiopropionaldehyde 2-Methyl-3-tolylpropionaldehyde, mixed o-, m-, p-; Methyl 9-undecenoate; Methyl 2undecynoate; Methyl valerate; Myrcene Myristaldehyde; Myristyl alcohol; dNeomenthol; Nerol; Nerolex™ FCC Neryl acetate; Neryl butyrate; Neryl formate; Neryl isobutyrate; Neryl isovalerate Neryl propionate; trans,trans-2,4Nonadienal; 2,6-Nonadien-1-ol; Nonanal; 1,3-Nonanediol acetate, mixed esters Nonanoic acid; 2-Nonanone; 3-Nonanon-1yl acetate; Nonanoyl 4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzylamide; n-Nonyl acetate Nonyl alcohol; Nonyl isovalerate; Nonyl octanoate; Ocimene; γ-Octalactone Octane; 3-Octanone; 3-Octanon-1-ol; 1Octen-3-yl acetate; 3-Octyl acetate Octyl butyrate; Octyl formate; Octyl heptanoate; Octyl isobutyrate; Octyl isovalerate Octyl octanoate; Octyl phenylacetate; Octyl propionate; Paraldehyde; PEG-10 sorbitan laurate PEG-3 sorbitan oleate; PEG-3 sorbitan stearate; Pelargonyl vanillylamide; Pentadecalactone; 4-Pentenoic acid 1-Penten-3-ol; Perillaldehyde; Perillyl acetate; Perillyl alcohol; α-Phellandrene

2365

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Phenethyl anthranilate; Phenethyl benzoate; Phenethyl butyrate; Phenethyl cinnamate; Phenethyl formate Phenethyl isobutyrate; Phenethyl isovalerate; Phenethyl-2-methylbutyrate; Phenethyl phenylacetate; Phenethyl propionate Phenethyl salicylate; Phenethyl senecioate; Phenethyl tiglate; Phenoxyacetic acid; Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate Phenylacetaldehyde 2,3-butylene glycol acetal; Phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal; Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetal; Phenylacetaldehyde glyceryl cyclic acetals; Phenyl acetate Phenylacetic acid; 4-Phenyl-2-butanol; 4Phenyl-3-buten-2-ol; 4-Phenyl-2-butyl acetate; 2-Phenylethyl acetate 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-3-pentanol; oPhenylphenol; 1-Phenyl-1-propanol; 2Phenylpropyl butyrate; 3-Phenylpropyl cinnamate 3-Phenylpropyl formate; 3-Phenylpropyl hexanoate; 2-Phenylpropyl isobutyrate; 3Phenylpropyl isobutyrate; 3-Phenylpropyl isovalerate 3-Phenylpropyl propionate; 2-(3Phenylpropyl) tetrahydrofuran; Phenyl salicylate; α-Pinene; β-Pinene Pine (Pinus palustris) tar oil; Piperidine; Piperitenone; d-Piperitone; Piperonyl acetate Piperonyl isobutyrate; Polydipentene; Propionaldehyde; Propionic acid; Propyl acetate Propyl alcohol; Propyl benzoate; Propyl butyrate; Propyl cinnamate; Propyl formate Propyl 2-furanacrylate; Propyl heptanoate; Propyl hexanoate; 3-Propylidenephthalide; Propyl isobutyrate Propyl isovalerate; Propyl mercaptan; αPropylphenethyl alcohol; Propyl phenylacetate; Propyl propionate Pulegone; d-Pulegone; Pyrazine; Pyridine; Pyroligneous acid extract Pyruvaldehyde; Pyruvic acid; Rhodinol; (-)Rhodinol; Rhodinyl acetate Rhodinyl butyrate; Rhodinyl formate; Rhodinyl isobutyrate; Rhodinyl isovalerate; Rhodinyl phenylacetate Rhodinyl propionate; Safrol; Salicylaldehyde; Santalol; Santalyl acetate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Santalyl phenylacetate; Skatole; Sorbitan stearate; Styrene; Sucrose octaacetate α-Terpinene; γ-Terpinene; α-Terpineol; βTerpineol; Terpineol anhydrous Terpinolene; Terpinyl acetate; Terpinyl anthranilate; Terpinyl butyrate; Terpinyl cinnamate Terpinyl formate; Terpinyl isobutyrate; Terpinyl isovalerate; Terpinyl propionate; Tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol; Tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate; Tetrahydrofurfuryl propionate; Tetrahydropseudo-ionone; Tetramethyl ethylcyclohexenone 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine; 2-Thienyl mercaptan; Thymol; Tolualdehyde glyceryl acetal, mixed o, m, p; Tolyl aldehyde p-Tolyl aldehyde; o-Tolyl isobutyrate; pTolyl isobutyrate; p-Tolyl laurate; p-Tolyl phenylacetate 2-(p-Tolyl) propionaldehyde; 2-Tridecenal; Trimethylamine; Trimethylcyclohexanol; Trimethyl thiazole 2,3-Undecadione; δ-Undecalactone; γUndecalactone; Undecanal; 2-Undecanone 9-Undecenal; 10-Undecenal; Undecen-1-ol; 2-Undecenol; Undecenyl acetate Undecyl alcohol; n-Valeric acid; Vanillin acetate; Vanillin isobutyrate; Veratraldehyde Zingerone flavor, synthetic: food colors Methylparaben flavor, synthetic: gelatin Acetyl methyl carbinol flavor, synthetic: ice cream Acetyl methyl carbinol; Butyl stearate; Camphor; Citral dimethyl acetal; Ethyl formate flavor, synthetic: ices Acetyl methyl carbinol flavor, synthetic: margarine Acetyl methyl carbinol flavor, synthetic: milk Methylparaben flavor, synthetic: nonalcoholic beverages Acetyl methyl carbinol flavor, synthetic: puddings Acetyl methyl carbinol; Ethyl formate flavor, synthetic: shortening Acetyl methyl carbinol 2366

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, synthetic: wine Methylparaben flavor, syrups Ammonium isovalerate; Amyl butyrate; DLBorneol; Bornyl acetate; Bornyl formate Bornyl isovalerate; Caramel; Cocoa Powder Lightly Alkalized - Medium Fat; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat Cocoa Powder Natural; Cocoa Powder Natural - High Fat; Cocoa Powder Natural Medium Fat; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl nitrite Ethyl phenylacetate; Furfural; Geranyl acetate flavor, table syrups 42/43 Corn Syrup; Soda Phos (FG) flavor, tableted food supplements Cetyl alcohol; Isopropyl alcohol flavor, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) flavor, taco: flavored cheeses FloAm® 500 TF flavor, tangerine trans-4-Decenal flavor, tea Gardenia Florida extract; Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mycelium Biomass, Certified Organic flavor, tea compositions Trimethylbenzyl alcohol flavor, tobacco 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine; Ethyl furaneol; Isobutyl phenylacetate; Pyrazine Mixture, Natural; Sorbic acid flavor, tomatoes Maxavor™ RYE-T flavor, tonic water Quinine sulfate flavor, toppings Allyl α-ionone; Ammonium alginate; Benzyl phenylacetate; Butter esters; Carboxymethylcellulose Cinnamyl isobutyrate; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized; Cocoa Powder Medium Alkalized - Medium Fat; Cocoa Powder Natural; Cocoa Powder Natural - High Fat Cocoa Powder Natural - Medium Fat; δDecalactone; Defatted Wheat Germ #1; Defatted Wheat Germ #2; Defatted Wheat Germ #5

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Defatted Wheat Germ #6; Defatted Wheat Germ #8; δ-Dodecalactone; Ethyl isobutyrate; Geraniol Guaiacyl phenylacetate; Isoamyl phenylacetate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous flavor, tropical Cassis Ketone, Natural; cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate; Melon Key, Natural; Passionate Melon, Natural flavor, vanilla Malt extract; V-V Artificial Vanilla® flavor, vegetable: bases Veg-Blend Meripoix flavor, vegetable: beverages Veg-Blend 7 w/spice; Veg-Blend 7 w/o spice flavor, vegetable oils Glyceryl oleate flavor, vegetable preps. Passion Fruit Powder Trobana® flavor, vegetables Acetone; Aromild®; Octanal dimethyl acetal; Soda Phos (FG) flavor, vegetable: sauces Veg-Blend Meripoix flavor, vegetable: soups Veg-Blend Meripoix flavor, vegetable spreads Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5300; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5301; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5303; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5307; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5311 Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5317; Fermented Soy Sauce Powd. 5320 flavor, vegetarian burgers Novation® 6600 flavor, vine-ripened: berries Freshness Enhancer - MBF, Natural; Must Enhancer, Natural flavor, vine-ripened: fruits Freshness Enhancer - MBF, Natural; Must Enhancer, Natural flavor, vine-ripened: mints Freshness Enhancer - MBF, Natural flavor, watermelon Melon Key, Natural; 2-trans,6-cisNonadienol flavor, whey Soda Phos (FG) flavor, whipped toppings Hodag® S-35 K; Polysorbate 60 2367

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flavor, wine Glucose; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Lactic acid flavor, yeast-leavened baked goods Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous flavor, yogurt Banana Flakes Trobana®; Banana Powder Trofi Trobana®; Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88 Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid HeatStable 80; Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 Organic Banana Powder Bio-Trofi Trobana® flexibilizer, baked buns TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT PreHydrated® flexibilizer, baked goods TIC Pretested® Colloid 590 T Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid Fold 'N Flex Powd. flexibilizer, bakery bun glazes TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd. flexibilizer, bakery glazes TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder flexibilizer, frozen tortillas TIC Pretested® Colloid 590 T Powder flexibilizer, pita breads TIC Pretested® Colloid Fold 'N Flex Powd. flexibilizer, pizza doughs TIC Pretested® Colloid Fold 'N Flex Powd. flexibilizer, tortillas TIC Pretested® Colloid Fold 'N Flex Powd. float, fermentation fluids Drakeol® 10; Drakeol® 10B; Drakeol® 13; Drakeol® 15; Drakeol® 19 Drakeol® 21; Drakeol® 34; Drakeol® 35; Drakeol® 350; Drakeol® 32 Drakesol® 165; Drakesol® 165AT; Drakesol® 205; Drakesol® 220; Drakesol® 260

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Draketex 50; Ervol®; Hydrobrite® 300PO; Kaydol® float, fermentation fluids: vinegar Petroleum hydrocarbons, odorless, light float, fermentation fluids: wine Petroleum hydrocarbons, odorless, light flocculant, clarification: beet sugar juice Acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer; Polyacrylamide flocculant, clarification: beet sugar juice/liquor Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer; Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer flocculant, clarification: cane sugar juice Polyacrylamide flocculant, clarification: cane sugar juice/liquors Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer; Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer flocculant, clarification: corn starch hydrolysate Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer flocculant, clarification: corn starch hydrolysates Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer flocculant, clarification: refinery sugar juices Dimethylamine/epichlorohydrin copolymer flocculant, clarification: refinery sugar liquors Dimethylamine/epichlorohydrin copolymer flocculant, food Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins flocculant, health foods Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins flocculant, sugar beet processing Polyacrylic acid flocculant, sugar cane processing Polyacrylic acid flocculant, sugar clarification Amerfloc® 275; Potassium alum anhydrous flocculant, sugar liquors/juices Poly (2-hydroxypropyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride) flotation agent, beverages MingQiong Brand flotation agent, canned foods MingQiong Brand flotation agent, ice cream MingQiong Brand flotation agent, meat prods. MingQiong Brand flotation agent, sugar MingQiong Brand 2368

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flour improver Citrocoat®; Emulthin M-35 flour improver, baked goods Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids flour improver, baking additives Soyapan™ flour improver, bread improvers Soyapan™ flour improver, ready mixes Soyapan™ flour improver, wh. bread Soyapan™ flour improver, wh. toast Soyapan™ flour maturing agent Potassium persulfate flour replacement Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten flour replacement, baked goods ActiStar™ RT 75330 flour replacement, partial: baked goods Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Oat (Avena sativa) fiber flour replacement, partial: beverages Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber flour replacement, partial: cereals Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Oat (Avena sativa) fiber flour replacement, partial: low-fat systems Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber flour replacement, partial: meat prods. Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber flour replacement, partial: pasta Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber flour replacement, partial: sauces Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber flour replacement, partial: snack foods Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Oat (Avena sativa) fiber flour replacement, partial: supplements Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber flour treatment agent Acetone peroxides; Ammonium persulfate; Amylase; Azodicarbonamide; Calcium oxide Calcium sulfate; Chlorine dioxide; Nitrosyl chloride; Nitrous oxide; Urea flour treatment agent, baked goods Ammonium sulfate; Calcium phosphate dibasic

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flour treatment agent, baking mixes Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous flour treatment agent, beer Bromelain flour treatment agent, beer-brewing Ammonium chloride flour treatment agent, breads Acetone peroxides; Bromelain; Calcium iodate; Potassium iodate flour treatment agent, cereal prods. Calcium phosphate dibasic flour treatment agent, cereals Bromelain flour treatment agent, food Ammonium chloride; Ammonium lactate; Ammonium sulfate; Benzoyl peroxide; Bromelain Calcium lactate; Calcium peroxide; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Calcium phosphate tribasic L-Cystine; Ficin; Magnesium carbonate hydroxide; Magnesium lactate; Papain Potassium bromate; Potassium iodate; Protease; Stearyl tartrate flour treatment agent, food processing Chlorine flour treatment agent, gelatin Ammonium sulfate flour treatment agent, meat Bromelain flour treatment agent, poultry Bromelain flour treatment agent, puddings Ammonium sulfate flour treatment agent, rolls Acetone peroxides flour treatment agent, whole wheat flour Nitrosyl chloride flour treatment agent, wine Bromelain flour treatment agent, yeast-leavened baked goods Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous flow aid Merecol® LK; Vivapur® 102 flow aid, bakery prods. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose flow aid, baking powder DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 flow aid, batter mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 2369

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flow aid, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose flow aid, breading mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 flow aid, breads Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 flow aid, cereals Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 flow aid, cheeses Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Qual Flo® 20E; Qual Flo® 20PS; Qual Flo® 200 Qual Flo® 200LD; Qual Flo® EXT; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 flow aid, cheese powders Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 flow aid, chocolate Crester PR; Topcithin® flow aid, chocolate: coatings Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate flow aid, coatings Crester PR flow aid, confectioners' sugar DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 flow aid, confectionery Purity® FC flow aid, dough prods. DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 flow aid, dough skins Purity® FC flow aid, dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose flow aid, drink mixes Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 flow aid, dry-food mixes Hoosier 5; Purity® 5; Purity® 825; Purity® FC flow aid, dry mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418; SolkaFloc® 20 FCC; Solka-Floc® 40 NF; SolkaFloc® 200 FCC Solka-Floc® 300 FCC; Solka-Floc® 900 FCC flow aid, food Aeroperl® 300 Pharma; Baysical® KN; CabO-Sil® M-5; Hubersorb® 600; Hubersorb® 5121 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Magnesium caprate; Magnesium carbonate hydroxide; Magnesium oxide; Mag-nificent

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Maltrin® QD M440; Maltrin® QD M500; Maltrin® QD M550; Maltrin® QD M580; Maltrin® QD M600 D-Mannitol; Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Qual Flo®; Qual Flo® C Silcasil S; SiLCRON® G-100; SiLCRON® G100T; SiLCRON® G-600; SiLCRON® G-601 SiLCRON® G-650; SiLCRON® G-910; Silica, fumed; Sorbitol; Synpro® Calcium Stearate Kosher Food Grade (LD) Synpro® Magnesium Stearate Food Grade (Kosher); Synpro® Zinc Stearate (Kosher); Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102; Topcithin® Vivapur® 200; Zeofree® 80; Zeofree® 5162; Zeolex® 7; Zeolex® 7A Zeolex® 23A; Zeolex® 201; Zeolex® 5161; Zeolex® 5162; Zeosyl® 110SD Zeosyl® 200 flow aid, food powders Magnesium Stearate NF FGD flow aid, foods contg. nonaq. liqs. N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin flow aid, foods contg. vegetable oils N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin flow aid, fudge sauces Aldo® MS KFG flow aid, grated cheeses Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 101; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101 flow aid, ground cheeses Vivapur® 101 flow aid, high-acid sauces Thermshear flow aid, ice cream Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose flow aid, icing mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 flow aid, infant formulas Magnesium oxide; Topcithin® flow aid, instant foods Vivapur® 101 flow aid, instant powders Baysical® KN flow aid, lemon sauces Thermshear flow aid, milk prods. Topcithin® flow aid, molten chocolate DREWPOL PGPR flow aid, mozzarella Qual Flo®

2370

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference flow aid, noodle prods. DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 flow aid, noodles Purity® FC flow aid, pan Proflex flow aid, pasta Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 flow aid, pastries Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 flow aid, plum sauces Thermshear flow aid, powdered cheeses Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 101; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101 flow aid, powdered foods Vitacel® Oat Fiber HF 101 flow aid, powdered mixes Topcithin® flow aid, powdered prods. Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101 flow aid, powdered sweeteners Silica, hydrated flow aid, powdered prods. Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 flow aid, Provolone cheeses Qual Flo® flow aid, retorted prods. Pregel 40 flow aid, salad dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose flow aid, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose flow aid, sauces Hoosier 5 flow aid, seasonings Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101; Vivapur® 101 flow aid, shredded cheeses Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 flow aid, shredded/grated cheeses Solka-Floc® 20 FCC; Solka-Floc® 200 FCC; Solka-Floc® 300 FCC; Solka-Floc® 900 FCC flow aid, snack foods Microcel® 101; Microcel® 102; Tabulose® 101; Tabulose® 102 flow aid, soups Hoosier 5

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

flow aid, spices Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 flow aid, table salt Baysical® KN; Silica, hydrated flow aid, tablets Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L101; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber 101 flow control agent, cake mixes Sipernat® 50; Sipernat® 50S flow control agent, cocoa powders Sipernat® 50S flow control agent, dried soups Sipernat® 22S; Sipernat® 50S flow control agent, food Cab-O-Sil® M-5P; Silica, amorphous; Sipernat® 22; Sipernat® 22S; Sipernat® 50 Sipernat® 50S flow control agent, guar gum Sipernat® 22S flow control agent, high-fat seasonings Sipernat® 50 flow control agent, powdered cheeses Sipernat® 22S flow control agent, powdered foods Flo-Gard® SP flow control agent, small particle size foods Flo-Gard® FF flow control agent, spices Sipernat® 22S; Sipernat® 50 flume wash water additive, food processing Ethylenediamine; Oleic acid flume wash water additive, sugar beets Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate flume wash water additive, washing/lye peeling: fruits/vegetables Tetrasodium EDTA flume wash water additive, washing sugar beets Butoxyethanol; Triethanolamine flume water additive, sugar beet washing Ethanolamine; Ethylene dichloride foam builder, angel food cakes Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC foam builder, baby foods Pisane® foam builder, barley drinks Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) foam builder, barley drinks Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade)

2371

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference foam builder, bar mixes Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) foam builder, beer Hexahop Gold®; Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria); Tetrahop®; Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) foam builder, beverage mixes Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K foam builder, beverages Glycosperse® S-20 KFG; KocoaKreme 154; NFDM Phos LD Instant; NFDM Phos Nth Instant; Tween® 60K foam builder, biscuits Pisane® foam builder, cakes Poem DS-100A; Polysorbate 60 foam builder, candy Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC foam builder, canned pet foods Methocel® K100LV Premium foam builder, cappuccino DP 374 foam builder, carbonated beverages Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) foam builder, chiffon pies Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC foam builder, cocktail mixes Yucca foam builder, coffee whiteners Polysorbate 60 foam builder, confectionery coatings Polysorbate 60 foam builder, desserts Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; Pisane® foam builder, dietetic prods. CFM® 190; Methocel® K15M Premium; Pisane® foam builder, dressings CFM® 190; Polysorbate 60 foam builder, egg white substitutes CFM® 190 foam builder, exaggerated foam prods. Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) foam builder, extruded seafood prods. Methocel® K4M Premium foam builder, fish prods. Pisane® foam builder, flour pastes Emasol L-10(F); Emasol P-10(F) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foam builder, foamy bar mixes Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) foam builder, foamy cocktail mixes Yucca glauca extract foam builder, food Castor (Ricinus communis) oil; DK Foamer; Methocel® E4M Premium EP; Methocel® E6 Premium; Methocel® E15LV Premium Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100M Premium; Methyl ethyl cellulose Mono Ace SP Gold; Polysorbate 60; Sammi Gelatine; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins; Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) foam builder, food processing Benzalkonium chloride; NKC-610 Benzalkonium Chloride; Sulfotex OA foam builder, fortified beverages CFM® 190 foam builder, frozen carbonated beverages Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) foam builder, gravies Methocel® K15M Premium foam builder, health foods Pisane®; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins foam builder, hot beverages DP 374 foam builder, hot chocolate drinks DP 374 foam builder, ice cream cones Methocel® K4M Premium foam builder, icings Methocel® K4M Premium foam builder, juices Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) foam builder, low alcohol beers Yucca glauca extract foam builder, meat prods. CFM® 190; Pisane®; Pisane® foam builder, meringues Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC; Methyl ethyl cellulose foam builder, mousses Methocel® K100LV Premium foam builder, nonalcoholic beverage mixes Durfax® 65

2372

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference foam builder, nonalcoholic beverages Canarcel TW 60; Tween® 60 Pharma foam builder, nutrition bars CFM® 190 foam builder, pastries Pisane® foam builder, pet foods Methocel® K15M Premium foam builder, prepared dishes Pisane® foam builder, root beer Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria); Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) foam builder, sauces CFM® 190; Pisane® foam builder, schnapps Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria); Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) foam builder, shortenings/edible oils Polysorbate 60 foam builder, slush prods. Yucca foam builder, soft drinks Yucca; Yucca glauca extract foam builder, soups Methocel® K4M Premium; Pisane® foam builder/stabilizer, baked goods Xanthan gum foam builder/stabilizer, beverages Xanthan gum foam builder/stabilizer, chili Xanthan gum foam builder/stabilizer, desserts Xanthan gum foam builder/stabilizer, food Lauryl betaine; Xanthan gum foam builder/stabilizer, gravies Xanthan gum foam builder/stabilizer, jams Xanthan gum foam builder/stabilizer, milk prods. Xanthan gum foam builder/stabilizer, poultry Xanthan gum foam builder/stabilizer, salad dressings Xanthan gum foam builder/stabilizer, sauces Xanthan gum foam builder/stabilizer, stews Xanthan gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foam builder, structured meats Methocel® K4M Premium foam builder, structured poultry Methocel® K4M Premium foam builder, toppings Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC foam builder, whipped toppings Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methyl ethyl cellulose; Polysorbate 60 foam builder, wine coolers Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria); Yucca Schidigera Extract NP Raw Material Food Grade) foam control agent, beer CarraJell™ 27; CarraJell™ 34M; CarraJell™ 46AF; CarraJell™ 69AF; CarraJell™ 70 SAG foam control agent, beverages Dow Corning® Antifoam 1510-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam 1520-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam A Compd., Food Grade; Dow Corning® Antifoam AF Emulsion, Food Grade; Dow Corning® Antifoam FG-10 Sag 770 foam control agent, dairy prods. Dow Corning® Antifoam AF Emulsion, Food Grade foam control agent, edible oil processing Dow Corning® Antifoam A Compd., Food Grade; Foam Blast® 7; Foam Blast® 10 foam control agent, ethanol fermentation Sag 770 foam control agent, fat rendering Foam Blast® 7; Foam Blast® 10 foam control agent, fermentation Dow Corning® Antifoam 1500; Dow Corning® Antifoam 1510-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam 1520-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam A Compd., Food Grade; Dow Corning® Antifoam AF Emulsion, Food Grade Dow Corning® Antifoam FG-10 foam control agent, food Dow Corning® Antifoam 1500; Dow Corning® Antifoam 1510-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam 1520-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam A Compd., Food Grade; Dow Corning® Antifoam AF Emulsion, Food Grade 2373

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Dow Corning® Antifoam C Emulsion; Dow Corning® Antifoam FG-10 foam control agent, fruits Dow Corning® Antifoam 1510-US foam control agent, fruit juice Dow Corning® Antifoam C Emulsion foam control agent, high sugar-content processes Dow Corning® Antifoam FG-10 foam control agent, meat Dow Corning® Antifoam 1500; Dow Corning® Antifoam 1510-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam 1520-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam FG-10 foam control agent, meat processing Foam Blast® 7; Foam Blast® 10 foam control agent, nonaq. systems Foam Blast® 7; Foam Blast® 10 foam control agent, poultry Dow Corning® Antifoam 1500; Dow Corning® Antifoam 1510-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam 1520-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam FG-10 foam control agent, preserves Dow Corning® Antifoam 1510-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam AF Emulsion, Food Grade; Dow Corning® Antifoam FG-10 foam control agent, rendering Dow Corning® Antifoam A Compd., Food Grade; Dow Corning® Antifoam AF Emulsion, Food Grade foam control agent, sauces Dow Corning® Antifoam C Emulsion foam control agent, seafood Dow Corning® Antifoam 1510-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam 1520-US; Dow Corning® Antifoam FG-10 foam control agent, snack foods Sag 770 foam control agent, vegetables Dow Corning® Antifoam 1510-US foam control agent, vegetable washing Sag 770 foaming gel, sponge cakes Excelsponge-7; Friendy 55(V) foam inhibitor, gelling agents Citrocoat® foam inhibitor, sugar preservation Citrocoat® foam stabilizer, whipped toppings Promodan USV

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

foam stand/cling improver, light-stable hopping: beer Hexahop® 95 foam suppressant, food Alcolec® BS; Alcolec® S food starch modifier Octenylsuccinic anhydride formulation aid Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40 SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 formulation aid, alcoholic beverages Urea formulation aid, baked goods Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Hodag® S35 K; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Lactose Litesse®; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Polydextrose; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium bicarbonate Potassium hydroxide; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Whetpro®-75 formulation aid, bakery prods. Corn (Zea mays) oil; Mineral oil formulation aid, baking mixes Polydextrose formulation aid, baking powder Potassium acid tartrate formulation aid, beet sugar Mineral oil formulation aid, beverages Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate formulation aid, black olives Potassium hydroxide formulation aid, butter Lactose formulation aid, cakes Fructose formulation aid, candy Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Koster Keunen Carnauba; Maltodextrin; Potassium acid tartrate formulation aid, canned fruits Fructose formulation aid, cereals Fructose; Whetpro®-75 formulation aid, cheese analogs Whetpro®-75

2374

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference formulation aid, cheeses Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate formulation aid, chewing gum Litesse®; Polydextrose formulation aid, cocoa Potassium hydroxide; Tristearin formulation aid, coffee whiteners Hodag® S-35 K formulation aid, condiments Propylene glycol alginate formulation aid, confectionery Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; Algin; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Carnauba Wax SP 8 Carnauba Wax SP 59-2; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light); Carnauba Wax SP 135 Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine; Carnauba Wax Hard Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine; Dextrin; Lactose; Litesse® Mineral oil; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil; Polydextrose; Potassium acid tartrate; Tristearin formulation aid, cooking oils Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil formulation aid, crackers Maltodextrin formulation aid, dairy prods. Potassium hydroxide formulation aid, dehydrated potatoes Sodium stearoyl lactylate formulation aid, desserts Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Sodium stearoyl lactylate formulation aid, diabetic food Fructose formulation aid, dietary drinks Potassium bicarbonate formulation aid, dietetic food Fructose formulation aid, dried milk prods. Potassium bicarbonate formulation aid, fats/oils Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; Propylene glycol alginate; Tristearin formulation aid, fillings Polydextrose

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

formulation aid, flavors Propylene glycol alginate formulation aid, food Acacia; Agar; Algin; Alginic acid; Calcium gluconate Calcium/sodium stearoyl lactylate; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 592; Carnauba Wax SP 63 Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light); Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200 Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine; Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine Chemstat® G-118/52; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Corn (Zea mays) oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Dextrin Eastman® Propionic Acid, Food Grade, Kosher; Fructose; Glyceryl behenate; Glyceryl palmitate/stearate; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Hodag® S-35 K; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Koster Keunen Carnauba; Lactose; Lard Litesse®; Maltodextrin; D-Mannitol; Mineral oil; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil; Pationic® 925; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Polydextrose Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium bicarbonate; Potassium hydroxide; Propylene glycol; Propylene glycol alginate Ross Carnauba Wax; Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil; Slip-Ayd® SL 506; Slip-Ayd® SL 508; S-Nauba #1-120 S-Nauba #1 Flake; S-Nauba #3-120; SNauba #3 Flake; S-Nauba 5021; Sodium stearoyl lactylate Sodium thiosulfate anhydrous; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Sorbitol; Sorbo®; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; Tallow; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum; Triacetin; Tristearin Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten formulation aid, food processing Eastman® Glacial Acetic Acid Food Grade, Kosher

2375

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference formulation aid, fresh fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax formulation aid, frostings Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal; Algin; Polydextrose formulation aid, frozen confectionery Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal formulation aid, frozen dairy desserts Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Polydextrose; Propylene glycol alginate formulation aid, frozen desserts Hodag® S-35 K; Litesse® formulation aid, frozen meat Mineral oil formulation aid, frozen prods. Fructose formulation aid, frozen vegetables Potassium hydroxide formulation aid, fruit coatings Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 592; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light) Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine formulation aid, fruit juices Algin formulation aid, fruits Mineral oil formulation aid, gelatin prods. Algin; Polydextrose; Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Urea formulation aid, grains Mineral oil formulation aid, gravies Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Curdlan; Propylene glycol alginate formulation aid, hard candy Algin formulation aid, hard/soft candy Polydextrose formulation aid, ice cream Algin; Potassium hydroxide formulation aid, icings Sodium stearoyl lactylate formulation aid, imitation chocolate Tristearin formulation aid, infant foods Lactose

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

formulation aid, jams Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate formulation aid, jellies Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate formulation aid, lite prods. Litesse® formulation aid, low-calorie bakery pie fillings Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 formulation aid, low-fat meats Curdlan formulation aid, margarine Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Corn (Zea mays) oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Lactose; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Potassium bicarbonate; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil formulation aid, mayonnaise Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil formulation aid, milk prods. Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum formulation aid, mixes Sodium stearoyl lactylate formulation aid, nuts Acacia farnesiana; Acacia senegal formulation aid, pasta Dextrin; Whetpro®-75 formulation aid, pet foods Whetpro®-75 formulation aid, pickles Mineral oil formulation aid, pizza dough Dextrin formulation aid, potatoes Mineral oil formulation aid, poultry Potassium hydroxide formulation aid, powdered juices Fructose formulation aid, processed fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax formulation aid, puddings Maltodextrin; Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate formulation aid, reduced-calorie foods Polydextrose

2376

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference formulation aid, reduced-fat dressings Curdlan formulation aid, salad dressings Polydextrose formulation aid, salad oils Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil formulation aid, sauces Algin; Curdlan formulation aid, sausage casings Butylene glycol formulation aid, seasonings Propylene glycol alginate formulation aid, shortening Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Hodag® S-35 K; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil formulation aid, snack foods Dextrin formulation aid, soft candy Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum formulation aid, soft drinks Potassium hydroxide formulation aid, sorbic acid Mineral oil formulation aid, soup mixes Alginic acid formulation aid, soups Alginic acid formulation aid, sugar-free fruit preps. Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 formulation aid, table salt Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate formulation aid, toppings Algin; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum formulation aid, vegetable dishes Curdlan formulation aid, vegetables Mineral oil formulation aid, whipped toppings Hodag® S-35 K formulation aid, yeast-raised bakery prods. Urea fortifier, beverages Decanox MTS-30P fortifier, breads Enrichment Tablet with Folic Acid

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fortifier, buns Enrichment Tablet with Folic Acid fortifier, food Decanox MTS-30P; Decanox MTS-50; Vicron® FG 15-15; Vicron® FG 25-11; Vicron® FG 41-8 Vicron® FG 45-3; Vicron® FG 75-17 fortifier, natural coffee blends Furfuryl mercaptan fortifier, rolls Enrichment Tablet with Folic Acid f.p. control agent, batter mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 f.p. control agent, cake mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 f.p. control agent, chewing gum Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 f.p. control agent, fruit leathers Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 f.p. control agent, hard candy Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 f.p. control agent, seasonings Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 f.p. control agent, spices Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 f.p. depressant, baked goods Litesse® f.p. depressant, chewing gum Litesse® f.p. depressant, confectionery Litesse®; Litesse® II; Sorbogem™ 712; Sorbogem™ 834; Sorbogem™ 1162 Sorbogem™ 2016; Sorbogem™ Fines f.p. depressant, food ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids; Litesse®; Litesse® II; Sorbogem™ 712; Sorbogem™ 834 Sorbogem™ 1162; Sorbogem™ 2016; Sorbogem™ Fines f.p. depressant, frozen desserts Litesse®; Litesse® II f.p. depressant, lite prods. Litesse®; Litesse® II fragrance Citral FG; Dimethyloctanol P&F; Ethyl-3hexenoate fragrance, alcoholic beverages Benzaldehyde; Cinnamyl alcohol; Ethyl formate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl maltol Isoamyl alcohol fragrance, artificial fruit essences Ethyl isovalerate; Heptyl acetate 2377

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference fragrance, baked goods Allyl caproate; p-Anisyl alcohol; Benzaldehyde; Benzyl cinnamate; Butyl lactate l-Carvone; Cinnamyl alcohol; Citronellal; βCitronellol; Cyclohexyl acetate Cyclohexylethyl acetate; Decanal; Dihydroβ-ionone; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate Ethyl formate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl maltol; Farnesol Geraniol; Guaiacyl acetate; Heptyl acetate; Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol Isobutyl alcohol; Isobutyl propionate; 3Methyl-2-buten-1-ol; cis-3-Octen-1-ol; 2Tridecanone fragrance, bakery prods. Maltol; Phenylacetaldehyde fragrance, beverages Allyl caproate; p-Anisyl alcohol; Benzaldehyde; Benzyl cinnamate; Butyl lactate l-Carvone; Cinnamyl alcohol; Citronellal; βCitronellol; Cyclohexyl acetate Cyclohexylethyl acetate; Decanal; Dihydroβ-ionone; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate Ethyl formate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl maltol; Farnesol Folded Orange Oil 5-Fold; Folded Orange Oil 10-Fold; Geraniol; Guaiacyl acetate; Heptyl acetate Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol; Isobutyl alcohol; Isobutyl propionate; 3-Methyl-2buten-1-ol cis-3-Octen-1-ol fragrance, candy Allyl caproate; p-Anisyl alcohol; Benzaldehyde; Benzyl cinnamate; Butyl lactate l-Carvone; Cinnamyl alcohol; Citronellal; βCitronellol; Cyclohexyl acetate Cyclohexylethyl acetate; Decanal; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate; Ethyl formate Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Farnesol; Geraniol; Heptyl acetate Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol; Isobutyl alcohol; Isobutyl propionate; 2-Tridecanone fragrance, chewing gum Allyl caproate; Benzaldehyde; Benzyl cinnamate; Cinnamyl alcohol; Citronellal β-Citronellol; Decanal; Dihydro-β-ionone; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ethyl formate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl maltol; Geraniol Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol; Menthol; 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol; Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil Phenylacetaldehyde; Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil fragrance, citrus oils Nootkatone fragrance, coconut 2-Tridecanone fragrance, coffee Guaiacyl acetate fragrance, condiments Ethyl isovalerate fragrance, confectionery l-Carvone; Dihydro-β-ionone; Ethyl maltol; Menthol; 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol cis-3-Octen-1-ol; Phenylacetaldehyde; Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil fragrance, dairy prods. Dihydro-β-ionone fragrance, earthy Morillol® fragrance enhancer, food Cold Pressed Grapefruit Oil fragrance, floral/rose Phenylethyl Alcohol Extra fragrance, food Allyl caproate; Anethole Extra USP 21/22, FCC; p-Anisaldehyde; p-Anisyl alcohol; Benzaldehyde Benzyl cinnamate; Butyl lactate; Camphene P&F, FCC; l-Carvone; Cinnamyl alcohol Citronellal; Citronellol 96 FCC; Citronellol AJ FCC; β-Citronellol; Cyclohexyl acetate Cyclohexylethyl acetate; Decanal; Dihydroβ-ionone; Dimethyl phenethyl carbinol; Ethyl butyrate Ethyl caproate; Ethyl formate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl maltol Farnesol; l-Fenchone; Folded Orange Oil 5Fold; Folded Orange Oil 10-Fold; Geraniol Geranyl linalool; Guaiacyl acetate; Heptyl acetate; Hexanal; 3,4-Hexanedione Hydroxycitronellal; α-Ionone; β-Ionone; Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol Isobutyl alcohol; Isobutyl propionate; Linalool; Linalyl acetate; Maltol Menthol; 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol; Methyl nonyl acetaldehyde; Nerolidol; Nootkatone

2378

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference n-Octanal; 2-Octanol; 1-Octen-3-ol; cis-3Octen-1-ol; Octyl acetate Pentane-2,3-dione; Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil; Phenethyl alcohol; Phenylacetaldehyde; 2-Phenylethyl methyl ether 2-Phenylpropanal; 2-Phenyl propanol-1; 2Phenylpropionaldehyde dimethylacetal; Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil; p-Propyl anisole Spearmint (Mentha viridis) oil; γ-Terpinene P&F; Tetrahydrolinalool; pTolylacetaldehyde; 2-Tridecanone Trimethyldodecatrieneol; n-Valeraldehyde fragrance, fresh Citral Extra fragrance, frostings Dihydro-β-ionone; 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol fragrance, fruity Prenol; 2-Tridecanone fragrance, fruity flavors Zeon® Extra Green fragrance, gelatin desserts Phenylacetaldehyde fragrance, green Citral Extra fragrance, green tea flavors Zeon® Extra Green fragrance, hard candy Dihydro-β-ionone; Ethyl maltol; 3-Methyl-2buten-1-ol fragrance, herbaceous Morillol® fragrance, ice cream Allyl caproate; p-Anisyl alcohol; Benzaldehyde; Benzyl cinnamate; Butyl lactate l-Carvone; Cinnamyl alcohol; Citronellal; βCitronellol; Cyclohexyl acetate Cyclohexylethyl acetate; Decanal; Dihydroβ-ionone; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate Ethyl formate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl maltol; Farnesol Geraniol; Guaiacyl acetate; Heptyl acetate; Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol Isobutyl alcohol; Isobutyl propionate; cis-3Octen-1-ol; Phenylacetaldehyde; 2Tridecanone fragrance, jams Dihydro-β-ionone; 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fragrance, jellies Dihydro-β-ionone; Ethyl caproate; 3-Methyl2-buten-1-ol fragrance, lemon Citral Extra fragrance, lime Citral Extra fragrance, liqueurs Menthol; Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil fragrance, maple Guaiacyl acetate fragrance, maraschino cherries Phenylacetaldehyde fragrance, margarine 2-Tridecanone fragrance, meat Ethyl maltol fragrance, milk 2-Tridecanone fragrance, mushroom Morillol® fragrance, nonalcoholic beverages Phenylacetaldehyde fragrance, nut 2-Tridecanone fragrance, puddings Allyl caproate; p-Anisyl alcohol; Benzaldehyde; Benzyl cinnamate; Cinnamyl alcohol Citronellal; β-Citronellol; Decanal; Dihydroβ-ionone; Ethyl butyrate Ethyl caproate; Ethyl formate; Ethyl isovalerate; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl maltol Farnesol; Geraniol; Guaiacyl acetate; Isoamyl acetate; Isoamyl alcohol 3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol; cis-3-Octen-1-ol; Phenylacetaldehyde; 2-Tridecanone fragrance, soft candy Dihydro-β-ionone; Guaiacyl acetate; 3Methyl-2-buten-1-ol fragrance, soft drinks l-Carvone fragrance, soups Ethyl maltol fragrance, syrups Ethyl lactate fragrance, toppings Geraniol free radical scavenger Origanox™ WS-LB free radical scavenger, beer Rosmarinic acid 2379

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference free radical scavenger, beverages Rosmarinic acid free radical scavenger, encapsulated nutritional supplements Oxyfos™ free radical scavenger, essential oils Oxynex® K free radical scavenger, food Oxynex® K; Rosmarinic acid free radical scavenger, fruit preps. Rosmarinic acid free radical scavenger, healthy foods Oxyfos™ free radical scavenger, healthy snacks Oxyfos™ free radical scavenger, soft drinks Rosmarinic acid free radical scavenger, tableted nutritional supplements Oxyfos™ free water control agent, food systems Cerelose® Anhydrous Dextrose freezer burn inhibitor Sodium Alginate HV; Sodium Alginate LV freeze/thaw control agent, frozen foods Coyote Stabilizer OG-500 freeze-thaw improver, tortillas Coyote Stabilizer TC-1; Coyote Stabilizer TC-20 freezing agent, carbonated beverages Carbon dioxide freezing agent, direct-contact: food Dichlorodifluoromethane freezing agent, food Carbon dioxide fructooligosaccharides source, encapsulated nutritional supplements Oxyfos™ fructooligosaccharides source, healthy foods Oxyfos™ fructooligosaccharides source, healthy snacks Oxyfos™ fructooligosaccharides source, tableted nutritional supplements Oxyfos™ frying oil substitute, cheese curls Olean® frying oil substitute, microwave popcorn Olean® frying oil substitute, potato chips Olean® Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

frying oil substitute, snack foods Olean® frying oil substitute, sprayed crackers Olean® frying oil substitute, tortilla chips Olean® fumigant, corn processing Sulfur dioxide fumigant, food Sulfur dioxide fumigant, ground spices Ethylene oxide fumigant, processed foods Magnesium phosphide fumigant, whole spices Ethylene oxide fungicide, animal feed Sorbic acid fungicide, apples Sodium o-phenylphenate fungicide, aq. foodstuffs Nipasept Sodium® fungicide, baked goods Sodium propionate fungicide, beer Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben fungicide, breweries Didecyldimonium chloride fungicide, cheeses Natamycin; Sodium propionate fungicide, confectionery Sodium propionate fungicide, dry fish Sorbic acid fungicide, fish Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben fungicide, flavors Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben fungicide, food Benzylparaben; Benzylparaben; Nipabutyl; Nipabutyl; Nipabutyl Sodium Nipabutyl Sodium; Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M; Nipagin M Sodium Nipasol M; Nipasol M; Nipasol M Sodium; Nipasol M Sodium; Nipastat® Potassium butyl paraben; Potassium butyl paraben; Potassium ethylparaben; Potassium propylparaben; Sodium butylparaben 2380

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Sodium butylparaben; Sodium ethylparaben; Sodium methylparaben; Sodium o-phenylphenate; Sodium propionate Sodium propylparaben; Sorbic acid; Thiabendazole fungicide, food processing Benzalkonium chloride; Didecyldimonium chloride; NKC-610 Benzalkonium Chloride; Peracetic acid fungicide, frostings Sodium propionate; Sodium propionate fungicide, fruit juices Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben fungicide, gelatin Sodium propionate fungicide, jams Sodium propionate fungicide, jellies Sodium propionate fungicide, meat Sorbic acid fungicide, meat prods. Sodium propionate fungicide, nonalcoholic beverages Sodium propionate fungicide, pickles Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben fungicide, puddings Sodium propionate fungicide, sauces Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben fungicide, soft drinks Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium fungicide, systemic: citrus fruits Thiabendazole fungicide, tobacco Sorbic acid fungicide, vegetable extracts Nipastat® fungicide, whole citrus fruits Preventol® O Extra Flakes; Preventol® ON Extra Flakes fungicide, wine Natamycin fungicide, yogurt Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

fungistat, citrus fruits Boric acid fungistat, citrus fruit wraps Biphenyl fungistat, tomato juice Diethyl fumarate; Dimethyl fumarate; Ethyl fumarate gas, dairy prods. Nitrous oxide gas, foamed food prods. Butane; Isobutane; Propane gas, food Nitrous oxide gas, packing: food Argon; Helium; Oxygen gas retention aid, baking Benecel® MP 643 gas, sprayed food prods. Butane; Isobutane; Propane gas, whipped cream Nitrous oxide gelatin replacement, baked goods CarraJell™ 27 gelatin replacement, cakes CarraJell™ 27 gelatin replacement, confectionery CarraJell™ 27 gelatin replacement, vegan prods. Coyote Brand Agar 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar 100 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar Type Z100; Coyote Brand Agar-Agar 150 Mesh Gelidium gelatin replacement, vegetarian foods TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 795 Powder gelatin replacement, water dessert jellies CarraJell™ 70 SAG gelatin replacement: wines/juices/vinegar fining TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 100 FCC/NF Powder; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 110 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 150 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar RS-100 Powder gelatin substitute, buttermilk dressings Merecol® S gelatin substitute, confectionery TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-30 Powder gelatin substitute, dairy prods. TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-30 Powder gelatin substitute, food TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-30 Powder

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gelatin substitute, Gummy Bears TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-500 Powder gelatin substitute, jelly-like confectionery TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-500 Powder gelatin substitute, low-fat dairy prods. TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-30 Powder gelatin substitute, salad dressings Merecol® Y gelatin substitute, sour cream dressings Merecol® S; Merecol® Y gelatin substitute, yogurt dressings Merecol® S; Merecol® Y gelation preventive, boiled/cooked sausages Cegemett® MZ 490 gel control agent, starch Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides gel control agent, starch: pastas Crodatem L gel control agent, starch: snack food Crodatem L gellant Marine Colloids™ Carrageenan; Nastar®; Soft-Set®; Swelite® Micro; TIC Pretested® Taragel® Konjac High Viscosity gellant, adhesion systems Kelcogel® F gellant, alcohol stable drinks TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. gellant, anchovies Manugel® DMB gellant, aquaculture Manugel® GMB gellant, aspics Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Manucol® DH; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB gellant, baby foods Merecol® I; Pectin, amidated; Remy FG-P gellant, baked cream fillings Concentrated DARILOID® XL gellant, baked goods Coyote Brand Agar 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar 100 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar Type Z100; Coyote Brand Agar-Agar 150 Mesh Gelidium; PenCook® 10 Rice*Complete® 3; StarchPlus™ SPR; TIC Pretested® Colloid 710 H Powder gellant, bakery cream fillings Lacticol® CFT; Lacticol® F336; Lacticol® F616; Manucol® DMF; MANUCOL® SMF

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gellant, bakery fillings Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Dariloid® QH; Genu® 12CG; Genu® 18CG Genu® 20AS; Genu® 22CG; Genu® 102AS; Genu® 104AS; Grindsted™ PECTIN MRS 351 Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® BF; Kelcogel® BF10; Kelcosol®; Kelcosol® KELSET®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Manucol® DM; Manucol® JKT Manucol® LB; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ; Mira-Gel® 463 Mira-Quik® MGL; Purity® D; Tapioca dextrin; TIC Pretested® Pectin HM Rapid Set Powder; TIC Pretested® Pectin HM Slow Set Powder gellant, bakery fruit fillings Grindsted™ Alginate FD 200; Grindsted™ Alginate FD 400; Grindsted™ PECTIN CF 120; Grindsted™ PECTIN CF 140 B; Grindsted™ PECTIN FB 220 Grindsted™ PECTIN FB 850 gellant, bakery glazes Manucol® DH gellant, bakery glazes/icings TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 795 Powder gellant, bakery jellies Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ; Merecol® I gellant, bakery mixes Prime Alignate F-25; Prime Alignate F-200 gellant, bakery prods. CarraLite™; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Protector Gelatin; TIC Pretested® Ticagel® Algin-CAM Powd. gellant, bakery/snack glazes Crystal Tex™ 627; Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648 gellant, baking powder Calcium glycerophosphate; Remy FG gellant, barbecue sauces Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S gellant, batter coatings Hylon® V; Hylon® VII

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gellant, battered foods Crispcoat™ UC; National® 0280; National® 814 gellant, batter mixes Prime Alginate F-500 gellant, batters Kelcogel® F; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S; Pure Food Powder gellant, batters for meat/poultry/seafood Batter Bind® S gellant, Bavarian cream fillings Purity® D gellant, beverages Agar; CarraVis™ Series; Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Pectin TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticagel® PG-730 Powder gellant, biscuits Remy DR gellant, breading Egg whites; Egg White Solids Type K-200; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelcogel® F; Pure Food Powder gellant, calcium-reactive applics. Prime Alginate F-500 gellant, candies K4484; Koster Keunen Synthetic Spermaceti gellant, candy Arabinogalactan; Koster Keunen Candelilla; Rice (Oryza sativa) starch gellant, canned cream fillings Purity® D gellant, canned foods Pectin, amidated; Purity® NCS gellant, canned fruit preps. Genu® 18CG gellant, canned meat prods. PenBind® 1015 gellant, canned meats MingQiong Brand gellant, canned meats/fish/poultry TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 110 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 150 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar RS100 Powder gellant, canned pet foods Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gellant, canning Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150 gellant, caramel fillings Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265 Gelcarin® ME 8151; Gelcarin® PS 3439; Gelcarin® SQ 3290; Gelcarin® XP 3337; Gelcarin® XP 3435 Gelcarin® XP 3447; SeaGel® XP 3428; Viscarin® BK 1761 gellant, caramels Purity® TF gellant, caramel toppings Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265 Gelcarin® ME 8151; Gelcarin® PS 3439; Gelcarin® SQ 3290; Gelcarin® XP 3337; Gelcarin® XP 3435 Gelcarin® XP 3447; SeaGel® XP 3428; Viscarin® BK 1761 gellant, casein-reduced cheese analogs Perfectamyl™ Gel MB gellant, cheesecake Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Kelgum® GFS gellant, cheesecake mixes Dariloid® QH gellant, cheesecake toppings Lacticol® CFT; Lacticol® F336; Manucol® DH; MANUCOL® SMF gellant, cheese dips Concentrated DARILOID® XL gellant, cheeses Guaiac gum; Kelcogel® LT100; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150 gellant, cheese sauces Pure Food Powder gellant, cheese spreads Manucol® DH gellant, cheese spreads/dips Baker's yeast glycan

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gellant, chewing gum Flojel® 60; Flojel® 65; Flojel® G; Remy FG gellant, chewy sweets Glucidex 2 gellant, chiffon pies Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 gellant, chiffons Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Kelcosol®; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF gellant, chilled desserts Lacticol® CFT; Manucol® DM; MANUCOL® SMF gellant, chip dips Merecol® I gellant, chocolate Rice (Oryza sativa) starch gellant, chocolate filling Remy DR gellant, chocolate milk drinks Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 gellant, clear prods. TIC Pretested® Locust Bean Gum Clarified Powder gellant, coating batters Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB gellant, cold batters Mira-Gel® 463 gellant, cold instant bakery fillings Viscarin® BK 1761 gellant, cold processing: cake icings Stir-N-Set® FG gellant, cold processing: fast foods Stir-N-Set® FG gellant, cold processing: imitation custards Stir-N-Set® FG gellant, cold processing: institutional foods Stir-N-Set® FG gellant, cold processing: pastry fillings Stir-N-Set® FG gellant, cold processing: restaurant foods Stir-N-Set® FG gellant, cold processing: spoonable salad dressings Stir-N-Set® FG gellant, cold water dessert gels Keltone®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gellant, confectionery Cargill Set 05030; Cargill Set 05032; Cargill Set 05033; CarraLite™; Confectioners F & G Coyote Brand Konjac A; Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin; Exp F 115 Exp F 117; Flojel® 60; Flojel® 65; Flojel® G; Glucidex 2 Hi-Set® 322; Hi-Set® 377; Hi-Set® C; HiSet® CHG; Hylon® V Hylon® VII; K4484; Kelcogel®; Koster Keunen Synthetic Spermaceti; Meritena 100 Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Pure-Set® B950; Remy CA; Remy DR Superset® LV; Tapioca dextrin; TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-30 Powder; UltraSet® LT gellant, confectionery coatings TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 795 Powder gellant, confectionery jellies Mira-Quik® MGL gellant, confectionery molding Remy FG gellant, confectionery pan coatings Crystal Gum™ gellant, cooked creams Purity® TF gellant, cooked flans CarraBind™ MPF-60B gellant, cooked meat prods. Ceamgel 1313™ gellant, cooked meats Ceamgel 3383 gellant, cookie doughs Mira-Gel® 463 gellant, cookies Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 gellant, cream cheese Kelgum® GFS; Pectin, amidated; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Locust Bean Gum Powder gellant, cream soups IPSO-MR Dispersible

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gellant, cream style corn Purity® NCS gellant, creme fillings Prime Alginate F-500 gellant, crystal clear dessert gels Aquagel WD™ gellant, cultured prods. Thibola 100; Thibola 230 gellant, custard fillings Purity® TF gellant, custards CarraBind™ MPF-60B; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Remy DR gellant, dairy desserts Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648 gellant, dairy prods. Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); CarraLite™; CarraVis™ Series; Coyote Brand Agar 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar 100 mesh Coyote Brand Agar Type Z100; Coyote Brand Agar-Agar 150 Mesh Gelidium; Coyote Brand Konjac A; Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F Kelcogel® LT; Kelcogel® LT100; Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290 Novation® 9330; Novation® 9360; Perfectamyl™ Gel MB; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Rice (Oryza sativa) starch; TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-30 Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Locust Bean Gum Powder gellant, deli meats PenBind® 100; PenBind® 1000 gellant, dessert dry mixes Dariloid® QH gellant, dessert gels CarraJell™ Series; Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® LT; Kelcosol®; Kelcosol® KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB gellant, dessert mixes CarraLite™ gellant, desserts Agar; Caliment® Dicalcium Phosphate Milled; Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin;

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium Mira-Quik® MGL; Novation® 9360; Pure Food Powder gellant, dietary/nutritional beverages CarraLite™ gellant, diet drinks Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) gellant, dietetic foods KELMAR®; Methocel® K15M Premium gellant, dips Kelcogel® LT100; Rice*Complete® 3 gellant, doughnut glazes TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 110 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 150 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar RS100 Powder gellant, dressings Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Delta™ 7393; Delta™ 7393; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Kelcogel® LT; Kelcogel® LT100; Meritena 100; Rice*Complete® 3; Sta-Slim™ 150 Sta-Slim™ 151 gellant, dry bakery blends Kelgum® GFS gellant, dry mixes KELMAR®; Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ Purity® D gellant, eggnog Concentrated DARILOID® XL gellant, egg prods. Manucol® JKT gellant, emulsified meats Midsol™ 2AD gellant, essential oils Arabinogalactan gellant, extruded foods Crisp Film® gellant, extruded seafood prods. Methocel® K4M Premium gellant, extruded snacks Hylon® V; Hylon® VII; Remy DR gellant, farinaceous foods Kelcogel® F gellant, filling creams Manucol® DH gellant, fillings Calcium glycerophosphate gellant, firm jellies: confectionery Genu® 102AS 2385

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gellant, fish balls IPSO-MR Dispersible gellant, flans Furcelleran; Lactogel® FX 7351 gellant, flavor bases Arabinogalactan gellant, food Alginic acid; Ammonium furcelleran; Arabinogalactan; Baker's yeast glycan; Bindox-HV-051 Bindox-LV-050; Calcium alginate; Calcium carboxymethyl cellulose; Calcium glycerophosphate; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; CarraVis™ Series; Coyote Brand Tara Gum; Coyote Stabilizer CKLX-MS; Economix Gelatin Furcelleran; Galaxium Pentahydrate Powder; Gelatin; Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262 Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265; Gelcarin® ME 8151; Gelcarin® PS 3439 Gelcarin® SQ 3290; Gelcarin® XP 3337; Gelcarin® XP 3435; Gelcarin® XP 3447; Gellan gum Genugel® X-902-02; Genuvisco®; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Hylon® V; Hylon® VII Isagel® PF 38; Isagel® RGS 40; Isagum® SB 35 N; KELACID® NF; Kelcogel® Kelcogel® F; Kelcogel® LT; Kelcogel® LT100; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF Kelcoloid® O; Kelcoloid® S; Kelcosol®; KELGIN® F; KELGIN® HV KELGIN® LV; KELGIN® MV; KELGIN® QL; KELGIN® XL; KELMAR® KELSET®; Keltone®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; KELTOSE® Lactarin® XP 3410; Lactogel® FX 7351; Maco-O-Line 091; Maltotriose; Manucol® JKT Manucol® LB; Manugel® C; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GHB Manugel® JKB; Manugel® L98; Manugel® PTJ; Methocel® A15C Premium; Methocel® A15LV Premium Methocel® E4M Premium EP; Methocel® E6 Premium; Methocel® E15 Food Grade; Methocel® E15LV Premium; Methocel® F4M Premium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100M Premium Methyl ethyl cellulose; Meyprogen®-MP®; Nutricol® ME 7421; Nutricol® ME 9420; Nutricol® XP 3413 Pectin; Pectin, amidated; Potassium alginate; Potassium carrageenan; Potassium chloride Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K150 Prime Alginate F-400; Prime Alginate F-500; Prime Alginate F-600; Prime Alignate F-25; Prime Alignate F-40 Prime Alignate F-200; Proxan® SG 22; Proxan® SG 23; Proxan® SG 25; Purity® 21D Remy CA; Remy DR; Rice flour; Rice maltodextrin; Sammi Gelatine Scogin™ HV; Scogin™ LV; Scogin™ MV; SeaGel® XP 3428; Sodium carrageenan Sodium caseinate; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Stamere® CK-S NF FCC; Stamere® N-325 NF FCC; Stamere® N-350 NF FCC Stamere® N-350 S NF FCC; Stamere® NI NF FCC; Starch; Sunflower seed oil glyceride; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 100 FCC/NF Powder TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 110 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 150 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar RS-100 Powder; TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-30 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 488T Powd. TIC Pretested® Colloid 602 Powder; TIC Pretested® Locust Bean Gum Clarified Powder; TIC Pretested® Pectin LM 32 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pectin LM 35 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Locust Bean Gum Powder TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 550-PT Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Lite Powder; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins; Viscarin® BK 1761 gellant, food batters Kelvis® gellant, food coatings Prime Alignate F-25

2386

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gellant, food emulsions Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S gellant, food processing Protector Gelatin gellant, food specialties Remy FG-P gellant, French fries Crispcoat™ UC; National® 0280; National® 814 gellant, fresh poultry PenBind® 100 gellant, fried foods Crispcoat™ UC; National® 0280; National® 814 gellant, fried snacks Hylon® V; Hylon® VII gellant, frostings Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® IF; Prime Alignate F25; Rice*Complete® 3 gellant, frozen desserts Baker's yeast glycan gellant, frozen foods Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S gellant, frozen spaghetti Soybean (Glycine soja) protein gellant, frozen vegetables with cream sauces Remy DR gellant, fruit bars Hi-Set® 377 gellant, fruit fillings KELTOSE®; Manugel® L98; Manugel® PTB; Manugel® PTJA; TIC Pretested® Colloid 515M-T Powder gellant, fruit-flavored milk dessert Genu® 18CG gellant, fruit gels TIC Pretested® Pectin LM 32 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pectin LM 35 Powder gellant, fruit glazes Grindsted™ Carrageenan CW 100; Grindsted™ PECTIN LB 401 gellant, fruit jelly MingQiong Brand gellant, fruit juices TIC Pretested® Ticagel® PG-730 Powder gellant, fruit preps. Genu® 18CG; Genu® Pectins; Genu® Pectin USP/100; Genu® Pectin USP/200; Genu® Pectin USP-L/200 Novation® 9360 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gellant, fruit pulps Caliment® Dicalcium Phosphate Milled gellant, fruit pulp water dessert gels Aquagel WD™ gellant, fruit snacks Hi-Set® 377 gellant, fruit spreads Genu® 18CG; Genu® 20AS; Genu® 22CG; Genu® 102AS; Genu® 104AS TIC Pretested® Colloid 881 M Powder gellant, fruit yogurt Genu® 12CG; Genu® 18CG gellant, gelatin Calcium glycerophosphate gellant, gelatin-type desserts Fucelleran; Stamere® HT; Stamere® N-350 E FCC gellant, gelled foods Mira-Quik® MGL gellant, gelled meat prods. Furcelleran gellant, gel/structured applics. Mira-Gel® 463 gellant, glazes K4484; Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® IF; KELSET®; Manugel® DMB Manugel® GMB; Manugel® L98; TIC Pretested® Colloid 515M-T Powder gellant, granola coatings Rice maltodextrin gellant, gravies Curdlan; Delta™ 7393; Meritena 100; Methocel® K15M Premium; PenCook® 10 Purity® NCS; Rice*Complete® 3; Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151 gellant, gum candies AmyloGel™ 03001; Hi-Set® 377; Pure-Set® B950; Thibola 100; Thibola 230 Thibola 300 gellant, gum drops Cargill Set 05030; Cargill Set 05032; Cargill Set 05033; Cargill Set™ 90030; Hi-Set® 322 Superset® LV; Ultra-Set® LT gellant, Gummy Bears TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-500 Powder gellant, gums Glucidex 2 gellant, ham PenBind® 100; PenBind® 1000 gellant, hard gum candies Cargill Set 05034

2387

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gellant, health foods Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins gellant, heat-resistant jellies Prime Alignate F-25; Prime Alignate F-200 gellant, heat-stable jams Genu® BA-KING gellant, heat-stable jellies Genu® BA-KING gellant, high-moisture desserts Mira-Gel® 463 gellant, high-solids baked fillings Crystal Tex™ 627 gellant, high-solids centers Ultra-Set® LT gellant, high-solids fillings Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ gellant, hot chocolate TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. gellant, hot-filled dairy desserts Lactogel® FX 7351 gellant, hot-water dessert gels Keltone® gellant, ice cream Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Manucol® DM; Novation® 9360 gellant, ice cream cones Methocel® K4M Premium gellant, ice lollies Alginade® DC gellant, icings Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Kelcogel® Kelcogel® IF; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S; KELTOSE® Methocel® K4M Premium; Mira-Gel® 463; Purity® TF; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 110 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 150 FCC/NF Powd. TIC Pretested® Agar RS-100 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 515M-T Powder gellant, imitation cheese PenBind® 830 gellant, imitation sour cream Merecol® I gellant, infant formulas Potassium chloride gellant, inj. brines Maco-O-Line 091 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gellant, instant cold-water viscous nondairy prods. Genuvisco® CSW-2 gellant, instant drinks Lacticol® CFT; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. gellant, instant egg nog Dariloid® QH gellant, instant foods Remy FG-P; Stamere® CK NF FCC gellant, instant mousses Lacticol® CFT; Manucol® JKT; Manugel® L98 gellant, instant powdered formulations: puddings PROVImel® NT 659 gellant, instant powdered mixes Dariloid® QH gellant, instant puddings Lacticol® CFT; Lacticol® F336; Manucol® DH; Manucol® JKT; MANUCOL® SMF Manugel® L98 gellant, instant water jelly Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB; Manugel® L98 gellant, jams Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract Furcelleran; Genu® 20AS; Genu® 104AS; Genu® BB Rapid Set; Genu® DD ExtraSlow Set Genu® DD Slow Set; Genu® Pectin USP/100; Genu® Pectin USP/200; Genu® Pectin USP-L/200; Pectin Pectin, amidated; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 1070 Powder gellant, jams/jellies Galaxium; Genu® Pectins; Grindsted™ PECTIN LA 040; Grindsted™ PECTIN MRS 351; Grindsted™ PECTIN RS 400 Grindsted™ PECTIN SF; Grindsted™ PECTIN SS 200; Grindsted™ PECTIN XSS 100; Kelcogel®; TIC Pretested® Pectin HM Rapid Set Powder TIC Pretested® Pectin HM Slow Set Powder gellant, jellied candies Cargill Set™ 90030

2388

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gellant, jellies Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; Furcelleran; Genu® 20AS; Genu® 104AS; Genu® Type DJ Genu® Pectin USP/100; Genu® Pectin USP/200; Genu® Pectin USP-L/200; Glucidex 2; Pectin Pectin, amidated; Pure-Set® B950; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 1070 Powder gellant, jelly bean centers Cargill Set 05032; Cargill Set™ 90030; Flojel® 60; Hi-Set® 322; Superset® LV gellant, jelly beans Cargill Set 05030; Cargill Set 05033 gellant, jelly candies Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Thibola 100 Thibola 230; Thibola 300 gellant, jelly gum candies Flojel® 60; Hi-Set® 322; Hi-Set® C; Hi-Set® CHG; Hylon® V Hylon® VII; Superset® LV; Ultra-Set® LT gellant, jelly-like confectionery TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-500 Powder gellant, jubes Ultra-Set® LT gellant, licorice Purity® NCS gellant, low-calorie jams Fucelleran; Stamere® HT; Stamere® N-350 E FCC gellant, low-calorie jellies CarraJell™ Series; Fucelleran; Stamere® HT; Stamere® N-350 E FCC gellant, lowfat dairy prods. TIC Pretested® Agaroid RS-30 Powder gellant, lowfat foods Kelcogel® gellant, low-fat meats Curdlan gellant, low-fat spreads Kelcogel® F gellant, low-moisture confectionery Mira-Gel® 463 gellant, low-sodium foods KELMAR® gellant, low-sugar jams Guaiac gum gellant, lunch meats Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gellant, marshmallows CarraBind™ 27; Glucidex 2 gellant, mayonnaise Pectin, amidated gellant, meat Egg whites; Egg White Solids Type K-200; Egg White Solids Type P-39; Manugel® DMB; Meyprogen®-MP® PenCook® 10; TIC Pretested® Colloid 825 Powder gellant, meat analogs Egg whites; Egg White Solids Type K-200 gellant, meat applics. Coyote Brand Agar 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar 100 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar Type Z100; Coyote Brand Agar-Agar 150 Mesh Gelidium gellant, meatballs Soybean (Glycine soja) protein gellant, meat processing Rice (Oryza sativa) starch gellant, meat prods. IPSO-MR Dispersible; MingQiong Brand gellant, meringues Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; KELTOSE® Methyl ethyl cellulose gellant, microwavable foods C*HiForm; Mira-Gel® 463 gellant, milk-based desserts Lacticol® F616 gellant, milk-based gelled foods Merecol® I gellant, milk-based puddings Merecol® I gellant, milk-based systems Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Lacticol® F336 gellant, milk gels Stamere® NK gellant, milk prods. Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract gellant, milk puddings Furcelleran gellant, milk shake Dariloid® QH gellant, milk shake powd. Concentrated DARILOID® XL

2389

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gellant, milk shakes Lacticol® CFT gellant, mint leaves Flojel® 60 gellant, mousses Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium gellant, Neufchatel cream cheese Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 gellant, nonnutritive sweeteners Arabinogalactan gellant, nonstandardized dressings Arabinogalactan gellant, no-sugar jellies TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 1070 Powder gellant, nut coatings Rice maltodextrin gellant, orange slices Cargill Set 05030; Cargill Set 05032; Cargill Set 05033; Cargill Set™ 90030; Flojel® 60 Ultra-Set® LT gellant, pan coating K4484 gellant, panned confectionery Crystal Tex™ 627; Ultra-Set® LT gellant, pasteurized puddings Novation® 9360 gellant, pet food brawn Manugel® GMB gellant, pet foods Caliment® Dicalcium Phosphate Milled; Coyote Stabilizer CKLX-MS; Flojel® 60; Gellan gum; Kelcogel® Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB; Methocel® K15M Premium; TIC Pretested® Colloid 825 Powder gellant, pie fillings Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Concentrated DARILOID® XL Kelcosol®; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Lacticol® F616 Merecol® I gellant, pimento olive stuffing CarraJell™ 34M gellant, potato prods. Manucol® DMF; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gellant, poultry Ceamgel 3383; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein gellant, poultry/meat canning Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 gellant, poultry pieces Textureze™ MT 200 gellant, poultry prods. IPSO-MR Dispersible gellant, prepared foods Algin gellant, preserves Genu® BB Rapid Set; Genu® DD ExtraSlow Set; Genu® DD Slow Set; TIC Pretested® Pectin HM Slow Set Powder gellant, processed cheeses Kelgum® GFS; Manucol® DH; Thibola 100; Thibola 230 gellant, processed foods Agar gellant, processed meat prods. PenBind® 100; PenBind® 959; PenBind® 1000 gellant, processed meats TIC Pretested® Ticagel® ME 100 gellant, processed organic foods Novation® 9330; Novation® 9360 gellant, processed poultry PenBind® 100 gellant, pudding mixes Arabinogalactan gellant, puddings Calcium glycerophosphate; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Coyote Stabilizer CS-DK; Dariloid® QH; Kelcogel® LT100 Kelcosol®; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Purity® TF TIC Pretested® Colloid 710 H Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticagel® Algin-CAM Powd. gellant, quiche fillings C*HiForm gellant, reduced-calorie fruit spreads Kelcogel® JJ gellant, reduced-calorie jams/jellies Kelcogel® JJ gellant, reduced-fat dressings Curdlan gellant, reduced-fat spreads Kelcogel® LT

2390

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gellant, reformed foods Prime Alginate F-500 gellant, relishes Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S gellant, restructured meat prods. Textureze™ MT 200 gellant, salad dressings Baker's yeast glycan; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. gellant, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose gellant, sauces C*HiForm; Crystal Tex™ 644; Curdlan; Delta™ 7393; Kelcogel® F Kelcogel® LT; Kelcosol®; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF Meritena 100; Novation® 9360; PenCook® 10; Purity® NCS; Sta-Slim™ 150 Sta-Slim™ 151 gellant, sausages Sodium caseinate; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein gellant, savory dips Lacticol® CFT gellant, seafood prods. Ceamgel 1313™; Ceamgel 3383; Egg White Solids Type P-39; PenCook® 10 gellant, semidairy/nondairy fat concs. IPSO-FC gellant, sherbets Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 gellant, sliced meat Ceamgel 3383 gellant, snack foods Soybean (Glycine soja) protein gellant, soft drinks Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract gellant, softer reversible gels Manucol® DM; Manucol® DMF; Manucol® LB gellant, soft jelly candies Cargill Set 05034 gellant, soup mixes Alginic acid

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gellant, soups Alginic acid; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; Crystal Tex™ 644; Delta™ 7393; Meritena 100 Methocel® K4M Premium; Novation® 9360; PenCook® 10; Rice*Complete® 3; Sodium caseinate Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151 gellant, sour cream Baker's yeast glycan; Kelgum® GFS; Novation® 9360 gellant, sports beverages Rice maltodextrin gellant, spray-dried milk replacers IPSO-FC gellant, spray-dried processed food IPSO-FC gellant, spreads Crystal Tex™ 648 gellant, starches: food Glyceryl lactopalmitate/stearate gellant, starches: pie fillings CarraVis™ 80B gellant, starches: puddings CarraVis™ 80B gellant, stews Purity® NCS gellant, strong gel foods Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB gellant, structured anchovies Manugel® GMB gellant, structured fish prods. Manucol® DMF; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GHB Manugel® GMB gellant, structured foods Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Prime Alignate F25 gellant, structured glacé fruit Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ gellant, structured meat prods. Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB gellant, structured meats Manugel® GMB; Methocel® K4M Premium gellant, structured peppers Manugel® GMB gellant, structured poultry Methocel® K4M Premium gellant, structured vegs. Manugel® GMB

2391

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gellant, sucrose pudding systems StarchPlus™ SPR gellant, surimi prods. Midsol™ 2AD; Nutrifos® L-50 gellant, sweetmeats Koster Keunen Synthetic Spermaceti gellant, sweets Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 gellant, syrups Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S gellant, texture modification Mira-Gel® 463 gellant , thermal: meat patties Benecel® M 042 gellant , thermal: structured potato prods. Benecel® M 042 gellant, thickening: cold prepared custards CarraVis™ 150LC gellant, toffees Glucidex 2 gellant, tomato aspic Merecol® I gellant, tomato prods. Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB gellant, tomato sauces KELSET® gellant, toppings Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Concentrated DARILOID® XL gellant, turkey breasts PenBind® 1000 gellant, Turkish paste confectioneries Purity® TF gellant, vegetable dishes Curdlan gellant, vegetables Manugel® DMB gellant, water Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265 Lactogel® FX 7351; Viscarin® BK 1761 gellant, water-based gelled foods Merecol® I gellant, water-based puddings Merecol® I

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gellant, water dessert gels Coyote Stabilizer C-Gum 200 gellant, water-gel prods. Fucelleran; Stamere® HT; Stamere® N-350 E FCC gellant, whipped cream Concentrated DARILOID® XL gellant, whipped creams Alginade® DC gellant, whipped toppings Dariloid® QH; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methyl ethyl cellulose Soybean (Glycine soja) protein gellant, yogurt Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Novation® 9330 Pectin, amidated; TIC Pretested® Pectin LM 32 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pectin LM 35 Powder gellant, yogurt drinks TIC Pretested® Pectin LM 35 Powder gellant, yogurt fruit Genu® 20AS; Genu® 22CG; Genu® 102AS; Genu® 104AS gel strengthener, water: baloney TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder gel strengthener, water: hot dogs TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder gel strengthener, water: injected meats TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-3161-F Powder gel strengthener, water: meat emulsions TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-3161-F Powder gel strengthener, water: meat marinades TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-3161-F Powder gel strengthener, water: meats TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder gel strengthener, water: pepperoni TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder gel strengthener, water: salami TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder gel strengthener, water: sausages TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder germicide, food Lauryl betaine; Myristalkonium chloride glazing agent, antioxidant: nuts Corn protein; Vege-Coat glazing agent, baked buns TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT PreHydrated® 2392

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference glazing agent, baked goods Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Gum benzoin glazing agent, bakery bun glazes TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd. glazing agent, bakery glazes TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic PreHydrated® glazing agent, bakery prods. Crodamol GTCC; Mineral oil; Purity® Gum 59 glazing agent, beet sugar Mineral oil glazing agent, beverages Gum benzoin glazing agent, breads Crestaglaze Conc. glazing agent, cakes Crystal Gum™; Tapioca dextrin glazing agent, candy Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Crystal Gum™; Gum benzoin; K4484; Tapioca dextrin glazing agent, chewing gum Gum benzoin glazing agent, chicken TIC Pretested® Colloid Vegi-Film Powder glazing agent, confectionery Caprylic/capric triglyceride; Cargill Set 06530; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Certified® Confectioners Glaze; Crystalac® Confectioner's Glaze Delios®; Delios® S; Delios® V; Delios® VK; Mineral oil Shellac; Zein glazing agent, donuts Crystal Gum™; Paramount X; Paramount XX; Tapioca dextrin glazing agent, dried fruit Delios® S; Delios® V; Delios® VK glazing agent, edible coatings Zein Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

glazing agent, flour confectionery Crodamol GTCC glazing agent, food Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax; Capric acid; Caprylic acid; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Cetyl esters Delios®; Glyceryl rosinate; Gum benzoin; Hydrogenated poly-1-decene; Isomalt Lanolin; Methyl esters of fatty acids; Methyl rosinate; Microcrystalline wax; Mineral oil Myristic acid; Oleic acid; Paraffin; Pentaerythrityl rosinate; Petrolatum Polymuls® PGPR; Rice (Oryza sativa) wax; Rice (Oryza sativa) wax; Shellac; Stearic acid TIC Pretested® Colloid Vegi-Film Powder; Zein glazing agent, fresh fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax glazing agent, frozen blueberries TIC Pretested® Colloid 911 Powder glazing agent, frozen meats Mineral oil glazing agent, fruits Crystal Gum™; Flo-Max 5; K4484; Mineral oil glazing agent, fruits/nuts Tapioca dextrin glazing agent, grains Mineral oil; Zein glazing agent, gravies Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax glazing agent, gum Cargill Set 06530; Shellac glazing agent, hard candy Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax glazing agent, hot cross buns Crestagel glazing agent, ice cream Gum benzoin glazing agent, jelly babies Miglyol® 854; Miglyol® 855; Miglyol® 857; Miglyol® 860; Miglyol® 864 Miglyol® 866; Miglyol® 870 glazing agent, licorice Miglyol® 854; Miglyol® 855; Miglyol® 857; Miglyol® 860; Miglyol® 864 Miglyol® 866; Miglyol® 870 glazing agent, nuts Crystal Gum™; Flo-Max 5; K4484; Zein glazing agent, panned goods Zein 2393

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference glazing agent, pastries Flo-Max 5 glazing agent, pastry glazes K4484; Tapioca dextrin glazing agent, pet food glazes TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic PreHydrated® glazing agent, pickles Mineral oil glazing agent, potatoes Mineral oil glazing agent, processed fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax glazing agent, puddings Gum benzoin glazing agent, soft candy Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax glazing agent, sorbic acid Mineral oil glazing agent, sugar confectionery Crodamol GTCC glazing agent, sweet rolls Crestagel glazing agent, sweets Calcium silicate; Magnesium silicate; Miglyol® 854; Miglyol® 855; Miglyol® 857 Miglyol® 860; Miglyol® 864; Miglyol® 866; Miglyol® 870 glazing agent, tablet food supplements Shellac glazing agent, vegetables Mineral oil glazing agent, wine gums Miglyol® 854; Miglyol® 855; Miglyol® 857; Miglyol® 860; Miglyol® 864 Miglyol® 866; Miglyol® 870 glidant, food Act II 200 USP; Altalc 325 USP; Altalc 500 USP glidant, tableting Altalc 500 USP gloss aid, aq. food systems Purity® HPC gloss aid, baked goods Gold-N-Shine; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic gloss aid, bakery/snack glazes Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648 gloss aid, beverage mixes Durtan® 60 gloss aid, beverages Instant Textra

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gloss aid, bottled pickles Purity® HPC gloss aid, breads Crestaglaze Conc. gloss aid, cakes Durtan® 60 gloss aid, candy Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N gloss aid, canned foods: cream style corn Clearjel® S gloss aid, canned foods: dinner prods. Clearjel® S gloss aid, canned foods: gravies Clearjel® S gloss aid, canned foods: sauces Clearjel® S gloss aid, canned foods: soups Clearjel® S gloss aid, chocolate Canarcel 60; Durtan® 65; Textra® Plus gloss aid, chocolate coatings Durtan® 60; Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20EN; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N Lac-Glaze 32E; Lac-Glaze 32E-N gloss aid, coatings Sorbitan 60 K gloss aid, coffee Textra® Plus gloss aid, coffee whiteners Durtan® 60; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic gloss aid, compd. coatings Durtan® 65 gloss aid, compound coatings Santone® 8-1-O gloss aid, confectionery Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Durlac® 100W gloss aid, confectionery coatings Durtan® 60; Myverol® 18-07 gloss aid, cream-style corn Purity® CS C; Purity® W gloss aid, dinners Hiflo® gloss aid, dips Rice*Trin® 16 Organic gloss aid, dressings BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 28DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 28DE gloss aid, dry mixes Textra® Plus 2394

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gloss aid, food Benol®; Blandol®; Durtan® 60; Hiflo®; Klearol® Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N; Lipovol A; Lipovol ALM; Lipovol P; Lipovol SAF Lipovol WGO; S-Maz® 60K; Sorbitan 60 K gloss aid, food supplements Sorbitol Special™ Polyol Solution gloss aid, frozen gravies Hiflo® gloss aid, fruit fillings Purity® HPC gloss aid, fruits Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N gloss aid, gravies Rice*Trin® 16 Organic gloss aid, hard butter confectionery coatings Polyaldo® TGMS KFG gloss aid, hard butters Polyaldo® TGMS gloss aid, health foods Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N gloss aid, high-acid foods Purity® HPC gloss aid, high-acid sauces Thermshear gloss aid, hot cross buns Crestagel gloss aid, icing Durtan® 60 gloss aid, lemon sauces Thermshear gloss aid, margarine Lipovol SUN gloss aid, nutritional beverages Rice*Trin® 16 Organic gloss aid, peanut butter Dimodan® PVP Kosher gloss aid, pie fillings TIC Pretested® Colloid 787 Powder gloss aid, plum sauces Thermshear gloss aid, pot pies Hiflo® gloss aid, relishes Purity® HPC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

gloss aid, retorted foods Clearjel®; Purity® HPC gloss aid, salad dressings Rice*Trin® 16 Organic gloss aid, sauces Hiflo®; Instant Textra; Purity® HPC; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic gloss aid, soft gelatin capsules Sorbitol Special™ Polyol Solution gloss aid, soups Purity® HPC; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic gloss aid, specialty items Clearjel® S gloss aid, sweet rolls Crestagel gloss aid, syrups Instant Textra gloss aid, tea Textra® Plus gloss aid, whipped toppings Durtan® 60 glucose source, food Corn (Zea mays) starch gluten modifier, breads Basic Natural™ TM gluten modifier, bun Basic Natural™ TM gluten modifier, English muffins Basic Natural™ TM gluten modifier, puff pastries Basic Natural™ TM glycerol substitute Sodium lactate grain improver Proflex grease, food Drakeol® 19 grinding aid, food SiLCRON® G-100; SiLCRON® G-601; SiLCRON® G-650 grinding aid, high oil/fatty food N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin grinding aid, nuts N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin growth-promoting factor, Vitamin B2 complexes Riboflavin gum Arabic replacement Amylogum CLS; Cargill Set 06530; Flo-Max 5; Purity® Gum BE gum Arabic replacement, candies Crystal Gum™; K4484 2395

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference gum Arabic replacement, confectionery hard gums Crystal Tex™ 648 gum Arabic replacement, confectionery pan coatings Purity® Gum 59 gum Arabic replacement, cough drops Purity® Gum 40 gum Arabic replacement, flavors C*EmTex; Purity® Gum 1773; Purity® Gum 2000 gum Arabic replacement, fruit gums Purity® Gum 40 gum Arabic replacement, hard gum candies Purity® Gum 40 gum Arabic replacement, lozenges Purity® Gum 40 gum Arabic replacement, wine gums Purity® Gum 40 hardener, gelatin Ammonium alum; Potassium alum dodecahydrate hardener, hard butter confectionery coatings Polyaldo® TGMS KFG hardener, hard butters Polyaldo® TGMS hardener, pasteurized process cheese Emulsi-Phos 660™; Emulsi-Phos 990™ hardening agent, gelatin Diacetyl hardening inhibitor, chewing gum GMS 400V hard fat Imwitor® 375; Imwitor® 1327 GR hard fat, chocolate Witarix® 212 hard fat, confectionery Witarix® 212 hard fat, finished food articles Imwitor® 372 hard fat, food Witarix® 200; Witocan® 42/44; Witocan® H; Witocan® P hard fat, solid/hollow food applics. Witocan® H hard fat, solid, hollow food articles Imwitor® 373 hard fat, thin coatings Witocan® HS hard oil, confectionery Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

haze inhibitor, beer Polyclar® 10; Polyclar® Super R haze remover, starch: brewing Liquamil-340; Liquamil-1200; Liquamil 7000 Concentrate heat penetration aid, aseptically processed canned foods Thermtex® heat penetration aid, cook-in-can fruit fillings Thermtex® heat penetration aid, emulsion meats Thermtex® heat penetration aid, high shear systems Thermtex® heat penetration aid, retorted foods Thermtex® heat penetration aid, spoonable salad dressings Thermtex® heat transfer fluid, food processing Purity* FG heavy metal scavenger, fruit juice Potassium ferrocyanide heavy metal scavenger, wine Potassium ferrocyanide herbicide, potable water Copper homogenizer, food Glyceryl soyate; Radiamuls MG 2141; Radiamuls MG 2143; Radiamuls MG 2152; Radiamuls MG 2900 homogenizer, peanut butter Gempolym honey substitute Invert sugar hop aroma source, beer Aromahop® OE hop aroma source, beer brewing Aromahop® humectant Invert sugar; Moon™ Glycerine USP K; Moon™ Kosher Glycerine USP NK; Pricerine™ 9091; Pricerine™ 9099 SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40; SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 Star™ Glycerine USP, FCC; Star™ K Glycerine USP, FCC; Star™ V Glycerine USP, FCC humectant, baby foods Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600

2396

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference humectant, baked goods Bionature® Light Liquid Molasses; CNP BRSSHG40; CNP RSSHG40; CNP RSSHM; C*Sorbidex C 16121 C*Sorbidex C 16122; Glycerin; Lactose; Litesse®; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 Polydextrose; Potassium acid tartrate; Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria); Rice*Trin® 35; Sorbogem™ L-Tartaric acid humectant, bakery prods. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Merigel 100; Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 347 Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritol 160; Meritose 100 Meritose 200; Meritose 300; Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470; Nu-Star® 140 Star-Dri® 180; Sta-Slim™ 143; Sta-Slim™ 151 humectant, baking mixes Polydextrose humectant, baking powder Potassium acid tartrate; L-Tartaric acid humectant, beverages Globe® Corn Syrup Solids; Invert sugar humectant, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose humectant, brewing Invert sugar humectant, butter Lactose humectant, cake mixes Maltrin® M150; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Sorbogem™ humectant, cakes Fructose humectant, candy Glycerin; Potassium acid tartrate humectant, canned fruits Fructose humectant, cereal coatings Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC humectant, cereals Fructose; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 humectant, chewing gum C*Sorbidex C; Litesse®; Polydextrose humectant, chocolate flavors Malt extract humectant, confectionery Calcium lactate; Invert sugar; Lactose; Litesse®; Maltrin® M150

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Meritol 160; Meritose 100; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Polydextrose; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium lactate; Rice*Trin® 35; Sorbogem™ humectant, controlled-moisture foods Glycon® G-100; Glycon® G-300; Hystar® 3375; Hystar® 4075; Hystar® 5875 Hystar® 6075; Hystar® HM-75 humectant, cookie mixes Maltrin® M150 humectant, cream Soda Phos (FG) humectant, cream centers Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC humectant, cream of tartar L-Tartaric acid humectant, cured meat Malt extract humectant, dehydrated foods Maltrin® M150 humectant, diabetic food Amalty®; Fructose; Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC; Xylitol humectant, dietetic foods Fructose; Xylitol humectant, dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose humectant, dried fruits Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC humectant, dry-roasted nuts Sorbogem™ humectant, dry technology foods Sweet'N'Neat® Dry Raisin Flakes humectant, effervescent beverages L-Tartaric acid humectant, eggs Soda Phos (FG) humectant, fillings Polydextrose; Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC; Sorbogem™ humectant, flavored syrups Maltrin® M150 humectant, fondants Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC humectant, food Acacia; ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids; Agar; Agnique GLY 96; Agnique GLY 99-U Ammonium alginate; Arlac P®; Arlac S®; Barley (Hordeum distichon) extract; Brown rice syrup 2397

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Calcium chloride; C*Sorbidex C; C*Sorbidex C 16121; C*Sorbidex C 16122; Dow Glycerine 96% USP Dow Glycerine 99.5% USP/EP; Emery® 917; Fructose; Globe® Corn Syrup Solids; Glycerin Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Invert sugar; Lactose; Litesse® Malt extract; Maltrin® M150; D-Mannitol; OL-700; OL-710 Optim™ Glycerine 99.7; PG USP; Polydextrose; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polyglyceryl-10 dioleate Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium lactate; Potassium phosphate dibasic; Pricerine™ 9081; Pricerine™ 9083 Pricerine™ 9098; Propylene glycol; Propylene Glycol USP, FCC; Purasal® HiPure P; Purasal® S Purasal® S/PF 60; Purasal® S/SP 60; Rice syrup solids; Sodium hydrogen malate; Sodium lactate Sodium malate; Sorbitol; Sorbitol Sol'n. High Mannitol; Sorbo®; Sorbogem™ Superol™ K (kosher); Superol™ NK; Superol™ V (vegetable); Sweet'n'Neat® 50; T-1 T-1855; L-Tartaric acid; Triacetin; V-1655; V1695 Xylitol humectant, food processing Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400 humectant, frostings Ammonium alginate; Polydextrose humectant, frozen dairy desserts Polydextrose humectant, frozen dairy prods. Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) humectant, frozen desserts Litesse®; Maltrin® M150; Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC; Sorbogem™ humectant, frozen prods. Fructose humectant, fruit fillings Sta-Slim™ 143 humectant, gelatin Ammonium alginate; Polydextrose; Potassium acid tartrate humectant, gelatin desserts L-Tartaric acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

humectant, glazes Maltrin® M150 humectant, half & half Soda Phos (FG) humectant, hard candy Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC humectant, hard/soft candy Polydextrose humectant, ice cream Ammonium alginate; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Soda Phos (FG) humectant, icings Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC; Sorbogem™ humectant, infant foods Invert sugar; Lactose humectant, instant soups CNP BRSSHG40; CNP RSSHG40; CNP RSSHM humectant, jams Ammonium alginate; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium lactate humectant, jellies Ammonium alginate; Potassium lactate; Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC humectant, lite prods. Litesse® humectant, low-calorie bakery pie fillings Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 humectant, low-fat prods. Glycerin humectant, margarine Lactose; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Potassium lactate humectant, marmalades Potassium lactate humectant, marshmallows Glycerin humectant, meat Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG) humectant, meat prods. Oat (Avena sativa) fiber humectant, nutritional beverages Rice*Trin® 35 humectant, pet foods Propylene Glycol USP, FCC humectant, poultry Malt extract; Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG) humectant, powdered juices Fructose

2398

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference humectant, processed cheeses Soda Phos (FG) humectant, processed foods Amalty® humectant, processed meats Nutrifos® 100 humectant, protein beverages Rice syrup solids humectant, puddings Potassium acid tartrate; Quillaja (Quillaja saponaria) humectant, reduced-calorie foods Polydextrose humectant, rendered animal fats Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids humectant, salad dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Polydextrose humectant, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose humectant, sauces Amalty®; Ammonium alginate; Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC humectant, sausages Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC humectant, seafood Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG) humectant, shredded coconut Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC humectant, snacks foods Merigel 100; Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 347; Meritena 100 Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritose 100; Meritose 200; Meritose 300 Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470; NuStar® 140; Propylene Glycol USP, FCC; Rice*Trin® 35 Star-Dri® 180; Sta-Slim™ 143; Sta-Slim™ 151 humectant, soft confectionery Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC humectant, soy-based prods. Brown rice syrup; CNP BRSSHG40; CNP RSSHG40; CNP RSSHM humectant, special dietary uses Xylitol humectant, spices Amalty® humectant, sugar-free confectionery Amalty® humectant, sugar-free food Sorbitol Sol'n. Noncrystallizing Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

humectant, sugar-free fruit preps. Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 humectant, sugarless confectionery Glycon® G-100; Glycon® G-300; Hystar® 3375; Hystar® 4075; Hystar® 5875 Hystar® 6075; Hystar® HM-75 humectant, surimi Sorbogem™ humectant, table syrups Soda Phos (FG) humectant, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) humectant, tobacco Sorbitol humectant, toppings Ammonium alginate humectant, vanilla flavors Malt extract humectant, vitamin supplements Amalty® humectant, whey Soda Phos (FG) humectant, whipped toppings Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids HVP replacement Oxyfos™; Red Miso Powder 6100 hydration aid, cake mixes Vykamol 83G hydrolysis inhibitor Ethocel™ Standard 4 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium hydrolyzes, coffee gums Hemicellulase hygroscopicity aid, biscuits C*Sorbidex S 16603 hygroscopicity aid, chewing gum C*Sorbidex S 16603 hygroscopicity aid, fruit fillings C*Sorbidex S 16603 hygroscopicity aid, ginger bread C*Sorbidex S 16603 hygroscopicity aid, ice cream C*Sorbidex S 16603 hygroscopic property inhibitor PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9; PEG-10 PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20; PEG-32 PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG-150; PEG180 2399

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Polyethylene glycol improving agent, food Potassium bromate inhibitor, protein denaturation: frozen shrimp SeaFresh™ 10; SeaFresh™ 50 inhibitor, separation: custards Stamere® CK NF FCC inhibitor, separation: milk puddings Stamere® CK NF FCC inhibitor, separation: pies Stamere® CK NF FCC inhibitor, thermal protein denaturation Sucrose polystearate inhibitor, weeping: baked goods TIC Pretested® Colloid 911 Powder inhibitor, weeping: blueberry muffins TIC Pretested® Colloid 911 Powder instantizer Alcolec® Z-3; Beakin LV30 instantizer, baby foods Metarin™ P instantizer, cake mixes Alcolec® F-100; Alcolec® FF-100; Alcolec® Granules instantizer, caseinates Metarin™ C instantizer, cocoa beverage powders Alcolec® F-100; Alcolec® FF-100; Alcolec® Granules instantizer, cocoa prods. Metarin™ F; Metarin™ P instantizer, cold water-soluble food Metarin™ 436 instantizer, dessert powders Alcolec® F-100; Alcolec® FF-100 instantizer, dietetic prods. Metarin™ CP; Metarin™ P instantizer, flavor-sensitive systems Metarin™ CP; Metarin™ P instantizer, food Beakin LV1; Lecisperse™ 3236; Metarin™ F instantizer, gravy mixes Alcolec® F-100; Alcolec® FF-100; Alcolec® Granules instantizer, milk powders Alcolec® F-100; Alcolec® FF-100; Alcolec® Granules; Metarin™ P instantizer, milk prods. Metarin™ CP instantizer, powdered mixes Metarin™ CP

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

instantizer, powdery food Metarin™ P instantizer, protein powders Alcolec® F-100; Alcolec® FF-100; Alcolec® Granules instantizer, proteins Metarin™ P instantizer, sauces Metarin™ CP; Metarin™ F; Metarin™ P instantizer, soups Metarin™ CP; Metarin™ F; Metarin™ P instantizer, spray oils Beakin LV1 intermediate Decyl alcohol; Lauryl alcohol; PEG-6 oleate; PEG-8 oleate intermediate, animal nutrition supplements Methyl mercaptan intermediate, beverages Caprylic alcohol intermediate, candy Caprylic alcohol intermediate, fermentable: brewing Maltose intermediate, flavor chemical synthesis Citronellal 80 intermediate, flavors Camphene 46; Decene-1; Dimethyl hexynediol; 1-Hexene; 1,2Methylenedioxybenzene intermediate, food additives Hexyl alcohol; Stearyl alcohol intermediate, food-grade binders Nonoxynol-7 intermediate, food-grade emulsifiers Caprylic/capric acid; Hydrogenated stearic acid; Industrene® 226 FG K; Industrene® 5016 NF; Industrene® 7018 FG Nonoxynol-7; Soy acid; Tallow acid intermediate, food-grade lubricants Nonoxynol-7 intermediate, food-grade release agents Nonoxynol-7 intermediate, gelatin desserts Caprylic alcohol intermediate, ice cream Caprylic alcohol intermediate, phosphates: food Sodium carbonate intermediate, pudding mixes Caprylic alcohol

2400

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference intermediate, vitamins Ethylacetoacetate iodine dietary supplement Calcium iodate iodine source, animal nutrition Calcium iodate iodine source, food Kelp; Potassium iodide iodine source, table salt Potassium iodide ion-exchange membrane, grapefruit juice mfg. Chloromethyl methyl ether; Diethylenetriamine; Dimethylamine; Dimethylethanolamine; Polyethylene Polyethylene wax; Polywax® 2000; Polywax® 3000 ion exchange membrane, liquid foods Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-(1-(difluoro((trifluoroethenyl) oxy] methyl]-1,2,2,2tetrafluoroethoxy]-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-, polymer with tetrafluoroethane ion exchange resin, food treatment Anthracite coal, sulfonated; Diethylenetriamine crosslinked with epichlorohydrin; Formaldehyde/acetone/tetraethylenepenta mine resin; Methacrylic aciddivinylbenzene copolymer; Phenolformaldehyde, crosslinked, sulfitemodified Styrene/DVB copolymer, sulfonated; Sulfopropyl cellulose; Tetraethylenepentamine crosslinked with epichlorohydrin; Triethylenetetramine crosslinked with epichlorohydrin ion-exchange resin, purification: food Diaion® SA20A; Diaion® SA21A; Diaion® UBK530; Diaion® UBK550; Diaion® UBK555 Diaion® WA30; Polystyrene ion-exchange resin, purification: potable water Diaion® SA20A; Diaion® SA21A; Diaion® UBK530; Diaion® UBK550; Diaion® UBK555 Diaion® WA30; Polystyrene ion exchange resin, weakly basic: food purification Diethylaminoethyl cellulose iron fortifier, flour Rich-Pak®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

iron scavenger Lactoferrin iron source, cereals Ferrous fumarate iron source, food Ferric pyrophosphate; Ferrous fumarate iron source, frozen waffles Ferrous fumarate iron source, infant formulas Ferric pyrophosphate; Ferrous fumarate iron source, special dietary food Ferric choline citrate iron supplement, breads Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid iron supplement, buns Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid iron supplement, corn meals Domestic CM Enrichment with Folic Acid iron supplement, food Ferronyl® iron supplement, rolls Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid iron supplement, vitamins Ferronyl® isomerization agent, hops: beer brewing Calcium chloride; Magnesium chloride isomerization agent, modified hop extract: beer flavoring Potassium carbonate; Sodium hydroxide juice enhancer Activera™ 1-1FA (Filtered); Aloe barbadensis gel juiciness retention aid, meat Solka-Floc® JF 600/20; Solka-Floc® JF BH40 FCC; Solka-Floc® JF BH200 FCC; Solka-Floc® JF HS40 FCC kneading improver, dough Lamemul® K 2000-Range lactic acid control agent, cream-to-butter: prechurning Sodium sesquicarbonate lactic acid control agent, cream-to-butter: prepasteurization Sodium sesquicarbonate leavening acid HT® Monocalcium Phosphate 2401

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference leavening acid, bakery cakes SAPP 28 leavening acid, baking powder SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 leavening acid, cake doughnuts SAPP 26; SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 leavening acid, cake mixes SAPP 26; SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 leavening acid, commercial baking powder SAPP 28 leavening acid, frozen doughs SAPP 26; SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 leavening acid, powders SAPP 26 leavening acid, prepared mixes SAPP 28 leavening acid, refrigerated doughs SAPP 26; SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 leavening acid, slow reaction rate prods. SAPP #4 leavening agent Aluminum Stearate 22 leavening agent, baby foods Gluconolactone leavening agent, baked goods Actif-8®; ADM Cream Acid Salt; Adipic acid; Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium hydroxide Ammonium phosphate; Donut Pyro®; Dough-Rise™; Gluconolactone; Levn-Lite® Pan-O-Lite®Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium bicarbonate; Perfection®; V90®; Sodium alum Victor Cream® leavening agent, baking creams BP Pyro leavening agent, baking powder Adipic acid; Ajax®; Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium phosphate; BP Pyro BL-60®; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Levair®; Potassium acid tartrate; V-90® leavening agent, beer brewing Ammonium chloride leavening agent, biscuit mixes Stabil® 9 leavening agent, cake/cookie/muffin/pancake mixes Levair® leavening agent, cake mixes BP Pyro; BL-60®; Potassium bisulfate; V90® Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

leavening agent, cakes Perfection®; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic leavening agent, cakes having a high portion of corn syrup solids Royal Baking Powd. leavening agent, candy Potassium acid tartrate leavening agent, canned food Gluconolactone leavening agent, caramel Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium hydroxide leavening agent, carbonated beverages Carbon dioxide leavening agent, cereals BL-60®; Donut Pyro®; Dough-Rise™; Perfection®; V-90® Victor Cream® leavening agent, cheeses Ammonium hydroxide leavening agent, commercial baking powder Levn-Lite® leavening agent, confectionery Potassium acid tartrate leavening agent, cookies Ammonium bicarbonate; Bionature® Light Liquid Molasses leavening agent, corn meal V-90® leavening agent, crackers Ammonium bicarbonate leavening agent, cured meats Gluconolactone leavening agent, dairy prods. Adipic acid; Gluconolactone leavening agent, dessert mixes Gluconolactone leavening agent, devil's food cakes Perfection® leavening agent, dietary drinks Potassium bicarbonate leavening agent, double-acting: baked goods SAPP 28; SAPP 40 leavening agent, dough Py-ran®; Yeast leavening agent, doughnut mixes BP Pyro; Donut Pyro®; Dough-Rise™ leavening agent, doughnuts Perfection® leavening agent, dried milk prods. Potassium bicarbonate 2402

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference leavening agent, fish prods. Gluconolactone leavening agent, food Adipic acid; Ammonium bicarbonate; Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium chloride; Ammonium hydroxide Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Calcium lactate; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium sulfate Carbon dioxide; Fumaric acid; Gluconolactone; Pationic® 1233; Pationic® 1240 Pationic® 1250; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium bicarbonate; Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Sodium alum Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic; Sodium bicarbonate leavening agent, frankfurters Gluconolactone leavening agent, frozen desserts Adipic acid; Ammonium phosphate leavening agent, frozen doughs Levair® leavening agent, frozen prods. Levn-Lite® leavening agent, gelatin Ammonium carbonate; Potassium acid tartrate leavening agent, Genoa salami Gluconolactone leavening agent, institutional/bakery/consumer mixes Victor Cream® leavening agent, jams Potassium acid tartrate leavening agent, margarine Ammonium phosphate; Potassium bicarbonate leavening agent, pancake flour Actif-8®; Ajax®; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous leavening agent, pancake mixes Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic; V-90® leavening agent, pickles Sodium alum leavening agent, prepared cake mixes Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous leavening agent, prepared mixes Actif-8®; Ajax®; Levn-Lite®; Perfection® leavening agent, prepared muffin mixes Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

leavening agent, processed cheeses Gluconolactone leavening agent, processed fruits Ammonium hydroxide leavening agent, puddings Ammonium hydroxide; Potassium acid tartrate leavening agent, quick-cook applics. Aerophos® XA leavening agent, refrigerated prods. Levn-Lite® leavening agent, salads Gluconolactone leavening agent, sauces Gluconolactone leavening agent, sausages Gluconolactone leavening agent, self-rising corn meal Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Stabil® 9 leavening agent, self-rising corn meal mixes Actif-8® leavening agent, self-rising flour Actif-8®; Ajax®; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Stabil® 9; V-90® leavening agent, snack foods Adipic acid leavening agent, spice preps. Gluconolactone leavening agent, waffle mixes V-90® leavening agent, whipped toppings Ammonium phosphate leavening agent, wine Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic leveling agent, bakery prods. Ammonium caseinate leveling agent, food Ammonium caseinate lipids source, nutritional Crodamol GTCC liquefier, adjuncts: brewing Liquamil-340; Liquamil-1200; Liquamil 7000 Concentrate liquefier, starch Clarase® Conc.; Multifect AA 16L L-methionine source, food N-Acetyl-L-methionine locust bean gum substitute TIC Pretested® Caragum 200

2403

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference lubricant Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Cithrol GMO N/E; DREWPOL 3-5CC; Durkex 100BHA; Durkex 500 Durkex™ NT 100; Emersol® 6333; Precept™ 8120™; Softenol® 3660 lubricant, baked goods Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Delios® S; Glyceryl stearate; Hodag® S-35 K Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S; LSC™ 3070; LSC™ 4060; LSC™ 5050 LSC™ 6040; LSC™ 6040B; LSC™ 6040DB lubricant, bakery prods. Caprylic/capric triglyceride; Petrolatum; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; ProPhos™; TroKote™; TroKote™ Light lubricant, bakery pan oils Drakeol® 34 lubricant, bakery pans Hydrogenated sperm oil lubricant, bakery prods. Crodamol GTCC; Mineral oil lubricant, beet sugar Mineral oil lubricant, beverages Instant Textra; N-Lite® CL; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B Powdered Guar Gum Type BB lubricant, cakes Dynasan® 118 lubricant, cake shortenings Glyceryl stearate lubricant, candy Koster Keunen Carnauba; Magnesium stearate lubricant, canned pet foods Methocel® K100LV Premium lubricant, canned soups N-Lite® L lubricant, cereals Myverol 18-06PK lubricant, chocolate Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K lubricant, chocolate covered candy Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

lubricant, chutes TroKote™; TroKote™ Light lubricant, citrus Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax lubricant, clinical nutrition Capmul® GMS-50; Caprol® ET; Captex® 300; Captex® 355 EP/NF; Captex® 355 Captex® 1000; Clarity; Dritex S; Hydrokote® 112; Sterotex® K lubricant, cocoa Tristearin lubricant, coffee whiteners Hodag® S-35 K; Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S lubricant, cold-process liquid food systems National® 320; N-Lite® LP lubricant, colors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate lubricant, compressed confectionery Dynasan® 114; Trimyristin lubricant, compressed sweets Dynasan® 118 lubricant, confectionery Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 592; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light); Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse Carnauba Wax Fine; Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine; Fonoline® White Fonoline® Yellow; Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Liposorb L-20; LSC™ 3070 LSC™ 4060; LSC™ 5050; LSC™ 6040; LSC™ 6040B; LSC™ 6040DB Mineral oil; Petrolatum; Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® Yellow 2A; Tristearin lubricant, confectionery coatings Aldo® MCT KFG; Liposorb S; Span® 65; Span® 65K lubricant, confectionery cutting surfaces Aldo® MSD KFG lubricant, confectionery machinery C8-10 acid triglyceride; Softenol® 3108 lubricant, cooking oils Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil lubricant, corn popping Pureco® 76 2404

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference lubricant, craft bakeries Wundrol Super lubricant, dairy prods. Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs.; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB lubricant, dehydrated fruits Petrolatum lubricant, dehydrated vegetables Petrolatum lubricant, desserts Glyceryl stearate; Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium lubricant, dietetic prods. Methocel® K15M Premium; Miglyol® 810; Miglyol® 812; Miglyol® 840 lubricant, dough dividers Bake-Well Divider Oil; Bake-Well K Machine Oil lubricant, dough transfer: large scale bakeries Wundrol 100 lubricant, dry mix soups N-Lite® LP lubricant, egg coatings Drakeol® 5 lubricant, egg white solids Petrolatum lubricant, extruded foods Myverol 18-06PK lubricant, extruded seafood prods. Methocel® K4M Premium lubricant, extruded snacks Methocel® K4M Premium lubricant, fats/oils Tristearin lubricant, fillings Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S lubricant, flavors Polysorbate 61 lubricant, flavor-sensitive dairy systems N-Lite® CL lubricant, flavors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate lubricant, flavor systems Liposorb L-20 lubricant, flour confectionery Crodamol GTCC

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

lubricant, food AP™ 25; AP™ 35; AP™ 45; Acetylated glyceryl stearate; Acetylated hydrogenated coconut glycerides Acetylated hydrogenated lard glyceride; Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glyceride; Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides; Acetylated monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Act II 200 USP Alcolec® BS; Alcolec® S; Altalc 325 USP; AP™ 125; AP™ 135 AP™ 145; AP™ 150; Avagel™ 520; Avagel™ 525; Avagel™ 530 Avagel™ 560; Avatar® Amber Petrolatum; Avatar® Petrolatum SS; Avatar® Snow White™; Avatar® Soft White™ Avatar® Yellow Petrolatum; Blandol®; Britol® 6NF; Britol® 7NF; Britol® 9NF Britol® 20USP; Britol® 35USP; Britol® 50USP; Calcium stearate; Calcium Stearate 920-T Canola acid; Capric acid; Caprol® 10G10O; Caprylic/capric acid; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 592; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light) Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine; Chemstat® G118/52; Citation™ 55 Citation™ 55S; Citation™ 100; Citation™ 130; Citation™ 150; Citation™ 210 Citation™ 280; Citation™ 350; Citation™ 550; Cithrol GDO N/E; Cithrol GDO S/E Cithrol GDS N/E; Cithrol GDS S/E; Cithrol GML S/E; Cithrol GMS 0400; Cithrol GMS A/S Cithrol GMS N/E; Cithrol GMS S/E; Cithrol PGML S/E; Cithrol PGMO S/E; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil Crill 35; DK Ester F-20W; Drakeol® 10; Drakeol® 10B; Drakeol® 13 Drakeol® 15; Drakeol® 19; Drakeol® 19; Drakeol® 21; Drakeol® 34 Drakeol® 35; Drakeol® 5; Drakeol® 350; Drakeol® 32; Draketex 50

2405

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher; Dry-Flo®; Emersol® 6313 NF; Emersol® 6320; Emersol® 6321 Emersol® 6332; Emersol® 6349; Emersol® 7036; Ervol®; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575 Estasan™ GT 8-60 3580 MCT Oil; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577; Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579; Fonoline® White; Fonoline® Yellow Glicopol 2-G; Gloria®; Glyceryl dioleate; Glyceryl dioleate SE; Glyceryl distearate Glyceryl distearate SE; Glyceryl laurate SE; Glyceryl oleate SE; Glyceryl ricinoleate SE; Glyceryl stearate Glycon® CAN KFG; Glycon® CLK KFG; Glycon® O75 KFG; Glycon® S-65 T; Glycon® S-70 KFG Glycon® S-90 KFG; Glycon® SFA KFG; Glycon® TP KFG; Green Soap; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Hodag® S-35 K; Hydrobrite® 300PO; Hydrogenated stearic acid; Hydrogenated tallow acid; Hystrene® 5016 NF FG Hystrene® 7018 FG; Hystrene® 9718 NF FG; Imperial 400; Industrene® 226 FG K; Industrene® 5016 NF Industrene® 7018 FG; Kaydol®; Koster Keunen Carnauba; Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K Leciprime™ 1500; Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S; Lipovol HS-K; Lipovol PAL Lipovol SOY; Magnesium caprate; Magnesium carbonate hydroxide; Magnesium oxide; Magnesium stearate D-Mannitol; Methocel® 310 Series; Methocel® E4M Premium EP; Methocel® E6 Premium; Methocel® E15LV Methocel® E15LV Premium; Methocel® J5MS; Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium Methocel® K100M Premium; Microcrystalline cellulose; Milopol G-7; Mineral Jelly No. 10; Mineral Jelly No. 14 Mineral Jelly No. 17; Mineral oil; M Kemfluid 219-D; Monestriol DM; Monestriol GCT Monestriol GE; Monestriol GP; Monestriol GP-35; Monestriol GP-35-3%; Monestriol GP-35-AE Monestriol GP-40; Monestriol GP-40-CF; Monestriol GP-40-DC; Monestriol GP-45; Monestriol GP-45-DC

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs.; MSOPB; MSOPB/G; Myristic acid Myvacet® 9-45K; NEOBEE® 18; NEOBEE® M-20; Ointment Base No. 4; Ointment Base No. 6 Oleic acid; Oleyl alcohol; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil; Palmitic acid; PEG-8 dioleate PEG-6 oleate; PEG-8 oleate; PEG-75 oleate; Penreco Amber; Penreco Blond Penreco Cream; Penreco Lily; Penreco Regent; Penreco Royal; Penreco Snow Penreco Super; Penreco Ultima; Perfecta®; Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 170 USP White Petrolatum Pinnacle™ 170A USP Amber Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 190 USP White Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 190A USP Amber Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 225 USP White Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 225A USP Amber Petrolatum Pinnacle™ LC 170 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ LC 190 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ LC 225 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ WF 170 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ WF 190 Petrolatum, USP Pinnacle™ WF 225 Petrolatum, USP; Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 dioleate; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Precept™ 8160™; Propylene glycol laurate; Propylene glycol laurate SE Propylene glycol oleate; Propylene glycol oleate SE; Propylene glycol ricinoleate; Propylene glycol ricinoleate SE; Propylene glycol stearate SE Ross Carnauba Wax; Rudol®; Santone® 1010-0; SF18-350; Slip-Ayd® SL 506 Slip-Ayd® SL 508; S-Maz® 80K; S-Maz® 85K; S-Nauba #1-120; S-Nauba #1 Flake S-Nauba #3-120; S-Nauba #3 Flake; SNauba 5021; Solec® HR; Sonojell® No. 4 Sonojell® No. 9; Sorbitan sesquioleate; Sorbitol; Sorbo®; Soy acid Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Span® 20 Pharma; Span® 40; Span® 60; Span® 60 Pharma Powder Span® 60K; Span® 65; Span® 65K; Span® 85; Stearic acid

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Struktol® Calcium Stearate; Struktol® TR 016; Superla® No. 5; Superla® No. 7; Superla® No. 9 Superla® No. 10; Superla® No. 13; Superla® No. 18; Superla® No. 21; Superla® No. 31 Superla® No. 35; Superla® No. 38; Superla® No. 50; Super White Fonoline®; Super White Protopet® Synpro® Calcium Stearate Kosher Food Grade (LD); Synpro® Magnesium Stearate Food Grade (Kosher); Synpro® Zinc Stearate (Kosher); Talc; Tallow acid Thomil G; Tilol GCT-R; Tilol GP-O; Triacetina; Triol 91 Trioleina; Tristearin lubricant, food machinery C8-10 acid triglyceride; Softenol® 3108 lubricant, food powders Magnesium Stearate NF FGD lubricant, food processing AA USP; Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glyceride; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400; Carnation® Imperial 400; Protol®; Protopet® Alba; Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® White 2L Protopet® White 3C; Protopet® Yellow 2A lubricant, food tablets PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9; PEG-10 PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20; PEG-32 PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG-150; PEG180 Polyethylene glycol lubricant, fresh fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax lubricant, frozen desserts Hodag® S-35 K; Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S; Myverol 18-06PK lubricant, frozen meats Mineral oil lubricant, fruit coatings Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 592; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light) Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

lubricant, fruits Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate; Mineral oil lubricant, fruit/vegetable coatings Drakeol® 5 lubricant, general-purpose food applics. Pureco® 76 lubricant, grains Mineral oil lubricant, gravies Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Methocel® K15M Premium lubricant, gum Magnesium stearate lubricant, ice cream Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate; Myverol 18-06PK lubricant, ice cream cones Methocel® K4M Premium lubricant, icings Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S; Methocel® K4M Premium lubricant, imitation chocolate Tristearin lubricant, infant formulas Capmul® GMS-50; Caprol® ET; Captex® 300; Captex® 355; Captex® 1000 Magnesium oxide; Pureco® 76; Tricaprin lubricant, instant potatoes Myverol 18-06PK lubricant, instant salad dressings National® 320; N-Lite® LP lubricant, in-store bakeries Econo Divider Oil; Wundrol Super lubricant, internal: food Benol® lubricant, liquid food systems N-Lite® L lubricant, low-fat/nonfat prods. N-Lite® LP lubricant, low-fat prods. N-Lite® L lubricant, low-fat puddings N-Lite® CL lubricant, margarine Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Span® 65; Span® 65K lubricant, meat Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB 2407

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference lubricant, meat packing Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® Yellow 2A lubricant, meat prods. Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids lubricant, mellorine Pureco® 76 lubricant, microwavable cheese sauces N-Lite® L; N-Lite® LP lubricant, mint Magnesium stearate lubricant, molded food Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides lubricant, mold: food Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides phosphate; Sodium glyceryl oleate phosphate lubricant, mold release: food Drakeol® 7; Drakeol® 9 lubricant, mousses Methocel® K100LV Premium lubricant, no-fat prods. N-Lite® L lubricant, no-fat puddings N-Lite® CL lubricant, nutritional prods. Captex® 8227; Imwitor® 988; Pureco® Canola; Pureco® HOS; Pureco® HSC-1 Pureco® Soybean; Witafrol® 7420 lubricant, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® GMS-50; Caprol® ET; Captex® 1000; Clarity; Dritex S Hydrokote® 112; Pureco® 76 lubricant, nutritional supplements Tricaprin lubricant, nut roasting Pureco® 76 lubricant, nuts Glyceryl stearate lubricant, pail coating Pureco® 76 lubricant, pan: food Yelkin® SS lubricant, pasta Myverol 18-06PK lubricant, peanut butter Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate lubricant, pet foods Methocel® K15M Premium; Myverol 1806PK Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

lubricant, pickles Liposorb L-20; Mineral oil lubricant, potatoes Mineral oil lubricant, precooked waffles Precept™ 8140™ lubricant, processed fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax lubricant, puddings Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate lubricant, salad dressings Liposorb L-20; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB lubricant, salad oil Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil lubricant, salad oils Soybean (Glycine soja) oil lubricant, sauces Instant Textra; National® 320; N-Lite® CL lubricant, sausage casings C8-10 acid triglyceride; C8-10 fatty acid triglyceride; Dynacet® 285; Softenol® 3108; Span® 85 lubricant, sausages Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered lubricant, shortening Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Glyceryl stearate; Hodag® S-35 K; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil Span® 65; Span® 65K lubricant, snack foods Myverol 18-06PK lubricant, soft candy Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Monoand diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs. lubricant, soft-serve frozen desserts N-Lite® CL lubricant, sorbic acid Mineral oil lubricant, soups Methocel® K4M Premium; National® 320 lubricant, spoonable salad dressings N-Lite® L lubricant, sports supplements Captex® 355; Tricaprin 2408

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference lubricant, spreads LSC™ 3070; LSC™ 4060; LSC™ 5050; LSC™ 6040; LSC™ 6040B LSC™ 6040DB lubricant, structured meats Methocel® K4M Premium lubricant, structured poultry Methocel® K4M Premium lubricant, sugar-coated snacks Precept™ 8140™ lubricant, sugar confectionery Crodamol GTCC lubricant, syrups Instant Textra lubricant, tableting AA USP lubricant, tableting/compaction in nutritional supplements Sterotex® NF lubricant, tablet: nutrition Sterotex® HM NF lubricant, tablets Microcrystalline cellulose; Sterotex® K; Trimyristin lubricant, taco shells Atmos® 150 lubricant, troughs TroKote™; TroKote™ Light lubricant, vegetables Mineral oil lubricant, vitamin oils Polysorbate 61 lubricant, vitamins AA USP; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder lubricant, vitamins: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate lubricant, whipped toppings Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate; Hodag® S-35 K; Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium lubricant, yogurt N-Lite® CL lubricating oil, food Phytol™ PNUT maceration aid Rapidase® magnesium source, beverages Gadomag+

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

magnesium source, diet beverages Mag-nificent magnesium source, food Gadomag+; Magnesium caseinate magnesium source, food supplements Magnesium caprylate magnesium source, fortifiers Marinco® H magnesium source, infant formulas Mag-nificent magnesium source, nutritional applics. Magnesium caseinate magnesium source, vitamins Marinco® H marker, fruits Piccolyte® S115 marker, vegetables Piccolyte® S115 masking agent Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) extract masking agent, baked goods Neotame masking agent, beverages Neotame masking agent, cereal Neotame masking agent, chewing gum Neotame masking agent, coloration Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin masking agent, colors: food Methyl-α-cyclodextrin; Methyl-βcyclodextrin; Methyl-γ-cyclodextrin masking agent, confectionery Neotame masking agent, flavors BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 60DE; Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin; Methyl-αcyclodextrin; Methyl-β-cyclodextrin; Methylγ-cyclodextrin masking agent, flavors: baking prods. BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 45DE High Maltose masking agent, flavors: beverages Talin® 2409

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference masking agent, flavors: citrus flavors Talin® masking agent, flavors: dairy prods. BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 45DE High Maltose masking agent, flavors: food Talin® masking agent, food Ammonium glycyrrhizinate; Inulin masking agent, frozen desserts Neotame masking agent, ice cream Neotame masking agent, odor Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin masking agent, odor: food Methyl-α-cyclodextrin; Methyl-βcyclodextrin; Methyl-γ-cyclodextrin masking agent, potassium aftertaste Salt Enhancer, Natural, Kosher masking agent, tabletop sweeteners Neotame masking agent, taste Ethocel™ Standard 4 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium masking agent, taste/odor: dry foods Descote® Niacinamide 331/3%; Descote® Pyridoxine Hydrochoride 331/3%; Descote® Riboflavin 331/3%; Descote® Thiamine Mononitrate 331/3% masking agent, taste/odor: food Descote® Ascorbic Acid 60% masking agent, taste/odor: health bars Descote® Ascorbic Acid 60% masking agent, taste/odor: nutritional powders Descote® Ascorbic Acid 60% masking agent, taste/odor: nutritional supplements Descote® Ascorbic Acid 60% masking agent, taste/odor: weight-loss supplements Descote® Ascorbic Acid 60% masking agent, yogurt Neotame Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

masticatory agent, chewing gum Ester Gum 8D; Gutta hang kang (Palaquium leiocarpum); Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer; Microcrystalline wax; Natural rubber Paraffin; Petroleum wax; Piccolyte® C115; Piccolyte® C125; Polydipentene Polyethylene; Polyisobutene; Polyvinyl acetate; Potassium stearate; Rice (Oryza sativa) wax Rosin; Sodium stearate; Styrene/butadiene polymer; Synthetic wax; Vicron® FG 15-15 Vicron® FG 25-11; Vicron® FG 41-8; Vicron® FG 45-3; Vicron® FG 75-17 masticating agent, chewing gum bases Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax; Ecco Wax M-85; Ecco Wax MM-5; Pionier® 17106 masticating agent, elastomers: chewing gum Terpene resin material handling agent, food Succinic anhydride maturing agent, breads Acetone peroxides; Calcium iodate; Potassium iodate maturing agent, flour Acetone peroxides; Azodicarbonamide; Calcium bromate; Celogen® AZ 120; Celogen® AZ 130 Celogen® AZ 150; Celogen® AZ 180; Celogen® AZ 199 maturing agent, food Potassium bromate; Potassium iodate maturing agent, rolls Acetone peroxides maturing agent, semi-dried sausage/salami Rocarna meat extract replacer Maxavor® meat extract replacer, food Gistex® meat protein supplement, meat prods. Spray Dried Hemoglobin meat substitute, beef patties Wheatex™ meat substitute, bologna Wheatex™ meat substitute, chicken nuggets Wheatex™ meat substitute, chicken patties Wheatex™

2410

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference meat substitute, chicken salad Wheatex™ meat substitute, fish patties Wheatex™ meat substitute, ground beef Wheatex™ meat substitute, jerky Wheatex™ meat substitute, meatballs Wheatex™ meat substitute, meat loaf Wheatex™ meat substitute, pizza toppings Wheatex™ meat substitute, sausages Wheatex™ meat substitute, surimi Wheatex™ meat substitute, vegetarian prods. Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein melanosis inhibitor, preventing blackspot on shrimp EverFresh® melt-down control agent, frozen desserts N-Surance™ melt-down inhibitor, ice cream Novation® 3600 melt regulator, pasteurized processed cheeses Emulsi-Phos 660™; Emulsi-Phos 990™ membrane, liquid separations: food processing Filmtec® membrane, RO liquid separations: food processing Filmtec® BW30-400; Filmtec® BW30-2540; Filmtec® BW30-4040; Filmtec® TW302026; Filmtec® TW30-2514 Filmtec® TW30-2521; Filmtec® TW30-2540; Filmtec® TW30-4014; Filmtec® TW30-4021; Filmtec® TW30-4040 Filmtec® TW30HP-2540; Filmtec® TW30HP4611; Filmtec® TW30HP-4641 membrane, sea water purification: drinking water Filmtec® SW30-2514; Filmtec® SW30-2540; Filmtec® SW30-4040; Filmtec® SW30HR2521 membrane, water purification: food processing Filmtec® SW30-2540; Filmtec® SW30-4040; Filmtec® SW30HR-2521 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

methyl donor, fermentation Betaine; Nutristim® methyl donor, food Betaine microbial growth control agent Corn syrup, high fructose microbial growth inhibitor, poultry skin Sunmalt microcapsule, flavors Arabinogalactan; Bareco® C-1035; Mekon® White; Peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil; Protectol® GDA Starwax® 100; Succinylated gelatin; Sylysia 256N; Sylysia 436; Sylysia 456 Ultraflex®; Victory® microcapsule, spice flavors Microcrystalline wax microencapsulation system Potassium metaphosphate milk enrichment additive Taurine milk protein substitute, meat Lupine protein milk protein substitute, sausages Lupine protein milk replacer Ardex F® milk replacer, bakery mixes Soylec® C-15 milk replacer, cakes Soylec® C-15 milk replacer, donuts Soylec® C-15 milk replacer, non-fat: batters Ardex® F; Ardex® F Dispersible milk replacer, non-fat: confectionery Ardex® F; Ardex® F Dispersible milk replacer, nonfat dry: baking goods Dairyland C 270 milk replacer, nonfat dry: cakes Dairyland C 270 milk replacer, nonfat dry: cream fillings Dairyland C 270 milk replacer, nonfat dry: sweets Dairyland C 270 milk replacer, non-fat: margarine Ardex® F; Ardex® F Dispersible milk replacer, pastries Soylec® C-15 milk replacer, sweet goods Soylec® C-15

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference mineral blend, specialty Export Mineral Blend with TCP mineral fortifier, animal food Instant Calcium mineral fortifier, beverage powders Instant Calcium; Instant Cal + Magnesium; Instant Cal + Vitamin D mineral fortifier, beverages Bioblend® mineral fortifier, cereal Bioblend® mineral fortifier, cocoa powders Instant Calcium; Instant Cal + Magnesium; Instant Cal + Vitamin D mineral fortifier, coffee whiteners Instant Calcium; Instant Cal + Magnesium; Instant Cal + Vitamin D mineral fortifier, dairy prods. Instant Calcium; Instant Cal + Magnesium; Instant Cal + Vitamin D mineral fortifier, dietetic prods. Bioblend® mineral fortifier, fermented dairy drinks Puramex® AL; Puramex® FE; Puramex® MG; Puramex® MN; Puramex® ZN mineral fortifier, food Bioblend®; Instant Calcium; Instant Cal + Magnesium; Instant Cal + Vitamin D mineral fortifier, health food Instant Cal + Magnesium; Instant Cal + Vitamin D mineral fortifier,health food Instant Calcium mineral fortifier, instant baby food powders Instant Calcium; Instant Cal + Magnesium; Instant Cal + Vitamin D mineral fortifier, instant puddings Instant Calcium; Instant Cal + Magnesium; Instant Cal + Vitamin D mineral fortifier, instant soup powders Instant Cal + Magnesium; Instant Cal + Vitamin D mineral fortifier, milk drinks Puramex® AL; Puramex® FE; Puramex® MG; Puramex® MN; Puramex® ZN mineral fortifier, milling prods. Bioblend® mineral fortifier, soup powders Instant Calcium mineral fortifier, sports powder drinks Instant Calcium; Instant Cal + Magnesium; Instant Cal + Vitamin D Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mineral fortifier, structured prods. Bioblend® mineral fortifier, surimi Bioblend® mineral fortifier, tabletop sweeteners Instant Calcium; Instant Cal + Magnesium; Instant Cal + Vitamin D mineral oil substitute Wundrol Super mineral source, baked goods Manganese gluconate; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ mineral source, bakery prods. Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets mineral source, beverages Calcium gluconate mineral source, breakfast cereals Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ mineral source, cake mixes Potassium D-gluconate mineral source, cakes Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets mineral source, confectionery Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets mineral source, cookies Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets mineral source, crackers Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets mineral source, dairy prods. Manganese gluconate; Sodium gluconate mineral source, dietary supplements Gluconal® CA M; Gluconal® CU-P; Gluconal® FE Food; Gluconal® FE Pharma; Gluconal® K-G Gluconal® MG-P; Gluconal® MN-P; Gluconal® ZN-G; Gluconal® ZN-P mineral source, dietetic foods Calcium gluconate; Potassium D-gluconate; Sodium gluconate; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ mineral source, dry mix beverages Potassium D-gluconate mineral source, dry mix desserts Potassium D-gluconate mineral source, essential Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Flour

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Granules; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R80R Flour mineral source, fish prods. Manganese gluconate mineral source, food Calcium borogluconate; Calcium gluconate; Cobalt gluconate; Copper gluconate (ic); Ferrous gluconate Ferrous gluconate dihydrate; Ferrous lactate; Magnesium gluconate; Manganese gluconate; Potassium D-gluconate Sodium gluconate; Zinc gluconate mineral source, food supplements Zinc carbonate mineral source, fortified foods Gluconal® CA M; Gluconal® CU-P; Gluconal® FE Food; Gluconal® K-G; Gluconal® MG-P Gluconal® MN-P; Gluconal® ZN-G; Gluconal® ZN-P mineral source, infant formulas Ferrous gluconate; Ferrous gluconate dihydrate; Ferrous lactate; Manganese gluconate mineral source, meat prods. Manganese gluconate; Sodium gluconate mineral source, milk prods. Manganese gluconate mineral source, nonalcoholic beverages Manganese gluconate mineral source, nutritional snack foods Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets mineral source, snack foods Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ mineral source, tripe Potassium D-gluconate mineral supplement Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; TRI-CAL WG; TRI-TAB mineral supplement, beverages Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate mineral supplement, cereals Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate mineral supplement, cookies Ferrous sulfate monohydrate mineral supplement, enriched flour Ferrous sulfate monohydrate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mineral supplement, evaporated milk Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate mineral supplement, food Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Choline chloride; Ferrous sulfate monohydrate Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate mineral supplement, meat Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate mineral supplement, noodles Ferrous sulfate monohydrate mineral supplement, processed cheeses Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate mixing aid Solec™ 68 SB; Solec™ 68-UB; Solec™ 70 SB; Solec™ 70 UB mixing aid, antistaling: confectionery Solec™ K mixing aid, breads Solec™ K mixing aid, buns Solec™ K mixing aid, dairy replacement systems Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F-SB; Centrol® 3F-UB mixing aid, food Centrocap® 162US; Centrocap® 162US; Centrocap® 273SS; Centrocap® 273SS; Centrocap® B Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F-SB; Centrol® 3F-UB; Centrol® 3F-UB Premium; Solec™ 162SS Solec™ 162SS; Solec™ WD; Solec™ WD mixing aid, infant formulas Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F-SB; Centrol® 3F-UB mixing aid, o/w emulsions Solec™ K mixing aid, rolls Solec™ K mixing/blending aid, chocolate Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB mixing/blending aid, food Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB mixing/blending aid, margarine Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB mixing/blending aid, shortening Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference modifier, dough Sodium sulfoacetate derivs. of mono- and diglycerides modifier, flavor: food L-Lysine hydrochloride; Sodium glycinate modifier, food starch Sodium hydroxide modifier, starch: cheese whey Hydrogen peroxide modifier, starch: corn syrup Hydrogen peroxide modifier, starch: dried eggs Hydrogen peroxide modifier, starch: food Hydrogen peroxide; Sodium persulfate; Succinic anhydride moisture barrier Acetylated hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride moisture barrier, ascorbic acid powders Terpene resin moisture barrier, candy Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N moisture barrier, cheeses Delvowax® moisture barrier, chocolate coatings Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N moisture barrier, clear coat batters PenBind® 120; PenBind® 123; PenBind® 150; PenBind® 190; PenBind® 196 moisture barrier, food Acetylated hydrogenated lard glyceride; Avagel™ 520; Avagel™ 525; Avagel™ 560; Britol® 6NF Britol® 7NF; Britol® 9NF; Britol® 20USP; Britol® 35USP; Britol® 50USP Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N; Rudol® moisture barrier, food processing Protopet® Alba; Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® White 2L; Protopet® White 3C; Protopet® Yellow 2A moisture barrier, French fry clear coat batters PenBind® 180 moisture barrier, fruits Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Lac-Glaze 32E-N moisture barrier, hard candies Clearsweet® 43% High Maltose; Clearsweet® 50% High Maltose moisture barrier, health foods Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N moisture barrier, meat packing Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® Yellow 2A moisture barrier, reduced fat emulsified meat prods. PenCling® 510 moisture barrier, soft gelatin capsules Terpene resin moisture-binder, bakery prods. TIC Pretested® Action Gum 8200 Powder moisture-binder, dry mixes TIC Pretested® Action Gum 8200 Powder moisture control agent Midsol™ 4 moisture control agent, baked goods BakeSmart® moisture control agent, bakery emulsions Ticaxan® Regular moisture control agent, bakery prods. Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617; Merigel 100; Merigel 340; Merigel 341 Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritena 300 Mira-Sperse® 606; Mira-Sperse® 622; MiraThik® 609; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV Resistamyl 330 moisture control agent, baking powder DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 moisture control agent, batter mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 moisture control agent, batters Pure Food Powder moisture control agent, breading Pure Food Powder moisture control agent, breading mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 moisture control agent, breads Citri-Fi® 100 moisture control agent, buns Citri-Fi® 100 moisture control agent, burrito fillings Citri-Fi® 200 moisture control agent, cake mixes Ticaxan® Regular

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference moisture control agent, cakes Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200 moisture control agent, cheese derivs. Struct-Sure® 20 moisture control agent, chips Citri-Fi® 100 moisture control agent, cold cuts MoisturLok® Liquid; MoisturLok® Powder moisture control agent, confectioners' sugar DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 moisture control agent, controlled-moisture foods Glycon® G-100; Glycon® G-300; Hystar® 3375; Hystar® 4075; Hystar® 5875 Hystar® 6075; Hystar® HM-75 moisture control agent, cookies Citri-Fi® 100 moisture control agent, corn dogs Citri-Fi® 200 moisture control agent, crackers PenCling® 580 moisture control agent, cultured dairy prods. Struct-Sure® 20 moisture control agent, donut fillings BakeSmart® moisture control agent, dough BakeSmart®; DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 moisture control agent, dry food mixes Hoosier 5; Purity® 5; Purity® 825 moisture control agent, dry mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418; Ticaxan® Regular moisture control agent, dumplings Coyote Brand Konjac A moisture control agent, food Acetylated distarch glycerol; Acetylated distarch phosphate; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar 8/22 NF/FCC Powder; Xanthan gum moisture control agent, fried chicken dogs Citri-Fi® 200 moisture control agent, frozen storage conditions Midsol™ 46 moisture control agent, fruit beverages Ticaxan® Regular moisture control agent, gelatin-free yogurts Struct-Sure® 20 moisture control agent, hamburgers MoisturLok® Liquid; MoisturLok® Powder

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

moisture control agent, hard candy C*IsoMaltidex; Maltrin® M100 moisture control agent, hot dogs MoisturLok® Liquid; MoisturLok® Powder moisture control agent, icing mixes DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 moisture control agent, Italian meatballs Citri-Fi® 200 moisture control agent, Italian sausages Citri-Fi® 100 moisture control agent, meat Nu-Star® 120; Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347 moisture control agent, meat prods. Stamere® CKM FCC moisture control agent, noodle prods. DryGel™ 03417; DryGel™ 03418 moisture control agent, noodles Coyote Brand Konjac A moisture control agent, nutritional bars Citri-Fi® 100 moisture control agent, pastries Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200 moisture control agent, pastry fillings BakeSmart® moisture control agent, pie fillings BakeSmart®; Ticaxan® Regular moisture control agent, pies Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200 moisture control agent, pizza crust Citri-Fi® 100 moisture control agent, prepared foods Mira-Sperse® 2000 moisture control agent, pretzels BakeSmart® moisture control agent, processed beef MoisturLok® Liquid; MoisturLok® Powder moisture control agent, processed meat prods. MoisturLok® Liquid; MoisturLok® Powder moisture control agent, puddings Struct-Sure® 20 moisture control agent, reduced-fat emulsified meats PenCling® 530; PenCling® 580 moisture control agent, refrigerated doughs Ticaxan® Regular moisture control agent, refrigerated storage conditions Midsol™ 46 moisture control agent, relishes Ticaxan® Regular 2415

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference moisture control agent, rolls Citri-Fi® 100 moisture control agent, salad dressings Ticaxan® Regular moisture control agent, sauces Hoosier 5; Ticaxan® Regular moisture control agent, sauce/salad fillings Citri-Fi® 200 moisture control agent, sausages Citri-Fi® 200; MoisturLok® Liquid; MoisturLok® Powder moisture control agent, snack foods Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617 Merigel 100; Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 347; Meritena 100 Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritena 300; Mira-Sperse® 606; Mira-Sperse® 622 Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 330 moisture control agent, soups Hoosier 5 moisture control agent, sour cream Struct-Sure® 20 moisture control agent, sugarless confectionery Glycon® G-100; Glycon® G-300; Hystar® 3375; Hystar® 4075; Hystar® 5875 Hystar® 6075; Hystar® HM-75 moisture control agent, tortillas BakeSmart®; Citri-Fi® 100 moisture control agent, wafers PenCling® 580 moisture loss regulator, thawing/cooking Nutrifos® 088; Nutrifos® B-75; Nutrifos® B90; Nutrifos® BC; Nutrifos® L-50 Nutrifos® Powder moisture migration inhibitor, cheese block CrystalBan™ moisture regulator, thawing/cooking Katch® Fish Phosphate moisture rentention aid, thawing/cooking Nutrifos® 100 moisture resistance aid, food AP™ 25; AP™ 35; AP™ 45; AP™ 125; AP™ 135 AP™ 145; AP™ 150; Pinnacle™ 170 USP White Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 170A USP Amber Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 190 USP White Petrolatum Pinnacle™ 190A USP Amber Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 225 USP White Petrolatum; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Pinnacle™ 225A USP Amber Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ LC 170 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ LC 190 Petrolatum, USP Pinnacle™ LC 225 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ WF 170 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ WF 190 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ WF 225 Petrolatum, USP moisture retention agent Rice*Complete® 3 moisture retention agent, chewing gum Emulgum™ moisture retention aid, aerated cream fillings Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030 moisture retention aid, bagels TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Lite Powder moisture retention aid, baked goods Aldosperse® MS-20 KFG; Benecel® MP 643; Goldex® II; Grindsted™ FSB; Grindsted™ PRO 45 N-Flate™; Pregel 40; Pregel 46; StabiTexInstant™ 12620; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624 StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 moisture retention aid, bakery mixes Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 moisture retention aid, bakery prods. Akucell® AF 3295; TIC Pretested® CMC 2500 S; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC PH-2500 Powd. moisture retention aid, barbecued chicken Kena® FP-28 moisture retention aid, batter mixes Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 moisture retention aid, breads Fibrex® moisture retention aid, cake mixes Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; National® 1215; N-Flate™ moisture retention aid, cakes Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; EC-25®; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Lite Powder moisture retention aid, cakes/cake mixes Aldo® PGHMS KFG moisture retention aid, candy 42/43 Corn Syrup moisture retention aid, carbonated beverages TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder moisture retention aid, cassler Oxipur moisture retention aid, chewy cakes Raisin juice concentrate 2416

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference moisture retention aid, chewy cookies Raisin juice concentrate moisture retention aid, chicken rolls Kena® FP-28 moisture retention aid, convenience foods Kena® FP-28 moisture retention aid, cooked boned chicken meat Kena® FP-28 moisture retention aid, cooked hams Oxipur-Mix moisture retention aid, cooked meats Oxipur moisture retention aid, cooked shoulders Oxipur-Mix moisture retention aid, corn flour tortillas PenPlus® MG moisture retention aid, cured beef prods. Curafos® 22-4 moisture retention aid, cured pork prods. Curafos® 22-4 moisture retention aid, dips Binasol™ 15 moisture retention aid, donuts Aqualon® 7M8SF; Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Lite Powder moisture retention aid, dough PenPlus® MG moisture retention aid, dry mixes Binasol™ 15; National® 1215 moisture retention aid, east-raised baked goods Aldosperse® MS-20 FG moisture retention aid, fondants Binasol™ 15 moisture retention aid, food AP™ 25; AP™ 35; AP™ 45; Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG AP™ 125; AP™ 135; AP™ 145; AP™ 150; 42/43 Corn Syrup Emulgum™; Methocel® 310 Series; Methocel® E15LV; Methocel® J5MS; National® 1215 Oxipur; Pinnacle™ 170 USP White Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 170A USP Amber Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 190 USP White Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 190A USP Amber Petrolatum Pinnacle™ 225 USP White Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ 225A USP Amber Petrolatum; Pinnacle™ LC 170 Petrolatum, USP; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Pinnacle™ LC 190 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ LC 225 Petrolatum, USP Pinnacle™ WF 170 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ WF 190 Petrolatum, USP; Pinnacle™ WF 225 Petrolatum, USP; Potassium metaphosphate; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder Whey protein moisture retention aid, fountain syrups 42/43 Corn Syrup moisture retention aid, fresh fruit fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 moisture retention aid, frozen foods Bindtex moisture retention aid, frozen fruit fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 moisture retention aid, fruit drinks TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder moisture retention aid, fruit fillings Binasol™ 15; Citri-Fi® 100 FG moisture retention aid, gravy mixes Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Cargill TexInstant™ 12604 moisture retention aid, ham Oxipur moisture retention aid, high-fiber breads TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Lite Powder moisture retention aid, icings Aqualon® 7LF; Aqualon® 7MF moisture retention aid, injected meat Bindtex moisture retention aid, injected poultry Bindtex moisture retention aid, instant desserts Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030 moisture retention aid, instant gravies National® 1215 moisture retention aid, instant pie fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 moisture retention aid, instant puddings Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Cargill TexInstant™ 12604; National® 1215 moisture retention aid, instant sauces National® 1215 moisture retention aid, instant soups National® 1215 moisture retention aid, jams Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; 42/43 Corn Syrup moisture retention aid, jellies Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; 42/43 Corn Syrup

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference moisture retention aid, low-fat muffins TIC Pretested® Colloid 451T Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-B No Fat Powder moisture retention aid, meat patties Benecel® M 042; Benecel® M 043; Binasol™ 81 moisture retention aid, microwave cakes N-Flate™ moisture retention aid, neutral/highly acidic food Binasol™ 15 moisture retention aid, pet foods Aldo® MS LG KFG moisture retention aid, pizza crusts PenPlus® MG moisture retention aid, pork loins Oxipur-Mix moisture retention aid, poultry Kena® FP-28 moisture retention aid, poultry prods. Oxipur moisture retention aid, precooked breaded parts Kena® FP-28 moisture retention aid, preserves Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 moisture retention aid, pulpy textures Binasol™ 15; Binasol™ 81 moisture retention aid, raw frozen foods Kena® FP-28 moisture retention aid, reduced-calorie baked goods N-Flate™ moisture retention aid, refrigerated food Bindtex moisture retention aid, relishes Binasol™ 15; Binasol™ 81 moisture retention aid, restructured food Binasol™ 15 moisture retention aid, ricotta cheese Merecol® RB; Merecol® RCS moisture retention aid, sauce mixes Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Cargill TexInstant™ 12604 moisture retention aid, sauces Binasol™ 81 moisture retention aid, semimoist pet foods Aqualon® 9H4XF moisture retention aid, shortening Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

moisture retention aid, soup mixes Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030 moisture retention aid, soups Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 moisture retention aid, structured potato prods. Benecel® M 042 moisture retention aid, sweet goods icings Aqualon® 7M8SF moisture retention aid, syrups Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 moisture retention aid, table syrups 42/43 Corn Syrup moisture retention aid, tomato sauces Binasol™ 81 moisture retention aid, tongues Oxipur moisture retention aid, toppings Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 moisture retention aid, tumbled meat Bindtex moisture retention aid, tumbled poultry Bindtex moisture retention aid, turkey rolls Kena® FP-28 moisture retention aid, vacuum-packaged meats Firm-Tex®; Novation® 1900 moisture retention aid, wheat flour tortillas PenPlus® MG moisture retention aid, whipped prods. N-Flate™ moisture retention aid, whipped toppings Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG moisturizer, aloe juice blends Aloe Gold Seal-Natural moisturizer, bagels Citri-Fi® 100 FG moisturizer, beverages Corn syrup, high fructose moisturizer, biscuits Citri-Fi® 300 FG moisturizer, cake donuts C-D Stabilizer; Citri-Fi® 300 FG moisturizer, cakes Methocel® K100LV Premium moisturizer, candy Koster Keunen Synthetic Spermaceti moisturizer, cinnamon rolls Citri-Fi® 100 FG moisturizer, clinical nutrition Captex® 300; Captex® 350; Captex® 355 EP/NF; Captex® 355; Captex® 1000 2418

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Clarity; Dritex S; Hydrokote® 112 moisturizer, colors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate moisturizer, confectionery Koster Keunen Synthetic Spermaceti moisturizer, Danish pastries Citri-Fi® 100 FG moisturizer, desserts Hydrolyzed gelatin moisturizer, dietary supplements Aloe Gold Seal-Natural moisturizer, edible prods. Terra-Pure™ Certified Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 200X moisturizer, flavors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate moisturizer, food Avagel™ 520; Avagel™ 525; Avagel™ 560; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Corn syrup, high fructose moisturizer, health drinks Aloe Gold Seal-Natural; Terra-Pure™ Certified Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 200X moisturizer, ice cream Corn syrup, high fructose; Hydrolyzed gelatin moisturizer, infant formulas Captex® 300; Captex® 350; Captex® 355; Captex® 1000; Tricaprin moisturizer, jellies Hydrolyzed gelatin moisturizer, meal supplements Hydrolyzed gelatin moisturizer, microwave cakes Methocel® A15LV Premium moisturizer, muffins Methocel® K100LV Premium moisturizer, nutritional applics. Captex® 810D; Captex® 8227; Pureco® Soybean moisturizer, nutritional/sports supplements Captex® 350; Captex® 1000; Clarity; Dritex S; Hydrokote® 112 moisturizer, nutritional supplements Tricaprin moisturizer, sports/fitness drinks Aloe Gold Seal-Natural; Terra-Pure™ Certified Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 200X moisturizer, sports supplements Captex® 355; Tricaprin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

moisturizer, sweetmeats Koster Keunen Synthetic Spermaceti moisturizer, vitamins: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate mold control agent, food Propylparaben mold control agent, sausage casings Propylparaben molding medium, caramels Nu Mould™ molding medium, confectionery Nu Mould™ molding medium, cream centers Nu Mould™ molding medium, jelly gums Nu Mould™ molding medium, marshmallows Nu Mould™ mold inhibitor, apples Sodium o-phenylphenate mold inhibitor, baked goods 2X White Sour; Brown 'N Serve™; MoldOut®; Potassium sorbate; Sodium diacetate Sodium propionate; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour; White Sour mold inhibitor, beverages Potassium sorbate mold inhibitor, breads Calcium propionate; C.P. 30; Mold-Out® mold inhibitor, cakes Mold-Out®; Potassium sorbate; Sorbex mold inhibitor, cheeses Calcium propionate; Calcium sorbate; Natamycin; Potassium sorbate; Sodium propionate mold inhibitor, confectionery Calcium propionate; Sodium propionate mold inhibitor, doughnuts Mold-Out® mold inhibitor, dry fish Sorbic acid mold inhibitor, fillings Calcium propionate mold inhibitor, fish Potassium sorbate mold inhibitor, food Calcium propionate; Calcium sorbate; Eastman® Propionic Acid, Food Grade, Kosher; Potassium sorbate; Propionic acid

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Sodium diacetate; Sodium ophenylphenate; Sodium propionate; Sorbic acid; Sporban Regular mold inhibitor, fresh salads Potassium sorbate mold inhibitor, frostings Calcium propionate; Sodium propionate; Sodium propionate mold inhibitor, fruit juices Potassium sorbate mold inhibitor, gelatin Calcium propionate; Sodium propionate mold inhibitor, jams Calcium propionate; Sodium propionate mold inhibitor, jellies Calcium propionate; Sodium propionate mold inhibitor, margarine Calcium sorbate; Potassium sorbate mold inhibitor, meat Sorbic acid mold inhibitor, meat prods. Sodium diacetate; Sodium propionate mold inhibitor, nonalcoholic beverages Sodium propionate mold inhibitor, pickled goods Potassium sorbate mold inhibitor, pita bread Mold-Out® mold inhibitor, pizza crusts Mold-Out® mold inhibitor, puddings Calcium propionate; Sodium propionate mold inhibitor, rolls C.P. 30; Mold-Out® mold inhibitor, salad dressings Potassium sorbate mold inhibitor, soft candy Sodium propionate mold inhibitor, spice preps. Sodium diacetate mold inhibitor, strawberries Sodium dehydroacetate mold inhibitor, tobacco Calcium propionate; Sodium benzoate; Sorbic acid mold inhibitor, tortillas Mold-Out® mold inhibitor, wine Natamycin; Potassium sorbate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mold release agent Bake-Well All Vegetable High Stability Pan Oil; Beakin LV2; Beakin LV30; Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate mold release agent, egg coatings Drakeol® 5 mold release agent, food AP™ 25; AP™ 35; AP™ 45; Beakin LV4; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575 Estasan™ GT 8-60 3580 MCT Oil; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577; Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579; SF18-350 mold release agent, fruit/vegetable coatings Drakeol® 5 mold release agent, tablet: food Synpro® Calcium Stearate Kosher Food Grade (LD); Synpro® Magnesium Stearate Food Grade (Kosher); Synpro® Zinc Stearate (Kosher) mouthfeel enhancer BFP 65K; Lactarin® MV-308; Merecol® GL; Merecol® GX; Merecol® LK Nutriose® FB06 mouthfeel enhancer, acid-contg. foods National® 465 mouthfeel enhancer, acidified beverages TIC Pretested® Pectin 1300; TIC Pretested® Pectin AM 800 mouthfeel enhancer, artificially sweetened beverages Viscosomimetic - 2, Natural mouthfeel enhancer, aseptically processed foods National® 465 mouthfeel enhancer, Asian foods Purity® 90 mouthfeel enhancer, Asian marinades/sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder mouthfeel enhancer, baby foods Textaid®-A mouthfeel enhancer, baked goods Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; DP 644; Litesse®; Rice*Complete® 3; Rice*Complete® 35 Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Rice*Trin® 35; Sorbogem™; Sta-Slim™ 142; Sta-Slim™ 143 Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151; Ultra-Tex® 3 mouthfeel enhancer, bakery cream fillings Ultra-Tex® 1 2420

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference mouthfeel enhancer, bakery fillings Crystal Tex™ 648; GD 2910; Mira-Cleer® 187; Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 mouthfeel enhancer, bakery icings Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 mouthfeel enhancer, bakery mixes Star-Dri® 1 mouthfeel enhancer, bakery prods. Ultra-Sperse® 5 mouthfeel enhancer, bakery/snack glazes Crystal Tex™ 648 mouthfeel enhancer, bar mixes Aqualon® 7HXF; Aqualon® 7LF; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder mouthfeel enhancer, batters Star-Dri® 10 mouthfeel enhancer, Bavarian creams Ultra-Tex® 3 mouthfeel enhancer, bavarois Paselli™ Easy-Gel mouthfeel enhancer, beef Gb Select® mouthfeel enhancer, beverage mixes Star-Dri® 15 mouthfeel enhancer, beverages Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Coyote Brand Konjac A; Instant Textra; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Maltrin® M050; Maltrin® M250; MD 1210; MD 1225 N-Lite® CL; Supercol® GF; Supercol® U; Textra® mouthfeel enhancer, biscuits Expresa® 2200; GD 2910; GD 3910 mouthfeel enhancer, bologna Curavis® 250 mouthfeel enhancer, breakfast drinks Aqualon® 7HXF; Aqualon® 7LXF; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder mouthfeel enhancer, broths Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 mouthfeel enhancer, cake mixes Maltrin® M200; Sorbogem™; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder mouthfeel enhancer, cakes Benecel® MP 843; GD 2910 mouthfeel enhancer, canned foods National® 465; Purity® 4

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mouthfeel enhancer, canned soups N-Lite® L mouthfeel enhancer, cappuccino DP 374 mouthfeel enhancer, carbonated soft drinks Grindsted™ Guar; Grindsted™ JU; Grindsted™ Pectin mouthfeel enhancer, cereal bars GD 2910 mouthfeel enhancer, cereals Textaid®-A mouthfeel enhancer, cheesecake Paselli™ Easy-Gel mouthfeel enhancer, cheese sauces Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10; UltraSperse® 2000; Ultra-Tex® 3; Viscarin® GP209NF mouthfeel enhancer, chewable candies GD 2910 mouthfeel enhancer, chewing gum C*Eridex; Litesse® mouthfeel enhancer, chewy TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 3540 mouthfeel enhancer, chicken Gb Select® mouthfeel enhancer, chip dips Redisol® 88 mouthfeel enhancer, chocolate Textra® Plus mouthfeel enhancer, chocolate milk systems Lactarin® CM 2254 mouthfeel enhancer, citrus powders Maltrin® M250 mouthfeel enhancer, clear salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S1 No Fat Powder mouthfeel enhancer, cocoa mixes Malta*Gran® 10 mouthfeel enhancer, coffee Textra® Plus mouthfeel enhancer, coffee creamers Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; GD 2910; MD 1210; MD 1225; MD 1710 MD 1910 mouthfeel enhancer, coffee whiteners Maltrin® M200; Maltrin® M250; Maltrin® M250; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic mouthfeel enhancer, cold-prepared desserts Paselli™ Easy-Gel mouthfeel enhancer, cold-process liquid food systems National® 320; N-Lite® LP 2421

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference mouthfeel enhancer, condiments Akucell® AF 3295 mouthfeel enhancer, confectionery Aldo® MS#2 Special KFG; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Crystal Tex™ 648; GD 3910; Litesse® Litesse® II; MD 1210; MD 1225; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Rice*Trin® 35 Sorbogem™; Star-Dri® 15; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 210 Powder; Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 mouthfeel enhancer, confectionery fillings DP 644 mouthfeel enhancer, cooked meats Ceamgel 3383 mouthfeel enhancer, cooked sausages Curavis® 250 mouthfeel enhancer, cookie fillings Maltrin® M520 mouthfeel enhancer, cookie mixes Maltrin® M200 mouth-feel enhancer, cream Cream Enhancer - 1, Natural mouthfeel enhancer, cream-based puddings National® 465 mouthfeel enhancer, cream-based sauces National® 465 mouthfeel enhancer, cream canned food Purity® 660 mouthfeel enhancer, cream fillings Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Starco™ 447; Thermshear mouthfeel enhancer, cream pie fillings National® Frigex HV mouthfeel enhancer, creamy fat-free salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S2 No Fat Powd. mouthfeel enhancer, dairy-based sauces Mira-Cleer® 187 mouthfeel enhancer, dairy desserts Crystal Tex™ 648; Star-Dri® 5; Star-Dri® 10; Star-Dri® 15; Star-Dri® 18 mouthfeel enhancer, dairy drinks Coyote Stabilizer APG-200 mouthfeel enhancer, dairy: heat-processed National® Frigex HV mouthfeel enhancer, dairy prods. Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; Cleardex® 25/42 IX; Cleardex® 28/42; Clearsweet® 25/42; Clearsweet® 25/42 IX

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Clearsweet® 28/42; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Mira-Thik® 469 Novation® 3300; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9330; Novation® 9360; Thermshear Ultra-Tex® 3 mouthfeel enhancer, dairy spreads MD 1710; MD 1910 mouthfeel enhancer, dark meaty flavors Expresa® 2200 mouthfeel enhancer, dessert powders DP 644 mouthfeel enhancer, desserts Akucell® AF 3295; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648 National® Frigex HV; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360 mouthfeel enhancer, diet jelly Benecel® MP 843 mouthfeel enhancer, diet soft drinks Genu® VIS mouthfeel enhancer, dips Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Rice*Complete® 3; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Starco™ 447 mouthfeel enhancer, donuts Benecel® MP 843 mouthfeel enhancer, donut fillings Textaid®-A mouthfeel enhancer, dressings Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Crystal Tex™ 648 Delta™ 7393; Kol Guard® 7467; Protanal Ester SD-H; Resistamyl 310; Rice*Complete® 3 Sta-Slim™ 142; Sta-Slim™ 143; Sta-Slim™ 150; Thermshear mouthfeel enhancer, dried eggs Maltrin® M250 mouthfeel enhancer, drinks Textaid®-A; TIC Pretested® Pectin 1694 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Pectin 1694 Powder mouthfeel enhancer, dry blends Maltrin® M520 mouthfeel enhancer, dry instant foods Mira-Thik® 469

2422

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference mouthfeel enhancer, dry mixes Maltrin® M250; Purity® 4; Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447; Star-Dri® 1005A Star-Dri® 1015A; Textra® Plus; TIC Pretested® Guarcel 201 Powd.; UltraSperse® A; Ultra-Sperse® HV Ultra-Tex® 1 mouthfeel enhancer, dry mixes: dairy prods. Ultra-Tex® 2000 mouthfeel enhancer, dry mixes: gravies Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Tex® 2000 mouthfeel enhancer, dry mixes: sauces Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Tex® 2000 mouthfeel enhancer, dry mix foods Ultra-Sperse® M mouthfeel enhancer, dry mix sauces Novation® 1900 mouthfeel enhancer, dry mix soups N-Lite® LP; Novation® 1900 mouthfeel enhancer, dry pudding mixes Mira-Cleer® 187 mouthfeel enhancer, dry roasted nuts Sorbogem™ mouthfeel enhancer, emulsion meats Purity® 90 mouthfeel enhancer, emulsions Vis*Quick® 11 mouthfeel enhancer, enteral nutrition MD 1710 mouthfeel enhancer, extruded snacks MD 1910 mouthfeel enhancer, fat-free salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S1 No Fat Powder mouthfeel enhancer, fillings Purity® 4; Sorbogem™ mouthfeel enhancer, flan Genulacta® CP-100 mouthfeel enhancer, flavors Rice*Trin® 16 mouthfeel enhancer, flavor-sensitive dairy systems N-Lite® CL; N-Lite® D mouthfeel enhancer, fondants C*Eridex; Maltrin® M200 mouthfeel enhancer, food Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581; Benecel® MP 843; Beneo™ ST; CC-902I Corn maltodextrin; Genugel® X-902-02; Genuvisco®; Heptadienal; Litesse® Litesse® II; Maltrin® M050; Maltrin® M200; Maltrin® M250; Maltrin® M250 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Maxarome® Premium; Maxavor®; Purity® 4; Sorbogem™; Tapioca dextrin Textaid®-A; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder mouthfeel enhancer, franks Curavis® 250 mouthfeel enhancer, fried foods Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder mouthfeel enhancer, frostings Benecel® MP 843; Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10; Maltrin® M520; Rice*Complete® 3 Rice*Complete® 35; Star-Dri® 5 mouthfeel enhancer, frozen breakfast drinks Aqualon® 7H0F; Aqualon® 7H3SF; Aqualon® 7MF mouthfeel enhancer, frozen dairy desserts Vis*Quick® 21 mouthfeel enhancer, frozen dairy prods. Sta-Lite® 318 mouthfeel enhancer, frozen dessert prods. Sta-Lite® 318 mouthfeel enhancer, frozen desserts Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; Instant Purity® SMR; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) Litesse®; Litesse® II; Maltrin® M200; Maltrin® M250; National® DSR N-Lite® D; N-Oil®; Sorbogem™; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-DY No Fat Powder mouthfeel enhancer, frozen egg prods. Maltrin® M200 mouthfeel enhancer, frozen foods Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; GD 2910; GD 3910; MD 1210 MD 1225; National® 465; Purity® 4; UltraTex® 1; Ultra-Tex® 3 mouthfeel enhancer, frozen pops TIC Pretested® Guarcel 201 Powd. mouthfeel enhancer, fruit drink mixes Aqualon® 7HXF; Aqualon® 9M31XF mouthfeel enhancer, fruit drinks Genu® VIS mouthfeel enhancer, fruit fillings Kol Guard® 7467 mouthfeel enhancer, fruit juices TIC Pretested® Pectin 1694 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Pectin 1694 Powder

2423

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference mouthfeel enhancer, fruit pie fillings Ultra-Sperse® 5 mouthfeel enhancer, fruit preps. Kol Guard® 7467; Novation® 9360; Textaid®-A mouthfeel enhancer, functional foods TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Arabic Spray Dry Powder; TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® PreHydrated Arabic; TIC Pretested® Pectin 1694 Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Pectin 1694 Powder mouthfeel enhancer, glaze mixes Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10 mouthfeel enhancer, glazes GD 2910; GD 3910; Maltrin® M200; MiraThik® 469; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 210 Powder Ultra-Sperse® 5 mouthfeel enhancer, gravies Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Delta™ 7393; Gelcarin® GP379NF; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Kol Guard® 7467; Mira-Cleer® 187; Mira-Thik® 469; National® 465 Resistamyl 310; Rice*Complete® 3; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Star-Dri® 1005A; TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Arabic Spray Dry Powder TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Pre-Hydrated Arabic; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd.; Ultra-Sperse® 2000; Ultra-Tex® 2000 Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 mouthfeel enhancer, gravy mixes Maltrin® M050 mouthfeel enhancer, heavy-bodied salad dressing Ultra-Sperse® SR mouthfeel enhancer, high-fiber soups TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Arabic Spray Dry Powder; TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® PreHydrated Arabic mouthfeel enhancer, high-pH foods National® 465 mouthfeel enhancer, hot beverages DP 374 mouthfeel enhancer, hot chocolate drinks DP 374 mouthfeel enhancer, hot chocolate mixes Aqualon® 7LF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mouthfeel enhancer, hot dogs Purity® 90 mouthfeel enhancer, hot sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder mouthfeel enhancer, HTST Lactarin® CM 2254 mouthfeel enhancer, ice cream Aqualon® 7H4F; Aqualon® 7HC4F; Aqualon® 7HCF; Aqualon® 7HF; Aqualon® 7HXF Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; Cleardex® 25/42 IX; Cleardex® 28/42; Clearsweet® 25/42; Clearsweet® 25/42 IX Clearsweet® 28/42; Instant Purity® SMR; National® DSR; Novation® 9360; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-DY No Fat Powder TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder mouthfeel enhancer, ice cream toppings Mira-Cleer® 187 mouthfeel enhancer, ice milk Aqualon® 7HC4F; Aqualon® 7HCF mouthfeel enhancer, icing powders Maltrin® M200 mouthfeel enhancer, icings GD 2910; GD 3910; Maltrin® M520; Redisol® 88; Sorbogem™ Starco™ 447; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 210 Powder mouthfeel enhancer, imitation cheeses N-Lite® D mouthfeel enhancer, imitation cream cheese Sta-Slim™ 143 mouthfeel enhancer, imitation dairy prods. Maltrin® M250; Maltrin® M250 mouthfeel enhancer, imitation sour cream Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil® mouthfeel enhancer, infant foods GD 3910 mouthfeel enhancer, infant milk substitutes MD 1710 mouthfeel enhancer, instant aerated desserts Genulacta® CSM-2 mouthfeel enhancer, instant beverages TIC Pretested® Guarcel 201 Powd. mouthfeel enhancer, instant cold-water viscous nondairy prods. Genuvisco® CSW-2

2424

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference mouthfeel enhancer, instant cream-style soups Ultra-Sperse® 2000; Ultra-Tex® 2000 mouthfeel enhancer, instant foods Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447; Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Sperse® 2000; Ultra-Tex® 1 Ultra-Tex® 3; Ultra-Tex® 4; Ultra-Tex® 2000 mouthfeel enhancer, instant gravies TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; Ultra-Sperse® A; Ultra-Sperse® M mouthfeel enhancer, instant gravy dry mixes Ultra-Sperse® HV mouthfeel enhancer, instant low-calorie foods Ultra-Sperse® 5 mouthfeel enhancer, instant mixes: beverages MD 1910 mouthfeel enhancer, instant mixes: sauces/soups MD 1910 mouthfeel enhancer, instant mixes: slimming prods. MD 1910 mouthfeel enhancer, instant mixes: sports drinks MD 1910 mouthfeel enhancer, instant puddings Genulacta® CP-100 mouthfeel enhancer, instant salad dressings National® 320; N-Lite® LP; Ultra-Sperse® M mouthfeel enhancer, instant sauce dry mixes Ultra-Sperse® HV mouthfeel enhancer, instant sauces TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; Ultra-Sperse® A; Ultra-Sperse® M mouthfeel enhancer, instant soup dry mixes Ultra-Sperse® HV mouthfeel enhancer, instant soups Ultra-Sperse® A; Ultra-Sperse® M mouthfeel enhancer, jams Kol Guard® 7467 mouthfeel enhancer, knockwurst Curavis® 250 mouthfeel enhancer, lactobacillus drinks Protanal Ester CF mouthfeel enhancer, liquid food systems N-Lite® L; Textra® mouthfeel enhancer, lite prods. Litesse®; Litesse® II mouthfeel enhancer, low-acid foods Mira-Cleer® 187

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mouthfeel enhancer, low-calorie beverages C*Eridex mouthfeel enhancer, low-calorie syrups Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) mouthfeel enhancer, low-fat dairy yogurt TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-DY No Fat Powder mouthfeel enhancer, low-fat foods Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil®; Sta-Slim™ 142; Sta-Slim™ 143 Sta-Slim™ 150; Sta-Slim™ 151 mouthfeel enhancer, low-fat meats Purity® 90 mouthfeel enhancer, low-fat/nonfat prods. N-Lite® LP mouthfeel enhancer, low-fat prods. N-Lite® D; N-Lite® L; Novation® 1900 mouthfeel enhancer, low-fat puddings N-Lite® CL mouthfeel enhancer, low-moisture food systems Maltrin® M520 mouthfeel enhancer, low-oil foods Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil® mouthfeel enhancer, low-oil mayonnaise TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 243 M Powder mouthfeel enhancer, low-salt formulations Maxarome® Plus; Maxarome® Standard mouthfeel enhancer, margarine spreads Instant N-Oil®; N-Oil® mouthfeel enhancer, marinades TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. mouthfeel enhancer, mayonnaise Protanal Ester SD-H mouthfeel enhancer, meat Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; Cleardex® 25/42 IX; Cleardex® 28/42; Clearsweet® 25/42; Clearsweet® 25/42 IX Clearsweet® 28/42; Gb Select® mouthfeel enhancer, meat analogs Coyote Brand Xanthan ID mouthfeel enhancer, meat prods. Maltrin® M200; Purity® 90; Sta-Slim™ 143 mouthfeel enhancer, meringue powders Maltrin® M200 mouthfeel enhancer, meringues TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder

2425

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference mouthfeel enhancer, microwavable cheese sauces Instant N-Oil® II; N-Lite® L; N-Lite® LP; Ultra-Tex® 2000 mouthfeel enhancer, microwavable prods. National® 465 mouthfeel enhancer, microwavable sauces Ultra-Sperse® SR; Ultra-Tex® 4 mouthfeel enhancer, microwave prods. Mira-Thik® 469 mouthfeel enhancer, microwave reconstituted foods Ultra-Tex® 1 mouthfeel enhancer, mildly acidic foods Mira-Thik® 469 mouthfeel enhancer, milk-based beverages CC-902I; TIC Pretested® Colloid 720 Powder mouthfeel enhancer, milk-containing canned food Purity® 660 mouthfeel enhancer, milk-like beverages TIC Pretested® Colloid 720 Powder mouthfeel enhancer, mousses Benecel® MP 843; Paselli™ Easy-Gel mouthfeel enhancer, neutral foods Mira-Cleer® 187; Mira-Thik® 469 mouthfeel enhancer, noncarbonated beverages TIC Pretested® Pectin 1694 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Pectin 1694 Powder mouthfeel enhancer, nonfat pasteurized processed cheeses Gelcarin® GP-911NF mouthfeel enhancer, nonfat prods. N-Lite® D; N-Lite® L; N-Lite® L mouthfeel enhancer, nonfat puddings N-Lite® CL mouthfeel enhancer, noodles Purity® 90 mouthfeel enhancer, nut coatings Maltrin® M200 mouthfeel enhancer, nutritional beverages Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10; Rice*Complete® 35; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Rice*Trin® 35 Star-Dri® 1005A; Star-Dri® 1015A; Textureze™ NB 100 mouthfeel enhancer, pan coatings Maltrin® M050

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mouthfeel enhancer, pasta Coyote Brand Xanthan ID mouthfeel enhancer, pasteurized puddings Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360 mouthfeel enhancer, pastry fillings Mira-Thik® 469; Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Tex® 3 mouthfeel enhancer, peanut butter Aldo® MS KFG; Dimodan® PVP Kosher; Maltrin® M250; Myverol® 18-04; Myverol® 18-99 mouthfeel enhancer, pet foods Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Purity® 660 mouthfeel enhancer, pie fillings National® 465; Redisol® 88 mouthfeel enhancer, pizza sauces Textaid®-A mouthfeel enhancer, pork Gb Select® mouthfeel enhancer, poultry Ceamgel 3383 mouthfeel enhancer, pourable salad dressings Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil®; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 228 M Powder mouthfeel enhancer, powdered sugar Maltrin® M520 mouthfeel enhancer, processed desserts Purity® 660 mouthfeel enhancer, processed organic foods Novation® 9330; Novation® 9360 mouthfeel enhancer, processed puddings Purity® 660 mouthfeel enhancer, protein matrix foods Purity® 90 mouthfeel enhancer, puddings Mira-Thik® 469; National® 465; National® Frigex HV; Paselli™ Easy-Gel; Purity® 4 Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447; Thermshear mouthfeel enhancer, reduced-calorie beverages Aqualon® 9M31F mouthfeel enhancer, reduced-calorie cocoa mixes Aqualon® 7H3SXF; Aqualon® 9M8XF; Aqualon® 9M31XF mouthfeel enhancer, refrigerated foods National® 465; Ultra-Tex® 1 mouthfeel enhancer, relishes TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. 2426

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference mouthfeel enhancer, restructured foods Coyote Brand Xanthan ID mouthfeel enhancer, ricotta cheese Merecol® R; Merecol® RB; Merecol® RCS mouthfeel enhancer, salad dressing emulsions TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 243 M Powder mouthfeel enhancer, salad dressings Akucell® AF 3295; Methocel® E4M Premium EP; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; StaSlim™ 151; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. Ultra-Tex® 4; Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 mouthfeel enhancer, sauces Akucell® AF 3295; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Delta™ 7393; DP 644 Expresa® 2200; GD 2210; Instant Textra; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) Kol Guard® 7467; Mira-Thik® 469; National® 465; National® 320; N-Lite® CL Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360; Purity® 4; Resistamyl 310; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic Star-Dri® 1005A; Textra®; TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Arabic Spray Dry Powder; TIC Pretested® Nutriloid® Pre-Hydrated Arabic; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder Ultra-Tex® 1; Ultra-Tex® 3; Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 mouthfeel enhancer, savory foods Expresa® 2200; Maxarome® Plus; Maxarome® Standard mouthfeel enhancer, seafood Ceamgel 3383 mouthfeel enhancer, sherbets Aqualon® 7H0F; Aqualon® 7H3SF mouthfeel enhancer, sliced meat Ceamgel 3383 mouthfeel enhancer, slimming prods. MD 1710 mouthfeel enhancer, smoothies Coyote Stabilizer DS-101 mouthfeel enhancer, snack seasonings Expresa® 2200 mouthfeel enhancer, snacks foods Rice*Trin® 35

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mouthfeel enhancer, soft serve Aqualon® 7H4XF; Aqualon® 7HF; N-Lite® CL mouthfeel enhancer, sorbets TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder mouthfeel enhancer, soup mixes Corn maltodextrin; Malta*Gran® 10; Maltrin® M050; Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447 mouthfeel enhancer, soups Akucell® AF 3295; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Delta™ 7393; DP 644 GD 2210; Kol Guard® 7467; Mira-Thik® 469; National® 320; Novation® 3600 Novation® 9360; Resistamyl 310; Rice*Complete® 3; Rice*Trin® 16 Organic; Sta-Slim™ 143 TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd.; Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 mouthfeel enhancer, sour cream N-Lite® D; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360 mouthfeel enhancer, spaghetti Textaid®-A mouthfeel enhancer, spice blends MD 1225; Star-Dri® 1005A mouthfeel enhancer, spices Maltrin® M520 mouthfeel enhancer, spoonable salad dressings Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Lite® L; N-Oil® mouthfeel enhancer, spreads Crystal Tex™ 648; Crystal Tex™ 648; DP 644; Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447 mouthfeel enhancer, stews Mira-Cleer® 187 mouthfeel enhancer, sugar fondants Star-Dri® 10 mouthfeel enhancer, sugar-free drink mixes Corn maltodextrin mouthfeel enhancer, surimi Sorbogem™ mouthfeel enhancer, sweet dry blends GD 2210; GD 2910; GD 3910 mouthfeel enhancer, syrups Benecel® MP 843; Instant Textra; Textra®; Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 mouthfeel enhancer, tea Textra® Plus mouthfeel enhancer, tea mixes Malta*Gran® 10 2427

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference mouthfeel enhancer, tomatoes Textaid®-A mouthfeel enhancer, tomato prods. Textaid®-A mouthfeel enhancer, toppings Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 mouthfeel enhancer, turnover fillings Textaid®-A; Ultra-Sperse® 2000; UltraSperse® M; Ultra-Tex® 4 mouthfeel enhancer, UHT Lactarin® CM 2254 mouthfeel enhancer, Vienna sausages Curavis® 250 mouthfeel enhancer, whipped prods. Maltrin® M200 mouthfeel enhancer, yogurt N-Lite® CL; N-Lite® D; Novation® 3300; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9330 Thermshear mouthfeel enhancer, zero-calorie beverages C*Eridex mouthfeel improver, low-calorie prods. Talin® mouthfeel improver, low-fat prods. Talin® m.p. modifier, clinical nutrition Dritex S m.p. modifier, nutritional/sports supplements Dritex S MSG substitute Red Miso Powder 6100 neutralizer, baked goods Adipic acid; Ammonium carbonate; Sodium alum neutralizer, baking powder Adipic acid; Ammonium alum; Ammonium carbonate neutralizer, beer malting Hydrochloric acid neutralizer, beverages Adipic acid; Succinic acid neutralizer, caramel Ammonium carbonate neutralizer, condiments Adipic acid; Succinic acid neutralizer, cream: butter Sodium sesquicarbonate neutralizer, dairy prods. Adipic acid; Sodium sesquicarbonate neutralizer, edible oils Adipic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

neutralizer, fats Adipic acid neutralizer, food Adipic acid; Ammonium carbonate; Calcium hydroxide; Calcium pyrophosphate; Hydrochloric acid Magnesium oxide; Magnesium Oxide 310FCC Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-S Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-SGR Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-SH Heavy Magnesium Oxide 311-S Light; Marinco® H; Potassium acetate; Potassium alum dodecahydrate; Sodium alum Sodium sesquicarbonate; Succinic acid; Succinic anhydride neutralizer, food processing Magnesium Oxide 310-FCC Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-S Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-SGR Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 310-SH Heavy; Magnesium Oxide 311-S Light neutralizer, frozen desserts Adipic acid neutralizer, gelatin Adipic acid; Ammonium carbonate neutralizer, gravies Adipic acid neutralizer, hot sausages Succinic acid neutralizer, infant formulas Magnesium oxide neutralizer, margarine Adipic acid neutralizer, meat prods. Adipic acid; Succinic acid neutralizer, milk pasteurization Calcium Oxide 801 neutralizer, miso Succinic acid neutralizer, oils Adipic acid neutralizer, phosphoric acid: baking powd. prod. Calcium Oxide 801 neutralizer, pickles Sodium alum neutralizer: raw cane, beet sugar juice Magox® Sugar Grade neutralizer, relishes Succinic acid neutralizer, snack foods Adipic acid 2428

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference neutralizer, soy sauce Succinic acid neutralizer, wine Ammonium carbonate neutral salt, cream Soda Phos (FG) neutral salt, eggs Soda Phos (FG) neutral salt, half & half Soda Phos (FG) neutral salt, ice cream Soda Phos (FG) neutral salt, meat Soda Phos (FG) neutral salt, poultry Soda Phos (FG) neutral salt, processed cheeses Soda Phos (FG) neutral salt, seafood Soda Phos (FG) neutral salt, table syrups Soda Phos (FG) neutral salt, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) neutral salt, vegetables Soda Phos (FG) neutral salt, whey Soda Phos (FG) niacin source, special dietary use Aluminum nicotinate nicotinamide source, multivitamin preps. Niacinamide ascorbate nitrite source, cured meats Potassium nitrate; Sodium nitrate nitrite source, fish Sodium nitrate nitrite source, poultry Potassium nitrate; Sodium nitrate nitrogen, liquid: food refrigeration Nitrogen nitrogen, liquid: freeze drying Nitrogen nitrosamine inhibitor: cured meats Eribate® nitrosamine inhibitor, pump-cured bacon D-α-Tocopherol; DL-α-Tocopherol nonfat dry milk replacement, baked goods Darimix SD-101; Extram® H nonfat dry milk replacement, baked goods in combination with whey solids Purity® HO

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nonfat dry milk replacement, breads Extram® H nonfat dry milk replacement, cakes Extram® H nonfat dry milk replacement, cookies Extram® H nonfat dry milk replacement, donuts Extram® H nonfat dry milk replacement, Roman Meal prods. Extram® H nonfat dry milk replacement, sweet goods Extram® H nonfat milk solids replacement, frozen desserts Instant Purity® SMR; National® DSR nonfat milk solids replacement, ice cream Instant Purity® SMR; National® DSR noodle improver TIC Pretested® Colloid Noodlizer Powder nucleic acid source, food supplements Yeast nutraceutical Omegaphyl 3020 nutraceutical, candy Aloe Vera Extract, Oil Sol. Liq. nutraceutical, chewing gum Aloe Vera Extract, Oil Sol. Liq. nutraceutical, health drinks Aloe Vera Extract, Oil Sol. Liq. nutraceutical, soft drinks Aloe Vera Extract, Oil Sol. Liq. nutraceutical, sports beverages Aloe Vera Extract, Oil Sol. Liq. nut replacement, bakery prods. Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets nut replacement, cakes Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets nut replacement, confectionery Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets nut replacement, cookies Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets nut replacement, crackers Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets nut replacement, nutritional snack foods Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets nutrient Aerophos XA; DL-Alanine; Chondroitin sulfate; HT® Monocalcium Phosphate; Pancreatin DL-Phenylalanine; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil 2429

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference nutrient, adult/infant nutrition Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577; Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579 nutrient, animal feed CNP RPC70XFG nutrient, baby foods Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 nutrient, baby foods in jars Glucidex 12 D; Glucidex 17 D; Glucidex 19 D nutrient, baby prods. Sodium ascorbate nutrient, baked goods Amaranthus cruentus; L-Aspartic acid; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ; L-Glutamine L-Histidine; Iron; Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous) Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Potassium bicarbonate; Pyridoxine HCl; Sodium chloride; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein L-Tyrosine nutrient, baking mixes Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate nutrient, baking powder Calcium glycerophosphate nutrient, batter mixes Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #9 nutrient, beer malting Potassium chloride nutrient, beverages L-Aspartic acid; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Egg whites; Egg White Solids Type EP-1; Ferrous glycinate Glycine; Jerusalem artichoke flour; Potassium citrate; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein; Supro XT™ Brand Isolated Soy Protein Veg-Dry Beet; Veg-Dry Carrot nutrient, beverage supplements CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals nutrient, bread improvers Ammonium phosphate, dibasic nutrient, breading Puffed Amaranth

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nutrient, breads Ferric phosphate; Puffed Amaranth nutrient, breakfast cereals Pyridoxine HCl nutrient, butter Carotene; Sodium chloride nutrient, cake/bread mixes Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ nutrient, cake mixes Potassium D-gluconate nutrient, calcium source: food Calcium citrate nutrient, candy Maltodextrin nutrient, capsules Soluble Beef Liver Powder; Soluble Pork Liver Powder; Spray Dried Beef Liver Powder; Spray Dried Pork Liver Powder nutrient, cereal flours Calcium hydroxide phosphate nutrient, cereal prods. Calcium phosphate dibasic; Iron nutrient, cereals Amaranthus cruentus; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ; Ergocalciferol; Ferrous fumarate; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Puffed Amaranth; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein; DL-αTryptophan; Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ nutrient, cheeses Carotene; Sodium chloride; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate nutrient, chewable tablets Covitol® 700 nutrient, coffee whiteners Disodium citrate nutrient, condiments L-Aspartic acid; L-Tyrosine nutrient, confectionery L-Histidine; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 nutrient, cookies Ferrous sulfate monohydrate; Puffed Amaranth nutrient, crackers Maltodextrin; Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ 2430

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference nutrient, cultured buttermilk Disodium citrate; Trisodium citrate nutrient, cured meat prods. Disodium citrate; Sodium ascorbate nutrient, dairy prods. Carotene; L-Histidine; Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous) Pyridoxine HCl; Sodium ascorbate; Sodium gluconate nutrient, desserts Hydrolyzed gelatin; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein nutrient, dietary drinks Potassium bicarbonate nutrient, dietary supplements CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals; Octacosanol nutrient, dietetic prods. Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577; Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579; Lactose monohydrate; Potassium D-gluconate Sheffield Brand Anhydrous Lactose NF; Sheffield Brand Lactose Monohydrate NF; Sodium gluconate nutrient, dressings Amaranthus cruentus; Calcium hydroxide phosphate nutrient, dried milk prods. Potassium bicarbonate nutrient, dry foods Dry Vitamin D3 Type 100 SD; Rocoat® Niacinamide 331/3%; Rocoat® Thiamine Mononitrate 331/3%; Thiamine Hydrochloride USP, FCC nutrient, dry infant formulas Thiamine Hydrochloride USP, FCC nutrient, dry mix beverages Potassium D-gluconate nutrient, dry mix desserts Potassium D-gluconate nutrient, dry mixes CNP RPC70XFG nutrient, dry-powdered mixes Covitol® 700 WD nutrient, dry sauces Glucidex 12 D; Glucidex 17 D; Glucidex 19 D nutrient, dry soups Glucidex 12 D; Glucidex 17 D; Glucidex 19 D

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nutrient, effervescent tablets Covitol® 700 WD nutrient, enriched flour Ferrous sulfate monohydrate; Nicotinic acid; Riboflavin; Thiamine nutrient, essential: food fortification Niacinamide USP, FCC nutrient, essential: multivitamin preps. Niacinamide USP, FCC nutrient, evaporated milk Disodium citrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate nutrient, fats/oils Carotene nutrient, fermentation Kemester® 2050; Kemester® 4516; Methyl eicosanoate; Methyl stearate nutrient, fillings Calcium glycerophosphate nutrient, fish prods. Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous) nutrient, flour Amaranthus cruentus; Iron nutrient, flour blends Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #9 nutrient, flour enrichment Ferrous sulfate anhydrous nutrient, flour mixes Thiamine nitrate nutrient, food N-Acetyl-L-methionine; L-Alanine; Alfalfa (Medicago sativa); L-Arginine; L-Arginine monohydrochloride L-Ascorbic acid; L-Asparagine; DL-Aspartic acid; L-Aspartic acid; Beta Carotene 30% FS d-Biotin; Calcium Carbonate 2927 Extra Heavy; Calcium Carbonate 2928 Ultra Heavy; Calcium carbonate; Calcium Carbonate BC 300 Light Calcium Carbonate BC 2924 Extra Light; Calcium Carbonate BC 2925 Medium; Calcium Carbonate BC 2926 Light; Calcium Carbonate Purified 2923 Heavy; Calcium glycerophosphate Calcium oxide; Calcium Oxide 801; Calcium D-pantothenate; Calcium phosphate 2431

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference dibasic; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium pyrophosphate; Calcium sulfate; Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Carotene Cholecalciferol; Choline bitartrate; Choline chloride; Copper gluconate (ic); Copper iodide (ous) Corn (Zea mays) gluten protein; Covitol® 1360J; Cyanocobalamin; L-Cysteine; Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate L-Cystine; Disodium citrate; Egg whites; Egg White Solids Type EP-1; Ergocalciferol Ferric citrate; Ferric phosphate; Ferric pyrophosphate; Ferric sodium pyrophosphate; Ferrous ascorbate Ferrous carbonate; Ferrous citrate; Ferrous fumarate; Ferrous gluconate; Ferrous gluconate dihydrate Ferrous glycinate; Ferrous lactate; Ferrous sulfate anhydrous; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Ferrous sulfate monohydrate Folic acid; L-Glutamic acid; L-Glutamic acid hydrochloride; L-Glutamine; Glycine L-Histidine; Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate; Hydrolyzed protein; Inositol; Iron Iron ammonium citrate; DL-Isoleucine; LIsoleucine; Jerusalem artichoke flour; DLLeucine L-Leucine; Linoleic acid; Linolenic acid; Lupine protein; L-Lysine L-Lysine hydrochloride; Magnesium carbonate hydroxide; Magnesium lactate; Magnesium oxide; Magnesium phosphate dibasic Magnesium phosphate tribasic; Magnesium sulfate anhydrous; Maltodextrin; Maltose; Manganese chloride (ous), tetrahydrate Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese glycerophosphate; Manganese hypophosphite; Manganese sulfate (ous) DL-Methionine; L-Methionine; Nicotinic acid; Nutriene Tocotrienol; D-Panthenol DL-Panthenol; D-Phenylalanine; LPhenylalanine; Potassium aspartate; Potassium bicarbonate Potassium chloride; Potassium citrate; Potassium D-gluconate; Potassium glutamate; Potassium glycerophosphate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Potassium iodide; Pre-Gel Amaranth Powder; L-Proline; Puffed Amaranth; Pyridoxine HCl Retinol; Retinyl acetate; Retinyl palmitate; Riboflavin; Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium DL-Serine; L-Serine; Shark liver oil; Sodium ascorbate; Sodium aspartate Sodium chloride; Sodium fumarate; Sodium gluconate; Sodium pantothenate; Sodium phosphate Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Sodium phosphate tribasic Sorbitol; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate; Thiamine nitrate; L-Threonine; Tocopherol D-α-Tocopherol; DL-α-Tocopherol; Tocopheryl acetate; d-α-Tocopheryl acetate; dl-α-Tocopheryl acetate Tocopheryl succinate; Triacetin; DL-αTryptophan; L-Tryptophan; L-Tyrosine DL-α-Valine; L-Valine; Veg-Dry Beet; VegDry Carrot; Vitamin K1 Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ; Zinc chloride; Zinc gluconate; Zinc methionine sulfate; Zinc oxide Zinc Oxide 66; Zinc Oxide 6601; Zinc Oxide 6605; Zinc Oxide CR-4; Zinc stearate Zinc sulfate; Zinc sulfate heptahydrate nutrient, food processing Calcium Oxide 801 nutrient, food supplements CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals; Vitamin K1 nutrient, frostings L-Histidine nutrient, frozen waffles Ferrous fumarate nutrient, fruit juices Carotene nutrient, gelatin Calcium glycerophosphate nutrient, geriatric foods Lactose monohydrate; Sheffield Brand Anhydrous Lactose NF; Sheffield Brand Lactose Monohydrate NF nutrient, grain prods. Ergocalciferol nutrient, health food capsules Jerusalem artichoke flour

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference nutrient, health foods Engevita® Bland; Engevita® Fortified B; Engevita® Toasted; Lactose monohydrate; Octacosanol Sheffield Brand Anhydrous Lactose NF; Sheffield Brand Lactose Monohydrate NF nutrient, health food tablets Jerusalem artichoke flour nutrient, hypoallergenic protein prods. CNP RPC70XFG nutrient, ice cream Carotene; Hydrolyzed gelatin; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 nutrient, infant formulas Calcium D-pantothenate; L-Carnitine; Carotene; Cholecalciferol; Cyanocobalamin Ergocalciferol; Ferric citrate; Ferric phosphate; Ferric pyrophosphate; Ferrous ascorbate Ferrous carbonate; Ferrous citrate; Ferrous fumarate; Ferrous gluconate; Ferrous gluconate dihydrate Ferrous lactate; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Inositol; Iron ammonium citrate; Lactose monohydrate Linoleic acid; Magnesium oxide; Magnesium phosphate tribasic; Manganese chloride (ous), tetrahydrate; Manganese citrate (ous) Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous); Nicotinic acid; Potassium chloride; Pyridoxine HCl Retinol; Retinyl acetate; Retinyl palmitate; Riboflavin; Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium Sheffield Brand Anhydrous Lactose NF; Sheffield Brand Lactose Monohydrate NF; Thiamine nitrate; Vitamin K1 nutrient, jellies Hydrolyzed gelatin nutrient, liquid preps. Covitol® 1360J nutrient, margarine Cholecalciferol; Disodium citrate; Ergocalciferol; Potassium bicarbonate nutrient, meal supplements Hydrolyzed gelatin nutrient, meat L-Aspartic acid; L-Glutamine; L-Histidine; Potassium glutamate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; L-Tyrosine nutrient, meat prods. Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous); Potassium citrate; Proplus® Brand Isolated Soy Protein Prod. Pyridoxine HCl; Sodium gluconate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein nutrient, medical foods Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein nutrient, microbial fermentation Ammonia; Ammonium acetate; Ammonium phosphate; Ammonium sulfate; d-Biotin Glucose, liquid nutrient, milk Ergocalciferol nutrient, milk powders Glucidex 12 D; Glucidex 17 D; Glucidex 19 D nutrient, milk prods. Ergocalciferol; Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous); Pyridoxine HCl Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium nutrient, multivitamin preps. Niacinamide ascorbate nutrient, nonalcoholic beverages Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous); Pyridoxine HCl nutrient, nondairy prods. Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein nutrient, noodles Ferrous sulfate monohydrate nutrient, nut prods. L-Glutamine nutrient, nutritional bars Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ nutrient, nutritional formulations CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals nutrient, nuts Sodium chloride nutrient, oleomargarine Carotene nutrient, orange beverages Carotene

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference nutrient, pasta Ergocalciferol; Iron; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein nutrient, pasta prods. Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate nutrient, pellagra prevention: food Niacinamide nutrient, pellagra prevention: infant formulas Niacinamide nutrient, plant protein prods. Pyridoxine HCl nutrient, pork Disodium citrate nutrient, poultry Disodium citrate; Sodium chloride nutrient, poultry prods. Manganese citrate (ous); Manganese gluconate; Manganese sulfate (ous) nutrient, prepared foods CNP RPC70XFG nutrient, prepared meats Sodium ascorbate nutrient, processed cheeses Potassium citrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate nutrient, processed fruits Carotene nutrient, puddings Calcium glycerophosphate; Carotene; Maltodextrin nutrient: rapid absorption, metabolization of fat for dietetic foods Delios® nutrient, rendered fats Glycine nutrient replacement, food Reheis Less Salt Blend nutrient, seasonings L-Aspartic acid; L-Glutamine; L-Tyrosine nutrient, snack foods Amaranthus cruentus; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ; Puffed Amaranth; Pyridoxine HCl; L-Tyrosine Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ nutrient, soft candy L-Glutamine nutrient, soft drinks Potassium citrate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nutrient, special dietary food Aluminum nicotinate; Calcium pantothenate calcium chloride double salt (d or dl); Ferric choline citrate nutrient, sports beverages Sunmalt™ S nutrient, stuffing Puffed Amaranth nutrient, sugar processing Calcium oxide nutrient supplement Crossential® SA-14; Fish 30%; Puracal® DC nutrient supplement, baked goods Whetpro®-75 nutrient supplement, beverages Puracal® PP/FCC nutrient supplement, brandy Cupric sulfate anhydrous nutrient supplement, candy Magnesium stearate nutrient supplement, cereals Whetpro®-75 nutrient supplement, cheese analog prods. Whetpro®-75 nutrient supplement, cheese spreads Bakers yeast extract nutrient supplement, cream Soda Phos (FG) nutrient supplement, distilling spirits Cupric sulfate anhydrous nutrient supplement, eggs Soda Phos (FG) nutrient supplement, food Bakers yeast extract; Calcium chloride; Calcium lactate; Corn (Zea mays) meal; Cupric sulfate anhydrous Cupric sulfate pentahydrate; Magnesium chloride hexahydrate; Magnesium hydroxide; Magnesium stearate; Pationic® 1233 Pationic® 1240; Pationic® 1250; Potassium carbonate nutrient supplement, frozen desserts Bakers yeast extract; Magnesium hydroxide nutrient supplement, gum Magnesium stearate nutrient supplement, half & half Soda Phos (FG) nutrient supplement, ice cream Soda Phos (FG)

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference nutrient supplement, infant formulas Cupric sulfate anhydrous; Cupric sulfate pentahydrate; Magnesium chloride hexahydrate nutrient supplement, juices Puracal® PP/FCC nutrient supplement, margarine Potassium carbonate nutrient supplement, meat Soda Phos (FG) nutrient supplement, mint Magnesium stearate nutrient supplement, pasta Whetpro®-75 nutrient supplement, pet foods Whetpro®-75 nutrient supplement, poultry Soda Phos (FG) nutrient supplement, powdered drinks Puracal® PP/FCC nutrient supplement, processed cheeses Soda Phos (FG) nutrient supplement, salad dressings Bakers yeast extract nutrient supplement, seafood Soda Phos (FG) nutrient supplement, snack dips Bakers yeast extract nutrient supplement, soups Potassium carbonate nutrient supplement, sour cream prods. Bakers yeast extract nutrient supplement, table syrups Soda Phos (FG) nutrient supplement, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) nutrient supplement, vegetables Soda Phos (FG) nutrient supplement, whey Soda Phos (FG) nutrient supplement, wine Cupric sulfate anhydrous nutrient, table salt Potassium iodide nutrient, tablets Soluble Beef Liver Powder; Soluble Pork Liver Powder; Spray Dried Beef Liver Powder; Spray Dried Pork Liver Powder nutrient, tripe Potassium D-gluconate nutrient, two-piece capsules Covitol® 700 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nutrient, vinegar Ammonium phosphate, dibasic nutrient, vitamin tablets Zinc methionine sulfate nutrient, wine Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate nutrient, yeast Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Magnesium chloride; Magnesium sulfate anhydrous; Phosphoric acid; Potassium carbonate Potassium phosphate nutrient, yeast fermentation Ammonium bicarbonate; Ammonium phosphate nutrient, yeast-leavened baked goods Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous nutrient, yeast-leavened baked goods/mixes L-Cysteine nutrient, yeast-raised bakery prods. Terra Alba nutritional additive, water/fat binder, emulsifier, foaming agent for meat and fish prods., biscuits, pastry-making, desserts, prepared dishes, soups, sauces, dietary, health, and baby foodsnutritional supplement, meat prods. Pisane® nutritional fluid NEOBEE® 18 nutritional MCT source NEOBEE® M-5 nutritional supplement Alcolec® PS 20 P; Alcolec® PS 40 P; Alcolec® PS 50 P; CMP-221; Cranberry (vaccinum macrocarpon) fruit extract Crossential® LN80; Fish Liver Oil; Glucosamine; Halibut Liver Oil 60,000A/1,000D; Lesstanol™ Natural Octacosanol GF Propionic anhydride; Psyllium; Reishi Mycelium Extract; Rex® Vitamin Fortified Wheat Germ Oil; Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mushroom Extract Powder 4:1 Skipjack Liver Oil 30,000A/20,000D; Skipjack Liver Oil 40,000A/20,000D; Vipers bugloss (Echium plantagineum) oil nutritional supplement, baby foods Pisane®; Pisane® nutritional supplement, baked goods Novomega™; Sturcal® F PCC

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference nutritional supplement, bakery prods. Avonlac™ 134; Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180; BarFlex® 171; Barmax™ Barpro™ nutritional supplement, beverage mixes Avonlac™ 134; Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180 nutritional supplement, beverages Sturcal® F PCC; ViCALity Albafil® PCC; ViCALity Albaglos® PCC; ViCALity® Extra Heavy PCC; ViCALity® Extra Light PCC ViCALity® Heavy PCC; ViCALity® Light PCC; ViCALity® Medium PCC nutritional supplement, biscuits Pisane®; Pisane® nutritional supplement, breads Novomega™ nutritional supplement, cereals Sturcal® F PCC nutritional supplement, chocolate Thermax® 34 nutritional supplement, clinical nutrition beverages Thermax® 690 nutritional supplement, confectionery BarFlex® 171 nutritional supplement, cookies Barmax™; Barpro™ nutritional supplement, desserts Pisane® nutritional supplement, dietetic prods. CFM® 190; Epikuron™ 100 G; Pisane®; Pisane®; Provon® 190 HS Provon® 290; Provon® A-190 nutritional supplement, dressings CFM® 190 nutritional supplement, drinkable yogurt ViCALity Albafil® PCC; ViCALity Albaglos® PCC; ViCALity® Extra Heavy PCC; ViCALity® Extra Light PCC; ViCALity® Heavy PCC ViCALity® Light PCC; ViCALity® Medium PCC nutritional supplement, dry mixes Avonlac™ 134 nutritional supplement, egg white substitutes CFM® 190 nutritional supplement, elderly/geriatric prods. Epax 1050 TG nutritional supplement, fish prods. Pisane®; Pisane® Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nutritional supplement, flour Rich-Pak® nutritional supplement, food Anterior Pituitary Substance; Brain Substance; Defatted Beef Liver Granular; Desiccated Beef Liver Granular Undefatted; Desiccated Beef Liver Powder Desiccated Beef Liver Powder Defatted; Desiccated Hog Bile; Desiccated Ox Bile; Desiccated Pork Liver Powder; DSP/TSP 30% Duodenal Substance; Extract of Hog Bile; Extract of Ox Bile NF XI; Eye Substance; Freeze Dried Beef Liver Powd. Defatted Freeze Dried Beef Liver Powder; Freeze Dried Pork Liver Powder Defatted; Freeze Dried Pork Liver Powder Undefatted; Heart Substance; Hypothalamus Substance Iron Bile Salts; Kidney Substance; Liver Concentrated Paste; Lung Substance; Lymphatic Substance Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S7 Light; Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S9 Medium; Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S12 Heavy; Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S Xtra Light; Mammary Substance Orchic Substance; Ovarian Substance; Ox bile; Pancreas Substance; Parathyroid Substance Parotid Substance; Pineal Substance; Placental Substance; Pork Pancreas Substance; Prostate Substance Purasal® NH/COS; Soluble Trachea CS 16 Substance; Soluble Trachea Substance; Spleen Substance; Stomach Substance Suprarenal (Adrenal) Substance; Suprarenal Cortex Substance; Thymus Substance; Trachea Substance; TSP/DSP 40% Uterus Substance; Whole Pituitary Substance nutritional supplement, food bars BarFlex® 171 nutritional supplement, fortified beverages BarFlex® 171; CFM® 190; Provon® 290; Provon® A-190 nutritional supplement, frozen yogurt Thermax® 34 nutritional supplement, granola bars Sturcal® F PCC

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference nutritional supplement, health foods Epikuron™ 100 G; Pisane®; Pisane®; Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mycelium Biomass, Certified Organic nutritional supplement, ice cream Avonlac™ 134; Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180; Thermax® 34 nutritional supplement, imitation cheese EM 9N nutritional supplement, infant nutrition formulas Avonlac™ 134; Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180; Thermax® 34 nutritional supplement, meat prods. CFM® 190; Pisane® nutritional supplement, milk Sturcal® F PCC; ViCALity Albafil® PCC; ViCALity Albaglos® PCC; ViCALity® Extra Heavy PCC; ViCALity® Extra Light PCC ViCALity® Heavy PCC; ViCALity® Light PCC; ViCALity® Medium PCC nutritional supplement, nutritional beverages EM 9N; Thermax® 690 nutritional supplement, nutritional dry mixes Provon® 290; Provon® A-190 nutritional supplement, nutrition bars BarFlex® 171; CFM® 190 nutritional supplement, pastries Pisane®; Pisane® nutritional supplement, powdered dietetic prods. EM 9N nutritional supplement, powdered mixes Epikuron™ 100 G nutritional supplement, pregnancy/lactation Epax 1050 TG nutritional supplement, prepared dishes Pisane®; Pisane® nutritional supplement, probiotics Sturcal® F PCC; ViCALity Albafil® PCC; ViCALity Albaglos® PCC; ViCALity® Extra Heavy PCC; ViCALity® Extra Light PCC ViCALity® Heavy PCC; ViCALity® Light PCC; ViCALity® Medium PCC nutritional supplement, processed cheeses Avonlac™ 134; Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180; EM 9N; Thermax® 34 nutritional supplement, processed meat prods. EM 9N

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nutritional supplement, processed poultry prods. EM 9N nutritional supplement, protein bars EM 9N nutritional supplement, protein fortified beverages Provon® 190 HS nutritional supplement, protein fortified juices Provon® A-190 nutritional supplement, protein fortified teas Provon® A-190 nutritional supplement, protein waters Provon® A-190 nutritional supplement, ready-to-drink beverages Thermax® 34 nutritional supplement, sauces CFM® 190; Pisane®; Pisane®; Thermax® 34 nutritional supplement, smoothies Provon® A-190 nutritional supplement, snack bars Sturcal® F PCC nutritional supplement, soups Pisane®; Pisane®; Thermax® 34 nutritional supplement, soymilk Sturcal® F PCC; ViCALity Albafil® PCC; ViCALity Albaglos® PCC; ViCALity® Extra Heavy PCC; ViCALity® Extra Light PCC ViCALity® Heavy PCC; ViCALity® Light PCC; ViCALity® Medium PCC nutritional supplement, sports beverages Provon® 290; Provon® A-190; Thermax® 690 nutritional supplement, tablets Epikuron™ 100 G nutritional supplement, teas Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mycelium Biomass, Certified Organic nutritional supplement, tonics Epikuron™ 100 G nutritional supplement, UHT milk Avonlac™ 134; Avonlac™ 170; Avonlac™ 180 nutritional supplement, UHT prods. Thermax® 34 nutritional supplement, ultra-pasteurized prods. Thermax® 34 nutritional supplement, weight-loss beverages Thermax® 690 2437

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference nutritional supplement, yogurt Sturcal® F PCC nutritive additive, bakery mixes Star-Dri® 1 nutritive additive, batters Star-Dri® 10 nutritive additive, beverage mixes Star-Dri® 15 nutritive additive, confectionery Star-Dri® 15 nutritive additive, dairy desserts Star-Dri® 5; Star-Dri® 10; Star-Dri® 15; StarDri® 18 nutritive additive, dry mixes Star-Dri® 1005A; Star-Dri® 1015A nutritive additive, frostings Star-Dri® 5 nutritive additive, gravies Star-Dri® 1005A nutritive additive, nutritional beverages Star-Dri® 1005A; Star-Dri® 1015A nutritive additive, sauces Star-Dri® 1005A nutritive additive, spice blends Star-Dri® 1005A nutritive additive, sugar fondants Star-Dri® 10 nutritive polymer Maltrin® M180 nutritive polymer, baked goods Maltrin® M040 nutritive polymer, bakery prods. Maltrin® M100 nutritive polymer, beverages Maltrin® M050 nutritive polymer, cake mixes Maltrin® M150 nutritive polymer, cheese prods. Maltrin® M040 nutritive polymer, confectionery Maltrin® M100; Maltrin® M150 nutritive polymer, cookie mixes Maltrin® M150 nutritive polymer, dehydrated foods Maltrin® M150 nutritive polymer, dry mixes Maltrin® M100; Maltrin® M510; Maltrin® M700 nutritive polymer, flavored syrups Maltrin® M150

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

nutritive polymer, food Maltrin® M050; Maltrin® M100; Maltrin® M150; Maltrin® M510; Maltrin® M700 Maltrin® QD M440; Maltrin® QD M500; Maltrin® QD M550; Maltrin® QD M580; Maltrin® QD M600 nutritive polymer, frozen desserts Maltrin® M150 nutritive polymer, frozen foods Maltrin® M100 nutritive polymer, glazes Maltrin® M150 nutritive polymer, gravy mixes Maltrin® M050 nutritive polymer, high-flavored mixes Maltrin® M700 nutritive polymer, low-calorie mixes Maltrin® M700 nutritive polymer, nondairy prods. Maltrin® M100 nutritive polymer, pan coatings Maltrin® M050 nutritive polymer, processed meats Maltrin® M040 nutritive polymer, snack foods Maltrin® M100 nutritive polymer, soup mixes Maltrin® M050 nutritive polymer, spray-dried foods Maltrin® M100 oating agent, vegetables Drakeol® 9 odor control agent Chlorine dioxide odor control agent, bottled drinking water treatment Ozone odor control agent, dairy processing Maquat™ FD-2003 odor control agent, food processing Carbon, activated; Maquat™ FD-2003 odor control agent, meat/poultry processing Maquat™ FD-2003 off-flavor retarder, food Lem-O-Fos® 101 oil absorption inhibitor, instant noodles Veron® N; Veron® N; Veron® TX oil absorption reducer, frying Benecel® MP 824 oil absorption reducer, onion ring frying Benecel® M 043; Benecel® MP 874

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference oil absorption reducer, tacos Benecel® MP 874 oil, edible: margarine Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil oil, edible: salad oil blends Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil oil, edible: shortening Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil oil/fat barrier Aqualon® 7HF oil/fat substitute, baby foods Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P oil/fat substitute, food specialties Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FGAX-P oil/fat substitute, frozen foods Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P oil/fat substitute, fruit preps. Remygel 663 oil/fat substitute, low-fat butter Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P oil/fat substitute, low-fat margarine Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P oil/fat substitute, preserves Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P oil/fat substitute, salad dressings Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P oil/fat substitute, sauces Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

oil/fat substitute, soups Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P oiling agent, food Glyceryl caprate oil pickup reducer, doughnuts TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Lite Powder oil pick-up reducer, fried food Midsol™ Krisp oil replacement, baked goods Rice*Complete® 3 oil replacement, dips Rice*Complete® 3 oil replacement, dressings Rice*Complete® 3 oil replacement, frostings Rice*Complete® 3 oil replacement, gravies Rice*Complete® 3 oil replacement, soups Rice*Complete® 3 oil separation inhibitor BFP 74K oil separation inhibitor, peanut butter Atlas® 1500 oil separation preventer, almond pastes Tinamul® oil separation preventer, bakery prods. Tinamul® oil separation preventer, fudge Aldo® MS KFG oil separation preventer, fudge sauces Aldo® MS KFG oil separation preventer, hazelnut pastes Tinamul® oil separation preventer, ice cream Tinamul® oil separation preventer, margarine Tinamul® oil separation preventer, mayonnaise Tinamul® oil separation preventer, peanut butter Aldo® MS KFG oil separation preventer, release agents Tinamul® oil separation preventer, sausages Tinamul® oil separation preventer, snack foods Tinamul® oil separation preventer, toffees Tinamul® 2439

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference oil, specialty: dietary foods containing MCT Miglyol® 808; Miglyol® 810 N; Miglyol® 812 N; Miglyol® 8108 oil, specialty: light-duty cooking Clarity oil, specialty: salad dressing Clarity oil substitute, clear salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S1 No Fat Powder oil substitute, creamy fat-free salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S2 No Fat Powd. oil substitute, fat-free salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S1 No Fat Powder oil substitute, low-fat muffins TIC Pretested® Colloid 451T Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-B No Fat Powder oil uptake inhibitor, noodles Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 oil uptake inhibitor, pasta Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 oil uptake reducer, batters Resistamyl 131; Resistamyl 231 oil uptake reducer, breading Resistamyl 131; Resistamyl 231 oligosaccharide source, food Glucidex 29 D olive oil substitute Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil omega-3 fatty acid source Vitinc® Wheat Germ Oil omega-3 fatty acid source, baked goods OmegaPure® Refined Menhaden Oil omega-3 fatty acid source, candy OmegaPure® Refined Menhaden Oil omega-3 fatty acid source, meat prods. OmegaPure® Refined Menhaden Oil omega-3 fatty acid source, milk prods. OmegaPure® Refined Menhaden Oil onion oil substitute Natural Replace for Onion opacifier Avicel® RC-501; Avicel® RC-591F; DREWMULSE® GMC-810 opacifier, bakery fillings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel opacifier, batter coatings Hylon® V; Hylon® VII

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

opacifier, batter mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 opacifier, beverages Maltrin® M050 opacifier, breading mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 opacifier, breads DREWMULSE® 200K opacifier, cakes Polysorbate 60 opacifier, candy DREWMULSE® 200K opacifier, cheeses Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel opacifier, chewing gum bases DREWMULSE® 200K opacifier, coffee whiteners Polysorbate 60 opacifier, confectionery Hylon® V; Hylon® VII opacifier, confectionery coatings Glycosperse® S-20 KFG; Polysorbate 60 opacifier, cream fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 opacifier, custard fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 opacifier, dressings Avicel® CL-611; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Polysorbate 60 opacifier, dry mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 opacifier, extruded snacks Hylon® V; Hylon® VII opacifier, food DREWMULSE® 200K; Geleol®; Hydrogenated lard glyceride; Hydrogenated lard glycerides; Hydrogenated palm glyceride Hydrogenated palm glycerides; Hydrogenated soy glyceride; Hydrogenated soy glycerides; Hydrogenated tallow glyceride; Hydrogenated tallow glycerides Hylon® V; Hylon® VII; Lard glycerides; Lumulse® GMO K; Lumulse® GMR K Maltrin® M050; Palm glyceride; PEG-6 dilaurate; PEG-20 dilaurate; PEG-32 dilaurate PEG-75 dilaurate; PEG-150 dilaurate; PEG-4 dioleate; PEG-6 dioleate; PEG-20 dioleate PEG-32 dioleate; PEG-75 dioleate; PEG-150 dioleate; PEG-6 distearate; PEG-20 distearate 2440

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference PEG-32 distearate; PEG-75 distearate; PEG32 laurate; PEG-32 oleate; PEG-75 oleate PEG-32 stearate; PEG-75 stearate; Polysorbate 60; S-Maz® 80K; S-Maz® 85K Solka-Floc®; Sunflower seed oil glyceride; Sunflower seed oil glycerides; Tallow glyceride; Whey protein opacifier, food mixes Octenylsuccinic anhydride opacifier, fried snacks Hylon® V; Hylon® VII opacifier, frozen desserts Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; DREWMULSE® 200K; Lumulse® GMO K opacifier, fruit drinks Sta-O-Paque® opacifier, gravies Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Purity® TF opacifier, gravy mixes Maltrin® M050 opacifier, ice cream Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel opacifier, icings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 opacifier, jelly gum candies Hylon® V; Hylon® VII opacifier, margarine DREWMULSE® 200K opacifier, mayonnaise Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel opacifier, meat Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; TIC Pretested® Colloid 825 Powder opacifier, nonfat pasteurized processed cheeses Gelcarin® GP-911NF opacifier, nutritional drinks Sta-O-Paque® opacifier, pan coatings Maltrin® M050 opacifier, peanut butter DREWMULSE® 200K opacifier, pet foods TIC Pretested® Colloid 825 Powder opacifier, poultry Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 opacifier, processed gravies Purity® Cloud opacifier, puddings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

opacifier, sauces Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Purity® TF; Purity® Cloud opacifier, shortenings/edible oils Polysorbate 60 opacifier, soup mixes Maltrin® M050 opacifier, soups Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Purity® TF; Purity® Cloud opacifier, sports drinks Sta-O-Paque® opacifier, stews Purity® Cloud opacifier, toppings DREWMULSE® 200K opacifier, whipped toppings Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Polysorbate 60 osmolality regulator DextriPlus™ HSPR05; DextriPlus™ HSPR18 osmolality regulator, baked goods Rice*Trin® 35 osmolality regulator, confectionery Rice*Trin® 35 osmolality regulator, flavors Rice*Trin® 16 osmolality regulator, nutritional beverages Rice*Trin® 35 osmolality regulator, snack foods Rice*Trin® 35 oxidation inhibitor, dairy flavors EmCap-Instant 12639 oxidation inhibitor, high-fat systems EmCap 06376 oxidation inhibitor, liquid clouds EmCap-Instant 12639 oxidation inhibitor, savory EmCap 06376 oxidation inhibitor, spices EmCap 06376 oxidation inhibitor, spray-dried cheese EmCap-Instant 12639 oxidation inhibitor, spray-dried citrus oils EmCap-Instant 12639 oxidation inhibitor, spray-dried clouds EmCap-Instant 12639 oxidation inhibitor, spray-dried essences EmCap-Instant 12639 2441

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference oxidation retarder, fruit fillings FruitSavr®; FruitSavr® oxidation retarder, fruits FruitSavr® oxidation retarder, jams FruitSavr® oxidation retarder, jellies FruitSavr® oxidizer, baked goods Potassium bromate; Potassium hydroxide oxidizer, black olives Potassium hydroxide oxidizer, bleaching flour Adox® 3125 oxidizer, bleaching oils Benzoyl peroxide oxidizer, breads Calcium iodate; Oxitabs oxidizer, brewing Potassium bromate oxidizer, cheeses Benzoyl peroxide oxidizer, cheese whey Hydrogen peroxide oxidizer, cocoa Potassium hydroxide oxidizer, corn syrups Hydrogen peroxide oxidizer, dairy prods. Potassium hydroxide oxidizer, dried eggs Hydrogen peroxide oxidizer, flour Benzoyl peroxide; Chlorine dioxide oxidizer, food ADA Tablets; L-Ascorbic acid; Bromitabs; Calcium peroxide; Chlorine dioxide Hydrogen peroxide; IDX-20 NB; Potassium hydroxide oxidizer, food pkg. Hydrogen peroxide oxidizer, food processing Chlorine oxidizer, food processing equip. Adox® 3125 oxidizer, frozen vegetables Potassium hydroxide oxidizer, hop extract: beer flavoring Peracetic acid oxidizer, ice cream Potassium hydroxide

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

oxidizer, intermediate: bread flours Ascorbo-120; Ascorbo-C Tablets oxidizer, intermediate: whole grain bread dry bases Ascorbo-160-2 Powder oxidizer, intermediate: whole grain bread dry mixes Ascorbo-160-2 Powder oxidizer, meat processing plants Adox® 3125 oxidizer, milk Hydrogen peroxide oxidizer, nutritional fortification Improved Paniplus M oxidizer, poultry Potassium hydroxide oxidizer, poultry chiller water Adox® 3125 oxidizer, soft drinks Potassium hydroxide oxidizer, starch Hydrogen peroxide oxidizer, tea Hydrogen peroxide oxidizer, wine Hydrogen peroxide oxidizer, wine vinegar Hydrogen peroxide oxygen barrier Acetylated hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride oxygen removal/displacement aid, food processing Natural gas; Natural gas oxygen scavenger FloAm® System oxygen scavenger, grated cheese prods. FloAm® 500 oxygen scavenger, high-moisture cheeses FloAm® 740 oxygen scavenger, packaged Cheddar cheese FloAm® 200C oxygen scavenger, packaged cheese FloAm® 240 oxygen scavenger, packaged cheese prods. FloAm® 540; FloAm® 740 oxygen scavenger, packaged Colby cheese FloAm® 200C oxygen scavenger, packaged shredded cheeses FloAm® 200; FloAm® 200C; FloAm® 210 HC 2442

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference oxygen scavenger, packaged shredded Monterey jack FloAm® 200 oxygen scavenger, packaged shredded mozzarella FloAm® 200 oxygen scavenger, packaged shredded muenster FloAm® 200 oxygen scavenger, shredded cheese prods. FloAm® 500 oxygen scavenger, shredded cheeses FloAm® 500 CF; FloAm® 500 TF packing gas, carbonated beverages Carbon dioxide packing gas, food Carbon dioxide; Nitrogen palate cling inhibitor, chocolate Crillet 3 palate cling inhibtor, coatings Crillet 3 pan coating agent, confectionery Cargill Set 06530 pan coating agent, gums Cargill Set 06530 panned coating improver Tween® 60 Pharma pan oil, bakery doughs Citation™ 70; Citation™ 90 pan release agent Atlas® 5520; Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate pan release agent, bagels TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Lite Powder pan release agent, cakes TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Lite Powder pan release agent, high-fiber breads TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Lite Powder pantothenic acid source, dry foods Calcium Pantothenate USP, FCC pantothenic acid source, enrichment premixes Calcium Pantothenate USP, FCC paring agent, peeled fruits Ethanolamine paring agent, peeled vegetables Ethanolamine pasta improver TIC Pretested® Colloid Noodlizer Powder pathogen control agent, cured meats Purasal® S/SP 60 pathogen control agent, poultry prods. Purasal® S/SP 60 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pathogen control agent, reduced-fat prods. Purasal® S/SP 60 pathogen control agent, uncured meats Purasal® S/SP 60 pearlescent, food Propylene glycol stearate SE peeling agent, food Disodium capryloamphodiacetate; Maco-OLine 091 peeling agent, inj. brines Maco-O-Line 091 peeling agent, lye Sodium lactate pellagra preventive, cereal grain foods Niacin USP, FCC penetrant, baked goods Phosphatidylcholine penetrant, chocolate candy Phosphatidylcholine penetrant, clinical nutrition Capmul® MCM penetrant, food PEG-75 oleate; Phosphatidylcholine penetrant, food processing Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate penetrant, margarine Phosphatidylcholine penetrant, mayonnaise Phosphatidylcholine penetrant, nutritional prods. Witafrol® 7420 penetrant, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® MCM peptizing agent, cheese prods. Sodium acid pyrophosphate peptizing agent, frozen desserts Sodium acid pyrophosphate peptizing agent, meat prods. Sodium acid pyrophosphate peptizing agent, meat treating Sodium acid pyrophosphate pH adjuster, canned vegetables Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 pH adjuster, canned vegetables: gherkins Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80

2443

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 pH adjuster, canned vegetables: olives Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 pH adjuster, canned vegetables: onions Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 pH adjuster, canned vegetables: rasped carrots Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 pH adjuster, cider Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 pH adjuster, food Purac® CL 21/80 pH adjuster, semi-dried sausage/salami Rocarna pH adjuster, wine Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 phase separation control agent, nondairy creamers Coyote Stabilizer NJ-2 pH control agent Potassium citrate; SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40; SAPP 43 SAPP RD-1; Terra Alba; Thermal Select 75%/80%/85% (FG) pH control agent, angel food cake mixes Pentasodium triphosphate pH control agent, baby foods Gluconolactone

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pH control agent, baked goods Adipic acid; Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium hydroxide; Ammonium phosphate; Calcium acetate Calcium phosphate dibasic; Gluconolactone; Liquinat®; Mold-Out®; Potassium acid tartrate Potassium bicarbonate; Potassium hydroxide; Sodium diacetate; L-Tartaric acid; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) flour pH control agent, baking powder Adipic acid; Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium phosphate; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium phosphate Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; L-Tartaric acid pH control agent, beer malting Hydrochloric acid; Potassium chloride pH control agent, beverages Adipic acid; Sodium citrate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Succinic acid; Trisodium citrate pH control agent, black olives Potassium hydroxide pH control agent, breads Mold-Out® pH control agent, cake mixes Calcium acetate; Potassium bisulfate pH control agent, cakes Mold-Out®; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic pH control agent, candy N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Potassium acid tartrate; Sodium Bicarbonate Fine Granular USP/FCC pH control agent, canned food Gluconolactone pH control agent, canned ham Pentasodium triphosphate pH control agent, canned peas Pentasodium triphosphate pH control agent, caramel Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium hydroxide; Potassium phosphate pH control agent, carbonated beverages Carbon dioxide pH control agent, cereal prods. Calcium phosphate dibasic pH control agent, cheese processing Potassium phosphate

2444

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference pH control agent, cheeses Ammonium hydroxide; Lactic acid; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Sodium tartrate Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate pH control agent, chewing gum N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Potassium tripolyphosphate pH control agent, cocoa Potassium hydroxide pH control agent, coffee whiteners Disodium citrate pH control agent, condiments Adipic acid; Succinic acid pH control agent, confectionery Lactic acid; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium lactate; Trisodium citrate pH control agent, cookies Ammonium bicarbonate pH control agent, crackers Ammonium bicarbonate pH control agent, cream of tartar L-Tartaric acid pH control agent, cultured buttermilk Disodium citrate pH control agent, cultured dairy prods. Lactic acid pH control agent, cured meat prods. Disodium citrate; Gluconolactone pH control agent, dairy prods. Adipic acid; Gluconolactone; Potassium hydroxide; Sodium sesquicarbonate pH control agent, dessert mixes Gluconolactone pH control agent, desserts Pentasodium triphosphate pH control agent, dietary drinks Potassium bicarbonate pH control agent, doughnuts Mold-Out® pH control agent, dressings Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 pH control agent, dried milk prods. Potassium bicarbonate pH control agent, dry mix beverages N-Hydroxysuccinic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pH control agent, dry mixes Magnesium carbonate pH control agent, edible oils Adipic acid pH control agent, effervescent beverages L-Tartaric acid pH control agent, evaporated milk Disodium citrate pH control agent, fats Adipic acid; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid pH control agent, fats/oils Liquinat®; Sodium tartrate pH control agent, fillings Calcium acetate pH control agent, fish prods. Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25; Galaflow PSL 60 75/25; Galaflow SPL 60 50/50 Galaflow SPL 60 60/40; Gluconolactone pH control agent, food Acetic acid; Acetic acid, glacial; Adipic acid; Ammonium acetate; Ammonium adipate Ammonium bicarbonate; Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium fumarate; Ammonium hydroxide; Ammonium lactate Ammonium DL-malate; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Ammonium polyphosphate; Calcium acetate; Calcium chloride Calcium citrate; Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate; Calcium fumarate; Calcium gluconate; Calcium hexametaphosphate Calcium hydroxide; Calcium lactate; Calcium malate; Calcium oxide; Calcium phosphate dibasic Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium polyphosphate; Calcium sulfate; Calcium sulfate dihydrate Calcium tartrate; Carbon dioxide; Dicalcium diphosphate; Dimagnesium diphosphate; Dipotassium diphosphate Disodium citrate; Ferrous carbonate; Fumaric acid; Galacid Excel 50; Galacid Excel 80 Galacid Excel 88; Galacid Feed 80 - XT; DGluconic acid; Gluconolactone; 1,4Heptonolactone 2445

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Hydrochloric acid; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Lactic acid; Liquinat®; Magnesium carbonate Magnesium carbonate hydroxide; Magnesium citrate; Magnesium gluconate; Magnesium hydroxide; Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S7 Light Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S9 Medium; Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S12 Heavy; Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S Xtra Light; Magnesium lactate; Magnesium oxide Magnesium phosphate dibasic; Magnesium phosphate monobasic; Magnesium phosphate tribasic; Mag-nificent; Metatartaric acid Niacet Calcium Acetate FCC; Niacet Sodium Diacetate FCC; Pentasodium triphosphate; Potassium acetate; Potassium acid tartrate Potassium adipate; Potassium alum anhydrous; Potassium bicarbonate; Potassium bisulfate; Potassium carbonate Potassium chloride; Potassium diacetate; Potassium dihydrogen citrate; Potassium fumarate; Potassium hydrogen malate Potassium hydroxide; Potassium lactate; Potassium phosphate; Potassium phosphate dibasic; Potassium phosphate tribasic Potassium polyphosphate; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Purasal® S/PF 60 Purasal® S/SP 60; Sodium acetate anhydrous; Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Sodium adipate; Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic Sodium aluminum phosphate basic; Sodium bicarbonate; Sodium Bicarbonate Fine Granular USP/FCC; Sodium calcium polyphosphate; Sodium carbonate Sodium citrate; Sodium diacetate; Sodium fumarate; Sodium hydrogen malate; Sodium hydroxide Sodium lactate; Sodium malate; Sodium phosphate tribasic; Sodium polyphosphate; Sodium sesquicarbonate Sodium sulfate; Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Succinic acid; Tannic acid L-Tartaric acid; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate; Tetrasodium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pyrophosphate; Trisodium citrate; Trisodium diphosphate pH control agent, food colors Sodium Bicarbonate Fine Granular USP/FCC pH control agent, food conditioners Sodium Bicarbonate Fine Granular USP/FCC pH control agent, food processing Idromag® ERB; Idromag® ERM pH control agent, frankfurters Gluconolactone pH control agent, frostings SAPP-NL pH control agent, frozen desserts Adipic acid; Ammonium phosphate; Magnesium hydroxide pH control agent, frozen vegetables Potassium hydroxide pH control agent, fruit prods. Potassium malate pH control agent, fruits Calcium hydrogen malate; NHydroxysuccinic acid pH control agent, gelatin Adipic acid; Calcium acetate; NHydroxysuccinic acid; Potassium acid tartrate pH control agent, gelatin desserts L-Tartaric acid pH control agent, gelling juices Pentasodium triphosphate pH control agent, Genoa salami Gluconolactone pH control agent, gravies Adipic acid pH control agent, hot sausages Succinic acid pH control agent, ice cream Potassium hydroxide pH control agent, icings SAPP-NL pH control agent, infant formulas Magnesium oxide; Magnesium phosphate tribasic; Potassium chloride pH control agent, jams Calcium citrate; Calcium hydrogen malate; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium lactate; Potassium malate Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate 2446

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference pH control agent, jams/jellies N-Hydroxysuccinic acid pH control agent, jellies Calcium citrate; Calcium hydrogen malate; Potassium lactate; Potassium malate; Potassium sodium tartrate Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate pH control agent, lard N-Hydroxysuccinic acid pH control agent, malt Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate pH control agent, margarine Adipic acid; Ammonium phosphate; Disodium citrate; Liquinat®; Potassium bicarbonate Potassium carbonate; Potassium lactate pH control agent, marmalades Calcium citrate; Potassium lactate pH control agent, mayonnaise Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 pH control agent, meat Nutrifos® 100; Sodium acetate anhydrous pH control agent, meat processing Potassium phosphate pH control agent, meat prods. Adipic acid; Pentasodium triphosphate; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Sodium diacetate; Succinic acid pH control agent, meringues Pentasodium triphosphate pH control agent, miso Succinic acid pH control agent, nonalcoholic beverages N-Hydroxysuccinic acid pH control agent, oils Adipic acid pH control agent, olives Lactic acid pH control agent, pancake mixes Sodium aluminum phosphate acidic pH control agent, pita bread Mold-Out® pH control agent, pizza crusts Mold-Out® Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

pH control agent, pork Disodium citrate pH control agent, poultry Disodium citrate; Lactic acid; Nutrifos® 100; Potassium hydroxide pH control agent, poultry prods. Pentasodium triphosphate; Potassium tripolyphosphate pH control agent, preserved fruits Liquinat® pH control agent, processed cheeses Gluconolactone; Sodium aluminum phosphate basic pH control agent, processed fruits Ammonium hydroxide pH control agent, processed meats Nutrifos® 100 pH control agent, puddings Ammonium hydroxide; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Potassium acid tartrate pH control agent, relishes Succinic acid pH control agent, rolls Mold-Out® pH control agent, salads Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25; Gluconolactone pH control agent, sauces Calcium acetate; Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved Galacid Heat-Stable 80; Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25; Gluconolactone pH control agent, sausages Gluconolactone; Pentasodium triphosphate pH control agent, seafood Nutrifos® 100 pH control agent, shortening N-Hydroxysuccinic acid pH control agent, shrimp prods. Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25; Galaflow PSL 60 75/25; Galaflow SPL 60 50/50 Galaflow SPL 60 60/40

2447

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference pH control agent, snack foods Adipic acid pH control agent, soft drinks Calcium citrate; Liquinat®; Potassium hydroxide pH control agent, soups Potassium carbonate pH control agent, soy sauce Succinic acid pH control agent, spice preps. Gluconolactone; Sodium diacetate pH control agent, starches Sodium Bicarbonate Fine Granular USP/FCC pH control agent, sugar processing Calcium oxide pH control agent, syrups Calcium acetate pH control agent, table salt Magnesium carbonate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate pH control agent, toppings Calcium acetate pH control agent, tortillas Mold-Out® pH control agent, whipped toppings Ammonium phosphate pH control agent, wine Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Calcium citrate; NHydroxysuccinic acid; Lactic acid phosphatidylcholine source, dietetics Phosal® 53 MCT; Phospholipon® 90 G phosphatidylcholine source, gelatin capsules Phosal® 53 MCT phosphatidylcholine source, nutrients Phosal® 50 SA+; Phosal® 75 SA phosphorus source, beverages VersaCal™ DA phosphorus source, diet beverages Mag-nificent phosphorus source, food Albrite® Dicalcium Phosphate; VersaCal™ DA phosphorus source, food supplements COWCIUM® Natural Milk Calcium FG phosphorus source, geriatric patient food Caliment® Dicalcium Phosphate Milled phosphorus source, infant food Caliment® Dicalcium Phosphate Milled phosphorus source, infant formulas Mag-nificent Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

phosphorus source, invalid foods Caliment® Dicalcium Phosphate Milled phosphorus source, nutritional supplements A-TAB® phosphorus source, nutritional supplement tablets COWCIUM® Natural Milk Calcium FG pH regulator, confectionery Purac® LM 25 HiPure pH regulator, food Purac® CL 21 HiPure; Purac® PF 90; Purac® Fresh S; Purac® Fresh S39 pickling agent, baby foods Gluconolactone pickling agent, baked goods Gluconolactone pickling agent, canned foods Gluconolactone pickling agent, cheeses Lactic acid pickling agent, confectionery Lactic acid pickling agent, cultured dairy prods. Lactic acid pickling agent, cured meats Gluconolactone pickling agent, dairy prods. Gluconolactone pickling agent, dessert mixes Gluconolactone pickling agent, fish prods. Gluconolactone pickling agent, food Acetic acid; Calcium chloride; Gluconolactone; Lactic acid; Sodium carbonate Sorbitol; Sorbo® pickling agent, frankfurters Gluconolactone pickling agent, Genoa salami Gluconolactone pickling agent, olives Lactic acid pickling agent, poultry Lactic acid pickling agent, processed cheeses Gluconolactone pickling agent, salads Gluconolactone pickling agent, sauces Gluconolactone pickling agent, sausages Gluconolactone 2448

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference pickling agent, spice preps. Gluconolactone pickling agent, wine Lactic acid pie filling improver Methocel® K100M Premium pigment, boiled sweets Hombitan® FG pigment, chewing gum Hombitan® FG pigment, cigarette paper Hombitan® FG pigment, food Atomite®; CC™-103; Micro-White® 10 Slurry; Sicovit® Series pigment, instant drink granules Sicovit® Series pigment, sugar coatings Hombitan® FG pigment, TiO2 extender: food Altalc 500 USP pigment, TiO2 extender: tableting Altalc 500 USP pigment, wine Bentonite plasticizer Polyglyceryl-2 stearate plasticizer, baked goods Glycerin; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate; Sorbogem™ plasticizer, bakery mixes Lactylic stearate plasticizer, bakery pan oils Drakeol® 34 plasticizer, baking mixes Glyceryl oleate plasticizer, beverages Glyceryl oleate plasticizer, bubble gum bases Silvergum® RE 85K plasticizer, cake fillings Lactylic stearate plasticizer, cake icings Lactylic stearate plasticizer, cake mixes Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Sorbogem™ plasticizer, cakes Glyceryl palmitate lactate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

plasticizer, cake toppings Lactylic stearate plasticizer, candy Glycerin plasticizer, chewing gum Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glyceride; Acetylated hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride; Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides; Be Square® 175; Ester Gum 10D G-038; G-002; G-508; Glycerin; Glyceryl oleate Glyceryl rosinate; Hydrogenated microcrystalline wax; Lanolin; Pentaerythrityl rosinate; Rice (Oryza sativa) wax Stearic acid plasticizer, chewing gum bases Grindsted™ ACETEM; Lecigran™ F plasticizer, chocolate compds. Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids plasticizer, coffee whiteners Glyceryl oleate; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Lactylic esters of fatty acids plasticizer, confectionery Sorbogem™; Sorbogem™ 712; Sorbogem™ 834; Sorbogem™ 1162; Sorbogem™ 2016 Sorbogem™ Fines plasticizer, dairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids plasticizer, dehydrated fruit juices Lactylic esters of fatty acids plasticizer, dehydrated fruits Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate plasticizer, dehydrated vegetables Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate plasticizer, dehydrated vegetable juices Lactylic esters of fatty acids plasticizer, dry-roasted nuts Sorbogem™ plasticizer, fats Imwitor® 742 plasticizer, fillings Sorbogem™

2449

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference plasticizer, food Acetylated hydrogenated lard glyceride; Acetylated hydrogenated tallow glycerides; Britol® 6NF; Britol® 7NF; Britol® 9NF Britol® 20USP; Britol® 35USP; Britol® 50USP; Citrofol® BII; Distearyl citrate Glycerin; Glyceryl lactooleate; Glyceryl oleate; Glyceryl palmitate lactate; Glyceryl soyate Glyceryl triheptanoate; Klearol®; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Lactylic esters of fatty acids Lactylic stearate; Propylene glycol laurate; Radiamuls MG 2141; Radiamuls MG 2143; Radiamuls MG 2152 Radiamuls MG 2900; Rudol®; Sorbitol Sol'n. High Mannitol; Sorbogem™; Sorbogem™ 712 Sorbogem™ 834; Sorbogem™ 1162; Sorbogem™ 2016; Sorbogem™ Fines; Tristearyl citrate Uniplex 84 plasticizer, food supplements Sorbitol Special™ Polyol Solution plasticizer, food tablets PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9; PEG-10 PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-18; PEG-20; PEG-32 PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG-150; PEG180 Polyethylene glycol plasticizer, frozen desserts Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate; Sorbogem™ plasticizer, icings Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Sorbogem™ plasticizer, liquid shortening Lactylic esters of fatty acids plasticizer, low-fat prods. Glycerin plasticizer, marshmallows Glycerin plasticizer, masticatory agents: chewing gum bases Glyceryl hydrogenated rosinate plasticizer, meat prods. Glyceryl oleate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

plasticizer, migrating from food pkg. Acetyl tributyl citrate; p-t-Butylphenyl salicylate; n-Butyl phthalyl-n-butyl glycolate; Butyl stearate; Dibutyl sebacate Diethyl phthalate; s-Dioctyl phthalate; Diphenyl octyl phosphate; Distearyl citrate; Drapex® 6.8 Epoxidized soybean oil; Glyceryl oleate; Isopropyl citrate; Magnesium phosphate dibasic; Santicizer® 141 Seesorb 202; Stearyl citrate; Triacetin; Triethyl citrate; Tristearyl citrate Uniplex 84 plasticizer, nondairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids plasticizer, nutritional prods. Imwitor® 988; Witafrol® 7420 plasticizer, oleomargarine Distearyl citrate; Tristearyl citrate plasticizer, pudding mixes Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate plasticizer, rendered animal fats Glyceryl palmitate lactate plasticizer, shortening Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids plasticizer, soft gelatin capsules Sorbitol Special™ Polyol Solution plasticizer, stick gum bases Silvergum® RE 85K plasticizer, sugar coatings TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic NF/USP Powder plasticizer, surimi Sorbogem™ plasticizer, topping powders Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids plasticizer, toppings Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol plasticizer, vegetable oils Glyceryl oleate plasticizer, whipped toppings Glyceryl palmitate lactate pliability enhancer, flat bread FP600 pliability enhancer, tortillas FP600

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference pliability improver Proflex polishing agent DREWPOL 3-5-CC polishing agent, candy Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax polishing agent, confectionery Shellac polishing agent, food Drakeol® 10; Drakeol® 10B; Drakeol® 13; Drakeol® 15; Drakeol® 19 Drakeol® 21; Drakeol® 34; Drakeol® 35; Drakeol® 350; Drakeol® 32 Draketex 50; Ervol®; Fonoline® White; Fonoline® Yellow; Hydrobrite® 300PO Kaydol®; Microcrystalline wax; Mineral Jelly No. 10; Mineral Jelly No. 14; Mineral Jelly No. 17 Ointment Base No. 4; Ointment Base No. 6; Penreco Amber; Penreco Blond; Penreco Cream Penreco Lily; Penreco Regent; Penreco Royal; Penreco Snow; Penreco Super Penreco Ultima; Perfecta®; Petrolatum; Shellac; Sonojell® No. 4 Sonojell® No. 9; Super White Fonoline®; Super White Protopet® polishing agent, gum Shellac polishing agent, sweets Calcium silicate; Magnesium silicate polishing agent, tablet food supplements Shellac polysorbate replacement Santone® 8-1-O polysorbate replacement, gravies TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. polysorbate replacement, icings Polyaldo® TGMSH KFG polysorbate replacement, marinades TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. polysorbate replacement, pie fillings Polyaldo® TGMSH KFG polysorbate replacement, relishes TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. polysorbate replacement, salad dressings TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. polysorbate replacement, soups TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. polysorbate replacement, whipped toppings Polyaldo® TGMSH KFG

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

polyunsaturated fatty acid source Vitinc® Wheat Germ Oil pomace extraction aid Rapidase® pomace pectin recovery aid Rapidase® potassium source Potassium ascorbate potassium source, beverages Potassium citrate potassium source, dietary supplements Potassium caprylate potassium source, food Potassium citrate potassium source, meat prods. Potassium citrate potassium source, processed cheeses Potassium citrate potassium source, soft drinks Potassium citrate ppH control agent, gelatin Ammonium carbonate precursor, vitamin A: butter Carotene precursor, vitamin A: cheeses Carotene precursor, vitamin A: dairy prods. Carotene precursor, vitamin A: fats/oils Carotene precursor, vitamin A: food Carotene precursor, vitamin A: fruit juices Carotene precursor, vitamin A: ice cream Carotene precursor, vitamin A: infant formulas Carotene precursor, vitamin A: oleomargarine Carotene precursor, vitamin A: orange beverages Carotene precursor, vitamin A: processed fruits Carotene precursor, vitamin A: puddings Carotene predust, battered foods AmyloGel™ 03003 predust, breaded foods AmyloGel™ 03003 preservative Boric acid; 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline; Glycerin 2451

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference preservative adjunct, beverages Vitrafos® preservative adjunct, dairy prods. Vitrafos® preservative adjunct, food Vitrafos® preservative, alcoholic beverages Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil preservative, animal fats Dilauryl thiodipropionate; PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50; PhytroX® Tocomix L70 preservative, apples Sodium o-phenylphenate preservative, aq. foods Nipasept Sodium® preservative, baby prods. Sodium ascorbate preservative, bacon curing Potassium nitrite preservative, bagels Panosorb® preservative, baked goods Calcium acetate; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Methylparaben; PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15 PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50; PhytroX® Tocomix L70; Potassium sorbate Sodium chloride; Sodium diacetate; Sodium erythorbate; Sodium sorbate; Starplex® 90 preservative, bakery prods. Panosorb® preservative, bakery/snack glazes Crystal Tex™ 627 preservative, beef Sodium erythorbate preservative, beef patties t-Butyl hydroquinone preservative, beer Britesorb®; Britesorb® A 100; Britesorb® D300 Beer Stabilizer; Britesorb® D300CE Beer Stabilizer; Heptyl paraben Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben; Sodium sulfite preservative, beet sugar defoamers Formaldehyde preservative, beverages Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Dimethyl dicarbonate; Eribate®; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Methylparaben; Nutrinova® Potassium Sorbate Granules Vinsorb®; Nutrinova® Sorbic Acid; Potassium benzoate; Potassium sorbate; Probenz® PG Sodium erythorbate preservative, blended cheeses MicroGARD® MG 100 preservative, blended meats MicroGARD® MG 400 preservative, brandy Cupric sulfate anhydrous preservative, breads Calcium propionate; Fibrex®; PEG-40 stearate preservative, brewing Erythorbic acid; Potassium bisulfite preservative, buns Panosorb® preservative, butter Sodium chloride preservative, cake mixes Calcium acetate preservative, cakes Fructose; Potassium sorbate preservative, candy Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil preservative, canned fruits Fructose; Nisin preservative, canned goods Nisin preservative, carbonated beverages Carbon dioxide; Probenz® SG preservative, cereals Fructose preservative, cheeses Calcium propionate; Calcium sorbate; Potassium sorbate; Sodium chloride; Sodium sorbate preservative, cheese whey Hydrogen peroxide preservative, cheese wraps Caprylic acid preservative, chewing gum Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil preservative, citrus fruits Nipacide® OPP; o-Phenylphenol preservative, cod liver oil emulsions Sodium hypophosphite preservative, colorants Ascorbyl palmitate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference preservative, colorants: concentrate dairy prods. Calcium ascorbate preservative, colorants: meats Calcium ascorbate preservative, condiments Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Probenz® SG preservative, confectionery Calcium propionate; MicroGARD® MG 100; MicroGARD® MG 300; MicroGARD® MG 300; PhytroX® LT 10 PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50; PhytroX® Tocomix L70 Purity® FC; Superset® LV preservative, cooked meats Vascan preservative, corn processing Sulfur dioxide preservative, corn syrup Hydrogen peroxide preservative, cottage cheese MicroGARD® MG 100 preservative, cured meats Eribate®; Sodium ascorbate; Sodium erythorbate; Sodium nitrite preservative, curry powder Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil preservative, cut/peeled squash Dehydroacetic acid preservative, dairy prods. MicroGARD® MG 100; Nutrinova® Potassium Sorbate Granules; Vinsorb®; Nutrinova® Sorbic Acid; Sodium ascorbate preservative, Danish icings Sta-Freeze Icing Stabilizer preservative, dealcoholized wine Dimethyl dicarbonate preservative, dessert cups MicroGARD® MG 300 preservative, diabetic foods Fructose preservative, dietetic foods Fructose preservative, dips MicroGARD® MG 100 preservative, distilling spirits Cupric sulfate anhydrous preservative, donut icings Sta-Kleer 1000X Icing Stabilizer Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

preservative, dough skins Purity® FC preservative, dressings Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25 preservative, dried eggs Hydrogen peroxide preservative, dried fruits Sodium bisulfate preservative, dried meats t-Butyl hydroquinone; Isopropyl citrate preservative, drink mixes Covitol® F-350M preservative, dry cereals t-Butyl hydroquinone preservative, dry fish Sorbic acid preservative, dry food mixes Purity® 5; Purity® FC preservative, dry preps. Calcium Ascorbate USP FCC preservative, edible fats t-Butyl hydroquinone preservative, edible fats/oils Dilauryl thiodipropionate preservative, eggs Sodium silicate preservative, egg white Glucose oxidase preservative, English muffins Panosorb® preservative, fats/oils Evanstab® 12 preservative, fatty prods. Dilauryl thiodipropionate preservative, fermented malt beverages Heptyl paraben preservative, fillings Calcium acetate; Calcium propionate preservative, fish Eribate®; Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben Potassium sorbate preservative, fish prods. Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25; Galaflow PSL 60 75/25; Galaflow SPL 60 50/50 Galaflow SPL 60 60/40 preservative, flavors Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben preservative, flavors: food Distearyl citrate; Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Tristearyl citrate preservative, flavors: oleomargarine Distearyl citrate; Tristearyl citrate preservative, food Acetic acid; Acetic acid, glacial; Amfal-46; Ammonium persulfate; Anoxomer Arlac P®; Arlac S®; L-Ascorbic acid; Benzoic acid; Benzoyl peroxide Benzyl alcohol; Benzylparaben; Benzylparaben; BHA; BHT Biphenyl; Boric acid; t-Butyl hydroquinone; Butylparaben; Calcium acetate Calcium ascorbate; Calcium Ascorbate USP FCC; Calcium benzoate; Calcium bromide; Calcium disodium EDTA Calcium formate; Calcium hydrogen sulfite; Calcium propionate; Calcium sorbate; Calcium sulfite Calcium tartrate; Carbon dioxide; Carstab® DLTDP; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Cupric sulfate anhydrous Cyanox® LTDP; Dilauryl thiodipropionate; Dimethyl dicarbonate; Disodium EDTA; Eastman® Propionic Acid, Food Grade, Kosher Edetic acid; Erythorbic acid; Ethylparaben; Evanstab® 12; Ferulic acid Formic acid; Fructose; Fumaric acid; Glucose oxidase; Heptyl paraben Hexamethylenetetramine; Hydrogen peroxide; 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-tbutylphenol; Imazalil; Isobutylparaben Isopropyl citrate; Isopropylparaben; Lactoperoxidase; Lysozyme; Methylparaben Methyl/Propyl Parbens (3/1) NF; MicroGARD® MG 300; MicroGARD® MG 400; Myristalkonium chloride; Natamycin Nipabutyl; Nipabutyl; Nipabutyl Sodium; Nipabutyl Sodium; Nipacombin SK Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M; Nipagin M Sodium; Nipasol M

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nipasol M; Nipasol M Sodium; Nipasol M Sodium; Nipastat®; Nisin Nutrinova® Potassium Sorbate Granules; Vinsorb®; Nutrinova® Sorbic Acid; oPhenylphenol; Potassium acetate Potassium benzoate; Potassium bisulfite; Potassium butyl paraben; Potassium butyl paraben; Potassium diacetate Potassium ethylparaben; Potassium metabisulfite; Potassium nitrate; Potassium propionate; Potassium propylparaben Potassium sorbate; Potassium sulfite; Probenz® PG; Propionic acid; Propylene Glycol USP, FCC Propylparaben; Purac® Fresh S; Purac® Fresh S39; Purox B food/pharma; Quaternium-14 Salicylic acid; Seenox DL; Skim milk; Sodium acetate anhydrous; Sodium ascorbate Sodium Ascorbate USP, FCC; Sodium benzoate; Sodium bisulfate; Sodium bisulfite; Sodium butylparaben Sodium butylparaben; Sodium chloride; Sodium dehydroacetate; Sodium diacetate; Sodium erythorbate Sodium ethylparaben; Sodium formate; Sodium hypophosphite; Sodium lactate; Sodium metabisulfite Sodium methylparaben; Sodium nitrate; Sodium o-phenylphenate; Sodium phosphate; Sodium propylparaben Sodium sorbate; Sodium sulfite; Sorbic acid; Sporban Regular; Stannous chloride anhydrous Stannous chloride dihydrate; Stearalkonium chloride; Sucrose; Sulfur dioxide; Sulfurous acid Thiabendazole; 3,3´-Thiodipropionic acid; D-α-Tocopherol; d-δ-Tocopherol; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum 2,4,5-Trihydroxybutyrophenone; Zinc chloride preservative, food colorants Methylparaben preservative, food processing Chlorine; Eastman® Glacial Acetic Acid Food Grade, Kosher preservative, food processing defoamers Formaldehyde preservative, French style bakery prods. Panosorb® 2454

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference preservative, fresh pork Sodium erythorbate preservative, fresh salads Potassium sorbate preservative, fresh salsas MicroGARD® MG 300 preservative, fresh soups MicroGARD® MG 100 preservative, frostings Calcium propionate preservative, frozen prods. Fructose preservative, frozen sweet icings Sta-Freeze Icing Stabilizer preservative, fruit juices MicroGARD® MG 200; Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben Potassium sorbate preservative, fruits Eribate®; Ethylparaben; Sodium bisulfate; Sulfurous acid preservative, frying oils PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50 PhytroX® Tocomix L70 preservative, gelatin Calcium acetate; Calcium propionate preservative, glass-packed asparagus Stannous chloride anhydrous preservative, gum drops Superset® LV preservative, high-solids baked fillings Crystal Tex™ 627 preservative, ice cream Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil preservative, infant food oil blends PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50 PhytroX® Tocomix L70 preservative, infant formulas Cupric sulfate anhydrous preservative, jams Calcium propionate preservative, jellies Calcium propionate preservative, jelly bean centers Superset® LV preservative, jelly gum candies Superset® LV Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

preservative, lard Isopropyl citrate preservative, lemon juice Sodium bisulfate preservative, liquid egg yolks Glucose oxidase preservative, liquid whole egg Glucose oxidase preservative, low-alcohol wine Dimethyl dicarbonate preservative, low-fat prods. MicroGARD® MG 200; MicroGARD® MG 400 preservative, low-fat spreads Nutrinova® Potassium Sorbate Granules; Vinsorb®; Nutrinova® Sorbic Acid preservative, margarine t-Butyl hydroquinone; t-Butyl hydroquinone; Calcium benzoate; Calcium sorbate; Nutrinova® Potassium Sorbate Granules Vinsorb®; Nutrinova® Sorbic Acid; Potassium benzoate; Potassium sorbate; Sodium sorbate preservative, mayonnaise Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25; PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15 PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50; PhytroX® Tocomix L70 preservative, meat Ammonium acetate; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Eribate®; Sodium acetate anhydrous; Sodium bisulfate Sorbic acid preservative, meat prods. Sodium diacetate; Sodium nitrite preservative, milk Hydrogen peroxide; Methylparaben preservative, natural: dairy prods. MicroGARD® MG Guardian 300 CM1-50 preservative, noncarbonated fruit drinks Heptyl paraben preservative, noncarbonated soft drinks Heptyl paraben preservative, noodles Purity® FC

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference preservative, nuts Sodium chloride; Sulfurous acid preservative, oleomargarine Isopropyl citrate preservative, opaque cinnamon roll icings Sta-Kleer 1000X Icing Stabilizer preservative, panned confectionery Crystal Tex™ 627 preservative, pasta MicroGARD® MG 200 preservative, pasta/pizza sauces MicroGARD® MG 200; MicroGARD® MG 300 preservative, pasteurized cheese spreads Nisin preservative, pet foods Propylene Glycol USP, FCC preservative, pickled goods Potassium sorbate preservative, pickles Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben preservative, pizza Panosorb® preservative, pizza toppings t-Butyl hydroquinone preservative, post-harvest: feed 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline preservative, post-harvest: food 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline preservative, potato chips t-Butyl hydroquinone preservative, poultry t-Butyl hydroquinone; Sodium chloride; Sodium erythorbate preservative, poultry curing Potassium nitrite preservative, poultry fats Isopropyl citrate; Tenox® PG preservative, powdered juices Fructose preservative, prepared meats Sodium ascorbate preservative, preserved fruits Probenz® SG preservative, preserved fruit fillings Probenz® SG preservative, preserved fruit jams Probenz® SG

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

preservative, preserved fruit juices Probenz® SG preservative, preserved fruit syrups Probenz® SG preservative, preserves Ethylparaben preservative, pretzels Panosorb® preservative, puddings Calcium propionate preservative, red meat curing Potassium nitrite preservative, refrigerated dips MicroGARD® MG 400 preservative, refrigerated salad dressings MicroGARD® MG 200; MicroGARD® MG 300; MicroGARD® MG 400 preservative, refrigerated sauces MicroGARD® MG 400 preservative, rolls Panosorb® preservative, salad dressings Potassium sorbate preservative, salads Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80 Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25; Probenz® SG; Vascan preservative, sauces Calcium acetate; Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved Galacid Heat-Stable 80; Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25; MicroGARD® MG 100 Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium; Potassium ethylparaben; Vascan preservative, sausage casings Propylparaben preservative, sausages t-Butyl hydroquinone; Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) oil; Isopropyl citrate preservative, shortening Isopropyl citrate preservative, shrimp prods. Galacid Food 80; Galacid Food 80 Improved; Galacid Food 88; Galacid Food 88 Improved; Galacid Heat-Stable 80

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Galacid Heat-Stable 88; Galacid Heat-Stable 90; Galacid Powder 25; Galaflow PSL 60 75/25; Galaflow SPL 60 50/50 Galaflow SPL 60 60/40 preservative, silage Calcium formate preservative, slice/packaged breads Panosorb® preservative, smoked fish Sodium nitrite preservative, snack foods Propylene Glycol USP, FCC; Vascan preservative, soft candy Sodium propionate preservative, soft drinks Ethylparaben; Glucose oxidase; Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium preservative, soups MicroGARD® MG 200; MicroGARD® MG 300; MicroGARD® MG 400 preservative, sour dough prods. Panosorb® preservative, spice preps. Sodium diacetate preservative, starch Hydrogen peroxide preservative, surface: dry-cured sausages Premi®Coat preservative, syrups Calcium acetate; Calcium acetate preservative, tea Dimethyl dicarbonate; Hydrogen peroxide preservative, tobacco Calcium propionate; Sorbic acid preservative, toppings Calcium acetate preservative, transparent icings Quick-Tex W4 Icing Stabilizer; Quix Icing Stabilizer; Sta-Freeze Icing Stabilizer preservative, treated foods Snow Fresh® preservative, vegetables Eribate®; Sodium bisulfate preservative, vegetable extracts Nipastat® preservative, vegetable oils t-Butyl hydroquinone; Dilauryl thiodipropionate; PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50 PhytroX® Tocomix L70 preservative, wet salads MicroGARD® MG 300 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

preservative, whipped toppings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel preservative, whole citrus fruits Preventol® O Extra Flakes; Preventol® ON Extra Flakes preservative, wine Cupric sulfate anhydrous; Dimethyl dicarbonate; Hydrogen peroxide; Lactic acid; Methylparaben Nutrinova® Potassium Sorbate Granules; Vinsorb®; Nutrinova® Sorbic Acid; Potassium benzoate; Potassium sorbate Potassium sulfite; Sodium sulfite; Sulfurous acid preservative, wine vinegar Hydrogen peroxide preservative, yeast-leavened bakery prods. Nutrinova® Potassium Sorbate Granules; Vinsorb®; Nutrinova® Sorbic Acid preservative, yeast processing defoamers Formaldehyde preservative, yeast-raised cakes Panosorb® preservative, yogurt MicroGARD® MG 100; Nipagin A; Nipagin A Sodium; Nipagin M Sodium probiotic source, food Vitacel® Prolac processing aid Alcohol; Caramel; Casein; Copper; Diatomaceous earth Ethylene oxide; Hexane; Magnesium chloride; Papain; Poloxamer 122 Poloxamer 183; Poloxamer 215; SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40 SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1; Sipernat® 22 processing aid, alcoholic beverages Ethyl maltol processing aid, baked goods Ammonium hydroxide; Ammonium sulfate; Calcium acetate; Edicol®; Ethyl maltol Lactose; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium bicarbonate; Potassium hydroxide; Sodium stearoyl lactylate Whetpro®-75 processing aid, bakery prods. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Tapioca #1 processing aid, baking mixes Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate processing aid, baking powder Potassium acid tartrate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference processing aid, beer brewing Ammonium chloride; Bromelain; Calcium Sulfate Anhydrous NF 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 164; Calcium Sulfate BC 166 processing aid, beer malting Hydrochloric acid processing aid, beet juice/liquor processing Polymaleic acid; Polymaleic acid sodium salt; Poly (maleic anhydride), sodium salt processing aid, beverages Edicol®; Ethyl maltol; Star-Dri® 180 processing aid, black olives Potassium hydroxide processing aid, brandy Cupric sulfate anhydrous processing aid, breads Bromelain processing aid, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose processing aid, brewing Simethicone processing aid, butter Lactose processing aid, cake mixes Calcium acetate processing aid, cakes Fructose processing aid, candy Magnesium stearate; Maltodextrin; Potassium acid tartrate processing aid, cane sugar Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate processing aid, cane sugar juice/liquor processing Polymaleic acid; Polymaleic acid sodium salt; Poly (maleic anhydride), sodium salt processing aid, canned foods Amioca™; Edicol® processing aid, canned fruits Fructose processing aid, canned pet foods Aqualon® 7H4F processing aid, canned/retorted foods Shur-Fil® 427 processing aid, caramel Ammonium hydroxide processing aid, carbonated beverages Carbon dioxide processing aid, cereals Bromelain; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Fructose; Myverol 18-06PK; Whetpro®-75 Zymafilt® L-300 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

processing aid, cheese analog prods. Catalase; Edicol®; Whetpro®-75 processing aid, cheeses Ammonium hydroxide processing aid, chewing gum C*Eridex; Ethyl maltol processing aid, chunked/formed meats Lem-O-Fos® 101 processing aid, cocoa Potassium hydroxide processing aid, confectionery Algin; Dextrin; Ethyl maltol; Lactose; Potassium acid tartrate processing aid, confectionery: donut sugars AccuCoat® 05520 processing aid, confectionery: dusting starches AccuCoat® 05520 processing aid, confectionery: gummy candies AccuCoat® 05520 processing aid, confectionery: jelly beans AccuCoat® 05520 processing aid, confectionery: jelly slices AccuCoat® 05520 processing aid, confectionery: shaped candies AccuCoat® 05520 processing aid, confectionery: sugar coatings AccuCoat® 05520 processing aid, cooked meat prods. Lem-O-Fos® 101 processing aid, cooked snack foods Amioca™ processing aid, crackers Maltodextrin processing aid, cream Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, dairy prods. Potassium hydroxide processing aid, dehydrated potatoes Sodium stearoyl lactylate processing aid, desserts Sodium stearoyl lactylate processing aid, diabetic food Fructose processing aid, dietary drinks Potassium bicarbonate processing aid, dietetic food Fructose processing aid, distilling spirits Cupric sulfate anhydrous 2458

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference processing aid, dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose processing aid, dried milk prods. Potassium bicarbonate processing aid, dry food mixes Hoosier 5 processing aid, dry-mix cakes Pure Food Powder processing aid, dry-mix muffins Pure Food Powder processing aid, eggs Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, extruded foods Myverol 18-06PK processing aid, fermentation Silicone Antifoam Emulsion SE 9; Simethicone processing aid, fillings Calcium acetate; Pure Food Powder processing aid, foamed food prods. Helium processing aid, fondants C*Eridex processing aid, food Acacia; Acetone; Algin; Ammonia; Ammonium chloride Ammonium hydroxide; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Ammonium sulfate; Avatar® Amber Petrolatum; Avatar® Petrolatum SS Avatar® Snow White™; Avatar® Soft White™; Avatar® Yellow Petrolatum; Blandol®; Bromelain Calcium acetate; Calcium chloride; Calcium hydroxide; Calcium/sodium stearoyl lactylate; Calcium sulfate Carbohydrase; Carbon, activated; Carbon dioxide; Cobalt; Cupric sulfate anhydrous Cupric sulfate pentahydrate; Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; Dextrin; EO/PO block polymer or copolymer Ethyl maltol; Ferrous sulfate anhydrous; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Ficin; Fructose α-Galactosidase; Garlic (Allium sativum) extract; Hydrochloric acid; Hydrolyzed protein; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Iron; Kaolin; Lactose; Magnesium carbonate hydroxide; Magnesium hydroxide Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S7 Light; Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S9 Medium; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S12 Heavy; Magnesium Hydroxide 370-S Xtra Light; Magnesium oxide Magnesium stearate; Magnesium sulfate anhydrous; Maltodextrin; D-Mannitol; Meroxapol 105 Nickel; Nitrogen; Oregano; Oxyvac™; OxyVac™-S Ozone; Pationic® 925; Poloxamer 403; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium bicarbonate Potassium bisulfate; Potassium bromate; Potassium carbonate; Potassium hydroxide; Propylene glycol Rennet; Silica, amorphous; Silicone Antifoam Emulsion SE 9; Simethicone; Sodium carbonate Sodium caseinate; Sodium ferrocyanide; Sodium hydroxide; Sodium hydroxide; Sodium metasilicate Sodium methylate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Sodium sulfate; Sunmalt; Tannic acid Tetraethylenepentamine crosslinked with epichlorohydrin; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan 200 FCC/USP/NF Powd.; Trans-5; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten; Zein processing aid, food processing Glyceryl rosinate; Idromag® ERB; Idromag® ERM; Methyl rosinate processing aid, fresh beef Lem-O-Fos® 101 processing aid, fresh pork Lem-O-Fos® 101 processing aid, frostings Algin processing aid, frozen desserts Magnesium hydroxide; Myverol 18-06PK processing aid, frozen patties/fillets/minced fish Lem-O-Fos® 101 processing aid, frozen prods. Fructose processing aid, frozen vegetables Potassium hydroxide processing aid, fruit juices Algin processing aid, fruits Acetone processing aid, fumaric acid Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference processing aid, gelatin Algin; Ammonium sulfate; Calcium acetate; Potassium acid tartrate processing aid, gravies Curdlan processing aid, gum Magnesium stearate processing aid, half & half Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, hard candy Algin; Ethyl maltol processing aid, ice cream Algin; Ethyl maltol; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Myverol 18-06PK; Potassium hydroxide Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, icings Sodium stearoyl lactylate processing aid, industrially-processed bread/buns Doughmaster FR(V) processing aid, infant food Lactose processing aid, infant formulas Cupric sulfate anhydrous; Cupric sulfate pentahydrate; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate processing aid, instant potatoes Myverol 18-06PK processing aid, jams Potassium acid tartrate processing aid, juice production Vitiben® processing aid, low-calorie beverages C*Eridex processing aid, low-fat meats Curdlan processing aid, low-moisture food systems Hi-maize® 240 processing aid, margarine Lactose; Potassium bicarbonate; Potassium carbonate processing aid, meat Bromelain; Ethyl maltol; Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, microencapsulation: colors Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin processing aid, microencapsulation: flavors Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin processing aid, microencapsulation: vitamins Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin processing aid, mint Magnesium stearate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

processing aid, mixes Sodium stearoyl lactylate processing aid, pasta Dextrin; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Myverol 18-06PK; Whetpro®-75 processing aid, pet foods Myverol 18-06PK; Whetpro®-75 processing aid, pie fillings TIC Pretested® Colloid 787 Powder processing aid, pizza dough Dextrin processing aid, poultry Bromelain; Potassium hydroxide; Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, powdered juices Fructose processing aid, processed cheeses Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, processed fruits Ammonium hydroxide processing aid, puddings Ammonium hydroxide; Ammonium sulfate; Ethyl maltol; Maltodextrin; Potassium acid tartrate Sodium stearoyl lactylate processing aid, reduced-fat dressings Curdlan processing aid, salad dressings Edicol®; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose processing aid, salmonella reduction: poultry AvGard TSP processing aid, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose processing aid, sauces Algin; Calcium acetate; Curdlan; Hoosier 5 processing aid, sausage casings Butylene glycol processing aid, seafood Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, snack foods Dextrin; Myverol 18-06PK; Tapioca #1 processing aid, soft drinks Potassium hydroxide processing aid, soups Edicol®; Ethyl maltol; Hoosier 5; Potassium carbonate processing aid, spice oleoresins Acetone processing aid, sprayed food prods. Helium processing aid, syrups Calcium acetate 2460

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference processing aid, table syrups Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, toppings Algin; Calcium acetate processing aid, tortillas Benecel® MP 843 processing aid, vegetable dishes Curdlan processing aid, vegetables Acetone; Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, whey Soda Phos (FG) processing aid, wine Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Bentonite; Bromelain; Cupric sulfate anhydrous; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate Sodium ferrocyanide; Vitiben® processing aid, zero-calorie beverages C*Eridex process stability improver, dairy prods. Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307 process stability improver, dressings Binasol™ 15; Delta™ 7393 process stability improver, gravies Binasol™ 15; Delta™ 7393 process stability improver, sauces Binasol™ 15; Delta™ 7393 process stability improver, soups Binasol™ 15; Delta™ 7393 propellant, carbonated beverages Carbon dioxide propellant, dairy prods. Nitrous oxide propellant, foamed food prods. Butane; Chloropentafluoroethane; Helium; Isobutane; Octafluorocyclobutane Propane propellant, food Carbon dioxide; Dichlorodifluoromethane; Nitrogen; Nitrous oxide propellant, sprayed food prods. Butane; Chloropentafluoroethane; Helium; Isobutane; Octafluorocyclobutane Propane propellant, whipped cream Nitrous oxide protective agent, 'light-struck' flavor Tetrahop® protective agent, aromas Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

protective agent, bakery prods. Nisaplin®; Nisaplin® BS protective agent, beverages Nisaplin® protective agent, colorants: enriched flour Nicotinic acid protective agent, colorants: feed Nicotinic acid protective agent, colorants: food Nicotinic acid protective agent, colorants: infant formulas Nicotinic acid protective agent, dairy prods. Nisaplin® protective agent, flavors Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O protective agent, flavors: food Cavamax® W7 Food; Cavamax® W8 Food protective agent, food Britol® 6NF; Britol® 7NF; Britol® 9NF; Britol® 20USP; Britol® 35USP Britol® 50USP; Nisaplin®; Rudol® protective agent, food processing Protopet® Alba; Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® White 2L; Protopet® White 3C; Protopet® Yellow 2A protective agent, meat Nisaplin® protective agent, meat packing Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® Yellow 2A protective agent, natural meat color in meat prods. Super Salox protective agent, nondairy foods Nisaplin® ND protective agent, nutritional supplement tablets Corn protein; Vege-Coat protective barrier, coatings BatterCrisp™ 90240 protective coating, bakery prods. Mineral oil protective coating, beet sugar Mineral oil protective coating, cakes Polysorbate 60 protective coating, coffee whiteners Polysorbate 60 protective coating, confection coatings Polysorbate 60 protective coating, confectionery Mineral oil 2461

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference protective coating, dressings Polysorbate 60 protective coating, food Citation™ 70; Citation™ 90; Mineral oil; Polysorbate 60 protective coating, frozen meat Mineral oil protective coating, fruits Crodesta F-10; Crodesta F-110; Crodesta F160; Mineral oil protective coating, grains Mineral oil protective coating, pickles Mineral oil protective coating, potatoes Mineral oil protective coating, shortenings/edible oils Polysorbate 60 protective coating, sorbic acid Mineral oil protective coatings, tableting AA USP protective coatings, vitamins AA USP protective coating, vegetables Mineral oil protective coating, whipped toppings Polysorbate 60 protective colloid Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Genu® Pectin USP/200; Genu® Pectin USP-L/200 protective colloid, angel food cakes Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC protective colloid, baked goods Albumen; Edicol® protective colloid, bakery prods. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose protective colloid, beverages Edicol®; Genu® Pectins protective colloid, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose protective colloid, candy Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC protective colloid, canned foods Edicol® protective colloid, cheeses Edicol® protective colloid, chiffon pies Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

protective colloid, confectionery Albumen; Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra protective colloid, convenience beverages Genu® Pectin USP/100 protective colloid, convenience foods Genu® Pectins; Genu® Pectin USP/100 protective colloid, desserts Hydrolyzed gelatin protective colloid, dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose protective colloid, feeds Edicol® protective colloid, flavors Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra protective colloid, food Agar; Albumen; Cekol® 30; Cekol 150; Cekol® 300 Cekol® 500 T; Cekol® 700; Cekol® 2000; Cekol® 2000S; Cekol® 4000 Cekol® 10000; Cekol® 10000 I; Cekol® 30000; Cekol® 50000; Cekol® 100000 CMC Daicel; Genu® Pectins; Genu® Pectin USP/100; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Gum Arabic G-150 Powdered; Gum Arabic NF/FCC Clean Amber Sorts; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Klucel® 'F' Grades; Methocel® 310 Series; Methocel® E15LV; Methocel® J5MS; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Sammi Gelatine; Spray Dried Gum Arabic NF/FCC CS-R; Spray Dried 2462

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins; Walocel® HM 100000 PPA 2208 protective colloid, glazes Hydroxypropylcellulose protective colloid, health foods Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins protective colloid, ice cream Alginic acid; Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin; Gelatin; Hydrolyzed gelatin; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose protective colloid, jellies Hydrolyzed gelatin protective colloid, meal supplements Hydrolyzed gelatin protective colloid, meringues Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC protective colloid, milk proteins: cultured milk drinks Genu® JMJ protective colloid, milk proteins: milk/fruit juice drinks Genu® JMJ protective colloid, oils Hydroxypropylcellulose protective colloid, salad dressings Edicol®; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Purity® 270; Purity® 420; Purity® 550 protective colloid, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose protective colloid, sauces Purity® 420 protective colloid, soups Edicol® protective colloid, toppings Egg White Solids Type P-20; Egg White Solids Type P-20 CMC protective colloid, vitamin tablets Hydroxypropylcellulose protective colloid, whipped toppings Hydroxypropylcellulose protein, baked goods Amaranthus cruentus protein, cereals Amaranthus cruentus protein, cleaning/deodorizing: food processing Microcat® ECL protein, cleaning/deodorizing: meatpacking Microcat® ECL Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

protein, dressings Amaranthus cruentus protein enrichment Emulbesto 100 A; Emulbesto 100 E protein, flour Amaranthus cruentus protein, food Procon® 20/60-SL protein fortifier, food Rice protein; Whey protein protein fortifier, hypoallergenic protein prods. Rice protein protein modifier HT-Proteolytic® Conc.; Papain Concentrate; SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40 SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 protein modifier, meat Nutrifos® 100 protein modifier, pasteurized processed cheeses Emulsi-Phos 440™; Emulsi-Phos 660™; Emulsi-Phos 990™ protein modifier, poultry Nutrifos® 100 protein modifier, processed meats Nutrifos® 100; SAPP-NL protein modifier, seafood Nutrifos® 100 protein reactivity builder, bologna TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder protein reactivity builder, hot dogs TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder protein reactivity builder, injected meats TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-3161-F Powder protein reactivity builder, meat emulsions TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-3161-F Powder protein reactivity builder, meat marinades TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-3161-F Powder protein reactivity builder, meat TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder protein reactivity builder, pepperoni TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder protein reactivity builder, salami TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder protein reactivity builder, sausages TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder protein, snack foods Amaranthus cruentus protein source IPSO-C403; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted 2463

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Granules; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R80R Flour protein source, baked goods Pro-Fam® 955; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ protein source, bakery prods. Bar ENRICH™ 040; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets protein source, batter mixes Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #9 protein source, beef patties Procon® 20/60 protein source, beverages Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein; Supro XT™ Brand Isolated Soy Protein protein source, biscuits Calcium Caseinate S protein source, breading Puffed Amaranth protein source, breads Puffed Amaranth protein source, breakfast bars Bar ENRICH™ 040 protein source, breakfast cereals Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ protein source, cakes Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets protein source, catabolic enteral foods Pro V2 protein source, cereal prods. Calcium Caseinate S protein source, cereals Puffed Amaranth; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein protein source, clinical nutrition Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O protein source, confectionery Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets protein source, convalescent food prods. Magnesium caseinate protein source, cookies Puffed Amaranth; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets protein source, crackers Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets protein source, cream soups Calcium Caseinate S; IPSO-MR Dispersible Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

protein source, cultured dairy prods. Calcium Caseinate S protein source, desserts Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein protein source, diabetic prods. Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O protein source, dietary supplements Procol CLA protein source, dietetic foods Calcium Caseinate A; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ protein source, dry mixes CNP RPC70XFG protein source, edible: beer clarification Edible Beef Gelatin protein source, edible: dietetic prods. Edible Beef Gelatin protein source, edible: food Edible Beef Gelatin protein source, edible: juice clarification Edible Beef Gelatin protein source, edible: wine clarification Edible Beef Gelatin protein source, extruded snack foods Pro-Fam® 955 protein source, fermented meats Pro-Fam® 955 protein source, fish Arcon® T, Fortified Arcon T protein source, fish balls IPSO-MR Dispersible protein source, flavor-sensitive meat systems Supro® EX Isolated Soy Protein protein source, flour blends Defatted Wheat Germ #3; Defatted Wheat Germ #9 protein source, food Alomine 042; Autolyzed yeast; Dried egg yolk; Egg powder; Hentex-35 Lupine protein; Promax® 70; Promax® 70L; Puffed Amaranth; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein Vee Gee Beef Hide Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Bone Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Calf Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Fish Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins Vee Gee Porkskin Hydrolysate Gelatin; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ protein source, fortified foods Calcium Caseinate R; Procol CLA

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference protein source, fresh cheese prods. Pro-Fam® 955 protein source, frozen spaghetti Soybean (Glycine soja) protein protein source, functional foods Pro V2 protein source, geriatric food prods. Calcium Caseinate A; Magnesium caseinate protein source, ground meat: patties TVP, Fortified TVP protein source, ground meat prods. Arcon® T, Fortified Arcon T; Procon® 20/60 protein source, ground sausages Procon® 20/60 protein source, health foods Calcium Caseinate A; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins protein source, high protein tablets Pro-Fam® 955 protein source, hypoallergenic protein prods. CNP RPC70XFG protein source, infant food prods. Magnesium caseinate protein source, instant drink mixes Calcium Caseinate I protein source, instant drinks mixes Calcium Caseinate A protein source, leavened baked goods Supro Systems™ Vegetable Protein Product protein source, low-calorie prods. Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O protein source, meal replacements Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O; Pro V2 protein source, meatballs Procon® 20/60; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein protein source, meatloaf mixes TVP, Fortified TVP protein source, meat prods. Arcon® VF; EM LV; IPSO-MR Dispersible; Proplus® Brand Isolated Soy Protein Prod.; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein Supro® EX Isolated Soy Protein protein source, medicinal foods Pro V2; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein protein source, nondairy prods. Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein protein source, nutritional snack foods Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets protein source, nutrition bars Pro-Fam® 955 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

protein source, pasta Pro-Fam® 955; Supro® Brand Isolated Soy Protein protein source, post-chemo-therapy enteral foods Pro V2 protein source, post-radio-therapy enteral foods Pro V2 protein source, post-surgery enteral foods Pro V2 protein source, poultry Arcon® T, Fortified Arcon T; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein protein source, poultry prods. IPSO-MR Dispersible protein source, prepared foods CNP RPC70XFG protein source, processed meats Supro Systems™ Vegetable Protein Product protein source, protein bars Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O; Procol CLA protein source, protein drinks Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O; Procol CLA Vee Gee Beef Hide Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Bone Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Calf Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Fish Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Porkskin Hydrolysate Gelatin protein source, protein energy bars Vee Gee Beef Hide Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Bone Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Calf Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Fish Hydrolysate Gelatin; Vee Gee Porkskin Hydrolysate Gelatin protein source, sachet-packed high protein formulas Calcium Caseinate A protein source, sausages Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; TVP, Fortified TVP protein source, semidairy/nondairy fat concs. IPSO-FC protein source, slimming prods. Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O; Calcium Caseinate A Procol CLA

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference protein source, snack foods Bar ENRICH™ 040; Puffed Amaranth; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ protein source, sports foods Calcium Caseinate A protein source, sports nutrition Procol CLA protein source, sports recovery bars Pro V2 protein source, sports recovery beverages Pro V2 protein source, sports recovery prods. Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O protein source, spray-dried milk replacers IPSO-FC protein source, spray-dried processed food IPSO-FC protein source, stuffing Puffed Amaranth protein source, vegetarian foods TVP, Fortified TVP protein source, whipped toppings Soybean (Glycine soja) protein protein source, whole muscle meat prods. Pro Fam® H200 protein/starch complexing agent, food Amfal-46 protein supplement, bakery mixes Arise 8000™ protein supplement, bakery prods. Arcon® Plus 411; Arcon® S; Arcon® SK Fortified; Arcon® SM protein supplement, breadings Arise 8000™ protein supplement, breads Arise 8000™ protein supplement, breakfast cereals Arise 8000™ protein supplement, coarse ground meats Arcon® SJ protein supplement, cream-based sauces Arcon® S protein supplement, cream-based soups Arcon® S protein supplement, drink mixes LE 80 BT protein supplement, dry addition applics.: emulsified meat systems Arcon® SF protein supplement, emulsified meat prods. Arcon® SJ; Arcon® SK Fortified Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

protein supplement, food AC-130; AC-180; Arise 6000™; Centura A Gelatin; Hydrolyzed sodium caseinate Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein protein supplement, frozen bread doughs Arise 6000™; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein protein supplement, infant formulas Ardex F® protein supplement, meat Arcon® S protein supplement, nutritional applics. HLA-209 protein supplement, nutritional powdered drink bases Arcon® Plus 411; Arcon® S; Arcon® SK Fortified; Arcon® SM protein supplement, pan-baked bread Arise 6000™; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein protein supplement, processed dairy foods Ardex F® protein supplement, processed meats Arcon® Plus 411; Arcon® SM protein supplement, restructured meat Arcon® SH protein supplement, rolls Arise 8000™ protein supplement, snack foods Arise 8000™ protein supplement, special diet foods LE 80 BT protein supplement, specialty foods Arcon® F; Arcon® G; Arcon® VF; Ardex® F; Ardex® F Dispersible protein supplement, surimi analogs Arcon® SJ protein supplement, whole muscle inj. Arcon® SH proteolytic enzyme, food/cheese mfg. Pepsin 1:3000 Powder; Pepsin 1:6000; Pepsin 1:10,000 Powd. or Gran.; Pepsin 1:15,000 Powd. proteolytic enzyme, food Trypsin 1:75; Trypsin 1:80; Trypsin 1:150 proteolytic enzyme, meat tenderizers Pepsin 1:3000 Powder; Pepsin 1:6000; Pepsin 1:10,000 Powd. or Gran.; Pepsin 1:15,000 Powd. proteolytic enzyme, protein digestion Trypsin 1:75; Trypsin 1:80; Trypsin 1:150

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference provitamin A source, beverage supplements CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals provitamin A source, dietary supplements CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals provitamin A source, food supplements CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals provitamin A source, nutritional formulations CaroCare® Nat. β-Carotene 30% S; CaroPure® Crystals pulpiness enhancer, apple cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate pulpiness enhancer, melon cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate pulpiness enhancer, pineapple cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate pulpiness enhancer, tropical cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate pumpability improver, bakery fruit fillings Grindsted™ LBG purifying agent, cane sugar Dextranase L Amano purifying agent, citric acids Acticarbone®; Anticromos® purifying agent, dextrose Polyacrylic acid purifying agent, dextrose/beet sugar solutions Diaion® WA10 purifying agent, edible oils Acticarbone®; Anticromos® purifying agent, flavors Acticarbone®; Anticromos® purifying agent, food Calgon® Carbon Type BL®; Calgon® Carbon Type RB®; Diaion® WK10; Diaion® WK11; Diaion® WK100 Diaion® WT01S purifying agent, food processing Carbon, activated; Carbon black purifying agent, lactic acids Acticarbone®; Anticromos® purifying agent, sugar Ammonium phosphate, dibasic purifying agent, sugar/glucose syrups Acticarbone®; Anticromos® purifying agent, sugar sol'ns. Calgon® Carbon Type SGL® purifying agent, tartaric acid Acticarbone®; Anticromos® Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

purifying agent, vegetable oils Inositol-hexaphosphoric acid purifying agent, water Potassium alum dodecahydrate purifying agent, wine Acticarbone®; Anticromos® quality improver, biscuits Kleistase E5S quality improver, cookies Timeflex quality improver, crackers Kleistase E5S; Timeflex quality improver, fried foods Britesorb™ C935 quality improver, noodles Friendy M; Lecion LP-1 quality improver, pizza mfg. Timeflex raising agent Calcium phosphate tribasic; Lactic acid; Sodium metaphosphate raising agent, baked goods Calcium phosphate dibasic raising agent, cereal prods. Calcium phosphate dibasic raising agent, cheeses Tetrasodium pyrophosphate raising agent, dairy prods. Sodium sesquicarbonate raising agent, food Ammonium polyphosphate; L-Ascorbic acid; Calcium citrate; Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate; Calcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium polyphosphate; Dicalcium diphosphate; Dimagnesium diphosphate; Dipotassium diphosphate D-Gluconic acid; Potassium metaphosphate; Potassium phosphate dibasic; Potassium polyphosphate; Sodium calcium polyphosphate Sodium carbonate; Sodium fumarate; Sodium polyphosphate; Sodium sesquicarbonate; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate; Trisodium diphosphate rancidity inhibitor, animal fats Glycine

2467

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference rancidity inhibitor, semi-dried sausage/salami Rocarna rancidity inhibitor, vegetable fats Glycine rancidity retardant, fish Oleoresin rosemary rancidity retardant, food Oleoresin rosemary rancidity retardant, fried food Oleoresin rosemary rancidity retardant, mayonnaise Oleoresin rosemary rancidity retardant, sauces Oleoresin rosemary rancidity retardant, snack foods Oleoresin rosemary rancidity retardant, soups Oleoresin rosemary raw material, flavors Eastman® DEP raw material, fragrances Eastman® DEP reaction-control agent, synthetic polymers: chewing gum Sodium sulfide reagent, analytical: sucrose Invertase reagent, testing milk Acid blue 74; FD&C Blue No. 2 reduced-sodium replacement, cooking LoSalt reduced-sodium replacement, table use LoSalt reducing agent L-Ascorbic acid; Vitamin B12 1% Trituration reducing agent, beverages Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate reducing agent, bread doughs L-Cysteine reducing agent, bread prods. Beta-Tabs reducing agent, cheeses Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate reducing agent, cheese whey Hydrogen peroxide reducing agent, corn syrups Hydrogen peroxide reducing agent, dried eggs Hydrogen peroxide reducing agent, English muffins Beta-Tabs reducing agent, flour tortillas Beta-Tabs Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

reducing agent, food L-Cysteine; Hydrogen peroxide; Sodium thiosulfate anhydrous; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Stannous chloride anhydrous reducing agent, glass-packed asparagus Stannous chloride anhydrous reducing agent, jams Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate reducing agent, jellies Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate reducing agent, milk Hydrogen peroxide reducing agent, pie doughs Beta-Tabs reducing agent, pizza Beta-Tabs reducing agent, puff pastry Beta-Tabs reducing agent, starch Hydrogen peroxide reducing agent, table salt Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate reducing agent, tea Hydrogen peroxide reducing agent, wine vinegar Hydrogen peroxide reducing agent, yeast-leavened baked goods/mixes L-Cysteine reducing sugar source, food Glucidex 29 D refatting agent, food Monomuls® 90 O18 PH refatting agent, nutritionals Witafrol® 7420 refined sugar replacement, food EnergySmart® Granular; EnergySmart® Liquid refining agent, vinegar Albumen refining agent, wine Albumen refining aid, fat: rendered fats Diatomaceous earth rehydration aid, active dry yeast Glycomul® S KFG; Sorbitan 60 K; Sorbitan stearate rehydration aid, food Crill 3 NF; Glyceryl soyate; Radiamuls MG 2141; Radiamuls MG 2143; Radiamuls MG 2152 2468

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Radiamuls MG 2900 reinforcing agent Zeosyl® 110SD reinforcing agent, food Atomite®; Cab-O-Sil® HS-5; CC™-103; Micro-White® 10 Slurry; Micro-White® 25 Slurry Silica, fumed release agent Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Alcolec® PS 20 P; Alcolec® PS 40 P; Alcolec® PS 50 P; Beakin LV3 Calcium carbonate; Precept™ 8120™; Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® Yellow 2A; Thermolec 200 release agent, baked goods Brown 'N Serve™; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Delios® S; DPO™ 100 DPO™ 225; Emulpur™ N P-1; Hodag® S-35 K; Leciprime™ 1500; Lecithin LSC™ 3070; LSC™ 4060; LSC™ 5050; LSC™ 6040; LSC™ 6040B LSC™ 6040DB; Magnesium silicate; PanEze™; PanEze™ W; PanKote™ PanKote™ L; PanKote™ T; ProKote™ 135; ProKote™ 500; ProKote™ 552 ProKote™ 915; ProKote™ B; ProKote™ C; ProKote™ S; ProKote™ VO ProKote™ VS; ProPhos™; Solec™ A; TroKote™; TroKote™ Light TroKote™ V release agent, bakery pans Hydrogenated sperm oil release agent, bakery prods. Crodamol GTCC; Petrolatum; Tab Tex release agent, baking pans Bake-Well 52; Bake-Well 80/20 release agent, baking sheets Rolloff 100C release agent, band oven operations ProKote™ B release agent, batter flow control: baked goods Superspun release agent, belts: continuous cooking operations Solec™ E release agent, belts/hot or cold slabs Metarin™ 785-15K release agent, beverage powders Lecithin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

release agent, breads Magnesium silicate; Magnesium stearate; ProKote™ 552; ProKote™ 650; ProKote™ 915 ProKote™ V release agent, buns Bake-Well Bun Release; ProKote™ 552; ProKote™ 650; ProKote™ 915; ProKote™ V release agent, cakes PanKote™ L; PanKote™ T release agent, cake/sponge releases Rolloff 100C release agent, candy Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Koster Keunen Carnauba; Magnesium stearate release agent, cheeses Solec™ M; Solec™ W release agent, cheese sauces Centrophase® HR2B release agent, chewing gum G-038; G-002; G-508 release agent, chocolate Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K release agent, chocolate-covered candy Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K release agent, chutes TroKote™; TroKote™ Light release agent, cocoa Tristearin release agent, cocoa powder Lecithin release agent, coffee whiteners Hodag® S-35 K release agent, confectionery Caprylic/capric triglyceride; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 59-2; Carnauba Wax SP 63 Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light); Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200 Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine; Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine Citation™ 180; Delios® S; Delios® V; Delios® VK; Lamchem™ PE-113 Lamchem™ PE-130 K; LSC™ 3070; LSC™ 4060; LSC™ 5050; LSC™ 6040 LSC™ 6040B; LSC™ 6040DB; Magnesium silicate; Metarin™ 210-L; Petrolatum 2469

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference ProCon™; ProCon™ 7 NF; ProCon™ 9 NF; ProCon™ 350 USP; ProCon™ 8515 ProCon™ CP; ProCon™ EZE; ProCon™ S; ProCon™ VS; Tristearin release agent, container surfaces Aldo® MSD KFG release agent, continuous cooking systems Centrophase® HR4B release agent, conveyor belts Bake-Well 52; Bake-Well 80/20 release agent, conveyor belts: confectionery Glyceryl trienanthate release agent, conveyor belts in the prod. of sweets Special Oil 107 release agent, cooking oils Oxystearin release agent, dairy prods. Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs. release agent, deep fat fryer systems Centrophase® HR4B release agent, dehydrated fruits Petrolatum release agent, dehydrated vegetables Petrolatum release agent, delicately flavored food systems Solec™ M; Solec™ W release agent, desserts Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil release agent, dough: tortillas Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K100M Premium release agent, dried fruit Delios® S; Delios® V; Delios® VK release agent, egg white solids Petrolatum release agent, extruded seafood prods. Methocel® E4M Premium EP release agent, fats/oils Tristearin release agent, flavor: gravies Vis*Quick® 21 release agent, flavors Akucell® AF 3295 release agent, flavors: bakery fillings Vis*Quick® 21 release agent, flavors: bakery icings Vis*Quick® 21

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

release agent, flavors: broths Vis*Quick® 21 release agent, flavors: chocolate milk drinks Milkvis CM™ release agent, flavors: confectionery Vis*Quick® 21 release agent, flavor-sensitive drinks Solec® C release agent, flavor-sensitive food Solec® C release agent, flavors: frozen dairy desserts Vis*Quick® 21 release agent, flavor: soups Vis*Quick® 21 release agent, flavors: salad dressings Vis*Quick® 21 release agent, flavors: sauces Vis*Quick® 21 release agent, flavor: syrups Vis*Quick® 21 release agent, flavor: toppings Vis*Quick® 21 release agent, flour confectionery Crodamol GTCC release agent, food Alcolec® BS; Alcolec® Granules; Alcolec® S; Avagel™ 530; Avatar® Amber Petrolatum Avatar® Petrolatum SS; Avatar® Snow White™; Avatar® Soft White™; Avatar® Yellow Petrolatum; Britol® 6NF Britol® 7NF; Britol® 9NF; Britol® 20USP; Britol® 35USP; Britol® 50USP Bro-Eze; Bro-Eze III; Calcium stearate; Caprylic/capric acid; Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 592; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light) Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine; Castor (Ricinus communis) oil; Centrophase® HR2B Centrophase® HR4B; Chemstat® G-118/52; Citation™ 55; Citation™ 55S; Citation™ 100 Citation™ 130; Citation™ 150; Citation™ 210; Citation™ 280; Citation™ 350 Citation™ 550; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Divider Oil # 90; Divider Oil #200; Divider Oil # 210 2470

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Drakeol® 10; Drakeol® 10B; Drakeol® 13; Drakeol® 15; Drakeol® 19 Drakeol® 21; Drakeol® 34; Drakeol® 35; Drakeol® 350; Drakeol® 32 Draketex 50; Emulpur™ N P-1; Ervol®; Fonoline® White; Fonoline® Yellow Hodag® S-35 K; Hydrobrite® 300PO; Hydrogenated poly-1-decene; Hydrogenated stearic acid; Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides phosphate Hystrene® 5016 NF FG; Hystrene® 7018 FG; Hystrene® 9718 NF FG; Imperial 400; Industrene® 226 FG K Industrene® 5016 NF; Industrene® 7018 FG; Kaydol®; Klearol®; Koster Keunen Carnauba Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Lecisperse™ 3236; Lecithin; Magnesium caprate Magnesium carbonate hydroxide; Magnesium oxide; Magnesium stearate; DMannitol; Microcrystalline cellulose Microcrystalline wax; Mineral Jelly No. 10; Mineral Jelly No. 14; Mineral Jelly No. 17; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs.; Ointment Base No. 4; Ointment Base No. 6; Oleyl alcohol; Organolatum™ Oxystearin; Penreco Amber; Penreco Blond; Penreco Cream; Penreco Lily Penreco Regent; Penreco Royal; Penreco Snow; Penreco Super; Penreco Ultima Perfecta®; Petrolatum; Polymuls® PGPR; Rice (Oryza sativa) wax; Rolloff 200 Ross Carnauba Wax; Slip-Ayd® SL 506; Slip-Ayd® SL 508; S-Nauba #1-120; SNauba #1 Flake S-Nauba #3-120; S-Nauba #3 Flake; SNauba 5021; So-Free; Solec™ A Solec™ E; Solec® HR; Sonojell® No. 4; Sonojell® No. 9; Sorbitol Sorbo®; Soy acid; Struktol® Calcium Stearate; Struktol® TR 016; Super White Fonoline® Super White Protopet®; Tab Tex; Talc; Tallow acid; Tristearin release agent, food processing Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glyceride; Imperial 400 release agent, food spray releases Solec® 152

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

release agent, fresh fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax release agent, frozen desserts Hodag® S-35 K release agent, fruit coatings Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 592; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light) Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine release agent, gravies Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax release agent, gum Magnesium stearate release agent, hard candies/brittles ProCon™ 8515 release agent, hard candy Castor (Ricinus communis) oil release agent, high-speed egg baking/frying ProKote™ S release agent, imitation chocolate Tristearin release agent, indented trays Rolloff 100C release agent, infant formulas Magnesium oxide release agent, instantizing milk powders Solec™ E release agent, kettle: hard candies ProCon™ CP release agent, margarine Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil release agent, meat prods. Lecithin release agent, migrating from food pkg. Chemstat® HTSA #18; Chemstat® HTSA #18S; Dimethicone; Ethylene distearamide; Kemamide® S Kemamide® U; Kemamide® W-39; Oleamide; Palmitamide; Polydimethylsiloxane Stearamide; Struktol® TR 141 release agent, mint Magnesium stearate release agent, mold Bake-Well 52; Bake-Well 80/20 release agent, mold: baked goods Thermolec 57

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference release agent, mold: beet sugar Mineral oil release agent, mold: compressed confectionery Trimyristin release agent, mold: confectionery Aldo® MS#2 Special KFG; Mineral oil; Thermolec 57 release agent, mold: dairy prods. Thermolec 57 release agent, mold: food AP™ 125; AP™ 135; AP™ 145; AP™ 150; Beakin LV1 Mineral oil release agent, mold: frozen meat Mineral oil release agent, mold: fruits Mineral oil release agent, mold: grains Mineral oil release agent, mold: instant beverage mixes Thermolec 57 release agent, mold: instant foods Thermolec 57 release agent, mold: molded foods Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides release agent, mold: pickles Mineral oil release agent, mold: potatoes Mineral oil release agent, mold: sorbic acid Mineral oil release agent, mold: spray oils Beakin LV1 release agent, mold: vegetables Mineral oil release agent, nonaq. food processing Masil® SF 5; Masil® SF 10; Masil® SF 100; Masil® SF 200; Masil® SF 350 Masil® SF 350 FG; Masil® SF 500; Masil® SF 1000; Masil® SF 5000; Masil® SF 10,000 Masil® SF 60,000; Masil® SF 1,000,000 release agent, nondairy creamers Centrophase® HR2B release agent, oil-based aerosol sprays Solec® 152 release agent, oleomargarine Lecithin release agent, oven bands Rolloff 100C

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

release agent, pan Admul WOL 1403; Bake-Well All Vegetable High Stability Pan Oil; Beakin LV2; Beakin LV30; Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate release agent, pan: baked goods Thermolec 57 release agent, pan: baking Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Midsol™ 1 release agent, pan: buns Tandem® 552 release agent, pan: confectionery Thermolec 57 release agent, pan: dairy prods. Thermolec 57 release agent, pan: food Beakin LV4 release agent, pan: instant beverage mixes Thermolec 57 release agent, pan: instant foods Thermolec 57 release agent, pans Rolloff 100C release agent, plastics G-038; G-002; G-508 release agent, poultry Lecithin release agent, precooked waffles Precept™ 8140™ release agent, processed fruits Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax release agent, processing Coconad RK release agent, rolls ProKote™ 552; ProKote™ 650; ProKote™ 915; ProKote™ V release agent, salad oils Oxystearin release agent, sausage casings Dynacet® 285 release agent, shortening Centrophase® HR2B; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Hodag® S-35 K; Lecithin release agent, slab/belt/kettle: confectionery ProCon™ SM release agent, soft candy Carnauba (Copernica cerifera) wax; Monoand diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs. release agent, spreads LSC™ 3070; LSC™ 4060; LSC™ 5050; LSC™ 6040; LSC™ 6040B 2472

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference LSC™ 6040DB release agent, stainless steel band ingred. processing: cookies ProKote™ 135 release agent, stainless steel band ingred. processing: granola bars ProKote™ 135 release agent, sugar-coated snacks Precept™ 8140™ release agent, sugar confectionery Crodamol GTCC release agent, sweets Calcium silicate; Magnesium silicate; PanKote™ release agent, tableting AA USP release agent, tablet molds Imperial 400 release agent, tablets Microcrystalline cellulose release agent, thin-film applics. TroKote™ V release agent, thin-film release: bagels ProKote™ B release agent, thin-film release: cookies ProKote™ B release agent, thin-film release: crackers ProKote™ B release agent, thin-film release: pizza shells ProKote™ B release agent, troughs TroKote™; TroKote™ Light release agent, vitamins AA USP release agent, waffle irons ProKote™ S35 release agent, waffles Emulthin M-35; Lecigran™ 5750 release agent, whipped toppings Hodag® S-35 K release/antisticking agent, food Succinic anhydride release emulsion, craft baker Starspray release emulsion, highvolume prod. lines: bread prods. Greetin release emulsion, in-store Starspray release oil, pan: bakery Drakeol® 35; Drakeol® 350 removal aid, aq. food Divinylbenzene-ethylstyrene copolymer Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

removal aid, color: bottled drinking water treatment Ozone removal aid, visceral mass: clam processing Carbohydrase removal aid, visceral mass: shrimp processing Carbohydrase rendering agent, fat: food Sodium carbonate rennet substitute, cheesemaking Pepsin resin, cation exchange: cane sugar refining Polymethacrylate resin, cation exchange: food purification Polymethacrylate resin, hard thermoplastic: chewing gum Ester Gum 8D-SP retardant, tablets Trimyristin retention aid, color: canned peas Disodium EDTA retention aid, cooked out juices Pentasodium triphosphate; Potassium phosphate; Potassium phosphate dibasic; Sodium hydroxide; Sodium lactate Sodium metaphosphate retention aid, desserts Nutrifos® 088 retention aid, flavor: spray-dried flavors TIC Pretested® Arabic FT-1 Powder retention aid, meat Nutrifos® 088 retention aid, natural juices: beef roasts Curafos® 11-2 retention aid, natural juices: cured meat prods. Curafos® 11-2 retention aid, natural juices: fabricated meat Curafos® 11-2 rheology control agent, aq. solutions Walocel® HM 15 PA; Walocel® HM 50 PA; Walocel® HM 100 PA; Walocel® HM 400 PA; Walocel® HM 1500 PA Walocel® HM 4000 PA; Walocel® HM 15000 PA; Walocel® HM 100000 PA rheology control agent, baked goods Edicol® rheology control agent, bakery prods. NovaXan 80 rheology control agent, beverages Edicol® 2473

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference rheology control agent, canned foods Edicol® rheology control agent, cheeses Edicol® rheology control agent, dough Merigel 100 rheology control agent, food Benecel® Methylcellulose; Cab-O-Sil® H-5; Cab-O-Sil® HS-5; Cab-O-Sil® M-5; Cab-OSil® M-5P Carboxymethylmethylcellulose; NovaXan 200; Silica, fumed; Zeothix® 265 rheology control agent, salad dressings Edicol® rheology control agent, sauces Crystal Tex™ 644 rheology control agent, soups Crystal Tex™ 644; Edicol® rheology modifier, chocolate coatings DREWPOL PGPR rheology modifier, food Arise 6000™; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein rheology modifier, frozen bread doughs Arise 6000™; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein rheology modifier, pan-baked bread Arise 6000™; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein riboflavin source, food Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium riboflavin source, infant formulas Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium riboflavin source, instant dry foods Riboflavin-5´-Phosphate Sodium USP, FCC riboflavin source, milk prods. Riboflavin-5´-phosphate sodium rubber-texture reduction aid SeaKem® GP-418 saccharifying agent, starch Clarase® Conc.; Multifect AA 16L salt substitute, beer malting Potassium chloride salt substitute, dietetic prods. Calcium citrate; Potassium sulfate salt substitute, food Calcium glutamate; L-Glutamic acid; LGlutamic acid hydrochloride; Potassium chloride; Potassium glutamate salt substitute, infant formulas Potassium chloride

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

salt substitute, meat Ammonium glutamate; Potassium glutamate salt substitute, poultry Ammonium glutamate salt substitute, sodium-free diets Potassium citrate sandiness inhibitor, ice cream Fructose sanitizer, beverage processing Myristalkonium chloride sanitizer, food processing Myristalkonium chloride saponifier Sodium metasilicate savory, beverages Veg-Dry Celery, Roasted savory, food Veg-Dry Carrot, Roasted; Veg-Dry Celery, Roasted; Veg-Dry Mirepoix; Veg-Dry Onion, Roasted scale control agent, beet sugar juice/liquor Acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer; Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer; Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer scale control agent, cane sugar juice/liquor Acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer; Acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer; Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer; Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer; Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer Acrylic acid/acrylamide copolymer scale control agent, minerals: beet juice evaporation Polywet® ND-2; Polywet® ND-35; Polywet® WTC 6512; Polywet® Z-1766 scale control agent, minerals: cane sugar juice evaporation Polywet® ND-2; Polywet® ND-35; Polywet® WTC 6512; Polywet® Z-1766 scale control agent, mineral: beet sugar juice/liquor Sodium polyacrylate-acrylamide resin scale control agent, mineral: beet sugar processing Sodium polyacrylate scale control agent, mineral: cane sugar juice/liquor Sodium polyacrylate-acrylamide resin scale control agent, mineral: cane sugar processing Sodium polyacrylate 2474

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference scale control agent, organic: beet sugar juice/liquor Sodium polyacrylate-acrylamide resin scale control agent, organic: cane sugar juice/liquor Sodium polyacrylate-acrylamide resin scale inhibitor, food-contact boiler water Acumer® 1000; Acumer® 1850; Acumer® 9300; Sodium polycarboxylate; Tamol® 850 Tamol® 960 scale inhibitor, juice evaporators Magox® Sugar Grade scale inhibitor, juice heaters Magox® Sugar Grade scale inhibitor, juice lines Magox® Sugar Grade scale inhibitor, mineral: beet juice/liquor processing Polymaleic acid; Polymaleic acid sodium salt; Poly (maleic anhydride), sodium salt scale inhibitor, mineral: cane sugar juice/liquor processing Polymaleic acid; Polymaleic acid sodium salt; Poly (maleic anhydride), sodium salt scavenger, trace metal: food Citric acid sealant, bakery prods. Mineral oil sealant, beet sugar Mineral oil sealant, confectionery Mineral oil sealant, food Drakeol® 10; Drakeol® 10B; Drakeol® 13; Drakeol® 15; Drakeol® 19 Drakeol® 21; Drakeol® 34; Drakeol® 35; Drakeol® 350; Drakeol® 32 Draketex 50; Ervol®; Fonoline® White; Fonoline® Yellow; Hydrobrite® 300PO Kaydol®; Mineral Jelly No. 10; Mineral Jelly No. 14; Mineral Jelly No. 17; Mineral oil Ointment Base No. 4; Ointment Base No. 6; Penreco Amber; Penreco Blond; Penreco Cream Penreco Lily; Penreco Regent; Penreco Royal; Penreco Snow; Penreco Super Penreco Ultima; Perfecta®; Petrolatum; Sonojell® No. 4; Sonojell® No. 9 Super White Fonoline®; Super White Protopet®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sealant, frozen meats Mineral oil sealant, fruits Mineral oil sealant, grains Mineral oil sealant, pickles Mineral oil sealant, potatoes Mineral oil sealant, sorbic acid Mineral oil sealant, sugar-coated confectionery Mastercote FP 9072 sealant, vegetables Mineral oil seasoning Inosinic acid; Onion powder seasoning, baked goods Sodium chloride seasoning, butter Sodium chloride seasoning, cheeses Sodium chloride seasoning, food Sodium chloride; Sodium malate seasoning, fruits Calcium hydrogen malate seasoning, jams Calcium hydrogen malate seasoning, jellies Calcium hydrogen malate seasoning, nuts Sodium chloride seasoning, poultry Sodium chloride sensory property enhancer, potato-based food prods. Lamemul® K 2000-Range separating agent, baked goods Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 00; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 separating agent, beverages Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600-30 separating agent, condensed goods Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose EPG 70 separating agent, diet prods. Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600-30 separating agent, enriched diet beverages Vivapur® 105 separating agent, extruded goods Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 2475

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference separating agent, fish Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose LC 200 separating agent, flavorings Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose EPG 70; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 00 separating agent, food Vivapur® 200 separating agent, grated cheese Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 separating agent, gravies Vivapur® 105 separating agent, ground cheese Vivapur® 101 separating agent, instant food prods. Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600-30; Vivapur® 101 separating agent, instant sauces Vivapur® 105 separating agent, meat Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose LC 200 separating agent, panades Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 separating agent, pasta Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600 separating agent, seasonings Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose EPG 70; Vitacel® Powdered Cellulose L 600; Vivapur® 101 separating agent, soups Vivapur® 105 sequestering agent, oxidative rancidity inhibitor Nutrifos® 088 sequestrant Anhydrous Citric Acid; Potassium citrate; SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40 SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1; Terra Alba; Thermal Select 75%/80%/85% (FG) sequestrant, angel food cake mixes Pentasodium triphosphate sequestrant, baby foods Gluconolactone sequestrant, baked goods Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Calcium acetate; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Gluconolactone; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Potassium acid tartrate; Sodium diacetate; L-Tartaric acid

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sequestrant, baking powder Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium phosphate; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; LTartaric acid sequestrant, beverages Ascorbyl palmitate; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Citric Acid, USP FCC Anhydrous Granular; Citric Acid Anhyd.FG; Citric Acid Anhyd.GR Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Succinic acid; Trisodium citrate; Vitrafos® sequestrant, bread doughs Phosphoric acid sequestrant, breads Ascorbyl palmitate sequestrant, cake flours Phosphoric acid sequestrant, cake mixes Calcium acetate; Potassium D-gluconate sequestrant, candy Potassium acid tartrate sequestrant, canned food Gluconolactone sequestrant, canned ham Pentasodium triphosphate sequestrant, canned peas Pentasodium triphosphate sequestrant, caramel Phosphoric acid; Potassium phosphate sequestrant, cereals Py-ran®; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate sequestrant, cheese processing Potassium phosphate sequestrant, cheeses Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate sequestrant, chewing gum Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Potassium tripolyphosphate sequestrant, chocolate compds. Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sequestrant, coffee whiteners Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Disodium citrate sequestrant, cola beverages Phosphoric acid sequestrant, condiments Succinic acid sequestrant, confectionery Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Potassium acid tartrate; Trisodium citrate sequestrant, cooking oils Oxystearin sequestrant, cream Soda Phos (FG); Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate sequestrant, cream of tartar L-Tartaric acid sequestrant, cultured buttermilk Disodium citrate sequestrant, cured meat prods. Disodium citrate; Gluconolactone sequestrant, dairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids sequestrant, dairy prods. Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Glass H®; Gluconolactone; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos® Sodium gluconate; Vitrafos® sequestrant, dessert mixes Gluconolactone sequestrant, desserts Pentasodium triphosphate sequestrant, dietetic prods. Potassium D-gluconate; Sodium gluconate sequestrant, dough Py-ran® sequestrant, dried meat Isopropyl citrate sequestrant, dry mix beverages Potassium D-gluconate sequestrant, dry mix desserts Potassium D-gluconate sequestrant, effervescent beverages L-Tartaric acid sequestrant, eggs Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate sequestrant, emulsified sauces Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sequestrant, evaporated milk Disodium citrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate sequestrant, fats/oils Sodium tartrate sequestrant, fillings Calcium acetate sequestrant, fish prods. Gluconolactone sequestrant, food Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Ammonium polyphosphate; Ascorbyl palmitate; Calcium acetate Calcium chloride; Calcium citrate; Calcium diacetate; Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate; Calcium disodium EDTA Calcium gluconate; Calcium hexametaphosphate; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium polyphosphate Calcium sulfate; Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Citric Acid, USP FCC Anhydrous Granular; Citric acid; Citric Acid Anhyd.FG Citric Acid Anhyd.FG; Citric Acid Anhyd.GR; Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Dicalcium diphosphate Dimagnesium diphosphate; Dipotassium diphosphate; Disodium citrate; Dissolvine® E-CA-10; Dissolvine® E-FE-13 Dissolvine® NA-2-P; Distearyl citrate; EN PHOS 50; Gluconolactone; γ-Heptalactone 1,4-Heptonolactone; Isopropyl citrate; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Monosodium tartrate; Morflex® MSC Niacet Calcium Acetate FCC; Oxystearin; Pentasodium triphosphate; Phosphoric acid; Potassium acid tartrate Potassium dihydrogen citrate; Potassium D-gluconate; Potassium phosphate; Potassium phosphate dibasic; Potassium phosphate tribasic Potassium polyphosphate; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate

2477

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference tetrahydrate; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Sodium acetate anhydrous Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Sodium calcium polyphosphate; Sodium carbonate; Sodium citrate; Sodium diacetate Sodium gluconate; Sodium metaphosphate; Sodium phosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Sodium phosphate tribasic; Sodium polyphosphate; Sodium tartrate Sodium thiosulfate anhydrous; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Sorbitol; Sorbo®; Starch Stearyl citrate; Succinic acid; Succinylated monoglycerides; L-Tartaric acid; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate Tetrasodium pyrophosphate; Triethyl citrate; Trisodium citrate; Trisodium diphosphate; Tristearyl citrate Vitrafos® sequestrant, frankfurters Gluconolactone sequestrant, frostings Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; SAPP-NL sequestrant, frozen desserts Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos® sequestrant, fruit jellies Py-ran® sequestrant, fruits Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids sequestrant, gelatin Calcium acetate; Potassium acid tartrate sequestrant, gelatin desserts L-Tartaric acid sequestrant, gelling juices Pentasodium triphosphate sequestrant, Genoa salami Gluconolactone sequestrant, half & half Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate sequestrant, hot sausages Succinic acid sequestrant, ice cream Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos®; Soda Phos (FG) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium hexametaphosphate sequestrant, icings SAPP-NL sequestrant, inhibiting oxidative rancidity Katch® Fish Phosphate sequestrant, jams Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate sequestrant, jams/jellies Phosphoric acid sequestrant, jellies Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate sequestrant, lard Isopropyl citrate sequestrant, lemon drinks Ascorbyl palmitate sequestrant, low-calorie bakery pie fillings Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 sequestrant, margarine Ascorbyl palmitate; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Disodium citrate; Stearyl citrate sequestrant, meat Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium acetate anhydrous; Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate sequestrant, meat processing Potassium phosphate sequestrant, meat prods. Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Pentasodium triphosphate; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Sodium diacetate Sodium gluconate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Succinic acid sequestrant, meringues Pentasodium triphosphate sequestrant, miso Succinic acid sequestrant, mixes Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides

2478

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sequestrant, nondairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids sequestrant, nonnutritive sweeteners Disodium EDTA sequestrant, oils Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides sequestrant, oleomargarine Distearyl citrate; Isopropyl citrate; Tristearyl citrate sequestrant, oxidative rancidity inhibiting: cured meats Nutrifos® B-90 sequestrant, oxidative rancidity inhibiting: eggs Nutrifos® B-90 sequestrant, oxidative rancidity inhibiting: food Nutrifos® B-75; Nutrifos® BC; Nutrifos® L50; Nutrifos® Powder sequestrant, oxidative rancidity inhibiting: poultry Nutrifos® B-90 sequestrant, oxidative rancidity inhibiting: processed meats Nutrifos® B-90 sequestrant, oxidative rancidity inhibiting: seafood Nutrifos® B-90 sequestrant, oxidative rancidity inhibiting: spice blends Nutrifos® B-90 sequestrant, peanut butter Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids sequestrant, pork Disodium citrate sequestrant, poultry Disodium citrate; Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate sequestrant, poultry fats Isopropyl citrate sequestrant, poultry prods. Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Pentasodium triphosphate; Potassium tripolyphosphate sequestrant, preserves Py-ran® sequestrant, processed cheeses Glass H®; Gluconolactone; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos®; Soda Phos (FG) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate sequestrant, processed meats Ascorbyl palmitate; Nutrifos® 100 sequestrant, pudding Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids sequestrant, puddings Potassium acid tartrate sequestrant, relishes Succinic acid sequestrant, rolls Ascorbyl palmitate sequestrant, salad oils Oxystearin sequestrant, salads Gluconolactone sequestrant, sauces Calcium acetate; Gluconolactone sequestrant, sausages Gluconolactone; Isopropyl citrate; Pentasodium triphosphate sequestrant, seafood Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate sequestrant, shortening Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Ascorbyl palmitate; Isopropyl citrate; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids sequestrant, soy sauce Succinic acid sequestrant, spice preps. Gluconolactone; Sodium diacetate sequestrant, sugar-free fruit preps. Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 sequestrant, sugar refining Phosphoric acid sequestrant, syrups Calcium acetate sequestrant, table salt Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate sequestrant, table syrups Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate sequestrant, table toppings Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate

2479

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sequestrant, topping powders Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids sequestrant, toppings Calcium acetate sequestrant, tripe Potassium D-gluconate sequestrant, vegetables Soda Phos (FG); Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate sequestrant, vinegar Calcium phytate sequestrant, whey processing Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium metaphosphate sequestrant, whipped toppings Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids sequestrant, wine Calcium phytate serum formation inhibitor, desserts Textrion PROGEL 800 serum formation inhibitor, yogurts Textrion PROGEL 800 setting agent, custards Stamere® CK NF FCC setting agent, milk gels Stamere® NK setting agent, milk puddings Stamere® CK NF FCC setting agent, pie fillings Coyote Stabilizer HTPF; Coyote Stabilizer JB-900 setting agent, pies Stamere® CK NF FCC shape enhancer, instant flans CarraBind™ MPF-74I shape enhancer, instant puddings CarraBind™ MPF-74I shelf-life extender Crust EZE; Ethocel™ Standard 4 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 10 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium; E-Z 1; Mira-Thik® 609 Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K; Myverol® P-06 shelf-life extender, acidic foods Rezista®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

shelf-life extender, animal fats PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50; PhytroX® Tocomix L70 shelf-life extender, aq. foods Novation® 1600 shelf-life extender, baby foods Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 shelf-life extender, bagels N-So-Soft shelf-life extender, baked goods Alcolec® 30-A; Amylase; Baka-Snak®; Bionature® Light Liquid Molasses; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770 Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785; Enzeco® Baking Enzyme 1000; Fresh-N®; Grindamyl™ Lupine protein; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Novamyl™ 1500 MG; Novamyl™ L; Panatex® K PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50 PhytroX® Tocomix L70; Pregel 40; Simplex; Soft Cel®; Soft Cel® (Without Soy Flour) Sorbogem™; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624; StabiTexInstant™ 12625; Sunmalt shelf-life extender, baked snack foods Baka-Snak® shelf-life extender, baker's jellies Rezista® shelf-life extender, bakery fillings Tapioca dextrin shelf-life extender, bakery mixes Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 shelf-life extender, bakery prods. BarFlex® 171; CFI-10; Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307 Farinex WM 55; Lo-Temp® 452; Meritol 160; Meritose 100; Meritose 200 Meritose 300; Mira-Thik® 609; Natamax® SF; Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K Panalite® 90D K; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 8200 Powder; Tylopur® C 10000 P2; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 shelf-life extender, baking additives Soyapan™ shelf-life extender, batter mixes Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 shelf-life extender, beer Crospovidone; Polyclar® Super R

2480

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference shelf-life extender, beverages Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Divergan® HM; Natamax® G; Sodium Benzoate, Powder FCC Food Grade/E211/EP Grade shelf-life extender, blocked cheese Natamax® SF shelf-life extender, bread dry mixes Arise 5000™ shelf-life extender, bread improvers Soyapan™ shelf-life extender, breading mixes Baka-Snak® shelf-life extender, breads Bacom; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 500; CFI-10 GMS 402V; Improved Paniplus M; Liquid Monobac; Raisin juice concentrate; Supertex/Supertex Plus shelf-life extender, bun doughs Bacom shelf-life extender, buns CFI-10 shelf-life extender, butter oils Tenox® PG shelf-life extender, cake doughnuts C-D Stabilizer shelf-life extender, cake dry mixes Arise 5000™ shelf-life extender, cake mixes Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides; Sorbogem™; Vykamol 83G shelf-life extender, cakes Alcolec® 30-A; Bacom; Crester KZ; Myvatex® 40-06S shelf-life extender, candy Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N shelf-life extender, canned fish Novation® 1600 shelf-life extender, canned foods Clearjel®; Purity® NCS shelf-life extender, canned vegetables Novation® 1600 shelf-life extender, caramels Aldo® MS KFG shelf-life extender, cereals Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 shelf-life extender, cheeses Natamax® Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

shelf-life extender, cheese spreads Supercol® GF; Supercol® U shelf-life extender, cheese surface treatment Natamax® Gel shelf-life extender, chewing gum Aldo® MS KFG; C*Eridex; C*Sorbidex C shelf-life extender, chlocolate glazes Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer shelf-life extender, chocolate Topcithin® shelf-life extender, chocolate coatings Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N shelf-life extender, coffee whiteners Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K shelf-life extender, confectionery BarFlex® 171; BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 60DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 63DE; Meritol 160; Meritose 100 Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Nurupan™; PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10 PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50; PhytroX® Tocomix L70; Sorbogem™; Tapioca dextrin shelf-life extender, confectionery intermediates Baka-Snak® shelf-life extender, convenience foods Novasin shelf-life extender, cooked beef Purasal® S/SP 60 shelf-life extender, cooked foods Tenox® BHA shelf-life extender, cooked meats Firm-Tex® shelf-life extender, cooked whole meats OxyVac™-S shelf-life extender, cookies Alcolec® 30-A; Baka-Snak®; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber shelf-life extender, cook-up puddings Kol Guard® 7413 shelf-life extender, crackers Baka-Snak®; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber shelf-life extender, cream fillings Farinex WM 55 shelf-life extender, cream-style corn Purity® NCS

2481

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference shelf-life extender, dairy prods. Mira-Sperse® 606; Mira-Sperse® 2000; MiraThik® 470; Nu-Star® 140 shelf-life extender, Danish icings Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer shelf-life extender, delicatessen PROVImel® DN 12 shelf-life extender, divided meats OxyVac™-S shelf-life extender, doughnut glazes Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer shelf-life extender, doughnuts Atlas® 5520; CFI-10; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8; Tandem® 552 Tandem® 11H K; Tandem® 552 K shelf-life extender, dough prods. Tylopur® C 10000 P2; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 shelf-life extender, dressings Sta-Slim™ 151 shelf-life extender, dry-baked goods Nurupan™ shelf-life extender, dry-cured sausages Premi®Coat shelf-life extender, dry mixes TIC Pretested® Action Gum 8200 Powder shelf-life extender, dry roasted nuts Sorbogem™ shelf-life extender, dry sausages surface treatment Natamax® Gel; Natamax® Salt shelf-life extender, edible frying oils Britesorb™ C935 shelf-life extender, emulsifier: food Soybean (Glycine soja) flour shelf-life extender, emulsion meat prods. Lake States Autolyzed Type P shelf-life extender, extruded prods. Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785; Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K Panalite® 90D K shelf-life extender, fabricated potato prods. Novation® 1600 shelf-life extender, fancy pastries Nurupan™ shelf-life extender, fats/oils Tenox® CA-50 shelf-life extender, fermented goods Liquid Monobac

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

shelf-life extender, fillings Sorbogem™ shelf-life extender, flat breads FP600 shelf-life extender, flour confectionery Crester KZ shelf-life extender, fondant C*Eridex shelf-life extender, food 2X Regular Paniplus®; C*Sorbidex C; Eribate®; Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E; Lac-Glaze 32E-N; Natamax® NutraFiber® NF 40; NutraFiber® NF 200; NutraFiber® NF 300; Protacide™ DMDM; Protacide™ NA2 P Protacide™ NA3 EDTA; Skim milk; Sodium Benzoate, Powder FCC Food Grade/E211/EP Grade; Sorbogem™; Tenox® CA-50 Topcithin® shelf-life extender, food bars BarFlex® 171 shelf-life extender, fortified beverages BarFlex® 171 shelf-life extender, fresh fruit coatings Michem® Emulsion 62125AM shelf-life extender, fresh fruit fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 shelf-life extender, fresh vegetable coatings Michem® Emulsion 62125AM shelf-life extender, fresh whole muscle meats OxyVac™-S shelf-life extender, fried foods Midsol™ Krisp shelf-life extender, fried puffed snacks Baka-Snak® shelf-life extender, fried snacks Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 shelf-life extender, frozen bread dough Arise 5000™ shelf-life extender, frozen desserts Sorbogem™ shelf-life extender, frozen doughs Arise 5000™ shelf-life extender, frozen foods Bindtex; Colflo® 67 shelf-life extender, frozen fruit fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 shelf-life extender, frozen meat gravies Colflo® 67

2482

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference shelf-life extender, frozen meat pies Colflo® 67 shelf-life extender, frozen mousses Cremodan® Mousse shelf-life extender, frozen Oriental foods Colflo® 67 shelf-life extender, frozen sauces Colflo® 67 shelf-life extender, frozen soups Colflo® 67 shelf-life extender, fruit coatings Michem® Emulsion 03825 shelf-life extender, fruit fillings Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; FruitSavr® shelf-life extender, fruit pie fillings Colflo® 67 shelf-life extender, fruit preps. Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307 shelf-life extender, fruits FruitSavr®; Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20EN; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N Lac-Glaze 32E; Lac-Glaze 32E-N shelf-life extender, fruit yogurt FruitSavr® shelf-life extender, frying oils PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50 PhytroX® Tocomix L70 shelf-life extender, glazes Rezista®; Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer shelf-life extender, gravies Purity® NCS; Sta-Slim™ 151 shelf-life extender, gravy mixes Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 shelf-life extender, ground meats Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 shelf-life extender, hams Galaflow PL 60; Galaflow PSL 60 75/25; Galaflow SL; Galaflow SPL 60 50/50; Galaflow SPL 60 60/40 shelf-life extender, health food Lac-Glaze 20E; Lac-Glaze 20E-N; Lac-Glaze 25E; Lac-Glaze 25E-N; Lac-Glaze 32E Lac-Glaze 32E-N shelf-life extender, high-acid sauces Thermshear shelf-life extender, high-moisture baked goods Novasin Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

shelf-life extender, ice cream Coyote Stabilizer HCS-1; Magnesium caseinate; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 shelf-life extender, ice cream cones Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 shelf-life extender, icings Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides; Sorbogem™ shelf-life extender, infant food oil blends PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50 PhytroX® Tocomix L70 shelf-life extender, infant formulas Topcithin® shelf-life extender, injected meat Bindtex shelf-life extender, injected poultry Bindtex shelf-life extender, instant desserts Farinex WM 55 shelf-life extender, instant pie fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 shelf-life extender, instant puddings Baka-Snak®; Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 shelf-life extender, jams Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; FruitSavr® shelf-life extender, jellies FruitSavr® shelf-life extender, juices Novasin shelf-life extender, layer cake batters Cake STA shelf-life extender, lemon sauces Thermshear shelf-life extender, licorice Purity® NCS shelf-life extender, liquid eggs Novasin shelf-life extender, low-calorie beverages C*Eridex shelf-life extender, low-fat baked goods Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 shelf-life extender, low-fat cakes Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785

2483

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference shelf-life extender, low-fat cookies Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 shelf-life extender, maple donut icings Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer shelf-life extender, margarine Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K shelf-life extender, mayonnaise PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® LTR 10; PhytroX® LTR 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50 PhytroX® Tocomix L70 shelf-life extender, meat Arlac P®; Arlac S®; Natamax® shelf-life extender, meat prods. Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 shelf-life extender, milk prods. Topcithin® shelf-life extender, morning goods Bacom shelf-life extender, neutral pH canned foods Resistamyl 341 shelf-life extender, nonfat cakes Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 shelf-life extender, nonfat cookies Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 shelf-life extender, nutritional bars Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300 shelf-life extender, nutrition bars BarFlex® 171 shelf-life extender, opaque glazes: Danish pastries Sta-White shelf-life extender, opaque glazes: donuts Sta-White shelf-life extender, opaque glazes: sweet rolls Sta-White shelf-life extender, pancake batters Cake STA shelf-life extender, par-baked doughs Arise 5000™ shelf-life extender, par-baked pizza crust Arise 5000™ shelf-life extender, pasta Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 300

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

shelf-life extender, pasteurized processed cheeses Novasin shelf-life extender, pasteurized prods. Novation® 1600 shelf-life extender, peanut butter Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K shelf-life extender, pet foods Baka-Snak® shelf-life extender, pie crusts Alcolec® 30-A shelf-life extender, plum sauces Thermshear shelf-life extender, pocket sandwiches Arise 5000™ shelf-life extender, poultry Arlac P®; Arlac S®; Galaflow PL 60; Galaflow PSL 60 75/25; Galaflow SL Galaflow SPL 60 50/50; Galaflow SPL 60 60/40 shelf-life extender, powdered mixes Topcithin® shelf-life extender, prepared foods Mira-Sperse® 606 shelf-life extender, processed meats Novation® 1600 shelf-life extender, PVA cheese coating Natamax® Salt shelf-life extender, ready mixes Soyapan™ shelf-life extender, refrigerated doughs Arise 5000™ shelf-life extender, refrigerated food Bindtex shelf-life extender, ricotta cheese Merecol® RB; Merecol® RCS shelf-life extender, rolls CFI-10; Liquid Monobac shelf-life extender, salad dressings Methocel® K15M Premium; Novasin; Purity® 420; Purity® 550 shelf-life extender, sauce mixes Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 shelf-life extender, sauces Novasin; PROVImel® DN 12; Purity® 420; Purity® NCS; Sta-Slim™ 151 shelf-life extender, sausages Galaflow PL 60; Galaflow PSL 60 75/25; Galaflow SL; Galaflow SPL 60 50/50; Galaflow SPL 60 60/40

2484

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference shelf-life extender, seafood prods. Arlac P®; Arlac S® shelf-life extender, shredded cheeses Natamax® SF; Natamax® Salt shelf-life extender, snack foods Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Lo-Temp® 452; Meritose 100 Meritose 200; Meritose 300; Mira-Thik® 609 shelf-life extender, soups Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; Novasin; PROVImel® DN 12; Sta-Slim™ 151 shelf-life extender, sour dough prods. Enzeco® Baking Enzyme 1000 shelf-life extender, sparkling wine stock Divergan® HM shelf-life extender, spraying Natamax® SF shelf-life extender, stews Purity® NCS shelf-life extender, surimi Sorbogem™ shelf-life extender, sweet goods CFI-10 shelf-life extender, sweet roll icings Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer shelf-life extender, taco shells Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 shelf-life extender, tart fruit pie fillings Rezista® shelf-life extender, toast Soyapan™ shelf-life extender, tortilla chips Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 shelf-life extender, tortillas CFI-10; Coyote Stabilizer TC-1; Coyote Stabilizer TC-20; FP600 shelf-life extender, tumbled meat Bindtex shelf-life extender, tumbled poultry Bindtex shelf-life extender, turkey rolls Firm-Tex® shelf-life extender, vacuum packaged meats Novation® 1900 shelf-life extender, vegetable coatings Michem® Emulsion 03825

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

shelf-life extender, vegetable oils PhytroX® LT 10; PhytroX® LT 15; PhytroX® Tocomix L50; PhytroX® Tocomix L70 shelf-life extender, waffle batters Cake STA shelf-life extender, white bread Soyapan™ shelf-life extender, white glazes Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer shelf-life extender, wine Natamax® G shelf-life extender, wine stock Divergan® HM shelf-life extender, yeast buns Alcolec® 30-A shelf-life extender, yeast-raised baked goods Paniplex CK; Solec™ K shelf-life extender, yeast-raised bakery prods. CDC-50; CDC-2500 shelf-life extender, yeast-raised donuts Soft Touch K shelf-life extender, yeast-raised doughs Pantastic shelf-life extender, yeast-raised frozen bakery prods. Imperial FD shelf-life extender, yogurt fruit bases Rezista® shelf-life extender, zero-calorie beverages C*Eridex shelf-life/freshness improver Binasol™ 15; Kol Guard® 7467 shelf-life/freshness improver, bakery prods. Maxi-Gel® 617; Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347 Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470; PermaFlo® HV; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 341 Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Sta-Slim™ 143; Sta-Slim™ 151 shelf-life/freshness improver, beer StabilEnhance® WSR shelf-life/freshness improver, candy coatings Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12 shelf-life/freshness improver, carotenoids StabilEnhance® WSR shelf-life/freshness improver, dairy prods. Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617 shelf-life/freshness improver, dressings Delta™ 7393; Kol Guard® 7413; Kol Guard® 7467; Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470 Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 120; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 346 2485

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV; Sta-Slim™ 150 shelf-life/freshness improver, fruit fillings Kol Guard® 7467; Lo-Temp® 452; MaxiGel® 617 shelf-life/freshness improver, fruit preps. Kol Guard® 7467; Lo-Temp® 452; MaxiGel® 617 shelf-life/freshness improver, gravies Delta™ 7393; Kol Guard® 7413; Kol Guard® 7467; Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470 Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 120; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 346 Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV; Sta-Slim™ 150 shelf-life/freshness improver, jams Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617 shelf-life/freshness improver, prepared foods Mira-Sperse® 2000 shelf-life/freshness improver, sauces Delta™ 7393; Kol Guard® 7413; Kol Guard® 7467; Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470 Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 120; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 346 Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV; Sta-Slim™ 150 shelf-life/freshness improver, snack foods Maxi-Gel® 617; Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347 Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470; PermaFlo® HV; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 346 Resistamyl 347; Sta-Slim™ 143; Sta-Slim™ 151 shelf-life/freshness improver, soft drinks StabilEnhance® WSR shelf-life/freshness improver, soups Delta™ 7393; Kol Guard® 7413; Kol Guard® 7467; Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470 Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 120; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 346 Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV; Sta-Slim™ 150 shortening, baked goods DP 644; StarchPlus™ SPR shortening, coating Hydrogenated canola oil shortening, confectionery fillings DP 644 shortening, dessert powders DP 644 shortening, food Hydrogenated canola oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

shortening, frying Hydrogenated canola oil shortening, sauces DP 644 shortening, soups DP 644 shortening, spray applics. Hydrogenated canola oil shortening, spreads DP 644 shortening substitute, baked goods N-Flate™ shortening substitute, bakery mixes Soylec® C-15 shortening substitute, cake mixes N-Flate™ shortening substitute, cakes Soylec® C-15 shortening substitute, donuts Soylec® C-15 shortening substitute, low-fat muffins TIC Pretested® Colloid 451T Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-B No Fat Powder shortening substitute, microwave cakes N-Flate™ shortening substitute, pastries Soylec® C-15 shortening substitute, pie crusts Soylec® 220T shortening substitute, reduced-calorie baked goods N-Flate™ shortening substitute, sweet goods Soylec® C-15 shortening substitute, whipped prods. N-Flate™ shortening, sucrose pudding systems StarchPlus™ SPR shrinkage inhibitor, meat Solka-Floc® JF 600/20; Solka-Floc® JF BH40 FCC; Solka-Floc® JF BH200 FCC; Solka-Floc® JF HS40 FCC shrinkage inhibitor, pie fillings Aqualon® 7H0F; Aqualon® 7H3SF; Benecel® M 043; Benecel® MP 874 skim milk substitute, confectionery Esprion® 300 skim milk substitute, dairy prods Esprion® 300 skim milk substitute, ice cream Esprion® 300 2486

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference skim milk substitute, sauces Esprion® 300 skim milk substitute, soups Esprion® 300 sliceability aid Meyprogen®-MP® sliceability aid, cassler Oxipur sliceability aid, cooked ham Oxipur-Mix sliceability aid, cooked meats Oxipur sliceability aid, cooked shoulders Oxipur-Mix sliceability aid, food Oxipur sliceability aid, formed rolls/roasts Lem-O-Fos® 101 sliceability aid, ham Oxipur sliceability aid, meat prods. EM 9N; EM 12; EM 14 sliceability aid, pork loins Oxipur-Mix sliceability aid, poultry prods. Oxipur sliceability aid, ricotta cheese Merecol® RB; Merecol® RCS sliceability aid, tongues Oxipur slip agent, food Lipomic 601; Mica smoothing agent, breading PenCling® 597 smoothing agent, clear coat batters PenCling® 597 smoothing agent, cream fillings Purity® 69 smoothing agent, desserts Purity® W smoothing agent, fruit pie fillings Purity® 69 smoothing agent, gravies Purity® 69; Purity® W smoothing agent, puddings Purity® W smoothing agent, sauces Purity® 69 smoothing agent, soups Purity® W smoothing agent, stews Purity® W Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

smoothness enhancer, chewing gum Solec™ F smoothness improver, dressings Kol Guard® 7467 smoothness improver, fruit fillings Kol Guard® 7467 smoothness improver, fruit preps. Kol Guard® 7467 smoothness improver, gravies Kol Guard® 7467 smoothness improver, ice cream Lecigran™ F smoothness improver, jams Kol Guard® 7467 smoothness improver, sauces Kol Guard® 7467 smoothness improver, soups Kol Guard® 7467 sodium acetate source, food Niacet Sodium Diacetate FCC sodium nitrite substitute, smoked meats Sodium hypophosphite sodium reducer, bakery prods. sub4salt® sodium reducer, canned foods sub4salt® sodium reducer, convenience foods sub4salt® sodium reducer, dietetic foods sub4salt® sodium reducer, flavors sub4salt® sodium reducer, food supplements sub4salt® sodium reducer, sauces sub4salt® sodium reducer, sausages sub4salt® sodium reducer, snack seasoning mixes sub4salt® sodium reducer, soups sub4salt® sodium replacement, food Reheis Less Salt Blend sodium substitute, bakery prods. sub4salt® sodium substitute, canned foods sub4salt® sodium substitute, convenience foods sub4salt® sodium substitute, dietetic foods sub4salt® 2487

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sodium substitute, flavors sub4salt® sodium substitute, food supplements sub4salt® sodium substitute, sauces sub4salt® sodium substitute, sausages sub4salt® sodium substitute, snack seasoning mixes sub4salt® sodium substitute, soups sub4salt® softener Pita Soft; Proflex softener, baked goods Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Lactipol S; Starplex® 90; Sucrose oleate Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate softener, bakery prods. CFI-10; Doughcon-Ace MB; Rikemal Super; Rimulsoft Super softener, baking mixes Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate softener, breads Alphadim® 90AB; Amflex; Atlas® 5520; Bacom; BAN 800 MG CFI-10; Dimodan® HA; Myverol® SMG® VK; Patco® 3; Soft Touch K Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8; Tandem® 11H K; Tandem® 552; Tandem® 552 K softener, bubble gum bases Silvergum® RE 85K softener, bun doughs Bacom softener, buns CFI-10; Patco® 3 softener, cakes Bacom; Soft Touch K softener, cheese substitutes Emplex softener, chewing gum Acetylated hydrogenated coconut oil glyceride; Acetylated hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride; Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glycerides; Emulgum™; Ester Gum 10D softener, chewing gum bases Aldo® MS#2 Special KFG; Glyceryl caprylate; Imwitor® 988; Lecigran™ F softener, chewing gum matrix Caprylic/capric triglyceride Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

softener, coffee whiteners Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG softener, confectionery Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG softener, confectionery coatings Span® 65; Span® 65K softener, corn flour tortillas PenPlus® MG softener, crumb Durem™ 207-E; Lactipol C; Panatex® K; Solec™ K softener, crumb: Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K softener, crumb: baked goods Amylase; Brosoft; Grindamyl™; Myverol® SMG V softener, crumb: bakery mixes BFP 64K softener, crumb: bread BFP 64K; Dimodan® H SK-A; Dimodan® PV 300 Kosher; Dimodan® PVP Kosher; Liquid Monobac Monofresh Super; Panodan™ 150 Kosher; Supertex/Supertex Plus; Tally® 100 Plus softener, crumb: cookie doughs Trem® softener, crumb: cracker doughs Trem® softener, crumb: fermented goods Liquid Monobac; Monofresh Super softener, crumb: food Precept™ 8160™ softener, crumb: frozen desserts Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K softener, crumb: ice cream Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K softener, crumb: margarine BFP 64K softener, crumb: pasta Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K softener, crumb: rolls Liquid Monobac; Monofresh Super softener, crumb: shortening BFP 64K softener, crumb: sweet goods BFP 64K softener, crumb: yeast-raised baked goods Tally® 100 Plus softener, crumb: yeast-raised bakery prods. Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K; Solec™ 100L; Trem®

2488

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference softener, dairy prods. Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG softener, dehydrated potatoes Emplex softener, doughnuts Bake Soft; CFI-10 softener, dough Aldo® MSD KFG; Amfal-46; PenPlus® MG softener, edible oils/shortenings Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG softener, enzymatic: bagels Sof-One softener, enzymatic crumb: baked goods Soft Cel®; Soft Cel® (Without Soy Flour) softener, enzymatic: donuts Eversoft Plus Kosher; Sof-One softener, enzymatic: foam cakes Eversoft Plus Kosher softener, enzymatic: hamburger buns Eversoft Plus Kosher; Sof-One softener, enzymatic: snack cakes Eversoft Plus Kosher softener, enzymatic: sponge cakes Eversoft Plus Kosher softener, enzymatic: sweet goods Sof-One softener, enzymatic: sweet rolls Eversoft Plus Kosher softener, enzymatic: variety breads Sof-One softener, enzymatic: white bread Sof-One softener, enzymatic: yeast-raised cakes Sof-One softener, enzymatic: yeast-raised white bread Eversoft Plus Kosher softener, enzyme: bagels N-So-Soft softener, enzyme: baked goods Simplex softener, enzyme: flour tortillas N-So-Soft softener, food Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Avatar® Amber Petrolatum; Avatar® Petrolatum SS; Avatar® Snow White™ Avatar® Soft White™; Avatar® Yellow Petrolatum; Britol® 6NF; Britol® 7NF; Britol® 9NF Britol® 20USP; Britol® 35USP; Britol® 50USP; Emulgum™; Klearol®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; PEG75 oleate; Rudol®; Ryoto Sugar Ester LWA1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester OWA-1570 Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1670; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-070; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-170; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-270 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970; Sorbitan sesquioleate Span® 20 Pharma; Span® 40; Span® 60; Span® 60 Pharma Powder; Span® 60K Span® 65; Span® 65K; Span® 85; Sucrose distearate; Sucrose laurate Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose polystearate; Sucrose tristearate; Tandem® 552 Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins softener, food processing Protopet® Alba; Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® White 2L; Protopet® White 3C; Protopet® Yellow 2A softener, frozen dairy desserts Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate softener, frozen desserts Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG softener, frozen dough Doughcon-Ace MB softener, gluten: prepared food Papain softener, gravies Emplex softener, hamburger buns Bake Soft softener, health foods Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins softener, margarine Span® 65; Span® 65K softener, masticatory agents: chewing gum bases Glyceryl hydrogenated rosinate softener, meat packing Protopet® White 1S; Protopet® Yellow 2A softener, morning goods Bacom softener, nondairy coffee whiteners Emplex softener, peanut butter Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG

2489

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference softener, pet foods Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG softener, pizza crusts PenPlus® MG softener/plasticizer, masticatory agents: chewing gum bases Staybelite® Ester 5-E softener, processed food Emplex softener, puddings Emplex softener, rolls Atlas® 5520; CFI-10; Patco® 3; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8 Tandem® 11H K; Tandem® 552; Tandem® 552 K softener, sauces Emplex softener, sausage casings Span® 85 softener, shortening Span® 65; Span® 65K softener, snack dips Emplex softener, soft bakery specialties Sofical Beta softener, stick gum bases Silvergum® RE 85K softener, sweet goods CFI-10; Patco® 3 softener, sweet rolls Bake Soft softener, tablet candy Ryoto Sugar Ester S-370F softener, texture: food ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids softener, tissue Bromelain; Ficin softener, tissue: food Magnesium chloride; Papain; Potassium chloride softener, tissue: poultry Magnesium chloride softener, tissue: raw meats Magnesium chloride softener, tortillas CFI-10 softener, vegetable/fruit scrubbing Ryoto Sugar Ester OWA-1570 softener, wheat flour tortillas PenPlus® MG

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

softener, whipped toppings Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG softener, white bread Bake Soft softener, yeast-leavened bakery prods. Patco® 3; Verv® softener, yeast-raised baked goods Atlas® 5520; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8; Tandem® 11H K; Tandem® 552 Tandem® 552 K softener, yeast-raised bakery prods. CDC-50 softener, yeast-raised donuts Soft Touch K softener, yeast-raised dough prods. Pantastic soft fat, chocolate prods. Witarix® 440 soft fat, confectionery Witarix® 440 soft fat, fillings Imwitor® 361; Witarix® 440 soft fat, fillings: confectionery Imwitor® 2020 soft fat, fillings: cooling effect Imwitor® 2020 solids reducer, BBQ sauces Coyote Stabilizer KT-MS; Coyote Stabilizer ST-101 solubilizer Avapol™ 20; Avapol™ 20K; Avapol™ 60; Avapol™ 60K; Citric Acid FCC Fine Granular Citric Acid FCC Granular; Citric Acid FCC Powder; Complemix® 100; Crillet 4 Super; Cyclodextrin β-Cyclodextrin; DK Ester F-10; DK Ester F 70; DK Ester F 90; DK Ester F-140 Emersol® 6333; Hydroxypropyl-αcyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin; Isocetyl alcohol Katch® Fish Phosphate; Lexol® PG-865; Nutrifos® B-75; Nutrifos® B-90; Santone® 3-1-SH Santone® 10-10-0 solubilizer, antioxidants Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids solubilizer, aq. systems Emulfluid® A

2490

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference solubilizer, bakery prods. Calcium sodium caseinate; CS-922 solubilizer, beverages Meritose 100; Meritose 200; Meritose 300 solubilizer, biscuits C*Sorbidex S 16603 solubilizer, cakes Durem™ 224 NG solubilizer, candy coatings Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12 solubilizer, chewing gum C*Sorbidex S 16603 solubilizer, clinical nutrition Capmul® MCM; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 10G40; Caprol® 10G10O; Caprol® PGE860 Captex® 300; Captex® 355 EP/NF; Captex® 355; Captex® 1000 solubilizer, colorants Durem™ 300; Solec™ A solubilizer, colorants/flavors Solec™ S solubilizer, colorants: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate solubilizer, Danish pastries Durem™ 224 NG solubilizer, dietetic prods. Miglyol® 812; Miglyol® 840 solubilizer, dry mixes Maltrin® M700 solubilizer, edible oils T-Maz® 80K solubilizer, essential oil emulsions Crillet 4 solubilizer, essential oils Cremophor® NP 10; Cremophor® NP 14; DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher; DREWPOL® 10-6-O; DREWPOL PGPR Mazol® PGO-31 K; Mazol® PGO-104 K; Nonoxynol-10; Nonoxynol-14; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate PEG-20 sorbitan tritallate; Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate; T-Maz® 28; Tween® 20 Pharma; Tween® 65 solubilizer, fat/oil antioxidants Monoglyceride citrate solubilizer, fat-soluble vitamins Sucrose tribehenate solubilizer, flavor concs. Poloxamer 105; Poloxamer 108; Poloxamer 122; Poloxamer 123; Poloxamer 124 Poloxamer 181; Poloxamer 182; Poloxamer 183; Poloxamer 184; Poloxamer 185 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Poloxamer 188; Poloxamer 212; Poloxamer 215; Poloxamer 217; Poloxamer 231 Poloxamer 234; Poloxamer 235; Poloxamer 237; Poloxamer 238; Poloxamer 282 Poloxamer 284; Poloxamer 288; Poloxamer 331; Poloxamer 333; Poloxamer 334 Poloxamer 335; Poloxamer 338; Poloxamer 401; Poloxamer 402; Poloxamer 403 Poloxamer 407 solubilizer, flavor molecules Cavamax® W6 Food solubilizer, flavor oils Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate solubilizer, flavors Aldo® MLD KFG; Canarcel TW 20; Capmul® MCM; Capmul® MCMC8; Capmul® MCMC10 Captex® 200; Cremophor® NP 10; Cremophor® NP 14; Crillet 1 Super; DREWMULSE® GMO Kosher DREWPOL® 10-6-O; DREWPOL® 10-10-O; DREWPOL PGPR; Durem™ 300; EO/PO block polymer or copolymer Ethylene oxide; Glyceryl caprylate/caprate; Glycosperse® L-20 K; Mazol® PGO-31 K; Mazol® PGO-104 K Meroxapol 105; NEOBEE® 1053; NEOBEE® M-5; Nonoxynol-14; PEG-20 glyceryl isostearate PEG-30 glyceryl isostearate; PEG-20 glyceryl laurate; PEG-30 glyceryl laurate; PEG-20 glyceryl oleate; PEG-30 glyceryl oleate PEG-15 glyceryl ricinoleate; PEG-30 glyceryl stearate; PEG-25 glyceryl trioleate; PEG-40 sorbitan diisostearate; Polysorbate 61 Polysorbate 81; Polysorbate 85; Ryoto Sugar Ester P-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester P1670; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670; Solec™ A; Sorbax PML-20; Sorbax PMO-5; Sorbax PMO-20 Sorbax PMP-20; Sorbax PMS-20; Sorbax PTO-20; Sorbax PTS-20; Sucrose stearate Tagat® L2; Tagat® O2; Tagat® S; Tagat® S2; Triolein Tween® 20 Pharma; Tween® 60 Pharma; Tween® 61; Tween® 65; Tween® 80V Pharma Tween® 81; Tween® 85

2491

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference solubilizer, flavors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate solubilizer, food ADM Clintose® CR 10; ADM Clintose® CR 15; ADM Clintose® CR 18; Agnique GLY 96; Agnique GLY 99-U Alcolec® BS; Alcolec® S; Alcolec® Z-3; Aldosperse® MS-20; Avapol™ 65 Avapol™ 80; Avapol™ 80K; Avester™ SMS sobitan ester; Benzyl alcohol; Calcium sodium caseinate Caprol® 10G10O; Capryol® PGMC; Crillet 1 HP; Crillet 1 NF; Crillet 4 HP Crillet 4 NF; Crillet 31; Crillet 35; Crillet 41; Crillet 45 CS-922; Decaglyn 1-L; Decaglyn 1-LN; Decaglyn 1-M; Decaglyn 1-OV Decaglyn 1-SV; Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; DK Ester F-20W; DK Ester F-50; Emersol® 6313 NF Emersol® 6321; Emery® 917; Glyceryl caprylate/caprate; Glyceryl triheptanoate; Lonzest® SMO-20 Maltrin® M700; Methyl-α-cyclodextrin; Methyl-β-cyclodextrin; Methyl-γcyclodextrin; NEOBEE® 18 NEOBEE® M-20; Nonoxynol-6; Octoxynol30; Octoxynol-40; Oleic acid Oleyl alcohol; PEG-6 dilaurate; PEG-20 dilaurate; PEG-32 dilaurate; PEG-75 dilaurate PEG-150 dilaurate; PEG-4 dioleate; PEG-6 dioleate; PEG-8 dioleate; PEG-20 dioleate PEG-32 dioleate; PEG-75 dioleate; PEG-150 dioleate; PEG-6 distearate; PEG-20 distearate PEG-32 distearate; PEG-75 distearate; PEG20 glyceryl stearate; PEG-32 laurate; PEG-6 oleate PEG-8 oleate; PEG-32 oleate; PEG-75 oleate; PEG-6 stearate; PEG-32 stearate PEG-75 stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 behenate; Polyglyceryl-10 decaoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate; Polyglyceryl-10 erucate Polyglyceryl-10 isostearate; Polyglyceryl-10 isostearate; Polyglyceryl-10 laurate; Polyglyceryl-10 linoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 linoleate Polyglyceryl-10 myristate; Polyglyceryl-10 octaoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 oleate; Polyglyceryl-10 stearate; Polysorbate 21

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Polysorbate 40; Polysorbate 80; Propylene glycol caprylate; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester B-100D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester ER-60D Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L-7D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L-10D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester L-20D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester O-15D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester S-24D Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester S-28D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-10D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-15D; Ryoto Polyglycerol Ester SWA-20D; S-Maz® 80K S-Maz® 85K; Sorbitan laurate; Sorbitan stearate; Span® 60; Span® 60 Pharma Powder Span® 60 Veg Spray; Span® 60K; Sucrose dilaurate; Sucrose laurate; TO-10V TS-10MV; TS-10V; T-Maz® 20; T-Maz® 80; TMaz® 80K T-Maz® 80KLM; T-Maz® 81; Tween® 80K solubilizer, food colorants NEOBEE® M-5 solubilizer, food vitamins Captex® 200 solubilizer, fragrance oils Captex® 200 solubilizer, fragrances Capmul® MCM; Capmul® MCMC8; Capmul® MCMC10; NEOBEE® M-5 solubilizer, frozen dairy desserts Calcium sodium caseinate; CS-922 solubilizer, fruit fillings C*Sorbidex S 16603 solubilizer, gelatin desserts Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Polysorbate 80; TMaz® 80K solubilizer, ginger bread C*Sorbidex S 16603 solubilizer, health foods Calcium sodium caseinate; CS-922 solubilizer, high-flavored mixes Maltrin® M700 solubilizer, ice cream C*Sorbidex S 16603; T-Maz® 80K solubilizer, icings Durem™ 224 NG solubilizer, imitation cheeses Calcium sodium caseinate; CS-922 solubilizer, infant formulas Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 10G40; Caprol® 10G10O; Caprol® PGE860; Captex® 300 Captex® 355; Captex® 1000; Tricaprin 2492

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference solubilizer, lipophilic substances Phosal® 50 SA+; Phosal® 53 MCT; Phosal® 75 SA solubilizer, low-calorie mixes Maltrin® M700 solubilizer, margarine Durem™ 224 NG; Polyaldo® DGDO; Polyaldo® DGDO KFG solubilizer, nutritional applics. Calcium sodium caseinate; Capmul® MCML; Capmul® MCM-L8; Capmul® PG-8; Captex® 300 EP/NF Captex® 810D; Imwitor® 988; Tricaprin; Witafrol® 7420 solubilizer, nutritional drinks Calcium sodium caseinate; CS-922 solubilizer, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® MCM; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 10G40; Caprol® 10G10O; Caprol® PGE860 Captex® 1000 solubilizer, oils Liposorb L-20; Liposorb O-20; Liposorb S20K; Tween® 80K solubilizer, oil-soluble vitamins Emalex VS-31; PEG-50 hydrogenated castor oil solubilizer, o/w emulsions Emulfluid® A; Tagat® S; Tagat® S2 solubilizer, o/w prods. TS-10V solubilizer, pickles Durfax® 80; Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK; Polysorbate 80; T-Maz® 80K solubilizer, preservatives Sucrose stearate solubilizer, shortening Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; T-Maz® 80K solubilizer, soft drinks Lamesorb® SMO-20 solubilizer, soluble colorants Captex® 200 solubilizer, spice oils Aldo® MLD KFG solubilizer, sports supplements Captex® 355; Tricaprin solubilizer, sweet doughs Durem™ 224 NG solubilizer, vegetable dairy systems Durem™ 224 NG solubilizer, vitamin emulsions Crillet 4 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

solubilizer, vitamin-mineral preps. Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Polysorbate 80 solubilizer, vitamin oils BFP L 100; PEG-20 glyceryl isostearate; PEG-30 glyceryl isostearate; PEG-20 glyceryl laurate; PEG-30 glyceryl laurate PEG-20 glyceryl oleate; PEG-30 glyceryl oleate; PEG-15 glyceryl ricinoleate; PEG-30 glyceryl stearate; PEG-25 glyceryl trioleate Polysorbate 61; Polysorbate 81; Polysorbate 85; Tagat® L2; Tagat® O2 Tagat® S; Tagat® S2; Triolein; Tween® 20 Pharma; Tween® 60 Pharma Tween® 61; Tween® 65; Tween® 80V Pharma; Tween® 81; Tween® 85 solubilizer, vitamins DREWPOL® 10-10-O; Durfax® 80; Glyceryl caprylate/caprate; Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK; NEOBEE® 1053 T-Maz® 80K; Tween® 80K solubilizer, vitamins: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate solubilizer, whipped topping bases Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate; Polyglyceryl10 laurate; Polyglyceryl-10 myristate; Polyglyceryl-10 octaoleate; Polyglyceryl10 oleate Polyglyceryl-10 stearate solubilizer, whipped toppings Durem™ 224 NG; T-Maz® 80K solvent Pricerine™ 9091; Pricerine™ 9099 solvent, aromas Delios® solvent, baked goods Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Bornyl acetate; Glycerin; Glyceryl stearate; Hodag® S-35 K Propylene glycol alginate solvent, baking mixes Glyceryl oleate solvent, beverages Bornyl acetate; Caprylic alcohol; Glyceryl oleate solvent, cake shortenings Glyceryl stearate solvent, candy Bornyl acetate; Caprylic alcohol; Glycerin solvent, candy glazes SD alcohol 13-A; SD alcohol 35

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference solvent carrier, flavors Caprylic/capric triglyceride; Crodamol GTCC solvent carrier, fragrances Caprylic/capric triglyceride; Crodamol GTCC solvent, cheeses Lactic acid; Propylene glycol alginate solvent, chewing gum Bornyl acetate; Glyceryl oleate solvent, clinical nutrition Capmul® MCM; Captex® 350 solvent, coffee whiteners Glyceryl oleate; Hodag® S-35 K solvent, colorants Delios®; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Sucrose fatty acid esters solvent, condiments Propylene glycol alginate solvent, confectionery Lactic acid solvent, cultured dairy prods. Lactic acid solvent, desserts Glyceryl stearate solvent, dietary prods. Miglyol® 810 solvent, dietetic prods. Miglyol® 812; Miglyol® 840 solvent, elastomers: chewing Terpene resin solvent, essential oils Propylene glycol dioctanoate solvent, extraction: alcoholic beverages Alcohol solvent, extraction: coffee decaffeination Ethyl acetate solvent, extraction: confectionery Isopropyl alcohol solvent, extraction: decaffeinated coffee Methylene chloride; Trichloroethylene solvent, extraction: essential oils Acetone solvent, extraction: fish protein concentrates Ethylene dichloride solvent, extraction: flavors Ethylene dichloride solvent, extraction: food Acetone; Alcohol; Isopropyl alcohol solvent, extraction: food colorants Ethylene dichloride Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

solvent, extraction: food-grade citric acid Trilaurylamine solvent, extraction: food processing Methyl ethyl ketone solvent, extraction: fruits Methylene chloride solvent, extraction: gum Isopropyl alcohol solvent, extraction: hops Ethylene dichloride solvent, extraction: hops extract Hexane; Hexane; Isopropyl alcohol; Methylene chloride solvent, extraction: hops extract for beer Methyl alcohol; Trichloroethylene solvent, extraction: lemon oil Isopropyl alcohol solvent, extraction: modified hop extract in flavoring beer Benzene solvent, extraction: pizza crust Alcohol solvent, extraction: spice oleoresins Hexane; Hexane; Isopropyl alcohol; Methyl alcohol; Methylene chloride Trichloroethylene solvent, extraction: spices Ethylene dichloride solvent, extraction: tableted food supplements Isopropyl alcohol solvent, extraction: tea decaffeination Ethyl acetate solvent, extraction: vegetables Methylene chloride solvent, fats/oils Propylene glycol alginate solvent, fat-soluble antioxidants Sucrose fatty acid esters solvent, fat-soluble substances: food Sesamol solvent, fat-soluble substances: iodized oils Sesamol solvent, fat-soluble substances: oleomargarine Sesamol solvent, flavors Aldo® MCT KFG; BGL™ 355; Capmul® MCM; Capmul® MCMC8; Capmul® MCMC10 Capric triglyceride; Captex® 200; Captex® 500; Delios® C; Delios® V 2494

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3580 MCT Oil; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577; Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579; Ethyl-(S)-lactate Isopropyl myristate; Lexol® PG-800; Propylene glycol alginate; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate; Propylene glycol dioctanoate solvent, flavors: dietetic prods. Delios® S; Delios® VK solvent, flavors: sports foods Delios® S; Delios® VK solvent, food Acetic acid; Acetylated distarch glycerol; Acetylated distarch phosphate; Acetylated hydrogenated lard glyceride; Acetylated hydrogenated soybean oil glyceride Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Agnique GLY 96; Agnique GLY 99-U; Benzyl benzoate; Bornyl acetate Butyl-(S)-lactate; Chemstat® G-118/52; Citrofol® AI; Delios®; Dow Glycerine 96% USP Dow Glycerine 99.5% USP/EP; Emery® 917; Glycerin; Glyceryl oleate; Glyceryl stearate Hodag® S-35 K; Lactic acid; Lipovol SES; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Myvacet® 9-45K Naphtha, light aliphatic; NEOBEE® 18; NEOBEE® M-20; Optim™ Glycerine 99.7; PEG-8 oleate Penreco Snow; Pricerine™ 9081; Pricerine™ 9083; Pricerine™ 9098; Propylene glycol Propylene Glycol USP, FCC; Propylene glycol alginate; Propylene glycol laurate; Shellsol® D100S; Triacetin solvent, food antioxidants Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides solvent, food colorants Ammonium hydroxide; Sodium hydroxide solvent, food ingreds. Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3580 MCT Oil; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577; Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579 solvent, food processing Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400; Drakesol® 205 solvent, food vitamins Captex® 200 solvent, fractionation: edible fats 2-Nitropropane Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

solvent, fractionation: edible oils 2-Nitropropane solvent, fragrance oils Captex® 200 solvent, fragrances Capmul® MCM; Capmul® MCMC8; Capmul® MCMC10; Captex® 500; Estasan™ GT 8-60 3575 Estasan™ GT 8-60 3580 MCT Oil; Estasan™ GT 8-65 3577; Estasan™ GT 8-70 3579; Lexol® PG-800 solvent, frozen dairy desserts Propylene glycol alginate solvent, frozen desserts Hodag® S-35 K solvent, fruits Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate solvent, fruit/vegetable coatings Penreco Snow solvent, gelatin Propylene glycol alginate solvent, gelatin desserts Caprylic alcohol solvent, gravies Propylene glycol alginate solvent, hops: beer brewing Butyl alcohol solvent, ice cream Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Bornyl acetate; Caprylic alcohol; Glyceryl stearate solvent, infant formulas Captex® 350 solvent, jams Propylene glycol alginate solvent, jellies Propylene glycol alginate solvent, low-fat prods. Glycerin solvent, marshmallows Glycerin solvent, meat prods. Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl oleate solvent, natural flavors Butylene glycol solvent, nutritional applics. Caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride; Caprylic/capric/linoleic triglyceride; Caprylic/capric/oleic triglyceride; Captex® 810D; Captex® 8227 2495

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Triundecanoin solvent, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® MCM; Captex® 350 solvent, nuts Glyceryl stearate solvent, oil-disp. materials: dietary formulations Liponate GC-K; Liponate PC solvent, oil-disp. materials: flavors Liponate GC-K; Liponate PC solvent, oil-soluble food additives Capric triglyceride; Delios® C; Delios® V solvent, oil-soluble food additives: dietetic prods. Delios® S; Delios® VK solvent, oil-soluble food additives: sport foods Delios® S; Delios® VK solvent, olives Lactic acid solvent, peanut butter Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate solvent, pet foods Propylene Glycol USP, FCC solvent, poultry Lactic acid solvent, process: food Methyl chloride solvent, processing: food processing Drakesol® 165AT solvent, processing: fruit processing Petroleum distillates solvent, processing: vegetable processing Petroleum distillates solvent, protective coatings: citrus fruits Heptane; Shellsol® Heptane; Shellsol® W HT solvent, protective coatings: egg shells Naphtha solvent, protective coatings: food Naphtha solvent, protective coatings: fresh fruits Naphtha solvent, protective coatings: fresh vegetables Naphtha solvent, pudding mixes Caprylic alcohol solvent, puddings Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Bornyl acetate; Glyceryl stearate; Propylene glycol alginate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

solvent: rapid absorption, metabolization of fat for dietetic foods Delios® solvent, seasonings Propylene glycol alginate solvent, shortening Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate; Hodag® S-35 K solvent, snack foods Propylene Glycol USP, FCC solvent, soluble colorants Captex® 200; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate solvent, synthetic flavors Butylene glycol solvent, syrups Bornyl acetate solvent, vegetable froth flotation Deodorized kerosene; PD-23; PD-25; PD-28 solvent, vegetable oils Glyceryl oleate solvent, vitamins Delios®; Lexol® PG-800; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate; Propylene glycol dioctanoate solvent, whipped toppings Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate; Hodag® S-35 K solvent, wine Lactic acid soothing agent, aloe juice blends Aloe Gold Seal-Natural soothing agent, dietary supplements Aloe Gold Seal-Natural soothing agent, edible prods. Terra-Pure™ Certified Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 200X soothing agent, health drinks Aloe Gold Seal-Natural; Terra-Pure™ Certified Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 200X soothing agent, sports/fitness drinks Aloe Gold Seal-Natural; Terra-Pure™ Certified Freeze Dried Aloe Vera Powder 200X soya lecithin substitute, chocolate prods. Ammonium phosphatides soya lecithin substitute, cocoa Ammonium phosphatides soya lecithin substitute, confectionery Ammonium phosphatides

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference soybean oil substitute Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil soy protein source, beverages Pro-Fam® 782; Pro-Fam® 873; Pro-Fam® 880; Pro-Fam® 891 soy protein source, creamers Pro-Fam® 780; Pro-Fam® 781 soy protein source, dairy blends Pro-Fam® 873; Pro-Fam® 891 soy protein source, dairy-free prods. Pro-Fam® 781 soy protein source, dry powdered mixes Pro-Fam® 646 soy protein source, extruded cereal pieces Pro-Fam® 825; Pro-Fam® 873; Pro-Fam® 880; Pro-Fam® 891 soy protein source, food Pro-Fam® 974 soy protein source, functional food applics. Pro-Fam® 782 soy protein source, gravies Pro-Fam® 873; Pro-Fam® 891 soy protein source, high-fat powders Pro-Fam® 780; Pro-Fam® 781 soy protein source, high-protein nutritional foods Pro-Fam® 930; Pro-Fam® 931 soy protein source, high-protein rice crisps Pro-Fam® 780 soy protein source, infant formulas Pro-Fam® 780; Pro-Fam® 781 soy protein source, injected meat prods. Pro-Fam® 646 soy protein source, low-energy processing systems Pro-Fam® 977 soy protein source, low-viscosity beverages Pro-Fam® 825 soy protein source, milk-replacers Pro-Fam® 781 soy protein source, nutraceutical foods Pro-Fam® 782 soy protein source, nutritional bars Pro-Fam® 780; Pro-Fam® 782; Pro-Fam® 825; Pro-Fam® 873; Pro-Fam® 932 soy protein source, nutritional beverages Pro-Fam® 892; Pro-Fam® 922 soy protein source, nutritional supplements Pro-Fam® 780; Pro-Fam® 781 soy protein source, pasta Pro-Fam® 976

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

soy protein source, powdered nutritional beverages Pro-Fam® 932 soy protein source, sauces Pro-Fam® 873; Pro-Fam® 875; Pro-Fam® 891 soy protein source, soups Pro-Fam® 873; Pro-Fam® 875; Pro-Fam® 891 soy protein source, spray-dried prods. Pro-Fam® 780; Pro-Fam® 781 soy protein source, supplements Pro-Fam® 873; Pro-Fam® 891 soy substitute, meat Lupine protein soy substitute, sausages Lupine protein spice Bro-Spice; Essiccum®; Garlic powder spoilage inhibitor, flat-sour: canned coffee drinks DK Ester F-160 spoilage inhibitor, flat-sour: canned tea drinks DK Ester F-160 spray-drying agent, dairy flavors EmCap-Instant 12639 spray-drying agent, high-fat systems EmCap 06376 spray-drying agent, liquid clouds EmCap-Instant 12639 spray-drying agent, savory EmCap 06376 spray-drying agent, spices EmCap 06376 spray-drying agent, spray-dried cheeses EmCap-Instant 12639 spray-drying agent, spray-dried citrus oils EmCap-Instant 12639 spray-drying agent, spray-dried clouds EmCap-Instant 12639 spray-drying agent, spray-dried essences EmCap-Instant 12639 spray drying aid Maltrin® M250 spray drying aid, heat-sensitive prods. Glucidex 6 D spreadability improver Captex® SBE

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference spreading agent, food PEG-6 dilaurate; PEG-20 dilaurate; PEG-32 dilaurate; PEG-75 dilaurate; PEG-150 dilaurate PEG-4 dioleate; PEG-6 dioleate; PEG-20 dioleate; PEG-32 dioleate; PEG-75 dioleate PEG-150 dioleate; PEG-6 distearate; PEG-20 distearate; PEG-32 distearate; PEG-75 distearate PEG-32 laurate; PEG-6 oleate; PEG-32 oleate; PEG-75 oleate; PEG-6 stearate PEG-32 stearate; PEG-75 stearate; Propylene glycol stearate SE spreading agent, margarine Lipovol SUN stabilizer Alcolec® PS 20 P; Alcolec® PS 40 P; Alcolec® PS 50 P; Aqualon® 7HF; BFP 65K C*HiForm 12715; C*HiForm 12716; C*HiForm 12791; Cithrol GMO N/E; Crillet 4 Super C*Tex-Instant 12616; DREWMULSE® GMC810; 6-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4trimethylquinoline; Genu® Pectin USP/200; Genu® Pectin USP-L/200 GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY; Imwitor® 928; Lipopan 50 BG; Merecol® I Merecol® LK; SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40; SAPP 43 SAPP RD-1; Sucrose; Terra Alba; Thermal Select 75%/80%/85% (FG); TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry NF/USP Powd. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Tica-thick stabilizer, acidic food systems Homecraft™ Create 730; Homecraft™ Create 765; Homecraft™ Express 760; Mira-Sperse® 623; Mira-Thik® 468 Mira-Thik® 603; Perma-Flo®; Rezista® stabilizer, acidic sauces Mira-Thik® 603 stabilizer, acid systems Gelatinized Dura-Jel® stabilizer, adhesion systems Kelcogel® F stabilizer, aerated confectionery Hi-Set® CHG; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Pre-Hydrated®; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd. stabilizer, alcoholic beverages Aloe extract; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 X Powder stabilizer, alpha-crystalline: sponge cake foaming gels DS-100A; J-0021; J-0081H; J-0381; PB-100 PO-100; PP-100; PS-100 stabilizer, anchovies Manugel® DMB stabilizer, animal fats Eisai Natural Vitamin E Series stabilizer, anthocyanin-containing prods. StabilEnhance® WSR stabilizer, apples Sucrose fatty acid esters stabilizer, aq. foods Novation® 1600 stabilizer, aquaculture Manugel® GMB stabilizer, aseptically processed foods Maxi-Gel® 7776 stabilizer, aseptic puddings Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230; Novation® Prima 600; Tenderfil® 428 stabilizer, aseptic/shelf-stable foods PolarTex 06747 stabilizer, Asian sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder stabilizer, aspics Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Manucol® DH; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB stabilizer, baby drinks C*Tex-Instant 12616 stabilizer, baby foods C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06218; C*Tex 06219; Freezist® M Kol Guard® 7413; Pectin, amidated; PermaFlo®; Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AX-P; Tenderfil® 8 2498

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Tenderfil® 9 stabilizer, baby meals C*Tex-Instant 12616 stabilizer, bacteriological: cassler Oxipur stabilizer, bacteriological: cooked meats Oxipur stabilizer, bacteriological: food Oxipur stabilizer, bacteriological: ham Oxipur stabilizer, bacteriological: poultry prods. Oxipur stabilizer, bacteriological: tongue Oxipur stabilizer, baked buns TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT PreHydrated® stabilizer, baked cream fillings Concentrated DARILOID® XL stabilizer, baked goods Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Brominated vegetable oil; Calcium acetate; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Emulfluid®; Glyceryl stearate SE; Grindsted™ FSB; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV) Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Hodag® S35 K; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Keltrol®; Keltrol® 521 Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Lactic acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Lecithin; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Methylcellulose; Palm oil sucroglyceride; PEG-8 stearate Polydextrose; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium bicarbonate; Potassium hydroxide; Powdered Guar Gum Type A Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200; Propylene glycol alginate Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Sucrose fatty acid esters; TIC Pretested® Caragum 300 2473 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® CMXanthan Powd.; Whetpro®-75 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Xanthan gum stabilizer, baker's jellies Rezista® stabilizer, bakery bun glazes TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd. stabilizer, bakery cream fillings Ultra-Tex® 1 stabilizer, bakery creams PolarTex 06748 stabilizer, bakery emulsions Ticaxan® Regular stabilizer, bakery filling creams Manucol® DMF; MANUCOL® SMF stabilizer, bakery fillings Dariloid® QH; Gelatinized Dura-Jel®; Kelcogel®; KELSET®; KELTONE® HV KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol®; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF; Manucol® DM; Manucol® JKT; Manucol® LB; Manugel® C Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ; Mira-Cleer® 187; Mira-Quik® MGL; Mira-Thik® 606 Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, bakery fillings/icings Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum stabilizer, bakery flavors TIC Pretested® Aragum® T-1998 Powder stabilizer, bakery fruit fillings Grindsted™ PECTIN FB 220; Grindsted™ PECTIN FB 850 stabilizer, bakery gels TIC Pretested® Colloid 600 Powder stabilizer, bakery glazes Manucol® DH; Methocel® K3 Premium; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder stabilizer, bakery icings Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21; Vis*Quick® 21

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, bakery jellies Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ; Sodium Alginate HV Sodium Alginate LV stabilizer, bakery mixes C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 stabilizer, bakery prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085; CarraLite™; C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209 C*Tex 06219; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*TexInstant 12606; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; MAPS® 501; Panalite® 90-80 K Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K; PEG80 sorbitan laurate; Protector Gelatin; Tylopur® C 10000 P2 Tylopur® CB 30000 P2; Ultra-Tex® 2 stabilizer, bakery toppings Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium stabilizer, baking fat emulsions Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids stabilizer, baking mixes Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Polydextrose stabilizer, baking powder Calcium glycerophosphate; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium phosphate; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, baking stable fruit fillings C*Tex 06204 stabilizer, bananas Sucrose fatty acid esters stabilizer, barbecue sauces Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S stabilizer, bar mixes TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder stabilizer, batters Kelcogel® F; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S; Keltrol® Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Sorbitan 60 K stabilizer, BBQ sauces TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth 200 stabilizer, beef patties t-Butyl hydroquinone stabilizer, beer Britesorb®; Britesorb® A 100; Britesorb® D300 Beer Stabilizer; Britesorb® D300CE Beer Stabilizer; Bromelain Divergan® F; Divergan® RS; Hops (Humulus lupulus) extract; Polyclar® 10; Polyclar® Super R Silica; Trehalose stabilizer, beer malting Potassium chloride stabilizer, beet sugar processing Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, beverage mixes C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12605 stabilizer, beverage mix processing Merecol® GX stabilizer, beverage powders Lecithin stabilizer, beverages Agar; Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605 Akucell® AF 1705; Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205 Akucell® AF 2405; Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982

2500

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Akucell® AF 2985; Akucell® AF 3085; Aloe barbadensis extract; Aloe extract; Ascorbyl palmitate Brominated vegetable oil; CarraVis™ Series; C*EmCap; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Divergan® F Galactomannan; Genu® Pectins; Glycine; Gum ghatti; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Keltrol® HP; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum MingQiong Brand; N-Lite® CL; Pectin; Potassium citrate; Powdered Guar Gum Type A Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Sucrose fatty acid esters; TIC Pretested® Aragum® T-1998 Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder; Trisodium citrate; Xanthan gum stabilizer, biscuits BV 40; BV 46; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200 stabilizer, black olives Potassium hydroxide stabilizer, body/chill: dairy desserts Resistamyl 341 stabilizer, body/chill: dry mixes Resistamyl 341 stabilizer, body/chill: sauces Resistamyl 341 stabilizer, body/chill: soups Resistamyl 341 stabilizer, boiled sausages Imwitor® 380 stabilizer, bologna Emser® 555 stabilizer, bread improvers Imwitor® 900 stabilizer, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelcogel® F stabilizer, breads Ascorbyl palmitate; Bromelain; DREWMULSE® 200K; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Trehalose stabilizer, breakfast drinks TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, broths Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, butter Starch sodium octenyl succinate stabilizer, buttercream A.B.C. #7 stabilizer, buttermilk dressings Merecol® S stabilizer, cake batter/icing/shortening Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, cake/bread mixes Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ stabilizer, cake fillings Polysorbate 65; Tenderfil® 8 stabilizer, cake icings Polysorbate 65 stabilizer, cake mixes Acacia; Calcium acetate; C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12606; C*Tex-Instant 12612 Gelatinized Dura-Jel®; Gum ghatti; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Myverol® 18-07K; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids Polysorbate 65; Redisol® 412; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder stabilizer, cakes Benecel® MP 843; BV 40; BV 46; C*EmTex; C*Tex 06219 Grindsted™ GA 1350; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Myverol® P-06K; Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 65 Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200; Shellac wax stabilizer, candy Arabinogalactan; DREWMULSE® 200K; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Magnesium stearate; Maltodextrin Myverol® 18-04K; Myverol® 18-07K; Potassium acid tartrate stabilizer, canned custards C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06214 stabilizer, canned fish Novation® 1600 stabilizer, canned foods Fruitfil® 1; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Keltrol®; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT

2501

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Maximaize® DJ; Maximaize® HV MingQiong Brand; Pectin, amidated; PermaFlo®; Tenderfil® 8; Tenderfil® 9 stabilizer, canned fruit fillings PolarTex 06747 stabilizer, canned pet foods Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 stabilizer, canned puddings Freezist® M stabilizer, canned sauces PolarTex 06748 stabilizer, canned soups PolarTex 06748 stabilizer, canned vegetables Novation® 1600 stabilizer, caramel Actogel 1315; Potassium phosphate stabilizer, caramel fillings Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265 Viscarin® BK 1761 stabilizer, caramel toppings Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265 Viscarin® BK 1761 stabilizer, cereals Bromelain; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Py-ran®; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Tenox® BHT; Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ Whetpro®-75 stabilizer, cheese analogs Grindsted™ BK; Whetpro®-75 stabilizer, cheesecake Citri-Fi® 100 FG; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer 424 Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC-424 Heavy Duty stabilizer, cheesecake mixes Dariloid® QH stabilizer, cheesecake toppings Manucol® DH; MANUCOL® SMF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, cheese derivs. Struct-Sure® 20 stabilizer, cheese dips Concentrated DARILOID® XL stabilizer, cheese preps. C*HiForm 12748; C*Tex-Instant 12616 stabilizer, cheese processing Potassium phosphate stabilizer, cheeses Imwitor® 372 P; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Locust Bean Gum Type A100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 Oat gum; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium tartrate Tetrasodium pyrophosphate stabilizer, cheese sauces C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 12748; C*TexInstant 12616; Homecraft™ Create 765; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer 424 Powder stabilizer, cheese spreads Bakers yeast extract; Karaya Gum FCC; Manucol® DH; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 stabilizer, cheese spreads/dips Baker's yeast glycan stabilizer, chewing gum Alphadim® 90AB; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Myverol® 18-07K; Polydextrose; Potassium tripolyphosphate Sucrose fatty acid esters stabilizer, chewing gum bases DREWMULSE® 200K stabilizer, chiffon pies Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 stabilizer, chiffons Concentrated DARILOID® XL; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF stabilizer, chili Xanthan gum stabilizer, chilled dairy desserts C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06219 stabilizer, chilled desserts C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06214; Manucol® DM; MANUCOL® SMF

2502

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, chilled puddings C*Tex 06204 stabilizer, chill: neutral pH canned foods Resistamyl 341 stabilizer, chip dips Redisol® 88 stabilizer, chocolate compds. Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids stabilizer, chocolate flavors Malt extract stabilizer, chocolate milk TIC Pretested® Colloid 780 MB stabilizer, chocolate milk drinks Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Lactarin® CM 2254 Milkvis CM™ stabilizer, citrus concs. Manucol® Ester ER/K; Manucol® Ester M stabilizer, citrus-flavored fillings: pies/cakes Fruitfil® 1 stabilizer, citrus flavored puddings: pies/cakes Fruitfil® 1 stabilizer, citrus oil: beverages Hercules® Ester Gum 8BG stabilizer, citrus pulp suspensions TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder stabilizer, clear beverages Keltrol® T 622 stabilizer, clear fruit juices Divergan® F stabilizer, clear syrups TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powder stabilizer, clinical formulas Magnesium Caseinate S stabilizer, cloud emulsions: bakery emulsions National® 912 stabilizer, cloud emulsions: carbonated beverages National® 912 stabilizer, cloud emulsions: food emulsions National® 912 stabilizer, cloud emulsions: liquid foods National® 912 stabilizer, cloud emulsions: vitamin suspensions National® 912 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, coating batters Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB stabilizer, cocoa Potassium hydroxide stabilizer, cocoa-based confectionery Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate stabilizer, cocoa beverages Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered stabilizer, cocoa powders Lecithin stabilizer, cod liver oil emulsions Sodium hypophosphite stabilizer, coffee whiteners C*EmTex; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Disodium citrate; Hodag® S-35 K; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K; Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 65 stabilizer, cold instant bakery fillings Viscarin® BK 1761 stabilizer, cold pack cheeses Kelgum® 331 stabilizer, cold-prepared fruit fillings Prejel™ 200 stabilizer, cold-prepared jams Prejel™ 200 stabilizer, cold processing Meyprodyn 200® stabilizer, cold-temp. storage: frozen dinners Ultra-Tex® 2000 stabilizer, cold-temp. storage: frozen foods Colflo® 67; Ultra-Sperse® 2000; UltraSperse® M; Ultra-Tex® 4; Ultra-Tex® 2000 stabilizer, cold-temp. storage: frozen meat gravies Colflo® 67 stabilizer, cold-temp. storage: frozen meat pies Colflo® 67 stabilizer, cold-temp. storage: frozen Oriental foods Colflo® 67 stabilizer, cold-temp. storage: frozen pot pies Ultra-Tex® 2000 stabilizer, cold-temp. storage: frozen sauces Colflo® 67 stabilizer, cold-temp. storage: frozen soups Colflo® 67 2503

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, cold-temp. storage: fruit pie fillings Colflo® 67 stabilizer, cold-temp. storage: refrigerated foods Ultra-Sperse® 2000; Ultra-Sperse® M; UltraTex® 4; Ultra-Tex® 2000 stabilizer, cold-water dessert gels Keltone® stabilizer, colloidal: beverages Divergan® HM stabilizer, colloidal: confectionery Dextrin stabilizer, colloidal: food Dextrin; Food starch, modified stabilizer, colloidal: pasta Dextrin stabilizer, colloidal: pizza dough Dextrin stabilizer, colloidal: snack foods Dextrin stabilizer, colloidal: sparkling wine stock Divergan® HM stabilizer, colloidal: wine stock Divergan® HM stabilizer, color (white): cooked potatoes Taterfos® stabilizer, colorants Eisai Natural Vitamin E Series; Essiccum®; Essiccum® K stabilizer, colorants: black olives Ferrous gluconate dihydrate stabilizer, colorants: bologna Curavis® 250 stabilizer, colorants: cassler Oxipur stabilizer, colorants: cooked meats Oxipur stabilizer, colorants: cooked sausages Curavis® 250 stabilizer, colorants: cured meat Curafos® 11-2 stabilizer, colorants: distilled alcohol beverages Calcium disodium EDTA stabilizer, colorants/flavor suspensions Lecigran™ 5750 stabilizer, colorants: food Calcium sulfite; Eribate®; Oxipur stabilizer, colorants: frankfurters Curavis® 250 stabilizer, colorants: fruits Erythorbic acid Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, colorants: hams Oxipur stabilizer, colorants: knockwurst Curavis® 250 stabilizer, colorants: meat prods. Erythorbic acid stabilizer, colorants: meats Erythorbic acid stabilizer, colorants: oxidizable substances Aqualon® N-7; Aqualon® N-10; Aqualon® N-14; Aqualon® N-22; Aqualon® N-50 Aqualon® N-100 stabilizer, colorants: poultry prods. Oxipur stabilizer, colorants: semi-dried sausage/salami Rocarna stabilizer, colorants: tongue Oxipur stabilizer, colorants: Vienna sausages Curavis® 250 stabilizer, color: black olives Ferrous gluconate stabilizer, color/flavor suspensions Lecigran™ 6750; Lecigran™ A; Lecigran™ C; Lecigran™ F; Lecigran™ M Lecigran™ T stabilizer, condiments NovaXan 200; Propylene glycol alginate stabilizer, confection coatings Polysorbate 60 stabilizer, confectionery Acacia; CarraLite™; Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Gum ghatti; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Kelcogel®; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250 Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Manucol® Ester M; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; Polydextrose; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids Potassium acid tartrate; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium;

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; PVP; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra; Stabilite™ 1 Stabilite™ SD30; Stabilite™ SD60; Tapioca dextrin; Trisodium citrate; Vis*Quick® 11 stabilizer, confectionery coatings Myverol® 18-07K; Span® 65; Span® 65K stabilizer, confectionery jellies Mira-Quik® MGL stabilizer, convenience beverages Genu® Pectin USP/100 stabilizer, convenience foods Genu® Pectins; Genu® Pectin USP/100; Meyprogen®-MS®; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; Redisol® 412 stabilizer, cooked sausages Imwitor® 380 stabilizer, cookie fillings Kelgum® 87 stabilizer, cookies Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; C*TexInstant 12605 Gelatinized Dura-Jel® stabilizer, cook-up home preps. Novation® 2600; Novation® 9260 stabilizer, cosmetics TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 X Powder stabilizer, cottage cheese Grindsted™ BK; OptaGrade®; OptaMist® stabilizer, cottage cheese dressings Concentrated DARILOID® KB stabilizer, cottage cheese fruit Concentrated DARILOID® KB stabilizer, crackers C*Tex-Instant 12616; Maltodextrin; Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ stabilizer, cream PolarTex 06748; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, cream-based beverages TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder stabilizer, cream cheese Concentrated DARILOID® KB; Grindsted™ BK; Merecol® GL; OptaGrade®; OptaMist® Pectin, amidated; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer 424 Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC424 Heavy Duty stabilizer, creamers C*EmTex stabilizer, cream fillings C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06219; Purity® 69; SoftSet®; Starco™ 447 stabilizer, cream pie fillings Thermflo® stabilizer, cream sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth Powder stabilizer, cream soups EM 6 stabilizer, cream-style corn Maximaize® HV; Purity® CS C stabilizer, cream-style corn mfg. Consista® stabilizer, creamy salad dressings Propylene Glycol Alginate HV stabilizer, creme fillings Tenderfil® 9 stabilizer, cultured buttermilk Disodium citrate stabilizer, cultured dairy prods. Struct-Sure® 20 stabilizer, cured meat prods. Disodium citrate; Malt extract stabilizer, custards Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Thermflo® stabilizer, dairy based sauces Mira-Cleer® 187 stabilizer, dairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids stabilizer, dairy dips Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum stabilizer, dairy/fruit dips Insta*Thick® X-10 stabilizer, dairy prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705

2505

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085; Calcium Caseinate R; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); CarraLite™; CarraVis™ Series Cellogen HP-5HS; Cellogen HP-6HS; Cellogen HP-6HS.9; Cellogen HP-12HS; Cellogen HP-SB Concentrated DARILOID® KB; DARILOID®; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Kelcogel® Kelcogel® F; Kelcogel® LT; Kelgum® 87; Mira-Thik® 469; Mira-Thik® 606 Multi-Kem FG 30-40X; Multi-Kem FG 30-70; Multi-Kem FG 60-30; Multi-Kem FG 60-50; Multi-Kem FG 60-70 Novation® 2700; Novation® 3300; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9270; Novation® 9330 Novation® 9360; Novation® Prima 300; OptaGrade®; OptaMist®; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate Potassium hydroxide; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB Sucrose fatty acid esters; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 X Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC-424 Heavy Duty; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC-1692 Powder TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® CM-Xanthan Powd. stabilizer, deep-frozen prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 stabilizer, dehydrated potatoes Alphadim® 90AB; Sodium stearoyl lactylate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, deli meats PenBind® 100; PROVImel® DN 12; PROVImel® DN 15 stabilizer, dessert dry mixes Dariloid® QH stabilizer, dessert gels Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® LT; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Manugel® DJX Manugel® GHB stabilizer, dessert mixes CarraLite™ stabilizer, desserts Agar; Mira-Quik® MGL; Novation® 2700; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9270 Novation® 9360; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Tylopur® C 1000 P2; Xanthan gum stabilizer, diabetic food Xylitol stabilizer, dietary/nutritional beverages CarraLite™ stabilizer, dietetic beverages Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered stabilizer, dietetic drinks Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Potassium bicarbonate stabilizer, dietetic food Calcium Caseinate S; Xylitol stabilizer, dietetic foods KELMAR®; Tenderfil® 9 stabilizer, dietetic prods. Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; PROVIgel® DPG 1; PROVIgel® DPG 3; PROVIgel® DPG 5; PROVIgel® DPG 7 PROVIgel® DPG 9; PROVIgel® DPG 11 stabilizer, diet jellies Benecel® MP 843 stabilizer, dimensional: baked goods JustFiber® WWF10; JustFiber® WWF40; JustFiber® WWF200; JustFiber® WWF300; Solka-Floc® 20 FCC Solka-Floc® 200 FCC; Solka-Floc® 300 FCC; Solka-Floc® 900 FCC stabilizer, dimensional: fragile foods JustFiber® BF200 FCC; JustFiber® BF200; JustFiber® BFC 40; JustFiber® BVF 65 FCC; JustFiber® BVF 200 FCC JustFiber® C10CL; JustFiber® C100FCC

2506

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, dimensional: freezing/cooking meats Solka-Floc® JF 600/20; Solka-Floc® JF BH40 FCC; Solka-Floc® JF BH200 FCC; Solka-Floc® JF HS40 FCC stabilizer, dips Actoloid® 303; Binasol™ 15; EM 6; Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230 Novation® Prima 600; Starco™ 447 stabilizer, dispersions: baked goods Emulfluid® A stabilizer, dispersions: food Emulfluid® A stabilizer, dispersions: infant formulas Emulfluid® A stabilizer, dispersions: margarine Emulfluid® A stabilizer, dispersions: powdered mixes Emulfluid® A stabilizer, dispersions: release agents Emulfluid® A stabilizer, dough Py-ran®; Tylopur® C 10000 P2; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 stabilizer, doughnuts Benecel® MP 843 stabilizer, dough structure: baked goods Lecigran™ 5750 stabilizer, dressings Actoloid® 303; Binasol™ 15; C8-10 acid triglyceride; C*HiForm 12747; C*HiForm 12748 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Imwitor® 361; Imwitor® 370; Imwitor® 372; Imwitor® 373 Imwitor® 380; Kelcogel® LT; Keltrol®; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP 594; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Meyprogen®-MS®; Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate; Polysorbate 60 Protanal Ester SD-H; PROVImel® DN 13; Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347 Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Softenol® 3108; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd. stabilizer, dried meats t-Butyl hydroquinone stabilizer, dried milk prods. Potassium bicarbonate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, drink bases Magnesium caseinate stabilizer, drink mixes Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 stabilizer, dry cereals t-Butyl hydroquinone stabilizer, dry food mixes C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209 C*Tex 06214; C*Tex 06219; C*Tex-Instant 12616; Ultra-Sperse® stabilizer, dry instant foods Mira-Thik® 468; Mira-Thik® 469 stabilizer, dry mixes Binasol™ 15; C*Tex 06218; Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10; KELMAR® Keltrol®; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF; Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ Novation® 2700; Novation® 9270; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728; Redisol® 88 Starco™ 447; Succinic anhydride; Ticaxan® Regular; Ultra-Sperse® A; Ultra-Tex® 1 stabilizer, dry mixes: gravies Ultra-Tex® 2 stabilizer, dry mixes: low sugar systems Mira-Sperse® 623 stabilizer, dry mixes: sauces Ultra-Tex® 2 stabilizer, dry mix foods Mira-Thik® 603; Mira-Thik® 606 stabilizer, dry pudding mixes Calcium lactobionate; Mira-Cleer® 187 stabilizer, dry sauces Fruitfil® 1 stabilizer, dry soup mix processing Merecol® GX stabilizer, dry whipped toppings Acetylated hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, edible fats t-Butyl hydroquinone; Tenox® TBHQ stabilizer, egg batters BV 46 stabilizer, egg custard Tylopur® C 1000 P2 stabilizer, egg nog Concentrated DARILOID® KB stabilizer, eggnog Concentrated DARILOID® XL stabilizer, egg prods. Manucol® JKT stabilizer, eggs Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate stabilizer, emulsified meats EM 7; Midsol™ 2AD; Pure-Gel® B990 stabilizer, emulsified sauces Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides stabilizer-emulsifier, rice ice cream Riplex IF-22; Riplex IS-10 stabilizer-emulsifier, sherbets Riplex SF-33 stabilizer, emulsions Ardex® F; Ardex® F Dispersible; BFP L 100; Celish®; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Merecol® FA; Panodan™ 120 Series; Panodan™ 140 Series; Panodan™ 150 Panodan™ 205; Panodan™ FDP; Panodan™ SDK; Santone® 10-10-0; SAPPNL TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd.; Vis*Quick® 11 stabilizer, emulsions: Asian marinades/sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder stabilizer, emulsions: baked goods Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS LG FG; Emulfluid® A; Gumixan K Gumixan KF; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470 stabilizer, emulsions: bakery emulsions GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA; Purity® Gum 539; Purity® Gum BE stabilizer, emulsions: bakery fillings Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, emulsions: bakery fillings/icings Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, emulsions: bakery icings Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, emulsions: baking prods. GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, emulsions: beverage clouds Purity® Gum 539; Purity® Gum 1773; Purity® Gum 2000 stabilizer, emulsions: beverage dry mixes Encapsul® 855; National® 46; N-Lok® stabilizer, emulsions: beverages GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum N-Creamer™ 46; Polyglyceryl-3 shortening stabilizer, emulsions: bologna Curavis® 250 stabilizer, emulsions: bread Glyceryl mono shortening stabilizer, emulsions: broths Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, emulsions: cake dry mixes Encapsul® 855; N-Lok® stabilizer, emulsions: cake mixes GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, emulsions: cakes Glyceryl mono shortening; National® 46; Polyglyceryl-3 shortening stabilizer, emulsions: calf starters Crill 4; Crillet 3; Vykamol 83G stabilizer, emulsions: canned foods Gumixan K; Gumixan KF stabilizer, emulsions: canned pet foods Methocel® K100LV Premium stabilizer, emulsions: caramel Atlas® 1500 stabilizer, emulsions: cereals GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, emulsions: cheeses GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, emulsions: chewing gum Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470 stabilizer, emulsions: cloud emulsions: carbonated beverages Purity® Gum BE stabilizer, emulsions: cloud emulsions: still beverages Purity® Gum BE 2508

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, emulsions: cocoa-based confectionery Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate stabilizer, emulsions: coffee creamers N-Creamer™ 46 stabilizer, emulsions: coffee whiteners Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Crillet 3 stabilizer, emulsions: cole slaw dressings GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, emulsions: confectionery Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS LG FG; GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 210 Powder Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, emulsions: cooked meat prods. Ceamgel 1313™ stabilizer, emulsions: cooked sausages Curavis® 250 stabilizer, emulsions: cookie dry mixes N-Lok® stabilizer, emulsions: cookies National® 46 stabilizer, emulsions: cream fillings Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides stabilizer, emulsions: dairy mixes Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS LG FG; Glyceryl mono shortening; GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200 GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, emulsions: dairy systems Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470 stabilizer, emulsions: desserts Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; Polyglyceryl-3 shortening stabilizer, emulsions: dietary supplements Tween® 80V Pharma stabilizer, emulsions: dietetic prods. Methocel® K15M Premium stabilizer, emulsions: diet spreads Canola oil glyceride; Myverol® 18-99 stabilizer, emulsions: dressings Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate stabilizer, emulsions: dry mixes Encapsul® 855

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, emulsions: edible oils/shortenings Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS LG FG stabilizer, emulsions: emulsions Vis*Quick® 11 stabilizer, emulsions: emulsions: broths Vis*Quick® 11 stabilizer, emulsions: encapsulation Methocel® K3 Premium stabilizer, emulsions: extruded seafood prods. Methocel® K4M Premium stabilizer, emulsions: fat/oil containing foods Purity® Gum 1773; Purity® Gum 2000 stabilizer, emulsions: fat/oil contg. food Purity® Gum BE stabilizer, emulsions: flavor emulsions Purity® Gum 1773; Purity® Gum 2000 stabilizer, emulsions: flavoring oils for nonalcoholic beverages Sucrose acetate isobutyrate stabilizer, emulsions: flavor oil emulsions Methocel® K3 Premium stabilizer, emulsions: flavors EFICACIA™; Premium Granular Gum Arabic; Premium Powdered Gum Arabic; Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic stabilizer, emulsions: flavors: carbonated beverages Purity® Gum BE stabilizer, emulsions: flavor-sensitive meat systems Supro® EX Isolated Soy Protein stabilizer, emulsions: flavors: still beverages Purity® Gum BE stabilizer, emulsions: food Ablunol S-20; Ablunol S-60; Ablunol S-80; Ablunol S-85; Aldo® HMS-65 KFG Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS LG FG; Canola oil glyceride; Crill 3; DK Ester F-20W DK Ester F-50; Emulfluid® A; Glyceryl mono shortening; GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Lipo GMS 450 Lipo GMS 470; Methocel® E4M Premium EP; Methocel® E6 Premium; Methocel® E15LV Premium; Methocel® K4M Premium Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100M

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Premium; Microcrystalline cellulose; Oleyl alcohol Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate; Polyglyceryl-3 shortening; Powdered Gum Ghatti G-1; Purity® Gum 539; Purity® Gum 1773 Purity® Gum 2000; Purity® Gum BE; Santone® 8-1-O; Scogin™ HV; Scogin™ LV Scogin™ MV; Sorbitan myristate; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein; Soy glyceride stabilizer, emulsions: frankfurters Curavis® 250 stabilizer, emulsions: frozen dairy desserts Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, emulsions: frozen desserts Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470 stabilizer, emulsions: frozen foods Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum stabilizer, emulsions: frozen spaghetti Soybean (Glycine soja) protein stabilizer, emulsions: fruit beverages GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, emulsions: fruit fillings GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM; Hydroxypropylcellulose; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 210 Powder stabilizer, emulsions: fruit preps. GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA stabilizer, emulsions: gravies Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Methocel® K15M Premium; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Colloid 886 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, emulsions/heat: baby foods Merecol® I stabilizer, emulsions/heat: bakery jellies Merecol® I stabilizer, emulsions/heat: chip dips Merecol® I stabilizer, emulsions/heat: imitation sour cream Merecol® I

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, emulsions/heat: milk-based gelled foods Merecol® I stabilizer, emulsions/heat: milk-based puddings Merecol® I stabilizer, emulsions/heat: pie fillings Merecol® I stabilizer, emulsions/heat: tomato aspic Merecol® I stabilizer, emulsions/heat: water-based gelled foods Merecol® I stabilizer, emulsions/heat: water-based puddings Merecol® I stabilizer, emulsions: heavy cream-type salad dressings Dress'n® 400 stabilizer, emulsions: high-fiber mixes Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic stabilizer, emulsions: hot sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder stabilizer, emulsions: ice cream cones Methocel® K4M Premium stabilizer, emulsions: icings Atmos® 150; Glyceryl mono shortening; Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides; Methocel® K4M Premium; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 210 Powder stabilizer, emulsions: icings/fillings Paniplex SK stabilizer, emulsions: infant formulas Emulfluid® A stabilizer, emulsions: instant soups GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, emulsions: knockwurst Curavis® 250 stabilizer, emulsions: liquid beverages Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic stabilizer, emulsions: liquid emulsions N-Creamer™ 46 stabilizer, emulsions: low-oil mayonnaise TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 243 M Powder stabilizer, emulsions: margarine Aldo® MS LG KFG; Crillet 3; Emulfluid® A; Glyceryl stearate citrate; GMS 400V Myverol® 18-04; Myverol® 18-07

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, emulsions: marinades TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. stabilizer, emulsions: meat GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, emulsions: meatballs Soybean (Glycine soja) protein stabilizer, emulsions: meat prods. Supro® EX Isolated Soy Protein stabilizer, emulsions: mousses Methocel® K100LV Premium stabilizer, emulsions: nutritional applics. Crossential® GMO stabilizer, emulsions: nutritional beverages Pro-Fam® 922 stabilizer, emulsion: soft drinks EFICACIA™ stabilizer, emulsions: oils Hydroxypropylcellulose stabilizer, emulsions: oleomargarine Glyceryl stearate citrate stabilizer, emulsions: o/w emulsions N-Creamer™ 46 stabilizer, emulsions: peanut butter Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470 stabilizer, emulsions: pet foods Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Aldo® MS LG FG; Methocel® K15M Premium stabilizer, emulsions: pickle relishes GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA stabilizer, emulsions: poultry GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein stabilizer, emulsions: pourable salad dressings TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 228 M Powder stabilizer, emulsions: powdered mixes Emulfluid® A stabilizer, emulsion: spray-dried powders N-Creamer™ 46 stabilizer, emulsions: processed foods GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, emulsions: pudding dry mixes Encapsul® 855 stabilizer, emulsions: release agents Emulfluid® A Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, emulsions: relishes GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. stabilizer, emulsions: salad dressing emulsions GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum Merecol® FAL; N-Creamer™ 46; Solec™ A; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 243 M Powder TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd.; Tween® 60 Pharma; Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, emulsions: salad dressings Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Vis*Quick® 11 stabilizer, emulsions: sauces Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Colloid 886 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250ST Powder Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, emulsions: sausages Soybean (Glycine soja) protein stabilizer, emulsions: seafood prods. Ceamgel 1313™ stabilizer, emulsions: semisolid salad dressings Dress'n® 400 stabilizer, emulsions: shortening Glyceryl mono shortening; Glyceryl stearate citrate stabilizer, emulsions: snack foods Soybean (Glycine soja) protein stabilizer, emulsions: soups Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Methocel® K4M Premium; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd.; Vis*Quick® 11 Vis*Quick® 21

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, emulsions: spice dry mixes N-Lok® stabilizer, emulsions: spice mixes National® 46 stabilizer, emulsions: spray-drying National® 46; N-Lok® stabilizer, emulsions: spreadable fats Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate stabilizer, emulsions: structured meats Methocel® K4M Premium stabilizer, emulsions: structured poultry Methocel® K4M Premium stabilizer, emulsions: sweet doughs Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470 stabilizer, emulsions: synthetic creams Crester KZ; Crester L; Crill 4; Vykamol 83G stabilizer, emulsions: syrups GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Vis*Quick® 11 Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, emulsions: tablets Microcrystalline cellulose stabilizer, emulsions: toppings Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, emulsions: Vienna sausages Curavis® 250 stabilizer, emulsions: vitamin suspensions Purity® Gum 1773; Purity® Gum 2000; Purity® Gum BE stabilizer, emulsions: vitamin tablets Hydroxypropylcellulose stabilizer, emulsions: whipped desserts Crill 4; Vykamol 83G stabilizer, emulsions: whipped toppings Aldo® HMS-65 KFG; Aldo® HMS KFG; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Lipo GMS 450; Lipo GMS 470 Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Soybean (Glycine soja) protein stabilizer, enteral formulas Magnesium Caseinate S stabilizer, enzyme preps.: fermentation industry Meritol 121; Meritol 130 stabilizer, essential oil emulsions: flavored drinks Resinogum DD stabilizer, essential oils Arabinogalactan Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, evaporated milk Disodium citrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate stabilizer, expansion: gluten-free bakery applics. Expandex™ Modified Starch stabilizer, extruded prods. Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K stabilizer, extruded snacks C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606 stabilizer, fabricated potato prods. Novation® 1600 stabilizer, farinaceous foods Kelcogel® F stabilizer, fat creams Starch sodium octenyl succinate stabilizer, fat emulsions: baby foods Midsol™ 50 stabilizer, fat emulsions: breading compds. Paygel® 290/295 stabilizer, fat emulsions: cakes Midsol™ 50 stabilizer, fat emulsions: canned chili Paygel® 290/295 stabilizer, fat emulsions: cereal prods. Midsol™ 50 stabilizer, fat emulsions: cookies Midsol™ 50 stabilizer, fat emulsions: donuts Paygel® 290/295 stabilizer, fat emulsions: flour-based mixes Paygel® 290/295 stabilizer, fat emulsions: food Paygel® 290/295 stabilizer, fat emulsions: glazes Midsol™ 50 stabilizer, fat emulsions: gravies Midsol™ 50; Paygel® 290/295 stabilizer, fat emulsions: icings Midsol™ 50 stabilizer, fat emulsions: meat sauces Paygel® 290/295 stabilizer, fat emulsions: pie crusts Midsol™ 50 stabilizer, fat emulsions: puddings Midsol™ 50 stabilizer, fat emulsions: salad dressings Midsol™ 50 2512

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, fat emulsions: sauces Midsol™ 50 stabilizer, fat emulsions: sausages Paygel® 290/295 stabilizer, fat emulsions: soups Midsol™ 50; Paygel® 290/295 stabilizer, fat particles: coffee whiteners Alphadim® 90AB; Alphadim® 90SBK stabilizer, fat-reduced foods Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel HS 73 stabilizer, fat reduction Caprol® 3GS stabilizer, fats Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Sucroglycerides; Sucrose fatty acid esters stabilizer, fat: sauces/gravies Starplex® 90 stabilizer, fats/oils Evanstab® 12; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium tartrate; Tenox® BHA; Tenox® BHT Tenox® CA-50 stabilizer, fats/oils: essential oils Oxynex® K stabilizer, fats/oils: food Oxynex® K stabilizer, fat-soluble vitamins Sucrose tribehenate stabilizer, fats: peanut butter Revel A stabilizer, fermented milks Manucol® Ester ER/K stabilizer, filling creams Manucol® DH stabilizer, fillings Calcium acetate; Calcium glycerophosphate; Insta*Thick® X-10; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Polydextrose stabilizer, fish oils Tenox® TBHQ stabilizer, fish prods. Tenox® TBHQ stabilizer, flans Furcelleran; Lactogel® FX 7351 stabilizer, flavor bases Arabinogalactan stabilizer, flavor: beer Tetrahop®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, flavor concs. Poloxamer 105; Poloxamer 108; Poloxamer 122; Poloxamer 123; Poloxamer 124 Poloxamer 181; Poloxamer 182; Poloxamer 183; Poloxamer 184; Poloxamer 185 Poloxamer 188; Poloxamer 212; Poloxamer 215; Poloxamer 217; Poloxamer 231 Poloxamer 234; Poloxamer 235; Poloxamer 237; Poloxamer 238; Poloxamer 282 Poloxamer 284; Poloxamer 288; Poloxamer 331; Poloxamer 333; Poloxamer 334 Poloxamer 335; Poloxamer 338; Poloxamer 401; Poloxamer 402; Poloxamer 403 Poloxamer 407 stabilizer, flavored sauces Novation® 2700; Novation® 9270 stabilizer, flavor emulsions C*EmCap; Keltrol®; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF stabilizer, flavor emulsions: bakery emulsions National® 912 stabilizer, flavor emulsions: carbonated beverages National® 912 stabilizer, flavor emulsions: food emulsions National® 912 stabilizer, flavor emulsions: liquid food National® 912 stabilizer, flavor emulsions: vitamin suspensions National® 912 stabilizer, flavor encapsulation C*EmCap stabilizer, flavor enhancers: high-salt liquids TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer 8444 ST stabilizer, flavoring oils: fruit-flavored beverages Brominated soybean oil; Brominated vegetable oil stabilizer, flavor: meat prods. Erythorbic acid stabilizer, flavor: meats Erythorbic acid stabilizer, flavor molecules Cavamax® W6 Food stabilizer, flavor oils Gum ghatti

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, flavors BFP L 100; EO/PO block polymer or copolymer; Ethylene oxide; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium Merecol® FA; Meroxapol 105; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Propylene glycol alginate Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A230 NF Extra; Sunmalt stabilizer, flavor-sensitive dairy systems N-Lite® CL stabilizer, flavors: fruits Erythorbic acid stabilizer, flavor syrups Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium stabilizer, flour doughs Merecol® GL stabilizer, flour mixes BV 40 stabilizer, foam Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Beneo™ ST stabilizer, foam: acidic prods. Polyaldo® HGDS stabilizer, foam: baked goods GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids stabilizer, foam: beer Gum Arabic G-150 Powdered; Gum Arabic NF/FCC Clean Amber Sorts; Hydrolyzed protein; Kelcoloid® O; Kelcoloid® S Manucol® Ester B; Spray Dried Gum Arabic NF/FCC CS-R; Tetrahop®; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT PreHydrated®; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd. stabilizer, foam: beet sugar processing Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, foam: beverages GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, foam: brewing Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra stabilizer, foam: cake batter/icing/shortening Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, foam: cake mixes Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, foam: cakes Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG stabilizer, foam: cakes/cake mixes Aldo® PGHMS KFG stabilizer, foam: canned pet foods Methocel® K100LV Premium stabilizer, foam: cereals GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, foam: cheese GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, foam: chocolate compds. Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, foam: cole slaw dressings GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, foam: confectionery GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY; Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic stabilizer, foam: dairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids stabilizer, foam: dairy prods. GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, foam: dairy whipped toppings AeroWhip® Foam Stabilizer stabilizer, foam: desserts Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium stabilizer, foam: dietetic prods. Methocel® K15M Premium stabilizer, foam: dressings Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581 stabilizer, foam: extruded seafood prods. Methocel® K4M Premium stabilizer, foam: fat-free whipped toppings TIC Pretested® Dairyblend WT-P Stabilizer stabilizer, foam: fondants TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Foam Powder stabilizer, foam: food Acacia; Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Benefiber® Capric acid; Caprylic acid; GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Methocel® E4M Premium EP; Methocel® E6 Premium; Methocel® E15LV Premium; Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100M Premium; Methyl ethyl cellulose; Myristic acid; Oleic acid Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids; Stearic acid; Triethyl citrate stabilizer, foam: frozen dairy systems Aldo® LP KFG stabilizer, foam: frozen desserts Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, foam: fruit beverages GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, foam: fruit fillings GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, foam: fruit preps. GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA stabilizer, foam: full-fat whipped toppings TIC Pretested® Dairyblend WT-P Stabilizer stabilizer, foam: gravies Methocel® K15M Premium stabilizer, foam: gums Maldex 150; Maldex 180 stabilizer, foam: high-fiber mixes Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic stabilizer, foam: ice cream cones Methocel® K4M Premium stabilizer, foam: ice poultry Methocel® K4M Premium stabilizer, foam: icings Methocel® K4M Premium stabilizer, foam: instant soups GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200 stabilizer, foam: instants soups GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, foam: jellies Maldex 150; Maldex 180 stabilizer, foam: liquid beverages Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic stabilizer, foam: malt beverages Cobalt chloride (ous); Cobalt diacetate; Cobalt sulfate (ous); PEG-240; PEG-350 PEG-2M; PEG-5M; PEG-7M; PEG-9M; PEG20M PEG-23M; PEG-45M; PEG-90M; PEG-115M; Polyox® WSR 301 Polyox® WSR 303; Polyox® WSR 308; Polyox® WSR Coagulant; Ucarfloc® Polymer 300; Ucarfloc® Polymer 302 Ucarfloc® Polymer 304; Ucarfloc® Polymer 309 stabilizer, foam: margarine Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, foam: marshmallow toppings TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Foam Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Foam Powder

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, foam: meat GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, foam: meringues Methyl ethyl cellulose; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Foam Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Foam Powder stabilizer, foam: mousses Methocel® K100LV Premium stabilizer, foam: nondairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids stabilizer, foam: nondairy whipped toppings AeroWhip® Foam Stabilizer stabilizer, foam: oils Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, foam: pet foods Methocel® K15M Premium stabilizer, foam: pickle relishes GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA stabilizer, foam: poultry GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, foam: processed foods GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY stabilizer, foam: relishes GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, foam: rendered poultry fat Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, foam: salad dressings GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, foam: sauces GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM stabilizer, foam: shortening Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids stabilizer, foam: soups Methocel® K4M Premium stabilizer, foam: structured meats Methocel® K4M Premium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, foam: syrups GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA stabilizer, foam: topping powders Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids stabilizer, foam: whipped cream Polyaldo® HGDS KFG; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Foam Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Foam Powder stabilizer, foam: whipped desserts Crester KZ stabilizer, foam: whipped toppings Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581 Benecel® MP 824; Gelcarin® GP-379NF; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methyl ethyl cellulose Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, foam: yeast Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, folic acid preps. Potassium ascorbate stabilizer, fondants Binasol™ 15 stabilizer, food Acacia; Acetylated distarch adipate; Acetylated distarch glycerol; Acetylated distarch phosphate; Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Acetylated oxidized starch; Acetylated tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Agar; Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705 Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705; Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085 Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405; Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785 Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985; Akucell® AF 3085; Alcolec® BS Alcolec® Granules; Alcolec® S; Alginic acid; Aloe barbadensis extract; Aloe extract Aluminum caprate; Aluminum caprylate; Aluminum laurate; Aluminum myristate; Aluminum oleate

2516

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Aluminum palmitate; Aluminum stearate; Ammonium alginate; Ammonium alum; Ammonium caprate Ammonium caprylate; Ammonium furcelleran; Ammonium laurate; Ammonium myristate; Ammonium oleate Ammonium palmitate; Ammonium pectinate; Ammonium polyphosphate; Ammonium stearate; Arabinogalactan Ascorbyl palmitate; Bakers yeast extract; Baker's yeast glycan; Benecel® Methylcellulose; Benecel® MP 843 Benefiber®; Bromelain; Brominated vegetable oil; t-Butyl hydroquinone; Calcium acetate Calcium alginate; Calcium caprate; Calcium caprylate; Calcium carbonate; Calcium carboxymethyl cellulose Calcium carrageenan; Calcium chloride; Calcium citrate; Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate; Calcium furcelleran Calcium gluconate; Calcium glycerophosphate; Calcium hydrogen carbonate; Calcium lactate; Calcium lactobionate Calcium laurate; Calcium myristate; Calcium oleate; Calcium oleyl lactylate; Calcium palmitate Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium polyphosphate; Calcium/sodium stearoyl lactylate; Calcium stearate Calcium stearoyl lactylate; Calcium sulfate; Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Caprol® 3GS; Caprol® 10G40 Capryol® PGMC; Carboxymethylcellulose sodium; Carboxymethylmethylcellulose; CarraBind™ Series; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; CarraVis™ Series; Cassia gum; Castor (Ricinus communis) oil; Cekol® 30 Cekol 150; Cekol® 300; Cekol® 500 T; Cekol® 700; Cekol® 2000 Cekol® 2000S; Cekol® 4000; Cekol® 10000; Cekol® 10000 I; Cekol® 30000 Cekol® 50000; Cekol® 100000; Cellulose; Chemstat® G-118/52; Chitin Chitosan; Cithrol GDO N/E; Cithrol GDO S/E; Cithrol GDS N/E; Cithrol GDS S/E Cithrol GML S/E; Cithrol GMS 0400; Cithrol GMS A/S; Cithrol GMS N/E; Cithrol GMS S/E Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cithrol PGML S/E; Cithrol PGMO S/E; CMC Daicel; Corn starch, waxy; Coyote Brand Tara Gum Coyote Brand Konjac A; C*Pulp Tex 12930; Crillet 1 HP; Crillet 1 NF; Crodesta F-10 Crodesta F-110; Crodesta F-160; Croscarmellose sodium; C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203 C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214; C*Tex 06218 C*Tex 06218; C*Tex 06219; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606; Dammar Dextran; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Dicalcium diphosphate; Dimagnesium diphosphate; Dipotassium diphosphate Disodium citrate; Disodium EDTA; Distarch phosphate; DREWMULSE® 200K; Economix Gelatin Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin; Emulfluid®; Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose; Evanstab® 12; Ferrous sulfate anhydrous Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Ficin; Furcelleran; Galactomannan; Gelatin Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265 Gellan gum; Genugel® X-902-02; Genu® Pectins; Genu® Pectin USP/100; Genuvisco® Glucosamine; Glyceryl citrate/lactate/linoleate/oleate; Glyceryl dioleate; Glyceryl dioleate SE; Glyceryl distearate Glyceryl distearate SE; Glyceryl laurate SE; Glyceryl mono/distearate; Glyceryl oleate SE; Glyceryl ricinoleate Glyceryl ricinoleate SE; Glyceryl stearate citrate; Glycine; GMS 402V; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Gum Arabic G-150 Powdered; Gum Arabic NF/FCC Clean Amber Sorts; Gum ghatti Gum ghatti; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Hodag® S-35 K; Hydrogenated lard glyceride; Hydrogenated lard glycerides Hydrogenated palm glyceride; Hydrogenated palm glycerides; Hydrogenated soy glyceride; Hydrogenated

2517

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference soy glycerides; Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate Hydrogenated tallow glyceride; Hydrogenated tallow glycerides; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl distarch glycerol; Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl starch; Invertase; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Karaya Gum FCC Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; KELACID® NF; Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Kelcogel® LT Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® O; Kelcoloid® S; Kelcosol® KELGIN® F; KELGIN® HV; KELGIN® LV; KELGIN® MV; KELGIN® QL KELGIN® XL; KELMAR®; Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) extract; KELSET®; Keltone® KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; KELTOSE®; Keltrol®; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® CR; Keltrol® F; Klucel® 'F' Grades; Konjac flour; Lactic acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Lactogel® FX 7351; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Lard glycerides; Lecithin; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Lonzest® SMO-20; Lumulse® GMO K Lumulse® GMR K; Maco-O-Line 091; Magnesium caprate; Magnesium caprylate; Magnesium caseinate Magnesium laurate; Magnesium myristate; Magnesium oleate; Magnesium palmitate; Magnesium stearate Malt extract; Maltitol; Maltodextrin; DMannitol; Manucol® JKT Manucol® LB; Manugel® C; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GHB Manugel® JKB; Manugel® L98; Manugel® PTJ; Merecol® K; Merecol® MS Methocel® A15C Premium; Methocel® A15LV Premium; Methocel® E15 Food Grade; Methocel® F4M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium Methylcellulose; Methyl-α-cyclodextrin; Methyl-β-cyclodextrin; Methyl-γcyclodextrin; Methyl ethyl cellulose Meyprodor®; Meyprodyn 200®; Meyprogen®-MP®; MGS-ASE; MGS-AV Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

MGS-DEXV; MGS-F20V; MGS-F40V; MGSF50; MGS-F75V Microcrystalline cellulose; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Monomuls® 90 O18 PH; Monosodium tartrate; Myverol® 1804K Myverol® 18-07K; Nonoxynol-6; Nonoxynol40; Nonoxynol-50; Novation® 2300 Novation® 2600; Novation® 2700; Novation® 9260; Novation® 9270; NovaXan 200 Oat gum; 1-Octenylsuccinic anhydride; Oleic acid; Palm glyceride; Palm oil sucroglyceride Papain; Pationic® 925; Pationic® 1233; Pationic® 1240; Pationic® 1250 Pectin; Pectin, amidated; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; PEG-20 sorbitan tritallate; PEG-8 stearate PG USP; Phosphated distarch phosphate; Plasdone® C-15; Plasdone® C-30; Plasdone® K-25 Plasdone® K-29/32; Plasdone® K-90; Polydextrose; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate Polyglyceryl-3 stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate; Polysorbate 20; Polysorbate 40; Polysorbate 60 Polysorbate 65; Polysorbate 80; Polysorbate 85; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium alginate Potassium alum anhydrous; Potassium bicarbonate; Potassium caprate; Potassium caprylate; Potassium carrageenan Potassium chloride; Potassium citrate; Potassium dihydrogen citrate; Potassium furcelleran; Potassium hydroxide Potassium laurate; Potassium myristate; Potassium oleate; Potassium palmitate; Potassium pectinate Potassium phosphate; Potassium phosphate dibasic; Potassium phosphate tribasic; Potassium polyphosphate; Potassium sodium tartrate Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Potassium stearate; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; Processed Euchema seaweed Propylene glycol; Propylene glycol alginate; Propylene Glycol Alginate LV FCC; Propylene glycol caprylate; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate Propylene glycol laurate; Propylene glycol laurate SE; Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids; Propylene glycol monodistearate; Propylene glycol oleate Propylene glycol oleate SE; Propylene glycol ricinoleate; Propylene glycol ricinoleate SE; Propylene glycol stearate; Propylene glycol stearate SE Protease; PROVIgel® CSS 25; PROVIgel® CSS 30; PROVIgel® CSS 300; PROVIgel® CSS 330 PROVIgel® CSS 35; PROVIgel® DPC 6; PROVIgel® DPC 15; PROVIgel® DPG 1; PROVIgel® DPG 3 PROVIgel® DPG 5; PROVIgel® DPG 7; PROVIgel® DPG 9; PROVIgel® DPG 11; PROVIgel® EXC 25 PROVIgel® EXC 30; PROVIgel® EXC 35; PROVIgel® EXG 05; PROVIgel® EXG 10; PROVIgel® EXG 20 PROVIgel® EXG 40; PROVIgel® NAC 25; PROVIgel® NAC 30; PROVIgel® NAC 35; Psyllium PVP; Qual Flo®; Qual Flo® C; Rapeseed glyceride; Rennet Ryoto Ester SP; Sammi Gelatine; Santone® 10-10-0; Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Sodium calcium polyphosphate Sodium caprate; Sodium caprylate; Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, enzymatically hydrolyzed; Sodium carrageenan; Sodium caseinate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sodium citrate; Sodium furcelleran; Sodium hypophosphite; Sodium laurate; Sodium myristate Sodium oleate; Sodium oleyl lactylate; Sodium palmitate; Sodium pectinate; Sodium phosphate Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Sodium phosphate tribasic Sodium polyphosphate; Sodium starch glycolate; Sodium stearate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Sodium tartrate Solec™ CX; Sorbitan laurate; Sorbitan oleate; Sorbitan palmitate; Sorbitan stearate Sorbitan trioleate; Sorbitan tristearate; Sorbitol; Sorbitol Sol'n. High Mannitol; Sorbo® Span® 20 Pharma; Span® 40; Span® 60; Span® 60 Pharma Powder; Span® 60K Span® 65; Span® 65K; Span® 85; Spray Dried Gum Arabic NF/FCC CS-R; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra; Stabilite™ 1; Stabilite™ SD30; Stabilite™ SD60; Stamere® CK-S NF FCC Stamere® N-325 NF FCC; Stamere® N-350 NF FCC; Stamere® N-350 S NF FCC; Stamere® NI NF FCC; Starch acetate Starch, bleached; Starch, oxidized; Starch phosphate; Starch, pregelatinized; Starch sodium octenyl succinate Struktol® Calcium Stearate; Struktol® TR 016; Succinylated monoglycerides; Sucrose acetate isobutyrate; Sucrose dilaurate Sucrose erucate; Sucrose fatty acid esters; Sucrose laurate; Sunflower seed oil glyceride; Sunflower seed oil glycerides Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Tallow glyceride; Tannic acid; Tara gum Tenox® CA-50; Tenox® TBHQ; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 19444 Powd. TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2519

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference PH-2500 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan 200 FCC/USP/NF Powd. T-Maz® 20; T-Maz® 28; T-Maz® 80; T-Maz® 80KLM; T-Maz® 81 Topcithin® AF-1 Type DB; Topcithin® SB; Topcitihin® UB; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum; Triolein Trisodium citrate; Trisodium diphosphate; Tylopur® C 300 P2; Tylopur® C 600 G1; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins Vegetable oil mono/diglycerides; Viscarin® BK 1761; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC580F; Viscocel® SC-601 Viscocel® SC-611; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten Whey protein; Xanthan gum; Xylitol stabilizer, food batters Kelvis® stabilizer, food/beverages Merecol® FA stabilizer, food defoamers Sodium polyacrylate stabilizer, food emulsions Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S stabilizer, food powders C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12605 stabilizer, food processing Protector Gelatin; Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate stabilizer, food service dressings Kelgum® 331 stabilizer, food specialties Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FGAX-P stabilizer, food w/o emulsions Propylene Glycol Alginate HV stabilizer, formed meats PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 stabilizer, freeze: canned food particulates National® 77-1744 stabilizer, freeze: gravies National® 77-1744; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Colloid 886 Powder stabilizer, freeze: marinades TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder stabilizer, freeze: pet foods National® 77-1744 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, freeze: sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder stabilizer, freeze: soups National® 77-1744 stabilizer, freeze: stews National® 77-1744 stabilizer, freeze/thaw Mira-Thik® 609; Polyaldo® HGMP KFG stabilizer: freeze-thaw, aseptic puddings Novation® 8300 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: baby foods Kol Guard® 7373 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: baked goods TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 15 Powder stabilizer, freeze/thaw: bakery prods. Akucell® AF 3295; Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Maxi-Gel® 617 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Mira-Sperse® 2000 Mira-Thik® 470; Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 330 Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: boil-in-bag foods Kol Guard® 7373 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: canned fillings Kol Guard® 7373 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: canned foods Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: canned meat prods. PenBind® 1015 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: coffee creamers Paniplex SK stabilizer, freeze-thaw: cooked meat Ceamgel 3383 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: cooked meat prods. Ceamgel M-9393 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: cream pies Kol Guard® 7373 stabilizer, freeze-thaw cycle/refrigerated prods. Thermshear stabilizer, freeze/thaw: dairy desserts Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: dairy/fruit dips Insta*Thick® X-10

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, freeze/thaw: dairy prods. Maxi-Gel® 617; Mira-Sperse® 622; MiraSperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470; Nu-Star® 120 Nu-Star® 140; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticalose® CMC 15 Powder stabilizer, freeze-thaw: deli meats PenBind® 1000 stabilizer: freeze-thaw, dips Novation® 8300 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: dry mixes Insta*Thick® X-10 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: emulsified meats Midsol™ 2AD stabilizer, freeze-thaw: fillings Insta*Thick® X-10 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: food Novation® 8300; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticalose® CMC 15 Powder stabilizer, freeze/thaw: frozen desserts Polyaldo® HGDS KFG stabilizer, freeze/thaw: frozen donut glazes Glacier II stabilizer, freeze/thaw: frozen foods Kol Guard® 7373; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticalose® CMC 15 Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® 602 Standard Powder stabilizer, freeze/thaw: frozen fruits Kol Guard® 7373 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: fruit fillings FruitSavr®; FruitSavr® stabilizer: freeze-thaw, fruit fillings Novation® 8300 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: fruit preps. Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: fruits FruitSavr® stabilizer, freeze-thaw: gravies Insta*Thick® X-10; Novation® 8600; PenPlus® 2100 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: ham PenBind® 1000 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: home prep. cook-ups Novation® 8600 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: hot dogs NP-3; NP-5 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: ice cream Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, freeze/thaw: icings Glacier II stabilizer, freeze/thaw: instant desserts Exp-Merigel 113 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: jams FruitSavr® stabilizer, freeze/thaw: jellies FruitSavr® stabilizer, freeze/thaw: lemon pie fillings Sodium Alginate HV; Sodium Alginate LV stabilizer, freeze/thaw: lemon puddings Kol Guard® 7373 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: low pH sauces Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: low-pH sauces Resistamyl 342 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: meats Nu-Star® 120 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: neutral pH Kol Guard® 7373 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: pie fillings TIC Pretested® Colloid 787 Powder stabilizer, freeze/thaw: pot pies Kol Guard® 7373 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: poultry Ceamgel 3383 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: processed meat prods. PenBind® 959; PenBind® 1000 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: puddings Paniplex SK stabilizer, freeze-thaw: pulpy textures Binasol™ 90C stabilizer, freeze/thaw: refrigerated foods Kol Guard® 7373 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: relishes Binasol™ 90C stabilizer, freeze/thaw: relishes Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: retorted soups Novation® 8600 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: salad dressings Insta*Thick® X-10; Novation® 8300; Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: salsas Insta*Thick® X-10 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: sauces Binasol™ 90C; Exp-Merigel 113; Insta*Thick® X-10; Novation® 8300; PenPlus® 2100

2521

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, freeze-thaw: seafood Ceamgel 3383 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: seafood prods. Ceamgel M-9393 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: sliced meat Ceamgel 3383 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: snack foods Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Maxi-Gel® 617; Merigel 340 Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; MiraSperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470 Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 346 Resistamyl 347 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: soups Exp-Merigel 113; Insta*Thick® X-10; PenPlus® 2100; Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343 Resistamyl 345 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: surimi prods. Midsol™ 2AD stabilizer, freeze-thaw: toppings Insta*Thick® X-10 stabilizer, freeze-thaw: turkey breasts PenBind® 1000 stabilizer, freeze/thaw: TV dinners Kol Guard® 7373 stabilizer, fresh cheeses C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345; C*Tex-Instant 12616; Grindsted™ BK stabilizer, fresh/frozen fruit pies Kol Guard® 7413 stabilizer, fresh poultry PenBind® 100 stabilizer, fried foods TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder stabilizer, fried prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, frostings Ammonium alginate; Benecel® MP 843; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Kelcogel®; Polydextrose Soft-Set® stabilizer, frozen dairy desserts Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Propylene glycol alginate; Sucrose fatty acid esters; Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, frozen desserts Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085; Bakers yeast extract; Baker's yeast glycan; Caprol® 3GS; DREWMULSE® 200K Hodag® S-35 K; Ice # 2; Keltrol® 521; Lumulse® GMO K; Oat gum PolarTex 06748; Polysorbate 65; Supercol® G2-S; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC601 Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 stabilizer, frozen dinners Tenderfil® 8 stabilizer, frozen dough C*Tex-Instant 12606 stabilizer, frozen dough: baked goods Polar Bake stabilizer, frozen entrees Novation® Prima 300; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 stabilizer, frozen fillings Tenderfil® 428 stabilizer, frozen foods Actoloid® 665; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF Kelcoloid® S; Keltrol®; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF 2522

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Perma-Flo®; PROVImel® DN 15; Pure-Gel® B980 Pure-Gel® B990; Pure-Gel® B992; PureGel® B994; Pure-Gel® B996; Purity® 69 Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P; Tenderfil® 8; Thermflo®; Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Tex® 1 Ultra-Tex® 2 stabilizer, frozen meat gravies Nustar® stabilizer, frozen meats Nustar® stabilizer, frozen mousses Cremodan® Mousse; PROVImel® NT 650 stabilizer, frozen novelties Kelgum® 100 stabilizer, frozen pie fillings Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 stabilizer, frozen pops TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 X Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Powder stabilizer, frozen sauces Freezist® M; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd. stabilizer, frozen storage conditions Midsol™ 46 stabilizer, frozen vegetables Potassium hydroxide stabilizer, fruit beverages Concentrated DARILOID® KB; Ticaxan® Regular stabilizer, fruit desserts C*Tex 06218 stabilizer, fruit dips Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum stabilizer, fruit drinks Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Manucol® Ester ER/K; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Ice 101-A Powder stabilizer, fruit fillings Binasol™ 15; KELTOSE®; Manugel® L98; Manugel® PTB; Manugel® PTJA Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230; Novation® Prima 600; Thermflo® Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

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stabilizer, fruit glazes Thermflo® stabilizer, fruit ice Merecol® SH stabilizer, fruit jellies Py-ran® stabilizer, fruit juices Grindsted™ Guar; Grindsted™ JU; Grindsted™ Pectin; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Xanthan Powd.; Tylopur® C 6000 G1 Tylopur® CB 30000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 stabilizer, fruit pie fillings Actoloid® 665; C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214 C*Tex 06219; Freezist® M; Methylcellulose; Mira-Thik® 468; Mira-Thik® 603 Nustar®; Pure-Gel® B980; Pure-Gel® B990; Pure-Gel® B992; Pure-Gel® B994 Pure-Gel® B996; Purity® 69; Ultra-Tex® 2 stabilizer, fruit pies Maximaize® DJ stabilizer, fruit preps. Keltrol® 521; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360; Novation® Prima 300; PROVImel® NT 631 Remygel 663 stabilizer, fruit pulp Grindsted™ Guar; Grindsted™ JU; Grindsted™ Pectin stabilizer, fruit purees Tenderfil® 9 stabilizer, fruits Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; PVP stabilizer, fruit soups PROVImel® NT 631 stabilizer, fruit syrups PROVImel® NT 611; PROVImel® NT 631 stabilizer, fruit toppings Keltrol® RD 576 stabilizer, frying oils Tenox® TBHQ stabilizer, full-fat items Emser® 555 stabilizer, functional food Magnesium Caseinate S stabilizer, gelatin Ammonium alginate; Calcium acetate; Calcium glycerophosphate; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Polydextrose 2523

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol alginate stabilizer, gelatin-free yogurts Struct-Sure® 20 stabilizer, gelatin-type desserts Stamere® CKM FCC stabilizer, gel: food Crester KZ stabilizer, gelled foods Mira-Quik® MGL stabilizer, gelled meat prods. Furcelleran stabilizer, glazes Cameo® Showcase; Gum ghatti; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Kelcogel®; KELSET® Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB; Manugel® L98; Mira-Thik® 469; Paniset® Rezista®; Ultra-Tex® 2 stabilizer, gravies Actoloid® 665; Binasol™ 15; C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06209 C*Tex 06214; C*Tex 06219; Freezist® M; Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10 Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Kelgum® 87; Keltrol®; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Kol Guard® 7413; MAPS® 501; Maximaize® DJ Mira-Cleer® 187; Mira-Thik® 469; MiraThik® 606; Novation® 2600; Novation® 2700 Novation® 9260; Novation® 9270; PermaFlo®; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 PolarTex 06747; Propylene glycol alginate; Pure-Gel® B980; Pure-Gel® B990; PureGel® B992 Pure-Gel® B994; Pure-Gel® B996; Purity® 69; Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346 Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Tenderfil® 8; Tenderfil® 9 Thermflo®; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth 200; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth Powder Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21; Xanthan gum

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, gravies: pet foods Benecel® MP 843 stabilizer, gravy mixes Fruitfil® 1 stabilizer, growing children foods Starch sodium octenyl succinate stabilizer, gum Magnesium stearate; PVP stabilizer, half & half Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate stabilizer, halogen: brominated soybean oil Epoxidized soybean oil stabilizer, ham prods. EM 25; PenBind® 100; Pure-Gel® B990 stabilizer, hard/soft candy Polydextrose stabilizer, health foods Calcium Caseinate S; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins stabilizer, heat Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin stabilizer, heat: bakery applics. NovaXan 80 stabilizer, heat: cooked meat prods. Ceamgel 1313™ stabilizer, heat: food Amaranth Oil; Microcrystalline cellulose stabilizer, heat: juice production Vitiben® stabilizer, heat-lamp: batters Midset™ 30 stabilizer, heat-lamp: coatings Midset™ 30 stabilizer, heat: seafood prods. Ceamgel 1313™ stabilizer, heat-shock: frozen desserts N-Surance™ stabilizer, heat: tablets Microcrystalline cellulose stabilizer, heat: wine production Vitiben® stabilizer, high brix syrups Actogel 1315 stabilizer, high fiber mixes Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic stabilizer, highly acidic foods Maxi-Gel® 7776

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, highly acidic systems Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230; Novation® Prima 600 stabilizer, high salt applics. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder stabilizer, high-salt food TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Salt Tolerant Powder stabilizer, high-solids fillings Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ stabilizer, honey Trehalose stabilizer, hot dogs Emser® 555; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 stabilizer, hot-filled dairy desserts Lactogel® FX 7351 stabilizer, hot instant drinks C*HiForm 12748 stabilizer, hot instant energy drinks C*HiForm 72345 stabilizer, hot instant gravies C*HiForm 12748 stabilizer, hot instant sauce binders C*HiForm 12747 stabilizer, hot instant sauces C*HiForm 12748 stabilizer, hot instant soups C*HiForm 12748 stabilizer, hot sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer 8444 ST; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Salt Tolerant Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth 200 stabilizer, hot water dessert gels Keltone® stabilizer, HTST Lactarin® CM 2254 stabilizer, HTST processed aseptically canned foods WNA stabilizer, HTST processed aseptically canned foods: puddings WNA stabilizer, HTST processed aseptically canned foods: sauces WNA

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, HTST processed aseptically canned foods: soups WNA stabilizer, hydrolysis Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin stabilizer, ice cream Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Adocream KS-56P; Adocream Z-86; Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705 Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705; Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085 Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405; Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785 Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985; Akucell® AF 3085; Algin Alginade® MR; Alginade® MRE; Ammonium alginate; Brominated vegetable oil; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) Crodacreme Range; Dynacet® 211P; Dynacet® 212P; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV) Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Imwitor® 325; Imwitor® 440; Imwitor® 460 Imwitor® 900; Kelgum® 100; Kelgum® XK9; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Manucol® DM Merecol® IC; MingQiong Brand; Novation® 9360; Polysorbate 65; Potassium hydroxide Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200; PROVImel® FO 4; Psyllium; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium Alginate HV Sodium Alginate LV; Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium starch glycolate; Soybean oil glycerides; Stamere® CKM FCC Stamere® NIC FCC; Supercol® G2-S; Supercol® G3-S; Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580 Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681 TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 3540; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Double D Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Soft Serve Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC-1692 Powder; 2525

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-611; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 stabilizer, ice cream fruits Concentrated DARILOID® KB stabilizer, ice cream: milk fat PROVImel® FO 6 stabilizer, ice cream toppings Mira-Cleer® 187 stabilizer, ice cream: vegetable-based fat PROVImel® FO 6 stabilizer, ice cream: vegetable fat PROVImel® FO 5 stabilizer, ice lollies Alginade® DC; Alginade® MR stabilizer, ice milk Merecol® IC; Merecol® SH; Psyllium stabilizer, ice milk bars Kelgum® 87; Kelgum® 87 stabilizer, ice pops TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Ice-Pop Powder stabilizer icing Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Cameo® Showcase Glacier II; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Kelcogel® Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S; KELTOSE®; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol L.S.B. Stabl; Paniset®; Paramount X; Paramount XX; Permitex Redisol® 88; Redisol® 412; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Starco™ 447; Super Set Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8 stabilizer, icing: butter creams Sta-Kwik Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: chlocolate glazes Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: chocolate icings RTU-Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: Danish icings Sta-Freeze Icing Stabilizer; Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: donut glazes Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, icing: donut icings Sta-Kleer 1000X Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: frozen sweet icings Sta-Freeze Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: glazes Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: glossy, semi-transparent icings/glazes for cakes Cameo Velvet WT stabilizer, icing: glossy, semi-transparent icings/glazes for chocolate icings Cameo Velvet WT stabilizer, icing: glossy, semi-transparent icings/glazes for colored icings Cameo Velvet WT stabilizer, icing: glossy, semi-transparent icings/glazes for donuts Cameo Velvet WT stabilizer, icing: glossy, semi-transparent icings/glazes for foods exposed to high humidity Cameo Velvet WT stabilizer, icing: glossy, semi-transparent icings/glazes for fried pies Cameo Velvet WT stabilizer, icing: glossy, semi-transparent icings/ glazes for honeybuns Cameo Velvet WT stabilizer, icing: glossy, semi-transparent icings/ glazes for yeast-raised goods Cameo Velvet WT stabilizer, icing: maple donut icing Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: maple icing RTU-Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: opaque cinnamon roll icing Sta-Kleer 1000X Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: ready-to-use donut glazes RTU-Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: semi-transparent icings/glazes Sta-Kleer C stabilizer, icing: sweet roll icing Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: transparent flat icing Sta-Kwik Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: transparent icing Quick-Tex W4 Icing Stabilizer; Quix Icing Stabilizer; Sta-Freeze Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: white glossy icings/cake coatings Cameo Velvet® 2526

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, icing: white glossy icings/donut coatings Cameo Velvet® stabilizer, icing: white glossy icings/food coatings Cameo Velvet® stabilizer, icing: white glossy icings, fried pie coatings Cameo Velvet® stabilizer, icing: white glossy icings, honeybun coatings Cameo Velvet® stabilizer, icing: white glossy icings, coatings for yeast-raised goods Cameo Velvet® stabilizer, icing: white glazes Sta-Put Plus Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: white icings RTU-Icing Stabilizer stabilizer, icing: wrapped icings Stabl Plus stabilizer, imitation cheese Calcium Caseinate R; EM 6; EM 9N stabilizer, imitation dairy prods. Perma-Flo® stabilizer, imitation whipped creams TIC Pretested® Stabilizer WT Powder stabilizer, impurities: beer Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 stabilizer, impurities: fruit juices Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 stabilizer, impurities: vinegar Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 stabilizer, impurities: wine Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 stabilizer, indirect extruded snacks C*HiForm 12747 stabilizer, industrially produced dessert sauces PROVImel® NT 625 stabilizer, infant foods Calcium Caseinate S; Fruitfil® 1 stabilizer, infant formulas Emulfluid®; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Myverol® 18-04K; Myverol® 18-07K; Potassium chloride stabilizer, infant weaning foods Starch sodium octenyl succinate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, inj. brines Maco-O-Line 091 stabilizer, injected ham PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 stabilizer, injected poultry PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 stabilizer, instant bakery creams Eliane™ BC 160 stabilizer, instant beverage mixes TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Salt Tolerant Powder stabilizer, instant beverages mixes TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder stabilizer, instant breakfasts CarraVis™ 60CL stabilizer, instant cream fillings C*Tex-Instant 12606; C*Tex-Instant 12612; C*Tex-Instant 12616 stabilizer, instant creams fillings C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345 stabilizer, instant desserts C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345; C*TexInstant 12616; Keltrol® 521; Soft-Set® stabilizer, instant egg nog Dariloid® QH stabilizer, instant foods Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447; Ultra-Tex® 1; Ultra-Tex® 2 stabilizer, instant fruit pie fillings C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606 stabilizer, instant gravies C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606; C*Tex-Instant 12616; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder Ultra-Sperse®; Ultra-Sperse® A stabilizer, instant gravy mixes Gelatinized Dura-Jel® stabilizer, instant mousses Manucol® JKT; Manugel® L98 stabilizer, instant pie fillings C*HiForm 12747; C*HiForm 12748; C*TexInstant 12612; C*Tex-Instant 12616 stabilizer, instant powdered formulations: puddings PROVImel® NT 659 stabilizer, instant powdered mixes Dariloid® QH

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, instant puddings C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345; C*TexInstant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12616; C*TexInstant 12606 Gelatinized Dura-Jel®; Manucol® DH; Manucol® JKT; Manugel® L98; MANUCOL® SMF Merecol® K; Redisol® 412; Stamere® CKM FCC stabilizer, instant sauce mixes Gelatinized Dura-Jel® stabilizer, instant sauces C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606; C*Tex-Instant 12616; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder Ultra-Sperse® A stabilizer, instant soups C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606; C*Tex-Instant 12616; Ultra-Sperse®; UltraSperse® A stabilizer, instant water jelly Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB; Manugel® L98 stabilizer, jams Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Ammonium alginate Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345; Furcelleran; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Pectin; Pectin, amidated; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium tartrate; Xanthan gum stabilizer, jams/jellies Aqualon® 7H3SF; Kelcogel® stabilizer, jams, jellies: low-calorie Stamere® CKM FCC stabilizer, jellies Ammonium alginate; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; Furcelleran; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Pectin Pectin, amidated; Potassium sodium tartrate; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium tartrate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, jelly candies Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 stabilizer, juice drinks Keltrol®; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF stabilizer, juice flavor emulsions Keltrol® BT stabilizer, juices Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-611 stabilizer, ketchup C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06214; Meyprogen®-MS® PROVImel® DN 15; Tylopur® C 1000 P2 stabilizer, lactobacillus drinks Protanal Ester CF stabilizer, layer cake batters Cake STA stabilizer, lemon drinks Ascorbyl palmitate stabilizer, light Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin stabilizer, light: beer Tetrahop® stabilizer, light processing food systems PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 stabilizer, liposoluble vitamins Eisai Natural Vitamin E Series stabilizer, liquid beverages Insta*Thick® Gum Arabic stabilizer, liquid pops TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Ice-200 Powder stabilizer, liquids-to-solid powders Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin stabilizer, liver prods. EM 25 stabilizer, lollies Merecol® SH 2528

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, low-acid foods Consista®; Fruitfil® 1; Mira-Cleer® 187 stabilizer, low-calorie bakery pie fillings Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 stabilizer, low-calorie/low-fat prods. TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth Powder stabilizer, low-calorie prods. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder stabilizer, low-calorie syrups Merecol® G stabilizer, low-fat butter Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P stabilizer, low-fat butter spreads C*Tex-Instant 12606 stabilizer, low-fat emulsions Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-501; Avicel® RC-581; Avicel® RC-591F stabilizer, low-fat foods Emser® 555; Kelcogel®; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611 Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder; Viscocel® SC-580F Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 stabilizer, low-fat ice cream/sherbets Adocream AP-66 stabilizer, low-fat margarine Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P stabilizer, low-fat meats Curdlan stabilizer, low-fat/no-fat prods. TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder stabilizer, low-fat novelties Concentrated DARILOID® KB stabilizer, low-fat puddings N-Lite® CL stabilizer, low-fat spreads Calcium Caseinate R; Kelcogel® F stabilizer, low-fat whipped toppings TIC Pretested® Stabilizer WT Powder

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, low-pH food systems Kol Guard® 7413 stabilizer, low-sodium foods KELMAR® stabilizer, low-sugar systems Mira-Sperse® 623 stabilizer, low-temp.: cream fillings National® Frigex stabilizer, low-temp.: dairy prods. National® Frigex stabilizer, low-temp.: food National® Frigex stabilizer, low-temp.: frozen foods Bindtex stabilizer, low-temp.: injected meat Bindtex stabilizer, low-temp.: injected poultry Bindtex stabilizer, low-temp.: puddings National® Frigex stabilizer, low-temp.: refrigerated food Bindtex stabilizer, low-temp.: tumbled meat Bindtex stabilizer, low-temp.: tumbled poultry Bindtex stabilizer, low-to-mod. heat shear conditions: food prods. Novation® Prima 300 stabilizer, luncheon meats EM 25 stabilizer, malt beverages Silica stabilizer, margarine Alphadim® 90AB; Ascorbyl palmitate; tButyl hydroquinone; t-Butyl hydroquinone; Citric acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Disodium citrate; DREWMULSE® 200K; Emulfluid®; Emulfluid® E Glyceryl stearate SE; Imwitor® 900; Lumulse® GMO K; Myverol® 18-04K; Panalite® 90-80 K Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Potassium bicarbonate; Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids Span® 65; Span® 65K; Tenox® TBHQ

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, marinades Keltrol® HP 594; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Saladizer® 250 stabilizer, marmalades C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345 stabilizer, marshmallow toppings Aqualon® 7MF stabilizer, mayonnaise Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06214; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606 Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-1-FF; Pectin, amidated; Protanal Ester SD-H; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder; Tylopur® C 1000 P2 stabilizer, meat Bromelain; Manugel® DMB; Meyprogen®MP®; Nutrifos® 100; Powdered Guar Gum Type A Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate stabilizer, meat binders Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 stabilizer, meat loaves EM 25 stabilizer, meat patties Methylcellulose stabilizer, meat/poultry prods. EM 25 stabilizer, meat processing Karaya Gum FCC; Potassium phosphate; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC stabilizer, meat prods. Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; CarraBind™ Series; Consista®; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; EM 6 EM LV; Emser® 555; Imwitor® 372 P; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Kol Guard® 7413 Lecithin; MingQiong Brand; Potassium citrate; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, meat sauces Homecraft™ Create 765 stabilizer, meringue mixes TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 100 FCC/NF Powder; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 110 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 150 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar RS-100 Powder stabilizer, meringue powders Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC stabilizer, meringues Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; KELTOSE® Manucol® Ester M; Methyl ethyl cellulose; Redisol® 78D; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder stabilizer, meringue toppings O.B. Stabilizer stabilizer, microwave foods C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345; C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12605; MiraThik® 468 Mira-Thik® 603; Soft-Set® stabilizer, microwave prods. Mira-Thik® 469 stabilizer, microwave reconstituted foods Ultra-Tex® 1 stabilizer, migrating from food packaging Aluminum distearate; Aluminum stearate; Aluminum tristearate; Ammonium citrate; Ammonium citrate dibasic Ammonium potassium hydrogen phosphate; Calcium acetate; Calcium carbonate; Calcium glycerophosphate; Calcium hydroxide phosphate Calcium oleate; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate Calcium stearate; Disodium citrate; Magnesium phosphate tribasic; Magnesium stearate; Potassium citrate Potassium oleate; Potassium stearate; Sodium citrate; Sodium oleate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; 2530

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Sodium stearate; Struktol® Calcium Stearate; Struktol® TR 016 Synpro® Aluminum Monostearate NF; Synpro® Magnesium Stearate NF Veg.; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate; Trisodium citrate; Zinc rosinate stabilizer, migrating from food pkg. Magnesium phosphate dibasic stabilizer, mildly acidic food systems Mira-Thik® 469; Mira-Thik® 606 stabilizer, mild processing food systems Mira-Sperse® 626 stabilizer, milk-based systems Concentrated DARILOID® XL stabilizer, milk beverages TIC Pretested® Colloid 780 MB stabilizer, milk gel Stamere® CKM FCC stabilizer, milk ice cream PROVImel® FO 4; PROVImel® FO 5 stabilizer, milk prods. Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; CarraVis™ 5; CarraVis™ 60CL; CarraVis™ 80B CarraVis™ 150LC; CarraVis™ 612X; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Keltrol® 521; Xanthan gum stabilizer, milk proteins: cultured milk drinks Genu® JMJ stabilizer, milk proteins: milk/fruit juice drinks Genu® JMJ stabilizer, milk puddings Furcelleran stabilizer, milk shake powders Concentrated DARILOID® XL stabilizer, milk shakes Alginade® MR; Dariloid® QH; Kelgum® XK9; Magnesium caseinate; PROVImel® FO 1 Tylopur® C 600 G1 stabilizer, mineral concs. PVP stabilizer, mint Magnesium stearate stabilizer, mixes Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Sodium stearoyl lactylate stabilizer, moderate processing food systems PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728; PolarTex 06748

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, moisture: baked goods Coyote Brand Agar 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar 100 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar Type Z100; Coyote Brand Agar-Agar 150 Mesh Gelidium; Maltrin® M040 stabilizer, moisture: cheese prods. Maltrin® M040 stabilizer, moisture: dairy prods. Coyote Brand Agar 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar 100 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar Type Z100; Coyote Brand Agar-Agar 150 Mesh Gelidium stabilizer, moisture: meat applics. Coyote Brand Agar 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar 100 mesh; Coyote Brand Agar Type Z100; Coyote Brand Agar-Agar 150 Mesh Gelidium stabilizer, moisture: processed meats Maltrin® M040 stabilizer, mousses Benecel® MP 843; Beneo™ ST; Merecol® K stabilizer, mozzarella cheese Qual Flo® stabilizer, muffin/cake mixes C*Tex-Instant 12605 stabilizer, muffin mixes C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12606 stabilizer, mustard/mint sauces Manucol® Ester M stabilizer, natural cheeses OptaGrade®; OptaMist® stabilizer, natural meat color in meat prods. Super Salox stabilizer, Neufchatel cream cheese Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 stabilizer, neutral acidic food systems Fruitfil® 1; Mira-Thik® 606 stabilizer, neutral food systems Homecraft™ Create 730; Homecraft™ Create 765; Homecraft™ Express 760; Mira-Cleer® 187; Mira-Thik® 469 Perma-Flo® stabilizer, neutral/highly acidic food Binasol™ 15 stabilizer, neutral systems Gelatinized Dura-Jel® stabilizer, no-/low-fat salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S-96 No Fat Powder

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, no-fat puddings N-Lite® CL stabilizer, nonbaked refrigerated desserts Redisol® 412 stabilizer, noncarbonated beverages TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 X Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Powder stabilizer, nondairy creamers EM 6; EM 7 stabilizer, nondairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids stabilizer, nonfat frozen desserts Kelgum® 87 stabilizer, nonfat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 stabilizer, nonnutritive sweeteners Arabinogalactan stabilizer, nonstandardized dressings Arabinogalactan stabilizer, non-yeast-leavened baked goods Sodium stearyl fumarate stabilizer, no-oil processed foods Mira-Sperse® 623 stabilizer, no-time bread systems Panicrust LC K stabilizer, nougats Hi-Set® CHG stabilizer, Nougat sauces PROVImel® FO 4 stabilizer, novelties TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 3540 stabilizer, novelty water bars Kelgum® 87 stabilizer, nut pastes Dynasan® P60 stabilizer, nutritional applics. Alanate Sodium Caseinate; Magnesium caseinate stabilizer, nutritional beverages EM 9N; Textureze™ NB 100 stabilizer, nutritional prods. PROVIgel® GSS 5; PROVIgel® GSS 6; PROVIgel® GSS 7; PROVIgel® GSS 8; PROVIgel® GSS 9 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PROVIgel® GSS 10; PROVIgel® GSS 11 stabilizer, nuts Tenox® TBHQ stabilizer, oil-contg. sauces PROVImel® DN 11 stabilizer, oil emulsions: citrus drink concs. Genu® BB Rapid Set stabilizer, oil: food Canola oil glyceride stabilizer, oil-free salad dressings Merecol® FT stabilizer, oil: pourable salad dressings Purity® Gum 539 stabilizer, oils Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Morflex® MSC; Propylene glycol monoand diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, oil separation prevention: nut paste Hydrogenated palm oil stabilizer, oils: peanut butter Myverol® 18-04; Myverol® 18-99 stabilizer, oleomargarine Lecithin stabilizer, opaque icings: Danish pastries Sta-White stabilizer, opaque icings: donuts Sta-White stabilizer, opaque icings: sweet rolls Sta-White stabilizer, organic foods Novation® 9230; Novation® 9260; Novation® 9270 stabilizer, Oriental foods Nustar® stabilizer, o/w emulsion: food Nissan Nonion CP-08R; Nissan Nonion LP20R, LP-20RS; Nissan Nonion OP-80R; Nissan Nonion OP-83RAT; Nissan Nonion OP-85R Nissan Nonion PP-40R; Nissan Nonion SP60R stabilizer, o/w emulsions Granular Gum Ghatti #1; Powdered Gum Ghatti #1 stabilizer, oxidation Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin stabilizer, oxidation: barbecued chicken Kena® FP-28 2532

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, oxidation: chicken rolls Kena® FP-28 stabilizer, oxidation: convenience foods Kena® FP-28 stabilizer, oxidation: poultry Kena® FP-28 stabilizer, oxidation: precooked breaded parts Kena® FP-28 stabilizer, oxidation: raw frozen items Kena® FP-28 stabilizer, oxidation: turkey rolls Kena® FP-28 stabilizer, pancake batters Cake STA stabilizer, particulates: drinks TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer XC-8444 Powder stabilizer, particulates: liquid egg prods. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer XC-8444 Powder stabilizer, particulates: sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer XC-8444 Powder stabilizer, pasta Emulfluid®; Whetpro®-75 stabilizer, pasta prods. Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate stabilizer, pasteurized liquid egg prods. Kelgum® 87 stabilizer, pasteurized process cheese foods Kelgum® 87 stabilizer, pasteurized prods. Novation® 1600 stabilizer, pasteurized puddings Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360 stabilizer, pastry fillings Mira-Thik® 469; Ultra-Tex® 2 stabilizer, peanut butter Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Alphadim® 90AB; Dimodan® HA; Dimodan® PVP Kosher; DREWMULSE® 200K Durem™ 207; Glicepol 160; Hydrogenated rapeseed oil; Myvatex® Monoset® K; Myverol® 18-04K Myverol® 18-07K; Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K; Rapeseed glyceride Sta-Set RC™ stabilizer, pet food brawns Manugel® GMB

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, pet foods Gellan gum; Kelcogel®; Lumulse® GMO K; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB Tenox® BHA; Whetpro®-75 stabilizer, pickle relishes Mira-Thik® 468 stabilizer, pie fillings Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Concentrated DARILOID® XL C*Tex 06218; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol®; Keltrol® 1000 Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 Maximaize® HV; Perma-Flo®; PolarTex 06748; Redisol® 88; Tenderfil® 8 Tenderfil® 428; Ticaxan® Regular stabilizer, pies Freezist® M; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum stabilizer, pizza crusts Panicrust LC K stabilizer, pizza/frozen dough TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder stabilizer, pizza toppings t-Butyl hydroquinone stabilizer, popsicles Merecol® SH stabilizer, pork prods. Disodium citrate stabilizer, potato chips t-Butyl hydroquinone stabilizer, potato prods. Manucol® DMF; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB stabilizer, poultry Bromelain; t-Butyl hydroquinone; Disodium citrate; Lecithin; Malt extract Nutrifos® 100; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728; Potassium hydroxide; Soda Phos (FG) Sodium hexametaphosphate; Xanthan gum stabilizer, poultry fat Tenox® PG; Tenox® TBHQ

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, poultry/meat canning Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 stabilizer, poultry pieces Textureze™ MT 200 stabilizer, poultry prods. CarraBind™ Series; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides; Emser® 555; Potassium tripolyphosphate stabilizer, pound cake Ryoto Ester SP stabilizer, pourable dressings Keltrol® HP; Manucol® Ester M stabilizer, pourable salad dressings Merecol® MS; Mira-Thik® 468; Mira-Thik® 603 stabilizer, powdered dietetic prods. EM 9N stabilizer, powdered mixes Emulfluid® stabilizer, premium full-fat ice creams CarraLizer™ C-1; CarraLizer™ C-2; CarraLizer™ C-3; CarraLizer™ C-4 stabilizer, prepared food Algin stabilizer, preserves Py-ran®; Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AX-P stabilizer, process: dressings Canners TF stabilizer, processed cheeses Calcium Caseinate R; Calcium Caseinate R; EM 9N; Grindsted™ BK; Manucol® DH OptaGrade®; OptaMist®; Potassium citrate; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate stabilizer, processed foods Agar; Eisai Natural Vitamin E Series; MiraThik® 603; Mira-Thik® 606; Nustar® PROVImel® DN 15 stabilizer, processed meat prods. Ascorbyl palmitate; EM 9N; Novation® 1600; Nutrifos® 100; PenBind® 100 stabilizer, processed organic foods Novation® 9330; Novation® 9360

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, processed poultry PenBind® 100 stabilizer, processed poultry prods. EM 9N stabilizer, process: gravies Canners TF stabilizer, processing: dairy prods. Resistamyl 349 stabilizer, processing: dressings Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV stabilizer, processing: gravies Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV stabilizer, processing: sauces Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV stabilizer, processing: soups Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV stabilizer, process: sauces Canners TF stabilizer, process: soups Canners TF stabilizer, protein MAPS® 501 stabilizer, protein: acidified milk Aqualon® 7MF stabilizer, protein bars EM 9N stabilizer, protein: beer Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 stabilizer, protein: cultured milk prods. Genu® 18CG-YA; Genu® 104AS-YA stabilizer, protein: dairy prods. Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos® stabilizer, protein: desserts Akucell® AF 3295 stabilizer, protein: frozen desserts Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos® stabilizer, protein: fruit juices Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 stabilizer, protein: ice cream Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos® stabilizer, protein: processed cheeses Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos® stabilizer, proteins Akucell® AF 3295 stabilizer, protein: soup concs. TIC Pretested® Ticagel® 450-PCS Powd. stabilizer, protein: vinegar Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, protein: wines Calcium bentonite; Clarit® 100; Clarit® 125; Clarit® 1100 stabilizer, Provolone cheeses Qual Flo® stabilizer, pudding dry mixes Kelgum® 87 stabilizer, pudding mixes Arabinogalactan stabilizer, puddings Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Calcium glycerophosphate; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203 C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06219; Dariloid® QH; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF Keltrol®; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Maltodextrin; Mira-Thik® 469; Novation® 2700; Novation® 9270 Perma-Flo®; Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Redisol® 88; Sodium stearoyl lactylate Starco™ 447; Struct-Sure® 20; Tenderfil® 9; Thermflo® stabilizer, puff pastries Panicrust LC K stabilizer, pulp suspensions: citrus drink concs. Genu® BB Rapid Set stabilizer, pulpy textures Binasol™ 15 stabilizer, quiche fillings C*HiForm 12747; C*HiForm 12748; C*Tex 06218; C*Tex-Instant 12612 stabilizer, quiches TIC Pretested® Stabilizer 424 Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer XC-424 Heavy Duty stabilizer, ready-made meals PROVImel® DN 11; PROVImel® DN 14 stabilizer, reduced-calorie foods Polydextrose; PROVIgel® DPG 1; PROVIgel® DPG 3; PROVIgel® DPG 5; PROVIgel® DPG 7 PROVIgel® DPG 9; PROVIgel® DPG 11; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel HS 73; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel WFG HS 73 stabilizer, reduced-fat dressings Curdlan Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, reduced-fat foods Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel WFG HS 73 stabilizer, reduced-fat spreads Kelcogel® LT stabilizer, refrigerated doughs Ticaxan® Regular stabilizer, refrigerated entrees Novation® Prima 300 stabilizer, refrigerated foods Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Tex® 1; Ultra-Tex® 2 stabilizer, refrigerated storage conditions Midsol™ 46 stabilizer, related milk prods. Stamere® NIC FCC stabilizer, release agents Emulfluid® stabilizer, release emulsions Imwitor® 375 stabilizer, relishes Binasol™ 15; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum Insta*Thick® X-10; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S; Keltrol® Keltrol® 521; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD 576; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® T 622; Keltrol® TF; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Stabilizer 8444 ST TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powd.; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Salt Tolerant Powder stabilizer, rendered animal fats Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids stabilizer, rendered fats Glycine stabilizer, rendered poultry fat Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, restructured foods Binasol™ 15 stabilizer, restructured meat prods. Textureze™ MT 200 stabilizer, retorted soups Novation® 2600; Novation® 9260 2535

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, rice-based drinks TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/HV Powder stabilizer, ricotta cheese Merecol® R; Merecol® RB; Merecol® RCS stabilizer, rolls Ascorbyl palmitate stabilizer, salad compds. Meyprogen®-MS® stabilizer, salad dressing emulsions TIC Pretested® Aragum® T-1998 Powder stabilizer, salad dressings Bakers yeast extract; Baker's yeast glycan; C*EmTex; Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; C*Tex 06203 C*Tex 06214; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*TexInstant 12606; Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-1-FF; Gum Guar Type M Powdered Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum Insta*Thick® X-10; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Kelcoloid® HVF; Kelcoloid® LVF Kelcoloid® S; Kelgum® 87; Leciprime™ 1500; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250 Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K; Merecol® Y; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100M Premium Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230; Novation® Prima 600; NovaXan 200; PolarTex 06748 Polydextrose; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G1 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; PROVImel® DN 13; PROVImel® DN 14 Purity® 550; Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AX-P; SoftSet®; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC601 Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Ticaxan® Regular TIC Pretested® Freedom Gum X-PGA/HV Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Freedom Gum X-PGA/LV Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® CM-Xanthan Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth 200; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth Powder; Tylopur® C 300 P2; Viscocel® SC-580F Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Vis*Quick® 11 Vis*Quick® 21; WNA; Xanthan gum stabilizer, salads Imwitor® 380 stabilizer, salsas Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10; Keltrol® 521; Keltrol® RD 576 stabilizer, sauce binders C*HiForm 72345 stabilizer, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Merecol® GX stabilizer, sauces Actoloid® 303; Actoloid® 665; Actoloid® 2210; Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705 Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705; Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085 Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405; Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785 Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985; Akucell® AF 3085; Ammonium alginate Binasol™ 15; C8-10 acid triglyceride; Calcium acetate; Calcium Caseinate R; Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214

2536

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference C*Tex 06219; Curdlan; Freezist® M; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Imwitor® 361 Imwitor® 370; Imwitor® 372; Imwitor® 373; Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10 Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Kelcogel® F; Kelcogel® LT; Kelgum® 331 KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol®; Keltrol® 521; Keltrol® 1000 Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® HP 594 Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Kol Guard® 7413 Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; MAPS® 501; Maximaize® DJ Maximaize® HV; Meyprogen®-MS®; MiraThik® 469; Mira-Thik® 606; N-Lite® CL Novation® 2300; Novation® 2700; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9230; Novation® 9270 Novation® 9360; Novation® Prima 600; NovaXan 200; Nustar®; Perma-Flo® PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728; PolarTex 06747; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; PROVImel® DN 11; PROVImel® DN 12; PROVImel® DN 13; PROVImel® DN 14 PROVImel® DN 15; Pure-Gel® B980; PureGel® B990; Pure-Gel® B992; Pure-Gel® B994 Pure-Gel® B996; Purity® 69; Remygel 14552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663 Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AX-P; Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346 Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Softenol® 3108; Tenderfil® 8 Tenderfil® 9; Thermflo®; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Caragum 300 2473 Powd.;

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250 TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® CMXanthan Powd.; Ultra-Tex® 1; Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 11 Vis*Quick® 21; Xanthan gum stabilizer, sausage casings Span® 85 stabilizer, sausages t-Butyl hydroquinone; C8-10 acid triglyceride; EM 25; Imwitor® 361; Imwitor® 370 Imwitor® 372 P; Imwitor® 372; Imwitor® 373; Imwitor® 900; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200 Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200; Sodium caseinate; Softenol® 3108 stabilizer, seafood Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate; Trehalose stabilizer, seasonings Propylene glycol alginate stabilizer, severe processing food systems Mira-Sperse® 623; PolarTex 06747; PolarTex 06748 stabilizer, severe processing systems Mira-Thik® 603 stabilizer, shakes CarraVis™ 60CL stabilizer, shelf-stable desserts Novation® Prima 300 stabilizer, shelf-stable soups Novation® Prima 300 stabilizer, sherbet novelties Concentrated DARILOID® KB stabilizer, sherbets Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Karaya Gum FCC Kelgum® 100; Merecol® SH; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC; Psyllium Sodium Alginate HV; Sodium Alginate LV; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Ice 101-A Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Ice-200 Powder stabilizer, shortening Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Ascorbyl palmitate; Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty

2537

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference acids; Glyceryl stearate SE; Hodag® S-35 K Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Lecithin; Propylene glycol monodistearate; Span® 65; Span® 65K stabilizer, shortenings/edible oils Polysorbate 60 stabilizer, shredded cheeses Grindsted™ BK stabilizer, slimming foods Calcium Caseinate S stabilizer, snack dips Bakers yeast extract stabilizer, snack foods Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ stabilizer, soft bread C*Tex 06219 stabilizer, soft candy Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum stabilizer, soft cheeses Grindsted™ BK; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200 Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 stabilizer, soft drinks Acacia; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; Gum ghatti; Potassium citrate; Potassium hydroxide Silica; Sodium Alginate HV; Sodium Alginate LV stabilizer, softer reversible gels Manucol® DM; Manucol® DMF; Manucol® LB stabilizer, soft ice cream PROVImel® FO 1 stabilizer, soft ice cream powders PROVImel® FO 7 stabilizer, soft serve TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Soft Serve Powder stabilizer, soft-serve frozen desserts N-Lite® CL stabilizer, sorbets Kelgum® 100; Kelgum® XK9; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer 64 Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder stabilizer, sorbet/sherbet Cremodan® SL

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, soup mixes Alginic acid; Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447 stabilizer, soups Actoloid® 665; Alginic acid; Binasol™ 15; C8-10 acid triglyceride; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214 C*Tex 06219; Freezist® M; Fruitfil® 1; Homecraft™ Create 765; Imwitor® 361 Imwitor® 370; Imwitor® 372; Imwitor® 373; Imwitor® 380; Insta*Thick® X-10 Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; MAPS® 501; Maximaize® DJ Maximaize® HV; Meyprogen®-MS®; MiraThik® 469; Novation® 2700; Novation® 3600 Novation® 9270; Novation® 9360; Nustar®; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 PolarTex 06747; PROVImel® DN 11; PROVImel® DN 12; PROVImel® DN 14; Pure-Gel® B980 Pure-Gel® B990; Pure-Gel® B992; PureGel® B994; Pure-Gel® B996; Remygel 14552 Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AXP Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349 Sodium caseinate; Softenol® 3108; Tenderfil® 8; Tenderfil® 9; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250 Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, sour cream Baker's yeast glycan; Concentrated DARILOID® KB; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360; OptaGrade® OptaMist®; PolarTex 06747; Struct-Sure® 20 stabilizer, sour cream dressings Merecol® S; Merecol® Y stabilizer, sour cream prods. Bakers yeast extract stabilizer, sour dairy prods. Edicol® stabilizer, sour milk drinks Tylopur® C 6000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2

2538

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, sour milk prods. PROVImel® FM 601; PROVImel® FM 602 stabilizer, soy sauce TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer 8444 ST stabilizer, special dietary uses Xylitol stabilizer, spices Encapsul® 855; Nadex® 772 stabilizer, sponge/cake batters 21110 Ovalett NNC; 21115 Ovalett; 21118 Ovalett Special stabilizer, sponge cake mixes BV 46; BV 46 stabilizer, sponge cakes Ryoto Ester SP stabilizer, sponge mixes BV 40 stabilizer, spoonable dressings Keltrol® HP; PolarTex 06747 stabilizer, spoonable salad dressings Mira-Thik® 468; Mira-Thik® 603 stabilizer, sports foods Calcium Caseinate S; Magnesium Caseinate S stabilizer, spreadable cheeses Grindsted™ BK stabilizer, spreadable fats Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate stabilizer, spreads EM 6; EM 7; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447 stabilizer, stabilizer, confectionery Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, stew gravies Maximaize® HV stabilizer, stews Mira-Cleer® 187; Xanthan gum stabilizer, strong gel food Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB stabilizer, structured anchovies Manugel® GMB stabilizer, structured fish prods. Manucol® DMF; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GHB; Manugel® GMB stabilizer, structured foods Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F stabilizer, structured glacé fruits Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, structured meat prods. Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB; Manugel® GMB stabilizer, structured peppers Manugel® GMB stabilizer, structured vegetables Manugel® GMB stabilizer, structure: ethnic bakery applics. Expandex™ Modified Starch stabilizer, stuffed meat prods. Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 stabilizer, sugar MingQiong Brand stabilizer, sugar-free caramels Stabilite™ 1; Stabilite™ SD30; Stabilite™ SD60 stabilizer, sugar-free fruit preps. Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 stabilizer, sugar-free hard candy Stabilite™ 1; Stabilite™ SD30; Stabilite™ SD60 stabilizer, sugar-free ice cream CarraLizer™ C-1; CarraLizer™ C-2; CarraLizer™ C-3; CarraLizer™ C-4 stabilizer, sugar syrups: cherry packing TIC Pretested® Colloid XC-6515-1 Powder stabilizer, surimi prods. Midsol™ 2AD; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 stabilizer, suspensions Celish® stabilizer, sweets Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100 stabilizer, Swiss-rolls BV 40 stabilizer, syrups Benecel® MP 843; Calcium acetate; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Kelcoloid® HVF Kelcoloid® LVF; Kelcoloid® S; Kelgum® 87; Keltrol®; Keltrol® 521 Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® F; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® T 622; Keltrol® TF TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Powder; Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 2539

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, table syrup emulsions Powdered Gum Ghatti G-1 stabilizer, table syrups Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate stabilizer, tableted nonnutritive sweeteners PVP stabilizer, table toppings Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate stabilizer, tablets Microcrystalline cellulose stabilizer, tart fruit pie fillings Rezista® stabilizer, temp.: condiments Akucell® AF 3295 stabilizer, temp./pH/shear/freeze-thaw: dressings Delta™ 7393 stabilizer, temp/pH/shear/freeze-thaw: dressings Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV stabilizer, temp./pH/shear/freeze-thaw: gravies Delta™ 7393 stabilizer, temp/pH/shear/freeze-thaw: gravies Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV stabilizer, temp./pH/shear/freeze-thaw: sauces Delta™ 7393; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV stabilizer, temp./pH/shear/freeze-thaw: soups Delta™ 7393 stabilizer, temp/pH/shear/freeze-thaw: soups Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV stabilizer, temp.: salad dressings Akucell® AF 3295 stabilizer, temp.: sauces Akucell® AF 3295 stabilizer, temp.: soups Akucell® AF 3295 stabilizer, thaw: canned food particulates National® 77-1744 stabilizer, thaw: gravies National® 77-1744; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Colloid 886 Powder stabilizer, thaw: marinades TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder stabilizer, thaw: pet foods National® 77-1744 stabilizer, thaw: sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, thaw: soups National® 77-1744 stabilizer, thaw: stews National® 77-1744 stabilizer, tomato prods. Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB stabilizer, tomato sauces C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex 06204; C*TexInstant 12605; KELSET® stabilizer, topping powdsers Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids stabilizer, toppings Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Ammonium alginate Calcium acetate; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; DREWMULSE® 200K; EM 7; Insta*Thick® X-10 Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Propylene glycol monodistearate; Vis*Quick® 11 Vis*Quick® 21 stabilizer, topping syrups Manucol® Ester M; PROVImel® FO 4 stabilizer, tortillas Panicrust LC K stabilizer, UHT Lactarin® CM 2254 stabilizer, UHT desserts C*Tex 06204 stabilizer, UHT puddings C*Tex 06204 stabilizer, vanilla flavors Malt extract stabilizer, vegetable dishes Curdlan stabilizer, vegetable juices Tylopur® C 6000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 stabilizer, vegetable oils t-Butyl hydroquinone; Eisai Natural Vitamin E Series; Tenox® PG; Tenox® TBHQ stabilizer, vegetable patties Methylcellulose stabilizer, vegetables Manugel® DMB; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate

2540

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, vegetablepurees Tenderfil® 9 stabilizer, vending soups C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 stabilizer, vinaigrette dressings Keltrol® T 622 stabilizer, vinaigrettes C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 stabilizer, viscosity: cultured dairy prods. Maxi-Gel® 700 stabilizer, Vitamin B12: multivitamin preps. Disodium EDTA stabilizer, Vitamin B12: egg whites Glucose oxidase stabilizer, Vitamin B12: food Glucose oxidase stabilizer, Vitamin B12: liquid egg yolks Glucose oxidase stabilizer, Vitamin B12: liquid whole egg Glucose oxidase stabilizer, Vitamin B12: soft drinks Glucose oxidase stabilizer, vitamin C: corn processing Sulfur dioxide stabilizer, Vitamin C: egg whites Glucose oxidase stabilizer, Vitamin C: food Glucose oxidase stabilizer, vitamin C: food Sulfur dioxide stabilizer, Vitamin C: liquid egg yolks Glucose oxidase stabilizer, Vitamin C: liquid whole eggs Glucose oxidase stabilizer, vitamin concs. PVP stabilizer, Vitamin C: soft drinks Glucose oxidase stabilizer, vitamins Tenox® BHA stabilizer, vitamin tablets Hydroxypropylcellulose stabilizer, volatiles-to-solid powders Cyclodextrin; β-Cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-α-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin stabilizer, waffle batters Cake STA

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, water Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265 Lactogel® FX 7351; Viscarin® BK 1761 stabilizer, water gel prods. Stamere® CKM FCC stabilizer, water ices Concentrated DARILOID® KB; Cremodan® DC; Karaya Gum FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine #1 FCC; Powdered Gum Karaya Superfine XXXX FCC PROVImel® FO 1; PROVImel® FO 2; PROVImel® FO 3; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer 64 Powder; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Ice 101-A Powder TIC Pretested® Stabilizer Ice-200 Powder stabilizer, waxes Tenox® TBHQ stabilizer, whey Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate stabilizer, whipped creams Alginade® DC; TIC Pretested® Stabilizer WT Powder stabilizer, whipped milk prods. Sucrose fatty acid esters stabilizer, whipped puddings Tylopur® C 1000 P2 stabilizer, whipped sponge mixts. Propylene glycol monodistearate stabilizer, whipped topping bases Polyglyceryl-3 stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate stabilizer, whipped toppings Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Dariloid® QH; Hodag® S-35 K; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Methyl ethyl cellulose Myverol® 18-07K; Myverol® P-06K; Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids; Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 65 Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, whipping cream Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Kelgum® 100 stabilizer, whipping masses Dynacet® 211P; Dynacet® 212P; Imwitor® 325; Imwitor® 440; Imwitor® 460 Soybean oil glycerides stabilizer, white glazes: Danish pastries Panistay® 2541

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference stabilizer, white glazes: donuts Panistay® stabilizer, white glazes: fried prods. Panistay® stabilizer, white glazes: honeybuns Panistay® stabilizer, white glazes: sweet goods Panistay® stabilizer, white icings: Danish pastries Panistay® stabilizer, white icings: donuts Panistay® stabilizer, white icings: fried prods. Panistay® stabilizer, white icings: honeybuns Panistay® stabilizer, white icings: sweet goods Panistay® stabilizer, whitening agents C*EmCap stabilizer, wine Bentonite; Bromelain; Divergan® F; Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; Oenogum™ S FiltraClear stabilizer, wing sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer 8444 ST stabilizer, w/o emulsions DREWPOL PGPR stabilizer, yeast Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids stabilizer, yeast-raised doughs Panicrust LC K stabilizer, yogurt Agar Agar NF MK-80-B Powdered; Agar Agar NF S-100 Powdered; Agar Agar NF S150-B Powdered; Agar Agar S-100; Calcium Caseinate R EM 7; N-Lite® CL; Novation® 3300; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9330 Pectin, amidated; PolarTex 06747; PROVImel® FM 601; PROVImel® FM 602; Tylopur® C 6000 G1 Tylopur® CB 30000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 stabilizer, yogurt desserts C*Tex 06201 stabilizer, yogurt dressings Merecol® S; Merecol® Y stabilizer, yogurt dry mixes Kelgum® 87 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

stabilizer, yogurt fruit bases Rezista® stabilizer, yogurt fruit preps. Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 738 stabilizer, yogurt/fruit preps. Manucol® Ester M stabilzer, meat Aquagel MP™ staling inhibitor Lamemul® K 2000-Range starch breakdown agent, baked goods Fungamyl 800 L starch complexing agent, baking Crodatem L starch complexing agent, cake mixes Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids starch complexing agent, confectionery Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids starch complexing agent, food Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids starch complexing agent, gravy mixes Crodatem L starch complexing agent, margarine Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids starch complexing agent, rendered animal fats Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids starch complexing agent, whipped toppings Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids starch degradation aid Rapidase® starch hydrolysis reagent α-Amylase starch modifier, pizza doughs Cain's PDC (Pizza Dough Conditioner) starch modifier, tortilla doughs Cain's PDC (Pizza Dough Conditioner) starch replacer, bakery prods. TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic FCC/NF Powder starch replacer, dry mixes TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic FCC/NF Powder starch replacer, meal replacers TIC Pretested® Bright Gum Arabic FCC/NF Powder starch retrogradation inhibitor, baked goods DK Ester F-50; DK Ester F 90; DK Ester F110; DK Ester F-160 starch retrogradation inhibitor, fish pastes DK Ester F-50; DK Ester F 90; DK Ester F110; DK Ester F-160 2542

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference starch retrogradation inhibitor, flour pastes DK Ester F-50; DK Ester F 90; DK Ester F110; DK Ester F-160 starter culture, cheeses Delvo-Add™; Delvo-Tam™; Delvo-Tec™; Direct-Set™ starter culture, dairy prods. Delvo-Tec™; Direct-Set™ starter culture, fermented milk prods. Delvo-Add™; Delvo-Pro™; Delvo-Tam™ starter culture, yogurt prods. Delvo-Pro™ sterilant, brewing Potassium bisulfite sterilizer, cold sterilization: beverages Velcorin® sterilizer, food Potassium metabisulfite stickiness inhibitor Myvatex® Mighty Soft® K stickiness inhibitor, noodles Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 stickiness inhibitor, pasta Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 stiffener, food Microcrystalline wax strengthener, baked goods Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785; CrystaLean®; JustFiber® BF200 FCC JustFiber® BF200; JustFiber® BFC 40; JustFiber® BVF 65 FCC; JustFiber® BVF 200 FCC; JustFiber® C10CL JustFiber® C100FCC; Paygel® 290/295; Simplex strengthener, baked tortilla chips JustFiber® BF200 FCC; JustFiber® BF200; JustFiber® BFC 40; JustFiber® BVF 65 FCC; JustFiber® BVF 200 FCC JustFiber® C10CL; JustFiber® C100FCC strengthener, beverages JustFiber® BVF 200 FCC strengthener, breads Soft Touch K strengthener, cakes Soft Touch K strengthener, cereals Citri-Fi® 100 FG; CrystaLean® strengthener, Cheddar cheese Gel 'N' Melt®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

strengthener, confectionery Crystal Tex™ 644; Crystal Tex™ 648; Tapioca dextrin strengthener, cookies Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 200 strengthener, crackers Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 200; Citri-Fi® 100 FG strengthener, diabetic food CrystaLean® strengthener, dough: food Calcium/sodium stearoyl lactylate strengthener, dry foods Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber strengthener, extruded prods. Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 strengthener, extruded snack foods CrystaLean® strengthener, fresh noodles TIC Pretested® Colloid Noodlizer Powder strengthener, fried tortilla chips JustFiber® BF200 FCC; JustFiber® BF200; JustFiber® BFC 40; JustFiber® BVF 65 FCC; JustFiber® BVF 200 FCC JustFiber® C10CL; JustFiber® C100FCC strengthener, gluten: bread improvers Gluzyme 10000 BG; Gluzyme Mono 10000 BG strengthener, ground meats Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 strengthener, ice cream cones Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785; JustFiber® BF200 FCC JustFiber® BF200; JustFiber® BFC 40; JustFiber® BVF 65 FCC; JustFiber® BVF 200 FCC; JustFiber® C10CL JustFiber® C100FCC strengthener, imitation cheeses Gel 'N' Melt® strengthener, low-fat cookies Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 strengthener, Mozzarella cheese Gel 'N' Melt® 2543

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference strengthener, nonfat cakes Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780 Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 strengthener, nutritional foods CrystaLean® strengthener, pretzels JustFiber® BF200 FCC; JustFiber® BF200; JustFiber® BFC 40; JustFiber® BVF 65 FCC; JustFiber® BVF 200 FCC JustFiber® C10CL; JustFiber® C100FCC strengthener, processed American cheese Gel 'N' Melt® strengthener, taco shells Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 strengthener, tortilla chips Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 strengthener, wafers JustFiber® BF200 FCC; JustFiber® BF200; JustFiber® BFC 40; JustFiber® BVF 65 FCC; JustFiber® BVF 200 FCC JustFiber® C10CL; JustFiber® C100FCC strengthener, yeast-raised donuts Soft Touch K structure improver, food prods. BatterCrisp™ 90240 structure improver, imitation cheeses EM 9N structure improver, meat prods. BatterCrisp™ 90240 structure improver, nutritional beverages EM 9N structure improver, potato prods. BatterCrisp™ 90240 structure improver, powdered dietetic prods. EM 9N structure improver, processed cheeses EM 9N structure improver, processed meat prods. EM 9N

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

structure improver, processed poultry prods. EM 9N structure improver, protein bars EM 9N structure improver, vegetable prods. BatterCrisp™ 90240 structuring agent, bakery fillings Crystal Tex™ 648 structuring agent, bakery/snack glazes Crystal Tex™ 648 structuring agent, confectionery Crystal Tex™ 648 structuring agent, dairy desserts Crystal Tex™ 648 structuring agent, dressings Crystal Tex™ 648 structuring agent, English muffins Muffin Aid® structuring agent, fats: peanut butter Revel A structuring agent, food Tapioca dextrin structuring agent, spreads Crystal Tex™ 648 sucrose replacement, no-sugar-added ice cream prods. Maltisweet™ IC sucrose substitute, baked goods BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 45DE High Maltose; Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC sucrose substitute, chewing gum Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC sucrose substitute, chocolate Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC sucrose substitute, confectionery Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC sucrose substitute, dairy prods. BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 45DE High Maltose sucrose substitute, fat-based cream fillings Glucodry 430 sucrose substitute, fruit preps. Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC sucrose substitute, ice cream Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC sucrose substitute, juices Sirodex 310; Sirodex 331; Sirodex 431; Sirodex 810 sucrose substitute, nectars Sirodex 310; Sirodex 331; Sirodex 431; Sirodex 810

2544

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sucrose substitute, soft drinks Sirodex 310; Sirodex 331; Sirodex 431; Sirodex 810 sucrose substitute, sugar-free applics. Hystar® 5885; Maltisweet™ 6580; Maltisweet™ 6585; Maltisweet™ B sucrose substitute, table-top sweeteners Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC sugar crystal size control agent, frostings Aqualon® 7H3SXF sugar crystal size control agent, icings Aqualon® 7H3SXF sugar, savory flavor reducing D(+)-Xylose sugar source, fermentable: beer Sirodex 310; Sirodex 331; Sirodex 431 sugar source, fermentable: cider Sirodex 310; Sirodex 331; Sirodex 431 sugar substitute Maltisweet™ CM 9820; Nutriose® FB06 sugar substitute, baked goods Litesse® sugar substitute, candy Isomalt sugar substitute, chewing gum Isomalt; Litesse® sugar substitute, confectionery Isomalt; Litesse®; Maltisweet™ CM Fines sugar substitute, cooking Ammonium saccharin; Calcium saccharin; Saccharin; Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sugar substitute, desserts Isomalt sugar substitute, diabetic food Sorbitol; Xylitol sugar substitute, dietetic food Xylitol sugar substitute, food Isomalt; Litesse®; Maltisweet™ CM Fines; Xylitol sugar substitute, frozen desserts Litesse® sugar substitute, lite prods. Litesse® sugar substitute, soft drinks Isomalt sugar substitute, special dietary uses Xylitol

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sugar substitute, table use Ammonium saccharin; Calcium saccharin; Saccharin; Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sulfite replacement, preventing blackspot on shrimp EverFresh® sulfurous acid source, brewing Potassium bisulfite surface-finishing agent, baked goods Hodag® S-35 K surface-finishing agent, bakery prods. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose surface-finishing agent, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose surface-finishing agent, candy Koster Keunen Carnauba; Maltodextrin surface-finishing agent, chewing gum Shellac wax surface-finishing agent, citrus Candelilla (Euphorbia cerifera) wax surface-finishing agent, coffee whiteners Hodag® S-35 K surface-finishing agent, confectionery Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 592; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light) Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine; Zein surface-finishing agent, crackers Maltodextrin surface-finishing agent, dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose surface-finishing agent, edible coatings Zein surface-finishing agent, food Acacia; Agar; Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 59-2; Carnauba Wax SP 63 Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light); Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200 Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine; Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine Chemstat® G-118/52; Hodag® S-35 K; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Imperial 400; Koster Keunen Carnauba 2545

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Maltodextrin; Ross Carnauba Wax; SlipAyd® SL 506; Slip-Ayd® SL 508; S-Nauba #1-120 S-Nauba #1 Flake; S-Nauba #3-120; SNauba #3 Flake; S-Nauba 5021; Sorbitol Zein surface-finishing agent, food processing Imperial 400 surface-finishing agent, frozen desserts Hodag® S-35 K surface-finishing agent, fruit coatings Carnauba Wax SP 8; Carnauba Wax SP 592; Carnauba Wax SP 63; Carnauba Wax SP 63 NF; Carnauba Wax SP 64 (Extra Light) Carnauba Wax SP 135; Carnauba Wax SP 142; Carnauba Wax SP 200; Carnauba Wax Coarse; Carnauba Wax Fine Carnauba Wax Hard; Carnauba Wax Soft; Carnauba Wax Superfine surface-finishing agent, grains Zein surface-finishing agent, ice cream Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose surface-finishing agent, nuts Zein surface-finishing agent, panned goods Zein surface-finishing agent, puddings Maltodextrin surface-finishing agent, salad dressings Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose surface-finishing agent, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose surface-finishing agent, shortening Hodag® S-35 K surface-finishing agent, whipped toppings Hodag® S-35 K surface treating agent, confectionery Delios® C surface treating agent, dried fruits Delios® C surfactant Arlacel® 186; Citric acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Crillet 4 Super; Hedimuls-LO/01; Poloxamer 183 Poloxamer 215 surfactant, bacon Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract surfactant, baked goods Hodag® S-35 K; Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate; Lecithin; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Liposorb S; Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Ultralec® F Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P surfactant, bakery mixes Lactylic stearate surfactant, baking powder Potassium acid tartrate surfactant, BBQ sauces Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK surfactant, beverage powders Lecithin surfactant, beverages Complemix® 100; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract surfactant, boil-out: sugar beet Avanel® S-74 surfactant, boil-out: sugar cane processing Avanel® S-74 surfactant, cake fillings Lactylic stearate surfactant, cake icings Lactylic stearate surfactant, cake mixes Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol surfactant, cakes Polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate; Polysorbate 60 surfactant, cake toppings Lactylic stearate surfactant, candy Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Potassium acid tartrate surfactant, cheeses Propylene glycol alginate surfactant, chewing gum Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract surfactant, chocolate Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K surfactant, cleaning/deodorizing: food processing Microcat® ECL surfactant, cleaning/deodorizing: meatpacking Microcat® ECL surfactant, coarse cryst. NaCl Polysorbate 80 surfactant, cocoa powder Lecithin

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference surfactant, coffee whiteners Hodag® S-35 K; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Liposorb S; Polysorbate 60 surfactant, condiments Propylene glycol alginate surfactant, confectionery Algin; Potassium acid tartrate; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P surfactant, confectionery coatings Liposorb S; Polysorbate 60 surfactant, cream Soda Phos (FG) surfactant, dairy processing Maquat™ FD-2003 surfactant, dairy prods. Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs.; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G Ultralec® P surfactant, dehydrated fruit juices Lactylic esters of fatty acids surfactant, dehydrated fruits Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate surfactant, dehydrated juices Lactylic esters of fatty acids surfactant, dehydrated potatoes Sodium stearoyl lactylate surfactant, dehydrated vegetables Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate surfactant, desserts Polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate surfactant, dietary supplements Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract surfactant, dietetic prods. Epikuron™ 100 G surfactant, dietetic supplements Epikuron™ 130 G surfactant, dressings Polysorbate 60 surfactant, eggs Soda Phos (FG) surfactant, enhanced nutritional supplements Epikuron™ 130 G surfactant, fats/oils Propylene glycol alginate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

surfactant, fats/oils: baked goods Lumulse® PGO K surfactant, fats/oils: coatings Lumulse® PGO K surfactant, fats/oils: fillings Lumulse® PGO K surfactant, fats/oils: flavors Lumulse® PGO K surfactant, fats/oils: icing bases Lumulse® PGO K surfactant, fats/oils: mixes Lumulse® PGO K surfactant, fillings Liposorb S surfactant, flavors Propylene glycol alginate surfactant, food Aldo® HMO; Aldo® HMO PG KFG; Aldo® MO PG KFG; Algin; Ammonium glycyrrhizate Ammonium glycyrrhizinate; Atsurf® 456K; Atsurf® 596K; Axol® C 62; Calcium chloride Calcium/sodium stearoyl lactylate; Chemstat® G-118/52; Complemix® 100; Crillet 2 Super; Crillet 4 HP Crillet 4 NF; Diisotridecyl adipate; Emalex GMS-B; Emalex GMS-F; Emalex PGML Emalex PGMS; Glyceryl caprylate; Glyceryl dilaurate; Glyceryl dioleate; Glyceryl isostearate Glyceryl palmitate; Hedipin-DITA; HedipinIOO; Hedipin-ITS; Hedipin-PEDS G Hedipin-SHO/500; Hetsorb O-5; Hodag® S35 K; Isooctyl oleate; Isooctyl stearate Isotridecyl stearate; Kosteran-T/1; KotilenS/3; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Lactylic esters of fatty acids Lactylic stearate; Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Lecithin; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Liposorb O-20K; Liposorb S; Lonzest® GMS-D Lonzest® MSA; Methocel® 310 Series; Methocel® E15LV; Methocel® J5MS; Monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs.; Myverol 18-01; NAA-34; NAA-35; NAA-38

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference NAA-60; NAA-82; Nofable AO-80; Nofable AO-90; Nofable AO-99 Nofable BO-90K; Nofable BO-90N; Nofable BO-90T; Nofable BO-99K; Nofable BO-99N Nofable BO-99T; Nofable CO-90; Nofable CO-99; Nofable EAO-80; Nofable EAO-90 Nofable EAO-99; Nofable EO-90; Nofable EO-99; Nofable ESO-99; Nofable ESO-90 Nofable FO-9061; Nofable FO-9062; Nofable FO-9081; Nofable FO-9082; Nofable FO-9961 Nofable FO-9962; Nofable FO-9981; Nofable FO-9982; Nofable GO-901; Nofable GO-901P Nofable GO-902; Nofable GO-903; Nofable GO-991; Nofable GO-991H; Nofable GO991P Nofable GO-992; Nofable GO-993; Nofable MO-90; Nofable MO-99; Nofable OO-9080 Nofable OO-9090; Nofable OO-9980; Nofable OO-9990; Nofable OO-9999; Nofable PGO-900L Nofable PGO-900M; Nofable PGO-902L; Nofable PGO-904L; Nofable PGO-904M; Nofable PGO-906L Nofable PGO-906M; Nofable PGO-908L; Nofable PGO-990L; Nofable PGO-990M; Nofable PGO-992L Nofable PGO-994L; Nofable PGO-994M; Nofable PGO-996L; Nofable PGO-996M; Nofable PGO-998L Nofable SO-901; Nofable SO-902; Nofable SO-903; Nofable SO-991; Nofable SO-992 Nofable SO-993; Nonoxynol-6; Nonoxynol10; Nonoxynol-11; Nonoxynol-40 Nonoxynol-50; Octoxynol-5; Octoxynol-8; Octoxynol-9; Octoxynol-13 Octoxynol-30; Octoxynol-40; Ox bile extract; Pationic® 925; PEG-6 dilaurate PEG-32 dilaurate; PEG-75 dilaurate; PEG150 dilaurate; PEG-4 dioleate; PEG-6 dioleate PEG-20 dioleate; PEG-32 dioleate; PEG-75 dioleate; PEG-150 dioleate; PEG-6 distearate PEG-20 distearate; PEG-32 distearate; PEG75 distearate; PEG-32 laurate; PEG-6 oleate PEG-32 oleate; PEG-75 oleate; PEG-50 sorbitan hexaoleate; PEG-32 stearate; PEG75 stearate PEG-100 stearate; Pentaerythrityl distearate; Polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate; Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 80

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol; Propylene glycol alginate; Propylene glycol laurate; Protachem™ SLP 95 Rhodapon® LSB; Rhodapon® SM Special; Sodium glyceryl oleate phosphate; Sodium oleate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate Sorbitan palmitate; Sorbitan stearate; Sorbitan tallate; STEPANOL® LCP; Triton® X-15 Triton® X-45; Triton® X-100; Triton® X-102; Triton® X-120; Triton® X-305-70% Triton® X-405-70%; Tween® 20 Pharma surfactant, food processing Benzalkonium chloride; Liposorb O-20; Maquat™ FD-2003; NKC-610 Benzalkonium Chloride; Qemisurf 300K surfactant, fresh citrus fruit coatings Rhodapon® LSB; Rhodapon® SM Special surfactant, frostings Algin; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P surfactant, frozen dairy desserts Propylene glycol alginate surfactant, frozen desserts Hodag® S-35 K; Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate; Liposorb S surfactant, fruit coatings Rhodapon® LCP surfactant, fruit juice drinks Sodium lauryl sulfate surfactant, fruit juices Algin surfactant, fruit washing Calsoft® L-60; Rhodacal® DS-4; Rhodapon® BOS surfactant, fumaric acid-acidulated dry beverage bases Sodium lauryl sulfate surfactant, gelatin Algin; Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol alginate surfactant, gravies Propylene glycol alginate surfactant, half & half Soda Phos (FG) surfactant, hard candy Algin surfactant, health foods Epikuron™ 100 GEpikuron™ 130 G surfactant, herbs Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract

2548

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference surfactant, ice cream Algin; Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Soda Phos (FG) surfactant, ice cream stabilizers Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P surfactant, icing Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Liposorb S; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G Ultralec® P surfactant, instant beverage mixes Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P surfactant, instant foods Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P surfactant, jams Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol alginate surfactant, jellies Propylene glycol alginate surfactant, liquid shortening Lactylic esters of fatty acids surfactant, low-foaming: food Hercules® AR 160 surfactant, meat Soda Phos (FG); Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P surfactant, meat/poultry processing Maquat™ FD-2003 surfactant, meat prods. Lecithin surfactant, mixes Sodium stearoyl lactylate surfactant, nutritional applics. Imwitor® 928; Imwitor® 988; Witafrol® 7420 surfactant, oleomargarine Lecithin surfactant, o/w emulsions Tagat® L2; Tagat® O2 surfactant, o/w emulsions: food Lonzest® GMS-C surfactant, pesticides: growing crops Distearyldimonium chloride; Ethylene dichloride; Lauramide DEA; Octoxynol-1; Octoxynol-30 surfactant, poultry Lecithin; Soda Phos (FG) surfactant, poultry scald baths EO/PO block polymer or copolymer surfactant, powdered mixes Epikuron™ 100 G surfactant, processed cheeses Soda Phos (FG) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

surfactant, pudding mixes Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lactylic stearate surfactant, puddings Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate surfactant, salt Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK surfactant, sauces Algin surfactant, seafood Soda Phos (FG) surfactant, seasonings Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract; Propylene glycol alginate surfactant, shortening Hodag® S-35 K; Lecithin surfactant, shortening/edible oils Polysorbate 60 surfactant, soft candy Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derivs. surfactant, syrups Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract surfactant, table syrups Soda Phos (FG) surfactant, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) surfactant, tablets Epikuron™ 100 G surfactant, tonics Epikuron™ 100 G surfactant, toppings Algin; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol surfactant, vegetables Soda Phos (FG) surfactant, vegetable washing Calsoft® L-60; Rhodacal® DS-4; Rhodapon® BOS surfactant, whey Soda Phos (FG) surfactant, whipped toppings Hodag® S-35 K; Liposorb S; Polysorbate 60 surrogate, hops Quassia suspending agent Benecel® M 043; Genu® Pectin USP/200; Genu® Pectin USP-L/200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY

2549

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Manucol® LB; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Colloid 886 Powder suspending agent, adhesion systems Kelcogel® F suspending agent, alcohol stable drinks TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. suspending agent, all-natural seaweed liquid base: neutraceutical beverages TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1155 Powder suspending agent, anchovies Manugel® DMB suspending agent, Asian marinades/sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder suspending agent, Asian sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder suspending agent, aspics Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Manugel® DMB suspending agent, baked cream fillings Concentrated DARILOID® XL suspending agent, baked goods Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200; Xanthan gum suspending agent, bakery emulsions Ticaxan® Regular suspending agent, bakery filling creams Manucol® DMF suspending agent, bakery fillings Kelcogel®; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF Manucol® DM; Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ suspending agent, bakery jellies Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ; Sodium Alginate HV Sodium Alginate LV suspending agent, bakery mixes TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder suspending agent, bakery prods. Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 8200 Powder suspending agent, bakery toppings Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium suspending agent, baking powder Calcium silicate suspending agent, bar mixes TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder suspending agent, batters Kelcogel® F; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® SF Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF suspending agent, beverages CarraVis™ Series; Coyote Stabilizer APG200; Coyote Stabilizer CS-100; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Genu® Pectins Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Kelcogel® Kelcogel® F; Keltrol® HP; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1155 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticagel® PG-730 Powder; Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC; Xanthan gum suspending agent, biscuits Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200 suspending agent, breads Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200 suspending agent, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelcogel® F

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference suspending agent, breakfast drinks TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder suspending agent, cake mixes Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder suspending agent, cakes Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 suspending agent, candy Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum suspending agent, canned food particulates National® 77-1744 suspending agent, canned foods Can-Fil®; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Resistamyl 330 suspending agent, canned pet foods Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Manugel® DMB; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 suspending agent, canned prods. Resistamyl 131; Resistamyl 231 suspending agent, canning Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150 suspending agent, cheesecake Concentrated DARILOID® XL suspending agent, cheese dips Concentrated DARILOID® XL suspending agent, cheeses Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K150 suspending agent, cheese spreads Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 suspending agent, chewing gum Potassium tripolyphosphate suspending agent, chiffons Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

suspending agent, chili Xanthan gum suspending agent, chilled desserts Manucol® DM suspending agent, chocolate milk TIC Pretested® Colloid 760 MB Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 780 MB suspending agent, chocolate milk drinks Lactarin® CM 2254; Milkvis CM™ suspending agent, citrus pulp drinks TIC Pretested® Colloid 1004 T Powder suspending agent, clear syrups TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powder suspending agent, coating batters Manugel® DMB suspending agent, cocoa TIC Pretested® Colloid 517 T Powder suspending agent, cocoa beverages Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered suspending agent, cocoa: instant chocolate drinks Genulacta® CSM-2 suspending agent, cold pack cheese Kelgum® 331 suspending agent, condiments Akucell® AF 3295 suspending agent, confectionery Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Kelcogel®; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100 Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 210 Powder suspending agent, convenience beverages Genu® Pectin USP/100 suspending agent, convenience foods Genu® Pectins; Genu® Pectin USP/100 suspending agent, cream fillings Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) suspending agent, custards Concentrated DARILOID® XL suspending agent, dairy drinks Coyote Stabilizer APG-200 suspending agent, dairy prods. Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); CarraVis™ Series; Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Kelcogel® Kelcogel® F; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Sodaphos®; TIC Pretested® Colloid 601-M Powd.; TIC Pretested® Colloid 760 MB Powder suspending agent, deep-frying batters Aqualon® 9M31XF; Aqualon® 9M31XF suspending agent, dessert gels Kelcogel®; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Manugel® DJX Manugel® GHB suspending agent, desserts Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC; Xanthan gum suspending agent, diet drinks Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) suspending agent, dietetic beverages Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered suspending agent, dietetic foods Methocel® K15M Premium; Miglyol® 812; Miglyol® 840

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

suspending agent, dips Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101 suspending agent, dressings Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; ShurFil® 427; Shur-Fil® 677 suspending agent, dressings/sauces Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC suspending agent, drink mixes Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 suspending agent, dry mixes Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF; Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 8200 Powder suspending agent, dry mix soups Waxy #1 suspending agent, dry powdered mixes TIC Pretested® Action Gum 5000 Powder; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 6700 Powder suspending agent, eggnog Concentrated DARILOID® XL suspending agent, egg prods. Manucol® JKT suspending agent, extruded seafood prods. Methocel® K4M Premium suspending agent, farinaceous foods Kelcogel® F suspending agent, fillings Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum suspending agent, flavored cold dairy suspending agent Lactarin® MV 2066 suspending agent, flavor emulsions Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference suspending agent, flavor enhancers: high-salt liquids TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer 8444 ST suspending agent, flavors Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra suspending agent, flavor syrups Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium suspending agent, food Alginic acid; Aqualon® Cellulose Gum; Benecel® Methylcellulose; Bentonite; CabO-Sil® H-5 Calcium carboxymethyl cellulose; Calcium silicate; Carboxymethylmethylcellulose; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); CarraVis™ Series CMC Daicel; Coyote Brand Tara Gum; Diagum LBG; Genugel® X-902-02; Genu® Pectins Genu® Pectin USP/100; Genuvisco®; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Hercules® AR 160; Hydroxypropylcellulose Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Kelcosol®; KELGIN® F KELGIN® HV; KELGIN® LV; KELGIN® MV; KELGIN® XL; KELTONE® HV KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® CR; Klucel® 'F' Grades; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Manucol® JKT; Manucol® LB Manugel® C; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GHB; Manugel® JKB Manugel® L98; Manugel® PTJ; Methocel® 310 Series; Methocel® A4C Premium; Methocel® E4M Premium EP Methocel® E6 Premium; Methocel® E15LV; Methocel® E15LV Premium; Methocel® J5MS; Methocel® K4M Premium Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100M Premium; Methyl ethyl cellulose; PEG-20 glyceryl stearate Polysorbate 81; Potassium alginate; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Powdered Agar Agar Bacteriological Grade; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-60 Powdered Agar Agar Type K-80; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-100; Powdered Agar Agar Type K-150; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium Powdered Gum Ghatti G-1; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; Scogin™ HV Scogin™ LV; Scogin™ MV; S-Maz® 80K; SMaz® 85K; Sodium acid pyrophosphate Solec™ CX; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra; Stamere® CKS NF FCC; Stamere® N-325 NF FCC Stamere® N-350 NF FCC; Stamere® N-350 S NF FCC; Stamere® NI NF FCC; Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580 Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1155 Powder; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 19444 Powd. 2553

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference TIC Pretested® Colloid 488T Powd.; TIC Pretested® Colloid 602 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; T-Maz® 20 T-Maz® 80; T-Maz® 80KLM; T-Maz® 81; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum; Viscocel® SC-200 Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-611; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681; Walocel® HM 100000 PPA 2208; Xanthan gum suspending agent, food batters Kelvis® suspending agent, food colorants DREWPOL® 10-6-O; DREWPOL PGPR; Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate suspending agent, food service dressings Kelgum® 331 suspending agent, fried foods TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder suspending agent, frostings Kelcogel® suspending agent, frozen breakfast drinks Aqualon® 7MF suspending agent, frozen desserts Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Sodaphos® Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 suspending agent, frozen dinners Ultra-Tex® 2000 suspending agent, frozen foods Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850GRD Ultra-Tex® 2000 suspending agent, frozen novelties Kelgum® 100 suspending agent, frozen pie fillings Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Locust Bean Gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 suspending agent, frozen pot pies Ultra-Tex® 2000 suspending agent, fruit beverages Ticaxan® Regular suspending agent, fruit drinks Aqualon® 7HF; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered suspending agent, fruit fillings Manugel® L98; Ultra-Sperse® suspending agent, fruit juices TIC Pretested® Ticagel® PG-730 Powder suspending agent, fruit pulp Keltrol®; Keltrol® F suspending agent, fruit pulp: beverages Instant Textra suspending agent, fruit pulp: juice beverages Textra®; Textra® Plus suspending agent, fruit: yogurt CarraVis™ 60CL suspending agent, fruit: yogurt fruit preps. Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 310; Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 450 suspending agent, functional foods TIC Pretested® Colloid Ultrasmooth Powder suspending agent, gelatin Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum suspending agent, glazes Hydroxypropylcellulose; Kelcogel®; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® L98; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 210 Powder suspending agent, gravies Can-Fil®; Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF; Methocel® K15M Premium; National® 77-1744; National® 150; National® 1545 National® 6912; Shur-Fil® 427; Shur-Fil® 677; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 5000 Powder TIC Pretested® Action Gum 6700 Powder; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD; TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Action Gum

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Colloid 886 Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd.; Xanthan gum suspending agent, high-salt applics. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder suspending agent, high-solids fillings Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ suspending agent, hot chocolate TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. suspending agent, hot cocoa mixes TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder suspending agent, hot sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Stabilizer 8444 ST; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder suspending agent, HTST Lactarin® CM 2254 suspending agent, ice cream Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Glass H®; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered Hexaphos®; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelgum® 100; Kelgum® XK9; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Manucol® DM; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200; Sodaphos®; Sodium Alginate HV; Sodium Alginate LV Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC580F Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-611; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 suspending agent, ice cream cones Methocel® K4M Premium suspending agent, ice: poultry Methocel® K4M Premium

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

suspending agent, icing Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Kelcogel®; Methocel® K4M Premium TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 210 Powder suspending agent, industrial applics. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder suspending agent, instant beverage mixes TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder suspending agent, instant beverages TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder suspending agent, instant cocoa TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder suspending agent, instant drinks TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 602 Powd. suspending agent, instant gravies TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder suspending agent, instant hot cocoa TIC Pretested® Colloid 601-M Powd. suspending agent, instant mousses Manucol® JKT; Manugel® L98 suspending agent, instant puddings Manucol® JKT; Manugel® L98 suspending agent, instant sauces TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder suspending agent, instant soup mixes TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder suspending agent, instant water jelly Manugel® DMB; Manugel® L98 suspending agent, jams Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Xanthan gum suspending agent, jams/jellies Kelcogel® suspending agent, jellies Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum suspending agent, juice drinks Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF suspending agent, juices Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612

2555

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-611 suspending agent, liquid system solids TIC Pretested® Colloid 881 M Powder suspending agent, low-calorie syrups Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) suspending agent, low-fat foods Kelcogel®; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 suspending agent, low-fat spreads Kelcogel® F suspending agent, low-oil mayonnaise TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 243 M Powder suspending agent, marinades TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1155 Powder; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD; TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. suspending agent, meal replacers TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1155 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 601-M Powd. suspending agent, meat Manugel® DMB suspending agent, meat binders Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 suspending agent, meat prods. Potassium tripolyphosphate suspending agent, meat/vegetable chunks: soups Supercol® GF suspending agent, meringues Methyl ethyl cellulose; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder suspending agent, milk-based systems Concentrated DARILOID® XL suspending agent, milk beverages TIC Pretested® Colloid 720 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 780 MB suspending agent, milk-like beverages TIC Pretested® Colloid 720 Powder Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

suspending agent, milk prods. Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Lactarin® MV 2066; Xanthan gum suspending agent, milk shake powd. Concentrated DARILOID® XL suspending agent, milk shakes Kelgum® XK9 suspending agent, mousses Methocel® K100LV Premium suspending agent, nonfat foods Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 suspending agent, nutritional meal replacers TIC Pretested® Colloid Supersmooth Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid Ultrasmooth Powder suspending agent, oils Hydroxypropylcellulose suspending agent, particulate ingreds.: canned foods National® 150; National® 1545; National® 6912 suspending agent, particulates Avicel® RC-501; Avicel® RC-591F; Textra® suspending agent, particulates: dressings Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581 suspending agent, particulates: drinks TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer XC-8444 Powder suspending agent, particulates: frozen desserts Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581 suspending agent, particulates: liquid egg prods. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer XC-8444 Powder suspending agent, particulates: sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer XC-8444 Powder suspending agent, particulates: whipped toppings Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581 suspending agent, pet foods Can-Fil®; Kelcogel®; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB; Methocel® K15M Premium

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference National® 77-1744; National® 150; National® 1545; National® 6912 suspending agent, pie fillings Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100 Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Ticaxan® Regular suspending agent, pies Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum suspending agent, pineapple pulp TIC Pretested® Colloid 1004 T Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 1019 Powder suspending agent, pizza/frozen dough TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder suspending agent, potato prods. Manucol® DMF; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB suspending agent, poultry Xanthan gum suspending agent, poultry prods. Potassium tripolyphosphate suspending agent, pourable dressings Keltrol® HP suspending agent, pourable salad dressings TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 228 M Powder suspending agent, processed cheeses Glass H®; Hexaphos®; Sodaphos® suspending agent, puddings Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum suspending agent, reduced-calorie beverages Aqualon® 7H0F; Aqualon® 9M31F suspending agent, refrigerated dough Ticaxan® Regular suspending agent, refrigerated foods Ultra-Tex® 2000 suspending agent, relishes Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Ticaxan® Regular TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Action Gum Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer 8444 ST; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powder suspending agent, rice drinks TIC Pretested® Colloid Ultrasmooth Powder suspending agent, salad dressing emulsions TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 243 M Powder suspending agent, salad dressing mixes Aqualon® 9H4XF; Aqualon® 9M31XF suspending agent, salad dressings Akucell® AF 3295; Benecel® MP 643; Benecel® MP 824; Benecel® MP 874; Benecel® MP 943 Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Coyote Stabilizer PF-3; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Locust Bean Gum Type A100 Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 5000 Powder; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 6700 Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Colloid 602 Powd.; TIC

2557

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd.; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601 Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Xanthan gum suspending agent, salsas Coyote Stabilizer DS-101 suspending agent, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose suspending agent, sauces Akucell® AF 3295; Coyote Stabilizer APG200; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Kelcogel® F; Kelcosol®; Kelgum® 331 KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250 Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; Shur-Fil® 427 Shur-Fil® 677; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD; TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Colloid 886 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250-ST Powder; Waxy #1 Xanthan gum suspending agent, sausages Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 suspending agent, shakes TIC Pretested® Colloid 601-M Powd. suspending agent, sherbets Kelgum® 100; Sodium Alginate HV; Sodium Alginate LV suspending agent, smoothies Coyote Stabilizer DS-101 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

suspending agent, soft cheeses Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 suspending agent, soft drinks Sodium Alginate HV; Sodium Alginate LV suspending agent, softer reversible gels Manucol® DM; Manucol® DMF; Manucol® LB suspending agent, sorbets Kelgum® 100; Kelgum® XK9; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder suspending agent, soup mixes Alginic acid suspending agent, soups Akucell® AF 3295; Alginic acid; Can-Fil®; Coyote Stabilizer APG-200; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101 Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Methocel® K4M Premium; National® 771744; National® 150; National® 1545 National® 6912; Shur-Fil® 427; Shur-Fil® 677; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. suspending agent, soy-based drinks TIC Pretested® Colloid Ultrasmooth Powder suspending agent, soy sauce TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer 8444 ST suspending agent, spoonable dressings Keltrol® HP suspending agent, spreads Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200 suspending agent, stews Can-Fil®; National® 77-1744; National® 150; National® 1545; National® 6912 suspending agent, strong-gel foods Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB suspending agent, structured fish prods. Manugel® DJX; Manucol® DMF; Manugel® GHB suspending agent, structured foods Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F suspending agent, structured glacé fruits Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ 2558

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference suspending agent, structured meat prods. Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB; Methocel® K4M Premium suspending agent, stuffed meat prods. Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 suspending agent, syrups Acacia; Aqualon® 7HF; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF suspending agent, table salt Calcium silicate suspending agent, tomato prods. Manugel® DMB suspending agent, toppings Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) suspending agent, toppings: bakery Genu® 12CG suspending agent, UHT Lactarin® CM 2254 suspending agent, variegated syrups: bakery prods. Genu® 12CG suspending agent, vegetables Manugel® DMB suspending agent, vitamin tablets Hydroxypropylcellulose suspending agent, water Lactarin® MV 2066 suspending agent, whipped toppings Hydroxypropylcellulose; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methyl ethyl cellulose suspending agent, whipping cream Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Kelgum® 100 suspending agent, wing sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Stabilizer 8444 ST suspending aid, batters: deep-fat frying Aqualon® 9M8F suspension medium, dietary supplements Aldo® MCT sweetener ADM Clintose® VF; Cleardex® 25/42 IX; Cleardex® 28/42; Cleardex® 36/43; Clearsweet® 25/42 Clearsweet® 25/42 IX; Clearsweet® 28/42; Clearsweet® 43% High Maltose;

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

CornSweet® 95; CornSweet® Crystalline Fructose Corn Syrup 52/43; Corn Syrup 62/43; C*Sorbidex C; Dow Glycerine 99.5% USP/EP; Fructofin® CFP Fructofin® CM; Fruisana; Glycerin; Glycon® G-100; Glycon® G-300 Magnasweet® 100; Magnasweet® 110; Magnasweet® 115; Magnasweet® 118; Magnasweet® 120 Magnasweet® 125; Magnasweet® 135; Magnasweet® 136; Magnasweet® 150; Magnasweet® 165 Magnasweet® 180; Magnasweet® 185; Maltisweet™ IC; Moon™ Glycerine USP K; Moon™ Kosher Glycerine USP NK NETO® 7300-43/43; Silica, amorphous; Sipernat® 22; Star™ Glycerine USP, FCC; Star™ K Glycerine USP, FCC Star™ V Glycerine USP, FCC; Sunmalt sweetener, alcoholic beverages Glucodry 430; Glucose, liquid; Splenda® sweetener, artificial Flo-Gard® AB; Magnesium cyclamate; Potassium cyclamate sweetener, artificial: beverages Aspartame sweetener, artificial: breakfast cereals Aspartame sweetener, artificial: chewable multivitamin food supplements Aspartame sweetener, artificial: chewing gum Aspartame sweetener, artificial: dairy prods. Aspartame sweetener, artificial: frozen desserts Aspartame sweetener, artificial: gelatin dry mixes Aspartame sweetener, artificial nonnutritive: bacon Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sweetener, artificial nonnutritive: bakery prods. Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sweetener, artificial nonnutritive: beverage mixes Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sweetener, artificial nonnutritive: chewable vitamin tablets Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sweetener, artificial nonnutritive: chewing gum Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sweetener, artificial nonnutritive: desserts Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sweetener, artificial nonnutritive: food Dulcin; Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sweetener, artificial nonnutritive: fruit juice drinks Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sweetener, artificial nonnutritive: jams Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sweetener, artificial nonnutritive: relishes Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sweetener, artificial nonnutritive: tobacco Saccharin sodium anhydrous; Saccharin sodium dihydrate sweetener, artificial: puddings Aspartame sweetener, artificial: table sugar substitutes Aspartame sweetener, baby foods Glucodry 210; Glucodry 310; Glucodry 350; Glucodry 380; Mylose 120 Mylose 150; Mylose 151; Mylose 220; Mylose 251; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 sweetener, baked goods ADM Clintose® A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF ADM Clintose F; Ammonium saccharin; Bionature® Light Liquid Molasses; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 45DE High Maltose; Caramel Clearsweet® 63/43; Clearsweet® 63/44; Clearsweet® 63/44 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup; C*Maltidex CH 16385

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

C*Maltidex L 16303; C*Maltidex M 16311; CNP BRSMC10; CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35 CNP BRSMC35CL; CNP BRSSHG40; CNP RSSHG40; CNP RSSHM; 62/43 Corn Syrup Dri-Mol®; Dri-Mol® 60; Dri-Mol® 604; DriMol® Flake; Flo-Malt® Fructofin® C; Glucose, liquid; Honi-Bake®; Honi-Bake® 705; Honi-Flake Honi-Flake 705; Hystar® 5885; Isoeugenyl ethyl ether; Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC Molasses (Saccharum officinarum); Neotame; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Rhamnose; Rice*Complete® 35 Rice*Trin® 35; Rice Trin® 35 Organic; Solid Invert Sugar; Sorbogem™; Splenda® Sunett® Food A; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder; Tapioca syrup sweetener, bakery fillings Isosweet 111 sweetener, bakery prods. Glucodry 350; Glucodry 430; Glucomalt 351; Glucomalt 551; Glucomalt 760 Glucomalt 771; Glucoplus 531; Glucoplus 561; Glucosweet 251; Glucosweet 261 Glucosweet 341; Glucosweet 361; Glucosweet 371; Glucosweet 471; Isosweet 360 KRYSTAR® 300; KRYSTAR® 450; KRYSTAR® Liquid; KRYSTAR® Powder; Maltisweet™ 6580 Maltisweet™ 6585; Maltisweet™ M95; Meritose 100; Meritose 200; Meritose 300 Mylose 451; Mylose 461; Mylose 471; Mylose 651; Mylose 658 Mylose 661; Mylose 671; Staleydex® 333; Star-Dri® 180 sweetener, baking mixes De-Mol® Dry Molasses Powder sweetener, barbecue sauces Dri-Mol®; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 sweetener, batter mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01938; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 sweetener, beer Caramel

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sweetener, beverages Aclame™; ADM Clintose® A; ADM Clintose F; Ammonium saccharin; Clearsweet® 63/43 Clearsweet® 63/44; Clearsweet® 63/44 Low SO2; CNP BRSMC10; CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35 CNP BRSMC35CL; Corn syrup, high fructose; DEXSTAR™ Agglomerated Dextrose; Erythritol; Fructamyl 50A Fructamyl 211; Fructofin® C; Glucosweet 431; Glucosweet 611; Glucosweet 660 Glucosweet 661; Glucosweet 711; Glucosweet 731; Glucosweet 761; Glucosweet 931 Glycine; Honey; Invert sugar; IsoClear® 42 High Fructose Corn Syrup; IsoClear® 55 High Fructose Corn Syrup Isoeugenyl ethyl ether; Isosweet 031; Isosweet 100; Isosweet 131; Isosweet 180 Isosweet 331; Isosweet 360; Isosweet 411; Isosweet 413; Isosweet 431 Isosweet 433; Isosweet 460; Isosweet 511; Isosweet 513; Isosweet 531 Isosweet 631; Isosweet 711; Isosweet 731; Isosweet 733; Isosweet 760 KRYSTAR® 300; Krystar® 300; KRYSTAR® 450; Krystar® 450; KRYSTAR® Liquid KRYSTAR® Powder; Mylose 220; Mylose 251; Neotame; Rhamnose Rice Trin® 35 Organic; Staleydex® 333; Sucrosweet 210; Sucrosweet 311; Sunett® Food A Sweet'n'Neat® 65; Talin®; Tapioca syrup sweetener, beverages fermentation processes Staleydex® 95 sweetener, blended whiskey Caramel sweetener, breads 62/43 Corn Syrup; Dri-Mol® 60; Raisin juice concentrate sweetener, breading mixes Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 sweetener, breakfast foods Equal® sweetener, brewing Clearsweet® 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup; Invert sugar; Satin Sweet® 55% Maltose Corn Syrup sweetener, bulk: diabetic prods. Lacty® M Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sweetener, bulk: reduced-calorie prods. Lacty® M sweetener, cake mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01938; Sorbogem™ sweetener, cakes De-Mol® Dry Molasses Powder; Fructose; Maltisweet™ M95; Maltisweet™ M95 sweetener, caloric: cakes Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: chewing gum Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: cookies Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: cream centers Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: dried fruit Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: fillings Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: food Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: frozen desserts Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: fruit flavors Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: fudge Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: gummi candies Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: hard candy Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: health bars Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: jams Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: jellies Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: pancake syrups Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: sauces Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: soft confectionery Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, caloric: sports beverages Maltisweet™ 3145 sweetener, candy Bionature® Light Amber Liquid Honey; Caramel; 42/43 Corn Syrup; Erythritol; FloMalt® Isoeugenyl ethyl ether; Molasses (Saccharum officinarum); Solid Invert

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Sugar; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000 Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000; Tapioca syrup sweetener, candy bars Mylose 651; Mylose 661; Mylose 671 sweetener, canned fruit juices Invert sugar syrup sweetener, canned fruits Fructose; Invert sugar syrup; Isosweet 513 sweetener, canned meat prods. Caramel sweetener, canned peas Invert sugar syrup sweetener, canned vegetables Isosweet 513 sweetener, canning ADM Clintose® A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF ADM Clintose F; Special Liquid Invert Sugar sweetener, caramel Maltisweet™ B; Maltisweet™ MH65 sweetener, caramel colors ADM Clintose® Dextrose Greens sweetener, caramel corn CNP BRSMC10; CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35; CNP BRSMC35CL sweetener, carbonated beverages Isosweet 041; Isosweet 111; Isosweet 311; Isosweet 5500; Splenda® sweetener, carbonated drinks CornSweet® 55 sweetener, catsup CNP BRSHG40 sweetener, cereals CNP BRSHG40; CNP BRSMC10; CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35; CNP BRSMC35CL Flo-Malt®; Fructofin® C; Fructose; Maltisorb® 75/75; Neotame Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Splenda®; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder sweetener, chewable vitamin tablets Ammonium saccharin sweetener, chewing gum Ammonium saccharin; Cargill Dry GL™ 01938; Clearsweet® 43/44.5; Clearsweet® 43/45; Clearsweet® 43/45 IX

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Erythritol; Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC; Mannogem™; Mylose 471 Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone; Neotame; Rhamnose; Splenda®; Staleydex® 333 Sunett® Food D sweetener, chewy caramels Mylose 451; Mylose 461; Mylose 471; Mylose 651; Mylose 661 Mylose 671 sweetener, chocolate Erythritol; Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC; Mannogem™ sweetener, citrus flavors Talin® sweetener, coffee creamers Glucodry 210; Glucodry 310; Glucodry 350; Mylose 120; Mylose 150 Mylose 151; Mylose 220; Mylose 251 sweetener, coffee drinks Isosweet 111 sweetener, colas Caramel sweetener, cold beverages Equal®; NutraSweet® sweetener, compd. coatings Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 sweetener, confectionery ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF; Cargill Dry GL™ 01938 Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; Clearsweet® 43/43; Clearsweet® 43/43 IX; Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 43/44 IX DEXSTAR™ Agglomerated Dextrose; Finlac™ DC; Fructofin® C; Glucodry 210; Glucodry 310 Glucodry 350; Glucodry 430; Glucomalt 151; Glucomalt 161; Glucomalt 351 Glucomalt 361; Glucomalt 371; Glucomalt 451; Glucomalt 461; Glucomalt 551 Glucomalt 561; Glucomalt 571; Glucomalt 661; Glucomalt 760; Glucomalt 771 Glucoplus 161; Glucoplus 163; Glucoplus 173; Glucoplus 331; Glucoplus 351 Glucoplus 361; Glucoplus 371; Glucoplus 561; Glucoplus 571; Glucose, liquid Glucosweet 261; Glucosweet 341; Glucosweet 361; Glucosweet 371; Glucosweet 451

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Glucosweet 461; Glucosweet 471; Glucosweet 481; Glycyrrhizic acid; Hystar® 5885 Invert sugar; Isosweet 111; Isosweet 490; Isosweet 660; KRYSTAR® 300 KRYSTAR® 450; KRYSTAR® Liquid; KRYSTAR® Powder; Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC Lycasin®; Lycasin® HBC; Maltisweet™ 6580; Maltisweet™ 6585; Maltisweet™ B Maltisweet™ M95; Mannogem™; Meritose 100; Mylose 658; Neotame Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Rhamnose; Rice*Trin® 35; Rice Trin® 35 Organic; Satin Sweet® 55% Maltose Corn Syrup Satin Sweet® 65% Maltose Corn Syrup; Satin Sweet® 70% Maltose Corn Syrup; Sorbogem™; Splenda®; Stabilite™ 1 Stabilite™ SD30; Stabilite™ SD60; Staleydex® 333; Sunett® Food A; Xylitol CFP sweetener, controlled-moisture foods Hystar® 3375; Hystar® HM-75 sweetener, cookies CNP BRSMC10; CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35; CNP BRSMC35CL sweetener, cough drops CNP BRSHM sweetener, cream Cream Enhancer - 1, Natural sweetener, cream fillings Mylose 451; Mylose 471; Mylose 651; Mylose 671 sweetener, dairy desserts Isosweet 411; Isosweet 413; Isosweet 431; Isosweet 433; Sucrosweet 210 Sucrosweet 311 sweetener, dairy prods. Bionature® Light Amber Liquid Honey; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 45DE High Maltose; Flo-Malt®; Fructamyl 50A; Fructamyl 211 Fructofin® C; Glucodry 310; Glucodry 350; Glucodry 380; Glucosweet 431 Glucosweet 461; Glucosweet 611; Glucosweet 711; Glucosweet 731; Glucosweet 931 Isosweet 031; Isosweet 041; Isosweet 111; Isosweet 311; Isosweet 331 Isosweet 460; KRYSTAR® 300; Krystar® 300; KRYSTAR® 450; Krystar® 450 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

KRYSTAR® Liquid; KRYSTAR® Powder; Rhamnose; Satin Sweet® 55% Maltose Corn Syrup; Splenda® Sunett® Food A; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 sweetener, delicate flavored foods CornSweet® 42 sweetener, desserts CNP BRSMC10; CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35; De-Mol® Molasses Flake; DriMol® Dri-Mol® 604; Fructofin® C sweetener, diabetic foods Amalty®; C*Maltidex CH 16385; C*Maltidex L 16303; C*Maltidex M 16311; C*PharmIsoMaltidex 16540 Fructose; D(+)-Xylose sweetener, dietetic foods Fructose; Xylitol CFP sweetener, dressings Glucodry 430; Glucosweet 431; Glucosweet 611; Glucosweet 711; Glucosweet 731 Glucosweet 931; Staleydex® 333 sweetener, drink mixes Ammonium saccharin sweetener, dry beverage mixes Brown rice syrup solids; Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 sweetener, dry mixes ADM Clintose® A; ADM Clintose F; Glucodry 210; Glucodry 310; Glucodry 350 Maltisorb® 75/75 sweetener, dry-roasted nuts Sorbogem™ sweetener, dry-technology food applics. Sweet'N'Neat® 7000 Dry Malt Flakes; Sweet'N'Neat® Dry Raisin Flakes sweetener, energy drinks Isosweet 311 sweetener, extruded bars Brown rice syrup solids; CNP BRSHM; CNP BRSHMCL; CNP BRSSHM; CNP BRSSHMCL sweetener, extruded confectionery Brown rice syrup solids; CNP BRSHM; CNP BRSHMCL; CNP BRSSHM; CNP BRSSHMCL sweetener, fermentation ADM Clintose® Dextrose Greens sweetener, fermentation: brewing Clearsweet® 99 Refined Liquid Dextrose 2563

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sweetener, fermentation prods. Clearsweet® 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup; Clearsweet® 99 Refined Liquid Dextrose; Glucomalt 151; Glucomalt 161; Glucomalt 351 Glucomalt 551; Glucomalt 561; Glucomalt 661; Glucomalt 710; Glucomalt 731 Glucomalt 760; Glucomalt 771; Glucoplus 331; Glucoplus 351; Glucoplus 361 Glucoplus 561; Isosweet 111; Mylose 120; Mylose 150; Mylose 151 Staleydex® 95 sweetener, fillings Sorbogem™ sweetener, flavor carriers CNP BRSHM sweetener, flavors Clearsweet® 63/43; Clearsweet® 63/44; Clearsweet® 63/44 Low SO2 sweetener, foams C*Maltidex CH 16385; C*Maltidex L 16303; C*Maltidex M 16311 sweetener, fondants 62/43 Corn Syrup; Mylose 451; Mylose 471; Mylose 651; Mylose 671 sweetener, food Aclame™; ADM Clintose® Dextrose A; ADM Clintose® Dextrose C; ADM Clintose® Dextrose F; ADM Clintose® Dextrose Greens ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF; ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids; Alitame; Bionature® Amber Liquid Honey; Bionature® Extra Light Amber Liquid Honey Bionature® Medium Liquid Molasses; Brown rice syrup; Brown rice syrup solids; Caramel; Clearsweet® 36/43 Clearsweet® 43/43; Clearsweet® 43/43 IX; Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 43/44 IX; Clearsweet® 63/43 Clearsweet® 63/44; Clearsweet® 63/44 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup; CNP BRSDE42CL; CNP OPPRSRDCL CNP ORSHG40; CNP ORSHM; CNP ORSHMCL; CNP ORSMC10; CNP ORSMC20 CNP ORSMC35; CNP ORSMC35CL; CNP ORSMC40; CNP PPRSRDCL; 42/43 Corn Syrup Corn syrup, high fructose; D-Xylose CL; DXylose CT; D-Xylose CTR; Dextrofin® Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Disodium glycyrrhizinate; Equal®; Finmalt L; Fructose; D-Glucose monohydrate Glycine; Glycyrrhizic acid; Honey; Invert sugar; Invert sugar syrup IsoClear® 42 High Fructose Corn Syrup; IsoClear® 55 High Fructose Corn Syrup; Isoeugenyl ethyl ether; Isosweet 100; Isosweet 180 Lactitol; Maltisweet™ B; Maltisweet™ M95; Maltose; Maltotriose NutraSweet®; Potassium saccharin; Raisin juice concentrate; Rhamnose; Rice syrup solids Satin Sweet® 55% Maltose Corn Syrup; Satin Sweet® 65% Maltose Corn Syrup; Satin Sweet® 70% Maltose Corn Syrup; Sorbifin®; Sorbitol Sol'n. High Mannitol Sorbogem™; Splenda®; Stabilite™ 1; Stabilite™ SD30; Stabilite™ SD60 Staley® 3370; Sucrose; Sunmalt™ S; Sweet'n'Neat® 50; Talin® Trehalose; Xylitol CG; D(+)-Xylose sweetener, food dry mixes Sunett® Food B; Sunett® Food C; Sunett® Food D sweetener, fountain syrups Clearsweet® 43/43; Clearsweet® 43/43 IX; Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 43/44 IX; 42/43 Corn Syrup sweetener, frostings Rhamnose; Rice*Complete® 35 sweetener, frozen dairy prods. BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 60DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 63DE; Glucodry 430; Maltisweet™ M95; Sta-Lite® 318 sweetener, frozen desserts Equal®; Neotame; Rice Trin® 35 Organic; Sorbogem™; Sta-Lite® 318 Tapioca syrup sweetener, frozen foods Bionature® Light Amber Liquid Honey; Fructose sweetener, fruit-based prods. Glucodry 430 sweetener, fruit drinks Isosweet 111; Special Liquid Invert Sugar sweetener, fruit fillings Star-Dri® 200 sweetener, fruit juices Aclame™

2564

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sweetener, fruit leathers Cargill Dry GL™ 01938 sweetener, fruit processing Glucose, liquid sweetener, fruit prods. Fructamyl 50A; Fructamyl 211; Glucomalt 760; Glucomalt 771; Glucosweet 341 Glucosweet 361; Glucosweet 371; Glucosweet 431; Glucosweet 461; Glucosweet 471 Glucosweet 481; Glucosweet 611; Glucosweet 680; Glucosweet 681; Glucosweet 711 Glucosweet 731; Glucosweet 761; Glucosweet 931; Isosweet 031; Isosweet 041 Isosweet 460; Isosweet 470; Isosweet 490; Isosweet 511; Isosweet 531 Isosweet 560; Isosweet 631; Isosweet 633; Isosweet 660; Isosweet 671 Isosweet 683; Isosweet 760; Krystar® 300; Krystar® 450; Lactitol AC Lactitol MC sweetener, fruits Staleydex® 95 sweetener, gingerbread De-Mol® Molasses Flake sweetener, granola CNP BRSHG40; CNP BRSMC10; CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35; CNP BRSMC35CL sweetener, granola bars Bionature® Light Amber Liquid Honey sweetener, gravies Staleydex® 333 sweetener, gums C*Maltidex CH 16385; C*Maltidex L 16303; C*Maltidex M 16311; Mylose 451; Mylose 461 Mylose 471; Mylose 651; Mylose 661; Mylose 671 sweetener, ham Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 sweetener, hard candy Brown rice syrup solids; Cargill Dry GL™ 01938; C*IsoMaltidex LQ; Clearsweet® 50% High Maltose; C*Maltidex CH 16385 C*Maltidex L 16303; C*Maltidex M 16311; CNP BRSHM; CNP BRSHMCL; CNP BRSSHM CNP BRSSHMCL; Maltisweet™ B; Maltisweet™ MH65 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sweetener, health foods Dri-Mol® Flake; Honi-Flake sweetener, high-boiling confectionery Mylose 451; Mylose 461; Mylose 471 sweetener, home-brew beer Brown rice syrup solids; CNP BRSHM; CNP BRSHMCL; CNP BRSSHM; CNP BRSSHMCL sweetener, hot beverages Equal®; NutraSweet® sweetener, ice cream Bionature® Light Amber Liquid Honey; C*Maltidex CH 16385; C*Maltidex L 16303; C*Maltidex M 16311; Corn syrup, high fructose Glucomalt 151; Glucomalt 161; Glucomalt 551; Glucoplus 361; Glucoplus 561 Glucosweet 251; Glucosweet 261; Glucosweet 371; Glucosweet 461; Isoeugenyl ethyl ether Isosweet 671; Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC; Molasses (Saccharum officinarum); Mylose 451 Mylose 461; Mylose 471; Mylose 651; Mylose 658; Mylose 661 Mylose 671; Neotame; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Rice Trin® 35 Organic; Satin Sweet® 65% Maltose Corn Syrup Satin Sweet® 70% Maltose Corn Syrup sweetener, ice tea Isosweet 111 sweetener, icing Sorbogem™ sweetener, infant food Cleardex® 25/42 EE Low SO2; Invert sugar sweetener, instant coffee Rhamnose sweetener, instant soups CNP BRSSHG40; CNP RSSHG40; CNP RSSHM sweetener, instant tea Rhamnose sweetener, invert sugar replacement CornSweet® 42 sweetener, jams Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; Clearsweet® 43/43; Clearsweet® 43/43 IX; Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2 Clearsweet® 43/44 IX; Clearsweet® 53/44; Clearsweet® 53/44 Low SO2; C*Maltidex CH 16385; C*Maltidex L 16303

2565

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference C*Maltidex M 16311; 42/43 Corn Syrup; Fructofin® C; Splenda®; Star-Dri® 200 sweetener, jellies Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; Clearsweet® 43/43; Clearsweet® 43/43 IX; Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2 Clearsweet® 43/44 IX; Clearsweet® 53/44; Clearsweet® 53/44 Low SO2; C*Maltidex CH 16385; C*Maltidex L 16303 C*Maltidex M 16311; 42/43 Corn Syrup; Mylose 451; Mylose 461; Mylose 471 Mylose 651; Mylose 661; Mylose 671 sweetener, licorice CNP BRSMC10; CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35; CNP BRSMC35CL sweetener, light prods. Maltisweet™ CM 40; Maltisweet™ CM 100 sweetener, low-calorie foods Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955; Lactitol; StaLite® 370; Sta-Lite® III Sta-Lite® III F sweetener, low-fat food Lactitol sweetener, marzipan Maltisorb® 75/75 sweetener, meal replacements Fructofin® C sweetener, meat Bionature® Light Amber Liquid Honey; Glucodry 430; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000 Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 sweetener, meat prods. Cargill Dry GL™ 01920; Rhamnose sweetener, mild Staley® 200-26/42; Staley® 300-36/42 sweetener, mild: baked goods Ascend™ Trehalose sweetener, mild: beverages Ascend™ Trehalose sweetener, mild: confectionery Ascend™ Trehalose sweetener, mild: desserts Ascend™ Trehalose sweetener, mild: frozen fish Ascend™ Trehalose sweetener, mild: frozen foods Ascend™ Trehalose sweetener, mild: fruit preparations Ascend™ Trehalose sweetener, mild: ice cream Ascend™ Trehalose Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sweetener, mild: surimi Ascend™ Trehalose sweetener, mild: tablets Ascend™ Trehalose sweetener, milk prods. Invert sugar syrup; Maltisorb® 75/75 sweetener, mixes De-Mol® Molasses Flake; Dri-Mol®; DriMol® 604; Flo-Malt®; Honi-Bake® Honi-Bake® 705; Sweet'n'Neat® 65; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder sweetener, muffins Maltisweet™ M95 sweetener, natural foods N-Acetylglucosamine; L-Arabinose; Beneo™ ST; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000 sweetener, nectars Isosweet 111 sweetener, noncariogenic: food C*Sorbidex C 16121; C*Sorbidex C 16122 sweetener, nonnutritive: alcoholic beverages Acesulfame potassium sweetener, nonnutritive: baked goods Acesulfame potassium; Calcium saccharin; Saccharin sweetener, nonnutritive: beverage dry bases Acesulfame potassium sweetener, nonnutritive: beverages Calcium saccharin; Saccharin; Sucralose sweetener, nonnutritive: candy Stevioside sweetener, nonnutritive: chewable vitamin tablets Calcium saccharin; Saccharin sweetener, nonnutritive: chewing gum Acesulfame potassium; Calcium saccharin; Saccharin; Stevioside; Thaumatin sweetener, nonnutritive: confectionery Acesulfame potassium sweetener, nonnutritive: dairy prods. Acesulfame potassium; Thaumatin sweetener, nonnutritive: desserts Acesulfame potassium sweetener, nonnutritive: drink mixes Calcium saccharin; Saccharin sweetener, nonnutritive: food Acesulfame potassium; Cyclamic acid; Sodium cyclamate; Thaumatin sweetener, nonnutritive: gelatin Acesulfame potassium 2566

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sweetener, nonnutritive: instant coffee Acesulfame potassium sweetener, nonnutritive: instant tea Acesulfame potassium sweetener, nonnutritive: pet foods Thaumatin sweetener, nonnutritive: processed foods Calcium saccharin; Saccharin; Sucralose sweetener, nonnutritive: puddings Acesulfame potassium sweetener, nonnutritive: savory flavors Thaumatin sweetener, nonnutritive: soft drinks Stevioside sweetener, nonnutritive: sugar substitutes Acesulfame potassium sweetener, nonnutritive: yogurt Acesulfame potassium sweetener, nougats 62/43 Corn Syrup sweetener, nut blends Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 sweetener, nut coatings Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 sweetener, nutritional bars Maltisweet™ B; Maltisweet™ M95 sweetener, nutritional beverages Rice*Complete® 35; Rice*Trin® 35 sweetener, nutritive Corn Syrup 97/71; Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC sweetener, nutritive: baked goods Glucose; Lactose sweetener, nutritive: beer Corn syrup sweetener, nutritive: beverages Corn syrup sweetener, nutritive: brewing Glucose sweetener, nutritive bulk: chewing gum C*Eridex sweetener, nutritive bulk: fondant C*Eridex sweetener, nutritive bulk: low-calorie beverages C*Eridex sweetener, nutritive bulk: zero-calorie beverages C*Eridex sweetener, nutritive: butter Lactose sweetener, nutritive: candy Isomalt Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sweetener, nutritive: canning Glucose sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: baked goods Corn Syrup 62/43; Corn Syrup 62/44 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: candy Corn Syrup 42/43 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: cough drops Corn Syrup 36/43 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: fondants Corn Syrup 62/43; Corn Syrup 62/44 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: fountain syrups Corn Syrup 42/43 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: gum drops Corn Syrup 52/43 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: hard candy Corn Syrup 36/43 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: ice cream Corn Syrup 36/43 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: jams Corn Syrup 42/43 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: jellies Corn Syrup 42/43 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: marshmallows Corn Syrup 52/43 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: nougats Corn Syrup 52/43; Corn Syrup 62/43; Corn Syrup 62/44 sweetener, nutritive carbohydrate: table syrups Corn Syrup 42/43 sweetener, nutritive: chewing gum Isomalt sweetener, nutritive: chocolate flavors Malt extract sweetener, nutritive: confectionery Glucose; Isomalt; Lactose sweetener, nutritive: cured meat Malt extract sweetener, nutritive: desserts Isomalt sweetener, nutritive: food Corn syrup; Glucose; Isomalt; Lactitol monohydrate; Lactose Malt extract; Maltitol; D-Mannitol; Sorbitol; Sorbo® Xylitab® 100; Xylitab® 200; Xylitab® 300 sweetener, nutritive: infant food Lactose 2567

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sweetener, nutritive: low-calorie bakery pie fillings Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 sweetener, nutritive: margarine Lactose sweetener, nutritive: poultry Malt extract sweetener, nutritive: soft drinks Corn syrup; Isomalt sweetener, nutritive: sugar-free fruit preps. Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 sweetener, nutritive: vanilla flavors Malt extract sweetener, nutritive: wine-making Glucose sweetener, organic foods Rice Trin® 35 Organic sweetener, organic infant rehydration formulas Rice Trin® 35 Organic sweetener, pan coatings Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 sweetener, pastilles C*Maltidex CH 16385; C*Maltidex L 16303; C*Maltidex M 16311 sweetener, pastries Maltisweet™ M95 sweetener, peanut butter Bionature® Light Amber Liquid Honey sweetener, pet foods Caramel sweetener, pickles Clearsweet® 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup sweetener, pie fillings Maltisweet™ M95 sweetener, poultry prods. Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 4000; Sweet'n'Neat® 5000 sweetener, powder juices Fructose sweetener, prepared foods DL-Alanine; Glucose, liquid; Glucosweet 431; Glucosweet 611; Glucosweet 711 Glucosweet 731; Glucosweet 931; Isosweet 631; Isosweet 660; Isosweet 731 Isosweet 733; Isosweet 760; KRYSTAR® 300; KRYSTAR® 450; KRYSTAR® Liquid KRYSTAR® Powder; Staleydex® 130 sweetener, preserves Caramel; Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; Clearsweet® 53/44; Clearsweet® 53/44 Low SO2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fructofin® C sweetener, processed foods Amalty®; Ammonium saccharin; CornSweet® 55; Isosweet 5500 sweetener, processed fruits Isosweet 411; Isosweet 413; Mylose 451; Mylose 461; Mylose 471 Mylose 651; Mylose 658; Mylose 661; Mylose 671 sweetener, protein beverages Rice syrup solids sweetener, puddings Equal®; Rice Trin® 35 Organic sweetener, reduced calorie beverages Cornsweet® 90 sweetener, reduced calorie dressings Cornsweet® 90 sweetener, reduced-calorie foods Cornsweet® 90; Maltisweet™ CM 40; Maltisweet™ CM 100; Sta-Lite® 370; StaLite® III Sta-Lite® III F sweetener, reduced-calorie jellies Cornsweet® 90 sweetener, reduced-fat foods Sunmalt™ S sweetener, rendered fats Glycine sweetener replacement, low-calorie foods Sta-Lite® III WS sweetener replacement, reduced-calorie foods Sta-Lite® III WS sweetener, rolls 62/43 Corn Syrup sweetener, root beer Caramel sweetener, sachets Sunett® Food C; Sunett® Food D sweetener, sauce mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 sweetener, sauces Amalty®; Bionature® Light Amber Liquid Honey; CNP BRSHG40; Glucodry 430; Glucosweet 431 Glucosweet 461; Glucosweet 611; Glucosweet 711; Glucosweet 731; Glucosweet 931 Honi-Bake®; Honi-Bake® 705; KRYSTAR® 300; KRYSTAR® 450; KRYSTAR® Liquid

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference KRYSTAR® Powder; Rice Trin® 35 Organic; Staleydex® 333; Sucrosweet 210; Sucrosweet 311 Sweet'n'Neat® 65; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000; Sweet'n'Neat® 3000 sweetener, sausages Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 sweetener, savory batters Sunmalt™ S sweetener, savory sauces Isosweet 513; Isosweet 533; Isosweet 731 sweetener, seasoning blends DEXSTAR™ Agglomerated Dextrose sweetener, seasonings Cargill Dry GL™ 01920; Cargill Dry GL™ 01938 sweetener, snack foods Honi-Bake®; Honi-Bake® 705; KRYSTAR® 300; KRYSTAR® 450; KRYSTAR® Liquid KRYSTAR® Powder; Maltisorb® 75/75; Meritose 100; Meritose 200; Meritose 300 Rhamnose; Rice*Trin® 35; Staleydex® 333; Star-Dri® 180; Sweet'n'Neat® 2000 Sweet'n'Neat® 3000; Sweet'n'Neat® Dry Raisin Powder sweetener, soft candy C*Maltidex CH 16385; C*Maltidex L 16303; C*Maltidex M 16311; Finmalt L; Rhamnose sweetener, soft confectionery CNP BRSMC10; CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35; CNP BRSMC35CL; Maltisweet™ B sweetener, soft cookies Maltisweet™ M95 sweetener, soft drinks Caramel; Equal®; Glucose, liquid; Invert sugar syrup; Special Liquid Invert Sugar sweetener, soup mixes Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 sweetener, soups Glucodry 430; Glucosweet 431; Glucosweet 611; Glucosweet 711; Glucosweet 731 Glucosweet 931; Staleydex® 333 sweetener, soy-based prods. Brown rice syrup; CNP BRSHG40; CNP BRSMC10; CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35 CNP BRSMC35CL; CNP BRSSHG40; CNP RSSHG40; CNP RSSHM; Rice syrup sweetener, special dietary food Ammonium saccharin

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sweetener, spices Amalty®; Cargill Dry GL™ 01920; Cargill Dry GL™ 01938 sweetener, sports drinks Isosweet 311 sweetener, sports nutrition Fructofin® C sweetener, spray dried prods. Mylose 220; Mylose 251 sweetener, spreads Maltisweet™ M95 sweetener, still beverages Isosweet 5500; Splenda® sweetener, still drinks CornSweet® 55 sweetener substitute, sucrose: baking prods. BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 45DE High Maltose sweetener substitute, sucrose: dairy prods. BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 45DE High Maltose sweetener, sucrose replacement CornSweet® 42 sweetener, sugar-free candies C*PharmIsoMaltidex 16540 sweetener, sugar-free caramels Stabilite™ 1; Stabilite™ SD30; Stabilite™ SD60 sweetener, sugar-free chewing gum Xylitol CFP sweetener, sugar free confectioneries Amalty® sweetener, sugar-free foods C*Maltidex CH 16385; C*Maltidex L 16303; C*Maltidex M 16311; Lactitol; Maltisweet™ CM 40 Maltisweet™ CM 100; Maltisweet™ M95; Sorbitol Sol'n. Noncrystallizing sweetener, sugar-free hard candy Stabilite™ 1; Stabilite™ SD30; Stabilite™ SD60 sweetener, sugar-free/hard candy Maltisweet™ MH80 sweetener, sugarless confectionery Hystar® 3375; Hystar® HM-75 sweetener, sugar substitutes Rhamnose sweetener, surimi Sorbogem™ sweetener, sweet breads Maltisweet™ M95

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference sweetener, synthetic: beverages Syncal® CaS; Syncal® GS; Syncal® GSD; Syncal® S; Syncal® SDI Syncal® SDS sweetener, synthetic: dietetic foods Syncal® CaS; Syncal® GS; Syncal® GSD; Syncal® S; Syncal® SDI Syncal® SDS sweetener, synthetic: snack foods Syncal® CaS; Syncal® GS; Syncal® GSD; Syncal® S; Syncal® SDI Syncal® SDS sweetener, synthetic: tobacco Syncal® GS; Syncal® GSD; Syncal® SDI; Syncal® SDS sweetener, syrups Caramel; Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; Rice Trin® 35 Organic sweetener, table sweeteners Sunett® Food A sweetener, table syrups Clearsweet® 43/43; Clearsweet® 43/43 IX; Clearsweet® 43/43 Low SO2; Clearsweet® 43/44 IX; CNP BRSMC10 CNP BRSMC20; CNP BRSMC35; CNP BRSMC35CL; 42/43 Corn Syrup; Satin Sweet® 65% Maltose Corn Syrup Satin Sweet® 70% Maltose Corn Syrup; Tapioca syrup sweetener, table-top C*Eridex; Lactitol AC; Lactitol MC; Neotame; Sunett® Food C Sunett® Food D sweetener, tablets Maltisorb® 75/75 sweetener, taffy Maltisweet™ B sweetener, toppings Cargill Dry GL™ 01944; Cargill Dry GL™ 01946; Rice Trin® 35 Organic sweetener, variety breads Dri-Mol®; Honi-Bake® sweetener, vegetables Staleydex® 95 sweetener, vitamin supplements Amalty® sweetener, wine Clearsweet® 95% Dextrose Corn Syrup sweetener, yeast-raised doughnuts Maltisweet™ M95

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

sweetener, yogurt Equal®; Isosweet 111; Neotame; Rice Trin® 35 Organic sweetness control agent, beverages Globe® Corn Syrup Solids sweetness control agent, food Globe® Corn Syrup Solids sweetness enhancer, artificial sweetener systems Magnasweet® sweetness enhancer, baked goods Apple fiber; Ammonium glycyrrhizinate sweetness enhancer, beverages Ammonium glycyrrhizinate sweetness enhancer, candy Ammonium glycyrrhizinate sweetness enhancer, food Ammonium glycyrrhizinate sweetness enhancer, tomato prods. Apple fiber sweetness reducer Sunmalt sweetness reducer, food Sunmalt™ S sweetness reducer, reduced-fat prods. Sunmalt™ S sweetness reducer, savory batters Sunmalt™ S sweetness regulator, dry mixes Maltrin® M510 sweetness regulator, food Maltrin® M510; Maltrin® QD M500; PureDent® B810 NF syneresis control agent Avicel® RC-501; Avicel® RC-591F syneresis control agent, bakery emulsions GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA syneresis control agent, beef patties Citri-Fi® 100 M40 syneresis control agent, beverages Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 syneresis control agent, cake mixes GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM syneresis control agent, cakes Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® 2570

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 syneresis control agent, cole slaw dressings GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM syneresis control agent, cooked meat prods. Ceamgel M-9393 syneresis control agent, custards Stamere® CK NF FCC syneresis control agent, dairy prods. Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 syneresis control agent, dairy whipped toppings AeroWhip® Foam Stabilizer syneresis control agent, dressings Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225; UltraGuar™ syneresis control agent, dry bakery blends Kelgum® GFS syneresis control agent, food Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 syneresis control agent, fruit beverages GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM syneresis control agent, fruit fillings GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM syneresis control agent, fruit preps. GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA syneresis control agent, gravies UltraGuar™ syneresis control agent, ice cream Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

syneresis control agent, instant beverages UltraGuar™ syneresis control agent, instant soups GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200 syneresis control agent, instants soups GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM syneresis control agent, milk-cooked dry mixes CarraVis™ 60CL syneresis control agent, milk gels Stamere® NK syneresis control agent, milk puddings Stamere® CK NF FCC syneresis control agent, nondairy whipped toppings AeroWhip® Foam Stabilizer syneresis control agent, pickle relishes GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA syneresis control agent, pie fillings CarraVis™ 80B syneresis control agent, pies Stamere® CK NF FCC syneresis control agent, puddings CarraVis™ 80B syneresis control agent, relishes GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM syneresis control agent, salad dressings GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM syneresis control agent, sauces GRINDSTED®Xanthan 80; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA; GRINDSTED®Xanthan SM; UltraGuar™ syneresis control agent, seafood prods. Ceamgel M-9393 syneresis control agent, soups UltraGuar™ syneresis control agent, syrups GRINDSTED®Xanthan CLEAR SUPRA syneresis control agent, whipped toppings Gelcarin® GP-379NF syneresis inhibitor Benecel® M 043; Meyprogen®-MP® syneresis inhibitor, aq. food systems Purity® HPC

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference syneresis inhibitor, bakery fruit fillings Grindsted™ LBG syneresis inhibitor, bottled pickles Purity® HPC syneresis inhibitor, cakes Benecel® MP 843 syneresis inhibitor, cheese spreads Supercol® GF; Supercol® U syneresis inhibitor, diet jelly Benecel® MP 843 syneresis inhibitor, doughnuts Benecel® MP 843 syneresis inhibitor, dressings Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581; Protanal Ester SD-H syneresis inhibitor, food Benecel® MP 843 syneresis inhibitor, freeze-thaw cycle/refrigerated prods. Thermshear syneresis inhibitor, frostings Benecel® MP 843 syneresis inhibitor, frozen desserts Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581 syneresis inhibitor, fruit fillings Purity® HPC syneresis inhibitor, high acid food Purity® HPC syneresis inhibitor, mayonnaise Protanal Ester SD-H syneresis inhibitor, mousses Benecel® MP 843 syneresis inhibitor, pie fillings Aqualon® 7H0F; Aqualon® 7H3SF; Benecel® MP 874; TIC Pretested® Colloid 787 Powder syneresis inhibitor, processed meat Akucell® AF 3295 syneresis inhibitor, puddings Aqualon® 7H3SXF; Aqualon® 7HF; Coyote Stabilizer KS-Flan; Coyote Stabilizer KSP1; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770 Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970; Sucrose stearate syneresis inhibitor, relishes Purity® HPC syneresis inhibitor, retorted prods. Purity® HPC syneresis inhibitor, ricotta cheese Merecol® R; Merecol® RB; Merecol® RCS syneresis inhibitor, sauces Purity® HPC

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

syneresis inhibitor, smoothies Citri-Fi® 100 FG syneresis inhibitor, soups Purity® HPC syneresis inhibitor, syrups Benecel® MP 843 syneresis inhibitor, whipped toppings Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581 syneresis reducer, desserts Akucell® AF 3295 synergist SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40; SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 Thermal Select 75%/80%/85% (FG) synergist, α-tocopherol: beverages Ascorbyl palmitate synergist, α-tocopherol: bread Ascorbyl palmitate synergist, α-tocopherol: food Ascorbyl palmitate synergist, α-tocopherol: lemon drinks Ascorbyl palmitate synergist, α-tocopherol: margarine Ascorbyl palmitate synergist, α-tocopherol: processed meats Ascorbyl palmitate synergist, α-tocopherol: rolls Ascorbyl palmitate synergist, α-tocopherol: shortening Ascorbyl palmitate synergist, antioxidants Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Citric acid monohydrate synergist, antioxidants: baked goods Calcium phosphate dibasic; L-Tartaric acid synergist, antioxidants: baking powder Potassium sodium tartrate; L-Tartaric acid synergist, antioxidants: bread doughs Phosphoric acid synergist, antioxidants: cake flour Phosphoric acid synergist, antioxidants: candy N-Hydroxysuccinic acid synergist, antioxidants: caramel Phosphoric acid synergist, antioxidants: cereal prods. Calcium phosphate dibasic synergist, antioxidants: cheeses Potassium sodium tartrate; Sodium tartrate synergist, antioxidants: chewing gum N-Hydroxysuccinic acid

2572

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference synergist, antioxidants: coffee whiteners Disodium citrate synergist, antioxidants: cola beverages Phosphoric acid synergist, antioxidants: confectionery Potassium lactate synergist, antioxidants: cream of tartar L-Tartaric acid synergist, antioxidants: cultured buttermilk Disodium citrate synergist, antioxidants: cured meat prods. Disodium citrate synergist, antioxidants: dessert gels Calcium phosphate dibasic synergist, antioxidants: dried meat Isopropyl citrate synergist, antioxidants: dry mix beverages N-Hydroxysuccinic acid synergist, antioxidants: effervescent beverages L-Tartaric acid synergist, antioxidants: evaporated milk Disodium citrate synergist, antioxidants: fats N-Hydroxysuccinic acid synergist, antioxidants: fats/oils Sodium tartrate synergist, antioxidants: food Calcium citrate; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Disodium citrate; NHydroxysuccinic acid; Isopropyl citrate Phosphoric acid; Potassium lactate; Potassium phosphate tribasic; Potassium sodium tartrate; Sodium lactate Sodium tartrate; L-Tartaric acid synergist, antioxidants: fruits N-Hydroxysuccinic acid synergist, antioxidants: gelatin N-Hydroxysuccinic acid synergist, antioxidants: gelatin desserts L-Tartaric acid synergist, antioxidants: jams Potassium lactate; Potassium sodium tartrate; Sodium tartrate synergist, antioxidants: jams/jellies N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Phosphoric acid synergist, antioxidants: jellies Potassium lactate; Potassium sodium tartrate; Sodium tartrate synergist, antioxidants: lard N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Isopropyl citrate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

synergist, antioxidants: margarine Disodium citrate; Potassium lactate synergist, antioxidants: marmalades Potassium lactate synergist, antioxidants: nonalcoholic beverages N-Hydroxysuccinic acid synergist, antioxidants: oleomargarine Isopropyl citrate synergist, antioxidants: pork Disodium citrate synergist, antioxidants: poultry Disodium citrate synergist, antioxidants: poultry fats Isopropyl citrate synergist, antioxidants: puddings N-Hydroxysuccinic acid synergist, antioxidants: sausages Isopropyl citrate synergist, antioxidants: shortening N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; Isopropyl citrate synergist, antioxidants: sugar refining Phosphoric acid synergist, antioxidant: wine N-Hydroxysuccinic acid synergist, cream Soda Phos (FG) synergist, eggs Soda Phos (FG) synergist, enzymes Novamyl™ 1500 MG synergist, fat/oil antioxidants Monoglyceride citrate synergist, flavors Novation® Prima 300; Novation® Prima 600 synergist, food Calcium chloride; Calcium sulfate; Copper gluconate (ic); Magnesium carbonate hydroxide; Monosodium tartrate synergist, fungal α-amylase Novamyl™ 1500 MG synergist, half & half Soda Phos (FG) synergist, ice cream Soda Phos (FG) synergist, leavening agents Expandex™ Modified Starch synergist, lipase Novamyl™ 1500 MG synergist, meat Soda Phos (FG)

2573

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference synergist, poultry Soda Phos (FG) synergist, preservative: food Disodium EDTA synergist, processed cheeses Soda Phos (FG) synergist, seafood Soda Phos (FG) synergist, starch: cling improvement Benecel® M 042 synergist, starch making TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 875 synergist, table syrups Soda Phos (FG) synergist, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) synergist, vegetables Soda Phos (FG) synergist, whey Soda Phos (FG) synergist, xylanase Novamyl™ 1500 MG tableting aid, extending food prods. Vivapur® 102 tableting aid, food Tab Tex tackifier, baked goods N-Tack® tackifier, cereals N-Tack® tackifier, confectionery TIC Pretested® Aragum® 1067-T SS Powder tackifier, crackers N-Tack® tackifier, flavors N-Tack® tackifier, pretzels N-Tack® tackifier, reduced-fat snacks N-Tack® tackifier, seasonings N-Tack® tackifier, snack particulates N-Tack® tackiness reducer, chewing gum Solec™ F taste control agent Chlorine dioxide taste control agent, bottled drinking water treatment Ozone Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

taste control agent, food processing Carbon, activated taste improver, bakery prods. Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K taste improver, canned meats Gempolym taste improver, coffee whiteners Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K taste improver, extruded prods. Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K taste improver, fish dishes Gempolym taste improver, margarine Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K taste improver, peanut butter Panalite® 90-80 K; Panalite® 90-130 K; Panalite® 90D K taste improver, sake Choline phosphate taste improver, sausages Gempolym taste improver, vegetable dishes Gempolym tenderizer Ficin tenderizer, baked goods Brosoft; Bro-Spice tenderizer, bakery mixes Midsol™ 1 tenderizer, barbecued chicken Kena® FP-28 tenderizer, cake doughnuts C-D Stabilizer tenderizer, chicken rolls Kena® FP-28 tenderizer, convenience foods Kena® FP-28 tenderizer, cooked boned chicken meat Kena® FP-28 tenderizer, cooked ham Alomine 223 tenderizer, food Protease; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins tenderizer, health foods Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins tenderizer, injected prods. Alomine 223

2574

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference tenderizer, meat Bromelain; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Papain; Papain Concentrate; Protex 50FP tenderizer, poultry Kena® FP-28 tenderizer, poultry prods. Alomine 223 tenderizer, precooked breaded parts Kena® FP-28 tenderizer, raw frozen items Kena® FP-28 tenderizer, turkey rolls Kena® FP-28 texture control agent, frostings Aqualon® 7H3SXF texture control agent, frozen dairy prods. BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 60DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 63DE; TIC Pretested® CMC 2500 S texture control agent, icings Aqualon® 7H3SXF texture improver Meyprogen®-MP®; NETO® 7350-50/43; Proflex texture improver, bakery prods. Instant X-Pand'R® texture improver, convenience foods Textrion PROGEL 800 texture improver, dry mix cakes Benecel® MP 643 texture improver, meat Aquagel MP™ texture improver, snack foods Instant X-Pand'R® texture modifier, beverages Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 texture modifier, cakes Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 texture modifier, dairy prods. Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texture modifier, dressings Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 texture modifier, food Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 texture modifier, ice cream Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225 texturizer Benecel® MP 824; BFP 74K; Calcium disodium EDTA; Ceamgel 3383; Citric Acid FCC Fine Granular Citric Acid FCC Granular; Citric Acid FCC Powder; Curafos® 11-2; Fibrex®; Guar Gum Food Grade 40N Guar Gum Food Grade 55I; Guar Gum Food Grade 150FC; Guar Gum Food Grade 160FC; Guar Gum Food Grade 225F; Guar Gum Food Grade 260F Guar Gum Food Grade 270F; Guar Gum Food Grade 4000FC; Guar Gum Food Grade 4500F; Guar Gum Food Grade DP80; Guar Gum Food Grade HV400F Merecol® GL; Merecol® GX; Papain; Purity® 5; Purity® 825 SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40; SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1 Sucrose texturizer, acid applics.: cooking/baking Instant Clearjel® texturizer, acidic foods Mira-Thik® 469; National® 465 texturizer, acidic sauces Frigex®-W texturizer, acidic systems Hi-Jel™ S texturizer, adhesion systems Kelcogel® F texturizer, angel food cake mixes Pentasodium triphosphate texturizer, animal feed Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous 2575

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, apples Sucrose fatty acid esters texturizer, apple sauce Redi-Tex® texturizer, apricot purees Redi-Tex® texturizer, aq. foods Novation® 1600 texturizer, aq. food systems Purity® HPC texturizer, aseptically processed canned foods Frigex®-W; Thermtex® texturizer, aseptically processed foods National® 465 texturizer, aseptic puddings Novation® 2300; Novation® 8300; Novation® 9230; Novation® Prima 600 texturizer, Asian foods Purity® 90 texturizer, aspics Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F texturizer, baby foods C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06218; C*Tex 06219; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 Textaid®-A texturizer, baked cereals Ultra-Crisp™ CS texturizer, baked goods Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Advanta-GEL™ P75; Aldosperse® MS-20 KFG; Amaranthus cruentus; Apple fiber Baka-Snak®; Bromelain; Calcium acetate; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770 Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; CrystaLean® Extram® H; Glyceryl stearate; Goldex® II; Hodag® S-35 K; Lactic acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids Lactose; Litesse®; Maltrin® M040; Midsol™ 4; National® 5730 N-Flate™; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Novelose® 330; Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Polydextrose; Rice*Complete® 3; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Sorbogem™

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sucrose fatty acid esters; Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate; Tapioca syrup Ultra-Tex® 3 texturizer, baked puffed foods National® 5730 texturizer, baked snacks Baka-Snak®; Ultra-Crisp™ CS texturizer, bakery applics. Ultra-Tex® 2 texturizer, bakery cream fillings Ultra-Tex® 1 texturizer, bakery fillings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Crystal Tex™ 648; Grindsted™ PECTIN MRS 351; Kelcogel®; Mira-Gel® 463 Purity® D; Vis*Quick® 11 texturizer, bakery fillings/icings Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum texturizer, bakery fruit fillings Grindsted™ PECTIN CF 120; Grindsted™ PECTIN CF 140 B texturizer, bakery icings Vis*Quick® 11 texturizer, bakery mixes Midsol™ 46 texturizer, bakery prods. BarFlex® 171; CFI-10; Corn (Zea mays) oil; C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex 06205 C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06219; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606 Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Merigel 100 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200 Meritena 290; Meritose 100; Meritose 200; Meritose 300; Protector Gelatin Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets; XPand'R® 612 texturizer, bakery prods.: fruit pie fillings Clearjel® texturizer, bakery/snack glazes Crystal Tex™ 648 texturizer, baking mixes Polydextrose; Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate texturizer, baking powder Potassium phosphate texturizer, baking-stable fruit fillings C*Tex 06204 texturizer, bananas Sucrose fatty acid esters 2576

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, barbecued chicken Kena® FP-28 texturizer, barbecue sauces National® 1333 texturizer, bars BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 42DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 42DE texturizer, battered foods Crispcoat™ UC; National® 0280; National® 814 texturizer, batter mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 texturizer, batters Kelcogel® F; Sorbitan 60 K texturizer, Bavarian cream fillings Instant Pure-Flo® F; Purity® D texturizer, Bavarian creams Ultra-Tex® 3 texturizer, beer Corn syrup texturizer, beverage mixes C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12605 texturizer, beverages Aloe Vera Gel Spray Dried Powd.; Corn syrup; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Instant Pure-Flo®; Instant Textra Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F N-Lite® CL; Sucrose fatty acid esters; Tapioca syrup; Textaid®-A; Textra® texturizer, biscuits Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 100 texturizer, bologna Curavis® 250 texturizer, bottled pickles Purity® HPC texturizer, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelcogel® F; Puffed Amaranth texturizer, breading mixes Baka-Snak®; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 texturizer, breads Amflex; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; CFI10; Extram® H; Hi-maize 260 Puffed Amaranth texturizer, broths Vis*Quick® 11 texturizer, buns CFI-10

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, butter Lactose texturizer, butter cream icings Methocel® K100LV Premium texturizer, cake/bread mixes Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ texturizer, cake doughnuts C-D Stabilizer texturizer, cake mixes Calcium acetate; C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*TexInstant 12606; N-Flate™; Sorbogem™ texturizer, cakes Aldo® MS LG KFG; Benecel® MP 843; Crester KZ; C*Tex 06219; Extram® H Liposorb TS-20K; Myvatex® 40-06S; Paniplex SK; PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B Soft Touch K; Span® 60; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets texturizer, cake shortenings Glyceryl stearate texturizer, candy Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Maltodextrin; Tapioca syrup texturizer, candy bars BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 28DE texturizer, canned black olives Gluconal® FE Food texturizer, canned cream fillings Purity® D texturizer, canned custards C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06214 texturizer, canned fish Novation® 1600 texturizer, canned foods Amioca™; Maximaize® DJ; National® 465; National® 1457; Purity® 4 Purity® NCS texturizer, canned foods: cream style corn Clearjel®; Clearjel® S texturizer, canned foods: dinner prods. Clearjel® S texturizer, canned foods: gravies Clearjel®; Clearjel® S texturizer, canned foods: pork and beans Clearjel® texturizer, canned foods: sauces Clearjel®; Clearjel® S texturizer, canned foods: soups Clearjel®; Clearjel® S

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, canned ham Pentasodium triphosphate texturizer, canned meats Gempolym texturizer, canned peas Pentasodium triphosphate texturizer, canned puddings Pure-Flo® texturizer, canned soups N-Lite® L texturizer, canned vegetables Novation® 1600 texturizer, caramel Potassium phosphate texturizer, caramels Melojel®; Purity® TF texturizer, casein-reduced cheese analogs Perfectamyl™ Gel MB texturizer, cattle feed Soybean (Glycine soja) oil texturizer, cereal processing National® 4012 texturizer, cereal prods. Calcium phosphate dibasic texturizer, cereals Amaranthus cruentus; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ; CrystaLean®; Hi-maize 260; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600 Puffed Amaranth; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate Textaid®-A; Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ texturizer, cheddar cheese Gel 'N' Melt® texturizer, cheese analogs Grindsted™ BK texturizer, cheese derivatives Struct-Sure® 20 texturizer, cheese processing Potassium phosphate texturizer, cheese prods. Maltrin® M040 texturizer, cheeses Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; DelvoAdd™; Kelcogel® LT100 texturizer, cheese sauces PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B; Redisol® 78D; Ultra-Sperse® 2000; Ultra-Tex® 3

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, cheese spreads Bakers yeast extract texturizer, cheese spreads/dips Baker's yeast glycan texturizer, chewing gum C*Eridex; Litesse®; Polydextrose; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Sucrose fatty acid esters texturizer, chicken rolls Kena® FP-28 texturizer, chilled dairy desserts C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06219 texturizer, chilled desserts C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06214 texturizer, chilled puddings C*Tex 06204 texturizer, chip dips Redisol® 88 texturizer, chocolate compds. Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids texturizer, chocolate flavors Malt extract texturizer, coated snacks Ultra-Crisp™ CS texturizer, coffee whiteners Hodag® S-35 K; Span® 60 texturizer, cold batters Mira-Gel® 463 texturizer, cold processed food systems Redi-Tex® texturizer, comminuted meat prods. Accoline-Mix texturizer, confectionery Algin; BarFlex® 171; Coyote Brand Konjac A; Crystal Tex™ 648; Exp F 115 Exp F 117; Hi-Set® C; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Kelcogel®; Lactose Litesse®; Litesse® II; Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290 Meritose 100; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil; Polydextrose; Sorbogem™ Vis*Quick® 11; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets texturizer, confectionery coatings Span® 60 texturizer, confectionery intermediates Baka-Snak® texturizer, confection pan coatings Purity® Gum 59

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, convenience foods Kena® FP-28 texturizer, cooked boned chicken meat Kena® FP-28; Kena® FP-28 texturizer, cooked creams Melojel®; Purity® TF texturizer, cooked foods National® 740 texturizer, cooked meat prods. Ceamgel 1313™; Ceamgel 3383; Ceamgel M-9393; Firm-Tex® texturizer, cooked sausages Accoline-Mix; Curavis® 250 texturizer, cooked snack foods Amioca™; Purity® 9200 texturizer, cookie doughs Mira-Gel® 463; Trem® texturizer, cookies Ammonium bicarbonate; Baka-Snak®; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 100; C*Tex-Instant 12605 Extram® H; Puffed Amaranth; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets texturizer, cook-in-can fruit fillings Thermtex® texturizer, cooking oil Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil texturizer, cooking oils Soybean (Glycine soja) oil texturizer, cook-up home preps. Novation® 2600; Novation® 9260 texturizer, cottage cheese Grindsted™ BK; OptaGrade®; OptaMist® texturizer, cough drops Purity® Gum 40 texturizer, cracker doughs Trem® texturizer, crackers Ammonium bicarbonate; Baka-Snak®; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 100; Maltodextrin National® 5730; Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets texturizer, cream Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate texturizer, cream-based puddings National® 465

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, cream-based sauces National® 465 texturizer, cream cheese Grindsted™ BK; OptaGrade®; OptaMist® texturizer, creamed canned food Purity® 660 texturizer, cream fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06219; Frigex®-W Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); National® 740; National® 1658 National® Frigex; Purity® 69; Starco™ 447; Thermshear texturizer, cream/milk-canned foods National® 4012 texturizer, cream pie fillings National® Frigex HV; Thermflo® texturizer, cream soups Instant Pure-Flo® F texturizer, cream-style corn Purity® NCS texturizer, creamy: whipped toppings Gelcarin® GP-379NF texturizer, crumbs 21825 Bacom texturizer, cultured dairy prods. Maxi-Gel® 700; Struct-Sure® 20 texturizer, cultured prods. Thibola 100; Thibola 230 texturizer, cured meat Malt extract texturizer, custard creams PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B texturizer, custard fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Melojel®; Purity® TF texturizer, custards Thermflo® texturizer, dairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids texturizer, dairy desserts Crystal Tex™ 648 texturizer, dairy prods. Coyote Brand Konjac A; Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Frigex®-W Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Kelcogel® LT100; Merigel 100; Merigel 310 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Meritena 100

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Mira-Thik® 469; National® Frigex; Novation® 2700 Novation® 3300; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9270; Novation® 9330; Novation® 9360 Novation® Prima 300; OptaGrade®; OptaMist®; Perfectamyl™ Gel MB; Resistamyl 346 Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Sucrose fatty acid esters; Thermshear Ultra-Tex® 3 texturizer, dehydrated potatoes Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK; Sodium stearoyl lactylate texturizer, deli meats PenBind® 100 texturizer, dessert gels Kelcogel® texturizer, desserts Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Glyceryl stearate; National® Frigex HV; Novation® 2700; Novation® 3600 Novation® 9270; Novation® 9360; Nutrifos® 088; Pentasodium triphosphate; Purity® W Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Textrion PROGEL 800 texturizer, diabetic food CrystaLean® texturizer, diet jellies Benecel® MP 843 texturizer, dinners Hiflo® texturizer, dips Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Hi-Jel™ S; JustFiber® WWF10; JustFiber® WWF40 JustFiber® WWF200; JustFiber® WWF300; Kelcogel® LT100; Novation® 2300; Novation® 8300 Novation® 9230; Novation® Prima 600; Rice*Complete® 3; Solka-Floc® 20 FCC; Solka-Floc® 200 FCC Solka-Floc® 300 FCC; Solka-Floc® 900 FCC; Starco™ 447 texturizer, donut fillings Textaid®-A texturizer, donut mixes Paniplex SK texturizer, donuts Aqualon® 7M8SF; Benecel® MP 843; CFI10; Extram® H; Liposorb TS-20K

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, dough Gempolym texturizer, dressings Amaranthus cruentus; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Crystal Tex™ 648 Gempolym; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelcogel® LT100; Merigel 100; Merigel 310 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Meritena 100 Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Nu-Star® 120; Nu-Star® 140; Protanal Ester SD-H Resistamyl 310; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347 Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Rice*Complete® 3; Thermshear texturizer, dry food mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214 C*Tex 06218; C*Tex 06219; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; National® 711; National® 740 National® 1215; Novation® 2700; Novation® 9270; Novation® 9560; Purity® 4 Purity® D; Redisol® 88; Redi-Tex®; Starco™ 447; Ultra-Sperse® Ultra-Sperse® M; Ultra-Tex® 1 texturizer, dry food mixes: dairy prods. Ultra-Tex® 2000 texturizer, dry food mixes: gravies Instant Clearjel®; Ultra-Tex® 2; Ultra-Tex® 2000 texturizer, dry food mixes: sauces Instant Clearjel®; Novation® 1900; Novation® 6600; Ultra-Tex® 2; Ultra-Tex® 2000 texturizer, dry food mixes: soups Melojel®; Novation® 1900; Novation® 6600 texturizer, dry instant foods Mira-Thik® 469 texturizer, dry roasted nuts Sorbogem™ texturizer, east-raised baked goods Aldosperse® MS-20 FG texturizer, eggs Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate texturizer, emulsified meats Lo-Temp® 452 texturizer, emulsion meats Purity® 90; Thermtex®

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, emulsions Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Vis*Quick® 11 texturizer, ethnic bakery prods. Expandex™ Modified Starch texturizer, evaporated milk Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate texturizer, extruded food Novelose® 330 texturizer, extruded foods Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785; Crisp Film®; Paniplex CK Paniplex SK texturizer, extruded snack foods CrystaLean®; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*TexInstant 12606; Tapioca starch texturizer, fabricated potato prods. Novation® 1600; Textaid®-A texturizer, farinaceous foods Kelcogel® F texturizer, fat-free foods Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K texturizer, fermented milk applics. Delvo-Add™ texturizer, fillings Calcium acetate; Polydextrose; Purity® 4; Sorbogem™ texturizer, fillings: aseptically prepared National® 1457 texturizer, fish burgers Novation® 6600 texturizer, fish dishes Gempolym texturizer, flavored sauces Novation® 2700; Novation® 9270 texturizer, flavor-sensitive dairy systems N-Lite® CL; N-Lite® D texturizer, flavor-sensitive meat systems Supro® EX Isolated Soy Protein texturizer, flour Amaranthus cruentus texturizer, flour confectionery Crester KZ texturizer, fondants C*Eridex

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, food Acacia; Acetylated distarch glycerol; Acetylated distarch phosphate; Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Aldo® MS LG KFG Aldosperse® O-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG; Algin; Aloe Vera Gel Spray Dried Powd.; Ammonium bicarbonate Arise 6000™; Bakers yeast extract; Baker's yeast glycan; BatterCrisp™ 90240; Benecel® MP 843 Calcium acetate; Calcium chloride; Calcium gluconate; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium sulfate; Cellulose; Chemstat® G-118/52; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil Corn starch, waxy; Corn syrup; Corn (Zea mays) gluten protein; Corn (Zea mays) meal; Corn (Zea mays) oil Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; C*Pulp Tex 12930; Crodesta F-10; Crodesta F-110; Crodesta F-160 C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209 C*Tex 06214; C*Tex 06218; C*Tex 06218; C*Tex 06219; C*Tex-Instant 12605 C*Tex-Instant 12606; Economix Gelatin; Fibruline® XL; Fibruline® Instant; Frigex®W Gelatin; Glyceryl stearate; Grindsted™ Alginate FD 000; Grindsted™ Alginate FD 100; Grindsted™ Alginate FD 200 Grindsted™ Alginate FD 400; Grindsted™ Guar; Grindsted™ LBG; Grindsted™ Pectin; Hiflo® Hodag® S-35 K; Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate; Hydrolyzed oat flour; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Imperial 400 Instant Textaid®-A; Inulin; Japan (Rhus succedanea) wax; JustFiber® WWF10; JustFiber® WWF40 JustFiber® WWF200; JustFiber® WWF300; Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F; Kelcogel® LT100 Konjac flour; Lactic acid esters of monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; Lactitol; Lactose; Lard Litesse®; Litesse® II; Litesse® Ultra™; Malt extract; Maltodextrin

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference D-Mannitol; Microcrystalline cellulose; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; National® 1215; National® 1333 National® 1658; National® 4012; National® Frigex; Novation® 2300; Novation® 2600 Novation® 2700; Novation® 8300; Novation® 9260; Novation® 9270; Novelose® 330 NutraFiber® NF 40; NutraFiber® NF 200; NutraFiber® NF 300; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil Palm oil sucroglyceride; Pationic® 925; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Pentasodium triphosphate; PG USP Polydextrose; Potassium phosphate; Potassium phosphate dibasic; Potassium phosphate tribasic; Potassium tripolyphosphate Prefera® SSL; Pregel 10; Propylene glycol; Puffed Amaranth; Purity® 4 Resistamyl 131; Resistamyl 231; Rice maltodextrin; Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) oil; Sodium metaphosphate Sodium pectinate; Sodium phosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Sodium phosphate tribasic; Sodium polyphosphate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Solka-Floc® 20 FCC Solka-Floc® 40 NF; Solka-Floc® 200 FCC; Solka-Floc® 300 FCC; Solka-Floc® 900 FCC; Sorbitol Sorbo®; Sorbogem™; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Sucrose erucate; Sucrose fatty acid esters Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate; Sucrose tristearate; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil; Talc Tallow; Tapioca dextrin; Tapioca starch; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate; Textaid®-A Ultra-Tex® 4; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein texturizer, food: aseptically processed Pure-Flo® texturizer, food bars BarFlex® 171 texturizer, food powders C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12605

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, food processing Imperial 400; Protector Gelatin texturizer, fortified beverages BarFlex® 171 texturizer, frankfurters Curavis® 250 texturizer, French bread Crust EZE texturizer, French fries Crispcoat™ UC; National® 0280; National® 814 texturizer, fresh cheeses Grindsted™ BK texturizer, fresh poultry PenBind® 100 texturizer, fried foods Crispcoat™ UC; National® 0280; National® 814; Novelose® 330 texturizer, fried puffed foods National® 5730 texturizer, fried puffed snacks Baka-Snak® texturizer, frostings Algin; Benecel® MP 843; Famodan MS Kosher; Kelcogel®; Polydextrose Rice*Complete® 3 texturizer, frozen bread doughs Arise 6000™; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein texturizer, frozen breakfast drinks Aqualon® 7H0F; Aqualon® 7H3SF texturizer, frozen dairy desserts Polydextrose; Polydextrose; Sucrose fatty acid esters; Sucrose oleate; Sucrose palmitate Sucrose tristearate texturizer, frozen desserts Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG; Bakers yeast extract; Baker's yeast glycan; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Hodag® S-35 K Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; Instant Purity® SMR; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) Litesse®; Litesse® II; N-Surance™; National® DSR; N-Lite® D N-Oil®; Sorbogem™; Tapioca syrup texturizer, frozen dough C*Tex-Instant 12606; Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK texturizer, frozen entrees Novation® Prima 300

2582

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, frozen foods Colflo® 67; Frigex®-W; Instant Clearjel®; Instant Pure-Flo® F; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum National® 465; National® 711; National® 740; National® 1333; National® 1658 Purity® 4; Thermflo®; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticalose® CMC PH-2500 Powd.; Ultra-Tex® 1; Ultra-Tex® 2 Ultra-Tex® 3 texturizer, frozen gravies Hiflo® texturizer, frozen meat pies Colflo® 67 texturizer, frozen Oriental foods Colflo® 67 texturizer, frozen sauces Colflo® 67 texturizer, frozen soups Colflo® 67 texturizer, fruit desserts C*Tex 06218 texturizer, fruit fillings Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Merigel 340 Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Novation® 2300; Novation® 8300 Novation® 9230; Novation® Prima 600; Purity® HPC; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348 Thermflo® texturizer, fruit glazes Thermflo® texturizer, fruit gums Purity® Gum 40 texturizer, fruit juices Algin texturizer, fruit mixes Instant Tender-Jel® 419 texturizer, fruit pie fillings Colflo® 67; C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214 C*Tex 06219; C*Tex-Instant 12606; Purity® 69; Ultra-Tex® 2 texturizer, fruit pies Maximaize® DJ texturizer, fruit preps. Akucell® AF 3295; Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Frigex®-W Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Novation® 3600

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Novation® 9360; Novation® Prima 300; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Textaid®-A texturizer, fruits Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Glyceryl stearate texturizer, fruit toppings Insta*Starch® 100 PFX texturizer, gelatin Algin; Calcium acetate; Polydextrose texturizer, gelatin-free yogurts Struct-Sure® 20 texturizer, gelling juices Pentasodium triphosphate texturizer, gel/structured applics. Mira-Gel® 463 texturizer, glazes Kelcogel®; Mira-Thik® 469; Ultra-Tex® 2 texturizer, gluten-free bakery applics. Expandex™ Modified Starch texturizer, granola coatings Rice maltodextrin texturizer, gravies Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; C*Tex 06201 C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214 C*Tex 06219; Curdlan; Firm-Tex®; Instant Pure-Flo®; Instant Pure-Flo® F Instant Tender-Jel® 419; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum Lo-Temp® 452; Maximaize® DJ; Melojel®; Merigel 100; Merigel 310 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Meritena 100 Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Midsol™ 46; Mira-Thik® 469; National® 465 National® 740; Novation® 2600; Novation® 2700; Novation® 8600; Novation® 9260 Novation® 9270; Novation® 9560; Nu-Star® 120; Nu-Star® 140; PenPlus® 47 PenPlus® 47B; PenPlus® 2100; Purity® 69; Purity® CS C; Purity® NCS Purity® W; Redi-Tex®; Resistamyl 310; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 341 Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Rice*Complete® 3 Thermflo®; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder; Ultra-Sperse® 2000; Vis*Quick® 11

2583

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, ground meat prods. Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785; Vascomix 404 texturizer, gum candies Confectioners F & G; Thibola 100; Thibola 230; Thibola 300 texturizer, half & half Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate texturizer, ham EM 25; PenBind® 100 texturizer, hard candy Algin; Clearsweet® 43% High Maltose; Clearsweet® 50% High Maltose texturizer, hard gum candies Purity® Gum 40 texturizer, hard rolls Crust EZE texturizer, hard/soft candy Polydextrose texturizer, health bars CC-901 texturizer, heat-processed dairy prods. National® Frigex HV texturizer, heat-processed foods National® 1457 texturizer, heat-treated comminuted meat prods. Accoline texturizer, heavy cream type salad dressings Dress'n® 400 texturizer, high-acid foods Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230; Novation® Prima 600; Purity® HPC texturizer, high-moisture desserts Mira-Gel® 463 texturizer, high-pH foods National® 465 texturizer, high-pH soups Firm-Tex® texturizer, high-shear systems Thermtex® texturizer, home prep. cook-ups Novation® 8600 texturizer, hot dogs Purity® 90; SAPP-NL texturizer, hot processed food systems Redi-Tex®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, HTST processed aseptically canned foods WNA texturizer, HTST processed aseptically canned foods: puddings WNA texturizer, HTST processed aseptically canned foods: sauces WNA texturizer, HTST processed aseptically canned foods: soups WNA texturizer, ice cream Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG; Algin; Aqualon® 7H4F; Aqualon® 7HC4F Aqualon® 7HCF; Aqualon® 7HF; Aqualon® 7HXF; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101 Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Glyceryl stearate; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Instant Purity® SMR; N-Surance™ National® DSR; Non-Diastatic Malt Syrup #40600; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360; Soda Phos (FG) Sodium hexametaphosphate; Stamere® NIC FCC texturizer, ice cream cones Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 texturizer, ice milk Aqualon® 7HC4F; Aqualon® 7HCF texturizer, icing Aqualon® 7MF; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Coyote Brand Agar 100 mesh; Famodan MS Kosher Kelcogel®; Liposorb TS-20K; Melojel®; Mira-Gel® 463; Purity® TF Redisol® 78D; Redisol® 88; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Sorbogem™; Starco™ 447 texturizer, imitation cheeses Gel 'N' Melt®; N-Lite® D; PenBind® 830 texturizer, imitation sour cream Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil® texturizer, infant foods Lactose texturizer, instant cream fillings C*Tex-Instant 12606 texturizer, instant cream-style soups Ultra-Sperse® 2000; Ultra-Tex® 2000 2584

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, instant dry mixes Instant Pure-Flo®; Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC texturizer, instant foods Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC; Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447; Ultra-Sperse® 2000 Ultra-Tex® 1; Ultra-Tex® 2; Ultra-Tex® 3; Ultra-Tex® 2000 texturizer, instant fruit fillings: baked goods National® 711 texturizer, instant fruit pie fillings C*Tex-Instant 12605; Instant Clearjel® texturizer, instant gravies C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606; National® 711; National® 1215 Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC; UltraSperse®; Ultra-Sperse® M texturizer, instant gravy dry mixes IF-131 texturizer, instant low-calorie foods Ultra-Sperse® 5 texturizer, instant pie fillings Advanta-GEL™ P75 texturizer, instant puddings Baka-Snak®; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*TexInstant 12606; Hi-Jel™ S; Instant PureFlo® F National® 1215 texturizer, instant salad dressings Ultra-Sperse® M texturizer, instant sauces C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606; IF-131; National® 711 National® 1215; Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC; Ultra-Sperse® M texturizer, instant soups C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606; IF-131; Instant Tender-Jel® 419; Instant Textaid®-A National® 711; National® 1215; Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC; Ultra-Sperse® Ultra-Sperse® M texturizer, Italian bread Crust EZE texturizer, jams Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Merigel 340; Merigel 341 Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, jams/jellies Grindsted™ PECTIN LA 040; Grindsted™ PECTIN MRS 351; Grindsted™ PECTIN RS 400; Grindsted™ PECTIN SF; Grindsted™ PECTIN SS 200 Grindsted™ PECTIN XSS 100; Kelcogel® texturizer, jelly candies Thibola 100; Thibola 230; Thibola 300; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 100 FCC/NF Powder; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 110 FCC/NF Powd. TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 150 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar RS-100 Powder texturizer, jelly gum candies Hi-Set® C texturizer, ketchup C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06214 texturizer, knockwurst Curavis® 250 texturizer, leavened baked goods Supro Systems™ Vegetable Protein Product texturizer, lemon pie fillings National® 1333 texturizer, licorice Purity® NCS texturizer, liquid food systems N-Lite® L; Textra® texturizer, lite fruit syrups Instant Textra texturizer, lite pancake syrups Instant Textra; Textra® Plus texturizer, lite prods. Litesse®; Litesse® II texturizer, liver prods. EM 25 texturizer, low-acid foods National® 740 texturizer, low-calorie bakery pie fillings Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 texturizer, low-calorie beverages C*Eridex texturizer, low-calorie foods Lactitol; Sta-Lite® 370; Sta-Lite® III; StaLite® III F texturizer, low-calorie syrups Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) texturizer, low-fat butter spreads C*Tex-Instant 12606

2585

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, low-fat cakes Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 texturizer, low-fat cookies Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 texturizer, low-fat foods Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; Kelcogel®; Lactitol; N-Lite® D N-Lite® L; N-Oil®; Novation® 1900 texturizer, low-fat meat prods. Stamere® CK NF FCC texturizer, low-fat meats Curdlan; Purity® 90 texturizer, low-fat muffins TIC Pretested® Colloid 451T Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102-B No Fat Powder texturizer, low-fat puddings N-Lite® CL texturizer, low-fat spreads Kelcogel® F texturizer, low-moisture confectionery Mira-Gel® 463 texturizer, low-moisture foods Hi-maize 260; Hi-maize® 240 texturizer, low-oil foods Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil® texturizer, low-pH canned foods National® 1333 texturizer,low-pH fruit fillings National® 1457 texturizer, low-to-mod. heat/shear conditions: food prods. Novation® Prima 300 texturizer, lozenges Purity® Gum 40 texturizer, luncheon meats EM 25 texturizer, lunch meats SAPP-NL texturizer, margarine Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Corn (Zea mays) oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Lactose; Palm (Elaeis guineensis) kernel oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, margarine spreads Instant N-Oil®; N-Oil® texturizer, marinades TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder texturizer, marshmallows TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 100 FCC/NF Powder; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 110 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar Agar 150 FCC/NF Powd.; TIC Pretested® Agar RS-100 Powder texturizer, mayonnaise Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06214; C*Tex-Instant 12605; C*Tex-Instant 12606 Gempolym; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Protanal Ester SD-H texturizer, meat Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Novation® 6600; Nu-Star® 120; Nutrifos® 088 Nutrifos® 100; Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Soda Phos (FG) Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; StaSlim™ 143 texturizer, meat balls Vascomix 404 texturizer, meat loaves EM 25 texturizer, meat patties Vascomix 404 texturizer, meat/poultry prods. EM 25 texturizer, meat processing Potassium phosphate texturizer, meat prods. Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; BatterCrisp™ 90240; Pentasodium triphosphate; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Purity® 90 Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate; Supro® EX Isolated Soy Protein texturizer, meringues Pentasodium triphosphate texturizer, microwavable cakes N-Flate™ texturizer, microwavable cheese sauces Instant N-Oil® II; N-Lite® L; Ultra-Tex® 2000

2586

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, microwavable foods C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12605; LoTemp® 452; Mira-Gel® 463; Mira-Thik® 469 National® 465 texturizer, microwavable reconstituted foods Ultra-Tex® 1 texturizer, microwavable sauces Ultra-Tex® 4 texturizer, milk-containing canned food Purity® 660 texturizer, milk prods. Stamere® NIC FCC texturizer, mixes Sodium stearoyl lactylate texturizer, mousses Benecel® MP 843 texturizer, Mozzarella cheese Gel 'N' Melt® texturizer, muffin/cake mixes C*Tex-Instant 12605 texturizer, muffin mixes C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex-Instant 12606 texturizer, muffins Hi-maize 260; PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B texturizer, natural cheeses OptaGrade®; OptaMist® texturizer, neutral foods Mira-Thik® 469 texturizer, nondairy creams Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids texturizer, nonfat cakes Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 texturizer, nonfat cookies Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 texturizer, nonfat foods N-Lite® D; N-Lite® L texturizer, nonfat puddings N-Lite® CL texturizer, noodles Purity® 90 texturizer, no-time bread systems Panicrust LC K texturizer, nut coatings Rice maltodextrin texturizer, nutritional bars Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, nutritional beverages Textureze™ NB 100 texturizer, nutritional foods CrystaLean® texturizer, nutritional snack foods Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets texturizer, nutritional tablets Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 100 texturizer, nutrition bars BarFlex® 171; CC-901 texturizer, nuts Glyceryl stearate texturizer, organic foods Novation® 5600-OC; Novation® 9230; Novation® 9260; Novation® 9270 texturizer, pan-baked bread Arise 6000™; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) protein texturizer, pasta Hi-maize 260 texturizer, pasta/noodles Novelose® 330 texturizer, pasteurized prods. Novation® 1600 texturizer, pasteurized puddings Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360 texturizer, pastry fillings Mira-Thik® 469; National® 740; National® 1658; Ultra-Tex® 2; Ultra-Tex® 3 texturizer, peanut butter Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Aldo® MS KFG; Glyceryl stearate texturizer, pet foods Baka-Snak®; Kelcogel®; National® 4012; National® 5730; Purity® 660 texturizer, pie fillings C*Tex 06218; Instant Tender-Jel® 419; Midsol™ 46; National® 465; PenPlus® 47 PenPlus® 47B; Redisol® 88; Tapioca starch texturizer, pizza crusts Panicrust LC K texturizer, pizza sauces Textaid®-A texturizer, potato prods. BatterCrisp™ 90240; Novation® 6600 texturizer, pot pies Hiflo® texturizer, poultry Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Ceamgel 3383; Kena® FP-28; Malt extract Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate 2587

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, poultry prods. Pentasodium triphosphate; Potassium tripolyphosphate texturizer, pourable salad dressings Instant N-Oil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Oil®; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 228 M Powder texturizer, precooked breaded parts Kena® FP-28 texturizer, premium full-fat ice creams CarraLizer™ C-1; CarraLizer™ C-2; CarraLizer™ C-3; CarraLizer™ C-4 texturizer, prepared foods Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200 Meritena 290 texturizer, pretzels Hi-maize 260 texturizer, process cheeses Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate texturizer, processed American cheese Gel 'N' Melt® texturizer, processed cheeses Albrite® STPP-F; Albrite® STPP-FC; Grindsted™ BK; OptaGrade®; OptaMist® Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate Thibola 100; Thibola 230 texturizer, processed desserts Purity® 660 texturizer, processed fish Albrite® STPP-F; Albrite® STPP-FC texturizer, processed fresh fruit/vegetables Snow Fresh® texturizer, processed meat prods. Albrite® STPP-F; Albrite® STPP-FC; PenBind® 100 texturizer, processed meats Maltrin® M040; Novation® 1600; Nutrifos® 100; Supro Systems™ Vegetable Protein Product texturizer, processed organic foods Novation® 9330; Novation® 9360 texturizer, processed poultry PenBind® 100 texturizer, processed puddings Purity® 660 texturizer, protein matrix foods Purity® 90

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, pudding Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids texturizer, puddings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06219 Frigex®-W; Glyceryl stearate; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Kelcogel® LT100; Maltodextrin Melojel®; Mira-Thik® 469; National® 465; National® 740; National® Frigex National® Frigex HV; Novation® 2700; Novation® 9270; Paniplex CK; Paniplex SK Purity® 4; Purity® CS C; Purity® TF; Purity® W; Redisol® 88 Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Starco™ 447; Struct-Sure® 20; Thermflo®; Thermshear texturizer, puddings: aseptically processed National® 1457; National® 1658; National® 4012 texturizer, puff pastries Panicrust LC K texturizer, quiche fillings C*Tex 06218 texturizer, raw frozen items Kena® FP-28 texturizer, ready-to-eat cereals Novelose® 330 texturizer, reduced-calorie baked goods N-Flate™ texturizer, reduced-calorie foods Polydextrose; Sta-Lite® 370; Sta-Lite® III; Sta-Lite® III F texturizer, reduced-fat cheese sauces Methocel® A15LV Premium texturizer, reduced-fat dressings Curdlan texturizer, reduced-fat emulsified meat prods. PenCling® 510; PenCling® 530 texturizer, reduced-solids foods Instant Textra; Textra® Plus texturizer, refrigerated entrees Novation® Prima 300 texturizer, refrigerated foods Instant Clearjel®; Instant Pure-Flo® F; National® 465; National® 740; National® 1333 National® 1658; Ultra-Tex® 1; Ultra-Tex® 2 texturizer, refrigerated/frozen foods Instant Pure-Flo®; Purity® CS C texturizer, refrigerated prods. National® 711 2588

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, relishes Purity® HPC texturizer, retorted foods Frigex®-W; National® 740; National® 1658; Purity® HPC; Thermtex® Thibola 100; Thibola 230 texturizer, retorted soups Novation® 2600; Novation® 8600; Novation® 9260 texturizer, rice flour breads Methocel® K4M Premium texturizer, Ricotta cheese Merecol® R; Merecol® RB; Merecol® RCS texturizer, rolls CFI-10; Crust EZE texturizer, Roman Meal prods. Extram® H texturizer, salad dressings Bakers yeast extract; Baker's yeast glycan; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06214; C*Tex-Instant 12605 C*Tex-Instant 12606; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Instant Tender-Jel® 419; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Novation® 2300 Novation® 8300; Novation® 9230; Novation® Prima 600; PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B Polydextrose; Purity® 420; Purity® 550; Ultra-Tex® 4; Vis*Quick® 11 WNA texturizer, salad oils Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil texturizer, salsas Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101 texturizer, sauce mixes Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose texturizer, sauces Algin; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Calcium acetate; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214 C*Tex 06219; Curdlan; Firm-Tex®; Gempolym; Hiflo® Hi-Jel™ S; Instant Tender-Jel® 419; Instant Textaid®-A; Instant Textra; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; JustFiber® WWF10; JustFiber® WWF40 JustFiber® WWF200; JustFiber® WWF300; Kelcogel® F; Lecitreme™ 40; Lecitreme™ 50 Lo-Temp® 452; Maximaize® DJ; Melojel®; Merigel 100; Merigel 310 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Meritena 100 Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Midsol™ 46; Mira-Thik® 469; National® 465 National® 740; N-Lite® CL; Novation® 2300; Novation® 2700; Novation® 3600 Novation® 8300; Novation® 9230; Novation® 9270; Novation® 9360; Novation® 9560 Novation® Prima 600; Nu-Star® 120; NuStar® 140; PenPlus® 47; PenPlus® 47B PenPlus® 2100; Purity® 4; Purity® 69; Purity® 420; Purity® HPC Purity® NCS; Redi-Tex®; Resistamyl 310; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 341 Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Solka-Floc® 20 FCC Solka-Floc® 200 FCC; Solka-Floc® 300 FCC; Solka-Floc® 900 FCC; Textra®; Textra® Plus Thermflo®; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder; Ultra-Tex® 1; UltraTex® 3 texturizer, sausages EM 25; Gempolym; Pentasodium triphosphate texturizer, seafood prods. Ceamgel 1313™; Ceamgel M-9393; Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate texturizer, semisolid salad dressings Dress'n® 400 texturizer, shelf-stable desserts Novation® Prima 300 texturizer, shelf-stable soups Novation® Prima 300 texturizer, sherbets Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG; Aqualon® 7H0F; Aqualon® 7H3SF; Cremodan® SL texturizer, shortening Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil; Cottonseed (Gossypium) oil; Glyceryl stearate; Hodag® S-35 K 2589

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil; Soybean (Glycine soja) oil; Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil texturizer, shredded cheeses Grindsted™ BK texturizer, sliced cheeses Grindsted™ BK texturizer, sliced meats Ceamgel 3383 texturizer, snack dips Bakers yeast extract texturizer, snack foods Amaranthus cruentus; Canadian Harvest® Stabilized Full-Fat Wheat Germ; Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307 Hi-maize 260; Merigel 100; Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 347 Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritose 100; Meritose 200 Meritose 300; National® 5730; Novelose® 330; Puffed Amaranth; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP) Viobin® Defatted Wheat Germ; X-Pand'R® 612 texturizer, soft breads C*Tex 06219 texturizer, soft drinks Corn syrup texturizer, soft serve Aqualon® 7H4XF; Aqualon® 7HF texturizer, soft-serve frozen desserts N-Lite® CL texturizer, sorbets Cremodan® SL texturizer, soup mixes Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447 texturizer, soups Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Coyote Stabilizer DS101 C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214 C*Tex 06219; Gempolym; Instant Pure-Flo®; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum Maximaize® DJ; Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340; Merigel 341 Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Midsol™ 46; Mira-Thik® 469; National® 740; Novation® 2700; Novation® 3600 Novation® 9270; Novation® 9360; Nu-Star® 120; Nu-Star® 140; PenPlus® 47 PenPlus® 47B; PenPlus® 2100; Purity® CS C; Purity® HPC; Purity® W Resistamyl 310; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347 Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Rice*Complete® 3; Vis*Quick® 11 texturizer, sour cream Baker's yeast glycan; N-Lite® D; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360; OptaGrade® OptaMist®; Struct-Sure® 20 texturizer, sour cream prods. Bakers yeast extract texturizer, soya burgers Novation® 6600 texturizer, soy sauce Textra® Plus texturizer, spaghetti Textaid®-A texturizer, specialty items Clearjel®; Clearjel® S texturizer, spoonable salad dressings Delta™ 7393; Delta™ SD 7393; Instant NOil®; Instant N-Oil® II; N-Lite® L N-Oil®; Thermtex® texturizer, sports beverages Rice maltodextrin texturizer, spreadable cheese Grindsted™ BK texturizer, spreads Crystal Tex™ 648; Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447 texturizer, stews Purity® NCS; Purity® W texturizer, structured foods Kelcogel®; Kelcogel® F texturizer, stuffing Puffed Amaranth texturizer, sugar-free foods Lactitol texturizer, sugar-free fruit preps. Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 texturizer, sugar-free ice cream CarraLizer™ C-1; CarraLizer™ C-2; CarraLizer™ C-3; CarraLizer™ C-4 texturizer, surimi Sorbogem™ texturizer, sweet goods CFI-10; Extram® H 2590

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, sweet goods icings Aqualon® 7M8SF texturizer, syrups Benecel® MP 843; Instant Textra; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Textra®; Vis*Quick® 11 texturizer, table syrups Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate; Tapioca syrup texturizer, table toppings Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate texturizer, tablets Microcrystalline cellulose texturizer, taco shells Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 texturizer, texture modification Mira-Gel® 463 texturizer, toffees Myverol® 18-04; Myverol® 18-07 texturizer, tomatoes Textaid®-A texturizer, tomato paste Redi-Tex® texturizer, tomato prods. Apple fiber; Instant Tender-Jel® 419; Textaid®-A texturizer, tomato sauces C*Pulp Tex 12930; C*Tex 06204; C*TexInstant 12605; Redi-Tex® texturizer, topping powders Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids texturizer, toppings Algin; Calcium acetate; Instant Textaid®-A; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Paniplex CK; Redisol® 78D; Vis*Quick® 11 texturizer, tortilla chips Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 770; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 780; Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 785 texturizer, tortillas Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 500; CFI-10; Panicrust LC K texturizer, turkey rolls Firm-Tex®; Kena® FP-28 texturizer, Turkish paste confectioneries Purity® TF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

texturizer, Turkish pastes Melojel® texturizer, turnover fillings Textaid®-A; Ultra-Sperse® 2000; UltraSperse® M; Ultra-Tex® 4 texturizer, UHT desserts C*Tex 06204 texturizer, UHT puddings C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06204 texturizer, vanilla flavors Malt extract texturizer, vegetable dishes Gempolym texturizer, vegetable dishes Curdlan texturizer, vegetable prods. BatterCrisp™ 90240 texturizer, vegetables Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate texturizer, vegetarian burgers Novation® 6600 texturizer, Vienna sausages Curavis® 250 texturizer, water ices Cremodan® DC texturizer, whey Soda Phos (FG); Sodium hexametaphosphate texturizer, whey processing Sodium metaphosphate texturizer, whipped milk prods. Sucrose fatty acid esters texturizer, whipped prods. N-Flate™ texturizer, whipped toppings Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Glyceryl stearate; Hodag® S-35 K; Paniplex SK Span® 60 texturizer, wine gums Purity® Gum 40 texturizer, yeast-raised baked goods Prefera® SSL texturizer, yeast-raised bakery prods. CDC-50; CDC-2500; Trem® texturizer, yeast-raised donuts Paniplex SK; Soft Touch K texturizer, yeast-raised doughs Panicrust LC K

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference texturizer, yogurt Coyote Stabilizer CT-D100; N-Lite® CL; NLite® D; Novation® 3300; Novation® 3600 Novation® 9330; Textrion PROGEL 800; Thermshear texturizer, yogurt desserts C*Tex 06201 texturizer, zero-calorie beverages C*Eridex thiamine source, dry foods Thiamine Hydrochloride USP, FCC thiamine source, dry infant formulas Thiamine Hydrochloride USP, FCC thickener Benecel® M 043; Celish®; Coyote Stabilizer KT-MS; Gelose® 50; Gelose® 80 GRINDSTED®Xanthan 200; GRINDSTED®Xanthan EASY; Guar Gum Food Grade 40N; Guar Gum Food Grade 55I; Guar Gum Food Grade 150FC Guar Gum Food Grade 160FC; Guar Gum Food Grade 225F; Guar Gum Food Grade 260F; Guar Gum Food Grade 270F; Guar Gum Food Grade 4000FC Guar Gum Food Grade 4500F; Guar Gum Food Grade DP80; Guar Gum Food Grade HV400F; Kelgum® GFS; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Mira-Sperse® 626; PROVIgel® EXG 01; SAPP 26; SAPP 28; SAPP 40 SAPP 43; SAPP RD-1; Terra Alba; Thermal Select 75%/80%/85% (FG); TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry NF/USP Powd. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Powder; TIC Pretested® Taragel® Konjac High Viscosity; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® Tica-thick thickener, acidic foods Gelatinized Dura-Jel®; Hi-Jel™ S; Homecraft™ Create 730; Homecraft™ Create 765; Homecraft™ Express 760 Instant Clearjel®; Mira-Sperse® 623; MiraThik® 468; Mira-Thik® 603; Perma-Flo® Rezista®; Tenderfil® 473A thickener, acidic sauces Frigex®-W; Mira-Thik® 603; PolarTex 05734 thickener, aerated confectionery prods. StabiTex 06330 thickener, aerated cream fillings Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, alcoholic beverages Aloe extract; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 X Powder thickener, all natural foods TIstar Native Tapioca thickener, aloe gels TIC Pretested® Colloid 710 H Powder thickener, anchovies Manugel® DMB thickener, aq. food systems Novation® 1600; Purity® HPC thickener, aquaculture Manugel® GMB thickener, aseptically canned prods. Frigex®-W thickener, aseptically processed foods Maxi-Gel® 7776 thickener, aseptic puddings Mira-Cleer® 340; PolarTex 05733; Tenderfil® 428 thickener, aseptic/shelf stable foods PolarTex 06740 thickener, Asian foods Purity® 90 thickener, Asian sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder thickener, aspics Manucol® DH; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB thickener, baby foods Cargill Tex 06201; Cargill Tex 06231; Freezist® M; Pectin, amidated; Perma-Flo® Purity® D; Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AX-P; Tenderfil® 8; Tenderfil® 9; TIstar C thickener, baked cream fillings Concentrated DARILOID® XL thickener, baked goods Calcium acetate; Edicol®; Glyceryl stearate; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV) Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Hodag® S35 K; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Keltrol® 521; Keltrol® 1000 Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Methylcellulose; National® 5730; Polydextrose; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium hydroxide Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 Propylene glycol alginate; TIC Pretested® Caragum 300 2473 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Colloid 710 H Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® CM-Xanthan Powd.; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Guar Gum 3500 F Powder Whetpro®-75; Xanthan gum; Xanthan gum thickener, baked puffed foods National® 5730 thickener, baker's jellies Rezista®; Tenderfil® 473A thickener, bakery cream fillings Lacticol® CFT; Lacticol® F336; Ultra-Tex® 1 thickener, bakery emulsions Ticaxan® Regular thickener, bakery filling creams Lacticol® F616; Manucol® DMF; MANUCOL® SMF thickener, bakery fillings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Cargill Tex 06201; Gelatinized Dura-Jel®; Genu® 12CG; Genu® 18CG Genu® 22CG; Genu® 102AS; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; Manucol® DM; Manucol® JKT Manucol® LB; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ; Mira-Cleer® 187 Mira-Thik® 606; PolarTex 06740; PureDent® B700 NF; Purity® HO; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP) TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd. thickener, bakery flavors TIC Pretested® Aragum® T-1998 Powder thickener, bakery gels TIC Pretested® Colloid 600 Powder thickener, bakery glazes Manucol® DH thickener, bakery jellies Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, bakery mixes Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; Cellogen HP5HS; Cellogen HP-6HS; Cellogen HP6HS.9; Cellogen HP-12HS Cellogen HP-SB; Midsol™ 46; Multi-Kem FG 30-40X; Multi-Kem FG 30-70; Multi-Kem FG 60-30 Multi-Kem FG 60-50; Multi-Kem FG 60-70; TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder thickener, bakery prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085; Farinex WM 55; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; NovaXan 80 Protector Gelatin; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 8200 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 775 Powder; Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Tex® 2 thickener, bakery prods.: fruit pie fillings Clearjel® thickener, bakery toppings Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium thickener, baking mixes Polydextrose thickener, baking powder Apple fiber; Calcium glycerophosphate; Glyceryl stearate SE; Potassium acid tartrate

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, barbecue sauces Aqualon® 7H3SF; Benecel® MP 874; Cargill Tex 06201; PolarTex 06740 thickener, bar mixes TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder thickener, batter mixes Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 thickener, batters C*DrySet; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; PenCling® 720B thickener, Bavarian cream fillings Instant Pure-Flo® F thickener, Bavarian creams National® Frigex HV thickener, BBQ sauces TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth 200 thickener, beer Corn syrup; Trehalose thickener, beer malting Potassium chloride thickener, beverage mixes Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 thickener, beverages Agar; Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605 Akucell® AF 1705; Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205 Akucell® AF 2405; Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982 Akucell® AF 2985; Akucell® AF 3085; Aloe barbadensis extract; Aloe extract; Aluminum silicate CarraVis™ Series; Corn syrup; Coyote Brand Konjac A; Edicol®; Galactomannan Gum ghatti; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum;

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Keltrol® HP Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; National® 5717; Pectin; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; TIC Pretested® Aragum® T-1998 Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd.; Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC; Xanthan gum; Xanthan gum thickener, biscuits Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200 thickener, black olives Potassium hydroxide thickener, bologna PolarTex 05732 thickener, bottled pickles Purity® HPC thickener, breading Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Paygel® 290/295; PenCling® 720B; TIstar Pregelled Tapioca thickener, breads Citri-Fi® 100; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Trehalose thickener, breadwash TIC Pretested® Colloid 775 Powder thickener, breakfast drinks TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder thickener, buns Citri-Fi® 100 thickener, burrito fillings Citri-Fi® 200 thickener, butter Starch sodium octenyl succinate thickener, cake fillings Tenderfil® 8 thickener, cake mixes Acacia; Calcium acetate; Cargill GelInstant™ 12030; Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; Gelatinized Dura-Jel® Gum ghatti; Redisol® 412; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder thickener, cakes Benecel® MP 843; Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D2594

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference 200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D200 Shellac wax; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder thickener, cake shortening Glyceryl stearate thickener, calorie-reduced foods Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel HS 73 thickener, candy Arabinogalactan; Koster Keunen Synthetic Spermaceti; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Potassium acid tartrate thickener, canned baby foods Tenderfil® 473A thickener, canned chili Paygel® 290/295 thickener, canned cream soups Tenderfil® 473A thickener, canned fish Novation® 1600 thickener, canned food particulates National® 77-1744 thickener, canned foods Amioca™; Can-Fil®; Edicol®; Fruitfil® 1; Gumixan K Gumixan KF; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF; Maximaize® DJ; Maximaize® HV; Pectin, amidated; Perma-Flo® Purity® NCS; Resistamyl 310; StabiTex 06330; Tenderfil® 8; Tenderfil® 9 TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Guar Gum 3500 F Powder thickener, canned foods: cream style corn Clearjel®; Clearjel® S thickener, canned foods: dinner prods. Clearjel® S thickener, canned foods: gravies Clearjel®; Clearjel® S thickener, canned foods: pork and beans Clearjel® thickener, canned foods: sauces Clearjel®; Clearjel® S thickener, canned foods: soups Clearjel®; Clearjel® S thickener, canned fruit fillings: pies Mira-Cleer® 516 thickener, canned low-pH pie fillings TIstar D Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, canned pet foods Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB; MiraCleer® 516; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 thickener, canned pie fillings TIstar A thickener, canned puddings Freezist® M thickener, canned retorted prods. Mira-Cleer® 340 thickener, canned soups Cargill Tex 06231 thickener, canned vegetables Novation® 1600 thickener, caramel fillings Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265 Viscarin® BK 1761 thickener, caramels Actogel 1315; Melojel® thickener, caramel toppings Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265 Viscarin® BK 1761 thickener, carbonated beverages TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder thickener, cereal processing National® 4012 thickener, cereals Whetpro®-75 thickener, cheese analogs Whetpro®-75 thickener, cheesecake Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Kelgum® GFS thickener, cheesecake toppings Lacticol® CFT; Lacticol® F336; Manucol® DH; MANUCOL® SMF thickener, cheese dips Concentrated DARILOID® XL; DARILOID® thickener, cheeses Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Edicol®; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250 Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Oat gum; Propylene glycol alginate; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder 2595

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, cheese sauces Benecel® M 042; Corn maltodextrin; Homecraft™ Create 765; Mira-Cleer® 340; PolarTex 05733 Redisol® 78D; Viscarin® GP-209NF thickener, cheese spreads Bakers yeast extract; Manucol® DH; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 thickener, cheese spreads/dips Baker's yeast glycan thickener, chewing gum Polydextrose thickener, chewy sweets Glucidex 2 thickener, chiffons Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF thickener, chili Xanthan gum; Xanthan gum thickener, chilled dairy desserts CreamTex™ 75720 thickener, chilled desserts Lacticol® CFT; Manucol® DM; MANUCOL® SMF; TIstar P thickener, chip dips Redisol® 88 thickener, chips Citri-Fi® 100 thickener, chocolate flavors Malt extract thickener, chocolate milk DARILOID® thickener, chocolate syrups TIC Pretested® Colloid 775 Powder thickener, chocolate toppings Aqualon® 9H4F thickener, chutneys PROVImel® DN 10 thickener, citrus concs. Manucol® Ester ER/K; Manucol® Ester M thickener, citrus flavored fillings: pies/cakes Fruitfil® 1 thickener, citrus flavored puddings: pies/cakes Fruitfil® 1 thickener, clear beverages Keltrol® T 622 thickener, clear coat batters PenCling® 720B thickener, clear dressings Eliane™ BC 110; Eliane™ VC 120

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, clear salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S1 No Fat Powder thickener, clear syrups TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powder thickener, coating batters Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB thickener, coatings C*DrySet thickener, cocoa Potassium hydroxide thickener, cocoa beverages Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 366-THK thickener, coffee whiteners Hodag® S-35 K; Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S thickener, cold fruit fillings Prejel™ VA 70 S AGGL thickener, cold instant bakery fillings Viscarin® BK 1761 thickener, cold milk TIC Pretested® Colloid 775 Powder thickener, cold pack cheese Kelgum® 331 thickener, cold pie fillings Instant Thickener thickener, cold-prepared fruit fillings Farinex™ T 440; Prejel™ 200 thickener, cold-prepared jams Prejel™ 200 thickener, cold processing Meyprodyn 200® thickener, condiments Cargill Tex 06231; Propylene glycol alginate thickener, condiment sauces Mira-Cleer® 516 thickener, cones TIstar Native Tapioca thickener, confectionery Acacia; Algin; Dextrin; Glucidex 2; Gum ghatti Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Koster Keunen Synthetic Spermaceti; Liposorb L-20; Locust Bean Gum Type A100

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Manucol® Ester M; Polydextrose; Potassium acid tartrate Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G1 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; TIC Pretested® Aragum® 1067-T SS Powder; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. thickener, confectionery coatings Liposorb S; Span® 65; Span® 65K thickener, confectionery gums C*DrySet thickener, convenience foods Meyprogen®-MS®; Redisol® 412 thickener, cooked creams Melojel® thickener, cooked foods National® 740 thickener, cooked puddings Pure-Dent® B700 NF thickener, cooked snacks Amioca™; Purity® 9200 thickener, cookie fillings Kelgum® 87 thickener, cookies Citri-Fi® 100; Gelatinized Dura-Jel®; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624; TIstar Native Tapioca thickener, corn dogs Citri-Fi® 200 thickener, cottage cheese OptaGrade®; OptaMist® thickener, crackers National® 5730 thickener, cream cheese Kelgum® GFS; OptaGrade®; OptaMist®; Pectin, amidated thickener, cream fillings Farinex WM 55; Frigex®-W; Insta*Starch® 10/70 SH; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; National® 740; National® 1658 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Starco™ 447; TIstar C thickener, cream/milk-canned foods National® 4012 thickener, cream pies Maxi-Gel® 445 thickener, cream sauces National® Frigex HV; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth Powder thickener, cream soup mixes Redisol® 248 thickener, cream soups Instant Pure-Flo® F; Maxi-Gel® 445 thickener, cream-style corn Consista®; Maximaize® HV; Purity® NCS thickener, creamy fat-free salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S2 No Fat Powd. thickener, creme fillings Tenderfil® 9 thickener, crisp-coating fries TIstar Dextrin D-400 thickener, cured meat Malt extract thickener, custard fillings Melojel® thickener, custards Concentrated DARILOID® XL; DARILOID® thickener, dairy-based dry mix beverages TIC Pretested® Guarcel 302 Powder thickener, dairy based sauces Mira-Cleer® 187 thickener, dairy desserts Lactarin® MV 2066; Lactarin® MV 2066 thickener, dairy dips Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum thickener, dairy/fruit dips Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10 thickener, dairy prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Akucell® AF 3085; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); CarraVis™ Series; Frigex®-W; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade Kelcogel® LT; Kelgum® 87; Mira-Thik® 469; Mira-Thik® 606; Novation® 2700 Novation® 9270; OptaGrade®; OptaMist®; Potassium hydroxide; Powdered Guar Gum Type A Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; TIC Pretested® Colloid 775 Powder; TIC Pretested® Guarcel 402 Powd. TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 X Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Powder; TIC Pretested® Tara Gum 100; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® CM-Xanthan Powd. TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Guar Gum 3500 F Powder; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Locust Bean Gum Powder; TIstar P thickener, deep-frozen prods. Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085 thickener, delicately flavored sauces Binasol™ 95 thickener, delicatessen prods. PROVImel® DN 12; PROVImel® DN 15 thickener, dessert gels Kelcogel® LT; Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Manugel® DJX Manugel® GHB thickener, desserts Agar; Akucell® AF 3295; Glyceryl stearate; Kelgum®; Novation® 2700 Novation® 9270; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC; Xanthan gum Xanthan gum thickener, diabetic food Xylitol Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, dietetic beverages Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered thickener, dietetic foods Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Tenderfil® 9; Xylitol thickener, diet jelly Benecel® MP 843 thickener, dips Hi-Jel™ S; Starco™ 447 thickener, donuts Benecel® MP 843; Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Paygel® 290/295; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder thickener, dressings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Kelcogel® LT; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP 594; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF; Meyprogen®-MS®; Protanal Ester SD-H; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Xanthan Powd. UltraGuar™ thickener, dressings/sauces Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type E-1; Powdered Tragacanth Gum Type W; Tragacanth Gum Ribbon No. 1 NF FCC thickener, dry food mixes Purity® 90; Ultra-Sperse® thickener, dry instant foods Mira-Thik® 468; Mira-Thik® 469 thickener, dry mixes Cargill Tex 06231; Green Banana Powder Trogreen Trobana®; Insta*Starch® 10/70 SH; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Insta*Thick® G2X-10 Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ; National® 711 National® 740; National® 1215; Novation® 2700; Novation® 4600; Novation® 9270 Novation® 9460; Plantain Powder Trobana®; Redisol® 88; StabiTex 06330; Starco™ 447 2598

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Supercol® GF; Supercol® U; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 8200 Powder; TIC Pretested® Guarcel 201 Powd. TIC Pretested® GuarNT 3500 F Powder; TIC Pretested® GuarNT Bland 200 HV Powder; Ultra-Sperse® A; Ultra-Sperse® HV; UltraTex® 1 thickener, dry mixes: dairy prods. Ultra-Tex® 2000 thickener, dry mixes: gravies Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Tex® 2; Ultra-Tex® 2000 thickener, dry mixes: sauces Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Tex® 2; Ultra-Tex® 2000 thickener, dry mix foods Mira-Thik® 603; Mira-Thik® 606; UltraSperse® M thickener, dry mix gravies Instant Clearjel® thickener, dry mix sauces Instant Clearjel®; Novation® 6600 thickener, dry mix soups Melojel®; Novation® 6600 thickener, dry powd. mixes TIC Pretested® Action Gum 5000 Powder; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 6700 Powder thickener, dry pudding mixes Mira-Cleer® 187 thickener, dry sauces Fruitfil® 1 thickener, eggnog Aqualon® 7H0XF; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; DARILOID® thickener, egg prods. Manucol® JKT; Soda Phos (FG) thickener, emulsified meats Pure-Gel® B990 thickener, emulsion meats Purity® 90 thickener, emulsion: pet food Benecel® MP 843 thickener, emulsions TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd. thickener, entrees Insta*Thick® G2X-10 thickener, essential oils Arabinogalactan thickener, extruded snack foods Tapioca starch; TIstar Native Tapioca

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, fabricated food Konjac flour thickener, fabricated potato prods. Novation® 1600 thickener, fat creams Starch sodium octenyl succinate thickener, fat-free salad dressings TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S1 No Fat Powder thickener, fat-reduced foods Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel HS 73 thickener, fats/oils Propylene glycol alginate thickener, feeds Edicol® thickener, fermented milks Manucol® Ester ER/K thickener, filling creams Manucol® DH thickener, filling extrusion Mira-Set® 285 thickener, fillings Calcium acetate; Calcium glycerophosphate; Insta*Thick® X-10; Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Polydextrose thickener, fine-cuisine salads PROVImel® DN 10 thickener, firm jellies: confectionery Genu® 102AS thickener, fish burgers Novation® 6600 thickener, flans Furcelleran; Lactogel® FX 7351 thickener, flavor bases Arabinogalactan thickener, flavored cold dairy beverages Lactarin® MV 2066 thickener, flavored sauces Novation® 2700; Novation® 9270 thickener, flavor emulsions Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF thickener, flavor oils Gum ghatti thickener, flavors Liposorb L-20; Propylene glycol alginate; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd.

2599

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, flavor syrups Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium thickener, flour-based mixes Paygel® 290/295 thickener, food Ablunol S-20; Ablunol S-60; Ablunol S-80; Ablunol S-85; Acacia Acetylated distarch adipate; Acetylated distarch glycerol; Acetylated distarch phosphate; Acetylated oxidized starch; Agar Agnique GLY 96; Agnique GLY 99-U; Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505 Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705; Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405; Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805 Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985; Akucell® AF 3085; Algin; Alginic acid Aloe barbadensis extract; Aloe extract; Aluminum silicate; Ammonium alginate; Ammonium furcelleran Ammonium pectinate; AP™ 125; AP™ 135; AP™ 145; AP™ 150 Arabinogalactan; Bakels Thickener; Bakers yeast extract; Baker's yeast glycan; Benecel® Methylcellulose Benecel® MP 843; Calcium acetate; Calcium alginate; Calcium carboxymethyl cellulose; Calcium carrageenan Calcium chloride; Calcium furcelleran; Calcium gluconate; Calcium glycerophosphate; Calcium lactate Calcium stearate; Calcium Stearate 920-T; Calcium sulfate; Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Carboxymethylmethylcellulose; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; CarraVis™ Series; Cassia gum Cekol® 30; Cekol 150; Cekol® 300; Cekol® 500 T; Cekol® 700 Cekol® 2000; Cekol® 2000S; Cekol® 4000; Cekol® 10000; Cekol® 10000 I Cekol® 30000; Cekol® 50000; Cekol® 100000; Cellogen HP-5HS; Cellogen HP-6HS Cellogen HP-6HS.9; Cellogen HP-12HS; Cellogen HP-SB; Cellulose; Chemstat® G118/52 Chitin; Chitosan; CMC Daicel; Corn maltodextrin; Corn starch, waxy Corn syrup; Corn (Zea mays) starch; Coyote Brand Tara Gum; Coyote Stabilizer CKLX-MS; Coyote Brand Konjac A DARILOID®; Detergent CR; Dextran; Dextrin; Diagum LBG Distarch phosphate; Economix Gelatin; Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin; Emery® 917; Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Ferrous sulfate anhydrous; Food starch, modified; Frigex®-W; Furcelleran; Galactomannan Gelatin; Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268 Gelcarin® GP 4265; Gellan gum; GemGel 100; GemStar 100; GemStar 2000 GemStar 3000; GemStar 3000; Genugel® X902-02; Genuvisco®; Glyceryl stearate GRINDSTED®Xanthan SUPRA; Guar (Cyanopsis tetragonoloba) gum; Gum Arabic G-150 Powdered; Gum Arabic NF/FCC Clean Amber Sorts; Gum ghatti Gum ghatti; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Hodag® S35 K Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate; Hydrogenated tallow glyceride; Hydrolyzed oat flour; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl distarch glycerol Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl starch; Instant Thickener; Instant Textaid®-A Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Kelcogel® LT; Kelcosol®; KELGIN® F KELGIN® HV; KELGIN® LV; KELGIN® MV; KELGIN® XL; KELTONE® HV

2600

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® CR; Konjac flour; Lactogel® FX 7351 Lauryl betaine; Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S; Liposorb TS; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Malt extract; Maltrin® M050 D-Mannitol; Manucol® JKT; Manucol® LB; Manugel® C; Manugel® DJX Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GHB; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® L98; Manugel® PTJ Merezan® 8; Merezan® 20; Methocel® 310 Series; Methocel® A15C Premium; Methocel® A15LV Premium Methocel® E15 Food Grade; Methocel® E15LV; Methocel® F4M Premium; Methocel® J5MS; Methylcellulose Methyl ethyl cellulose; Meyprodor®; Meyprodyn 200®; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Monomuls® 90 O18 PH Multi-Kem HP-12HS; National® 1215; National® 1658; National® 4012; Niacet Calcium Acetate FCC Nissan Nonion CP-08R; Nissan Nonion LP20R, LP-20RS; Nissan Nonion OP-80R; Nissan Nonion OP-83RAT; Nissan Nonion OP-85R Nissan Nonion PP-40R; Nissan Nonion SP60R; Novation® 2700; Novation® 9270; NovaXan 200 Oat gum; Pationic® 1233; Pationic® 1240; Pationic® 1250; Paygel® 290/295 Pectin; Pectin, amidated; PEG-6 dilaurate; PEG-20 dilaurate; PEG-32 dilaurate PEG-75 dilaurate; PEG-150 dilaurate; PEG-4 dioleate; PEG-6 dioleate; PEG-20 dioleate PEG-32 dioleate; PEG-75 dioleate; PEG-150 dioleate; PEG-6 distearate; PEG-20 distearate PEG-32 distearate; PEG-75 distearate; PEG32 laurate; PEG-6 oleate; PEG-32 oleate PEG-75 oleate; PEG-6 stearate; PEG-32 stearate; PEG-75 stearate; PenCook® 50 Phosphated distarch phosphate; Polydextrose; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium alginate; Potassium carrageenan Potassium chloride; Potassium furcelleran; Potassium hydroxide; Potassium pectinate; Powdered Guar Gum Type A

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-150 Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-200; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-300; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-400; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-500; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; Pregel 10; Processed Euchema seaweed; Propylene glycol; Propylene glycol alginate PROVIgel® CSS 25; PROVIgel® CSS 30; PROVIgel® CSS 300; PROVIgel® CSS 330; PROVIgel® CSS 35 PROVIgel® DPC 6; PROVIgel® DPC 15; PROVIgel® DPG 1; PROVIgel® DPG 3; PROVIgel® DPG 5 PROVIgel® DPG 7; PROVIgel® DPG 9; PROVIgel® DPG 11; PROVIgel® EXC 25; PROVIgel® EXC 30 PROVIgel® EXC 35; PROVIgel® EXG 05; PROVIgel® EXG 10; PROVIgel® EXG 20; PROVIgel® EXG 40 PROVIgel® NAC 25; PROVIgel® NAC 30; PROVIgel® NAC 35; PROVIgel® NAG 753; PROVIgel® NAG 755 PROVIgel® NAG 903; PROVIgel® NAG 905; PROVIgel® NAT 201; PROVIgel® NAT 202; PROVIgel® NAT 203 PROVIgel® NAT 204; PROVIgel® TSS; Rennet; Rice flour; Sammi Gelatine Scogin™ HV; Scogin™ LV; Scogin™ MV; Silica; Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, enzymatically hydrolyzed Sodium carrageenan; Sodium furcelleran; Sodium lauryl sulfate; Sodium pectinate; Solka-Floc® Sorbitan myristate; Sorbitol; Sorbo®; Span® 20 Pharma; Span® 40 Span® 60; Span® 60 Pharma Powder; Span® 60K; Span® 65; Span® 65K Span® 85; Spray Dried Gum Arabic NF/FCC CS-R; Staley® 7350 Waxy No. 1 Starch; 2601

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Stamere® CK-S NF FCC; Stamere® N-325 NF FCC Stamere® N-350 NF FCC; Stamere® N-350 S NF FCC; Stamere® NI NF FCC; Starch acetate; Starch, bleached Starch, oxidized; Starch phosphate; Starch, pregelatinized; Starch sodium octenyl succinate; Struktol® Calcium Stearate Struktol® TR 016; Sunflower seed oil glyceride; Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601 Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Tannic acid Tapioca starch; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 19444 Powd.; TIC Pretested® CMC 2500 S TIC Pretested® Gum Guar 8/22 NF/FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd.; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC PH-2500 Powd. TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan 200 FCC/USP/NF Powd.; Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer) gum; Viscarin® BK 1761 Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-611; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) gluten; Wheat (Triticum vulgare) starch; Xanthan gum Xylitol; Zeothix® 265 thickener, food batters Kelvis® thickener, food defoamers Sodium polyacrylate thickener, food mixes Octenylsuccinic anhydride thickener, food processing Protector Gelatin thickener, food service dressings Kelgum® 331 thickener, food specialties Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FGAX-P Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, fresh fruit fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 thickener, fried chicken dogs Citri-Fi® 200 thickener, fried foods Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder thickener, fried puffed foods National® 5730 thickener, frostings Algin; Ammonium alginate; Benecel® MP 843; Corn maltodextrin; Polydextrose Prejel™ VA 70 S AGGL thickener, frozen dairy desserts Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Polydextrose thickener, frozen desserts Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085; Bakers yeast extract; Baker's yeast glycan; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Hodag® S-35 K Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Keltrol® 521; Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S Oat gum; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681

2602

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, frozen entrees Cargill Tex 06201; Cargill Tex 06231; Tenderfil® 8 thickener, frozen fillings Tenderfil® 428 thickener, frozen foods Actoloid® 665; Frigex®-W; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; H-50 Instant Clearjel®; Instant Pure-Flo® F; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF; National® 711; National® 740; National® 1658; Perma-Flo® PolarTex 05734; PROVImel® DN 15; PureGel® B980; Pure-Gel® B990; Pure-Gel® B992 Pure-Gel® B994; Pure-Gel® B996; Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663 Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AX-P; Tenderfil® 8; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd.; TIstar D; Ultra-Tex® 1; Ultra-Tex® 2 thickener, frozen fruit fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 thickener, frozen fruit pies Maxi-Gel® 542 thickener, frozen meat gravies Nustar® thickener, frozen meat pies Nustar® thickener, frozen novelties Kelgum® 100 thickener, frozen pie fillings Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 thickener, frozen pies Lo-Temp® 588 thickener, frozen pops TIC Pretested® Guarcel 201 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Guarcel 402 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 X Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Powder

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, frozen sauces CreamTex™ 75720; Freezist® M; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd. thickener, frozen soups CreamTex™ 75720 thickener, frozen vegetables Potassium hydroxide thickener, fruit beverages Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Manucol® Ester ER/K; Ticaxan® Regular TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15 Fine Powder thickener, fruit dips Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum thickener, fruit-filled snack bars TIC Pretested® TICA-algin 1500 Powder thickener, fruit fillings Cargill Tex 06201; Insta*Starch® 10/70 SH; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Lo-Temp® 588; Manugel® L98 Manugel® PTB; Manugel® PTJA; MiraCleer® 340; National® 104; PolarTex 05732 PolarTex 05733; PolarTex 05734; PolarTex 06740; Purity® HPC thickener, fruit gels Purity® D thickener, fruit juices Algin; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd.; Tylopur® CB 30000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 thickener, fruit piece extrusion Mira-Set® 285 thickener, fruit pie fillings Actoloid® 665; Freezist® M; Methylcellulose; Mira-Thik® 468; MiraThik® 603 Nustar®; Pure-Gel® B980; Pure-Gel® B990; Pure-Gel® B992; Pure-Gel® B994 Pure-Gel® B996; Ultra-Sperse® 5; UltraTex® 2 thickener, fruit pies Maxi-Gel® 445; Maximaize® DJ thickener, fruit preps. Frigex®-W; Genu® 18CG; Keltrol® 521; PROVImel® NT 631; Remygel 663 thickener, fruit puddings Tenderfil® 473A thickener, fruit purees Tenderfil® 9

2603

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, fruits Glyceryl stearate thickener, fruit soups PROVImel® NT 631 thickener, fruit spreads Genu® 18CG; Genu® 22CG; Genu® 102AS thickener, fruit syrups PROVImel® NT 611; PROVImel® NT 631; TIC Pretested® Colloid 775 Powder thickener, fruit toppings Insta*Starch® 10/70 SH; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Keltrol® RD 576 thickener, fruit yogurt Genu® 12CG; Genu® 18CG thickener, fudge toppings DARILOID® thickener, functional foods TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland 200 HV Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar VLV Powd.; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. thickener, gelatin Algin; Ammonium alginate; Calcium acetate; Calcium glycerophosphate; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Polydextrose; Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol alginate thickener, gelled confectionery Kelgum® thickener, gelled meat prods. Furcelleran thickener, gels Kelgum® thickener, glaze mixes Corn maltodextrin thickener, glazes Gum ghatti; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB; Manugel® L98 Mira-Thik® 469; Rezista®; TIstar A; UltraSperse® 5; Ultra-Tex® 2 thickener, gravies Actoloid® 665; Buffalo® Corn Starch; CanFil®; Cargill Tex 06201; Cargill Tex 06231 Curdlan; Freezist® M; Gelcarin® GP-379NF; Instant Pure-Flo® F; Insta*Starch® 10/70 SH Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Gum, Food Grade; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Kelgum® 87 Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF; MaxiGel® 445; Maximaize® DJ Melojel®; Midsol™ 46; Mira-Cleer® 187; Mira-Thik® 469; Mira-Thik® 606 National® 77-1744; National® 150; National® 740; National® 1545; National® 6912 Novation® 2700; Novation® 4600; Novation® 9270; Novation® 9460; Paygel® 290/295 Perma-Flo®; PolarTex 05732; PolarTex 05733; PolarTex 06740; Propylene glycol alginate Pure-Dent® B700 NF; Pure-Gel® B980; Pure-Gel® B990; Pure-Gel® B992; PureGel® B994 Pure-Gel® B996; Purity® NCS; Redisol® 248; StabiTex 06330; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624 Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); Tenderfil® 8; Tenderfil® 9; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 5000 Powder TIC Pretested® Action Gum 6700 Powder; TIC Pretested® Caragum 200; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD; TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® GuarNT 3500 F Powder TIC Pretested® GuarNT Bland 200 HV Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland 200 HV Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland Fine Mesh Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth 200; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth Powder TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Locust Bean Gum Powder; TIstar A; TIstar D; Tylopur® C 10000 P2; UltraGuar™ Xanthan gum; Xanthan gum thickener, gravies: canned pet foods Aqualon® 7H4F 2604

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, gravies: dry pet foods Aqualon® 7H4XF thickener, gravy mixes Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Cargill TexInstant™ 12604; Fruitfil® 1 thickener, growing children foods Starch sodium octenyl succinate thickener, gums Glucidex 2 thickener, half & half Soda Phos (FG) thickener, ham prods. Pure-Gel® B990 thickener, hard candy Algin thickener, hard/soft candy Polydextrose thickener, heavy-bodied salad dressing Ultra-Sperse® SR thickener, high-acid foods Maxi-Gel® 7776; Purity® HPC thickener, high brix syrups Actogel 1315 thickener, high-clarity gums C*ClearSet thickener, high-quality food prods. StabiTex-Instant™ 12624 thickener, high-salt food TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Salt Tolerant Powder thickener, high-solids fillings Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ thickener, high-solids systems National® 104 thickener, honey Trehalose thickener, hot cocoa mixes TIC Pretested® Guarcel 302 Powder; TIC Pretested® GuarNT 3500 F Powder; TIC Pretested® GuarNT Bland 200 HV Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland 200 HV Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland Fine Mesh Powd. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder thickener, hot dogs PolarTex 05732; Purity® 90 thickener, hot-filled dairy desserts Lactogel® FX 7351

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, hot-filled foods PolarTex 05734 thickener, hot-prepared fruit fillings Prejel™ VA 70 S AGGL thickener, hot sauces TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Salt Tolerant Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth 200 thickener, hot-water dispersed dry mixes Mira-Sperse® 623; Mira-Sperse® 626 thickener, ice cream Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605; Akucell® AF 1705 Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205; Akucell® AF 2405 Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982; Akucell® AF 2985 Akucell® AF 3085; Algin; Ammonium alginate; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; DARILOID® Glyceryl stearate; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Kelgum® 100; Kelgum® XK9; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Manucol® DM; Potassium hydroxide Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200; Soda Phos (FG); Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601 Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-611 Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 thickener, ice cream toppings Mira-Cleer® 187 thickener, ice lollies Alginade® DC thickener, ice milk DARILOID®

2605

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, icing Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Liposorb L-20; Liposorb S Melojel®; Redisol® 78D; Redisol® 88; Redisol® 412; Starco™ 447 thickener, imitation dairy prods. Perma-Flo® thickener, infant foods Fruitfil® 1 thickener, infant formulas Potassium chloride thickener, infant-weaning foods Starch sodium octenyl succinate thickener, instant aerated desserts Genulacta® CSM-2 thickener, instant: baby foods Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12410 thickener, instant bakery cream Eliane™ BC 160 thickener, instant: bakery mixes Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12410 thickener, instant beverage mixes TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Salt Tolerant Powder thickener, instant beverages TIC Pretested® Guarcel 201 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; UltraGuar™ thickener, instant: cake mixes Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12410 thickener, instant cocoa TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder thickener, instant cook-up foods Resistamyl 310 thickener, instant cream-style soups Ultra-Tex® 2000 thickener, instant desserts Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Farinex WM 55; Keltrol® 521; Prejel™ VA 70 S AGGL thickener, instant: dressings PolarTex-Instant 12641 thickener, instant drinks Lacticol® CFT thickener, instant dry mixes Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC thickener, instant foods Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Novation® 4600; Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC; Novation® 9460

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Redisol® 88; Stamere® CK NF FCC; Starco™ 447; Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Tex® 1 Ultra-Tex® 2; Ultra-Tex® 4; Ultra-Tex® 2000 thickener, instant fruit fillings Eliane™ BC 140 thickener, instant fruit fillings: baked goods National® 711 thickener, instant fruit pie fillings Instant Clearjel® thickener, instant: fruit pies PolarTex-Instant 12641 thickener, instant gravies Gelatinized Dura-Jel®; H-50; National® 711; National® 1215; National® 5717 Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; Ultra-Sperse®; Ultra-Sperse® A Ultra-Sperse® M thickener, instant gravy dry mixes IF-131; Ultra-Sperse® HV thickener, instant: gravy mixes PolarTex-Instant 12641 thickener, instant mousses Lacticol® CFT; Manucol® JKT; Manugel® L98 thickener, instant pastry fillings H-50; PolarTex-Instant 12641 thickener, instant pie fillings Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604 thickener, instant puddings Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Cargill TexInstant™ 12604; Gelatinized Dura-Jel®; H50; Hi-Jel™ S Instant Pure-Flo® F; Lacticol® CFT; Lacticol® F336; Manucol® DH; Manucol® JKT MANUCOL® SMF; Manugel® L98; National® 1215; Paselli™ EZ 2909; Purity® HO Redisol® 412; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624; TIC Pretested® Colloid 775 Powder thickener, instant: puddings PolarTex-Instant 12641 thickener, instant salad dressings Ultra-Sperse® M thickener, instant sauce dry mixes Ultra-Sperse® HV thickener, instant sauce mixes Gelatinized Dura-Jel®; PolarTex-Instant 12641

2606

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, instant sauces IF-131; National® 711; National® 1215; Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; Ultra-Sperse® A; Ultra-Sperse® M thickener, instant soup dry mixes Ultra-Sperse® HV thickener, instant soup mixes TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder thickener, instant soups H-50; IF-131; Instant Textaid®-A; National® 711; National® 1215 Novation® 5600; Novation® 5600-OC; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder; Ultra-Sperse®; Ultra-Sperse® A Ultra-Sperse® M thickener, instant water jelly Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB; Manugel® L98 thickener, Italian meatballs Citri-Fi® 200 thickener, Italian sausages Citri-Fi® 100 thickener, jams Ammonium alginate; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; Farinex™ T 440; Furcelleran; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Pectin; Pectin, amidated; Potassium acid tartrate; Propylene glycol alginate; Xanthan gum Xanthan gum thickener, jellies Ammonium alginate; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; Furcelleran; Glucidex 2; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum Pectin; Pectin, amidated; Propylene glycol alginate thickener, jelly candy mfg. Mira-Set® 285 thickener, juice drinks Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF thickener, juice flavor emulsions Keltrol® BT thickener, juices Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-611 thickener, ketchup Meyprogen®-MS®; PROVImel® DN 15 thickener, licorice Purity® NCS thickener, light processing food systems StabiTex 06330 thickener, liquid formulations Green Banana Powder Trogreen Trobana®; Plantain Powder Trobana® thickener, low-acid foods Consista®; Fruitfil® 1; Mira-Cleer® 187; National® 740; Purity® HO thickener, low-calorie bakery pie fillings Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 thickener, low-calorie foods Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder thickener, low-calorie/low-fat foods TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth Powder thickener, low-calorie syrups Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M) thickener, low-fat butter Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P thickener, low-fat foods Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 thickener, low-fat margarine Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P thickener, low-fat meats Purity® 90 thickener, low-fat/nonfat foods TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder thickener, low-pH foods Maxi-Gel® 617; Mira-Cleer® 340 2607

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, low-solids syrups Benecel® MP 824 thickener, low-sugar foods Mira-Sperse® 623; Mira-Sperse® 626 thickener, margarine Glyceryl stearate SE; Span® 65; Span® 65K thickener, marinades Keltrol® HP 594; TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD; TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® GuarNT 3500 F Powder; TIC Pretested® GuarNT Bland 200 HV Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland 200 HV Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland Fine Mesh Powd.; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Colloid 886 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Guar Gum 3500 F Powder thickener, marshmallows Glucidex 2 thickener, marshmallow toppings Aqualon® 7MF thickener, mayonnaise Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Pectin, amidated; Protanal Ester SD-H; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder thickener, meat Konjac flour; Manugel® DMB; Novation® 6600; Nutrifos® 100; Powdered Guar Gum Type A Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Soda Phos (FG); TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Guar Gum 3500 F Powder thickener, meat binders Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 thickener, meat patties Binasol™ 81 thickener, meat prods. Consista®; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Purity® 90 thickener, meat sauces Homecraft™ Create 765; Paygel® 290/295 thickener, meringues Manucol® Ester M; Methyl ethyl cellulose; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder thickener, microwavable cheese sauces Ultra-Tex® 2000 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, microwavable foods Mira-Thik® 468; Mira-Thik® 469; Mira-Thik® 603; TIstar P thickener, microwavable reconstituted foods Ultra-Tex® 1 thickener, microwavable sauces Ultra-Tex® 4; Ultra-Sperse® SR thickener, mildly acidic foods Mira-Sperse® 626; Mira-Thik® 469; MiraThik® 606 thickener, milk TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 366-THK thickener, milk applics. Lactarin® MV 2066 thickener, milk-based desserts Lacticol® F616 thickener, milk-gel instant puddings Redisol® 248 thickener, milk prods. Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus); Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; Keltrol® 521 Lacticol® F336; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 875; Xanthan gum; Xanthan gum thickener, milk puddings Furcelleran thickener, milk shake powders Concentrated DARILOID® XL thickener, milk shakes Kelgum® XK9; Lacticol® CFT; TIC Pretested® Colloid 775 Powder thickener, moderate processing food systems StabiTex 06330 thickener, moderate to severe processing: food PolarTex 06740 thickener, molding starches C*CleanSet thickener, mousse Benecel® MP 843 thickener, mustard/mint sauces Manucol® Ester M thickener, natural cheeses OptaGrade®; OptaMist® thickener, natural: food Glucosamine; Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) extract; Tara gum thickener, neutral acid foods Fruitfil® 1

2608

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, neutral food systems Homecraft™ Create 730; Homecraft™ Create 765; Homecraft™ Express 760; Maxi-Gel® 445; Mira-Cleer® 187 Mira-Sperse® 626; Mira-Thik® 469; MiraThik® 606; Perma-Flo® thickener, neutral pH foods Gelatinized Dura-Jel®; Mira-Cleer® 340 thickener, neutral sauces CreamTex™ 75720 thickener, nonbaked refrigerated desserts Redisol® 412 thickener, noncarbonated beverages TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticalose® CMC 2500 X Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Powder thickener, nonfat frozen desserts Kelgum® 87 thickener, nonfat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 thickener, nonnutritive sweeteners Arabinogalactan thickener, nonstandardized dressings Arabinogalactan thickener, noodles Kelnoodlizer®; Kelvis®; Purity® 90; TIstar A thickener, no-oil processed foods Mira-Sperse® 623; Mira-Sperse® 626 thickener, novelty water bars Kelgum® 87 thickener, nutraceutical beverages TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd. thickener, nutritional bars Citri-Fi® 100 thickener, nutritional beverages Corn maltodextrin; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum thickener, nutritional prods. PROVIgel® GSS 5; PROVIgel® GSS 6; PROVIgel® GSS 7; PROVIgel® GSS 8; PROVIgel® GSS 9 PROVIgel® GSS 10; PROVIgel® GSS 11 thickener, nuts Glyceryl stearate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, oil-contg. sauces PROVImel® DN 11 thickener, oils Hydroxypropylcellulose thickener, organic foods Novation® 5600-OC; Novation® 9270; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Arabic Spray Dry Powd. thickener, Oriental foods Cargill Tex 06231; Nustar®; StabiTex 06330 thickener, particulate ingreds.: canned foods National® 150; National® 1545; National® 6912 thickener, pasta Dextrin; Whetpro®-75 thickener, pasteurized liquid egg preps. Kelgum® 87 thickener, pasteurized processed cheese prods. Kelgum® 87 thickener, pasteurized prods. Novation® 1600 thickener, pastries Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200 thickener, pastry fillings Mira-Thik® 469; National® 740; National® 1658; Ultra-Sperse® 5; Ultra-Tex® 2 thickener, peanut butter Glyceryl stearate; Hydrogenated rapeseed oil thickener, pet canned foods Cargill Tex 06201 thickener, pet food brawns Manugel® GMB thickener, pet food gelling applics. TIC Pretested® Ticagel® AF-1408 Powder thickener, pet foods Can-Fil®; Coyote Stabilizer CKLX-MS; Gellan gum; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB Multi-Kem FG 30-40X; Multi-Kem FG 30-70; Multi-Kem FG 60-30; Multi-Kem FG 60-50; Multi-Kem FG 60-70 National® 77-1744; National® 150; National® 1545; National® 4012; National® 5730 National® 6912; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder; Whetpro®-75 thickener, pickle relishes Aqualon® 7H3SF; Mira-Thik® 468

2609

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, pickles Liposorb L-20 thickener, pie fillings Aqualon® 7H0F; Aqualon® 7H3SF; Benecel® MP 874; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; DARILOID® Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T; Keltrol® TF Lacticol® F616; Locust Bean Gum Type A100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Maximaize® HV Midsol™ 46; Perma-Flo®; PolarTex 05732; Redisol® 88; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624 Tapioca starch; Tenderfil® 8; Tenderfil® 428; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® TICA-algin 1500 Powder thickener, pies Citri-Fi® 100; Citri-Fi® 200; Freezist® M; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum thickener, pizza crusts Citri-Fi® 100 thickener, pizza dough Dextrin thickener, pizza/frozen dough TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder thickener, potato prods. Manucol® DMF; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB; Novation® 6600 thickener, poultry Malt extract; Nutrifos® 100; Potassium hydroxide; Soda Phos (FG); Xanthan gum Xanthan gum; Xanthan gum thickener, poultry loaves PolarTex 05732 thickener, poultry pieces Textureze™ MT 200 thickener, pourable dressings Keltrol® HP; Manucol® Ester M thickener, pourable salad dressings Mira-Thik® 468; Mira-Thik® 603 thickener, powdered sauces Eliane™ 100 thickener, powdered soups Eliane™ 100 thickener, pregelatinized: bakery mixes PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12643; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620; StabiTexInstant™ 12625 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, pregelatinized: batter mixes StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 thickener, pregelatinized: cake mixes PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12643; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620; StabiTexInstant™ 12625 thickener, pregelatinized: cheese sauces PolarTex-Instant 12640 thickener, pregelatinized: custard fillings PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12643 thickener, pregelatinized: food PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12643; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620; StabiTexInstant™ 12625 thickener, pregelatinized: fresh fruit fillings StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 thickener, pregelatinized: frozen fruit fillings StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 thickener, pregelatinized: fruit fillings StabiTex-Instant™ 12620 thickener, pregelatinized: gravies StabiTex-Instant™ 12620 thickener, pregelatinized: gravy mixes PolarTex-Instant 12640; StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 thickener, pregelatinized: instant puddings PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12643; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620; StabiTexInstant™ 12625 thickener, pregelatinized: muffins PolarTex-Instant 12643 thickener, pregelatinized: pie fillings PolarTex-Instant 12640; PolarTex-Instant 12643; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620; StabiTexInstant™ 12625 thickener, pregelatinized: quick breads PolarTex-Instant 12643 thickener, pregelatinized: sauce mixes PolarTex-Instant 12640; StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 thickener, pregelatinized: sauces PolarTex-Instant 12643; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620 thickener, pregelatinized: soup mixes PolarTex-Instant 12640; StabiTex-Instant™ 12625 thickener, pregelatinized: soups PolarTex-Instant 12643; StabiTex-Instant™ 12620

2610

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, preserves Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P thickener, processed cheeses Kelgum® GFS; Manucol® DH; OptaGrade®; OptaMist®; Soda Phos (FG) thickener, processed foods Agar; Mira-Thik® 603; Mira-Thik® 606; Nustar®; PROVImel® DN 15 thickener, processed gravies Purity® Cloud thickener, processed meats Novation® 1600; Nutrifos® 100 thickener, protein drinks TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 875 thickener, protein-matrix foods Purity® 90; Purity® 90 thickener, protein shakes TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 875 thickener, pudding dry mixes Kelgum® 87 thickener, pudding mixes Arabinogalactan thickener, puddings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Buffalo® Corn Starch; Calcium glycerophosphate; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Coyote Stabilizer CS-DK DARILOID®; Frigex®-W; Glyceryl stearate; Insta*Starch® 10/70 SH; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX Kelcosol®; KELTONE® HV; KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Maxi-Gel® 542; Melojel®; Mira-Thik® 469 National® 740; Novation® 2700; Novation® 9270; Perma-Flo®; Potassium acid tartrate Propylene glycol alginate; Redisol® 88; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); Starco™ 447; Tenderfil® 9 TIC Pretested® Colloid 710 H Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 875; TIstar C; TIstar Pearls thickener, puddings: aseptically processed National® 1658; National® 4012 thickener, pulpy textures Binasol™ 81; Binasol™ 90C Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, ready-made meals PROVImel® DN 11; PROVImel® DN 14 thickener, ready-to-serve meals PROVImel® DN 10 thickener, ready-to-spread frostings Genu® 20AS; Genu® 104AS thickener, reduced-calorie beverages Aqualon® 7H0F thickener, reduced-calorie cocoa mixes Aqualon® 7H3SXF; Aqualon® 9M8XF thickener, reduced-calorie foods Polydextrose; Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel WFG HS 73 thickener, reduced-fat foods Vitacel® Wheat Fiber Gel WFG HS 73 thickener, reduced-fat spreads Kelcogel® LT thickener, refrigerated doughs Ticaxan® Regular thickener, refrigerated entrees Cargill Tex 06231 thickener, refrigerated foods H-50; Instant Clearjel®; Instant Pure-Flo® F; National® 711; National® 740 National® 1658; PolarTex 05734; TIstar D; Ultra-Tex® 1; Ultra-Tex® 2 thickener, refrigerated omelets TIC Pretested® Colloid 775 Powder thickener, relishes Binasol™ 81; Binasol™ 90C; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum Insta*Thick® X-10; Insta*Thick® X-10; Keltrol® 521; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD 576; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF Keltrol® T; Keltrol® T 622; Keltrol® TF; Purity® HPC; Ticaxan® Regular TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powd.; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Ticaxan® Xanthan ST Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Clear Powder TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Salt Tolerant Powder

2611

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, restructured meat prods. Textureze™ MT 200 thickener, retorted foods Clearjel®; Frigex®-W; National® 740; National® 1658; PolarTex 05734 Purity® HPC thickener, rolls Citri-Fi® 100 thickener, salad compds. Meyprogen®-MS® thickener, salad creams PROVImel® DN 10 thickener, salad dressing emulsions TIC Pretested® Aragum® T-1998 Powder thickener, salad dressing mixes Aqualon® 9H4XF; Aqualon® 9M31XF thickener, salad dressings Bakers yeast extract; Baker's yeast glycan; Benecel® MP 643; Benecel® MP 824; Benecel® MP 874 Benecel® MP 943; Edicol®; Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Insta*Thick® G2X-10 Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade Kelgum® 87; Liposorb L-20; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 National® 5717; PolarTex 06740; Polydextrose; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium PROVImel® DN 14; Pure-Dent® B700 NF; Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr; Remyline FG-AX-P; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); Tabulose® SC-580 Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681 Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 5000 Powder; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 6700 Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd.; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticaxan® Smooth Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® CM-Xanthan Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth 200 TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® Xanthan Smooth Powder; Ultra-Tex® 4; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612 Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Xanthan gum; Xanthan gum thickener, salad mayonnaise PROVImel® DN 10 thickener, salads TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Guar Gum 3500 F Powder thickener, salsas Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10 Keltrol® 521; Keltrol® RD 576 thickener, sauce mixes Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Cargill TexInstant™ 12604; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose thickener, sauces Actoloid® 665; Akucell® AF 0305; Akucell® AF 0705; Akucell® AF 1505; Akucell® AF 1605 Akucell® AF 1705; Akucell® AF 1985; Akucell® AF 2085; Akucell® AF 2085F; Akucell® AF 2205 Akucell® AF 2405; Akucell® AF 2782; Akucell® AF 2785; Akucell® AF 2805; Akucell® AF 2982 Akucell® AF 2985; Akucell® AF 3085; Algin; Ammonium alginate; Binasol™ 81

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Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Binasol™ 90C; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Buffalo® Corn Starch; Calcium acetate; Cargill Tex 06201 Cargill Tex 06231; Freezist® M; Gumixan K; Gumixan KF; Gum Tragacanth Ribbons and Flakes Hi-Jel™ S; Instant Textaid®-A; Insta*Starch® 10/70 SH; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Insta*Thick® G2X10; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® Locust Bean Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10 Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Kelcogel® LT; Kelcosol®; Kelgum® 331; KELTONE® HV KELTONE® LVNF; Keltrol® 521; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT; Keltrol® GM Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® HP 594; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® TF; Kelvis®; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 Maxi-Gel® 445; Maximaize® DJ; Maximaize® HV; Melojel®; Meyprogen®MS® Midsol™ 46; Mira-Thik® 469; Mira-Thik® 606; National® 740; National® 5717 Novation® 2700; Novation® 4600; Novation® 9270; Novation® 9460; Nustar® Perma-Flo®; PolarTex 05732; PolarTex 06740; Powdered Gum Tragacanth BP; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-1 NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type B-12 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type C-5 NF; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G1 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type G-2S NF Premium Powdered Gum Tragacanth Type M-3 NF Premium; Prime Alignate F-25; PROVImel® DN 10; PROVImel® DN 11; PROVImel® DN 14 PROVImel® DN 15; Pure-Gel® B980; PureGel® B990; Pure-Gel® B992; Pure-Gel® B994 Pure-Gel® B996; Purity® HPC; Purity® NCS; Purity® Cloud; Redisol® 248 Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Remyline FG-AX-P; StabiTex 06330; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); Tenderfil® 8 Tenderfil® 9; Ticaxan® Regular; TIC Pretested® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Caragum 200; TIC Pretested® Caragum 300 2473 Powd. TIC Pretested® Dairyblend 850-GRD; TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® GuarNT 3500 F Powder; TIC Pretested® GuarNT Bland 200 HV Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland 200 HV Powd. TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland Fine Mesh Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar TICOLV FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Colloid 886 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder TIC Pretested® Tara Gum 100; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 102 S Mayo Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 412 Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticaxan® CM-Xanthan Powd.; TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Guar Gum 3500 F Powder TIC Pretested® TICorganic™ Locust Bean Gum Powder; TIstar D; Tylopur® C 10000 P2; UltraGuar™; Ultra-Tex® 1 Xanthan gum; Xanthan gum thickener, sauce/salad fillings Citri-Fi® 200 thickener, sausage casings Span® 85 thickener, sausages Citri-Fi® 200; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Paygel® 290/295; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 thickener, savory dips Lacticol® CFT thickener, seafood Nutrifos® 100; Soda Phos (FG); Trehalose thickener, seasonings Propylene glycol alginate thickener, severe processing systems Mira-Sperse® 623; Mira-Thik® 603 thickener, sherbets Kelgum® 100; TIC Pretested® Guarcel 402 Powd. thickener, shortening Glyceryl stearate; Glyceryl stearate SE; Hodag® S-35 K; Span® 65; Span® 65K 2613

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, sl. acidic foods Maxi-Gel® 445 thickener, snack dips Bakers yeast extract; Redisol® 248 thickener, snack foods Dextrin; National® 5730; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624 thickener, soft candy Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum thickener, soft cheeses Gum Guar Type M Powdered; Gum Guar Type MM Powdered (HV); Gum Guar Type MM Powdered; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 thickener, soft drinks Acacia; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; Corn syrup; Gum ghatti; Potassium hydroxide Silica thickener, softer reversible gels Manucol® DM; Manucol® DMF; Manucol® LB thickener, soft-serve frozen desserts DARILOID® thickener, sorbets Kelgum® 100; Kelgum® XK9; TIC Pretested® Guarcel 402 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder thickener, souffles TIstar Pearls thickener, soup mixes Alginic acid; Cargill Gel-Instant™ 12030; Corn maltodextrin; Redisol® 88; Starco™ 447 thickener, soups Actoloid® 665; Alginic acid; Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Buffalo® Corn Starch; Can-Fil® Cargill Tex 06201; Cargill Tex-Instant™ 12604; Carrageenan (Chondrus crispus) extract; Edicol®; Freezist® M Fruitfil® 1; Homecraft™ Create 765; Insta*Starch® 10/70 SH; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Insta*Thick® G2X-10 Insta*Thick® X-10; Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum, Food Grade; Locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum; Maximaize® DJ; Maximaize® HV Meyprogen®-MS®; Midsol™ 46; Mira-Thik® 469; National® 77-1744; National® 150 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

National® 740; National® 1545; National® 6912; National® Frigex HV; Novation® 2700 Novation® 9270; Nustar®; Paygel® 290/295; PolarTex 05732; PolarTex 06740 PROVImel® DN 10; PROVImel® DN 11; PROVImel® DN 14; Pure-Gel® B980; PureGel® B990 Pure-Gel® B992; Pure-Gel® B994; PureGel® B996; Purity® HPC; Purity® Cloud Remygel 14-552; Remygel 14-552-P; Remygel 663; Remygel 663-B-P; Remyline AX-Dr Remyline FG-AX-P; StabiTex 06330; StabiTex-Instant™ 12624; Tenderfil® 8; Tenderfil® 9 TIC Pretested® Caragum 200; TIC Pretested® GuarNT 3500 F Powder; TIC Pretested® GuarNT Bland 200 HV Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland 200 HV Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Guar Bland Fine Mesh Powd. TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Action Gum 1144 Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Guar Gum 8/24 Powder; TIC Pretested® Tara Gum 100; TIstar A; TIstar D Tylopur® C 10000 P2; UltraGuar™ thickener, sour cream Baker's yeast glycan; Kelgum® GFS; OptaGrade®; OptaMist®; TIC Pretested® Ticaloid® 875 thickener, sour cream prods. Bakers yeast extract thickener, sour milk drinks Tylopur® CB 30000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 thickener, soya burgers Novation® 6600 thickener, special dietary uses Xylitol thickener, specialty items Clearjel®; Clearjel® S; TIstar Pearls thickener, spoonable dressings Keltrol® HP thickener, spoonable salad dressings Mira-Thik® 468; Mira-Thik® 603 thickener, spray-drying flavors TIstar Dextrin D-400 thickener, spreads Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Redisol® 88; Redisol® 248; Starco™ 447 thickener, stew gravies Maximaize® HV 2614

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, stews Can-Fil®; Mira-Cleer® 187; National® 771744; National® 150; National® 1545 National® 6912; Purity® NCS; Purity® Cloud; Staley® Pure Food Powd. (PFP); Xanthan gum Xanthan gum; Xanthan gum thickener, strong gel foods Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB thickener, structured anchovies Manugel® GMB thickener, structured fish prods. Manucol® DMF; Manugel® DJX; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GHB; Manugel® GMB thickener, structured glacé fruits Manucol® JKT; Manugel® C; Manugel® JKB; Manugel® PTJ thickener, structured meat prods. Manugel® DJX; Manugel® GHB; Manugel® GMB thickener, structured peppers Manugel® GMB thickener, structured vegs. Manugel® GMB thickener, stuffed meat prods. Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Locust Bean Gum Speckless Type D-200; Powdered Locust Bean Gum Type D-200 thickener, sugar-free drink mixes Corn maltodextrin thickener, sugar-free fruit preps. Eridex 16952; Eridex 16955 thickener, surface-active: food Klucel® 'F' Grades thickener, surimi Konjac flour; PolarTex 05732 thickener, sweetmeats Koster Keunen Synthetic Spermaceti thickener, syrups Aqualon® 9M31F; Benecel® MP 843; Calcium acetate; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Gumixan K Gumixan KF; Kelgum® 87; Keltrol® 521; Keltrol® 1000; Keltrol® BT Keltrol® GM; Keltrol® HP; Keltrol® RD; Keltrol® SF; Keltrol® T Keltrol® T 622; Keltrol® TF; TIC Pretested® Colloid 710 H Powder; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Ticalose® CMC 6000 Powder thickener, table syrups Aqualon® 7LF; Aqualon® 9M8F; Soda Phos (FG) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

thickener, table toppings Soda Phos (FG) thickener, tart fruit pie fillings Rezista® thickener, toffees Glucidex 2 thickener, tomato prods. Apple fiber; Manugel® DMB; Manugel® GMB thickener, tomato sauces Binasol™ 81; Cargill Tex 06201; MiraCleer® 340; PolarTex 05733; PolarTex 06740 thickener, toppings Algin; Ammonium alginate; Calcium acetate; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; Genu® 20AS Genu® 104AS; Instant Textaid®-A; Insta*Thick® CMC 7LXF; Insta*Thick® CMC (9M); Insta*Thick® G2X-10 Insta*Thick® X-10; Karaya (Sterculia urens) gum; PolarTex 05734; Redisol® 78D thickener, toppings: bakery industry Genu® 12CG thickener, topping syrups Manucol® Ester M thickener, tortillas Citri-Fi® 100 thickener, Turkish paste Melojel® thickener, turnover fillings National® 5717; Ultra-Sperse® M; UltraTex® 4 thickener, vanilla flavors Malt extract thickener, variegated syrups DARILOID® thickener, variegated syrups: bakery industry Genu® 12CG; Genu® 20AS; Genu® 104AS thickener, vegetable/fruit purees TIstar C thickener, vegetable juices Tylopur® CB 30000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 thickener, vegetable purees Tenderfil® 9 thickener, vegetables Manugel® DMB; Soda Phos (FG) thickener, vegetarian burgers Novation® 6600 thickener, vegetarian patties Konjac flour 2615

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference thickener, vinaigrette dressings Keltrol® T 622 thickener, vitamin tablets Hydroxypropylcellulose thickener, water Gelcarin® DG 3252; Gelcarin® DG 5262; Gelcarin® DG 5264; Gelcarin® DX 4268; Gelcarin® GP 4265 Lactarin® MV 2066; Lactogel® FX 7351; Viscarin® BK 1761 thickener, whey Soda Phos (FG) thickener, whipped toppings Blanver's Best™ Cellulose Gel; Glyceryl stearate; Hodag® S-35 K; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Liposorb L-20 Liposorb S; Methyl ethyl cellulose thickener, whipping cream Alginade® DC; Concentrated DARILOID® XL; DARILOID®; Kelgum® 100 thickener, yogurt Pectin, amidated; Tylopur® CB 30000 G1; Tylopur® CB 30000 P2 thickener, yogurt dry mixes Kelgum® 87 thickener, yogurt fruit Genu® 22CG; Genu® 102AS; Manucol® Ester M thickener, yogurt fruit bases Rezista® thixotrope Celish® thixotrope, food Zeothix® 265 thixotrope, fruit glazes Grindsted™ PECTIN LC 700 thixotrope, fruit preps. Grindsted™ PECTIN LC 700 thixotrope, fruits: yogurt preps. Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 310; Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 450 thixotrope, high-sugar/low-sugar jams Grindsted™ PECTIN LC 700 thixotrope, high-sugar/low-sugar jams/jellies Grindsted™ PECTIN LC 700 thixotrope, ice cream Grindsted™ PECTIN LC 700 thixotrope, yogurt Grindsted™ PECTIN LC 700 γ-tocopherol source, nutritional supplements Covi-Ox® T-90

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

tonic Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) extract; Meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria) extract toughness extender, clear coat batters PenBind® 123 trace metal scavenger Anhydrous Citric Acid tracer oil, butter Glyceryl trienanthate; Special Oil 107 UV absorber, food Oryzanol; Protachem™ OMC vanillin fortifier Ethyl vanillin vanillin substitute Ethyl vanillin vegetable oil substitute, processed: batter mixes Viobin Wheat Germ Oil vegetable oil substitute, processed: cake mixes Viobin Wheat Germ Oil vegetable oil substitute, processed: salad oils Viobin Wheat Germ Oil vegetable oil supplement, infant formulas Arasco®; Dhasco® vehicle, alcoholic beverages Alcohol vehicle, baked goods Hodag® S-35 K vehicle, baking mixes Glyceryl oleate vehicle, beverages Glyceryl oleate vehicle, cheeses Lactic acid vehicle, chewing gum Glyceryl oleate vehicle, clinical nutrition Capmul® MCM; Captex® 200P; Captex® 300; Captex® 350; Captex® 355 EP/NF Captex® 355; Captex® 1000 vehicle, coffee whiteners Glyceryl oleate; Hodag® S-35 K vehicle, colorants: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate vehicle, confectionery Lactic acid vehicle, corn popping Pureco® 76 vehicle, cultured dairy prods. Lactic acid

2616

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference vehicle, dietetic prods. Miglyol® 810; Miglyol® 840 vehicle, essential oils Propylene glycol dioctanoate vehicle, fat-soluble substances: food Sesamol vehicle, fat-soluble substances: iodized oils Sesamol vehicle, fat-soluble substances: oleomargarine Sesamol vehicle, flavors Captex® 200; Lexol® PG-800; Lexol® PG865; NEOBEE® M-5; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate Propylene glycol dioctanoate vehicle, flavors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate vehicle, food Acetic acid; Alcohol; Benzyl benzoate; Chemstat® G-118/52; Citrofol® AI Glyceryl oleate; Hodag® S-35 K; Lactic acid; Lipovol SES; Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids Propylene glycol; Triacetin vehicle, food processing Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 300; Carbowax® Sentry® PEG 400 vehicle, food vitamins Captex® 200 vehicle, fragrance oils Captex® 200 vehicle, fragrances Lexol® PG-800; Lexol® PG-865 vehicle, frozen desserts Hodag® S-35 K vehicle, general purpose food applics. Pureco® 76 vehicle, infant formulas Captex® 300; Captex® 350; Captex® 355; Captex® 1000; Pureco® 76 Tricaprin vehicle, meat prods. Glyceryl oleate vehicle, mellorine Pureco® 76 vehicle, nutritional fluids NEOBEE® M-5 vehicle, nutritional prods. Captex® 300 EP/NF; Captex® 800; Captex® 810D; Captex® 8000; Propylene glycol dioctanoate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Trioctanoin vehicle, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® MCM; Captex® 350; Captex® 1000; Pureco® 76 vehicle, nutritional supplements Captex® 200P; Tricaprin vehicle, nut roasting Pureco® 76 vehicle, olives Lactic acid vehicle, pail coating Pureco® 76 vehicle, pizza crust Alcohol vehicle, poultry Lactic acid vehicle, shortening Hodag® S-35 K vehicle, soluble colorants Captex® 200; Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate vehicle, sports supplements Captex® 355; Tricaprin vehicle, vegetable oils Glyceryl oleate vehicle, vitamins Captex® 800; Captex® 8000; Lexol® PG800; Lexol® PG-865; NEOBEE® M-5 Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate; Propylene glycol dioctanoate; Trioctanoin vehicle, vitamins: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate vehicle, whipped toppings Hodag® S-35 K vehicle, wine Lactic acid viscosity builder Avicel® RC-501; Avicel® RC591F;C*HiForm 12715; C*HiForm 12716; C*HiForm 12791 DREWMULSE® GMC-810; Genu® Pectin USP/200; Genu® Pectin USP-L/200; Guar Gum Food Grade 40N; Guar Gum Food Grade 55I Guar Gum Food Grade 150FC; Guar Gum Food Grade 160FC; Guar Gum Food Grade 225F; Guar Gum Food Grade 260F; Guar Gum Food Grade 270F Guar Gum Food Grade 4000FC; Guar Gum Food Grade 4500F; Guar Gum Food Grade DP80; Guar Gum Food Grade HV400F; Nastar® 2617

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity builder, acid-contg. foods National® 465 viscosity builder, acidified beverages TIC Pretested® Pectin 1300; TIC Pretested® Pectin AM 800 viscosity builder, alcohol-free beers Glucidex 21 D; Glucose, liquid viscosity builder, alcoholic beverages TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15000 Powder viscosity builder, aseptically processed canned foods Thermtex® viscosity builder, aseptically processed foods National® 465; PolarTex 05736 viscosity builder, aseptic desserts PolarTex 05735 viscosity builder, aseptic puddings Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230; PolarTex 05735 viscosity builder, aseptic/shelf stable foods PolarTex 06746 viscosity builder, baby drinks C*Tex-Instant 12616 viscosity builder, baby foods C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06218; C*Tex 06219; PenCook® 37 viscosity builder, baby meals C*Tex-Instant 12616 viscosity builder, baked goods Advanta-GEL™ P75; Edicol®; PenCook® 10 viscosity builder, bakery creams PolarTex 06748 viscosity builder, bakery fillings GD 2910; Midsol™ 4; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd.; Vis*Quick® 11 viscosity builder, bakery fillings/icings Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum viscosity builder, bakery flavor emulsions TIC Pretested® Aragum® 3173 Powder viscosity builder, bakery glazes Cargill Dry MD 01913 viscosity builder, bakery icing Cargill Dry MD 01913; Vis*Quick® 11 viscosity builder, bakery mixes C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 viscosity builder, bakery prods. C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06219; MAPS® 501 viscosity builder, bakery prods.: fruit pie fillings Clearjel® Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity builder, baking powder Cargill Gel™ 03428 viscosity builder, baking-stable fruit fillings C*Tex 06204 viscosity builder, barbecue sauces National® 1333 viscosity builder, bar mixes TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder viscosity builder, batter mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 viscosity builder, batters PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX viscosity builder, Bavarian creams PolarTex 05736; Salioca 06436; Salioca™ 06758 viscosity builder, bavarois Paselli™ Easy-Gel viscosity builder, beverage mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 viscosity builder, beverages Cargill Dry MD 01913; Coyote Stabilizer DS101; Edicol®; Genu® Pectins; Globe® Corn Syrup Solids Instant Pure-Flo®; Instant Textra; Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Maltrin® M050 MD 1210; MD 1225; Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225; Textra®; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd. viscosity builder, biscuits GD 2910; GD 3910 viscosity builder, breading PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX viscosity builder, breading mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 viscosity builder, breads DREWMULSE® 200K; PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 300 viscosity builder, breakfast drinks TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder viscosity builder, broths Vis*Quick® 11 viscosity builder, cake fillings GRINDSTED®Xanthan ULTRA viscosity builder, cake icings GRINDSTED®Xanthan ULTRA 2618

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity builder, cake mixes C*Tex-Instant 12612; GRINDSTED®Xanthan ULTRA; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd.; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder viscosity builder, cakes C*Tex 06219; GD 2910; Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225; PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX viscosity builder, candy DREWMULSE® 200K viscosity builder, canned custards C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06214 viscosity builder, canned foods Edicol®; National® 465; PolarTex 05736 viscosity builder, canned foods: cream style corn Clearjel®; Clearjel® S viscosity builder, canned foods: dinner prods. Clearjel® S viscosity builder, canned foods: gravies Clearjel®; Clearjel® S viscosity builder, canned foods: pork and beans Clearjel® viscosity builder, canned foods: sauces Clearjel®; Clearjel® S viscosity builder, canned foods: soups Clearjel®; Clearjel® S viscosity builder, canned fruit fillings PolarTex 06746 viscosity builder, canned puddings Pure-Flo® viscosity builder, canned sauces PolarTex 06748 viscosity builder, canned soups PolarTex 06748 viscosity builder, canning operations Purity® 9200 viscosity builder, caramel fillings SeaGel® DP 437; SeaGel® FL 644L; SeaGel® GP 713; SeaGel® PS 182; SeaGel® XP 3428 SeaGel® XP 3611; Viscarin® JC 1270; Viscarin® ME 3397; Viscarin® PS 3377; Viscarin® SA 439 Viscarin® TP 389; Viscarin® XP 3399 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity builder, caramel toppings SeaGel® DP 437; SeaGel® FL 644L; SeaGel® GP 713; SeaGel® PS 182; SeaGel® XP 3428 SeaGel® XP 3611; Viscarin® JC 1270; Viscarin® ME 3397; Viscarin® PS 3377; Viscarin® SA 439 Viscarin® TP 389; Viscarin® XP 3399 viscosity builder, cereal bars GD 2910 viscosity builder, cheesecake Paselli™ Easy-Gel viscosity builder, cheese derivatives Struct-Sure® 20 viscosity builder, cheese prods. C*HiForm 12748; C*Tex-Instant 12616 viscosity builder, cheeses Edicol® viscosity builder, cheese sauces C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 12748; C*TexInstant 12616; Ultra-Sperse® 2000 viscosity builder, cheese soups TIC Pretested® Colloid 666-1 Powd. viscosity builder, chewable candies GD 2910 viscosity builder, chewing gum bases DREWMULSE® 200K viscosity builder, chicken marinades PenCook® 37 viscosity builder, chilled dairy desserts C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06219 viscosity builder, chilled desserts C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06214 viscosity builder, chilled puddings C*Tex 06204 viscosity builder, chocolate milk systems Lactarin® CM 2254; TIC Pretested® Colloid 780 MB viscosity builder, chocolate syrups GRINDSTED®Xanthan ULTRA viscosity builder, coated food prods. BatterCrisp™ 05530 viscosity builder, coatings PenCook® 30; PenCook® 37; PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX viscosity builder, coffee creamers GD 2910; MD 1210; MD 1225; MD 1710; MD 1910 viscosity builder, coffee whiteners Glucidex 21 D; Glucose, liquid viscosity builder, cold-prepared cream fillings Paselli™ EZ Sperse Range 2619

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity builder, cold-prepared desserts Paselli™ Easy-Gel viscosity builder, cold-prepared fruit fillings Paselli™ EZ Sperse Range viscosity builder, cold process sauces Merigel 100 viscosity builder, confectionery GD 3910; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; MD 1210 MD 1225; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra TIC Pretested® Aragum® 3173 Powder; Vis*Quick® 11 viscosity builder, convenience beverages Genu® Pectin USP/100 viscosity builder, convenience foods Genu® Pectins; Genu® Pectin USP/100 viscosity builder, cooked meats Firm-Tex® viscosity builder, cookies PenPlus® 300 viscosity builder, cook-in-can fruit fillings Thermtex® viscosity builder, cook-up home preps. Novation® 2600; Novation® 9260 viscosity builder, cook-up puddings Paselli™ EZ Sperse Range viscosity builder, corn bread PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX viscosity builder, crackers C*Tex-Instant 12616 viscosity builder, cream-based puddings National® 465 viscosity builder, cream-based sauces National® 465 viscosity builder, cream canned food Purity® 660 viscosity builder, cream cheese TIC Pretested® Locust Bean Gum POR/A Powder viscosity builder, cream fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06219; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX National® Frigex; PolarTex 05735; Thermshear

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity builder, cream pie fillings National® Frigex HV; PolarTex 05736 viscosity builder, creams PolarTex 06748 viscosity builder, cultured dairy prods. Struct-Sure® 20 viscosity builder, cultured prods. Purity® 87 viscosity builder, custard fillings Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 viscosity builder, dairy desserts PenCook® 37 viscosity builder, dairy/fruit dips Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® X-10 viscosity builder, dairy: heat-processed National® Frigex HV viscosity builder, dairy prods. Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225; National® Frigex; Novation® 3300; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9330 Novation® 9360; PenCook® 30; PolarTex 05735; Thermshear; TIC Pretested® Colloid 601 Powder TIC Pretested® Colloid 601-M Powd.; TIC Pretested® Locust Bean Gum POR/A Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15000 Powder viscosity builder, dairy spreads MD 1710; MD 1910 viscosity builder, desserts National® Frigex HV; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360; PenCook® 30; Purity® W Textrion PROGEL 800 viscosity builder, dinners Hiflo® viscosity builder, dips Actoloid® 303; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Instant Tender-Jel® 480; Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230 viscosity builder, donuts Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C; PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® UM PenPlus® UX viscosity builder, dressing bases Salioca 05330; Salioca 06436; Salioca™ 06758

2620

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity builder, dressings Actoloid® 303; Avicel® CL-611; BriesSweet™ Brown Rice Syrup 28DE; BriesSweet™ Tapioca Syrup 28DE; C*HiForm 12747 C*HiForm 12748; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Kol Guard® 7467; Merigel 100; MeyproGuar® CSA 200/50 F Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 HF; MeyproGuar® CSAA M100; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200; MeyproGuar® CSAA M225 Thermshear; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd. viscosity builder, drink mixes Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 viscosity builder, drinks TIC Pretested® Pectin 1694 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Pectin 1694 Powder viscosity builder, dry food mixes Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03428; Cargill Gel™ 03458; C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 12748 C*HiForm 72345; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214; C*Tex 06218 C*Tex 06219; C*Tex-Instant 12616; Instant Tender-Jel® 479; Instant Tender-Jel® 480; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® X-10; Merigel 100; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 viscosity builder, dry-mix salad dressings Cargill Dry MD 01913 viscosity builder, dry-mix sauces Novation® 1900 viscosity builder, dry-mix soups Novation® 1900 viscosity builder, emulsified meats PenPlus® 300 viscosity builder, emulsion meats Thermtex® viscosity builder, emulsions Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd.; Vis*Quick® 11 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity builder, enteral nutrition MD 1710 viscosity builder, entrees Insta*Thick® G2X-10 viscosity builder, extra-moist cakes Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C viscosity builder, extruded snack foods MD 1910 viscosity builder, fillings Instant Tender-Jel® 480; Insta*Thick® X-10 viscosity builder, fillings: aseptically prepared National® 1457 viscosity builder, fish fillets BatterCrisp™ 05530 viscosity builder, flans Genulacta® CP-100 viscosity builder, flavors Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-200 NF Premium; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra viscosity builder, food ADM Clintose® CR 10; ADM Clintose® CR 15; ADM Clintose® CR 18; Corn syrup solids; C*Tex 06201 C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214 C*Tex 06218; C*Tex 06218; C*Tex 06219; DREWMULSE® 200K; Genu® Pectins Genu® Pectin USP/100; Globe® Corn Syrup Solids; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-1 NF Premium; Granular Gum Arabic Type A-2 NF Premium; Hiflo® Insta*Thick® CMC 10(12) HS; Maltrin® M050; Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 HF; MeyproGuar® CSAA M100 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M175; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225; National® 1333; National® 1457 National® Frigex; Novation® 2300; Novation® 2600; Novation® 9260; PenCook® 50 Powdered Gum Arabic Type B-100 NF Premium; Powdered Gum Arabic Type B200 NF Premium; Propylene glycol stearate; SeaGel® DP 437; SeaGel® FL 644L 2621

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference SeaGel® GP 713; SeaGel® PS 182; SeaGel® XP 3428; SeaGel® XP 3611; Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-180 NF Premium Spray Dried Gum Arabic Type A-230 NF Extra; Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611 Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Tapioca dextrin; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd. TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; Viscarin® JC 1270; Viscarin® ME 3397; Viscarin® PS 3377; Viscarin® SA 439 Viscarin® TP 389; Viscarin® XP 3399; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601 Viscocel® SC-611; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Walocel® CRT 30 A Walocel® CRT 70 A; Walocel® CRT 100 A; Walocel® CRT 1000 A; Walocel® CRT 2000 A; Walocel® CRT 10000 A Walocel® CRT 15000 A; Walocel® CRT 20000 A; Walocel® CRT 30000 A viscosity builder, food: aseptically processed Pure-Flo® viscosity builder, formed meats PolarTex 05735; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 viscosity builder, fresh cheeses C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345; C*Tex-Instant 12616 viscosity builder, fried foods TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder viscosity builder, frostings PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B viscosity builder, frozen desserts Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581; DREWMULSE® 200K; N-Oil®; PolarTex 06748 Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 viscosity builder, frozen entrees PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity builder, frozen foods Colflo® 67; GD 2910; GD 3910; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; MD 1210 MD 1225; National® 465; National® 1333; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd. viscosity builder, frozen gravies Hiflo® viscosity builder, frozen meat gravies Colflo® 67 viscosity builder, frozen meat pies Colflo® 67 viscosity builder, frozen Oriental foods Colflo® 67 viscosity builder, frozen sauces Colflo® 67; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd. viscosity builder, frozen soups Colflo® 67 viscosity builder, fruit desserts C*Tex 06218 viscosity builder, fruit drinks CarraVis™ 612X viscosity builder, fruit fillings Instant Tender-Jel® 479; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Kol Guard® 7467; Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230 viscosity builder, fruit glazes Grindsted™ Carrageenan CW 100; Grindsted™ PECTIN LB 401 viscosity builder, fruit juices TIC Pretested® Pectin 1694 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Pectin 1694 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Xanthan Powd. viscosity builder, fruit mixes Instant Tender-Jel® 419 viscosity builder, fruit pie fillings Colflo® 67; C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214 C*Tex 06219; Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant Tender-Jel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C viscosity builder, fruit preps. Kol Guard® 7467; Novation® 9360 viscosity builder, fruit toppings Insta*Starch® 100 PFX viscosity builder, functional foods TIC Pretested® Locust Bean Gum POR/A Powder; TIC Pretested® Pectin 1694 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Pectin 1694 Powder 2622

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity builder, gelatin-free yogurts Struct-Sure® 20 viscosity builder, glazes GD 2910; GD 3910; Midsol™ 75 viscosity builder, gravies Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203 C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214; C*Tex 06219; Firm-Tex® Instant Pure-Flo®; Instant Tender-Jel® 419; Instant Tender-Jel® 480; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Insta*Thick® X-10 Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Kol Guard® 7467; MAPS® 501; Midsol™ 4; National® 465 Novation® 2600; Novation® 9260; PenCook® 10; PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B PenPlus® 2100; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728; PolarTex 06746; Purity® CS C Purity® W; TIC Pretested® Caragum 200; TIC Pretested® Colloid 666-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. Ultra-Sperse® 2000; Vis*Quick® 11 viscosity builder, gravy mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Maltrin® M050 viscosity builder, gum Confectioners F & G viscosity builder, gum candies AmyloGel™ 03001 viscosity builder, health foods PenCook® 37 viscosity builder, heat-processed foods National® 1457 viscosity builder, heavy cream type salad dressings Dress'n® 400 viscosity builder, high-carbohydrate drinks Cargill Dry MD 01956 viscosity builder, highly acidic systems Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230 viscosity builder, high-pH foods National® 465 viscosity builder, high-pH soups Firm-Tex® viscosity builder, high-shear systems Thermtex® viscosity builder, high-starch batters BatterCrisp™ 05530 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity builder, hot beverages Paselli™ EZ Sperse Range viscosity builder, hot dogs PolarTex 05735; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 viscosity builder, hot instant drinks C*HiForm 12748 viscosity builder, hot instant energy drinks C*HiForm 72345 viscosity builder, hot instant gravies C*HiForm 12748 viscosity builder, hot instant sauce binders C*HiForm 12747 viscosity builder, hot instant sauces C*HiForm 12748 viscosity builder, hot instant soups C*HiForm 12748 viscosity builder, HTST Lactarin® CM 2254 viscosity builder, ice cream Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 F; Meypro-Guar® CSA 200/50 HF; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M100; MeyproGuar® CSAA M175 Meypro-Guar® CSAA M200; Meypro-Guar® CSAA M225; Novation® 9360; PenCook® 37; Tabulose® SC-200 Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601 Viscocel® SC-611; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 viscosity builder, ice creams cones PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX viscosity builder, icing mixes Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Cargill Gel™ 03428 viscosity builder, icing Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; GD 2910; GD 3910; Midsol™ 75 viscosity builder, imitation sour cream N-Oil® viscosity builder, indirect extruded snacks C*HiForm 12747 viscosity builder, infant foods GD 3910 viscosity builder, infant formulas Cargill Dry MD 01913 2623

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity builder, infant milk substitutes MD 1710 viscosity builder, injected ham PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 viscosity builder, injected poultry PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 viscosity builder, instant baby foods Merigel 100 viscosity builder, instant cold-water viscous nondairy prods. Genuvisco® CSW-2 viscosity builder, instant cream fillings C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345; C*TexInstant 12612; C*Tex-Instant 12616 viscosity builder, instant cream-style soups Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C; UltraSperse® 2000 viscosity builder, instant dairy desserts Merigel 100 viscosity builder, instant desserts C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345; C*TexInstant 12616; Exp-Merigel 113 viscosity builder, instant dry mixes Instant Pure-Flo® viscosity builder, instant flans CarraBind™ MPF-74I viscosity builder, instant foods Resistamyl 131; Resistamyl 231; UltraSperse® 2000 viscosity builder, instant gravies C*Tex-Instant 12616; Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant Tender-Jel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder viscosity builder, instant hot cocoa TIC Pretested® Colloid 601 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 601-M Powd. viscosity builder, instant mixes: beverages MD 1910 viscosity builder, instant mixes: sauces/soups MD 1910 viscosity builder, instant mixes: slimming prods. MD 1910 viscosity builder, instant mixes: sports drinks MD 1910 viscosity builder, instant pie fillings Advanta-GEL™ P75; C*HiForm 12748; C*Tex-Instant 12612; C*Tex-Instant 12616

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity builder,instant pie fillings C*HiForm 12747 viscosity builder, instant puddings CarraBind™ MPF-74I; C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345; C*Tex-Instant 12616; Genulacta® CP-100 viscosity builder, instant sauces C*Tex-Instant 12616; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder viscosity builder, instant soups C*Tex-Instant 12616; Instant Tender-Jel® 419 viscosity builder, institutional pack dressings Salioca 05330 viscosity builder, jams C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345; Kol Guard® 7467 viscosity builder, juices Tabulose® SC-200; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612 Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-200; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-611 viscosity builder, ketchup C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06204; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06214; Glucidex 21 D Glucose, liquid viscosity builder, layer cake batters Cake STA viscosity builder, lemon fillings PolarTex 05736 viscosity builder, lemon pie fillings National® 1333 viscosity builder, light processing food systems PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 viscosity builder, liquid foods Textra® viscosity builder, low-fat foods N-Oil®; Novation® 1900; Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611 Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601 Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681 viscosity builder, low-oil foods N-Oil® viscosity builder, low-pH canned foods National® 1333

2624

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity builder, low-pH fruit fillings National® 1457 viscosity builder, margarine DREWMULSE® 200K viscosity builder, margarine spreads N-Oil® viscosity builder, marinades TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. viscosity builder, marmalades C*HiForm 12748; C*HiForm 72345 viscosity builder, mayonnaise CarraVis™ 5; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06214; Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-1-FF viscosity builder, meal replacers TIC Pretested® Colloid 601 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 601-M Powd. viscosity builder, meat Amygluten 110; BatterCrisp™ 05530; Biogluten 130; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458 PenCook® 10 viscosity builder, meat prods. Glucidex 21 D; Glucose, liquid viscosity builder, meat replacement Amygluten 110; Biogluten 130 viscosity builder, meringues TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder viscosity builder, microwavable prods. C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345; National® 465 viscosity builder, milk beverages TIC Pretested® Colloid 780 MB viscosity builder, milk-containing canned food Purity® 660 viscosity builder, mixes Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C viscosity builder, moderate processing food systems PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 viscosity builder, mousses Paselli™ Easy-Gel viscosity builder, muffins PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX viscosity builder, mushroom marinades PenCook® 37

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity builder, noncarbonated beverages TIC Pretested® Pectin 1694 Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Pectin 1694 Powder; TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15000 Powder viscosity builder, nonfat prods. Tabulose® SC-580; Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613 Tabulose® SC-681; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601; Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613 Viscocel® SC-681 viscosity builder, nutraceutical beverages TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd. viscosity builder, nutritional beverages Canadian Harvest® Oat Fiber 500 viscosity builder, nutritional applics. Cargill Dry MD 01913; TIC Pretested® Colloid 601 Powder viscosity builder, nuts PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX viscosity builder, oils: pourable salad dressings Purity® Gum 539 viscosity builder, onion rings BatterCrisp™ 05530 viscosity builder, organic foods Novation® 9230; Novation® 9260 viscosity builder, pancake batters Cake STA viscosity builder, pancakes PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX viscosity builder, pan coatings Maltrin® M050 viscosity builder, pasteurized processed cheeses Emulsi-Phos 660™ viscosity builder, pasteurized puddings Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360 viscosity builder, peanut butter DREWMULSE® 200K viscosity builder, pet foods Purity® 660 viscosity builder, pie fillings C*Tex 06218; Instant Tender-Jel® 419; National® 465; PolarTex 06748 viscosity builder, pizza/frozen dough TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder 2625

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity builder, pot pies Hiflo® viscosity builder, poultry BatterCrisp™ 05530; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 viscosity builder, poultry prods. PolarTex 05735 viscosity builder, pourable salad dressings N-Oil® viscosity builder, processed desserts Purity® 660 viscosity builder, processed meats PenCook® 37 viscosity builder, processed organic food Novation® 9330; Novation® 9360 viscosity builder, processed puddings Purity® 660 viscosity builder, protein MAPS® 501; PenCook® 30 viscosity builder, puddings C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06219; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX National® 465; National® Frigex; National® Frigex HV; Paselli™ Easy-Gel; PolarTex 05736 Purity® CS C; Purity® W; Salioca 06436; Salioca™ 06758; Struct-Sure® 20 Thermshear viscosity builder, puddings: aseptically prepared National® 1457 viscosity builder, puffed snacks PenCook® 37 viscosity builder, quiche fillings C*HiForm 12747; C*HiForm 12748; C*Tex 06218; C*Tex-Instant 12612 viscosity builder, ready-to-spread frostings Genu® 22CG viscosity builder, reduced-fat foods Cargill Dry MD 01956 viscosity builder, refrigerated foods National® 465; National® 1333 viscosity builder, refrigerated/frozen foods Instant Pure-Flo®; Purity® CS C viscosity builder, relishes Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® X-10; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd. viscosity builder, retorted foods PolarTex 05735; Thermtex®

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity builder, retorted soups Novation® 2600; Novation® 9260 viscosity builder, salad dressing mixes Aqualon® 9H4XF; Aqualon® 9M31XF viscosity builder, salad dressings Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; CarraVis™ 5; C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06214 Edicol®; Egg Yolk Solids Type Y-1-FF; GRINDSTED®Xanthan ULTRA; Instant Tender-Jel® 419; Insta*Thick® G2X-10 Insta*Thick® X-10; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Novation® 2300; Novation® 9230; PolarTex 06748 Purity® 270; Purity® 420; Purity® 550; Salioca 05330; Tabulose® SC-580 Tabulose® SC-601; Tabulose® SC-611; Tabulose® SC-612; Tabulose® SC-613; Tabulose® SC-681 TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® GuarNT™ Bland Powd.; TIC Pretested® PreHydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd.; Viscocel® SC-580F; Viscocel® SC-601 Viscocel® SC-612; Viscocel® SC-613; Viscocel® SC-681; Vis*Quick® 11 viscosity builder, salsas Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® X-10 viscosity builder, sauce binders C*HiForm 72345 viscosity builder, sauce mixes Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960 viscosity builder, sauces Actoloid® 303; Actoloid® 2210; Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; C*Tex 06201 C*Tex 06203; C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214; C*Tex 06219 Exp-Merigel 113; Firm-Tex®; GD 2210; Glucidex 21 D; Glucose, liquid Hiflo®; Instant Tender-Jel® 419; Instant Tender-Jel® 480; Instant Textra; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® Guar Gum; Insta*Thick® X-10; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Kol Guard® 7467 MAPS® 501; Midsol™ 4; National® 465; Novation® 2300; Novation® 3600 Novation® 9230; Novation® 9360; PenCook® 10; PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B 2626

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference PenPlus® 2100; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728; PolarTex 06746; Purity® 420 Textra®; Textra® Plus; TIC Pretested® Caragum 200; TIC Pretested® Colloid 666-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250 Vis*Quick® 11 viscosity builder, scallops BatterCrisp™ 05530 viscosity builder, seafood PenCook® 10 viscosity builder, semisolid salad dressings Dress'n® 400 viscosity builder, severe processing food systems PolarTex 06746; PolarTex 06748 viscosity builder, shakes TIC Pretested® Colloid 601 Powder; TIC Pretested® Colloid 601-M Powd. viscosity builder, shrimp BatterCrisp™ 05530 viscosity builder, slimming prods. MD 1710 viscosity builder, snack foods PenCook® 30 viscosity builder, soft breads C*Tex 06219 viscosity builder, soft cookies Instant Tender-Jel® 434; Instant TenderJel® C; Instant Tender-Jel® C viscosity builder, sorbets TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 2500 Std. Powder viscosity builder, soup mixes Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; Maltrin® M050 viscosity builder, soups Cargill Gel™ 03420; Cargill Gel™ 03458; Coyote Stabilizer DS-101; C*Tex 06201; C*Tex 06203 C*Tex 06205; C*Tex 06209; C*Tex 06214; C*Tex 06219; Edicol® Exp-Merigel 113; GD 2210; Instant PureFlo®; Insta*Starch® 100 PFX; Insta*Thick® G2X-10 Insta*Thick® X-10; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Kol Guard® 7467; MAPS® 501; Midsol™ 4 Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360; PenCook® 10; PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PenPlus® 2100; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728; PolarTex 06746; Purity® CS C Purity® W; TIC Pretested® Caragum 200; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Saladizer® 250; TIC Pretested® Saladizer® 250 Powd.; Vis*Quick® 11 viscosity builder, sour cream Novation® 3600; Novation® 9360; PolarTex 06746; Purity® 87; Struct-Sure® 20 viscosity builder, soy sauce Textra® Plus viscosity builder, specialty items Clearjel®; Clearjel® S viscosity builder, spice blends Cargill Dry MD 01913; Cargill Dry MD 01956; Cargill Dry MD 01960; MD 1225 viscosity builder, spoonable dressings PolarTex 06746; Salioca 06436; Salioca™ 06758 viscosity builder, spoonable salad dressings N-Oil®; Thermtex® viscosity builder, spray-dried encapsulated flavor oils Cargill Dry MD 01960 viscosity builder, stews Purity® W viscosity builder, sugar-free food Sorbitol Sol'n. Noncrystallizing viscosity builder, sugar-free frozen pops TIC Pretested® Ticalose® CMC 15000 Powder viscosity builder, surimi prods. PolarTex 05735; PolarTex 06727; PolarTex 06728 viscosity builder, sweet dry blends GD 2210; GD 2910; GD 3910 viscosity builder, syrups Instant Textra; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum; Textra®; Vis*Quick® 11 viscosity builder, tomato prods. Instant Tender-Jel® 419 viscosity builder, tomato sauces C*Tex 06204; Instant Tender-Jel® 479 viscosity builder, toppings DREWMULSE® 200K; Instant Tender-Jel® 480; Insta*Thick® G2X-10; Insta*Thick® X10; Insta*Thick® Xanthan Gum Vis*Quick® 11 viscosity builder, turkey rolls Firm-Tex® viscosity builder, turnover fillings Ultra-Sperse® 2000 2627

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity builder, UHT desserts C*Tex 06204 viscosity builder, UHT prods. Lactarin® CM 2254 viscosity builder, vegetables BatterCrisp™ 05530 viscosity builder, vending soups C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 viscosity builder, vinaigrettes C*HiForm 12742; C*HiForm 72345 viscosity builder, waffle batters Cake STA viscosity builder, waffles PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B; PenPlus® 300; PenPlus® UM; PenPlus® UX viscosity builder, whipped toppings Avicel® CL-611; Avicel® RC-581 viscosity builder, yogurt Novation® 3300; Novation® 3600; Novation® 9330; PolarTex 06746; Purity® 87 Textrion PROGEL 800; Thermshear viscosity builder, yogurt desserts C*Tex 06201 viscosity builder, yogurt fruit preps. Grindsted™ PECTIN YF 738 viscosity control agent Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh viscosity control agent, baked goods Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID viscosity control agent, bakery fillings Mira-Quik® MGL viscosity control agent, bakery prods. Akucell® AF 3295; Binasol™ 15; Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307 Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Meritose 100 Meritose 200; Meritose 300; Mira-Gel® 463; Mira-Sperse® 622; Mira-Sperse® 2000 Mira-Thik® 470; Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 330 Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Sta-Slim™ 143; Sta-Slim™ 151; Tapioca #1 X-Pand'R®; X-Pand'R® 612 viscosity control agent, batters Benecel® MP 643; Pure Food Powder; Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity control agent, batters: deep-fat frying Aqualon® 9M8F viscosity control agent, batters: dry cake mixes TIC Pretested® Colloid 451T Powd. viscosity control agent, beverages Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Mira-Sperse® 622 Star-Dri® 180 viscosity control agent, breading Pure Food Powder; Tapioca Dextrin 11; Tapioca Dextrin 12 viscosity control agent, canned foods Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 viscosity control agent, canned pet foods Methocel® K100LV Premium viscosity control agent, chocolate Hydrogenated palm kernel oil; Leciprime™ 1500 viscosity control agent, citrus oils: beverages Glyceryl rosinate viscosity control agent, confectionery Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Exp F 115 Exp F 117; Hydrogenated palm kernel oil; Meritose 100; Mira-Gel® 463 viscosity control agent, confectionery jellies Mira-Quik® MGL viscosity control agent, cream cones Methocel® K4M Premium viscosity control agent, cultured prods. Thibola 100; Thibola 230 viscosity control agent, dairy desserts Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 viscosity control agent, dairy flavors EmCap-Instant 12639 viscosity control agent, dairy prods. Binasol™ 15; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Maxi-Gel® 617; Merigel 100 Merigel 310; Merigel 340; Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290 2628

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Mira-Gel® 463; Mira-Sperse® 606; MiraSperse® 622; Mira-Sperse® 2000; Nu-Star® 140 Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Sta-Slim™ 150 Sta-Slim™ 151 viscosity control agent, desserts Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Methocel® K4M Premium Methocel® K15M Premium; Mira-Quik® MGL viscosity control agent, dietetic prods. Methocel® K15M Premium viscosity control agent, dips Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID viscosity control agent, dressings Binasol™ 15; Canners TF; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Kol Guard® 7413; Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340 Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200 Meritena 290; Meritena 300; Mira-Sperse® 622; Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470 Nu-Star® 120; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 310; Resistamyl 330 Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Rezista® 682 Rezista® HV; Shur-Fil® 427; Shur-Fil® 677; Sta-Slim™ 151 viscosity control agent, dry-mix cakes Pure Food Powder viscosity control agent, dry mixes Resistamyl 341 viscosity control agent, dry-mix muffins Pure Food Powder viscosity control agent, dry-mix sauces Pure Food Powder viscosity control agent, dry-mix soups Pure Food Powder; Waxy #1 viscosity control agent, extruded seafood prods. Methocel® K4M Premium

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity control agent: fat-reduced confectionery Star-Dri® 42F viscosity control agent: fat-reduced dry mixes Star-Dri® 42C; Star-Dri® 42R viscosity control agent: fat-reduced fondants Star-Dri® 42F viscosity control agent: fat-reduced frostings Star-Dri® 42F viscosity control agent: fat-reduced ice cream Star-Dri® 42C; Star-Dri® 42R viscosity control agent: fat-reduced meats Star-Dri® 42C; Star-Dri® 42R viscosity control agent: fat-reduced nutritional formulas Star-Dri® 20 viscosity control agent: fat-reduced salad dressings Star-Dri® 20 viscosity control agent, fillings Lecigran™ F; Pure Food Powder viscosity control agent, food Amylopectin; Caprol® 10G40; Coyote Brand Xanthan DF; Coyote Brand Xanthan ST; Coyote Brand Xanthan TR Hydrogenated palm kernel oil; Hydroxypropylcellulose; Methocel® E4M Premium EP; Methocel® E6 Premium; Methocel® E15LV Premium Methocel® K3 Premium; Methocel® K4M Premium; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Methocel® K100M Premium PEG-8 oleate; Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-150; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-200; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-300 Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-400; Powdered Gum Tragacanth T-500; Pregel 10; Sodium oleate viscosity control agent, fried foods Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID viscosity control agent, frozen dairy prods. Sta-Lite® 318 viscosity control agent, frozen dessert prods. Sta-Lite® 318 viscosity control agent, frozen foods Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand 2629

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID viscosity control agent, fruit drinks Sta-O-Paque® viscosity control agent, fruit fillings Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Mira-Gel® 463 Mira-Sperse® 622; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348 viscosity control agent, fruit pie fillings Thin-N-Thik® 99 viscosity control agent, fruit preps. Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 342 Merigel 347; Merigel 347; Mira-Gel® 463; Mira-Sperse® 622; Resistamyl 342 Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348 viscosity control agent, gelled foods Mira-Quik® MGL viscosity control agent, glazes Hydroxypropylcellulose viscosity control agent, gravies Binasol™ 15; Canners TF; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Kol Guard® 7413; Merigel 100; Merigel 310; Merigel 340 Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Meritena 100; Meritena 200 Meritena 290; Meritena 300; Methocel® K15M Premium; Mira-Sperse® 622; MiraSperse® 2000 Mira-Thik® 470; Nu-Star® 120; Nu-Star® 140; Paniplex SK; Perma-Flo® HV Pregel 46; Resistamyl 310; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347 Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV; Shur-Fil® 427 Shur-Fil® 677; Sta-Slim™ 151; Thin-N-Thik® 99; TIC Pretested® Caragum 200 viscosity control agent, gum candies Thibola 100; Thibola 230; Thibola 300 viscosity control agent, high-fat systems EmCap 06376 viscosity control agent, icings Lecigran™ F; Methocel® K4M Premium Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity control agent, jams Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Lo-Temp® 452; Maxi-Gel® 617 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Mira-Gel® 463 Mira-Sperse® 622; Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348 viscosity control agent, jelly candies Thibola 100; Thibola 230; Thibola 300 viscosity control agent, liquid clouds EmCap-Instant 12639 viscosity control agent, low-pH sauces Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 viscosity control agent, meat Thin-N-Thik® 99 viscosity control agent, meat analogs Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID viscosity control agent, molten chocolate Ammonium phosphatides viscosity control agent, mousses Methocel® K100LV Premium viscosity control agent, neutral pH canned foods Resistamyl 341 viscosity control agent, nutritional drinks Sta-O-Paque® viscosity control agent, oils Hydroxypropylcellulose viscosity control agent, pasta Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID viscosity control agent, pasteurized processed cheeses Emulsi-Phos 990™ viscosity control agent, pet foods Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Methocel® K15M Premium viscosity control agent, prepared foods Meritena 100; Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Mira-Sperse® 606; Mira-Sperse® 622 Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 609 viscosity control agent, processed cheeses Thibola 100; Thibola 230

2630

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity control agent, puddings Thin-N-Thik® 99 viscosity control agent, relishes Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345 viscosity control agent, restructured foods Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan ID viscosity control agent, retort applics. Thibola 100; Thibola 230 viscosity control agent, salad dressings Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343 viscosity control agent, sauces Binasol™ 15; Canners TF; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Delta™ 7393; Kol Guard® 7413; Merigel 100; Merigel 310 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Meritena 100 Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritena 300; Mira-Sperse® 622; Mira-Sperse® 2000 Mira-Thik® 470; Nu-Star® 120; Nu-Star® 140; Paniplex SK; Perma-Flo® HV Pregel 46; Resistamyl 310; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 341; Resistamyl 346 Resistamyl 347; Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV Shur-Fil® 427; Shur-Fil® 677; Sta-Slim™ 151; Thin-N-Thik® 99; TIC Pretested® Caragum 200 Waxy #1 viscosity control agent, savory EmCap 06376 viscosity control agent, savory sauces Pure Food Powder viscosity control agent, snack foods Binasol™ 15; Exp F 301; Exp F 303; Exp F 307; Lo-Temp® 452 Maxi-Gel® 617; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Meritose 100; Meritose 200 Meritose 300; Mira-Gel® 463; Mira-Sperse® 622; Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470 Mira-Thik® 609; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 341 Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347; Sta-Slim™ 143; Sta-Slim™ 151; Tapioca #1 X-Pand'R®; X-Pand'R® 612

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity control agent, soups Binasol™ 15; Canners TF; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh; Coyote Brand Xanthan 80 mesh C; Coyote Brand Xanthan 200 mesh Coyote Brand Xanthan ID; Delta™ 7393; Kol Guard® 7413; Merigel 100; Merigel 310 Merigel 340; Merigel 341; Merigel 342; Merigel 347; Meritena 100 Meritena 200; Meritena 290; Meritena 300; Methocel® K4M Premium; Mira-Sperse® 622 Mira-Sperse® 2000; Mira-Thik® 470; NuStar® 120; Nu-Star® 140; Perma-Flo® HV Pregel 46; Pure Food Powder; Resistamyl 310; Resistamyl 330; Resistamyl 341 Resistamyl 342; Resistamyl 343; Resistamyl 345; Resistamyl 346; Resistamyl 347 Resistamyl 348; Resistamyl 349; Rezista® 682; Rezista® HV; Shur-Fil® 427 Shur-Fil® 677; Sta-Slim™ 151; TIC Pretested® Caragum 200 viscosity control agent, spices EmCap 06376 viscosity control agent, sports drinks Sta-O-Paque® viscosity control agent, spray-dried cheeses EmCap-Instant 12639 viscosity control agent, spray-dried citrus oils EmCap-Instant 12639 viscosity control agent, spray-dried clouds EmCap-Instant 12639 viscosity control agent, spray-dried essences EmCap-Instant 12639 viscosity control agent, stews Thin-N-Thik® 99 viscosity control agent, structured meats Methocel® K4M Premium viscosity control agent, structured poultry Methocel® K4M Premium viscosity control agent, tomato-based prods. Thin-N-Thik® 99 viscosity control agent, viscosity control agent Delta™ 7393 viscosity control agent, vitamin tablets Hydroxypropylcellulose viscosity control agent, whipped topping bases Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate

2631

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity control agent, whipped toppings Hydroxypropylcellulose; Methocel® K15M Premium; Methocel® K100LV Premium viscosity depressant, cold water: baloney TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder viscosity depressant, cold water: hot dogs TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder viscosity depressant, cold water: injected meats TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-3161-F Powder viscosity depressant, cold water: meat emulsions TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-3161-F Powder viscosity depressant, cold water: meat marinades TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-3161-F Powder viscosity depressant, cold water: meat TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder viscosity depressant, cold water: pepperoni TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder viscosity depressant, cold water: salami TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder viscosity depressant, cold water: sausages TIC Pretested® Colloid PM-6009A Powder viscosity modifier Byco A; Byco C; Byco M; Byco O; Solec™ 68 SB Solec™ 68-UB; Solec™ 70 SB; Solec™ 70 UB viscosity modifier, aq. systems Glycosperse® L-10 K viscosity modifier, baked goods Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Solec™ F viscosity modifier, bakery mixes TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/28-D viscosity modifier, bakery prods. Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate viscosity modifier, beverages Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB viscosity modifier, cheeses Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 viscosity modifier, cheese sauces Solec™ F Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity modifier, chocolate Admul WOL 1403; Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB; Solec™ F viscosity modifier, clinical nutrition Capmul® GMS-50; Caprol® 3GS; Caprol® PGE860; Captex® 200P; Captex® 300 Captex® 355 EP/NF; Captex® 355; Captex® 1000; Hydrokote® 112 viscosity modifier, cocoa-based confectionery Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate viscosity modifier, colorants: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate viscosity modifier, confectionery Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate viscosity modifier, convenience foods PEG-80 sorbitan laurate viscosity modifier, dairy prods. PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB viscosity modifier, dairy replacement systems Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F-SB; Centrol® 3F-UB viscosity modifier, desserts Tylopur® C 1000 P2 viscosity modifier, dressings Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate viscosity modifier, egg custard Tylopur® C 1000 P2 viscosity modifier, flavors Capmul® MCM; Capmul® MCMC8; Capmul® MCMC10 viscosity modifier, flavors: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate viscosity modifier, food Agnique GLY 96; Agnique GLY 99-U; Centrocap® 162US; Centrocap® 162US; Centrocap® 273SS Centrocap® 273SS; Centrocap® B; Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB Centrol® 3F-SB; Centrol® 3F-UB; Centrol® 3F-UB Premium; Centrolex® R; Crester PR Emery® 917; Glycosperse® L-10 K; Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 2632

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Lonzest® MSA; Maltotriose; Methocel® A4C Premium; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; PEG-20 sorbitan tritallate Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate; Polysorbate 81; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Solec™ 162SS; Solec™ 162SS; Solec™ D; Solec™ F Solec™ P; Solec™ WD; Solec™ WD; TMaz® 20; T-Maz® 28 T-Maz® 80; T-Maz® 80KLM; T-Maz® 81; Tylopur® C 300 P2; Tylopur® C 600 G1 viscosity modifier, fragrances Capmul® MCM; Capmul® MCMC8; Capmul® MCMC10 viscosity modifier, frostings Solec™ F viscosity modifier, fruit juices Tylopur® C 6000 G1 viscosity modifier, granola bars Solec™ F viscosity modifier, gravies TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/28-D viscosity modifier, infant formulas Capmul® GMS-50; Caprol® 3GS; Caprol® PGE860; Captex® 300; Captex® 355 Captex® 1000; Centrol® 1P-UB; Centrol® 3F-SB; Centrol® 3F-UB; Tricaprin viscosity modifier, instant beverages TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/28-D viscosity modifier, instant cocoa TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/28-D viscosity modifier, instantizing Solec™ D viscosity modifier, instant soup mixes TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/28-D viscosity modifier, ketchup Tylopur® C 1000 P2 viscosity modifier, liquid systems DextriPlus™ HSPR05; DextriPlus™ HSPR18 viscosity modifier, margarine Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB viscosity modifier, marinades TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/28-D viscosity modifier, mayonnaise Tylopur® C 1000 P2 viscosity modifier, meat binders Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

viscosity modifier, meat gravies Solec™ F viscosity modifier, meat Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA; Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB viscosity modifier, milk powders Solec™ F viscosity modifier, milk shakes Tylopur® C 600 G1 viscosity modifier, nondairy creamers Solec™ F viscosity modifier, nutritional applics. Captex® 300 EP/NF; Captex® 8227 viscosity modifier, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® GMS-50; Caprol® 3GS; Caprol® PGE860; Captex® 1000; Hydrokote® 112 viscosity modifier, nutritional supplements Captex® 200P; Tricaprin viscosity modifier, pie fillings Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270 viscosity modifier, salad dressings Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; Powdered Guar Gum Type A; Powdered Guar Gum Type AA Powdered Guar Gum Type B; Powdered Guar Gum Type BB; Tylopur® C 300 P2 viscosity modifier, sauces Locust Bean Gum Type A-100; Locust Bean Gum Type A-250; Locust Bean Gum Type A-270; TIC Pretested® Guar Gum 8/28-D viscosity modifier, shortening Centrol® 3F SB; Centrol® 3F UB viscosity modifier, soft drinks Akwilox 133; Brominated soybean oil; Tylopur® CB 30000 G1 viscosity modifier, sour milk drinks Tylopur® C 6000 G1 viscosity modifier, sports supplements Captex® 355; Tricaprin viscosity modifier, spreadable fats Polyglyceryl polyricinoleate viscosity modifier, vegetable juices Tylopur® C 6000 G1 viscosity modifier, vitamins: nutritional formulas Captex® 100; Propylene glycol dicaprate

2633

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference viscosity modifier, whipped puddings Tylopur® C 1000 P2 viscosity modifier, yogurt Tylopur® C 6000 G1 viscosity reducer Delios® S viscosity reducer, chocolate Chocotop™ 100; Lecisoy 1400; PR-100; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670 viscosity reducer, chocolate coatings Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K viscosity reducer, chocolate prods. Chocotop™ 320 viscosity reducer, chocolates Ryoto Sugar Ester POS-135 viscosity reducer, chocolate syrups Liquamil-340; Liquamil-1200; Liquamil 7000 Concentrate viscosity reducer, compd. coatings Lecisoy 1400 viscosity reducer, confectionery Chocotop™ 100; Lecisoy 1400 viscosity reducer, food ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids; Hetsorb O-5; Santone® 8-1-O; Sucrose stearate viscosity reducer, lecithin Delios® VK viscosity reducer, precooked cereals Liquamil-340; Liquamil-1200; Liquamil 7000 Concentrate viscosity reducer, protein systems Santone® 8-1-O viscosity reducer, starch slurries Kleistase T10S viscosomimetic, artificially sweetened beverages Viscosomimetic - 2, Natural vitamin Folic Acid 10% Trituration; Methyl linoleate; Vitamin A Palmitate USP, FCC Type P1.7 vitamin, anti-pellagra: enriched flour Nicotinic acid vitamin, anti-pellagra: food Nicotinic acid vitamin, anti-pellagra: infant formulas Nicotinic acid vitamin A source, food Shark liver oil vitamin B12 source, animal feed Cyanocobalamin

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

vitamin B12 source, food Cyanocobalamin vitamin B12 source, infant formulas Cyanocobalamin vitamin B source, health industry Engevita® Bland; Engevita® Fortified B; Engevita® Toasted vitamin, cereal grain foods Niacin USP, FCC vitamin C source Calcium ascorbate; Calcium ascorbate; Potassium ascorbate vitamin C source, beverages Ascorbyl palmitate vitamin C source, breads Ascorbyl palmitate vitamin C source, dry preps. Calcium Ascorbate USP FCC vitamin C source, food Ascorbic Acid USP, FCC; Ascorbyl palmitate; Calcium Ascorbate USP FCC; Coated Ascorbic Acid, Type EC; Sodium Ascorbate USP, FCC vitamin C source, gelatin prods. Ascorbic Acid USP, FCC vitamin C source, lemon drinks Ascorbyl palmitate vitamin C source, margarine Ascorbyl palmitate vitamin C source, processed meats Ascorbyl palmitate vitamin C source, rolls Ascorbyl palmitate vitamin C source, shortening Ascorbyl palmitate vitamin D source, enriched farina Yeast, dried irradiated vitamin E fortifier, natural: dry baby formulas Covitol® 700 WD vitamin E fortifier, natural: food Covitol® 700; Covitol® 700 WD vitamin enrichment additive, animal feed Thiamine vitamin E source Vitinc® Wheat Germ Oil vitamin E source, chewable dietary supplements Dry Vitamin E Acetate 50% SD vitamin E source, coated dietary supplements Dry Vitamin E Acetate 50% SD

2634

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference vitamin E source, food Dry Vitamin E Acetate 50% SD; d-αTocopheryl acetate; Tocopheryl succinate; Viobin Wheat Germ Oil vitamin E source, natural Wheat (Triticum vulgare) germ oil vitamin, feeds Vitamin K1 Dry Powd. 1% GFP; Vitamin K1 Dry Powd. 5% GFP vitamin, food Dohyfral D3-2000 AG; DL-Panthenol; Pyridoxine; Retinol; Vitamin K1 Dry Powd. 1% GFP Vitamin K1 Dry Powd. 5% GFP; Vitamin K1 vitamin, food supplements Vitamin K1 vitamin fortifier, beverages Bioblend® vitamin fortifier, cereal Bioblend® vitamin fortifier, dietetic prods. Bioblend® vitamin fortifier, food Bioblend® vitamin fortifier, milling prods. Bioblend® vitamin fortifier, structured prods. Bioblend® vitamin fortifier, surimi Bioblend® vitamin, infant formulas Retinol; Vitamin K1 vitamin, margarine Dohyfral D3-2000 AG vitamin, milk Dohyfral D3-2000 AG vitamin-mineral blend Bioblend # 7 vitamin, nutrition p-Aminobenzoic acid vitamin source, baked goods Amaranthus cruentus; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ vitamin source, bakery prods. Bar ENRICH™ 040; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets vitamin source, breading Puffed Amaranth vitamin source, breakfast bars Bar ENRICH™ 040 vitamin source, breakfast cereals Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

vitamin source, breads Puffed Amaranth vitamin source, cakes Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets vitamin source, cereals Amaranthus cruentus; Puffed Amaranth vitamin source, confectionery Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets vitamin source, cookies Puffed Amaranth; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets vitamin source, crackers Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets vitamin source, dietetic foods Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ vitamin source, dressings Amaranthus cruentus vitamin source, essential Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-6 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-630 Nuggets; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Flour; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-GI Granules; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Flour Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R Granules; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Type-R80R Flour vitamin source, flour Amaranthus cruentus vitamin source, food Puffed Amaranth; Vitamin E dl-alpha Tocopheryl Acetate USP vitamin source, food supplements Yeast vitamin source, nutritional snack foods Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ Nuggets vitamin source, snack foods Amaranthus cruentus; Bar ENRICH™ 040; Puffed Amaranth; Vitinc® Defatted Wheat Germ vitamin source, stuffing Puffed Amaranth vitamin supplement, breads Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid vitamin supplement, buns Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid vitamin supplement, corn meal Domestic CM Enrichment with Folic Acid 2635

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference vitamin supplement, flour Rich-Pak® vitamin supplement, food Folic acid; Lutavit® Niacin Feed Grade; Retinyl palmitate; Vitamin A and D-3 Blend vitamin supplement, infant formulas Retinyl palmitate vitamin supplement, rolls Bakery Enrichment Blend with Folic Acid; Bakery Enrichment Blend R with Folic Acid vitamin supplement, special dietary foods Calcium pantothenate calcium chloride double salt (d or dl) volume control agent, baked goods Baka-Snak® volume control agent, baked snacks Baka-Snak® volume control agent, breading mixes Baka-Snak® volume control agent, confectionery intermediates Baka-Snak® volume control agent, cookies Baka-Snak® volume control agent, crackers Baka-Snak® volume control agent, fried puffed snacks Baka-Snak® volume control agent, instant puddings Baka-Snak® volume control agent, pet foods Baka-Snak® volume enhancer, baked goods JustFiber® WWF10; JustFiber® WWF40; JustFiber® WWF200; JustFiber® WWF300; Solka-Floc® 20 FCC Solka-Floc® 200 FCC; Solka-Floc® 300 FCC; Solka-Floc® 900 FCC volume improver, baked goods Aldosperse® MS-20 KFG; AMG 800 BG; NFlate™ volume improver, bakery prods. Akucell® AF 3295; Doughcon-Ace MB volume improver, batters Sorbitan 60 K volume improver, breads Amflex volume improver, cake mixes Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; N-Flate™; N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin; Vykamol 83G

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

volume improver, cakes Aldo® MS LG KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Crester KZ; EC-25®; GMS 402V Grindsted™ FSB; Methocel® K100LV Premium; Myvatex® 40-06S; PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B PenPlus® 300; Span® 60 volume improver, cakes/cake mixes Aldo® PGHMS KFG volume improver, coffee whiteners Span® 60 volume improver, confectionery coatings Span® 60 volume improver, dry-food mixes N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin volume improver, dry-mix cakes Benecel® MP 643 volume improver, east-raised baked goods Aldosperse® MS-20 FG volume improver, fillings Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K; Lumisorb™ SMS KP volume improver, flour confectioneries Crester KZ volume improver, food Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Prefera® SSL volume improver, frozen doughs Doughcon-Ace MB volume improver, gravy mixes N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin volume improver, icings Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K; Lumisorb™ SMS KP; Tandem® 5; Tandem® 8 volume improver, icings/toppings Vykamol 83G volume improver, microwave cakes Methocel® A15LV Premium; N-Flate™ volume improver, muffins Methocel® K100LV Premium; PenPlus® 205; PenPlus® 205B volume improver, reduced-calorie baked goods N-Flate™ volume improver, shortening Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG volume improver, soup mixes N-Zorbit® M; Tapioca maltodextrin volume improver, sponge cakes Ryoto Sugar Ester S-570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-770; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-970;

2636

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1570; Ryoto Sugar Ester S-1670 Sucrose distearate; Sucrose stearate volume improver, whipped prods. N-Flate™ volume improver, whipped toppings Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Span® 60 volume improver, yeast-raised baked goods CDC-79; Prefera® SSL volume improver, yeast-raised bakery prods. CDC-50; CDC-2500 volume improver, yeast-raised doughs Panodan™ FDP Kosher volumizer Atmos® 378 K volumizer, cakes Tandem® 11H K washing agent Sodium lactate washing agent, food Disodium capryloamphodiacetate; Sunny Safe washing water agent, fruit/vegetable washing/lye peeling Potassium bromide; Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; Sodium methylnaphthalenesulfonate; Sodium octyl sulfate water absorbent, breading compds. Paygel® 290/295 water absorbent, canned chili Paygel® 290/295 water absorbent, donuts Paygel® 290/295 water absorbent, flour-based mixes Paygel® 290/295 water absorbent, food Paygel® 290/295 water absorbent, gravies Paygel® 290/295 water absorbent, meat sauces Paygel® 290/295 water absorbent, sausages Paygel® 290/295 water absorbent, soups Paygel® 290/295 water activity reducer, food ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

water additive, boiler: food contact Acetic acid; Acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer; Algin; Ammonium alginate; Carboxymethylcellulose sodium Etidronic acid; Pentasodium triphosphate; Polyethylene glycol; Polyglycol P1200; Polyglycol P2000 Polyglycol P4000; Polymaleic acid; Polymaleic acid sodium salt; Polypropylene glycol; Polysorbate 20 Polywet® ND-2; Polywet® ND-35; Polywet® WTC 6512; Polywet® Z-1766; Potassium carbonate Potassium tripolyphosphate; PPG-15; PPG20; PPG-26; PPG-5-buteth-7 PPG-12-buteth-16; PPG-20-buteth-30; PPG28-buteth-35; PPG-33-buteth-45; Rhodaline 202 Sodium acetate anhydrous; Sodium carbonate; Sodium hydroxide; Sodium metabisulfite; Sodium metasilicate Sodium nitrate; Sodium phosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous; Sodium polyacrylate; Sodium polymethacrylate Sodium silicate; Sodium sulfate; Sodium sulfate decahydrate; Sodium sulfite; Sorbitan stearate Tannic acid; Tetrasodium EDTA; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate water additive, boiler: food processing Polysorbate 60 water corrective Potassium sulfate water-holding aid, baby foods PenCook® 30; PenCook® 37 water-holding aid, chicken marinades PenCook® 37 water-holding aid, coatings PenCook® 30; PenCook® 37 water-holding aid, dairy desserts PenCook® 37 water-holding aid, dairy prods. PenCook® 30 water-holding aid, desserts PenCook® 30 water-holding aid, health foods PenCook® 37 water-holding aid, ice cream PenCook® 37 water-holding aid, mushroom marinades PenCook® 37

2637

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference water-holding aid, processed meats PenCook® 37 water-holding aid, protein PenCook® 30 water-holding aid, puffed snacks PenCook® 37 water-holding aid, snack foods PenCook® 30 water imbiber, food Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins water imbiber, health foods Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins water loss control agent, baked goods TIC Pretested® Colloid 590 T Powder water loss control agent, frozen tortillas TIC Pretested® Colloid 590 T Powder water migration control agent, bread dry mixes Arise 5000™ water migration control agent, cake dry mixes Arise 5000™ water migration control agent, frozen bread dough Arise 5000™ water migration control agent, frozen doughs Arise 5000™ water migration control agent, par-baked doughs Arise 5000™; Arise 5000™ water migration control agent, par-baked pizza crust Arise 5000™ water migration control agent, pizza sauce to crust Actoloid® 665 water migration control agent, pocket sandwiches Arise 5000™ water migration control agent, refrigerated dough Arise 5000™ water repellent Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K water repellent, food Calcium Stearate 920-T; Simethicone water retention agent Swelite® Micro water retention agent, baked goods Calcium phosphate dibasic; Novamyl™ 1500 MG water retention agent, baking powder Potassium phosphate Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

water retention agent, caramel Potassium phosphate water retention agent, cereal prods. Calcium phosphate dibasic water retention agent, cheese processing Potassium phosphate water retention agent, cheeses Tetrasodium pyrophosphate water retention agent, cooked meat Ceamgel 3383 water retention agent, food Ammonium polyphosphate; Benecel® Methylcellulose; Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate; Calcium phosphate dibasic; Calcium phosphate monobasic anhydrous Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium polyphosphate; Carboxymethylmethylcellulose; Cekol® 30; Cekol 150 Cekol® 300; Cekol® 500 T; Cekol® 700; Cekol® 2000; Cekol® 2000S Cekol® 4000; Cekol® 10000; Cekol® 10000 I; Cekol® 30000; Cekol® 50000 Cekol® 100000; Dicalcium diphosphate; Dimagnesium diphosphate; Dipotassium diphosphate; Potassium phosphate Potassium phosphate dibasic; Potassium phosphate tribasic; Potassium polyphosphate; Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Sodium calcium polyphosphate Sodium phosphate; Sodium phosphate tribasic; Sodium polyphosphate; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Trisodium diphosphate water retention agent, meat processing Potassium phosphate water retention agent, poultry Ceamgel 3383 water retention agent, seafood Ceamgel 3383 water retention agent, sliced meats Ceamgel 3383 water treatment, food processing Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate; Sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate water vapor barrier Ethocel™ Standard 4 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 7 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 2638

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference 10 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 14 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 20 Premium Ethocel™ Standard 45 Premium; Ethocel™ Standard 100 Premium wax, candy coatings S-Nauba #1-120; S-Nauba #1 Flake; SNauba #3-120; S-Nauba #3 Flake; S-Nauba 5021 wax, cheeses Koster Keunen Paraffin Wax wax, citrus fruit coating emulsions Licowax PED 121 wax, confectionery Beeswax, synthetic wax, emulsions: citrus fruit coatings Glycol/butylene glycol montanate wax, food Castorwax® NF; Hydrogenated castor oil; IGI 1070A; IGI 1230A; IGI 1239A IGI 1240A; Koster Keunen Paraffin Wax wax, food coatings Astor™ OK 6080 wax, fruit coatings Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer; Lakewax 37; Lakewax 52; Lakewax 60/40; Luwax® OA 5 S-Nauba #1-120; S-Nauba #1 Flake; SNauba #3-120; S-Nauba #3 Flake; S-Nauba 5021 wax, fruits Koster Keunen Paraffin Wax wax, vegetables Koster Keunen Paraffin Wax weepage prevention agent, cooked meat prods. Ceamgel 1313™ weepage prevention agent, seafood prods. Ceamgel 1313™ weeping control agent, glazes Midsol™ 75 weeping control agent, icings Midsol™ 75 weighting agent, beverage emulsions DREWPOL® 10-1-CC; Sustane SAIB; Sustane SAIB CO; Sustane SAIB ET-10 weighting agent, flavors Bromine weighting agent, fragrances Bromine

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

wetting agent Alcolec® PS 20 P; Alcolec® PS 40 P; Alcolec® PS 50 P; Avapol™ 20; Avapol™ 20K Avapol™ 60; Avapol™ 60K; Cithrol GMO N/E; Crillet 4 Super; Crodamol GTCC Ethylene oxide; Glyceryl stearate SE; Poloxamer 122; Poloxamer 183; Poloxamer 215 Polyaldo® DGDO; Tween® 61 wetting agent, animal fats Sodium lauryl sulfate wetting agent, antistaling: confectioneries Solec™ K wetting agent, baked goods Emulthin M-35; Lecithin; Phosphatidylcholine; Solec™ A; Solec™ F Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P wetting agent, bakery prods. PEG-80 sorbitan laurate wetting agent, beverage powders Lecithin wetting agent, beverages Beakin LV1; Complemix® 50; Complemix® 100; Polyaldo® 10-6-O KFG wetting agent, breads Precept™ 8120™; Solec™ K; Solec™ M; Solec™ W wetting agent, buns Solec™ K wetting agent, cake icings Alkamuls® PSMO-20 wetting agent, cakes Polysorbate 60 wetting agent, cheese sauces Centrophase® HR2B; Solec™ F wetting agent, chocolate Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Solec™ F wetting agent, chocolate candy Phosphatidylcholine wetting agent, clinical nutrition Capmul® GMO; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 10G40; Caprol® PGE860 wetting agent, cocoa powder Lecithin; Santone® 8-1-O wetting agent, coffee whiteners Polysorbate 60 wetting agent, cold water-soluble food Metarin™ 436

2639

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference wetting agent, colorants Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Glycosperse® S20 KFG; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-190; Ryoto Sugar Ester ER-290; Ryoto Sugar Ester P170 wetting agent, colorants: food Sucrose erucate wetting agent, confectionery coatings Polysorbate 60 wetting agent, confectionery PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P wetting agent, continuous cooking systems Centrophase® HR4B wetting agent, convenience foods PEG-80 sorbitan laurate wetting agent, dairy prods. Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G Ultralec® P wetting agent, deep-fat fryer systems Centrophase® HR4B wetting agent, delicately-flavored food systems Solec™ M; Solec™ W wetting agent, dressings Polysorbate 60 wetting agent, dried milk powders Imwitor® 948 wetting agent, drinks Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate wetting agent, fatty powders Alcolec® Z-3; Solec™ A; Solec™ S wetting agent, flavors Tween® 81; Tween® 85 wetting agent, flavor-sensitive drinks Solec® C wetting agent, flavor-sensitive food Solec® C wetting agent, food Alcolec® BS; Alcolec® Granules; Alcolec® S; Alcolec® Z-3; Alkamuls® PSMO-20 Avapol™ 65; Avapol™ 80; Avapol™ 80K; Avester™ SMS sobitan ester; Capmul® GMO Centrolex® R; Centrophase® HR2B; Centrophase® HR4B; Cithrol GDO N/E; Cithrol GDO S/E Cithrol GDS N/E; Cithrol GDS S/E; Cithrol GML S/E; Cithrol GMS A/S; Cithrol GMS N/E

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cithrol GMS S/E; Cithrol PGML S/E; Cithrol PGMO S/E; Complemix® 50; Complemix® 100 Crill 1; Crill 2; Crill 43; Crill 45; Crill 50 Crillet 1 HP; Crillet 1 NF; Crillet 4 HP; Crillet 4 NF; Crillet 31 Crillet 35; Crillet 41; Crillet 45; Detergent CR; Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate Durem™ 300; Emulthin M-35; EO/PO block polymer or copolymer; Glyceryl dioleate; Glyceryl dioleate SE Glyceryl distearate; Glyceryl distearate SE; Glyceryl laurate SE; Glyceryl oleate SE; Glyceryl ricinoleate Glyceryl ricinoleate SE; Hercules® AR 160; Lamchem™ PE-113; Lamchem™ PE-130 K; Lauryl betaine Lecithin; Meroxapol 105; Nonoxynol-6; Nonoxynol-10; Nonoxynol-11 Nonoxynol-12; Nonoxynol-40; Nonoxynol50; Octoxynol-9; Octoxynol-30 Octoxynol-40; PEG-6 dilaurate; PEG-20 dilaurate; PEG-32 dilaurate; PEG-75 dilaurate PEG-150 dilaurate; PEG-4 dioleate; PEG-6 dioleate; PEG-8 dioleate; PEG-20 dioleate PEG-32 dioleate; PEG-75 dioleate; PEG-150 dioleate; PEG-6 distearate; PEG-20 distearate PEG-32 distearate; PEG-75 distearate; PEG20 glyceryl stearate; PEG-32 laurate; PEG-6 oleate PEG-32 oleate; PEG-75 oleate; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; PEG-20 sorbitan tritallate; PEG-6 stearate PEG-32 stearate; PEG-75 stearate; Phosphatidylcholine; Polyaldo® 10-6-O KFG; Polysorbate 21 Polysorbate 40; Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 80; Polysorbate 85; Precept™ 8160™ Propylene glycol; Propylene glycol laurate; Propylene glycol laurate SE; Propylene glycol oleate; Propylene glycol oleate SE Propylene glycol ricinoleate; Propylene glycol ricinoleate SE; Propylene glycol stearate SE; Rhodapon® LSB; Rhodapon® SM Special Ryoto Sugar Ester B-370; Ryoto Sugar Ester L-595; Ryoto Sugar Ester L-1695; Ryoto Sugar Ester M-1695; Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570 2640

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference Solec™ A; Solec™ D; Solec™ E; Solec™ F; Solec® HR Solec™ P; Solec™ S; Sorbitan sesquioleate; Sorbitan stearate; STEPANOL® LCP Sucrose dilaurate; Sucrose laurate; Sucrose myristate; Sucrose polystearate; Sucrose tribehenate T-Maz® 20; T-Maz® 28; T-Maz® 80; T-Maz® 80KLM; T-Maz® 81 Topcithin® AF-1 Type DB; Topcithin® SB; Topcitihin® UB wetting agent, food processing Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate; Sulfotex OA wetting agent, food spray releases Solec® 152 wetting agent, food washing/peeling Miranol® J2M Conc. wetting agent, fresh citrus fruit coatings Rhodapon® LSB; Rhodapon® SM Special wetting agent, frostings Solec™ F; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P wetting agent, fumaric acid Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate wetting agent, fumaric acid-acidulated food Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate wetting agent, granola bars Solec™ F wetting agent, ice cream mixes Alkamuls® PSMO-20 wetting agent, ice cream stabilizers Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P wetting agent, icings Polyaldo® 10-6-O KFG; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P wetting agent, infant formulas Capmul® GMO; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 10G40; Caprol® PGE860 wetting agent, instant beverage mixes Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P wetting agent, instant foods Beakin LV1; Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P wetting agent, instantizing Solec™ D wetting agent, instantizing milk powders Solec™ E wetting agent, instantizing whole milk powders Solec™ K

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

wetting agent, margarine Glyceryl stearate SE; Phosphatidylcholine wetting agent, mayonnaise Phosphatidylcholine wetting agent, meat Ultralec® F; Ultralec® G; Ultralec® P wetting agent, meat gravies Solec™ F wetting agent, meat prods. Lecithin wetting agent, milk powders Solec™ F wetting agent, nondairy creamers Centrophase® HR2B; Solec™ F wetting agent, nonstandard frozen desserts Alkamuls® PSMO-20 wetting agent, nutritional/sports supplements Capmul® GMO; Caprol® 3GO; Caprol® 10G40; Caprol® PGE860 wetting agent, oil-based aerosol spray release systems Solec® 152 wetting agent, oleomargarine Lecithin wetting agent, o/w emulsions Solec™ K wetting agent, pie fillings Polyaldo® 10-6-O KFG wetting agent, pita Precept™ 8120™ wetting agent, poultry Crill 4; Lecithin wetting agent, poultry defeathering Glycosperse® O-20 KFG; Liposorb O-20; Lumisorb™ PSMO-20 FGK wetting agent, poultry scalds Polysorbate 80 wetting agent, precooked waffles Precept™ 8140™ wetting agent, proteins Santone® 8-1-O wetting agent, rolls Solec™ K wetting agent, shortening Centrophase® HR2B; Glyceryl stearate SE; Lecithin wetting agent, shortenings/edible oils Polysorbate 60 wetting agent, sugar-coated snacks Precept™ 8140™ wetting agent, vegetable/animal fats Blendmax 322 2641

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference wetting agent, vegetable/fruit scrubbing Ryoto Sugar Ester O-1570 wetting agent, vegetable oils Sodium lauryl sulfate wetting agent, vitamin oils Tween® 81; Tween® 85 wetting agent, whipped toppings Polyaldo® 10-6-O KFG; Polysorbate 60 wetting agent, whole milk powders Blendmax 322 wheat flour replacement, gluten-free Plantain Powder Trobana® wheat flour substitute, gluten-free Green Banana Powder Trogreen Trobana® whey separation inhibitor Lactarin® MV-308 whipping agent Paniplex CK; Soft-Set® whipping agent, aerated confectionery Egg whites; Egg White Solids Type P-18-J; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic #1 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic 6/60 FCC Granular; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-101 GR Powder TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic BEV-202 Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Extra Special Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT-1 Powd.; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic FT Pre-Hydrated® TIC Pretested® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic FT Powder; TIC Pretested® Pre-Hydrated® Gum Arabic Spray Dry FCC Powd. whipping agent, baked goods Sodium stearoyl lactylate whipping agent, bakery nonaq. lipid systems Santone® 3-1-S XTR whipping agent, biscuits BV 46 whipping agent, breads Calcium stearoyl fumarate whipping agent, cake fillings Lamequick® CE 6630 whipping agent, cake icings Polyaldo® TGMS KFG whipping agent, cake mixes Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

whipping agent, cakes Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; BV 46; Polyaldo® TGMS KFG whipping agent, cakes/cake mixes Aldo® PGHMS KFG whipping agent, coffee whiteners Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol whipping agent, confectioneries Egg White Solids Type P-18 whipping agent, confectionery Santone® 3-1-S XTR whipping agent, creams Polyaldo® HGDS KFG whipping agent, dairy prods. Santone® 3-1-S XTR whipping agent, dehydrated potatoes Sodium stearoyl lactylate whipping agent, desserts Crester KZ; Sodium caseinate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate whipping agent, dried egg whites Citrofol® AI whipping agent, egg batters BV 46 whipping agent, fat-based systems Polyaldo® TGMS; Polyaldo® TGMS KFG whipping agent, fat reduction Caprol® 3GS whipping agent, foamy cocktail mixes Yucca glauca extract whipping agent, food Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Aldosperse® O-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG Aldosperse® TS-40 KFG; Calcium/sodium stearoyl lactylate; Calcium stearoyl lactylate; Caprol® 3GS; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol Pationic® 925; Pationic® 930; Pationic® 940; Rhodapon® LSB; Rhodapon® SM Special Sammi Gelatine; Santone® 3-1-S XTR; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; STEPANOL® LCP; Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins whipping agent, fresh citrus fruit coatings Rhodapon® LSB; Rhodapon® SM Special whipping agent, frozen dairy systems Aldo® LP KFG

2642

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference whipping agent, frozen desserts Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS40 KFG; Caprol® 3GS; Lamequick® CE 6630 whipping agent, health foods Vee Gee Pharmaceutical Gelatins whipping agent, ice cream Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS40 KFG whipping agent, icings Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Polyaldo® HGDS; Sodium stearoyl lactylate whipping agent, low-alcohol beers Yucca glauca extract whipping agent, marshmallows Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin; Sodium lauryl sulfate whipping agent, mixes Sodium stearoyl lactylate whipping agent, mousse desserts Lamequick® CE 6630 whipping agent, mousses Edible Kosher Beef Gelatin whipping agent, puddings Sodium stearoyl lactylate whipping agent, ready-to-use powder mixes BV 46 whipping agent, sherbets Aldosperse® TS-20 KFG; Aldosperse® TS40 KFG; Tween® 65 whipping agent, shortening Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Polyaldo® TGMS whipping agent, soft drinks Yucca glauca extract whipping agent, sponge cake mixes BV 46 whipping agent, whipped creams Polyaldo® HGMP KFG whipping agent, whipped toppings Aldo® LP KFG; Aldo® PGHMS KFG; Aldo® PGME-90 KFG; Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Lamequick® CE 6630 Lumisorb™ PSMS-20 K; Polyaldo® HGDS; Tween® 65 whitener, bakery prods. AccuFlo 05602 whitener, cappuccino DP 374

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

whitener, chewing gum AccuFlo 05602 whitener, Chinese steamed bread Lipopan S BG whitener, coffee Atmos® 150; Atmos® 300 K; Caprylic triglyceride; Coconad MT; Coconad RK whitener, cooked white noodles Noopazyme whitener, crumb: breads Nutrisoy® 7B whitener, crumb: rolls Nutrisoy® 7B whitener, donut coatings AccuFlo 05602 whitener, donut sugars AccuCoat® 05520 whitener, dusting starches AccuCoat® 05520 whitener, gummy bears AccuCoat® 05520 whitener, health drinks CMP-GP; CMP-I® whitener, hot beverages DP 374 whitener, hot chocolate drinks DP 374 whitener, jelly beans AccuCoat® 05520 whitener, jelly slices AccuCoat® 05520 whitener, marshmallows AccuFlo 05602 whitener, medical/diet prods. CMP-GP; CMP-I® whitener, shaped candies AccuCoat® 05520 whitener, sheeted doughs AccuFlo 05602 whitener, sugar coatings AccuCoat® 05520 whitener, yeast-raised baked goods Dri-Do whiteness improver Lipopan 50 BG whitening agent, coffee DP 313; DP 325; DP 363 whitening agent, hot beverages DP 313; DP 325; DP 363 whitening agent, hot chocolate DP 313; DP 325; DP 363

2643

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference whitening agent, sugar shells Flojel® 60; Flojel® 65; Flojel® G whitening agent, tea DP 313; DP 325; DP 363 whole egg substitute, cakes Hentex-12 whole egg substitute, cookies Hentex-12 whole egg substitute, food Hentex-35 whole egg substitute, muffins Hentex-12 whole milk substitute, artisimal ice cream Esprion® 611 whole milk substitute, bakery prods. Esprion® 611 whole milk substitute, ice cream Esprion® 611 whole milk substitute, pastry prods. Esprion® 611 whole milk substitute, sauces Esprion® 611 whole milk substitute, soups Esprion® 611 xanthan gum substitute, bakery fillings Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 xanthan gum substitute, bakery icings Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 xanthan gum substitute, broths Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 xanthan gum substitute, confectionery Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 xanthan gum substitute, emulsions Vis*Quick® 11 xanthan gum substitute, frozen dairy desserts Vis*Quick® 21 xanthan gum substitute, gravies Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 xanthan gum substitute, salad dressings Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 xanthan gum substitute, sauces Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 xanthan gum substitute, soups Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 xanthan gum substitute, syrups Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 xanthan gum substitute, toppings Vis*Quick® 11; Vis*Quick® 21 xanthan substitute Merecol® LK

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

yeast food Ammonium phosphate; B.F. Vita Plus 6429; Calcium lactate; Calcium oxide; Calcium phosphate dibasic Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium sulfate; KC Yeast Food - No Bromate; KC Yeast Food - No Oxidants Potassium phosphate yeast, food Potassium phosphate dibasic yeast food, baked goods Ammonium sulfate; Calcium sulfate dihydrate yeast food, beer-brewing Ammonium chloride yeast food, beer malting Potassium chloride yeast food, breads Brew Aid B Without Oxidants; Fermaloid® yeast food, brew systems: controlled fermentation Ferment Buffer yeast food, cheese spreads Bakers yeast extract yeast food, dough stage: brew systems Brew Aid B Without Oxidants; Brewloid® yeast food, fermentation Fermaloid® yeast food, food Ammonium chloride; Ammonium sulfate; Bakers yeast extract; Calcium carbonate; Calcium Oxide 801 Potassium chloride yeast food, food processing Calcium Oxide 801 yeast food, frozen desserts Bakers yeast extract yeast food, gelatin Ammonium sulfate yeast food, infant formulas Potassium chloride yeast food, puddings Ammonium sulfate yeast food, raised baked goods Arco B yeast food, salad dressings Bakers yeast extract yeast food, snack dips Bakers yeast extract yeast food, sour cream prods. Bakers yeast extract 2644

Part III: Functional/Application Cross-Reference yeast improver, wine-making Ammonium bisulfite yeast inhibitor, baked goods Potassium sorbate yeast inhibitor, beverages Dimethyl dicarbonate; Potassium sorbate yeast inhibitor, cakes Potassium sorbate yeast inhibitor, cheeses Potassium sorbate yeast inhibitor, cold sterilization: beverages Velcorin® yeast inhibitor, dealcoholized wine Dimethyl dicarbonate yeast inhibitor, dry fish Sorbic acid yeast inhibitor, fish Potassium sorbate yeast inhibitor, food Dimethyl dicarbonate; Potassium sorbate; Sorbic acid yeast inhibitor, fresh salads Potassium sorbate yeast inhibitor, fruit juices Potassium sorbate yeast inhibitor, low-alcohol wine Dimethyl dicarbonate yeast inhibitor, margarine Potassium sorbate yeast inhibitor, meat Sorbic acid yeast inhibitor, pickled goods Potassium sorbate yeast inhibitor, salad dressings Potassium sorbate yeast inhibitor, tea Dimethyl dicarbonate yeast inhibitor, tobacco Sorbic acid yeast inhibitor, whole citrus fruits Preventol® O Extra Flakes; Preventol® ON Extra Flakes yeast inhibitor, wine Dimethyl dicarbonate; Potassium sorbate yeast nutrient, alcoholic beverages Urea yeast nutrient, baked goods Ammonium carbonate

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

yeast nutrient, baking powder Ammonium carbonate yeast nutrient, caramel Ammonium carbonate yeast nutrient, food Ammonium carbonate; Calcium Carbonate 2927 Extra Heavy; Calcium Carbonate 2928 Ultra Heavy; Calcium Carbonate BC 300 Light; Calcium Carbonate BC 2924 Extra Light Calcium Carbonate BC 2925 Medium; Calcium Carbonate BC 2926 Light; Calcium Carbonate Purified 2923 Heavy yeast nutrient, gelatin prods. Urea yeast nutrient, gelatin Ammonium carbonate yeast nutrient, wine Ammonium carbonate yeast nutrient, yeast-raised baked goods Carbrea® Tabs yeast nutrient, yeast-raised bakery prods. Urea yield improver, cooked meat Ceamgel 3383 yield improver, fish Pescamine yield improver, meat prods. EM 9N yield improver, poultry Ceamgel 3383 yield improver, processed cheeses CrystalBan™ yield improver, processed meat prods. Akucell® AF 3295; Curafos® Optibind; Curafos® Optibalance; TIC Pretested® Ticagel® ME 100 yield improver, seafood Ceamgel 3383 yield improver, sliced meat Ceamgel 3383 zinc source, dietary: food Zinc methionine sulfate zinc source, dietary: vitamin tablets Zinc methionine sulfate zinc source, food Zinc sulfate; Zinc sulfate heptahydrate

2645

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory AAA International Corp. 515 Ogden Ave., Suite 317, Downers Grove, IL, 60515, USA (Tel: 630-964-1249; FAX: 630-964-1649; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aaainternational.com) Aabbitt Adhesives Inc. 2403 N. Oakley Ave., Chicago, IL, 606472009, USA (Tel: 773-227-2700; 800-2222488; FAX: 773-227-2103; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aabbitt.com) AAE Chemie NV Ericalaan 26, 2920 Kalmthout, Belgium (Tel: 32 3 568 1166; FAX: 32 3 568 0597; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aaechemie.com) Aarhus Karlshamn Aarhus Karlshamn Denmark A/S, M.P. Bruuns Gade 27, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark (Tel: 45 87 30 60 00; FAX: 45 87 30 60 12; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aak.com/) AarhusKarlshamn USA Inc., 131 Marsh St., PO Box 4240, Port Newark, NJ, 07114, USA (Tel: 973-344-1300; FAX: 973-344-9049) AarhusKarlshamn Australia Pty Ltd., 4 Endeavour Close, Castle Hill, NSW, 2154, Australia (Tel: 61 2 885 03522; FAX: 61 2 885 03422) AarhusKarlshamn UK Ltd., King George Dock, Kingston-upon-Hull, North Humberside, HU9 5PX, UK (Tel: 44 1482 701 271; FAX: 44 1482 709 447; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aak.com/) Aarti Industries Ltd. Udyog Kshetra, 2nd Floor, Mulund, Goregaon Link Road,, Mulund (West), Mumbai, 400 080, India (Tel: 91 22 55976666; FAX: 91 22 25904806; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aartigroup.com) Aastrid International 247-248, Udyog Bhavan, Sonawala Lane., Goregaon (E), Mumbai, 400 063, India (Tel: 91-22-26858570; FAX: 91-22-26859570; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aastrid.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Abaco Inc. 700 Junes Way, Eastanollee, GA, 30538, USA (Tel: 706-779-0001; 800-245-6424; FAX: 706-779-2000; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.abacoinc.net/) Abbott Laboratories Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Rd., Abbott Park, IL, 60064-6400, USA (Tel: 847937-6100; 800-240-1043; Internet: http://www.abbott.com) Abbott Laboratories Ltd., Div. of Abbott Laboratories, Abbott House, Vanwall Business Park ; Vanwall Road, Maidenhead, Berkshire, SL6 4XE, UK (Tel: 44 1628 773355; FAX: 44 1628 644 305; Internet: http://www.abbottuk.com) Abbott GmbH & Co. KG, Max-Planck-Ring 2, 65205 Wiesbaden-Delkenheim, Germany (Tel: 49 6122 580; FAX: 49 6122)58 1244; E-mail: [email protected]) Abbott S.A.-N.V., Div. of Abbott Laboratories, 2 rue du Bosquet, Parc Scientifique, 1348 Ottignies, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium (Tel: 32 10 475 311; FAX: 32 10 475 575) ABCR GmbH & Co. KG Im Schlehert 10, D-76187 Karlsruhe, Germany (Tel: 49-721-95061-0; FAX: 49-721-9506180; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.abcr.de) AB Enzymes AB Enzymes, Div. of ABF Ingredients Corp., 214 Rockmont Drive, Fort Mill, SC, 297087934, USA (Tel: 803-547-7800; FAX: 803547-0891; E-mail: [email protected]) AB Enzymes GmbH, Part of ABF (Associated British Foods), Feldbergstrasse 78, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany (Tel: 49 6151 3680 100; FAX: 49 6151 3680 120; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.abenzymes.com) ABITEC Corp. Subsid. of Associated British Foods (ABF), 501 W. First Ave., PO Box 569, Columbus, OH, 43216-0569, USA (Tel: 614-429-6464; 800526-4547; FAX: 614-299-8279; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.abiteccorp.com)

2646

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Acatris Acatris Netherlands, Röntgenweg 6, 3752 LJ Bunschoten, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 33 298 20 34; FAX: 31 33 298 68 27; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.acatris.com) Acatris Inc., 3300 Edinborough Way, Minneapolis, MN, 55435, USA (Tel: 952920-7700; FAX: 952-920-7704; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.acatris.com) Accord Corporation PO Box 1288, Highland Park, NJ, 08904, USA (Tel: 732-819-8738; FAX: 732-819-7431; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.accordchem.com) Accurate Chemical & Scientific Corp. 300 Shames Dr., Westbury, NY, 11590, USA (Tel: 516-333-2221; 800-645-6264; FAX: 516-997-4948; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.accuratechemical.com) Accurate Ingredients Inc. 160 Eileen Way, Syosset, NY, 11791, USA (Tel: 516-496-2500; FAX: 516-496-2516; Internet: http://www.acing-iri.com) AccuStandard Inc. 125 Market Street, New Haven, CT, 06513, USA (Tel: 203-786-5290; 800-442-5290; FAX: 203-786-5287; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.accustandard.com) Aceitera Tapatia Cerezo 1221, Col. Del Fresno, Guadalajara Jal, 44900, Mexico (Tel: 52-3338106004; FAX: 52 3338116087) Aceto Corporation 1 Hollow Lane, Suite 201, Lake Success, NY, 11042-1215, USA (Tel: 516-627-6000; FAX: 516-627-6093; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aceto.com) Acme-Hardesty Co. Div. of Jacob Stern & Sons, Inc., 1787 Sentry Parkway West, Suite 18-460, Blue Bell, PA, 19422, USA (Tel: 215-591-3610; 800-2237054; FAX: 215-591-3620; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.acme-hardesty.com) Acros Organics N.V. Div. of Fisher Scientific, Janssen Pharmaceuticalaan 3A, 2440 Geel, B-2440, Belgium (Tel: 32 14 575 353; FAX: 32 14 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

593 434; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.acros.com) ACTA Pharmacal Co. 380 N. Pastoria Ave., Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA (Tel: 408-732-6830; FAX: 408-7320208) Active Organics, Inc. 1097 Yates St., Lewisville, TX, 75057-4829, USA (Tel: 972-221-7500; 800-541-1478; FAX: 972-221-3324; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.activeorganics.com) ADA International Room 416, Huikai Bldg., Bldg. No. 35, Erlizhuang Xiaoqu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 6226 2026; FAX: 86 10 6226 2025; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.joinme.net/ada/index.htm) Adams Food Ingredients Ltd. Prince St., Leek, Staffordshire, ST13 6DB, UK (Tel: 44 1538 399686; FAX: 44 1538 399766; Internet: http://www.adamsfood.com) Adeka Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Subsid. of Asahi Denka Kogyo, 7-2-35 Higashi-ogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, 116-8554, Japan (Tel: 81 3 4455-2811; Internet: http://www.adk.co.jp) Adept Solutions Inc. 725 Paradise Ct., Soquel, CA, 95073-2347, USA (Tel: 831-477-1344; 888-477-6644; FAX: 831-477-1348) Adheswara Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. 26, Royapettah High Rd., Chennai, 600 014, India (Tel: 91 44 28267019; FAX: 91 44 24360480) ADM ADM, Archer Daniels Midland, 4666 Faries Pkwy., Decatur, IL, 62526, USA (Tel: 217362-3949; 800-637-5843; FAX: 217-4244119; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.admworld.com) ADM Arkady, Div. Archer Daniels Midland Co., 100 South Paniplus Drive, Olathe, KS, 66061, USA (Tel: 913-782-8800; 866-5458200; FAX: 913-782-1792; Internet: http://www.admworld.com) ADM Corn Processing, Div. Archer Daniels Midland Co., 4666 Faries Parkway, Decatur, IL, 62526, USA (Tel: 217-451-2568; 800553-8411; Internet: 2647

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory http://www.adm.org/naen/ahn/cornproces sing.asp) ADM Ethanol Sales, Div. Archer Daniels Midland Co., 466 Faries Parkway, Decatur, IL, 62526, USA (Tel: 217-451-2568; 800553-8411; E-mail: [email protected]) ADM Food Additives Div., Div. Archer Daniels Midland Co., 466 Faries Parkway, Decatur, IL, 62522, USA (Tel: 217-4515141; 866-545-8200; Internet: http://www.admworld.com; http://food.admworld.com/food) ADM Lecithin, Div. Archer Daniels Midland Co., 4666 Faries Pkwy., Box 1470, Decatur, IL, 62526, USA (Tel: 217-451-5141; 866545-8200; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.admworld.com) ADM Soy Protein, Div. Archer Daniels Midland Co., Box 1470, 4666 Faries Parkway, Decatur, IL, 62525, USA (Tel: 217-451-5141; 866-545-8200; Internet: http://www.admworld.com) ADM Refined Oils, Div. Archer Daniels Midland Co., P.O. Box 1470, Decatur, IL, 62525, USA (Tel: 217-424-5463; FAX: 217424-5467; Internet: http://www.admworld.com) ADM Specialty Ingredients, 4666 Faries Pkwy., Decatur, IL, 62525, (Tel: 217-4513958; 800-553-8411; FAX: 217-451-3941; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.admworld.com) ADM Nutrition, P.O. Box 1470, Decatur, IL, 62525, USA (Tel: 217-451-4510; 800-5102178; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.admworld.com) ADM Supplements, P.O. Box 1470, Decatur, IL, 62525, USA (Tel: 217-451-4510; 800510-2178; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.admworld.com) Adrian America, Inc. 1443 Pinewood Street, Rahway, NJ, 07065, (Tel: 732-388-3555; FAX: 732-388-3565; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.adrianusa.com) Adumim Food Ingredients Mishor Adumim 90610, Israel (Tel: 972 2 535 3565; FAX: 972 2 535 4187; E-mail:

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.adumim.co.il) Advanced BioTech 85 Fifth Ave., Bldg. #5, Paterson, NJ, 07524, USA (Tel: 973-357-0577; FAX: 973-3570644; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.adv-bio.com) Advanced ChemTech, Inc. A CreoSalus Co., 5609 Fern Valley Rd., Louisville, KY, 40228-1075, USA (Tel: 502969-0000; 800-456-1403; FAX: 502-9625368; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.advancedchemtech.com/) Advanced Food Systems, Inc. 21 Roosevelt Ave., Somerset, NJ, 08873, USA (Tel: 732-873-6776; FAX: 732-873-4177; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.afsnj.com/) Advanced Ingredients, Inc. 331 Capitola Ave., Suite F, Capitola, CA, 95010, USA (Tel: 831-464-9891; 888-2384647; FAX: 831-464-9895; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.advancedingredients.com) Advanced Specialty Gases, Inc. 135 Catron Dr., Reno, NV, 94104-5229, USA (Tel: 775-356-5500; FAX: 775-356-5571; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.advancedspecialtygases.com ) Advanced Synthesis Technologies, S.A. PO Box 437920, San Ysidro, CA, 92173, USA (Tel: 619-423-7821; FAX: 619-423-7793; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.advancedsynthesis.com) Advance Hitech Agro Products Ltd. Advance India, 49/32, Site-IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabd, Ghaziabad, U.P., India (Tel: 0091-120-4776388; FAX: 0091-120-4774297; E-mail: [email protected]) Advance Research Chemicals Inc. Tanumal Chem. Complex Bldg., 1110 W. Keystone Ave., Catossa, OK, 74015, USA (Tel: 918-266-6789; FAX: 918-266-6796; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fluoridearc.com) AECI Aroma & Fine Chemicals (Pty.) Ltd. Subsid. of AECI Ltd., 16 Geleiergang, Alton, Richards Bay, KZN, 3900, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 35 797-6000; FAX: 27 35 797-3336; 2648

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aafc.co.za) AEP Colloids, Inc. 393 Church St., P.O. Box 3425, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA (Tel: 518-5844105; 800-848-0658; FAX: 518-580-8577; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aepcolloids.com) Aerchem, Inc. 3935 W Roll Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47408, USA (Tel: 812-334-9996; 800.523.0091; FAX: 812-334-1960; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aerchem.com) Aeropres 1324 N. Hearne, Suite 200, PO Box 78588, Shreveport, LA, 71137-8588, USA (Tel: 318221-6282; FAX: 318-213-1270; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aeropres.com) AFF International 1265 Kennestone Circle, Marietta, GA, 30066, USA (Tel: 770-427-8177; 800-241-7764; FAX: 770-427-0964; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.affintl.com) AF Pharmaceuticals Inc. 225 Long Ave., Hillside, NJ, 08833, USA (Tel: 973-926-1300; FAX: 201 926 0989) Agricultural & Chemical Products Ltd. 2-4 Chelmsford Road Industrial Estate, Chelmsford Road, Great Dunmow, Essex, CM6 1XG, UK (Tel: 44 1371 875721; FAX: 44 1371 872014; E-mail: [email protected]) Agrisales Ltd. Centre Heights, 137 Finchley Road, London, NW3 6JG, UK (Tel: 44 20 7483 2737; FAX: 44 20 86 6011; Internet: http://www.agriproducts.com) Agrium Agrium Inc., 13131 Lake Fraser Drive, Calgary, Alberta, T2J 7E8, Canada (Tel: 403-225-7000; 877-247-4861; FAX: 403225-7609; Internet: http://www.agrium.com) Agrium U.S., Inc., 4582 South Ulster St., Suite 1700, Denver, CO, 80237, USA (Tel: 303-804-4400; FAX: 303-804-4482) A.G. Scientific 6450 Lusk Blvd., Suite E102, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA (Tel: 858-452-9925; 877-4529925; FAX: 858-452-9926; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.agscientific.com) AIDP, Inc. 17920 East Ajax Circle, City of Industry, CA, 91748, USA (Tel: 626-964-6910; 866-2626699; FAX: 626-964-6739; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aidp.com) Airgas Carbonic 3700 Crestwood Pkwy. NW, Suite 200, Duluth, GA, 30096-5599, USA (Tel: 770-717-2210; 800-241-5882; FAX: 770-717-2222; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.airgas.com/carbonic) Air Liquide Air Liquide Hellas S.A., 26-28 Asclipiou St, 10679 Athens, Greece (Tel: 30 10 33 87 800; FAX: 30 10 36 25 431; Internet: http://www.airliquide.com) Air Liquide America Corp., 2700 Post Oak Blvd., Suite 1800, Houston, TX, 77056, USA (Tel: 713-624-8000; 877-855-9533; FAX: 713-624-8794; Internet: http://www.us.airliquide.com) Air Liquide Canada Inc., 1250 René Lévesque West, Suite 1700, Montreal, Quebec, H3B 5E6, Canada (Tel: (514) 9330303; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ca.airliquide.com) Air Liquide Australia Limited, Royal Domain Centre, 9/380 St. Kilda Rd., Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9697 9888; FAX: 61 3 9690 7107; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.airliquide.com.au/) Air Products Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., 7201 Hamilton Blvd., Allentown, PA, 18195-1501, USA (Tel: 610-481-4911; 800-345-3148; FAX: 610-481-5900; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.airproducts.com) Air Products (Middle East) FZE, PO Box 16912, Jebel Ali Free Zone, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (Tel: 971 4 8835578; FAX: 971 4 8835411) Air Products and Chemicals de México, S.A. de C.V., Pasaje Interlomas No. 16, Col. San Fernando la Herradura, Interlomas, Huixquilucan, C.P. 52760, Mexico (Tel: 01152-5246-0400; FAX: 52-5-246-0448/0449) Air Products Brasil Ltda, Av. Francisco Matarazzo, 1400, 11° Andar - Cond. Edifício 2649

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Milano, Água Branca, São Paulo, SP, 02517-160, Brazil (Tel: 55-11-3856-1700; FAX: 55-11-3856-1781) Air Products PLC, Hersham Place, Molesey Road, Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, KT12 4RZ, UK (Tel: 44-1932-249200; FAX: 441932-249565) Air Products S.A., 78 Rue Championnet, 75881 Paris Cedex 18, France (Tel: 33 1 44 92 51 00; FAX: 33 1 44 92 51 01) Air Products SAS, Chaussée de Wavre 1789, B-1160 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 674 9411; FAX: 32 2 674 9462) Air Products Italia S.r.l., Via Umbria 4, S. Giuliano Milanese, Milan, 20098, Italy (Tel: 39 (02) 98838-1; FAX: 39 (02) 9880985) Air Products GmbH, Hauptverwaltung Hattingen, Huettenstrasse 50, D-45527 Hattingen, Germany (Tel: 49 01805-427835; FAX: 4901805-427-329) Air Products AS, Lumberveien 49, N-4621 Kristiansand, Norway (Tel: 47 38 03 99 00; FAX: 47 38 01 11 13) Air Products South Africa (Pty) Ltd., Private Bag X02, Kempton Park, 1620, Gauteng, 1620, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 11 322 0000; FAX: 27 11 322 0222; Internet: http://www.airproducts.co.za/) Air Products Asia, Inc., Suite 6505-7, Central Plaza, 18 Harbour Rd., Wanchai, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2527 1922; FAX: 852 2527 1957) Air Products Japan, Inc., 3-18-19, Toranomon, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105, Japan (Tel: 81-3-3432-7036; FAX: 81-3-34327052) Air Products China, Inc., Rm. 611 Beijing Silver Tower, No. 2 North Rd. Dong San Huan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100027, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 6410 5156; Internet: http://www.airproducts.com.cn/) Air Products Singapore Pte. Ltd., 9 Temasek Blvd., #8-02, Suntec Tower 2, Singapore, 038989, Singapore (Tel: 656332-1610; FAX: 65-6332-1600) Aithaca Chemical Corp. 50 Charles Lindbergh Blvd., Ste 400, Uniondale, NY, 11553, USA (Tel: 516-2292330; FAX: 516-227-2350; E-mail: [email protected]) Ajay North America Ajay North America, LLC, PO Box 127, 1400 Industry Rd., Powder Springs, GA, 30127, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

USA (Tel: 770-943-6202; FAX: 770-4390369; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ajay-sqm.com) Ajay Europe, Sarl, Z.I. Du Grand Verger, B.P. 227, 53602 Evron Cedex, France (Tel: 33 2 43 01 35 35; FAX: 33 2 43 01 76 18; E-mail: [email protected]) Ajay-Sqm Chile SA, Av. Presidente Eduardo Frei M. 4900, 21 A/B Granville Rd., Tsim Sha Tsui, Renca-Santiago, Chile (Tel: 56 2 4437110; FAX: 56 2 4437114) Ajinomoto Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 15-1, Kyobashi 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8315, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5250 8111; FAX: 81 3 5250 8293; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ajinomoto.co.jp; http://www.ajinomoto.com) Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Beijing Office, Room 214, Tower B, Beijing Cofco Plaza, 8 Jianguomennei Dajie, Beijing, 100005, P.R. China (Tel: 86-(10) 6526-3745; FAX: 86-(10) 6526-3719; Internet: http://www.ajinomoto.com.cn/) Ajinomoto Co. (Hong Kong) Ltd., 21st Fl., 14-20 Bonham Strand West, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2534 2888; FAX: 852 2534 2899; Internet: http://www.ajinomoto.com.hk/) Ajinomoto Co. (Thailand) Ltd., 487/1 Si Ayutthaya Rd., Khwaeng Thanon Phayathai, Khet Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand (Tel: 66 2 245 1614; FAX: 66 2 247-7023; Internet: http://www.ajinomoto.co.th/th/home/inde x.php) Union Ajinomoto, Inc., 331 Sen. Gil Puyat Avenue, Sen. Gil J. Puyat Ave., Makati City, Philippines (Tel: 63 2 895 6081; FAX: 63 2 890 6328; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ajinomoto.com.ph/indexmain. php) Ajinomoto Co., Seoul Office, Seoul Center Building, 91-1, Sokong-Dong, Seoul, Korea (Tel: 82-2-755-6166; FAX: 82-2-753-6875) Ajinomoto (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., No. 6, Senoko Ave., Singapore, 758299, Singapore (Tel: 65 257 2022; FAX: 65 257 6866) Ajinomoto USA, Inc., Wholly owned subsid. of Ajinomoto Co. (Japan), Country Club Plaza, West 115 Century Rd., Paramus, NJ, 07652, USA (Tel: 201-225-7187; FAX: 2012650

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 261-7654; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ajinomoto-usa.com; http://www.ajichem.com) Ajinomoto Interamericana Industria e Comercio Ltda., Rue Joaquim Tavora 541, Villa Mariana, Sao Paulo-SP, 04015-901, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 5080 6700; FAX: 55 11 5080 6769) Ajinomoto Europe Sales GmbH, Stubbenhuk 3, 20459 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 3749 360; FAX: 49 40 372087; E-mail: [email protected]) Ajinomoto Co., Inc., European Headquarters, 153, rue de Courcelles, 75817 Paris Cedex 17, France (Tel: 33 1 47 66 98 63; FAX: 33 1 47 66 98 56) Akrochem Chemical Co. 255 Fountain St., Akron, OH, 44304-1991, USA (Tel: 330-535-2100; 800-321-2260; FAX: 330-535-8947; Internet: http://www.akrochem.com) Akzo Nobel Akzo Nobel Chemicals bv, Div. of Akzo N.V., Strawinskylaan 2555, P.O. Box 75730, 1070 AS Amsterdam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 20 502 75 55) Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry AB, S-444 85 Stenungsund, Sweden (Tel: 46 303 85000; FAX: 46 303 77 02 81; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.surface.akzonobel.com) Akzo Nobel Chemicals Ltd., 1-5 Queens Road, Hersham, Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, KT12 5NL, UK (Tel: 44 1932 247891; FAX: 44 1932 233330; Internet: http://www.akzonobel.uk.com/) Akzo Nobel Chemicals GmbH, Kreuzauer Str 46, P.O. Box 100146, 52301 DürenNiederau, Germany (Tel: 49 2421 5 95 01; FAX: 49 2421 5 95 380; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.akzonobel.de) Akzo Nobel Chemicals S.A., Parc Industriel de Ghlin Zone A, 7011 Ghlin/Mons, Belgium (Tel: 32 65 760711; FAX: 32 65 642385) Akzo Nobel Chemicals SA, 14, rue Fonds Pernant, 60202 Compiègne Cedex, France (Tel: 33 344 903000; FAX: 33 344 903044; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.akzonobel.fr)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Akzo Nobel nv Representative Office, Meridian Commercial Tower, Ul. Smolnaya 24D, 125445 Moscow, Russia (Tel: 7 095 9602890; FAX: 7 495 960 29 70; E-mail: [email protected]) Akzo Nobel Chemicals S.A., Autovia de Castelldefels Km. 4,65, 08820 El Prat De Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34-34784411; FAX: 34-3-4780734; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.surface.akzonobel.com/) Akzo Nobel Chemicals Inc., 525 West Van Buren St., Chicago, IL, 60607-3823, USA (Tel: 312-544-7000; 800-227-7070; FAX: 312-544-7137; Internet: http://www.akzonobel.com) Akzo Nobel Chemicals SA de CV, Calle Morelos No. 49, Col. Tecamachalco, Los Reyes La Paz, Edo. de Mexico, 56500, Mexico (Tel: 52 55 5858 0752; FAX: 52 55 5858 0704) Akzo Nobel Quimica S.A., Sucre 865, (1428) Buenos Aries, Argentina (Tel: 54 11 - 47 89 7501; FAX: 11 - 47 89 7501) Akzo Nobel Química Ltda.,, R. Catequese, 1.171 - sala 53, VI. Guiomar - Santo André, Sao Paulo, CEP-, 0909-401, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 4432 0030; FAX: 55 11 4432 0151) Akzo Nobel Chemicals Pty Ltd, 6, Grand Avenue,, Camellia, N.S.W., 2142, Australia (Tel: 61 2 96384555; FAX: 61 2 96384681) Akzo Nobel K.K., 4th fl. Bancho Kaikan, 12-1, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0076, Japan (Tel: 81 03 5210 5411; FAX: 81 03 5216 2860; Internet: http://www.akzoemc.co.jp) Akzo Nobel (Asia) Co., Ltd /Beijing Office, Chaoyang District, No 24 A, Jian Guo Men Wai Avenue, Beijing, 100004, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 6515 5738; FAX: 86 10 6515 5730; Internet: http://www.akzonobel.cn/) Akzo Nobel Korea Ltd., Chongdundang Bldg., Rm. 805, 368, 3-ka, Chungchong-ro, Seodaemun-ku; KPO Box 881, Seoul, 110608, Korea (Tel: 82 2 393 0083; FAX: 82 2 392 5188) Akzo Nobel Chemicals Pte. Ltd., 510 Thomson Road., # 17-00 SLF Building, Singapore, 298135, Singapore (Tel: 65 6258 1333; FAX: 65 6258 2476) Akzo Nobel Chemicals Pte. Ltd., #12th Floor, no. 133, sec. 2, Keelung Road, Taipei,

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 2 2735 1775 #16; FAX: 886 2 2377 9818) Akzo Nobel Polymer Chemicals LLC, 525 W. Van Buren Street, Chicago, IL, 606073823, (Tel: 312-544-7000; 800-828-7929; FAX: 312-544-7408; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.akzonobelpolymerchemicals.com) Akzo Nobel Cellulosic Specialties, 9 Livingston Ave., Dobbs Ferry, NY, 10522, (Tel: 914-647-5432; FAX: 914-693-3718) Akzo Nobel Salt America, Inc., 1328 Dock St., PO Box 938, Georgetown, SC, 29442, USA (Tel: 843-546-1925; 800-377-1017; FAX: 843-527-1580; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.akzonobelsalt.com) Akzo Nobel Salt bv, P.O. Box 247, 3800 AE Amersfoort, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 33 4 67 68 43; FAX: 31 33 4 67 67 61 32; Internet: http://www.akzonobelsalt.com) Akzo Nobel nv/sa Salt and Chemicals, Rederskaai 3 B1, 1000 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 2745527; FAX: 32 2 2745501) Alba International Inc. P.O. Box 111, North Aurora, IL, 60542-0111, USA (Tel: 858-272-0444; FAX: 858-2720400) Alban Muller Alban Muller Int'l., 8 Rue Charles Pathe, 94300 Vincennes, France (Tel: 33 1 48 08 81 00; FAX: 33 1 48 08 81 01; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.albanmuller.com) Alban Muller International USA, 2201 NW 102 PL Unit #5, Miami, FL, 33172, USA (Tel: 305 994 7558; FAX: 305 994 3548; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.albanmuller.com/anglais/) Albemarle Albemarle Corp., Baton Rouge Tower, 451 Florida Blvd., Baton Rouge, LA, 708011765, USA (Tel: 225-388-7402; 800-5353030; FAX: 225-388-7686; Internet: http://www.albemarle.com) Albemarle Asia Pacific Co., 480 Lorong 6, Toa Payoh #16-01; HDB Hub; East Wing, Singapore, 310480, Singapore (Tel: 65 6424 8400; FAX: 65 6424 8401) AlbemarleOverseas Development Corp., 16th Fl., Fukoku Seimei Bldg., 2-2-2 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

0011, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5251 2541; FAX: 81 3 5251 2547) Albemarle China Corp., China World Tower, Room 1317, 1 Jian Guo Men Wai Avenue, Beijing, 100004, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 6505 4153; FAX: 86 10 6505 4150) Albemarle UK Ltd., Div. of Albemarle Corp., Teesport, Middlesbrough, Cleveland, TS6 7SA, UK (Tel: 44 (01642) 463314; FAX: 44 (01642) 463315) Albion Inorganic Chemicals Sandbach, Cheshire, CW11 3PZ, UK (Tel: 44 01270 759759; FAX: 44 01270 759166; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.albionchemicals.co.uk) Albright & Wilson (Australia) Ltd. 295 Whitehall Street, PO Box 20, Yarraville, Victoria, 3013, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9396 8777; FAX: 61 3 9396 8788; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.albright.com.au) Alcan Alcan Chemicals, Div. of Alcan Aluminum Corp., Paragon Two Building, 6150 Parkland Blvd, Suite 200, Cleveland, OH, 44124, USA (Tel: 440 460 3300; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.alcan.com) Alcan Chemicals Australia, Div. of Alcan Chemicals Ltd., Parsons's Point, Gladstone, Queensland, 4680, Australia (Tel: 61 7 4976 2745) Alcan Chemicals Europe Ltd, Strasse Der Einheit 18, Teutschenthal, 6179, Germany (Tel: 49 3 46 01 3460) Alcan Participações Ltda, 12551, Avenida das Nações Unidas, 13th floor - Suíte 1308A, 04578-000, São Paulo,, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 3043-7612; FAX: 55 11 3043-7647) Indian Aluminium Co., Ltd., 4000 Development Drive, P.O. Box 250, Brockville, Ontario, K6V 5V5, Canada (Tel: 613 342 7462) Alco Chemical Corp. Div. of National Starch & Chem., an ICI Company, 909 Mueller Dr., PO Box 5401, Chattanooga, TN, 37406-0401, USA (Tel: 423-629-1405; 800-251-1080; FAX: 423698-8723; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.alcochemical.com)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Aldivia 49, rue des Sources, BP 1, 69561 St-GenisLaval Cedex, France (Tel: 33 4 72 66 66 90; FAX: 33 4 72 66 66 99; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aldivia.com) Aldoa Co., Inc. 12727 Westwood, Detroit, MI, 48223-1214, USA (Tel: 313-273-5705; FAX: 313-2730310; Internet: http://www.aldoaco.com) Alemark Chemicals, Amsyn Inc. 1011 High Ridge Rd., Stamford, CT, 06905, USA (Tel: 203-329-6500; FAX: 203-3296600; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.amsyn.com) Alexander Chemical Corp. 2525 Cabot Drive, Suite 201, Lisle, IL, 60532, USA (Tel: 630-955-6050; 800-445-9458; FAX: 630-955-6065; Internet: http://www.alexanderchemical.com) Alfa Aesar Alfa Aesar, A Johnson Matthey Co., 26 Parkridge Road, Ward Hill, MA, 01835, USA (Tel: 978-521-6300; 800-343-0660; FAX: 800-322-4757; 978-521-6350; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.alfa.com) Alfa Aesar GmbH & Co KG, A Johnson Matthey Co., Zeppelinstrasse 7, 76185 Karlsruhe, Germany (Tel: 49 721 84007 280; 00-800-4566-4566; FAX: 49-721849674; E-mail: [email protected]) Alfa Aesar (Switzerland), A Johnson Matthey Co., Glattalstrasse 18, CH-8052 Zurich, Switzerland (Tel: 41-1307 1919; FAX: 411307 1920; E-mail: [email protected]) Alfa Aesar Japan, A Johnson Matthey Co., Imperial Tower 14th Floor, 1-1-1 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0011, Japan (Tel: 81 5511 8555; FAX: 81 5511 85; Email: [email protected]) Alfa Chem 2 Harbor Way, King's Point, NY, 11024-2117, USA (Tel: 516-504-0059; 800-375-6869; FAX: 516-504-0039; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.alfachem1.com) Alfa Chemicals, Ltd Arc House, Terrace Rd., S. Binfield, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 4PZ, UK (Tel: 44 1344 861 800; FAX: 44 1344 451400; E-mail: [email protected];

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.alfa-chemicals.co.uk/) Alkali Metals Ltd. Plot B-5, Block III, Ida Uppal, Hyderabad, 500 039, India (Tel: 91-40-27201179; FAX: 9140-27201454; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.alkalimetals.com) Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited 401-407, Nirman Vyapar, Kendra, Plot No. 10, Sector 17, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, 400 703, India (Tel: 91 22 67946600; FAX: 91 22 67946666; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.alkylamines.com) Allan Chemical Corp. PO Box 1837, Fort Lee, NJ, 07024-8337, USA (Tel: 201-592-8122; 800-633-0274; FAX: 201-592-9298; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.allanchem.com) Alland & Robert 9 Rue de Saintonge, 75003 Paris, France (Tel: 33 1 44 59 21 31; FAX: 33 1 42 72 54 38; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.allandetrobert.fr) All Chemie Ltd. 501-D Le Mesa Rd., Mt. Pleasant, SC, 294648402, USA (Tel: 803-884-4400; FAX: 803884-0560; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.allchemie.com/) Allchem Industries AllChem Industries Inc., 6010 NW First Place, Gainesville, FL, 32607, USA (Tel: 352-378-9696; FAX: 352.333.7438; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.allchem.com) AllChem Industries B.V., PO Box 4061, 2980 GB Ridderkerk, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 180 470 470; FAX: 31 180 470 479) Allchem International Ltd. Westward House, Montrose Ave., Slough, SL1 4TN, UK (Tel: 44 1753 443322; FAX: 44 1753 443323; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.allchem.co.uk) Allied Custom Gypsum Inc. 708 24th Ave., NW, P.O. Box 69, Lindsay, OK, 73069, USA (Tel: 405-366-9500; 800-6245963; FAX: 405-756-3443; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.alliedcustomgypsum.com) 2653

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Allied Universal Corp. 3901 NW 115th Ave, Miami, FL, 33178, USA (Tel: 305-888-2623; 800-437-8715; FAX: 305-885-4671; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.allieduniversal.com) Alnor Oil Company, Inc. 70 E. Sunrise Hwy., Suite 418, Valley Stream, NY, 11581-1221, USA (Tel: 516-561-6146; FAX: 516-561-6123; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.alnoroil.com) Aloe Laboratories, Inc. 5821 East Harrison, Harlingen, TX, 78551, USA (Tel: 956-428-8416; FAX: 956-4288482; Internet: http://www.aloelabs.com) Alpharma Alpharma Inc., One Executive Dr., Fort Lee, NJ, 07024, USA (Tel: 201-947-7774; 800432 8534; FAX: 201-947-4879; Internet: http://www.alpharma.com) Alpharma Norway, Harbitzalleen 3,, P.O. Box 158, Skoyen N-0212, Oslo, Norway (Tel: 47 22 52 9000) Altivia 1100 Louisiana, Suite 3160, Houston, TX, 77002-5217, USA (Tel: 713-658-9000; 866ALTIVIA; FAX: 713-658-0102; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.altivia.com) AluChem Inc. One Landy Lane, Reading, OH, 45215, USA (Tel: 513-733-8519; 800-336-8519; FAX: 513-733-0608; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aluchem.com) Alzo International Inc. 650 Jernee Mill Rd., Sayreville, NJ, 08872, USA (Tel: 732-254-1901; FAX: 732-2544423; E-mail: [email protected] om; Internet: http://www.alzointernational.com) Amalgamet Amalgamet Canada, Div. of Premetalco Inc, 111 Richmond St. W, Suite 418, Toronto, Ontario, M5H 2G4, Canada (Tel: 416-3663954; FAX: 416-366-0586; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.amalgamet.com) Amalgamet Inc., 50 Main St., 12th Fl., White Plains, NY, 10606, USA (Tel: 914-286-2300; FAX: 914-286-2330; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.amcgroup.com) Amano Amano Enzyme Inc., 1-2-7, Nishiki, Naka-ku,, Nagoya, 460-8630, Japan (Tel: 81 52 211 3032; FAX: 81 52 211 3054; Internet: http://www.amano-enzyme.co.jp) Amano Enzyme USA Co Ltd, 2150 Point Blvd., Ste. 100, Elgin, IL, 60123, USA (Tel: 847-649-0101; FAX: 847-649-0205; E-mail: [email protected]) Amano Enzyme Europe Ltd., Roundway House, Cromwell Park, Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire, OX7 5SR, UK (Tel: 44 1608 644677; FAX: 44 1608 644336; E-mail: [email protected]) Amber Synthetics, Amsyn Inc. 1011 High Ridge Rd., Stamford, CT, 06905, USA (Tel: 203-329-6500; FAX: 203-3296600; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.amsyn.com) Amcan Ingredients International 6 Ave. Charles de Gaulle, 78510 Le Chesnay, France (Tel: 33 1 39 55 52 60; FAX: 33 1 39 54 72 68; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.amcan-ingredients.com) AMC Chemicals AMC Chemicals US LLC, 11 Commerce Drive, 2nd Floor, Cranford, NJ, 07095, USA (Tel: 908-653-1300; FAX: 908-653-1350; Email: [email protected]) AMC Chemicals (UK), Cap House, 9 - 12 Long Lane, London, EC1A 9HA, UK (Tel: 44 20 7466 5460; FAX: 44 20 7466 5461; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.amcchemicals.co.uk) Amerchol Corp. Subsid. of Dow Chemical Co., PO Box 4051, 136 Talmadge Rd., Edison, NJ, 088184051, USA (Tel: 732-248-6000; 800-3673534; FAX: 732-287-4186; Internet: http://www.dow.com/ucc/amerchol/index. htm) AmeriBrom, Inc. Member of the Dead Sea Bromine Group, 2115 Linwood Ave., Fort Lee, NJ, 070245004, USA (Tel: 201-242-6560; FAX: 201242-6561; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ameribrom.com) 2654

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory American Biorganics, Inc. Subsid. of ANGUS Chemical Co., 2236 Liberty Dr, Niagara Falls, NY, 14304, USA (Tel: 716-283-1434; 800-648-6689; FAX: 716283-1570) American Casein Co. (AMCO) 109 Elbow Lane, Burlington, NJ, 08016-4123, USA (Tel: 609-387-3130; FAX: 609-3877204; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.americancasein.com) American Chemet Corp. 740 Waukegan Road, Suite 202, PO Box 437, Deerfield, IL, 60015, USA (Tel: 847-9480800; FAX: 847-948-0811; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemet.com) American Chemical Service, Inc. Colfax Ave., PO Box 190, Griffith, IN, 46319, USA (Tel: 219-924-4370; FAX: 219-9245298) American Colloid Co. Wholly owned subsid. of AMCOL International Corp., 1500 W. Shure Dr., Arlington Heights, IL, 60004-7803, USA (Tel: 847-392-4600; 800-426-5564; FAX: 847-506-6199; Internet: http://www.colloid.com) American Fruit Processors 10725 Sutter Ave., Pacoima, CA, 91331, USA (Tel: 818-899-9574; FAX: 818-899-6042; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.americanfruit.com) American Gelatin Co. Div. of Health Processes Inc., PO Box 423, Collbran, CO, 81624, USA (Tel: 970-4873070; FAX: 970-487-3097; Internet: http://www.americangelatin.com) American Ingredients American Ingredients Co., Wholly owned subsid. of CSM NV, 3947 Broadway, Kansas City, MO, 64111, USA (Tel: 816561-9050; 800-669-4092; FAX: 816-5619909; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.americaningredients.com) American Ingredients Co./Patco Additives Div., Wholly owned subsid. of CSM NV, 3947 Broadway, Kansas City, MO, 64111, USA (Tel: 816-561-9050 x1325; 800-6692250 x1325; FAX: 816-561-7778; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.patco-additives.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

American Ingredients Inc. Div. of Pharmachem Labs, 2929 E. White Star Ave., Anaheim, CA, 92806-2628, USA (Tel: 714-630-6000; 800-717-5770; FAX: 714630-6655; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.amer-ing.com) American International Chemical, Inc. 135 Newbury Street, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA (Tel: 800-238-0001; FAX: 508-8721566; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aicma.com) American Laboratories Inc. 4410 South 102 St., Omaha, NE, 68127, USA (Tel: 402-339-2494; 800-445-5989; FAX: 402-339-0801; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.americanlaboratories.com) American Lecithin Co. 115 Hurley Rd., Unit 2B, Oxford, CT, 06478, USA (Tel: 203-262-7100; 800-364-4416; FAX: 203-262-7101; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.americanlecithin.com) American Tartaric Products, Inc. 1865 Palmer Ave., Larchmont, NY, 10538, USA (Tel: 914-834-1881; FAX: 914-8344611; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.americantartaric.com) AMINO GmbH An der Zucker-Raffinerie 9, 38373 Frellstedt, Germany (Tel: 49 5355 9100-0; FAX: 49 5355 9100-713; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aminoactives.com) Ampacet Ampacet Corp., 660 White Plains Rd., Tarrytown, NY, 10591-5130, USA (Tel: 914631-6600; 888-AMPACET; FAX: 914-6317278; Internet: http://www.ampacet.com) Ampacet South America, Dardo Rocha 2454 - 2° Piso, (B1640FTH) San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54.11 4110-4200; FAX: 54.11 4110-4201; E-mail: [email protected]) Ampacet Europe, Windhof Business Center -, Rue d’Arlon, 2, L-8399 WINDHOF, Luxembourg (Tel: 352.29.20.99-1; FAX: 352.29.20.99.594) Ampacet (Thailand) Co., Ltd., Eastern Seaboard Ind. Estate (Rayong), 64/19 Moo 4, Highway 331, Pluakdaeng, Rayong, 2655

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 21140, Thailand (Tel: 66 38 919 019; FAX: 66 38 955 250; E-mail: [email protected]) AMRESCO 30175 Solon Ind. Pkwy., Solon, OH, 44139, USA (Tel: 440-349-1313; 800-336-1313; FAX: 440-349-1182; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.amresco-inc.com) AMT Labs, Inc. 536 N. 700 W., PO Box 540234, North Salt Lake, UT, 84054, USA (Tel: 801-299-1661; FAX: 801-299-0220; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.amtlabs.net) Amyl, Inc. 13111 Westheimer, Suite 315, Houston, TX, 77077-5520, USA (Tel: 281-584-9994; FAX: 281-584-9996; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.amyl.com) Anar Soap & Chemical Co., Inc. P.O. Box 381, Sugar Grove, IL, 60554-0381, USA (Tel: 708-953-1660; 630-966-0270; FAX: 630-966-0272; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://anarsoapandchemical.com/) Anar International Sanskrut, Behind Old High Court, Ashram Rd., Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380 009, India (Tel: 91 79 658 1494; FAX: 91 79 658 9954; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.anarchem.com) Anderson Development Co. Subsid. of Mitsui Chemicals, 1415 E. Michigan St., Adrian, MI, 49221, USA (Tel: 517-2632121; FAX: 517-263-1000; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.andersondevelopment.com) Andrea Aromatics PO Box 3091, Princeton, NJ, 08543-3091, USA (Tel: 609-695-7710; FAX: 609-3928914) ANGUS Chemical Co. Subsid. of Dow Chemical Co., 1500 East Lake Cook Road, Buffalo Grove, IL, 60089, USA (Tel: 989-832-1560; 800-447-4369; FAX: 989-832-1465; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dow.com/angus/) Anilax Chemicals, Inc. 248 Columbia Tpke., P.O.Box 593, Florham Park, NJ, 07932, USA (Tel: 973-822-8141; 800-788-8141; FAX: 973-822-8231; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.anilax.com/) Anmar International Ltd. 540 Barnum Ave., P.O. Box 2343, Bridgeport, CT, 06608, USA (Tel: 203-336-8330; FAX: 203-336-5508; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.anmarinternational.com) Anthea Aromatics Pvt. Ltd. R-81/82, TTC Industrial area, Rabale MIDC,, Navi Mumbai, 400 701, India (Tel: 91 22 5590 1453; FAX: 91 22 27697447; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.anthea-aromatics.com) Apollo Chemical Corp. PO Box 2176, Burlington, NC, 27216, USA (Tel: 336-226-1161; FAX: 336-228-6963; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.apollochemical.com) Apollo Scientific Whitefield Rd,, Bredbury, Stockport, Cheshire, SK6 2QR, UK (Tel: 44 161 406 0505; FAX: 44 161 406 0506; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.apolloscientific.co.uk) AP Pharma 123 Saginaw Drive, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA (Tel: 650-366-2626; FAX: 650-3656490; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.appharma.com/) AP Resources Corp. 1307 Windstone B/D, 275-2 Yangjae-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-722, Korea (Tel: 82 2 3463 1163; FAX: 82 2 3463 1162; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.apr.co.kr) Arakawa Arakawa Chemical Industries Ltd., 3-7 Hiranomachi 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-046, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6209 8581; FAX: 81 6 6209 8542; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.arakawachem.co.jp/e) Arakawa Chemical (USA) Inc., 625 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 1700, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA (Tel: 312-642-1750; FAX: 312642-0089; Internet: http://www.arakawausa.com) ARC Specialty Products Div. Div. of Balchem Corp., 52 Sunrise Park Road, PO Box 600, New Hampton, NY, 10958, USA (Tel: 845-326-5600; 877-222-8811, 2656

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory option; FAX: 845-326-5717; Internet: http://www.balchem.com) Arch Chemicals Arch Chemicals, Inc., 501 Merritt Seven, PO Box 5204, Norwalk, CT, 06856-5204, USA (Tel: 203-229-2900; 800-654-6018; FAX: 203-229-3652; Internet: http://www.archchemicals.com) Arch Chemicals, Inc./Personal Care Products, 70 Tyler Place, South Plainfield, NJ, 07080, USA (Tel: 908-561-5200; FAX: 908-561-9174; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.archchemicals.com) Arch Chemicals, Inc./Performance Chems./Specialty Polyols, PO Box 547, 2450 Olin Rd., Brandenburg, KY, 401080547, USA (Tel: 270-422-2101; 800-6363786; Internet: http://www.archchemicals.com) Arch Quimica, S.A. de C.V., Av. Lomas Verdes No. 791-202, Jardines de Satelite, Naucalpan, Edo. de Mexico, 53129, Mexico (Tel: 52 5 344 6486; FAX: 52 5 344 6518) Arch Brasil Ltda., Av. Brasilia 1500, Bairro Buro, Salto, Sao Paulo, 13327-901, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 7828 8000; FAX: 55 11 7828 8046) Arch Quimica S.A., Calle Guaycaipuro Torre Hener, Piso 3, El Rosal, Caracas, 1060, Venezuela (Tel: 58 2 953 8222; FAX: 58 2 953 7712) Arch Ireland, Watery Lane, Swords County, Dublin, Ireland (Tel: 353 1 840 7744; FAX: 353 1 840 4043) Arch Chemicals GmbH, An der Poent 62A, 40885 Ratingen, Germany (Tel: 49 2101 7711 0; FAX: 49 2102 7711 20) Arch Pty. Ltd., PO Box 114, Bergvlei, 2012, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 11 444 2244; FAX: 27 11 444 2241) Arch Industrial (Hong Kong) Ltd., Unit 1205, 12/F, Sino Plaza, 255 Gloucester Rd., Causeway Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2366 8303; FAX: 852 2367 1309) Arch Japan Inc., Hamamatsucho DS Bldg., 127-16 Hamamatsu-cho Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0013, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5408 1770; FAX: 81 3 5408 1786) Arch Chemicals Singapore Pte Ltd, #02-12 The Alpha, 10 Science Park Road; Singapore Science Park II, Singapore,

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

117684, Singapore (Tel: 65 6778 1181; FAX: 65 6778 6838) Arch Far East Ltd., Korea Branch, 80-6 Soosong-dong, Suktan Bldg., Chongro-ku, Seoul, 110-140, Korea (Tel: 82 2 737 2840; FAX: 82 2 730 7387) Archway Sales Inc. 4155 Manchester St., St. Louis, MO, 631103823, USA (Tel: 314-533-4662; FAX: 314533-3386; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.archwaysales.com) Arista Industries, Inc. 557 Danbury Rd., Wilton, CT, 06897, USA (Tel: 203-761-1009; 800-255-6457; FAX: 203-761-4980; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aristaindustries.com) Arizona Chemical Arizona Chemical Co., Wholly owned subsid. of International Paper, PO Box 550850, Jacksonville, FL, 32225, USA (Tel: 904-9288700; 800-526-5294; FAX: 904-928-8779; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.arizonachemical.com) Arizona Chemical Ltd., Vigo Lane, Chester le Street, Durham, DH3 2RB, UK (Tel: 44 191 411 3200; FAX: 44 191 410 9391; Internet: http://www.ipaper.com) Arizona Chemical BV, PO Box 60053, 1320 AB Almere, Almere, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 36 5462 800; FAX: 31 36 5462 811; Email: [email protected]) Arizona Chemical Asia Ltd, Unit 1206, Grand City Plaza, 1-17 Sai Lau Kok Road, Tsuen Wan, N.T., Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2493 8807; FAX: 852 2493 8897) Arizona Chemical Co. Singapore, 51 Goldhill Plaza, #21-08, Singapore, 308900, Singapore (Tel: 65 6253 8500; FAX: 65 6253 8189) Arkema Arkema S.A., 4-8 cours Michelet, La Défense 10, F92091 Paris la Défense Cedex, France (Tel: 33-1-49-00-80-80; FAX: 33-1-49-0083-96; Internet: http://www.arkema.fr) Arkema Canada Inc., 655 Alphonse-Deshaies Boulevard, Bécancour, Quebec, G9H 2Y8, Canada (Tel: 819-294-9965; FAX: 819-2949588; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet:

2657

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory http://www.products.arkemagroup.com/p rint.cfm?pag=287) Arkema/Organic Peroxides, Arkema, 2000 Market St., Philadelphia, PA, 19103-3222, USA (Tel: 215-419-7000; 800-558-5575; FAX: 215-419-7413; Internet: http://www.arkema.com) Arkema Pty Ltd, Level 1 Building 10, 658 Church St., Richmond, Melbourne, Victoria, 3121, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9425 7777; FAX: 61 3 9425 7700) Arkema K.K., Fukoku Seimei Bldg 15F, 2-2-2 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 100 0011, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5251 9919; FAX: 81 3 5251 9930) Arkema Shanghai Office, Room 01-06 28th Floor, Jianwai SOHO, N° 39, East Third Ring Road, Honk Kong Plaza 283 Huai Hai Road (M), 200021, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 63 86 30 28; FAX: 86 21 63 86 06 68; Internet: http://www.atofina.com.cn) Arkema Hong Kong, Suite 3207-11, Tower 1 The Gateway, Harbour City, 25 Canton Rd., Tsimshatsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2110 1188; FAX: 852 2110 0038; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.atofina.com.cn) Arkema Pte Ltd, 10, Science Park Road, #0101A, The Alpha, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore, 117684, Singapore (Tel: 65 6419 9199; FAX: 65 6419 9188) Arkema Korea, 11 F, Oriental Chemical Building, 50, Sogong-dong, Jung-Gu, Seoul, 110-718, Korea (Tel: 82 2 3703 6700; FAX: 82 2 3703 6890) Arkema Quimica Ltda, Avenida Ibirapuera 2033 - 4° Andar, 04029-901 São Paulo - SP, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 2148 8522; FAX: 55 11 5051 0472) Arkema Quimica S.A., Avda de Burgos 12-7°, 28036 Madrid (España), Spain (Tel: 34 91 334 34 34; FAX: 34)91 334 34 70) Ceca S.A., Subsid. of Arkema, 4-8 cours Michelet, La Défense 10, F -92091 Paris La Défense Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 49 00 38 00; FAX: 33 1 49 00 38 01; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ceca.fr) Irish Ceca, Subsid. of Arkema, Allenwood Enterprise Prk, Allenwood, Naas, Co. Kildare, Ireland (Tel: 353 45 870855; FAX: 353 45 870866)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Arla Foods AB Skanderborgvej 277, P.O. Box 2400, DK-8260 Viby J, Sweden (Tel: 45 89 38 10 00; FAX: 45 86 28 16 91; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.arlafoods.com) Armand Products Co. 469 North Harrison St., Princeton, NJ, 085435297, USA (Tel: 609-683-7090; 800-5220540; FAX: 609-497-7176; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.armandproducts.com) Arnaud S.A. 23, rue des Ardennes, Paris, 75019, France (Tel: 33 1 44 73 10 00; FAX: 33 1 43 46 85 92; Internet: http://www.arnaudgroup.com) Arol Chemical Products Co. 649 Ferry St., Newark, NJ, 07105, USA (Tel: 973-344-1510; FAX: 973-344-7127) Aromor Flavors & Fragrances Aromor Flavors & Fragrances Ltd., Kibbutz Givat-Oz, 19225, Israel (Tel: 972 4 652 4900; FAX: 972 4 642 5052; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aromor.com) Aromor Flavors & Fragrances, Inc., 560 Sylvan Ave., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 07632, USA (Tel: 201-503-1662; 866-425-1660; FAX: 201-503-1663; E-mail: [email protected]) Arrow Chemical Inc. 41 Grand Avenue; Suite 101, River Edge, NJ, 07661, USA (Tel: 201-342-9600; FAX: 201342-3663; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.arrowchemical.com) Asada Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 180, Miya, Shikama-ku, Himeji-shi, Hyogo, 672, Japan (Tel: (0792) 35-1911; FAX: (0792) 35-1915) Asahi Kasei Asahi Kasei, Hibiya-Mitsui Building, 1-2 Yurakucho 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-8440, Japan (Tel: 81-3-3507-2060; FAX: 81-3-3507-2495; Internet: http://www.asahi-kasei.co.jp) Asahi Kasei Deutschland GmbH, Arabella Center, Lyonerstrasse 44-48, 60528 Frankfurt (Main), Germany (Tel: 49-6966371 200; FAX: 49-69-666 6016) Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Hibiya Mitsui Bldg., 1-1-2, Yuraku-cho, Chiyoda-ku, 2658

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Tokyo, 100-8440, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3507 2060; FAX: 81 3 3507 2495; Internet: http://www.asahi-kasei.co.jp) Asahi Kasei America Inc., 535 Madison Avenue, 33rd Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA (Tel: 1-212-371-9900; FAX: 1-212-3719900; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.akamerica.com/index.php) Asarco Inc. Wholly owned subsid. of Grupo Mexico's Americas Mining Corporation, 1150 N. 7th Ave., Tucson, AZ, 85705, USA (Tel: 520798-7500; FAX: 520-798-7780; Internet: http://www.asarco.com) Asbury Carbons 405 Old Main St., PO Box 144, Asbury, NJ, 08802, USA (Tel: 908-537-2155; 800-3345276; FAX: 908-537-2908; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.asbury.com) Ash Grove Cement Co. 11011 Cody Street, Overland Park, KS, 66210, USA (Tel: 913-451-8900; 800-545-1882; FAX: 913-451-1686; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ashgrove.com) Ashland Ashland Distribution Co./Industrial Chemicals & Solvents, Div. of Ashland Inc., 5200 Blazer Pkwy., Dublin, OH, 43017, USA (Tel: 614-790-3333; 888-293-4427; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ashchem.com) Ashland Specialty Chemical Co./Drew Industrial Div., Div. of Ashland Specialty Chemical Co., 5200 Blazer Parkway, Dublin, OH, 43017, USA (Tel: 614-790-3333; 888ASHCHEM; FAX: 614-790-4119; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ashchem.com) Ashland Chemical de Mexico, S.A. de C.V., Apodaca Km. 16.5; Alfredo Garza No. 554, Parque Industrial Milimex, Apodaca N.L., 66600, Mexico (Tel: 52 (81) 83693580; FAX: 52 (81) 83693570) Ashland Management (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 18th Floor, 1089 Zhongshan No. 2 Rd. (S.), Xuhuiyuan Building, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 2402 4888) Ashley Polymers Inc. 5114 Fort Hamilton Parkway, Brooklyn, NY, 11219, USA (Tel: 718-851-8111; FAX: 718Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

972-3256; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ashleypoly.com) ASHTA Chemicals, Inc. PO Box 858, 3509 Middle Rd., Ashtabula, OH, 44005-0858, USA (Tel: 440-997-5221; 800492-5082; FAX: 440-992-0151; Internet: http://www.ashtachemicals.com) Asiamerica International Inc. 38 Flint Terrace, Harrington Park, NJ, 076401058, USA (Tel: 201-750-2730; FAX: 201750-2734; E-mail: [email protected]) Astral Extracts, Ltd. 160 Eileen Way, Syosset, NY, 11791, (Tel: 516-496-2505; FAX: 516-496-4248; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.astralextracts.com) AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP Business Unit of Zeneca Inc., 1800 Concord Pike, Wilmington, DE, 19850-5437, USA (Tel: 302-886-3000; 800-456-3669; FAX: 302-886-2972; Internet: http://www.astrazeneca-us.com) Atlantic Equip. Engrs. Div. of Micron Metals Inc., 13 Foster St., PO Box 181, Bergenfield, NJ, 07621, USA (Tel: 201-384-5606; 800-486-2436; FAX: 201387-0291; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.micronmetals.com) Atlantic Gelatin/Kraft General Foods Hill St., Woburn, MA, 01801, USA (Tel: 781933-2800; FAX: 781-935-1566; E-mail: [email protected]) Atlas Refinery, Inc. 142 Lockwood St., Newark, NJ, 07105, USA (Tel: 973-589-2002; FAX: 973-589-7377; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.atlasrefinery.com) Atomergic Chemetals Corp. 71 Carolyn Blvd., Farmingdale, NY, 11735, USA (Tel: 631-694-9000; FAX: 631-6949177; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.atomergic.com) Atotech USA Inc. Subsid. of Atofina, 1750 Overview Dr., PO Box 12000, Rock Hill, SC, 29731-2000, USA (Tel: 803-817-3500; 800-843-4460; FAX: 803-817-3666; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.atotechusa.com)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Atul Ltd. District Valsad, Gujarat, India (Tel: 91-2632 233261-5; FAX: 91-2632-233375; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.atul.co.in) Augustus Oils Ltd. 64 Woolmer Trading Estate, Bordon, Hants, GU35 9QF, UK (Tel: 44 1420 488555; FAX: 44 1420 476777; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.augustusoils.ltd.uk) Austin Chemical Co. Inc. 1565 Barclay Blvd., Buffalo Grove, IL, 60089, USA (Tel: 847-520-9600; FAX: 847-5209160; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.austinchemical.com) Avatar Corp. 500 Central Ave., University Park, IL, 60466, USA (Tel: 708-534-5511; 800-255-3181; FAX: 708-534-0123; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.avatarcorp.com) Avebe Group Postbus 15, 9640 AA Veendam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 598 66 91 11; FAX: 31 598 66 43 68; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.avebe.com) AXO Chemical, Inc. PO Box 557973, Miami, FL, 33255, USA (Tel: 305-663-1820; FAX: 305-663-1830; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.axochemical.com) Axxence Aromatic GmbH Tackenweide 28, D-46446 Emmerich, Germany (Tel: 49 28 22 68 561 0; FAX: 49 28 22 68 561 39; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.axxence.com; http://www.axxence.de) B2E Corporation 500 Mamaroneck Ave., Harrison, NY, 10528, USA (Tel: 914-777-1111; FAX: 914-7770781; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.protectivechemicals.com) Bachem Bioscience Inc. 3700 Horizon Dr., King of Prussia, PA, 19406, USA (Tel: 610-239-0300; 800 634 3183; FAX: 610-239-0800; Internet: http://bachem.com) Baerlocher Baerlocher GmbH, Freisinger Strasse 1, 85716 Unterschleissheim, Germany (Tel: 49 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

89 14373 0; FAX: 49 89 14373 312; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.baerlocher.com) N.V. Baerlocher Benelux S.A., Colomastraat 47, B-2800 Mechelen, Belgium (Tel: 32 15 4312 91; FAX: 32 15 4318 83; E-mail: [email protected]) Baerlocher France S.A., BP 72, Chemin de la Buzine, 13368 Marseille Cedex 11, France (Tel: 33 4 91 36 40 70; FAX: 33 4 91 36 40 88) Baerlocher Italia SpA, Via San Colombano 62/A, I - 26900 Lodi, Italy (Tel: 39 0371 4511; FAX: 39 0371 451320) Delta Tecnic, S.A., c/ Rec Molí de les Planes s/n, 08470 Sant Celoni (Baercelona), Spain (Tel: 34 902.36.16.14; FAX: 34 902.36.16.15; E-mail: [email protected]) Baerlocher Nordic AB, Bolshedens Industriväg 20, PO Box 4072, S-427 50 Billdal, Sweden (Tel: 46 31 91 43 94; FAX: 46 31 91 01 21; E-mail: [email protected]) Baerlocher do Brasil S.A., Av. São Jerônimo, 6000 - Bairro São Jerônimo, 13.470-310 Americana, São Paulo, 03319-000, Brazil (Tel: (55-19) 3405.5151; FAX: (55-19) 3405.5550; E-mail: [email protected]) Baerlocher Far East Pte. Ltd., 371 Beach Road, #12-01/03 KeyPoint, Singapore, 199597, Singapore (Tel: 65 62 52 58 60; FAX: 65 62 52 58 67; E-mail: [email protected]) Baikowski Baikowski Int'l. Corp., 6601 NorthPark Boulevard Suite H, Charlotte, NC, 28216, USA (Tel: 704-587-7100; FAX: 704-5877106; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.baikowski.com) Baikowski Chimie, BP 501, 74339 La Balme de Sillingy Cedex, France (Tel: 33 4 50 22 69 12; FAX: 33 4 50 22 28 92) Baikowski Japan, 6-17-13, Higashinarashino, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken, 275-0001, Japan (Tel: 81 474 73 8150; FAX: 81 474 73 8153; E-mail: [email protected]) Bakels Bakels Senior N V, PO Box 44, 1380 AA Weesp, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 294 414559; FAX: 31 294 480265; E-mail:

2660

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bakels.com) AB Nordbakels, Von Utfallsgatan 26-30, 415 05 Gothenburg, Sweden (Tel: 46 31 755 3500; FAX: 46 31 755 3549; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bakels.com) British Bakels Ltd., Granville Way, Off Launton Rd., Bicester, Oxon, OX6 4JT, UK (Tel: 44 1869 247098; FAX: 44 1869 242979; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bakels.com) Russky Bakels, 7, 20 Line V.O., RU-199106 St. Petersburg, Russia (Tel: 7 812 327 2841; FAX: 7 812 327 6138; E-mail: [email protected]) N Z Bakels Ltd., PO Box 12-844, Penrose, Auckland, 1642, New Zealand (Tel: 64 9 579 6079; FAX: 64 9 525 0978; E-mail: [email protected]) American Bakels, Inc., 8120 Scott Hamilton Dr., Little Rock, AR, 72209, USA (Tel: 501568-2253; FAX: 501-568-3947; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bakels.com) Bakels Chile SA, CL-Santiago de Chile, Chile (Tel: 56 2 640 8529; FAX: 56 2 2 624 3511; E-mail: [email protected]) Southbakels (Pty) Ltd., PO Box 9583, Johannesburg, 2000, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 11 673 2100; FAX: 27 11 477 7382; Email: [email protected]) Bakels Singapore (Pte) Ltd., Jurong Town, PO Box 285, Singapore, 916110, Singapore (Tel: 65 265 2577; FAX: 65 264 1593; Email: [email protected]) Bakels Food (Shanghai) Ltd., PO Box 613003, No. 5 Dong Xing Rd., Ducheng Ind. & Trade Park, Songjiang Ind. Zone, Shanghai, 201613, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 5774 2434; FAX: 86 21 5774 2437; E-mail: [email protected]) Baker Petrolite Baker Petrolite/World Headquarters, A Baker Hughes Co., 12645 W. Airport Blvd., Sugar Land, TX, 77478, USA (Tel: 281-2765400; 800-331-5516; FAX: 281-276-5669; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrol ite) Baker Petrolite/Polymers Div., 12645 West Airport Blvd., Sugar Land, TX, 77478, USA (Tel: 281-276-5400; 800-331-5516; FAX: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

281-276-5669; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bakerhughes.com/bakerpetrol ite/polymers) Baker Petrolite Canada, 1000, 401 - 9th Avenue SW, Calgary, AB, T2P 3C5, Canada (Tel: 403-537-3400; FAX: 403-537-3796) Baker Hughes de Mexico, S. de R.L., Avda. de Cobre No. 110-2, Cd. Industrial, Villahermosa, Tabasco, C.P. 86010, Mexico (Tel: 52-9933-531-000) Baker Petrolite Argentina, Alem 1281, Godoy Cruz Mendoza, C.P. 5501, Argentina (Tel: 54 261 452 0000; E-mail: [email protected]) Baker Petrolite Venezuela, Av. Principal de la Castellana, Edificio Centro Letonia, Torre Ing. Bank, Psio 18, La Castellana, Caracas, 1060, Venezuela (Tel: 58 2 277 2253; Email: [email protected]) Baker Petrolite Chemicals Ltd., Div. of Baker Hughes Inc., Kirkby Bank Rd., Knowsley Industrial Park, Liverpool, L33 7SY, UK (Tel: 44 151 546 2855; FAX: 44 151 549 1858; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bakerpetrolite.com) Baker Petrolite Handels GmbH, Pahros Haus, Nordbahnstrasse 36, 1020 Wien, Austria (Tel: 43 1 218 6360) Baker Petrolite France, 10 Avenue Percier, 75008 Paris, France (Tel: 33 44.95.80.80; FAX: 33 45.63.10.21) Baker Petrolite Italiana SrL, Corso Delle Province 170, 95127 Catanua, Italy (Tel: 39 95 434 804) Baker Petrolite Netherlands C/O VLS, Butaanweg 17-19, Haven 3005, 3196 KC VONDELINGENPLAAT / RT., The Netherlands (Tel: 31 10 2313800; FAX: 31 10 2313809) Baker Petrolite Australia, 66 Kings Park Road, West Perth, 6005, Australia (Tel: 618-9217-7100) Baker Petrolite China, Haihui Mansion #403, Seaview Garden, Shekou, Shenzhen, 518067, P.R. China (Tel: 86 755 2681 7091; FAX: 86 755 2669 9669) Baker Petrolite Singapore, 273 Jalan Ahmad Ibrahim, Singapore, 629150, Singapore (Tel: 65 861 2500) Balchem Corp. 52 Sunrise Park Road, PO Box 600, New Hampton, NY, 10958, USA (Tel: 845-3262661

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 5600; FAX: 845-326-5742; Internet: http://www.balchem.com) Bangs Laboratories Inc. 9025 Technology Dr., Fishers, IN, 46038-2886, USA (Tel: 317-570-7020; 800-387-0672; FAX: 317-570-7034; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bangslabs.com) Barium & Chemicals Inc. County Road 44, PO Box 218, Steubenville, OH, 43952-5218, USA (Tel: 740-282-9776; FAX: 740-282-9161; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bariumchemicals.com) Barker Industries, Inc. 220 Crompton St., Charlotte, NC, 282073, USA (Tel: 704-391-1023; FAX: 704-3930464; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.barkerind.com) Barnet Products Corp. 140 Sylvan Ave., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 07632, USA (Tel: 201-346-4620; FAX: 201-3464333; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.barnetproducts.com) Barrington Chemical Corp. 500 Mamaroneck Ave., Harrison, NY, 10528, USA (Tel: 914-381-3500; 800-684-CHEM; FAX: 914-381-2232; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.barringtonchem.com) Bartek Ingredients Inc. 421 Seamon St., Stoney Creek, Ontario, L8E 3J4, Canada (Tel: 905-662-1127; 800-2634165; FAX: 905-662-8849; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bartek.ca) BASF BASF AG, Carl-Bosch Str. 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany (Tel: 49 621 60 0; FAX: 49-621-60 42525; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.basf.de) BASF Coatings AG, Glasuritstr. 1, Postfach 61 23, 48165 Munster, Germany (Tel: 49 25 01 14 0; FAX: 49 25 01 14 3373; Internet: http://www.basf-coatings.de) BASF Corp., 100 Campus Drive, Florham Park, NJ, 07932, USA (Tel: 908-245-6000; FAX: 908-245-6002; Internet: http://www.basf.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

BASF Corp./Performance Chemicals, 100 Campus Drive, Florham Park, NJ, 07932, USA (Tel: 973-245-6000; 800-526-1072; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.basf.com/static/988804217008 .html) BASF Corp./Polymers Div., 1609 Biddle Ave., Wyandotte, MI, 48192, USA (Tel: 734324-6000; FAX: 734-324-6844) BASF Canada Inc., 100 Milverton Drive, 5th Floor, Mississauga, Ontario, L5R 4H1, Canada (Tel: 289-360-1300; 866-485-BASF; FAX: 289-360-6000; Internet: http://www.basf.com/basfcanada/index_e.shtm) BASF Mexicana, S.A. de C.V., Insurgentes Sur 715, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, 03710, Mexico (Tel: 5555252629; FAX: 5556114008; Internet: http://www.basf.com/mexico) BASF Belgium S.A./N.V., Chaussée de La, Hulpe/Terhulpsesteenweg 178, 1170 Brussel, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 373-2111; FAX: 32 2 3751042) BASF Española S.A., Paseo de Gracia 99, Apartado de Correos 762, 08008 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 4 96 40 00; FAX: 34 93 4 96 41 00) BASF France S.A.S., 49 ave. Georges Pompidou, 92593 Levallois-Perret Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 49 64 50 00; FAX: 33 1 49 64 50 50) BASF Italia SpA, Via Marconato 8, 20031 Cesano Maderno (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 03 62 5 12 1; FAX: 39 03 62 5 12 2 10) BASF Nederland BV, Kadestraat 1, Postbus 1019, 6801 MV Arnhem, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 26 3 71 71 71; FAX: 31 26 3 71 77 86) BASF A/S, Postboks 4042, Ved Stadsgraven 15, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark (Tel: 45 32 66 07 00; FAX: 45 32 57 22 02; E-mail: [email protected]) BASF Österreich GmbH, Hietzinger Hauptstrasse 119, Postfach 1000, 1131 Vienna, Austria (Tel: 43 1 8 78 90 0; FAX: 43 1 8 78 90 110; Internet: http://www.basf.at) BASF (Schweiz) AG, Appital, Postfach 99, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland (Tel: 41 1 781 9111; FAX: 41 1 781 9388; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.basf.ch) 2662

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory BASF AB, Haraldsgatan 5, 413 14 Göteborg, Sweden (Tel: 46 31 639 800; FAX: 46 31 639 900; E-mail: [email protected]) BASF India, Ltd., RBC Mahindra Towers, 1st floor, A Wing; Dr. G. M. Bhosale Marg, Worli, Mumbai, 400 018, India (Tel: 91 22 56618000; FAX: 91 22 495 0512; Internet: http://www.basf-india.com) BASF Australia Ltd., 500 Princes Highway, Noble Park Vic. 3174, Melbourne, Vic., 3001, Australia (Tel: 61 3 92 12 15 00; FAX: 61 3 92 12 15 11; Internet: http://www.basf.com.au) BASF Japan Ltd., Nanbu Bldg., 3-3, Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8570, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3238 2300; FAX: 81 3 3238 2290; Internet: http://www.basf-japan.co.jp/en/) BASF (China) Co. Ltd., Beijing Sunflower Tower, 15/F, No. 37, Maizidian Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 65 91 88 99; FAX: 86 10 85 27 56 03) BASF China Ltd., 45th floor, Jardine House, No. 1 Connaught Place, Central, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2731 1222; FAX: 852 2734 9631) BASF Microcheck Ltd., Ruddington Fields, Business Park Mere Way, Ruddington, Nottinghamshire, NG11 6JS, UK (Tel: 44 115 912 4586; FAX: 44 115 912 4592; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.basfbiocides.com) Basildon Chemical Co. Ltd. Kimber Rd., Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 1RZ, UK (Tel: 44 1235 526677; FAX: 44 1235 524334; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.baschem.co.uk) BassTech International LLC 300 Grand Ave., Englewood, NJ, 07631, USA (Tel: 201-569-8686; FAX: 201-569-7511; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.basstechintl.com) Bay Chemical & Supply Co. 5302 Cty. Rd. 2047, Odem, TX, 78370, USA (Tel: 361-883-2200; FAX: 361-368-2711; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.baychemical.com/) Bayer Bayer AG, Werk Leverkusen, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany (Tel: 49 214 301; FAX: 49 214 30 66328; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bayer-ag.de; http://www.bayer.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Bayer SA-NV, Div. of Bayer AG, Louizalaan 143, 1050 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32-2-535 63 11; FAX: 32-2-539 17 50; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bayer.be) BMS Bayer GmbH Austria, Thimiggasse 35 TOP 12, 1180 Vienna, Austria (Tel: 43 1 524 81 3400; FAX: 43 1 524 81 3480; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bms-austria.com) Bayer Danmark A/S, Noergaardsvej 32, Dk2800 Lyngby, Denmark (Tel: 45-45-235000; FAX: 45-45-235250; Internet: http://www.bayer.dk) Bayer BV, Postbus 80, 3640 AB Mijdrecht, The Netherlands (Tel: 31-297 28 06 66; FAX: 31-297 28 41 65; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bayer.nl) Bayer Portugal SA, R. da Quinta do Pinheiro, 5 Outurela, 2795 Carnaxide, Portugal (Tel: 351 21 416 42 00; FAX: 351 21 416 42 97; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bayer.pt) Bayer (Schweiz) AG, Grubenstrasse 6, CH8045 Zurich, Switzerland (Tel: 41-1-465 81 11; FAX: 41-1-462 07 54; Internet: http://www.bayer.ch) Bayer Corp./Corporate Headquarters, 100 Bayer Rd., Pittsburgh, PA, 15205-9741, USA (Tel: 412-777-2000; FAX: 412-7784430; Internet: http://www.bayerus.com) Bayer Corp./Industrial Chemicals Div./Textile Processing Chems., 100 Bayer Rd., Bldg. 14, Pittsburgh, PA, 152059741, USA (Tel: 412-777-2000; 800-6622927 x 2781; FAX: 412-777-4078; Internet: http://bayermaterialscience.com) Bayer/Rubber Business Group, Research and Development, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany (Tel: 49 214 30 72687; FAX: 49 214 30 61563; Internet: http://www.bayerrubber.com) Bayer S.A., Rua Domingos Jorge, 1100, 10 Socorro, Sao Paulo - SP, 04779-900, Brazil (Tel: 55-11-56 94-51 65; FAX: 55-11-548-05 15; Internet: http://www.bayer.com.br) Baymag 800, 10655 Southport Rd. SW, Calgary, Alberta, T2W 4Y1, Canada (Tel: 403-2719400; FAX: 403-271-0010; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.baymag.com) 2663

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory BCH Brühl-Chemikalien Handel GmbH Postfach 12 48, 50302 Brühl, Germany (Tel: 49 2232 933070; FAX: 49 2232 93307 9; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bch-bruehl.de) B D Aromatics Pvt. Ltd. 35/A-7, Civil Lines, Chowki Chouraha, Bareilly, UP, 243 001, India (Tel: 91 581 2567226; FAX: 91 581 2567023; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bdaromatics.com) BDH 350 Evans Ave., Toronto, ON, M8Z 1K5, Canada (Tel: 416-255-8521; FAX: 416-255 7453) B&D Nutritional Ingredients, Inc. 961 Park Center Drive, Vista, CA, 92081, USA (Tel: 760-597-0933; 800-546-6113; FAX: 760-597-9670; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bndni.com) D.B. Becker Co., Inc. 54 Old Highway 22, Suite 104, Clinton, NJ, 08809, USA (Tel: 908-730-6010; FAX: 908730-9118; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dbbecker.com) Beckmann Chemikalien KG Auf Dem Scheunenbrink 8, 27211 Bassum, Germany (Tel: 49 42 41 93 08 0; FAX: 49 42 41 93 08 30; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.beckmannchem.de) Bedoukian Research, Inc. 21 Finance Dr., Danbury, CT, 06810-4192, USA (Tel: 203-830-4000; FAX: 203-8304010; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bedoukian.com) Belinka Perkemija Chemical Industries d.o.o. Zasavska cesta 95, POB 4973, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia (Tel: 386 1 5886 299; FAX: 386 1 5886 303; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.belinka.si) Bell Flavors & Fragrances Bell Flavors & Fragrances, Inc., 500 Academy Dr., Northbrook, IL, 60062, USA (Tel: 847-291-8300; 800-323-4387; FAX: 847-291-1217; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bellff.com) Bell Flavors & Fragrances Canada, 3800-H Isabelle, Brossard (Montreal), Quebec, J4Y 2R3, Canada (Tel: 450-444-3819; 800-444Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

3819; FAX: 450-444-3974; E-mail: [email protected]) Bell Flavors & Fragrances Mexico, Gabino Barreda 1122, Col. San Carlos, Guadalajara, Jal., CP 44410, Mexico (Tel: 52 33 3650 1212; FAX: 52 33 3650 0229; Email: [email protected]) Bell Flavors & Fragrances GmbH, Schimmelstrasse 1, 04205 Miltitz Bei Leipzig, Germany (Tel: 49 341 945 10; FAX: 49 341 941 1669; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.belleurope.com) Bell Flavors & Fragrances Philippines, Matrinco Bldg., 4th Fl., Rm. 43, 2178 Pasong Tamo Street, Makati City, Philippines (Tel: 632 819 1341; FAX: 632 819 8534; E-mail: [email protected]) Bell Flavors & Fragrances China, No. 7-8, 1500 Jiu Jing Road Jinting, Songjiang District, Shanghai, 201615, P.R. China (Tel: 86-21-67697717; FAX: 86-21-67696329) Belmont Chems. Inc. 790 Bloomfield Ave., Clifton, NJ, 07012, USA (Tel: 973-777-2225; 800-722-5070; FAX: 973-777-6384; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.belmontchemicals.com) Belmont Metals Inc. 322 Belmont Ave., Brooklyn, NY, 11207-4000, USA (Tel: 718-342-4900; FAX: 718-3420175; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.belmontmetals.com) F.R. Benson & Partners Ltd. Unit 15, Watford Metrocentre, Tolpits Lane, Watford, Hertfordshire, WD1 8SS, UK (Tel: 44 1923 204500; FAX: 44 1923 240569; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.frbenson.co.uk) Benson Co. No. 167, 2nd Cross, Chamarajpet, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560018, India (Tel: 91-80-21661 9228; FAX: 91-80-29660 2697; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bensoncompany.com) Berjé Inc. 5 Lawrence St., Bloomfield, NJ, 07003-4691, USA (Tel: 973-748-8980; FAX: 973-6809618; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.berjeinc.com) William Bernstein Co., Inc. 155 W. 72nd St., New York, NY, 10023, USA (Tel: 212-799-3200; FAX: 212-799-3209) 2664

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Beyo Chemical Co., Ltd. 11F-15, TianFeng Bldg., No.26 HongWu Road, Nanjing, 210005, P.R. China (Tel: 86 25 8473 0637; FAX: 86 25 8473 0697; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.beyochem.com) BFA Laboratoires 107, ave. Franklin Roosevelt, 06117 Le Cannet Cedex, France (Tel: 33 0 4 93 69 99 62; FAX: 33 0 4 93 69 99 70; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bfa-lab.com) B.I. Chemicals, Inc. 2820 Normandy Dr, Petersburg, VA, 23805, USA (Tel: 804 862-1990; FAX: 804-5048637) Biddle Sawyer Corp. 21 Penn Plaza, 360 West 31st St., New York, NY, 10001-2727, USA (Tel: 212-736-1580; FAX: 212-239-1089; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.biddlesawyer.com) Bimal Pharma Chem 10, Indraprastha, 1-C, Raheja Township, Jitendra Road, Malad (East), Mumbai, 400 097, India (Tel: 91 22 8406031; FAX: 91 22 8414755) Bio Basic Inc. 160 Torbay Road, Markham, Ontario, L3R 1G6, Canada (Tel: 905-474 4493; 800-313 7224; FAX: 905-474 5794; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.biobasic.com) Bio-Botanica, Inc. 75 Commerce Dr., Hauppauge, NY, 117883942, USA (Tel: 631-231-5522; 800-6455720; FAX: 631-231-7332; Internet: http://www.bio-botanica.com) Bio-Cat Inc. 9117 Three Notch Rd., Troy, VA, 22974, USA (Tel: 434-589-4777; FAX: 434-589-3301; Internet: http://www.bio-cat.com) Bio-Cide International 2845 Broce Drive, P.O. Box 722170, Norman, OK, 73070, USA (Tel: 405-329-5556; 800323-1398; FAX: 405-329-2681; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bio-cide.com) Bioengineering AG Sagenrainstrasse 7, PO Box 463, CH-8636 Wald, Switzerland (Tel: 41 55 256 8111; FAX: 41 55 256 8 256; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.bioengineering.ch) Bioiberica S.A. Pl. Francesc Macià, 7, 08029 Palafolls (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 93 490 49 08; FAX: 34 93 490 49 08; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bioiberica.com) Bioindustria L.I.M. S.p.A. Via De Ambrosis, 2-4, 15067 Novi Ligure (AL), Italy (Tel: 39 0143 3131; FAX: 39 0143 73052; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bioindustria.it) BioLab BioLab Inc., Subsid. of Chemtura, 1735 N. Brown Rd., Lawrenceville, GA, 30042, USA (Tel: 678-502-4000; FAX: 678-502-4708; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wateradditives.com) Biolab Australia PTY Ltd., Subsid. of Chemtura, 61-63 Canterbury Road, Montrose, Victoria, 3765, Australia (Tel: 613-9728-2599; E-mail: [email protected]) Biolandes US 600 Meadowlands Pkwy. Ste. 139, Secausus, NJ, 07094, USA (Tel: 201-325-8733; FAX: 201-325-8734; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.biolandes.com) Biologos Inc. 2235 Cornell Ave., Montgomery, IL, 605383201, USA (Tel: 800-246-4088; FAX: 630801-4766; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.biologos.com/) BIOMOL International, L.P. 5120 Butler Pike, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462-1202, USA (Tel: 610-941-0430; 800942-0430; FAX: 610-941-9252; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.biomol.com) Bio-Rad Bio-Rad Laboratories, 1000 Alfred Nobel Dr., Hercules, CA, 94547, USA (Tel: 510-7411000; 800-4-BIORAD; FAX: 510-741-5817; Internet: http://www.bio-rad.com) Bio-Rad Laboratories, Life Science Group, 2000 Alfred Nobel Dr., Hercules, CA, 94547, USA (Tel: 510-741-1000; 800-4-BIORAD; FAX: 510-741-5800; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bio-rad.com) Bio-Rad Laboratories Ltd., Bio-Rad House, Maxted Road, Hemel Hempstead, 2665

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Hertfordshire, HP2 7TD, UK (Tel: 44 208 328 2000; FAX: 44 208 328 2550; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bio-rad.com) Bio-Rad Laboratories S.A.-N.V, Div. of BioRad Laboratories Inc, Begoniastraat 5, B9810 Nazareth Eke, Belgium (Tel: 32 9 385 5511; 0800 97032; FAX: 32 9 385 6554) Bioscience, Inc. 1550 Valley Center Pkwy., Suite 140, Bethlehem, PA, 18017-2270, USA (Tel: 610974-9693; 800-627-3069; FAX: 610-6912170; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bioscienceinc.com) Biosil Technologies, Inc. 510 E. 31st St., Paterson, NJ, 07504, USA (Tel: 973-684-2000; FAX: 973-742-9048; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.biosiltech.com) Bio Springer 103 Rue Jean Jaures, 94704 Maisons Alfort Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 49 77 18 45; FAX: 33 1 43 75 69 00; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.springer.fr) Biosynth Biosynth AG, Postfach 125, Rietlistrasse 4, 9422 Staad, Switzerland (Tel: 41 71 858 20 20; FAX: 41 71 858 20 30; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.biosynth.com) Biosynth International Inc., 1665 W. Quincy Ave., Suite 155, Naperville, IL, 60540, USA (Tel: 630-305-8400; 800-270-CHEM; FAX: 630-305-8420; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.biosynth.com) Blackman Uhler Chemical Co. Div. of Synalloy Corp., 2155 West Croft Circle, PO Box 5627, Spartanburg, SC, 293045627, USA (Tel: 864-596-1549; FAX: 864596-1524; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.buchemical.com) S. Black S. Black (Import & Export) Ltd., Foxholes Business Park, John Tate Road, Hertford, Hertfordshire, SG13 7YH, UK (Tel: 44 1992 825555; FAX: 44 1992 825566; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sblack.com) S. Black GmbH, Galmesweg 65, D - 47445 Moers, Germany (Tel: 49 2841-88036-0; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FAX: 49 2841-88036-15; E-mail: [email protected]) Blagden Specialty Chemicals Ltd. Osprey House, Black Eagle Square, Westerham, Kent, TN16 1PA, UK (Tel: 44 1959 562 000; FAX: 44 1959 565 511; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.blagdenspecchem.co.uk) Blanver Farmoquimica Blanver Farmoquimica Ltda., Rue Ely 76, Cotia - 06700-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 4612 4262; FAX: 55 11 4612 3307; Internet: http://www.blanver.com.br) Blanver U.S.A., 777 Yamato Rd., Suite 116, Boca Raton, FL, 33431-4406, USA (Tel: 561-862-0004; FAX: 561-862-0879; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.blanver.com.br) Blossom Farm Products Co. 12 Rt. 17 N, Paramus, NJ, 07652-2644, USA (Tel: 201-587-1818; 800-729-1818; FAX: 201-526-0310; E-mail: [email protected]) Bluestar Silicones France S.A.S. Usine Silicones Rhône-Alpes, 1-55 rue des Frères PERRET, F-69191 Saint Fons Cedex, France (Tel: +33 4 72 73 74 75; FAX: +33 4 72 73 75 99) William Blythe Ltd. Subsid. of Holliday Chemical Holdings plc, Holland Bank Works, Bridge St., Church, Accrington, Lancashire, BB5 4PD, UK (Tel: 44 1254 320000; FAX: 44 1254 320001; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wm-blythe.co.uk) BOC BOC Gases, The Priestley Centre, 10 Priestley Rd., Surrey Research Park, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XY, UK (Tel: 44 1483 244 067; FAX: 44 1483 532 115; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.boc.com) Linde Gas Belgium NV, Member of the BOC Group, Tunnelweg 7, B-2845 Niel, Belgium (Tel: 32 3 880 85 00; FAX: 32 3 844 31 43; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lindegasbenelux.com/internat ional/web/lg/nl/likelghlnl30.nsf/docbyalia s/Homepage) BOC Edwards GmbH, Ammerthalstrasse 36, D85551 Kirchheim, Germany (Tel: 49 89 9919 18-0; FAX: 49 89 9919 18-9; E-mail: 2666

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bocedwards.com) BOC Gases, 575 Mountain Ave., Murray Hill, NJ, 07974, USA (Tel: 908-464-8100; 800755-9277; FAX: 410-749-4073; Internet: http://www.fuelcellmarkets.com/home.fc m?subsite=453) BOC Canada Ltd, 5860 Chedworth Way, Mississauga, Ontario, L5R 0A2, Canada (Tel: 905-501-1700; 888 256 7359; Internet: http://www.bocgases.ca) BOC Limited, Riverside Corporate Park, 10 Julius Ave, North Ryde, NSW, 2113, Australia (Tel: 612 8874 4400; FAX: 612 9886 9000; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.boc.com.au) BOC Edwards Taiwan, No. 44, 6th Floor, Cheng Teh Road, Section 1 Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan (Tel: 886 2 2555 2260; FAX: 886 2 2555 3819; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bocedwards.com) BOC Japan Ltd, Sanshi Kaikan 5F, 9-4, Yurakucho 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0006, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5288 6861; FAX: 81 3 5288 6862; Internet: http://www.bocedwards.com) Boehle Chemicals, Inc. PO Box 2001, 19306 W. Ten Mile Rd., Southfield, MI, 48037, USA (Tel: 313-2552210; FAX: 313-255-4474; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.interpolymer.com/contentmgr /showdetails.php/id/204) Böhme Boehme Filatex Inc., 209 Watlington Industrial Dr., Reidsville, NC, 27320-8147, USA (Tel: 336-342-6631; 800-443-8814; FAX: 336-634-3324; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.boehmefilatex.com) Boehme Filatex Mexico S.A. de C.V., San Andres Atoto No. 5-A, Fracc. Alce Blanco, 53370 Naucalpan, Estado de Mexico, Mexico (Tel: 52 55 5357 0169; FAX: 52 5 358 6551; E-mail: [email protected]) Boehme Argentina S.R.L., Comandante Piedrabuena 4729, 1605 Munro, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54 11 4721 0400; FAX: 54 11 4721 0444; E-mail: [email protected])

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Boehme Pan America Industrial LTDA., Rodovia BR 470, s/n-km 96,7, Bairro Ribeirão São Luiz, Apiuna - SC, 89135-000, Brazil (Tel: 55 47 353 9900; FAX: 55 47 353 9901; E-mail: [email protected]) Dr. Th. Böhme Belgium N.V., Keizer Karelstraat, 62, 8930 Menen, Belgium (Tel: 32 56 51 40 92; FAX: 32 56 51 68 15; Email: [email protected]) Dr. Th. Böhme Austria Chem. Fabrik GmbH, Josef-Holzinger-Str. 2, 2602 Blumau, Austria (Tel: 43 2628 48205; FAX: 43 2628 48816; E-mail: [email protected]) Böhme France, 2 Rue d'Auvergne, 69002 Lyon, France (Tel: 33 (4 72) 72 90 06; FAX: 33 (4 72) 72 92 66; E-mail: [email protected]) Dr. Bohme Iberica, s.l., Crta.de Puig Gracios 40, 08480 L'Ametlla del Vallées (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 93 8 43 17 56; FAX: 34 93 8 43 17 58; E-mail: [email protected]) Boehme Asia Ltd., Flat A1, 6/F, Block A, Yee Lim Industrial Center, 2-28 Kwai Lok St., Kwai Chung, N.T., Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2 7701866; FAX: 852 2 7805555; E-mail: [email protected]) Boehringer Ingelheim Boehringer Ingelheim KG, Binger Strasse 173, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany (Tel: 49 6132 770; FAX: 49 6132 720; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.boehringeringelheim.com) Boehringer Ingelheim Limited, Ellesfield Ave., Bracknell, Berkshire, RG12 8YS, UK (Tel: 44 1344 424 600; FAX: 44 1344 741 444; E-mail: [email protected]) Boehringer Ingelheim B.V., Comeniusstraat 6, 1817 MS Alkmaar, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 72 566 24 24; FAX: 31 72 564 19 34; Email: [email protected]) Boehringer Ingelheim Espana, S.A./Chemicals Div., C/ Prat de la Riba, s/n, Sector Turó Can Matas, 08190 Sant Cugat del Vallés (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 93 40 45 370; FAX: 34 93 40 45 533; Email: [email protected]) 2667

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Boehringer Ingelheim Chemicals, Inc., P.O. Box 368, 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT, 06877-0368, USA (Tel: 203-798-9988; 800-556-8317; FAX: 203-791-6234; E-mail: [email protected]) Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd./Fine Chems. Div., 5180 S. Service Rd., Burlington, Ontario, L7L 5H4, Canada (Tel: 905 639 631-4677; E-mail: [email protected]) Boehringer Ingelheim Promeco, S.A. de C.V., Maiz 49, Colonia Xaltocan, Delegacion Xochimilco, Codigo Postal 16090, Xochimilco, 16090, Mexico (Tel: 52/56/29 83 00; FAX: 52/56/53 51 47; E-mail: [email protected]) Boehringer Ingelheim Pty. Ltd./Chem. Div., PO Box 1969, 85 Waterloo Rd., Macquarie Centre, North Ryde, NSW, 2113, Australia (Tel: 61 2 8875 8800; FAX: 61 2 8875 8801; E-mail: [email protected]) Boehringer Ingelheim (N.Z.) Ltd., 42 Ormiston Rd, East Tamaki Manukau City, Auckland, New Zealand (Tel: 64 9 274 86 64; FAX: 64 9 271 06 29; E-mail: [email protected]) Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., 310-1 Yato, Kawanishi-shi, Hyogo, 666-0193, Japan (Tel: 81-727/93 83 51; FAX: 81727/93 85 66; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.boehringeringelheim.co.jp/index-e.html) Boehringer Ingelheim International Trading Co., Ltd., 22F, No. 138 Pudong Ave., Shanghai, 200120, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 58 88 22 00; FAX: 86 21 58 78 00 88; Email: [email protected]) Boehringer Ingelheim Hong Kong Ltd., Suites 1504-7, Great Eagle Centre, 23 Harbour Rd., Wanchai, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 25 96 00 33; FAX: 852 28 27 01 62; E-mail: [email protected]) Boith Boith Limited (UK), 34 Church St., Ashbourne, Derbyshire, DE6 1AE, UK (Tel: 44 1335 343 051; FAX: 44 1335 342 053; EHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.boith.co.uk; http://www.boith.com) Boith Limited (China), 19/F, HuaMin Bldg., No. 9 HuBin East Rd., XiaMen, P.R. China (Tel: 86 592 5817016; FAX: 86 592 5814960; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.boith.com) Borden & Remington Corp. 63 Water Street, PO Box 2573, Fall River, MA, 02721, USA (Tel: 508-675-0096; 800-5435393; FAX: 508-672-5670; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.boremco.com/) Borregaard Borregaard Synthesis, PO Box 162, N-1701 Sarpsborg, Norway (Tel: 47 69 11 83 58; FAX: 47 69 11 89 70; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.borregaardsynthesis.com) Borregaard France, 86, ave. de Saint-Ouen, 75018 Paris, France (Tel: 33 1 53 06 60 40; FAX: 33 1 53 06 60 45) Borregaard Deutschland, Hansa Allee 201, Haus 2, 40549 Dusseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 59 51 90; FAX: 49 211 59 51 922) Borregaard Italia, Via Carso n. 73, 24040 Madone (BG), Italy (Tel: 39 035 4 99 81 11; FAX: 39 035 4 99 83 52) Borregaard Shanghai Rep. Office, Room C, 10/F New Century Plaza, 188 Wu Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200041, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 62 18 11 90; FAX: 86 21 62 18 37 31) Borregaard Japan, 3rd Fl. Dai-Ichi-Iwata Bld., 2-2-5 Higashi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0021, Japan (Tel: 81 3 57 77 03 65; FAX: 81 3 57 77 03 67) Borregaard LignoTech, PO Box 162, NO1701 Sarpsborg, Norway (Tel: 47 69 11 80 00; FAX: 47 69 11 87 90; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lignotech.com) Borregaard UK Ltd., Member of The Borregaard Group, Clayton Rd., Birchwood, Warrington, Cheshire, WA3 6QQ, UK (Tel: 44 1925 285400; FAX: 44 1925 285434) Borregaard Deutschland/LignoTech Werk, Hansa Allee 201, Haus 2, D-40549 Düsseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 595190; FAX: 49 211 5951922) Borregaard Industries Ltd./India Representative Office, 705 Casablanca, Plot No. 45,, Sector 11 CBD Belapur, Navi 2668

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Mumbai – 400 614, India (Tel: 91 22 7580194; FAX: 91 22 7580195) Borregaard Poland Sp.zo.o, Ziebicka 2, PL60-164 Poznan, Poland (Tel: 48 618615363; FAX: 48 618615379) Borregaard Middle East, P.O. Box 17601, Jebel Ali, Dubai, UAE (Tel: 971 4 8813958; FAX: 971 4 8813961) LignoTech South Africa, PO Box 743, Umkomaas, 4170, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 399736000; FAX: 27 399736015) Borregaard S.E.A. Pte. Ltd., 89 Science Park Drive, The Rutherford #04-25/26, Singapore Science Park 1, Singapore, 118258, Singapore (Tel: 65 677 80008; FAX: 65 677 89800; E-mail: [email protected]) Boscogen Inc. 11 Morgan, Irvine, CA, 92618-2005, USA (Tel: 949-380-4317; FAX: 949-583-2016; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.boscogen.com) Charles Bowman & Co. 3328 John F. Donnelly Dr., Holland, MI, 49422-2427, USA (Tel: 616-786-4000; FAX: 616-786-2864; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.charlesbowman.com) BP BP Chemicals Ltd., Bldg. A, Chertsey Rd., Sunbury-on-Thames, Middlesex, TW16 7LL, UK (Tel: 44 1932 762 000; FAX: 44 1932 774 372; Internet: http://www.bp.com/chemicals/) BP Chemicals Wingles, Avenue de la Verrerie, F-62410 Wingles, F-95866 CergyPontoise Cedex, France (Tel: 33 3 21 77 32 00; FAX: 33 1 34 22 48 32; E-mail: [email protected]) BP Belgium NV, Uitbreidingstraat 60-62, 2600 Berchem, Belgium (Tel: 32 3 286 0811; FAX: 32 3 286 0899; Internet: http://www.bp.be) BP (Switzerland), Baarerstrasse 139, 6302 Zug, Switzerland (Tel: 41 58 456 91 11; FAX: 41 58 456 91 19; E-mail: [email protected]) Deutsche BP AG, Wittener Str. 45, 44789 Bochum, Germany (Tel: 49 234-315-0; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.deutschebp.de) BP Italia SpA, Via A. Cechov, 50/2, 20151 Milan, Italy (Tel: 39 (02) 334 451; FAX: 39 (02) 3344 5200) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

BP Japan K.K., 15th Fl, Roppongi Hills Mori Tower, 10-1 Roppongi 6-chome, Tokyo, 106-6115, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3796 6400; FAX: 81 3 3796 6425) BP Chemicals, 28100 Torch Parkway, Warrenville, IL, 60555, USA (Tel: 630 836 5000; Internet: http://www.bp.com) BP Mexico, Av. Santa Fé No.505, Floor 10, Col. Cruz Manca Santa Fé, México City, 05390,, Mexico (Tel: 52 55 5063 2000; FAX: 52 55 5292 4847) BP Brasil Ltda., Avenida Rio Branco, 1 - 10 Andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro RJ, 20090003, Brazil (Tel: 55 21 2517 4400; FAX: 55 21 2518 1244) BP Australia pty Ltd., 360 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, Vic., 3000, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9268 4111; FAX: 61 3 9268 3321) BP Hong Kong Limited, 22nd Fl., Devon House, 979 Kings Rd., Taikoo Place, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2586 8899; FAX: 852 2586 8981) Brainerd Chemical Company, Inc. 1200 North Peoria, P.O. Box 470010, Tulsa, OK, 74147-0010, USA (Tel: 918-622-1214; 800-551-5128; FAX: 918-632-0851; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.brainerdchemical.com) Brandeis Chemical Div. Div. of Pechiney World Trade (USA) Inc., 333 Ludlow Street, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA (Tel: 203-541-9200; FAX: 203-541-9191; Internet: http://www.pechineychemicals.com) Arthur Branwell & Co. Ltd. Bronte House, 58-62 High St., Epping, Essex, CM16 4AE, UK (Tel: 44 1992 577333; FAX: 44 1992 561138; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.branwell.com) Brenntag Brenntag AG, Stinnes-Platz 1, 45472 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany (Tel: 49 208 7828 0; FAX: 49 208 7828 698; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.brenntag.de) Brenntag N.V, Nijverheidslaan 38, B-8540 Deerlijk, Belgium (Tel: 32 (56) 77.69.44; FAX: 32 (56) 77.57.11; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.brenntag.be) Brenntag (UK) Ltd., Pensnett House, The Pensnett Estate, Kingwinford, West 2669

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Midlands, DY6 7PP, UK (Tel: 44 1384 400222; FAX: 441384 400020; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.brenntag.co.uk) Brenntag Portugal Lda., Estrada De Albarraque Linho Maniqui Di Cima, APTDO 1 2710-297, Alcabideche, Portugal (Tel: 351 219 24 88 00; FAX: 351 219 24 88 45; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.brenntag.pt) Brenntag, Inc., 5083 Pottsville Pike, P.O.Box 13786, Reading, PA, 19612, USA (Tel: 610926-6100; FAX: 610-926-0420; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.brenntagnorthamerica.com) Brenntag Southeast Inc., Member of Brenntag Group, 2000 E. Pettigrew St., Durham, NC, 27703, USA (Tel: 919-5960681; FAX: 919-596-6438) Brenntag Specialties, Inc. 1000 Coolidge St., South Plainfield, NJ, 07080, USA (Tel: 908-561-6100; 800-732-0562; FAX: 800-253-5041; 908-757-3488; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.brenntagspecialties.com) Briess Malting Co. PO Box 229, 625 S. Irish Rd, Chilton, WI, 53014, USA (Tel: 920-849-7711; FAX: 920849-4277; Internet: http://www.briess.com) Britannia Natural Products Ltd. Unit 5 Woodlands Business Park, Rougham Ind. Estate, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, IP30 9ND, UK (Tel: 44 135927-16-72; Internet: http://amcaningredients.com/pages/fca.htm) British Pepper & Spice Co. Ltd. Rhosili Rd., Brackmills, Northampton, Northamptonshire, NN4 7AN, UK (Tel: 44 1604 766461; FAX: 44 1604 763156; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.britishpepper.co.uk) British Salt Limited Wholly owned subsid. of U.S. Salt Holdings, Cledford Lane, Middlewich, Cheshire, CW10 0JP, UK (Tel: 44 1606 832881; FAX: 44 1606 835999; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.britishsalt.co.uk) British Sugar plc Sugar Way, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire, PE2 9AY, UK (Tel: 44 1733 563171; FAX: 44 1733 422967; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.britishsugar.co.uk) British Wax Refining Co. Ltd. 62 Holmethorpe Ave., Holmethorpe Industrial Estate, Redhill, Surrey, RH1 2NL, UK (Tel: 44 1737 761242; FAX: 44 1737 761472; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.british-wax.com) Broadview Technologies Inc. 7-33 Amsterdam St., Newark, NJ, 07105, USA (Tel: 973-465-0077; FAX: 973-465-7713; Internet: http://www.broadview-tech.com) Brolite Products Inc. 1900 S. Park Ave., Streamwood, IL, 60107, USA (Tel: 630-830-0340; 888-276-5483; FAX: 630-830-0356; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bakewithbrolite.com) Bronson & Jacobs Pty. Ltd. 5 Parkview Dr., Australia Centre, PO Box 22, Sidney Olympic Park, NSW, 2140, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9394 3288; FAX: 61 2 9394 3222; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bronsonandjacobs.com.au) Brook-Chem Inc. 1770 North Park Place, Ste. 109, Naperville, IL, 60563, USA (Tel: 630-369-7300; FAX: 630-369-7325; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.brookchem.com) Brøste P. Brøste A/S, Lundtoftegardsvej 95, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark (Tel: 45 45 26 33 33; FAX: 45 4593 1334; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.broste.com) Broste Ltd, No. 8 North Lynn Business Village-Bergen Way, North Lynn Industrial, King Lynn, Norfolk, PE 30 2JG, UK (Tel: 44 1553 776066; FAX: 44 1553 767319; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.broste.com) Broste SIA, Stuktoru Iela 14, LV - 1039 RIGA, Latvia (Tel: 371 7542944; FAX: 371 7552741; E-mail: [email protected]) Brotherton Speciality Products Ltd. Fully owned subsid. of Church & Dwight Co., Inc. USA, Calder Vale Rd, Wakefield, West Yorkshire, WF1 5PH, UK (Tel: 44 1924 371919; FAX: 44 1924 290408; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.brotherton.co.uk) 2670

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory James M. Brown Limited Napier St., Fenton, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffs, ST4 4NX, UK (Tel: 44 1782 744171; FAX: 44 1782 744473; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jamesmbrown.co.uk) Brown Chemical Co., Inc. 302 W. Oakland Ave., Oakland, NJ, 074360440, USA (Tel: 201-337-0900; FAX: 201337-9026; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.brownchem.com) Brunner Mond Brunner Mond (UK) Ltd., Wholly owned subsid. of Brunner Mond Group plc, PO Box 4, Mond House, Northwich, Cheshire, CW8 4DT, UK (Tel: 44 1606 724000; FAX: 44 1606 781353; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.brunnermond.com) Brunner Mond (NL) Ltd., Oosterhorn 4, Postbus 173, 9930 AD Delfzijl, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 596 648900; FAX: 31 596 648948) Brunner Mond (South Africa) Pty. Ltd., 140 Johnstone Road, Maydon Wharf, Durban, 4000, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 31 2059 252; FAX: 27 31 2051 811; E-mail: [email protected]) Bruno Bock Chemische Fabrik GmbH & Co. KG Eichholzer Strasse 23, 21436 Marschacht, Germany (Tel: 49 4176 9098 17; FAX: 49 4176 0998-817; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bock-thiochemicals.com) Buckton Page Limited Unit 5, Prospect Business Park, Langston Rd., Loughton, Essex, IG10 3TR, UK (Tel: 44 20 8532 1022; FAX: 44 20 8532 1023; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bucktonpage.com) Buckton Scott Buckton Scott Chemicals Ltd., B.S. Chem., Canewdon House, Locks Hill, Rochford, Essex, SS4 1BB, UK (Tel: 44 1702 560600; FAX: 44 1702 560606; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.buckton.com) Buckton Scott Deutchland, Panther Business Center, Mittelweg 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany (Tel: 49 531 618 3820; FAX: 49 531 618 3820) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Buckton Scott South America SAC, Javier Prado Este, No 3040 of. No 504 San Borja, Lima, 41, Peru (Tel: 511 435 5473; FAX: 511 435 5536; E-mail: [email protected]) Buckton Scott China, Suite 1715, 17TH Floor, China Merchants Bank Tower, NO. 66-5 Qingnian Road,, Hankou, Wuhan, China (Tel: (86) 27 85725683; FAX: (86) 27 85743101) Budenheim USA, Inc. 245 Newtown Road, Suite 305, Garden City, NY, 11530, USA (Tel: 516-683-6900; 800645-3044; FAX: 516-683-6990; Internet: http://www.gallard-schlesinger.com) Burdick & Jackson Div. of Honeywell, 1953 S. Harvey St., Muskegon, MI, 49442-6184, USA (Tel: 231726-3171; 800-368-0050; FAX: 231-7256216; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bandj.com) Burgess Pigment Co. PO Box 349, 525 Beck Blvd., Sandersville, GA, 31082, USA (Tel: 478-552-2544; 800841-8999; FAX: 478-552-4274; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.burgesspigment.com) Burlington Bio-Medical & Scientific Corp. 71 Carolyn Blvd., Farmingdale, NY, 117351527, USA (Tel: 631-694-4700; FAX: 631694-9177) Burlington Chemical Co., Inc. PO Box 111, 615 Huffman Mill Rd., Burlington, NC, 27216, USA (Tel: 336-584-0111; 800672-5888; FAX: 336-584-3548; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.burco.com) BYK BYK-Chemie GmbH, Div. of Altana Industrie Aktien und Anlagen AG, Abelstrasse 45, PO Box 10 02 45, 46462 Wesel, Germany (Tel: 49 281 670 0; FAX: 49 281 65735; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bykchemie.com) BYK-Chemie Solutions (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Beijing Branch, Unit 705,7/F, Tower W3, Oriental Plaza No.1 East Chang An Av, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, 100738, China (Tel: 86-10-85 181738; FAX: 86-10-85 181750; E-mail: [email protected]) 2671

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory BYK-Chemie Japan K.K., 1-4-4, Dojimahama, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530-0004, Japan (Tel: 81 6 4797-1470; FAX: 81 6 4797-1477; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.byk.co.jp) BYK-Chemie Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd., 89 Science Park Drive, Lobby A, #03-04, The Rutherford,, Science Park 1, Singapore, 118261, Singapore (Tel: 65 874 7673; FAX: 65 873 2330) Byrton Dairy Products Inc. 28354 N. Ballard Dr., Lake Forest, IL, 600454507, USA (Tel: 847-367-8300; FAX: 847367-8332; E-mail: [email protected]) Cabot Cabot Corp., 1095 Windward Ridge Pkwy., Suite 200, Alpharetta, GA, 30005, USA (Tel: 678-297-1300; FAX: 678-297-1245; Internet: http://w1.cabot-corp.com) Cabot Corp./Cab-O-Sil Div., 157 Concord Rd., Billerica, MA, 01821-7001, USA (Tel: 978-663-3455; 800-462-2313; FAX: 978670-6167; Internet: http://www.cabotcorp.com/cabosil/cabosil.nsf) Cabot Brasil Industria E Comercio Ltda., Av. das Industrias, 135 -, Bairro Capuava, 09380-435 Maua-SP, Brazil (Tel: 55-11 4547-6500; FAX: 55-11 4549-1322) Cabot Argentina, S.A.I.C., Av. Larrabure 203, Casilla de Correo 15, 2804 Campana, Argentina (Tel: 54 3489 434000; FAX: 54 3489 434080) Cabot Colombiana S.A., Carretera Mamonal, km 12, Apartado Aereo 2903, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia (Tel: 57 5 668 8511; FAX: 57 5 668 8566) Cabot France SA, Route Départementale 21, BP 39, 13131 Berre-l'Etang Cedex, France (Tel: 33 4 4274 9000; FAX: 33 4 42 74 90 01) Cabot Carbon Ltd., Div. of Cabot Corp., Lees Lane, Ellesmere Port, Cheshire, CH65 4HT, UK (Tel: 44.151 350.1482; FAX: 44.151 350.1462) Cabot Carbon Ltd./Fumed Silica, Div. of Cabot Corp., Lees Lane, Ellesmere Port, Cheshire, UK (Tel: 44 151 355.3677; FAX: 44 151 356.0712) Cabot GmbH, Josef-Bautz-Strasse 15, 63457 Hanau, Germany (Tel: 49 6181 5050; FAX: 49 6181 505 201) Cabot B.V./Carbon Blacks Div., Botlekstraat 2, 3197 KA Botlek-Rotterdam, The Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Netherlands (Tel: 31 181 291 888; FAX: 31 181 291 783) Cabot Italiana S.p.A./Carbon Blacks, Via Baiona 190, 48100 Ravenna, Italy (Tel: 39 544 519 511; FAX: 39 544 451 946) Cabot S.A., Paseo Landabarri,, nº 4 Esc.1 2da. planta, 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain (Tel: 34 94 636 5136; FAX: 34 94 636 5199) Cabot Specialty Chemicals Inc. (Malaysia), Level 21, MNI Tower 2, 11, Jalan Pinang, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (Tel: 60 3 2164 8352; FAX: 60 3 2162 0253) Cabot Specialty Chemicals Inc. (Japan), Sumitomo Shiba-Daimon Bldg. 11F, 2-5-5Shiba Daimon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0012, Japan (Tel: 81-3-6820-0255; FAX: 81-35425-4500) Shanghai Cabot Chemical Company Ltd., No. 558 Shuang Bai Lu, Shanghai, 201108, P.R. China (Tel: 86-21 6434-7766; FAX: 8621 6434-5532) Cabot Plastics Ltd., Gate St., Dunkinfield, Cheshire, SK16 4RU, UK (Tel: 44 161 934 4500; FAX: 44 161 934 4501; Internet: http://www.cabot-corp.com) Cabot Plastics Italiana, Zona Industriale 38055, I - Grigno (TN), Italy (Tel: 39 0461 765 259; FAX: 39 0461 765 146) Cabot Plastics Hong Kong Ltd., 18 Dai Kwai St., Tai Po Industrial Estates, Tai Po, NT, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 266 62666; FAX: 852 266 60807) Cain Food Industries P.O. Box 35066, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA (Tel: 214-630-4511; FAX: 214-630-4510; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cainfood.com) Calgon Carbon Calgon Carbon Corp., 400 Calgon Carbon Dr., Pittsburgh, PA, 15205, USA (Tel: 412787-6700; 800-422-7266; FAX: 412-7876324; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.calgoncarbon.com) Chemviron Carbon, Zoning Industriel C de Feluy, B - 7181 Feluy, Belgium (Tel: 32 64 51 18 11; FAX: 32 64 54 15 91) California Natural Products (CNP) PO Box 1219, Lathrop, CA, 95330, USA (Tel: 209-858-2525; FAX: 209-858-4076; Internet: http://www.cnp.com/) I. P. Callison & Sons 2400 Callison Rd. NE, Lacey, WA, 98516, USA (Tel: 360-412-3340; FAX: 360-4122672

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 3344; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ipcallison.com) J.H. Calo Company Inc. 1600 Stewart Ave., Suite 303, PO Box 647, Westbury, NY, 11590, USA (Tel: 516-8327750; 866.300.CALO; FAX: 516-832-7758; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jhcalo.com) Calor Gas Northern Ireland Limited Airport Rd. West, Sydenham, Belfast, BT3 9EE, Ireland (Tel: 44 28 9045 5588; FAX: 44 28 9045 8072; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.calorgas.ie) Calumet Lubricants Co. 2780 Waterfront Pkwy. E. Dr., Suite 200, Indianapolis, IN, 46214, USA (Tel: 317-3285660; 800-437-3188; FAX: 317-328-5668; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.calumetlubricants.com) Cambrex Cambrex Corp., One Meadowlands Plaza, E. Rutherford, NJ, 07073, USA (Tel: 201-8043000; FAX: 201-804-9852; Internet: http://www.cambrex.com) Cambrex Charles City, Inc., A Cambrex Co., 1205 Eleventh St., Charles City, IA, 506163466, USA (Tel: 641-257-1000; 800-2471833; FAX: 641-228-4152; E-mail: [email protected].; Internet: http://www.cambrex.com/Content/About/ Locations.class) Cambrex Karlskoga AB, A Cambrex Co., SE691 85 Karlskoga, Sweden (Tel: 46 586 78 00 00; FAX: 46 586 78 30 09; E-mail: [email protected]) Cambridge Research Biochemicals Ltd. 10 Belasis Court, Belasis Hall Technology Park, Billingham, Cleveland, TS23 4AZ, UK (Tel: 44 1642 567182; FAX: 44 1642 567181; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.crb.gb.com) Cameron Carbon Inc. PO Box 995, Havre de Grace, MD, 21078, USA (Tel: 410942-0240; 800-394-6844; FAX: 410-942-0242; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cameroncarbon.com/) Camida Camida Ltd, Tower House, New Quay, Clonmel, Co. Tipperary, Ireland (Tel: 353 52 25455; FAX: 353-52-25466; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.camida.com) Camida Ltd (UK), Unit 12, Willow Mill, Fell View, Caton, Lancaster, LA2 9RA, UK (Tel: 44 1524 771881; FAX: 44 1524 771882; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.camida.com) Camida LLC, 100 DeBartolo Place, Suite 240, Boardman, OH, 44512, USA (Tel: 330-3184107; FAX: 330-232-9943; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.camida.com) Camphor & Allied Products Ltd. Jehangir Bldg., 133 M.G. Rd., Mumbai, 400 001, India (Tel: 91 22 22670833; FAX: 91 22 22670490; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.camphorallied.com) Canbro Inc. 29 E. Park St., Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Quebec, J6S 1P8, Canada (Tel: 450-3730233; FAX: 450-373-4540; E-mail: [email protected]) Caravan Ingredients 7905 Quivira Road, Lenexa, KS, 66215, USA (Tel: 913-890-5500; 800-669-4092; FAX: 913-888-4970; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.americaningredients.com/) Carbery Food Ingredients Ltd. Ballineen, Co Cork, Ireland (Tel: 353 23 22200; FAX: 353 23 47541; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.carbery.com) Carbochem, Inc. 326 W. Lancaster Ave., Ardmore, PA, 19003, USA (Tel: 610-645-9200; FAX: 610-6455501; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.carbochem.com) CarboMer, Inc. PO Box 261026, San Diego, CA, 92196, USA (Tel: 858-552-0992; 800-239-7129; FAX: 858-552-0999; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; Internet: http://www.carbomer.com) Cardolite Cardolite Corp., 500 Doremus Ave., Newark, NJ, 07105-4805, USA (Tel: 973-344-5015; 800-322-7365; FAX: 973-344-1197; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cardolite.com) 2673

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Cardolite Europe nv, Offerlaan 116-118, B9000 Ghent, Belgium (Tel: 32 9 265 88 20; FAX: 32 9 265 88 29; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cardanol.be) Cardolite Singapore Pte. Ltd., 10 Science Park Road, Singapore Science Park 2, #0317A, The Alpha, Singapore, 117684, Singapore (Tel: 65 6776 1866; FAX: 65 6776 6212; E-mail: [email protected]) Cardolite Chemical Ltd., Biyang Road, Harbor Industrial Zone, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519050, P.R. China (Tel: 86 756 726 9066; FAX: 86 756 726 9067; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://64.225.201.57/cn/main.htm) Cargill Cargill-Cerestar BVBA, Bedrijvenlaan, 9, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium (Tel: 32 0 15 400 508; FAX: 32 0 15 400 591; Internet: http://www.cargill.com/) Cerestar Benelux BV, A div. of Cargill, Lelyweg, 31, 4600 AA Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 164 282 200; FAX: 31 164 254 489; Internet: http://www.cerestar.nl) Cargill Foods, 400 E. Diehl Rd., Suite 330, Naperville, IL, 60563-1361, USA (Tel: 630505-7322; 800-227-4455; FAX: 630-5057846; Internet: http://www.cargillfoods.com/) Cargill Foods Salt Products, PO Box 9300, Coral Gables, MN, 55440-9300, USA (Tel: 952-742-7575; 800-CARGILL; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cargillsalt.com) Cargill NV, Haven 506, Muisbroeklaan 43, B2030 Antwerp, Belgium (Tel: 32-3-540-1811; FAX: 32-3-540-1860) Cerestar Italia, A division of Cargill, Via Cerestar, 1, 45035 Castelmassa, Italy (Tel: 39 0425 84 81; FAX: 39 0425 84 07 84) Cargill Foods UK, Knowle Hill Park, Fairmile Lane, Cobham, Surrey, KT11 2PD, UK (Tel: 44 1932 861000; FAX: 44 1932 861200; Email: [email protected]) Cargill Srl, Via Girardo Patecchio, 4, I-20141 Milano, Italy (Tel: 39-02-890-441; FAX: 3902-890-44-820; Internet: http://www.cargill.it) Deutsche Cargill GmbH, Ruedekenstrasse 51/ Am Hafen, 38239 Salzgitter-Beddingen, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Germany (Tel: 49 5341 224 0; FAX: 49 5341 224 888; Internet: http://www.cargill.de/) Cargill Flavor Systems Europe, Capriweg 4, 1044 AL Amsterdam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 20 4803706; FAX: 31 20 4803790; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/) Cargill Flavor Systems, 10311 Chester Road, Cincinnati, OH, 45215, USA (Tel: 513-771 4682; 800-234 2539; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cargillflavorsystems.com/) Cargill BioActives LLC, 620 Progress Avenue, Waukesha, WI, 53187-1609, USA (Tel: 262 547 55 31; 800-342 5724; FAX: 262 547 05 87; Internet: http://www.cargillbioactives.com/bioactiv es/html/e/home.htm) Cargill Texturizing Solutions España, S.L., Carretera de Molins de Rei a Sabadell, km 13.3, Apartado de Correos, 115, 08191 Rubí (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 935 88 12 21; FAX: 34 935 88 18 81; Internet: http://www.cargilltexturizing.com) Cargill International S.A., 14 chemin de Normandie, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland (Tel: 41 22 703 21 11; FAX: 41 22 703 25 55) Cargill Sweetness Solutions, 15407 McGinty Road West, Wayzata, MN, 55440, (Tel: 877-650-7080; FAX: 319-399-6170; Internet: http://www.cargillsweetness.com) Cargill Texturizing Solutions Italia S.r.l, Via Venezia 34, 135010 Vigonza (PD), Italy (Tel: 39 49 8283900; FAX: 39 49 7250 33; Internet: http://www.cargilltexturizing.com) Cargill Nordic A/S, Ordrupvej 101, 2nd, DK2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark (Tel: 45 45 46 90 00; FAX: 45 45 46 90 40) Cargill Texturizing Solutions, 15407 McGinty Road W, # 46, Wayzata, MN, 55391, USA (Tel: 877-650-7080; FAX: 952-249-4040; Internet: http://www.cargilltexturizing.com) Cargill Texturizing Solutions Deutschland GmbH & Co KG, Ausschläger Elbdeich 62, 20539 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 407 89 55 0; FAX: 49 407 89 83 29; Internet: http://www.cargilltexturizing.com) Cargill Japan Ltd, Sanbancho KS Bldg., 7 F, Sanbancho 2, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 1020075, Japan (Tel: 81 332 88 97 53; FAX: 81 2674

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 332 88 75 45; Internet: http://www.cargilltexturizing.com/) Cargill Espana, S.A., C/Marie Curie 6, 08760 Martorell (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 93 773 38 00; FAX: 34 93 775 08 58) Cargill Texturizing Solutions UK Ltd, Trafford Park, Manchester, M17 1PA, UK (Tel: 44 161 872 5959; FAX: 161 848 7674; Internet: http://www.cargilltexturizing.com) Cargill Food Ingredients (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, 55 Chundong Road, Shanghai Xinzhuang Industry Park, 201108 Shanghai, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 3407 3297; FAX: 86 21 5442 3897; Internet: http://www.degussasiapacifictexturants.com) Cerestar UK Ltd., A division of Cargill, Trafford Park Rd, Trafford Park, Manchester, Lancashire, M17 1PA, UK (Tel: 44 161 872 5959; FAX: 44 161-848 9034; Internet: http://www.cerestar.com) Cerestar Deutschland GmbH, A Division of Cargill, Cerestarstrasse 2, 47809 Krefeld, Germany (Tel: 49 2151 575 01; FAX: 49 2151 572 583) Cerestar Finland Oy, A division of Cargill, Piispansilta 9, Toimisto D, 111 krs, FIN02230 Espoo, Finland (Tel: 358 9 417 67 100; FAX: 358 9 417 67 159) Cerestar Ibérica SL, A division of Cargill, Calle Marie Curie 6, 08760 Martorell (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 93 773 38 00; FAX: 34 93 775 59 50) Cerestar USA Inc., A division of Cargill, 1100 Indianapolis Blvd., Hammond, IN, 463201094, USA (Tel: 219-473-2262; 800-3489896; FAX: 219-473-6601; Internet: http://www.cargill.com/) Caribbean Flavors & Fragances, S.A. 2, Rue Guilbaud, Route de l'aéroport, Port-AuPrince, Haiti W.I. (Tel: 509-250-1637; FAX: 509-250-1638; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cffhaiti.com) Carrageenan Co. 3830 S. Teakwood St., Santa Ana, CA, 92707, USA (Tel: 714-751-1521; FAX: 714-8509865; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.carrageenanco.com) R.E. Carroll, Inc. 1570 N. Olden Ave., PO Box 5806, Trenton, NJ, 08638-0806, USA (Tel: 609-695-6211; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

800-257-9365; FAX: 609-695-0102; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.recarroll.com) Carrubba Inc. 70 Research Dr., Milford, CT, 06460, USA (Tel: 203-878-0605; FAX: 203-877-0361; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.carrubba.com) The Cary Co. 1195 W. Fullerton Ave., PO Box 403, Addison, IL, 60101-0403, USA (Tel: 630-629-6600; FAX: 630-629-3690; Internet: http://www.thecarycompany.com) Castrol Industrial North America Inc. 150 West Warrenville Road; 605-3E, Naperville, IL, 60563, USA (Tel: 877 641 1600; FAX: 877 648 9801; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.castrolindustrial.com) Cater Chemicals Corp. 247 William St., Bensenville, IL, 60106, USA (Tel: 630-350-7888; FAX: 630-350-7930; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.caterchem.com) CC Pollen Co. 3627 E. Indian School Rd., Suite 209, Phoenix, AZ, 85018-5126, USA (Tel: 602-957-0096; 800-875-0096; FAX: 602-381-3130; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ccpollen.com) CEAMSA Pol. As Gándaras s/n, 36418 O Porriño, Pontevedra, Spain (Tel: 34 986 34 40 89; FAX: 34 986 33 66 21; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ceamsa.com) Cedar Concepts Corp. 4342 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL, 60609, USA (Tel: 773-890-5790; FAX: 773-8901606; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cedarconcepts.net/) Celanese Celanese Chemicals, A Business of Celanese AG, 1601 West LBJ Freeway, Dallas, TX, 75234-6034, USA (Tel: 972-443-4000; 800344-2497; FAX: 972-443-8538; Internet: http://www.celanesechemicals.com; http://www.chemvip.com) Celanese Chemicals UK Ltd., Ground Floor Office, Terminal 1, North Moss Lane, Stallingborough, North East Lincolnshire, DN41 8DD, UK (Tel: 44 1469 574289; FAX: 44 1469 575861) 2675

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Celanese Chemicals Ibérica, S.L., Rambla Nova, 88, P.O. Box 732, 43080 Tarragona, Spain (Tel: 34 977 307700; FAX: 34-977307790) Celanese (China) Holding Co., Ltd, Room 2607-2610, China Insurance Tower, 166 Eastern Lu Jia Zui Dong Road, Shanghai, 627883, P.R. China (Tel: 1380 172 1030) Celanese Pte Ltd., 111 Somerset Road, #0202/03 Singapore Power Building, Singapore, 238164, Singapore (Tel: 65-733-17 67; FAX: 6738 6737) Celite Celite Corp., Subsid. of World Minerals Inc., 130 Castilian Dr., Goleta, CA, 93117, USA (Tel: 805-737-2433; 800-893-4445; FAX: 805-735-5699; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.worldminerals.com/celite.html ) Celite México S.A. de C.V., Alejandro Dumas No. 103, 3er, piso, Col. Polanco, 11560, Mexico (Tel: 52 5 280 0289; FAX: 52 5 281 2587; Internet: http://www.worldminerals.com/celite.html ) Celsus Laboratories Inc. 12150 Best Pl., Cincinnati, OH, 45241, USA (Tel: 513-772-8130; 800-HEPARIN; FAX: 513-772-8132; 888-HEPARIN; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.heparin.com/) Celtic Chemicals Ltd. Gas Works Industrial Estate, Victoria Rd, Port Talbot, West Glamorgan, SA12 6DB, Wales UK (Tel: 44 1639 886236; FAX: 44 1639 889047; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.celticchemicals.co.uk) Centerchem Inc. 20 Glover Ave., Norwalk, CT, 06850, USA (Tel: 203-822-9800; FAX: 203-822-9820; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.centerchem.com) Centro China Co., Ltd. No. 7, Alley 369, Sec. 3, Ta-Tung Rd., Hsi Chih, Taipei Hsien, Taiwan (Tel: 886 2 8648 2714; FAX: 886 2 86487303; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.centro.ttnet.net) Century Multech, Inc. 33-70 Prince St., Suite 605, Flushing, NY, 11354, USA (Tel: 718-353-9885; FAX: 718Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

353-9878; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.centurymultech.com) Cerac, Inc. PO Box 1178, 407 N. 13th St., Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA (Tel: 414-289-9800; FAX: 414289-9805; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cerac.com) Ceres Chemical Co., Inc. 84 Business Park Drive, Armonk, NY, 10504, USA (Tel: 914-422-8000; FAX: 914-4228008; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cereschemical.com/) Cesalpinia Food Via Verdi, 3, I- 20010 Ossona (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 02 90380669; Internet: http://www.cesalpiniafood.com) Cham Foods (Israel) Ltd. PO Box 299, 38102 Hadera, Israel (Tel: 972 4 6334755; FAX: 972 4 6336194; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cham.co.il) Chance & Hunt Alexander House, Crown Gate, Runcorn, Cheshire, WA7 2UP, UK (Tel: 44 1928 793000; FAX: 44 1928 714351; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chance-hunt.com) Changzhou Changmao Biochemical Engineering Co.,Ltd. West Chemical Area, Jiangbian Developing Zone, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 213016, P.R. China (Tel: 86 519 5776811; FAX: 86 519 5776803; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ccbec.com) Charabot & Co. Inc. USA 30 Corporate Dr., Orangeburg, NY, 109622622, USA (Tel: 845-398-1200; FAX: 845398-1440; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.charabot.com) Charkit Chemical Corp. 9 Old Kings Way South, PO Box 1725, Darien, CT, 06820-1725, USA (Tel: 203-655-3400; FAX: 203-655-8643; Internet: http://www.charkit.com) Charlotte Chemical Inc. 2500 Wilcrest, Suite 334, Houston, TX, 77042, USA (Tel: 281-955-1162; FAX: 281-9559632; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.charlotte.com.mx)

2676

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Chart Corporation Inc. 787 E. 27th St., Paterson, NJ, 07504, USA (Tel: 973-345-5554; FAX: 973-345-2139; Internet: http://www.chartcorp.com) Chattem Chemicals, Inc. An Elcat Company, 3708 St Elmo Ave, Chattanooga, TN, 37409, USA (Tel: 423822-5000; FAX: 423-825-0507; E-mail: [email protected] m; Internet: http://www.chattemchemicals.com) Chemacon GmbH Rossmarktstrasse 22, D-67346 Speyer, Germany (Tel: 49 62 32 622 286; FAX: 49 62 32 622 287; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemacon.de) Chemax Performance Solutions Member of Rütgers Organics Corp., 30 Old Augusta Road, Piedmont,, SC, 29673, USA (Tel: 864-277-7000; 800-334-6234; FAX: 864-277-7807; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemaxperformancesolutions .com) Chemcentral Corp. 7050 W. 71 St., PO Box 368, Bedford Park, IL, 60499-0368, USA (Tel: 708-594-7000; 800346-0212; FAX: 708-594-6383; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemcentral.com) Chemco France 10 av. Maurice Berteaux, 78300 Poissy, France (Tel: 33 1 30 65 75 00; FAX: 33 1 30 65 74 94; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemcofrance.com/chemco/chemco.nsf/HTML/0E 5A87A7C8BCCC90C12570E00040301E) Chemcolloids Ltd. Tunstall Rd., Bosley, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK11 0PE, UK (Tel: 44 1260 223284; FAX: 44 1260 223589; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemcolloids.com) Chemcor 48 Leone Lane, Chester, NY, 10918, USA (Tel: 845-469-5800; 888-243-6267; FAX: 845-469-5855) ChemDesign Corp. A Bayer Company, 310 Authority Dr., Castine, ME, 04420, USA (Tel: 978-345-9999; FAX: 978-342-9769; Internet: http://www.bayerus.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Chemetall Chemetall GmbH, Trakehner Strasse 3, 60487 Frankfurt Main, Germany (Tel: 49 69 7165 0; FAX: 49 69 7165 3018; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemetall.com) Chemetall S.A., Boîte Postale 310 51, rue Pierre, F-92111 Clichy, France (Tel: 33 1 47 15 38 12; FAX: 33 147374660) Chemetall Chemical Products, Inc., 675 Central Avenue, New Providence, NJ, 07974, USA (Tel: 908-665-9466; 800-6548059; FAX: 908-666-8543; Internet: http://www.chemetall.com) Chemetall Foote Corp., 348 Holiday Inn Drive, Kings Mountain, NC, 28086, USA (Tel: 704-734-2682; FAX: 704-734-2718; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemetalllithium.com/) Chemetall Japan K.K., 1-7-10, Kanda Surugadai, YK Surugadai Bldg., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3259 2061; FAX: 81 3 3259 2065; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemetall.co.jp/) Chemetall Oakite Canada, 115 East Dr., Bramalea, Ontario, L6T 1B7, Canada (Tel: 905-791-1628; FAX: 905-791-1527; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemetalloakite.com/) Chemetall do Brazil, Av. Fagundes de Oliveira, 190-Piraporinha, 09950 907, Diadema, SP, Brazil (Tel: 55-11-4066-8800; FAX: 55-11-4066-1682; E-mail: [email protected]) Chemial Chemial SpA, Via Abate Bertone n. 10, Comprensorio Industriale, 13881 CAVAGLIA' (BI), Italy (Tel: 39-0161996611; FAX: 39 0161 99.66.33; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemial.com) Chemial Group, Via Abate Bertone, 10, 13881 CAVAGLIA’ (BI), Italy (Tel: 39 0161 99.66.11; FAX: 39 0161 99.66.33; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemial.com) The Chemical Co. PO Box 436, 19 Narragansett Ave, Jamestown, RI, 02835-0436, USA (Tel: 401423-3100; FAX: 401-423-3102; E-mail: 2677

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.thechemco.com) Chemical Distributors, Inc. 2727 NW Industrial, PO Box 10763, Portland, OR, 97210, USA (Tel: 503-243-1082; FAX: 503-243-1162; Internet: http://www.cdipdx.com/) Chemical Incorporated 12321 Hatcherville Rd, Baytown, TX, 77520, USA (Tel: 281-576-5000; FAX: 281-5765712; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemicalsinc.com) Chemical Products Corp. 102 Old Mill Rd., PO Box 2470, Cartersville, GA, 30120-1692, USA (Tel: 770-382-2144; FAX: 770-386-6053; Internet: http://www.cpc-us.com/) Chem-Impex International, Inc. 935 Dillon Dr., Wood Dale, IL, 61091, USA (Tel: 630-766-2112; 800-869-9290; FAX: 630-766-2218; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemimpex.com) Chemisphere Corp. 2101 Clifton Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63139, USA (Tel: 314-644-1300; 800-844-1301; FAX: 314-644-1425; Internet: http://www.chemispherecorp.com) Chemisphere Ltd. Sutton House,, Capenhurst Technology Park, Capenhurst, Chester, Cheshire, CH1 6EH, UK (Tel: 44 151 348 2010; FAX: 44 151 348 2011; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemisphere.co.uk) Chem-Materials Co., Inc. 16600 Sprague Rd., Cleveland, OH, 441306318, USA (Tel: 440-243-5590; 800-5850808; FAX: 440-243-1940; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chem-materials.com) Chemol Company, Inc. 2300 Randolph Ave., Greensboro, NC, 27416, USA (Tel: 336-333-3050) Chem One Ltd. 8017 Pinemont Dr. #100, Houston, TX, 770406519, USA (Tel: 713-896-9966; FAX: 713896-7540; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemone.com) Chemos GmbH Werner von Siemens Str. 3, D-93128 Regenstauf, Germany (Tel: 49 9402 9336 0; FAX: 49 9402 9336 13; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemos-group.com) Chemplex Chemicals, Inc. Crossroads Corporate Center, 1 International Blvd., Suite 400, Mahwah, NJ, 07495-0400, USA (Tel: 201-512-8788; FAX: 845-6344920; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemplexchemicals.com) Chempri Oleochemicals Ottergeerde 30, 4941 VM Raamsdonksveer, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 162 515 550; FAX: 31 162 521 594; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chempri.com) ChemPur Feinchemikalien und Forschungsbedarf GmbH Postfach 41 04 50, Rüppurrer Str. 92, D-76137 Karlsruhe, Germany (Tel: 49 721 933 81 40; FAX: 49 721 47 20 01; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ChemPur.de) Chemron Corp. Noveon Personal Care and Pharmaceuticals, PO Box 2299, Paso Robles, CA, 93447, USA (Tel: 805-239-1550; 800-423-1148; FAX: 805-239-8551; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemron.com) ChemSampCo 40 Enterprise Ave., Trenton, NJ, 08638, USA (Tel: 609-656-2440; FAX: 609-656-2446; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemsampco.com) ChemService, Inc. 660 Tower Lane, PO Box 599, West Chester, PA, 19381-0599, USA (Tel: 610-692-3026; 800-452-9994; FAX: 610-692-8729; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemservice.com) Chemstar Products Co. 3915 Hiawatha Ave., Minneapolis, MN, 554063203, USA (Tel: 612-722-0079; 800-3285037; FAX: 612-722-2473; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemstar.com) Chem-Supply Pty. Ltd. PO Box 201, Port Adelaide, SA, 5015, Australia (Tel: 61 8 8440 2000; FAX: 61 8 8440 2001; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemsupply.com.au) 2678

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Chem-Tex Laboratories Inc. P.O. Box 5228, Concord, NC, 28027, USA (Tel: 704-392-9322; FAX: 704-792-1417; Internet: http://www.chemtexlaboratories.com) Chemtex International, Inc. 2800 Skymark Avenue, Suite 305, Mississauga, ON, L4W 5A6, Canada (Tel: 905-212-9949; FAX: 905-212-7776; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chemtexinternational.com) Chemtura Chemtura Corp., 199 Benson Rd., Middlebury, CT, 06749, USA (Tel: 203-5732900; 800-336-9312; Internet: http://www.chemtura.com) Great Lakes Chemical Corp., A Chemtura Company, PO Box 2200, One Great Lakes Blvd., W. Lafayette, IN, 47906-0200, USA (Tel: 765-497-6100; FAX: 765-497-5901; Internet: http://www.chemtura.com/corporate/v/ind ex.jsp?vgnextoid=2a497e765e59b010Vgn VCM10000052d7010aRCRD&vgn) Chemtura Corp./Olefins & Styrenics, 471 Highway 3142, Taft, LA, 70057, USA (Tel: 985-783-6201; 877-948-2660) Chemtura/Rubber Chemicals, 199 Benson Road, PO Box 846, Middlebury, CT, 06749, USA (Tel: 203-573-2000; FAX: 203-5732489; Internet: http://www.cromptoncorp.com) Chemtura Corp./Plastic Additives, 471 Highway 3142, Hahnville, LA, 70057, USA (Tel: 877-384-8131) Crompton Ltda., A Chemtura Co., Av. Juscelino Kubitscheck, 1830, 10° Andar Torre 1, Sao Paulo - SP - CEP 04543 900, Brazil (Tel: 55-11-3896-1500) Chemtura Europe Ltd., A Chemtura Co., Kennet House, 4 Langley Quay, Waterside Drive, Slough, Berkshire, SL3 6EH, UK (Tel: 44 1753 603005; FAX: 44 1753 603078) Chemtura Europe GmbH, Bahnhofplatz 6569, CH-8500 Frauenfeld, Switzerland (Tel: 41 52 723 44 00; E-mail: [email protected]) Chemtura Italy S.r.l., Via Pico Della Mirandola 8, Latina Scalo, 04013, Italy (Tel: 39 773 6151; FAX: 39 773 615334) Chemtura Japan Limited, Shimbashi Sy Bldg, 4F, 1-14-2, Nishi-Shimbashi, MinatoHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ku, Tokyo, 105-0003, Japan (Tel: 81-3-5510 7000) Chesham Chemicals Ltd. Cunningham House, Westfield Lane, Harrow, Middlesex, HA3 9ED, UK (Tel: 44 20 8907 7779; FAX: 44 20 8927 0686; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cheshamchemicals.co.uk) Chevron Chevron Corp., 6001 Bollinger Canyon Rd., San Ramon, CA, 94583, USA (Tel: 925-8421000; Internet: http://www.chevron.com/) Texaco Products Inc., 6975-A Pacific Circle, Mississauga, Ontario, L5T 2H3, Canada (Tel: 905-670-6470; 800-465-2772; FAX: 905-670-6476; E-mail: [email protected]) Productos ChevronTexaco, S.A. de C.V., Blvd. Manuel Avila Camacho #36/20th Fl., Lomas de Chapultepec, Delegacion Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, 11000, Mexico (Tel: 52 5555209400; FAX: 52 5552022957) Chevron Brasil Ltda., Avenida Republica do Chile, 230 - 25º andar -, Rio de Janeiro Centro, 20031-170, Brazil (Tel: 55 21 2271 9102; FAX: 55 21 2240 9387; Internet: http://www.texaco.com.br) Chevron Global Lubricants, 43/45 The Promenade, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, GL50 1LE, UK (Tel: 44 1242 266700; FAX: 44 1242 266749; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chevronlubricants.com) Texaco Belgium]Texaco Belgium SPRL/BVBA, Ave. Arnaud Fraituer 25, B1050 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 639 9111; FAX: 32 2.639.9911) Chevron France SA, Parc Les Algorithmes Bâtiment Platon, 141-145, rue Michel Carre, F-95815 Argenteuil Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 34 34 13 73; FAX: 33 1 34 34 13 70; Email: [email protected]) Chevron Deutschland GmbH, Jungfernstieg 49, D-20534 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 350036 - 0; FAX: 40 350036 - 99; E-mail: [email protected]) Texaco Italiana SpA, Via Francesco Benaglia, 13, 00153 Rome RM, Italy (Tel: 39 06 583151; FAX: 39 06 58351222; E-mail: [email protected]) Chevron Phillips Chevron Phillips Chemical Co. LP, Joint venture with ChevronTexaco, 10001 Six 2679

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Pines Drive, The Woodlands, TX, 77380, USA (Tel: 832-813-4100; 800-231-1212; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cpchem.com) Chevron Phillips Chemicals International NV, 355 Brusselsesteenweg, B-3090 Overijse, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 689 1211; FAX: 32 2 689 1472) Saudi Chevron Phillips Co., P.O. Box 11221, Jubail, 31961, Saudi Arabia (Tel: 966-3-3581760; FAX: 966-3-358-3176) Chevron Phillips Chemical (China) Co. Ltd., East of Shizi Port Bridge, Zhangjiagang Free Trade Zone, Jiangsu Province, 215634, PR China (Tel: 86 520 838 6688; FAX: 86 520 838 6605) Chevron Phillips Singapore Chemicals (Private)Ltd., 500 Ayer Merbau Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 628286, Singapore (Tel: 65-6867-25-03; FAX: 656867-94-46) Chinessence Ltd. Ste. 701, 7/F, C/O, No. 6-8 Pottinger St., Central, HKSAR, China (Tel: 852 252 63853; FAX: 852 252 35541; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chinessence.com) Chisso Chisso Corp., Shin Otemachi Bldg 9F, 2-2-1, Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 104-8105, Japan (Tel: 81-3-3534-8900; FAX: 81-33534-9978; Internet: http://www.chisso.co.jp/english/) Chisso Petrochemical Corp., Subsid. of Chisso Corp., 8F, Tsukamoto-Daichiba Bldg., 2-3-1, Fujimi, Chuo-ku,, Chiba City, 260-0015, Japan (Tel: 81-43-225-6682; FAX: 81-43-225-7622; Internet: http://www.chissoeng.co.jp/ENGProfile.htm) Chisso America Inc., 1185 Ave of the Americas, 32nd Floor, New York, NY, 10036, USA (Tel: 212-302-0500; FAX: 212302-0643; E-mail: [email protected]) ChromaDex Inc. 10005 Muirlands Blvd., Suite G - First Floor, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA (Tel: 949-419-0288; FAX: 949-419-0294; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chromadex.com/)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Charles B. Chrystal Co. Inc. 30 Vesey St., New York, NY, 10007, USA (Tel: 212-227-2151; FAX: 212-233-7916; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cbchrystal.com) Chunking Chemical Corp. 26F-E, Xindadu Plaza, No.85, Changfu Street, Nanjing, 210002, P.R. China (Tel: 86 25 84293584; FAX: 86 25 84293450; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chunkingchem.com) Church & Dwight Co. Inc./Performance Prods. Group Box CN5297, 469 N. Harrison St., Princeton, NJ, 08543-5297, USA (Tel: 609-497-7113; 800-221-0453; FAX: 609-497-7176; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ahperformance.com) Ciba Specialty Chemicals Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc., Klybeckstrasse 141, 4002 Basel, Switzerland (Tel: 41 61 636 11 11; FAX: 41 61 636 12 12; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cibasc.com) Ciba Specialty Chemicals plc, Additives Div., Charter Way, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 2NX, UK (Tel: 44 1625 617878; FAX: 44 1625 888701; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cibasc.com) Ciba Specialty Chemicals, PO Box 38, Cleckheaton Rd, Low Moor, Bradford, BD12 0JZ, UK (Tel: 44 1274 417000; FAX: 44 1274 606499; E-mail: [email protected]) Ciba Spécialités Chimiques SA, Quai Louis Aulagne, P.O. Box 47, F-69191 Saint-Fons Cedex, F-92407, France (Tel: 33 4 72 21 26 26; FAX: 33 4 72 21 26 27; E-mail: [email protected]) Ciba Specialty Chemicals Sweden AB, Reningsverksgatan 6, S-421 47 Västra Frölunda, Sweden (Tel: 46 31 892300; FAX: 46 31 892350; E-mail: [email protected]) Ciba Specialty Chemicals S.p.A., Via Pila 6/3, 40044 Sasso Marconi (BO), Italy (Tel: 39 51 6786.111; FAX: 39 51 845516; Email: [email protected]) Ciba Specialitatenchemie GmbH , Postfach 76, Oberer Achdamm 50, AT-6971 Hard, Austria (Tel: 43 5574 6746-16; FAX: 43

2680

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 5574 6746-36; E-mail: [email protected]) Ciba Specialty Chemicals N.V., Noordkustlaan 18, 1702 Groot-Bijgaarden, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 467 0611; FAX: 32 2 4670774) Ciba Specialty Chemicals A/S Denmark, Smedevangen 5, Vassingerod, 3540 Lynge, Denmark (Tel: 46-31-89 23 00; FAX: 46-3189 23 50; E-mail: [email protected]) Ciba Specialty Chemicals Oy, P.O. Box 250, FI-21201 Raisio, Finland (Tel: 358 20 721 5000; FAX: 358 20 721 5010) Ciba Especialidades Quimicas S.L., Balmes, 117, 08008 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 404 03 88; FAX: 34 93 404 03 91; E-mail: [email protected]) Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp./Plastic Additives, 540 White Plains Rd., PO Box 2005, Tarrytown, NY, 10591-9005, USA (Tel: 914-785-2000; 800-431-1900; FAX: 914-785-4261; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cibasc.com) Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp./Water & Paper Treatment, 2301 Wilroy Rd., PO Box 820, Suffolk, VA, 23434, USA (Tel: 757-5383700; FAX: 757-538-0204; E-mail: [email protected]) Ciba Specialty Chemicals Canada, Inc., 2626 Argentia Road, Mississauga, Ontario, L5N 5N2, Canada (Tel: 905-812 7280; 888371-2422; FAX: 905-821-8466; E-mail: [email protected]) Ciba Especialidades Químicas México S.A. de C.V., Av. de los Insurgentes No. 3579, Torre 3, Piso, Colonia Tlalpan La Joya , Delegación Tlalpan, 14000 Mexico D.F., 04850, Mexico (Tel: 52 55 55 28 93 00; FAX: 52 55 55 28 95 51; E-mail: [email protected]) Ciba Specialty Chemicals Pty. Ltd., PO Box 332, 235 Settlement Rd., Thomastown, Victoria, 3074, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9282 06 00; FAX: 61 3 9465 90 70) Ciba Specialty Chemicals K.K., 34F World Trade Center Bldg.,, 2-4-1 Hamamatsucho,, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-6134, Japan (Tel: 81 03-5403-8222) Ciba Specialty Chemicals (China) Ltd., 16/F Golden Land Bldg., No. 32 Liang Ma Bridge Rd., Beijing, 100016, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 6464 37 00; FAX: 86 10 6464 37 43) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cimbar Performance Minerals 25 Old River Rd. S.E., PO Box 250, Cartersville, GA, 30120, USA (Tel: 770-3870319; 800-852-6868; FAX: 770-607-3799; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cimbar.com) CITGO CITGO Petroleum Corp., 1 Warren Place, 6100 S. Yale Ave., Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA (Tel: 918-495-4000; 800-331-5483; Internet: http://www.citgo.com/home.jsp) CITGO, 1293 Eldridge Parkway, Houston, TX, 77210-4689, USA (Tel: 800-447-4572; FAX: 800-545-2073; E-mail: [email protected].; Internet: http://www.citgo.com/home.jsp) Citrus and Allied Essences, Ltd. 3000 Marcus Ave., Ste. 3E11, Lake Success, NY, 11042, USA (Tel: 516-354-1200; FAX: 516-354-1262; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.citrusandallied.com) City Chemical LLC 139 Allings Crossing Rd., West Haven, CT, 06516, (Tel: 203-932-2489; 800-248-2436; FAX: 203-937-8400; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.citychemical.com) Clariant Clariant Corp., 4000 Monroe Rd., Charlotte, NC, 28205, USA (Tel: 704-331-7000; 800631-6313; FAX: 704-377-1063; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.clariant.com; http://www.clariant-northamerica.com) Clariant Corp./Functional Chemicals, 625 East Catawba Avenue, Mount Holly (West), NC, 28120, USA (Tel: 704-822 2531; FAX: 704-822-2193; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fun.clariant.com) Clariant LSM (Florida) Inc., Gainesville, FL, 32602, USA (Tel: 352 376 82 46; FAX: 352 371 62 46) Clariant UK Ltd., Calverley Lane, Horsforth, Leeds, W. Yorkshire, LS18 4RP, UK (Tel: 44 113 2584 646; FAX: 44 113 2398 381; Internet: http://www.clariant.co.uk) Clariant Benelux NV/SA, Diemerhof 36, 1211 XN Diemen, The Netherlands (E-mail: ; Internet: http://www.clariant.nl) Clariant Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH, Am Unisys Park 1, 65843 Sulzbach, Germany (Tel: 49 6 196 757 77 75; Internet: http://www.clariant.de) 2681

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Clariant (France) SA, 70, Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 92800 Puteaux, France (Tel: 33 1 46 96 96 00; FAX: 33 1 46 96 96 01; Internet: http://www.clariant.fr) Clariant Italia, Via A. Manzoni, 37, 20030 Palazzolo Milanese (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 02 9918 1; FAX: 39 0 299 188 909; Internet: http://www.clariant.it) V.L. Clark Chemical Co., Inc. 60 Hiline Dr., PO Box 87, Union, MO, 63084, USA (Tel: 636-583-4304; 888-VLC-CHEM; FAX: 636-583-5218; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vlclark.com) W.A. Cleary Products 1049 Route 27, PO Box 10, Somerset, NJ, 08875-0100, USA (Tel: 732-247-8000; 800238-7813; FAX: 732-247-6977; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.waclearyproducts.com) Clofine Dairy & Food Products Inc. PO Box 335, 1407 New Rd., Linwood, NJ, 08221, USA (Tel: 609-653-1000; 800-4411001; FAX: 609-653-0127; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.clofinedairy.com) CMS Chemicals Limited 9 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4RR, UK (Tel: 44 1235 831160; FAX: 44 1235 831161; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cmschemicals.com) Cognis Cognis Deutschland GmbH & Co.KG, Postfach 130164, 40551 Dusseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 7940 0; FAX: 49 211 798 4008; Internet: http://www.cognis.de) Cognis GmbH Care Chemicals, Henkelstrasse 67, 40589 Düsseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 7940 5393; FAX: 49 211 2006 15393; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cognis.com) Cognis UK Ltd., Charleston Road, Hardley, Hythe Southampton, Hampshire, SO45 3ZG, UK (Tel: 44 02380 894666; FAX: 444 02830 243113; Internet: http://www.cognis.com) Cognis France, 185 Av. de Fontainebleau, Boite Postale 4, 77981 St.Fargeau Ponthierry-Cedex, France (Tel: 33 160 65 2100; FAX: 33-1-6065-2102) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cognis S.p.A., Via Scalabrini, 34, 22073 Fino Mornasco (CO), Italy (Tel: 39 031 884 111; FAX: 39 031 884 301) Cognis/Care Chemicals, 300 Brookside Ave., Ambler, PA, 19002, USA (Tel: 215-6281000; 800-336-6775; FAX: 215-628-1200) Cognis/Chemicals Group, 5051 Estecreek Rd., Cincinnati, OH, 45232-1446, USA (Tel: 513-482-3000; 800-254-1029; FAX: 513482-5503; Internet: http://www.cognisus.com) Cognis/Nutrition and Health, 5325 South Ninth Ave., LaGrange, IL, 60525-3602, USA (Tel: 708-579-6150; 800-328-6199; FAX: 708-579-6152; E-mail: [email protected]) Cognis Canada Ltd., 2290 Argentia Rd., Mississauga, Ontario, L5N 6H9, Canada (Tel: 905-542-7550; FAX: 905-542-7566) Cognis Brasil Ltda., Av. Das Nacoes Unidas, 10.989 - 4º andar, Sao Paulo SP, 04578000, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 2133-2540; FAX: 55 11 2133-2526; E-mail: [email protected]) Cognis South Africa (Pty) Ltd., G M Archache Building, 102 Loper Avenue, Aeroport Spartan, Gauteng, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 2711-974-2459; FAX: 2711-9742547) Cognis Australia (Pty) Ltd., 4 Saligna Drive, Tullamarine, 3043, Australia (Tel: 61 2 974 84222; FAX: 61 2 974 83863) Cognis Japan Ltd., 14F Sphere Tower Tennoze, 2-2-8 Hinashi-Shinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-0002, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5769 6440; FAX: 81 3 5769 6439) Cognis Korea Ltd., 7 Fl. Kangnam Metro Building. 1339-9, Seocho-dong, Seocho-Ku Seoul, 137-860, Korea (Tel: 82-2-34897600; FAX: 82-2-3489-7603) Cognis Taiwan Ltd., 16th Fl., 3 Min Shen Rd., Sec. 1, Pan Chiao, Cheng Loong Plaza, Taipei Hsien, 220, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 8862-29581788; FAX: 886-2-29586200) Cognis Performance Chemicals UK Ltd., Div. of Cognis, Charleston Ind. Estate, Hardley, Hythe, Southampton, SO45 3ZG, UK (Tel: 44 2380 894666; FAX: 44 234113; Internet: http://www.cognis.com) CoKEM Associates, Inc. PO Box 1338, Mountainside, NJ, 07092-1338, USA (Tel: 908-654-5550; FAX: 908-6545552; E-mail: [email protected]) 2682

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Colloides Naturels Colloides Naturels International (CNI), 129, chemin de Croisset, BP 4151, 76723 Rouen Cedex, France (Tel: 33 2 32 83 18 18; FAX: 33 2 32 83 19 19; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cniworld.com) Colloides Naturels UK Ltd., The Triangle Business Centre, Exchange Square, Manchester, M4 3TR, UK (Tel: 44 161 838 5744; FAX: 44 161 838 5746; E-mail: [email protected]) Colloides Naturels International GmbH, Walter-Kolb-Str. 9-11, D-60594 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (Tel: 49 69 96 21 76 18; FAX: 49 69 96 21 76 20; E-mail: [email protected]) Colloides Naturels Inc., 1170 Route 22, Suite 204, Bridgewater, NJ, 08807, USA (Tel: 908-707-9400; 800-872-1850; FAX: 908707-9405; E-mail: [email protected]) Colloides Naturels de Mexico, SA de CV, 20, Calla Magdalena, Col. del Valle, 03100, Mexico (Tel: 52 5 536 83 83; FAX: 52 5 543 41 45; E-mail: [email protected]) Colloides Naturels, Brasil Comercial Ltda., Av. Pompeia, 2289, Sumarezinho, CEP 0523 001 Sao Paulo, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 3862 2028; FAX: 55 11 3862 2028; E-mail: [email protected]) Colonial Chemical, Inc. 225 Colonial Dr., South Pittsburg, TN, 37380, USA (Tel: 423-837-8800; 800-830-2436; FAX: 423-837-3888; 888-624-3642; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.colonialchem.com) Colonial Metals, Inc. Triumph Ind. Complex, PO Box 726, Elkton, MD, 21921, USA (Tel: 410-398-7200; 800962-1537; FAX: 410-398-2918; Internet: http://www.colonialmetals.com) Colony Industries, Inc. 226 Seventh St., Garden City, Holtsville, NY, 11530, USA (Tel: 800-433-4102; FAX: 516294-4575) Colorcon Colorcon, Div. of Berwind Pharmaceutical Services, Inc., 415 Moyer Blvd., West Point, PA, 19486, USA (Tel: 215-699-7733; FAX: 215-661-2626; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.colorcon.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Colorcon P.R., Inc., State Road #3, 76.9, Humacao Industrial Park, Humacao, PR, 00791, USA (Tel: 787-852-3815; FAX: 787852-0030) Colorcon Limited, Flagship House, Victory Way, Crossways, Dartford, Kent, DA2 6QD, UK (Tel: 44 1322 293000; FAX: 44 1322 627200; E-mail: [email protected]) Colorcon GmbH, Buchwiese 18, 65510 Idstein, Germany (Tel: 49 6126 9961 0; FAX: 49 6126 9961 11) Colorcon s.a.r.l., Bureaux de la Jonchère, 6270 rue Yvan Tourgueneff, 78380 Bougival, France (Tel: 33 1 30 82 15 82; FAX: 33 1 30 82 78 79) Colorcon S.r.l., Via Pegoraro 2/4, 21013 Gallarte (VA), Italy (Tel: 39 0331 776932; FAX: 39 0331 776831) Colorcon Iberica SL, Fedanci 8-10, 08190 Sant Cugat (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 9 3589 3756; FAX: 34 9 3589 3792) Colorcon Asia Pvt. Ltd., Plot Nos. M14 M18, Verna Industrial Estate, Verna, Goa, 403 722, India (Tel: 91-832-2883434; FAX: 91-832-2883440) Colorcon (Japan) Ltd., 2441-5 Nishiyama, Shibakawa-cho, Fuji-gun, Shizuoka, 419 0313, Japan (Tel: 81 5 4465 2711; FAX: 81 5 4465 2730) Colorcon Asia Pacific, 51 Merchant Rd #0305, Merchant Square, Singapore, 058283, Singapore (Tel: 65 438 0318; FAX: 65 438 0178; E-mail: [email protected]) Shanghai Colorcon Coating Technology Ltd., No. 688 Chundong Rd., Shanghai Xinzhuang Industry Zone, Minhang Shanghai, 201108, P.R. China (Tel: 86-215442-2222; FAX: 86-21-5442-2229) Columbian Chemicals Columbian Chemicals Co., Worldwide Headquarters, A Phelps Dodge Industries Co., 1800 West Oak Comons Ct., Marietta, GA, 30062-2253, USA (Tel: 770-792-9400; 800-235-4003; FAX: 770-792-9625; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.columbianchemicals.com) Columbian Chemicals Canada, Ltd., PO Box 3398, Station C, 755 Parkdale Ave. North, Hamilton, Ontario, L8H 7M2, Canada (Tel: 905-544-3343; FAX: 905-544-8641) Sevalco, Ltd. representing Columbian Chemicals UK, Severn Road, Chittening, 2683

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Bristol, BS11 OYL, UK (Tel: 44 1179235532; FAX: 44 117-9235333; Internet: http://www.columbianchemicals.com) Columbian Chemicals Brasil, Ltda, Centro Empresarial Água Branca, Av. Francisco Matarazzo, 1400-8oandar, São Paulo SP CEP: 05001-400, Brazil (Tel: 55.11.34573766; FAX: 55.11.3457-3724) Columbian Chemicals Europa GmbH, Podbielskistr. 160, D 30179 Hannover,, Germany (Tel: 49 511-630.890; FAX: 49 511-630.8912) Columbian Carbon Japan, Ltd., 8-4 Nihonbashi Horidomecho 2 chome, Chuoku, Tokyo, 103-0012, Japan (Tel: 81 3 36632881; FAX: 81 3-3667-1569) Columbus Chemical Industries, Inc. N4335 Temkin Rd., PO Box 8, Columbus, WI, 53925-0008, USA (Tel: 920-623-2140; 888265-2436; FAX: 920-623-2577; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.columbuschemical.com) Columbus Foods Co. 730 N. Albany Ave., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA (Tel: 773-265-6500; 800-322-6457; FAX: 773-265-6985; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.columbusfoods.com) Cometals Inc. Subsid. of Commercial Metals Co., 2050 Center Ave.,, Suite 250, Ft. Lee, NJ, 07024, USA (Tel: 201-302-0888; FAX: 201-3029911) Complex Quimica S.A. de C.V. Guillermo Barroso #20, Fraccionamiento Industrial las Armas Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, 54080, Mexico (Tel: (52-55) 53945104; FAX: (52-55) 5383-2059; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.complexquimica.com) Composition Materials Co., Inc. 125 Old Gate Lane, Milford, CT, 06460, USA (Tel: 203-874-6500; 800-262-7763; FAX: 203-874-6505; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://compomat.com/home.asp) Concord Chemical Co. Inc. 1700 Federal St., Camden, NJ, 08105, USA (Tel: 856-966-1526; 800-282-2436; FAX: 856-963-0246; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.concordchemical.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Confoco Confoco, B. Moreno 1119 y Nueve de Octubre, Guayaquil, Ecuador (Tel: 593 4 2 566527; FAX: 593 4 2 561541; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.confoco.com) Confoco USA Inc., 1139 E. Jersey St., Suite 415, Elizabeth, NJ, 07201, USA (Tel: 908659-0566; FAX: 908-659-9339; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.confoco.com) Confoco (UK) Ltd., Duncan House, High St., Ripley, Surrey, GU23 6AY, UK (Tel: 44 1483 211288; FAX: 44 1483 211388) A&E Connock (Perfumery & Cosmetics) Ltd. Alderholt Mill House, Fordingbridge, Hampshire, SP6 1PU, UK (Tel: 44 1425 653367; FAX: 44 1425 656041; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.connock.co.uk) Continental Carbon Co. 16850 Park Row, Houston, TX, 77084, USA (Tel: 281-647-3831; FAX: 281-647-3707; Internet: http://www.continentalcarbon.com) Continental Carbonic Products, Inc. 3985 E. Harrison Ave., Decatur, IL, 62526, USA (Tel: 217-428-2068; 800-DRY-ICE2; FAX: 217-424-2325; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.continentalcarbonic.com/) Continental Industries Group Inc. (CIG) 245 E. 58th St., 25th Fl., New York, NY, 10022, USA (Tel: 212-752-2020; FAX: 212821-0020; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cigusa.com) Contract Chemicals Ltd. Penrhyn Road, Knowsley Business Park, Prescot, Merseyside, L34 9HY, UK (Tel: 44 151 548 8840; FAX: 44 151 548 6548; Internet: http://www.contractchemicals.com) Cooke Aromatics Pty. Ltd. 69/47 Neridah Street, PO Box 182, Chatswood, NSW, 2067, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9419 4622; FAX: 61 2 9419 5377; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cookearomatics.com.au) Cooper Chemical Co. 20 Parker Rd., Long Valley, NJ, 07853, USA (Tel: 908-876-3231; FAX: 908-876-3857; Email: [email protected]; 2684

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Internet: http://www.cooperchemical.com/) F.D. Copeland & Sons Ltd. Colanol House, 5 Westfield St., Woolwich, London, SE18 5TL, UK (Tel: 44 870 460 8101; FAX: 44 870 460 8102; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.copelandoil.co.uk) Cornelius Chemical Co. Ltd. Cornelius House, Woodside, Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, CM23 5RG, UK (Tel: 44 1279 714300; FAX: 44 1279 714320; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cornelius.co.uk) Corn Products U.S., Inc. Unit of CPC Int'l., 5 Westbrook Corporate Center, Westchester, IL, 60154, USA (Tel: 708-551-2600; 800-443-2746; FAX: 708551-2700; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cornproductsUS.com) Corn Products Specialty Ingredients 321 Cherry Lane, New Castle, DE, 19720, USA (Tel: 877-567-8501; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cornproductsus.com/cps/) Cosmetic Supplies USA, Inc. PO Box 2320, Windermere, FL, 34747, USA (Tel: 407-876-2440; 877-9-COS-USA; Internet: http://www.cosmeticsuppliesusa.com) Cosmetochem International Ltd. Sennweidstrasse 44/46, 6312 Steinhausen/Zug, Switzerland (Tel: 41 41 748 3333; FAX: 41 41 748 3344; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cosmetochem.com/) Cosucra S.A. Rue dela Sucrerie, 1, 7740 Warcoing, Belgium (Tel: 32 69 44 66 00; FAX: 32 69 44 66 22; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cosucra.com) Coyne Chemical Co., Inc., George S. 3015 State Rd., Croydon, PA, 19021-6997, USA (Tel: 215-785-3000; FAX: 215-7851585; Internet: http://www.coynechemical.com) CPB International, Inc. 3 Golden Slipper Rd., Bartonsville, PA, 18321, USA (Tel: 570-629-0700; 888-539-9781; FAX: 570-629-2100; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.cpbweb.com) CPI Chemicals Franz Josefs Kai 31/19, A-1010 Vienna, Austria (Tel: 43 1 535 2612 15; FAX: 43 535 26 12 12; Internet: http://www.cpichem.com) CP Kelco CP Kelco U.S., Inc., 123 North Wacker Dr,, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL, 60606, USA (Tel: 312-554-7800; 800-535 2687; FAX: 312-554 7810; Internet: http://www.cpkelco.com) CP Kelco U.S., Inc., 8355 Aero Dr., San Diego, CA, 92123, USA (Tel: 858-292-4900; 800-535-2656; FAX: 858-292-4901) CP Kelco Mexico, Montecito # 38 Piso 31 Oficina 12, Col. Nápoles, C.P. 03810, Mexico, D.F., Mexico (Tel: 52 (55) 90-00-5233; FAX: 52 (55) 90-00-52-36) CP Kelco Limeira S.A., Rua Teixeira Marques, 845 Caixa Postal 21, Chácara São José, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil (Tel: 55 019 3404 4600; FAX: 55 019 3404 4639) CP Kelco ApS, Div. of CP Kelco Inc., Ved Banen 16, 4623 Lille Skensved, Denmark (Tel: 45 56 165 616; FAX: 45 56 169 446; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cpkelco.com) CP Kelco UK Limited, Cleeve Court, Cleeve Rd., Leatherhead, Surrey, KT22 7UD, UK (Tel: 44 1372 369 400; FAX: 44 1372 369 401) CP Kelco Germany GmbH, Neuer Wall 63, 20354 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 37 49 92 0; FAX: 49 40 36 57 47) CP Kelco France SARL, Tour Neptune, 20 place de Seine, 92086 Paris La Defense Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 49 03 78 00; FAX: 33 1 49 03 78 29) CP Kelco Belgium B.V.B.A., Industriezone Ravenshout 7.301, Industrieweg 150, 3583 Beringen, Belgium (Tel: 32 1145 8656; FAX: 32 1142 0361) CP Kelco Japan ApS, Izumi Kamiyacho Bldg., 8-1, Higashi-Azabu 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 106-00445, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3560 7313; FAX: 81 33 560 7316) CP Kelco Singapore Pte. Ltd., 151 Lorong Chuan, #06-07 New Tech Park, Singapore, 556741, Singapore (Tel: 65 6491 9100; FAX: 65 6491 9101)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory CP PhibroChem Div. Philipp Brothers Chemicals, Inc., 65 Challenger Road, 3rd flr., Ridgefield Park, NJ, 07660, USA (Tel: 201-329-7300; FAX: 201-329-7034; Internet: http://www.phibrochem.com) C & P Sales Inc. 4917 Clearview Dr., PO Box 781, Williamsville, NY, 14221, USA (Tel: 716-634-3061; FAX: 716-631-5180; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.candpsales.com) CPS Union Corp. PO Box 827, New City, NY, 10956, USA (Tel: 914-639-6983; FAX: 914-639-9903; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tco.com/cpsunion/) Cray Valley Cray Valley SA, 12 Place de L'Iris, La Defense 2, F92062 Paris La Defense Cedex, France (Tel: 33 6 7531 8102; FAX: 33 2 4172 7955; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.crayvallac.com) Cray Valley Italia srl, Via Finghe, 2, 42022 Boretto (Re), Italy (Tel: 39 02 98 85 90 52; FAX: 39 02 98 85 90 52; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.crayvalley.com) Cray Valley Italia srl, Via Finghe, 2, 42022 Boretto (Re), Italy (Tel: 39 02 98 85 90 52; E-mail: [email protected]) Creative Fragrances Ltd. 10850 Sanden Drive, Dallas, TX, 75238, USA (Tel: 214-341-3666; 866.593.2203; FAX: 214-341-1423; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.creativefragrances.com) Peter Cremer North America, LP (PCNA) 3117 Southside Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45204, USA (Tel: 513-471-7200; 877-901-7262; FAX: 513-244-7775) Crespel & Deiters GmbH Groner Allee 76, 49479 Ibbenburen, Germany (Tel: 49 5451 5000-0; FAX: 49 5451 5000300; Internet: http://www.crespeldeiters.de) CR Minerals Corp. Part of G.R. O'Shea Company, P.O. Box 4305, Santa Fe, NM, 87502, USA (Tel: 505-4719132; FAX: 505-438-0906; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.crminerals.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Croda Croda Chemicals Europe Ltd., Div. of Croda International plc, Cowick Hall, Snaith Goole, East Yorkshire, DN14 9AA, UK (Tel: 44 1405 860 551; FAX: 44 1405 860 205; Internet: http://www.croda.co.uk) Croda Colloids Ltd., Foundry Lane, Ditton Widnes, Cheshire, WA8 8UB, UK (Tel: 44 151 423 3441; FAX: 44 151 423 3205; Internet: http://www.croda-colloids.co.uk) Croda Food Services Ltd., Div. of Croda International plc, Falcon St., Oldham, Lancashire, OL8 1JU, UK (Tel: 44 161 652 6311; FAX: 44 161 627 2346; Internet: http://www.croda-foods.co.uk) Croda Chemicals Europe Ltd, Cowick Hall, Snaith Goole, Humberside, E. Yorkshire, DN14 9AA, UK (Tel: 44 1405 860551; FAX: 44 1405 860205) Croda Food Services (Ireland) Ltd , Sovereign Bldgs., Malahide Rd. Ind. Estate, Dublin, 17, Ireland (Tel: 3 53 1 847 4666; FAX: 3 53 1 847 4143) Croda GmbH, Herrenpfad Süd 33, 41307 Nettetal, Germany (Tel: 49 2157 81730; FAX: 49 2157 132350; Internet: http://www.croda.de) Croda Italiana SpA, Via Pietro Grocco, 917/19, 27036 Mortara (PV), Italy (Tel: 39 0384 205011; FAX: 39 038 4 91973) Croda France, Immoparc RN 10, BP 49, 78193 Trappes Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 30 13 94 30; FAX: 33 1 30 62 91 07) Croda Nordica AB, Krossverksgatan 5 C, SE216 16 Limhamn, Sweden (Tel: 46 40 368550; FAX: 46 40 150570) Croda Poland Sp.z.o.o., 31-131 Kraków, ul. Karmelicka 27/3, Poland (Tel: 48 12 331529; FAX: 48 12 634 3742) Croda Chemicals (SA) (Pty) Ltd., PO Box 1641, Kempton Park, Gauteng, 1620, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 11 397 2380; FAX: 27 11 397 2442) Croda Zimbabwe (Pvt) Ltd. , PO Box ST510, Southerton Harare, Zimbabwe (Tel: 263 46 62701; FAX: 263 46 62704) Croda Inc., 300-A Columbus Circle, Edison, NJ, 08837-3907, USA (Tel: 732 417 0800; FAX: 732 417 0804; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.croda.com; http://www.crodausa.com)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Croda Canada Ltd., 221A Racco Parkway, Vaughan, Ontario, L4J 8X9, Canada (Tel: 905-886-1383; FAX: 905-886-4753; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.croda.ca) Croda Argentina SA, Dardo Rocha 2924, (1640) Martínez, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54 11 4836 1010; FAX: 54 11 4836 2211) Croda do Brasil Ltda., Rua Croda, n°580 Distro Industrial, Cx Postal 1098, Campinas SP, 13001-970, Brazil (Tel: 55 19 37653500; FAX: 55 19 3765-3536; Internet: http://www.croda.com.br) Quimica Croda S.A. de C.V., Av. Lic. Juan Fernández, Albarran No. 34, Parque Industrial San Pablo, Xalpa, Tlalnepantla, C.P. 54090, Mexico (Tel: 52 55 5367-5760; FAX: 52 55 5367-5684) Croda Chemicals (India) Pvt Ltd, 501 Glacis Tower, Plot No. 391, Linking Road, Khar (W), Mumbai, 400 052, India (Tel: 91 22 2648 2733; FAX: 91 22 2648 2744) Croda Australia Pty. Ltd., Ground Floor, Suite A1, 44-46 Mandarin Street, Villawood, NSW, 2163, Australia (Tel: 61 1300 667 050; FAX: 61 1300 667 080) Croda Surfactants Australia, 23 McIlwraith Street, Wetherill Park, NSW, 2164, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9756 4400; FAX: 61 2 9756 4414; Internet: http://www.chem.croda.com.au) Croda Singapore Pte. Ltd., 30 Seraya Ave., Singapore, 627884, Singapore (Tel: 65 551 9600; FAX: 65 551 9550; Internet: http://www.croda.com.sg) Croda Japan K.K., 4-3 Hitotsubashi 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0003, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3263 8270; FAX: 81 3 3263 8277; Email: [email protected]) Croda Hong Kong, Branch of Croda Singapore Pte Ltd., Room 511; Chinachem Golden Plaza, 77 Mody Rd., TST East, Kowloon, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2559 3856; FAX: 852 2858 6047) Croda Singapore Pte Ltd./Shanghai Rep. Office, Suite 9002, Shanghai Novel Bldg., No. 887 Huahai Middle Rd., Shanghai, 200020, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 6445 3563; FAX: 86 21 6474 7540) CrossChem LP 121 Broadway Ste 319, San Diego, CA, 92101, USA (Tel: 619-578-0021; FAX: 619-

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

578-0022; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.crosschem.net) Crowley Crowley Chemical Co., 261 Madison Ave., New York, NY, 10016, USA (Tel: 212-6821200; FAX: 212-953-3487; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.crowleychemical.com) Crowley Tar Products Co., Inc., 261 Madison Ave., New York, NY, 10016, USA (Tel: 212682-1200; FAX: 212-953-3487; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.crowleychemical.com) Crucible Chemical Co. Inc. 10 Crucible Ct, Greenville, SC, 29605, USA (Tel: 864-277-1284; 800-845-8873; FAX: 864-299-1192) CTC Organics 792 Windsor St. SW, P.O. Box 6933, Atlanta, GA, 30315, USA (Tel: 404-524-6744; FAX: 404-577-1651) CU Chemie Uetikon GmbH Raiffeisenstrasse 4, PO Box 1248, 77933 Lahr, Germany (Tel: 49 7821 585 0; FAX: 49 7821 585 230; Internet: http://www.uetikon.com) Custom Ingredients, Inc. PO Box 772, 712 Wilson St., Chester, SC, 29706-0772, USA (Tel: 803-581-5800; 888227-7324; FAX: 803-581-5802; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.custoblend.com) Cyclodextrin Technologies Development Inc. 27317 NW 78th Avenue, High Springs, FL, 32643, USA (Tel: 386-454-0887; FAX: 386454-8134; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cyclodex.com) Cytec Industries Cytec Industries Inc., Five Garret Mountain Plaza, West Paterson, NJ, 07424-3360, USA (Tel: 973-357-3100; 800-652-6013; FAX: 973-357-3054; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cytec.com) Cytec Industries Inc./Polymer Additives Dept., 5 Garret Mountain Plz, West Paterson, NJ, 06904-0060, USA (Tel: 973357-3100; 800-527-9313; FAX: 973-3573088) Cytec do Brasil Ltda., Rua Cardoso de Mello 1450, 4º andar, 04548-005 - Via Olimpia, Sao Paulo SP, 04569-011, Brazil (Tel: 5511 2687

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 3048 8000; FAX: 5511 3048 8030; E-mail: [email protected]) Cytec Industries UK Ltd., Bowling Park Dr., Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD4 7TT, UK (Tel: 44 1274 73 3891; FAX: 44 1274 73 4770; Internet: http://www.cytec.com) Cytec Industries B.V., Botlekweg 175, 3197 KA Botlek-Rotterdam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 181 295 400; FAX: 31 181 295 401) Cytec Industries Italia s.r.l., Largo La Foppa 1, 20121 Milano, Italy (Tel: 39-02-63281608; FAX: 39-02-6328-1650) Nihon Cytec Ind. Inc., Torii Nihonbashi Bldg., 6th Fl., 3-4-1 Nihonbashi-Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3231 6071; FAX: 81 3 3231 6070) Cytec Industries Pte. Ltd., 89 Science Park Drive, #04-14 to 16 The Rutherford, Singapore Science Park I, 118261, Singapore (Tel: 65-6776-0600; FAX: 656776-0200) Cytec Taiwan Corp., 6F-1 380, Sec. 1, FuHsing South Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 2 705 3969; FAX: 886 2 705 3967) Cytec Australia Holdings Pty. Ltd., Suite 1, Level 1, Norwest Quay, 21 Solent Circuit, Baulkham Hills, NSW, 2153, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9846-6200; FAX: 61 2 9659-9776) Cytec Korea Inc., 5th Floor, KOSMO tower, 1002, Daechi-dong, Kangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea (Tel: 82 2 3452 7331; FAX: 82 2 3452 1202) Daicel Chemical Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., 2-18-1, Konan, Minato-ku,, Tokyo, 108-8230, Japan (Tel: 81 3 6711-8111; FAX: 81 3 6711-8100; Internet: http://www.daicel.co.jp) Daicel Chemical (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 20 Collyer Quay, Tung Centre #21-05, Singapore, 049319, Singapore (Tel: 65-6327-2038) Daicel (Hong Kong) Ltd., Suite 2103, 21F, CMG Asia Tower, The Gateway, Harbour City, Kowloon, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2730 2129) Daicel (Europa) GmbH, Mergenthalerallee 77, 65760 Eschborn, Germany (Tel: 49 6196 470-350) Daicel (USA) Inc., Subsid. of Diacel Chem. Industries, Ltd., One Parker Plaza, 9th Fl., 400 Kelby St., Fort Lee, NJ, 07024, USA (Tel: 201-461-4466; FAX: 201-461-2776; Email: [email protected]) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Daiichi Fine Chemicals Co. Ltd. 530 Chokeiji, Takaoka, Toysama, 933-8511, Japan (Tel: 81-766-21-3456; FAX: 81-76621-3792; Internet: https://www.daiichifcj.co.jp/eng/) Dai-ichi Karkaria Ltd. (DIK) Liberty Building, Sir Vithaldas Thackersey Marg, Mumbai, 400 020, India (Tel: 91 (22) 2201 5895; FAX: 91 (22) 2209 6976; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dai-ichiindia.com/) Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. (DKS) Kyoto Oike Dai-ichi Seimei Bldg. #rd. Floor, 435 Sasaya-cho, Oike-dori, Higashinotoin, Nishi-iru, Nakagyo-kuKyoto, 604-8873, Japan (Tel: 81 75 255 1136; FAX: 81 75 255 1109; Internet: http://www.dks-web.co.jp/) Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. 6-8 Dosho-Machi 2-Chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-0045, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6203 5321; Internet: http://www.dspharma.co.jp/english) Daito Chemical Industries, Ltd. Mitsui No. 2 Bldg., 4-4-20, Nihonbashi Hongoku-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0021, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3279 6431; FAX: 81 3 3231 0503; Internet: http://www.dcg.co.jp/english.html) Daiwa Chemical Co., Ltd. OG Corporation, 3-1-11, Kamishinjo, Higashiyodogawa-ku, Osaka, 533-0006, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6328 0500; FAX: 81 6 6328 2160; Internet: http://www.ogcorp.co.jp/en/group/daiwa. html) Dakota Gasification Co. 1600 East Interstate Avenue, PO Box 5540, Bismarck, ND, 58506-5540, USA (Tel: 701221-4411; FAX: 701- 221-4450; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dakotagas.com) Dallas Group of America 374 Route 22, PO Box 489, Whitehouse, NJ, 08888, USA (Tel: 908-534-7800; 800-3674188; FAX: 908-534-0084; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dallasgrp.com) DanChem Technologies, Inc. 1975 Old Richmond Rd., PO Box 400, Danville, VA, 24540, USA (Tel: 434-7978120; FAX: 434-799-2814; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.danchem.com) 2688

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Daniels Fine Chemicals Ltd. PO Box 436, Redwater, Alberta, T0A 2W0, Canada (Tel: 780-942-4999; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dfccan.com/) Danisco Danisco A/S, Langebrogade 1, PO Box 17, 1001 Copenhagen K, Denmark (Tel: 45 3266 2000; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.danisco.com) Danisco Cultor, Danisco A/S, Edwin Rahrs Vej 38, DK-8220 Brabrand, Denmark (Tel: 45 89 43 50 00; FAX: 45 89 25 10 77; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://ingredients.danisco.com) Danisco Cultor (UK) Ltd., Denington Rd., Wellingborough, Northants, NN8 2QJ, UK (Tel: 44 1933 304200; FAX: 44 1933 304224; E-mail: [email protected] m) Danisco Niebüll GmbH, Bosch-JohannsenStrasse 1, 25899 Niebüll, Germany (Tel: 49 4106 70 96 0; FAX: 49 4106 70 96 66; Email: [email protected]) Danisco Ingredients France S.A.R.L., 20 rue Brunel, F-75017 Paris, France (Tel: 33 1 56 60 47 00) Danisco USA, Inc., Four New Century Parkway, New Century, KS, 66031-0026, USA (Tel: 913-764-8100; 800-255-6837; FAX: 913-764-5407; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.danisco.com) Danisco USA, Inc., Div. of Danisco Ingredients, USA, 411 E. Gano, PO Box 470489, St. Louis, MO, 63147-3210, USA (Tel: 913-764-8100; 800-851-8100; E-mail: [email protected]) Danisco Canada Ltd., 230 Midwest Rd., Scarborough, Ontario, M1P 3A9, Canada (Tel: 416-757-4126; FAX: 416-757-9243) Danisco Mexicana, S.A. de C.V., Poniente 122 No. 627, Col. Industrial Vallejo, MEX02300, Mexico, D.F., Mexico (Tel: 52 55 5078-4400; E-mail: [email protected]) Danisco Brasil Ltda., Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 27,2, Cotia SP, 06700-000, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 4613 3800; FAX: 55 11 4612 1101; E-mail: [email protected])

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Danisco Functional Systems, Edwin Rahrs Vej 38, DK-8200 Brabrand, Denmark (Tel: 45 8943 5000; FAX: 45 8625 1077; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.danisco.com/functionalsyste ms) Danisco Sugar Arlöv, Sockerbruksgatan 4, Box 32, Arlöv, Sweden (Tel: 46 40 43 80 00; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.danisco.com) Danisco Sweeteners Ltd., Div. of Danisco Group, 41-51 Brighton Rd., Redhill, Surrey, RH1 6YS, UK (Tel: 44 1737 773732; FAX: 44 1737 773117; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.daniscosweeteners.com) Danisco Seillans, Div. of Danisco A/S, Route de la Parfumerie, 83440 Seillans, Fayence, France (Tel: 33 4 94 39 00 00; FAX: 33 4 94 39 00 79; Internet: http://www.danisco.com) Danisco Textural Ingredients, Langebrogade 1, P.O. Box 17, DK-1001 Copenhagen, Denmark (Tel: 45 3266 2000; FAX: 45 3266 2159) Danisco US Inc., Genencor Division, 200 Meridian Centre Blvd., Rochester, NewYork, USA (Tel: 518-256-5200; 800-847-5311; FAX: 518-256-6952; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.genencor.com) Genencor International Argentina, S.A., Div. of Danisco, Alicia Moreau de Justo 1750 Piso 2, G y H, Buenos Aires, C1107AFJ, Argentina (Tel: 54 11 5199 9550; FAX: 54 11 5199 9559) Genencor International BV, Div. of Danisco, P.O.Box 218, 2300 AE Leiden, The Netherlands (Tel: 31-71-5686-168; 31-715686-169) Genencor International Asia Pacific Pte Ltd., Div. of Danisco, 61 Science Park Rd., The Galen #06-16 East Wing; Singapore Science Park III, Singapore 117525, Singapore (Tel: 65 6511 5600; FAX: 65 6511 5666) Darwin Chemical Co. 600 N Pine Island Road, Plantation, FL, 33324-1311, USA (Tel: 954-315-0252; FAX: 954-315-0179; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.darwinchemical.com)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Dasico A/S Teglporten 2, 2. sal, Postbox 343, 3460 Birkerod, Denmark (Tel: 45 45 81 44 88; FAX: 45 45 81 23 40; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dasico.dk) Dastech Int'l. Inc. 10 Cutter Mill Rd., Great Neck, NY, 110213201, USA (Tel: 516-466-7676; FAX: 516466-7699; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dastech.com) Davidson Labs, Inc. PO Box 820, Davidson, NC, 28036, USA (Tel: 704-663-0893; FAX: 704-663-0555) G.R. Davis P.O. Box 123, 29-31 Princess St., Riverstone NSW 2765, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9627 4537; FAX: 61 2 9627 5468; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.grdavis.com.au/) Davos Chemical Corp. 600 East Crescent Avenue ·, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458, USA (Tel: 201.995.0070; FAX: 201.995.0071; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.davos.com) DC Chemical Co. Ltd. Oriental Chemical Bldg., 50 Sogong-dong, Jung-gu, Seoul, 100-718, Korea (Tel: 82-27279-500; FAX: 82 2 757 4111; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dcchem.co.kr/english/index.a sp) DCV Bionutritionals 3521 Silverside Rd., Wilmington, DE, 19810, USA (Tel: 302-695-5191; 800-641-2001; FAX: 302-695-5188) Deepwater Chemicals, Inc. Subsid. of Tomen America, 1210 Airpark Rd., Woodward, OK, 73801, USA (Tel: 580-2560500; 800-854-4064; FAX: 580-256-0575; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.deepwaterchemicals.com) Deerland Enzymes 3800 Cobb International Blvd., Kennesaw, GA, 30152, USA (Tel: 800-697-8179; FAX: 770919-1194; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.deerland-enzymes.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

DeForest Enterprises, Inc. Amtec Center, 6421 Congress Ave. #121, Boca Raton, FL, 33487, USA (Tel: 561-9949696; 800-388-2301; FAX: 561-994-9995; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.deforest.net) Degen Oil & Chemical Co. 200 Kellogg St., Jersey City, NJ, 07305, USA (Tel: 201-432-1192; FAX: 201-432-8483; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.degenoil.com) Degussa AG. See Evonik Degussa AG Jan Dekker Jan Dekker International BV, Plein 13 no. 1, 1521 AP Wormerveer, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 75 647 9999; FAX: 31 75 621 3883; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jandekker.com/) Jan Dekker (UK) Ltd./Food Div., Sunrise House, Hulley Road, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 2LP, UK (Tel: 44 1625 62 62 37; FAX: 44 1625 62 62 38; E-mail: [email protected]) Jan Dekker France S.A.R.L., 20 Quater, rue Schnapper, 78100 St. Germain en Laye Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 39 04 10 00; FAX: 33 1 39 04 10 20; E-mail: [email protected]) Jan Dekker (Deutschland) GmbH, ElisabethSelbert-Straße 4 a, 40764 Langenfield, Germany (Tel: 49 2173 90 41 10; FAX: 49 )2173 90 41 15; E-mail: [email protected]) J.W.S. Delavau Co. Inc. 10101 Roosevelt Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19154, USA (Tel: 215-671-1400; FAX: 215671-1401; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.delavau.com/) Delta Chemical Corp. 2601 Cannery Ave., Baltimore, MD, 212261595, USA (Tel: 410-354-0100; 800-2825322; FAX: 410-354-1021; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.deltachemical.com/) De Monchy Aromatics Blackhill Rd., Holton Health Industrial Park, Holton Health, Poole, Dorset, BH16 6LS, UK (Tel: 44 (0) 1202 620 888; FAX: 44 (0) 1202 620 999; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.demonchyaromatics.com) 2690

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Dempsey Corporation 47 Davies Ave., Toronto, Ontario, M4M 2A9, Canada (Tel: 416-461-0844; FAX: 416-4617048; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dempseycorporation.com) Desert King International 7024 Manya Circle, San Diego, CA, 92154, USA (Tel: 619-429-5222; 800-YUCCA DK; FAX: 619-429-5001; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.desertking.com) Desert Whale Jojoba Co. Inc. PO Box 41594, 2101 E. Beverly St., Tucson, AZ, 85717-1594, USA (Tel: 520-882-4195; FAX: 520-882-7821; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.desertwhale.com/) Destilerías Muñoz Galvez, s.a. Avenida Ciudad de Almería, 162, E-30010 Murcia, Spain (Tel: 34/ 968 25 35 00; FAX: 34/ 968 34 15 62; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dmg.es/) DeWolf Chemical, Inc. 400 Massasoit Avenue, East Providence, RI, 02914, (Tel: 800-521-0065; FAX: 401-4345306; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dewolfchem.com) Diamond Chemical Co., Inc. Union Ave. & Dubois St., E. Rutherford, NJ, 07073, USA (Tel: 201-935-4300; 800-6547627; FAX: 201-935-6997; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.diamondchem.com/) Dietary Foods Ltd. Cumberland House, Brook St., Soham, Ely, Cambridgeshire, CB7 5BA, UK (Tel: 44 1353 720791; FAX: 44 1353 721705; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://sweetnlow.dietaryfoods.co.uk) Dishman Dishman Pharmaceuticals & Chemicals Ltd., 120 New Cavendish Street, London, W1W 6XX, UK (Tel: 44 20 7323 0608; FAX: 44 20 7323 0609; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dishman-europe.com) Dishman USA, 550 Union Ave., Suite 9, Middlesex, NJ, 08846, USA (Tel: 732-5604300; FAX: 732-560-4343; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.dishman-usa.com) Dixie Chemical Co., Inc. PO Box 130410, 300 Jackson Hill, Houston, TX, 77219-0410, USA (Tel: 713-863-1947; FAX: 713-863-8316; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dixiechemical.com) DMV DMV International, NCB-Laan 80, Postbus 13, 5462 GE Veghel, The Netherlands (Tel: 31-413-372222; FAX: 31-413-343695; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dmvinternational.com) DMV Scandinavia, Hessvej 3, DK-7120 Vejle Ö, Denmark (Tel: 45 758 15533; FAX: 45 758 15677; E-mail: [email protected]) DMV South America, Av. Federico Lacroze 2201, Piso 18, C 1426CPH Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54-11-4774-3782; FAX: 5411-4776-4408; E-mail: [email protected]) DMV USA, Unit of DMV Int'l., 1285 Rudy Street, Onalaska, WI, 54650, USA (Tel: 608779-7676; 877-300-7676; FAX: 608-7797666; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dmvinternational.com) DMV Pharma USA, Monroe, NY, USA (Tel: 845-781-8123; FAX: 845-781-4373; E-mail: [email protected]) DMV Japan, Kudan Vigas Bldg 3F, 1-10-9 Kudan Kita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0073, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5276 0441; FAX: 81 3 5276 0445; E-mail: [email protected]) DMV Far East, 1002 Bank of America Tower, 12 Harcourt Road, Central, Hong Kong, P.R. China (Tel: 852 2525 2145; FAX: 852 2810 4543; E-mail: [email protected]) DNP International Co., Inc. 3035 Red Hat Lane, Whittier, CA, 90601, USA (Tel: 562-205-1430; 877-550-3600; FAX: 562-205-1440; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dnpint.com/) D&O Group The Atrium, 80 East Route 4, Paramus, NJ, 07652, USA (Tel: 201-909-0600; FAX: 201909-8601; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://dochem.com) 2691

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Doguet Rice Milling Co. 795 South Major Dr., Beaumont, TX, 77707, USA (Tel: 409-866-2297; FAX: 409-8661646; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.doguets.com) Doingcom Chemical Co., Ltd. 30 Xinchang Road, Xinyang Industrial Zone, Haicang Xiamen, 361006, China (Tel: 86 592 6515068; FAX: 86 592 6515489; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.doingcom.com) Donboo Amino Acid Co., Ltd. RM C-701, Wang Jiang Building, #42 East Ren Ming Road, Jiangsu, P.R. China (Tel: 86513-85517829; FAX: 86-513-85515040; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.donboo.com) Dottikon Exclusive Synthesis AG PO Box, 5605 Dottikon, Switzerland (Tel: 41 56 616 811 11; FAX: 41-56 616 81 20; Internet: http://www.ems-dottikon.ch) Dover Chemical Corp. Subsid. of ICC Industries Inc., 3676 Davis Rd. N.W., PO Box 40, Dover, OH, 44622-0040, USA (Tel: 330-343-7711; 800-321-8805; FAX: 330-364-9626; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.doverchem.com) Dow Dow Chemical North America, 2030 Dow Center, Midland, MI, 48642, USA (Tel: 989636-1000; 800-441-4369; FAX: 989-6363518; Internet: http://www.dow.com) Dow Plastics, Business Group of The Dow Chemical Co., Dow Ashman Center, 4520 Ashman St., PO Box 1206, Midland, MI, 48642, USA (Tel: 989-832-1426; 800-4414369; FAX: 989-832-1465; Internet: http://www.dow.com/plastics) Dow Chemical Canada Inc., Suite 2100, 450 - 1st Street S.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2P 5H1, Canada (Tel: 403-267-3500; 800-4474369; FAX: 403-267-3597) Dow Europe GbmH, Bachtobelstrasse 3, 8810 Horgen, Switzerland (Tel: 41 1 728 2111; FAX: 41 1 728 2935) Dow Chemical Ibérica SA, PO Box 36208, c/Cerro del Castanar 72B, plantas 4a y 5a, 28034 Madrid, Spain (Tel: 34 91 740 7700; FAX: 34 91 740 7701) Dow France S.A.S, Le Raspail Paris Nord II, BP 50299 Villepinte, 95 958 Roissy CDG

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 49 90 72 72; FAX: 33 1 49 90 73 73) Dow Italia SpA, Palazzo Smeraldo, Via Patroclo, 21, 20151 Milan (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 02 4822 1; FAX: 39 02 4822 4366) Dow Sverige AB, Kungsgatan 38, Box 7038, 103 86 Stockholm, Sweden (Tel: 46 8 676 57 00; FAX: 46 8 676 57 80) Dow Chemical (Australia) Ltd., Level 5, 20 Rodborough Road, Frenchs Forest, NSW, 2086, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9776 3100; FAX: 61 2 9776 3195) Dow Chemical Pacific Ltd., 47/F Sun Hung Kai Centre, 30 Harbour Rd., Wanchai, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2879 7333; FAX: 852 2827 7860) Dow Chemical Taiwan Ltd., 7th Floor, No. 2, Section 1, Tun Hua South Road, Taipei, Taiwan, 10588, R.O.C. (Tel: 886 2 2771 8000; FAX: 886 2 2776 5252) Dow Chemical Pacific (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., 14 Science Park Drive, #04-01, The Maxwell, Singapore, 118226, Singapore (Tel: 65 6874 7622; FAX: 65 6773 7380) Dow Corning Dow Corning Corp./Corporate Headquarters, 2200 W. Salsburg Rd., P.O. Box 994, Auburn, MI, 48611, USA (Tel: 989496-4400; 800-346-9882; FAX: 989-4966731; Internet: http://www.dowcorning.com) Dow Corning do Brasil Ltda., Rua Francisco Tramontano 100, 8th Flr., Sao Paulo, Brazil (Tel: 55 1137594300; FAX: 55 1137585727) Dow Corning Australia Pty. Ltd., Div. of Dow Corning Corp., Dow Corning Building; Macquarie University Research Park, 3 Innovation Road, NORTH RYDE, NSW, 2113, Australia (Tel: 61 1300 360 732; FAX: 61 1300 650 785) Dow Corning GmbH, Postfach 13 03 32, Rheingaustrasse 34, 65201 Wiesbaden, Germany (Tel: 49 611 23 71; FAX: 49 611 237 620) Dow Corning SpA, Via Lombardia, 31/33, 20098 Sesto, Ulteriano (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 2 98 832 1; FAX: 39 2 98 804 83) Dow Corning Iberica,S.A., Avda Diagonal, 613 5, C/La Jorja 38, 08028 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 363 6928; FAX: 34 93 363 6901) Dow Corning Asia Ltd., AIG Building, 8th Flr., 1-3, Marunouchi, 1-Chyome, CHIYODA-KU, 2692

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory TOKYO, 100-0005, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3287 8300; FAX: 81 3 3287 1201) Dow Corning (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Suite 709, Shanghai Dynasty Business Centre, No. 457, Wu Lu Mu Qi Bei Lu, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 6249 2316; FAX: 86 21 6249 2317) Dow Corning Korea Ltd., 16F Trade Tower, 159-1 Samsung-dong, Kangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-731, Korea (Tel: 82 2 551 7600; FAX: 82 2 551 6800) Dow Wolff Cellulosics A Dow Company, Postfach 1662, 29656 Walsrode, Germany (Tel: 49 5161 44 3443; FAX: 49 5161 44 143443; Internet: http://www.dow.com/dowwolff/de/) DPC Industries, Inc. 300 Jackson Hill, Houston, TX, 77007, USA (Tel: 713-863-1947; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dxsystemsco.com) Dr. Paul Lohmann Hauptstrasse 2, 31860 Emmerthal, Germany (Tel: 49 5155 63-0; FAX: 49 5155 63-118; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lohmann4minerals.com) DRT, Les Derives Resiniques et Terpeniques 30 rue Gambetta - BP 206, 40105 Dax Cedex, France (Tel: 33 5 58 56 62 00; FAX: 33 5 58 56 62 22; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.drt.fr; http://www.drt.fr/en) DSL Chemicals (Shanghai) Co., Ltd Rm 1119-1120, Shanghai Landmark, 409-459 Nan Jing Rd. (E.), Shanghai, 200001, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 6352 9955; FAX: 86 21 6352 9922; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dsl-chem.com) DSM DSM N.V., Postbus 6500, 6401 JH Heerlen, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 45 578 81 11; FAX: 31 45 578 97 53; Internet: http://www.dsm.com/nl_NL/html/home/ds m_home.cgi) DSM France S.A., Tour Atlantique, 9, Place de la Pyramide, La Défense 9, 92911 Paris La Défense Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 41 25 05 05; FAX: 33 1 47 76 01 00) DSM Deutschland GmbH & Co., Niederkasseler, Lohweg 175, 40547 Düsseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 45 57 600; FAX: 49 211 45 57 999) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

DSM España S.A., C/ La Llacuna, 161-Planta 2o., 08018 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 467 71 17; FAX: 34 93 467 76 31) DSM Italia s.r.l., Via Pellico, 12, PO Box 321, 22100 Como, Italy (Tel: 39 031 236 111; FAX: 39 031 572 520) DSM Belgium N.V., Bus 4, Woluwellan 140 B, 1831 Diegem, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 712 05 30; FAX: 32 2 712 05 55) DSM Produtos Nutricionais Brasil Ltda., Av. Eng. Billings 1729-Predio 9, 05321-900 São Paulo SP, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 3719 4600; FAX: 55 11 3719 4985; E-mail: [email protected]) DSM Japan K.K., Banzai Building 4th Floor, 231-19, Shiba, Minato-ku,, Tokyo, 105-0014, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5419-7390; FAX: 81 3 5419-0082) DSM China Ltd., Room 307-308, Tower A, Fortune, Plaza, No. 7 Dong San Huan Zhong, Lu, Chao Yang District, 100020 Beijing, P.R. China (Tel: 86 (10) 6530 8880; FAX: 86 (10) 6530 9282) DSM Taipei Ltd. Corp., 3rd Fl., 90 Chung Shan North Rd., Section 6, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 22 833 00 01; FAX: 886 22 831 30 95; Internet: http://www.dsmtaipei.com) DSM Nutritional Products, P O Box 3255, Building 241, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland (Tel: 41 61 688 33 33; FAX: 41 61 687 37 16; Internet: http://www.dsm.com/en_US/html/dnp/ho me_dnp.htm) DSM Nutritional Products, Inc., 45 Waterview Boulevard, Parsippany, NJ, 07054-1298, (Tel: 800-526 0189; FAX: 973257 8420; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nutraaccess.com) DSM Nutritional Products Europe Ltd, Klünenfeldstr. 22, CH-4127 Birsfelden, Switzerland (Tel: 41 61 687 17 77; FAX: 41 61 687 20 82) DSM Nutrition Japan K.K., Banzai Building, 4th Floor,, 2-31-19, Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0014, Japan (Tel: 81 3 54197300; FAX: 81 3 5419-7388) DSM Special Products, Poststraat 1, 6130 PL Sittard, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 46 47 73642; FAX: 31 46 47 70461; Internet: http://www.dsm.com/en_US/html/dsp/ho mepage.htm) 2693

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory DSM Andeno BV, Norderpoort 9, 5900 AB Venlo, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 773 899 555; FAX: 31 773 899 300) DSM Chemicals North America, Inc., 1 Columbia Nitrogen Rd., PO Box 2451, Augusta, GA, 30903, USA (Tel: 706-8496600; 800-825-4376; FAX: 706-849-6999) DSM Taipei Ltd. Corp., 3rd Floor, 90 Chung Shan North Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (Tel: 886 (22) 833 00 01; FAX: 886 (22) 831 30 95; Internet: http://www.dsmtaipei.com) DSM Fine Chemicals BV, Postbus 601, 6160 AP Geleen, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 46 476 66 80; FAX: 31 46 476 57 31; Internet: http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com) DSM Fine Chemicals Austria Nfg GmbH & CoKG, St.-Peter-Strasse 25, Postfach 933, A-4021 Linz, Austria (Tel: 43 70 6916 0; FAX: 43 70 6916 3890; Internet: http://www.dsmfinechemicals.com) DSM Food Specialties, PO Box 1, 2600 MA Delft, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 15 279 3474; FAX: 31 15 279 3540; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dsm.com) DSM NeoResins Inc., Div. of DSM, 3110 West State Road 28, Frankfort, IN, 46041, USA (Tel: 765-659-4721; FAX: 765-6594725; Internet: http://www.neoresins.com) Ducey Chemical, Inc. 106 West Franklin Ave., Pennington, NJ, 08534-1422, USA (Tel: 609-730-1533; 800453-8639; FAX: 609-730-1308; E-mail: [email protected]) Dudley Chemical Corp. 125 Kenyon Drive, Lakewood, NJ, 08701, USA (Tel: 732-886-3100; FAX: 732-886-3688; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dudleychem.com/dudley.html) J.C. Dudley & Co. Ltd. Cheyney House, Francis Yard, East St., Chesham, Buckinghamshire, HP5 1DG, UK (Tel: 44 1494 792839; FAX: 44 1494 792875; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jcdudley.co.uk/) DuPont DuPont Specialty Chemicals, 1007 Market St., Wilmington, DE, 19898, USA (Tel: 302774-1000; 800-441-7515; FAX: 302-7747321; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dupont.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

DuPont S.A. de C.V., Homero 206 Anexo Planta Alta, Col. Chapultepec Morales, Mexico D.F., 11570, Mexico (Tel: 52 5 722 1100; FAX: 52 5 722 1308; Internet: http://www.dupont.com.mx) DuPont Argentina S.A., Casilla Correo 1888, Correo Central, 1000 Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54-1-311-8167; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dupont.com.ar) DuPont do Brasil S.A., Alameda Itapecuru, 506, Alphaville, Barueri, Sao Paulo, 06454080, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 7266 8263; FAX: 55 11 7266 8720; Internet: http://www.dupont.com.br) DuPont de Nemours International S.A., 2, Chemin du Pavillon, PO Box 50, 1218 Le Grand-Saconnex Geneva, Switzerland (Tel: 41 22 717 5111; FAX: 41 22 717 5109; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dupont.com) DuPont de Nemours (Deutschland) GmbH, DuPont Strasse 1, 61343 Bad Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 6172 870; FAX: 49 6172 87 27 01; E-mail: [email protected]) DuPont de Nemours (Belgium) SA, Antoon Spinoystraat 6, Industriezone, B-2800 Mechelen, Belgium (Tel: 32 15 44 1411; FAX: 32 15 44 1409) DuPont de Nemours Italiana SpA, Via Volta 16, I-20093 Cologno Monzese, Italy (Tel: 39 2 25 30 21; FAX: 39 02 25 30 23 06) DuPont (Australia) Ltd., 168 Walker Street, North Sydney, NSW, 2060, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9923 6111; FAX: 61 2 9923 6135) DuPont Kabushiki Kaisha, Sanno Park Tower, 11-1, Nagata-cho 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-6111, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5521 8500; FAX: 81 3 5521 2595) DuPont Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co., Ltd., Chiyoda Honsha Bldg., 1-5-18 Saragakucho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5281 5812; FAX: 81 3 5281 5881) DuPont Asia Pacific Ltd., 1122 New World Office Bldg., 24 Salisbury Road, Tsimshatsui Kowloon,, Hong Kong (Tel: 852-27341948; FAX: 852-27244458; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dupont.com.cn) DuPont China Holding Co. Ltd., 1101 China World Tower 2,, No. 1 Jian Guo Men Wai Ave., Beijing, 100004, P.R. China (Tel: 86

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 10 6505 8000; FAX: 86 10 6505 8008; Internet: http://www.dupont.com.cn) DuPont Company (Singapore) Pte Ltd, 1 HarbourFront Place #11-01, HarbourFront Tower One, Singapore, 098 633, Singapore (Tel: 65 6586 3688; FAX: 65 6272 7494; Internet: http://sg.dupont.com) DuPont Taiwan Ltd., Hung Kuo Building, 13th Floor, #167, Tun Hwa North Road, Tapei, 10590, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886-2-27191999; FAX: 886-2-2719-0852; Internet: http://www.dupont.com.tw) Duso Chemical Co., Inc. 173 Smith St., PO Box 665, Poughkeepsie, NY, 12602-0665, USA (Tel: 845-454-6500; 1-800-662-DUSO; FAX: 845-454-0188; Internet: http://www.dusochemical.com/) Dutch Protein & Services B.V. PO Box 6181, Sir Rowland Hillstraat 3, 4000 JT Tiel, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 34 467 76 77; FAX: 31 34 467 76 66; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dpsfood.nl/) Dynemic Products Ltd. B 301, Satymev Complex-1,, Opp. New Gujarat High Court; Sarkhej-Ghandhinage Highway, Sola, Ahmedabad-, Gujarat, 380 063, India (Tel: 91 - 79 - 27663071; FAX: 91 - 79 - 27662176; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.foodcolor.net/) Eaglebrook, Inc. TL Diamond, 4801 Southwick Dr., Suite 200, Matteson, IL, 60443, USA (Tel: 800-6548373; FAX: 708-747-3278; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.eaglebrook.com) Eagle-Picher Technologies, LLC/Chemicals Dept. Div. of Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc., PO Box 47, C & Porter Streets, Joplin, MO, 648020047, USA (Tel: 417-623-8000; FAX: 417781-1910; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.eaglepicher.com) Eagle Zinc Co. 30 Rockefeller Plaza, Ste. 2825, New York, NY, 10112, USA (Tel: 212-582-0420; FAX: 212-582-3412; E-mail: [email protected]) Eastern Chemical Subsid. of United Guardian, PO Box 18050, 230 Marcus Blvd., Hauppauge, NY, 11788, USA (Tel: 631-273-0900; 800-645-5566; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FAX: 631-273-0858; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.easternchemicalcorp.com/ind ex3.php) Eastern Color & Chemical Co. 35 Livingston St., PO Box 6161, Providence, RI, 02904, USA (Tel: 401-331-9000; FAX: 401-331-2155; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://easterncolor.net) Eastman Eastman Chemical Co., 100 North Eastman Rd., PO Box 511, Kingsport, TN, 376625075, USA (Tel: 423-229-2000; 800EASTMAN; FAX: 423-229-1193; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.eastman.com) Eastman Chemical Mexicana, S.A. de C.V., Insurgentes Sur No. 1605, Piso 23, Col. San Jose Insurgentes, Mexico D.F., 03900, Mexico (Tel: (5255) 5322-9800; FAX: (5255) 5322-9800; E-mail: [email protected]) Eastman Chemical (UK) Ltd./Peboc Div., Industrial Estate, Llangefni, Anglesey, Gwynedd, LL77 7YQ, UK (Tel: 44 1248 750724; FAX: 44 1248 723890) Eastman Chemical SA, 65, rue de Bercy, 75589 Paris Cedex 12, France (Tel: 33 1 44 67 88 88; FAX: 33 1 44 67 88 99) Eastman Chemical B.V., Fascinatio Boulevard 602-614, 2909 VA Capelle aan den IJssel, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 10 2402 111; FAX: 31 10 2402 100) Eastman Chemical B.V., Hertizentrum 6, PO Box 3263, 6300 Zug 3, Switzerland (Tel: 41 41 726 61 00; FAX: 41 41 726 62 00) Eastman Chemical Deutschland Gmbh, Charlottenstrasse 61, 51149 Koln, Germany (Tel: 49 2203 17050; FAX: 49 2203 1705 24) Eastman Chemical Ltd., PO Box 7301, Baulkham Hills DC, Sydney, NSW, 2153, Australia (Tel: (61) 2-9634-6906; FAX: (61) 2-9634-6813) Eastman Chemical Japan Ltd., AIF Aoyama Building 5F, 2-11-16 Minami Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-0062, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3475 9510; FAX: 81 3 3475 9515) Eastman Chemical Ltd., Beijing Liaison Office, Office Unit 502, 5th Fl., Lido Commercial Bldg., Ji Chang Rd., Jiang Tai

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Rd., Beijing, 100004, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 6436 7376; FAX: 86 10 6436 7380) Eastman Chemical Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd., #05-03 Winsland House 1, 3 Killiney Road, Singapore, 239519, Singapore (Tel: 65 831 3100; FAX: 65-732-4930) Eastwest United Group Inc. 2025 Mountain View Rd., South El Monte, CA, 91733, USA (Tel: 626-401-1048; FAX: 626401-0352; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ewunitedgroup.com) E&A West Part of Huntsman Tioxide Europe Ltd., Pyewipe, Grimsby, Lincs, DN31 2SW, UK (Tel: 44 1472 232000; FAX: 44 1472 232020; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.huntsman.com/pigments/inde x.cfm?PageID=935) Ebonex Corp. 2380 S. Wabash St., PO Box 3247, Melvindale, MI, 48122, USA (Tel: 313-3880060; 800-397-2687; FAX: 313-388-6495; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ebonex.com/) Ecogreen Oleochemicals (S) Pte. Ltd. 99 Bukit Timah Road, #03-01 Alfa Centre, Singapore, 229835, Singapore (Tel: 65 6337 7726; FAX: 65 6337 2110; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ecogreenoleo.com) Economy Polymers & Chems. PO Box 450246, Houston, TX, 77245-0246, USA (Tel: 713-723-8416; 800-231-2066; FAX: 713-723-1845; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.economypolymers.com) EFE International Ltd. 7-11 Kensington High St., London, W8 5NP, UK (Tel: 44 20 8286 2988; FAX: 44 20 7937 2579; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.efeinternational.com) Efkay Chemicals Ltd. Allen House, The Maltings, Station Road, Sawbridgeworth, CM21 9JX, UK (Tel: 44 1279 721888; FAX: 44 1279 722261) Eggar & Co. (Chemicals) Ltd. High St., Theale, Reading, Berkshire, RG7 5AR, UK (Tel: 44 118 930 2379; FAX: 44 118 932 3224; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.eggar.co.uk/) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Eigenmann & Veronelli SpA Via della Mosa 6, 20017 Rho (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 02 93 53 92 38; FAX: 39 02 93 53 93 30; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.eigver.it) Eisai Eisai Co., Ltd., 4-6-10, Koishikawa, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, 112-8088, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3817 3700; FAX: 81 3 3811 3305; Internet: http://www.eisai.co.jp/index-e.html) Eisai USA, Inc., Glenpointe Centre West, 500 Frank W. Burr Boulevard, Teaneck, NJ, 07666, USA (Tel: 201-692-1100; FAX: 201692-1804; Internet: http://www.eisai.com/) Eiwa Chemical Ind. Co., Ltd. 1-8, Nitto-cho, Handa City,, Handa City, Aichi, Japan (Tel: 81-75-256-5260; FAX: 81-75256-5131; Internet: http://www.eiwachem.co.jp/en/index.html) Eka Chemicals Eka Chemicals Inc., Div. of Akzo Nobel, 1775 West Oak Commons Court, Marietta, GA, 30062, USA (Tel: 770-578-0858; 800-2413900; FAX: 770-578-1359; Internet: http://www.eka.com) Eka Chemicals Canada Inc., 1900 Rue StPatrice East, PO Box 2000, Magog, Quebec, J1X 4X6, Canada (Tel: 819-8438772; FAX: 819-843-3269) Eka Chemicals Ltd., Cridge house, The Cross, High Street, Congresbury, North Somerset, BS22 6WA, UK (Tel: 44 1934 83 98 80; FAX: 44 1934 83 98 70; E-mail: [email protected]) Eka Chemicals AB, Business Unit of Akzo Nobel, 445 80 Bohus, Sweden (Tel: 46 31 58 70 00; FAX: 46 31 58 74 00; E-mail: [email protected]) Eka Chemicals Iberica SA, Paseo de Colon 17, 08002 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 3096050; FAX: 34 93 3096378; E-mail: [email protected]) Eka Chemicals Oy, Tammasaarenkatu 1, High Tech Center, Nina-building, 2. floor, 00180 Helsinki, Finland (Tel: 358 20 7515 500; FAX: 358 20 7515 550; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.akzonobel.fi) Eka Chemicals (Australia) Pty Ltd., Div. of Nobel Industries, 15 Conquest Way, Hallam, Victoria, 3803, Australia (Tel: 61-3-97023422; FAX: 61-3-9703-1859; E-mail: [email protected]) 2696

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Eka Chemicals de Venezuela CA, Zona Industrial Santa Cruz ,, Calle 3 con Carretera Nacional Cagua, Santa Cruz de Aragua, Maracay Estado Aragua, 2101, Venezuela (Tel: 58 243 262 23 11; FAX: 58 243 261 97 91; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.eka.com) Elan Chemical Co. Inc. 268 Doremus Ave., Newark, NJ, 07105, USA (Tel: 973-344-8014; FAX: 973-344-1948; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.elan-chemical.com) Elementis Elementis Specialties/Service Centre nv, Pegasus Park, DeKleetlaan 12A bus 3, 1831 Diegam, Belgium (Tel: 32-2-790 76 00; FAX: 32-2-790 76 60) Elementis Pigments Inc., 2051 Lynch Avenue, East Saint Louis, IL, 62204, USA (Tel: 618-646-2178; 800 323 7796; FAX: 618-646 2110; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.elementispigments.com) Elementis Specialties, Inc., PO Box 700, 329 Wyckoffs Mill Rd., Hightstown, NJ, 08520, USA (Tel: 609-443-2000; 800-866-6800; FAX: 609-443-2422; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; Internet: http://www.elementisspecialties.com) Elementis Specialties Malaysia, 120 Jalan, 40400 Shah Alam, Selangor, Darul Ehsan, Malaysia (Tel: 603-5192 2887; FAX: 6035192 3887) EMCO Chemical Distributors, Inc. PO Box 1030, 2100 Commonwealth Ave., N. Chicago, IL, 60064, USA (Tel: 847-6892200; FAX: 847-689-8470; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.emcochem.com) EMD Chemicals, Inc. Affiliate of Merck KGaA, 480 S. Democrat Rd., Gibbstown, NJ, 08027-1297, USA (Tel: 856423-6300; 800-222-0342; FAX: 856-4234389; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.emdchemicals.com) Emerald Performance Materials Emerald Foam Control, LLC, 311 Cleveland Place, Cheyenne, WY, 82007, USA (Tel: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

307-634-7699; FAX: 307-634-8319; E-mail: [email protected] om; Internet: http://www.emeraldmaterials.com/) Emerald Hilton Davis, LLC, 2235 Langdon Farm Road, Cincinnati, OH, 45237, USA (Tel: 513-841-4000; 800-477-1022; FAX: 513-841-3771 (E-mail: [email protected]) Emerald Kalama Chemical, LLC 1296 NW Third Avenue,, Kalama,, WA, 98625, USA (Tel: 360-673-2550; FAX: 360-6733564; Internet: http://www.emeraldmaterials.com) EMS-CHEMIE EMS-CHEMIE (North America) Inc./EMSGRIVORY, 2060, Corporate Way, PO Box 1717, Sumter, SC, 29151-1717, USA (Tel: 803-481-6171; FAX: 803-481-6121; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.emsgrivory.com/) EMS-CHEMIE (UK) Ltd., Darfin House, Priestly Court, Staffordshire Technology Park, GB-Stafford,, ST18 OAR, UK (Tel: 44 845 838 5180; FAX: 44 845 838 5170; Email: [email protected]) EMS-CHEMIE (France) S.A., EMS-GRIVORY Div., 73-77, rue de Sevres, BP 52, 92105 Boulogne-Billancourt, France (Tel: 33 1 41 10 06 10; FAX: 33 1 48 25 56 07; E-mail: [email protected]) EMS-CHEMIE (Deutschland) GmbH,, Warthweg 14, 64823 Gross-Umstadt, Germany (Tel: 49 6078 78 30; FAX: 49 6078 783 416; E-mail: [email protected]) EMS-CHEMIE (Asia) Ltd.., 36, Kwang Fu South Rd., Hsin Chu Ind. Park, Fu Kou Ksiang, Hsin Chu Hsien, Taiwan, R.O.C. (Tel: 886 35 985 335; FAX: 886 35 985 345; E-mail: [email protected]) EMS-CHEMIE (Japan) Ltd., EMS Bldg., 2-1120 Higashi-koujiya, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 1440033, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5735 0611; FAX: 81 3 5735 0614; E-mail: [email protected]) Enzyme Development Corp. 21 Penn Plaza, 360 W. 31st St., New York, NY, 10001, USA (Tel: 212-736-1580; FAX: 212-279-0056; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.enzymedevelopment.com)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory EPAX AS Vollsveien 6, 1366 Lysaker, Norway (Tel: 47 70 13 59 60; FAX: 47 70 13 59 11; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.epax.com) EPO S.r.l.—Instituto Farmochimico Fitoterapico Via Stadera 19, 20141 Milano, Italy (Tel: 39 2 8958931; FAX: 39 2 89502281; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.eposrl.com/) Epochem Co., Ltd./International Marketing Div. Building No 7, Xinfei Road 1500, Songjiang Industrial Zone, Songjiang, Shanghai, 201612, P.R. China (Tel: 86 216760-1595; FAX: 86 21 6760-1605; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.epochem.com/) Equistar Chemicals Equistar Chemicals, LP, Div. of :yondell, One Houston Center, 1221 McKinney St., Houston, TX, 77010, USA (Tel: 713-6527300; 888-777-0232; FAX: 713-652-6119; Internet: http://www.equistarchem.com) Equistar Chemicals, LP, 11530 Northlake Dr., Cincinnati, OH, 45249, USA (Tel: 513530-4000; 800-323-4905; FAX: 513-5304208) Erachem Comilog, Inc. 610 Pittman Rd., Baltimore, MD, 21226, USA (Tel: 410-636-7100; 800-876-3464; FAX: 410-636-7113; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.erachem-comilog.com) Eramex Aromatics GmbH Postfach 1262, D-40637 Meerbusch-Büderich, Germany (Tel: 49 2132 9358-0; FAX: 49 2132 9358-58; Internet: http://www.eramex.de) Esprit Chemical Co. Esprit Plaza, 7680 Matoaka Rd., Sarasota, FL, 34236, USA (Tel: 941-355-5100; 800-2377748; FAX: 941-358-1339; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.espritchem.com) Esseco SpA 28069 San Martino Trecate (NO), Italy (Tel: 39-0321-790.1; FAX: 39-0321-790.347; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.esseco.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Essential7 57 Kelly Pl, Roswell, NM, 88203, USA (Tel: 505-347-2794; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.essential7.com) Eurolabs Limited London House, London Rd. South Poynton, Cheshire, SK12 1YP, UK (Tel: 44 1625 850089; FAX: 44 1625 858854; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.eurolabs.co.uk) Euroma Food Ingredients Kloosterweg 3, PO Box 4, 8190 AA Wapenveld, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 38 447 3173; FAX: 31 38 447 3195; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.euroma.com/euroma/index.ht m) Evans Chemetics. 33 Wood Avenue South, Iselin, NJ, 08830, USA (E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.evans-chemetics.com) Evonik Degussa Evonik Degussa GmbH, Bennigsenplatz 1, 40474 Dusseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 65041 0; FAX: 49 211 65041 472; Internet: http://www.evonik.com/en/chemicals/ind ex.html) Evonik Degussa GmbH/Aerosil & Silanes, Parsevalstrasse, 06749 Bitterfeld, Germany (Tel: 49-34-93 75-410; FAX: 49-34-93 75411) Evonik Degussa GmbH/Coatings & Colorants, Marl Chemical Park, Herzogstrasse 28, 44651 Herne, Germany (Tel: 49-23-25 68-02) Evonik Degussa UK Services Ltd, Tego House, Chippenham Drive, Milton Keynes, Bucks, MK 10 0AF, UK (Tel: 44-19 08-28 95 75) Goldschmidt Benelux Vestiging, Hettenheuvelweg 37-39, 1 BM Amsterdam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31-20-691 00 65; FAX: 31-20-691 62 34) Evonik Degussa International AG, Zollstraße 62, 8005 Zürich, Switzerland (Tel: 41-44274-31-31; FAX: 41-44-274-31-03) Evonik Degussa Norden AB, Kusthamnsg 1, 21124 Malmö, Sweden (Tel: 46-40-28 82 40; FAX: 46 40 93 78 86) Degussa CEE GmbH, Liesinger Flurgasse 2c, Postfach 162, AT-1230 Vienna, Austria (Tel: 2698

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 43-1-86 39 17 300; FAX: 43-1-86 39 17 014; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.degussa.at/de/home.html) Evonik Degussa Antwerpen NV, Tijsmanstunnel West, 2040 Antwerp 4, Belgium (Tel: 32-3-560-32 12; FAX: 32-3560-82 12; Internet: http://www.degussaantwerpen.be) Degussa Italia S.p.A., Via Baiona, 170, 48100 Ravenna, Italy (Tel: 39 0544456170; FAX: 39 0544451465) Evonik Degussa Ibérica S.A., Av. Sant Julia, 156-166, Pol. Ind. El Congost, 08400 Granollers, Spain (Tel: 34-93 86-421 70; FAX: 34-93 86-421 09; E-mail: [email protected]) Evonik Degussa Corp., 379 Interpace Pkwy., PO Box 677, Parsippany, NJ, 07054-0677, USA (Tel: 973-541-8000; 800-828-0919; FAX: 973-541-8013; Internet: http://www.degussa.com) Evonik Degussa/Advanced Fillers & Pigments, 3500 Embassy Parkway, Suite 100, Akron, OH, 44333, USA (Tel: 330-668 22 35; FAX: 330-668 38 46; Internet: http://www.degussa-fp.com/fp/en/) Evonik Degussa/Aerosil & Silanes, 379 Interpace Pkwy., PO Box 677, Parsippany, NJ, 07054, USA (Tel: 973-541-8512; 877748-3686; FAX: 973-541-8501; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aerosil.com; http://www.sivento-silanes.com) Evonik Degussa Corp./Care & Surface Specialties, 914 E. Randolph Rd., PO Box 1299, Hopewell, VA, 23860-1299, USA (Tel: 804-541-8658; 800-446-1809; FAX: 804541-2783; E-mail: [email protected]) Evonik Degussa Canada Inc., 3380 South Service Rd., Burlington, Ontario, L7N 3J5, Canada (Tel: 905-336-3423; FAX: 905-3351119; Internet: http://www.degussa.com) Degussa Mexico S.A. de C.V., Calzada Mexico-Xochimilco No. 5149, Col. Arenal, Del. Tlalpan, Apartado Postal 22-252, Mexico D.F., 14610, Mexico (Tel: 525-55483 10 01; FAX: 525-556-83 10 02; E-mail: [email protected]) Evonik Degussa Brasil Ltda., Av. Sao Jeronimo, 6000, 13470-310 Americana, Sao Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Paulo / SP, Brazil (Tel: 55-19-3475-30 75; FAX: 55-19-3475-30 70; Internet: http://www.degussa.com.br/) Degussa Chemicals Ltda., Rua Arizona 1426, 7th floor, 04567-003 Sao Paulo, Brazil (E-mail: ; Internet: http://www.degussa.com.br) Evonik Degussa Argentina S.A., Darragueira 38, (B1609HDB) - San Isidro, Argentina (Tel: 54 11 4708-2000; FAX: 54 11 47082001; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.degussa.com.ar) Degussa Africa Holdings (Pty) Ltd, IBG Business Park; Cnr. New Road & 6th Road, Midridge Office Estate, Cnr Pioneer & Atlantis Rd, PO Box 3404, Halfway House 1685, Midrand, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27-11697-0700; FAX: 27-11-318-0970) Degussa India Pvt. Ltd., Krilson House, Saki Vihar Road, Saki Naka, Andheri East, Mumbai, 400 072, India (Tel: 91-22 6723 8800) Evonik Degussa Australia Pty. Ltd., 30 Commercial Dr., PO Box 996, Dandenong, Victoria, 3175, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9703 8883; FAX: 61 3 9703 8893; Internet: http://www.degussa.com.au) Evonik Goldschmidt GmbH, Goldschmidtstrasse 100, 45127 Essen, Germany (Tel: 49-201-173 16 03; FAX: 49201-173 19 44; Internet: http://www.goldschmidt.com) Degussa Engineered Carbons, Inc., 379 Interpace Parkway, P.O. Box 677, Parsippany,, NJ, 07854-0677, USA (Tel: 973-541-8700; FAX: 973-541-8701) Degussa China Ltd., 16/F, Beijing Sunflower Tower, 37 Maizidian Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, P.R. China (Tel: 86-10-8527-6400; FAX: 86-10-8527-5986) Evonik Degussa Japan Co., Ltd., Shinjuku Monolith 12F, 2-3-1, Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-0938, Japan (Tel: 81-3-53 23-74 72; FAX: 81 3-53 23-73 97; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.degussa.co.jp) Evonik Degussa Korea Limited, 94, Kalsan 1-dong, Bupyong-gu, Incheon, 403-081, Korea (Tel: 82 32 510 24 00; FAX: 82 32 505 25 10; E-mail: [email protected]) Evonik Degussa (SEA) Pte. Ltd., 3 International Business Park, #07-18 Nordic 2699

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory European Centre, Singapore, 609927, Singapore (Tel: 65-6-899-00-80; FAX: 65-6899-00-90) Goldschmidt Canada, 2150 Winston Park Drive, Unit 206, Oakville, Ontario, L6H 5V1, Canada (Tel: 905-336 3423; FAX: 905-6337553; E-mail: [email protected]) Evonik Degussa Taiwan Ltd., 9F, No. 133, Min Sheng East Rd. Sec. 3, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 2 2717 1242; FAX: 886 2 2717 2106; E-mail: [email protected]) Goldschmidt Quimica de Mexico, S.A. de C.V., Eje 110 S/N Zona Industrial, San Luis Potosi, 78395, Mexico (Tel: 52-11-52-48-24 77 17; FAX: 52-52-48-24 77 20) Evonik Goldschmidt UK Ltd., Div. of Degussa, Tego House, Chippenham Drive, Kingston, Milton Keynes, Bucks, MK 10 0AF, UK (Tel: 44 1 908 582 250; FAX: 44 1 908 582 254; E-mail: [email protected]) Evonik Goldschmidt Corp., 710 South 6th Ave., Hopewell, VA, 23860, USA (Tel: 804452 5712; 800 446 1809; FAX: 804-541 6290) Evonik Stockhausen GmbH, Bäkerpfad 25, 47805 Krefeld, Germany (Tel: 49-2151-3801; FAX: 49-2151-38-1647; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.degussa-krefeld.com) Evonik Stockhausen, Inc., 2401 Doyle St., Greensboro, NC, 27406, USA (Tel: 800260-1551; FAX: 336-333-7570; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.stockhausen-inc.com/) Evonik Tego Chemie GmbH, Goldschmidtrasse 100, 45127 Essen, Germany (Tel: 49 201 173 06; FAX: 49 201 173 1939; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tego.de/index.de.html) Tego Chemie Service Italia, Via Falconera, 7, 26025 Pandino (CF), Italy (Tel: 39 0373 975 11; FAX: 39 0373 975 260; E-mail: [email protected]) Excel Industries Limited 184/87, S.V. Road, Jogeshwari (West), Mumbai, 400 102, India (Tel: 91 2256464200; FAX: 91 22-26783657; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.excelind.co.in/)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Excelpro Inc. 3760 E. 26th St., Los Angeles, CA, 900234506, USA (Tel: 323-268-1918; FAX: 323268-1993) Expocell AB Gustavsgatan 23, 21611 Limhamn, Sweden (Tel: 46 40 21 10 20; FAX: 46 40 21 10 40; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.expocell.se/) Expo Chemical Co. 6807 Theall Road, Suite A, Houston, TX, 77066, USA (Tel: 281-895-9200; 877-2583976; FAX: 281-895-9201; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.expochem.com) Extractos Andinos CA El Tablón Oe1-329 y Maldonado, Maldonado, Ecuador (Tel: 593 2 267 3101; FAX: 593 2 267 3401; Internet: http://www.extractosandinos.com/) ExxonMobil ExxonMobil Chemical Co., 13501 Katy Freeway, Houston, TX, 77079-1398, USA (Tel: 281-870-6000; 800-231-6633; FAX: 281-870-6661; Internet: http://www.exxonmobilchemical.com) ExxonMobil Mexico S.A. de C.V., Aristoteles No. 77-101, Col. Chapultepec Polanco, Mexico D.F., 11560, Mexico (Tel: 52 5 279 4800; FAX: 52 5 280 0070) ExxonMobil Quimíca, Ltda., Rua Líbero Badaró, 377 - 8o. andar, Centro, Sao PauloSP, 01009-906, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 3291 8500; FAX: 55 11 3291 8523) ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd., Cadland Road, Hardley, Hythe, Southampton, Hampshire, SO45 3NP, UK (Tel: 44 23 8089 3822; FAX: 44 03 8089 5909; Internet: http://www.exxonchemical.com) ExxonMobil Chemical France, 2, rue des Martinets, BP 270, 92569 Rueil Malmaison Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 47 10 60 00; FAX: 33 1 47 10 55 11) Esso Italiana s.r.l. - Chemical Division, Via Paleocapa 7, 20121 Milano (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 02 880 31; FAX: 39 02 880 32 31) ExxonMobil Chemical Holland BV, P.O. Box 1, 4803 AA Breda, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 76 529 26 00; FAX: 31 76 529 27 00) ExxonMobil Chemical Central Europe GmbH, Neusser Landstrasse 16, 50735 Cologne, Germany (Tel: 49 221 770 31; FAX: 49 221 770 3320) 2700

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory ExxonMobil Chemical Iberia, Avenida del Partenon 4-3a planta, 28042 Madrid, Spain (Tel: 34 91 300 92 00; FAX: 34 91 300 92 40) ExxonMobil Denmark Holdings International ApS, Gydevang 39-41, DK3450 Allerød, Denmark (Tel: 45 45990200; FAX: 45 45990280) ExxonMobil Chemical Norden AB, Box 1035, 40522 Göteborg, Sweden (Tel: 46 31 63 82 00; FAX: 46 31 15 50 08) ExxonMobil Chemical Central Europe GmbH (Moscow), ul. Malaya Ordinka, 7, 109017 Moscow, Russia (Tel: 7 095 232 2223; FAX: 7 095 926 5170) ExxonMobil Chemical Australia Pvt Ltd., Level 2, 12 Riverside Quay, Southbank, VIC, 3006, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9205 4445; 800 503 966; FAX: 61 3 9205 4433) ExxonMobil Chemical New Zealand Ltd., 164-168 Beaumont St., Freemans Bay, P.O. Box 8789, Auckland, New Zealand (Tel: 64 9 302 9172; FAX: 64 9 302 4766) ExxonMobil Chemical Singapore Pte. Ltd., 1 HabourFront Place, #06-00 HabourFront Tower One, Singapore, 098633, Singapore (Tel: 65 6885 8000; FAX: 65 6885 8405) Exxon Chemical International Services Ltd., 22nd Fl., Central Plaza, 18 Harbour Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 3197 8888; FAX: 852 3197 8345) ExxonMobil Company India Pvt. Ltd., Plot No. 5, Road No. 8, Sion (East), Export Promotion Industrial Park, Whitefield, Bangalore, 560 066, India (Tel: 91 80 841 1303; FAX: 91 80 841 0295) ExxonMobil International LLC - Taiwan Branch, Suite 805, 131 Min Sheng East Rd., Section 3, Taipei, 10446, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 2 2734 6888; FAX: 886 2 2734 6833) Exxon China Inc., 8th Fl., 818 China World Tower, China World Trade Center, No. 1, Jianguomenwai Ave., Beijing, 100004, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 6505 3880; FAX: 86 10 6505 3889) Fabrichem Inc. 2450 Reservoir Avenue, Trumbull, CT, 06611, USA (Tel: 203-372-8811; FAX: 203-3728816; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fabricheminc.com/)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fairmount Chemical Co., Inc. 117 Blanchard St., Newark, NJ, 07105, USA (Tel: 973-344-5790; 800-872-9999; FAX: 973-690-5298; E-mail: [email protected]) Fallek Chemical Co. Div. of ICC Chemical Corp., 460 Park Ave., New York, NY, 10022, USA (Tel: 212-5211700; FAX: 212-521-1794) The Fanning Corp. 2450 W. Hubbard St., Chicago, IL, 606121408, USA (Tel: 312-563-1234; FAX: 312563-0087; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fanncorp.com/) Farbest Brands Div. of Farbest-Tallman Foods Corp., 160 Summit Ave., Montvale, NJ, 07645, USA (Tel: 201-573-4900; 800-897-6096; FAX: 201-573-0404; Internet: http://www.farbest.com/) Farmacapsulas 1893 SW 3rd Street, Pompano Beach, FL, 33069, USA (Tel: 954-979-6440; 800-4406470; FAX: 954-979-6390; E-mail: [email protected]/; Internet: http://www.farmacapsulasusa.com/) FBC Industries, Inc. 500 E. Remington Rd., Suite 300, Schaumburg, IL, 60173, USA (Tel: 847-8390880; 888-FBC-INDS; FAX: 847-839-0884; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fbcindustries.com) FeF Chemicals A/S Københavnsvej 216, 4600 Køge, Denmark (Tel: 45 56 67 10 00; FAX: 45 56 67 10 01; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fefchemicals.com) Feinkost Ingredient Co. 103 Billman St., Lodl, OH, 44254, USA (Tel: 216-948-3006; FAX: 216-948-3016) Ferlow Brothers PO Box 30099, 8602 Granville St., Vancouver, B.C., V6P 6S3, Canada (Tel: 604-322-4080; FAX: 604-322-4081; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ferlowbotanicals.com/) Fermex International Ltd. E3 Blackpole Trading Estate (East), Blackpole Rd., Worcester, Worcestershire, WR3 8SG, UK (Tel: 44 1905 755811; FAX: 44 1905 754145; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fermex.co.uk/) 2701

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Ferro Ferro Corp./World Headquarters, 1000 Lakeside Ave., PO Box 147000, Cleveland, OH, 44114-7000, USA (Tel: 216-641-8580; FAX: 216-696-6958; Internet: http://www.ferro.com) Ferro Corp./Performance Pigments & Colors, 251 West Wylie Avenue, PO Box 519, Washington, PA, 15301, USA (Tel: 724-223-5900; 800-257-9799; FAX: 724223-2700; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ferro.com) Ferro Corp./Polymer Additives Div., Route 130 South, PO Box 309, Bridgeport, NJ, 08014, USA (Tel: 856-467-3000; FAX: 856467-8308; Internet: http://www.ferro.com) Ferro Mexicana, S.A. de C.V., Oriente 171 #450, Carretera Celaya Salamanca Km. 12.5, Rancho El Pintor, C.P. 38260, Mexico (Tel: 52 41-11-55-1225; FAX: 52 41-11-551186) Ferro France S.A.R.L., 43, Rue Jeanne D'Arc,, 52115 - Saint Dizier, Cedex, France (Tel: 33 32 50 73333; FAX: 33 32-5564302) Ferro (Italia) Srl, Via Regina Pacis 322, 41049 Sassuolo (MO), Italy (Tel: 39 0536-807990; FAX: 39 0536-807939) Ferro Spain S.A.., Carretera Valencia Barcelona Km 61.5, 12550 Almazora (Castellon), Spain (Tel: 34 964-50-44-50; FAX: 34 964-50-44-21) Ferro GmbH, Sauerwiesen 2, 67661 Kaiserslautern, Germany (Tel: 49 6301716680; FAX: 49 6301-7166888) Ferro (Holland) BV, Industrieweg 120, 3044 at Rotterdam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 10 4784 706; FAX: 31 10 4784 738) Ferro Corp. (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., 105-115 Cochranes Road, Moorabbin, Victoria, 3189, Australia (Tel: 61 3-9555-9466; FAX: 61 39555-7812) Ferro Japan KK, 21 Kasuminosato, Amimachi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0315, Japan (Tel: 81 29-889-2144; FAX: 81 29889-2940) Hong Kong Ferro Far East Ltd. Shanghai Rep. Office., Room 603, New Cao He Jing Tower,, No. 509 Cao Bao Road, Shanghai, 255129, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 6485 4178; FAX: 86 21 6485 5336) Ferro Industrial Product Ltd (Taiwan), Hsin Wu PO Box 19,, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 327,

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

R.O.C. (Tel: 886 3 486 1251; FAX: 886 3 486 1216) Fiberstar, Inc. 3023 15th St. SW, Willmar, MN, 56201, USA (Tel: 320-231-1829; FAX: 320-231-3741; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fiberstar.net) Fibrisol Service Ltd. 16 Colville Rd., Acton, London, W3 8TE, UK (Tel: 44 20 8993 6291; FAX: 44 20 8993 1033; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fibrisol.com) Filo Chemical Inc. 50 Broadway, New York, NY, 10004-1698, USA (Tel: 212-514-9330; 800-232-7436; FAX: 212-514-9085; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.filochemical.com/) Finetex Inc. 379 Thornall Street, Edison, NJ, 08837, USA (Tel: 732 321 3500; FAX: 732 321 3519; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.finetexinc.com) Finnish Chemicals Oy Harmajantie 3, PO Box 7, FI-32741 Äetsä, Finland (Tel: 358-204-3111; FAX: 358-204310-431; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.finnishchemicals.com) Firestone Polymers 381 W. Wilbeth Rd., Akron, OH, 44319-0006, USA (Tel: 330-379-7727; 800-282-0222; FAX: 330-379-7875; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.firesyn.com) Firmenich Firmenich Inc., PO Box 5880, Princeton, NJ, 08543, USA (Tel: 609-452-1000; 800-2579591; FAX: 609-452-6077; Internet: http://www.firmenich.com/) Firmenich UK Ltd., Hayes Rd., Southall, Middlesex, UB2 5NN, UK (Tel: 44 208 843 6111; FAX: 44 208 843 6471) Firmenich S.A., PO Box 239, CH-1211 Geneva 8, Switzerland (Tel: 41 22 780 2211; FAX: 41 22 343 7322) Nihon Fermenich K.K., Kowa kawasaki Nishiguchi Bldg., 66-2, Horikawacho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 2120013, Japan (Tel: 81 44 543 61 11; FAX: 81 44 541 90 70)

2702

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Firmenich Ltd., 73 Kenneth Road, Balgowlah, NSW, 2093, Australia (Tel: 61 2 99 07 93 44; FAX: 61 2 99 07 97 21) Firmenich Aromatics Pte. Ltd./Taiwan Representative Office, 13F-7, No 271, Sec 4, Shi Men Road, Tainan City, 704, Taiwan, R.O.C. (Tel: 886 6 282 73 37; FAX: 886 6 282 73 41) Firmenich Asia Private Ltd., No 10 Tuas West Road, Singapore, 638377, Republic of Singapore (Tel: 65 6347 2888; FAX: 65 6863 4687) Firmenich of Canada Ltd., 30 Finley Road, Brampton, Ontario, L6T 1A9, Canada (Tel: 905-457-4490; FAX: 905-457-4818) Firmenich S.A.I.C. y F., Colectora Panamericana Este 25.201, Don Torcuato B1611DFE, Pcia de Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54 11 4748 52 00; FAX: 54 11 4741 35 92) Firmenich de Mexico S.A. de C.V., Louisiana 80, Col. Nápoles, Delegación Benito Juárez, 03810 México, D.F., Mexico (Tel: 52 555 340 20 00; FAX: 52 555 543 42 28) Fisher Scientific Fisher Scientific USA, 2000 Park Lane Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15275-1126, USA (Tel: 412490-8300; 800-766-7000; FAX: 800-9261166; 412-490-8759; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp) Fisher Scientific UK, Bishop Meadow Rd., Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 5RG, UK (Tel: 44 1509 231166; FAX: 44 1509 231893; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fisher.co.uk) Flamma Spa Via Bedeschi, 22, 24040 Chignolo D'Isola (BG), Italy (Tel: 39 035 49 91 811; FAX: 39 035 49 91 812; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.flamma.it) Flavex Naturextrakte GmbH Nordstrasse 7, PO Box 1140, 66780 Rehlingen, Germany (Tel: 49 6835 9195 0; FAX: 49 6835 9195 95; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.flavex.com) Fleurchem, Inc. 33 Sprague Ave., Middletown, NY, 10940, USA (Tel: 845-341-2100; FAX: 845-3412121; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fleurchem.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Florachem Corp. 5209 San Jose Blvd., Suite 202, Jacksonville, FL, 32207, USA (Tel: 904-733-5759; 800305-1926; FAX: 904-733-5950; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.florachem.com) Floratech Americas 291 East El Prado Court, Chandler, AZ, 85225, USA (Tel: 480-545-7000; FAX: 480-8923000; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.floratech.com) Florida Chemical Co., Inc. 351 Winter Haven Blvd. NE, Winter Haven, FL, 33881-9432, USA (Tel: 863-294-8483; FAX: 863-294-7783; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.floridachemical.com) Florida Food Prods., Inc./Aloe Div. 2231 W. Hwy. 44, PO Box 1300, Eustis, FL, 32727-1300, USA (Tel: 352-357-4141; 800874-2331; FAX: 352-483-3192; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.floridafood.com/) Fluka Chemical Corp. 1001 West St. Paul, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA (Tel: 414-273-3850; 800-558-9160; FAX: 414-273-4979; Internet: http://www.sigma-aldrich.com) Fluorochem Ltd. Wesley St., Old Glossop, Derbyshire, SK13 7RY, UK (Tel: 44 1457 868921; FAX: 44 1457 869360; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fluorochem.net) FMC FMC Corp./Chemical Products Group, 1735 Market St., Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA (Tel: 215-299-6000; 800-845-0187; FAX: 215-299-6728; Internet: http://www.fmcchemicals.com) FMC Biopolymer, 1735 Market St., Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA (Tel: 215299-6000; 800-526-3649; FAX: 215-2996291; Internet: http://www.fmcbiopolymer.com) FMC Corp./Lithium Div., Seven LakePointe Plaza, 2801 Yorkmont Road, Suite 300, Charlotte, NC, 28208, USA (Tel: 704-8685300; 888-LITHIUM; FAX: 704-868-5370; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fmclithium.com) FMC Química do Brasil Ltda, Galeria Plaza, Av. Dr. Jose Bonifacio, Coutinho Nogueira 2703

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 150-1°A, Campinas, SP, 13091-611, Brazil (Tel: 55-19-3735-4465; FAX: 55-19-37354480) FMC Corp./Specialty Chem. Group, Wallingstown, Little Island, Cork, Ireland (Tel: 353 21 435 4133; FAX: 353 21 435 3057) FMC Belgium/Specialty Chemicals Group, Avenue Mounier, 83, 1200 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2-775 8311; FAX: 32 2-775 8300; Internet: http://www.fmcchemicals.com) FMC Europe S.A., Route des Clerimois, B.P. 705, 89107 Sens Cedex, France (Tel: 33 3 86 95 87 00; FAX: 33 3 86 95 19 16) FMC A/S, Risingvej 1, 2665 Vallensbaek Strand, Denmark (Tel: 45 43 56 7300; FAX: 45 43 56 7341) FMC Industrial Chemicals (Netherlands) B.V., Oosterhorn 14, Box 153, 9930 AD Delfzijl, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 596 642 333; FAX: 31 596 642 300) FMC Foret SA, Plaza Xavier Cugat, 2, Edificio C, planta 3a, Parque Oficinas Sant Cugat Nord, 08174 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 4 167 400; FAX: 34 93 4 167 403; Internet: http://www.fmcforet.com/) FMC Italia S.p.A., Via Mantova 63/A, Box 333, 43100 Parma, Italy (Tel: 39 0521 908 411; FAX: 39 0521 800781) FMC Asia-Pacific, Inc., 1/F, Kirslon House, Saki Vihar Rd., Saki Naka, Mumbai, 400 072, India (Tel: 91 22 850 0395; FAX: 91 22 850 0398) FMC Asia-Pacific, Inc./Specialty Chemicals Group, Room 105, Innovation Building, 1009 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P.R. China (Tel: (86 21) 5427 1177; FAX: 86 21) 5427 0193) FMC Japan/Specialty Chemical Group, 9/F Aoyama Building, 1-2-3 Kita Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-0061, Japan (Tel: 81 3-3402-3728) FMC Singapore, 85 Science Park Drive, #0208 The Cavendish; Singapore Science Park, Singapore, 11859, Singapore (Tel: 656-8722920; FAX: 656-872-2927) FMC Korea Ltd., 7th Floor, Hwanghwa Building, 832-7 Yeoksam-Dong, Seoul, 135080, Korea (Tel: 82 2 539 6411; FAX: 82 2 567 4662)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Focus Chemical Corp. 875 Greenland Rd., Orchard Park, Suite B9, Portsmouth, NH, 03801-4122, USA (Tel: 603-430-9802; FAX: 603-431-5390; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.focuschemical.com/) FONA International FONA International Inc., 1900 Averill Road, Geneva, IL, 60134, USA (Tel: 630-5788600; 800-308-FONA; FAX: 630-578-8601; Internet: http://www.fona.com/) FONA International Canada ULC, 2447 Anson Drive, Unit 2, Mississauga, Ontario, L5S 1G1, Canada (Tel: 905-677-3439; FAX: 905-677-5119) Flavors Select de FONA, Eulogio Parra 2422, Col. Ladrón De Guevara, 44600 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Tel: 52 (33) 3630.2594; FAX: 52 (33) 3630.2481) FONA International UK Ltd., Virginia Works, Greenwich Way, Meridian Park, Andover, SP10 4JX, UK (Tel: 44 1 6305 788551) Fontarome Chemical, Inc. 4170 S. Nevada St., St. Francis, WI, 53235, USA (Tel: 414-744-3993; 888-625-6500; FAX: 414-744-7111; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fontaromechemical.com) Fonterra Fonterra NZ - Ingredients, Private Bag 92032, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand (Tel: 64 9 374 9000; FAX: 64 9 300 3415; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fonterra.com) Fonterra, 100 Corporate Center Drive, Suite 101, Camp Hill, PA, 17011-1758, USA (Tel: 717-920-4000; FAX: 717-920-4089; E-mail: [email protected]) Food Ingredient Technology Ltd. HiTec House, Sand Rd. Industrial Estate, Great Gransden, Bedfordshire, SG19 3AH, UK (Tel: 44 1767 677666; FAX: 44 1767 677966; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fit-ltd.com) The Foote & Jenks Corp. 1420 Crestmont Ave., Camden, NJ, 08103, USA (Tel: 856-966-0700; 800-966-7838; FAX: 856-966-6137; Internet: http://www.footeandjenks.com/) Foremost Farms USA E10889A Penny Lane, PO Box 111, Baraboo, WI, 53913-0111, USA (Tel: 608-355-8700; 800-362-9196; FAX: 608-355-8695; E-mail: 2704

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.foremostfarms.com/) Formosa Laboratories, Inc. 36-1, Hoping St., Luchu Hsiang, Taoyuan County, 338, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 3 3240895; FAX: 886 3 3240923; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.formosalab.com/) Forrester Wood & Co. Ltd. Hawksley Ind. Estate, Heron St., Hollinwood, Oldham, Lancashire, OL8 4UJ, UK (Tel: 44 161 620 4124; FAX: 44 161 627 1050; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.forresterwood.com/) Fortitech Inc. Riverside Technology Park, 2105 Technology Dr., Schenectady, NY, 12308, USA (Tel: 518-372-5155; 800-950-5156; FAX: 518372-5599; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fortitech.com/) Forum Bioscience Part of Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Forum House, 4151 Brighton Rd., Redhill, Surrey, RH1 6YS, UK (Tel: 44 1737 773711; FAX: 44 1737 773116; Internet: http://www.forum.co.uk) Framptons Ltd. 76 Charlton Rd., Shepton Mallet, Somerset, BA4 5PD, UK (Tel: 44 1749 341000; FAX: 44 1749 341001; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.framptons.ltd.uk) Franklin Industrial Minerals Franklin Industrial Minerals, Div. of Franklin Industries, 612 Tenth Ave. North, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA (Tel: 615-259-4222; 800626-8147; FAX: 615-726-2693; Internet: http://www.frankmin.com) Franklin Industrial Minerals/Specialty Products Div., 821 Tilton Bridge Rd. SE, Dalton, GA, 30720, USA (Tel: 706-2773740; 800-872-3740; FAX: 706-277-9827; Internet: http://www.frankmin.com) Freeman Industries, L.L.C. 100 Marbledale Rd., PO Box 415, Tuckhoe, NY, 10707-0415, USA (Tel: 914-961-2100; 800-666-6454; FAX: 914-961-5793; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.freemanllc.com) French's Ingredients 4343 E. Mustard Way, Springfield, MO, 658062453, USA (Tel: 417-837-1813; 800-4424733; FAX: 417-837-1801; E-mail: [email protected]; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Internet: http://www.frenchsflavoringredients.com/ ) Fresenius Pharma Austria GmbH Hafnerstrasse 36, A-8055 Graz, Austria (Tel: 43 316 249 0; FAX: 43 316 249 408; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fresenius-kabi.at) Freund Chemical Co., Ltd. 6-8-1 Shinjuku Oak-Tower 34F, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 163-6034,, Japan (Tel: 81-3-5908-2616; FAX: 81-3-5908-2638; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.freund.co.jp) Friesland Foods Domo Hanzeplein 25, 8017 JD Zwolle, P.O. Box 449, 8000 AK Zwolle, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 38 46 77 444; FAX: 31 38 46 77 555; Internet: http://www.domo.nl/) Frinton Laboratories, Inc. PO Box 2428, Vineland, NJ, 08362, USA (Tel: 856-722-7037; 877-374-6866; FAX: 856439-1977; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.frinton.com) Frutarom Frutarom Ltd., 25 HaShaish St., PO Box 10067, Haifa, 26110, Israel (Tel: 972 4 846 2462; FAX: 972 4 872 2517; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.frutarom.com/) Frutarom (UK) Ltd., Belasis Ave., Billingham,, Cleveland, Hertsfordshire, TS23 1LQ, UK (Tel: 44 1642 379 900; FAX: 44 1642 379 901; E-mail: [email protected]) Frutarom (UK) Ltd. Fine Ingreds. Div., Belasis Ave., Billingham, Cleveland, TS23 1LQ, UK (Tel: 44 1642 379 900; FAX: 44 1642 379 901; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.frutarom.com) Frutarom (UK) Ltd. Flavors Div., 3 Henson Way, Kingsthorne Park, Kettering, NN16 8PX, UK (Tel: 44 1536 532 300; FAX: 44 1536 532 301; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.frutarom.com) Frutarom France SARL Ltd., 5, Rue Louis Neel, F-21000, Dijon, France (Tel: 33 3 80 73 93 93; FAX: 33 3 80 73 16 20; E-mail: [email protected]) Frutarom Russia, Yakovo-Apostolsky street corner, 7, 1, 105064 Moscow, Russia (Tel: 7 095 917 4893; FAX: 7 095 916 1689; Email: [email protected]) 2705

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Frutarom Gida Urunleri San. Ve Tic. Ltd., Emek Mad. Ordu Cad. Sivat Yolu No. 8/2, Sarigazi, Umraniye, Istanbul, 81260, Turkey (Tel: 90 216 466 6090; FAX: 90 216 466 6091; E-mail: [email protected]) Frutarom Inc., 9500 Railroad Ave., N. Bergen, NJ, 07047-1206, USA (Tel: 201-861-9500; 800-526-7147; FAX: 201-861-4323; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.frutarom.com) Frutarom Switzerland Ltd./Food Systems, Flavors & Extracts, Rütiwisstrasse 7, 8820 Wädenswil (Zürich), Switzerland (Tel: 41 44 782 64 64; FAX: 41 44 782 64 66; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.frutarom.com) Frutarom Flavors (Kunshan) Co. Ltd., 115 Xiang Shi Rd., Dianshanhu Town, Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province, 215345, P.R. China (Tel: 86 512 5748 1357; FAX: 86 512 5748 1561; E-mail: [email protected]) Fuerst Day Lawson Devon House, 58-60 St Katharine's Way, London, E1W 1JP, UK (Tel: 44 20 7488 0777; FAX: 44 20 7265 5285; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fdl.co.uk) Fujian Sanming Chen Da Ming Fu Agaragar Manufactory Sanming chen Da Bi Yu Rd., No. 36 Bldg., Fujian, 365009, P.R. China (Tel: 86 598 8365923; FAX: 86 598 8365688) Fuji Chemical Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 55 Yokohoonjii Kamiichi-machi, Nakaniikawagun, 930-0397, Japan (Tel: 81 76-472-2323; FAX: 81 76-472-2330; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fujichemical.co.jp) Fuji Chemical Industries (USA), Inc., 7-B Marlen Dr., Robbinsville, NJ, USA (Tel: 609890-2490; FAX: 609-890-2495) Fuji Oil Europe Kuhlmannlaan 36, 9042 Gent, Belgium (Tel: 32 9 341 77 66; FAX: 32 9 343 07 18; E-mail: [email protected] ; Internet: http://www.fujioileurope.com/) Fuji Silysia Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd., 2-1846 Kozojicho, Kasugai-shi, Aichi-ken, 487-0013, Japan (Tel: 81 568 51 2511; FAX: 81 568 51 8557; Internet: http://www.fujisilysia.co.jp/) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd., PO Box 14434, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA (Tel: 919-484-4158; FAX: 919-544-5090; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fujisilysia.co.jp/english/index.html) H.B. Fuller H.B. Fuller Co., 1200 Willow Lake Boulevard, P.O. Box 64683, St. Paul, MN, 55164-0683, USA (Tel: 651-236-5900; 800-HBFULLER; FAX: 651-236-3128; Internet: http://www.hbfuller.com) H.B. Fuller UK Ltd., Globe Lane Industrial Estate, Dukinfield, GB - Cheshire, SK 16 4XE, UK (Tel: 44 800-38553711; FAX: 44 800 8882 8882) H.B. Fuller GmbH, An Der Roten Bleiche 2-3, D-21335 Lüneburg, Germany (Tel: 49 4131 705 0; FAX: 49 4131 705 227) H.B. Fuller Italia S.r.l., S.R.211 della Lomellina, Km 63, 233, I - 28071 Borgolavezzaro (No), Italy (Tel: 39 (0) 321 88 88 00; FAX: 39 (0) 321 88 88 02) Functional Foods Corp. 470 Rt. 9, Englishtown, NJ, 07726, USA (Tel: 732-972-2232; 800-442-9524; FAX: 732536-9179; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.functionalfoods.com) Fuso Chemical Co., Ltd. 5F, Nissei Fushimi-machi Bldg. Shinkan, 4-310, Koraibashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-0043, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6203 4721; FAX: 81 6 6222 3296; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fusokk.co.jp) Gadot Biochemical Industries Gadot Biochemical Industries Ltd., 117 Hahistadrut St., PO Box 10636, Haifa Bay, 26118, Israel (Tel: 972 4 846 1555; FAX: 972 4 846 1560; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gadotbio.com) Gadot Bio-Chem (Europe) B.V., Hoefsmidstraat 41, 3194 AA Hoogvliet, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 10 2961096; FAX: 31 10 5012850; E-mail: [email protected]) Gadot Bio-Chem (USA) Inc., c/o J. Stewart & Co., 1130 West Lake Cook Road, Ste. 320, Buffalo Grove, IL, 60008, USA (Tel: 888424-1424; FAX: 847-419-7765; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gadotbio.com) 2706

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Galactic Galactic, Chaussee de St. Job 12, 1180 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 332 1400; FAX: 32 2 332 1611; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lactic.com/) Galactic Inc., P.O. Box 090424, 2700 W. Silver Spring Dr., Milwaukee, WI, 53209, (Tel: 414-462-1990; 866-4-LACTIC; FAX: 414-462-2070) Galbraith Laboratories, Inc. 2323 Sycamore Dr., PO Box 51610, Knoxville, TN, 37950-1610, USA (Tel: 865-546-1335; 877-449-8797; FAX: 865-546-7209; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.galbraith.com) Gallaher Group Plc Members Hill, Brooklands Road, Weybridge, Surrey, KT13 0QU, UK (Tel: 44 1932 859777; FAX: 44 1932 372508; Internet: http://www.gallaher-group.com) Garuda International Inc. PO Box 44380, Lemon Cove, CA, 93244-0380, USA (Tel: 559-594-4380; FAX: 559-5944689; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.garudaint.com) Gattefossé Gattefossé France, Parc des Barbanniers, 5 Promenade de la Bonnette, 92632, GENNEVILLIERS, France (Tel: 33 1 41 47 19 00; FAX: 33 1 41 47 19 29; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gattefosse.fr) Gattefossé (Deutschland) GmbH, Rheincenter, Hauptstrasse 435, 79576 WeilAm-Rhein, Germany (Tel: 49 76 21 720 07; FAX: 49 76 21 79 22 93; E-mail: [email protected]) Gattefossé A.G., Haldenstrasse 11, 6006 Luzern, Switzerland (Tel: 41 41 418 40 44; FAX: 41 41 418 40 59; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gattefosse.ch) Gattefosse (UK) Ltd., Arc House, Terrace Rd. South, Binfield, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 4PZ, UK (Tel: 44 1344 86 18 00; FAX: 44 1344 45 14 00; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gattefosse-uk.com) Gattefossé Italia s.r.l., Via Derganino 20, 20158 Milan, Italy (Tel: 39 2 39 31 40 73; FAX: 39 2 66 200 440; E-mail:

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.gattefosse.it) Gattefossé España, S.A., Avda. Diagonal 460, 6°A, 08006 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 416 05 20; FAX: 34 93 415 35 46; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gattefosse.es) Gattefosse Corp., 650 From Rd., Paramus, NJ, 07652, USA (Tel: 201-265-4800; FAX: 201-265-4853; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gattefossecorp.com) Gattefosse Canada, Inc., 170 Attwell Dr., Ste. 580, Toronto, Ontario, M9W 5Z5, Canada (Tel: 416 243 5019; FAX: 416 243 8628; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gattefosse.ca) Gaylord Chemical Co. PO Box 1209, 106 Galeria Blvd., Slidell, LA, 70459-1209, USA (Tel: 504-649-5464; 800426-6620; FAX: 504-649-0068; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gaylordchem.com) GCA Chemical Corp. 3655 Cortez Road West, Suite 120, Bradenton, FL, 34210, USA (Tel: 941-7486090; FAX: 941-748-0194) G.C.I. Nutrients 1501 Adrian Rd., Burlingame, CA, 94010, USA (Tel: 650-697-4700; FAX: 650-697-6300; Internet: http://www.gcinutrients.com/) GDL International Inc. 3715 Beck Rd., Bldg. C, P.O. Box 6301, St. Joseph, MO, 64506, USA (Tel: 816-3643520; 877-435-8700; FAX: 816-364-0764; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gdlinternational.com) Gee Lawson Chemical Melville House, 8-12 Woodhouse Road, London, N12 0RG, UK (Tel: 44 20 8343 5400; FAX: 44 20 8445 7529; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.geelawson.co.uk) Gehring Montgomery, Inc. 710 Louis Dr., Warminster, PA, 18974, USA (Tel: 215-957-1234; FAX: 215-957-1311; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gehring-montgomery.com) Gelest Inc. 11 East Steel Road, Morrisville, PA, 19067, USA (Tel: 215-547-1015; FAX: 215-5472707

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 2484; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gelest.com) Gelita P.O. Box 927 Sioux City, Sioux City, IA, 51102, USA (Tel: 712-943-5516; 8884GELITA; FAX: 712-943-3372; Internet: http://www.gelita.com) General Alum & Chemical Corp. (GAC Chemical Corp.) 34 Kidder Point Road, PO Box 436, Searsport, ME, 04974, USA (Tel: 207-548-2525; 800537-7561; FAX: 207-548-2891; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gacchemical.com) General Chemical Corp. A GenTek Company, 90 East Halsey Rd., Parsippany, NJ, 07054-0397, USA (Tel: 973-515-0900; 800-631-8050; FAX: 973515-3232; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.genchemcorp.com) General Electric General Electric Co./Plastics, One Plastics Ave., Pittsfield, MA, 01201, USA (Tel: 413448-7110; 800-845-0600; FAX: 800-4332925; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.geplastics.com) GE Plastics–China, General Electric (USA) China Co., Ltd., 6F West Wing, Hanwei Plaza, No. 7, Guanghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, P.R. China (Tel: 86-10 65611166; FAX: 86-10 65611168) GE Silicones Canada, Inc., 2300 Meadowvale Blvd., Mississauga, Ontario, L5N 5P9, Canada (Tel: 416-858-5741; 800332-3390; Internet: http://www.gesilicones.com) GE Silicones Latin America, Av. Prolongacion Reforma, #490-Piso 4, Col. Santa Fe, Mexico D.F., 01207, Mexico (Tel: 52 5 257 6095; FAX: 52 5 257 6094; Internet: http://www.gesilicones.com) GE Silicones Korea, c/o Dongyang Silicones Company, Ltd., GEPK Bldg. 4th Floor, 231-8 Nonhyun-dong, Seoul,, 135-010, Korea (Tel: 82-2-518-2626; FAX: 82-2-517-2646) GE Silicones Hong Kong, 25/F, Shell Tower, Times Square, 1 Matheson Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Tel: 852-2884-6003) GE Toshiba Silicones, Roppongi 6-2-31, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 106-8550,, Japan (Tel: 81-276-20-6182) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

GE Toshiba Silicones Co, Ltd, 25/F, Shell Tower, Times Square, 1 Matheson Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Tel: 852-2884-6003) GE Toshiba Silicones Singapore, 240 Tanjong Pagar Rd. #05-00, GE Tower, Singapore, 088540, Singapore (Tel: 656326-3918) General Electric Silicones, Subsid. of GE Plastics, 260 Hudson River Rd., Waterford, NY, 12188, USA (Tel: 518-233-3330; 800505-7355; FAX: 518-233-2308; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gesilicones.com) Generichem Corp. 755 Union Blvd., PO Box 457, Totowa, NJ, 07511-0457, USA (Tel: 973-256-9266; FAX: 973-256-0069; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.generichem.com/) Genesee Polymers Corp. G-4099 South Dort Highway, Burton, MI, 48507-4036, USA (Tel: 810-715-5018; FAX: 810-742-8581; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gpcsilicones.com) Genzyme Genzyme Corp., 500 Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139-1562, USA (Tel: 617-252-7500; 800-868-8208; FAX: 617252-7600; Internet: http://www.genzyme.com) Genzyme NV/SA (Benelux), Ikaroslaan 53, B1930 Zaventem, Belgium (Tel: 32 2714 1711; FAX: 32 2714 1707) Genzyme Tokyo, 9F, Ichigaya-Tokyu Bldg., 42-1 Kudan-Kita, Tokyo, 102-0073, Japan (Tel: 81-3-3230-8280; FAX: 81-3-32308397; Internet: http://www.genzyme.co.jp/) Georgia Gulf Corp. 115 Perimeter Center Terrace, Suite 460, Atlanta, GA, 30346, USA (Tel: 770 3954500; FAX: 770 395-4529; Internet: http://www.ggc.com/) Georgia-Pacific Resins/Actrachem Operations 7201 W. 65th St., Bedford Park, IL, 60638, USA (Tel: 708-458-8450; 800-323-3231; FAX: 708-458-0286; Internet: http://www.gp.com/chemical) Geo Specialty Chemicals Geo Specialty Chemicals, 401 South Earl, Suite 3A, Lafayette, IN, 47904, USA (Tel: 765-448-9412; FAX: 765-448-6728; E-mail: 2708

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.geosc.com) Geo Specialty Chemicals/Specialty Additives Group, 340 Mathers Rd., Ambler, PA, 19002-3420, USA (Tel: 215-773-9280; 888-519-3883; FAX: 215-773-9310; Internet: http://www.geosc.com) GFS Chemicals, Inc. PO Box 245, 3041 Home Rd., Powell, OH, 43065, USA (Tel: 740-881-5501; 877-5340795; FAX: 740-881-5989; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gfschemicals.com/) G.H. Chemicals Ltd. 1550 Brouillette St., PO Box 456, St. Hyacinthe, Quebec, J2S 7B8, Canada (Tel: 450-774-9151; FAX: 450-771-0457; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ghchemicals.com/) Giles Chemical Corp. PO Box 370, 102 Commerce St., Waynesville, NC, 28786, USA (Tel: 704-452-4784; FAX: 704-452-4786; Internet: http://www.gileschemical.com/) Giulini BK Giulini Chemie GmbH & Co. OHG, Giulinistrasse 2, 67065 Ludwigshafen/Rhein, Germany (Tel: 49 6 21 57 09 01; FAX: 49 6 21 57 09 452; Internet: http://www.bk-giulini.com/e-index1.htm) BK Giulini Corp., 3695 Alamo St., Suite 203, Simi Valley, CA, 93063, USA (Tel: 805-5811979; FAX: 805-581-2139; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bkgiulinicorp.com) BK Argentina S.A., Vuelta de Obligado 2596, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54 11 4783 8683; FAX: 54 11 4787 3772; E-mail: [email protected]) Givaudan Givaudan Fragrances Corp., 1775 Windsor Rd., Teaneck, NJ, 07666, USA (Tel: 201833-7500; FAX: 201-833-8165; Internet: http://www.givaudan.com) Givaudan Canada Inc., 2400 Matheson Blvd. East, Mississauga, Ontario, L4W 5G9, Canada (Tel: 905-282-9808; FAX: 905-2829972) Givaudan-Quest International Flavors and Fragrances Inc., 10 Painters Mill Rd., Owings Mills, MD, 21117-3686, USA (Tel: 410-363-2550; FAX: 410-363-4974) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Givaudan-Quest International Flavors and Fragrances, Inc/Fragrances Div., 400 International Drive, Mt. Olive, NJ, 07828, USA (Tel: 973-691-7100; 800-598-5986; FAX: 973-691-6871) Givaudan-Quest International Nederland B.V., Huizerstraatweg 28, 1411 GP Naarden, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 35 699 9111; FAX: 31 35 694 6067; Internet: http://www.givaudan.com/givcom/) Givaudan Nederland BV, Nijverheidsweg 60, P.O. Box 414, 3770 AK Barneveld, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 342 410 411; FAX: 31 342 416 605) Givaudan Schweiz AG, Ueberlandstrasse 138, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland (Tel: 41 44 824 2424; FAX: 41 44 824 2926) Givaudan France Fragrances SAS, 19-23 Voie des Bans, B.P. 98, 95102 Argenteuil, France (Tel: 33 1 39 98 15 15; FAX: 33 1 39 98 17 13) Quest International France S.A.S. , 42 Rue de la Reine Henriette, Colombes, 92704, France (Tel: 33 1 47865555; FAX: 33 1 47865599) Givaudan-Quest International Division of ICI España S.A., Edificio Conata I, Fructuos Gelabert, 2-4, 08970 Sant Joan Despi (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 93 4808910; FAX: 34 93 4770322) Givaudan UK Ltd/Flavors, Chippenham Drive, Kingston, MK10 OAE, MK10 OAE, UK (Tel: 44 1908 242 424; FAX: 44 1908 282 232) Givaudan UK Ltd./Fragrances, Magna House, 76-80 Church St., Staines, Middx., TW18 4XR, UK (Tel: 44 1784 417 700; FAX: 44 1784 417 730) Givaudan-Quest International Flavours and Fragrances Ltd., Kennington Road, Ashford, Kent, TN24 0LT, UK (Tel: 44 1233 644444; FAX: 44 1233 644146) Givaudan UK Ltd./Fragrance Div., Magna House, 76-80 Church Street, Staines, Middlesex, TW18 4XR, UK (Tel: 44 1784 417 700; FAX: 44 1784 417 730) Givaudan Iberica S.A., Pla d'en Batlle s/n, 08470 Sant Celoni, Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 864 1000; FAX: 34 93 867 0319; Internet: http://www.givaudan.com) Givaudan Japan K.K., 2-3-23 Shimomeguro, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-0064, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3493 3781; FAX: 81 3 3493 3786) 2709

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Givaudan-Quest International Japan K.K., 1-11-9 Senbahigashi, Minoo-shi, Osaka, 562-8586, Japan (Tel: 81 72 7309800; FAX: 81 45 8123169) Givaudan Singapore Pte Ltd, 1 Woodlands Avenue 8, Singapore, 738972, Singapore (Tel: 65 6751 9100; FAX: 65 6759 1291) Givaudan (India) Ltd, Bonanza Bldg 401-410, Sahar Plaza Complex, A Wing, M.V. Road, Jigani 562106, 400 059, India (Tel: 91 22 830 0030; FAX: 91 22 830 0060) Givaudan-Quest International India Ltd., Phoenix House 'B' Wing, 1st Floor, Lower Parel, Mumbai, 400 013, India (Tel: 91 22 4625700; FAX: 91 22 4625751) Givaudan-Quest International Argentina S.A., San Lorenzo 4759, Esquina Ave Mitre; 1605 Munro Prov., Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54 11 4762 9000; FAX: 54 11 4762 9010) Givaudan-Quest International Australia Pty. Ltd., 12 Britton St., Smithfield, NSW, 2164, Australia (Tel: 61 2 98274000; FAX: 61 2 98274043) G.J. Chemical Co. Inc. 370-376 Adams St., Newark, NJ, 07114, USA (Tel: 973-589-1450; FAX: 973-589-5786; Internet: http://www.gjchemical.com/) Glanbia Nutritionals Glanbia Nutritionals, Inc., 523 6th Street, Monroe, WI, 53566, USA (Tel: 608 329 2800; 800 336 2183; FAX: 608 329 2828; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.glanbianutritionals.com) Glanbia Nutritionals, Inc., Av. Cândido de Abreu 660, Cj. 1008, Centro Cívico, Curitiba-Paraná-, 80530-000, Brazil (Tel: 55 41 30182111; E-mail: [email protected]) Global Chemsources, Inc. PO Box 69, Cedar Grove, NJ, 07009, USA (Tel: 203-762-9901; FAX: 203-762-8589; Internet: http://www.globalchemsources.com) Global-Seven Inc. 6 Park Dr., Franklin, NJ, 07416, USA (Tel: 973-209-7474; 888-888-0720; FAX: 973209-6108; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.globalseven.com/) Glorybee Natural Sweeteners Inc. 120 N. Seneca, PO Box 2744, Eugene, OR, 97402, USA (Tel: 541-689-0913; 800-456Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

7923; FAX: 541-689-9692; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.glorybee.com/glorybee/Index. html) Glucona Glucona America, Inc., Independent company in the AVEBE Group, 114 East Conde St., Janesville, WI, 53546-3054, (Tel: 608-752-0449; FAX: 608-752-7643) Glucona BV, Van Beresteynstraat 14, PO Box 15, 9641 AB Veendam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 598 66 53 70; FAX: 31 598 66 53 85) G.M. Associates PO Box 261, Linmeyer, Johannesburg, 2105, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 11 672 2666; FAX: 27 11 672 2616; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gempolym.com/) GMI Products Inc. 1301 Sawgrass Corp. Pkwy., Sunrise, FL, 33323, USA (Tel: 954-233-2500; 800-9999373; FAX: 954-233-1681; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gmi-originates.com/) Goldlink Industries Co., Ltd. 17/F, 258 Zhong Shan Rd., Wuxi, P.R. China (Tel: 86 510 2724440; FAX: 86 510 2700472; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.goldlinkindustries.com) Goldschmidt Industrial Chemicals Corp. PO Box 279, 941 Robinson Highway, McDonald, PA, 15057-2213, USA (Tel: 724796-1511; 800-426-7273; FAX: 724-7963160; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gicc-usa.com) Good Food Inc. 4960 Horseshoe Pike, PO Box 160, Honey Brook, PA, 19344, USA (Tel: 610-273-3776; 800-327-4406; FAX: 610-273-2087; E-mail: [email protected]) The Good Scents Co. 1977 E Montana Ave, Oak Creek, WI, 53154, USA (Tel: 414-764-2659; FAX: 414-7646035; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/ ) Graham Chemical Corp. 1250 South Grove Ave., Suite 206, Barrington, IL, 60010, USA (Tel: 837-304-4400; FAX: 2710

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 837-304-8752; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.grahamchemical.com) Grain Processing Corp. 1600 Oregon St., Muscatine, IA, 52761-1494, USA (Tel: 563-264-4211; FAX: 563-2644289; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.grainprocessing.com) Grau Aromatics GmbH & Co. KG Bismarckstrasse 4, 73525 Schwabisch Gmünd, Germany (Tel: 49 7171 9114 0; FAX: 49 7171 9114 10; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.grau-aromatics.de/) Graver Technologies Div. of The Graver Co., 200 Lake Dr., Glasgow, DE, 19702, USA (Tel: 302-7311700; FAX: 302-731-1707; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gravertech.com/) Graymor Chemical Co., Inc. 2204 Morris Avenue, Suite 308, Union, NJ, 07083, USA (Tel: 908-964-5100; FAX: 908964-9292; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.graymorusa.com/) Great Salt Lake Minerals Corp. (GSL) Subsid. of Compass Minerals Group (CMG), 9900 W 109th Street, Suite 600, Overland Park, KS, 66210, USA (Tel: 913-344-9300; 800-551-8216; FAX: 913-338-7906; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gslminerals.com/) Great Western Inorganics, Inc. 17400 Hwy. 72, Arvada, CO, 80007, USA (Tel: 303-423-9770; FAX: 303-423-9772; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.greatwesterninorganics.com) Gredmann Gredmann USA, 390 Utah Street, San Franscisco, CA, 94103, USA (Tel: 415-861 8002; FAX: 415-861 8006; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gredmann.com/) Gredmann China, Rm 2012, 20/F Bank of American Plaza, 555 Ren Min Zhong Rd., Guangzhou, P.R. China (Tel: 86 20 8130 1411; FAX: 86 20 8130 2269; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gredmann.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Gresco Mfg., Inc. 216 E. Hollyhill Rd., Thomasville, NC, 27360, USA (Tel: 336-475-8101; FAX: 336-4750100) Grillo-Werke AG Postfach 11 02 65, Weseler Strasse 1, 47142 Duisburg, Germany (Tel: 49 203 5557 1; FAX: 49 203 5557 440; Internet: http://www.grillo.de) Grillo Zinkoxid Grillo Zinkoxid GmbH, Subsid. of Grillo Group, Postfach 2120, Halberstädter Straße 15, D-38644 Goslar, Germany (Tel: 49 5321 68128; FAX: 49 5321 681 17; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.grillo.de/ezoxid/mzoxide.htm) Grillo Zinkoxid (UK) Ltd., Burry Port, Carms, SA16 0LY, UK (Tel: 44 1554 836161; FAX: 44 1554 836162; E-mail: [email protected]) GuiZhou Essence Fine Chemicals Ltd. Co. GanHeBa,QingZhen, GuiZhou, China (Tel: 86 851 2569016; FAX: 86 851 25690156; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.eschemical.com) Gujarat Organics Ltd. 3A, Barodawala Mansion, 81, Dr. A. B. Road, Worli, Mumbai, 400018, India (Tel: 91 22 2493 8687; FAX: 91 22 2497 4886; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gujaratorganics.com) Gulbrandsen Mfg., Inc. 183 Gulbrandsen Rd., Orangeburg, SC, 29115, USA (Tel: 803-531-2413; FAX: 803536-5977) Gulf Chemical International Corp. 2925 Briarpark, Ste. 130, Houston, TX, 770423715, USA (Tel: 713-783-7081; FAX: 713783-2479; E-mail: [email protected]) Gumix International Inc. 2160 N. Central Rd., Fort Lee, NJ, 070247552, USA (Tel: 201-947-6300; 8002GUMIX2; FAX: 201-947-9265) Gum Technology Corp. 509 W. Wetmore Rd., Tucson, AZ, 85705, USA (Tel: 520-888-5500; 800-369-4867; FAX: 520-888-5585; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gumtech.com/home/index.ph p) F. Gutkind & Co. Ltd. Suite F8, Oxford centre for Innovation, Mill St., Oxford, OX2 OJX, UK (Tel: 44 1865 812031; 2711

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory FAX: 44 1865 812031; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fgutkind.com/) H&A (Canada) Industrial Inc. 1160 Tapscott Road, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada (Tel: 416-412-9518; FAX: 416-2939066; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hacanada.com/) Haco Ltd. P.O. Box 96, CH-3073 Gümligen, Switzerland (Tel: 41 31 950 1111; FAX: 41 31 950 1515; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.haco.ch) Haldin International Inc. Reuten Corporate Park, One Reuten Dr., Closter, NJ, 07624, USA (Tel: 201-7842178; FAX: 201-784-2180; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.haldin-natural.com/) The Hall Chemical Co. 28960 Lakeland Blvd., Wickliffe, OH, 44092, USA (Tel: 440-944-8500; 800-322-6666; FAX: 440-944-1298; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hallchem.com) The HallStar Co. 120 South Riverside Plaza, Suite 1620, Chicago, IL, 60606, USA (Tel: 312-5547400; 877-427-4255; FAX: 312-554-7499; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hallstar.com) Halstab Div. of Hammond Group Inc., 3100 Michigan St., Hammond, IN, 46323, USA (Tel: 219844-3980; FAX: 219-844-7287; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.halstab.com) Haltermann Haltermann GmbH, Div. of Dow Chemical Co., Schlengendeich 17, D-21107 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 333 18 0; FAX: 49 40 333 18 214; Internet: http://www.haltermann.com) Haltermann Products UK, Div. of Ascot plc, All Saints Refinery, Cargo Fleet Rd, Middlesbrough, Cleveland, TS3 6AF, UK (Tel: 44 1642 248 555; FAX: 44 1642 250 369; Internet: http://www.haltermann.com) Haltermann Products, Dow Chemical, 1201 Sheldon Rd., PO Box 429, Channelview, TX, 77530-0429, USA (Tel: 281-457-2768; FAX: 281-457-1469; Internet: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.dow.com/haltermann/index.ht m) Hamari Chemicals Ltd. 1-4-29, Shibajima, Higashiyodogawa-ku, Osaka, 533-0024, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6322 0191; FAX: 81-6-6323-2115; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hamarichemicals.com) Hampshire Chemical Corp. Subsid. of Dow Chemical Co., 45 Hayden Ave., Ste. 2500, Lexington, MA, 024217994, USA (Tel: 781-869-3400; FAX: 781860-5290; E-mail: [email protected]) Handy & Harman 1133 Westchester Avenue, Suite # N222, White Plains, NY, 10604, USA (Tel: 914461-1300; FAX: 914-696-8684; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.handyharman.com/) Hangzhou Aroma Chemical Co. Jade Hill, East of Jiande City, Hangzhou, Zheijiang Province, 311600, China (Tel: 86571-64797806; FAX: 86 571 64797800; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hangzhouaroma.com/) Hansen & Rosenthal KG Am Sandtorkai 64, D-20457 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40-432 18-0; FAX: 49 40 432 18-400; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hansen-rosenthal.de/) Chr. Hansen Chr. Hansen's Holding A/S, 10-12 Bøge Allé, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark (Tel: 45 45 74 74 74; FAX: 45 45 74 88 88; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chr-hansen.com/) Chr. Hansen S.A., Route d’Aulnay BP 64, Saint-Germain-lès-Arpajon, 91292 Arpajon cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 69 88 36 36; FAX: 33 1 0 84 15 94) Chr. Hansen GmbH, Giessener Str. 94, 35414 Pohlheim, Germany (Tel: 49 64 03 95 01 0; FAX: 49 64 03 95 01 30) Chr. Hansen S.p.A., Via del Conchello, 32, 42026 Ciano d’Enza – Canossa (RE), Italy (Tel: 39 0522.872302; FAX: 39 0522.872301) Chr. Hansen, Inc., 9015 W. Maple St., Milwaukee, WI, 53214-4298, USA (Tel: 414607-5700; 800-558-0802; FAX: 414-6072712

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 5959; Internet: http://www.chrhansen.com) Chr. Hansen Industria e Comercio Ltda., Rodovia Visconde de Porto Seguro, 2860, CEP 13278-327, Valinhos - SP, Brazil (Tel: 55 19 3881 8300; FAX: 55 19 3881 8377; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.chr-hansen.com.br) Chr. Hansen Pty. Ltd., 2 Boden Court, Windsor Gardens, South Australia, 5087, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9762 9600; FAX: 61 3 9762 9777; E-mail: [email protected]) Chr. Hansen A/S Japan Representative Office, Shiba Matsuo Bldg. 6F, 2-9-1 Shibakoen Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0011, Japan (Tel: 81 03-5733-1960; FAX: 81 033438-2135) Harborchem 186 North Avenue East - Suite 100, PO Box 630, Cranford, NJ, 07016, USA (Tel: 908272-7070; FAX: 908-272-8966; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.harborchem.com) Harcros Chemicals Inc. Part of HCI Acquisitions Inc., PO Box 2930, 5200 Speaker Rd., Kansas City, KS, 661102930, USA (Tel: 913-321-3131; FAX: 913621-7718; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.harcroschem.com) Keith Harris & Co. Ltd. Div. of Orica Australia Pty Ltd, 7 Sefton Rd., Pennant Hills, PO Box 147, Thornleigh, NSW, 2120, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9484 1341; FAX: 61 2 9481 8145; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.keithharris.com.au) Harwick Standard Distribution Corp. 60 S. Seiberling St., PO Box 9360, Akron, OH, 44305-0360, USA (Tel: 330-798-9300; 800899-4412; FAX: 330-798-0214; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.harwickstandard.com) T. Hasegawa Co., Ltd. 4-4-14, Nihonbashi Hon-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8431, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3241 1151; FAX: 81 3 3278 8075; Internet: http://www.t-hasegawa.co.jp) John I. Hass, Inc. 5185 MacArthur Blvd., NW, Ste. 300, Washington, DC, 20016, USA (Tel: 202777-4800; FAX: 202-777-4895; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.barthhaasgroup.com/) Hatco Corp. 1020 King George Post Rd., Fords, NJ, 088630601, USA (Tel: 732-738-1000; FAX: 732738-9385; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hatcocorporation.com) Hawkins Chemical, Inc. 3100 E. Hennepin Ave., Minneapolis, MN, 55413, USA (Tel: 612-331-6910; 800-3285460; FAX: 612-331-5304; Internet: http://www.hawkinschemical.com/) Hawks Chemical Co. Ltd. 2 Tower St, Hyde, Cheshire, SK14 1JW, UK (Tel: 44 161 367 9441; FAX: 44 161 367 9443; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hawks-chem.com/) Hayashibara City Co., Ltd. 1-2-3, Shimoishii, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-0907, Japan (Tel: 81 86 224 4311; FAX: 81 86 221 6405; Internet: http://www.the-hayashibara-city.jp) H & C Industries, Inc. 1311 Crenshaw Blvd., Torrance, CA, 90501, USA (Tel: 310-328-3683; FAX: 310-5338297; E-mail: [email protected]) Healan Ingredients Ltd. 19 Londesborough Rd., Market Weighton, York, East Yorkshire, YO43 3AZ, UK (Tel: 44 1430 871414; FAX: 44 1430 871484; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.healan.com/) Heico Chemicals, Inc. Subsid. of Rutherford Chemicals, Route 611, PO Box 730, Delaware Water Gap, PA, 18327-0160, USA (Tel: 570-420-3900; 800344-3426; FAX: 570-421-9012; E-mail: [email protected] om; Internet: http://www.rutherfordchemicals.com) Helena Chemical Co. Wholly owned subsidiary of Marubeni, 225 Schilling Blvd., Suite 300, Collierville, TN, 38017, USA (Tel: 901-761-0050; FAX: 901761-5754; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.helenachemical.com) Helm Helm AG, Nordkanalstrasse 28, 20097 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 2375 0; FAX: 49 40 2375 1845; E-mail: 2713

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.helmag.com) Helm New York Inc., A Helm Company, 1110 Centennial Ave., Piscataway, NJ, 088544169, USA (Tel: 732-981-1160; FAX: 732981-0965; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.helmnewyork.com) Henningsen Foods, Inc. 2700 Westchester Ave., Ste. 311, Purchase, NY, 10577-2554, USA (Tel: 914-701-4020; FAX: 914-701-4050; Internet: http://www.henningsenfoods.com) Herbarium, Inc. 11016 152nd Ave., Kenosha, WI, 53142, USA (Tel: 262-857-2373; FAX: 262-857-9501) Herbstreith & Fox KG/Pektin-Fabrik Neuenbürg Turnstrasse 37, 75305 Neuenbürg, Germany (Tel: 49 7082 7913 0; FAX: 49 7082 202 81; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.herbstreith-fox.de) Hercules Hercules Inc., Hercules Plaza, 1313 N. Market St., Wilmington, DE, 19894-0001, USA (Tel: 302-594-5000; 800-247-4372; FAX: 302-594-5400; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.herc.com) Hercules Inc./Aqualon Div. USA, Div. of Hercules, Inc., 1313 N. Market St., Wilmington, DE, 19894-0001, USA (Tel: 302-594-5000; 800-345-0447; FAX: 302995-4776; Internet: http://www.aqualon.com) Hercules Polska Sp. z o.o, ul. Migdalowa 4, Pl-02-796 Warsaw, Poland (Tel: 48 22 645 1286/7; FAX: 48 22 645 1289) Hercules Ltd., Div. of Hercules, Inc., 31 London Road, Reigate, Surrey, RH2 9YA, UK (Tel: 44 1737 242434; FAX: 44 1737 224287) Hercules Int'l. Ltd. LLC, 8 Veraartlaan, 2288 GM Rijswijk, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 70 4134 - 341; FAX: 31 70 - 319 - 1187) Hercules Int'l. Ltd. LLC/Aqualon Div., Veraartlaan 8, Postbus 5822, 2280 HV Rijswijk, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 70 413 4341; FAX: 31 319 1187) Hercules GmbH/Aqualon Div., Div. of Hercules Inc., Paul-Thomas-Strasse 56, PO Box 130125, D-40599 Dusseldorf, Germany

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Tel: 49-211-7491-155; FAX: 49-211-7491200) Hercules Italia SpA/Aqualon Div., Via Bondanello 15, PO Box 1726, I-40013 Castelmaggiore (Bologna), Italy (Tel: 39 051 715 333; FAX: 39 051 714 734) Hercules Quimica S.A./Aqualon Div., Carretera de Valencia, 5/9, PO Box 32, 43006 Tarragona, Spain (Tel: 34 9 77 558 800; FAX: 34 9 77 558 814) Hercules Chemicals (Taiwan) Co., Ltd., 7F, #37, Min-Chuan E. Road, Sec. 3, Taipei, Taiwan, 115, P.R.C. (Tel: (886) 22-5080606; FAX: (886) 22-504-4077; E-mail: [email protected]) Hercules Chemicals Singapore Pte. Ltd./Aqualon Div., 200 Pandan Loop, #0701 Pantech 21, Singapore, 128388, Singapore (Tel: 65-6776-9680; FAX: +65 6776 9690) Hesco, Inc. 500 19th St. SW, P.O. Box 815, Watertown, SD, 57201, USA (Tel: 605-884-1100; 800243-7264; FAX: 605-884-1133; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hescoinc.com/hesco/default.asp) Heucotech Ltd. An Independent U.S. Co. within the Heubach Organization, 99 Newbold Rd., Fairless Hills, PA, 19030, USA (Tel: 215-736-0712; 800-HEUBACH; FAX: 215-736-2249; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.heubachcolor.de) High Polymer Labs Inc. 21 Sagamore Lane, Dix Hills, NY, 11746, USA (Tel: 631 643 5714; FAX: 631 643 5715; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.highpolymerlabs.com) Hindustan Gum & Chemicals Ltd. Div. of Rhodia, Birla Colony, Bhiwani, Haryana, 127 021, India (Tel: 243891; FAX: 01664-243813; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hindustangum.com) Hindustan Mint & Agro Products Pvt. Ltd. Barehseni St., Chandausi, 202412, India (Tel: 91 5921 250 540; FAX: 91 5921 250 074; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hindustanmint.com/) J.H. Hinz Co. 909 Canterbury Road, Suite K, Westlake, OH, 44145-7212, USA (Tel: 440-871-3333; 800929-5552; FAX: 440-871-4475; E-mail: 2714

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jhhinz.com) Hispanagar, S.A. Apartado de correos 392 · 09080 Burgos, C/ López Bravo, 98 · Polígono Industrial de Villalonquéjar, 09001 Burgos, Spain (Tel: 34 947 29 85 19; FAX: 34 947 29 85 18; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hispanagar.com) H.M.B.I., Inc. PO Box 301, 129 Spring Street, Fort Plain, NY, 13339, USA (Tel: 518-993-4750; FAX: 518993-5050; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hmbiinc.com) Hofmen International Inc. 2303 Randall Road, #314, Carpentersville, IL, 60110, USA (Tel: 312-623-0098; FAX: 312277-0998; E-mail: [email protected] om; Internet: http://www.hofmeninternational.com) Hokko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Mitsui Bldg., No. 2, 4-4-20, Nihonbashi Hongoku-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3279 5151; FAX: 81 3 3279 5195; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hokkochem.co.jp/english/inde x.html) Holland Company Inc. 153 Howland Ave., Adams, MA, 01220, USA (Tel: 413-743-1292; 800-639-9602; FAX: 413-743-1298; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hollandcompany.com) Hollister-Stier Laboratories 3525 N. Regal St., Spokane, WA, 99207-5788, USA (Tel: 509-489-5656; 800-655-5329; FAX: 509- 484-4320; Internet: http://www.hollister-stier.com) Honeywell Honeywell Specialty Chemicals, 101 Columbia Rd., Morristown, NJ, 07962, USA (Tel: 973-455-2000; 800-222-0094; FAX: 973-455-4807; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.honeywell.com/sites/sm/index .jsp) Honeywell Performance Polymers & Chemicals, 101 Columbia Rd., Morristown, NJ, 07962, USA (Tel: 973-455-2000; FAX: 973-455-4807; Internet: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

http://www.honeywellppc.com; http://www.honeywell-plastics.com) Honeywell Specialty Wax & Additives, 101 Columbia Road, Morristown, NJ, 07962, USA (Tel: 973-455-2145; 800-222-0094; FAX: 973 455-6154; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.acwax.com) Honeywell Belgium N.V., Haasrode Research Park, Grauwmeer 1, 3001 Heverlee (Leuven), Belgium (Tel: 32 16 391 205; FAX: 32 16 391 371; E-mail: [email protected]) Honeywell Pte Ltd, 17 Changi Business Park Central 1, Honeywell Building, Singapore, 486073, Singapore (Tel: 65 6355-2828; FAX: 65 6783-6054) Honeywill & Stein Ltd. An IMCD Company, Times House, Throwley Way, Sutton, Surrey, SM1 4AF, UK (Tel: 44 20 8770 7090; FAX: 44 20 8770 7295; Internet: http://www.honeywill.co.uk) Hoogwegt Havero Hoogwegt BV, PO Box 802, 4200 AV Gorinchem, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 183 62 84 99; FAX: 31 183 62 99 47; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.havero.nl) Hoogwegt US Inc., PO Box 459, 724 Florsheim Dr., LIbertyville, IL, 60048-0459, USA (Tel: 847-918-8787; 800-443-3445; FAX: 847-918-9189; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hoogwegt.com/companies/us/ index.html) Horsehead Corp. 300 Frankfort Rd., Monaca, PA, 15061-2295, USA (Tel: 724-774-1020; 800-648-8897; FAX: 724-773-2269; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.horseheadcorp.com/) Houghton Chemical Corp. PO Box 307, 52 Cambridge St., Allston, MA, 02134, USA (Tel: 617-254-1010; 800-7772466; FAX: 617-254-2713; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.houghtonchemical.com) Howard Industries, Inc. 1840 Progress Ave., Columbus, OH, 43207, USA (Tel: 614-444-9900; 800-776-9163; FAX: 614-444-4571; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.howardchem.com) 2715

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Huber Engineered Materials 1000 Parkwood Circle, Suite 1000, Atlanta, 30339, GA, USA (Tel: 678-247-7300; 866JMHUBER; FAX: 678-247-2797; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hubermaterials.com/) Hukill Chemical Corp. 7013 Krick Rd., Bedford, OH, 44146, USA (Tel: 440-232-9400; 800-962-1143; FAX: 440-232-9477; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hukill.com/) Hummel Croton 10 Harmich Rd., South Plainfield, NJ, 070804899, USA (Tel: 908-754-1800; FAX: 908754-1815; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hummelcroton.com) Hunan Xinyu Native Produce & Animal ByProducts Import & Export Co., Ltd. 183 Yuandayi Rd., Changsha, Hunan, 410001, China (Tel: 86 731 4421482; FAX: 86 731 4427356; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hunanxinyu.com/contact.html ) Huntsman Huntsman Corp., 500 Huntsman Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA (Tel: 801-5845700; 800-421-2411; FAX: 801-584-5781; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.huntsman.com) Huntsman Performance Products, 10003 Woodloch Forest Drive, The Woodlands, TX, 77380, USA (Tel: 281 719 6000) Huntsman Corp. Canada Inc., 256 Victoria Road South, PO Box 450, Guelph, Ontario, N1H 6K8, Canada (Tel: 519-824-3280; FAX: 519-824-0755) Huntsman De Mexico, S.A. de C.V., Montecito 38 Piso 21 Ofna. 38, Col. Napoles, 03810 Mexico, D.F., Mexico (Tel: 52 55 5488 2911; FAX: 5255 5488 2910) Huntsman Advanced Materials Química Brasil Ltda, Av. Professor Vicente Rao, 90, 04706-900 São Paulo - SP, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 5532 7348; FAX: 55 11 5044 8175) Huntsman Belgium BVBA, Everslaan 45, 3078 Everberg, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 758 9211; FAX: 32 2 758 9112) Huntsman Performance Chemicals (UK), PO Box 133, Selby, YO8 3WY, UK (Tel: 44 1757 213 919; FAX: 44 1757 213 572) Huntsman (Germany) GmbH/Performance Chemicals, Baumwall 5, 20459 Hamburg, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Germany (Tel: 49 40 37670 0; FAX: 49 40 37670 150) Huntsman (Singapore) Pte Ltd., 150 Beach Rd., 37-00 Gateway West, Singapore, Singapore (Tel: 65 6297 3363; FAX: 656 6295 2933) Huntsman Advanced Materials K.K., KIBC North Bldg., 3F, 5-5-2, Minatojima Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan (Tel: 81 78 304 3900; FAX: 81 78 304 3970) Huntsman Performance Products Australia, 61 Market Road, Brooklyn, Victoria, 3012, Australia (Tel: 613 9933 6666; FAX: 613 9933 6600) Huntsman Tioxide Americas Inc., Div. of Huntsman, 10003, Woodloch Forest Drive, The Woodlands, TX, 77380, USA (Tel: 281 719 8000; 800 367 8462; FAX: 281 719 6054; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.huntsman.com/tioxide/) Huntsman Tioxide Europe Ltd., Haverton Hill Rd., Billingham, Stockton-on-Tees, TS23 1PS, UK (Tel: 44 164 237 0300; FAX: 44 164 237 0290; Internet: http://www.huntsman-tioxide.com/) Tioxide Europe SAS, BP 89, 1 rue des Garennes, 62102 Calais Cedex, France (Tel: 33 3 21 46 45 00; FAX: 33 3 21 46 45 22) Huntsman Tioxide Europe GmbH , Am Brüll 17, 40878 Ratingen, Germany (Tel: 49 21 02 97 510; FAX: 49 21 02 97 5139) Huntsman Tioxide Europe S.r.l., Stablimento di Scarlino, Contrada Casone CP 113, 58022 Follonica (Grossetto), Italy (Tel: 39 0 566 71500; FAX: 39 0 566 71510) Tioxide Europe, S.L., C/ Segre, 27, 1º, A, 28002 Madrid, Spain (Tel: 34 91 38 33 469; FAX: 34 91 30 23 103) Huntsman Tioxide Sdn Bhd, 5th Fl., Wisma Avon, 13A Jalan 219, 46100 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia (Tel: 60 3 758 87133; FAX: 60 3 758 81677) Hydrite Chemical Co. Drawer 0948, 300 N. Patrick Blvd., Brookfield, WI, 53008-0948, USA (Tel: 414-792-1450; 800-346-7960 x 741; FAX: 414-792-8721; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hydrite.com)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Hydro Pronova a.s. Wholly owned subsid. of Norsk Hydro ASA, Drammensveien 264, N-0240 Oslo, Norway (Tel: 47 22 53 81 00; FAX: 47 22 53 27 25; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hydro.com) N.I. Ibrahim Co. 8, Falaki St., Alexandria, Egypt (Tel: 20 3 4865064; FAX: 20 3 4873923; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dataxprs.com.eg/ibrahimflavo gypt/) ICC ICC Industries Inc., 460 Park Ave., New York, NY, 10022, USA (Tel: 212-521-1700; FAX: 212-521-1970; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.iccchem.com) ICC Chemical Corp., An affiliate of ICC Industries, Inc., 460 Park Ave., New York, NY, 10022, USA (Tel: 212-521-1700; 800422-1720; FAX: 212-521-1794; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.iccchem.com) ICC Hong Kong, Rm. #1007, 10/F Tai Yau Building, 181 Johnston Road, Wanchee, Hong Kong (Tel: 852-2366-1678; FAX: 8522367-1609; E-mail: [email protected]) ICC Chemical Corp., Gold Name Tower,1903A, No. 68, Renmin Rd., Zhongshan District, Dalian, 116001, P.R. China (Tel: 86 411 272 1755; FAX: 86 411 272 1955; E-mail: [email protected]) ICL Industrial Products ICL Industrial Products, Makleff House, 12 Kroitzer St., PO Box 180, Beer-Sheva, 84101, Israel (Tel: 972 8 629 7633; FAX: 972 8 629 7878; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dsbg.com) Eurobrom B.V., Fosfaatweg 48, Amsterdam, 1013 BM, The Netherlands (Tel: (31) 20 800 5800; FAX: (31) 20 800 5805; E-mail: [email protected]) ICL Performance Products, LP 622 Emerson Rd., Ste. 500, St. Louis, MO, 63141, USA (Tel: 314-983-7500; 800-2446169; FAX: 314-983-7642; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.astaris.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Igreca Z.A les Mulottières, 49140 Seiches Sur Le Loir, France (Tel: 33 02 41211400; FAX: 33 02 41211401; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.igreca.com/) Ikeda Corp. Ikeda Bldg., 44 Katabira-Cho, 1-Chome, Hodogaya-Ku, Yokohama, 240-0013, Japan (Tel: 81-45-342-0771; FAX: 81-45-3339970; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ikedabussan.com) IMERYS IMERYS, 100 Mansell Court East, Suite 300, Roswell, GA, 30076, USA (Tel: 770-5940660; 888 277 9636; FAX: 770-645-3384; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.imerys.com) IMERYS Minerals Ltd., Par Moor Centre, Par Moor Road, Par, Cornwall, PL24 2SQ, UK (Tel: 44 1726 818000; FAX: 44 1726 811200) Imerys Minerals Spa, Via Tolstoi 86, 20098 San Giulliano, Milan, Italy (Tel: 39 2 98 444 01; FAX: 39 2 98 244 59) IMERYS Minerals SA, Usine De Lixhe, Rue du Canal 2, 4600 Visé, Lixhe, Belgium (Tel: 32 41 79 98 11; FAX: 32 41 79 82 83) IMERYS Minerals Japan K.K., 7F Sagamiya Bldg., 6 Ichibancho Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 1080082, Japan (Tel: 81 3 216 1088; FAX: 81 3 521 61090) Imperial Industrial Chemicals (Thailand) Co., Ltd. 11th Floor, Unico House Bldg., No. 29/1 Soi Lungsuan, Ploenchit Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand (Tel: 66 2 255 4268-70; FAX: 66 2 255 4267; Internet: http://www.iic.co.th) Imperial-OEL-Import Handelsgesellschaft MBH, Bergstrasse 11, Hamburg, 20095, Germany (Tel: 49 (0) 40/33 85 33-0; FAX: 49 (0) 40/33 85 33-85; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.imperial-oelimport.de) Importers Service Corp. 233 Suydam Ave., Jersey City, NJ, 073043399, USA (Tel: 201-332-6970; FAX: 201332-4152; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.iscgums.com/)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Inabata America Corp. 1270 Ave. of the Americas, Suite 2212, New York, NY, 10020, USA (Tel: 212-586-7764; FAX: 212-245-2876; Internet: http://www.inabataamerica.com) Inchema, Inc. 180 Old Tappan Rd., Bldg. 6, Old Tappan, NJ, 07675, USA (Tel: 201-768-1770; FAX: 201768-2290; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.inchemausa.com) In-Cide Technologies Inc. 50 N. 41 Ave., Phoenix, AZ, 85009, USA (Tel: 602-233-0756; 800-777-4569; FAX: 602272-4864; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.incidetech.net) Indena Indena SpA, Viale Ortles, 12, 20139 Milan (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 2 5749 61; FAX: 39 2 5749 6290; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.indena.it) Indena France S.A., 23, Rue de Madrid, 75008 Paris, France (Tel: 33 1 45229128; FAX: 33 1 45220291) Indena S.A., Gran Via Carles III, 94, 10º, 1ª, 08028 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 3303816; FAX: 34 93 4110246) Indena USA Inc., 811 First Avenue, Suite 218, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA (Tel: 206-3406140; FAX: 206-340-0863) Indena Japan Co., Ltd., KDDI Bld. 21F, 1-8-1, Ohtemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3243 9924; FAX: 81 3 3243 9925) Independent Chemical Corp. 79-51 Cooper Ave., Glendale, NY, 11385, USA (Tel: 718-894-0700; 800-892-2578; FAX: 718-894-9224; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.independentchemical.com) Ind Expo Oleochemicals P. Ltd. 192, Pushpa Kunj, 3rd Floor, Station Road, Mumbai, 400020, India (Tel: 91-222015124; FAX: 91-22-2087412; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.indexpo.com) Indofine Chemical Co., Inc. 121 Stryker Lane, Bldg 30, Suite 1, Hillsborough, NJ, 08844, USA (Tel: 908359-6778; 888-463-6346; FAX: 908-3591179; E-mail: [email protected]; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Internet: http://www.indofinechemical.com) Indspec Chemical Indspec Chemical Corp., Wholly owned subsid. of OxyChem, 411 Seventh Ave., Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA (Tel: 412-765-1200; 800-782-8134; FAX: 412765-0439; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.indspecchem.com) Indspec Chemical Corp./European Sales, Gebouw de Goudsesingel, Th. Kipstraat 810, 3011 RT Rotterdam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 10 275 60 60; FAX: 31 10 414 30 35) Industrias Monfel, S.A. de C.V. Barracuda #4, Apartado Postal 98, Cuautitlan, Edo. de Mexico, 54800, Mexico (Tel: 52 5 899 0029; FAX: 52 5 899 0010; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.monfel.com) Induxtra de Suministros Llorella S.A. Pere Alsius 2-4, 17820 Banyoles (Girona), Spain (Tel: 34 972 582400; FAX: 34 972 582424; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.induxtra.com) INEOS INEOS Belgium NV, Haven 1053, Nieuwe Weg 1, B-2070 Zwijndrecht, Belgium (Tel: 32-3-2509470; FAX: 32-3-2509475) INEOS Italia S.r.l., Via Carlo Poma 1, 20129 Milano, Italy (Tel: 39 2 7611 5407; FAX: 39 2 7611 8189) INEOS Iberica, Gran Via 680 7-4, 08010 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34-93-270-1884; FAX: 34-93-318-2601) INEOS Fluor Ltd., The Heath, Runcorn, Cheshire, WA7 4QX, UK (Tel: 44 1928 515525; FAX: 44 1928 513890; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ineosfluor.com) INEOS Fluor/European Customer Service Center, Bosdellestraat 120, Box 3, 1933 Sterrebeek (Zaventem), Belgium (Tel: 32 2 785 3170; FAX: 32 2 785 3180; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ineosfluor.com) INEOS Fluor Americas LLC, 4990 B ICI Rd., Hwy. 75, PO Box 30, St. Gabriel, LA, 70776, USA (Tel: 225-642-0094; 800-ASK-KLEA; FAX: 225-642-8629; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ineosfluor.com) 2718

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory INEOS Phenol GmbH & Co. KG, Dechenstrasse 3, 45966 Gladbeck, Germany (Tel: 49 2043 958 0; FAX: 49 2043 958 900; Internet: http://www.ineosphenol.com) INEOS Silicas Americas LLC, 111 Ingalls Ave., Joliet, IL, 60435, USA (Tel: 815-7273651; 800-727-3651; FAX: 815-727-5312; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ineossilicas.com) INEOS Silicas Brasil Ltda., Rua Cenno Sbrighi, 27 cj.12, 05036-011 Agua Branca, Sao Paulo, 02260-001, Brazil (Tel: 55 113613 9900; FAX: 55 11 3613 9919) INEOS Silicas South Africa (Pty) Ltd, 169 Tedstone Rd., PO Box 14016, Wadeville, Ganteng, 1422, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 11 820 7111; FAX: 27 11 827 6922) PT INEOS Silicas Indonesia, Plaza Mutiara, 17th Floor, Jalan Lingkar Mega Kiningan , Kav.E.1.2 No 1 & 2, Kawasan Mega Kuningan, Jakarta, 12950, Indonesia (Tel: 62-21-5798-8538; FAX: 62-21-5798-8539) INEOS Silicas Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd., No. 3 Shenton Way, #15-09 Shenton House, Singapore, 068805, Singapore (Tel: 65 325 0898; FAX: 65 324 2243) Ingredient Innovations, Inc. 313 NW North Shore Drive, Kansas City, MO, 64151-1455, USA (Tel: 816-587-1426; FAX: 816-587-4167; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ingredientinnovations.com) Innophos Innophos, Inc., P.O. Box 8000, Cranbury, NJ, 08512-8000, USA (Tel: 609-495-2495; 888776-7337; FAX: 609-860-0138; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.innophos.com) Innophos Latin/South America, Insurgentes Sur No. 1971, Edificio III, Piso 6, Colonia Guadalupe Inn, Mexico D.F., 01020, Mexico (Tel: 52 55 5322 48 08; FAX: 52 55 5322 48 82; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.innophos.com) Inolex Chemical Co. 2101 South Swanson Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19148, USA (Tel: 215-271-0800; 800-5219891; FAX: 215-271-2621; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.inolex.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Inoue Perfumery Mfg. Co., Ltd. 1-36-11, Okusawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 1580083, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3726 1861; FAX: 81 3 3727-5240; Internet: http://www.inop.com/) Inspec Fibres GmbH Div. of Evonik, Werkstrasse 3, 4860 Lenzing, Austria (Tel: 43 7672 701 2891; FAX: 43 7672 96862; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.P84.com) Integra Chemical Co. 710 Thomas Ave. SW, Renton, WA, 98055, USA (Tel: 425-277-9244; 800-322-6646; FAX: 425-277-9246; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.integrachem.com) Interchem Corp. 120 Rt. 17 North, Paramus, NJ, 07652, USA (Tel: 201-261-7333; FAX: 201-261-7339; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.interchem.com) Interchim 211 Bis, Av. J.F. Kennedy, BP 1140, 03103 Montlucon Cedex, France (Tel: 33 4 70 03 88 55; FAX: 33 4 70 03 82 60; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.interchim.com) International Dioxcide Inc. 554 Ten Rod Rd., North Kingstown, RI, 02852, USA (Tel: 401-295-8800; 800-477-6071; FAX: 401-295-7108; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.idiclo2.com) International Fiber International Fiber Corp., 50 Bridge St., N. Tonawanda, NY, 14120, USA (Tel: 716-6934040; 888-698-1936; FAX: 716-693-3528; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ifcfiber.com/) International Fiber Europe N.V., Eurolaan 5 Zone B, Industriezone T.T.S., B-9140 Temse, Belgium (Tel: 32 3 711 1636; FAX: 32 3 771 3399; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ifefiber.com) International Flavors & Fragrances International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. (IFF), 650 Hwy. 36, Hazlet, NJ, 07730, USA (Tel: 732-264-4500; 800-765-9433; FAX: 908-335-2627; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; Internet: http://www.iff.com) 2719

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory International Flavours & Fragrances (GB) Ltd., Duddery Hill, Haverhill, Suffolk, CB9 8LG, UK (Tel: 44 1440 7 15000; FAX: 44 1440 7 62199; Internet: http://www.iff.com) International Flavours & Fragrances (Australia), 310 Dandenong Valley Hwy., Dandenong, Victoria, 3175, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9788 9200; FAX: 61 3 9768 3652; Email: [email protected]) International Flavours & Fragrances (Japan) Ltd., IFF Bldg., 1-21-4, Higashi-ohi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-0011, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5460 0835; FAX: 81 3 5460 0769; E-mail: [email protected]) International Furan Chemicals International Furan Chemicals, Airportplein 7, 3045 AP Rotterdam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 10 238 0555; FAX: 31 10 238 0550; E-mail: [email protected]) International Furan North America Inc., 63 Church Street, Suite 403, St. Catharines, ON, L2R 3C4, Canada (Tel: 905 685 8560; FAX: 905 685 8712; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.furan.com/) Interstate Chemical Co., Inc. 2797 Freedland Rd., P.O. Box 1600, Hermitage, PA, 16148-0600, USA (Tel: 724981-3771; 800-422-2436; FAX: 724-9813675; Internet: http://www.interstatechemical.com) Intertrade Holdings Inc. State Highway 68, Copperhill, TN, 37317, USA (Tel: 423-496-3331; FAX: 423-496-1322; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.itorganics.com) Invista independent subsidiary of Koch, INVISTA Building, 4123 East 37th Street North, Wichita, KS, 67220, USA (Tel: 302-7741178; 877-4INVISTA; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.invista.com) ISP ISP, International Specialty Products, World Headquarters, 1361 Alps Rd., Wayne, NJ, 07470-3688, USA (Tel: 973-628-4000; FAX: 973-628-4001; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ispcorp.com/) ISP Alginates Inc., 2145 E. Belt St., San Diego, CA, 92113, USA (Tel: 619-557-3100; 877-272-5446; FAX: 619 557 3128; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.ispcorp.com/) ISP Sutton Laboratories, Inc., Member of the ISP Inc. Group, 116 Summit Ave., PO Box 837, Chatham, NJ, 07928-0837, USA (Tel: 973-635-1551; FAX: 973-635-4964) ISP (Canada) Inc., 4055 Sladeview Crescent #7, Mississauga, Ontario, L5L 5Y1, Canada (Tel: 905-607-2392; 800-465-5094; FAX: 905-607-9086) ISP (Mexico) S.A. de C.V., Gobernador Francisco Fagoaga No. 103, Col. San Miguel Chapultepec, Mexico DF, 11850, Mexico (Tel: 52 55 5276 6110; FAX: 52 55 2614 2939) ISP Argentina S.A., Av. Cordoba 679, Piso 6C, 1365 Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54 11 4314 8971; FAX: 54 11 4314 8976) ISP do Brasil Ltda., Av. Embaixador Macedo, Soares, 10735 - v1 Anastacio, São Paulo, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 3649 0469; FAX: 55 11 3835 4212) ISP Venezuela, Torre Las Mercedes, Piso 4, Oficina 4-07, Av. La Estancia, Urbanizacion Chuao, Caracas, 1060, Venezuela (Tel: 58 212 992 9703; FAX: 58 212 991 9705) ISP Europe, Watefield, Tadworth, Surrey, KT20 5HQ, UK (Tel: 44 207 519 5054; FAX: 44 207 519 5056) ISP Global Technologies Deutschland GmbH, Emil-Hoffmann-Strasse 1A, 50996 Cologne-Rodenkirchen, Germany (Tel: 49 2236 9649 260; FAX: 49 2236 9649 295) ISP (France) SA, Paris Nord 2, 13, rue de la Perdrix, BP 50007 Tremblay En, F 95945 Roissy CDG Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 49 93 21 58; FAX: 33 1 49 93 21 62) ISP (Belgium) NV, Hoogkamerstraat 42, B9100 Sint-Niklaas, Belgium (Tel: 32 3 626 49 30; FAX: 32 3 626 49 32) ISP (Italia) Srl, Piazza De Angeli, 3, 20146 Milano, Italy (Tel: 39 02 75 419 642; FAX: 39 02 75 419 644) ISP (Switzerland) AG, Lindenstrasse 10, Baar Postfach 4354, 6340 Baar, Switzerland (Tel: 41 1 439 53 66; FAX: 41 1 439 53 68) ISP International Corp. Sucursal en España, Fontsanta, 46, 08970 Sant Joan Despi, Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 298 07 00; FAX: 34 93 298 07 05) ISP (Polska) Sp.z.o.o., ul. Szturmowa 2A, 02678 Warszawa, Poland (Tel: 48 22 607 25 20; FAX: 48 22 607 25 22) 2720

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory ISP Middle East, Ruzgarlibahce Mah., Cumhuriyet Cad.; Asas Pen Plaza, Kat: 1-2,, 34810 Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey (Tel: 9 0 216 537 0800; FAX: 9 0 216 537 0880) ISP Russia, Prospekt Marshala, Zhukova 30, Moscow 123154, Russia (Tel: 7 495 981 39 53; FAX: 7 495 981 39 54) ISP Hungaria, Szent István Park 18. V., 2., 1137 Budapest, Hungary (Tel: 36 1 209 2629; FAX: 36 1 466 2550) ISP (Australasia) Pty. Ltd., 2nd Floor, 991 Whitehorse Rd., Box Hill 3128, Victoria, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9899 5082; FAX: 61 3 9899 5102) ISP (Hong Kong) Ltd. India Branch Office Hyderabad, Bhupal Towers, 2nd/3rd Floors, H. No. 6-3-1090/A, Somajiguda, Hyderabad, 500082, India (Tel: 9140 5584 4000; FAX: 9140 2331 1090) ISP Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd., 200 Cantonment Rd., #06-05 Southpoint, Singapore, 089763, Singapore (Tel: 65 223 3778; FAX: 65 62260853) ISP (Hong Kong) Ltd., Suite 1102, Ming An Plaza, No. 8 Sunning Rd., Causeway Bay, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2 881 6108; FAX: 852 2 895 1250) ISP (Thailand) Co., Ltd., Rm. 707 Panavongs Bldg., #104 Suriwong Rd., Bangkok, 10500, Thailand (Tel: 66 2 267 8103; FAX: 66 2 236 0041) ISP (Japan) Ltd., Across Shinkawa Bldg., Annex 10F, 16-14, Shinkawa 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0033, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5566 8661; FAX: 81 3 5566 8682) ISP (Hong Kong) Ltd., Beijing Rep. Office, Room 1607 Jing Tai Mansion, No. 24 St. Jai Guo Men Wai, Beijing, 100022, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 6515 6265; FAX: 86 10 6515 6267) Italgelatine S.p.A. S.S. Alba Bra Nr. 201, 12060 Santa Vittoria d'Alba (CN), Italy (Tel: 39 0172 478047; FAX: 39 0172 478715; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.italgelatine.com) Itochu Chemicals America Inc. Subsid. of Itochu International Inc., 360 Hamilton Avenue, 6th Floor, White Plains, NY, 10601, USA (Tel: 914-333-7800; FAX: 9124-333-7848; Internet: http://www.itochu-sc.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Ivanhoe Industries, Inc. 818 William Leigh Dr., Bldg. H, Tullytown, PA, 19007, USA (Tel: 215-547-1200; FAX: 215946-7411; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ivanhoeindustries.com) Janousek Industriale Srl Strada per i Laghetti 3, ZI delle Noghere, 340115 Muggia, Trieste, Italy (Tel: 39 040 2397911; FAX: 39 040 232698; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.janousek.com) Janssen-Cilag B.V. Dr. Paul Janssenweg 150, 5026 RH Tilburg, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 13 583 7373; FAX: 31 13 583 7300; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.janssen-cilag.nl/) Japan Hydrazine Co., Inc. Iino Bldg. 9F,1-1,, Uchisaiwai-cho 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku,Tokyo, 100-0011, Japan (Tel: 81-3-3501-5656; FAX: 81-3-3506-3787; Internet: http://www.jfine.co.jp/) The Japan Shellac Industries, Ltd. 7-18, Mitsuya-Minami 3-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 532, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6301 0955; FAX: 81 6 6306 1256; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.japan-shellac.co.jp) Jarchem Industries Inc. 414 Wilson Ave., Newark, NJ, 07105, USA (Tel: 973-344-0600; FAX: 973-344-5743; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jarchem.com/) Jedwards International, Inc. 39 Broad St., Quincy, MA, 02169, USA (Tel: 617-472-9300; FAX: 617-472-9359; Internet: http://www.codliveroil.com) Jeen International Corp. 24 Madison Rd., Fairfield, NJ, 07004, USA (Tel: 800-771-5336; FAX: 973-439-1402; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jeen.com) JFC Technologies 100 W. Main St., PO Box 669, Bound Brook, NJ, 08805, USA (Tel: 732-469-7760; FAX: 732-469-3666; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jfctechnologies.com) Jiande City Xinhua Chemical Co. Ltd. 90 Qiaodong Rd., Sinanjiang Town, Jiande City, Zhejiang, 311600, China (Tel: 86 571 6475 5918; FAX: 86 571 6475 5178; E-mail: 2721

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.xhchem.com) Jiangxi Liquid Industrial Chemicals Co. (JLIC) 274, Railway Station West Ave., Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330003, P.R. China (Tel: 86 791 623 5514; FAX: 86 791 621 0984; E-mail: [email protected]) Jiangxi Zhangshu Crown Capital Fragrance Ltd. Room 1702, East Tower, Zhong L¹ Shang Wu Building, No.39-49 Qiao Lin Jie, in He Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510610, China (Tel: 86 (20) 3881 8060; FAX: 86 (20) 3881 8032; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.crown-capital.com) Jiangyin Healthway International Trade Co. 7-305, 2(W) Binjiang Road, Jiangyin City, Jiangsu Pr, China (Tel: 86-510-86023169; FAX: 86-510-86023170; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.healthwaychem.com) Jilin Chemical Industrial Company Limited No 9 Longtan Street Longtan District, Jilin City, Jilin Province, 132021, P.R. China (Tel: 86 432 390 3912; FAX: 86 432 302 8126; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jcic.com.cn) Johnson Matthey Johnson Matthey plc, 40-42 Hatton Garden, London, EC1N 8EE, UK (Tel: 44 20 7269 8400; FAX: 44 20 7269 8433; Internet: http://www.matthey.com) Johnson Matthey PCT, PO Box 1, Belasis Ave., Billingham, Cleveland, TS23 1LB, UK (Tel: 44 1642 553601; FAX: 44 1642 522542; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jmcatalysts.com) Johnson Matthey S.A.S., Div. of Johnson Matthey plc, BP 50240, 13 rue de la Perdrix, ZI Paris Nord II, 95956 Roissy CDG Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 48 17 21 99; FAX: 33 1 48 63 27 02) Johnson Matthey Inc., 2001 Nolte Dr., West Deptford, NJ, 08066, USA (Tel: 856-3847000; 800-444-1411; FAX: 856-384-7282; Internet: http://www.matthey.com) Johnson Matthey Japan Inc., 5123-3 Kitsuregawa, Kitsuregawa-machi; Shioyagun, Tochigi, 329-1412, Japan (Tel: 81 28 686 5781; FAX: 81 28 686 5714)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Jonas Chemical Corp./Specialty Chemical Div. 1682 59th St., Brooklyn, NY, 11204, USA (Tel: 718-236-1666; FAX: 718-236-2248; E-mail: [email protected]) Jones-Hamilton Co. 30354 Tracy Rd., Walbridge, OH, 43465, USA (Tel: 419-666-9838; 1-888-858-4425; FAX: 419-666-1817; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.joneshamilton.com/) Jost Chemical Jost Chemical Co., Inc., 8150 Lackland Rd., St. Louis, MO, 63114, USA (Tel: 314-4284300; FAX: 314-428-4366; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jostchemical.com) Jost Chemical Europe, Rue du Wisconsin 9, B-5000 Namur, Belgium (Tel: 32 81 201517; FAX: 32 81 657609; E-mail: [email protected]) JTS Enterprises, Inc. 4600 Post Oak Pl., Suite 153, Houston, TX, 77027, USA (Tel: 713-621-6740; FAX: 713621-2454; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jtsenterprisesinc.com) Jubilant Organosys Ltd. Plot No. 1A, Sector 16A, Institutional area,, Noida - 201 301,, Uttar Pradesh, India (Tel: 91-120-4516601; FAX: 91-120-451682-30; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jubilantorganosys.com) Jungbunzlauer Jungbunzlauer International AG, St. AlbanVorstadt 90, Postfach, 4002 Basel, Switzerland (Tel: 41 61 295 51 00; FAX: 41 61 295 51 08; Internet: http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/) Jungbunzlauer GmbH, Schwarzenbergplatz 16, 1011 Vienna, Austria (Tel: 43 1 502 00 0; FAX: 43 1 502 00 8; E-mail: [email protected]) Jungbunzlauer Ladenburg GmbH, Dr. Albert-Reimann-Strasse 18, DE-68526 Ladenburg, Germany (Tel: 49 6203 104 0; FAX: 49 6203 104 210; E-mail: [email protected]) Jungbunzlauer B.V., De Overtoom 8, NL3353 HC Papendrecht, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 78 615 55 66; FAX: 31 78 641 06 2722

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 79; E-mail: jungbunzlauer.netherlands@jungbunzlau er.ch) Jungbunzlauer Inc., 7 Wells Ave., Newton Centre, MA, 02459, USA (Tel: 617-9690900; 800-828-0062; FAX: 617-964-2921; Internet: http://www.jungbunzlauer.com/w) Jungbunzlauer Singapore Pte. Ltd., 99 Bukit Timah Rd., #04-04 Alfa Centre, Singapore, 229835, Singapore (Tel: 65 633 72 300; FAX: 65 633 75 900; E-mail: [email protected]) Juzen Chemical Co., Ltd. 1-10, Kiba-machi, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930, Japan (Tel: 81 764 33 3111; FAX: 81 764 32 1165; Internet: http://www.juzenchem.co.jp) K3 Corp. 11112 Lakespray Way, Reston, VA, 20191, USA (Tel: 703-758 3930; FAX: 703-758 3930; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://k3corp.com/) Kaden Biochemicals Inc. Member of the Symrise Group, 17 Camden Rd., Belle Mead, NJ, 08502, USA (Tel: 908359-8846; FAX: 908-359-8856; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kadenbio.com) Kahn & Co. Inc. 885 Wells Rd., Wethersfield, CT, 06109, USA (Tel: 860-529-8643; FAX: 860-529-1895; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kahn.com) Kaiser Aluminum Corp. 27422 Portola Parkway, Suite 350, Foothill Ranch, CA, 92610-2831, USA (Tel: 949614-1740; FAX: 949-614-1930; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kaiseral.com) Kalsec Kalsec Inc., PO Box 50511, 3713 W. Main St., Kalamazoo, MI, 49005-0511, USA (Tel: 269349-9711; 800-323-9320; FAX: 269-3823060; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kalsec.com) Kalsec UK Ltd., 7 Merlin Pk., Fred Dannatt Rd., Mildenhall, Suffolk, IP28 7RD, UK (Tel: 44 1638 715011; FAX: 44 1638 715031; Email: [email protected]) Kalsec Benelux, Joost v/d Vondellaan 5, 5152 LE Drunen, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 416 563245; FAX: 31 416 544017) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Kaltron/Pettibone 1241 North Ellis St., Bensenville, IL, 60106, USA (Tel: 630-350-1116; 800-683-0464; FAX: 630-350-1606; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kaltron.com) Kane International Corp. 1 Tampa City Center, 201 N. Franklin St., Ste. 2720, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA (Tel: 813227-9116; 800-323-8946; FAX: 813-2501529; E-mail: [email protected]) Kaneka Kaneka Corp., 1-12-32 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-6025, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5574 8000; FAX: 81 3 5574 8121; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kaneka.co.jp) Kaneka Texas Corp., MBS Marketing Div., 2 Northpoint Dr. Suite 200, Houston, TX, 77060-3234, USA (Tel: 281-447-0755; 800526-3223; FAX: 281-447-0757) Kaneka Belgium N.V., Oevel Plant, Nijverheidsstraat 16, 2260 Westerlo, Oevel, Belgium (Tel: 32 014 25 78 00; FAX: 32 014 25 45 51) Kanto Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 2-8, Nihonbashi Honcho 3-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3279 1751; FAX: 81 3 3279 5560; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kanto.co.jp) Kanto Corp., Wholly owned subsid. of Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 13424 North Woodrush Way, Portland, OR, 97203, USA (Tel: 503283-0405; 866-609-5571; FAX: 503-2400409; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kantocorp.com) Kanto Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd. Marine Nichido Building,, Shinkan, 2-1, Marunouchi 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0005, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3216 4561; FAX: 81 3 3216 4581; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kantodenka.co.jp) Kao Kao Corp./Consumer Information Center, 14-10, Nihonbashi Kayabacho 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8210, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3660 7111; FAX: 81 3 3660 8978; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kao.co.jp) Kao Corp./Edible Fat & Oil Div., 1-14-10 Nihonbashi, Kayaba-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 2723

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 103-8210, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3660 7111; FAX: 81 3 3660 7960; Internet: http://www.kao.co.jp) Kao Chemical Corp. Shanghai, 1500 Bei Song Road, Min Hang District, Shanghai, 201111, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 6409 2880; FAX: 86 21 6409 2881; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://kaochemsh.com.cn/default1.htm) Kao (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., 150 Beach Rd., #29-00 Gateway West, Singapore, 189720, Singapore (Tel: 6298 9664; FAX: 6298 8114; Internet: http://www.kao.com.sg/) Kao Corp. (France) SARL, 2 rue Eugene et Armand Peugeot, 92500 Rueil Malmaison, France (Tel: 33 1 47 16 40; FAX: 33 1 47 49 40 67) Kao Chemicals GmbH, Kupferstrasse 1, 46446 Emmerich, Germany (Tel: 49 2822 7110; FAX: 49 2822 711201; Internet: http://www.kaochemicals.de/) Kao Specialties Americas LLC, 243 Woodbine St., PO Box 2316, High Point, NC, 27261, USA (Tel: 336-884-2214; 800727-2214; FAX: 336-884-8786; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ksallc.com/) Kaopolite, Inc. 2444 Morris Avenue, Union, NJ, 07083, USA (Tel: 908-789-0609; FAX: 908-851-2974) Katsuta Kako K.K. 1150 Sezaki-cho, soka-shi, Saitama-ken, 3400022, Japan (Tel: 81 048-922-3381; FAX: 81 048-922-3385; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.katsutakako.co.jp) Kaufholz & Co., Inc. 1774 Del Mar Avenue, Laguna Beach,, CA, 92651-3012, USA (Tel: 949 499 2840; FAX: 949 499 2870) Kawaguchi Chemical Co., Ltd. No 9-2,Nihonbashi Honcho 3-Chome, Chuoku, Tokyo, 103-0023, Japan (Tel: 81 3 36627177; FAX: 81 3 3639-9100; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kawaguchichemical.co.jp/) Kawaken Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. Horidome Bldg., 2-3-3, Nihombashi Horidomecho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0012, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3663 9521; FAX: 81 3 3661 5630; Internet: http://www.kawakenfc.co.jp/)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Kawamura Kasei Industry Co., Ltd. 1-1-12, Shonai Nishi-machi, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka, 561, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6334 2051) Kemira Kemira Pigments Oy , Titaantie 1, 28840 Pori, Finland (Tel: 358 10861415; FAX: 358 108631149; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kemira.com) Kemira Kemi AB, Industrigatan 83, PO Box 902, SE-251 09 Helsingborg, Sweden (Tel: 46 42 17 10 00; FAX: 46 42 14 06 35; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kemirakemi.com/) Kemira Chemicals AS, Øraveien 14, 1630 Gamle Fredrikstad, Norway (Tel: 47 69 358 585; FAX: 47 69 358 595) Kemira Danmark AS, Måde Industrivej 19, DK-6705 Esbjerg, Denmark (Tel: 45-7545 2555; FAX: 45-7545 2575) Kemira ChemSolutions b.v., Papesteeg 91, P.O. Box 60, NL-4000 AB TIEL, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 3446 15224; FAX: 313446-11475; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kemira.com) Kemira Chemicals BV, PO Box 1015, 3180 AA Rozenburg, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 181 282211; FAX: 31 181 282513; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kemwater.nl/) Kemira Chemicals (UK) Ltd., Kemwater, Div. of Kemira Oy, New Potter Grange Rd., M62 Trading Estate, Goole, DN14 6BZ, UK (Tel: 44 1405 765 131; FAX: 44 1405 765 147; Email: [email protected]) Kemira Chimie SA, Route de Mothern, Zone Portuaire, 67630 Lauterbourg, France (Tel: 33 3 8854 9850; FAX: 33 3 8854 9851; Email: [email protected]) Kemira SA NV, Avenue Einstein 11, BE-1300 WAVRE, Belgium (Tel: 32 10 880 988; FAX: 32 10 880 989; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kemirachemicals.be) Kemira Germany GmbH, Innovationspark, Marie-Curie-Strasse 10, D-51377 Leverkusen, Germany (Tel: 49 214 20690 0; FAX: 49 214 20690 254) Kemira Iberica SA, Gran Via Corts Catalanas 641, 08010 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 412 3050; FAX: 34 93 412 0884; Internet: http://www.kemiraiberica.com) 2724

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Kemira Water Solutions, Inc. 316 Bartow Municipal Airport, Bartow, FL, 33830, USA (Tel: 863-533-5990; 888KEMIRON; FAX: 863-533-7077; Internet: http://www.kemiron.com) Kenrich Petrochemicals, Inc. 140 E. 22nd St., PO Box 32, Bayonne, NJ, 07002-0032, USA (Tel: 201-823-9000; 866536-7424; FAX: 201-823-0691; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.westnet.com/~kpiemm/) Kerry Group Kerry Specialty Ingredients, Div. of Kerry Group plc, 100 E. Grand Ave., Beloit, WI, 53511, USA (Tel: 608-363-1515; 800-3287517; FAX: 608-363-1670; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kerrygroup.com; http://www.kerryingredients.com) Kerry Ingredients UK, Div. of Kerry Group plc, Bradley Road, Royal Portbury Dock, Bristol, BS20 7NZ, UK (Tel: 44 1275 378 500; FAX: 44 1275 378 555; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kerryingredients.co.uk) Kerry Bio-Science, Div. of Kerry Group plc, 5115 Sedge Blvd., Hoffman Estates, Il, 60192, (Tel: 847-645-7340; 800-345-4873; FAX: 847-645-7341; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kerryamericas.com) Sheffield Prods., Div. of Kerry Group plc, 158 State Highway 320, Norwich, NY, 13815, USA (Tel: 800-833-8308; FAX: 607-3345022; Internet: http://www.sheffieldproducts.com; http://www.kerrygroup.com) Kessler Chemical, Inc. 77 West Broad St., Unit 21A, Bethlehem, PA, 18018, USA (Tel: 610-758-9602; FAX: 610758-9615; Internet: http://www.kesslerchemical.com) Keystone Universal Corp. 18400 Rialto, PO Box 3241, Melvindale, MI, 48122, USA (Tel: 313-388-0063; FAX: 313388-6495; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.keystoneuniversal.com) KIC Chemicals, Inc. 84 Business Park Drive, Armonk, NY, 105040437, USA (Tel: 914-273-6555; FAX: 914273-6760; E-mail: [email protected]; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Internet: http://www.kicchemicals.com; http://www.kicgroup.com) KIK International 33 Macintosh Blvd., Concord, ONT, 77054, USA (Tel: 905-660-0444; 800-276-8260; FAX: 905-660-7333; Internet: http://www.kikcorp.com/) Kimpton Brothers Ltd. 10-14 Hewett St., London, EC2A 3RL, UK (Tel: 44 20 7456 9999; FAX: 44 20 7247 2784; Internet: http://www.kimpton.co.uk) Kimson Chemical Inc. 24 Crescent St., #307, Waltham, MA, 02453, USA (Tel: 781 893-6878; FAX: 781 8936881) Kingfood Australia Pty. Ltd. 9 Garling Road, Kings Park, NSW, 2148, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9679 5800; FAX: 61 2 8814 9543; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kingfood.com.au) King Industries King Industries, Inc., Science Rd., Norwalk, CT, 06852, USA (Tel: 203-866-5551; 800431-7900; FAX: 203-866-1268; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kingindustries.com/) King Industries International, Noordkade 64, 2741 EZ Waddinxveen, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 182 631360; FAX: 31 182 621002; E-mail: [email protected]) Kingsfield Inc. 184 Central Ave., Suite 100, Old Tappan, NJ, 07675, USA (Tel: 201-767-0414; FAX: 201767-0743; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kingsfieldinc.com) Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd. 3-1 Honmachibashi,, Chuo-ku, Osaka City, Japan (Tel: 81-6-6946 8061; FAX: 81-66946 1607; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kishida.co.jp) Kleencare Hygiene Duke Ave., Stanley Green Trading Estate, Cheadle, Cheshire, SK8 6RB, UK (Tel: 44 161 485 6166; FAX: 44 161 488 4127) Klinge Chemicals Ltd. 1 Bessemer Dr., Kelvin Industrial Estate, East Kilbride, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, G75 0QX, Scotland UK (Tel: 44 1355 238464; FAX: 44 1355 264328; E-mail: sales@klinge2725

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory chemicals.co.uk; Internet: http://www.klinge-chemicals.co.uk) Kobayashi Perfumery Co., Ltd. 4-7-2, Nihonbashi Hon-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3241 3901; FAX: 81 3 3241 3906; Internet: http://www.kobayashikoryo.co.jp) Kobo Products Kobo Products, Inc., 690 Montrose Ave., South Plainfield, NJ, 07080, USA (Tel: 908757-0033; FAX: 908-757-0905; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.koboproductsinc.com/) KOBO Products Sarl, 11 Ave. de l'Europe, 31520 Ramonville St. Agne, France (Tel: 33 5 62 88 77 40; FAX: 33 5 62 88 77 49; Email: [email protected]) Koch Nitrogen Co. 4111 E. 37th St. N., Wichita, KS, 67220, USA (Tel: 316-828-5500; FAX: 316-828-5739; Internet: http://www.kochfertilizer.com/) Koei Chemical Co., Ltd. Subsid. of Sumitomo Chem. Co. Ltd., 12-13, Hanaten-nishi 2-chome, Joto-ku, Osaka, 536-0011, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6961-0252; FAX: 81 6 6961-0498; Internet: http://www.koeichem.com) Dr. W. Kolb Dr. W. Kolb AG, Maienbrunnenstrasse 1, CH8908 Hedingen, Switzerland (Tel: 41 1 762 46 46; FAX: 41-1 762 46 00; E-mail: http://www.kolb.ch; Internet: http://www.kolb.ch) Dr. W. Kolb Nederland B.V., PO Box 123, NL-4790 AC Klundert, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 168 38 70 80; FAX: 31 168 33 04 81) Kolb (Asia Support Office Surfactants), 40, Jalan Intan 1/5, Taman Puchong Intan, 47100 Selangor, Malaysia (Tel: 60 3 572 5286; FAX: 60 3 572 5293; E-mail: [email protected]) Koppers Industries, Inc./Carbon Materials and Chemicals Div. 436 Seventh Ave,, Pittsburgh, PA, 152191800, (Tel: 412-227-2001; 800-321-9876; FAX: 412-227-2202; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.koppers.com) Koster Keunen Koster Keunen, Inc., 1021 Echo Lake Rd., PO Box 69, Watertown, CT, 06795-0069, USA (Tel: 860-945-3333; FAX: 860-945Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

0330; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kosterkeunen.com/) Koster Keunen Holland B.V., Postbus 53, 5530 AB Bladel, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 4973 61010; FAX: 31 4973 87902; E-mail: [email protected]) Kowa American Corp. Subsid. of Kowa Co. Ltd., Japan, 55 E. 59th St., 19th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA (Tel: 212-303-7800; 800-221-2076; FAX: 212-310-0101; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kowa.com) Kraeber GmbH & Co. Pharmazeutische Rohstoffe, Waldhotstrasse 14, 25474 Ellerbek, Germany (Tel: 49 4101 3053 0; FAX: 49 4101 3053 90; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kraeber.de/) Kraft Chemical Co. 1975 N. Hawthorne, Melrose Park, IL, 60160, USA (Tel: 708-345-5200; 800-345-5200; FAX: 708-345-4005; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kraftchemical.com) W. Kündig & Cie AG Stampfenbachstrasse 38, CH-8023 Zurich, Switzerland (Tel: 41.44.368 25 25; FAX: 41.44.368 25 05; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kuendig.com) Kuraray Kuraray Co. Ltd., Shin Hankyu Bldg., 1-12-39, Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6348 2111; FAX: 81 6 6348 2165; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kuraray.co.jp) Kuraray America Inc., 600 Lexington Avenue, 26th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA (Tel: 212-986-2230; FAX: 212-867-3543; Internet: http://www.kuraray-am.com/) Kuraray Europe GmbH, Schiess-Strasse 68, 40549 Dusseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 538880; FAX: 49 211 538848; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kuraray.de) Kuraray Hong Kong Co. Ltd., Hong Kong's Tsim Sha Tsui, Canton Road on the 21st Gateway Building, Kowloon, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2377 3781; FAX: 852 2377 9703) Kyowa Chemical Industry Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 4035 Hayashida-cho, Sakaide, Kagawa, 7620012, Japan (Tel: 81 877 47 4700; FAX: 81 2726

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 0877 47 4720; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kyowachem.co.jp) Kyowa America Corp., 14600 Hoover St., Westminster, CA, 92626, USA (Tel: 714889-6600; FAX: 714-889-6699; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kyowaamerica.com) Kyowa Hakko Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co. Ltd., Ohtemachi Bldg., 1-6-1, Ohte-machi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-8185, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3282 0007; FAX: 81 3 3284 1968; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.kyowa.co.jp) Kyowa Hakko USA Inc., 85 Enterprise, Suite 430, Aliso Viejo, CA, 92656, USA (Tel: 949425-0707; FAX: 949-425-0708; Internet: http://www.kyowa-usa.com) Lakeland Laboratories Ltd. Peel Lane, Astley Green, Tyldesley, Manchester, M29 7FE, UK (Tel: 44 1942 873555; FAX: 44 1942 884409; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lakeland-labs.co.uk/) Lake States/Yeast Div. Div. of Rhinelander Paper Co. Inc., 515 W. Davenport St., Rhinelander, WI, 54501, USA (Tel: 715-369-4397; FAX: 715-3694034; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wplakestates.com) Lallemand Bio-Ingredients 5494 Notre Dame East, Monrtreal, Quebec, H1N 2C4, Canada (Tel: 514-251-3611; 866773-4246; FAX: 514-905-4246; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bio-lallemand.com) Lambent Technologies Corp. A Petroferm Co., 3938 Porett Drive, Gurnee, IL, 60076-4093, USA (Tel: 800-432-7187; FAX: 847-249-6792; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lambentcorp.com) Lamberti spa via Marsala, 38/D, 21013 Gallarate (VA), Italy (Tel: 39 0331 715111; FAX: 39 0331 775577; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lamberti.com) Lambiotte & Cie 18, Av. des Aubépines, 1180 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 374 44 65; FAX: 32 2 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

375 31 55; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lambiotte.com) Henry Lamotte GmbH PO Box 103849, Merkurstrasse 47, 28197 Bremen, Germany (Tel: 49 421 5239 46 0; FAX: 49 421 5239199; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lamotte.de) Lanaetex Products, Inc. 151-157 Third Ave., Elizabeth, NJ, 07206, USA (Tel: 908-351-9700; FAX: 908-3518753) Lancaster Synthesis Lancaster Synthesis UK, Div. of Johnson Matthey, Eastgate, White Lund, Morecambe, Lancashire, LA3 3PT, UK (Tel: 44 1524 36101; FAX: 44 1524 39727; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lancastersynthesis.com) Lancaster Synthesis Ltd (France), 15 Rue de l'Atome, Zone Industrielle, 67800 Bischheim, Strasbourg, France (Tel: 33 3 88 62 26 90; FAX: 33 3 88 62 26 81) Lancaster Synthesis GmbH, Postfach 15 18, 63155 Mühlheim am Main, Germany (Tel: 49 6108 73019; FAX: 49 6108 74814; Email: [email protected]) Lancaster Synthesis, Inc., Div. of Johnson Matthey, PO Box 1000, Windham, NH, 03087-9977, USA (Tel: 603-889-3306; 800238-2324; FAX: 603-889-3326; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.alfa.com) Lance Products Inc. 48 Long Point Dr., Shore Acres, NJ, 08723, USA (Tel: 732-291-3912; FAX: 732-8721518; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lanceproducts.com/) Landers-Segal Color Co. Inc. (LANSCO Colors) 305 West Grand Ave., Montvale, NJ, 07645, USA (Tel: 201-307-5995; 888-4-LANSCO; FAX: 201-307-5855; Internet: http://www.pigments.com/) Land O'Lakes Inc. P.O. Box 64101, Saint Paul, MN, 55164-0101, USA (Tel: 651-481-2123; 800-328-9680; FAX: 651-481-2000; Internet: http://www.international.landolakes.com) Langley-Smith & Co. Ltd. 1-3 Norton Folgate, London, E1 6DB, UK (Tel: 44 207 247 7473; FAX: 44 207 375 1470; E2727

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.langley-smith.co.uk) Lanxess Lanxess AG, Building K 10, 51369 Leverkusen, Germany (Tel: 49 214 30 33333; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lanxess.com) Lanxess Corp., 111 RIDC Park West Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15275-1112, USA (Tel: 1800-LANXESS; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://us.lanxess.com/) L C United Chemical Corp. 36 Hoping St., Louchu County, Taoyuan, Taiwan (Tel: 886 3 324 4833 ext.15; FAX: 886 3 324 5980; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lcunited.com) The Lebermuth Co. Inc. 14000 McKinley Hwy., Mishawaka, IN, 46545, USA (Tel: 219-259-7000; 800-648-1123; FAX: 800-852-4722; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lebermuth.com) Lehmann & Voss Lehmann & Voss & Co., Alsterufer 19, D20354 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 44197 0; FAX: 49 40 44197 219; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lehvoss.de) Lehvoss France S.A.R.L., 10, rue des Forts, F - 28500 Chérisy, France (Tel: 33 2374 30530; FAX: 33 2374 30531; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lehvoss.fr) Lenape Industries, Inc. 120 Old Camplain Rd., Hillsborough, NJ, 08844, USA (Tel: 908-526-6800; FAX: 908526-7430; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lenape.com/) Leprino Foods 1830 W. 38 Ave., Denver, CO, 80211, USA (Tel: 303-480-2600; 800-LEPRINO; FAX: 303-480-2605; Internet: http://www.leprinofoods.com) Leverton-Clarke Ltd. Unit 16, Sherrington Way, Lister Rd Industrial Estate, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 4DQ, UK (Tel: 44 1256 810393; FAX: 44 1256 479324; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.levclark.demon.co.uk/) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Liberty Natural Products Inc. 20949 S. Harris Road, Oregon City, OR, 97045, USA (Tel: 503-631-4488; 800-2898427; FAX: 503-631-2424; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.libertynatural.com) Lidochem, Inc. 20 Village Ct., Hazlet, NJ, 07730, USA (Tel: 732-888-8000; FAX: 732-264-2751; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lidochem.com) Lintech International P.O. Box 10225, Macon, GA, 31297, USA (Tel: 800-652-9297; FAX: 478-784-1745; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.2lintech.com/) Lipo Lipo Chemicals Inc., 207 19th Ave., Paterson, NJ, 07504, USA (Tel: 973-3458600; FAX: 973-345-8365; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lipochemicals.com/) Lipo do Brasil Ltda., Rua Ptolomeu, 407, Bairro Socorro, Sao Paulo SP, 04762-040, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 2124 5300; FAX: 55 11 2124 5322; E-mail: [email protected]) Lipoquimia, S.A. de C.V., Tenayuca No. 72, Fracc. Ind. San Nicolas, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de Mexico, CP 54030, Mexico (Tel: 525 5 5090-9650; FAX: 525 5 5390-7799; E-mail: [email protected]) Lipo Chemicals Argentina S.A., Av. Fondo de la Legua 537 - (B1609JEF) San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54 11 47008828; FAX: 54 11 4700-8886; E-mail: [email protected]) Lipo Chile S.A., Cordillera 331, MOD C-11, Parque Industrial, Vespucio Oeste, Quilicura, Santiago, Chile (Tel: 56 2 739 1402; FAX: 56 2 739 1403; E-mail: [email protected]) Lipo France S.A.S., 12, Avenue Du Quebec, Courtaboeuf 1, Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 69 86 13 30; FAX: 33 1 69 86 18 59; E-mail: [email protected]) Lipo Chemicals Shanghai Co., Ltd., Room302, Building C South, No.787, Xie He Road, Shanghai, 200335, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 5216 0787; FAX: 86 21 5216 0780) Lipoid Lipoid GmbH, Frigenstrasse 4, D-67065 Ludwigshafen, Germany (Tel: 49 621 53819 2728

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 0; FAX: 49-621-553; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lipoid.com) Lipoid AG, Alte Steinhauserstr. 19, 6330 Cham, Switzerland (Tel: 41 41 7 41 74 08; FAX: 41 41 7 41 73 36) LKT Laboratories, Inc. 2233 University Avenue West, St. Paul,, MN, 55114-1629, USA (Tel: 651-644-8424; 888558-5227; FAX: 651-644-8357; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lktlabs.com) Lluch Essence C/.Lo Gaiter, 160, 08820 Prat de Uobregat, Spain (Tel: 34 93 379 38 49; FAX: 34 93 370 65 04; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lluchessence.com) Loders Croklaan Loders Croklaan B.V., Hogeweg 1, PO Box 4, 1520 AZ Wormerveer, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 75 629 2911; FAX: 31 75 628 9455; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.croklaan.com) Loders Croklaan B.V., Woodford Green, IG8 9WR, UK (Tel: 44 208 504 7404; FAX: 44 208 504 7504; E-mail: [email protected]) Loders Croklaan Italia, Via Marcobi 8, I21100 Varese, Italy (Tel: 39 03 3228 8613; FAX: 39 03 3228 8637; E-mail: [email protected]) Loders Croklaan Russia, Office 46, 5 Malaya, Pirogovskayastreet 5, 119435 Moscow, Russia (Tel: 7 9 5775 0668; FAX: 7 9 5775 0669; E-mail: [email protected]) Loders Croklaan S. Africa, PO Box 201601, Durban North, 4016, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 31 764 0462; FAX: 27 31 764 0462; Email: [email protected]) Loders Croklaan Inc., 24708 W. Durkee Rd., Channahon, IL, 60410-5249, USA (Tel: 815730-5200; 800-621-4710; FAX: 815-7305202; E-mail: [email protected]) Loders Croklaan Canada, Kipling Ave. Etobicoke 2141, Ontario, Ontario, M9W 6T1, Canada (Tel: 866-558-5556; FAX: 416-2433022; E-mail: [email protected]) Loders Croklaan Brazil, Av. Dr. Guilherme Dumont Villares, 1715, conj. 3C, Sao Paulo, 05640 003, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 374 65439; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FAX: 55 11 350 71182; E-mail: [email protected]) Loders Croklaan Asia Sdn Bhd, Plo 8 & 9, Jalan Timah, Industrial Estate, Pasir Gudang, Johor Bahru, 81700, Malaysia (Tel: 60 7 251 1716; FAX: 60 7 251 1798; E-mail: [email protected]) Loders Croklaan China, Room D306-307, 2633 Yan An Rd. (W), Shang-Mira Commercial Centre 2633, Shanghai, 200336, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 6270 6032; FAX: 86 21 6270 6032; E-mail: [email protected]) Lohmann Chemicals, Dr. Paul Lohmann GmbH KG Hauptstrasse 2, 31860 Emmerthal, Germany (Tel: 49 5155 63 0; FAX: 49 5155-63134; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lohmannchemikalien.de) L.V. Lomas 99 Summerlea Rd., Brampton, ON, L6T 4V2, Canada (Tel: 905-458-1555; 800-575-3382; FAX: 905-458-0722; Internet: http://www.lvlomas.com) Lonza Lonza Group Ltd., Member of the AlusuisseLonza Group, Münchensteinerstrasse 38, 4002 Basel, Switzerland (Tel: 41 61 316 8111; FAX: 41 61 316 91 11; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lonza.com) Lonza Wokingham Ltd., 1 Ashville Way, Wokingham, Berkshire, RG412PL, UK (Tel: 44 1189 979 5234; FAX: 44 1189 979 5231; E-mail: [email protected]) Lonza France SARL, Div. of Alusuisse, 55, rue Aristide Briand, 92309 Levallois-Perret Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 40 89 99 00; FAX: 33 1 40 89 99 01; E-mail: [email protected]) Lonza GmbH, Morianstrasse 32, Postfach 13 14 53, Wuppertal, 42103, Germany (Tel: 49 202 2453813; FAX: 49 202 2453810; Email: [email protected]) Lonza Ibérica SA, Via Augusta, n° 18, 2° Izq., 08006 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 238 54 60; FAX: 34 93 416 02 28; E-mail: [email protected]) Lonza Inc., Member of the Alusuisse-Lonza Group, 90 Boroline Road, Allendale, NJ, 07401, USA (Tel: 201-316 9200; FAX: 201785 9989; E-mail: 2729

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lonza.com) Lonza Benelux BV, Aluminiumstraat 1, Breda, 4823 AL, the Netherlands (Tel: 31 76 542 51 00; FAX: 31 76 542 40 70; E-mail: [email protected]) Lonza Ltd. India Liaison Office, Technology Street, Hiranandani Gardens, Delta, 401-C, 4th Floor, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 076, India (Tel: 91 22 2570 8869; FAX: 91 22 2570 4204; E-mail: [email protected]) Lonza Japan Ltd., Kyowa Shinkawa Bldg 8F, 2-20-8, Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 1040033, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5566 0612; FAX: 81 3 5566 0619; E-mail: [email protected]) Lonza Guangzhou Ltd., 39 Jinhui Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510288, P.R. China (Tel: 86 20 8433 8998; FAX: 86 20 8433 1998; E-mail: [email protected]) Lonza do Brasil Especialidades Quimica, Rua Carmo do Rio Verde, 241-5 andar, Conjuntos 51 Santo Amaro, Sao Paulo, 04729-010, Brasil (Tel: 55 11 5641 6766; 55 11 5641 6766 x288; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lonza.com.br/) Loos & Dilworth, Inc. 61 E. Green Lane, PO Box 25, Bristol, PA, 19007, USA (Tel: 215-785-3591; 800-2295667; FAX: 215-785-3597; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.loosanddilworth.com) Lothar Streeck Bötelkamp 34, PO Box 54 08 62, 22508 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 560 25 89; FAX: 49 40 560 73 03; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lothar-streeck.de) Lubrizol The Lubrizol Corp., 29400 Lakeland Blvd., Wickliffe, OH, 44092-2298, USA (Tel: 440943-4200; 800-522-4125; FAX: 440-9435337; Internet: http://www.lubrizol.com) Lubrizol Deutschland GmbH, Billbrookdeich 157, 2213 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 731 0970; FAX: FAX 49 40 731 09710) Lubrizol Advanced Materials Asia Pacific Limited, Lubrizol, 1107-1110 Shui On Centre, 6-8 Harbour Rd., Wanchai, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2508 1021; FAX: 852 2512 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2241; Internet: http://www.asiapacific.noveoninc.com) Lubrizol Southeast Asia (Pte) Ltd., 41 Science Park Road, 04-11 Gemini Building, Singapore Science Park II, 117610, Singapore (Tel: 65 6773 1180; FAX: 65 6773 6988) Lucid Colloids Ltd. 401A Navbharat Estates, Zakaria Bunder Rd, Sweri West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 015, India (Tel: 91 22 2415 8059; FAX: 91 22 2415 8074; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lucidgroup.com/) Lucta S.A. Poligono Industrial Parellada, Calle Can Parellada s/n, 08170 Montornés del Vallés (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 93 845 8888; FAX: 34 93 845 9812; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lucta.com) The O.C. Lugo Co., Inc. 321 N. Main St., New City, NY, 10956, USA (Tel: 845-708-7080; FAX: 845-708-7081; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.oclugo.com) D.N. Lukens Inc. 15 Old Flanders Rd., Westborough, MA, 01581, USA (Tel: 508-366-1300; 800-3LUKENS; FAX: 508-366-0771; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.dnlukens.com) AB R Lundberg Box 104, Frihamnsallen 7, 201 21 Malmo, Sweden (Tel: 46 40 698 1100; FAX: 46 40 698 1101; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.norfoods.se/lundberg) Lutianhua Group Inc. Naxi, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646300, P.R. China (Tel: 86 830 4122654; FAX: 86 830 4122683) Luzenac Luzenac America, Inc., 345 Inverness Drive South, Suite 310, Centennial, CO, 80112, USA (Tel: 303-643-0400; 800-325-0299; FAX: 303-643-0446; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.luzenac.com) Luzenac Europe, 2, place Edouard Bouilleres, BP 1162, 31036 Toulouse Cedex 1, France (Tel: 33 5 61 50 20 20; FAX: 33 5 61 50 20 00) 2730

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Luzenac Asia, 3 International Business Park, #01-18, Nordic European Centre, Singapore, 609927, (Tel: 65 6890 6926; FAX: 65 6890 6927) Luzenac Australia, Level 22, Central Park, 152-158 St. Georges Terrace, Perth 6837, (Tel: 61 8 9327 2277; FAX: 91 8 9327 2278) LycoRed LycoRed Limited, PO Box 320, Beer Sheva, 84102, Israel (Tel: 972-8-6296994; FAX: 972-8-6296310; Internet: http://www.lycored.com) LycoRed Sàrl, Rheinweg 7, 8200 Schaffhausen, Switzerland (Tel: 41 52 6340808; FAX: 41 52 6340800; Internet: http://www.lycored.com) LycoRed Limited, Priory Park, Mills Road, Aylesford, ME20 7PP, UK (Tel: 44 1622 713700; FAX: 44 1622 713745; Internet: http://www.lycored.com) LycoRed Corp., 377 Crane St., Orange, NJ, 07051, USA (Tel: 877-LYCORED; FAX: 973-882-0323; Internet: http://www.lycored.com) Lyondell Lyondell Chemical Co., 1221 McKinney St., P.O. Box 3646, Houston, TX, 77253-3646, USA (Tel: 713-652-7200; 888-777-0232; FAX: 713-309-4944; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.lyondell.com) Lyondell Chimie France SNC, B.P. 201, 13775 Fos-sur-Mer Cedex, France (Tel: 33.4.42.47.51.00) Lyondell Chemical Nederland, Ltd., Postbus 2416, 3000 CK Rotterdam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 10 275 5500; FAX: 31 10 275 5599) Lyondell Asia Pacific, Ltd., 41st Fl., The Lee Gardens, 33 Hysan Ave., Causeway Bay, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2822 2668; FAX: 852 2840 1690) Lyondell South Asia Pte. Ltd, 250 North Bridge Road #14-03/04, Raffles City Tower, Singapore, 179101, Singapore (Tel: 65 6880 2345) Macfarlan Smith Ltd. Div. of Johnson Mathey, 10 Wheatfield Road, Midlothian, Edinburgh, EH11 2QA, Scotland UK (Tel: 44 131 337 2434; FAX: 44 131 337 9813; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.macsmith.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Madison Industries Inc. Old Waterworks, P.O. Box 194, Old Bridge, NJ, 08857, USA (Tel: 732-727-2225; 800275-3924; FAX: 732-727-2653; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.oldbridgechem.com/) Mafco Worldwide Corp. 3rd St. & Jefferson Ave., Camden, NJ, 08104, USA (Tel: 856-968-4054; FAX: 856-5418925; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.magnasweet.com) Magie Bros. Oil Co. Div. of Penreco, 9101 Fullerton Ave., PO Box 1089, Franklin Park, IL, 60131-1089, USA (Tel: 847-455-4500; 800-MAGIE 47; FAX: 847-455-0383) Magnablend, Inc. 326 North Grand Avenue, Waxahachie, TX, 75165, USA (Tel: 972-938-2028; FAX: 972938-8203; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.magnablend.com) Magna-Kron Corp. 640 Herman Rd., Suite 1, Jackson, NJ, 08527, USA (Tel: 732-928-5800; FAX: 732-9289227; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.magnakron.com) Magnesia GmbH Max-Jenne-Straße 2-4, Postfach 21 68, D21311 Lüneburg, Germany (Tel: 49 4131 8710 0; FAX: 49 4131 8710 50; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.magnesia.de) Makhteshim Agan Group Subsid. of Koor Industries, Golan Street, Airport City, Israel (Tel: 972 7 3232 1910; FAX: 7 3232 1074; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.maindustries.com/) Mallinckrodt Baker Mallinckrodt Baker, Inc., Div. of Mallinckrodt Inc., 222 Red School Lane, Phillipsburg, NJ, 08865, USA (Tel: 908-859-2151; 800-5822537; FAX: 908-859-9318; Internet: http://www.mallbaker.com) Mallinckrodt Baker S.A. de C.V., Fracc. Industrial Esfuerzo Nacional Xalostoc, Ecatepec Estado de Mexico, CP 55320, Mexico (Tel: 5255 5699 0250; FAX: 52-5755-2585; E-mail: 2731

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mallbaker.com) Mallinckrodt Baker B.V, Teugseweg 20, P.O. Box 1, 7400 AA, Deventer, The Netherlands (Tel: 31-570-687500; FAX: 31-570-687574; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mallbaker.com) Mallinckrodt Baker B.V., Teugseweg 20, P.O. Box 1, 7400 AA, Deventer, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 570 687500; FAX: 31 570 687574; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mallbaker.com) Mallinckrodt Baker Brazil, Av. das Nações Unidas, 12995 - cj23 - Brooklin Novo, São Paulo - SP, 04578-000, Brazil (Tel: 55112187-6200; Internet: http://www.mallbaker.com) Mallinckrodt Baker, France, 33 Avenue Philippe Auguste, Paris, 75011, (Tel: 33-144-64-89-71/2; FAX: 33-1-44-64-89-73; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mallbaker.com) Mallinckrodt Baker UK, 107/112 Leadenhall St., London, EC3A 4AH, UK (Tel: 44 1908 506000; FAX: 44 1908 503290; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mallbaker.com) Mallinckrodt Baker Deutschland, Im Leuschnerpark 4, Griesheim, 64347, Germany (Tel: 49 6155 667939; FAX: 49 6155 667940; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mallbaker.com) Mallinckrodt Baker Italia, Via P. Portaluppi 11/2, 20138 Milan, Italy (Tel: 39 02 580891; FAX: 39 02 58019264; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mallbaker.com) Mallinckrodt Baker Taiwan, No. 1, Sec 6, Jhong-hua Road, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, R.O.C. (Tel: 886-3-5181234; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mallbaker.com) Mallinckrodt Baker Sdn. Bhd., A-1201-2, 12th Floor, Kelana Brem Tower 1, Jalan SS7/15, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia (Tel: 60-3-703-0378; FAX: 60-3703-0405; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mallbaker.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Mallinckrodt Baker, Inc. c/o Tyco Healthcare Pte. Ltd., No. 26, Ang Mo Kio Industrial Park 2, #04-01, Singapore, 569507, Singapore (Tel: 65-64820-100; FAX: 65-64820-300) Malt Products Corp. 88 Market St., Saddle Brook, NJ, 07663, USA (Tel: 201-845-4420; 800-526-0180; FAX: 201-845-0028; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.maltproducts.com) Malvern Minerals Co. PO Box 1238, 220 Runyon St., Hot Springs, AR, 71902-1238, USA (Tel: 501-623-8893; FAX: 501-623-5113; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.malvernminerals.com/) Mane Mane S.A., 620, Route de Grasse, 06620 Le Bar Sur Loup, France (Tel: 33 4 93 09 70 00; FAX: 33 4 93 42 54 25; Internet: http://www.mane.com) Mane USA, Inc., 60 Demarest Dr., Wayne, NJ, 07470, USA (Tel: 973-633-5533; FAX: 973633-5538; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vmf-mane.com) Mane, Inc., 999 Tech Dr., Milford, OH, 45150, USA (Tel: 513-248-9876; 800-595-8936; FAX: 513-248-8808) Mane Philippines, Inc., Unit 601-610 Common Goal Tower, Finance cor. Industry Streets, Madrigal Business Park, Alabang, Muntinlupa City, 1701, Philippines (Tel: 632772-1353; FAX: 632-772-1352) Mane India Pvt. Ltd., Survey Nos. 586-587 (Beside BHEL-GE), Dundigal Village - 500 043, Qutbullapur Mandal, Ranga Reddy Dist., Andhra Pradesh, RH16 1NS, UK (Tel: (91) 8418-257228; FAX: (91) 8418-144128; E-mail: [email protected]) Manildra Group USA 4210 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Shawnee Mission, KS, 66205, USA (Tel: 913-3620777; 800-323-8435; FAX: 913-362-0052; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.manildrausa.com) Mann Formulated Products 2000 Saint John St., Easton, PA, 18042, USA (Tel: 800-556-2491; FAX: 610-252-6200; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mann-release.com) 2732

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Mantrose Mantrose Bradshaw Zinsser Group, An RPM Co., 1175 Post Road East, Westport, CT, 06880, USA (Tel: 203-454-1800; 800344-4229; FAX: 203-227-0558; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mbzgroup.com) Mantrose-Haeuser Co., A business of the William Zinsser Co., 1175 Post Road East, Westport, CT, 06880, USA (Tel: 203-4541800; 800-344-4229; FAX: 203-221-0558; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mbzgroup.com) Marcel Carrageenan 5th floor, First Marcel Tower, 926 Araneta Ave., Quezon City 1104, Metro Manila, Philippines (Tel: 63 2 712 2631; FAX: 63 2 712 1989; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.marcel.com.ph) Marcor Development Corp. 341 Michele Pl., Carlstadt, NJ, 07072, USA (Tel: 201-935-2111; FAX: 201-935-5223; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.marcordev.com) A.H. Marks & Co. Ltd. Wyke Lane, Wyke, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD12 9EJ, UK (Tel: 44 1274 691234; FAX: 44 1274 691176; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ahmarks.com) Marlin Chemicals Ltd. Marle Place, Marle Place Rd., Brenchely, Tonbridge, Kent, TN12 7HS, UK (Tel: 44 1892 724077; FAX: 44 1892 724099; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.marlinchemicals.co.uk) Martek Biosciences Corp. 6480 Dobbin Rd., Columbia, MD, 21045, USA (Tel: 410-740-0081; FAX: 410-740-2985; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.martekbio.com) Martin Marietta Magnesia Specialties 195 Chesapeake Park Plaza, Ste. 200, Baltimore, MD, 21220, USA (Tel: 410-7805500; 800-648-7400; FAX: 410-780-5777; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.magspecialties.com) Mason Chemical Co. 721 West Algonquin Rd., Arlington Heights, IL, 60005, USA (Tel: 847-290-1621; 800-3621855; FAX: 847-290-1625; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.maquat.com/) Mason Corp. 1049 US Rt. 41, Schererville, IN, 46375, USA (Tel: 219-865-8040; 800-326-3075; FAX: 219-322-3611; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tinchemical.com) Matheson Gas Products 166 Keystone Dr, Montgomeryville, PA, 18936, USA (Tel: 215-641-2700; FAX: 215-6412714; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mathesontrigas.com) Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 5-3, Kita-itami, Itami-shi, Hyogo, 664-8508, Japan (Tel: 81-72-771-2010; FAX: 81-72771-7447; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.matsutani.com) Matteson-Ridolfi, Inc. 14450 King Rd., PO Box 2129, Riverview, MI, 48192, USA (Tel: 734-479-4500; FAX: 734479-1630; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mattrid.com/) Maybrook Inc. Div. of Tri-K Industries, 570 Broadway, PO Box 68, Lawrence, MA, 01842, USA (Tel: 978682-1853; FAX: 978-682-2544) Maypro Industries Maypro Industries, Inc., 2700 Westchester Ave., Purchase, NY, 10577, USA (Tel: 914251-0701; FAX: 914-251-0746; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.maypro.com) Maypro Japan, No. 110 Akasaka 7 Bankan, 76-41 Akasaka, Minato-Ku,, Tokyo, 1070052, Japan (Tel: 81-3-3568-2688; FAX: 813-3584-2002; E-mail: [email protected]) Maypro China, Rm. 1702 CITS Bldg. No. 1277, West Beijing Road, Shanghai, 200041, P.R.C. (Tel: 86-21-6289-2943; FAX: 86-21-6289-2107; E-mail: [email protected]) Maypro Russia, Russia (Tel: 7-095-998-8179; FAX: 1-208-974-63; E-mail: [email protected]) Mays Chemical Co., Inc. 5611 E. 71st St., Indianapolis, IN, 46220, USA (Tel: 317-842-8722; FAX: 317-842-4604; Internet: http://www.mayschem.com/)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory McGean-Rohco McGean-Rohco, Inc., 2910 Harvard Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44105-3010, USA (Tel: 216441-4900; 800-932-7006; FAX: 216-4411377; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mcgean.com/) McGean-Rohco (UK) Ltd., Qualcast Rd., Lower Horseley Fields, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, WV1 2QP, UK (Tel: 44 1902 456563; FAX: 44 1902 457443; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mcgean-rohco.co.uk) McIntyre McIntyre Group Ltd., 24601 Governors Hwy., University Park, IL, 60466-4127, USA (Tel: 708-534-6200; 800-645-6457; FAX: 708534-6216; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mcintyregroup.com) McIntyre Chem. Co. Ltd., Holywell Green, Halifax, HX4 9DL, UK (Tel: 44 1422 312 200; FAX: 44 1422 312 222; E-mail: [email protected]) McIntyre Group Singapore Pte. Ltd., Blk 513, Bishan Town Centre Street 13 #01500, Singapore, 570513, Singapore (Tel: 65 354 3547; FAX: 65 353 9068; E-mail: [email protected]) MeadWestvaco Corp./World Headquarters 11013 West Broad Street, Glen Allen, VA, 23060, USA (Tel: 804-327-5200; Internet: http://www.meadwestvaco.com) Medallion International, Inc. 101 Riverdale Road, Riverdale, NJ, 07457, USA (Tel: 973-616-3401; FAX: 973-6163405) Meggle GmbH Megglestrasse 6-12, 83512 Wasserburg, Germany (Tel: 49 180-2 348; FAX: 49 80 71 73 320; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.meggle.de) Melchemie Holland bv Jansbuitensingel 20, Postbus 143, 6800 AC Arnhem, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 26 4451251; FAX: 31 26 4425093; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.melchemie.com/) Mentha & Allied Products Ltd. 309-311, 3rd Floor, Pragati Tower, 26 Rajendra Place, New Delhi, 110002, India (Tel: 91 11 25734201; FAX: 91 11 25734206; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.menthaallied.com) Menthol & Allied Products F - 26/1 Bulandshar Road Indl. Area, Site - 1, Ghaziabad, 201009, India (Tel: 91-01202700442; FAX: 91-0120-2700257; Internet: http://www.essentialoilsandaromachemic als.com) Mercator Inc. 560 Sylvan Ave., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 076323104, USA (Tel: 201-569-3533; FAX: 201569-7368; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://mercatorinc.com/) Merck Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany (Tel: 49 6151 720; FAX: 49 6151 722000; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.merck.de) Merck Chimie S.A.S., 201, Rue Carnot, 94126 Fontenay-sous-Bois Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 43 94 54 00; FAX: 33 1 4394 5125; Internet: http://www.merckchimie.fr/) Merck BV, Basisweg 34, Postbus 8198, 1005 AD Amsterdam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 20 4808 400; FAX: 31 20 4808 480; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.merck.nl) Merck (Schweiz) AG, Rüchligstrasse 20, Postfach 464, 8953 Dietikon, Switzerland (Tel: 41 17 45 1122; FAX: 41 17 45 1123; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.merck.ch) Merck Pty. Ltd., 207 Colchester Rd., Kilsyth, Victoria, 3137, Australia (Tel: 613-9-728 7600; FAX: 613-9-728 1351; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.merck.com.au) Messer Group GmbH Limespark, Otto-Volger-Strasse 3c, D-65843 Sulzbach, Germany (Tel: 49 6196 7760-0; FAX: 49 6196 7760-501; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.messergroup.com) Methanex 1800 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC, V6C 3M1, Canada (Tel: 604-661-2600; 800-661-8851; FAX: 604661-2676; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.methanex.com)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory M. Michel & Co., Inc. PO Box 788 Planetarium Station, New York, NY, 10024-0545, USA (Tel: 212-344-3878; FAX: 212-344-3880; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mmichel.com) Michelman Michelman, Inc., 9080 Shell Rd., Cincinnati, OH, 45236-1299, USA (Tel: 513-793-7766; 877-ADDITIV; FAX: 877-464-2436; 513793-2504; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.michem.com; http://www.expandingpaper.com) Michelman Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd., 1 Tuas Ave. 16, Singapore, 638924, Singapore (Tel: 65 861 2822; FAX: 65 861 2262; Email: [email protected]) Micro Powders, Inc. 580 White Plains Rd., Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA (Tel: 914-793-4058; FAX: 914-4727098; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.micropowders.com/) Midori Kagaku Co. Ltd. 1-25-1 Higashi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 171-0013, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3980 8808; FAX: 81 3 3980 8805; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.midorikagaku.co.jp/m060713/e_start_fr.htm) Midwest Grain Products Inc. 1300 Main St., PO Box 130, Atchison, KS, 66002-0130, USA (Tel: 913-367-1480; 800255-0302; FAX: 913-367-0192; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.midwestgrain.com) Mikuni Pharmaceutical Industrial Co., Ltd. 2-35, Kamisu-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka, 561, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6333 5971; FAX: 81 6 6333 3387; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mikuni-seiyaku.co.jp) Miljac Inc. 280 Elm St., New Canaan, CT, 06840, USA (Tel: 203-966-8777; FAX: 203-966-3577; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.miljac.com) Millennium Millennium Chemicals, Inc., Div. of Lyondell, 230 Half Mile Road, Red Bank, NJ, 07701, USA (Tel: 732-933-5000; FAX: 732-9335240; Internet: http://www.millenniumchem.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Millennium Inorganic Chemicals, Subsidiary of Lyondell Chemical, 20 Wight Ave., Suite 100, Hunt Valley, MD, 21030, USA (Tel: 410-229-4400; 800-638-3234; FAX: 410229-5003; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mic-global.com; http://www.millenniumchem.com) Millennium Chemicals/Fragrance & Flavor Div., 601 Crestwood St., Jacksonville, FL, 32208, USA (Tel: 904-768-5800; 800-2316728; FAX: 904-768-2200; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aromachem.com) Millennium Chemicals/Performance Chemicals, 2701 Broening Hwy., Baltimore, MD, 21222, USA (Tel: 410-288-0200; 800525-0731; FAX: 410-288-8857; Internet: http://www.millenniumchem.com) N.V. SCM Europe S.A., 141 Rue Saint Lambert, Bte. 2, 1200 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 771.2110; FAX: 32 2 772.4217) Millennium France, 85 ave. Victor Hugo, 92563 Rueil Malmaison Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 55 47 22 50; FAX: 33 1 55 47 22 51) Millennium Australia, 53 Quill Way, Henderson, WA, 6166, Australia (Tel: 61.8.9411.1222; FAX: 61.8.9411.1275) Millennium New Zealand, 49 C Nesdale Ave., Wiri, Manukaru City, Auckland, New Zealand (Tel: 64 9 570 9999; FAX: 64 9 279 7105) Millennium Singapore, 1 Fifth Ave., #03-04 Guthrie House, Singapore, 268802, Singapore (Tel: 65.468.7838; FAX: 65.468.1902) Millennium Shanghai Chemicals Trading Ltd., Suite B-I, 18th Floor, PuFa Tower, 588 Pudong Road (South), Shanghai, Pudong, 200120, P.R. China (Tel: 886.21.5879.8820; FAX: 86.21.68410428) Millennium Korea, 6/F Samdo Bldg., 1-170 Soonhwa-Dong, Chung-ku, Seoul, Korea (Tel: 82 2 779 4844; FAX: 822 779 4883) Milliken Milliken Chemical, Div. of Milliken & Co., PO Box 1927, M-400, 920 Milliken Road, Spartanburg, SC, 29304-1927, USA (Tel: 864-503-2200; 800-345-0372; FAX: 864503-2430; Internet: http://www.millikenchemical.com) Milliken Servicos, Av. das Nacoes Unidas, 12.551-22° floor/2205, Sao Paulo-SP,

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 04578-903, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 3043 7170; FAX: 55 11 3043 7096) Milliken Europe N.V., 18-24 Ham, 9000 Ghent, Belgium (Tel: 32 9 265 10 84; FAX: 32 9 265 11 95; E-mail: [email protected]) Milliken Asia Pte. Ltd., 438B Alexandra Rd., #08-04 Alexandra Technopark Blk B, Singapore, 119968, Singapore (Tel: 65 377 0770; FAX: 65 377 0990; E-mail: [email protected]) Millipore Corp. 290 Concord Road, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA (Tel: 800-645-4576; FAX: 800-645-5439; Internet: http://www.millipore.com) Mineral Research & Development Corp. One Woodlawn Green, Suite 350, 200 East Woodlawn Rd., Charlotte, NC, 28217, USA (Tel: 704-525-2771; 800-334-0417; FAX: 704-527-8232; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mrdc.com) Minerals Technologies, Inc. The Chrysler Bldg., 405 Lexington Ave., New York, NY, 10174-1901, USA (Tel: 212-8781800; 800-801-1031; FAX: 212-878-1801; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mineralstech.com) Ming Tai Chemical LLC 1142, Shin Hsien Rd, Bah-Der City, Taoyuan Hsien, Taiwan, 07092, R.O.C. (Tel: 886-33682295; FAX: 886-3-3681438; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mingtai.com) Mini Star International Inc. 21118 Commerce Pointe Dr., City of Industry, CA, 91789, USA (Tel: 909-598-3963; FAX: 909-598-5733; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ministar.com) Mississippi Lime Co. 3870 South Lindbergh Blvd., Suite 200, St. Louis, MO, 63127-1308, USA (Tel: 314-5436300; 800-437-5463; FAX: 314-543-6573; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mississippilime.com) Miteni SpA Loc. Colomboro, 36070 Trissino (VI), Italy (Tel: 39 0445 499511; FAX: 390445 963847; Internet: http://www.miteni.it) Mitsubishi Mitsubishi Chemical Corp., 1-23 Shiba 4chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0014, Japan Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Tel: 81 3-5441-4700; Internet: http://www.m-kagaku.co.jp/index_en.htm) Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods Corp., Div. of Mitsubishi Chemical Corp., 11-1,Shiba-koen 2-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0011, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3563 1513; FAX: 81 3 3563 1676; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mfc.co.jp) Mitsubishi Chemical Hong Kong Ltd., Unit 1303, 13th Floor, Tower 1, Admiralty Centre, 18 Harcourt Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2522 7031; FAX: 852 2868 1470; E-mail: [email protected]) Mitsubishi Chemical Singapore Pte. Ltd., 79 Anson Rd., #12-01, Singapore, 079906, Singapore (Tel: 65 6226 3707; FAX: 65 6226-1676) Mitsubishi Chemical Europe GmbH, Prinzenallee 13, D-40549 Dusseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 523 920; FAX: 49 211 591 272) Mitsubishi Chemical Europe GmbH, Prinzenallee 13, Duesseldorf, 40549, Germany (Tel: 49 211-523920; FAX: 49 211-591272) Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc., Mitsubishi Bldg., 2-5-2, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3283 4812; FAX: 81 3 3214 0938; Internet: http://www.mgc-a.com) Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Europe GmbH, Immermannstrasse 43, 40210 Dusseldorf 1, Germany (Tel: 49 211 363080; FAX: 49 211 354457; E-mail: [email protected]) Mitsubishi International Corp. (MIC), Wholly owned subsid. of Mitsubishi Corp., 655 Third Avenue, New York, NY, 10017, USA (Tel: 212-605-2000; 800-851-5765; FAX: 212605-2486; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.micusa.com) Mitsubishi International Food Ingredients, 5080 Tuttle Crossing Blvd., Suite 400, Dublin, OH, 43016-3502, USA (Tel: 614652-1033; 800-628-3092; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mifiusa.com) Mitsubishi International GmbH, Kennedydamm 19, 40476 Dusseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 439 70; FAX: 49 211 439 7333; E-mail: info-

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mitsubishicorp-de.com) Mitsui Mitsui & Co. France S.A.S., 19 rue Alphonse de Neuville, 75017 Paris, France (Tel: 33 1 44 01 70 00; FAX: 33 1 44 01 70 70; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mitsui.fr/) Mitsui & Co. (USA), Inc., 200 Park Ave., New York, NY, 10166, USA (Tel: 212-878-4000; FAX: 212-878-4800; Internet: http://www.mitsui.com) Mitsui & Co. (Australia) Ltd., Level 46, Gateway, 1 Macquarie Pl., Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9256 9500; FAX: 61 2 9251 1788; Internet: http://www.mitsui.com.au/) Mitsui Chemicals Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., Shiodome City Center, 5-2, Higashi-Shimbashi 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-7117, Japan (Tel: 81 3 6253 2100; FAX: 81 3 6253 4245; Internet: http://www.mitsui-chem.co.jp) Mitsui Chemicals America, Inc., 800 Westchester Ave., Suite N607, Rye Brook, NY, 10573, USA (Tel: 914-253-0777; 800682-2377; FAX: 914-253-0790; Internet: http://www.mitsuichemicals.com) MLG Enterprises Ltd. PO Box 52568, Turtle Creek, 1801 Lakeshore Road West, Mississauga, Ontario, L5J 4S6, Canada (Tel: 905-596-3330; FAX: 905-5692133; E-mail: [email protected]) MMP, Inc. 3470 S. Clinton Ave., South Plainfield, NJ, 07080, USA (Tel: 908-561-4435; FAX: 908561-4780; Internet: http://www.mmpinc.com) Moellhausen S.p.A. Via Torri Bianche, 9, 20059 Vimercate (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 039.685.6262; FAX: 39 039.685.6263; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.moellhausen.com) Molda AG Gartenstraße 13, D-21368 Dahlenburg, Germany (Tel: 49 5851 88-128; FAX: 49 5851 72 30; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.molda.de) Molecular BioSciences 4699 Nautilus Ct., Boulder, CO, 80301, USA (Tel: 303-581-7722; FAX: 303-581-0575; EHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.molbio.com) Molekula Molekula S.a.r.l., Z.I. du Chapelier, B.P. 83 St. Jean-de-Soudain, 38353 La Tour du Pin Cedex, France (Tel: 33 4 37 05 00 50; FAX: 33 4 37 05 00 51; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.molekula.co.uk/) Molekula Ltd., Technology House, Ferndown Industrial Estate, Wimborne, Dorset, BH21 7RR, UK (Tel: 44 1202 863000; FAX: 44 1202 863003; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.molekula.co.uk/) Molekula Deutschland, Werk Nienburg, Grosse Drakenburger Str. 93-97, 31582 Nienburg/Weser, Germany (Tel: 49 5021 988 341; FAX: 49 5021 988 342; E-mail: [email protected]) Molekula USA, 9648 Olive Blvd., Suite 239, St. Louis, MO, 63132-3002, USA (Tel: 314503-2245; FAX: 314-569-0893; E-mail: [email protected]) Monarch Food Colors 4639 Waldo Industrial Dr., High Ridge, MO, 63049, USA (Tel: 636-677-6622; FAX: 636677-6656; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.monarchfoodcolors.com) Monomer-Polymer & Dajac Labs, Inc. 1675 Bustleton Pike, Feasterville, PA, 19053, USA (Tel: 215-364-1155; FAX: 215-3641583; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.monomerpolymer.com) Monsanto Monsanto Co., Wholly owned subsid. of Pharmacia, 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63167, USA (Tel: 314-694-1000; FAX: 314-674-2211; Internet: http://www.monsanto.com) Monsanto Canada Inc., 900 - One Research Road, PO Box 667, Steetsville PO, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 6E3, Canada (Tel: 204-985-1000; 800-667-4944; Internet: http://www.monsanto.ca) Monsanto Europe S.A., Ave. de Tervuren 270-272, Boite 1, 1150 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 776.7600; FAX: 32 2 776.7600) Monsanto France SA, 1 Rue Jacques Monod, Europarc du Chene, 69673 Bron Cedex, 2737

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory France (Tel: 33 4 72 14 40 40; FAX: 33-47214-4141) Monsanto Danmark A/S, P.O. Box 659, DK2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark (Tel: 45 43 22 75 00; FAX: 45 4322 7599) Monsanto (Deutschland) GmbH, Vogelsanger Weg 91, 40470 Dusseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 36750; FAX: 49-2113675.341; Internet: http://www.monsanto.de) Monsanto Australia Ltd., St Kilda Road Central, Melbourne, Victoria, 8008, Australia (Tel: 61-3-9522-7122; FAX: 61-3-9522 6122; Internet: http://www.monsanto.com.au/) Monsanto Japan, Ginza Sannou Bldg. 8F, 410-10, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0061, Japan (Tel: 81 3 6226 6080; FAX: 81 3 3546 6191) Monsanto Singapore Co. (Pte) Ltd., 151 Lorong Chuan #06-08, New Tech Park, Singapore, 556741, Singapore (Tel: 65 6488 5501; FAX: 65 6488 5641) Montello Inc. 6106 E. 32nd Place, Ste. 100, Tulsa, OK, 74135, (Tel: 800-331-4628; FAX: 918-6651480; Internet: http://www.montelloinc.com) Moore Ingredients 9047 Sutton Pl., Hamilton, OH, 45011, USA (Tel: 513-881-7144; FAX: 513-881-7145; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.moorelab.com) Moravek Biochemicals 577 Mercury Lane, Brea, CA, 81711, USA (Tel: 714-990-2018; 800-447-0100; FAX: 714-990-1820; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.moravek.com) Moraya Global Private Ltd. Plot No. A-42, St. No. 2, MIDC, Andheri (East), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India (Tel: 99 22 830 1524; FAX: 91 22 836 4491; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.morayaglobal.com) Morre-Tec Industries, Inc. One Gary Rd., Union, NJ, 07083, USA (Tel: 908-688-9009; FAX: 908-688-9005; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.morretec.com) Morton Morton International Inc., Wholly owned subsid. of Rohm & Haas, 100 North Riverside Plaza, Chicago, IL, 60606, USA Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Tel: 312-807-2000; FAX: 312-807-2010; Internet: http://www.morton.com; http://www.rohmhaas.com) Morton Salt, A Rohm and Haas Company, 123 North Wacker Drive, Chicago, IL, 60606-1743, USA (Tel: 630-924-5516; 800789-SALT; FAX: 312-807-2899; Internet: http://www.mortonsalt.com/) Mosaic Atria Corporate Center, Suite E490, 3033 Campus Drive, Plymouth, MN, 55441, USA (Tel: 763.577.2700; 800-918-8270; FAX: 763.559.2860; Internet: http://www.mosaicco.com) Mosselman N.V./S.A. Route de Wallonie 4, 7011 Ghlin, Belgium (Tel: 32 65 395610; FAX: 32 65 395612; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mosselman.be) Motherland Herb-Pharmaceutical Inc. 1871 Wright Avenue, La Verne, CA, 91750, USA (Tel: 909-590-5471; FAX: 909-5905470; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.motherlandusa.com/) MP Biomedicals United States 29525 Fountain Pkwy., Solon, OH, 44139, USA (E-mail: ; Internet: http://www.mpbio.com) MR3 Systems, Inc. 435 Brannan Street, Ste. 200, San Francisco, CA, 94107-1780, USA (Tel: 415-947-1090; FAX: 415-947-1095; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mr3systems.com) Multichem Inc. 1570 rue Ampere, Suite 106, Boucherville, Quebec, J4B 7L4, Canada (Tel: 450-4496363; FAX: 450-449-5280; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.multichem.ca) Multi-Kem Corp. 553 Broad Ave., PO Box 538, Ridgefield, NJ, 07657-0538, USA (Tel: 201-941-4520; 800462-4425; FAX: 201-941-5239; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.multikem.com/) Musashino Chemical Laboratory, Ltd. Yaesu Daibiru, 1-1-1, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104, Japan webmaster@musashin (Tel: 81 3 3274 5501; FAX: 81 3-3278-9249; Internet: http://www.musashino.com) 2738

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Mutchler, Inc. 20 Elm Street, Harrington Park, NJ, 07640, USA (Tel: 201-768-1100; 800-630-3440; FAX: 201-768-9960; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mutchlerchem.com) M.W. International Inc. 225 Long Avenue, P.O. Box 308, Hillside, NJ, 07205, USA (Tel: 973-926-4025; FAX: 973926-0989; E-mail: [email protected]) Nagai Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. (Nagai Seiyakusho K.K.) 3-27-15, Chikko-shinmachi, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 592, Japan (Tel: 81 722 44 2321; FAX: 81 722 44 2818; Internet: http://www.nagaichemical.com/) Nalco Nalco Co., 1601 W. Diehl Road, Naperville, IL, 60563-1198, USA (Tel: 630-305-1000; 877813-3523; FAX: 630-305-2900; Internet: http://www.nalco.com) Nalco Latin America Operations, Av. Das Nacoes Unidas, Av. Das Nações Unidas, 17.891, 6° andar, Sao Paulo SP, 04795100, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 5644 6500; FAX: 5511-5641-6791) Nalco Pacific Pte. Ltd, 2 International Business Park #02-20, The Strategy Tower 2, Singapore, 609930, Singapore (Tel: 6568614011; FAX: 65-63161172) Nantong ChangChem 3rd Floor, 6th Row, Youyi Shangcheng, Tao Wu Road, Nantong, 226006, P.R. China (Tel: 86 513 515 5236; FAX: 86 513 515 2292; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.changchem.com) Napier Brown Foods International House, 1 St. Katharine’s Way, London, E1W 1XB, UK (Tel: 44 020 7335 2500; FAX: 44 020 7335 2504; Internet: http://www.napierbrown.co.uk) Napp Technologies, Inc. 401 Hackensack Ave., Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA (Tel: 201-843-4664; FAX: 201843-4737; Internet: http://www.napptech.com) Narchem Corp. 3800 W. 38th St., Chicago, IL, 60632-3311, USA (Tel: 773-376-8666; 800-458-1057; FAX: 773-376-8932; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.narchem.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

National Biochemicals Corp. 1780 Enterprise Pkwy, Twinsburg, OH, 44087, USA (Tel: 330-425-2522; FAX: 330-4252583; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nationalbiochem.com) National Casein National Casein Co., 601 W. 80 St., Chicago, IL, 60620-2502, USA (Tel: 773-846-7300; FAX: 773-487-5709; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nationalcasein.com) National Casein (Canada) Inc., 450 Tapscott Rd., Unit 4, Scarborough, Ontario, M1B 1Y4, Canada (Tel: 416-298-6888; FAX: 416298-5654) National Cottonseed Products Assn. 104 Timber Creek Drive, Suite 200, Cordova, TN, 38018, USA (Tel: 901-682-0800; FAX: 901-682-2856; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cottonseed.com) National Purity LLC 434 Lakeside Ave. N., Minneapolis, MN, 55405, USA (Tel: 612-672-0022; FAX: 612672-0027; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nationalpurity.com) National Starch & Chemical National Starch & Chemical Corp., Member of the ICI Group, 10 Finderne Ave., Bridgewater, NJ, 08807-3300, USA (Tel: 908-685-5000; 800-797-4992; FAX: 908685-5005; Internet: http://www.nationalstarch.com) National Starch & Chemical/Food Innovation, 10 Finderne Ave., Bridgewater, NJ, 08807-0500, USA (Tel: 856-228-1898; 800-743-6343; FAX: 908-685-5355; Internet: http://www.foodinnovation.com) National Starch & Chemical, S.A. de C.V., Carretera a San Pedro Totoltepec No. 107, Del. Industrial El Coecillo, 50200 Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico (Tel: 52 722-2757080; FAX: 52 722-275-7298) National Starch & Chemical Ltd., Prestbury Court, Greencourts Business Park, 333 Styal Rd., Heald Green, Manchester, Lancashire, M22 5LW, UK (Tel: 44 161 435 3200; FAX: 44 161 435 3300) National Starch & Chemical GmbH, Gruener Diech 110, 20097 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 23915 0; FAX: 49 40 23915 170) 2739

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory National Starch & Chemical B.V., Verlengde Ooyerhoekseweg, 7207 BJ Zutphen, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 575 582500; FAX: 31 575 582690) National Starch & Chemical AB, Box 12033, Torsgatan 12, 600-12 Norrköping, Sweden (Tel: 46 11 219700; FAX: 46 11 125451) National Starch & Chemical SA, 299 Rue Grange Morin, Zone Industrielle Nord, Arnas, BP 438 69655 Villefranche sur Saone, France (Tel: 33 4 74 02 38 00; FAX: 33 4 74 02 39 00) National Starch & Chemical SpA, Via Roma 29 2, 20050 Mezzago (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 39 60921; FAX: 39 39 6092201) National Starch & Chemical Pty. Ltd., 51-53 Strong Avenue, Thomastown, Victoria, 3074, Australia (Tel: 61 3- 9460-7430; FAX: 61 3- 9460-7436) National Starch & Chemical (Asia) Pte., Ltd., 10 Science Park Rd., #04-21 The Alpha, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore, 11784, Singapore (Tel: 65 68726006; FAX: 65 6872-6033) National Starch & Chemical (Thailand) Ltd., 41 Mu Mu 7, Teenanont Road, Tambol Najam, Amphur Muang, Kalasin Province, Thailand (Tel: 66-43-812-061; FAX: 66-43813-227; Internet: http://www.nationalstarch.com/NationalSt arch/About+Us/Locations/thailand.htm) Natra US Inc. 1059 Tierra Del Ray, Chula Vista, CA, 91912, USA (Tel: 619-397-4120; FAX: 619-3974121; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.natraus.com) Natrium Products, Inc. 58 Pendelton, P.O. Box 5465, Cortland, NY, 13045, USA (Tel: 607-753-9829; 800-9624203; FAX: 607-753-0052; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.natrium.com) Natrochem, Inc. PO Box 1205, Savannah, GA, 31402, USA (Tel: 912-236-4464; FAX: 912-236-1919; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.natrochem.com) Natural Advantage 3587 Highway 9 #320, Freehold, NJ, 07728, USA (Tel: 732-274-9683; 877-NAT-FLAV; FAX: 732-274-9217; E-mail: [email protected];

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Internet: http://www.naturaladvantage.net) Natural Oils International, Inc. 2279 Ward Ave, Simi Valley, CA, 93065, USA (Tel: 805-433-0160; 877-628-6457; FAX: 805-433-0182; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.naturaloils.com) Naturex Site d'Agroparc, 84911 Avignon Cedex 09, France (Tel: 33 4 90 23 96 89; FAX: 33 4 90 23 73 40; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.naturex.com) NB Entrepreneurs Uppalwadi, near Industrial Estate, Kamptee Rd., Nagpur, 440 026, India (Tel: 91 712 640062; FAX: 91 712 641163; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nbent.com) NBS Biologicals Ltd. 14 Tower Sq., Huntingdon, Cambs, PE29 7DT, UK (Tel: 44 1480 433875; FAX: 44 1480 459868; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nbsbio.co.uk/) NetQem P.O. Box 12091, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA (Tel: 919-544-4122; FAX: 919544-4109; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.netqem.us) Neuchem Inc. 20 Alteza, Santa Fe, NM, 87505, USA (Tel: 505-466-2221; FAX: 505-466-1528; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.neuchem.com/) Neville Chemical Co. 2800 Neville Rd., Pittsburgh, PA, 15225-1496, USA (Tel: 412-331-4200; 877-704-4200; FAX: 412-777-4234; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nevchem.com) Niacet Corp. 400 47th St., Niagara Falls, NY, 14304, USA (Tel: 716-285-1474; 800-828-1207; FAX: 716-285-1497; Internet: http://www.niacet.com) Nichem Corp. 600 W. 52nd St., Chicago, IL, 60609, USA (Tel: 773-924-3700; 800-525-3750; FAX: 773-924-7760; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nichemcorporation.com)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Nihon Emulsion Co., Ltd. 5-32-7, Koenji-minami, Suginami-ku, Tokyo, 166-0003, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3314 3211; FAX: 81 3 3312 7207; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nihon-emulsion.co.jp) Nihon Surfactant Kogyo K.K. Part of Nikko Chemicals Group, 3-24-3, Hasune, Itabashiku, Tokyo, 174-0046, Japan (Tel: 81-3-3966-7331; FAX: 81-33966-7307; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nikkol.co.jp/en/group_nissa.h tml) Nikken Foods Nikken Foods Co. Ltd., 723-1, Haruoka, Fukoroi, Shizuoka, 437-01, Japan (Tel: 81 538 49 0125; FAX: 81 538 49 1267; Internet: http://www.nikkenfoods.co.jp) Nikken Foods Co., Distrib. for Nikken Foods Co. Ltd., 1820 South Third St., St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA (Tel: 314-436-0741; Internet: http://www.nikkenfoods.com) Nikko Chemicals Co., Ltd. 1-4-8, Nihonbashi, Bakurocho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0002, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3661 1677; FAX: 81 3 3664 8620; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nikkol.co.jp/index.html) Nipa Biocides/Clariant Functional Chemicals Div. of Clariant UK Ltd/Functional Chemicals Div., Calverley Ln., Horsforth, Leeds, LS18 4RP, UK (Tel: 44 1 132 584 646; FAX: 44 1 132 398 473; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://fun.clariant.com/fun/internet.nsf/04 fa7deb65dc84f9c1256a6200552c10/e5680 9ab48026d1ec1256bf300) Nippoh Chemicals Co., Ltd. C.M.Bldg., 3-3, 3-Chome, Nihonbashimuromachi,, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3270 5341; FAX: 81 3 3270-3401; Internet: http://www.npckk.co.jp) Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd. Div. of Degussa, Shinuku Monolith 13F, 2-3-1, Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 1630938, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3342 1789; FAX: 81 3 33 42 17 61; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.degussa.com/japan/en/compa ny/degussa_group_in_japan/nippon_aer osil.html) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Nippon Denko Co., Ltd. 13-14, 1-chome, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3546 9319; FAX: 81 3 3542 3690; Internet: http://www.nippondenko.co.jp) Nippon Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Nippon Seika Bldg., 2-4-9, Bingo-machi, Chuoku, Osaka, 541-0051, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6231 4781; FAX: 81 6 6231 4787; Internet: http://www.nipponseika.co.jp) Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. Tokyo Fujimi Bldg., 1-11-2, Fujimi chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8172, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3237 5046; FAX: 81 3 3237 5091; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nipponkayaku.co.jp/english/) Nippon Nyukazai Co., Ltd. Subsid. of Sankyo Co., Ltd., 3-5-1, Nihombashi-honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 1038426, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5255-7111; Internet: http://www.sankyo.co.jp) Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd. 3-1, Yako 2-chome, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-8545, Japan (Tel: 81-44-276-3811; FAX: 81-44-277-2100; Internet: http://www.npcc.co.jp/english) Nippon Rikagakuyakuhin Co., Ltd. 2-2, Nihonbashi-Honcho 4-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0023, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3241 3557; FAX: 81 3 3242 3345; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nipponrika.com) Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. 4-1-1, Koraibashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-0043, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6223 9111; FAX: 81 6 6201 3716; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.shokubai.co.jp/eng/) Nippon Starch Chemical Co., Ltd. Sanyo Nissei Bldg., 2-7, Kawaramachi 2chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-0048, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6231 1326; FAX: 81 6 6226 0325; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nichidene.com) Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Umeda Sky Bldg. Tower East, 1-88, Oyodonaka 1-chome, Kita-ku, Osaka, 5310076, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6440 5305; FAX: 81 6 6440 5330) Nissan Chemical Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., 7-1, Kanda Nishiki-cho 3-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0054, Japan (Tel: 81 3 32962741

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 8111; FAX: 81 3 3296-8210; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nissanchem.co.jp/) Nissan Chemical America Corp., 10777 Westheimer, Suite 830, Houston, TX, 77042, USA (Tel: 713-532-4745; FAX: 713532-0363; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.snowtex.com) Nitta Gelatin NA Inc. 201 W. Passaic St., Rochelle Park, NJ, 07662, USA (Tel: 201-368-0071; FAX: 201-3680282; Internet: http://www.nittagelatin.com/) Noah Chemical Div. of Noah Technologies Corp., 1 Noah Park, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA (Tel: 210691-2000; FAX: 210-691-2600; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.noahtech.com) NOF NOF Corp., Yebisu Garden Place Tower, 203, Ebisu 4-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 1506019, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5424 6600; FAX: 81 3 5424 6800; Internet: http://www.nof.co.jp/) NOF America Corp., Subsid. of NOF Corp., 11 Martine Ave., Sutie 1170, White Plains, NY, 10606, USA (Tel: 914-681-9790; FAX: 914-681-9791) NOF Europe N.V., Subsid. of NOF Corp., Bouwelven 1, Industriezoen Klein-Gent, 2280 Grobbendonk, Belgium (Tel: 32 14 259830; FAX: 32-14-224563) NOF Asia Pacific Pte., Ltd., Subsid. of NOF Corp., 10 Anson Rd., #19-10 International Plaza, Singapore, 079903, Singapore (Tel: 65 220 4881; FAX: 65 225 9718) Nonpareil Corp. 40 North 400 West, Blackfoot, ID, 83221, USA (Tel: 208-785-5880; 800-522-2223; FAX: 208-785-3656; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nonpareilpotato.com) The Norac Co. Inc. 405 S. Motor Ave., Azusa, CA, 91702-0706, USA (Tel: 626-334-2908; 800-786-6722; FAX: 626-334-3512; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.norac.com/) Nordmann Rassmann & Co. GmbH Kajen 2, 20459 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 3687 0; FAX: 49 40 3687 249; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nrc.de/) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Norit Norit (U.K.) Ltd., Clydesmill Place, Cambuslang Industrial Estate, Glasgow, G32 8RF, Scotland UK (Tel: 441416418841; FAX: 44-1416410742; E-mail: [email protected]) Norit Americas Inc., 300 University Avenue, Marshall, TX, 75761, USA (Tel: 903 9231000; 800-641-9245; FAX: 903 938-9701; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.norit-americas.com) Norland Products, Inc. 2540 Route 130, Suite 100, PO Box 637, Cranbury, NJ, 08512, USA (Tel: 609-3951966; FAX: 609-395-9006; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.norlandproducts.com) Norman, Fox & Co. 5511 South Boyle Avenue, Vernon, CA, 90058-3932, USA (Tel: 323-837-7400; 800632-1777; FAX: 323-837-7474; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.norfox.ws/) Norsk Hydro Norsk Hydro ASA, Drammensveien 264, N0283 Oslo, Norway (Tel: 47 22 53 81 00; FAX: 47 22 53 27 25; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.hydro.com/en/index.html) Norsk Hydro (UK) Ltd., Bridge House, 69 London Rd., Twickenham, Middlesex, TW1 3RH, UK (Tel: 44 208 255 2560; FAX: 44 208 607 9253) Northwestern Flavors, Inc. Subsid. of Wm. Wrigley Jr. Co., 120 N. Aurora St., W. Chicago, IL, 60185, USA (Tel: 630231-6111; FAX: 630-231-1302; Internet: http://www.wrigley.com) The Nottingham Co. A PPI Company, 1303 Boyd Ave. NW, P.O. Box 250049 - Station M., Atlanta, GA, 30318, USA (Tel: 404-351-3501; 800-8686260; FAX: 404-351-7731; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ppiinc.com) Novachem Aromatici S.R.I. Via Carlo Noe 7, 21013 Gallarate (VA), Italy (Tel: 39 33 179 9878; FAX: 39 33 179 6531; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.novachemaromatici.com)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory NOVA Chemicals NOVA Chemicals Ltd., Wholly owned subsid. of NOVA Corp., 1000 Seventh Ave. SW, P.O. Box 2518, Calgary, Alberta, T2P 5C6, Canada (Tel: 403-750-3600; 800-661-1548; FAX: 403-269-7410; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.novachem.com) NOVA Chemicals Int'l. S.A., Avenue de la Gare 12, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland (Tel: 41 26 426 5757; FAX: 41 26 426 5770) NOVA Chemicals Germany GmbH, Schwalbacher Str. 72, Frankfurt, Germany (Tel: 49 6196.927.53.60; FAX: 49 6196 9275333) NOVA Chemicals Japan Ltd., Neoba Building 3F, 2-2-5 Tomigaya, Shibuya-Ku, Tokyo, 151-0063, Japan (Tel: 81.3.5453.8081; FAX: 81.3.5453.8085) NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A., Level 15 Prudential Tower, 30 Cecil Street, Singapore, 049712, Singapore (Tel: 65 224 8807; FAX: 65-224-1877) NOVA Chemicals (International) S.A., Room 501, Unit 6, Building No. 31, Xing Fu Er Cun, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100016, P.R. China (Tel: 86.10.6460.0582; FAX: 86.10.6460.0581) NOVA Molecular Technologies, Inc. 1 Parker Place, Suite 725, Suite 725, Janesville, WI, 53545, USA (Tel: 608-754NOVA; FAX: 608-754-6878; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.novamolecular.com) Novarina Srl Via Pinerolo 35, 10060 Bibiana (TO), Italy (Tel: 39 0121 55724; FAX: 39 0121 55111; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.novarina.it) Novartis Pharmaceutical Corp. US Affiliate of Novartis AG, One Health Plaza, East Hanover, NJ, 07936-1808, USA (Tel: 973-781-6500; 888-669-6682; FAX: 973781-6056; Internet: http://www.pharma.us.novartis.com) Noviant Noviant CMC Oy, Kuhnamontie 2, PL 500, 44101 Aänekoski, Finland (Tel: 358 14 518 3000; FAX: 358 14 518 3003; Internet: http://www.noviantgroup.com) Noviant AB, PO Box 502, S-663 29 Skoghall, Sweden (Tel: 46 54 514 900; FAX: 46 54 514 920) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Noviant B.V., Winselingseweg 12, PO Box 31, 6500 AA Nijmegen, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 24 371 9900; FAX: 31 24 371 9999; Internet: http://www.noviantgroup.com) Noviant Russia, Ul. Boshaja Jakimanka, 31, Moscow, 109180, Russia (Tel: 7 095 937 3647; FAX: 7 095 937 3627) Noviant Inc., 3000 Corporate Center Dr., Suite 260, Morrow, GA, 30260, USA (Tel: 770-960-9967; FAX: 770-960-1267; E-mail: [email protected]) Noviant Shanghai, Ste. 21 C Jin Ming Bldg., 8 Zunyi Rd. South, Shanghai, 200336, China (Tel: 86 21 6219 5514; FAX: 86 21 6219 7597) Novozymes Novozymes A/S, Krogshoejvej 36, 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark (Tel: 45 88 24 99 99; FAX: 45 88 24 99 98; Internet: http://www.novozymes.com) Novozymes France S.A., Immeuble Challenge 92, 79, Ave. Francois Arago, 92017 Nanterre Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 46 14 07 46; FAX: 33 146140766; E-mail: [email protected]) Novozymes Latin America Ltda., Rua prof. Francisco Ribeiro 683, CEP 83707-660 Arauc ria, Paran, Brazil (Tel: 55 41 641 1000; FAX: 55 41 643 1443; Internet: http://www.novozymes.com.br) Novozymes Australia Pty. Ltd., Unit 3, 22 Loyalty Road, North Rocks, NSW, 2151, Australia (Tel: 61 296 30 84 66; FAX: 61 2 9630 1170) NUCON International Inc. 7000 Huntley Rd., Columbus, OH, 43229, USA (Tel: 614-846-5710; FAX: 614-431-0858; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nucon-int.com) Nuova Linnea SA 6595 Riazzino (Locarno), Switzerland (Tel: 41 91 850 5050; FAX: 41 91 850 5070) Nutragal Ltd. Subsid. of Galam Ltd., Kibbutz Maanit, 37855, Israel (Tel: 972 4 6375161; FAX: 972 4 6375156; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nutragal.com) The NutraSweet Co. 222 Merchandise Mart Plaza, Chicago, IL, 60654, USA (Tel: 312-873-5000; 800-3235321; FAX: 312-873-5050; Internet: http://www.nutrasweet.com) 2743

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Nutricepts Inc. 2208 E. 117th St., Burnsville, MN, 55337, USA (Tel: 952-707-0207; FAX: 952-707-0210; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nutricepts.com) Nutrinova Nutrinova Nutrition Specialties & Food Ingredients GmbH, A business of Celanese AG, Frankfurter Straße 111, 61476 Kronberg im Taunus, Germany (Tel: 49 69 305 84771; FAX: 49 69 305 15412; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nutrinova.com) Nutrinova Benelux S.A./N.V., Div. of Celanese, Z.1. Researchpark 310, 1731 Zellik, Belgium (Tel: 32 2-481-6040; FAX: 32 2-481-6042; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nutrinova.com) Nutrinova Inc., 285 Davidson Avenue, Suite 102, Somerset, NJ, 08873, USA (Tel: 800786-3883; FAX: 732-271-7235; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nutrinova.com) Nu-World Amaranth Inc. PO Box 2202, Naperville, IL, 60567, USA (Tel: 630-369-6819; FAX: 630-369-6851; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nuworldamaranth.com/) NYCO Minerals NYCO Minerals, Inc., A Canadian Pacific Ltd. Co., 124 Mountain View Dr., PO Box 368, Willsboro, NY, 12996-0368, USA (Tel: 518963-4262; FAX: 518-963-1110; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.nycominerals.com) NYCO Minerals, Inc. Europe, 45 Av.. de Citreaux, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (Tel: 32 10 88 13 02; FAX: 32 10 22 65 99) Oakwood Products 1741 Old Dunbar Rd., West Columbia, SC, 29172, USA (Tel: 803-739-8800; 800-4673386; FAX: 803-739-6957; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.oakwoodchemical.com) Occidental Chemical Occidental Chemical Corp., Wholly owned subsid. of Occidental Petroleum Corp., 5005 LBJ Freeway, Dallas, TX, 75244-6119, USA (Tel: 972-404-3800; 800-578-8880; FAX: 972-404-3669; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.oxychem.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

OxyChem, An Occidental Chemical Corp., Occidental Tower, 5005 LBJ Freeway, Dallas, TX, 75244, USA (Tel: 972-404-3800; 800-752-5151; FAX: 972-404-3669; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.oxychem.com) Occidental Quimica de Mexico, S.A. de C.V., Periferico Sur 3343, Piso 5, Col. San Jeronimo Lidice, Mexico D.F., 10200, Mexico (Tel: 52 5 668 0554; FAX: 52 5 595 9923; E-mail: [email protected] m) Occidental Chemical Europe S.A., A.Z. De Vunt 13/9, 3220 Holsbeek, Belgium (Tel: 32 16 479 890; FAX: 32 16 479 899; E-mail: [email protected]) Occidental Chemical Asia Ltd., Kouyo Toranomon Bldg., 5th Fl., 17-2 NishiShinbashi 2-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105003, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3431 9681; FAX: 81 3 5776 2765; E-mail: [email protected]) Occidental Chemical Far East, 51 Goldhill Plaza, #08-02, Singapore, 308900, Singapore (Tel: 65 6253 4277; FAX: 65 6253 5510; E-mail: [email protected]) Occidental Chemical Far East Ltd., Room 1402 14/F AIA Plaza, 18 Hysan Avenue, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 5072033; FAX: (852) 827-9905; E-mail: [email protected]) Ogawa & Co. Ogawa & Co., Ltd., 4-1-11, Nihonbashi Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0023, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3270 1547; FAX: 81 3 3279 2469; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ogawa.net) P.T.Ogawa Indonesia, Kawasan Industri KIIC Karawang Lot.A-8AJI.Toll, Karawang Barat Jakarta-Cikampek Km.47 Karawang, Jawa Barat, 41361, Indonesia (Tel: 62-21-8904218) Ogawa Flavors & Fragrances (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 85 Jiangtian Rd. East, Songjiang Industrial Zone,, Shanghai, 201-613, P.R.C. (Tel: 86-21-6774-2188) Oglebay Norton North Point Tower, 1001 Lakside Dr. 15th floor, Cleveland, OH, 44114, USA (Tel: 216861-8700; FAX: 216-861-2315; E-mail:

2744

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.oglebaynorton.com/) Oilseeds International, Ltd. 8 Jackson Street, Post Office Box 2799, San Francisco, CA, 94111, USA (Tel: 415-9567251; FAX: 415-394-9023; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.oilseedssf.com) Oils of Aloha PO Box 685, Waialua, Oahu, HI, 96791, USA (Tel: 808-637-5620; 800-367-6010; FAX: 808-63-6194; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.oilsofaloha.com/) Old Bridge Chemicals Inc. Old Waterworks Rd., P.O. Box 194, Old Bridge, NJ, 08857, USA (Tel: 732-727-2225; 800-275-3924; FAX: 732-727-2653; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.oldbridgechem.com) Oleon Oleon NV, Assenedestraat 2, B-9940 Ertvelde, Belgium (Tel: 32 (0)9 341 10 11; FAX: 32 (0)9 341 10 00; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.oleon.com) Oleon Deutschland GmbH, Friedrichstrasse 6, 65185 Wiesbaden, Germany (Tel: 49 611 565 880; FAX: 49 611 565 8849; E-mail: [email protected]) Oleon France S.A.S., Le Parc aux Vignes, Bâtiment A, 21, Allée des Vendanges, 77183 Croissy Beaubourg, France (Tel: 33 1 64 73 00 51; FAX: 33 1 64 73 00 56; E-mail: [email protected]) Oleon UK Ltd., Global House, 1 Ashley Avenue, Epsom Surrey, KT18 5AD, (Tel: 44 2083 379 111; FAX: 44 2083 379 111) Oleon Americas Inc., 5729 Lebanon Drive, Suite 144-202, Frisco, TX, 75034, (Tel: 866 456 5366; FAX: 866 876 5366; E-mail: [email protected]) Oleon (Asia-Pacific) SDN BHD, Suite 15-03 City Plaza, No. 21, Jalan Tebrau · 80300 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia (Tel: 60 (7) 2765171; 60 (7) 2765177; E-mail: [email protected]) Olin Chlor Alkali Div. Div. of the Olin Corp., 490 Stuart Rd. NE, Cleveland, TN, 37312, USA (Tel: 423-3364850; 800-636-3756; FAX: 423-336-4830; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.olinchloralkali.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Omega Protein, Inc. 2101 City West Blvd., Bldg. 3, Ste. 500, Houston, TX, 77042, USA (Tel: 713-6230060; 877-866-3423; FAX: 713-940-6111; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.omegapure.com) OM Group (OMG) OM Group, Inc. (OMG), World Headquarters, 127 Public Square, 1500 Key Tower, Cleveland, OH, 44113, USA (Tel: 216-7810083; 800-519-0083; FAX: 216-781-1502; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.omgi.com) OMG Europe GmbH, Koenigsallee 106, D40215 Dusseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211301-22-350; FAX: 49 211301-22-433) OMG Kokkola Chemicals Oy, Outokummuntie 6, PO Box 286, 67101 Kokkola, Finland (Tel: 358 6 8280 111; FAX: 358 6 8281 260) OMG Asia Pacific C., Ltd., Suite D, No. 170, Tun Hwa North Road, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 2 2712 8566; FAX: 886 2 2719 1915) Omya Omya UK Ltd., Omya House, Stephensons Way, Wyvern Business Park, Chaddesden, Derby, DE21 6LY, UK (Tel: 44 1332 674000; FAX: 44 1332 544700; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.omya.co.uk/web/omya_uk.nsf /HomePage_Lang1?OpenForm&omya_la ngid=1&omya_navid=0000) Omya AB, Kalendegatan 18, 211 35 Malmo, Sweden (Tel: 46 40 20 67 00; FAX: 46 40 23 65 19; Internet: http://www.omya.se/omya.htm) Omya GmbH, Brohler Str. 11a, 50968 Cologne, Germany (Tel: 49 221 37 75 0; FAX: 49 221/37 18 64; E-mail: [email protected]) Omya Peralta GmbH, Owned by Omya AG, Kanalstrasse 44, D-22085 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 65 87 2 0; FAX: 49 40 65 87 2 200; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.omyaperalta.de) Omya Inc., 100 North Point Center East, Suite 310, Alpharetta, GA, 30022, USA (Tel: 800749-6692; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; Internet: http://www.omya-na.com) 2745

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Omya Arizona Inc., 6 N. Mesquite Rd., PO Box 188, Superior, AZ, 85273, USA (Tel: 520-689-2500; FAX: 520-689-2961) Opta Food Ingredients Inc. 25 Wiggins Ave., Bedford, MA, 01730, USA (Tel: 781-276-5141; 800-353-6782; Internet: http://www.opta-food.com) Optipure Chemco Industries Inc. 6984 Bandini Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 900403326, USA (Tel: 323-721-8300; 800-9343040; FAX: 323-721-9600; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.optipure.com) ORAFTI Active Food Ingredients Aandorenstraat 1, 3300 Tienen, Belgium (Tel: 32 16 801 301; FAX: 32 16 801 308; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.orafti.com/) Organica Aromatics (Bangalore) Pvt. Ltd. Plot No. 407, 11th Cross, 4th Phase, Peenya, Bangalore, 560 058, India (Tel: 80 8361947; FAX: 80 8360887; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.organicaaroma.com) Organica Trading GmbH Arndtstrasse 2, Hamburg, 22085, Germany (Tel: 49 40 94793796; FAX: 49 40 49219090; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.organica-trading.com) Original Bradford Soap Works Inc. PO Box 1007, 200 Providence St., West Warwick, RI, 02893-0907, USA (Tel: 401821-2141; FAX: 401-821-1660; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.bradfordsoap.com) Osaka Organic Chemical Ind. Co., Ltd. Shin Toyama Bldg., 1-7-20, Azuchi-machi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-0052, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6264 5071; FAX: 81 6 6264 1675) Osaki Industry Co., Ltd. 89, Kami, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 593, Japan (Tel: 81 722 72 1453; FAX: 81 722 74 6980; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.osaki-jpn.com/) Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd. 3-2-27, Ohte-dori, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6946 6231; FAX: 81 6 6946 0860; Internet: http://www.otsukac.co.jp/) Oxford Chemicals Ltd. North Gare, Seaton Carew, Hartlepool, Cleveland, TS25 2DT, UK (Tel: 44 1429 863555; FAX: 44 1429 867567; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.oxfordchemicals.com) Oxiteno Oxiteno S.A. Industria e Comercio, Av. Brigadeiro Luiz Antonio 1343-7 and, Bela Vista, 01317-91-, Sao Paulo SP, 01350-900, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 3177 6102; FAX: 55 11 3285-2842; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.oxiteno.com.br/in/index.htm) Oxiteno Mexico, Insurgentes Sur 1685, piso 11A, Col. Guadalupe Inn, México, D. F., C. P. 0102, Mexico (Tel: 52 (55) 5322-0560; FAX: 52 (55) 5661-6242; Internet: http://www.oxiteno.com.mx) Palatinit Palatinit Süssungsmittel GmbH, GottliebDaimer-Strasse 12, 68165 Mannheim, Germany (Tel: 49 621 421 150; FAX: 49 621 421 160; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.isomalt.de) Palatinit of America, Inc., 101 Gibraltar Dr., Suite 2B, Morris Plains, NJ, 07950, USA (Tel: 973-539-6644; 800-476-6258; FAX: 973-326-9508; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.isomaltusa.com) Palatinit Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd., 41 Science Park Rd., #01-17, The Gemini Science Park II, Singapore, 117610, Singapore (Tel: 69 778 83 00; FAX: 69 778 29 97; E-mail: [email protected]) Pangaea Sciences 18 Pine Ridge Road, Erin, Ontario, N0B 1T0, Canada (Tel: 519.833.7306; FAX: 519.833.9017; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pangaeasciences.com) Parchem Trading, Ltd. 2 William St., Suite 303, White Plains, NY, 10601, USA (Tel: 914-997-1050; 800-2823982; FAX: 914-997-1025; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.par-chem.com) Particle Dynamics Inc. 2503 S. Hanley Rd., St. Louis, MO, 63144, USA (Tel: 314-968-2376; 800-452-4682; FAX: 314-968-5208; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.particledynamics.com) Paulaur Corp. 105 Melrich Rd., Cranbury, NJ, 08512, USA (Tel: 609-395-8844; 888-398-8844; FAX: 2746

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 609-395-8850; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.paulaur.com) Payan & Bertrand Ave. Jean XXIII, BP 57, 06130 Grasse, France (Tel: 33 4 93 40 14 14; FAX: 33 4 93 40 10 30; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.payanbertrand.com/) PB Leiner USA 7001, Brady Street, PO 2807, Davenport, IA, 52809, USA (Tel: 563-386-8040; FAX: 563391-1138; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gelatin.com) PCAS (Produits Chimiques Auxiliaires et de Synthese) 23, Rue Bossuet, Z.I. de la vigne aux Loups, B.P. 181, F-91161 Lonjumeau, France (Tel: 33 1 69 09 77 85; FAX: 33 1 64 48 23 19; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pcas.fr) PCI Chemicals Canada Inc. 630 Rene Levesque Blvd. W, Suite 3100, Montreal, QC, H3B 1S6, Canada (Tel: 514397-6100; FAX: 514-397-6109; Internet: http://www.piona.com) PDM Inc. (Pine Derivatives Marketing, Inc.) 104 Webster Building, 3411 Silverside Rd., Wilmington, DE, 19810-4806, USA (Tel: 302-478-0768; 800-288-0768; FAX: 302478-0299; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pdmchemicals.com) Peakchem, Fine Chems. Dept. of City Pride Co. Ltd., Suite 502, Unit 3, Bldg. 3 Tucuiyuan, Lakeside Garden, No. 176 Wenhua Rd., Hangzhou, P.R. China (Tel: 86 571 8823 3070; FAX: 86 5718823 3092; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.peakchem.com/) Pechiney Pechiney Chemicals Div., Stamford Harbor Park, 6th Fl., North Tower, 333 Ludlow St., Stamford, CT, 06902, USA (Tel: 203-5419200; 800-736-7893; FAX: 203-541-9191; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pechineychemicals.com) Pechiney World Trade USA/R.W. Greeff Chemical Div., Stamford Harbor Park, North Tower, 333 Ludlow St., Stamford, CT, 06902, USA (Tel: 203-541-9200; 800-7367893; FAX: 203-541-9191; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.pechiney-chemicals.com) Pelron Corp. 7847 W. 47 St., P.O. Box 6, Lyons, IL, 60534, USA (Tel: 708-442-9100; FAX: 708-4420213; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ele-pelron.com) Penford Foods Co. 7094 S. Revere Pkwy, Englewood, CO, 80112, USA (Tel: 303-649-1900; 800-652-4732; FAX: 303-649-1700; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.penfordfoods.com) Penford Penford Products Co., Part of Penford Corp., 1001 First St. SW, PO Box 428, Cedar Rapids, IA, 52404-2175, USA (Tel: 319-3983700; 800-582-8728; FAX: 319-398-3797; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.penx.com/products/products_ default.asp) Penford Food Ingredients (PFI), Part of Penford Corp., 7094 S. Revere Pkwy., Centennial, CO, 80112, USA (Tel: 303-6491900; 800-652-4732; FAX: 303-649-1700; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.penfordfoods.com) Penn Bio-Organics, Inc. B 212, One University Pl., Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA (Tel: 518-322-8533; 866PENNBIO; FAX: 518-308-1312; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pennbio.com) Penn Specialty Chemicals Penn Specialty Chemicals, Inc., 1000 Germantown Pike #H-3, Plymouth Greene Office Campus, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA (Tel: 610-292-3051; 877-895PENN; FAX: 610-292-3055; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pschem.com) Penn Specialty Chemicals, Inc., 14-145 North Centre Road, N5X4C7, London, ON, Canada (Tel: 519 850 3232; FAX: 519 663 4446; E-mail: [email protected]) Penreco Penreco, Div. of Pennzoil Prods. Co., 8701 New Trails Drive, Suite 175, The Woodlands, TX, 77381, USA (Tel: 281.362.3150; FAX: 281.362.3168; E-mail: RSCPenreco.CustomerSupport@Penreco .com; Internet: http://www.penreco.com) 2747

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Penreco, European Office, Portman House, 2 Portman Street, London, W1H 6DU, UK (Tel: 44 207 408 6266; FAX: 44 207 408 6968) Pentagon Chemical Specialties Ltd. Northside Workington, Cumbria, CA14 1JJ, UK (Tel: 44 1900 604371; FAX: 44 1900 66943; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pentagon-chemicalspecialties.com) Penta Manufacturing Co. Div. of Penta International Corp., PO Box 1448, Fairfield, NJ, 07007-1448, USA (Tel: 973-740-2300; FAX: 973-740-1839; Internet: http://www.pentamfg.com) Perstorp Polyols, Inc. Div. of Perstorp Chemicals AB, 600 Matzinger Rd, Toledo, OH, 43612, USA (Tel: 419-7295448; FAX: 419-729-3291; Internet: http://www.perstorppolyols.com) Petigara Chemicals 167/B Matkar Fd., Dadar, Mumbai, 400 028, India (Tel: 91 22 363 2889; FAX: 91 22 363 2889; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.petigara.com) Petro-Canada Petro-Canada Products, 150 - 6th Avenue S.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2P 3E3, Canada (Tel: 403-296-8000; FAX: 403-296-3030; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.petro-canada.ca; http://www.calflo.com) Petro-Canada Products, 1099 18th Street, Denver, CO, 30319, USA (Tel: 303-2972100; FAX: 303-297-7708) Petro-Canada, 1 London Bridge, London, UK (Tel: 44 0 20 7105 6200; FAX: 44 0 20 7105 6202) Petroquimica Uniao S.A. Av. Presidente Costa e Silva, 1.178, 09270901 Santo Andre-SP, Brazil (Tel: 55 011 4478 1665; FAX: 55 011 4478 1855; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pqu.com.br/siteindex.htm) Pfaltz & Bauer Inc. 172 E. Aurora St., Waterbury, CT, 06708, USA (Tel: 203-574-0075; 800-225-5172; FAX: 203-574-3181; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pfaltzandbauer.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Pfanstiehl Ferro Pfanstiehl Laboratories, Inc., Div. of Ferro, 1219 Glen Rock Ave., Waukegan, IL, 60085, USA (Tel: 847-623-0370; 800-3830126; FAX: 847-623-9173; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pfanstiehl.com) Ferro Pfanstiehl Europe, Ltd., Unit 27, Meridian House, Road One, Winsford Industrial Estate, Winsford, Cheshire, CW7 3QG, UK (Tel: 44 1606 559163; FAX: 44 1606 559641; E-mail: [email protected]) George Pfau's Sons Co., Inc. 824 Wall St., PO Box 7, Jeffersonville, IN, 47130-0007, USA (Tel: 812-283-6697; 800732-8645; FAX: 812-283-0765; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pfauoil.com) Pfizer Pfizer International, 235 East 42nd Street, New York, NY, 10017, USA (Tel: 212-7332323; Internet: http://www.pfizer.com) Pfizer Canada, 17300 Trans-Canada Hwy., Sortie 50, Kirkland, Quebec, H9J 2M5, Canada (Tel: 514-695-0500; 877-633-2001; Internet: http://www.pfizer.ca) Pfizer Europe, Hoge Wei, 10, 1930 Zaventem, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 722 02 11) Pfizer France, 23-25 avenue du Dr. Lannelongue, 75668 Paris Cedex 14, France (Tel: 3; Internet: http://www.pfizer.fr) Pfizer Australia, 38-42 Wharf Road, PO Box 57, West Ryde, NSW, 2114, Australia (Tel: 61-2-9850 3333; FAX: 61 2 9850 3111; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pfizer.com.au/) Pfizer Japan Inc., Shinjuku Bunka Quint Bldg., 22-7, Yoyogi 3-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 151-8589, Japan (Tel: 81 3 53097000; FAX: 81 3 5309-9912; Internet: http://www.pfizer.co.jp/pfizer/english/com pany/) Pharmachem Laboratories, Inc. 265 Harrison Ave., Kearney, NJ, 07032, USA (Tel: 201-246-1000; 800-526-0609; FAX: 201-246-8105; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pharmachemlabs.com) Pharmco Products Inc. 58 Vale Rd., Brookfield, CT, 06804-3967, USA (Tel: 203-740-3471; 800-243-5360; FAX: 2748

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 203-740-3481; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pharmco-prod.com) Pharmline, Inc. PO Box 291, 41 Bridge St., Florida, NY, 10921, USA (Tel: 845-651-4443; FAX: 845651-6900; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pharmlineinc.com) Pharmrite North America Corp. 1160 Tapscott Rd., Unit 2 & 3, Toronto, ON, M1X 1E9, Canada (Tel: 416-412-9281; FAX: 416-293-9066; Internet: http://pharmrite.com/) Phelps Dodge Refining Corp. 897 Hawkins Blvd, El Paso, TX, 79915-1217, USA (Tel: 915-778-9881; FAX: 915-7758887; Internet: http://www.pdec.com/) Phibro-Tech, Inc. 65 Challenger Road, Third Floor, Ridgefield Park, NJ, 07660, USA (Tel: 201-329-7300; 800-357-6840; FAX: 201-329-7035; Internet: http://www.phibro-tech.com) Phoenix Aromas & Essential Oils, Inc. 375 Chestnut St., Norwood, NJ, 07648-2002, USA (Tel: 201-784-6100; FAX: 201-7848566; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.phoenixaromas.com) Phoenix Chemical, Inc. 60 Fourth St., Somerville, NJ, 08876, USA (Tel: 908-707-0232; FAX: 908-707-0186; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.phoenix-chem.com/) Phoenix Natural Products Ltd. Unit A4, Bridge Road Industrial Estate, Southall, Middx, UB2 4AB, UK (Tel: 44 0845 230 1982; FAX: 44 0845 230 1985; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.phoenixuk.com) PhytoTechnology Laboratories, LLC PO Boxs 13481, Shawnee Mission, KS, 66282-3481, USA (Tel: 913-341-5343; 888749-8682; FAX: 888-449-8682; 913-3415442; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.phytotechlab.com) J.W. Pike Ltd. Unit 9b Eley Road, Edmonton, London, N18 3BB, UK (Tel: 44 20 8807 9924; FAX: 44 20 8807 9972) Pilot Chemical Co. 11756 Burke St., Santa Fe Springs, CA, 90670, USA (Tel: 323-723-0036; FAX: 562945-1877; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.pilotchemical.com/) Pioneer Americas, Inc. 700 Louisiana St., Suite 4300, Houston, TX, 77002, USA (Tel: 713-570-3200; FAX: 713225-6475; Internet: http://www.piona.com) PL Thomas & Co 119 Headquarters Plaza, Morristown, NJ, 07960, USA (Tel: 973-984-0900; FAX: 973984-5666; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.plthomas.com/) PMC Specialties Group, Inc. Div. of PMC, Inc., 501 Murray Rd., Cincinnati, OH, 45217, USA (Tel: 800-543-2466; FAX: 513-482-7373; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pmcsg.com) PMP Fermentation Products, Inc. 900 NE Adams St., Peoria, IL, 61603, USA (Tel: 309-637-0400; 800-558-1031; FAX: 309-637-9302; Internet: http://www.pmpinc.com) PMS Foods Inc. 2701 East 11th, PO Box 1099, Hutchinson, KS, 67504, USA (Tel: 316-663-5711; 800835-5006; FAX: 316-663-7195; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pmsfoods.com) Pokonobe Industries Inc. Box 1756, Santa Monica, CA, 90406, USA (Tel: 310-392-1259; 877-POKONOBE; FAX: 310-392-3659; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pokonobe.com) Polar Foods 610 Viana Ct., Winter Springs, FL, 32708, USA (Tel: 407-677-6664; FAX: 407-677-6684; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.polarfoods.net) Polarome International Polarome International Inc., 200 Theodore Conrad Dr., Jersey City, NJ, 07305, USA (Tel: 201-333-8700; FAX: 201-433-0638; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.polarome.com) Polarome International, Case Pastule 2545, 4002 Basel, Switzerland (Tel: 41 61 331 0404; FAX: 41-61-331-3594; E-mail: [email protected]) Polimeri Europa Polimeri Europa UK Ltd., Cadland Road, Holbury, Southampton, Hamsphire, SO45 2GD, UK (Tel: 44 23 8089 4919; FAX: 44 23 2749

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 8088 3352; Internet: http://www.polimerieuropa.it) Polimeri Europa Benelux SA, Waterloo Office Park-Batement M, 161, dreve Richelle, 1410 Waterloo, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 357 2611; FAX: 32 2 357 2629; E-mail: [email protected]) Polimeri Europa Iberica S.A., Avda. Diagonal 652-656, Edificio B 3°, 08034 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 40123 00; FAX: 34 93 2803050; E-mail: [email protected]) Polimeri Europa Norden A/S, Amaliegade 16C 3 flr., DK-1256 Copenhagen NV, Denmark (Tel: 45 38 381080; FAX: 45 38 381099; E-mail: [email protected]) Polimeri Europa Americas, Inc., 2000 West Loop South, Suite 2010, Houston, TX, 77027, USA (Tel: 713-940-0700; 800-4413646; FAX: 713-850-8606; Internet: http://www.polimerieuropa.com) Polyad Co. 113 Rose Terrace, Barrington, IL, 60010-1320, USA (Tel: 847-526-3322; FAX: 847-5263326; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.polyadusa.com) Polysciences Polysciences Inc., 400 Valley Road, Warrington, PA, 18976-2522, USA (Tel: 215-343-6484; 800-523-2575; FAX: 800343-3291; 215-343-0214; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.polysciences.com) Polysciences Europe GmbH, Handelsstr. 3, D-69214, Eppelheim, Eppelheim, Germany (Tel: 49 6221 765767; FAX: 49 6221 764620; E-mail: [email protected]) Polysciences Europe GmbH, Handelsstr. 3, D-69214 Eppelheim, Germany (Tel: (49)6221-765767; FAX: (49)6221-764620; E-mail: [email protected]) Porta Ltd. Zeleny Pruh 99, Praha 4, 14002, Czech Republic (Tel: 420 2 410 912 11; FAX: 420 2 414 427 34; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.porta.cz) PotashCorp 1101 Skokie Blvd., Suite 400, PO Box 3320, Northbrook, IL, 60062, USA (Tel: 847-8494200; 800-241-6908; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.potashcorp.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Powdersize, Inc. 20 Pacific Dr., Quakertown, PA, 18951, USA (Tel: 215-536-5605; FAX: 215-536-6630; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.powdersize.com) Powmet, Inc. PO Box 5086, 2625 Sewell St., Rockford, IL, 61125, USA (Tel: 815-398-6900; FAX: 815398-6907; E-mail: [email protected]) PPG Industries PPG Industries, Inc., One PPG Place, Pittsburgh, PA, 15272, USA (Tel: 412-4343131; 800-CHEM-PPG; FAX: 412-434-2011; Internet: http://www.ppg.com; http://www.ppgchloralkali.com) PPG Industries, Inc./Chemicals Group, 125 Colfax St., Springdale, PA, 15144, USA (Tel: 724-274-7900) PPG Industries, Inc./Silica Products, Business unit of PPG Chemicals, 440 College Park Dr., Pittsburgh, PA, 15146, USA (Tel: 412-434-3131; 800-243-6745; FAX: 724-325-5044; Internet: http://www.ppg.com) PPG Canada Inc., PO Box 2010, Canal Road – Route 132, Beauharnois, Quebec, J6N 3C3, Canada (Tel: 450-429-4641; FAX: 450429-2506) PPG Industries-Asia/Pacific Ltd., Shibuya Cross Tower 13/F.,, 15-1, Shibuya 2-chome, Shibuya-ku , Tokyo, 150-0002, Japan (Tel: 81-3-3280 2851) PPG Services (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., 24/F., Times Square, 500 Zhang Yang Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200120, P.R. China (Tel: Tel: +) PQ PQ Corp., PO Box 840, Valley Forge, PA, 19482-0840, USA (Tel: 610-651-4200; 800944-7411; FAX: 610-651-4504; Internet: http://www.pqcorp.com) PQ Corp./R&D Center, 280 Cedar Grove Rd., Conshohocken, PA, 19428-2240, USA (Tel: 610-651-4600; FAX: 610-825-1421) Silicatos y Derivados S.A. de C.V., Fracc. Ind. San Nicolas, Rio Lerma 55, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de Mexico, 54030, Mexico (Tel: 525 55 227 6800; FAX: 525 55 227 6835) National Silicates, 132 Fabre Street, Valleyfield, PQ, J6S 4K9, Canada (Tel: 450373-1188; FAX: 450-373-3893; Internet: http://www.silicates.com) 2750

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Potters Europe Head Office, Pontefract Rd., Barnsley, South Yorkshire, S71 1HJ, UK (Tel: 44 1226 704 500; FAX: 44 1226 207 615; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.potterseurope.org/) PQ Nederland BV, De Brand 24, P.O. Box 664, 3823 LJ Amersfoort, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 33 450 9030; FAX: 31 33 450 9031) PQ Chemicals (Thailand) Ltd., 246 Sukhumvit Rd., Times Sq. Bldg., 26th fl., Between Soi 12-14, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand (Tel: 66 2229 4694; FAX: 66 2229 4689) PQ Silicates Ltd., 9th Fl., 10 Heng Yang Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 2 2383 0515; FAX: 886 2 2383 0285) PQ Australia Pty. Ltd., 9-13 Rhur Street, PO Box 4389, Dandenong, Victoria, 3164, Australia (Tel: 613 9708 9200; FAX: 613 9708 9250) Praxair Praxair Inc., 39 Old Ridgebury Rd., Danbury, CT, 06810-5113, USA (Tel: 716-879-4077; 800-PRAXAIR; FAX: 716-879-2040; Internet: http://www.praxair.com) Praxair Canada Inc., 1 City Centre Dr., Suite 1200, Mississauga, ON, L5B 1M2, Canada (Tel: 905-803-1600; FAX: 905-803-1698; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.praxair.com) Praxair India Private, Ltd., Praxair House, No. 8, Ulsoor Rd., Bangalore, 560 042, India (Tel: 91 80 3057.6821; FAX: 91 80 2559.3499) Prayon Inc. 1610 Marvin Griffin road, Augusta, GA, 30903, USA (Tel: 706-771-9320; 706-771-9390; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.prayon.com) Premier Chemicals 300 Barr Harbor Drive, Suite 250, W. Conshohocken, PA, 19428, USA (Tel: 610828-6929; 800-227-4287; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.premierchemicals.com/) Premium Ingredients, Ltd. (PIL) 285 E. Fullerton Avenue, Carol Stream, IL, 60131-1319, USA (Tel: 630-868.0300; FAX: 630-868.0310; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.premiumingredients.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Presperse Inc. 635 Pierce St., Somerset, NJ, 08873, USA (Tel: 732-356-5200; FAX: 732-356-3533; Internet: http://www.presperse.com/) J.L. Priestley & Co. Ltd. Station Rd., Heckington, Sleaford, Lincolnshire, NG34 9NF, UK (Tel: 44 1529 460751; FAX: 44 1529 460630; E-mail: [email protected]) Primachem Inc. 12 Greenwoods Road, Old Tappan, NJ, 07675, USA (Tel: 201-784-3434; FAX: 201784-7997) Primera Foods 612 South 8th St., P.O. Box 373, Cameron, WI, 54822, USA (Tel: 715-458-4075; 800365-2409; FAX: 507-334-1698; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.primerafoods.com) Prince Agri Products, Inc. 229 Radio Road, PO Box 1009, Quincy, IL, 62306, USA (Tel: 217-222-8854; 800-6774623; FAX: 217-222-5098; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.princeagri.com/) Prism International Inc. 3033 Meredith Pl., Bensalem, PA, 19020, USA (Tel: 215-752-8457; FAX: 215-752-8857; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.prisminternationalinc.com) Privi Organics Ltd. 205, Princess St., Mumbai, 400 002, India (Tel: 91 22 22662626; FAX: 91 22 22623950; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.privi.com) Procter & Gamble P&G Chemicals Americas, Sharon Woods Technical Center, 11530 Reed Hartman Highway, Cincinnati, OH, 45241, USA (Tel: 513-626-6882; 800-477-8899; FAX: 513626-3145; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pgchemicals.com/) Procter & Gamble Inc. Canada, P.O. Box 355, Station A, Toronto, Ontario, M5W 1C5, Canada (Tel: 416-730-4711; FAX: 416-7304771; Internet: http://www.pg.ca) Procter & Gamble Ltd./Europe Div., The Heights, Brooklands, Weybridge, Surrey, KT13 0XP, UK (Tel: 44 1 932 896000; FAX: 44 1 932 896 200; Internet: http://www.uk.pg.com) 2751

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Procter & Gamble Japan K.K., 17, Koyo-cho Naka 1-chome, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-0032, Japan (Tel: 81 78 845 5000; FAX: 81 78 845 6995; Internet: http://jp.pg.com) Procter & Gamble Interamericas Inc., Suipacha #664, 2nd Floor, C1008AAN Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54-1-3230600; FAX: 54-1-323-0781; Internet: http://www.pg.com.ar) Procter & Gamble Australia Pty. Ltd., Macquairie Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia (Tel: 612-8864-5000; FAX: 612-8864-5570) Procter & Gamble Guangzhou Ltd., 27-33/F Centre Plaza, 161 Lin He Xi Heng Road, Guangzhou, 510620, China (P.R.C.) (Tel: 86-20-85186688; FAX: 86-20-85186689; Internet: http://www.pg.com.cn/) Procter & Gamble GmbH, Sulzbacher Str. 40, 65824 Schwalbach am Taunus, Germany (Tel: 49-6196-89-01; FAX: 49-6196-894929; Internet: http://www.de.pg.com) Procter & Gamble India Ltd. GO, Tiecicon House, Dr. E. Moses Road, Maharashtra, Bombay, 400011, India (Tel: 91-224964900; FAX: 91-22-4950505; Internet: http://www.pg.com/india) Procter & Gamble Taiwan Ltd., 7F 106, Xin Yi Rd., Sec. 5,, Taipei, Taiwan, 110, R.O.C. (Tel: 886-2-8780-6388; FAX: 886-2-87806368; Internet: http://www.pgtaiwan.com.tw/) Prodasynth Parc Industriel des Bois de Grasse, Ave. Louison Bobet, 06130 Grasse, France (Tel: 33 4 93 09 00 11; FAX: 33 4 93 09 00 88; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.prodasynth.com) Productos Aditivos, S.A. Avda. La Ferrería, 40, Pol. Ind. La Ferrería, E08110 Montcada i Reixac (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 93 564 15 99; FAX: 34 93 564 15 30; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.productosaditivos.com) ProSciTech PO Box 111, 1/11 Carlton St, Kirwan, Thuringowa Central, Qld, 4817, Australia (Tel: 61-7-4773 9444; FAX: 61-7-4773 2244; Internet: http://www.proscitech.com.au)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

ProSynth Limited Unit 2, Bull Lane Industrial Estate, Acton, Sudbury, Suffolk, CO10 0BD, UK (Tel: 44 1787 883320; FAX: 44 1787 883301; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.prosynth.com) Protameen Chemicals, Inc. 375 Minnisink Rd., PO Box 166, Totowa, NJ, 07511, USA (Tel: 973-256-4374; FAX: 973256-6764; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.protameen.com/) Protex Protex International, BP 177, 6 rue Barbès, 92305 Levallois-Paris Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 41 34 14 00; FAX: 33 1 41 34 14 16; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.protex-international.com) Synthron Inc., Subsid. of Protex International Group, 305 Amherst Rd., Morganton, NC, 28655-9362, USA (Tel: 828-437-8611; FAX: 828-437-4126; E-mail: [email protected]) Protex Chemicals Ltd., Howley Park Road East, Morley, LS27 OSW, UK (E-mail: [email protected]) Protex Nederland BV, Godfried Bomanstraat 7, Postbus 291, 4100 AG Culemborg, The Netherlands Protex Sverige AB, Landex-Kemi AB, Box 125 S-66623, Bengts-Fors, Sweden (Tel: 46 531/10314; FAX: 46 531/10314) Protex Chemie SA, Birkenstrasse 49, 6343 Rotkrenz, Switzerland (Tel: 41 61 302 0066; FAX: 41 61 302 0076) Protex Korea Co. Ltd., 661 32 YeoksanDong, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul, 135-080, South Korea (Tel: 82 2 3453 8213; FAX: 82 2 3453 8082; Internet: http://www.protexkorea.co.kr) Protex Warenhandel GmbH, Hainburger Strasse 19A, 1030 Vienna III, Austria (Tel: 43 1 71 49 317; FAX: 43 1 71 49 314) Prova S.A. 46 rue Colmet Lepinay, F-93512 Montreuil Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 48 18 17 20; FAX: 33 1 42 87 10 13; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.prova.fr) Proviron Industries Proviron Industries NV, G. Gilliotstraat 60, 2620 Hemiksem, Belgium (Tel: 32 3 870 88 20; FAX: 32 3 877 23 33; E-mail: 2752

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.proviron.com) Proviron America Inc., 3807 South State Rd. 2, Friendly, WV, 26146, USA (Tel: 304-6526932; FAX: 304-652-2586; E-mail: [email protected]) Provisco AG Waldkircherstrasse 7, CH 9213 Haputwil, Switzerland (Tel: 41 71 422 66 55; FAX: 41 71 422 66 56; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.provisco.ch) Provital, S.A. Polígono Industrial Can Salvatella, C/ Gorgs Lladó, 200, 08210 Barbera Del Valles (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 93 719 2350; FAX: 34 93 719 0294) Punda Mercantile Inc. 4115 Sherbrooke St. West, Suite 610, Montreal, Quebec, H3Z 1K9, Canada (Tel: 514-931-7278; FAX: 415-931-7200; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.punda.com) PURAC PURAC biochem BV, Arkelsedijk 46, Postbus 21, 4200 AA Gorinchem, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 183 695 695; FAX: 31 183 695 600; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.purac.com) PURAC Biochem (UK), 50-54 St. Paul's Square, Birmingham, West Midlands, B3 1QS, UK (Tel: 44 121 236 1828; FAX: 44 121 236 1401; E-mail: [email protected]) PURAC Germany, Mainzer Strasse 160, 55411 Bingen, Germany (Tel: 49 6721 181740; FAX: 49 6721 181750; E-mail: [email protected]) PURAC Poland, ul. Saska 105 m. 5, 03-914 Warszawa, Poland (Tel: 48 22 616 18 52; FAX: 48 22 616 09 50; E-mail: [email protected]) PURAC Russia, Bolshaya Yakimanka St. 31, office 315, 109180 Moscow, Russia (Tel: 7 095 974 1521; FAX: 7 095 974 1553; Email: [email protected]) PURAC America, Inc., 111 Barclay Blvd., Lincolnshire Corporate Center, Lincolnshire, IL, 60069, USA (Tel: 847-634-6330; FAX: 847-634-1992; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.purac.com) PURAC sínteses, Rua Augusta, 1939, Conj. 123 - Jardins, São Paulo-SP, 01413-000, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 3062-1535; FAX: 55 11 3062-4011; E-mail: [email protected]) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

PURAC Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd., 138 Robinson Rd. #18-01, The Corporate Office, Singapore, 068906, Singapore (Tel: 65 6349 1350; FAX: 65 6222 1707; E-mail: [email protected]) PURAC China, 707 Zhang Yang Rd, Room 907, Sino Life Tower, Shanghai, P.C., 200120, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 5835 9181; FAX: 86 21 5835 9180; E-mail: [email protected]) Purcell Jojoba International (PJI) PO Box 659, 142 Front St., Avila Beach, CA, 93424, USA (Tel: 805-595-7275; 800-6761501; FAX: 805-595-9138; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.purcelljojoba.com) Pure Malt Products Ltd. Victoria Bridge, Haddington, East Lothian, EH41 4BD, Scotland UK (Tel: 44 1620 824696; FAX: 44 1620 822018; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.puremalt.com) PureWorld Botanicals Subsid. of Pure World, Inc., 375 Huyler St., South Hackensack, NJ, 07606, USA (Tel: 201-440-5000; FAX: 201-342-8000; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.pureworld.com) E.L. Puskas Co. 448 E. South St., PO Box 229, Akron, OH, 44309, USA (Tel: 330-376-5161; FAX: 330376-2124) PVS Chemicals, Inc. 10900 Harper Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48213, USA (Tel: 313) 921-1200; FAX: 313) 9211378; Internet: http://www.pvschemicals.com) QC Corp. Executive Centre at Hooks Ln., 1 Reservoir Circle, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD, 21208, USA (Tel: 410-486-0010; 800-883-0010; FAX: 410-486-0895; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.qccorporation.com/) Qemi International, Inc. 800 Rockmead Dr., Suite 120, Kingwood, TX, 77339-2151, USA (Tel: 281-359-8188; FAX: 281-359-8192; Internet: http://www.qemi.com) Quaker City Chemicals, Inc. 7360 Milnor St., Philadelphia, PA, USA (Tel: 215-333-2000; 800-887-CHEM; FAX: 215333-4408) 2753

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Quest International. See under Givaudan Quimdis S.A. 85 Rue Edouard Vaillant, B.P. 329, 92307 Levalois-Perret Cedex, France (Tel: 33-155465000; FAX: 33-1-47399190) Química Sagal, S.A. de C.V. Bosques del Canadá 110, L9, Col. Bosques Dell Valle, Monterrey, Nuevo León, C.P. 66250, Mexico (Tel: 52 81 8335-28-02; FAX: 52 81 8378-40-14; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.quimicasagal.com) Quimir S.A. de C.V. Via Jose Lopez Portillo No. 39, Lecheria, Tultitlan, Estado de México, 54940, Mexico (Tel: 52 55-5899-1100; FAX: 52 55 5899 1196; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.quimir.com.mx) RAD International Ltd. 6 Ravnitzki Street, Petah Tikva, 49277, Israel (Tel: 972-3-9049440; FAX: 972-3-9049441; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rad-int.com) Ragus Sugars (Mfg) Ltd. 193 Bedford Ave., Slough, Berkshire, SL1 4RT, UK (Tel: 44 1753 575353; FAX: 44 1753 691514; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ragus.co.uk) Rampak Group Rampak Group Inc., 1356 Kress St., Houston, TX, 77020, USA (Tel: 713-336-9930; FAX: 713-678-8899; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rampakgroup.com) Rampak Europe S.A.R.L., 118 Rue de Toqueville, Paris, 75017, France (Tel: 33 1 4723.3031; FAX: 33 1 4380.7195; E-mail: [email protected]) Rampak Asia Ltd., E5 - 4 - 601 No.437, South Changzhou Road, Jiaozhou City, PRC (Tel: 886 5328.223.7709; E-mail: [email protected]) Rasa Industries, Ltd. Yaesu Dai Bldg., 1-1-1, Kyobashi, 1-Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0031, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3278 3801; FAX: 81 3 3281 6699; Internet: http://www.rasa.co.jp) Raschig Raschig Corp., 129 S. Scoville Ave., Oak Park, IL, 60302, USA (Tel: 708-386-2799; FAX: 708-386-1021; E-mail: [email protected]) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Raschig UK Ltd., Dock Office, Trafford Rd., Salford Quays, Salford, Lancashire, M5 2XB, UK (Tel: 44 161 877 3933; FAX: 44 161 877 3944) Raschig France S.A.R.L., 67 ave. Marechal Joffre, F 92000 Nanterre, France (Tel: 55 69 3780; FAX: 55 69 3781) RCB International, Ltd. 39878 Turnidge Rd. NE, Albany, OR, 97321, USA (Tel: 541-967-3814; FAX: 541-9284633; E-mail: [email protected]) Reade Advanced Materials PO Box 15039, 850 Waterman Avenue, East Providence, RI, 02915-0039, USA (Tel: 401433-7000; FAX: 401-433-7001; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.reade.com) Reagents, Inc. PO Box 240746, 4746 Sweden Rd., Charlotte, NC, 28224-0746, USA (Tel: 704-554-7474; 800-732-8484; FAX: 704-552-7594; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.reagents.com) Reed Corp. 233 W. Pkwy., Pompton Plains, NJ, 074441028, USA (Tel: 973-831-0636; 800-820REED; FAX: 973-831-0791) Regency Mowbray Co. Ltd. Regency House, Hixon Ind. Estate, Hixon, Staffordshire, ST18 0PY, UK (Tel: 44 1889 270554; FAX: 44 1889 270927; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.regencymowbray.demon.co.u k) Reheis Reheis Inc., A GenTek company, PO Box 609, 235 Snyder Ave., Berkeley Heights, NJ, 07922, USA (Tel: 908-464-1500; FAX: 908-464-7726; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.reheis.com/) Reheis Inc.-Netherlands, Haansberg 100, 4874 NL Etten-Leur, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 76 526 4530; FAX: 31 76 526 4531; Email: [email protected]) Reichhold Reichhold, Inc./Corporate Headquarters, Wholly owned subsid. of Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, 2400 Ellis Rd., Durham, NC, 27703, USA (Tel: 919-990-7500; 800-4311920; FAX: 919-990-7749; Internet: http://www.reichhold.com) 2754

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Reichhold Quimica de Mexico, S.A. de C.V., Km.2 Carretera Atlacomulco - El Oro, 2da. Seccion, Manzana 2, Lote 2, Atlacomulco, Estado de Mexico, C.P. 50450, Mexico (Tel: 52 712 122-9500; FAX: 52 712 122 0328) Reichhold UK Ltd., 54 Willow Lane, Mitcham, Surrey, CR4 4NA, UK (Tel: 44 20 8648 4684; FAX: 44 20 8640 6432) Reichhold BV - Benelux, Lichtenauerlan 102120, NL-3062 ME ROTTERDAM, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 10 204 56 00; FAX: 31 10 204 58 90; E-mail: [email protected]) Reichhold Danmark A/S, Essen 27 A, DK6000 KOLDING, Denmark (Tel: 45 70 27 60 00; FAX: 45 70 27 60 01; E-mail: [email protected]) Reichhold Chemie GmbH, Winsbergring 25, 22525 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 853 992 0; FAX: 49 40 857 369) Reichhold BV, Lichtenauerlan 102-120, NL3062 ME, ROTTERDAM, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 10 204 56 00; FAX: 31 10 204 58 90) Reincke & Fichtner GmbH Alsterdorfer Str. 262, Hamburg, D-22297, Germany (Tel: 49/40/369667-20; FAX: 49/40/369667-99; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://reinckefichtner.de) Reindeer Menthol C-24, Lawrence Rd. Industrial Area, Delhi, 110035, (Tel: 91-11-27190586; FAX: 91-1127182882; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.reindeermenthol.com) Reliable Biopharmaceutical Corp. 1945 Walton Rd., St. Louis, MO, 63114, USA (Tel: 314-429-7700; FAX: 314-429-0937; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.reliablebiopharm.com) Remy Industries NV Part of Rütgers Organics GmbH, Remylaan 4, 3018 Leuven-Wijgmaal, Belgium (Tel: 32 16 248511; FAX: 32 16 440144; Internet: http://www.remy-industries.be) Research Organics Inc. 4353 E. 49th St., Cleveland, OH, 44125, USA (Tel: 216-883-8025; 800-321-0570; FAX: 216-883-1576; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.resorg.com/) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Research Organix (Pty) Ltd P.O. Box 111, Ruimsig, 1732, Gauteng, South Africa (Tel: 27 11 958 2200; FAX: 27 11 958 2205; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.researchorganix.com) Research Plus Inc. PO Box 661, 56 Union Avenue, Manasquan, NJ, 08736, USA (Tel: 732-528-7751; 800341-2296; FAX: 732-528-7734; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.researchplus.com) Resinall Resinall Corp., P.O. Box 195, Severn, NC, 27877, USA (Tel: 252-585-1445; 800-4210561; FAX: 252-585-0898; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.resinall.com/) Resinall Corp. Europe, Kleine Pathoekeweg 82, B-8000Brugge, Belgium (Tel: 32 50 323 731; FAX: 32 50 323 365; E-mail: [email protected]) Resinas Sintéticas S.A. de C.V. ieja 8, Piso 8, Col. Juárez, 06600 México, D.F., Mexico (Tel: 52 5 286-0211; FAX: 525 5536351; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.resinas.com) Resource Chemical Ltd. Resource House, High Street, Brackley, Northants, NN13 7DS, UK (Tel: 44 1280 843803; FAX: 44 1280 701745; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.resourcechemical.co.uk) Rettenmaier J. Rettenmaier & Sohne GmbH & Co., Holzmühle 1, D-73494 Rosenberg, Germany (Tel: 49 7967 1520; FAX: 49 7967 152222; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jrs.de/wDeutsch/) JRS Pharma GmbH & Co., Holzmühle 1, D73494 Rosenberg, Germany (Tel: 49 7967 1520; FAX: 49 7967 152345; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jrspharma.com) Rettenmaier France, Les Tanneries Royales, 20 Rue Schnapper, 78100 St. Germain en Laye, France (Tel: 33 1 39 73 37 00; FAX: 33 1 39 73 05 97; E-mail: [email protected]) Rettenmaier Italia Srl & C. Sas, Via H. Dunant 8 int. 13, I - 46043 Castiglione Delle Stiviere (MN), Italy (Tel: 39 0376-944 002; 2755

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory FAX: 39 0376-944 126; E-mail: [email protected]) Rettenmaier Polska SP.z.o.o., Al. Jerozolimskie 181, PL 02-222 Warszawa, Poland (Tel: 48 22 60 85-100; E-mail: [email protected]) J. Rettenmaier USA LP, 16369 US Hwy. 131, Schoolcraft, MI, 49087, USA (Tel: 269 679 2340; FAX: 269 679 2364; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jrsusa.com) J. Rettenmaier Latinoamericana Ltda., Avenida das Nações Unidas, 18.001, 6° andar - sala 608, 04795-900 São Paulo, SP BRASIL (Tel: 5511 5683-77-08/-09/-10/-11; FAX: 5511 5683-7711; E-mail: [email protected]) J. RETTENMAIER Hong Kong, Suite 1904, 19th floor, Central Plaza, 18 Harbour Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong, (Tel: 85 225 309 552; FAX: 85 225 304 401; E-mail: [email protected]) Reuter Chemische Apparatebau KG Engesserstrasse 4b, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany (Tel: 49 761 559 6460; FAX: 49 761 559 6488; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rcaseparations.de) RFI Ingredients 300 Corporate Drive, Suite 14, Blauvelt, NY, 10913, USA (Tel: 845-358-8600; 800-9627663; FAX: 845-358-9003; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rfiingredients.com) Rhodia Rhodia USA, 259 Prospect Plains Rd., CN 7500, Cranbury, NJ, 08512-7500, USA (Tel: 609-860-4000; 800-922-2189; FAX: 609860-0459; Internet: http://www.rhodia.com) Rhodia Home, Personal Care, Industrial Ingreds. (HPCII), 259 Prospect Plains Rd., CN 7500, Cranbury, NJ, 08512-7500, USA (Tel: 609-860-4000; 888-776-7337; FAX: 609-860-0165; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rhodia-hpcii.com) Rhodia Phosphorus Performance Derivs., C7500, Cranbury, NJ, 08512-7500, USA (Tel: 609-860-3921; 888-776-7337; FAX: 609-860-2257)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Rhodia Canada, 3265 Wolfedale Road, Mississauga, Ontario, L5C 1V8, Canada (Tel: 905-270-5534; FAX: 905-270-5816) Rhodia Latin America, Centro Empresarial, Av. Maria Coelho Aguiar, 215, Bloco B, São Paulo, CEP 05804-, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 37 41 82 38) Rhodia Ltd., Oak House, Reeds Crescent, Watford, Hertfordshire, WD24 4QP, UK (Tel: 44 1923 485868; FAX: 44 1923 211580) Rhodia Consumer Specialties Ltd./Phosphorus & Perf. Derivs., Oak House, Reeds Crescent, Watford, Hertfordshire, WD24 4QP, UK (Tel: 44 1923 485 868; FAX: 44 1923 485 868; E-mail: [email protected]) Rhodia Europe, Coeur Défense - Tour A 37ème étage, 110, esplanade Charles de Gaulle, 92931 Paris La Défense Cdx, France (Tel: 33 1 53 56 64 64) Rhodia Home, Personal Care, Industrial Ingredients (France), 52, rue de la Haie Coq, 93308 Aubervilliers Cedex, France (Tel: 33 153565343; FAX: 33 153565390; Internet: http://www.hpcii.rhodia.com) Rhodia Belgium S.A.-N.V., Boulevard Sylvain Dupuis 243, B-1070 Bruxelles, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 529 4582; FAX: 32 2 529 4584) Rhodia GmbH, Städelstraße 10, D- 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (Tel: 49 69 60 93318; FAX: 49 69 60 93-333; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rhodia.de) Rhodia Nicca, Ltd., Rappongi First Bldg., 9-9 Rappongi 1-chome, Minato ku, Tokyo, 1068540, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3585 8572; FAX: 81 3 3585-4785; E-mail: [email protected]) Rhodia Singapore Pte. Ltd., #27-06/07 The Concourse, 300 Beach Rd., Singapore, 199555, Singapore (Tel: 65. 6291 1921; FAX: 65. 6299 1503; E-mail: [email protected]) Rhodia Organics, 190, Avenue Thiers, 69457 Lyon Cedex 06, France (Tel: 33 (0)4 37 24 86 90; FAX: 33 (0)4 37 24 86 61; Internet: http://www.rhodiappa.com/ppa/home.jsp) RIA International LLC 9 Whippany Road, #C-3, Whippany, NJ, 07981, USA (Tel: 973-581-1282; 888-3012011; FAX: 973-581-1283; E-mail:

2756

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.riausa.com) Riceland Foods, Inc./Lecithin Div. P.O. Box 927, Stuttgart, AR, 72160, USA (Tel: 870.673.5500; Internet: http://www.riceland.com/) Richman Chemical, Inc. 768 N. Bethlehem Pike, Lower Gwynedd, PA, 19002, USA (Tel: 215-628-2946; FAX: 215628-4262; Internet: http://www.richmanchemical.com) Riedel-de Haën Sigma-Aldrich Laborchemikalien GmbH Member of the Sigma-Aldrich Group, PO Box 10 02 62, 30918 Seelze, Germany (Tel: 49 5137 8238 0; FAX: 49 5137 8238 120; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Brands/Flu ka___Riedel_Home/About_Fluka_and_Ri edel.html) Riken Vitamin Co., Ltd. TDC Bldg., 2-9-18, Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 101-8370, Japan (Tel: 81 3-52755130; FAX: 81 3-3237-1087; Internet: http://www.rikenvitamin.jp/) RITA Corp. 850 South Rt. 31, PO Box 457, Crystal Lake, IL, 60014-0457, USA (Tel: 815-337-2500; 800-426-7759; FAX: 815-337-2522; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ritacorp.com) Rit-Chem Co. Inc. 109 Wheeler Ave., PO Box 435, Pleasantville, NY, 10570-0435, USA (Tel: 914-769-9110; FAX: 914-769-1408; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ritchem.com) Robeco Chemicals Inc. Garden City, Garden City, NY, 11530, USA (Tel: 516.248.1521; 800-992-1067; FAX: 516.248.1524; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.robecoinc.com) Robertet Robertet UK Ltd., Kings Rd. Industrial Site, Haslemere, Surrey, GU27 2QU, UK (Tel: 44 1428 644236; FAX: 44 1428 656230; Internet: http://www.robertet.com) Robertet Espana, Calle Muntaner, 543, 08022 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 417 71 04; FAX: 34 93 417 96 55; E-mail: [email protected]) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Robertet GmbH, Rodenkirchener Strasse 93, 50997 Koln, Germany (Tel: 49 22 33 27 48; FAX: 49 22 33 21 814; E-mail: [email protected]) Robertet Italia srl, Via Faruffini, 8, 20149 Milan, Italy (Tel: 39 02 48 00 89 90; FAX: 39 02 48 00 98 03) Robertet Inc., 125 Bauer Dr., PO Box 60, Oakland, NJ, 07436-3190, USA (Tel: 201337-7100; FAX: 201-337-0070; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.robertet.com/) Robertet Flavors Inc., 201 Circle Dr N # 108, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-3723, USA (Tel: 732-271-1804; FAX: 732-981-1717) Robertet Singapore Pte Ltd, 315 Outram Road #10-09, Tan Boon Liat Bldg., Singapore, 169074, Singapore (Tel: 65 62210441; FAX: 65 62235608; E-mail: [email protected]) Roche Hoffmann-LaRoche Inc., 340 Kingsland St., Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA (Tel: 973-235-5000; 800-526-0625; FAX: 973-235-7605; Internet: http://www.rocheusa.com) Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 2455 Meadowpine Boulevard, Mississauga, Ontario, L5N 6L7, Canada (Tel: 905-542 5555; FAX: 905-542 7130; Internet: http://www.rochecanada.com) F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland (Tel: 41 61 688 1111; FAX: 41 61 691 9391; Internet: http://www.roche.ch) Roche Deutschland Holding GmbH, EmilBarell-Str. 1, DE-79639 Grenzach-Wyhlen, Germany (Tel: 49 7624 9088 0; FAX: 49 7624 9008 3672; Internet: http://www.roche.de) Roche Products Ltd., Div. of Roche AG, Hexagon Place, 6 Falcon Way, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, AL7 1TW, UK (Tel: 44 1707 366000; FAX: 44 1707338297; Internet: http://www.rocheuk.com) Produits Roche S.A., 52, Blvd. du Parc, F92521 Neuilly-s/Seine CEDEX, France (Tel: 33 1 46 40 50 00; FAX: 33 1 46 40 52 83; Internet: http://www.roche.fr) Roche (China) Ltd., Floor 2-3, Building 2, 1100 Long Dong Ave., Pudong New Area, CN-201203 Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China 2757

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory (Tel: 86 21 5080 1888; FAX: 86 21 5080 1800; Internet: http://www.roche.com.cn) Roche Diagnostics Roche Diagnostics Corp./Roche Applied Science, 9115 Hague Rd., PO Box 50414, Indianapolis, IN, 46250-0414, USA (Tel: 800-428-5433; FAX: 800-428-2883; E-mail: indianapolis.bmbcustomerservice@roch e.com; Internet: http://www.roche-appliedscience.com) Roche Diagnostics GmbH/Roche Applied Science, Sandhoferstrasse, 68305 Mannheim, Germany (Tel: 49-621-7598539; FAX: 49-621-759-8512; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.roche-applied-science.com) Rochem International, Inc. 980 South Second St., Ronkonkoma, NY, 11779, USA (Tel: 631-738-1188; 877-6ROCHEM; FAX: 631-738-1199; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rochemintl.com) Rock Chemie No. 43, Iranshahr St, Tehran, Iran (Tel: 98 21 8884 3227 - 8; FAX: 98 21 882 6168; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rockchemie.com/) Roeper GmbH & Co., CE Hans-Duncker-Str. 13, 21035 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 7341030; FAX: 49 40 73410335; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.roeper.de) Roha France Tour Rosny 2, Ave. du General de Gaulle, 93110 Rosney Sous Bois Cedex, France (Tel: 33 01.48.12.10.83; FAX: 33 01.48.55.53.60; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rohadyechem.com/) Rohm and Haas Rohm and Haas Co., 100 Independence Mall West, Philadelphia, PA, 19106-2399, USA (Tel: 215-592-3000; 800-922-8765; FAX: 215-592-3377; Internet: http://www.rohmhaas.com; http://www.acusol.com) Rohm and Haas Quimica Ltda., Avenida das NaÁžes Unidas; 12.551 - Edificio WTC, World Trade Center, 13† Floor; Barrio Brooklin Novo, CEP 04578-903 Sao Paulo, Brasil (Tel: 55 11 5112-9000; FAX: 55 11 5505-2248) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Rohm and Haas Argentina S.R.L., Carlos Pellegrini 1149, 7th floor, Capital Federal, (1009) Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54-115371-4400; FAX: 54-11-5371-4444) Rohm and Haas Nordiska AB, Ringvîgen 163, Box 45, 261 22 Landskrona, Sweden (Tel: 46 418 450 400; FAX: 46 418 450 499) Rohm and Haas South Africa (Pty.) Ltd., 8 Schafer Road, New Germany, 3610 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (Tel: 27 31 716 5900; FAX: 27 31 716 5965) Rohm and Haas B.V., Valgenweg 7, 9936 HV Farmsum, Delfzijl, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 596 633563; FAX: 31 596 615516) Rohm and Haas European Holding Aps, Oesterfaelled Torv 33, 2nd Floor, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark (Tel: 45 35 444 333; FAX: 45 35 444 343) Rohm and Haas Espana S.A., Provenza, 216 3rd Fl., 08036 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 227 1900; FAX: 34 93 323 4043) Rohm and Haas India Pvt. Ltd., 121-122, Solitaire Corporate Park, Chakala, AndheriKurla Road, Andheri (East), Mumbai, 400093, India (Tel: 91 22 6692 9100; FAX: 91 22 6698 9146) Rohm and Haas (Australia) Pty. Ltd., 969 Burke Rd., Camberwell, Victoria, 3124, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9272 4222; FAX: 61 3 9272 4254; E-mail: [email protected]) Rohm and Haas (UK) Ltd., Westgate, Aldridge, West Midlands, WS9 8YH, UK (Tel: 44 1922 741 345; FAX: 44 1922 741 327) Rohm and Haas Scotland Ltd., Grangemouth Works, Wholeflats Rd., Grangemouth, Stirlingshire, FK3 9UY, Scotland UK (Tel: 44 1324 473361; FAX: 44 1324 474303) Rohm and Haas Asia-Pacific Regional Headquarters, 2F-A, No. 6, Lane 452, Da Ye Road, Peitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan (Tel: 886 2 2898 1500; FAX: 866 2 2898 1213) Rohm and Haas China, Inc., Suite 819-825, Beijing Golden Land Bldg., No. 32 Liang Ma Qiao Rd., Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100016, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 6464 3450; FAX: 86 10 6464 3466; E-mail: [email protected]) Rohm and Haas Japan K. K., Sanbancho UF Bldg., 6-3 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo,

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 102-0075, Japan (Tel: 81-3-6238-4300; FAX: 81-3-5213-2901) Romil Ltd. The Source, Convent Dr., Waterbeach, Cambridge, CB5 9QT, UK (Tel: 44 1223 863 873; FAX: 44 1223 862 700; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.romil.com) Rona Div. of EMD Industries, Inc., 7 Skyline Dr., Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA (Tel: 914-5924660; 888-444-RONA; FAX: 914-785-5804; Internet: http://www.emdchemicals.com/rona/1000 .asp) Roquette Roquette Freres, 62080 Lestrem Cedex, France (Tel: 33 3 21 63 36 00; FAX: 33 3 21 63 38 50; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.roquette.fr) Roquette America, Inc., 1417 Exchange St., PO Box 6647, Keokuk, IA, 52632-6647, USA (Tel: 319-524-5757; 800-553-7035; FAX: 319-526-2345; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.roquette.fr) Roquette (UK) Ltd., Sallow Rd., Corby, Northants, NN17 5JX, UK (Tel: 44 1536 273 000; FAX: 44 1536 263 873) Frank B. Ross Co., Inc. 970-H New Brunswick Ave., Richway, NJ, USA (Tel: 732-669-0810; FAX: 732-669-0814; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.frankbross.com) K J Ross-Petersen A/S Dalsgaardsvej 22, DK-2930 Klampenborg, Denmark (Tel: 45 20 19 36 46; FAX: 45 39 17 97 47; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ross.dk) Rottapharm SpA Via Valosa di Sopra 9, 20052 Monza Milan, Italy (Tel: 39 39 7390 1; FAX: 39 39 7390 371; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rotta.com) Roussel Uclaf SA 102, Route de Noisy, 93235 TRomaineville. Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 49 91 49 91; FAX: 33 1 49 91 44 90) H.M. Royal, Inc. PO Box 28, 689 Pennington Ave., Trenton, NJ, 08601-0028, USA (Tel: 609-396-9176; 800Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

257-9452; FAX: 609-396-3185; Internet: http://www.hmroyal.com) Royale Pigments & Chemicals Inc. 12 Rte. 17 North, Suite 309, Paramus, NJ, 07652, USA (Tel: 201-845-4666; FAX: 201845-0719; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.royalepigments-chem.com) Royce International 366 N. Broadway, Ste. 400, Jericho, NY, 11753, USA (Tel: 516-367-6298; FAX: 516367-6291; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.royceintl.com) R S A Corp. 36 Old Sherman Tpke., Danbury, CT, 06810, USA (Tel: 203-790-8100; FAX: 203-7901709; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rsa-corporation.com) R.T. Corp. 2931 Soldier Springs Road, P.O. Box 1346, Laramie, WY, 82070, USA (Tel: 307-742-54; 800-576-5690; FAX: 307-745-7936; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rtcorp.com) Ruger Chemical Co. Inc. 1515 West Blancke Street, Linden, NJ, 07036, USA (Tel: 973-926-0331; 800-274-RUGER; FAX: 973-926-4921; Internet: http://www.rugerchemical.com) W. Ruitenberg & CZN N.V. PO Box 76, 7390 AB Twello, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 571-270000; FAX: 31 571-270217; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ruitenberg.nl) Sachtleben Sachtleben Chemie GmbH, Dr RudolphSachtleben-Str. 4, Postfach 17 04 54, D47184 Duisburg, Germany (Tel: 49 2066 22 0; FAX: 49 2066 22 20 00; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sachtleben.de/) Sachtleben Chemie Verkoopkantoor GmbH , Treubstraat 13 ab, 2288 EG Rijswijk, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 70 31 92 219; FAX: 31 70 31 92 205; E-mail: [email protected]) Sachtleben Corp., 140 Grand Street, Suite 400, White Plains, NY, 10601, USA (Tel: 914 539 4080; FAX: 914 539 6560) Sachtleben Trading (Shanghai) Company Ltd., Hongqiao Business Center, Suite 4 l, Hongqiao Road 2272, Shanghai, 200336, 2759

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 5208 1321; FAX: 86 21 5208 1320; E-mail: [email protected]) SAF Bulk Chemicals SAF Bulk Chemicals, 3050 Spruce St., St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA (Tel: 314-534-4900; 800-336-9719; FAX: 800-368-4661) SAF Bulk Chemicals (UK), PO Box 1033, Fancy Rd., Poole, Dorset, BH12 4ZL, UK (Tel: 44 1202 712222; FAX: 44 1202 740171) Sal Chemical Co., Inc. Half Moon Industrial Park, 3036 Birch Dr., Weirton, WV, 26062, USA (Tel: 304-7488200; 800-879-1725; FAX: 304-797-8751; Internet: http://www.salchem.com) Sammi Industrial Co., Ltd. 222, Palgog Il-Dong, Ansan-City, Kyunggi-do, 425-200, South Korea (Tel: 82 31 437 0451; FAX: 82 31 437 0456; Internet: http://www.sammi-gelatin.com) San-Ei Gen San-Ei Gen F.F.I., Inc., 1-4-9, Hirano-machi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-8688, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6202 3751; FAX: 81 6 6202 3770; Internet: http://www.saneigenffi.co.jp) San-Ei Gen F.F.I. (U.S.A.), Inc., 630 Fifth Avenue Suite, 1440 (Rockefeller Center), New York, NY, 10111, USA (Tel: 2123157850; FAX: 212-974-2540; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.saneigen.com/HTML/saneigen .html) San Fu Co. Ltd., Air Products Div. of Air Products, 5F, No. 21, Section 2, Chung Shan North Road, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 2 25214161; FAX: 886 2 25 81 52 05; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.airproducts.com.tw/) Sankyo Organic Chemicals Co., Ltd. 3-13-1, Kuji, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 213-0032, Japan (Tel: 81 44822-8151; Internet: http://www.sankyo.co.jp) Sanofi-aventis 55 Corporate Drive, Bridgewater, NJ, 08807, USA (Tel: 908 243 6000; 800-981-2491; FAX: 908 243 6483; Internet: http://www.sanofi-aventis.us) Sanovo Foods A/S Havnegade 33-35, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark (Tel: 45 66 111732; FAX: 45 66 141132; Internet: http://www.sanovo.dk/) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Sansho Co. Ltd. Twin21 MID Tower 23F, 1-61 Shiromi 2chome, Chuoh-ku, Osaka, 540-6123, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6941 7271; FAX: 81 6 6941 7278; Internet: http://www.sansho.co.jp) San Yuan Chemical Co., Ltd. 34 Kuang Fu Rd, Chia Tai Ind., Taipao City, Chiayih, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 52379361; FAX: 886-5-2379695) Sarcom, Inc. 270 S. Central Blvd., Suite 204, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA (Tel: 561-744-8808; 800-7525983; FAX: 561-744-8807; Internet: http://www.sarcominc.com) Sartomer Sartomer Co., Inc., Part of TotalFinaElf, Oaklands Corp. Center, 502 Thomas Jones Way, Exton, PA, 19341, USA (Tel: 610-3634100; 800-SARTOMER; FAX: 610-3634140; Internet: http://www.sartomer.com) Sartomer Europe, La Defense 2 - 12, Place de l'Iris, 92062 Paris La Defense Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 47 96 99 22; FAX: 33 1 47 96 99 93; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.crayvalley.com) Sartomer Co., Inc. (Asia Pacific Rim), 51 Goldhill Plaza #11-01/02, The Gemini, Singapore, 308900, Singapore (Tel: 65-63535949; FAX: 65-6-3535459; E-mail: [email protected]) Saskatchewan Minerals Inc. Div. of Goldcorp, Inc., PO Box 120, Railway Avenue, Chaplin, Saskatchewan, S0H 0V0, Canada (Tel: 306-395-2561; 800-667-9111, x 229; FAX: 306-395-2546; Internet: http://www.saskatchewanminerals.com) Sasol Sasol Germany GmbH, Paul-Baumann Strasse 1, D-45764 Marl, Germany (Tel: 49 2365 49 08; FAX: 49 2365 49 5040; Internet: http://www.sasol.com; http://www.sasolos.com/) Sasol Chemicals Europe, 1 Hockley Court, 2401, Stratford Rd., Hockley Heath, Solihull, West Midlands, B94 6NW, UK (Tel: +44 1564 78 3060; FAX: 44 1564 78 4088) Sasol Chemicals North America LLC, Affiliate of Sasol North America Inc., 900 Threadneedle, Suite 100, Houston, TX, 77079-2990, USA (Tel: 281-588-3000; 800231-8216; FAX: 281-588-3800; E-mail:

2760

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sasolnorthamerica.com) Satyam Pharma-Chem PVT. Ltd. 116 - 117, Gold Mohur, 174, Shamaldas Gandhi Marg, Marine lines, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 002, India (Tel: 91 22 2011118; FAX: 91 22 2088322; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.satyam.co.in/) Scheel Corp. 38 Franklin St., Brooklyn, NY, 11222-2039, USA (Tel: 718-389-3480; FAX: 718-3894512; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.scheelcorp.com/) Schulman A. Schulman Inc., 3550 West Market St., PO Box 1710, Akron, OH, 44313, USA (Tel: 330-666-3751; 800-54-RESIN; FAX: 330668-7204; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aschulman.com) A. Schulman Canada Ltd., 5770 Hurontario St., Mississauga, Ontario, L5R 3G5, Canada (Tel: 905-568-8470; FAX: 905-568-8479; Email: [email protected]) A. Schulman Inc. Ltd., Croespenmaen Industrial Estate, Crumlin, Newport, Gwent, NP11 3AG, Wales UK (Tel: 44 1495 244090; FAX: 44 1495 249277) Schumacher Unit of Air Products & Chemicals, 1969 Palomar Oaks Way, Carlsbad, CA, 92009, USA (Tel: 760-931-9555; 800-545-9242; FAX: 760-931-7819; Internet: http://www.schumacher.com) SCHÜTZ GmbH & Co. KGaA Schützstraße 12, DE-56242 Selters, Germany (Tel: 49 2626/77-420; FAX: 49 2626/77-307; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.schuetz.de/schuetz/en/index. phtml) Sciencelab.com, Inc. 14025 Smith Rd., Houston, TX, 77396, (Tel: 281-441-4400; 800-901-7247; FAX: 281441-4409; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sciencelab.com) Scientific Protein Laboratories, Inc. PO Box 158, 700 E. Main St., Waunakee, WI, 53597-0158, USA (Tel: 608-849-5944; 800334-4775; FAX: 608-849-4053; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.spl-pharma.com)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

SCI International (USA) Inc. 15 Union Ave., Rutherford, NJ, 07070, USA (Tel: 201-896-9660; FAX: 201-935-6605) Scott Bader Scott Bader Co. Ltd., Wollaston, Wellingborough, Northamptonshire, NN29 7RL, UK (Tel: 44 1933 663100; FAX: 44 1933 664592; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.scottbader.com) Scott Bader S.A., Div. of Scott Bader Co. Ltd., 65 rue Sully, 80044 Amiens Cedex 1, France (Tel: 33 3 22 66 27 66; FAX: 33 3 22 66 27 80; E-mail: [email protected]) Scott Bader Scandinavia, Betongvägen 4, Box 202, S-311 23 Falkenberg, Sweden (Tel: 46 346 10100; FAX: 46 346 59226; Email: [email protected]) Scott Specialty Gases 6141 Easton Rd., PO Box 310, Plumsteadville, PA, 18949-0310, USA (Tel: 215-766-8861; 877-715-8651; FAX: 215-766-2476; Internet: http://www.scottgas.com) Scripps Laboratories 6838 Flanders Dr., San Diego, CA, 92121, USA (Tel: 858-546-5800; FAX: 858-5465812; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.scrippslabs.com/) Sea-Land Chemical Co. 821 Westpoint Parkway, Westlake, OH, 44145, USA (Tel: 440-871-7887; FAX: 440-8717949; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sealandchem.com) John L. Seaton & Co. Ltd. Div. of Croda, First Floor, 7 Waterside Business Park, Livingstone Road, Hessle, East Yorkshire, North Humberside, HU13 0EG, UK (Tel: 44 1482 579700; FAX: 44 1482 647313; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.seatonsuk.co.uk) Seeler Industries Inc. 1 Genstar Rd., Joliet, IL, 60435, USA (Tel: 815-740-2640; 800-336-2422; FAX: 815740-6469; Internet: http://www.seeler.com) Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd. 3-2-10, Chigasaki, Chigasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 253, Japan (Tel: 81 467 82-4131; FAX: 81 467 82-4197; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.seimichemical.co.jp) 2761

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Selecto Scientific Inc. 3980 Lakefield Ct., Suwanee, GA, 30024, USA (Tel: 678-475-0799; 800-635-4017; FAX: 678-475-1595; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.selectoinc.com) Seltzer Chemicals, Inc. 5927 Geiger Court, Carlsbad, CA, 920087305, USA (Tel: 760-438-0089; 800-7358137; FAX: 760-438-0336; E-mail: [email protected]/; Internet: http://www.seltzeringredients.com/) Senn Chemicals Senn Chemicals AG, Industriestrasse 12, CH8157 Dielsdorf, Switzerland (Tel: 41 43 422 2400; FAX: 41 43 422 2424; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sennchem.com) Senn Chemicals, 11189 Sorrento Valley Road, # 4, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA (Tel: 858-450-6091; E-mail: [email protected]) Sensient Sensient Technical Colors, LLC, Subsid. of Sensient Tech., 16 Leliarts Lane, Elmwood Park, NJ, 07407-3291, USA (Tel: 201-7943800; FAX: 201-797-4660; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.triconcolors.com) Sensient Color Group, Part of Sensient Technologies, 2515 N. Jefferson, St. Louis, MO, 63106-1903, USA (Tel: 314-889-7600; 800-325-8110; FAX: 314-658-7318; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sensienttech.com/corporate/sensient_color_grou p.htm) Sensient Flavors & Fragrances, Part of Sensient Technologies, 5700 West Raymond St., Indianapolis, IN, 46241-4343, USA (Tel: 317-243-3521; FAX: 317-2401524; Internet: http://www.sensienttech.com) Sensient Pharmaceutical Technologies, Part of Sensient Technologies, 107 Wade Ave., S. Plainfield, NJ, 07080-1311, USA (Tel: 908-757-4500; 800-853-7804; FAX: 908-754-3222; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sensient-tech.com) Sensient Food Colors, PO Box 818 30, 30 River St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 4X6,

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Canada (Tel: 613-546-5509; 800-267-7884; FAX: 613-546-0355) Sentinalco S.A. Réduit des dominicains, 7, 7500 TOURNAI, Belgium (Tel: (32) (0) 69 23 53 44; FAX: (32) (0) 69 22 37 53; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.denatonium.com) Seppic Seppic, Div. of Air Liquide Group, Tour Kupka C, 7, boulevard Franck Kupka, 92039 Paris La Défense Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 55 91 57 00; FAX: 33 1 55 91 50 50; Internet: http://www.seppic.com) Seppic UK Ltd., 50 Salisbury Rd., PO Box 338, Hounslow, Middlesex, TA1 6JH, UK (Tel: 44 181 477 8800; FAX: 44 181 570 2106) Seppic Italia Srl, Via Quarenghi 27, 20151 Milano, Italy (Tel: 39 2 3800 9110; FAX: 39 2 3800 9140) Seppic Inc., Subsid. of Seppic France, 30 Two Bridges Rd., Suite 210, Fairfield, NJ, 070041530, USA (Tel: 973-882-5597; FAX: 973882-5178; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.seppicinc.com) Seppic Shanghai, 510 Jin Tai Bldg., 58 South Mao Ming Rd., Shanghai, 200020, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 64 66 01 49; FAX: 86 21 64 66 01 09) Sethness Products Co. 3422 W. Touhy Ave., Chicago, IL, 60645-2717, USA (Tel: 847-329-2080; 888-772-1880; FAX: 847-329-2090; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sethness.com) S & G Resources, Inc. 266 Main St., Old Medfield Sq., Medfield, MA, 02052, USA (Tel: 508-359-7771; FAX: 508359-7775; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sandgresources.com) Shamrock Technologies Shamrock Technologies Inc., Foot of Pacific Street, Newark, NJ, 07114, USA (Tel: 973242-2999; 800-349-1822; FAX: 973-2428074; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.shamrocktechnologies.com) Shamrock Technologies European Headquarters, Heesterveldweg 21, 3700 2762

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Tongeren, Belgium (Tel: 32 12 45 83 30; FAX: 32 12 45 83 40) Shandong Haihua Tianhe Organic Chemical Co., Ltd. No.919 Yuanfei Road, Kuiwen, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, P.R. China (Tel: 86 536 8662572; FAX: 86 536 8662175; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tianhe-chemical.com) Shanghai Apple Flavor & Fragrance Co., Ltd. No. 28, Wanrong Rd., Shanghai, 200072, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 66523100; FAX: 86 21 66523180; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.cnaff.com) Shanghai Rokem International Trading Co., Ltd. 9D, Double Dove Great Tower, 438 Pudian Road, Shanghai, 200122, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 5081 1396; FAX: 86 21 5881 8728; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rokem.com) Shan Par Industries 303/5, GIDC Estate, PO Box 777, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390 010, India (Tel: 91 265 263 8717; FAX: 91 265 264 5130; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.shanpar.com) Sharon Laboratories Israel Industrial Zone Ad Halom, PO Box 832, 77106 Ashdod, Israel (Tel: 972 8 855 49800; FAX: 972 8 8544494) Shell Shell Chemical LP, Div. of Shell Oil Co., One Shell Plaza, PO Box 2463, Houston, TX, 77252-2463, USA (Tel: 713-241-6161; 800872-7435; FAX: 713-241-4043; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.shellchemicals.com; http://www.shell-lubricants.com) Shell Mexico, Av Paseo de las Palmas 425, Piso 3 Col Lomas de Chapultepec CP, 11000 Mexico D F, Mexico (Tel: 52 55 5089 5737; FAX: 52 55 5089 5790; E-mail: [email protected]) Shell Pétrochimie Mediterranée, Provence Customer Centre, B.P. 215, 13131 Berre l'Etang Cedex, France (Tel: 33 4 42 34 05 50; FAX: 33 4 42 34 05 55; E-mail: [email protected]) Shell Chemicals Europe BV, PO Box 8610, 3009 AP Rotterdam, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 10 231 7000; FAX: 31 10 231 7115; EHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mail: [email protected]) Shell Chemicals Japan Ltd., Daiba Frontier Bldg., 2-3-2 Daiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 1358074, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5500 3002; FAX: 81 3 5500 3031; E-mail: [email protected]) Shell Eastern Chemicals (Singapore), Shell House, UE Square, 83 Clemenceau Ave., Singapore, 239920, Singapore (Tel: 65 6384 8000; E-mail: [email protected]) Shepherd Chemical The Shepherd Chemical Co., 4900 Beech St., Cincinnati, OH, 45212, USA (Tel: 513731-1110; FAX: 513-731-1532; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.shepchem.com) Shepherd Widnes Ltd., Moss Bank Rd., Widnes, Cheshire, WA8 0RU, UK (Tel: 44 151 424 9156; FAX: 44 151 495 1446) Shepherd Mirecourt S.A.R.L., Aeroport Epinol-Mircourt, 88502 Mircourt, France (Tel: 33 29 37 88 22; FAX: 33 29 37 70 70) Shepherd Lausanne S.A.R.L., Route De Renens 1, 1030 Bussigny-Pres-Lausanne, Switzerland (Tel: 41 21 701 2992; FAX: 41 21 701 3035; E-mail: [email protected]) Shin-Etsu Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd./Silicone Div., 6-1, Ohtemachi 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3246 5132; FAX: 81 3 3246 5361; Internet: http://www.silicone.jp/e/) Shin-Etsu Silicone Taiwan Co. Ltd., 11FD,No.167,Tun Hua N. Rd, Taipei, 10549, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886-2-2715-0055; FAX: 886-2-2715-0066; Internet: http://www.shinetsu.com.tw/) Shin-Etsu Silicone Korea Co. Ltd., Int'l. Insurance Bldg. 904, 120, 5-ka, Namdaemoon-ro, Chung-ku, Seoul, Korea (Tel: 82 2 775 9691; FAX: 82 2 775 9690; Internet: http://www.shinetsu.net) Shin-Etsu Silicone Singapore Pte. Ltd., 4 Shenton Way, #10-03/06, #10-03/06, SGX Centre 2,, Singapore, 068807, Singapore (Tel: 65 6743 7277; FAX: 65 6743 7477; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.shinetsu.com.sg/) Shin-Etsu Silicones of America, Inc., 1150 Damar Dr., Akron, OH, 44305, USA (Tel: 2763

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 330-630-9860; FAX: 330-630-9855; Internet: http://www.shinetsusilicones.com) Shin-Etsu Silicones Europe B.V., Bolderweg 32, 1332 AV Almere, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 36 5493170; FAX: 31 36 5326459) Shipro Kasei Kaisha, Ltd. Sumitomo Seimei Bldg. 12F, 19-4, HigashiNakajima 1-chome, Higashi-yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 533-0033, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6328 1964; FAX: 81 6 6329 0631; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.shipro.co.jp) Showa Denko Showa Denko K.K., 13-9, Shiba Daimon 1Chome, Minato-kui, Tokyo, 105-8518, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5470 3235; FAX: (03) 3436-2625; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sdk.co.jp) Showa Denko America Inc., 489 Fifth Avenue, 18th Fl., New York, NY, 10017, USA (Tel: 212-370-0033; FAX: 212-3704566) Showa Denko (Europe) GmbH, Martin-Kollar Strasse 10, 81829 Munich, Germany (Tel: 49 89-9399620; FAX: 49 89 93996250) Sierra Chemical Co. 788 Northport Dr., W. Sacramento, CA, 95691, USA (Tel: 916-371-5943; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sierrachemicalcompany.com) Sigma-Aldrich Aldrich Chemical Co., Inc., PO Box 355, 1001 West St. Paul Ave., Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA (Tel: 414-273-3850; 800-5589160; FAX: 800-962-9591; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sigma-aldrich.com) Sigma-Aldrich Fine Chems., 3050 Spruce St., St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA (Tel: 314771-5765; FAX: 314-771-5757; Internet: http://www.sigma-aldrich.com) Sigma-Aldrich N.V./S.A., Kardinaal Cardijnplein 8, 2880 Bornem, Belgium (Tel: 32 3 899 1301; FAX: 32 3 899 1311; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/belgium) Sigma-Aldrich Co. Ltd., The Old Brickyard, New Road, Gillingham, Dorset, SP8 4XT, UK (Tel: 44 1747 833164; FAX: 44 1202 714141; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/uk) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

SAFC Specialties, Sigma Aldrich, 6000 N. Teutonia Ave., Milwaukee, WI, 53209, USA (Tel: 314-534-4900; 800-244-1173; FAX: 314-652-0000; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.safcspecialties.com) Aldrich-Chimie S.a.r.l., L'Isle D'Abeau Chesnes, BP 701, 38297 La Verpillière Cedex, France (Tel: 33 4 74 82 28 88; FAX: 33 4 74 95 68 08; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sigma-aldrich.com/france) Sigma-Aldrich Quimica SA, Ronda de Poniente 3, 2a Planta, 28760 Madrid, Spain (Tel: 34 1 6619977; FAX: 34 1 6619642; Email: [email protected]) Sigma-Aldrich Srl, Via Gallarate 154, 20151 Milan (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 2 3341 7310; FAX: 39 2 3801 0737; E-mail: [email protected]) Sigma-Aldrich s.r.o., Pobrezni 46, CZ-186 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic (Tel: 420 2 46003 200; FAX: 420 2 46003 291; E-mail: [email protected]) Sigma-Aldrich Pty. Ltd., Unit #2, 14 Anella Ave., Castle Hill, NSW, 2154, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9841 0555; FAX: 61-2-9841 0500; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.aldrich.sial.com) Sigma-Aldrich Japan K.K., Tennoz Central Tower 4F, 2-2-24 Higashi Shinagawa,, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-0002, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5796-7300; FAX: 81 35796-7315; E-mail: [email protected]) SI Group Schenectady Canada Ltd., 319 Comstock Rd., Scarborough, Ontario, M1L 2H3, Canada (Tel: 416-615-4700; FAX: 416-7572468) Schenectady Australia Pty Ltd., P.O. Box 515, St. Marys,, NSW, 1790, Australia (Tel: 61-2-9623-9044; FAX: 61-2-9623-9698; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.siigroup.com/australia/contac t/index.html) Schenectady Europe Ltd., Div. of Schenectady Chemicals Inc., Four Ashes, Wolverhampton, Staffs, WV10 7BT, UK (Tel: 44 1902 790555; FAX: 44 1902 791640) Schenectady Herdillia Ltd., Div. of Schenectady Chemicals Inc., Air India Building, Nariman Point, Mumbai, 400 021, 2764

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory India (Tel: 91 22 2281 6245; FAX: 91 22 2204 2379; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.siigroup.com/herdillia/index.h tml) Silbrico Corp. 6300 River Rd., Hodgkins, IL, 60525-4257, USA (Tel: 708-354-3350; 800-323-4287; FAX: 708-354-6698; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.silbrico.com/) Silchem Inc. 200 Granton Dr., Richmond Hil, Ontario, L4B 1H7, Canada (Tel: 905-709-5867; 877-7452436; FAX: 905-709-5942; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.silcheminc.com) Simag Chemicals A-9D Atlantic sea view city,, No.9 Hubin West Rd., Xiamen, China (Tel: 86 592 2680277; FAX: 86 592 2680237; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.simagchem.com/) Simonis B.V., B.V. Industrie & Handelsonderneming Simonis Postbus 620, 7000 AP Doetinchem, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 314 333 700; FAX: 31 314 344 167; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.simonis-bv.nl) Sinochem Liaoning Corp. 32-33/F,Raibow Buliding, No.23 Renming Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116001, P.R. China (Tel: 86 411 82821888; FAX: 86 411 82820646; Internet: http://www.sinochemliaoning.com) Sinochem Tianjin Import & Export Corp. 58 Nanjing Rd., Tianjin, 300042, P.R. China (Tel: 86 22 23146216; FAX: 86-2223146215; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sinochemtianjin.com) SKW SKW Trostberg AG, Div. of Evonik Degussa, Dr. Albert-Frankstrasse 32, 83303 Trostberg, Germany (Tel: 49 86 21 86-2460; FAX: 49 86 21 86-2020; Internet: http://www.skw.com) SKW Chemicals Inc., Member of the VIAG Group, 1509 Johnson Ferry Rd., Suite 150, Marietta, GA, 30062, USA (Tel: 770-9711317; FAX: 770-971-4306; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.skwchem.com/) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

SKW East Asia Ltd., Sanbancho KS Building, 6F, Sanbancho 2, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 1020075,, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3288 7351; FAX: 81 3 3228 7358; E-mail: http://www.skwea.co.jp) Skymart Enterprises, Inc. PO Box 637, San Gabriel, CA, 91778, USA (Tel: 626-286-3742; FAX: 626-285-6842; Email: [email protected]) Werner G. Smith, Inc. 1730 Train Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44113, USA (Tel: 216-861-3676; 800-535-8343; FAX: 216-861-3680; Internet: http://www.wernergsmith.com) Wilfrid Smith Ltd. Elm House, Medlicott Close, Oakley Hay, Northants, NN18 9NF, UK (Tel: 44 1536 460020; FAX: 44 1536 462400; Internet: http://www.wilfrid-smith.co.uk/home.htm) SNPE SNPE Chimie, 12, quai henri IV, 75181 Paris cedex 04, France (Tel: 33 01 48 04 66 66; FAX: 33 01 42 77 80 82; Internet: http://www.snpe.com) SNPE Group/Bergerac NC, Blvd. Charles Garaud, B.P. 814, 24108 Bergerac Cedex, France (Tel: 33 5 53 63 63 63; FAX: 33 5 53 63 62 05; E-mail: [email protected]) Isochem UK, Div. of SNPE, Suffolk House, George St., Croydon, Surrey, CR0 1PE, UK (Tel: 44 20 8649 7474; FAX: 44 20 8760 0420; E-mail: [email protected]) Isochem Deutschland, Bolongarostrasse 82, 65 929 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (Tel: 49 6931 6031; FAX: 49 6931 6466; E-mail: [email protected]) SNPE Italia, Via Mascheroni 29, 20145 Milan, Italy (Tel: 39 0248 193 670; FAX: 39 331 465 126; E-mail: [email protected]) SNPE Japan K.K., Onarimon Yusen Bldg. 12F, 3-23-5 Nishi, Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3433 2880; FAX: 81 3 3433 6652; E-mail: [email protected]) Soda Aromatic Co., Ltd. No.2-3 Nihonbashi Kodemmacho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8366, Japan (Tel: 81-3-56457347; FAX: 81 3 3666 2913; Internet: http://www.soda.co.jp) Solae The Solae Co., Joint venture of Dupont and Bunge Ltd., PO Box 88940, 1034 Danforth Dr, St. Louis, MO, 63188, USA (Tel: 3142765

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 982-1983; 800-325-7108; Internet: http://www.solae.com) Solae Europe S.A., 2, chemin du Pavillon, CH-1218 Le Grand-Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland (Tel: 41 22 717 6400; FAX: 41 22 717 6401; Internet: http://www.solae.com) The Solae Company Hong Kong, 26/Floor, Tower 6, The Gateway, 9 Canton Road, Tsimshatsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. China (Tel: 852.2734.5352) Solae Latin America, Alameda Itapecuru, 506, 06454-080 - Barueri - SP, Brazil (Tel: 55.11.4166.8709) Soluol Co. 199 Amaral Street, East Providence, RI, 02915, USA (Tel: 401-435-8800; FAX: 401435-8801; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.soluol.com) Solutia Solutia Inc., 575 Maryville Center Dr., St. Louis, MO, 63141, USA (Tel: 314-674-1000; FAX: 314-674-1585; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.solutia.com; http://www.coatings-solutia.com) Solutia Canada Inc., 6800, rue St-Patrick, LaSalle, Quebec, H8N 2H3, Canada (Tel: 514-366-4850; FAX: 514-366-9933) Solutia Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V., Torre Cuadrata, Paseo de la Reforma No. 2654, Piso 5-501, Col. Lomas Altas, 11950 Mexico, D.F., Mexico, D.F. (Tel: 52 55 5259 6800; FAX: 52 55 5570 9847) Solutia Argentina S.R.L., Avenida Alicia Moreau de Justo 1960, 2nd Fl., Office 203, C1107AFN, Puerto Madero Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54 11 4515 0709; FAX: 54 11 4515 0728) Solutia Brasil Ltda., Rua Gomes de Carvalho, 1306-6o andar, 04547-005 Sao Paulo SP, 04602-970, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 3365 1811; FAX: 55 11 3365 1818) Solutia Europe SA/NV, Rue Laid Burniat, 3, Parc Scientifique-Fleming, 1348 Louvain-laNeuve Sud, Belgium (Tel: 32 10 48 12 11; FAX: 32 10 48 12 12; Internet: http://www.solutia.com) Solutia UK Ltd., Corporation Rd., Newport, South Wales, Gwent, NP19 4XF, UK (Tel: 44 1633 75 4501; FAX: 44 1633 27 6317)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Solutia Europe NV, Ottergemsesteenweg, 707, B-9000 Gent, Belgium (Tel: 32 9 243 6211; FAX: 32 9 243 6212) Solutia Australia Pty. Ltd., P.O. Box 781, Templestowe, Victoria, 3106, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9846 4111; FAX: 61 3 9846 5511) Solutia Chemicals India Private Ltd., 205207, Midas Sahar Plaza Complex, AndheriKurla Rd., Andheri (East), Mumbai, 400 059, India (Tel: 91 22 830 2860; FAX: 91 22 830 2859) Solutia Japan Ltd., Shinkawa Sano Bldg., 2nd Fl., 1-3-17 Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0033, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3523 2080; FAX: 81 3 3523 2070) Solutia Hong Kong Ltd., Room 2207-9, Tower II,, Lippo Centre, 89 Queensway, Admiralty, Hong Kong (Tel: 852-2530-8882; FAX: 852-2530-8167) Solutia Int'l. Trading (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Unit 1018, Ocean Towers, No.550 Yanan Road(E), Shanghai, 200001, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 6361 2266; FAX: 86 21 6385 1882) Solutia Korea Ltd., 3rd Fl., Anglican Church Bldg., 3-7, Jeong-dong, Joong-gu, Seoul, 100-120, Korea (Tel: 82 2 736 7112; FAX: 82 2 739 5049) Solutia Singapore Pte. Ltd., 101 Thomson Rd., #19-01/02 United Square, Singapore, 307591, Singapore (Tel: 65 6 357 6100; FAX: 65 6 357 6201) Solutia Taiwan Inc., 7/F-1 No. 122 Chung Cheng Rd., Shinlin District 111, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 2 8866 6181; FAX: 886 2 8866 2703) Solutia Thailand Ltd., 193/11 Lake Rajada Office Complex, 3rd Fl., Ratchadapisek Rd., Klongtoey, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand (Tel: 66 2 264 0940; FAX: 66 2 264 0944) Solvay Solvay S.A, Rue du Prince Albert, 33, 1050 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 509 6111; FAX: 32 2 509 6617; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.solvay.com) Solvay S.A. (France), 25 Rue de Clichy, FFrance Paris Cedex 09, France (Tel: 33 1 40 75 80 00; FAX: 33 1 45 63 57 28) Solvay Interox Ltd., Solvay House, Baronet Road, Warrington, Cheshire, WA4 6HB, UK (Tel: 44 1925 651277; FAX: 44 1925

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 655856; E-mail: [email protected]) Solvay Chimica Italia S.p.A., Via Filippo Turati, 12, 20121 Milano (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 2 290921; FAX: 39 2 6570581) Solvay Pharmaceuticals BV, Nieuweweg 2a, 3901 BE Veenendaal, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 318 545 754; FAX: 31 318 529 374; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.solvayvitamins.nl/) Solvay Chemie B.V., Schepersweg, 1, 6049 CV Herten, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 475 384888; FAX: 31 475 384804) Solvay Portugal, Rua Eng. Clement Dumoulin, 2625-106 Povoa de Santa Iria, Portugal (Tel: 351 219534000; FAX: 351 219534490) Solvay Quimica S.L., Avenida Diagonal, 549, Plantas 3 Y 6, 08029 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 3652600; FAX: 34 93 3219007; Internet: http://www.solvay.com/es) Solvay Vienna GmbH, Staettermayergasse 28-30, 1150 Wien, Austria (Tel: 43 1 716 880; FAX: 43 1 710 24 26; E-mail: [email protected]) Solvay America Inc., Member of Solvay Group, 3333 Richmond Ave., Houston, TX, 77098, USA (Tel: 713-525-6000; FAX: 713525-7887; Internet: http://www.solvayamerica.com) Solvay Advanced Polymers L.L.C., 4500 McGinnis Ferry Rd., Alpharetta, GA, 300053914, USA (Tel: 770-772-8200; 800-6214557; FAX: 770-772-8213; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.solvayadvancedpolymersus.com) Solvay Interox, Member of Solvay Group, 3333 Richmond Ave., Houston, TX, 770983009, USA (Tel: 713-525-6500; 800INTEROX; FAX: 713-524-9032) Solvay Interox Pty Ltd., 20-22 McPherson St., Banksmeadow, Botany, 2019, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9316 8000; FAX: 61 2 9316 6445) Nippon Solvay K.K., Tabata Asuka Tower 16 F, 6-1-1, Tabata, Kita-ku, Tokyo, 114, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5814 0851; FAX: 81 3 5814 0855) Solvay Singapore Pte. Ltd., 11 Biopolis Way, Helios #10-10/11, Singapore, 138667, Singapore (Tel: 65 6438.8886; FAX: 65 6438.8222) Solvay Hong Kong Ltd., Suite 1011, Chinachem Golden Plaza, 77 Mody Rd., Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tsimshatsui East, Kowloon, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 23127113; FAX: 852 23127099; Email: [email protected]) Solvay Solexis S.p.A., Viale Lombardia, 20, 20021 Bollate (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 2 38351; FAX: 39 2 38352110; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.solvaysolexis.com) Solvay Solexis Ltda., Rua Urussui, 300 - 4° andar, Sao Paulo SP, 04542-903, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 3708 5023; FAX: 55 11 3708 5115) Solvay Solexis S.A.S., Avenue de la Republique, 39500 Tavaux, France (Tel: 33 384712000; FAX: 33 384811839) Solvay Solexis, Inc., 10 Leonard Lane, Thorofare, NJ, 08086, USA (Tel: 856-8538119; FAX: 856-853-6405; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.solvaysolexis.com) Solvay Solexis K.K., Izumi Akasaka Bldg., 3rd Fl., 22-24 Akasaka 2-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3224 7226; FAX: 81 3 3224 7218) Solvay Solexis Singapore Pte. Ltd., 8 Cross Street # 24-01, Singapore, 048424, Singapore (Tel: 65-64388886) Solvay Solexis S.p.A., Building 7, No.899, Zu Chong Zhi Road, Zhang Jiang Hi-Tech Park,, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 5080 5080; FAX: 86 21 5080 7925) Somerset Cosmetic Company, LLC PO Box 3372, Renton, WA, 98056, (Tel: 425427-9116; FAX: 425-427-6440; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.makingcosmetics.com/) Sonneborn Sonneborn, Inc., 771 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown,, NY, 10591-6716, (Tel: 914-593-4136; 877-948-2688; FAX: 914593-4137; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sonneborn.com) Sonneborn Refined Products B.V., Spaarndamseweg 466, 2022 EB Haarlem, The Netherlands (Tel: 31.23.525.8001; FAX: 31.23.525.2855) Sonneborn Australia Pty. Ltd., 43 Cambrai Avenue, Engadine, NSW, 2233, Australia (Tel: 61.418.461.951; FAX: 61.2.9548.6673)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Southcot Inc 9513 Coachway, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA (Tel: 919-260-6398; FAX: 919-933-9216; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.carotenestandards.com) Southeastern Clay Co. PO Box 1055, Aiken, SC, 29801, USA (Tel: 803-648-3248; FAX: 803-649-5701; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.southeasternclay.com) Southeastern Minerals, Inc. PO Box 1650, Bainbridge, GA, 31718, USA (Tel: 229-246-3396; FAX: 229-246-7309; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.seminerals.com) Southern Clay Products, Inc. Subsid. of Rockwood Specialties, Inc., 1212 Church St., Gonzales, TX, 78629, USA (Tel: 830-672-2891; 800-324-2891; FAX: 830672-1920; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.scprod.com) Southern Ionics, Inc. PO Drawer 1217, 201 Commerce St., West Point, MS, 39773, USA (Tel: 662-494-3055; FAX: 662-495-2590; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.southernionics.com) Southern Natural Food Additives Kamala Bhavan; 15/337-16 ; Varada Nagar,, GUDUR - 524 101., Nellore (Dist); Andhra Pradesh, 110056, India (Tel: 91-8624222328; FAX: 91-8624 252958; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ctrus.com) Sovereign Chemicals Co. 1225 West Market Street, Akron, OH, 44313, USA (Tel: 330-869-0500; FAX: 330-8690518; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sovchem.net) Sparkford Chemicals Ltd. Sparkford House, 58 The Avenue, Southampton, Hamsphire, SO17 1XS, UK (Tel: 44 23 8228747; FAX: 44 23 8021 0240; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sparkford.co.uk) Specialty Enzymes and Biochemicals Co. 13591 Yorba Ave., Chino, CA, 91710, USA (Tel: 909-613-1660; FAX: 909-613-1663; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Internet: http://www.specialtyenzymes.com) Specialty Minerals Inc. (SMI) Subsid. of Minerals Technologies, Inc., 1 Highland Ave., Bethlehem, PA, 18017, USA (Tel: 610-882-8720; 800-801-1031; FAX: 610-882-8726; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.mineralstech.com) Specialty Products Co. Division of Specialty Rondot, Inc., 30 Montgomery Street, Suite 240, Jersey City, NJ, 07302, USA (Tel: 201-434-4700; FAX: 201-434-6052; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.specialtyproductsco.com) Spectrum Laboratories, Inc. 1460 West McNab Rd., Ft. Lauderdale, FL, 33309, USA (Tel: 954-978-6400; FAX: 954978-2233; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.speclab.com) Spectrum Naturals Inc. 5341 Old Redwood Hwy., Suite 400, Petaluma, CA, 94954, USA (E-mail: ; Internet: http://www.spectrumnaturals.com) Spectrum Quality Products 14422 S. San Pedro St., Gardena, CA, 902482027, USA (Tel: 310-516-8000; 800-813-1514; FAX: 800-525-2299; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.spectrumchemical.com) Spice King Corp. 438 El Camino Dr, Beverly Hills, CA, 902124222, USA (Tel: 310-277-7487) Spicemanns Ltd. 59 Kelvin Ave., Hillington Ind. Estate, Glasgow, G52 4LR, UK (Tel: 44 141 883 4797; FAX: 44 141 810 5242; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.spicemannsltd.co.uk) SPI Pharma SPI Pharma, Part of SPI Holding Co., 321 Cherry Lane, New Castle, DE, 19720-2780, USA (Tel: 302-576-8554; 800-789-9755 x 8554; FAX: 302-576-8567; Internet: http://www.spipharma.com) SPI Pharma Group (France), Chemin du Vallon du Maire, 13240 Septemes-lesVallons, France (Tel: 33 4 91 96 36 13; FAX: 33 4 91 96 36 33; E-mail: [email protected]) 2768

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory SPI Polyols, Inc. Susid. of Associated British Foods (ABF), 321 Cherry Lane, New Castle, DE, 19720-2780, USA (Tel: 302-576-8600; 800-789-9755 x 8600; FAX: 302-576-8569; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.spipolyols.com) SQM North America SQM, 3101 Towercreek Parkway, Suite 450, Atlanta, GA, 30339, USA (Tel: 770-9169400; 800-667-8528; FAX: 770-916-9401; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sqm.com) SRS Aromatics Ltd Unit 2C, Woolpit Business Park, Woolpit, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, IP30 9UP, UK (Tel: 44 1359 244760; FAX: 44 1359 244247; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.srsaromatics.com) S & S Chemical Co., Inc. 188 Main St., PO Box 659, Northport, NY, 11768, USA (Tel: 631-261-5920; FAX: 631261-5934; E-mail: [email protected]) Stanson Corp. 2 Hackensack Ave., Kearny, NJ, 07032-5611, USA (Tel: 973-344-8666; FAX: 973-3448505; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.stanson.com) Starwest Botanicals, Inc. 11253 Trade Center Dr., Rancho Cordova, CA, 95742, USA (Tel: 916-638-8100; FAX: 916638-8293; Internet: http://www.starwestherb.com) Stason Pharmaceuticals Inc. 11 Morgan, Irvine, CA, 92618-2005, USA (Tel: 949-380-4327; FAX: 949-380-4345; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.stason.com/) Stauber Performance Ingredients, Inc. 4120 N. Palm St., Fullerton, CA, 92835, USA (Tel: 714-441-3900; FAX: 714-441-3909; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.stauberusa.com) Stepan Stepan Co., 22 West Frontage Rd., Northfield, IL, 60093, USA (Tel: 847-446-7500; 800745-7837; FAX: 847-501-2100; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.stepan.com) Stepan Mexico, S.A. de C.V., Reforma 4031004, Mexico, D.F., 06500, Mexico (Tel: 52 5 533 1697; FAX: 52 5 514 5448) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Stepan Quimica Ltda., Rua Pelotas, 465 Vila Mariana, 04012-001 Sao Paulo, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 5089-2200; FAX: 55 11 5539-4587) Stepan Colombiana de Quimicos, S. A., Cra 9A No. 97A-53 Piso 6, Edificio Siracusa, Bogota, D.C., Colombia (Tel: 57 6-8720 122; FAX: 557-6-8720 332; E-mail: [email protected]) Stepan Europe, Chemin Jongkind, BP 127, F38340 Voreppe (Grenoble), France (Tel: 33 4 76 50 51 00; FAX: 33 4 76 56 71 65; Email: [email protected]) Stepan Philippines, Inc. (J.V.), 7th Fl, NOL Tower, Commerce Ave., Madrigal Business Park, Ayala Alabang, Muntinlupa City, Philippines (Tel: 632 842 9751; FAX: 632 842 1236) Sterling Chemicals, Inc. 333 Clay Street, Suite 3600, Houston, TX, 77002-4109, USA (Tel: 713-650-3700; FAX: 713-654-9551; Internet: http://www.sterlingchemicals.com) Stevenson Cooper, Inc. PO Box 46345, 1039 West Venango St., Philadelphia, PA, 19160, USA (Tel: 215223-2600; 888-420-1663; FAX: 215-2233597; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.stevensoncooper.com) St. Lawrence Chemicals St. Lawrence Chemicals, 19201 Av. Clark Graham, Baie D'Urfe, Quebec, H9X 3P5, Canada (Tel: 514-457-3628; FAX: 514-4579773; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.stlawrencechem.com) St. Lawrence Chemicals, 35 Vulcan St., Rexdale, Ontario, M9W 1L3, Canada (Tel: 416-243-9615; FAX: 416-243-9731) Stoppani Luigi Stoppani S.p.A., Corso Magenta, 85 20123 Milano, Italy (Tel: 39 024676161; FAX: 39 024818796; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.stoppani.it) Stoppani do Brasil Ltda., R. Aluizio de Melo, Teixeira, 378, Vila Olimpico, 38065-290, Uberaba - MG, 01418, Brazil (Tel: 55 34 3336-9003; E-mail: [email protected]) Storchem Inc. 3425 Harvester Rd., Unit #213, Burlington, Ontario, L7N 3N1, Canada (Tel: 905-6399700; FAX: 905-639-5244; E-mail: 2769

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.storchem.com) Strahl & Pitsch, Inc. 230 Great E. Neck Rd., West Babylon, NY, 11704, USA (Tel: 631-587-9000; FAX: 631587-9120; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.strahlpitsch.com) Strem Chemicals, Inc. 7 Mulliken Way, Newburyport, MA, 019504098, USA (Tel: 978-499-1600; 800-6478736; FAX: 978-465-3104; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.strem.com) Strohmeyer and Arpe Co., Inc. 106 Allen Road, Basking Ridge, NJ, 07920, USA (Tel: 908-580-9100; FAX: 908-5809300; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.strohmeyer.com) Struktol Struktol Co., 201 E. Steels Corner Rd., PO Box 1649, Stow, OH, 44224-0649, USA (Tel: 330-928-5188; 800-327-8649; FAX: 330-928-8726; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.struktol.com/) Struktol Canada, Ltd., 60 Venture Dr., Unit 21-23, Scarborough, Ontario, M1B 3S4, Canada (Tel: 416-286-4040; FAX: 416-2864043; E-mail: [email protected]) Stryka Botanics Co., Inc. 239 Homestead Rd., Hillsborough, NJ, 08844, USA (Tel: 908-281-5577; FAX: 908-2815392; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.stryka.com) Süd-Chemie Süd-Chemie AG, Lenbachplatz 6, 80333 München, Germany (Tel: 49 89 5110 0; FAX: 49 89 5110 375; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sudchemie.com) Süd-Chemie Catalysts Italia S.r.l., Via Fauser 36/B, 28100 Novara, Italy (Tel: 39 0321 676-700; FAX: 39 0321 676-790) Süd-Chemie Inc., PO Box 32370, Louisville, KY, 40232, USA (Tel: 502-634-7200; FAX: 502-637-3732; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sudchemieinc.com) Sumitomo Chemical Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 5-33, Kitahama 4-chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 5418550, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6220 3891; FAX: 81 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

6 6220 3345; Internet: http://www.sumitomo-chem.co.jp) Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd./Specialty Chemicals Div., Tokyo Sumitomo Twin Bldg., Eastkan, 2-27-1, Shinkawa, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5543 5152; FAX: 81 3 5543 5901) Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. 2-6-8 Doshomachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 5410045, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6203-5321; Internet: http://www.ds-pharma.co.jp) Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd., The Sumitomo Bldg., 4-5-33 Kitahama, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-0041, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6220 8508; FAX: 81 6 6220 8541; Internet: http://www.sumitomoseika.co.jp) Sumitomo Seika Chemicals (US), 335 Madison Ave., Suite 830, New York, NY, 10017, USA (Tel: 212-572-8227; FAX: 212421-1179) SunBio USA 57 Claremont Avenue, Orinda, CA, 94563, USA (Tel: 925-253-9492; FAX: 925-2548279; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sunbio.com) Sunnyside Corp. 225 Carpenter Ave., Wheeling, IL, 60090, USA (Tel: 847-541-5700; 800-323-8611; FAX: 847-541-9043; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sunnysidecorp.com/) Sunoco Chemicals Business Unit of Sun Company, Inc., Ten Penn Center, 1801 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19103-1699, USA (Tel: 215-977-3321; 877-481-7840; FAX: 215977-3470; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sunocochem.com) Suny Chem International Co., Ltd. E-F, 6th Floor, No. 155 Shengli Rd., Yantai, 264000, P.R. China (Tel: 86 535 662 2355; FAX: 86 535 622 8696; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sunychem.com) Supelco Inc. Supelco Park, Bellefonte, PA, 16823, USA (Tel: 814-359-3441; 800-247-6628; FAX: 814-359-3044; 800-447-3044; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sigma-aldrich.com)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Surfachem Ltd. Div. of Surfachem Group plc, 100 Wellington Street, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS1 4LT, UK (Tel: 44 0 113 394 9200; FAX: 44 0 113 244 5910; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.surfachem.com) Surpass Chemical Co. PO Box 4165, 1254 Broadway, Albany, NY, 12204, USA (Tel: 518-434-8101; 800-2898101; FAX: 518-434-2798; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.surpasschemical.com) Sweeteners Plus Inc. 5768 Sweetners Blvd, PO Box 520, Lakeville, NY, 14480, USA (Tel: 585-346-2318; FAX: 585-346-2310; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sweetenersplus.com) Symrise Symrise Gbmh & Co. KG, Mühlenfeldstraße 1, P.O. Box 1253, 37603 Holzminden, Germany (Tel: 49 5531 900; FAX: 49 5531 901649; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.symrise.com/) Symrise Ltd., Fieldhouse Lane, Marlow Bucks, SL7 1TB, UK (Tel: 44-1628-646017; FAX: 44-1635-646016) Symrise GmbH, Postfach 145, Mellergasse 4, 1235 Wien, Austria (Tel: 43 1 86682 0; FAX: 43 1 8691225) Symrise S.A., 13, Rue Jean Jaurès, 92807 Puteaux, France (Tel: 33 1 49065500; FAX: 33 1 49068150) Symrise B.V., Stationsplein 3c, 5241 GN Rosmalen, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 73 5235151; FAX: 31 73 5218443) Symrise Iberica S.L., Apartado de Correos 48, Ctra. C-17 Km. 15, Polígono Industrial Can Volart, 08150 Parets de Valles, Spain (Tel: 34 93 5735700; FAX: 34 93 5735701) Symrise S.r.l., Via Ludovico di Breme, 13, 20156 Milano, Italy (Tel: 39 02 3809811; FAX: 39 02 38098143) Symrise S.A., Route des Iles 88, CH-1897 Le Bouveret, Switzerland (Tel: 41 24 482 4000; FAX: 41 24 482 5000) Symrise SAE, Block 91 A, Industrial Zone 1, 6th of October City, Egypt (Tel: 20-28331302; FAX: 20-2-8336273) Symrise Ltd., Unit 802,8/F, Futura Plaza, 111113 How Ming Street, Kwun Tong, Kolwoon,

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2 854 4173; FAX: 852 2 542 0792) Symrise Ltd., Cambridge Gangnam Building 17th Floor, 825-18, Yeoksam-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-934, South Korea (Tel: 82-2-561 3927; FAX: 82-2-561 6527) Symrise Ltd., 30-38 Long Qiao Road, Jin Qiao Export Processing Zone, Pu Dong New District, Shanghai, 201206, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 58996218; FAX: 86 21 58998082) Symrise Inc., 300 North Street, Teterboro, NJ, 07608, USA (Tel: 201-288-3200; FAX: 201462-2200; Internet: http://www.symrise.com) Symrise K.K., Shin-Osaka MT Bldg., 3-32-3 Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0014, Japan (Tel: 81-3-3798-4261; FAX: 81-3-37984218) Symrise Private Ltd., 140, Old Mahabalipuram Road, Semmancheri, Chennai, 600 119, India (Tel: 91 44 2450 1739; FAX: 91 44 2450 1737) Symrise Aromas e Fragrâncias Ltda., Rua Alexandre de Gusmao 568, Socorro, CEP 04760-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 56946000; FAX: 55 11 55235229) Symrise Ltd., 17th Floor, Q. House Sathorn Building, 11 South Sathorn Road, Tungmahamek, Sathorn, Bangkok, 10120, Thailand (Tel: 66 2 679 1966; FAX: 66 2 679 1967) Symrise C.A., Av. Casanova entre calles Villaflor y Union, Torre Banco Plaza, piso 9, Ofic. 9C, Sabana Grande, Caracas, 1050, Venezuela (Tel: 58-212-761 9181; FAX: 58212-761 0732) Symrise Sdn. Bhd., 2-3, Level 2, Block B, Peremba Square, Saujana Resort, Seksyen U2, 40150, Shah Alam, Selengor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia (Tel: 603 7843 0030; FAX: 603 7843 0031) P.T. Symrise, Menara Bidakara 20th Fl., Jl. Jend. Gatot Subroto Kav. 71-73, Pancoran Jakarta 12870, Indonesia (Tel: 62-21-8379 3001; FAX: 62-21-8379 3002-3003) Symrise Inc., 18/F Taipan Place, F. Ortigas Jr. Road, Pasig City, 1605, Philippines (Tel: 63-2-6345961; FAX: 63-2-6312365) Symrise S. de R.L. de C.V., Calz, Union No. 7, Compl. Industrial Cuamatla, CuautitlanIzcalli, 54730 Edo. de Mexico, Mexico (Tel: 52 55 58641200; FAX: 52 55 58641201) 2771

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Symrise S.A., Lira 2338, Comuna San Joaquin, Casilla 870, Chile (Tel: 56 2 5442422; FAX: 56 2 5565648) Symrise Pte. Ltd., 226 Pandan Loop, Singapore, 128412, Singapore (Tel: 65 6779 4551; FAX: 65-6779 5843) Symrise S.A., Lira 2338, Comuna San Joaquin, Casilla 870, Santiago de Chile, Chile (Tel: 56-2-5442422; FAX: 56-25565648) Symrise S.R.L., Valparaiso 4125, B 1667 BBQ Tortuguitas, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Tel: 54 3327 459508; FAX: 54 3327 454650) Symrise LTDA., Carrera 58, No. 10 - 80, Bogotá, Colombia (Tel: 57-1-4252200; FAX: 57-1-4252210) Symrise Holding Pte. Ltd., (Taiwan Branch), 8 FL. No. 237 Sung Chiang Road,, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. (Tel: 886-2-25087229; FAX: 886-2-25160540) Symrise (Pty.) Ltd., 27 Wrench Road, 1601 Isando, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 11 9215600; FAX: 27 11 9215453) Symrise Kimya San. Tic. Ltd. Sti., Atatürk Cad. No. 82, Sitki bey Plaza D16, Kozyatagi/Istanbul, Turkey (Tel: 90-216-477 71 90; FAX: 90-216-355 13 32) Synasia, Inc. 240 Amboy Ave, Metuchen, NJ, 08840, USA (Tel: 732-205-9880; FAX: 732-205-1788; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.synasia.com) Synthite Ltd. Div. of Tennant Group, Alyn Works, Denbigh Rd, Mold, Flintshire, CH7 1B7, Wales UK (Tel: 44 1352 752521; FAX: 44 1352 700182; Internet: http://www.synthite.co.uk) Syral SAS Z.I. et Portuaire, 67390 Marckolsheim, France (Tel: 33 3 88 58 60 60; FAX: 33 3 88 58 60 61; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.syral.com/) Taiwan K.K. Taiwan K.K. Corp., Fl. 5, No. 14, Lane 235, Pao Chiao Rd., Hsin Tien, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 2 2918 5336; FAX: 886 2 2913 3188; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.taiwankk.com.tw/) American Kanox Corp., Subsid. of Taiwan K.K. Corp., 735 w Duarte Rd., #304, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Arcadia, CA, 91007, USA (Tel: 626-4462328; FAX: 626-446-1928; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.americankanox.com) Taiwan Surfactant Corp. 8 Fl., No. 11, Sec. 1, Chung Shan North Rd., Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (Tel: 886 2 2541 0022; FAX: 886 2 2542 3773; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.taiwansurfactant.com.tw/) Takasago International Takasago International Corp., Nissay Aroma Square, 17/F, 5-37-1, Kamata, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 144-8721, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5744 0511; FAX: 81 3 5744 0512; Internet: http://www.takasago.com) Takasago International Corp., 4 Volvo Dr., Rockleigh, NJ, 07647-0932, USA (Tel: 201767-9001; FAX: 201-784-7277; Internet: http://www.takasago.com/) Takasago Ltd., Ground Floor Scammell House, 9 Ascot High St., Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7JF, UK (Tel: 44-1344-874-193; FAX: 44-1344-873-724) Takasago International (Deutschland) GmbH, Inselstrasse 29, 40479 Dusseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 4976 6660; FAX: 49 211 4976 6666) Takasago International (Australia) Pte. Ltd., Level 5, 815 Pacific Hwy., Chatswood, NSW, 2067, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9413-1660; FAX: 61 2 9413-1620) Takasago Brazil, Rodovia Anhanguera, Km 33 – Travessa Osasco, 300 Parque Empresarial Anhaguera – Empresarial I, 07760-000 – Cajamar – SP, Brazil (Tel: 5511-4446-6000; FAX: 55-11-4446-6611) Takasago Mexico, 16 de Septiembre No. 98, Col. Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo de Mexico, 54075, Mexico (Tel: 52-55-53900877; FAX: 52-55-5390-1018) Takasago China, 516 Xiang Yang South Rd., Shanghai, 200031, P.R.C. (Tel: 86-21-64374490; FAX: 86-21-6433-1627) Takasago International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., 215 Pandan Loop, Singapore, 128406, Singapore (Tel: 65-6779-1077; FAX: 656777-5000) Takasago Taiwan, 12th Floor, No. 22 Nanking West, Tapei, Taiwan, R.O.C. (Tel: 886-25558-0935; FAX: 886-2-2555-0592) Takasago International (India) Pvt. Ltd., D113 Floral Deck Plaza, Off Midc Central 2772

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Road, Andheri Ease, Mumbai, 400093, India (Tel: 91-22-831-1061; FAX: 91-22-8311060) Takasago Europe Perfumery Laboratory S.A.R.L., 12, Rue Torricelli, Paris, 75017, France (Tel: 33-1-40-54-65-00; FAX: 33-140-54-65-49) Takasago International (Italia) S.R.L., Piazza Vi Febbraio, 2, 20145 Milano, Italy (Tel: 3902-4392911; FAX: 39-02-43319218) Takasago International (Espania) S.R.L., Rambla de Catalunya, 91-93. 7-3A, 08008 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34-93-487-7444; FAX: 34-93-487-6513) Takasago (Schweiz) AG, Hotzestrasse 33, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland (Tel: 41 (1) 3 50 11 77; FAX: 41 (1) 3 50 11 78) Takeda Takeda UK Ltd., Takeda House, Mercury Park, Wycombe Lane, Wooburn Green, High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, HP10 0HH, UK (Tel: 44 1628 637 900; FAX: 44 1628 526 615; Internet: http://www.takeda.co.uk/) Takeda Italia Farmaceutici S.p.A., Via Elio Vittorini 129, 00144 Rome, Italy (Tel: 39 06 502601; FAX: 39 06 5011709; Internet: http://www.takeda.it/) Takeda Pharma GmbH, Viktoriaallee 3-5, 52066 Aachen, Germany (Tel: 49 241 941 0; FAX: 49 241 941 1120; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.takeda.de/) Tamms Industries Co. 3835 State Route 72, Kirkland, IL, 60146, USA (Tel: 815-522-3394; 800-862-2667; FAX: 815-522-2323; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tamms.com) Tanabe Seiyaku Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd., 3-2-10, Doshomachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8505, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6205 5555; FAX: 81 6 6205 5262; Internet: http://www.tanabe.co.jp/english) Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd./London Office, CP House, 97-107 Uxbridge Rd., Ealing, London, W5 5TL, UK (Tel: 44 208 566 0356; FAX: 44 208 566 0376; Internet: http://www.tanabe.co.jp/english) Tanabe Holding America, Inc., 401 Hackensack Ave., 10th Fl., Hackensack, NJ, 07601, USA (Tel: 201-342-6233; FAX: 201342-6866; Internet: http://www.tanabe.co.jp/english) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Tanabe USA, Inc., 7930 Convoy Court, San Diego, CA, 92111, USA (Tel: 858-571-8410; 800-7-TANABE; FAX: 858-571-3476; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tanabeusa.com) Tanabe Europe NV, Excelsiorlaan 83, 1930 Zaventem, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 725 5100; FAX: 32 2 725 5757) Taoka Chemical Co., Ltd. 4-2-11 Nishi-mikun, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 532-0006, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6394 1221; FAX: 81 6 6394 1658; Internet: http://www.taoka-chem.co.jp) TasteTech Ltd. Wilverley Industrial Estate, 813/815 Bath Rd., Brislington, Bristol, BS4 5NL, UK (Tel: 44 117 971 2719; FAX: 44 117 972 0052; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tastetech.co.uk) Tate & Lyle Tate & Lyle UK, Denison Rd., North Yorkshire, Y08 8EF, UK (Tel: 44 1757294406; FAX: 44 1757 701468; Internet: http://www.tateandlyle.com) Tate & Lyle North America, Subsid. of Tate & Lyle PLC, 2200 E. Eldorado St., Decatur, IL, 62525, USA (Tel: 800-348-7414; FAX: 217421-2881; Internet: http://www.tlna.com) Tateyama Kasei Co., Ltd. 1133, Ougo, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0302, Japan (Tel: 81-766-55-3700; FAX: 81-766-555054; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tateyamakasei.com) F.H. Taussig, Inc. 111 Brook St., Scarsdale, NY, 10583-5192, USA (Tel: 914-472-6464; FAX: 914-4721846; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://fhtaussig.net/) Taylor Chemical Co., Inc. Amber Chemical, PO Box 768, Lawrenceville, GA, 30246, USA (Tel: 770-339-4460; 800822-4460; FAX: 770-339-4464; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.taylorchemical.com/) TCI America U.S. Subsid. of Tokyo Kasei Kogyo, 9211 North Harborgate St., Portland, OR, 97203, USA (Tel: 503-283-1681; 800-423-8616; FAX: 503-283-1987; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tciamerica.com) 2773

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory TCR Industries Inc. 26 Centerpointe Dr., La Palma, CA, 90623, USA (Tel: 714-521-5222; FAX: 714-5211636; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tcrindustries.com) Technichem Inc. 5 West Park Ave., Merchantville, NJ, 08109, USA (Tel: 856-486-0060; FAX: 856-4860490; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.arrowtechnichem.com) Technodrugs & Intermediates Pvt. Ltd. 11/II B, Ganshyam, Industrial Estate, Off Veera; Desai Rd, Behind Fun Republic, Andheri (W), Mumbai, 400053, India (Tel: 91 22 2674 3405; FAX: 91 22 2674 0695; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.technodrugs.com) Tekchem, S.A. de C.V. Ave. Jalisco 180-3, Col. Tacubaya, Delegacion Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico D.F., 11870, Mexico (Tel: 52 5 272 2221; FAX: 52 5 272 2950; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tekchem.com.mx) TeleChem International, Inc. 524 E. Weddell Dr., Sunnyvale, CA, 94089, USA (Tel: 408-744-1331; FAX: 408-7441711; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.arrayit.com) Tennants Distribution Limited Hazelbottom Road, Cheetham, Manchester, M8 0GR, UK (Tel: 44 161 205 4454; FAX: 44 161 203 4298; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tennantsdistribution.com) Terra International Terra International Inc., 600 Fourth St., PO Box 6000, Sioux City, IA, 51101, USA (Tel: 712-277-1340; 800-831-1002; FAX: 712233-3648; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.terraindustries.com) Terra Nitrogen (UK) Limited, Florence House, Radcliffe Crescent, Thornaby, Stockton-on-Tees, TS17 6BS, UK (Tel: 44 1642 637 000; FAX: 44 1642 637 104; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.terranitrogen.co.uk)

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Terry Laboratories, Inc. 390 N. Wickham Rd., Suite F, Melbourne, FL, 32935-8647, USA (Tel: 321-259-1630; 800367-2563; FAX: 321-242-0625; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.terrylabs.com) Tessenderlo Tessenderlo Chemie, Troonstraat 130, Rue du Trône 130, 1050 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 639 18 11; FAX: 32 2 639 1702; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tessenderlo.com) Tessenderlo Kerley, Inc., 2255 North 44th St., Suite 300, Phoenix, AZ, 85008-3279, USA (Tel: 602-889-8300; 800-669-0559; FAX: 602-889-8430; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tkinet.com/) Tetra Chemicals A Div. of TETRA Technologies Inc., 25025 I-45 North, Suite 600, The Woodlands, TX, 77380, USA (Tel: 281-367-1983; 800-3277817; FAX: 281-367-6471; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tetrachemicals.com) Texas Petrochemicals LP 5151 San Felipe, Suite 800, Houston, TX, 77056, USA (Tel: 713-627-7474; FAX: 713626-3650; Internet: http://www.txpetrochem.com) Thatcher Co. 1905 Fortune Rd., PO Box 27407, Salt Lake City, UT, 84127, USA (Tel: 801-972-4587; 800-348--0034; FAX: 801-972-4606; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.thatchercompany.com) The International Group The International Group, Inc., 85 Old Eagle School Road, P.O. Box 384, Wayne, PA, 19087, USA (Tel: 610-687-9030; 610-2548548; Internet: http://www.igiwax.com) The International Group, Inc., 50 Salome Drive, Agincourt, ONT, M1S 2A8, Canada (Tel: 416-293-4151; 416-293-0344; Internet: http://www.igiwax.com) IGI Europe, S.A. Avenue Louise/Louizalaan 349 B4, 1050 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 644 0060; FAX: 32 2 647 7585) Thew Arnott & Co. Ltd. Newman Works, 270 London Rd., Wallington, Surrey, SM6 7DJ, UK (Tel: 44 20 8669 2774

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 3131; FAX: 44 20 8669 7747; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.thewarnott.co.uk) Thiele Kaolin Co. PO Box 1056, 520 Kaolin Rd, Sandersville, GA, 31082, USA (Tel: 478-552-3951; FAX: 478-552-4131; Internet: http://www.thielekaolin.com/) Thirumalai Chemicals Ltd. 101, Sion-Matunga Estate Scheme No. 6, Mumbai, 400 022, India (Tel: 91 22 24017834; FAX: 91 22 24011699; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.thirumalaichemicals.com) P.L. Thomas & Co., Inc. 119 Headquarters Plaza, Morristown, NJ, 07960, USA (Tel: 973-984-0900; FAX: 973984-5666; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.plthomas.com) Thomas Scientific 99 High Hill Rd., PO Box 99, Swedesboro, NJ, 08085, USA (Tel: 856-467-2000; 800-3452100; FAX: 856-467-3087; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.thomassci.com) Thornley Company Inc. 1 Innovation Way, Newark, DE, 19711, USA (Tel: 302-993-8300; FAX: 302-993-8308; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.thornleycompany.com/) 3M 3M, 3M Center, St. Paul, MN, 55144-1000, USA (Tel: 888-364-3577; Internet: http://www.3m.com) 3M Co./Pharmaceuticals Div., 3M Center, Bldg 275-3W-01, St Paul, MN, 55144-1000, USA (Tel: 651-736-4930; FAX: 651-7368930; Internet: http://www.3m.com/pharma) 3M Puerto Rico, Inc., 350 Carlos Chardon Ave., 11th. Floor, San Juan, PR, 009182152, USA (Tel: 787-620-3000; FAX: 787620-4612) 3M Canada Head Office, 300 Tartan Dr., London, Ontario, N5V 4M9, Canada (Tel: 519/452-6191; 800-265-1840; FAX: 800479-4453) 3M Mexico S.A. de C.V., Avenida Santa Fe #55, Col. Sante Fe, Delegacion Alvaro Obregon, Mexico D.F., 01210, Mexico (Tel: (52-55-52-70-04-00; FAX: 52-55-52-70-2277) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

3M Manufacturera Venezuela, S.A., Final Av. Tamanaco con Sorocaima, Centro Empresarial El Rosal, Piso 6, El Rosal, Caracas, DF 1010-A, Venezuela (Tel: 58 0212 957 8114; FAX: 58 0212 957 8111; Email: http://www.3m.com.ve) 3M Chile, S.A., Santa Isabel 1001 Providencia, Santiago, 6641431, Chile (Tel: 56 6003003636; FAX: 56 24103300; Internet: http://www.3m.com/cl) 3M United Kingdom plc, 3M Centre, Cain Road, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG12 8HT, UK (Tel: 44 8705 360036; Internet: http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en _GB/WW/Country/) 3M Deutschland GmbH, Carl-Schurz-Strasse 1, 41453 Neuss, Germany (Tel: 49-2131/140; FAX: 49-2131-14-2649; Internet: http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/de _DE/EU/Country/Corp/Contact-3M/) 3M Belgium NV/SA, Hermeslaan 7, 1831 Diegem, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 722 5111; FAX: 32 2 720 0225) 3M Belgium NV/Specialty Materials, Haven 1005, Canadastraat 11, B-2070 Zwijndrecht, Belgium (Tel: 32 3-250-7874) 3M Nederland BV, Industrieweg 24, 2382 NW Zoeterwoude, The Netherlands (Tel: 31-71545-337; FAX: 31-71-545-337; Internet: http://www.mmm.com/nl) 3M España SA, Juan Ignacio Luca de Tena, 19-25, 28027 Madrid, Spain (Tel: 34 913 216 000; FAX: 34 913 216 002; Internet: http://www.3M.com/es) 3M France, Blvd de l'Oise, 95006 CergyPontoise Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 30 31 61 61; FAX: 33 1 30 31 74 26; Internet: http://www.3m.fr) 3M Italia S.p.a., Via San Bovio 3 - Loc. San Felice, 20090 Segrate (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 02 70351; FAX: 39 02 70353090) 3M South Africa (Pty) Ltd., 146A Kelvin Drive, Woodmead, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2196, Rep. of S. Africa (Tel: 27 11 8062000; FAX: 27 11 806-2239; Internet: http://www.3m.com/intl/za/) Birla 3M Ltd., Jubilee Bldg., 45 Museum Rd., Bangalore, 560 025, India (Tel: 91 80 558 8881; FAX: 91-80-5585612) 3M Australia, 950 Pacific Hwy., PO Box 99, Pymble, NSW, 2073, Australia (Tel: 61 2 9498 9339; FAX: 61 2 9498 9623)

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Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 3M Health Care Ltd., 33-1, Tamagawadai, 2Chrome, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-8583, Japan (Tel: 81-3-3709-8250; FAX: 81 3 3709 8754) 3M China Ltd., 13/F.T.P. Plaza 9/109, Liu Hua Road, Guangzhou, 510010, P.R. China (Tel: 86-20-8669-5259 ext. 2150; FAX: 86-208669-5051) 3M Hong Kong Ltd., Victoria Centre, 5th Fl., 15 Watson Rd., North Point, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2806 6111, ext 276/362; FAX: 852 2807 1308) 3V 3V UK Ltd., 1st Fl., A Wing, South Court, Sharston Rd., Sharston, Manchester, M22 4SN, UK (Tel: 44 0161 998 1991; FAX: 44 0161 998 1997; E-mail: [email protected]) 3V Deutschland GmbH, Siemensstrasse, 3/1, D-71263 Wiel der Stadt, Germany (Tel: 49 7033 305 10; FAX: 49 7033305179; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.3v.com) 3V France SA, 60 Rue de la Chaussee D'Antin, 75009 Paris, France (Tel: 33 1 40 827272; FAX: 33 1 40 82 90 28; E-mail: [email protected]) 3V Iberia S.A., C/ Sicilia, 406, 08025 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 934 099 210; FAX: 34 934 099 205; E-mail: [email protected]) 3V International, Lugano, Via San Gottardo, 10, CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland (Tel: 41 91 912 52 10; FAX: 41 91 912 52 12) 3V Inc., 13925 Ballantyne Corporate Place, Suite 220, Charlotte, NC, 07087, USA (Tel: 704-887-3800; 800-441-5156; FAX: 704887-3835; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.3v.com) Thymly Products Inc. 1332 Colora Rd., PO Box 65, Colora, MD, 21917, USA (Tel: 410-658-4820; FAX: 410658-4824; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.thymlyproducts.com/) Tiarco Chemicals Tiarco Chemicals, Div. of Textile Rubber & Chemical Co., 1300 Tiarco Dr., Dalton, GA, 30720, USA (Tel: 706-270-5959; 877-2842726; FAX: 706-277-9039; E-mail: [email protected];

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.tiarco.com/) Tiarco Chemical Europe GmbH, Guntherstrasse 56, D-90461 Nürnberg, Germany (Tel: 49 911 492001; FAX: 49 911 492044; E-mail: [email protected]) Tiarco Chemical Malaysia, Sdn. Bhd., 31200 Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia (Tel: 605 291 7091; FAX: 605 291 7094; E-mail: [email protected]) TIC Gums, Inc. 4609 Richlynn Dr., PO Box 369, Belcamp, MD, 21017-0369, USA (Tel: 410-273-7300; 800221-3953; FAX: 410-273-6469; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ticgums.com) Ticona Ticona GmbH, A Business of Celanese AG, Professor-Staudinger-Straße, 65451 Kelsterbach, Germany (Tel: 49 180 - 584 2662; FAX: 180 - 202 1202; E-mail: [email protected]) Ticona Austria GmbH, Altmannsdorfer Strasse 104, 1121 Vienna, Austria (Tel: 43 1 8 01 01 23 60; FAX: 43 1 8 01 01 28 80) Ticona Benelux N.V., Avenue LouiseLouisalaan 200 - PB 132, B-1060 Bruxelles, Belgium (Tel: 32 25 42 06 97; FAX: 32 25 42 06 98) Ticona Benelux N.V., Daalwijkdreef 25, 1103 AD Amsterdam-Zuidoost, 1100 AV Amsterdam-Zuidoost, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 20 39 80 160; FAX: 31 20 39 80 165; Internet: http://www.ticona.nl) Ticona Norden Danmark A/S, Naverland 8, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark (Tel: 45-43 27 12 12; FAX: 45-43 27 12 13; E-mail: [email protected]) Ticona Norden Finland Oy, Kalliotie 2, SF043600 Tuusula, Finland (Tel: 46 - 31 - 67 86 10; Internet: http://www.ticonanorden.com) Ticona Norden Sverige AB, Box 5415, S40229 Göteborg, Sweden (Tel: 46 31 67 86 01; FAX: 46 31 67 86 10; Internet: http://www.ticona-norden.com) Ticona France S.a.r.l., 6 Rue Jean Jaures, F92807 Puteaux Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 49 06 26 26; FAX: 33 1 49 06 26 27; Internet: http://www.ticona.fr) Ticona Italia S.r.L., Piazza S. Türr, 5, I-20149 Milan, Italy (Tel: 39 02 34 54 91 34; FAX: 39

2776

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 02 3 31 13 05; E-mail: [email protected]) Ticona Iberia S.L., Via Augsuta, 252-260, Apartado de correos, 490, 08017 Barcelona, Spain (Tel: 34 93 3 06 81 93; FAX: 34 93 3 06 82 71; Internet: http://www.ticona.es) Ticona LLC, 8040 Dixie Highway, Florence, KY, 41042, USA (Tel: 859-372-3244; 800833-4882; FAX: 859-372-3125; Internet: http://www.ticona.com) Tiger Chemical Co. 79 Munster Terrace, North Melbourne, Victoria, 3051, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9328 3099; FAX: 61 3 9328 3813; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tigerchem.com/) Tilley Chemical Co. 501 Chesapeake Pk. Plaza, Baltimore, MD, 21220-4203, USA (Tel: 410-574-4500; 800638-6968; FAX: 410-391-6665; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tilleychem.com) Titan Kogyo K.K. 1978-25, Oaza-Kogushi, Ube-shi, Yamaguchi, 755, Japan (Tel: 81 836 31 4155; FAX: 81 836 31 5148) TKB Trading, LLC 356 24th St., Oakland, CA, 94612, (Tel: 510451-9011; FAX: 510-451-9044; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wholesalecolors.com) Tocris Bioscience Tocris House, Hung Road, Avonmouth, BS11 9XJ, UK (Tel: 44 117 916 3333; FAX: 44 117 916 3344; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tocris.com) Toho Zinc Co., Ltd. 1-6-1, Nihonbashi Hon-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8437, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3272 5611; FAX: 81 3 3271 0070; Internet: http://www.toho-zinc.co.jp) Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. Shindai Building 3F, 1-2-6 Dojimahama, Kitaku,, Osaka, 530-0, Japan (Tel: 81-6-63466709; FAX: 81-6-6346-6715; Internet: http://www.tokyokasei.co.jp) Tomen America Inc./Kawaguchi Subsid. of Tomen Corp., 1285 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY, 10019, USA (Tel: 212-397-4600; 800-781-0037; FAX: 212582-2007; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.tomenamerica.com) Tomita Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 85-1, Maruyama Akinokami, Seto-cho, Narutoshi, Tokushima, 771-0360, Japan (Tel: 81 886 88 0511; FAX: 81 886 88 0565; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tomitaph.co.jp) Tomiyama Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. Kyodo Bldg. (Honcho), 1-2-6, NihonbashiHoncho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0023, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3242 5141; FAX: 81 3 3242 3166; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tomypure.co.jp) TOR Minerals International 722 Burleson Street, Corpus Christi, TX, 78403-2544, USA (Tel: 361-883-5591; FAX: 361-883-7619; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.torminerals.com) Toronto Research Chemicals, Inc. (TRC) 2 Brisbane Rd, North York, ON, M3J 2J8, Canada (Tel: 416-665-9696; 800-727-9240; FAX: 416-665-4439; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.trccanada.com) Tosoh Tosoh Corp., Shiba-koen First Bldg., 3-8-2, Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8623, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5427 5118; FAX: 81 3 5427 5198; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tosoh.co.jp) Tosoh Europe B.V., Crown Bldg.-South, Hullenbergweg 359, 1101 CP Amsterdam Z.O., The Netherlands (Tel: 31 20 565 0010; FAX: 31 20 691 5458; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tosoh-europe.com) Total S.A. Atofina UK Ltd., Div. of Arkema, 6270 Bishop's Court,, Solihull Parkway, Birmingham Business Park, Birmingham, B37 7YB, UK (Tel: 44 121 329 1300; FAX: 44 121 329 1367; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www1.arkemagroup.com/uk/gb/f_el f_2.cfm) Atofina Deutschland GmbH, Div. of Arkema, Tersteegenstraße 28, 28 D-40474, Düsseldorf, Germany (Tel: 49 211 4552 0; FAX: 49 211 50 66 78 0) Atofina Italia S.r.l., Via Degli Artigianelli, 10, 20159 Milan (MI), Italy (Tel: 39 2 668111; 2777

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory FAX: 39 2 66803607; Internet: http://www1.arkemagroup.com/italie/it/f_ elf_2.cfm) Atofina A/S, Herlev Hovedgade 195, 2730 Herlev, Denmark (Tel: 45 44 50 3939; FAX: 45 44 50 3941) Total Petrochemicals, Inc., Total S.A., 1201 Louisiana Street, Suite 1800, Houston, TX, 77002, USA (Tel: 713 483 5000; 800-3443462; FAX: 281-227-5025; Internet: http://www.totalpetrochemicalsusa.com/ home/default.asp) Total Petrochemicals Bruxelles, Total Petrochemicals, 52, Rue de l'Industrie, 1040 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 288 9111; FAX: 32 2 288 33 69; Internet: http://www.totalpetrochemicals.biz) Total Specialty Chemicals, Inc. 47 Elm St., New Canaan, CT, 06840, USA (Tel: 203-966-1525; FAX: 203-966-1505; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.totaltsc.com) Toyo Gosei Kogyo Co., Ltd. 1603, Kamimyoden, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba, 27201, Japan (Tel: 81 47-327 8080; FAX: 81 47-327-8055; Internet: http://www.toyogosei.co.jp) Toyota Tsusho America, Inc. Wholly owned subsid. of Toyota Tsusho Corp., 437 Madison Ave., 29th Fl., New York, NY, 10022, USA (Tel: 212-418-0100; FAX: 212752-3914; Internet: http://www.taiamerica.com) Tradewinds International Resources Inc. 572 S.W.Squire Johns Lane, Palm City, FL, 34990-7821, USA (Tel: 772-597-0185; FAX: 772-264-3311; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tradewindsintl.net) Trans-Chemco. Inc. 19235 84th St., PO Box 9, Bristol, WI, 531040009, USA (Tel: 262-857-2363; 800-8802498; FAX: 262-857-9127; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.trans-chemco.com) Transene Co. Inc. Danvers Industrial Park, 10 Electronics Ave., Danvers, MA, 01923, USA (Tel: 978-7777860; FAX: 978-739-5640; Internet: http://www.transene.com) Vicente Trapani S.A. Casilla de Correo 247, (4000) San Miguel de Tucumán, Provincia de Tucumán, Argentina Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

(Tel: 54 381 450 6100; FAX: 54 381 450 6125; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vicentetrapani.com) Traxx International Corp. 26 Chapin Rd., PO Box 107, Pine Brook, NJ, 07058, USA (Tel: 973-882-1000; FAX: 973882-1006) T&R Chemicals, Inc. 700 Celum Rd., Box 330, Clint, TX, 79836, USA (Tel: 915-851-2761; 800-351-6025; FAX: 915-851-2961) Treatt R.C. Treatt & Co. Ltd., Northern Way, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, IP32 6NL, UK (Tel: 44 1284 702500; FAX: 44 1284 703809; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rctreatt.com) Treatt USA, 4900 Lakeland Commerce Pkwy., Lakeland, FL, 33805, USA (Tel: 863-6689500; 800-866-7704; FAX: 863-668-3388; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rctreatt.com) Trigon Chemie GmbH Alte Hohenzeller Strasse 20, 36381 Schluechtern, Germany (Tel: 49 6661 96590; FAX: 49 6661 919276; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.trigon-de.com/) Tri-K Industries, Inc. 151 Veterans Drive, Northvale, NJ, 07647, USA (Tel: 201-750-1055; 800-526-0372; FAX: 201-750-9785; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tri-k.com) Triple Crown America, Inc. Box 667, Perkasie, PA, 18944, USA (Tel: 215453-2510; FAX: 215-453-2509; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.triplecrownamerica.com) The Tryline Co., Inc. 365 118th Ave. SE, Suite 100, Bellevue, WA, 98005, USA (Tel: 425-450-8822; 800-6820221; FAX: 425-637-7200; Internet: http://www.tryline.com) Tsuno Rice Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. 2283 Chono-machi, Katsuragi-cho, Ito-gun, Wakayama, 649-7194, Japan (Tel: 81 736 22 8000; FAX: 81 736 22 6069; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tsuno.co.jp) Tulco, Inc. 9 Bishop Rd., Ayer, MA, 01432, USA (Tel: 978-772-4412; FAX: 978-772-1751; E-mail: 2778

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tulcocorp.com/) Tulstar Products Inc. 5510 S. Lewis Ave., Tulsa, OK, 74105, USA (Tel: 918-749-9060; 800-988-5782; FAX: 918-747-1444; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.tulstar.com) Ube Industries, Ltd. Seavans North Bldg, 1-2-1,Shibaura,MinatoKu, Tokyo, 105-8449, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5419 6110; FAX: 81 3 5419 6237; Internet: http://www.ubeind.co.jp/japanese/index.htm) Ubichem plc Mayflower Close, Chandlers Ford Industrial Estate, Eastleigh, Hants, SO53 4AR, UK (Tel: 44 23 8026 3030; FAX: 44 23 8026 3012; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ubichem.com) Uckele Health & Nutrition PO Box 160, 5600 Silberhorn Hwy., Blissfield, MI, 49228-9529, USA (Tel: 517-486-4341; 800-248-0330; FAX: 517-486-3125; Internet: http://www.uckele.com) Ueno Fine Chemicals Industry, Ltd. 2-4-8 Koraibashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6203 6193; FAX: 81 6 6229-3895; Internet: http://www.uenofc.co.jp/e_chem01.html) George Uhe Co., Inc. 219 River Drive,, Garfield, NJ, 07026, USA (Tel: 201-843-4000; 800-850-4075; FAX: 201-843-7517; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.uhe.com) Ulrich Chemical, Inc. 3111 North Post Rd., Indianopolis, IN, 462266566, USA (Tel: 317-898-8632; 800-8448632; FAX: 317-895-0614; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ulrichchem.com) Ultra Additives, Inc. A Münzing Chemie Company, 1455 Broad Street, Bloomfield, NJ, 07003, USA (Tel: 973-279-1306; 800-524-0055; FAX: 973279-0602; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ultraadditives.com) Ultra International Ltd. 304, AVG Bhawan, M-3, Conaught Circus, New Delhi, 110 001, India (Tel: 91 11 5151 7010; FAX: 91-11-5151 7050; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ultrainternational.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Undesa Undesa (Unión Deriván S.A.), Avda. Generalitat 175-179, 08840 Viladecans (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: 34 93 637 35 37; FAX: 34 93 659 19 02; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.undesa.com) Undesa Italia Srl., Via Garibaldi, 10, 40012 Calderara di Reno (BO), Italy (Tel: 39-05164.67.220; FAX: 39-051-64.67.298; E-mail: [email protected]) Ungerer Ungerer & Co., 4 Bridgewater Lane, Lincoln Park, NJ, 07035, USA (Tel: 973-628-0600; FAX: 973-628-0251; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ungererandcompany.com) Ungerer de Mexico S.A. de C.V., Calle 5, No. 14-106, Industrial Alce Blanco, 53350 Naucalpan Edo. de Mexico, Mexico (Tel: 5255-53571717; FAX: 52-55-55764297; Email: [email protected]) Ungerer Ltd., Sealand Road, Chester, CH1 4LP, UK (Tel: 44-1244-371711; FAX: 441244-380185; E-mail: [email protected]) Ungerer Singapore (Representative Office), International Business Park, #07-13 S, Singapore, 609927, Singapore (Tel: 656890-6966; FAX: 65-6890-6968; E-mail: [email protected]) Ungerer Australia, 2 / 3 Adventure Place, Taren Point, NSW, 2229, Australia (Tel: 612-9524-0211; FAX: 612-9524-0939; Email: [email protected]) Unger Fabrikker AS Postboks 254, N-1601 Fredrikstad, Norway (Tel: 47 69 70 82 00; FAX: 47 69 32 37 75; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.unger.no/) Unimin Corp. Member of Sibelco Group, 258 Elm St., New Canaan, CT, 06840, USA (Tel: 203-9668880; 800-243-9004; FAX: 800-243-9005; 203-996-3453; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.unimin.com) Unipex Tour Franklin - 7th Floor, 100 - 101 Terrasse Boieldieu - La Défense 8, 92042 Paris La Défense Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 47 32 81 30; FAX: 33 1 41 96 22 00; Internet: http://www.unipex.com) 2779

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Uniqema Uniqema, Div. of Croda, Buurtje 1, 2802 BE Gouda, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 182 542 288; FAX: 31 182 542 286; Internet: http://www.uniqema.com) Uniqema, Div. of Croda, 1000 Uniqema Blvd., New Castle, DE, 19720-2790, USA (Tel: 302-574-5000; 800-424-2024; FAX: 302574-3525; Internet: http://www.uniqema.com) Uniqema Japan, Div. of Croda, Sin-San Bldg., 5F, 5-10, Shinbashi 3-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0004, Japan (Tel: 81 3 3504 9670; FAX: 81 3 3504 9679) Uniqema (Asia), Div. of Croda, Lot 1, Solok Waja 3, Bukit Raja Industrial Estate, PO Box 83, 41050 Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia (Tel: 603 3349 2015; FAX: 603 3343 1923) Uniqema (Korea), Div. of Croda, Rm. 501 SHN Tower, 90-6, Bundang-Dong, Bundang-Ku,, Sung Nam-Si, Kyunggi-Do, 463-831, South Korea (Tel: 82 31 706 4860/1; FAX: 82 31 706 1767/8) Uniqema (Taiwan), Div. of Croda, 5th Fl., No. 134 Chung Shan Road, g-Li City, Taoyuan Hsien, Taiwan, R.O.C. (Tel: 886 3 422 5006; FAX: 886 3 422 5550) United Coconut Chemicals, Inc./Cocochem UCPB Bldg., 17th Fl., Makati Ave., Makati City, 1226, Philippines (Tel: 63 2 816 0371; FAX: 63 2 817 2251; Internet: http://www.cocochem.ph) United-Guardian, Inc. 230 Marcus Blvd, PO Box 18050, Hauppauge, NY, 11788, USA (Tel: 631-273-0900; 800645-5566; FAX: 631-273-0858; Internet: http://www.u-g.com/) United Mineral & Chemical Corp., UMC Div. of ICD Group, 1100 Valley Brook Ave., Lyndhurst, NJ, 07071-3608, USA (Tel: 201507-3300; 800-777-0505; FAX: 201-5071506; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.umccorp.com) United Pharma Ltd. Churerstr. 92k, PO Box CH-8808, Pfäffikon, Switzerland (Tel: 41 55 417 50 17; FAX: 41 55 417 50 18; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.upltd.com) U.S. Aluminum Inc. 408 US Hwy. 202, PO Box 2190, Flemington, NJ, 08822, USA (Tel: 908-782-5454; 800544-0186; FAX: 908-782-3489) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

U.S. Borax U.S. Borax Inc., Member of The RTZ Corp. plc, 26877 Tourney Rd., Valencia, CA, 91355-1847, USA (Tel: 661-287-5400; 800US BORAX; FAX: 661-287-5495; Internet: http://www.borax.com/) Borax Argentina S.A., Huaytiquina 227, 4407 Campo Quijano Salta, Argentina (Tel: 54 387 490 4030; FAX: 54 387 490 4031) Borax South America Repr. Ltda, Av das Nações Unidas 12551 cj 2208, Brooklin Novo, São Paulo, SP, 04578-000, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 3043 7230; FAX: 55 11 3043 7231; E-mail: [email protected]) Borax Europe Ltd., 1A Guildford Business Park, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 8XG, UK (Tel: 44 1483 242000; FAX: 44-1483 242001; Email: [email protected]) Borax Benelux SA NV, Avenue Baron Albert d'Huart, 17, 1150 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 32 2 512 8858; FAX: 32 2-514 0697) Borax España S.A., Pol. Ind. La Mina, Apartado 197, 12520 Nules Castellon, Spain (Tel: 34 964 659 030; FAX: 34 964 674 659) Deutsche Borax GmbH, Postfach 1021, Otto Volger Strasse 19, 65836 Sulzbach/Taunus, Germany (Tel: 49 6196 5000 50; FAX: 49 6196 5000 60) Borax Français S.A., Route de Bourbourg, B.P. 59, 59411 Coudekerque-Branche Cedex, France (Tel: 33 03 28 29 28 30; FAX: 33 03 28 61 10 18) Borax Italia S.r.l., Fermo Posta Monte Marcello, 19030 (SP), Italy (Tel: 39 0187 608004; FAX: 39 0187 609677) Borax Asia Pte. Ltd., #08-02 Wheelock Place, 501 Orchard Rd., Singapore, 238880, Singapore (Tel: 65 738 6068; FAX: 65 738 6282) U.S. Borax Beijing, No. 1822, 18th Floor, Tower 2, China World Trade Centre, No.; 1 Jianguomenwai Ave., Beijing, 100004, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 65057046; FAX: 86 10 65057049) U.S. Chemicals, Inc. 280 Elm St., New Canaan, CT, 06840, USA (Tel: 203-966-8777; FAX: 203-966-3577; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.uschemicals.com) United States Gypsum Co. 125 S. Franklin St., Chicago, IL, 60606-4678, USA (Tel: 312-606-5655; FAX: 312-214-

2780

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory 6756; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.usg.com/) U.S. Petrochemical Industries, Inc. Galleria Financial Ctr., 5075 Westheimer Rd., Suite 675, Houston, TX, 77056, USA (Tel: 713-871-1951; FAX: 713-871-1963; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.uspetrochemical.com) U.S. Salt, LLC 10955 Lowell Ave., Ste. 600, Overland Park, KS, 66210, USA (Tel: 913-253-2200; 888USA-SALT; FAX: 913-253-2201; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.ussaltllc.com) U.S. Silica Co. PO Box 187, 2486 Hancock Road, Berkeley Springs, WV, 25411, USA (Tel: 304-2582500; 800-243-7500; FAX: 304-258-8295; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.u-s-silica.com) U.S. Synthetics Corp. 158 Airport Rd., Fitchburg, MA, 01420, USA (Tel: 978-345-0176; FAX: 978-342-8070) U.S. Zinc Corp. Subsid. of Aleris Int'l., 6020 Navigation, P.O. Box 611, Houston, TX, 77011, USA (Tel: 713-926-1705; FAX: 713-924-4828; Internet: http://www2.uszinc.com) Unitex Chemical Corp. PO Box 16344, 520 Broome Rd., Greensboro, NC, 27406, USA (Tel: 336-378-0965; FAX: 336-272-4312; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.unitexchemical.com) Univar Ltd Lakeside 5500, Cheadle Royal Business Park, Cheadle, Cheshire, SK8 3GR, UK (Tel: 44 161 741 7000; FAX: 44 161 741 7047; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.univar.co.uk) Universal Color Dispersions Div. of Rohm and Haas, 2701 E. 170 St., Lansing, IL, 60438, USA (Tel: 773-7855500; 800-232-6567; FAX: 773-868-7485) Universal Preserv-A-Chem Inc./UPI 60 Jiffy Road, Somerset, NJ, NJ 08873-0, USA (Tel: 732-568-1266; FAX: 732-568-1299; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.upichem.com) UOP UOP Inc., 25 E. Algonquin Rd., Bldg. A, PO Box 5017, Des Plaines, IL, 60017-5017, USA (Tel: 847-391-2000; 800-877-6184; Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

FAX: 847-391-2253; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; Internet: http://www.uop.com) UOP Canada Inc., 5925 Centre Street S, Calgary, Alberta, T2H 0C2, Canada (Tel: 403-777-3750; FAX: 403-777-3755) UOP Ltd., Liongate, Ladymeade, Guildford, Surrey, GU1 1AT, UK (Tel: 44 1483 304 848; FAX: 44 1483 304 863) UOP GmbH, Steinhof 39, D-40699 Erkrath, Germany (Tel: 49 211 24903 25; FAX: 40 211 249109) UOP N.V., Noorderlaan 147, B-2030 Antwerp, Belgium (Tel: 32 3 5409 911; FAX: 32 3 5417 806) UOP France s.a.r.l., 24, Rue Saarinen Silic 252, 94568 Rungis Cedex, France (Tel: 33 1 41 80 16 60; FAX: 33 1 41 80 16 66) UOP M.S., S.p.A., Viale Milanofiori, Strada 1, Palazzo E1, I-20090 Assago MI, Italy (Tel: 39-02-89224200) UOP Services Ltd., 5th Fl. Marine House, Rakhamovsky per. 4, Bldg. 1, 103051 Moscow, Russia (Tel: 7-095-258-2893) UOP Ltd., A1-Jamal St. 22, Mushrefah District 4, Jeddah, 21472, Saudi Arabia (Tel: 966 2 672 7033; FAX: 966 2 671 7093) UOP Middle East Company, Dubai World Trade Centre 25th Fl., PO Box 9248, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (Tel: 971 4 3313 841; FAX: 971 4 3317 033) UOP India Pvt. Ltd./UOP Asia Ltd., Unitech Trade Center, Sector 43, Block C, Sushant Lok, Phase 1, Haryana, 122004, India (Tel: 91-124-5031361-65; FAX: 91-124-503136970) UOP Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd., 101 Thomson Rd. #16-03/04, United Square, Singapore, 307591, Singapore (Tel: 65 253 1652; FAX: 65 253 0088) UOP Processes International, Lido Commercial Bldg. A2-418, Jichang-Jiangtai Rd., ChaoYang District, Beijing, 100004, P.R. China (Tel: 86 10 6437 6763; FAX: 86 10 6437 6616) UOP K.K., NK Bldg. Ohsaki City, 6th Fl., 6-28, Kitashinagawa 5-chome, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-001, Japan (Tel: 81 3 5421 2560; FAX: 81 3 5421 2788) USB Specialty Biochemicals 26111 Miles Rd., Cleveland, OH, 44128, USA (Tel: 216-765-5000; 800-321-9322; FAX: 800-535-0878; 216-464-5075; E-mail: 2781

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory [email protected]; Internet: http://www.usbweb.com) Vaessen-Schoemaker Industrial S.A. Calle Copérnico, 8, Pol. Ind. Camí Ral, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain (Tel: (93) 664 99 20; FAX: (93) 664 99 25; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vaessenschoemaker.com) Valmar SA/c/o Technigums 30 Avenue du Château de Jouques, Bat A23 Les Espaces de la Sainte, Baume, 13420 Gémenos, France (Tel: 33 442 32 87 38; FAX: 33 442 18 25 44; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.valmarsa.com) Vanco Trading Inc. 50 Old King Hwy. N., Ste. 101, Darien, CT, 06820, USA (Tel: 203-656-2800; FAX: 203655-8307; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://vancotrading.com) Vandemoortele Bakery Products Ottergemsesteenweg Zuid 806, 9000 Gent, Belgium (Tel: 32 9 240 1711; FAX: 32 9 240 1768; Internet: http://www.vandemoortelebakeryproduct s.com/) Van Den Burg Eiprodukten B.V. Sluisweg 20, PO Box 220, 5140 AE Waalwyk, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 416 671400; FAX: 31 416 335285; E-mail: [email protected]) R.T. Vanderbilt R.T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc., 30 Winfield St, Norwalk, CT, 06856-5150, USA (Tel: 203853-1400; 800-243-6064; FAX: 203-8531452; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rtvanderbilt.com) R.T. Vanderbilt Co. (Canada), 1 Eva Rd., Suite 419, Etobicoke, Ontario, M9C 4Z5, Canada (Tel: 416-626-6027; FAX: 416-6266139; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.rtvanderbilt.com) Vara International Div. of Calgon Carbon Corp., 1201 19th Pl., Vero Beach, FL, 32960, USA (Tel: 561-5671320; FAX: 561-567-4108; Internet: http://www.calgoncarbon.com) Variati & Co., S.p.A. Via Guido Rossa, 10, 20049 Concorezzo -MI, Italy (Tel: 39 039 61158.1; FAX: 39 039 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

6041340; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.variati.it/) Varsal Instruments, Inc. 363 Ivyland Rd., Warminster, PA, 18974, USA (Tel: 215-957-5880; FAX: 215-957-9111; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.varsal.com) Veckridge Chemical Co. Inc. 60-70 Central Ave., South Kearny, NJ, 07032, USA (Tel: 973-344-1818; FAX: 973-6905936; E-mail: [email protected]) Vege-Tech Co. 412 W. Cypress St., Glendale, CA, 91204, USA (Tel: 818-956-5582; 800-506-5588; FAX: 818-956-3314; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vegetech.com) Velsicol Chemical Velsicol Chemical Corp., 10400 W. Higgins Road, Suite 600, Rosemont, IL, 60018, USA (Tel: 847-298-9000; 800-843-7759; FAX: 847-298-9018; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.velsicol.com) Velsicol Chemical Ltd., Lower Road, Halebank, Widnes, Cheshire, WA8 8NS, UK (Tel: 44 151 - 422 3263; FAX: 44 151 - 422 3251; E-mail: [email protected]) Velsicol Eesti, Uus Tehase 8, Kohtla-Järve 30328, Republic of Estonia (Tel: 372-3355340; 372-33-73714; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.velsicol.com) Veltek Associates Inc. 15 Lee Boulevard, Malvern, PA, 19355, USA (Tel: 610-644-8335; FAX: 610-644-8336; Internet: http://www.sterile.com) Venchem Ltd. Knotts Lane Chemical Works, Colne, Lancashire, BB8 8AA, UK (Tel: 44 1282 861198; FAX: 44-1282-860020; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.venchem.co.uk) Venus Ethoxyethers Pvt. Ltd. Hari Nivas, 1st Fl., 19 Mathew Rd., Mumbai, 400 004, India (Tel: 91 22 363 0466; FAX: 91 22 361 1285; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.venusgoa.com) Verion Inc. 254 Welsh Pool Rd., Exton, PA, 19341, USA (Tel: 610-594-9220; FAX: 610-594-6908; Email: [email protected]) 2782

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Vernon Walden Inc. 5 Cold Hill Road S., Ste. 17, Mendham, NJ, 07945, USA (Tel: 973-543-8300; FAX: 973543-8310) Vertellus Vertellus Performance Materials Inc., 40 Ave. A, Bayonne, NJ, 07002, USA (Tel: 201858-7900; FAX: 201-437-2728; Internet: http://www.vertellus.com) Vertellus Performance Materials Inc., 2110 High Point Rd., Greensboro, NC, 27403, USA (Tel: 336-292-1781; FAX: 336-8544058; Internet: http://www.vertellus.com) Vertellus Specialties UK Ltd., Seal Sands Rd., Seal Sands, Middlesbrough, TS2 1UB, UK (Tel: 44 1642 546 546; FAX: 44 1642546068) Vertellus Specialties Inc., 300 N. Meridian St., Suite 1500, Indianapolis, IN, 462041763, USA (Tel: 317-247-8141; 800-7773536; FAX: 317-248-6472; Internet: http://www.vertellus.com/) Vertellus Specialties Inc., Pacific Rim, Flat B, 3/F, Staunton House, No. 32 Hollywood Road, Central Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Tel: 852-2522-6361; FAX: 852-2522-6665; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.reillyind.com) Vertex Chemical Corp. 9909 Clayton Rd., Suite 219, St. Louis, MO, 63124, USA (Tel: 314-991-4005; 800-2221915; FAX: 314-991-5126; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vertexchemical.com/) Vevy Europe SpA 16 A, via Semeria, 16131 Genova, Italy (Tel: 39 010 5225 200; FAX: 39 010 5225 025; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vevy.com/VevyEurope.aspx) Vilax Corp. 33 Roberts St., Rockaway, NJ, 07866, USA (Tel: 973-625-2755; FAX: 973-625-3543; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vilax.com) Vinchem Inc. 301 Main St., PO Box 639, Chatham, NJ, 07928, USA (Tel: 973-635-4841; FAX: 973635-1459; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vinchem.com) Vincience SA Les Bouillides 655, 655 Route Du Pin Montard, BP 212, 06904 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

France (Tel: 33 4 92 94 16 06; FAX: 33 4 93 65 44 43) VIOBIN U.S.A. Div. of McShares, Inc., 226 W. Livingston St., Monticello, IL, 61856, USA (Tel: 217-7622561; 888-473-9645; FAX: 217-762-2489; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.viobinusa.com/) Vioryl S.A. 28th km National Rd. Athens - Lamia, Afidnes 190 14, Greece (Tel: 30 22950 45 100; FAX: 30 22950 45 250; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vioryl.gr/) Virginia Dare Extract Co., Inc. 882 Third Ave., Brooklyn, NY, 11232, USA (Tel: 718-788-1776; 800-847-4500; FAX: 718-768-3978; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.virginiadare.com) Vitamins, Inc. 200 E. Randolph Dr., Chicago, IL, 60601-7799, USA (Tel: 312-861-0700; FAX: 312-8610708; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://vitamins-inc.com) Viva Corp. India House No 1, Kemps Corner, Bombay, 400 026, India (Tel: 91 22 23001389; FAX: 91 22 23091237; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sodiumstearate.com) Vivion Inc. 929 Bransten Rd., San Carlos, CA, 94070, USA (Tel: 650-595-3600; 800-479-0997; FAX: 650-595-2094; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vivioninc.com) Vliegenthart B.V. Postbus 6330, 4000 HH Tiel, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 344 633336; FAX: 31 344 631616; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vliegenthart.com) Voigt Global Distribution LLC P.O. Box 1130, Lawrence, KS, 66044-8130, USA (Tel: 816-471-9500; 877-484-3552; FAX: 816-471-9502; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vgdllc.com) Volclay Pty Ltd. Part of Amcol International Corp., 50 Crowle St, North Geelong, 3215, Australia (Tel: 61 3 5272 1090; FAX: 61 3 5278 5833; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.volclay.com.au) 2783

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Voltaix, Inc. PO Box 5357, 197 Meister Ave., North Branch, NJ, 08876-5357, USA (Tel: 908-231-9060; 800-VOLTAIX; FAX: 908-231-9063; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.voltaix.com) Vossen & Co Av. Albert 218, 1190 Brussels, Belgium (Tel: 322-3449176; FAX: 322-3438190; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vossenbio.com) Vulcan Chemicals 1200 Urban Center Dr., Birmingham, AL, 35242, USA (Tel: 205-298-3000; 800-6338280; FAX: 800-933-6039; Internet: http://www.vulcanmaterials.com/vc.asp) VWR International Company of the Merck Group, 1310 Goshen Pkwy., West Chester, PA, 19380, USA (Tel: 610-431-1700; 800-932-5000; FAX: 610431-9174; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vwrsp.com/) Vyse Gelatin Co. 5010 N. Rose St., Schiller Park, IL, 60176, USA (Tel: 847-678-4780; 800-533-2152; FAX: 847-678-0329; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.vyse.com/) Wacker Wacker-Chemie AG, Verkaufsbüro Stuttgart, Sophienstraße 41, 70178 Stuttgart, Germany (Tel: 49 89 6279 01; FAX: 49 89 6279 1770; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wacker.com/cms/de/home/ind ex.jsp) Wacker-Chemie Fine Chemicals GmbH, Wacker-Chemie GmbH, Hanns-Seidel-Platz 4, 81737 München, Germany (Tel: 49 89 6279-1484; FAX: 49 89 6279-2921; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_g roup/divisions/fine-chemicals/finechemicals.jsp) Wacker-Chemie Italia SpA, Via XXV Aprile, 2, 20097 San Donato Milanese (Mi), Italy (Tel: 39 02 51752-1; FAX: 39 02 51752-498; Email: [email protected]) Wacker Chimie S.A.S., Cité Internationale, 94, Quai Charles de Gaulle, France (Tel: 33 478 176-010; FAX: 33 478 176-019; E-mail: [email protected])

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Wacker-Chemie Benelux B.V., Heiligeweg 166, 1561 DM Krommenie, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 75 647-6000; FAX: 31 75 621-5061; E-mail: [email protected]) Wacker Chemicals (USA) Inc., 3301 Sutton Rd., Adrian, MI, 49221-9397, USA (Tel: 517264-8500; 800-485-3686; FAX: 517-2648246; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wackersilicones.com) Wacker Fine Chemicals, Wacker-Chemie GmbH, 3301 Sutton Rd, Adrian, MI, 492219397, USA (Tel: 517-264-8671; 877-9222436; FAX: 517-264-8795; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wacker.com/cms/en/wacker_g roup/divisions/fine-chemicals/finechemicals.jsp) Wacker Silicones Corp., Wholly owned subsid. of Wacker-Chemie GmbH, 3301 Sutton Rd., Adrian, MI, 49221-9397, USA (Tel: 517-264-8500; 800-248-0063; FAX: 517-264-8246; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wackersilicones.com) Wacker Méxicana, S.A. de C.V., Calle Picacho-Ajusco No. 130-102, Col. Jardines en la Montana - Tlalpan, Mexico D.F., 14210, Mexico (Tel: 52 55 5446 4433; FAX: 52 55 5630 6861; E-mail: [email protected]) Wacker Quimica do Brasil Ltda., Rua Municipal no. 100, Jd. Alvorada, 06612-060 Jandira - Sao Paulo, Brazil (Tel: 55 11 4789 8300; FAX: 55 11 4789 8356; E-mail: [email protected]) Wacker Chemicals Australia Pty. Ltd., 18/20 Duerdin St., Clayton North, Victoria, 3168, Australia (Tel: 61 3 9541 8900; FAX: 61 3 9541 8989; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wacker.com.au) Wacker Chemicals Trading (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., 31 F., Bank of China Tower, 200 Yin Cheng Road Central, Pudong, Shanghai, 200 120, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 6100-3400; FAX: 86 21 6100-3500; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wacker-stc.com.cn) Wacker Chemicals Hong Kong Ltd., Suite 1507, Tower 6, The Gateway, 9 Canton Road, Tsimshatsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2506 3228; FAX: 852 2506 3280; E-mail: [email protected]) 2784

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Wacker Chemicals (South Asia) Pte. Ltd., 61 Science Park Road, # 06-09/12, The Galen, Singapore Science Park III, Singapore, 117525, Singapore (Tel: (65) 6542-6638; FAX: (65) 6542-6632; E-mail: [email protected]) Wacker Chemicals Korea Ltd., 14 Fl., Ann Jay Tower, 718-2 Yeoksam-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 135-080, Korea (Tel: 82 2 6710-1200; FAX: 82 2 6710-1203; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wacker.co.kr) Wah Chang An Allegheny Teledyne Company, 1600 NE Old Salem Rd., PO Box 460, Albany, OR, 97321, USA (Tel: 541-967-6977; 888-9264211; FAX: 541-967-6994; Internet: http://www.wahchang.com/) Wako Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd., 1-2, Doshomachi 3-Chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-8605, Japan (Tel: 81 6 6203 3741; FAX: 81 6 6201 5964; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wako-chem.co.jp/english/) Wako Chemicals USA, Inc., 1600 Bellwood Rd., Richmond, VA, 23237, USA (Tel: 804271-7677; FAX: 804-271-7791; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wakousa.com) Wako Chemicals GmbH, Div. of Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd., Fuggerstr. 12, 41468 Neuss, Germany (Tel: 49 2131 311 0; FAX: 49 2131 311 100; Internet: http://www.wakochemicals.de) Georges Walther AG Grindelstrasse 6, 8304 Wallisellen, Switzerland (Tel: 41 839 20 20; FAX: 41 839 20 10; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.gwzag.ch) Walton Pharmaceuticals Ltd. PO Box 76, East Horsley, Surrey, KT24 5YW, UK (Tel: 44 1483 280001; FAX: 44 1483 280002; Internet: http://www.wpl.uk.com) Wego Chemical & Mineral Corp. 239 Great Neck Rd., Great Neck, NY, 11021, USA (Tel: 516-487-3510; FAX: 516-4873794; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wegochem.com) Steve Weiss & Co., Inc. 315 E. 68th St., New York, NY, 10021, USA (Tel: 212-288-3808; FAX: 212-517-3856; EHandbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.steveweiss.com) Welch, Holme & Clark Co. Inc. 7 Ave. L, Newark, NJ, 07105, USA (Tel: 973465-1200; FAX: 973-465-7332; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.welch-holme-clark.com) Welding GmbH & Co. KG Esplanade 39, D-20354 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49-40-35908-251; FAX: 49 40 35908 0; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.welding.de) West Agro, Inc. 11100 N. Congress Ave., Kansas City, MO, 64153-1296, USA (Tel: 816-891-1600; 800421-1905; FAX: 816-891-1595; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.westagro.com) Westco Westco Chemicals, Inc., 12551 Saticoy St. South, North Hollywood, CA, 91605, USA (Tel: 818-255-3655; FAX: 818-255-3650; Internet: http://www.westcochemicals.com) Westco Fine Ingredients, Inc., 12551-61 Saticoy St. South, North Hollywood, CA, 91605, USA (Tel: 818-255-3351; FAX: 818255-3352; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.westcofine.com) Westdry Industries Inc. PO Box 2595, Plainsfield, NJ, 07060, USA (Tel: 908-757-4400; FAX: 908-757-1010; Email: [email protected]) Western Drugs Pvt. Ltd. 213, Creative Industrial Area, N.M. Joshi Marg, Mumbai, 400 013, India (Tel: 91-223016622; FAX: 91-22-3016625; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.westerndrugs.com) Westhove SA 39 rue Loucheur, BP 73, 62510 Arques, France (Tel: 33 3 21 88 38 38; FAX: 33 3 21 88 38 39; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.westhove.com) Westlake Plastics Co. PO Box 127, W. Lenni Rd., Lenni, PA, 19052, USA (Tel: 610-459-1000; 800-999-1700; FAX: 610-459-1084; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.westlakeplastics.com/) 2785

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Whatman Inc. 200 Park Ave, Suite 210, Florham Park, NJ, 07014, USA (Tel: 973 245 8300; 800WHATMAN; FAX: 973 245 8301; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.whatman.com) Peter Whiting (Chemicals) Ltd. 1 Oil Mill Lane, Hammersmith, London, W6 9UA, UK (Tel: 44 20 8741 4025; FAX: 44 20 8741 1737; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.whiting-chemicals.co.uk) Whittemore Co. Inc. 30 Glenn St., Lawrence, MA, 01843, USA (Tel: 978-681-8833; FAX: 978-682-3413; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.whittemoreco.com) The Whole Herb Co. PO Box 1203, 19800 8th St. E., Sonoma, CA, 95476, USA (Tel: 707-935-1077; FAX: 707935-3447; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wholeherbcompany.com/) Whyte Chemicals Limited Marlborough House, 298 Regents Park Rd., Finchley, London, N3 2UA, UK (Tel: 44 20 8346 5946; FAX: 44 20 8349 4589; Internet: http://www.whytechemicals.co.uk/) Wilke International Inc. 14321 West 96th Terrace, Lanexa, KS, 662152052, USA (Tel: 913-438-5544; 800-7795545; FAX: 913-438-5554; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wilkeinternational.com) Wilshire Chemical Co., Inc. 15324 S. Broadway, Gardena, CA, 90248, USA (Tel: 310-323-9232; FAX: 310-3239434; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://users.aol.com/wilshrchem/chmlist2 .htm) Alfred L. Wolff Alfred L. Wolff GmbH & Co., Grosse Baeckerstrasse 13, D-20095 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 37676 187; FAX: 49 40 37676 100; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.alwolff.de) Alfred L. Wolff, Inc., 180 N. Wabash Ave., Suite 401, Chicago, IL, 60601, USA (Tel: 312 265 9889; FAX: 312 265 9888; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.alwolff.com) Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

World Minerals World Minerals, 137 West Central Ave., Lompoc, CA, 93436, USA (Tel: 805-7357791; 800-893-4445; FAX: 805-735-5699; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.worldminerals.com) Advanced Minerals Corporation, Div. of World Minerals Inc., 130 Castilian Drive, Goleta, CA, 93117, USA (Tel: 805-7372454; FAX: 805-562-0288; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.advancedminerals.com) World of Spice Ltd. Unit 22, Bebington Close, Billericay, Essex, CM12 0DT, UK (Tel: 44 1277 633303; FAX: 44 1277 633036; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.worldofspice.co.uk) Worlée Worlée-Chemie GmbH, Grusonstr. 22, D22113 Hamburg, Germany (Tel: 49 40 733 33 0; FAX: 49 40 733 33 1170; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.worlee.de/) E.H. Worlée & Co. (UK) Ltd., Copthall House, Nelson Place, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, ST5 1EZ, UK (Tel: 44 1782 71 46 14; FAX: 44 1782 71 42 39; E-mail: [email protected]) E.H. Worlée & Co. Sarl, 28, rue de la Tuilerie, F-37551 Saint Avertin, France (Tel: 33-2-47 74 31 31; FAX: 33-2-47 74 31 32; E-mail: [email protected]) E.H. Worlée & Co. B.V., Meenthof 17 A, NL1241 CP Kortenhoef, The Netherlands (Tel: 31 35 656 1424; FAX: 31 35 656 0694; Email: [email protected]) Worlée Italia S.r.l., Viale Monza 171, I-20125 Milan, Italy (Tel: 39 02 2804 0379; FAX: 39 02 2890 0514; E-mail: [email protected]) Worthington Biochemical Corp. 730 Vassar Ave., Lakewood, NJ, 08701, USA (Tel: 732-942-1660; 800-445-9603; FAX: 800-368-3108; 732-942-9270; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.worthingtonbiochem.com) Wutong Aroma Chemicals Co., Ltd. Wenchang Rd. #151, Tengzhou, Shandong, 277500, China (Tel: 86 632 5583267; FAX: 86 632 5571068; E-mail: tzwt@wu-

2786

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory tong.com; Internet: http://www.wutong.com) Wychem Limited Bury Rd., Stradishall, Near Newmarket, Suffolk, CB8 8YN, UK (Tel: 44 1440 820 338; FAX: 44 1440 820 339; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wychem.co.uk) Wyo-Ben, Inc. 1345 Discovery Dr., Billings, MT, 59102, USA (Tel: 406-652-6351; 800-548-7055; FAX: 406-656-0748; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.wyoben.com) Xiamen Topusing Chemical Co. Ltd. 7/H,Chang An Building, Lvling Road, Jiangtou, Xiamen, China (Tel: 0086-592-5538032; FAX: 86-592-5538092; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.topusing.com) Xinchem Company 204/5, 100 Fushan Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200127, P.R. China (Tel: 86 21 58203399; FAX: 86 21 68671424; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.finechemnet.com) Yasho Industries Pvt. Ltd. 31H, Laxmi Industrial Estate, New Link Rd., Andheri (West), Mumbai, 400 053, India (Tel: 91 22 6692 9152; FAX: 91 22 6692 9154; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.yashoindustries.com) Yoneyama Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd. 2-3-11, Dosho-machi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 5410045, Japan (Tel: 81-6-6202-8673; FAX: 81 6 6223 1093; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.yoneyama.co.jp) Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd. Hirano-machi Showa Bldg.; 2-6-9, Hiranomachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541, Japan (Tel: 81 6 2011600; FAX: 81 6 2275165; Internet: http://www.mt-pharma.co.jp/) Zaclon Inc. 2981 Independence Rd., Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA (Tel: 216-271-1715; 800-5442203; FAX: 216-271-1792; Internet: http://www.zaclon.com) Zemex Industrial Minerals Subsid. of Zemex Corp., 1040 Crown Pointe Parkway, Suite 270, Atlanta, GA, 30338, USA (Tel: 770-392-8660; 800-290-2443; FAX: 770-392-8670; E-mail: Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

[email protected]; Internet: http://www.zi-m.com) ZenPharm International Ltd. 9 Ammolite, Rancho Santa Margarita, CA, 92688, USA (Tel: 949-709-2709; FAX: 949589-6954; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.zenpharm.com/) Zeochem L.L.C. Owned by Chemie Uetikon AG, P.O. Box 35940, 1600 West Hill Street, Louisville, KY, 40232, USA (Tel: 502-634-7600; 800-6265355; FAX: 502-634-8133; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.zeochem.com/) Zeon Zeon Kasei Corp., Shin Marunouchi Center Building, 1-6-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-8246, Japan (Tel: 81-3-52085111; FAX: 81-3-5208-5290; Internet: http://www.zeon.co.jp) Zeon Asia Pte. Ltd., 331 North Bridge Rd., #20-01/02 Odeon Towers, Singapore, 188720, Singapore (Tel: 65 332 2338; FAX: 65 332 2339) Zeon Chemicals (Thailand) Co., Ltd., 3 Tambol Huaypong, Soi G-14 PakornSongkhororat Rd., Amphur Muang, Rayong, 21150, Thailand (Tel: 66 3 868 5973; FAX: 66 3 868 5972) Zeon Chemicals Europe Ltd., Sully, Vale of Glamorgan, CF64 5YU, UK (Tel: 44 1446 725 400; FAX: 44 1446 747 988; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.zeon.co.uk) Zeon France SA, 22, rue Guynemer, 78600 Maisons Laffitte, France (Tel: 33-1-39-1275-20; FAX: 33-1-39-12-75-26) Zeon Italia S.r.l., Via G.B. Pirelli, 11, 20124 Milano, Italy (Tel: 39 2 671 417 03; FAX: 39 2 671 417 20; Internet: http://www.zeonitalia.it) Zeta Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 163 Madison Avenue, Morristown, NJ, 10088, USA (Tel: 973-267-2205; FAX: 973-2672208; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.zetapharm.com) Zhejiang Sanhuan Chemicals Co., Ltd. No. 1007, Jiu Ling Xi Rd., Yongkang, Zhejiang, 321300, P.R. China (Tel: 86 579 7271588; FAX: 86 579 7271589; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.sanhuanchemicals.com) 2787

Part IV: Manufacturers Directory Zhong Hua Fang Da (H.K.) Ltd. Rm. 1704, 17/F, Greenfield Tower, Concordia Plaza, 1 Science Museum Road TST, Kowloon, Hong Kong (Tel: 852 2609 1138; FAX: 852 2609 0731; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.fangda.com.hk/english/) Zimmer AG Borsigallee 1, 60388 Frankfurt/Main, Germany (Tel: 69-4007-01; FAX: 69-4007-546; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.zimmer-ag.de) Zinkan Enterprises, Inc. 1919 Case Parkway North, Twinsburg, OH, 44087, USA (Tel: 330-487-1500; 800-229-

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

6801; FAX: 330-425-8202; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.zinkan.com) Zircar Zirconia, Inc. PO box 287, 87 B Meadow Rd., Florida, NY, 10921, USA (Tel: 845-651-3040; FAX: 845651-0074; E-mail: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.zircarzirconia.com) ZOCHEM Div. of Hudson Bay Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd., 357 Bay Street, Suite 300, Toronto, Ontario, M5H 2T7, Canada (Tel: 416-6019550; 800-324-1806; FAX: 416-362-3542; Internet: http://www.zochem.com)

2788

Appendix

Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

2789

CAS Number Index 50-00-0 Formaldehyde

50-14-6 Ergocalciferol

50-21-5 Lactic acid Purac Sanilac® Tandem® 11H K

50-69-1 D-Ribose

50-70-4 C*Sorbidex C C*Sorbidex C 16121 C*Sorbidex C 16122 C*Sorbidex S 16603 Excelsponge-7 Friendy 55(V) Friendy M Meritol 121 Meritol 130 Meritol 160 Sorbifin® Sorbitol Sorbitol Sol'n. High Mannitol Sorbo® Sorbo® 70% Sorbitol Sol'n. USP/FCC Sorbogem™ Sorbogem™ 712 Sorbogem™ 834 Sorbogem™ 1162 Sorbogem™ 2016 Sorbogem™ Fines Syral OX 70

50-81-7 Ascorbic Acid USP, FCC L-Ascorbic acid Ascorbo-120 Ascorbo-C Tablets CVC™ Type A Coated Ascorbic Acid Coated Ascorbic Acid, Type EC

50-99-7 ADM Clintose® A ADM Clintose CR 24 ADM Clintose® Dextrose A ADM Clintose® Dextrose C ADM Clintose® Dextrose F ADM Clintose® Dextrose VF ADM Clintose F ADM Clintose® VF Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

BakeSmart® Cargill Dry GL™ 01920 Cargill Dry GL™ 01925 Cargill Dry GL™ 01938 Cargill Dry GL™ 01939 Cargill Dry GL™ 01944 Cargill Dry GL™ 01946 Cargill Dry MD 01913 Cargill Dry MD 01918 Cargill Dry MD 01956 Cargill Dry MD 01960 Cerelose® Anhydrous Dextrose Clearbrew® 43% IX High Maltose Liquid Adjunct Clearbrew® 53/44 Liquid Adjunct Clearbrew® 60/43 Liquid Adjunct Clearbrew® 60/44 IX Liquid Adjunct Clearbrew® 60/44 Liquid Adjunct Clearbrew® 63/43 Liquid Adjunct Clearbrew® 63/44 Liquid Adjunct Clearsweet® 99 Refined Liquid Dextrose DEXSTAR™ Agglomerated Dextrose Dextrofin® DP 313 DP 325 DP 363 DP 374 Gelcarin® SQ 3290 Gelcarin® XP 3337 Gelcarin® XP 3435 Gelcarin® XP 3447 Glucose (anhyd.) Isagel® RGS 40 Isosweet 041 Isosweet 111 Isosweet 131 Isosweet 311 Isosweet 331 Isosweet 360 Isosweet 411 Isosweet 413 Isosweet 431 Isosweet 433 Isosweet 460 Isosweet 470 Isosweet 490 Isosweet 511 Isosweet 513 Isosweet 531 2790

Appendix: CAS Number Index Isosweet 533 Isosweet 560 Isosweet 631 Isosweet 633 Isosweet 660 Isosweet 671 Isosweet 683 Isosweet 711 Isosweet 731 Isosweet 733 Isosweet 760 Isosweet 5500 Lecion LP-1 MicroGARD® MG 200 MoisturLok® Liquid MoisturLok® Powder Proxan® SG 22 Proxan® SG 23 Proxan® SG 25 Rikemal MM-100 SeaGel® DP 437 SeaGel® FL 644L SeaGel® GP 713 SeaGel® PS 182 SeaGel® XP 3611 SeaKem® CM-611 SeaKem® GP-418 SeaKem® IC-611 SeaKem® IC-912 Staleydex® 95 Staleydex® 130 Sucrosweet 210 Sucrosweet 311 Textureze™ MT 200 Viscarin® SA 439 Viscarin® SD-389

51-35-4 L-Hydroxyproline

52-89-1 Cysteine hydrochloride anhydrous

52-90-4 L-Cysteine

54-12-6 DL-α-Tryptophan

56-40-6 Glycine

56-41-7 L-Alanine

56-45-1 L-Serine

56-81-5 Agnique GLY 96 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Agnique GLY 99-U Capmul® MCMC8 Capmul® MCM-L Capmul® MCM-L8 Dow Glycerine 96% USP Dow Glycerine 99.5% USP/EP DREWMULSE® GMC-810 Emery® 917 Glycerin Glycon® G-100 Glycon® G-300 Kemstrene® 96.0% USP Moon™ Glycerine USP K Moon™ Kosher Glycerine USP NK Optim™ Glycerine 99.7 Pricerine™ 9081 Pricerine™ 9083 Pricerine™ 9091 Pricerine™ 9098 Pricerine™ 9099 Star™ Glycerine USP, FCC Star™ K Glycerine USP, FCC Star™ V Glycerine USP, FCC Superol™ K (kosher) Superol™ NK Superol™ V (vegetable) Tomat-O-Red® 2% SG

56-84-8 L-Aspartic acid

56-85-9 L-Glutamine

56-86-0 L-Glutamic acid

56-87-1 L-Lysine

56-89-3 L-Cystine

57-06-7 Allyl isothiocyanate

57-10-3 Emersol® 7036 NAA-160 NAA-171 Palmitic acid V-1655 V-1695

57-11-4 Emersol® 6320 Emersol® 6332 Emersol® 6349 Emersol® 7036 Glycon® S-70 KFG 2791

Appendix: CAS Number Index Glycon® S-90 KFG Glycon® TP KFG HiOmega® Micro 35™ Powder Hystrene® 5016 NF FG Hystrene® 7018 FG Hystrene® 9718 NF FG Industrene® 5016 NF Industrene® 7018 FG MGS-TGL MGS-TGV NAA-172 NAA-173K NAA-174 NAA-175 NAA-175S NAA-176 NAA-180 Stearic acid T-1 T-1855 V-1655

57-13-6 Urea

57-48-7 ADM Invert Blend 90% Invert/76.7% Solids Fructamyl 50A Fructamyl 211 Fructofin® C Fructofin® CFP Fructofin® CM Fructose (D-) Fruisana Gado Multimin Isosweet 041 Isosweet 111 Isosweet 131 Isosweet 311 Isosweet 331 Isosweet 360 Isosweet 411 Isosweet 413 Isosweet 431 Isosweet 433 Isosweet 460 Isosweet 470 Isosweet 490 Isosweet 511 Isosweet 513 Isosweet 531 Isosweet 533 Isosweet 560 Isosweet 631 Handbook of Food Additives, Third Edition

Isosweet 633 Isosweet 660 Isosweet 671 Isosweet 683 Isosweet 711 Isosweet 731 Isosweet 733 Isosweet 760 Isosweet 5500

57-50-1 Gelcarin® DG 3252 Gelcarin® DG 5262 Gelcarin® DG 5264 Gelcarin® DX 4268 Gelcarin® GP 4265 Lactarin® CM 2254 Lacticol® CFT Lacticol® F336 Lactogel® FX 7351 Lutein DC LycoVit® 10% DC MANUCOL® SMF Sucrose Sucrosweet 210 Sucrosweet 311 Textureze™ NB 100 Viscarin® BK 1761 Viscarin® JC 1270

57-55-6 Adeka Propylene Glycol (P) Aldo® HMO PG KFG Antrancine® 19 Antrancine® 20 CH-P Antrancine® 220 Arlacel® 186 Avox™ 6 Avox™ 7 Avox™ 20B Avox™ 22 Avox™ 25 Avox™ 26 Avox™ A Avox™ R Avox™ S-1 Avox™ S-2 PG USP Propylene glycol Propylene Glycol USP, FCC Tomato Oil 010

57-88-5 Cholesterol

2792

Appendix: CAS Number Index

58-08-2 Caffeine

58-56-0 Arcon® SK Fortified Pyridoxine Hydrochloride USP, FCC Pyridoxine HCl

58-85-5 d-Biotin Bitrit-1™ (1% Biotin Trituration)

58-86-6 D-Xylose CL D-Xylose CT D-Xylose CTR D(+)-Xylose

58-95-7 Covitol® 1360J d-α-Tocopheryl acetate

59-02-9 Kaydol® D-α-Tocopherol

59-30-3 Bulgur Enrichment Folic acid Folic Acid 10% Trituration Pro-Fam® 976

59-43-8 Thiamine

59-51-8 Kleistase E5S DL-Methionine

59-67-6 Lutavit® Niacin Feed Grade Niacin USP, FCC Nicotinic acid Pro-Fam® 976

60-00-4 Edetic acid

60-01-5 Tributyrin

60-12-8 Phenethyl alcohol Phenylethyl Alcohol Extra

60-18-4 L-Tyrosine

60-33-3 Crossential® EPO TG25 Linoleic acid Procol CLA

60-93-5 Quinine dihydrochloride

61-90-5 L-Leucine

62-33-9 Calcium disodium EDTA (anhyd.) Dissolvine® E-CA-10 Versene™ CA

62-46-4 Lipoec® Thioctic acid

62-54-4 Calcium acetate (anhyd.) Niacet Calcium Acetate FCC

63-42-3 Dry Vitamin D^3 Type 100 SD Lactose Lecion LP-1 Natamax® Sheffield Brand Anhydrous Lactose NF

63-68-3 L-Methionine

63-91-2 L-Phenylalanine

64-02-8 Tetrasodium EDTA

64-17-5 Alcohol Alcohol Surfin P